초안:WHO 어린이 필수 의약품 목록

The WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children (aka Essential Medicines List for Children or EMLc), published by the 세계보건기구 (WHO), contains the medications considered to be most effective and safe in children up to twelve years of age to meet the most important needs in a 의료제도.
The list is divided into core items and complementary items. The core items are deemed to be the most cost-effective options for key health problems and are usable with little additional health care resources. The complementary items either require additional infrastructure such as specially trained health care providers or diagnostic equipment or have a lower cost–benefit ratio.
The first list for children was created in 2007, and the list is in its 8th edition lc=yes.
Note: An α indicates a medicine is on the complementary list.

**Anaesthetics, preoperative medicines and medical gases**

**General anaesthetics and oxygen**

**Inhalational medicines**
 할로세인- 아이소플루레인- Nitrous oxide- Oxygen

**Injectable medicines**
 케타민- 프로포폴

**Local anaesthetics**
 부피바카인- 리도카인- Lidocaine/epinephrine (리도카인 + epinephrine)

**Preoperative medication and sedation for short-term procedures**
 아트로핀- 미다졸람- 모르핀

**Medical gases**
 Oxygen

**Medicines for pain and palliative care**

**Non-opioids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIMs)**
 이부프로펜- 아세트아미노펜 (acetaminophen)

**Opioid analgesics**
 모르핀- 메타돈α

**Medicines for other symptoms common in palliative care**
 아미트리프틸린- Cyclizine- 덱사메타손- 디아제팜- Docusate sodium- 플루옥세틴- Hyoscine hydrobromide- 락툴로오즈- 미다졸람- 온단세트론- Senna

**Antiallergics and medicines used in anaphylaxis**
 덱사메타손- Epinephrine (adrenaline)- 히드로코르티손- 로라타딘- 프레드니솔론

**Antidotes and other substances used in poisonings**

**Non-specific**
 Charcoal, activated

**Specific**
 아세틸시스테인- 아트로핀- Calcium gluconate- 날록손- 데페록사민α- 디메르카프롤α- 포메피졸α- Sodium calcium edetateα- 디메르캅도숙신산α

**Anticonvulsants/antiepileptics**
 카르바마제핀- 디아제팜- 라모트리진- 로라제팜- 미다졸람- 페노바르비탈- 페니토인- Valproic acid (sodium valproate)- 에토석시미드α- Valproic acid (sodium valproate)α

**Anti-infective medicines**

**Anthelminthics**

**Intestinal anthelminthics**
A skeletal model of the chemical structure of albendazole- 알벤다졸- 이버멕틴- 레바미솔- 메벤다졸- 니클로사미드- 프라지콴텔- 피란텔

**Antifilarials**
 알벤다졸- 디에틸카르바마진- 이버멕틴

**Antischistosomals and other antinematode medicines**
 프라지콴텔- 트리클라벤다졸- 옥삼니퀸α

**Cysticidal medicines**
 알벤다졸α- 메벤다졸α- 프라지콴텔α

**Antibacterials**

**Access group antibiotics**
 아미카신- 아목시실린- 아목시실린/클라불란산 (아목시실린 + 클라불란산)- 암피실린- 벤자틴 벤질페니실린- 벤질페니실린- 세팔렉신- 세파졸린- 클로람페니콜- 클린다마이신- 클록사실린- 독시사이클린- 겐타마이신- 메트로니다졸- Nitrofurantoin- 페녹시메틸 페니실린 (penicillin V)- Procaine benzylpenicillin- Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (설파메톡사졸 + 트리메토프림)- 트리메토프림

**Watch group antibiotics**
 아지트로마이신- 세픽심- Cefotaxime- 세프트리악손- Cefuroxime- 시프로플록사신- 클래리스로마이신- Piperacillin/tazobactam (piperacillin + tazobactam)- 반코마이신- Ceftazidimeα- Meropenemα- 반코마이신α

**Reserve group antibiotics**
Reserve antibiotics are last-resort antibiotics. The EML antibiotic book was published in 2022.- Ceftazidime/avibactam (ceftazidime + avibactam)α- 콜리스틴α- Fosfomycinα- 리네졸리드α- 폴리믹신 Bα

