BSC-LT/ACAData huggingface dataset:
[en] Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic, autoimmune, inflammatory and systemic disease affecting the 1% of the world's population. It is promote by the excess production in reactive oxygen species induced by, among other, cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) or interleukin-1β (IL-1β), which generates an oxidative stress in the joint cells. These increase, in these cells, the levels of enzymes such as superoxide dismutase-2 (SOD2) to fight against this stress. The resveratrol is a natural polyphenol that has numerous benefits, including anti-inflamatory and anti-oxidative effects. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of resveratrol on the levels of SOD2 in rat synoviocytes in culture. For this purpose a culture of rat synoviocites was performed, which were subjected to different conditions, and western-blot and inmunofluorescence techniques were performed to measure the levels of the SOD2 enzyme under the different tested conditions. The results showed a decrease in enzyme levels in those cells preincubated with resveratrol before being exposed to proinflammatory cytokines, showing the anti-inflamatory and anti-oxidative activity of resveratrol.

[gl] A artrite reumatoide é unha enfermidade crónica, autoinmune, inflamatoria e sistémica que afecta o 1% da población mundial. A enfermidade é promovida polo exceso de producción de especies reactivas de osíxeno e inducido, entre outros, por citoquinas como o factor de necrose tumoral (TNF-α) ou a interleucina-1β (IL-1β), que xeran estrés oxidativo nas células da articulación, que aumentan os seus niveis de enzimas como a superóxido dismutase-2 (SOD2) para tratar de combater este estrés. O resveratrol é un polifenol natural, que é atribuida numerosos beneficios, incluindo efectos antiinflamatorios e antioxidativos. O obxectivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efecto do resveratrol sobre os niveis de SOD2 en sinoviocitos de rato cultivada. Para isto se fixo un cultivo de sinoviocitos de rato, que foron sometidos a condicions distintas, e foron realizadas técnicas de western-blot e inmunofluorescencia, para medir os niveis de SOD2 nas diferentes condicions examinadas. Os resultados era unha disminución dos niveis de enzimas nas células preincubadas có resveratrol antes de ser expostos a citoquinas proinflamatorias, confirmando así a actividade antiinflamatoria e antioxidativa do resveratrol.
[en] This thesis is about consciousness within cognitive science and artificial intelligence (AI). Throughout history there have been different interpretations to explain the mind and its attributes as consciousness. Some theories make consciousness an emergent property of the brain. This work exposes the emergence of properties under a new ontology of the universe (EMI theory) and by some constructs (holons and informons) being provided examples of computing. It is concluded that the emergence of functional properties, which is necessary to understand the mind, is affordable by computational methods.

[gl] Esta tese é sobre a conciencia na ciencia cognitiva e Intelixencia Artificial (AI). Ao longo da historia houbo diferentes interpretacións para explicar a mente e os seus atributos como a conciencia. Algunhas teorías fan da conciencia unha propiedade emerxente do cerebro. Este traballo expón a emerxencia de propiedades desde unha nova ontoloxía do universo (teoría EMI) e mediante uns constructos (holóns e informóns) sendo proporcionados exemplos de casos computacionais. Conclúese que a emerxencia de propiedades funcionais, algo que é necesario para entender a mente, é accesible por métodos computacionais.
[en] This paper work shows the basis of human capital. It starts offering a vision of the main theoretical contributions about education and work experience until the 1960s, when the term "human capital" is coined. In the following section the main theoretical contributions of human capital are enunciated and explained, beginning with Adam -Smith (1776), Theodore W. Shultz (1961) and Gary Becker (1964). Like wise, a section is dedicated to the variables that make up the human capital: 1) formal education (basic, secondary and post graduate), 2) the experience acquired by the person in his job and that acumulates through out his working life, 3) the training the receive from the companies where they work or by public entitiesand 4) the employee's health conditions, which is connected with the conditions in the work place and directly affects the productivity.

