[en] This dissertation focuses on obtaining hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (HOIPs) that were used as precursors to obtain carbon nanotubes embedded with metal nanoparticles (M@CNTs). The different obtained materials were compositionally, structurally and morphologically characterised using a wide variety of techniques. The ability of M@CNTs to store energy in a supercapacitor was also analysed. To achieve the objectives proposed in this work, the following steps were carried out: First, 9 HOIPs were successfully synthesised using a simple method and with formulae [TPrA][M(dca)3] (where M= Ni2+, Co2+ or a 0,5:0,5 mixture of both) and [Pr3NCH2X][M(dca)3] (where M= Ni2+ or Co2+). Most of these HOIPs were synthesised for the first time in this work. In addition, the salts of the cations [Pr3NCH2X]+ (where X= Cl-, Br- or I-) are not commercially available so these reagents had to be prepared from commercial reagents. The obtained HOIPs were calcined at 900°C in an inert N2 atmosphere to obtain nanostructured materials formed by magnetic Co or Ni nanoparticles embedded in a carbon material (in most cases carbon nanotubes). The materials obtained in this work were compositionally, structurally and morphologically characterised using a wide variety of techniques, such as nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis (BET), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Finally, a supercapacitor was built using Ni@CNTs as electrodes and a 1M aqueous solution of Na2SO4 as electrolyte, confirming that the obtained nanomaterial has the suitable characteristics to be used as electrode in supercapacitors and as anode in Na+ batteries.

[gl] O presente traballo de fin de grao focalizase na obtención de perovskitas híbridas orgánico-inorgánicas (HOIPs), que se empregaron coma precursores para obter nanotubos de carbono con nanopartículas metálicas embebidas (M@CNTs). Os diferentes materiais obtidos foron caracterizados composicional, estrutural e morfoloxicamente empregando unha ampla variade de técnicas. Tamén se analizou a capacidade dos M@CNTs para almacenar enerxía nun supercondensador. Co fin de acadar os obxectivos propostos neste traballo, realizáronse as seguintes etapas: En primeiro lugar, lográronse sintetizar con éxito 9 HOIPs cun método sinxelo e con fórmulas [TPrA][M(dca)3] (onde M= Ni2+, Co2+ ou unha mestura 0,5:0,5 de ambos) e [Pr3NCH2X][M(dca)3] (onde M= Ni2+ ou Co2+). A maioría destas HOIPs sintetizáronse por primeira vez neste traballo. Ademais, as sales dos catións [Pr3NCH2X]+ (sendo X= Cl-, Br- ou I-) non están dispoñibles comercialmente polo estes reactivos tivéronse que preparar a partires de reactivos comerciais. As HOIPs obtidas calcináronse a 900°C en atmosfera inerte de N2 obténdose materiais nanoestruturados formados por nanopartículas magnéticas de Co ou Ni que se atopaban embebidas nun material carbonoso (na maioría dos casos nanotubos de carbono). Os materiais obtidos neste traballo foron caracterizados composicional, estrutural e morfoloxicamente empregando espectroscopía por resonancia magnética nuclear (RMN), difracción de raios X de po (PXRD), análise Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), análise termogravimétrico (TGA), microscopía electrónica de transmisión (TEM), microscopía electrónica de varrido (SEM) e microscopía de forzas atómicas (AFM). Finalmente, construíuse un supercondensador usando Ni@CNTs como eléctrodos e unha disolución acuosa 1M de Na2SO4 como electrólito, confirmando que o nanomaterial obtido ten as características axeitadas para ser empregado como eléctrodo en supercondensadores e como ánodo en baterías de Na+.