# Linux çekirdeği
Linux çekirdeği, Unix benzeri açık kaynak bir monolitik işletim sistemi çekirdeğidir. Linux işletim sistemleri ailesi bu çekirdek üzerine inşa edilmiştir. Kişisel bilgisayarlar ve sunucular gibi genellikle Linux dağıtımı kullanan geleneksel bilgisayar sistemleri; router, kablosuz erişim noktaları, set üstü kutuları, smart TV'ler gibi gömülü sistemler bu çekirdeği kullanır. Android işletim sistemine sahip olan tablet bilgisayarlar, akıllı telefonlar ve akıllı saatler de ayrıca bu çekirdeğin sağladığı hizmetlerden yararlanmaktadır. Kasım 2017 itibarıyla Dünya'nın en güçlü 500 süper bilgisayarı, Linux tabanlı işletim sistemi kullanmaktadır.
Linux çekirdeği, 1991 yılında Linus Torvalds tarafından, kendi kişisel bilgisayarı için çapraz platform amacı olmaksızın tasarlanıp yapılmıştı ama daha sonraları desteklediği bilgisayar mimarileri sayısı arttırılmıştır. Linux çekirdeği, büyük donanım ve yazılım üreticilerin de aralarında bulunduğu 1.200'den fazla şirket ve 12.000'den fazla programcı tarafından katkıda bulunulmuştur.
Linux çekirdeği, Dünya'nın dört bir yanındaki katılımcılar tarafından geliştirilmektedir ve sürümüne bağlı olarak altı yıla kadar desteklenir. Günlük geliştirme tartışmaları Linux çekirdeği e-posta listesi aracılığıyla yapılmaktadır. Linux çekirdeği GNU Genel Kamu Lisansı sürüm 2 (GPLv2) altında yayınlanmaktadır.


## Sürümler.
### Zaman tüneli.
Linux çekirdeği sürümlerinin gelişimine bağlı olan zaman tüneli.
  - Not: Tarihler www.kernel.org adresinden değiştirilmeden alınmıştır.
Define $now = 11/03/2023
Define $stand = 11.03.2023
Define $width = 650
Define $warning = 540 # $width - 110
ImageSize = width:$width height:900
PlotArea = left:40 right:10 bottom:120 top:10
DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy
Period = from:01/01/1991 till:$now
TimeAxis = orientation:ver
Alignbars = justify
Legend = orientation:vertical position:bottom columns:4
  - Farbbeschreibungen (Color definitions)  
Colors =
 id:col0.0.1 value:limegreen Legend:Linux_0.1
 id:col1.0 value:yellowgreen Legend:Linux_1.0
 id:col1.1 value:drabgreen Legend:Linux_1.1
 id:col1.2 value:teal Legend:Linux_1.2
 id:col1.3 value:kelleygreen Legend:Linux_1.3
 id:colbeta-l1 value:black
 id:col2.0 value:rgb(1,0.74,0.16) Legend:Linux_2.0
 id:col2.0-l1 value:black
 id:col2.0-l2 value:rgb(1,0.92,0.74)
 id:col2.2 value:lightpurple Legend:Linux_2.2
 id:col2.2-l1 value:black
 id:col2.2-l2 value:lavender
 id:col2.4 value:oceanblue Legend:Linux_2.4
 id:col2.4-l1 value:black
 id:col2.4-l2 value:skyblue
 id:col2.6 value:green Legend:Linux_2.6
 id:col2.6-l1 value:black
 id:col2.6-l2 value:drabgreen
 id:col3.x value:red Legend:Linux_3.x
