BUNNY6472/databricks-dolly-15k huggingface dataset:
The coxswain (or simply the cox) is the member who steers the boat using rudder strings, and coordinates the power and rhythm of the rowers, by communicating to the crew, often through a device called a cox box and speakers. The cox usually sits in the stern of the boat facing the rowers but in bowloaders, usually seen in the coxed four and coxed pair types of boat, the coxswain lies in the bow.

Instruction: What is the role of the coxswain?
Response: A coxswain sits in the stern of a rowing boat. A coxswain steers using rudder strings and coordinates the rowers through speakers located throughout the boat.
In Vedic literature, Devas and Devis represent the forces of nature and some represent moral values (such as the Adityas, Varuna, and Mitra), each symbolizing the epitome of a specialized knowledge, creative energy, exalted and magical powers (Siddhis).
Vedic era deities evolved over time. Rudra (left) is represented in Vedic literature, is shown as Shiva-Rudra 2nd-century sculpture (middle), and as Shiva (meaning kind) in 13th-century art work (right). The iconography evolved, retaining some symbolic elements such as trident, axe or antelope.The most referred to Devas in the Rigveda are Indra, Agni (fire) and Soma, with "fire deity" called the friend of all humanity, it and Soma being the two celebrated in a yajna fire ritual that marks major Hindu ceremonies. Savitr, Vishnu, Rudra (later given the exclusive epithet of Shiva), and Prajapati (later Brahma) are gods and hence Devas.The Vedas describes a number of significant Devis such as Ushas (dawn), Prithvi (earth), Aditi (cosmic moral order), Saraswati (river, knowledge), Vāc (sound), Nirṛti (destruction), Ratri (night), Aranyani (forest), and bounty goddesses such as Dinsana, Raka, Puramdhi, Parendi, Bharati, Mahi among others are mentioned in the Rigveda. Sri, also called Lakshmi, appears in late Vedic texts dated to be pre-Buddhist, but verses dedicated to her do not suggest that her characteristics were fully developed in the Vedic era. All gods and goddesses are distinguished in the Vedic times, but in the post-Vedic texts (~500 BCE to 200 CE), and particularly in the early medieval era literature, they are ultimately seen as aspects or manifestations of one Brahman, the Supreme power.

Instruction: Who are the  most referred to Devas in the Rigveda as per the passage?
Response: Indra, Agni (fire) and Soma
An oligopoly (from Greek ὀλίγος, oligos "few" and πωλεῖν, polein "to sell") is a market structure in which a market or industry is dominated by a small number of large sellers or producers. Oligopolies often result from the desire to maximize profits, which can lead to collusion between companies. This reduces competition, increases prices for consumers, and lowers wages for employees.

Many industries have been cited as oligopolistic, including civil aviation, electricity providers, the telecommunications sector, Rail freight markets, food processing, funeral services, sugar refining, beer making, pulp and paper making, and automobile manufacturing.

Most countries have laws outlawing anti-competitive behavior. EU competition law prohibits anti-competitive practices such as price-fixing and manipulating market supply and trade among competitors. In the US, the United States Department of Justice Antitrust Division and the Federal Trade Commission are tasked with stopping collusion. However, corporations can evade legal consequences through tacit collusion, as collusion can only be proven through actual and direct communication between companies.

It is possible for oligopolies to develop without collusion and in the presence of fierce competition among market participants. This is a situation similar to perfect competition, where oligopolists have their own market structure. In this situation, each company in the oligopoly has a large share in the industry and plays a pivotal, unique role. With post-socialist economies, oligopolies may be particularly pronounced. For example in Armenia, where business elites enjoy oligopoly, 19% of the whole economy is monopolized (BEEPS 2009 database), making it the most monopolized country in the region. 

Instruction: What is an oligopoly?
Response: Oligopoly is a market structure that is along the spectrum of competition ranging from monopoly to perfect competition. Oligopoly is a market structure that has few sellers or producers. Oligopoly is similar to monopoly except there are multiple sellers instead of just one single dominate producer.
After being expelled from Malaysia, Singapore became independent as the Republic of Singapore on 9 August 1965, with Lee Kuan Yew and Yusof bin Ishak as the first prime minister and president respectively. In 1967, the country co-founded the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). Race riots broke out once more in 1969. Lee Kuan Yew's emphasis on rapid economic growth, support for business entrepreneurship, and limitations on internal democracy shaped Singapore's policies for the next half-century. Economic growth continued throughout the 1980s, with the unemployment rate falling to 3% and real GDP growth averaging at about 8% up until 1999. During the 1980s, Singapore began to shift towards high-tech industries, such as the wafer fabrication sector, in order to remain competitive as neighbouring countries began manufacturing with cheaper labour. Singapore Changi Airport was opened in 1981 and Singapore Airlines was formed. The Port of Singapore became one of the world's busiest ports and the service and tourism industries also grew immensely during this period.

Instruction: When did Singapore gain independence, and who was the first President?
Response: Singapore became independent on 9 August 1965, and the first president was Yusof bin Ishak.
Unione Sportiva Sassuolo Calcio, commonly referred to as Sassuolo (Italian pronunciation: [sasˈswɔːlo]), is an Italian football club based in Sassuolo, Emilia-Romagna. Their colours are black and green, hence the nickname Neroverdi (literally "black and green", in Italian).

