BSC-LT/ACAData huggingface dataset:
[en] This doctoral thesis aims to study the participation of indigenous peoples of Mexico and Guatemala in two development cooperation projects funded by the European Commission and implemented in those countries.

[es] La presente tesis doctoral tiene como objetivo estudiar la participaci?n de los pueblos ind?genas de M?xico y Guatemala en dos proyectos de cooperaci?n al desarrollo financiados por la Comisi?n Europea e implementados en dichos pa?ses.
[en] Unfinished original papers of the work "L'Evolution Humaine Apercue Generale" of Jos? Antonio Valverde, introduction and general considerations, that the author publish in a conference, given at the Mus?e de l'Homme de Par?s, and represented by the Soci?t? d?Anthropologie of Paris, the 21st of March of 1963.

[es] Original inacabado del trabajo "L'Evolution Humaine Apercue Generale" de Jos? Antonio Valverde, introducci?n y consideraciones generales, que hizo p?blico en una conferencia impartida en el Mus?e de l'Homme de Par?s, y patrocinada por la Soci?t? d?Anthropologie de Paris, el 21 de marzo de 1963.
[en] Native Canadian fiction for children and young adults can be viewed as an important means of cultural transmission and socialisation that contributes, to a great extent, to a community?s collective identity. Here begins the first problem posed to us: trying to define the concept of culture and to examine in what way(s) oral heritage forms a part of it. Then, some other questions arise because in Canada, the haven of multiple cultures and ethnicities, debates about national identity re-surface repeatedly and continue to haunt the collective imagiNation of the country. Finding out the place of Native peoples and their literatures is even a greater difficulty, due to the legacy of colonialism. Despite the difficulties, new voices are currently being authorised as Canadian, and difference has now turned into the distinctive feature of the national literature. Jeannette Armstrong, an Okanagan writer, artist and educator, is well aware of the strength that stems from this variety of cultures and, in her works, she advocates for a plurality of voices within and outside of her community. Using Armstrong?s fiction for children and young adults, and looking briefly at some other works by Tomson Highway, George Littlechild, Thomas King and C. J. Taylor, this dissertation examines how literature can be read as a site of resistance and/or of cross-cultural exchange connecting diverse people of different nationalities, generations, languages, religions, genders and social conditions.

[es] La ficci?n nativa canadiense para ni?os y adultos j?venes puede ser vista como un importante medio de transmisi?n cultural y de socializaci?n que contribuye, en gran medida, a una identidad colectiva de la comunidad. Aqu? comienza el primer problema: tratar de definir el concepto de cultura y de examinar de qu? manera o maneras el patrimonio oral forma parte de la misma. A continuaci?n, surgen otras preguntas ya que en Canad?, refugio de m?ltiples culturas y etnias, los debates sobre la identidad nacional resurgen repetidamente y contin?an frecuentando el imaginario colectivo del pa?s. Conocer el lugar de los pueblos ind?genas y su literatura presenta una mayor dificultad debido al legado del colonialismo. A pesar de las dificultades, nuevas voces est?n siendo presentadas como canadienses, y la diferencia se ha convertido en el rasgo distintivo de la literatura nacional. Jeannette Armstrong, una escritora de Okanagan, artista y educadora, es muy consciente de la fuerza que se deriva de esta variedad de culturas y, en sus obras, aboga por una pluralidad de voces dentro y fuera de su comunidad. Uso de Armstrong ficci?nes para ni?os y adultos j?venes, y examino brevemente algunas obras de Tomson Highway, George Littlechild, Thomas King y C.J. Taylor, esta tesis doctoral examina c?mo la literatura puede ser interpretada como un lugar de resistencia y/o de intercambio cultural para conectar diversas personas de distintas nacionalidades, generaciones, lenguas, religiones, sexos y condiciones sociales.
[en] This study analyses the conflicts between lay aristocrats and those agents who acted in their name, received their fees, and preserved and ran their properties. Scams, negligence, and damages caused by these seigneurial agents became a recurring problem that spread throughout several spaces and concerned several lay aristocrats, which points out a deep tension in this relationship. This paper suggests that these conflicts were the result of the fact that both seigneurial judicial and political power and control over aristocratic lands and properties were exercised in the local and supra-local spaces by persons related to those spaces. These individuals owned lands and their sustenance and income did not depend entirely on their activities as agents, and neither did their interests match completely with aristocratic ones./n?

