錫安長老會紀要

《錫安長老會紀要》（Протоколы сионских мудрецов，簡稱Сионские протоколы；The Protocols of the Elders of Zion）是原始語言為俄語，作者不詳，其內容為描述所謂“猶太人征服世界”陰謀的具體計劃的一本反猶太主題的書，1903年在沙俄首度出版後，成為猶太資本控制世界陰謀論的起源。
隨著納粹在二戰的戰敗，這本書被證偽，將之用來做為反猶太人宣傳工具的行為也跟著減少，但仍經常被反猶太主義者引用和再出版，並且有時候被用來做為指控所謂的猶太秘密結社的証據，特別是在中東。

**名稱**
其他中文譯名包括《錫安長老議定書》、《猶太賢者議定書》、《猶太精英協議》等等。

**歷史與研究**
從1903年初版到1917-1918年俄國革命之間，該書在俄國境外幾乎無人知曉 1967。隨著十月革命中大量俄國資產貴族階層出逃，該書也隨之流傳到西方。十月革命的發動隨之被解釋為《紀要》中“猶太人陰謀”的一部分。
在20世紀上半葉席捲歐洲的納粹滅猶浪潮中，該書被希特勒要求進入德國課本並廣為流傳，至今仍是各種陰謀論原始來源。
眾多不同獨立研究皆證明這是一本剽竊其他作者、以煽動和欺騙為目的虛構文學作品。
書中的大量文字或複製、或少量修改自1864年法國作家毛里斯·若利針對拿破崙三世的諷刺小說《Dialogue aux enfers entre Machiavel et Montesquieu》，以及1868年德國反猶作家Sir John Retcliffe的小說《比亞里茨》（Biarritz）。也有學者們一般相信這些文字是俄羅斯帝國秘密警察組織奧克瑞那在1890年代末或1900年代初虛構出來的。
對於這本「議定書」早期最著名的駁斥理論之一是倫敦泰晤士報所發行的一系列文章，揭露了這本「議定書」很多內容皆剽竊或是類似自更早發行、且沒有反猶太橋段的Political satire改編而來。
自這本書在1903年開始印刷起，那些早期的發行者們對於他們是如何拿到那個傳說中原稿的副本就只能提供不清不楚且經常自相矛盾的解釋。這本「議定書」被廣泛認為是現代政治理論地攤文學的開端，此書使用的描述形式是一本對「賢士們」新進成員的指導手冊，講解他們是如何經由控制媒體和金融來操控世界，和如何用大量宣傳取代傳統社會規則。

**內容 **
以下是本書中所記載的各“決議”以及主題。決議共有24條這是現時流傳最廣的馬斯登（Marsden）的英譯本中的編排。有部分其他版本收錄了多於或少於24條“決議文”。：
該《紀要》聲稱，所記載的內容出自19世紀末世界猶太人領袖團體——“錫安長老會”。所有“決議文”均以“長老”們教導其追隨者的語氣寫成。
“長老會”的最終目的是通過各種陰謀手段統治全球 p = 58。然而，其中許多內容卻和之前近千年裡在歐洲流傳過的反猶謠言高度一致 p = 58。譬如：《紀要》中提到要破壞非猶太（外邦人）民族的道德體系，利用猶太銀行家在金融界的影響力操縱世界經濟、操縱傳媒，最終消滅文明 p = 58等等。
《紀要》共包含24條“決議文”，列在下表中。專門研究反猶言論的學者Steven Jacobs和Mark Weitzman提取每條決議文的主題列在右列，可看出不少主題在不同決議文中反覆出現。 pp = 21–25

