BSC-LT/ACAData huggingface dataset:
[en] In the environment of primary education and within inclusive schools, it is important to know about the different students we can find. Students with High Intellectual Abilities (HIA) are often said to struggle in the social aspects of school. In fact, most of the methods applied in the educational field are oriented to respond to the academic dimension, outside of the social sphere. Accordingly, the objective of this study will be to analyze the social situation of a student with High Intellectual Abilities (HIA). The analysis of the HIA student will be performed using dialogue and a sociogram to analyze his social situation. As shown in the results, the student has no relationship problems with his colleagues, and we can conclude that socialization problems do not go hand in hand with the HIA condition.

[eu] Lehen Hezkuntzako irakasle izango naizen heinean, eta eskola inklusiboaren barne, garrantzitsua da aurki ditzakegun ikasle desberdinei buruzko ezagutzak edukitzea. Gaitasun Handiko ikasleek (GHI) esparru sozialean arazoak izaten dituztela esan ohi da. Gainera, hezkuntza arloan aplikatzen diren metodo gehienak alderdi akademikoari erantzuna ematera bideratuta daude, eremu soziala alde batera utziz. Hori dela eta, lan honen helburua GHI baten eremu soziala aztertzea izango da. Horretarako, GH ikasle baten kasu azterketa egingo da, elkarrizketa eta soziograma erabiliz, honen egoera soziala aztertzeko. Emaitzetan ikusten den bezala, GH ikasleak ez du beste ikaskideekin harremantzeko arazorik, eta ondoriozta dezakegu, sozializatzeko arazo horiek ez doazela GHI izateren eskutik.
[en] In this work the author makes an analysis about society and penitentiary world, so that he discusses some aspects such as penal process, penalty and prison; he finishes talking about fundamental rigths in prison.

[eu] Egileak gizarte eta presondegi munduari buruzko analisia egiten du, horretarako prozesu penala, pena eta gartzela bezalako atalak tratatzen ditu; "oinarrizko eskubideak gartzelan" gaiarekin bere agerpena bukatzeko.
[en] Summary Goierri has always been considered as a very strong basque-speaking area, becoming extremely important for the language. However, because of some factors that appeared from the 50th decade, this situation has been dramatically changed. Initially, Spanish migration and the lack of interest and protection for small languages caused the Hispanicisation of Goierri. Nevertheless, its inhabitants react in the 60th decade and gave to the region´s language the opportunity to keep alive. Since then, lots of people have studied or are studying Basque, but actually people from Goierri don't use the language as much as it was used before the 50th decade.

[eu] Goierri oso gune euskalduntzat eta euskararen arnasgunetzat hartu izan da betidanik. Uste hau ez da guztiz okerra 50. hamarkada baino lehenagoko Goierriri buruz ari bagara, baina urte haietatik gaur arte bertan izandako hainbat eragilek nabarmen aldarazi dute bertako egoera. Hasieran, immigrazioek eta diktaduraren eskutik hizkuntza gutxituentzako babesik ezak, asko erdaldundu zuten eskualdea. Honen aurrean, 60ko hamarkadan euskaldunek izandako erreakzioak, ordea, Goierriko euskarari bizirik jarraitzeko aukera eskaini zion eta gaur arte etengabekoa izan da bertan euskaraz ikasi dutenen kopurua. Dena den, ezagutzaren gorakadak ez du erabilera berarekin ekarri eta, badirudi, Goierriko euskarak nahiz euskaldunek aurreko egoera hark utzitako aztarnak ezabatu ezinik jarraitzen dutela oraindik.
[en] In this era of Industry 4.0, customer demand for product customization has led to more flexible manufacturing processes. For this reason, advances in Industry 4.0 technologies have led to the concept of the Digital Twin gaining recognition within the manufacturing industry. It can be defined as virtual replicas of real processes and/or machines that simulate their behaviour. With technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), they make it possible to model Digital Twins to simulate assets in real time and increase the efficiency of industrial processes. In this sense, this document presents the methodology carried out for the virtual and real modelling and implementation of the Digital Twin of a flexible robotic cell within an intelligent environment. The steps followed for the Twin modelling performed in the Tecnomatix Process Simulate V16.0.1 engineering tool are described. Subsequently, the design of the control program and the HMI interface as a supervision system are detailed. Afterwards, a debugging of the programs and the Twin is carried out by means of the virtual commissioning with the distributed Software in the Loop (SiL) architecture. Once the correct operation has been verified in a virtual way, the real commissioning of one of the stations of the cell is carried out.