[es] Este trabajo analiza los distintos conflictos que enfrentaron a los magnates laicos del espacio leon?s con los agentes se?oriales que actuaban en su nombre, percib?an sus rentas y derechos, y conservaban, proteg?an y administraban sus bienes. Los fraudes, descuidos y da?os ocasionados por estos agentes se presentan como un problema recurrente que trasciende espacios y se?ores en particular para evidenciar una tensi?n latente. Se sostiene que estos conflictos ser?an el resultado de la compleja articulaci?n entre las formas de gesti?n del patrimonio aristocr?tico y del ejercicio del poder se?orial, que se apoyaban en individuos vinculados a los entornos locales y supralocales, y el car?cter de estos ?ltimos, propietarios de tierras cuya reproducci?n no depend?a ?nicamente del se?or?o y cuyos intereses no se subsum?an de forma directa a los de los se?ores./n?
[en] Historians have frequently considered Early Modern English demonological discourse as a moderate variant of the continental one. The almost complete absence of full blown witch-hunts in England was associated both with the allegedly incomplete adoption of the cumulative concept of witchcraft, and with a preference for patristic demonological tradition rather than for its thomistic revision. Focusing in The Mystery of Witch-craft (1617), written by the protestant pastor Thomas Cooper, this article will aim to demonstrate that the author understood the relationship between God, the Devil and witches, as well as their roles and powers in the material world, in a similar way to Alsatian inquisitor Heinrich Kramer?s Malleus Maleficarum (1486), one of the most famous and influential demonological treatises published during the period of witch trials.

[es] El discurso demonol?gico ingl?s de la modernidad temprana frecuentemente ha sido considerado por los historiadores como una variante moderada de aquel producido en los territorios de Europa continental. La ausencia pr?cticamente absoluta de persecuciones de tipo parox?stico en Inglaterra fue asociada con la supuesta incompleta adopci?n del concepto acumulativo de brujer?a y con un mayor peso de la tradici?n demonol?gica patr?stica respecto de la escol?stica. Tomando como referencia The Mystery of Witch-craft (1617) del pastor protestante Thomas Cooper, el presente art?culo intentar? demostrar que el modo en que el autor entiende la relaci?n entre Dios, el demonio y las brujas, as? como sus roles y poderes en el mundo material, presenta continuidades te?ricas considerables con aquellas propuestas en el Malleus Maleficarum (1486) por el inquisidor alsaciano Heinrich Kr?mer, uno de los tratados demonol?gicos m?s c?lebres e influyentes entre aquellos escritos durante la era de la caza de brujas.
[en] The literary figure of Jos? Luis Hidalgo (Torres, 1919-Madrid, 1947), both a poet and a painter, achieves renown once more as a representative of a generation of writers from Cantabria (in the north of Spain) which came to light around the 1940's. His work, as brief as his short but intense life, is remarkable for the great feeling of his poetry in the use of imagery and metaphors, which draw his verse near the domain of the vivid and sensorial. His concerns have deep existentialist roots; as a young man the poet was a devoted reader of great thinkers such as Nietzsche, Schopenhauer or Unamuno; it is the latter with whom he has an undeniable affinity of ideas. Jos? Luis Hidalgo's search for the truth draws on trascendent metaphysics and has a profound religious significance, in a sincere and straightforward dialogue with God. The formal simplicity of his poetry contrasts with the complex symbolic system of natural elements and spaces... where he fluctuates between tradition and avant-garde. We find echoes that take us from Becquerian Romanticism through Symbolism to avant-garde movements ?mainly Surrealism? and The Poets of 1927. His work, Los muertos (The Death), highlights the peak of the long post-war period.

