BeIR/webis-touche2020 huggingface dataset:
Opposition defines ambiguity

We from the opposition found that this debate is being misled by the ideas and examples given regarding how Dictatorship is said to be the BEST path to development. It is important for us to clearly understand what a dictatorship is. A Dictatorship is a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.) [[http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=dictatorship]]. We would like to emphasize that Dictators are not restricted by either Law or opposition, making the dictators the ABSOLUTE leader of a country. We would also like to point out that seeing the examples stated that categorizes different type of government to be called as a 'Dictatorship' has caused us to pend our counter arguments. We feel that this debate is not heading to the appropriate direction, and we will not release all of our arguments until the proposition receives our position on their debate. With this we TMTHENU and TMTHENG representing Indonesia close our turn and welcomes the Venezuelans for their counter arguments and the interesting debate to follow. Respect from Indonesia
Dictatorships regimes can be a path for countries move on from civil wars and focus on development

When a country is going through a civil war or has internal tensions escalating, a dictatorship can resolve this conflicts in a more definite way than in democracies. Because under a democracy the minority can wait until the conditions are met for them to come to power and once they do, take revenge on the other group, thus escalating the conflict between the factions. However under a dictatorship, the ruler has total power and hence, there are no more power quotas to fight for anymore. A clear example of this was lived in Latin America, that saw the years immediate to its independence submerged in internal struggles among "Caudillos" (warlords) who wanted to keep their local fiefdoms or overthrow and replace the President at the time. This went on until a caudillo could take full control of the nation, one example being Venezuela: "In Venezuela, a long period of caudillismo and political instability was ended by the dictatorship of Juan Vicente Gomez 1908 and 1935" [[Acemoglu, Robinson, Economic Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy, 2005.]]
Dictatorship priority is to maintain power

It is the goal of a dictatorship to stay in power for an indefinite period of time. This explains why there is no election in a dictatorship (not because that it is a luxury – proposition arguments) and hence, no succession method. To achieve this end, any means is permitted, as the Machiavellian principal the dictators contended. By so, their logic comes as follow; no matter whatever emergency the state endures, securing the government is their priority. The ultimate goal for a dictatorship undermines not only the development but the financial position of a country. This is true when compared to Democracies, Dictatorship tends to tax their populations more heavily and uses the surplus to pay for the extra military expenditures, in order to further secure their power.[[Boix, Carles. The Oxford handbook of comparative politics. 2007]]. Or as some dictators comes to prove; changing the constitution to extend their term in office up to 2030 [[http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2009/feb/16/hugo-chavez-indefinite-rule]]. The former comes to prove that any development programs comes only secondary compare to their objective to maintain power.
Dictatorships better control the variables of human development

The control toward the variable of development does not mean having a desirable human development. The evidence shows that dictatorship can gives better control to the variables, but it can be concluded that the better control to variables is not the best path to development, since dictators don't always get optimal results, and the failure or success comes from their decisions. It means that the better control towards the variables of human developments is not an advantage because on the same time, the decision's accuracy is in a high questionable state.
Good development should ensures freedom

A good government system is one that can ensure freedom being the ends of the country's development [[Sen, Development as Freedom, 2001]]. It is obviously not the ends shared by a dictatorship. Yes, as long as the stability occurred, the development can happen. But the development from the dictators is the development based on their version of development. The people lost their rights to have their freedom, to decide what is best for them. The strong national defence in Burma maybe a signal of development in Burma, but does it comes from the citizens? What does actually Burmese wants? We cannot explain what the Burmese wants and put it as a citation, because NO ONE in the world except them knows. Their aspirations and freedom has been locked up by the dictatorship regime. The same things happen to any of the countries that is led by the dictator. We cannot say that they are having development, because we do not know whether they enjoy their freedom or not. The means of development was seen through the numbers, but the ends, the freedom to do what they please, is still a luxury for them.
Dictatorships have a flexibility in economic policy that breeds growth

