BSC-LT/ACAData huggingface dataset:
[en] The following article assesses the impact on flamenco of the ?cantares? (songs) of Ventura Ruiz Aguilera, one of the most relevant poets of the so-called ?poes?a de cantares? (song poetry), literary trend that appears in the second half of the 19th century. The imitative technique of popular singing, the epigrammatic character and social commitment define our poet with a close language that allows many of his creations to become popular. The survival of musical traditions based on the successive singing of couplets constitutes an ideal medium in which their ?cantares? are preserved anonymously. Although some researchers have not considered the style of our poet related to the Andalusian tradition, we will try to analyze those stanzas that are entrenched in the flamenco repertoire.

[es] El siguiente art?culo valora la repercusi?n en el flamenco de los cantares de Ventura Ruiz Aguilera, uno de los poetas m?s relevantes de la denominada ?poes?a de cantares?, corriente literaria que irrumpe en la segunda mitad del siglo xix. La t?cnica imitativa del cantar popular, el car?cter epigram?tico y el compromiso social dotan a nuestro poeta de un lenguaje cercano que permite que se popularicen muchas de sus creaciones. La pervivencia de tradiciones musicales basadas en la interpretaci?n sucesiva de coplas constituye un medio id?neo en el que se conservan sus cantares de forma an?nima. Aunque algunos investigadores no han considerado el estilo de nuestro poeta af?n a la tradici?n andaluza, trataremos de analizar aquellas estrofas que se afianzan en el corpus flamenco.
[en] This article analyses David O. Selznick?s 1957 adaptation of Ernest Hemingway?s A Farewell to Arms. In trying to shed light on the historical and ideological context of Selznick?s production, it shall be placed emphasis upon the influence of Frank Borzage?s previous adaptation of Hemingway?s work. This essay will also stress Selznick?s ambitions, that is, the fact that he wanted to emulate and improve the former adaptation of the novel. In spite of this, the comparison between both films reveals that the melodramatic structure of Selznick?s remake stems from the structure of Borzage?s film. Moreover, Selznick?s production could be seen as a case in point of the role played by deshistorization in cinematic remake.

[es] En este art?culo se analiza la adaptaci?n de la novela Adi?s a las armas de Ernest Hemingway producida por David O. Selznick en 1957. Al tratar de comprender el contexto hist?rico e ideol?gico en el que fue producida la pel?cula, se tiene en cuenta que Selznick parte de una adaptaci?n anterior de la misma realizada por Frank Borzage en 1932. As?, en este trabajo se hace hincapi? en el deseo de Selznick de emular y superar la versi?n de Borzage. Sin embargo, la comparaci?n entre las dos pel?culas pone de manifiesto que la obra de Borzage permanece como una constante referencia en el remake de Selznick, el cual se apoya en la estructura melodram?tica de la primera adaptaci?n cinematogr?fica. Finalmente, la producci?n de Selznick se puede considerar como un ejemplo del papel que desempe?a la deshistorizaci?n en el remake cinematogr?fico.
[en] This work attempts to assess the history of two of the most important prisons of the Franco?s dictactorship, Ventas and Les Corts, corresponding to the most populated Spanish cities, Madrid and Barcelona. We start from the background of the female imprisonment in Spain, branded by an special stamp with the keynote of influence of religious agents, at least until the Republican reforms of 1931. At the same time, we stress the impact of the ?civilizatory breach? as a result of the civil war and immediate postwar, in terms of massive imprisonment and spreading of death sentences even among women. Finally, this essay deals with the making up of an specific prisoner culture, closely politicized and distinguished from the male one, the memory of which would be transmitted over the following decades by means of the stories of the political female prisoners.

