Former Scout Hut, Charlotte Lane, Bradwell, Derbyshire

Written Scheme of Investigation for Historic Building Recording

September 2020

© Archaeological Research Services Ltd 2020 Angel House, Portland Square, Bakewell, Derbyshire, DE45 1HB www.archaeologicalresearchservices.com

Prepared on behalf of: Messrs. S & S. Meakin Date of compilation: 25th September 2020 Compiled by: Adrian Jacklin PCIfA & Robin Holgate MCIfA Planning References: NP/DDD/0220/0186 & NP/DDD/0220/0187 Local Authority: Peak District National Park Authority Site central NGR: SK 17121 81165

# Table of Contents

01. Introduction .................................................................................................................. 3
02. Archaeological and Historical Background .................................................................. 4
03. Aims and Objectives ...................................................................................................... 5
04. Professional Standards .................................................................................................. 5
05. Historic Building Recording Method Statement .......................................................... 6
06. Staffing and Timetable .................................................................................................. 8
07. Monitoring Arrangements .............................................................................................. 9
08. Archive Selection Strategy ............................................................................................ 9
09. Archive Deposition ........................................................................................................ 10
10. General Items ............................................................................................................... 11
11. References .................................................................................................................. 12

Figure .................................................................................................................................. 13 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Project Background

1.1.1 This Written Scheme of Investigation (WSI) has been prepared by Archaeological Research Service Ltd (ARS Ltd) for Messrs S. & S.R. Meakin (the Clients). It details a scheme of historic building recording at the Former Scout Hut, Charlotte Lane, Bradwell, Derbyshire, S33 9HH prior to its change of use and alterations to form a single dwelling.

1.1.2 Planning permission and Listed Building Consent (reference numbers NP/DDD/0220/0186 & NP/DDD/0220/0187 respectively) have not yet been granted for development of the site. The applicant is seeking approval of a WSI prior to determination of both planning permission and Listed Building Consent to enable commencement of the proposed development as soon as possible should planning permission be granted.

1.1.3 This document comprises a WSI confirming the nature of the historic building recording to be undertaken by ARS Ltd at the Former Scout Hut, Bradwell in accordance with guidance provided by Natalie Ward Peak District National Park Authority (PDNPA) Senior Conservation Archaeologist that a visual and descriptive record of the building should be made prior to alteration.

1.1.4 The aim of the programme of works is, in line with the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) paragraph 199 (MHCLG 2019, 56) to record and enhance understanding of the significance of any heritage assets to be lost during the proposed development in a manner proportionate to their importance, and to make this evidence (and any archived generated) publically accessible.

1.2 Site Description and Location

1.2.1 The ‘red line boundary’ of the proposed development area (hereafter ‘PDA’) is depicted by a red polygon on Figure 1 and covers an area of c.127m², centred on SK 17121 81165.

1.2.2 The site is located in the parish of Bradwell on Charlotte Lane within the Peak District National Park. The PDA is bounded by Charlotte Lane to the north and north-east, by a small cottage to the south-east and by greenspace to the south and west. Access to the PDA is from driving up Smith Hill and parking in the drive of the former scout hut, at the start of Charlotte Lane – small vehicles only. The site sits at 215m above Ordnance Datum (aOD).

1.3 Geology and Soils

1.3.1 The underlying solid geology of the PDA comprises Dinantian Rocks (undifferentiated) - limestone with subordinate sandstone and argillaceous rocks - sedimentary bedrock formed in the Carboniferous Period (BGS 2020). No superficial deposits are recorded (ibid).

1.3.2 The soils are recorded as “freely draining, slightly acidic but base-rich soils” (CU 2020). 2 **ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL BACKGROUND**

2.1 The building which, until recently, was used as a scout hut is a former 18th century Presbyterian Chapel. There has been a Presbyterian congregation meeting in Bradwell from at least the 17th century: the Presbyterian congregation gathered in the late 17th century by William Bagshaw was said in 1695 to have prepared a place to meet in. The meeting house was demolished by a 'popish mob' in 1715 and its successor is reported to have been 'destroyed by fire' in the mid-18th century. The present building dates from 1794 and does not appear to incorporate features or material from the earlier chapel structures. It is not known if the earlier structures were on the same site or not.

