Psychology personality theories is outdated

I will cover as many theories as I can then. Presentation My argument is kind of long because in order to see how each theory applies to our lives we must first understand each theory. It is difficult to see how these fundamental theories are out of date. As many people know Maslow’s Hierarchy is aimed at how a person develops. His theory was published in 1970[1]. It is usually shown as a pyramided (hopefully the image shows if not Google image search Maslow’s Hierarchy). The hierarchy obviously starts at the bottom and works its way up.The bottom level is Physiological Needs. These needs are the basic things that any person needs in order to stay alive such as food, water, air sleep exercise, and shelter[2]. The next level up is safety and security needs. These include things like avoiding harm, maintaining comfort, physical safety, and avoiding fear[3].The third level is love and belonging. These behaviors include giving and receiving affection, building relationships and forming a identification with a group[4].The fourth level is Self-Esteem. In this level the person seeks self-respect and respect from others, works to achieve success and recognition in work, and desire prestige from accomplishments[5].The fifth and final level is Self-Actualization. In this level the person possesses a feeling of self fulfillment and the realization of his or her highest potential[6]. As a person moves up the hierarchy there position is no fixed. They can revert to a lower level on the hierarchy. For example a person who is on the self actualization stage of development may be forced in to a situation where there philological needs are not meant and they will revert back to the first level of development for a while[7].This hierarchy explains a lot of the behavior that takes place in the world. It can explain why people steal things in economic downturns, why some people have no self esteem, any why some people seem not to be able to find love in the world. Technology may allow people to move up and down the hierarchy faster, but everyone still will fall somewhere on the hierarchy. http://www.costaricantimes.com... Psychoanalytic Theory was created by Sigmund Freud in 1961. Freud organized the components of the personality in to three major parts: the id, ego, and superego. The Id is the location of the natural urges[8]. It wants constant pleasure and is present at birth[9]. The id driven behaviors may be impulsive and may be irrational[10]. The ego, also called the rational self or the reality principle, develops between 4-6months[11]. The ego experiences, adapts to and responds to reality[12]. I will come back to the ego in a little bit. The superego is kind of the “goody two shoes” of the brain[13]. It develops between 3-6 years of age and develops from the morals that are imprinted onto a child from the parents[14]. The id and super ego are constantly fighting. The id wants what it wants and wants it now, the super ego tells the id no you can’t have that or no it can’t be now. That is where the ego comes in. The ego tries to satisfy both the id and the super ego at the same time. Technology has no effect on this. The only thing that could change from the introduction of technology is there are new things considered ethical or unethical now than there were in the 60’s. http://allpsych.com... The third and final theory I will go over now (mainly because I used about half of my character limit and I am tiered of typing) is the theory of psychosocial development. This one is actually one of my favorites because I feel it has the most merit and mainly because of the theorist’s name. Erik Erikson (see what I mean, I want to do something like that to my kid, like name him Michael Michaelson) published his theory in 1963. It states that people go through eight stages of development, and at each stage of development there is a “crisis” or conflict the person faces[15]. I will present the stages in a chart below. Stage Task Achievement Failure Trust Vs. Mistrust (birth to 18months) Develop a basic trust in the mothering figure. Results in self-confidence, faith that needs will be fulfilled, and hope for the future. Emotional dissatisfaction with self and other, suspiciousness, and difficulty with interpersonal relationships Autonomy versus shame and doubt (18 months-3years) Gain some self control and independence in the environment Results in a sense of self control and ability to delay gratification and a feeling of self-confidence in one’s ability to perform. Lack of self-confidence, lack of pride in the ability to perform, a sense of being controlled by others, and a rage against self. Initiative versus guilt (3-6years) Develop a sense of purpose and the ability to initiate and direct one’s own activities. Results in the ability to exercise restraint and self control of inappropriate social behaviors Feelings of inadequacy and a sense of defeat. Industry versus inferiority (6-12years) Learning, competing, performing successfully and receiving recognition from significant others. Peers and acquaintances. Sense of satisfaction and pleasure in the interaction and onvolvement with others Difficulty in interpersonal relationships because of feelings on personal inadequacy. Identity versus role confusion (12-20 years) Integrate the tasks mastered in the previous stages into a sense of self A sense of confidence emotional stability and a view of the self as a unique individual. Self-consciousness, doubt and confusion about one’s role in life. Intimacy versus isolation (20-30) Form an intense lasting relationship or a commitment to another person, cause, and institution or creative effort. Capacity for mutual love, respect, and the ability to pledge total commitment to another. Social isolation and aloneness Generatively versus stagnation or self absorption (30-65years) Achieve life goals established for oneself while also considering the welfare of future generations Sense of gratification from personal and professional achievements, and from meaningful contributions to others Lack of a concern for the welfare of others and total preoccupation with the self Ego integrity versus despair (65-death) Derive a meaning from both positive and negative events while achieving a positive sense of self Self worth and self acceptance as one reviews life goals accepting that some were achieved and some were not A sense of self contempt and disgust with how life has progressed Some experts have thought about adding and changing some of the steps due to the increase in longevity of the older population. http://zanl13.files.wordpress.com... The point I tried to make is that these theories are not out of date and thinking so results from a misunderstanding of these theories. I challenge pro to show and provide evidence on how these theories are out of date. Next argument will be on the othe other theries. PS. Sorry I am a Nursing student and a Psycology minor so I used books for my sources (well more like book). [1] Townsend, Mary Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing: Concepts of Care in Evidence-Based Practice. [2] Townsend, Mary Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing: Concepts of Care in Evidence-Based Practice. [3] Townsend, Mary Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing: Concepts of Care in Evidence-Based Practice. [4] Townsend, Mary Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing: Concepts of Care in Evidence-Based Practice. [5] Townsend, Mary Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing: Concepts of Care in Evidence-Based Practice. [6] Townsend, Mary Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing: Concepts of Care in Evidence-Based Practice. [7] Townsend, Mary Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing: Concepts of Care in Evidence-Based Practice. [8] Townsend, Mary Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing: Concepts of Care in Evidence-Based Practice. [9] Townsend, Mary Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing: Concepts of Care in Evidence-Based Practice. [10] Townsend, Mary Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing: Concepts of Care in Evidence-Based Practice. [11] Townsend, Mary Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing: Concepts of Care in Evidence-Based Practice. [12] Townsend, Mary Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing: Concepts of Care in Evidence-Based Practice. [13] Townsend, Mary Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing: Concepts of Care in Evidence-Based Practice. [14] Townsend, Mary Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing: Concepts of Care in Evidence-Based Practice. [15] Townsend, Mary Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing: Concepts of Care in Evidence-Based Practice.