It is reasonable to say that Humans have not been around for 200,000 years

I will quote my opponent and then respond to what he has to say underneath the quote. "First, in order to do a calculation, data is required. The first census in the United States was in 1790. There are no prehistorical records or estimates of populations across the globe. Even if a few records existed, it would be impossible to determine the rate of growth of the entire Earth based on a few populations out of thousands of populations that existed at the time." Well, we have records of the world's population from that past two-three centuries. I have already provided those records in a link. These records show that the human population doubles ever 45-75 years. But since we don't know quite how the population would have doubled in the past, I made a example of the population possibly doubling every 2,000 years (which seems quite generous). Even then, if humans had existed 200,000 years ago, there would be trillions and trillions of people right now. The population would have had to double ever 6,250 years for the numbers to work. And that is just absurd when we see that our population doubles every 45 years (at least recently). "Second, the rate of change is a statistical calculation. Anomalies like mass extinctions are not taken into account. We know from the fossil record that catastrophic events occurred since the first human walked on the Earth. In fact, a recent study found just such evidence for the end-Triassic extinction, caused by a series of massive eruptions in north-central Pangaea, and recently completed studies into the Chicxulub impact all but confirm that a massive impactor was indeed responsible for the extinction of the dinosaurs." The problem is that humans would have to be on the verge of extinction for the majority of their existence in order for the numbers to add up. And the example you gave killed off supposedly killed 70,000 people but this doesn't explain why there aren't trillions and trillions of people now. 70,000 people is nothing compared to how many people there would be if they had really existed 200,000 years ago. "Catastrophic events have even altered the population growth rate as recently as the early 1900's after the First World War. There were so many casualties relative to the total population of the Earth that the growth rate of the entire globe was impacted." But again, these catastrophic events would have had to kill most of the 2.5 million trillion trillion of people that would exist today if the population doubled only after every 2,000 years (this fact alone is extremely unlikely). That seems to be an impossible idea. "But what about humans? There is one near-extinction event that is fairly well-known, although it remains controversial. Roughly 70,000 years ago, give or take a few thousand years, an enormous eruption occurred in what is now Sumatra, leaving behind Lake Toba . The eruption coincides with a population bottleneck that is often cited as the reason for the relatively low genetic diversity across Homo sapiens sapiens. Research suggests as few as 2,000 humans were left alive by the eruption and its aftereffects." I have never heard of that near-extinction event. Is there any way you could provide some information on it. I of course will do some research myself. But even if something like this happened, the numbers of humans would still be way too many. Humans would have another 130,000 years to recover from that event. 2,000 humans doubling every 2,000 years (that is being really generous by the way considering humans double much quicker than that) would amount to an impossible amount of humans. so this event still would not help you case. "The fossil record shows that humans have been around for approximately 200,000 years." Using certain dating methods you will get numbers that support your position. But the numbers still do not add up and that is a problem for the evolutionists. "In conclusion, the combination of simple mathematical functions like rate of change in two variables and modern physics offers a massive amount of hard evidence that humans have occupied the Earth for at least 200,000 years." I don't think so. The human race would have to face extinction through it entire existence in order for the numbers to add up. But if humans have only existed for 6,000 years, there is no longer a problem with the numbers of humans there are today. So it is reasonable to say that humans have not been around for 200,000 years.