寡家蚁属

寡家蚁属（学名：Carebara）又称盲切叶蚁属或重头蚁属 ，是家蚁亚科的一种属。该属包含了世界上最小的蚂蚁 —— 原子盲切叶蚁（Carebara atoma）

**描述**
该属是一个庞大的体系属，拥有 234个有效物种（包括 9个化石物种）和 22 个亚种。

**习性**
该属的物种几乎遍布全球，主要记录在热带和亚热带地区。部分物种在土壤或白蚁的土丘中筑巢，有些物种也会栖息在烂木中。盲切叶蚁属的大多数物种的体型十分微小，并且常年居住在地底，主要以死昆虫和其他无脊椎动物为食。
然而，一些物种是具有大规模掠夺习性的侵略性地面捕食者（俗称行军蚁，但不是真正意义上的行军蚁），例如已经被撤销的巨首蚁属（Pheidologeton）。目前关于盲切叶蚁的行为学和生命周期的研究仍然有限。

**分类学**
该属根据木盲切叶蚁（Carebara lignata）建立，同时也是该属的模式种。它在成立初期被纳入了一个独立的亚科：Attidae，但该亚科现已撤销。后来，该属的分类学地位在族中经历了几次变化：- 火蚁族 Solenopsidini (Forel 1893)- 巨首蚁族 Pheidologetini Emery, 1914
** Small|巨首蚁属群 Pheidologeton genus group
由于不同种姓和多态性的记录不完整。以下分类被认为是盲切叶蚁属的异名：
最终，基于对 11个基因的全面系统发育分析，该属被纳入了举腹蚁族之下。
属的级别的分类学变化已经取代了盲切叶蚁属的一些早期区域修订。此外，缺乏全面的修订，尤其是对旧世界物种的修订，给物种识别带来了困难。为了解决这些问题，研究者对以下区域进行了研究：印度、沙特阿拉伯、非洲热带地区、巴西、马达加斯加和澳大利亚。关于种团的研究最初集中在新大陆物种上，Fernández 回顾了美国物种，并根据工蚁种姓的形态提出了五个物种群。在旧世界，Bharti 和 Kumar 于2013年首次研究了盲切叶蚁属的种群。他们将11个印度物种分为三组，基于 C. asina 的无眼小型工蚁将 C. concinna 种团与木盲切叶蚁种团（C. lignata species group）融合 。
Fischer 等人于2014年建立了 C. polita 种团，该种团与巨首蚁具有形态相似性，包括6个非洲热带物种和2个新热带物种。本研究还将巨首蚁属与盲切叶蚁属同义。后来 Fischer 等人于 2015年建立了 phragmotica 种团，Hosoishi 等人于 2022年提出了 acutispina 种团，但是这两个种团都包括了C. phragmotic。

**毒性**
具有毒液。在泰国西部的一次田间调查中，一位收集者不小心被这个蚂蚁蛰伤了。并在几分钟后内出现瘙痒的皮疹，并在两天内出现水泡。
手在几分钟内出现红疹（A）

**物种列表**
 Carebara aberrans (Santschi, 1937)- Carebara aborensis (Wheeler, 1913)- Carebara abuhurayri Sharaf & Aldawood, 2011- Carebara acuta (Weber, 1952)- 尖刺盲切叶蚁 Carebara acutispina (Xu, 2003)- Carebara adisaki Wimolsuthikul & Jaitrong, 2024- 近缘盲切叶蚁 Carebara affinis Jerdon, 1851 相邻寡家蚁
** Carebara affinis javana Emery, 1893
** Carebara affinis minor Emery, 1900
** Carebara affinis spinosior Forel, 1911
** Carebara affinis sumatrensis Forel, 1913- Carebara afghana (Pisarski, 1970)- 非洲盲切叶蚁 Carebara africana (Forel, 1910)- Carebara alluaudi (Santschi, 1913)
** Carebara alluaudi cataractae Santschi, 1919- 阿尔珀特盲切叶蚁 Carebara alperti Fernández, 2010- Carebara alpha (Forel, 1905)- 高结盲切叶蚁 Carebara altinoda Xu, 2003- 阿美盲切叶蚁 Carebara amia Forel, 1913 阿美寡家蚁、阿美稀切叶蚁- 4=Carebara ampla Santschi, 1912- 安戈尔盲切叶蚁 Carebara angolensis (Santschi, 1914)- Carebara angulata Fernández, 2004- Carebara anophthalma (Emery, 1906)- †Carebara antiqua (Mayr, 1868)- Carebara arabara Fernández, 2010- Carebara arabica (Collingwood & Van Harten, 2001)- 4=Carebara armata (Donisthorpe, 1948)- Carebara arnoldi (Forel, 1913)- Carebara arnoldiella (Santschi, 1919)- 凶恶盲切叶蚁 Carebara asina Forel, 1902- 原子盲切叶蚁 