BSC-LT/ACAData huggingface dataset:
[en] Diversity is one of the aspects that characterizes 21st century societies, although this does not always mean a desirable peaceful coexistence between cultures, origins, habits, traditions and ways of thinking or living. It is evident that despite the fact that migratory movements have been driven and accelerated by the phenomenon of globalization, the reality that students must face is not totally favorable to these intercultural meetings. This implies the need to guide education towards values of respect, solidarity and empathy, that is, towards intercultural education in which aspects such as dialogue, imagination and critical thinking are crucial. That is why the use of children's and youth literature has been considered useful as a tool for identification, understanding, reflection and personal acceptance, through which students can discover new worlds both intellectually and emotionally. For this reason, a learning situation was designed and implemented, related to the process of migration and migratory journeys, in a first-year Primary Education classroom. During its implementation, results were collected, leading to an analysis with which evaluate the suitability of this type of activities. Precisely, the results reveal that the use of intercultural literary education promotes respect for others, empathy, solidarity, tolerance and eradicating discriminatory thoughts from an early age. It also provides students with new ways of exploiting their ideas, as well as awakening their critical spirit, imagination, creativity, desire to know themselves better and connect with the figure of the other.

[eu] Aniztasuna XXI. mendeko gizarteen ezaugarrietako bat da, baina horrek ez du esan nahi kulturen, jatorrien, ohituren eta pentsatzeko edo bizitzeko moduen arteko bizikidetza beti baketsua denik. Argi dago globalizazioaren fenomenoak migrazio-mugimenduak bultzatu eta bizkortu dituen arren, ikasleek aurre egin behar dieten errealitatea ez dela kulturarteko topaketa horien guztiz aldekoa. Horregatik, errespetuan, elkartasunean eta enpatian oinarritzen den hezkuntzara bideratzearen beharra, hau da, kulturarteko hezkuntzaren garrantzia zeinetan elkarrizketa, irudimena eta pentsamendu kritikoa funtsezkoak diren. Lan honetan, haur eta gazte literatura identifikazio, ulermen, hausnarketa eta onarpen pertsonalerako tresna gisa erabiltzea baliagarritzat jo da, ikasleek mundu berriak deskubritu ahal izan ditzaten, bai intelektualki bai emozionalki. Horregatik, migrazio-prozesuarekin eta migrazio-bidaiekin lotutako ikas-egoera bat diseinatu eta ezarri zen Lehen Hezkuntzako lehen mailako gela batean. Praktikan jarri zenean, emaitzak bildu ziren, eta azterketa bat egin zen jarduera mota horien egokitasuna ebaluatzeko. Hain zuzen ere, emaitzek agerian uzten dute kulturarteko literatura-hezkuntza erabiltzeak besteenganako errespetua, enpatia, elkartasuna, tolerantzia eta pentsamendu diskriminatzaileak desagerraraztea sustatzen dituela. Gainera, ikasleei haien ideiak ustiatzeko bide berriak emateaz gain, espiritu kritikoa, irudimena, sormena, haien burua hobeto ezagutzeko eta bestearen irudiarekin konektatzeko gogoa eta grina pizten ditu
[en] This article aims to analyse commercial relations between Álava and Navarra between the centuries of Late Middle Ages and the first half of the 16th century. Despite the political vicissitudes suffered by both territories, in 1199 and 1512, commercial relations did not come to an end, but rather they were consolidated and strengthened. This commerce was strategic for both territories, since it allowed for the meeting of demand for products in which each of them was deficient. Said commerce benefited all layers of society, however, it also served as a cover for intense smuggling and illegal commerce. Those fraudulent activities took place in the heat of an elaborate discourse which justified the privileged situation of the border territories, always under the threat that if such privileges did not exist, the royal incomes would be affected.

