[en] Statement of the problem: The gingival configuration around implant abutments is of paramount importance for preserving the underlying marginal bone, and hence for the long-term success of dental implants. Objective: The objective was to study, clinically and histologically, the effects of the change in the morphology of abutments connected to the endosseous implant, and of their surface treatment. In particular, the objective was to ascertain the effect of changing the shape of the transepithelial pillar and the treatment of its surface on the dimensions, quality and health of the components of the peri-implant biological space, such as the dimensions of the epithelial and connective tissues of the biological space, the concentration of inflammatory cells and the density of collagen fibers. Methods: A clinical trial of 10 patients with a totally edentulous maxilla, who had four implants (IPX4010_GALIMPLANT?, Sarria, Spain) inserted in the area of the first and second molars on both sides with computer-guided implant surgery, was conducted with the final purpose of assessing the quality of the peri-implant soft tissue attachment around the transepithelial abutments which were employed (aesthetic machined (RM), aesthetic anodized (RA), slim machined (SM) and slim anodized (SA)). At 8 weeks and following the collection of the samples (removal of the implant-abutment assembly with its surrounding hard and soft tissue) and their processing for subsequent histological and histomorphometric analysis in order to study the dimensions, quality and health of the peri-implant soft tissue area, the variables previously mentioned were determined according to the aims of the study. By using appropriate diameter trephine in order to obtain a useful fringe of soft tissue around the transepithelial pillars, ANOVA and chi-square tests were performed. Results: The SPSS statistical analysis ANOVA results revealed that the machined slim abutments have a better performance considering the variables analyzed with epithelial and connective attachment heights of 1.52 mm and 2.3 mm, respectively, and that connective density (density of collagen fibers) was high at 85.7% of the sample size affected by the design for the slim abutments and 92.9% of the high-density sample size affected by the surface treatment for the machined surface. Conclusions: All variables studied, despite the small sample size, showed the superiority of the slim machined abutment among the four groups.

[es] La configuraci?n gingival alrededor de los pilares de los implantes es de suma importancia para preservar el hueso marginal subyacente y, por tanto, para el ?xito a largo plazo de los implantes dentales. El objetivo del trabajo fue estudiar, cl?nica e histol?gicamente, los efectos producidos por el cambio en la morfolog?a y tratamiento superficial de los pilares conectados a los implantes endo?seos. En particular, el objetivo fue conocer el efecto del cambio de forma del pilar transepitelial y el tratamiento de su superficie sobre las dimensiones, calidad y salud de los componentes del espacio biol?gico periimplantario, como las dimensiones del epitelio y tejidos conectivos del espacio biol?gico, la concentraci?n de c?lulas inflamatorias y la densidad de fibras de col?geno. Se realiz? un ensayo cl?nico de 10 pacientes con maxilar totalmente ed?ntulo, a quienes se les insertaron cuatro implantes (IPX4010_GALIMPLANT?, Sarria, Espa?a) en la zona del primer y segundo molar en ambos lados con cirug?a de implantes guiada por computadora, con el el objetivo final de evaluar la calidad de la uni?n del tejido blando periimplantario alrededor de los pilares transepiteliales empleados (mecanizado est?tico (RM), anodizado est?tico (RA), mecanizado estrecho (SM) y anodizado estrecho (SA)). A las 8 semanas se recogieron las muestras (retirada del conjunto implante-pilar con su tejido duro y blando circundante) y se procesaron para su posterior an?lisis histol?gico e histomorfom?trico con el fin de estudiar las dimensiones anteriormente mencionadas de acuerdo a los objetivos del estudio. El an?lisis estad?stico de los resultados revel? que los pilares estrechos mecanizados tienen un mejor desempe?o considerando las variables analizadas con alturas epitelial y conectiva de 1,52 mm y 2,3 mm, respectivamente. La densidad conectiva (densidad de las fibras de col?geno) fue alta en el 85,7% coincidiendo con los pilares estrechos, y de ellos el 92,9% se asoci? al tratamiento superficial de la superficie mecanizada. Todas las variables estudiadas, a pesar del peque?o tama?o de la muestra, mostraron la superioridad del pilar mecanizado estrecho entre los cuatro grupos.