单倍群O-M122

单倍群O-M122（Haplogroup O-M122）是人类Y染色体DNA单倍群之一，现称O2（旧称O3）， 是单倍群O-M175的下游单倍群之一。

**起源与分布**
单倍群O-M122于2万5千年至3万年前首次出现于东亚南部。该单倍群目前主要分布于东亚、玻里尼西亚、东南亚、中亚、南亚等。O-M122的主要下游单倍群包括（以下均采用ISOGG 2017版命名）:O2a2a-M188、O2a1b-IMS-JST002611、O2a2b1a1-M117、O2a2b1a2-F114、O2a2b2-AM01822、O2b-F742等。O2a2a-M188主要分布在中国偏南部、东南亚等，O2a2a1a1b2b2-MF114497主要分布在在朝鲜半岛、日本列岛等地，O2a1b-IMS-JST002611、O2a2b1a1-M117、O2a2b1a2-F114是汉族主要的单倍群之一，也常见于如朝鲜族、满族、赫哲族、锡伯族、漠南蒙古、土族等东亚民族，M117也常见于藏缅语族人群，例如缅族、彝族与藏族等，F114下游的O2a2b1a2a1a3b2a1b-Y22297在哈萨克族乃蛮部中高频分布，O2a2b2-AM01822主要分布在中国华北偏东部、波利尼西亚、菲律宾等地，O2b-F742主要分布于中国东部沿海省份等地。

**在人群中的比重**
}
P201=146M324(xP201)=76M122(xM324)=2
藏族(云南香格里拉县)
0.440
50
2004
M122
苗族
2009
 
彝族
2004
 
拉祜族
2009
 
Bit (Laos)
0.429
28
2011
M122
满族 (东北)
0.426
101
2005
M122=43
韩民族 (首尔)
0.422
573
2012
M122
韩民族 (大德区)
0.414
133
2012
M122
Hmong Daw (寮国)
0.412
51
2011
M122
越南人
2001
 
傣族
2005
 
东干族 (吉尔吉斯)
0.40
40
2001
M122
藏族
0.400
35
2006
M117=13M134(xM117)=1
中国朝鲜族
0.400
25
2006
M122(xM159, M7, M134)=6M117=4
掸族(泰国北部)
0.400
20
2017
M117=7M7=1
中部泰族
0.395
129
2019
F8/F42*=17M7=11JST002611=10F474/F317=4F323/F46=4M159=2F2055/CTS445=1F2137=1F837=1
韩民族 (南韩)
0.395
43
2006
M122(xM159, M7, M134)=7M134(xM117)=5M117=5
越南人
2009
 
北部泰族
0.390
205
2017
O-M117=46O-M7=17O-M324(xM7, M134)=16O-M122(xM324)=1
孟族(泰国北部)
0.389
18
2017
M117=4M324(xM7, M134)=3
布朗族 (云南)
0.385
52
2011
M122
北部泰族(Khon Mueang & Tai Yuan)
0.384
86
2019
F8/F42=24M7=7JST002611=1F999/F717=1
满族
2001
 
菲律宾人(他加禄)
0.380
50
2004
M122
越南哈尼族
0.375
24
2014
M7=3M134(xM133)=3M133=1JST002611=1M159=1
Manchu
0.371
35
2006
M122(xM159, M7, M134)=6M117=5M134(xM117)=2
汉族 (兰州)
0.367
30
2006
M122(xM159, M7, M134)=6M117=3M134(xM117)=2
拉祜族
2004
 
羌族
0.364
33
2006
M134(xM117)=4M117=3M122(xM159, M7, M134)=3M7=2
缅族 (缅甸)
0.361
72
date=May 2023
Page23=26
印尼婆罗洲
0.360
86
2010
M122
韩民族
0.356
45
2001
M122
巴哼语 (广西瑶族)
0.355
31
2011
M122
菲律宾人
0.354
48
2010
M122
西部裕固语(甘肃突厥)
2008
 
泰族(清迈 & 坤敬府)
0.353
34
20092004
M122
傣允族(泰国北部)
0.346
26
2017
M324(xM7, M134)=4M117=3M7=2
Tharu
0.345
171
2009
M134
越南京族 (河内)
0.342
76
2012
M122
韩民族 (首尔)
0.341
85
2005
M122=29
藏族
0.340
156
2007
M122
瑶族 (巴马瑶族自治县)
0.343
35
2006
M7=12
哈萨克族 (SE Altai)
0.337
89
2011
M134(xM117, P101)
泰沅(泰国)
0.329
85
2017
M117=15M7=5M122(xM324)=5M134(xM117)=3
傣族(云南西双版纳傣族自治州)
0.327
52
2016
O-M133=13O-M7=2O-F444=1O-JST002611=1
波利尼西亚人
2000
 
