BSC-LT/ACAData huggingface dataset:
[en] As the end of Spanish Civil War was assumed as definitive, the new Francoist authorities commissioned Julio Palacios, Professor at Madrid?s Central University, what Jos? M.? Albareda would describe in May 1939 as the ?governing mission of Spanish Science?. In other words, the ?supreme directorship?, which resembles Jos? Castillejo?s dedication before the war, of all those institutes belonging until then to the Board for Advanced Studies (JAE) and the National Foundation for Scientific Research (FNICER). His efforts towards the reconstruction of the educational institutions after the conflict, undertaken from his position as Vice-president of the Institute of Spain, and until Franco inaugurated the CSIC on 28th October 1940, suggest that Palacios could be considered the ?last President? of the JAE.

[es] Cuando el final de la Guerra Civil se avizoraba inmediato, las nuevas autoridades franquistas encomendaban a Julio Palacios, catedr?tico de la Universidad Central de Madrid, lo que Jos? M.? Albareda denominar?a, en mayo de 1939, la ?misi?n rectora de nuestra vida cient?fica?. En s?ntesis, la ?suprema direcci?n?, con una dedicaci?n an?loga a la de Jos? Castillejo antes de la guerra, de los centros que hasta entonces hab?an pertenecido a la Junta para Ampliaci?n de Estudios (JAE) y a la Fundaci?n Nacional para Investigaciones Cient?ficas (FNICER). Esta tarea de reconstrucci?n de las instituciones educativas tras la contienda, que llevar?a a cabo desde la Vicepresidencia del Instituto de Espa?a y hasta que Franco inaugurase el CSIC el 28 de octubre de 1940, invita a considerar a Julio Palacios como el ??ltimo presidente? de la JAE.
[en] This work shows some subjects about Spanish education that were studied by Men?ndez Pelayo: theirs determination, remedy of the deficiencies and proposals for the future, in harmony with the much progressives countries.

[es] En este trabajo se exponen algunos de los problemas educativos espa?oles tratados por Men?ndez Pelayo: consistencia de los mismos, remedios de las deficiencias y propuestas para el futuro, en armon?a con los pa?ses m?s avanzados.
[en] The discovery of two metal moulds for casting palstaves with two loops in Linares de Riofr?o (Salamanca) is one of the most interesting evidences known for the study of the Late Bronze Age metallurgy in the Northern Spanish Plateau. This paper presents the results of a new documentary, formal, and archaeometric review of this finding. Our study was able to resolve most of the problems driven from the moulds early dispersion, which had been hindering their proper analysis. The formal study and archaeometric analysis (xrf, pixe) of the moulds allowed us to make a complete characterization of the technology behind their casting, as well as their usage./nAlthough the moulds from La Macolla share features with the palstaves commonly found in the Northern Spanish Plateau, some of their typological details allow us to link them with the Late Bronze Age metallurgy from central Portugal. This aspect, along with the supposed context of the find, is extremely relevant in the analysis of the technological and ideological processes behind these objects, offering new data for the study of the limited group of metal moulds known for this period in the Iberian Peninsula.

