[en] The transmission capacity of the electrical system is extremely variable in the case of overhead lines due to its dependence on weather conditions. Nowadays constant meteorological conditions are assumed to define the thermal limit of the lines statically, depending on the location and time of year, the limit is known as the Static Line Rating (SLR). But it is important to consider that most of the time the real thermal limit is higher since the static limit is calculated with unfavorable conditions. Therefore, it is interesting to use the dynamic capacity, known as the Dynamic Line Rating (DLR), in real time. DLR is a technology designed to modify the capacity of an airline based on meteorological observation and thus make better use of the capacity of the lines. To begin with, an analysis of the state of the art is carried out. In this analysis, the transmission capacity of power lines has been studied, focusing on the influence of climatic parameters and comparing static ampacity with dynamic ampacity. In addition, the operation of the electrical system has been analyzed, taking into account the different markets and the mechanisms to achieve a balance between production and demand. As mentioned, the objective of the project is to analyze the economic benefits of using the DLR, so different studies with the same purpose are also reviewed. Finally, different studies, where the benefits obtained when applying dynamic ampacity are explained, are also considered. To analyze the benefits obtained by using DLR in this project, different simulations have been carried out, using DIgSILENT's PowerFactory and Python programming language. Among the simulations, different uses of DLR have been analyzed, both in forecasts and in real time, or different levels of risk of exceeding the real capacity of the lines. Taking into account the results obtained in the simulations, modifications have been made in real time to also calculate their costs. These modifications are really important, because due to the modifications exceeding the real capacity of the lines can be avoided, or even the opportunity to modify the defined production to inject more renewable energy is studied, obtaining economic and environmental benefits.

[eu] Sistema elektrikoaren garraio ahalmena oso aldakorra da aireko lineen kasuan, eguraldiaren menpe baitago. Gaur egun baldintza meteorologiko konstante batzuk definitzen dira, lekuaren eta urteko garaiaren arabera, lineen muga termikoa estatikoki definitzeko, hau da, Line Static Rating (SLR) bezala ezagutzen dena erabiltzen da. Baina, gehienetan, benetako muga termikoa handiagoa da, muga estatikoa baldintza meteorologiko desegokiekin kalkulatzen baita. Hori dela eta, interesgarria da denbora errealean gaitasun dinamikoa erabiltzea, hau da, Dynamic Line Rating (DLR) bezala ezagutzen dena. DLR, momentu bakoitzeko faktore meteorologikoak kontuan hartuz, aireko lineen garraio ahalmena aldatzeko diseinatutako teknologia da eta, beraz, teknologia mota hau erabiliz, lineen ahalmena gehiago aprobetxatu daiteke uneoro. Hasteko, egungo egoeraren azterketa egin da. Analisi honetan, linea elektrikoen garraio-ahalmena, hau da, anpazitatea, aztertu da, batez ere parametro klimatikoen eraginari erreparatuz eta anpazitate estatikoa eta anpazitate dinamikoa alderatuz. Gainera, sistema elektrikoaren operazioa aztertu da, merkatu desberdinak eta produkzioaren eta eskariaren arteko oreka beti lortzeko mekanismoak kontuan hartuta. Esan bezala, proiektuaren helburua DLRa erabiltzeak dakartzan onura ekonomikoak aztertzea da, eta horregatik, helburu bera daukaten ikerketa desberdinak ere berrikusten dira. Azkenik, ampazitate dinamikoa erabiltzeak dakartzan onurak azaltzen diren ikerketa desberdinak aztertu dira baita. Proiektu honetan DLR erabiliz lortutako onurak aztertzeko, simulazio desberdinak egin dira, DIgSILENT-en PowerFactory eta Python programazio lengoaia erabiliz. Simulazioen artean, DLRren erabilera desberdinak aztertu dira, bai iragarpenetan, bai denbora errealean, edo lineen ahalmen erreala gainditzeko arrisku maila desberdinak. Simulazioetan lortutako emaitzak kontuan hartuta, aldaketak egin dira denbora errealean, haien kostuak ere kalkulatzeko. Denbora errealean egiten diren aldaketak oso garrantzitsuak dira, lineen ahalmen erreala gainditzea saihesten delako. Gainera, definitutako programazioa aldatzeko aukera ere aztertu da, horrela energia berriztagarri gehiago injektatu ahal izateko, batez ere energia eolikoa, onura ekonomikoak eta ingurumen-onurak lortuz.