 id:col3.x-l1 value:black
 id:col3.x-l2 value:pink
 id:col4.x value:blue Legend:Linux_4.x
 id:col4.x-l1 value:black
 id:col4.x-l2 value:skyblue
 id:col5.x value:orange Legend:Linux_5.x
 id:col5.x-l1 value:black
 id:col5.x-l2 value:skyblue
 id:col6.x value:yellow Legend:Linux_6.x
 id:col6.x-l1 value:black
 id:col6.x-l2 value:skyblue
 id:colbg value:gray(0.98)
 id:colgrmaj value:gray(0.5)
 id:colgrmin value:gray(0.8)
 id:colbeta value:gray(0.8) Legend:Geliştirme_sürümleri
 id:lighttext value:rgb(0.5,0.5,0.5)
ScaleMajor = gridcolor:colgrmaj unit:year increment:1 start:01/01/1991
ScaleMinor = gridcolor:colgrmin unit:month increment:3 start:01/01/1991
BackgroundColors = canvas:colbg
PlotData=
 # 0.01-1.3 filled bar ver:0.01-0.99.15 #
 bar:0.01-1.3 width:40 from:17/09/1991 till:03/02/1994 color:col0.0.1 mark:(line,col0.0.1)
 # 0.01-1.3 filled bar ver:1.0-patch9 #
 bar:0.01-1.3 width:40 from:13/03/1994 till:16/04/1994 color:col1.0 mark:(line,col1.0)
 # 0.01-1.3 filled bar ver:1.1.0-1.1.95 #
 bar:0.01-1.3 width:40 from:06/04/1994 till:02/03/1995 color:col1.1 mark:(line,col1.1)
 # 0.01-1.3 filled bar ver:1.2.0-1.2.13 #
 bar:0.01-1.3 width:40 from:07/03/1995 till:02/08/1995 color:col1.2 mark:(line,col1.2)
 # 0.01-1.3 filled bar ver:1.3.0-1.3.100 #
 bar:0.01-1.3 width:40 from:12/06/1995 till:10/05/1996 color:col1.3 mark:(line,col1.3)
 # 0.01-1.3 important versions ver:0.01-1.3.100 #
 bar:0.01-1.3 mark:(line,black) align:center fontsize:S
 at:17/09/1991 text:"0.01" shift:(0,-12)
 at:13/03/1994 text:"1.0" shift:(0,-12)
 at:06/04/1994 text:"1.1.0" shift:(0,2)
 at:07/03/1995 text:"1.2.0"
 at:12/06/1995 text:"1.3.0"
 at:10/05/1996 text:"1.3.100" shift:(0,2)
 # pre2.0 betavers. pre2.0.1 - pre2.0.14 #
 bar:pre2.0 width:40 from:12/05/1996 till:06/06/1996 color:colbeta mark:(line,colbeta)
 # pre2.0 line & text for first & last version #
 bar:pre2.0 mark:(line,colbeta-l1) align:center fontsize:S
 at:12/05/1996 text:"pre2.0.1" shift:(0,-12)
 at:06/06/1996 text:"pre2.0.14" shift:(0,2)
 # 2.0 filled bar #
 bar:2.0 width:40 from:09/06/1996 till:08/02/2004 color:col2.0 mark:(line,col2.0)
 # 2.0 line & text for first version every year #
 bar:2.0 mark:(line,col2.0-l1) align:center fontsize:S
 at:09/06/1996 text:"2.0" shift:(0,-12)
 at:14/01/1997 text:"2.0.28"
 at:04/06/1998 text:"2.0.34"
 at:15/06/1999 text:"2.0.37"
 at:09/01/2001 text:"2.0.39"
 at:08/02/2004 text:"2.0.40" shift:(0,2)
 # 2.0 line for all other versions #
 bar:2.0 mark:(line,col2.0-l2)
 at: 03/07/1996 # 2.0.1
 at: 05/07/1996 # 2.0.2
 at: 06/07/1996 # 2.0.3
 at: 08/07/1996 # 2.0.4
 at: 10/07/1996 # 2.0.5
 at: 12/07/1996 # 2.0.6
 at: 15/07/1996 # 2.0.7
 at: 25/07/1996 # 2.0.8
