# The Greater Manchester Emissions Inventory 2010 Update Hfas Report 1750      June 2013

## Summary

This report describes the 2010 update of the atmospheric emissions inventory for Greater Manchester, EMIGMA. The 
2010 database continues with the revised methods and procedures for collecting and calculating the emissions introduced for the 2005 update for most sources. As part of the continuous improvement of the EMIGMA inventory a web-based system has been developed to collect the Part A and B processes data. 

## Contents

1. 
Introduction ......................................................................................................... 4 
2. 
The 2010 Update ................................................................................................ 5 
3. 
Methodology for the 2010 Update 
....................................................................... 6 
3.1 
Road Sources 
.................................................................................................................... 
6 
3.1.1 
The Major Roads Update 
.............................................................................................. 
6 
3.1.2 
Minor Roads Emissions .............................................................................................. 
13 
3.1.3 
Hot Soaks 
.................................................................................................................... 
14 
3.1.4 
Cold Starts .................................................................................................................. 
15 
3.1.5 
Road Transport Other ................................................................................................. 
16 
3.2 
Point Sources .................................................................................................................. 
17 
3.3 
Rail Sources .................................................................................................................... 
19 
3.4 
Bus Stations .................................................................................................................... 
20 
3.5 
Domestic and Commercial Combustion 
.......................................................................... 
21 
3.5.1 
Domestic Combustion 
................................................................................................. 
21 
3.5.2 
Commercial Combustion 
............................................................................................. 
21 
3.6 
Electricity Generation ...................................................................................................... 
23 
3.7 
Aviation 
............................................................................................................................ 
24 
3.8 
Area Sources 
................................................................................................................... 
25 
3.9 
Agricultural Combustion .................................................................................................. 
26 
3.10 
Land use, land-use change and forestry 
......................................................................... 
27 
4. 
Results of the 2010 Update 
............................................................................... 28 
4.1 
Road Transport................................................................................................................ 
28 
4.2 
Point Sources .................................................................................................................. 
33 
4.3 
Rail Sources .................................................................................................................... 
34 
4.4 
Bus Stations .................................................................................................................... 
34 
4.5 
Domestic and Commercial Combustion 
.......................................................................... 
35 
4.5.1 
Domestic Combustion 
................................................................................................. 
35 
4.5.2 
Commercial Combustion 
............................................................................................. 
35 
4.6 
Electricity Generation ...................................................................................................... 
36 
4.7 
Aviation 
............................................................................................................................ 
36 
4.8 
Area Sources 
................................................................................................................... 
37 
4.9 
Agricultural Combustion .................................................................................................. 
37 
4.10 
Land use, land-use change and forestry 
......................................................................... 
38 
4.11 
Total Emissions ............................................................................................................... 
39 
5. 
References 
........................................................................................................ 62 
Appendices .............................................................................................................. 64 
Appendix 1 
Maps of emissions from all sources ....................................................................... 
65 
Appendix 2 
Emission Factors and Road Traffic Expansion factors 
........................................... 
79 
Appendix 3 
Emission Factors for Domestic and Commercial Combustion ............................. 
100 
Appendix 4 
Emission Factors for Light Aircraft and Helicopters ............................................. 
103 
Appendix 5 
Emission Factors for Agriculture 
........................................................................... 
104 
Appendix 6 
Emission Factors for Rail 
...................................................................................... 
105 
Appendix 7 
Associated Files 
.................................................................................................... 
106 
Appendix 8 
Sample from the EMIGMA website and Emission Factor Handbook 
................... 
108 

 

## 1. Introduction

The original EMIGMA database was compiled by the London Research Centre (LRC) and RSK Radian on behalf of the Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions (DETR) Air and Environment Quality Research Programme. Released in June 1997, it represents the second of a series of atmospheric emissions inventories covering many of the UK's major urban and industrial zones (Buckingham et al, 1997). The emissions inventory contains information on the emissions of pollutants identified in the UK's Air Quality Strategy from all identifiable sources in the area. The emissions sources are grouped into three broad categories: 

 stationary point sources - predominantly industrial processes  mobile line sources - road, rail and air transportation  area sources - other influential sources, such as domestic emissions, which it 
is not practical to resolve to point or line representations but which are nevertheless collectively significant.  These sources are essentially population based and include, for example, combustion and solvent usage related emissions from domestic houses.  They also include hot soaks vehicle emissions, which are based on estimates of vehicle destinations in each of 864 transport model zones making up Greater Manchester. 
 
The emissions are then aggregated to a 1km2 grid covering Greater Manchester. 

Highways Forecasting and Analytical Services (HFAS)1 was commissioned on behalf of the Greater Manchester Local Authorities to undertake an update of the EMIGMA emissions inventory for a base year of 2010. The updates prior to 2004 were undertaken by the Centre for Air Transport and the Environment (CATE), formerly called ARIC. 

The 2010 EMIGMA database covers an area of 1272 km2 encompassing the ten administrative districts of Greater Manchester. The database allows the magnitude and spatial distribution of emissions across Greater Manchester to be investigated and enables the relative importance of different sources of air pollution to be examined. The emissions data has a further role in providing the basis for dispersion modelling exercises and air quality management planning. In conjunction with transport models it also provides the basis for forecasting air quality and determining the effects of changes in land use planning and transportation policies on mass emissions. Accompanying this report is a set of data and Geographical Information System (GIS) files showing emissions broken down by individual 1km grid squares. See Appendix 7 for details. 

1 On 1st April 2011 the Greater Manchester Transportation Unit (GMTU) became part of Transport for Greater Manchester (TfGM) and was renamed Highways Forecasting and Analytical Services 
(HFAS). 


## 2. The 2010 Update

Following the handover of responsibility for updating EMIGMA from CATE to HFAS the methodology employed in creating the emissions inventory was reviewed. The industrial Part A and Part B processes2 form a major component of the EMIGMA 
database. As the documentation from the previous EMIGMA updates was limited and HFAS lacked expertise in this area the update of the Part A and the Part B processes was contracted to Royal Haskoning. Royal Haskoning categorised the processes using a similar system to the Source Categorisation Codes used by the EMEP/Corinair atmospheric emission inventories. Royal Haskoning produced a series of Microsoft Excel templates for the 2005 update. Since the 2006 update HFAS has used these templates as the basis for a series of web-based forms which can be used by Districts to enter the point source data. A number of tasks have been carried out by HFAS for the 2010 update in relation to the maintenance, improvement and update of the Greater Manchester emissions inventory : 

 update of the part A and part B emission factors from the NAEI data 
warehouse (NAEI, Reference 14) 
 update and recalculation of domestic emissions  update and recalculation of commercial combustion emissions using a revised 
methodology; 
 update and recalculation of bus stations emissions  update of airport related emissions  update and recalculation of point sources emissions  update and recalculation of major roads emissions  update and recalculation of minor roads emissions  update and recalculation of hot soaks emissions  update and recalculation of cold starts emissions  update and recalculation of rail emissions  update and recalculation of agricultural emissions 
 update of CO2 from electricity generation at the point of use 
 update of land use, land use change and forestry emissions of CO2 
 update of CO2 from other road sources - the combustion of waste lubricants 
and emissions from LPG vehicles 
 update and recalculation of CO2 emissions from agricultural combustion 
 an update of the inventory for 2010 
 
The enhancements to the inventory associated with CO2 emissions have been implemented to ensure that EMIGMA is capable of satisfying AGMA's requirements for monitoring carbon emissions within GM or attributable to GM in the case of electricity consumption. This report gives details of the maintenance and update activities that have been undertaken by HFAS and presents the results of the 2010 EMIGMA update. 

## 3. Methodology For The 2010 Update 3.1 Road Sources

Road traffic emissions have been estimated using emission factors from the National Atmospheric Emissions Inventory website, in association with traffic speed and flow data from the Greater Manchester Saturn model. Separate estimates of vehicle emissions were calculated for: 

 Major Roads - representing warm running emissions from vehicles traveling 
on major roads represented in the Saturn model  
 Minor Roads - representing warm running emissions from vehicles traveling 
on local roads that are not represented in the Saturn model  
 Cold Starts - representing extra emissions caused by cold-running engines at 
the start of each journey 
 Hot soaks (evaporative emissions) - representing extra emissions emanating 
from a hot engine after switching off at the end of each journey. 
The calculation of the road traffic emissions is described in the remainder of this section. The section is organised as follows. Section 3.1.1 describes the major roads update. The calculation of the minor road emissions is described in Section 3.1.2. The calculation of the hot soak emissions is described in Section 3.1.3. Section 3.1.4 describes how cold start emissions were estimated. The references are contained in Section 5. The emission factors and road traffic expansion factors are shown in Appendix 2. 

## 3.1.1 The Major Roads Update 3.1.1.1 Description Of The Traffic Model

The major roads update made use of traffic speed and flow data from the 2010 Greater Manchester SATURN Model, (GMSM, Reference 1), which covers all of Greater Manchester and the surrounding area. The model has two main components comprising: 

 The highway networks, which represent the roads and junctions used by 
traffic and bus services 
 The trip matrices, which represent the demand for travel and the flow of 
vehicles between the zones in the model. 
The highway networks that are used with the model represent all roads of traffic significance within the Greater Manchester, including all motorways, A roads and B roads. The networks also include all of the yellow coloured roads on the Ordnance Survey's Landranger maps of the area, and all roads carrying known bus services. The network outside the county is represented in much less detail, and becomes increasingly less dense with increasing distance from the county boundary. The highway network within Greater Manchester is coded in full Saturn 'simulation' format, and includes detailed junction data including, for example, information about permitted turning movements, lane usage (including the locations of bus lanes) and details of traffic signal settings. This allows the interaction of traffic at junctions and the resulting delays and queues to be accurately modelled.  Outside the county, the network is coded in Saturn 'buffer' format. The roads in this part of the model are represented in less detail than in the simulation network, and only include information about link attributes as opposed to the detailed junction information required for the simulation network. The modelled area is split into 993 zones, comprising 864 zones within Greater Manchester and 129 zones outside the county. The zones inside the county are the most detailed, formed by splitting local authority wards into areas with similar trip making characteristics. (The outputs from the model can, therefore, be aggregated to wards and then districts if necessary). The zones outside the county are generally larger, and become increasingly large with increasing distance from the county boundary. The GMSM trip matrices contain representations of all vehicle trips with an origin or destination inside Greater Manchester, and all external-to-external trips that cross the county boundary. The matrices also include partial representations of other external-to-external trips that do not enter Greater Manchester, but which are required to model the routing of trips into and out of the county. Separate matrices are maintained for car, Light Goods Vehicle (LGV- goods vehicles up to 3.5 tonnes gross vehicle weight) and Other Goods Vehicle (OGV- goods vehicles over 3.5 tonnes gross vehicle weight) trips, for the morning peak hour (0800-0900), the evening peak hour (1700-1800) and an average inter-peak hour for the period 1000-1530. For modelling purposes, the separate vehicle matrices are combined to form Passenger Car Unit (PCU) matrices for assignment to the highway networks. Assignment is the name given to the process by which the vehicles travelling between each pair of zones in the model are loaded onto the routes between the zones as determined by the model's routeing algorithm. Buses are not assigned, as they follow fixed routes, but are included in the networks as fixed link loads. 

## 3.1.1.2 Traffic Assignments

Loaded network files for input to the EMIGMA database were created by assigning the separate 2010 PCU vehicle matrices to the highway networks, which were then converged. This is an iterative process, that includes a looped sequence of steps, in which the routes between the zones in the traffic model are determined, the movements between these zones in the trip matrices are loaded onto the network, the network link speeds are re-calculated using the flow-delay relationships within the model, new routes are determined etc. until the traffic flows and link speeds do not change significantly from one iteration to the next. Once the networks had been converged, the assigned PCU flows for the separate car, LGV and OGV matrices were converted back to vehicles and saved in a format suitable for input to the EMIGMA database using software written by HFAS. 

## 3.1.1.3 Updating The Assigned Flows With Counts

To improve the accuracy of the road traffic emission estimates, the modelled flows from the converged highway networks were replaced with traffic counts from HFAS's COUNTS database (Reference 2), for all roads where counts were available. This involved checking the count data and identifying all car, LGV, OGV and bus counts undertaken on the roads represented in the Saturn model between 1 January 2008 and the present day. The 1st January 2008 was chosen for the earliest count date to exclude older counts that might be unreliable due to changes in travel patterns and traffic flows over time. In total, counts were found for approximately 35 per cent of the links in the simulation network, representing 42 per cent of the network mileage. Most of these were on the busier links, which produce the largest volumes of emissions, as shown in Figure 3.1. The GMSM models traffic flows on a typical weekday, assumed to be an October average weekday. When more than one count was available for a link, therefore, the count undertaken closest in time to 1st October 2010 was chosen. The selected counts were then factored to the 2010 October average weekday using local count conversion factors developed by HFAS, (Reference 4), and were then copied onto the modelling networks. Finally, the network link speeds were made compatible with the counted link flows using the flow-delay relationships from the traffic model, prior to copying the networks into the EMIGMA database. 

## 3.1.1.4 Bus Speed Factors

The EMIGMA database includes a procedure for applying bus-speed adjustment factors, to allow link speeds for buses to be reduced, to take into account the fact that buses stop more frequently and travel more slowly than other road vehicles. The bus-speed factors were estimated by comparing observed bus and car journey times on equivalent routes in HFAS's road traffic journey time databases GMTimes and GMBusTimes (Reference 5). The calculated factors are shown below in Table 3.1. 

## 3.1.1.5 Emission Estimates

Separate estimates of traffic emissions were derived for the following seven pollutants: 

 VOCs  CO 
 CO2 as C3 
 NOX  SO2 
 NO2 
 PM10 
 
Please note that emissions of Benzene and Butadiene are no longer estimated since warm-running emission factors for these pollutants are no longer available. A new pollutant has been included: NO2. Emissions of this pollutant are estimated using factors that describe the proportion of NOX emitted as NO2. 

Forecasts were produced by vehicle type and time period for each link in the highway network using:  

 the link length  the link flow by vehicle type (cars, LGVs, OGVs, buses, motorcycles)  the link speed  a table describing the composition of the vehicle fleet in terms of vehicle type, 
emission standard and method of propulsion 
 a table giving emission factors by 5 kph speed band. 
 
Information about the fleet composition was obtained from two sources: 

 the National Atmospheric Emissions Inventory (NAEI) fleet composition 
projections, (Reference 7), which provide details of the percentage of vehicles complying with different emission standards as well as the petrol/diesel car/LGV split 
 details of rigid and articulated heavy goods vehicle flows by road type for 2010 
from HFAS's traffic counts database (GMCOUNTS, Reference 2) 
 
 The emission factors were calculated by combining the fleet composition projections with speed emission coefficients from the NAEI website (Reference 14). The calculated factors are shown in Table A2.1-Table A2.16 of Appendix 2. The fleet composition data are shown in Table A2.17. The emission totals for the modelled hours were expanded to annual totals using the hour-to-period and period-to-day factors shown in Table A2.18. The calculated totals for all road sources are shown in Table 4.1 and for major roads only in Table 4.2, broken down by road type. Table 4.3 and Table 4.4 present motorway emissions and Table 4.5 presents all major roads emissions broken down by vehicle type. Table 4.6 presents the results broken down by District. Modelled annual vehicle kilometre totals on motorways and other roads are shown in Table 3.2 and Table 3.3. GMTU Report 1654 (Reference 9) contains more detailed information on traffic flows and traffic growth.  

## 2010 Bus Speed Adjustment Factors

| Time Period     |   Factor |
|-----------------|----------|
|                 |          |
| AM Peak Period  |    0.707 |
| Off-Peak Period |    0.667 |
| PM Peak Period  |    0.765 |

 Notes These factors are used to adjust bus speeds, to take into account that buses stop more frequently and travel more slowly than other road vehicles. For example, if a link has a modelled link speed of 20 kph and the bus speed factor is set equal to 0.75, it is assumed that cars, LGVs and OGVs travel at 20 kph along the link, whilst buses travel at 20*0.75 = 15 kph. 

## Table 3.2

Annual Vehicle Kilometres (Millions) 
District 
Car 
LGV 
OGV 
Bus 
All 
Motors 
Bolton 
419 
73 
61 
1.4 
557 
Bury 
568 
103 
89 
2.1 
765 
Manchester 
478 
83 
68 
1.8 
633 
Oldham 
138 
25 
20 
0.6 
184 
Rochdale 
620 
112 
98 
2.4 
836 
Salford 
850 
151 
133 
3.3 
1142 
Stockport 
352 
63 
53 
1.3 
471 
Tameside 
291 
52 
44 
1.1 
390 
Trafford 
319 
56 
43 
0.9 
421 
Wigan 
434 
76 
67 
1.6 
581 
Total 
4,471 
795 
677 
16.5 
5,979 

 Notes The all motors figures include motorcycles. 

Annual Vehicle Kilometres (Millions) 
District 
Car 
LGV 
OGV 
Bus 
All 
Motors 
Bolton 
889 
131 
36 
13.0 
1,076 
Bury 
520 
69 
19 
8.1 
619 
Manchester 
1,341 
177 
48 
37.6 
1,614 
Oldham 
616 
91 
29 
11.2 
752 
Rochdale 
563 
81 
24 
9.1 
681 
Salford 
694 
115 
42 
11.7 
868 
Stockport 
926 
115 
37 
11.1 
1,095 
Tameside 
566 
90 
27 
9.9 
697 
Trafford 
695 
92 
27 
9.2 
828 
Wigan 
938 
145 
52 
15.2 
1,157 
Total 
7,747 
1,105 
342 
136.1 
9,386 

 Notes The all motors figures include motorcycles. 

