罗伯特·库佛

罗伯特·库佛（Robert Coover，catIdx=C）是一位撰写长短篇小说的美国作家，布朗大学的文艺系荣誉教授。一般将他的文风归类为奇幻虚构（fabulation）及后设（metafiction）小说。

**经历与工作**
库佛于爱荷华州查尔斯市出生。大学就读于南伊利诺大学卡尔德本校区，并于1953年于印第安那大学取得文学士学位，主修斯拉夫语，之后则进入美国海军服役。库佛于1965年取得芝加哥大学人文社会硕士学位，并于1968年间连署签立了「编作者反对课征战争税」声明，拒绝为越战而缴纳战争税。库佛曾执教于居所地附近的多所大学，并于1981年至2012年间在布朗大学任教。
库佛的妻子皮拉勒（Pilar Sans Coover）是一位著名的十字绣艺术家。库佛夫妻育有3名子女，女儿莎拉·考德威尔也是作家、剧本家及制片人。
库费的第1部小说是「布鲁内斯的起源」（The Origin of Brunists，在小说中矿灾的唯一幸存者开始从事一种莫名的宗教仪式。他的第2本小说是「环球棒球企业-J.亨利沃，命题」（The Universal Baseball Association, Inc., J. Henry Waugh, Prop.），是在描述一个身为创造者的角色。沃，一位个性害羞、不善交际的会计的虚构人物，创立了1场棒球比赛，在比赛中每次攻守都是由丢骰子来决定，并幻想球员们都会依照丢骰子的结果作出相应的行为。
库佛最知名的作品是「公众的怒火」（The Public Burning），内容叙述罗森堡夫妇案，使用的文体之后被称为「魔幻现实主义」。此部小说有一半的内容是着重于描写神话英雄「山姆大叔」所为荒诞不经的故事，以及如何与对手「神奇幻象」相处，后者其实是譬喻国际共产主义。其他章节则在描写总统尼克森在众口铄金之中努力探求到底发生了什么事情。
库佛之后撰写了中篇小说「不管愁眉苦脸的芝加哥小熊队发生了什么事」（Whatever Happened to Gloomy Gus of the Chicago Bears），让读者看到了另一个一边狂热于追求现实世界政治上的成功、一边也同样热中于性及美式足球的尼克森总统。而库佛的文选集「一个看电影的夜晚」（A Night at the Movies）中收入了「你得记住」（You Must Remember This）这篇小说，内容是关于电影「北非谍影」，特色在于清楚的描述了当摄影机没有照到男女主角Rick和IIsa的时候，他们作了何事。至于小说「皮诺邱在威尼斯」（Pinocchio in Venice）则又回到了以神话为主题的内容。
库佛在讲台上示范操作软体「CaveWriting」
库佛是电子文学组织（Electronic Literature Organization）的发起人之一。1987年时，库佛获颁Rea短篇小说奖（Rea Award for the Short Story）。

**获奖记录**
 1967年以「布鲁内斯的起源」获颁威廉·福克纳基金会奖（William Faulkner Foundation Award），奖项为瞩目新进作品。- 1987年获颁Rea短篇小说奖。

**参见**
 电子文学（Electronic literature）

**部分作品**

**小说**
 The Origin of the Brunists (1966)- The Universal Baseball Association, Inc., J. Henry Waugh, Prop. (1968)- The Public Burning (1977)- Gerald's Party (1986)- Pinocchio in Venice (1991)- John's Wife (1996)- Ghost Town (1998)- The Adventures of Lucky Pierre: Director's Cut (2002)- Noir (2010)- The Brunist Day of Wrath (2014)- Huck Out West (2017)

