BSC-LT/ACAData huggingface dataset:
[en] The intention of this work is to make a study of how to address the safety of machines in the industrial field. For this purpose, the current legislation and the security strategy to be followed will be studied. The protection measures existingin the market will be analysed and in addition, two rules that calculate the level of protection of the system will be deepened. After this theoretical study of safety, a practical application of the device that has the most presence in machinery will be made: the emergency stop button. To do this, an assembly will be made, with the necessary hardware and software (TIA Portal), in the laboratory of Systems Engineering and Automation Department of the School of Engineering of Bilbao.

[eu] Lan honen bidez, industriaren alorrean makinen segurtasunari nola aurre egin behar den aztertu nahi da. Horretarako, egungo legeria eta jarraitu beharreko segurtasun estrategia aztertuko dira. Merkatuan dauden babes neurriak aztertuko dira eta, gainera, sistemaren babes maila kalkulatzeko bi arau sakonduko dira. Segurtasunaren azterlan teoriko honen ondoren, makinerian presentzia handiena duen gailuaren aplikazio praktikoa egingo da: larrialdiko gelditze botoia. Horretarako, muntai bat egingo da, beharrezko hardware eta softwarearekin (TIA Portal), Bilboko Ingeniaritza Eskolako Sistemen Ingenieritza eta Automatizazio Saileko laborategian.
[en] This paper analyses the effectiveness of Game-Based Learning methodology to increase motivation and improve academic performance in primary education. Currently, many students are unmotivated during their learning process. One of the reasons is that the classes given are not adapted to their characteristics, resulting in theoretical sessions, which are not very attractive to them. However, it is thought that it is possible to achieve a more lasting and interesting learning by means of didactic games. This research compares the two types of learning strategies in order to see the results and to conclude that despite the increase in student motivation, other materials must be used in order to achieve better academic performance.

[eu] Lan honek Jokoetan Oinarritutako Ikaskuntzaren metodologiaren eraginkortasuna aztertzen du, Lehen Hezkuntzan motibazioa areagotzeko eta errendimendu akademikoa hobetzeko. Gaur egun, ikasle askok ez dute motibaziorik ikaskuntza-prozesuan. Arrazoietako bat da emandako saioak ez direla haien ezaugarrietara egokitzen, eta saio teorikoak direla, ez oso erakargarriak haientzat. Hala ere, ikaskuntza iraunkorragoa eta interesgarriagoa lortzea jolas didaktikoen bidez posible dela pentsatzen da. Ikerketa honek bi ikaskuntza-estrategia motak alderatzen ditu, emaitzak ikusteko eta, ikasleen motibazioa handitzea lortu arren, errendimendu akademiko hobea lortzeko beste material batzuk erabili behar direla ondorioztatzeko.
[en] Although 3 out of 10 children suffer from sexual abuse or harassment, research, information and training on this subject are still insufficient. Therefore, the main objective of this work is to provide professionals and future professionals with training and resources for early detection of children sexual abuse. To this end, two programs have been developed: "Breaking the secrets of childhood sexual abuse (ASI)" 1st Conference and online course. In the conference the needs of professionals, future professionals and people interested in the subject were identified with a strong demand to create a support network. Establishing the basis for that network has been the last challenge in the planning and development of the online course where 243 people from all over the world and different professional backgrounds took part.

