邓斯·司各脱

真福若望·董思高（Blessed John Duns Scotus，约1308年），史称邓斯·司各脱（也译作司各特），苏格兰中世纪时期的经院哲学家、神学家、唯实论者。他提出了物质具有思维能力的推测，其论据是天主是万能的，故而可以让物质具备思维的能力。着有《巴黎论着》、《牛津论着》、《问题论丛》等。
中文版圣经思高本的翻译机构“思高圣经学会”，奉他为主保圣人。

**参考文献**

**扩展阅读**
  dead-url = no - Richard Cross (ed.), The Opera Theologica of John Duns Scotus. Proceedings of “The Quadruple Congress” on John Duns Scotus, Part 2. Archa Verbi. Subsidia 4, Franciscan Institute Publications, 2012, ISBN ISBN 978-3-402-10214-5.-  dead-url = no - cite book | author = Gracia, Jorge J. E. |author2=Noone, Timothy B. | title = A Companion to Philosophy in the Middle Ages | url = https://archive.org/details/companiontophilo0000unse_w4b9 | publisher = Blackwell Pub |location = Cambridge | year = 2003 | isbn = 978-0-631-21672-8 - cite book | author = Grenz, Stanley | title = The Named God And The Question Of Being: A Trinitarian Theo-ontology | publisher = Westminster John Knox Press | location = Louisville | year = 2005 | isbn = 978-0-664-22204-8 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=VjHTcrWmguQC&printsec=frontcover | access-date = 2014-08-07 | archive-date = 2020-08-01 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200801032712/https://books.google.com/books?id=VjHTcrWmguQC&printsec=frontcover | dead-url = no - cite book | author = Honderich, Ted | title = The Oxford Companion to Philosophy | url = https://archive.org/details/oxfordcompaniont00hond | publisher = Oxford University Press | location = Oxford | year = 1995 | isbn = 978-0-19-866132-0 | chapter = Duns Scotus - Ludger Honnefelder, Hannes Möhle, Andreas Speer, Theo Kobusch, Susana Bullido del Barrio (eds.), Johannes Duns Scotus 1308-2008: Die philosophischen Perspektiven seines Werkes/Investigations into his Philosophy. Proceedings of "The Quadruple Congress" on John Duns Scotus, Part 3. Archa Verbi. Subsidia 5, Franciscan Institute Publications, 2011,ISBN 978-3-402-10215-2.- Mary Beth Ingham, CSJ, and Oleg Bychkof (eds.), John Duns Scotus, Philosopher. Proceedings of “The Quadruple Congress” on John Duns Scotus, Part 1. Archa Verbi. Subsidia 3, Franciscan Institute Publications, 2010, ISBN 978-3-402-10213-8.- Mary Beth Ingham, CSJ, Scotus for Dunces: An Introduction to the Subtle Doctor, Franciscan Institute Publications, 2003.- Mary Beth Ingham, CSJ, The Harmony of Goodness: Mutuality and Moral Living According to John Duns Scotus, Franciscan Institute Publications, 1997.- cite book | last = Kretzmann | first = Norman | authorlink = Norman Kretzmann | coauthors = Kenny, Anthony; Pinborg, Jan; Stump, Eleonore | title = The Cambridge History of Later Medieval Philosophy | publisher = Cambridge University Press | location = Cambridge | year = 1982 | isbn = 978-0-521-36933-6 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=l821N_9GSusC&printsec=frontcover | access-date = 2014-08-07 | archive-date = 2020-08-01 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200801033810/https://books.google.com/books?id=l821N_9GSusC&printsec=frontcover | dead-url = no - Thomas Shannon, The Ethical Theory of John Duns Scotus, Franciscan Institute Publications, 1995.-  isbn = 978-0-7486-2462-1 -  dead-url = no - Allan B. Wolter, OFM and Blane O'Neil, OFM, John Duns Scotus: Mary's Architect, Franciscan Institute Publications, 1993.

**外部链接**
  Site of the International Scotistic Commission (Rome, Italy) date=20131224085652 -  Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: John Duns Scotus date=20210515010207 -  Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy: John Dun Scotus date=20090731122039 -  Catholic Encyclopedia article on John Duns Scotus date=20210507003744 -  Site about Duns Scotus of the Research Group John Duns Scotus (Utrecht, NL) date=20210302104002 -  Thomas Williams' pages on Scotusfix-attempted=yes -  The Realist Ontology of John Duns Scotus date=20200730053816  with an annotated bibliography-  Article by Parthenius Minges on Scotists and Scotism at the Jacques Maritain Center-  Local history site of Blessed John Duns Scotus' birthplace, Duns, Berwickshire, Scotland-  Online Galleries, History of Science Collections, University of Oklahoma Libraries date=20210213224240  High resolution images of works by Duns Scotus in .jpg and .tiff format.-  Duns Scotus date=20200906150048  at IMDB, 90-minute feature film by TVCO (2011), starring Adriano Braidotti and directed by Fernando Muraca-  Rome Reports date=20210505204121 , 2 minute video clip, behind the scenes during filming