 

## 3.1.2 Minor Roads Emissions

Minor roads emissions are calculated separately from emissions on major roads, as minor road traffic flows are not available from the GMSM. Instead, emissions on minor roads are calculated using a traffic modelling procedure that makes use of SATURN buffer networks built from information held in the Integrated Transport Network layer (ITN) of the Ordnance Survey's MasterMap system, and isolated trip matrices formed using trip end totals from the trip matrices used with the GMSM (Reference 11). Full details of the procedure are given in Reference 11. Briefly, however, the process involves building separate SATURN buffer networks from data held in the ITN for each of the 864 zones within Greater Manchester that are represented in the Saturn model. Any roads in the ITN that are also represented in the GMSM network are then discarded, to leave networks that only contain 'minor' roads that are not represented in the countywide model. Next, centroid connector links, (themselves attached to zones), are coded into each of the ITN minor road networks, so that trips that end in the associated GMSM zone can be loaded onto the network at the points representing junctions of major roads with minor roads, and can be taken off the network at points representing junctions of minor roads with other minor roads, or the terminal points of minor roads. The trips that begin in the GMSM zone are loaded onto the minor road network at the minor road junctions and are taken off the network at the major road junctions, where the minor road network provides access to the major road links represented in the Saturn model. This procedure is reversed for trips that destinate in the GMSM zone. The assignment matrices that are used with the procedure are formed using trip end totals from the GMSM trip matrices, giving the total number vehicle trips that begin and end in each of the zones represented in the Saturn model. For each GMSM zone and minor road network in turn, the trips that end in the zone are split equally between the coded internal zones representing the minor road junctions, so that an equal number of trips are taken off the network at each of these points. The origins of these external to internal trips are coded to a single (external) zone representing the major road junctions, (which are coded into the network using multiple centroid connector links), so that the assignment model determines the precise number of trips that are loaded onto the minor road network at each point providing access from the major road system. A similar approach is adopted for distributing the internal to external trips that begin in the GMSM zones, although in this case the trips that begin in the zones are split equally between the internal minor road zones, so that equal numbers of trips join the minor road network at each of the minor road junctions. All of the trip destinations are coded to the external zone representing the major road junctions, so that the assignment model determines the number trips that leave the minor road network at each of the junctions that provide access to the major road system. Separate matrices are formed for car, LGV and OGV trips, for each of the three time periods represented by the GMSM. The matrices are assigned to the highway network and the network converged, to provide estimates of traffic speeds and flows on each of the roads represented in the network. The assigned flows are then processed in a similar way to that described for major roads, using the fleet composition, road traffic expansion and speed related emission factors shown in Appendix 2 to calculate annual emission totals for each link. The calculated minor road emissions are shown in Table 4.7, broken down by vehicle type. Emission totals by District are shown in Table 4.8. 

## 3.1.3 Hot Soaks

Hot soak (or evaporative) emissions are the emissions that result when a hot engine is turned off. Heat from the engine and exhaust system increases the temperature of the fuel in the system that is no longer flowing. Carburettor float bowls are particularly significant source of hot soak emissions. Hot soak emissions were estimated for cars and LGVs by applying vehicle specific emission factors to trip end totals calculated from the GMSM. Hourly trip end estimates for petrol and diesel powered vehicles were then estimated using the fleet composition data shown in Table A2.17 of Appendix 2. The fleet-weighted 2008 hot soak emission factors were obtained from the NAEI website (Reference 14). From these emission factors, new factors for 2010 were estimated by applying the change between 2008 and 2010 of the equivalent warmrunning emission factors. The 2010 factors are shown in Table A2.20. The factors were used to calculate emission totals by hour, which were then expanded to give annual totals using the expansion factors shown in Table A2.18. The calculated totals are shown in Table 4.9, broken down by vehicle type.  

## 3.1.4 Cold Starts

Cold start emissions represent the additional emissions produced by vehicles until they reach their normal operating temperature. These emissions have been estimated using cold start emission factors (per trip values) from the NAEI website for petrol and diesel cars and LGVS, as shown in Table A2.19. The lack of emission factors for other vehicle types, including OGVs and buses, implies that these vehicles never or rarely experience cold starts. For the majority of such vehicles this is likely to be true, since engines cool slowly and commercial vehicles are used more intensively than cars and light vans. Furthermore, these vehicle types form only a small part of the total vehicle fleet and the relatively small numbers of journeys they make are considerably longer than those made by cars and LGVs. In earlier versions of the EMIGMA database, all cold start emissions were assumed to arise at the trip's origin zone centroid, which were then allocated to 1km2 grid squares along with the link based major and minor roads emissions described earlier. In practice, however, for most vehicles, their cold start emissions will be spread over the links they traverse until the engine is warm and, in many cases, the majority of these emissions will occur outside the origin zone. The development of GMSM presented an opportunity to improve the modelling of cold start emissions by making use of a traffic assignment procedure to allow emissions to be allocated to links in the major road network. The procedure uses a traffic assignment option within Saturn that allows trips to be assigned for only part of their routes, defined in terms of distance from their origins. It is possible, therefore, to model the first n metres of a vehicle's journey, when the engine is still cold. (Our current best estimate of the distance travelled with a cold engine is 1,932m, as described in Reference 12). The modelling procedure correctly accounts for the situation where the nth metre is reached mid-link by loading only a proportion of the trip on the link. For example, if the nth metre point occurs halfway along a link then only half a trip is loaded on to the link. Full details of the procedure are given in Reference 13. The cold start emissions were estimated for each of the modelled hours and vehicle types represented by the Saturn model, and were then expanded to give annual totals using the expansion factors shown in Table A2.18. The calculated cold start emissions are shown in Table 4.9, broken down by vehicle type. Cold start emissions by District are shown in Table 4.10. 

## 3.1.5 Road Transport Other

There are two other small sources of emissions from road traffic included in the inventory. These are combustion of waste lubricants and emissions from LPG vehicles. Both of these sources are distributed across LAs using estimates of total vehicle kilometres calculated from the NAEI maps of traffic flows. Data from DECC 
was obtained for the local emissions of CO2 from these two sources at a district level 
(Reference 24). The results are shown in Table 4.1 
 

## 3.2 Point Sources

The method for collecting, storing and calculating emissions from point source data was completely revised for the 2005 EMIGMA update. Royal Haskoning were commissioned to review the current procedures for calculating industrial emissions and to develop a new system based on traceable and verifiable emission factors. They produced a series of Excel templates, one for each process, and an accompanying handbook (Reference 19). The handbook describes the activities, emissions, emission factors and source of the emission factors for each process. The templates prompt the user to enter the relevant activity data e.g. the amount of output produced as opposed to the amount of input material. The factors are embedded in the templates so the calculated emissions are displayed and can be checked when the activity data is entered. A system for rating the data quality and reliability of both the generic emission factors and the specific industry activity information was introduced, in order to derive a qualitative system for scaling the overall uncertainty.  This in turn can be used in future updates to prioritise efforts and resources towards improving the data with the greatest uncertainties. More details can be found in Royal Haskonings final report (Reference 20) and a sample from the handbook can be found in Appendix 8. Building on the work done by Royal Haskoning, these templates were used as a basis for a web-based data entry system. The new system allows the user to enter and check new sites and processes online from any location. The system has a mapping element that enables the user to locate the site on a map and automatically generate an accurate grid reference. The system administrator can see the current progress of data entry for each district and can add and amend factors and processes, which become immediately available to the user. Appendix 8 contains a sample EMIGMA website data entry screen. Figure 3.2 shows the locations of all of the point source data. 

 
Part A and B processes, boiler and petrol station locations
2 Piccadilly Place, Manchester, M1 3BG

Drawn By : I Hull
                                        Scale : Not applicable
                                                                                 Date : 25/06/2013
                                                                                                                          Figure 3.2

## 3.3 Rail Sources

The rail data has been updated and recalculated for 2010. Train movement data was obtained from Network Rail from the ACTRAFF database for the period 13th December 2009 to 9th January 2010. ACTRAFF is a database recording the actual traffic movement across the rail network. The data contains the number of movements on each section of track broken down by traction class - locomotives and diesel multiple units (DMU's). Electric multiple units were also included but were not included in the calculations as the electricity data has already been included in section 3.6. The data also included a comprehensive breakdown on the number of wagons, but this data was not used in the emissions calculations as the emissions factors assume an 'average' load. The first step was to draw the rail network in our geographic information system (GIS) broken down by the each of the 398 sections listed in the ACTRAFF data. Factors were obtained from the Rail Emission Model report on the DfT website (Reference 22). The factors are shown in Table A6.1. The 52 train classes from the ACTRAFF data were then allocated the most appropriate factor. The number of movements were factored to 52 weeks and then had the emission factors applied. The emissions were then allocated to the GIS network. As the emissions factors incorporate an assumed station spacing the calculated emissions on the rail track now contain the emissions at stations, so the station emissions are no longer required. 


## 3.4 Bus Stations

An updated bus station usage file was obtained from the TfGM. The file was based on bus station data for September 2009 and had weekdays, Saturdays and Sundays listed separately. This was more accurate than previous estimates where a typical weekday was factored by 365. It was assumed that bank holidays would be equivalent to Sunday services and that each bus would idle for 5 minutes at the bus station (this is the maximum time that is theoretically allowed). Updated emission factors were then applied for the lowest speed band (i.e. 6km/hr) and emissions calculated. The emission factors from the road update were used, which were obtained from the NAEI website (Reference 14) and are shown in Table A2.16. 

 

## 3.5 Domestic And Commercial Combustion

The domestic and commercial combustion emissions were both updated and recalculated. Files of 2010 domestic and commercial gas usage were obtained from the Department for Energy and Climate Change (DECC), Reference 17. The domestic gas usage was broken down by Lower Layer Super Output Area (LLSOA) and the commercial gas usage broken down by Middle Layer Super Output Area (MLSOA). This section describes how the combustion figures were updated. 

## 3.5.1 Domestic Combustion 3.5.1.1 Gas Combustion

The Lower Layer Super Output Area (LLSOA) level gas consumption data was disaggregated proportionally across the 1km2 grid.  
The emission factors were obtained from the NAEI website (Reference 14) and are shown in Table A3.1. 

## 3.5.1.2 Non-Gas Combustion

Non-gas fuel use was obtained at local authority level from the DECC website (Reference 15).  The data is given in tonnes of oil equivalent (toe) which was then converted to kWh using the factor 1 toe=11630 kWh, from the Digest of United Kingdom Energy Statistics 2011 (DUKES 2011) (Reference 18). The kWh values were then converted to Megatonnes using a calorific value for coke from DUKES 2011. The appropriate emissions factors, shown in Table A3.2, were obtained from the NAEI website (Reference 14) and applied. The emissions were spread between the LLSOA's weighted by 2010 mid-year population figures. The domestic emissions for oil combustion were calculated in an identical method to the solid fuel. The emission factors used are given in Table A3.3. 

## 3.5.2 Commercial Combustion 3.5.2.1 Gas Combustion

The method for distributing the MLSOA commercial gas figures between the 1km grid squares has been revised. Part A, Part B and boiler gas consumption estimates from the point source data input to the website by the Districts was removed from the relevant DECC MLSOA commercial gas delivery figures to avoid double counting. However, in 17 MLSOAs the total gas use by the point sources (Part A processes etc.) was more than that given in the data from DECC. There could be a number of reasons for this, for example, the gas data returned by the District officers could be incorrect or there could be differences in location between where the gas is metered and where it is used. Where the process data is greater than the DECC data the gas usage in that MLSOA was reset to 0. This is the method used in previous EMIGMA updates. In some cases upto 1.78% of the gas consumption in the DECC data was unallocated at the local authority level. This gas was allocated between the MLSOAs for that district pro rata to the gas usage in each MLSOA.  However, the gas could have been consumed in just one or two of the MLSOAs within that district. The adjusted data was then allocated to the 1km2 grid by using the proportion of commercial building area. The Ordnance Survey (OS) AddressPoint product was used to identify commercial addresses and using these addresses the building extents were selected from the OS MasterMap Topography building layer. The area of the commercial building extents was calculated and proportioned into the 1km grid. The gas was allocated according to these proportions. The emission factors were obtained from the NAEI website (Reference 14) and are shown in Table A3.4. 

## 3.5.2.2 Non-Gas Combustion

As in previous updates the oil and solid fuel emissions were not estimated for commercial/industrial usage as it was thought (jointly by the Greater Manchester Authorities) that these would be covered, in the majority, by the boiler emissions. 

 

## 3.6 Electricity Generation

The CO2 emissions from electricity generation have been calculated as if they arose at the point of use rather than at the power station. Note that there are no power stations within Greater Manchester. Electricity consumption data for 2010 was obtained from the Department for Energy and Climate Change (DECC), Reference 17. The domestic data was at Lower Layer Super Output Area (LSOA) and the commercial data at Middle Layer Super Output Area (MSOA). The commercial and industrial electricity consumption figures were disaggregated by the commercial building area (see section 3.5.2.1). The CO2 produced during generation was calculated using the value of 456 tonnes of CO2 per GWh of electricity supplied. This factor was obtained from DUKES 2012 (Reference 26) and is a composite factor for all sources of electricity generation including nuclear and renewables. 

 

## 3.7 Aviation

Data for 2010 was supplied by Manchester Airport plc. The data includes ground based aircraft movements and movements up to an altitude of 200m. The data also contains vehicle movements off the public highway including airside traffic. This data has been aggregated to the 1km grid. The emissions, broken down by activity, are available in the accompanying data in the file "Manchester Airport 2010 Data.xls". Table 3.4 gives the passenger numbers and annual traffic movements for comparison with previous years. 

## Passenger Numbers And Annual Traffic Movements (Atms)

Year 
Passengers 
ATMs 
2003 
19,901,403 
207,037 
2004 
21,555,600 
205,700 
2005 
22,106,335 
234,794 
2006 
22,776,337 
229,717 
2007 
22,362,106 
222,670 
2008 
21,087,944 
204,608 
2010 
17,672,241 
159,070 

 Data for 2010 has also been supplied by City Airport Manchester Ltd (Manchester Barton). City airport is business and general aviation airfield for light aircraft and helicopters. The data contains the number of movements and circuits broken down by aircraft weight categories. This is available in the accompanying  data in the file "City Airport 2010 Data.xls". Factors were obtained from Federal Office of Civil Aviation, FOCA, the Swiss aviation authority website (Reference 21) and are shown in Table A4.1. The factors used are the recommended factors for emission inventories and try to take a representative mixture between LTO (Landing and Take-Off), circuit flying and the variation in performance between different aircraft. The factors give the emissions from the aircraft until they reach cruise altitude, which is assumed for light aircraft, to be 3000ft or 1500ft for circuit flying. Aviation emissions are shown in Table 4.17. 


## 3.8 Area Sources

 Data from DEFRA was obtained on the numbers of livestock by a 5km grid for 2010. The emissions for each 5km square were calculated using emission factors from the EMEP/CORINAIR Emission Inventory Guide book - 2006 (Reference 16), which are shown in Table A5.1. The emissions were disaggregated to the 1km grid inversely proportional to the number of addresses from the Ordnance Survey AddressPoint data. This was used as a proxy for the amount of developed land. 

 

## 3.9 Agricultural Combustion

Data for 2009 was obtained from NAEI for the local emissions of CO2 mapped to a 
1kmx1km grid. The following is an extract from the Local Authority CO2 emissions estimates 2009: Methodology summary (Reference 25). "The use of oil and solid fuel by agriculture is estimated using IDBR employment data. Other agricultural emissions estimated at the national level are those associated with off-road machinery use and breakdowns of pesticides. Emissions from off-road machinery use are distributed using arable, pasture and forestry land use data combined with information on the number of hours of use of tractors and other machinery on the different types of land. Emissions from pesticides applied to crops are distributed using maps of arable land cover." The results are shown in Table 4.19 
 

## 3.10 Land Use, Land-Use Change And Forestry

Land use, land-use change and forestry (LULUCF) is defined by the United Nations Climate Change Secretariat as "A greenhouse gas inventory sector that covers emissions and removals of greenhouse gases resulting from direct human-induced land use, land-use change and forestry activities." (Reference 23) 
Data from DECC was obtained for the local emissions of CO2 at a district level 
(Reference 24). The results are shown in Table 4.20 

## 4. Results Of The 2010 Update

A summary of some of the results of the 2010 update are shown in this section. More information can be obtained from the data held in the GIS tables in the accompanying data. 

## 4.1 Road Transport

Table 4.1 shows a summary of the emissions by all road sources. Table 4.2 to Table 4.6 show the results of the major road emissions broken down road type, vehicle type and District. Table 4.7 and Table 4.8 show the minor road emissions broken down by vehicle type and District. Table 4.9 shows the emissions from cold starts and hot soaks.  

## 2010 Road Transport Sources  (Tonnes/Year)

| Minor     | Hot    | Cold    |
|-----------|--------|---------|
| Other     |        |         |
| Major     |        |         |
| Pollutant |        |         |
|           |        |         |
| Motorways |        |         |
| Roads     | Soaks  | Starts  |
| Other     | Total  |         |
| Roads     |        |         |
| VOCs      |        |         |
| 365       | 1154   | 64      |
| CO        |        |         |
| 4478      | 9949   | 556     |
| CO        |        |         |
| 2         |        |         |
| as C      | 380753 | 564928  |
| NO        |        |         |
| X         |        |         |
|           | 5039   | 6852    |
| SO        |        |         |
| 2         |        |         |
|           | 6.7    | 8.8     |
| Benzene   |        |         |
| 1         |        |         |
|           |        |         |
|           |        |         |
| 558       | 788    | 54      |
| PM        |        |         |
| 10        |        |         |
|           |        |         |
| Notes     |        |         |

 
1The emissions factors no longer have values for 1,3 butadiene or benzene under warm running conditions. The sum of the columns may not equal the total due to rounding. 

2010 Major Road Emission Totals by Road Type (Tonnes/Year) 
Pollutant 
Motorways 
Other Major Roads 
Total 
VOCs 
365 
1154 
1519 
CO 
4478 
9949 
14427 
CO2 as C 
380753 
564928 
945681 
NOX 
5039 
6852 
11890 
SO2 
6.7 
8.8 
15.6 
PM10 
558 
788 
1347 

## Notes The Emissions Factors No Longer Have Values For 1,3 Butadiene Or Benzene. The Sum Of The Columns May Not Equal The Total Due To Rounding.

2010 Motorway  Emission Totals by Vehicle Type (Tonnes/Year) 
Vehicle Type 
Pollutant 
Motor 
Cycles 
Cars 
LGVs 
OGVs 
Buses 
Total 
VOCs 
13 
217 
37 
95 
3 
365 
CO 
190 
3489 
318 
471 
10 
4478 
CO2 as C 
710 
184555 
51443 
141328 
2717 
380753 
NOX 
6 
1657 
663 
2638 
76 
5039 
SO2 
0.0 
3.0 
1.0 
2.6 
0.1 
6.7 
PM10 
0 
332 
88 
134 
3 
558 

 Notes 
 
The emissions factors no longer have values for 1,3 butadiene or benzene. 

The sum of the columns may not equal the total due to rounding. 

2010 Motorway Emission Totals by District (Tonnes/Year) 
Pollutant 
District 
VOCs 
CO 
CO2 as C 
NOX 
SO2 
PM10 
Bolton 
33 
428 
35229 
461 
0.6 
52 
Bury 
47 
584 
49504 
654 
0.9 
72 
Manchester 
39 
483 
39878 
520 
0.7 
59 
Oldham 
12 
152 
12018 
160 
0.2 
17 
Rochdale 
51 
606 
53360 
715 
1.0 
78 
Salford 
70 
813 
72248 
965 
1.3 
106 
Stockport 
29 
333 
29429 
392 
0.5 
44 
Tameside 
25 
317 
25535 
343 
0.4 
37 
Trafford 
25 
320 
26100 
338 
0.5 
39 
Wigan 
35 
443 
37453 
493 
0.7 
55 
Total 
365 
4478 
380753 
5039 
6.7 
558 

 Notes 
 
The emissions factors no longer have values for 1,3 butadiene or benzene. 

The sum of the rows may not equal the total due to rounding. 

