[en] In recent years, lifestyles and specifically the practice of physical activity have been the subject of study from different areas, such as health, education, social and a wide range of disciplines. Thanks to them, we now know that a high percentage of young people in the world, do not comply with the recommendations and how this situation is aggravated in girls. The "Xunta de Galicia" seeks to modify this reality by acting in the school. Its proposal "Sports Projects of Centre" is framed on an ecological model trying to reach a physically educated youth, with a family, group of equals and environment involved in the process and seeking a greater impact of what is reserved exclusively to the curricula. Our research focuses on knowing the influence of this proposal for the school community and its sports environment. That is why we have divided it into two differentiated and complementary parts: a descriptive study of development, referring to the entire school population with Sports Projects of Centre, composed of a total of 2,382 subjects; and a case study related to school children from a referral centre among those studied with a total of 96 subjects and their social agents that are related to the developed project with a total of 25 subjects surveyed and interviewed. With them, we performed a quantitative analysis of the evolution of students, after the application over two to three academic years of Sports Projects of Centre in the practice of physical activity and various factors associated with it; and a qualitative analysis on the opinions and perceptions of the project participants about how the measures were applied and whether they took any particular action in favour of diminishing the differences regarding gender and the visibility of these in the centre's organizational documents. With this we can highlight among the results how Sports Projects of Center managed to slow the decline in the practice of physical activity in 11 of the 16 centers studied, as well as that the lectures and training measures achieved significantly improved the students' conception of their own practice, increasing their desire to be more active. In addition, the age usually identified as a correlate of the practice did not influence the students and physical activity was maintained in all the sample groups. However, the prevalence of competitive activities among the adopted strategies was also found, something that could cause the measures not to reach some of the students, identified mainly in the girls. These differences between genders were marked in the self-concept, in the satisfactions towards the ego or in the taste towards the regular practice of physical activity, but in the case study thanks to the use of inclusive methodologies such as the organization of competitions by themselves according to their preferences and where female participation prevailed, it achieved a complicated objective: that the boys could increase their taste towards the place where they spend the greatest number of hours and that the girls increased significantly in the practice of physical activity during breaks, as well as a slight increase in his taste towards school Physical Education. Once the state of the situation had been defined, we were given the opportunity to disseminate the guidelines for modifying and adapting social action programs in relation to physical inactivity and health promotion and to be able to respond to the needs of society current in the best possible way. As contributions to the Sports Projects of Center, therefore, a series of recommendations are included among them which are spelled out: the continuous and obligatory application of this type of strategies throughout schooling, where the way to achieve it is still considered as an end; and the new configuration as a fundamental aspects of the Sports Projects of Center, teacher training and the organization of support systems that help teachers and schools to develop their strengths and face their weaknesses.

[gl] Nos últimos anos, os estilos de vida e concretamente a práctica de actividade física foron obxecto de estudo desde diferentes ámbitos, como son o da saúde, o da educación, o social e un amplo abanico de disciplinas. Grazas a eles, sabemos que unha porcentaxe elevada de mozos no mundo, non cumpren as recomendacións e como esta situación vese agravada nas mozas. A Xunta de Galicia persegue modificar esta realidade actuando na escola. A súa proposta "os Proxectos Deportivos de Centro" está enmarcada no modelo ecolóxico tratando de acadar unha mocidade educada fisicamente, cunha familia, grupo de iguais e contorna implicados no proceso e buscando un maior impacto do que se reserva de forma exclusiva ao curriculum. A nosa investigación céntrase en coñecer a influencia que presenta esta proposta para a comunidade escolar e na súa contorna deportiva. É por iso, que a dividimos en dúas partes diferenciadas e complementarias: un estudo descritivo de desenvolvemento, referente a toda a poboación escolar con Proxectos Deportivos de Centro, composta por un total de 2.382 suxeitos; e un estudo de caso relativo aos escolares dun centro referente de entre os estudados cun total de 96 suxeitos e aos seus axentes sociais que gardan relación co proxecto desenvolvido cun total de 25 suxeitos enquisados e entrevistados. Neles, realizamos unha análise cuantitativa da evolución dos alumnos e alumnas, tras a aplicación durante dous e tres cursos académicos dos Proxectos Deportivos de Centro na práctica de actividade física e en varios factores asociados a esta; e unha análise cualitativa sobre as opinións e percepcións nos participantes do proxecto sobre como se aplicaron as medidas e se tomaron algunha en especial en favor de diminuír as diferenzas respecto ao xénero e a visibilidade destas nos documentos organizativos de centro. Con iso, podemos destacar de entre os resultados como os Proxectos Deportivos de Centro conseguiron frear o descenso na práctia de actividade física en 11 dos 16 centros estudados, así como que as charlas e medidas formativas realizadas lograron mellorar significativamente a concepción do alumnado sobre a súa propia práctica, aumentando o seu desexo por ser máis activos. Ademais, a idade identificada habitualmente como correlato da práctica, non influíu ao alumnado e mantívose a actividade física en todos os grupos muestrais. Con todo, tamén se constatou a prevalencia de actividades competitivas entre as estratexias adoptadas, algo que puido causar que as medidas non lograsen calar nunha parte do alumnado, identificado principalmente nas mozas. Estas diferenzas entre xéneros marcáronse no autoconcepto, nas satisfaccións cara ao ego ou no gusto cara á práctica regular de actividade física, pero no IES Mugardos grazas á utilización de metodoloxías inclusivas como a organización das competicións polo propio alumnado segundo as súas preferencias e onde se primou a participación feminina, conseguiu un obxectivo complicado: que os mozos lograsen aumentar o seu gusto cara ao lugar onde pasan o maior número de horas e que as mozas aumentasen significativamente a práctica de actividade física nos recreos, así como un lixeiro aumento no seu gusto cara á EF escolar. Unha vez definido o estado da situación, bríndasenos a oportunidade de divulgar as pautas para modificar e adaptar programas de actuación social en relación á inactividade física e a promoción da saúde e poder desta forma responder ás necesidades da sociedade actual da mellor maneira posible. Como achegas ao PDC por tanto, recóllense unha serie de recomendacións entre as que se dentacan: a aplicación de forma continuada e obrigatoria deste tipo de estratexias durante toda a escolarización, onde o camiño para conseguilo siga sendo considerado como fin; e a nova configuración como aspectos fundamentais do PDC a formación do profesorado e a organización de sistemas de apoio que axuden ao profesorado e escolas a desenvolver as fortalezas e afrontar as debilidades.