Ruger did not claim to have invented the bolt-in-receiver cocking system common to the Nambu pistol, the Lahti L-35 and the Mauser C96. The 31 Aug 2009 version of this article does not conceal that Bill Ruger started by replicating two pistols from a war souvenir Nambu pistol. The Ruger copies the grip angle and balance of the German Luger, is a straight blowback (as opposed to the recoil-operated locked breech Nambu), uses a grip frame stamped in two halves welded together with tubular receiver (as opposed to the forged receiver and grip frame of the Nambu); it has long been recognised that the Ruger pistol combines ideas from the Nambu and Luger with innovative manufacturing techniques from Bill Ruger.