[en] The present Doctoral Thesis aims to investigate the origin and genesis of a particular architecture which, though considered "foreign", it identifies feels to be its own; this style is recognized as "Indiana" architecture. These constructions have determined, articulated, formed, and characterized a more than significant number of municipalities, villas and cities in our Galician environment. They have been reviled and aexalted, lived in and vacated; they have been, and some of them still are, without no room for doubt, an important part from our cultural heritage. The primary objective of this research is to surpass the topic of "exoticism" which is popularly attributed to the originand genesisof "Indiana" architecture. Upon reviewing the literature on the subject, two hypotheses have been considered in terms of the raison d'etre of the architectural forms. The first refers to its foreign origin; that is to say, this hypothesis establishes that this type of architecture is based on architectural patterns native to the places and countries where emigrants lived. The second hypothesis, accepted by the great majority of researchers, links its genesis to the architecture albums and catalogs that invaded the change-of-the-century social landscape, known as Pattern Books, which spread from the main centers of creation throughout all of Europe, and then to America. This second hypothesis will form the line of research of the present work. Two groups will be taken as samples; on the one hand -Sample 1- pattern books of architecture edited and published during the last decades of the 19th and first decades of the 20th centuries, and, on the other hand -Sample 2- a set of villas typical of this Indian architecture located in A Guarda (Pontevedra). Having analyzed both Samples 1 and 2, the research will try to establish the supposed genetic links that the great majority of researchers have determined to be the'Indian architectural genesis'. The Thesis will be structured in three fundamental parts: Part I. 'The Origin'; Part II. 'Samples', and Part III. 'Results and Conclusions', each composed of various chapters. The first tries to circumscribe the investigation, that is to say, having determined the motives and reasons for the topic of study, the objectives and the methodology are going to be established and the sources of analysis will be shown. The chapter "State of the art" will carry outa brief bibliographical review of what has been studied on the topic up to today, dealing with the Indian personage as well as the typical architecture of his or her culture. The models and determining factors that could have determined or influenced its characterization or formulation will also be examined. This implies surveying the Galicia of the turn-of-the-century in its social, cultural and architectural context. The evolution of the "type" will be studied, from the free English architecture "cottage", to the Villa as typology (concept and historiography). Attention will also be paid to the architectural interpretation of the picturesque and to the syncretism of the eclectic, as well as to the 'autochthonous' and to the 'foreign'. In the second part of the thesis, the selected samples will be analyzed: the pattern books as documentary samples, and the architecture of the Villas[5] as architectural samples. The first chapter of Part II tries to analyze the reason, space and time of this literary and graphical phenomenon, unprecedented up to today, of the catalogues of architecture -pattern books- that spread throughout all of Europe between the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries. The analysis of these primary documentary sources comprises three different stages: one of selection, another of interpretation, and the last of systematizing. The set of selected documents, according to suitability criteria, includes more than 150 works compiled from diverse national and international libraries. The second chapter of Part II will center on the analysis of the architectural element (Sample 2) in three Indian villas selected for the study: 'Villa María', 'Manuel Alonso's House', and the 'The House of the Towers'[6], all of which are found in the locality of A Guarda (Pontevedra). After the historical and architectural analysis of the buildings, a series of syntactic criteria will try to be established, as well as guidelines for formal and composition order, which will be used in later comparative analysis between Samples 1 and 2. In Part III of the thesis the comparative analysis between the syntactic criteria and formal indicators established in Part II will be realized, and the results and conclusions will be exposed.

