[en] Introduction: Insomnia is a disorder in the initiation or maintenance of sleep characterized by difficulty in falling asleep, excessive frequency of night waking or difficulty in maintaining or retaking rest. It is characterized by being one of the most common sleep disorders, as well as contributing to the deterioration of the quality of life and the increase in mortality of those who suffer from it. Primary insomnia is defined as chronic insomnia without an identifiable etiology. This course with variable symptoms ranging from attention deficits and daytime fatigue, to strong changes in mood or cognitive impairment. Numerous therapeutic alternatives have been proposed for the treatment of insomnia, including Physiotherapy, through modalities such as the use of phototherapy or participation in therapeutic exercise programs. Objectives: The objective of this work is to determine the effects of therapeutic exercise on primary insomnia in middle-aged and elderly adults. Material and methods: A bibliographic research was made between February and April 2019 in the Pubmed, Web of Sience, Scopus, PEDro and The Cochrane Plus Library databases. Articles published in the last 22 years that address the treatment of primary insomnia from active participation in therapeutic exercise programs have been included, all of then were exclusively randomized controlled clinical trials, in Spanish, English or Portuguese languages. Results: From a total of 2008 articles found in the search engines, the analysis of 11 studies has been carried out: 10 randomized controlled clinical trials and 1 pilot randomized controlled clinical trial. A total of 10 studies analysed parameters related to sleep quality self-perception and a total of 3 analysed, through electronic devices, objective parameters related to night-time rest. Conclusions: The treatment of primary insomnia in people over 55 years of age through active participation in therapeutic exercise programs produces positive effects on the self-perception of sleep quality.

[gl] Introdución: O insomnio é un trastorno na iniciación ou mantemento do sono caracterizado pola dificultade na conciliación do sono, excesiva frecuencia de despertares noturnos ou dificultade para manter ou retomar o descanso. Caracterizase por ser un dos trastornos do sono mais comuns, así como por contribuir no deterioro da calidade de vida e o aumento da mortalidade de quén o padece. O insomnio primario é definido coma insomnio crónico sen unha etioloxía identificable. Este cursa con sintomatoloxía variable que abarca dende déficits na atención e fatiga diurna, a fortes cambios no humor ou deterioro cognitivo. Propoñeronse numerosas alternativas terapéuticas para o tratamento do insomnio, entre elas a Fisioterapia, mediante modalidades como o emprego de fototerapia ou a participación en programas de exercicio terapéutico. Obxectivos: O obxectivo deste traballo é determinar os efectos do exercicio terapéutico sobre o insomnio primario en adultos de mediana e avanzada idade. Material e métodos: realizouse unha busca bibliográfica entre febreiro e abril de 2019 nas bases de datos Pubmed, Web of Sience, Scopus, PEDro e The Cochrane Plus Library. Incluíronse artigos publicados nos últimos 22 anos, en español, inglés ou portugués, que tratan o tratamento do insomnio primario desde a participación activa en programas de exercicios terapéuticos, seleccionando exclusivamente ensaios clínicos controlados e aleatorizados. Resultados: Dun total de 2008 artigos atopados nos buscadores, realizouse a análise de 11 estudos: 10 ensaios clínicos controlados e aleatorizados e 1 ensaio clínico controlado e aleatorizado. Un total de 10 estudos analizaron parámetros relacionados coa autopercepción da calidade do sono e un total de 3 analizaron, a través de dispositivos electrónicos, parámetros obxectivos relacionados co descanso nocturno. Conclusións: O tratamento do insomnio primario en persoas maiores de 55 anos mediante a participación activa en programas de exercicio terapéutico produce efectos positivos na autopercepción da calidade do sono.