2010 Major Road Emission Totals by Vehicle Type (Tonnes/Year) 
Vehicle Type 
Pollutant 
Motor 
Cycles 
Cars 
LGVs 
OGVs 
Buses 
Total 
VOCs 
84 
1078 
133 
168 
57 
1519 
CO 
721 
11629 
1040 
811 
226 
14427 
CO2 as C 
2339 
569138 
119622 
213937 
40645 
945681 
NOX 
15 
4408 
1643 
4526 
1298 
11890 
SO2 
0.0 
8.7 
2.1 
4.1 
0.7 
15.6 
PM10 
2 
886 
208 
209 
42 
1347 

 Notes 
 
The emissions factors no longer have values for 1,3 butadiene or benzene. 

The sum of the columns may not equal the total due to rounding. 

 

## Table 4.6

2010 Major Road Emission Totals by District (Tonnes/Year) 
Pollutant 
District 
VOCs 
CO 
CO2 as C 
NOx 
SO2 
PM10 
Bolton 
157 
1528 
97585 
1187 
1.6 
141 
Bury 
120 
1213 
85216 
1071 
1.4 
123 
Manchester 
264 
2365 
143523 
1830 
2.2 
197 
Oldham 
101 
924 
57059 
718 
0.9 
81 
Rochdale 
129 
1277 
92628 
1186 
1.6 
135 
Salford 
177 
1729 
125919 
1641 
2.2 
181 
Stockport 
165 
1528 
94412 
1141 
1.5 
134 
Tameside 
115 
1079 
68623 
874 
1.1 
96 
Trafford 
125 
1189 
74354 
892 
1.2 
107 
Wigan 
168 
1595 
106362 
1350 
1.8 
152 
Total 
1519 
14427 
945681 
11890 
15.6 
1347 

 Notes 
 
The emissions factors no longer have values for 1,3 butadiene or benzene. 

The sum of the rows may not equal the total due to rounding. 

2010 Minor Road Emission Totals by Vehicle Type (Tonnes/Year) 
Pollutant 
Motor 
Cycles 
Cars 
LGVs 
OGVs 
Buses 
Total 
VOCs 
5 
50 
5 
4 
0 
64 
CO 
37 
462 
39 
18 
0 
556 
CO2 as C 
112 
26340 
4001 
4074 
0 
34527 
NOX 
1 
196 
63 
105 
0 
364 
SO2 
0.00 
0.43 
0.07 
0.09 
0 
0.60 
PM10 
0.1 
41.8 
7.8 
4.2 
0 
53.9 

## Notes

 
The emissions factors no longer have values for 1,3 butadiene or benzene. 

The sum of the columns may not equal the total due to rounding. 

 

## Table 4.8

2010 Minor Road Emission Totals by District (Tonnes/Year) 
Pollutant 
District 
VOCs 
CO 
CO2 as C 
NOX 
SO2 
PM10 
Bolton 
6.5 
56 
3473 
36 
0.06 
5.4 
Bury 
4.7 
41 
2490 
25 
0.04 
3.9 
Manchester 
9.7 
84 
5225 
55 
0.09 
8.2 
Oldham 
4.7 
40 
2505 
26 
0.04 
3.9 
Rochdale 
5.1 
44 
2823 
32 
0.05 
4.4 
Salford 
6.0 
52 
3284 
36 
0.06 
5.1 
Stockport 
8.9 
78 
4688 
47 
0.08 
7.3 
Tameside 
4.7 
41 
2570 
28 
0.04 
4.0 
Trafford 
6.7 
58 
3575 
37 
0.06 
5.6 
Wigan 
7.2 
63 
3895 
41 
0.07 
6.1 
Total 
64.1 
556 
34527 
364 
0.60 
53.9 Notes 

 
The emissions factors no longer have values for 1,3 butadiene or benzene. 

The sum of the rows may not equal the total due to rounding. 

2010 Cold Start and Hot Soak Emission Totals (Tonnes/Year) 
Cold Starts 
Hot Soaks 
Pollutant 
Cars 
LGVs 
Total 
Cars 
LGVs 
Total 
VOCs 
805 
46 
851 
115 
4 
119 
CO 
16546 
363 
16909 
n/a 
n/a 
n/a 
NOX 
550 
71 
621 
n/a 
n/a 
n/a 
Benzene 
n/a 
n/a 
n/a 
0.33 
0.01 
0.34 
PM10 
45 
21 
66 
n/a 
n/a 
n/a 
 
Notes 
 

n/a - not applicable The emissions factors no longer have values for 1,3 butadiene or benzene under warm running conditions. The sum of the columns may not equal the total due to rounding. 

Pollutant 
District 
VOCs 
CO 
NOX 
PM10 
Bolton 
90 
1785 
66 
7.1 
Bury 
57 
1128 
41 
4.3 
Manchester 
141 
2805 
104 
11.2 
Oldham 
66 
1322 
48 
5.1 
Rochdale 
65 
1281 
48 
5.2 
Salford 
77 
1510 
57 
6.3 
Stockport 
103 
2064 
74 
7.6 
Tameside 
69 
1370 
51 
5.5 
Trafford 
86 
1719 
63 
6.6 
Wigan 
91 
1806 
66 
7.1 
Total 
845 
16790 
617 
65.9 

## Notes

 
The sum of the rows may not equal the total due to rounding. 

## 4.2 Point Sources

2010 Point Source Emission Totals (Tonnes/Year) 
Pollutant 
Part A's 
Part B's 
Boilers 
Petrol 
Stations 
Total 
Non-Methane VOCs 
862 
12038 
93 
730 
13722 
CO 
622 
189 
189  
1001 
CO2 as C 
676416 
13361 
166377  
856153 
NOX 
425 
72 
52  
549 
SO2 
87 
32 
117  
236 
Benzene 
0.2 
0.3 
2.2 
1.1 
3.8 
PM10 
83 
111 
23  
217 
Hg 
0 
0 
0  
0 
Pb 
0 
1 
0  
1 
CH4 
427 
4 
116  
547 

 
Notes 
 
The sum of the columns may not equal the total due to rounding. 

 

## 4.3 Rail Sources

2010 Rail Source Emission Totals (Tonnes/Year) 
Pollutant 
Rail Track Total 
Non-Methane VOCs 
46 
CO 
55 
CO2 as C 
49888 
NOX 
489 
SO2 
62 
PM10 
14 

## 4.4 Bus Stations

2010 Bus Station Emission Totals (Tonnes/Year) 
Pollutant 
Total 
VOCs 
3.2 
CO 
11.5 
CO2 as C 
2159 
NOX 
67 
SO2 
0.01 
PM10 
1.41 

## 4.5 Domestic And Commercial Combustion 4.5.1 Domestic Combustion

2010 Domestic Combustion Emission Totals (Tonnes/Year) 
Pollutant 
Total 
Non-Methane VOCs 
166 
CO 
2541 
CO2 as C 
841548 
NOX 
1291 
SO2 
216 
Benzene 
13 
PM10 
49 
CH4 
334 

## 4.5.2 Commercial Combustion

2010 Commercial Gas Combustion Emission Totals (Tonnes/Year) 
Pollutant 
Total 
Non-Methane VOCs 
56 
CO 
349 
CO2 as C 
349325 
NOX 
1421 
Benzene 
5 
PM10 
22 
CH4 
123 

## 4.6 Electricity Generation

2010 Electricity CO2 Emission Totals (Tonnes/Year) 
District 
Total 
Bolton 
129574 
Bury 
86790 
Manchester 
338760 
Oldham 
102202 
Rochdale 
105564 
Salford 
134294 
Stockport 
142837 
Tameside 
105551 
Trafford 
177781 
Wigan 
150041 
Total 
1473393 

 Notes 
 
The sum of the rows may not equal the total due to rounding. 

CO2 refers to carbon dioxide as C. 

 

## 4.7 Aviation

Table 4.17 shows a summary of the emissions by aviation. 

2010 Aviation Emission Totals (Tonnes/Year) 
Pollutant 
Total 
VOCs 
110 
CO 
811 
NOX 
383 
SO2 
17 
PM10 
5 
CO2 as C 
26562 

## 4.8 Area Sources

Table 4.18 shows a summary of the emissions by other area sources. 

2010 Other Emission Totals (Tonnes/Year) 
Pollutant 
Total 
VOCs 
22194 
CO 
9 
NOX 
36 
SO2 
438 
Benzene 
17 
1,3 butadiene 
0 
PM10 
26 

## 4.9 Agricultural Combustion

Table 4.20 shows the amount of CO2 (as carbon) emissions for agricultural combustion broken down by District. 

2010 Agricultural Combustion CO2 Totals (Tonnes/Year) 
District 
Total 
Bolton 
391 
Bury 
305 
Manchester 
92 
Oldham 
237 
Rochdale 
389 
Salford 
102 
Stockport 
391 
Tameside 
202 
Trafford 
168 
Wigan 
414 
Total 
2691 Notes 

The sum of the rows may not equal the total due to rounding. 

CO2 refers to carbon dioxide as C. 

## 4.10 Land Use, Land-Use Change And Forestry Table 4.20

2010 Land use, land-use change and forestry CO2 Totals (Tonnes/Year) 
District 
Total 
Bolton 
278 
Bury 
344 
Manchester 
687 
Oldham 
436 
Rochdale 
725 
Salford 
5302 
Stockport 
736 
Tameside 
507 
Trafford 
1754 
Wigan 
1410 
Total 
12180 

 Notes 

Positive figures indicate net emissions from these sources. The sum of the rows may not equal the total due to rounding. 

CO2 refers to carbon dioxide as C. 


## 4.11 Total Emissions

The following tables and figures give the total emissions, in Greater Manchester and each District separately, from all sources and the relative proportions. 

## 2010 Total Emissions In Greater Manchester From All Sources

| Pollutant    | Roads    |
|--------------|----------|
| 2            |          |
|              | Rail     |
| 1            |          |
| Part A's     | Part B's |
| Stations     | Stations |
| t/yr         | %        |
| VOCs         |          |
| 2553         | 6.6      |
| CO           |          |
| 31892        | 87.0     |
| CO           |          |
| 2            |          |
| as C         |          |
| 985142       | 31.5     |
| NO           |          |
| X            |          |
|              |          |
| 12876        | 75.2     |
| SO           |          |
| 2            |          |
|              |          |
| 16           | 1.6      |
| Benzene      |          |
| 0.3          | 0.9      |
| PM           |          |
| 10           |          |
|              |          |
| 1467         | 81.4     |
| HG           |          |
|              |          |
| PB           |          |
|              |          |
| Methane      |          |
|              |          |

Notes 
 
1Other includes LULUCF and agricultural combustion 2The emissions factors no longer have values for benzene under warm running conditions. 

The emissions are given in tonnes per year (t/yr) The sum of the rows may not equal the total due to rounding. 

## 2010 Total Emissions In Bolton From All Sources

| Pollutant    | Roads    |
|--------------|----------|
| 2            |          |
|              | Rail     |
| 1            |          |
|              | Part A's |
| Stations     | Stations |
| t/yr         | %        |
| VOCs         |          |
| 266          | 9.4      |
| CO           |          |
| 3369         | 91.5     |
| CO           |          |
| 2            |          |
| as C         |          |
| 101628       | 43.1     |
| NO           |          |
| X            |          |
|              |          |
| 1289         | 78.0     |
| SO           |          |
| 2            |          |
|              |          |
| 2            | 1.5      |
| Benzene      |          |
| 0.04         | 1.0      |
| PM           |          |
| 10           |          |
|              |          |
| 154          | 89.4     |
| HG           |          |
|              |          |
| PB           |          |
|              |          |
| Methane      |          |
|              |          |

Notes 
1Other includes LULUCF and agricultural combustion. 

2The emissions factors no longer have values for benzene under warm running conditions. 

The emissions are given in tonnes per year (t/yr) The sum of the rows may not equal the total due to rounding. 

2010 Total Emissions in Bury from all sources 
Pollutant 
Roads2 
Rail 
Air 
Other1 
Part A's 
Part B's 
Boilers 
Petrol 
Combustion 
Bus 
Total 
Stations 
Stations 
t/yr 
% 
t/yr 
% 
t/yr 
% 
t/yr 
% 
t/yr 
% 
t/yr 
% 
t/yr 
% 
t/yr 
% 
t/yr 
% 
t/yr 
% 
t/yr 
VOCs 
190 
7.2 
0 
0.0 
0 
0.0 
1552 
59.2 
585 
22.3 
231 
8.8 
0 
0.0 
47 
1.8 
15 
0.6 
0 
0.0 
2620 
CO 
2381 
86.2 
0 
0.0 
0 
0.0 
1 
0.0 
166 
6.0 
15 
0.5 
16 
0.6 
 
 
184 
6.7 
1 
0.0 
2764 
CO2 as C 
88140 
34.6 
0 
0.0 
 
 
649 
0.3 
76135 
29.9 
1548 
0.6 
1454 
0.6 
 
 
86396 
33.9 
162 
0.1 
254484 
NOX 
1138 
78.2 
0 
0.0 
0 
0.0 
4 
0.3 
80 
5.5 
29 
2.0 
10 
0.7 
 
 
188 
12.9 
5 
0.3 
1454 
SO2 
1 
1.2 
0 
0.0 
0 
0.0 
34 
28.0 
32 
25.8 
5 
4.2 
38 
31.2 
 
 
12 
9.7 
0 
0.0 
123 
Benzene 
0.02 
0.8 
0 
0.0 
0 
0.0 
1 
48.7 
0.0 
0.0 
0.0 
0.8 
0 
0.2 
0.1 
2.6 
1 
46.9 
0 
0.0 
3 
PM10 
131 
79.5 
0 
0.0 
 
 
2 
1.0 
7 
4.1 
16 
9.5 
5 
3.3 
 
 
4 
2.6 
0.1 
0.1 
165 
HG 
 
 
0 
0.0 


0 
0.0 
0 
99.5 
0.001 
0.5 


0.19 
PB 
 
 
0 
0.0 


0 
0.0 
0.00 
0.0 
0.011 
100.0 


0.01 
Methane 


0 
0.0 
0.55 
1.7 
0 
0.2 
 
 
32 
98.1 
 
 
32 

Notes 
 
1Other includes LULUCF and agricultural combustion. 2The emissions factors no longer have values for benzene under warm running conditions. 

The emissions are given in tonnes per year (t/yr) The sum of the rows may not equal the total due to rounding. 

## 2010 Total Emissions In Manchester From All Sources

| Pollutant    | Roads    |
|--------------|----------|
| 2            |          |
|              | Rail     |
| 1            |          |
|              | Part A's |
| Stations     | Stations |
| t/yr         | %        |
| VOCs         |          |
| 435          | 8.3      |
| CO           |          |
| 5254         | 80.8     |
| CO           |          |
| 2            |          |
| as C         |          |
| 149537       | 35.9     |
| NO           |          |
| X            |          |
|              |          |
| 1989         | 65.1     |
| SO           |          |
| 2            |          |
|              |          |
| 2            | 2.0      |
| Benzene      |          |
| 0.06         | 1.0      |
| PM           |          |
| 10           |          |
|              |          |
| 216          | 86.1     |
| HG           |          |
|              |          |
| PB           |          |
|              |          |
| Methane      |          |
|              |          |

Notes 
 
1Other includes LULUCF and agricultural combustion. 2The emissions factors no longer have values for benzene under warm running conditions. 

The emissions are given in tonnes per year (t/yr) The sum of the rows may not equal the total due to rounding. 

## 2010 Total Emissions In Oldham From All Sources

| Pollutant    | Roads    |
|--------------|----------|
| 2            |          |
|              | Rail     |
| 1            |          |
|              | Part A's |
| Stations     | Stations |
| t/yr         | %        |
| VOCs         |          |
| 181          | 8.2      |
| CO           |          |
| 2286         | 90.6     |
| CO           |          |
| 2            |          |
| as C         |          |
| 59859        | 34.9     |
| NO           |          |
| X            |          |
|              |          |
| 793          | 77.8     |
| SO           |          |
| 2            |          |
|              |          |
| 1            | 1.2      |
| Benzene      |          |
| 0.03         | 0.9      |
| PM           |          |
| 10           |          |
|              |          |
| 90           | 89.3     |
| HG           |          |
|              |          |
| PB           |          |
|              |          |
| Methane      |          |
|              |          |

Notes 
 
1Other includes LULUCF and agricultural combustion. 2The emissions factors no longer have values for benzene under warm running conditions. 

The emissions are given in tonnes per year (t/yr) The sum of the rows may not equal the total due to rounding. 

## 2010 Total Emissions In Rochdale From All Sources

| Pollutant    | Roads    |
|--------------|----------|
| 2            |          |
|              | Rail     |
| 1            |          |
|              | Part A's |
| Stations     | Stations |
| t/yr         | %        |
| VOCs         |          |
| 208          | 7.5      |
| CO           |          |
| 2602         | 91.9     |
| CO           |          |
| 2            |          |
| as C         |          |
| 95882        | 49.0     |
| NO           |          |
| X            |          |
|              |          |
| 1266         | 84.0     |
| SO           |          |
| 2            |          |
|              |          |
| 2            | 2.1      |
| Benzene      |          |
| 0.03         | 0.8      |
| PM           |          |
| 10           |          |
|              |          |
| 144          | 90.6     |
| HG           |          |
|              |          |
| PB           |          |
|              |          |
| Methane      |          |
|              |          |

Notes 
 
1Other includes LULUCF and agricultural combustion. 2The emissions factors no longer have values for benzene under warm running conditions. 

The emissions are given in tonnes per year (t/yr) The sum of the rows may not equal the total due to rounding. 

2010 Total Emissions in Salford from all sources 
Pollutant 
Roads2 
Rail 
Air 
Other1 
Part A's 
Part B's 
Boilers 
Petrol 
Combustion 
Bus 
Total 
Stations 
Stations 
t/yr 
% 
t/yr 
% 
t/yr 
% 
t/yr 
% 
t/yr 
% 
t/yr 
% 
t/yr 
% 
t/yr 
% 
t/yr 
% 
t/yr 
% 
t/yr 
VOCs 
269 
2.8 
6 
0.1 
2 
0.0 
1905 
19.9 
55 
0.6 
7237 
75.8 
1 
0.0 
62 
0.6 
17 
0.2 
0 
0.0 
9554 
CO 
3291 
91.7 
12 
0.3 
78 
2.2 
1 
0.0 
1 
0.0 
0 
0.0 
7 
0.2 
 
 
199 
5.5 
1 
0.0 
3590 
CO2 as C 
129852 
52.6 
6191 
2.5 
 
 
5404 
2.2 
780 
0.3 
243 
0.1 
6652 
2.7 
 
 
97388 
39.5 
197 
0.1 
246707 
NOX 
1733 
85.4 
62 
3.1 
1 
0.0 
2 
0.1 
0 
0.0 
1 
0.0 
0 
0.0 
 
 
223 
11.0 
6 
0.3 
2028 
SO2 
2 
3.9 
8 
13.7 
0 
0.0 
34 
59.9 
0 
0.0 
0 
0.2 
0 
0.7 
 
 
12 
21.6 
0 
0.0 
56 
Benzene 
0.03 
0.8 
0 
0.0 
0 
0.0 
2 
56.9 
0.0 
0.3 
0.00 
0.1 
0 
2.4 
0.1 
2.4 
1 
37.1 
0 
0.0 
4 
PM10 
192 
90.7 
2 
0.9 
0 
0.0 
2 
1.1 
3 
1.2 
8 
3.6 
0 
0.2 
 
 
5 
2.3 
0 
0.1 
212 
HG 
 
 
0 
0.0 


0.000 
0.0 
0.00 
100.0 
0 
0.0 


0.00 
PB 
 
 
0 
0.0 


0.00 
0.0 
0.0012 
99.0 
0.00001 
1.0 


0.00 
Methane 


4 
8.7 
0 
0.2 
2 
5.6 
 
 
36 
85.5 
 
 
42 

Notes 
 
1Other includes LULUCF and agricultural combustion. 2The emissions factors no longer have values for benzene under warm running conditions. 

