BSC-LT/ACAData huggingface dataset:
[en] P. Bourdieu defines habitus as a universal grammar, as a system of assimilated dispositions related to perceptions, thoughts, discourses, acts and practices. Urretabizkaia and Sarrionandia are part of The Field of Translated Basque Literature. Therefore, both of them have a specific habitus that should be understood linked to the socio-economical, political and cultural field in which The Field of Translated Basque Literature is located. In this paper, I will focus on Urretabizkaia's and Sarrionandia's translation-habitus: I will discuss their translation habits, their attitudes towards translation, their links to translation, their translation experiences, their contribution to Basque translation and the trace translation has printed on them. For that purpose, I will get back to a questionnaire they answered in 2013, and I will comment and compare their answers to the questions about their language acquisition, their involvement with translation, their experiences with translation, their thoughts about Basque translation and their use of translation or translators in their fictional works.

[eu] P. Bourdieuren arabera, gramatika unibertsal moduko bat da habitusa, barneratutako jarrera-sistema bat, zerikusia duena norberaren pertzepzioekin, pentsamenduekin, diskurtsoarekin, ekintzekin eta praktikekin. Euskal literatura itzuliaren eremuko parte dira Urretabizkaia eta Sarrionandia, eta, hortaz, habitus jakin bat dute, eremu sozioekonomiko, politiko eta kultural jakin bati lotutakoa. Bi idazleen itzulpen-habitusaz ariko gara hemen; alegia, bi idazleen itzulpen-ohiturez eta jarrerez, itzulpenarekin duten loturez, euskal itzulpengintzari egindako ekarpenez eta itzulpenak eurengan utzitako lorratzaz. Euren hizkuntzen ikasketa-prozesuaz, itzulpenarekin izandako loturaz, itzulpen-esperientziez, euskal itzulpengintzari buruzko iritziaz eta itzulpena fikzioan baliatu izanaz galdetu genien 2013an, eta orduan egindako galderen erantzunak jaso, azaldu eta elkarrekin erkatu ditugu artikulu honetan.
[en] The following End of Grade Project presents the energy efficiency study of the apartment where I live in the Abando neighborhood of Bilbao, focusing on the possible advances to improve its sustainability. The first efficiency study of the current situation of the apartment resulted on a G grade, the worst possible. Consequently, possible improvements have been simulated (from the necessary ones to the least likely to implement) in order to reach the highest possible rating, where both feasibility and amortization period have been evaluated.

[eu] Graduko Azken Lan honek, Bilboko Abando auzoan kokatutako bizi naizen etxebizitzaren azterketa aurkeztu egiten du. Horretarako, energia-eraginkortasunean oinarritzen da. Etxebizitzaren hasierako azterketa batean (non emaitzak G bat izan duen, txarrena sailkapen honetan), egoera hobetzeko simulazio batzuk egin dira, beharrezkoetatik probabilitate gutxiagoetatik pasata edo ezinezkoak ezartzera arte, kalifikazio hoberena lortu arte. Ondorioz, bideragarritasun azteketa eta amortizazio epea ere aztertu eta aurkeztu egin dira.
[en] This project aims to define what is meant by almost zero consumption building , applying in this case to Osakidetza health buildings . The study is done on an existing hospital, Txagorritxu , located in Vitoria- Gasteiz. The need of setting up renewable energies arises from the Kyoto protocol, in which a series of measures are established and the different countries must achieve them , followed by the objectives established for the 20/20/20 . The objective of these measures is to drive energy efficiency , getting a reduction of energy consumption and CO2 emissions . The specific case of study about Txagorritxu hospital will consist of the implementation of eolic energy as an auxiliary system to generate electric energy and using the cogeneration that is installed. Previously it will be analyzed different alternatives and its possible benefits for the building.

