太平洋的探索

太平洋的探索是指人类对太平洋了解的过程。截至公元1200 年，几乎所有的太平洋岛屿都有波利尼西亚人涉足，随后又有船只在东南亚沿海和西太平洋海域行驶。此外中世纪时，就有穆斯林商人通过航海来到中国南部和马来群岛。1512年，欧洲人首次来到太平洋，当时葡萄牙人来到太平洋西部。不久西班牙人也来到美洲太平洋沿岸。
1513年，西班牙探险家瓦斯科·努涅斯·德·巴尔沃亚穿越巴拿马地峡并抵达太平洋沿岸。 1521年，葡萄牙航海家斐迪南·麦哲伦率领的西班牙探险队首次横渡太平洋。1815年，马尼拉大帆船从墨西哥出发，横穿太平洋抵达菲律宾。来自墨西哥和秘鲁的其他探险队又抵达北太平洋和南太平洋的各个群岛。17、18世纪，荷兰共和国、英国、法国、俄罗斯等欧洲列强也向太平洋派遣探险队。

**参考文献**

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