[eu] Nahiz eta 10 umetatik hiruk abusu sexuala pairatzen duen, gai honi buruz dauden ikerketak, informazioa eta formazioa eskasa da gaur egun. Hau horrela izanik, aurkezten den Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburu nagusia profesionalei eta etorkizuneko profesionalei haurren kontrako abusu sexualen formazioa eta detekzio goiztiarrerako baliabideak eskaintzea da. Horretarako bi esku-hartze garatu dira: Rompiendo el Secreto del Abuso Sexual Infantil" I.Jardunaldiak eta izenburu berbereko online ikastaroa. Jardunaldietan profesional, etorkizuneko profesional eta interesdun pertsonen beharrak identifikatu ziren. Horiek guztiak kontuan izanik online ikastaroa planifikatu eta garatu zen, mundu guztiko eta hainbat jarduera profesionaletako 243 pertsonek hartu zuten parte. Ikastaroaren azken erronka sostengu sarea eraikitzeko oinarriak zehaztea izan da.
[en] Racism is analysed from the point of view of Law's Philosophie, advising the need to protect person in the face of Law. Likewise there is a short analyse of the concept of "difference" and the concept of "identity". Finally, the text exposes the concept of "respect" in relation to legal status and insists on the need of safeguard's norms in the face of juridical norms.

[eu] Arrazakeriaren fenomenoa Zuzenbidearen Filosofiaren ikuspegitik aztertzen da eta gizabanakoaZuzenbidearen aurrean babesteko beharra azpimarratzen da. Aldi berean, desberdintasun kontzeptuaren azterketa laburra egiten da, nortasun kontzeptuarekin erlazionaturik. Bukatzeko, errespetu kontzeptua garatzen da, nortasun juridikoarekin erlazionaturik, arau juridikoen aurrean babes arauak egon beharra azpimarratuz.
[en] The project consists in the implementation of a drone that is able to move autonomously from one point to another in interior spaces. To do this, a software will be developed in an SBC capable of managing the different elements that make up the unmanned aircraft. The aim of this project is to achieve an autonomous quadcopter, in which the human factor intervenes only when setting a series of parameters. When dealing with maneuvers in interior spaces, there may be obstacles and limitations to reach the final point, so the aircraft must overcome them and look for alternatives to reach their goal. A drone with a microcontroller programmed in the open-source Arduino language will be used to create the drone, in which, integrated with a variety of elements and electronic components, will form a 4-engine aircraft, also called quadrocopters.

[eu] Proiektuak espazio itxietan puntu batetik bestera mugitzeko gai den drone batean datza. Horretarako, gidaririk gabeko hegazkinaren osagaiak kudeatzeko gai den SBC batean garatuko da software bat. Proiektu honen helburua quadrocopter autonomo bat lortzea da, eta gizakia soilik parametro batzuk ezartzen direnean hartzen du parte. Dronearen maniobrak barrualdeko espazioetan direnez, azken puntura iristeko oztopoak eta mugak egon daitezke, beraz, hegazkinak gainditu beharko ditu eta haren helburura heltzeko alternativa ezberdinak bilatu beharko ditu. Dronea egiteko, Arduino kode irekian programatutako mikrokontrolagailu bat erabiliko da, non elementu eta osagai elektronikoekin batera integratuta, quadrocopter izena hartzen duen lau motoreko hegazkin bat osatuko du.
[en] The current study has been focused on the inclusion of disabled people by means of fighting sports. As a first step, a literature review has been performed regarding concepts of inclusion and fighting sports for enabling the reader to understand the scheme of the study. A Taekwondo-based planning has been designed for people suffering Down syndrome, from which the major benefits provided by this particular sport have been analysed not only in a sportive scope, but also in a social scheme.

[eu] Lan hau borroka-kirolen bitartez desgaitasunak dituzten pertsonen inklusioan oinarritu da. Lehenik, borroka-kirolei nahiz inklusioari buruzko kontzeptu ezberdinen informazioa bildu egin da irakurlea kokatzeko beharrean. Hori eta gero, Taekwondoko programazio bat planifikatu egin da Down sindromea duten pertsonentzat eta, aldi berean, kirola eremuan zein gizartean onura nagusienak zeintzuk diren ikertu egin da.
[en] Inglés: The hot stamping process is a manufacturing technology based on deform a previously up to recrystallization temperature heated metal. The dies used as tools, are a complex fabrication an elevated add value pieces, in which temperature sensor integration is not an easy task. The intention is to study the viability of the integration of sensors in dies, without harming any of both parts, to measure in real time temperature parameters during the hot stamping process. For that, it is proposed to use the laser metal deposition (LMD) technology due to its suitable characteristics for complex surfaces and available material working.

