No.    Records    Request
   1       3430    euthanasia
   2       1395    euthanasia in ti,de
   3      83674    physician*
   4      55740    elderly
   5      13349    suicide
   6     147320    nurs*
   7        833    #2 not (physician* or elderly or suicide or nurs*)
   8    6799731    py=1990:1997
   9        728    #7 and (py=1990:1997)
  10     334245    veterinar*
  11    2671606    animal*
  12      56083    dog
  13     100946    dogs
  14      47434    cat
  15      41229    cats
  16     203521    mouse
  17     288256    mice
  18     399258    rat
  19     439840    rats
  20      49891    livestock
  21      89097    farm
  22     159888    fish*
  23      14616    reptil*
  24      23023    amphibia*
  25    3287882    veterinar* or animal* or dog or dogs or cat or cats or mouse or mice or rat or rats or livestock or farm or fish* or reptil* or amphibia*
  26        356    #9 and #25
  27       7064    handicap*
* 28        354    #26 not handicap*
Record 1 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    CAT 10820705
UD:    9707
AU:    Blackburn,-P.-W.
CA:    Pig Veterinary Society.
TI:    The Casualty pig. Rev.
SO:    Cambridge [England] : The Society, c1996. 20 p. : ill.
CN:    DNAL HV4731.C27--1996
PA:    Foreign
PY:    1996
LA:    English
CP:    England; UK
NT:    Cover title.
PT:    Monograph
DE:    Swine-. Slaughtering-and-slaughter-houses. Euthanasia-.
CC:    L800
Record 2 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20572943
UD:    9706
TI:    Equine euthanasia and client bereavement.
SO:    Equine-pract. [Santa Barbara, Calif., : Veterinary Practice Pub. Co.], 1979-. Mar 1997. v. 19 (3) p. 39-42.
CN:    DNAL SF951.E62
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1997
LA:    English
CP:    California; USA
CO:    EQPRDF
IS:    ISSN: 0162-8941
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    horses-. euthanasia-. emotions-.
ID:    grieving-.
CC:    L800
Record 3 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20572098
UD:    9706
AU:    Coenen,-A.M.L.; Drinkenburg,-W.H.I.M.; Hoenderken,-R.; Luijtelaar,-E.L.J.M.-van.
TI:    Carbon dioxide euthanasia in rats: oxygen supplementation minimizes signs of agitation and asphyxia.
SO:    Lab-anim. London : Royal Society of Medicine Press Ltd. July 1995. v. 29 (3) p. 262-268.
CN:    DNAL QL55.A1L3
PA:    Foreign
PY:    1995
LA:    English
CP:    England; UK
CO:    LBANAX
IS:    ISSN: 0023-6772
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    rats-. euthanasia-. inhalation-. carbon-dioxide. oxygen-. stress-. animal-behavior. asphyxia-. brain-. heart-rate. electroencephalograms-. electrocardiograms-. animal-welfare.
ID:    electrial-brain-activity.
CC:    L110
AB:    This paper records the effects of carbon dioxide when used for euthanasia, on behaviour, electrical brain activity and heart rate in rats. Four different methods were used. Animals were placed in a box (a) that was completely filled with carbon dioxide; (b) into which carbon dioxide was streamed at a high flow rate; (c)into which carbon dioxide was streamed at a low flow rate and (d) into which a mixture of carbon dioxide and oxygen was streamed at a fast rate. It was found that the cessation of behaviour was associated with an aberrant pattern of electrical brain activity together with an abnormally low heart rate. The time to reach this point was shortest in those animals placed in the box filled with pure carbon dioxide, longer when carbon dioxide was introduced at a high rate into the box, longer still when oxygen was added to the carbon dioxide gas, and longest when carbon dioxide was streamed slowly into the box. In the condition with pure carbon dioxide, signs of behavioural agitation and asphyxia were seen. This was also true for the two conditions in which carbon dioxide streamed into the box, but to a lesser degree. These signs occurred when some degree of consciousness may still have been present in the animals. Signs of agitation and asphyxia were almost completely absent in the condition where oxygen was added to the carbon dioxide. These results not only demonstrate the usefulness of behavioural criteria next to electrophysiological indices, but also demonstrate that the negative effects of carbon dioxide euthanasia can be prevented by an additional supply of oxygen.
Record 4 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20557126
UD:    9704
AU:    Greene,-H.W.
TI:    Nonavian reptiles as laboratory animals.
SO:    ILAR-j. Washington, DC : Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources, National Research Council, 1995-. 1995. v. 37 (4) p. 182-190.
CN:    DNAL QL55.A1I43
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1995
LA:    English
CP:    District-of-Columbia; USA
IS:    ISSN: 1084-2020
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    reptiles-. laboratory-animals. animal-experiments. availability-. animal-husbandry. animal-housing. animal-breeding. identification-. anesthesia-. euthanasia-. surgery-. animal-welfare. regulations-.
ID:    species-availability. captive-breeding.
CC:    L110
Record 5 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20557122
UD:    9704
AU:    DeNardo,-D.
TI:    Amphibians as laboratory animals.
SO:    ILAR-j. Washington, DC : Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources, National Research Council, 1995-. 1995. v. 37 (4) p. 173-181.
CN:    DNAL QL55.A1I43
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1995
LA:    English
CP:    District-of-Columbia; USA
IS:    ISSN: 1084-2020
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    amphibia-. laboratory-animals. animal-husbandry. availability-. animal-welfare. animal-housing. water-quality. animal-breeding. animal-experiments. anesthesia-. euthanasia-. surgery-.
ID:    species-availability. captive-breeding.
CC:    L110; M001
Record 6 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20557110
UD:    9704
AU:    DeTolla,-L.J.; Srinivas,-S.; Whitaker,-B.R.; Andrews,-C.; Hecker,-B.; Kane,-A.S.; Reimschuessel,-R.
TI:    Guidelines for the care and use of fish in research.
SO:    ILAR-j. Washington, DC : Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources, National Research Council, 1995-. 1995. v. 37 (4) p. 159-173.
CN:    DNAL QL55.A1I43
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1995
LA:    English
CP:    District-of-Columbia; USA
IS:    ISSN: 1084-2020
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    fishes-. laboratory-animals. animal-experiments. animal-husbandry. animal-welfare. medical-research. anesthesia-. anesthetics-. euthanasia-. zoonoses-. guidelines-. regulations-.
ID:    fish-husbandry.
CC:    L110; M001; D500; L810; X380
Record 7 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20548730
UD:    9702
AU:    Milani,-M.M.
TI:    The no-kill controversy.
SO:    J-Am-Vet-Med-Assoc. Schaumburg, Ill. : American Veterinary Medical Association. Jan 1, 1997. v. 210 (1) p. 26-27.
CN:    DNAL 41.8-Am3
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1997
LA:    English
CP:    Illinois; USA
CO:    JAVMA4
IS:    ISSN: 0003-1488
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    pets-. euthanasia-. behavior-problems. veterinarians-. professional-ethics.
CC:    L800
Record 8 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20545616
UD:    9701
AU:    Estberg,-L.; Stover,-S.M.; Gardner,-I.A.; Drake,-C.M.; Johnson,-B.; Ardans,-A.
TI:    High-speed exercise history and catastrophic racing fracture in Thoroughbreds.
SO:    Am-j-vet-res. Schaumburg, Ill. : American Veterinary Medical Association. Nov 1996. v. 57 (11) p. 1549-1555.
CN:    DNAL 41.8-Am3A
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1996
LA:    English
CP:    Illinois; USA
CO:    AJVRAH
IS:    ISSN: 0002-9645
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    racehorses-. exercise-. bone-fractures. risk-factors. euthanasia-. racing-performance. history-. thoroughbred-. california-.
CC:    L841
Record 9 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20543557
UD:    9701
AU:    Baumans,-V.; Bartels,-H.L.; Bertens,-A.P.M.G.; Herck,-H.-van.; Hoenderken,-R.; Schlingmann,-F.
TI:    Euthanasia methods used for laboratory animals in The Netherlands.
SO:    Welfare and science  proceedings of the Fifth Symposium of the Federation of European Laboratory Animal Science Associations, 8-11 June 1993, Brighton, UK / Federation of European Laboratory Animal Science Associations Symposium. London : Royal Society of Medicine Press, 1994.. p. 219-223.
CN:    DNAL QL55.F43-1993
PA:    Foreign
PY:    1993
LA:    English
CP:    England; UK
IS:    ISBN: 1853152404
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    laboratory-animals. euthanasia-. species-differences. consciousness-. animal-welfare. injection-. anesthesia-. laboratory-methods. rats-. mice-. evaluation-. netherlands-.
CC:    L110; L800
Record 10 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20540536
UD:    9612
AU:    Graham,-S.
TI:    Issues of surplus animals.
SO:    Wild mammals in captivity  principles and techniques /. Chicago : University of Chicago Press, 1996.. p. 290-296.
CN:    DNAL SF408.W55-1996
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1996
LA:    English
CP:    Illinois; USA
IS:    ISBN: 0226440028 (cloth : alk. paper)
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    zoo-animals. overpopulation-. carrying-capacity. euthanasia-. animal-experiments. zoological-gardens.
ID:    surplus-captive-animals.
CC:    P000; L800
Record 11 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20536285
UD:    9611
AU:    Olson,-P.N.; Moulton,-C.
TI:    Pet (dog and cat) overpopulation in the United States.
ST:    Journal of reproduction and fertility. Supplement 0449-3087 ; no. 47.
        Journal of reproduction and fertility. Supplement ; no. 47.
SO:    Fertility and infertility in dogs, cats and other carnivores  proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Canine and Feline Reproduction, held at the University of Liege, Liege, Belgium, August 1992 / International Symposium on Canine and Feline Reproduction. Dorchester : Journal of Reproduction & Fertility, 1993.. p. 433-438.
CN:    DNAL 442.8-J8222-Suppl.-no.47
PA:    Foreign
PY:    1993
LA:    English
CP:    England; UK
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    dogs-. cats-. pets-. overpopulation-. pet-care. euthanasia-. usa-.
CC:    L800
Record 12 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20535531
UD:    9611
AU:    Sargison,-N.
TI:    Scrapie in sheep and goats.
SO:    In-pract. [London : British Veterinary Association, 1979-. Nov/Dec 1995. v. 17 (10) p. 467-469.
CN:    DNAL SF601.I4
PA:    Foreign
PY:    1995
LA:    English
CP:    England; UK
CO:    IPRCDH
IS:    ISSN: 0263-841X
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    sheep-. scrapie-. spongiform-encephalopathy. control-programs. federal-government. ataxia-. wool-. pruritus-. weight-losses. histopathology-. brain-. culling-. euthanasia-. central-nervous-system. disease-control. uk-.
CC:    L840; L833
Record 13 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20535530
UD:    9611
AU:    Knottenbelt,-D.
TI:    Euthanasia of horses--alternatives to the bullet.
SO:    In-pract. [London : British Veterinary Association, 1979-. Nov/Dec 1995. v. 17 (10) p. 462-463, 465.
CN:    DNAL SF601.I4
PA:    Foreign
PY:    1995
LA:    English
CP:    England; UK
CO:    IPRCDH
IS:    ISSN: 0263-841X
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    horses-. euthanasia-. pentobarbital-. drug-combinations. dosage-.
ID:    quinalbarbitone-sodium. cinchocaine-hydrochloride.
CC:    L810; L800
Record 14 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20535334
UD:    9611
AU:    Mills,-M.L.; Kraus-Hansen,-A.E.; Brown,-D.W.
TI:    Ovarian hematoma as a cause of small colon obstruction in a six-month-old foal.
SO:    Equine-pract. [Santa Barbara, Calif., : Veterinary Practice Pub. Co.], 1979-. May 1996. v. 18 (5) p. 25-27.
CN:    DNAL SF951.E62
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1996
LA:    English
CP:    California; USA
CO:    EQPRDF
IS:    ISSN: 0162-8941
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    foals-. colic-. ovaries-. hematoma-. colon-. intestinal-obstruction. trauma-. euthanasia-.
CC:    L840
Record 15 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20534998
UD:    9611
AU:    Rogers,-K.S.; Barton,-C.L.; Habron,-J.M.
TI:    Cytology during surgery.
SO:    Compend-contin-educ-pract-vet. Trenton, N.J. : Veterinary Learning Systems Company. Feb 1996. v. 18 (2) p. 153-156, 158-160, 162-163.
CN:    DNAL SF601.C66
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1996
LA:    English
CP:    New-Jersey; USA
IS:    ISSN: 0193-1903
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    veterinary-medicine. surgery-. cytology-. neoplasms-. inflammation-. macrophages-. diagnosis-. fibroblasts-. metastasis-. euthanasia-.
CC:    L840; L800
Record 16 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20534839
UD:    9611
AU:    Nast,-R.; Middleton,-D.M.; Wheler,-C.L.
TI:    Generalized encephalitozoonosis in a Jersey wooly rabbit.
SO:    Can-vet-j. Ottawa : Canadian Veterinary Medical Association, c1978-. May 1996. v. 37 (5) p. 303-305.
CN:    DNAL 41.8-R3224
PA:    Foreign
PY:    1996
LA:    English
CP:    Ontario; Canada
IS:    ISSN: 0008-5286
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    rabbits-. encephalitozoon-cuniculi. protozoal-infections. symptoms-. medical-treatment. diagnosis-. euthanasia-. case-reports. meningitis-. encephalitis-.
CC:    L823
Record 17 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20534757
UD:    9611
AU:    Vatistas,-N.; Mayhew,-J.
TI:    Differential diagnosis of polyneuritis equi.
SO:    In-pract. [London : British Veterinary Association, 1979-. Jan 1995. v. 17 (1) p. 26, 28-29.
CN:    DNAL SF601.I4
PA:    Foreign
PY:    1995
LA:    English
CP:    England; UK
CO:    IPRCDH
IS:    ISSN: 0263-841X
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    horses-. neuritis-. tail-. peritoneum-. diagnosis-. trauma-. equine-herpesvirus. sarcocystis-. euthanasia-. drug-therapy. case-reports.
CC:    L840; L833
Record 18 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20534753
UD:    9611
AU:    Winter,-A.
TI:    Problems of extensive sheep farming systems.
SO:    In-pract. [London : British Veterinary Association, 1979-. May 1995. v. 17 (5) p. 217-220.
CN:    DNAL SF601.I4
PA:    Foreign
PY:    1995
LA:    English
CP:    England; UK
CO:    IPRCDH
IS:    ISSN: 0263-841X
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    sheep-farming. large-scale-husbandry. animal-nutrition. sheep-housing. age-. lambing-. sheep-diseases. mortality-. euthanasia-. uk-.
CC:    L100; L500; L800
Record 19 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20534270
UD:    9611
AU:    Brackenridge,-S.S.; Shoemaker,-R.S.
TI:    The human/horse bond and client bereavement in equine practice. 2.
SO:    Equine-pract. [Santa Barbara, Calif., : Veterinary Practice Pub. Co.], 1979-. Feb 1996. v. 18 (2) p. 23-25.
CN:    DNAL SF951.E62
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1996
LA:    English
CP:    California; USA
CO:    EQPRDF
IS:    ISSN: 0162-8941
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    man-. horses-. death-and-dying. emotions-. veterinary-practice. euthanasia-.
CC:    L800
Record 20 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20533257
UD:    9611
AU:    Schneider,-B.J.
TI:    Euthanasia and veterinarian.
SO:    Can-vet-j. Ottawa : Canadian Veterinary Medical Association, c1978-. Apr 1996. v. 37 (4) p. 217-218.
CN:    DNAL 41.8-R3224
PA:    Foreign
PY:    1996
LA:    English
CP:    Ontario; Canada
IS:    ISSN: 0008-5286
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    veterinarians-. euthanasia-. emotions-. moral-values.
CC:    L800; X800
Record 21 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20532687
UD:    9610
AU:    Brackenridge,-S.S.; Shoemaker,-R.S.
TI:    The human/horse bond and client bereavement in equine practice. 3.
SO:    Equine-pract. [Santa Barbara, Calif., : Veterinary Practice Pub. Co.], 1979-. Apr 1996. v. 18 (4) p. 20-23.
CN:    DNAL SF951.E62
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1996
LA:    English
CP:    California; USA
CO:    EQPRDF
IS:    ISSN: 0162-8941
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    man-. horses-. death-and-dying. euthanasia-. veterinary-practice. emotions-. burnout-.
CC:    L800; L000
Record 22 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20531004
UD:    9610
AU:    Sanders,-N.A.; Kerlin,-R.L.; Dambach,-D.M.
TI:    Aggressive, undifferentiated sarcoma with widespread metastasis in a six-month-old Neopolitan mastiff.
SO:    J-Am-Anim-Hosp-Assoc. Lakewood, Colo. : The American Animal Hospital Association. Mar/Apr 1996. v. 32 (2) p. 97-101.
CN:    DNAL SF601.A5
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1996
LA:    English
CP:    Colorado; USA
CO:    JAAHBL
IS:    ISSN: 0587-2871
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    dogs-. puppies-. sarcoma-. metastasis-. euthanasia-. postmortem-examinations. case-reports.
CC:    L840
Record 23 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20525237
UD:    9609
AU:    Raj,-A.B.M.; Whittington,-P.E.
TI:    Euthanasia of day-old chicks with carbon dioxide and argon.
SO:    Vet-rec. London : The British Veterinary Association. Mar 25, 1995. v. 136 (12) p. 292-294.
CN:    DNAL 41.8-V641
PA:    Foreign
PY:    1995
LA:    English
CP:    England; UK
CO:    VETRAX
IS:    ISSN: 0042-4900
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    chicks-. euthanasia-. carbon-dioxide. argon-. oxygen-. survival-. exposure-. efficacy-. animal-welfare. -.
CC:    L800; L100
Record 24 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20511307
UD:    9606
AU:    Slater,-M.R.; Barton,-C.L.; Rogers,-K.S.; Peterson,-J.L.; Harris,-C.K.; Wallace,-K.
TI:    Factors affecting treatment decisions and satisfaction of owners of cats with cancer.
SO:    J-Am-Vet-Med-Assoc. Schaumburg, Ill. : American Veterinary Medical Association. Apr 15, 1996. v. 208 (8) p. 1248-1252.
CN:    DNAL 41.8-Am3
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1996
LA:    English
CP:    Illinois; USA
CO:    JAVMA4
IS:    ISSN: 0003-1488
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    cats-. neoplasms-. treatment-. euthanasia-. decision-making.
CC:    L840
Record 25 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20508416
UD:    9605
AU:    White,-D.J.; Shawhan,-R.
TI:    Emotional responses of animal shelter workers to euthanasia.
SO:    J-Am-Vet-Med-Assoc. Schaumburg, Ill. : American Veterinary Medical Association. Mar 15, 1996. v. 208 (6) p. 846-849.
CN:    DNAL 41.8-Am3
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1996
LA:    English
CP:    Illinois; USA
CO:    JAVMA4
IS:    ISSN: 0003-1488
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    euthanasia-. emotions-. workers-. mental-stress.
CC:    L800; X380
Record 26 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20501755
UD:    9604
AU:    Rogers,-K.S.; Helman,-R.G.; Walker,-M.A.
TI:    Squamous cell carcinoma of the canine nasal planum: eight cases (1988-1994).
SO:    J-Am-Anim-Hosp-Assoc. Lakewood, Colo. : The Association. Sept/Oct 1995. v. 31 (5) p. 373-378.
CN:    DNAL SF601.A5
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1995
LA:    English
CP:    Colorado; USA
CO:    JAAHBL
IS:    ISSN: 0587-2871
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    dogs-. nose-. carcinoma-. prognosis-. euthanasia-. malignant-course. radiotherapy-. resection-. survival-. duration-.
CC:    L840
Record 27 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20496583
UD:    9602
AU:    Patronek,-G.J.; Glickman,-L.T.; Moyer,-M.R.
TI:    Population dynamics and the risk of euthanasia for dogs in an animal shelter.
SO:    Anthrozoos. Renton, Wash. : Delta Society. 1995. v. 8 (1) p. 31-43.
CN:    DNAL SF411.A57
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1995
LA:    English
CP:    Washington; USA
IS:    ISSN: 0892-7936
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    dogs-. euthanasia-. breed-differences. age-differences. stray-animals. risk-.
CC:    L800; L100
Record 28 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20496341
UD:    9602
AU:    Smith,-A.J.
TI:    The treatment of pain and suffering in laboratory animals.
SO:    Handbook of laboratory animal science /. Boca Raton, Fla. : CRC Press, c1994.. p. 339-351.
CN:    DNAL QL55.H36-1994
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1994
LA:    English
CP:    Florida; USA
IS:    ISBN: 084934378X (v. 1 : acid-free paper)
NT:    Volume I: Selection and handling of animals in biomedical research / edited by P. Svendsen and J. Hau.
        Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    laboratory-animals. animal-welfare. pain-. prevention-. medical-treatment. euthanasia-.
CC:    L110
Record 29 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20496305
UD:    9602
AU:    Bemier,-J.F.
TI:    Euthanasia.
SO:    Can-Assoc-Lab-Anim-Sci-newsl. Ottawa, Ont. : Canadian Association for Laboratory Animal Science,. June 1994. v. 28 (3) p. 69-71, 73-74.
CN:    DNAL SF405.5.C36
PA:    Foreign
PY:    1994
LA:    English
CP:    Alberta; Canada
IS:    ISSN: 0045-4354
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    animals-. euthanasia-. methodology-. pain-. animal-welfare.
CC:    L110; L800
Record 30 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20486197
UD:    9512
AU:    Brackenridge,-S.S.; Kirby,-B.M.; Johnson,-S.W.
TI:    Client counseling in orthopedic emergencies.
SO:    Vet-clin-North-Am,-Small-anim-pract. Philadelphia : W. B. Saunders Co., 1979-. Sept 1995. v. 25 (5) p. 1047-1058.
CN:    DNAL SF601.V523
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1995
LA:    English
CP:    Pennsylvania; USA
IS:    ISSN: 0195-5616
NT:    In the series analytic: Management of orthopedic emergencies / edited by Ronald McLaughlin and James Roush.
        Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    domestic-animals. emergencies-. orthopedics-. counseling-. communication-. prognosis-. economics-. euthanasia-. abuse-.
CC:    L841; L800
Record 31 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20485976
UD:    9512
AU:    Lee,-L.; Lee,-M.
TI:    Euthanasia--how do you handle it.
SO:    In-pract. [London : British Veterinary Association, 1979-. Nov 1994. v. 16 (6) p. 334-337.
CN:    DNAL SF601.I4
PA:    Foreign
PY:    1994
LA:    English
CP:    England; UK
CO:    IPRCDH
IS:    ISSN: 0263-841X
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    pets-. small-animal-practice. euthanasia-. customer-relations.
CC:    L800
Record 32 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20480993
UD:    9511
AU:    Bowyer,-G.; Cubitt,-S.
TI:    An improved method of carbon dioxide euthanasia for rodents.
SO:    Anim-technol. [Sussex] : The Institute. Apr 1995. v. 46 (1) p. 19-28.
CN:    DNAL QL55.I5
PA:    Foreign
PY:    1995
LA:    English
CP:    England; UK
IS:    ISSN: 0264-4754
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    rodents-. euthanasia-. carbon-dioxide. animal-welfare.
CC:    L110; L800
AB:    Methods of euthanasia must be effective, safe and humane, and should also be acceptable to the operator. This paper describes how these requirements have been satisfied with the design and installation of a new system for carbon dioxide (CO2) euthanasia in our laboratories.
Record 33 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20470658
UD:    9508
AU:    Bosland,-M.C.
TI:    Is decapitation a humane method of euthanasia in rodents? A critical review.
SO:    Contem-top-lab-anim-sci. Cordova, TN : The Association, 1992-. Mar 1995. v. 34 (2) p. 46-48.
CN:    DNAL SF405.5.A23
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1995
LA:    English
CP:    Tennessee; USA
IS:    ISSN: 1060-0558
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    rodents-. decapitation-. euthanasia-. animal-welfare.
CC:    L110; L800
Record 34 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20470124
UD:    9508
AU:    Butler,-C.; Lagoni,-L.
TI:    Facilitating euthanasia decisions.
SO:    Compend-contin-educ-pract-vet. Trenton, N.J. : Veterinary Learning Systems Company. Nov 1994. v. 16 (11) p. 1469-1475, 1489.
CN:    DNAL SF601.C66
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1994
LA:    English
CP:    New-Jersey; USA
IS:    ISSN: 0193-1903
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    pets-. euthanasia-. decision-making. customer-relations.
CC:    L800
Record 35 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20466565
UD:    9508
AU:    Berger-Sweeney,-J.; Berger,-U.V.; Sharma,-M.; Paul,-C.A.
TI:    Effects of carbon dioxide-induced anesthesia on cholinergic parameters in rat brain.
SO:    Lab-anim-sci. Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science. Aug 1994. v. 44 (4) p. 369-371.
CN:    DNAL 410.9-P94
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1994
LA:    English
CP:    Tennessee; USA
CO:    LBASAE
IS:    ISSN: 0023-6764
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    rats-. acetylcholinesterase-. choline-acetyltransferase. enzyme-activity. anesthesia-. carbon-dioxide. decapitation-. hippocampus-. cerebral-cortex. cerebellum-. euthanasia-. animal-welfare.
CC:    L110; L800; L600
AB:    We report that acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activities in rat brain were virtually identical whether the rat was anesthetized with carbon dioxide (CO2) before decapitation or decapitated without prior sedation. The AChE and ChAT activities were measured in three brain regions; the hippocampus, cerebral cortex, and cerebellum. Enzyme activities varied significantly by brain region, with the highest values in the hippocampus and the lowest values in the cerebellum. Enzyme activities, however, did not vary with the method of euthanasia, either CO2-induced anesthesia prior to decapitation or decapitation without anesthesia. These data suggest that CO2-induced anesthesia prior to decapitation does not alter activities of these cholinergic markers in rat hippocampus, cerebral cortex, and cerebellum. This method of euthanasia eliminates the need to capture a conscious animal, which reduces stress to the animal and the experimenter.
Record 36 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    CAT 10688115
UD:    9502
CA:    Livestock Conservation Institute.
TI:    Proper handling techniques for non-ambulatory animals.
SO:    Madison, Wis. : The Institute, c1992. 19 p. : ill.
CN:    DNAL SF140.S33P76--1992
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1992
LA:    English
CP:    Wisconsin; USA
NT:    Cover title.
PT:    Monograph
DE:    Livestock-Handling-Safety-measures. Euthanasia-of-animals. Animal-welfare.
CC:    L800
Record 37 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20456362
UD:    9500
AU:    Baker,-H.J.; Scrimgeour,-H.J.
TI:    Evaluation of methods for the euthanasia of cattle in a foreign animal disease outbreak.
SO:    Can-vet-j. Ottawa : Canadian Veterinary Medical Association, c1978-. Mar 1995. v. 36 (3) p. 160-165.
CN:    DNAL 41.8-R3224
PA:    Foreign
PY:    1995
LA:    English; Summary in: French
CP:    Ontario; Canada
IS:    ISSN: 0008-5286
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    cattle-. euthanasia-. veterinary-equipment. outbreaks-. cattle-diseases. disease-control.
ID:    captive-bolt-guns. magnum-stunner. rifles-. shotguns-.
CC:    L800
Record 38 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20425863
UD:    9411
AU:    Reisner,-I.R.; Erb,-H.N.; Houpt,-K.A.
TI:    Risk factors for behavior-related euthanasia among dominant -aggressive dogs: 110 cases (1989-1992).
SO:    J-Am-Vet-Med-Assoc. Schaumburg, Ill. : The Association. Sept 15, 1994. v. 205 (6) p. 855-863.
CN:    DNAL 41.8-Am3
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1994
LA:    English
CP:    Illinois; USA
CO:    JAVMA4
IS:    ISSN: 0003-1488
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    dogs-. aggressive-behavior. social-dominance. risk-. euthanasia-. prognosis-. regression-analysis. body-weight. prediction-.
ID:    purchased-dogs. behavior-predictability.
CC:    L300; L800; X100
Record 39 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20416896
UD:    9410
AU:    Raj,-A.B.M.
TI:    An investigation into the batch killing of turkeys in their transport containers using mixtures of gases.
SO:    Res-vet-sci. London : British Veterinary Association, 1960-. May 1994. v. 56 (3) p. 325-331.
CN:    DNAL 41.8-R312
PA:    Foreign
PY:    1994
LA:    English
CP:    England; UK
CO:    RVTSA9
IS:    ISSN: 0034-5288
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    turkeys-. stunning-. euthanasia-. containers-. transport-of-animals. argon-. carbon-dioxide. anoxia-. carcass-quality. hemorrhage-. stress-. animal-welfare.
ID:    gas-stunning. electrical-stunning. hypercapric-anoxia.
CC:    L800; L100; Q503
AB:    This study was carried out under commercial conditions to investigate the feasibility of killing turkeys while they were still in their transport containers, with a mixture of gases, and to compare the effects of this method and electrical stunning on the prevalence of carcass downgrading conditions and hemorrhages in the breast muscles.  The results showed that turkeys could be readily killed while still in their transport containers by using either anoxia induced with 90 per cent argon in air or hypercapnic anoxia induced with a mixture of 30 per cent carbon dioxide and 60 per cent argon in air, and that the prevalence of carcass-downgrading conditions and hemorrhages in the breast muscles was lower after killing the turkeys with the gases.
Record 40 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20410584
UD:    9409
AU:    Hewett,-T.A.; Kovacs,-M.S.; Artwohl,-J.E.; Bennett,-B.T.
TI:    A comparison of euthanasia methods in rats, using carbon dioxide in prefilled and fixed flow rate filled chambers.
SO:    Lab-anim-sci. Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science. Dec 1993. v. 43 (6) p. 579-582.
CN:    DNAL 410.9-P94
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1993
LA:    English
CP:    Tennessee; USA
CO:    LBASAE
IS:    ISSN: 0023-6764
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    rats-. euthanasia-. carbon-dioxide. animal-welfare. methodology-. blood-. gases-. animal-behavior.
CC:    L800; L110
AB:    The two methods (prefilled and fixed flow rate filled chambers) recommended in the 1993 AVMA Euthanasia Panel report for using carbon dioxide to euthanatize rats were evaluated in terms of their effect on behavior and selected blood gas values. Responses were videotaped during exposure to greater than or equal to 90% carbon dioxide in a prefilled chamber or a gradually filled chamber, using a fixed flow rate of 20% chamber volume/min. Arterial blood samples were taken to determine partial pressure of oxygen, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, pH, and oxygen saturation prior to entering the chamber and at time points determined by rats' responses to carbon dioxide. Rats showed similar reactions when exposed to carbon dioxide by either method. Significant differences in mean time for each response to occur were seen between euthanasia methods. Maintaining a near atmospheric oxygen chamber concentration by using a 75% CO2:20% O2:5% N2 gas mixture to gradually fill the chamber did not change rats' reactions upon exposure. Significant differences were found between pre-exposure values and values from samples obtained when rats became immobile after entering the prefilled chamber. Partial pressure of carbon dioxide significantly increased, and pH and percent oxygen saturation significantly decreased from pre-exposure values in all samples obtained after rats entered the gradually filled chamber. Partial pressure of oxygen in these rats was greater than or equal to pre-exposure levels in all samples. Rats appeared sedated because of the anesthestic effects of carbon dioxide when immobility was observed. Distress was not observed in the rats when either method of euthanasia.
        was used.
Record 41 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20399532
UD:    9407
AU:    Grandin,-T.
TI:    Euthanasia and slaughter of livestock.
SO:    J-Am-Vet-Med-Assoc. Schaumburg, Ill. : The Association. May 1, 1994. v. 209 (9) p. 1354-1360.
CN:    DNAL 41.8-Am3
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1994
LA:    English
CP:    Illinois; USA
CO:    JAVMA4
IS:    ISSN: 0003-1488
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    livestock-. euthanasia-. slaughter-. methodology-. animal-welfare. slaughtering-equipment. electrical-treatment. efficacy-. carbon-dioxide. stress-. animal-behavior. blood-. restraint-of-animals.
ID:    captive-bolt-guns. ritual-slaughter.
CC:    L800; L100
Record 42 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20399410
UD:    9407
AU:    Blackmore,-D.K.
TI:    Euthanasia; not always eu.
SO:    Aust-vet-j. Brunswick, Vic. : Australian Veterinary Association, 1927-. Nov 1993. v. 70 (11) p. 409-413.
CN:    DNAL 41.8-Au72
PA:    Foreign
PY:    1993
LA:    English
CP:    Australia
CO:    AUVJA2
IS:    ISSN: 0005-0423
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    euthanasia-. animal-welfare. pain-. methodology-.
CC:    L800
Record 43 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20396171
UD:    9406
AU:    Knottenbelt,-D.C.; Jones,-R.S.; Brazil,-T.J.; Proudman,-C.J.; Edwards,-S.R.; Harrison,-L.J.
TI:    Humane destruction of horses with a mixture of quinalbarbitone and cinchocaine.
SO:    Vet-rec. London : The British Veterinary Association. Mar 26, 1994. v. 134 (13) p. 319-324.
CN:    DNAL 41.8-V641
PA:    Foreign
PY:    1994
LA:    English
CP:    England; UK
CO:    VETRAX
IS:    ISSN: 0042-4900
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    horses-. euthanasia-. drug-combinations. drugs-. drug-effects. dosage-. intravenous-injection. time-. pretreatment-. animal-welfare.
ID:    premedication-.
CC:    L800
Record 44 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    CAT 10662502
UD:    9406
AU:    Ellis,-B.-J.
TI:    Paws for thought : a look at the conflicts, questions and challenges of animal euthanasia.
SO:    Columbia, S.C. : Paw Print Press, c1993. 137 p.
CN:    DNAL SF756.394.E44--1993
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1993
LA:    English
CP:    South-Carolina; USA
IS:    ISBN: 0963670808
NT:    Includes bibliographical references (p. 125-128).
PT:    Monograph; Bibliography
DE:    Animal-welfare. Euthanasia-of-animals.
CC:    L800
Record 45 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20389081
UD:    9405
AU:    Lagoni,-L.; Butler,-C.
TI:    Facilitating companion animal death.
SO:    Compend-contin-educ-pract-vet. Trenton, N.J. : Veterinary Learning Systems Company. Jan 1994. v. 16 (1) p. 70-76.
CN:    DNAL SF601.C66
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1994
LA:    English
CP:    New-Jersey; USA
IS:    ISSN: 0193-1903
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    pets-. euthanasia-. drugs-. catheters-. small-animal-practice. emotions-. customer-relations.
ID:    grief-.
CC:    L800
Record 46 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20388609
UD:    9405
AU:    Lawrence,-E.A.
TI:    Euthanasia and the human-equine bond.
SO:    Equine-pract. [Santa Barbara, Calif., : Veterinary Practice Pub. Co.], 1979-. Nov/Dec 1993. v. 15 (10) p. 34-36, 38-39, 41-44.
CN:    DNAL SF951.E62
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1993
LA:    English
CP:    California; USA
CO:    EQPRDF
IS:    ISSN: 0162-8941
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    horses-. euthanasia-. man-. attachment-behavior.
CC:    L800
Record 47 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20381936
UD:    9404
AU:    Hare,-D.
TI:    The right to die.
SO:    Can-vet-j. Ottawa : Canadian Veterinary Medical Association, c1978-. Feb 1994. v. 35 (2) p. 69-70.
CN:    DNAL 41.8-R3224
PA:    Foreign
PY:    1994
LA:    English, French
CP:    Ontario; Canada
IS:    ISSN: 0008-5286
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    pets-. euthanasia-.
CC:    L800
Record 48 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20365183
UD:    9402
AU:    Finnie,-J.W.
TI:    Brain damage caused by a captive bolt pistol.
SO:    J-comp-pathol. London : Academic Press. Oct 1993. v. 109 (3) p. 253-258.
CN:    DNAL 41.8-J82
PA:    Foreign
PY:    1993
LA:    English
CP:    England; UK
CO:    JCVPAR
IS:    ISSN: 0021-9975
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    sheep-. euthanasia-. slaughtering-equipment. animal-welfare.
CC:    L800; L100
Record 49 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20338115
UD:    9311
AU:    Evans,-A.T.; Broadstone,-R.; Stapleton,-J.; Hooks,-T.M.; Johnston,-S.M.; McNeil,-J.R.
TI:    Comparison of pentobarbital alone and pentobarbital in combination with lidocaine for euthanasia of dogs.
SO:    J-Am-Vet-Med-Assoc. Schaumburg, Ill. : The Association. Sept 1, 1993. v. 203 (5) p. 664-666.
CN:    DNAL 41.8-Am3
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1993
LA:    English
CP:    Illinois; USA
CO:    JAVMA4
IS:    ISSN: 0003-1488
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    dogs-. euthanasia-. pentobarbital-. drug-combinations. lidocaine-. dosage-. drug-synergy. time-.
CC:    L800
Record 50 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 20337258
UD:    9311
AU:    Hellebrekers,-L.J.; Baumans,-V.; Bertens,-A.P.M.G.; Hartman,-W.
TI:    On the use of T61 for euthanasia of domestic and laboratory animals; an ethical evaluation.
SO:    Lab-anim. London : Royal Society of Medicine Services. July 1990. v. 24 (3) p. 200-204.
CN:    DNAL QL55.A1L3
PA:    Foreign
PY:    1990
LA:    English
CP:    England; UK
CO:    LBANAX
IS:    ISSN: 0023-6772
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
SF:    IND
DE:    dogs-. rabbits-. euthanasia-.
CC:    L800; L110
AB:    A number of experiments was carried out to determine the sequence of events leading to death following administration of the euthanizing agent T61. Simultaneous recordings of the EMG, EEG, ECG and end-tidal CO2 (dogs only) were obtained in acutely instrumented rabbits and dogs. Results show that following T61 administration the loss of consciousness and loss of muscle activity occurred simultaneously. Vocalization and increased muscle movement occurred in the initial phase of the injection in 3 of 8 dogs, injected with T61 or butyramid. From this study it was concluded that the presence of the muscle relaxant does not pose an ethical problem for the use of T61 as an euthanizing agent, but our results suggest that the use of T61 may have some emotionally unpleasant side-effects.
Record 51 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 93053146
UD:    9310
AU:    Kreger,-M.D.; Smith,-C.P.; Lyons-Carter,-J.
TI:    Animal euthanasia.
SO:    Spec-Ref-Briefs-Natl-Agric-Libr-U-S. Beltsville, Md. : The Library. July 1993. (93-06) 55 p.
CN:    DNAL aS21.D27S64
PA:    USDA
PY:    1993
LA:    English
IS:    ISSN: 1052-536X
NT:    Updates SRB 91-02.
        Bibliography.
PT:    Article
DE:    animals-. euthanasia-. bibliographies-.
CC:    L800
Record 52 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 93038749
UD:    9308
AU:    Lawrence,-E.A.
TI:    Equine euthanasia: human-animal bond aspects.
SO:    Proc-Annu-Conv-Am-Assoc-Equine-Pract. Lexington, Ky. : The Association. 1993. p. 95-103.
CN:    DNAL SF601.A46
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1993
LA:    English
IS:    ISSN: 0065-7182
NT:    Meeting helding on November 29-December 2, 1992, Orlando, Florida.
        Includes references.
PT:    Article
DE:    horses-. euthanasia-.
CC:    L800
Record 53 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 93038334
UD:    9308
TI:    1993 Report of the AVMA Panel on Euthanasia.
SO:    J-Am-Vet-Med-Assoc. Schaumburg, Ill. : The Association. Jan 15, 1993. v. 202 (2) p. 229-249.
CN:    DNAL 41.8-AM3
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1993
LA:    English
CO:    JAVMA
IS:    ISSN: 0003-1488
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
DE:    animals-. euthanasia-. drugs-. methodology-. reports-.
