弗朗克·韋爾切克

弗蘭克·維爾切克。
弗蘭克·安東尼·維爾切克（Frank Anthony Wilczek，catIdx=W），美國理論物理學家，現任麻省理工學院物理系教授。西屋科學獎獲得者，大學畢業於芝加哥大學。在普林斯頓大學讀博士期間，他和他的導師戴維·格婁斯發現了量子色動力學中的漸近自由，他們因此獲得了2004年諾貝爾物理學獎。他在粒子物理學和凝聚體物理學都有所建樹。

**生平**
弗蘭克·維爾切克。
維爾切克出生於紐約州米里奧拉，他的祖先來自波蘭和意大利。他在昆斯區上中小學。1970年他在芝加哥大學獲得數學學士學位。1972年他在普林斯頓大學獲得數學碩士學位，1974年物理學博士學位。他在麻省理工學院理論物理學中心任教授。此前他曾經在普林斯頓高等研究院和凱維裡理論物理研究所工作過。
1973年7月3日維爾切克結婚，兩人有兩個孩子。
弗朗克·韋爾切克出任李政道研究所所長並於2021年11月中旬當選中國科學院外籍院士。

**研究**
1973年維爾切克在普林斯頓大學作為戴維·格婁斯的博士生時發現了漸進自由，即夸克之間的距離越近，其強相互作用越弱，假如兩個夸克之間的距離極其近的話，那麼它們之間的核力是如此之弱，以至於它們可以被看作是自由粒子。這個理論（休·波利策與維爾切克獨立地發現了這個理論）對於量子色動力學的發展是極其重要的。
維爾切克參與了軸子、任意子、漸進自由、夸克物質的色超導性和量子場論的其它理論的發展。他的工作範圍異常廣泛，包括了凝聚體物理學、天體物理學和粒子物理學。
他目前的研究內容包括：
*“純”粒子物理學：理論與可觀察的現象之間的聯繫
*物質的特性：極高溫度、密度和相態結構
*粒子物理學在宇宙學中的應用
*場論技術在凝聚體理論中的應用
*黑洞的量子場論。

