[en] The koranic hermeneutics of Fazlur Rahman is based on the methodical research of the objective meaning of the text. Inspired by the romantic hermeneutics, as it can be found in E. Betti's philosophy, and which requires for the reader to establish an internal link with the inner mind of the author, Rahman considers that it is the divine intention that guarantees the objectivity of the meaning of the Koran. Empathy with the author is made possible by a particular conception of revelation, according to which the word, which is brought by an internal and immaterial Spirit, pass through the filter of prophetic consciousness. So, the role played by Muhammad in the process of revelation gives a historical dimension to the Word of God. The historicist method of interpretation of Fazlur Rahman, which he calls "double-movement" theory, rests on both criteria of objectivity that are the historical context of revelation and consideration of the totality of the sacred book. The first of these two movements consist of two steps. Firstly, the interpreter must examine the particular circumstances of the historical situation of revelation to understand the problems to which the Koran was a "divine response". This study should be completed by the knowledge of the macro situation at that time. In the second step of the first movement, he generalizes specific answers to understand the objective purposes of the text, identified with the divine intention. This understanding requires to read the Koran as a whole, to form a coherent system from specific laws, which may even seem to be contradicting one another. This reading of the book as a totality allows to see the meaning behind the letter.Rahman proceeds to a double contextualization of koranic verses: historical and textual. In the second movement, the interpret has to apply this general principles, which are essentially moral and not legal, in the present situation, by moving away from the literal meaning. Like Betti and contrary to Gadamer, Rahman dissociates therefore the objective understanding phase and the subjective application phase. Moreover, the relationship between the two movements is also circular as if the result of the application is not conclusive interpreter can rethink the conclusions of the first movement. Rahman illustrates his method by trying to show that taking in account the divine intention allow to see that the Koran is opposed to polygamy and slavery, which go against the moral principle of a just and egalitarian society. The moral principle of equality between creatures is a direct consequence of the uniqueness and transcendence of the Creator. It is precisely because God is infinitely superior to all human beings, that they can only be equal.

[fr] L'herméneutique coranique de Fazlur Rahman (1919-1988) repose sur la recherche méthodique du sens objectif du texte. Inspiré par l'herméneutique romantique, telle qu'on peut la trouver chez E. Betti et qui nécessite pour le lecteur d'établir un lien intérieur avec l'esprit de l'auteur, Rahman considère que c'est l'intention divine qui est garante de l'objectivité du sens du Coran. L'empathie avec l'auteur est rendue possible par une conception historique de la révélation, selon laquelle la parole, qui est amenée par un Esprit intérieur et immatériel, passe par le filtre de la conscience prophétique. La méthode historiciste d'interprétation de Rahman, qu'il appelle herméneutique du " double mouvement ", repose sur les deux critères d'objectivité que sont le contexte historique de la révélation et la prise en compte de la totalité du livre sacré. Ainsi, l'interprète doit, dans un premier temps, aller à la période de révélation pour, à partir des circonstances particulières, comprendre les finalités objectives du texte, identifiées à l'intention divine. Puis, il doit appliquer ces principes, qui sont moraux et non juridiques, au présent en s'éloignant du sens littéral. Rahman illustre son propos en essayant de montrer que le souci de l'intention divine permet de voir que le Coran s'oppose à la polygamie et à l'esclavage, qui vont contre le principe moral d'une société juste et égalitaire.