Carebara atoma (Emery, 1900)- Carebara audita Fernández, 2004- Carebara bara Azorsa & Fisher, 2018- Carebara bartrumi Weber, 1943- 孟加拉盲切叶蚁 Carebara bengalensis Forel, 1902 孟加拉稀切叶蚁- Carebara beta (Forel, 1905)- Carebara bicarinata Santschi, 1912- 双角盲切叶蚁 Carebara bihornata (Xu, 2003)- †Carebara bohemica (Novák, 1877)- Carebara borealis (Terayama, 1996)- Carebara bouvardi (Santschi, 1913)- Carebara brasiliana Fernández, 2004- Carebara brevipilosa Fernández, 2004- Carebara bruchi (Santschi, 1933)- 布氏盲切叶蚁 Carebara bruni Forel, 191- 4=Carebara butteli (Forel, 1913)- 卷须盲切叶蚁 Carebara capreola Wheeler, 1927
** 卷须盲切叶蚁滑头亚种 Carebara capreola laeviceps- Carebara carinata Bharti & Kumar, 2013- 栗色盲切叶蚁 Carebara castanea Smith, 1858
** Carebara castanea augustata Santschi, 1920- 锡兰盲切叶蚁 Carebara ceylonensis (Forel, 1911) 锡兰寡家蚁- Carebara coeca Fernández, 2004- 平头盲切叶蚁 Carebara colobopsis Hosoishi & Yamane, 2022- Carebara concinna (Mayr, 1867)- Carebara convexa (Weber, 1950)- Carebara coqueta Fernández, 2006- Carebara cornigera (Forel, 1902)寡妇盲切叶蚁（C. vidua）- Carebara crassiuscula (Emery, 1900)- 网纹盲切叶蚁 Carebara cribriceps (Wheeler, 1927)- Carebara crigensis (Belshaw & Bolton, 1994)- 弯刺盲切叶蚁 Carebara curvispina (Xu, 2003)- Carebara debilis (Santschi, 1913)- 齿盲切叶蚁 Carebara dentata Bharti & Kumar, 2013- 齿突盲切叶蚁 Carebara dentiviris- 4=Carebara deponens (Walker, 1859)- Carebara diabola (Santschi, 1913)- Carebara diabolica (Baroni Urbani, 1969)- Carebara distincta (Bolton & Belshaw, 1993)- 多样寡家蚁 Carebara diversa Jerdon, 1851 全异盲切叶蚁
** 龙盲切叶蚁 Carebara diversa draco Santschi, 1920
** 全异盲切叶蚁老挝亚种 Carebara diversa laotina Santschi, 1920
** 全异盲切叶蚁麦氏亚种 Carebara diversa macgregori Wheeler, W.M., 1929
** Carebara diversa philippina Wheeler, W.M., 1929
** Carebara diversa standfussi Forel, 1911
** Carebara diversa taprobanae Smith, F., 1858
** Carebara diversa tenuirugosa Wheeler, W.M., 1929
** 全异盲切叶蚁威氏亚种 Carebara diversa williamsi Wheeler, W.M., 1929- Carebara donisthorpei (Weber, 1950)- Carebara dota Azorsa & Fisher, 2018- Carebara elmenteitae (Patrizi, 1948)- 细长盲切叶蚁 Carebara elongata Fernández, 2004- Carebara erythraea (Emery, 1915)- 4=Carebara escherichi (Forel, 1911)- Carebara fayrouzae Sharaf, 2013- Carebara frontalis (Weber, 1950)- Carebara globularia Fernández, 2004- 格氏盲切叶蚁 Carebara grandidieri (Forel, 1891)- 粒沟盲切叶蚁 Carebara granulatus- Carebara guineana Fernández, 2006- 般若盲切叶蚁 