[en] This doctoral thesis analyzes several topics, focused on the impact of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and how they affect the strengthening of higher education; In addition, the incidence of administrative management in organizational justice is analyzed; and finally, an econometric analysis is made about the perception that teachers have about organizational justice through the evaluation that is carried out at the Colquitt scale in Ecuador. The research presented in this paper begins with the first chapter, where an approach is made to higher education in the Ecuadorian context, which today faces one of the most interesting, uncertain and complex eras, as it implies the possibility of taking advantage of important opportunities, but also challenges with a view to the future. It is also important to emphasize that the organizational commitment in the universities is a very frequent concern on the part of the directors of the institutions of higher education, since they must take adequate measures to commit all their members to create an appropriate organizational environment to obtain the results expected and in this way fulfill with excellence what was planned. The second chapter that analyzes Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and its mediation in the strengthening of higher education, indicates that they have much to offer as means for the exchange of information, as well as for the increase of participation and the improvement of the relations, arriving to incorporate new scenarios that require changes in their structures and in the behavioral and procedural level of the people who are part of them. This implies an improvement in organizational justice, which is being demanded by the university a significant change, where the role of the student and the teacher has a greater role, in order to collaboratively create knowledge. In this scenario, ICTs are presented as agents of change to be used as a powerful tool in improving the organizational justice of universities and to democratize learning opportunities to favor the inclusion and participation of all agents involved in higher education. The main purpose of this first chapter is to propose possibilities for ICT to improve the educational process. Specifically, the situation of the Technical University of Machala is addressed. In the third chapter, the objective is to make a theoretical journey about organizational justice and its relationship with administrative management and determine what impact it has on the Technical University of Machala in three dimensions: distributive, procedural and interactional justice, carried out through a study of two university classes, teachers and employees. Cronbach's statistical test showed an alpha of 0.990, which means a high confidence in the collected data. The investigative results determined that the perception of organizational justice of human talent in each phase of administrative management differs because, in some cases, the statistical verification corroborated the fact that the perception of teachers was favorable, however for the staff administrative this perception was minor. Finally, in the fourth chapter, organizational justice is analyzed as an important predictor of different organizational attitudes and behaviors. The organizational justice scale of Colquitt has been used, which was developed to evaluate the perceptions of justice that employees have, in its four dimensions: distributive, procedural, interpersonal and informative justice. For the present work, the analysis is extended to the Ecuadorian context using the same model as Díaz-Gracia, et al. (2014) applied in Spain. The objective of this study is to assess the organizational justice scale of Colquitt and determine the perception that teachers have of public universities in Ecuador, where five questions have been included that refer to the use of ICT in the different dimensions. The Cronbach's alpha obtained for each dimension varied between .98 and .99; a sample adequacy measure KMO of .9663. The realization of the corresponding factorial analysis regroups the items into 3 factors that represent 98% of the variance. So it was confirmed that it is an instrument that has the adequate psychometric properties to be used in the Ecuadorian context. Of the four dimensions, identified by Colquitt, the one with the highest percentage of acceptance was interpersonal with 86.1%.

[gl] Esta tese doutoral analiza varios temas, centrados no impacto que as Tecnoloxías da Información e Comunicación (TIC) teñen e como afectan o fortalecemento da educación superior, ademais de analizar a incidencia da xestión administrativa na xustiza organizativa e, finalmente, unha análise econométrica sobre a percepción dos profesores da xustiza organizativa mediante a avaliación realizada na escala de Colquitt en Ecuador. As investigacións que se presentan neste traballo son iniciativas co primeiro capítulo, onde se realiza un acervo sobre a educación superior no contexto ecuatoriano, as mismas que hoxe en día afrontan unha das épocas máis interesantes, incertas e complexas. a posibilidade de aproveitar as oportunidades importantes, pero tamén desafíes con miras ao futuro. Ademais é importante recalcar que o compromiso organizativo nas universidades é unha preocupación moi frecuente por parte dos directivos das institucións de educación superior, que ten que tomar medidas axeitadas para comprometer a todos os seus membros e crear un ambiente organizativo apropiado para obter os resultados esperados e deste xeito cumprir con excelencia o planificado. O segundo capítulo que analiza as Tecnoloxías da Información e as Comunicacións (TIC) e a súa mediación no fortalecemento da educación superior, indica que teñen moito que ofrecer como medios para o intercambio de información, así como para o aumento da participación e A mellora das relacións, chegando a incorporar novos escenarios que requiren cambios nas súas estruturas e no nivel de comportamento e procedemento das persoas que forman parte delas. Isto implica unha mellora na xustiza organizativa, que está a ser esixida pola universidade por un cambio significativo, onde o papel do alumno e do profesor ten un papel máis importante para crear colaborativamente coñecemento. Neste escenario, as TIC preséntanse como axentes de cambio para ser utilizados como unha poderosa ferramenta para mellorar a xustiza organizativa das universidades e para democratizar oportunidades de aprendizaxe para favorecer a inclusión e participación de todos os axentes implicados en educación superior O primeiro obxectivo deste primeiro capítulo é propoñer posibilidades para que as TIC melloren o proceso educativo. En concreto, trátase da situación da Universidade Técnica de Machala. No terceiro capítulo, o obxectivo é facer un percorrido teórico sobre a xustiza organizativa ea súa relación coa xestión administrativa e determinar o impacto que ten na Universidade Técnica de Machala en tres dimensións: a xustiza distributiva, procesual e interacional, realizada a través dunha estudo de dúas clases universitarias, profesores e empregados. A proba estatística de Cronbach mostrou un alfa de 0,990, o que supón unha alta confianza nos datos recollidos. Os resultados da investigación determinaron que a percepción da xustiza organizativa do talento humano en cada fase da xestión administrativa difire porque, nalgúns casos, a verificación estatística confirmou o feito de que a percepción dos profesores era favorable, pero para o persoal esta percepción administrativa era menor. Finalmente, no cuarto capítulo, analízase que a xustiza organizativa é un importante preditor de diferentes actitudes e comportamentos organizativos, a través da escala de xustiza organizativa de Colquitt, que foi desenvolvida para avaliar as percepcións da xustiza que teñen os empregados. que ten catro dimensións: a xustiza distributiva, procesual, interpersoal e informativa. Para o presente traballo, a análise esténdese ao contexto ecuatoriano utilizando o mesmo modelo que Díaz-Gracia et al. (2014) aplicado en España. O obxectivo deste estudo é avaliar a escala de xustiza organizativa de Colquitt e determinar a percepción que os profesores teñen das universidades públicas en Ecuador, onde se incluíron cinco preguntas que se refiren ao uso das TIC nas diferentes dimensións. O alfa de Cronbach obtido para cada dimensión varía entre .98 e .99; unha medida de adecuación de mostra KMO de .9663. A realización da análise factorial correspondente reagrupa os elementos en 3 factores que representan o 98% da varianza. Así, confirmouse que é un instrumento que ten as propiedades psicométricas adecuadas para seren utilizadas no contexto ecuatoriano. Das catro dimensións, identificadas por Colquitt, a que ten a maior porcentaxe de aceptación foi interpersoal con 86,1%.