## Dataset Description

 
The dataset has been provided by the Birmingham Urban Climate Laboratory (BUCL), from the University of Birmingham, through the completion of the HiTemp research project. It is comprised of 25 WXT520 automatic weather station and 74 Aginova Sentinel Micro (ASM) observation time series, spanning various lengths, in minute resolution, between June 2012 and June 2014.  
The data is divided into daily files; however the WXT data is complete from their commission date to June 2014, whereas daily files have been omitted from the ASM data where no observation was taken for that day, in order to reduce redundant memory storage.  All data files are in a Comma Separated Value format (CSV). 

Detailed metadata forms for every site are included, including sketch maps, horizons, photographs and maintenance logs (Muller et al., 2013). Compiled location and elevation data are provided in CSV files for both the WXTs and ASMs, along with an exported metadata file for the WXTs. Each time series has a unique, 4 character ID, with WXT and ASM IDs beginning with 'W' and 'S' respectively, e.g. 'W008' for WXT number 8. 

## Flag Explanation

 
Flags have been assigned to each observation with a composite flag calculated for the observation period. These 'numeric flag' files are also divided daily, and are constructed so the location of each observation and its respective flag is the same. These have been created using a combination of automatic and manual quality assurance/quality control (QAQC) procedures, following what was outlined in Chapman et al., 2014. 

| Flag                        |
|-----------------------------|
| 0  Good                     |
| 1  Suspect                  |
| 2  Warning                  |
| 5  Likely Good (BUCL input) |
| 9  Missing data             |

 
Data with warning flags should be omitted from use. Suspect data is most likely erroneous but did not fail the QAQC tests to the same extent and, unless it is scrutinised further individually, should be omitted as well. As a final note, the number of flags in winter generally increases for the WXTs due to the lack of power and extra care should be taken. Flags marked with 5 were assigned suspect by the automatic QAQC but were overwritten after a manual check. Flags marked with 9 are missing with dummy values of '-999' for the observations. Rain, rainfall rate and hail have all been intentionally omitted for the data upload and have been replaced by dummy values. 

## File Formats

WXT520 - Minute Resolution 
Column 
Code 
Variable 
Units 
Type 
1 YEAR 
Year 
- 
TIME 
2 MONX 
Month 
- 
TIME 
3 DAYX 
Day 
- 
TIME 
4 HOUR 
Hour 
- 
TIME 
5 MINX 
Minute 
- 
TIME 
6 TAIR 
Air Temperature 
degC 
AVG 
7 TDEW 
Dew point Temperature 
degC 
CALC 
8 RELH 
Relative Humidity 
% 
AVG 
9 PRES 
Station Pressure 
hPa 
AVG 
10 PSML 
Mean Sea Level Pressure 
hPa 
CALC 
11 SRAD 
Solar Radiation 
W m-2 
AVG 
12 RTOT 
Rainfall Total 
mm 
TOT 
13 RRAT 
Rainfall Rate 
kg m-2 
CALC 
14 WSPD 
Wind Speed 
m s-1 
AVG 
15 WDIR 
Wind Direction 
deg 
AVG 
16 WMAX 
Maximum Wind Gust 
m s-1 
MAX 
17 HAIL 
Hail 
Hits cm2 
AVG 
18 FLAG 
Data Quality Control Flag  
- 
CALC 

 

ASM - Minute Resolution Column 
Code 
Variable 
Units 
Type 
1 YEAR 
Year 
- 
TIME 
2 MONX 
Month 
- 
TIME 
3 DAYX 
Day 
- 
TIME 
4 HOUR 
Hour 
- 
TIME 
5 MINX 
Minute 
- 
TIME 
6 TAIR 
Air Temperature 
degC 
AVG 
7 FLAG 
Data Quality Control Flag  
- 
CALC 


 
 
Explanation of Type Values 
 
 
Type  
Explanation 
 
AVG 
Average 
 
 
CALC 
Calculated 
 
MAX 
Maximum 
 
 
TOT 
Total 
 

 

## Bibliography

Muller, C.L., Chapman, L. Young, D.T., Grimmond, C.S.B., Cai, X.-M. (2013) Towards a Standardised Metadata Protocol for Urban Meteorological Networks. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 94, pp 1161–1185 
Chapman, L., Muller, C.L., Young, D.T., Warren, E.L., Grimmond C.S.B., Cai, X.-M., Ferranti, J.S. (N.D.) The Birmingham Urban Climate Laboratory: An open meteorological testbed and challenges of the smart city. *Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society.* Under Review Young, D.T, Chapman, L., Muller, C.L., Grimmond, C.S.B., Cai, X.-M. (2014) A low-cost wireless temperature sensor: evaluation for use in environmental applications. Journal of Oceanic and Atmospheric Technology. 31, pp.938.944 
Vaisala (2012) *User's Guide: Vaisala Weather Transmitter WXT520.* [Online]. Available from: 
http://www.vaisala.com/Vaisala%20Documents/User%20Guides%20and%20Quick%20Ref%20Guide s/M210906EN-C.pdf. [Accessed: 29th July 2014] 
Aginova (N.D.) *Temperature Sentinel Micro.* [online]. Available from: 
http://www.aginova.com/docs/Sentinel_Micro_Datasheet_rev3.pdf [Accessed: 29th July 2014]