BSC-LT/ACAData huggingface dataset:
[en] As a consequence of the development of innovative technologies and the new demands of society, different methods of production have appeared. Therefore, it can be said that the fourth industrial revolution has begun, also known as Industry 4.0. This industry has brought, among many other innovations, the incorporation of Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality to companies. As it can be deduced from their names, while the Virtual Reality is a fictional environment created informatically, the Augmented Reality tries to superimpose digital information on our world. Indeed, although it looks like science fiction, both of them have already been employed in education, health and many other fields, in addition to the aforementioned industry. Moreover, as it has been observed in the present project, these technologies offer numerous benefits in the industrial sector. Certainly, a wide variety of devices have been created in order to use these technologies effectively. As a consequence, the market study that is made at work found out that several companies that are dedicated to this area have been detected within the BAC. In addition, the companies that were found in the market study were surveyed on the subject and conclusions could be drawn about the characteristics of the VR / AR companies, the most used devices and the prices of the systems. Finally, thanks to this project, in addition to a deep understanding of the current situation of these technologies, a future forecast and two case studies have been developed, with the objective of achieving a more effective implementation of these technologies.

[eu] Teknologia berritzaileen garapenaren eta gizartearen eskakizun berrien baturaren ondorioz, ondasunak ekoizteko modu desberdinak agertu dira. Horrela, Industria 4.0 deituriko iraultza industriala hasi da eta horrek errealitate birtuala eta errealitate areagotua industrian sartzea ekarri du, besteak beste. Izenei erreparatuz deduzitu daitekeen bezala, errealitate birtuala informatikoki sortutako alegiazko ingurunea da; errealitate areagotua, ordea, gure munduari informazio digitala gainjartzean datza; eta hasiera batean zientzia fikzioa ematen duten arren, gaur egun hezkuntzan, osasungintzan eta beste hainbat alorretan erabiliak direla egia bat da, dagoeneko aipatutako industriaz gain. Orobat, teknologia horiek sektore industrialean eskaintzen dituzten onurak ugariak direla behatu da proiektu honetan, baita erabili ahal izateko gailuen aukera zabala dela ere. Horrek azaltzen du EAEan arlo honetan jarduten duten hainbat enpresa aurkitu izana lanean egindako merkatu azterketan. Gainera, merkatu azterketan aurkitutako enpresei gaiaren inguruko inkesta bat egin zaie eta bertatik VR/AR enpresen ezaugarrien, gailu erabilienen eta sistemen prezioen inguruko ondorio batzuk atera ahal izan dira. Bestalde, proiektu honi esker, teknologia horien inguruko gaur egungo egoera ezagutzeaz gain, etorkizunerako dauden aurreikuspenak jakin eta bi aplikazio zehatzen kasu praktiko aurkezten dira, teknologiak ezartzerako orduan lagungarria izan daitezen.
[en] This project involves the study of different ways to recover waste heat lost in alternative internal combustion engines. To do this we will focus primarily on three different technologies and compare them considering both technical, economic and environmental impact aspects.

[eu] Proiektu honetan barne errekuntzako aldizkako motorretan galtzen den hondarberoa berreskuratzeko era ezberdinak azalduko dira. Horretarako, 3 teknologia ezberdinetan jarriko dugu arreta, alderdi teknologikoak, ekonomikoak eta ingurumenean duten eragina kontutan hartuta haien arteko konparaketa bat eginez.
[en] Abstract: the aim of this project is to carry out the water supply and sanitation facilities, indoor ventilation systems and extraction of garage fire smoke in an apartment building. The working method must comply with the current regulations. In this way, a solution is adopted to the needs of the project, by performing the relevant calculations and designing the corresponding building drawings.

[eu] Laburpena: honako proiektuan, etxebizitza-eraikin baten ur-horniketa, saneamendua, etxebizitzen barneaireztapena eta garajeen suteen ondorioz sortutako keen erauzketa instalazioak garatzen dira. Jarraitutako prozedura, indarrean dauden arauak jarraituz egin da, proiektuaren beharretara egokitutako erantzun bat bilatuz, beharrezko kalkuluak eginez eta dagozkion planoak diseinatuz.
[en] The aim of this paper is to carry out a thorough and critical review of the most prominent indicators for measuring energy poverty. The analysis, exclusively based on the examination of topic-related academic and grey literature, departs from the classification proposed by Schuessler (2014), where four different groups of indicators are distinguished. Even if the analysis touches upon every group, it has to be said that they have received an asymmetric treatment. Indeed, the indicators based on spending, on the one hand, and the indicators based on subjective and qualitative judgments of the population, on the other hand, have been discussed and analysed in depth, conforming therefore the gist of this paper. Conversely, the remaining two groups, namely, the indicators based on the subjective and qualitative judgements of other agents and the objective indicators that are not based on spending, have been treated shallowly. Although the paper is mainly descriptive, it does not refrain from making various prescriptions. Probably, the most meaningful conclusion of this paper would be the desirability of multidimensional indicators for measuring energy poverty.

