[ca] Els nematodes fitopatogens endoparasits sedentaris del genere Meloidoyne spp son els principals causants de patologies en l&#8217;agricultura. Actualment, per eradicar aquests patogens s&#8217;utilitzen agents quimics, principalment nematicides, els quals afecten al medi ambient i la salut humana. Durant els ultims anys s&#8217;ha potenciat la recerca d&#8217;alternatives no tant agressives pero igual d&#8217;efectives. En aquest projecte es presenta com a possible alternativa l&#8217;aplicacio de la combinacio de la melassa i el fong Trichoderma asperellum (T34) en tomaqueres. Per tal d&#8217;assolir l&#8217;objectiu presentat es van dur a terme experiments de semicamp i camp. En condicions de semicamp, es va determinar la dosi optima de melassa a partir de l&#8217;aplicacio setmanal de les dosis 0, 5, 10, 20 o 40 mL m-2 de melassa sola o combinada amb T34. La inoculacio de T34 va ser a rao de 0,5 g m-2 durant 24 hores abans de la trasplantacio de la tomaquera, i just despres, les plantes es van regar amb una suspensio d&#8217;espores de 0,01 g L.-1. Un dia despres del transplantament, les plantes es van a inocular amb Meloidogyne spp amb 1 J2 per cm3. Quan el nematode va complir una generacio, es va avaluar el desenvolupament de la planta, l&#8217;activitat i densitat microbiana del sol (FDA), la quantificacio fungica i bacteriana (qPCR), la severitat de la infeccio (index de agalles) i la multiplicacio de nematodes (numero de ous per planta) per cada un dels tractaments. Posteriorment, es van realitzar assajos en dos camps (Castellbisbal i Martorell) infestats per Meloidogyne spp. La pauta de reg amb melassa va ser determinada en els experiments de semicamp i es van determinar els mateixos parametres que en semicamp. En condicions de semicamp, la reduccio dels nematodes es va veure sobretot en l&#8217;aplicacio de melassa en dosis de 5 i 10 mL m-2 combinada amb T34, ja que es va observar una disminucio l&#8217;index agalles i ous/planta, i un augment de FDA i de la densitat fungica. A 40 mL m-2 de melassa, les plantes van presentar forta fitotoxicitat. Es va seleccionar la dosi de 10 mL m-2 per aplicar a camp. A Castellbisbal, en l&#8217;aplicacio de melassa es va determinar una reduccio dels nematodes i en el tractament de melassa combinat amb T34 la reduccio del nematode no va ser tan severa com en semicamp. En canvi, a Martorell, no es va observar reduccio del nematode ja que al tenir unes caracteristiques diferents de sol, podrien afectar a la distribucio dels productes, aixi com la presencia de micofags que podrien interferir en la proliferacio dels microorganismes introduits.

[en] The sedative endoparasitic phytopathogenic nematodes of the genus Meloidoyne spp are the main causes of pathologies in agriculture. Currently, to eradicate these pathogens chemical agents are used, mainly nematicides, which affect the environment and human health. During the last years, the searching of alternatives not so aggressive but equally effective has been enhanced. In this project, the application of the combination of molasses and fungus Trichoderma asperellum (T34) in tomatoes is presented as a possible alternative. To achieve this goal, semifield and field experiments were performed. In semifield conditions, the optimum dose of molasses was determined from the weekly application of unique molasses doses (0, 5, 10, 20 o 40 mL m-2) or combined with T34. The inoculation of T34 was at a rate of 0,5 g m-2 for 24 hours before the tomato transplantation, and just afterwards, the plants were watered with a spore suspension at 0,01 g L-1. One day after the transplantation, the plants were inoculated with Meloidogyne spp with 1 J2 per cm3. When the nematode fulfilled one generation, activity and microbial density of the ground (FDA), fungi and bacteria quantification (qPCR), infection severity (index of galls) and multiplication of nematodes (eggs per plant) were analysed for each of the treatments. Next, trials were conducted in two fields (Castellbisbal and Martorell) infested by Meloidogyne spp. The molasses irrigation pattern was determined in the semifields experiments and the same parameters as semifield experiment were determined. In semifield condition, the reduction of the nematodes was mainly observed in the application of molasses in the doses 5 and 10 mL m-2 combined with T34, since a decrease in the galls index and in the relation eggs/plant, and an increase in the FDA and in the fungal density were observed. At 40 mL m-2 of molasses, plants showed strong phytotoxicity. The dose of 10 mL m-2 was selected to be applied in the fields. In Castellbisbal, in the application of molasses, a reduction of the nematodes was determined, while in the treatment of molasses combined with T34, the reduction of the nematodes was not as severe as in the semifield condition. In contrast, in Martorell, no decrease of the nematode was observed. This could be due to the fact that having different characteristics of the soil could affect the distribution of products, as well as the presence of the mycophages in the soil by interfering with the proliferation of the microorganisms introduced.