[eu] Euskera: Beroko estanpazio prozesua, lehenago berkristalizazio tenperatura baino gehiagora berotutako metal baten deformazioan basatutako fabrikazio teknologia bat da. Trokelak, tresna bezala erabiliak, fabrikazio konplexuko eta balio erantsi altuko piezak dira eta bertan tenperatura sentsoreak integratzea prozesu konplexua suposatzen du. Trokeleria moldeetan sentsore integrazioa ea bideragarria den aztertzea da helburua, edozein zatiren funtzionamendua larritu gabe, beraien integritate metalurgikoa bermatuz, momentuko tenperatura parametroak neurtzeko estanpazio prozesuan. Horretarako, laser prozesu gehigarria (LMD) erabiltzea proposatzen da, kasu honetan izandako materialekin eta gainazal konplexuekin lan egiteko teknologia egokia delako.
[en] Death is an inescapable element of life, but society does not talk about it. Although it is part of our lives, schools do not address the issue of death. In order to deal with this situation, this End-of-Degree Project has been created. Throughout the project, opinions have been gathered from different experts and authors on grief, the stages of grief, the manifestations of grief and the pedagogy of grief. An intervention is proposed based on the contributions of experts, with the aim of presenting what death and mourning are and to alleviate the mourning generated by death. Finally, a little research has been done in a school. Although most infants have experienced some death, it has not been treated at school. If the school educates for life, it must also deal with death, since it is part of life.

[eu] Heriotza bizitzaren osagai saihestezina da, baina gizartean ez da horri buruz hitz egiten. Gure bizitzaren atala den arren, eskoletan ez da heriotzaren gaia jorratzen. Egoera horri aurre egiteko, Gradu Amaierako Lan hau sortu da. Lanean zehar aditu eta egile ezberdinen iritziak jaso dira doluari, doluaren faseei, doluaren adierazpenei eta doluaren pedagogiari buruz. Adituen ekarpenen arabera eskuhartze bat proposatu da, heriotza eta dolua zer diren aurkezteko eta heriotzak sortutako dolua arintzeko helburuarekin. Bukatzeko, eskola batean ikerketa txikia egin da. Haur gehienek heriotzaren bat bizi izan duten arren, ez da eskolan landu. Eskolak bizitzarako hezten badu, heriotza ere landu behar du, bizitzaren atala baita.
[en] Freshwater molluscs from Biscay have been studied taxonomically and biogeographycally. Bibliographic information and collected samples were used to analyze stathistically the relationship between the mollusc communities and the ecological status of rivers. Good quality ecosystems showed a more complex and richer population of this taxon. However, one of the locations showed unusual results, which led us to recognize the need for a more detailed study of this group.

[eu] Ikerketa honetan, Bizkaiko Lurralde Historikoko hainbat ibaitan aurkitzen diren moluskuak aztertu dira, axonomikoki zein biogeografikoki. Horretarako,iturri desberdin bitako datuak aztertu dira; batetik, bibliografian aipatutakoak, eta bestetik, material biologikoaren laginketa bidez jasotakoak. Analisi estatistikoen bidez, laginketa puntu bakoitzean lortutako molusku komunitatea bertako habitataren egoera ekologikoarekin alderatu dira. Orokorrean, baldintza ekologiko onak dituzten ibaiek molusku espezie aberastasun handiagoa erakutsi dute. Salbuespen moduan, estazio batean behatutako datuak ezohikoak izan dira. Ondorioz, lerro honetan sakonduz, etorkizun batera begira, ikerketa sakon baten beharra ikusi da.
[en] In this study, the changes caused by the Guggenheim effect in Bilbao, as well as the new city constituted from the transformation process will be detailly explained. In order to achieve the proposal of the research, the creation of new spaces and urban planning, the hegemonic activities in these spaces and the imaginary created around them will be the core ideas. Through direct observation, the importance of the infrastructures, initiatives and events implemented will be studied. Criticisms based on social movements against the configuration of the city will be also exposed.