**相關條目**
1992年俄國版此書的封皮印著一隻惡魔

**概念**
 黑色宣傳- 血祭誹謗- 文化馬克思主義陰謀論- 造謠- 仇恨言論- 猶太布爾什維主義- 影子政府- 世界政府

**人物**
 馬丁·海德格爾與納粹主義

**作品**
 《共濟會最高的永久指令》- 哈馬斯章程- 《英國駐中東間諜漢弗先生的回憶錄》- 《布拉格墓園》- 《錫安長老會紀要》（電影）- 《二十世紀的種族計劃》- 田中奏摺

**腳註**

**註釋**

**引用**

**書目**
 Citation|title=The Lie That Wouldn't Die: One Hundred Years of The Protocols of the Elders of Zion|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=V8ltAAAAMAAJ|year=2005|last=Ben-Itto|first=Hadassa|authorlink=Hadassa Ben-Itto|publisher=Vallentine Mitchell|isbn=978-0-85303-602-9|location=London; Portland, OR|accessdate=2015-08-03|archive-date=2016-05-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160527153607/https://books.google.com/books?id=V8ltAAAAMAAJ- name=Bernstein, Herman (1921): The History of a Lie
**  accessdate = 2009-02-01.-  isbn = 0-19-516956-5.- Citation | contribution-url = http://www.skepdic.com/protocols.html | contribution = Protocols of the Learned Elders of Zion | title = Skeptic's Dictionary | first = Robert Todd | last = Carroll | author-link = Robert Todd Carroll | year = 2006 | accessdate = 2015-08-03 | archive-date = 2021-01-26 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210126151310/http://www.skepdic.com/protocols.html .-  year = 2004.- Citation | first = Norman | last = Cohn | author-link = Norman Cohn | title = Warrant for Genocide, The myth of the Jewish world conspiracy and the 'Protocols of the Elders of Zion' | year = 1967 | publisher = Eyre & Spottiswoode | isbn = 1-897959-25-7.- Citation | author = David | contribution-url = http://www.straightdope.com/columns/read/1797/whats-the-story-with-the-protocols-of-the-elders-of-zion | contribution = What's the story with the 'Protocols of the Elders of Zion'? | title = The Straight Dope | date = June 30, 2000 | accessdate = 2015-08-03 | archive-date = 2020-05-02 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200502043803/http://www.straightdope.com/columns/read/1797/whats-the-story-with-the-protocols-of-the-elders-of-zion/ .-  dead-url = no .- Citation | url = http://emperor.vwh.net/antisem/first.pdf | title = 'Jewish World Plot': An Exposure. The Source of 'The Protocols of Zion'. Truth at Last | first = Philip | last = Graves | newspaper = The New York Times | date = September 4, 1921b | at = Front p, Sec 7 | format = PDF | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20060304102238/http://emperor.vwh.net/antisem/first.pdf | archivedate =2006-03-04.
**  type = articles collection.-  pages = 243–55.-  isbn = 0-88125-785-0.-  year = 2005.-  oclc = 30002662.- Citation | place = Lincoln and London | origyear = 1998 | page =  113 | title = The non-existent manuscript: a study of the Protocols of the sages of Zion| date= June 1, 2004 | isbn = 978-0-8032-1727-0 | last1 = de Michelis | first1 = Cesare G | author-link = Cesare G. De Michelis | last2 = Newhouse | first2 = Richard | last3=Bi-Yerushalayim | publisher = Vidal Sassoon International Center for the Study of Antisemitism, Universiṭah ha-ʻIvrit; University of Nebraska Press.-  isbn = 0-684-83131-7.-  year = 1980.

**延伸閱讀**
 Citation | url = http://www.adl.org/special_reports/protocols/protocols_intro.asp | title = A Hoax of Hate | publisher = The Anti-Defamation League | year = 2002 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20051228055640/http://www.adl.org/special_reports/protocols/protocols_intro.asp | archivedate = 2005-12-28 .-  isbn = 0-393-06045-4.-  doi = 10.1080/13501679708577838.- Citation | author-link = Isaac Goldberg| last = Goldberg | first = Isaac | title = The so-called "Protocols of the Elders of Zion": a Definitive Exposure of One of the Most Malicious Lies in History | place = Girard, KS | publisher = E. Haldeman-Julius | year = 1936.- Citation | author-link = Michael Hagemeister | last = Hagemeister | first = Michael | url = http://ngc.dukejournals.org/cgi/reprint/35/1_103/83 | title = The Protocols of the Elders of Zion: Between History and Fiction | journal = New German Critique | volume = 35 | issue = 1103 | accessdate = 2009-09-15 | archive-date = 2010-09-05 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100905043212/http://ngc.dukejournals.org/cgi/reprint/35/1_103/83 | dead-url = no -  publisher = Faber & Faber.-  year = 2012.-  year = 2007.-  isbn = 1-4000-4901-6.-  isbn = 0-415-59892-3.-  year = 1921.- Citation| author-link = Carmen| last = Matussek| first = Carmen| url = http://www.worldjewishcongress.org/en/news/14007/wjc_analysis_carmen_matussek_the_protocols_of_the_elders_of_zion_in_the_arab_world| title = Carmen Matussek: The Protocols of the Elders of Zion in the Arab world| publisher = World Jewish Congress website| year = 2013| accessdate = 2015-08-03| archive-date = 2013-12-05| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131205011911/http://www.worldjewishcongress.org/en/news/14007/wjc_analysis_carmen_matussek_the_protocols_of_the_elders_of_zion_in_the_arab_world.

