BSC-LT/ACAData huggingface dataset:
[en] This paper analyses the application of current legislation on female genital mutilation (FGM) and asylum, from the international level to Spain. The integration of international and European laws into Spanish law will be analyzed. It will also examine the situation of FGM s a form of harassment in the context of asylum, as well as the jurisprudential response of the Spanish courts to asylum applications related to FGM. In addition, the measures adopted by the Spanish government to prevent and combat FGM, as well as their practical implementation, will be analysed. In general, the aim of the work is to highlight the importance of protecting the fundamental rights of women and ensuring their security, particularly in the face of a practice such as FGM.

[eu] Lan honek gaur egun emakumeen genitalen mutilazioari (EGM) eta asiloari buruz dagoen legediaren aplikazioa aztertzen du, nazioarteko esparrutik Espainiako esparrura. Nazioarteko eta Europako legeak, Espainiako legerian nola txertatu diren aztertuko da. Era berean, EGMren egoera asiloaren testuinguruan jazarpen-modutzat har daitekeela sakonduko da, eta jurisprudentziaren bidez Espainiako auzitegiek EGMarekin lotutako asilo-eskaerei nola erantzun dieten aztertuko da ere. Gainera, Espainiako gobernuak EGM prebenitzeko eta borrokatzeko hartutako neurriak aztertuko dira, baita neurri horiek praktikan nola ezarri diren. Oro har, lanaren helburua emakumeen oinarrizko eskubideak babestearen eta haien segurtasuna bermatzearen garrantzia nabarmentzea da, zehazki EGMa bezalako praktika baten aurrean
[en] Our investigation project analyze the different traditional games its practice in a 3-year-old classroom and they have in their own motions. To complete the analysis, we have separated the investigation into 3 stages: firstly, it was explained to the children, through cards and images, what traditional games are; secondly, they had the chance to play some of these games from the five Continents; and, finally, they painted what they had felt while they were playing those games. Therefore in this research we analyze the inner logic of these traditional games, the space, the duration, relationships and the objects, and relate them to the pupil's drawings.

[eu] Lan hau 3 urteko umeen gelan egindako ikerketa bat da, bertan, jolas tradizionalak praktikan jarriko dira eta hauek umeen emozioetan duten eragina aztertuko da. Horretarako ikerketa hau 3 fase desberdinetan planteatu dugu: lehenengo pausua, jolas tradizionalak irudien bidez zer diren azaltzea izan da; ondoren, kontinente desberdinetako jolas tradizional batzuk burutu egin ditugu; eta, jarraian, umeak sentitu dutena marrazki batean adierazi dute. Praktikatutako jardueren barne logika aztertu dugu, espazio, denbora, harremanak eta objektuak eta umeek marraztutako marrazkiekin erlazionatu ditugu.
[en] This study defends that more than one modal particle can appear in the same clause in Basque and it looks into those contexts which restrict the number of modal particles to one. For that purpose I study the following two cases: a) those where the modal particle ote and the question particle -a used in polarity questions in eastern dialects occur in the same clause and b) those which contain the modal particle ahal and ote when the latter behaves syntac-tically distinct from the usual pattern. As argued, the fact that those particles occupy sepa-rate syntactic position allow their compability.

[eu] Ikerketa honetan defendatzen da partikula modal bat baino gehiago azal daitezkeela euskaraz. Halaber, aztertzen da hainbat partikularen arteko bateraezintasuna zerk eragiten duen. Horretarako kasu bi hartzen dira ikergai: a) ekialdeko hizkeretan polaritatezko itaunetan erabiltzen den -a galdera partikula ote partikula modalarekin batera agertzen deneko kasuak eta b) ote, jokabide ezohikoa duenean, ahal-ekin perpaus berean baliatzen deneko kasuak. Argudiatzen dudanez, bai lehenengo kasuan, bai bigarrenean, gune sintaktiko beregainak edukitzeak ahalbidetzen du partikula horiek bateragarriak izatea.
[en] The project consists on designing a hinge pin (bolt) as part of the suspension of a military vehicle, being as light and cheap as possible and able to support the stresses that the piece is subjected to. Initially, the different materials and manufacturing processes for the bolt are studied. Later, and after choosing the best alternative, we proceed to design the geometry of the bolt using a computer assisted design program (AutoCAD). Then, it is carried out the simulation of the bolt using a finite element program (QForm), in order to verify the validity of the design. In this process, parameters of the workpiece, such as the distribution of stress or temperature, are analyzed. Finally, and if necessary, the parameters and tools needed for the final machining of the workpiece are calculated.