[gl] Neste traballo preséntanse os fundamentos do capital humano. Comezase ofrecendo unha visión dos principais aportes teóricos sobre a educación e a experiencia laboral hasta a década de 1960, cando se acuña o termo "capital humano". No seguinte apartado enúncianse e explican os principais aportes teóricos do capital humano, comezando por AdamSmith (1776), Theodore W. Shultz (1961), e GaryBecker (1964). Así mesmo dedicase un apartado ás variables que compoñen o capital humano: 1) a educación formal (básica, secundaria e pos grao), 2) a experiencia que adquire a persoa no seu posto de traballo e que se acumula ó longo da súa vida laboral, 3) a capacitación que reciba por parte das empresas onde traballa ou por entidades públicas, 4) as condicións de saúde do empregado, que ten moito que ver coas condicións no seu lugar de traballo e afectan directamente a súa produtividade. Para rematar analízanse as implicacións que ten o capital humano na sociedade actual e faise referencia ás críticas que recibe esta teoría.
[en] The pandemic caused by COVID-19 has crossed borders, putting all sectors of the world economy in check. In order to protect employment and mitigate its negative effects on the Spanish economy, there is the possibility o resort to the figure of temporary employment regulation due to force majeure based on the Coronavirus. The need to legislate and modify these instruments very quickly has made it confusing to discern between their tipology, how their administravive processing should be carried out, and even the consequences of their adoption. through this study, it is intended to specify its legal framework, focusing specially on the analysis of the incipient judicial pronouncements about the termination of employment contracts and the unfulfillment of their limitations.

[gl] a pandemia provocada pola COVID-19 traspasou fronteiras, poñendo en xaque a todos os sectores da economía mundial. En aras de protexer o emprego e mitigar os seus efectos negativos no tecido empresarial español, habilitouse a posibilidade de recorrer á figura dos expedientes de regulación temporal de emprego por forza maior baseados no Coronavirus. A necesidade de lexislar e modificar ditos instrumentos sobre a marcha xerou que sexa confuso distinguir a súa tipoloxía, como debe efectuarse a súa tramitación administrativa e incluso as consecuencias da súa adopción. A través do presente estudo preténdese concretar o seu réxime xurídico, poñendo o foco especialmente sobre a análise dos incipientes pronunciamentos xudiciais sobre as extincións dos contratos de traballo e o incumprimento das limitacións derivadas da súa tramitación.
[en] We will analyze the influence of the internet within the textile sector, from the infringement of its trademarks by search systems (AdWords), metatags and domain names, passing through the necessary regulation of advertising on social networks with an eye on the appearance of influencers and their growing importance within the sector. On the other hand, the introduction of Blockchain technology in the industry is analyzed, a moment that coincides with the rise in awareness of consumers who demand a cleaner and more sustainable industry. The Web 2.0 social phenomenon has also led the sector to protect its brands against the future "Metaverse" and against possible trademark infringements through third-party NFTs.

[gl] Analizaremos a influencia de internet dentro do sector téxtil, dende a vulneración das súas marcas por parte dos sistemas de busca (AdWords), metaetiquetas e nomes de dominio, pasando pola necesaria regulación da publicidade nas redes sociais coa mirada posta na aparición de influencers e a súa crecente importancia dentro do sector. Por outra banda, analízase a introdución da tecnoloxía Blockchain na industria, momento que coincide co aumento da concienciación dos consumidores que demandan unha industria máis limpa e sostible. O fenómeno social da Web 2.0 tamén levou ao sector a protexer as súas marcas fronte ao futuro "Metaverso" e fronte as posibles infraccións marcarias a través de NFT de terceiros.
[en] The following research explores the Passivhaus certification developed by the Passivhaus Institut, applying the PHPP 9 tool (Passivhaus Planning Program), in two buildings designed by the architect Alvar Aalto, in order to determine if it is possible to certify both houses and, at the same time, demonstrate in a practical way, the validity of the Passivhaus Standard as a method to reduce the energy demand for heating in reconditioned houses. To accomplish the objective, the work of the architect Alvar Aalto was explored first, then the climatic conditions of each location were defined, and then the Passivhaus Standard was applied to each home, obtaining different results that were then contrasted, and from which a series of conclusions were obtained. The difficulties that arose in the implementation of the Passivhaus Standard in each house were also assessed in order to determine whether they were originally designed with sustainable criteria.