**Antileprosy medicines**
 클로파지민- 댑손- 리팜피신

**Antituberculosis medicines**
Pure crystals of ethambutol- 에탐부톨- 이소니아지드- Isoniazid/pyrazinamide/rifampicin (이소니아지드 + 피라진아마이드 + 리팜피신)- Isoniazid/rifampicin (이소니아지드 + 리팜피신)- Isoniazid/rifapentine (이소니아지드 + rifapentine)- 피라진아마이드- 리팜피신- Rifapentine- 아미카신α- 아목시실린/클라불란산 (아목시실린 + 클라불란산)α- Bedaquilineα- 클로파지민α- 사이클로세린α- Delamanidα- Ethionamideα- 레보플록사신α- 리네졸리드α- Meropenemα- 목시플록사신α- P-aminosalicylic acidα- 스트렙토마이신α

**Antifungal medicines**
 암포테리신 B- 플루코나졸- Flucytosine- Griseofulvin- 이트라코나졸- 니스타틴- Voriconazole- Micafunginα- 아이오딘화 칼륨α

**Antiviral medicines**

**Antiherpes medicines**
 아시클로버

**Antiretrovirals**

**= Nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors =**
 라미부딘- 지도부딘

**= Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors =**
 네비라핀

**= Protease inhibitors =**
 다루나비르- 로피나비르/리토나비르 (로피나비르 + 리토나비르)- 리토나비르

**= Integrase inhibitors =**
 돌루테그라비르- 랄테그라빌

**= Fixed-dose combinations of antiretroviral medicines =**
 아바카비르/라미부딘 (아바카비르 + 라미부딘)- 라미부딘/지도부딘 (라미부딘 + 지도부딘)

**= Medicines for prevention of HIV-related opportunistic infections =**
 Isoniazid/pyridoxine/sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (이소니아지드 + 피리독신 + 설파메톡사졸 + 트리메토프림)

**Other antivirals**
 리바비린- 오셀타미비르α- Valganciclovirα

**Antihepatitis medicines**

**= Medicines for hepatitis B =**

**== Nucleoside/Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors ==**
 Entecavir

**= Medicines for hepatitis C =**

**== Pangenotypic direct-acting antiviral combinations ==**
 Daclatasvir- Daclatasvir/sofosbuvir (daclatasvir + sofosbuvir)- Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (glecaprevir + pibrentasvir)- Sofosbuvir- Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (sofosbuvir + velpatasvir)

**== Non-pangenotypic direct-acting antiviral combinations ==**
No listings in this section.

**== Other antivirals for hepatitis C ==**
No listings in this section.

**Antiprotozoal medicines**

**Antiamoebic and antigiardiasis medicines**
 Diloxanide- 메트로니다졸

**Antileishmaniasis medicines**
 암포테리신 B- Miltefosine- Paromomycin- Sodium stibogluconate or meglumine antimoniate

**Antimalarial medicines**

**= For curative treatment =**
 Amodiaquine- Artemether- Artemether/lumefantrine (artemether + lumefantrine)- Artesunate- Artesunate/amodiaquine (artesunate + amodiaquine)- Artesunate/mefloquine (artesunate + mefloquine)- Artesunate/pyronaridine tetraphosphate (artesunate + pyronaridine tetraphosphate)- 클로로퀸- Dihydroartemisinin/piperaquine phosphate (dihydroartemisinin + piperaquine phosphate)- 독시사이클린- 메플로퀸- Primaquine- 퀴닌- Sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine (sulfadoxine + pyrimethamine)

**= For chemoprevention =**
 Amodiaquine + sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine (Co-packaged)- 클로로퀸- 독시사이클린- 메플로퀸- Proguanil- Sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine (sulfadoxine + pyrimethamine)

**Antipneumocystosis and antitoxoplasmosis medicines**
 Pyrimethamine- Sulfadiazine- Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (설파메톡사졸 + 트리메토프림)

