[ca] La coliflor o broquil, de nom cientific Brassica oleracea var. botrytis, representa una varietat botanica de l'especie Brassica oleracea que pertany a la familia de les cruciferes. L'origen de la coliflor i de la seva domesticacio es incert. Hi ha estudis que afirmen que la domesticacio prove d'especies silvestres distribuides per les costes atlantiques d'Europa i d'altres asseguren que els seus inicis provenien del Mediterrani oriental. Actualment, la coliflor es cultivada arreu del mon per la produccio i l'aprofitament de la seva inflorescencia hipertrofiada pel consum huma. Aquesta inflorescencia hipertrofiada o capca es rica en vitamines, minerals i glucosinolats, entre altres compostos, que proporcionen efectes beneficiosos per la salut. Brassica oleracea var. botrytis es una especie al·logama, es a dir, que es reprodueix per via sexual entre gametes procedents de dos individus distints. La reproduccio sexual es un mecanisme basic d'evolucio en plantes cultivades, ja que permet la creacio de variabilitat genetica regulant els fenomens d'adaptacio. Gracies a la variabilitat genetica es poden realitzar programes de millora amb l'objectiu d'incrementar les frequencies geniques de les caracteristiques desitjades. En aquest treball es preten avaluar la descendencia de l'encreuament entre dos genotips de broquil morat : Broquil de desembre i coliflor violeta de Sicilia, per a caracters morfo-agronomics i quimics, i tambe, determinar l'efecte de les diferents estructures de la capca (botons florals, ramificacions secundaries i tronc) sobre els parametres quimics del broquil morat. L'estudi d'aquests hibrids forma part del projecte BRAAVA que porta a terme la Fundacio Miquel Agusti i que te per objectiu introduir noves varietats de brassiques amb alt valor afegit i adaptades a la zona del Baix Llobregat com a opcio per a la diversificacio del sector horticola del Parc Agrari del Baix Llobregat. Per l'avaluacio s'han escollit caracters morfologics i agronomics de planta, fulla i capca comuns en ambdos parentals, com el color, la mida o el pes i s'han fet diverses fotografies dels materials avaluats. El proces ha comencat un cop la capca ha assolit el seu estat optim de maduresa. Posteriorment s'ha realitzat la caracteritzacio quimica de les mostres. En aquest proces s'ha determinat la materia seca, materia mineral, pH, acidesa titulable i ?Brix. Previ a la caracteritzacio quimica, s'han triturat i congelat les mostres amb nitrogen liquid per poder manipular-les i conservar-les millor. De les analisis quimiques, morfologics i agronomics s'ha comprovat que el mostreig de les diferents parts (botons florals, ramificacions secundaries, tronc i bulk) afecta de manera diferent sobre els caracters quimics. S'ha observat que els caracters quimics i alguns morfologics i agronomics com l'alcada i amplada de la capca han millorat amb la descendencia pero d'altres com el pes no han incrementat amb la seguent generacio filial. Pel que fa al color, la descendencia ha resultat presentar tonalitats menys fosques i menys morades que les dels parentals. A partir dels individus de la descendencia que presenten caracters d'interes s'han seleccionat i s'ha agafat la llavor per realitzar projectes de millora per anys seguents.

[en] Cauliflower or broccoli, scientifically named Brassica oleracea var. botrytis, represents a botanical variety of the species Brassica oleracea that belongs to the cruciferous family. The origin of the cauliflower and its domestication is uncertain. There are studies that affirm that the domestication comes from wild species distributed by the Atlantic coasts of Europe and others assure that their beginnings came from the Eastern Mediterranean. Currently, cauliflower is cultivated throughout the world for the production and use of its hypertrophied inflorescence for human consumption. This hypertrophied inflorescence or curd is rich in vitamins, minerals and glucosinolates, among other compounds, which provide beneficial effects for health. Brassica oleracea var. botrytis is an allogamous species, that is, it reproduces sexually between gametes from two different individuals. Sexual reproduction is a basic mechanism of evolution in cultivated plants, since it allows the creation of genetic variability regulating adaptation. Thanks to the genetic variability, improvement programs can be carried out with the aim of increasing the gene frequencies of the desired characteristics. The aim of this work is evaluate the offspring of the crossing between two purple broccoli genotypes: 'broquil de desembre' and Sicilian violet cauliflower, for morpho-agronomic and chemical characters, and also to determine the effect of the different structures of curd: flower buds, secondary ramifications and trunk on the chemical parameters of purple broccoli. The study of these hybrids is part of the BRAAVA project carried out by Fundcio Miquel Agusti and aims to introduce new varieties of brassica with added value and adapted to the area of Baix Llobregat as an option for the diversification of the horticultural sector of the Parc Agrari del Baix Llobregat. For the evaluation, morphological and agronomic characters of plant, leaf and curd, common in both parents, have been chosen, such as colour, size or weight and photographs of the materials evaluated have been made. The process has begun once the curd has reached its optimum state of maturity. Subsequently, the chemical characterization of the samples was carried out. In this process the dry matter, mineral matter, pH, acidity and ?Brix have been determined. Prior to the chemical characterization, the samples have been crushed and frozen with liquid nitrogen in order to manipulate them and preserve them better. From the chemical, morphological and agronomic analyses it has been verified that the sampling of the different parts (flower buds, secondary ramifications, trunk and bulk) affects differently the chemical characters. It has been observed that the chemical and some morphological and agronomic characters such as the height and width of the curd have improved with the offspring but others such as the weight have not increased in the following filial generation. For colour, the offspring is clearer and less purple than those of the parents. From the individuals of the offspring that present characters of interest, the seed has been selected and taken to carry out improvement projects for subsequent years.