百科全书，或科学、艺术和工艺详解词典

1751年版《百科全书》的扉页
《百科全书，或科学、艺术和工艺详解词典》（Encyclopédie, ou dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers），通称《百科全书》（Encyclopédie），是1751年至1772年间由一批法国启蒙思想家编撰的一部法语百科全书。共17卷正编，11卷图编，此后其他人多有补编，1780年再版时共有35卷48-49。《百科全书》以启蒙主义为目的，条目常常夹叙夹议、议论时政，造成有时知识的介绍被议论喧宾夺主，从百科全书的角度而言并不能算是一部理想的工具书48。
全书由法国的印刷业主布雷顿策划47，1751年起由狄德罗主编，1759年起由让·勒朗·达朗贝尔共同主编。参加编纂的主要人员有孟德斯鸠、魁奈、杜尔哥、伏尔泰、卢梭、布丰等不少法国启蒙运动时期的著名人物。他们被称为百科全书派（Encyclopédiste）。
《百科全书》是启蒙时代思想的代表之作，尽管原计划是翻译1728年英国出版的《百科全书：或艺术与科学通用字典》，它却成为了是历史上第一部致力于科学、艺术的综合性百科全书。正如主编狄德罗所述，《百科全书》的目标是“改变人们的思维方式”。1751年第1卷出版后，就遭到政府与教会的压力，导致有几卷不得不地下发行，最后10卷甚至改用假封面和倒填日期出版48。

**参见**
百科全书
*百科全书派
*具象人类知识系统

**参考资料**
引用
来源- Blom, Philipp, Enlightening the world: Encyclopédie, the book that changed the course of history, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005, 1-4039-6895-0- Brewer, Daniel. The Discourse of Enlightenment in Eighteenth-century France: Diderot and the Art of Philosophizing. Cambridge, England: Cambridge UP, 1993. - Brewer, Daniel, "The Encyclopédie: Innovation and Legacy" in New Essays on Diderot, edited by James Fowler, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011, 0-521-76956-6- Burke, Peter, A social history of knowledge: from Gutenberg to Diderot, Malden: Blackwell Publishers Inc., 2000, 0-7456-2485-5- Darnton, Robert. The Business of Enlightenment: A Publishing History of the Encyclopédie, 1775-1800. Cambridge: Belknap, 1979.- Hunt, Lynn, The Making of the West: Peoples and Cultures: A Concise History: Volume II: Since 1340, Second Edition, Boston: Bedford/St. Martin's, 2007, 0-312-43937-7- Kramnick, Isaac, "Encyclopédie" in The Portable Enlightenment Reader, edited by Isaac Kramnick, Toronto: Penguin Books, 1995, 0-14-024566-9- Lough, John. The Encyclopédie. New York: D. McKay, 1971. - Magee, Bryan, The Story of Philosophy, New York: DK Publishing, Inc., 1998, 0-7894-3511-X- O'Sullivan, Dan. Wikipedia: A New Community of Practice? Farnham, Surrey, 2009, 9780754674337.- Roche, Daniel. "Encyclopedias and the Diffusion of Knowledge." The Cambridge History of Eighteenth-century Political Thought. By Mark Goldie and Robert Wokler. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2006. 172–94. - Spielvogel, Jackson J, Western Civilization, Boston: Wadsworth Cengage Learning, 2011, 0-495-89733-7

**拓展阅读**
  d'Alembert, Jean Le RondPreliminary discourse to the Encyclopedia of Diderot, translated by Richard N. Schwab, 1995. 0-226-13476-8- Darnton, Robert. "The Encyclopédie wars of prerevolutionary France." American Historical Review 78.5 (1973): 1331-1352.  online date=20200815214907 - Donato, Clorinda, and Robert M. Maniquis, eds.  The Encyclopédie and the Age of Revolution. Boston: G. K. Hall, 1992. 0-8161-0527-8- Encyclopédie ou dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers, Editions Flammarion, 1993. 2-08-070426-5-  Grimsley. Ronald. Jean d'Alembert (1963)- Hazard, Paul. European thought in the eighteenth century from Montesquieu to Lessing (1954). pp 199-224- Kafker, Frank A.  and Serena L. Kafker.  The Encyclopedists as individuals: a biographical dictionary of the authors of the Encyclopédie (1988)  0-7294-0368-8- Lough, John. Essays on the Encyclopédie of Diderot and d'Alembert Oxford UP, 1968.- Pannabecker, John R.  Diderot, the Mechanical Arts, and the Encyclopédie, 1994. With bibliography.

**外部链接**
Encyclopédie, ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers- Digitized version of the Encyclopédie- Diderot date=20190426200053  – search engine in tribute to Diderot- University of Chicago on-line version with an English interface and the  dates of publication date=20190808164901 - Encyclopedia of Diderot and d'Alembert Collaborative Translation Project date=20100605035852  currently contains a growing collection of articles translated into English (2,648 articles and sets of plates as of February 13, 2018).- Online Books Page presentation of the first edition-   The Encyclopédie date=20190403081152 , BBC Radio 4 discussion with Judith Hawley, Caroline Warman and David Wootton (In Our Time, Oct. 26, 2006)
*Encyclopédie, ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers
*Encyclopédie, ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers- ENCYCLOPEDIE date=20140209173250