エジプト副王領

エジプト副王領（エジプトふくおうりょう、The Khedivate of Egypt、الْخُدَيْوِيَّةُ الْمِصْرِيَّةُ or خُدَيْوِيَّةُ مِصْرَ, xedeˈwejjet mɑsˤɾxedeˈwejjet mɑsˤɾ; خدیویت مصر Hıdiviyet-i Mısır）は、エジプトに於けるオスマン帝国の従属国である。

**概略**
ナポレオン・ボナパルト軍の敗北と追放により、フランスの短期間の占領の後、オスマン帝国領エジプト州はムハンマド・アリー朝によって統治された。
1867年、ムハンマド・アリー朝第5代のエジプト総督（ワーリー）であったイスマーイール・パシャ（在任：1863年 - 1867年）は、綿花収入で得た巨額の富を使ってイスタンブールの政府に運動し、ペルシア語で「統治者」を意味する「ヘディーヴ」（副王）という称号を獲得する。
1882年、エジプト副王領はイギリスがAnglo-Egyptian Warでエジプトの支配権を獲得したため、オスマン帝国の従属国としての支配は終了し、以降はイギリス領となる。
1914年、イギリスは保護国エジプト・スルタン国（ムハンマド・アリー朝）を設立した。

**歴史**

**歴代君主（ヘディーヴ）**
【ムハンマド・アリー朝】
# イスマーイール・パシャ（1867年 - 1879年）
# タウフィーク・パシャ（1879年 - 1892年）
# アッバース・ヒルミー2世（1892年 - 1914年）

**脚注**

**関連資料**
 Berridge, W. J. "Imperialist and Nationalist Voices in the Struggle for Egyptian independence, 1919–22." Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History 42.3 (2014): 420–439.- Botman, Selma. Egypt from Independence to Revolution, 1919–1952 (Syracuse UP, 1991).- Cain, Peter J. "Character and imperialism: the British financial administration of Egypt, 1878–1914." Journal of imperial and Commonwealth history 34.2 (2006): 177–200.- Cain, Peter J. "Character,'Ordered Liberty', and the Mission to Civilise: British Moral Justification of Empire, 1870–1914." Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History 40.4 (2012): 557–578.- Cole, Juan R.I. Colonialism and Revolution in the Middle East: The Social and Cultural Origins of Egypt's 'Urabi Revolt (Princeton UP, 1993.)- Daly, M.W. The Cambridge History of Egypt Volume 2 Modern Egypt, from 1517 to the end of the twentieth century  (1998) pp 217–84 on 1879–1923.  online- Dunn, John P. Khedive Ismail's Army (2013)- EzzelArab, AbdelAziz. "The experiment of Sharif Pasha's cabinet (1879): An inquiry into the historiography of Egypt's elite movement." International Journal of Middle East Studies 36.4 (2004): 561–589.- Fahmy, Ziad.  "Media Capitalism: Colloquial Mass Culture and Nationalism in Egypt, 1908–1918", International Journal of Middle East Studies 42#1 (2010), 83–103.- Goldberg, Ellis. "Peasants in Revolt – Egypt 1919", International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 24 (1992), 261–80.- Goldschmidt, Jr., Arthur, ed. Biographical Dictionary of Modern Egypt (Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner, 1999).- Goldschmidt, Jr., Arthur. ed. Historical Dictionary of Egypt (Scarecrow Press, 1994).- Harrison, Robert T. Gladstone's Imperialism in Egypt: Techniques of Domination (1995).- Hicks, Geoffrey. "Disraeli, Derby and the Suez Canal, 1875: some myths reassessed." History 97.326 (2012): 182–203.- Hopkins, Anthony G. "The Victorians and Africa: a reconsideration of the occupation of Egypt, 1882." Journal of African History 27.2 (1986): 363–391.  https://www.jstor.org/stable/181140 online- Hunter, F. Robert. "State‐society relations in nineteenth‐century Egypt: the years of transition, 1848–79." Middle Eastern Studies 36.3 (2000): 145–159.- Hunter. F. Robert. Egypt Under the Khedives: 1805–1879: From Household Government to Modern Bureaucracy (2nd ed. Cairo: American University in Cairo Press, 1999.)- Langer, William, L. European Alliances and Alignments: 1871–1890 (2nd ed. 1956) pp 251–80. online- Marlowe, John. Cromer in Egypt (Praeger, 1970.)- Owen, Roger. Lord Cromer: Victorian Imperialist, Edwardian Proconsul (Oxford UP, 2004.)- Pinfari, Marco. "The Unmaking of a Patriot: Anti-Arab Prejudice in the British Attitude towards the Urabi Revolt (1882)." Arab Studies Quarterly 34.2 (2012): 92–108.  online- Robinson, Ronald, and John Gallagher. Africa and the Victorians: The Climax of Imperialism (1961) pp 76–159.  online- Sayyid-Marsot, Afaf Lutfi. Egypt and Cromer; a Study in Anglo-Egyptian Relations (Praeger, 1969).- Scholch, Alexander. Egypt for the Egyptians!: the Socio-Political Crisis in Egypt, 1878–1882 (London: Ithaca Press, 1981.)- Shock, Maurice.  "Gladstone's Invasion of Egypt, 1882" History Today (June 1957) 7#6 pp 351–357.- Tassin, Kristin Shawn. "Egyptian nationalism, 1882–1919: elite competition, transnational networks, empire, and independence" (PhD Dissertation, U of Texas, 2014.)  online; bibliography pp 269–92.- Tignor, Robert L. Modernization and British colonial rule in Egypt, 1882–1914 (Princeton UP, 2015).- Tucker, Judith E. Women in nineteenth-century Egypt (Cambridge UP, 1985).- Ulrichsen, Kristian Coates. The First World War in the Middle East (Hurst, 2014).- Walker, Dennis.  "Mustafa Kamil's Party: Islam, Pan-Islamism, and Nationalism", Islam in the Modern Age, Vol. 11 (1980), 230–9 and Vol. 12 (1981), 1–43

**一次資料**
 Cromer, Earl of. Modern Egypt (2 vol 1908) online free  1220pp- Milner, Alfred. England in Egypt (London, 1892). online- Amira Sonbol, ed. The Last Khedive of Egypt: Memoirs of Abbas Hilmi II (Reading, UK: Ithaca Press, 1998).
display=title