[eu] Ikerketa honen bitartez, Guggenheim efektuaren eraginez Bilboko hiriak pairatutako aldaketak ezagutu eta eraldaketa prozesuaren ondorioz eraiki den hiri berria aztertu nahi dira. Horretarako, espazio berrien sorrera eta antolamendua, espazio hauetan nagusitu diren jarduerak eta espazio hauen bueltan sortu den iruditegia izango ditugu ardatz. Behaketa zuzenaren bitartez, Bilboko hirian abiatu diren azpiegitura, ekimen eta gertaerak aztertu eta hiri ereduaren konfigurazioan izan duten garrantzia ikertuko da. Bilboko hiri konfigurazioaren aurka, mugimendu sozial ezberdinek adierazi dituzten kritikak eta protestak argitara emango dira ere.
[en] Superstar architecture can play a key role in the global positioning of museums in the influential mass media, thus successfully attracting cultural tourism. However, one obvious gap is the mapping of media positioning. The aim of this article is precisely to draw and visualise this positioning of the most influential museums through the networks. Two innovative features characterise this study: first, from a theoretical point of view, it links the debate on Superstar Museums to the broader economic debate on the Superstar Economy. According to Rosen's hypothesis, in the case of Superstar Museums, media exposure is concentrated in a handful of museums. In this context, the authors highlight the role of networks. The central nodes of the networks used for the study represent the museums that have the highest visibility in the international media. The second innovative feature of the article is the analysis of co-citation networks in Google News articles during the period 2022. Keywords: Symbolic capital, cultural branding, media, network analysis, node, centrality.

[eu] Arkitektura superizarrak funtsezko zeregina bete dezake museoek masa-komunikabide eraginkorretan duten posizionamendu globalean, horrela turismo kulturala arrakastaz erakarriz. Hala ere, gabezia nabarmen bat posizionamendu mediatikoaren kartografia da. Artikulu honen helburua da, hain zuzen ere, museo eraginkorrenen posizionamendu hori marraztea eta bistaratzea sareen bidez. Bi ezaugarri berritzailek ezaugarritzen dute azterlan hau: lehenik eta behin, ikuspegi teoriko batetik, Superizar Museoei buruzko eztabaida Ekonomia Superizarrari buruzko eztabaida ekonomiko zabalagoarekin lotzen du. Rosenen hipotesiaren arabera, Superizar Museoen kasuan, erakusketa mediatikoa museo-sorta batean biltzen da. Testuinguru horretan, autoreek sareen zeregina nabarmentzen dute. Azterketarako erabilitako sareen nodo zentralek nazioarteko komunikabideetan ikusgarritasun handiena duten museoak irudikatzen dituzte. Artikuluaren bigarren ezaugarri berritzailea Google News-eko artikuluetan kozitazio-sareak aztertzea da 2022ko aldian. Hitz gakoak: Kapital sinbolikoa, marka kulturala, komunikabideak, sareen analisia, nodoa, zentralitatea.
[en] The recent reforms to the Penal Code in the area of sexual freedom have entailed a complete alteration of the regulation that had been in place since 1995. This paper will study from a legal-feminist perspective the key points of the three regulations (1995, 2022 and 2023) with regard to victims over 16 years old and will attempt to respond to some of its most controversial aspects, especially in relation to the figure of consent, the unification of two criminal offenses under the crime of "sexual assault" and the equalization of means of commission.

