BSC-LT/ACAData huggingface dataset:
[en] This paper focuses on the possible benefits of interaction and cooperative learning in the foreign language acquisition process. In this research, the participants were 24 students enrolled in the fifth grade of Primary School in the Basque Country. Participants took part in a pedagogical intervention aiming at improving students' learning engagement and anxiety as well as the quantity and quality of the contributions done in the foreign language classroom. Furthermore, it aims to examine the effects of working cooperatively through interaction. The results reveal that interaction and cooperative learning improved students' learning engagement and anxiety in the foreign language learning classroom. Findings also provide evidence supporting that interaction and cooperative learning experiences contributed to enhance the quantity and quality of students' contributions. The paper concludes that fostering interaction and cooperation can be helpful for the acquisition of the foreign language.

[eu] Lan honek, interakzioak eta kolaborazioa sustatzeak atzerriko hizkuntzaren ikaskuntza prozesuan izan ditzakeen abantailak aztertzen ditu. Ikerketa honetan, parte hartzaileak Euskal Herriko lehen hezkuntzako bostgarren mailako 24 ikasle izan ziren. Ikasleek esku hartze pedagogiko batean parte hartu zuten haien ikaskuntzarako konpromezua, antsietatea eta baita ikasleen ekarpenen kantitate eta kalitatea ere hobetzea xede izanik. Esku hartzearen helburua metodo kooperatiboaren eta interakzioen bitartez lan egitearen ondorioak aztertzea zen. Emaitzek interakzioen eta kooperazioaren bitartez lan egiteak ikasleen ikaskuntzarako konpromezua eta antsietatea hobetu zutela erakusten dute. Era berean, ebidentziek interakzioek eta kooperazioak ikasleen ekarpenen kantitatean eta kalitatean ere onurak izan zituela adierazten dute. Lanak atzerriko hizkuntzaren ikaskuntza prozesuan interakzioak eta kooperazioa sustatzea onuragarria izan daitekeela ondorioztatzen du.
[en] This project intends to become an useful tool for Guascor I+D, a Spanish company dedicated to the design and production of cogeneration engines, by elaborating an organizational improvement proposal that will provide a stimulus for its growth in a near future. It is focused on the optimal use of resources and the avoidance of planning errors that could lead to a delay in the established delivery dates. The technical approach is based on the Project Planning Maturity Model developed by its author Harold Kerzner, which highlights the deficient processes that must be modified. The effectiveness of this proposal is to be analyzed throughout this paper and will be corroborated by its subsequent application in the company.

[eu] Proiektu honen helburua Guascor I+Drentzako tresna baliagarria bihurtzea da, kogenerazio motorren diseinu eta ekoizpenaz arduratzen den enpresa espainiarra, etorkizunerako garapen estimulua emango duen antolaketa hobekuntza proposamen baten bitartez. Baliabideen erabilera optimoan oinarritzen da, baita ezarritako entrega-epeak betetzean ere. Ikuspegi teknikoa Harold Kerzneren Proiektuen Kudeaketaren Heldutasun Ereduan oinarritzen da, aldatu beharreko prozesu eskasak identifikatzen dituenak. Proposamen honen eraginkortasuna dokumentuan bertan aztertzen da eta enpresan ezarritako momentuan berretsiko da.
[en] This dissertation it is intended to make an approach to Waldorf pedagogy, as well as the philosophical-spiritual principles from which this pedagogy draws. Through these principles that the founder of this pedagogy; rudolf steiner, proposes both theoretically and practically, spirituality and the importance of teachers in early childhood are analyzed. For this, and based on these pedagogical principles, the trajectory and knowledge of an educator with 39 years of experience in Early Childhood Education, who has training in Waldorf education, and who even working in a very different context, manages to incorporate the principles of this pedagogy in the daily life of the Kindergarten. The experience of the Early Childhood Education teacher is put into dialogue and analyzed through qualitative methods with the participant observation carried out during the student's internship period of the Degree in Early Childhood Education, author of this dissertation. The debate and the conclusions of these results identify and define the keys to integrating spirituality in childhood, in the training of these teachers and in Kindergarten, as well as the impact of research on the growth process of teachers and their possible contributions to their personal development.

