BSC-LT/ACAData huggingface dataset:
[en] This article aims, firstly, at approaching the figure of Enrique G?mez Carrillo, intellectual considered fundamental in Spanish journals since 1900 and an active participant in the cultural life of the country as correspondent, collaborator, and director in different periodicals. Secondly, I will analyze his work as director of Cosm?polis (1919-1922), a publication edited in Madrid very interesting but scarcely known. In the pages of Cosm?polis, G?mez Carrillo promoted himself, revealed his universal curiosity, and invited, as journalists, the best intellectuals of his time. He could thereby reflect the most controversial ideas discussed in those years and, above all, promote the links between Latin American and Spanish thinkers and artists.

[es] El presente art?culo se acerca, en primer lugar, a la figura de Enrique G?mez Carrillo, intelectual guatemalteco fundamental en las revistas espa?olas desde 1900, que particip? activamente en la vida cultural del pa?s como corresponsal, colaborador y director de diferentes publicaciones peri?dicas. M?s adelante, se centra en su labor al frente de la madrile?a Cosm?polis (1919-1922), una publicaci?n tan interesante como poco conocida hasta nuestros d?as, en la que G?mez Carrillo, am?n de autopromocionarse, demostrar su curiosidad universal e invitar a las mejores plumas de su tiempo, dio cuenta de los debates culturales vigentes en la ?poca y pretendi?, por encima de todo, estrechar los v?nculos entre pensadores y artistas de ambos lados del oc?ano.
[en] This paper shows that youth involvement in groups, in this case the public policies that reflect the environment is a fertile opportunity to form social subjects. In this sense, it also shows that non-formal education is, outside of school is an effective tool for behavior change among youth, and in Brazil this kind of public investment contributes significantly to improve the youth level in many ways, particularly in implementing the National Environmental Education Policy, including with respect to the far-reaching policy decisions. The areas of participation, called councils, commissions, conferences, are spaces that primarily exist to perform the role of educator or educational structures space. The existence of these structures such as councils, groups, committees and networks is urgently needed. However, not enough to exert its educational role. It is essential to continuous development and ongoing activities, reflection and action.

[es] El presente art?culo muestra que la participaci?n de j?venes en colectivos, en este caso los que reflejan pol?ticas p?blicas y medio ambiente, constituye una f?rtil oportunidad para formar sujetos sociales. En este sentido, se muestra tambi?n que la educaci?n no formal, es decir, fuera de la escuela, es una herramienta eficaz para el cambio de comportamiento entre los j?venes, y que en Brasil ese tipo de inversi?n p?blica contribuye significativamente a mejorar la categor?a juvenil en muchos sentidos, sobre todo en la implementaci?n de la Pol?tica Nacional de Educaci?n Ambiental, incluso en lo que se refiere a las decisiones pol?ticas de largo alcance. Los espacios de participaci?n, llamados consejos, comisiones, conferencias, son espacios que, ante todo, existen para ejercer la funci?n de espacio educador o estructuras educadoras. La existencia de estas estructuras como consejos, colectivos, comisiones y redes es urgentemente necesaria. Sin embargo, no son suficientes para ejercer su papel educativo. Es imprescindible la preparaci?n continua y permanente de actividades, de reflexi?n y de acciones.
[en] Introduction: During the puerperium there is a sudden drop in hormones, which facilitates greater emotional instability with a predisposition to develop mental problems. Objectives: This research work aims to analyze the degree of satisfaction in the emotional field that women present after giving birth, related to the assistance in the emotional aspects that they have received during the postpartum period. Methodology: A questionnaire was distributed to women who have given birth in less than a year in order to obtain information on their emotional situation and the care they have received in the puerperium. Results: There was a direct relationship since the more information the midwife received, the better they felt after giving birth. The women in the survey did not receive any tests for the early detection of depressive or emotional pathology. The women who have felt most informed and accompanied are the ones who have received most emotional and affective support from health professionals. Most of the women who did not give importance to their mental health report that their midwife did not give it either. Conclusions: Most believe that healthcare professionals have shown no interest in their emotions and that an emotional support assessment would be necessary. This work is taken as a proposal to solve deficits and routinely implement the early detection of mental problems in this population.

