BSC-LT/ACAData huggingface dataset:
[en] In the present research the efforts have been conducted to the development of the machinability of superalloy Inconel 718. As drilling exercise is more complicated that turning due to the discontinuity in the cutting forces, it has been chosen for the test. In order to overcome all the problems produced by the heat generated during the cutting it has been analysed the usage of different cutting fluids by simulation. Simulation enables the approximation to real solutions without having access to the materials, tools and machines. Even though the absolute solution is not accurate, it is useful to compare the effect of different parameters reducing the costs of the analysis. The main objective of the research is to see how different cutting fluids affect on the reduction of the temperatures and, with that, to conclude the improvement of the productivity and the lifecycle of the tool. But once having access to the simulator, it has taken advantage to see the effect of other parameters different than the coolants. Apart from the mentioned above, it has been also analysed the hazards of using traditional coolants for highlighting the benefits of cryogenic coolant. The oil-based coolants more than damaging the environment can be harmful for the workers health. That is the reason why there are some rules that must be followed in order to ensure the workers well-being when using the mentioned fluids.

[eu] Aurkezturiko lan honetan Inconel 718 super-aleazioaren makinabilitatea hobetzeko ahaleginak egin dira. Fresaketa eragiketa torneaketa baino korapilatsuagoa denez, ebaketa indarren ez-jarraitasuna dela eta, hau aztertzea erabaki da. Ebaketan sortutako beroak sortzen dituen arazo guztiak gainditzeko hozgarrien erabilera aztertu da simulazioaren bitartez. Honek, materialak, erremintak eta makinak eskuragarri izan gabe emaitza errealaren hurbilketa bat ahalbidetzen digu. Emaitza absolutuaren hurbilketa oraindik doia ez izan arren, parametro desberdinen konparaketarako erabat egokia da software hau, azterketaren kostua nabarmen jaitsiz. Hozgarri desberdinak erabiltzeak edo ez erabiltzeak tenperaturan duen murrizketa ikusi eta honekin produktibitatea eta erremintaren biziraupena nola hobetzen dituen ondorioztatzea da lan honen helburu nagusia. Baina simulaziorako hain erreminta baliagarria eskuragarri izanda hozgarriez gain parametro desberdinen eragina konparatzeko aprobetxatu da. Baita ere, hozgarri tradizionalen erabilerak dituen kalteak aztertu dira, hozgarri kriogenikoaren abantailak azpimarratzeko. Oliotan oinarritutako taladrinak ingurugiroari ez ezik, langileari osasun arazo larriak sor diezaioke. Beraz, hauek erabiltzerakoan arautegi zuhur bat errespetatu behar da langilearen ongizatea bermatzeko.
[en] The main goal of this TFG is to design the fabrication process of a flange of steel for oil sector as which will be used for joining the different parts of a piping system. Once the preliminary measurements of the flange are established, the initial design will be modified to solve the typical problems of the designs of a forged piece. Then, with the help of a forging simulator, the necessary preforms to manufacture the piece will be designed so that the piece obtains the best mechanical properties possible with the least economic cost. In addition, this TFG will also indicate the best machinery to produce the piece, depending on the final characteristics of the piece.

[eu] TFG honen helburu nagusia altzairu-pieza bateko fabrikazio prozesua diseinatzea da. Ikasitako pieza brida bat da petroleo-ko sektorerako eta bere funtzioa sistemako hoditeriak elkartzea da. Piezaren azkeneko dimentsioak lehenik eta behin ezartzen dira. Gero hasierako diseinua aldatzen da forjatutako piezen arazo tipikoak ebazteko. Simulagailu baten bitartez orduan piezaren fabrikazio hobeezina bilatuko da. Harekin propietate mekaniko on batzuk piezan lortzea eta erreminten bizitza luzatzea nahi da. Gainera TFG honek makineria onena esango du pieza produzitzeko. Makineria hau piezaren azkeneko ezaugarrien mendean egongo da.
[en] Within the Basque Country, immigration has increased significantly in the past few decades and interculturality, therefore, as well. In this context and setting emotional education as our base, developing cultural identity and cross-identity in the Primary Education stage will help students identify their own identity, while learning to self-respect, accept and value the culture(s) acquired from their families and society. As a means to achieve this end, this report will set out a didactic proposal to work on cultural identity, basing all the contents on emotional education. This didactic proposal will help to analyse all the emotions felt and their cause. Thus, it will help the students in the second cycle of Primary School to know their own crossed identity. In order to contextualize the topic, the theoretical basis of identity, emotional education, emotional skills and psychological development

