BeIR/webis-touche2020 huggingface dataset:
Ginger marriage should be legal

Last week more than a hundred redheads took part in the UK's first Ginger Pride march. The parade took place in Edinburgh, Scotland, which is home to around 5% of the world"s gingers. The freckle-faced protesters were demonstrating against "gingerism" - which the eumelanin-deficient activists described as "prejudice or discrimination against people with red hair". (1) I fully support these carrot-topped campaigners' cause and firmly believe redheads should be allowed to marry other ginger people, just like homosexuals can now get married where gay weddings have been legalized. (2) Obviously, there probably isn't much demand for ginger marriages - I mean, when was the last time you saw a ginger couple on a date? (By the way, if redheads don't find each other attractive how do they expect normal people to fancy them?) Furthermore, being ginger is a rare condition because red hair only appears in people with two copies of a recessive gene on chromosome 16 which causes a mutation in the MC1R protein. Although there is no cure, as a recessive trait, both parents must be mutants for their child to be born ginger which, thankfully, means only a small percentage of babies emerge from the womb in a really bad temper and grow up to have pale skin and red hair. (3) Nevertheless, even though the number of red haired people wanting to get married might be very small indeed that doesn't mean that ginger weddings should be illegal. Of course, in most countries there is no specific law banning ginger marriage so my opponent will be arguing that such a law should be introduced. Thank you. (1) http://www.thecourier.co.uk... (2) http://www.bbc.co.uk... (3) http://www.eupedia.com...
pc is objectively better than almost all console

i agree with the bulk of your argument, but i think that there is one glaring exception. Garfield kart 2 is considered by 90% of people to be the best video game ever crafted. it is known for its powerful storylines and amazing soundtrack (written and recorded by hans zimmer). Recent data shows that 80% of time that the average person spends playing video games is spent on one game:garfield kart. Keeping that in mind, when you look at the controls of pc, you find that they are wholly inadequate to play garfield kart on a competitive level. Ideally, you would use the ground-breaking controls of the OUYA (2012). The smartphone housed in the ouya system is capable of running garfield kart at a stunning 7 fps. to add to this stunning perforance, the OUYA has the perfect controls for maneuvering garfield and his friends around garfield kart's scenic levels. The only downside that i can see to this console is the occasional glitch (most notably bursting into white-hot flames and dialing the tuckersville county pizza hut). there is also the slight issue of connectivety. Players report an average ping of 756, which causes poor garfield to teleport all over the place. But for the most experienced players, this is actually a far superior way to play.After reading about the OUYA's numerous upsides, it seems ridiculous to call the pc a superior system.
The United States should withdraw from NATO.

"Beware of entangling allances" - George Washington It is my position that the United States should withdraw from the North Atlantic Treaty Organization for reasons of original intent, need, effectiveness, and purpose. By withdraw I simply mean that the membership of the United States be ended completely within that organization. Further implications of the organizations dissolution are also welcomed, but not the primary purpose of this resolution. The first round is just for rules (standard), and clarifications. No semantics. Keep to the resolution. NATO: http://en.wikipedia.org... Good luck.
the concept of herd immunity is a fraud

Let's begin this round by saying that pandemics are not cuased by volcanoes, pandemics are simply infectious disease spread through human populartions over a large region, so i'm not sure where the volcanoes argument falls into relevancy here.Since you want me to address the issues you've raised i'll go ahead and do so. 1. We are NOT debating germ theory, you're trying to push the general purpose of this debate to something that you have already debated previous.Pro: Disease ican only be caused only by inappropriate diet, fecal material contamination, food poisoning and chemical poisoining. Germs are the result of a disease and are not the cause of a disease as stated by Antoine Bechamp.False: inappropriate diets cause diet-related disease, but something like measles doesn't depend upon dietary wellness to thrive. Fecal contamination simply proves germ theory, germs would lie on the feces to cause the contamination. If germs are the result of disease than what is the cause of disease? (aside from dietary wellness) Does this mean that you don't believe in viruses or bacteria?pro: Large pandemics are caused mostly by volcanic activity which causes crop failure and poisonous gases to permeate the atmosphere.False: Crop failure logically cannot be linked to a pandemic, that is just simply nonsense.I would appreciate if you didn't make this debate about what you want it to be about, it is about herd immunization and you are changing the topics based solely on the fact that you want to distract from the main issue, presumably so you can recycle links and statements from your germ theory debate.You keep calling out the government as being spreaders of false information but your entire round 2 debate was based on a link to the CDC, a government run program.You also say i am getting angry and passionate because i said "facts don't care about your feelings", that's an unfounded assumption. I said facts dont care about your feelings because they don't. You feel that herd immunization is a fraud, the facts say otherwise but you are free to feel what you wish.In conclusion:A) Volcanoes cannot be attributed to pandemicsB) germ theory is not the topic of debateC) you are making unfounded assumptions about my emotion for a seemingly unknown reasonD) You aren't citing links to any of the actual important stuff you're saying, i have 3 links about volcanoes and "plague" (one of which is from NASA, a government organization) but no links proving that herd immunity is ineffectiveE) Wikipedia is not a primary source, and can be edited by anyone, it has been repeatedly shown to contain false informationhttp://www.livescience.com...F) I addressed all of the points that partain to the topic at discussion
the concept of herd immunity is a fraud

