约翰·威廉·沃特豪斯

约翰·威廉·沃特豪斯（John William Waterhouse，2月10日），英国新古典主义与前拉斐尔派画家。以其用鲜明色彩和神秘的画风描绘古典神话与传说中的女性人物而闻名于世。

**生平**
沃特豪斯出生在教皇国罗马（今属意大利），1849年4月6日受洗，出生日期不明，据信可能为1月1日至23日间。小时候他取了一个意大利语外号叫“尼诺”（Nino）。父母亦为英格兰画家，原为了追求艺术理想而居住于意大利，后来沃特豪斯五岁时随父母返回英国。
沃特豪斯早年在父亲的美术工作室学绘画与雕塑，1870年进入伦敦皇家艺术学院。他初期作品已显现出他后半生画古典题材的一贯作风，在皇家艺术学院，英国艺术家协会等艺术展览颇受欢迎。1874年他以一幅《睡眠和他的异母／异父兄弟死亡》参与皇家艺术学院的夏季展览会获得好评，以后他的作品每年参加皇家艺术学院的展览会。
1883年他与一位美术学校校长的女儿结婚，后生两孩子，都死于难产。他妻子也是曾经在皇家艺术学院的展览会上有参展作品的画家。绘画之余沃特豪斯从事美术教学工作，任过皇家艺术学院委员会委员，而加入各种艺术协会。他1917年死于癌症，因此自1915年开始绘制的奥菲莉亚系列作品也没能完成。死后他葬于伦敦的肯萨尔绿野公墓。

**作品**
他一共创作了118幅画。

**1870年代**
Image:Ondine (Waterhouse).jpg|Undine1872
Image:Gone_But_Not_Forgotten_-_John_William_Waterhouse.jpg|Gone, But Not Forgotten1873
Image:John William Waterhouse- The Unwelcome Companion - a Street Scene in Cairo.JPG|The Unwelcome Companion--A Street Scene in Cairo1873
Image:La_Fileuse_-_John_William_Waterhouse.jpg|La Fileuse1874
Image:Peristyle.jpg|In the Peristyle1874
Image:Miranda - John William Waterhouse.jpg|Miranda1875
Image:John William Waterhouse - A Sick Child brought into the Temple of Aesculapius (1877).jpg|A Sick Child brought into the Temple of Aesculapius1877
Image:John William Waterhouse - The Remorse of the Emperor Nero after the Murder of his Mother.JPG|The Remorse of the Emperor Nero after the Murder of his Mother1878

**1880年代**
Image:John William Waterhouse - Dolce Far Niente (1880).jpg|Dolce far Niente1880
Image:Waterhouse-Diogenes.jpg|Diogenes1882
Image:John William Waterhouse - The Favorites of the Emperor Honorius - 1883.jpg|The Favorites of the Emperor Honorius1883
File:John William Waterhouse - Consulting the Oracle - Christie's.jpg|Consulting the Oracle1884
Image:John William Waterhouse - Saint Eulalia - 1885.jpg|Saint Eulalia1885
Image:John William Waterhouse - Magic Circle.JPG|Magic Circle1886
Image:John William Waterhouse-Mariamne Leaving the Judgement Seat of Herod-1887.jpg|Mariamne Leaving the Judgement Seat of Herod1887
Image:John William Waterhouse - The Lady of Shalott - Google Art Project edit.jpg|The Lady of Shalott1888
Image:Cleopatra - John William Waterhouse.jpg|Cleopatra1888
Image:JWW Ophelia 1889.jpg|Ophelia1889

**1890年代**
File:A Roman Offering - JWW.jpg|A Roman Offering1890
File:Circe Offering the Cup to Odysseus.jpg|Circe Offering the Cup to Odysseus1891
File:WATERHOUSE - Ulises y las Sirenas (National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne, 1891. Óleo sobre lienzo, 100.6 x 202 cm).jpg|Ulysses and the Sirens1891
File:JohnWilliamWaterhouse-Danaë(1892).jpg|Danaë1892
File:Circe Invidiosa - John William Waterhouse.jpg|Circe Invidiosa1892
File:Naiad1.jpg|A Naiad or Hylas with a Nymph1893
File:John William Waterhouse - La Belle Dame sans Merci (1893).jpg|La Belle Dame sans Merci1893
File:A Female Study - John William Waterhouse.jpg|A Female Study1894
File:The Lady of Shalott Looking at Lancelot.jpg|The Lady of Shalott Looking at Lancelot1894
File:Ophelia 1894.jpg|Ophelia1894
File:John William Waterhouse - The Shrine.JPG|The Shrine1895
File:Waterhouse, John William - Saint Cecilia - 1895.jpg|Saint Cecilia1895
File:Pandora - John William Waterhouse.jpg|Pandora1896
File:John William Waterhouse - Hylas and the Nymphs (1896).jpg|海拉斯和宁芙水仙们    1896
File:John William Waterhouse - Juliet (1898).jpg|Juliet1898