[eu] Berant Erdi Aroko mendeetatik XVI. mendeko lehen erdialdera bitarte Arabaren eta Nafarroaren artean izan ziren merkataritza-harremanak aztertu nahi ditugu artikulu honetan. Bi lurraldeetan gorabehera politikoak izan ziren, 1199an eta 1512an batez ere, baina hala eta guztiz ere merkataritza-harremanak ez ziren itzali; alderantziz, sendotu eta indartu egin ziren. Merkataritza estrategikoa zen bi lurraldeentzat, bata produktu baten faltan zegoenean bestea eskariari erantzuteko moduan zegoelako. Merkataritza hori gizarte osoarentzat izan zen onuragarri, baina nolanahi ere legez kontrako merkataritza eta kontrabando handia estaltzeko ere izan zen baliagarri. Ongi taxututako arrazoibide batek babesa eman zien iruzurrezko jarduera horiei. Horren arabera, lurralde mugakideen egoera ezin hobea babestu beharra zegoen, bestela, pribilejiorik ezean, errege-errentak kaltetuta geratuko liratekeelako.
[en] The present work analyzes energetically and dynamically the public housing of Portugalete using SketchUp Pro and OpenStudio software. Thus, the objective is based on analyzing the behaviour of various passive architectural solutions that improve energy efficiency in the building, based on insulating sandwich panels and Trombe wall. Another objective, transversal, is to learn to use those software in an autonomous way and implement them in real cases, a transcendental fact in the work. The simplified representation of the building was made in SketchUp, where the construction measures were defined and the 3D model was shaped. Then, using OpenStudio, the type of building and its use were specified by entering certain data and the detailed information required for its simulation. The result shows the demands and consumptions of the building over a typical year. This software allows the comparison of different façade typologies and building behaviour in different climatic zones. Therefore, the behaviour of the simplified model in different climatic zones is analyzed and discussed in the search for best practices and the demand reduction.

[eu] Lan honek Portugaleteko babes ofizialeko etxebizitza publikoak energetikoki eta dinamikoki aztertzen ditu, SketchUp Pro eta OpenStudio softwareen bidez. Horrela, lanaren helburua eraikuntzaren eraginkortasun energetikoa hobetzen duten zenbait irtenbide arkitektoniko pasiboren portaera aztertzea da, sandwich panel isolatzaileetan eta Trombe horman oinarrituta. Zeharkako beste helburuetako bat software horiek modu autonomoan erabiltzen ikastea da eta kasu errealetan ezartzea, eta hori oso garrantzitsua izan da lanean. Eraikinaren irudikapen sinplifikatua SketchUpen egin zen. Bertan, eraikuntza-neurriak definitu ziren eta 3D ereduari forma eman zitzaion. Ondoren, OpenStudioren bidez, eraikin mota eta haren erabilera zehaztu ziren, simulatzeko eskatutako datu eta informazio zehatz batzuk sartuz. Emaitzek eraikinaren urtebeteko eskariak eta kontsumoak erakusten dituzte. Software horri esker, fatxada-tipologia desberdinak eta eraikinaren portaerak konpara daitezke hainbat zona klimatikotan. Horregatik, klima-eremu desberdinetan eredu sinplifikatuaren portaerak aztertu eta eztabaidatzen dira, jardunbide egokiak bilatzeko eta eskariak murrizteko.
[en] The term of coeducation is used often, and laws protect gender equality. For this reason, one of the duties of teachers is to educate in coeducation. Offering equality between women and men is a social and educational challenge. Consequently, the object of the work has been to study the use of coeducation in the school and offer a proposal of intervention. It shall also be useful to identify the weaknesses and positive aspects which teachers have in the matter of coeducation, and to reflect on improvements. For this, a number of previously studied topics and fields have been selected and answers have been received about them by a poll. Later, to draw conclusions from these results and make a proposal to the students.

