BeIR/webis-touche2020 huggingface dataset:
Transporting ethanol requires substantial ethanol

Alex Halperin. "Ethanol: Myths and Realities". Business Week. May 19, 2006 - "Ethanol can't travel in pipelines along with gasoline, because it picks up excess water and impurities. As a result, ethanol needs to be transported by trucks, trains, or barges, which is more expensive and complicated than sending it down a pipeline. As refiners switched to ethanol this spring, the change in transport needs has likely contributed to the rise in gas prices. Some experts argue that the U. S. doesn't have adequate infrastructure for wide ethanol use.Also, ethanol contains less energy than gas. That means drivers have to make more frequent trips to the pump."
Corn ethanol has a positive effect on air quality

The National Renewable Energy Laboratory tested a 1998 Ford Taurus FFV running on E85, reporting, "Emissions of total potency weighted toxics (including benzene, 1,3-butadiene, formaldehyde, and acetaldehyde) for the FFV Taurus tested on E85 were 55% lower than that of the FFV tested on gasoline."[4]
Expansion of corn ethanol industries is increasing its viability.

Despite continuing doubts about whether corn ethanol provides a genuine energy savings, in the United States alone, at least 39 new ethanol plants are expected to be completed over the next 9 to 12 months. The new plants will add 1.4 billion gallons a year, a 30 percent increase over current production of 4.6 billion gallons, according to Dan Basse, president of AgResources, an economic forecasting firm in Chicago. By 2008, analysts predict ethanol output could reach 8 billion gallons a year.[3]
Corn ethanol is energy efficient

Hosein Shapouri and James A. Duffield. "The Energy Balance of Corn Ethanol: An Update". Agricultural Economic Report No. 813, 2002 - "Corn ethanol is energy efficient... For every BTU dedicated to producing ethanol there is a 34% energy gain... Only about 17% of the energy used to produce ethanol comes from liquid fuels, such as gasoline and diesel fuel. For every 1 BTU of liquid fuel used to produce ethanol, there is a 6.34 BTU gain."
Discomfort with burqa is inadequate justification for ban

Michael White. "France, don't ban the niqab." Guardian. February 2010: "You need a much better reason than personal discomfort to do that in a free society. I don't much care for facial piercings or tattoos either. "So you want to make yourself ugly and unemployable, do you?" I mutter to myself as I pass those who have them in the street. But we shouldn't ban them either."
Allowing burqa crimes creates suspicion and fear of Muslims

"Would the burqa ban stop burqa crime." Ozoapbox Blog. April 6th, 2010: "Criminal activity, such as the Miranda burqa robbery, only strengthen people’s fears of the unknown under the burqa. If crime featuring the burqa rises it won’t take long for a widespread paranoid culture against burqa wearers to develop. This then leads to a massive public push to ban the burqa but for the totally wrong reasons." In the meantime, it could create alot of fears of Muslims and those that wear that burqa, niqab, and even the hijab. This would undermine relations with Muslim communities. (See also The Economist, "Running for cover", May 2010.)
Burqa is individual commitment to modesty, not oppression

"Is France right to ban wearing the burka in public? NO:" Stephanie Street on Guardian. March 21, 2010: "I wonder how many niqab-wearing French citizens Nicolas Sarkozy has sat with and talked to. I imagine not many. Because if he had, he could not with a clear conscience say that 'the burka is not a religious sign (but) a sign of subservience, of debasement'. [...] To whatever extent a Muslim woman chooses to practise it, modesty is a central concern within the religion (for men as well, although this is often ignored). Everyone I spoke to who wore Islamic dress did so because this issue of modesty is sacrosanct..."
Children are in no position to make choice about burqa.