[eu] Euskadi mailan etorkin kopurua nabarmen handitu izan da azken hamarkadetan eta kultura-artekotasuna, beraz, nabari da. Hezkuntza emozionalean oinarrituta, ikasleek txikitatik identitate kulturala eta identitate gurutzatua lantzeak norberak bere nortasuna identifikatzeaz gain, bere burua errespetatzen ikasiko du, familiarengandik eta gizartetik hartutako kultura(k) onartuz eta hura/haiek balioetsiz. Horretarako, hezkuntza emozionala oinarri, identitate kulturala lantzeko proposamen didaktiko bat azalduko da, norbanakoaren jatorritik hasita, gaur egun arte. Uneoro dauden emozioak eta haien zergatia aztertzen lagunduko duen proposamen didaktiko honek Lehen Hezkuntzako bigarren zikloko ikasleei nortasun gurutzatua ezagutzen lagunduko die. Gaia testuinguruan jartzeko asmoz, identitatearen, hezkuntza eta konpetentzia emozionalen eta garapen psikologikoaren oinarri teorikoan argituko dira. Dena den, txosten honen xede nagusia proposamen didaktikoa bera da.
[en] Abstract: The use of glass in construction has been increasing in recent years, but there are still structural elements in which it is not widely used. Due to the difficulties involved, the flexural elements are the ones in which it is more rarely use, and the development of these elements could bring about significant improvements in the field of construction. For this reason, in this work its feasibility is studied and the foundations are laid down so that, in the future, after more research, they can be implemented regularly.

[eu] Laburpena: Eraikuntzan, beiraren erabilera gero eta handiagoa izan arren, oraindik badaude egitura elementuak non ez den asko erabiltzen. Hainbat arazo direla eta, flexioan lan egiten duten elementuetan, gutxi erabiltzen da, eta elementu horien garapena, hobekuntza nabarmenak ekar ditzake eraikuntzaren esparruan. Hori dela eta, lan honetan, bere bideragarritasuna aztertuko da eta etorkizunean, ikerketa gehiago burututa, inplementatu ahal izateko oinarriak ezarriko dira.
[en] This project consists of the development of a database including all the space projects made by SENER database with easy access and intuitive utility. This virtual encyclopedia, it is called Aerospedia because it belongs to the Aerospace business unit of SENER. This is based on the MediaWiki platform, the same used for the famous Wikipedia. In performing this database, some templates have been created so the information remains homogenized. These templates have to include the great variety of space projects made along the company history. Additionally, an information net has been created allowing a prompt access with few clics to the desired subject.

[eu] Proiektu hau SENER-ek egindako espazioko proiektuen irismen erraza eta erabilpen intuitiboa daukan datu-base bat egitean datza. Enziklopedia birtual honeri Aerospedia deitu zaio, SENER-en negozio unitate aeroespazialari dagokiolako. Hau, MediaWiki plataforman oinarrituta dago, Wikipedia famaturako erabilitako softwarea izanik. Datu base hau egiteko eta informazio guztia homogenizatzeko, zenbait txantiloi eratu dira. Hauek proiektu guztien aniztasuna eta konplexutasunak barne hartu behar dituzte. Gainera, informazio sare zabal bat sortu da klik gutxitan nahi den informaziora heltzeko.
[en] In the following research different superalloys machining have been studied applying the broaching process and analyzing different changes in the tool geometry and in its coating as well as in the cutting process parameters, with the aim of optimizing those factors equally as improving the productivity of the operation and to ensure a depth study in the process of broaching. To this end, diverse simulations have been done using a Finite Element software named AdvantEdge and with which it has been scored a high approach in broaching machining without using real materials, tools or machinery and due to this reducing considerably experimental costs. In this way, the program allows to analyze the different simulations by the research in different factors, starting from process temperatures or cutting forces, up to industrial more important issues such as tool-life and break or piece accuracy. When performing this project, firstly, Inconel 718 superalloy has been applied as the principal material and machined in dry conditions starting with the study of different simulations by changing the broaching tool geometric parameters and continuously, by analyzing the changes in the process cutting parameters. Once results have been considered and established the most effective parameters, diverse simulations have been performed with Waspaloy in order to compare the two superalloys and to ensure the improvement of both, physical and mechanical properties of this last material.

