God Exists

DefinitionsGod - ". .. the perfect omniscient, omnipotent, omniscient, sentient originator and ruler of the universe, the principal object of faith and worship in monotheistic religions. " [1] Exists - "have objective, physical reality or being. " [2] C1) A Naturalistic Origin of the UniverseThe Big BangThe Big Bang Theory (BBT) is the most widely accepted cosmological model for the origin of the universe. [3] The BBT says that the universe was initially an infinitesimally small singularity, that expanded releasing intense heat and continues to expand and cool. The basis of this theory comes from Einstein's prediction of general relativity, which, as mathematician Alexander Friedmann calculated, allows for space itself to stretch and expand. The BBT predicts that, while extremely small, the universe had intense thermal energy that would have radiated and left over some remnants. In 1964, Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson discovered the Cosmic Microwave Background, remnants of thermal radiation left over from the Big Bang. [4] In 2014, a measure of the primordial B-mode polarization at 150 GHz was reported by the POLARBEAR experiment. [5] There is no other scientific theory that explains this thermal radiation. Therefore, the Big Bang cosmological model is likely true. The BBT makes an important prediction: the universe cannot have an external cause. This was calculated by physicist Erwin Schrodinger, via. quantum superpositions. Quantum SuperpositionsAll particles are at a state known as a quantum superposition. A quantum superposition state is a state at which, when a particle moves towards a destination, it moves in all possible directions toward that destination, but we can observe the particle move only in one direction. [6] This is illustrated by what is often known as Schrodinger's cat, as stated by physicist Erwin Schrodinger. It says that if a cat is suffocated, the cat will seem either dead or alive but is actually both dead and alive at the same time. [7] Quantum superpositions do not allow an external omniscient cause of the universe. P1: An external cause will be omniscient and, therefore, all-observing. P2: Observation collapses quantum superpositions. P3: An all-observing being would automatically collapse all quantum superpositions. (from 2)P4: We observe that not all quantum superpositions are collapsed. C: Therefore, an external cause or omniscient being (God) cannot exist. CausalityA common argument cited by theists is that there has to be a finite cause to the universe. This is a poor understanding of physics. The Hawking-Penrose singularity theorems state that there does not have to be a finite cause for the universe. Quentin Smith writes: ". .. the universe began without cause at the beginning of this expansion (a) subsequent to a singularity of infinite density, temperature and curvature, and zero radius, or (b) at a singularity with finite and nonzero values, or (c) in a vacuum fluctuation from a larger space or a tunneling from nothing. " [8] Therefore, the causal premise is invalid. C2) Occam's RazorThe Law of Parsimony, a form of Occam's Razor, posits that between two philosophical/scientific explanations, the explanation with least assumptions is generally more likely. I have shown how God is not needed to create the universe. Therefore, let us list the assumptions between scientific naturalism and theism. Scientific naturalism has 1 assumption: the existence of a physical universe with laws. Theism has 2 assumptions: the existence of a physical universe with laws, AND the existence of God. Therefore, theism is unlikely. C3) Second Law of ThermodynamicsAnother common argument for the existence of God is the argument from design, that states that the universe exhibits design that could have only been by an intelligent creator. The second law of thermodynamics refutes this by saying that the universe is random, and randomness in the universe increases constantly with the passage of time, there being no "design" as such. [9] ConclusionThe resolution is negated, as it is virtually impossible for God to exist, and God's non-existence is more likely. The BoP is shifted to Pro. Sources[1] . http://www.thefreedictionary.com... [2] . http://www.oxforddictionaries.com... [3] . http://en.wikipedia.org... [4] . http://www.space.com... [5] . http://en.wikipedia.org...[6] . http://en.wikipedia.org... [7] Gribbin, John (2011). In Search of Schrodinger's Cat: Quantum Physics and Reality. Random House Publishing Group. p. 234. ISBN 0307790444. [8] Smith, Quentin (1988). "The Uncaused Beginning of the Universe. " Philosophy of Science. Volume 55, No. 1, pp. 39-57. (. http://infidels.org...) [9] Hawking, Stephen (1988). A Brief History of Time. Chapter 9: "The Arrow of Time. " p. 153.