CC:    L800
Record 54 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 93026772
UD:    9306
AU:    Guntzelman,-J.; Riegger,-M.H.
TI:    Helping pet owners with the euthanasia decision.
SO:    Vet-Med. Lenexa, Kan. : Veterinary Medicine Publishing Co. Jan 1993. v. 88 (1) p. 26-34.
CN:    DNAL 41.8-M69
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1993
LA:    English
IS:    ISSN: 8750-7943
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
DE:    pets-. euthanasia-. decision-making. pain-. veterinarians-. quality-of-life. usa-.
CC:    L100; L800
Record 55 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 93020934
UD:    9305
AU:    Misita,-P.A.
TI:    A modified filter unit for use as a CO2 inhalation chamber for laboratory animals.
SO:    Lab-Anim. New York, N.Y. : Nature Publishing Company. Jan 1993. v. 22 (1) p. 45.
CN:    DNAL QL55.A1L33
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1993
LA:    English
IS:    ISSN: 0093-7355
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
DE:    laboratory-animals. carbon-dioxide. anesthesia-. euthanasia-.
CC:    L110
Record 56 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 93012093
UD:    9304
AU:    Fogle,-B.; Abrahamson,-D.
TI:    Pet loss: a survey of the attitudes and feelings of practicing veterinarians.
SO:    Anthrozoos. Hanover, N.H. : University Press of New England for Delta Society. Winter 1990. v. 111 (3) p. 143-150.
CN:    DNAL SF411.A57
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1990
LA:    English
IS:    ISSN: 0892-7936
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
DE:    veterinarians-. pets-. euthanasia-. demography-. surveys-. emotions-. uk-.
CC:    L800
Record 57 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 92067251
UD:    9212
AU:    Cooper,-J.E.; Knowler,-C.
TI:    Snails and snail farming: an introduction for the veterinary profession.
SO:    Vet-Rec-J-Br-Vet-Assoc. London : The Association. Dec 21/28, 1991. v. 129 (25/26) p. 541-549.
CN:    DNAL 41.8-V641
PA:    Foreign
PY:    1991
LA:    English
CO:    VETRAX
IS:    ISSN: 0042-4900
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
DE:    snails-. biology-. animal-husbandry. handling-. transport-of-animals. farming-systems. animal-diseases. pathology-. morbidity-. mortality-. euthanasia-.
CC:    L100; L800
Record 58 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 92039431
UD:    9208
AU:    Bauer,-M.S.; Glickman,-N.; Salisbury,-S.K.; Toombs,-J.P.; Prostredny,-J.M.
TI:    Survival vs. terminal animal laboratories to teach small animal surgery.
SO:    J-Vet-Med-Educ. Blacksburg, Va. : The Association of American Veterinary Medical Colleges. Spring 1992. v. 19 (2) p. 54-58.
CN:    DNAL SF601.J62
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1992
LA:    English
IS:    ISSN: 0748-321X
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
DE:    dogs-. cats-. surgery-. teaching-methods. animal-experiments. cadavers-. euthanasia-. survival-. veterinary-education. college-students. attitudes-. beliefs-. learning-experiences. academic-achievement. animal-welfare.
ID:    survival-surgery. cadaver-surgery. terminal-surgery. animal-usage.
CC:    C100; L800; L110
Record 59 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 92029784
UD:    9206
AU:    Lord,-R.; Jones,-G.L.; Spencer,-L.
TI:    Ethanol euthanasia and its effect on the binding of antibody generated against an immunogenic peptide construct.
SO:    Res-Vet-Sci. London : British Veterinary Association. Sept 1991. v. 51 (2) p. 164-168.
CN:    DNAL 41.8-R312
PA:    Foreign
PY:    1991
LA:    English
CO:    RVTSA
IS:    ISSN: 0034-5288
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
DE:    mice-. euthanasia-. ethanol-. antibodies-. binding-. peptides-. cross-reaction.
CC:    L800; L110
AB:    Mice were immunised with an immunogenic peptide construct CKNNNSTNSGI coupled to diphtheria toxoid as a carrier. This peptide sequence contains the epitope STNS which is the target of inhibitory monoclonal antibodies directed against the second merozoite surface antigen of Plasmodium falciparum. Antisera raised against the peptide construct were taken using an injection of 70 per cent ethanol or sodium pentobarbitone as methods of euthanasia and these methods compared by determining their effects on the binding specificity of the antibody to the antigen using the immunological criteria of immunofluoresence, immunoblotting and ELISA assays. There was no significant decrease in antibody binding with either sodium pentobarbitone, or ethanol with a final concentration of less than 30 per cent in mouse antisera. Antisera with an added ethanol concentration of 40 to 60 per cent relaxed antibody conformation and this raises the possibility of using the differential effects of ethanol as a tool in mapping antigenic fine structure of a range of antibodies directed against defined epitopes. The cross-reactive response of non-specific antibodies in polyclonal antisera was lowered at the suggested dosage for ethanol euthanasia. Ethanol has immense potential as an alternative method of euthanasia when barbiturate drugs, such as sodium pentobarbitone, are unavailable in specific experimental protocols. This may especially aid research workers in developing countries involved in vaccine development, antibody production and subsequent serological analysis.
Record 60 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    CAT 92985060
UD:    9206
AU:    Grier,-Ronald-L. (Ronald Lee); Colvin,-Tom-L.; Kopecky,-Lois-N.
TI:    Euthanasia guide (for animal shelters). 3rd ed.
OT:    Euthanasia guide for animal shelters.
SO:    Ames, Iowa : Moss Creek Publications, c1990. iv, 47 p. : ill.
CN:    DNAL SF914.G74-1990
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1990
LA:    English
CP:    Iowa; USA
NT:    Includes bibliographical references (p. 46).
PT:    Monograph; Bibliography
DE:    Euthanasia-. Pets-Death. Animal-welfare. Pounds-.
CC:    L800
Record 61 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 92022746
UD:    9205
AU:    McConnico,-R.S.; Clem,-M.F.; DeBowes,-R.M.
TI:    Supportive medical care of recumbent horses.
SO:    Compend-Contin-Educ-Pract-Vet. Trenton, N.J. : Veterinary Learning Systems Company. Aug 1991. v. 13 (8) p. 1287-1295.
CN:    DNAL SF601.C66
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1991
LA:    English
IS:    ISSN: 0193-1903
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
DE:    horses-. differential-diagnosis. clinical-examination. shock-. respiration-. euthanasia-. treatment-. complications-.
CC:    L800
Record 62 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 92005725
UD:    9203
AU:    Hetts,-S.; Lagoni,-L.
TI:    The owner of the pet with cancer.
SO:    Vet-Clin-North-Am-Small-Anim-Pract. Philadelphia, Pa. : W.B. Saunders Company. July 1990. v. 20 (4) p. 879-896.
CN:    DNAL SF601.V523
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1990
LA:    English
IS:    ISSN: 0195-5616
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
DE:    small-animal-practice. neoplasms-. counseling-. pets-. death-. euthanasia-.
CC:    L800; L840
Record 63 of 354 - AGRICOLA 1/92-9/97
AN:    IND 92000098
UD:    9202
AU:    Howard,-H.L.; McLaughlin-Taylor,-E.; Hill,-R.L.
TI:    The effect of mouse euthanasia technique on subsequent lymphocyte proliferation and cell mediated lympholysis assays.
SO:    Lab-Anim-Sci. Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science. Sept 1990. v. 40 (5) p. 510-514.
CN:    DNAL 410.9-P94
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1990
LA:    English
CO:    LBASA
IS:    ISSN: 0023-6764
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
DE:    mice-. euthanasia-. lymphocyte-transformation. cytotoxic-t-lymphocytes. methoxyflurane-. pentobarbital-. carbon-dioxide. halothane-. dislocations-.
CC:    L800; L110
AB:    The purpose of this study was to determine the effects that specific euthanasia methods have on mitogen induced lymphocyte proliferation (LP) and the induction of alloantigen specific cytolytic T-lymphocytes (CTL). Mice were euthanatized by cervical dislocation (CD), or anesthesia with methoxyflurane or pentobarbital followed by CD (M-CD or P-CD respectively), CO2 overexposure (CO2-OD) or halothane overexposure (H-OD). Mitogenic lymphoproliferation was increased in cells derived from mice euthanatized by M-CD and P-CD. In contrast, the cytolytic profile of CTL derived from mice euthanatized by P-CD, CO2-OD and H-OD was decreased. The results of this study show that euthanasia techniques involving the use of methoxyflurane, pentobarbital, CO2 and halothane affect in vitro lymphoproliferation and CTL function. We conclude that the method of euthanasia influences certain immunologic parameters and selection of a particular technique should be given careful consideration.
Record 64 of 354 - AGRICOLA (1984 - 12/91)
AN:    IND 91043797
UD:    9112
AU:    Harris,-J.M.
TI:    Death and bereavement.
SO:    Probl-Vet-Med. Hagerstown, Md. : J.B. Lippincott Co. Mar 1991. v. 3 (1) p. 111-117.
CN:    DNAL SF601.P76
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1991
LA:    English
IS:    ISSN: 1041-0228
NT:    In the series analytic: Animal Illness and Human Emotion / edited by S.P. Cohen and C.E. Fudin.
PT:    Article
DE:    pets-. death-. euthanasia-. emotions-. counseling-. children-.
ID:    grief-.
CC:    L800; X800
Record 65 of 354 - AGRICOLA (1984 - 12/91)
AN:    IND 91043796
UD:    9112
AU:    Cohen,-S.P.; Sawyer,-D.C.
TI:    Suffering and euthanasia.
SO:    Probl-Vet-Med. Hagerstown, Md. : J.B. Lippincott Co. Mar 1991. v. 3 (1) p. 101-109.
CN:    DNAL SF601.P76
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1991
LA:    English
IS:    ISSN: 1041-0228
NT:    In the series analytic: Animal Illness and Human Emotion / edited by S.P. Cohen and C.E. Fudin.
PT:    Article
DE:    pets-. pain-. euthanasia-. decision-making. animal-behavior. communication-. counseling-. mental-health. veterinary-practice.
CC:    L800
Record 66 of 354 - AGRICOLA (1984 - 12/91)
AN:    IND 91043795
UD:    9112
AU:    Joseph,-R.
TI:    Neurologic problems.
SO:    Probl-Vet-Med. Hagerstown, Md. : J.B. Lippincott Co. Mar 1991. v. 3 (1) p. 95-99.
CN:    DNAL SF601.P76
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1991
LA:    English
IS:    ISSN: 1041-0228
NT:    In the series analytic: Animal Illness and Human Emotion / edited by S.P. Cohen and C.E. Fudin.
PT:    Article
DE:    dogs-. cats-. nervous-system-diseases. lesions-. diagnosis-. complications-. prognosis-. therapy-. pain-. communication-. anorexia-. euthanasia-. costs-.
CC:    L800
Record 67 of 354 - AGRICOLA (1984 - 12/91)
AN:    IND 91043789
UD:    9112
AU:    Butler,-C.L.; Lagoni,-L.; Dickinson,-K.L.; Withrow,-S.J.
TI:    Cancer.
SO:    Probl-Vet-Med. Hagerstown, Md. : J.B. Lippincott Co. Mar 1991. v. 3 (1) p. 21-37.
CN:    DNAL SF601.P76
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1991
LA:    English
IS:    ISSN: 1041-0228
NT:    In the series analytic: Animal Illness and Human Emotion / edited by S.P. Cohen and C.E. Fudin.
        Includes references.
PT:    Article
DE:    veterinary-practice. neoplasms-. dogs-. cats-. medical-treatment. communication-. emotions-. euthanasia-. prognosis-.
CC:    L800; L840
Record 68 of 354 - AGRICOLA (1984 - 12/91)
AN:    CAT 91959461
UD:    9111
CA:    Pig Veterinary Society.
TI:    The Casualty pig.
SO:    Cambridge : The Society, c1991. 20 p. : ill.
CN:    DNAL HV4731.C3
PA:    Foreign
PY:    1991
LA:    English
CP:    England; UK
NT:    Cover title.
PT:    Monograph
DE:    Swine-. Slaughtering-and-slaughter-houses. Euthanasia-.
CC:    L800
Record 69 of 354 - AGRICOLA (1984 - 12/91)
AN:    IND 91034204
UD:    9110
AU:    Kasten,-T.; Colliver,-J.A.; Montrey,-R.D.; Dunaway,-G.A.
TI:    The effects of various anesthetics on tissue levels of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate in rats.
SO:    Lab-Anim-Sci. Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science. July 1990. v. 40 (4) p. 399-401.
CN:    DNAL 410.9-P94
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1990
LA:    English
CO:    LBASA
IS:    ISSN: 0023-6764
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
DE:    rats-. anesthetics-. fructose-bisphosphatase-. kidneys-. brain-. heart-. muscles-. liver-. euthanasia-.
CC:    L110; L800
AB:    We report that the short-term use of various anesthetic agents prior to decapitation causes alteration of the levels of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate in kidney, brain, heart, muscle, and liver. These data indicate that even light anesthesia can not be used when levels of this metabolite are to be determined. Also, it appears that the use of any of these anesthetics can profoundly alter glucose utilization in many tissues.
Record 70 of 354 - AGRICOLA (1984 - 12/91)
AN:    IND 91028602
UD:    9108
AU:    Hansen,-N.E.; Creutzberg,-A.; Simonsen,-H.B.
TI:    Euthanasia of mink (Mustela vison) by means of carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen (N2).
SO:    Br-Vet-J. London : Bailliere Tindall. Mar/Apr 1991. v. 147 (2) p. 140-146.
CN:    DNAL 41.8-V643
PA:    Foreign
PY:    1991
LA:    English
CO:    BVJOA
IS:    ISSN: 0007-1935
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
DE:    mink-. euthanasia-. carbon-dioxide. carbon-monoxide. nitrogen-. time-. consciousness-. behavior-patterns.
CC:    L800
AB:    The time periods and the behavioural pattern of mink euthanized with carbon dioxide (CO2), 100% and 70%, carbon monoxide (CO), 4%, and nitrogen (N2), 100%, are described. The time between the placement of the animal in a glass box and the first symptoms of incoordination (phase I), the period to loss of consciousness (phase II), and, finally, the coma phase until cessation of respiration (phase III) using three groups each of 10 pastel male mink each were recorded. Phase I times ranged from 14 s for CO2, 31 s for N2, and 49 s for CO. In phase II, the difference was even more pronounced, being 5 s for CO2, 15 s for CO, and 45 s for N2. In phase III, the time was 58 s for N2, 134 s and 151 s for CO2 and CO respectively. Hence, the critical period from the time when the animals were placed in the glass box till unconsciousness occurred (phase I and II) was 19 s for CO2, 64 s for CO, and 76 s for N2. The total course of euthanasia was 153 s for CO2, 215 s for CO, and 134 s for N2. The following minimum times will be required before it can be judged to be safe to remove the animals: CO2 and N2: 5 min, and for CO: 6.5 min. In a supplementary experiment, involving a mixture of 70% CO2 and 30% atmospheric air, it was not possible within the allotted time to kill adult male mink. Convulsions, in phase III only, occurred to a varying degree in all the animals euthanized with CO, and N2, and in 6 out of the 10 animals killed with CO.
Record 71 of 354 - AGRICOLA (1984 - 12/91)
AN:    IND 91022443
UD:    9108
AU:    Martinic,-G.
TI:    The animal technicians' role in the euthanasia of laboratory animals.
SO:    Anim-Tech-J-Inst-Anim-Tech. [Sussex] : The Institute. Aug 1990. v. 41 (2) p. 145-150.
CN:    DNAL QL55.I5
PA:    Foreign
PY:    1990
LA:    English
IS:    ISSN: 0264-4754
PT:    Article
DE:    laboratory-animals. euthanasia-. technicians-. role-perception. laboratory-methods. questionnaires-.
CC:    L110; L800
Record 72 of 354 - AGRICOLA (1984 - 12/91)
AN:    CAT 91957279
UD:    9108
AU:    Kastello,-Michael-D.
CA:    American College of Toxicology. Meeting (11th : 1990 : Orlando, Fla.).
        Production Plus, Inc.
        Symposium: Animal Welfare Compliance for Study Directors (1990 : Orlando, Fla.).
TI:    Recognition and alleviation of pain and distress.
SO:    Closter, N.J. : Production Plus, Inc., [1990?] 1 videocassette (22 min., 30 sec.) : sd., col.
CN:    DNAL Videocassette-no.968
PA:    Other-US
IL:    Specialized
PY:    1990
LA:    English
CP:    New-Jersey; USA
NT:    VHS.
        Videotape of a presentation at Symposium: Animal Welfare Compliance for Study Directors; presented at the Eleventh Annual Meeting of the American College of Toxicology, Orlando, Fla., Oct. 1990.
PT:    Audiovisual; Projected-Medium; Videorecording
DE:    Animal-welfare-Congresses. Euthanasia-Congresses. Analgesics-Congresses.
CC:    L110
AB:    Relevant definitions and mechanisms for determining and alleviating pain are discussed. The responsibilities and interaction of the study director, attending veterinarian and the animal care and use committee are outlined. Methods to determine the appropriate endpoint of studies are proposed.
Record 73 of 354 - AGRICOLA (1984 - 12/91)
AN:    IND 91018042
UD:    9106
AU:    Butler,-M.M.; Griffey,-S.M.; Clubb,-F.J.-Jr.; Gerrity,-L.W.; Campbell,-W.B.
TI:    The effect of euthanasia technique on vascular arachidonic acid metabolism and vascular and intestinal smooth muscle contractility.
SO:    Lab-Anim-Sci. Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science. May 1990. v. 40 (3) p. 277-283.
CN:    DNAL 410.9-P94
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1990
LA:    English
CO:    LBASA
IS:    ISSN: 0023-6764
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
DE:    rabbits-. rats-. euthanasia-. arachidonic-acid. fat-metabolism. smooth-muscle. muscle-contraction. aorta-. colon-.
CC:    L800; L110; L600
AB:    This study was designed to determine the effects that specific euthanasia methods have on vascular arachidonic acid metabolism and vascular and intestinal smooth muscle contractility. Rats were euthanatized by decapitation (DC), pentobarbital overdose (PB), or anesthesia with CO2, methoxyflurane or ether followed by DC (CO2-DC, Met-DC, Ether-DC, respectively). Rabbits were killed by a similar protocol, but CO2 overexposure replaced Ether-DC. The rat and rabbit aortas produced mainly 6-keto PGF1 alpha, the prostacyclin metabolite, and lesser amounts of PGE2. No qualitative differences were seen in arachidonate metabolites. However, aortic tissue from rabbits and rats killed by Met-DC produced more prostacyclin. In contrast, aorta from rabbits euthanatized by CO2-DC produced less prostacyclin than controls, whereas aorta from rats killed in the same way yielded greater amounts of prostacyclin. Aortic tissue from rabbits killed by Met-DC and CO2-OD was less responsive to acetylcholine (ACH). Intestinal contractility to ACH was increased in rabbits when Met-DC was used as the method of euthanasia, while colon from rats sacrificed by Met-DC showed decreased responsiveness to ACH. Colon from rats killed by intraperitoneal PB exhibited altered contractility to ACH and norepinephrine. The results of this study show that methoxyflurane, carbon dioxide (rabbit) and pentobarbital (rat) alter the vascular synthesis of prostacyclin and smooth muscle contractility. We conclude that the method of euthanasia affects certain physiologic parameters and careful consideration should be given to the selection of a particular euthanasia technique.
Record 74 of 354 - AGRICOLA (1984 - 12/91)
AN:    IND 91017937
UD:    9105
AU:    Arluke,-A.
TI:    Coping with euthanasia: A case study of shelter culture.
SO:    J-Am-Vet-Med-Assoc. Schaumburg, Ill. : The Association. April 1, 1991. v. 198 (7) p. 1176-1180.
CN:    DNAL 41.8-AM3
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1991
LA:    English
CO:    JAVMA
IS:    ISSN: 0003-1488
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
DE:    dogs-. cats-. shelter-. euthanasia-. personnel-. stress-.
CC:    L800; X380
Record 75 of 354 - AGRICOLA (1984 - 12/91)
AN:    IND 91000559
UD:    9102
AU:    Grier,-R.L.; Schaffer,-C.B.
TI:    Evaluation of intraperitoneal and intrahepatic administration of a euthanasia agent in animal shelter cats.
SO:    J-Am-Vet-Med-Assoc. Schaumburg, Ill. : The Association. Dec 15, 1990. v. 197 (12) p. 1611-1615. ill.
CN:    DNAL 41.8-AM3
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1990
LA:    English
CO:    JAVMA
IS:    ISSN: 0003-1488
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
DE:    cats-. euthanasia-. intraperitoneal-injection. injection-. liver-. shelters-. pentobarbital-. lidocaine-. responses-.
CC:    L800
Record 76 of 354 - AGRICOLA (1984 - 12/91)
AN:    IND 90061541
UD:    9101
AU:    Smith,-C.P.; Larson,-J.
TI:    Animal euthanasia.
SO:    Spec-Ref-Briefs-Natl-Agric-Libr-U-S. Beltsville, Md. : The Library. Nov 1990. (91-02) 31 p.
CN:    DNAL aS21.D27S64
PA:    USDA
PY:    1990
LA:    English
NT:    Updates SRB 88-12.
        Bibliography.
PT:    Article
DE:    animals-. euthanasia-. pain-.
CC:    L800
Record 77 of 354 - AGRICOLA (1984 - 12/91)
AN:    IND 90058609
UD:    9101
AU:    Hart,-L.A.; Hart,-B.L.; Mader,-B.
TI:    Humane euthanasia and companion animal death: Caring for the animal, the client, and the veterinarian.
SO:    J-Am-Vet-Med-Assoc. Schaumburg, Ill. : The Association. Nov 15, 1990. v. 197 (10) p. 1292-1299.
CN:    DNAL 41.8-AM3
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1990
LA:    English
CO:    JAVMA
IS:    ISSN: 0003-1488
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
DE:    pets-. euthanasia-. death-. pet-care. veterinarians-. customer-relations. ethics-.
CC:    L800
Record 78 of 354 - AGRICOLA (1984 - 12/91)
AN:    IND 90042218
UD:    9010
AU:    Bennett,-B.T.
TI:    Euthanasia.
SO:     Essentials for animal research : a primer for research personnel / by B.T. Bennett, M.J. Brown and J.C. Schofield. Beltsville, Md. : USDA, National Agricultural Library, [1990]. p. 89-100.
CN:    DNAL aQL55.B36
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1990
LA:    English
NT:    Includes references.
PT:    Article
DE:    laboratory-animals. domestic-animals. euthanasia-. animal-welfare. regulations-.
CC:    L800; L110; D500
Record 79 of 354 - AGRICOLA (1984 - 12/91)
AN:    IND 90035300
UD:    9009
AU:    Buelke,-D.L.
TI:    There's no good way to euthanatize a horse.
SO:    J-Am-Vet-Med-Assoc. Schaumburg, Ill. : The Association. June 15, 1990. v. 196 (12) p. 1942-1944.
CN:    DNAL 41.8-AM3
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1990
LA:    English
CO:    JAVMA
IS:    ISSN: 0003-1488
PT:    Article
DE:    horses-. euthanasia-.
CC:    L800
Record 80 of 354 - AGRICOLA (1984 - 12/91)
AN:    IND 90028565
UD:    9007
AU:    Simpson,-M.
TI:    Poultry: once a symbol of life, now a life of misery.
SO:    Mainstream-Anim-Prot-Inst-Am. Sacramento, Calif. : The Institute. Winter 1990. v. 21 (1) p. 20-23. ill.
CN:    DNAL HV4701.M3
PA:    Other-US
PY:    1990
LA:    English
IS:    ISSN: 0891-088X
PT:    Article
DE:    poultry-. animal-welfare. battery-cages. euthanasia-. hatcheries-. overfeeding-. slaughter-. transport-.
CC:    L800
Record 81 of 354 - BA on CD 7/97-9/97
TI:    The modern drive for euthanasia and the anniversary of the doctors' trial at Nuremberg.
AU:    Munzarova-M
SO:    Scripta Medica (Brno) 69(7): 367-373
PY:    1996
IS:    0036-9721
LA:    English
LS:    English Czech
AB:    The term euthanasia is used in agreement with the Dutch model and its main principles (euthanasia is an act, euthanasia is defined as voluntary, euthanasia is defined as intentionally taking the life) are discussed. It is demonstrated that the slippery slope in the Netherlands is reality and it is pointed out that it will be extremely urgent to prepare restrains and prohibitions against such activities in other countries: they should be safety rails surrounding the abyss.
DE:    JOURNAL ARTICLE; HUMAN; PATIENT; EUTHANASIA; INTENTIONAL TAKING OF LIFE; DUTCH MODEL; VOLUNTARY CONSENT; INTOLERABLE SUFFERING; PHILOSOPHY AND ETHICS; DOCTORS' TRIAL AT NUREMBERG; MEDICAL ETHICS; NETHERLANDS; EUROPE
CC:    CC00502 (General-Biology-Philosophy)
Record 82 of 354 - BA on CD 7/97-9/97
TI:    Options for humanely immobilizing and killing crabs.
AU:    Gardner-C
SO:    Journal of Shellfish Research 16(1): 219-224
PY:    1997
IS:    0730-8000
LA:    English
AB:    Trials were conducted on the Australian giant crab Pseudocarcinus gigas (Lamarck) to evaluate methods to: paralyze by injection (so that no muscular response is observed); paralyze by bath; humanely kill for scientific purposes; and humanely kill for human consumption. Treatments tested were: freshwater bath, chilling, heating, prolonged exposure to air, hypercapnic seawater bath (carbon dioxide addition), 2-phenoxy ethanol bath, magnesium sulfate bath, benzocaine bath, MS 222 bath, chloroform bath, clove oil bath, AQUI-S bath, xylazine-HCl by injection, and ketamine-HCl by injection. Xylazine-HCl (16 or 22 mg/kg) and ketamine-HCl (0.025-0.1 mg/kg), administered by injection, appear to be the best techniques for paralyzing crabs for short periods. Where injection is impractical, crabs may be successfully paralyzed within 30 min by a bath treatment of clove oil ( gtoreq 0.125 mL/L) or AQUI-S ( gtoreq 0.5mL/L). Chloroform (1.25 mL/L; 1.5 h) and clove oil (-O. 125 mL/L; ltoreq 60 min) baths appeared to kill crabs humanely and are useful options for scientific use; however, clove oil is preferred because chloroform poses a human health risk. Of the methods tested, only clove oil and AQUI-S appear promising as treatments for the humane killing of crabs for human consumption.
DE:    RESEARCH ARTICLE; PSEUDOCARCINUS GIGAS; AUSTRALIAN GIANT CRAB; FISHERY SPECIES; AQUACULTURE; IMMOBILIZATION; KILLING; METHODOLOGY; FRESHWATER BATH; CHILLING; HEATING; PROLONGED AIR EXPOSURE; HYPERCAPNIC SEAWATER BATH; 2-PHENOXY ETHANOL BATH; MAGNESIUM SULFATE BATH; BENZOCAINE BATH; MS 222 BATH; CHLOROFORM BATH; CLOVE OIL BATH; AQUI-S BATH; XYLAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE INJECTION; KETAMINE-HYDROCHLORIDE INJECTION; EUTHANASIA; HUMANE; KILLING METHOD
CC:    CC00512 (General-Biology-Conservation-Resource-Management);
          CC01004 (Methods-Materials-and-Apparatus-General-Laboratory-Methods);
          CC07516 (Ecology-Environmental-Biology-Wildlife-Management-Aquatic);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC64054 (Invertebrata-Comparative-and-Experimental-Morphology-Physiology-and-Pathology-Arthropoda-Crustacea)
Record 83 of 354 - BA on CD 7/97-9/97
TI:    Euthanasia and the potential adverse effect for Northern Territory Aborigines.
AU:    Collins-J-J; Brennan-F-T
SO:    Lancet (North American Edition) 349(9069): 1907-1908
PY:    1997
IS:    0099-5355
LA:    English
DE:    JOURNAL ARTICLE; HUMAN; ABORIGINE; PATIENT; SOCIOLOGY; PHILOSOPHY AND ETHICS; THE RIGHTS OF THE TERMINALLY ILL ACT; EUTHANASIA; LEGISLATION; GOVERNMENT AND LAW; PALLIATIVE CARE; ADVERSE EFFECTS; THERAPEUTIC METHOD; NORTHERN TERRITORY; AUSTRALIA; AUSTRALASIAN REGION
CC:    CC00502 (General-Biology-Philosophy);
          CC00508 (General-Biology-Institutions-Administration-and-Legislation);
          CC05000 (Physical-Anthropology-Ethnobiology);
          CC05500 (Social-Biology-Human-Ecology);
          CC07004 (Behavioral-Biology-Human-Behavior);
          CC37001 (Public-Health-General-and-Miscellaneous)
Record 84 of 354 - BA on CD 7/97-9/97
TI:    Traumatic head injury in ruminant livestock.
AU:    Finnie-J-W
SO:    Australian Veterinary Journal 75(3): 204-208
PY:    1997
IS:    0005-0423
LA:    English
DE:    JOURNAL ARTICLE; RUMINANT LIVESTOCK; SHEEP; CATTLE; TRAUMATIC HEAD INJURY; NEUROTRAUMA; PROJECTILE KINETIC ENERGY; PISTOL; HUMANE EUTHANASIA; VETERINARY MEDICINE; METHODOLOGY; NERVOUS SYSTEM; NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASE; SLAUGHTER TOOL
CC:    CC10612 (External-Effects-Physical-and-Mechanical-Effects);
          CC20501 (Nervous-System-General-Methods);
          CC20506 (Nervous-System-Pathology);
          CC38002 (Veterinary-Science-General-Methods)
Record 85 of 354 - BA on CD 7/97-9/97
TI:    Puppy socialization classes.
AU:    Seksel-K
SO:    Veterinary Clinics of North America Small Animal Practice 27(3): 465-477
PY:    1997
IS:    0195-5616
LA:    English
DE:    LITERATURE REVIEW; DOG; PUPPY; BEHAVIOR; SOCIALIZATION CLASSES; ANIMAL SHELTERS; EUTHANASIA; BEHAVIOR PROBLEMS; VETERINARY MEDICINE
CC:    CC07003 (Behavioral-Biology-Animal-Behavior);
          CC38002 (Veterinary-Science-General-Methods)
Record 86 of 354 - BA on CD 7/97-9/97
TI:    Advance directive: A study on the knowledge and attitudes among general practitioners in Singapore.
AU:    Tee-K-H; Seet-L-T; Tan-W-C; Choo-H-W
SO:    SMJ 38(4): 145-148
PY:    1997
LA:    English
AB:    Recent calls for the Advance Directive (AD) to be implemented in Singapore have raised issues regarding the dearth of knowledge and attitude among local healthcare professionals. The present study aims to find out the attitudes and to assess the extent of knowledge regarding the AD among General Practitioners (GPs) in Singapore. This was a cross-sectional, descriptive survey with a sample size of 199 doctors randomly drawn from the Singapore Medical Council list, forming a sampling fraction of 16%. The response rate obtained was 78%. The results showed that while GPs generally supported the concept of the AD, their views were divided on the issue of legislation. They had a basic knowledge of the AD, such as the definition of the AD, that it could be revoked, and the continuity of care and pain relief even after withdrawal of life-sustaining measures. However, only half knew when it should be executed. Many GPs were concerned that the legislation of the AD would lead to the acceptance of euthanasia. They believed that they were in the best position to decide on the treatment of choice for their patients, although they would respect their patients' wishes.
DE:    RESEARCH ARTICLE; HUMAN; GENERAL PRACTITIONERS; LEGISLATION; EUTHANASIA; LIFE SUSTAINING MEASURES; ADVANCE MEDICAL DIRECTIVE; PHILOSOPHY AND ETHICS; PUBLIC HEALTH; SINGAPORE; ORIENTAL REGION
CC:    CC00502 (General-Biology-Philosophy);
          CC00508 (General-Biology-Institutions-Administration-and-Legislation);
          CC37010 (Public-Health-Public-Health-Administration-and-Statistics);
          CC37012 (Public-Health-Health-Services-and-Medical-Care)
Record 87 of 354 - BA on CD 7/97-9/97
TI:    Living, dying, death and advance directives.
AU:    Lee-K-O; Quah-T-C
SO:    SMJ 38(4): 141-142
PY:    1997
LA:    English
DE:    EDITORIAL; HUMAN; CLINICAL JUDGMENT; EUTHANASIA; ETHICS; LEGISLATION; PUBLIC HEALTH; PHILOSOPHY AND ETHICS
CC:    CC00502 (General-Biology-Philosophy);
          CC00508 (General-Biology-Institutions-Administration-and-Legislation);
          CC37010 (Public-Health-Public-Health-Administration-and-Statistics);
          CC37012 (Public-Health-Health-Services-and-Medical-Care)
Record 88 of 354 - BA on CD 1/97-6/97
TI:    Euthanasia: An unbiased decision?
AU:    Glick-S-M
SO:    American Journal of Medicine 102(3): 294-296
PY:    1997
IS:    0002-9343
LA:    English
DE:    JOURNAL ARTICLE; HUMAN; EUTHANASIA; BIAS IN CARE OF TERMINALLY ILL; MANAGED CARE AND TERMINALLY ILL; AUTONOMY; HUMAN MEDICINE; PHILOSOPHY AND ETHICS
CC:    CC00502 (General-Biology-Philosophy);
          CC12502 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-General);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC37012 (Public-Health-Health-Services-and-Medical-Care)
Record 89 of 354 - BA on CD 1/97-6/97
TI:    Systemic cryptococcosis in a dog: Case report.
AU:    Hofmann-S; Heider-H-J; Hinrichs-U; Bruegmann-M; Meyer-Lindenberg-A
SO:    Tieraerztliche Umschau 52(2): 100-106
PY:    1997
IS:    0049-3864
LA:    German
LS:    German English
AB:    A nineteen month old male Hovawart dog was referred to the clinic with a history of apathy and cryptococcosis was suspected. Clinical, radiographic and ultrasound examinations revealed lesions in various locations of the skeletal system. The oral and nasal cavity in addition to retrobulbar and intraocular lesions. Cryptococcus neoformans was detected microbially and histologically. Euthanasia was performed because of the poor prognosis. Post mortem, further lesions were evident in the central nervous system, the spleen, the lung and different lymph nodes.
DE:    CASE STUDY; CRYPTOCOCCUS NEOFORMANS; DOG; PATHOGEN; HOST; VETERINARY MEDICINE; INFECTION; CRYPTOCOCCOSIS; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; SPLEEN; LUNG; LYMPH NODES; SKELETAL SYSTEM; ORAL CAVITY; NASAL CAVITY; EUTHANASIA; FUNGAL DISEASE; PROGNOSIS; NERVOUS SYSTEM; BLOOD AND LYMPHATICS; IMMUNE SYSTEM; RESPIRATORY SYSTEM; SKELETAL SYSTEM; DENTAL AND ORAL SYSTEM
CC:    CC15001 (Blood-Blood-Forming-Organs-and-Body-Fluids-General-Methods);
          CC16001 (Respiratory-System-General-Methods);
          CC19001 (Dental-and-Oral-Biology-General-Methods);
          CC20501 (Nervous-System-General-Methods);
          CC36001 (Medical-and-Clinical-Microbiology-General-Methods-and-Techniques);
          CC38002 (Veterinary-Science-General-Methods)
Record 90 of 354 - BA on CD 1/97-6/97
TI:    The medical holocaust: Euthanasia in Germany, around 1935-45.
AU:    Wifstad-A
SO:    Tidsskrift for den Norske Laegeforening 117(8): 1131-1135
PY:    1997
IS:    0029-2001
LA:    Norwegian
LS:    Norwegian English
AB:    The method used in the industrialised mass murder of Jews was developed and tested within German psychiatry, where as many as 200,000 people were murdered under the "Euthanasia Programme". The doctors' professional enthusiasm for this programme, their distanced contemplation of "life unworthy of life", can be understood as the establishment and legitimisation of certain rules of speech, which caused them to "forget" that they were dealing with people. Thus, German medicine was an important supplier of premises for the Nazi's extermination policy.
DE:    HISTORICAL ARTICLE; HUMAN; JEWISH; DOCTOR; MEDICAL HOLOCAUST; EUTHANASIA PROGRAM; NAZI'S EXTERMINATION POLICY; GERMAN PSYCHIATRY; HISTORY; GERMANY; EUROPE
CC:    CC00522 (General-Biology-History-and-Archaeology);
          CC05500 (Social-Biology-Human-Ecology);
          CC07004 (Behavioral-Biology-Human-Behavior);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC21001 (Psychiatry-General-Medical-Psychology-and-Sociology)
Record 91 of 354 - BA on CD 1/97-6/97
TI:    Attitudes toward euthanasia.
AU:    Gilman-P-A; Merrill-L-L; Reid-J-L
SO:    Perceptual and Motor Skills 84(1): 317-318
PY:    1997
IS:    0031-5125
LA:    English
AB:    A 72-item questionnaire regarding attitudes toward euthanasia was administered to 240 residents of Humboldt County, California, who ranged from 18 to 86 years of age. The relationships between their attitudes and their demographic characteristics including age, religion, and education were examined.
DE:    NOTE; RESEARCH ARTICLE; HUMAN; BEHAVIOR; PHILOSOPHY AND ETHICS; EUTHANASIA; DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS; ATTITUDES; EDUCATION; AGE; RELIGION; HUMBOLDT COUNTY; CALIFORNIA; USA
CC:    CC00502 (General-Biology-Philosophy);
          CC07004 (Behavioral-Biology-Human-Behavior);
          CC21001 (Psychiatry-General-Medical-Psychology-and-Sociology);
          CC37010 (Public-Health-Public-Health-Administration-and-Statistics)
Record 92 of 354 - BA on CD 1/97-6/97
TI:    End-of-life decision-making: Community and medical practitioners' perspectives.
AU:    Steinberg-M-A; Najman-J; Cartwright-C-M; MacDonald-S-M; Williams-G-M
SO:    Medical Journal of Australia 166(3): 131-135
PY:    1997
IS:    0025-729X
LA:    English
AB:    Objective: To examine current attitudes and knowledge of the community and medical practitioners in Queensland to end-of-life decisions. Design: Cross-sectional survey by postal questionnaire. Participants: 387 general practitioners and medical specialists and 910 community members from the Queensland electoral roll. Main outcome measures: Responses to five questions about end-of-life decision-making, and to legislative changes relating to such decisions. Results: The overall response rate for medical practitioners was 67% and for community members was 53%. 78% of community members (age adjusted) and 54% of doctors thought that a doctor should comply with a patient's request to turn off a life-support system; 68% of doctors thought people would still ask to have their life ended even if pain were controlled, compared with 54% of community members; 70% of community members thought the law should be changed to allow active voluntary euthanasia, compared with 33% of doctors; and 65% of community members thought that a doctor should be allowed by law to assist a terminally ill person to die, but only 36% of doctors agreed. 79% of doctors and 75% of community members agreed that people would still ask for assistance to end their lives even if optimal palliative care were freely available. Conclusion: Community members supported greater choice and control over end-of-life decisions, while doctors were less supportive of some of the options canvassed. In a climate of community participation in health care decisions, it is important to better understand the basis and meaning of these different views. Further detailed research is recommended.
DE:    RESEARCH ARTICLE; HUMAN; COMMUNITY MEMBER; GENERAL PRACTITIONER; MEDICAL SPECIALIST; VOLUNTARY EUTHANASIA; PHILOSOPHY AND ETHICS; SOCIOLOGY; LIFE-SUPPORT
CC:    CC00502 (General-Biology-Philosophy);
          CC05500 (Social-Biology-Human-Ecology);
          CC07004 (Behavioral-Biology-Human-Behavior);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC37010 (Public-Health-Public-Health-Administration-and-Statistics);
          CC37012 (Public-Health-Health-Services-and-Medical-Care)
Record 93 of 354 - BA on CD 1/97-6/97
TI:    Attitude of Swiss Army conscripts to pain and euthanasia (1992 and 1995).
