科学统一论

科学统一论是科学哲学的一个论点，指所有的科学学科都将合为一体。

**概论**
纵使物理学和社会学是不同的学科，但科学统一论说，它们原则上是科学的一部分。科学论文的统一通常与自然界中的组织层次相关联，其中物理学是最基本的，化学的水平于物理学之上，生物学是高于化学，生物学高于生物学，如此类推。此外，细胞、生物和培养物都见于生物学，但它们代表三种不同水平的生物组织。 
科学统一论提出可以视科学为一个集（例如，在让·皮亚杰的1918年作品Recherche中），其中逻辑是数学的基础，而数学又是力学和物理学的基础；物理学是化学的基础，化学是生物学的基础，生物学是社会学、道德科学、心理学和知识理论的基础；知识理论是建立在逻辑基础之上的。
卡尔·路德维希·冯·贝塔郎非在“一般系统理论：科学统一的新方法”（1951）以及保罗奥本海姆和希拉里·怀特哈尔·普特南在“科学作为工作假设的统一”中对科学论文的统一性进行了明确的阐述和初步论证（1958年）。 杰里福多在“特殊科学（或：科学作为一种工作假设的不统一）”（1974），保罗·费耶阿本德在“反对方法” （1975）和后来的作品以及约翰·杜普雷在“不团结”中的着名论述。科学“（1983）和”物种的紊乱：科学不统一的形而上学基础“ （1993）。

**参见**
还原主义
*大统一理论
*科学的阶级- Consilience- International Encyclopedia of Unified Science- 逻辑实证主义- Special sciences- Stanford School- 系统论- 中心科学- Unified Science

**参考文献**

**进阶阅读**
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