[es] El hallazgo de dos moldes met?licos para la fundici?n de hachas de tal?n con dos anillas en Linares de Riofr?o (Salamanca) constituye uno de los m?s interesantes testimonios conocidos para el estudio de la metalurgia del Bronce Final en la Meseta Norte. Presentamos los resultados de la necesaria revisi?n documental, formal y arqueom?trica de este conjunto. La informaci?n obtenida resuelve una parte importante de los problemas derivados de la dispersi?n de las piezas, que hab?a dificultado su adecuado estudio. El estudio formal de los moldes y la obtenci?n de datos, por vez primera, mediante t?cnicas arqueom?tricas (xrf, pixe) contribuyen a la caracterizaci?n tecnol?gica de la producci?n y uso de este tipo de objetos./nLos moldes salmantinos se corresponden con el tipo de hachas de tal?n m?s frecuente en la Meseta Norte, aunque algunos detalles tipol?gicos permiten trazar un v?nculo con la metalurgia de la regi?n centro de Portugal. Este aspecto, junto con el contexto del hallazgo, ofrece un nuevo punto de inter?s en el an?lisis de los procesos tecnol?gicos e ideol?gicos del conjunto, aportando nuevos datos para el estudio del reducido grupo de moldes met?licos de este per?odo conocidos en la pen?nsula Ib?rica.
[en] This article reflects on the importance of a cultural initiative as crieme (Resource Center, Interpretation and School Education) in a rural setting as this centre?s.Throughout its pages you can see the activities with different institutions (Town Hall of Polanco, Education Department of Cantabria, University of Cantabria) and cultural proposings to schoolchildren, groups and general population during the visit to the headquarters of the museum. In addition, the crieme serves as a catalyst for various cultural events with presence in other villages (Pesquera) and schools of Cantabria. It is, in short, an innovative project that helps revitalize the rural environment in which it sits and other rural areas of our region. At the same time, it rescues, adds value and preserves the school life in the past, a collective treasure, otherwise at risk of being lost in the fog of memory.

[es] El presente art?culo reflexiona acerca de la importancia de contar con una iniciativa cultural como el CRIEME (Centro de Recursos, Interpretaci?n y Estudios de la Escuela) en un entorno rural como el que disfruta este centro.A lo largo de sus p?ginas se detallan las actividades con distintas instituciones (Ayuntamiento de Polanco, Consejer?a de Educaci?n, Universidad de Cantabria) y la oferta cultural que se propone a escolares, grupos y a la poblaci?n en general en su visita a la sede del museo. Adem?s, el crieme sirve como elemento dinamizador de distintas propuestas culturales con presencia en otras poblaciones (Pesquera) y en los colegios de Cantabria. Se trata, en suma, de un proyecto novedoso que contribuye a revitalizar el entorno rural en que est? enclavado y otras zonas rurales de nuestra regi?n. A la vez, rescata, pone en valor y preserva la vida de la escuela del pasado, un tesoro colectivo que, de otra manera, corre riesgo de perderse en la niebla de la memoria.
[en] Lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) has demonstrated virological and immunological efficacy in the combined antiretroviral treatment (cART), in both na?ve and experienced patients. Furthermore, LPV/r showed a high barrier to the development of resistance. Although generally well tolerated, adverse gastrointestinal side effects and metabolic disorders are frequent. Different tools that are used to optimize the cART with this drug in the daily clinical practice, emphasizing the therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of LPV/r and the genetic analysis of the main enzymes responsible for the metabolism and transport, are reviewed. The relationship between phenotype and genotype, established through TDM, could be useful for the physician to improve the clinical management of the HIV infection, due to the possibility of individualize the dose with this drug. It is also reviewed the monotherapy as a new strategy used in the simplification of the therapy with this drug, which could increase security and reduce costs.

[es] Lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) ha demostrado eficacia virol?gica e inmunol?gica en el tratamiento antirretroviral (TAR) combinado, tanto en pacientes na?ve como pretratados. Adem?s presenta una alta barrera gen?tica al desarrollo de resistencias y su perfil de tolerancia es aceptable, aunque son frecuentes alteraciones gastrointestinales y del perfil lip?dico. Se revisan diferentes estrategias utilizadas en la optimizaci?n del TAR con este f?rmaco en la pr?ctica cl?nica diaria, haciendo especial incidencia en la monitorizaci?n de concentraciones plasm?ticas de LPV/r y la caracterizaci?n farmacogen?tica de las principales isoenzimas responsables de su metabolismo y transporte. En este sentido la correlaci?n del genotipo con el fenotipo establecida en la monitorizaci?n de niveles de LPV/r facilitar?a la individualizaci?n posol?gica de los tratamientos con este f?rmaco. As? mismo, se revisa la estrategia de simplificaci?n del tratamiento a monoterapia lo que permitir?a incrementar la seguridad y disminuir los costes.
[en] Despite the high attention paid to the homicide rate in El Salvador, the empirical correlations of this variable with other explanatory variables have not been quantitatively substantiated. This study contributes to address this knowledge gap, calculating quantile regressions of the homicide rate per 100,000 inhabitants for each municipality in El Salvador in the 3rd, 50th and 98th percentile respectively, with population data for 2007. The resulting models show that the homicide rate is significantly correlated with the following variables: positively with the number of gangs per municipality, in the 3th and 50th percentiles; positively with the index of urbanity and negatively with access to drinking water, in the 50th percentile; as well as positively with the number of gang members per 100,000 inhabitants, in the 98th percentile. These results can be used to guide policy, but they only explain part of the problem. There is an urgent need for better statistics to correct some limitations in future studies.

