弗朗克·韦尔切克

弗兰克·维尔切克。
弗兰克·安东尼·维尔切克（Frank Anthony Wilczek，catIdx=W），美国理论物理学家，现任麻省理工学院物理系教授。西屋科学奖获得者，大学毕业于芝加哥大学。在普林斯顿大学读博士期间，他和他的导师戴维·格娄斯发现了量子色动力学中的渐近自由，他们因此获得了2004年诺贝尔物理学奖。他在粒子物理学和凝聚体物理学都有所建树。

**生平**
弗兰克·维尔切克。
维尔切克出生于纽约州米里奥拉，他的祖先来自波兰和意大利。他在昆斯区上中小学。1970年他在芝加哥大学获得数学学士学位。1972年他在普林斯顿大学获得数学硕士学位，1974年物理学博士学位。他在麻省理工学院理论物理学中心任教授。此前他曾经在普林斯顿高等研究院和凯维里理论物理研究所工作过。
1973年7月3日维尔切克结婚，两人有两个孩子。
弗朗克·韦尔切克出任李政道研究所所长并于2021年11月中旬当选中国科学院外籍院士。

**研究**
1973年维尔切克在普林斯顿大学作为戴维·格娄斯的博士生时发现了渐进自由，即夸克之间的距离越近，其强相互作用越弱，假如两个夸克之间的距离极其近的话，那幺它们之间的核力是如此之弱，以至于它们可以被看作是自由粒子。这个理论（休·波利策与维尔切克独立地发现了这个理论）对于量子色动力学的发展是极其重要的。
维尔切克参与了轴子、任意子、渐进自由、夸克物质的色超导性和量子场论的其它理论的发展。他的工作范围异常广泛，包括了凝聚体物理学、天体物理学和粒子物理学。
他目前的研究内容包括：
*“纯”粒子物理学：理论与可观察的现象之间的联系
*物质的特性：极高温度、密度和相态结构
*粒子物理学在宇宙学中的应用
*场论技术在凝聚体理论中的应用
*黑洞的量子场论。

