Newton vs Einstein

FRAMEWORKGood morning. I appreciate my opponent's contentions, however I would like to clarify something. For the remainder of this round, the voter should decide only on which of the two men, Albert Einstein or Isaac Newton, had a GREATER IMPACT ON SOCIETY. I specified this framework in Round 1, and my opponent neglected to refute it, so this is how the voter should determine the round. My opponent says that Einstein was "better" than Newton, but this is vague, informal, and unspecific. It would be more intriguing to compare which of the two men had a stronger influence on the world (and on current knowledge). So, I would politely ask the voter to disregard the contention regarding Einstein's musical interests; this is not relevant for the debate. RELEVANCE TO THE FRAMEWORKI proceed to refute my opponent's contentions and show how they do NOT show that Einstein had a greater influence on society. First, my opponent claims that Albert Einstein disovered the photoelectric effect. This is blantantly untrue. It was Heinrich Hertz who observed that light can be thought of as an electromagnetic wave but also that it carries energy. Albert Einstein simply elaborated this principle and then constructed an essay about it. It is a stretch to grant photoelectric effect to Einstein. With regard to the contention about audacity, again this is not relevant to the framework of the debate: which man had a larger impact on society. Just because Einstein's ideas were laughed at but then reconsidered does not mean that he was more influential on society. Please disregard the section that starts with "Breaking barriers". The section regarding philanthropy is only tangentially related to the debate, but I will let it stand for now. I proceed to my contentions to discuss why Newton is much more influential than Einstein. If my opponent is unable to show that Einstein's impacts on society overwhelmingly outweigh Newton's, the Con (Newton) should win this round. (I also recommend that the Pro change the name of the debate to "Resolved: Albert Einstein had a larger impact on society than did Isaac Newton. "ISAAC NEWTONMy opponent facilitates my contentions by listing the primary discoveries and developments of Isaac Newton: mechanics, calculus, gravitaiton, and so many others. I will briefly describe each of these discoveries and why each of them are so much more valuable and intriguing than anything that Einstein was able to derive. NEWTON AND GRAVITATIONWhen Isaac Newton was asleep under an apple tree one afternoon, an apple fell on his head unexpectedly. This led him to believe (and publicize) the notion that there exists a force of attraction between two bodies of mass: in this case, the apple and planet Earth. This makes Newton's law of gravitation extremely interesting and relevant to today's society. Children of all ages and hobbies will ask why things tend to "go down" or why the sun appears to rise each morning and set each evening. All of these groundbreaking phenomena cannot be taken for granted; they are the conclusions of Isaac Newton. Albert Einstein might have paved the way for special relativity and general relativity, but these topics are extremely esoteric; they apply only to those who are scientifically inclined and not to the average American who wants to know more about how the foundational world works. NEWTON, DERIVATIVES, AND INTEGRALSCalculus is defined as the mathematical study of change, in the same way that algebra is the mathematical study of relationships. It is a very essential field in a wide variety of disciplines, some of which are not as technical as one might expect: mathematics, physics, engineering, economics, psychology, chemistry, and a wide variety of other topics. Due to Isaac Newton, we are able to explain what it means to differentiate a function with respect to a variable, or how to find the area of a region that is enclosed by two curves. These fundamentals might seem mathematically advanced, but in truth they are the underlying methods by which we understand and interpret statistics, rates of changes, areas, sums, and everything else that anybody might use in his life. Again, Einstein's work in relativity and light is somewhat relevant, but it just fails to bear the same impact that gravitation and calculus do. Already, Newton is seen as more influential than Einstein. LONGER, MORE SUSTAINED IMPACTA voter might be concerned that Albert Einstein is a much more recent scient (1900's as opposed to the 1600's) than Isaac Newton. However, if anything, this means that Newton was indeed more influential. The several-hundred-year-old work of Isaac Newton has provided an intellectual basis for much more mathematical and scientific theory that has been discovered and utilitized by other scientists, such as Einstein himself. In other words, Isaac Newton's theories are older and have been part of the reason why Albert Einstein is so undeservingly prominent. WHEN NEWTON BROUGHT MATH AND PHYSICS TOGETHERIsaac Newton also built the first reflecting telescope, allowing us to understand and apply crucial principles of ray optics, lenses, and mirrors. Newoon also developed a theory of color based on a prism that decomposed white light into all of the colors of the visible spectrum. This is one of Pink Floyd's most famous graphics and is rooted in science that is attributable only to Isaac Newton. He also formulated a law of cooling (known as Newton's law of cooling, which is a differential equation that relies not only on physics/chemistry but also on mathematics), determined a quantity for the speed of sound, and introduced a Newtonian fluid. MATHEMATICAL ACCOMPLISHMENTSIn addition to discovering and developing basic differential and integral calculus, the mathematician in Newton developed the poewr series, the binomial theorem, a root-finding method studied in numerical analysis (known as Newton's method), and cubic plane curves. These are all incredible feats for someone who lived so long ago. Isaac Newton also approximated partial sums of the harmonic series by using logarithms and was the first to use power series with confidence. This type of mathematics might not be learned until high school or college, but for anyone with the least bit of a quantitative career (all careers except perhaps religion or history), Newton's discoveries and conclusions are crucially important. EVEN MORE. .. Isaac Newton developed three laws of motion, which can be summarized in two sentences: a net force that is applied in a certain direction to a mass causes the mass to accelerate in that direction. Every action has an equal and opposite reaction. These are essential properties that explain why it is hard to push a heavy crate forward, why we rush forward when we are driving a car and quickly come to a stop, why a block of ice has a hard time decelerating when it is moving on another block of ice. These are crucial theories that are conveniently summed up in Newton's laws of motion. Isaac Newton also publicized his heliocentric view of the Solar System. His insights on this verified the validity of this view and allowed Albert Einstein (and everyone else falling after Newton) to know that the Earth orbits the Sun. ALSO A MATHEMATICIANWhat ultimately makes Isaac Newotn much more influential than Albert Einstein is that he was not only a physicist but also a mathematician. My opponent briefly mentions Bose-Einstein statistics; this might be misconstrued as mathematical, but in truth it relates only to complicated physics theory that only 1% of people would argue "is influential". The mathematics that Isaac Newton grew to understand, publish, and spread has led many generations to understand mathematics better and to use it to their intellectual advantage. Einstein is simply a physicist, so anyone who does not like physics is neither impacted nor influenced by Einstein's theories. CONCLUSIONSIsaac Newton is overwhelmingly more influential than Albert Einstein.