[es] A pesar de la elevada atenci?n prestada a la tasa de homicidios en El Salvador, no se han fundamentado cuantitativamente las correlaciones emp?ricas de esta variable con otras variables explicativas. Este estudio contribuye a atender esta carencia, calculando regresiones cuant?licas de la tasa de homicidios por 100.000 habitantes por municipio en El Salvador en el percentil 3, 50 y 98 respectivamente, con datos poblacionales de 2007. Los modelos resultantes demuestran que la tasa de homicidios est? significativamente correlacionada: positivamente con la cantidad de pandillas por municipio, en el percentil 3 y 50; positivamente con el ?ndice de urbanidad y negativamente con el acceso a agua potable, en el percentil 50; as? como positivamente con la cantidad de pandilleros por 100.000 habitantes, en el percentil 98. Estos resultados pueden usarse para orientar las pol?ticas, pero solo explican parte del problema. Urgen mejores estad?sticas para subsanar algunas limitantes en futuros estudios./n?
[en] Letter from Herbert Ernst Brekle, German linguist and Professor of University of Regensburg, to Dr. Ricardo Espinosa, in which informs him of his interest in publishing a critical edition of the "Minerva" of Sanctius (El Brocense) in the collection" Grammatica Universalis" and he would want to include the informations that he could offer him, because he has had news, through Professor Antonio Tovar, that he has located the oldest edition of the "Minerva", with the own author's hand written glosses.

[es] Carta del ling?ista alem?n y profesor de la Universidad de Ratisbona Herbert Ernst Brekle a Ricardo Espinosa, en la que le informa de su inter?s en publicar pr?ximamente una edici?n cr?tica de la "Minerva" de Sanctius (El Brocense) en la colecci?n "Grammatica Universalis"; obra en la que desear?a incluir las informaciones que pudiera aportarle, por cuanto ha tenido noticia, a trav?s del profesor Antonio Tovar, de que ha localizado la edici?n m?s antigua de la obra de Francisco S?nchez de las Brozas, con glosas manuscritas del propio autor.
[en] This paper aims to show that it is better to consider Ronald Giere's approach separately from what has been called the semanticist family in the philosophy of science. Mainly because he rejects the dyadic relations of isomorphic representation and truth for scientific representation, we will show that, especially from his notion of similarity, a pragmatic interpretation of his approach is better, which would be in better relation to scientific practice with models itself and the contemporary debate on representation. For this purpose, we will resort to a brief example of DIBs models in biology.

[es] El objetivo del presente trabajo es mostrar las ventajas de considerar al enfoque de Ronald Giere separado de lo que se ha llamado la familia semanticista en filosof?a de la ciencia. Principalmente porque rechaza las relaciones di?dicas de representaci?n isom?rfica y de verdad para la representaci?n cient?fica. Mostraremos aqu? que, especialmente a partir de su noci?n de similitud, los beneficios de una interpretaci?n pragm?tica de su enfoque, que estar?a en mejor relaci?n con la propia pr?ctica cient?fica con modelos, as? como con el debate contempor?neo sobre la representaci?n. Para ello, recurriremos a un breve ejemplo de modelos DIBs en biolog?a.
[en] The use of short films in the classroom has a great educational potential and at the same time increases students' motivation. It is a very attractive tool to address issues related to educational inclusion and to raise awareness among students. This paper presents an experience at University, based on the selection of a short film to work on educational inclusion and the creation of an interactive worksheet to carry out activities related to the contents of each short film. A total of 8 short films were selected and ten interactive worksheets were created with the Liveworksheets tool. Each interactive worksheet includes different types of activities, such as reflection and discussion, checking, completing and organising text, linking with arrows and pointing out words, among other activities. After completing this task, the students involved in the subject evaluated the experience

