BeIR/webis-touche2020 huggingface dataset:
Psychological harms of polygamy

Polygamy can cause serious psychological harms to one part of the marriage and the children. Marriage is an institution having raising children as one of the main goals. An ideal background for growing up means two parents – a mother and a father equally representing the two sexes. Growing up in a polygamous family may have disadvantages such as: a) Understanding that one sex is superior to the other when it is not represented in equal number in the marriage. b) Authorities confusion – Who should the children listen to particularly? Is the other “mum”´s word as important as the real mother´s? This might also lead to worsening of the relationship between the adults caused by envy that one partner is loved more by the children than the other or the discreditation of their authority which leads to great feeling of inferiority and frustration. Women in polygyny marriage usually do not have the say whether the man marries another woman. Being one of many spouses makes them feel inferior next to the single opposite-sex spouse who represents „the king of the household“ and the superior same-sex spouse. Long-term frustration coupled with feeling of own inferiority can result in suicides or mental disorders. The mental health of women from polygamous marriages are much worse than of those from monogamy couples and they have notably lower self-esteem and life satisfaction. [[http://goo.gl/iaQ8n]] We can see that even if the spouses enter a polygamy marriage voluntarily, they end up suffering from severe psychological damage. More importantly we need to take into consideration the children who can not choose their family – the mental health of the parents have a bad impact on children as the development is strictly determined by the family atmosphere. Therefore polygamous marriage should not be recognized in order to prevent such harms.
It would destroy immigration policies

In most countries, giving visas to immigrants is based on various factors.The most valued factor is the possible relationship with a person already living in host country. If applying person has wife, husband or family, the possibility of acceptance is high.With recognising polygamous marriage, immigrants will have no boundaries in marrying foreigners to achieve higher possibility of being accepted and obtaining citizenship.Nowadays,using of this weakness in immigration policies is limited to one person per citizen during large period of time. With recognising polygamous marriage, individuals will marry simultaneously multiple partners, which can be even for financial return.With official relatives,the number of immigrants can increase and the possibility of dismissing of their application will be minimal.In USA,more than 2.3 million foreign nationals got permanent resident (LPR) status in this manner between 1998 and 2007 [[http://goo.gl/Owx6k]].Huge amount of immigrants will seriously harm the host country on economic and social level.Because they won’t have in real life any place to stay, welfare system will be more used,criminal rate can increase because immigrants in financial difficulties will find crime as the easiest solution, and living standard in country can decrease.Moreover,increased flow of immigrants will cause higher unemployment of low skilled natives, because immigrants are very often less educated and they have language barrier.Therefore,the low-paid jobs are the most probable solution, which causes that 1880000 American workers are nowadays displaced from their jobs every year by immigration [[http://goo.gl/UInaC]]. Secondly,there will be social tension, because the amount of immigrants won’t be able to assimilate in society causing creation of ghettos and small groups willing to compete with natives,which can increase xenophobia and harm rights and freedoms of greater amount of people than willing to have polygamy [[http://goo.gl/LVhjB]].
More Prosperous Family

By having polygamous marriage in practice, we can lessen a considerable number of burdens such as financial hardship, domestic strife, everyday stresses, which are truly the main causes of divorcing and non-prosperous family. All these problems have been at present when the family lacked an strength or an energy to handle the endless demands of life. It is not , of course, about the incapability of making life but the inevitable hardships of many of us. We are doubtful about the loving parents, bereft of any money, would have the time to love, to care, and even to feed their emaciated children when there are the works to be done and the money to be earned. Then why not can we have the partners that are not limited into the stereotyped number of two and make our life smoother? Not only would the polygamous marriage maintain the serene of the family but also prompt them into the promising prosperity. Rationally, we see that unanimous four-partnered polygamous family will be earning more money and organizing domestic affairs more easily than the two-partnered. And as it is our main stance, we are not compromising a very value of monogamy but have got the people to know that there is a choice of polygamy that might be satisfactory to them. In conclusion, we believe the polygamous marriage would bring with itself a prosperity that is indispensable in maintaining the stability of family and prompting them to the better life.
REALITY OF THE SITUATION

