BSC-LT/ACAData huggingface dataset:
[en] Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have generated significant interest in the field of nanomedicine. These vesicles are composed of a lipid bilayer that encapsulates various biomolecules such as lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, including microRNAs (miRNAs), facilitating their transport both locally and over long distances, enabling the transfer of their contents between cells. MiRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression posttranscriptionally by binding to target mRNA sequences, leading to mRNA degradation or inhibition of translation. The miRNA miR-30a-5p plays an important role in several pathophysiological processes associated with inflammation by regulating the expression of various target genes. In the current context of developing new therapies, there is a growing interest in formulating sEVs capable of delivering and releasing miRNAs to modulate cellular gene expression and alleviate inflammatory effects. This study focused on the development of sEVs loaded with miR-30a-5p, comparing different internalization methods such as sonication, electroporation, and the commercial reagent Exo-Fect. The results obtained indicate efficient miRNA loading using these methods, establishing that an active nanoplatform has been formulated for its potential use in novel anti-inflammatory therapies.

[gl] As pequenas vesículas extracelulares (sEVs) procedentes de células nai mesenquimais (MSCs) de cordón umbilical (hUC) xeraron un gran interese no campo da nanomedicina. Estas vesículas están compostas por unha bicapa lipídica que encapsula diversas biomoléculas, como lípidos, proteínas e ácidos nucleicos, como os microARNs (miARNs), facilitando o seu transporte tanto localmente como a longas distancias, permitindo a transferencia do seu contido entre células. Os miARNs son pequenas moléculas de ARN non codificante que regulan a expresión xénica a nivel post-transcricional ao unirse a secuencias do ARNm obxectivo, que conduce á degradación do ARNm ou á inhibición da súa tradución. O miARN miR-30a-5p desempeña un papel importante en varios procesos fisiopatolóxicos asociados coa inflamación mediante a regulación da expresión de diversos xenes diana. No contexto actual de desenvolvemento de novas terapias, xorde a formulación das sEVs capaces de transportar e liberar miARNs para modular a expresión xénica celular e mitigar os efectos da inflamación. Este traballo centrouse no desenvolvemento de sEVs cargadas con miR-30a-5p, comparando diferentes metodoloxías de internalización como a sonicación, a electroporación e o reactivo comercial Exo-Fect. Os resultados obtidos indican unha carga eficiente do miARN ao empregar tales métodos, establecendo que se conseguiu formular unha nanoplataforma activa para o seu potencial uso en novas terapias antiinflamatorias.
[en] The present research is based on Vinner's (1991) theoretical model that introduces the term conceptual image in reference to the mental representations and properties associated with a given geometric concept and states that, for geometric learning to take place, it is essential that the conceptual image of a concept is complete and correct. In view of this, a teaching experiment was carried out to analyse the influence of a didactic sequence of eleven activities designed in the dynamic geometry software GeoGebra on the development of the conceptual image of the triangle in Primary School students. The results obtained show that the integration of this sequence has encouraged the visualisation of non-stereotyped triangles and has facilitated the exploration of their invariant attributes, so that the range of examples that make up the conceptual image has been extended. It has also been found that, from this correct conceptual image, an analytical judgement of triangle identification based on critical attributes is made, avoiding the prototypical phenomenon. Furthermore, it has been confirmed that the manipulation of triangles in GeoGebra has facilitated the understanding of hierarchical classification.

