The existance of God

Unfortunately my opponent forfeited the only round they could present their opening arguments.I. KALAM COSMOLOGICAL ARGUMENT (KCA) P1: Everything that begins to exist necessarily has a cause. P2: The universe began to exist. C: The universe necessarily has a cause. P1: Everything that begins to exist has a cause. Nothing comes into existence from nothing without a cause. It is completely unreasonable and nonsense to claim otherwise. P2: The universe began to exist. 1. It is well-known that the Big Bang Theory suggests that the universe has a beginning. 2. The laws of thermodynamics suggest that the universe has a beginning. According to laws of thermodynamics, heat always transfers from hotter regions towards cooler regions until it reaches thermal equilibrium (i.e., temperature is the same in all regions). If the universe didn’t have a beginning, then it would be expected that the temperature was the same in every point of the universe. Since there are regions in the universe which are hotter (e.g., stars and galaxies) than other regions (e.g., regions that are far away from stars and/or galaxies), then the universe didn’t exist for sufficient time for all regions of the universe to have same temperature. Therefore, the universe has a beginning.[1] C: Since P1 and P2 are true, then it necessary follows that the universe has a cause. II. CAUSE OF THE UNIVERSE (from KCA) Let’s now further discuss this cause of the universe. 1) It Must be uncaused and supernatural Think about an event of beginning to exist. There necessarily exists a cause (C1) for this event to happen. There necessarily exists another cause (C2) for C1 to happen. … There necessarily exists another cause (Ci) for C(i-1) to happen (where Ci and C(i-1) are the ith and (i-1)th causes, respectively). There are only two options (a and b) for this chain of causes: a) This chain stops in Ci if and only if (iff) Ci doesn’t need another cause to happen, i.e., iff Ci is an uncaused cause, b) Otherwise this chain goes to infinity. c) Since option b is impossible, then a must be true. If option b is impossible for a chain of causes, then there necessarily exists a cause Ci which needs no other cause to happen, i.e., there is necessarily an uncaused cause. For a real chain of causes option b is physically impossible, since there is no such thing as infinity in physics (note that a quantity of infinity in physics is used to exaggerate the greatness of the quantity, not literally to literally mean infinity). There are many examples that show that the infinity in reality (of the universe) is paradoxical, such as Hilbert’s paradox of the Grand Hotel, and therefore impossible. Scientifically speaking, we cannot show any example for it in the universe. So, at least we can say that, it is scientifically impossible. 1. Since the universe, according to the Big Bang Theory, has a beginning (i.e., option b above is not the case) then there necessarily exists an uncaused cause responsible for emergence of the universe (option a is the only option). 2. According to cause-effect principle there exists no uncaused cause in the universe (space-time). 3. Since both 1 and 2 are correct (according to materials discussed above), then the uncaused cause in 1 MUST be beyond the universe (not bound to space-time), hence supernatural. We call this uncaused cause as the Creator of the universe, i.e., God (since He brought the universe from nothing, hence created it). If you ask what caused God to exist, then the answer would be that He doesn’t need a cause to exist, since he is uncaused cause, as shown above. 2) Further clarification for this cause to be uncaused Imagine a moving train with 80 wagons (except of locomotive). - Since the 80th wagon is moving, then what is pulling it (pulling is the type of cause in this case)? - The 79th wagon. - What is pulling the 79th wagon? - The 78th wagon. … - What is pulling the 1st wagon? - The locomotive. - What is pulling the locomotive? - What?? The locomotive doesn’t need to be pulled by something else in order to move. It is able to move without being pulled. Even if one argues that there is no need for a locomotive, another moving wagon is enough for the 1st wagon to move, the same question would be asked again for that wagon. This chain of questions will never end unless there is a locomotive (or something that can move without being pulled and capable of pulling all the wagons connected to it). Therefore, we can say that for a moving train (or chain of wagons) since a never-ending chain of moving wagons is impossible to exist, then there necessarily exists a locomotive that pulls all the wagons and can move without being pulled by something else (outside and independent of itself). Similarly, for an existing universe with a beginning there necessarily exists an Uncaused Cause that has started the universe and doesn’t need any cause to happen/exist. We call (i.e., define) this Uncaused Cause as the Creator of the universe or the God. This conclusion is also consistent with common sense and logic. A food is cooked by someone. We can ask who cooked the food. But it is absurd to ask who cooked the person that cooked the food. It is absurd because the cook is not something that is cooked. He has a totally different nature than the food. It is absurd to think of a direct similarity between something made and its maker. The same should be considered about the Creator of the universe. Similarly, since the Uncaused Cause we discussed above is the creator of everything, then there is nothing like Him in His creation. 3) This cause must be Personal Since the universe began to exist, then its cause has free will that has made a choice between creating and not creating the universe. Since the uncaused cause of the universe has free will, then it must be personal. 4) This cause must be Intelligent Very precise constants and precise properties of particles and of laws of universe and their precise outcomes show that these constants and properties are not chosen arbitrarily and for arbitrary outcomes. So, their existence and preciseness in the universe cannot be explained by coincidences or an unintelligent being. Then the cause of the existence of those precise properties (a part of the universe) must be intelligent. Fine-tuned constants and properties and very precise relationships between these constants, properties, laws of the universe and events surely imply the existence of intelligence. Therefore, the uncaused cause of the universe must be intelligent. 5) This cause is the Ruler of the universe There are events happening all the time in the universe that require an intelligent ruler. For example, the Earth could have a different orbit which would make it impossible for life to exist (as far as we know from other planets etc. and about life forms). Having the orbit it has today is not enough for Earth to make life possible. The tilt of the rotational axis of Earth is also very precise to make life possible. This is also not enough. We can list also atmospheric properties, magnetic field of Earth, the existence and characteristics of the moon etc. etc. each of which is very precise and closely depends on other parameters which make life possible. It is impossible that all of these met the precise requirements for life to be possible on Earth. The preciseness of such parameters happening all the time everywhere in the universe shows that someone is constantly ruling the universe. Who can this be other than the Creator of the universe? Therefore, the uncaused cause of the universe is also the Ruler of the universe. CONCLUSION I showed that since the universe exists, then there necessarily exists a Personal Intelligent Creator and Ruler of the universe who is above laws of nature. I will look forward to Con’s rebuttals to my arguments above. I would like to remind Con that they cannot provide any new argument to show that God doesn’t exist (to fulfill their BOP) in succeeding rounds, as per rules established. I wish Con best of luck! SOURCES[1] https://en.wikipedia.org...