[eu] Proiektu hau buloi bat diseinatzean datza, ibilgailu militar baten esekiduran dagoen errotula baten parte delarik. Buloia ahalik eta merkeagoa eta arinagoa izan behar da, eta baita buloiak dituen zama eskaerak jasateko gai ere. Lehenik eta behin, buloia fabrikatzeko eskuragarri dauden material eta fabrikazio prozesu batzuk aztertuko dira. Ondoren, eta aukerarik egokiena hautatu eta gero, buloiaren geometria diseinatzen da, ordenagailuz lagunduriko diseinu bidezko programa (AutoCAD) baten bidez. Geroago, elementu finituen programa (QForm) batekin, buloiaren simulazioa burutzen da, diseinuaren baliotasuna egiaztatzeko, piezaren tentsio eta tenperatura banaketa bezalako parametroak aztertuz. Azkenik, eta beharrezkoa izanez gero, azkeneko mekanizazioan beharrezkoak diren parametroak eta erramintak edo tresnak kalkulatzen dira.
[en] This article analyzes psychologically the main components of a serious social problem reported by the media. Although sexual abuse of children is not a sole criminal phenomenon of the Catholic Church and in fact this problema extends to other institutional contexts, acquires different features of family child sexual abuse, which has been most extensively studied. Therefore, the components of this phenomenon of victimization, victims and perpetrators, with its specific characteristics, are studied differing largely from sexual pathology derived from pedophilia. However, the main objective of the article is aimed at laying the foundations for prevention, both primary and secondary. Finally, we offer some guidelines and recommendations which, from the psychological angle, reduce the incidence and remedy this serious criminal phenomenon that traumatizes affected children, dishonor to the Church and alarm the society.

[eu] Komunikabideek salatutako arazo sozial larri baten osagai nagusiei buruzko hausnarketa eta analisi psikologikoak jasotzen ditu artikulu honek. Haurren aurkako sexu-abusuak ez dira Eliza katolikoaren barruan bakarrik gertatzen diren fenomeno kriminala, bestelako erakundeetan ere izaten baitira halakoak. Baina baditu zenbait ezaugarri, familiaren barruan haurren aurka gertatzen diren sexu-abusuetakoak ez bezalakoak –azkeneko horiek gehiago aztertu dituzte–. Ondorioz, aipatutako biktimizazio-fenomenoaren osagaiak aztertzen ditu artikuluak, biktimak eta biktimarioak, euren berariazko berezitasunekin; eta, neurri handi batean, pedofiliatik eratortzen den patologia sexualetik bereizten du. Edonola ere, artikuluaren helburu nagusia lehen zein bigarren mailako prebentzioaren oinarriak ezartzea da. Azkenik, ikuspegi psikologikotik, arauak eta gomendioak eskaintzen ditu fenomeno kriminal larri hori –kaltetutako haurrak traumatizatzen dituena, Eliza ohoregabetzen duena eta gizartean alarma sortzen duena– gutxiagotan gerta dadin eta horri erremedioa emateko.
[en] The current study analyses the effectiveness of implementing physical activity-based breaks based on Descansos Activos Mediante Ejercicio Físico (¡Dame 10!) program to decrease physical inactivity times in Elementary School students. After conducting a bibliographic review on the characteristics of the most popular activity break programs and their potential benefits, various activities have been designed adjusting to their characteristics; which have been carried out with the students and teachers of a group of fourth grade of a public school in VitoriaGasteiz. After implementing these activity breaks, several questionnaires have been used to analyze the results and draw conclusions. From the aforementioned analysis, it has been discovered that this type of proposal manages to increase the amount of physical activity of moderate intensity of the students in general and of the girls in particular. In addition, active breaks provide additional benefits such as increased activation, concentration and motivation in students; which confirms the positive effects of both ¡Dame 10! and the application of activity break programs at this stage. Finally, it should be noted that both teachers and students positively value participation in this type of program and are in favor of including them regularly in the school day