[eu] Industria 4.0-ren garai honetan, produktuak pertsonalizatzeagatik bezeroek egiten duten eskariak eragin du fabrikazio-prozesuak malguagoak izatea. Hori dela eta, Industria 4.0 teknologietan izandako aurrerapenen ondorioz, Biki Digitalaren kontzeptua manufaktura-industriaren barruan aintzatespena hartzen joan da. Prozesuen edota makina errealen portaera simulatzen duten erreplika birtualak dira. Gauzen Internet (IoT) bezalako teknologiekin Biki Digitalak modelatzea ahalbidetzen dute denbora errealeko aktiboak simulatzeko eta prozesu industrialen eraginkortasuna handitzeko. Zentzu honetan, dokumentu honek inguru adimentsu baten barnean robotizatutako zelula malgu baten Biki Digitalaren modelatze eta honen inplementazio birtual eta errealerako gauzatutako metodologia aurkezten du. Tecnomatix Process Simulate V16.0.1 ingeniaritza-tresnan egindako Bikia modelatzeko jarraitu diren urratsak deskribatzen dira. Ondoren, kontrol-programaren diseinua eta HMI interfazea gainbegiratze-sistema gisa zehazten dira. Ondoren, programak eta Bikia araztu egiten dira, Software in the Loop (SiL) arkitektura banatuarekin modu birtualean martxan jarriz. Modu birtualean behar bezala funtzionatzen duela egiaztatu ondoren, zelularen estazioetako bat errealitatean martxan jartzen da.
[en] The primary aim of this study is to analyse the five-year survival rate of newly created companies. Such companies usually encounter various difficulties soon after their birth in order to remind operational over time. Factors such as size, company sector, location and founding date have a significant impact on a company's survival, with some managing to remain in operation while others fail. To conduct the analysis, data from Eurostat business demography website has been built, with databases for 48 distinct types of companies selected. After defining the model, an econometric analysis has been done using Gretl software, with comments on the results provided.

[eu] Lan honen helburu nagusia, enpresa sortu berrien bost urteko biziraupen tasa aztertzea da. Izan ere, jaio eta berehala zailtasun ugariei aurre egin behar diete negozio hauek denboran zehar bizirik iraun ahal izateko. Tamaina, enpresaren sektorea, kokapena edo sortu den urtean bezalako faktoreek izugarrizko eragina izaten dute enpresen biziraupenean, batzuek, bizirik mantentzea lortzen duten bitartean, beste zenbaitek bidean gelditzen direlarik. Azterketa horretarako, Eurostat business demography webgunetik ateratako datuak erabili dira, non 48 enpresa mota ezberdinen datu-base bat eraiki den. Eredua zehaztu, eta Gretl softwarea erabiliz, horren inguruko analisi ekonometrikoa egin da, baita ezarritako ereduarekin lortu diren emaitzak komentatu ere.
[en] This work carries out an analysis of the different jurisprudential lines applied when sanctioning irregular stay in accordance with Spanish law. The recent STS 1181/2021, of March 17th, marks a new milestone in the debate born as a result of the controversial "Zaizoune" sentence of CJEU, in so far as it prohibits punishing in any way, including fines, third-country nationals who are in irregular situation when there are no negative circumstances or facts against them. This decision puts pause, but not end, to the discussion on whether the penalizing system provided by the Organic Law on Foreign Affairs is compatible with the Return Directive, since it remains pending that the CJEU deliver again on the issue. Not only that, but the pronouncement raises different unknowns that only time will solve. In any case, it is clear that the solution to this long-standing legal dispute requires the intervention of the legislator.

[eu] Lan honetan, Espainiako zuzenbidearen arabera egonaldi irregularra zigortzeko aplikatu diren jurisprudentzia-ildoak aztertzen dira. Auzitegi Goreneko 1181/2021 epaiak, martxoaren 17an, mugarri berria ezarri du EBJA-ren Zaizoune epai polemikoak sortutako eztabaidaren ondorioz; izan ere, egoera irregularrean dauden hirugarren herrialdeetako nazionalei ezingo zaie zigortu, ezta isun bidez ere, haien kontra zirkunstantzia edo gertaera negatiborik egon ezean. Erabaki honek Atzerritarrei buruzko Lege Organikoan ezarritako zehapen-sistema Itzulerako Direktibarekin bateragarria ote deneko eztabaidari pausa jarri dio, amaiera ez ordea, EBJAk berriz ere bere iritzia emango baitu gai honi buruz. Are gehiago, pronuntziamenduak denborak bakarrik ebatziko dituen ezezagun desberdinak sortzen ditu. Nolanahi ere, argi dago legegilearen esku-hartzea behar dela eztabaida juridiko luze hau konpontzeko.
[en] In Saint Michael´s church, in Irura, one of the most interesting altarpieces of the Renaissance in Gipuzkoa is located. The altar includes romanist style high quality relieves and carvings in a mannerist architecture. The work was carried out in the late XVIth Century by the artists Pedro de Goicoechea and Jerónimo de Larrea, members of the workshop of Tolosa, following the design of the sculptor Juan de Goicoechea.

