[en] Against a backdrop of political conflict between the local and national levels in Poland, the City of Warsaw adopted a pro-European policy until the changes brought by the elections at the end of 2023. Using the instruments of the urban strand of the European Union's cohesion policy, it opposed the Eurosceptic government, which had a significant impact on its territorial development. So to what extent does this urban strand contribute to a transformation of territoriality in Warsaw? How has it translated into practice the tensions between stakeholders in a governance structured by conflict? Between geography (Brenner, 1999 ; Rivière, 2011 ; Laménie, 2019) and political science (Lascoumes, Le Gales, 2004; Pinson, 2006), this article explores the process of Europeanisation (Radaelli, 2003) "from below" (Pasquier, Weisbein, 2004) underway in Warsaw. This article is based on a study of this literature and a field research made up of sixteen interviews with actors involved in the urbain multi-level governance within the City of Warsaw and the European institutions.Through an approach based on instruments, we can distinguish two dimensions of European urban development. The first is tangible, based on the funding of concrete projects on the territory. The second is intangible, involving the networking of European cities for the exchange of experience and "good practices". This distinction enables us to analyse the localised translation of the urban strand in Warsaw: local players are taking advantage of these two approaches, both to make up for a shortfall in available infrastructure and to adopt new methods of project governance. This mobilisation of European tools has resulted in a twofold Europeanisation. The first concerns public policies: local and European strategies are in line. The second concerns the territory: the implementation of Integrated Territorial Investments has undoubtedly encouraged metropolitan cooperation in Warsaw, and the creation of a functional urban area, as defined by the European institutions. This Europeanisation is taking place "from below", in the sense that local stakeholders are reclaiming the European discourse on urban development in order to adapt it to the needs of the area. In Warsaw, local stakeholders were using the instruments of the urban strand to oppose the government until the last elections in 2023. The conflict with the national stakeholder, who was Eurosceptic at the time, reinforced a European Union/City of Warsaw front: general policy was then translated into practice at local level. Multilevel governance structured around conflicts hinders Europeanisation.The change of government in 2023 seems to offer the prospect of accelerating this Europeanisation, with the national strategy aligned with the European and local one. However, this Europeanisation, considered "from below", could then turn out to be a circumstantial alliance, in order to oppose the government politically. Especially as this pro-European shift has not yet been confirmed. In this case, the question of in a context of heightened tensions within multi-level governance will arise. In both cases, Warsaw becomes a textbook case for understanding Europe in its territories, by raising the question of the link between territoriality and governance.

[fr] Dans un contexte de conflit entre les échelles locale et nationale en Pologne, la Ville de Varsovie s'est inscrite dans une logique pro-européenne jusqu'au retournement des élections de fin 2023. En se saisissant des instruments du volet urbain de la politique de cohésion de l'Union européenne, elle s'est opposée au gouvernement, ce qui n'est pas sans conséquence sur son développement territorial. Dans quelle mesure ce volet urbain participe-t-il à une transformation de la territorialité à Varsovie ? En quoi a-t-il traduit en pratiques des tensions entre acteurs d'une gouvernance structurée par les conflits ? Entre géographie et science politique, cet article se propose d'explorer le processus d'européanisation " par le bas " (Pasquier, Weisbein, 2004) en cours à Varsovie, en mobilisant un travail de terrain composé d'entretiens avec seize acteurs de la gouvernance urbaine multi-niveaux. Après avoir étudié la traduction localisée de la dimension urbaine européenne à Varsovie, nous en analyserons les effets : une européanisation des politiques et du territoire. Ce processus sera relativisé dans une dernière partie consacrée à la question de la gouvernance multi-niveaux, organisée autour de conflits politiques. C'est la relation entre gouvernance et territorialité qui est en jeu. L'observation de la mise en œuvre du volet urbain à Varsovie permet de conclure à une européanisation du territoire par la mise en œuvre des Investissements Territoriaux Intégrés accélérant la coopération métropolitaine. Mais cette transformation de la territorialité dépend de la gouvernance et de ses évolutions, dans un contexte où la Commission européenne ne possède pas de compétence en matière d'aménagement du territoire.