[eu] Gaur egun hezkidetza terminoa gero eta gehiago erabiltzen da, eta legeek generoen arteko parekidetasuna babesten dute. Ondorioz, egungo irakasleriaren betebehar bat hezkidetzan heztea da. Emakume eta gizonen arteko berdintasuna lantzea gizartearen erronka da, baita hezkuntzarena ere. Horren ondorioz, lanaren xedea eskolan hezkidetzaren erabilera zein den ikertzea izan da, geroago, esku hartze baten proposamena egiteko. Gainera, irakasleek hezkidetza gaian dituzten ahultasun eta indarguneak identifikatzeko erabilgarria da, ondoren euren kabuz hobekuntzei buruzko gogoeta egiteko. Hori lortzeko, aurretik aztertutako gai batzuk aukeratu dira eta inkestaren bidez horien inguruko erantzunak jaso dira. Geroago, emaitza horietatik ondorio batzuk ateratzeko eta ikasleei bideratutako proposamen bat egiteko.
[en] This project consists in the development and implementation of a software that optimizes the deployment of new communication nodes in catastrophic areas, in order to provide a larger area of coverage for rescue teams. For its development, a multi-objective problem (in which the objectives are, provide the minimum cost of deployment and the maximum area covered) which gives as a result the position of the nodes in a large area. For the resolution of this problem bio-inspired algorithms will be used, these algorithms provide a balanced solution for the 2 objectives. In this problem we have opted for the following algorithms: NSGAII, SMPSO and MOEAD.

[eu] Proiektu honek hondamendi eremuetan komunikazio-nodo berrien hedapena optimizatzen duen softwarea garatzea eta ezartzea du helburu, erreskate-taldeei estaldura-eremu handiagoa eskaintzeko. Garapenean zehar arazo anitzeko helburua proposatzen da (gutxieneko inplementazio-kostu eta estalitako gehineko azalera bilatuz), irtenbide gisa nodoen kokalekua ematen duenak eremu zabalean. Arazo honi aurre egiteko, proposatutako bi helburuak lortzeko bioinsipatuko algoritmoak erabiliko dira. Horretarako aukeratuko algoritmoak NSGAII, SMPSO eta MOEAD izan dira.
[en] The aim of this work is to explore the intersection of Law and Cinema, focusing on the portrayal of some legal concepts of the iusphilosophical field and Criminal Law. While Law and Cinema may initially appear dissimilar, they share a long-standing history which will be tried to be shown throughout this work. Moreover the rise of the Law and Cinema Movement has made cinema a significant tool through which legal knowledge is disseminated to the public. The aim of this project has been to combine the legal analysis with cinematic exploration, highlighting the relationship between both fields. By examining the portrayal of defendants' due process rights and prisoners in films, this study aims to deepen the understanding of how cinema portrays those matters.

[eu] Lan honen helburua zuzenbidearen eta zinemaren arteko elkargunea aztertzea da, eremu iusfilosofikoko eta zuzenbide penaleko zenbait kontzeptu juridikoren irudikapena ardatz hartuta. Hasiera batean Zuzenbidea eta Zinema-k desberdinak diruditen arren, historia luzea partekatzen dutela erakutsiko da lan honetan. Gainera, Zuzenbidearen eta Zinemaren Mugimenduaren gorakadak tresna garrantzitsua bihurtu du zinema, ezagutza juridikoa jendeari zabaltzeko. Proiektuaren helburua azterketa juridikoa eta zinematografia-esplorazioa uztartzea izan da, bi eremuen arteko harremana nabarmenduz. Filmetan akusatuen eta presoen eskubide prozesalen irudikapena aztertuz, ikerketa honen bidez gai horiek zineman nola erretratatzen diren azalduko da.
[en] This study tries to develop an innovative methodology for designing optimized gym equipment based on the current scientific evidence. The simulation of biomechanical models is used to obtain information regarding the contractile capacity of the muscle, which is later used in the designing process. The practical case of elbow flexion machines is used as an example of the application of this methodology. After analysing some of the elbow flexion exercises currently available, the optimization methodology is applied to analyse and correct the design of the machine shown in the cover. In order to achieve this, this study develops a simulation tool capable of obtaining the mechanical operating response of the machines based on the Cam-Pulley drive system. Using this tool, this work studies the possibility of modifying the geometry of the cam so that the resistant torque offered by the machine matches the torque generated by the muscle. In addition to detecting and correcting other undesirable characteristics in the machine, this work suceedes in optimizing the resistance profile offered by the drive system. On top of that, this work also proposes an original design of an elbow flexion machine, the efficiency of which is fully optimized within the physical boundaries of the drive system.

