布鲁斯·斯普林斯汀

布鲁斯·斯普林斯汀（Bruce Frederick Joseph Springsteen，9月23日），暱称 "The Boss"，美国摇滚歌手、歌曲创作者与吉他手。斯普林斯汀经常与E街乐团共同创作与巡回演出，此外也以个人的身份或是与其它乐手联袂演出。一方面明显地受到猫王、伍迪·格思里、皮特·西格、埃迪·科克伦与鲍勃·迪伦的影响，而另一方面也受到60年代以来的摇滚乐与节奏布鲁斯的薰陶，斯普林斯汀的音乐也被称作“heartland rock”，带着流行的风味，诗人般的歌词，与美国爱国主义情结，尤其是以他的家乡新泽西为主轴来环绕。他对于表达一般中下阶层民众的生活，不仅是发自内心的诚恳，更有着悦耳动听的旋律以及辛辣直截的批判，让他得到了20项葛莱美奖、2项金球奖、1座奥斯卡金像奖，1999年入选摇滚名人堂，入选歌曲作者名人堂，2004年滚石杂志将他排名为有史以来最伟大的艺术家第23名，2009年获得甘迺迪中心荣誉奖，2016年获颁总统自由勋章。
他最著名的录音室专辑 Born in the U.S.A. date=20210213083157 以及 Born to Run date=20210213083208 恰如其份地说明了他透过歌曲企图讲述出一般民众即使陷入在日常生活的困境时，心中仍旧可以高贵地面对，并解决它。
他创作的歌词时常是有关于经济拮据的人们如何生存。他也日渐被激进政治支持者所认同。斯普林斯廷对于各是各样的救济活动皆不辞余力，正像在911事件发生后，随即发行专辑《The Rising》作为回应。
斯普林斯汀尝试着创作出兼有商业取向的摇滚乐以及带有讽世意味的乡村音乐的作品。他的名声远播以及受人欢迎有一个很大的原因:马拉松式的演唱会--动辄超过四个小时，以无穷的活力贯串全场，无论是激情的情歌或者是让歌迷疯狂的名曲

**参考资料**
 Alterman, Eric.  It Ain't No Sin To Be Glad You're Alive : The Promise of Bruce Springsteen.  Little Brown, 1999.  ISBN 0-316-03885-7.- Coles, Robert.  Bruce Springsteen's America: The People Listening, a Poet Singing.  Random House, 2005.- Cross, Charles R. Backstreets: Springsteen - the man and his music Harmony Books, New York 1989/1992. ISBN 0-517-58929-X. Contains 15+ interviews and a complete list of all Springsteen songs including unreleased compositions. Complete lising of all concerts 1965-1990 - most of them with tracklists. Hundreds of previously unreleased high quality color pictures.- Cullen, Jim. Born in the U.S.A.: Bruce Springsteen and the American Tradition. 1997; Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press, 2005. New edition of 1997 study book places Springsteen's work in the broader context of American history and culture. ISBN 0-8195-6761-2- Eliot, Marc with Appel, Mike.  Down Thunder Road.  Simon & Schuster, 1992.  ISBN 0-671-86898-5.- Graff, Gary.  The Ties That Bind: Bruce Springsteen A to E to Z.  Visible Ink, 2005.- Guterman, Jimmy.  Runaway American Dream: Listening to Bruce Springsteen.  Da Capo, 2005.- Hilburn, Robert.  Springsteen.  Rolling Stone Press, 1985.  ISBN 0-684-18456-7.- Knobler, Peter with special assistance from Greg Mitchell.  "Who Is Bruce Springsteen and Why Are We Saying All These Wonderful Things About Him?"  Crawdaddy, March 1973.- Marsh, Dave.  Bruce Springsteen: Two Hearts : The Definitive Biography, 1972-2003.  Routledge, 2003.  ISBN 0-415-96928-X.  (Consolidation of two previous Marsh biographies, Born to Run (1981) and Glory Days (1987).)- Wolff, Daniel.  4th of July, Asbury Park: A History of the Promised Land.  Bloomsbury, 2005.- Smith, Andrew  Bruce Springsteen loses cybersquatting dispute date=20100323024903 ,  The Register, 2001-02-09.-  GROWIN' UP BRUCE SPRINGSTEEN BIOGRAPHY PAGES 1949-2003 date=20210316060105 . Accessed on 2005-03-17.-  Bruce Springsteen biography. Accessed on 2005-03-17.

**外部连结**
  布鲁斯·斯布林斯顿官方网站 date=2012-05-23 -  Bruce Springsteen Official Publicity Site, via Shore Fire Media-  Backstreets: News, performances, recent set-lists, BTX online forum date=20100805040525 -  Killing Floor: historic set-lists, band histories, etc. date=20210226114243 -  Brucebase: set list database, discographies, etc.-  Photo archive of Bruce Springsteen by Rock Photographer Chris Walter. date=20210308011053 *  Bruce Springsteen tracking website that allows you to track your Boss concert legacy. date=20210210221115  Over 1500 shows from the past 30 years.