[eu] Lan honen helburua, literatura akademiko eta grisean pobrezia energetikoaren neurketarako proposatu diren adierazle esanguratsuenen errebisio kritiko bat egitea litzateke. Hau da, adierazle horien ezaugarri behinenak eta beren baitan leudekeen argi-ilunen azterketa izango luke oinari. Ariketa hau gauzatzeko, Schuessler (2014) egileak proposaturiko adierazleen sailkapena erabili da, hain zuzen, tipologiaren arabera, adierazleak lau talde handitan sailkatuz. Azterketa honek lau talde horiek ukitzen baditu ere, aipatu beharra dago analisiaren sakontasuna asimetrikoa izan dela talde batetik bestera. Zehazkiago esanda, Gastuan oinarritutako adierazleak batetik, eta populazioaren ebaluaketa kualitatibo eta subjetiboetan oinarritutako adierazleak bestetik, modu zabal eta sakonean landu dira, lan honen mamia eratzen dutela baieztatu liteelarik. Gainontzeko bi adierazle taldeak, hala nola, beste agenteek egindako ebaluaketa kualitatibo eta subjetiboetan oinarritutako adierazleak, eta, Gastuan oinarritzen ez diren adierazle objektiboak, oso azaletik landu dira. Lanaren izaera batik bat deskriptiboa bada ere, ondorioen atalean hainbat preskibapen egitera ausartzen da. Esanguratsuena, akaso, adierazle multidimentsionalen desiragarritasuna delarik.
[en] In this work, starting from the origins of the Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional, to the execution of autonomy and how it is implemented in the school, several keys will be presented to determine if the Zapatista education proposal can achieve the objective of being liberator. For this purpose, analyses formulated from decolonial and libertarian pedagogies will be put on the table. According to the results obtained, the decolonial current deduces that Zapatista autonomous education is liberator as it breaks with the imposition of hegemonic culture through the developed autonomy; However, the libertarian states that it does not completely fulfil its objective, because the logic of the school which by nature is essential to capitalism, is not fully destroyed.

[eu] Lan honetan, Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacionalaren jatorritik, autonomiaren gauzapenetik eta hau eskolan zelan oinarritzen denetik abiatuta, zapatisten hezkuntza proposamenak askatasunerako helburua lor dezakeen ebazteko hainbat gako plazaratuko dira. Horretarako, pedagogia dekolonialetik eta libertariotik eginiko irakurketak mahaigaineratuko dira. Lortutako emaitzen arabera, korronte dekolonialak hezkuntza autonomo zapatista askatzailea dela ondorioztatzen du, kultura hegemonikoaren inposaketarekin apurtzea lortzen baitu garatutako autonomiaren bitartez; libertarioak, ordea, helburu hau ez duela osotasunean erdiesten ebazten du, kapitalismoak berezkoa duen eskolaren logikarekin ez baita guztiz hausten.
[en] Since we are born, emotions are something fundamental in our daily lives and therefore, they are of great importance in education. The aim of this Final Degree Project is to analyse the emotional intelligence of Early Childhood Education teachers in the Basque Country and their main limitations and emotional management strategies. To this end, a group of 72 teachers completed a questionnaire in which their attention, clarity and emotional reparation were evaluated. At the same time, by means of this questionnaire the teachers have defined which are the main problems they have when it comes to emotionally managing a classroom and how they work individually on their emotions. As can be seen from the results, most of them obtained adequate attention, clarity and reparation, although some of them obtained poor results. In addition, most of them agree on the limitations they encounter in managing emotions effectively in the classroom.