[es] El presente trabajo pretende analizar la trayectoria de dos de las principales c?rceles de la dictadura franquista, Ventas y Les Corts, las correspondientes a las dos capitales m?s pobladas del Estado espa?ol, Madrid y Barcelona. Para ello se parte de los antecedentes del encarcelamiento femenino en Espa?a, marcados por un sello singularizador y presididos por la influencia de los agentes religiosos, al menos hasta las reformas republicanas de 1931. Al mismo tiempo, se insiste en el impacto de la ?ruptura civilizatoria? que supuso la guerra y la inmediata posguerra, en t?rminos de encarcelamiento masivo y extensi?n de la pena de muerte, tambi?n entre las mujeres. Por ?ltimo, el estudio aborda la conformaci?n en Ventas y Les Corts ?entre otras prisiones? de toda una cultura carcelaria propia, fuertemente politizada y diferenciada de la masculina, cuyo recuerdo ser?a transmitido durante las d?cadas siguientes a trav?s de los relatos de las presas pol?ticas.
[en] During the academic courses 2009-10, 2010-11, 2011-12, 2012-13 and 2013-14 Problem-Based Learning techniques have been applied together with an E-learning Model together with tutorial action with groups of volunteer students of the last courses of the School of Civil Engineering at the Technical University of Madrid, managing to increase the time of dedication and implication with the subjects. The experience has been developed with volunteer students enrolled in the subjects of Road (Grade), Roads I (old curriculum) and Roads II (old curriculum), since these are subjects that have historically obtained very low pass rates and efficiency of the environment 25%. The realized work has consisted, in the first place, of knowing the expectations that the students have on the tutorial, both at the beginning of the course as when it is finished, and later working with voluntary students applying Learning Based on Problems (LBP) for the knowledge acquisition resting on an tutorial system based on the e-learning. The use of these learning techniques have made the results obtained during the investigation much more satisfactory than those obtained without the application of these techniques as it has led to a number of nearby approved 100% better qualifications, highlighting the reduction that has occurred in dropout rates in the subjects studied, obtaining negligible levels.

[es] Durante los cursos acad?micos 2009-10, 2010-11, 2011-12, 2012-13 y 2013-14 se han aplicado t?cnicas de Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas junto con la utilizaci?n de un Modelo de Sistema de Teleense?anza (e-learning) junto con un modelo de acci?n tutorial, con grupos de alumnos voluntarios de los ?ltimos cursos de la Escuela T?cnica Superior de Ingenier?a Civil de la Universidad Polit?cnica de Madrid, logrando incrementar el tiempo de dedicaci?n e implicaci?n con las asignaturas. /nLa experiencia se ha desarrollado con alumnos voluntarios matriculados en las asignaturas de Caminos (Grado), Caminos I (Antigua Ing. T?c.) y Caminos II (Antigua Ing. T?c.), ya que estas son asignaturas que hist?ricamente han obtenido tasas de aprobados y eficiencia muy bajos, del entorno del 25%.
[en] In the Amazonian waters there are about three thousand known species of fish alongside several other aquatic species, including aquatic mammals such as manatees. It is possible that many species are yet to be described by science. The fish in this region face extreme natural conditions in their environments, such as low levels of oxygen, acidic and poor water in ions, high temperatures, intense droughts and floods. Global climate change is further exacerbating these environmental challenges. In addition, man-made environmental changes involving organic and inorganic pollutants are occurring in many parts of the region. These environmental conditions pose challenges for all fish species that exhibit adjustments at all levels of the biological organization. Knowing the adaptive capacity of these animals allows the design of aquatic biota conservation strategies, as well as more appropriate environmental interventions. Finally, it is fundamental to consider the importance of aquatic biota for the full implementation of the objectives of sustainable development in the Amazon.