[eu] Proiektu honetan superaleazio ezberdinen mekanizazioa aztertu da brotxaketa prozesuaren bidez, erramintaren estaldura eta geometria aldagai ezberdinak zein ebaketa parametroen eragina ikertuz, parametro optimoenak finkatzeko asmoz eta azken finean eragiketaren produktibitatea handitzeko eta prozesuaren inguruko ikerketak zabaltzeko helburuarekin. Horretarako, simulazio ezberdinak gauzatu dira AdvantEdge EF softwarearen bitartez, zeinek brotxaketa eragiketaren hurbilpen nahiko zehatza ematen digun material, erreminta eta makina errealik izan gabe eta kostu esperimentalen murrizpena ahalbidetuz. Programa honen bitartez, simulazio ezberdinen ondoriozko emaitza ugari izan dira aztergai, tenperatura eta ebaketa indarren aldaeretik hasita, egun industrian garrantzia handiagoa duten faktoreen analisirarte, hala nola, erremintaren biziraupena eta higadura edo pieza beraren akabera. Lana burutzerako orduan, lehenik eta oinarrizko materialtzat hartu den Inconel 718 superaleazioaren mekanizazioa egin da lehorrean, brotxaketa erremintaren geometria parametro ezberdinen simulazioen bidez eta ondoren ebaketa parametroen aldaketaren ondoriozko azterketa eginez. Behin emaitzak azterturik eta parametro eraginkorrenak finkatuz, Waspaloyarekin gauzatu dira simulazio frogak, bi materialen arteko alderaketa ikertzeko eta azkenengo honen propietate fisiko zein mekanikoen hobekuntzaren eragina frogatzeko asmoz.
[en] The electrical substation busbars must be protected against failures, to prevent a failure affecting the stability of the entire electrical system. To meet this requirement, the differential protection of bars is used. In this work, the issue of the protection of substation busbars, existing types of protection and the realization of simulations of different types of failures that can occur in a substation will be studied using PowerFactory software. The purpose of this document is to design the relays that protect the busbar of a distribution substation, providing the information necessary for its implementation. Coordination between them to ensure the correct operation of the substation to short circuits and relay settings will be established and performed an analysis of the results of the simulations carried out. In particular, for a three-phase failure in a line and a lack of single-phase grounding busbar.

[eu] Azpiestazio elektrikoetako barrak babestuta egon behar dira falten aurrean, akatsak sistema elektriko guztiaren egonkortasunari eragin diezaion saihesteko. Eskakizun hauek buruan, barretako babes diferentziala erabiltiko da. Lan honetan azpiestazioko barren babesa eta existitzen diren babes-erak ikertuko dira, hala nola azpiestazio batean PowerFactory software-a erabiliz gerta daitezkeen falta ezberdineetako itxurak. Dokumentu honen helburua banaketa-azpiestazio bateko lohiztatutakoa babesten duten errele taldeen diseinua da, baita bere ezarpenerako beharrezko diren datuak eskaintzea ere. Azpiestazioaren funtzionamendu zuzena zirkuitulaburren aurrean bermatzeko, erreleen ezarpenak eta haien arteko koordinazioa ezarriko da eta egindako simulazioen emaitzen analisi bat berrikusiko da. Zehazki, lerroko falta trifasikorako eta lurrerako falta monofasikorako.
[en] At present, Criminology, as an interdisciplinary science, must coordinate sectional knowleges (biological, psychologiques and sociological) about crime and victim to construct a positive social control that undestunds and attends to the new social dynamic.

