Winster Methodist Chapel, East Bank, Winster, Derbyshire

Written Scheme of Investigation

July 2020 Final version

© Archaeological Research Services Ltd 2020 Angel House, Portland Square, Bakewell, Derbyshire, DE45 1HB www.archaeologicalresearchservices.com

Prepared on behalf of: Messrs D. Holliday & R. Hartley Date of compilation: November 2018 & June 2020 Compiled by: Ben Dyson ACIfA & Robin Holgate MCIfA Planning Ref: NP/DDD/0619/0663 Listed Building Consent Ref: NP/DDD/0619/0665 Local Authority: Peak District National Park Site central NGR: SK 24034 60386 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 This Written Scheme of Investigation (WSI) has been prepared by Archaeological Research Services Ltd (ARS Ltd) on behalf of Messrs D. Holliday and R. Hartley (the Clients). It details a scheme for archaeological works at Winster (former primitive) Methodist Chapel, East Bank, Winster, Derbyshire. The proposed development comprises the residential conversion of and a minor extension to the chapel.

1.2 Planning permission and Listed Building Consent have been granted for the proposed development (Application Ref. Nos. NP/DDD/0619/0663 and NP/DDD/0619/0665 respectively). Condition 32 of the planning permission and condition 38 of the Listed Building Consent requires a programme of archaeological investigation and recording as follows.

“a.) No development shall take place until a Written Scheme of Investigation for a scheme of archaeological works has been submitted to and approved by the National Park Authority in writing, and until any pre-start element of the approved scheme has been completed to the written satisfaction of the National Park Authority. The scheme shall include an assessment of significance and research questions; and

1. The programme and methodology of site investigation and recording;
2. The programme for post investigation analysis and reporting;
3. Provision to be made for analysis of the site investigation and recording
4. Provision to be made for publication and dissemination of the analysis and records of the site investigation;
5. Provision to be made for archive deposition of the analysis and records of the site investigation;
6. Nomination of a competent person or persons/organisation to undertake the works set out within the Written Scheme of Investigation.

b) No development shall take place other than in accordance with the archaeological Written Scheme of Investigation approved under condition (a).

c) The development shall not be occupied until the site investigation and post investigation assessment has been completed in accordance with the programme set out in the archaeological Written Scheme of Investigation approved under condition (a) and the provision to be made for analysis, publication and dissemination of results and archive deposition has been secured.”

1.3 Guidance has been provided by Natalie Ward, Senior Conservation Archaeologist with the Peak District National Park Authority (PDNPA), that the proposed development is likely to encounter archaeological evidence retained within the extant structure of the historic building; below ground, within and possibly outside the chapel, through the required groundworks (works to the internal floors; for underfloor heating; for the rear extension, new drainage and service runs etc.); and changes to the fabric of the chapel (loss of the pews, removal of the floors etc.). The archaeological and historic impacts should be addressed through a scheme of archaeological works to include the following.

- A programme of building recording to Historic England Level 2/3 to make a permanent record of the building in its current form. This needs to incorporate a full visual record, and written description of the building and appropriate elements of a drawn record.
- An intermittent structural watching brief and building recording to record additional details of the historic fabric of the chapel that are revealed during the course of the development (by the removal of the internal fixtures and fittings etc.)
- A programme of archaeological monitoring, investigation and recording during all internal and external groundworks and ground reduction e.g. for the works to the floors, for the rear extension, for the insertion of drainage and services etc.
- A written statement for how any human remains encountered will be dealt with, in order to ensure compliance with the appropriate laws and regulations.

1.3 This WSI confirms the nature of the programme of archaeological works, including the historic building recording, the structural watching brief and building recording and archaeological monitoring, investigation and recording during all internal and external ground works and ground reduction associated with the proposed development at Winster Methodist Church in accordance with the guidance provided by the PDNPA’s Senior Conservation Archaeologist.

1.4 The archaeological works will be carried out in accordance with the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) paragraph 199 (Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government 2018, 56) to record and enhance understanding of the significance of any heritage assets to be lost during the proposed development in a manner proportionate to their importance, and to make this evidence (and any archive generated) publically accessible.

2 SITE LOCATION AND GEOLOGY

2.1 The proposed development area (hereafter PDA) is located approximately 200m south-west of the centre of Winster, half-way up the hillside on a prominent elevated bank that is accessed by several footpaths from East Bank to the south and an unnamed road to the east. The chapel is oriented east/west with the western end partially built into the sharply rising hillside. A small lean-to structure on the south-east corner of the chapel houses a W/C, accessible from the outside only; this appears contemporary with the chapel. A raised level plateau has been formed immediately to the north of the chapel, retained by a dry-stone wall whilst a rising garden is located to the south. The chapel has an open aspect to the east with a level entrance yard. The PDA is centred at NGR SK 24034 60386 (Figure 1).

2.2 The underlying geology of the area comprises Monsal Dale Limestone Formation - Limestone, Dolomitic. Sedimentary Bedrock formed approximately 329 to 331 million years ago in the Carboniferous Period when the local environment was previously dominated by shallow carbonate seas. No superficial deposits are recorded for the area (BGS 2018).

