the usfg should substantially increase public health assistance to sub-Saharan Africa

This Debate round is over. I'm just posting so it will be offically over and I won't keep getting email alerts that I have another argument due. Extend arguments from last round. Heres some random cards: RAP GIVES VOICE TO THE VOICELESS, AND UNIQUELY ARTICULATES THE RAGE OF THE UNDERCLASS. Steven Best and Douglas Kellner, Enculturation, Vol. 2, No. 2, Spring 1999, " Rap, Black Rage, and Racial Difference," URL: http://enculturation.gmu.edu... Rap music has emerged as one of the most distinctive and controversial music genres of the past decade. A significant part of hip hop culture, [1] rap articulates the experiences and conditions of African-Americans living in a spectrum of marginalized situations ranging from racial stereotyping and stigmatizing to struggle for survival in violent ghetto conditions. In this cultural context, rap provides a voice to the voiceless, a form of protest to the oppressed, and a mode of alternative cultural style and identity to the marginalized. Rap is thus not only music to dance and party to, but a potent form of cultural identity. It has become a powerful vehicle for cultural political expression, serving as the "CNN of black people" (Chuck D), or upping the high-tech ante, as their "satellite communication system" (Heavy D). It is an informational medium to tune into, one that describes the rage of African-Americans facing growing oppression, declining opportunities for advancement, changing moods on the streets, and everyday life as a matter of sheer survival. In turn, it has become a cultural virus, circulating its images, sounds, and attitude throughout the culture and body politic. Rap artists like Grandmaster Flash, Run DMC, Public Enemy, Ice-T, N.W.A., Ice Cube, Salt 'n' Pepa, Queen Latifah, Wu Tang Clan, Snoop Doggy Dogg, Tupac Shakur, the Fugees, and countless others produced a new musical genre that uniquely articulated the rage of the urban underclass and its sense of intense oppression and defiant rebellion. Given the relatively low expenses in producing and distributing popular music, black artists and producers themselves have often controlled this mode of musical production and have been able to create a form of communication relatively free of censorship and control by the dominant class and social groups. Moreover, rap is part of a vibrant hip hop culture that itself has become a dominant style and ethos throughout the world today. TWO/THIRDS OF SCHOOL SHOOTINGS ARE DIRECT RESULTS OF BULLYING Healy ‘01 Rita, April 1, Time Magazine, Antibullying Programs Can Prevent School Violence, http://infotrac.galegroup.com... That bullying is a destructive force is not in dispute. Last fall [2000] the National Threat Assessment Center, run by the U.S. Secret Service, found that in more than two-thirds of 37 recent school shootings, the attackers felt "persecuted, bullied, threatened, attacked or injured." And bullying is why more than 160,000 children skip school every day, according to the National Association of School Psychologists. Novices cannot cut cards- (this card was produced by the SCFI Novices as a block to the playpumps water neg. Words in Brakets were underlined) Play pumps kill. Big time. Friday, March 30, 2007 A friend of mine handed me a videotape of this Frontline segment last week, and I was blown away by the simplicity and grass-roots brilliance of the Play Pump. Now if you haven't heard of this already (and I hadn't), the Play Pump was developed by Trevor Field, a retired advertising executive. A regular guy who had done well in life and wanted to find a way to give back. It's basically a merry-go-round that children can play on, but it's attached to a pump, and a reservoir, and while the kids are playing, they are pumping clean water into the reservoir. Here are some facts from the [Play Pumps] website: More than one billion people worldwide do not have access to clean water. Water-related diseases [are the leading cause of death in the world, taking the lives of 6,000 people a day. Every 15 seconds a child dies] from a preventable, water-related disease. [40 billion hours are lost annually] to hauling water, a chore primarily undertaken by women and girls. One play pump can pump up to 1400 liters of clean water a day. That's a huge impact on a community. Plus, the kids are encouraged to have fun and stay in school instead of spending their time collecting and hauling heavy buckets of (often contaminated) water every morning. [If we all do just a little bit, we can make a big difference!]