[es] Introducci?n: Durante el puerperio se produce una ca?da brusca de hormonas, lo que facilita una mayor inestabilidad emocional con predisposici?n a desarrollar problemas mentales. Objetivos: Este trabajo de investigaci?n pretende analizar el grado de satisfacci?n en el ?mbito emocional que presentan las mujeres despu?s de dar a luz, relacionados con la asistencia en los aspectos emocionales que han recibido durante el puerperio. Metodolog?a: Se elabor? un cuestionario distribuido a mujeres que han dado a luz en un plazo menor de un a?o con el fin de obtener informaci?n de su situaci?n emocional y de la atenci?n que han recibido en el puerperio. Resultados: Existi? una relaci?n directa ya que cuanta m?s informaci?n recib?an las mujeres de la matrona, mejor se sent?an despu?s del parto. Las mujeres de la encuesta no recibieron ninguna prueba para la detecci?n precoz de patolog?a depresiva o emocional. Las mujeres que m?s informadas y acompa?adas se han sentido son las que m?s apoyo emocional y afectivo han recibido por parte de los profesionales sanitarios. La mayor?a de las mujeres que no le daban importancia a su salud mental refieren que su matrona tampoco se la dio. Conclusiones: La mayor?a considera que los profesionales sanitarios no han mostrado inter?s acerca de sus emociones y que ser?a necesaria una evaluaci?n de apoyo emocional. Este trabajo se toma como propuesta para solventar d?ficits e implementar rutinariamente la detecci?n precoz de problemas mentales en esta poblaci?n.
[en] The present investigation raises the value of the company as an alternative measure of approximation to his royal value in relative terms, emphasizing at the same time the importance of the countable information as an element that helps to increase the level of usefulness for the investor of the valuation. With it there is achieved an own exposition that consists of two complementary parts. In the first part, the valuation of the company is studied from the consideration of the different models proposed by the literature grouped according to his characteristics, the conceptual frame of application and the economic environment in which the investor is unrolled, whereas in the second one there is established and confirms empirically the behavior of the model of the ideal value of the company proposed. The lines of investigation based on the models and methods that use as basic elements of the valuation the balance sheet, the result or a combination of both have demonstrated his impact to theoretical and empirical level and there have been contributed specific results that have allowed to continue advancing. Nevertheless, the model great diversity reveals the differences and possibilities in the application and usefulness of the countable information of the company, managing to produce heterogeneous results that can increase the difficulty of the process of capture of decisions of the investors or of other groups of interest.

[es] La presente investigaci?n plantea el valor de la empresa como una medida alternativa de aproximaci?n a su valor real en t?rminos relativos, destacando al mismo tiempo la importancia de la informaci?n contable como un elemento que contribuye a aumentar el nivel de utilidad para el inversor de la valoraci?n. Con ello se logra un planteamiento propio que consta de dos partes complementarias. En la primera parte, se estudia la valoraci?n de la empresa a partir de la consideraci?n de los distintos modelos propuestos por la literatura agrupados seg?n sus caracter?sticas, el marco conceptual de aplicaci?n y el entorno econ?mico en el que se desenvuelve el inversor, mientras que en la segunda se establece y contrasta emp?ricamente el comportamiento del modelo del valor ?ptimo de la empresa propuesto. Las l?neas de investigaci?n basadas en los modelos y m?todos que utilizan como elementos b?sicos de la valoraci?n el balance, el resultado o una combinaci?n de ambos han demostrado su impacto a nivel te?rico y emp?rico y se han aportado resultados espec?ficos que han permitido seguir avanzando. Sin embargo, la gran diversidad de modelos pone de manifiesto las diferencias y posibilidades en la aplicaci?n y utilidad de la informaci?n contable de la empresa, llegando a producir resultados heterog?neos que pueden incrementar la dificultad del proceso de toma de decisiones de los inversores o de otros grupos de inter?s.
[en] Together with a few considerations of geological and archeological nature, this work deals with the statistical study of the fauna of the neolithic inhabited place of Teso del Moral (Cuelgamures, Zamora) and shows a great abundance of caprines. The fact that these animals are away from their natural habitats, tends to indicate their domestication, appearing then the first time in an inhabited place of the septentrional Meseta.

