Black Holes Exist

Introduction Ever since Newton discovered gravity, gravity has been considered the dominant force in the universe. But we observe events that don"t match the gravity dominated view of the universe, or at least until we start assuming the existence of large quantities of unobserved invisible matter in the forms of black holes and dark matter. But what if there was another force that could explain these observations instead of the gravity of invisible objects such as black holes? Perhaps a force that is observed here on Earth and well understood? How about the force of electricity! P1: Over 99% of the visible universe is plasma [1] P2: Plasma is highly ionized gas [2] C1: Over 99% of the visible universe is ionized gas P3: Ions are electrically charged [3] C2: Over 99% of the visible universe is electrically charged P4: gravity is 10^40 times weaker than electromagnetism [4] C3:Electricity is a much more dominant force in the visible universe than gravity Since electricity is the dominant force in the universe, that means we can use electrical force to explain observations of intense energy instead of gravity from invisible black holes. Galaxies without Supermassive Black Holes In the standard model of the universe, each galaxy contains a supermassive black hole whose gravity prevents the arms of the spiral galaxy from spinning off the galaxy. But can galaxy formation be better explained by electric forces than gravity? The answer is yes. [5] These images were made by a supercomputer simulating two interacting plasma blobs over a billion years by using an electrical process instead of a gravitational one. [5] As you can see the result is identical to spiral galaxies, and no black holes or dark matter were needed to achieve this. In fact we are unable to simulate the formation of spiral galaxies using the standard model. Since the electric universe explanation of galaxy formation is superior and doesn"t require a supermassive black hole, then there is no reason to suspect that there is a super massive black hole in the center of galaxies. Failed Prediction by Black Holes ""We didn't find what we were looking for, but instead found something very surprising -- two smaller black holes," said Laura Chomiuk, of Michigan State University and the National Radio Astronomy Observatory. "That's surprising because most theorists said there should be at most one black hole in the cluster," she added." [7] "Finding two black holes, instead of one, in this globular cluster definitely changes the picture," [7] As a reminder, these are just what they interpret as black holes. Since the standard model predicted that there would be no more than one black hole but they found what they believed to be two, this is a failed prediction. With this failed prediction and the fact that black holes lacked evidence to begin with, it is time to start considering alternative explanations instead of adding convoluted explanations to the previous theory. Black Hole Information Paradox "It[Black hole information paradox] suggests that physical information could permanently disappear in a black hole, allowing many physical states to devolve into the same state. This is controversial because it violates a commonly assumed tenet of science"that in principle complete information about a physical system at one point in time should determine its state at any other time." [6] Although multiple explanations have been given in attempt to resolve this paradox, but none are commonly agreed upon. One common explanation for this paradox is black hole evaporation, but if black holes evaporate their content then that means light that entered could later escape through evaporation which contradicts how black holes are defined for this debate. Conclusion Black holes have never been directly observed. Their existence has only inferred by unexplained energy within the gravity dominant model of the universe. Modern theories of black holes keep getting more convoluted with things like accretion disks and hawking radiation, which goes further against Occam"s razor. And since electrical forces can better explain the universe than black holes, it can logically be concluded that black holes don"t exist. Sources [1] http://simple.wikipedia.org... [2] http://dictionary.reference.com... [3] http://dictionary.reference.com... [4] http://www.pbs.org... [5] http://www.holoscience.com... [6] http://en.wikipedia.org... [7] http://www.nrao.edu...