True artificial intelligence is improbable.

1. Not the Same as the Chinese Argument In the Chinese Room the man "speaking" Chinese only takes information from the outside and spits it back out without involving any process within the room other than taking information from outside and sending it outside. Having a "complex set of ways to compare and contrast information" would be more equivalent to if the person in the room already had mounds of information in there from past exchanges and while in the room was very busy squaring the different pieces of information together to discover new information(analyzing), and even possibly to come up with novel solutions. That's vastly different from the guy who is just taking information in and sending it out. 2. "The throbbing question is: How do you make the step from "Doing a task" to "Understanding a task"?" How do humans make that step? We don't fully understand this yet, but we do know the answer is scientific and involves physical mechanisms within the human brain. There's no reason why replicating that same system of interaction in a machine would not produce the same result. 3. Rebuttal-No distinction between software and hardware in the brain. "Software" and "hardware" are terms we use for computers, but there are analogies with the human mind. The hardware is always in the computer, the software is put into the computer for temporary use. For example, a computer game CD would be "software", the computer's built in mechanism to read CDs is part of its hardware. The computer does not contain within it the information to execute that program, but once it is able to "read" the software it applies the instructions within the framework in its hardware and can do it. Likewise, a human might need to get to a town and not know the way to go. The information about how to get there is not within the human's brain, it is not within his hardware. He pulls out a map and reads it, then he knows how to do it. The brain itself is analogous to the hardware, containing the framework needed to interpret the map, which is the software. We do not shove the map into our brains, but we become aware of the information on the map with our eyes just as the computer becomes aware of the information in the disc with its scanning equipment. 4. Processes We're Unaware Of How does that make us more "thinking"? That we're unaware of these processes means that for these processes we're really just following our previous programming. It's good we have these, though since otherwise we would have to think in order to do such simple things as digest. This just makes the point that even if AI still had some processes that weren't under the control of its "intelligence" that wouldn't mean it isn't True A.I. so long as it does use intelligence for some things. 5. Original Thoughts/Imagination Pro asks "How do you code a machine to write code for new tasks?" Pro defined "true intelligence" as "allows new ideas to evolve from previously known information". Any new idea we have is based off of our previous experiences, sensations, old information stored in our brains, and then put together again in new ways based on present needs. This all follows a physical process in our brains. No magic, no matter how wonderous our ability to do this might seem it is all science. If a robot can have old information and past experiences and can go over them again and again, and can receive sensory input about its environment and can apply this to achieving certain outcomes and goals including joy and entertainment we have original thought and imagination in a machine. 6. Utilitarianism Clarification: Pro seems to be confused by this argument. I was not arguing that happiness has no logical reason for it in the sense he implies. Happiness, like everything has a cause. What I was referring to is that "happiness" does not have to be justified by an "end", does not require a logical reason to explain why someone would have that as a goal. When someone does something to make themselves happy it would be silly to ask why they wanted to be happy and what they planned on using their happiness for. The point was while we think of robots as logical and hence that they would not consider "emotion" this is because our society has placed a false dichotomy between considering logic and considering emotion. Since happiness is the only thing good in and of itself it is logical to put logic towards the goal of achieving happiness. It's not hard to conceive of an adequately programmed robot, programmed with feelings to apply logic towards "happiness". 7. Binary Code Rebuttal There's nothing about artificial intelligence that requires us to keep it in binary. Human beings have our own programming too, in our DNA. We have adenine, guanine, thymine, and cytosine for each "spot" on the genome. This is analogous to the 1s and 0s in artificial intelligence. The difference is instead of binary we are machines run on a quaternary code. If it has to be done to enhance artificial intelligence we will switch over to using a system of 0s, 1s, 2s, and 3s.