AU:    Malacrida-R; Loew-F; Badia-F; Degrazia-M; Bernasconi-E; Moccetti-T; Rapin-C-H
SO:    Schweizerische Medizinische Wochenschrift 126(49): 2149-2151
PY:    1996
IS:    0036-7672
LA:    French
LS:    French English
AB:    Nineteen-year-old Swiss Army conscripts were questioned in 1992 (n = 1361) and 1995 (n = 1050) about their opinions regarding pain and euthanasia. In 1995, 85% (1992: 71%) considered pain as a fundamental part of life, 73% (1992: 77%) thought that the patient himself should decide how to control pain, and 50% (1992: 51%) would accept the idea of euthanasia at the request of a family member with an incurable disease and in pain. Significant differences were found only in correlation to the degree of religious belief.
DE:    RESEARCH ARTICLE; HUMAN; SWISS; ARMY CONSCRIPT; PAIN; EUTHANASIA; ATTITUDE; PUBLIC HEALTH; RELIGIOUS BELIEF; SWITZERLAND; EUROPE
CC:    CC00502 (General-Biology-Philosophy);
          CC05000 (Physical-Anthropology-Ethnobiology);
          CC05500 (Social-Biology-Human-Ecology);
          CC07004 (Behavioral-Biology-Human-Behavior);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC20501 (Nervous-System-General-Methods);
          CC21001 (Psychiatry-General-Medical-Psychology-and-Sociology);
          CC37001 (Public-Health-General-and-Miscellaneous)
Record 94 of 354 - BA on CD 1/97-6/97
TI:    Recommendation for euthanasia of experimental animals: Part 2.
AU:    Close-B; Banister-K; Baumans-V; Bernoth-E-M; Bromage-N; Bunyan-J; Erhardt-W; Flecknell-P; Gregory-N; Hackbarth-H; Morton-D; Warwick-C
SO:    Laboratory Animals (London) 31(1): 1-32
PY:    1997
IS:    0023-6772
LA:    English
DE:    STANDARD; FISH; AMPHIBIAN; REPTILE; BIRD; RODENT; RABBIT; CARNIVORE; LARGE MAMMAL; NON-HUMAN PRIMATE; ANIMAL CARE; LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE; EUTHANASIA; MISCELLANEOUS METHOD
CC:    CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC28002 (Laboratory-Animals-General)
Record 95 of 354 - BA on CD 1/97-6/97
TI:    Pediatric euthanasia.
AU:    Oguz-N-Y
SO:    Cocuk Sagligi ve Hastaliklari Dergisi 39(4): 767-776
PY:    1996
IS:    0010-0161
LA:    Turkish
LS:    Turkish English
AB:    Euthanasia is a concept that has been discussed only recently in Turkey. The main focus of this article is the ethical issues raised by euthanasia practice in a specific group. As there are many misunderstandings regarding this subject euthanasia will be discussed in general. One of the main aims of the article is to clarity the crucial differences which affect the ethical evaluation of pediatric euthanasia, by emphasizing the conceptual difference between adult and pediatric euthanasia.
DE:    JOURNAL ARTICLE; HUMAN; CHILD; PEDIATRICS; EUTHANASIA; PHILOSOPHY AND ETHICS
CC:    CC00502 (General-Biology-Philosophy);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC25000 (Pediatrics)
Record 96 of 354 - BA on CD 1/97-6/97
TI:    Death and dying in Japan.
AU:    Kimura-R
SO:    Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 6(4): 374-378
PY:    1996
IS:    1054-6863
LA:    English
DE:    JOURNAL ARTICLE; HUMAN; PHILOSOPHY AND ETHICS; SOCIOLOGY; BIOETHICS; DEATH; EUTHANASIA; DYING; ADVANCE DIRECTIVE; PALLIATIVE CARE; TERMINAL CARE CHALLENGE; NATURAL PROCESS; FAMILY UNIT; JAPAN; PALEARCTIC REGION
CC:    CC00502 (General-Biology-Philosophy);
          CC05500 (Social-Biology-Human-Ecology);
          CC07004 (Behavioral-Biology-Human-Behavior);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC21001 (Psychiatry-General-Medical-Psychology-and-Sociology)
Record 97 of 354 - BA on CD 1/97-6/97
TI:    Recommendations for euthanasia of experimental animals: Part 1.
AU:    Close-B; Banister-K; Baumans-V; Bernoth-E-M; Bromage-N; Bunyan-J; Erhardt-W; Flecknell-P; Hackbarth-N-G-H; Morton-D; Warwick-C
SO:    Laboratory Animals (London) 30(4): 293-316
PY:    1996
IS:    0023-6772
LA:    English
AB:    This document was prepared for DGXI of the European Commission to be used with Directive 86/609/EEC of 24 November 1986, on the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States regarding the protection of animals used for experimental and other scientific purposes (No L 358, ISSN 0378-6978). It refers especially to Article 2(1) published by the European Commission in October 1995 which defines 'humane method of killing' as 'the killing of an animal with a minimum of physical and mental suffering, depending on the species'.
DE:    STANDARD; ANIMAL; LABORATORY; EUTHANASIA; ANIMAL CARE; ETHICS; ACCEPTABLE METHODS; UNACCEPTABLE METHODS
CC:    CC00502 (General-Biology-Philosophy);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC28002 (Laboratory-Animals-General)
Record 98 of 354 - BA on CD 7/96-12/96
TI:    Clinical challenge.
AU:    Fitzgerald-S-D; Bennett-R
SO:    Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 27(3): 428-431
PY:    1996
IS:    1042-7260
LA:    English
DE:    CASE STUDY; SELENARCTOS THIBETANUS; VETERINARY MEDICINE; VITAMIN B SUPPLEMENTATION; LIVER DISEASE; EUTHANASIA; THERAPEUTIC METHOD; DIGESTIVE SYSTEM DISEASE
CC:    CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC12512 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Therapy);
          CC13210 (Nutrition-Water-Soluble-Vitamins);
          CC13534 (Food-Technology-Synthetic-Supplemental-and-Enrichment-Foods);
          CC14006 (Digestive-System-Pathology);
          CC38004 (Veterinary-Science-Pathology)
Record 99 of 354 - BA on CD 7/96-12/96
TI:    Non-invasive and quantitative evaluation of post-injection muscle damage by pharmacokinetic analysis of creatine kinase release.
AU:    Lefebvre-H-P; Laroute-V; Braun-J-P; Lassourd-V; Toutain-P-L
SO:    Veterinary Research (Paris) 27(4-5): 343-361
PY:    1996
IS:    0928-4249
LA:    English
LS:    English French
AB:    Intramuscular administration of veterinary drugs can induce severe muscle damage resulting in economic losses and residue persistence. Local tolerance is usually evaluated by macroscopic examination of the injection site requiring euthanasia of a large number of animals. A noninvasive quantitative method, based on the pharmacokinetic analysis of creatine kinase (CK) release from muscle, is proposed for the evaluation of post-injection muscle damage. Plasma CK activity is a specific and sensitive marker of skeletal muscle damage. Three disposition parameters are needed to measure the actual amount of CK released by the injured muscle: plasma CK clearance, bioavailability of CK from muscle and area under the plasma CK activity vs time curve. A CK solution from a homologous muscle extract was administered in different animal species by intravenous route and by intramuscular route for the determination of the CK disposition parameters. The general equation for the determination of the destroyed muscle equivalent (Q), following the drug intramuscular injection, is: q = Cl times AUC/F times M, with Cl, the plasma CK clearance; AUC, the area under the plasma CK vs time curve after drug administration; F, the CK bioavailability from muscle; and M, the CK content in the injected muscle. Population equations are proposed for dogs, sheep, horses and cattle and their use is illustrated. Rabbits and pigs seem inappropriate species for the pharmacokinetic approach because of stress-induced spontaneous increases in plasma CK. In cattle, for example, Q (g.kg-1 body weight) = 4.4 times 10-6 AUC (U.h.L-1) and the estimated equivalent of muscle destroyed after a single IM injection of a chloramphenicol formulation was about 300 g. This screening approach is simple, ethical, rapid and inexpensive.
DE:    LITERATURE REVIEW; DOG; SHEEP; CATTLE; HORSE; PIG; RABBIT; VETERINARY MEDICINE; ANIMAL WELFARE; POST-INJECTION MUSCLE DAMAGE; PHARMACOKINETICS; CREATININE KINASE; CHLORAMPHENICOL; PHARMACOLOGICAL TOOL; DESTROYED MUSCLE EQUIVALENT; EUTHANASIA; LOCAL TOLERANCE; INJURY; BIOAVAILABILITY; AREA UNDER THE PLASMA GROW; MISCELLANEOUS METHOD
CC:    CC10612 (External-Effects-Physical-and-Mechanical-Effects);
          CC10808 (Enzymes-Physiological-Studies);
          CC17501 (Muscle-General-Methods);
          CC17506 (Muscle-Pathology);
          CC22003 (Pharmacology-Drug-Metabolism-Metabolic-Stimulators);
          CC38004 (Veterinary-Science-Pathology)
Record 100 of 354 - BA on CD 7/96-12/96
TI:    Law for active euthanasia established in Australia: The world's first euthanasia law has come into force.
AU:    Hafting-M
SO:    Tidsskrift for den Norske Laegeforening 116(19): 2344
PY:    1996
IS:    0029-2001
LA:    Norwegian
DE:    NOTE; HUMAN; TERMINAL DISEASE; MENTAL COMPETENCY; LEGISLATION; NORTHERN
CC:    CC00508 (General-Biology-Institutions-Administration-and-Legislation);
          CC12502 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-General);
          CC21001 (Psychiatry-General-Medical-Psychology-and-Sociology);
          CC37056 (Public-Health:-Epidemiology-Miscellaneous)
Record 101 of 354 - BA on CD 7/96-12/96
TI:    A review of the veterinarian's role in the handling of down/disabled cattle.
AU:    Stark-D-A
SO:    Bovine Practitioner 0(29): 125-127
PY:    1995
IS:    0524-1685
LA:    English
DE:    JOURNAL ARTICLE; COW; DOWN; DISABLED; ANIMAL WELFARE; EUTHANASIA; SLAUGHTER; VETERINARY MEDICINE
CC:    CC00502 (General-Biology-Philosophy);
          CC38002 (Veterinary-Science-General-Methods);
          CC38004 (Veterinary-Science-Pathology)
Record 102 of 354 - BA on CD 7/96-12/96
TI:    Routine feline practice.
AU:    Gagnon-A-C
SO:    Recueil de Medecine Veterinaire de l'Ecole d'Alfort 172(3-4): 135-148
PY:    1996
IS:    0034-1843
LA:    French
LS:    French English Spanish
AB:    Feline practice is a growing field for all veterinarians. Some aspects of the psychology of cat owners and cat behaviors are reviewed in order to help the practitioner to a better understanding of the feline practice. Special emphasis are made on environmental aspects of the waiting room, hospital, and on behaviors of the veterinary team towards feline patient and its owner, dealing with hospitalization, surgery or euthanasia of their cats.
DE:    CONTINUING EDUCATION; CAT; BEHAVIOR; HOSPITALIZATION; SURGERY; EUTHANASIA; ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS; VETERINARY MEDICINE; ROUTINE FELINE PRACTICE; CAT OWNER PSYCHOLOGY
CC:    CC07003 (Behavioral-Biology-Animal-Behavior);
          CC07508 (Ecology-Environmental-Biology-Animal);
          CC38002 (Veterinary-Science-General-Methods)
CC:    CC12512 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Therapy)
Record 103 of 354 - BA on CD 7/96-12/96
TI:    Legacy of German psychiatric genetics: Hindsight is always 20/20.
AU:    Gottesman-I-I; Bertelsen-A
SO:    American Journal of Medical Genetics 67(4): 317-322
PY:    1996
IS:    0148-7299
LA:    English
AB:    The history of psychiatric genetics is informed by this paper, which serves to review the legacy of German psychiatric genetics and its antecedents during the twentieth century. It also serves as an introduction to two new annotated abstracts of basic research papers on family studies of schizophrenia by Ernst Rudin in 1916 and by Bruno Schulz in 1932, submitted by Kenneth Kendler and Edith Zerbin-Rudin, together with another paper by them describing the origin and activities of Rudin's Munich School of Psychiatric Genetics (1917-1945). Our paper also introduces an invited critical summary of the work of Ernst Rudin by his biographer Matthias M. Weber, a medical historian working in the Historical Archives of the Clinical Institute of the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry in Munich. We raise a number of bioethical questions in the context of the uses and misuses made of genetic information in the service of the Nazi programs of eugenics, "euthanasia," and genocide.
DE:    EDITORIAL; HUMAN; BIOETHICS; SCHIZOPHRENIA; EUTHANASIA; EUGENICS; GENOCIDE
CC:    CC00502 (General-Biology-Philosophy);
          CC03508 (Genetics-and-Cytogenetics-Human);
          CC07004 (Behavioral-Biology-Human-Behavior);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC21002 (Psychiatry-Psychopathology-Psychodynamics-and-Therapy)
CC:    CC00531 (General-Biology-Forensic-Science)
Record 104 of 354 - BA on CD 7/96-12/96
TI:    Killing methods for large mammals. Animal welfare considerations in killing by euthanasia, slaughter and hunting in Europe.
AU:    Oen-E-O
SO:    Norsk Veterinaertidsskrift 108(5): 313-321
PY:    1996
IS:    0332-5741
LA:    Norwegian
LS:    Norwegian English
AB:    Some people compare the killing of an animal by euthanasia and slaughter with hunting. The methods are so different that any real comparison is impossible. This kind of comparison is none the less widespread. From an animal welfare point of view the most important objective is to render the animal unconscious as rapidly as possible. The way in which the animal ultimately is killed, in principle, is irrelevant when unconsciousness has occurred. In slaughtering of livestock in abattoirs, the killing methods does not give exclusive priority to animal welfare considerations. A number of other considerations such as economy, market acceptance of the product, worker's safety, and work environment, seem to count just as much as animal welfare. Despite good intentions and regulations, killing methods for domestic animals are by no means devoid of faults and misuse. Both methodological and technological weaknesses have been identified. There is no room for individual considerations. and the technology has been adapted to meet the requirement of a high-tempo slaughtering process which must not be slowed down by the killing process, in which the quality of the product must not be impaired. Even so, from the point of view of animal welfare, the centralized and industrialized process, which imposes suffering through a long and stressful process which can last for up to several days before the animals are put to death, is the aspect worthy of the gravest concern. Wild free-roaming animals are shot in their natural environment and most of them have not been subjected to man-made stress before being shot at. However, animals wounded during the hunt is a serious problem associated with hunting. In most cases it is the result of human error, but also for hunting, economical considerations like prices and size of quotas will have impact on the humaneness of the activity. If we focus exclusively on the moment the animal is killed, i.e. when the bolt or the electric shock hits the animal, the risk of a long survival time will be greater for hunted than slaughtered animals. On the other hand, most hunted animals will be killed without realizing that they are being hunted, and they will not be subjected to the long-term stress and pain experienced by animals for slaughter before they are killed. So, from an animal point of view, it is not obvious that the killing of livestock is more acceptable than hunting.
DE:    LITERATURE REVIEW; LARGE MAMMAL; KILLING; EUTHANASIA; ANIMAL WELFARE CONSIDERATIONS; SLAUGHTER; HUNTING; METHODS AND TECHNIQUES; KILLING METHOD; EUROPE; PALEARCTIC REGION
CC:    CC00502 (General-Biology-Philosophy);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis)
Record 105 of 354 - BA on CD 7/96-12/96
TI:    The human/horse bond and client bereavement in equine practice, Part 3.
AU:    Brackenridge-S-S; Shoemaker-R-S
SO:    Equine Practice 18(4): 20-23
PY:    1996
IS:    0162-8941
LA:    English
DE:    RESEARCH ARTICLE; EUTHANASIA
CC:    CC00502 (General-Biology-Philosophy);
          CC21001 (Psychiatry-General-Medical-Psychology-and-Sociology);
          CC38002 (Veterinary-Science-General-Methods)
Record 106 of 354 - BA on CD 1/96-6/96
TI:    AIDS, euthanasia and grief.
AU:    Van-Den-Boom-F
SO:    AIDS Care 7(SUPPL. 2): S175-S185
PY:    1995
IS:    0954-0121
LA:    English
AB:    Almost 50% of people with AIDS in the Netherlands make the necessary arrangements for a possible death by the administration of thanatic drugs. In approximately 50% of those who arranged for it, euthanasia is performed. Euthanasia is a well-considered decision. By means of euthanasia people with AIDS want to prevent unbearable suffering and a degrading existence. Those who have arranged for euthanasia were proven to have adapted to the disease better than those who had not. No relationship was found between ending life by means of euthanasia and complicated grief in survivors. However, if the euthanasia process itself was complicated, the risk of complicated grief increased.
DE:    RESEARCH ARTICLE; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME; SURVIVOR GRIEF; MEDICAL ETHICS; THE NETHERLANDS
CC:    CC00502 (General-Biology-Philosophy);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC21003 (Psychiatry-Psychophysiology);
          CC34508 (Immunology-and-Immunochemistry-Immunopathology-Tissue-Immunology);
          CC36006 (Medical-and-Clinical-Microbiology-Virology);
          CC37010 (Public-Health-Public-Health-Administration-and-Statistics)
CC:    CC04500 (Mathematical-Biology-and-Statistical-Methods);
          CC07004 (Behavioral-Biology-Human-Behavior)
Record 107 of 354 - BA on CD 1/96-6/96
TI:    AIDS and euthanasia.
AU:    Green-G
SO:    AIDS Care 7(SUPPL. 2): S169-S173
PY:    1995
IS:    0954-0121
LA:    English
AB:    This paper estimates the proportion of people with HIV who have considered asking assistance to end their lives and explores their motivations and plans of action to hasten death. 16/57 (28%) people with HIV have considered asking for assistance to hasten death, significantly more than seronegative controls (4/67) (3%) (p lt 0.001). In follow-up interviews with seropositive respondents the figure increased to 19/57 (33%). The main motivations are fear of being dependent and losing dignity and control in the final stages of the disease. These results are discussed in the light of current legislation about euthanasia and recent evidence that about one-half of NHS doctors would be prepared to comply with requests for euthanasia were it legal to do so.
DE:    RESEARCH ARTICLE; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME; LOSS OF DIGNITY; LOSS OF CONTROL; MEDICAL ETHICS; LEGISLATION; UK
CC:    CC00502 (General-Biology-Philosophy);
          CC00508 (General-Biology-Institutions-Administration-and-Legislation);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC21003 (Psychiatry-Psychophysiology);
          CC34508 (Immunology-and-Immunochemistry-Immunopathology-Tissue-Immunology);
          CC36006 (Medical-and-Clinical-Microbiology-Virology);
          CC37010 (Public-Health-Public-Health-Administration-and-Statistics)
CC:    CC04500 (Mathematical-Biology-and-Statistical-Methods);
          CC07004 (Behavioral-Biology-Human-Behavior)
Record 108 of 354 - BA on CD 1/96-6/96
TI:    Laboratory cat.
AU:    Afanas'eva-G-A
SO:    Laboratornye Zhivotnye 5(4): 229-242
PY:    1995
LA:    Russian
DE:    CONTINUING EDUCATION; FELIS MANICULATA; VISION; HEARING; PERCEPTION; BEHAVIOR; SEXUAL MATURATION; FEEDING; EUTHANASIA
CC:    CC00514 (General-Biology-Textbooks-General-Education-Audio-Visual-Aids);
          CC07003 (Behavioral-Biology-Animal-Behavior);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC16504 (Reproductive-System-Physiology-and-Biochemistry);
          CC20004 (Sense-Organs-Associated-Structures-and-Functions-Physiology-and-Biochemistry);
          CC20504 (Nervous-System-Physiology-and-Biochemistry);
          CC26504 (Animal-Production-Feeds-and-Feeding);
          CC28004 (Laboratory-Animals-Gnotobiology)
Record 109 of 354 - BA on CD 1/96-6/96
TI:    Methods of euthanasia.
AU:    Fontes-E-M
SO:    Revista Portuguesa de Ciencias Veterinarias 90(515): 104-109
PY:    1995
IS:    0035-0389
LA:    Portuguese
LS:    Portuguese French English
AB:    The author revise the use of euthanasia in animal research and in veterinary science (animal production and clinic).
DE:    JOURNAL ARTICLE
CC:    CC10504 (Biophysics-General-Biophysical-Techniques);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC38002 (Veterinary-Science-General-Methods)
Record 110 of 354 - BA on CD 1/96-6/96
TI:    Quantitative lung morphometry in sheep: Fixed to physiological lung volume ratios are influenced by delay in fixation.
AU:    Collie-D-D-S; Pyrah-I; Watt-N-J
SO:    Small Ruminant Research 19(2): 181-187
PY:    1996
IS:    0921-4488
LA:    English
AB:    The influence of time between euthanasia and lung fixation on the fixed to physiological lung volume ratio was investigated in 13 normal sheep lungs. Physiological lung volumes were measured in anaesthetized sheep by a single-breath helium dilution method. Sheep were immediately euthanased and the lungs removed and fixed by constant-pressure airway instillation of 4% paraformaldehyde for a period of 4 days. The time delay prior to fixation varied from 20 to 380 min. The fixed lung volume was measured by water displacement. The fixed to physiological lung volume ratio was significantly positively correlated with the time delay (r-s = 0.831; P lt 0.001). Post-mortem bronchoconstriction may account for this phenomenon.
DE:    RESEARCH ARTICLE; PARAFORMALDEHYDE; EUTHANASIA; WATER DISPLACEMENT; POST-MORTEM BRONCHOCONSTRICTION; CONSTANT-PRESSURE AIRWAY INSTILLATION; TISSUE FIXATION
CC:    CC10011 (Biochemistry-Physiological-Water-Studies);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC16001 (Respiratory-System-General-Methods);
          CC16002 (Respiratory-System-Anatomy);
          CC16004 (Respiratory-System-Physiology-and-Biochemistry);
          CC38002 (Veterinary-Science-General-Methods)
CC:    CC02506 (Cytology-and-Cytochemistry-Animal);
          CC10060 (Biochemical-Studies-General);
          CC32500 (Tissue-Culture-Apparatus-Methods-and-Media)
Record 111 of 354 - BA on CD 1/96-6/96
TI:    Palliative and accompanying care.
AU:    Vincey-P; Filippini-J-F; Patuano-E; Barnabe-D; Gal-M; Lacher-Fougere-S; Faure-F; Tavera-D
SO:    Medecine et Armees 23(6): 547-550
PY:    1995
IS:    0300-4937
LA:    French
LS:    French English
DE:    JOURNAL ARTICLE; HUMAN; TERMINAL DISEASE; PAIN TREATMENT; ETHICS; EUTHANASIA
CC:    CC00531 (General-Biology-Forensic-Science);
          CC12502 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-General);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC12512 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Therapy);
          CC37012 (Public-Health-Health-Services-and-Medical-Care)
CC:    CC00508 (General-Biology-Institutions-Administration-and-Legislation)
Record 112 of 354 - BA on CD 1/96-6/96
TI:    Euthanasia and the good life.
AU:    Lemmens-T
SO:    Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 39(1): 15-42
PY:    1995
IS:    0031-5982
LA:    English
DE:    JOURNAL ARTICLE; HUMAN; MEDICAL ETHICS; LEGALIZATION
CC:    CC00502 (General-Biology-Philosophy);
          CC00508 (General-Biology-Institutions-Administration-and-Legislation);
          CC07004 (Behavioral-Biology-Human-Behavior);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC37010 (Public-Health-Public-Health-Administration-and-Statistics)
Record 113 of 354 - BA on CD 1/96-6/96
TI:    Quantification of the hemolysis associated with use of T-61-R as a euthanasia agent in rabbits: A comparison with Euthanyl-R (pentobarbital sodium) and the impact on serum hexosaminidase measurements.
AU:    Doughty-M-J; Stuart-D
SO:    Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 73(9): 1274-1280
PY:    1995
IS:    0008-4212
LA:    English
LS:    English French
AB:    Albino rabbits (2-2.3 kg) were euthanized with T-61-R (N-(2-(m-methoxyphenyl)-2-ethylbutyl-(1)-)-gamma-hydroxybutyramide, 200 mg/mL; 4,4'-methylene-bis-(cyclohexyltrimethylammonium iodide), 50 mg/mL; tetracaine hydrochloride, 5 mg/mL: 0.2-1.0 mL/kg, iv) or Euthanyl (pentobarbital sodium, 100-240 mg/kg, iv) at 15:00 h, and samples of arteriovenous blood or venous blood were collected. The time to loss of consciousness was dose dependent for T-61, ranging from 7 to 1 s or less. Serum obtained after T-61 euthanasia, but not after Euthanyl, was routinely contaminated with measurable hemoglobin levels (up to an estimated 3 mg/mL). The extent of hemolysis increased with increasing T-61 doses. The activity of hexosaminidase in the serum (determined by hydrolysis of a methylumbelliferyl substrate at pH 4.6) was up to 80% lower in sera obtained after the use of T-61 compared with sera obtained after the use of Euthanyl or without euthanasia drugs. The reduction in measurable activity appears to be due to interference, by hemoglobin, in the fluorescence measurements of the methylumbelliferol reaction product (with threshold effects being detected at 0.1 mg/mL). Standardization of serum volumes used in these types of enzyme assays and reporting on hemoglobin levels is thus recommended.
DE:    RESEARCH ARTICLE; (N-(2-(M-METHOXYPHENYL)-2-ETHYLBUTYL-(1)-)-GAMMA-HYDROXYBUTYRAMIDE; 4,4'-METHYLENE-BIS-(CYCLOHEXYLTRIMETHYLAMMONIUM IODIDE); TETRACAINE HYDROCHLORIDE; PENTOBARBITAL SODIUM; PHARMACOKINETICS; HEMOGLOBIN
CC:    CC02506 (Cytology-and-Cytochemistry-Animal);
          CC10808 (Enzymes-Physiological-Studies);
          CC13002 (Metabolism-General-Metabolism-Metabolic-Pathways);
          CC13012 (Metabolism-Proteins-Peptides-and-Amino-Acids);
          CC13013 (Metabolism-Porphyrins-and-Bile-Pigments);
          CC15004 (Blood-Blood-Forming-Organs-and-Body-Fluids-Blood-Cell-Studies);
          CC22002 (Pharmacology-General);
          CC22003 (Pharmacology-Drug-Metabolism-Metabolic-Stimulators)
CC:    CC10060 (Biochemical-Studies-General);
          CC10064 (Biochemical-Studies-Proteins-Peptides-and-Amino-Acids);
          CC10065 (Biochemical-Studies-Porphyrins-and-Bile-Pigments)
Record 114 of 354 - BA on CD 1/96-6/96
TI:    The incidence of FIV/FELV in an animal pound in Fyn.
AU:    Nielsen-D-M; Rasmussen-M
SO:    Dansk Veterinaertidsskrift 78(22): 1131
PY:    1995
IS:    0106-6854
LA:    Danish
LS:    English
DE:    NOTE; RESEARCH ARTICLE; FELINE IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; FELINE LEUKEMIA VIRUS; EUTHANASIA; DENMARK
CC:    CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC15006 (Blood-Blood-Forming-Organs-and-Body-Fluids-Blood-Lymphatic-and-Reticuloendothelial-Pathologies);
          CC15008 (Blood-Blood-Forming-Organs-and-Body-Fluids-Lymphatic-Tissue-and-Reticuloendothelial-System);
          CC36006 (Medical-and-Clinical-Microbiology-Virology);
          CC38006 (Veterinary-Science-Microbiology)
Record 115 of 354 - BA on CD 7/95-12/95
TI:    Birds in experiments.
AU:    Berzinyan-N-I
SO:    Laboratornye Zhivotnye 5(2): 99-113
PY:    1995
LA:    Russian
DE:    CONTINUING EDUCATION; CHICKEN; AVIAN BIOLOGY; ANIMAL BEHAVIOR; CAGING; MICROCLIMATE; ANIMAL NUTRITION; ANESTHESIA; EUTHANASIA; LABORATORY ANIMAL CARE; ANIMAL WELFARE
CC:    CC07003 (Behavioral-Biology-Animal-Behavior);
          CC13202 (Nutrition-General-Studies-Nutritional-Status-and-Methods);
          CC20501 (Nervous-System-General-Methods);
          CC22002 (Pharmacology-General);
          CC28002 (Laboratory-Animals-General)
Record 116 of 354 - BA on CD 7/95-12/95
TI:    Carbon dioxide euthanasia in rats: Oxygen supplementation minimizes signs of agitation and asphyxia.
AU:    Coenen-A-M-L; Drinkenburg-W-H-I-M; Hoenderken-R; Van-Luijtelaar-E-L-J-M
SO:    Laboratory Animals (London) 29(3): 262-268
PY:    1995
IS:    0023-6772
LA:    English
AB:    This paper records the effects of carbon dioxide when used for euthanasia, on behaviour, electrical brain activity and heart rate in rats. Four different methods were used. Animals were placed in a box (a) that was completely filled with carbon dioxide; (b) into which carbon dioxide was streamed at a high flow rate; (c) into which carbon dioxide was streamed at a low flow rate and (d) into which a mixture of carbon dioxide and oxygen was streamed at a fast rate. It was found that the cessation of behaviour was associated with an aberrant pattern of electrical brain activity together with an abnormally low heart rate. The time to reach this point was shortest in those animals placed in the box filled with pure carbon dioxide, longer when carbon dioxide was introduced at a high rate into the box, longer still when oxygen was added to the carbon dioxide gas, and longest when carbon dioxide was streamed slowly into the box. In the condition with pure carbon dioxide, signs of behavioural agitation and asphyxia were seen. This was also true for the two conditions in which carbon dioxide streamed into the box, but to a lesser degree. These signs occurred when some degree of consciousness may still have been present in the animals. Signs of agitation and asphyxia were almost completely absent in the condition where oxygen was added to the carbon dioxide. These results not only demonstrate the usefulness of behavioural criteria next to electrophysiological indices, but also demonstrate that the negative effects of carbon dioxide euthanasia can be prevented by an additional supply of oxygen.
DE:    RESEARCH ARTICLE
CC:    CC00502 (General-Biology-Philosophy);
          CC10012 (Biochemistry-Gases);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC13003 (Metabolism-Energy-and-Respiratory-Metabolism);
          CC16006 (Respiratory-System-Pathology);
          CC28002 (Laboratory-Animals-General)
Record 117 of 354 - BA on CD 7/95-12/95
TI:    Canine gastric dilatation/volvulus syndrome in a veterinary critical care unit: 295 cases (1986-1992).
AU:    Brockman-D-J; Washabau-R-J; Drobatz-K-J
SO:    Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 207(4): 460-464
PY:    1995
IS:    0003-1488
LA:    English
AB:    Two hundred ninety-five case records were included in an analysis of dogs treated by a standardized protocol for gastric dilatation/volvulus syndrome between 1986 and 1992. A breed predisposition was demonstrated for Great Danes, German Shepherd Dogs, large mixed-breed dogs, and Standard Poodles. One hundred and ninety-three dogs had gastric dilatation and volvulus (GDV) confirmed at surgery, 66 had simple gastric dilatation (GD), and 36 others had gastric dilatation but volvulus could not be proved or disproved (GD +- V). Among dogs with GDV, the fatality rate was 15% (29/193). Twenty-six (13.5%) dogs with GDV underwent partial gastrectomy, and 8 (31%) died or were subsequently euthanatized. In comparing the group of dogs with GDV that survived to those that died, there were no statistical differences in the age of dog, time between onset of clinical signs and admission, time from admission to surgery, or duration of anesthesia. Cardiac arrhythmias were detected in 40% (78/193) of the dogs with GDV. There also was no statistical correlation between development of a cardiac arrhythmia and outcome in dogs with GDV. The causes of death in dogs with GDV were multiple and varied presumed gastric necrosis was a common reason for intraoperative euthanasia (11 dogs). Among dogs with GD or GD +- V, the fatality rate was 0.9% (1/102).
DE:    RESEARCH ARTICLE; DOG; GREAT DANE; GERMAN SHEPHERD; LARGE MIXED-BREED; STANDARD POODLE; BREED PREDISPOSITION; CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIA; GASTRIC NECROSIS; FATALITY RATE; PARTIAL GASTRECTOMY; EUTHANASIA
CC:    CC03506 (Genetics-and-Cytogenetics-Animal);
          CC11105 (Anatomy-and-Histology-General-and-Comparative-Surgery);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC12512 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Therapy);
          CC14006 (Digestive-System-Pathology);
          CC14506 (Cardiovascular-System-Heart-Pathology);
          CC38002 (Veterinary-Science-General-Methods);
          CC38004 (Veterinary-Science-Pathology)
CC:    CC04500 (Mathematical-Biology-and-Statistical-Methods)
Record 118 of 354 - BA on CD 7/95-12/95
TI:    Ethical conflictive decisions about the end of life: A general introduction and analysis framework.
AU:    Simon-Lorda-P; Couceiro-Vidal-A
SO:    Oncologia (Madrid) 18(1): 34-51
PY:    1995
IS:    0378-4835
LA:    Spanish
LS:    Spanish English
DE:    JOURNAL ARTICLE; HUMAN; BIOETHICS; MEDICAL ETHICS; EUTHANASIA; PATIENT REQUEST
CC:    CC00502 (General-Biology-Philosophy);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis)
Record 119 of 354 - BA on CD 7/95-12/95
TI:    Disseminated opportunistic fungal disease in dogs: 10 cases (1982-1990).
AU:    Watt-P-R; Robins-G-M; Galloway-A-M; O'Boyle-D-A
SO:    Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 207(1): 67-70
PY:    1995
IS:    0003-1488
LA:    English
AB:    Medical records of 10 dogs in which fungal infection was diagnosed between 1982 and 1990 were reviewed. In each dog, infection was determined to be caused by a single species of fungus, either Aspergillus terreus, Penicillium sp, Paecilomyces sp, Chrysosporium sp, or Pseudallescheria boydii. Nine dogs were German Shepherd Dogs; 1 was a German Shepherd Dog cross, and 9 were females. The most common clinical signs were signs of neck or back pain (9 dogs), weight loss (7 dogs), anorexia (6 dogs), pyrexia (6 dogs), paresis (3 dogs), and paralysis (3 dogs). All 10 dogs had evidence of multiple sites of diskospondylitis. Urine sediment was examined in 6 dogs, and all 6 had fungal hyphae. Urine samples from these dogs produced a medium to heavy pure growth of fungi when placed on Sabaraud's medium. Predisposing causes were not identified in any of the dogs. Four dogs were euthanatized immediately after diagnosis because of paralysis or paresis. The other 6 dogs were treated, and 4 of the 6 received itraconazole. One dog was euthanatized for an unrelated problem after 21 months of treatment; 1 dog was still alive after 4 years of continuous treatment with itraconazole. The other 4 dogs were euthanatized because of eventual paralysis or paresis. Our results suggest that German Shepherd bogs are predisposed to infection with opportunistic fungi, possibly because of a specific inability to mount an effective response. This predisposition needs to be further studied.
DE:    RESEARCH ARTICLE; ASPERGILLUS TERREUS; PENICILLIUM spp.; PAECILOMYCES spp.; CHRYSOSPORIUM spp.; PSEUDALLESCHERIA BOYDII; GERMAN SHEPHERD; ITRACONAZOLE; ANTIFUNGAL-DRUG; NECK PAIN; BACK PAIN; WEIGHT LOSS; ANOREXIA; PYREXIA; PARESIS; PARALYSIS; DISKOSPONDYLITIS; EUTHANASIA
CC:    CC12002 (Physiology-General-and-Miscellaneous-General);
          CC12508 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Inflammation-and-Inflammatory-Disease);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC12512 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Therapy);
          CC13203 (Nutrition-Malnutrition-Obesity);
          CC17506 (Muscle-Pathology);
          CC18006 (Bones-Joints-Fasciae-Connective-and-Adipose-Tissue-Pathology);
          CC20506 (Nervous-System-Pathology);
          CC23007 (Temperature:-Its-Measurement-Effects-and-Regulation-Thermopathology);
          CC36008 (Medical-and-Clinical-Microbiology-Mycology);
          CC38002 (Veterinary-Science-General-Methods);
          CC38006 (Veterinary-Science-Microbiology);
          CC38508 (Chemotherapy-Antifungal-Agents)
CC:    CC10060 (Biochemical-Studies-General);
          CC11308 (Chordate-Body-Regions-Neck);
          CC11310 (Chordate-Body-Regions-Back-and-Buttocks)
Record 120 of 354 - BA on CD 7/95-12/95
TI:    "Slapping up spastics": The persistence of social attitudes toward people with disabilities.
AU:    Gallagher-H-G
SO:    Issues in Law & Medicine 10(4): 401-414
PY:    1995
IS:    8756-8160
LA:    English
DE:    JOURNAL ARTICLE; HUMAN; LAW; MEDICINE; EUTHANASIA; KILLING; GERMANY; WORLD WAR II; HOLOCAUST; HISTORY
CC:    CC00508 (General-Biology-Institutions-Administration-and-Legislation);
          CC00522 (General-Biology-History-and-Archaeology);
          CC00531 (General-Biology-Forensic-Science);
          CC05500 (Social-Biology-Human-Ecology);
          CC37010 (Public-Health-Public-Health-Administration-and-Statistics);
          CC37012 (Public-Health-Health-Services-and-Medical-Care)
Record 121 of 354 - BA on CD 7/95-12/95
TI:    Systemic histiocytosis in the Bernese mountain dog.
AU:    Paterson-S; Boydell-P; Pike-R
SO:    Journal of Small Animal Practice 36(5): 233-236
PY:    1995
IS:    0022-4510
LA:    English
AB:    Systemic histiocytosis is a rare familial histiocytic disorder seen in the Bernese mountain dog. This article documents six confirmed cases of the disease seen at the Animal Medical Centre between June 1992 and June 1994 and describes the different presentations of the disease, response to therapy and progression. Three of the dogs are still alive; of these, two are in remission six and 18 months later and in one case the owner refused treatment. Three of the cases were euthanased for humane reasons.
DE:    CASE STUDY; FAMILIAL HISTIOCYTIC DISORDER; DISEASE PROGRESSION; REMISSION; THERAPY; EUTHANASIA
CC:    CC03506 (Genetics-and-Cytogenetics-Animal);
          CC12512 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Therapy);
          CC15006 (Blood-Blood-Forming-Organs-and-Body-Fluids-Blood-Lymphatic-and-Reticuloendothelial-Pathologies);
          CC15008 (Blood-Blood-Forming-Organs-and-Body-Fluids-Lymphatic-Tissue-and-Reticuloendothelial-System);
          CC24008 (Neoplasms-and-Neoplastic-Agents-Therapeutic-Agents-Therapy);
          CC24010 (Neoplasms-and-Neoplastic-Agents-Blood-and-Reticuloendothelial-Neoplasms);
          CC38004 (Veterinary-Science-Pathology)
CC:    CC00502 (General-Biology-Philosophy)
Record 122 of 354 - BA on CD 7/95-12/95
TI:    Euthanasia of animals: A review.
AU:    Prost-E-K
SO:    Medycyna Weterynaryjna 51(5): 263-270
PY:    1995
IS:    0025-8628
LA:    Polish
DE:    LITERATURE REVIEW; DOG; CAT; BEHAVIOR; INHALATION; INFUSION; ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION
CC:    CC07003 (Behavioral-Biology-Animal-Behavior);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC22100 (Routes-of-Immunization-Infection-and-Therapy);
          CC38002 (Veterinary-Science-General-Methods)
Record 123 of 354 - BA on CD 7/95-12/95
TI:    Calcium Carbonate Urolithiasis in a Rabbit.
