Pathping

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Pathping是Windows系统中自带的一个网络诊断工具，用于检测本地至目的地之间节点的网络延迟和稳定性。

**原理**
pathping在一段时间内，从本地至目的地之间发送多个Echo Request消息给中间经过的每个节点，然后基于数据包从每个路由器返回的信息来计算结果。所以，pathping可以显示每个节点的数据包丢失的百分比，以便判断具体哪个节点或子网可能出现网络故障。pathping与tracert执行相同的路由跟踪命令去识别这条路径上有哪些路由器，但它额外多了一个步骤：给每个节点发送100个数据包，获取返回信息后去计算每个节点的统计信息。

**范例**
C:\Documents and Settings\User>pathping
Usage: pathping -g host-list -h maximum_hops -i address -n
-p period -q num_queries -w timeout -P -R -T
-4 -6 target_name
Options:
-g host-list Loose source route along host-list.
-h maximum_hops Maximum number of hops to search for target.
-i address Use the specified source address.
-n Do not resolve addresses to hostnames.
-p period Wait period milliseconds between pings.
-q num_queries Number of queries per hop.
-w timeout Wait timeout milliseconds for each reply.
-P Test for RSVP PATH connectivity.
-R Test if each hop is RSVP aware.
-T Test connectivity to each hop with Layer-2 priority tags.
-4 Force using IPv4.
-6 Force using IPv6.

