BSC-LT/ACAData huggingface dataset:
[en] The chronology of the Levantine Middle Paleolithic is based on stratified Mousterian assemblages in several cave sites, bio-zones of microfaunal associations, and series of Thermoluminesence (TL) and Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) dates. Current revisions indicate that the basic assemblage types, named after the main layers of Tabun cave, as Tabun B, C, and D-type form a common regional cultural sequence. The early phase, also known as Abu-Sifian (in the south) and Hummalian (in the north), reflects the intra-rgional lithic variability. Similar phenomena characterize the later two phases. Human remains are rare in the early phase, while the suite of skeletal remains of archaic modern humans, known as the Skhul-Qafzeh group are dated to the middle phase. The western Asian Neandertals as morphologically defined by most scholars were uncovered in the deposits the later phase ("Tabun B-rype").

[es] La cronolog?a del Paleol?tico Medio levantino est? basada en conjuntos musterienses estratificados de diversas cuevas, as? como en biozonas que vienen dadas por asociaciones de microfauna, y en una serie de dataciones por Termoluminescencia (TL) y Electron Spin Resonance (ESR). Seg?n las ?ltimas revisiones, los tipos b?sicos de los conjuntos l?ricos procedentes de los niveles m?s significativos de la Cueva de Tabun, Tabun B, C y D, pertenecen a una ?nica secuencia cultural regional. La fase inicial, tambi?n conocida como Abu-Sifiense (al sur) y Hummaliense (al norte), refleja variabilidad intrarregional. Las dos fases siguientes tambi?n se ven caracterizadas por fen?menos similares. Hay pocos restos humanos en la fase inicial, mientras que el conjunto de restos de Homo sapiens arcaicos pertenecientes al grupo de Skhul- Qafzeh corresponden a la segunda fase. Los restos humanos del oeste asi?tico que han sido reconocidos morfol?gicamente como neandertales por la mayor?a de los investigadores fueron descubiertos en dep?sitos de la fase m?s tard?a (Tabun B).
[en] The internal control system may play a significative role to assure efficiency and integrity in public management, nevertheless, its eminently bureaucratic design (Weber) maybe contribute more to inertia and corruption. Based on a critic analysis of internal control systems in Spain and Mexico this paper proposes five paths to build a post-bureaucratic model which contribute for the public administration development.

[es] El sistema de control interno est? destinado a desempe?ar un papel muy significativo para asegurar la eficiencia y probidad de la gesti?n gubernamental, sin embargo, su dise?o eminentemente burocr?tico (Weber) puede contribuir m?s a la inercia y a la corrupci?n. Con base en una revisi?n cr?tica de los sistemas de control interno de Espa?a y M?xico el art?culo propone cinco pautas para un modelo postburocr?tico que contribuya al desarrollo de la administraci?n p?blica.
[en] This paper tries to show, through many examples, the great variety of possible forms to carry to the practice an ambiguos and so extensive concep as school choice in education. Other interest on this article is the classification of the school choices programs and the synthesis of each type of programs carred out in the United States, the country that harder has supported the different models of school choice. The objective is to offer an useful instrument for everbody who wishes to deepen more in these analyses, besides to clarify the terminological field what makes difficult the understanding of this issues. This systematization can help to clarify the heterogenous models of election and to associate each one with different intentions in the educational systems.

[es] Este art?culo muestra, a trav?s de experiencias educativas reales, la gran variedad de posibilidades que existen para llevar a la pr?ctica un concepto tan amplio y ambiguo como la libertad de elecci?n en educaci?n. Otro de los intereses de estas p?ginas es presentar una clasificaci?n de los modelos de programas de elecci?n a partir de una peque?a representaci?n de experiencias de cada tipo llevadas a cabo en Estados Unidos, el pa?s que m?s ha impulsado los distintos sistemas de elecci?n. El objetivo es ofrecer un instrumento ?til para cualquiera que desse profundizar m?s en estos an?lisis, adem?s de clarificar el campo terminol?gico que tanto dificulta la comprensi?n de esta tem?tica. Esta sistematizaci?n puede ayudar a clarificar los heterog?neos modelos de elecci?n con diferentes prop?sitos de los sistemas educativos.
[en] We have studied the bryophytes of Ponga, in the southeast of the province of Asturias. We have collected 192 taxa; 7 of them are new records for the bryological flora of Principado de Asturias (N Spain), and others are scarcely recorded and of chorological interest for the Spain is presented.