[eu] GRAL honetan Waldorf pedagogiara hurbilketa bat egiten da, hala nola pedagogia horren iturri filosofiko-espiritualetara. Pedagogia horren sortzaileak, Rudolf Steiner-ek, proposatzen dituen printzipio horien bidez, bai teorikoki zein praktikoki, espiritualtasunak eta irakasleek lehen haurtzaroan duten garrantzia aztertzen da. Horretarako eta printzipio pedagogiko horietan oinarrituta, Haur Hezkuntzan 39 urtetako esperientzia duen, Waldorf prestakuntza duen eta oso bestelakoa den Haurreskolaren egunerokotasunean pedagogia honen printzipioak gauzatzea lortzen duen hezitzaile baten ibilbide eta ezagutza aztertzen da. Haur Hezkuntzako irakaslearen esperientzia, GRAL- aren autorea den eta Haur Hezkuntzako Graduko ikaslearen praktika-aldian burututako behaketa partehartzailearekin elkarrizketan jarri eta metodo kualitatiboen bidez aztertzen da. Emaitzen eztabaida eta ondorioek espiritualtasunari haurtzaroan, irakasleon prestakuntzan, eta Haurreskoletan integratzeko klabeak identifikatu eta zehazten ditu. Gainera, ikerketak irakaslegaiaren hazkuntza prozesuan izan duen inpaktua identifikatu eta irakaslegaien garapen pertsonalean egin ditzakeen ekarpenak antzematen ditu.
[en] Throughout this document, the control of a WidowX robotic arm and its sensorization aredeveloped, mountedon top of a TurtleBot 2 structure. The aim of this project is to add the capabilities this robotic arm provides to a mobile base part of a flexible manufacturing system. Every piece of hardware isdescribed in order to grasp how everything interacts. The control of these devices is conducted using ROS (Robot Operating System). ROS' working structure and how it manages the devices' control are explained.

[eu] Gradu amaierako lan honetan WidowX beso robotiko manipulatzailearen kontrolaeta honengainean zenbait sentsoreen kokapena garatzen dira,TurtleBot 2 robot mugikorraren gainean antolatua. Lan honek besoak ahalbidetzen dituen ekintzak ematen dizkio fabrikazio sistema malguko robot bati. Multzo hau osatzen duten gailu guztiak azaltzen dira. Gailu hauek kontrolatzeko ROS (Robot Operating System) erabiltzen da eta ingurune honetan nola komunikatzen direnazaltzen da.
[en] This paper presents a research and an intervention on Active Break for Primary Education. It proposes active breaks during school hours to promote physical activity and improve academic performance. For this purpose, two groups of third grade students (n= 41; 23 boys and 18 girls) have been selected. One of the groups will do Active Breaks and the other will be the Control group, in order to analyze the differences between both interventions. On three daily occasions and throughout one week, both teams will perform 5-minute breaks, active in one group and passive in the other. To see if the objectives of this FDP are met and if there are improvements before and after the intervention; the SCWT, the TEMT-U and a satisfaction questionnaire have been adapted. The team that has performed Active Breaks has shown more notable improvements than the Control group, both in attention and in the increase of time spent on task. While in mathematical competence no improvements were observed. The minutes of Physical Activity have increased throughout this week and the group that has performed Active Breaks is closer to the 60 daily minutes of Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity recommended daily by the WHO (Bull et al., 2020).