[gl] O seguinte traballo de investigación explora a certificación Passivhaus desenvolvida polo Passivhaus Institut, aplicando a ferramenta PHPP 9 (Passivhaus Planning Program), en dous edificios deseñados polo arquitecto Alvar Aalto, co fin de determinar se é posible certificar ambas as casas e ao mesmo tempo demostrar, dun xeito práctico, a validez da norma Passivhaus como método para reducir a demanda de enerxía de calefacción nas casas rehabilitadas. Para iso, explórase primeiro o traballo do arquitecto Alvar Aalto, logo defínense as condicións climáticas de cada lugar e logo aplícase o estándar Passivhaus a cada casa, obtendo diferentes resultados que logo se contrastan e dos cales extraense unha serie de conclusións. Tamén se avalían as dificultades xurdidas na aplicación do estándar Passivhaus en cada fogar, para determinar se foron deseñadas orixinalmente con criterios sostibles.
[en] This research pretends to study the personal, family and professional conciliation carried out by women in an occupational sector with a male tradition such as the National Police Corp. With the main objective of understanding the motivations that lead women to enter this profession and specifically the influence that work-life balance has on their lives, numerous secondary objectives arise that are determined at examining the variables that may influence their decision. Through a prolific theoretical framework that brings together the contextualization of the problem to be investigated and, from the application of a qualitative methodology through 16 semi-structured interviews with workers and opponents of the Corp, suggestive results are obtained that suggest that this profession provides a stability that makes it posible to counteract the gender inequalities faced by women who have to reconcile both spheres.

[gl] O presente traballo de investigación pretende estudar a conciliación persoal, familiar e profesional que levan a cabo as mulleres nun sector ocupacional de tradición masculina como é o Corpo Nacional de Policía. Co obxectivo principal de comprender as motivación que levan as mulleres a entrar nesta profesión e en concreto a influencia que ten a conciliacón nas súas vidas, xorden numerosos obxectivos secundarios que se dirixen a examinar as variables que poder influír na súa decisión. A través dun prolífico masco teórico que acerca a contextualización da problemática a investigar e, a partir da aplicación dunha metodoloxía cualitativa mediante 16 entrevistas semiestructuradas a traballadoras e opositoras ao Corpo, obtéñense uns suxerentes resultados que apuntan a que esta profesión proporciona unha estabilidade que permite contrarrestar as desigualdades de xénero as que se enfrentan as mulleres que teñen compatibilizar ambas esferas.
[en] The following study is focused on the qualitative analysis of the migratory flows present between Galicia and Switzerland since the 60´s until nowadays, focusing on three temporary periods that correspond to the tipping points of departure of Galicians towards Switzerland: the 60s, the 80s and beginning of the 90s together with the current economic crisis that we are experiencing. This study has been achieved by using qualitative methodology applying it to the personal stories of those displaced individuals from a transnational and intergenerational point of view. Their migration projects have been monitored, as well as the feelings they had at the moment of departure, during their stay in the Helvetian country and their subsequent return and re-adapting to their country of origin.

[gl] O seguinte estudo centrase na análise cualitativa dos fluxos migratorios presentes entre Galicia e Suiza dende os anos 60 a actualidade, centrándonos en tres períodos temporais que corresponden aos puntos de inflexión da saída de galegos cara Suiza: anos 60, anos 80 e principios dos 90, e a actual crise económica. Mediante o uso da metodoloxía cualitativa centrada nos relatos dos protagonistas de estes desprazamentos e dende un punto de vista transnacional e interxeracional, se observou como foron os proxectos migratorios destos e como foron as súas experiencias na partida, a estancia no país helvético e o posterior retorno e readaptación.
[en] In this doctoral thesis a three-dimensional and two-dimensional numerical model for induced vibrations from railway tunnels is developed for slab track systems using finite element models formulated in the time domain, which is proposed as one simplified methodology 3D and 2D models. A theoretical analysis have been performed, where the most important geotechnical aspects have been studied when numerical models are used to study railway vibration problems in tunnels, such as soil constitutive model, elastic modulus of soil, soil damping, influence of water table and influence of the coefficient of earth pressure at rest. The developed model has been validated experimentally for a several number of real measurements both inside the tunnel and in the buildings affected, showing an acceptable accuracy when the real wheel load transmitted is applied, but showing significant differences when only quasi-static load is considerated. Finally and with the model experimentally validated, different measures for reducing vibration have been studied, applied both in the ground and in the railway track, analyzing their application and suitability.