[eu] Lan honetan, Descansos Activos Mediante Ejercicio Físico (¡Dame 10!) programan oinarrituta, atseden aktiboen eraginkortasuna aztertzen da, Lehen Hezkuntzako ikasleen jarrera sedentarioak aldatzeko. Atseden aktiboen programa ezagunenen ezaugarriei eta horien onura potentzialei buruzko berrikuspen bibliografikoa egin ondoren, proposamen hauen ezaugarrietara egokitutako hainbat jarduera sortu dira. Jarduerak Gasteizko ikastetxe publiko bateko Lehen Hezkuntzako laugarren mailako talde baten ikasle eta irakasleekin aurrera eraman dira. Atseden aktiboak inplementatu ondoren, hainbat galdetegi erabili dira emaitzak aztertzeko eta ondorioak ateratzeko. Azterketa horretatik abiatuta, ikusi da horrelako proposamenek ikasleen eta, bereziki, nesken intentsitate ertaineko jarduera fisikoen kopurua handitzea lortzen dutela. Gainera, atseden aktiboek onura gehigarriak ekartzen dituzte, hala nola ikasleen aktibazioa, kontzentrazioa eta motibazioa areagotzea. Hau guztia baieztatzen ditu bai ¡Dame 10! -ren ondorio positiboak, bai etapa honetan atseden aktiboen programak aplikatzearen ondorio positiboak. Azkenik, azpimarratu behar da bai irakasleek bai ikasleek positiboki baloratzen dutela horrelako programetan parte hartzea, eta eskola-orduetan ohiko moduan egitearen alde daudela.
[en] The aim of this work is the static study and the optimization of the design of a mechanic element by the Finite Element Method (FEM) for its implementation in diferent mechanisms, thanks to the design platform Workbench of the company ANSYS. Once the most suitable design is achieved to stand moment , deformation and precision, without permanent deformation, the 3D printing of the piece will proceed.

[eu] Proiektu honen helburua elementu finito metodoaren bidez, Workbench diseinatzeko ANSYS empresaren plataformarekin, egoera estatikoan dagoen pieza baten behakuntzan den piezaren diseinuaren optimizazioa, ondoren mekanismo batean kokatzeko da. Behin momentu gehien, deformazio handiena eta zehaztasun gehiena lortzen duten diseinuak, deformazio iraunkorrik sortu gabe, mekanismoa 3D-n inprimatuko da.
[en] This contribution proposes a model of legal regulation for the cannabis market, inspired by the norms that regulate low graduation alcoholic beverages and tobacco. As a transitional model the author proposes the consumers' club model, with non commercial production in a closed circuit.