3 HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL BACKGROUND

3.1 Winster Methodist Chapel is Grade II listed and recorded in the Peak District National Park Authority’s Historic Buildings, Sites and Monuments Record and the Derbyshire Historic Environment Record (MPD3959). A detailed historic background for both the village of Winster and the Methodist Chapel building is provided in the Heritage Statement submitted alongside the planning application (TCA 2018). A brief summary is provided here.

3.2 The village has a medieval core at the bottom of the hill. During the 17th and 18th centuries, prosperous lead mining, just up the hillside to the south, lead to a more prosperous village and many of the original properties were rebuilt with more grandeur, as a reflection of the new-found affluence of the area. The village also expanded considerably, developing up the hill, towards the mines, in an effort to reduce travel distances to and from the place of work.

3.3 The chapel was built in 1823 and was one of the first established in the Peak District after the establishment of Belper as an independent station and subsequently played an important role in maintaining Methodist presence in the Peak District and in establishing new churches. The original chapel proved too small for a growing population and was enlarged in 1832 before being further enlarged in 1850 to accommodate increasing congregations. The building was recorded as being solemnised for performing marriages in 1869 and records also show that the chapel underwent refurbishment in 1890 to accommodate a Sunday Schoolroom. Further refurbishments and re-decorations up as far as 1986 are also recorded in local records, but the layout of the main building has remained largely unchanged since the 1850s.

3.4 Results of a detailed examination of the external fabric of the building (TCA 2018, 16) have suggested that the original 1823 chapel was oriented north/south, before the extension in 1832 doubled the footprint of the chapel and changed the roofline to its current east/west alignment. The 1850s extension then increased the height of the building as well as adding another third onto the length of the chapel.

3.5 The interior of the chapel has a history of suffering from damp that dates back to at least 1869 (TCA 2018, 11), a result of the building being partially built into the hillside on its western side. The damp problems are so severe that behind the modern day wall boarding (wainscoting) the plaster is, in places, running with water. The timber floors of the chapel and the uniquely raked pew arrangement are also subject to significant decay by suspected wet rot (TCA 2018, 18).

3.6 A memorial plaque over one of the external doors within the chapel was erected in memory of the Rev George Booth, ‘whose mortal remains are deposited near this tablet’. Attempts have been made by the Local History Group and the Methodist Church, to discover where George Booth is actually buried; either inside the chapel, or on land adjacent to the chapel, but no remains were reportedly found. His death is reported in the Sheffield Independent on the 15th April 1854. It is possible that the plaque has been relocated from elsewhere and therefore no such remains exist within the vicinity. It is not believed that any excavations were undertaken to try and ascertain the location of any buried remains; certainly, no known documentary evidence exists of any such excavations with the County/District Archives or the Methodist Church (TCA 2018, 19-21).

4 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

4.1 Regional Research Aims and Objectives

4.1.1 The proposed archaeological works have the potential to identify the presence of evidence pertinent to research objectives and overarching research themes identified in the Updated Research Agenda for the East Midlands (Knight et al. 2012), notably the following.

♦ Research Objective 9C for the Modern (1750 to present) period: investigate the development of social and religious building types (Knight et al. 2012, 126).

4.2 Historic Building Recording Aim and Objectives

4.2.1 The aim of the building recording is to provide a basic descriptive and visual photographic record of the buildings which provide an account of the origins, development and use of the building.

4.2.2 The objectives of the building recording are as follows.

♦ To produce a formal description of the building, including its floor plan, elevations, roof structure, flooring, internal layout and spaces, detailing, form and fabric, and evidence for phasing and development.

♦ To produce a full visual photographic record with photographic scales of the exterior and interior of the building with all photographs descriptively captioned and cross referenced to a plan(s) clearly showing the viewing position, direction and photographic image reference.

♦ To produce measured and annotated survey drawings showing the location of features of historic interest.

♦ To produce an account of the building’s origins, development and use.

4.3 Structural Watching Brief and Building Recording Aims and Objectives

4.2.1 The aim of the structural watching brief and building recording is to monitor the internal soft strip of the chapel, including the removal of any floors, wall coverings (wainscoting), fixtures, fittings and more recent decorative refurbishments and record any hidden structural building elements.

4.2.2 The following objective will contribute towards accomplishing this aim. To record hidden structural building elements that will be exposed during the stripping process relating to the history, sequence, function or other aspect of the building.

4.4 Archaeological Monitoring, Investigation and Recording during ground works Aims and Objectives

4.3.1 The aims of archaeological monitoring, investigation and recording during all internal and external ground works and ground reduction are to monitor any below-ground interventions within the area of the proposed development (internal and external), and to recover and record any potential archaeological remains. This may take place concurrently with the soft strip in the interior of the chapel, whilst on the exterior the watching brief extends to the introduction of new services, drainage and landscaping regimes within the PDA.

4.3.2 The following objectives will contribute towards accomplishing this aim.

- To record the nature, extent and date of any surviving archaeological remains associated with the original construction, development and usage of the chapel.
- To identify any areas that might be associated with the interment of the remains of Rev. George Booth as inferred by the interior memorial plaque.