[eu] Lan honetan, Lehen Hezkuntzako hirugarren mailarako zuzendutako Active Break en esku-hartze bat aurkezten da. Bertan, eskola orduetan Jarduera Fisikoa sustatzeko eta errendimendu akademikoa hobetzeko atsedenaldi aktiboak proposatzen dira. Horretarako, Lehen Hezkuntzako hirugarren mailako bi talde aukeratu dira (n=41; 23 mutil eta 18 neska), Active Break egingo dituen talde bat eta Kontrol taldea, ezberdintasunak aztertzeko. Bi taldeek egunero hiru alditan eta aste batean zehar, 5 minutuko atsedenaldiak egingo dituzte, aktiboak talde batean eta pasiboak bestean. GrAL honen helburuak betetzen diren eta hobekuntzak dauden ikusteko; SCWT, U-EMGT eta gogobetetze-maila neurtzen duen galdetegi bat egokitu dira, esku-hartzea baino lehen eta ostean egin direnak. Active Breaks egin dituen taldeak, Kontrol taldeak baino hobekuntza nabarmenagoak erakutsi ditu, bai arretan zein zereginean emandako denboraren igoeran. Konpetentzia matematikoan berriz, ez dira hobekuntzarik ikusi. Jarduera Fisikoaren minutuak gora egin dute aste horretan zehar eta atsedenaldi aktiboak egin dituen taldea, OME-k egunero gomendatzen dituen Jarduera Fisiko Moderatu eta Indartsuko 60 minutuetatik (Bull et al., 2020) hurbilago dago.
[en] The main goal of this contribution is to make available critical information that could be useful in order to obtain a more accurate picture of the real situation of torture dealing with incommunicado detainees in relationship with ETA terrorist group under the enforcement of counterterrorist legislation. In particular data have been recorded for the period of time between 2000 and 2008, taking into consideration 957 (amongst the total figures of 1.231) detainees' allegations of torture / inhuman treatment. Up to 300 testimonies and judicial complains and more than 500 forensic reports have been gathered. This article describes the existence of allegations of torture / inhuman treatment and it s behaviour depending on different variable of the detainees such as sex, age, judicial situation, type of police that hold detainees in custody, place, year and motive of the arrest. Throughout this contribution those data are put in perspective with findings both of report s from different International Human Rights monitoring bodies and of empirical research available in the matter.

[eu] Lan honen helburu nagusia zera da: informazio-tresna osagarri bat eskaintzea, tortura-egoera zein den modu objektiboagoan argitze aldera, ustezko ETAkide atxilotu eta inkomunitatuei terrorismoaren aurkako legeria aplikatzerakoan. 2000 eta 2008 arteko aldian izan ziren 1.231 atxilotuetatik 957 atxilotuen torturari zein tratu txarrei buruzko alegazioen datuak jasot zen dira. Horretarako inkomunikatuen 300 salaketa eta lekukotza baino gehiagoren informazioa hustu da, baita 500 txosten mediku-forenseena ere. Ikerketan tratu txarren eta torturaren existentzia eta alegazioen ehunenekoak deskribatzen dira, baita tortura gertatzeko indikadoreak faktore bat zuen arabera: alegia, gorputz polizialaren, egoera prozesalaren, sexuaren, adinaren, urtearen, lekuaren eta atxiloketa egiteko motiboaren arabera. Lanean zehar emaitzak alderat zen dira giza eskubideetako erakunde ofizial zein ez-ofizialen kontrol-txostenen emait zekin baita Estatu mailan izan diren ikerketa enpiriko bat zuekin ere.
[en] Physical Education is a fundamental discipline in the formation and integral development of any child. Students can experience social and emotional situations when playing games. Likewise, games can be effective pedagogical tools to promote emotional learning, learning to identify and control one's own emotions. Thus, the main objective of this research was to describe the emotional experience ofthird cycle students of Primary Education during the game ofthe ball tower in general and in terms of gender. To this end, 193 pupils aged between 10 and 12 from two schools in the Basque Country, 86 girls and 10'1 boys, played tower ball for ten minutes. The emotions felt during the game were assessed using the Games and Emotions Scale Eor Children (GES-C) translated into Basque. If we look at the results, happiness and joy were the most intensely experienced emotions more frequently, no considerable differences were found in the emotional experience between boys and girls, and pupils of both genders agreed that they felt positive emotions more intensely. In order to achieve a modem and comprehensive Physical Education, teachers should give the deserved space to games and at the sam.e time become aware of their importance. Through their characteristics, their internallogic and their motor communication network, it is possible to work on and analyse the different types of experiences, emotions and relationships, as well as possible gender differences in our schools.

