長葡萄螺科

長葡萄螺科（學名：Haminoeidae）在生物分類學是一個海螺的科，海洋 後鰓類腹足綱軟體動物的成員，屬於頭楯目長葡萄螺總科。
本科的命名長久以來都甚具爭議，過往本科物種成員常被歸類為屬於「阿地螺科」（臺灣叫作「葡萄螺科」shelldoc_100368）或「翡翠螺科」。這兩個名稱現時都成為了本科的同物異名。
另外，本科物種所屬的屬，不斷都有新的建議；不過由於這些物種本身要單靠外部的形態特徵去辨別也比較困難，有時甚至難以分辨，直至有關物種被捕獲，得以解剖為止。未經解剖學對活體標本作詳細描述，這些獲建議的屬的地位均為不確定。

**分佈**
這些物種在所有溫暖的海域均有發現。

**棲息地**
這些物種棲息於潮間帶或海灣、河口或潮池中靠近海岸的地方的細砂質底，又或於泥濘的底部。

**型態描述**
這些色彩豐富的海螺能夠令部分身體的顏色與其躺臥的海床的色彩相同。
Their large cephalic shield is rounded at the front, but deeply lobed behind. The 外套膜 protrudes behind the shell. The shell is partially or completely enfolded by lateral parapodial (=fleshy winglike outgrowths) lobes.

**形態描述**
Their 螺殼 varies in size according to the species, from 3 mm to 30 mm.
The shell is ovoid, thin and translucent. It may be smooth or have spiral grooves (striae). The umbilical apex is sunken or enclosed and no longer visible. Large body whorl with fine spiral striations. Smooth columella. The thin outer lip of the 殼口 extends beyond the apex of the shell and is thus longer than the body whorl. The aperture narrows posteriorly and is wider anteriorly.

**生態**
These snails are 食草動物. Their diet consists of various kinds of 綠藻e. They can survive in brackish water.
They are hermophroditic. Their 卵s are deposited in round or oval jellylike strings, attached to 大葉藻屬 or sand.
阿地螺及另一同屬阿地螺屬的物種Atys cylindricum皆為本科已知會發出生物熒光的物種。

**分類**
在2005年的《布歇特和洛克羅伊的腹足類分類》，長葡萄螺總科由下列三個科組成Bouchet 2005：
*長葡萄螺科  Haminoeidae
*泥螺科 Bullactidae
*翡翠螺科 Smaragdinellidae
但Malaquias (2010)將這三個科均併歸長葡萄螺科這一科Malaquias 2010；在2017年底出版的《布歇特等人的腹足類分類》依從Bouchet 2017。