AU:    Whary-M-T; Peper-R-L
SO:    Laboratory Animal Science 44(5): 534-536
PY:    1994
IS:    0023-6764
LA:    English
DE:    CASE STUDY; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; DIAGNOSIS; EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODEL; EUTHANASIA
CC:    CC10059 (Biochemical-Methods-Minerals);
          CC11104 (Anatomy-and-Histology-General-and-Comparative-Experimental-Anatomy);
          CC11106 (Anatomy-and-Histology-General-and-Comparative-Radiologic-Anatomy);
          CC12504 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Diagnostic);
          CC12512 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Therapy);
          CC13010 (Metabolism-Minerals);
          CC13020 (Metabolism-Metabolic-Disorders);
          CC15502 (Urinary-System-and-External-Secretions-Anatomy);
          CC15506 (Urinary-System-and-External-Secretions-Pathology)
CC:    CC10069 (Biochemical-Studies-Minerals);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC28002 (Laboratory-Animals-General);
          CC38004 (Veterinary-Science-Pathology)
Record 124 of 354 - BA on CD 1/95-6/95
TI:    A "pitiful death": Is it the response to a "painful life"?
AU:    Beltrutti-D-P-C
SO:    Panminerva Medica 36(2): 97-100
PY:    1994
IS:    0031-0808
LA:    English
DE:    JOURNAL ARTICLE; HUMAN; PAIN MEDICATION; SUFFERING; CANCER; ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME; EUTHANASIA; QUALITY OF LIFE
CC:    CC00502 (General-Biology-Philosophy);
          CC12502 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-General);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC20506 (Nervous-System-Pathology);
          CC22024 (Pharmacology-Neuropharmacology);
          CC24004 (Neoplasms-and-Neoplastic-Agents-Pathology-Clinical-Aspects-Systemic-Effects);
          CC34508 (Immunology-and-Immunochemistry-Immunopathology-Tissue-Immunology);
          CC36006 (Medical-and-Clinical-Microbiology-Virology)
Record 125 of 354 - BA on CD 1/95-6/95
TI:    Determination of embutramide in biological matrices by gas chromatography with nitrogen-phosphorus detection.
AU:    Huo-J-Z; Van-Bocxlaer-J; Lambert-W-E; De-Leenheer-A-P
SO:    Journal of Chromatography B Biomedical Applications 661(1): 69-74
PY:    1994
LA:    English
AB:    Embutramide is a general anesthetic having a strong narcotic effect on the central nervous system where it paralyzes the brain center that controls respiration. It is a constituent of T61, a veterinary euthanasia drug. This paper describes a gas chromatographic procedure using nitrogen-phosphorus detection for the determination of embutramide in biological matrices. The drug and the internal standard (ambucetamide) are extracted with dichloromethane under alkaline conditions. The method is linear from 100 to 3000 ng/ml. The within-day and day-to-day coefficients of variation range from 5.1 to 5.7% and from 9.1 to 10.0%, respectively. The recovery is above 80% while the minimum detectable level under the conditions described is 40 ng/ml analyzing a 1-ml or a 1-g aliquot of a sample (blood or tissue). The method is also applied to different samples from dogs euthanized with T61.
DE:    RESEARCH ARTICLE; DOG; EMBUTRAMIDE; CENTRAL DEPRESSANT-DRUG; PHARMACOKINETICS; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; RESPIRATION; VETERINARY EUTHANASIA; ANALYTICAL METHOD
CC:    CC10060 (Biochemical-Studies-General);
          CC10504 (Biophysics-General-Biophysical-Techniques);
          CC10506 (Biophysics-Molecular-Properties-and-Macromolecules);
          CC16004 (Respiratory-System-Physiology-and-Biochemistry);
          CC20504 (Nervous-System-Physiology-and-Biochemistry);
          CC22003 (Pharmacology-Drug-Metabolism-Metabolic-Stimulators);
          CC22024 (Pharmacology-Neuropharmacology);
          CC38002 (Veterinary-Science-General-Methods)
CC:    CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC22005 (Pharmacology-Clinical-Pharmacology)
Record 126 of 354 - BA on CD 7/94-12/94
TI:    Ethical and legal questions of the killing of animals to prevention to considerable pain and suffering.
AU:    Moebius-G
SO:    DTW (Deutsche Tieraerztliche Wochenschrift) 101(9): 372-376
PY:    1994
IS:    0341-6593
LA:    German
LS:    German English
AB:    The ethical and legal problems that are connected with the killing of animals are continuously discussed. Problems with the interpretation of "reasonable reason" and the public criticism of killing to get luxury goods as well as of the methods of killing show the main points. ln contrast to the killing of animals in the interest of people the euthanasia of animals to prevention of considerable, not to soothed pain and suffering is appreciated generally as reasonably and ethically justified. The ethical justification confronts with legal problems based on the conflicting position of animals in civil law. These problems are important for a practising veterinarian.
DE:    JOURNAL ARTICLE; EUTHANASIA; CRUELTY; VETERINARY MEDICINE
CC:    CC00502 (General-Biology-Philosophy);
          CC00508 (General-Biology-Institutions-Administration-and-Legislation);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC20506 (Nervous-System-Pathology);
          CC38002 (Veterinary-Science-General-Methods)
Record 127 of 354 - BA on CD 7/94-12/94
TI:    Simultaneous determination of norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin in hippocampal microdialysis samples using normal bore high performance liquid chromatography: Effects of dopamine receptor agonist stimulation and euthanasia.
AU:    Cox-Gariepy-K; Bailey-B; Yu-J; Mather-T; Acworth-I-N
SO:    Journal of Liquid Chromatography 17(7): 1541-1556
PY:    1994
IS:    0148-3919
LA:    English
AB:    A sensitive and selective conventional chromatographic method has been developed for the simultaneous measurement of norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin from rat brain microdialysis samples. Ion-pair reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography was used in combination with coulometric study of acute pharmacological manipulation in the rat brain to monitor the effects of drugs on and the potential interactions between monoaminergic systems. System administration of the D2/D-1 receptor agonist apomorphine as well as post-euthanasia. Basal levels and pharmacological effects are reported and discussed.
DE:    RESEARCH ARTICLE; RAT; APOMORPHINE; ANALYTICAL METHOD
CC:    CC10054 (Biochemical-Methods-Proteins-Peptides-and-Amino-Acids);
          CC12512 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Therapy);
          CC17020 (Endocrine-System-Neuroendocrinology);
          CC20501 (Nervous-System-General-Methods);
          CC20504 (Nervous-System-Physiology-and-Biochemistry);
          CC22024 (Pharmacology-Neuropharmacology)
CC:    CC10060 (Biochemical-Studies-General);
          CC10064 (Biochemical-Studies-Proteins-Peptides-and-Amino-Acids)
Record 128 of 354 - BA on CD 7/94-12/94
TI:    Risk factors for behavior-related euthanasia among dominant-aggressive dogs: 110 cases (1989-1992).
AU:    Reisner-I-R; Erb-H-N; Houpt-K-A
SO:    Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 205(6): 855-863
PY:    1994
IS:    0003-1488
LA:    English
AB:    Establishing a prognosis for dogs with dominance-related aggression is difficult. Some dominant-aggressive dogs respond well to treatment; others continue to be serious risks for their owners. A study was performed to identify characteristics of dominance-related aggression and to identify risk factors associated with whether the aggressive behavior led to euthanasia. Medical records of 110 dogs with dominance-related aggression were examined retrospectively; characteristics of owner-directed aggression and eventual outcome of the dogs were recorded. By means of logistic regression, 2 different models were found to describe the association between behavior characteristics and outcome. In the first model, severe aggression in response to benign dominance challenges and body weight gt 18.2 kg were associated with outcome. In the second model, unpredictability of aggression and a history of being purchased were associated with outcome. We concluded that dominance-related aggressive behavior can be subclassified according to severity and type and that outcome (ie, euthanasia) may be predictable in some cases.
DE:    RESEARCH ARTICLE; HUMAN; TREATMENT
CC:    CC07003 (Behavioral-Biology-Animal-Behavior);
          CC12512 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Therapy);
          CC38002 (Veterinary-Science-General-Methods)
Record 129 of 354 - BA on CD 7/94-12/94
TI:    Euthanasia: Definition, dangers and alternatives.
AU:    Saunders-C
SO:    Annals Academy of Medicine Singapore 23(2): 300-303
PY:    1994
IS:    0304-4602
LA:    English
DE:    JOURNAL ARTICLE; HUMAN; LEGISLATION; QUALITY OF LIFE; PSYCHOSOCIAL ASPECTS
CC:    CC00508 (General-Biology-Institutions-Administration-and-Legislation);
          CC05500 (Social-Biology-Human-Ecology);
          CC21003 (Psychiatry-Psychophysiology);
          CC37010 (Public-Health-Public-Health-Administration-and-Statistics)
CC:    CC07004 (Behavioral-Biology-Human-Behavior)
Record 130 of 354 - BA on CD 7/94-12/94
TI:    Method of euthanasia does not affect sperm motility in the laboratory rat.
AU:    Slott-V-L; Linder-R-E; Dyer-C-J
SO:    Reproductive Toxicology 8(4): 371-374
PY:    1994
IS:    0890-6238
LA:    English
AB:    To determine if anesthetic agents used in laboratory animal euthanasia affected sperm motion parameters, rats (n = 10 per group) were euthanized by one of 5 different methods: decapitation alone, or decapitation following either ether, halothane, or Nembutal anesthesia, or Co, usphyxiation. Sperm were collected from the distal cauda epididymis, diluted, and videotaped for computer-aided sperm analysis (CASA; HTM-2030, Hamilton-Thorn Research, Beverly, MA). The percentage of motile sperm (MOT), their straight-line velocity (VSL), average path velocity (VAP), curvilinear velocity (VCL), linear index (LINX), and linearity (LIN) were measured on gtoreq 200 motile sperm per sample. No significant differences in any of these 6 motion parameters were found among the treatment groups. Thus, none of these 5 methods of euthanasia affect sperm motion as assessed by CASA methods, making them equally suitable for use in reproductive toxicology studies.
DE:    RESEARCH ARTICLE; ANESTHETICS; ETHER; HALOTHANE; NEMBUTAL; CARBON DIOXIDE ASPHYXIATION; REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY STUDIES
CC:    CC10012 (Biochemistry-Gases);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC16504 (Reproductive-System-Physiology-and-Biochemistry);
          CC16506 (Reproductive-System-Pathology);
          CC22024 (Pharmacology-Neuropharmacology);
          CC22501 (Toxicology-General-Methods-and-Experimental);
          CC22504 (Toxicology-Pharmacological-Toxicology)
CC:    CC10060 (Biochemical-Studies-General)
Record 131 of 354 - BA on CD 7/94-12/94
TI:    Euthanasia in the Netherlands.
AU:    Van-Der-Wal-G; Dillmann-R-J-M
SO:    British Medical Journal 308(6940): 1346-1349
PY:    1994
IS:    0959-8138
LA:    English
AB:    The practice of euthanasia in the Netherlands is often used as an argument in debates outside the Netherlands - hence a clear description of the Dutch situation is important. This article summarises recent data and discusses conceptual issues and relevant characteristics of the system of health care. Special emphasis is put on regulation, including relevant data on notification and prosecution. Besides the practice of euthanasia the Dutch are confronted with the gaps in reporting of cases to the public prosecutor and the existence of cases of ending a life without an explicit request. Nevertheless, the "Dutch experiment" need not inevitably lead down the slippery slope because of the visibility and openness of this part of medical practice. This will lead to increased awareness, more safeguards, and improvement of medical decisions concerning the end of life.
DE:    JOURNAL ARTICLE; HUMAN; LEGALITY; LIVING WILLS; NOTIFICATION; PROSECUTION
CC:    CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC37010 (Public-Health-Public-Health-Administration-and-Statistics);
          CC37012 (Public-Health-Health-Services-and-Medical-Care)
CC:    CC04500 (Mathematical-Biology-and-Statistical-Methods)
Record 132 of 354 - BA on CD 7/94-12/94
TI:    Attitudes among NHS doctors to requests for euthanasia.
AU:    Ward-B-J; Tate-P-A
SO:    British Medical Journal 308(6940): 1332-1334
PY:    1994
IS:    0959-8138
LA:    English
AB:    Objectives: To explore NHS doctors' attitudes to competent patients' requests for euthanasia and to estimate the proportion of doctors who have taken active steps to hasten a patient's death. Design: Anonymous postal questionnaire, with no possibility of follow up. The survey was conducted from December 1992 to March 1993. Subjects: All (221) general practitioners and 203 hospital consultants in one area of England. Results: 273 doctors responded to a question on whether a patient had ever asked them to hasten death. Of these, 163 had been asked to; 124 of these had been asked to take active steps to hasten death; 38 of 119 (32%), of these had complied with such a request (95% confidence interval 23% to 40%). This proportion represented 12% of all those who returned a completed questionnaire and 9% of all those who had been sent a questionnaire (95% confidence interval 6.3% to 11.7%). A larger proportion of the respondents (142/307 (46%)), however, would consider taking active steps to bring about the death of a patient if it was legal to do so. Conclusions: Many doctors face difficult decisions about euthanasia. For the benefit of both patients and doctors euthanasia should be discussed more openly.
DE:    RESEARCH ARTICLE; HUMAN; NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE; QUESTIONNAIRE
CC:    CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC37010 (Public-Health-Public-Health-Administration-and-Statistics);
          CC37012 (Public-Health-Health-Services-and-Medical-Care)
CC:    CC04500 (Mathematical-Biology-and-Statistical-Methods)
Record 133 of 354 - BA on CD 7/94-12/94
TI:    Euthanasia of dogs using electric current.
AU:    Ayala-Guerrero-F; Padilla-Sahagun-G; Uribe-Villagomez-E; De-Aluja-A-S
SO:    Veterinaria - Mexico 25(1): 51-54
PY:    1994
IS:    0301-5092
LA:    Spanish
LS:    Spanish English
AB:    Effectiveness of an electrical method to euthanize clogs was clinically and electrophysiologically assessed. A 126 V, 3 A electrical current was delivered through a pair of stainless steel nippers placed dorsally on the skin of the animals. Death was almost immediate after applying the electrical current during a period of 20 seconds. However, this method was only effective when one of the nippers was placed on the skin covering the occipital protuberance and the other one near the insertion of the tail. It is also important that the skin-nipper contact areas are completely wet with an electrolytic solution (faucet water), in order to facilitate the current flow. Since animals exhibited a minimum of suffering, it is concluded that the method described in this paper is appropriated to euthanize adult dogs.
DE:    RESEARCH ARTICLE
CC:    CC10504 (Biophysics-General-Biophysical-Techniques);
          CC10610 (External-Effects-Electric-Magnetic-and-Gravitational-Phenomena);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC38002 (Veterinary-Science-General-Methods)
Record 134 of 354 - BA on CD 7/94-12/94
TI:    Public veterinary medicine: Food safety and handling: Euthanasia and slaughter of livestock.
AU:    Grandin-T
SO:    Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 204(9): 1354-1360
PY:    1994
IS:    0003-1488
LA:    English
DE:    JOURNAL ARTICLE; HORSE; PIG; SHEEP; CATTLE
CC:    CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC20501 (Nervous-System-General-Methods);
          CC26502 (Animal-Production-General-Methods);
          CC38002 (Veterinary-Science-General-Methods)
Record 135 of 354 - BA on CD January-June 1994
TI:    Euthanasia.
AU:    Deger-M
SO:    Cerrahpasa Tip Fakultesi Dergisi 24(3-4): 565-573
PY:    1993
IS:    0376-7833
LA:    Turkish
LS:    Turkish English
AB:    Euthanasia, is the most fascinating and the most discussed issue in Medical Ethics. Euthanasia, literally means "good death" or "gentle and easy death, a death with a little or no suffering". After new developments in medical technology, euthanasia became more complicated. Euthanasia maybe 1- Active or 2- passive Active Euthanasia is "killing" by a doctor or others. Passive Euthanasia is "Letting die" by the doctor, others or by the patient. Active Euthanasia is punishable in Turkish Criminal Law, as a deliberate murder. Passive euthanasia is also punishable a neglect in Turkey by the same law.
DE:    JOURNAL ARTICLE; HUMAN; LEGAL ASPECTS; TURKEY
CC:    CC00508 (General-Biology-Institutions-Administration-and-Legislation);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis)
CC:    CC05500 (Social-Biology-Human-Ecology);
          CC37010 (Public-Health-Public-Health-Administration-and-Statistics)
Record 136 of 354 - BA on CD January-June 1994
TI:    Reanimatology as a neurological science.
AU:    Negovskii-V-A
SO:    Anesteziologiya i Reanimatologiya 0(4): 62-69
PY:    1993
IS:    0201-7563
LA:    Russian
DE:    CONTINUING EDUCATION; HUMAN; CLINICAL DEATH; BIOLOGICAL DEATH; BRAIN DEATH; EUTHANASIA; CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION; BARBITURATE; MORPHINE; BRAIN FUNCTION RESTORATION; RESUSCITATION-ASSOCIATED HALLUCINATION; HYPERBARIC OXYGENATION; IMMUNITY; MEDICAL ETHICS
CC:    CC00502 (General-Biology-Philosophy);
          CC05500 (Social-Biology-Human-Ecology);
          CC07004 (Behavioral-Biology-Human-Behavior);
          CC10012 (Biochemistry-Gases);
          CC10606 (External-Effects-Pressure);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC12512 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Therapy);
          CC14504 (Cardiovascular-System-Physiology-and-Biochemistry);
          CC15002 (Blood-Blood-Forming-Organs-and-Body-Fluids-Blood-and-Lymph-Studies);
          CC16004 (Respiratory-System-Physiology-and-Biochemistry);
          CC20506 (Nervous-System-Pathology);
          CC21001 (Psychiatry-General-Medical-Psychology-and-Sociology);
          CC21003 (Psychiatry-Psychophysiology);
          CC22005 (Pharmacology-Clinical-Pharmacology);
          CC22024 (Pharmacology-Neuropharmacology);
          CC34502 (Immunology-and-Immunochemistry-General-Methods);
          CC37001 (Public-Health-General-and-Miscellaneous);
          CC37010 (Public-Health-Public-Health-Administration-and-Statistics);
          CC37012 (Public-Health-Health-Services-and-Medical-Care)
CC:    CC10060 (Biochemical-Studies-General);
          CC12004 (Physiology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Instrumentation)
Record 137 of 354 - BA on CD January-June 1994
TI:    Euthanasia; not always Eu.
AU:    Blackmore-D-K
SO:    Australian Veterinary Journal 70(11): 409-413
PY:    1993
IS:    0005-0423
LA:    English
DE:    RESEARCH ARTICLE; ANIMAL; ETHICS; TECHNIQUE
CC:    CC05500 (Social-Biology-Human-Ecology);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC38002 (Veterinary-Science-General-Methods)
Record 138 of 354 - BA on CD January-June 1994
TI:    Squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx and pharynx in horses.
AU:    Jones-D-L
SO:    Cornell Veterinarian 84(1): 15-24
PY:    1994
IS:    0010-8901
LA:    English
AB:    Medical records were reviewed for 11 horses with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx and/or pharynx. The average age at presentation was 15.3 years. No breed or sex predilection was present. At presentation, 6 of 11 horses were dyspneic and 4 horses had inspiratory stridor. Endoscopy was performed in all cases and was more useful in demonstrating a mass in the laryngopharyngeal region than laryngeal or guttural pouch radiography. Surgical excision was attempted in 3 horses and in 1 horse alleviated clinical signs for 4 months. Ten horses were euthanatized and 1 horse died. Results of this study indicated that laryngopharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas are difficult to surgically excise due to their location, size and invasiveness. Treatment is often not attempted because of the advanced state of the disease at the time of presentation.
DE:    RESEARCH ARTICLE; EQUINE; ENDOSCOPY; DIAGNOSTIC RADIOGRAPHY; EUTHANASIA; ADVANCED DISEASE STATE
CC:    CC06504 (Radiation-Radiation-and-Isotope-Techniques);
          CC11106 (Anatomy-and-Histology-General-and-Comparative-Radiologic-Anatomy);
          CC12504 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Diagnostic);
          CC12512 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Therapy);
          CC14006 (Digestive-System-Pathology);
          CC16006 (Respiratory-System-Pathology);
          CC24001 (Neoplasms-and-Neoplastic-Agents-Diagnostic-Methods);
          CC24004 (Neoplasms-and-Neoplastic-Agents-Pathology-Clinical-Aspects-Systemic-Effects);
          CC24008 (Neoplasms-and-Neoplastic-Agents-Therapeutic-Agents-Therapy);
          CC38004 (Veterinary-Science-Pathology)
CC:    CC00502 (General-Biology-Philosophy);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis)
Record 139 of 354 - BA on CD January-June 1994
TI:    Guidelines for the welfare of animals in rodent protection tests: A report from the Rodent Protection Test Working Party.
AU:    Acred-P; Hennessey-T-D; MacArthur-Clark-J-A; Merrikin-D-J; Ryan-D-M; Smulders-H-C; Troke-P-F; Wilson-R-G; Straughan-D-W
SO:    Laboratory Animals (London) 28(1): 13-18
PY:    1994
IS:    0023-6772
LA:    English
AB:    The rodent protection test (RPT) is used in antimicrobial research to confirm the in vivo efficacy of novel antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal agents. The RPT may involve lethal infection and thus has the potential to cause significant suffering. These Guidelines recommend refinements to the RPT which reduce animal use to a minimum and suggest cardinal clinical signs which act as predictors of lethality. Early recognition of these signs is imperative to minimize suffering, allow identification of humane end points and permit timely euthanasia. Constructive suggestions for the improvement of these Guidelines are welcomed.
DE:    STANDARD; ANTIMICROBIAL RESEARCH; EUTHANASIA
CC:    CC00502 (General-Biology-Philosophy);
          CC10060 (Biochemical-Studies-General);
          CC28002 (Laboratory-Animals-General);
          CC36001 (Medical-and-Clinical-Microbiology-General-Methods-and-Techniques)
Record 140 of 354 - BA on CD January-June 1994
TI:    A comparison of euthanasia methods in rats, using carbon dioxide in prefilled and fixed flow rate filled chambers.
AU:    Hewett-T-A; Kovacs-M-S; Artwohl-J-E; Bennett-B-T
SO:    Laboratory Animal Science 43(6): 579-582
PY:    1993
IS:    0023-6764
LA:    English
AB:    The two methods (prefilled and fixed flow rate filled chambers) recommended in the 1993 AVMA Euthanasia Panel report for using carbon dioxide to euthanatize rats were evaluated in terms of their effect on behavior and selected blood gas values. Responses were videotaped during exposure to gtoreq 90% carbon dioxide in a prefilled chamber or a gradually filled chamber, using a fixed flow rate of 20% chamber volume/min. Arterial blood samples were taken to determine partial pressure of oxygen, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, pH, and oxygen saturation prior to entering the chamber and at time points determined by rats' responses to carbon dioxide. Rats showed similar reactions when exposed to carbon dioxide by either method. Significant differences in mean time for each response to occur were seen between euthanasia methods.Maintaining a near atmospheric oxygen chamber concentration by using a 75% CO-2: 20% O-2: 5% N-2 gas mixture to gradually fill the chamber did not change rats' reactions upon exposure. Significant differences were found between pre-exposure values and values from samples obtained when rats became immobile after entering the prefilled chamber. Partial pressure of carbon dioxide significantly increased, and pH and percent oxygen saturation significantly decreased from pre-exposure values in all samples obtained after rats entered the gradually filled chamber. Partial pressure of oxygen in these rats was greater than or equal to pre-exposure levels in all samples. Rats appeared sedated because of the anesthestic effects of carbon dioxide when immobility was observed. Distress was not observed in the rats when either method of euthanasia was used.
DE:    RESEARCH ARTICLE
CC:    CC10060 (Biochemical-Studies-General);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC20501 (Nervous-System-General-Methods);
          CC28002 (Laboratory-Animals-General)
Record 141 of 354 - BA on CD January-June 1994
TI:    Myth of substituted judgment: Surrogate decision making regarding life support is unreliable.
AU:    Suhl-J; Simons-P; Reedy-T; Garrick-T
SO:    Archives of Internal Medicine 154(1): 90-96
PY:    1994
IS:    0003-9926
LA:    English
AB:    Objective: To identify factors predicting the accuracy of surrogate decision making in life support decisions. Design: Questionnaire. Setting: Urban Veterans Affairs hospital. Patients and Design: Fifty hospitalized patients and their chosen surrogates were given questionnaires describing life support modalities and four common medical scenarios in which life support would be contemplated. An additional 50 patients also completed the questionnaire. Patients gave their choices of life support in the different scenarios. Surrogates guessed the patients' answers (substituted judgment). Details of the patient surrogate relationship were asked. Patients completed a depression inventory. Main Outcome Measure: Patient-surrogate agreement. Main Results: Surrogates correctly guessed patients' wishes about life support overall on 59.3% of the questions, not better than random chance (kappa=.09). The only predictor of accurate surrogate decision making was specific discussion between patient and surrogate about life support. Secondary Results: Patients had an overall low desire for life support (35%), and a majority favored euthanasia under some circumstances (62%). There was no relationship between depression score and desire for life support. Conclusions: Substituted judgment by surrogates is not more accurate than random chance. Discussion between patient and surrogate about life support correlated with more accurate substituted judgment.
DE:    RESEARCH ARTICLE; HUMAN; ETHICAL DECISION; EUTHANASIA; STATISTICS
CC:    CC00502 (General-Biology-Philosophy);
          CC37012 (Public-Health-Health-Services-and-Medical-Care)
Record 142 of 354 - BA on CD January-June 1994
TI:    Brain damage caused by a captive bolt pistol.
AU:    Finnie-J-W
SO:    Journal of Comparative Pathology 109(3): 253-258
PY:    1993
IS:    0021-9975
LA:    English
AB:    The neuropathological changes produced by a captive bolt pistol are described. The primary wound track in the brain was similar to that inflicted by a weapon such as a .22 calibre rifle. However neural and vascular damage at a distance from the primary wound canal was much less severe and widespread after penetration of the low velocity captive bolt projectile due to the formation of a smaller temporary wound cavity by radial forces imparted to the parenchyma. These findings suggest that the use of a captive bolt pistol for euthanasia should be immediately followed by further actions to ensure that an animal is rendered permanently unconscious.
DE:    RESEARCH ARTICLE; SHEEP; PARENCHYMA; VASCULAR DAMAGE; CONSCIOUSNESS; EUTHANASIA
CC:    CC14508 (Cardiovascular-System-Blood-Vessel-Pathology);
          CC20504 (Nervous-System-Physiology-and-Biochemistry);
          CC20506 (Nervous-System-Pathology);
          CC26502 (Animal-Production-General-Methods)
CC:    CC10612 (External-Effects-Physical-and-Mechanical-Effects)
Record 143 of 354 - BA on CD January-June 1994
TI:    Ethics and the clinician: The daily experience with motor neurone disease.
AU:    Carroll-Thomas-S
SO:    Palliative Medicine 7(4 SUPPL.): 11-13
PY:    1993
IS:    0269-2163
LA:    English
LS:    English French
DE:    JOURNAL ARTICLE; HUMAN; EUTHANASIA
CC:    CC00502 (General-Biology-Philosophy);
          CC12100 (Movement);
          CC17506 (Muscle-Pathology);
          CC20506 (Nervous-System-Pathology)
CC:    CC37012 (Public-Health-Health-Services-and-Medical-Care)
Record 144 of 354 - BA on CD January-June 1994
TI:    On the death.
AU:    Jusic-A
SO:    Acta Medica Croatica 47(1): 41-45
PY:    1993
IS:    1330-0164
LA:    English
LS:    English Serbo-Croatian
DE:    JOURNAL ARTICLE; HUMAN; ETHICS; EUTHANASIA; HOSPICE MOVEMENT; THERAPY
CC:    CC00502 (General-Biology-Philosophy);
          CC07004 (Behavioral-Biology-Human-Behavior);
          CC37012 (Public-Health-Health-Services-and-Medical-Care)
CC:    CC12512 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Therapy)
Record 145 of 354 - BA on CD July-December 1993
TI:    Cardiovascular effects of thoracic compression in horses subjected to euthanasia.
AU:    HUBBELL-J-A-E; MUIR-W-W; GAYNOR-J-S
SO:    EQUINE VETERINARY JOURNAL 25(4): 282-284
PY:    1993
LA:    English
AB:    Six horses scheduled for euthanasia were instrumented for the measurement of blood flow by thermodilution, pulmonary arterial, right atrial and arterial blood pressures and collection of arterial blood for pH and blood gas analysis. The horses were anaesthetised with intravenous (iv) thiamylal sodium (10 mg/kg) and placed in right lateral recumbency. After euthanasia with an overdose of pentobarbitone sodium (100 mg/kg, iv) and loss of the electrocardiogram and arterial pulse pressure, thoracic compression at rates of 40, 60 and 80 compressions/min was instituted. Thoracic compression was accomplished by an investigator who delivered a blow to the chest wall with his knee while dropping from a standing or crouching position. Compression rates of 40, 60 and 80/min produced blood flows of 5.65 +- 0.5, 6.33 +- 1.11 and 8.28 +- 2.16 litres/min, respectively. Comparison rates of 80/min produced significantly (P lt 0.05) greater blood flows and mean arterial blood pressures than did slower rates. The blood flows produced by 80 thoracic compressions/min were approximately 50% of those reported for deeply anaesthetised horses and while not sufficient to sustain life might be used to prolong life in order to facilitate distribution of resuscitative drugs to vital tissues.
DE:    BLOOD FLOW; THERMODILUTION; RESUSCITATION POTENTIAL
CC:    CC11312 (Chordate-Body-Regions-Thorax);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC14504 (Cardiovascular-System-Physiology-and-Biochemistry);
          CC15002 (Blood-Blood-Forming-Organs-and-Body-Fluids-Blood-and-Lymph-Studies);
          CC38004 (Veterinary-Science-Pathology)
Record 146 of 354 - BA on CD January - June 1993
TI:    Ethical issues in the ownership of companion animals: An empirical and normative analysis.
AU:    ENDENBURG-N; VORSTENBOSCH-J-M-G
SO:    VETERINARY QUARTERLY 14(4): 129-136
PY:    1992
LA:    English
AB:    This article deals with ethical aspects of companion animal ownership. Research was done by means of interviews (n = 40) and questionnaires (n = 871). Respondents were randomly chosen from Dutch telephone directories. Euthanasia, docking tails, ear clipping and sterilisation are discussed on the basis of the opinions of respondents. Owners of companion animals very often seem to have insufficient knowledge about animal behaviour. Companion animal owners as a group differ rather strongly in their moral opinions about the acceptability of certain actions towards animals. At the individual level also people are not always consequent in their reasoning as was illustrated by their opinions about ear clipping and the stopping of tail docking and vice versa. Respondents live in a community with animals and usually use a utilitarian balancing model. The different outcomes of the uses of this balancing model indicate how far the respondents are willing to adapt their life style to the needs of an animal; in other words to what extent intrinsic values and integrity are taken into account within the process of (re)creating a living community.
DE:    DOG; CAT; EUTHANASIA; TAIL DOCKING; EAR CLIPPING; STERILIZATION; BEHAVIOR
CC:    CC00502 (General-Biology-Philosophy);
          CC07003 (Behavioral-Biology-Animal-Behavior);
          CC07508 (Ecology-Environmental-Biology-Animal);
          CC38002 (Veterinary-Science-General-Methods)
Record 147 of 354 - BA on CD January - June 1993
TI:    Pediatric euthanasia.
AU:    ORLOWSKI-J-P; SMITH-M-L; VAN-ZWIENEN-J
SO:    AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DISEASES OF CHILDREN 146(12): 1440-1446
PY:    1992
LA:    English
AB:    Pediatric euthanasia is currently practiced in the Netherlands on newborns, infants, children, and adolescents, although exact numbers are not known. Euthanasia in the Netherlands is generally assumed to be active and voluntary, but some cases of pediatric euthanasia would have to be characterized as nonvoluntary. Much of the motivation behind the euthanasia movement and the performance of pediatric euthanasia in the Netherlands is a genuine, compassionate desire to alleviate pain and suffering. In this study, we review the Dutch experience, with particular attention to the current practice of euthanasia on newborns, infants, children, and adolescents. We discuss pediatric euthanasia from an ethical point of view. We assert that more effective pain control, better symptom management, and psychosocial support of the dying and their families would alleviate the perception of suffering, and reduce the perceived need to resort to euthanasia.
DE:    HUMAN; NEWBORN; CHILD; DISEASE; PEDIATRICS; PAIN ALLEVIATION; PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT; NETHERLANDS
CC:    CC05500 (Social-Biology-Human-Ecology);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC12512 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Therapy);
          CC20506 (Nervous-System-Pathology);
          CC21002 (Psychiatry-Psychopathology-Psychodynamics-and-Therapy);
          CC25000 (Pediatrics)
CC:    CC37012 (Public-Health-Health-Services-and-Medical-Care);
          CC37056 (Public-Health:-Epidemiology-Miscellaneous)
Record 148 of 354 - BA on CD July - December 1992
TI:    Italian neurologists and euthanasia: A poll.
AU:    CRISCI-C; GUARIGLIA-M; GARGANO-F; CARUSO-G
SO:    ITALIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES 13(5): 425-427
PY:    1992
LA:    English
LS:    In Engl. with Engl. and Ital. summ.
AB:    We have tried to sound out Italian neurologists regarding their attitude to euthanasia, a very controversial issue today. We gave a short multiple-choice questionnaire to neurologists attending a national conference, asking their opinion on some issues related to euthanasia. 75 (25%) of the 300 doctors polled completed the questionnaire. Answers were often contradictory. A trend in favor of passive euthanasia among the respondents and a strong demand for guidelines are evident. Emotional rather than professional or rational factors seem to play a major role in the approach to this dilemma.
DE:    HUMAN; MEDICAL ETHICS; ATTITUDE; ITALY
CC:    CC00502 (General-Biology-Philosophy);
          CC04500 (Mathematical-Biology-and-Statistical-Methods);
          CC07004 (Behavioral-Biology-Human-Behavior);
          CC21001 (Psychiatry-General-Medical-Psychology-and-Sociology);
          CC21003 (Psychiatry-Psychophysiology);
          CC37010 (Public-Health-Public-Health-Administration-and-Statistics);
          CC37012 (Public-Health-Health-Services-and-Medical-Care)
Record 149 of 354 - BA on CD July - December 1992
TI:    Euthanasia by decapitation: Evidence that this technique produces prompt, painless unconsciousness in laboratory rodents.
AU:    HOLSON-R-R
SO:    NEUROTOXICOLOGY AND TERATOLOGY 14(4): 253-257
PY:    1992
LA:    English
AB:    Rapid euthanasia of laboratory rodents without the use of anesthesia is a necessary research technique whenever there is the likelihood of anesthesia or stress interfering with the chemistry of the tissues under investigation. Decapitation has long been the procedure of choice under such circumstances. Recently, however, the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) panel on euthanasia recommended that decapitation be avoided on the grounds that the decapitated head may be conscious and suffering for as much as 15 seconds. The panel further recommended that if decapitation was scientifically necessary, the decapitated head be immediately immersed in liquid nitrogen. These AVMA guidelines now enjoy regulatory status; the recommendation that decapitation be avoided has thus caused considerable difficulty for all research requiring rapid, anesthesia-free collection of tissues. The scientific validity of these recommendations is consequently a matter of great practical as well as theoretical importance. The decision to discourage decapitation appears to have been based on a single literature report claiming that the EEG of the decapitated head revealed conscious suffering for more than 10 seconds (Mikeska and Klemm 1976). This review carefully examines the scientific literature on this subject. It is concluded that the report by Mikeska and Klemm of EEG activation in the decapitated head is correct, but that this phenomenon is also seen when the decapitated head is under deep anesthesia, and in normal brains under ether anesthesia or during REM sleep. Hence these findings do not demonstrate either consciousness or the perception of pain. Furthermore, a substantial body of research indicates that unconsciousness due to hypoxia must occur in the decapitated head in at most 6 and more probably less than 3 seconds. Moreover, even if the decapitated head is conscious for some seconds, high cervical section immediately severs sensory input from the head and neck region to the brain. Thus, the severed head is anatomically incapable of experiencing substantial pain in the region of major trauma. Finally, no evidence was found to support the recommendation that the severed head be immersed in liquid nitrogen. It is, accordingly, urged that the AVMA panel recognize that decapitation produces rapid, pain-free unconsciousness in rodents, and that they alter their recommendations to allow rodent decapitation without qualification. Due to the rapidity of unconsciousness, it is further urged that the disposition of the severed head be left up to the investigator, without requiring immersion in liquid nitrogen or any other mandatory technique.
DE:    ANIMAL CARE AND USE; HYPOXIA
CC:    CC00502 (General-Biology-Philosophy);
          CC10012 (Biochemistry-Gases);
          CC10504 (Biophysics-General-Biophysical-Techniques);
          CC11304 (Chordate-Body-Regions-Head);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC13003 (Metabolism-Energy-and-Respiratory-Metabolism);
          CC20504 (Nervous-System-Physiology-and-Biochemistry);
          CC20506 (Nervous-System-Pathology);
          CC28002 (Laboratory-Animals-General)
Record 150 of 354 - BA on CD July - December 1992
TI:    Progressive ethmoidal haematoma in horses.
AU:    LAING-J-A; HUTCHINS-D-R
SO:    AUSTRALIAN VETERINARY JOURNAL 69(3): 57-58
PY:    1992
LA:    English
AB:    Progressive ethmoidal haematoma was diagnosed in 12 Thoroughbreds, 1 part-Arab and 1 stock horse. Ages ranged from 3 to 18 years and both males and females were affected. Diagnosis was based on history, clinical signs, endoscopic and radiographic findings, and was confirmed histologically in 10 cases. Eleven (78%) of the lesions were unilateral and 3 (22%) were bilateral. Two horses were euthanased on diagnosis, 4 were treated conservatively. Of the latter, 3 were euthanased 6 to 24 months after diagnosis; due to progression of the lesions, while 1 case resolved completely within 13 months. Eight horses were treated by surgical excision of the lesion. Three died in the post-operative period, 3 were euthanased within 48 months after recurrence of the condition, and 2 had no recurrence within 60 and 72 months, respectively.
DE:    HEMATOMA; RECURRENCE; DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; CONSERVATIVE THERAPY; EUTHANASIA
CC:    CC11105 (Anatomy-and-Histology-General-and-Comparative-Surgery);
          CC12504 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Diagnostic);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC12512 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Therapy);
          CC14508 (Cardiovascular-System-Blood-Vessel-Pathology);
          CC15002 (Blood-Blood-Forming-Organs-and-Body-Fluids-Blood-and-Lymph-Studies);
          CC16006 (Respiratory-System-Pathology);
          CC18002 (Bones-Joints-Fasciae-Connective-and-Adipose-Tissue-Anatomy);
          CC38004 (Veterinary-Science-Pathology)
Record 151 of 354 - BA on CD July - December 1992
TI:    Comparison of effects of decapitation and anesthesia on metabolic and hormonal parameters in Sprague-Dawley rats.