Sassuolo have played in Serie A since the 2013–14 season, joining a select group of teams playing in the Serie A but not belonging to a provincial capital city: U.S. Savoia 1908 (Torre Annunziata), Empoli, Legnano, Pro Patria (Busto Arsizio), Carpi and Casale.

Instruction: Tell me about the football club Unione Sassuolo
Response: Unione Sportiva Sassuolo Calcio, commonly referred to as Sassuolo is an Italian football club based in Sassuolo, Emilia-Romagna. Their colours are black and green, hence the nickname Neroverdi (literally "black and green", in Italian).

Sassuolo have played in Serie A since the 2013–14 season, joining a select group of teams playing in the Serie A but not belonging to a provincial capital city: U.S. Savoia 1908 (Torre Annunziata), Empoli, Legnano, Pro Patria (Busto Arsizio), Carpi and Casale.
From 1920 to 1934, the NFL did not have a set number of games for teams to play, instead setting a minimum. The league mandated a twelve-game regular season for each team beginning in 1935, later shortening this to eleven games in 1937 and ten games in 1943, mainly due to World War II. After the war ended, the number of games returned to eleven games in 1946, and later back to twelve in 1947. The NFL went to a 14-game schedule in 1961, which it retained until switching to a 16-game schedule in 1978. In March 2021, the NFL officially adopted a 17-game schedule after gaining the agreement of the National Football League Players Association (NFLPA).

Instruction: From the passage provided, extract the progression of number of games in an NFL season.
Response: In the early years of the NFL the league simply mandated a minimum of 12 games played each season from 1920-1934. In 1937 teams played 11 games. In 1943 teams played 10 games due to World War II. By 1947 teams were playing 12 games per season. From 1961 to 1978 teams played 14 games per season before playing 16 games per season until 2021. Each NFL team plays 17 games per season in present day.
Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of eleven players on a field at the centre of which is a 22-yard (20-metre) pitch with a wicket at each end, each comprising two bails balanced on three stumps. The batting side scores runs by striking the ball bowled at one of the wickets with the bat and then running between the wickets, while the bowling and fielding side tries to prevent this (by preventing the ball from leaving the field, and getting the ball to either wicket) and dismiss each batter (so they are "out"). Means of dismissal include being bowled, when the ball hits the stumps and dislodges the bails, and by the fielding side either catching the ball after it is hit by the bat, but before it hits the ground, or hitting a wicket with the ball before a batter can cross the crease in front of the wicket. When ten batters have been dismissed, the innings ends and the teams swap roles. The game is adjudicated by two umpires, aided by a third umpire and match referee in international matches. They communicate with two off-field scorers who record the match's statistical information.

Instruction: Kindly provide a bullet list of key aspects of Cricket sport from the given passage.
Response: 1. Cricket is a game played with bat and ball between 2 teams of 11 players each.
2. The game is played on a pitch of 22 yard which has a wicket (2 bails on 3 stumps) on both ends.
3. One team does batting another does bowling.
4. The batting side scores runs by striking the bowl and then running between wickets.
5. Bowling sides tries to prevent batting side from getting the ball leaving the field along with getting the bowl to either wicket so that batter can be dismissed.
6. Dismissal can happen when ball hits the stumps and throws the bails, fielders on bowling  side catching the ball after hitting the bat but before hitting the ground or by hitting the wicket with the bowl before the batter can cross the crease in front of wicket.
7. When 10 batters are dismissed, the innings ends and roles of the teams are reversed.
8. The game is supervised by 2 umpires, a third umpire and match referee in international matches.
9. The umpires communicate with two off-field scores who records the match's statistical information
Green was selected with the 35th overall pick in the 2012 NBA draft by the Golden State Warriors. On July 30, 2012, he signed a three-year, $2.6 million contract with the Warriors. In his NBA debut in the Warriors' season opener on October 31 against the Phoenix Suns, Green played one minute, made one defensive rebound, and committed one foul. Green gradually received more playing time in subsequent games, especially in the wake of injuries to Brandon Rush and Richard Jefferson. After getting only marginal floor time at the beginning of the season, by November 22, Green was playing 15–20 minutes per game, and by December 9, as Green gained a bigger role on the team, the Warriors had won 8 of 10 games. On December 12, Green made the winning layup with 0.9 seconds left in the Warriors' 97–95 win over the defending champion Miami Heat.

Instruction: How did Draymond Green's minutes increase over time?
Response: In his NBA debut in the Warriors' season opener on October 31, 2012, against the Phoenix Suns, Green played one minute. Green gradually received more playing time in subsequent games, especially in the wake of injuries to Brandon Rush and Richard Jefferson. After getting only marginal floor time at the beginning of the season, by November 22, 2012, Green was playing 15–20 minutes per game.

It is not clear how Green's minutes increased over time beyond November 22, 2012 based on the provided text.
It is considered a great honor to be invited to live on The Lawn, and 54 fourth-year undergraduates do so each year, joining ten members of the faculty who permanently live and teach in the Pavilions there. Similarly, graduate students may live on The Range. Edgar Allan Poe formerly lived in 13 West Range, and since 1904 the Raven Society has retrofitted and preserved his room much as it may have existed in the 1820s.