[es] La figura de Jos? Luis Hidalgo (Torres, 1919-Madrid, 1947), poeta y pintor, ha de tomar un nuevo relieve como representante de una generaci?n de autores monta?eses que surgi? en torno a los a?os cuarenta. Destaca en su breve obra, al igual que su corta pero intensa vida, la extrema sensibilidad de su poes?a en el uso de im?genes, met?foras que acercan sus versos hacia el terreno de lo pl?stico y sensorial. Las preocupaciones son de profunda raigambre existencialista, al ser nuestro poeta un joven lector de pensadores como Nietzsche, Schopenhauer o Unamuno; es con este ?ltimo con el que guarda una ineludible afinidad de ideas. La b?squeda que emprende Jos? Luis Hidalgo hacia la verdad se sit?a dentro de una metaf?sica trascendente y una vertiente religiosa muy significativa, en un di?logo sincero y directo con Dios. Contrasta la sencillez formal de su poes?a con el complejo sistema simb?lico de elementos naturales, espacios... en los que se mueve dentro del marco fluctuante entre la tradici?n y la vanguardia; encontramos resonancias que nos llevan desde el romanticismo becqueriano, pasando por el simbolismo, hasta los movimientos vanguardistas ?sobre todo el surrealismo? y el grupo po?tico del 27. La obra de Los muertos supone un momento culmen del dilatado periodo de posguerra.
[en] The development and spread of renewable energy is increasing. However, the reality is that, we are still quite far from a not dependent on fossil fuelsenergy system. How are we able to achieve a 100% renewable energy system? And what will be its social, political economic, cultural and ecological consequences? These are some of the main questions of the books: ?The third Industrial Revolution:How the lateral power is transforming energy, the economy and the world? by Jeremy Rifkin (United States, 1943) and ?Energy imperative, 100% Renewable Now? by Hermann Scheer (Germany, 1944-2010). This article makes a reviewof both books where the authors show their vision of what should be the new renewable energy system in the future, and how to get there. Although they have a commonpoint of view, the urgent need to change the energy system, the reading of these works allows us to appreciate some different nuances.

[es] El desarrollo y expansi?n de las energ?as renovables es cada vez mayor. Sin embargo, es una realidad que, todav?a, se est? bastante lejos de un sistema energ?tico no dependiente de los combustibles f?siles. ?C?mo podr?a realizarse la transici?n hacia un sistema energ?tico basado exclusivamente en energ?as renovables? y ?qu? consecuencias pol?ticas, econ?micas, sociales y culturales se derivar?an del mismo?, son algunas de las cuestiones principales sobre las que tratan los libros publicados por Jeremy Rifkin (Estados Unidos, 1943) La Tercera Revoluci?n Industrial. C?mo el poder lateral est? transformando la energ?a, la econom?a y el mundo y por Hermann Scheer (Alemania, 1944-2010) El imperativo energ?tico, 100% ya: c?mo hacer realidad el cambio integral hacia las energ?as renovables. Este art?culo efect?a una panor?mica por ambos libros donde los autores, muestran su visi?n de c?mo deber?a ser el nuevo sistema energ?tico renovable en el futuro y c?mo llegar a ?l lo antes posible. Aunque parten de una opini?n com?n, la necesidad urgente de un cambio de sistema energ?tico, la lectura de ambas obras permite apreciar algunos matices diferenciales.
[en] The aim of this communication is to see to what extent the combined use of two of the most important conceptual models is possible - the metadata and the FRBR - arisen in the decade of the ninety and created to cover the existent regulation hole, for the description of the new resources that were appearing, especially all the related with the electronic environment. To carry out such a task, it has been chosen as example the ECHO Metadata Model. This framework, like it can be derived of their own title, is a metadata model dedicated to the description of the audiovisual resources, but it foresaw to the definition of the metadata fields, it chooses like base the report of the IFLA and it adapts it to the peculiarities of the described material. To fulfill our objective, in the first place we will begin explaining the methodology continued by the ECHO model. Later on we will pass to see as this it is based on the FRBR, beginning in defining the proposal of the IFLA in the first place to later on to pass to analyze the adaptation from this framework to the audiovisual resources. Finally we will point out the main conclusions to those that we have arrived after our analyses, among those that we can highlight that it is not only possible the coexistence of both frameworks but rather it is very necessary the cooperation at several levels to avoid the proliferation of standards with a common objective: the description of resources.

