顎針蟻屬

顎針蟻屬 (Anochetus ) 主要棲息於熱帶及亞熱帶地區，少數幾種棲息於溫帶地區，具有觸發式大顎 (trap-jaw) ，肉食性。姊妹群為鋸針蟻屬，鋸針蟻屬和顎針蟻屬是鋸針蟻族下唯二的成員，Santos et al. (2010) 的研究支持鋸針蟻屬是由顎針蟻屬演化而來的假說。

**物種描述**
具有細長並向前延伸的大顎，能夠打開至接近 180° ，能夠以極快的速度閉合大顎。體型小至中等 (2.9 mm ~ 12 mm)。體色通常較為黯淡，棕色、黑色、紅色、黃色，有些物種雙色。

**與易混淆物種的辨別方式**

**與鋸針蟻屬**
鋸針蟻屬的腹柄節頂端具有一齒，而顎針蟻屬的具有兩齒或呈圓滑狀；鋸針蟻屬的頭部後方具有縫線，呈現倒 V 字形，有時候會稍微內凹，顎針蟻屬則呈現倒 U 字形。

**與瘤顎家蟻**
在野外小型的顎針蟻常和瘤顎家蟻搞混，但瘤顎家蟻有兩節腹柄節，而顎針蟻只有一節。

**地區性物種分佈**
中國和臺灣地區共有8種：- A. graeffei Mayr, 1870- A. lanyuensis Leong et al., 2018- A. longus Chen et al. 2019- A. madaraszi Mayr, 1897- A. mixtus Radchenko, 1993- A. medogensis Chen et al. 2019- A. risii Forel, 1900,- A. subcoecus Forel, 1912