Instruction: According to this paragraph about the University of Virginia, where did Edgar Allan Poe live during his time at the university?
Response: Edgar Allen Poe lived in 13 West Range on The Lawn at the University of Virginia.
Quah Jing Wen (Chinese: 柯敬文; pinyin: Kē Jìngwén; born 20 December 2000) is a Singaporean professional swimmer who specialises in individual medley, butterfly and freestyle events.

Education
Quah was educated at Methodist Girls' School and Anglo-Chinese School (Independent), before graduating from Texas A&M University in 2021 with a bachelor's degree in biomedical science.

Swimming career
Quah Jing Wen clocked 2min 12.95sec and set an Under-17 200m butterfly Singaporean national record at the Neo Garden 13th Singapore National Swimming Championships, breaking Tao Li's record set in 2005.

Quah won the bronze in the 2015 SEA Games when making her debut in the 400m IM.

In 2017, Quah won 5 gold medals and a silver medal at the Commonwealth Youth Games, held in Nassau. In the same year, she also won 5 gold medals in the 2017 SEA Games.[1

Instruction: What modalities does Quah Jing Wen specialize on?
Response: Quah Jing Wen is specialized on individual medley, butterfly and freestyle events.
House (also called House, M.D.) is an American medical drama television series that originally ran on the Fox network for eight seasons, from November 16, 2004, to May 21, 2012. The series' main character is Dr. Gregory House (Hugh Laurie), an unconventional, misanthropic medical genius who, despite his dependence on pain medication, leads a team of diagnosticians at the fictional Princeton–Plainsboro Teaching Hospital (PPTH) in New Jersey. The series' premise originated with Paul Attanasio, while David Shore, who is credited as creator, was primarily responsible for the conception of the title character.

Instruction: How many seasons is House the TV series?
Response: House, M.D. is an American medical drama television series that originally ran for eight seasons.
Parker's style of composition involved interpolation of original melodies over existing jazz forms and standards, a practice known as contrafact and still common in jazz today. Examples include "Ornithology" (which borrows the chord progression of jazz standard "How High the Moon" and is said to be co-written with trumpet player Little Benny Harris), and "Moose The Mooche" (one of many Parker compositions based on the chord progression of "I Got Rhythm"). The practice was not uncommon prior to bebop, but it became a signature of the movement as artists began to move away from arranging popular standards and toward composing their own material. Perhaps Parker's most well-known contrafact is "Koko," which is based on the chord changes of the popular bebop tune "Cherokee," written by Ray Noble.

Instruction: What is contrafact?
Response: Contrafact is a type of jazz composition where the composer takes the basic structure of a popular song, rearranges it and provides a new melody to the song. Charlie Parker was a jazz musician and composer who used this style of composition extensively. Some of the best known examples of Parker's use of contrafact are:
"Ornithology"- Based on the popular song "How High the Moon"
"Moose the Moose"- Based on the standard "I've Got Rhythm"
"Koko"-Based on the swing standard "Cherokee"
Tesla, Inc. (/ˈtɛslə/ TESS-lə or /ˈtɛzlə/ TEZ-lə) is an American multinational automotive and clean energy company headquartered in Austin, Texas, United States. Tesla designs and manufactures electric vehicles (electric cars and trucks), battery energy storage from home to grid-scale, solar panels and solar roof tiles, and related products and services. Tesla is one of the world's most valuable companies and is, as of 2023, the world's most valuable automaker. In 2021, the company had the most worldwide sales of battery electric vehicles and plug-in electric vehicles, capturing 21% of the battery-electric (purely electric) market and 14% of the plug-in market (which includes plug-in hybrids). Through its subsidiary Tesla Energy, the company develops and is a major installer of photovoltaic systems in the United States. Tesla Energy is also one of the largest global suppliers of battery energy storage systems, with 3.99 gigawatt-hours (GWh) installed in 2021.

Tesla was incorporated in July 2003 by Martin Eberhard and Marc Tarpenning as Tesla Motors. The company's name is a tribute to inventor and electrical engineer Nikola Tesla. In February 2004, via a $6.5 million investment, Elon Musk became the largest shareholder of the company. He has served as CEO since 2008. According to Musk, the purpose of Tesla is to help expedite the move to sustainable transport and energy, obtained through electric vehicles and solar power. Tesla began production of its first car model, the Roadster sports car, in 2008. This was followed by the Model S sedan in 2012, the Model X SUV in 2015, the Model 3 sedan in 2017, the Model Y crossover in 2020, and the Tesla Semi truck in 2022. The company plans to start production of the Cybertruck light-duty pickup truck in 2023. The Model 3 is the all-time bestselling plug-in electric car worldwide, and, in June 2021, became the first electric car to sell 1 million units globally. Tesla's 2022 full year deliveries were around 1.31 million vehicles, a 40% increase over the previous year, and cumulative sales totaled 3 million cars as of August 2022. In October 2021, Tesla's market capitalization reached $1 trillion, the sixth company to do so in U.S. history.

Tesla has been the subject of several lawsuits, government scrutiny, journalistic criticism, and public controversies arising from statements and acts of CEO Elon Musk and from allegations of whistleblower retaliation, worker rights violations, and defects with their products.