**外部鏈接**
 Citation | url = http://ajcarchives.org/AJC_DATA/Files/F-45.PDF | title = Public Statement | publisher = The American Jewish Committee | format = PDF | accessdate = 2015-08-03 | archive-date = 2007-06-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070615172244/http://ajcarchives.org/AJC_DATA/Files/F-45.PDF | dead-url = yes , 4pp. A disclaimer published as a result of a conference held in New York City on November 30, 1920.-  The Protocols of the Elders of Zion: Between History and Fiction date=20210423104339 , By Michael Hagemeister- Citation | url = http://www.ushmm.org/museum/exhibit/focus/antisemitism/pdf/senate-protocols.pdf | title = Protocols of the Elders of Zion; a fabricated "historic" document | type = report | publisher = Subcommittee to Investigate the Administration of the Internal Security Act and Other Internal Security Laws, 88th Congress, 2d Session | place = United States Holocaust Museum | date = August 6, 1964 | format = PDF | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080528134535/http://www.ushmm.org/museum/exhibit/focus/antisemitism/pdf/senate-protocols.pdf | archivedate =2008-05-28.- Citation | url = https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/anti-semitism/protocols.html | title = The Protocols of the Elders of Zion | publisher = Jewish Virtual Library | accessdate = 2015-08-03 | archive-date = 2017-01-03 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170103060948/http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/anti-semitism/protocols.html .- Citation | url = http://www.religioustolerance.org/jud_blib4.htm | title = Antisemitic Propaganda: "The Protocols of the Learned Elders of Zion" | publisher = Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance | date = September 2004 | accessdate = 2015-08-03 | archive-date = 2021-03-17 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210317065034/https://www.religioustolerance.org/jud_blib4.htm .- Citation | url = http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/index.php?ModuleId=10007058 | title = Holocaust Encyclopedia | contribution = A Dangerous Lie | publisher = United States Holocaust Memorial Museum | date = April 2006 | accessdate = 2015-08-03 | archive-date = 2019-11-05 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191105074741/https://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/index.php?ModuleId=10007058 .- Citation | editor-last = Dickerson | editor-first = D | url = http://ddickerson.igc.org/protocols.html | type = Index of several resources | publisher = Institute for Global Communications | title = Protocols | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20060424122316/http://ddickerson.igc.org/protocols.html | archivedate = 2006-04-24 .-  archivedate = 2014-07-29 .- Citation | url = http://books.guardian.co.uk/print/0,,4483026-110738,00.html | title = The poisonous Protocols | first = Umberto | last = Eco | author-link = Umberto Eco | newspaper = The Guardian | date = August 17, 2002 | access-date = 2015-08-03 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080513164002/http://books.guardian.co.uk/print/0,,4483026-110738,00.html | archive-date = 2008-05-13 | dead-url = yes - Citation | url = http://www.e-mago.co.il/Editor/english-588.htm | title = The Protocols of the Elders of Zion: The Truth Story | first = Eli | last = Eshed | author-link = Eli Eshed | date = December 13, 2005 | place = IL | publisher = eMago | accessdate = 2015-08-03 | archive-date = 2021-01-26 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210126031153/http://www.e-mago.co.il/Editor/english-588.htm .-  archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100905215903/http://www.notes.co.il/eshed/13894.asp .- Citation | url = http://www.nytimes.com/2006/04/21/arts/design/21holo.html?_r=1&oref=slogin | type = exhibition review | title = The Antisemitic Hoax That Refuses to Die | first = Edward | last = Rothstein | author-link = 愛德華·羅斯坦 | newspaper = The New York Times | date = April 21, 2006 | accessdate = 2015-08-03 | archive-date = 2016-03-22 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160322043036/http://www.nytimes.com/2006/04/21/arts/design/21holo.html?_r=1&oref=slogin .- Citation | url = http://forward.com/articles/103587/ | title = Elders of Zion to Retire | first = Anthony | last = Weiss | type = Purim spoof article | newspaper = The Jewish Daily Forward | date = March 4, 2009 | accessdate = 2015-08-03 | archive-date = 2011-10-09 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20111009161556/http://forward.com/articles/103587/ .-  date = August 13, 2006 .- Citation | url = http://www.freemasonry.bcy.ca/texts/protocols.html | title = History of the Protocols of the Learned Elders of Zion | publisher = Freemasonry | place = BCY, CA | accessdate = 2015-08-03 | archive-date = 2021-03-30 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210330075940/https://www.freemasonry.bcy.ca/texts/protocols.html .- Citation | contribution-url = http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/480269/Protocols-of-the-Learned-Elders-of-Zion | contribution = Protocols of the Learned Elders of Zion | title = Encyclopaedia Britannica | accessdate = 2015-08-03 | archive-date = 2015-05-22 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150522174435/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/480269/Protocols-of-the-Learned-Elders-of-Zion .