[en] The particular characteristics of the big developments to sky opened of the metallic mining industry and of the mining industry of the coal, which there originate hollows of big dimensions, do that the only option, viable, reasonable and sustainable of rehabilitation of the space directly affected by the excavation it is his flood, giving place to so called "lakes of mine". This solution is not exempt, at first, from complications; nevertheless, it is necessary to emphasize that nowadays different methods and technologies of treatment are known to control and to improve the quality of the waters of these masses, which does that the transformation of the hollows of exploitation in lakes offers the opportunity to put in value the mining landscape across new options of sustainable use of the soil. The object of the present work, which one presents as doctoral thesis, is to demonstrate that the formation of mining lakes is not only an environmental effective and ideal solution for the restoration of the developments to opened sky, but in addition a solution constitutes problematic others of the land management, especially the relative one to the management of the water resources and the hydrological planning, revealing the importance of the plan of restoration of the space affected by the mining activities as juridical preventive instrument of sustainable management and planning of the territory in the short and long term, integrated in an effective way in the system of environmental plans that arrange in a direct way the use of the soil. In this study there has been realized a direct examination of the scientific, technological, administrative, juridical and social aspects related to the formation of mining lakes to end up by defining the frame of action and the suitable bases with which to improve the sustainable creation, the effective regeneration and the future long-term use of these masses of water artificial, subject to the application of the Board I Mark of the Water.

[gl] As características particulares das grandes explotacións a ceo aberto da minaría metálica e da minaría do carbón, que orixinan ocos de grandes dimensións, fan que a única opción, viable, razoable e sostible de rehabilitación do espazo directamente afectado pola escavación sexa a súa inundación, dando lugar aos chamados "lagos de mina". Esta solución non está exenta, en principio, de complicacións; non obstante, hai que destacar que actualmente se coñecen diferentes métodos e técnicas de tratamento para controlar e mellorar a calidade das augas destas masas, o que fai que a transformación dos ocos de explotación en lagos ofreza a oportunidade de poñer en valor a paisaxe mineira a través de novas opcións de uso sostible do chan. O obxecto do presente traballo, que se presenta como tese doutoral, é demostrar que a formación de lagos mineiros non é só unha solución ambiental eficaz e óptima para a restauración das explotacións a ceo aberto, senón que ademais constitúe unha solución a outras problemáticas da ordenación do territorio, en particular a relativa á xestión dos recursos hídricos e a planificación hidrolóxica, poñendo de manifesto a importancia do plan de restauración do espazo afectado polas actividades mineiras como instrumento xurídico preventivo de xestión sostible e planificación do territorio a curto e longo prazo, integrado de xeito efectivo no sistema de plans ambientais que ordenan de xeito directo o uso do chan. Neste estudo realizouse un exame directo dos aspectos científicos, tecnolóxicos, administrativos, xurídicos e sociais relacionados coa formación de lagos mineiros para concluír definindo o marco de actuación e as bases axeitadas coas que mellorar a creación sostible, a rexeneración efectiva e o uso futuro a longo prazo destas masas de auga artificiais, suxeitas á aplicación da Directiva Marco da Auga.