[en] Background The luxation of shoulder includes 50% of total of luxations attended in the urgency services, being 90% of the same ones, anterior luxations. The incident increased of notable from in the last decades, coinciding with the generalization of the playful activities. There are two possible forms of treatment: the conservative treatment or the surgery of stabilization. Objective The aim of this study is the comparison between the effects of the conservative treatment with the surgical treatment in patients from 16 to 40 years old diagnosed of anterior shoulder instability. Methods A clinical randomized trial with external blind evaluation by third parties. A sample of 38 patients obtained through of the Galician Service of Health will be divided in two groups of the same sample size. The first group will recive acconservative treatment (A group) and the second one a surgical treatment (B group). The treatment for the A group will consist in a 16 weeks program, combining manual therapy with active work supervised by a physical therapist. Three weekly meetings of an hour of duration will be held per week. The group B will undergo surgery and later rehabilitation conducted by the pertinent orthopedic surgeon. All the participants will be valued to the beginning of the treatment, at the end of the same one and it will do a follow-up in 6, 12, 18 and 24 later months. The main varaible in the analysis will be the recurrence of dislocation post-treatment, but the objective instability, persistent pain, shoulder funcionality, time of returning at the level of activity before the injury will be also evaluated. The information between groups will be analyzed by means of Stdudent's T test for independent samplesand, case of binary variables (anterior instability test), the proportion of the event for each group will be compared by means of the Z test, and/or the independence will be contrasted through the exact Fisher Test or Chi-square Test.

[gl] Introdución A luxación de ombro abarca o 50% do total de luxacións atendidas nos servicios de urxencia, sendo o 90% das mesmas, luxacións anteriores. A incidencia aumentou de forma notable nas últimas décadas, coincidindo coa xeralización das actividades lúdicas. Existen dúas posibles formas de tratamento; a forma conservadora ou a ciruxía de estabilización. Obxectivo Comparar os efectos da intervención conservadora en contraposición co tratamento quirúrxico en persoas entre 16 e 40 anos con diagnóstico médico de inestabilidade anterior de ombro. Material e método Plantéxase un ensaio clínico aleatorizado (ECA) a cego por terceiros. Dividirase a mostra de 38 pacientes obtidos do Servicio Galego de Saúde (SERGAS) en dous grupos de 19 persoas, de maneira que un deles recibirá tratamento conservador (grupo A) e outro quirúrxico (grupo B). O grupo A recibirá un total de 16 semanas de tratamento, combinando terapia manual con traballo activo supervisado por un fisioterapeuta. Realizaranse 3 sesións semanais dunha hora de duración. O grupo B someterase a unha intervención quirúrxica e posterior rehabilitación pautada polo traumatólogo pertinente. Todos os participantes serán valorados ao comezo do tratamento, ao final do mesmo e farase un seguimento nos 6, 12, 18 e 24 meses posteriores. A principal variable a analizar serán as recidivas post-tratamento, pero tamén se avaliará a inestabilidade obxectiva, dor persistente, funcionalidade do ombro, tempo de incorporación ao nivel de actividade diaria e/ou deportiva previo á lesión. Os datos serán analizados mediante o software estadístico SPSS, comparándose os efectos dos tratamentos mediante a proba T de Stdudent para mostras independentes, e no caso de que as variables teñan valores binarios (test de inestabilidade anterior de ombro), calcularase a proporción do evento para cada grupo e estudarase a existencia de diferenzas significativas entre ambas mediante a puntuación Z, e/ou a independencia a través do test exacto de Fisher e a proba Chi-cuadrado.