[en] Abstract Introduction: The World Health Organisation recommends that all infants are exclusively breastfed (EBF) during the first six months of life and to continue breastfeeding (BF) for the first two years. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of BF at hospital discharge, at 4, 6 and 12 months, and the variables associated with it. To determine the validity and safety of different backgrounds to predict its prevalence. Methods: An observational, prospective follow-up study (n = 420; α = 0.05, d = ± 4.4%) between June / 2013 and September / 2015, with women admitted to the health trust of Ferrol for delivery. Informed consent and authorization from the Regional Committee of Ethics in Clinical Research was obtained. A descriptive and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed. Results: The prevalence of BF at discharge was 81.4%, 54.7% at 4 months, 41.6% at 6 months and 19.1% at 12 months. After taking into account all the variables associated with breastfeeding in the univariate analysis and after performing a multivariate regression analysis, the variables that have an independent effect to predict BF are: At discharge: cigarette smoking, number of children, previous BF and twin births. At 4 months: level of education, attendance to antenatal classes, infant's gender and type of feeding the baby first had. Previous breastfeeding reaches borderline statistical significance. At 6 months: previous breastfeeding. Maternal age and attendance to antenatal classes reach borderline statistical significance. At 12 months: maternal age, cigarette smoking and previous breastfeeding reach borderline statistical significance. This study shows that the variable with greater sensitivity, specificity and predictive values to predict BF is previous breastfeeding. Among the reasons that prompted the change in type of BF are hypogalactia at 4 months (34.6%), the introduction of complementary foods for medical reasons at 6 months (68.2%) and return to work at 12 months (30.3%). Conclusions: The prevalence of BF decreases over time, with a very low prevalence of EBF at 6 months. There are several variables associated with BF in this study. Previous breastfeeding is the more valid variable for predicting BF.

[gl] Introducción: A Organización Mundial da Saúde recomenda que todos os bebés sexan alimentados con lactación materna exclusiva (LME) ata os 6 meses de idade e manter a lactación materna (LM) ata cumprir os 2 anos. Obxectivos: Determinar a prevalencia de LM ao alta hospitalaria, aos 4, 6 e 12 meses, así como as variables asociadas á súa presenza. Determinar a validez e seguridade de diferentes antecedentes para predicir a devandita prevalencia. Métodos: Estudo observacional, de seguimento prospectivo (n=420; α =0,05; d= ±4,4%), entre xuño/2013 e setembro/2015, con mulleres ingresadas na área sanitaria de Ferrol, por un proceso de parto. Obtense consentimento informado e autorización do Comité Autonómico de Ética da Investigación Clínica. Realízase un estudo descritivo e multivariado de regresión loxística. Resultados: A prevalencia de LM á alta foi de 81,4%, aos 4 meses de 54,7%, aos 6 meses de 41,6% e aos 12 meses dun 19,1%. Tras tomar en consideración todas as variables asociadas á LM na análise univariada e tras realizar unha análise multivariada de regresión, as variables que teñen un efecto independente para predicir LM son: Á alta: consumo de tabaco, número de fillos, lactación previa e parto xemelgar. Aos 4 meses: nivel de estudos, asistencia a educación maternal, xénero do lactante e LM na primeira toma. Atópase no límite da significancia estatística, a lactación previa. Aos 6 meses: lactación previa. No límite da significancia estatística a idade da nai e asistencia a educación maternal. Aos 12 meses: atópase no límite da significancia estatística a idade da nai, consumo de tabaco e lactación previa. Neste estudo demóstrase que a variable con maior sensibilidade, especificidade e valores predictivos para predicir LM é a lactación previa. Entre os motivos que propiciaron o cambio de LM destacan a hipogalactia aos 4 meses (34,6%), a introdución de alimentación complementaria por indicación médica aos 6 meses (68,2%) e a volta ao traballo aos 12 meses (30,3%). Conclusións: A prevalencia de LM diminúe ao longo do tempo, con moi baixa prevalencia de LME aos 6 meses (5,4%). Existen variables asociadas á LM no seguimento. O antecedente de lactación previa é a que maior validez ten para predicir LM.