裂螺科

裂螺总科（学名：Fissurelloidea，亦作裂裙螺总科或透孔螺总科），其下只有裂螺科（学名：Fissurellidae Fleming, 1822，亦作裂裙螺科、钥孔䗩科page3=18或透孔螺科shell_3375），是古腹足类支序之下的一个海洋腹足纲软体动物的科。本总科的物种因其锥状螺壳的螺尖上有一个小孔，是海螺的一个特化体。由于整个螺壳的外形就像一条裂开了一条缝的裙摆那样，所以被称为裂裙螺。
根据2005年《布歇特和洛克罗伊的腹足类分类》基本上包括了各种笠螺，覆盖了原来原始腹足目的大多数物种。

**分布**
本科物种的分布是世界性的，从冰冷的寒带到热带都有其物种存在。

**习性**
本科物种一般居住在潮间带下部深水区的岩面或岩底。

**分类**
本科的属一般可以按四个不同的亚科来分类，分别如下：- 天盖螺亚科 Diodorinae Odhner, 1932
** Cosmetalepas Iredale, 1924
** 天盖螺属 Diodora J. E. Gray, 1821
** Lucapina G. B. Sowerby I, 1835：分布于西非大西洋东岸的佛德角
** Megathura Pilsbry, 1890
** Monodilepas Finlay, 1927- 边罅螺亚科 Emarginulinae
**Genus Clypidina Gray, 1847 	 
** 边罅螺属 Emarginula Lamarck, 1801：又名鳞䗩属shelldoc_000027
**Genus Fissurisepta Sequenza, 1863
**Genus Laeviemarginula Habe In Kuroda, 1953 	 
**Genus Nesta H. Adams, 1870
**Genus Notomella Cotton, 1957
**天窗䗩属 Puncturella R. T. Lowe, 1827page1=23
**Genus Scutus Montfort, 1810
**土加䗩属 Tugali Gray In Dieffenbach, 1843page1=23
**Genus Zeidora A. Adams, 1860
*Subfamily Fissurellidinae
*Subfamily Fissurellinae
但由于现时基于分子分类学的文献不断更新，现时普遍不区分亚科现详列全部的属。以下为现时属于本科的属：- Altrix Palmer, 1942- Amblychilepas Pilsbry, 1890- Buchanania Lesson, 1830- Clathrosepta McLean & Geiger, 1998- Clypidina Gray, 1847- Cornisepta McLean & Geiger, 1998- Dendrofissurella Mclean and Kilburn, 1986
**平伞裂裙螺（Diodora cf. mus (Reeve)）：又名黑斑透孔螺- 榖米螺属 Dentimargo- 边罅螺属 Emarginula Lamarck, 1801- Fissurella Bruguière, 1789- Fissurellidea d'Orbigny, 1841- Fissurisepta Seguenza, 1863- Hemimarginula McLean, 2011- Hemitoma Swainson, 1840- Laeviemarginula Habe In Kuroda, 1953- Laevinesta Pilsbry and McGinty, 1952- Leurolepas J. H. McLean, 1970- Lucapinella Pilsbry, 1890- Macroschisma Sowerby, 1839- Manganesepta McLean & Geiger, 1998- Medusafissurella Mclean and Kilburn, 1986- Montfortia Récluz, 1843- 凸螺属 Montfortista Iredale, 1929- Montfortula Iredale, 1915- Montfortulana Habe, 1961- Nesta Adams, 1870- Octomarginula McLean, 2011- Parmaphorella Strebel, 1907- Profundisepta McLean & Geiger, 1998- 天窗䗩属 Puncturella R. T. Lowe, 1827page1=23- Pupillaea Gray In Sowerby, 1835- Rimula DeFrance, 1827- Scelidotoma Choe, Yoon and Habe, 1992- 笠罅螺属 Scutus Montfort, 1810- Stromboli Berry, 1954- 土加䗩属 Tugali Gray In Dieffenbach, 1843- Tugalina Habe, 1953- Variemarginula McLean, 2011- Zeidora A. Adams, 1860
异名：- Austroglyphis Cotton & Godfrey, 1934: synonym of Diodora J. E. Gray, 1821- Aviscutum Iredale, 1940: synonym of Scutus Montfort, 1810- Capiluna Gray, 1857: synonym of Diodora J. E. Gray, 1821- 孔螺属 Cranopsis A. Adams, 1860：今作 天窗䗩属 Puncturella R. T. Lowe, 1827- Cemoria Risso, 1826 ex Leach MS: synonym of Puncturella Lowe, 1827-  Cremoria Gray, 1842: synonym of Puncturella Lowe, 1827- Elegidion Iredale, 1924: synonym of Diodora J. E. Gray, 1821- 边罅螺属 Emarginella Pilsbry, 1890: synonym of Emarginula Lamarck, 1801- Entomella Cotton, 1945: synonym of Emarginula Lamarck, 1801- Fissuridea Swainson, 1840: synonym of Diodora J. E. Gray, 1821- Glyphis Carpenter, 1857: synonym of Diodora J. E. Gray, 1821- Legrandia Beddome, 1883: synonym of Zeidora A. Adams, 1860- Megatebennus Pilsbry, 1890: synonym of Fissurellidea d'Orbigny, 1839- Nannoscutum Iredale, 1937: synonym of Scutus Montfort, 1810- Nesta H. Adams, 1870: synonym of Zeidora A. Adams, 1860- Notomella Cotton, 1957: synonym of Emarginula Lamarck, 1801- Parmophoridea Wenz, 1938: synonym of Parmaphorella Strebel, 1907- Parmophorus Blainville, 1817: synonym of Scutus Montfort, 1810- Plagiorhytis P. Fischer, 1885: synonym of Montfortula Iredale, 1915- Scutum P. Fischer, 1885: synonym of Scutus Montfort, 1810- Semperia Crosse, 1867: synonym of Emarginula Lamarck, 1801-  Sipho T. Brown, 1827: synonym of Puncturella Lowe, 1827- Siphonella Issel, 1869: synonym of Montfortista Iredale, 1929- Subemarginula Gray, 1847: synonym of Hemitoma Swainson, 1840-  Subzeidora Iredale, 1924: synonym of Emarginula (Subzeidora) Iredale, 1924 - Tugalia Gray, 1857: synonym of Tugali Gray, 1843- Vacerra Iredale, 1924: synonym of Puncturella Lowe, 1827- Zidora P. Fischer, 1885: synonym of Zeidora A. Adams, 1860

**参考文献**

**延伸阅读**
 Sowerby, G.B. Jr. (1862). Monograph of the family Fissurellidae. Reprinted edition (1982). Thesaurus conchyliorum, or monographs of genera of shells. Luis Pisani Burnay: Lisboa, Portugal. 183-206, 9 col. Plates pp.

**外部连结**
  Archerd Shell Collection : Fissurellidae- accessdate=2010-06-22- dead-url=no- Aktipis S.W., Boehm E. & Giribet G. (2011) Another step towards understanding the slit-limpets (Fissurellidae, Fissurelloidea, Vetigastropoda, Gastropoda): a combined five-gene molecular phylogeny. Zoologica Scripta 40: 238-259.