[es] En las aguas amaz?nicas existen cerca de tres mil especies conocidas de peces, as? como algunas otras especies acu?ticas que incluyen algunos mam?feros, como el manat?. Es posible que muchas especies a?n no hayan sido descritas por la ciencia. Los peces de esta regi?n se enfrentan a condiciones naturales extremas en sus ambientes como bajos niveles de ox?geno, aguas ?cidas y pobres en iones, altas temperaturas, sequ?as intensas e inundaciones. Los cambios clim?ticos globales est?n intensificando estas condiciones ambientales. Adem?s, los cambios ambientales causados por el hombre, que trae consigo contaminantes org?nicos e inorg?nicos, se est?n produciendo en muchas partes de la regi?n. Estas condiciones ambientales representan desaf?os para todas las especies de peces que exhiben ajustes en todos los niveles de la organizaci?n biol?gica. Conocer la capacidad adaptativa de estos animales permite dise?ar estrategias de conservaci?n de la biota acu?tica, as? como proponer intervenciones ambientales m?s adecuadas. Por ?ltimo, es fundamental considerar la importancia de la biota acu?tica para la plena implantaci?n de los objetivos del desarrollo sostenible en la Amazonia.
[en] The regular growth of effective number of parties has been a major issue to the proper working of Brazilian political system. Still, little has been said regarding how the competitive interaction among political parties has an effect on the social composition of its candidates and elected. Trying to stablish relation between party strength, social composition and party system fragmentation, we put our efforts on checking how system fragmentation undermine strong parties in giving room for socially less competitive candidacies. In our hypothesis, we affirm: as higher the party organizational strength, bigger is the capacity of electing an outsider social group into representative arena, such as workers. Data points out that Brazilian Workers Party (pt) is the most organizationally structured party. However, through five consecutive elections, pt loses capacity to put in place organizational strength in favor of workers, diminishing its capacity to push forward blue- and white-collar workers into institutional polity. We show of that part of the loss is due to the increasing party system fragmentation from 1998 to 2014./n?

[es] ?La fragmentaci?n del sistema partidista brasile?o ha sido se?alada como un gran problema para el funcionamiento del sistema pol?tico y para la gobernabilidad. Sin embargo, poco se dice sobre c?mo la interacci?n competitiva entre los partidos pol?ticos diferentes entre si mismos afecta la composici?n social de los mismos y el cambio de perfil dentro de las agremiaciones pol?ticas. As?, intentamos establecer la relaci?n entre la fuerza organizacional de los partidos, la intereci?n entre ellos y la capacidad de los mismos en ofrecer espacio para candidaturas menos competitivas socialmente. La hip?tesis es que cuanto mayor es la fuerza organizacional, mayor es la capacidad del partido en elegir un grupo poco inserto en la esfera representativa, los trabajadores. Los datos apuntan que el Partido de los Trabajadores (pt) es el principal responsable de la inserci?n de este grupo representativo en la C?mara de Diputados brasile?a. Pero a lo largo de las elecciones, ?ste pierde capacidad de insertar la categor?a que carga en su nombre. A partir del an?lisis de cinco elecciones nacionales con datos proporcionados por el Tribunal Superior Electoral, mostramos que parte de esta p?rdida se refiere a la fragmentaci?n del sistema partidista en el per?odo 1998 a 2014./n?
[en] The present study is an attempt at extending to the Chilean case the findings of preovius studies on electoral cleavages in Western Europe, most notabily by Seymour M. Lipset, Stein Rohkan and Ronald Inglehart. It is found that party identification among Chilean voters in the 1989 general elections was determined by at least three main cleavages or dimensions; only one of them, the second, associated to class-related variables is similar to the ones found in Western Europe.

[es] El presente estudio intenta hacer extensivo al caso chileno los estudios sobre "clivajes" partidistas que en Europa han hecho autores como Seymour M. Lipset, Stein Rohkan y Roland Inglehart. Se sostiene que las actitudes de identificaci?n partidista del p?blico chileno en las elecciones generales de 1989 se segmentaron en al menos tres dimensiones significativas; s?lo una de ellas, la segunda, asociada a la variable clase social, es claramente asimilable a las dimensiones encontradas en Europa Occidental.
[en] For most of the countries of Latin America the century is drawing to a close in the midst of diverse experiencies, with more or less consolidated democracries, insecure democracies or regimes more akin to authoritarianism or totalitarianism than to democracy. This analysis reveals two facts: that in Latin America democracy is still the principie that predominantly bestows legitimacy; but the majority of Latin American countries fall into intermediato categories along the democratic/non-democratic continuum. Therefore, the quest for congruence between the "political constitution", the "economic constitution" and the"moral constitution" in Latin American democracies is a necessary objective even in hard times.

