Atomic Bombs Are Real

I look forward to a lively discussion. Nuclear FissionNuclear fission is the process by which a nuclei, when bombarded by some particle, disintegrates into two separate nuclei, and an incredible amount of energy is released in the process. Nuclei are stable when there's a balance between the Coulomb replusion and the attractive strong force. Only certain nuclei are stable, as only certain nuclear configurations are stable. "Stability of isotopes is affected by the ratio of protons to neutrons, and also by presence of certain "magic numbers" of neutrons or protons which represent closed and filled quantum shells. These quantum shells correspond to a set of energy levels within the shell model of the nucleus; filled shells, such as the filled shell of 50 protons for tin, confers unusual stability on the nuclide. " In addition, bomarding the nucleus gives it kinetic energy, which effects the stability of the nucles as well. Often, simply adding kinetic energy will cause the nuclei to separate as well. [1]The nuclear binding energy is the measure of nuclear stability. The greater the nuclear binding energy, the more attractive the force felt by individual nuclei (in other words, the greater the nuclear binding energy, the greater the stability). Now, it's important to know the sign of the energy. The potential energy of a system acting under an attractive force is negative, because it would take work to separate the system. Stable nuclei are necessarily attractive, meaning that the nuclear binding energy is always negative. Thus, "greater" refers to the absolute value of the energy (i. e. not considering the negative sign). The curve of the nuclear binding energy for every element is shown below: The peak per nuclei occurs for the element iron. After that, it steadily decreases. In all actuality, the iron has the least binding energy, but the greatest absolute value binding energy. There are many different examples of nuclear fission, but one of them is U-235 fission. U-235 by itself it stable. However, when bomarded with a neutron, it becomes U-236. Now, U-236 is not unstable by itself, but the kinetic energy the neutron deposits makes it unstable, and about 82% of the time, it fuses, most often into barium, krypton, and three neutrons. This process releases energy, because the nuclear binding energy of the fragments decreases (even though the absolute value of it increases). This can be seen through the mass-energy equivalence - mass is energy and energy is mass. The sum of the mass of the reactants is greater than the sum of the mass of the products, and the difference in mass was converted to energy. [2]How much energy is released by U-235 fission? It varies depending on what the fragments of the reaction are, but it's typically around 150-250 MeV. [3]The Process Behind an Atomic BombA basic design works like this. An explosive and some U-235 are placed together inside a bomb. Upon detonation, the explosive will explode, and free neutrons will be released. They bombard into the U-235, causing it to undergo fission. The products of those first reactions include more free neutrons, which bombard the neighboring U-235 atoms, and a chain reaction leads to most of the U-235 being affected. Now, one uranium atom, upon fission, will not release a lot of energy. However, when even a small amount of uranium is put together, the combination of all the energy products means that an enormous amount of energy is released upon the explosion of the bomb. Little Boy, the bomb that fell on Hiroshima, released 63 TJ, equivalent to 15 kilotons of TNT. [4]Evidence of the Atomic BombThis is all well and good. We have the science down, but what is the evidence that an atomic bomb was actually made? Well, for one thing, look at the evidence at Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Some type of bomb was obviously dropped on those cities, what were the effects of the bomb? For one thing, there was a lot of radiation sickness. "Radiation injury penetrates deeply into human body and injures cells, and thus molecules, resulting in cell death, inhibited cell division, abnormalities of intracellular molecules and membranes. " These types of injuries were observed at over the place. There's no way these could have come from a conventional bomb - it must have been something nuclear. For another cancer, skyrocketed afterwards. Leukemia rates, which were essentially zero before hand, skyrocketed. "By 1975 a total of 1,838 cases were diagnosed as leukemia in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Of these, 512 were exposed within 10 km from ground zero. Incidence peaked in 1951-52 in both cities. " This can be seen in the graph below: [5]ConclusionThe science of nuclear fission is solid, and from there, making an atomic bomb is as simple as a design. In addition, evidence of raidation poisoning and cancer at Hiroshima and Nagasaki is evidence that atomic bombs were dropped there. Sources[1]: . https://en.wikipedia.org...[2]: . https://en.wikipedia.org...[3]: . https://en . wikipedia. org/wiki/Uranium-236[4]: . https://en.wikipedia.org...[5]: . http://atomicbombmuseum.org...