[eu] Kannabisaren merkaturako lege-erregulazio eredu bat proposatzen da, graduazio baxuko edari alkoholiko eta tabakoari buruzko araudietan oinarritua. Trantsitzio eredu gisa, kontsumitzaile klubena planteatzen da, zirkuitu itxiko ekoizpen ez-komertzialarekin.
[en] Aquaculture produces fish organisms for food, aquarium or scientific purposes, whose one of the major challenges have always been feed costs. Chelon labrosus has been proposed as an aquacultural species in the Basque Country. They may be promising due to their extensive and abundant distribution, omnivorous (and increasingly herbivorous) diet, eurythermal and euryhaline nature and gastronomical value. The AKURA project aims to design process for their farming, including a proper diet that avoids less sustainable and more expensive compounds like fishmeal. In this study, C. labrosus individuals were exposed to 4 different diets in order to determine the biometrical and histological effects of the different nutritional compositions, for which some indices were also calculated. This was related to the health condition of mullets. Feed containing a high amount of protein and lipids resulted in the highest growth rates for both length and weight. Fish fed on the lowest amount of protein had the lowest growth rates but presented the highest efficiency in utilising protein. High dietary carbohydrate concentrations were related to bigger livers and higher vacuolisation levels. Therefore, it was suggested that plant-based carbohydrates could be a suitable compound of feed for C. labrosus, but only if proteins were to be added. Good quality fats would also be necessary for being the principal energy source of fishes. Other methods like the biofloc system were proposed as well.

[eu] Akuakulturak oganismo itsastarrak ekoizten ditu elikagaigintza, akuario edo asmo zientifikoetarako, eta haren erronka nagusietako bat betidanik izan da pentsuen kostu altua. Euskal Herrian​ Chelonlabrosus akuikulturarako espezie bezala sartzea proposatu da. Etorkizun oparoa izan dezakete, besteak beste, haien banaketa zabala eta ugaria, dieta-eredu omniboroa (eta gero eta herbiboroagoa), hedapen euritermiko eta eurihalinoa eta balio gastronomikoa direla medio. AKURA proiektuak haien hazkuntzarako prozesu bat diseinatzea du helburu, horren barne arrain-irina bezala osagaiez hain sostengarri eta garestiak saihesten dituen dieta bat egonez. Ikerketa honetan,​ C. labrosus​enbanakoak 4 dieta ezberdinen bidez elikatu eta haietako bakoitzaren konposaketa nutrizionalak zituen eragin biometriko eta histologikoak aztertu ziren, horretarako zenbait indize ere kalkulatuz. Hori korrokoien osasun-egoerarekin erlazionatu zen. Proteinen eta lipidoen portzentai handiak zeuzkan pentsuari egokitu zitzaizkion luzera zein pisurako hazkunde-tasa altuenak.Proteina-kopuru txikiena ingeritu zuten arrainek hazkunde-tasa baxuenak aurkeztu zituzten,baina efizienteenak izan ziren proteina erabiltzeko orduan. Karbohidratoenkontzejatorri begetaleko karbohidratoak​ C. labrosus​entzako pentsuaren konposatu egokia izandaitezkeelairadokida,beti ere proteinak gehitzen badira.Kalitate oneko gantzak beharrezkoak izango lirateke ere arrainenenergia-iturri nagusia izateagatik. Biofloc sistema bezalako beste metodo batzuk ere proposatu ziren.
[en] The aim of this project is to carry out de design of a five axis machining machine as a final degree project for the student Ander del Rio. This is going to be directed by the professor Francisco Javier Campa and it will contain two parts. The first one will consist in making the study of the art, which means studying the machining, studying the machines that carry out this processes and making a research on the situation of the market according to them. The second part will consist in making the design of the machining center taking into account all the knowledge obtained in the previous part so that it is efficient and provides novelty to the market.

[eu] Bost ardatz dituen mekanizazio makina bat diseinatu egin nahi da Ander del Rio ikaslearen Gradu Amaierako Lana modura. Proiektu hau Franciasko Javier Campa irakaslea zuzendu egingo du eta bi zati izango ditu. lehenengoan artearen ikasketa bat egingo da, honek esan nahi du mekanizazioa ikertu egingo dela, mekanizazioa egiten duten makinak ikertu egingo direla eta mekanizazioaren egoera merkatuan. Bigarren zatian mekanizazio zentruaren diseinua egingo da lehenengoko fasean eskuratutako jakintza erabiliz, eraginkorra eta merkatuarentzako berria den makina bat diseinatzeko.
[en] Abstract: SanidApp is a system aimed at patients and healthcare professionals to improve their communication and organization. This application has been developed to carry out joint actions between professional-professional and patient-professional, in addition to offering a wide range of job information about health experts, as well as the possibility of sending messages between their users. This document covers all the phases of the project Communication System and Personal Organisation in a Healthcare Institution. First of all, it presents the previous planning to the accomplishment of the project. Second of all, the capture of requirements, the design and the development are analyzed, what is the most extensive part. Finally, it finishes with the tests, conclusions, which includes a personal reflection on the experience lived during the project, and the future work.