[es] El siglo termina, para la mayor?a de los pa?ses de Am?rica Latina, exhibiendo experiencias desiguales, entre democracias relativamente consolidadas, democracias precarias y reg?menes m?s cercanos al autoritarismo o al totalitarismo que a la democracia. Este an?lisis revela dos cosas: que la democracia permanece en Am?rica Latina como principio de legitimidad dominante, pero que en la mayor?a de los pa?ses latinoamericanos se sit?an en las categor?as intermedias "on the democratic-nondemocratic continuun", desde una posici?n preocupada por la calidad de las democracias, que es la nuestra. Por tanto, es un objetivo necesario a?n en tiempos dif?ciles, la b?squeda de congruencia entre la "constituci?n pol?tica", la "constituci?n econ?mica" y la "constituci?n moral" en las democracias latinoamericanas.
[en] In present year 2019, 25 years of the premiere of the film Philadelhia by Jonathan Demme have been fulfilled, which in our country took place in March 1994. With this paper, we try to make a reflection of the changes that have occurred in HIV infection in diagnosis, treatment and prognosis as well as in the social field: when the film was presented about 10 years later first patients were diagnosed, HIV infection was considered as a disease with widespread social rejection with stigmatization of several risk groups (homosexuals, intravenous drug users and hemophiliacs) and ways of transmission, diagnosis was usually made in late stages of the disease with severe immunodeficiency symptoms such as Kaposi?s sarcoma, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, cerebral toxoplasmosis and cryptococcal meningitis and the treatments were ineffective. At present, diagnosis and treatment is much earlier and more effective and social stigmatization has disappeared.

[es] En el presente a?o 2019 se han cumplido 25 a?os del estreno de la pel?cula Philadelhia de Jonathan Demme, que en nuestro pa?s se produjo en marzo de 1994. Pretendemos con este art?culo hacer una reflexi?n de los cambios que se han producido en la infecci?n HIV tanto en el diagn?stico, tratamiento y pronostico as? como en el ?mbito social: cuando se presenta la pel?cula hac?a unos 10 a?os de los primeros casos, se contemplaba la infecci?n por HIV como una enfermedad con un amplio rechazo social con estigmatizaci?n de varios grupos de riesgo (homosexuales, adictos por v?a intravenosa y hemof?licos) y las v?as de contagio, el diagn?stico sol?a hacerse en fases tard?as de la enfermedad con cuadros de inmunodeficiencia severa como sarcoma de Kaposi, neumon?a por Pneumocystis carinii, toxoplasmosis cerebral y meningitis por criptococo y los tratamientos eran poco efectivos. En la actualidad, el diagn?stico y tratamiento es mucho m?s precoz y efectivo y la estigmatizaci?n social ha desaparecido.
[en] Compilation of observations of general ecology, nesting and breeding of the Canarian (Serinus canarius), and morphometrics of a captured female, from field trips to different areas of the province of Valladolid, carried out between the 7th of July of 1942 and the 22nd of February of 1952.

[es] Recopilaci?n de observaciones sobre ecolog?a general, anidamiento y cr?a del Canario (Serinus canarius), y morfometr?a de una hembra capturada, de salidas de campo en diversas zonas de la provincia de Valladolid, realizadas entre el 7 de junio de 1942 y el 22 de febrero de 1952.
[en] Popular movies may be successfully used as a teaching aid in health sciences studies. In the last three years we have been using popular movies in an activity called Biocinema during the first trimester with students of fifth year of Biology at the Universitat Pompeu Fabra. The activity was planned to help the students to consider the social aspects of their future professional career. Six different films were used: Outbreak, Lorenzo's oil, The Boys from Brazil, Frankenstein, Le maladie de Sachs and The Andromeda strain. The activity was organized in three steps. First, students watched the film after a brief introduction by one of the teachers who were responsible for the activity. Second, this teacher organized an open discussion with the students during the next hour. Third, students wrote a brief report on one of the topics portrayed in the film or mentioned in the open discussion. These reports were further evaluated and contributed a maximum extrabonus of 0.5 points over 10 in the scoring of the regular topics covered in the trimester.

