マーサ・ヌスバウム

マーサ・クレイヴン・ヌスバウム（Martha Craven Nussbaum, 1947年5月6日 - ）は、アメリカ合衆国の哲学者、倫理学者。研究分野は西洋古典学・古代哲学、国際開発論、リベラリズム論、フェミニズム論など多岐にわたるloc=紹介文。
ニューヨーク出身。ニューヨーク大学卒業後、ハーバード大学で修士号および博士号を取得。ハーバード大学とブラウン大学に勤めた後、1995年からシカゴ大学教授。
アリストテレス的徳倫理学研究のほか、経済学者アマルティア・センとの共同研究で、「潜在能力アプローチ」（capability approach）を提起し、開発や貧困をめぐる議論にも介入したことで知られる。

**受賞歴**
2012年 アストゥリアス皇太子賞社会科学部門
*2016年 京都賞思想・芸術部門
*2018年 バーグルエン賞
*2021年 ホルベア賞
*2022年 バルザン賞

**著書**

**単著**
Aristotle's De Motu Animalium: Text with Translation, Commentary, and Interpretive Essays, (Princeton University Press, 1978).
*The Fragility of Goodness: Luck and Ethics in Greek Tragedy and Philosophy, (Cambridge University Press, 1986).
*Love's Knowledge: Essays on Philosophy and Literature, (Oxford University Press, 1990).
*The Therapy of Desire: Theory and Practice in Hellenistic Ethics, (Princeton University Press, 1994).
*Poetic Justice: the Literary Imagination and Public Life, (Beacon Press, 1995).
*Cultivating Humanity: A Classical Defense of Reform in Liberal Education, (Harvard University Press, 1997).
*Plato's Republic: the Good Society and the Deformation of Desire, (Library of Congress, 1998).
*Sex & Social Justice, (Oxford University Press, 1999).
*Women and Human Development: the Capabilities Approach, (Cambridge University Press, 2000).
**池本幸生・田口さつき・坪井ひろみ訳『女性と人間開発――潜在能力アプローチ』（岩波書店, 2005年）
*Upheavals of Thought: the Intelligence of Emotions, (Cambridge University Press, 2001).
*Hiding from Humanity: Disgust, Shame, and the Law, (Princeton University Press, 2004).
**『感情と法―現代アメリカ社会の政治的リベラリズム』河野哲也訳、慶應義塾大学出版会、2010年
*Frontiers of Justice: Disability, Nationality, Species Membership, (Belknap Press, 2006).
**『正義のフロンティア――障碍者・外国人・動物という境界を越えて』、神島裕子訳、法政大学出版局、2012年
*The Clash Within: Democracy, Religious Violence, and India's Future, (Belknap Press, 2007).
*Liberty of Conscience: In Defense of America's Tradition of Religious Equality, (Basic Books, 2008).
**『良心の自由―アメリカの宗教的平等の伝統』河野哲也監訳、慶應義塾大学出版会、2011年
*From disgust to humanity: sexual orientation and constitutional law, Oxford University Press, 2010.
*Not for profit: why democracy needs the humanities, Princeton University Press, 2010.
**『経済成長がすべてか?――デモクラシーが人文学を必要とする理由』、小沢自然・小野正嗣訳、岩波書店, 2013年
*Creating capabilities: the human development approach, Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2011.
*Philosophical interventions: reviews 1986-2011, Oxford University Press, 2012.
*The New Religious Intolerance: Overcoming the Politics of Fear in an Anxious Age, Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2012.
*The Monarchy of Fear: A Philosopher Looks at Our Political Crisis, Oxford University Press, 2018.

**共著**
Internal Criticism and Indian Rationalist Traditions, with Amartya Sen, (World Institute for Development Economics Research of the United Nations University, 1987).
*For Love of Country: Debating the Limits of Patriotism, with Respondents, (Beacon Press, 1996).
**辰巳伸知・能川元一訳『国を愛するということ――愛国主義の限界をめぐる論争』（人文書院, 2000年）

**編著**
Logic, Science, and Dialectic: Collected Papers in Greek Philosophy, (Cornell University Press, 1986).
*The Poetics of Therapy: Hellenistic Ethics in its Rhetorical and Literary Context, (Academic Printing & Publishing, 1990). 

**共編著**
Language and Logos: Studies in Ancient Greek Philosophy Presented to G. E. L. Owen, co-edited with Malcolm Schofield, (Cambridge University Press, 1982).
*Essays on Aristotle's De Anima, co-edited with Amelie Oksenberg Rorty, (Oxford University Press, 1991).
*Passions & Perceptions: Studies in Hellenistic Philosophy of Mind, co-edited with Jacques Brunschwig, (Cambridge University Press, 1993).
*The Quality of Life, co-edited with Amartya Sen, (Clarendon Press, 1993).
**水谷めぐみ・竹友安彦訳『クオリティー・オブ・ライフ――豊かさの本質とは』（里文出版, 2006年） 
*Virtue Love & Form: Essays in Memory of Gregory Vlastos, co-edited with Terence Irwin, (Academic Printing & Publishing, 1993). 
*Women, Culture, and Development: A Study of Human Capabilities, co-edited with Jonathan Glover, (Clarendon Press, 1995). 
*Sex, Preference, and Family: Essays on Law and Nature, co-edited with David M. Estlund, (Oxford University Press, 1997).
*Clones and Clones: Facts and Fantasies about Human Cloning, co-edited with Cass R. Sunstein, (Norton, 1998).
**中村桂子・渡会圭子訳『クローン、是か非か』（産業図書, 1999年）
*Sexual Orientation & Human Rights in American Religious Discourse, co-edited with Saul M. Olyan, (Oxford University Press, 1998).
*Is Multiculturalism Bad for Women?, co-edited with Joshua Cohen and Matthew Howard, (Princeton University Press, 1999).
*The Sleep of Reason: Erotic Experience and Sexual Ethics in Ancient Greece and Rome, co-edited with Juha Sihvola, (University of Chicago Press, 2002).
*Animal Rights: Current Debates and New Directions, co-edited with Cass R. Sunstein, (Oxford University Press, 2004).
**安部圭介・山本龍彦・大林啓吾監訳『動物の権利』（尚学社、2013年）
*On Nineteen Eighty-Four: Orwell and Our Future, co-edited with Abbott Gleason and Jack Goldsmith, (Princeton University Press, 2005).
*Language and Logos: Studies in Ancient Greek Philosophy Presented to G.E.L. Owen, co-edited with Malcolm Schofield, (Cambridge University Press, 2006).
*Passions & Perceptions: Studies in Hellenistic Philosophy of Mind, co-edited with Jacques Brunschwig, (Cambridge University Press, 2006).
*The offensive Internet: privacy, speech, and reputation, edited by Saul Levmore and Martha C. Nussbaum, Harvard University Press, 2010. 
*Equalizing access: affirmative action in higher education in India, United States, and South Africa, edited by Zoya Hasan and Martha C. Nussbaum, Oxford University Press, 2012.
*Subversion and sympathy: gender, law, and the British novel. edited by Martha C. Nussbaum and Alison L. LaCroix, Oxford University Press, 2013.
*Shakespeare and the law: a conversation among disciplines and professions, edited by Bradin Cormack, Martha C. Nussbaum, and Richard Strier, University of Chicago Press, 2013.

**出典**

**参考文献**
 Citation|和書|title=マーサ・ヌスバウム 人間性涵養の哲学|last=神島|first=裕子|author-link=神島裕子|year=2013|publisher=中央公論新社|series=中公選書|isbn=978-4121100177
category:ニューヨーク市出身の人物