**物種列表**
顎針蟻屬現生115種，已滅絕8種。化石皆產於多明尼加琥珀。
*Anochetus africanus (Mayr, 1865)
*Anochetus agilis Emery, 1901
*Anochetus alae Shattuck & Slipinska, 2012
*Anochetus altisquamis Mayr, 1887
*†Anochetus ambiguus De Andrade, 1994
*Anochetus angolensis Brown, 1978
*Anochetus armstrongi McAreavey, 1949
*Anochetus avius Shattuck & Slipinska, 2012
*Anochetus bequaerti Forel, 1913
*Anochetus bispinosus (Smith, 1858)
*Anochetus boltoni Fisher & Smith, 2008
*†Anochetus brevidentatus MacKay, 1991
*Anochetus brevis Brown, 1978
*Anochetus bytinskii Kugler & Ionescu, 2007
*Anochetus cato Forel, 1901
*Anochetus chirichinii Emery, 1897
*Anochetus chocoensis Fernández, 2008
*†Anochetus conisquamis De Andrade, 1994
*Anochetus consultans (Walker, 1859)
*†Anochetus corayi Baroni Urbani, 1980
*Anochetus cryptus Bharti & Wachkoo, 2013
*Anochetus daedalus
*Anochetus diegensis Forel, 1912
*†Anochetus dubius De Andrade, 1994
*Anochetus elegans Lattke, 1987
*Anochetus emarginatus (Fabricius, 1804)
*Anochetus evansi Crawley, 1922
*†Anochetus exstinctus De Andrade, 1994
*Anochetus faurei Arnold, 1948
*Anochetus filicornis (Wheeler, 1929)
*Anochetus fricatus Wilson, 1959
*Anochetus fuliginosus Arnold, 1948
*Anochetus ghilianii (Spinola, 1851)
*Anochetus gladiator (Mayr, 1862)
*Anochetus goodmani Fisher & Smith, 2008
*Anochetus graeffei Mayr, 1870
*Anochetus grandidieri Forel, 1891
*Anochetus haytianus Wheeler & Mann, 1914
*Anochetus hohenbergiae Feitosa & Delabie, 2012
*Anochetus horridus Kempf, 1964
*Anochetus inca Wheeler, 1925
*Anochetus incultus Brown, 1978
*Anochetus ineditus Baroni Urbani, 1971
*Anochetus inermis André, 1889
*†Anochetus intermedius De Andrade, 1994
*Anochetus isolatus Mann, 1919
*Anochetus jonesi Arnold, 1926
*Anochetus kanariensis Forel, 1900
*Anochetus katonae Forel, 1907
*Anochetus kempfi Brown, 1978
*Anochetus levaillanti Emery, 1895
*Anochetus leyticus Zettel, 2012
*Anochetus longifossatus Mayr, 1897
*Anochetus longispinus Wheeler, 1936
*†Anochetus lucidus De Andrade, 1994
*Anochetus madagascarensis Forel, 1887
*Anochetus madaraszi Mayr, 1897
*Anochetus maryatiae Nuril Aida & Idris, 2011
*Anochetus maynei Forel, 1913
*Anochetus mayri Emery, 1884
*Anochetus menozzii Donisthorpe, 1941
*Anochetus micans Brown, 1978
*Anochetus minans Mann, 1922
*Anochetus miserabilis González-Campero & Elizalde, 2008
*Anochetus mixtus Radchenko, 1993
*Anochetus modicus Brown, 1978
*Anochetus muzziolii Menozzi, 1932
*Anochetus myops Emery, 1893
*Anochetus natalensis Arnold, 1926
*Anochetus neglectus Emery, 1894
*Anochetus nietneri (Roger, 1861)
*Anochetus obscuratus Santschi, 1911
*Anochetus obscurior Brown, 1978
*Anochetus orchidicola Brown, 1978
*Anochetus oriens Kempf, 1964
*Anochetus orientalis André, 1887
*Anochetus pangantihoni Zettel, 2012
*Anochetus pangens (Walker, 1859)
*Anochetus paripungens Brown, 1978
*Anochetus pattersoni Fisher & Smith, 2008
*Anochetus pellucidus no authors, 1902
*Anochetus peracer Brown, 1978
*Anochetus princeps Emery, 1884
*Anochetus pubescens Brown, 1978
*Anochetus punctaticeps Mayr, 1901
*Anochetus pupulatus Brown, 1978
*Anochetus rectangularis Mayr, 1876
*Anochetus renatae Shattuck & Slipinska, 2012
*Anochetus risii Forel, 1900
*Anochetus rossi Donisthorpe, 1949
*Anochetus rothschildi Forel, 1907
*Anochetus rufolatus Shattuck & Slipinska, 2012
*Anochetus rufostenus Shattuck & Slipinska, 2012
*Anochetus rufus (Jerdon, 1851)
*Anochetus ruginotus Stitz, 1925
*Anochetus rugosus (Smith, 1857)
*Anochetus schoedli Zettel, 2012
*Anochetus sedilloti Emery, 1884
*Anochetus seminiger Donisthorpe, 1943
*Anochetus shohki Terayama, 1996
*Anochetus simoni Emery, 1890
*Anochetus siphneus Brown, 1978
*Anochetus splendidulus Yasumatsu, 1940
*Anochetus striatulus Emery, 1890
*Anochetus strigatellus Brown, 1978
*Anochetus subcoecus Forel, 1912
*Anochetus taiwaniensis Terayama, 1989
*Anochetus talpa Forel, 1901
*Anochetus targionii Emery, 1894
*Anochetus testaceus Forel, 1893
*Anochetus traegaordhi Mayr, 1904
*Anochetus tua Brown, 1978
*Anochetus turneri Forel, 1900
*Anochetus validus Bharti & Wachkoo, 2013
*Anochetus vallensis Lattke, 1987
*Anochetus variegatus Donisthorpe, 1938
*Anochetus veronicae Shattuck & Slipinska, 2012
*Anochetus vexator Kempf, 1964
*Anochetus victoriae Shattuck & Slipinska, 2012
*Anochetus werneri Zettel, 2012
*Anochetus wiesiae Shattuck & Slipinska, 2012
*Anochetus yerburyi Forel, 1900
*Anochetus yunnanensis Wang, 1993

**參考資料**

**外部連結**
 Anochetus