**參考文獻**

**著作**
2008. The Lightness of Being: Mass, Ether, and the Unification of Forces. Basic Books. ISBN 978-0-465-00321-1.
*2007. La musica del vuoto. Roma: Di Renzo Editore.
*2006. Fantastic Realities: 49 Mind Journeys And a Trip to Stockholm. World Scientific. ISBN 978-981-256-655-3.
*2002, "On the world's numerical recipe (an ode to physics)," Daedalus 131(1): 142-47.
*1989 (with Betsy Devine). Longing for the Harmonies: Themes and Variations from Modern Physics. W W Norton. ISBN 978-0-393-30596-8.
*1988. Geometric Phases in Physics.
*1990. Fractional Statistics and Anyon Superconductivity.- cite journal | last=Wilczek | first=F. | coauthors=Gross, D.J. | title=Asymptotically Free Gauge Theories. I | year=1973 | journal=Physical Review D | volume=8 | issue=10 | page=3633 | doi=10.1103/PhysRevD.8.3633 |osti=4312175|bibcode = 1973PhRvD...8.3633G - cite journal | last=Wilczek | first=F. | coauthors=Gross, D.J. | title=Ultraviolet Behavior of non-Abelian Gauge Theories | year=1973 | journal=Physical Review Letters | volume=30 | issue=26 | page=1343 | doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.30.1343 | bibcode=1973PhRvL..30.1343G
*Cite document |author=Wilczek, F., Zee, A. & S. B. Treiman |title=Scaling Deviations for Neutrino Reactions in Aysmptotically Free Field Theories |publisher=Joseph Henry Laboratories |date=1974 |osti=4256152 |doi=10.2172/4256152 
*cite journal |author=Wilczek, F., Zee, A., Kingsley, R. L. & S. B. Treiman. |title=Weak Interaction Models with New Quarks and Right-handed Currents |journal=Physical Review D |volume=12 |issue=9 |pages=2768–2780 |year=1975 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevD.12.2768 |osti=4082874|bibcode = 1975PhRvD..12.2768W - cite journal | last=Wilczek | first=F. | title=Problem of Strong P and T Invariance in the Presence of Instantons | pages=279–282 | journal=Physical Review Letters | volume=40 | issue=5 | year=1978 | doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.40.279 | bibcode=1978PhRvL..40..279W- cite journal | last=Wilczek | first=F. | title=Quantum Mechanics of Fractional Spin Particles | year=1982  
journal=Physical Review Letters | volume=49  
bibcode=1982PhRvL..49..957W
*cite journal |author=Wilczek, F. & M. S. Turner |title=Inflationary Axion Cosmology  
journal=Physical Review Letters |volume=66 |issue=1 |pages=5–8 |year=1990 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.66.5 |osti=6099352 |bibcode=1991PhRvL..66....5T- cite journal | last=Wilczek | first=F. | coauthors=Alford, M.G.; Rajagopal, K. | title=QCD at finite baryon density: Nucleon droplets and color superconductivity | journal=Physics Letters B | issue=422 | pages=247–256| year=1998  
volume=422 - cite journal | last=Wilczek | first=F. | title=Riemann-Einstein structure from volume and gauge symmetry | journal=Physical Review Letters | year=1998 | volume=80 | issue=22 | pages=4851–4854  
bibcode=1998PhRvL..80.4851W- cite journal | doi=10.1016/S0550-3213(98)00111-4 | last=Wilczek | first=F. | coauthors=Fradkin, E.H.; Nayak, C,; Tsvelik, A | title=A Chern-Simons effective field theory for the Pfaffian quantum Hall state | journal=Nuclear Physics B | year=1998 | volume=516 | issue=3 | pages=704–718 | arxiv=cond-mat/9711087|bibcode = 1998NuPhB.516..704F - cite journal | last=Wilczek | first=F. | coauthors=Alford, M.G.; Rajagopal, K. | title=Color-flavor locking and chiral symmetry breaking in high density QCD | journal=Nuclear Physics B | volume=537 | pages=443–458 | year=1999 | arxiv=hep-ph/9804403 | doi=10.1016/S0550-3213(98)00668-3 | bibcode=1999NuPhB.537..443A- cite journal | last=Wilczek | first=F. | title=Quantum field theory | journal=Reviews of Modern Physics | year=1999 | issue=71 | pages=S85–S95 | arxiv=hep-th/9803075 | doi=10.1103/RevModPhys.71.S85 | volume=71 | bibcode=1999RvMPS..71...85W- cite journal | last=Wilczek | first=F. | coauthors=T. Schafer and | title=Continuity of quark and hadron matter | journal=Physical Review Letters | year=1999 | issue=82 | pages=3956–3959| arxiv=hep-ph/9811473|bibcode = 1999PhRvL..82.3956S |doi = 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.3956 | volume=82 - cite journal | doi=10.1016/S0550-3213(99)00589-1 | last=Wilczek | first=F. | coauthors=Babu, K.S.; Pati, J.C. | title=Fermion masses, neutrino oscillations, and proton decay in the light of SuperKamiokande | journal=Nuclear Physics B | year=2000 | volume=566 | pages=33–91 | arxiv=hep-ph/9812538 | bibcode=1998hep.ph...12538B 

**外部鏈接**
 2004年諾貝爾物理獎介紹─漸近自由 date=20160304185713 -  Biography and Bibliographic Resources date=20120915204455 , from the Office of Scientific and Technical Information, United States Department of Energy-  Longer biography at Lifeboat Foundation website-  Frank Wilczek explains Einstein's massive contributions to science-  Papers in ArXiv date=20170508221158 -  Frank Wilczek discusses his book "The Lightness of Being" on the 7th Avenue Project Radio Show date=20110707065928 -  The World's Numerical Recipe-  Scientific articlesfix-attempted=yes  by Wilczek in the SLAC database-  Wilczek on anyons and superconductivity-  Blog of the Wilczek family's Nobel adventures date=20110930193306 - Freeman Dyson, " Leaping into the Grand Unknown: Review of The Lightness of Being," The New York Review of Books 56(6), April 9, 2009.-  ForaTV: The Large Hadron Collider and Unified Field Theory-  A radio interview with Frank Wilczeck date=20120422082251  Aired on the Lewis Burke Frumkes Radio Show the 10th of April 2011.-  A television interview with Frank Wilczek date=20121119225806  from February 2011 for Cambridge University Television