[en] Abstract from English Wikipedia: Nigeria ( ()), officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a sovereign country located in West Africa bordering Niger in the north, Chad in the northeast, Cameroon in the east, and Benin in the west. Its southern coast is on the Gulf of Guinea in the Atlantic Ocean. Nigeria is a federal republic comprising 36 states and the Federal Capital Territory, where the capital, Abuja, is located. Nigeria has been home to a number of ancient and indigenous pre-colonial states and kingdoms over the millennia. The modern state originated from British colonial rule beginning in the 19th century, and took its present territorial shape with the merging of the Southern Nigeria Protectorate and Northern Nigeria Protectorate in 1914 by Lord Frederick Lugard. The British set up administrative and legal structures while practicing indirect rule through traditional chiefdoms; Nigeria became a formally independent federation on October 1, 1960. It experienced a civil war from 1967 to 1970. It thereafter alternated between democratically-elected civilian governments and military dictatorships until it achieved a stable democracy in 1999, with the 2015 presidential election marking the first time an incumbent president had lost re-election. A multinational state, Nigeria is inhabited by more than 250 ethnic groups with over 500 distinct languages all identifying with a wide variety of cultures. The three largest ethnic groups are the Hausa-Fulani in the north, Yoruba in the west, and Igbo in the east; comprising over 60% of the total population. The official language of Nigeria is English, chosen to facilitate linguistic unity at the national level. Nigeria is divided roughly in half between Christians, who live mostly in the southern part of the country, and Muslims, who live mostly in the north. Nigeria has respectively, the fifth-largest Muslim population in the world and the sixth-largest Christian population in the world, with the constitution ensuring freedom of religion. A minority of the population practice religions indigenous to Nigeria, such as those native to the Igbo and Yoruba ethnicities. Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa and the seventh most populous country in the world, with an estimated 206 million inhabitants as of late 2019. Nigeria has the third-largest youth population in the world, after India and China, with more than 90 million of its population under the age of eighteen. Nigeria has the largest economy in Africa and is the world's 24th largest economy according to the list by the IMF (2020 estimates), worth more than 500 billion and 1 trillion (dollars) in terms of nominal GDP and purchasing power parity, respectively. The 2013 debt-to-GDP ratio was 11 percent as of 2019 it has risen to an approximated figure of 16 percent. Nigeria is a lower middle-income economy with a gross national income per capita between 1,026 and 3,986 (dollars). Nigeria is often referred to as the Giant of Africa, owing to its large population and economy, it is also considered to be an emerging market by the World Bank; it has been identified as a regional power on the African continent, a middle power in international affairs, and has also been identified as an emerging global power. However, its Human Development Index ranks 158th in the world. Nigeria is a member of the MINT group of countries, which are widely seen as the globe's next BRIC-like economies. It is also listed among the Next Eleven economies set to become among the biggest in the world. Nigeria is a founding member of the African Union and a member of many other international organizations, including the United Nations, the Commonwealth of Nations, the ECOWAS, and OPEC.

[es] Resumen extraído de Wikipedia en español: Nigeria, oficialmente República Federal de Nigeria, es un país de África occidental, que limita con Níger al norte, con Chad en el nordeste, con Camerún en el este y con Benín en el oeste. Su costa sur está localizada en el Golfo de Guinea en el Océano Atlántico. La federación comprende 36 estados y 1 territorio federal, donde está localizada la capital, Abuya. La constitución define a Nigeria como un estado secular democrático. Nigeria ha sido el hogar de varios reinos y estados antiguos e indígenas durante milenios. El estado moderno se originó a partir del dominio colonial británico a partir del siglo XIX, y tomó su forma territorial actual con la fusión del y el en 1914 por Lord Fredrick Lugard. Los británicos establecieron estructuras administrativas y legales mientras practicaban el gobierno indirecto a través de jefaturas tradicionales. Nigeria se convirtió en una federación formalmente independiente en 1960. Experimentó una guerra civil de 1967 a 1970. Posteriormente alternó entre gobiernos civiles democráticamente elegidos y dictaduras militares hasta que logró una democracia estable en 1999, siendo las elecciones presidenciales de 2011 las primeras en ser consideradas como razonablemente libres y justas. Nigeria se conoce a menudo como el Gigante de África, debido a su gran población y economía. Con 206 millones de habitantes, Nigeria es el país más poblado de África y el séptimo país más poblado del mundo. Nigeria tiene la tercera población juvenil más grande del mundo, después de India y China, con más de 90 millones de su población menores de dieciocho años. Nigeria es la vigésima economía más grande del mundo a partir de 2015, con un valor de más de 500 mil millones y 1 billón (de dólares) en términos de PIB nominal y paridad de poder adquisitivo, respectivamente. La relación deuda / PIB de 2013 fue del 11 por ciento. Nigeria es un estado multinacional, habitado por 250 grupos étnicos, de los cuales los tres más grandes son los hausa, igbo y yoruba; Estos grupos étnicos hablan más de 500 idiomas distintos y se identifican con una amplia variedad de culturas. El idioma oficial de Nigeria es el inglés, elegido para facilitar la unidad lingí¼ística a nivel nacional. Nigeria está divida aproximadamente en partes iguales entre cristianos, que viven principalmente en la parte sur del país, y musulmanes, que viven principalmente en el norte. Una minoría de la población practica religiones indígenas de Nigeria, como las nativas de las etnias igbo y yoruba. Nigeria es considerada como un mercado emergente por el Banco Mundial; ha sido identificada como una potencia regional en el continente africano, una potencia intermedia en asuntos internacionales, y también como una potencia global emergente. Sin embargo, ocupa el puesto 158 en el Índice de Desarrollo Humano a nivel global. Nigeria es miembro del grupo de países MINT, que son ampliamente vistos como las próximas economías BRIC del mundo. También figura entre las próximas once economías que se convertirán en las más grandes del mundo. Nigeria es miembro fundador de la Unión Africana y miembro de muchas otras organizaciones internacionales, incluidas las Naciones Unidas, la Mancomunidad de Naciones y la OPEP.