[eu] Zigor Kodeak sexu-askatasunaren arloan berriki izan dituen erreformek erabat aldatu dute 1995etik egiten ari zen erregulazioa. Lan honetan, ikuspegi juridiko-feminista batetik aztertuko dira hiru erregulazioen (1995, 2022 eta 2023) funtsezko puntuak, 16 urtetik gorako biktimei dagokienez, eta alderdi eztabaidagarrienetako batzuei erantzuten saiatuko gara, batez ere, adostasunari, bi delitu-figura "sexu-erasoaren" delituaren pean bateratzeari eta bitarteko komisiboak parekatzeari dagokienez.
[en] The emergence of new information and communication technologies has directly influenced labor relations, contributing, among other things, to increasing the employer's control power. However, it cannot be denied that the use of these mechanisms may violate the fundamental rights of workers. Among these resources, the most common and the one that has generated the most conflicts has been the use of video surveillance cameras. Although the enactment of the Personal Data Protection Law of 2018 regulated the use of these instruments in the workplace for the first time, it has not managed to eradicate all the problems. Therefore, as will be analyzed in this work, the interpretive work carried out by the Courts has been fundamental when it comes to regulating the use of video surveillance cameras in the workplace.

[eu] Informazioaren eta komunikazioaren teknologia berrien agerpenak zuzeneko eragina izan du lan-harremanetan, enpresaburuaren kontrol boterea handitzen lagundu baitute, besteak beste. Hala ere, ezin da ukatu mekanismo horien erabilerak langileen oinarrizko eskubideak urratu ditzakeenik. Baliabide horien artean, ohikoena eta gatazka gehien sortu dituena bideozaintzako-kameren erabilera izan da. Datu Pertsonalen Babeserako 2018ko Legearen aldarrikapenak lehen aldiz arautu bazuen ere tresna horien erabilera lantokian, ez du lortu arazo guztiak desagerrarazterik. Horregatik, lan honetan aztertuko den bezala, Auzitegiek egindako interpretazio-lana ezinbestekoa izan da lantokian bideozaintzako-kameren erabilera arautzerakoan.
[en] Requirements that must be fulfilled for the enforcement, if appropriate, of the article 30 of the Spanish Penal Law to crimes committed in the Internet are briefly exposed. Taking this into account, juridical and penal problems related to some kind of crimes that are criminologically relevant are analyzed. These are: copyright crimes, deceptive publicity and pornography distribution when minors or incapables have taken part of it.

[eu] Zigor kodeko 30. artikulua aplikatzeko, bidezkoa baldin bada, behar diren baldintzen gaineko azalpena gauzatzen da, Internet erabiliaz egindako delituentzako. Oinarri honen bitartez kriminologiaren eremuan garrantzi handia duten delitu taldeen arazo politiko-penalak aztertzen dira laburki, hala nola, jabetza intelektualaren kontrako delituak, publizitate iruzurtia eta adingabe edo ezgaiek parte hartu duten pornografiaren zabalkundea.
[en] One of the most significant open problems in theoretical physics is that concerning the quantum behaviour of gravity. In this work, the theory known as Loop Quantum Gravity is introduced in order to provide a quantum description of the gravitational field. Loop Quantum Gravity starts from a hamiltonian formulation of General Relativity based on Ashtekar variables. When quantizing in the loop representation, spin networks arise as a way to work with the constraints of the theory. Loop Quantum Gravity provides a picture of the universe in which area and volume take discrete values at very small scales and succeeds in providing a background to study some phenomena (such as black hole entropy or the origin of the universe) where both, gravity and quantum effects, play an important role.

[eu] Fisika teorikoaren arloan kolokan dagoen arazo garrantzitsuenetariko bat eremu grabitatorioaren kuantizazioa da. Lan honetan grabitatearen azalpen kuantiko bat lortzen saiatzen den teoria bat aurkeztuko da: Kiribilen Grabitate Kuantikoa. Ashtekar-en aldagaien bidez lortutako Erlatibitate Orokorraren adierazpen hamiltondarra dauka Kiribilen Grabitate Kuantikoak abiapuntu. Kuantizatzeko orduan, teoriaren loturekin lan egiteko, kiribilen adierazpena erabili ohi da, non spin-sareak deritzen egiturak agertzen diren. Kiribilen Grabitate Kuantikoak gainazalari eta bolumenari espektro diskretu bat esleitzen die eskala oso txikitan eta zenbait gertakari (zulo beltzen entropia edo unibertsoaren jatorria, besteak beste) aztertzeko oinarriak ezartzen ditu.
[en] The aim of this project is the development of a data acquisition and treatment system for the experimental measuring of the position and the acceleration. On the one hand, the data acquisition will be carried out by a programmable circuit board named "Arduino". On the other hand, using the platform LabVIEW a program will be created in order to analyze the signals. Analog signals will be measured from different sensors (inclinometers and accelerometers.