[gl] Nesta tese desenvólvese un modelo numérico tridimensional e bidimensional para o estudo das vibracións causadas polo paso ferroviario en túneles con sistemas de vía en placa empregando modelos de elementos finitos formulados no dominio do tempo, onde se propón unha metodoloxía simplificada tanto para modelos 3D como 2D. Realizouse unha análise teórica onde se estudaron os principais aspectos xeotécnicos que son importantes cando son modelados numericamente problemas de vibracións ferroviarias en túneles, como: modelo constitutivo do comportamento do solo, módulo de elasticidade do solo, amortecemento do solo, influencia da posición da capa freática e influencia do coeficiente de presión do solo en repouso. O modelo desenvolvido validouse de xeito experimental por un gran número de medicións reais, tanto no interior do túnel como en edificacions afectadas, mostrando unha precisión aceptable cando se introduce a carga real transmitida por cada roda, pero que mostra diferenzas significativas cando só é aplicada a carga quasi-estática. Por último, e co modelo validado experimentalmente estudiaronse distintas medidas para reducir as vibracións, aplicadas tanto no solo como na propia vía, analizando a súa aplicación e adecuación.
[en] Biological invasions represent one of the main threats for biodiversity conservation. In spite of the effort conducted during the last years, the mechanisms underlying the processes of plant invasions remain unsolved. Some traits, as clonal integration, could promote the expansion of some plant invaders. The aim of this study is to determine if clonal integration (this is, the capacity for resource transport between connected ramets) increase the growth of the clonal invader Carpobrotus edulis. The results show that the capacity for clonal integration increases the growth of C. edulis, and therefore could contribute to the expansion of this aggressive invader. This study supports the idea that clonal traits could explain the success of some plant invasive species.

[gl] As invasións biolóxicas son unha das principais ameazas para a conservación da biodiversidade. A pesar dos avances dos últimos anos, todavía non están claros os mecanismos que subxacen no proceso invasor das plantas. Non obstante, algún atrbutos tales como a integración clonal, poderían favorecer á expansión de algúns invasores. O obxectivo de este traballo é determinar se a integración clonal (isto é, intercambio de recursos entre individuos conectados dun sistema clonal) incrementa o crecemento da especie clonal invasora Carpobrotus edulis. Os resultados amosan que a capacidade de integración clonal favorece o crecemento de C. edulis, e que polo tanto podería contribuir á expansión deste invasor agresivo. Este estudo apoia a idea de que os atributos clonais poderían explicar o éxito dalgunhas especies invasoras vexetais.
[en] In this experimental project the start-up of a hydraulic installation is carried out, and with it, the phenomenon of cavitation in both control valves and SRV (Safety Relief Valves) is studied. To do this, it is equipped with sensors, a data acquisition system and a framework to visualize the cavities. The study will focus on obtaining the curves of the valve hydraulic characteristics and how this phenomenon has affected them. Especially, the comparison between multiphasic and biphasic flow conditions, by a vacuum pump. Finally, the high speed camera will be used to extract conclusions about CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) verification and validation by a frequency analysis.

[gl] Neste proxecto experimental lévase a cabo a posta en marcha dunha instalación hidraúlica, e con ela, estúdase o fenómeno da cavitación en válvulas tanto de control coma SRV (Safety Relief Valves). Para iso, dótase de sensores, dun sistema de adquisición de datos e unha disposición para realizar visualizacións das cavidades. O estudo centrarase en obter as curvas das características hidráulicas da válvula e como este fenómeno afecta nelas. Especialmente, a comparación entre as condicións de fluxos multifásicos e bifásicos, coa axuda dunha bomba de baleiro. Por último, utilizarase a cámara de alta velocidade para obter conclusións acerca da validación de CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) mediante un análise de frecuencia.
[en] The main objective of this thesis concerns to the modelling, mathematical analysis and numerical solution of partial diﬀerential equations (PDEs) models for pricing renewable energy certiﬁcates (RECs) and associated derivatives products. In the modelling, the price of the REC plays a relevant role. A non-linear PDE model with two stochastic factors is proposed. The stochastic factors are the accumulated green certiﬁcates and the renewable electricity generation rate. One novelty of this thesis comes from the numerical treatment of the non-linear convective term in the PDE. In order to solve the obtained linearized problem, semi-Lagrangian schemes in time combined with ﬁnite diﬀerences discretizations, or alternative Lagrange-Galerkin methods are proposed. An equivalent methodology has been used for the valuation of the REC derivatives to obtain a linear PDE model once the REC price is known. Existence of solution is obtained in this setting. The application to the pricing of European options and futures on RECs is addressed. Finally, we show illustrative results of the performance of the models and numerical methods that have been implemented.