Instruction: From the passage list down the various models of Tesla vehicle. List the results in comma separated format.
Response: Roadster, Model S, Model X, Model 3, Model Y, Tesla Semi, Cybertruck
Sachin Tendulkar is wonderful not because of his cricketing prowess; if that were the case, roughly the same degree of adoration would have been held for Rahul Dravid, who is also in the same league in terms of performance...

164 Tests, 13288 runs at 52.88 versus Sachin's 200 Tests, 15921 runs at 53.86

As you can see, there is nothing to select between the two.

Of course, Sachin has a significant advantage in one-dayers: 39 vs 44 in averages. Yet not nearly enough to deserve Sachin's adoration.

Instruction: What makes Sachin Tendulkar so special?
Response: Sachin Tendulkar is wonderful not because of his cricketing prowess; if that were the case, roughly the same degree of adoration would have been held for Rahul Dravid, who is also in the same league in terms of performance...

164 Tests, 13288 runs at 52.88 versus Sachin's 200 Tests, 15921 runs at 53.86

As you can see, there is nothing to select between the two.

Of course, Sachin has a significant advantage in one-dayers: 39 vs 44 in averages. Yet not nearly enough to deserve Sachin's adoration.

Sachin is great in my opinion mostly because of his age when he first entered the cricket scene; to perform what he did at the age of 16 is incredible. Consider yourself at 16...and then consider Imran, Waqar, and Wasim blasting into you at 16 in front of a partisan crowd, with all of India watching. Consider yourself as a 16-year-old fighting the arch-enemy Pakistan. Imagine yourself at the age of 16 being smashed on the body with a leather ball. Consider yourself at 16 years old, attempting to focus on the ball in front of a roaring crowd.

That is what he did....


And a legend was born!

His achievements from 16 - 22 are the stuff of legend; and that is his primary claim to greatness.


Yes, there are other factors: his simplicity, his focus, his concentration, his determination, his longevity etc... but the primary one is the aspect listed above.


But even that does not explain his sustained claim to greatness over the years,

To this, we must add that he is a fighter who enjoys a good challenge. The manner he dealt with the top fast bowlers of the day, like as Allan Donald. And his famed war with Shane Warne... these battles, and more, when he faced the opposition, are unique to him; almost.


And then there's the fact that he's believed to have the purest game with the widest range of shots... To watch him bat is to witness beauty in action, poetry in motion. There is no better sight than Sachin in full flow...

And the icing on the cake?

He has succeeded in all forms of the game. Try and find me 2 other players who have done that.
The most important competition in rugby union is the Rugby World Cup, a men's tournament that has taken place every four years since the inaugural event in 1987. South Africa are the reigning champions, having defeated England in the final of the 2019 Rugby World Cup in Yokohama. New Zealand and South Africa have each won the title three times (New Zealand: 1987, 2011, 2015; South Africa: 1995, 2007, 2019), Australia have won twice (1991 and 1999), and England once (2003). England is the only team from the Northern Hemisphere to have won the Rugby World Cup.

Instruction: What countries have won the rugby world cup?
Response: - New Zealand
- Australia
- South Africa
- England
The series was often described as "a show about nothing." However, in 2014, Seinfeld stated: "The pitch for the show, the real pitch, when Larry and I went to NBC in 1988, was we want to show how a comedian gets his material. The show about nothing was just a joke in an episode many years later, and Larry and I to this day are surprised that it caught on as a way that people describe the show, because to us it's the opposite of that." David similarly commented: "I like taking the worst qualities that a person has and trying to make something funny out of it. Doesn’t everybody do terrible things and have terrible thoughts? Just by trying to be as funny, you’re going to deal with a lot of things that are real, so the show’s really about something. The whole thing about the show being about nothing is ridiculous." Much of the show's humor is based upon repeated use of irony, incongruity and (oftentimes unfortunate) coincidences.

Instruction: What do Jerry Seinfeld and Larry David have to say about Seinfeld being called "a show about nothing"?
Response: Larry and Jerry are surprised that the "a show about nothing" phrase caught on as a way that people describe the show, and they are not fond of that description of the show.

Larry David commented, "...the show’s really about something. The whole thing about the show being about nothing is ridiculous". Larry states that the show is about "taking the worst qualities that a person has and trying to make something funny out of it". Jerry mentioned that the show was about "how a comedian gets his material".
The first season of ten episodes premiered on Apple TV+ on August 14, 2020, with three episodes followed by weekly installments. A second season of 12 episodes premiered on July 23, 2021. In October 2020, the series was renewed for a third season, which premiered on March 15, 2023.

Instruction: Given this paragraph, how many seasons are there of Ted Lasso?
Response: As of March 2023, there have been 3 seasons of Ted Lasso.
From 2011 to 2021, renewable energy has grown from 20% to 28% of global electricity supply. Use of fossil energy shrank from 68% to 62%, and nuclear from 12% to 10%. The share of hydropower decreased from 16% to 15% while power from sun and wind increased from 2% to 10%. Biomass and geothermal energy grew from 2% to 3%.

