BSC-LT/ACAData huggingface dataset:
[en] Throughout human history the humanity has been taking drugs with different objectives: religious, medical or just playful. During the last century the formal power control has pursued the use of drugs, so they became ilegal, therefore their consumption turned into a diverted act, and the drug addiction stigmatization process became established. By the way, the contemporary society emergence, which is based in a strong social stratification, labor scarcity and consumerism caused abuse and dependence to drugs. This study presents addiction factors and its relatioship between the social classes, marginalization and crime. In order to reach these objectives, we compiled several surveys made by OEDT (Spanish Observatory of Drugs and Drug Addiction), which present empirical information of the Spanish reality due to analyze and verify them with the most important digression theories. Using this method we could show that drug use is similar in the different social classes, but with some differences between age, sex, studies or laboral situation, although these factors are shared between addicted people.

[gl] Desde o comezo da humanidade o home ten consumido drogas con finalidade relixiosa, médica ou simplemente lúdica. No último século os poderes de control formal perseguiron o uso de certas substancias, considerándoas ilegais, polo que o seu consumo pasou a ser tomado como un acto desviado, e o proceso de estigmatización no relativo ao uso de estas substancias consolidouse. Do mesmo xeito, o xurdimento da sociedade actual, caracterizada por unha forte estratificación social, a precariedade laboral e o consumismo provocaron o abuso e dependencia cara estas substancias. O presente estudo aborda os factores da adicción, así como a súa relación coas diferentes clases sociais, a exclusión e a delincuencia. Para isto recopiláronse diferentes enquisas pertencentes ao Observatorio Español da Droga e a Toxicomanía (OEDT), a cal ofrece datos empíricos da realidade española, para analizalos e contrastalos coas principais teorías de desviación. Deste modo amosouse que o consumo de drogas é similar en todas as clases sociais, pero que se observan diferencias en canto á idade, sexo, estudos ou situación laboral, factores que non obstante comparten os adictos.
[en] The objective of the study has been to demonstrate the feasibility of using urban food scraps without pretreatment on a pilot scale through a combination of experimental and theoretical methods. The experimental characterization revealed that the residues have an adequate content of total volatile solids (13 to 18% ST), but a low value of dry matter (14.02 to 19.2% s.m.f) and a low value of pH (3 .57 to 4.53 UpH), as well as a high moisture content (73.43 to 83.17%) and C/N ratio (19.15 to 30.62), a high electrical conductivity (1.23 to 4.16dS/m). The predicted methane production was 440.7 [mlCH_4/gSV] with a %Theoretical CH4 (46.37 to 49.32) [CH_4/vol] higher than other studies with FORSU samples. Therefore, we consider that these residues are potentially usable for methane fermentation and can be an alternative that provides a solution to the growing demand for electrical energy consumption and domestic gas to be used as a source of energy since they have an optimal energy content of 4021.73 kcal/kg for PCS and 3566.45 PCI kcal/kg. In short, this work establishes a theoretical basis of possible solutions for the management of urban organic waste produced in Ecuador

[gl] O obxectivo do estudo foi demostrar a viabilidade de usar restos de comida urbana sen pretratamento a unha escala piloto mediante unha combinación de métodos experimentais e teóricos. A caracterización experimental revelou que os residuos, posúen un contido adecuado de sólidos totais volátiles (13 a 18 % ST), pero un baixo valor de materia seca (14,02 a 19,2 % s.m.f) e un valor baixo de pH (3,57 a 4,53 UpH), así como un alto contido de humidade (73,43 a 83,17 %) e relación C/N (19,15 a 30,62), unha alta condutividade eléctrica (1,23 a 4,16 dS/m). A produción de metano prevista foi de 440,7 [mlCH_4/gSV] cun %CH4 Teórico (46,37 a 49,32) [CH_4/vol] valor superior a outros estudos con mostras FORSU. Polo que, consideramos que estes residuos son potencialmente aproveitables para a fermentación metánica e poden ser unha alternativa que dea solución á crecente demanda de consumo enerxético eléctrico e de gas doméstico para ser usados como fonte de enerxía xa que posúen un contido enerxético óptimo de 4021,73 kcal/kg para PCS e 3566,45 PCI kcal/kg. En definitiva, este traballo establece unha base teórica de posibles solucións para a xestión dos residuos orgánicos urbanos producidos en Ecuador
[en] In 1943, at a time in which it was feared that the Allies would invade Spain, a decree required the construction of air-raid shelters in residential buildings in towns with population over 20,000. This decree would have been in force less than a year and a half. After exploring every building permit files corresponding to the years 1943 and 1944 in Santiago de Compostela, it is confirmed that there are records of 9 shelters in the city. Most of them have not been preserved or even have been built, but they are still worth studying as an element of our history so unknown until today. In those two years, we could only find justification of structural calculations in the case of shelters. In two cases, even structural plans. It is also a time of shortage of building materials and, above all, of Steel, in which the use of (lightly) reinforced concrete is promoted, and the first structural regulations appear in Spain.