The emissions are given in tonnes per year (t/yr) The sum of the rows may not equal the total due to rounding. 

## 2010 Total Emissions In Stockport From All Sources

| Pollutant    | Roads    |
|--------------|----------|
| 2            |          |
|              | Rail     |
| 1            |          |
|              | Part A's |
| Stations     | Stations |
| t/yr         | %        |
| VOCs         |          |
| 292          | 6.1      |
| CO           |          |
| 3670         | 92.8     |
| CO           |          |
| 2            |          |
| as C         |          |
| 99593        | 39.5     |
| NO           |          |
| X            |          |
|              |          |
| 1262         | 77.3     |
| SO           |          |
| 2            |          |
|              |          |
| 2            | 2.2      |
| Benzene      |          |
| 0.04         | 1.1      |
| PM           |          |
| 10           |          |
|              |          |
| 149          | 71.5     |
| HG           |          |
|              |          |
| PB           |          |
|              |          |
| Methane      |          |
|              |          |

Notes 
1Other includes LULUCF and agricultural combustion. 2The emissions factors no longer have values for benzene under warm running conditions. 

The emissions are given in tonnes per year (t/yr) The sum of the rows may not equal the total due to rounding. 

## 2010 Total Emissions In Tameside From All Sources

| Pollutant    | Roads    |
|--------------|----------|
| 2            |          |
|              | Rail     |
| 1            |          |
|              | Part A's |
| Stations     | Stations |
| t/yr         | %        |
| VOCs         |          |
| 199          | 9.4      |
| CO           |          |
| 2490         | 91.2     |
| CO           |          |
| 2            |          |
| as C         |          |
| 71506        | 41.2     |
| NO           |          |
| X            |          |
|              |          |
| 953          | 78.9     |
| SO           |          |
| 2            |          |
|              |          |
| 1            | 1.6      |
| Benzene      |          |
| 0.03         | 0.8      |
| PM           |          |
| 10           |          |
|              |          |
| 106          | 83.4     |
| HG           |          |
|              |          |
| PB           |          |
|              |          |
| Methane      |          |
|              |          |

Notes 
 
1Other includes LULUCF and agricultural combustion. 2The emissions factors no longer have values for benzene under warm running conditions. 

The emissions are given in tonnes per year (t/yr) The sum of the rows may not equal the total due to rounding. 

## 2010 Total Emissions In Trafford From All Sources

| Pollutant    | Roads    |
|--------------|----------|
| 2            |          |
|              | Rail     |
| 1            |          |
|              | Part A's |
| Stations     | Stations |
| t/yr         | %        |
| VOCs         |          |
| 230          | 8.4      |
| CO           |          |
| 2966         | 83.5     |
| CO           |          |
| 2            |          |
| as C         |          |
| 78368        | 9.0      |
| NO           |          |
| X            |          |
|              |          |
| 992          | 64.4     |
| SO           |          |
| 2            |          |
|              |          |
| 1            | 2.5      |
| Benzene      |          |
| 0.03         | 0.7      |
| PM           |          |
| 10           |          |
|              |          |
| 119          | 59.9     |
| HG           |          |
|              |          |
| PB           |          |
|              |          |
| Methane      |          |
|              |          |

Notes 
 
1Other includes LULUCF and agricultural combustion. 2The emissions factors no longer have values for benzene under warm running conditions. 

The emissions are given in tonnes per year (t/yr) The sum of the rows may not equal the total due to rounding. 

2010 Total Emissions in Wigan from all sources 
Pollutant 
Roads2 
Rail 
Air 
Other1 
Part A's 
Part B's 
Boilers 
Petrol 
Combustion 
Bus 
Total 
Stations 
Stations 
t/yr 
% 
t/yr 
% 
t/yr 
% 
t/yr 
% 
t/yr 
% 
t/yr 
% 
t/yr 
% 
t/yr 
% 
t/yr 
% 
t/yr 
% 
t/yr 
VOCs 
279 
7.1 
3 
0.1 
0 
0.0 
2254 
57.0 
12 
0.3 
1253 
31.7 
4 
0.1 
105 
2.6 
42 
1.1 
0 
0.0 
3954 
CO 
3464 
78.5 
1 
0.0 
0 
0.0 
1 
0.0 
191 
4.3 
9 
0.2 
28 
0.6 
 
 
720 
16.3 
1 
0.0 
4414 
CO2 as C 
110778 
35.5 
3852 
1.2 
 
 
1824 
0.6 
12929 
4.1 
7873 
2.5 
27856 
8.9 
 
 
146358 
47.0 
199 
0.1 
311670 
NOX 
1457 
72.5 
36 
1.8 
0 
0.0 
2 
0.1 
153 
7.6 
1 
0.1 
12 
0.6 
 
 
342 
17.0 
6 
0.3 
2010 
SO2 
2 
0.8 
5 
2.1 
0 
0.0 
63 
28.2 
50 
22.3 
0 
0.1 
26 
11.7 
 
 
78 
34.8 
0 
0.0 
223 
Benzene 
0.04 
0.7 
0 
0.0 
0 
0.0 
2 
32.6 
0.0 
0.5 
0.11 
2.1 
0 
7.0 
0.2 
2.9 
3 
54.2 
0 
0.0 
5 
PM10 
166 
79.7 
1 
0.5 
0 
0.0 
3 
1.3 
13 
6.4 
4 
1.8 
3 
1.6 
 
 
18 
8.7 
0.1 
0.1 
208 
HG 
 
 
0 
0.0 


0 
0.0 
0.01 
99.5 
0.000 
0.5 


0.01 
PB 
 
 
0 
0.0 


0.01 
90.5 
0.00 
2.4 
0.00 
7.1 


0.0 
Methane 


160 
65.0 
2.8 
1.1 
10 
4.1 
 
 
73 
29.8 
 
 
246 

Notes 
 
1Other includes LULUCF and agricultural combustion. 2The emissions factors no longer have values for benzene under warm running conditions. 

The emissions are given in tonnes per year (t/yr) The sum of the rows may not equal the total due to rounding. 

## 5. References

1. 
Greater Manchester Saturn Model 2010 - Local Model Validation Report 
 
GMTU Report 1680, December 2011 
 
2. 
GMCOUNTS User Guide Version 4.0 
GMTU, January 2003 
3. 
Producing Traffic Flows for EMIGMA using SATURN - A Guide 
GMTU Note 426, June 2007 
4. 
Production Of the CONSTAD Traffic Count Factors 
GMTU Note 301, May 1995 
 
5. 
GMTimes User Guide 
GMTU, January 2003 
6. 
The Greater Manchester Emissions Inventory 2005 Update 
GMTU Report 1331, July 2007 
7. 
UK Fleet Projections 1996-2025 
http://naei.defra.gov.uk/resources/3_9_328_136268_rtp_fleet_projection_base2011_final.xlsx  
 
8. 
Transport Statistics Great Britain 2008 Edition http://www.dft.gov.uk/pgr/statistics/datatablespublications/tsgb 
 
9. 
Transport Statistics Greater Manchester 2010 
 
GMTU Report 1654, September 2011 
 
10. 
Speed Emission Factor Coefficients www.naei.org.uk/other/vehicle_emissions_v8.xls 
 
11. 
Modelling Minor Road Traffic Flows Using SATURN and the Integrated Transport Network  
GMTU Report 1300, April 2007 
12. 
UK Greenhouse Gas Inventory, 1990 to 2005. Annual Report for submission under the Framework Convention on Climate Change. http://www.airquality.co.uk/archive/reports/cat07/0704261626_ukghgi-90- 05_main_chapters_final.pdf 
 
13. 
Modelling Cold Starts Emissions Using SATURN 
 
GMTU Note 431, August 2007 
14. 
National Atmospheric Emissions Inventory http://naei.defra.gov.uk/data/data-selector 
 
15. 
Estimates of non gas, non electricity and non road transport fuels at regional and local authority level: 2005, 2006 and 2007 
http://www.decc.gov.uk/en/content/cms/statistics/energy_stats/regional/other/other.as px 
 
16. 
EMEP/CORINAIR Emission Inventory Guidebook - 2006 http://reports.eea.europa.eu/EMEPCORINAIR4/en/page002.html 
 
17. 
Middle Layer Super Output Area and Lower Layer Super Output Area electricity and 
gas estimates https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/department-of-energy-climatechange/series/mlsoa-and-llsoa-electricity-and-gas-estimates 

 
18. 
Digest of United Kingdom Energy Statistics 2011 
https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/department-of-energy-climatechange/series/digest-of-uk-energy-statistics-dukes 
 
19. 
Royal Haskoning, November 2006, EMIGMA Industrial Air Pollutant Emissions Sources Emission Factor Handbook, Greater Manchester Transportation Unit 
 
20. 
Royal Haskoning, November 2006, EMIGMA industrial emissions (point source) database, update on 2004 inventory 
 
21. 
Federal Office of Civil Aviation FOCA 
http://www.bazl.admin.ch/fachleute/01169/01174/index.html?lang=en 
 
22. 
Rail Emission Model 
 
AEA Technology, November 2001 
http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/+/http://www.dft.gov.uk/pgr/rail/researchtech /research/railemissionmodel.pdf 
 
23. 
Land use, land-use change, and forestry 
 
United Nations Climate Change Secretariat glossary. 
http://unfccc.int/essential_background/glossary/items/3666.php#L 
 
24. 
Local and regional CO2 emissions estimates for 2005-2011 
http://www.decc.gov.uk/assets/decc/11/stats/climate-change/6223-local-and-regionalco2-emissions-estimates-for-200.xls 
 
25. 
Local Authority CO2 emissions estimates 2009: Methodology summary http://www.decc.gov.uk/media/viewfile.ashx?filepath=11/stats/climate-change/2755- local-and-regional-co2-emissions-ests.pdf&filetype=4&minwidth=true 
 
26. 
Digest of United Kingdom Energy Statistics 2012 https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/digest-of-united-kingdom-energystatistics-dukes-2012-printed-version-excluding-cover-pages 

## Appendices

Appendix 1 Maps of emissions from all sources The following figures show maps of emissions from all sources, road transport and electricity generation at point of use. 

Figure A1.1 Total emissions of NOX in 2010 
 
Figure A1.2 Total emissions of CO2 in 2010 
 
Figure A1.3 Total emissions of SO2 in 2010 Figure A1.4 Total emissions of VOCs in 2010 
Figure A1.5 Total emissions of PM10 in 2010 Figure A1.6 Total emissions of CO in 2010 Figure A1.7 Total emissions of Benzene in 2010 
Figure A1.8 Emissions of NOX in 2010 from road transport 
 
Figure A1.9 Emissions of CO2 in 2010 from road transport Figure A1.10 Emissions of VOCs in 2010 from road transport Figure A1.11 Emissions of PM10 in 2010 from road transport Figure A1.12 Emissions of CO in 2010 from road transport Figure A1.13 Emissions of CO2 in 2010 from electricity generation at point of use 
 
 
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Appendix 2 Emission Factors and Road Traffic Expansion factors  
The following tables show the emission factors and road traffic expansion factors used during the update of the road source data 1,2 Table A2.1 
Motorway Speed Emission Factors for Motor Cycles 

Table A2.2 
Motorway Speed Emission Factors for Petrol Cars 
Table A2.3 
Motorway Speed Emission Factors for Diesel Cars 
Table A2.4 
Motorway Speed Emission Factors for Petrol LGVS 
Table A2.5 
Motorway Speed Emission Factors for Diesel LGVS 
Table A2.6 
Motorway Speed Emission Factors for Rigid HGVS 
Table A2.7 
Motorway Speed Emission Factors for Articulated HGVS 
Table A2.8 
Motorway Speed Emission Factors for Buses 
Table A2.9 
Non-Motorway Speed Emission Factors for Motor Cycles 
Table A2.10 Non-Motorway Speed Emission Factors for Petrol Cars Table A2.11 Non-Motorway Speed Emission Factors for Diesel Cars Table A2.12 Non-Motorway Speed Emission Factors for Petrol LGVS Table A2.13 Non-Motorway Speed Emission Factors for Diesel LGVS Table A2.14 Non-Motorway Speed Emission Factors for Rigid HGVS Table A2.15 Non-Motorway Speed Emission Factors for Articulated HGVS Table A2.16 Non-Motorway Speed Emission Factors for Buses Table A2.17 Fleet Composition Data Table A2.18 Road Traffic Expansion Factors Table A2.19 Fleet-Weighted Cold Start Emission Factors Table A2.20 Fleet-Weighted Hot Soak Emission Factors 

2010 Motorway Speed Emission Factors for Motorcycles (g/km) 
Speed 
km/hour 
NOX 
PM10 
CO 
VOCs1 
5 
0.202649 
0.022723 
19.824550 
2.953431 
10 
0.174012 
0.022723 
14.741310 
2.424955 
15 
0.148975 
0.022723 
12.101150 
2.005996 
20 
0.129490 
0.022723 
10.375840 
1.676924 
25 
0.115492 
0.022723 
9.196727 
1.420682 
30 
0.106639 
0.022723 
8.397955 
1.222619 
35 
0.102564 
0.022723 
7.879108 
1.070323 
40 
0.102927 
0.022723 
7.570322 
0.953455 
45 
0.107431 
0.022723 
7.420132 
0.863583 
50 
0.115823 
0.022723 
7.390159 
0.794015 
55 
0.127895 
0.022723 
7.452274 
0.739633 
60 
0.143474 
0.022723 
7.586800 
0.696727 
65 
0.162421 
0.022723 
7.781190 
0.662830 
70 
0.184625 
0.022723 
8.028942 
0.636549 
75 
0.209995 
0.022723 
8.328649 
0.617399 
80 
0.238456 
0.022723 
8.683110 
0.605639 
85 
0.269943 
0.022723 
9.098491 
0.602104 
90 
0.304390 
0.022723 
9.583509 
0.608039 
95 
0.341733 
0.022723 
10.148630 
0.624934 
100 
0.381894 
0.022723 
10.805280 
0.654353 
105 
0.424783 
0.022723 
11.565070 
0.697774 
110 
0.470284 
0.022723 
12.439010 
0.756420 
115 
0.518257 
0.022723 
13.436730 
0.831091 
Speed 
km/hour 
NO2 
CO2 as C 
SO2
5 
0.008110 
86.8457 
0.00043 
 
10 
0.006960 
72.0855 
0.00043 
 
15 
0.005960 
60.7511 
0.00043 
 
20 
0.005180 
52.2034 
0.00043 
 
25 
0.004620 
45.8897 
0.00043 
 
30 
0.004270 
41.3372 
0.00043 
 
35 
0.004100 
38.1477 
0.00043 
 
40 
0.004120 
35.9912 
0.00043 
 
45 
0.004300 
34.5999 
0.00043 
 
50 
0.004630 
33.7631 
0.00043 
 
55 
0.005120 
33.3202 
0.00043 
 
60 
0.005740 
33.1556 
0.00043 
 
65 
0.006500 
33.1925 
0.00059 
 
70 
0.007390 
33.3869 
0.00059 
 
75 
0.008400 
33.7219 
0.00059 
 
80 
0.009540 
34.2016 
0.00059 
 
85 
0.010800 
34.8454 
0.00059 
 
90 
0.012180 
35.6819 
0.00059 
 
95 
0.013670 
36.7429 
0.00059 
 
100 
0.015280 
38.058 
0.00059 
 
105 
0.016990 
39.648 
0.00059 
 
110 
0.018810 
41.5196 
0.00059 
 
115 
0.020730 
43.6589 
0.00059 
 
2 
 
2010 Motorway Speed Emission Factors for Petrol Cars (g/km) 
Speed 
km/hour 
NOX 
PM10 
CO 
VOCs1 
5 
0.289336 
0.068736 
8.563249 
0.902668 
10 
0.242448 
0.065840 
4.244569 
0.444498 
15 
0.233512 
0.064908 
2.818607 
0.293212 
20 
0.224186 
0.064475 
2.114763 
0.218634 
25 
0.213676 
0.064246 
1.700967 
0.174714 
30 
0.204430 
0.064125 
1.434480 
0.146097 
35 
0.196840 
0.064068 
1.254930 
0.126201 
40 
0.191100 
0.064056 
1.132621 
0.111737 
45 
0.187187 
0.064076 
1.051349 
0.100881 
50 
0.184918 
0.064123 
1.001567 
0.092544 
55 
0.184045 
0.064193 
0.977321 
0.086037 
60 
0.184323 
0.064285 
0.974744 
0.080907 
65 
0.186185 
0.064396 
0.991287 
0.076846 
70 
0.189795 
0.064528 
1.025302 
0.073637 
75 
0.194124 
0.064681 
1.075819 
0.071126 
80 
0.199144 
0.064856 
1.142438 
0.069201 
85 
0.204865 
0.065056 
1.225277 
0.067777 
90 
0.211332 
0.065281 
1.324965 
0.066791 
95 
0.218624 
0.065534 
1.442656 
0.066191 
100 
0.226865 
0.065818 
1.580062 
0.065936 
105 
0.236225 
0.066137 
1.739490 
0.065990 
110 
0.246934 
0.066492 
1.923900 
0.066318 
115 
0.259287 
0.066888 
2.136951 
0.066887 
Speed 
km/hour 
NO2 
CO2 as C 
SO2
5 
0.010726 
168.062192 
0.000722 
 
