::: Nish, although this clearly off the topic of the article, it's clearly worth a response.  I can't express how strongly I disagree with the notion that bigotry and xenophobia are bits that turned on or off.  The phenomena are much, much more complex and nuanced.  It is valuable, I propose, to discuss these nuances, and to recognize and explore the complexities of bias.  Regarding Achcar v. Chomsky  the discussion was in connection of 'Perilous Power' a book they co-authored, though it was certainly a comment about Chomsky in general.  I didn't make the comment, though I laughed with everyone else at the joke.  I have not desire to gossip or speak evil of Dr. Chomsky.  I wish him health and long life.  Nevertheless, I must be honest:  When I read Achcar I'm reminded of Voltaire.  When I read Chomsky, I'm reminded of Pfefferkorn.