5 Historical Building Recording

5.1 Coverage

5.1.1 The exterior and interior of the building in its current form will be recorded to the equivalent of Historic England’s (2016) Understanding Historic Buildings – A guide to good recording practice Level 2/3 building survey standard (Figure 1). This needs to incorporate a full visual record, and written description of the building and appropriate elements of a drawn record. The recording should include the pews, panelling and sleeper walls (all in situ), before their removal. If the rail is of historic significance, this should also be included.

5.2 Methodology

5.2.1 All aspects of the building recording will be conducted according to the guidelines in Understanding Historic Buildings – A guide to good recording practice by Historic England (2016) and the Chartered Institute for Archaeologist (CIfA) Code of Conduct (2014) and The Standards and Guidance for Archaeological Building Recording (2019).

5.2.2 Information in the heritage assessment (TCA 2018) will be drawn on to place the building in its historical context and to provide an overall interpretation and phasing of the building based on documents and historic mapping.

5.2.3 Any stored materials will be emptied from inside the building, and all vegetation and other obstructions to the exterior elevations will be cleared away prior to the building recording being undertaken. Adequate lighting for internal record photographs will be provided, including the use of portable lighting powered by a battery or generator if required.

5.2.4 The archaeologist on-site will carefully examine all parts of the building prior to the commencement of the photographic and drawn recording, in order to identify all features relevant to original and later use. As part of this exercise, the archaeologist on site will produce written observations (e.g. on phasing; on detailing, on building function), sufficient to permit the preparation of a report on the structures identified. Each external wall or internal space should be examined individually and the results of that examination noted in a systematic fashion. These site records will be adequate to allow a full architectural and archaeological description of the building to be included in the subsequent report, as a walk around and through each building, starting with setting, then progressing to all sides of the structure in sequence, and finally to the interior from the ground floor up.

5.2.5 The photographic record will cover the following as a minimum:

- Photographs of the interior (including all internal rooms), exterior and setting of the building. A two metre ranging rod will be included in a selection of general shots in order that the scale of all elements of the building can be sufficiently established.

- The building’s external appearance is to be recorded. Typically a series of oblique views will show all external elevations of the structure and give an overall impression of size and shape. Where an individual elevation embodies complex historical information or have been conceived as formal compositions, views at right angles to the plane of the elevation may also be appropriate.

- Photographs of any internal or external detail, structural or decorative, which is relevant to the building’s design, development or use over time and which does not show adequately on general views.

- Photographs of any internal or external fixtures, fittings or machinery or evidence of its former existence relevant to the building’s use or development.

- Copies of any dates, decorative detail, masons’ marks, historic graffiti or inscriptions present in the building and illustrating its development/use.

5.2.6 High resolution digital photographs will be taken using a Nikon L810 (16 megapixels). Where possible, photographs will include a graduated scale and cameras will be mounted on tripods for extra stability. Details of the photographs will be recorded on pro-forma index sheets, which include location, subject and orientation.

5.2.7 The building recording drawn record will include the following.

- Site location plan at a suitable scale (preferably indicating the position of the site within the country, within the county and a clear plan of the precise location/outline of the building e.g. 1:50). A plan indicating the position and orientation of photographs/images included in the report.

A set of detailed measured survey drawings including, as appropriate, a floor plan as existing, a plan showing the location of features of historic significance, and elevations with annotations and conventions following Historic England’s Level 3 standard (2016).

Phased plan(s) showing the development of the building.

5.3 Report

5.3.1 Within two months of the completion of the building recording, ARS Ltd will produce a report which will include the following as a minimum.

- Non-technical executive summary.
- Introductory statement.
- Aims and purpose of the project.
- Methodology.
- Precise location of buildings, by name or street number, civil parish, town and National Grid reference.
- The date when the record was made, the names of the recorders and the archive content/character and location.
- A note of any relevant statutory designations.
- A discussion of the buildings’ form, function, date, and sequence of development and significance, together with a discussion of the names of architects, builders, patrons and owners if known. This will include a note of any evidence for demolished structures or removed plant associated with the building.
- An architectural and archaeological description of the buildings will be produced.
- An analytical account of past and present uses of the buildings and areas of the buildings.
- Discussion and conclusions.
- References.
- Statement of intent regarding publication.
- Supporting data – tabulated or in appendices.
- A register of photographs taken.
- Confirmation of archive transfer arrangements.
- A copy of the WSI and OASIS form.

5.3.2 The report illustrations will contain the following as a minimum. Written Scheme of Investigation for archaeological works at Winster Methodist Chapel, Winster, Derbyshire

- A location map at not less than 1:2500.
- A site plan at not less than 1:500.
- Photographs used to illustrate all key points and a complete set of site drawings, at an appropriate scale, executed to publication standard.
- The photographic record plan(s) will also be included.
- In addition to those photographs used as illustrations, a complete set of all photographs, excluding duplications, will be included with the digital copy of the report and referenced as necessary.

5.3.3 A digital copy of the report in PDF/A format will be deposited with the Derbyshire HER and the PDNPA HBSMR. A copy of the report will be uploaded as part of the OASIS record (see section 4.5.5 below) for online access via the Archaeological Data Service.

