[en] The presence of a wind farm causes several effects on the electromagnetic signals that may degrade the quality of the telecommunication services provided nearby. In regard to television broadcasting, these effects are notable for the analogue signal. However, a potential impact of a wind farm on digital television broadcasting had not yet been assessed. Apart from that, the evaluation of the potential degradation on these services has been traditionally carried out by means of scattering models that only account for the signal scattered by the blades of a wind turbine. These classic models do not consider neither the mast contribution to the scattered signal nor the time variability due to the blade rotation or the joint influence of a wind farm composed of several turbines. In this context, the first of the two main objectives of this thesis is the empirical evaluation of the degradation caused to the DVB‐T digital television signals reception due to the presence of a nearby wind farm. From this measurement‐based study, it can be concluded that it is in the backscattering region where the most critical reception conditions are encountered. In this zone, the propagation channel can be characterized by a discrete time‐varying multipath channel. Therefore, in order to determine future possible degradations on the services provided in the UHF band, the second main objective of this thesis focuses on proposing a new channel model to characterize the multipath propagation typical of the area surrounding a wind farm. This channel model is adaptable to the particular features of each case under study: relative position transmitter‐wind turbine‐receiver, wind turbine dimensions, maximum rotation rate, characteristics of the transmitter and receiver radiating systems, and working frequency. In this way, the results obtained in this research work give answer to the studies requested by the International Telecommunications Union since the first cases of impact were detected

[eu] Parke eolikoek hainbat efektu eragiten dute seinale elektromagnetikoetan eta, ondorioz, zenbait kasutan, inguruan eskaintzen diren telekomunikazio zerbitzuek kalitatearen degradazioa jasan dezakete. Telebistari dagokionez, efektu hauek nabarmenak dira seinale analogikoaren kasuan. Aitzitik, parke eolikoek telebista digitalean izan dezaketen eragina ez da oraindik zehaztu. Bestalde, oraindaino telebista zerbitzuek izandako inpaktuaren ebaluazioa sakabanatze-ereduen bidez egin da. Sakabanatze-eredu klasiko hauek palek sakabanatzen duten seinalea baino ez dute adierazten; eta horrenbestez, ez dute kontuan hartzen dorreak sakabanatzen duen seinalea, ez besoen errotazio mugimenduak eragindako denbora aldakortasuna, ezta hainbat aerosorgailuz osatutako parkearen eragin bateratua ere. Testuinguru honetan, ikerkuntza lan honen lehen helburu nagusia definitzen da: parke eoliko batek DVB-T sisteman eragin dezakeen harrera-degradazioaren ebaluazio enpirikoa egitea. Neurketetan oinarritutako analisi honetatik, harrerabaldintza zailenak backsckattering delako eremuan gertatzen direla ondorioztatzen da, non hedapenak Ibilbide anitzeko eredua jarraitzen duen. Eredu honen portaera denborarekin aldakorra izango da palen errotazio mugimenduaren ondorioz. Horrez gain, UHF bandan igorritako zerbitzuetan gerta daitezkeen degradazioak aurreikusi ahal izateko, tesiaren bigarren helburua zehazten da: parke eoliko baten inguruan sortutako hedapen tipikoa deskribatzen duen kanal eredu berria proposatzea. Kanal eredu hau aztergai dauden kasu guztien baldintza partikularretara moldatzen da, eta kontuan hartzen du, besteak beste: transmisore-turbina-hargailu arteko kokapen erlatiboa, aerosorgailuaren tamaina, palen errotazio gehienezko abiadura, transmisore eta hargailuaren antenen ezaugarriak, eta frekuentzia. Tesi honetan lortutako emaitzei esker, lehenengo kasuak antzeman zirenetik Telekomunikazioen Nazioarteko Batasunak proposatutako ikerketa eskariei erantzuna ematen zaie.