**1900年代**
Image:The Siren.jpg|The Siren circa 1900
Image:Destiny - John William Waterhouse.jpg|Destiny1900
Image:The Lady Clare.jpg|The Lady Clare1900
Image:Nymphs finding the Head of Orpheus.jpg|Nymphs Finding the Head of Orpheus1900
Image:John William Waterhouse A Mermaid.jpg|The Mermaid1900
Image:John William Waterhouse - The Crystal Ball.JPG|The Crystal Ball1902
Image:John William Waterhouse - The Missal.JPG|The Missal1902
Image:Windswept by John William Waterhouse.jpg|Windflowers1902
Image:John William Waterhouse - Boreas (1903).jpg|Boreas1903
Image:Echo and Narcissus.jpg|《厄科与那耳喀索斯》1903
Image:Psyche-Waterhouse.jpg|Psyche Opening the Golden Box1903
Image:Psyche Opening the Door into Cupid's Garden.jpg|Psyche Opening the Door into Cupid's Garden1904
Image:Lamia and the Soldier.jpg|Lamia(version 1)1905
Image:Jason and Medea - John William Waterhouse.jpg|Jason and Medea1907
Image:The Bouquet (study).jpg|The Bouquet(a study)1908
Image:Gather Ye Rosebuds - Ophelia.jpg|Gather Ye Rosebuds or Ophelia (a study)circa 1908
Image:Gather Ye Rosebuds While Ye May.jpg|Gather Ye Rosebuds While Ye May...1908
Image:John William Waterhouse - The Soul of the Rose, aka My Sweet Rose.JPG|The Soul of the Rose or My Sweet Rose1908
Image:Waterhouse-gather ye rosebuds-1909.jpg|Gather Ye Rosebuds While Ye May1909
Image:Lamia Waterhouse.jpg|Lamia(version 2)1909
Image:Thisbe - John William Waterhouse.jpg|Thisbe1909

**1910年代**
Image:Ophelia 1910.jpg|Ophelia1910
Image:John William Waterhouse - Spring Spreads One Green Lap of Flowers.JPG|Spring Spreads One Green Lap of Flowers1910
Image:John William Waterhouse - The Charmer.JPG|The Charmer1911
Image:JohnWilliamWaterhouse-PenelopeandtheSuitors(1912).jpg|Penelope and the Suitors1912
Image:John William Waterhouse - The Annunciation.JPG|The Annunciation1914
Image:John William Waterhouse - Dante and Matilda.jpg|Dante and Matilda1914-17
Image:John William Waterhouse - Matilda (formerly called "Beatrice").jpg|Matilda Circa 1915
Image:John William Waterhouse - I am half-sick of shadows, said the lady of shalott.JPG|I am half-sick of shadows, said the Lady of Shalott1916
Image:Waterhouse decameron.jpg|A Tale from the Decameron1916
Image:Miranda - The Tempest JWW.jpg|Miranda -- The Tempest1916
Image:John william waterhouse tristan and isolde with the potion.jpg|Tristan and Isolde1916

**参考文献**

**延伸阅读**
 dead-url=no- publisher= Gründ- dead-url=no- doi=10.1111/j.1467-8357.2010.01104.x- isbn=978-0-8478-0324-8- citation|last=Moyle|first=Franny|title=Pre-Raphaelite art: the paintings that obsessed the Victorians print version: Sex and death: The paintings that obsessed the Victorians|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/art/art-features/5497198/Pre-Raphaelite-art-the-paintings-that-obsessed-the-Victorians.html|newspaper=The Daily Telegraph (Review)|date=13 June 2009|pages=R2–R3|accessdate=2022-07-27|archive-date=2020-10-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020180731/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/art/art-features/5497198/Pre-Raphaelite-art-the-paintings-that-obsessed-the-Victorians.html|dead-url=no.- dead-url=no.- dead-url=no

**外部链接**
 John William Waterhouse.net date=20100529093136  - John William Waterhouse (The Art and Life of JW Waterhouse); date=20200214050126 - John William Waterhouse (Comprehensive Painting Gallery) date=20120123082856 - John William Waterhouse (1849-1917) date=20210424005812 - John William Waterhouse Style and Technique date=20200902204504 - Waterhouse at Tate Britain date=20110110140202 - Echo and Narcissus (1903)- Ten Dreams Galleries date=20120204193311 - John William Waterhouse in the "History of Art" date=20201127013705 -  John William Waterhouse date=20200214050126  专门介绍画家的网站-  奇幻艺术网站，内有多幅沃特豪斯的画作与评论 date=20171216001254