[eu] Gaur egun Kriminologiari, zientzi interdisziplinario bezala, krimena eta biktimari buruzko jakintza sektorialak (biologikoak, psikologikoak eta soziologikoak) koordinatzea dagokio, gizartearen izari dinamiko berria ulertu eta harrera egin dezakeen gizarte-kontrol positibo bat egituratzeko.
[en] Inglés: This project is part of a series of projects in which the theoretical analysis and design of a model for the study of the regulation and control of thermal processes is carried out. This model is mainly composed of a heating resistor, four temperature sensors and a PID controller implemented in Arduino. This work in particular aims to adapt and expand previous theoretical designs in order to obtain tangible results. In addition, a computer application is incorporated. This allows you to control the equipment, graphically represent the data acquired by the sensors and store this data for later analysis.

[eu] Euskera: Lan hau lan batzuen parte da, non prozesu termikoen erregulazioa eta kontrola aztertzeko maketa baten azterketa eta diseinu teorikoak egiten diren. Maketa horren osagai nagusiak hauek dira: erresistentzia berogailua, lau tenperatura-sentsore eta Arduinon ezarritako PID kontrolatzailea. Lan honen helburua da aldez aurreko diseinu teorikoak egokitzea eta zabaltzea, emaitza ukigarriak lortzeko. Gainera, aplikazio informatiko bat gehitu da. Honi esker, ekipoa kontrola daiteke, sentsoreek hartutako datuak grafikoki adieraz daitezke eta datu horiek gorde daitezke, ondoren aztertzeko.
[en] This Final Degree Project presents a didactic proposal focused on promoting the inclusion of students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) through the subject of Physical Education, taking as a starting point the reality of a school located in Vitoria-Gasteiz. For its development, I have taken into consideration both the information gathered through direct observation, as well as the objective data through meetings and contacts held with various educational agents of that school. The result is the didactic proposal called "Diversi(ón) natural". This is based on the "Service-Learning" methodology as the main approach, with the aim of addressing and reducing situations of lack of social inclusion faced by students diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) at that school. To achieve this purpose, a complete didactic material has been elaborated and adapted to the reality of this centre, designed so that those professionals can implement the proposals in the near future. Through this didactic material, I propose the use of nature outings, specifically hiking routes throughout the Basque Country, as a pedagogical tool that contributes to reducing the social inequality that affects this vulnerable group, while at the same time fostering an inclusive environment both inside and outside the classroom, that is, seeking to establish strong emotional bonds between pupils with ASD and the rest of their classmates in Primary Education.

[eu] Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan proposamen didaktiko bat aurkezten da, Gorputz Hezkuntza irakasgaiaren bidez Autismoaren Espektroko Nahasmendua (AEN) duten ikasleen inklusioa sustatzera bideratuta dagoena eta Gasteizko ikastetxe baten errealitatea abiapuntutzat hartzen duena. Hori garatzeko, zuzeneko behaketaren bidez bildutako informazioa zein ikastetxe horretako hainbat hezkuntza-eragilerekin eta arduradunekin izandako bileren eta harremanen bidez datu objektiboak kontuan hartu dira. Prozesu horren emaitza "Diversi (ón) natural" izeneko proposamen didaktikoa da. Proposamen hori "Ikaskuntza-Zerbitzua" metodologian oinarritzen da, ikuspegi nagusi gisa, ikastetxean Autismoaren Espektroko Nahasmendua (AEN) duten ikasleek aurre egin behar dieten gizarteratze-gabeziako egoerei heltzeko eta horiek murrizteko. Helburu hori lortzeko, material didaktiko oso bat prestatu da, zentro honen errealitatera egokitua, bertako profesionalek planteatutako proposamenak etorkizunean inplementatu ahal ditzaten. Material didaktiko horren bidez, naturarako irteeren erabilera planteatzen dira, bereziki mendi-ibilien ibilbideak euskal lurralde osoan. Jarduera hauek, talde kaltebera horri eragiten dion desberdintasun soziala murrizten lagunduko duen tresna pedagogiko gisa erabiltzen dira. Aldi berean, giro inklusiboa sustatzea baita du helburu ere, bai ikasgelan, bai ikasgelatik kanpo; hau da, lotura afektibo sendoak ezarri nahi ditut TEA duten ikasleen eta Lehen Hezkuntzako gainerako ikaskideen artean.
[en] The use of materials difficult to machine such as superalloys has been extended in recent years in the aeronautical sector. This is due to its excellent mechanical properties, however its machinability is very low, and therefore its productivity is reduced as well as the life of the tools when machining. The research carried out in this work is centred on validating a mathematical model calculated by the research centre in applied mathematics BCAM by means of which it is tried to mechanize non-developing surfaces using the technique of flank milling, that is to say, milling using all the length of the tooth. For this purpose, the BCAM center has calculated a mathematical model that allows transforming the non-developable surface of a blade into a developable surface in which the previously mentioned technique can be applied. It is tried to verify if the quality of machining of this type of pieces would enter within the parameters demanded in the aeronautical market. In this way, it would be possible to improve machining times and also increase productivity at the cost of reducing tool life times.

