BSC-LT/ACAData huggingface dataset:
[en] The main objective of this work is to propose a didactic proposal that best adapts the Primary School playground to all the innovations and changes required by today's society. Playing is an activity that directly influences the development of the person, which has different functions (Corraliza, 2000); the school playground is the space offered by the school for this activity. Considering the predominance of football and basketball, and the discrimination and injustices generated by it in this space, a school in Vitoria realised the need to set up a project to renovate and reorganise the space. The school started the project with small but notable changes and I am presenting a proposal to give continuity to this project, proposing different alternatives with the aim of offering options beyond the predominant sports mentioned, promoting cooperation, interpersonal relationships and the personal development of each pupil. In addition to this, the creation of a natural area will seek the growth and learning of the pupils in contact with a natural environment.

[eu] Lan honen helburua Lehen Hezkuntzako eskola-patioa gaur egungo gizarteak eskatzen dituen berrikuntza eta aldaketa guztiei ahalik eta hoberen egokitzen den proposamen didaktikoa planteatzea da. Jolasa haurren garapenean eragin zuzena duen jarduera da eta funtzio zein eginkizun ezberdinak dituzte; haurraren garapen integralari ekarpen ugari eginez (Corraliza, 2000); jolastokia ekintza horretarako eskolak eskainitako eremua izanda. Espazio honetan futbola eta saskibaloiaren nagusitasuna eta horrek sortutako bazterkeria zein bidegabekeriak ikusita, Gasteizko eskola batek jolaslekua eraldatzeko proiektu baten beharra ikusi zuen. Eskolak proiektuari hasiera eman zion, aldaketa txikiak baino nabariak eginez eta nik jarraipena emateko proposamena luzatzen dut, kirol horien nagusitasunari alternatibak eskaintzea helburutzat dutenak, ikasleen arteko hezkidetza, harreman ezberdinak, eta garapena sustatzea bidea izanda. Horrez gain, ikasleak naturarekin harremanetan hezi eta haztea bilatuko da eremu natural baten sorrerarekin.
[en] This paper analyses the widely known legislative reform on sexual freedom, known as the "only yes is yes" law. This study embarks on the reconstruction of the most relevant events that have taken place since the beginning of this reform and simultaneously examines the various objections raised, relating them to the limiting principles of ius puniendi. Finally, it analyses, through the use of interpretative tools, the SC rulings that endorse the reduction of sentences on the grounds that the law is now more beneficial for the offender.

[eu] Lan honetan sexu-askatasunaren arloko lege-erreforma ezaguna, esatebaterako, " Bai bakarrik da bai" legea bezala ezagutzen dena aztertzen da. Azterketa honen bidez, hasieratik izandako gertakari garrantzitsuenak berreraikitzen dira, eta, aldi berean, planteatutako eragozpenak aztertzen dira, hauek ius puniendi-aren printzipio mugatzaileekin loturik. Azkenik, interpretazio-tresnak erabiliz, Auzitegi Gorenaren sententziak aztertzen dira, zehazki, zigorren murrizketa bermatzen dutenak legea errudunarentzat onuragarriagoa dela kontsideratu ostean.
[en] This paper analyzes the level of Spanish population´s financial literacy during the period 2016-2021, with the aim of obtaining improvements for society in this area. To achieve this purpose, financial education and financial inclusion concepts have been analyzed in detail. Both terms are closely related, as the second one plays a fundamental role in ensuring equal access for all people to financial products and services, but its effectiveness depends to a large extent on a solid financial literacy base of the population. Thus, to assess the Spanish population´s financial literacy level, the Financial Capabilities Survey conducted by the Spanish Bank in 2021 has been used and analyzed, which was allowed conclusions to be drawn to create a fairer economic environment for society.

