" 

 == Phones == 

 I think we need a table of phones. I suggested this to  on  for the English language article, and he seems to be unconvinced, but it may be more appropriate here. The value of a phones table is to show all the possible sounds that actually occur in English. At the moment, the table only includes phonemes, and does not reflect the fact that most dialects of English have aspirated and preglottalized stops, a glottal stop, voiceless sonorants, that some dialects have an alveolar flap or trill, voiceless w, and so on. This is somewhat unhelpful to speakers of languages that have these sounds as separate phonemes, and recognize their occurrence in English. 

 Here's a phones table with notes. I'm not sure about the arrangement of the aspirated stops, and I didn't include preglottalized stops. Arrangement may need to be tweaked. Also, I'm not sure whether this table counts as OR, or is an appropriate synthesis of information provided by sources. — ·  

 ===Table=== 
 This table shows the consonant sounds in English. Phonemes are unmarked, but allophones are enclosed in parentheses, and dialectal phones are marked with asterisks. 

 {| class=""wikitable"" style=""text-align: center;"" 
 |+ Consonant phones of English 
 ! 
 ! Bilabial 
 ! Labio-dental 
 ! Dental 
 ! Alveolar 
 ! Post-alveolar 
 ! Palatal 
 ! Velar 
 ! Glottal 
 |- 
 ! Nasal 
 | () 
 | 
 | 
 | () 
 | 
 | 
 |  
 | 
 |- 
 ! Stop 
 | () 
 | 
 | 
 | () 
 | 
 | 
 | () 
 |  
 |- 
 ! Affricate 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | () 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 |- 
 ! Fricative 
 | 
 |  
 |  
 |  
 |  
 | 
 | * 
 |  
 |- 
 ! Flap 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | colspan=""2"" | * 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 |- 
 ! Trill 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | rowspan=""2"" colspan=""2"" | () 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 |- 
 ! Approximant 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | () 
 | * 
 | 
 |- 
 ! Lateral 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 |  () 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 |} 

 * Fortis stops and affricates  are always voiceless. They are aspirated  when they occur alone at the beginning of stressed syllables, as in pin , but are unaspirated in other cases, as in spin . At the end of words, they are frequently preglottalized, as in nip . 
 * Lenis stops and affricates  are always unaspirated. They are partially voiced at the beginning and end of words, as in bin  and nib , and fully voiced between vowels, as in about . 
 * The dental fricatives  are lost in some dialects, and instead pronounced as labiodental fricatives , or dental or alveolar stops  (th-fronting or th-stopping). Both pronunciations occur in Southern England, Ireland, and in African American Vernacular English. 
 * The alveolar stops  are pronounced as an alveolar flap  between vowels in the United States, Canada, Australian, and New Zealand (intervocalic alveolar-flapping). 
 * The alveolar stop  is pronounced as a glottal stop  before nasals in most dialects, as in button , and after vowels in Southern England, as in butter  and what . 
 * The rhotic consonant  is the approximant {{