Carebara hannya (Terayama, 1996)- Carebara hornata Bharti & Kumar, 2013- 湖南盲切叶蚁 Carebara hunanenis Wu et Wang, 1995- Carebara inca Fernández, 2004- Carebara incerta (Santschi, 1919)- Carebara incierta Fernández, 2004- Carebara infima (Santschi, 1913)- Carebara intermedia Fernández, 2004- 雅氏盲切叶蚁 Carebara jacobsoni (Forel, 1911)- Carebara jajoby Azorsa & Fisher, 2018- Carebara jeanneli (Santschi, 1913)- 江西盲切叶蚁 Carebara jinagxiensis Wu et Wang, 1995- Carebara junodi Forel, 1904- 卡米盲切叶蚁 Carebara khamiensis (Arnold, 1952)- Carebara kofana Fernández, 2004- Carebara kunensis (Ettershank, 1966)- 滑头盲切叶蚁 Carebara laeviceps Liu & Zhong, 2024- Carebara lamellifrons (Forel, 1902)- 郎氏盲切叶蚁 Carebara langi Wheeler, 1922- 宽结盲切叶蚁 Carebara latinoda Zhou & Zheng, 1997- Carebara latro (Santschi, 1937)- Carebara leei (Forel, 1902)- 木盲切叶蚁 Carebara lignata Westwood,1840 分类地位条目链接 = 模式种- 长头盲切叶蚁 Carebara longiceps (Santschi, 1929)- Carebara longii (Wheeler, 1903)- Carebara lucida (Santschi, 1917)- 光亮盲切叶蚁 Carebara lusciosa (Wheeler,1928)- Carebara majeri Fernández, 2004- Carebara manni (Donisthorpe, 1941)- Carebara mayri (Forel, 1901)- 黑沟盲切叶蚁 Carebara melasolena Zhou et Zheng,1997- Carebara menozzii (Ettershank, 1966)- Carebara minima (Emery, 1900)- Carebara minuta Fernández, 2004- Carebara mjobergi (Forel, 1915)- 4=Carebara nana (Santschi, 1919)- 南宁盲切叶蚁 Carebara nanningensis- Carebara nayana (Sheela & Narendran, 1997)- †Carebara nitida (Dlussky & Perkovsky, 2002)- 诺福克盲切叶蚁 Carebara norfolkensis (Donisthorpe, 1941)- Carebara nosindambo (Forel, 1891)- Carebara nuda Fernández, 2004- 钝齿盲切叶蚁 Carebara obtusidenta (Xu, Z., 2003)- Carebara octata (Bolton & Belshaw, 1993)- Carebara oertzeni (Forel, 1886)- 恩氏盲切叶蚁 Carebara oni (Terayama, 1996)- Carebara osborni Wheeler, 1922- 奥氏盲切叶蚁 Carebara overbecki (Viehmeyer, 1916)- Carebara paeta (Santschi, 1937)- Carebara panamensis (Wheeler, 1925)- 帕氏盲切叶蚁 Carebara patrizii Menozzi, 1927- Carebara paya Fernández, 2004- Carebara perpusilla (Emery, 1895)- Carebara peruviana (Emery, 1906)- Carebara petulca (Wheeler, 1922)- Carebara pilosa Fernández, 2004- Carebara pisinna (Bolton & Belshaw, 1993)- 光滑盲切叶蚁 Carebara polita (Santschi, 1914)- 多音盲切叶蚁 Carebara polyphemus (Wheeler,1928)- Carebara propomegata Bharti & Kumar, 2013- 拟亮盲切叶蚁 Carebara pseudolusciosa (Wu et Wang,1995)- 矮人盲切叶蚁 Carebara pumilia Fischer, Azorsa et Fisher, 2014- 斑点盲切叶蚁 Carebara punctata (Karavaiev, 