2.2 The following historical background is drawn from the *Heritage Statement* (Darwent Architecture Ltd 2020) which was produced to accompany the planning application.

2.3 The former Chapel/Scout Hut is a Grade II Listed Building and located within the Bradwell Conservation Area which has the following Historic England Listing description:

“Presbyterian Chapel, now Scout Headquarters. 1754 with C20 additions and alterations. Coursed squared limestone with gritstone dressings and quoins. C20 concrete tiled roof. West elevation – 3 large, raised, square section mullioned and transomed cross windows with C20 glazing. C20 lean-to to south. East elevation has flush door case with blank door. Above, small rectangular stone plaque inscribed “1754”. To either side, similar cross windows to those on west elevation, that to south with remains of C18 glazing. Plain band linking the two lintels. Beyond, to south, roof of abutting house with C19 casement window beyond”.

2.4 The Bradwell Conservation Area Appraisal (PDNPA 2014) describes Bradwell historically as a community of farmers, crafts people, lead miners, tradesmen and labourers. The village became a centre for light industry in the 18th and 19th centuries, with mills and factories and a variety of smaller cottage industries. Bradwell was also an early non-conformist stronghold, with non-conformist chapels in the village 200 years before the Anglican Church of St Barnabas was erected. Five different non-conformist denominations have occupied chapels in the village at various times. The Charlotte Lane Chapel is described as being the first Presbyterian Chapel in Bradwell, the first being constructed in 1662 for William Bagshawe, described as the “Apostle of the Peak”. The original meeting house was demolished in 1715 and its successor was reported to have been destroyed by fire in the mid-18th century. The present building is dated to 1754 and is thought to stand on the site of its predecessors and may incorporate elements of the earlier buildings. The congregation was Unitarian by 1880, and the building is shown as “Unitarian Chapel” on the First Edition Ordnance Survey Map of 1880. 3 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

3.1 Regional Research Aims and Objectives

3.1.1 The proposed archaeological works have the potential to identify the presence of evidence pertinent to research objectives and overarching research themes identified in the Updated Research Agenda for the East Midlands (Knight et al. 2012), notably the following.

♦ Research Objective 9C for the Modern (1750 to present) period: investigate the development of social and religious building types (Knight et al. 2012, 126).

3.2 Historic Building Recording Aim and Objectives

3.2.1 The aim of the building recording is to provide a descriptive and visual photographic record of the building which will provide an account of the origins, development and use of the building.

3.2.2 The objectives of the building recording are as follows.

♦ To produce a formal description of the building, including its floor plan, elevations, roof structure, flooring, internal layout and spaces, detailing, form and fabric, and evidence for phasing and development.

♦ To produce a full visual photographic record with photographic scales of the exterior and interior of the building with all photographs descriptively captioned and cross referenced to a plan(s) clearly showing the viewing position, direction and photographic image reference.

♦ To produce an account of the building’s origins, development and use.

4 PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS

4.1 ARS Ltd is a Registered Organisation with the Chartered Institute for Archaeologists (CIfA). Registered Organisations are continuously assessed to ensure that the highest standards of work are carried out, in line with CIfA’s Code of Conduct (2019). In addition to key management staff, who have achieved the highest grade of corporate CIfA membership, many of our field staff also hold corporate grade membership.

4.2 All aspects of the building recording will be conducted according to the guidelines in Understanding Historic Buildings – A guide to good recording practice by Historic England (English Heritage 2016) and the CIfA’s Code of Conduct (2019a) and The Standards and Guidance for Archaeological Investigation and Recording of Standing Buildings or Structures (2019b).

4.3 All staff employed on the project will be suitably qualified for their respective project roles and have substantial experience of archaeological excavation and recording. All staff will be made aware of the circumstances and potential archaeological importance of the work and will be fully briefed on the requirements of this specification. 4.4 All site operations will be carried out in a safe manner in accordance with ARS Ltd’s health and safety policy. A risk assessment will be prepared before commencement on site.

5 HISTORIC BUILDING RECORDING METHOD STATEMENT

5.1 Coverage

5.1.1 A descriptive (drawn and written) record supplemented by a full Photographic Survey of the exterior and interior of the building (Figure 1) will be undertaken to the equivalent of Historic England’s (2016) Understanding Historic Buildings – A guide to good recording practice Level 2 building survey standard before conversion works commence.

