熊果属

熊果属（学名：Arctostaphylos；s;arkto 熊 + staphyle 葡萄）是杜鹃花科下的一个属，为灌木或小种树植物。
熊果属包括约60个品种，从紧贴地面的北极圈，到海岸、山上不等，皆为其生活圈子。熊果属一般不高，不会超过六公尺高，而且皆为常绿植物。

**物种**
According to Philip V. Wells in The Jepson Manual and other sources, there are two subgenera of Arctostaphylos:- Subgenus Micrococcus
** Sect. Micrococcus
*** Arctostaphylos mendocinoensis Pygmy Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos myrtifolia Ione Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos nissenana Nissenan Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos nummularia Glossyleaf Manzanita- Subgenus Arctostaphylos, which has 3 sections:
** Sect. Arctostaphylos
*** Arctostaphylos alpina Alpine Bearberry
*** Arctostaphylos bakeri Baker's Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos densiflora Sonoma Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos edmundsii Little Sur Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos franciscana Franciscan Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos gabrielensis San Gabriel Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos glauca Bigberry Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos hispidula Gasquet Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos hookeri Hooker's Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos insularis Island ManzanitaCommon Bearberry Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
*** Arctostaphylos klamathensis Klamath Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos manzanita Common Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos mewukka Indian Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos nevadensis Pinemat Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos parryana Parry Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos patula Greenleaf Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos pumila Sandmat Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos pungens Pointleaf Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos rudis Shagbark Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos stanfordiana Stanford's Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Bearberry
*** Arctostaphylos viscida Sticky Manzanita
** Sect. FoliobracteataA manzanita (Arctostaphylos sp.)
*** Arctostaphylos andersonii Santa Cruz Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos auriculata Mount Diablo Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos canescens Hoary Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos catalinae Santa Catalina Island Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos columbiana Hairy Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos confertiflora Santa Rosa Island Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos cruzensis La Cruz Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos glandulosa Eastwood Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos glutinosa Schreiber's Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos hooveri Hoover's Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos imbricata San Bruno Mountain Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos luciana Santa Lucia Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos malloryi Mallory's Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos montaraensis Montara Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos montereyensis Monterey Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos morroensis Morro Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos nortensis Del Norte Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos obispoensis Serpentine Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos osoensis Oso Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos otayensis Otay Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos pajaroensis Pajaro Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos pallida Pallid Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos pechoensis Pecho Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos pilosula La Panzo Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos purissima La Purissima Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos refugioensis Refugio Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos regismontana Kings Mountain Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos silvicola Bonny Doon Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos tomentosa Woolyleaf Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos virgata Bolinas Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos viridissima Whitehair Manzanita
*** Arctostaphylos wellsii Wells' Manzanita
** Sect. Pictobracteata
*** Arctostaphylos pringlei Pringle Manzanita- Unassigned
** Arctostaphylos rainbowensis Rainbow Manzanita
** Arctostaphylos gabilanensis Gabilan Manzanita
** Arctostaphylos ohloneana Ohlone Manzanita
Synonyms
*Arctostaphylos bicolor is generally considered Xylococcus bicolor
*Arctostaphylos crustacea is generally considered Arctostaphylos tomentosa ssp. crustacea
See also the closely related genus Comarostaphylis, previously often included in Arctostaphylos.

**种植**
由于熊果属植物很容易受到由真菌引起的疾病影响，本属植物的种植比较困难，通常都只能在多盐及碱土上才比较可行。在天气炎热时，应避免把水从头直接淋洒。

**参考文献**
 James C. Hickman. 1993. The Jepson Manual: higher plants of California, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, California. 0-520-082559.- C. Michael Hogan. 2012.  Arctostaphylos date=20130523171210 . Eds. M.McGinley and C.J.Cleveland. Encyclopedia of Earth. National Council for Science and the Environment. -  Treatment from the Jepson Manual date=20201129001045 - Philip V. Wells. 2000. Manzanitas of California, Dept. of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Lawrence, Kansas. 0-933994-22-2.- Philip V. Wells. 1992. Subgenera and sections of Arctostaphylos. The Four Seasons 9: 64-69.