[eu] Lan honetan 2016-2021 aldiko Espainiako biztanleriaren finantza-hezkuntza maila aztertzen da, arlo horretan gizartearentzat hobekuntzak lortzeko asmoarekin. Helburu hori lortzeko, finantza-hezkuntzaren eta-inklusioaren kontzeptuak xehetasunez aztertu dira. Bi termino horiek oso lotuta daude; izan ere, bigarrenak funtsezko zeregina betetzen du pertsona guztiei finantza-produktuak eta -zerbitzuak eskuratzeko aukera ekitatiboa bermatzen, baina haren eraginkortasuna, neurri handi batean, biztanleriaren finantza-ezagutzen oinarri sendo baten mende dago. Hori horrela, Espainiako biztanleriaren finantza-hezkuntza maila ebaluatzeko, Espainiako Bankuak 2021ean egindako Finantza Gaitasunen Inkesta (FGI) erabili eta analizatu da eta horren bidez, ondorioak atera dira gizartearentzat ingurune ekonomiko bidezkoagoa sortzeko.
[en] This research work focuses on the psycho-legal analysis of pregnancy denial disorder and its link to the crime of filicide. More specifically, it deals with the study of women who end the lives of their offspring as a result of suffering from this psychopathology. To do this, firstly, an approach is made to the crime known as filicide. The different existing classifications are detailed, the characteristics of those who commit it are identified and the most prevalent psychological disorders among the aggressors are determined. Next, the main elements of the disorders of denial of pregnancy, concealment, psychotic denial and non-psychotic or dissociative denial are described from a criminological perspective, based on illustrative cases. Within the disorder of non-psychotic or dissociative denial of pregnancy, we proceed to specify what a dissociative process consists of, specifying the profile of the women who suffer from it and its consequences for the mother and the baby. At the same time, emphasis is placed on the criminal legislation linked to the crime of filicide, imputability and security measures, based on the 1995 Penal Code. In addition, two cases of non-psychotic or dissociative denial of pregnancy are included. In the first case, the mother is convicted as criminally responsible for the crime of neonaticide, while in the second case, the suffering of a psychiatric disorder is recognised.

[eu] Ikerketa lan hau haurdunaldia ukatzeko nahasmenduaren azterketa psikojuridikoan eta horrek filizidio-delituarekin duen loturan zentratzen da. Zehazkiago, psikopatologia horren ondorioz beren ondorengoak hiltzen dituzten emakumeak aztertzen dira. Horretarako, lehenik eta behin, filizidio izenez ezagutzen den krimenaren hurbilketa egiten da. Dauden sailkapenak zehazten dira, sailkapena egiten dutenen ezaugarriak identifikatzen dira eta erasotzaileen artean prebalentzia handiena duten alterazio psikikoak zehazten dira. Jarraian, haurdunaldia ukatzeko nahasmenduen, ezkutatzearen, ukazio psikotikoaren eta ukazio ez-psikotiko edo disoziatiboaren elementu nagusiak deskribatzen dira, ikuspegi kriminologiko batetik, kasu argigarrietatik abiatuta. Haurdunaldiaren ukazio ez-psikotiko edo disoziatiboaren nahasmenduaren barruan, prozesu disoziatibo bat zertan datzan zehazten da, hura jasaten duten emakumeen profila eta horrek amarengan eta haurrarengan dituen ondorioak zehazten dira. Era berean, filizidio-delituari, egozgarritasunari eta segurtasun-neurriei lotutako legeria penala azpimarratzen da, 1995eko Zigor Kodea oinarri hartuta. Gainera, haurdunaldiaren ukapen ez-psikotiko edo disoziatiboko bi kasu sartzen dira. Lehenengoan, neonatizidio-delitu baten erantzule penal gisa kondenatzen dute ama, eta bigarrenean, berriz, desordena psikikoa aitortzen zaio.
[en] In the current context of economic crisis, transformation of the models of production and globalization, research, development and innovation (R&D&I) has become an essential factor for the growth of countries and the business leadership. In the search of such innovation, technological innovation, that is, the innovation in product or process, has gained great relevance due to the constant technological adaptations which enterprises must face nowadays. In addition, if having strategic information is in general important for the business so that it will not lose competitiveness, for innovation processes it is even more important. The strategic information can be obtained from many sources and the importance given to each of them is different. Considering that the objective of this research is to analyze this connection, we can conclude that, on the one hand, the enterprises that innovate in product or process give the most importance to the information obtained from inside the business when it comes to develop technological innovation. On the other hand, they value less the information obtained from public institutions, in other words, sources like universities or higher education centers, public research organizations or technological centers.