 at: 26/07/1996 # 2.0.9
 at: 27/07/1996 # 2.0.10
 at: 05/08/1996 # 2.0.11
 at: 09/08/1996 # 2.0.12
 at: 16/08/1996 # 2.0.13
 at: 20/08/1996 # 2.0.14
 at: 25/08/1996 # 2.0.15
 at: 31/08/1996 # 2.0.16
 at: 02/09/1996 # 2.0.17
 at: 05/09/1996 # 2.0.18
 at: 11/09/1996 # 2.0.19
 at: 13/09/1996 # 2.0.20
 at: 20/09/1996 # 2.0.21
 at: 08/10/1996 # 2.0.22
 at: 18/10/1996 # 2.0.23
 at: 30/10/1996 # 2.0.24
 at: 08/11/1996 # 2.0.25
 at: 22/11/1996 # 2.0.26
 at: 01/12/1996 # 2.0.27
 at: 07/02/1997 # 2.0.29
 at: 08/04/1997 # 2.0.30
 at: 17/10/1997 # 2.0.31
 at: 18/11/1997 # 2.0.32
 at: 16/12/1997 # 2.0.33
 at: 13/07/1998 # 2.0.35
 at: 16/11/1998 # 2.0.36
 at: 25/08/1999 # 2.0.38
 # 2.1(dev) betavers. 2.1.0 - 2.2.0pre9 #
 bar:2.1 width:40 from:30/09/1996 till:21/01/1999 color:colbeta mark:(line,colbeta)
 # 2.1(dev) line & text for first & last version #
 bar:2.1 mark:(line,colbeta-l1) align:center fontsize:S
 at:30/09/1996 text:"2.1.0" shift:(0,-12)
 at:21/01/1999 text:"2.2.0pre9" shift:(0,2)
 # 2.2 filled bar #
 bar:2.2 width:40 from:26/01/1999 till:11/01/2005 color:col2.2 mark:(line,col2.2)
 # 2.2 line & text for first version every year #
 bar:2.2 mark:(line,col2.2-l1) align:center fontsize:S
 at:26/01/1999 text:"2.2.0" shift:(0,-12)
 at:04/01/2000 text:"2.2.14"
 at:25/03/2001 text:"2.2.19"
 at:20/05/2002 text:"2.2.21"
 at:05/03/2003 text:"2.2.24"
 at:24/02/2004 text:"2.2.26" 
 at:11/01/2005 text:"2.2.27-rc2" shift:(0,2)
 # 2.2 line for all other versions #
 bar:2.2 mark:(line,col2.2-l2)
 at:28/01/1999 # 2.2.1
 at:23/02/1999 # 2.2.2
 at:09/03/1999 # 2.2.3
 at:23/03/1999 # 2.2.4
 at:29/03/1999 # 2.2.5
 at:16/04/1999 # 2.2.6
 at:27/04/1999 # 2.2.7
 at:11/05/1999 # 2.2.8
 at:13/05/1999 # 2.2.9
 at:14/06/1999 # 2.2.10
 at:09/08/1999 # 2.2.11
 at:26/08/1999 # 2.2.12
 at:20/10/1999 # 2.2.13
 at:04/05/2000 # 2.2.15
 at:07/06/2000 # 2.2.16
 at:04/09/2000 # 2.2.17
 at:11/12/2000 # 2.2.18
 at:02/11/2001 # 2.2.20
 at:16/09/2002 # 2.2.22
 at:29/11/2002 # 2.2.23
 at:17/03/2003 # 2.2.25
 # 2.3(dev) betavers. 2.3.0 - 2.3.99pre9 #
 bar:2.3 width:40 from:11/05/1999 till:23/05/2000 color:colbeta mark:(line,colbeta)
 # 2.3(dev) line & text for first & last version #
 bar:2.3 mark:(line,colbeta-l1) align:center fontsize:S
 at:11/05/1999 text:"2.3.0" shift:(0,-12)
 at:23/05/2000 text:"2.3.99pre9" shift:(0,2)
 # 2.4 filled bar #
 bar:2.4 width:40 from:04/01/2001 till:18/12/2010 color:col2.4 mark:(line,col2.4)
 #Last version is 2.4.37.11 released 18/12/2010
 #According to http://lkml.org/lkml/2010/9/6/15 , one year without update would mean end of life
 #But as with the 2.0,2.2 and 2.6 columns, the column ends with the last base release.