5.1.2 A methodology for undertaking all elements of the historic building recording is presented below.

5.2 Methodology

5.2.1 Information in the Heritage Statement (Darwent Architecture Ltd 2020) will be drawn on to place the building in its historical context and to assist in providing an overall interpretation and phasing of the building.

5.2.2 Any stored materials will be emptied from inside the building, and all vegetation and other obstructions to the exterior elevations will be cleared away prior to the building recording being undertaken. Adequate lighting for internal record photographs will be provided, including the use of portable lighting powered by a battery or generator if required.

5.2.3 The archaeologist on-site will carefully examine all parts of the building prior to the commencement of the photographic and drawn recording, in order to identify all features relevant to original and later use. As part of this exercise, the archaeologist on site will produce written observations (e.g. on phasing; on detailing, on building function), sufficient to permit the preparation of a report on the structures identified. Each external wall or internal space should be examined individually and the results of that examination noted in a systematic fashion. These site records will be adequate to allow a full architectural and archaeological description of the building to be included in the subsequent report, as a walk around and through each building, starting with setting, then progressing to all sides of the structure in sequence, and finally to the interior from the ground floor up.

5.2.3 The photographic record will cover the following as a minimum:

- Photographs of the interior (including all internal rooms), exterior and setting of the building. A two metre ranging rod will be included in a selection of general shots in order that the scale of all elements of the building can be sufficiently established.

- The building’s external appearance is to be recorded. Typically a series of oblique views will show all external elevations of the structure and give an overall impression of size and shape. Where an individual elevation embraces complex historical information or have been conceived as formal compositions, views at right angles to the plane of the elevation may also be appropriate.

- Photographs of any internal or external detail, structural or decorative, which is relevant to the building’s design, development or use over time and which does not show adequately on general views.

- Photographs of any internal or external fixtures, fittings or machinery or evidence of its former existence relevant to the building’s use or development.

- Copies of any dates, decorative detail, masons’ marks, historic graffiti or inscriptions present in the building and illustrating its development/use.

5.2.4 High resolution digital photographs will be taken using a Nikon L810 (16 megapixels). Where possible, photographs will include a graduated scale and cameras will be mounted on tripods for extra stability. Details of the photographs will be recorded on pro-forma index sheets, which include location, subject and orientation.

5.2.5 The building recording drawn record will include the following.

- Site location plan at a suitable scale (preferably indicating the position of the site within the country, within the county and a clear plan of the precise location/outline of the building e.g. 1:50).
- A plan indicating the position and orientation of photographs/images included in the report.
- Phased plan(s) showing the development of the building.

5.3 Report

5.3.1 Within two months of the completion of the building recording, ARS Ltd will produce a report which will include the following as a minimum.

- Non-technical executive summary.

- Introductory statement.

- Aims and purpose of the project.

- Methodology.

- Precise location of buildings, by name or street number, civil parish, town and National Grid reference.

- The date when the record was made, the names of the recorders and the archive content/character and location.

- A note of any relevant statutory designations.

- A discussion of the buildings’ form, function, date, and sequence of development and significance, together with a discussion of the names of architects, builders, patrons and owners if known. This will include a note of any evidence for demolished structures or removed plant associated with the building.

- An architectural and archaeological description of the buildings will be produced.

- An analytical account of past and present uses of the buildings and areas of the buildings.

- Discussion and conclusions.

- References.

- Statement of intent regarding publication.

- Supporting data – tabulated or in appendices.

- A register of photographs taken.

- Confirmation of archive transfer arrangements.

- A copy of the WSI and OASIS form.

5.3.2 The report illustrations will contain the following as a minimum.

- A location map at not less than 1:2500.
- A site plan at not less than 1:500.
- Photographs used to illustrate all key points and a complete set of site drawings, at an appropriate scale, executed to publication standard.
- The photographic record plan(s) will also be included.
- In addition to those photographs used as illustrations, a complete set of all photographs, excluding duplications, will be included with the digital copy of the report and referenced as necessary.

5.3.3 A digital copy of the report in PDF/A format will be deposited with the Derbyshire HER and the PDNPA HBSMR. A copy of the report will be uploaded as part of the OASIS record (see section 10.1.4 below) for online access via the Archaeological Data Service.