[eu] Proiektu honek kontsumo baxua edo ia nulua duen eraikina difinitzea du helburu, Osakidetzako osasun-eraikina hain zuzen. Kasu honetan, jada existitzen den ospitale baten inguruan arituko da ikerketa: Gasteizko Txagorritxuospitalea. Energi berriztagarriak ezartzearen beharrak Kioto protokoloarekin bat dator, non, 20/20/20-rako ezarritako helburuak jarraituz, zenbait herrialdek bete beharreko neurriak azaltzen diren. Neurri horiek energia-eraginkortasuna sustatzea dute helburu, CO2 igorpenak zein kontsumo energikoa murrituz. Ikerketa hau, Txagorritxu ospitalearena hain zuzen, energia elektrikoaren sorkuntzan lagungarri izango den energia eolikoa ezartzean oinarrituko da dagoeneko instalatuta dagoen kongenerazioa erabilita; aldez aurretik, eraikinerako bideragarriak diren aukerak eta onurak aztertuz.
[en] The aim of this study is to conduct an analysis of the sanctions imposed by the General Statute of the Legal Profession in the event of a violation of professional secrecy between lawyers. For this purpose, a legal methodology is employed, based on the Spanish legislation and contrasted with jurisprudence and doctrine. Through the analysis, the intention is to provide a critical assessment to draw conclusions and offer relevant proposals.

[eu] Lan honen helburua Abokatutzaren Estatutu Orokorrak abokatuen arteko sekretu profesionalaren urraketa ematen denean, ezartzen dituen zigorrei buruzko hausnarketa egitea izango da. Horretarako, metodologia juridikoa erabili da, Espainiako Estatuko araudia oinarri hartuz, eta jurisprudentzia eta doktrinarekin kontrastatuz. Hala, hauen analisi bat gauzatu da, gerora bertatik zenbait ondorio eta proposamen ateratzeko.
[en] The aim of this project has been to deeply analyse the methodologies that are currently being applied at music schools with regard to the teaching of Basque musical instruments, thus having the chance to move them onto a more formal field. In order to achieve this aim, I have analysed the current situation of the Basque instruments played in Bizkaia. This research has been based on qualitative-like interviews, by using the ethnographic and auto-ethnographic methods. With respect to the results, I would highlight the lack of presence of the aforementioned instruments in formal education fields, and likewise, the teachers' lack of training. Nonetheless, thanks to music schools, there are now ample opportunities for anybody to play any traditional Basque instrument and enjoy the popular music that they bring

[eu] Lan honen xedea euskal musika-tresnen irakaskuntzan, batez ere musika eskoletan lantzen diren metodoak aztertzea izan da, gero eremu formalera eramateko. Horretarako, Bizkaian euskal musika-tresna herrikoien egoera zein den ezagutu eta aztertzen da. Ikerketa honen oinarria, egindako elkarrizketa kualitatiboak izan dira. Bertan, metodo etnografikoa eta autoetnografikoa erabiliak izan dira. Emaitzei erreparatuz, hezkuntza formalean euskal musika-instrumentuen presentzia nahiko eskasa da. Nahiz eta irakasleen formakuntzan ere gabeziak egon, musika eskolei esker, euskal musika-instrumentuak jotzen ikasteko eta musika herrikoiaz gozatzeko aukera zabala dago.
[en] The project consists on the supply of electrical and thermal energy, using renewable energy equipment, for a residential area of 300 homes located in Madrid. The objective of this project would be completed by 3 different energies: solar thermal, cogeneration and minieolic. With minieolic and cogeneration electrical energy will be obtained, and the thermal energy will be obtained with solar thermal and the part of cogeneration destinated to heat. Finally, an economic analysis of the project will be made to verify Its viability.

[eu] Lan honen helburu nagusia Madrilen dagoen 300 biztanle dituen urbanizazio baten ornikuntza termiko eta elektrikoa egitea da horrerarako energia berriztagarriak erabiliko dira. Proiektu hau aurrera eramateko 3 energia mota ezberdin erabiliko dira: eguzki termikoa, kogenerazioa eta minieolikoa. Minieolikoa eta Kogenerazioaren bidez energi elektrikoa eskuratuko da, bestetik energia termikoa eguzki termikoa eta berora bideratutako kogenerazioarekin lortuko da. Lanari amaiera emateko analisi ekonomikoa egingo da proiektua bideragarria denentz egiaztatzeko.
[en] The sizing of a sustainable hybrid electric power plant is analyzed. It has two subsystems: one wind turbine, which produce all the power, and Hydrogen storage system. They supply a predetermined quantity of energy constantly to a factory. For this purpose, Excel sheets-based software is developed, this one makes in easy and intuitive way all the calculations for this system or another one with similar features. For this process great amounts of information about renewable energy and fuel cells are compiled.