The word "proper incentives" used in the first sentences from the proposition, only shows that the previous government made a mistake in understanding the economic situation of the country and the new government made necessary step to change the problem. This argument should not be interpreted to show that Dictatorship is more clever in economics than other form of government; the capabilities to attract Foreign Direct Investment, establish a Pro -Investment framework,etc. It should only be interpreted that the Dictatorship "applied a different approach" than the previous government - whom probably because of their incompetence was disposed by the military coup d'etat. If the question is "what kind of government applies the best economic policy for development?", then Dictatorship is surely not the number one right answer for that. Dictatorship only succeed in implementing whatever policies they have in mind without opposition.But it does not show that Dictatorship is the answer for economical problem in a country. We would also like to reject the notion of China being a dictatorship; even though Chairman Mao is the central figure of the Chinese Communist Party, he is not above the law. There is an existing mechanism that conducts a 'check and balance' inside the system which is the Politburo Standing Committee which maintains a separation of power in the government.
A dictatorship breeds order and it's a needed step for both development and liberal democracy

Dictatorship is not a prerequisite for Democracy. Advising country to accept dictatorship as an early stage of development, to hand over the blind faith of the people to the so called ‘goodwill’ of the Dictators in hopes that in the future it will pave way to a greater society with equality and a Democracy is comparable to the lies of Adolf Hitler, BLATANT LIES. To assert that "Dictatorship is needed in times for a centralization of decisions, when certain disaster requires ‘rapid decision making’" is exactly the propaganda used by Dictators to justify their act of taking power. We want to reveal the truth about Chile that was misused as an example by the proposition. Chile was never a 'Miracle'. The "trick" behind it was uncover when later, during Pinochet's rule, Chile suffered two recessions, when the boom they thought was resulted because of economic growth was caused more by the increasing of foreign debt, loans, and investment. [[Constable, Pamela & Arturo Valenzuela. A Nation of Enemies: Chile under Pinochet, (New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 1991).]] Eventually Chile plunged into an economic depression, the worst in country's history, with a foreign debt of 17.2 billion dollars - one of the highest debt per capita in the world [[http://countrystudies.us/chile/67.htm]] leaving the country in chaos and paralyzing the economy. This is an exact opposite to their claim that dictatorship through Pinochet in Chile was a "Miracle" that it should become the main reasoning to allow dictatorship country to run their economy.
Dictatorships better control the variables of human development

These variables are (in broad strokes): education, health and economic welfare. Although dictators don't always get optimal results, this failure or success comes from their decisions and not from a lack of control over these variables. Dictatorships can control the health and education of its population better because they can decide how to allocate the resources (funding, students, professors, infrastructure, supplies) to prepare new professionals for the health and education sectors; and they can determine the curricula, salaries and place of employment in a way democracies can't. Cuba, the sole remaining dictatorship in Latin America has more doctors per capita than the average western nations, including the US and provides education advisors to several developing nations, and one of the best human development indexes in the region, while its culturally, socially, geographically and historically similar neighbors, who turned to democracy have a shortage of doctors and teachers and average a lower human development index. A dictators survival depends on economic success of his country. There is a need to arrive to a balance between predation (taxation of subjects) and the repression necessary to avoid the risk of insurrection. He can't take away too much or repress too much lest he is deposed. There is evidence of this incentive to have economic welfare in the case of Nicaragua where was “a growing disparity in land distribution and gaps between the rich and the poor led to increasing discontent”, which ended up in an ”alienation of the middle class and evaporation of business support for the regime” . And on 19 July 1979 the Sandinista guerrillas overthrew the dictatorship and implemented a leftist revolutionary government” overthrowing the Somoza Dictatorship. For a dictator, the economic success of his country ensures: 1. That the citizens have money he can extort. 2. That the citizens have more material wealth to risk in a transition to another government. On this point Lionel Artige says "Then, people have to compare their welfare in dictatorship with that in anarchy. If the households consider that repression is too high and their economic welfare too low, they may plan an insurrection and depose the dictator" and 3. That they are generally happier and more content.
Development occurs when a dictatorship revert into democracy