[gl] En 1943, nun momento no que que se teme que os Aliados invadan España, un decreto obriga a construir refuxios antiaéreos en edificios residenciais en poblacións de máis de 20.000 habitantes. Este decreto estará en vigor menos de ano e medio. Tras explorar todos os expedientes de licenzas de obras correspondentes aos anos 1943 e 1944 en Santiago de Compostela, confírmase que hai constancia de 9 casos nesta cidade. A maioría non se conserva ou nin sequera se chegou a construir, pero aínda así merece a pena estudalo coma un elemento da nosa historia tan descoñecido ata hoxe. Nestes dous anos, de todolos proxectos consultados, só hai constancia da xustificación de cálculos estructurais no caso dos refuxios. En dous casos incluso de planos estructurais. É un momento de escaseza de materiais e, sobre todo, de aceiro, no que se promove el uso do formigón (pouco) armado e no el que aparecen as primeiras normativas estruturais en España.
[en] Human trafficking, especially for the purpose of sexual exploitation, has found a new ally in social media. Platforms such as Facebook, Instagram and X have become key tools for trafficking networks to target their victims, mostly women and girls. The rise of technology and the massive use of social media have made it easier for criminals to gain access to vulnerable individuals, using deception, manipulation, and blackmail. Since the pandemic, this phenomenon has grown significantly, with an increase in the consumption of violent pornography and the creation of spaces on the 'deep web' where these forms of exploitation are perpetuated. Even on platforms such as Onlyfans, many young women, motivated by the desire to earn money, expose themselves to the risks of being targeted by these networks. Despite the existence of international regulations, there is still no comprehensive legislation that regulates the use of the internet to combat this type of exploitation.

[gl] A trata de seres humanos, especialmente con fins de explotación sexual, atopou nas redes sociais un novo aliado. Plataformas como Facebook, Instagram e X convertéronse en ferramentas clave para que as redes de trata capten ás súas vítimas, maioritariamente mulleres e nenas. O auxe das tecnoloxías e o uso masivo de redes sociais facilitou que os delincuentes accedan a persoas vulnerables, empregando o engano, a manipulación e o chantaxe. Dende a pandemia, este fenómeno creceu notablemente, cun aumento do consumo de pornografía violenta e a creación de espazos na "deep web" onde se perpetúan estas explotacións. Mesmo en plataformas como Onlyfans, moitas mozas, motivadas polo desexo de gañar cartos, expóñense aos riscos de seren captadas por estas redes. A pesar da existencia de normativas internacionais, aínda non se conta cunha lexislación integral que regule o uso de internet para combater este tipo de explotación.
[en] Myeloperoxidase is a key enzyme of the immune system, quite abundant in neutrophils. It is actively involved in the protection against exogenous microorganisms and represents a significant factor in the development of numerous diseases. Unlike other peroxidases, unable to oxidize chloride anion, the main reaction catalyzed by this enzyme is the chlorination of nitrogen compounds. There are numerous studies on myeloperoxidase, particularly from a clinical or biochemical point of view, but the precise reaction mechanism of the chlorination process catalyzed by the enzyme was still unknown. A detailed knowledge of the structure and reactivity of myeloperoxidase, the substrates, and obtained chlorinated products, as well as the interaction between them, is essential for a comprehensive understanding of its enzymatic activity and the development of treatments and drugs. The main aim of this dissertation is to unravel the mechanism of the myeloperoxidase-mediated chlorination, and to explain the source of its high oxidation potential, and other unique features, relative to other peroxidases. Furthermore, subsequent decomposition of some chlorinated nitrogen compounds and the particular behaviour of the amino acid cysteine and the antioxidant glutathione when reacting with these chloramines are analyzed.