An adolescent cannot be said to be making an independent choice about whether to wear the burqa. This choice is heavily influenced by their father, mother, and surrounding community. In this case, the child is in no position to reject these forces and to go without the burqa. They have no recourse and cannot be expected to complain to their teachers or school principles. Any expectation that they can do so places an unfair burden on the shoulders of individuals that are just beginning to learn about the world around them, ethics, and faith. A burqa ban protects children from being placed in this unfortunate situation.
Many Muslims disapprove of burqa, call for ban

Sara Malkani. "Burka: the other view." Dawn.com. February 16th, 2010: "I am a Muslim woman and I do not wear the burka or the headscarf. The constant reference in liberal media to those women who choose to wear it has made it increasingly difficult for countless Muslim women such as myself to express our discomfort with it. [...] The reality is that many women have reason to dislike the garment even when they do not harbour any Islamophobic sentiments. The fact is that the burka is often imposed on women by hardliners — in parts of the Middle East, state authorities force women to wear it in all public places."
Ban on burqa/niqab preserves identification for security

Daniel Pipes. "Ban the Burqa - and the Niqab Too." Jerusalem Post. August 1, 2007: "In contrast, burqas and niqabs should be banned in all public spaces because they present a security risk. Anyone might lurk under those shrouds – female or male, Muslim or non-Muslim, decent citizen, fugitive, or criminal – with who knows what evil purposes. [...] One of the July 2005 London bombers, Yassin Omar, 26, took on the burqa twice – once when fleeing the scene of the crime, then a day later, when fleeing London for the Midlands. [...] Other male burqa'ed fugitives include a Somali murder suspect in the United Kingdom, Palestinian killers fleeing Israeli justice, a member of the Taliban fleeing NATO forces in Afghanistan, and the murderer of a Sunni Islamist in Pakistan."
Banning full veil is act of discrimination and racism

"What's threatening about European attacks on Muslim veils." Washington Post Editorial. May 1, 2010: "the deputies [of Belgium's parliament] managed to achieve near-unanimity this week on one pressing issue: discriminating against Muslims. A law passed by the lower house would ban the wearing of full Islamic face veils in any public place -- and exacerbate what is becoming an ugly European trend. [...] Like many of its neighbors, Belgium has a significant minority Muslim population -- about 3 percent of a population of 10 million. Like those neighbors, it has done a poor job of integrating Muslim immigrants, and many cluster in ghettos that can be breeding grounds for extremism. This is a serious and complex problem. But too often the response of governments has been bigotry directed at immigrants or Muslims as a whole -- which serves only to further alienate even non-devout members of the community. [...] Belgium's burqa ban is a good example."
Burq/niqab ban preserves identification for fighting crime

Jean Francois-Cope. "Tearing away the veil." New York Times. May 4th, 2010: "This face covering poses a serious safety problem at a time when security cameras play an important role in the protection of public order. An armed robbery recently committed in the Paris suburbs by criminals dressed in burqas provided an unfortunate confirmation of this fact. As a mayor, I cannot guarantee the protection of the residents for whom I am responsible if masked people are allowed to run about. [...] The visibility of the face in the public sphere has always been a public safety requirement. It was so obvious that until now it did not need to be enshrined in law. But the increase in women wearing the niqab, like that of the ski mask favored by criminals, changes that. We must therefore adjust our law, without waiting for the phenomenon to spread."
Identity need be visible at all times, not just upon request.

While it is possible that security officers could ask women to lift their veils in specific security-related situations, this is insufficient. Many countries are set up with video cameras, for example, designed to be able to track the identity of individuals who may pose a risk. The veil compromises this entire system, and lifting the veil upon request obviously does not solve the issue. Nor, does it solve issues like individuals wearing the burqa in order to commit a crime.
Burqa has diversity of meaning to women that wear it

"Cold Comfort: Supporting Arguments don’t do Burqa Bans a Favor." Muslimah Media Watch. February 4th, 2010: "In the bitterly, painfully cold Toronto winter cold snap we had last week, I found myself thinking that a piece of fabric designed to cover the face could actually be a great idea. In saying that, I don’t mean to trivialize the issue, but instead to say that covering one’s face, as with many experiences, can have multiple meanings, and might even be to one’s advantage at certain times."
Burqa ban isolates women that believe they must wear it

"What's behind France's proposed burqa ban?" Christian Science Monitor Editorial. January 27, 2009: "If the recommendations on the full veil become law, it will become illegal to wear it in state venues such as hospitals, public buildings, and on trains and buses (though streets are not off limits). Its supporters see it as consistent with the head-scarf ban, but at least with that Muslim girls had a choice to go to a religious school. If the burqa is banned, what’s the choice for the women who wear it? Stay imprisoned in their neighborhoods?"
Burqa generally disadvantages women as compared to men.