[es] El uso de cortometrajes en el aula tiene un gran potencial educativo a la vez que incrementa la motivaci?n del alumnado. Es una herramienta muy atractiva para abordar aspectos relacionados con la inclusi?n educativa y sensibilizar a los alumnos. Este trabajo presenta una experiencia en la Universidad, basada en la selecci?n de un cortometraje para trabajar la inclusi?n educativa y la elaboraci?n de una ficha interactiva para realizar actividades relacionadas con los contenidos de cada corto. Se han seleccionado un total de 8 cortometrajes y se han desarrollado diez fichas interactivas con la herramienta de Liveworksheets. Cada ficha interactiva incorpora diferentes tipos de actividades, de reflexi?n y argumentaci?n, de comprobaci?n, de completar y organizar texto, unir con flechas y se?alar palabras, entre otras actividades. Tras el desarrollo de esta tarea, los estudiantes implicados en la asignatura han valorado la experiencia realizada.
[en] A Late Quartet (2012) is a film of the dramatic genre directed by Yaron Zilberman. This film, starring Christopher Walken, provides an insight to the story of a string quartet, which after 25 years of success and world fame, goes through severe adversities when the creator of the quartet, Peter Mitchell, is suffering from the first symptoms of Parkinson?s Disease, a disease that threatens to end to his passion and his dreams as a performer. But what could have been offered for Peter's management from physical therapy specialty for rehabilitation? Could it provide a positive impact for this profession on his quality of life? Could it help mitigate the downhill slope of a great musician with Parkinson's disease from the peak of his career?The objective of this article is to describe the evidence-based alternatives that physical therapy and rehabilitation can offer to patients with Parkinson's disease.

[es] El ?ltimo concierto/ A Late Quartet (2012) es una pel?cula del g?nero dram?tico dirigida por Yaron Zilberman. Este filme protagonizado por Christopher Walken, relata la historia de un cuarteto de cuerda, el cu?l tras 25 a?os de ?xito y fama mundial, atraviesa fuertes adversidades cuando el creador del cuarteto, Peter Mitchell, est? padeciendo los primeros s?ntomas del P?rkinson, una enfermedad que en poco tiempo pondr? fin a su pasi?n y a sus sue?os como int?rprete. Pero ?qu? hubiera podido ofrecerse para el manejo de Peter desde la fisioterapia y rehabilitaci?n? ?El impacto de esta profesi?n en la calidad de vida, pudiera ayudar a mitigar la cuesta debajo de un gran m?sico con enfermedad de P?rkinson que se ubica en la cima de su carrera? El objetivo del presente art?culo es describir las alternativas basadas en evidencia que la fisioterapia y rehabilitaci?n pueden ofrecer a los pacientes con enfermedad de P?rkinson.
[en] Social networks allow us to interact with people, create content, share it and, ultimately, spread it. This social universe continues to be another means of communication through which the language is transmitted. If we consider the reference corpus, whose purpose is to obtain global features of the language at a certain moment in its history, social networks represent a novel source of information. This chapter will present through some formal neologisms ?which constitute clear evidence of lexical creativity and the productivity of morphological processes (tiktoker, pyme, presintom?tico, and others)?, the usefulness of social networks as tools for linguistic research and will analyse the problems and limitations of using the social network Twitter as a corpus for linguistic research.

