== Misunderstanding? or some other Confusion == 

 The text says as follows on two-factor authentication: "When elements representing two factors are required for identification, the term two-factor authentication is applied." 

 This seems to confuse identification and authentication. Identification is, as I understand it, the statement 'I am XYZ'. The authentication is the processes of deciding if that is true or not. That requires additional input ... password, fingerprint, urine sample ... which are the 'factors'.  Conflating identification and factors seems to be a misunderstanding. 

 Alternatively, I am the one who misunderstands, and in that case that passage may need to be made clearer.