[en] This article examines living spaces in a border context at the heart of the Basque Country, divided by the French-Spanish border. It draws on an action-research project led by three local organizations: the Conseil de Développement du Pays Basque, an association with more than 400 members from the civil society of Northern Basque Country; the Cederna-Garalur association, which serves as a development agency in the northern valleys of Navarre; and the Universidad del País Vasco, particularly a team of anthropologist researchers from the university. This project, titled Mugalur, is funded by the NAEN Euroregion. It involved seven participatory workshops in seven border towns, with residents from both sides of the border. These 124 participants were asked to create sensitive maps by drawing their living spaces on base maps, then exchange and question their daily practices in this border context. The article interrogates ways of living and the various territorialities that emerge in a contradictory border context from this creative mapping material: on one hand, a "disappeared" border within the Schengen Area, and on the other, a sense of reduced cross-border relations. How can this feeling be explained, when connections beyond the border seem to be allowed and even encouraged by institutions?Drawing on a methodology that combines spatial anthropology and border studies –in other words, with a constructivist approach to the notion of borders – this text presents cross-border daily practices as lived by cross-border people. Using Lefebvre's theory of space, the collected data is analyzed through the concepts of perceived, lived, and appreciated spaces. It seems that crossing the border in the Basque Country is primarily expressed through consumption and leisure practices: therefore, the perceived space, is a space of proximity benefiting from the differential the border allows in terms of price and availability. By questioning the notion of "crossborder" in the Basque case and focusing on the lived space based on attachments to places and emotional dimensions, more fluid and diverse territorialities emerge, nevertheless. These territories come into conflict with conceived spaces which struggle to detach themselves from the actual administrative and state boundaries. Thinking about the conceived space beyond borders would likely be an European ideal that is far from being achieved in this case. Finally, the matter of relational spaces emphasizes the different ways for people to interconnect, depending on how they experience space. This question also reflects various ways of experiencing a border in an European context today.Thus, considering how people perceive, live and appreciate spaces and considering the multiplicity of border experiences, this text reveals the complexity of living spaces and the dynamic capacity to create boundaries and territories in a logic of (de)bordering. These different forms of spaces coexist and shape cross-border relations, which should not be seen merely as a relationship between two entities on either side of the international border, but as a relational network that dynamically draws multiple borders. The main contribution of this text lies in the exploration of lived spaces and territorial appropriations that reflect the tensions between the cultural unity of the Basque Country, which disregards the border between two states, and the relationship to otherness in relation to the formation of multiple borders.

[fr] Cet article interroge les espaces de vie dans un contexte frontalier au cœur du Pays Basque divisé par la frontière franco-espagnole. Il s'appuie sur un projet de recherche-action porté par trois structures du territoire (le Conseil de Développement du Pays Basque, l'association Cederna-Garalur et l'Universidad del País Vasco) et financé par l'Eurorégion NAEN, intitulé Mugalur. Il consistait à organiser sept ateliers participatifs dans sept localités frontalières différentes en y invitant les habitants de proximité des deux côtés de la frontière. Pendant ces ateliers de cartographie sensible, les participants étaient invités à dessiner leurs espaces de vie sur des cartes, puis à échanger et questionner leurs pratiques quotidiennes dans ce contexte frontalier. C'est à partir de ce matériau que l'article interroge les façons d'habiter et les diverses territorialités qui se dessinent dans un contexte contradictoire de frontière " effacée " dans le cadre de l'espace Schengen d'un côté, et un sentiment de diminution de relations transfrontalières de l'autre. En s'appuyant sur une démarche d'une anthropologie de l'espace, ce texte rend compte de pratiques quotidiennes transfrontalières perçues qui concernent avant tout les achats et les loisirs. En remettant en question la notion de " transfrontalier " dans le cas basque et en portant une attention à l'espace vécu à partir des attachements aux lieux et à la dimension émotionnelle, des territorialités plus mouvantes et diverses émergent qui entrent en contradiction avec les espaces conçus. Enfin, la question des espaces relationnels permet de souligner les différentes modalités de se mettre en lien selon les perceptions et les vécus de l'espace. Cette question rend également compte de différentes façons de faire l'expérience d'une frontière dans un contexte européen aujourd'hui.