Instruction: What is the renewable energy evolution in the last years as part of the global electricity supply share? provide a list by energy sources
Response: Between 2011 and 2021 the energy supply share evolved as:
- Renewable 20% - 28%
- Fossil 68% - 62%
- Nuclear 12% - 10%
- Hydropower 16% - 15%
- Sun and Wind 2% - 10%
- Biomass and Geothermal 2% - 3%
Pinot noir's home is France's Burgundy region, particularly Côte-d'Or. It is also planted in Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, northern parts of Croatia, Czech Republic, England, the Republic of Georgia, Germany, Greece, Israel, Italy, Hungary, Kosovo, the Republic of Macedonia, Moldova, New Zealand, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Switzerland, Ukraine, United States, and Uruguay. The United States has increasingly become a major pinot noir producer, with some of the best regarded coming from Oregon's Willamette Valley, and California's Sonoma County with its Russian River Valley and Sonoma Coast appellations. Lesser-known appellations are found in Mendocino County's Anderson Valley, the Central Coast's Santa Lucia Highlands appellation, the Santa Maria Valley, and Sta. Rita Hills American Viticulture Area in Santa Barbara County. In New Zealand, it is principally grown in Martinborough, Marlborough, Waipara, and Central Otago

Instruction: In which countries in Pinot Noir most commonly grown ?
Response: Pinot Noir is grown in France, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, Croatia, Czech Republic, England, the Republic of Georgia, Germany, Greece, Israel, Italy, Hungary, Kosovo, the Republic of Macedonia, Moldova, New Zealand, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Switzerland, Ukraine, United States, and Uruguay.
Liebers is a German language surname. Notable people with the name include:

Mario Liebers (born 1960), German former competitive figure skater
Martin Liebers (born 1985), German former competitive figure skater
Matthias Liebers (born 1958), former German footballer
Peter Liebers (born 1988), German former figure skater.

Instruction: Which notable people in this list with surname Liebers were born in the 80s?
Response: Martin Liebers and Peter Liebers
Bhopal (/boʊˈpɑːl/; Hindi: [bʱoːpaːl] ( listen)) is the capital city of the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh and the administrative headquarters of both Bhopal district and Bhopal division. It is known as the City of Lakes due to its various natural and artificial lakes. It is also one of the greenest cities in India. It is the 16th largest city in India and 131st in the world. After the formation of Madhya Pradesh, Bhopal was part of the Sehore district. It was bifurcated in 1972 and a new district, Bhopal, was formed. Flourishing around 1707, the city was the capital of the former Bhopal State, a princely state of the British ruled by the Nawabs of Bhopal. Numerous heritage structures from this period include the Taj-ul-Masajid and Taj Mahal palace. In 1984, the city was struck by the Bhopal disaster, one of the worst industrial disasters in history

Instruction: Based on the paragraph given, list down some important points regarding Bhopal city
Response: 1.	Bhopal is the capital city of Madhya Pradesh in India, and the administrative headquarters of both Bhopal district and Bhopal division.
2.	Bhopal is also known as “The city of lakes” . It is also the 16th largest city in India and 131st in the world.
3.	Bhopal was formed as a new district from existing Sehore district in 1972.
4.	In 1707 Bhopal was the capital of the former Bhopal State, which British ruled by the Nawabs of Bhopal.
5.	Bhopal has Numerous heritage structures from 1700’s include the Taj-ul-Masjid and Taj Mahal palace.
6.	One of the worst industrial disasters in history happened in 1984 in Bhopal , also known as Bhopal Disaster.
Grove Park Sidings is a large stabling complex for suburban commuter trains in Lewisham, South East London. It is situated approximately halfway between Hither Green Station and Grove Park station.

Grove Park Sidings were previously named Hither Green Sidings, until sidings closer to Hither Green were built and took that name, causing the site to be renamed Grove Park Sidings.

It consists of two sets of sidings, one on either side of the Main line which are linked by a pedestrian footbridge. On the Down side are Bramdean sidings and the large carriage shed, whilst on the Up side are St Mildreds sidings. There is also a carriage washing plant on the inlet road of Down sidings.

Instruction: Given this paragraph about a train stabling complex, what was the original name of the Grove Park Sidings?
Response: Hither Green Sidings
Clarence E. Dietz (April 17, 1919 – June 23, 1993) was a former Republican member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives. He was born in 1919 to Clarence and Mary Elizabeth Dietz.

He died in 1993 at his Bedford County home after a short illness

Instruction: When was Clarence Dietz born?
Response: Clarence Dietz was born in April 17, 1919.
Douglas Stuart Moore (August 10, 1893 – July 25, 1969) was an American composer, songwriter, organist, pianist, conductor, educator, actor, and author. A composer who mainly wrote works with an American subject, his music is generally characterized by lyricism in a popular or conservative style which generally eschewed the more experimental progressive trends of musical modernism. Composer Virgil Thomson described Moore as a neoromantic composer who was influenced by American folk music. While several of his works enjoyed popularity during his lifetime, only his folk opera The Ballad of Baby Doe (1956) has remained well known into the 21st century.

Instruction: What is Douglas Stuart Moore's best remembered for?
Response: The Ballad of Baby Doe (1956) as it has remained well known into the 21st century.
William Henry Gates III (born October 28, 1955) is an American business magnate, philanthropist and investor. He is a co-founder of Microsoft, along with his late childhood friend Paul Allen. During his career at Microsoft, Gates held the positions of chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), president and chief software architect, while also being the largest individual shareholder until May 2014. He was a major entrepreneur of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.