5.4 Archive Deposition

5.4.1 A paper archive, which will consist of all primary written documents, plans, sections and photographs, will if appropriate be prepared by ARS Ltd and submitted to the suitable repository, in this instance Derbyshire Record Office, in a format agreed in discussion with the PDNPA’s Senior Conservation Archaeologist and the Archivist. This is in line with the Museums of Derbyshire (2016) Procedures for the Deposition of Archaeological Archives from Derbyshire at Derbyshire Record Office.

5.4.2 High resolution digital photographs would, in discussion with the PDNPA’s Senior Conservation Archaeologist, be submitted to the Archaeological Data Service (ADS) digital archive repository with the associated photographic registers and metadata. The digital archive will be prepared in line with current best practice outlined in Archaeology Data Service/Digital Antiquity Guides to Good Practice (ADS/Digital Antiquity 2011).

5.4.3 Copyright on the deposited material will either be assigned to the archive, or the archive will be licensed to use the material, in perpetuity; this licence would allow the archive to reproduce material, including for use by third parties, with the copyright owner suitably acknowledged.

5.4.4 At the start of work (immediately before fieldwork commences) an OASIS online record http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/project/oasis/ will be initiated and key fields completed on Details, Location and Creators forms. All parts of the OASIS online form will be completed for submission to the HER. This will include an uploaded .pdf version of the entire report (a paper copy will also be included within the archive).

5.4.5 Written confirmation of the archive transfer arrangements, including a date (confirmed or projected) for the transfer, will be included as part of the final report.

5.4.6 The PDNPA’s Senior Conservation Archaeologist will be notified of the final deposition of the archive. 6 STRUCTURAL WATCHING BRIEF AND BUILDING RECORDING

6.1 Coverage

6.1.1 The intra-conversion structural watching brief will take place, in consultation with PDNPA’s Senior Conservation Archaeologist, intermittently in all internal areas of the chapel and lean-to structure during the removal of wall coverings, floor platforms and any fixtures or fittings where removal might reveal hidden historic fabric. Structural watching brief and building recording to record additional details of the historic fabric of the chapel that are revealed during the course of the development (by the removal of the internal fixtures and fittings etc.)

6.2 Structural Watching Brief and Building Recording Methodology

6.2.1 The duration of the works will be dictated by the length and scope of the conversion works as well as the nature of the potential structural building elements to be recorded. Consultation between the client, ARS Ltd and PDNPA’s Senior Conservation Archaeologist will be required on completion of the soft-strip works to ensure that any archaeological remains affected by development works have been adequately recorded.

6.2.2 The on-site archaeologist will be given the opportunity to stop conversion work in order to investigate potential structural building elements and adequate time will be allowed for recording any such features. Recording will be carried out in accordance with guidance provided by Historic England’s Understanding Historic Buildings. A Guide to Good Recording Practice (2016).

6.2.3 A written, drawn and photographic record will be maintained during the watching brief plus all significant structural building elements will be recorded. A photographic survey of the building will be conducted using high resolution digital photography (minimum of 16 megapixels). Where possible, photographs will include a graduated scale and cameras will be mounted on tripods for extra stability. Details of the photographs will be recorded on pro-forma index sheets, which include location, subject and orientation.

6.3 Report

6.3.1 Within two months of the completion of the intra-conversion watching brief, ARS Ltd will produce a report which will include the following as a minimum.

- Non-technical executive summary.
- Introductory statement.
- Aims and purpose of the project.
- Methodology.
- Precise location of buildings, by name or street number, civil parish, town and National Grid reference. The date when the record was made, the names of the recorders and the archive content/character and location.

A note of any relevant statutory designations.

A discussion of the building’s form, function, date, and sequence of development and significance. Together with a discussion of the names of architects, builders, patrons and owners if known. This will include a note of any evidence for demolished structures with the building.

An architectural and archaeological description of the buildings will be produced.

A discussion of published sources relating to the building, an account of its history and an analysis of historic map evidence.

An analytical account of past and present uses of the buildings and areas of the buildings.

Discussion and conclusions.

References.

Statement of intent regarding publication.

Supporting data – tabulated or in appendices.

A register of photographs taken.

Confirmation of archive transfer arrangements.

A copy of the WSI and OASIS form.

6.3.2 The report illustrations will contain:

A location map at not less than 1:2500.

A site plan at not less than 1:500.

Photographs used to illustrate all key points and a complete set of site drawings, at an appropriate scale, executed to publication standard.

Extracts from relevant historic maps, subject to reproduction rights, will also be included within the report with the building of interest clearly visible.

The photographic record plan will also be included.

In addition to those photographs used as illustrations, a complete set of all photographs, excluding duplications, will be included with the digital copy of the report and referenced as necessary.

6.3.3 Depending on the outcome of the intra-conversion structural watching brief, and in consultation with the PDNPA’s Senior Conservation Archaeologist, the ‘structural watching brief and building recording’ report might be incorporated into a single report along with the results of the archaeological monitoring, investigation and recording of the ground works (see section 7). 6.4 Archive Deposition

6.4.1 A paper archive, which will consist of all primary written documents, plans, sections and photographs, will if appropriate be prepared by ARS Ltd and submitted to the suitable repository, in this instance Derbyshire Record Office, in a format agreed in discussion with the PDNPA’s Senior Conservation Archaeologist and the Archivist. This is in line with the Museums of Derbyshire (2016) Procedures for the Deposition of Archaeological Archives from Derbyshire at Derbyshire Record Office.

