北美地质史

北美地质史是指从地球形成到史前时期开始时北美洲的地质以及北美洲陆地上的生物历史。在古生代初期，现在的北美洲实际上位于南半球。
前寒武纪期间，北美出现了蓝菌门生物。三叠纪时期，北美境内出现了恐龙。盘古大陆开始分裂后，北美开始向北和向西漂移。在侏罗纪后期，北美西部的洪泛区是异特龙属、迷惑龙属和剑龙属等恐龙的家园。白垩纪期间，墨西哥湾变得越来越大，此时北美西部的沿海平原是埃德蒙顿龙属、三角龙属和暴龙属等恐龙的家园。
新生代开始后，陆地上的哺乳动物越来越多。始新世期间，北美西部是小型原始骆驼、原始马以及肉食性肉齿目动物的家园。渐新世期间，北美的气候变冷，直到更新世时气候才转暖。此时北美大陆上的物种有剑齿虎亚科、真猛犸象、乳齿象属和恐狼。人类通过西伯利亚和阿拉斯加之间的陆桥抵达北美。

**参考文献**

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