耳螺科

Drawing of shells of Ellobium pyramidale.
耳螺科（学名：Ellobiidae），亦作耳蜗牛科shelldoc_000124，是腹足纲耳螺总科（学名：Ellobioidea）之下的一个科Bouchet 2005。耳螺科物种体型细小，皆可呼吸空气。旧属原始有肺目或基眼目的松螺总科Dayrat 2011，之后耳螺科改属耳螺总科page1=6。2005年《布歇特和洛克罗伊的腹足类分类》，整个耳螺总科仍被归到基眼类非正式群组Bouchet 2005。在2017年《布歇特等人的腹足类分类》，耳螺科联同另外两个科共同组成耳螺目Bouchet 2017。

**型态描述**
本科物种螺壳的一大特征，除了其耳状的螺壳外，还有其锯齿状的壳口Beechey 2018。

**分布及栖息地**
本科物种遍布全世界，但仍主要集中于印度洋-西太平洋海域Beechey 2018。部分物种嗜盐，常栖息在河口半淡咸水域shell_1870或红树林的高潮区、盐沼地等范围Beechey 2018。尽管本科物种可呼吸空气，而事实上在热带亦有部分物种可完全营陆生，但其余物种仍不时要返回海水里Beechey 2018，所以WoRMS指本科物种的栖息环境同时包括海洋、咸淡水交界及陆生WoRMS_198。

**系统分类**

**属**
，WoRMS纪录本科包括以下各个亚科与属WoRMS_198：
 罂粟蜗牛亚科 Carychiinae Jeffreys, 1830，果瓣螺亚科
 耳螺亚科 Ellobiinae L. Pfeiffer, 1854 (1822)
 尖耳螺亚科 Melampinae Stimpson, 1851 (1850)
 趾蜗牛亚科 Pedipedinae
 扁耳螺亚科 Pythiinae Odhner, 1925
异名：
» Genus Alexia Leach in Gray, 1847 accepted as Myosotella Monterosato, 1906 (Invalid: junior homonym of Alexia Stephens, 1833 Coleoptera; Nealexia is a replacement name)
» Genus Jaminia T. Brown, 1827 accepted as Myosotella Monterosato, 1906
» Genus Kochia Pallary, 1900 accepted as Myosotella Monterosato, 1906 (Invalid: junior homonym of Kochia Frech, 1891 Bivalvia)
» Genus Laimodonta H. Adams & A. Adams, 1855 accepted as Laemodonta Philippi, 1846
» Genus Melosidula B.J. Smith & Kershaw, 1979 accepted as Cassidula (Cassidula) Férussac, 1821 represented as Cassidula Férussac, 1821
» Genus Monica H. Adams & A. Adams, 1855 accepted as Ovatella Bivona-Bernardi, 1832
» Genus Nealexia Wenz, 1920 accepted as Myosotella Monterosato, 1906
» Genus Phytia accepted as Pythia Röding, 1798 (Incorrect subsequent spelling)
» Genus Plecotrema H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854 accepted as Laemodonta (Laemodonta) Philippi, 1846 represented as Laemodonta Philippi, 1846
» Genus Scarabus Montfort, 1810 accepted as Pythia Röding, 1798
** 扁耳螺属 Pythia Röding, 1798：扁耳螺亚科的模式属。
*** 花豹耳螺 Pythia pantherina (A. Adams)
*** 厚皮耳螺 Pythia pachyodon Pilsbry et Hirase- subfamily Zaptychiinae †- Zaptychius Walcott, 1883 † ：本亚科的模式属。- 亚科地位未定
** Genus Juramarinula Bandel, 1991 †
** Genus Leopoldium Bandel & Riedel, 1994 †
** Genus Melampoides Yen, 1951 †
** Genus Mesauriculstra Yen, 1952 †
** Genus Mesochilina Yen, 1951 †
** Genus Palaeoleuca Wenz, 1922 †
** Genus Proauriculastra Bandel, 1991 †
** Genus Pythiopsis F. Sandberger, 1870 †
** Genus Rhytophorus Meek, 1871 †
** Genus Semiauricula Cossmann, 1889 †
** Genus Stolidoma Deshayes, 1863 †
** Genus Tortacella White, 1895 †
** Genus Traliopsis F. Sandberger, 1870 †
subfamily ?- Auriculinella Tausch, 1886- Auriculodes Strand, 1928- Blauneria Shuttleworth, 1854- Creedonia Martins, 1996- Detracia Gray in Turton, 1840- Leuconopsis Hutton, 1884- Marinula King & Broderip, 1832- 微耳螺属 Microtralia small|Dall, 1894：嗜盐。- Ophicardelus Beck, 1838- Ovatella Bivona, 1832- Pleuroloba Hyman, Rouse & Ponder, 2005- Pseudomelampus Pallary, 1900- Tralia Gray, 1840
异名：- Alexia Leach in Gray, 1847: synonym of Myosotella Monterosato, 1906- Auricula Lamarck, 1799: synonym of Ellobium Röding, 1798- Cremnobates Swainson, 1855: synonym of Marinula King & Broderip, 1832- Jaminia T. Brown, 1827: synonym of Myosotella Monterosato, 1906- Kochia Pallary, 1900: synonym of Myosotella Monterosato, 1906- Laimodonta H. Adams & A. Adams, 1855: synonym of Laemodonta Philippi, 1846- Leuconia Gray, 1840: synonym of Auriculinella Tausch, 1886- Leucopepla Peile, 1926: synonym of Auriculinella Tausch, 1886- Leucophytia Winckworth, 1949: synonym of Auriculinella Tausch, 1886- Monica H. Adams & A. Adams, 1855: synonym of Ovatella Bivona-Bernardi, 1832- Nealexia Wenz, 1920: synonym of Myosotella Monterosato, 1906- Phytia: synonym of Pythia Röding, 1798- Pira H. & A. Adams, 1855: synonym of Melampus Montfort, 1810- Plecotrema H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854: synonym of Laemodonta Philippi, 1846- Rangitotoa Powell, 1933: synonym of Microtralia Dall, 1894
Taxonomic note:
Genus Sarnia H. Adams & A. Adams, 1855 (temporary name, Sarnia H. & A. Adams, 1855 (September), The Genera of Recent Mollusca, 2: 239 is an incorrect subsequent spelling of Siona H. Adams & A. Adams, 1855 which is a junior homonym of Siona Duponchel, 1829 Lepidoptera.)

**参考文献**
This article incorporates CC-BY-2.0 text from the reference

**外部连结**
 Ellobiidae- title=Melampidae