約翰·威廉·沃特豪斯

約翰·威廉·沃特豪斯（John William Waterhouse，2月10日），英國新古典主義與前拉斐爾派畫家。以其用鮮明色彩和神秘的畫風描繪古典神話與傳說中的女性人物而聞名於世。

**生平**
沃特豪斯出生在教皇國羅馬（今屬意大利），1849年4月6日受洗，出生日期不明，據信可能為1月1日至23日間。小時候他取了一個意大利語外號叫“尼諾”（Nino）。父母亦為英格蘭畫家，原為了追求藝術理想而居住於意大利，後來沃特豪斯五歲時隨父母返回英國。
沃特豪斯早年在父親的美術工作室學繪畫與雕塑，1870年進入倫敦皇家藝術學院。他初期作品已顯現出他後半生畫古典題材的一貫作風，在皇家藝術學院，英國藝術家協會等藝術展覽頗受歡迎。1874年他以一幅《睡眠和他的異母／異父兄弟死亡》參與皇家藝術學院的夏季展覽會獲得好評，以後他的作品每年參加皇家藝術學院的展覽會。
1883年他與一位美術學校校長的女兒結婚，後生兩孩子，都死於難產。他妻子也是曾經在皇家藝術學院的展覽會上有參展作品的畫家。繪畫之餘沃特豪斯從事美術教學工作，任過皇家藝術學院委員會委員，而加入各種藝術協會。他1917年死於癌症，因此自1915年開始繪製的奧菲莉亞系列作品也沒能完成。死後他葬於倫敦的肯薩爾綠野公墓。

**作品**
他一共創作了118幅畫。

**1870年代**
Image:Ondine (Waterhouse).jpg|Undine1872
Image:Gone_But_Not_Forgotten_-_John_William_Waterhouse.jpg|Gone, But Not Forgotten1873
Image:John William Waterhouse- The Unwelcome Companion - a Street Scene in Cairo.JPG|The Unwelcome Companion--A Street Scene in Cairo1873
Image:La_Fileuse_-_John_William_Waterhouse.jpg|La Fileuse1874
Image:Peristyle.jpg|In the Peristyle1874
Image:Miranda - John William Waterhouse.jpg|Miranda1875
Image:John William Waterhouse - A Sick Child brought into the Temple of Aesculapius (1877).jpg|A Sick Child brought into the Temple of Aesculapius1877
Image:John William Waterhouse - The Remorse of the Emperor Nero after the Murder of his Mother.JPG|The Remorse of the Emperor Nero after the Murder of his Mother1878

**1880年代**
Image:John William Waterhouse - Dolce Far Niente (1880).jpg|Dolce far Niente1880
Image:Waterhouse-Diogenes.jpg|Diogenes1882
Image:John William Waterhouse - The Favorites of the Emperor Honorius - 1883.jpg|The Favorites of the Emperor Honorius1883
File:John William Waterhouse - Consulting the Oracle - Christie's.jpg|Consulting the Oracle1884
Image:John William Waterhouse - Saint Eulalia - 1885.jpg|Saint Eulalia1885
Image:John William Waterhouse - Magic Circle.JPG|Magic Circle1886
Image:John William Waterhouse-Mariamne Leaving the Judgement Seat of Herod-1887.jpg|Mariamne Leaving the Judgement Seat of Herod1887
Image:John William Waterhouse - The Lady of Shalott - Google Art Project edit.jpg|The Lady of Shalott1888
Image:Cleopatra - John William Waterhouse.jpg|Cleopatra1888
Image:JWW Ophelia 1889.jpg|Ophelia1889

**1890年代**
File:A Roman Offering - JWW.jpg|A Roman Offering1890
File:Circe Offering the Cup to Odysseus.jpg|Circe Offering the Cup to Odysseus1891
File:WATERHOUSE - Ulises y las Sirenas (National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne, 1891. Óleo sobre lienzo, 100.6 x 202 cm).jpg|Ulysses and the Sirens1891
File:JohnWilliamWaterhouse-Danaë(1892).jpg|Danaë1892
File:Circe Invidiosa - John William Waterhouse.jpg|Circe Invidiosa1892
File:Naiad1.jpg|A Naiad or Hylas with a Nymph1893
File:John William Waterhouse - La Belle Dame sans Merci (1893).jpg|La Belle Dame sans Merci1893
File:A Female Study - John William Waterhouse.jpg|A Female Study1894
File:The Lady of Shalott Looking at Lancelot.jpg|The Lady of Shalott Looking at Lancelot1894
File:Ophelia 1894.jpg|Ophelia1894
File:John William Waterhouse - The Shrine.JPG|The Shrine1895
File:Waterhouse, John William - Saint Cecilia - 1895.jpg|Saint Cecilia1895
File:Pandora - John William Waterhouse.jpg|Pandora1896
File:John William Waterhouse - Hylas and the Nymphs (1896).jpg|海拉斯和寧芙水仙們    1896
File:John William Waterhouse - Juliet (1898).jpg|Juliet1898

