腭针蚁属

腭针蚁属 (Anochetus ) 主要栖息于热带及亚热带地区，少数几种栖息于温带地区，具有触发式大腭 (trap-jaw) ，肉食性。姊妹群为锯针蚁属，锯针蚁属和腭针蚁属是锯针蚁族下唯二的成员，Santos et al. (2010) 的研究支持锯针蚁属是由腭针蚁属演化而来的假说。

**物种描述**
具有细长并向前延伸的大腭，能够打开至接近 180° ，能够以极快的速度闭合大腭。体型小至中等 (2.9 mm ~ 12 mm)。体色通常较为黯淡，棕色、黑色、红色、黄色，有些物种双色。

**与易混淆物种的辨别方式**

**与锯针蚁属**
锯针蚁属的腹柄节顶端具有一齿，而腭针蚁属的具有两齿或呈圆滑状；锯针蚁属的头部后方具有缝线，呈现倒 V 字形，有时候会稍微内凹，腭针蚁属则呈现倒 U 字形。

**与瘤腭家蚁**
在野外小型的腭针蚁常和瘤腭家蚁搞混，但瘤腭家蚁有两节腹柄节，而腭针蚁只有一节。

**地区性物种分布**
中国和台湾地区共有8种：- A. graeffei Mayr, 1870- A. lanyuensis Leong et al., 2018- A. longus Chen et al. 2019- A. madaraszi Mayr, 1897- A. mixtus Radchenko, 1993- A. medogensis Chen et al. 2019- A. risii Forel, 1900,- A. subcoecus Forel, 1912