[gl] A mieloperoxidasa é un encima clave do sistema inmunolóxico, moi abundante en neutrófilos, que participa activamente na protección contra microorganismos esóxenos e representa un factor relevante no desenvolvemento de numerosas enfermidades. Ó contrario doutras peroxidasas, incapaces de oxidar o anión cloruro, a principal reacción catalizada por este encima é a cloración de compostos nitroxenados. Existen numerosos estudos centrados na mieloperoxidasa, en particular dende un punto de vista clínico ou bioquímico, mais descoñecíase o mecanismo de reacción preciso polo que este encima cataliza o proceso de cloración. O coñecemento detallado da estrutura e reactividade da mieloperoxidasa, os seus substratos e os produtos clorados obtidos así como a interacción entre eles, resulta imprescindible tanto para a comprensión global da súa actividade encimática como para o desenvolvemento de tratamentos e fármacos. Nesta tese doutoral preténdese determinar o mecanismo encimático de cloración catalizado pola mieloperoxidasa, así como examinar a orixe do seu elevado potencial de oxidación respecto doutras peroxidasas e outras características distintivas. Ademais analízase a posterior descomposición dalgúns compostos nitroxenados clorados e o particular comportamento do aminoácido cisteína e do antioxidante glutatión na súa reacción con estas cloraminas.
[en] OBJECTIVE: Bibliographic review aimed to expose the current scientific evidence in relation to the effectiveness of aquatic exercise in falls prevention for the elderly. METHODOLOGY: A literature search was carried out in March and May of 2017, of the databases more recommended in the health sciences: Pubmed, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus Full text Scopus, Web Of Sciencie and PEDro ,selecting publications between the years 2007 and 2017. RESULTS: A total of 239 publications were obtained from 2007 until the present day, the 14 that met the relevant inclusion criteria were selected. As a generalized result is extracted that aquatic exercise is a valid method to prevent falls in the elderly. CONCLUSIONS: The aquatic exercise is a effective way to prevent falls in the elderly. Although, there is no significant difference between the aquatic exercise and the land-based exercise.

[gl] OBXECTIVO: Revisión bibliográfica orientada a expoñer a evidencia científica existente sobre a eficacia do exercicio acuático para prever as quedas nos anciáns. METODOLOXÍA: A procura bibliográfica foi realizada nas principais bases de datos científicas: Pubmed, CINAHL ,SPORTDiscus Full text Scopus, Web Of Sciencie e PEDro, seleccionando publicacións do 2007 ó 2017, durante os meses de marzo e maio de 2017. RESULTADOS: Obtivéronse un total de 239 publicacións dende o ano 2007 ata a actualidade, das cales seleccionáronse 14 que cumprían os criterios de inclusión pertinentes. Como resultado xeneralizado, extráese que o exercicio acuático é unha terapia válida para prever as quedas nos anciáns. CONCLUSIÓNS: O exercicio acuático é unha medida efectiva para prever as quedas nos anciáns. Aínda que non exista unha diferencia significativa para elixilo fronte ó exercicio levado a cabo no chan.
[en] Set within the framework of the eternal and ongoing debate raging within translation studies regarding the legitimacy or not of adaptation as a basis translation strategy, backed by concrete examples, this article set within the context of global translation via dynamic equivalences based on intersystemic transfer and exchange argues that adaptation is not only legitimate, but indeed necessary and unavoidable when language switching is involved. It is argued that by becoming fully aware of this fact, the translator could use it creatively to his advantage, thus ensuring the full functionality of the new (translated) text within its receptor system.