[gl] O obxectivo principal desta tese céntrase na modelaxe, análise matemática e resolución numérica de problemas de ecuacións en derivadas parciais (EDPs) para a ﬁxación de prezos de certiﬁcados de enerxía renovable (RECs, polas súas siglas en inglés) e produtos derivados asociados. Na modelaxe, o prezo do REC xoga un papel importante. Proponse un modelo de EDP non lineal con dous factores estocásticos. Os factores estocásticos son os certiﬁcados verdes acumulados e a taxa de xeración de enerxía renovable. Unha novidade desta tese é o tratamento numérico do término convectivo non lineal na EDP. Para resolver o problema linealizado obtido, propóñense esquemas de semi-Lagrange en tempo conxugados con diferenzas ﬁnitas, ou m´etodos alternativos de Lagrange-Galerkin. Utilizouse unha metodoloxía semellante para a valoración dos derivados de REC para obter un modelo de EDP lineal unha vez coñecido o prezo do REC. A existencia de solución obtense neste escenario. Abórdase a ﬁxación de prezos de opcións europeas e futuros sobre RECs. Finalmente, móstranse os resultados do comportamento dos modelos e dos métodos numéricos implementados.
[en] In Galicia, forestland represents approximately 2/3 of the total area. Its high productivity provides significant amounts of phytomass, often unmarketable and capable of being valued. As they are predominantly materials with a high C proportion, their participation in composting was evaluated by adding pig slurry, acting as water and N vector, to boost the process. In addition, sludge resulting from the manufacture of medium density fiberboard (MDF) as a co-composting additive was integrated for the first time. Studies were extended with the evaluation of biomethane production from anaerobic sludge digestion and raw wastewater resulting from the MDF tableboard industry. The results obtained confirm its suitability to be transformed by the two techniques (composting and anaerobic digestion), underlining the factors to be taken into account to improve the efficiency of the processes. The research aimed to find synergies between different waste streams in the Galician agroforestry sector. The benefits achieved would be translated into a different management route to the direct application to the soil of liquid livestock dejections, the recovery of forest industry wastes and the reduction of forest phytomass in the Galician forestalnd in order to reduce the risk of wildfires.

[gl] En Galicia o uso forestal representa aproximadamente 2/3 da superficie total. A súa elevada produtividade ocasiona importantes cantidades fitomasa, en moitas ocasións sen valor comercial e susceptible de ser valorizada. Ao tratárense de materiais cunha elevada proporción de C, avaliouse a súa participación en compostaxe engadindo xurro de gando porcino, vector de auga e N, para impulsar o proceso. Ademais integráronse por primeira vez lodos resultantes da fabricación de taboleiros de fibra de media densidade (MDF) como aditivo a co-compostar. Os estudos ampliáronse coa avaliación de produción de biometano a partires da dixestión anaerobia destes lodos e das augas de proceso da industria de taboleiros MDF. Os resultados acadados confirman a súa aptitude para seren transformados baixo as dúas técnicas (compostaxe e dixestión anaerobia) , subliñando factores a ter en conta para mellorar a eficiencia dos procesos. A investigación procurou a búsqueda de sinerxías entre distintos fluxos de residuos do sector agrogandeiro galego. Os beneficios acadados traduciríanse nunha vía de xestión distinta á aplicación directa ao solo das dexeccións gandeiras líquidas, da valorización dos residuos da industria forestal, e unha redución do combustible no monte co gallo de reducir o risco de incendio forestal.