推论统计学

安德森鸢尾花卉数据集中变色鸢尾花萼片宽度数据的分布直方图
推论统计学，或称统计推断（Statistical inference），指统计学中，研究如何根据样本数据去推断总体数量特征的方法。它是在对样本数据进行描述的基础上，对统计总体的未知数量特征做出以概率形式表述的推断。更概括地说，是在一段有限的时间内，通过对一个随机过程的观察来进行推断的。
统计学中，统计推断与描述统计相对应。
统计推断的结果常用来决定下一步的作法，可能是要做更深入的试验或问卷，或是是决定是否要实行某项方案。

**参考文献**
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**延伸阅读**
Casella, G., Berger, R.L. (2001). Statistical Inference. Duxbury Press. 0-534-24312-6-  jstor = 270939 - Held L., Bové D.S. (2014). Applied Statistical Inference—Likelihood and Bayes (Springer).
*cite journal | last1 = Lenhard | first1 = Johannes | year = 2006 | title = Models and Statistical Inference: the controversy between Fisher and Neyman–Pearson | url = http://www.stats.org.uk/statistical-inference/Lenhard2006.pdf | journal = British Journal for the Philosophy of Science | volume = 57 | issue =  
dead-url = no - cite journal | last1 = Lindley | first1 = D | year = 1958 | title = Fiducial distribution and Bayes' theorem | url = | journal = Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series B | volume = 20 | issue = | pages = 102–7 
*Rahlf, Thomas (2014). "Statistical Inference", in Claude Diebolt, and Michael Haupert (eds.), "Handbook of Cliometrics ( Springer Reference Series)", Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer. http://www.springerreference.com/docs/html/chapterdbid/372458.html date=20140714181530 - first2 = D. R. 
*Young, G.A., Smith, R.L. (2005). Essentials of Statistical Inference, CUP. 0-521-83971-8

**相关条目**
 统计学
*独立性检验

**外部连结**
 MIT  OpenCourseWare date=20210224213339 : Statistical Inference-  NPTEL Statistical Inference date=20190611165744 ,  youtube link date=20210308204437 -  Statistical induction and prediction