[eu] Analisi honek jasangarria den sistema elektriko hibrido baten produkzioaren dimentsioa aztertuko du. Bi azpi sistematan egituraturik dago: haize-sorgailu bat, non energia guztia emango den, eta Hidrogenoa biltzen duen sistema bat. Biek, era jarraian, energia kantitate bat hornituko diote fabrika bati. Excel orrien bitartez, software bat garatuko da sistema honen edota antzerako baten kalkulu guztiak egingo dituenak era konplexu eta intuitibo batean. Prosezu hau burutu al izateko fuel cell-ari loturik daudena energia jasangarriaren eta teknologiaren inguruko hainbat informazio bilduko da.
[en] Prostitution is a highly controversial phenomenon that for centuries has been part of the social, political and judicial debate in history. Currently, some European Union states have implemented policies that have allowed its regularisation, so that in countries such as the Netherlands prostitution is considered a legal profession, while Sweden is in favour of its illegalisation. However, the debate on the legalisation of prostitution continues in countries such as Spain, where the question remains as to whether it is possible to consider this phenomenon as a source of income, granting labour rights to sex workers. The analysis of the negative consequences that are part of prostitution, together with the possible arguments for and against the legalisation of prostitution, will allow us to make a decision on the matter.

[eu] Prostituzioa oso fenomeno eztabaidagarria da, mendeetan zehar historiaren eztabaida sozial, politiko eta judizialaren parte izan dena. Gaur egun, Europar Batasuneko estatu batzuek erregularizazioa ahalbidetu duten politikak ezarri dituzte, eta, beraz, Holandan, esaterako, prostituzioa legezko ogibidetzat hartzen da; Suediak, berriz, legez kanpo uztearen alde egiten du. Hala ere, prostituzioa legeztatzeari buruzko eztabaidak aurrera jarraitzen du zenbait herrialdetan, hala nola Espainian, non zalantzan jartzen da, sexu-langileei lan-eskubideak emanez, posible ote den fenomeno hori diru-iturritzat hartzea. Prostituzioa osatzen duten ondorio negatiboen azterketak eta ariketa hori legeztatzearen aldeko eta kontrako balizko argudioek aukera emango digute horri buruzko erabaki bat hartzeko.
[en] PISA reports that Spain performs below other OECD countries in reading comprehension. That is why the objective of this research was to verify if students' poor reading skills are influenced by the lack of use of reading comprehension strategies. In answer to this hypothesis pupils performed, first, a reading comprehension test and, afterwards, a test to measure the readers' awareness level. Results show that only half of students normally use reading strategies and that their use favours reading comprehension.

[eu] PISA txostenak, ELGAko herrialdeekin erkatuz, azken postuetan kokatzen du Espainia irakurmen arloan. Gertaera honek, ikasleen irakurmen maila baxuak, irakurketa estrategia baliatze faltarekin erlazioa ote duen egiaztatzeko beharra sortu zuen. Hipotesi honi erantzuna emateko, eskola-umeek irakurmen froga eta, ostean, irakurketa kontzientzia maila neurtzen duen proba burutu zuten. Emaitzek adierazten duten moduan, bakarrik ikasleriaren erdiak irakurketa estrategiak erabiltzen ditu eta bere erabilerak ulermen prozesuan mesede egiten du.
[en] This project is about the development of a software that calculates the stress and deformation situation for any point of a solid. Nowadays the solutions for these problems are made by hand, which creates a loss of time and an uncertainty about the final results due to possible mistakes during the process. The software proposed is going to be developed using Matlab and the formulas used are going to be based on the basic theories of Material's Resistance and Elasticity[1],[2]. Once the user inserts the data, the programme will make available all the stress and strain information about a specific point of a solid: main stresses, Mohr's circles, stress matrix invariants, longitudinal unitary deformations, and so on. In this way, getting all the interesting information will be possible just in a click by this software, in an economic and reliable way.