1931)- 矮盲切叶蚁 Carebara pygmaea (Emery, 1887)
** Carebara pygmaea densistriata (Stitz, 1925)- 千里眼盲切叶蚁 Carebara qianliyan Terayama, 2009- Carebara raja (Forel, 1902)- Carebara rara (Bolton & Belshaw, 1993)- Carebara rectangulata Bharti & Kumar, 2013- 直背盲切叶蚁 Carebara rectidorsa (Xu, 2003)- Carebara reina Fernández, 2004- 纹头盲切叶蚁 Carebara reticapita (Xu, 2003)- Carebara reticulata Fernández, 2004- Carebara robertsoni (Bolton & Belshaw, 1993)- Carebara rothneyi (Forel, 1902)- Carebara rugata (Forel, 1913)- 坂本盲切叶蚁 Carebara sakamotoi Terayama, Lin et Eguchi, 2012- 桑氏盲切叶蚁 Carebara sangi (Eguchi & Bui, 2007)- Carebara santschii (Weber, 1943)- Carebara sarasinorum (Emery, 1901)- Carebara sarita (Bolton & Belshaw, 1993)- Carebara satana (Karavaiev, 1935)- 邵氏盲切叶蚁 Carebara sauteri Forel, 1912 邵氏寡家蚁- Carebara semilaevis (Mayr, 1901)- Carebara sicheli Mayr, 1862- 西氏寡家蚁 Carebara silvestrii Santschi,1914 西氏盲切叶蚁- Carebara simalurensis (Forel, 1915)- Carebara similis (Mayr, 1862)- 4=Carebara sinhala Fischer, Azorsa & Fisher, 2014- Carebara sodalis (Emery, 1914)- †Carebara sophiae (Emery, 1891)- Carebara spinata Bharti & Kumar, 2013- Carebara stenoptera (Kusnezov, 1952)- 条纹盲切叶蚁 Carebara striata (Xu, 2003)- Carebara sublatro (Forel, 1913)- Carebara subreptor (Emery, 1900)- 苏丹盲切叶蚁 Carebara sudanensis (Weber, 1943)- Carebara sudanica Santschi, 1933- Carebara sundaica (Forel, 1913)- Carebara tahitiensis (Wheeler, 1936)- 大埔盲切叶蚁 Carebara taiponica (Wheeler, 1928)- Carebara tana Azorsa & Fisher, 2018- Carebara taprobanae (Forel, 1911)- Carebara tenua Fernández, 2004- Carebara termitolestes (Wheeler, 1918)- Carebara thoracica (Weber, 1950)- †Carebara thorali (Théobald, 1937)- Carebara traegaordhi (Santschi, 1914)- 粗纹盲切叶蚁 Carebara trechideros Zhou et Zheng, 1997- †Carebara ucrainica (Dlussky & Perkovsky, 2002)- Carebara ugandana (Santschi, 1923)- Carebara urichi (Wheeler, 1922)- 红盲切叶蚁 Carebara vespillo Wheeler, 1921- Carebara vidua Smith, 1858
** Carebara vidua fur Santschi, 1928- Carebara viehmeyeri (Mann, 1919)- Carebara villiersi (Bernard, 1953)- Carebara voeltzkowi (Forel, 1907)- Carebara vorax (Santschi, 1914)- Carebara weyeri (Karavaiev, 1930)- 惠勒盲切叶蚁 Carebara wheeleri (Ettershank, 1966)- Carebara wroughtonii (Forel, 1902)- 大和盲切叶蚁 Carebara yamatonis (Terayama, 1996)- 矢野盲切叶蚁 Carebara yanoi Forel, 1912 矢野寡家蚁- 增城盲切叶蚁 Carebara zengchengensis (Zhou, Zhao et Jia,2006)
**参考文献 =