[eu] Irurako San Migel Goiangeruaren elizan, Gipuzkoako Berpizkundeko erretaularik interesgarrienetariko bat aurkitzen dugu. Aldarea, arkitektura aldetik manierista estilokoa, kalitate handiko erliebe eta eskultura erromanistaz hornitzen da. Tolosako tailerreko Pedro Goikoetxeak eta Jeronimo Larreak XVI. mendeko azken urteetan landu zuten, Juan Goikoetxeak egindako traza jarraituz.
[en] In the last years, especially tissue-engineering that is inside of the regenerative medicine, has had a great development. One of the main challenges in tissue-engineering is the development of biomimetic surfaces that promote selective adhesion of cells while promoting specific responses, including cell orientation and differentiation. In this way, micropatterning is a versatile approach to obtain such surfaces to use for example, in microsensors, in cell cultures in vitro or in implants surfaces. In the present work, we have fabricated biocompatible micropatterns with three different geometries (lines, grids and dots) to control the cell adhesion and we have used a technology of additive manufacturing called FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) to fabricate them. Besides, we followed two lines of research: on the one hand, we printed a positive polymer in a negative substrate and on the other hand, we printed a negative polymer in a positive substrate. In both cases in the positive area the cells will adhere and in the negative no. In this way, we studied the adhesion of cells into the substrates and the influence of the micropatterns geometry in the cell morphology.

[eu] Azken hamarkadetan, birsortze-medikuntzaren barnean ehun-ingeniaritzak garapen handia izan du eta arlo honetan, biobateragarriak diren eta zelulen itsaspen selektiboa baimentzen duten gainazalak oso desiragarriak izan daitezke zenbait aplikazio ezberdinetarako. Hala, mikrotxantiloien bidez, azalera oso konkretuetan zelulentzat ingurune egokiak defini daitezke, honen aplikazio izan daitezkeelarik, esaterako, biosentsoreak, ehun-ingeniaritzarako in vitro eginiko kultibo zelularrak edo inplanteen gainazal egokiak sortzea. Lan honetan, zehazki, hiru mikrotxantiloi geometria ezberdin (artekatutako zutabeak, sareak eta irloteak) sortu dira, hauek zelulen hazkunde kontrolatua eta bideratua baimendu ditzaketelarik, substratu konkretu baten gainean. Mikrotxantiloi biobateragarri hauek 3D inprimagailu baten bidez ekoitzi dira, FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) delako fabrikazio gehigarriko teknologia erabiliz eta honetarako bi bide nagusi jorratu dira: batetik, substratu negatibo baten gainean (bertan zelulak itsasten ez direlarik), polimero positibo bat inprimatu da zelulak bertan ezartzeko eta bestetik, substratu positibo batean gainean, txantiloi negatibo bat sortu da, zelulak zati positiboan soilik itsasteko. Honela, zonalde positiboetan zelulen itsasgarritasuna aztertu da eta zelulen morfologian txantiloien itxurak eraginik duen baloratu da.
[en] Two different electronic differentials are designed in this project, as well as a vehicle model to allow checking for its validity. Both methods have been programmed in LabView2013, same as the model, to be able to perform a series of simulations to validate these designs. The results obtained by both differentials are satisfactory and they could be used interchangeably. The performed study offers a starting point for more complex simulations, as well as a previous step to implementing these differential models in real cars.

