[en] The main goals of this work are to analyze and to develop the process of hard turning of the steel ASP-23., specially investigating in the performance of different solutions for broaches. In this case, the project stems from the importance of reducing the difficulty of machining the steel ASP-23. This, involves on high economical costs and relative long production processes. Also, it's necessary to remark that, the importance of hard machining materials is increasing in many industries like automotive or aeronautical industries. Project development is the result of the need for Ekin S. Coop, (a leader in machine tool processes high precision broaching), to develop a more efficient machining process of producing brushes. So in the machine-tool class (ETSIB) have attempted to demonstrate the benefits of hard turning machining of the steel ASP-23. Today, with the fast development of new materials, manufacturing processes are becoming more complex, because of many reasons: the wide variety of machines with which the processes are performed, the variety of geometry / material tools used, the material properties of the workpiece, the cutting parameters such varied with which we can implement the process (cutting depth, speed, power ...) and the diversity of fasteners used. We must also be aware that such a variety involves large strain magnitudes, speeds and temperatures. This is the justification and the main interest in the work to make. Therefore, in this project we try to take a small step in the knowledge of the turning process in hard steels with low machinability, being aware of the wide variety and difficulty of advance manufacturing engineering and knowing that much work remains to be done.

[eu] Hurrengo Gradu Amaierako Lanaren helburuak ASP-23 altzairuaren torneaketa gogorra aztertzean eta hobetzean datzate, bereziki altzairu horretako brotxen mekanizatuan sakonduaz. Proiektu hau, ASP-23 altzairuaren torneaketa prozesuaren kostu ekonomiko zein denbora kostuak murriztearen beharrizanetatik jaio da, gero eta garrantzi handiagoa baitauka mekanizatu era honek hainbat prozesu industrialetan; esaterako, automozioan edota industria aeronautikoan. Proiektuaren garapenari dagokionez, EKIN S. Coop. enpresak (makina-herraminta sektoreko prezisio altuko brotxen mekanizazioan liderretako bat), ASP-23 altzairuarekin brotxak mekanizatzeko prozesua garatzearen beharra dauka; errektifikazio prozesuak baino, mekanizazio azkar eta merkeago bat garatu gura du eta Bilboko IGET-eko makina-herramintako gelara jo du, bertan torneakera gogorraren mekanizazio prozesu baten abantailak garatu eta erakutsi daitezan. Gaur egun, etengabeko material berrien garapenaren ondorioz, gero eta fabrikazio prozesu konplexuagoak eskatzen dituzten mekanizatzeko prozesuak behar dira hainbat arrazoi desberdinengatik: mekanizazio prozesu anitzenatik, material eta geometría posible anitzengatik, mekanizatu behar den materialaren propietateengatik, ebaketa parámetro aukera anitzengatik (ebaketa abiadura, sakontasuna, aitzindapen abiadura,..) edota euste elementu mota desberdinengatik. Gainera, kontuan izan behar dugu, hain aukera zabalak, ezjakintasun maila handi bat dakarrela materialaten deformazio, abiadura eta tenperaturei dagokionez. Laburbilduz, hauxek zehaztea dira lan hau burutzearen oinarrizko erakargarritasunak. Horregatik, proiektu honetan mekanizatzen zailak diren altzairuen torneaketa gogorraren ezagutzan sakontzen ahalegintzen da, jakinik prozesu honetak erabili daitezkeen soluzio anitz badirela eta oraindik fabrikazio ingeniaritzan lan anitz gelditzen dela egiteke.