The Kalam Cosmological Argument

1.) The argument violates the rules of cosmology. The Kalam hypothesis violates itself by presuming the title of a cosmological argument. Cosmology is study, based on observation of the universe, which presents a hypothesis of origin that must be testable to become a theory. Cosmology is based in the philosophy of science while the Kalam hypothesis merely borrows from science after violating one of the foundations required by science: that of inference from deduction rather than induction. I point to the history of philosophy and the birth of the philosophies of science and mathematics as well as their rise to preeminence as cultural authority from which valid argumentum ad verecundiam can be made. As Locke pointed out in his essay, societies and cultures establish authority based on the morphology and general dissemination of social interactions. [ Esssay Concerning Human Understanding – John Locke, 1689] The history of the epistemological rise to preeminence of the philosophy of science follows several famous philosophical debates, essays and treatises on the testability of hypothesis for provability. There is far too much to quote or even list here, but I will summarize from my sources. Plato put for inductive reasoning for what can be seen and intelligible (429-347 B.C.E) argued against by Aristotle (384-322 B.C.E) to establish dominance of observation (deduction) over pure induction in his work: Organon. This was enhanced and used with success in debates that favored the scientific method by Francis Bacon (Novum Organon) and William Whewell (Novum Organon Restorum). This is also the history of the logical fallacy (both formal and informal) as a way to limit sophistry in argument [Aristotle]. [ Scientific Method, November 13, 2015 – Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Main Body, section 2 ‘Historical Review: Aristotle to Mill’] By calling itself a cosmological argument, the Kalam hypothesis attempts a logical fallacy known as the Appeal to False Authority. We can examine the argument itself to see if, in fact, it meets its own claim to scientific veracity. Premise 1 of the KCA: Every beginning has a cause. Rebuttal: False Premise This is contradicted the observed evidence given by CP-symmetry violation. [CP Symmetry Violation – the search for its origin – Nobel Lecture – December 8, 1980 – James W. Cronin (winner), University of Chicago, Illinois]. Further derived evidence and experimentation shows we can measure excess energy from the pure vacuum that has no measurable cause. This is called zero point energy and it is a measurable fact of quantum reality. [Steven K. Lamoreaux- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 78, No.1, pages. 5-8; January 6, 1997] Arguments 2 and 3 of the KCA: The universe has a beginning.Therefore universe has a cause of its existence. Rebuttal: Argument by Assertion (logical fallacy of unsupported assertion) The universe either has a cause or it does not. It either has a beginning or it does not. These are merely unsupported assertions. The Big Bang Theory starts with the same assertion. Observational evidence showed that the distances between astronomical objects are accelerating which violates the assertion of a single point of origin. Dark matter and energy have been asserted as overcoming the predictions of the theory. Even a theory supported by mathematical models, standard candles combined with the cosmic distance ladder, and many years of research had to basically make stuff up when it came to cosmological origin hypothesis. [ The cosmic distance ladder http://www.iop.org... ] [ NASA on dark matter and energy http://science.nasa.gov... ] [ ESA interviews Prof. Joseph Silk on finite vs. infinite universe cosmological theories http://www.esa.int... ] Here we clearly see that the entire KCA (or KHA as I call it) is just another attempt to pick the correct answer from an infinite set of speculative guesses. It is fundamentally illogical to expect to explain the origin of the universe without making careful observation, measurement, and extrapolation from physical scientific methods. Anything else is, simply put, so astronomically improbable as to be a ludicrous foray into insanity. So why put forward the theory? Well, here we look at the human mind to figure out why someone puts forward illogical arguments like this one. When we examine the motive for the argument, we find clear cognitive bias. For what purpose would we argue that the universe was created? The only answer I find is to worship the creator. The only people who benefit from the worship of the creator that can be observed and measured are the people controlling the religion. These people also put forward arguments like this one. This is a clear indication of a conflict of interest. If you seek truth, you seek it without already having decided what it is before you search. Otherwise, you’re just trying to justify fantasy, not find truth. This is known as cognitive bias and has been the cause of many of the greatest scientific and religious blunders in history. [ Your Deceptive Mind: A Scientific Guide to Critical Thinking Skills - Steven Novella, M.D. - Yale School of Medicine - Publisher: The Teaching Company, 2012 ISBN 10: 1598038265 ISBN 13: 9781598038262 ]