[en] The nationalist violence between Chileans and Peruvians that occurred before the plebiscite vote that would define the sovereignty of Tacna and Arica is unique in the history of Latin America. Its uniqueness lies in the long wait that these inhabitants suffered to resolve a crucial aspect in the conformation of their national identities, because according to the Treaty of Anc?n of 1883 that ended the War of the Pacific, the election should have been held in 1894. For these reasons, this article analyzes the nationalist aggressiveness between Chileans and Peruvians during 1925-1926 in Tacna and Arica, emphasizing that practiced by the latter group, since historiography has not clearly highlighted the use of this Peruvian political resource. The objective is to contextualize the causes of said aggressiveness and analyze it from psychoanalysis. For this, government, criminal and journalistic sources were used to which a documentary and index analysis linked to psychoanalytic theory was carried out. It is concluded that aggressiveness was exercised in a similar way by Chileans and Peruvians, and that it was legitimized by social institutions that justified the violence during the elections. In this sense, it is essential to suggest as a research finding that during the phase studied it is possible to distinguish a ?narcissism from small differences?, a concept taken from psychoanalysis to make a reading about the specular rivalry between Chileans and Peruvians, which was founded on differential elements that overlooked the common features that united these peoples.

[es] La violencia nacionalista entre chilenos y peruanos acaecida antes de la votaci?n plebiscitaria que definir?a la soberan?a de Tacna y Arica es ?nica en la historia de Am?rica Latina. Su singularidad radica en la larga espera que esos habitantes padecieron para resolver un aspecto crucial en la conformaci?n de sus identidades nacionales, pues de acuerdo con el Tratado de Anc?n de 1883 que puso fin a la Guerra del Pac?fico, la elecci?n deb?a haberse efectuado en 1894. Por esas razones este art?culo analiza la agresividad nacionalista entre chilenos y peruanos durante 1925-1926 en Tacna y Arica enfatizando en la practicada por el ?ltimo grupo, puesto que la historiograf?a no ha destacado con claridad la utilizaci?n de ese recurso pol?tico peruano. El objetivo es contextualizar las causas de dicha agresividad y analizarla desde el psicoan?lisis. Para ello se utilizaron fuentes gubernamentales, criminales y period?sticas a las que se practic? un an?lisis documental e indiciario vinculado con la teor?a psicoanal?tica. Se concluye que la agresividad se ejerci? de manera similar por chilenos y peruanos, y que ?sta fue legitimada por instituciones sociales que justificaron la violencia durante las elecciones. En ese sentido es fundamental sugerir como un hallazgo de la investigaci?n que durante la fase estudiada es posible distinguir un ?narcisismo de las peque?as diferencias?, concepto tomado del psicoan?lisis para hacer una lectura sobre la rivalidad especular entre chilenos y peruanos, que se ciment? sobre elementos diferenciales que pasaron por alto los rasgos comunes que un?an a dichos pueblos.