收获蚁属

收获蚁属（学名：Messor）又称收割家蚁属，是蚁科、切叶蚁亚科的一个属，该属有着100多个成员，命名方式源自罗马神话中的农作物和收获之神梅索尔（Messor）。地下群落通常分布在空旷的田野和路边附近，开口直接通向地面。
该属物种的群落可达到很大的规模，并以其设计精巧的粮仓而闻名。在粮仓中，种子被储存在干燥的环境中，以防止发芽。收获蚁的结构巢穴非常复杂，总体而言，该属物种有着很强大的建筑能力。
收获蚁有很多种分化，并且具有独特的大头特化，它们的作用是搬运种子以及开种子。虽然它们主要以种子为食，但偶尔也会吃虫肉。一些蜗牛壳可能因为其形状像谷物而被带入巢穴。 
收获蚁具有坚韧、光滑的几丁质外骨骼。行动缓慢，形成长长的携带种子的通道。收获蚁往往是单后制的，一个群落仅由一位蚁后建立，但在人为的环境下，收获蚁可以变成多后群落，但这会有择后的风险（蚁群选举最强的蚁后，弱的蚁后将被处死）。
以沙地收获蚁（Messor arenarius）为例，与其他类型的收割蚁一样，它们在寻找食物来源时会释放追踪信息素，并在个体层面上进行操作。 

**下属物种属物种**
该属包括一下物种：- 阿氏收获蚁 Messor abdelazizi Santschi, 1921
*针毛收获蚁 Messor aciculatus (Smith, 1874)
**上海收获蚁 Messor aciculatus subsp. risianus
*埃及收获蚁 Messor aegyptiacus (Emery, 1878)- 亚历山大收获蚁 Messor alexandri Tohme, 1981 亚氏收获蚁- Messor mediorubra- 安氏收获蚁 Messor andrei (Mayr, 1886)
*角收获蚁 Messor angularis Santschi, 1928 小肯尼亚收获蚁- Messor antennatus Emery, 1908- Messor aphaenogasteroides Pisarski, 1967- Messor aralocaspius Ruzsky, 1902
*沙地收获蚁 Messor arenarius (Fabricius, 1787)
**沙地收获蚁阿氏亚种 Messor arenarius alfierii Santschi,1938
** 沙地收获蚁恶魔亚种 Messor arenarius subsp. diabolus Santschi,1938
** 沙地收获蚁底比斯亚种 Messor arenarius subsp. thebaicus Santschi,1912- Messor atanassovii Atanassov, 1982- 野蛮收获蚁 Messor barbarus (Linnaeus, 1767) 原生收获蚁、芭芭拉收获蚁
** 野蛮收获蚁五倍子亚种 Messor barbarus gallaoides Santschi, 1929
** 野蛮收获蚁光滑亚种 Messor barbarus politus Karavaiev, 1912
** 野蛮收获蚁血胸亚种 Messor barbarus mediosanguineus Donisthorpe, 1946
** 野蛮收获蚁萨氏亚种 Messor barbarus sahlbergi  Forel,1913
** 野蛮收获蚁桑氏亚种 Messor barbarus santschii Emery,1908- Messor beduinus Emery, 1922- Messor berbericus Bernard, 1955- Messor bernardi Cagniant, 1967- 布氏收获蚁 Messor bouvieri Bondroit, 1918- Messor buettikeri Collingwood, 1985- Messor caducus (Victor, 1839)- 开普敦收获蚁 Messor capensis (Mayr, 1862)- Messor plinii- 大头收获蚁 Messor capitatus (Latreille, 1798)- Messor carthaginensis Bernard, 1980- Messor caviceps (Forel, 1902)- Messor celiae Reyes, 1985- 巨首收获蚁 Messor cephalotes (Emery, 1895) 肯尼亚收获蚁- Messor ceresis Santschi, 1934- Messor chamberlini Wheeler, 1915- Messor clypeatus Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1927- Messor muticus (Nylander, 1849)- 科氏收获蚁 Messor collingwoodi Bolton, 1982- 同色收获蚁 Messor concolor Santschi, 1927- Messor decipiens Santschi, 1917- 齿收获蚁 Messor dentatus Santschi, 1927- Messor denticornis Forel, 1910- Messor denticulatus Santschi, 1927- Messor arcistriatus- Messor diabarensis Arnol'di, 1969- Messor ebeninus Santschi, 1927- Messor hesperius Santschi, 1927
*移动收获蚁 Messor excursionis Ruzsky, 1905
** Messor excursionis alaschanicus Ruzsky, 1915
** Messor excursionis fraternus Ruzsky, 1905
** Messor excursionis sillemi Stärcke, 1935- Messor ferreri Collingwood, 1993- Messor foreli Santschi, 1923- Messor fraternus Ruzsky, 1905
*没食子收获蚁 Messor galla (Mayr, 1904)- Messor ebininus Santschi