6.4.2 High resolution digital photographs would, in discussion with the PDNPA’s Senior Conservation Archaeologist, be submitted to the Archaeological Data Service (ADS) digital archive repository with the associated photographic registers and metadata. The digital archive will be prepared in line with current best practice outlined in Archaeology Data Service/Digital Antiquity Guides to Good Practice (ADS/Digital Antiquity 2011).

6.4.3 Copyright on the deposited material will either be assigned to the archive, or the archive will be licensed to use the material, in perpetuity; this licence would allow the archive to reproduce material, including for use by third parties, with the copyright owner suitably acknowledged.

6.4.4 One bound copy of the final report with a digital copy of the report in PDF/A format on disk will be deposited with the Derbyshire HER and to the PDNPA for HBSMR. A copy of the report will be uploaded as part of the OASIS record (see below) for online access via the Archaeological Data Service.

6.4.5 At the start of work (immediately before fieldwork commences) an OASIS online record http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/project/oasis/ will be initiated and key fields completed on Details, Location and Creators forms. All parts of the OASIS online form will be completed for submission to the HER. This will include an uploaded .pdf version of the entire report (a paper copy will also be included within the archive).

6.4.6 Written confirmation of the archive transfer arrangements, including a date (confirmed or projected) for the transfer, will be included as part of the final report.

6.4.7 The PDNPA’s Senior Conservation Archaeologist will be notified of the final deposition of the archive.

7 Archaeological Monitoring, Investigation and Recording During Ground Works Watching Brief

7.1 Coverage

7.1.1 The programme of archaeological monitoring, investigation and recording will monitor any below-ground interventions within the area of the proposed development (both internal and external, including the introduction of new services, drainage and landscaping regimes within the PDA) to investigate and record any potential archaeological remains. This may take place concurrently with the soft-strip in the interior of the chapel. 7.2 General Statement of Practice

7.2.1 All elements of the archaeological watching brief will be carried out in accordance with the Chartered Institute for Archaeologists’ Code of Conduct (CIfA 2014a) and Standards and Guidelines for Archaeological Watching Briefs (CIfA 2014b).

7.2.2 All staff employed on the project will be suitably qualified for their respective project roles and have substantial experience of archaeological excavation and recording.

7.2.3 All staff will be made aware of the archaeological importance of the area surrounding the site and will be fully briefed on the work required by this specification.

7.2.4 Regular contact will be ensured between ARS Ltd and the site project manager to ensure that ARS Ltd is kept up to date with site works and given the chance to respond appropriately and in line with the PDNPA’s Senior Conservation Archaeologist requirements.

7.2.5 All site operations will be carried out in a safe manner in accordance with ARS Ltd’s health and safety policy. A risk assessment will be prepared before commencement on site.

7.3 Methodology

7.3.1 All relevant ground works will be undertaken by a suitable mechanical excavator fitted with a toothless ditching bucket or by hand.

7.3.2 All excavated spoil will be scanned visually to recover small finds. Finds so recovered will be recorded with their location of origin ascribed. Finds will be retained and recorded.

7.3.3 Where archaeological features and/or deposits are identified during the watching brief, then a sufficient quantity of the said features will be investigated by hand to allow their date, nature and degree of survival to be ascribed.

7.3.4 Isolated, discrete features such as pits and postholes not belonging to structure or industrial activities will be 50% sampled, although if they produce artefacts then provision is made for full excavation.

7.3.5 Sampling of linear features such as ditches or gullies will be sufficient to determine the character, stratigraphy and relationship to other features and attempts made to obtain dating evidence.

7.3.6 Any deposits relating to funerary/ritual activities, such as burials and cremation deposits will be 100% excavated. Domestic/industrial activity (such as walls, postholes, floors, hearths) will be sufficiently excavated to understand their form and function and to recover potential dating evidence and artefact and ecofact assemblages.

7.3.7 Area deposits, such as buried soils, or middens, will be hand excavated at a minimum 10%. 7.3.8 Limited representative samples of bricks from brick-built structures, and selective products of the brick working proves will be retained for specialist analysis where appropriate.

7.3.9 Any human remains discovered will initially be left in-situ and, if removal is deemed necessary, this will be undertaken in accordance with the relevant Ministry of Justice regulations and in discussion with the PDNPA’s Senior Conservation Archaeologist.

7.3.10 If significant archaeological features are identified during these works, the PDNPA’s Senior Conservation Archaeologist will be notified and a decision made as to how to proceed.

7.4 Sampling, Faunal Remains and Treasure

7.4.1 For sealed and stratigraphically secure deposits that have the potential to provide environmental evidence relating to diet and economy, dating evidence or land use regime, a minimum of 40 litres of sample will be taken, or 100% of the sample if smaller.

7.4.2 In the case of waterlogged or anaerobic deposits a minimum sample size of 20L will be taken.

7.4.3 Should a sequence of superimposed deposits of note be present column sampling may be considered.

7.4.4 In all instances sampling strategies will be in accordance with guidelines issued by Historic England’s Environmental Archaeology: A Guide to the Theory and Practice Methods, from sampling and recovery to post excavation (Campbell et al. 2011) and will be targeted in order to explore the levels and types of preservation present.

