[en] Nowadays, the large dependency of the current society of the non-renewable energies is encouraging the acceleration of the climatic change, which is having a considerable impact on the environment. Consequently, an impulse of the renewable energy consumption (photovoltaic, eolic, tidal, etc.) is being produced. This fact does not only affect to the main forms of electric power generation, but also has an impact on the main users of non-renewable energies. In this context, the automotive sector is one of the principals affected, in which the traditional propulsion method based on fossil fuels is being replaced by partially or totally electric thrust vehicles. Since H2020 started, two new concepts regarding the aeronautic transport where launched: More Electric Aircraft (MEA) and All Electric Aircraft (AEA). In this kind of aircrafts, the Electric Power Distribution System (EPDS) is divided into AC/DC and DC/DC energy conversion. In this work, the DC/DC EPDS proposed for the electric aircraft are analyzed in detail, aiming to deepen into the knowledge of the most employed Power Electronic Converter (PEC) topologies. In these EPDS, the most utilized PEC according to literature proposals is the Dual-Active-Bridge (DAB) converter. This PEC is formed by two full bridges, interconnected by a power transformer, which can act as inverter and/or rectifier, giving bidirectionality to the system power transfer. As an alternative to DAB converter, Active-Bridge-Active-Clamp (ABAC) has been also proposed, whose primary side is identical to DAB. However, low-voltage side is modified by dividing the full bridge into two half-bridges to include clamp capacitors and output filter DC inductors. To evaluate the scenarios that encourage the utilization of these topologies, the analytical models that describe the voltage and current behavior of the components that are included in these converters are developed in this work. Furthermore, the operating regions while working with the main modulation methods are presented. Once the analytical models are obtained, a brute force-based optimization algorithm is developed that allows to analyze the utilization of different semiconductor, heatsink, magnetic devices and/or capacitor technologies. Then, the evaluation of the impact of these component technologies on the efficiency and volumetric power density of the converter is performed.

[eu] Gaur egun, gizarteak energia ez berriztagarrien kontsumoarekiko duen mendekotasun handiak lagunduta, klima aldaketa bizkortzen ari da, ekosisteman gero eta inpaktu handiagoa edukita. Horren ondorioz, energia berriztagarrien kontsumoa bultzatzen ari da (fotovoltaikoa, eolikoa, mareen energia, etab.). Gertaera horrek energia elektrikoa sortzeko modu nagusiei eragiteaz gain, energia ez berriztagarrien erabiltzaile nagusiei eragiten die. Testuinguru horretan, automobilgintza sektorea da kaltetu nagusietako bat, non erregai fosiletan oinarritutako propultsio metodo tradizionala energia elektrikoaren bidez erabat edo partzialki bultzatutako ibilgailuekin ordezten ari den. H2020aren hasieratik, garraio aeronautikoaren bi kontzeptu berri kaleratu ziren: hegazkinik elektrikoena (ingelesetik More Electric Aircraft, MEA) eta hegazkin elektriko hutsa (ingelesetik, All Electric Aircraft). Aireontzi mota horietan, potentzia elektrikoa banatzeko sistema AC/DC eta DC/DC energia bihurtzean banatzen da. Lan honetan, hegazkin elektrikorako integratutako eta/edo proposatutako DC/DC banaketa sareak aztertzen dira, normalean enplegatzen diren potentzia bihurgailu elektronikoen topologien ezagutzan sakontzeko. Banaketa sare horien barruan, DAB da (ingelesetik Dual-Active-Bridge) literaturaren proposamenen arabera gehien erabiltzen den potentzia bihurgailu elektronikoa. Bihurgailu hori bi zubi osok osatzen dute, potentzia transformadore batek interkonektatuta. Zubi horiek, berriz, artezle eta/edo inbertsore gisa jardun dezakete, energia elektrikoaren fluxua noranzko bikoa izatea ahalbidetuta. ABAC da (ingelesetik: Active-Bridge-Active-Clamp) DC/DC banaketa sareetan ere erabiltzen den bihurgailuaren beste alternatiba bat. Bihurgailu horren goi tentsioko aldea DABren berdina da. Hala ere, behe tentsioko aldean zubi osoa bi zubi erditan banatzen da, tarteko bus batean bi kondentsadore eta irteera iragazkiko bi DC induktore sartzeko. Topologia baten edo bestearen erabilera errazten duten agertokiak ebaluatu ahal izateko, lan honetan bihurgailu horietan sartzen diren osagaien korronteko eta tentsioko portaera deskribatzen duten ekuazio analitikoak garatzen dira, bai eta modulazio metodo nagusiekin lan egiten denean horiek dituzten funtzionatzeko moduak ere. Tentsio eta korronteen ekuazio analitikoak topologia bakoitzean integratzen diren elementuetan lortu ondoren, optimizazio algoritmo bat egiten da, indar gordinean oinarrituta. Algoritmo horrekin, erdieroalearen, disipadorearen, elementu magnetikoen eta/edo kondentsadoreen hainbat teknologiaren erabilera aztertu daiteke, bihurgailuaren efizientzian nahiz haren potentzia bolumetrikoaren dentsitatean duten eragina ebaluatzeko.