BSC-LT/ACAData huggingface dataset:
[en] Although the acquisition of resistance to antibiotic substances is a naturally occurring process in bacterial populations, the use of antibiotics by humans has accelerated the process considerably. Multidrug-resistant bacteria may become a global health problem, which is why new strategies to combat them are being studied. In this literature review, several aspects of interest of some alternatives that are currently being investigated in the fight against bacterial resistance will be presented, such as phage therapy, nanoantibiotics or antimicrobial peptides, among others.

[gl] proceso que se produce de maneira natural nas poboacións bacterianas, o emprego de antibióticos polo ser humano acelerou o proceso de xeito considerable. As bacterias multirresistentes poden convertirse nun problema de saúde a nivel mundial, e por iso estanse a estudar novas estratexias para combatilas. Nesta revisión bibliográfica, presentaranse varios aspectos de interese sobre certas alternativas que están sendo investigadas actualmente na loita contra a resistencia bacteriana, tales como a terapia de fagos, os nanoantibióticos ou os péptidos antimicrobianos, entre outras.
[en] In this End-of-Degree Thesis, I studied the passerine community structure of two riparian forests of different ages, a young forest (Mero river) and a mature forest (river Eume), during the winter season, in coastal Galicia (NW Spain). Sampling was carried out by listening stations along 6 linear transects (600 m long) in each riparian forest. A total of 434 and 299 individuals were counted in the young and mature forest, respectively. The mean abundance and density of passerines were higher in the young forest than in the mature forest. Specific richness, diversity and evenness were also higher in the young forest. In terms of typology, it was found that the young forest had proportionally more non-insectivorous, large-sized, migratory and wintering birds. The results of the study confirmed a priori expectations but, although higher abundance and diversity were found in the young forest, the differences were not as large as expected. The riparian forest of the young forest (river Mero), with 18 years of history, is probably already mature enough to have quite similar characteristics to the mature riparian forest of the river Eume, located within a natural area, legally protected since 1997.

[gl] Neste Traballo Fin de Grao estúdase a estrutura da comunidade de paseriformes de dous bosques de ribeira de diferentes idades, un bosque novo (río Mero) e un bosque maduro (río Eume), durante a época invernal, no litoral galego (NON España). As mostraxes realizáronse a través de estacións de escoita ao longo de 6 transectos lineais (600 m de lonxitude) en cada bosque de ribeira. Un total de 434 e 299 individuos rexistráronse no bosque novo e maduro, respectivamente. A abundancia e densidade medias de paseriformes foron maiores no bosque novo que no maduro. A riqueza de especies, a diversidade e a uniformidade tamén foron maiores no bosque novo. En canto á tipoloxía, comprobouse que no bosque novo había roporcionalmente máis aves non insectívoras, de gran tamaño, migratorias e invernantes. Os resultados do estudo confirmaron as expectativas a priori, pero, aínda que se atopou unha maior abundancia e diversidade no bosque novo, as diferenzas non foron tan grandes como se esperaba. Conclúese que o bosque de ribeira do río novo (Mero), con 18 anos de historia, probablemente teña una idade suficiente para presentar características similares ao bosque de ribeira maduro do río Eume, situado no interior dun espazo natural protexido legalmente dende 1997.
[en] Objective: To determine the outcomes and risk factors associated with the morbidity and mortality of carotid endarterectomy (CEA). To describe the major adverse cardiovascular events (MACES) in the long-term follow-up and their clinical predictors. Methods: Observational retrospective follow-up study with 416 CEAs. The events studied were short-term neurological deficits, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) mortality and overall morbidity and mortality. The long term event was MACE. Results: 4.6 % of patients had a neurological deficit, 1.9 % AMI, 1.9 % died and 22.1 % experienced an MACE. The variables associated with neurological deficit were: history of cerebrovascular disease (OR 4.61), female gender (OR 4.02), immediate reoperation for bleeding (OR 3.47) and Halm score (OR 2.42). The neurological deficit was a predictor for mortality (OR 6.21). Chronic renal failure (OR 4.39 ), immediate reoperation for bleeding (OR 3.09) and female gender (OR 2.60) were predictors of overall morbidity and mortality. The clinical predictors for MACES were the RCR score (HR 1.82) and the peripheral arterial disease (HR 1.59). Conclusions: The variables history of cerebrovascular disease, female gender, immediate reoperation for bleeding, Halm score and chronic renal failure were associated with mortality and morbidity in the procedure. Peripheral arterial disease and high score RCR have an independent effect in predicting MACES.