[gl] A presente investigación baséase no modelo teórico de Vinner (1991) que introduce o termo imaxe conceptual en referencia ás representacións mentais e ás propiedades asociadas a un determinado concepto xeométrico e afirma que, para que se produza a aprendizaxe xeométrica, resulta fundamental que a imaxe conceptual dun concepto sexa completa e correcta. En vista diso, levouse a cabo un experimento de ensino para analizar a influencia dunha secuencia didáctica de once actividades deseñadas no software de xeometría dinámica GeoGebra no desenvolvemento da imaxe conceptual do triángulo no alumnado de Educación Primaria. Cos resultados obtidos comprobouse que a integración desta secuencia fomentou a visualización de triángulos non estereotipados e facilitou a exploración dos seus atributos invariantes, de forma que se ampliou o rango de exemplos que conforman a imaxe conceptual. Así mesmo, constatouse que, a partir desta imaxe conceptual correcta, realízase un xuízo analítico de identificación de triángulos baseado en atributos críticos evitando o fenómeno prototípico. Ademais, confirmouse que a manipulación de triángulos en GeoGebra facilitou a comprensión da clasificación xerárquica.
[en] Introduction: One of the factors that stop the evolution and performance of an elite athlete are injuries; the most common are located in the plantar fascia or Achilles tendon. Morphological and functional factors, a great load of training, intensity, rhythms, volume of kilometres, incorrect recovery times or poor control over the dynamic variables of the race (TC, OV, LZ, ETCS y and cadence) are the main causes of this type of injury. One of the options proposed by healthcare professionals to prevent and deal with this type of injury are plantar orthoses. How does the use of plantar orthoses influence the dynamic variables involved in the race? Do plantar orthoses help to improve running technique or performance in an athlete? Objectives: The purpose of this project is to determine the relationship between the dynamic variables involved in the race (TC, OV, LZ, ETCS and cadence) and the intrinsic factors (morphological and functional) and extrinsic factors (use of custom-made plantar orthoses and footwear) of the federated runner. The aim of this study is to contribute to an improvement in the treatments designed for runners, applying a more individualised set of preventive measures adapted to the morphological and technical characteristics of each runner. Methodology: With a sample of 29 runners, a quasi-experimental longitudinal study, pre-test post test type and intra-subject, we will observe the relationship of dynamic variables and intrinsic factors with the use of plantar orthoses and without plantar orthoses.

[gl] Introdución: Un dos factores que frean a evolución e o rendemento dun atleta de elite son as lesións; as máis habituais están localizadas na fascia plantar ou tendón a de Aquiles. Factores morfolóxicos, funcionais, unha gran carga de adestramentos, intensidade, ritmos, volume de quilómetros, mala planificación nos tempos de recuperación ou un mal control sobre as variables dinámicas da carreira ( TC, OV, LZ, ETCS e cadencia) son as principais causas deste tipo de lesións. Unha das opcións que expoñen os profesionais sanitarios, para previr e abordar este tipo de lesións, son as ortesis plantares. Como inflúe o uso das ortesis plantares nas variables dinámicas que interveñen na carreira?,Axudan as ortesis plantares a mellorar a técnica de carreira ou o rendemento nun atleta? Obxectivos: Propósito deste proxecto é determinar a relación entre as variables dinámicas que interveñen na carreira ( TC, OV, LZ, ETCS e cadencia) e os factores intrínsecos (morfolóxicos e funcionais) e extrínsecos (uso de ortesis plantar a medida e calzado) do corredor federado. Con este estudo quérese contribuír a unha mellora nos tratamentos deseñados para corredores, aplicando un conxunto de medidas preventivas máis individualizadas e adaptadas ás características morfolóxicas e técnicas de cada corredor. Metodoloxía: Cunha mostra de 29 corredores, realizarase un estudo case-experimental lonxitudinal, tipo pre test-post test e intra-suxeito; observaremos a relación das variable dinámicas e factores intrínsecos co uso de ortesis plantares e sen ortesis plantares.
[en] Obesity is a disease characterized by an increase in body fat which is associated with the progression of various chronic diseases such as Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM2). Its management is very complex and despite of the existence of various treatments, bariatric surgery is the only one that presents high success rates, both reducing excess body fat, and associated comorbidities such as DM2, which can be corrected even before significant weight loss occurs. The mechanisms leading to this improvement are still unclear, but the involvement of different fibroblast growth factors (FGF), including FGF21, has been suggested. The main goal of this essay was analyse the levels of gene expression by RT-qPCR of FGF21 and its receptors (FGFR1 and KLB) in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) of morbidly obese patients before and after weight loss induced by bariatric surgery. Moreover, the expression levels of FGF21 and its receptors were also compared between subcutaneous and visceral adipose deposits during obesity. Our results show that FGF21 expression decreases in SAT after weight loss induced by bariatric surgery, KLB expression levels increases and there are no differences for FGFR1. During obesity, FGF21 expression is higher in SAT than in VAT, the expression of its receptors being similar in both adipose tissue depots. In conclusion, the data obtained suggests that after bariatric surgery resistance to FGF21 improves in obese patients and this improvement could be due to an increase in KLB expression levels.

