[en] Energy demand is constantly increasing, affecting both resources and the emission of pollutant gases. This concern for energy saving has led to the development of different techniques for the maintenance of thermal installations in buildings, with the aim of guaranteeing the proper functioning of equipment and systems. Thermoeconomics combines thermodynamic analysis with economic analysis, thus calculating the cost of the resources used, the investment in the equipment and the operating and maintenance costs. In order to locate the losses in energy use, a thermo-economic diagnosis is carried out, which discovers the abnormal operation of the equipment and quantifies them. Although thermo-economic analyses are becoming more and more frequent, they are not yet fully recurrent methods, let alone thermo-economics for diagnostic and preventive maintenance purposes in the field of residential installations. This work designs and experimentally tests an installation in a building located in Burgos at the Building Quality Control Laboratory of the Basque Government. The installation consists of an aerothermal heat pump with an auxiliary gas boiler to supply the heating demand for two weeks in winter. The control has been designed following the guidelines defined in the laboratory. After data collection and the corresponding energy and exergy analyses, the results have been analysed by means of thermoeconomics, in order to have a more in-depth study focused on irreversibilities. Thus, by means of the thermo-economic analysis, the costs associated with each point of the system and the equipment of the installation have been calculated. The results show that the installation could dispense with the boiler and work exclusively with the heat pump with hardly any sacrifice in indoor thermal comfort, saving 3% in 12 days. It is also calculated that the heating cost due to fuel consumption alone is 195.27 €/ (12 days) and the cost considering the purchase, operation and maintenance of the equipment is 244.02 €/ (12 days).

[eu] Energia-eskaria etengabe handitzen da, eta eragina du bai baliabideetan, bai gas kutsatzaileen isurketa. Energia aurrezteko kezka horren ondorioz, eraikinetako instalazio termikoak mantentzeko hainbat teknika garatu dira, ekipoen eta sistemen funtzionamendu egokia bermatzeko. Termoekonomiaren bidez, analisi termodinamikoa eta ekonomikoa konbinatzen dira, eta, horrela, erabilitako baliabideen kostua, ekipoetan egindako inbertsioa eta eragiketa- eta mantentze- kostuak kalkulatzen dira. Energiaren erabilgarritasunaren galerak aurkitzeko diagnostiko termoekonomiko bat egiten da, ekipoen funtzionamendu anormala aurkitu eta kuantifikatzen dituena. Analisi termoekonomikoak gero eta ohikoagoak diren arren, oraindik ez dira erabat errepikatutako metodoak, are gutxiago etxebizitza-instalazioen eremuan diagnostiko eta mantentze prebentiboa egiteko termoekonomia. Lan honek esperimentalki diseinatzen eta entseatzen du eraikin baten instalazio bat Burgosen, Eusko Jaurlaritzaren Eraikuntzaren Kalitatea Kontrolatzeko Laborategian. Instalazioak bero-ponpa aerotermiko bat du, gas-galdara osagarri batekin neguko bi astetan berokuntza-eskaria hornitzeko. Kontrola laborategian zehaztutako jarraibideen arabera diseinatu da. Datuak bildu eta dagozkien analisi energetiko eta exergetikoak egin ondoren, emaitzak termoekonomiaren bidez aztertu dira, atzeraezintasunetan oinarritutako azterketa sakonagoa izan ahal izateko. Hala, analisi termoekonomikoaren bidez, instalazioaren sistemako eta tresneriako puntu bakoitzari lotutako kostuak kalkulatu dira. Emaitzek erakusten dutenez, instalazioak galdara bazter dezake eta bero-ponparekin bakarrik lan egin dezake, barruko erosotasun termikoa ia sakrifikatu gabe, 12 egunetan %3 aurreztuz. Era berean, kalkulatzen da berokuntzaren kostua, erregaiaren kontsumoagatik soilik, 195,27€/ (12egun) dela, eta ekipamenduen erosketa, eragiketa eta mantentzea kontuan hartuta kostua 244,02€/ (12egun) dela.