[es] Presentamos el cat?logo de bri?fitos de Ponga, concejo del sudeste asturiano, en el que recogemos 192 l?xones (62 hep?ticas y 130 musgos). De ellos, 7 especies son nuevas aportaciones para la brioflora de Asturias y otras, siendo poco conocidas, presentan particular inter?s corol?gico para Espa?a.
[en] The Peninsular War brought about in the Germanic world a renewed interest in Spain, as a result of which there were both political consequences and an enormous surge of both informative messages and propaganda. Certain characteristics of the conflict meant that Europeans had both admiration and sympathy for the struggle. At the same time, the cruelty and bigotry which was apparent at times brought about resistance from what was then known as Germany and Austria. In any case, nobody remained indifferent to this war, which had the power to rescue Spain from the political and informative oblivion it had been in and hurl it headlong into the foreground.

[es] La Guerra de la Independencia despert? un gran inter?s en el mundo germano, lo cual se tradujo, adem?s de en consecuencias pol?ticas, en un enorme caudal de mensajes, ya fueran ?stos informativos o propagand?sticos. Algunos rasgos del conflicto determinaron que los europeos vieran la contienda con admiraci?n y simpat?a, mientras que otros provocaron el rechazo en lo que entonces eran Alemania y Austria. Fuera como fuera, la guerra rescat? a Espa?a del olvido pol?tico e informativo en que se hallaba.
[en] The present article tries to examine the weight of the British and European Cervantean tradition in the early novels of Sir Walter Scott (1771-1832). Through the analysis of the recognizable presence of Cervantean elements characteristic of Cervantes?s eighteenth-century emulators in novels such as Waverley (1814), Guy Mannering (1815) and The Antiquary (1816), this article will try to demonstrate how Scott?s early novel-writing possesses a clear transnational and European flavor, despite its evident local tone. Scott is thus not only the creator of a new novelistic genre capable of portraying Scottish history and its peculiarities, but also an important link in a novelistic tradition which will spread over Europe from the seventeenth century onwards: the Cervantean tradition.

[es] Este art?culo trata de analizar el peso de la tradici?n cervantina brit?nica y europea en la narrativa temprana de Sir Walter Scott (1771-1832). A trav?s del an?lisis de la reconocible presencia de elementos caracter?sticos de los emuladores brit?nicos y europeos del Quijote durante el siglo xviii en novelas como Waverley (1814), Guy Mannering (1815) y The Antiquary (1816), se tratar? de demostrar como la novel?stica temprana de Scott, pese a su evidente color local, posee un car?cter claramente transnacional y europeo, situ?ndose entre lo uno y lo diverso, algo que convierte al autor escoc?s no s?lo en el padre de un tipo de novela capaz de reflejar el pasado hist?rico de Escocia y sus particularidades, sino tambi?n en un importante eslab?n de una tradici?n novel?stica que recorre Europa desde el siglo xvii hasta nuestros d?as: la tradici?n cervantina.
[en] The paper pretends to show how and up to what extent our Homo politicus condition (social beings) has been redefined from our Homo fabers condition (human the makers), and particularly with the creation of the ICTs. For this purpose we analyse the new channel of communication and the different social relationships established within it. The main conclusion is that the appearance of Internet has not involved a deep change in the socialization of people since we have not observed any distinction either in the parameters with which social relationships are organized or the formation of groups both in real (off-line) and virtual life (on-line). That is why we can declare that our condition as sociable beings remains intact in spite of that supposed conversion in citizens of the world.

[es] El art?culo trata de ver de qu? manera y hasta qu? punto se ha redefinido, a partir de nuestra condici?n de Homo fabers, espec?ficamente con la creaci?n de las TICs, nuestra condici?n de Homo politicus (seres sociales). Para ello analizamos el nuevo canal comunicativo y los tipos de relaciones sociales que se establecen en ?l. La conclusi?n central es que la aparici?n de Internet no ha significado ning?n cambio profundo en la socializaci?n de las personas al no observarse ninguna distinci?n en los par?metros de establecimiento de las relaciones sociales y la conformaci?n de grupos tanto en la vida real (off-line) como virtual (on-line), de ah? que podamos afirmar que nuestra condici?n de seres gregarios permanece inc?lume tras esa aparente conversi?n en ciudadanos del mundo.
[en] In this article we study some archaeological testimonies which prove the existence of a cult to Saint Michael since the Visigothic period. Although irrelevant in appearance, the devotion for the archangel is of great interest in order to understand the cultural continuity which existed between the Visigothic period and the High-Mediaeval Spain. The subject is especially important as it can be considered a precedent for the success of the Mozarabic Illustrated Commentaries and for the expansi?n of the study of the Apocalypse and Saint John's theology since the second half of the VIIth century.