[eu] Azterlan honen helburua muskulazio makinak diseinatzeko metodologia berritzaile bat garatzea da, gaur egun eskuragarri dagoen ebidentzia zientifikoan oinarrituta. Modelizazio biomekanikoaren simulazioen bitartez, giharren uzkurtze ahalmenari buruzko informazioa lortzen da, ondoren diseinu prozesuan erabiliko dena. Metodologia erabileraren adibide gisa, ukondo flexiorako makinen kasu praktikoa aztertzen da. Gaur egun eskuragarri dauden ukondo flexio ariketen analisia egin ondoren, azalean dagoen makinaren diseinua zuzentzeko metodologia prozedura jarraitzen da. Horretarako, espeka-polea eragintza sisteman oinarritutako makina familiaren analisi mekanikorako kalkulu tresna propio bat garatzen da. Tresna honen bidez espekaren geometria aldatzearen ondorioak aztertzen dira, makinak eskaintzen duen momentu eragozlea eta giharrek sor dezaketen momentu eragilea berdintzeko helburuarekin. Makinan dauden akats eta ezaugarri kaltegarri batzuk aurkitu eta zuzentzeaz gain, eragintza sistemak eskaintzen duen erresistentzia-profila optimizatzea lortzen da. Horrez gain, eragintza sistemaren muga fisikoen barruan ahalik eta eraginkortasun gehien eskaintzen duen makina diseinu berria proposatzen da.
[en] The objective of this study is to analyse the training, perception and intervention methods of Early Childhood Education teachers with respect to communication and language. We have also wanted to observe humanity's knowledge about communication and its variants. To this end, two questionnaires were created, the closed questionnaire was answered by 16 teachers and 74 responses were obtained in the open questionnaire. These instruments collect questions related to the areas mentioned above. The data collected revealed that teachers have little training and knowledge about communication, although they are aware of its importance, today the tools are scarce. Not only are communication problems perceived in teachers, but we also see it in the rest of society.

[eu] Azterlan honen helburua Haur Hezkuntzako irakasleek komunikazioari eta hizkuntzari buruz duten prestakuntza, pertzepzioa eta esku hartzeko metodoak aztertzea izan da. Era berean, gizakiak komunikazioari eta haren aldaerei buruz duen ezagutza behatu nahi izan da. Horretarako, bi galdetegi sortu ziren, 16 irakaslek erantzun zuten galdetegi itxia, eta irekitako galdetegian 74 erantzun lortu ziren. Galdera sorta horiek aurrez aipatutako eremuei buruzko galderak jasotzen dituzte. Bildutako datuek agerian utzi zuten irakasleek komunikazioari buruzko prestakuntza eta ezagutza urriak dituztela, nahiz eta komunikazioak duen garrantziaz ohartu gaur egun tresnak urriak dira. Irakasleengan komunikazio-arazoak hautemateaz gain, gizartean ere ikusten ditugu.
[en] During the present document a diagnosis of the emotional needs of children aged 6 to 12, who attended the Therapy and Education Centre based in Ortuella, has been conducted. Regarding the analysis methodology, two different techniques have been employed: active observation among the various environments in which the participants developed as well as interviewing with each professional at the center. The analysis was aimed to identify the emotional deprivations of the patients, who require more educational attention. Furthermore, a proposal for intervention was designed, primarily focused on developing emotional competences through dramatization activities.

