BSC-LT/ACAData huggingface dataset:
[en] Through this end-of-degree project, I will analyse one of the issues that most concerns the education system and the society, specifically, the bullying or the harassment that occurs in the school environment. The aim of this work is to see the impact of the Coexistence Plans and the formation received by the teachers in these bullying cases. To this end, I will carry out a mixed method research project. This research work will consist of two sections: on the one hand, a quantitative research, and on the other hand, a qualitative research. Through this, we will analyse the Coexistence Plans and the interviews carried out with two teachers at different schools in Urola Kosta. In this way, we will be able to contrast our hypotheses in order to draw conclusions.

[eu] Gradu Amaierako Lan honen bitartez, gaur egungo hezkuntza sistemaren eta gizartearen arazo garrantzitsu bat bilakatu den gai bai izango dut aztergai, zehazki eskola eremuan ematen den bullying-a edo jazarpena. Lanaren helburu nagusia, ikastetxeetako Bizikidetza Planek eta bertako irakasleek gai honen inguruan jasotzen duten formakuntzak, eskola eremuan ematen diren bullying kasuetan duten eragina ikustea izango da, horretarako metodo mistoa duen ikerketa lan bat burutuz. Ikerketa lan honek bi atal izango ditu: alde batetik, ikerketa kuantitatiboa, eta beste aldetik, ikerketa kualitatiboa. Ikerketa hauen bidez, Urola Kostako bi ikastetxetako Bizikidetza Planak eta ikastetxe hauetako bi kideri eginiko elkarrizketak aztertu eta analizatuko ditugu. Horrela, gure hipotesiekin kontrastatu, ondorioak ateratzeko asmoz.
[en] In this work is proposed the educational inclusion of a student with cerebral palsy, using two sessions of Physical Education, through activities and games. Prior to this program, the relevance of social inclusion and the echo that is achieving in the educational community are emphasized. Focusing on its conceptual analysis and referring to students with special needs, the large number of benefits existing for the whole group is numbered. Having analyzed their benefits and taking into account the necessary adjustments, the activities mentioned previously are introduced and is highlighted the conclusions deduced.

[eu] Lan honetan, Heziketa Fisikoko bi saio proposatzen dira. Helburua, jarduera eta jokoen bitartez garun paralisia duen ikasle baten inkluzioa eskolan. Programazio baino lehen, inkluzioak gizarte mailan duen garrantzia eta hezkuntza komunitatean lortzen ari den oihartzuna goraipatzen da. Xedean zentratuz, hezkuntza premia bereziak dituzten ikasleak, taldeari eman diezaioketen hainbat onura kontzientzia harrarazi nahi diogu ikaslegoari. Onurak aztertuta eta beharrezko egokitzapenak kontuan hartuta, aurretik aipatutako jarduerak aurkeztu eta ateratako ondorioak nabarmentzen dira.
[en] This work presents an experimental study on the flow dynamics in hydrokinetic turbines, using measurements conducted in a laboratory with hydroacoustic measurement tools. The longitudinal, transverse, and vertical mean velocities, as well as the turbulent kinetic energy and flow deviations, are characterized both upstream and downstream of the turbine. The analysis focuses on the interaction between the flow and the turbine, and the disturbances it generates in the current, highlighting the implications for the design of more efficient and optimized turbines. Additionally, improvements in turbine design and control were implemented through 3D printing. The results provide key recommendations for improving the efficiency and design of hydrokinetic turbines, contributing to their development in the field of renewable energy.

[eu] Lan honek turbina hidrozinetikoetako fluxuaren dinamikari buruzko azterketa esperimental bat aurkezten du, laborategian neurketa-tresna hidroakustikoekin egindako neurketak erabiliz. Luzetarako batez besteko abiadura, zeharkakoa eta bertikala ezaugarritzen dira, baita energia zinetiko zurrunbilotsua eta fluxuaren desbideratzeak ere, turbinatik ur gora zein ur behera. Analisia fluxuaren eta turbinaren arteko elkarreraginean eta korrontean sortzen dituen perturbazioetan oinarritzen da, eta turbina eraginkorragoak eta optimizatuagoak diseinatzeko inplikazioak nabarmentzen dira. Halaber, hobekuntzak ezarri ziren turbinaren diseinuan eta kontrolean, 3D inprimaketaren bidez. Lortutako emaitzek funtsezko gomendioak ematen dituzte turbina hidrozinetikoen eraginkortasuna eta diseinua hobetzeko, eta energia berriztagarrien esparruan garatzen laguntzen dute.
[en] Through the research work carried out, the strategies for the inclusion of immigrant students in Primary Education are analyzed. In recent decades immigration has been increasing and many of its effects have been transferred to the classroom. Faced with this situation, the school has had to face the new challenges of the inclusive school. The main objective of this work is to know from the perspective of the professionals who work in the educational system the reality that surrounds the inclusion of immigrant students in the classroom, as well as the difficulties they encounter, the barriers to their full inclusion and the proposed integration strategies. For this, three in-depth interviews have been carried out with two teachers and the school's administrative staff, with the aim of obtaining a complete and detailed vision of the perspective they have on the subject, the needs they find with these students and the educational strategies and practices that are being implemented to achieve an effective inclusion of immigrant students. According to the extracted results, it is concluded that the school community lacks knowledge and communication about support plans for immigrant students, which creates a gap between theory and practice. Despite the school's commitment to provide assistance, areas for improvement are identified, such as the need for more staff training, a closer relationship with immigrant communities, etc.