[gl] Obxectivos: Determinar os resultados e os factores de risco asociados á morbimortalidade da endarterectomía carótide (CEA). Describir os eventos cardiovasculares maiores adversos (MACES) no seguimento a longo prazo e as variables asociadas. Material e métodos: Estudo observacional de seguimento retrospectivo de 416 CEAs. Os eventos estudados a curto prazo foron o déficit neurolóxico, o infarto agudo de miocardio (IAM), a mortalidade e a morbimortalidade global. O evento estudado a longo prazo foi o MACE. Resultados: O 4.6 % dos pacientes experimentaron déficit neurolóxico, o 1.9 % un IAM, o 1.9 % faleceron e o 22.1 % un MACE. As variables asociadas a déficit neurolóxico foron: a enfermidade cerebrovascular previa (OR 4.61), o sexo feminino (OR 4.02), a reintervención inmediata por sangrado (OR 3.47), o score de Halm (OR 2.42). O déficit neurolóxico (OR 6.21) asociouse coa mortalidade do procedemento. A insuficiencia renal crónica (OR 4.39), a reintervención inmediata (OR 3.09) e o sexo feminino (OR 2.60) asociáronse coa morbimortalidade. As variables preditoras de MACES foron o score RCR (HR 1.82) e a arteriopatía periférica (HR 1.59). Conclusións: As variables enfermidade cerebrovascular previa, sexo feminino, reintervención inmediata por sangrado, score de Halm e insuficiencia renal crónica asociáronse coa morbimortalidade do procedemento. A enfermidade arterial periférica e o score RCR elevado teñen un efecto independente para predicir MACES.
[en] Music transcends language and cultural barriers, serving as a deep bond between individuals and communities. Within this context, Spanish rap emerges as a powerful channel of expression, reflecting the experiences, aspirations, and frustrations of its creators and listeners. This Final Degree Project explores the values transmitted by Spanish rap, analyzing how this musical genre reflects the expectations and concerns of Spanish society. Through a meticulous analysis of lyrics and interviews with consumers, this study seeks to understand the influence of rap on current Spanish identity and culture. The objectives include exploring the values in rap lyrics, identifying manifestations of dissatisfaction, and analyzing how these values are perceived and shared by listeners.

[gl] A música transcende as barreiras da lingua e a cultura, servindo como un vínculo profundo entre individuos e comunidades. Dentro deste contexto, o rap español emerxe como un poderoso canal de expresión, reflectindo as experiencias, aspiracións e frustracións dos seus creadores e oíntes. Este traballo de fin de grao explora os valores transmitidos polo rap español, analizando como este xénero musical reflicte as expectativas e preocupacións dunha parte da sociedade española. A través dunha análise meticulosa das letras e entrevistas con consumidores, este estudo busca comprender a influencia do rap na identidade e cultura actuais de España. Os obxectivos inclúen explorar os valores nas letras do rap, identificar manifestacións de insatisfacción e analizar como estes valores son percibidos e compartidos polos oíntes.
[en] Curing cancer is a great challenge for modern medicine. In mammalian cells, there is an important protein for tumor suppression, the p53 protein. However, the alteration of its function has consequences that favor the cancer. On the other hand, CRISPR/Cas9 technology has proven to be very useful in genome editing because of its ease of use, low cost and versatility. So what can CRISPR/Cas9 technology contribute to fight against cancer? In cases where p53 is mutated, can CRISPR/Cas9 correct mutations in p53? In this paperwork we will try to solve these doubts, showing different approaches of CRISPR/Cas9, as well as certain inconveniences that may arise from its application.