[es] Junto a unas consideraciones de ?ndole geol?gica y arqueol?gica, se da a conocer estad?sticamente la fauna del poblado eneol?tico del Teso del Moral (Cuelgamueres, Zamora), destacando la gran abundancia de caprinos. Estos, dado el alejamiento de sus h?bitats naturales, parecen indicar su domesticaci?n, document?ndose as? por primera vez en un poblado eneol?tico de la Meseta Septentrional.
[en] In Asturias, some sites with Palaeolithic Art had offered numeric datations, obtained by 14C AMS, from the aurignacian and gravettian times. For a better interpretation, depending on the case, those datations are confronted with the results of an electronic microscope study, teh deducible arguments from the parietal and archaeological contexts, and from the style of the dated subjets. It is show the problems in the sampling protocol from 14C AMS.

[es] En Asturias, algunos sitios con Arte Paleol?tico han ofrecido cronolog?as num?ricas obtenidas por el l4C AMS que se remontan a los tiempos auri?acienses y gravetienses. Para su mejor interpretaci?n, seg?n los casos, se confrontan esas cronolog?as con los resultados de un estudio de microscop?a electr?nica y los argumentos deducibles de los contextos parietal y arqueol?gico y del estilo de los sujetos datados. Se se?alan problemas en el protocolo de muestreo del 14C AMS.
[en] This thesis on health and welfare reforms in the city of Salamanca attempts to close the historiographical empty in health care reforms and public health conducted by the Bourbon monarchy in that city in the second half of the XVIII century.

[es] Esta tesis doctoral sobre las reformas sanitarias y asistenciales en la ciudad de Salamanca pretende cubrir el vac?o historiogr?fico sobre las reformas en materia asistencial y de salud p?blica llevadas a cabo por la monarqu?a borb?nica en esa ciudad en la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII.
[en] In a number of countries, a diversity of inclusive educational programmes have been developed at universities for people with intellectual disabilities. In Spain, several initiatives are under way at various universities to address this situation. In this article, we present the first of these, the Promentor Program (UAM-PRODIS). A description of the most significant research results are given herein. The Promentor Program experience shows that the inclusion of people with intellectual disabilities at university level is both possible and desirable, both for the individuals themselves and for the university and business community.

[es] En varios pa?ses, se han desarrollado programas de inclusi?n educativa en la universidad para personas con discapacidad intelectual. En Espa?a, varias iniciativas tratan de impulsar la inclusi?n en el ?mbito universitario. En este art?culo, se presenta la primera de ellas, el Programa Promentor (UAM-PRODIS). Se realiza una descripci?n de los resultados de investigaci?n m?s significativos. La experiencia del Programa Pro mentor demuestra que la inclusi?n de personas con discapacidad intelectual en la uni versidad es posible y deseable, tanto para las propias personas que tienen la oportunidad como para la universidad y el mundo laboral.
[en] Liposomes provide ideal vesicular systems for controlled release and vectorization of drugs through pulmonary administration, due to their similarity to cell membranes and their great versatility. Sildenafil citrate, represents an optimal model of drug to be incorporated into these lipid vesicles for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension. The objective of the work was to characterize the behavior of liposomes loaded with sildenafil and evaluate the transfer of the drug in different bio-resistant media. Liposomes of two sizes (0.45 and 0.20 microns) were developed by sonication. Subsequently, the drug release test was carried out in different biorelevant media (simulated plasma fluid SBF, simulated pulmonary fluid SPF and PBS). According to the results obtained, a more sustained and consistent rate of release of the drug was observed over time in the case of liposomes, regardless of the medium. In PBS and SPF media, a greater amount of drug was released from the larger liposomes (0.45 microns), however, in the SBF the transfer kinetics of both liposome sizes (0.45?m and 0.20 ?m) are very similar, with no significant differences in the time or amount of drug released.