[gl] A obesidade é unha enfermidade caracterizada por un aumento da graxa corporal asociada a progresión de diversas enfermidades crónicas como o diabetes mellitus do tipo 2 (DM2). O seu manexo é moi complexo e a pesar de existir varios tratamentos, a cirurxía bariátrica é a única que presenta altas taxas de éxito, tanto reducindo o exceso de graxa corporal, como as comorbilidades asociadas como DM2, que se pode corrixir incluso antes de que se produza unha perda de peso importante. Os mecanismos que conducen a esta mellora aínda non están claros, pero suxeriuse a implicación de diferentes factores de crecemento de fibroblastos (FGF), entre eles o FGF21. O obxectivo principal deste traballo foi analizar os niveis de expresión xénica mediante RT-qPCR de FGF21 e os seus receptores (FGFR1 e KLB) en tecido adiposo subcutáneo (TAS) de pacientes con obesidade mórbida antes e despois da perda de peso inducida por cirurxía bariátrica. Ademais, comparáronse os niveis de expresión tanto de FGF21 como dos seus receptores entre depósitos adiposos subcutáneos e viscerais durante a obesidade. Os nosos resultados mostran que a expresión FGF21 diminúe no TAS despois da perda de peso inducida pola cirurxía bariátrica, mentres que os niveis de KLB aumentan e non hai diferenzas para FGFR1. Durante a obesidade, a expresión FGF21 é maior no TAS que no TAV, sendo a expresión dos seus receptores semellantes en ambos os depósitos graxos. En conclusión, os datos obtidos apuntan a que tras a cirurxía bariátrica mellora a resistencia a FGF21 que presentan os pacientes obesos; mellora que podería deberse a un aumento en KLB.
[en] Health´s perception in young students.This study was born out of concern about young people´s health. The high inactivity and the costs of medical tests that study the field of health have as a result the use of health´s perception as an alternative and reliable indicator of real health. Thus, this study aims to know the relationship between the aforementioned health´s perception and many influential issues in young people´s everyday lives, such as their daily habits, their perception of physical self-concept and their opinion on physical education. The population that has been targeted in this research was composed young students of 1°, 2° and 3° of Educación Secundaria Obligatoria in the region of Galicia. For the selection of schools, the "Proyecto Deportivo de Centro" was the common element to be taken into account. Moreover, the "Cuestionario Internacional sobre Estilos de Vida de los Alumnos" (Marques, 2010) was the instrument used to accomplish this goal.

[gl] A percepción da saúde dos xóvenes escolares Este estudo nace da preocupación pola saúde dos xóvenes. A elevada inactividade física e o alto coste das probas médicas que tratan de coñecer a saúde dan lugar ó emprego da percepción da saúde como un indicador alterno e confiable da saúde real. Así, este estudo busca coñecer a relación entre a percepción da saúde e diversas cuestións influentes no día a día dos xóvenes, como son seus hábitos de vida, percepción do autoconcepto físico e opinión da educación física. A poboación na que se centra este estudio son escolares de 1°, 2° y 3° de Educación Secundara Obrigatoria da Comunidade Autónoma de Galicia. Para a selección dos centros tívose en conta que tiveran un elemento común, un Proxecto Deportivo de Centro Emprégase o Cuestionario Internacional sobre Estilos de Vida de los Alumnos (Marques, 2010) como instrumento.
[en] The Zeigarnik effect proposed by Bluma Zeigarnik is a psychological phenomenon that refers to the tendency people have to remember incomplete tasks. This method produces changes in consumer behavior, thus being widely used by marketers, who seek to encourage consumers through cross-selling and tools such as clickbait, autoplay.... Through examples of companies that make use of the Zeigarnik effect, we will be able to observe the great implication that this method has on consumer behavior and brand loyalty. Thus, the collected studies show us that leaving a feeling of unfinished action in the consumer causes an impulse in people who seek to reach completion.