**例子**
>pathping wikipedia.org
Tracing route to wikipedia.com 207.142.131.235
over a maximum of 30 hops:
0 simonslaptop 192.168.0.11
1 192.168.0.1
2 thus1-hg2.ilford.broadband.bt.net 217.32.64.73
3 217.32.64.34
4 217.32.64.110
5 anchor-border-1-4-0-2-191.router.demon.net 212.240.162.126
6 anchor-core-2-g0-0-1.router.demon.net 194.70.98.29
7 ny1-border-1-a1-0-s2.router.demon.net 194.70.97.66
8 ge-8-0-153.ipcolo1.NewYork1.Level3.net 209.246.123.177
9 ae-0-51.bbr1.NewYork1.Level3.net 64.159.17.1
10 so-2-0-0.mp1.Tampa1.Level3.net 209.247.11.201
11 ge-6-0.hsa2.Tampa1.Level3.net 64.159.1.10
12 unknown.Level3.net 63.208.24.2
13
Computing statistics for 325 seconds...
Source to Here This Node/Link
Hop RTT Lost/Sent = Pct Lost/Sent = Pct Address
0 simonslaptop 192.168.0.11
0/ 100 = 0% |
1 0ms 0/ 100 = 0% 0/ 100 = 0% 192.168.0.1
0/ 100 = 0% |
2 18ms 1/ 100 = 1% 1/ 100 = 1% thus1-hg2.ilford.broadband.bt.net 217.32.64.73
0/ 100 = 0% |
3 18ms 0/ 100 = 0% 0/ 100 = 0% 217.32.64.34
0/ 100 = 0% |
4 21ms 0/ 100 = 0% 0/ 100 = 0% 217.32.64.110
0/ 100 = 0% |
5 21ms 1/ 100 = 1% 1/ 100 = 1% anchor-border-1-4-0-2-191.router.demon.net 212.240.162.126
0/ 100 = 0% |
6 --- 100/ 100 =100% 100/ 100 =100% anchor-core-2-g0-0-1.router.demon.net 194.70.98.29
0/ 100 = 0% |
7 --- 100/ 100 =100% 100/ 100 =100% ny1-border-1-a1-0-s2.router.demon.net 194.70.97.66
0/ 100 = 0% |
8 100ms 0/ 100 = 0% 0/ 100 = 0% ge-8-0-153.ipcolo1.NewYork1.Level3.net 209.246.123.177
0/ 100 = 0% |
9 94ms 0/ 100 = 0% 0/ 100 = 0% ae-0-51.bbr1.NewYork1.Level3.net 64.159.17.1
0/ 100 = 0% |
10 134ms 1/ 100 = 1% 1/ 100 = 1% so-2-0-0.mp1.Tampa1.Level3.net 209.247.11.201
0/ 100 = 0% |
11 137ms 0/ 100 = 0% 0/ 100 = 0% ge-6-0.hsa2.Tampa1.Level3.net 64.159.1.10
0/ 100 = 0% |
12 131ms 0/ 100 = 0% 0/ 100 = 0% unknown.Level3.net 63.208.24.2
100/ 100 =100% |
13 --- 100/ 100 =100% 0/ 100 = 0% win2000 0.0.0.0
Trace complete.
>pathping wikipedia.org -q 10
Tracing route to wikipedia.org 66.230.200.100
over a maximum of 30 hops:
0 Aaron.hsd1.mn.comcast.net. 192.168.11.3
1 air.setup 192.168.11.1
2 73.127.68.1
3 ge-1-38-ur01.minnetonka.mn.minn.comcast.net 68.86.234.41
4 68.86.232.37
5 68.86.232.33
6 * 68.86.232.5
7 68.86.232.1
8 12.116.99.41
9 tbr2.cgcil.ip.att.net 12.122.99.70
10 * ggr2.cgcil.ip.att.net 12.123.6.69
11 ar1-a3120s2.wswdc.ip.att.net 192.205.34.6
12 66.192.247.163
13 ge8-13.csw5-pmtpa.wikimedia.org 66.193.50.242
14 * rr.pmtpa.wikimedia.org 66.230.200.100
Computing statistics for 35 seconds...
Source to Here This Node/Link
Hop RTT Lost/Sent = Pct Lost/Sent = Pct Address
0 Aaron.hsd1.mn.comcast.net. 192.168.11.3
0/ 10 = 0% |
1 0ms 0/ 10 = 0% 0/ 10 = 0% air.setup 192.168.11.1
0/ 10 = 0% |
2 8ms 0/ 10 = 0% 0/ 10 = 0% 73.127.68.1
0/ 10 = 0% |
3 8ms 0/ 10 = 0% 0/ 10 = 0% ge-1-38-ur01.minnetonka.mn.minn.comcast.net 68.86.234.41
0/ 10 = 0% |
4 9ms 0/ 10 = 0% 0/ 10 = 0% 68.86.232.37
0/ 10 = 0% |
5 8ms 0/ 10 = 0% 0/ 10 = 0% 68.86.232.33
0/ 10 = 0% |
6 12ms 0/ 10 = 0% 0/ 10 = 0% 68.86.232.5
0/ 10 = 0% |
7 8ms 0/ 10 = 0% 0/ 10 = 0% 68.86.232.1
0/ 10 = 0% |
8 20ms 0/ 10 = 0% 0/ 10 = 0% 12.116.99.41
0/ 10 = 0% |
9 --- 10/ 10 =100% 10/ 10 =100% tbr2.cgcil.ip.att.net 12.122.99.70
0/ 10 = 0% |
10 --- 10/ 10 =100% 10/ 10 =100% ggr2.cgcil.ip.att.net 12.123.6.69
0/ 10 = 0% |
11 --- 10/ 10 =100% 10/ 10 =100% ar1-a3120s2.wswdc.ip.att.net 192.205.34.6
0/ 10 = 0% |
12 --- 10/ 10 =100% 10/ 10 =100% 66.192.247.163
0/ 10 = 0% |
13 63ms 0/ 10 = 0% 0/ 10 = 0% ge8-13.csw5-pmtpa.wikimedia.org 66.193.50.242
0/ 10 = 0% |
14 63ms 0/ 10 = 0% 0/ 10 = 0% rr.pmtpa.wikimedia.org 66.230.200.100
Trace complete.


>pathping wikipedia.org -n
Tracing route to wikipedia-lb.eqiad.wikimedia.org 208.80.154.225over a maximum of 30 hops:
0 192.168.1.102
1 192.168.1.1
2 10.202.181.110
3 10.202.182.109
4 10.202.181.153
5 10.202.181.49
6 212.72.4.97
7 82.178.32.102
8 63.218.109.117
9 63.218.44.38
10 206.111.0.249
11 216.156.8.189
12 * *  Computing statistics for 275 seconds...