[gl] Curar o cancro é un gran reto da medicina actual. Nas células de mamíferos, existe unha proteína importante para a supresión de tumores, a proteína p53. Con todo, a alteración da súa función ten consecuencias que favorecen o cancro. Doutra banda, a tecnoloxía CRISPR/Cas9 demostrou ser de gran utilidade en edición de genomas pola súa facilidade de uso, baixo costo e versatilidad. Entón, que é o que pode aportar a tecnoloxía CRISPR/Cas9 na loita contra o cancro? Nos casos nos que p53 estea mutado, pode CRISPR/Cas9 corrixir mutaciones en p53? Neste traballo intentaremos resolver estas dúbidas, mostrando diferentes enfoques de CRISPR/Cas9, así como certos inconvenientes que poden xurdir da súa aplicación.
[en] The present work analyzes the legal defense insurance in the maritime area, on the basis of maritime processes as a source of risks, and of legal defense insurance regulated in Ley 50/1980, de 8 de octubre, de Contrato de Seguro, a rule which expressly excludes from its objective scope of application those disputes or risks arising from the use of ships or maritime vessels. Insofar as it is subject to formal and instrumental sources of Maritime and Insurance Law and it is exposed to real risks of navigation, there is maritime legal defense insurance as a maritime institution. The insurance companies that offer this coverage, called FD&D, to the maritime operators are P&I Clubs, mutual insurance companies with variable premiums, that absolutely condition the insurance contract itself, which consists of standard rules for all Associates, in which important powers are attributed to the Board and Managers for controlling both coverage and casualty, at the expense of insured's rights

[gl] O presente traballo analiza o seguro de protección xurídica no eido marítimo, en base ós procesos mariños como fonte de risco, e ó seguro de protección xurídica regulado pola Lei 50/1980, de 8 de outubro, de Contratos de Seguro, norma que exclúe expresamente da súa área de aplicación obxectiva, aqueles litixios ou riscos que resulten da utilización de buques ou embarcacións marítimas. Na medida en que está suxeito a fontes formais e instrumentais do Dereito e Seguro marítimos, e exponse a auténticos riscos da navegación, existe un seguro marítimo de protección xurídica como institución marítima. As compañías de seguros que ofrecen esta cobertura, coñecida como FD&D, ós operadores marítimos son os Clubs P&I, mutuas a prima variable, que condicionan absolutamente o contrato de seguro, que consiste nunhas regras estándar para todos os Asociados, nas que se atribúen ó Comité e ós Directores importantes facultades de control sobre a cobertura e o sinistro, en detrimento dos dereitos do asegurado.
[en] Migrant shorebirds are very sensitive to habitat changes, due to their dependence on a limited number of sites during their long migrations, where they concentrate in large numbers at a given moment. Thus, they require habitat management strategies, like the protection of critical areas and, especially, raising the awareness of the communities and in particular of the political decision-makers. In this context, the strategies and conservation actions taken during last ten years in the Gallegos river estuary are presented. This environment is of great value for these species, but it was being heavily impacted by the accelerated urbanization of the coast. The aim pursued was to modify the trend in the use of the coast and to improve the relationship between man and his environment. The work was carried out by means of an articulation with the governmental administrations, education sectors, individuals, and local and international NGOs. Among the results, the creation of two protected areas (provincial and urban), the enacting of a provincial Law of Conservation of Wetlands and Shorebirds, the recognition as Site of International Importance by the Western Hemisphere Shorebird Reserve Network, and its declaration as AICA/IBA Site stand out.

[gl] As aves praieiras migratorias son moi sensibles aos cambios de hábitat por mor da súa dependencia a un limitado número de sitios durante as súas longas migracións, onde se concentran en grandes cantidades nun momento dado. Requiren, daquela, de estratexias de manexo do hábitat caso da protección das áreas críticas e, especialmente, dunha concienciación por parte das comunidades e dos dirixentes políticos en particular. Neste contexto preséntanse as estratexias e as accións de conservación emprendidas durante os últimos dez anos no esteiro do río Gallegos, ambiente dun gran valor para estas especies, mais que está a sufrir fortemente o impacto da acelerada urbanización da costa. A meta perseguida foi modificar a tendencia no uso da costa e mellorar a relación do ser humano co seu contorno. Traballouse mediante unha articulación coas administracións gobernamentais, os sectores educativos, particulares e ONG locais e internacionais. Entre os resultados cómpre salientar a creación de dúas áreas protexidas (provincial e urbana), a promulgación da Lei provincial de conservación das zonas húmidas e das aves praieiras, o recoñecemento como sitio de importancia internacional pola Rede Hemisférica de Reservas para Aves Praieiras e, finalmente, a declaración como un sitio AICA/IBA.
[en] Fluoromisonidazole ([18F]FMISO) is a radiopharmaceutical used for the detection of hypoxic tissues in vivo by PET. Because the accumulation of this tracer is inversely related to cellular oxygen partial pressure, it could be a potential indicator of penumbra, that is, potentially salvageable damaged tissue. The main objective of this PhD Thesis is to explore the use of FMISO in experimental models of cerebral hemorrhage and peripheral arterial disease induced in rats. This Doctoral Thesis has confirmed the feasibility of the PET technique with FMISO for the study of the presence of hypoxic regions in vivo, being a useful tool for monitoring the evolution of a particular pathology in clinical trials with patients.

