马尔科姆·劳瑞

克拉伦斯·马尔科姆·劳瑞（Clarence Malcolm Lowry，6月26日）是英国诗人和小说家，他最著名的作品是小说《在火山下》，该著作被纽约公共图书馆《世纪之书》以及兰登书屋《当代文库》选作20世纪百大英文小说第11名。.

**写作**
劳瑞一生著作出版其实很少，相比之下他去世时却留下了大量的未完成的手稿。在他的两部小说中，在火山下 (1947)目前被普遍认为是杰出之作，也是20世纪最杰出的小说之一(《当代文库》 20世纪百大英文小说第11名). 这本书展现的劳瑞的写作手法特点，包括重点使用自传式的素材，并且充满了复杂的、隐喻性的象征手法写作。在火山下描述了一系列复杂、让人难以接受的恶劣人际关系，而写作背景则是墨西哥的火山喷发。 
火山：关于劳瑞的生死调查 (1976)是加拿大电影局拍摄的获得奥斯卡提名的纪录片，制片人是Donald Brittain and Robert A. Duncan，导演则是 Brittain and John Kramer. 该片开创了对劳瑞“意外事故死亡”的调查，然后倒叙讲述作者生活。片中还包括劳瑞作品的节选，由Richard Burton朗读，背景则拍摄于墨西哥、美国、加拿大和英格兰。

**作品列表**
Ultramarine (1933)
*在火山下 (1947), 1984年被 约翰·休斯顿 拍成电影

**死后出版**
Hear Us O Lord from Heaven Thy Dwelling Place (1961)
*Selected Poems of Malcolm Lowry (1962)
*Lunar Caustic (1968)
*Dark as the Grave wherein my Friend is Laid (1968)
*October Ferry to Gabriola (1970)
*The Cinema of Malcolm Lowry: A Scholarly Edition of Malcolm Lowry's "Tender is the Night" edited by Miquel Mota & Paul Tiessen (1990)
*The 1940 Under The Volcano (1994)
*La Mordida edited by Patrick A. McCarthy (1996)

**继续阅读**
An Anthology from X (Oxford University Press 1988). X (magazine) ran from 1959–62. Edited by David Wright & Patrick Swift. Contributions from Lowry, W.H. Auden, Samuel Beckett, Alberto Giacometti, Francis Bacon (painter), Stevie Smith, Robert Graves, David Gascoyne, et al.
*The Collected Poetry of Malcolm Lowry (1992) edited by Kathleen Scherf
*The Kaleidoscopic Vision of Malcolm Lowry: Souls and Shamans, by Nigel H. Foxcroft, (Lexington Books: Lanham, MD, 2019). ISBN 978-1-4985-1657-0
*The Voyage That Never Ends (2007), selected stories, poems, and letters; edited by Michael Hofmann
*Grace, Sherrill. (2009). Strange Comfort: Essays on the Work of Malcolm Lowry. Talonbooks: Vancouver, B.C. ISBN 978-0-88922-618-0
*Malcolm Lowry from the Mersey to the World (2009) edited by Bryan Biggs and Helen Tookey

**传记**
Lowry, a Biography, Douglas Day (1973)
*Volcano: An Inquiry Into the Life and Death of Malcolm Lowry, National Film Board of Canada, (1976)
*Malcolm Lowry Remembered, G. Bowker, ed (1985)
*Pursued by Furies: A Life of Malcolm Lowry, G. Bowker (1993)
*Inside the Volcano: My Life with Malcolm Lowry, Jan Gabrial (2000)

**参考**

**来源**
Asals, Frederick, The making of Malcolm Lowry's Under the volcano (University of Georgia: Athens, 1997)
*Bareham, Tony, Modern Novelists: Malcolm Lowry (St Martins: New York, 1989)
*Bowker, Gordon, ed, Malcolm Lowry Remembered (Ariel: London, 1985)
*Bradbrook, M.C., Malcolm Lowry: His Art and Early Life (CUP: Cambridge, 1974)
*Cross, Richard K., Malcolm Lowry: a preface to his fiction (Athlone Press: London, 1980)
*Foxcroft, Nigel H., The Kaleidoscopic Vision of Malcolm Lowry: Souls and Shamans  (Lexington Books: Lanham, MD, 2019). ISBN 978-1-4985-1657-0
*Hochschild, Adam, Finding the Trapdoor: Essays, Portraits, Travels, pp. 265–73, "The Private Volcano of Malcolm Lowry," (Syracuse University Press: Syracuse, 1997)
*Miller, David, Malcolm Lowry and the voyage that never ends (Enitharmon Press: London, 1976)
*Smith, Anne, The art of Malcolm Lowry (Vision: London, 1978)
*Stevenson, Randall, The British Novel Since the Thirties (Batsford: London, 1986)
*Vice, Sue, Malcolm Lowry eighty years on (St. Martins Press: New York, 1989)
*Woolmer, J. Howard, Malcolm Lowry: a bibliography (Woolmer/Brotherson: Pennsylvania, 1983)

**外部链接s**
  劳瑞的在火山下-  A Hypertextual Companion to Under the Volcano date=20130307015720 -  Short Excerpt from Dark As The Grave date=20090801011041 -  Photo of the beach where Malcolm Lowry's shack was located in North Vancouver, Canada-  Volcano: An Inquiry into the Life and Death of Malcolm Lowry date=20200415011931 , film from the  NFB date=20210526040251 .-  Audiobook (mp3) of the preface written in 1948 by Malcolm Lowry for French readers of Under the Volcano.-  Malcolm Lowry entry at The Canadian Encyclopedia date=20110607115115 
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