10 
0.008890 
97.604491 
0.000722 
 
15 
0.008572 
74.102024 
0.000722 
 
20 
0.008239 
62.396062 
0.000722 
 
25 
0.007866 
55.454858 
0.000722 
 
30 
0.007541 
50.934497 
0.000722 
 
35 
0.007281 
47.830444 
0.000722 
 
40 
0.007093 
45.640431 
0.000722 
 
45 
0.006976 
44.085421 
0.000722 
 
50 
0.006922 
42.997990 
0.000722 
 
55 
0.006923 
42.271598 
0.000722 
 
60 
0.006968 
41.835217 
0.000722 
 
65 
0.007071 
41.639673 
0.000673 
 
70 
0.007237 
41.649844 
0.000673 
 
75 
0.007431 
41.839971 
0.000673 
 
80 
0.007650 
42.190737 
0.000673 
 
85 
0.007894 
42.687369 
0.000673 
 
90 
0.008165 
43.318377 
0.000673 
 
95 
0.008465 
44.074691 
0.000673 
 
100 
0.008797 
44.949054 
0.000673 
 
105 
0.009166 
45.935591 
0.000673 
 
110 
0.009580 
47.029496 
0.000673 
 
115 
0.010047 
48.226799 
0.000673 
 
2 
 
2010 Motorway Speed Emission Factors for Diesel Cars (g/km) 
Speed 
km/hour 
NOX 
PM10 
CO 
VOCs1 
5 
1.900327 
0.127480 
0.836106 
0.188120 
10 
1.026703 
0.100322 
0.418250 
0.099552 
15 
0.899070 
0.091646 
0.278873 
0.069988 
20 
0.807259 
0.087555 
0.209108 
0.055175 
25 
0.736019 
0.085287 
0.167181 
0.046262 
30 
0.678674 
0.083933 
0.139169 
0.040299 
35 
0.631835 
0.083107 
0.119103 
0.036022 
40 
0.593606 
0.082624 
0.104000 
0.032798 
45 
0.562850 
0.082381 
0.092202 
0.030277 
50 
0.538855 
0.082319 
0.082716 
0.028248 
55 
0.521164 
0.082400 
0.074908 
0.026576 
60 
0.509481 
0.082601 
0.068358 
0.025173 
65 
0.503629 
0.082905 
0.062772 
0.023976 
70 
0.503512 
0.083302 
0.057942 
0.022941 
75 
0.509109 
0.083784 
0.053717 
0.022035 
80 
0.520467 
0.084348 
0.049981 
0.021235 
85 
0.537708 
0.084992 
0.046646 
0.020522 
90 
0.561045 
0.085719 
0.043645 
0.019881 
95 
0.590814 
0.086532 
0.040924 
0.019301 
100 
0.627536 
0.087441 
0.038441 
0.018772 
105 
0.672017 
0.088456 
0.036160 
0.018288 
110 
0.725555 
0.089593 
0.034053 
0.017843 
115 
0.790349 
0.090870 
0.032098 
0.017430 
Speed 
km/hour 
NO2 
CO2 as C 
SO2
5 
0.749046 
113.559234 
0.000752 
 
10 
0.406028 
76.260245 
0.000752 
 
15 
0.361516 
62.743814 
0.000752 
 
20 
0.326828 
55.298449 
0.000752 
 
25 
0.298283 
50.381850 
0.000752 
 
30 
0.274291 
46.813250 
0.000752 
 
35 
0.254055 
44.086609 
0.000752 
 
40 
0.237134 
41.948903 
0.000752 
 
45 
0.223266 
40.259566 
0.000752 
 
50 
0.212286 
38.934257 
0.000752 
 
55 
0.204091 
37.919305 
0.000752 
 
60 
0.198614 
37.178929 
0.000752 
 
65 
0.195815 
36.688358 
0.000678 
 
70 
0.195675 
36.429898 
0.000678 
 
75 
0.198190 
36.390574 
0.000678 
 
80 
0.203373 
36.560653 
0.000678 
 
85 
0.211257 
36.932695 
0.000678 
 
90 
0.221893 
37.500911 
0.000678 
 
95 
0.235368 
38.260732 
0.000678 
 
100 
0.251810 
39.208502 
0.000678 
 
105 
0.271423 
40.341261 
0.000678 
 
110 
0.294535 
41.656589 
0.000678 
 
115 
0.321709 
43.152485 
0.000678 
 
2 
 
2010 Motorway Speed Emission Factors for Petrol LGVs (g/km) 
Speed 
km/hour 
NOX 
PM10 
CO 
VOCs1 
5 
1.020082 
0.076850 
43.602661 
2.152068 
10 
0.576121 
0.073894 
21.046869 
1.138742 
15 
0.575714 
0.072939 
13.666799 
0.802718 
20 
0.575934 
0.072493 
10.080402 
0.635529 
25 
0.574545 
0.072256 
8.011714 
0.535717 
30 
0.575080 
0.072129 
6.702396 
0.469603 
35 
0.577474 
0.072068 
5.827675 
0.422835 
40 
0.581652 
0.072052 
5.225337 
0.388282 
45 
0.587525 
0.072070 
4.805397 
0.362007 
50 
0.594994 
0.072115 
4.513974 
0.341658 
55 
0.603955 
0.072184 
4.316874 
0.325747 
60 
0.614306 
0.072275 
4.191388 
0.313289 
65 
0.627246 
0.072386 
4.121878 
0.303619 
70 
0.643389 
0.072519 
4.097259 
0.296282 
75 
0.660786 
0.072674 
4.109497 
0.290981 
80 
0.679437 
0.072853 
4.152664 
0.287542 
85 
0.699340 
0.073057 
4.222340 
0.285894 
90 
0.720501 
0.073289 
4.315210 
0.286067 
95 
0.742922 
0.073553 
4.428795 
0.288180 
100 
0.766612 
0.073850 
4.561267 
0.292451 
105 
0.791582 
0.074095 
4.655611 
0.299600 
110 
0.817845 
0.074371 
4.761854 
0.309449 
115 
0.831462 
0.074680 
4.879370 
0.322479 
Speed 
km/hour 
NO2 
CO2 as C 
SO2
5 
0.039712 
267.209210 
0.000934 
 
10 
0.022411 
144.391649 
0.000934 
 
15 
0.022432 
104.096106 
0.000934 
 
20 
0.022478 
84.457535 
0.000934 
 
25 
0.022469 
73.108254 
0.000934 
 
30 
0.022532 
65.930287 
0.000934 
 
35 
0.022664 
61.162847 
0.000934 
 
40 
0.022862 
57.929201 
0.000934 
 
45 
0.023124 
55.745629 
0.000934 
 
50 
0.023446 
54.325005 
0.000934 
 
55 
0.023824 
53.487521 
0.000934 
 
60 
0.024254 
53.116037 
0.000934 
 
65 
0.024779 
53.132057 
0.000947 
 
70 
0.025422 
53.481980 
0.000947 
 
75 
0.026112 
54.128869 
0.000947 
 
80 
0.026850 
55.047295 
0.000947 
 
85 
0.027634 
56.220005 
0.000947 
 
90 
0.028466 
57.635704 
0.000947 
 
95 
0.029346 
59.287525 
0.000947 
 
100 
0.030273 
61.171978 
0.000947 
 
105 
0.031248 
62.908477 
0.000947 
 
110 
0.032272 
64.832499 
0.000947 
 
115 
0.032786 
66.947141 
0.000947 
 
2 
 
2010 Motorway Speed Emission Factors for Diesel LGVs (g/km) 
Speed 
km/hour 
NOX 
PM10 
CO 
VOCs1 
5 
2.340887 
0.246635 
2.125479 
0.420903 
10 
1.290486 
0.162240 
1.066012 
0.209164 
15 
1.190722 
0.134588 
0.717006 
0.139148 
20 
1.101745 
0.121097 
0.545616 
0.104565 
25 
1.022614 
0.113284 
0.445271 
0.084158 
30 
0.952915 
0.108346 
0.380450 
0.070843 
35 
0.892441 
0.105096 
0.335928 
0.061582 
40 
0.841073 
0.102953 
0.304092 
0.054858 
45 
0.798741 
0.101601 
0.280714 
0.049828 
50 
0.765402 
0.100859 
0.263257 
0.045987 
55 
0.741027 
0.100621 
0.250105 
0.043013 
60 
0.725599 
0.100825 
0.240183 
0.040691 
65 
0.719105 
0.101440 
0.232745 
0.038874 
70 
0.721540 
0.102458 
0.227259 
0.037457 
75 
0.732904 
0.103888 
0.223334 
0.036362 
80 
0.753198 
0.105759 
0.220678 
0.035531 
85 
0.782430 
0.108113 
0.219067 
0.034920 
90 
0.820614 
0.111013 
0.218326 
0.034495 
95 
0.867770 
0.114537 
0.218319 
0.034230 
100 
0.923930 
0.118781 
0.218935 
0.034102 
105 
0.989145 
0.123862 
0.220085 
0.034096 
110 
1.063493 
0.129919 
0.221696 
0.034196 
115 
1.067494 
0.137113 
0.223708 
0.034392 
Speed 
km/hour 
NO2 
CO2 as C 
SO2
5 
0.952297 
225.105062 
0.000937 
 
10 
0.525243 
122.554511 
0.000937 
 
15 
0.485183 
88.957791 
0.000937 
 
20 
0.449215 
72.707153 
0.000937 
 
25 
0.417113 
63.478947 
0.000937 
 
30 
0.388778 
57.832441 
0.000937 
 
35 
0.364161 
54.295369 
0.000937 
 
40 
0.343234 
52.135318 
0.000937 
 
45 
0.325982 
50.950189 
0.000937 
 
50 
0.312394 
50.504382 
0.000937 
 
55 
0.302464 
50.654337 
0.000937 
 
60 
0.296188 
51.311300 
0.000937 
 
65 
0.293562 
52.421275 
0.001292 
 
70 
0.294587 
53.953574 
0.001292 
 
75 
0.299262 
55.893937 
0.001292 
 
80 
0.307588 
58.240241 
0.001292 
 
85 
0.319566 
60.999718 
0.001292 
 
90 
0.335200 
64.187101 
0.001292 
 
95 
0.354495 
67.823359 
0.001292 
 
100 
0.377459 
71.934808 
0.001292 
 
105 
0.404105 
76.552475 
0.001292 
 
110 
0.434453 
81.711643 
0.001292 
 
115 
0.436131 
87.451500 
0.001292 
 
2 
 
2010 Motorway Speed Emission Factors for Rigid HGVs (g/km) 
Speed 
km/hour 
NOX 
PM10 
CO 
VOCs1 
5 
15.172736 
0.412129 
3.464281 
0.794969 
10 
9.776897 
0.340210 
2.539315 
0.585001 
15 
8.505249 
0.291502 
1.953023 
0.440051 
20 
7.096489 
0.260059 
1.587641 
0.347328 
25 
6.171630 
0.237768 
1.331694 
0.283202 
30 
5.520664 
0.221394 
1.144137 
0.237498 
35 
5.042433 
0.209219 
1.004729 
0.204469 
40 
4.681165 
0.200177 
0.901529 
0.180450 
45 
4.403059 
0.193557 
0.826633 
0.163002 
50 
4.186097 
0.188868 
0.774387 
0.150496 
55 
4.015074 
0.185758 
0.740502 
0.141861 
60 
3.878966 
0.183974 
0.721541 
0.136405 
65 
3.769441 
0.183314 
0.714584 
0.133657 
70 
3.679971 
0.183604 
0.716970 
0.133235 
75 
3.605278 
0.184664 
0.726096 
0.134712 
80 
3.540973 
0.186283 
0.739236 
0.137498 
85 
3.483323 
0.188192 
0.753374 
0.140713 
90 
3.472299 
0.190041 
0.765052 
0.143074 
95 
3.472299 
0.190041 
0.765052 
0.143074 
100 
3.472299 
0.190041 
0.765052 
0.143074 
105 
3.472299 
0.190041 
0.765052 
0.143074 
110 
3.472299 
0.190041 
0.765052 
0.143074 
115 
3.472299 
0.190041 
0.765052 
0.143074 
Speed 
km/hour 
NO2 
CO2 as C 
SO2
5 
1.929674 
427.156400 
0.004040 
 
10 
1.241701 
328.983443 
0.004040 
 
15 
1.080513 
275.894838 
0.004040 
 
20 
0.902896 
244.184813 
0.004040 
 
25 
0.787066 
220.702597 
0.004040 
 
30 
0.706071 
201.841900 
0.004040 
 
35 
0.646957 
186.477513 
0.004040 
 
40 
0.602600 
174.231604 
0.004040 
 
45 
0.568693 
164.924406 
0.004040 
 
50 
0.542440 
158.380219 
0.004040 
 
55 
0.521913 
154.362607 
0.004040 
 
60 
0.505713 
152.563444 
0.004040 
 
65 
0.492787 
152.616799 
0.003434 
 
70 
0.482306 
154.125244 
0.003434 
 
75 
0.473601 
156.692794 
0.003434 
 
80 
0.466111 
159.961570 
0.003434 
 
85 
0.459361 
163.650650 
0.003434 
 
90 
0.458062 
167.596273 
0.003434 
 
95 
0.458062 
167.596273 
0.003434 
 
100 
0.458062 
167.596273 
0.003434 
 
105 
0.458062 
167.596273 
0.003434 
 
110 
0.458062 
167.596273 
0.003434 
 
115 
0.458062 
167.596273 
0.003434 
 
2 
 
2010 Motorway Speed Emission Factors for Articulated HGVs (g/km) 
Speed 
km/hour 
NOX 
PM10 
CO 
VOCs1 
5 
22.925674 
0.511677 
2.868146 
0.852177 
10 
15.099933 
0.404763 
2.108011 
0.611516 
15 
13.182067 
0.339015 
1.613747 
0.447781 
20 
10.960969 
0.298888 
1.302853 
0.345451 
25 
9.429895 
0.271008 
1.085754 
0.276649 
30 
8.307716 
0.250538 
0.928095 
0.229136 
35 
7.454928 
0.235164 
0.812207 
0.195901 
40 
6.791599 
0.223579 
0.727340 
0.172455 
45 
6.266920 
0.214964 
0.666297 
0.155824 
50 
5.845891 
0.208766 
0.623975 
0.144062 
55 
5.502787 
0.204586 
0.596616 
0.135942 
60 
5.217665 
0.202119 
0.581334 
0.130735 
65 
4.974356 
0.201104 
0.575793 
0.128015 
70 
4.759255 
0.201294 
0.577936 
0.127488 
75 
4.560554 
0.202424 
0.585761 
0.128832 
80 
4.367739 
0.204187 
0.597114 
0.131534 
85 
4.171248 
0.206214 
0.609487 
0.134739 
90 
4.130720 
0.208045 
0.619838 
0.137095 
95 
4.130720 
0.208045 
0.619838 
0.137095 
100 
4.130720 
0.208045 
0.619838 
0.137095 
105 
4.130720 
0.208045 
0.619838 
0.137095 
110 
4.130720 
0.208045 
0.619838 
0.137095 
115 
4.130720 
0.208045 
0.619838 
0.137095 
Speed 
km/hour 
NO2 
CO2 as C 
SO2
5 
2.837611 
710.088851 
0.005454 
 
10 
1.874031 
531.494555 
0.005454 
 
15 
1.642917 
453.695303 
0.005454 
 
20 
1.375419 
411.447240 
0.005454 
 
25 
1.190988 
377.652735 
0.005454 
 
30 
1.055750 
346.754180 
0.005454 
 
35 
0.952947 
318.411653 
0.005454 
 
40 
0.872983 
293.534828 
0.005454 
 
45 
0.809747 
273.060278 
0.005454 
 
50 
0.759015 
257.552377 
0.005454 
 
55 
0.717660 
247.103718 
0.005454 
 
60 
0.683242 
241.360311 
0.005454 
 
65 
0.653767 
239.604376 
0.004289 
 
70 
0.627541 
240.865937 
0.004289 
 
75 
0.603080 
244.049774 
0.004289 
 
80 
0.579053 
248.071016 
0.004289 
 
85 
0.554240 
251.995811 
0.004289 
 
90 
0.549082 
255.185108 
0.004289 
 
95 
0.549082 
255.185108 
0.004289 
 
100 
0.549082 
255.185108 
0.004289 
 
105 
0.549082 
255.185108 
0.004289 
 
110 
0.549082 
255.185108 
0.004289 
 
115 
0.549082 
255.185108 
0.004289 
 
2 
 
2010 Motorway Speed Emission Factors for Buses (g/km) 
Speed 
km/hour 
NOX 
PM10 
CO 
VOCs1 
5 
22.560696 
0.476956 
3.888315 
1.076287 
10 
14.408233 
0.378218 
2.921148 
0.676062 
15 
11.420293 
0.322640 
2.186207 
0.498813 
20 
9.304952 
0.289706 
1.710294 
0.409770 
25 
7.965020 
0.266555 
1.390238 
0.348672 
30 
7.023882 
0.249213 
1.170134 
0.300815 
35 
6.323386 
0.236031 
1.014079 
0.262434 
40 
5.783351 
0.226098 
0.898277 
0.232435 
45 
5.357465 
0.218744 
0.807449 
0.209992 
50 
5.016236 
0.213388 
0.732534 
0.193899 
55 
4.739372 
0.209501 
0.668859 
0.182558 
60 
4.512003 
0.206614 
0.614507 
0.174240 
65 
4.322638 
0.204362 
0.568771 
0.167463 
70 
4.161994 
0.202526 
0.530657 
0.161432 
75 
4.022280 
0.201090 
0.497412 
0.156517 
80 
4.022280 
0.201090 
0.497412 
0.156517 
85 
4.022280 
0.201090 
0.497412 
0.156517 
90 
4.022280 
0.201090 
0.497412 
0.156517 
95 
4.022280 
0.201090 
0.497412 
0.156517 
100 
4.022280 
0.201090 
0.497412 
0.156517 
105 
4.022280 
0.201090 
0.497412 
0.156517 
110 
4.022280 
0.201090 
0.497412 
0.156517 
115 
4.022280 
0.201090 
0.497412 
0.156517 
Speed 
km/hour 
NO2 
CO2 as C 
SO2
5 
2.892043 
732.078111 
0.004844 
 