[gl] Encadrado dentro do contexto do eterno debate –vello mais actual a un tempo– que se desenvolve no ámbito dos estudos da tradución respecto da lexitimidade da adaptación en canto estratexia tradutiva, apoiado por unha serie de exemplos prácticos ilustrativos, sempre desde a perspectiva da tradución global mediante equivalencias dinámicas dentro do cadro da transferencia e intercambios intersistémicos, este artigo sostén que a adaptación non é non só lexítima senón que necesaria e inclusive inevitábel desde o momento en que se muda dunha lingua para unha outra. Advoga, así mesmo, para a plena asunción desta realidade por parte do tradutor para se poder aproveitar de xeito criativo, asegurando así a plena funcionalidade do novo texto (traducido) dentro do seu sistema de recepción.
[en] Introduction: Historically, the sexuality of people with functional diversity has been rejected and ignored. Knowledge about the sexuality of people with Asperger's Syndrome is very limited and has mainly focused on elements related to the discipline of psychology. It is important to study and take into account these people's sexuality from the point of view of Occupational Therapy. Objective: The main objective of this study is to explore the perspectives and experiences related to the sexuality of people with Asperger's Syndrome from an occupational point of view. Methodology: A qualitative research was conducted, with a phenomenological approach. Four people participated in the study. Data collection was carried out through a semi-structured interview, and observation during various group dynamics of discussion and reflection on the subject. Results: After analyzing the interviews a set of categories emerged, that try to explain the phenomenon of study: "Sexuality: genitality, coitus, reproduction and pleasure", "Personal experiences of sexuality", " Impact of Asperger's Syndrome on sexuality ", "They didn't tell us about that" and "The family's reaction is a mystery". Conclusion: Sex education for people with Asperger's syndrome is not adapted to their needs, causing their knowledge and perception of sexuality to be reduced. Having Asperger's Syndrome can limit the chances of experiencing full sexuality.

[gl] Introducción: Históricamente a sexualidade das persoas con diversidade funcional foi rexeitada e ignorada. O coñecemeto sobre a sexualidade das persoas con Síndrome de Asperger é moi limitado, e principalmente centrouse en elementos relacionados coa disciplina da psicoloxía. É importante que desde a Terapia Ocupacional se estudie e teña en conta a sexualidade destas persoas. Obxectivos: O obxectivo principal do presente traballo é explorar as perspectivas e experiencias relacionadas coa sexualidade das persoas con Síndrome de Asperger dende un punto de vista ocupacional. Metodoloxía: Levouse a cabo una metodoloxía cualitativa cun enfoque fenomenolóxico. No estudio participaron catro persoas. A recollida de datos realizouse mediante unha entrevista semiestruturada e observación durante as dinámicas grupais de debate e reflexión sobre a temática. Resultados: Tras a análise das entrevistas, xurdiron un conxunto de categorías que tratan de explicar o fenómedo de estudo: "Sexualidade: xenitalidade, coito, reproducción e pracer", "Vivencias persoais sobre sexualidade", "Impacto da Síndrome de Asperger na sexualidade", "Non nos falaban diso" e "A reacción da familia é un misterio". Conclusión: A educación sexual das persoas con Síndrome de Asperger non se adapta as suas necesidades, producindo que os seus coñecementos e percepción da sexualidade sexan reducidos. O feito de ter Síndrome de Asperger pode limitar as oportunidades de vivenciar unha sexualidade plena.
[en] The displacement of the workplace of many self-employed who participate daily in the weekly markets of different territories greatly difficult the technologization of this business. With the great progress that has occurred in mobile technologies and advances in communications, it is possible to implement a series of facilities that help the worker in the day to day for the development of the business activity. The objective of this project is the creation of a mobile application that aims at facilitating all operations related to products and the respective sales of these products in the markets, keeping the stock updated at all times, in addition to recording all sales made. On the other hand, the application will offer the worker a series of summaries in which he/she will be able to see the profits that the business is generating at different times or by location.