Instruction: Who is Bill Gates?
Response: Bill Gates is an American business mogul and co-founder of Microsoft.
The action of 12 December 1782 was a naval engagement fought off the coast of Spain near Ferrol, in which the British 40-gun fifth rate HMS Mediator successfully attacked a convoy of five armed ships. Mediator succeeded in capturing one American privateer, the Alexander, and then captured the French ex-ship of the line La Ménagère. The convoy was part of Pierre Beaumarchais's supply chain to the American colonists.

Instruction: What exactly was the action of 12 December 1782
Response: The action of 12 December 1782 was a naval engagement fought off the coast of Spain near Ferrol, in which the British 40-gun fifth rate HMS Mediator successfully attacked a convoy of five armed ships. 

Mediator succeeded in capturing one American privateer, the Alexander, and then captured the French ex-ship of the line La Menagere. The convoy was part of Pierre Beaumarchais's supply chain to the American colonists.
Ivry-sur-le-Lac is a village and municipality in the Laurentides region of Quebec, Canada, part of the Les Laurentides Regional County Municipality. The municipality completely encompasses Lake Manitou which is a popular cottage vacation location.

The village of Ivry-sur-le-Lac is located at the head of the north-east bay (Lacasse Bay), and the hamlet of Lac-Manitou-Sud is at the head of the south-east bay of Lake Manitou.

Instruction: Where is Lake Manitou?
Response: Lake Manitou is in Quebec Canada, in the municipality of Ivry-sur-le-Lac.
The Chesapeake Bay (/ˈtʃɛsəpiːk/ CHESS-ə-peek) is the largest estuary in the United States. The Bay is located in the Mid-Atlantic region and is primarily separated from the Atlantic Ocean by the Delmarva Peninsula, including parts of the Eastern Shore of Maryland, the Eastern Shore of Virginia, and the state of Delaware. The mouth of the Bay at its southern point is located between Cape Henry and Cape Charles. With its northern portion in Maryland and the southern part in Virginia, the Chesapeake Bay is a very important feature for the ecology and economy of those two states, as well as others surrounding within its watershed. More than 150 major rivers and streams flow into the Bay's 64,299-square-mile (166,534 km2) drainage basin, which covers parts of six states, New York, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia, and all of Washington, D.C.

Instruction: What is the largest estuary in the United States?
Response: The Chesapeake Bay is the largest estuary in the United States.
The daughter of an Algerian father, Anne Zohra Berrached was born and raised in the GDR. Following specialized secondary school in art, she earned a university degree in social pedagogy. Anne Zohra Berrached worked for two years in London as a drama teacher before spending one year abroad in Cameroon and Spain.

Instruction: Where was Anne Zohra Berrached born?
Response: Anne Zohra Berrached was born and raised in GDR (German Democratic Republic)
Alibaba is one of the world's largest retailers and e-commerce companies. In 2020, it was also rated as the fifth-largest artificial intelligence company. It is also one of the biggest venture capital firms and investment corporations in the world, as well as the second largest financial services group behind Visa via its fintech arm Ant Group. The company hosts the largest B2B (Alibaba.com), C2C (Taobao), and B2C (Tmall) marketplaces in the world. It has been expanding into the media industry, with revenues rising by triple percentage points year after year. It also set the record on the 2018 edition of China's Singles' Day, the world's biggest online and offline shopping day.

Instruction: What is the largest retailers and e-commerce companies?
Response: Alibaba is one of the world's largest retailers and e-commerce companies. It consists of many business including B2B (Alibaba.com), C2C (Taobao) and B2C (Tmall). Alibaba is also one of the largest financial companies and AI companies.
Idempotence (UK: /ˌɪdɛmˈpoʊtəns/, US: /ˈaɪdəm-/) is the property of certain operations in mathematics and computer science whereby they can be applied multiple times without changing the result beyond the initial application. The concept of idempotence arises in a number of places in abstract algebra (in particular, in the theory of projectors and closure operators) and functional programming (in which it is connected to the property of referential transparency).

The term was introduced by American mathematician Benjamin Peirce in 1870 in the context of elements of algebras that remain invariant when raised to a positive integer power, and literally means "(the quality of having) the same power", from idem + potence (same + power).

Instruction: Give me a simple summary of idempotency
Response: Idempotency is a mathematical property where if you apply an operation multiple times, the result remains the same -- just as if you had only applied the operation once. Idempotency can grant you at-most-once semantics.
grep is a command-line utility for searching plain-text data sets for lines that match a regular expression. Its name comes from the ed command g/re/p (globally search for a regular expression and print matching lines), which has the same effect. "grep" was originally developed for the Unix operating system, but later available for all Unix-like systems and some others such as OS-9.

Instruction: What is grep used for?
Response: grep is a popular Unix command that is used to search plain-text data sets for lines that match a pattern or regular expression. grep (global regular expression print) was originally developed for the Unix operating system, but later available for all Unix-like systems.

An example of using the grep command to search for a keyword in a file: grep keyword file.txt

You can pipe the output of other commands into grep. For example, grep can be used to search a directory for a file: ls ~/Desktop | grep keyword
Toto is a fictional dog in L. Frank Baum's Oz series of children's books, and works derived from them. His name is pronounced with a long "O", a homophone of "toe toe". He was originally a small terrier drawn by W. W. Denslow for the first edition of The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1900). He reappears in numerous adaptations, such as The Wizard of Oz (1939) and The Wiz (1978).