AU:    BHATHENA-S-J
SO:    LIFE SCIENCES 50(21): 1649-1655
PY:    1992
LA:    English
AB:    The modes of euthanasia by either anesthesia or by decapitation were compared by assessing several metabolic and hormonal parameters from plasma and hormone receptors from liver plasma membranes. Two different anesthetics were used. Compared to decapitation, euthanasia by anesthesia significantly increased plasma glucose and triglyceride levels but not plasma cholesterol. Plasma insulin was also significantly increased by anesthetics. No significant differences were observed in plasma glucagon levels or insulin and glucagon receptors from liver plasma membranes between rats euthanized by decapitation and anesthesia. Glucagon reeptors were however, affected by dietary carbohydrates. It is concluded that in studies involving measurements of metabolic and hormonal parameters the use of anesthesia is to be avoided for euthanasia and that decapitation should be the method of choice.
DE:    GLUCAGON LEVEL; PLASMA INSULIN LEVEL; LIVER PLASMA MEMBRANE; PLASMA RECEPTOR; HORMONE RECEPTOR; DIETARY CARBOHYDRATES; EUTHANASIA
CC:    CC10508 (Biophysics-Membrane-Phenomena);
          CC11105 (Anatomy-and-Histology-General-and-Comparative-Surgery);
          CC11304 (Chordate-Body-Regions-Head);
          CC12502 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-General);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC13012 (Metabolism-Proteins-Peptides-and-Amino-Acids);
          CC13220 (Nutrition-Carbohydrates);
          CC17008 (Endocrine-System-Pancreas);
          CC20504 (Nervous-System-Physiology-and-Biochemistry);
          CC22024 (Pharmacology-Neuropharmacology);
          CC22504 (Toxicology-Pharmacological-Toxicology)
CC:    CC10064 (Biochemical-Studies-Proteins-Peptides-and-Amino-Acids);
          CC10068 (Biochemical-Studies-Carbohydrates)
Record 152 of 354 - BA on CD July - December 1991
TI:    Ethanol euthanasia and its effect on the binding of antibody generated against an immunogenic peptide construct.
AU:    LORD-R; JONES-G-L; SPENCER-L
SO:    RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE 51(2): 164-168
PY:    1991
LA:    English
AB:    Mice were immunised with an immunogenic peptide construct CKNNNSTNSGI coupled to diphtheria toxoid as a carrier. This peptide sequence contains the epitope STNS which is the target of inhibitory monoclonal antibodies directed against the second merozoite surface antigen of Plasmodium falciparum. Antisera raised against the peptide construct were taken using an injection of 70 per cent ethanol or sodium pentobarbitone as methods of euthanasia and these methods compared by determining their effects on the binding specificity of the antibody to the antigen using the immunological criteria of immunofluorescence, immunoblotting and ELISA assays. There was no significant decrease in antibody binding with either sodium pentobarbitone, or ethanol with a final concentration of less than 30 per cent in mouse antisera. Antisera with an added ethanol concentration of 40 to 60 per cent relaxed antibody conformation and this raises the possibility of using the differential effects of ethanol as a tool in mapping antigenic fine structure of a range of antibodies directed against defined epitopes. The cross-reactive response of non-specific antibodies in polyclonal antisera was lowered at the suggested dosage for ethanol euthanasia. Ethanol has immense potential as an alternative method of euthanasia when barbiturate drugs, such as sodium pentobarbitone, are unavailable in specific experimental protocols. This may especially aid research workers in developing countries involved in vaccine development, antibody production and subsequent serological analysis.
DE:    PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM; MOUSE
CC:    CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC13002 (Metabolism-General-Metabolism-Metabolic-Pathways);
          CC13012 (Metabolism-Proteins-Peptides-and-Amino-Acids);
          CC22003 (Pharmacology-Drug-Metabolism-Metabolic-Stimulators);
          CC22508 (Toxicology-Veterinary-Toxicology);
          CC34502 (Immunology-and-Immunochemistry-General-Methods);
          CC38004 (Veterinary-Science-Pathology)
CC:    CC10060 (Biochemical-Studies-General);
          CC10064 (Biochemical-Studies-Proteins-Peptides-and-Amino-Acids);
          CC10068 (Biochemical-Studies-Carbohydrates)
Record 153 of 354 - BA on CD July - December 1991
TI:    An overview of types of aggressive behavior in dogs and methods of treatment.
AU:    BLACKSHAW-J-K
SO:    APPLIED ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR SCIENCE 30(3-4): 351-362
PY:    1991
LA:    English
AB:    In 223 cases of dogs presented to a specialist behavioural clinic in Brisbane, Australia, 87 (39%) were for severe aggression. The classes of aggression included dominance (31.6%), territorial (29%), predatory (12.3%), intermale (12.3%), sibling rivalry (7.9%), fear biting (6%) and idiopathic rage (0.9%). The breeds most represented which attacked humans were the Bull Terrier (16%), German Shepherd and crosses (15%), Cattle dog breeds (Blue Heeler and crosses, 9.2%), Terrier breeds (9.2%), Labrador (8%), Poodle and Cocker Spaniel (both 5.7%) and Rottweiler (4.6%). The dangerous dog list put out by the local Brisbane City Council includes the first three breeds mentioned and the Rottweiler as the top four breeds causing aggression problems. Hospital records in Victoria and Queensland confirm that most damage is caused to humans by Bull Terriers and German Shepherds. Many breed similar to those in our study are also represented in American data on aggressive breeds. Treatments included obedience training only, restraint only, obedience and restraint, synthetic progestins and obedience, castration, progestins and obedience, castration and obedience, use of chlorpromazine and as a last resort, euthanasia (12.6%). Entire males formed the largest group (44%), followed by castrated males and females (both 21%) and spayed females (15%). Several breeds (Boxer, Briand, Samoyed and St. Bernard) only attacked other animals and birds. This study reinforces evidence that social disruption is caused by aggressive dogs, but it also indicates that many responsible clients seek advice on how to deal with this behavioural problem.
DE:    BULL TERRIER; GERMAN SHEPHERD; CATTLE DOG BREED; TERRIER BREED; LABRADOR; POODLE; COCKER; SPANIEL; ROTTWEILER; CHLORPROMAZINE; DOMINANCE; TERRITORIAL AGGRESSION; SIBLING RIVALRY; FEAR BITING; IDIOPATHIC RAGE; OBEDIENCE TRAINING; RESTRAINT; EUTHANASIA; CASTRATION; BRISBANE; AUSTRALIA
CC:    CC07003 (Behavioral-Biology-Animal-Behavior);
          CC07005 (Behavioral-Biology-Conditioning);
          CC11105 (Anatomy-and-Histology-General-and-Comparative-Surgery);
          CC12512 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Therapy);
          CC22024 (Pharmacology-Neuropharmacology);
          CC38004 (Veterinary-Science-Pathology)
CC:    CC00502 (General-Biology-Philosophy);
          CC10060 (Biochemical-Studies-General);
          CC16501 (Reproductive-System-General-Methods)
Record 154 of 354 - BA on CD January - June 1991
TI:    Evaluation of intraperitoneal and intrahepatic administration of a euthanasia agent in animal shelter cats.
AU:    GRIER-R-L; SCHAFFER-C-B
SO:    JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 197(12): 1611-1615
PY:    1990
LA:    English
AB:    One hundred eighty-one adult cats, with body weight gt 1.8 kg, were obtained from animal shelters, then were administered a sodium pentobarbital-lidocaine euthanasia agent by either the intraperitoneal (IP; n = 77) or intrahepatic (IH; n = 85) route. A preliminary study (n = 19 cats) indcated that most cats gave no indication of perception of injection (responding) if restraint was minimal and injection was rapid. During IP injection, 3 of the 77 cats (4%) responded (turned the head backward or vocalized). Of the 85 cats given IH injection, 8 (9%) responded; however, no response approached the magnitude of that observed after IM injection of ketamine hydrochloride. After either injection route, cats were observed for excitement (any exaggerated activites of stage-I and -II anesthesia eg, vocalizing, flopping, sneezing, licking, running, paddling), and after cardiac standstill, cats were necropsied to identify exact location (final site) of the injection. Of 53 initial IP injections, final site for 22 (42%) was in the peritoneal cavity (PC). Use of the sideport needle (n = 24) did not significantly increase accuracy of IP injection. The small and large intestines were penetrated by 27% (15/55) of the IP injections from the right side, and the spleen was penetrated by 32% (7/22) of the left-side injections. Intrahepatic injection was significantly (P lt 0.05) more accurate, with 70 of 85 (82%) of the final sites being the liver only, the liver/PC, or the PC only. Twenty-five percent (13/53) of IP injections resulted in excitement (all stage-I and -II anesthesia-exaggerated activities cumulative to 30 seconds). Final sites associated with excitement were spleen, small intestines, large intestine, and mesentery. Intrahepatic injection caused significantly (P = 0.007) less excitement, involving just 9% (8/85) of cats. Incoordination, recumbency, loss of pedal reflex, and cardiac standstill were significantly (P lt 0.05) prolonged in cats of the IP injection group. Mean +- SEM relevant values for cats of the IH injection group were times to: incoordination, 0.45 +- 0.14 minutes; recumbency, 1.11 +- 0.35 minutes; loss of pedal reflex, 3.45 +- 0.53 minutes, and cardiac standstill, 13.92 +- 0.92 minutes. When IH injection was entirely within the liver, recumbency was immediate. As a result of causing minimal response from injection, moderate accuracy, low rate of excitement, and rapid achievement of recumbency, IH injection (although not the recommended method for euthanasia) is an alternative method for animal shelter cats when a veterinarian is not available to administer euthanasia agents IV.
DE:    SODIUM PENTOBARBITAL-LIDOCAINE; KETAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE
CC:    CC11314 (Chordate-Body-Regions-Abdomen);
          CC14001 (Digestive-System-General-Methods);
          CC22024 (Pharmacology-Neuropharmacology);
          CC22100 (Routes-of-Immunization-Infection-and-Therapy);
          CC38002 (Veterinary-Science-General-Methods)
CC:    CC00502 (General-Biology-Philosophy);
          CC10060 (Biochemical-Studies-General)
Record 155 of 354 - BA on CD July - December 1990
TI:    The effect of mouse euthanasia technique on subsequent lymphocyte proliferation and cell mediated lympholysis assays.
AU:    HOWARD-H-L; MCLAUGHLIN-TAYLOR-E; HILL-R-L
SO:    LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE 40(5): 510-514
PY:    1990
LA:    English
AB:    The purpose of this study was to determine the effects that specific euthanasia methods have on mitogen induced lymphocyte proliferation (LP) and the induction of alloantigen specific cytolytic T-lymphocytes (CTL). Mice were euthanatized by cervical dislocation (CD), or anesthesia with methoxyflurane or pentobarbital followed by CD (M-CD or P-CD respectively), CO-2 overexposure (CO-2-OD) or halothane overexposure (H-OD). Mitogenic lymphoproliferation was increased in cells derived from mice euthanatized by M-CD and P-CD. In contrast, the cytolytic profile of CTL derived from mice euthanatized by P-CD, CO-2-OD and H-OD was decreased. The results of this study show that euthanasia techniques involving the use of methoxyflurane, pentobarbital, CO-2 and halothane affect in vitro lymphoproliferation and CTL function. We conclude that the method of euthanasia influences certain immunologic parameters and selection of a particular technique should be given careful consideration.
DE:    ANESTHESIA; METHOXYFLURANE; PENTOBARBITAL; CARBON DIOXIDE OVEREXPOSURE; HALOTHANE OVEREXPOSURE; CERVICAL DISLOCATION
CC:    CC02506 (Cytology-and-Cytochemistry-Animal);
          CC10612 (External-Effects-Physical-and-Mechanical-Effects);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC15004 (Blood-Blood-Forming-Organs-and-Body-Fluids-Blood-Cell-Studies);
          CC15008 (Blood-Blood-Forming-Organs-and-Body-Fluids-Lymphatic-Tissue-and-Reticuloendothelial-System);
          CC20501 (Nervous-System-General-Methods);
          CC20506 (Nervous-System-Pathology);
          CC22501 (Toxicology-General-Methods-and-Experimental);
          CC25508 (Developmental-Biology-Embryology-Morphogenesis-General);
          CC28002 (Laboratory-Animals-General);
          CC34508 (Immunology-and-Immunochemistry-Immunopathology-Tissue-Immunology)
CC:    CC10060 (Biochemical-Studies-General);
          CC11308 (Chordate-Body-Regions-Neck)
Record 156 of 354 - BA on CD July - December 1990
TI:    On the use of T61 for euthanasia of domestic and laboratory animals: An ethical evaluation.
AU:    HELLEBREKERS-L-J; BAUMANS-V; BERTENS-A-P-M-G; HARTMAN-W
SO:    LABORATORY ANIMALS 24(3): 200-204
PY:    1990
LA:    English
AB:    A number of experiments was carried out to determine the sequence of events leading to death following administration of the euthanizing agent T61. Simultaneous recordings of the EMG, EEG, ECG and end-tidal CO-2 (dogs only) were obtained in acutely instrumented rabbits and dogs. Results show that following T61 administration the loss of consciousness and loss of muscle activity occurred simultaneously. Vocalization and increased muscle movement occurred in the initial phase of the injection in 3 of 8 dogs, injected with T61 or butyramide. From this study it was concluded that the presence of the muscle relaxant does not pose an ethical problem for the use of T61 as an euthanizing agent, but our results suggest that the use of T61 may have some emotionally unpleasant side-effects.
DE:    RABBIT; DOG; BUTYRAMIDE; SODIUM PENTOBARBITAL
CC:    CC14501 (Cardiovascular-System-General-Methods);
          CC14504 (Cardiovascular-System-Physiology-and-Biochemistry);
          CC17501 (Muscle-General-Methods);
          CC17504 (Muscle-Physiology-and-Biochemistry);
          CC20501 (Nervous-System-General-Methods);
          CC20504 (Nervous-System-Physiology-and-Biochemistry);
          CC21001 (Psychiatry-General-Medical-Psychology-and-Sociology);
          CC22022 (Pharmacology-Muscle-System);
          CC22024 (Pharmacology-Neuropharmacology);
          CC22504 (Toxicology-Pharmacological-Toxicology);
          CC28002 (Laboratory-Animals-General);
          CC38002 (Veterinary-Science-General-Methods)
CC:    CC00502 (General-Biology-Philosophy);
          CC07003 (Behavioral-Biology-Animal-Behavior);
          CC10060 (Biochemical-Studies-General);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis)
Record 157 of 354 - BA on CD July - December 1990
TI:    Decision-making during terminal illnesses in children.
AU:    SAUGSTAD-O-D; NYGAARD-R
SO:    TIDSSKRIFT FOR DEN NORSKE LAEGEFORENING 110(16): 2084-2091
PY:    1990
LA:    Norwegian
LS:    In Norw. with Norw. and Engl. summ.
AB:    There should be a special obligation to shield children with a terminal illness from pain and from the psychological suffering when death is approaching. In spite of this, the child has the right to be informed about the prognosis and decisions taken concerning treatment. We discuss the difficult question of informed consent in pediatrics. Who can make an informed consent on behalf of a minor?. At which ages should a child make its own decisions concerning medical treatment ? In pediatrics there are certain circumstances where withdrawal of intensive medical care is justified. Examples are given from oncological and neuromuscular diseases, as well as from the neonatal period. We discuss how termination of intensive care could take place. The medical team should make the decision alone, but should never go against the parents' will. It is underlined that termination of intensive care in the above-mentioned circumstances is completely different from active euthanasia, which we strongly oppose.
DE:    PSYCHOLOGICAL SUFFERING; INFORMED CONSENT; ACTIVE EUTHANASIA
CC:    CC00502 (General-Biology-Philosophy);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC21003 (Psychiatry-Psychophysiology);
          CC25000 (Pediatrics)
CC:    CC07004 (Behavioral-Biology-Human-Behavior)
Record 158 of 354 - BA on CD July - December 1990
TI:    Active euthanasia in anesthesia and intensive care.
AU:    STEEN-P-A
SO:    TIDSSKRIFT FOR DEN NORSKE LAEGEFORENING 110(16): 2082-2083
PY:    1990
LA:    Norwegian
LS:    In Norw. with Norw. and Engl. summ.
AB:    Active euthanasia should not be part of medicine. As far as passive euthanasia is concerned, attention has been focused on dignified death, but more important is the question of what patients should benefit, and to what degree, from the limited resources available, but this is the general responsibility of leadership.
DE:    HUMAN; PASSIVE EUTHANASIA; DIGNIFIED DEATH
CC:    CC00502 (General-Biology-Philosophy);
          CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC20504 (Nervous-System-Physiology-and-Biochemistry);
          CC22005 (Pharmacology-Clinical-Pharmacology);
          CC22024 (Pharmacology-Neuropharmacology);
          CC37010 (Public-Health-Public-Health-Administration-and-Statistics);
          CC37012 (Public-Health-Health-Services-and-Medical-Care)
CC:    CC10060 (Biochemical-Studies-General)
Record 159 of 354 - BA on CD July - December 1990
TI:    Euthanasia and terminal care: In hospital.
AU:    SOLHEIM-K; KJOLSETH-I; NORDAL-H-L; MOLAUG-M
SO:    TIDSSKRIFT FOR DEN NORSKE LAEGEFORENING 110(15): 1957-1959
PY:    1990
LA:    Norwegian
LS:    In Norw. with Norw. and Engl. summ.
AB:    Euthanasia, i.e. active termination of life in a seriously ill patient, is not performed in Norway at present. Between active and so-called passive euthanasia there is a "grey zone", and it is discussed where the border should be drawn, how and by whom. The decision to treat or not is becoming increasingly difficult, due to technical advances in the development of life-supporting devices. There is increasing sympathy for the view that it is not the duty of the medical profession to prolong the life of patients under all circumstances. The present paper discusses such problems in relation to hospitalized patients in an acute life-threatening situation, and in patients with known, chronic disabling, or malignant disease.
DE:    HUMAN; CHRONIC DISEASE; MALIGNANCY; LIFE-SUPPORT SYSTEM; NORWAY
CC:    CC00502 (General-Biology-Philosophy);
          CC00508 (General-Biology-Institutions-Administration-and-Legislation);
          CC05500 (Social-Biology-Human-Ecology);
          CC24004 (Neoplasms-and-Neoplastic-Agents-Pathology-Clinical-Aspects-Systemic-Effects);
          CC37012 (Public-Health-Health-Services-and-Medical-Care)
CC:    CC10511 (Biophysics-Bioengineering)
Record 160 of 354 - BA on CD July - December 1990
TI:    The effect of euthanasia technique on vascular arachidonic acid metabolism and vascular and intestinal smooth muscle contractility.
AU:    BUTLER-M-M; GRIFFEY-S-M; CLUBB-F-J-JR; GERRITY-L-W; CAMPBELL-W-B
SO:    LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE 40(3): 277-283
PY:    1990
LA:    English
AB:    This study was designed to determine the effects that specific euthanasia methods have on vascular arachidonic acid metabolism and vascular and intestinal smooth muscle contractility. Rats were euthanatized by decapitation (DC), pentobarbital overdose (PB), or anesthesia with CO-2, methoxyfurane or ether followed by DC (CO-2-DC, Met-DC, Ether-DC, respectively). Rabbits were killed by a similar protocol, but CO-2 overexposure replaced Ether-DC. The rat and rabbit aortas produced mainly 6-keto PGF-1alpha, the prostacyclin metabolite, and lesser amounts of PGE-2. No qualitative differences were seen in arachidonate metabolites. However, aortic tissue from rabbits and rats killed by Met-DC produced more prostacyclin. In contrast, aorta from rabbits euthanatized by CO-2-DC produced less prostacyclin than controls, whereas aorta from rats killed in the same way yielded greater amounts of prostacyclin. Aortic tissue from rabbits killed by Met-DC and CO-2-OD was less responsive to acetylcholine (ACH). Intestinal contractility to ACH was increased in rabbits when Met-DC was used as the method of euthanasia, while colon from rats sacrified by Met-DC showed decreased responsiveness to ACH. Colon from rats killed by intraperitoneal PB exhibited altered contractility to ACH and norepinephrine. The results of this study show that methoxyflurane, carbon dioxide (rabbit) and pentobarbital (rat) alter the vascular synthesis of prostacyclin and smooth muscle contractility. We conclude that the method of euthanasia affects certain physiologic parameters and careful consideration should be given to selection of a particular euthanasia technique.
DE:    RAT; RABBIT; PENTOBARBITAL; METHOXYFLURANE; ETHER; CARBON DIOXIDE; DECAPITATION
CC:    CC12510 (Pathology-General-and-Miscellaneous-Necrosis);
          CC13006 (Metabolism-Lipids);
          CC14004 (Digestive-System-Physiology-and-Biochemistry);
          CC14504 (Cardiovascular-System-Physiology-and-Biochemistry);
          CC17002 (Endocrine-System-General);
          CC17504 (Muscle-Physiology-and-Biochemistry);
          CC22501 (Toxicology-General-Methods-and-Experimental);
          CC28002 (Laboratory-Animals-General)
CC:    CC10060 (Biochemical-Studies-General);
          CC10066 (Biochemical-Studies-Lipids);
          CC11304 (Chordate-Body-Regions-Head);
          CC12100 (Movement)
Record 161 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1996-7/97
TI:    Recommendations for euthanasia of experimental animals: part 2.
AU:    Close-B; Banister-K; Baumans-V; Bernoth-EM; Bromage-N; Bunyan-J; Erhardt-W; Flecknell-P; Gregory-N; Hackbarth-H; Morton-D; Warwick-C
SO:    Laboratory-Animals. 1997, 31: 1, 1-33.
PY:    1997
LA:    English
DE:    animal-welfare; guidelines-; legislation-; law-; euthanasia-; laboratory-animals; European-Union
IS:    0023-6772
Record 162 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1996-7/97
TI:    The no-kill controversy.
AU:    Milani-MM
SO:    Journal-of-the-American-Veterinary-Medical-Association. 1997, 210: 1, 26-27.
PY:    1997
LA:    English
DE:    veterinarians-; animal-behaviour; abnormal-behaviour; euthanasia-; professional-ethics; pets-
IS:    0003-1488
Record 163 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1996-7/97
TI:    Euthanasia of horses.
OT:    Die Euthanasie von Pferden.
AU:    Schneider-J
SO:    Praktische-Tierarzt. 1997, 78: 3, 206...210; 8 ref.
PY:    1997
LA:    German
LS:    English
DE:    slaughter-; regulations-; techniques-; legislation-; animal-welfare; euthanasia-
IS:    0032-681X
Record 164 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1996-7/97
TI:    Humane on-farm killing of spent hens.
AU:    Webster-AB; Fletcher-DL; Savage-SI
SO:    Journal-of-Applied-Poultry-Research. 1996, 5: 2, 191-200; 7 ref.
PY:    1996
LA:    English
AB:    A cost-effective and humane method for on-farm killing of old hens is described. A mobile modified atmosphere killing (MAK) unit was developed, consisting of a 21 ft.3 [6.4 m3] closed cart with spring-loaded doors through which hens can be placed inside. A carbon dioxide (CO2) cylinder is mounted on the unit so that CO2 can be dispensed into the interior, as needed, to maintain the concentration of CO2 above 30%, in order to stun and kill birds rapidly. The MAK unit is rolled along the isles of hen houses, so hens can be put into it directly from their cages, thus minimising handling stress. Hens become unconscious within 20 s and die within 2 min. The MAK unit has clear loading doors so that the operator can ensure birds are dying rapidly and thus can dispense CO2 accordingly and ensure that live hens are not overlain by other hens. The prototype MAK proved to be effective in on-farm trials and it is suggested that the efficiency of the unit should make it possible to recover the cost of the CO2 used to kill the hens.
DE:    euthanasia-; carbon-dioxide; hens-; animal-welfare; destruction-of-animals; poultry-
IS:    1056-6171
Record 165 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1996-7/97
TI:    Euthanasia: an animal-care protocol.
AU:    Raufer-B; Miller-M
SO:    Pork. 1997, 17: 2, 32...37.
PY:    1997
LA:    English
DE:    techniques-; pain-; euthanasia-; animal-welfare
IS:    0745-3787
Record 166 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1996-7/97
TI:    Social worker in an animal hospital. Report from the New York Animal Medical Center, USA.
AU:    Minami-T
SO:    Journal-of-Veterinary-Medicine,-Japan. 1996, 49: 9, 758-759; 3 ref.
PY:    1996
LA:    Japanese
DE:    social-workers; animal-hospitals; euthanasia-
IS:    0447-0192
Record 167 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1996-7/97
TI:    Recommendations for euthanasia of experimental animals: Part 1.
AU:    Close-B; Banister-K; Baumans-V; Bernoth-EM; Bromage-N; Bunyan-J; Erhardt-W; Flecknell-P; Gregory-N; Hackbarth-H; Morton-D; Warwick-C
SO:    Laboratory-Animals. 1996, 30: 4, 293-316; many ref.
PY:    1996
LA:    English
DE:    guidelines-; legislation-; animal-welfare; stunning-; laboratory-animals; euthanasia-
IS:    0023-6772
Record 168 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1996-7/97
TI:    Slaughtering methods for large mammals.
OT:    Avlivingsmetoder for store pattedyr.
AU:    Oen-EO
SO:    Norsk-Veterinaertidsskrift. 1996, 108: 5, 313-321; 47 ref.
PY:    1996
LA:    Norwegian
LS:    English
DE:    hunting-; techniques-; euthanasia-; stress-; animal-welfare; slaughter-
Record 169 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1996-7/97
TI:    Euthanasia as a current ethical problem in human and veterinary medicine.
OT:    Eutanazia ako eticky problem sucasnosti z aspektu humannej a veterinarskej mediciny.
AU:    Hvozdik-A
SO:    Slovensky-Veterinarsky-Casopis. 1996, 21: 6, 319-322; 11 ref.
PY:    1996
LA:    Slovakian
LS:    English
DE:    ethics-; euthanasia-; professional-ethics
Record 170 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1996-7/97
TI:    Use of hand guns by the veterinary profession.
AU:    Jones-E; Dyson-S; Jones-R
SO:    Equine-Veterinary-Education. 1996, 8: 6, 348-349.
PY:    1996
LA:    English
DE:    legislation-; detomidine-; euthanasia-
IS:    0957-7734
Record 171 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1996-7/97
TI:    Chemical euthanasia of horses.
AU:    Herbert-WJ
SO:    Veterinary-Record. 1996, 139: 4, 100.
PY:    1996
LA:    English
DE:    euthanasia-; magnesium-sulfate
IS:    0042-4900
Record 172 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1996-7/97
TI:    BEVA [British Equine Veterinary Association] guidelines for the destruction of horses under an all risks mortality insurance policy.
AU:    Mantell-JAR
SO:    Veterinary-Record. 1996, 139: 14, 352.
PY:    1996
LA:    English
AB:    The guidelines agreed by veterinary surgeons, veterinary consultants, insurance brokers and underwriters in the UK are presented.
DE:    euthanasia-; animal-insurance
IS:    0042-4900
Record 173 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1996-7/97
TI:    Euthanasia in the horse and the owner's distress.
OT:    Eutanasia del cavallo e ansia del proprietario.
AU:    Ferrari-A
SO:    Obiettivi-e-Documenti-Veterinari. 1996, 17: 9, Supplement, 19-20.
PY:    1996
LA:    Italian
DE:    veterinary-practice; euthanasia-
IS:    0392-1913
Record 174 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1996-7/97
TI:    Putting a stop to euthanasia [of feral cats]. Animal protection organization changes its policy.
OT:    Slut med aflivning. Dyrenes Beskyttelse skifter politik.
AU:    Petersen-LE
SO:    Dansk-Veterinaertidsskrift. 1996, 79: 20, 900-901.
PY:    1996
LA:    Danish
DE:    wild-animals; population-control; euthanasia-
Record 175 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1996-7/97
TI:    Arthropod succession in rats euthanized with carbon dioxide and sodium pentobarbital.
AU:    Patrican-LA; Vaidyanathan-R
SO:    Journal-of-the-New-York-Entomological-Society. 1995, 103: 2, 197-207; 25 ref.
PY:    1995
LA:    English
AB:    In central New York State, USA, arthropod succession was observed on whole rat carcasses euthanized by CO2 anoxia and sodium pentobarbital (SP) overdose. Adult Diptera accounted for 84% (417 of 494) of all arthropods collected, of which 76% (319 of 417) were Calliphoridae. Calliphorid oviposition on SP euthanized rats was protracted throughout the first 7 days of putrefaction compared to CO2 euthanized rats. Seventy-one percent (353 of 494) of adult arthropods were associated with SP euthanized rats and SP rats took twice as long to decompose. Arthropod succession and development on rat carcasses was most likely influenced by manner of death.
DE:    forensic-entomology; carbon-dioxide; succession-; carcasses-; anaesthetics-; carrion-; pentobarbital-; euthanasia-
IS:    0028-7199
Record 176 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1996-7/97
TI:    Euthanasia and the veterinarian.
AU:    Schneider-BJ
SO:    Canadian-Veterinary-Journal. 1996, 37: 4, 217-218; 3 ref.
PY:    1996
LA:    English
DE:    veterinarians-; stress-; moral-values; psychology-; ethics-; euthanasia-
IS:    0008-5286
Record 177 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1996-7/97
TI:    Factors affecting treatment decisions and satisfaction of owners of cats with cancer.
AU:    Slater-MR; Barton-CL; Rogers-KS; Peterson-JL; Harris-CK; Wallace-K
SO:    Journal-of-the-American-Veterinary-Medical-Association. 1996, 208: 8, 1248-1252; 14 ref.
PY:    1996
LA:    English
AB:    2 interviews with 89 cat owners, one soon after diagnosis of cancer in the cat and one 6 months later, were used to identify factors associated with the owners satisfaction with euthanasia or intervention, and to evaluate expectations of the owners who selected an intervention. Satisfaction with euthanasia was associated with the ability of the cat to groom itself, eat, and play at the first interview. Among owners who selected an intervention, factors associated with being satisfied were: clinic of origin, having a live cat at the 6-month follow-up interview, understanding of the number of return visits required for the intervention, and type and frequency of adverse effects. 30% (21 of 69) of the owners tended to overestimate their cats' life expectancy. Owners also felt they had reasonably accurate estimations of adverse effects of treatment and number of return visits, but underestimated the costs required for an intervention.
DE:    treatment-; euthanasia-; pets-; veterinary-services; neoplasms-
IS:    0003-1488
Record 178 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1996-7/97
TI:    ASV and euthanasia.
OT:    L'ASV et l'euthanasie.
AU:    Vullierme-JC
SO:    Pratique-Medicale-and-Chirurgicale-de-l'Animal-de-Compagnie. 1995, No. SUP 4, 31-32.
PY:    1995
LA:    French
LS:    English
DE:    euthanasia-; small-animal-practice; auxiliary-workers
Record 179 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1996-7/97
TI:    The human/horse bond and client bereavement in equine practice. Part 3.
AU:    Brackenridge-SS; Shoemaker-RS
SO:    Equine-Practice. 1996, 18: 4, 20-23; 11 ref.
PY:    1996
LA:    English
DE:    large-animal-practice; euthanasia-
IS:    0162-8941
Record 180 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1996-7/97
TI:    Animal shelter issues [concerning cats].
AU:    Luke-C
SO:    Journal-of-the-American-Veterinary-Medical-Association. 1996, 208: 4, 524-527; American Veterinary Medical Association Animal Welfare Forum, Chicago, Illinois, USA, 3 November 1995.; 1 ref.
PY:    1996
LA:    English
DE:    shelter-; euthanasia-; veterinary-services; kittens-; identification-; stray-animals; sterilization-; vaccination-; animal-welfare
IS:    0003-1488
Record 181 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1996-7/97
TI:    The human/horse bond and client bereavement in equine practice, Part 1.
AU:    Brackenridge-SS; Shoemaker-RS
SO:    Equine-Practice. 1996, 18: 1, 19-22.
PY:    1996
LA:    English
DE:    veterinary-practice; euthanasia-; veterinarians-
IS:    0162-8941
Record 182 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1996-7/97
TI:    Emotional responses of animal shelter workers to euthanasia.
AU:    White-DJ; Shawhan-R
SO:    Journal-of-the-American-Veterinary-Medical-Association. 1996, 208: 6, 846-849; 8 ref.
PY:    1996
LA:    English
DE:    workers-; euthanasia-; occupational-hazards; destruction-of-animals
IS:    0003-1488
Record 183 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1996-7/97
TI:    Biting dogs and difficult clients - conflict situations in small animal practice.
OT:    Bissige Hunde und Schwierige Patientbesitzer.
AU:    Steidl-T
SO:    Praktische-Tierarzt. 1996, 77: 3, 233...242.
PY:    1996
LA:    German
LS:    English
DE:    animal-behaviour; restraint-of-animals; emergencies-; anaesthesia-; euthanasia-; aggression-; small-animal-practice; pets-
IS:    0032-681X
Record 184 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1996-7/97
TI:    Unwanted pets: disposal of dogs and cats in a provincial Australian city.
AU:    Murray-RW; Speare-R
SO:    Australian-Veterinary-Practitioner. 1995, 25: 2, 68-72; 4 ref.
PY:    1995
LA:    English
AB:    During August, 1991, 328 pets (206 dogs, 116 cats and 6 others) were killed in the adjacent cities of Townsville and Thuringowa for humanitarian and animal control reasons. Of these, private veterinary clinics accounted for 52% of the dogs and 57% of the cats, while an animal shelter handled the rest. The dogs killed at the animal shelter were significantly younger than those at the veterinary clinics (mean ages 1.4 years and 4.7 years, respectively), a greater percentage were sexually entire and a greater percentage were killed because they were unwanted (73.7% vs. 15%). Cats killed at the shelter were much younger than those killed at the clinics (mean ages 0.9 years and 6.3 years, respectively). Estimates of the numbers of dogs and cats disposed of in the cities of Townsville and Thuringowa for the 12 months from September, 1990 to August 1991 were 2533 dogs and 2385 cats, representing about 12% of the estimated total population.
DE:    pets-; disposal-; euthanasia-; veterinary-practice; shelters-; age-; animal-welfare; destruction-of-animals
IS:    0310-138X
Record 185 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1996-7/97
TI:    Considerations in the euthanasia of reptiles, amphibians and fish.
AU:    Burns-R
SO:    Proceedings, American Association of Zoo Veterinarians, Wildlife Disease Association, American Association of Wildlife Veterinarians. Joint Conference, East Lansing, Michigan, August 12-17, 1995. 1995, 243-249; 34 ref.
PY:    1995
LA:    English
DE:    zoo-animals; pain-; destruction-of-animals; euthanasia-
Record 186 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1996-7/97
TI:    The art of veterinary practice: a guide to client communication.
AU:    Milani-MM
SO:    1995, xiv + 294 pp.; many ref.
PY:    1995
LA:    English
AB:    The fact that the client-patient-veterinarian relationship is not only seen as a subject to light-hearted jokes, is probably a sign of the times, and this author takes a timely and serious look at this often neglected area of veterinary practice. The book provides not only practical advice on how to cope with difficult clients, euthanasia, animal rights, alternative therapies and fees but addresses the deeper issues of practitioner burnout, owner-animal relationship and owner's guilt providing, new and refreshing insights into these unspoken aspects of a veterinarian's life. All in all a good bedtime read for both large and small animal practitioners. The author is a veterinary practitioner herself and her own experience gives the book a touch of reality. The book has a subject index and a valuable collection of references.
DE:    patients-; veterinarians-; death-; euthanasia-; injuries-; animal-welfare; fees-; therapy-; animal-behaviour; veterinary-practice; communication-
IB:    0-8122-3260-7
Record 187 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1996-7/97
TI:    Methods of euthanasia.
OT:    Metdos de eutanasia.
AU:    Marques-Fontes-E
SO:    Revista-Portuguesa-de-Ciencias-Veterinarias. 1995, 90: 515, 104-109; 8 ref.
PY:    1995
LA:    Portuguese
LS:    English, French
DE:    veterinary-medicine; euthanasia-
Record 188 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1996-7/97
TI:    Laboratory animals: an introduction for experimenters.
AU:    Tuffery-AA
SO:    1995, Ed. 2, xiii + 392 pp.; 17 contributors.
PY:    1995
LA:    English
AB:    Developments in laboratory animal science since 1987 are incorporated in this new edition, the purpose of which is to accompany training courses for those in charge of laboratory animals. Basic topics are the supply, housing, feeding and handling of rats, mice, guineapigs, rabbits, hamsters, dogs, cats and other animals. Legislation controlling their use in various countries, design of experiments, anaesthesia and euthanasia are included.
DE:    animal-experiments; housing-; feeding-; legislation-; anaesthesia-; euthanasia-; laboratory-animals
IB:    0-471-95257-5
Record 189 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1996-7/97
TI:    The veterinarian and euthanasia of pet animals. Deontological and legal aspects.
OT:    Il veterinario e l'eutanasia negli animali da compagnia. Aspetti deontologici e medico legali.
AU:    Ferrari-A; Iorio-A
SO:    Annali-della-Facolta-di-Medicina-Veterinaria,-Universita-di-Parma. 1994, 14: 311-313.
PY:    1994
LA:    Italian
DE:    legislation-; veterinary-profession; euthanasia-; professional-ethics
Record 190 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1996-7/97
TI:    Papillary meningioma in the caudal fossa of a dog.
AU:    Fernandez-T; Anor-S; Gomez-L; Borras-D; Rios-A; Pumarola-M
SO:    Progress-in-Veterinary-Neurology. 1995, 6: 3, 85-87; 17 ref.
PY:    1995
LA:    English
DE:    brain-; neoplasms-; euthanasia-; diagnosis-; symptoms-; case-reports; nervous-system-diseases
IS:    1061-575X
Record 191 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1996-7/97
TI:    Urinary bladder eversion with hydronephrosis and renal failure in a beef cow.
AU:    Friesen-CH; Theoret-CL; Barber-SM
SO:    Canadian-Veterinary-Journal. 1995, 36: 11, 710-711; 7 ref.
PY:    1995
LA:    English
DE:    urinary-tract-diseases; bladder-; kidneys-; renal-failure; cows-; case-reports; diagnosis-; complications-; euthanasia-; pathology-; bladder-diseases; kidney-diseases
IS:    0008-5286
Record 192 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1996-7/97
TI:    Raising the profile of welfare: scientists and their use of animals.
AU:    Birke-L; Michael-M
SO:    Anthrozoos. 1995, 8: 2, 90-99; 24 ref.
PY:    1995
LA:    English
DE:    animal-experiments; euthanasia-; legislation-; ethics-; animal-behaviour; laboratory-animals; animal-welfare
Record 193 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1995
TI:    Basic biomethodology.
AU:    Bivin-WS; Manning-PJ (ed.); Ringler-DH (ed.); Newcomer-CE
SO:    The-biology-of-the-laboratory-rabbit. 1994, Ed. 2, 71-86; 102 ref.
PY:    1994
LA:    English
DE:    laboratory-animals; restraint-; sampling-; specimen-handling; blood-; cerebrospinal-fluid; urine-; milk-; drugs-; surgery-; artificial-insemination; euthanasia-; pathology-; histopathology-; brain-; animal-experiments
IB:    0-12-469235-4
Record 194 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1995
TI:    Euthanasia agents and procedures used in the humane slaughter of domestic and other animals.
OT:    Evcil ve diger hayvanlarin insancil olarak oldurulmesinde kullanilan otanazi maddeleri ve yontemleri.
AU:    Kaya-S; Baydan-E
SO:    Veteriner-Hekimler-Dernegi-Dergisi. 1995, 66: 1, 54-62; 20 ref.
PY:    1995
LA:    Turkish
LS:    English
DE:    neuroleptics-; furbearing-animals; zoo-animals; slaughter-; euthanasia-
Record 195 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1995
TI:    Client counseling in orthopedic emergencies.
AU:    Brackenridge-SS; Kirby-BM; Johnson-SW
SO:    Veterinary-Clinics-of-North-America,-Small-Animal-Practice. 1995, 25: 5, 1047-1058; 7 ref.