The burqa places a range of limitations that categorically put them at a disadvantage to men. They lose their visible identity in society, which often means they are unemployable, but also means they are largely unfit to engage in most healthy forms of social interaction in society, on the street, at parties, and generally anywhere where visible identification is important. It makes it impossible for them to exercise, and deprives them of adequate sunlight. All of these things place them at a huge disadvantage to men.
Face-covering veils undermine social interaction/cohesion

Jean-Francois Cope. "Tearing Away the Veil" New York Times. May 4th, 2010: "The permanent concealment of the face also raises the question of social interactions in our democracies. [...] Individual liberty is vital, but individuals, like communities, must accept compromises that are indispensable to living together, in the name of certain principles that are essential to the common good. [...] [Wearing the burqa or niqab] is an insurmountable obstacle to the affirmation of a political community that unites citizens without regard to differences in sex, origin or religious faith. How can you establish a relationship with a person who, by hiding a smile or a glance — those universal signs of our common humanity — refuses to exist in the eyes of others?"
Ban all face-covering masks in public places, including burqas.

In 1975, a number of European towns banned the wearing of ski masks and motorcycle helmets in public, specifically because they covered the face, and so posed a security and crime risk. The same logic applies to the burqa. So, the ban on the burqa and niqab should be considered part of a broader ban on all face-covering masks in public, particularly in and around crowded areas and in public transportation.
Burqa can be criticized, but ban is excessive

Nikhat Kazmi. "Don't ban the burqa, question it." The Times of India. June 23rd, 2009: "Should Mr Sarkozy ban the burqa from France? Definitely not. Because bans are undemocratic and an unqualified attack on individual freedom. Should we however use this opportunity to question the efficacy of the burqa, the chador, the veil or what you will? Definitely yes. Specially since the burqa isn't just another piece of cloth but has a lot of ideological and cultural connotations to it. The French President himself has termed it a symbol of subservience which has no place in a secular state."
Ban causes women to cling to burqa more tightly

"Proposed burqa ban violates freedoms." The Butler Collegiate Editorial. February 2nd, 2010: "Even if Sarkozy is correct (and there’s good reason to assume he isn’t) the most glaring problem is that a ban on of the burqa would likely prompt women to cling to it tighter, to hang on to a material representation of a persecuted immaterial identity."
Face-covering veil makes economic/social participation impossible

Jean-Francois Cope. "Tearing Away the Veil" New York Times. May 4th, 2010: "The ban would apply to the full-body veil known as the burqa or niqab. This is not an article of clothing — it is a mask, a mask worn at all times, making identification or participation in economic and social life virtually impossible." This places these women at a huge disadvantage economically and socially, threatens their success in life, and generally undermines their ability to climb socio-economically. This is certainly unfair and unequal.
Few wear burqas, but it impacts all of society.

While some argue that the small number of people impacted makes Laws on the burqa and niqab unnecessary, this is not the case. Major court cases and widespread controversy on the topic make it necessary for the government to take a position. These include: Should women have to de-veil for photo ID's? Should women have to de-veil when entering banks? Should stores have to allow those that wear burqas? Should businesses have to employ those that wear them? Should schools have to accept veiled students? And, should schools have to accept adults that wear the veil and come to school to pick up their kid in a veil, when it may be hard to determine if they are actually the parent? Should it be banned in public transportation, where terrorist threats are greatest? And, what about the babies of those that wear burqas, whose vitamin D deficiencies cause them to develop rickets? What's the policy on pregnant women wearing the burqa? And, what about driving, when a burqa limits range of vision and poses a traffic safety issue?
Limits can be imposed on burqa when necessary, but not ban

