[en] ABSTRACT (English): In a society in which fossil raw materials such as oil are rooted in almost all areas, we have been talking for years about a change in the energy model. There are several consequences that the immoderate lifestyle led by human beings has created so far: the plastic continent formed in the Pacific, the decrease of air quality in cities, deforestation... Trying to take steps towards a more sustainable future, several states in the world have committed to take measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, as is the case of the Paris Convention signed in 2015. However, this transition towards a more sustainable and cleaner life, beyond the measures that can be taken in institutions, will also involve a change in the individual's living habits, such as people's consumption habits. In the case of photovoltaic installations, for example, it will be necessary to rethink the way of consuming electricity: how to turn on high consumption appliances at times of higher generation ... As a result, even being a new issue, energy communities is a new concept that can revolutionize the mentality of society in the generation and management of energy, extending self-consumption from single owners to a group of people beyond. Throughout the proyect, the compatibility for individual and shared self-consumption in the Otxarkoaga neighbourhood of Bilbao will be analysed. With this work, the capacity to satisfy the energy consumption of the houses through photovoltaic energy will be determined. Giving different uses to the energy generated, 3 different cases have been proposed, analysing the benefits and weaknesses that the different models of self-consumption would have.

[eu] LABURPENA (Euskera): Petrolioa bezalako lehengai fosilak ia arlo denetan erroturik dauden gizartean, urteak dira energia trantsizioaren gaia bolo-bolo dabilela. Askotarikoak dira orain arte gizakiak eraman izan duen bizi estiloak ekarri dituen ondorioak: Ozeano Barean eratutako plastikozko kontinentea, hirietako aire kalitatearen beherakada, baso-soiltzea… Etorkizun jasangarriago bateranzko pausoak eman nahian, munduko hainbat estatuk berotegi efektuko gasen isurketak murrizteko neurriak hartzeko hitz eman dute, horren adibide da Parisko Hitzarmena, adibidez. Bizimodu jasangarri eta garbiago baterako trantsizio honek ordea, erakundeetan hartu daitezkeen neurriez haratago, norbanakoaren bizi ohiturak aldatzea ere ekarriko du, hala nola pertsonen kontsumo-ohiturak. Instalazio fotovoltaikoen kasuan esaterako, argindarra kontsumitzeko modua birpentsatu beharko da: kontsumo handiko etxetresna elektrikoak sorkuntza altueneko uneetan piztu… Honen harira, oraindik gai berria bada ere, energia komunitateen inguruko marko teoriko bat finkatzea lortu zuen Europak 2018. urtean. Kontzeptu berri honek gizarteak energia sortzeko eta kudeatzeko daukan pentsamoldea irauli dezake, autokontsumoa jabe bakarretatik haragoko pertsona-talde batera zabalduz. Proiektuan zehar Bilboko Otxarkoaga auzoaren norbanako autokontsumorako eta autokontsumo elkarbanaturako bateragarritasuna aztertuko da. Lan honekin etxebizitzek duten kontsumo energetikoa asetzeko ahalmena zehaztuko da energia fotovoltaikoaren bitartez. Sortutako energiari erabilera desberdinak emanez 3 kasu desberdin planteatu dira, autokontsumo eredu desberdinek edukiko lituzketen onurak eta ahuleziak aztertuz.