PY:    1995
LA:    English
DE:    emergencies-; pets-; euthanasia-; economics-; prognosis-; animal-welfare; trauma-; orthopaedics-
IS:    0195-5616
Record 196 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1995
TI:    The cotton rat in biomedical research.
AU:    Prince-GA
SO:    Animal-Welfare-Information-Center-Newsletter. 1994, 5: 2, 3-5.
PY:    1994
LA:    English
DE:    human-diseases; poliomyelitis-; anaesthesia-; euthanasia-; blood-specimen-collection; animal-experiments; pneumonia-; laboratory-animals; disease-models; parasites-; helminths-
IS:    1050-561X
Record 197 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1995
TI:    The use of a shotgun for the emergency slaughter or euthanasia of large mature pigs.
AU:    Blackmore-DK; Bowling-MC; Madie-P; Nutman-A; Barnes-GRG; Davies-AS; Donoghue-M; Kirk-EJ
SO:    New-Zealand-Veterinary-Journal. 1995, 43: 4, 134-137; 6 ref.
PY:    1995
LA:    English
AB:    The isolated heads of a Friesian bull and three large, Large White pigs were shot from various aspects with a 12-gauge shotgun using both a single 28g solid lead projectile and buckshot, the latter consisting of 9 individual lead pellets with a combined mass of 28g. The sites of impact to the skull included the conventional frontal region, an occipital site and immediately behind the ear. A live mature Large White sow was shot with buckshot in the depression just caudal to the right ear, resulting in immediate insensibility and death. The damage caused to the isolated heads indicated that similar effects could be expected if the heads had been part of intact living animals. It is suggested that buckshot fired from a 12-gauge shotgun may be suitable for the emergency slaughter or euthanasia of a wide variety of domestic livestock and other species of animal.
DE:    slaughtering-equipment; destruction-of-animals; euthanasia-; stunning-; slaughter-; emergencies-
IS:    0048-0169
Record 198 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1995
TI:    Electroencephalographic studies on the nape shooting of sheep.
AU:    Blackmore-DK; Daly-CC; Cook-CJ
SO:    New-Zealand-Veterinary-Journal. 1995, 43: 4, 160-163; 13 ref.
PY:    1995
LA:    English
AB:    The implications of shooting animals in the area of the occipito-atlantal junction was evaluated in 3 sheep by recording changes in the EEG activity. All 3 animals were shot with a 5.6 mm calibre rifle using solid lead bullets with an estimated muzzle velocity of 950 m/s. In the first sheep, due to incorrect aiming of the rifle, the bullet passed below the cervical vertebra. In the second sheep, a shot which entered the occipito-atlantal junction and fractured the first cervical vertebra failed to produce insensibility. In contrast, a shot in the third sheep which struck the occipital condyles of the skull resulted in loss of cortical evoked responses, the presence of high amplitude low frequency activity and ultimately all loss of brain activity. It is concluded that shooting through the vertebral column does not necessarily transmit sufficient percussive forces to higher brain regions to produce immediate insensibility. It is suggested that this has important implications for the humane destruction of animals, particularly, as in the cases of cetaceans, where the occipito-atlantal junction or a high neck position is a recommended target area.
DE:    electroencephalography-; spinal-cord; central-nervous-system; destruction-of-animals; animal-welfare; euthanasia-; stunning-
IS:    0048-0169
Record 199 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1995
TI:    The use of a shotgun for euthanasia of stranded cetaceans.
AU:    Blackmore-DK; Madie-P; Bowling-MC; Nutman-A; Davies-AS; McLeod-WR; Taylor-J; Degen-M
SO:    New-Zealand-Veterinary-Journal. 1995, 43: 4, 158-159; 2 ref.
PY:    1995
LA:    English
DE:    destruction-of-animals; wild-animals; euthanasia-
IS:    0048-0169
Record 200 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1995
TI:    Ways of destroying vertebrate pets and laboratory animals from a veterinary point of view and in accordance with animal protection legislation.
OT:    Moglichkeiten zur Totung von Heim- und Versuchstieren (Wirbeltiere) aus tierarztlicher Sicht und unter Beachtung der Anforderungen der Tierschutzgesetzgebung.
AU:    Harms-NE
SO:    1994, 165 pp.; 15 pp. of ref.
PY:    1994
LA:    German
LS:    English
DE:    euthanasia-; legislation-; barbiturates-; pets-; laboratory-animals; ethics-; veterinary-jurisprudence; pain-; destruction-of-animals
Record 201 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1995
TI:    Destruction methods for large poultry flocks.
OT:    Toten grosser Geflugelbestande.
AU:    Dayen-M
SO:    48.-Fachgesprach-der-Fachgruppe-"Geflugelkrankheiten,-Hannover,-4.-5.-Mai-1995. 1995, 106-110.
PY:    1995
LA:    German
LS:    English
DE:    euthanasia-; electrocution-; carbon-dioxide; stunning-; slaughter-; animal-welfare; destruction-of-animals
IB:    3-930511-13-4
Record 202 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1995
TI:    The recumbent horse.
AU:    Firth-EC
SO:    Publication -Veterinary-Continuing-Education,-Massey-University. 1993, No. 148, 13-20; Proceedings of a course on Equine Emergencies in General Practice, held at Auckland Airport travel Lodge, May 1993.; 2 ref.
PY:    1993
LA:    English
DE:    fractures-; laminitis-; tetanus-; nervous-system-diseases; spinal-cord; septicaemia-; starvation-; euthanasia-; posture-; horse-diseases
IS:    0112-9643
Record 203 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1995
TI:    Euthanasia of horses - alternatives to the bullet.
AU:    Knottenbelt-D
SO:    In-Practice. 1995, 17: 10, 462...464; 4 ref.
PY:    1995
LA:    English
DE:    barbiturates-; animal-welfare; preanaesthetic-medication; euthanasia-
IS:    0263-841X
Record 204 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1995
TI:    Euthanasia in animals.
OT:    Eutanazja zwierzat.
AU:    Prost-EK
SO:    Medycyna-Weterynaryjna. 1995, 51: 5, 263-270; 21 ref.
PY:    1995
LA:    Polish
DE:    pets-; animal-welfare; injectable-anaesthetics; euthanasia-
IS:    0025-8628
Record 205 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1995
TI:    AVMA guidelines for responding to clients with special needs.
SO:    Journal-of-the-American-Veterinary-Medical-Association. 1995, 206: 7, 961-976; 34 ref.
PY:    1995
LA:    English
DE:    euthanasia-; allergies-; small-animal-practice; acquired-immune-deficiency-syndrome; pets-; aggressive-behaviour; veterinary-practice
IS:    0003-1488
Record 206 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1995
TI:    The veterinarian's role in animal welfare.
SO:    1992, 12 pp.
PY:    1992
LA:    English
AB:    This booklet outlines the American Veterinary Medical Association's position on animal welfare and animal rights and covers companion animals, horses, animals used in research and food animals. It replaces the 2 separate booklets published previously by the AVMA on the same issues.
DE:    veterinary-profession; guidelines-; pets-; cocks-; laboratory-animals; poultry-; housing-; husbandry-; racing-animals; amputation-; ear-cropping; euthanasia-; transport-of-animals; castration-; animal-welfare
Record 207 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1995
TI:    Miscellaneous factors affecting health and welfare.
AU:    Arena-PC; Warwick-C; Warwick-C (ed.); Frye-FL (ed.); Murphy-JB
SO:    Health-and-welfare-of-captive-reptiles. 1995, 263-283; 55 ref.
PY:    1995
LA:    English
DE:    stress-; pain-; thermoregulation-; light-; growth-; euthanasia-; slaughter-; animal-welfare
IB:    0-412-55080-6
Record 208 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1995
TI:    Creating change to improve animal welfare in the United States.
AU:    Hart-LA; Landicho-EF (ed.); Maala-CP (ed.); Mateo-AAB (ed.); Vilacorte-EZV
SO:    Proceedings 8th Congress of the Federation of Asian Veterinary Associations, 21-25 November 1992, The Manila Hotel Manila, Philippines. 1992, 807-814; 20 ref.
PY:    1992
LA:    English
DE:    euthanasia-; animal-experiments; laboratory-animals; pets-; surgery-; sterilization-; animal-welfare
IB:    971-91326-0-4
Record 209 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1995
TI:    The benefits of pets and the human animal bond.
AU:    Kibble-RM; Landicho-EF (ed.); Maala-CP (ed.); Mateo-AAB (ed.); Vilacorte-EZV
SO:    Proceedings 8th Congress of the Federation of Asian Veterinary Associations, 21-25 November 1992, The Manila Hotel Manila, Philippines. 1992, 818-832.
PY:    1992
LA:    English
DE:    small-animal-practice; veterinary-jurisprudence; guidelines-; veterinary-profession; identification-; euthanasia-; pets-; animal-welfare
IB:    971-91326-0-4
Record 210 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1995
TI:    Destruction of large poultry flocks by using carbon dioxide.
OT:    Totung grosserer Geflugelbestande mittels CO2.
AU:    Pass-G; Siegmann-O
SO:    DVG-46.-Fachgesprach-der-Fachgruppe-"Geflugelkrankheiten"-Hannover,-Germany,-im-May-1994. 1994, 65-69.
PY:    1994
LA:    German
LS:    English
DE:    poultry-; carbon-dioxide; euthanasia-
IB:    3-924851-99-9
Record 211 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1995
TI:    An improved method of carbon dioxide euthanasia for rodents.
AU:    Bowyer-G; Cubitt-S
SO:    Animal-Technology. 1995, 46: 1, 19-28; 1 ref.
PY:    1995
LA:    English
DE:    laboratory-animals; animal-welfare; carbon-dioxide; euthanasia-
IS:    0264-4754
Record 212 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1995
TI:    Euthanasia of day-old chicks with carbon dioxide and argon.
AU:    Raj-ABM; Whittington-PE
SO:    Veterinary-Record. 1995, 136: 12, 292-294; 5 ref.
PY:    1995
LA:    English
AB:    The efficacy for the euthanasia of day-old chicks of mixtures of carbon dioxide and air, or carbon dioxide and argon containing 1, 2 or 5% residual oxygen, or argon containing 1 or 2% residual oxygen was tested in 3 experiments. The time to the onset of unconsciousness of individual chicks, determined from the time to loss of posture, was similar during their exposure to 2% oxygen in argon, 20, 30 or 40% carbon dioxide in argon with 2% residual oxygen, or 90% carbon dioxide in air. The exposure of chicks in batches of 20 to a mixture of 20, 30 or 40% carbon dioxide in argon resulted in the death of all the chicks within 2 minutes. However, a residual oxygen level of 5% in these mixtures resulted in the survival of some chicks for longer than 2 minutes. With argon alone the level of residual oxygen was critical; less than 2% was essential to achieve 100% mortality within 3 minutes, and a rise from 2 to about 3% resulted in up to 20% of the chicks surviving for 7 minutes.
DE:    carbon-dioxide; euthanasia-; chicks-; argon-; animal-welfare
IS:    0042-4900
Record 213 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1995
TI:    Evaluation of methods for the euthanasia of cattle in a foreign animal disease outbreak.
AU:    Baker-HJ; Scrimgeour-HJ
SO:    Canadian-Veterinary-Journal. 1995, 36: 3, 160-165; 7 ref.
PY:    1995
LA:    English
LS:    French
AB:    In anticipation of the need to kill large numbers of cattle in the event of a foreign animal disease outbreak, 2 models of captive bolt gun and various firearms and ammunition loads were tested in order to assess their suitability. In the first phase of the project, 2 models of captive bolt stunner were used in an abattoir, and assessed for effectiveness. In the second phase, several firearms and ammunition were used on isolated bovine heads and assessed for effectiveness. Little difference was found between the 2 captive bolt stunners. Of the firearms and ammunition evaluated, the Ruger Mini-14 and the Core-Shot round, a prefragmented projectile, were large herds of livestock are to depopulated, and where the restraint required for the use of captive bolt stunners is not practical, there are commercially available firearms and ammunition that are suitable for this purpose.
DE:    techniques-; euthanasia-
IS:    0008-5286
Record 214 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1995
TI:    Population dynamics and the risk of euthanasia for dogs in an animal shelter.
AU:    Patronek-GJ; Glickman-LT; Moyer-MR
SO:    Anthrozoos. 1995, 8: 1, 31-43; 20 ref.
PY:    1995
LA:    English
AB:    The records of dogs in an animal shelter in Chester County, Pennsylvania were analyzed for a 3.5-year period to describe the canine population dynamics and to identify the risk factors for dogs' failure to be reclaimed or to be euthanized. Dogs  1 year of age accounted for the majority (72.5%) of incoming dogs. 41% of dogs received by the shelter were purebred. The 6 most common breeds were Labrador Retriever (14.6%), German Shepherd (9.8%), Golden Retriever (7.5%), Beagle (7.1%), Cocker Spaniel (5.5%), and Siberian Husky (5.3%), accounting for 50% of all incoming purebred dogs. Nearly one fifth (17.2%) of the live surrendered dogs were brought in by their owners specifically to be euthanized. A similar proportion (18.8%) of adopted dogs were returned to the shelter. 52% of surrendered dogs and 77% of stray dogs were discharged alive from the shelter (53.8% of stray dogs were returned to their owners). The reclaim rate was lowest (10.8%) for the dogs < 4 months of age, and highest (68.8%) for dogs  10 years of age. 67.7% of purebred dogs were reclaimed by their owners, compared with 41.2% of mixed breed dogs. More purebred dogs were reclaimed the same day they were admitted than mixed breed dogs (46.1% vs. 38.0%). Approximately 60% of all stray dogs  1 year old were reclaimed each month while only 23.2% of dogs less than 1 year were reclaimed. Mixed breed dogs were 1.8 times more as likely to be euthanized as purebred dogs. The risk of euthanasia increased with age for mixed breed dogs, but not for purebred dogs. Purebred dogs  3 years old were at an increased risk of euthanasia only when compared with dogs < 4 months of age. Of the dogs that were adopted, purebred dogs < 1 year of age spent fewer days (4.27) in the shelter than mixed breed dogs < 1 year (5.94), purebred dogs  1 year (5.92), or mixed breed dogs  1 year (10.06). Approximately one fifth (19.4%) of purebred dogs were adopted through a breed rescue group.
DE:    pets-; animal-welfare; age-; breeds-; euthanasia-; risk-factors
Record 215 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1995
TI:    Risk factors for behavior-related euthanasia among dominant-aggressive dogs: 110 cases (1989-1992).
AU:    Reisner-IR; Erb-HN; Houpt-KA
SO:    Journal-of-the-American-Veterinary-Medical-Association. 1994, 205: 6, 855-863; 18 ref.
PY:    1994
LA:    English
AB:    Establishing a prognosis for dogs with dominance-related aggression is difficult. Some dominant-aggressive dogs respond well to treatment but others continue to be a serious risk for their owners. A study was performed to identify characteristics of dominance-related aggression and to identify risk factors associated with whether the aggressive behaviour led to euthanasia. Medical records of 110 dogs with dominance-related aggression were examined retrospectively; characteristics of owner-directed aggression and eventual outcome of the dogs were recorded. By means of logistic regression, 2 different models were found to describe the association between behaviour characteristics and outcome. In the first model, severe aggression in response to benign dominance challenges and body weight >18.2 kg were associated with outcome. In the second model, unpredictability of aggression and a history of being purchased were associated with outcome. It is concluded that dominance-related aggressive behaviour can be subclassified according to severity and type and that outcome (ie, euthanasia) may be predictable in some cases.
DE:    bites-; pets-; abnormal-behaviour; aggression-; euthanasia-
IS:    0003-1488
Record 216 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1995
TI:    Euthanasia how do you handle it?
AU:    Lee-L; Lee-M
SO:    In-Practice. 1994, 16: 6, 334-337.
PY:    1994
LA:    English
DE:    veterinary-practice; veterinary-services; euthanasia-
IS:    0263-841X
Record 217 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1995
TI:    Ethical and legal qustions on the killing of animals to prevent considerable pain and suffering.
OT:    Ethische und rechtliche Fragen bei der Totung von Tieren zur Vermeidung erheblicher Schmerzen und Leiden.
AU:    Mobius-G
SO:    Deutsche-Tierarztliche-Wochenschrift. 1994, 101: 9, 372-376; 44 ref.
PY:    1994
LA:    German
LS:    English
DE:    legislation-; pain-; veterinary-practice; professional-ethics; animal-welfare; euthanasia-
Record 218 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1995
TI:    The attachment of humans to pets and their reactions to pet death.
AU:    Podberscek-AL; Blackshaw-JK
SO:    Canine-Practice. 1994, 19: 5, 16-19; 26 ref.
PY:    1994
LA:    English
DE:    euthanasia-; pets-
IS:    1057-6622
Record 219 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1995
TI:    Facilitating euthanasia decisions.
AU:    Butler-C; Lagoni-L
SO:    Compendium-on-Continuing-Education-for-the-Practicing-Veterinarian. 1994, 16: 11, 1469-1475, 1489; 3 ref.
PY:    1994
LA:    English
DE:    euthanasia-; small-animal-practice; pets-
IS:    0193-1903
Record 220 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1995
TI:    Humane killing of dogs using electricity.
OT:    Sacrificio humanitario de perros por medio de energia electrica.
AU:    Ayala-Guerrero-F; Padilla-Sahagun-G; Uribe-Villagomez-E; Aluja-AS-de; De-Aluja-AS
SO:    Archivos-de-Medicina-Veterinaria. 1994, 25: 1, 51-54; 14 ref.
PY:    1994
LA:    Spanish
LS:    English
DE:    small-animal-practice; electricity-; euthanasia-
IS:    0301-732X
Record 221 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1993-1994
TI:    Euthanasia and the human-equine bond.
AU:    Lawrence-EA
SO:    Equine-Practice. 1993, 15: 10, 34...44; 8 ref.
PY:    1993
LA:    English
DE:    horse-diseases; veterinary-practice; euthanasia-
IS:    0162-8941
Record 222 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1993-1994
TI:    Equine euthanasia: human-animal bond aspects.
AU:    Lawrence-EA
SO:    Proceedings-of-the-Annual-Convention-of-the-American-Association-of-Equine-Practitioners. 1993, 38: 95-103; 8 ref.
PY:    1993
LA:    English
DE:    euthanasia-
IS:    0065-7182
Record 223 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1993-1994
TI:    Equine euthanasia.
AU:    Pascoe-PJ
SO:    Proceedings-of-the-Annual-Convention-of-the-American-Association-of-Equine-Practitioners. 1993, 38: 105-112; 9 ref.
PY:    1993
LA:    English
DE:    racehorses-; pentobarbital-; euthanasia-
IS:    0065-7182
Record 224 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1993-1994
TI:    Euthanasia of small animals in hospitals and research facilities.
AU:    Joseph-DB
SO:    Veterinary-Technician. 1993, 14: 8, 507-511; 5 ref.
PY:    1993
LA:    English
DE:    professional-ethics; injectable-anaesthetics; inhaled-anaesthetics; laboratory-animals; stunning-; destruction-of-animals; euthanasia-
IS:    8750-8990
Record 225 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1993-1994
TI:    A study of different euthanasia techniques in guinea pigs, rats and mice. Animal response and postmortem findings.
AU:    Iwarsson-K; Rehbinder-C
SO:    Scandinavian-Journal-of-Laboratory-Animal-Science. 1993, 20: 4, 191-205; 33 ref.
PY:    1993
LA:    English
LS:    Swedish, Finnish
AB:    Different killing techniques for guineapigs, rats and mice were compared using 24 animals for each species. Stunning by a blow to the back of the neck (guineapigs), decapitation with guillotine (rats) and cervical dislocation (mice) were judged to be followed by immediate unconsciousness rapidly followed by a cessation of breathing. If possible, animals should be sedated or lightly anaesthetized before death using a physical method. Physical methods induced local traumatic damage (neck, brain, meninges) as well as changes in the respiratory organs, especially the lungs (emphysema, bleeding, blood and fodder aspiration). Intraperitoneal overdose of pentobarbital (150 mg/kg body weight) was followed by a calm induction within 2-3 min and a cessation of breathing within 8-11 min with considerable individual variation. Morphologically, acute degenerative lesions in myocardial muscle cells and circulatory changes in the kidney cortex as well as limited lung changes were demonstrated in all species. Pure CO2 in an equilibrated system induced unconsciousness within 10-20 seconds in rats and mice and within 40 seconds in guineapigs, followed by rapid death. Rats especially showed a moderate uneasiness during the induction. All species developed lung emphysema while myocardial cell changes and extravasation to alveoli were found in guineapigs and rats. Induction with CO2/O2 (80:20) for 1 min followed by pure CO2 was judged to be the most humane method. By adding O2 the time for induction of unconsciousness was doubled in rats and mice but not much changed in guineapigs. Breathing ceased within 4 min in rats and mice and within 7 min in guineapigs. In all species this method induced lung oedema and considerable extravasation to alveoli and thus was not recommended for studies including morphological investigations of lungs. From a strict animal welfare point of view the CO2/O2-method is the most recommendable of the methods studied, followed by the pure CO2-method and next pentobarbital i/p.
DE:    animal-welfare; animal-experiments; pathology-; stunning-; barbiturates-; carbon-dioxide; oxygen-; postmortem-changes; euthanasia-; laboratory-animals
IS:    0901-3393
Record 226 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1993-1994
TI:    Euthanasia of beached whales.
OT:    Eutanasi av strandet hval.
AU:    Arnemo-JM
SO:    Norsk-Veterinaertidsskrift. 1993, 105: 4, 453; 4 ref.
PY:    1993
LA:    Norwegian
DE:    dosage-; etorphine-; euthanasia-
Record 227 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1993-1994
TI:    Guidelines for the welfare of animals in rodent protection tests. A report from the Rodent Protection Test Working Party.
AU:    Acred-P; Hennessey-TD; MacArthur-Clark-JA; Merrikin-DJ; Ryan-DM; Smulders-HC; Troke-PF; Wilson-RG; Straughan-DW
SO:    Laboratory-Animals. 1994, 28: 1, 13-18.
PY:    1994
LA:    English
DE:    animal-experiments; drugs-; euthanasia-; experimental-infections; animal-welfare; laboratory-animals
IS:    0023-6772
Record 228 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1993-1994
TI:    Euthanasia; not always Eu.
AU:    Blackmore-DK
SO:    Australian-Veterinary-Journal. 1993, 70: 11, 409-413; 26 ref.
PY:    1993
LA:    English
AB:    This article reviews general agents and techniques used for euthanasia of laboratory animals. Criteria associated with an ideal method of euthanasia from a viewpoint of animal welfare are tabulated. Specific methods described include use of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, induction of hypoxia by inert gases, decapitation and dislocation of the neck.
DE:    animal-welfare; carbon-dioxide; carbon-monoxide; decapitation-; euthanasia-; laboratory-animals
IS:    0005-0423
Record 229 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1993-1994
TI:    Euthanasia of pets - human distress reactions.
OT:    Avlivning av sallskapsdjur - manskliga sorgereaktioner.
AU:    Ortman-K
SO:    Svensk-Veterinartidning. 1993, 45: 11, 479; 15 ref.
PY:    1993
LA:    Swedish
LS:    English
DE:    veterinary-practice; euthanasia-; pets-
Record 230 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1993-1994
TI:    45th Meeting of the Expert Group on Poultry Diseases of the German Veterinary Medical Society, Hannover, 6-7 May 1993.
OT:    45. Fachgesprach, Fachgruppe "Geflugelkrankheiten", Hannover, im Mai 1993.
AU:    Driun-P; Kuttler-D; Oberthur-RC; Petersen-U; Jordan-FTW; Hergarten-G; Salisch-H
SO:    1993, 104 pp.; 9 contributions.
PY:    1993
LA:    German
AB:    Disposal of poultry carcasses was discussed by P. Druin et al. (in English), D. Kuttler, R. C. Oberthur and U. Petersen. The incidence and importance of Mycoplasma iowae was reported briefly (in English) by F. T. W. Jordan (pp. 75-78). Infection of turkeys by type A influenzavirus was reported (in German) by G. Hergarten et al. (pp. 92-104).
DE:    euthanasia-; poultry-; carcass-disposal; poultry-diseases
IB:    3-924851-84-0
Record 231 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1993-1994
TI:    Euthanasia of companion animals.
OT:    Avlivning av sallskapsdjur.
AU:    Ortman-K
SO:    Svensk-Veterinartidning. 1993, 45: 10, 425-428; 15 ref.
PY:    1993
LA:    Swedish
DE:    veterinary-practice; euthanasia-; pets-
Record 232 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1993-1994
TI:    The right to die.
AU:    Hare-D
SO:    Canadian-Veterinary-Journal. 1994, 35: 2, 69-70; 5 ref.
PY:    1994
LA:    English, French
DE:    professional-ethics; destruction-of-animals; euthanasia-
IS:    0008-5286
Record 233 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1993-1994
TI:    Euthanasia and slaughter of livestock.
AU:    Grandin-T
SO:    Journal-of-the-American-Veterinary-Medical-Association. 1994, 204: 9, 1354-1360; 50 ref.
PY:    1994
LA:    English
DE:    slaughter-; euthanasia-; animal-welfare; stress-; restraint-of-animals; abattoirs-
IS:    0003-1488
Record 234 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1993-1994
TI:    A comparison of euthanasia methods in rats, using carbon dioxide in prefilled and fixed flow rate filled chambers.
AU:    Hewett-TA; Kovacs-MS; Artwohl-JE; Bennett-BT
SO:    Laboratory-Animal-Science. 1993, 43: 6, 579-582; 14 ref.
PY:    1993
LA:    English
AB:    The 2 methods (prefilled and fixed flow rate filled chambers) recommended in the 1993 AVMA Euthanasia Panel report for using carbon dioxide to kill rats were evaluated in terms of their effect on behaviour and selected blood gas values. Responses were videotaped during exposure to 90% CO2 in a prefilled chamber or a gradually filled chamber, using a fixed flow rate of 20% chamber volume/min. Rats showed similar reactions when exposed to CO2 by either method. Significant differences in mean time for each response to occur were seen between methods of euthanasia. Maintaining a near atmospheric oxygen chamber concentration by using a 75% CO2: 20% O2: 5% N2 gas mixture to gradually fill the chamber did not change rats' reactions upon exposure. Significant differences were found between pre-exposure values and values from samples obtained when rats became immobile after entering the prefilled chamber. Partial pressure of CO2 significantly increased, and pH and percent oxygen saturation significantly decreased from pre-exposure values in all samples obtained after rats entered the gradually filled chamber. Partial pressure of oxygen in these rats was greater than or equal to pre-exposure levels in all samples. Rats appeared sedated because of the anaesthetic effects of CO2 when immobility was observed. Distress was not observed in the rats with either method.
DE:    laboratory-animals; animal-welfare; euthanasia-; carbon-dioxide; blood-chemistry; oxygen-; destruction-of-animals
IS:    0023-6764
Record 235 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1993-1994
TI:    Experimental techniques and anaesthesia in the rat and mouse.
AU:    Marshall-S; Milligan-A; Yates-R
SO:    ANZCCART-News. 1994, 7: 1 (insert), 1-4; 16 ref.
PY:    1994
LA:    English
DE:    laboratory-animals; restraint-of-animals; inhaled-anaesthetics; injectable-anaesthetics; injection-; blood-specimen-collection; caesarean-section; euthanasia-; anaesthesia-; animal-experiments
Record 236 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1993-1994
TI:    Humane destruction of horses with a mixture of quinalbarbitone and cinchocaine.
AU:    Knottenbelt-DC; Jones-RS; Brazil-TJ; Proudman-CJ; Edwards-SR; Harrison-LJ
SO:    Veterinary-Record. 1994, 134: 13, 319-324; 11 ref.
PY:    1994
LA:    English
AB:    102 horses requiring to be euthanased for a variety of reasons were killed by the intravenous injection of a mixture of quinalbarbitone sodium (400 mg/ml) and cinchocaine hydrochloride (25 mg/ml). The dose rates used were 1 ml/10, 15, 20 and 30 kg bodyweight, and the time of injection was varied between 5 and 25 seconds. The average time to collapse from the start of injection was 34 seconds and the average time to clinical death was 230 seconds. Slow injection (particularly of the low dose rates) and premedication with detomidine resulted in a longer time to collapse (median 46 seconds). Premedication with xylazine and low dose rates of the mixture resulted in an unacceptable degree of muscular activity and agonal gasping and death was delayed. Premedication with romifidine and butorphanol resulted in an apparent (but insignificant) reduction in the time to collapse and death was also accompanied by significant agonal gasping. Without premedication quinalbarbitone and cinchocaine resulted in a smooth and quiet collapse with the cessation of cardiac and respiratory functions within 3 minutes in all cases, but the palpebral reflex of the horses was prolonged significantly beyond the time when all other reflex activity was lost. Occasional gasping and muscular tremors, particularly of the upper forelimb, occurred particularly when lower dose rates were used. One horse which was premedicated with xylazine and received a very low dose at a slow rate showed unacceptable violent muscular activity. At no other time was the procedure regarded as violent or unacceptable. Inadvertent extravascular injection caused no apparent pain. A dose rate of 25 ml for ponies and 50 ml for horses is recommended, and the injection should be administered intravenously over 10 to 15 seconds. The carcase of a horse killed in this way is not fit for human consumption.
DE:    adverse-effects; xylazine-; anaesthetics-; analgesics-; neurotropic-drugs; euthanasia-; destruction-of-animals; barbiturates-; local-anaesthetics; complications-; animal-welfare
IS:    0042-4900
Record 237 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1993-1994
TI:    Control of pain and distress in small laboratory animals.
AU:    Townsend-P
SO:    Animal-Technology. 1993, 44: 3, 215-223; 28 ref.
PY:    1993
LA:    English
DE:    animal-welfare; animal-housing; euthanasia-; anaesthetics-; analgesics-; pain-; stress-; laboratory-animals
IS:    0264-4754
Record 238 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1993-1994
TI:    Neuroradiological aspects of experimental traumatic missile injury in sheep.
AU:    Finnie-JW
SO:    New-Zealand-Veterinary-Journal. 1994, 42: 2, 54-57; 16 ref.
PY:    1994
LA:    English
AB:    Radiological assessment of ovine brains subjected to experimental gunshot injury was performed using computed tomography. This imaging procedure enabled precise localization of the projectile and metal and bony fragments, and depicted parenchymal damage, distortion and displacement of the brain, and skull fractures. Computerized tomography scanning was found to be useful in the clinical evaluation of craniocerebral missile injuries and confirmed the acceptability of the 0.22 calibre rifle and 12-gauge shotgun for the euthanasia of sheep.
DE:    euthanasia-; wounds-; animal-welfare; trauma-; brain-
IS:    0048-0169
Record 239 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1993-1994
TI:    Facilitating companion animal death.
AU:    Lagoni-L; Butler-C
SO:    Compendium-on-Continuing-Education-for-the-Practicing-Veterinarian. 1994, 16: 1, 70-76; Based on The Human-Animal Bond and Grief, Lagoni, L.; Butler, C.; Hetts, S., Philadelphia, WB Saunders Co., 1994 in press.; 4 ref.
PY:    1994
LA:    English
AB:    This article describes suggested preparation of owners who wish to be present during euthanasia; euthanasia logistics; facilitating owner-present euthanasia, and aftercare of the owners. It is concluded that when euthanasia is skillfully and sensitively planned and performed, the experience may help the owners to deal with grief.
DE:    dog-diseases; cat-diseases; pets-; veterinary-practice; euthanasia-
IS:    0193-1903
Record 240 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1993-1994
TI:    Principles of laboratory animal science: a contribution to the humane use and care of animals and to the quality of experimental results.
AU:    Zutphen-LFM-van (ed.); Baumans-V (ed.); Beynen-AC
SO:    1993, xiii + 389 pp.; many ref.
PY:    1993
LA:    English
AB:    This book contains basic facts and principles covering the main theoretical aspects of an introductory course in laboratory animal science, encompassing welfare issues and ethical aspects. After a general introduction and a brief look at legislation, information is presented on the biology and husbandry of the most frequently used animal species (chapter 3) and on the relationship between behaviour, stress and well-being (chapter 4). Several aspects of standardization are covered in chapters 5-8. Chapter 9 deals with diseases of laboratory animals and the consequences on animal welfare and experimental results. Chapters 10-13 cover several factors to be considered in the design and execution of animal experiments. Chapter 14 deals with the recognition of pain and distress, chapter 15 is on anaesthesia, analgesia and euthanasia and chapter 16 covers experimental procedures, particularly the invasive techniques which may be involved. Alternatives to animal experimentation are described in chapter 17 and the ethical aspects of animal experiments discussed in chapter 18. The Directive of 24 November 1986 from the Council of the European Communities on the regulations for protection of animals used for experimental and other scientific purposes is reproduced as an appendix. There is a good subject index.
DE:    legislation-; animal-behaviour; standardization-; nutrition-; genetics-; microbiology-; bacterial-diseases; viral-diseases; parasites-; pain-; anaesthesia-; euthanasia-; animal-testing-alternatives; laboratory-animals; animal-experiments; animal-welfare
IB:    0-444-81270-9
Record 241 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1993-1994
TI:    Anaesthesia, analgesia and euthanasia.
AU:    Bertens-APMG; Booij-LHDJ; Flecknell-PA; Lagerweij-E; Zutphen-LFM-van (ed.); Baumans-V (ed.); Beynen-AC
SO:    Principles-of-laboratory-animal-science:-a-contribution-to-the-humane-use-and-care-of-animals-and-to-the-quality-of-experimental-results. 1993, 267-298; 20 ref.
PY:    1993
LA:    English
DE:    laboratory-animals; animal-welfare; animal-experiments; anaesthesia-; analgesics-; euthanasia-
IB:    0-444-81270-9
Record 242 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1993-1994
TI:    Source of acquisition as a risk factor for disease and death in pups.
AU:    Scarlett-JM; Saidla-JE; Pollock-RVH
SO:    Journal-of-the-American-Veterinary-Medical-Association. 1994, 204: 12, 1906-1913; 20 ref.
PY:    1994
LA:    English
AB:    Data were obtained and analysed for 2144 pups examined at 65 veterinary hospitals in the northeastern USA to determine whether there were significant differences in the frequency of disease and death among pups acquired from private owners, Societies for the Prevention of Cruelty of Animals (SPCA) pounds, breeders, or pet stores. All health problems reported by owners and veterinarians in the first 2 weeks of ownership were tabulated. The prevalence of serious disease among pups (resulting in death, euthanasia, return, or extensive treatment) was <4% for all sources and did not differ significantly between pet stores and other sources. Pups from pet stores had more respiratory tract disease, but fewer fleas and parasites of the intestinal tract. Data supplied by the veterinarians indicated that the risk of intestinal tract diseases was significantly higher among pups from pet stores and SPCA pounds compared with those from private owners. The prevalence of reported behavioural and congenital problems did not differ among the 4 sources.
DE:    puppies-; death-; euthanasia-; ectoparasites-; helminthoses-; respiratory-diseases; dog-diseases; parasites-; helminths-
IS:    0003-1488
Record 243 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1993-1994
TI:    Results of a questionnaire about ethical problems encountered in veterinary practice.
OT:    Normatieve vragen in de diergeneeskundige beroepspraktijk: een verkenning.
AU:    Rutgers-LJE; Baarda-DB
SO:    Tijdschrift-voor-Diergeneeskunde. 1994, 119: 18, 525-535; 31 ref.
PY:    1994
LA:    Dutch
LS:    English
DE:    ethics-; cosmetic-surgery; euthanasia-; veterinary-practice
IS:    0040-7453
Record 244 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1993-1994
TI:    The veterinary practitioner and the animal in pain.
OT:    Le veterinaire praticien et la douleur animale.
AU:    Aubert-P
SO:    Ethnozootechnie. 1990, No. 46, 67-74; 7 ref.
PY:    1990
LA:    French
DE:    Anaesthesia-; Analgesics-; Euthanasia-; Pain-
IS:    0397-6572
Record 245 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1993-1994
TI:    Fulminant hepatic failure in poisoning due to ingestion of T 61, a veterinary euthanasia drug.
AU:    Nicolas-F; Rodineau-P; Rouzioux-JM; Tack-I; Chabac-S; Meram-D
SO:    Critical-Care-Medicine. 1990, 18: 5, 573-575; 9 ref.
PY:    1990
LA:    English
DE:    Case-reports; Anaesthetics-; Dimethylformamide-; Pathology-; Poisoning-; Liver-diseases
IS:    0090-3493
Record 246 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1993-1994
TI:    Ethical issues in the ownership of companion animals: an empirical and normative analysis.
AU:    Endenburg-N; Vorstenbosch-JMG
SO:    Veterinary-Quarterly. 1992, 14: 4, 129-136; 11 ref.
PY:    1992
LA:    English
DE:    euthanasia-; ethics-; animal-welfare; pets-
IS:    0165-2176
Record 247 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1993-1994
TI:    1993 Report of the AVMA panel on Euthanasia.
AU:    Andrews-EJ; Bennett-BT; Clark-JD; Houpt-KA; Pascoe-PJ; Robinson-GW; Boyce-JR
SO:    Journal-of-the-American-Veterinary-Medical-Association. 1993, 202: 2, 229-249; 118 ref.
PY:    1993
LA:    English
AB:    After discussing general considerations, topics covered in this review are animal and human behavioural considerations, modes of action of agents used for anaesthesia, inhalant agents, inhalant anaesthetics, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, argon and carbon monoxide, noninhalant pharmaceutical agents, barbituric acid derivatives, pentobarbital combinations, chloral hydrate, combination of chloral hydrate, magnesium sulfate, and sodium pentobarbital T-61 and unacceptable injectable agents, physical methods, penetrating captive bolt, gunshot, cervical dislocation, decapitation, electrocution, microwave irradation and adjunctive methods, special considerations, equine euthanasia, precautions concerning use of agents for anaesthesia in animals intended for human or animal food, euthanasia of nonconventional species: zoo, wild, aquatic and poikilothermic animals and euthanasia of animals raised for fur production, agents and methods of euthanasia by species, summary of acceptable agents and methods of euthanasia in table form, summary of conditionally acceptable agents and methods of euthanasia in table form and a summary of some unacceptable agents and methods of euthanasia.
DE:    Pain-; Anaesthetics-; Reviews-; Euthanasia-; METHODOLOGY-; animal-welfare
IS:    0003-1488
Record 248 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1993-1994
TI:    Reflections on euthanasia in small animals.
OT:    Reflexiones sobre la eutanasia en pequenas especies.
AU:    Pozo-Gonzalez-SV-del; Sumano-Lopez-H; Villagran-Velez-C; Del-Pozo-Gonzalez-SV
SO:    Veterinaria-Mexico. 1992, 23: 3, 185-187; 10 ref.
PY:    1992
LA:    Spanish
LS:    English
DE:    Animal-welfare; Euthanasia-
Record 249 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1993-1994
TI:    Morphometry of the proximal tubule of rat kidney as influenced by the type of killing.
OT:    Morphometrische Untersuchungen am proximalen Tubulus der Rattenniere unter dem Einfluss der Totungsart.
AU:    Messow-C; Heider-JJ; Hackbarth-H; Korn-WD
SO:    Berliner-und-Munchener-Tierarztliche-Wochenschrift. 1992, 105: 9, 294-299; 25 ref.
PY:    1992
LA:    German
LS:    English
DE:    laboratory-animals; histology-; euthanasia-; kidneys-
Record 250 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1993-1994
TI:    Bereavement, grief, and euthanasia. Part 2: adult grief.
AU:    Bell-PL
SO:    Veterinary-Practice-STAFF. 1993, 5: 1, 9-12.
PY:    1993
LA:    English
DE:    Small-animal-practice; Euthanasia-
IS:    1047-8639
Record 251 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1993-1994
TI:    Helping pet owners with the euthanasia decision.