Let's say a mother says to her child: "When you eat your vegetables, only then, you will get dessert." Even a child can see that "only then" implies a prerequisite.When the opposition establish "Only then, when the momentum is strong enough for change, after the people has witnessed the flaw of dictatorship that it's people will revert to a more sustainable mechanism; Democracy. But it doesn't mean that dictatorship is a prerequisite to democracy." they fail to see that the final phrase is contradictory as they conceded the prerequisite in the first words of the statement. Dictatorship control the variables necessary to accelerate development and build the foundations for the changes in the country. The opposition put forward the case of South Korea that shows how once established and recognized the social order and a level of economic development a smooth transition can metamorphose into democracy continuing a sustainable growth. "...later in 1987, when the Korean economy was in a non-crisis situation, with high growth rate and a current account surplus with low inflation, the authoritarian government opted-albeit out of the pressures exerted by political opposition and pro-democracy movement forces in the civil society- for "democratic opening." this illustrates that democratic transitions can occur in "good times" as well as in "hard times" http://books.google.co.id/books?id=yHLVt8d4SvMC&lpg=PA75&dq=Korea%20democratization%20and%20development&hl=es&pg=PA69#v=onepage&q=&f=false In the case of Taiwan the same aspect can be evidence that lead to the transition into democratization: "It is not possible to know with certainty all that led to the political reforms of the late 1980s and 1990s. Typically, political analysts seek causes for the onset of political reform and often specify these causes in term of particular economic preconditions. Many of analysis have been published about the economic evolution that led to the "Taiwan Miracle" and the rise of Taiwan as one of the "four small dragons" in East Asia. The sequence of changes on Taiwan apparently bolsters the idea that economic development in authoritarian regimes leads to political and social pluralism, which brings with it demands for the liberalization of the authoritarian regime under which the economic development was managed. Indeed, many of the socioeconomic facts that theorists generally consider the affect the emergence of democratization, such as "high levels of urbanization, industrialization, rising per capita income, high literacy rates, and mass communication" can be observed on Taiwan. "These socioeconomic factors evidently have influenced teh political climate on the island" [[http://books.google.co.id/books?id=Ovff0QA98kUC&lpg=PA220&ots=9tYD1dZ-MY&dq=democratization%20and%20economy%20of%20taiwan&pg=PA221#v=onepage&q=&f=false]]
Opposition baffled yet undeterred!

It is in the spirit of this debate to give reasoning for the following statement; “Democratic nations should not take retaliatory actions against dictatorial governments in order to diminish their legitimacy, their power, and to promote their overthrown in exchange for a democratic alternative.”[[http://www.debatewise.com/debates/1001-dictatorship-is-the-best-path-to-development]] It’s clear that this debate draws a line between a Democratic government and a Dictatorship government. That because neither Democratic or Dictatorship government has a conclusive evidence of causing development, Democratic country should not apply sanctions against Dictatorship country. We are then baffled, when the proposition redrew the categories of the world’s previous and current form of government and created a category of a Democratic yet Dictatorship country. We found that by doing this they are not defending the dictatorship meant in this debate but yet playing safe by defending successful democratic country and claiming it to be a dictatorship. We are appalled when the proposition tries to associate single party system with Dictatorship (sin no.1) then goes further as acknowledging economic success due to their form of government (sin no.2), even though the form of government applied an opposing economic policy that they never explained to us (hiding the truth - sin no.3). Such is true in our former rebuttal against their point in "Dictatorship outperforms democracy in growth and economic development" As we have stated; a single party system does not automatically means that it is a dictatorship. A country's economic success can be accredited to their liberalization of the economy but definitely not because of their single party system. What we see here is the proposition, having conceded that Dictatorship cannot be defended, started to hijack examples from the the opposition. This happened when they were rooting for dictatorship and were against election (to save cost and pushes for development - propositions argument) but then suddenly annexed Singapore into their arguments with their single party system, which conducts Election! This is a form of inconsistency that we wish to highlight from the proposition. We would now opt to silenced the proposition by bringing forth our arguments. Note: Although the proposition tries to attack our credibility by commenting the source of our example (read wikipedia). We would like to affirm our position; that citing wikipedia for the examples given by us does not means that it is wrong but instead gives a source for a short history regarding the subject (Josip Broz Tito & The Constitution of Singapore).
Dictatorships have a flexibility in economic policy that breeds growth