[es] En el presente art?culo se estudian algunos testimonios arqueol?gicos que vienen a avalar la existencia de un culto a San Miguel desde ?poca visigoda. Aunque el tema pueda parecer irrelevante, la devoci?n por este arc?ngel interesa para comprender la continuidad cultural que se observa entre el Reino visigodo y la Espa?a altomedieval; especialmente importante por cuanto supone un precedente al ?xito de los Comentarios ilustrados del Beato, as? como del auge que se observa en el estudio del Apocalipsis y, en general, de la teolog?a juanista, a partir de la segunda mitad del siglo VIL
[en] The present work deals with the possibilities of including Foucault's concept of heterotopia in the teaching of the other his(her)tories, given that the visibility of the spaces that throughout past and present historical time have been places of exclusion and that should be studied is proposed. from a new perspective in which that otherness is empowered. This new perspective is to develop a hermeneutical awareness understood by Gadamer as a fusion of past-present horizons and that raises new meanings to project spaces in a future historical time generated by a critical and empathic citizenship that places it thanks to the teaching-learning process of Social Sciences as the main agent of social change.

[es] El presente estudio explora las posibilidades de incluir el concepto heterotop?a de Foucault en la ense?anza de las otras historias, dado que se propone la visibilidad de los espacios que a lo largo del tiempo hist?rico pasado y presente han sido lugares de exclusi?n y que deben ser estudiados desde una nueva perspectiva en el que se empodere a esa otredad. Esa nueva perspectiva pasa por desarrollar una conciencia hermen?utica entendida por Gadamer como una fusi?n de horizontes pasado-presente y que plantee nuevos significados para proyectar espacios en un tiempo hist?rico futuro generados por una ciudadan?a cr?tica y emp?tica que la convierta gracias al proceso ense?anza-aprendizaje de las Ciencias Sociales como principal agente del cambio social.
[en] Compilation of observations about general ecology, morphometric data and observations, and the note of a found ring, of the European Pied Flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca, refered as Muscicapa hypoleuca by the author), taken from several field trips to Toro (Zamora) and different villages of Valladolid, between the 2nd of September of 1942 and the 30th of July of 1952. Three illustrations about the plumage of a captured male are included.

[es] Recopilaci?n de observaciones sobre la ecolog?a general, datos y observaciones morfom?tricos y anotaci?n de una anilla encontrada, del Papamoscas cerrojillo (Ficedula hypoleuca), de numerosas salidas de campo a Toro (Zamora) y varias localidades de Valladolid, entre el 2 de septiembre de 1942 y el 30 de julio de 1952. Incluye tres ilustraciones sobre el plumaje de un macho capturado.
[en] This work, based on a historical character like Luis II of Bavaria, is a study of the circumstances surrounding the appraisal made by a Commission of psychiatrists to incapacitate the King and remove him from the leadership of the State of Bavaria. It makes a review of the clinical history of the King, from their family history to the personal one, the substances of which the King was dependent: chloroform, laudanum, alcohol and the symptoms presented on him when he was disabled, and everything with the evidence that what really happened was a coup d'Etat relying on the fact the King was unable to govern. This paper discusses possible diagnoses like Paranoia (according to the Expert Commission) to a PGP (tertiary syphilis) or the recent diagnoses of Dr. Haffner that state that what the King suffered was a bausuchtig, as well as a social phobia as a reaction to his homosexuality. In the final discussion we analyze of all these diagnostic and historical possibilities and we expose our opinion. The cinematographic author Luchino Visconti, in one of his films of the German trilogy, Ludwig (1973), shows us in an exemplary way, how that process took place.