[eu] Jaiotzen garenetik, emozioak funtsezkoak dira gure eguneroko bizitzan, hortaz, garrantzi handia dute hezkuntzan. Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan (GRAL), Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoan jardunean dauden Haur Hezkuntzako irakasleek duten adimen emozionala aztertu nahi da, baita haien kudeaketa emozionalerako estrategiak eta mugak ere. Horretarako, 72 irakaslek osatutako talde batek galdera-sorta bat bete du, haien arreta, argitasuna eta konponketa emozionala ebaluatzeko. Era berean, galdera-sorta honen bidez, irakasleek zehaztu dute zein diren ikasgela bat emozionalki kudeatzeko dituzten arazo nagusiak eta nola lan egiten duten banaka beren emozioetan. Emaitzetan ikusten denaren arabera, gehienek arreta, argitasun eta konponketa egokiak lortzen dituzte, baina baten batek alderdi hauek hobetu beharko ditu. Gainera, gehienak bat datoz ikasgelan emozioak eraginkortasunez kudeatzeko dituzten mugekin.
[en] The paper focus on the analysis of the products generated in the manufacture of a handaxe through the foundations of the Analytic Typology. There were several objectives. The first one was related to the methodological practice, in which the own analytic dynamics in the study of this kind of remains is tested. The second one focus on the search of a line of investigation for the definition of some technique characteristics that can determine this type of artefacts (handaxes) and, at the same time, can define significant remains which reflect this manufacture process. For this purpose, and following analytic parameters, information related to morphology and general typometry of the products of debited was extracted. At the same time the heels and the technique definition of its dorsal faces were analysed. The results have shown to be satisfactory, even though they are limited due to the nature of the experimenting process. They have defined characteristic elements that are present in the manufacture remains of the artefacts, so this work might be understood as the opening of a new line of research that the Grupo de Investigación en Tipología Analítica (GITA) is going to develop.

[eu] Jarraian aurkezten dugun lana, Tipologia Analitikoaren oinarriak jarraituz, aurpegibiko baten fabrikazio prozesuan sortutako lantze hondarren analisian jartzen du arreta. Esperimentazioaren helburuak hainbat dira. Hauetako lehenengokoa praktika metodologikoari lotuta dago, non dinamika analitikoaren eraginkortasuna mota honetako hondarren analisian frogatzen den. Bigarrena tipo honetako tresnen (aurpegibikoak) ezaugarri teknikoak definitzeko ikerketa hildoara zuzentzen da; aldi berean, lantze prozesu hau isladatzen duten hainbat hondar definitzeko gai izango dena ere. Honetarako, parametro analitikoak jarraituz, lantze hondarren morfologia eta tipometria orokorrarekin lotutako informazioa hartu da; era berean, elementu hauen orpoak eta bizkarraldeak aztertu egin dira. Lortutako emaitzak, esperientzia beraren mugak baldintzatutak, onak izan dira, tresna hauen lantze hondarren ezaugarrien definizioa lortuz. Beraz, lan hau Grupo de Investigación en Tipología Analítica (GITA) garatzen hasi duen ikerketa hildo berri baten hasieratzat hartu behar da.
[en] The objective of this project is to improve a manufacturing process, identifying problems and to raise some possible solutions. To perform this, firstly, the mode in which the manufacturing process is executed will be explained. For this, it will be visited the cooperative in order to familiarize with the process and learn about the problems that exist. Once all this is done, the time measurement will be done and all parameters necessaries will be calculated to prove that the problems that are seen in the visit are real. Apart from this, it will be calculated the costs of the company because of the existence of problems. To finish the job, in order to end all identified problems, possible solutions will be presented, showing the benefits that can be achieved, and the advantages and disadvantages of each of the proposed solutions too.

[eu] Proiektu honen helburua fabrikazio prozesu bat sakonki aztertzea da, dauden arazoak identifikatu eta hauei soluzioa bilatzeko helburuarekin. Horretarako, lehendabizi, prozesua nola burutzen den azalduko da. Horretarako, kooperatiba elkartea bisitatuko da prozesuaren nondik norakoak hobeto ezagutu ahal izateko eta dauden arazoak bertatik ezagutu ahal izateko. Gero, denboren neurketa burutuko da, eta datu hauek eskuratu ondoren, beharrezkoak diren parametro guztiak kalkulatuko dira, bisitan ikusi diren arazoak benetan gertatzen diren arazoak direla frogatu ahal izateko. Honetaz aparte, arazo hauen ondorioz enpresak galtzen duen diru kopurua ere kalkulatuko da. Amaitzeko, identifikatu diren arazoei irtenbidea emateko, soluzio posible batzuk planteatuko dira, hauei esker lortu daitezkeen onurak identifikatuz, bai eta, soluzioetako bakoitzak dituen abantaila eta desabantailak azalduz.
[en] This paper analyses the mediating role of Julia, one of the main characters in Ramon Saizarbitoria's novel Martutene (2012). Julia is a translator and we will make visible here her concerns and fatigues as she feels the need to be faithful to the text and the author she is translating, his sentimental companion Martin. We will also interpret Julia's mediation within her family, as far as she reflects on the transmission of the memory to his son. Here again, Julia is concerned with the loyalty to the past, and thinks about the burden this may place on descendants. We will conclude that, by problematizing the image of the faithful mediator and from a critical point of view, the mother and translator proposes omissions and repositioning as ways of transmission.