AU:    Guntzelman-J; Riegger-MH
SO:    Veterinary-Medicine. 1993, 88: 1, 26...34; 16 ref.
PY:    1993
LA:    English
DE:    Veterinarians-; Euthanasia-; Pets-
IS:    8750-7943
Record 252 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1993-1994
TI:    Supporting clients who are grieving the death of a pet.
AU:    Guntzelman-J; Riegger-MH
SO:    Veterinary-Medicine. 1993, 88: 1, 35...41; 14 ref.
PY:    1993
LA:    English
DE:    Veterinarians-; Euthanasia-; Pets-
IS:    8750-7943
Record 253 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1993-1994
TI:    Equine insurance.
AU:    Byars-TD; Dixon-T
SO:    Compendium-on-Continuing-Education-for-the-Practicing-Veterinarian. 1993, 15: 4, 614-617, 625; 2 ref.
PY:    1993
LA:    English
DE:    horse-diseases; Euthanasia-; Pathology-; Insurance-; Animal-insurance
IS:    0193-1903
Record 254 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1993-1994
TI:    Report from the first equine rescue conference.
AU:    Lane-T
SO:    Journal-of-Equine-Veterinary-Science. 1993, 13: 4, 194-195.
PY:    1993
LA:    English
DE:    horse-diseases; Racehorses-; Emergencies-; Euthanasia-; Transport-of-animals; Accidents-
IS:    0737-0806
Record 255 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1993-1994
TI:    Regulatory issues in experimental surgery in farm animals.
AU:    Swindle-MM; Smith-AC; Mench-JA (ed.); Mayer-SJ (ed.); Krulisch-L
SO:    The-well-being-of-agricultural-animals-in-biomedical-and-agricultural-research. 1992, 54-57; 7 ref.
PY:    1992
LA:    English
DE:    Euthanasia-; Animal-welfare; Experimental-surgery; Animal-experiments
Record 256 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1993-1994
TI:    Cardiovascular effects of thoracic compression in horses subjected to euthanasia.
AU:    Hubbell-JAE; Muir-WW; Gaynor-JS
SO:    Equine-Veterinary-Journal. 1993, 25: 4, 282-284; 13 ref.
PY:    1993
LA:    English
AB:    Six horses scheduled for euthanasia were instrumented for the measurement of blood flow by thermodilution, pulmonary arterial, right atrial and arterial blood pressures and collection of arterial blood for pH and blood gas analysis. The horses were anaesthetised with intravenous (i.v.) thiamylal sodium (10 mg/kg) and placed in right lateral recumbency. After euthanasia with an overdose of phenobarbitone sodium (100 mg/kg, i.v.) and loss of the electrocardiogram and arterial pulse pressure, thoracic compression at rates of 40, 60 and 80 compressions/min was instituted. Thoracic compression was accomplished by an investigator who delivered a blow to the chest wall with his knee dropping from a standing or crouching position. Compression rates of 40, 60 and 80/min produced blood flows of 5.65  0.5, 6.33  1.11 and 8.28  2.16 litres/min, respectively. Compression rates of 80/min produced significantly greater blood flows and mean arterial blood pressures than did slower rates. The blood flows produced by 80 thoracic compressions/min were approximately 50% of those reported for deeply anaesthetised horses and while not sufficient to sustain life might be used to prolong life in order to facilitate distribution of resuscitative drugs to vital tissues.
DE:    Anaesthesia-; Emergencies-; Heart-; Blood-flow; Euthanasia-
IS:    0425-1644
Record 257 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1993-1994
TI:    Postmortem froth in a colt.
AU:    King-JM
SO:    Veterinary-Medicine. 1993, 88: 3, 215.
PY:    1993
LA:    English
DE:    horse-diseases; Case-reports; Postmortem-examinations; Euthanasia-
IS:    8750-7943
Record 258 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1993-1994
TI:    Comparison of pentobarbital alone and pentobarbital in combination with lidocaine for euthanasia of dogs.
AU:    Evans-AT; Broadstone-R; Stapleton-J; Hooks-TM; Johnston-SM; McNeil-JR
SO:    Journal-of-the-American-Veterinary-Medical-Association. 1993, 203: 5, 664-666; 15 ref.
PY:    1993
LA:    English
AB:    Pentobarbital alone, pentobarbital plus 1% lidocaine solution, pentobarbital plus 2% lidocaine solution, and pentobarbital plus 3% lidocaine solution were each used to kill 6 dogs. For each dog, time between the beginning of injection of the euthanasia solution and each of the following events was recorded: collapse, onset of apnoea, flat-line electrocardiogram, flat-time electroencephalogram, loss of palpable heartbeat, and loss of palpable pulse. Any signs of pain or discomfort were also recorded. There were no significant differences among groups except for time to flat-line electrocardiogram. Dogs killed with pentobarbital alone had significantly longer times than did dogs killed with pentobarbital in combination with any of the lidocaine concentrations. It was concluded that pentobarbital in combination with lidocaine was a reasonable alternative to pentobarbital alone when killing dogs.
DE:    dog-diseases; electrocardiograms-; adverse-effects; electroencephalograms-; destruction-of-animals; euthanasia-; pentobarbital-; lidocaine-
IS:    0003-1488
Record 259 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1992
TI:    Ethanol euthanasia and its effect on the binding of antibody generated against an immunogenic peptide construct.
AU:    Lord-R; Jones-GL; Spencer-L
SO:    Research-in-Veterinary-Science. 1991, 51: 2, 164-168; 11 ref.
PY:    1991
LA:    English
AB:    Mice were immunized with an immunogenic peptide construct CKNNNSTNSGI coupled to diphtheria toxoid as a carrier. This peptide sequence contains the epitope STNS which is the target of inhibitory monoclonal antibodies directed against the second merozoite surface antigen of Plasmodium falciparum. Antisera raised against the peptide construct were taken using an injection of 70% ethanol or sodium pentobarbitone as methods of euthanasia and these methods compared by determining their effects on the binding specificity of the antibody to the antigen using the immunological criteria of immunofluorescence, immunoblotting and ELISA assays. There was no significant decrease in antibody binding with either sodium pentobarbitone, or ethanol with a final concentration of less than 30% in mouse antisera. Antisera with an added ethanol concentration of 40 to 60% relaxed antibody conformation and this raises the possibility of using the differential effects of ethanol as a tool in mapping antigenic fine structure of a range of antibodies directed against defined epitopes. The cross-reactive response of non-specific antibodies in polyclonal antisera was lowered at the suggested dosage for ethanol euthanasia. Ethanol has immense potential as an alternative method of euthanasia when barbiturate drugs, such as sodium pentobarbitone, are unavailable in specific experimental protocols. This may especially aid research workers in developing countries involved in vaccine development, antibody production and subsequent serological analysis.
DE:    Immunological-techniques; Antigens-; Peptides-; Animal-experiments; Laboratory-animals; Euthanasia-; ethanol-
IS:    0034-5288
Record 260 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1992
TI:    Leucocyte values in rats and mice following carbon dioxide euthanasia.
AU:    Evans-GO; Smith-DEC
SO:    Comparative-Haematology-International. 1991, 1: 4, 233-235; 11 ref.
PY:    1991
LA:    English
DE:    Laboratory-animals; Leukocyte-count; Euthanasia-; Carbon-dioxide
IS:    0938-7714
Record 261 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1992
TI:    Snails and snail farming: an introduction for the veterinary profession.
AU:    Cooper-JE; Knowler-C
SO:    Veterinary-Record. 1991, 129: 25-26, 541-549; 60 ref.
PY:    1991
LA:    English
AB:    In the past veterinary interest in snails has been confined to their role in the transmission of disease; nowadays the trend to keep these animals in captivity - for food, for study, as 'companion animals' - means that the profession is increasingly likely to be consulted about their health, welfare or conservation. An understanding of the biology of snails is an important prerequisite to work with them. Land snails are hermaphrodite and have a complex reproductive system; other organs also show special adaptations. Management methods vary considerably and farmed snails can be maintained under extensive or intensive conditions. Methods for handling and transporting them are important considerations. There is little published information on the diseases and pathology of snails but suboptimum environment, poisons, nutritional deficiencies, predators and parasites are known to cause or contribute, to their mortality.
DE:    Biology-; Nutrition-; Husbandry-; Transport-; Diseases-; Pathology-; Anaesthesia-; Euthanasia-; Reviews-; Pests-
IS:    0042-4900
Record 262 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1992
TI:    Wills requiring the destruction of pets - the veterinarian's position.
AU:    Hannah-HW
SO:    Journal-of-the-American-Veterinary-Medical-Association. 1991, 199: 9, 1156-1157.
PY:    1991
LA:    English
DE:    Pets-; Veterinary-practice; Veterinary-jurisprudence; Euthanasia-
IS:    0003-1488
Record 263 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1992
TI:    Animal illness and human emotion.
AU:    Cohen-SP (ed.); Fudin-CE (ed.)
SO:    Problems-in-Veterinary-Medicine. 1991, 3: 1, 117 pp.; many ref.
PY:    1991
LA:    English
AB:    This issue contains 11 papers relating to human emotional problems connected with animal diseases encountered in small animal practice. The papers cover general skills in dealing with clients as well as dealing with clients pets with particular illnesses such as cancer, heart diseases, nervous disorders, 'loathsome and disfiguring conditions', and also chronic conditions. There are also papers on behavioural problems, euthanasia, and coping with death of a pet.
DE:    Death-; Diseases-; Euthanasia-; Abnormal-behaviour; Small-animal-practice; Pets-
IS:    1041-0228
Record 264 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1992
TI:    Suffering and euthanasia.
AU:    Cohen-SP; Sawyer-DC
SO:    Problems-in-Veterinary-Medicine. 1991, 3: 1, 101-109; 3 ref.
PY:    1991
LA:    English
DE:    Small-animal-practice; Euthanasia-; Pain-; Pets-
IS:    1041-0228
Record 265 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1992
TI:    Preventing suffering in laboratory animals.
AU:    Spinelli-JS
SO:    Scandinavian-Journal-of-Laboratory-Animal-Science. 1991, 18: 4, 159-164; 27 ref.
PY:    1991
LA:    English
DE:    Pain-; Animal-experiments; Euthanasia-; Pathology-; Animal-welfare; Laboratory-animals
IS:    0901-3393
Record 266 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1992
TI:    Establishing a model pet loss support hotline.
AU:    Mader-B; Hart-LA
SO:    Journal-of-the-American-Veterinary-Medical-Association. 1992, 200: 3, 270-274; 16 ref.
PY:    1992
LA:    English
DE:    dog-diseases; cat-diseases; Small-animal-practice; Euthanasia-
IS:    0003-1488
Record 267 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1992
TI:    Killing of experimental rabbits using captive bolt guns with consideration of animal welfare.
OT:    Tierschutzgerechtes Toten von Versuchskaninchen mit Bolzenschussgeraten.
AU:    Holtzmann-M
SO:    Journal-of-Experimental-Animal-Science. 1991, 34: 5-6, 203-206; 7 ref.
PY:    1991
LA:    German
LS:    English
DE:    Laboratory-animals; Slaughter-; Animal-welfare; Pain-; Euthanasia-
IS:    0044-3697
Record 268 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1992
TI:    The 'reasonable indication in line with article 17 (1) of the Animal Protection Act.
OT:    Der vernunftige Grund im Sinne des Paragraf 17 Nr. 1 des Tierschutzgesetzes.
AU:    Schwabenbauer-K
SO:    Deutsche-Tierarztliche-Wochenschrift. 1992, 99: 1, 8-9; 7 ref.
PY:    1992
LA:    German
LS:    English
AB:    Since 1972 in Germany it is not allowed to kill vertebrates without a 'reasonable indication'. This is regulated in article 17 (1) of the Animal Protection Act. Killing of animals - is one of the taboos in our society. The legislative background of killing vertebrates in regard to the 'reasonable indication is reported. Examples are given to illustrate the range of 'reasonable indications'.
DE:    legislation-; animal-welfare; destruction-of-animals; euthanasia-
Record 269 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1992
TI:    Euthanasia of horses.
AU:    Jones-RS; Knottenbelt-DK; Mason-K; O'-Donnell-E
SO:    Veterinary-Record. 1992, 130: 24, 544; 1 ref.
PY:    1992
LA:    English
AB:    The authors (after experience under considerably different situations) recommend Somulose [Arnolds; unstated composition] at a dose of 50 ml administered intravenously over a 5 to 8 second period as an effective method of humane slaughter in the horse.
DE:    Euthanasia-
IS:    0042-4900
Record 270 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1992
TI:    Guidelines for euthanasia of domestic animals by firearms.
AU:    Longair-JA; Finley-GG; Laniel-MA; MacKay-C; Mould-K; Olfert-ED; Rowsell-H; Preston-A
SO:    Canadian-Veterinary-Journal. 1991, 32: 12, 724-726; 5 ref.
PY:    1991
LA:    English
LS:    French
DE:    Euthanasia-
IS:    0008-5286
Record 271 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1992
TI:    Restraint, handling and anaesthesia.
AU:    Brown-LA; Butcher-RC (ed.)
SO:    Manual-of-ornamental-fish. 1992, 135-139.
PY:    1992
LA:    English
DE:    Ornamental-fishes; Restraint-of-animals; Transport-of-animals; Euthanasia-; Anaesthesia-; Immobilization-; Aquarium-fishes
IB:    0-905214-18-8
Record 272 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1992
TI:    Pet loss: a survey of the attitudes and feelings of practicing veterinarians.
AU:    Fogle-B; Abrahamson-D
SO:    Anthrozoos. 1992, 3: 3, 143-150; 21 ref.
PY:    1992
LA:    English
DE:    Veterinary-practice; Professional-ethics; Euthanasia-; Small-animal-practice; Pets-
Record 273 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1992
TI:    Attitudes to animal euthanasia in Japan: a brief review of cultural influences.
AU:    Kogure-N; Yamazaki-K
SO:    Anthrozoos. 1992, 3: 3, 151-154; 5 ref.
PY:    1992
LA:    English
DE:    Veterinary-practice; Professional-ethics; Euthanasia-; Small-animal-practice; Pets-
Record 274 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1992
TI:    Miscellaneous [aging, cannibalism, euthanasia, stress, shock, and immunological and endocrinological disorders].
AU:    Lawton-MPC; Benyon-PH (ed.); Lawton-MPC (ed.); Cooper-JE (ed.)
SO:    Manual-of-reptiles. 1992, 153-156; 14 ref.
PY:    1992
LA:    English
IB:    0-905214-19-6
Record 275 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1992
TI:    Shelters and pet overpopulation: a statistical black hole.
AU:    Rowan-AN
SO:    Anthrozoos. 1992, 5: 3, 140-143; 3 ref.
PY:    1992
LA:    English
DE:    Euthanasia-; Animal-welfare; Pets-; STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS
Record 276 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1990-1991
TI:    On the use of T61 for euthanasia of domestic and laboratory animals; an ethical evaluation.
AU:    Hellebrekers-LJ; Baumans-V; Bertens-APMG; Hartman-W
SO:    Laboratory-Animals. 1990, 24: 3, 200-204; 6 ref.
PY:    1990
LA:    English
AB:    The sequence of events leading to death following administration of the agent T61 (Hoechst GmbH) which combines a local anaesthetic (tetracaine) with a hypnotic agent and a curiform drug. Simultaneous recordings of the EMG, EEG, ECG and end-tidal CO2 (dogs only) were obtained in rabbits and dogs with instruments placed previously under anaesthesia to record EMG, EEC and ECG. Following T61 administration the loss of consciousness and loss of muscle activity occurred simultaneously. Vocalization and increased muscle movement occurred in the initial phase of the injection in 3 of 8 dogs, injected with T61 or butyramide. It was concluded that the presence of the muscle relaxant does not pose an ethical problem for the use of T61 for euthanasia, but the results suggest that the use of T61 may have some emotionally unpleasant side-effects.
DE:    Animal-welfare; Death-; Poisoning-; Destruction-of-animals; laboratory-animals; Euthanasia-
IS:    0023-6772
Record 277 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1990-1991
TI:    Humane euthanasia and companion animal death: caring for the animal, the client, and the veterinarian.
AU:    Hart-LA; Hart-BL; Mader-B
SO:    Journal-of-the-American-Veterinary-Medical-Association. 1990, 197: 10, 1292-1299; 31 ref.
PY:    1990
LA:    English
AB:    This article reviews in depth many aspects involved in euthanasia. These aspects include discussing the decision of euthanasia of a companion animal with clients, preparing the client for the euthanasia procedure with or without the client present and disposal of the body with or without the client present. Emphasis is given to the role of companion animals in society and the amount of grief and sometimes guilt that can be generated when euthanasia is performed.
DE:    Veterinary-medicine; Euthanasia-; Veterinary-practice
IS:    0003-1488
Record 278 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1990-1991
TI:    Evaluation of intraperitoneal and intrahepatic administration of a euthanasia agent in animal shelter cats.
AU:    Grier-RL; Schaffer-CB
SO:    Journal-of-the-American-Veterinary-Medical-Association. 1990, 197: 12, 1611-1615; 7 ref.
PY:    1990
LA:    English
AB:    Preliminary studies in 19 cats indicated that there was little perception of either injection of sodium pentobarbital-lidocaine when cats were minimally restrained and the agent was injected rapidly. When the injection penetrated the liver, rapid achievement of recumbency resulted. Intrahepatic injection was performed in 85 cats and intraperitoneal injection was performed in 77 cats. Response to injection, excitement, and speed of euthanasia were observed, then cats were examined PM to determine exact location of euthanasia agent. Although i.v. injection is the method of choice for euthanasia in veterinary practice it is suggested that when non-veterinarians have to kill stray cats in large numbers, intrahepatic injection is a humane method.
DE:    Animal-welfare; Barbiturates-; Liver-; Euthanasia-; Pentobarbital-; Lidocaine-
IS:    0003-1488
Record 279 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1990-1991
TI:    The owner of the pet with cancer.
AU:    Hetts-S; Lagoni-L
SO:    Veterinary-Clinics-of-North-America,-Small-Animal-Practice. 1990, 20: 4, 879-896.
PY:    1990
LA:    English
DE:    Pets-; Euthanasia-; Small-animal-practice; neoplasms-
IS:    0195-5616
Record 280 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1990-1991
TI:    Supplement to Bone lesions found at meat inspection. Bolt firing in dogs. Euthanasia is a part of the concept of animal welfare.
OT:    Supplement til Knoglelidelser i kodkontrollen. Boltskydning af hunde. Euthanasie er en del af begre dyrevelfaerd.
AU:    Biering-Sorensen-U; Hyttel-P
SO:    Dansk-Veterinaertidsskrift. 1990, 73: 13, 702-703.
PY:    1990
LA:    Danish
DE:    Animal-welfare; Techniques-; Skull-; Euthanasia-
Record 281 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1990-1991
TI:    The effect of euthanasia technique on vascular arachidonic acid metabolism and vascular and intestinal smooth muscle contractility.
AU:    Butler-MM; Griffey-SM; Clubb-FJ Jr.; Gerrity-LW; Campbell-WB
SO:    Laboratory-Animal-Science. 1990, 40: 3, 277-283; 26 ref.
PY:    1990
LA:    English
DE:    Pentobarbital-; Carbon-dioxide; Methoxyflurane-; Arachidonic-acid; Euthanasia-; Metabolism-; Smooth-muscle
IS:    0023-6764
Record 282 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1990-1991
TI:    The effects of various anesthetics on tissue levels of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate in rats.
AU:    Kasten-T; Colliver-JA; Montrey-RD; Dunaway-GA
SO:    Laboratory-Animal-Science. 1990, 40: 4, 399-401; 5 ref.
PY:    1990
LA:    English
DE:    Ketamine-; Pentobarbital-; Chloralose-; Halothane-; Euthanasia-; Anaesthetics-
IS:    0023-6764
Record 283 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1990-1991
TI:    Euthanasia of mink (Mustela vison) by means of carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen (N2).
AU:    Hansen-NE; Creutzberg-A; Simonsen-HB
SO:    British-Veterinary-Journal. 1991, 147: 2, 140-146; 9 ref.
PY:    1991
LA:    English
AB:    The time periods and the behavioural pattern of mink killed with carbon dioxide (CO2), 100% and 70%, carbon monoxide (CO), 4%, and nitrogen (N2), 100%, are described. The time between the placement of the animal in a glass box and the first symptoms of incoordination (phase I), the period to loss of consciousness (phase II), and, finally, the coma phase until cessation of respiration (phase III) using 3 groups each of 10 pastel male mink were recorded. Phase I times ranged from 14 s for CO2, 31 s for N2 and 49 s for CO. In phase II, the difference was even more pronounced, being 5 s for CO2, 15 s for CO and 45 s for N2. In phase III, the time was 58 s for N2, 134 s and 151 s for CO2 and CO respectively. Hence, the critical period from the time when the animals were placed in the glass box till unconsciousness occurred (phase I and II) was 19 s for CO2, 64 s for CO and 76 s for N2. The total course of euthanasia was 153 s for CO2, 215 s for CO and 134 s for N2. The following minimum times will be required before it can be judged to be safe to remove the animals: CO2 and N2: 5 min and for CO: 6.5 min. In a supplementary experiment, involving a mixture of 70% CO2 and 30% atmospheric air, it was not possible within the allotted time to kill adult male mink. Convulsions, in phase III only, occurred to a varying degree in all the animals killed with CO2 and N2, and in 6 of the 10 animals killed with CO.
DE:    furbearing-animals; Slaughter-; Carbon-dioxide; Carbon-monoxide; Nitrogen-; Animal-welfare; Euthanasia-; gases-
IS:    0007-1935
Record 284 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1990-1991
TI:    Humane destruction of vertebrates.
OT:    Uber das tierschutzgerechte Toten von Wirbeltieren.
AU:    Widderich-M
SO:    1990, 133 pp.; 124 ref.
PY:    1990
LA:    German
LS:    English
DE:    destruction-of-animals; euthanasia-
Record 285 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1990-1991
TI:    Sedation by exposure to a gaseous carbon dioxide-oxygen mixture: application to studies involving small laboratory animals species.
AU:    Urbanski-HF; Kelley-ST
SO:    Laboratory-Animal-Science. 1991, 41: 1, 80-82; 5 ref.
PY:    1991
LA:    English
DE:    Laboratory-animals; Stress-; Hormones-; Prolactin-; Corticosterone-; LH-; FSH-; Euthanasia-; Oxygen-; Carbon-dioxide
IS:    0023-6764
Record 286 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1990-1991
TI:    The casuality pig.
AU:    Blackburn-PW
SO:    1991, 20 pp.; The Pig Veterinary Society, The Grove Centre, Corston, Malmesbury, Wilts. SN16 0HL, UK.
PY:    1991
LA:    English
AB:    The booklet sponsored by the British Veterinary Association - Animal Welfare Foundation describes the reasons for casualty slaughter of pigs, the humane destruction of pigs on the farm and in appendix the general rules for the safe use of firearms.
DE:    Euthanasia-; Animal-welfare; Slaughter-; Destruction-of-animals
Record 287 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1990-1991
TI:    Effect of different methods of killing Atlantic salmon on whole-body concentrations of selected electrolytes.
AU:    Perry-CM
SO:    Journal-of-Aquatic-Animal-Health. 1990, 2: 2, 154-156; 8 ref.
PY:    1990
LA:    English
AB:    Juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), mean total length, 44 mm, were killed by an overdose of tricaine (MS-22) or quinaldine sulfate, or by a blow to the head. Comparisons of whole-body concentrations of Na+, K+, Mg2+ were made among fish killed by the different methods. The Na concentration in fish killed with quinaldine sulfate was significantly lower than that in fish killed by the other methods. There were no significant differences in the concentrations of the other cations among treatments.
DE:    Calcium-; Sodium-; Potassium-; Magnesium-; Injectable-anaesthetics; Slaughter-; electrolytes-; Euthanasia-
IS:    0899-7659
Record 288 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1990-1991
TI:    Administration of euthanasia agents.
AU:    Seif-DP
SO:    Journal-of-the-American-Veterinary-Medical-Association. 1991, 198: 7, 1102.
PY:    1991
LA:    English
DE:    Euthanasia-
IS:    0003-1488
Record 289 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1990-1991
TI:    Administration of euthanasia agents.
AU:    Grier-RL
SO:    Journal-of-the-American-Veterinary-Medical-Association. 1991, 198: 7, 1102-1103.
PY:    1991
LA:    English
DE:    Euthanasia-
IS:    0003-1488
Record 290 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1990-1991
TI:    The role of animal shelters in controlling pet population.
AU:    Moulton-C; Wright-P; Rindy-K
SO:    Journal-of-the-American-Veterinary-Medical-Association. 1991, 198: 7, 1172-1176; 5 ref.
PY:    1991
LA:    English
AB:    Topics discussed in this review are the types of shelters, the history of animal shelters, current and future practices of more aggressive action in having animals neutered, passing tougher laws with strict inforcement, improving lost-and-found programmes, increasing the number of animals adopted and informing the public.
DE:    Euthanasia-; Pets-; Animal-welfare; Population-density
IS:    0003-1488
Record 291 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1990-1991
TI:    Coping with euthanasia: A case study of shelter culture.
AU:    Arluke-A
SO:    Journal-of-the-American-Veterinary-Medical-Association. 1991, 198: 7, 1176-1180; 6 ref.
PY:    1991
LA:    English
AB:    An ethnographic study was made of a single 'kill shelter' serving a major metropolitan area [in the USA]. 76 h were spent observing all the facets of shelter work and life, including euthanasia of animals and training shelter workers how to do it. Results showed that workers had to be able to get used to the value of euthanasia, the technical aspects, as a humane act to reduce suffering, to be able to shift the blame on to the people abandoning the pets and themselves as having to combat pet overpopulation. The 'shelter culture' served to admit workers into an inner community once they performed euthanasia so that they could support each other, and also this community considered that attachment to particular animals was normal. Therefore the shelter culture adapted the euthanasia routine to accommodate concerns of the workers.
DE:    Animal-welfare; Pets-; Euthanasia-; Population-density
IS:    0003-1488
Record 292 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1990-1991
TI:    The effect of mouse euthanasia technique on subsequent lymphocyte proliferation and cell mediated lympholysis assays.
AU:    Howard-HL; McLaughlin-Taylor-E; Hill-RL
SO:    Laboratory-Animal-Science. 1990, 40: 5, 510-514; 13 ref.
PY:    1990
LA:    English
DE:    Laboratory-animals; Methoxyflurane-; Pentobarbital-; Carbon-dioxide; Halothane-; Immune-response; Euthanasia-; Lymphocytes-
IS:    0023-6764
Record 293 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1990-1991
TI:    Euthanasia of chickens.
AU:    Gregory-NG; Wotton-SB
SO:    Veterinary-Record. 1991, 128: 22, 532.
PY:    1991
LA:    English
AB:    Ten anaesthetised end of lay hens (mean liveweight 1.8 kg2.9 sd) were prepared with electrodes implanted in the brain. Five birds had their necks dislocated using a 23 cm Burdizzo and 5 with a 35 cm Burdizzo. With both instruments the necks were crushed at the first to third cervical vertebrae and at PM examination both carotid arteries showed aneurysms without severance in 7 out of the 10 carcasses. The visual evoked responses in the brain were at first unaffected by neck dislocation with either Burdizzo, and for all 10 birds it took 137 48 s for the responses to disappear. It was concluded that in none of the birds did neck dislocation with the Burdizzo cause concussion and so it is suspected that it would not cause instantaneous unconsciousness. The Burdizzo could not be recommended for mechanically dislocating hens' necks.
DE:    Poultry-; Euthanasia-; Animal-welfare; Slaughter-; neck-; dislocations-
IS:    0042-4900
Record 294 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1990-1991
TI:    Essentials for animal research. A primer for research personnel.
AU:    Bennett-BT; Brown-MJ; Schofield-JC
SO:    1990, 126 pp.; 5 pp. of ref.
PY:    1990
LA:    English
AB:    This manual was developed from a university course entitled "Essentials for Animal Research". There are 10 chapters covering: regulations and requirements; alternative methodologies; animal care and use; principles of anaesthesia and analgesia; The Animal Welfare Information Centre; and organizations, associations and societies. The authors aim to provide the reader with an understanding of the basic regulatory process, and an overview of the factors which can affect selection, acquisition and maintenance of animals used in biomedical research and an understanding of the basic principles of controlling pain and distress, preventing infection during operations, and assuring a humane death of the animals used.
DE:    Animal-welfare; Euthanasia-; Laboratory-animals; techniques-
Record 295 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1990-1991
TI:    AVMA Animal welfare forum: enhancing wellness in animals and people November 9, 1990, Chicago, Illinois.
AU:    Ostrich-S (Chairman)
SO:    Journal-of-the-American-Veterinary-Medical-Association. 1991, 198: 8, 1351-1391.
PY:    1991
LA:    English
AB:    This issue contains 7 papers presented at the first American Veterinary Medical Association Animal welfare forum. They are entitled: Veterinarians as members of the humane community; Animal behaviour and animal welfare; Ethics and animal welfare: the inextricable connection; A European perspective on farm animal welfare; The veterinarian's role in the welfare of wildlife; The vital link: veterinarians in biomedical research and laboratory animal care; and Food animal production and human nutrition.
DE:    Wild-animals; Professional-ethics; Animal-behaviour; Euthanasia-; Veterinarians-; Sows-; Animal-welfare
IS:    0003-1488
Record 296 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1990-1991
TI:    Euthanasia of laboratory animals.
OT:    Euthanasie bei Labornagetieren.
AU:    Cranach-J-von; Gassmann-Langmoen-AB; Von-Cranach-J
SO:    Schweizer-Archiv-fur-Tierheilkunde. 1991, 133: 4, 176; Abstract of dissertation, Vet. Med. Fac., Bern, 1990.
PY:    1991
LA:    German
DE:    animal-welfare; decapitation-; drugs-; laboratory-animals; euthanasia-
Record 297 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1990-1991
TI:    Thermal burns.
AU:    Johnston-DE; Bojrab-MJ (ed.)
SO:    Current-techniques-in-small-animal-surgery. 1990, Ed. 3, 494-500; 22 ref.
PY:    1990
LA:    English
DE:    Emergencies-; Fluid-therapy; Therapy-; dog-diseases; Skin-diseases; Antiinfective-agents; Wound-treatment; Nutrient-requirements; Euthanasia-; Burns-
Record 298 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1990-1991
TI:    Practical guide to veterinary hospital management. The human-companion animal bond.
AU:    McCarthy-JB
SO:    Veterinary-Technician. 1991, 12: 7, 500-503; 4 ref.
PY:    1991
LA:    English
DE:    Veterinary-services; Euthanasia-; Pets-; Small-animal-practice
IS:    8750-8990
Record 299 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1990-1991
TI:    Euthanasia, or the most important act.
OT:    L'euthanasie, ou l'acte le plus important.
SO:    Action-Veterinaire. 1990, No. 1131, 19.
PY:    1990
LA:    French
DE:    Euthanasia-
Record 300 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1990-1991
TI:    The animal technicians' role in the euthanasia of laboratory animals.
AU:    Martinic-G
SO:    Animal-Technology. 1990, 41: 2, 145-150.
PY:    1990
LA:    English
DE:    Auxiliary-workers; Laboratory-animals; Euthanasia-
IS:    0264-4754
Record 301 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1990-1991
TI:    Use of the euthanasia preparation T61 for humane killing of pets and laboratory animals.
OT:    Het gebruik van T61 voor het verantwoord doden van gezelschaps- en laboratoriumdieren.
AU:    Hellebrekers-LJ; Baumans-V; Bertens-APGM; Hartman-W
SO:    Tijdschrift-voor-Diergeneeskunde. 1990, 115: 13, 625-632; 7 ref.
PY:    1990
LA:    Dutch
LS:    English
AB:    The preparation T61 (Hoechst) contains tetracaine, a hyponotic agent and a curare-like agent for i.v. injection. Recordings of the EMG, EEG, ECG and capnogram in dogs and rabbits showed that loss of consciousness and muscular relaxation occurred simultaneously. Undesirable vocalization occurred in 3 of 8 dogs.
DE:    pharmacodynamics-; euthanasia-; intravenous-injection
IS:    0040-7453
Record 302 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1990-1991
TI:    There's no good way to euthanatize a horse.
AU:    Buelke-DL
SO:    Journal-of-the-American-Veterinary-Medical-Association. 1990, 196: 12, 1942-1944.
PY:    1990
LA:    English
DE:    Veterinary-practice; horse-diseases; Animal-welfare; Barbiturates-; Anaesthetics-; Neuroleptics-; Euthanasia-
IS:    0003-1488
Record 303 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1990-1991
TI:    Euthanasia: acceptable and unacceptable methods of killing.
AU:    Rowsell-HC; Rollin-BE (ed.); Kesel-ML (ed.)
SO:    The-experimental-animal-in-biomedical-research.-Volume-1.-A-survey-of-scientific-and-ethical-issues-for-investigators. 1990, 381-391; 56 ref.
PY:    1990
LA:    English
DE:    Laboratory-animals; Animal-welfare; Pain-; Gases-; Drugs-; Euthanasia-
IB:    0-8493-4981-8
Record 304 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1990-1991
TI:    Kill day-olds humanely.
AU:    Gerrits-AR; Dijk-DJ
SO:    Poultry. 1990, 6: 3, 35.
PY:    1990
LA:    English
DE:    Euthanasia-; Destruction-of-animals; chicks-
Record 305 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1990-1991
TI:    Equine euthanasia.
AU:    Steere-JH
SO:    Journal-of-the-American-Veterinary-Medical-Association. 1990, 197: 5, 555-556.
PY:    1990
LA:    English
DE:    horse-diseases; anaesthesia-; Xylazine-; Pentobarbital-; Euthanasia-
IS:    0003-1488
Record 306 of 354 - CAB Abstracts 1990-1991
TI:    Euthanasia of day-old chicks: an acceptable solution.
OT:    Euthanasie des poussins d'un jour: une solution acceptable.
AU:    Brugere-H
SO:    Bulletin-Mensuel-de-la-Societe-Veterinaire-Pratique-de-France. 1990, 74: 7, 399-401,404-408; 5 ref.
PY:    1990
LA:    French
AB:    An effective, economical method of killing unwanted chicks is to pass them through a device fitted with bosses on the inside walls and containing an embossed rotor spinning at 1500 rpm. Loss of consciousness is instantaneous. The machine will also destroy late hatching eggs.
DE:    animal-welfare; destruction-of-animals; chicks-; euthanasia-
Record 307 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    An ethicist's commentary on the case of the veterinarian who wishes to improve rural euthanasia.
AU:    Rollin-BE
SO:    Can-Vet-J. 1997 Jun; 38(6): 334-5
JN:    CANADIAN-VETERINARY-JOURNAL
ISSN:  0008-5286
PY:    1997
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    CANADA
MESH:  *Animal-Welfare-standards; *Ethics,-Professional; *Euthanasia-veterinary; *Veterinarians-standards
PT:    JOURNAL-ARTICLE
Record 308 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    [Euthanasia or therapy? (letter)]
TO:    Euthanasie of therapie?
AU:    Wijsmuller-JM
SO:    Tijdschr-Diergeneeskd. 1997 Mar 15; 122(6): 171
JN:    TIJDSCHRIFT-VOOR-DIERGENEESKUNDE
ISSN:  0040-7453
PY:    1997
LA:    DUTCH; NON-ENGLISH
CP:    NETHERLANDS
MESH:  *Animals,-Domestic; *Antineoplastic-Agents-therapeutic-use; *Euthanasia-veterinary
PT:    LETTER
Record 309 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    Recommendations for euthanasia of experimental animals: Part 2.
AU:    Close-B; Banister-K; Baumans-V; Bernoth-EM; Bromage-N; Bunyan-J; Erhardt-W; Flecknell-P; Gregory-N; Hackbarth-H; Morton-D; Warwick-C
SO:    Lab-Anim. 1997 Jan; 31(1): 1-32
JN:    LABORATORY-ANIMALS
ISSN:  0023-6772
PY:    1997
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    ENGLAND
MESH:  *Animals,-Laboratory; *Euthanasia-veterinary; *Laboratory-Animal-Science-methods
PT:    GUIDELINE; JOURNAL-ARTICLE
Record 310 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    Recommendations for euthanasia of experimental animals: Part 1. DGXI of the European Commission.
AU:    Close-B; Banister-K; Baumans-V; Bernoth-EM; Bromage-N; Bunyan-J; Erhardt-W; Flecknell-P; Gregory-N; Hackbarth-H; Morton-D; Warwick-C
SO:    Lab-Anim. 1996 Oct; 30(4): 293-316
JN:    LABORATORY-ANIMALS
ISSN:  0023-6772
PY:    1996
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    ENGLAND
MESH:  *Animals,-Laboratory; *Euthanasia-
PT:    GUIDELINE; JOURNAL-ARTICLE
Record 311 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    Euthanasia of large animals [letter]
AU:    Bee-DJ
SO:    Vet-Rec. 1996 Aug 24; 139(8): 196
JN:    VETERINARY-RECORD
ISSN:  0042-4900
PY:    1996
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    ENGLAND
MESH:  *Euthanasia-veterinary; *Magnesium-Sulfate
PT:    LETTER
Record 312 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    Chemical euthanasia of horses [letter]
AU:    Woodward-KN; Gray-AK
SO:    Vet-Rec. 1996 Jun 15; 138(24): 600
JN:    VETERINARY-RECORD
ISSN:  0042-4900
PY:    1996
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    ENGLAND
MESH:  *Animal-Feed; *Barbiturates-toxicity; *Euthanasia-veterinary; *Food-Contamination; *Horses-
PT:    LETTER
Record 313 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    Euthanasia and the veterinarian.
AU:    Schneider-BJ
SO:    Can-Vet-J. 1996 Apr; 37(4): 217-8
JN:    CANADIAN-VETERINARY-JOURNAL
ISSN:  0008-5286
PY:    1996
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    CANADA
MESH:  *Euthanasia-veterinary; *Morals-; *Stress,-Psychological; *Veterinarians-psychology
PT:    JOURNAL-ARTICLE
Record 314 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    Emotional responses of animal shelter workers to euthanasia.
AU:    White-DJ; Shawhan-R
SO:    J-Am-Vet-Med-Assoc. 1996 Mar 15; 208(6): 846-9
JN:    JOURNAL-OF-THE-AMERICAN-VETERINARY-MEDICAL-ASSOCIATION
ISSN:  0003-1488
PY:    1996
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    UNITED-STATES
MESH:  *Bonding,-Human-Pet; *Emotions-; *Euthanasia-veterinary; *Occupational-Diseases-etiology; *Stress,-Psychological-etiology
PT:    JOURNAL-ARTICLE
Record 315 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    Quantification of the hemolysis associated with use of T-61 as a euthanasia agent in rabbits--a comparison with Euthanyl (pentobarbital sodium) and the impact on serum hexosaminidase measurements.
AU:    Doughty-MJ; Stuart-D
SO:    Can-J-Physiol-Pharmacol. 1995 Sep; 73(9): 1274-80
JN:    CANADIAN-JOURNAL-OF-PHYSIOLOGY-AND-PHARMACOLOGY
ISSN:  0008-4212
PY:    1995
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    CANADA
AB:    Albino rabbits (2-2.3 kg) were euthanized with T-61R (N-[2-(m-methoxyphenyl)-2-ethylbutyl-(1)-]-gamma-hydroxybutyram ide, 200 mg/mL; 4,4'-methylene-bis-(cyclohexyltrimethylammonium iodide), 50 mg/mL; tetracaine hydrochloride, 5 mg/mL; 0.2-1.0 mL/kg, i.v.) or EuthanylR (pentobarbital sodium, 100-240 mg/kg, i.v.) at 15:00 h, and samples of arteriovenous blood or venous blood were collected. The time to loss of consciousness was dose dependent for T-61, ranging from 7 to 1 s or less. Serum obtained after T-61 euthanasia, but not after Euthanyl, was routinely contaminated with measurable hemoglobin levels (up to an estimated 3 mg/mL). The extent of hemolysis increased with increasing T-61 doses. The activity of hexosaminidase in the serum (determined by hydrolysis of a methylumbelliferyl substrate at pH 4.6) was up to 80% lower in sera obtained after the use of T-61 compared with sera obtained after the use of Euthanyl or without euthanasia drugs. The reduction in measurable activity appears to be due to interference, by hemoglobin, in the fluorescence measurements of the methylumbelliferol reaction product (with threshold effects being detected at 0.1 mg/mL). Standardization of serum volumes used in these types of enzyme assays and reporting on hemoglobin levels is thus recommended.