[eu] Proiektu honetan diferentzial elektronikoen bi diseinu azaltzen dira hala nola ibilgailu baten eredua, proiektuaren baliogarritasuna frogatzeko asmoz. LabView2013 bitartez egin da modeloen programazioa eta simulazioen bitartez egindako diseinuak balioztatu dira. Lortutako emaitzak egokiak izan dira; beraz, diferentzial bietatik edozein erabili daiteke. Egindako azterketa aurrerantzean egingo diren simulazio konplexuagoentzat oinarri da. Halaber, proiektu honek ibilgailu errealetan eredu diferentzial hauek integratzea ahalbidetuko du.
[en] Violence against women is a structural problem worldwide. Thus, in recent decades, states have created various international legal tools to try to protect women's human rights. It is important to analyse the impact of these international legal instruments and, in particular, a regional court ruling - the Inter-American Court of Human Rights - on a state's domestic policies and legislation. To this end, we have limited our field of study to Ciudad Juárez, a Mexican city that is a paradigmatic example of violence against women. As the central axis of the work, we have analysed the emblematic judgement of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights in 2009, which established Mexico's international responsibility for the disappearance and death of three women. The judgment also established reforms, public policies and prevention programmes. Did the judgment and the international process have a real impact on domestic legislation?

[eu] Emakumeen aurkako indarkeria mundu mailako egiturazko arazoa dugu. Horrela azken hamarkadotan Estatuek zenbait nazioarteko tresna juridiko sortu dituzte emakumeen giza eskubideak babesteko asmoz. Beraz, lan honek Nazioarteko tresnek eta bereziki eskualdeko Gorte baten ebazpenak —Giza Eskubideen Gorte Interamerikarra— barneko politiketan eta legedian izan duten eragina aztertzen du. Horretarako, gure ikerketa mugatu dugu eta Ciudad Juárez hiria hartu dugu erreferentzia puntu bezala. Mexikoko emakumeen aurkako indarkeriaren leku paradigmatikoa dugu. 2009an Giza Eskubideen Gorte Interamerikarraren epaiak hiru emakume desagertu eta hiltzeko arduradun gisa Mexikoko Estatua kondenatu zuen. Epai hau dugu ardatz lan honetan. Gorteak epaian erreformak, prebentzio- eta arreta-programak eta politika publikoak ezarri zituen. Benetako eragina izan zuen sententziak eta nazioarteko prozesuak barne legerian?
[en] The behavior and management of spaces, materials and educators, are key elements in the teaching processes of children, and specifically in Early Childhood Education. A good organization adapted to the characteristics and needs of children, will be useful in their autonomous development. The main objective of this work has been to analyze three elements (space, materials and behavior of the educator) in different classrooms of two years. For this, it has been used the observation methodology, and the research has been done in four classrooms of different structures. In the obtained results, three types of structures for spatial planning have been detected, different materials that can be offered in classrooms of two years have been identified and, finally, several behavior patterns of educators have been defined.

[eu] Espazioek, materialek, eta hezitzaileek duten jokabidea eta kudeaketa, funtsezko elementuak dira umeen irakaskuntza prozesuetan, eta zehazki Haur Hezkuntzako etapan. Umeen ezaugarri eta beharretara egokitutako antolaketa egoki bat honen garapen autonomoan lagungarria izango da. Lan honen helburu nagusia hiru elementu hauek (espazioa, materialak eta hezitzailearen jokabidea) haur hezkuntzako bi urteko gela ezberdinetan aztertzea izan da. Horretarako behaketa metodologia erabili da eta lau ikasgela ezberdinetan burutu da ikerketa. Lortutako emaitzetan, espazioa antolatzeko hiru egitura mota antzeman dira, bi urteko ikasgeletan eskaini daitezkeen material ezberdinak identifikatu dira, eta azkenik hezitzaileek jarraitzen dituzten hainbat jokabide patroi zehaztu dira.
[en] The current project attempts to design measure and manufacture a racing quadcopter, that is, a four-propeller multirotor, able to compete against others of its same class.

[eu] Hemen aurkezten den proiektua lazterketarako quadcopter bat diseinatzen, nehurritzen eta fabrikatzen saiatzen da, hau da, lau helizes osatutako multi-errotore bat, bere parekoen aurka lehiatzeko gai dena.
[en] The main aim of this work is to analyze if it is possible to implementing cogeneration in an appliance factory with the objective of supplying energy. For that, the production process of the washing machine manufacturing has been studied and, thus, its operation. In addition, it is essential to know the energy needs of the plant, both thermal and electrical, and the characteristics such as the available space and its location. It is observed the following: the main cogeneration equipment that best adapts to the thermal needs is an alternative internal combustion engine. Once this equipment has been chosen, the necessary calculations are carried out to determine the operating status and, in turn, an economic study. Idioma: inglés