[es] El presente art?culo tiene dos objetivos principales. Por un lado, mostrar la utilidad de las redes sociales como herramientas para la investigaci?n ling??stica. Para ello, nos centraremos en algunos neologismos formales que constituyen una evidencia clara de la creatividad l?xica y de la productividad de los procesos morfol?gicos (tiktoker, pyme, presintom?tico, entre otros). Por otro lado, determinar si constituyen las redes sociales un corpus ling??stico o si se consideran meras fuentes de acceso a la informaci?n. En este marco, trataremos de establecer c?mo es de representativo Twitter comparado con el CORPES XXI con el fin de descubrir qu? herramienta resulta m?s ?til para el estudio de neologismos. En este trabajo, adem?s, se presentan y discuten las ventajas y los inconvenientes de la incorporaci?n de redes sociales como herramienta de estudio para la investigaci?n ling??stica.
[en] The present monographic of Hyssopus officinalis L. contains the botanical description of the plant, ecology, corology, growing, gathering and the drug conservation. The morphological and anatomical microscopic characteristics of the oficinal organs are analysed, after that, these knowledges are applied to the plant fragments. The therapeutical applications are studied once its chemical composition and its pharmacological action are analised. We have made reference to its possible toxicology, to its contraindications and to its quality control. Finally, some formulation aspects are dealed whith.

[es] En la presente monograf?a sobre Hyssopus officinalis L. se incluye la descripci?n bot?nica, ecolog?a, corolog?a, cultivo, recolecci?n y conservaci?n de la especie. Se analizan las caracter?sticas morfol?gicas y anat?mico-microsc?picas de los ?rganos oficinales, para despu?s aplicar estos conocimientos a la planta troceada (trociscos). Se estudian las aplicaciones terap?uticas, una vez vista la composici?n qu?mica y su acci?n farmacol?gica. Se hace referencia a su posible toxicidad, contraindicaciones y control de calidad.Finalmente, se tratan algunos aspectos de la formulaci?n.
[en] The Economic Society of Friends of the Country of Asturias, Spain, was an instrument of enlightened reformism which operated in a region with serious economic backwardness. It was born in 1780 at the initiative of Campomanes and responds to the Matritense model, meaning that it focused on economic development and popular education. It is known that Jovellanos directly participated in the establishment of the Royal Institute of Nautical Studies and Mineralogy of Gij?n. In this work, the historical method of research in education was used with the objective of determining the sociogenesis of the kind of technical mathematics that was taught in this Institute. The results show the role of the Asturian Economic Society in the creation of the Institute and we also analysed the teaching and curriculum of mathematics that was taught there, and if it was in line with the internal debates of the discipline in that historical moment. The limitations of the Jovellanista model of the Technical Training School for Sailors and Miners created in Gij?n are made clear, although the attempt to start it up in such a peripheral place is no less remarkable.

[es] La Sociedad Econ?mica de Amigos del Pa?s de Asturias, Espa?a, fue un instrumento del reformismo ilustrado que oper? en una regi?n con grave atraso econ?mico. Naci? en 1780 por iniciativa de Campomanes y responde al modelo matritense, es decir que se centr? en el desarrollo econ?mico y la educaci?n popular. Se sabe que Jovellanos particip? directamente en la creaci?n del Real Instituto de Estudios N?uticos y Mineralog?a de Gij?n. En este trabajo se utiliz? el m?todo hist?rico de la investigaci?n en educaci?n con el objetivo de determinar la sociog?nesis del tipo de matem?tica t?cnica que se impart?a en este Instituto. Los resultados muestran el papel de la Sociedad Econ?mica Asturiana en la creaci?n del Instituto y tambi?n analizamos la ense?anza y curr?culo de las matem?ticas que all? se impart?a, y si estaba en consonancia con los debates internos de la disciplina en ese momento hist?rico. Quedan claras las limitaciones del modelo jovellanista de Escuela T?cnica Superior de Marineros y Mineros creado en Gij?n, aunque no menos destacable el intento de ponerlo en marcha en un lugar tan perif?rico.