The United States ought to extend to non-citizens accused of terrorism due-process.

Con has forfeited this round failing to overturn my contentions. The constitution has not been invoked therefore nullifying the supposed counter-argument of the constitution as the philosophy of John Locke whose philosophies influenced the writers of the constitution has been invoked instead. "John Locke defined political power as "a Right of making Laws with Penalties of Death, and consequently all less Penalties" (Two Treatises 2.3). Locke"s theory of punishment is thus central to his view of politics and part of what he considered innovative about his political philosophy. But he also referred to his account of punishment as a "very strange doctrine" (2.9), presumably because it ran against the assumption that only political sovereigns could punish. Locke believed that punishment requires that there be a law, and since the state of nature has the law of nature to govern it, it is permissible to describe one individual as "punishing" another in that state. Locke"s rationale is that since the fundamental law of nature is that mankind be preserved and since that law would "be in vain" with no human power to enforce it, it must therefore be legitimate for individuals to punish each other even before government exists. In arguing this, Locke was disagreeing with Samuel Pufendorf. Samuel Pufendorf had argued strongly that the concept of punishment made no sense apart from an established positive legal structure.A second puzzle regarding punishment is the permissibility of punishing internationally. Locke describes international relations as a state of nature, and so in principle, states should have the same power to punish breaches of the natural law in the international community that individuals have in the state of nature. This would legitimize, for example, punishment of individuals for war crimes or crimes against humanity even in cases where neither the laws of the particular state nor international law authorize punishment. Thus in World War II, even if "crimes of aggression" was not at the time recognized as a crime for which individual punishment was justified, if the actions violated that natural law principle that one should not deprive another of life, liberty, or property, the guilty parties could still be liable to criminal punishment. The most common interpretation has thus been that the power to punish internationally is symmetrical with the power to punish in the state of nature." source: http://plato.stanford.edu... Second is the the thesis of the Nuremburg trials and the compliance of the US to the nuremburg charter . The general historical consensus accepts the thesis that the Nuremberg Charter8, its resulting rules of procedure and evidence, and those of the courts which followed in its wake, were the result of a compromise "blending and balancing ... elements from the Continental European inquisitorial system and the Anglo-American adversarial system."9 The belief was largely fostered by United States Supreme Court Justice Robert H. Jackson, the Chief American prosecutor at the first Nuremberg Trial, who repeatedly said that the four major Allied powers at the conference "[a]ll agreed in principle that no country reasonably could insist that an international trial should be conducted under its own system and that we must borrow from all and devise an amalgamated procedure that would be workable, expeditious and fair."10 In fact, while the rules do blend aspects of both practices, they were largely based on American practice before military commissions, 11 as applied in the trial of Nazi saboteurs in Ex parte Quirin in 1942.12 While the United States was concerned that the trials be perceived as and fair, the American emphasis ( at least internally) was on workability and expedition. source: http://www.lawofwar.org... If con forfeits again then I strongly urge a pro vote