7.4.5 Should other types of environmental deposits be encountered, appropriate specialist advice will be sought and an appropriate sampling strategy devised. Samples will be assessed by a suitable specialist with provision for further analysis as required. Advice from the Historic England Scientific Advisor will be taken as appropriate.

7.4.6 Any human remains will initially be left in situ and, if deemed necessary, removal will be undertaken following once a Coroners licence has been obtained in accordance with the relevant Ministry of Justice regulations and in discussion with the PDNPA’s Senior Conservation Archaeologist.

7.4.7 Finds of "treasure" will be reported to the Coroner in accordance with the Treasure Act (DCMS 2008). The Portable Antiquities Liaison Officer will also be notified.

HM Coroner Dr. Robert Hunter St Katherine's House St. Mary's Wharf, Mansfield Road

Finds Liaison Officer Maria Kneafsey Derby Museum and Art Gallery The Strand Derby 7.4.8 The PDNPA’s Senior Conservation Archaeologist will also be notified and, if necessary, a site meeting arranged to determine if further investigation in the vicinity of the find spot is required.

7.5 Recording

7.5.1 The site will be recorded using a single context planning system in accordance with the ARS Ltd field recording manual.

7.5.2 The site will be accurately tied into the National Grid and located on a 1:2500 or 1:1250 map of the area. The site will be recorded in accordance with the ARS Ltd’s field recording manual.

7.5.3 A full and proper record (written, graphic and photographic as appropriate) will be made for all work, using pre-printed record sheets and text descriptions appropriate to the work. Accurate measured scale plans and sections/elevations will be drawn where required at the appropriate scale and in accordance with best practice. In addition to relevant illustrations, provision for rectified photographic recording shall be made, if deemed necessary.

7.5.4 A plan of the excavated areas will be maintained, features notes and section lines recorded. All drawings will be carried out at an appropriate scale and all contexts will be recorded using a single context recording system.

7.5.5 Sample representative levels will be taken to record the maximum depth of excavation and/or natural should no archaeological features be uncovered.

7.5.6 The site archive will include plans and sections at an appropriate scale, a scale photographic record, and full stratigraphic records on recording forms/context sheets or their electronic equivalent.

7.5.7 The stratigraphy of the site will be recorded.

7.5.8 All heights above sea level will be recorded for all deposits and features in metres above Ordnance Datum (aOD).

7.5.9 A full photographic record will be compiled using high resolution digital photography (minimum of 16 megapixels), and a register of all photographs will be kept. The photographic record will encompass all encountered archaeological entities. In addition, key relationships between entities, where these help demonstrate sequence or form, will also be photographed. A clearly visible, graduated metric scale will be included in all record shots. A supplementary record of working images will be taken to demonstrate how the site was investigated and what the prevailing conditions were like during excavation. 7.5.10 A stratigraphic matrix will be compiled where superimposed archaeological deposits, features or structures are encountered.

7.6 Finds Processing and Storage

7.6.1 All finds processing, conservation work and storage of finds will be carried out in accordance with the CIfA (2014c) *Standard and Guidance for the collection, documentation, conservation and research of archaeological materials* and the UKIC (1990) *Guidelines for the Preparation of Archives for Long-Term Storage*.

7.6.2 Artefact collection and discard policies will be appropriate for the defined purpose.

7.6.3 Bulk finds which are not discarded will be washed and marked. Marking and labelling will be indelible and irremovable by abrasion. Bulk finds will be appropriately bagged, boxed and recorded. This process will be carried out no later than two months after the end of the excavation.

7.6.4 All small finds will be recorded as individual items and appropriately packaged (e.g. lithics in self-sealing plastic bags and ceramic in acid-free tissue paper).

7.6.5 Vulnerable objects will be specially packaged and textile, painted glass and coins stored in appropriate specialist systems. This process will be carried out within two days of the small find being excavated.

7.6.6 During and after the excavation all objects will be stored in appropriate materials and storage conditions to ensure minimal deterioration and loss of information (including controlled storage, correct packaging, and regular monitoring, immediate selection for conservation of vulnerable material). All storage will have appropriate security provision.

7.6.7 The deposition and disposal of artefacts will be agreed with the legal owner and Buxton Museum and Art Gallery prior to the work taking place. All finds except treasure trove at the property of the landowner.

7.6.8 All retained artefacts and ecofacts will be cleaned and packaged in accordance with the requirements of Buxton Museum and Art Gallery.

7.7 Report

7.7.1 A report shall be produced to include background information, a summary of the works carried out and a description and interpretation of the findings. The report will also include the following:

- A non-technical summary

- Introduction

- Geological and topographical setting

- Methodology

- Discussion of archaeological and historical background, including relevant information from aerial imagery Written Scheme of Investigation for archaeological works at Winster Methodist Chapel, Winster, Derbyshire

- Discussion on the results of the watching brief

- Specialist descriptions of artefacts or ecofacts

- An indication of potential archaeological deposits not disturbed by the present development

- Conclusions and recommendations

- Sources

- Copy of the WSI and OASIS form.