**1900年代**
Image:The Siren.jpg|The Siren circa 1900
Image:Destiny - John William Waterhouse.jpg|Destiny1900
Image:The Lady Clare.jpg|The Lady Clare1900
Image:Nymphs finding the Head of Orpheus.jpg|Nymphs Finding the Head of Orpheus1900
Image:John William Waterhouse A Mermaid.jpg|The Mermaid1900
Image:John William Waterhouse - The Crystal Ball.JPG|The Crystal Ball1902
Image:John William Waterhouse - The Missal.JPG|The Missal1902
Image:Windswept by John William Waterhouse.jpg|Windflowers1902
Image:John William Waterhouse - Boreas (1903).jpg|Boreas1903
Image:Echo and Narcissus.jpg|《厄科與那耳喀索斯》1903
Image:Psyche-Waterhouse.jpg|Psyche Opening the Golden Box1903
Image:Psyche Opening the Door into Cupid's Garden.jpg|Psyche Opening the Door into Cupid's Garden1904
Image:Lamia and the Soldier.jpg|Lamia(version 1)1905
Image:Jason and Medea - John William Waterhouse.jpg|Jason and Medea1907
Image:The Bouquet (study).jpg|The Bouquet(a study)1908
Image:Gather Ye Rosebuds - Ophelia.jpg|Gather Ye Rosebuds or Ophelia (a study)circa 1908
Image:Gather Ye Rosebuds While Ye May.jpg|Gather Ye Rosebuds While Ye May...1908
Image:John William Waterhouse - The Soul of the Rose, aka My Sweet Rose.JPG|The Soul of the Rose or My Sweet Rose1908
Image:Waterhouse-gather ye rosebuds-1909.jpg|Gather Ye Rosebuds While Ye May1909
Image:Lamia Waterhouse.jpg|Lamia(version 2)1909
Image:Thisbe - John William Waterhouse.jpg|Thisbe1909

**1910年代**
Image:Ophelia 1910.jpg|Ophelia1910
Image:John William Waterhouse - Spring Spreads One Green Lap of Flowers.JPG|Spring Spreads One Green Lap of Flowers1910
Image:John William Waterhouse - The Charmer.JPG|The Charmer1911
Image:JohnWilliamWaterhouse-PenelopeandtheSuitors(1912).jpg|Penelope and the Suitors1912
Image:John William Waterhouse - The Annunciation.JPG|The Annunciation1914
Image:John William Waterhouse - Dante and Matilda.jpg|Dante and Matilda1914-17
Image:John William Waterhouse - Matilda (formerly called "Beatrice").jpg|Matilda Circa 1915
Image:John William Waterhouse - I am half-sick of shadows, said the lady of shalott.JPG|I am half-sick of shadows, said the Lady of Shalott1916
Image:Waterhouse decameron.jpg|A Tale from the Decameron1916
Image:Miranda - The Tempest JWW.jpg|Miranda -- The Tempest1916
Image:John william waterhouse tristan and isolde with the potion.jpg|Tristan and Isolde1916

**參考文獻**

**延伸閱讀**
 dead-url=no- publisher= Gründ- dead-url=no- doi=10.1111/j.1467-8357.2010.01104.x- isbn=978-0-8478-0324-8- citation|last=Moyle|first=Franny|title=Pre-Raphaelite art: the paintings that obsessed the Victorians print version: Sex and death: The paintings that obsessed the Victorians|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/art/art-features/5497198/Pre-Raphaelite-art-the-paintings-that-obsessed-the-Victorians.html|newspaper=The Daily Telegraph (Review)|date=13 June 2009|pages=R2–R3|accessdate=2022-07-27|archive-date=2020-10-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020180731/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/art/art-features/5497198/Pre-Raphaelite-art-the-paintings-that-obsessed-the-Victorians.html|dead-url=no.- dead-url=no.- dead-url=no

**外部鏈接**
 John William Waterhouse.net date=20100529093136  - John William Waterhouse (The Art and Life of JW Waterhouse); date=20200214050126 - John William Waterhouse (Comprehensive Painting Gallery) date=20120123082856 - John William Waterhouse (1849-1917) date=20210424005812 - John William Waterhouse Style and Technique date=20200902204504 - Waterhouse at Tate Britain date=20110110140202 - Echo and Narcissus (1903)- Ten Dreams Galleries date=20120204193311 - John William Waterhouse in the "History of Art" date=20201127013705 -  John William Waterhouse date=20200214050126  專門介紹畫家的網站-  奇幻藝術網站，內有多幅沃特豪斯的畫作與評論 date=20171216001254