[eu] Saizarbitoriaren Martutene (2012) eleberriko Julia protagonistaren bitartekaritza-rola dugu aztergai. Itzultzailea da, eta Martin bikotekide idazleari eta haren testuari leial izan beharrez sortzen zaizkion kezkei eta nekeei erreparatuko diegu. Zubi-lan horrekin bat interpretatuko dugu Juliak familian egiten duen bitartekaritza: memorien transmisioari buruz gogoetatzen du, semea bitarteko. Kasu horretan ere, iraganarekiko leialtasuna eta horrek ondorengoei eragin diezaiekeen zama izango ditu Juliak gogoetagai. Ondorioztatuko dugu bitartekari leialaren irudia problematizatuaz, ezabatzeak eta birkokatzeak proposatzen dituela ama itzultzaileak transmisio-bide gisa, ikuspegi kritiko batetik.
[en] Abstract: the aim of this project is to calculate and design an industrial building, which purpose will be to warehouse tyres. It will be located at A.H.V. industrial zone in Basauri (Bizkaia). The building will be symmetric and gabled roof with 5° of inclination, 25 m wide and 11,09 m height. The building will be formed by 15 porticoes (14 gaps) with a distance of 6 m between them; therefore, it will have 84 m length. The area occupied by the building will be of 2100 m2. The first and the last porticos will have constant sections, while the rest of them will be lattice porticoes. A 25 m wide bridge crane, with a capacity of 5 tn, will be located inside the structure; its travelling will be 60 m long, between the second and the twelfth porticoes. A 25 m wide second floor will be located at 4 m height between the thirteenth and fifteenth porticoes; therefore, its surface will be 300 m2.

[eu] Laburpena: proiektu honen helburua gurpilen biltegi bezala erabiliko den egitura industrial baten kalkulua eta diseinua da. Egitura Basaurin (Bizkaia) kokatuta egongo da, zehaztasunez, A.H.V. industrialdean. Egitura simetrikoa eta bi uretara diseinatuko da, 5°-tako inklinazioarekin eta 25 m-tako zabalerarekin. 15 portiko izango ditu (14 hutsune), 6 m-tako distantziarekin beraien artean, hau da, 84 m-tako luzera totala eta 2100 m2-tako gainazala izango ditu. Gailurraren altuera 11,09 m-takoa izango da. Portiko hastialak sekzio konstantekoak izango dira, eta gainerakoak sareta bidezko portikoak. Egituraren barnean bigarren eta hamabigarren portikoen artean dabilen zubi garabi bat egongo da, 5 tn-tako kapazitatea, 60 m-tako ibilbidea eta 25 m-tako zabalera izango ditu. Hamahirugarren eta hamabosgarren portikoen artean bigarren solairu bat kokatuta egongo da 4 m-tako altueran, egituraren zabalera osoa (25 m) beteko du, hortaz, 300 m2-tako gainazala izango du.
[en] The present article, which derives from the author's paper at the Conference on "Accountability within the Police Institution", addresses the tensions between the discretion and freedom regarding police activity, on the one hand, and the possible abuses when policing, on the other hand.

[eu] Artikulu honek –zeina egileak "Kontu-ematea polizia-erakundean" Jardunaldian emandako ponentzian duen jatorria– honako bi alderdi hauen arteko tentsioak aztertzen ditu: batetik, polizia-jardunaren diskrezionaltasuna eta askatasuna ditugu, eta bestetik, jardun hori egikaritzean gerta daitezkeen gehiegikeriak.
[en] This work consists on an analysis about Short Sea Shipping and its offer in the port of Bilbao. It shows a general view about this type of transport system, its defects, virtues and its evolution in recent years. The second part of the study deals with SSS in the port of Bilbao, giving to the reader more detailed information about the services and actions carried out by the port for the development of this type of transport. Finally, two voyages from Bilbao to two destinations are simulated, comparing costs, time and harmful emissions between SSS and traditional road transport with the aim of presenting SSS as a competitive way of transport.