- A location plan showing the survey and excavated areas with respect to nearby fixed structures and roads

- Illustrations of all archaeological features with appropriately scaled hachured plans and sections

7.7.2 One bound copy of the final report with a digital copy of the report in PDF/A format on disk will be deposited with the Derbyshire Historic Environment Record (HER) and the PDNPA Historic Buildings, Sites and Monuments Record (HBSMR). A copy of the report will be uploaded as part of the OASIS record (see section 6.8.5 below) for online access via the Archaeological Data Service.

7.7.3 Depending on the outcome of the archaeological monitoring, investigation and recording, and in consultation with the PDNPA’s Senior Conservation Archaeologist, the ‘archaeological monitoring, investigation and recording’ report might be incorporated into the “structural watching brief and building recording” report (see section 6).

7.8 Archive Deposition

7.8.1 Should the project produce no archaeologically significant finds, then it is not necessary to deposit an archive with the repository museum, which in this case is the Buxton Museum & Art Gallery. This is in line with the Museums of Derbyshire (2016b) Procedures for the Deposition of Archaeological Archives from Derbyshire at Buxton Museum and Art Gallery.

7.8.2 If the project produces archaeologically significant finds, then the PDNPA’s Senior Conservation Archaeologist and Museum Curator will be notified at the earliest opportunity, and an accession number will be produced for the site. In addition, a paper and artefactual archive and any appropriate digital archive will be prepared by ARS Ltd, consisting of all primary written documents, plans, sections, photographs and electronic data (in a format to be agreed by the Buxton Museum & Art Gallery). High resolution digital photographs would, in discussion with the PDNPA’s Senior Conservation Archaeologist, be submitted to the Archaeological Data Service (ADS) digital archive repository with the associated photographic registers and metadata. The digital archive will be prepared in line with current best practice outlined in Archaeology Data Service/Digital Antiquity Guides to Good Practice (ADS/Digital Antiquity 2011). The archives will be deposited in line with the CIfA (2014d) Standard and Guidance for the creation, compilation, transfer and deposition of archaeological archives, Society of Museum Archaeologists (1993) Selection, Retention and Dispersal of Archaeological Collections. Guidelines for use in England, Wales and Northern Ireland and Museums of Derbyshire (2016b) Procedures for the Deposition of Archaeological Archives from Derbyshire at Buxton Museum and Art Gallery and will be deposited within two months of the completion of the report. The PDNPA’s Senior Conservation Archaeologist and Museum Curator will be notified in writing on completion of the fieldwork with projected dates for the completion of the report and deposition of the archive. The date for deposition of the archive will be confirmed in the report and the PDNPA’s Senior Conservation Archaeologist informed in writing on final deposition of the archive.

7.8.3 All artefacts and associated material will be cleaned, recorded, properly stored and deposited in the archive (see section 6.4 above).

7.8.4 A full set of annotated, illustrative pictures of the site, excavation, features, layers and selected artefacts will be deposited with the archive as digital images on a CD ROM.

7.8.5 At the start of work (immediately before fieldwork commences) an OASIS online record http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/project/oasis/ will be initiated and key fields completed on Details, Location and Creators forms. All parts of the OASIS online form will be completed for submission to the HER. This will include an uploaded .pdf version of the entire report (a paper copy will also be included within the archive).

7.8.6 Written confirmation of the archive transfer arrangements, including a date (confirmed or projected) for the transfer, will be included as part of the final report.

7.8.7 The PDNPA’s Senior Conservation Archaeologist will be notified of the final deposition of the archive.

8 Monitoring Arrangements

8.1 The PDNPA’s Senior Conservation Archaeologist will be responsible for monitoring the intra-conversion structural watching brief and the archaeological monitoring, investigation and recording of ground works. Ideally, at least 7 days’ notice of the commencement of fieldwork will be given by ARS Ltd to the PDNPA’s Senior Conservation Archaeologist in order that arrangements for monitoring the work may be made.

Natalie Ward Senior Conservation Archaeologist Peak District National Park Authority Aldern House Baslow Road Bakewell DE45 1AE Tel: 01629 816243

8.2 The client will afford reasonable access to PDNPA’s Senior Conservation Archaeologist, or their representative, for the purpose of monitoring the archaeological works. ARS Ltd will liaise with PDNPA at regular intervals throughout the course of the work.

9 **TIMETABLE, STAFFING AND RESOURCES**

9.1 The outline timetable for the works is as follows. This will be updated by email as the project progresses.

| Proposed Commencement Date | Task | |----------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------| | Early July 2020 | Historical building recording | | Mid-July 2020 | Historical building report and archive | | TBA | Intra-conversion structural watching brief and the archaeological monitoring, investigation and recording of ground works | | TBA | Intra-conversion structural watching brief and the archaeological monitoring, investigation and recording of ground works report and archive |

9.2 The Project Manager for the historic building recording will be Robin Holgate MCIfA, Specialist Services Manager at ARS Ltd, whilst the intra-conversion structural watching brief and the archaeological monitoring, investigation and recording of ground works will be Reuben Thorpe MCIfA, Chief Archaeological Officer at ARS Ltd. The historic building recording, along with the intra-conversion watching brief and the archaeological monitoring, investigation and recording of ground works, will be carried out by George Nuth (BA Hons, MA) of ARS Ltd, potentially with assistance from additional ARS Ltd Archaeological Officers.

