[en] This document contains the experimental study consisting of a comparison between different catalysts for hydrogen production from biogas, using advanced reaction systems, microreactors. Hydrogen is an energy carrier that can be used as fuel, and therefore, a perfect candidate to replace those fuels that come from fossil sources. This Project based on the development of a process known as biogas tri-reforming. The main advantage of this hydrogen production technique, compared to the conventional ones, regards to the raw material used, biogas, which is a renewable source. In order to carry out this study, different catalysts were prepared, all of them based on platinum. The choice of this noble metal is due to its high reactivity, especially when used in micro-structured reaction systems. With the aim of reducing the cost associated to the catalyst itself, cheaper metals were mixed with platinum, to analyze their suitability under tri-reforming process conditions. Therefore, being the catalyst containing 5% of platinum the reference, other catalysts were prepared with the same total metal amount, 5%. These catalysts were denoted as follows: 2.5(Pt-Me), being Me the second metallic specie. After catalysts preparation, several experiments using a conventional fixed bed reactor were conducted. The objective was to stablish certain experimental conditions to allow an appropriate comparison between catalysts. Thus, catalytic activity tests were performed at extremely low temperatures and high space velocities, through which the differences between catalysts were more significant. Once the operating conditions for an optimal comparison between catalysts were stablished, the corresponding activity tests using microreactors were carried out. These tests were based on operating at a constant space velocity to study the influence of temperature. In addition, stability tests were performed for 110 hours under the most unfavorable operating conditions. Finally, the comparison of the experimental tests was carried out basing on the CH4 and CO2 conversions and the H2 yield calculated. It was concluded that the best candidate for the tri-reforming process is the catalyst 2.5(Pt-Pd).

[eu] Dokumentu honetan aurkezten den ikerketa esperimentala, hidrogenoa erreakzio sistema aurreratuetan, mikroerreaktoreetan, ekoizteko katalizatzaile ezberdinen konparaketan oinarritzen da. Hidrogenoa erregai bezala erabili daitekeen bektore energetikoa da, hori dela eta, iturri fosiletan jatorria duten erregaiak ordezkatzeko hautagai perfektua kontsidera daiteke. Gradu amaierako proiektu hau biogasaren tri-erreformatutzat ezagutzen den prozesuan datza. Teknika honek, teknika konbentzionalek ez bezala, hainbat abantaila aurkezten ditu, erabilitako lehengaia iturri berriztagarria baita. Ikerketa hau aurrera eramateko platinoa oinarritzat duten katalizatzaile ezberdinak prestatu dira. Metal hau, erreakzio sistema mikro-egituratuetan erabiltzen denean duen erreaktibitate maila altuagatik aukeratu da. Katalizatzailearen kostuak merketzeko asmoz, platinoari merkeagoak diren beste metal batzuk gehitu zaizkio, tri-erreformatuaren prozesurako duten egokitasuna aztertzeko. Beraz, %5 platinoa duen erreferentziazko katalizatzaile batean oinarrituta, platinoa eta beste metal batez osatutako beste katalizatzaile batzuk prestatu ziren, %5 metal kantitate totala mantenduz. Katalizatzaile hauek horrela izendatu dira: 2.5(Pt-Me), Me bigarren metala izanik. Katalizatzaileak prestatu ostean, ohantze finkoko erreaktore batean hainbat esperimentu gauzatu ziren. Honen xedea, katalizatzaileen arteko konparaketa egokia ziurtatzen duten operazio baldintza batzuk ezartzea zen. Horrela, tenperatura eta abiadura espazial ezberdinetan, aktibitate katalitiko saiakera ezberdinak egin ziren katalizatzaileen arteko ezberdintasunak nabarmentzen zituzten muturreko baldintza batzuk ezartzeko. Behin katalizatzaileen arteko konparaketa gauzatzea ahalbidetzen duten operazio baldintza egoki batzuk zehaztuta, katalizatzaileak mikroerreaktore izeneko erreakzio sistemetan inpregnatu eta entsaioak gauzatu ziren. Entsaio hauek, abiadura konstante bat mantenduz, tenperaturaren eraginaren azterketan oinarritu ziren. Horretaz gain, 110 ordura arteko egonkortasun entsaioak gauzatu ziren katalizatzaileentzako baldintza kaltegarrienetan. Azkenik aztertutako formula katalitiko guztiekin lortutako CH4 eta CO2-aren konbertsioak, baita H2-aren etekina alderatu ziren eta. 2.5(Pt-Pd) katalizatzailea, probatu ziren formulazio katalitiko guztien artean tri-erreformaturako hautagirik egokiena zela ondorioztatu zen.