[eu] Gaur egunean bizi dugun krisi ekonomiko, produkzio ereduen transformazio eta globalizazioko testuinguruan, ikerketa, garapena eta berrikuntza (I+G+b) ezinbesteko faktoreak bilakatu dira herrialdeen hazkunde eta enpresen lidergo zein biziraupenerako. Berritasunaren bilatze horretan, egungo merkatuan enpresek etengabe egin beharreko egokitzapen teknologikoak direla eta, berrikuntza teknologikoak, hau da, produktuan edo prozesuan berritzeak, berebiziko garrantzia du. Gainera, oro har, lehiakortasunik ez galtzeko informazio estrategikoaren jabe izatea enpresentzat funtsezkoa bada ere, berrikuntza jarduerak aurrera eramateko oraindik ere gailentasun handiagoa dauka. Informazio estrategikoa iturri ezberdinetatik jaso daiteke eta horietako bakoitzari ematen zaion garrantzia ezberdina da. Lan honen helburua erlazio hori aztertzearena izanik, ondoriozta dezakegu, alde batetik, produktuan zein prozesuan berritzen duten enpresek, berrikuntza teknologikoak aurrera eramateko garaian, enpresa barnetik jasotako informazioari ematen diotela garrantzi gehien. Eta bestaldetik, instituzio publikoetatik, hau da, unibertsitate edo goi-ikasketetako zentroetatik, ikerketako erakunde publikoetatik edota zentro teknologikoetatik jasotako informazioari garrantzi gutxi ematen zaiola.
[en] Technology has become an essential part of human live and it is improving continuously. Some years ago was inconceivable that plastic utensils could be made at home, but it is just about to happen. 3D printers have just appeared on the market and they are stirring it up. From the mechanical point of view, the construction of a printer like this is not a difficult part since there are already a lot of models. The software is Arduino, public domain software, and because of that, changes can be done on it. Taking this last part into account, some improvements will be done on the 3D printer.

[eu] Gaur egun teknologia gizakiarentzako funtsezko gaia bihurtu da eta etengabeko hobekuntzak pairatzen ari da. Orain dela urte batzuk pentsaezina zen plastikozko tresnak eta piezak etxean sortu ahal izatea, baina gertatzear dago. 3D inprimagailuak merkatuan agertu berriak dira eta jada merkatua iraultzen ari dira. Mekanikaren ikuspuntutik, 3D inprimagailuaren eraikuntza sinplea da, zeren eta modelo asko daude jadanik. Erabilitako softwarea Arduino da, jabari publikoko softwarea eta hori dela eta aldaketak egin ahal zaizkio. Azken atal hau kontutan hartuz, 3D inprimagailuan hobekuntzak burutuko dira.
[en] The institution of reservations is a mechanism used by States to modify or exclude a provision of a treaty, based on the principle of State sovereignty, which allows them to establish their own limits with regard to the obligations imposed. Given the specificity of human rights and their fundamental and essential nature, it is questionable whether reservations in this area are regulated in the same way as in other multilateral treaties. For this reason, reservations to human rights treaties have been and continue to be the subject of controversy and long debates, calling into question the need for unity or fragmentation of the regime, as well as the importance of the universality or integrity of the instruments that protect these rights.

[eu] Erreserben instituzioa Estatuek itun baten xedapen bat aldatzeko edo baztertzeko erabiltzen duten mekanismoa da, Estatuaren subiranotasunaren printzipioan oinarrituta, eta, horrela, ezarritako betebeharretan beren mugak ezartzeko aukera izanik. Giza eskubideen berezko espezifikotasuna eta horien funtsezko izaera kontuan hartuta, eztabaidagarria da eremu horretako erreserbak gainerako itun multilateraletan bezala erregulatzea. Horregatik, giza eskubideen itunei egindako erreserbek eztabaida luzeak izan eta izaten jarraitzen dute, zalantzan jarriz erregimenaren batasunaren edo zatiketaren beharra, bai eta eskubide horiek babesten dituzten tresnen unibertsaltasunaren edo osotasunaren garrantzia ere.
[en] This Final Degree Project is a qualitative research whose aim is to know and understand the treatment given to death and mourning in Primary Education. In order to do that, contributions of some authors have been compiled and analysed about attachment, mourning and the way of helping children in mourning, among other topics. In addition, to examine the subject ethnographic procedures and tools have been used. The main conclusion of the project is that in the analysed school death is put aside. Moreover, teachers show insecurity and discomfort before facing the topic and act intuitively in the situations that happen in relation to it.

[eu] Gradu Amaierako Lan hau Lehen Hezkuntzan heriotzari eta doluari ematen zaien trataera ezagutzea eta ulertzea helburutzat duen ikerketa kualitatiboa da. Horretarako, hainbat egileren ekarpenak bildu eta aztertu dira atxikimenduari, doluari eta dolu prozesuan dauden haurrak laguntzeko moduari buruz, besteak beste. Horrez gain, gaia aztertzeko prozedura eta tresna etnografikoak erabili dira. Lanaren ondorio nagusia behatutako eskolan heriotza baztertzen dela da. Gainera, irakasleek segurtasunik eza eta ezinegona agertzen dute gaiaren aurrean eta horri lotuta sortzen diren egoeretan intuizioz jokatzen dute.
[en] The purpose of this project is to study the performance and the efficiency of LDM technology for the transmission of local services in SFN networks. In order to achieve this goal, it will be needed to choose most suitable transmission configurations (modulation scheme, code rate…) and later, using a simulation platform that recreates LDM´s physical layer, we will obtain different results close to reality. After obtaining the results, the most significant parameters will be analyzed and what is the impact of each one on system performance. Finally, in order to evaluate the real impact of these parameters, the coverages of designed system will be calculated.