[eu] Egindako ikerketa-lanaren bidez, ikasle etorkinak Lehen Hezkuntzan sartzeko estrategiak aztertzen dira. Azken hamarkadetan inmigrazioak gora egin du eta ondorio asko ikasgeletara eraman dira. Egoera horren aurrean, eskolak aurre egin behar izan die eskola inklusiboaren erronka berriei. Lan honen helburu nagusia da, hezkuntza-sisteman lan egiten duten profesionalen ikuspegitik, ikasle etorkinak ikasgelan sartzearen inguruko errealitatea ezagutzea, baita aurkitzen dituzten zailtasunak, erabat gizarteratzeko oztopoak eta planteatutako integrazio-estrategiak ere. Horretarako, hiru elkarrizketa sakon egin zaizkie bi irakasleri eta eskolako administrariei, ikuspegi osoa eta zehatza lortzeko gaiari buruz duten ikuspegiari buruz, ikasle horiekin dituzten premiei buruz eta ikasle etorkinak benetan gizarteratzea lortzeko ezartzen ari diren hezkuntza-estrategiei eta praktikei buruz. Ateratako emaitzen arabera, ondorioztatzen da eskola-komunitateak ez duela ikasle etorkinei laguntzeko planen gaineko ezagutzarik eta komunikaziorik, eta horrek arrakala sortzen du teoriaren eta praktikaren artean. Eskolak asistentzia emateko konpromisoa hartu arren, hobekuntza-arloak identifikatzen dira, hala nola langileak gehiago gaitzeko beharra, etorkinen komunitateekin harreman estuagoa izatea, eta abar.
[en] Abstract: the main of this project is to provide larger capacity to the sanitary drainage system and, consequently, avoid the legal and environmental issues that are causing the spill of untreated sewage water to the river. In order to retain that water, the calculation of the volume of storage that has to be supplied to Gorordo's stormwater detention tank is tackled. The tank is sized based, on one hand, on the flow of sewage water and rainwater that is collected from the sanitation network, and, on the other hand, on the treatment capacity of the Wastewater Treatment Plant of Mungia. The information has been obtained by the calculation of water supply per habitant for the sewage water flow, by the Rational Method for the rainwater flow and by the SCS Hydrograph for the volume calculation. According to the obtained result, it is concluded the need of setting up a stormwater detention tank with a volume of 8550 , beside of the pumping station of Gorordo. This tank will work as an extension of the current one and it will prevent all discharges into the Butrón river. Therefore, the sanitation improvement of the basin will be achieved.

[eu] Laburpena: proiektu honen helburua Butroiko saneamendu-sarearen ahalmena handitzea da eta honen bidez, tratamendu gabeko hondakin-uren isurketak sortzen dituzten lege eta ingurumen arazoak saihestu. Arestian aipatutako ur horiek atxikitzeko, Gorordoko ekaitz-tankeak izango duen edukiera kalkulatuko da. Deposito-ontzia dimentsionatzeko kontuan hartzen dira, alde batetik, sarean jasotzen den hondakin-ur eta euri-ur emariaren kalkulua eta, bestetik, Mungiako hondakin-ur araztegiaren tratamendu ahalmena. Datu horiek lortu dira biztanle bakoitzeko ur zuzkiduraren kalkuluaren bidez hondakin-ur emarirako, Metodo Arrazionalaren bidez euri-ur emarirako eta SCS Hidrogramaren bidez bolumena kalkulatzeko. Lortutako emaitzaren arabera, 8550 -ko edukiera izango duen ekaitz-tanke baten beharra dagoela ondorioztatzen da, Gorordoko ponpaketa-estazioaren ondoan, gaur egun dagoen deposituaren handipen gisa lan egingo duena eta Butroi ibaira doazen isurketa guztiak saihestuko dituena, arroaren saneamenduaren hobekuntza ekarriz.
[en] This research project has been developed in the Department of Organic Chemistry I at the Faculty of Chemistry in Donostia, under the suspension of Professor Antonia Mielgo Vicente. The proposed research work for this project is related to the area of Organic Chemistry, and more specifically to the field of asymmetric catalysis. This work is a continuation of a project of the research group on α-substituted aldehyde activation on the Michael addition to nitroalkenes via bifunctional Brønsted bases. Specifically, different substrates have been synthesized to extend the reaction to other nitroolefins and other α-substituted arylacetaldehydes. On the one hand, the reaction with β-aliphatic nitroolefins has been shown to work well if the steric hindrance is not too big. On the other hand, it has also been shown that when changing the α-methyl substituent of the aldehydes the reaction works, but with lower reactivity and stereoselectivity.