MESH:  *Amides-toxicity; *Ammonium-Compounds-toxicity; *Animals,-Laboratory; *Euthanasia-veterinary; *Hemolysis-drug-effects; *Hexosaminidases-blood; *Pentobarbital-toxicity; *Tetracaine-toxicity
PT:    JOURNAL-ARTICLE
Record 316 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    An ethicist's commentary on the case of a client who refuses euthanasia for a sick cat.
AU:    Rollin-BE
SO:    Can-Vet-J. 1995 Aug; 36(8): 471-2
JN:    CANADIAN-VETERINARY-JOURNAL
ISSN:  0008-5286
PY:    1995
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    CANADA
AB:    An 8-year-old, neutered, male, domestic shorthaired cat is admitted to your clinic with a complaint of lethargy and anorexia. The cat was last examined 2 months previously with a urinary tract infection and severe cellulitis at the site of a ventral abdominal urethrostomy. The urethrostomy was performed several years ago at another clinic. Euthanasia was recommended during your first examination, but the owner insisted on treatment. The cat improved after receiving fluids and systemic and topical antibiotics, but its condition suddenly deteriorated 2 days ago. Physical examination reveals severe dehydration, bradycardia, hypothermia, and an infected and fly-blown urethrostomy opening. Euthanasia is again recommended. The owner refuses and leaves the clinic, apparently intending to seek a second opinion.
MESH:  *Cat-Diseases-therapy; *Cellulitis-veterinary; *Euthanasia-veterinary; *Urinary-Tract-Infections-veterinary
PT:    JOURNAL-ARTICLE
Record 317 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    Evaluation of methods for the euthanasia of cattle in a foreign animal disease outbreak [letter; comment]
AU:    Pittman-TJ
SO:    Can-Vet-J. 1995 Jul; 36(7): 405-6
JN:    CANADIAN-VETERINARY-JOURNAL
ISSN:  0008-5286
PY:    1995
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    CANADA
MESH:  *Cattle-Diseases-prevention-and-control; *Disease-Outbreaks-veterinary; *Euthanasia-veterinary; *Firearms-
PT:    COMMENT; LETTER
Record 318 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    Carbon dioxide euthanasia in rats: oxygen supplementation minimizes signs of agitation and asphyxia.
AU:    Coenen-AM; Drinkenburg-WH; Hoenderken-R; van-Luijtelaar-EL
SO:    Lab-Anim. 1995 Jul; 29(3): 262-8
JN:    LABORATORY-ANIMALS
ISSN:  0023-6772
PY:    1995
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    ENGLAND
AB:    This paper records the effects of carbon dioxide when used for euthanasia, on behaviour, electrical brain activity and heart rate in rats. Four different methods were used. Animals were placed in a box (a) that was completely filled with carbon dioxide; (b) into which carbon dioxide was streamed at a high flow rate; (c) into which carbon dioxide was streamed at a low flow rate and (d) into which a mixture of carbon dioxide and oxygen was streamed at a fast rate. It was found that the cessation of behaviour was associated with an aberrant pattern of electrical brain activity together with an abnormally low heart rate. The time to reach this point was shortest in those animals placed in the box filled with pure carbon dioxide, longer when carbon dioxide was introduced at a high rate into the box, longer still when oxygen was added to the carbon dioxide gas, and longest when carbon dioxide was streamed slowly into the box. In the condition with pure carbon dioxide, signs of behavioural agitation and asphyxia were seen. This was also true for the two conditions in which carbon dioxide streamed into the box, but to a lesser degree. These signs occurred when some degree of consciousness may still have been present in the animals. Signs of agitation and asphyxia were almost completely absent in the condition where oxygen was added to the carbon dioxide. These results not only demonstrate the usefulness of behavioural criteria next to electrophysiological indices, but also demonstrate that the negative effects of carbon dioxide euthanasia can be prevented by an additional supply of oxygen.
MESH:  *Animal-Welfare; *Carbon-Dioxide-poisoning; *Euthanasia-veterinary; *Oxygen-administration-and-dosage; *Rats,-Wistar
PT:    JOURNAL-ARTICLE
Record 319 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    Euthanasia of day-old chicks with carbon dioxide and argon.
AU:    Raj-AB; Whittington-PE
SO:    Vet-Rec. 1995 Mar 25; 136(12): 292-4
JN:    VETERINARY-RECORD
ISSN:  0042-4900
PY:    1995
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    ENGLAND
AB:    The efficacy for the euthanasia of day-old chicks of mixtures of carbon dioxide and air, or carbon dioxide and argon containing 1, 2 or 5 per cent residual oxygen, or argon containing 1 or 2 per cent residual oxygen was tested in three experiments. The time to the onset of unconsciousness of individual chicks, determined from the time to loss of posture, was similar during their exposure to 2 per cent oxygen in argon, 20, 30 or 40 per cent carbon dioxide in argon with 2 per cent residual oxygen, or 90 per cent carbon dioxide in air. The exposure of chicks in batches of 20 to a mixture of 20, 30 or 40 per cent carbon dioxide in argon resulted in the death of all the chicks within two minutes. However, a residual oxygen level of 5 per cent in these mixtures resulted in the survival of some chicks for longer than two minutes. With argon alone the level of residual oxygen was critical; less than 2 per cent was essential to achieve 100 per cent mortality within three minutes, and a rise from 2 to about 3 per cent resulted in up to 20 per cent of the chicks surviving for seven minutes.
MESH:  *Argon-; *Carbon-Dioxide; *Euthanasia-veterinary
PT:    JOURNAL-ARTICLE
Record 320 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    Evaluation of methods for the euthanasia of cattle in a foreign animal disease outbreak [see comments]
AU:    Baker-HJ; Scrimgeour-HJ
SO:    Can-Vet-J. 1995 Mar; 36(3): 160-5
JN:    CANADIAN-VETERINARY-JOURNAL
ISSN:  0008-5286
PY:    1995
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    CANADA
AB:    In anticipation of the need to euthanize large numbers of cattle in the event of a foreign animal disease outbreak, two models of captive bolt gun and various firearms and ammunition loads were tested in order to assess their suitability. In the first phase of the project, two models of captive bolt stunner were used in an abattoir, and assessed for effectiveness. In the second phase, several firearms and ammunition were used on isolated bovine heads and assessed for effectiveness. Little difference was found between the two captive bolt stunners. Of the firearms and ammunition evaluated, the Ruger Mini-14 and the Core-Shot round, a prefragmented projectile, were determined to be most suitable. In situations where large herds of livestock are to be depopulated, and where the restraint required for the use of captive bolt stunners is not practical, there are commercially available firearms and ammunition that are suitable for this purpose.
MESH:  *Cattle-Diseases-prevention-and-control; *Disease-Outbreaks-prevention-and-control; *Euthanasia-veterinary
PT:    JOURNAL-ARTICLE
Record 321 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    Equine euthanasia [letter]
AU:    Simons-MA
SO:    Vet-Rec. 1994 Oct 15; 135(16): 388
JN:    VETERINARY-RECORD
ISSN:  0042-4900
PY:    1994
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    ENGLAND
MESH:  *Euthanasia-veterinary; *Horses-
PT:    LETTER
Record 322 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    Risk factors for behavior-related euthanasia among dominant-aggressive dogs: 110 cases (1989-1992).
AU:    Reisner-IR; Erb-HN; Houpt-KA
SO:    J-Am-Vet-Med-Assoc. 1994 Sep 15; 205(6): 855-63
JN:    JOURNAL-OF-THE-AMERICAN-VETERINARY-MEDICAL-ASSOCIATION
ISSN:  0003-1488
PY:    1994
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    UNITED-STATES
AB:    Establishing a prognosis for dogs with dominance-related aggression is difficult. Some dominant-aggressive dogs respond well to treatment; others continue to be serious risks for their owners. A study was performed to identify characteristics of dominance-related aggression and to identify risk factors associated with whether the aggressive behavior led to euthanasia. Medical records of 110 dogs with dominance-related aggression were examined retrospectively; characteristics of owner-directed aggression and eventual outcome of the dogs were recorded. By means of logistic regression, 2 different models were found to describe the association between behavior characteristics and outcome. In the first model, severe aggression in response to benign dominance challenges and body weight > 18.2 kg were associated with outcome. In the second model, unpredictability of aggression and a history of being purchased were associated with outcome. We concluded that dominance-related aggressive behavior can be subclassified according to severity and type and that outcome (ie, euthanasia) may be predictable in some cases.
MESH:  *Aggression-; *Behavior,-Animal; *Dogs-psychology; *Dominance-Subordination; *Euthanasia-veterinary
PT:    JOURNAL-ARTICLE
Record 323 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    Learning from your own pet's euthanasia [see comments]
AU:    Randolph-JW
SO:    J-Am-Vet-Med-Assoc. 1994 Aug 15; 205(4): 544-5
JN:    JOURNAL-OF-THE-AMERICAN-VETERINARY-MEDICAL-ASSOCIATION
ISSN:  0003-1488
PY:    1994
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    UNITED-STATES
MESH:  *Animals,-Domestic; *Bonding,-Human-Pet; *Euthanasia-veterinary; *Veterinary-Medicine-standards
PT:    JOURNAL-ARTICLE
Record 324 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    Semantics of euthanasia [letter; comment]
AU:    Fritz-CL
SO:    J-Am-Vet-Med-Assoc. 1994 Aug 15; 205(4): 536-7
JN:    JOURNAL-OF-THE-AMERICAN-VETERINARY-MEDICAL-ASSOCIATION
ISSN:  0003-1488
PY:    1994
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    UNITED-STATES
MESH:  *Abattoirs-standards; *Animal-Welfare; *Animals,-Domestic; *Euthanasia-veterinary; *Semantics-
PT:    COMMENT; LETTER
Record 325 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    Method of euthanasia does not affect sperm motility in the laboratory rat.
AU:    Slott-VL; Linder-RE; Dyer-CJ
SO:    Reprod-Toxicol. 1994 Jul-Aug; 8(4): 371-4
JN:    REPRODUCTIVE-TOXICOLOGY
ISSN:  0890-6238
PY:    1994
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    UNITED-STATES
AB:    To determine if anesthetic agents used in laboratory animal euthanasia affected sperm motion parameters, rats (n = 10 per group) were euthanized by one of 5 different methods: decapitation alone, or decapitation following either ether, halothane, or Nembutal anesthesia, or CO2 asphyxiation. Sperm were collected from the distal cauda epididymis, diluted, and videotaped for computer-aided sperm analysis (CASA; HTM-2030, Hamilton-Thorn Research, Beverly, MA). The percentage of motile sperm (MOT), their straight-line velocity (VSL), average path velocity (VAP), curvilinear velocity (VCL), linear index (LINX), and linearity (LIN) were measured on > or = 200 motile sperm per sample. No significant differences in any of these 6 motion parameters were found among the treatment groups. Thus, none of these 5 methods of euthanasia affect sperm motion as assessed by CASA methods, making them equally suitable for use in reproductive toxicology studies.
MESH:  *Euthanasia-; *Sperm-Motility-physiology
PT:    JOURNAL-ARTICLE
Record 326 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    Euthanasia and slaughter of livestock [see comments]
AU:    Grandin-T
SO:    J-Am-Vet-Med-Assoc. 1994 May 1; 204(9): 1354-60
JN:    JOURNAL-OF-THE-AMERICAN-VETERINARY-MEDICAL-ASSOCIATION
ISSN:  0003-1488
PY:    1994
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    UNITED-STATES
MESH:  *Abattoirs-; *Animal-Welfare; *Animals,-Domestic; *Euthanasia-veterinary
PT:    JOURNAL-ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW,-TUTORIAL
Record 327 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    Proper and improper ways to use electrocution for euthanasia [letter]
AU:    Bennett-BT
SO:    J-Am-Vet-Med-Assoc. 1994 Apr 1; 204(7): 1000
JN:    JOURNAL-OF-THE-AMERICAN-VETERINARY-MEDICAL-ASSOCIATION
ISSN:  0003-1488
PY:    1994
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    UNITED-STATES
MESH:  *Electric-Injuries-veterinary; *Electroshock-veterinary; *Euthanasia-veterinary
PT:    LETTER
Record 328 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    A comparison of euthanasia methods in rats, using carbon dioxide in prefilled and fixed flow rate filled chambers.
AU:    Hewett-TA; Kovacs-MS; Artwohl-JE; Bennett-BT
SO:    Lab-Anim-Sci. 1993 Dec; 43(6): 579-82
JN:    LABORATORY-ANIMAL-SCIENCE
ISSN:  0023-6764
PY:    1993
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    UNITED-STATES
AB:    The two methods (prefilled and fixed flow rate filled chambers) recommended in the 1993 AVMA Euthanasia Panel report for using carbon dioxide to euthanatize rats were evaluated in terms of their effect on behavior and selected blood gas values. Responses were videotaped during exposure to > or = 90% carbon dioxide in a prefilled chamber or a gradually filled chamber, using a fixed flow rate of 20% chamber volume/min. Arterial blood samples were taken to determine partial pressure of oxygen, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, pH, and oxygen saturation prior to entering the chamber and at time points determined by rats' responses to carbon dioxide. Rats showed similar reactions when exposed to carbon dioxide by either method. Significant differences in mean time for each response to occur were seen between euthanasia methods. Maintaining a near atmospheric oxygen chamber concentration by using a 75% CO2: 20% O2: 5% N2 gas mixture to gradually fill the chamber did not change rats' reactions upon exposure. Significant differences were found between pre-exposure values and values from samples obtained when rats became immobile after entering the prefilled chamber. Partial pressure of carbon dioxide significantly increased, and pH and percent oxygen saturation significantly decreased from pre-exposure values in all samples obtained after rats entered the gradually filled chamber. Partial pressure of oxygen in these rats was greater than or equal to pre-exposure levels in all samples. Rats appeared sedated because of the anesthetic effects of carbon dioxide when immobility was observed. Distress was not observed in the rats when either method of euthanasia was used.
MESH:  *Carbon-Dioxide-adverse-effects; *Euthanasia-veterinary; *Rats,-Sprague-Dawley
PT:    JOURNAL-ARTICLE
Record 329 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    Euthanasia; not always eu.
AU:    Blackmore-DK
SO:    Aust-Vet-J. 1993 Nov; 70(11): 409-13
JN:    AUSTRALIAN-VETERINARY-JOURNAL
ISSN:  0005-0423
PY:    1993
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    AUSTRALIA
MESH:  *Animal-Welfare; *Animals,-Domestic-physiology; *Animals,-Laboratory-physiology; *Euthanasia-veterinary
PT:    JOURNAL-ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW,-TUTORIAL
Record 330 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    Concerned about study on euthanasia [letter; comment]
AU:    Block-G
SO:    J-Am-Vet-Med-Assoc. 1993 Nov 15; 203(10): 1384-5
JN:    JOURNAL-OF-THE-AMERICAN-VETERINARY-MEDICAL-ASSOCIATION
ISSN:  0003-1488
PY:    1993
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    UNITED-STATES
MESH:  *Dogs-physiology; *Euthanasia-veterinary; *Lidocaine-; *Pentobarbital-
PT:    COMMENT; LETTER
Record 331 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    Comparison of pentobarbital alone and pentobarbital in combination with lidocaine for euthanasia of dogs [see comments]
AU:    Evans-AT; Broadstone-R; Stapleton-J; Hooks-TM; Johnston-SM; McNeil-JR
SO:    J-Am-Vet-Med-Assoc. 1993 Sep 1; 203(5): 664-6
JN:    JOURNAL-OF-THE-AMERICAN-VETERINARY-MEDICAL-ASSOCIATION
ISSN:  0003-1488
PY:    1993
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    UNITED-STATES
AB:    Pentobarbital alone, pentobarbital plus 1% lidocaine solution, pentobarbital plus 2% lidocaine solution, and pentobarbital plus 3% lidocaine solution were each used to euthanatize 6 dogs. For each dog, time between the beginning of injection of the euthanasia solution and each of the following events was recorded: collapse, onset of apnea, flat-line electrocardiogram, flat-line electroencephalogram, loss of palpable heartbeat, and loss of palpable pulse. Any signs of pain or discomfort were also recorded. There were no significant differences among groups except for time to flat-line electrocardiogram. Dogs euthanatized with pentobarbital alone had significantly longer times than did dogs euthanatized with pentobarbital in combination with any of the lidocaine concentrations. We concluded that pentobarbital in combination with lidocaine was a reasonable alternative to pentobarbital alone when euthanatizing dogs.
MESH:  *Dogs-physiology; *Euthanasia-veterinary; *Lidocaine-; *Pentobarbital-
PT:    JOURNAL-ARTICLE
Record 332 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    Cardiovascular effects of thoracic compression in horses subjected to euthanasia [see comments]
AU:    Hubbell-JA; Muir-WW; Gaynor-JS
SO:    Equine-Vet-J. 1993 Jul; 25(4): 282-4
JN:    EQUINE-VETERINARY-JOURNAL
ISSN:  0425-1644
PY:    1993
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    ENGLAND
AB:    Six horses scheduled for euthanasia were instrumented for the measurement of blood flow by thermodilution, pulmonary arterial, right atrial and arterial blood pressures and collection of arterial blood for pH and blood gas analysis. The horses were anaesthetised with intravenous (iv) thiamylal sodium (10 mg/kg) and placed in right lateral recumbency. After euthanasia with an overdose of pentobarbitone sodium (100 mg/kg, iv) and loss of the electrocardiogram and arterial pulse pressure, thoracic compression at rates of 40, 60 and 80 compressions/min was instituted. Thoracic compression was accomplished by an investigator who delivered a blow to the chest wall with his knee while dropping from a standing or crouching position. Compression rates of 40, 60 and 80/min produced blood flows of 5.65 +/- 0.5, 6.33 +/- 1.11 and 8.28 +/- 2.16 litres/min, respectively. Compression rates of 80/min produced significantly (P < 0.05) greater blood flows and mean arterial blood pressures than did slower rates. The blood flows produced by 80 thoracic compressions/min were approximately 50% of those reported for deeply anaesthetised horses and while not sufficient to sustain life might be used to prolong life in order to facilitate distribution of resuscitative drugs to vital tissues.
MESH:  *Cardiopulmonary-Resuscitation-veterinary; *Horses-physiology; *Pulmonary-Artery-physiology
PT:    JOURNAL-ARTICLE
Record 333 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    1993 Report of the AVMA Panel on Euthanasia.
SO:    J-Am-Vet-Med-Assoc. 1993 Jan 15; 202(2): 229-49
JN:    JOURNAL-OF-THE-AMERICAN-VETERINARY-MEDICAL-ASSOCIATION
ISSN:  0003-1488
PY:    1993
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    UNITED-STATES
MESH:  *Animals,-Domestic; *Animals,-Laboratory; *Animals,-Wild; *Animals,-Zoo; *Euthanasia-veterinary
PT:    MEETING-REPORT
Record 334 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    [Euthanasia in domestic animals]
TO:    Euthanasie bij gezelschapsdieren.
SO:    Tijdschr-Diergeneeskd. 1992 Dec 1; 117(23): 717-20
JN:    TIJDSCHRIFT-VOOR-DIERGENEESKUNDE
ISSN:  0040-7453
PY:    1992
LA:    DUTCH; NON-ENGLISH
CP:    NETHERLANDS
MESH:  *Animals,-Domestic; *Euthanasia-veterinary
PT:    JOURNAL-ARTICLE
Record 335 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    Euthanasia of horses [letter]
AU:    Jones-RS; Knottenbelt-DK; Mason-K; O'Donnell-E
SO:    Vet-Rec. 1992 Jun 13; 130(24): 544
JN:    VETERINARY-RECORD
ISSN:  0042-4900
PY:    1992
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    ENGLAND
MESH:  *Cellulose-analogs-and-derivatives; *Chloral-Hydrate-analogs-and-derivatives; *Euthanasia-veterinary; *Horses-
PT:    LETTER
Record 336 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    Stalking a killer: the "disease" of euthanasia [news]
AU:    Kahler-S
SO:    J-Am-Vet-Med-Assoc. 1992 Oct 1; 201(7): 973-5
JN:    JOURNAL-OF-THE-AMERICAN-VETERINARY-MEDICAL-ASSOCIATION
ISSN:  0003-1488
PY:    1992
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    UNITED-STATES
MESH:  *Animals,-Domestic; *Euthanasia-veterinary
PT:    NEWS
Record 337 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    Euthanasia by decapitation: evidence that this technique produces prompt, painless unconsciousness in laboratory rodents.
AU:    Holson-RR
SO:    Neurotoxicol-Teratol. 1992 Jul-Aug; 14(4): 253-7
JN:    NEUROTOXICOLOGY-AND-TERATOLOGY
ISSN:  0892-0362
PY:    1992
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    UNITED-STATES
AB:    Rapid euthanasia of laboratory rodents without the use of anesthesia is a necessary research technique whenever there is the likelihood of anesthesia or stress interfering with the chemistry of the tissues under investigation. Decapitation has long been the procedure of choice under such circumstances. Recently, however, the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) panel on euthanasia recommended that decapitation be avoided on the grounds that the decapitated head may be conscious and suffering for as much as 15 seconds. The panel further recommended that if decapitation was scientifically necessary, the decapitated head be immediately immersed in liquid nitrogen. These AVMA guidelines now enjoy regulatory status; the recommendation that decapitation be avoided has thus caused considerable difficulty for all research requiring rapid, anesthesia-free collection of tissues. The scientific validity of these recommendations is consequently a matter of great practical as well as theoretical importance. The decision to discourage decapitation appears to have been based on a single literature report claiming that the EEG of the decapitated head revealed conscious suffering for more than 10 seconds (Mikeska and Klemm 1976). This review carefully examines the scientific literature on this subject. It is concluded that the report by Mikeska and Klemm of EEG activation in the decapitated head is correct, but that this phenomenon is also seen when the decapitated head is under deep anesthesia, and in normal brains under ether anesthesia or during REM sleep. Hence these findings do not demonstrate either consciousness or the perception of pain.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
MESH:  *Animal-Welfare; *Euthanasia-; *Rodentia-; *Unconsciousness-veterinary
PT:    GUIDELINE; JOURNAL-ARTICLE
Record 338 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    [Euthanasia (letter)]
TO:    Euthanasie.
AU:    Tholhuijsen-L
SO:    Tijdschr-Diergeneeskd. 1992 Feb 1; 117(3): 92
JN:    TIJDSCHRIFT-VOOR-DIERGENEESKUNDE
ISSN:  0040-7453
PY:    1992
LA:    DUTCH; NON-ENGLISH
CP:    NETHERLANDS
MESH:  *Euthanasia-veterinary; *Legislation,-Veterinary
PT:    LETTER
Record 339 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    Suffering and euthanasia.
AU:    Cohen-SP; Sawyer-DC
SO:    Probl-Vet-Med. 1991 Mar; 3(1): 101-9
JN:    PROBLEMS-IN-VETERINARY-MEDICINE
ISSN:  1041-0228
PY:    1991
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    UNITED-STATES
AB:    Suffering is a powerful but elusive concept in veterinary medicine. Because the companion animal cannot talk, assessment of suffering requires the best judgment of veterinarian, family, and other interested participants. Determining whether euthanasia is appropriate rests on a similar consensus but is based on the entire medical and social situation. Clinicians need skill, sensitivity, and a well-developed sense of timing to uncover what clients really feel and want. Offering the family options, such as to be present during the euthanasia, makes the veterinarian's task easier and helps clients cope.
MESH:  *Bonding,-Human-Pet; *Cat-Diseases-psychology; *Dog-Diseases-psychology; *Euthanasia-veterinary; *Pain-veterinary
PT:    JOURNAL-ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW,-TUTORIAL
Record 340 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    Ethanol euthanasia and its effect on the binding of antibody generated against an immunogenic peptide construct.
AU:    Lord-R; Jones-GL; Spencer-L
SO:    Res-Vet-Sci. 1991 Sep; 51(2): 164-8
JN:    RESEARCH-IN-VETERINARY-SCIENCE
ISSN:  0034-5288
PY:    1991
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    ENGLAND
AB:    Mice were immunised with an immunogenic peptide construct CKNNNSTNSGI coupled to diphtheria toxoid as a carrier. This peptide sequence contains the epitope STNS which is the target of inhibitory monoclonal antibodies directed against the second merozoite surface antigen of Plasmodium falciparum. Antisera raised against the peptide construct were taken using an injection of 70 per cent ethanol or sodium pentobarbitone as methods of euthanasia and these methods compared by determining their effects on the binding specificity of the antibody to the antigen using the immunological criteria of immunofluorescence, immunoblotting criteria of immunofluorescence, immunoblotting and ELISA assays. There was no significant decrease in antibody binding with either sodium pentobarbitone, or ethanol with a final concentration of less than 30 per cent in mouse antisera. Antisera with an added ethanol concentration of 40 to 60 per cent relaxed antibody conformation and this raises the possibility of using the differential effects of ethanol as a tool in mapping antigenic fine structure of a range of antibodies directed against defined epitopes. The cross-reactive response of non-specific antibodies in polyclonal antisera was lowered at the suggested dosage for ethanol euthanasia. Ethanol has immense potential as an alternative method of euthanasia when barbiturate drugs, such as sodium pentobarbitone, are unavailable in specific experimental protocols. This may especially aid research workers in developing countries involved in vaccine development, antibody production and subsequent serological analysis.
MESH:  *Alcohol,-Ethyl; *Antibodies-metabolism; *Antigens-immunology; *Euthanasia-veterinary; *Oligopeptides-immunology
PT:    JOURNAL-ARTICLE
Record 341 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    Euthanasia of mink (Mustela vison) by means of carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen (N2).
AU:    Enggaard-Hansen-N; Creutzberg-A; Simonsen-HB
SO:    Br-Vet-J. 1991 Mar-Apr; 147(2): 140-6
JN:    BRITISH-VETERINARY-JOURNAL
ISSN:  0007-1935
PY:    1991
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    ENGLAND
AB:    The time periods and the behavioural pattern of mink euthanized with carbon dioxide (CO2), 100% and 70%, carbon monoxide (CO), 4%, and nitrogen (N2), 100%, are described. The time between the placement of the animal in a glass box and the first symptoms of incoordination (phase I), the period of loss of consciousness (phase II), and, finally, the coma phase until cessation of respiration (phase III) using three groups each of 10 pastel male mink each were recorded. Phase I times ranged from 14 s for CO2, 31 s for N2, and 49 s for CO. In phase II, the difference was even more pronounced, being 5 s for CO2, 15 s for CO, and 45 s for N2. In phase III, the time was 58 s for N2, 134 s and 151 s for CO2 and CO respectively. Hence, the critical period from the time when the animals were placed in the glass box till unconsciousness occurred (phase I and II) was 19 s for CO2, 64 s for CO, and 76 s for N2. The total course of euthanasia was 153 s for CO2, 215 s for CO, and 134 s for N2. The following minimum times will be required before it can be judged to be safe to remove the animals: CO2 and N2: 5 min, and for CO: 6.5 min. In a supplementary experiment, involving a mixture of 70% CO2 and 30% atmospheric air, it was not possible within the allotted time to kill adult male mink.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
MESH:  *Carbon-Dioxide; *Carbon-Monoxide; *Euthanasia-veterinary; *Mink-; *Nitrogen-
PT:    JOURNAL-ARTICLE
Record 342 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    Euthanasia of chickens [letter]
AU:    Gregory-NG; Wotton-SB
SO:    Vet-Rec. 1991 Jun 1; 128(22): 532
JN:    VETERINARY-RECORD
ISSN:  0042-4900
PY:    1991
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    ENGLAND
MESH:  *Abattoirs-instrumentation; *Animal-Welfare; *Chickens-
PT:    LETTER
Record 343 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    Coping with euthanasia: a case study of shelter culture.
AU:    Arluke-A
SO:    J-Am-Vet-Med-Assoc. 1991 Apr 1; 198(7): 1176-80
JN:    JOURNAL-OF-THE-AMERICAN-VETERINARY-MEDICAL-ASSOCIATION
ISSN:  0003-1488
PY:    1991
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    UNITED-STATES
MESH:  *Adaptation,-Psychological; *Animal-Welfare; *Animals,-Domestic; *Euthanasia-veterinary
PT:    JOURNAL-ARTICLE
Record 344 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    Administration of euthanasia agents [letter; comment]
AU:    Seif-DP
SO:    J-Am-Vet-Med-Assoc. 1991 Apr 1; 198(7): 1102-3
JN:    JOURNAL-OF-THE-AMERICAN-VETERINARY-MEDICAL-ASSOCIATION
ISSN:  0003-1488
PY:    1991
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    UNITED-STATES
MESH:  *Cats-; *Euthanasia-veterinary
PT:    COMMENT; LETTER
Record 345 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    Method of euthanasia in animal study [letter]
AU:    Gregory-SP; Waterman-AE; Weaver-BM
SO:    Radiology. 1991 Apr; 179(1): 288
JN:    RADIOLOGY
ISSN:  0033-8419
PY:    1991
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    UNITED-STATES
MESH:  *Euthanasia-
PT:    LETTER
Record 346 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    The effect of mouse euthanasia technique on subsequent lymphocyte proliferation and cell mediated lympholysis assays.
AU:    Howard-HL; McLaughlin-Taylor-E; Hill-RL
SO:    Lab-Anim-Sci. 1990 Sep; 40(5): 510-4
JN:    LABORATORY-ANIMAL-SCIENCE
ISSN:  0023-6764
PY:    1990
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    UNITED-STATES
AB:    The purpose of this study was to determine the effects that specific euthanasia methods have on mitogen induced lymphocyte proliferation (LP) and the induction of alloantigen specific cytolytic T-lymphocytes (CTL). Mice were euthanatized by cervical dislocation (CD), or anesthesia with methoxyflurane or pentobarbital followed by CD (M-CD or P-CD respectively), CO2 overexposure (CO2-OD) or halothane overexposure (H-OD). Mitogenic lymphoproliferation was increased in cells derived from mice euthanatized by M-CD and P-CD. In contrast, the cytolytic profile of CTL derived from mice euthanatized by P-CD, CO2-OD and H-OD was decreased. The results of this study show that euthanasia techniques involving the use of methoxyflurane, pentobarbital, CO2 and halothane affect in vitro lymphoproliferation and CTL function. We conclude that the method of euthanasia influences certain immunologic parameters and selection of a particular technique should be given careful consideration.
MESH:  *Euthanasia-veterinary; *Lymphocytes-physiology; *T-Lymphocytes,-Cytotoxic-immunology
PT:    JOURNAL-ARTICLE
Record 347 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    The effect of euthanasia technique on vascular arachidonic acid metabolism and vascular and intestinal smooth muscle contractility.
AU:    Butler-MM; Griffey-SM; Clubb-FJ Jr; Gerrity-LW; Campbell-WB
SO:    Lab-Anim-Sci. 1990 May; 40(3): 277-83
JN:    LABORATORY-ANIMAL-SCIENCE
ISSN:  0023-6764
PY:    1990
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    UNITED-STATES
AB:    This study was designed to determine the effects that specific euthanasia methods have on vascular arachidonic acid metabolism and vascular and intestinal smooth muscle contractility. Rats were euthanatized by decapitation (DC), pentobarbital overdose (PB), or anesthesia with CO2, methoxyflurane or ether followed by DC (CO2-DC, Met-DC, Ether-DC, respectively). Rabbits were killed by a similar protocol, but CO2 overexposure replaced Ether-DC. The rat and rabbit aortas produced mainly 6-keto PGF1 alpha, the prostacyclin metabolite, and lesser amounts of PGE2. No qualitative differences were seen in arachidonate metabolites. However, aortic tissue from rabbits and rats killed by Met-DC produced more prostacyclin. In contrast, aorta from rabbits euthanatized by CO2-DC produced less prostacyclin than controls, whereas aorta from rats killed in the same way yielded greater amounts of prostacyclin. Aortic tissue from rabbits killed by Met-DC and CO2-OD was less responsive to acetylcholine (ACH). Intestinal contractility to ACH was increased in rabbits when Met-DC was used as the method of euthanasia, while colon from rats sacrificed by Met-DC showed decreased responsiveness to ACH. Colon from rats killed by intraperitoneal PB exhibited altered contractility to ACH and norepinephrine. The results of this study show that methoxyflurane, carbon dioxide (rabbit) and pentobarbital (rat) alter the vascular synthesis of prostacyclin and smooth muscle contractility. We conclude that the method of euthanasia affects certain physiologic parameters and careful consideration should be given to the selection of a particular euthanasia technique.
MESH:  *Arachidonic-Acids-metabolism; *Euthanasia-veterinary; *Muscle,-Smooth-metabolism; *Muscle,-Smooth,-Vascular-metabolism; *Rabbits-; *Rats,-Inbred-Strains; *6-Ketoprostaglandin-F1-alpha-biosynthesis
PT:    JOURNAL-ARTICLE
Record 348 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    Evaluation of intraperitoneal and intrahepatic administration of a euthanasia agent in animal shelter cats [see comments]
AU:    Grier-RL; Schaffer-CB
SO:    J-Am-Vet-Med-Assoc. 1990 Dec 15; 197(12): 1611-5
JN:    JOURNAL-OF-THE-AMERICAN-VETERINARY-MEDICAL-ASSOCIATION
ISSN:  0003-1488
PY:    1990
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    UNITED-STATES
AB:    One hundred eighty-one adult cats, with body weight greater than 1.8 kg, were obtained from animal shelters, then were administered a sodium pentobarbital-lidocaine euthanasia agent by either the intraperitoneal (IP; n = 77) or intrahepatic (IH; n = 85) route. A preliminary study (n = 19 cats) indicated that most cats gave no indication of perception of injection (responding) if restraint was minimal and injection was rapid. During IP injection, 3 of the 77 cats (4%) responded (turned the head backward or vocalized). Of the 85 cats given IH injection, 8 (9%) responded; however, no response approached the magnitude of that observed after IM injection of ketamine hydrochloride. After either injection route, cats were observed for excitement (any exaggerated activities of stage-I and -II anesthesia (eg, vocalizing, flopping, sneezing, licking, running, paddling), and after cardiac standstill, cats were necropsied to identify exact location (final site) of the injection. Of 53 initial IP injections, final site for 22 (42%) was in the peritoneal cavity (PC). Use of a sideport needle (n = 24) did not significantly increase accuracy of IP injection. The small and large intestines were penetrated by 27% (15/55) of the IP injections from the right side, and the spleen was penetrated by 32% (7/22) of the left-side injections. Intrahepatic injection was significantly (P less than 0.05) more accurate, with 70 of 85 (82%) of the final sites being the liver only, the liver/PC, or the PC only. Twenty-five percent (13/53) of IP injections resulted in excitement (all stage-I and -II anesthesia-exaggerated activities cumulative to 30 seconds).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
MESH:  *Cats-; *Euthanasia-veterinary; *Lidocaine-administration-and-dosage; *Pentobarbital-administration-and-dosage
PT:    JOURNAL-ARTICLE
Record 349 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    Humane euthanasia and companion animal death: caring for the animal, the client, and the veterinarian.
AU:    Hart-LA; Hart-BL; Mader-B
SO:    J-Am-Vet-Med-Assoc. 1990 Nov 15; 197(10): 1292-9
JN:    JOURNAL-OF-THE-AMERICAN-VETERINARY-MEDICAL-ASSOCIATION
ISSN:  0003-1488
PY:    1990
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    UNITED-STATES
MESH:  *Bonding,-Human-Pet; *Euthanasia-veterinary; *Grief-
PT:    JOURNAL-ARTICLE
Record 350 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    [Euthanasia of (bull)frogs (letter)]
TO:    Euthanasia van (brul)kikkers.
AU:    Zwart-P
SO:    Tijdschr-Diergeneeskd. 1990 Sep 15; 115(18): 852
JN:    TIJDSCHRIFT-VOOR-DIERGENEESKUNDE
ISSN:  0040-7453
PY:    1990
LA:    DUTCH; NON-ENGLISH
CP:    NETHERLANDS
MESH:  *Euthanasia-veterinary; *Rana-catesbeiana
PT:    LETTER
Record 351 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    [Euthanasia of bullfrogs (rana catesbeiana)]
TO:    Euthanasie van brulkikkers c.q. stierkikkers (Rana catesbiana).
AU:    Zwart-P
SO:    Tijdschr-Diergeneeskd. 1990 Sep 15; 115(18): 847
JN:    TIJDSCHRIFT-VOOR-DIERGENEESKUNDE
ISSN:  0040-7453
PY:    1990
LA:    DUTCH; NON-ENGLISH
CP:    NETHERLANDS
MESH:  *Euthanasia-veterinary; *Rana-catesbeiana
PT:    JOURNAL-ARTICLE
Record 352 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    Equine euthanasia [letter; comment]
SO:    J-Am-Vet-Med-Assoc. 1990 Sep 1; 197(5): 555-6
JN:    JOURNAL-OF-THE-AMERICAN-VETERINARY-MEDICAL-ASSOCIATION
ISSN:  0003-1488
PY:    1990
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    UNITED-STATES
MESH:  *Euthanasia-veterinary; *Horses-physiology
PT:    COMMENT; LETTER
Record 353 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    On the use of T61 for euthanasia of domestic and laboratory animals; an ethical evaluation.
AU:    Hellebrekers-LJ; Baumans-V; Bertens-AP; Hartman-W
SO:    Lab-Anim. 1990 Jul; 24(3): 200-4
JN:    LABORATORY-ANIMALS
ISSN:  0023-6772
PY:    1990
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    ENGLAND
AB:    A number of experiments was carried out to determine the sequence of events leading to death following administration of the euthanizing agent T61. Simultaneous recordings of the EMG, EEG, ECG and end-tidal CO2 (dogs only) were obtained in acutely instrumented rabbits and dogs. Results show that following T61 administration the loss of consciousness and loss of muscle activity occurred simultaneously. Vocalization and increased muscle movement occurred in the initial phase of the injection in 3 of 8 dogs, injected with T61 or butyramide. From this study it was concluded that the presence of the muscle relaxant does not pose an ethical problem for the use of T61 as an euthanizing agent, but our results suggest that the use of T61 may have some emotionally unpleasant side-effects.
MESH:  *Amides-pharmacology; *Ammonium-Compounds-pharmacology; *Animals,-Domestic; *Animals,-Laboratory; *Ethics,-Professional; *Euthanasia-veterinary; *Tetracaine-pharmacology
PT:    JOURNAL-ARTICLE
Record 354 of 354 - MEDLINE (R) Advanced
TI:    Concerned about euthanasia of healthy, homeless animals [letter]
AU:    Olson-PN
SO:    J-Am-Vet-Med-Assoc. 1990 Jan 1; 196(1): 10
JN:    JOURNAL-OF-THE-AMERICAN-VETERINARY-MEDICAL-ASSOCIATION
ISSN:  0003-1488
PY:    1990
LA:    ENGLISH
CP:    UNITED-STATES
MESH:  *Animal-Welfare; *Cats-; *Dogs-; *Euthanasia-veterinary
PT:    LETTER