[eu] Hurrengo GrAL -ean Ortuellako hezkuntza terapeutikoko zentrora joaten diren buruko arazo larriak dauzkaten 6 eta 12 urte bitarteko gazteen betebeharrak eta hauen emozio desoreka diagnostikoa egin da. Metodologia analisian bi teknika erabili egin dira: Erabiltzaileak eremu desberdinetan nola moldatzen diren behaketa parte hartzailea eta erakundeko profesionalei elkarrizketak eginez. Azterketa honen helburua hezkuntza arrera gehien behar duten erabiltzaileen emozio gabezia antzematea izan da. Honetaz gain, parte-hartze proposamena egin da, zein bere funtsezko ideia gaitasun emozionalak garatzea den antzerki-tasunaren bidez.
[en] The delinquency prevention in Spain has begun with the Autonomous Communities, by means of their structures of welfare, to attend, especially, to the children in risk. The weight of the Public management in the matter of prevention is based on the Centers of minors, being in fact the priority institutional response facing the social nonintegration. But the work with these minors requires some models of structured acting and a program of educative intervention.

[eu] Espainian delitugintza aurrearretaz tratatzea Autonomi Erkidegoen ekimena izan da, arriskuan dauden haurren kasuan arreta berezia ezartzen duten ongizate egituren bidez alegia. Aurrearretaren alorrean herri kudeaketaren erantzukizuna adingabekoentzako zentruetan dago eta de facto hori da erakundeetan gizarte mailako egokitzapen ezaren alorrean lehentasuna duen erantzuna. Baina adingabeko horiekin egiten den lanak jarduteko bide egituratua eta hezkuntzazko eskuhartzeko egitaraua eskatzen ditu.
[en] Increasingly, higher education students have to perform academic works, both research reports and literature reviews, following the format of scientific articles. However, university students often face this type of work with limited prior knowledge of how scientific articles are structured and written. As an evaluation instrument, in this paper we design a checklist composed by 72 items to verify the adaptation of academic works to the formal characteristics of scientific articles in terms of organization of contents by sections; elaboration of text, figures and tables; citing and listing of bibliographic references. This checklist allows learners to self-evaluate the fulfilling of mentioned characteristics during the execution of their work and speed up the evaluation conversations between learners and tutors.

[eu] Goi-mailako hezkuntzako ikasleek gero eta maizago lan akademikoak egin behar dituzte, bai ikerketakoak bai berrikuspen bibliografikokoak, artikulu zientifikoen ezaugarri formalak betez. Hala ere, askotan, unibertsitateko ikasleek aldez aurreko ezagutza mugatua izaten dute artikulu zientifikoak nola egituratzen eta idazten diren jakiteko. Ebaluazio-tresna gisa, artikulu honetan 72 itemez osatutako egiaztapen-zerrenda (checklist) bat diseinatzen da, lan akademikoak artikulu zientifikoen ezaugarri formaletara egokitzen direla egiaztatzeko, honako hauen arabera: edukien atalkako antolaketa; testua, irudiak eta taulak egoki egitea; erreferentzia bibliografikoak aipatzea eta zerrendatzea. Egiaztapen-zerrenda honek aukera ematen die ikasleei autoebaluatzeko ezaugarri horiek betetzen ari dituzten ala ez, haien lana egiten ari diren bitartean. Gainera, ikasleen eta irakasleen arteko ebaluazio-elkarrizketak arintzen ditu.
[en] This project consists on the design of the whole manufacturing process of a component for a client from the automotive sector. In it, the parameters of the stamping operation and the drawbeads to be used in the tools are designed to achieve optimum results. In addition, the most appropriate material for the component and the machinery to be used are chosen in it. All of that is done by computer simulation, which facilitates the optimization of the productive process. Therefore, the results obtained are studied by changing the parameters of the plastic forming processes of metals, taking into account factors like productivity and costs.