[es] El objetivo de la presente comunicaci?n es ver hasta qu? punto es posible la utilizaci?n conjunta de dos de los modelos conceptuales m?s importantes ? los metadatos y el FRBR ? surgidos en la d?cada de los noventa y creados para cubrir el vac?o normativo existente, para la descripci?n de los nuevos recursos que estaban apareciendo, especialmente todos los relacionados con el entorno electr?nico. Para llevar a cabo tal tarea, se ha elegido como ejemplo el Modelo de Metadatos Echo. Este esquema, como se puede derivar de su propio t?tulo, es un modelo de metadatos destinado a la descripci?n de los recursos audiovisuales, pero previo a la definici?n de los campos de metadatos, elige como base el informe de la IFLA y lo adapta a las peculiaridades del material descrito. Para cumplir con nuestro objetivo, en primer lugar comenzaremos explicando la metodolog?a seguida por el modelo ECHO. Posteriormente pasaremos a ver con ?ste se basa en el FRBR, comenzando en definir en primer lugar la propuesta de la IFLA para posteriormente pasar a analizar la adaptaci?n de este esquema a los recursos audiovisuales. Finalmente se?alaremos las principales conclusiones a las que hemos llegado despu?s de nuestro an?lisis, entre las que podemos destacar, que no s?lo es posible la convivencia de ambos esquemas sino que es muy necesaria la cooperaci?n a varios niveles para evitar la proliferaci?n de normas con un objetivo com?n: la descripci?n de recursos.
[en] Introduction and objective: At least 36% of deep cervical infections may have a dental origin. Case description: A 44-year-old woman who consulted for dysphonia of a week of evolution. Rhinofibrolaryngoscopy revealed left arytenoid edema and paralysis of the left hemilarynx and normal neck. A computerized axial tomography was performed, finding left parapharyngeal abscess. Systemic and surgical antibiotic treatment was performed with cervicotomy and drainage of the abscess in whose culture Prevotella buccae was isolated. Comments: The result of the culture helped establish the dental origin of the infection. In the dental history, a history of pericoronitis associated with 3.8 was found. Conclusions: The diagnosis of the dental origin of a deep cervical infection is established by dental history, oral examination, oral radiology and microbiological culture./n?

[es] Introducci?n y objetivo: Al menos el 36% de las infecciones cervicales profundas pueden tener un origen dental. Descripci?n del caso: Mujer de 44 a?os que consult? por disfon?a de una semana de evoluci?n. La rinofibrolaringoscopia revel? edema aritenoideo izquierdo y par?lisis de la hemilaringe izquierda y cuello normal. Se realiz? una tomograf?a axial computarizada, encontrando absceso parafar?ngeo izquierdo. Se realiz? tratamiento antibi?tico sist?mico y quir?rgico con cervicotom?a y drenaje del absceso en cuyo cultivo se aisl? Prevotella buccae. Comentarios: El resultado del cultivo ayud? a establecer el origen dental de la infecci?n. En la historia dental, se encontr? una historia de pericoronitis asociada con 3.8. Conclusiones: el diagn?stico del origen dental de una infecci?n cervical profunda se establece mediante la historia dental, el examen oral, la radiolog?a oral y el cultivo microbiol?gico./n?
[en] This article addresses the issue of shipping trade between the American ports of the Philadelphia district and those of New England with Spain, during the turbulent years of the late eighteenth century. First, the US consular network in Spain is analyzed, which seems to depend on the perception that merchants and captains had about its usefulness. Subsequently, the analysis of the movement of ships to and from Spanish ports, the usual routes used by this traffic and the merchandise object of this trade are addressed. An exhaustive examination of the investigated sources is also made, especially the documentation of the American customs, along with commercial correspondence and the press.

