My interpretation of a World Court precedent, or yours, is original research, and doesn't have any weight here.  If you can find an authoritative source that applies the precedent of Denmark vs. Norway to these Arctic islands and draws some conclusions, that's great.  From my admittedly quick examination, the decision does not match your characterization of it.  But that's neither here nor there, because neither of us is qualified to judge the quality of legal arguments.  If the claims to Wrangel Island, etc., were made by the authority of Congress, and recognized by the US government, I have no problem with the articles saying so, with good documentation of course.