[es] Las pel?culas comerciales pueden ser un complemento eficaz en la ense?anza de las ciencias de la salud. Durante el primer trimestre de los ?ltimos tres cursos se han empleado con los alumnos de la licenciatura en biolog?a de la Universidad Pompeu Fabra en una actividad denominada Biocinema. Su utilizaci?n se plane? para ayudarles a considerar los aspectos sociales de su futura carrera profesional. Se proyectaron seis pel?culas: Estallido/ Outbreak, El aceite de la vida/ Lorenzo's oil, Los ni?os del Brasil/ The boys from brazil , Frankenstein, de Mary Shelley/ Frankenstein of Mary Shelley, Las confesiones del doctor Sachs/ La maladie de Sachs y La amenaza de Andr?meda/ The Andromeda strain. La actividad se organiz? en tres etapas. Primera: visualizaci?n de la pel?cula tras una breve introducci?n realizada por uno de los profesores. Segunda: discusi?n ,durante una hora promovida por el profesor. Tercera: realizaci?n de un breve resumen sobre alguno de los temas tratados en la pel?cula o mencionados en la discusi?n. Tras evaluar los escritos los alumnos pudieron obtener medio punto adicional sobre los diez posibles de la calificaci?n final de las asignaturas del trimestre.
[en] This article examines the motif of the substituted child, beginning with Classical mythology and legends about the fairy world, continuing through some literary examples from different historical moments, and finally the presence of this theme in some modern films. The article aims to examine how a continuity of this motif can be identified in a series of stories which, in the first instance, seem to have nothing in common, but which in some way reveal the presence of themes from ancient myths and beliefs, although with differences corresponding to social circumstances at the times when these themes appear. In any case, what runs through all of these examples is a concern with conflicts relating to maternity.

[es] Este art?culo examina el motivo del hijo sustituido, desde la mitolog?a cl?sica y las leyendas relativas al mundo de las hadas, pasando despu?s a analizar algunos ejemplos literarios en diferentes momentos hist?ricos y, finalmente, ver la presencia de este tema en el cine actual. El art?culo trata de ver de qu? manera se puede identificar una continuidad de este motivo en unas historias que, a primera vista, no parecen tener nada en com?n, pero que de alguna forma dejan translucir tem?ticas que proceden de los antiguos mitos y creencias aunque con las diferencias l?gicas teniendo en cuenta las circunstancias sociales de las ?pocas en las que los motivos aparecen. En cualquier caso, lo que coincide en dichos ejemplos es que responden a actitudes hacia unos conflictos que se relacionan con la maternidad.
[en] The results of a partial single-case study are presented through the biographical-narrative perspective. Taking into account a broader previous field work, for this text we have conducted a semi-structured interview and two in depth to address in a focal way a case of rape and sexual abuse of Teresa, a person diagnosed with Intellectual Disability (PDID). From the interviews emerge different categories of inductive (domestic violence ?sexual abuse, insults, assaults?, identity as a person with disabilities) that are addressed in the discussion in two interpretative axes that correspond to two distinct stages of the participant's life (the naturalization of violence and the beginning of change as a form of struggle). As most noteworthy results we find facts, in a first stage, that tell us about the repetition over time of two types of abuses (physical, emotional) by their relatives, among which shines the condition of disability status, and, a second stage, we presented her process of personal subversion on which Teresa was able to reconnect this situation. As part of the conclusions, we understood preventive and diversity-respect measures as essential elements for eradicating violence against PCDI.

[es] Se presentan los resultados de un estudio parcial de caso ?nico a trav?s de la perspectiva biogr?fico-narrativa. Teniendo en cuenta un trabajo de campo previo m?s amplio, para este texto hemos realizado una entrevista semiestructurada y dos en profundidad para abordar de manera focal un caso de violaci?n y abuso sexual a Teresa, persona diagnosticada con Discapacidad Intelectual (PCDI). De las entrevistas emergen diferentes categor?as inductivas (violencia intrafamiliar ?abusos sexuales, insultos, agresiones?, identidad como persona con discapacidad) que se abordan en la discusi?n en dos ejes interpretativos que se corresponden con dos etapas diferenciadas de la vida de la participante (la naturalizaci?n de la violencia y el inicio del cambio como forma de lucha). Como resultados m?s destacables encontramos hechos, en una primera etapa, que nos hablan de la repetici?n en el tiempo de dos tipos de abusos (f?sico, emocional) por parte de sus familiares, entre los que reluce la condici?n de discapacidad, y, una segunda etapa, presentamos su proceso de subversi?n personal sobre el que Teresa pudo reconducir esta situaci?n. Como parte de las conclusiones, entendimos las medidas preventivas y de respeto a la diversidad como elementos esenciales para erradicar la violencia hacia las PCDI.