[eu] Lan honetan, distantzia laburreko itsas garraioari buruzko analisia egiteaz gain, Bilboko portuak duen eskaintza azaldu egiten da. Hasieran, garraio honi buruzko ikuspegi orokorra aurkezten da, beraren alde onak, alde txarrak eta azken urteetan izan duen eboluzioa aztertuz. Bigarren partean, bereziki Bilboko portuan eskaintzen den TMCDaz hitz egiten da, beraren garapenerako portuak egiten dituen zerbitzuak eta ekintzak azalduz. Azkeniz, Bilbotik bi bidai egingo direla suposatu egingo dugu, bai TMCDaren bidez nola errepidearen bidez, kostua, denbora eta emisio kaltegarriak alderatuz. Honen bitartez TMCDaren lehiakortasuna nabarmendu egingo da.
[en] In the stage of early childhood education the first approach to the writing process is done in schools. Although not obligatory at this stage, the student shows interest with this, also begins in early childhood education and will be strengthened in the following stages. The objective of this study is to analyse the process of writing in children from three, four and five years. To do this, collect data in two centres and will investigate the contribution of the methodologies from the centre to the writing process and the difficulties identified in the process. Through participatory observation, there has been a comparative study. In terms of the results, there are not great differences between both schools or in stages of writing or in the difficulties encountered in the process of writing.

[eu] Haur Hezkuntzako etapan idazketa prozesurako lehen hurbilpena egiten da ikastetxeetan. Nahiz eta garai hauetan derrigorrezkoa ez izan, ikasleek honekiko interesa agertzen dute eta hurrengo etapetan sendotuko denaren hasiera ematen da Haur Hezkuntzan. Lan honen helburua, hiru, lau eta bost urteko umeen idazketa prozesua aztertzea izango da. Horretarako ikastetxe bitan jaso dira datuak eta ikasleen idazketa faseak, zentroen metodologien ekarpena, eta prozesuan identifikatzen diren zailtasunak ikertuko dira. Behaketa parte-hartzailearen bidez, ikerketa konparatibo bat burutu da. Emaitzei erreparatuta, metodologia ezberdinetan erabiltzen dituzten ikastetxeen artean ez da ezberdintasun nabaririk antzeman ez idazketa faseetan ezta idazketa prozesuan azaltzen diren zailtasunetan ere.
[en] Reading involves an interaction between the reader and the text, and it's not only cognitive, it's also physical, that is, we relate not only to the text itself, but also to its technological support. So the interaction we establish with the printed reading can be very different from the digital format. The main purpose of this work, therefore, is to examine the influence of the support (paper and screen) on the reading comprehension of the third cycle of primary school students. To this end, 89 third-cycle primary school students have answered two validated Reading Comprehension Assessment (RCA) questionnaires, one on paper and one on screen, and the differences in reading comprehension have been analysed. The main conclusion can be said to be that the trend is to understand it better on paper than on screen.

[eu] Irakurketak irakurlearen eta testuaren arteko interakzioa dakar, eta ez da soilik kognitiboa, fisikoa ere bada, hau da, testua bera ez ezik, bere euskarri teknologikoarekin ere lotzen gara. Horregatik, inprimatutako irakurketarekin ezartzen dugun elkarreragina eta formatu digitalarekin ezartzen duguna oso desberdinak izan daitezke. Horrenbestez, lan honen helburu nagusia da Lehen Hezkuntzako 3. zikloko ikasleen irakurriaren ulermenean irakurgaiaren euskarriak (paperak eta pantailak) duen eragina aztertzea. Horretarako, Lehen Hezkuntzako hirugarren zikloko 89 ikaslek "Irakurriaren Ulermenaren Ebaluaketa" (IUE) test balidatutako bi galdetegi erantzun dituzte, bata paperean eta bestea pantailan eta bien arteko aldeak aztertu dira irakurriaren ulermenari dagokionez. Ondorio nagusi moduan esan daiteke tendentzia dela paperean hobeto ulertzea pantailan baino.