[en] Calais is a "border area" (Cuttitta, 2015). In 2014, the increase in the number of exiles forced the hospital to develop its medical team attached to the permanent health care access service (PASS), which provides free hospital medicine for vulnerable patients without social security coverage. The rapport of professionals towards precariousness has been the subject of several sociological studies that have shown that caregivers in hospitals can express disgust towards patients at the margins. In its ancestral form, the hospital welcomes "these people too" (Castel, 1995) but the creation of university hospital centers (CHU) in 1958 has spread somewhat this social dimension in favor of technical prowess and specialties. We will first see how caregivers reclassified exiles as a resource for the hospital to extend medicine to the precarious. This category of professionals comes together and resembles each other because they share the test of medical disconnection that they have known on their professional trajectory. In the absence of sufficient applications, the institution used Afghan doctors who worked with French carers (nurses, doctors, psychologists, etc.). The metamorphoses of the PASS related to the adaptation of the migratory movements thus favor the circulation of the professionals: hospital doctors (French and Afghans), paramedics providing specialized services (pneumology, EHPAD, traumatology, etc.), some of whom are seeking occupational reclassification. There is also a turnover of caregivers that makes the hospital a potential place for the circulation of knowledge and exchanges. This experience produced intercultural exchanges between professionals in the care of precarious exiles. Exiled carers become cultural Interpreters. Because they often speak the language of their patients and they know their culture, the mobilization of these skills informs health professionals and reduces the gap that exists between French health professionals and treated exiles. Their cultural affiliation is an asset but can also be turned against them in the relationship with precarious exiled patients. Being Afghan presents advantages and may also pose difficulties in the form of reluctance, albeit rarely, on the part of patients. There is a risk of mirror effect because carers and caregivers share a common experience, which can lead caregivers to redouble their efforts at work. However, it is compassion that predominates these relationships and the common experience of exile – even if the exiled caregivers seem more fortunate than their patients – brings them closer and exposes them more than French health care providers. Through this feeling of being useful, they permeate, like the reclassified paramedics, the meaning of their work. But more than a place of intercultural sharing, PASS is a springboard for these exiled carers in a situation of social disaffiliation (Castel, 1995), since they have taken the same roads of exile as their patients and who wish to rebuild their professional identity. Exile is a shock, a crack since "tearing out the country" (Laacher, 2005) implies a situation of radical rupture. Caregivers had to give up their social status to blend in with those who find themselves on the roads; they become like other exiles, "supernumeraries" (Castel, 1995). Thus, the first job they acquire in a French hospital may allow them to evolve from status to status and finally obtain their equivalence in terms of the specialty they were practicing in Afghanistan.

[fr] À Calais, "lieu-frontière" (Cuttitta, 2015), l'augmentation du nombre d'exilés a obligé l'hôpital à développer en 2014 son équipe médicale attachée à la permanence d'accès aux soins de santé (PASS), un service qui délivre une médecine hospitalière gratuite pour les patients précaires dépourvus de couverture sociale. Faute de candidatures suffisantes, l'institution a eu recours à des médecins afghans en situation d'exil et qui ont travaillé auprès de soignants français (infirmiers, médecins, psychologues, etc.) Cette expérience a produit des échanges interculturels entre professionnels au sein de la prise en charge des exilés précaires. Les soignants exilés deviennent des passeurs culturels. Ainsi, ils valorisent leur rôle. Pour autant, leur appartenance culturelle qui peut se révéler être un atout et peut aussi se retourner contre eux dans la relation avec les patients exilés précaires. Mais plus qu'un lieu de partage interculturel, la PASS constitue un tremplin pour ces soignants exilés en situation de désaffiliation sociale (Castel, 1995) depuis qu'ils ont emprunté les routes de l'exil comme leurs patients et qui souhaitent reconstruire leur identité professionnelle. Ainsi le premier emploi qu'ils acquièrent dans un hôpital français peut leur permettre d'évoluer de statut en statut pour finalement obtenir leurs équivalences relatives à la spécialité qu'ils exerçaient en Afghanistan, ce qui est le cas pour Dorreh, médecin afghan.