[gl] O Fluoromisonidazol ([18F]FMISO) é un radiofármaco que se emprega para a detección de tecidos hipóxicos in vivo mediante a PET. Debido a que o acúmulo deste trazador está inversamente relacionado coa presión parcial de osíxeno celular, podería ser un indicador potencial da penumbra, é dicir, do tecido danado potencialmente salvable. O obxectivo principal desta Tese Doutoral é explorar o uso do FMISO en modelos experimentais de hemorraxia cerebral e enfermidade arterial periférica inducidos en ratas. Esta Tese Doutoral permitiu confirmar a viabilidade da técnica de PET con FMISO para o estudo da presenza de rexións hipóxicas in vivo, tratándose dunha ferramenta útil para o seguimento da evolución dunha determinada patoloxía en ensaios clínicos con pacientes.
[en] In this document the social dimension of the captivity in the Southeast of the Iberian Peninsula of the Greek or Spur-thighed tortoise (Testudo graeca) is a subject of research. In order to do this, quantitative and qualitative techniques of social research have been used, specifically through questionnaires amongst the local population and new residents who reside there as a result of international tourism, and intensive interviews with the groups of people who hold tortoises in captivity and with those who are involved in the protection and control of the species. Such techniques have allowed us to quantify the current situation and the trends for the catching and keeping this species in captivity, as well as to determine the motivation behind such practices and the various social representations held towards the species, as well as the existing points of view held towards the protection of the species. From these results recommendations are given with regards to the management and social intervention in order to protect the Greek or Spur-thighed tortoise in the Southeast of the Iberian Peninsula and the control of the poplation in captivity of the Greek or Spur-thighed tortoise.

[gl] No presente manuscrito investígase a dimensión social da conservación de especies a través do estudo do fenómeno da catividade da tartaruga moura (Testudo graeca) no sueste ibérico. Para iso utilizaron técnicas cuantitativas e cualitativas de investigación social, en concreto, enquisas a poboación autóctona e a novos residentes do turismo internacional e entrevistas en profundidade a colectivos que manteñen tartarugas cativas e a aqueles implicados na conservación e xestión da especie. Estas técnicas permitiron cuantificar a situación actual e as tendencias a coleccionar e posuír tartarugas en catividade, permitiron determinar as motivacións destas prácticas e as diferentes representacións sociais que se manteñen cara á especie, así como coñecer os posicionamentos existentes cara á conservación da especie. A partir destes resultados danse recomendacións de xestión e intervención social para a conservación da tartaruga moura no sueste ibérico e a xestión da poboación cativa de tartaruga moura.
[en] When between 1950 and 1970 the urban peripheries were filled with shanties, massive relocations were applied in new absorption neighborhoods, insufficient to satisfy the growing demand and which, furthermore, left out specific social groups. Roma families were relegated to later relocations and special solutions: segregated slums. These complexes, built by the public administrations and social entities, did not have the minimum conditions of habitability and consolidated urban segregation. They were characterized by four action strategies: re-segregative, assistant, differential and universalist. This segregative urbanism is the territorial expression of historical structural anti-Roma racism, where the Roma are represented as the other, in opposition to the payo. More than 1 in 4 Galician precarious settlements have been built by the local institutions according to these criteria. When these contexts collapse, relocations are programmed in "normalized housing", following assimilationist and dispersing policies. This homogenizing claim seeks to neutralize the difference based on an ethnocentric/ heteropatriarchal /colonial conception of inhabiting. In order to decolonize the right to the city, we must recognize the mutualist resistance developed in the margin-inhabiting among the precarious self-built settlements. We must approach these relegated spaces as complex urban elements endowed with memory and as producers of knowledge with emancipatory potential.

