[en] Black polyethylene as mulch is the most extended material among vegetable growers; however, photodegradable and biodegradable films have appeared as an alternative to conventional mulches due to the risk of the progressive contamination of soils. Reflective materials reflect back most of the incoming solar radiation, being recommended in areas characterized by high soil temperatures. We compared the effect of three mulches, black polyethylene, black biodegradable corn starch plastic and aluminized photodegradable plastic on a tomato crop in an open field.We measured mulch deterioration, soil temperature under mulches, tomato yield and fruit quality attributes (total soluble solids, firmness, dry weight, juice content and shape). Biodegradable mulch performed its function successfully and disappeared visually from the soil about three months after the crop was finished. Photodegradable mulch deteriorated prematurely and polyethylene film was practically intact at the end of season. Significant differences in mean soil temperature under mulches were observed (27.8&ordm;C in biodegradable, 28.7&ordm;C in aluminized and 31.8&ordm;C in polyethylene), although they did not have a marked effect on the crop yield. Marketable yields were similar in both biodegradable and polyethylene mulches (9.82 and 8.66 kg m-2, respectively), and higher than those recorded in aluminized photodegradable mulch (6.85 kg m-2), which resulted in the highest sunscald in fruits. No effect on the fruit quality attributes was observed. Biodegradable plastic mulches could be a good alternative to the traditional plastic films, and aluminized photodegradable mulches seem not very&nbsp;advisable because they reduce marketable yield and could increase the incidence of sunscald.

[es] El polietileno negro es el acolchado m&aacute;s utilizado por los horticultores; sin embargo, debido al riesgo de progresiva contaminaci&oacute;n de los suelos, han aparecido materiales fotodegradables y biodegradables como alternativa a los convencionales. Los materiales reflectivos reflejan la mayor parte de la radiaci&oacute;n solar incidente, siendo recomendados en zonas con altas temperaturas de suelo. Se ha comparado el efecto de tres acolchados, polietileno negro, pl&aacute;stico negro biodegradable de almid&oacute;n de ma&iacute;z y pl&aacute;stico aluminizado fotodegradable, en un cultivo de tomate al aire libre. Se ha controlado su deterioro visual, la temperatura del suelo, la cosecha y par&aacute;metros de calidad de los frutos (s&oacute;lidos solubles, firmeza, peso seco, jugosidad y forma). El material biodegradable cumpli&oacute; con &eacute;xito su funci&oacute;n y desapareci&oacute; visualmente unos tres meses despu&eacute;s de finalizar el cultivo. El fotodegradable se deterior&oacute; r&aacute;pidamente y el polietileno negro permaneci&oacute; pr&aacute;cticamente intacto al final del ciclo. Se observaron diferencias significativa en las temperaturas medias del suelo bajo los acolchados (27,8&ordm;C en biodegradable, 28,7&ordm;C en aluminizado y 31,8&ordm;C en polietileno), aunque sin marcado efecto sobre la cosecha. Las producciones comerciales fueron similares en biodegradable y polietileno (9,82 y 8,66 kg m-2, respectivamente), superiores a las del aluminizado fotodegradable (6,85 kg m-2), tratamiento con mayor incidencia de frutos asolanados. No se han observado diferencias en los par&aacute;metros de calidad del fruto. Los acolchados con pl&aacute;sticos biodegradables constituyen una buena alternativa a los tradicionales, mientras que los aluminizados fotodegradables no parecen aconsejables porque reducen la producci&oacute;n comercial y pueden incrementar el asolanado en frutos.