[eu] Laburpena: SanidApp paziente eta osasun-profesionalen antolaketa eta komunikazioa hobetzeko zuzenduta dagoen sistema da. Aplikazio hau profesionalen eta pazienteen arteko jarduerak egiteko garatuta dago. Gainera, osasun-jakitunen informazio-laborala ikusteko eta aplikazio erabiltzaileen artean mezuak bidaltzeko aukera ematen du. Dokumentu honek Osasun-Enpresa baten Komunikazio eta Antolakuntza Sistema proiektuaren atal guztiak biltzen ditu. Proiektuaren aurretiko planifikazioa aurkezten da, ondoren proiektuaren eskakizunak, diseinua eta garapena aztertzen da, parte hau luzeena izanda. Amaitzeko, probak eta ondorioak aztertzen dira, honen barruan proiektuaren garapenean izandako esperientziaren gogoeta pertsonala egiten da, baita etorkizunerako lanari buruzkoa.
[en] This final task's main objective was to analyze the Mexican "Cristero '' war that took place between 1926 and 1929, from the perspective of two different newspapers from Alava that were contemporary to this event. To begin with the analysis, I make a small study of the journalistic history of Alava in the first half of the 20th century, supported by an analysis of the political situation in Spain at the time. Then, I explain the most important events of the war, placing them in context with the turbulent political situation that Mexico was going through. After learning about the different aspects of this war, I will focus on explaining how the newspapers ''La Libertad" and "El Heraldo Alaves" deal with this news, comparing the assessments transmitted in them, and drawing different conclusions from them. The results of these analyses showed a great difference between the publications of the two newspapers, making it clear that despite the censorship regime to which they were subjected.

[eu] Gradu Amaierako Lan honen bidez, 1926 eta 1929 urteen artean Mexikon emandako kristeroen gerra aztertzen da, garai hartako bi egunkari arabarren ikuspuntutik erreparatuz. Lanarekin hasteko, Arabako XX. Mendeko lehenengo erdialdeko kazetaritzaren historiaren analisi bat egiten dut, 1920ko hamarkadako espainiako egoera politiko eta kulturalarekin batera. Ondoren, gerraren inguruko gertaera garrantzitsuenen azalpenean zentratzen naiz, Mexikoko egoera politiko korapilatsuarekin erlazionatuz. Gerraren inguruko nondik norakoak azaltzen ditudan bitartean, "La Libertad" eta "El Heraldo Alaves" egunkarien berriak erabiliko ditut, gertaera hauek hobeto uler daitezen, agertu daitezkeen balorazioak aztertzeko eta haien arteko konparazio bat egiteko. Analisi hauen emaitzek erakusten duten bezala, bi egunkarien arteko ezberdintasun nabarmenak ematen dira, eta nahiz eta biak zeuden gobernuaren prensa zentzuraren mehatxuan, argi dago objetibotasuna ez zela haien ezaugarririk aipagarriena. Lortutako datu hauen guztien bidez, ondorio batzuk ateratzen ditut, lanean zehar agertzen diren balorazioak laburbilduz, eta hauek era orokorrago batean aztertuz.
[en] After explaining essential sides of euthanasia characterization and driving criteria of its different identification classes, it is analysed the own life availability treatment in our juridical order, and interpretation possibilities in this matter and the alternative proposal to the lack of regulation are pointed out.