"Banning the burqa. A bad idea." Economist. May 13, 2010: "European governments are entitled to limit women’s rights to wear the burqa. In schools, for instance, pupils should be able to see teachers’ faces, as should judges and juries in court. But Europeans should accept that, however much they dislike the burqa, banning it altogether would be an infringement on the individual rights which their culture normally struggles to protect. The French, of all people, should know that. As Voltaire might have said, 'I disapprove of your dress, but I will defend to the death your right to wear it.'"
Full veils represent misogynist ideology designed to oppress women

French President Nicholas Sarkozy, laying the groundwork for a burqa ban, said in 2009: "In our country, we cannot accept that women be prisoners behind a screen, cut off from all social life, deprived of all identity … The burqa is not a religious sign, it’s a sign of subservience, a sign of debasement — I want to say it solemnly, it will not be welcome on the territory of the French Republic."
Burqa ban violates rights of women to their own body.

According most laws nowadays, everybody has a freedom to his or her own body. The choice to wear a burqa or niqab on her body is part of her freedom to her body. Then, why are we violating this most basic law with a burqa ban? Even if we conclude that the burqa is bad for women's health and even for their babies, so are many things that are legal, like cigarettes and alcohol. That the burqa is bad for women's health, however unfortunate that may be, nevertheless does not give the government the right to take away a woman's right to her own body and to treat it how she wishes.
Very few wear burqa; impact too small to justify ban

"What's threatening about European attacks on Muslim veils." Washington Post Editorial. May 1, 2010: "The anti-burqa cause is sweeping Europe. In addition to Belgium and France, Italy and the Netherlands are considering bans. Yet the targets of these measures are virtually nonexistent. Mr. Bacquelaine estimates that a couple of hundred women in Belgium wear a full veil. In France, one study estimated that there are 1,900 burqa wearers in a Muslim population of 5 million. [...] The idea that this poses a criminal or cultural threat is ludicrous."
Discomfort with burqa is inadequate to ban it

"What's behind France's proposed burqa ban?" Christian Science Monitor Editorial. January 27, 2009: "The burqa does not fit comfortably with Western sentiments. It’s closed; Westerners are open. They want to see people’s faces. It’s also viewed as a prison for women – even if Muslim women are free to choose it. And it symbolizes fundamentalist Islam, which conjures up images of terrorism. [...] But sentiments shouldn’t be confused with bedrock freedoms, including the right to practice one’s religion. Being uncomfortable with another’s faith or even dress – and encoding that discomfort in law – puts one on the slippery slope to official discrimination. Will Sikh turbans be next?"
Burqa undermines identity, responsibility, social compact

Jean Francois-Cope. "Tearing away the veil." New York Times. May 4th, 2010: "in both France and the United States, we recognize that individual liberties cannot exist without individual responsibilities. This acknowledgment is the basis of all our political rights. We are free as long as we are responsible individuals who can be held accountable for our actions before our peers. But the niqab and burqa represent a refusal to exist as a person in the eyes of others. The person who wears one is no longer identifiable; she is a shadow among others, lacking individuality, avoiding responsibility."
"Choice" to wear burqa is driven by oppressive ideology

Women that wear the burqa say they are making an "independent choice," but this choice is heavily commanded by a fundamentalist religio-cultural context, in which they are made to believe that wearing the burqa is a requirement by God. Nobody comes to these conclusions "independently", just as nobody discovers a religion or a culture on their own. They come to it because a muslim preacher, their community, or family tells them that it is the "proper" interpretation of the Quran and God's will. These religio-cultural contexts originate from Afghanistan, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, and Jordan, where burqas are almost universally worn and in which the worst violations of women's rights on the planet occur. This is where women are not able to leave the house without their husband's permission and with a burqa on, and where they are often not allowed to work, drive, and engage in socially meaningful lives. These fundamentalist contexts are what drive the "choice" of women in the West to wear the burqa. Trying to separate these oppressive contexts from the "choice" is naive. Women are making the "choice" because they have been taught to believe that it is God's will to live as second-class citizens under the control of men and that somehow the burqa is "modest".
State should not judge culture/burqa; slippery slope