[eu] Heziketa Fisikoa, funtsezko diziplina da edozein haur edo ikasleren prestakuntza eta garapen integralean. Ikasleek joko-jolasen bitartez egoera sozialak zein emozionalak esperimentatu ditzakete. Era berean, joko-jolasak tresna eraginkorrak izan daitezke ikaskuntza emozionala sustatzeko, norberaren emozioak identifikatzen eta kontrolatzen ikasiz. Hori horrela izanik, ikerketa honen xede nagusia Lehen Hezkuntzako hirugarren zikloko ikasleek baloi dorrea jokoan zehar izandako bizipen emozionala orokorrean eta generoaren arabera deskribatzea izan zen. Horretarako, Euskal Herriko bi ikastetxetako 10-12 urte bitarteko 193 ikaslek, 86 neska eta 107 mutilek, baloi dorrea jokoan aritu ziren hamar minutuz. Jokoan zehar sentitutako emozioak Games and Emotions Scale for Children (GES-C) eskalaren euskaraturiko bertsioaren bidez baloratu ziren. Emaitzei erreparatuz gero, zoriona eta poza intentsitate maila altuenarekin maizen sentitutako emozioak izan ziren, neska zein mutilen artean izandako bizipen emozionalean ez ziren desberdintasun nabaririk aurkitu eta bi generoetako ikasleak bat datoz emozio positiboak bizikiago sentitu zituztela adieraztean. Heziketa Fisiko moderno eta integralago bat eskuratzera begira, arlo honetako irakasleek joko-jolasei nolabaiteko toki bat eman beharko liekete beraien garrantziaz jabetzeaz batera. Hauen ezaugarrien bitartez, barne logika eta komunikazio motor sarearen bitartez, bizipen, emozio zein harreman mota anitzak lantzea eta aztertzea posible da, baita generoaren ikuspuntutik izan daitezkeen desberdintasunak ere.
[en] The purpose of this project is to build an image of current status of concepts like ethics and sustainability in the project management discipline and investigate what is the actual situation of these values in the study plan of Faculty of Engineering of Bilbao. The work documentation will be supplemented with a survey directed at relevant people who will help with their experience. After gathering all this information there will be presented a proposal of change in evaluation method that will considerate concepts of ethical and sustainability in final projects redacted by students of ETSI.

[eu] Gradu amaierako lan honen helburua, alde batetik, proiektu kudeaketan etika eta iraunkortasun kontzeptuak gaurko egoeran ikastea da, eta bestetik, aipatutako balore hauek Ingenaritza Goi Eskola Teknikoaren ikasketa plangintzan zelako garrantzia duten ikertzea da. Horretarako, dokumentazio lana eskolako pertsona nabarmen talde bati egindako elkarrizketa batzuekin osatuko da, hauen esperientzia eta ikuspuntua azaltzen . Informazioa pilatu eta gero, amaierako lanetan balore hauek kontutan har daitezen, ebaluaketa metodoa aldatzeko proposamen bat aurkeztuko da.
[en] Reading is important and basic in Primary Education. Thus, the general objective of this work has been to analyze the reading development of students throughout the 2nd and 3rd cycles of Primary Education in a public school in a Basque town in Bizkaia, taking into account habits, motivation, attitudes and academic self-concept. To achieve this objective, students were asked to answer a questionnaire. The questionnaire was answered by 154 students, and it was designed for this work and the questions were based on reading habits, motivation, attitude and self-concept. The results, in general, have shown that as the level increases, there is less liking for reading and more negative motivations and habits, and in terms of gender, girls show more positive results regarding reading.