[eu] Gradu Amaierako Lan hau Donostiako Kimika Fakultateko Kimika Organikoa I Departamentuan garatu da, Antonia Mielgo Vicente irakaslearen zuzendaritzapean. Proiektu honetan planteatutako ikerketa Kimika Organikoaren arloan kokatzen da, zehatzago, katalisi asimetrikoaren barruan. Lan hau Brønsted base bifuntzionalen bidezko α-ordezkatutako aldehidoen aktibazioari buruzko taldearen ikerketa baten jarraipena da, zehazki, nitroalkenotarako Michael adizioan. Proiektu honetan, substratu desberdinak sintetizatu dira, erreakzioa beste α-ordezkatutako arilazetaldehidoetara eta beste nitroalkenoetara hedatzeko asmoz. Alde batetik, nitroalkeno β-alifatikoekin erreakzioa ondo funtzionatzen duela erakutsi da; eragozpen esterikoa handiegia ez bada. Beste aldetik, aldehidoen α-metil ordezkatzailea aldatzerakoan erreakzioa ere funtzionatzen duela erakutsi da, baina erreaktibotasun eta estereoselektibitate txikiagoarekin.
[en] This work addresses the sexual abuse of minors by clergy through history. The author analyzes from ancient Greece and Rome to the present, with special attention to Spain, the existence of this heinous practice to minors. After studying the concept of minority of age through the Spanish law history, the author summarizes the legislative response of the Church universal and particular Church to punish child sexual abuse. Finally, the author focuses on the response that both the universal Catholic Church and the Spanish Church are offering child sexual abuse by clergy.

[eu] Elizgizonek adingabeen aurka historian zehar gauzatutako sexu-abusuak ditu aztergai artikulu honek. Egileak Antzinako Grezia eta Erromatik gaur egun arte aztertzen du adingabeen aurkako praktika gaitzesgarri horren existentzia, eta Espainiari arreta berezia eskaintzen dio. Adingabearen kontzeptua Espainiako Zuzenbide penalaren historian zehar aztertu ondoren, adingabekoen aurkako abusuak zigortzeko Elizaren historiako legedia unibertsala eta berezia jorratzen ditu egileak. Bukatzeko, egileak arreta jartzen du elizgizon espainiarrek egindako abusu sexualen aurrean Eliza katoliko unibertsalak eta Eliza espainiarrak emandako erantzunean.
[en] Abstract: the following technical study has been made for the completion of the Degree in Mechanical Engineering. The work consists of continuing (in the field of mechanics) a project carried out in the School on Engineering on Gipuzkoa, Eibar section. This project consists of the dimensioning of a platform in energy terms, where the equipment to be installed for the generation and storage of hydrogen had been chosen. Basically, the different types of existing platforms have been analysed and the most viable one has been chosen according to the requirements. For the sizing of the structure, the load combination has been applied to study two (2) cases of ultimate limit states and one (1) limit state of service. To carry out the analyses, a Finite Element program called COMSOL Multiphysics has been used.

[eu] Laburpena: Ingeniaritza Mekanikoko gradua lortzeko hurrengo azterketa teknikoa egin da. Lanak (mekanikaren arloan) Eibar egindako proiektu bat jarraitzea izan da. Proiektu hau energiaren terminoetan plataforma bat dimentsionatzea izan da, non hidrogenoa sortzeko eta biltegiratzeko instalatu beharreko ekipamenduak aukeratu diren. Funtsean, lehendik dauden plataformen mota desberdinak aztertu dira eta gehien bideragarria izan da eskakizunen arabera. Egituraren tamaina lortzeko, karga konbinazioa aplikatu da azken muga estatuetako bi (2) kasu aztertzeko eta zerbitzuaren (1) muga egoera bat aztertzeko. Analisiak egiteko, COMSOL Multiphysics izeneco Elemento Finituen programa bat erabili da.
[en] To interpret the sense of the reeducational function of the privative of liberty penalties, such as the article 25.2 of the Spanish Constitution indicates, it must be in touch with the article 27.2 of this fundamental text where the right to education is stated. Starting from this assertion, it is made an exhaustive analysis of the meaning of the article 25.2 CE, explaining the concepts of the personnlity development, the democratic cohabitation or the fundamental rigths and duties, amongst other things, and the specific social content of this precept and the interpretatives positions in the matter are seted out.