**短篇小说、中篇小说、戏剧与文集**
 Pricksongs & Descants (1969) (collection)- "The Babysitter," inspiration for The Babysitter (1969) (short story)- A Theological Position (1972) (plays)- A Political Fable (1980) (novella)
** Originally published as a short story "The Cat in the Hat for President" in New American Review, 1968.- Spanking the Maid (1982) (novella)- In Bed One Night & Other Brief Encounters (1983) (collection)- Whatever Happened to Gloomy Gus of the Chicago Bears (1987) (novella)- A Night at the Movies or, You Must Remember This (1987) (themed anthology)- Dr. Chen's Amazing Adventure (1991) (novella)- Briar Rose (1996) (novella)- The Grand Hotels (of Joseph Cornell) (2002) (novella)- Stepmother (2004) (novella)- A Child Again (2005) (collection)- Going for a Beer (February 2018)(collection)- cite magazine|title=The Case of the Severed Hand|url=http://harpers.org/archive/2008/07/the-case-of-the-severed-hand/|date=July 2008|issue=1898|volume=317|pages=74–80|magazine=Harper's Magazine|journal=|access-date=2017-11-01|archive-date=2020-08-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809204047/https://harpers.org/archive/2008/07/the-case-of-the-severed-hand/- 重印于《Noir》。- cite magazine|title=White-bread Jesus|url=http://harpers.org/archive/2008/12/white-bread-jesus/|date=December 2008|issue=1903|volume=317|pages=79–88|magazine=Harper's Magazine|journal=|access-date=2017-11-01|archive-date=2021-01-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210125083728/https://harpers.org/archive/2008/12/white-bread-jesus/- Reprinted in The Brunist Day of Wrath, Chapter I.2- cite magazine|title=An Encounter|url=http://fortnightlyreview.co.uk/2010/10/an-encounter/|date=October 2010|magazine=Fortnightly Review|journal=|access-date=2017-11-01|archive-date=2020-12-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201216153558/https://fortnightlyreview.co.uk/2010/10/an-encounter/- cite magazine|title=The Old Man|url=http://fortnightlyreview.co.uk/2011/02/the-old-man/|date=February 2011|magazine=Fortnightly Review|journal=|access-date=2017-11-01|archive-date=2020-12-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201216083028/https://fortnightlyreview.co.uk/2011/02/the-old-man/- cite web|url=http://www.newyorker.com/fiction/features/2011/03/14/110314fi_fiction_coover|title=Going for a beer|date=March 14, 2011|publisher=The New Yorker|access-date=2017-11-01|archive-date=2014-06-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140606005858/http://www.newyorker.com/fiction/features/2011/03/14/110314fi_fiction_coover- cite web|url=http://www.newyorker.com/fiction/features/2011/07/25/110725fi_fiction_coover|title=Matinée|date=July 25, 2011|publisher=The New Yorker|access-date=2017-11-01|archive-date=2013-06-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130612022711/http://www.newyorker.com/fiction/features/2011/07/25/110725fi_fiction_coover- cite web|url=http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2013/09/02/the-colonels-daughter|title=The Colonel's Daughter|date=September 2, 2013|publisher=The New Yorker|access-date=2017-11-01|archive-date=2021-02-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226163501/https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2013/09/02/the-colonels-daughter- cite web|url=http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2014/01/27/the-frog-prince|title=The Frog Prince|date=January 27, 2014|publisher=The New Yorker|access-date=2017-11-01|archive-date=2021-01-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210117102734/https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2014/01/27/the-frog-prince- cite web|url=http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2014/05/19/the-waitress|title=The Waitress|date=May 19, 2014|publisher=The New Yorker|access-date=2017-11-01|archive-date=2021-02-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226172303/https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2014/05/19/the-waitress- cite web|url=http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2015/01/12/crabapple-tree|title=The Crabapple Tree|date=January 12, 2015|publisher=The New Yorker|access-date=2017-11-01|archive-date=2020-11-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108124606/https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2015/01/12/crabapple-tree- cite web|url=http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2016/11/28/the-hanging-of-the-schoolmarm|title=The Hanging of the Schoolmarm|date=November 28, 2016|publisher=The New Yorker|access-date=2017-11-01|archive-date=2020-11-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108114411/https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2016/11/28/the-hanging-of-the-schoolmarm

**散文**
 Cite web|url=http://www.nytimes.com/books/98/09/27/specials/coover-end|title=The End of Books|date=June 21, 1992|publisher=The New York Times (essay)

**参考文献**

**外部连结**
  Faculty Home Page at Brown University date=20201130054410 - archivedate=2011-07-21– Interview- id=0178518-  The End of Books date=20170210234752 - archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160905192135/https://vimeo.com/1765099– Novelist Robert Coover's keynote address at the Electronic Literature in Europe seminar (elitineurope.net), September 13, 2008. Introduced by Scott Rettberg. Videography by Martin Arvebro.- archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301001152/https://radioopensource.org/in-the-obama-moment-robert-coover/ Radio Interview- Bookworm Interviews (Audio) with Michael Silverblatt:  December 2005,  December 2005 date=20160304081330