[gl] Cando entre 1950 e 1970 as periferias urbanas colmatáronse de chabolas, aplicáronse realoxamentos masivos en novos barrios de absorción, insuficientes para satisfacer a demanda crecente e que, ademáis, deixaron fóra a grupos sociais concretos. Las familias xitanas quedaron relegadas a realoxamentos posteriores e ás solucións especiais: asentamentos segregados de infravivenda. Estes conxuntos, construídos polas administracións e entidades sociais, non contaban coas condicións mínimas de habitabilidade e consolidaron a segregación urbana. Caracterizáronse por catro estratexias de actuación: re-segregativa, asistencial, diferencialista e universalista. Este urbanismo segregativo é a expresión territorial do antixitanismo estrutural histórico, onde o xitano é representado como o outro, en oposición ao payo. Máis de 1 de cada 4 asentamentos precarios galegos foron construídos polas institucións segundo os devanditos criterios. Cando estes contextos colapsan prográmanse realoxamentos en "vivenda normalizada", seguindo políticas asimilacionistas e de dispersión. Esta pretensión homoxeneizante busca neutralizar a diferenza en base a unha concepción etnocéntrica/ heteropatriarcal/colonial do habitar. 10 ﻿ Para descolonizar o dereito á cidade debemos recoñecer as resistencias mutualistas desenvolvidas en habitares marxe dos asentamentos precarios autoconstruidos. Aproximarnos a estes espazos relegados como elementos urbanos complexos dotados de memoria e produtores de coñecemento con potencial emancipador.
[en] Introduction: Pediatric pain has always been an undervalued topic. In the past, it was thought that children could not perceive pain and, although today we know that these beliefs are wrong, pediatric pain continues to be poorly controlled. Some of the the main causes of this inadequate management are the lack of knowledge and training of nursing staff. When controlling infant pain, nurses find many difficulties such as the complexity of assessing pain in newborn and the management of opioid drugs. Therefore, this study will be carried out to evaluate the level of knowledge of galician nurses and - once the results have been obtained – there will be exposed appropriate measures to improve this situation if necessary. Objetives: To assess the level of knowledge in nurses working in paediatric services in hospitals from the province of A Coruña. Methodology: Quantitative project, descriptive of transversal cut. It will be carried out in the children's units of the hospitals from the province of A Coruña which includes three health areas: A Coruña, Ferrol and Santiago de Compostela. The validated questionnaire Pediatric Nurses´ Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain (PNKAS) will be used for data collection.

[gl] Introdución: A dor pediátrica é un aspecto que sempre estivo infravalorado. Antigamente pensábase que os nenos non podían percibir a dor e, aínda que hoxe en día sábese que estas crenzas son erróneas, a dor pediátrica segue a estar mal controlada. Entre as principais causas de esta xestión inadecuada destaca a falta de coñecementos e formación do persoal de enfermaría. Algunhas das dificultades cas que se atopan as enfermeiras á hora de controlar a dor infantil son a complexidade para a avaliación da dor nos nenos recén nados e o uso de fármacos opioides. Por todo isto levarase a cabo un estudo para avaliar o nivel de coñecementos das enfermeiras galegas. Unha vez obtidos os resultados, presentaránse as medidas necesarias para mellorar esta situación, se fose necesario. Obxetivos: Avaliar o nivel del coñecementos das enfermeiras que traballan nos servizos de pediatría dos hospitais pertencentes a provincia de A Coruña. Metodoloxía: Proxecto cuantitativo, descriptivo, de corte trasversal. Levarase a cabo nas unidades infantís dos hospitais pertencentes á provincia da Coruña, que inclúe tres áreas sanitarias: A Coruña, Ferrol e Santiago de Compostela. Para a recollida de datos utilizarase o cuestionario validado Pediatric Nurses´ Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain (PNKAS).