Instruction: Who is Toto?
Response: Toto may refer to many things but a popular reference is to a small dog in the movie The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1900). Toto belongs to Dorothy Gale, the heroine, and plays a key role at several points in the movie including running away (which causes Dorothy to chase after him and get pulled into the story) and pulling the curtain back to reveal that the Wizard is just an old man.
World records were not officially recognized by the IAAF until 1 January 2004; previously, the best times for the marathon were referred to as the 'world best'. Courses must conform to IAAF standards for a record to be recognized. However, marathon routes still vary greatly in elevation, course, and surface, making exact comparisons impossible. Typically, the fastest times are set over relatively flat courses near sea level, during good weather conditions and with the assistance of pacesetters.

The current world record time for men over the distance is 2 hours 1 minute and 09 seconds, set in the Berlin Marathon by Eliud Kipchoge of Kenya on 25 September 2022, an improvement of 30 seconds over the previous record also set in the Berlin Marathon by Eliud Kipchoge, on 16 September 2018.

The world record for women was set by Brigid Kosgei of Kenya in the Chicago Marathon on 13 October 2019, in 2 hours 14 minutes and 4 seconds who broke the record Paula Radcliffe of Great Britain had set over 16 years earlier at the London Marathon.

Instruction: Given the reference text about the marathon, who currently holds the men's record in the marathon?
Response: The current men's world record in the marathon is held by Eliud Kipchoge, who ran the Berlin Marathon on September 25th 2022 with a time of 2 hours 1 minute and 09 seconds.
Parametrodes is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae.

Instruction: Extract from the text the family of Parametrodes.
Response: Geometridae
Hermenegildo Sosa (born April 12, 1946) is a Mexican painter and art professor who is best known for colorful depictions of Mexican rural landscapes, especially those of his home state of Tlaxcala. He was born there into a farming family, whose economic condition delayed his education as he had to work from a young age. In his teens he arrived to Mexico City to work as a domestic, but this allowed him to attend school, including painting classes. Eventually, he entered the Escuela Nacional de Pintura, Escultura y Grabado "La Esmeralda", where he eventually gained a career as a professor.

Instruction: Who is Hermenegildo Sosa and what is he known for?
Response: Hermenegildo Sosa is a Mexican painter and art professor born in 1946. He is best known for his colorful depictions of Mexican rural landscapes, especially those of him home state in Tlaxcala.
Rustam Gasparyan was an Armenian military officer and politician. In 2020 he was posthumously awarded the Hero of Artsakh military award.

Instruction: Which award did Rustam win and in what year was it awarded?
Response: The Hero of Artsakh military award, in 2020
Hurgon began his theatre career with the supporting rôle of Alberto in the musical Miss Wingrove (1905), with songs by Howard Talbot, which Hurgon produced and directed for Frank Curzon, for whom he next directed The White Chrysanthemum (1905) and The Girl Behind the Counter (1906). Following these successes Hurgon became the director at the Prince of Wales Theatre in London where, when Paul Rubens was indisposed due to ill health while working on Miss Hook of Holland, Hurgon quickly replaced him and finished writing the book and directed the play. Miss Hook was another success, and he moved on to direct My Mimosa Maid (1908) for Curzon. However, The Three Kisses (1907) at the Apollo Theatre and My Mimosa Maid failed, and his association with Curzon ended, his management having lasted for just four performances of the latter piece. Next Hurgon directed The Hon'ble Phil (1908) and Kitty Grey (1909) with music by Talbot at the New Amsterdam Theatre in New York. For C. H. Workman he took over the management of and directed the failing musical Two Merry Monarchs (1910) at the Strand Theatre, the last piece that can be considered a Savoy opera.

Instruction: With this paragraph on Austen Hurgon's biography, what movies did he direct before My Mimosa Maid?
Response: Austen Hurgon directed 5 movies before My Mimosa Maid: Miss Wingrove, The White Chrysanthemum, The Girl Behind the Counter, and Miss Hook of Holland, and The Three Kisses.
A PCM signal is a sequence of digital audio samples containing the data providing the necessary information to reconstruct the original analog signal. Each sample represents the amplitude of the signal at a specific point in time, and the samples are uniformly spaced in time. The amplitude is the only information explicitly stored in the sample, and it is typically stored as either an integer or a floating point number, encoded as a binary number with a fixed number of digits: the sample's bit depth, also referred to as word length or word size.

The resolution indicates the number of discrete values that can be represented over the range of analog values. The resolution of binary integers increases exponentially as the word length increases. Adding one bit doubles the resolution, adding two quadruples it and so on. The number of possible values that can be represented by an integer bit depth can be calculated by using 2^n, where n is the bit depth. Thus, a 16-bit system has a resolution of 65,536 (2^16) possible values.