[eu] Mekanizatzeko zailak diren materialen erabilera azken urteetan handitu egin da sektore aeronautikoan. Hau gertatu da oso propietate mekaniko onak dituztelako, hala ere, haien mekanizagarritasuna oso txikia da, horregatik produktibitate murriztua dute eta erreminten bizitza motza aurkezten dute. Lan honetan egindako ikerketaren bidez modelo matematiko bat baliozkotu nahi da, modelo hau BCAM zentroak kalkulatu egin du y haren bidez gainazal ez-garagarriak mekanizatu egin nahi dira flank milling deitzen den teknika erabilita, hau da, erremintaren luzera osoa erabiliz. Horretarako, BCAM zentroak kalkulatu egin du modelo matematiko bat non gainazal ez-garagarriak gainazal garagarrietan bihurtzen dituen, era honetan aurrean deskribatu dudan teknika erabili daiteke. Lan honen bidez ere konprobatu nahi da ea zer nolako kalitatea lortzen den mekanizazioaren ondoren eta merkatu aeronautikoaren parametroak betetzen dituen ala ez. Emaitza onak lortzen badira mekanizazio denbora asko murriztuko litzateke eta produktibitatea handituko litzateke, baina erreminten bizitzan murriztuko litzateke.
[en] A research-action project about victim-offender mediation developed in Belgium is presentd, and te mediation process, expedientes selection, mediaton role, mediation labour, and writing accord, the same as the results obtained after a period of experience with violent crimes are analysed. Likewise, and on the basis of these results, the inherent elements of the mediation process are explained.

[eu] Belgikan garatutako biktima-gaizkile arartekotasunari buruzko ikerketa-ekintza proiektu bat aurkezten da. proiektu honetan arartekotasun prozesua, expedienteen aukera, arartekoaren papaera, arartekotasunaren lana eta idatzitako akordioa, bai lortutako emaitzak (indarkeriaz egindako gaizkintzekin ikertu ondoren) aztertu egiten dira. Era berean, eta emaitza hauetan oinarrituz, arartekotasunaren prozesuari atxekitako elementuak azaltzen dira.
[en] This contribution focuses on one aspect of social justice, namely criminal justice. It studies the growing development of criminal justice at the international level, and wishes to understand to which extent globalization has been achieved, and in what general context this globalization can operate. In this sense, this contribution has a double objective: on the one hand, it is aimed at deepening our theoretical understanding of the globalization of criminal justice, and its context of human rights cultures; on the other hand, it wishes to provide some keys for a more comprehensive functioning of criminal justice at the global level.

[eu] Justizia kriminalari buruzkoa da artikulu hau. Nazioartean izan duen garapena azpimarratzen saiatu da, globalizazioaren hedadura antzematen saiatu nahian eta globalizazioak non jokatu dezaken ikusiaz. Zentzu honetan bi helburu lor daitezke: alde batetatik, justizia kriminalaren globalizazioaren ezagupen teorikoak sakontzea, giza eskubideen kontextuan duen paperean, eta beste alde batetatik, justizia kriminalak nola funtzionatzen duen ulertzeko gakoak ematea.