1. No offence, but Wikipedia is as good a source of information as any other source. Note - The source of any information is irrelevant. Its whether the information from that source is correct or not that matters. Thus, if the government issues reports which are full of mistakes and errors, you would most likely ignore all those mistakes and errors because you have been blinded by the governments authority and power. I used to work fro the government, so I know from personal experience that governments are full of nincompoops who know very little about anything. Governments are communist organisations which are full of people that will do almost anything to get ahead or to fit in with the status quo. Thus, governments can't be trusted. Governments control the health care industries and dictate what is acceptable and what is not acceptable.2. Con -"Facts don't care about your feelings"That's right! Con is getting very upset and emotional about germ theory. He is emotionally attached to his beloved but old and dedundant theories because they represent his past and future. When you attack the basis of a person's beliefs, they will always take it personally. This is called human nature. Regardless, all the facts fit in with bad diet being the cause of most disease. Whereas, herd immunity, is just a knee jerk reaction theory based on primitive fears and emotions. Note - The government harnesses people's fear of alternate thought processes by creating concepts which herd people into rigid thinking patterns. Thus, herd immunity is just an expression of a collectivist government that needs people to act like cattle so that they can be herded. By herded, I mean manipulated and forced to go into places that are convenient for government purposes. George Orwell would understand this concept. He wrote about such concepts in his books like 1984 and Animal Farm.3. My opponent has failed to address a number of issues that I have raised. This is against debating etiquette. He refuses to acknowledge or respond to my statement about bad diet as the cause of most disease. This aviodance could be interpreted as arrogance or fear of being found out. I would take a guess and say that his avoidence of the subject is to reduce the possiblity of mistake or error.4.Con - "If you don't have vaccines, the entire population becomes susceptible to a pandemic that could wipe out huge chunks of human population"Large pandemics are caused mostly by volcanic activity which causes crop failure and poisonous gases to permeate the atmosphere.http://www.telegraph.co.uk...https://www.theguardian.com...https://www.giss.nasa.gov... Thus, the above evidence shoots down my opponemnts false claims that germs cause epidemics. Therefore, the whole combined concept of germ theory and herd immunity are both false concepts.
the concept of herd immunity is a fraud

I will again say, no offense, but I don't consider Wikipedia pages primary or reliable sources. We are not debating germ theory and we are not debating the effectiveness of vaccines, we are determining the effectiveness of herd immunity. I happened to have read your debate on germ theory and it appears as though you lean on a sort of McCarthyism where you accuse scientific theories {1} of being "hoaxes" and "frauds". There is not a single person that you could ask that would be surprised to hear that pharmaceutical companies make fortunes, it's called supply and demand. The pharmaceutical industry relies on there always being a need for something, which is wrong, as I will agree but you can not just blow off scientific theories as lies. I would like to associate this debate with a quote that a man by the name of Ben Shapiro has said on numerous occasions"Facts don't care about your feelings"The herd immunity concept is meant to prevent the entire population from dying, which it has effectively done for a long time, and is to me an unarguable fact. I don't need to cite any sources because it's based on common sense for the most part. 1: If you don't have vaccines, the entire population becomes susceptible to a pandemic that could wipe out huge chunks of human population2: with vaccines, even if some vaccines are faulty and don't always work properly you're still almost completely stopping it from turning into a pandemic, the florida incident involved 67 cases of measles. That number could have been 67 million without herd immunity.Another thing i'd like to point out is a contradiction in your first round argumentI have found that “reporters” (we have few real journalists these days) rarely understand what they are reporting on and always trust and rely upon people in positions of official power, even if those people are unqualified to speak on the subject. Most of the time they run to the Centers for Disease Control or medical university to seek answers.You cited a source to the Center for Disease Control in that very same argument as proof. This is where i will leave it for now, as i feel i've properly repsonded to the last round.{1} Scientific Theory: a theory that explains scientific observations
the concept of herd immunity is a fraud