[eu] Proiektu honen helburua seinalea analogikoak eskuratzeko eta tratatzeko sistemaren garapena da, azelerazioa eta posizioa esperimentalki neurtzeko asmoz. Alde batetik, seinale-eskuratzea "Arduino" deituriko plaka elektroniko programagarriaren bitartez burutuko da. Bestalde, aipaturiko seinaleak aztertzen dituen programa bat sortuko da, LabVIEW plataforma erabiliz. Sentsore desberdinetatik (inklinometroak eta azelerometroak) datozen seinale analogikoak neurtuko dira.
[en] In the Final Degree Project presented below, a collection of information about the experience of having children with autism in Early Childhood Education classrooms has been carried out. According to the definition of autism given by Barry (2018) "it is a different way of being human", and its characteristics are very different and variable depending on the person. Children with this disorder usually present deficits in the sensory area, which can be worked on through different proposals, including the sensory classroom. In order to learn more about this topic, two professionals with experience in working with children with this spectrum have been interviewed: Early Childhood Education teachers and professionals 1 working in the Navarre Autism Association. The data obtained show that having a child with autism in class is not easy for teachers, since their special characteristics require special attention.

[eu] Jarraian aurkezten den Gradu Amaierako Lanean informazio bilketa bat eraman da aurrera, autismoa duten haurrak Haur Hezkuntzako geletan izatearen esperientziaren ingurukoa. Autismoa Barry-k (2018) ematen duen definizioaren arabera "izaki izateko modu desberdin bat da", eta bere ezaugarriak oso desberdinak eta aldakorrak dira pertsonaren arabera. Nahasmen hau daukaten haurrek, eremu sentsorialan defizitak izaten ohi dituzte, eta hauek, proposamen desberdinen bitartez landu daitezke, haien artean, gela sentsorial. Gai honen inguruan gehiago jakiteko asmoz, espektro hau daukaten haurrekin lan egiten esperientzia duten profesionalak elkarrizketatu dira: Haur Hezkuntzako irakasle eta Nafarroako Autismo Elkartean lan egiten duen profesionalak. Lortutako datuek erakusten dute, autismoa duen haur bat gelan izatea ez dela bat ere erraza irakasleentzako, hauen ezaugarri berezi horiek arreta berezia eskatzen dute eta.
[en] Police investigation in computing takes place when a computer -or a computer process– is implied in a crime, as a mean or as a victim. This kind of crime requires the existence of a physical or logical access to a computer system, and the subsequent investigation will focus on direct or indirect evidence. Therefore, requirements for an effective police investigation in computer crimes are: the existence of an allegedly criminal proved event, establishing a crime scene, and protecting existing evidence.

[eu] Talde edo prozesu informatiko baten inplikazioa ematen denean, nahiz baliabide nahiz "biktima" bezala, informatika eremuko polizia ikerkuntza jazotzen da. Delitu egitate hauen eremuak sarbide fisiko edo logikoa behar izaten du eta ondorengo ikerkuntza zuzeneko edo zeharkako nabaritasunean proiektatzen da. Informatikaren eremuan, polizia ikerkuntza eraginkorra betetzeko baldintzak honako hauek dira: ustez delitu den inzidentziaren existentzia, delituaren lekuko zehaztapena eta dauden nabaritasunen babesa.