10 
1.838106 
474.179046 
0.004844 
 
15 
1.449784 
344.418152 
0.004844 
 
20 
1.178996 
279.240436 
0.004844 
 
25 
1.009526 
240.220732 
0.004844 
 
30 
0.891376 
214.550652 
0.004844 
 
35 
0.803745 
196.740887 
0.004844 
 
40 
0.736198 
184.046782 
0.004844 
 
45 
0.682781 
174.943530 
0.004844 
 
50 
0.639754 
168.516245 
0.004844 
 
55 
0.604584 
164.182728 
0.004844 
 
60 
0.575446 
161.554846 
0.004844 
 
65 
0.550957 
160.363891 
0.003652 
 
70 
0.530018 
160.417930 
0.003652 
 
75 
0.511723 
161.576210 
0.003652 
 
80 
0.511723 
161.576210 
0.003652 
 
85 
0.511723 
161.576210 
0.003652 
 
90 
0.511723 
161.576210 
0.003652 
 
95 
0.511723 
161.576210 
0.003652 
 
100 
0.511723 
161.576210 
0.003652 
 
105 
0.511723 
161.576210 
0.003652 
 
110 
0.511723 
161.576210 
0.003652 
 
115 
0.511723 
161.576210 
0.003652 
 
2 
 
2010 Non-Motorway Speed Emission Factors for Motorcycles (g/km) 
Speed 
km/hour 
NOX 
PM10 
CO 
VOCs1 
5 
0.187811 
0.027148 
16.334771 
2.784528 
10 
0.166712 
0.027148 
13.474568 
2.354904 
15 
0.151294 
0.027148 
11.686837 
2.015895 
20 
0.141045 
0.027148 
10.462515 
1.750719 
25 
0.135344 
0.027148 
9.633485 
1.544918 
30 
0.133632 
0.027148 
9.100206 
1.386188 
35 
0.135426 
0.027148 
8.791800 
1.264212 
40 
0.140317 
0.027148 
8.655186 
1.170492 
45 
0.147966 
0.027148 
8.650686 
1.098185 
50 
0.158091 
0.027148 
8.749551 
1.041928 
55 
0.170463 
0.027148 
8.932205 
0.997679 
60 
0.184897 
0.027148 
9.186771 
0.962541 
65 
0.201240 
0.027148 
9.507748 
0.934600 
70 
0.219366 
0.027148 
9.894735 
0.912757 
75 
0.239167 
0.027148 
10.351213 
0.896555 
80 
0.260542 
0.027148 
10.883328 
0.886017 
85 
0.283391 
0.027148 
11.498700 
0.881478 
90 
0.307603 
0.027148 
12.205232 
0.883414 
95 
0.333051 
0.027148 
13.009925 
0.892275 
100 
0.359581 
0.027148 
13.917699 
0.908320 
105 
0.384218 
0.027148 
14.791694 
0.925059 
110 
0.411586 
0.027148 
15.807659 
0.950414 
115 
0.442468 
0.027148 
16.979994 
0.984767 
Speed 
km/hour 
NO2 
CO2 as C 
SO2
5 
0.007512 
60.159449 
0.000434 
 
10 
0.006668 
50.016274 
0.000434 
 
15 
0.006052 
42.340132 
0.000434 
 
20 
0.005642 
36.643187 
0.000434 
 
25 
0.005414 
32.509674 
0.000434 
 
30 
0.005345 
29.590257 
0.000434 
 
35 
0.005417 
27.596382 
0.000434 
 
40 
0.005613 
26.294637 
0.000434 
 
45 
0.005919 
25.501106 
0.000434 
 
50 
0.006324 
25.075725 
0.000434 
 
55 
0.006819 
24.916638 
0.000434 
 
60 
0.007396 
24.954554 
0.000434 
 
65 
0.008050 
25.147102 
0.000593 
 
70 
0.008775 
25.473188 
0.000593 
 
75 
0.009567 
25.927352 
0.000593 
 
80 
0.010422 
26.514120 
0.000593 
 
85 
0.011336 
27.242366 
0.000593 
 
90 
0.012304 
28.119663 
0.000593 
 
95 
0.013322 
29.146641 
0.000593 
 
100 
0.014383 
30.311346 
0.000593 
 
105 
0.015369 
31.501792 
0.000593 
 
110 
0.016463 
32.882498 
0.000593 
 
115 
0.017699 
34.446587 
0.000593 
 
2 
 
2010 Non-Motorway Speed Emission Factors for Petrol Cars (g/km) 
Speed 
km/hour 
NOX 
PM10 
CO 
VOCs1 
5 
0.289336 
0.068736 
8.563249 
0.902668 
10 
0.242448 
0.065840 
4.244569 
0.444498 
15 
0.233512 
0.064908 
2.818607 
0.293212 
20 
0.224186 
0.064475 
2.114763 
0.218634 
25 
0.213676 
0.064246 
1.700967 
0.174714 
30 
0.204430 
0.064125 
1.434480 
0.146097 
35 
0.196840 
0.064068 
1.254930 
0.126201 
40 
0.191100 
0.064056 
1.132621 
0.111737 
45 
0.187187 
0.064076 
1.051349 
0.100881 
50 
0.184918 
0.064123 
1.001567 
0.092544 
55 
0.184045 
0.064193 
0.977321 
0.086037 
60 
0.184323 
0.064285 
0.974744 
0.080907 
65 
0.186185 
0.064396 
0.991287 
0.076846 
70 
0.189795 
0.064528 
1.025302 
0.073637 
75 
0.194124 
0.064681 
1.075819 
0.071126 
80 
0.199144 
0.064856 
1.142438 
0.069201 
85 
0.204865 
0.065056 
1.225277 
0.067777 
90 
0.211332 
0.065281 
1.324965 
0.066791 
95 
0.218624 
0.065534 
1.442656 
0.066191 
100 
0.226865 
0.065818 
1.580062 
0.065936 
105 
0.236225 
0.066137 
1.739490 
0.065990 
110 
0.246934 
0.066492 
1.923900 
0.066318 
115 
0.259287 
0.066888 
2.136951 
0.066887 
Speed 
km/hour 
NO2 
CO2 as C 
SO2
5 
0.010726 
168.062192 
0.000722 
 
10 
0.008890 
97.604491 
0.000722 
 
15 
0.008572 
74.102024 
0.000722 
 
20 
0.008239 
62.396062 
0.000722 
 
25 
0.007866 
55.454858 
0.000722 
 
30 
0.007541 
50.934497 
0.000722 
 
35 
0.007281 
47.830444 
0.000722 
 
40 
0.007093 
45.640431 
0.000722 
 
45 
0.006976 
44.085421 
0.000722 
 
50 
0.006922 
42.997990 
0.000722 
 
55 
0.006923 
42.271598 
0.000722 
 
60 
0.006968 
41.835217 
0.000722 
 
65 
0.007071 
41.639673 
0.000673 
 
70 
0.007237 
41.649844 
0.000673 
 
75 
0.007431 
41.839971 
0.000673 
 
80 
0.007650 
42.190737 
0.000673 
 
85 
0.007894 
42.687369 
0.000673 
 
90 
0.008165 
43.318377 
0.000673 
 
95 
0.008465 
44.074691 
0.000673 
 
100 
0.008797 
44.949054 
0.000673 
 
105 
0.009166 
45.935591 
0.000673 
 
110 
0.009580 
47.029496 
0.000673 
 
115 
0.010047 
48.226799 
0.000673 
 
2 
 
2010 Non-Motorway Speed Emission Factors for Diesel Cars (g/km) 
Speed 
km/hour 
NOX 
PM10 
CO 
VOCs1 
5 
1.900327 
0.127480 
0.836106 
0.188120 
10 
1.026703 
0.100322 
0.418250 
0.099552 
15 
0.899070 
0.091646 
0.278873 
0.069988 
20 
0.807259 
0.087555 
0.209108 
0.055175 
25 
0.736019 
0.085287 
0.167181 
0.046262 
30 
0.678674 
0.083933 
0.139169 
0.040299 
35 
0.631835 
0.083107 
0.119103 
0.036022 
40 
0.593606 
0.082624 
0.104000 
0.032798 
45 
0.562850 
0.082381 
0.092202 
0.030277 
50 
0.538855 
0.082319 
0.082716 
0.028248 
55 
0.521164 
0.082400 
0.074908 
0.026576 
60 
0.509481 
0.082601 
0.068358 
0.025173 
65 
0.503629 
0.082905 
0.062772 
0.023976 
70 
0.503512 
0.083302 
0.057942 
0.022941 
75 
0.509109 
0.083784 
0.053717 
0.022035 
80 
0.520467 
0.084348 
0.049981 
0.021235 
85 
0.537708 
0.084992 
0.046646 
0.020522 
90 
0.561045 
0.085719 
0.043645 
0.019881 
95 
0.590814 
0.086532 
0.040924 
0.019301 
100 
0.627536 
0.087441 
0.038441 
0.018772 
105 
0.672017 
0.088456 
0.036160 
0.018288 
110 
0.725555 
0.089593 
0.034053 
0.017843 
115 
0.790349 
0.090870 
0.032098 
0.017430 
Speed 
km/hour 
NO2 
CO2 as C 
SO2
5 
0.749046 
113.559234 
0.000752 
 
10 
0.406028 
76.260245 
0.000752 
 
15 
0.361516 
62.743814 
0.000752 
 
20 
0.326828 
55.298449 
0.000752 
 
25 
0.298283 
50.381850 
0.000752 
 
30 
0.274291 
46.813250 
0.000752 
 
35 
0.254055 
44.086609 
0.000752 
 
40 
0.237134 
41.948903 
0.000752 
 
45 
0.223266 
40.259566 
0.000752 
 
50 
0.212286 
38.934257 
0.000752 
 
55 
0.204091 
37.919305 
0.000752 
 
60 
0.198614 
37.178929 
0.000752 
 
65 
0.195815 
36.688358 
0.000678 
 
70 
0.195675 
36.429898 
0.000678 
 
75 
0.198190 
36.390574 
0.000678 
 
80 
0.203373 
36.560653 
0.000678 
 
85 
0.211257 
36.932695 
0.000678 
 
90 
0.221893 
37.500911 
0.000678 
 
95 
0.235368 
38.260732 
0.000678 
 
100 
0.251810 
39.208502 
0.000678 
 
105 
0.271423 
40.341261 
0.000678 
 
110 
0.294535 
41.656589 
0.000678 
 
115 
0.321709 
43.152485 
0.000678 
 
2 
 
2010 Non-Motorway Speed Emission Factors for Petrol LGVs (g/km) 
Speed 
km/hour 
NOX 
PM10 
CO 
VOCs1 
5 
1.020082 
0.076850 
43.602661 
2.152068 
10 
0.576121 
0.073894 
21.046869 
1.138742 
15 
0.575714 
0.072939 
13.666799 
0.802718 
20 
0.575934 
0.072493 
10.080402 
0.635529 
25 
0.574545 
0.072256 
8.011714 
0.535717 
30 
0.575080 
0.072129 
6.702396 
0.469603 
35 
0.577474 
0.072068 
5.827675 
0.422835 
40 
0.581652 
0.072052 
5.225337 
0.388282 
45 
0.587525 
0.072070 
4.805397 
0.362007 
50 
0.594994 
0.072115 
4.513974 
0.341658 
55 
0.603955 
0.072184 
4.316874 
0.325747 
60 
0.614306 
0.072275 
4.191388 
0.313289 
65 
0.627246 
0.072386 
4.121878 
0.303619 
70 
0.643389 
0.072519 
4.097259 
0.296282 
75 
0.660786 
0.072674 
4.109497 
0.290981 
80 
0.679437 
0.072853 
4.152664 
0.287542 
85 
0.699340 
0.073057 
4.222340 
0.285894 
90 
0.720501 
0.073289 
4.315210 
0.286067 
95 
0.742922 
0.073553 
4.428795 
0.288180 
100 
0.766612 
0.073850 
4.561267 
0.292451 
105 
0.791582 
0.074095 
4.655611 
0.299600 
110 
0.817845 
0.074371 
4.761854 
0.309449 
115 
0.831462 
0.074680 
4.879370 
0.322479 
Speed 
km/hour 
NO2 
CO2 as C 
SO2
5 
0.039712 
267.209210 
0.000934 
 
10 
0.022411 
144.391649 
0.000934 
 
15 
0.022432 
104.096106 
0.000934 
 
20 
0.022478 
84.457535 
0.000934 
 
25 
0.022469 
73.108254 
0.000934 
 
30 
0.022532 
65.930287 
0.000934 
 
35 
0.022664 
61.162847 
0.000934 
 
40 
0.022862 
57.929201 
0.000934 
 
45 
0.023124 
55.745629 
0.000934 
 
50 
0.023446 
54.325005 
0.000934 
 
55 
0.023824 
53.487521 
0.000934 
 
60 
0.024254 
53.116037 
0.000934 
 
65 
0.024779 
53.132057 
0.000947 
 
70 
0.025422 
53.481980 
0.000947 
 
75 
0.026112 
54.128869 
0.000947 
 
80 
0.026850 
55.047295 
0.000947 
 
85 
0.027634 
56.220005 
0.000947 
 
90 
0.028466 
57.635704 
0.000947 
 
95 
0.029346 
59.287525 
0.000947 
 
100 
0.030273 
61.171978 
0.000947 
 
105 
0.031248 
62.908477 
0.000947 
 
110 
0.032272 
64.832499 
0.000947 
 
115 
0.032786 
66.947141 
0.000947 
 
2 
 
2010 Non-Motorway Speed Emission Factors for Diesel LGVs (g/km) 
Speed 
km/hour 
NOX 
PM10 
CO 
VOCs1 
5 
2.340887 
0.246635 
2.125479 
0.420903 
10 
1.290486 
0.162240 
1.066012 
0.209164 
15 
1.190722 
0.134588 
0.717006 
0.139148 
20 
1.101745 
0.121097 
0.545616 
0.104565 
25 
1.022614 
0.113284 
0.445271 
0.084158 
30 
0.952915 
0.108346 
0.380450 
0.070843 
35 
0.892441 
0.105096 
0.335928 
0.061582 
40 
0.841073 
0.102953 
0.304092 
0.054858 
45 
0.798741 
0.101601 
0.280714 
0.049828 
50 
0.765402 
0.100859 
0.263257 
0.045987 
55 
0.741027 
0.100621 
0.250105 
0.043013 
60 
0.725599 
0.100825 
0.240183 
0.040691 
65 
0.719105 
0.101440 
0.232745 
0.038874 
70 
0.721540 
0.102458 
0.227259 
0.037457 
75 
0.732904 
0.103888 
0.223334 
0.036362 
80 
0.753198 
0.105759 
0.220678 
0.035531 
85 
0.782430 
0.108113 
0.219067 
0.034920 
90 
0.820614 
0.111013 
0.218326 
0.034495 
95 
0.867770 
0.114537 
0.218319 
0.034230 
100 
0.923930 
0.118781 
0.218935 
0.034102 
105 
0.989145 
0.123862 
0.220085 
0.034096 
110 
1.063493 
0.129919 
0.221696 
0.034196 
115 
1.067494 
0.137113 
0.223708 
0.034392 
Speed 
km/hour 
NO2 
CO2 as C 
SO2
5 
0.952297 
225.105062 
0.000937 
 
10 
0.525243 
122.554511 
0.000937 
 
15 
0.485183 
88.957791 
0.000937 
 
20 
0.449215 
72.707153 
0.000937 
 
25 
0.417113 
63.478947 
0.000937 
 
30 
0.388778 
57.832441 
0.000937 
 
35 
0.364161 
54.295369 
0.000937 
 
40 
0.343234 
52.135318 
0.000937 
 
45 
0.325982 
50.950189 
0.000937 
 
50 
0.312394 
50.504382 
0.000937 
 
55 
0.302464 
50.654337 
0.000937 
 
60 
0.296188 
51.311300 
0.000937 
 
65 
0.293562 
52.421275 
0.001292 
 
70 
0.294587 
53.953574 
0.001292 
 
75 
0.299262 
55.893937 
0.001292 
 
80 
0.307588 
58.240241 
0.001292 
 
85 
0.319566 
60.999718 
0.001292 
 
90 
0.335200 
64.187101 
0.001292 
 
95 
0.354495 
67.823359 
0.001292 
 
100 
0.377459 
71.934808 
0.001292 
 
105 
0.404105 
76.552475 
0.001292 
 
110 
0.434453 
81.711643 
0.001292 
 
115 
0.436131 
87.451500 
0.001292 
 
2 
 
2010 Non-Motorway Speed Emission Factors for Rigid HGVs (g/km) 
Speed 
km/hour 
NOX 
PM10 
CO 
VOCs1 
5 
15.172736 
0.412129 
3.464281 
0.794969 
10 
9.776897 
0.340210 
2.539315 
0.585001 
15 
8.505249 
0.291502 
1.953023 
0.440051 
20 
7.096489 
0.260059 
1.587641 
0.347328 
25 
6.171630 
0.237768 
1.331694 
0.283202 
30 
5.520664 
0.221394 
1.144137 
0.237498 
35 
5.042433 
0.209219 
1.004729 
0.204469 
40 
4.681165 
0.200177 
0.901529 
0.180450 
45 
4.403059 
0.193557 
0.826633 
0.163002 
50 
4.186097 
0.188868 
0.774387 
0.150496 
55 
4.015074 
0.185758 
0.740502 
0.141861 
60 
3.878966 
0.183974 
0.721541 
0.136405 
65 
3.769441 
0.183314 
0.714584 
0.133657 
70 
3.679971 
0.183604 
0.716970 
0.133235 
75 
3.605278 
0.184664 
0.726096 
0.134712 
80 
3.540973 
0.186283 
0.739236 
0.137498 
85 
3.483323 
0.188192 
0.753374 
0.140713 
90 
3.472299 
0.190041 
0.765052 
0.143074 
95 
3.472299 
0.190041 
0.765052 
0.143074 
100 
3.472299 
0.190041 
0.765052 
0.143074 
105 
3.472299 
0.190041 
0.765052 
0.143074 
110 
3.472299 
0.190041 
0.765052 
0.143074 
115 
3.472299 
0.190041 
0.765052 
0.143074 
Speed 
km/hour 
NO2 
CO2 as C 
SO2
5 
1.929674 
427.156400 
0.004040 
 
10 
1.241701 
328.983443 
0.004040 
 
15 
1.080513 
275.894838 
0.004040 
 
20 
0.902896 
244.184813 
0.004040 
 
25 
0.787066 
220.702597 
0.004040 
 
30 
0.706071 
201.841900 
0.004040 
 
35 
0.646957 
186.477513 
0.004040 
 
40 
0.602600 
174.231604 
0.004040 
 
45 
0.568693 
164.924406 
0.004040 
 
50 
0.542440 
158.380219 
0.004040 
 
55 
0.521913 
154.362607 
0.004040 
 
60 
0.505713 
152.563444 
0.004040 
 
65 
0.492787 
152.616799 
0.003434 
 
70 
0.482306 
154.125244 
0.003434 
 
75 
0.473601 
156.692794 
0.003434 
 
80 
0.466111 
159.961570 
0.003434 
 
85 
0.459361 
163.650650 
0.003434 
 
90 
0.458062 
167.596273 
0.003434 
 
95 
0.458062 
167.596273 
0.003434 
 
100 
0.458062 
167.596273 
0.003434 
 
105 
0.458062 
167.596273 
0.003434 
 
110 
0.458062 
167.596273 
0.003434 
 
115 
0.458062 
167.596273 
0.003434 
 
2 
 
2010 Non-Motorway Speed Emission Factors for Articulated HGVs (g/km) 
Speed 
km/hour 
NOX 
PM10 
CO 
VOCs1 
5 
22.925674 
0.511677 
2.868146 
0.852177 
10 
15.099933 
0.404763 
2.108011 
0.611516 
15 
13.182067 
0.339015 
1.613747 
0.447781 
20 
10.960969 
0.298888 
1.302853 
0.345451 
25 
9.429895 
0.271008 
1.085754 
0.276649 
30 
8.307716 
0.250538 
0.928095 
0.229136 
35 
7.454928 
0.235164 
0.812207 
0.195901 
40 
6.791599 
0.223579 
0.727340 
0.172455 
45 
6.266920 
0.214964 
0.666297 
0.155824 
50 
5.845891 
0.208766 
0.623975 
0.144062 
55 
5.502787 
0.204586 
0.596616 
0.135942 
60 
5.217665 
0.202119 
0.581334 
0.130735 
65 
4.974356 
0.201104 
0.575793 
0.128015 
70 
4.759255 
0.201294 
0.577936 
0.127488 
75 
4.560554 
0.202424 
0.585761 
0.128832 
80 
4.367739 
0.204187 
0.597114 
0.131534 
85 
4.171248 
0.206214 
0.609487 
0.134739 
90 
4.130720 
0.208045 
0.619838 
0.137095 
95 
4.130720 
0.208045 
0.619838 
0.137095 
100 
4.130720 
0.208045 
0.619838 
0.137095 
105 
4.130720 
0.208045 
0.619838 
0.137095 
110 
4.130720 
0.208045 
0.619838 
0.137095 
115 
4.130720 
0.208045 
0.619838 
0.137095 
Speed 
km/hour 
NO2 
CO2 as C 
SO2
5 
2.837611 
710.088851 
0.005454 
 