藏族
2004
 
Khasi
2007
 
寮族(寮国龙坡邦)
0.32
25
2012
M122
Eastern Yugur
2008
 
马来族
2001
 
布依族
0.314
35
2006
M7=6M134(xM117)=3M117=1M122(xM159, M7, M134)=1
喀尔喀蒙古族
2011
 
菲律宾人
0.308
146
2014
P164(xM134)=26JST002611=7M7=3M133=3M134(xM133)=2P201(xM159, M7, P164)=2M159=1M324(xKL1, P201)=1
汉族 (平话)
2008
 
撒拉族
0.302
43
2003
M122
侗族
0.300
20
2004
M134=3M122(xM7, M134)=3
泰国
0.293
75
2014
M133(xM162)=10M7=5M134(xM133)=3JST002611=2P164(xM134)=1M122(xM324)=1
中国朝鲜族
0.291
79
2005
M122=23
卡西族
2007
 
壮族
2000
 
内蒙古
0.289
45
2006
M122(xM159, M7, M134)=5M117=5M134(xM117)=3
傣仂族(泰国北部)
0.286
91
2017
O-M117=16O-M7=6O-M324(xM7, M134)=3O-M122(xM324)=1
壮族
0.286
28
2004
M134=7M122(xM7, M134)=1
寮族(Vientiane & Luang Prabang)
0.275
40
2019
F8/F42=6M7=2M188(xM7)=2P164(xF8,F46,F4110,F706,F717)=1
保安族
0.273
44
2003
M122
锡伯族
0.268
41
2006
M134(xM117)=5M122(xM159, M7, M134)=4M117=2
密克罗尼西亚(大洋洲)
2000
 
孟族 (泰国)
0.267
105
2019
F8/F42=15M7=4F323/F46=4JST002611=3F2859=1M122(x002611,M188,P164,F837)=1
达斡尔族
0.256
39
2006
M122(xM159, M7, M134)=7M117=3
玻里尼西亚
20052006
 
Bunu (Guangxi)
0.25
36
2011
M122
马来族(邻近吉隆坡)
0.25
12
2004
M122
壮族 (广西)
0.247
166
2006
M122(xM121, M134)=23M117=9M134(xM117)=7M121=2
日本族 (Kyūshū)
0.240
104
2004
M122
东乡族
2003
 
Manchurian Evenks
2001
 
Thai (Northern Thailand)
0.235
17
2012
M122
Japanese (Kagawa)
0.234
47
2006
M117=8M134(xM117)=2M122(xM159, M7, M134)=1
Mosuo (Ninglang, Yunnan)
0.234
47
2004
M122
Evenks (China)
0.231
26
2006
M117=4M134(xM117)=1M122(xM159, M7, M134)=1
Mongolia(mainly Khalkhs)
0.228
149
2005
M134=24M122(xM134)=10
Zhuang(Napo County, Guangxi)
0.222
63
date=May 2023
M117=5M122(xM188, M134)=4M188=3M134(xM117)=2
Lawa(Northern Thailand)
0.220
50
2017
M324(xM7, M134)=6M117=5
Mal (Laos)
0.220
50
2011
M122
Cambodian (Siem Reap)
0.216
125
2006
M122
Japanese (Tokushima)
0.214
70
2005
M134=11M122(xM134, LINE)=2LINE=2
Newar
0.212
66
2007
M117
Lao Isan
0.210
62
2019
M7=6F8=4JST002611=3
Blang
2009
 
Okinawans
2007
 
Tai Khün(Northern Thailand)
0.208
24
2017
M117=4M134(xM117)=1
Kathmandu, Nepal
0.208
77
2007
M324
Sui
0.200
50
2004
M134=10
Yi (Shuangbai, Yunnan)
0.20
50
2004
M122(xM7)
Japanese (Shizuoka)
0.197
61
2005
M122(xM134, LINE)=7M134=5
Khmu (Laos)
0.196
51
2011
M122
Dongxiang
0.196
46
2003
M122
Oroqen
0.194
31
2006
M122(xM159, M7, M134)=2M7=2M134(xM117)=1M117=1
Khalkh (Mongolia)
0.188
85
2005
M122=16
Japanese (Miyazaki)
0.183
1285
2021
M134=118M122(xM134)=117
Japanese (Tokyo)
0.179
56
2016
M117=5M134(xM117)=3JST002611=2
Hani
0.176
34
2006
M134(xM117)=3M117=2M122(xM159, M7, M134)=1
Micronesia
0.176
17
2005
M122(xM134, LINE)=3
Hui
0.171
35
2006
M122(xM159, M7, M134)=4M134(xM117)=1M117=1
Kalmyk (Khoshuud)
0.171
82
2013
M122=14
Japanese
0.167
263
2007
M122
Mandar (Sulawesi)
0.167
54
2010
M122
Mulam (Luocheng)
0.167
42
2003
JST002611=3M134(xM117)=3M117=1
Japanese (Kantō)
0.162
117
2005
M122=19
Thai
2009
 