 # 2.4 line & text for first version every year #
 bar:2.4 mark:(line,col2.4-l1) align:center fontsize:S
 at:04/01/2001 text:"2.4.0" shift:(0,-12)
 at:25/02/2002 text:"2.4.18"
 at:13/06/2003 text:"2.4.21"
 at:05/01/2004 text:"2.4.24"
 at:19/01/2005 text:"2.4.29"
 at:11/08/2006 text:"2.4.33"
 at:26/07/2007 text:"2.4.35"
 at:01/01/2008 text:"2.4.36"
 at:02/12/2008 text:"2.4.37"
 at:18/12/2010 text:"2.4.37.11" shift:(0,2)
 # 2.4 line for all other versions #
 bar:2.4 mark:(line,col2.4-l2)
 at:30/01/2001 # 2.4.1
 at:22/02/2001 # 2.4.2
 at:30/03/2001 # 2.4.3
 at:28/04/2001 # 2.4.4
 at:26/05/2001 # 2.4.5
 at:04/07/2001 # 2.4.6
 at:20/07/2001 # 2.4.7
 at:11/08/2001 # 2.4.8
 at:16/08/2001 # 2.4.9
 at:23/09/2001 # 2.4.10
 at:09/10/2001 # 2.4.11
 at:11/10/2001 # 2.4.12
 at:24/10/2001 # 2.4.13
 at:05/11/2001 # 2.4.14
 at:23/11/2001 # 2.4.15
 at:26/11/2001 # 2.4.16
 at:21/12/2001 # 2.4.17
 at:03/08/2002 # 2.4.19
 at:28/11/2002 # 2.4.20
 at:25/08/2003 # 2.4.22
 at:28/11/2003 # 2.4.23
 at:18/02/2004 # 2.4.25
 at:14/04/2004 # 2.4.26
 at:07/08/2004 # 2.4.27
 at:17/11/2004 # 2.4.28
 at:04/04/2005 # 2.4.30
 at:01/06/2005 # 2.4.31
 at:16/11/2005 # 2.4.32
 at:23/12/2006 # 2.4.34
 # at:02/12/2008 # 2.4.37
 # 2.5(dev) betavers. 2.5.0-2.5.75 (2.4.15=2.5.0) #
 bar:2.5 width:40 from:23/11/2001 till:10/06/2003 color:colbeta mark:(line,colbeta)
 # 2.5(dev) line & text for first & last version #
 bar:2.5 mark:(line,colbeta-l1) align:center fontsize:S
 at:23/11/2001 text:"2.5.0" shift:(0,-12)
 at:10/07/2003 text:"2.5.75" shift:(0,2)
 # 2.6 filled bar #
 bar:2.6 width:40 from:18/12/2003 till:03/08/2011 color:col2.6 mark:(line,col2.6)
 # 2.6 line & text for first version every year #
 bar:2.6 mark:(line,col2.6-l1) align:center fontsize:S
 at:18/12/2003 text:"2.6.0" shift:(0,-12)
 at:09/01/2004 text:"2.6.1"
 at:02/03/2005 text:"2.6.11"
 at:03/01/2006 text:"2.6.15"
 at:04/02/2007 text:"2.6.20"
 at:24/01/2008 text:"2.6.24"
 at:23/03/2009 text:"2.6.29"
 at:24/02/2010 text:"2.6.33"
 at:05/01/2011 text:"2.6.37"
  - at:19/05/2011 text:"2.6.39"
 at:03/08/2011 text:"2.6.39.4" shift:(0,2)
 # 2.6 line for all other versions #
 bar:2.6 mark:(line,col2.6-l2)
 at:04/02/2004 # 2.6.2
 at:18/02/2004 # 2.6.3
 at:11/03/2004 # 2.6.4
 at:04/04/2004 # 2.6.5
 at:10/05/2004 # 2.6.6
 at:16/06/2004 # 2.6.7
 at:14/08/2004 # 2.6.8
 at:19/10/2004 # 2.6.9
 at:24/12/2004 # 2.6.10
 at:17/06/2005 # 2.6.12
 at:29/08/2005 # 2.6.13
 at:28/10/2005 # 2.6.14
 at:20/03/2006 # 2.6.16
 at:18/06/2006 # 2.6.17
 at:20/09/2006 # 2.6.18