10 
1.874031 
531.494555 
0.005454 
 
15 
1.642917 
453.695303 
0.005454 
 
20 
1.375419 
411.447240 
0.005454 
 
25 
1.190988 
377.652735 
0.005454 
 
30 
1.055750 
346.754180 
0.005454 
 
35 
0.952947 
318.411653 
0.005454 
 
40 
0.872983 
293.534828 
0.005454 
 
45 
0.809747 
273.060278 
0.005454 
 
50 
0.759015 
257.552377 
0.005454 
 
55 
0.717660 
247.103718 
0.005454 
 
60 
0.683242 
241.360311 
0.005454 
 
65 
0.653767 
239.604376 
0.004289 
 
70 
0.627541 
240.865937 
0.004289 
 
75 
0.603080 
244.049774 
0.004289 
 
80 
0.579053 
248.071016 
0.004289 
 
85 
0.554240 
251.995811 
0.004289 
 
90 
0.549082 
255.185108 
0.004289 
 
95 
0.549082 
255.185108 
0.004289 
 
100 
0.549082 
255.185108 
0.004289 
 
105 
0.549082 
255.185108 
0.004289 
 
110 
0.549082 
255.185108 
0.004289 
 
115 
0.549082 
255.185108 
0.004289 
 
2 
 
2010 Non-Motorway Speed Emission Factors for Buses (g/km) 
Speed 
km/hour 
NOX 
PM10 
CO 
VOCs1 
5 
22.560696 
0.476956 
3.888315 
1.076287 
10 
14.408233 
0.378218 
2.921148 
0.676062 
15 
11.420293 
0.322640 
2.186207 
0.498813 
20 
9.304952 
0.289706 
1.710294 
0.409770 
25 
7.965020 
0.266555 
1.390238 
0.348672 
30 
7.023882 
0.249213 
1.170134 
0.300815 
35 
6.323386 
0.236031 
1.014079 
0.262434 
40 
5.783351 
0.226098 
0.898277 
0.232435 
45 
5.357465 
0.218744 
0.807449 
0.209992 
50 
5.016236 
0.213388 
0.732534 
0.193899 
55 
4.739372 
0.209501 
0.668859 
0.182558 
60 
4.512003 
0.206614 
0.614507 
0.174240 
65 
4.322638 
0.204362 
0.568771 
0.167463 
70 
4.161994 
0.202526 
0.530657 
0.161432 
75 
4.022280 
0.201090 
0.497412 
0.156517 
80 
4.022280 
0.201090 
0.497412 
0.156517 
85 
4.022280 
0.201090 
0.497412 
0.156517 
90 
4.022280 
0.201090 
0.497412 
0.156517 
95 
4.022280 
0.201090 
0.497412 
0.156517 
100 
4.022280 
0.201090 
0.497412 
0.156517 
105 
4.022280 
0.201090 
0.497412 
0.156517 
110 
4.022280 
0.201090 
0.497412 
0.156517 
115 
4.022280 
0.201090 
0.497412 
0.156517 
Speed 
km/hour 
NO2 
CO2 as C 
SO2
5 
2.892043 
732.078111 
0.004844 
 
10 
1.838106 
474.179046 
0.004844 
 
15 
1.449784 
344.418152 
0.004844 
 
20 
1.178996 
279.240436 
0.004844 
 
25 
1.009526 
240.220732 
0.004844 
 
30 
0.891376 
214.550652 
0.004844 
 
35 
0.803745 
196.740887 
0.004844 
 
40 
0.736198 
184.046782 
0.004844 
 
45 
0.682781 
174.943530 
0.004844 
 
50 
0.639754 
168.516245 
0.004844 
 
55 
0.604584 
164.182728 
0.004844 
 
60 
0.575446 
161.554846 
0.004844 
 
65 
0.550957 
160.363891 
0.003652 
 
70 
0.530018 
160.417930 
0.003652 
 
75 
0.511723 
161.576210 
0.003652 
 
80 
0.511723 
161.576210 
0.003652 
 
85 
0.511723 
161.576210 
0.003652 
 
90 
0.511723 
161.576210 
0.003652 
 
95 
0.511723 
161.576210 
0.003652 
 
100 
0.511723 
161.576210 
0.003652 
 
105 
0.511723 
161.576210 
0.003652 
 
110 
0.511723 
161.576210 
0.003652 
 
115 
0.511723 
161.576210 
0.003652 
 
2 
 

## Table A2.17 2010 Fleet Composition Data

| Vehicle Type                | Emission Standard    |   Percentage |
|-----------------------------|----------------------|--------------|
|                             |                      |              |
| 0.35                        |                      |              |
| 2.49                        |                      |              |
| 0.53                        |                      |              |
| 12.56                       |                      |              |
| 2.61                        |                      |              |
| 39.65                       |                      |              |
| 0.50                        |                      |              |
| 36.82                       |                      |              |
| Petrol Cars                 | Pre-Euro I           |              |
| Euro I (Cat OK)             |                      |              |
| Euro I (Failed Cat)         |                      |              |
| Euro II (Cat OK)            |                      |              |
| Euro II (Failed Cat)        |                      |              |
| Euro III (Cat OK)           |                      |              |
| Euro III (Failed Cat)       |                      |              |
| Euro IV (Cat OK)            |                      |              |
| Euro IV (Failed Cat)        |                      |              |
| Euro V (Cat OK)             |                      |              |
| Euro V (Failed Cat)         |                      |              |
| 0.44                        |                      |              |
| 4.03                        |                      |              |
| 0.03                        |                      |              |
| % by engine size            | < 1.4                |              |
| 1.4 - 2.0                   |                      |              |
| > 2.0                       |                      |              |
| 41.28                       |                      |              |
| 45.71                       |                      |              |
| 13.01                       |                      |              |
| % Petrol Cars               | Motorways            |              |
| Other Roads                 |                      |              |
| 56.01                       |                      |              |
| 65.62                       |                      |              |
| 0.08                        |                      |              |
| 1.47                        |                      |              |
| 5.29                        |                      |              |
| 27.14                       |                      |              |
| 5.06                        |                      |              |
| 43.15                       |                      |              |
| 10.79                       |                      |              |
| Diesel Cars                 | Pre-Euro I           |              |
| Euro I                      |                      |              |
| Euro II                     |                      |              |
| Euro III                    |                      |              |
| Euro III + particulate trap |                      |              |
| Euro IV                     |                      |              |
| Euro IV + particulate trap  |                      |              |
| Euro V (Cat OK)             |                      |              |
| Euro V (Failed Cat)         |                      |              |
| 6.98                        |                      |              |
| 0.04                        |                      |              |
| 7.72                        | % by engine size     |              |
|                             |                      |              |
| < 1.4                       |                      |              |
| 1.4 - 2.0                   |                      |              |
| > 2.0                       |                      |              |
| 61.96                       |                      |              |
| 30.32                       |                      |              |
| % Diesel Cars               | Motorways            |              |
| Other Roads                 |                      |              |
| 43.99                       |                      |              |
| 34.38                       |                      |              |
| 3.55                        |                      |              |
| 4.90                        |                      |              |
| 1.03                        |                      |              |
| 28.46                       |                      |              |
| 5.88                        |                      |              |
| 26.14                       |                      |              |
| 4.55                        |                      |              |
| 23.35                       |                      |              |
| 2.14                        |                      |              |
| Petrol LGV                  | Pre-Euro I           |              |
| Euro I (Cat OK)             |                      |              |
| Euro I (Failed Cat)         |                      |              |
| Euro II (Cat OK)            |                      |              |
| Euro II (Failed Cat)        |                      |              |
| Euro III (Cat OK)           |                      |              |
| Euro III (Failed Cat)       |                      |              |
| Euro IV (Cat OK)            |                      |              |
| Euro IV (Failed Cat)        |                      |              |
|                             |                      |              |
| % Petrol LGVs               |                      |         4.11 |
| 0.26                        |                      |              |
| 0.74                        |                      |              |
| 7.38                        |                      |              |
| Diesel LGV                  | Pre-Euro I           |              |
| Euro I                      |                      |              |
| Euro II                     |                      |              |
| Euro III                    |                      |              |
| Euro IV                     |                      |              |
| 27.18                       |                      |              |
| 64.45                       |                      |              |
| % Diesel LGVs               |                      |        95.89 |
0.00 0.49 
Rigid HGVs Euro V SCR vs EGR 
Pre-Euro I Euro I Euro II Euro III  
Euro IV Euro V SCR EGR 
10.41 41.42 
25.82 21.86 75.00 25.00 
Motorways Other Roads 
52.07 78.89 
% Rigid HGVs (of total HGV) 
0.00 0.06 2.69 
Artic HGVs 
Pre-Euro I Euro I Euro II Euro III  
Euro IV Euro V 
30.69 
31.57 35.00 
% Artic HGV(of total HGV) 
Motorways Other Roads 
47.93 21.11 
0.97 1.75 
Buses Euro V SCR vs EGR 
Pre-Euro I Euro I Euro II Euro III Euro IV Euro V SCR EGR 
16.64 42.98 18.76 18.90 75.00 25.00 
Motorways Other Roads 
0.44 0.72 
Motorcycles (as % of cars) Notes The traffic flows that are input to EMIGMA do not include motorcycles. Motorcycle flows are treated as additional volumes, expressed as a percentage of the input car flows. 

The Petrol/Diesel splits for cars and LGVs have been obtained from NAEI Reference 7).  
The Rigid/Articulated HGV percentages are used to convert from assigned OGV flows to Rigid/Artic HGV volumes, by road type. 

|     |
|-----|
|     |

## Table A2.18 2010 Emigma Road Traffic Expansion Factors

Hour to Period Factors 
 
Motorways 
Other Roads 
 
AM Peak 
Off-Peak 
PM Peak 
AM Peak 
Off-Peak 
PM Peak 
Cars/Motorcycles 
2.758 
9.552 
2.750 
2.584 
9.467 
2.763 
LGVS 
3.269 
9.552 
3.037 
3.056 
9.467 
3.090 
OGVS 
3.129 
9.552 
3.113 
3.041 
9.467 
3.278 
Buses 
3.190 
9.552 
3.268 
2.848 
9.467 
3.125 
Weekday to Saturday/Sunday/Bank Holiday Factors 
 
Motorways 
Other Roads 
Weekday Off-Peak Period - Saturday 
1.300 
1.433 
Weekday Off-Peak Period - Sunday 
1.176 
1.200 
Weekday Off-Peak Period - Bank Holiday 
1.176 
1.200 
Day Factors 
Average Weekday - Annual Weekdays 
253 
Saturday - Annual Saturdays 
52 
Sunday - Annual Sundays 
52 
Bank Holiday - Annual Bank Holidays 
8 
 
Notes: AM peak period = 0700-1000 PM peak period = 1600-1900 Off-peak period = 0000-0700 + 1000-1600 + 1900-2400 

2010 Fleet-Weighted Cold Start Emission Factors (g/trip) 
Vehicle Type 
Pollutant  
Factor 
0.809950 
17.721149 
Petrol Car 
0.381775 
 
- 
NMVOCs CO 
NOX PM10 
0.107670 0.175649 0.397301 0.091409 
Diesel Car 
NMVOCs CO 
NOX 
PM10 
1.595620 
33.738465 
0.546397 
 
- 
Petrol LGV 
NMVOCs CO 
NOX PM10 
0.204554 0.721359 0.401770 0.127562 
Diesel LGV 
NMVOCs CO 
NOX PM10 

Notes: 2010 cold start emission factors were not available at the time the 2010 EMIGMA update was carried out. 2010 factors were therefore estimated by applying the percentage change in warm running emission factors (at a speed of 40 kph) to an updated set of 2008 cold start factors supplied by the NAEI in March 2011. 

2010 Fleet-Weighted Hot Soak Emission Factors (g/trip) 
Vehicle Type 
Pollutant  
Factor 
Petrol Car 
NMVOCs 
0.128242 
Petrol LGV 
NMVOCs 
0.000219 

Notes: 2010 hot soak factors were not available at the time the 2010 EMIGMA update was carried out. 2010 factors were therefore estimated by applying the percentage change in warm running emission factors (at a speed of 40 kph) to an updated set of 2008 cold start factors supplied by the NAEI in March 2011. 

Appendix 3 Emission Factors for Domestic and Commercial Combustion  
The following tables show the comparison of the 2007 to 2008 emission factors used for the calculation of the domestic and commercial combustion Table A3.1 Domestic Gas Combustion Emission Factors Table A3.2 
Domestic Coke Combustion Emission Factors Table A3.3 
Domestic Oil Combustion Emission Factors Table A3.4 
Commercial Gas Combustion Emission Factors 
 

Factor (kilotonne per Megatherm fuel consumed) 
Factor (kilotonne per kWh fuel consumed) 
Pollutant 
2007 
2008 
2010 
2007 
2008 
2010 
CO2 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
5.12E-08 
5.12E-08 
5.12E-08 
CH4 
5.28E-04 
5.28E-04 
5.30E-04 
1.80E-11 
1.80E-11 
1.81E-11 
CO 
3.25E-03 
3.25E-03 
3.20E-03 
1.11E-10 
1.11E-10 
1.09E-10 
NO 
1.06E-05 
1.06E-05 
1.10E-05 
3.62E-13 
3.62E-13 
3.75E-13 
NOX as NO2 
7.30E-03 
7.30E-03 
2.30E-04 
2.49E-10 
2.49E-10 
7.85E-11 
NMVOCs 
2.34E-04 
2.34E-04 
2.40E-04 
7.98E-12 
7.98E-12 
8.19E-12 
C6H6  
2.10E-05 
2.10E-05 
2.10E-05 
7.17E-13 
7.17E-13 
7.17E-13 
PM10 
5.28E-05 
5.28E-05 
5.30E-05 
1.80E-12 
1.80E-12 
1.81E-12 

 
Notes 
 
Using 1 therm  = 105.506MJ  = 29.307kWh, 1 megatherm = 29.307e6 kWh  
 

## Domestic Coke Combustion Emission Factors

Emission factor (kilotonne per Megatonne fuel consumed) 
Pollutant 
2007 
2008 
2010 
CO2 
800 
800 
850 
CH4 
5.8 
5.8 
5.8 
CO 
119 
119 
120 
NO 
0.117 
0.117 
0.12 
NOX as NO2 
3 
3 
3 
NMVOCs 
4.9 
4.9 
4.9 
C6H6  
0.217 
0.217 
0.22 
PM10 
3 
3 
3 
SO2 
16 
16 
15 
 
Domestic Oil Combustion Emission Factors  
Emission factor (kilotonne per Megatonne fuel consumed) 
Pollutant 
2007 
2008 
2010 
CO2 
879 
879 
880 
CH4 
0.433 
0.433 
0.43 
CO 
0 
0 
0 
NO 
0.0262 
0.0262 
0.026 
NOX as NO2 
0 
0 
0 
NMVOCs 
0.142 
0.142 
0.14 
C6H6  
0.0071 
0.0071 
0.0069 
PM10 
0 
0 
0 
SO2 
17 
17 
15 
 
Factor (kilotonne per Megatherm fuel consumed) 
Factor (kilotonne per kWh fuel consumed) 
Pollutant 
2007 
2008 
2010 
2007 
2008 
2010 
CO2 
1.5 
1.48 
1.50 
5.12E-08 
5.04E-08 
5.12E-08 
CH4 
5.28E-04 
5.28E-04 
5.30E-04 
1.80E-11 
1.80E-11 
1.81E-11 
CO 
1.36E-03 
1.36E-03 
1.50E-03 
4.64E-11 
4.63E-11 
5.12E-11 
NO 
1.06E-05 
1.06E-05 
1.10E-05 
3.62E-13 
3.60E-13 
3.75E-13 
NOX as NO2 
5.91E-03 
5.91E-03 
6.10E-03 
2.02E-10 
2.02E-10 
2.08E-10 
NMVOCs 
2.34E-04 
2.34E-04 
2.40E-04 
7.98E-12 
7.98E-12 
8.19E-12 
C6H6  
2.13E-05 
2.13E-05 
2.10E-05 
7.27E-13 
7.25E-13 
7.17E-13 
PM10 
8.06E-05 
8.06E-05 
9.60E-05 
2.75E-12 
2.75E-12 
3.28E-12 

 
Notes 
 
Using 1 therm  = 105.506MJ  = 29.307kWh, 1 megatherm = 29.307e6 kWh Appendix 4 Emission Factors for Light Aircraft and Helicopters  
Table A5.1 shows the emission factors used for the calculation of the emissions from light aircraft and helicopters from City Airport Manchester 

## Light Aircraft  Emission Factors

Combined Emission 
Factor 
g/LTO 
Aircraft Weight categories  
Aircraft assumed  
Engine Assumed 
HC 
CO 
NOX 
- 
Rotax 912 
46.8 
940 
33 
Aircraft upto 450kg (Microlights) Aircraft 451kg - 1200kg 
- 
Lycoming IO- 360-A1B6 
102 4922 
5 
Helicopters < 1200kg (Piston) 
Enstrom 280c 
HIO-360 
102 6591 
14 
Helicopters > 1200kg (Turbine) 
Eurocopter AS 350 Ecureuil 
Arriel 1B 
294 
375 
129 

 
Notes 
 
LTO refers to Landing and Take Off Appendix 5 Emission Factors for Agriculture  
Table A5.1 shows the emission factors used for the calculation of the methane emissions from livestock 

Methane Emission Factors  
Manure 
Combined 
Description 
Enteric 
Fermentation 
Management 
Emission Factor 
Dairy cows 
100 
14 
114 
Other cattle 
48 
6 
54 
Pigs 
1.5 
3 
4.5 
Sheep 
8 
0.19 
8.19 
Goats 
5 
0.12 
5.12 
Poultry 
Not relevant 
0.078 
0.078 