[gl] O efecto Zeigarnik proposto por Bluma Zeigarnik é un fenómeno psicolóxico que fai referencia a tendencia que teñen as persoas por lembrar as tarefas incompletas. Este método produce cambios no comportamento do consumidor, sendo así moi empregado polos mercadólogos, que buscan alentar ao consumidor a través da venta cruzada e ferramentas como o clickbait, auto-play.... Mediante exemplos de empresas que fan emprego do efecto Zeigarnik poderemos observar a gran implicación que este método supón no comportamento do consumidor e na fidelidade a marca. Así pois, os estudos recompilados amósannos que deixar unha sensación de acción inacabada no consumidor provoca un impulso nas persoas que buscan alcanzar a finalización.
[en] Objective The objective of this systematic review is to analyze, between the application of phenol and sodium hydroxide (NaOH), which of these techniques is the most effective and efficient in the surgical treatment of onicocriptosis. Methodology A bibliographic search was conducted in the main databases of systematic reviews (PubMED, Scopus and Cochrane Library), including references published between 2004 and 2017. The variables to be taken into account have been the following: recurrence, success, pain, drainage, perilesional tissue damage and period of healing. Results After the bibliographic search, a total of 9 articles were included in order to answer the study question. Conclusion The application of phenol and NaOH are effective methods in the surgical treatment of onicocriptosis, with high success rates. Despite this, the technique of choice is phenol, since despite a longer healing period as well as greater drainage and damage of the perilesional tissue, both the intensity and duration of pain is less than in the case of NaOH.

[gl] Obxectivo O obxectivo da presente revisión sistemática é analizar, entre a aplicación de fenol e hidróxido sódico (NaOH), cal destas técnicas é a mais eficaz i eficiente no tratamento cirúrxico da onicocriptose. Metodoloxía Realizouse unha búsqueda bibliográfica nas principais bases de datos de revisións sistemáticas (PubMED, Scopus e Biblioteca Cochrane), incluíndo aquelas referencias publicadas entre os anos 2004 e 2017. As variables a ter en conta foron as seguintes: recurrencia, éxito, dor, drenaxe, dano do texido perilesional e periodo de cicatrización. Resultados Trala búsqueda bibliográfica incluíronse un total de 9 artículos co obxectivo de responder á pregunta de estudo. Conclusión Tanto a aplicación de fenol como de NaOH son métodos eficaces no tratamento cirúrxico da onicocriptose, con altas tasas de éxito. A pesar disto, a técnica de elección é a do fenol, pois a pesar de ter un periodo de cicatrización máis prolongado así coma unha maior drenaxe e dano do texido perilesional, tanto a intensidade como a duración da dor é menor que no caso do NaOH.
[en] TBT (tributyltin) is an organotin compound that for decades was used as a biocide agent in antifouling paints for ships. Since the 1980s, certain detrimental effects on non-target marine biota of the compound began to be perceived. One of the best known effects is imposex, which affects hundreds of species of marine gastropods and consists in the imposition of male sexual characteristics on females, leading to sterility of the individual and lack of population recruitment. The sale, use and distribution of this kind of paints were banned at European level in 2003 and at global level in 2008 by the International Maritime Organization (IMO). This review analyzes the different biomonitoring studies on the gastropod Nucella lapillus (L.) in several European countries to analyze the effectiveness of these bans. In each study, the sequence of the vas deferens (VDSI) is analyzed by elaborating box-and-whisker plots to compare their evolution. After this study, it is concluded that the European trend points to a general recovery in all the countries concerned. However, it is necessary to continue the studies since no country (except Norway) has fully recovered, paying special attention to possible new contributions of these pollutants.

