[en] The study was born in the context of the evolution of modern cities towards a hostile and dangerous space that, due to gentrification, pollution, capitalization and where the vehicle is the main articulating agent of urbanism and the system, is no longer a place of and for life. After a process of modernization, growth and consolidation, and criticizing this event, many cities, for example, Barcelona, seek its pacification and the reversion of this regime. Following the will of these processes of change, we wanted to look for a subject within society that would characterize the vulnerability, within this violent artifice, in order to make a study on what are the elements that contribute and establish this change, and starting from the idea of studying the problem, to find a solution, from the base. Children, as dependent on their caregivers and in the process of learning, that is, with their development in process, are the chosen subject. Even so, I choose children as a representation of the vulnerability to the exposure that we, the neighbors of the city, suffer to these systems, as their vulnerability comes from the fact that they do not have social behaviors fully applied, they understand and perceive the space in a different way and they have needs where cures are more present. It is evident that each subject has its own characteristics and, therefore, its needs and deficiencies, but the sensitivity that they represent, also frames the other subjects: the neighbors who, close to being expelled within the city, do not find their space within it, such as the elderly, women, people with reduced mobility, people with functional diversity or physical or mental disabilities, migrants, young people with few economic resources... In addition, the way the city, the public space and the urban environment is designed will have a direct influence on the dependence of the most vulnerable neighbors, thus denying their full capacity for emancipation and binding them even more to the dominant system. Thus, fleeing from theories, which often are not able to land and translate into our realities, this work has focused on field studies as the main tool. The intention is to analyze the behavior and development of children in different urban fabrics. In this research work, the objective is to characterize, through observation and repetition, the urban fabrics that allow a greater development, understanding development as the main characteristic of children, where learning, self-perception and play have a relevant role. Therefore, those layouts that are more friendly for the subject, and, above all, to find which are those urban and design characteristics that endow them with this condition. In order to choose the neighborhoods that will be the objects of study, it is taken into account that cities are a set of diverse fabrics and structures that converge and interact, while at the same time separating and distinguishing themselves. The first theoretical and distinctive layouts of the city of Barcelona are chosen, which represent this diversity, either by their antiquity, their history, their structure with respect to public space-private space, their urban functioning... and a representative area of these. The chosen fabrics are the Eixample of Barcelona, a housing estate (Montbau), a suburban area (Can Baró neighborhood) and a historic center (Gracia). The field visits, the compilation of actions, the drawing of these actions and the subsequent classification of the different activities and behaviors of the children within these different fabrics, allow us to elaborate an X-ray of the limits and the dimension and vastness of this public space. This radiogram allows us to draw conclusions of qualification and quantification of spaces and of parameters and needs that could be extrapolated, in a certain way, to the rest of the tissues. The main and generic objective of the study is to establish the relationship between architecture and public space and children from a physical and experiential point of view.

[es] El estudio nace en el marco de un proceso de modernización, crecimiento y consolidación, y haciendo crítica al sucesos de hostilidad ( la gentrificación, la contaminación, la capitalización y donde el vehículo es el principado agente articulador del urbanismo y del sistema) a través del cual muchas ciudades, por ejemplo, Barcelona, buscan su pacificación y la reversión de este régimen. Siguiendo las voluntades de estos procesos de cambios, se ha querido buscar un sujeto dentro de la sociedad que caracterizara la vulnerabilidad, dentro de este artificio violento, para poder hacer un estudio sobre cuáles son los elementos que aportan e instauran este cambio, y partiendo de la idea de estudiar la problemática, para encontrar una solución, desde la base. Los niños, en cuanto que dependientes de sus cuidadores y en proceso de aprendizaje, es decir, con su desarrollo en proceso, son el sujeto escogido. Su vulnerabilidad parte del hecho que no tienen del todo aplicadas las conductas sociales, entienden y perciben el espacio de una manera diferente y, tienen unas necesidades donde las curas están más presentes. Se ha enfocado este trabajo donde la herramienta principal son los estudios de campo. La intención es analizar el comportamiento y desarrollo de los niños en los diferentes tejidos urbanos. El estudio tiene por objetivo principal y genérico establecer la relación entre arquitectura y espacio público y los niños y las niñas bajo una mirada física y de vivencia Es decir, caracterizar, a partir de la observación, los tejidos urbanos que permiten un mayor desarrollo, entendiendo desarrollo como principal característica de los niños, donde aprendizaje, percepción propia y juego tienen un papel relevante. Por lo tanto, aquellos tejidos que son más amables para el sujeto, y, sobre todo, encontrar cuáles son aquellas características urbanas y de diseño que los dotan de esta condición. Los tejidos elegidos son el Eixample de Barcelona, ​​polígono de viviendas (Montbau), tejido suburbano (el barrio de Can Baró) y un centro histórico (Gràcia). Las visitas de campo, la recopilación de acciones, el dibujo de éstas y, la posterior clasificación de las diferentes actividades y comportamientos de los niños dentro de estos diferentes tejidos, permiten elaborar una radiografía de los límites y su dimensión y vastitud espacio público. Este radiograma nos permite extraer conclusiones de calificación y cuantificación de espacios y de parámetros y necesidades que serían extrapolables, en cierto modo, al resto de tejidos. El estudio tiene por objetivo principal y genérico establecer la relación entre arquitectura y espacio público y los niños y niñas bajo una mirada física y de vivencia.