[es] En este trabajo, partiendo de un personaje hist?rico como fue Luis II de Baviera, se hace un estudio de las circunstancias y hechos que se aportaron durante la peritaci?n que una comisi?n de psiquiatras llev? a cabo para incapacitar al rey y apartarlo de la jefatura del Estado de Baviera. Se repasa la historia cl?nica del rey, desde sus antecedentes familiares a los personales y enfermedad actual. Las sustancias de las que el rey era dependiente y los s?ntomas que presentaba cuando se procedi? a incapacitarlo. Todo ello en un contexto que nos lleva a preguntarnos: ?Lo que realmente ocurri? fue un golpe de Estado, ampar?ndose en que el dictamen de los psiquiatras dec?a que el rey estaba incapacitado para gobernar? El autor cinematogr?fico Luchino Visconti, en una de sus pel?culas de la trilog?a alemana, Luis II de Baviera, el rey loco (Ludwig, 1973), nos muestra de una manera ejemplar, como se produjo aquel proceso.
[en] The understanding of the sexual-affective relationships has historically not been tackled by science, but placed in the context of instincts and irrationality. In this sense, the critical theory of the Radical Love provides a contribution to critical pedagogy allowing people to understand the mechanisms that direct their emotions and the process of election in the sexual-affective relationships. It is about understanding who do we fall in love for, why and to which values is this desire linked being able to have a great repercussion in our lives as it provides us with the tools to develop satisfactory sexual-affective relationships. It also offers us guidelines for a preventive education regarding gender violence by enabling us to understand the attraction models in which we have been socialised and which are influencing our desire and elections.

[es] Hist?ricamente la comprensi?n de las relaciones sexual-afectivas no ha sido abordada desde la ciencia, sino que ha sido situada en el marco de los instintos y de la irracionalidad. En este sentido, la teor?a cr?tica del Radical Love realiza una contribuci?n para la pedagog?a cr?tica al permitir a las personas comprender los mecanismos que rigen en las emociones y en el proceso de elecci?n de las relaciones sexual-afectivas. Se trata de comprender de qui?nes nos enamoramos, por qu? y a qu? valores se entrelaza este deseo, puesto que todo ello puede tener una gran repercusi?n en nuestras vidas. Avanzar hacia esta comprensi?n nos da las herramientas para poder desarrollar unas relaciones afectivo-sexuales satisfactorias. Tambi?n nos ofrece orientaciones para una educaci?n preventiva de la violencia de g?nero al permitirnos comprender los modelos de atracci?n en los que nos hemos socializado y que influyen en nuestro deseo y elecci?n.
[en] The spread of the covid-19 pandemic has generated the need to review the valid limits for the restriction of fundamental rights. This paper reviews the main normative and jurisprudential sources on the state powers to regulate rights, both for times of normality and for emergencies.

[es] La difusi?n de la pandemia de covid-19 ha generado la necesidad de revisar los l?mites v?lidos para la restricci?n de los derechos fundamentales. En este art?culo se repasan las principales fuentes normativas y jurisprudenciales sobre las potestades estatales de regulaci?n de los derechos, tanto para tiempos de normalidad como de emergencia./n
[en] Note about an adult male of Nycticorax nycticorax (Black-crowned Night Heron) observed at Valladolid the 27th of August of 1954, of which the analysis of the stomach content is included.

[es] Nota sobre un macho adulto de Nycticorax nycticorax (Martinete com?n) observado en Valladolid el 27 de agosto de 1954, del que se incluye el an?lisis del contenido estomacal.
[en] The present paper discusses three anti-jacobin novels, The History of Sir George Warrington, or the Political Quixote (1797), The Infernal Quixote. A Tale of the Day (1801), and The Heroine, or Adventures of a Fair Romance Reader (1813), and their contribution to the tradition of quixotism in British literature by means of their conception of the Quixote as a doubly-estranged character, both from an epistemological and a political point of view, and of their negative reading of the quixotic foreignness in the context of the aftermath to the French Revolution in Great Britain, in clear contrast to the radical and idealized interpretation of the Quixote developed coevally at this time.

[es] En el presente trabajo se consideran tres novelas anti-jacobinas, The History of Sir George Warrington, or the Political Quixote (1797), The Infernal Quixote. A Tale of the Day (1801), y The Heroine, or Adventures of a Fair Romance Reader (1813), y su contribuci?n a la tradici?n quijotesca en la literatura brit?nica a trav?s de la concepci?n del Quijote como ser doblemente alienado, tanto desde el punto de vista epistemol?gico como pol?tico, y de su lectura negativa de la extranjerizaci?n del personaje quijotesco en el contexto de la respuesta a la Revoluci?n francesa en Gran Breta?a, en claro contraste con la interpretaci?n radical e idealizada del Quijote desarrollada de forma paralela en esta ?poca.
[en] This article explores data from the Estudo Eleitoral Brasileiro in order to research the bases of support to the Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT) who reached the Presidency of Brazil in 2002. The results show that PT?s voters are more identified with the leadership of Luiz In?cio Lula da Silva, the current president and the historical leader of the party, than with the PT?s ideology. Nevertheless, the ideological linkages between PT and its voters are still more important that the ideological linkages between the other brazilian parties and theirs respective voters.

