William Ewart Gladstone

William Ewart Gladstone (/ˈɡlædˌstən/; 29 tháng 12 năm 1809 – 19 tháng 5 năm 1898), là một chính trị gia thuộc đảng Tự do người Anh. Trong sự nghiệp kéo dài hơn sáu mươi năm, ông làm Thủ tướng Anh 4 giai đoạn tách biệt nhau (1868–74, 1880–85,tháng 2 đến tháng 7 năm 1886 và 1892–94), nhiều hơn bất cứ ai, và nắm quyền Bộ trưởng Tài chính bốn lần. Gladstone cũng là Thủ tướng Anh lâu đời nhất; ông từ chức lần cuối cùng khi ông 84 tuổi.

**Tác phẩm**
William Ewart Gladstone, Baron Arthur Hamilton-Gordon Stanmore (1961). Gladstone-Gordon correspondence, 1851–1896: selections from the private correspondence of a British Prime Minister and a colonial Governor, Volume 51. American Philosophical Society. p. 116.Retrieved 28 June 2010. (Volume 51, Issue 4 of new series, Transactions of the American Philosophical Society) (Original from the University of California)- William Ewart Gladstone (1898). On books and the housing of them. M. F. Mansfield, NY.Retrieved 15 June 2012.  A treatise on the storing of books and the design of bookshelves as employed in his personal library.- William Ewart Gladstone (1838).The State in its relations with the Church.London: John Murray Albermarle Street and Hatchard and Son. - William Ewart Gladstone (1903).The impregnable rock of Holy Scripture (Revised Edition).London: Isbister and Company. - William Ewart Gladstone (1858).Studies on Homer and the Homeric Age (3 vols).The University Press. - William Ewart Gladstone (1870).Juventus Mundi – The gods and men of 'the heroic' age (2nd edition, revised).Macmillan and Co. 

**Chú thích**

**Sách tham khảo**
 Michael Barker, Gladstone and Radicalism. The Reconstruction of Liberal Policy in Britain. 1885–1894 (The Harvester Press, 1975).- David Bebbington and Roger Swift (eds.), Gladstone Centenary Essays (Liverpool University Press, 2000).- E. F. Biagini, Liberty, Retrenchment and Reform. Popular Liberalism in the Age of Gladstone, 1860–1880 (Cambridge University Press, 1992).- Eugenio Biagini and Alastair Reid (eds.), Currents of Radicalism. Popular Radicalism, Organised Labour and Party Politics in Britain, 1850–1914 (Cambridge University Press, 1991).- Sydney Buxton, Finance and Politics. An Historical Study. 1783–1885. Volume I (John Murray, 1888)- F. W. Hirst, Gladstone as Financier and Economist (1931).- F. W. Hirst, In the Golden Days (Frederick Muller, 1947).- Philip Magnus, Gladstone: A Biography (1954).- H. C. G. Matthew, Gladstone. 1809–1874 (Oxford University Press, 1988); Gladstone. 1875–1898 (Oxford University Press, 1995).- John Morley, The Life of William Ewart Gladstone (Three volumes, 1903).- Sir Wemyss Reid (ed.), The Life of William Ewart Gladstone (1899).- Joseph A. Schumpeter, History of Economic Analysis (George Allen & Unwin Ltd, 1954).- Richard Shannon, Gladstone: Peel's Inheritor, 1809–1865 (1985), ISBN 0-8078-1591-8; Gladstone: Heroic Minister, 1865–1898 (1999), ISBN 0-8078-2486-0.

**Nguồn chính**
 W. E. Gladstone, Midlothian Speeches. 1879 (Leicester University Press, 1971).- Viscount Gladstone, After Thirty Years (1928).- Lord Kilbracken, Reminiscences of Lord Kilbracken (Macmillan, 1931).- Herbert Paul (ed.), Letters of Lord Acton to Mary Gladstone (George Allen, 1904).- G. W. E. Russell, One Look Back (Wells Gardner, Darton and Co., 1911).- Lionel A. Tollemache, Talks with Mr. Gladstone (London: Edward Arnold, 1898).