[eu] Eutanasiaren berezitasunean oinarrizko puntuak eta bere mota desberdinetako ezagueraren irizpideak agertu ondoren, geure ordenamendu juridikoan norberaren bizitzaren erabilgarritasunaren tratamendua aztertu egiten da, eta gai honetan interpretazio posibilitateak eta arauketa gabeziari txandako proposamena azaltzen dira.
[en] The unwritten surfer´s code opens a range of doubts when it comes to qualify it as a source of law and giving it the legal value that it deserves. In the case of the city of Donostia - San Sebastian, the increase of surfing activity has generated serious problems for the proper practice of it and cohabitation on the beach. This study aims to make an approximation to the value of a soft law norm that is not included in any Official Gazette, so it will be necessary to extract the main problems that the use of the Code presents to eventually come up with some possible solutions in order to reduce and prevent accidents in sliding sports and improve the current surf experience in Donostia- San Sebastian, as well as in another municipalities facing similar problems.

[eu] Surflarien kode ez-idatziak zalantza sorta handia irekitzen du Zuzenbidearen iturri bezala sailkatzerako orduan, bai eta dagokion balio juridikoa atxikitzerako garaian ere. Surfa praktikatzearen hazkundea dela medio, Donostiako hiriaren kasuan kezka larriak sortu izan dira hondartzan bizikidetza eta surfaren jarduera egokia lortu ahal izateko. Ikerketa honen helburua, beraz, Boletin Ofizialean jasota ez dagoen araudiaren balioari hurbilketa bat egitea izango da, zeinarentzat kodearen erabilerak aurkezten dituen arazo nagusiak azaltzea beharrezkoa izango den. Azkenean, Donostiako hirian eta antzeko gatazkak aurkezten dituzten tokietan, kirol irristakorren istripuak saihesteko eta surfaren esperientzia hobetzeko konponbide posible batzuen proposamena egingo da.
[en] At European level and in the different countries from the European Union several documents about prevention against the "sects" have been elaborated. At the same time, the observance of the different beliefs forces to act with extreme caution to avoid that the excessive controls represses the fundamental rights exercise. Thus, the obtaining of the legal personality is analyzed, centring in the special regime, of the religious confessions, to obtain a legal personality, analyzing the jurisprudence on the matter.

[eu] Europar mailan eta Europar Batasuneko hainbat herrialdetan, sekten aurkako hainbat dokumentu egin dira. Era berean, sinesmen ezberdinen aldeko errespetuak, kontu handiarekin aritzera behartzen gaitu, kontrol sakonek bestela oinarrizko eskubideak mugatzen bait dituzte. Konfesio erlijiosoek pertsonalitate juridikoa nola lortzen duten aztertzen da, horri buruz dagoen jurisprudentzia azalduz.
[en] The principal objective of this project is to develop the library in Matlab-Simulink corresponding to an OBD (On Board Diagnostic system) for electric vehicles. It is intended to check the correct operation of the library running the software in real time with a PLC provided by Tecnalia, making communication between PLC and PC by CAN bus. In this context, the implementation of the project will follow the methodology V cycle in software with the following main phases: Development of communications in Simulink (Platform PC). Software Implementation in fast prototyping platforms (DSpace). Validation and testing. Final implementation in DSP.

[eu] Proiektu honen helburu nagusia ibilgailu elektrikoarentzako OBD (on-board diagnostiko sistema) bati dagokion Matlab-Simulink liburutegi bat garatzea da. Honekin, liburutegiaren funtzionamendu egokia egiaztatu nahi da horretarako Tecnaliak emandako PLC baten bitartez softwarea denbora errealean exekutatuz, CAN bus bidez PLC eta PC arteko komunikazioa eginez. Testuinguru horretan, proiektua martxan jartzeko jarraituko den metodologia V ziklo softwarea izango da hurrego fase nagusiekin: Komunikazioen garapena Simulink-en (PC plataforma). Softwarearen ezartzea protitapaketa azkarreko plataformetan (DSpace). Baieztaketa eta azterketa. DSPn azken ezarpena.