Sandeep Gopalan. "Behind the burqa." New York Times Op-Ed. January 27, 2010: "judgments about cultural values are very subjective. Who decides if particular items of clothing fit with French values? Can we trust politicians and bureaucrats to make these decisions for us? [...] Secondly, where do you draw the line? Are turbans, yarmulkes, saris, salwars and long skirts next? Many groups, including some feminists, assert that crucifixes and crosses are examples of patriarchal oppression. Would a government ban on jewelry containing crucifixes be justified? This is a slippery slope. [...] If we support a burqa ban on the basis that we dislike the clothing, or that it offends our notion of freedom, or that it makes us uncomfortable, we would then be opening ourselves to all manner of compromises on the many unpopular personal choices that we make in daily life."
Burqa ban protects women from pressure to wear it

Sara Malkani. "Burka: the other view." Dawn.com. February 16th, 2010: "France’s secretary of state for urban affairs, Fadela Amara, a Muslim woman of Algerian descent, has strongly supported the ban in France. [...] Amara, a prominent women’s rights activist in France is the former leader of a feminist organisation that defends rights of women living in low-income urban communities in France, many of whom are Muslim immigrants becoming increasingly vulnerable to the pressures of Islamic fundamentalism in their communities.
Burqa can be banned on the grounds that it is indecent.

Why are nudity and prostitution banned? There is no direct "damage" to other citizens and their rights, so why? It is because a society has judged that something is indecent and possibly immoral about them. The same can apply to the burqa. If it is concluded that the burqa is indecent because it is a symbol of the oppression of women and for other reasons, than it is not out of the question to ban it on these grounds.
Free societies don't require integration; burqa is fine

Steve Chapman. "A free society requires mutual tolerance." Chicago Tribune. May 23, 2010: "A more imaginative argument is that covering the face is an attack on civilized norms. 'The niqab and the burqa represent a refusal to exist as a person in the eyes of others,' says French parliamentary leader Jean-Francois Cope. Journalist Christopher Hitchens calls them 'the most aggressive sign of a refusal to integrate or accommodate.' [...] But in a free society, none of us is obligated to integrate. The Amish don't. Neither do the Hare Krishnas. Or Trappist monks. Wearing a suicide bomb around your waist is aggressive. Concealing your face is peaceable."
Criminals could use ski masks just as easy as burqas

Steve Chapman. "A free society requires mutual tolerance." Chicago Tribune. May 23, 2010: "It's also claimed that covered faces are a security threat, since criminals have donned burqas in a handful of instances. Veils can be put to sinister uses — just as scarves, ski masks and sunglasses are often worn by camera-shy bank robbers. We don't ban those, and absent compelling evidence of an epidemic of burqa-enabled felonies, we shouldn't ban veils."
Those wearing burqa increase pressure on others to wear it.

Sara Malkani. "Burka: the other view." Dawn.com. February 16th, 2010: "even an independent decision to wear it is not carried out in a vacuum. It is important to understand the effect of this choice on other Muslim women, many of whom may be trying to resist pressures from their relatives, community or governments. [...] Their resistance is undermined when the burka becomes increasingly common in public places and more closely associated with Islam. [...] The question is wouldn’t the burka ban be a major impediment to the freedom of women who feel compelled to wear it when they are in public? Perhaps, but on the other hand, it may provide much-needed respite to the many Muslim women who are forced to wear the burka by family, friends or religious figures in their community."
Suicide bombers don't care to disguise identity w/ burqas.

The concern over wearing burqas on public transportation seems to surround fears about suicide bombers using them to conceal their identity before detonating a bomb. But, suicide bombers have never needed to or really wanted to conceal their identity before committing their act. Rather, they simply strap on explosives under baggy clothing, go to crowded places, and blow themselves up without concern about getting caught and punished because, clearly they will be dead. So, a ban on the burqa will do nothing to prevent a determined suicide bomber from committing their act. Therefore, a burqa ban does little to help counter terrorism and ensure national security.