We agree that “it will rationally become common rather than rare which will prompt the polygamy to be spread out around more places in the world, if not drastically” stated in the 3rd affirmative point and would like to prevent it. As more wives are considered as power and pride for a man whereas a woman married to more men becomes neglected and disliked by the society and current societies of Asia, just like the Muslim world, justify polygyny rather than polyandry [[http://goo.gl/qbFPJ]], we believe that polygyny is more common and need to point out a contradiction of the 1st refutation that polygyny does not prevail, with the 3rd point “polygyny (as is now the main prevalence in our society)”. Since polygamy would widely increase and polygyny is more common, numbers of unmarried men willing to marry yet unable to find a free wife will be an inevitable situation.Greater number of men would not cause huge spread of polyandry. Ratio of unmarried men and available women would increase which can just by few percent have enormous impacts on society and individuals having psychical and health problems. [[http://goo.gl/zbfMT]] There are plenty strong confident women nowadays, but they are different from those entering polygamous marriage- strong women wouldn´t share their man. The not as pushy women feel inferior. Inferiority is caused by the inequality made by one male having the same value as more women. Each woman has different needs and wishes making it impossible for the man to treat them equally which also causes inequality on the level of the relationship between women and on the level of the relationship between man and women.Divorce could be a solution but there are intrinsic factors such as having to leave behind a child, economic benefits of staying married or fearing the husband that finally lead to staying married[[http://goo.gl/ixe82]]. Recognising polygamy is a bad choice because in reality things don´t work so harmonically.
Flavoring efficiency for limited supplies:

The limitless usage of obsequies electronic devices and machines such as cars, TVs, ovens, refrigerators and all the things that we use at every moment everywhere will bring with itself from the present to the future, as we more than often hear, the catastrophic consequence of our earth being deserted of any plants and, of course, fresh air, water ( because the nature is the system, all the things depend on one another ) that are, as we and every earthly people will believe, the most important things to consider first other than the visas of unknown mortals, devious accusation of one man’s own liberal decision with women , the simplicity of opposition viciously exaggerating polygamy as a hell as to be a venue of suicide or the severe punishment for unmarried minority. Logically, we see the very efficiency of six-partnered polygamous family having a one refrigerator (the example and the main reason of global warming) but on the contrary, in polygyny (as is now the main prevalence in our society), those five women of the said six-partnered family must have had a five refrigerator or a five micro oven of each of her own in plain monogamy. And also, if it’s really what opposition wants to think that polygamous family will spend their money per member and will not be considered as a rich or prosperous because the feeding and spending of so many people, we thank the opposition for the idea that the greater the number of family member, the much the efficiency in general. Because, in monogamous family, the members will virtually be in low number which means a little money for the privation and other needs and much money for the things as cars, TVs, computers so on, which are the main animosities of well-being of natural and therefore, systematically, human being. So at the end of the day, we again thank the opposition, and believe in the assumption that the more polygamous family the better the efficiency from the present to the future, economically and systematicall
Impact of recognising polygamous marriage

As proposition we strongly disagree that the impact of recognising polygamous marriage would be negative and that we can do nothing about it. We believe that publicising polygamy would make people more aware and will erase the problems polygamy does have but it also will show that there is more good than bad. We understand the opposition's point that more people will pursue polygamy if it is legal. But this is self evident, as people would be unlikely to do something illegal and practise it more if it is legal. But also people who do start to marry will be people who have already practised polygamous relationships and know that it is better for them. Obviously, no rational person would engage in any nuptial relations unless they are completely sure it is better for them. They would experiment and have long term relations with people and only decide to marry if it's beneficial for them, and they want to do it. We are not forcing any one into anything that is harmful, but rather we give them a choice because it could be better. Secondly, team opposition, claim that women's rights will be limited. This is not true. Murdoch says that polygyny will prevail, but looking at the reasons why, this information is outdated and overlooked. People used to value lots of children because they needed as much help to assist the family business. And even in labour work, 5 husbands would be better than 5 children. Wombs maybe scarce but in today's society a family may only need 1-5 children, and that can be achieved without 3-7 wives. In today's society, their are millions of confident, strong women willing to take the lead. And as we introduce polygamy more and more people will be aware and this biased belief of male dominance will be erased. Because there are homosexuals, hetrosexuals, and mixed. All different in representation of sex. Some women may want polygyny, and some men want polyandry. We want people to choose, we don't want society to say polygyny will prevail.
It would create demographic imbalance