[eu] Lan honetan edozein solidoko puntu baten tentsioa eta deformazioa kalkulatzeko programa informatiko baten garapena aurkeztuko da. Gaur egun problema hauen kalkuluak eskuz egiten dira, denbora galerak eta egindako eragiketetan sortu litezkeen erroreengatik ziurgabetasunak sortuz. Proposatutako programa Matlab softwarea erabiliz garatuko da eta programatutako formulak Materialen Erresistentzia eta Elastikotasunaren oinarrizko teorian[1],[2] oinarrituko dira. Programak, erabiltzaileak datuak sartu ostean, solidoaren puntu konkretuan izango den tentsio eta deformazio egoerari buruzko informazio guztia eskuragarri izatea ahalbidetuko du: tentsio nagusiak, Mohr-en zirkuluak, tentsio matrizearen inbarianteak, luzapen deformazio unitarioak, etab. Horrela, programa bakar baten bitartez, interesgarria den informazio guztia klik batean izango dugu, era merke eta fidagarri batean.
[en] Although it has not always been adequately analysed or given the credit it deserves, Kalendrera — calendar of religious festivals — (La Rochelle, 1571) by Joanes Leizarraga is one of the most unique treasures inspired by 16th century Christian reformist ideas. The text is brief, simple and at least on the surface, easy to understand. Its uniqueness cannot conceal the wealth it conveys in every aspect. The purpose of this article is to discuss the major issues presented in the book, i.e. the ideological and religious perspective and cultural values, although first we try to explain the mechanism of the Kalendrera and how it works.

[eu] Behar baino gutxiagotan aztertua eta ez beti egokiro baloratua, XVI. mendeko kristau sinesmen erreformatu europarrek utzi duten altxor bakanetako bat da Joanes Leizarragak moldatutako Kalendrera (Arroxela, 1571). Idazlan xume,labur eta, azaletik bederen, ulerterraza izanik, haren bakantasunak nekez ezkuta dezake alderdi guztietatik islatzen duen aberastasuna. Hala ikuspegi ideologikoerlijiosotik nola kultur baloreei dagokienetik liburuxkak aurkezten duen problematikaazaleratzea izango da artikulu honen xedea, lehendabizi Kalendrerarenbarne-mekanismoak eta funtzionamendua argitu behar baditu ere.
[en] The objective of the following degree thesis is to get the energy certification of an existing dwelling. For such purpose, the program CE3X will be used to achieve numeric values based on statistic data provided by the data base of the software. Further improvements will be studied and quantified in order to increase the efficiency rate previously obtained. That way energy savings and new energy qualification will be both estimated and evaluated, together with the profitability analysis of the alternatives attending the economic aspect.

[eu] Segidan aurkezten den GrAL-ak etxebizitza baten ziurtagiri energetikoaren lorpena du helburu. Hau lortzeko CE3X programaz baliatuko da kalkulu numerikoak lortzeko asmoz, zeinak softwarearen datu basea izango duten oinarri. Behin ziurtagiria lortuta, zenbait alternatiben proposamen eta ikasketari ekingo zaio aurrez lorturiko kontsumo energetikoaren emaitza hobetzeko xedearekin. Hala aurrezpen energetikoak zein kalifikazio energetiko berria eta haren egoera kuantifikatuko dira, bai eta hobekuntzen errentagarritasunaren ikasketa murritza egin aspektu ekonomikoa dela medio.
[en] The aim of this final degree thesis is to analyse the importance of starting to work on orality from Early Childhood Education, specifically, it underlines the need to start working on orality, oracy and communication from the first stage and also the importance of looking at some aspects that the teacher should take into account to facilitate and promote the learning of this. For this purpose, through this observation, in a two-year-old classroom of Infant Education, we analyse the ability and development of children in orality, the differences between them and the importance of the teacher's role in this process. Finally, a series of activities will be proposed to work with two-year-old children, designed to contribute to process of acquiring children's orality.

