[en] Introduction and objectives. Pregnancy is a risk factor for the development of musculoskeletal pathology due to the physical and hormonal changes suffered by the woman's body at this stage. Many of these pathologies come to accompany the woman the rest of her life for being something considered "normal", until now. The main objective of the present review is to analyze the efficacy of therapeutic exercise in the prevention and resolution of the main musculoskeletal pathologies related to pregnancy and postpartum. Material and methods. We searched the PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Scopus, PEDro and Web Of Science databases, using the keywords therapeutic exercise, pregnancy and postpartum. Studies were included for 5 years, in Spanish, English and Portuguese, randomized clinical trials and systematic reviews. Results. We obtained 23 results: 7 systematic reviews and 16 randomized clinical trials. These have been divided according to whether they approached prepartum or postpartum, the type of study and the pathology they studied. The methods of therapeutic exercise used are, on a large scale, pelvic floor muscle training, general aerobic exercise and muscle strengthening exercise. The pathologies addressed are: urinary incontinence, anal incontinence, lumbar pain, pelvic pain and / or lumbo - pelvic pain, abdominal diastasis and pelvic organ prolapse. In general, beneficial results of the therapeutic exercise were observed in the approach of the different pathologies. Conclusions. The studies included in the review show promising results in relation to the efficacy of therapeutic exercise in the prevention and treatment of different musculoskeletal pathologies related to pregnancy and postpartum. However, it is necessary to carry out new studies with good methodological quality before being able to state which is the best technique and the best protocol for approaching these pathologies.

[gl] Introdución e obxectivos. O embarazo é un factor de risco para o desenvolvemento da patoloxía musculoesquelética debido aos cambios físicos e hormonais sufridos polo corpo da muller nesta fase. Moitas destas patoloxías acompañan á muller o resto da súa vida por ser algo considerado "normal", ata agora. O obxectivo principal da presente revisión é analizar a eficacia do exercicio terapéutico na prevención e resolución das principais patoloxías musculoesqueléticas relacionadas co embarazo e o posparto. Material e métodos. Realízase una búsqueda nas bases de datos PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Scopus, PEDro e Web Of Science, usando as palabras chave exercicio terapéutico, embarazo e postparto. Incluíronse estudos dende hai 5 anos, en español, inglés e portugués, ensaios clínicos aleatorizados e análises sistemáticas. Resultados. Obtivemos 23 resultados: 7 revisións sistemáticas e 16 ensaios clínicos aleatorizados. Estes foron divididos en función de se estudaban o preparto ou o posparto, ó tipo de estudo e á patoloxía que investigaban. Os métodos de exercicio terapéutico que se utilizan son, a grande escala, o entrenamento do solo pélvico, o exercicio aeróbico xeral e o exercicio de fortalecemento muscular. As patoloxías abordadas son: incontinencia urinaria, incontinencia anal, dor lumbar, dor pélvica e / ou dor lumbo-pélvica, diástasis abdominal e prolapso de órganos pélvicos. En xeral, observáronse resultados beneficiosos do exercicio terapéutico no enfoque das distintas patoloxías. Conclusións. Os estudos inclusives na revisión presentan resultados prometedores en relación coa eficacia do exercicio terapéutico na prevención e tratamento das diferentes patoloxías musculoesqueléticas relacionadas co embarazo e o posparto. Non obstante, é necesario realizar novos estudos con boa calidade metodolóxica antes de poder afirmar cal é a mellor técnica e o mellor protocolo para abordar estas patoloxías.