 at:29/11/2006 # 2.6.19
 at:26/04/2007 # 2.6.21
 at:08/07/2007 # 2.6.22
 at:09/10/2007 # 2.6.23
 at:17/04/2008 # 2.6.25
 at:13/07/2008 # 2.6.26
 at:09/10/2008 # 2.6.27
 at:24/12/2008 # 2.6.28
 at:10/06/2009 # 2.6.30
 at:09/09/2009 # 2.6.31
 at:03/12/2009 # 2.6.32
  - at:24/02/2010   2.6.33
 at:16/05/2010 # 2.6.34
 at:01/08/2010 # 2.6.35 
 at:20/10/2010 # 2.6.36
  - at:05/01/2011   2.6.37
 at:15/03/2011 # 2.6.38
  - at:19/05/2011   2.6.39
 # 3.x Graph #
 bar:3.x width:40 from:22/07/2011 till:11/05/2015 color:col3.x mark:(line,col3.x)
 # 3.x-Graph & Text für frühe Versionen #
 bar:3.x mark:(line,col3.x-l1) align:center fontsize:S
 at:22/07/2011 text:"3.0" shift:(0,-12)
 at:04/01/2012 text:"3.2"
  - at:20/05/2012 text:"3.4" shift:(0,-4)
  - at:21/07/2012 text:"3.5"
  - at:30/09/2012 text:"3.6"
  - at:11/12/2012 text:"3.7"
 at:18/02/2013 text:"3.8"
  - at:29/04/2013 text:"3.9"
  - at:30/06/2013 text:"3.10"
  - at:02/09/2013 text:"3.11"
  - at:03/11/2013 text:"3.12"
 at:20/01/2014 text:"3.13"
  - at:31/03/2014 text:"3.14"
  - at:08/06/2014 text:"3.15"
  - at:03/08/2014 text:"3.16"
  - at:05/10/2014 text:"3.17"
  - at:07/12/2014 text:"3.18"
  - at:09/02/2015 text:"3.19"
 at:11/05/2015 text:"3.19.8" shift:(0,2)
 # 3.x-Graph für alle weiteren Versionen #
 bar:3.x mark:(line,col3.x-l2)
  - at:22/07/2011   3.0
 at:24/10/2011 # 3.1
  - at:04/01/2012   3.2
 at:18/03/2012 # 3.3
 at:20/05/2012 # 3.4
 at:21/07/2012 # 3.5
 at:30/09/2012 # 3.6
 at:11/12/2012 # 3.7
  - at:18/02/2013   3.8
 at:29/04/2013 # 3.9
 at:30/06/2013 # 3.10
 at:02/09/2013 # 3.11
 at:03/11/2013 # 3.12
  - at:20/01/2014   3.13
 at:31/03/2014 # 3.14
 at:08/06/2014 # 3.15
 at:03/08/2014 # 3.16
 at:03/10/2014 # 3.17
 at:07/12/2014 # 3.18
  - at:09/02/2015   3.19
 # 4.x Graph #
 bar:4.x width:40 from:12/04/2015 till:23/12/2018 color:col4.x mark:(line,col4.x)
 # 4.x-Graph & Text für frühe Versionen #
 bar:4.x mark:(line,col4.x-l1) align:center fontsize:S
 at:12/04/2015 text:"4.0" shift:(0,-12)
  - at:22/06/2015 text:"4.1"
  - at:30/08/2015 text:"4.2"
  - at:02/11/2015 text:"4.3"
 at:10/01/2016 text:"4.4"
  - at:14/03/2016 text:"4.5"
  - at:15/05/2016 text:"4.6"
  - at:24/07/2016 text:"4.7"
  - at:02/10/2016 text:"4.8"
  - at:11/12/2016 text:"4.9"
 at:19/02/2017 text:"4.10"
  - at:01/05/2017 text:"4.11"
  - at:02/07/2017 text:"4.12"
  - at:03/09/2017 text:"4.13"
  - at:12/11/2017 text:"4.14"
 at:28/01/2018 text:"4.15"
  - at:01/04/2018 text:"4.16"
  - at:03/06/2018 text:"4.17"
  - at:12/08/2018 text:"4.18" 
  - at:22/10/2018 text:"4.19"