**Đọc thêm**

**Biographies**
 Bebbington, D. W. William Ewart Gladstone (1993).- Biagini, Eugenio F. Gladstone (2000).- Brand, Eric. William Gladstone (1986) ISBN 0-87754-528-6.- Jagger, Peter J., ed. Gladstone (2007), 256pp.- Jenkins, Roy. Gladstone: A Biography (2002)  excerpt and text search.- Magnus, Philip M. Gladstone: A biography (1954)  excerpt and text search.- Matthew, H. C. G. "Gladstone, William Ewart (1809–1898)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, (2004;  online edition, May 2006.- Matthew, H. C. G. Gladstone, 1809–1874 (1988); Gladstone, 1875–1898 (1995)  excerpt & text search vol 1- Morley, J. The life of William Ewart Gladstone, 3 vols. (1903)  vol 2 online- Partridge, M. Gladstone (2003)  excerpt and text search.- Russell, George W. E.  The Right Honourable William Ewart Gladstone (1891).- Russell, Michael. Gladstone: A Bicentenary Portrait (2009). ISBN 978-0-85955-317-9- Shannon, Richard. Gladstone (2 vols, 1984–2000).- cite encyclopedia |last=Shut |first= M. L. |editor-first=Ronald |editor-last=Hamowy |editor-link=Ronald Hamowy |encyclopedia=The Encyclopedia of Libertarianism |title= Gladstone, William Ewart (1809–1898) |url= http://books.google.com/books?id=yxNgXs3TkJYC |year=2008 |publisher= SAGE; Cato Institute |location= Thousand Oaks, CA |isbn= 978-1-4129-6580-4 |oclc=750831024| lccn = 2008009151 |pages= 206–7 

**Special studies**
 Aldous, Richard. The Lion and the Unicorn: Gladstone vs Disraeli (2007).- Bebbington, D. W. The Mind of Gladstone: Religion, Homer and Politics (2004).- Boyce, D. George and Alan O'Day, eds. Gladstone and Ireland: Politics, Religion, and Nationality in the Victorian Age (Palgrave Macmillan; 2011), 307 pages.- Butler, P. Gladstone, church, state, and Tractarianism: a study of his religious ideas and attitudes, 1809–1859 (1982).- Derek Beales,  Gladstone on the italian question. January 1860 date=2015-09-24  in Rassegna Storica del Risorgimento, a. XL – fasc. IV, pp. 96–104, (1953).- Guedalla, Philip. Queen and Mr. Gladstone (2 vols, 1933)  online edition date=2011-08-20 - Isba, Anne. Gladstone and Women (2006), London: Hambledon Continuum, ISBN 1-85285-471-5.- Hammond, J. L. Gladstone and the Irish nation (1938)  online edition date=2012-03-12 .- Jenkins, T. A. Gladstone, whiggery and the liberal party, 1874–1886 (1988).- Loughlin, J. Gladstone, home rule and the Ulster question, 1882–1893 (1986).- Parry, J. P. Democracy and religion: Gladstone and the liberal party, 1867–1875 (1986).- Schreuder, D. M. Gladstone and Kruger: Liberal government and colonial ‘home rule’, 1880–85 (1969).- Schreuder, D. M. Gladstone and Italian unification, 1848–70: the making of a Liberal?, The English historical review, vol. 85 (n. 336), pp. 475–501 (July 1970).- Seton-Watson, R. W. Disraeli, Gladstone and the eastern question: a study in diplomacy and party politics (1935).- Shannon, Richard. Gladstone: God and Politics (2007).- Vincent, J. Gladstone and Ireland (1978).- Vincent, J. The Formation of the Liberal Party, 1857–1868 (1966).

**Liên kết ngoài**
 Hansard 1803–2005:  contributions in Parliament by William Gladstone date=2015-09-25 -  Mr. Gladstone (character sketch by W.T. Stead, in the Review of Reviews, 1892).-  William Ewart Gladstone Article at Encyclopædia Britannica-  William Ewart Gladstone Chronology World History Database. date=2016-01-01 - //www.gutenberg.org/author/Gladstone,+W.+E.+(William+Ewart) Works by William Ewart Gladstone at Project Gutenberg-  Works by William Ewart Gladstone at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks) 20x20px-  More about William Ewart Gladstone date=2007-04-20  on the Downing Street website.-  William Ewart Gladstone 1809–98 date=2012-03-06  biography from the Liberal Democrat History Group.-  BBC Radio – Programme Two contains a recording of Gladstone's voice.-  Archival material relating to William Ewart Gladstone listed at the UK National Archives-  Portraits of William Ewart Gladstone at the National Portrait Gallery, London
Thể loại:Sinh năm 1809
Thể loại:Mất năm 1898
Thể loại:Nhà thần học Anh
Thể loại:Hội viên Hội Vương thất
Thể loại:Thủ tướng Vương quốc Liên hiệp Anh
Thể loại:Cựu học sinh Eton College