Instruction: What does "16-bit" mean when referring to digital audio?
Response: Converting sound into a digital format requires taking samples of the original sound wave at regular points in time. These samples numerically represent the relative strength, or amplitude, of the analog wave as it varies over time. For digital audio, these numbers are recorded in binary notation. When digital audio is advertised as 16-bit, we mean that the numerical samples of the artist's recording were recorded as 16 digit-long binary numbers.
Prolonged lack of insulin can also result in diabetic ketoacidosis, characterized by persistent fatigue, dry or flushed skin, abdominal pain, nausea or vomiting, confusion, trouble breathing, and a fruity breath odor. Blood and urine tests reveal unusually high glucose and ketones in the blood and urine. Untreated ketoacidosis can rapidly progress to loss of consciousness, coma, and death. The percentage of children whose type 1 diabetes begins with an episode of diabetic ketoacidosis varies widely by geography, as low as 15% in parts of Europe and North America, and as high as 80% in the developing world.

Instruction: What are the risks of untreated type 1 diabetes?
Response: Untreated type 1 diabetes can rapidly result in diabetic ketoacidosis which may lead to loss of consciousness, coma and death.
Mahendra Singh Dhoni (/məˈheɪndrə ˈsɪŋ dhæˈnɪ/ (listen); born 7 July 1981), commonly known as MS Dhoni, is a former Indian cricketer and captain of the Indian national team in limited-overs formats from 2007 to 2017 and in Test cricket from 2008 to 2014, who plays as a wicket-keeper. He is also the current captain of Chennai Super Kings in the Indian Premier League. Under his captaincy, India won the 2007 ICC World Twenty20, the 2011 Cricket World Cup, and the 2013 ICC Champions Trophy, the most by any captain, where in the 2011 final, he hit the match winning six. He also led India to victory in the 2010 and 2016 Asia Cup. Additionally, under his leadership, India won the 2010 and 2011 ICC Test Mace and 2013 ICC ODI Championship. Dhoni is a right-handed wicket-keeper batsman known for his calm captaincy and his ability to finish matches in tight situations. Mahi scored 17,266 runs in International Cricket (including 10,000 plus runs in ODI Internationals) and is considered one of the best finishers in the game. He is also one of the greatest wicket-keepers and captains in the history of cricket.

Instruction: Extract the teams that Dhoni has played for list them with commas. Also extract the famous wins that Dhoni has led his team to, and place them on a bullet list.
Response: Teams: 

India, Chennai Super Kings

Famous wins:

•	2007 ICC World Twenty20
•	2011 Cricket World Cup
•	2013 ICC Champions Trophy
•	2010 Asia Cup
•	2016 Asia Cup
•	2010 ICC Test Mace
•	2016 ICC Test Mace
•	2013 UCC ODI Championship
Asperger syndrome (AS), also known as Asperger's, is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by significant difficulties in social interaction and nonverbal communication, along with restricted and repetitive patterns of behaviour and interests. The syndrome is no longer recognised as a diagnosis in itself, having been merged with other conditions into autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It was considered to differ from other diagnoses that were merged into ASD by relatively unimpaired spoken language and intelligence.

The syndrome was named after the Austrian pediatrician Hans Asperger, who, in 1944, described children in his care who struggled to form friendships, did not understand others' gestures or feelings, engaged in one-sided conversations about their favourite interests, and were clumsy. In 1994, the diagnosis of Asperger's was included in the fourth edition (DSM-IV) of the American Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; however, with the publication of DSM-5 in 2013 the syndrome was removed, and the symptoms are now included within autism spectrum disorder along with classic autism and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS). It was similarly merged into autism spectrum disorder in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) as of 2021.

The exact cause of Asperger's is poorly understood. While it has high heritability, the underlying genetics have not been determined conclusively. Environmental factors are also believed to play a role. Brain imaging has not identified a common underlying condition. There is no single treatment, and the UK's National Health Service (NHS) guidelines suggest that 'treatment' of any form of autism should not be a goal, since autism is not 'a disease that can be removed or cured'. According to the Royal College of Psychiatrists, while co-occurring conditions might require treatment, 'management of autism itself is chiefly about the provision of the education, training and social support/care required to improve the person's ability to function in the everyday world'. The effectiveness of particular interventions for autism is supported by only limited data. Interventions may include social skills training, cognitive behavioral therapy, physical therapy, speech therapy, parent training, and medications for associated problems, such as mood or anxiety. Autistic characteristics tend to become less obvious in adulthood, but social and communication difficulties usually persist.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asperger_syndrome

Instruction: Given these paragraphs about Asperger syndrome, after whom it was named?
Response: The syndrome was named after the Austrian pediatrician Hans Asperger, who, in 1944, described children in his care who struggled to form friendships, did not understand others' gestures or feelings, engaged in one-sided conversations about their favourite interests, and were clumsy.
Nordic countries are the highest coffee-consuming nations when measured per capita, with consumption in Finland as the world's highest.

Finland – 26.45 lb (12.00 kg)
Norway – 21.82 lb (9.90 kg)
Iceland – 19.84 lb (9.00 kg)
Denmark – 19.18 lb (8.70 kg)
Netherlands – 18.52 lb (8.40 kg)
Sweden – 18.00 lb (8.16 kg)
Switzerland – 17.42 lb (7.90 kg)
Belgium – 15.00 lb (6.80 kg)
Luxembourg – 14.33 lb (6.50 kg)
Canada – 14.33 lb (6.50 kg)

Instruction: From the passage provided, extract the per capita coffee consumption in kg for Belgium.
Response: Belgium consumes 6.80 kg of coffee per capita.