**Antitrypanosomal medicines**

**= African trypanosomiasis =**
 Fexinidazole

**== 1st stage ==**
 Pentamidine- Suramin sodium

**== 2nd stage ==**
 Eflornithine- Nifurtimox- Melarsoprolα

**= American trypanosomiasis =**
 Benznidazole- Nifurtimox

**Medicines for ectoparasitic infections**
 이버멕틴

**Antimigraine medicines**

**For treatment of acute attack**
 이부프로펜- 아세트아미노펜

**For prophylaxis**
 프로프라놀롤

**Immunomodulators and Antineoplastics**

**Immunomodulators for non-malignant disease**
 아달리무맙α- 아자티오프린α- 시클로스포린α- Tacrolimusα

**Antineoplastic and supportive medicines**

**Cytotoxic medicines**
 삼산화 이비소α- Asparaginaseα- 블레오마이신α- Calcium folinateα- 카보플라틴α- 시스플라틴α- 시클로포스파미드α- Cytarabineα- 다카바진α- 닥티노마이신α- 다우노루비신α- 독소루비신α- 에토포시드α- 플루오로유라실α- 하이드록시카바마이드α- Ifosfamideα- Irinotecanα- Mercaptopurineα- 메토트렉세이트α- 옥살리플라틴α- 파클리탁셀α- Pegaspargaseα- Procarbazineα- Realgar/Indigo naturalisα- Tioguanineα- 빈블라스틴α- 빈크리스틴α- 비노렐빈α

**Targeted therapies**
 All-trans retinoid acid (ATRA)α- Dasatinibα- Everolimusα- 이마티닙α- Nilotinibα- 리툭시맙α

**Immunomodulators**
 필그라스팀α

**Hormones and antihormones**
 덱사메타손α- 히드로코르티손α- Methylprednisoloneα- 프레드니솔론α

**Supportive medicines**
 알로퓨리놀α- Mesnaα- Rasburicaseα

**Medicines affecting the blood**

**Antianaemia medicines**
 Ferrous salt- Folic acid- Hydroxocobalamin- Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents

**Medicines affecting coagulation**
 Enoxaparin- 필로퀴논- Desmopressinα- Heparin sodiumα- Protamine sulfateα- 와파린α

**Other medicines for haemoglobinopathies**
 데페록사민α- 하이드록시카바마이드α

**Blood products of human origin and plasma substitutes**

**Blood and blood components**
Bag containing one unit of fresh frozen plasma- Fresh frozen plasma- Platelets- Red blood cells- Whole blood

**Plasma-derived medicines**

**Human immunoglobulins**
 Anti-rabies immunoglobulin- Anti-tetanus immunoglobulin- Normal immunoglobulinα

**Blood coagulation factors**
 Coagulation factor VIIIα- Coagulation factor IXα

**Plasma substitutes**
 Dextran 70

**Cardiovascular medicines**

**Antianginal medicines**
No listings in this section.

**Antiarrhythmic medicines**
No listings in this section.

**Antihypertensive medicines**
 에날라프릴

**Medicines used in heart failure**
 디곡신- 푸로세미드- Dopamineα

**Antithrombotic medicines**
No listings in this section.

**Lipid-lowering agents**
No listings in this section.

**Dermatological medicines (topical)**

**Antifungal medicines**
 Miconazole- 테르비나핀

**Anti-infective medicines**
 무피로신- Potassium permanganate- Silver sulfadiazine

**Anti-inflammatory and antipruritic medicines**
 Betamethasone- Calamine- 히드로코르티손

**Medicines affecting skin differentiation and proliferation**
 Benzoyl peroxide- Calcipotriol- 콜타르- Podophyllum resin- Salicylic acid- Urea

**Scabicides and pediculicides**
 Benzyl benzoate- Permethrin

**Diagnostic agents**

**Ophthalmic medicines**
 Fluorescein- Tropicamide

**Radiocontrast media**
 Barium sulfateα

**Disinfectants and antiseptics**

**Antiseptics**
 클로르헥시딘- Ethanol- Povidone iodine

**Disinfectants**
 Alcohol based hand rub- Chlorine base compound- Chloroxylenol- Glutaral

**Diuretics**
 푸로세미드- 히드로클로로티아지드α- 만니톨α- 스피로놀락톤α

**Gastrointestinal medicines**
 Pancreatic enzymesα

**Antiulcer medicines**
 오메프라졸- 라니티딘

**Antiemetic medicines**
 덱사메타손- 메토클로프라미드- 온단세트론- 아프레피탄트α

**Anti-inflammatory medicines**
No listings in this section.

**Laxatives**
No listings in this section.

**Medicines used in diarrhoea**
 Oral rehydration salts + zinc sulfate (Co-packaged)

**Oral rehydration**
 Oral rehydration salts

**Medicines for diarrhoea**
 Zinc sulfate

**Medicines for endocrine disorders**

**Adrenal hormones and synthetic substitutes**
 Fludrocortisone- 히드로코르티손

**Androgens**
No listings in this section.

**Estrogens**
No listings in this section.

**Progestogens**
No listings in this section.

**Medicines for diabetes**

**Insulins**
 Insulin injection (soluble)- Intermediate-acting insulin- Long-acting insulin analogues

**Oral hypoglycaemic agents**
 메트포르민α

**Medicines for hypoglycaemia**
 Glucagon- Diazoxideα

**Thyroid hormones and antithyroid medicines**
 Levothyroxine- Lugol's solutionα- Methimazole- 아이오딘화 칼륨α- 프로필티오우라실α

**Immunologicals**

**Diagnostic agents**
 투베르쿨린, purified protein derivative (PPD)

**Sera and immunoglobulins**
 Anti-rabies virus monoclonal antibodies- Antivenom immunoglobulin- 디프테리아 항독소- Equine rabies immunoglobulin