[es] Este art?culo explora datos del Estudo Eleitoral Brasileiro para investigar las bases de apoyo al Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT), que lleg? por primera vez a la Presidencia de la Rep?blica en Brasil en las elecciones de 2002. Los resultados muestran que los electores del PT est?n m?s identificados con el liderazgo de Luiz In?cio Lula da Silva, actual presidente y l?der hist?rico del partido, que con la ideolog?a del PT. Sin embargo, los v?nculos ideol?gicos entre el PT y sus electores a?n son m?s importantes que los v?nculos ideol?gicos entre los dem?s partidos brasile?os y sus respectivos electores.
[en] Despite its productivity in the fields of criticism and art in the last decades, silence is not an emerging problem, but a phenomenon that already appears in the dawn of culture, as it can be proven by diverse cosmogonies. In this paper, there will be an attempt to analyze silence around Poema del Cante Jondo to demonstrate its presence in Garc?a Lorca, and to try to raise a much-needed empirical methodology to literary studies. The methodology will depart from the concept of listening, to rebuild the poem?s auditory sensory repertory and its relationship to the imaginary. The result will be the discovery of a mythical chronotope of silence, the night in the space of nature. In the framework of cosmic silence, a progressive articulation of language will arise, with a journey that begins in a sigh and culminates with the most sophisticated forms of chants and dialogue.

[es] A pesar de su productividad en el terreno de la cr?tica y del arte de las ?ltimas d?cadas, el silencio no es un problema nuevo, sino un fen?meno que aparece ya en los albores de la cultura como se puede comprobar en diversas cosmogon?as. Aqu? se intentar? analizar en torno al Poema del Cante Jondo para demostrar su presencia en Garc?a Lorca, as? como para intentar plantear una metodolog?a emp?rica tan necesaria a los estudios literarios. Esta ha de partir del concepto de la escucha para reconstruir el repertorio sensorial auditivo del poema y su relaci?n con lo imaginario. El resultado ser? el descubrimiento de un cronotopo m?tico del silencio, la noche en el espacio de la naturaleza. En ese marco de silencio c?smico tendr? lugar una progresiva articulaci?n del lenguaje cuyo trayecto, tras comenzar en el suspiro, culmina con las formas m?s sofisticadas del di?logo y del canto.
[en] Sonorous document that includes fragments of interviews realized by Orlando Castellanos to the poet and filmmaker V?ctor Casaus, the director of the Pablo de la Torriente Brau Cultural Center. Casaus speaks brings over of his artistic occupation and reads nine poems: "The eyes on the handkerchief", "To die of love any place is good", "Poetics of always", "We Are", "The First plane", "For the indolent ones", "For the sectarian ones", "Of the universal history" and "B?rbara". Silvio Rodr?guez sings, of his authorship, "I know you" and V?ctor Casaus's poem musicals for the troubadour "To look to be born". This recording belongs to the collection Alive Word developed by the Pablo de la Torriente Brau Cultural Center, from the interviews realized by the journalist Orlando Castellanos.

[es] Documento sonoro que incluye fragmentos de entrevistas realizadas por Orlando Castellanos al poeta y cineasta V?ctor Casaus, director del Centro Cultural Pablo de la Torriente Brau. Casaus habla acerca de su quehacer art?stico y lee nueve poemas: ?Los ojos sobre el pa?uelo?, ?Para morir de amor cualquier lugar es bueno?, ?Po?tica de siempre?, ?Somos?, ?Primer plano?, ?Para los indolentes?, ?Para los sectarios?, ?De la historia universal? y ?B?rbara?. Silvio Rodr?guez canta, de su autor?a, ?Te conozco? y el poema de V?ctor Casaus musicalizado por el trovador ?Para mirar nacer?. Esta grabaci?n pertenece a la colecci?n Palabra Viva, desarrollada por el Centro Cultural Pablo de la Torriente Brau, a partir de las entrevistas realizadas por el periodista Orlando Castellanos.