Dictatorships have the flexibility to establish the proper incentives to attract Foreign Direct Investment (which is directly attached to Economic Growth, and by consequence, to Development)[[http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p_mla_apa_research_citation/1/5/1/3/4/p151341_index.html]] Dictatorships can define and establish a pro-investment legal and institutional framework (e.g. Low taxes, subsidies, ensuring economical liberties) without facing the boundaries that a Democracy encounters on it's political process (e.g. opposition from parties or coalitions ideologically opposed to these measures). Once established, this institutional framework motivates Foreign Direct Investments, which increases the demand of labor and other internal supplies,[[http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/55/4/40848277.pdf]] which creates a virtuous circle towards significant and homogeneous income growth, which is directly linked to the development of societies.[[http://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3563/]] China, under the command of a strict political regime that has open discretion on the economic policies of the country, has been implementing sustained institutional reforms towards promoting Foreign Direct Investments. This produced the improvement of more than 400MM Chinese citizens that moved from poverty to the mid class. In the last 10 years, the country has had an average GDP growth rate of 10% per year; the highest sustained Economic Growth Rate in the world.[[http://econ.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/EXTDEC/EXTRESEARCH/0,,contentMDK:20634060~pagePK:64165401~piPK:64165026~theSitePK:469382,00.html]]
Dictatorship brings profit to dictators and its clique, but not to the citizens

In some isolated cases (as shown by the proposition), it shows that dictatorship has better economy than democratic countries. The empirical studies also proved that. But the essence of the development did not only ends in the GDP numbers. Development has to consider the welfare of the citizens, to see whether the wealth of the country was also enjoyed by all of the citizens. During the 1951-90 period, dictatorships had higher annual rates of growth of GDP (4.42 percent) than democracies (3.95 percent). However, an average annual growth of GDP per capita was higher in democracies (2.46 percent) than in dictatorships (2.00 percent) [[Przeworski, Democracy and Development, 2000]]. It shows that the dictatorship system may bring wealth to the regime, but when we uncover the numbers we find out that most of the income didn't went to the welfare to the citizen. This is certainly unquestioned by the people of those dictatorship since the latter applied method of repression to run the country. Having said that it is clear that whatever development these dictatorship claimed to bring, it failed to prove that their government can guarantee transparency and may further mislead the country such as the example of Chile in 1982 [[Constable, Pamela & Arturo Valenzuela. A Nation of Enemies: Chile under Pinochet, (New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 1991).]]. Another example would be from Venezuela; During his presidency Juan Vicente Gomez, acting as a Dictator after a coup d'etat, used the money that comes from the sale of petroleum to increase the size of the army (protect the dictatorship's position) and to accumulate a personal wealth up to a third of the total oil revenue received by the country for 17 years. [[http://www.semp.us/publications/biot_reader.php?BiotID=476]]
A dictatorship breeds order and it's a needed step for both development and liberal democracy

On this point we want to quote Aristotle: "Only a wealthy society in which relatively few citizens lived in real poverty could a situation exist in which the mass of the population could intelligently participate in politics and could develop the self-restraint necessary to avoid succumbing to the appeals of irresponsible demagogues". Given that inter-group inequality, and social instability require a centralization of decisions, and given that special crisis as natural disasters require rapid decision making and the diminishing of liberties, there are surely cases in which democracy is not viable. Under these conditions economical development is promoted by dictatorships i.e., the Asian Tigers. The historic experience shows that richer, more educated and more equal countries are more likely to be democratic. Countries which once reached a level of development and social maturity will then seek to be liberated from the restrictions imposed by the dictatorship using from passive resistance to insurrection against the system; transitioning from dictatorship to democracy, exemplified in cases such as Chile or Spain. Robert Marsh, conducted a survey of 98 countries for the period 1955-70 and found that: "Political competition/democracy does have a significant effect on later rates of economic development; its influence is to retard the development rate, rather than to facilitate it. In short, among the poor nations, an authoritarian political system increases the rate of economic development, while a democratic political system appears to be a luxury which hinders development." From: The role of the state in development. [[http://books.google.com/books?id=QElPOh_hEKUC&lpg=PA40&dq=democracy%20exclusion&hl=es&pg=PA41#v=onepage&q=Marsh&f=false]]
Dictatorships resist to income Redistribution Pressures

We would not want to side on a certain economic principal for the sake of discussing this arguments in a more deeper sense. It is obvious that this arguments tries to shows that Dictatorship is more clever in economics than other form of government. We do not feel that there is any relevance in this case between the form of the government (Dictatorship) vis a vis their economic policies (anything but income redistribution). Countries applies certain policies that can further develop the economy, but the question is what kind of economic advice do they take NOT what kind of government do they have. Whatever relevant examples put regarding the success of any dictatorship can only be accredited to the expert behind those policies and not because of the form of government. Furthermore, the example of Taiwan, South Korea, Hong-Kong, and PR China should be omitted from the argument as they do not fit the definition of a 'Dictatorship'.