Smartphone use yields negative results for intellectual evolution

I appreciate the contender defining relevant terms. I would like to also update the term Evolution to include a more thorough definition relating to the argument. I am adding one additional relevant definition to the set also. Evolution (noun): any process of formation or growth; development [1]. Cellular phone (noun): a mobile telephone system using low-powered radio transmitters, with each transmitter covering a distinct geographical area (cell) and computer equipment to switch a call from one area to another, thus enabling large-scale car or portable phone service. [2] Addiciton (noun): Addiction is a primary, chronic disease of brain reward, motivation, memory and related circuitry. Dysfunction in these circuits leads to characteristic biological, psychological, social and spiritual manifestations. This is reflected in an individual pathologically pursuing reward and/or relief by substance use and other behaviors. [3] Our intellectual evolution is determined on how well we interact and learn from interactions. "...Our hypothesis, that maladaptive use of Internet is related to psychological distress in college students has been confirmed, in accordance with previous studies with high school and college students where problematic users showed less self-esteem, more loneliness, more loneliness and depression and more depression, anxiety and sleep disturbances, as well as higher scores in the general indices of the SCL- 90-R." [4] It is not the interactions of cellular communication that are problematic to our evolutionary growth, rather it is our addiction and mass unhealthy consumption of internet based software that does not add to our growth. I base my argument on the facts that increased usage of smartphones, with regards to the mass majority of the population, is an evolutionary regression of our intellectual capacities as opposed to a liberation. R1: Basic cellular phones improve communication, whereas smartphones promote habitual 'quick reward' behaviors. Basic cellular phones offer all of the same benefits of intensive communication, neglecting social media websites, that smart phones offer without the quick reward behaviors smart phones cause. "A spatial navigation method uses landmarks and visual cues to essentially create mental maps that help you understand both where you are now and how you can get to where you want to go. A stimulus-response navigation method is traveling by memorized or provided directions, like the kind given you by a GPS." [5] Persons who use spatial reasoning tend to have a higher activity and volume of grey matter in the hippocampus, they also performed better on a standardized test used in the development of mild cognitive impairment. R2: The increased easy access information leads to a generation effect which stifles long term intellectual growth. Five experiments are reported comparing memory for words that were generated by the subjects themselves with the same words when they were simply presented to be read. [6] If you solve a math problem, for example, you will have better recall of that answer later than if it is merely provided for you (on your iPad screen or by way of a calculator). [7] Basic cellular phones give the same beautiful strengths as Smartphones without the problems smart phones create. R3: Smartphones can be used to improve brain function, at the expense of other functions of the brain, in turn, hindering us from deep thinking, critical thinking, and analysis. Reading for pleasure, which has declined among young people in recent decades, enhances thinking and engages the imagination in a way that visual media such as video games and television do not. Studies show that reading develops imagination, induction, reflection and critical thinking, as well as vocabulary. [8] As Nicholas Carr recounts, researchers at Stanford gave a series of cognitive tests to one group of heavy media multitaskers and another group of light media multitaskers. The heavy multitaskers were found to be more easily distracted, less able to control their working memory, and less able to concentrate on a task when compared to the light multitaskers. [9] [1] http://dictionary.reference.com... [2] http://dictionary.reference.com... [3] http://www.asam.org... [4] http://www.researchgate.net... [5]http://phys.org... [6] http://worthylab.tamu.edu...(1978).%20JEP-HLM.pdf [7] http://www.medicaldaily.com... [8] http://newsroom.ucla.edu... http://www.nicholascarr.com...