Women tougher than men

My opponent argues that men could not handle menstruation, and because of this, women are tougher. Being male, I have no first-hand experience of this, but this survey from the Association of Reproductive Health Professionals [1] states that at least 80% of women feel moody, cramped, and irritable while on their period. Therefore, the experience affects most women very negatively. Since it is impossible to replicate in a male, there is no evidence that men would be any less tolerant of menstruation.While exceptions always exist, men, on average, are mentally tougher than women. There are several psychological differences between male and female brains that show that most males can better, as Pro put it, "withstand adverse conditions or rough or careless handling":1. Emotional IntensityShowing mental strength in hostile situations involves keeping one's emotions under control. According to Wikipedia, "When measured with an 'affect' intensity measure, women reported greater intensity of both positive and negative affect than men." [2] This means that in one psychological study, women showed greater feelings of joy and love, but also felt shame, sadness, anger, etc. more strongly than men. Vulnerability implies being more susceptible to emotional change, and since women are affected more by emotional stimuli on average, men are normally less vulnerable. To add on to this, by the time age 18 is reached, women will generally have cried four times as much as men. [3]2. Response to DangerMost will agree that mental toughness will affect the way one acts when faced with a potentially dangerous or life-threatening situation. A study by Paula M. Niedenthal shows that women "reported greater fear" in frightening situations such as "being home alone and witnessing a stranger walking towards your house" [4]. Men, in the same situation, usually react with greater aggression. This is why the stereotype is that, when a family is put in danger, the man is expected to be the protector, and to take the most action to get rid of the danger, while the woman, statistically more empathetic and nurturing towards children, tries to keep the kids safe.3. Evolutionary BackgroundWomen are normally better at interpreting the emotions of facial expression, and empathy in general. This evolutionary instinct likely comes from the "peacemaker" role women had in ancient hunter-gatherer societies, caring for the children and bonding socially while the men were out hunting bison and killing each other. [5] Men were encouraged to hide their emotions in case they were interpreted as a sign of weakness. This is still relevant in modern society. Women, due to their greater levels of empathy, are more reluctant to resort to violence. This has nothing to do with physical strength, but with the aggression and mental strength brought about by higher testosterone levels.In conclusion, males are generally more "hardened" when it comes to emotional and dangerous situations, and thus possess greater mental toughness. I await Pro's counter-argument.SOURCES:1. http://www.arhp.org...2. https://en.wikipedia.org...3. http://www.telegraph.co.uk...4. https://en.wikipedia.org...5. Male, Female: The Evolution of Human Sex Differences by David C. Geary