[en] Background: The blood culture test is considered the Gold Standard for the detection of bacteraemia. However, its precision is limited by the contamination rate. This contamination is related to the collection of blood cultures from intravascular catheters. The aim of this revision is to compare the contamination rate in blood cultures collected by a dedicated phlebotomy and in those collected from a catheter, to determine its suitability to detect bacteraemia. Methods: Systematic review according to the PRISMA disposition. Research was done in several databases: Medline (through PubMed), Science Direct and Web of Science in December 2019. Observational studies and quasi experimental studies were included. Results: After the research 15 studies were obtained. 11 of them are analytic observational studies and the remaining 4 study the contamination rate before and after a change in the hospital policies. The results show that the collection of blood cultures from intravenous catheters have as a consequence a higher contamination rate when compared to the collection by a dedicated phlebotomy. However, some articles show a higher sensibility in the sample from central venous catheter. The contamination rate in arterial catheter and in the haemodialysis circuit is similar to that resulting from a dedicated phlebotomy. Conclusions: The collection of blood cultures from intravenous catheters is an inappropriate method of detection of bacteraemia. In contrast, the results from arterial catheter are similar to those from a dedicated phlebotomy, therefore, it is considered an appropriate method.

[eu] Sarrera: Hemokultiboa, bakteriemia antzemateko "Gold Standard" jotzen da, hala ere, bere zehaztasuna kutsadurak mugatzen du. Hau, hemokultiboak kateter bitartez lortzeari dagokio. Azterketa sistematiko honen bidez, alde batetik zainpunzio bitartez eta bestetik kateter bitartez egindako hemokultiboak, beraien hartean duten kutsadura-tasa ezberdintasuna aztertu nahi da, horrela, bakteriemia antzemateko erarik aproposena jakinez. Metodologia: PRISMA bidez egindako azterketa sistematikoa. Bilaketak, Medline (Pubmed bidez), Science Direct eta Web of Science datu baseetan egin ziren, 2019ko abenduan. Behaketa azterketak eta ia-esperimentalak barneratu dira. Emaitzak: Ikerketaren ondoren, 15 azterketak barneratu ziren. Horietatik 11, behaketa analitikoak dira, gainontzeko 4ak besteetan lortutako hemokultiboen kutsadura-tasa aztertzen dute, politika aldaketen aurretik eta ondoren. Azterketen emaitzek, zain barneko kateter bidezko hemokultiboak venopunzio bidezko hemokultiboak baino kutsadura-tasa altuagoa dutela erakusten dute. Hala ere, azterketa batzuek erakusten dute, nola zain barneko kateter zentraletik lortutako emaitzek sentzibilitate maila altuagoa dutela. Kateter arterialen edota hemodialisi zirkuitutik lortutako emaitzak, zainpunzio bitartez lortutakoak bezain edo gutxiagoko kutsadura-tasa dute, hemokultiboak aztertzerakoan. Ondorioak: Zain barneko kateter bidez egindako hemokultiboen erauzketek, zainpuntzio bidez egindakoek baino kutsadura-tasa altuagoa dute, bakteriemia antzemateko modu desegokia da. Kateter arterial bidez lorturiko emaitzak zainpuntzio bidezkoen parekoak dira, hortaz, hau, modu egokitzat hartzen da.