9.3 Specialist analyses will be carried out by appropriately qualified specialists as detailed subject to availability.

- Flint and prehistoric pottery: Dr Robin Holgate MCIfA
- Romano-British pottery: Dr Phil Mills MCIfA
- Samian ware: Dr Gwladys Monteil
- Medieval and post-medieval pottery: Dr Chris Cumberpatch/Dr Robin Holgate MCIfA
- Medieval and Post-Medieval glass, metalwork and clay pipes: Mike Wood MCIfA
- Metalworking: Dr Roger Doonan
- Plant macrofossils and charcoals: Luke Parker
- Human and animal bone: Milena Grzybowska 10 GENERAL ITEMS

10.1 Health and Safety

10.1.1 All work will be carried out in accordance with The Health and Safety at Work Act 1974. Specific health and safety policies exist for all our workplaces and all staff employed will be made aware of the policy and any relevant issues. The particular risks involved with this project will be assessed, recorded and relevant mitigation measures put in place as part of a full risk assessment, which will be compiled in advance of fieldwork and will be read and signed by all on-site operatives. ARS Ltd retains Citation as its expert health and safety consultants.

10.2 Insurance Cover

10.2.1 ARS Ltd has full insurance cover for employee liability (£10 million) public liability (£5 million), professional indemnity (£10 million) and all-risks cover.

10.3 Community Engagement and Outreach

10.3.1 Any opportunities for engaging the local community in any archaeological findings should be sought, for example a guided site tour and/or dissemination of information via ARS Ltd’s website and social media.

10.4 Publication and dissemination

10.4.1 If significant archaeological remains are recorded, a summary of the project with, if appropriate, selected drawings, illustrations and photographs will be submitted within 2 years of the completion of the project to Derbyshire Archaeological Journal for publication and, potentially, other appropriate publications (e.g. Archaeology Conservation in Derbyshire). If no other publication is recommended, a brief site summary in text format will be provided for Derbyshire Archaeological Journal’s annual fieldwork round-up. This will be sent to chriswardle01@btinternet.com at the same time as submitting the final report to Derbyshire HER.

10.5 Changes to the Written Scheme of Investigation

10.5.1 Changes to the approved methodology or programme of works will only be made with prior written approval of the PDNPA’s Senior Conservation Archaeologist.

10.6 Publicity and Copyright

10.6.1 Any publicity will be handled by the client. ARS Ltd will retain the copyright of all documentary and photographic material under the Copyright, Designs and Patent Act (1988). 11 REFERENCES

ADS/Digital Antiquity. 2011. Archaeology Data Service/Digital Antiquity Guides to Good Practice.

British Geological Survey 2018. Geology of Britain viewer. Available online at: http://mapapps.bgs.ac.uk/geologyofbritain/home/html [Accessed 14th November 2018].

Chartered Institute for Archaeologists (CIfA). 2014a. Code of Conduct. Reading, Chartered Institute for Archaeologists.

Chartered Institute for Archaeologists. 2014b. Standards and Guidance for Archaeological Watching Briefs. Reading: Chartered Institute for Archaeologists.

Chartered Institute for Archaeologists. 2014c. Standards and Guidance for the collection, documentation, conservation and research of archaeological materials. Reading: Chartered Institute for Archaeologists.

Chartered Institute for Archaeologists. 2014d. Standard and Guidance for the creation, compilation, transfer and deposition of archaeological archives. Reading, Chartered Institute for Archaeologists.

Chartered Institute for Archaeologists (CIfA). 2014e. Guidance for archaeological investigation and recording of standing buildings or structures. Reading, Chartered Institute for Archaeologists.

Department of Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS). 2008. Treasure Act 1996 Code of Practice (Second Revision). London, The Stationery Office.

Historic England 2011. Environmental Archaeology: A Guide to the Theory and Practice Methods, from sampling and recovery to post excavation. London, Historic England.

Historic England 2016. Understanding Historic Buildings. A Guide to Good Recording Practice. London, Historic England.

Knight, D., Vyner, B., and Allen, C. 2012. East Midlands Heritage: An Updated Research Agenda and Strategy for the historic Environment of the East Midlands. Nottingham.

Ministry for Housing, Communities and Local Government (MHCLG). 2018. National Planning Policy Framework. Crown Copyright, London.

Museums of Derbyshire. 2016a. Procedures for the Deposition of Archaeological Archives from Derbyshire at Derbyshire Record Office. Matlock, Derbyshire County Archaeological Services. Museums in Derbyshire 2016b. *Procedures for the Deposition of Archaeological Archives from Buxton Museum and Art Gallery*. Matlock, Derbyshire County Archaeological Services.

Society of Museum Archaeologists. 1993. *Selection, Retention, and Dispersal of Archaeological Collections. Guidelines for use in England, Wales and Northern Ireland*. Society of Museum Archaeologists, London.

TCA Ltd. 2018. *Heritage Statement & Heritage Impact Assessment for the Residential Conversion of Winster Methodist Chapel, East Bank, Winster, Derbyshire*. Tom Crooks Architecture Ltd.

United Kingdom Institute for Conservation (UKIC). 1990. *Guidelines for the Preparation of Archives for Long-Term Storage*.