*希伯来收获蚁 Messor hebraeus Santschi, 1927- Messor hellenius Agosti & Collingwood, 1987- Messor himalayanus (Forel, 1902)- Messor hispanicus Santschi, 1919- Messor ibericus Santschi, 1931- Messor incisus Stitz, 1923- Messor incorruptus Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1929- 无刺收获蚁 Messor inermis Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1929- Messor instabilis (Smith, 1858)- Messor intermedius Santschi, 1927- Messor julianus (Pergande, 1894)- Messor kasakorum Arnol'di, 1969- 克孜勒库姆收获蚁 Messor kisilkumensis Arnol'di, 1969- Messor lamellicornis Arnol'di, 1968- Messor lariversi (Smith, 1951)- Messor kazakorum Arnoldi, 1969- Messor lobicornis Forel, 1894- Messor lobognathus Andrews, 1916- Messor luebberti Forel, 1910- Messor luridus Santschi, 1927- Messor eglalae Sharaf
*葡萄牙收获蚁 Messor lusitanicus Tinaut, 1985- Messor maculifrons Santschi, 1927- Messor mcarthuri- Messor marikovskii Arnol'di, 1969- Messor marocanus Santschi, 1927- Messor medioruber Santschi, 1910- Messor melancholicus Arnol'di, 1977
*小收获蚁 minor (Andre, 1883)
**小收获蚁卡普里亚种 Messor minor capreensis Santschi, 1927
**小收获蚁卡拉布里亚亚种 Messor minor calabricus Santschi, 1927
**小收获蚁西方亚种 Messor minor hesperius Santschi, 1927
**小收获蚁摩尔亚种 Messor minor maurus Barquin, 1981- Messor turcmenochorassanicus Arnol'di, 1977- Messor nahali Tohme, 1981- Messor niloticus Santschi, 1938- Messor oertzeni Forel, 1910- Messor olegianus Arnol'di, 1969- 东方收获蚁 Messor orientalis (Emery, 1898)- Messor perantennatus Arnol'di, 1969- 4=Messor pergandei (Mayr, 1886)- Messor piceus Stitz, 1923
*着色收获蚁 Messor picturatus Santschi, 1927- 平头收获蚁 Messor planiceps Stitz, 1917 扁头收获蚁- Messor postpetiolatus Santschi, 1917- 王者收获蚁 Messor regalis (Emery, 1892)- Messor reticuliventris Karavaiev, 1910- 红褐收获蚁 Messor rufotestaceus (Foerster, 1850)- Messor rufus Santschi, 1923- 红结收获蚁 Messor ruginodis Stitz, 1916- 皱纹收获蚁 Messor rugosus (Andre, 1881)- Messor sanctus Emery, 1921- Messor aciculatus (Smith, 1874)- Messor sculpturatus Carpenter, 1930- 半红收获蚁 Messor semirufus (Andre, 1883)- 西氏收获蚁 Messor semoni (Forel, 1906)- 史氏收获蚁 Messor smithi (Cole, 1963)- Messor sordidus (Forel, 1892)- 斯氏收获蚁 Messor stoddardi (Emery, 1895)- 条纹收获蚁 Messor striatellus Arnol'di, 1969- Messor creticus Salata & Borowiec, 2019- 纹头收获蚁 Messor striaticeps (Andre, 1883)- Messor striatifrons Stitz, 1923- Messor striativentris Emery, 1908- 工匠收获蚁 Messor structor (Latreille, 1798)- 亚细节收获蚁 Messor subgracilinodis Arnol'di, 1969- Messor sultanus Santschi, 1917- Messor syriacus Tohme, 1969- Messor testaceus Donisthorpe, 1950- Messor timidus (Espadaler, 1997)
*热带收获蚁 Messor tropicorum Wheeler, 1922- Messor turcmenochorassanicus Arnol'di, 1977
*强壮收获蚁 Messor valentinae Arnol'di, 1969- Messor variabilis Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1927- Messor vaucheri Emery, 1908- Messor vicinus Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1927- 沃斯曼收获蚁 Messor wasmanni Krausse, 1910 沃氏收获蚁
特化大型工蚁- Messor minor x cf. wasmanni (Interspecific hybrid)- Messor hismai Collingwood & Agosti, 1996- Messor hodnii Barech, Khaldi, Espadaler & Cagniant, 2020- Messor spec Santschi, 1927- Messor erectus