[eu] Konstituzio Espainoleko 25.2 artikuluak adierazten duen bezala, askatasunaren aurkako zigorren helburu hezitzailearen zentzua interpretatzeko, hezkuntza eskubidea azaltzen den oinarrizko testuaren 27.2 artikuluarekin konektatu behar da. Hau baieztatu ondoren K.E. 25.2 artikuluaren analisi zehatz bat egiten da, pertsonalitatearen garatze, elkarbizitza demokratiko edo oinarrizko eskubide eta betebeharren kontzeptuetan geldituz, bere edukin soziala eta jarrera interpretatiboekin amaitzeko.
[en] The main objetive of this work is to try to estimate the effect of the COVID on the occupancy rate of the Basque Autonomous Community. In order to estimate the effect of the COVID it has been created a pseudo-panel of data using the microdatas of the INE and later the temporal evolution of the occupancy rated has been modelated using two different models, one with a quadratic trend and the other a lineal one. Both models have been estimated by ordinary least squares (OLS) with the Arellano variances corrections. The lineal model will be beter adjusted to the reality than the cuadratic ones, and the results obtained through GRETL are the following ones: it is estimated that COVID generated a decrease in the occupancy rate of 1.3% in 2019 and of 4.5% in 2020 in the Basque Autonomous Community.

[eu] Lan honen helburu nagusia COVID-19ak EAEko okupazio-tasan eragindako eragina kalkulatzea da. Horretarako INEk eskainitako datuetatik abiatuta datu pseudo-panel bat sortu da. Pandemiaren eragina kalkulatu ahal izaeko okupazio-tasaren denbora-bilakaera modelizatu egin da, hainbat eredu ekonometriko proposatuz, bata joera koadratikoarekin eta bestea joera lineal bat jarraituz. Bi ereduak KTM bidez estimatu dira, Arellanok proposatutako zuzenketak erabiliz bariantzak kalkulatzeko orduan. Eredu lineala errealitatera parabolikoa baino hobeto egokitzen da, eredu parabolikoa COVID-aren eragina gainestimatzen du eta. Eredua GRETL bidez estimatu ondoren, esan dezakegu 2019an okupazio tasak %1,3ko murrizketa jaso zuela pandemia dela eta, eta hurrengo urtean, 2020an, murrizketa hori %4,5koa izan zela.
[en] The technological immaturity shown in additive manufacturing, together with the profit it can offer, has resulted in a great interest from the large manufacturing industries and the more advanced sectors of the market, like the medical or the aeronautic, that demand a faster development of this technology. At the request of IK4-TEKNIKER technological center, this work has been carried out with the main objective of collaborating in this development by creating a tool capable of generating the toolpaths that the machine should follow as it deposits the material. The Matlab programming software has been used to develop a tool aimed at the fabrication of simple pieces through the strategy of 2.5 axes and 5 axes simultaneously. Finally, the functionality of the program had been checked through the use of the toolpaths generated in the LMD additive manufacturing process using steel in different shapes, such as dust and thread.

[eu] Fabrikazio gehigarria aurkezten duen heldugabetasun teknologikoa, eskaintzea hitzematen duen onura teknikoen alboan, interes handia piztu dute manufaktura-industria handien aldetik eta medikuntza eta aeronautika bezalako merkatuko sektore aurreratuenetarikoen artean, teknologia honen garapen azkarra eskatzen dutela. IK4-TEKNIKER zentro teknologikoaren eskariz, lan hau egin da garapen honetan laguntzeko helburu nagusiaz, makinak materiala uzten duen ahala egin behar duen ibilbidea sortzeko gai den erreminta baten sorreraren bitartez. Matlab programazio softwarea erabili da 2,5 ardatzeko eta aldibereko 5 ardatzeko estrategia bitartezko pieza errazeko fabrikaziora zuzenduriko erreminta garatzeko. Azkenik, programen funtzionaltasuna egiaztatu da LMD fabrikazio gehigarriko prozesuan jarraitutako ibilbideen erabileraren bidez, hauts eta hari moduan dagoen altzairuaren erabileren bitartez.
[en] Learning content through a second language is a challenging task for students and teachers. Information and communication technologies such as Augmented Reality (AR) provide means to facilitate learning. The main goal of this work is to assess the effectiveness of AR to teach Social Science in a Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) context in Primary Education. Additionally, students' use of technologies and students' and teachers' opinions about AR as a teaching tool are analysed. The results indicate that AR fostered learning in most of the activities and that both students and teachers supported the use of technology.