6 STAFFING AND TIMETABLE

6.1 The Project Manager for the historic building recording will be Dr Robin Holgate MCIfA, Specialist Services Manager at ARS Ltd. The historic building recording will be carried out by George Nuth BA, MA of ARS Ltd.

6.2 The outline timetable for the works is as follows. This will be updated by email as the project progresses.

| Task No | Task | Start Date | Duration | |---------|-------------------------------|---------------------|----------| | 1 | Historical building recording | Late November 2020 | 1 week | 7 MONITORING ARRANGEMENTS

7.1 The PDNPA’s Senior Conservation Archaeologist will be responsible for monitoring the watching brief recording. Ideally, seven days’ notice of the commencement of fieldwork will be given by ARS Ltd to the PDNPA’s Senior Conservation Archaeologist in order that arrangements for monitoring the work may be made.

Natalie Ward Senior Conservation Archaeologist Peak District National Park Authority Aldern House Baslow Road Bakewell Derbyshire DE45 1AE Tel: 01629 816243

7.2 The client will afford reasonable access to the PDNPA’s Senior Conservation Archaeologist, or their representative, for the purpose of monitoring the archaeological works. ARS Ltd will liaise with the PDNPA’s Senior Conservation Archaeologist at regular intervals throughout the course of the work.

8 ARCHIVE SELECTION STRATEGY

8.1 Selection of the working project archive will be guided by the aims and objectives as set out in this WSI (section 3 above), the Updated Research Agenda for the East Midlands (Knight et al. 2012) and Derbyshire Record Office and/or the Archaeology Data Service.

Documentary Archive

8.2 All original documentary material created and collected during the archaeological works will be selected for inclusion in the final archive. Any duplicates (including photocopies) of original documents will not be included in the final archive, in line with Derbyshire Record Office and/or the Archaeology Data Service.

8.3 The deselected documents will be recycled, subject to final checks by ARS Ltd’s Post-Excavation and Archives Officer.

Digital Archive

8.4 All digital data created over the course of this project will be collected, stored, and selected for final deposition in line with the project’s Data Management Plan. The key types of digital data produced will include the following. 8.5 Only final copies of any born digital data will be selected and deposited in the final project archive.

8.6 Digital data to be included in the final archive will be reviewed during the post-excavation and archiving phase of works.

8.7 The project manager and digital archive repository will be consulted on the fate of any deselected material. Deselected material is expected to include duplicates and any non-final versions of data. Digital photographs will be assessed during post-excavation works and selected in line with Historic England’s *Digital Image Capture and File Storage* (2015). The deselected material will be stored on the ARS Ltd server for a period before reviewed and deleted.

**Material Archive**

8.8 The selection of material finds for final deposition in the archaeological archive will be decided in collaboration with the finds specialist during the post-excavation phase, based on addressing the aims and objectives of the project set out in this WSI, the *Updated Research Agenda for the East Midlands* (Knight et al. 2012) and Derbyshire Record Office and/or the Archaeology Data Service.

8.9 No material will be discarded without processing and recording. Deselected material can be retained as part of a handling or teaching collection, returned to the landowner, or discarded as agreed by the landowner, specialists, collecting museum and planning archaeologist.

**9 Archive Deposition**

9.1 A paper archive, which will consist of all primary written documents, plans, sections and photographs will, if appropriate, be prepared by ARS Ltd and submitted to the suitable repository, in this instance Derbyshire Record Office, in a format agreed in discussion with the PDNPA’s Senior Conservation Archaeologist and the Archivist. This is in line with the Museums of Derbyshire (2016a) *Procedures for the Deposition of Archaeological Archives from Derbyshire at Derbyshire Record Office*.

9.2 High resolution digital photographs would, in discussion with the PDNPA’s Senior Conservation Archaeologist, be submitted to the Archaeological Data Service (ADS) digital archive repository with the associated photographic registers and metadata. The digital archive will be prepared in line with current best practice outlined in *Archaeology Data Service/Digital Antiquity Guides to Good Practice* (ADS/Digital Antiquity 2011). 9.3 Copyright on the deposited material will either be assigned to the archive, or the archive will be licensed to use the material, in perpetuity; this licence would allow the archive to reproduce material, including for use by third parties, with the copyright owner suitably acknowledged.