[gl] A presente Tese Doutoral pretende indagar no na orixe e xénese dunha particular arquitectura que, considerada "foránea", identifica, e séntese propia, a recoñecida como "Arquitectura Indiana". Construcións que determinaron, articularon, configuraron e caracterizaron un número máis que significativo de municipios, vilas e cidades do noso entorno galego. Foron deostadas e enxalzadas, vividas e desaloxadas, foron e algunhas aínda son, sen lugar a dúbida, parte importante do noso patrimonio cultural. Exceder o tópico do "exotismo" que popularmente se atribúe á súa orixe, á súa xénese, configúrase o obxectivo principal desta investigación. Revisada a bibliografía sobre o tema son duas as hipóteses que en canto á razón de ser das súas formas barállanse, por unha banda, o minoritaria pero estendida teoría da súa foraneidad, é dicir, que atende a patróns arquitectónicos propios dos lugares e países de acollida dos seus emigrantes promotores; e a segunda das hipóteses, aceptada pola gran maioría de investigadores, que vincula a súa xénese aos álbums e catálogos de arquitectura que invaden o panorama social do cambio de século, os coñecidos Pattern Books ou libros de patróns, que se difunden desde os principais centros de creación a toda Europa, e posteriormente a América. Esta segunda hipótese configurará a liña de investigación do presente traballo. Tomaranse dous grupos de mostra, por unha banda -Mostra 1- os álbums de arquitectura editados e publicados durante as últimas décadas do XIX e primeiras do XX; e polo outro -Mostra 2- un conxunto de Vilas características desta arquitectura, a indiana, localizadas na localidade da Guarda, Pontevedra. Analizadas ambas as mostras -1 e 2- tentaranse establecer estes supostos vínculos xenéticos que a gran maioría dos investigadores ditaminan como "xénese arquitectónica indiana". A Tese estruturarase en tres partes fundamentais: Parte I. "A Orixe"; Parte II. "Mostras" e Parte III. "Análise e Conclusións", compostas todas de diversos capítulos. A primeira pretende circunscribir a investigación, é dicir, determinados os motivos e as razóns do tema de estudo, fixaranse os obxectivos, determinarase a metodoloxía, e expoñeranse as fontes de análise. Atendendo ao "Estado da arte" levarase a cabo unha breve revisión bibliográfica do ata hoxe estudado, tanto do personaxe indiano como da súa arquitectura, tamén se examinarán os referentes e os condicionantes que puideron determinar ou influír na súa caracterización ou formulación, para o que nos teremos que aproximar á Galicia do cambio de século, ao seu contexto social, cultural e arquitectónico. Indagarase na evolución do "tipo", desde a arquitectura libre inglesa -cottage-, ata a Vila como tipoloxía (concepto e historiografía), prestaremos tamén atención á interpretación arquitectónica do pintoresco e ao sincretismo do ecléctico, así como ao "autóctono" e ao "foráneo". A segunda parte pretende a análise das mostras seleccionadas, é dicir, dos álbums como mostras documentais, e da arquitectura das Vilas[3] como mostras -elementos- arquitectónicas. O primeiro capítulo deste segundo bloque pretende analizar a razón, o espazo, e o tempo deste fenómeno literario e gráfico sen precedentes ata hoxe, o dos catálogos de arquitectura que se difunden por toda Europa entre finais do XIX e principios do XX. A análise destas fontes documentais primarias contempla tres tarefas diferentes, unha de selección, outra de interpretación e unha última de sistematización dun conxunto de documentos preseleccionados segundo criterios de idoneidade, dun conxunto de máis de 150 obras recompiladas de diversas bibliotecas nacionais e internacionais. O segundo capítulo desta Parte II centrarase na análise do elemento arquitectónico -Mostra 1-, na arquitectura das tres Vilas indianas seleccionadas para o estudo, Vila María, a Casa de Manuel Alonso, e a Casa das Torres[4], todas localizadas na localidade da Guarda, Pontevedra. Tras a análise histórica e arquitectónica das edificacións, tentaranse establecer unha serie de criterios sintácticos, así como indicadores de orde formal e compositivo comúns, que poder trasladar á análise comparativa entre as Mostras, 1 e 2. Na Parte III da Tese realizarase a análise comparativa entre os criterios sintácticos e indicadores formais establecidos na Parte II e expoñeranse os resultados e as conclusións.