 at:23/12/2018 text:"4.20"
 # 4.x-Graph für alle weiteren Versionen #
 bar:4.x mark:(line,col4.x-l2)
  - at:12/04/2015   4.0
 at:22/06/2015 # 4.1
 at:30/08/2015 # 4.2
 at:02/11/2015 # 4.3
  - at:10/01/2016   4.4
 at:14/03/2016 # 4.5
 at:15/05/2016 # 4.6
 at:24/07/2016 # 4.7
 at:02/10/2016 # 4.8
 at:11/12/2016 # 4.9
  - at:19/02/2017   4.10
 at:01/05/2017 # 4.11
 at:02/07/2017 # 4.12
 at:03/09/2017 # 4.13
 at:12/11/2017 # 4.14
  - at:28/01/2018   4.15
 at:01/04/2018 #4.16
 at:03/06/2018 #4.17
 at:12/08/2018 #4.18
 at:22/10/2018 #4.19
  - at:23/12/2018  4.20
 # 5.x Graph #
 bar:5.x width:40 from:03/03/2019 till:$now color:col5.x mark:(line,col5.x)
 # 5.x-Graph & Text für frühe Versionen #
 bar:5.x mark:(line,col5.x-l1) align:center fontsize:S
 at:03/03/2019 text:"5.0" shift:(0,-12)
  - at:06/05/2019 text:"5.1"
  - at:07/07/2019 text:"5.2"
  - at:15/09/2019 text:"5.3"
  - at:24/11/2019 text:"5.4"
 at:27/01/2020 text:"5.5"
  - at:29/03/2020 text:"5.6"
  - at:31/05/2020 text:"5.7"
  - at:02/08/2020 text:"5.8"
  - at:11/10/2020 text:"5.9"
  - at:13/12/2020 text:"5.10"
 at:14/02/2021 text:"5.11"
  - at:25/04/2021 text:"5.12"
  - at:28/06/2021 text:"5.13"
  - at:29/08/2021 text:"5.14"
  - at:31/10/2021 text:"5.15"
 at:09/01/2022 text:"5.16"
  - at:20/03/2022 text:"5.17"
  - at:22/05/2022 text:"5.18"
  - at:31/07/2022 text:"5.19"
 # 5.x-Graph für alle weiteren Versionen #
 bar:5.x mark:(line,col5.x-l2)
  - at:03/03/2019  5.0
 at:06/05/2019 #5.1
 at:07/07/2019 #5.2
 at:15/09/2019 #5.3
 at:24/11/2019 #5.4
  - at:27/01/2020  5.5
 at:29/03/2020 #5.6
 at:31/05/2020 #5.7
 at:02/08/2020 #5.8
 at:11/10/2020 #5.9
 at:13/12/2020 #5.10
  - at:14/02/2021  5.11
 at:25/04/2021 #5.12
 at:28/06/2021 #5.13
 at:29/08/2021 #5.14
 at:31/10/2021 #5.15
  - at:09/01/2022  5.16
 at:20/03/2022 #5.17
 at:22/05/2022 #5.18
 at:31/07/2022 #5.19
 # 6.x Graph #
 bar:6.x width:40 from:02/10/2022 till:$now color:col6.x mark:(line,col6.x)
 # 6.x-Graph & Text für frühe Versionen #
 bar:6.x mark:(line,col6.x-l1) align:center fontsize:S
 at:02/10/2022 text:"6.0" shift:(0,-12)
  - at:11/12/2022 text:"6.1" shift:(0,-12)
 at:19/02/2023 text:"6.2" shift:(0,-12)
 # 6.x-Graph für alle weiteren Versionen #
 bar:6.x mark:(line,col6.x-l2)
  - at:02/10/2022  6.0
 at:11/12/2022 #6.1
  - at:19/02/2023  6.2
TextData =
 fontsize:S
 textcolor:lighttext
 pos:($warning,20)
 text:Stand $stand
  - Ref: "https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/" ve "https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v3.x/"