[eu] Gradu amaierako lan hau Haur Hezkuntzan ahozkotasuna lantzen hasteak duen garrantzia aztertzea du helburu, zehazki, lehenengo etapatik ahozkotasuna eta komunikazioa lantzen hasteak duen beharra eta irakasleak hori sustatzeko kontuan hartu behar dituen zenbait alderdi azpimarratzea. Horretarako, Haur Hazkuntzako bi urteko gela batean behaketa sakon bat eginez, haurrek ahozkotasunean duten gaitasuna eta garapena aztertzen da, beraien artean dituzten desberdintasunak eta baita irakasleak prozesu horretan duen garrantziari ere erreparatuz. Azkenik, bi urteko haurrekin lantzeko zenbait jarduera proposatuko dira, haurren ahozkotasunaren jabetze prozesuan laguntzeko asmoarekin diseinatuta daudenak.
[en] This proposal has been elaborated doing research about bertsolaritza's teaching methodologies. Taking into account the values bertsolaritza had during the 80s century, it was decided to introduce it into formal educational contexts. Since then, bertsolaritza has undergone several changes and it has created its own methodology and curriculum. Four interviews were carried out to bertsolaritza teachers with the aim of knowing more about the teaching of bertsolaritza. Amaia Agirre, Unai Muñoa, Maialen Akizu and Peru Abarrategi are the choosen experts. For that, I developed a survey I shared with them to know their thoughts on the discussed topic. Analysing this paper, various conclusions can be inferred. Nonetheless, the most important significant conclusion is that, since the last two years, the way bertsolaritza is taught in the school has hugely changed. After these statements, further information about my work will be explained.

[eu] Lan honetan bertsolaritzaren irakaskuntzako metodologiaren inguruko ikerketa lan bat egin da. 80. hamarkadan bertsolaritzak eskaintzen zituen balore zein ezaugarriak kontuan izanik, Hezkuntza Arautuan barneratzea erabaki zen. Geroztik aurrera, bertsolaritzaren irakaskuntza etapa eta aldaketa desberdinetatik igaro da metodologia eta curriculum propioa sortu den arte. Bertsolaritza emateko moduaren berri izateko, lau bertso irakasle elkarrizketatu ditut; Amaia Agirre, Unai Muñoa, Maialen Akizu eta Peru Abarrategi. Horretarako, galdetegi bat sortu dut eta haiekin harremanetan ipini naiz galdera horien erantzunak jasotzeko. Aztertutakoarekin ondorio desberdinak atera daitezke. Hala ere, jaso dudan ondoriorik nagusiena azken bi urte hauetan bertsolaritza emateko metodologian aldaketa ematen ari dela izan da. Beraz, jarraian nire landa lana garatuko da.
[en] The purpose of this project is to design a system which improves the e ciency of power inverters. The project is focused in the analysis of the di erent power semiconductors (based on silicon, silicon carbide and gallium nitride) and driver applications. This system can be implemented in di erent future versions of power inverters and in many kind of applications like electrical vehicles. Other than that, it can be also implemented on any machinery requiring an inverter obtaining more energy and reduce manufacturing costs.

[eu] Proiektu honen helburua potentzia inbertsoreen efizientzia hobetzeko sistema baten diseinua burutzea da. Proiektua erdieroale desberdinen (siliziozkoak, silizio karburozkoak eta galio nitrurozkoak) analisian eta driverren aplikazio desberdinetara bideratuta dago. Sistema hau potentzia inbertsoreen etorkizuneko bertsioetan inplementa daiteke eta aplikazio mota ugarietan, ibilgailu elektrikoetan adibidez. Horrez aparte, inbertsore bat behar duen edozein makinariatan implementa daiteke, energia gehiago lortuz eta fabrikazio kostua gutxituz.
[en] The development of scientific competence in primary school is still a controversial issue that is not very studied. Finding the way to introduce our students in the scientific culture and, helping them to develop the reasoning competence to talk about science is quite uncommon in our schools. This innovative intervention has been designed to face this situation and give a possible solution to this trouble. Through this intervention we try to promote the students' interest in science in primary education, giving priority to the data usage and argumentation in science class. The activity has been put into practice during March in the 2013/2014.

[eu] Gaur egun, konpetentzia zientifikoen garapena Lehen Hezkuntzako eskolan gutxi garatuta eta eztabaidagarria den gaia da. Ikasleek kultura zientifikoan murgiltzeko forma aurkitu eta, bereziki, argumentazio gaitasuna garatzen laguntzea, zientziak hitz egiteko aukerak emanez, ez da batere arrunta gure eskoletan. Esku-hartze berritzaile hau egoera honi aurre egiteko eta arazoari irtenbide bat bilatzeko diseinatuta izan da. Honen bidez, Lehen Hezkuntzan zientzienganako interesa sustatzen saiatzen da, zientziako klaseetan datuen erabilerari eta argumentazioari lehentasuna emanez. Ekimena 2013-2014ko martxoan jarri da martxan.