 
Notes 
 
Emission factors in kilograms of CH4 per animal Appendix 6 Emission Factors for Rail  
Table A6.1 shows the emission factors for each train class. These were obtained from the Rail Emission Model report on the DfT website (Reference 22) 

Rail Emission Factors  
Train type (class) 
CO2 
SO2 
VOCs 
CO 
PM10 
NOX 
Class 37 
11270 
14.3 
12.1 
24.5 
5.1 
51.8 
Class 47 
16723 
21.3 
30.8 
26.1 
5.1 
80.1 
Class 56 
21441 
27.3 
21.6 
43.2 
5.1 
129.6 
Class 58 
21441 
27.3 
11.6 
22.5 
5.1 
103.5 
Class 60 
20154 
25.7 
10.4 
21.6 
4.7 
129.6 
Class 66 
19147 
24.4 
17.3 
6.8 
2.9 
120 
Class 67 
9277 
11.8 
10.6 
3.8 
1.6 
66.7 
Class 47+7 passenger coaches 
9764 
12.4 
11.1 
39.9 
5.1 
127.6 
Class 101 (1PC + 1TC) 
2606 
3.3 
2.5 
2.6 
0.9 
26.5 
Class 116 (2PC + 0TC) 
2420 
3.1 
2.3 
2.4 
0.8 
24.6 
Class 117 (2PC + 1TC) 
3351 
4.3 
3.2 
3.4 
1.1 
34.1 
Class 121 (1PC + 0TC) 
1564 
2 
1.5 
1.6 
0.5 
15.9 
Class 122 (1PC + 0TC) 
1713 
2.2 
1.7 
1.7 
0.6 
17.4 
IC125 (2PC) 
12170 
31 
29.1 
56.2 
17 
194.8 
Class 141/1 (2PC + 0TC) 
2085 
2.7 
2 
2.1 
0.7 
21.2 
Class 143/6 (2PC + 0TC) 
2011 
2.6 
1.9 
2 
0.7 
20.5 
Class 144 (2PC + 0TC) 
1862 
2.4 
1.8 
1.9 
0.6 
18.9 
Class 144 (3PC + 0TC) 
2606 
3.3 
2.5 
2.6 
0.9 
26.5 
Class 150 (3PC + 0TC) 
3202 
4.1 
3.1 
3.2 
1.1 
32.6 
Class 153/0 (1PC + 0TC) 
1415 
1.8 
1.4 
1.4 
0.5 
14.4 
Class 156 (2PC + 0TC) 
2234 
2.8 
2.2 
2.2 
0.7 
22.7 
Class 156 (3PC + 0TC) 
2904 
3.7 
2.8 
2.9 
1 
29.5 
Class 158/0 (2PC + 0TC) 
2793 
3.6 
2.7 
2.8 
0.9 
28.4 
Class 158/0 (3PC + 0TC) 
3723 
4.7 
3.6 
3.7 
1.2 
37.9 
Class 159/0 (3PC + 0TC) 
3723 
4.7 
3.6 
3.7 
1.2 
37.9 
Class 165 (2PC + 0TC) 
1824 
2.3 
1.8 
1.8 
0.6 
18.6 
Class 165 (3PC + 0TC) 
2979 
3.8 
2.9 
3 
1 
30.3 
Class 166/0 (3PC + 0TC) 
2979 
3.8 
2.9 
3 
1 
30.3 
Class 221 (1PC + 3TC) 
2594 
3.3 
2.5 
8.2 
0.9 
26.8 
Siemens future diesel 3 car unit 
5570 
7.1 
5.4 
5.6 
1.8 
56.7 

 Notes 
 
Emission factors in g/km 

## Appendix 7 Associated Files Table A7.1 Shows The Associated Files That Are Available For Local Authority Use Only. Table A7.1 Associated Files

ESRI\Rail\RailLinks2010_polyline.shp ESRI\Rail\RailLinks2010_polyline.shx ESRI\Rail\RailLinks2010_polyline.dbf ESRI\Rail\RailLinks2010_polyline.prj ESRI\area\other10_rectangle.shp 
ESRI\area\other10_rectangle.shx ESRI\area\other10_rectangle.dbf ESRI\area\other10_rectangle.prj ESRI\Roads\ShapedMajorAWT2010_polyline.shp ESRI\Roads\ShapedMajorAWT2010_polyline.shx ESRI\Roads\ShapedMajorAWT2010_polyline.dbf ESRI\Roads\ShapedMajorAWT2010_polyline.prj ESRI\Roads\ColdStartEmissions2010ByGrid_rectangle.shp ESRI\Roads\ColdStartEmissions2010ByGrid_rectangle.shx ESRI\Roads\ColdStartEmissions2010ByGrid_rectangle.dbf ESRI\Roads\ColdStartEmissions2010ByGrid_rectangle.prj ESRI\Roads\ColdStartEmissions2010ByGrid_region.shp ESRI\Roads\ColdStartEmissions2010ByGrid_region.shx ESRI\Roads\ColdStartEmissions2010ByGrid_region.dbf ESRI\Roads\ColdStartEmissions2010ByGrid_region.prj ESRI\Roads\HotSoakEmissions2010ByGrid_rectangle.shp ESRI\Roads\HotSoakEmissions2010ByGrid_rectangle.shx ESRI\Roads\HotSoakEmissions2010ByGrid_rectangle.dbf ESRI\Roads\HotSoakEmissions2010ByGrid_rectangle.prj ESRI\Roads\HotSoakEmissions2010ByGrid_region.shp ESRI\Roads\HotSoakEmissions2010ByGrid_region.shx 
ESRI\Roads\HotSoakEmissions2010ByGrid_region.dbf ESRI\Roads\HotSoakEmissions2010ByGrid_region.prj ESRI\Roads\MajorRoadEmissions2010_polyline.shp ESRI\Roads\MajorRoadEmissions2010_polyline.shx ESRI\Roads\MajorRoadEmissions2010_polyline.dbf ESRI\Roads\MajorRoadEmissions2010_polyline.prj ESRI\Roads\MajorRoadEmissions2010ByGrid_rectangle.shp ESRI\Roads\MajorRoadEmissions2010ByGrid_rectangle.shx ESRI\Roads\MajorRoadEmissions2010ByGrid_rectangle.dbf ESRI\Roads\MajorRoadEmissions2010ByGrid_rectangle.prj ESRI\Roads\MajorRoadEmissions2010ByGrid_region.shp ESRI\Roads\MajorRoadEmissions2010ByGrid_region.shx ESRI\Roads\MajorRoadEmissions2010ByGrid_region.dbf ESRI\Roads\MajorRoadEmissions2010ByGrid_region.prj ESRI\Roads\MinorRoadEmissions2010ByGrid_rectangle.shp ESRI\Roads\MinorRoadEmissions2010ByGrid_rectangle.shx ESRI\Roads\MinorRoadEmissions2010ByGrid_rectangle.dbf ESRI\Roads\MinorRoadEmissions2010ByGrid_rectangle.prj ESRI\Roads\MinorRoadEmissions2010ByGrid_region.shp ESRI\Roads\MinorRoadEmissions2010ByGrid_region.shx ESRI\Roads\MinorRoadEmissions2010ByGrid_region.dbf 

## Associated Files

ESRI\Roads\MinorRoadEmissions2010ByGrid_region.prj ESRI\Roads\RoadTotal_rectangle.shp ESRI\Roads\RoadTotal_rectangle.shx ESRI\Roads\RoadTotal_rectangle.dbf ESRI\Roads\RoadTotal_rectangle.prj 
ESRI\Roads\RoadTotal_region.shp ESRI\Roads\RoadTotal_region.shx ESRI\Roads\RoadTotal_region.dbf ESRI\Roads\RoadTotal_region.prj ESRI\Totals\totalff_rectangle.shp ESRI\Totals\totalff_rectangle.shx ESRI\Totals\totalff_rectangle.dbf ESRI\Totals\totalff_rectangle.prj ESRI\Combustion\solidFuel_dom2010_rectangle.shp ESRI\Combustion\solidFuel_dom2010_rectangle.shx ESRI\Combustion\solidFuel_dom2010_rectangle.dbf ESRI\Combustion\solidFuel_dom2010_rectangle.prj ESRI\Combustion\gas_com2010_rectangle.shp ESRI\Combustion\gas_com2010_rectangle.shx ESRI\Combustion\gas_com2010_rectangle.dbf ESRI\Combustion\gas_com2010_rectangle.prj ESRI\Combustion\gas_dom2010_rectangle.shp ESRI\Combustion\gas_dom2010_rectangle.shx ESRI\Combustion\gas_dom2010_rectangle.dbf ESRI\Combustion\gas_dom2010_rectangle.prj ESRI\Combustion\oil_dom2010_rectangle.shp 
ESRI\Combustion\oil_dom2010_rectangle.shx ESRI\Combustion\oil_dom2010_rectangle.dbf ESRI\Combustion\oil_dom2010_rectangle.prj ESRI\Confidential - Point sources\ReadMe.txt ESRI\Confidential - Point sources\petrol_point.shp ESRI\Confidential - Point sources\petrol_point.shx ESRI\Confidential - Point sources\petrol_point.dbf ESRI\Confidential - Point sources\petrol_point.prj ESRI\Confidential - Point sources\boiler_point.shp ESRI\Confidential - Point sources\boiler_point.shx ESRI\Confidential - Point sources\boiler_point.dbf ESRI\Confidential - Point sources\boiler_point.prj ESRI\Confidential - Point sources\parta_point.shp ESRI\Confidential - Point sources\parta_point.shx ESRI\Confidential - Point sources\parta_point.dbf ESRI\Confidential - Point sources\parta_point.prj ESRI\Confidential - Point sources\partb_point.shp ESRI\Confidential - Point sources\partb_point.shx ESRI\Confidential - Point sources\partb_point.dbf ESRI\Confidential - Point sources\partb_point.prj ESRI\Bus stations\BusStationData2010_point.shp 

## Associated Files

ESRI\Bus stations\BusStationData2010_point.shx ESRI\Bus stations\BusStationData2010_point.dbf ESRI\Bus stations\BusStationData2010_point.prj 
ESRI\Electricity\Electricity2010_rectangle.shp ESRI\Electricity\Electricity2010_rectangle.shx ESRI\Electricity\Electricity2010_rectangle.dbf ESRI\Electricity\Electricity2010_rectangle.prj MapInfo\Rail\RailLinks2010.TAB MapInfo\Rail\RailLinks2010.DAT MapInfo\Rail\RailLinks2010.ID MapInfo\Rail\RailLinks2010.IND MapInfo\Rail\RailLinks2010.MAP MapInfo\area\other10.IND 
MapInfo\area\other10.MAP MapInfo\area\other10.TAB MapInfo\area\other10.DAT MapInfo\area\other10.ID MapInfo\Airport\City Airport 2010 Data.xls MapInfo\Airport\Manchester Airport 2010 Data.xlsx MapInfo\Roads\HotSoakEmissions2010ByGrid.DAT MapInfo\Roads\MinorRoadEmissions2010ByGrid.IND MapInfo\Roads\HotSoakEmissions2010ByGrid.IND MapInfo\Roads\MajorRoadEmissions2010.DAT MapInfo\Roads\MajorRoadEmissions2010.ID MapInfo\Roads\MajorRoadEmissions2010.IND MapInfo\Roads\MajorRoadEmissions2010.MAP MapInfo\Roads\MajorRoadEmissions2010.TAB MapInfo\Roads\ColdStartEmissions2010ByGrid.ID MapInfo\Roads\ColdStartEmissions2010ByGrid.MAP MapInfo\Roads\ColdStartEmissions2010ByGrid.DAT MapInfo\Roads\HotSoakEmissions2010ByGrid.TAB MapInfo\Roads\ColdStartEmissions2010ByGrid.IND MapInfo\Roads\HotSoakEmissions2010ByGrid.ID 
MapInfo\Roads\HotSoakEmissions2010ByGrid.MAP MapInfo\Roads\ColdStartEmissions2010ByGrid.TAB MapInfo\Roads\MajorRoadEmissions2010ByGrid.DAT MapInfo\Roads\MajorRoadEmissions2010ByGrid.ID MapInfo\Roads\MajorRoadEmissions2010ByGrid.IND MapInfo\Roads\MajorRoadEmissions2010ByGrid.MAP MapInfo\Roads\MajorRoadEmissions2010ByGrid.TAB MapInfo\Roads\MinorRoadEmissions2010ByGrid.ID MapInfo\Roads\MinorRoadEmissions2010ByGrid.MAP MapInfo\Roads\MinorRoadEmissions2010ByGrid.DAT MapInfo\Roads\RoadTotal.TAB MapInfo\Roads\MinorRoadEmissions2010ByGrid.TAB MapInfo\Roads\RoadTotal.DAT MapInfo\Roads\RoadTotal.ID MapInfo\Roads\RoadTotal.IND 

MapInfo\Roads\RoadTotal.MAP MapInfo\Roads\ShapedMajorAWT2010.MAP MapInfo\Roads\ShapedMajorAWT2010.DAT MapInfo\Roads\ShapedMajorAWT2010.ID MapInfo\Roads\ShapedMajorAWT2010.TAB MapInfo\Totals\totalff.TAB 

## Associated Files

MapInfo\Totals\totalff.DAT MapInfo\Totals\totalff.ID MapInfo\Totals\totalff.IND 
MapInfo\Totals\totalff.MAP MapInfo\Combustion\gas_com2010.MAP MapInfo\Combustion\gas_com2010.TAB MapInfo\Combustion\gas_dom2010.DAT MapInfo\Combustion\gas_dom2010.ID MapInfo\Combustion\gas_dom2010.IND MapInfo\Combustion\gas_dom2010.MAP MapInfo\Combustion\gas_dom2010.TAB MapInfo\Combustion\oil_dom2010.DAT MapInfo\Combustion\oil_dom2010.ID 
MapInfo\Combustion\oil_dom2010.IND MapInfo\Combustion\oil_dom2010.MAP MapInfo\Combustion\oil_dom2010.TAB MapInfo\Combustion\solidFuel_dom2010.DAT MapInfo\Combustion\solidFuel_dom2010.ID MapInfo\Combustion\solidFuel_dom2010.IND MapInfo\Combustion\solidFuel_dom2010.MAP MapInfo\Combustion\solidFuel_dom2010.TAB MapInfo\Combustion\gas_com2010.DAT MapInfo\Combustion\gas_com2010.ID MapInfo\Combustion\gas_com2010.IND MapInfo\Confidential - Point sources\ReadMe.txt MapInfo\Confidential - Point sources\parta.csv MapInfo\Confidential - Point sources\parta.ID MapInfo\Confidential - Point sources\parta.MAP MapInfo\Confidential - Point sources\parta.TAB MapInfo\Confidential - Point sources\partb.csv MapInfo\Confidential - Point sources\partb.ID MapInfo\Confidential - Point sources\partb.MAP MapInfo\Confidential - Point sources\partb.TAB 
MapInfo\Confidential - Point sources\petrol.csv MapInfo\Confidential - Point sources\petrol.ID MapInfo\Confidential - Point sources\petrol.MAP MapInfo\Confidential - Point sources\petrol.TAB MapInfo\Confidential - Point sources\boiler.csv MapInfo\Confidential - Point sources\boiler.ID MapInfo\Confidential - Point sources\boiler.MAP MapInfo\Confidential - Point sources\boiler.TAB MapInfo\Bus stations\BusStationData2010.ID MapInfo\Bus stations\BusStationData2010.MAP MapInfo\Bus stations\BusStationData2010.TAB 

MapInfo\Bus 
              stations\Bus 
                           Station 
                                    Departures 
                                                (Period 
                                                         6 

2009_10).xls MapInfo\Bus stations\BusStationData2010.DAT MapInfo\Electricity\Electricity2010.TAB MapInfo\Electricity\Electricity2010.DAT 

MapInfo\Electricity\Electricity2010.ID MapInfo\Electricity\Electricity2010.IND MapInfo\Electricity\Electricity2010.MAP 
Appendix 8 Sample from the EMIGMA website and Emission Factor Handbook  
The following pages give a sample screenshot from the EMIGMA data entry website and sample pages from the EMIGMA Industrial Air Pollutant Emissions Sources Emission Factor Handbook (Reference 19). 

 

## Emigma Point Sources : 2010 Update

 
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site
My 
Factory 
(My 
factory 
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Factory 
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Anyshire)
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Combustion: 
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384636.000
 
 
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## Emission Factor Calculations

Emission 
        rates, 
             measured 
                      in 
                        kt/Mt 
                            are 
                               taken 
                                     from 
                                         NAEI. 
                                              Emissions, 
                                                        E, 
                                                          are 
                                                             calculated 
                                                                      using 
                                                                           the 
                                                                              formula 
                                                                                     E=EF*M, 
                                                                                             where 
                                                                                                   EF 
                                                                                                      is 
                                                                                                       the 
                                                                                                           emission 
                                                                                                                   factor 
                                                                                                                        and 
M 
  is 
   the 
       amount 
             of 
               fuel 
                   consumed.

| Emission                                                     | factor    | rating       |
|--------------------------------------------------------------|-----------|--------------|
| B                                                            |           |              |
| Natural                                                      | Gas       | 100          |
| Enter                                                        | the       | amount       |
| A                                                            |           |              |
| enter                                                        | the       | rating       |
| data                                                         | used      | above        |
| help                                                         |           |              |
| Monitoring and stack details                                 |           |              |
|                                                              | Enter     | emissions    |
| add                                                          | stack     |              |
| Annual Emissions from Environment Agency Pollution Inventory |           |              |
| Emission Rate (tonnes per annum)                             |           |              |
| pollutant                                                    | Black     | Smoke        |
| emissions                                                    |           |              |
| Emission Results (t)                                         |           |              |
| Method                                                       | for       | calculating  |
| use                                                          |           |              |
| Emission                                                     | factor    | calculations |
| refresh                                                      |           |              |
| pollutant                                                    | Black     | Smoke        |
| values                                                       |           |              |
| used                                                         |           |              |
| 0.00E+00                                                     | 1.50E+02  |              |
| 5.30E-                                                       |           |              |
| 02                                                           |           |              |
| 1.50E-                                                       |           |              |
| 01                                                           |           |              |
| 1.10E-                                                       |           |              |
| 03                                                           |           |              |
| 0.00E+00                                                     | 0.00E+00  | 2.40E-02     |
| 9.60E-                                                       |           |              |
| 03                                                           |           |              |
| 0.00E+00                                                     |           |              |

Overall rating A

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## Home | Sites | Submissions | Summary By Submission | Summary By Process | Stack Summary | Map Submissions | Converter | Help | Cookies | Logout

 
 
Authors 
Ian Hull, Tony Morris, Ian Hagyard 

 
Contact 
Email 
Telephone 
Ian Hull 
ian.hull@tfgm.com 
0161 244 1454 
Version 
Change 
Reason for Change 
Date 
0.1  
Draft 
 
June 2013 
0.2 
 
Proof reading changes 
October 2013 
1.0 
Version 1.0 
No change from 0.2 
May 2014