[eu] Etxetresna elektrikoko fabrika bat energiaz hornitzeko helburuarekin, kogenerazioa ezartzea posible den aztertuko da. Horretarako, bertako funtzionamendua ezagutzeko asmoz, garbigailuak ekoiztearen prozesu produktiboa ikertu da. Gainera, fabrikak dituen energia beharrizanak jakitea ezinbestekoa da, bai termikoak zein elektrikoak, baita bertako espazio erabilgarria eta kokalekua ere. Erreparatu daitekeenez, beharrizan termikoei egokien moldatzen zaien oinarrizko ekipoa barne errekuntzako aldizkako motorra da. Behin ekipo hau hautaturik, fabrikaren funtzionamendu egoera ezagutzeko beharrezko kalkuluak garatzen dira eta era berean azterketa ekonomikoa ere aurrera eramaten da. Idioma: euskera
[en] This paper explores the potential outcomes of using ICTs for Foreign Language Learning in a primary school, along with fostering the development of the digital competence as regulated in the European Framework. A student-created podcast project was implemented, following a task-based approach aiming to improve communicative language aspects through fostering interaction and collaboration. The methods for collecting the data were an observation chart to analyse improvements on pronunciation and intonation, an observation chart to measure the development of digital competence manifested throughout the process, and a questionnaire to obtain students' perceptions regarding motivational aspects of the project. Results indicated that students improved in pronunciation and intonation through repeated recording of the podcast, applying implicit and explicit feedback. In addition, most students felt motivated towards the project, with gender differences mostly regarding self-confidence and perceived usefulness. The project contributed on the development of the digital competence at a basic level. However, further research is needed due to the limited sample size to draw firmer conclusions on the topic.

[eu] Artikulu honek lehen hezkuntzako ikastetxe batean atzerriko hizkuntzak ikasteko IKTeen erabileraren balizko emaitzak aztertzen ditu, Europako Esparruan araututako gaitasun digitalaren garapenaren baitan. Ikerketarako, zereginetan oinarritutako ikaskuntza-ikuspegiari jarraituz, ikasleek sortutako podcast bat baliatu zen, hizkuntzaren komunikazio-alderdiak hobetzeko asmotan, ikasleen arteko elkarrekintza eta lankidetza sustatuz. Datu bilketan hiru meto erabii dira: ahoskeran eta intonazioan hobekuntzak aztertzeko behaketa-taula, prozesuan zehar adierazitako gaitasun digitalaren garapena neurtzeko behaketa-taula eta proiektuaren motibazio-alderdien inguruan ikasleen pertzepzioak neurtzen dituen galdetegia. Emaitzen arabera, ahoskera eta intonazioa hobetu zuten ikasleek, podcasta behin eta berriz grabatuz, atzeraeragin inplizitu eta esplizituaren arabera. Gainera, ikasle gehienak proiektuarekiko motibatuta sentitu ziren, eta genero-desberdintasunak izan zituzten, batez ere beren buruarekiko konfiantzari eta proiektuaren erabilgarritasunari dagokienez. Proiektuak, maila apalean bada ere, gaitasun digitala garatzen lagundu zuen. Hala ere, laginaren tamaina mugatua dela eta, ikertzen jarraitu behar da gaiari buruzko ondorio irmoagoak ateratzeko.
[en] This project aims to highlight the problems that exist around the normalization of questionable conduct within documents and provide the essential notions in the matter that citizens in general should have, and especially, professionals within the legal field. For this purpose, an overview of insincere demeanor is offered together with some of the methods used to identify possible disingenuous actions, accompanied by the presentation of some examples that help to correctly understand the explanations. Throughout this investigation a reflection is suggested taking a multidimensional approach considering three perspectives: the legal, the social and the one that corresponds to individual responsibility. Finally, some illustrious cases are presented, which are expected to stimulate awareness about the complexity of the issue that concerns us in this field.

[eu] Lan honen bidez, dokumentuetan jokabide faltsuen normalizazioaren inguruan dauden arazoak agerian utzi nahi dira, bai eta herritarrek, eta, bereziki, esparru juridikoko profesionalek, oro har, gai horretan izan beharko lituzketen funtsezko nozioak ere. Helburu horrekin, jokabide faltsuen ikuspegi orokorra ematen da, dokumentua aztertzeko erabilitako metodoetako batzuekin batera, eta azalpenak behar bezala ulertzen lagunduko duten adibide adierazgarriak ere eskaitzen dira. Lan honek hausnarketa hirukoitza iradokitzen du ikuspegi juridiko, sozial eta indibidualetik abiatuta. Amaieran, kasu adierazgarri eta berezi batzuk aurkezten dira, lan honetan aztertutako gaiak duen konplexutasunez jabetzeko baliagarriak izan daitezkeelakoan.