楚科奇语音系

楚科奇语音系（Chukchi Phonology）为楚科奇语之音系，楚科奇语属于元音和谐律的语言之一。

**字母正写法**
直到1931年，楚科奇语都无正式的字母正写法，尽管在19世纪进行过宗教方面的书写应用。楚科奇字母加上声门塞音共有37个字母符号；历经二次字母符号改革，目前以西里尔字母为基础再加上三个楚克奇特有的字母；及1个声门塞音所组成。 

**拉丁字母正写法**

**西里尔字母正写法**
现代楚科奇西里尔母字母： 
А а Б б В в Г г Д д Е е Ё ё Ж ж З з И и Й й К к Ӄ ӄ Л л  Ԓ ԓ М м Н н Ӈ ӈ О о П п Р р С с Т т У у Ф ф Х х Ц ц Ч ч Ш ш Щ щ Ъ ъ Ы ы Ь ь Э э Ю ю Я я ' 

**键盘排列法**

**元音**
楚科奇语中有元音和谐律，同一个词的元音可以属于阴阳两组：- 阳性元音：o o，a a，e э- 阴性元音：u у，e э，i и- 中性元音（出现在任何词中）：ə ы
当阴性词的词根或词缀和阳性的构词成分出现在同一个词中，阴性的成分就会变成阳性（相反的情况永远都不会发生：阳性的成分不能变成阴性）。在这个情况下，u、e、i分别变成o、a、e。虽然e既出现在阳性词中，也出现在阴性词中，但不能把它当作中性元音看待，因为这个元音在阳性和阴性的词中代表两种不同的音位。
名词和动词的词根偶尔收到后缀和前缀的同化影响：kupre-n “网络”在离格后缀-jpə的影响下变成阳性词：kopra-jpə。

**辅音**
楚科奇语的擦音音位很少，甚至没有舌尖擦音 s，这个特征在世界语言当中不普遍。除此之外，塞音既没有送气／不送气的对立，也没有清浊的对立，但是可以把w、r、j、 ɣ分别视为p、t、c、k的相应浊音位，因为两套音位之间有许多交替的现象。

**参考文献**
 книга |автор=П. Я. Скорик |заглавие=Грамматика чукотского языка. Часть первая. Фонетика и морфология именных частей |место=Москва・Ленинград |издательство=Издательство Академии Наук СССР |год=1961 |тираж=1200 |ref=Скорик- Alevtina N. Zhukova, Tokusu Kurebito,"A Basic Topical Dictionary of the Koryak-Chukchi Languages (Asian and African Lexicon Series, 46)",ILCAA, Tokyo Univ. of Foreign Studies (2004), ISBN 978-4872978964
*Bogoras, Waldemar, 1901. "The Chukchi of Northeastern Asia", American Anthropologist, New Series, Vol. 3, No. 1 (Jan–Mar, 1901), pp. 80–108
*Bogoras, W., 1922. "Chukchee". In Handbook of American Indian Languages II, ed. F. Boas, Washington, D.C.
*Comrie, B., 1981. The Languages of the Soviet Union, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (Cambridge Language Surveys). ISBN 0-521-23230-9 (hardcover) and ISBN 0-521-29877-6 (paperback)
*De Reuse, Willem Joseph, 1994.  Siberian Yupik Eskimo: The Language and Its Contacts with Chukchi, Univ. of Utah Press, ISBN 0-87480-397-7
*Dunn, Michael, 2000. "Chukchi Women's Language: A Historical-Comparative Perspective", Anthropological Linguistics, Vol. 42, No. 3 (Fall, 2000), pp. 305–328
*Dunn, Michael John, 1999. "A grammar of Chukchi" date=20200212233044 , Australian National University, Thesis (PhD),1999-05.
*Nedjalkov, V. P., 1976. "Diathesen und Satzstruktur im Tschuktschischen" in German. In: Ronald Lötzsch (ed.), Satzstruktur und Genus verbi (Studia Grammatica 13). Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, pp. 181–211.
*dead-url=yes 
*Skorik, Petr Ja., 1961. Grammatika čukotskogo jazyka 1: Fonetika i morfologija imennych častej reči (Grammar of the Chukchi Language: Phonetics and morphology of the nominal parts of speech) in Russian. Leningrad: Nauka.
*Skorik, Petr Ja., 1977. Grammatika čukotskogo jazyka 2: Glagol, narečie, služebnye slova (Grammar of the Chuckchi Language: Verb, adverb, function words) in Russian. Leningrad: Nauka:- Skorik, P. J. (1961/1977). Grammatika čukotskogo jazyka (Grammar of the Chukchi Language) in Russian. Vol. 1/2. Leningrad: Nauka 
*Weinstein, Charles, 2010. Parlons tchouktche in French. Paris: L'Harmattan. ISBN 978-2-296-10412-9

**参阅**
楚科奇语语法

**外部连结**
 cite web |last=Spencer |first=Andrew |title=Chukchee homepage Grammatical sketch based on Skorik 1961-1977 |year=1999 |url=http://privatewww.essex.ac.uk/~spena/Chukchee/CHUKCHEE_HOMEPAGE.html |accessdate=2017-02-06 |archive-date=2005-10-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051025130220/http://privatewww.essex.ac.uk/~spena/Chukchee/CHUKCHEE_HOMEPAGE.html |dead-url=yes - url=http://gendocs.ru/v2785/?download=1 -  Endangered Languages of Siberia – The Chukchi language-  Russian-Chukchi Phrasebook date=20071102095105 -  The Gospel of Luke in Chukchi date=20120304101127 -  Population by mother tongue and districts in 50 Governorates of the European Russia in 1897 date=20141006074450 
*Words of Life Chukchi (чаучу)
*Перегон (фильм)-  Chukchi fairy tales in Chukchi and English- Words of Life - Chukchi date=20190609215819 - 楚科奇语资料1 date=20190609025853 - Чукотские сказки - читаем вместе :) date=20190622184503 - Чукотские сказки - читаем вместе :) date=20170112201121 - Endangered Languages of Siberia - The Chukchi language date=20200129174841 - VISITCHUKOTKA.COM - Chukotka audio dictionary
*ЧАУЧУ с титрами на русском языке- dead-url=no - Volodin, A. P. and P. Ja. Skorik (1997). "Čukotskyj jazyk" (The Chukchi language) in Russian. In: Jazyki mira: Paleoaziatskije jazyki (Languages of the World: Paleoasiatic Languages), Moskva: Indrik, p. 23-39; online: dead-url=no - Chukchi language, alphabet and pronunciation date=20210402133459