[en] The analysis of the physical properties of fluids is a fundamental aspect, since their possible applications will largely derive from these. In this Final Degree Project, some of the physical properties of a specific type of fluid will be studied, which are ionic liquids, whose use has been in continuous growth during the last decades due to their exceptional physical properties and low vapor pressure. Furthermore, several of these physical parameters can be modified by doping these liquids with nanoparticles. However, it is still difficult to find research that analyses physical properties in nanofluids that use ionic liquids, which has motivated the realization of this project, where nanofluids have been obtained by dispersing nanoparticles within an ionic liquid, being able to study different physical properties of these at different concentrations of nanoparticles in the fluid and with variation in temperature, and then compare them with those obtained for the pure ionic liquid. In this work, the compounds studied have been obtained by adding graphene nanoplatelets to the ionic liquid 1-decyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (DMIM-BF4) being, until where it has been possible to know, the first time that the physical properties of the nanofluids that arise when mixing these two components are analysed. It has been proven that the presence of graphene at very low concentrations modifies the characteristics of the ionic liquid, among which a greater electrical conductivity, especially at high temperatures, a lower viscosity at low temperatures and a higher surface tension stand out.

[gl] A análise das propiedades físicas dos fluídos é un aspecto fundamental, xa que destas derivarán en gran medida as súas posibles aplicacións. Neste Traballo de Fin de Grado estudiaranse algunhas das propiedades físicas dun tipo de fluídos concreto, que son os líquidos iónicos, cuxo emprego estivo en crecemento continuo durante as últimas décadas debido as súas excepcionais propiedades físicas e baixa presión de vapor. Ademais, varios destes parámetros poden modificarse mediante a dopaxe destes líquidos con nanopartículas. Sen embargo, aínda é difícil encontrar investigacións onde se analicen as propiedades físicas en nanofluídos que empreguen líquidos iónicos, o que motivou a realización deste proxecto, onde obtivéronse nanofluídos mediante a dispersión de nanopartículas no seno dun líquido iónico, podéndose estudar diferentes propiedades físicas destes a distintas concentración de nanopartículas no fluído e con variación da temperatura, para despois comparalas coas obtidas para o líquido iónico puro. Neste traballo, os compostos estudados obtivéronse engadindo nanoplaquetas de grafeno ao liquido iónico tetrafluoroborato de 1-decil-3-metilimidazolio (DMIM-BF4), sendo, ata onde puido saberse, a primeira vez que se analizan as propiedades físicas dos nanofluídos xurdidos da mestura destes dous compoñentes. Púidose comprobar que a presenza de grafeno a moi baixas concentracións modifica as características do líquido iónico, entre as que resaltan unha maior condutividade eléctrica, especialmente a altas temperaturas, unha menor viscosidade a baixas temperaturas e unha maior tensión superficial.