[eu] Irakurketa garrantzitsua eta oinarrizkoa da Lehen Hezkuntzan. Horregatik, Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburu orokorra izan da Bizkaiko herri euskaldun bateko eskola publiko baten Lehen Hezkuntzako 2. eta 3. zikloan zehar ikasleen irakurzaletasunaren garapena aztertzea, ohiturak, motibazioa, jarrerak eta autokontzeptu akademikoa kontuan hartuta. Helburu hori erdiesteko, ikasleei galdetegi bati erantzuteko eskatu zaie. Galdetegiari 154 ikaslek erantzun diote. Galdetegia lan honetarako diseinatu da eta galderak irakur ohiturak, motibazioa, jarrera eta autokontzeptuan oinarrituta egon dira. Emaitzek, oro har erakutsi dute ikasmailetan gora egin ahala, irakurzaletasun gutxiago eta motibazio eta ohitura negatiboagoak daudela eta generoari dagokionez, neskek irakurketarekiko emaitza positiboagoak erakutsi dituztela.
[en] In this work the text of the Law 5/2000, of 12 January, that regulates the criminal responsibility of the minors is explained. Thus, some questions as the jurisdiction of the Courts of Minors indicated in the Law, the special consideration about imposing measures regarding terrorism crimes and, by extension, with regard to other serious crimes, the special execution of the measures imposed in these terrorism cases are examined. The analysis of this Law is the previous step to comment, next, the reforms in this matter.

[eu] Lan honetan, adingabekoen erantzukizuna aztertzen duen, urtarrilaren 12-ko 5/2000 lege organikoa azaltzen da, artikuloen haria jarraituz. Legean azaltzen den adingabeen epaitegian konpetentzia, terrorismoko delituen aurka ezartzen diren neurriak, edo eta terrorismoari egokitutako neurrien ejekuzioa aztertzen da. Lege honen azterketa, gai honetan planteatzen diren erreformen aurreko pausua da.
[en] Analysis of the steel cable as a structural element. Structural efforts and their performance in cables and rods are explained, in order to deepen into the concepts of cable catenary and tensegrity. Finally, this knowledge is applied in the design of a cabled roof.

[eu] Altzairuzko kableak egitura elementutzat betetzen duen funtzioaren analisia. Katenaria eta tensegritate kontzeptuetan sakondu ahal izateko, egituren esfortzuak eta haien funtzionamendua kable eta barretan azaldu dira. Azkenik, estalki bat diseinatzeko erabili dira ezagutza hauek.
[en] This project explores domain adaptation of state-of-the-art neural machine translation. We develop a total of four self-attention-based NMT systems for Swedish-Spanish: two general out-domain systems (one in each translation direction) and two in-domain systems (also one in each translation direction). We adapt our in-domain systems for the Civil Engineering domain. Apart from out-domain parallel data, we collect and use in-domain monolingual data that we translate creating two synthetic parallel in-domain corpora with the original sentences as target language. All four systems are tested and compared with automatic evaluation metrics. The Spanish-to-Swedish systems are also evaluated manually by a post-editing task measuring the systems productivity. Results show that our four systems perform similarly, all of them outperforming significantly Google Translate. The productivity test indicates, however, that post-editing domain-specific text benefits from domain-adapted MT.