If vaccine wears off after 5 to 10 years, then, vaccination itself, is a fraud, because the vaccine doesn't work effectively.Note - Herd immunity relies on the fact that vaccination works. Thus, my opponent has just admitted that vaccination is ineffective and wears off over time. Thus, if vaccination doesn't work, then, it only stands to reason that there can be no herd immunity if the herd is not properly protected 100 percent of the time.Studies by Weston A. Price Foundation have found that individuals that have been vaccinated can be carriers of disease.https://www.westonaprice.org...This reference shows numerous cases where vaccinated people contracted and spread disease.Herd immunity is fraud which relies on another fraud which is the germ theory of disease. Thus, herd immunity is a double fraud.Disease ican only be caused only by inappropriate diet, fecal material contamination, food poisoning and chemical poisoining. Germs are the result of a disease and are not the cause of a disease as stated by Antoine Bechamp.https://en.wikipedia.org...(microbiology)the human Note - Neither Luis Pasteur or Antoine Bechamp had any knowledge of the human hormones system; leaky gut syndrome or the role of vitamins in maintaining good health. Thus, all these old theories are redundant nonsense and shouldn't still used as reference material for any health related issues. The fact that the medical system clings on to germ theory after recent discoveries regarding leaky gut syndrome is totally illogical and dangerous to the community.The problem is that alternative theories to germ theory and herd theory of disease are not profitable to the pharmaceutical industry and have not thus been adopted. The machery of profit making is too strong and there is no incentive for universities to drop a system which has been so profitable for them in the past.Note- You can't make any money out of logical health practices like giving up grain, sugar and dairy products. These three unnatural food items are the cause of most disease. Germs have nothing what-so-ever to do with why people get sick. Germs are just scavengers that enter the blood stream via leaky gut syndrome. They are not the cause of disease.Refer to Dr Axe's article - Inflammation is at the root of most disease.https://en.wikipedia.org...(microbiology)
the concept of herd immunity is a fraud

Actually, with all do respect if you would have read your source it states as follows: "However, vaccine-induced immunity wanes after 5 to 10 years, making the vaccinated host vulnerable to infection." 'The effects of whole-cell pertussis vaccine wane after 5 to 10 years, and infection in a vaccinated person causes nonspecific symptoms " This makes your argument against herd immunity nill, if the definition of wane in this context was to decrease in vigor, power, or extent; become weaker than that means that the vaccine simply wears off to an extent, and that fact alone does not disprove herd immunity, nor does it prove true for other diseases. The study also states that the vaccine in some cases does not even last into early childhood, and can be ineffective at preventing infection, but stops disease. Again I will say, this does not prove true with other diseases, if you can cite me a source to an article that concludes that a well known disease that the general public is protected against with vaccination has a vaccine that is ineffective, you could change my entire viewpoint. These quotes were both obtained in the link that Akhenaten cited in his argument, the first quote was taken from the second paragraph of the main text and the second quote was taken from the first paragraph of the "Conclusions" section
the concept of herd immunity is a fraud

Vaccinated children are carriers of disease. Thus, your statement is false. Note - You only need one exception to a rule to disprove a rule. The rules of acquistion by Robert Distinti.https://wwwnc.cdc.gov... Those pushing mandatory vaccination for an ever-growing list of diseases are a mixed bag. Some are quite sincere and truly want to improve the health of the United States. They believe the vaccine-induced herd immunity myth and likewise believe that vaccines are basically effective and safe. These are not the evil people. A growing number are made of those with a collectivist worldview and see themselves as a core of elite wise men and women who should tell the rest of us what we should do in all aspects of our lives. They see us as ignorant cattle, who are unable to understand the virtues of their plan for America and the World. Like children, we must be made to take our medicine – since, in their view, we have no concept of the true benefit of the bad-tasting medicine we are to be fed. I have also found that a small number of people in the regulatory agencies and public health departments would like to speak out but are so intimidated and threatened with dismissal or destruction of their careers, that they remain silent. As for the media, they are absolutely clueless. I have found that “reporters” (we have few real journalists these days) rarely understand what they are reporting on and always trust and rely upon people in positions of official power, even if those people are unqualified to speak on the subject. Most of the time they run to the Centers for Disease Control or medical university to seek answers. I cannot count the number of times I have seen university department heads interviewed when it was obvious they had no clue as to the subject being discussed. Few such professors will pass up an opportunity to appear on camera or be quoted in a newspaper. One must also appreciate that such reporters and editors are under an enormous economic strain, as vaccine manufacturers are major advertisers in all media outlets and for an obvious reason – it controls content. A number of excellent stories on such medical subjects are spiked every day. That means we will always be relegated to the “fringe media” as our media outlets are called. Despite the high quality of the journalism in many of the “fringe” outlets, they have a much smaller audience. And despite this we are having an enormous effect on the debate.
the concept of herd immunity is a fraud

