Evolution did happen

"Not so fast, my fine-feathered friend. You claimed that new species occur by evolution through natural selection. And, remember that my challenge is "to show examples where we have seen animals (or perhaps plants) evolve from one distinct species into another distinct species." Nothing you say shows any instance where one species became or produced a different species. Yours and Darwin's burden is to show me the new species." Well, I guess you were asking how different species form, I just thought you didn't believe in evolution. One species can form and the species that it came from can remain, this is because the animals of the same species can break into different lineages. "The biologists reasoned that diversity in a particular ecosystem is a result of three processes: local origination (which adds to diversity by generating new lineages), local extinction (which removes diversity by wiping lineages out in a particular area), and immigration (which adds to diversity through new migrant lineages from other areas). So the tropics might have high diversity because they have high origination (the "cradle" hypothesis), low extinction (the "museum" hypothesis), high immigration, or some combination of these factors." (source at the end) So, if a group of two animals (one of the groups had to migrate) went their separate ways, even though they were the same species, they would be in different parts of the world and equally different ecosystems. This is where the change in two of the species would take off, the groups of the same species would be in different ecosystems and face different environmental needs. The process of natural selection would take over, and over many generations the difference in the two would be drastic. However, the two variations of this species would be able to mate. Now, over an even longer time the two groups of this one species might develop different ways of reproducing (changes in seminal fluid or anything else) that would disable the ability of mating with the long lost group that is apart of a different ecosystem. Now, you're probably thinking, "well why would the animals split from their species anyway?" Well, it happens all of the time, with reptiles this isn't rare, refer to this article http://news.nationalgeographic.com... The animals of the same species developed different ways of birthing their young, because one group of the same species split off. "One species does not "turn into" another or several other species -- not in an instant, anyway. The evolutionary process of speciation is how one population of a species changes over time to the point where that population is distinct and can no longer interbreed with the "parent" population. In order for one population to diverge enough from another to become a new species, there needs to be something to keep the populations from mixing. Often a physical boundary divides the species into two (or more) populations and keeps them from interbreeding. If separated for long enough and presented with sufficiently varied environmental conditions, each population takes its own distinct evolutionary path. Sometimes the division between the populations is never breached, and reproductive isolation remains intact purely for geographical reasons. It is possible, though, if the populations have been separate for long enough, that even if brought back together and given the opportunity to interbreed they won't, or they won't be successful if they try." (source at the end) Now, if you were to ever look at the branching rows of evolution you would be able to see the evolution of new species, even though the last remains alive. This has happened with the many different kinds of humans. Refer to this image. http://www.pbs.org... Now as you can see, even though one species of humans evolved into another, doesn't mean that the original species isn't on earth anymore. This is because early humans (like many other species of animals) were nomadic. As you can see, variation (and immigration) within a species can lead to a completely different species. "Diversity= origination - extinction + immigration" Sources: http://www.pbs.org... http://evolution.berkeley.edu... http://news.nationalgeographic.com... He shoots!...