[es] Los liposomas constituyen sistemas vesiculares ideales para la liberaci?n controlada y vectorizaci?n de f?rmacos a trav?s de su administraci?n pulmonar, debido a su similitud con las membranas celulares y su gran versatilidad. El citrato de sildenafilo, representa un ?ptimo modelo de f?rmaco para ser incorporado en estas ves?culas lip?dicas para el tratamiento de la hipertensi?n pulmonar. El objetivo del trabajo fue caracterizar el comportamiento de los liposomas cargados con sildenafilo y evaluar la cesi?n del f?rmaco en distintos medios biorrelevantes. Se elaboraron liposomas de dos tama?os (0.45 y 0.20 micras) mediante sonicaci?n. Posteriormente se llev? a cabo el ensayo de liberaci?n del f?rmaco en diferentes medios biorrelevantes (fluido plasm?tico simulado SBF, fluido pulmonar simulado SPF y PBS). Seg?n los resultados obtenidos se observ? una velocidad de liberaci?n del f?rmaco m?s sostenida y constante a lo largo del tiempo en el caso de los liposomas, independientemente del medio. En los medios PBS y SPF, se liber? una mayor cantidad de f?rmaco desde los liposomas con mayor tama?o (0,45 ?m), sin embargo, en el SBF las cin?ticas de cesi?n de ambos tama?os de liposomas (0,45 y 0,20 ?m) son muy similares, no encontr?ndose diferencias significativas en el tiempo o cantidad de f?rmaco liberada.
[en] With the intention of formulating a useful guide that takes into consideration all of the personal characteristics of a child from birth to the age of three, this paper examines the principle indicators of typical human psychomotor development. These indicators suggest an evaluation of the musculature of the neck, the position taken and maintained by the child while seated, the position of the feet and other motor skills behavior. The data has been collected through researching the available literature dating from the sixties and interviewing an experienced pediatric neurologist. As a consequence of this research, information related to the detection of the warning signs of possible psychomotor development problems has been accessed. Such early detection can be achieved through direct observation thus leading to the possibility of early treatment and preventative intervention. The physical impairments occurring most frequently in atypical psychomotor development are enumerated and briefly described in order to assist in their identification. The results of this research suggest an informed, individualized intervention well adapted to meet diverse needs.

[es] Con la finalidad de contribuir a la elaboraci?n de una gu?a utilizable en las edades de cero a tres a?os que considere todas las dimensiones de la persona, se han indagado los principales indicadores del desarrollo t?pico de la dimensi?n psicomotriz humana. Sugieren la valoraci?n del tono de la musculatura del cuello, la sedestaci?n, la posici?n de pie y otras conductas motrices. Los datos se han conseguido rastreando las publicaciones disponibles a partir de la d?cada de los a?os sesenta y entrevistando a un experimentado Neuropediatra. Como consecuencia se ha accedido tambi?n a informaci?n relevante para la detecci?n de se?ales de alarma sobre posibles alteraciones del desarrollo psicomotor. Dicha detecci?n podr? realizarse a partir de la observaci?n directa, favoreciendo as? las posibilidades de derivaci?n y atenci?n precoz. Las discapacidades f?sicas m?s frecuentes en un desarrollo psicomotor at?pico son enumeradas y brevemente descritas para apoyar su identificaci?n. Los resultados de esta b?squeda inspiran una intervenci?n educativa personalizada muy adecuada para atender a la diversidad.
[en] Zoological note written at Valladolid the 1st of October of 1954, in which was noted the observation of a juvenile female of the mammal Vulpes vulpes (Red Fox) and of the bird Buteo buteo (Common Buzzard), including the stomach content analysis of both of them.

