[en] This research work is structured in two apparently different parts. However, they are linked by a nexus: health. The first part addresses aspects related to human health derived from working conditions in automotive and machinery workshops located in Galicia. In the second part, the aspects analyzed have to do with soil health issues leading to environmental degradation generated by the traffic of agricultural machinery in the domain of the agrarian cooperative AIRA, whose main activity is milk production on cattle farms in Galicia. Since the start of the Industrial Revolution and the introduction of production factors, such as the appearance of machinery, working conditions, which have shifted from union to waged, have changed substantially. At present, both European and Spanish regulations are developing specific legislation that offers broad legal protection for companies to ensure the safety and health of workers. As a result of the above, the first attempts to protect workers' health based on the study of working conditions and the use of machinery have been put into practice in order to prevent work accidents and health conditions derived from the use of that machinery. In the first part, to address the aspects outlined, a survey targeting small entrepreneurs and workers in automotive and machinery workshops is designed. It aims to evaluate working and health conditions in these establishments. With the results obtained, it is possible to postulate preventive measures and promote work "culture" actions that result in the health of workers as well as in other social benefits, provided that unloading the health system of potential patients is achieved. In the second part, dealing with the health of the soil due to the transit of machinery, a survey is carried out in the field of the AIRA cooperative. This survey details the type of farm, the characteristics of its machinery and the work schedule carried out within the framework of their main activity: cattle dairy production. On the other hand, the soil and climatic parameters are taken into account to measure the conditions under which the transit of machinery takes place. Later, a 1 predictive computer model will be used to predict on the possibility of compaction due to machinery traffic. From the results obtained, it will be possible to program the most suitable moments and machinery in a more sustainable way in order to carry out the different activities of the livestock farm.

[gl] Este traballo estrutúrase en dúas partes aparentemente diferenciadas, mais unidas por un nexo: a saúde. Na primeira parte abórdanse aspectos relativos á saúde humana derivadas das condicións de traballo en talleres de automoción e maquinaria radicados en Galicia. Na segunda parte analízanse aspectos de saúde do chan, que derivan en degradación ambiental, xerados polo tránsito de maquinaria agrícola no dominio dunha cooperativa agraria, AIRA, con actividade preferente en produción de leite en granxas de gando vacún en Galicia. Desde o avenimiento da Revolución Industrial e a introdución de novos factores de produción, como a aparición da maquinaria, as condicións de traballo, que muda de gremial a asalariado, cambian substancialmente. Na actualidade tanto a normativa comunitaria como a española desenvolven capítulos específicos que ofrecen un amplo amparo legal para que as empresas velen pola seguridade e saúde dos traballadores. En virtude diso aparecen os primeiros intentos de protexer a saúde dos traballadores estudando as condicións de traballo e o uso de maquinaria con obxecto de previr os accidentes de traballo e as afeccións á saúde derivadas do uso desta. Na primeira parte, para a abordaxe dos aspectos apuntados, deséñase unha enquisa, dirixida a pequenos empresarios e traballadores en talleres de automoción e maquinaria, que pretende avaliar as condicións de traballo e saúde nestes establecementos. Cos resultados obtidos pódense postular medidas preventivas e fomentar accións de "cultura" laboral que redunden na saúde dos traballadores, ademais comporta outros beneficios sociais se se logra descargar ao sistema de saúde de posibles pacientes. Na segunda parte referida á saúde do chan polo tránsito de maquinaria, desenvólvese unha enquisa, no ámbito da cooperativa AIRA, na que se detallarán o tipo de granxa, as características da súa maquinaria e o calendario de labores que esta acometen no marco da súa produción máis reseñable: a produción láctea con gando vacún. Por outra banda, contémplanse os parámetros de chan e climáticos para aventurar as condicións deste nos momentos do tránsito de maquinaria. Utilizarase un modelo informático preditivo sobre a posibilidade de compactación debido ao tránsito de maquinaria.