The concept of herd immunity is a very real, and basic one. when you have a group of 1,000 individuals in a test environment and 5 of those people get sick with an infectious disease, for our model let's say Measles. Without vaccines to protect the majority of the population from contracting Measles, the number of infected individuals would sky rocket tremendously, from 5 people infected with such an infectious, but preventable disease would quickly infect up to over 1/2 of the population with Measles. That model combined with actual accounts of isolated Measles in non-vaccinated children proves the effectiveness of Vaccines in protecting the herd (A group of mammals living together for protection).
the concept of herd immunity is a fraud

The first problem with you debate is you "debunking" my idea that crop failure is not directly contributed to pandemics. There was a Typhus epidemic which is also a Wikipedia source, so I don't know if you can trust that source. There is a difference between an epidemic and a pandemic, a pandemic occurs within an entire country or the world, an epidemic is spread throughout a community. We do not see a clear map of where these epidemics happened, and Typhus is not a disease of which vaccination is currently available for. According to your source it says that the widespread crop failure was caused by major environmental changes, and not volcanoes as you stated previous, also, this has nothing to do with herd immunization, so you've essentially wasted my time with me responding to this. To respond to the Cholera incident as mentioned in China during this period, that was caused by major weather shifts, as china's monsoon season was interrupted by a volcano.Allow me to respond to your point labeled "2."The notion that junk food will cause a measles outbreak is simply ridiculous and it's audacious for you to say that during a debate against herd immunization, there was not one shred of evidence to back that up, so we've debunked that notion due to the fact that you should be providing these evidencesIn you're point labeled "3." you say that viruses are not real, but bacteria is, but you've debunked your entire debate. Bacteria are listen under the category of a germ, so you believe in germs, but not germ theory? Also, there is a wealth of evidence that shows that viruses are indeed non fictional http://www.popsci.com...https://phys.org...http://www.wired.co.uk...https://www.sciencedaily.com...and here is a little link related to germ theory just because http://science.jrank.org...Now onto the main point of debate, herd immunization. You haven't given me any real proof that general herd immunization is a fraud, myth, or lie. The paper you copy pasted from Dr. Russell Blaylock doesn't have its sources listed, who knows if that's really true, what that man supposedly said. I've given you the definition of herd immunity and asked for legitimate evidence as to debunk it, not just with the whooping cough vaccine, and you can't. This debate is over, I don't need a final "coup de grace", I just need it to be known that I was using facts, and my opponent was distracting from the true purpose of the debate. He gave me no legitimate evidence against germ theory or herd immunization, and through all of that blamed volcanoes and crop failure for massive pandemics, like the Bubonic Plague. Voters, whoever is reading this debate right now, hopefully you, for yourself can see the evidence just as I am.No hard feelings Akhenaten, it was an excellent debate, had much fun doing it. Nothing I said was meant to be disrespectful if at all taken with offense
Resolved: On balance, standardized testing is beneficial to k-12 education in the U.S

1. Not All Students The Same Badertscher, Eric, and Heather Newton. "Counterpoint: National Education Standards Overlook Individuals And Local Communities." Points Of View: Standardized Testing (2015): 3. Points of View Reference Center. Web. 20 Nov. 2015. http://web.b.ebscohost.com... Standardized testing presents numerous problems in American education. First, it fails to take into account that not all children learn in same way. This is especially true in the primary grades, when children are still new to school in general. Even children with high intelligence may find themselves placed in remedial courses if they do not perform well on standardized tests. State and federal educational bureaucracies tend to use standardized testing as a way to increase their own control over the educational process. By establishing state or national standards, they reduce the role of the free market. Even private schools, for example, which accept school vouchers and are often developed by parents unhappy with local public school systems, find themselves subject to increased governmental oversight through forced conformity with federal standardized testingrequirements. Even state officials have discouraged home schooling on the grounds that this method doesn't provide sufficient standardized testing opportunities. In the bigger picture, the public needs to recognize that bureaucracies (whether local, state, or federal) cannot solve all educational problems. Parents must recognize that children are at school for only part of the day; learning, however, can take place all day long. Thus, parents can look for ways to teach children important concepts after school and during the summer when they are not at school. Parents can also encourage local school boards to use other forms of testingto gain a better assessment of each student's academic progress. Standardized tests have also been linked to an overemphasis on vocational education. For example, students learn business math, but are not taught the larger concepts of critical thinking in mathematics. Likewise, some English classes focus on business writing, rather than teaching students to write essays that develop analytical skills. Education should focus as much on pure intellectual growth and being a good citizen, as on earning a living and passing a test