Firstly this is a choice among people. We do not encourage people to have polygamous marriages. So even if we legalise it not everyone would be married. Just like not everyone has married in a monogamous way. But we know that by making it legal and publicising It, the world would start to understand that women have every right as well. So sooner or later, more and more women would start having multiple husbands. Now, because then there would be polyandry and polygyny, that the female, male ratio would be normal. Also it is not destined that every man or women should get married. Some don't even want to. So it's not a rule that every man who is not married is miserable and excluded. Many people even just have long term relationships, without marriage. Married people can divorce, people could die. All this, makes it hard for anyone to just say that a little imbalance will cause such a big problem, because unevenness is inevitable it could not cause a problem, we already live in an imbalanced world. And finally who said, a unmarried person has all those problems. It's not because there is polygamy that the person can't find a spouse. But it's more of a social conflict, "can you get a person to like you and spend time with you". Polygamy is just a way you can shape this relationship, but it is not the cause or the solution.
ROLE OF STATE

If a man wants to marry into a citizen of a MEDC he does find the spouse. However when there is one person willing to do this then there would be more "costumers" to this fraud. Rather than having many felons all over the country the criminal scope will be narrowed down to only a few, making it easier for the state to take action and lesser people forced into this. Thus, all the native problems will actually be decreased by the more suspicious felons. We believe that illegal polygamy will be of more damage to the children's and the mothers' mental development than legal one. With no legal registration under the law the women in polygamy are more vulnerable to abuse. Because there are no state law for these illegal wives and children, they are scared and ashamed of contacting lawful institutions when they are abused. Since polygamy is illegal they are under constant pressure of hiding their relationships with the men and therefore seize to make it public by contacting the police. For the children, when they are raised to hide their true identity and origins they build a psychological burden which is more capable of causing disturbed mental development rather than inequality of sexes. When the father sneaks to meet his second wife and the children born between them, the children are incapable of building a father figure, a male resemblance at all. These cause far more extreme problems than when divorce occurs. When a polygamous marriage takes place both parties have to go through the circumstances of any marriage. This marriage will have to approved by all the wives if a man wants have another wife (in the case of a polygyny). Thus, having been through broader and deeper consideration the marriage will be less likely to end up in a divorce. Also if the father dies the illegal wife and children are legally under no condition of receiving possessions. Therefore the state should make polygamy legal to improve the conditions of illegal wives and children.
Freedom and rights

Proposition is willing to achieve a not existing right by breaking many others. The main point in this debate which was completely missed be the side of government is that we are talking about recognition of marriage not polygamy itself so everybody is free to live in a polygamous family if he wishes to as it is in the status quo, but official recognition will allow officially breaking more rights and freedoms. Firstly, it is impossible to achieve equality between spouses, because most of women will be oppressed by the unequal and stressing families [[http://goo.gl/eYY0L]]. Secondly, the freedom of choice is also limited by impossibility to decide about new partners. Moreover, we argue that polygamous marriage will harm the freedom of choice of men because most of them will not have a partner at all. That creates social tensions and they just don't have any right to decide. The consequences on breaking rights and freedoms with recognising polygamy will be much bigger then benefit of one individual, which are even impossible to achieve; therefore, the state should not recognise it. There is difference between polygamous and same-sex marriage. Lesbian or gay behaviour is naturally given and it wasn’t choice of the person, where on the other hand, it is not proven that people are born polygamist and it is just a desire of person instead of natural orientation. Moreover, not all countries recognise gay marriage and proposition failed to justify why it is the same case as polygamous marriage. Even if men would be polygamist by nature, it doesn’t mean that we should strive for it and support it.
Czech Republic summary

