波斯语语法

波斯语语法（波斯语：دستور زبان فارسی  (Dastur-e Zaban-e Farsi)；Persian grammar）是波斯语的语法。波斯语方言变体在伊朗、阿富汗、乌兹别克斯坦（撒马尔罕、布哈拉以及苏尔汉河州地区）与塔吉克斯坦等地使用。 波斯语类似于许多其他的印欧语言。 而波斯语在中古波斯语时期成为一种更具分析性的语言；语法上格位的使用减少，并且摒弃了语法性别的区分。 现代波斯语中的语法创新仍然持续存在，波斯语是为数不多的缺乏语法性别区分表达的印欧语言之一。

**语序**
کتاب آبی را دیدم ketāb-e ābi-rā didam   'I saw the blue book'
*کتاب آبی را دیدید ketāb-e ābi-rā didid  'you (all) saw the blue book'- به من گفت که امروز نمی آمد be man goft ke emruz nemi āmad  'he told me that he wasn't coming today'
*کتاب آبی را از کتابخانه گرفت ketāb-e ābi-rā az ketābxāne gereft 'she got the blue book from the library'

**冠词**
文学: کتاب روی میز است  ketāb ru-ye miz ast  'the book is on the table'.  
*口语: کتابه روی میزه  ketābe ru-ye miz 'e  'the book is on the table'

**参考文献**
 Abrahams, Simin (2005). Modern Persian: A Course-Book. Routledge.- Bleeck, Arthur Henry (1857). A Concise Grammar of the Persian Language.- Brookshaw, Dominic Parviz (2010). The Routledge Introductory Persian Course: Farsi Shirin Ast. Routledge.- Boyle, John Andrew (1966). Grammar of Modern Persian. Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden.- Dahlen, Ashk (2010). Modern persisk grammatik (2nd edition 2014) (Swedish)- Doctor, Sorabshaw Byramji (1875). A New Grammar Of The Persian Tongue, Part 1, Accidence: For The Use Of The Higher Classes In Schools And Colleges (reprinted 2010).- Elwell-Sutton, L.P. (1963). Elementary Persian Grammar.- Forbes, B. (1985). A Grammar of the Persian Language (reprinted 2003).- Forbes, Duncan (1869). A Grammar of the Persian Language (4th edition).- Ibrahim, Meerza Mohammad (1841). A Grammar Of The Persian Language: To Which Are Subjoined Several Dialogues; With An Alphabetical List Of The English And Persian Terms Of Grammar.- Johnson, Edwin Lee (1917). Historical Grammar of the Ancient Persian Language.- Jones, Sir William (1771). A Grammar of the Persian Language.- Kent, Roland G. (1950). Old Persian: Grammar, Texts, Lexicon.- Lambton, Ann K.S. (1953) Persian Grammar. Cambridge University Press.- Lazard, Gilbert; Lyon, Shirley A. (1993). A Grammar of Contemporary Persian (Persian Studies, No 14) (paperback).- Mace, John (2003).  Persian Grammar: For Reference and Revision. Routledge Curzon.- Mahootian, Shahrzad (1997). Persian (Descriptive Grammars).- Obolensky, Serge; Yazdan Panah, Kambiz; Khaje Nouri, Fereidoun (1963).  Persian Basic Course units 1-12. Foreign Service Institute, Washington. (Republished as Spoken Persian in 1973.)- Phillott, D. C. (1919) Higher Persian Grammar: For The Use Of The Calcutta University, vols, 1 and 2. (reprinted 2008)- Rafiee, Abdi (1975). Colloquial Persian. Routledge.- Rosen, Friedrich (reprinted 2010). Modern Persian Colloquial Grammar: Containing a Short Grammar, Dialogues and Extracts from Nasir-Eddin Shah's Diaries, Tales, Etc., and a Vocabulary (originally written in German in 1890).- St. Clair-Tisdall, William (1902). Modern Persian Conversation-Grammar; With Reading Lessons, English-Persian Vocabulary and Persian Letters.- Stilo, Donald L.; Clinton Jerome (1994). Modern Persian: Spoken and Written.- Thackston, Wheeler M. (1993) An Introduction to Persian (3rd edition). IBEX.- Windfuhr, Gernot L. (1979). Persian Grammar: History and State of Its Study (Trends in Linguistics State of the Art Reports, No 12).- Windfuhr, Gernot L. (1980). Modern Persian: Intermediate level 1. University of Michigan Press.- Yousef, Saeed & Torabi, Hayedeh (2012): Basic Persian: A Grammar and Workbook. Routledge.- Yousef, Saeed & Torabi, Hayedeh (2013): Intermediate Persian: A Grammar and Workbook. Routledge.

**延伸阅读**
 Perry, John R. "Persian morphology." Morphologies of Asia and Africa 2 (2007): 975-1019.- title=Persian grammar
*Windfuhr, Gernot L. Persian grammar: History and state of its study. Vol. 12. Walter de Gruyter, 2011.

**参阅**
 塔吉克语字母

**外部连结**
  Persian Grammar by Navid Fazel date=20100714111146  ( English date=20210905053319 ;  German) date=20210905053319 -  Persian Grammar and Resources date=20211129225851 -  Introduction to Persian grammar (in Persian) date=20100721234412 -  Learning Persian grammar: an introduction (in Persian) date=20181114073111 -  A brief Persian grammar course written by Ahmad Shamlou (in Persian) date=20101105001919 -  BBC's complete guide to Persian grammar (in Persian) date=20140226183418 -  Grammar and Its Standards date=20210602230914  is a manuscript, in Arabic, about Persian grammar. It dates from 1553.-  دستور زبان پارسی نگارش دکتر نوید فاضل date=20211001105746  -  آموزش دستور زبان فارسی،چالش‌ها و راهکارها date=20141117020039  

**在线波斯语动词变位**
  Persian verb conjugator - Online conjugation of Persian verbs date=20210827024622