[en] Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of sensory stimulation (ES) programs in the level of recovery of consciousness of patients with head trauma (TBI) during their stay in the intensive care unit (ICU). Methodology: A systematic review was conducted through the search for SR and randomized clinical trials (RCTs) published in the last 10 years. The search was carried out in the following databases; PubMed / Medline, Web of Sciences, Scopus, OtSeeker and Cinahl, in addition, the bibliographic references of the selected studies were consulted. The language restrictions were limited to English and Spanish. Different variables to be analyzed were established; primary variables (sociodemographic and intervention) and secondary variables (cause of TBI, duration of time in coma, and affected area after TBI), then the results obtained were evaluated in relation to the level of recovery of consciousness of the studies. Results: A total of 13 RCTs and no SRs have been included due to the lack of RS on the study subject. ES programs increase the level of consciousness of patients with TBI and prevent a situation of sensory deprivation from occurring, in addition, the ES interventions that are performed by the patients' relatives are more effective than those performed by the patients. professionals. Conclusions: Although all the studies show positive effects in relation to the level of recovery of consciousness of patients with TBI, it is not possible to determine if the improvements are maintained over time due to the lack of follow-up of the participants. This, together with the heterogeneity of the studies and the lack of methodological quality existing in several of the RCTs, leads to the limited scientific evidence on the effectiveness of ES programs for patients with TBI.

[gl] Obxectivos: Avaliar a efectividade dos programas de estimulación sensorial (ES) no nivel de recuperación de consciencia dos pacientes con traumatismo cranioencefálico (TCE) durante a súa estancia na Unidade de coidados intensivos (UCI). Metodoloxía: Realizouse unha revisión sistemática mediante a busca de RS e Ensaios Clínicos Aleatorizados (ECA) publicadas nos últimos 10 anos. A busca levou a cabo nas seguintes bases de datos; PubMed/Medline, Web of Sciences, Scopus, OtSeeker e Cinahl, ademai, consultáronse as referencias bibliográficas dos estudos seleccionados. As restricións idiomáticas limitáronse a inglés e español. Establecéronse diferentes variables a analizar; variables primarias (sociodemográficas e sobre a intervención) e variables secundarias (causa do TCE, tempo de duración en coma, e zona afectada tras TCE), posteriormente avaliáronse os resultados obtidos en relación ao nivel de recuperación de consciencia dos estudos. Resultados: Incluíronse un total de 13 ECAS e ningunha RS debido á escaseza de RS achega do tema de estudo. Os programas de ES aumentan o nivel de consciencia dos pacientes con TCE e evitan que se produza unha situación de privación sensorial, ademais, as intervencións de ES que son realizados polos familiares dos pacientes resultan máis efectivas que as que se realizan polos profesionais. Conclusións: A pesar de que todos os estudos mostran efectos positivos en relación ao nivel de recuperación de consciencia dos pacientes con TCE, non se pode determinar se as melloras mantéñense ao longo do tempo pola falta de seguimento os participantes. Isto, xunto á heteroxeneidade dos estudos e á falta de calidade metodolóxica existente en varios dos ECAS, dá lugar a que a evidencia científica sobre a efectividade dos programas de É para pacientes con TCE sexa limitada