[eu] Edukiak bigarren hizkuntza baten bidez ikastea erronka handia da ikasleentzat eta irakasleentzat. Informazioaren eta komunikazioaren teknologiek, hala nola errealitate areagotuak (EA), zeregin hori errazten dute. Lan honen helburu nagusia Lehen Hezkuntzako Atzerriko hizkuntzen eta edukien ikasketa integratuaren (CLIL) testuinguruan EAren eraginkortasuna ebaluatzea da. Horrez gain, ikasleek teknologien inguruan egiten duten erabilera eta ikasleek eta irakasleek EA irakaskuntza-tresna gisa erabiltzeari buruz dituzten iritziak aztertu dira. Emaitzek adierazten dute ikasleek hobekuntza nabarmena egin dutela jarduera gehienetan, eta bi taldeak ikasgelan teknologia erabiltzearen alde agertu dira.
[en] Alternatives to the heterosexual behaviour between adults are being tackled in this work. lt represents an attempt of classifying and describing every one of them, as well as the psychological factors involved on their development. Finally, transexualism is analysed from the view of sexual identity disorders.

[eu] Lan honetan helduen arteko heterosexual portaeraren aukerak azaldu egiten dira. Aukera bakoitza eta bere bilakaeran tartekatuta dauden faktore psikologikoak sailkatu eta deskribatzen saiatzen da. Azkenik. sexual nortasunaren trastornoaren ikuspegitik, transexualismoa aztertzen da.
[en] A look over the activity developed by Julio Caro Baroja during the last years of his life is made. In this way, the last texts he wrote, the lectures he gave, his presence in media, his works in general are pointed out. All this reflects his values, virtues and his love to life, with his usual naturalness, simplicity and humanism.

[eu] Julio Caro Barojak bere bizitzaren azken urteotan burututako iharduerei errepasoa egiten da. Berak idatzitako azken liburuak, emandako konferentziak, bere presentzia komunikabideetan, bere idatziak eta orokorrean bere obra azaltzen dira, guzti honek Caroren balioak, bertuteak eta bizitzari maitasuna adieraziz, bere ohizo berezkotasun, xalotason eta onberatasunez.
[en] This essay is going to analyse the psychosocial situation of 201 immigrant women who come from different countries and actually live in the Basque Country. It will expose their well-being and mental health, describing the relations among the variables that are relevant from a gender point of view. Among the interviewed women, 77,1% are Latin American,12,4% from Maghreb and 10,4% from East Europe. The balance of the migratory process and the adaptation process is positive and even if these women healthy the migration experience generates consequences in their mental health: 42% have symptoms of depression, 45% somatic ones and 57% suffers from anxiety. Migration sorrow, the family is still in the original country, the loneliness, the characteristics of the family structure, social relationships, the employment and the vulnerability related to being irregular are among others the main reasons that explain the well-being and the mental health of these immigrant women.

[eu] Azterlan honetan Euskal Herrian bizi diren jatorri desberdineko 201 emakume etorkinen egoera psikosoziala aztertuko da. Beren ongizate-maila eta osasun mentala azalduko dira, genero ikuspuntutik eragiten duten aldagaien arteko harremanak deskribatuz. Elkarrizketatutako emakumeen artean, % 77,1 Latinoamerikakoa da, % 12,4 Magrebekoa eta % 10,4 Ekialdeko Europakoa. Migrazio-prozesuaz eta hona egokitzeko prozesuaz egiten duten balantzea positiboa da eta osasun oneko emakumeak izan ohi diren arren, emigratzeak suposatzen duen aldaketaren gogortasunak emakume etorkinen osasun mentalean eragina du: % 42k sintoma depresiboak ditu, % 45ek somatikoak eta % 57k antsietate-sintomak. Migratze-dolua, jatorrizko herrialdean geratu den familia eta bakardadea, familia egituraren ezaugarriak, gizarte-harremanak, lana eta irregulartasun-egoerarekin lotutako urrakortasuna dira, beste batzuen artean, emakume etorkinen ongizatea eta osasun mentala esplikatzen dituzten arrazoiak.