[eu] Proiektu honetan punta-puntako itzulpen automatiko neuronalaren domeinu egokitzapena aztertu da. Horretarako, suediera-gaztelera bikoterako lau itzultzaile automatiko garatu ditugu: domeinu orokorreko bi sistema (bat itzulpen norabide bakoitzerako) eta domeinura egokitutako beste bi sistema (bat itzulpen norabide bakoitzerako). Gure domeinura egokitutako sistemak Ingeniaritza Zibilerako egokitu ditugu. Domeinu barruko sistemak sortzeko, domeinuz kanpoko datu paraleloez gain, domeinu barruko datu elebakarrak bildu eta erabili ditugu. Testu elebakar horiek automatikoki itzuliz, domeinuko bi corpus paralelo sintetiko sortu ditugu. Guk sortutako lau sistemak neurri automatikoak erabiliz ebaluatu eta Google Translatek sortzen dituen itzulpenekin konparatu ditugu. Gazteleratik suedierara itzultzen duten bi sistemak, gainera, eskuz ebaluatu ditugu post-edizio ataza bat erabiliz, sistemaren produktibitatea neurtuz. Emaitza automatikoek gure lau sistemek antzeko emaitzak sortzen dituztela erakusten dute, guztiak Google Translate nabarmen gainditzen dutelarik. Produktibitate testak, ordea, domeinu-testu zehatzak post-editatzerakoan domeinura egokitutako itzulpen sistemak onuragarriak direla erakusten du.
[en] The purpose of the enclosed essay, a bibliographic review, is to analize the various injuries which may happen while playing football. For this, knowing the complete context around them could be essential. On this subject, we must know what the injuries are, how they happen, which patterns they follow, the way they are classified and finally, which factors cause them. In order to achieve these objetives, a systematized review has been done and six of the main active databases analyzed. As a result, the articles we have obtained are up to date. The epidemiology of injuries in the sphere of proffesional football has also been checked.

[eu] Aurkezten den lana, errebisio bibliografikoa, futbolean ematen diren lesioak aztertzea helburua du. Horretarako futboleko lesioen testuinguru osoa ezagutzea ezinbestekoa izanen da. Horretarako lesioak zer diren, ze modutan ematen diren, ze patroi jarraitzen dute, nola sailkatzen dira eta zein diren faktore eragileak, ezagutu beharko dugu. Gure helbururako beharrezkoa izan den informazioa lortzeko errebisio bibliografiko sistematiko bat burutu da. Errebisio honetan, gaur egun aktiboan dauden datu baseetatik, adierazgarrienetarikoak diren 6 datu base aztertu dira, modu sistematiko batean, futbol profesionaleko epidemiologiaren inguruko artikulu eta informazio eguneratutakoak eta egiaztatuenak lortzeko.
[en] The post-colonial theory introduced a new perception of colonialism, which as a subject of study exceeded the national and cultural limits whilst tried to overcome the Eurocentric colonial discourses from a comparative perspective. In this article we critically review some of the main post-colonial theoretical approaches, as the study to the "other" or the role of local entities in power relations (agency), as well as its specific implementation in the archaeological study of the Phoenician colonial expansion, its influence and grassroots in the main contemporary studies. We endow value to concepts such as the hybridity or the concern for the autochthonous active role, and some other considerations –or its absence– are criticized, as those relating to unequal exchange and exploitation.

[eu] Teoria postkolonialak kolonialismoaren ikuskera berria eman zuen, zein, ikerketa historikoko objektu bezala, nazioarteko eta kultural mugak guztiz gainditzen zituen eta aldi berean, optika konparatibo bat erabiliz, europar-ikuskera zuen diskurtso koloniala gainditzen saiatzen zen. Artikulu honetan teoria postkolonialaren ikuspegi nagusiak era kritikoan ikuskatzen dira, esate baterako, "bestearen" ikerketa edo botere harremanetan (agency-ean) tokiko identitateek jokatutako papera. Era berean, honek feniziarraren hedapen kolonialaren ikerketa arkeologikoan duen aplikatze zehatza eta gaurko ikerketa nagusietan duen eragina eta errotzea landuko da. Hibridazioa bezalako kontzeptuak edo bertakoaren paper aktiboari buruzko kezkak positiboki balioesten dira eta beste gogoeta batzuk, edo bere gabezia, kritikatzen dira, adibidez, truke desorekatua eta esplotazioa.