[ca] L'estudi neix en el marc d'un procés de modernització, creixement i consolidació, i fent crítica al successos d'hostilitat ( la gentrificació, la contaminació, la capitalització i on el vehicle és el principat agent articulador de l'urbanisme i del sistema) a través del qual moltes ciutats, per exemple, Barcelona, busquen la seva pacificació i la reversió d'aquest règim. Seguint les voluntats d'aquests processos de canvis, s'ha volgut buscar un subjecte dins de la societat que caracteritzés la vulnerabilitat, dins d'aquest artifici violent, per tal de poder fer un estudi sobre quins són els elements que aporten i instauren aquest canvi, i partint de la idea d'estudiar la problemàtica, per trobar-ne una solució, des de la base. Els infants, en tant que dependents dels seus cuidadors i en procés d'aprenentatge, és a dir, amb el seu desenvolupament en procés, són el subjecte escollit. La seva vulnerabilitat parteix del fet que no tenen del tot aplicades les conductes socials, entenen i perceben l'espai d'una manera diferent i, tenen unes necessitats on les cures estan més presents. S'ha enfocat aquest treball on l'eina principal són els estudis de camp. La intenció és analitzar el comportament i desenvolupament dels infants en els diferents teixits urbans. L'estudi té per objectiu principal i genèric establir la relació entre arquitectura i espai públic i els nens i les nenes sota una mirada física i de vivència És a dir, caracteritzar, a partir de l'observació, els teixits urbans que permeten un major desenvolupament, entenent desenvolupament com a principal característica dels infants, on aprenentatge, percepció pròpia i joc tenen un paper rellevant. Per tant, aquells teixits que són més amables per al subjecte, i, sobretot, trobar quines són aquelles característiques urbanes i de disseny que els doten d'aquesta condició. Els teixits triats són l'Eixample de Barcelona, polígon d'habitatges (Montbau), teixit suburbà (el barri de Can Baró) i un centre històric (Gràcia). Les visites de camp, el recull d'accions, el dibuix d'aquestes i, la posterior classificació de les diferents activitats i comportaments dels infants dins d'aquests diferents teixits, permeten elaborar una radiografia dels límits i la dimensió i vastitud d'aquest espai públic. Aquest radiograma ens permet extreure conclusions de qualificació i quantificació d'espais i de paràmetres i necessitats que serien extrapolables, en certa manera, a la resta de teixits. L'estudi té per objectiu principal i genèric establir la relació entre arquitectura i espai públic i els nens i les nenes sota una mirada física i de vivència.

[en] The study was born in the context of the evolution of modern cities towards a hostile and dangerous space that, due to gentrification, pollution, capitalization and where the vehicle is the main articulating agent of urbanism and the system, is no longer a place of and for life. After a process of modernization, growth and consolidation, and criticizing this event, many cities, for example, Barcelona, seek its pacification and the reversion of this regime. Following the will of these processes of change, we wanted to look for a subject within society that would characterize the vulnerability, within this violent artifice, in order to make a study on what are the elements that contribute and establish this change, and starting from the idea of studying the problem, to find a solution, from the base. Children, as dependent on their caregivers and in the process of learning, that is, with their development in process, are the chosen subject. Even so, I choose children as a representation of the vulnerability to the exposure that we, the neighbors of the city, suffer to these systems, as their vulnerability comes from the fact that they do not have social behaviors fully applied, they understand and perceive the space in a different way and they have needs where cures are more present. It is evident that each subject has its own characteristics and, therefore, its needs and deficiencies, but the sensitivity that they represent, also frames the other subjects: the neighbors who, close to being expelled within the city, do not find their space within it, such as the elderly, women, people with reduced mobility, people with functional diversity or physical or mental disabilities, migrants, young people with few economic resources... In addition, the way the city, the public space and the urban environment is designed will have a direct influence on the dependence of the most vulnerable neighbors, thus denying their full capacity for emancipation and binding them even more to the dominant system. Thus, fleeing from theories, which often are not able to land and translate into our realities, this work has focused on field studies as the main tool. The intention is to analyze the behavior and development of children in different urban fabrics. In this research work, the objective is to characterize, through observation and repetition, the urban fabrics that allow a greater development, understanding development as the main characteristic of children, where learning, self-perception and play have a relevant role. Therefore, those layouts that are more friendly for the subject, and, above all, to find which are those urban and design characteristics that endow them with this condition. In order to choose the neighborhoods that will be the objects of study, it is taken into account that cities are a set of diverse fabrics and structures that converge and interact, while at the same time separating and distinguishing themselves. The first theoretical and distinctive layouts of the city of Barcelona are chosen, which represent this diversity, either by their antiquity, their history, their structure with respect to public space-private space, their urban functioning... and a representative area of these. The chosen fabrics are the Eixample of Barcelona, a housing estate (Montbau), a suburban area (Can Baró neighborhood) and a historic center (Gracia). The field visits, the compilation of actions, the drawing of these actions and the subsequent classification of the different activities and behaviors of the children within these different fabrics, allow us to elaborate an X-ray of the limits and the dimension and vastness of this public space. This radiogram allows us to draw conclusions of qualification and quantification of spaces and of parameters and needs that could be extrapolated, in a certain way, to the rest of the tissues. The main and generic objective of the study is to establish the relationship between architecture and public space and children from a physical and experiential point of view.