[en] Introduction: Physical activity has a number of benefits for the person who practises it, but it also carries the risk of injury. As much as 50% of injuries involve the lower limb, the most frequent being acute ankle injuries. Today there is a great deal of controversy in the identification of the different risk factors (RF) which result in an ankle injury, but it has been shown that risk factors are different for women and men. Objective: To examine the intrinsic risk factors resulting in acute ankle injuries in sportswomen. To assess the reliability of two tests that are commonly used to determine the functional state of the ankle as a condition for ankle injuries. Method: Three systematic reviews were conducted: 1) on the risk factors for ankle injuries, 2) on the reliability of the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) and 3) on the reliability of the weight bearing dorsiflexion tests (WBDT). The characteristics and quality of the included studies were analyzed and meta-analyses (MA) of the results using Stata© were performed whenever possible. Two field studies (reliability studies) with repeated measures design were also conducted on SEBT and on WBDT. The reliability of the tests was assessed using different methods: the Bland-Altman method; intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC); Pearson´s r; standard error of the measurement; and cut-off point, using Medcalc® and SPSS® programmes for all of them. Partcipants: Physically active adult sportswomen. The tests carried out in the reliability studies were applied to volleyball players: 9 (aged 15.11 ± 3.56 years) for the SEBT and 46 (aged 16.26 ± 2.81 years) for the WBDT. Results: Although 103 risk factors were studied, MA could only be carried out on 12 because of the lack of replications of the RF. It was not possible to confirm or discard any of the RF. The SEBT has an adequate ICC, but the random error was between 3.86 cm and 11.06 cm. The WBDT has a high ICC and a small random error in all the measurement methods used in this study. Conclusions: None of the variables studied have proven to be a risk factor for acute ankle injuries in sportswomen. The SEBT is not a reliable test since it has a high random error. The WBDT have been proven reliable to assess ankle dorsiflexion.

[eu] Sarrera: Jarduera fisikoa oso onuragarria da pertsonarentzat, baina lesionatzeko arriskua ere badago hau praktikatzean. Lesioen %50 behe atalean gertatzen dira, eta hauen artean errepikatuena orkatileko lesio akutuak dira. Gaur egun, eztabaida handia dago orkatileko lesio hauen barne arrisku faktoreak (AR) zehazteko orduan, hala ere faktore hauek emakume eta gizonen artea ezberdinak direla frogatua dago. Helburua: Emakume kirolarientzat orkatileko lesio akutu bat izateko barne arrisku faktoreak aztertzea. Orkatilaren egoera anatomiko-funtzioanala zehazteko arrunki erabiltzen diren bi frogen fidagarritasuna ebaluatu orkatileko lesioen aurretiko baldintza bezala. Metodoak: Hiru errebisio sistematiko (ERS) egin genituen: 1) orkatilen AR-ei buruz, 2) Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) –aren fidagarritasunari buruz y 3) bermean egindako dorsiflexio frogen (BEDF) fidagarritasunari buruz. ERS sartutako ikerlanen ezaugarriak eta kalitatea aztertu genuen eta emaitzen meta-analisia (MA) egin genuen Stata© bidez posible izan zenean. Honez gain, bi landa ikerlan egin genituen zeharkako neurketa errepikatu diseinua erabiliz (fidagarritasun ikerketak): 1) SEBT-ei buruz y 2) BEDF-ei buruz. Fidagarritasuna Bland eta Altman metodoa, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), Pearsonen r-a, standard error of the measurement and cut-off point kalkulatuz aztertu genuen Medcalc® y SPSS® erabiliz. Partehartzaileak: Jarduera fisikoa egiten duten emakume helduak. Landa ikerketetarako boleibol jokalari lagin bat hartu genuen: 9 (15,11 ± 3,56 urte) SEBT-rako eta 46 PDFA fidagarritasun frogarako (16,26 ± 2,81 urte). Emaitzak: 103 AR desberdin ikertu dira, baina MA 12-rekin bakarrik posible izan da AR errepikakortasun faltagatik. Ezinezkoa izan da ikertutako AR-etatik bat ere berretsi ezta baztertu ere. SEBT ICC egokia dauka, baina 3,86 cm eta 11,06 cm bitarteko zorizko errorea dauka. PDFA-ak ICC egokia daukate, eta hauen zorizko errorea txikia da. Ondorioak: Ez da ziurtatu emakume kirolarien orkatileko lesioentzako arrisku faktorerik. SEBT ez da froga fidagarria zorizko errore altua duelako. PDFA-k dorsiflexioa neurtzeko froga fidagarriak dira.