[gl] O desprazamento do posto de traballo de moitos autónomos que participan diariamente nos mercadillos semanais en distintos territorios dificultan en gran medida a tecnoloxización deste negocio. Neste sentido, o gran avance que se produciu nas tecnoloxías móbiles e os avances nas comunicacións fan posible que se poidan implementar unha serie de facilidades que axuden ao traballador no día a día para o desenvolvemento da súa actividade de negocio. O obxectivo deste proxecto é a implementación dunha aplicación móbil que busca facilitar todas as operacións relacionadas cos produtos e as respectivas vendas destes produtos nos mercadillos, mantendo en todo momento actualizado o stock, ademais de rexistrar todas as vendas realizadas. Por outro lado, a aplicación ofrecerá ao traballador unha serie de resumos nos que se poderán ver os beneficios que está xerando o negocio en distintos momentos temporais ou por localización.
[en] Introduction: Admission to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is a traumatic experience for patients and can lead to psychological disorders such as PTSD, which is a sequela present in between 10% and 39% of patients, for which the "ICU Diary" could intervene to improve care and discharge outcomes. Objectives: The aim of the review was to find out how the ICU diary may impact on PTSD and related symptoms during and after discharge, and to determine its effectiveness and influence. Methodology: A search was carried out in the following databases: Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane, Scopus. Six articles were selected, followed by an assessment of the quality of the articles. Discussion: Patients could benefit from this type of therapy, affecting aspects such as PTSD, sleep and quality of life at discharge through this therapy. Conclusions: Although there is a paucity of literature, there is some evidence to suggest that "ICU Diaries" may be beneficial in improving the prevention of PTSD and related disorders.

[gl] Introdución: O ingreso na Unidade Coidados Intensivos (UCI) resulta unha vivencia traumática para os pacientes, podendo producir trastornos psicolóxicos como o TEPT, sendo este unha secuela presente entre un 10% y un 39% dos pacientes, para lo que, o "Diario de UCI" podería intervir mellorando a atención e resultados ao alta. Obxetivos: O obxetivo da revisión é coñecer cómo o diario de UCI pode incidir no TEPT e aqueles síntomas relacionados durante e tras o alta, así como determinar a eficacia e influencia. Metodoloxía: Levouse a cabo unha búsqueda nas seguintes bases de datos: Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane, Scopus. Seleccionándose 6 artículos, a continuación, realizouse unha valoración da calidade dos artículos. Discusión: Os pacientes poderían beneficiarse deste tipo de terapias, véndose afectados aspectos como o TEPT, o sono e a calidade de vida ó alta a través desta terapia. Conclusións: Ainda que existe unha escasa bibliografía, existe unha evidencia que indica que os "Diarios de UCI" poderían resultar beneficiosos pra mellorar a prevención do TEPT e os trastornos que presentan.
[en] Introduction: Cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. To treat this pathology, antineoplastic treatments are administered with the goal of disease remission. Like most treatments, these have side effects, one of which is oral mucositis (OM). OM decreases the quality of life of these patients, making it difficult for them to speak and swallow. It can also cause delays in chemotherapy (CT) administration or its suspension, leading to a negative impact on the disease's progression. Objective: To determine the efficacy of oral cryotherapy (OC) as a preventive and therapeutic method for OM in patients with hematopoietic involvement. Methodology: A literature search was conducted in various databases: PubMed, Scopus, Lilacs, among others. A total of 5 articles. Discussion: The authors agree on the efficacy of OC, as it reduces the incidence and severity of OM, consequently decreasing pain. However, all agree that more studies are needed to establish a protocol for managing OM. Conclusion: Despite the lack of necessary literature and the need for further studies to establish OC as a therapeutic method, the existing evidence demonstrates its efficacy, showing favorable results after administration.

[gl] Introdución: O cancro é unha das principais causas de morbi-mortalidade en todo o mundo. Para tratar esta patoloxía lévanse a cabo tratamentos antineoplásicos cuxa función é a remisión da enfermidade. Como a maioría dos tratamentos, estes presentan efectos secundarios, sendo un deles a mucosite oral (MO). A MO diminúe a calidade de vida destes pacientes, dificultándolles a fala, a deglución, tamén pode causar un retraso na administración da QT ou suspensión desta, provocando un efecto negativo na evolución da enfermidade. Obxectivo: Determinar a eficacia da crioterapia oral (CO) como método preventivo e terapéutico da MO, nos pacientes con afectación hematopoiética. Metodoloxía: Realizouse unha búsqueda bibliográfica nas distintas bases de datos: PubMed, Scopus, Lilacs, entre outros. Incluíndose un total de 5 artículos. Discusión: Os autores están de acordo na eficacia da CO, xa que reduce a incidencia e a gravidade, cunha consecuente diminución da dor. Aínda que todos afirman que son necesarios máis estudos para establecer un protocolo de actuación contra a MO. Conclusión: A pesar da falta de bibliografía necesaria e precisar máis estudos para establecer a CO como método terapéutico, demostran a eficacia que presenta obtendo resultados favorables tras a administración.