**参考文献**

**著作**
2008. The Lightness of Being: Mass, Ether, and the Unification of Forces. Basic Books. ISBN 978-0-465-00321-1.
*2007. La musica del vuoto. Roma: Di Renzo Editore.
*2006. Fantastic Realities: 49 Mind Journeys And a Trip to Stockholm. World Scientific. ISBN 978-981-256-655-3.
*2002, "On the world's numerical recipe (an ode to physics)," Daedalus 131(1): 142-47.
*1989 (with Betsy Devine). Longing for the Harmonies: Themes and Variations from Modern Physics. W W Norton. ISBN 978-0-393-30596-8.
*1988. Geometric Phases in Physics.
*1990. Fractional Statistics and Anyon Superconductivity.- cite journal | last=Wilczek | first=F. | coauthors=Gross, D.J. | title=Asymptotically Free Gauge Theories. I | year=1973 | journal=Physical Review D | volume=8 | issue=10 | page=3633 | doi=10.1103/PhysRevD.8.3633 |osti=4312175|bibcode = 1973PhRvD...8.3633G - cite journal | last=Wilczek | first=F. | coauthors=Gross, D.J. | title=Ultraviolet Behavior of non-Abelian Gauge Theories | year=1973 | journal=Physical Review Letters | volume=30 | issue=26 | page=1343 | doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.30.1343 | bibcode=1973PhRvL..30.1343G
*Cite document |author=Wilczek, F., Zee, A. & S. B. Treiman |title=Scaling Deviations for Neutrino Reactions in Aysmptotically Free Field Theories |publisher=Joseph Henry Laboratories |date=1974 |osti=4256152 |doi=10.2172/4256152 
*cite journal |author=Wilczek, F., Zee, A., Kingsley, R. L. & S. B. Treiman. |title=Weak Interaction Models with New Quarks and Right-handed Currents |journal=Physical Review D |volume=12 |issue=9 |pages=2768–2780 |year=1975 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevD.12.2768 |osti=4082874|bibcode = 1975PhRvD..12.2768W - cite journal | last=Wilczek | first=F. | title=Problem of Strong P and T Invariance in the Presence of Instantons | pages=279–282 | journal=Physical Review Letters | volume=40 | issue=5 | year=1978 | doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.40.279 | bibcode=1978PhRvL..40..279W- cite journal | last=Wilczek | first=F. | title=Quantum Mechanics of Fractional Spin Particles | year=1982  
journal=Physical Review Letters | volume=49  
bibcode=1982PhRvL..49..957W
*cite journal |author=Wilczek, F. & M. S. Turner |title=Inflationary Axion Cosmology  
journal=Physical Review Letters |volume=66 |issue=1 |pages=5–8 |year=1990 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.66.5 |osti=6099352 |bibcode=1991PhRvL..66....5T- cite journal | last=Wilczek | first=F. | coauthors=Alford, M.G.; Rajagopal, K. | title=QCD at finite baryon density: Nucleon droplets and color superconductivity | journal=Physics Letters B | issue=422 | pages=247–256| year=1998  
volume=422 - cite journal | last=Wilczek | first=F. | title=Riemann-Einstein structure from volume and gauge symmetry | journal=Physical Review Letters | year=1998 | volume=80 | issue=22 | pages=4851–4854  
bibcode=1998PhRvL..80.4851W- cite journal | doi=10.1016/S0550-3213(98)00111-4 | last=Wilczek | first=F. | coauthors=Fradkin, E.H.; Nayak, C,; Tsvelik, A | title=A Chern-Simons effective field theory for the Pfaffian quantum Hall state | journal=Nuclear Physics B | year=1998 | volume=516 | issue=3 | pages=704–718 | arxiv=cond-mat/9711087|bibcode = 1998NuPhB.516..704F - cite journal | last=Wilczek | first=F. | coauthors=Alford, M.G.; Rajagopal, K. | title=Color-flavor locking and chiral symmetry breaking in high density QCD | journal=Nuclear Physics B | volume=537 | pages=443–458 | year=1999 | arxiv=hep-ph/9804403 | doi=10.1016/S0550-3213(98)00668-3 | bibcode=1999NuPhB.537..443A- cite journal | last=Wilczek | first=F. | title=Quantum field theory | journal=Reviews of Modern Physics | year=1999 | issue=71 | pages=S85–S95 | arxiv=hep-th/9803075 | doi=10.1103/RevModPhys.71.S85 | volume=71 | bibcode=1999RvMPS..71...85W- cite journal | last=Wilczek | first=F. | coauthors=T. Schafer and | title=Continuity of quark and hadron matter | journal=Physical Review Letters | year=1999 | issue=82 | pages=3956–3959| arxiv=hep-ph/9811473|bibcode = 1999PhRvL..82.3956S |doi = 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.3956 | volume=82 - cite journal | doi=10.1016/S0550-3213(99)00589-1 | last=Wilczek | first=F. | coauthors=Babu, K.S.; Pati, J.C. | title=Fermion masses, neutrino oscillations, and proton decay in the light of SuperKamiokande | journal=Nuclear Physics B | year=2000 | volume=566 | pages=33–91 | arxiv=hep-ph/9812538 | bibcode=1998hep.ph...12538B 

**外部链接**
 2004年诺贝尔物理奖介绍─渐近自由 date=20160304185713 -  Biography and Bibliographic Resources date=20120915204455 , from the Office of Scientific and Technical Information, United States Department of Energy-  Longer biography at Lifeboat Foundation website-  Frank Wilczek explains Einstein's massive contributions to science-  Papers in ArXiv date=20170508221158 -  Frank Wilczek discusses his book "The Lightness of Being" on the 7th Avenue Project Radio Show date=20110707065928 -  The World's Numerical Recipe-  Scientific articlesfix-attempted=yes  by Wilczek in the SLAC database-  Wilczek on anyons and superconductivity-  Blog of the Wilczek family's Nobel adventures date=20110930193306 - Freeman Dyson, " Leaping into the Grand Unknown: Review of The Lightness of Being," The New York Review of Books 56(6), April 9, 2009.-  ForaTV: The Large Hadron Collider and Unified Field Theory-  A radio interview with Frank Wilczeck date=20120422082251  Aired on the Lewis Burke Frumkes Radio Show the 10th of April 2011.-  A television interview with Frank Wilczek date=20121119225806  from February 2011 for Cambridge University Television