[eu] Proiektu honen helburua osagai baten fabrikazio prozesuaren diseinua da, automobilgintza sektorearen bezero batentzat. Honen barruan osagaien estanpazioen parametroak diseinatuak daude eta trokelen gainean ezartzen diren balaztak, hobe ezin ondorioak eskuratzeko. Bestalde, erabiliko diren piezen material eta makineria egokienak aukeratuko dira. Guzti hori ordenagailu simulazioaren bidez burutzen da, honen bidez fabrikazio prozesuaren optimazioa errezten du. Lortutako emaitzak aztertzen dira, plastikozko konformatzaile metalen parametroak aldatuz baina produktibitate eta kostu faktore gisa zainduz.
[en] This final project analyzes and explains the treatment offered by schools in a divorce situation; the treatment given in an ikastola of the Basque Autonomous Community has been analyzed and qualitative procedures and techniques have been used for this purpose. The topic of divorce, that has a high presence in our society, is studied in depth, indicating the reactions that children have and the scarcity of resources that the educational system has. In the investigation it has been seen that this issue is not worked as often as it should be and in order to give a solution various resources are proposed to be carried out in different schools.

[eu] Lan honetan eskolek gurasoen banaketaren aurrean duten esku hartzea aztertzen eta adierazten da; prozedura eta tresna kualitatiboak erabiliz, Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoko ikastola batean aipatutako esku hartzea aztertu da. Lan honen bidez, gaur egungo gizartean gero eta ohikoagoa den dibortzio gaian sakondu izan da, haurrek dituzten erreakzioak eta hezkuntza sisteman egon daitezkeen gabeziak adieraziz. Ikerketan, gai honek ohiko gaietan lekurik ez duela erakusten da eta horri irtenbide bat eman nahian, edozein ikastola/eskolatan erabilgarriak izan daitezkeen baliabideak proposatzen dira.
[en] This Final Degree Project analyses the measures envisaged in the legislation for the promotion of employment of people with disabilities, focusing on the measures for the ordinary labour market and their implementation instruments and analysing the impact on the employment of people with disabilities as a consequence of the crisis caused by the pandemic. The employment situation of people with disabilities is then analysed quantitatively, looking at the evolution of unemployment, employment and activity rates, analysing the data corresponding to the recruitment of people with disabilities.

[eu] Gradu Amaierako Lan honek desgaitasuna duten pertsonen enplegua sustatzeko legediak aurreikusten dituen neurrien analisia burutzen du, lan-merkatu arrunterako neurrietan eta haien betetzerako tresnetan zentratuz eta pandemiak eragin duen krisialdiaren ondorioak desgaitasuna duten pertsonen enpleguan izan duen eragina aztertuz. Ondoren, desgaitasuna duten pertsonen lan-egoera kuantitatiboki aztertu da, langabezia-, okupazio- eta jarduera-tasen eboluzioa begiratuz, desgaitasuna duten pertsonen kontratazioari dagozkion datuak analizatuz.
[en] The establishment of an international jurisdiction has been considered an exigency to punish the responsibles for collective crimes that have shaken the universal conscience, like crimes against humanity or the genocide. The 17 of July of 1998 the Internarional Criminal Court was established by a treaty, the Rome Statute, to promote the primacy of the Law and to guarantee the punishment of the most serious international crimes. But, the effectiveness of an international jurisdiction can be demonstrated only when exist the adequate procedures to discover and to persecute the people in charge of this kind of crimes.

[eu] Nazioarteko jurisdikzio baten beharra nabarmena izan da ekintza kriminal kolektiboen erantzuleak zigortzeko. 1998ko uztailaren 17an Nazioarteko Epaitegi penala eratu zen, tratatu baten bidez eratu zen, Romako Estatutua, zuzenbidearen gaitasun eta nagusitasuna lortzea zuen helburu. Helburua krimenik gogorrenak eta nazioartean ematen zirenak hain zuzen ere zigorrik gabe ez geratzea zen. Hala ere, ezingo da nazioarteko jurisdikzio penal baten balioa mirestu, krimenen erantzuleak penalki zigotu ezin diren bitartean.