[es] En este art?culo se aborda el tema del tr?fico mar?timo comercial entre los puertos estadounidenses del distrito de Filadelfia y los de Nueva Inglaterra con Espa?a, en los a?os turbulentos de finales del siglo XVIII. En primer lugar, se analiza la red consular estadounidense en Espa?a, que parece depender de la percepci?n que los mercaderes y capitanes ten?an acerca de su utilidad. Posteriormente, se aborda el an?lisis del movimiento de nav?os hacia y desde los puertos espa?oles, las rutas habituales utilizadas por este tr?fico y las mercanc?as objeto de este comercio. Tambi?n se hace un exhaustivo examen de las fuentes utilizadas, especialmente la documentaci?n de las aduanas estadounidenses, junto a correspondencia comercial y la prensa.
[en] The aim of the work presented is to highlight the new scientific approach to emotional dimensions and their functions for personal and social development, as well as the new theoretical and practical consideration of education that this approach requires. The absence of structured and continuous training of emotions in the current educational system reduces the scope of integral education, which is proposed as an objective. The integration of thought, emotion and action is an essentially human characteristic, and must therefore be the basis of the educational act. The paradigm of emotional intelligence, through the theory of multiple intelligences, the contributions of neuroscience and the cognitive and humanistic tradition, has deep pedagogical implications and is highly important to guide educational renovation. Emphasizing this change, which we consider fundamental for education, it is indispensable to reconsider teacher training.

[es] La finalidad del trabajo que presentamos consiste en destacar el nuevo enfoque cient?fico de las dimensiones emocionales y sus funciones para el desarrollo personal y social, as? como la nueva consideraci?n te?rica y pr?ctica de la educaci?n que ?ste exige. La ausencia de una formaci?n estructurada y continua de las emociones en el actual sistema educativo reduce el alcance de la educaci?n integral que se propone como objetivo. La integraci?n de pensamiento, emoci?n y acci?n es una caracter?stica esencial de lo humano y debe, por tanto, constituir la base del acto educativo. El paradigma de la inteligencia emocional, a trav?s de la teor?a de las inteligencias m?ltiples, las aportaciones de las neurociencias, y la tradici?n cognitiva y humanista, tiene hondas implicaciones pedag?gicas y es de gran calado para orientar la renovaci?n educativa. Para incidir sobre este cambio que consideramos fundamental para la educaci?n, es indispensable replantear la formaci?n del profesorado.
[en] Publication that gathers the minutes of the V International Congress of Education, celebrated in Salamanca, from February 4 to February 7, 2003 established as forum of debate and diffusion of educational and investigative experiences that approach new lines of professional development.

[es] Publicaci?n que recoge las Actas del V Congreso Internacional de Educaci?n, celebrado en Salamanca, del 4 al 7 de febrero de 2003, establecido como foro de debate y difusi?n de experiencias educativas e investigadoras que aborden nuevas l?neas de desarrollo profesional.
[en] In the most dynamic areas of Western Europe the so-called revolution of the consumption did his appearance at the end of the seventeenth century. Also in Mediterranean Spain significant changes took place in the acquisitive guidelines of the families, derivatives of the exceptional economic development experienced along the 18th century. Changes that we doubt to qualify of revolutionaries, since they respond to a progressive process in which multiple variables intervene, and that in our opinion we consider that the term that best characterizes this period is the evolution of consumption. The documentary base used in this comparative study is a set of dowry deeds distributed between rural and urban areas. And the attention has been focused on the dress, which besides being the article with the highest representation in this type of documents, is the best example as an indicator of family consumption (Veblen dixit).?

[es] En las ?reas m?s din?micas de la Europa Occidental la llamada revoluci?n del consumo hizo su aparici?n a finales del xvii. Tambi?n en la Espa?a Mediterr?nea se produjeron cambios significativos en las pautas adquisitivas de las familias, derivados del excepcional desarrollo econ?mico experimentado a lo largo del siglo xviii. Cambios que dudamos en calificar de revolucionarios ?ya que responden a un proceso progresivo en el que intervienen m?ltiples variables?, y que en nuestra opini?n consideramos que el t?rmino que mejor caracteriza este per?odo es el de evoluci?n del consumo. La base documental utilizada en este estudio comparativo la constituye un conjunto de escrituras de dote repartidas entre el medio rural y el urbano. Y la atenci?n se ha centrado en el vestido, que, adem?s de ser el art?culo con mayor representaci?n en este tipo de documentos, es el mejor ejemplo como indicador del consumo familiar (Veblen dixit). ?