**Vaccines**
Recommendations for all- BCG vaccine- 디프테리아 백신- Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine- B형 간염 백신- HPV 백신- 홍역 백신- 백일해 백신- 폐렴구균 백신- Poliomyelitis vaccine- 로타바이러스 백신- Rubella vaccine- 파상풍 백신
Recommendations for certain regions- 일본뇌염 백신- 황열병 백신- Tick-borne encephalitis vaccine
Recommendations for some high-risk populations- 콜레라 백신- 뎅기열 백신- A형 간염 백신- Meningococcal meningitis vaccine- 광견병 백신- 장티푸스 백신
Recommendations for immunization programmes with certain characteristics- 인플루엔자 백신- 볼거리 백신- 수두 백신

**Muscle relaxants (peripherally-acting) and cholinesterase inhibitors**
 네오스티그민- Suxamethonium- Vecuronium- Pyridostigmineα

**Ophthalmological preparations**

**Anti-infective agents**
 아시클로버- 아지트로마이신- 에리트로마이신- 겐타마이신- Natamycin- Ofloxacin- 테트라사이클린

**Anti-inflammatory agents**
 프레드니솔론

**Local anaesthetics**
 Tetracaine

**Miotics and antiglaucoma medicines**
No listings in this section.

**Mydriatics**
 아트로핀- Epinephrine (adrenaline)α

**Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) preparations**
No listings in this section.

**Medicines for reproductive health and perinatal care**

**Contraceptives**
No listings in this section.

**Ovulation inducers**
No listings in this section.

**Uterotonics**
No listings in this section.

**Antioxytocics (tocolytics)**
No listings in this section.

**Other medicines administered to the mother**
No listings in this section.

**Medicines administered to the neonate**
 Caffeine citrate- 클로르헥시딘- 이부프로펜α- Prostaglandin E1α- Surfactantα

**Peritoneal dialysis solution**
 Intraperitoneal dialysis solution (of appropriate composition)α

**Medicines for mental and behavioural disorders**

**Medicines used in psychotic disorders**
 클로르프로마진α- 할로페리돌α

**Medicines used in mood disorders**

**Medicines used in depressive disorders**
 플루옥세틴α

**Medicines used in bipolar disorders**
No listings in this section.

**Medicines for anxiety disorders**
No listings in this section.

**Medicines used for obsessive compulsive disorders**
No listings in this section.

**Medicines for disorders due to psychoactive substance use**
No listings in this section.

**Medicines acting on the respiratory tract**

**Antiasthmatic medicines**
 Budesonide- Epinephrine (adrenaline)- 살부타몰 (albuterol)

**Solutions correcting water, electrolyte and acid-base disturbances**

**Oral**
 Oral rehydration salts- Potassium chloride

**Parenteral**
 Glucose- Glucose with sodium chloride- Potassium chloride- Sodium chloride- Sodium hydrogen carbonate- Sodium lactate, compound solution

**Miscellaneous**
 Water for injection

**Vitamins and minerals**
 Ascorbic acid- 콜레칼시페롤- Iodine- Multiple micronutrient powder- 피리독신- 레티놀- 리보플라빈- 티아민- Calcium gluconateα

**Ear, nose and throat medicines**
 Acetic acid- Budesonide- 시프로플록사신- Xylometazoline

**Medicines for diseases of joints**

**Medicines used to treat gout**
No listings in this section.

**Disease-modifying agents used in rheumatoid disorders**
 하이드록시클로로퀸α- 메토트렉세이트α

**Juvenile joint diseases**
 아스피린α

**Dental preparations**
 Fluoride- 글래스 아이오노머- Silver diamine fluoride

**Notes**

**References**

**Further reading**
  hdl-access=free -  hdl-access=free -  issn = 0512-3054 

**External links**
en:WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children