:::::If you are attempting to suggest that the PRC "bribed" Singapore into adopting a language policy in promoting Mandarin, kindly pull up concrete evidence for this before I dump your entire thesis into the garbage can right away. This is an extremely ridiculous assertion conjoured based on nothing but self-imagination. Oh, and you can't even get your dates correct. The Speak Mandarin Campaign began officially in 1979, and by the 1990s, was already tampering off. So just what "preferential treatment" did Singapore optain in the interveening years? On what basis are you arguing that the Mandarin promotion council is "contained in ROC boundaries", while the Speak Mandarin Campaign is not "contained in Singapore boundaries"? Gosh, I didnt know a Singapore govenment policy like the SMC was actually transcending boundaries. So just which territory did the SMC spill into? Er....Hong Kong, I suppose, since it is apparantly getting loads of preferential treatment from the PRC? ) But of course if you feel Hong Kong isnt a part of the PRC, then let me know.