**物种列表**
腭针蚁属现生115种，已灭绝8种。化石皆产于多明尼加琥珀。
*Anochetus africanus (Mayr, 1865)
*Anochetus agilis Emery, 1901
*Anochetus alae Shattuck & Slipinska, 2012
*Anochetus altisquamis Mayr, 1887
*†Anochetus ambiguus De Andrade, 1994
*Anochetus angolensis Brown, 1978
*Anochetus armstrongi McAreavey, 1949
*Anochetus avius Shattuck & Slipinska, 2012
*Anochetus bequaerti Forel, 1913
*Anochetus bispinosus (Smith, 1858)
*Anochetus boltoni Fisher & Smith, 2008
*†Anochetus brevidentatus MacKay, 1991
*Anochetus brevis Brown, 1978
*Anochetus bytinskii Kugler & Ionescu, 2007
*Anochetus cato Forel, 1901
*Anochetus chirichinii Emery, 1897
*Anochetus chocoensis Fernández, 2008
*†Anochetus conisquamis De Andrade, 1994
*Anochetus consultans (Walker, 1859)
*†Anochetus corayi Baroni Urbani, 1980
*Anochetus cryptus Bharti & Wachkoo, 2013
*Anochetus daedalus
*Anochetus diegensis Forel, 1912
*†Anochetus dubius De Andrade, 1994
*Anochetus elegans Lattke, 1987
*Anochetus emarginatus (Fabricius, 1804)
*Anochetus evansi Crawley, 1922
*†Anochetus exstinctus De Andrade, 1994
*Anochetus faurei Arnold, 1948
*Anochetus filicornis (Wheeler, 1929)
*Anochetus fricatus Wilson, 1959
*Anochetus fuliginosus Arnold, 1948
*Anochetus ghilianii (Spinola, 1851)
*Anochetus gladiator (Mayr, 1862)
*Anochetus goodmani Fisher & Smith, 2008
*Anochetus graeffei Mayr, 1870
*Anochetus grandidieri Forel, 1891
*Anochetus haytianus Wheeler & Mann, 1914
*Anochetus hohenbergiae Feitosa & Delabie, 2012
*Anochetus horridus Kempf, 1964
*Anochetus inca Wheeler, 1925
*Anochetus incultus Brown, 1978
*Anochetus ineditus Baroni Urbani, 1971
*Anochetus inermis André, 1889
*†Anochetus intermedius De Andrade, 1994
*Anochetus isolatus Mann, 1919
*Anochetus jonesi Arnold, 1926
*Anochetus kanariensis Forel, 1900
*Anochetus katonae Forel, 1907
*Anochetus kempfi Brown, 1978
*Anochetus levaillanti Emery, 1895
*Anochetus leyticus Zettel, 2012
*Anochetus longifossatus Mayr, 1897
*Anochetus longispinus Wheeler, 1936
*†Anochetus lucidus De Andrade, 1994
*Anochetus madagascarensis Forel, 1887
*Anochetus madaraszi Mayr, 1897
*Anochetus maryatiae Nuril Aida & Idris, 2011
*Anochetus maynei Forel, 1913
*Anochetus mayri Emery, 1884
*Anochetus menozzii Donisthorpe, 1941
*Anochetus micans Brown, 1978
*Anochetus minans Mann, 1922
*Anochetus miserabilis González-Campero & Elizalde, 2008
*Anochetus mixtus Radchenko, 1993
*Anochetus modicus Brown, 1978
*Anochetus muzziolii Menozzi, 1932
*Anochetus myops Emery, 1893
*Anochetus natalensis Arnold, 1926
*Anochetus neglectus Emery, 1894
*Anochetus nietneri (Roger, 1861)
*Anochetus obscuratus Santschi, 1911
*Anochetus obscurior Brown, 1978
*Anochetus orchidicola Brown, 1978
*Anochetus oriens Kempf, 1964
*Anochetus orientalis André, 1887
*Anochetus pangantihoni Zettel, 2012
*Anochetus pangens (Walker, 1859)
*Anochetus paripungens Brown, 1978
*Anochetus pattersoni Fisher & Smith, 2008
*Anochetus pellucidus no authors, 1902
*Anochetus peracer Brown, 1978
*Anochetus princeps Emery, 1884
*Anochetus pubescens Brown, 1978
*Anochetus punctaticeps Mayr, 1901
*Anochetus pupulatus Brown, 1978
*Anochetus rectangularis Mayr, 1876
*Anochetus renatae Shattuck & Slipinska, 2012
*Anochetus risii Forel, 1900
*Anochetus rossi Donisthorpe, 1949
*Anochetus rothschildi Forel, 1907
*Anochetus rufolatus Shattuck & Slipinska, 2012
*Anochetus rufostenus Shattuck & Slipinska, 2012
*Anochetus rufus (Jerdon, 1851)
*Anochetus ruginotus Stitz, 1925
*Anochetus rugosus (Smith, 1857)
*Anochetus schoedli Zettel, 2012
*Anochetus sedilloti Emery, 1884
*Anochetus seminiger Donisthorpe, 1943
*Anochetus shohki Terayama, 1996
*Anochetus simoni Emery, 1890
*Anochetus siphneus Brown, 1978
*Anochetus splendidulus Yasumatsu, 1940
*Anochetus striatulus Emery, 1890
*Anochetus strigatellus Brown, 1978
*Anochetus subcoecus Forel, 1912
*Anochetus taiwaniensis Terayama, 1989
*Anochetus talpa Forel, 1901
*Anochetus targionii Emery, 1894
*Anochetus testaceus Forel, 1893
*Anochetus traegaordhi Mayr, 1904
*Anochetus tua Brown, 1978
*Anochetus turneri Forel, 1900
*Anochetus validus Bharti & Wachkoo, 2013
*Anochetus vallensis Lattke, 1987
*Anochetus variegatus Donisthorpe, 1938
*Anochetus veronicae Shattuck & Slipinska, 2012
*Anochetus vexator Kempf, 1964
*Anochetus victoriae Shattuck & Slipinska, 2012
*Anochetus werneri Zettel, 2012
*Anochetus wiesiae Shattuck & Slipinska, 2012
*Anochetus yerburyi Forel, 1900
*Anochetus yunnanensis Wang, 1993

**参考资料**

**外部连结**
 Anochetus