Zhuang
2001
 
Aheu (Laos)
0.158
38
2011
M122
Bugan (Yunnan)
0.156
32
2011
M122
Okinawans
0.156
45
2005
M122(xM134, LINE)=3LINE=3M134=1
Uygur (Yili)
0.154
39
2006
M122(xM159, M7, M134)=2M134(xM117)=2M117=2
Japanese (Aomori)
0.154
26
2005
M134=3M122(xM134, LINE)=1
Cambodia
2009
 
Cham(Binh Thuan, Vietnam)
0.136
59
2012
M122
Java(mainly sampled in Dieng)
0.131
61
2010
M122
Aboriginal Taiwanese
0.126
223
2004
M122
Uighur (Kazakhstan)
0.122
41
2001
M122
Uzbek (Bukhara)
0.121
58
2001
M122
Ulchi
0.115
52
date=May 2023
O-M122(xP201)=6
Karakalpak (Uzbekistan)
0.114
44
2001
M122
Utsat (Sanya, Hainan)
0.111
72
2013
M117=3M122(xM159, M117)=3M159=2
Outer Mongolian
0.108
65
2006
M122(xM159, M7, M134)=3M117=3M134(xM117)=1
Bo (Laos)
0.107
28
2011
M122
Tibetans
2008
 
Maluku Islands
0.1
30
2010
M122
Kazakh (Kazakhstan)
0.093
54
2001
M122
Bouyei
0.089
45
2004
M122(xM7, M134)=2M7=1M134=1
Pumi (Ninglang, Yunnan)
0.085
47
2004
M122(xM7)
Zakhchin (Mongolia)
0.083
60
2005
M122=5
Mongols
0.083
24
2001
M122
Balinese (Bali)
0.073
641
2010
M122
Japanese
0.068
59
2016
P198
Uriankhai (Mongolia)
0.067
60
2005
M122=4
Sinte (Uzbekistan)
0.067
15
2001
M122
Uygur (Urumqi)
0.065
31
2006
M134(xM117)=1M117=1
Iranian (Esfahan)
0.063
16
2001
M122
Kalmyk (Dörwöd)
0.061
165
2013
M122=10
Flores
0.046
394
2010
M122
Buryat
0.040
298
2014
M324(xM134)=5M134(xM117)=4M117=3
Buyei
2005
 
Kalmyk (Torguud)
0.033
150
2013
M122=5
Kazakhs (SW Altai)
0.033
30
2011
M134(xM117, P101)
Munda(Jharkhand)
0.032
94
date=May 2023
M134=3
Burusho
0.031
97
2007
M122
Li
0.029
34
2006
M134(xM117)=1
Sumba
0.029
350
2010
M122
Khoton (Mongolia)
0.025
40
2005
M122=1
Naxi (Lijiang, Yunnan)
0.025
40
2004
M134
Rajbanshi(West Bengal)
0.022
45
date=May 2023
M134=1
Pathan
0.010
96
2007
M122
Pakistan
0.005
638
2007
M122

**注释**

**参考文献**
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*cite journal|last1=Su|doi=10.1073/pnas.97.15.8225|quote=*H6 (=O-M122(xO-M7, O-M134)) in 18/73=24.7% *H8 (=O-M134) in 2/73=2.7% for a total of 20/73=27.4% O-M122 in a pool of seven samples from Micronesia. *13/40=32.5% O-M122(xM7,M134) in a pool of three samples from Polynesia. *9/27=33.3% H6 (=O-M122(xM7,M134)) *6/27=22.2% H8 (=O-M134) for a total of 15/27=55.6% O-M122 in "Malay" sample *2/19=10.5% H6 (=O-M122(xM7,M134)) in "Kota Kinabalu" sample.|title=Polynesian origins: Insights from the Y chromosome|year=2000|first1=B.|last2=Jin|first2=L.|last3=Underhill|first3=P.|last4=Martinson|first4=J.|last5=Saha|first5=N.|last6=McGarvey|first6=S. T.|last7=Shriver|first7=M. D.|last8=Chu|first8=J.|last9=Oefner|first9=P.|last10=Chakraborty|first10=R.|last11=Deka|first11=R.|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences|volume=97|issue=15|pages=8225–8228|display-authors=8|bibcode=2000PNAS...97.8225S
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