[ca] Des de fa uns anys hi ha un creixement important de la població migrant a Barcelona i a Catalunya. En funció del país d'origen, els immigrants presenten reptes específics des de la perspectiva sanitària. Des de la sanitat pública catalana cal conèixer quins són aquests reptes i avaluar com afrontar-los. Per tal d'explorar com s'aborda aquesta situació a la ciutat de Barcelona i a Catalunya, es va dur a terme un estudi en col·laboració amb la Unitat de Salut Internacional Drassanes-Vall d'Hebron. Aquesta unitat, que n'és conscient de les problemàtiques que afecten a les comunitats immigrants, ofereix atenció integral i especialitzada, portant a terme cribratges i accions de salut pública destinades a detectar i tractar malalties com la malaltia de Chagas i l'hepatitis C, especialment entre les comunitats boliviana, pakistanesa i xinesa, que presenten un risc elevat per aquestes patologies. En el treball s'analitzen les dades de prevalença de les malalties proporcionades per la unitat i es contrasta amb dades oficials dels països d'origen per avaluar si els cribratges realitzats a Barcelona i a Catalunya arribaven a totes les persones immigrants, i si les accions d'atenció eren realment efectives. S'observa que n'hi ha comunitats més cobertes que d'altres, però en general hi ha un infradiagnòstic de les malalties a les tres comunitats estudiades, fet que suggereix que les campanyes actuals no són suficients per a identificar tots els casos possibles. Per tant, es proposa augmentar campanyes o ajustar-les de manera que arribin a diagnosticar més persones. A més, es fa una anàlisi estadística de les dades individuals recollides per determinar si existeixen factors socioeconòmics, culturals que influeixen en la vulnerabilitat d'aquestes comunitats davant les malalties i en el seu empitjorament. Es demostra que la situació de vulnerabilitat d'aquestes comunitats, sumada a barreres com el motiu d'immigració, la manca d'educació, i l'accés limitat a serveis sanitaris, contribueixen negativament a la incidència d'aquestes malalties. Finalment, aquest treball ha estat una bona manera d'aplicar l'enginyeria i els coneixements obtinguts al llarg de la carrera a la branca de la medicina. Demostrant com els coneixements tècnics poden ser utilitzats per millorar la comprensió i la resolució de problemes específics en el camp sanitari.

[en] In recent years, there has been significant growth in the migrant population in Barcelona and Catalonia. Depending on their country of origin, immigrants face specific challenges from a healthcare perspective. The Catalan public healthcare system needs to understand what these challenges are and assess how to address them. To explore how this situation is being addressed in the city of Barcelona and Catalonia, a study was conducted in collaboration with the Drassanes-Vall d'Hebron International Health Unit. This unit, aware of the issues affecting immigrant communities, provides comprehensive and specialized care, conducts screenings, and carries out public health actions aimed at detecting and treating diseases such as Chagas disease and hepatitis C, especially among the Bolivian, Pakistani, and Chinese communities, which are at high risk for these pathologies. The study analyzes the disease prevalence data provided by the unit and compares it with official data from the countries of origin to evaluate whether the screenings conducted in Barcelona and Catalonia reached all migrant individuals, and whether the healthcare actions were truly effective. It was observed that some communities were more covered than others, but in general, there was an underdiagnosis of diseases in the three studied communities, suggesting that current campaigns are insufficient to identify all possible cases. Therefore, it was proposed to increase or adjust the campaigns to reach more people for diagnosis. Additionally, we did a statistical analysis of the individual data collected to determine whether socio-economic and cultural factors influenced the vulnerability of these communities to the diseases and their worsening. It was demonstrated that the vulnerability of these communities, combined with barriers such as the reason for immigration, lack of education, and limited access to healthcare services, negatively contributes to the incidence of these diseases. Finally, this work has been a good way to apply engineering and the knowledge acquired throughout the degree to the field of medicine. It demonstrates how technical knowledge can be used to improve understanding and solve specific problems in the healthcare field. The study analyzes the disease prevalence data provided by the unit and compares it with official data from the countries of origin to evaluate whether the screenings conducted in Barcelona and Catalonia reached all migrant individuals, and whether the healthcare actions were truly effective. It was observed that some communities were more covered than others, but in general, there was an underdiagnosis of diseases in the three studied communities, suggesting that current campaigns are insufficient to identify all possible cases. Therefore, it was proposed to increase or adjust the campaigns to reach more people for diagnosis. Additionally, we did a statistical analysis of the individual data collected to determine whether socio-economic and cultural factors influenced the vulnerability of these communities to the diseases and their worsening. It was demonstrated that the vulnerability of these communities, combined with barriers such as the reason for immigration, lack of education, and limited access to healthcare services, negatively contributes to the incidence of these diseases. Finally, this work has been a good way to apply engineering and the knowledge acquired throughout the degree to the field of medicine. It demonstrates how technical knowledge can be used to improve understanding and solve specific problems in the healthcare field.