[eu] Proiektu honen xedea LDM teknologiaren errendimenduaren azterketa egitea da, SFN sareei zuzenduta dauden zerbitzu lokalak transmititzeko. Helburu hori aurrera eramateko, transmisio-konfigurazio (modulazio eskema, code rate…) egokienak hautatuko dira, geroago, LDM teknologiaren geruza fisikoa balitz bezala lan egiten duen simulazio-plataforma batean errealitatetik ahal bezain hurbil dauden emaitzak lortzeko. Behin emaitza horiek lortuta, parametro esanguratsuenak aztertuko dira, baita bakoitzak sistemaren errendimenduan duen eragina ere. Azkenik, parametro horien inpaktu erreala aztertzearren, diseinatutako sistemak ematen dizkigun estaldura erradioak kalkulatuko dira.
[en] This work consists in the developing of a quadcopter dron (four motors) able to perform an autonomous following of the user by GPS. To do this, a simple smartphone app will be created wich will send the user's GPS coordinates to the dron via radio waves. Also, it will be developed the control software of the vehicle itself. To get all of this, the dron will have all the necessary to knowing its own position and, by that, to make that following.

[eu] Lan honen helburua "quadcopter" (lau motore dituen) drone baten garapena da, erabiltzailearen jarraipen autonomo bat egiteko gai izango dena geoposizionamendu globaleko GPS sistema bidez. Horretarako, smartphonerako aplikazio bakun bat garatuko da zeinak erabiltzailearen GPS koordenatuak droneari bidaliko dizkio irrati-uhinen bidez. Baita ere dronea kontrolatzeko softwarea garatuko da. Hau lortzeko, dronea bere posizioa ezagutzeko behar dituen tresnaz hornituta egongo da eta hauek oinarri izanda aipaturiko jarraipena egingo du.
[en] The structure in architecture has played a major role in the last decades. In addition to its bearing function, the importance of the structure as a design element has turned it into another variant when defining the style of a project. With the lessening of technical, constructive and economic constraints, new strategies of structural design have been developed and carried out. These have meant a revolution in both architecture and engineering, as they have given way to a new line of research and development. This paper aims to understand the context and content of these new strategies and also analyse two specific cases in single family homes.

[eu] Egiturak arkitekturan protagonismo handia lortu du azken aldian. Bere euskarri funtzioaz gain, diseinu elementu gisa daukan garrantziak, proiektu baten estiloaren definizioan aldagai nagusi bihurtu du. Baldintzatzaile tekniko, konstruktibo eta ekonomikoen murriztearekin, egituren diseinu-estrategia berriak garatu eta plazaratu dira. Egituren diseinu-estrategia berri hauek iraultza bat suposatu dute bai arkitekturan baita ingeniaritzan ere, ikerkuntza eta garapen bide berriak zabalduz. Lan honen bitartez estrategia hauen testuinguru eta ezaugarriak ulertu nahi dira. Etxe familiabakarren bi kasu zehatzen azterketa egingo da ere.
[en] This FDP based on the comparison between finnish and basque educational systems has been focused on Comparative Education. Here it has been compared the response that these two territories offer to the treatment of inclusive education. This is a research work and through a systematic analysis, some elements of inclusive education have been analysed. The aim was to compare and know inclusive education treatment in these places and, through this dissertation, some differences appeared regarding inclusive education understanding: while Finland, due to its resistant attitude towards inclusion, is focused on integration, the Basque Country shows an improvement in the process of inclusion. However, legislation change is not only necessary in Finland, but also in the Basque Country. In that way, following the path towards inclusion as a human right, students will have, in school as well, the opportunity to be educated in the diversity of social reality.