**屬與物種**
本科包括下列各屬：
*Aliculastrum- 阿地螺屬 Atys Montfort, 1810：又名葡萄螺屬shelldoc_100368- Austrocylichna Burn, 1974- 泥螺屬 Bullacta Bergh, 1901：只有泥螺（Bullacta exarata (Philippi, 1849)）一個物種，過往屬於獨自的泥螺科。- Cylichnatys Kuroda & Habe, 1952
*Cylichnium W. H. Dall, 1908
**Cylichnium africanum
**Cylichnium domitum Dall, 1908 - Distribution: Caribbean
**Cylichnium matsumotoi (Habe, 1955) - Distribution: Japan- 漩阿地螺屬 Diniatys Iredale, 1936- 月華螺屬 Haloa
*長葡萄螺屬 Haminoea Turton & Kingston in Carrington, 1830
*Liloa Pilsbry, 1921 - 泥阿地螺屬 LimulatysIredale, 1936
*Micratys Habe, 1952
*MimatysHabe, 1952- 日本阿地螺 Nipponatys Habe, 1952- Phanerophthalmus A. Adams, 1850 
*Sericohaminoea- 翡翠螺屬 Smaragdinella A. Adams, 1848
*Sphaeratys
*Weinkauffia Monterosato, 1884
異名：- Atyscaphander Annandale, 1924：被認為是泥螺屬（Bullacta Bergh, 1901）的異名；- Dinia H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854: synonym of Diniatys Iredale, 1936- Haminea Gray, 1847: synonym of Haminoea Turton & Kingston in Carrington, 1830- Sinohaminea Tchang, 1933：也被認為是泥螺屬（Bullacta Bergh, 1901）的異名；
*Genus Haloa
**Haloa binotata (H. A. Pilsbry, 1895) 
***Distribution : Indo Pacific
**Haloa constricta A. Adams, 1850 
***Distribution : Japan
**Haloa crocata W. H. Pease, 1860 
***Distribution : Hawaii
**Haloa flavescens (A. Adams, 1850) 
***Distribution : Indo Pacific
**Haloa fusca W. H. Pease, 1863 
***Distribution : Indo Pacific
**Haloa japonica H. A. Pilsbry, 1895 Japanese Paper-bubble
***Distribution : Indo Pacific, Japan
***Length : 10 mm
***Description : species with beautiful colors : glassy white background with tiny white spots and dark patches with orange dots.
**Haloa kawamurai T. Habe, 1950 
***Distribution : Indo Pacific
**Haloa margaritoides T. Kuroda & T. Habe, 1971 
***Distribution : Japan
***Length : 7 mm
***Description : intertidal among seaweeds
**Haloa nigripunctata W. H. Pease, 1868 
***Distribution : Japan
**Haloa rotundata A. Adams, 1850 
***Distribution : Japan
**Haloa vitrea (A. Adams, 1850) 
***Distribution : Japan
**Haloa yamaguchii T. Habe, 1952 
***Distribution : Indo Pacific
*Genus Hamineobulla Habe, 1950 (incertae sedis; may be belong to the family Bullidae)
**Hamineobulla kawamurai Habe, 1950
***Distribution : Okinawa
***Length : 6 mm
***Description : brown animal with short cephalic shield; on the shell there are a few transverse rows with brighter dots
*Genus Liloa Pilsbry, 1921
Since most of these bubble snails were named on the basis of the shell alone, the occurrence of synonyms among the following species is quite possible.
**Liloa brevis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1833)
***Distribution : Australia
***Description : elongate body; parapodial flaps cover only the front of the thin, fragile shell
**Liloa curta (A. Adams, 1850)
***Distribution : Western Pacific
***Description : elongate body; the color can vary from a few dark spots on a translucent body, to almost completely dark.
**Liloa incisula Yokoyama, 1928 
***Distribution : Japan
**Liloa laeta A. A. Gould, 1859 
***Distribution : Indo Pacific
**Liloa nipponensis Nomura & Hatai, 1940 
***Distribution : Japan
**Liloa porcellana A. A. Gould, 1859 
***Distribution : Japan
**Liloa tomaculum H. A. Pilsbry, 1951 
***Distribution : Hawaiian Islands
**Liloa translucens A. Adams, 1862 
***Distribution : Japan
*Genus Limulatys Iredale, 1936
**Limulatys constrictus T. Habe, 1952 
***Distribution : Indo Pacific
***Length : 16 mm
**Limulatys crassilabris (約翰尼斯·提艾利, 1925)
***Distribution : S.E. Asia, Thailand
***Length : 8 mm
**Limulatys fusiformis T. Habe, 1952 
***Distribution : Japan
**Limulatys muscarius A. A. Gould, 1859
***Distribution : Indo Pacific, Philippines
**Limulatys okamotoi T. Habe, 1952 
***Distribution : Indo Pacific
**Limulatys ooformis T. Habe, 1964 Egg-shaped Bubble
***Distribution : Indo Pacific, Philippines, Thailand
***Length : 20 mm
**Limulatys okamotoi Habe, 1952
***Distribution : Philippines
***Length : 9 mm
**Limulatys reliquus Iredale, 1936 
***Distribution : New Zealand
**Limulatys scobriculatus A. Adams, 1862 
***Distribution : Japan
**Limulatys tortuosus A. Adams, 1850 
***Distribution : Japan
*Genus Micratys Habe, 1952
**Micratys ovum T. Habe, 1952 
***Distribution : Japan, Philippines
***Length : 2 mm
*Genus Mimatys Habe, 1952
**Mimatys fukuokaensis T. Habe, 1952 
***Distribution : Japan, Philippines
***Length : 2.5 mm
*Genus Nipponatys Kurida & Habe, 1952
**Nipponatys amakusaensis T. Habe & Kikuchi, 1960 
***Distribution : Japan
**Nipponatys oshimai T. Habe & Kikuchi, 1960 
**Nipponatys volvulina A. Adams, 1862 
***Distribution : Japan
*Genus Sericohaminoea Habe, 1952
*Genus Sphaeratys F. Nordsieck, 1972 (?)
*Genus Ventomnestia
**Ventomnestia bizona (A. Adams, 1850)
**Ventomnestia colorata Iredale, 1936
**Ventomnestia villica (Gould, 1859) (may be a synonym of Ventomnestia bizona)
***Distribution : Guam
***Length : 5.5 mm
***Description : a bubble snail with a great variation in color, from white to brown, but always with a characteristic pattern; heavy shell; 齒舌 formula : 2.1.2; 
*Genus Weinkauffia A. Adams, 1858
**Weinkauffia diaphana A. Aradas & Maggiore, 1839 
***Distribution : West Africa
***Description : has similar gizzard plates as Atys multistriatus
**Weinkauffia turgidula Forbes, 1844 
***Distribution : Adriatic Sea, Malta, Turkey
***Length : 5 mm
***Description : fossils of this species have been found in sediments of 上新世 age in Italy.
以下各屬已撥歸其他科：- Mnestia H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854 及 Ventomnestia Iredale, 1936：已獨立出來成為一個科，改歸盒螺總科。

**參考文獻**
 Vaught, K.C. (1989). A classification of the living Mollusca. American Malacologists: Melbourne, FL (USA). 0-915826-22-4. XII, 195 pp

**外部連結**
 Haminoeidae