9.4 At the start of work (immediately before fieldwork commences) an OASIS online record [http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/project/oasis/] will be initiated and key fields completed on Details, Location and Creators forms. All parts of the OASIS online form will be completed for submission to the HER. This will include an uploaded .pdf version of the entire report (a paper copy will also be included within the archive).

9.5 Written confirmation of the archive transfer arrangements, including a date (confirmed or projected) for the transfer, will be included as part of the final report.

9.6 The PDNPA’s Senior Conservation Archaeologist will be notified of the final deposition of the archive.

10 GENERAL ITEMS

10.1 Health and Safety

10.1.1 All work will be carried out in accordance with The Health and Safety at Work Act 1974. Specific health and safety policies exist for all our workplaces and all staff employed will be made aware of the policy and any relevant issues. The particular risks involved with this project will be assessed, recorded and relevant mitigation measures put in place as part of a full risk assessment, which will be compiled in advance of fieldwork and will be read and signed by all on-site operatives. ARS Ltd retains Citation as its expert health and safety consultants and the appointed Health and Safety Officer for the company is Mark Potter.

10.2 Insurance Cover

10.2.1 ARS Ltd holds full Employer’s Liability (£10 million), Public Liability (£10 million) and Professional Indemnity (£10 million) insurance, which also cover community groups and volunteers working under the supervision of ARS Ltd staff.

10.3 Community Engagement and Outreach

10.3.1 Any opportunities for engaging the local community in any archaeological findings should be sought, for example a guided site tour and/or dissemination of information via ARS Ltd’s website, social media and local media.

10.4 Changes to the Written Scheme of Investigation

10.4.1 Changes to the approved methodology or programme of works will only be made with prior written approval of the PDNPA’s Senior Conservation Archaeologist.

10.5 Publication and dissemination

10.5.1 In the event of significant remains being encountered, there may be the need for a more formal publication than in the summary form. The requirement for, and the final form of, any publication arising from the project will be agreed with the PDNPA’s Senior Conservation Archaeologist and the client dependent on the results. of the fieldwork. Provision will be made for publicising the results of the work locally, e.g. via ARS Ltd’s website, social media and local media (at the client’s discretion) and talking to local societies.

10.6 Publicity and Copyright

10.6.1 Any publicity will be handled by the client. ARS Ltd will retain the copyright of all documentary and photographic material under the Copyright, Designs and Patent Act (1988).

11 REFERENCES

Archaeology Data Service/Digital Antiquity. 2011. Guides to Good Practice.

British Geological Survey 2020. Geology of Britain viewer. Available online at: http://mapapps.bgs.ac.uk/geologyofbritain/home/html [Accessed 28th September 2020].

Chartered Institute for Archaeologists (CIfA) 2019a. Code of Conduct. Reading, Chartered Institute for Archaeologists.

Chartered Institute for Archaeologists (CIfA). 2019b. Standard and guidance for the archaeological investigation and recording of standing buildings or structures. Reading, Chartered Institute for Archaeologists.

Cranfield University (CU). 2020. The Soils Guide. Available online at: http://www.landis.org.uk/soilscapes/ [Accessed 4th September 2020].

Darwent Architecture Ltd. 2020. Heritage Statement. Former Scout Hut, Charlotte Lane, Bradwell, S33 9HH.

Historic England. 2016. Understanding Historic Buildings: A Guide to Good Recording Practice.

Knight, D., Vyner, B., and Allen, C. 2012. East Midlands Heritage: An Updated Research Agenda and Strategy for the historic Environment of the East Midlands. Nottingham.

Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government. 2019. The National Planning Policy Framework. London, The Stationery Office.

Museums in Derbyshire. 2016a. Procedures for the Deposition of Archaeological Archives from Derbyshire at Derbyshire Record Office. Matlock, Derbyshire County Archaeological Services.

Peak District National Park Authority (PDNPA). 2014. Bradwell conservation area appraisal. Available online at: https://www.peakdistrict.gov.uk/looking-after/living-and-working/your-community/conservation-areas/ca-appraisals/bradwell-conservation-area-appraisal [Accessed 28th September 2020]. Written Scheme of Investigation for Historic Building Recording at the Former Scout Hut, Bradwell, Derbyshire

FIGURE