Proposition had burden to prove that recognition of polygamy is essential and brings more benefits then harms. This wasn’t done sufficiently as affirmative side was mostly arguing about benefits of sharing a household (ecological view, multiculturalism and financial efficiency) where is no need of state recognition because people can live freely together all over the world. Proposition hasn’t proved that there is an actual strong demand showing that there is no need of change. Instead of dealing with the most important issues, they pointed out just side effects assuming possible pros polygamy could have not being supported by any evidence. We have shown using several pieces of evidence that those cases would not work the way proposition assumed. In the 6 opposing arguments we have been continually proving that polygamy would bring severe damage to individuals, families and the whole society which would finally effect the safe state functioning. We lacked reaction for unavailable women or explanation how gender equality will be achieved. Affirmatives agreed that polygamous families will be in worse situation which means losing their own 1st point and causing a huge contradiction in their team line. They were for freedoms of choosing a partner with promoting mandatory multiculturalism against will of individuals. Lastly, they claimed differently in each argument if polygyny will prevail making their case inconsistent even more. If the only reason should be freedom of choice, we have shown that polygamous marriage brings so many harms to family members themselves as well as society as a whole that it is justified to limit the freedom of choice of the individuals in order to prevent those harms. Overall, affirmatives were not able to support their only 4 arguments, keep their team line nor deal with the important ideas of opposition. On the contrary, we have shown the reality of the situation instead of ideal world and this is where this debate is won.
Having a way better beneficial impact on society

Since the proposition “dont want to force anyone into any commitment” we suppose they believe that accepting those “odds” (people of different races, cultures, religions and castes) to a marriage would be a common practice among polygamists. Some people are willing to live in a multicultural family and some not. For those who are willing to live in such relationship there is no problem to solve (they don’t have any prejudices) and in most cases they already do - like the multicultural monogamous couples nowadays which are quite common [[http://goo.gl/lq2yR]] On the contrary, those who have some kind of prejudice and are not willing to live in a multicultural family wouldn’t marry people from different cultural backgrounds or a different race. Proposition itself stated that “Obviously, no rational person would engage in any nuptial relations unless they are completely sure it is better for them“. But now they claim “But certainly, many of the “different ones” would not directly accepted as the reliable family members out of everlasting belief that they are different”. Likewise people do not marry others in order to welcome them in their households and save them from poverty, especially if they don´t approve of them and it means losing money. Besides, if they like it people can live in one house without being married. Couples may adopt a child of a different culture and several other practices like international students exchanges or Au-pair programs are widely expanded. Introducing polygamy does not trigger families to marry foreigners. People will marry other people after they will accept them, not before. A family is usually created when people decide to marry each other after spending time together and finally ensuring themselves that this is somebody they want to spend their life with. Therefore there is no reasoning for the statement that polygamous marriage would be an opportunity to meet people and spread multiculturalism.
Impact of recognising polygamous marriage

To introduce the team line of team Czech Republic, we are not against people having polygamous relationships in the privacy of their home, but we strongly believe that state should not officially recognise such relationships because of all harms brought by them, as we will show in our arguments. We say that the policy proposition suggests will have two major impacts. Firstly, that not only will people who already live in those relationships be allowed to marry but more importantly more people will start to seek such relationships because the mindset and perception of society will change. Therefore there will be more people living in polygamous relationships which we will consequently show are harmful. Secondly we claim that even though proposition suggests that both polyandry (one woman having more than one man) and polygyny (one man having more than one wife) will be equally possible, we claim that due to socioeconomic factor, polygyny will naturally prevail. (According to Murdoch’s Ethnographic Atlas, out of 1170 recorded societies, 850 are polygynous. http://goo.gl/OZKQ8) In a monogamous couple, both sexes are represented equally, given the same rights and responsibilities, such as equal contribution to the development of a child or equal contribution in decision making process. Initiative of one to be in couple doesn’t stem just from sheer love to partner, but also from environment and circumstances such as having child, being dependent on the income of partner (almost always man) and for example family peer pressure. Same can be applied with initiative to divorce. In polygamous couples, we can see that even though some women intrinsically don’t agree having such relationship, they rather approve, persuaded by the extrinsic factors such as financial security, fear of leaving the child and for example pressure from family. Therefore we claim that proposition policy will result in more marriages that are harmful to women and limit their rights.