[eu] EAEko eta Finlandiako hezkuntza-sistemen alderaketan datzan GrAL honek Hezkuntza Gonbaratua izan du ardatz. Bertan, bi lurralde hauek hezkuntza inklusiboaren trataerari eskainitako erantzuna alderatu izan da. Ikerketa lana da hau eta analisi sistematikoaren bitartez, hezkuntza inklusiboaren inguruko elementu batzuk aztertu izan dira. Helburua bi herrialde hauen aniztasunaren trataera konparatzea eta ezagutzea zen eta horren bitartez, hezkuntza inklusiboaren ulermenean ezberdintasunak azaleratu izan dira: inklusioarekiko jarrera uzkurra izanik Finlandia integrazioan ardazten den bitartean, EAEn inklusioarekiko bidean aurrerapausoak nabari dira. Hala ere, aldaketa beharra sumatzen da bai hemengo zein Finlandiako legedian. Hori horrela, giza-eskubidetzat dugun inklusioa lortzeko bidean jarraituz gero, ikasleei eskolan ere errealitatearen aniztasunean hezteko aukera eskainiko diegu.
[en] The aim of this project is the analysis of the heating, ventilation and air conditioning system of the Department of Thermal Engineering. We will analyze the machine, if works properly, and also we will make a study of the offices, if the conditions of the air are the proper ones. Thus, on the following text, we will see if the conditions before said are the correct ones, and if they are not some alternatives will be proposed. For this purpose, measuring will be made in the machine and also in each office. The data obtained from the measuring (temperatures, flows, humidity, etc…) are collected in an Excel to work with them easily and to identify the fails easier. The work is structured as follows: Introduction and description of the system. Methodology used for measuring and analysis of the system. Conclusions, sources of information and annexes.

[eu] Proiektu honen helburua, Makina eta Motor Termiko sailean dagoen aire girotu, aireztatze eta berogailu sistema elikatzen duen makinaren analisi bat egitea da. Makina behar duen bezala lan egiten duen eta bulegoetan airearen kalitatea bermatzen baden ikusiko dugu. Hortaz, testu honek aurreko egoerak betetzen diren edo ez argituko du eta ezezko kasua izatekotan funtzionamendu normalera bueltatzeko aukerak proposatuko dira. Horretarako neurketak bai bulegoetan egingo dira eta baita makinan ere. Datu hauek (tenperatuak, emariak, hezetasuna, eta abar…) Excel horri batean gordeko dira gero taulak lortzeko eta errazago identifikatzeko non dauden arazoak. Lana hurrengo eran egituratu da: Sistemaren sarrera eta deskribapena. Neurketak egiteko metodologia eta sistemaren analisia. Konklusioak, informazio iturriak eta eranskinak.
[en] The main purpose of this end-of-degree work is to contribute to the development of a research project, by including a pneumatic grip system to the 5R parallel kinematic mechanism. The stated project is part of a research line that concerns the study and development of this kind of mechanisms; in other words, apart from the utility it might have by itself, this work is conceived with the intention of being part of a project of bigger magnitude. In order for this project to achieve success, close collaboration amongst researchers and the sharing of their work and discoveries will be essential. This Work consists on designing, manufacturing and controlling the pneumatic grip system of the 5R. After considering all the possible alternatives, and taking into account the limitations imposed by the 5R, the correct components will be chosen so that the system will be able to perform its two intended functions: - Pick up objects - Move along the z axis to displace objects. Before the assembly of the pneumatic system, it is necessary to manufacture the linking pieces between the system and the robot, and between the pneumatic components themselves. Furthermore, a controlling program will be developed. To conclude the work and validate the system's suitability relevant tests will be carried out.

[eu] Ondoren aurkezten den Gradu Amaierako Lana Ingeniaritza Mekanikako Departamentuan burutzen ari den ikerketa lerro batekin batera garatzen da. Bere helburua zinematika paraleloko 5R errobotaren amaierako tresna inplementatzea da. Horrela, Lan hau proiektu handiago baten zati bat baino ez da, eta bere helburua ondo betetzeko, nahitaezkoa da ikertzaile guztien arteko lankidetza. Lanak 5R errobotaren amaierako sistema pneumatikoa diseinatu, fabrikatu eta kontrolatzean datza. Diseinua aukeratzeko hautabide guztiak aztertuko dira, 5Rak inposatutako mugak ahaztu gabe, bere bi helburuak betetzeko gai izatearren: - Objektuak hartu - Z ardatzean mugitu objektuak lekuz aldatzeko Sistema pneumatikoa ezarri baino lehen, hau errobotan kokatzeko eta bere osagaiak haien artean batzeko beharrezkoak diren piezak fabrikatuko dira. Ondoren, sistema osoa kontrolatzea ahalbidetzen duen programa informatikoa egingo da. Amaitzeko, ondo darabiltzan a la ez egiaztatzeko froga egokiak burutuko dira.