[gl] O TBT (tributilo de estaño) é un composto organoestánnico que durante décadas se usou como axente biocida nas pinturas antincrustantes de navíos. A partir dos anos 80 empezáronse a percibir certos efectos prexudiciais na biota mariña non obxectivo do composto. Un dos efectos máis coñecidos é o imposex que afecta a centos de especies de gasterópodos mariños e consiste na imposición sobre as femias de características sexuais masculinas, o que leva á esterilidade do individuo e á falta de reclutamento poblacional. A venda, uso e distribución desta clase de pinturas foron prohibidas a nivel europeo en 2003 e a nivel global en 2008 pola organización marítima internacional (IMO). Nesta revisión analízanse os distintos estudos de biomonitorización sobre o gasterópodo Nucella lapillus (L.) en varios países europeos para analizar a efectividade das devanditas prohibicións. Analízase en cada estudo a secuencia do vaso deferente (VDSI) elaborando gráficos de caixas e bigotes para comparar a súa evolución. Tras este estudo conclúese que a tendencia europea apunta a unha recuperación xeral en todos os países afectados. Con todo, é necesario continuar os estudos xa que ningún país (excepto Noruega) se recuperou totalmente, prestando especial atención ás posibles novas achegas que poidan haber destes contaminantes.
[en] The biological control agent (BCA) Penicillium rubens (formerly Penicillium oxalicum) strain 212 (PO212) was employed as inducer of resistance in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) against the vascular pathogen Verticillium dahliae Kleb. PO212 protected pepper plants against V. dahliae. The observed induced resistance in pepper involves cell wall reinforcement with an increase in lignin as well as other defenses as PR proteins. Signaling of the defense response triggered in pepper or tomato by PO212 is mediated by hydrogen peroxide, salicylic acid, ethylene and jasmonic acid. Induced resistance is one of the mechanisms by which PO212 protects pepper against V. dahliae. The combination of PO212 with the fungal BCAs known as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can improve biological control effectiveness. Soil suppressiveness to V. dahliae and the oomycete Phytophthora capsici in pepper greenhouses appears to be related with AMF community.

[gl] O axente de control biolóxico (ACB) Penicillium rubens (antes Penicillium oxalicum) illado 212 (PO212) foi empregado como inductor de resistencia en pemento (Capsicum annuum L.) contra o patóxeno vascular Verticillium dahliae Kleb. Demostrouse que PO212 protexe as plantas de pemento contra V. dahliae. A resistencia inducida observada en pemento implicou o reforzamento da parede celular cun aumento en lignina e o incremento de varias defensas de tipo bioquímico como as proteínas PR. A sinalización da resposta de defensa desencadeada por PO212 en pemento ou tomate parece estar mediada por peróxido de hidróxeno, ácido salicílico, etileno e ácido jasmónico. A resistencia inducida é un dos mecanismos polos cales PO212 exerce a sua protección en pemento contra V. dahliae. A combinación de PO212 cos ACBs fúnxicos conocidos como fungos micorrícicos arbusculares (FMA) pode mellorar a efectividade do control biolóxico. A supresividade do solo a V. dahliae e ao oomiceto Phytophthora capsici en invernadeiros de pemento parece estar relacionada coa comunidade de FMA.
[en] The present work is a reflection about the relation between architecture and photography, and it begins with the purpose of approaching the comprehension of this link. This arises because of the conception of both subject as complementaries, and somehow, dependent. Architecture occupied and occupies a notable place in the photographic subjects, as well as it relies on photography in its exercise and for its dissemination. To study this link, we will focus in the city of A Coruña, keeping in mind the influence of the Galician, Spanish and internacional context. An evolution of the photographic representation of the architecture will be drawn during different historical periods, in order to deduce the essential features of the way of seeing the spaces at each time.

[gl] O presente traballo é unha reflexión sobre a relación entre arquitectura e a fotografía, e nace co propósito de aproximarse á comprensión deste vínculo. Xorde da concepción de ambos temas como complementarios, e dalgún xeito dependentes. A arquitectura ocupou e ocupa un lugar notable nas temáticas fotográficas, así como se apoia na fotografía no seu exercicio e para a súa difusión. Para estudar este vínculo, centrarémonos na cidade da Coruña, tendo en conta a influencia do ámbito galego, español e o contexto internacional. Trazarase unha evolución da representación fotográfica da arquitectura durante distintos períodos históricos, co propósito de deducir rasgos esenciais da maneira de ver os espazos en cada momento.