[en] This study deals with the virtual application of the regulation UN R66-02 to a designed 3D model of a bus superstructure which pertains to the class II M3 category vehicles. This regulation consists of a lateral rollover of a bus or coach superstructure, from a tilting platform to a ground, adhering to the established guidelines. As an equivalent approval method, there is the simulation of virtual testing, which this project focuses on. For the virtual simulation has been used ANSA software (LS-DYNA as solver) to prepare the file for calculation, and META to interpret results and conduct analyses. The 3D model, created using ANSA, consists of profiled arches interconnected with various metallic profiles, including a floor mounted on a bus chassis frame. The shell methodology followed for my model parts from a correlation on a market model which homologated through a beam methodology. In my internship in Idiada I developed this shell methodology based on references from other reports and then applied it on the model to obtain deviations from results.The value synthesis of the thesis lies in validating the design of a created case-of-study model but also validating or not the employed methodology. The deviations determine the reliability of the methodology, leading to some conclusions. The main areas of results for Finite Element Analysis are three: 1. Distances from arches to survival space during the test. 2. Global energies, internal energies per arch, and their relationships during the test. 3. Plastic deformations in the structure and collision analysis of mesh elements by ultimate strengths of the different materials. Conclusions from the simulation indicate compliance with the regulation with minimal margin but no intrusion into the survival space. However, considering deviations from the correlation the design does not meet approval criteria. Collisions in some profiles due to tensions, materials, and geometries suggest necessary improvements for its homologation. Further interventions are required for the approval. Moreover, correlation results show a reliability of 37'90%. concluding with recommendations for refining the shell methodology to achieve a better calibration.

[es] Este estudio trata sobre la aplicación virtual del reglamento UN R66-02 a un modelo 3D diseñado de superestructura de autobús perteneciente a vehículos de la categoría M3 clase II. Este reglamento consiste en simular el vuelco lateral de la superestructura de un autobús o autocar desde una plataforma basculante hasta el suelo, siguiendo las directrices establecidas. Como método de aprobación equivalente se utiliza la simulación de pruebas virtuales, en la cual se centra este proyecto. Para la simulación virtual se ha utilizado el software ANSA (con LS-DYNA como solver) para preparar el archivo de cálculo, y META para interpretar resultados y realizar análisis. El modelo 3D, creado con ANSA, consiste en arcos perfilados interconectados con varios perfiles metálicos, incluyendo un suelo montado sobre un chasis de autobús. La metodología shell seguida para mi modelo parte de una correlación en un modelo de mercado que fue homologado mediante una metodología beam aceptada. Durante mi estancia en Idiada, desarrollé esta metodología shell basada en referencias de otros informes y luego fue aplicada al modelo para obtener desviaciones de los resultados. La síntesis de valor de la tesis reside en validar el diseño de un modelo de caso de estudio creado, pero también validar o no la metodología empleada. Las desviaciones determinan la fiabilidad de la metodología, conduciendo a unas conclusiones.