[en] Nowadays the majority of scientific areas are involved in the nanoscience revolution. Nanoparticles attract special interest of many researchers from the point of view both fundamental science and technological applications. They offer the ability to create sensors that are capable of detecting one virus or such a small concentration of pathogenic substance, that can not be detected by conventional methods. At present, exist 82 cancer treatments based on the use of nanoparticles. Composite materials with nanoparticles are employed as electromagnetic radiation absorbers for protection in the microwave frequencies radiation range. In envarienmental science, metal nanoparticles are used as antipollution material. In this work we have studied the structure and the magnetic properties of FeNi nanoparticles prepared by the method of the electric explosion of wire (EEW). The studies using the technique of X-Ray diffraction (XDR) lead us to conclusion that the nanoparticles are crystallized in a cubic system FCC with 3,596 Å cell parameter. We had also achieved the coherent domain size as high as 35 nm. The samples were subjected to a controlled temperature program to analyze the development of the crystal structure and the crystal size, both in oxygen atmosphere and in vacuum. For learning more about electronic microscopy techniques, useful for present research project, I have attended the course "Fundamentals of scanning electronic microscopy and microanalysis" taught by SGIker at the UPV/EHU. Both SEM and TEM electron microscopes were used in order to obtain the high resolution images of the samples and to analyze their elemental composition. We calculated the mean particle size of the sample (58 nm) using the images taken by SEM. The size of the particles and/or aggregates was measured by Mastersizer 2000 using a laser diffraction method. Breaking the aggregates as much possible we were able to achieve the average size value approaching the size of a single particle (100 nm). Finally, for the magnetic characterization vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) was employed for the measurement of the magnetic moment of the sample, achieving the saturation magnetization of 125 emu/g for FeNi EEW nanoparticles. We have fabricated and characterized the magnetic nanoparticles of iron-nickel showing interesting structural and magnetic properties. The abstract based on the results obtained in present research project was sent to a specialized congress on the materials science (ISMANAM - 2013, Italy).

[eu] Gaur egun, zientzia jakintza orok antzeman du nanozientiaren iraultza. Nanopartikulek ikertzaile askoren arreta erakartzen dute; izan ere, ikerkuntzaren ikuspuntutik funtsezkoak dira, eta aplikazio teknologikoetan ere eragina dute. Nanopartikulek, gainera, metodo konbentzional bidez antzeman ezin daitezkeen substantzia patogenoen kontzentrazioak eta birusak hautemateko sentsoreen fabrikazioa errazten dute. Egun, nanopartikulen erabileran oinarritutako 82 kantzer tratamendu existitzen dira; horrez gain, nanopartikulez osatutako materialak mikrouhinen irradiazioaren aurka babesteko erabiltzen dira. Ingurumen zientzien arloan, nanopartikula metalikoak material antikutsagarri bezala erabiltzen dira. Lan honen bitartez hariaren eztanda elektriko teknikai esker gertaturiko FeNi nopartikulen egitura eta ezaugarri magnetikoak aztertu nahi izan dira. X-Izpien (DRX) metodoaren bitartez, nanopartikulak 3.596 Å-eko zelda parametrodun FCC sistema kubikoan kristalizatzen direla zehaztu da. Horretaz gain, domeinu koherente neurria era determinatu da: 35 nm. Lagina, kontrolatutako temperatura programa baten menpe jarri da, eta horri esker, egitura kristalinoa eta kristalaren tamainaren eboluzioa jarraitu ahal izan dira, bai atmosfera oxidatzailean, eta baita espazio hutsean ere. Lana garatzeko orduan erabili diren mikroskopikoen erabilera ikasteko UPV/EHU-ko SGIker erakundeak antolatutako "Ekorketako mikroskopia elektrikoaren oinarriak eta mikroanalisia" kurtsoan parte hartu dut. SEM eta TEM mikroskopio elektronikoak erabili dira bereizmen eta kalitate handiko irudiak lortzeko eta berauen eduki elementala analizatzeko. Oinarri gisa SEM bidez lortutako irudi horiek izanik, partikulen batez besteko tamaina 58 nm-koa dela ondorioztatu da. Mastersizer 2000 gailuarekin, laser difrakzio metodoaren bidez, partikulen eta/edo agregatuen tamaina neurtu da; horretarako, lagina behar beste barreiatzen saiatu da, partikula soil baten tamainako batez besteko tamaina bat lortu arte, 100 nm. Azkenik, karakterizazio magnetikorako VSM sistema erabili da; honek esparru magnetiko estatiko baten presentzian dar-dar egiten duen lagin baten momentu magnetikoa neurtzen du. Horren bitartez, 125 emu/g-ko iman-saturazioa lortu da. Burdin-nikelen nanopartikulak eratu eta karakterizatu dira, eta ateratako ondorioak materialzientzian espezializatutako kongresu batera bidali dira (ISMANAM - 2013, Italia).