[es] Nota zool?gica escrita en Valladolid a 1 de octubre de 1954, en la que se anot? la observaci?n de una hembra juvenil del mam?fero Vulpes vulpes (Zorro, tambi?n llamado Raposo por el autor) y la de un individuo del ave Buteo buteo (Busardo ratonero, tambi?n llamado ?guila ratera), incluy?ndose el an?lisis del contenido estomacal de ambas.
[en] Background: The personal assistant is a support figure aimed at improving the autonomy and independence of persons with intellectual disability, and is coherent with the new models of intervention with such groups. Method: Two sub-studies were conducted. The first one, comprising 120 persons with intellectual disability and 147 relatives, was aimed at identifying perceptions on support needs for independent living. The second was a case study with 4 participants who received support from personal assistants. Results: In the first sub-study, persons with intellectual disability showed a clear preference for a greater degree of autonomy and self-determination in their life projects. The second one highlights the effect of personal assistance on the individuals? empowerment and the improvement of their autonomy. Discussion: The results are used to suggest a competency profile of the personal assistant, including ten key competencies, and a critical analysis of the most relevant findings is made.

[es] Planteamiento del problema: El asistente personal es una figura de apoyo a la mejora de la autonom?a y la vida independiente, coherente con los nuevos modelos de intervenci?n con personas con discapacidad intelectual. M?todo: Se desarrollan dos subestudios. El primero cuantitativo, con 120 personas con discapacidad intelectual y 147 familiares, tiene el objetivo de conocer la percepci?n de las necesidades de apoyo para la vida independiente. La segunda fase es un estudio de casos con 4 participantes, en los que se aplica la figura del asistente personal. Resultados: Destaca del primer subestudio la clara disposici?n de las personas con discapacidad intelectual a tener m?s autonom?a y autodeterminaci?n en sus proyectos de vida. En el segundo subestudio resalta el impacto de la asistencia personal en el empoderamiento y en la mejora de la autonom?a. Conclusiones: Con base en los resultados, se propone un perfil competencial del asistente personal con diez competencias clave y se realiza un an?lisis cr?tico de los hallazgos m?s relevantes.
[en] The main aim of this research is to study the contents related to gender equality in the fourth-year students of the Primary Education degree of the University of Salamanca and Master's students from Europe-University Flensburg. Germany. From a mixed research approach, a questionnaire on gender roles and perception of gender discrimination at work was applied to German and Spanish students. As a complement to the quantitative information, a semi?structured interview was conducted with two professors from the University of Salamanca From the analysis of the results, it is concluded that gender roles are more present in students in Spain, while awareness of discrimination at work does not stand out in German students. Likewise, it has been concluded that training in gender equaUty content is not very present throughout both German and Spanish training despite being highly demanded by students.

[es] El objetivo principal de este estudio es estudiar los contenidos relacionados con la igualdad de g?nero en los estudian?tes de cuarto curso del grado de Educaci?n Primaria de la Universidad de Salamanca y estudiantes de m?ster de Eu?ropa-Universitat Flensburg, Alemania A partir de un enfoque de investigaci?n mixto, se aplic? un cuestionario sobre roles de g?nero y percepci?n de discriminaci?n de g?nero en el trabajo a los estudiantes alemanes y a los espa?oles. Como complemento a la informaci?n cuantitativa, se realiz? una entrevista semi-estructurada a dos profesoras de la Universidad de Salamanca A partir del an?lisis de los resultados, se llega a la conclusi?n que los roles de g?nero est?n m?s presentes en los estudiantes de Espa?a, mientras que la concienciaci?n en cuanto a la discriminaci?n en el trabajo no destaca en los estudiantes alemanes. As! mismo, se ha concluido que la formaci?n en contenidos de igualdad de g?nero no est? muy presente a lo largo de la formaci?n tanto alemana como espa?ola a pesar de ser muy demandada por los estudiantes.
[en] The iberoamerican dimension of Spain is one of the key aspects of the Spanish Foreign Policy, and as a consequence, one of the priorities of its foreign action. From this point of view, which constitutes at the same time a challenge for the future Spanish Foreign Policy after 1992, the project of a "Comunidad Iberoamericana de Naciones" will continue with its process of development and consolidation.

[es] La proyecci?n iberoamericana de Espa?a es una de las dimensiones claves de su pol?tica exterior y, en consecuencia, una de las prioridades de su acci?n exterior. S?lo asumiendo este hecho, que al mismo tiempo constituye un reto para la futura pol?tica exterior espa?ola despu?s de 1992, el proyecto de Comunidad Iberoamericana de Naciones, continuar? con su proceso de consolidaci?n y desarrollo.