瑪雅潘

瑪雅潘
瑪雅潘（猶加敦馬雅語：Màayapáan；西班牙語：Mayapán），是中美洲古代瑪雅文明後期中心之一，位於墨西哥尤卡坦半島境內，奇琴伊察以西100公里，座標：北緯20°37′46″，西經89°27′38″。
1221年左右，瑪雅人發動起義，推翻了奇琴伊察的統治。不久，各個城邦首領召開會議，商議重新建立一個政治中心，將其命名為“瑪雅潘”，意為“瑪雅人的標準”。科科姆家族（Cocom）首領被選為瑪雅之王，但是其他貴族家族亦派出成員參與政府。
1441年，Tutul-Xiu的首領舒潘（Ah Xiu Xupan）領導了反抗科科姆家族的起義，攻佔瑪雅潘。最終科科姆家族遭到滅族，只有一人因為貿易去了洪都拉斯而倖存下來，瑪雅潘被洗劫、焚毀並廢棄，其他區內大城市都走向衰落，而尤卡坦半島就陷入了多國混戰。
1950年代，卡內基基金會資助了一次對瑪雅潘的大規模考察，發現了一系列遺蹟，推斷出其規模大約在1萬至1萬5千居民左右。

**相關條目**
馬雅文明
*List of Maya sites

**參考文獻**
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*Milbrath, Susan., Carlos Peraza Lope
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*Pugh, Timothy W.
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**外部連結**
  - Mayapan Archaeology date=2013-04-15 -  Mayapan Photo Essay date=20140120091635