From MAILER-DAEMON Sat Jan  1 13:48:04 2000
Date: Sat, 1 Jan 2000 13:48:04 -0500 (EST)
From: Mail System Internal Data <MAILER-DAEMON@aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: DON'T DELETE THIS MESSAGE -- FOLDER INTERNAL DATA
X-IMAP: 0915636898 0000000833
Status: RO
This text is part of the internal format of your mail folder, and is not
a real message.  It is created automatically by the mail system software.
If deleted, important folder data will be lost, and it will be re-created
with the data reset to initial values.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Jan  4 02:27:41 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id CAA28865; Mon, 4 Jan 1999 02:27:40 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id CAA23850; Mon, 4 Jan 1999 02:37:17 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma023843; Mon, 4 Jan 99 02:37:11 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id GAA10766; Mon, 4 Jan 1999 06:39:15 GMT
Received: from pearl.aims.gov.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id BAA10757; Mon, 4 Jan 1999 01:39:03 -0500
Received: from charliev.aims.gov.au ([138.7.37.12])
	by pearl.aims.gov.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id QAA25974
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 4 Jan 1999 16:30:28 +1000 (EST)
Message-Id: <3.0.1.32.19990104161750.006d1a68@email.aims.gov.au>
X-Sender: dfenner@email.aims.gov.au
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0.1 (32)
Date: Mon, 04 Jan 1999 16:17:50 +1100
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Doug Fenner <d.fenner@aims.gov.au>
Subject: Indonesian reef condition
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 1
Coral-listers;
I'd like to confirm that some Indonesian reefs are still in relatively good
condition.  An expedition by Conservation International to the Togean and
Banggai Islands of Sulawesi, Indonesia in Oct-Nov 1998, found reefs in
relatively good shape.  Live corals and small fish were abundant, and there
were relatively few signs of destructive fishing practices.  Water
temperatures were relatively high in the Togians, and some bleaching was
seen (as of late Oct), but neither was present in the Banggais.  Bunaken
Is., near Manado, Sulawesi, was heavily bleached by mid-Nov.  A press
release can be seen at
http://www.conservation.org/web/news/pressrel/98-1207.htm
-Doug Fenner
Douglas Fenner, Ph.D.
Coral Taxonomist
Australian Institute of Marine Science
PMB No 3
Townsville MC
Queensland 4810
Australia
phone 07 4753 4241
e-mail: d.fenner@aims.gov.au
web: http://www.aims.gov.au
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Jan  4 04:15:46 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id EAA29286; Mon, 4 Jan 1999 04:15:45 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id EAA24920; Mon, 4 Jan 1999 04:25:20 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma024910; Mon, 4 Jan 99 04:24:33 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id IAA11408; Mon, 4 Jan 1999 08:37:30 GMT
Received: from VMS.HUJI.AC.IL by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id DAA11403; Mon, 4 Jan 1999 03:37:24 -0500
Received: by HUJIVMS via SMTP(132.64.212.11_91550) (HUyMail-V7d);
          Mon, 04 Jan 1999 10:28:57 +0200
Received: by HUJIVMS via SMTP(132.64.212.11_91550) (HUyMail-V7d);
          Mon, 04 Jan 1999 10:28:40 +0200
Message-Id: <3.0.5.32.19990104102747.007ee500@popeye.cc.biu.ac.il>
X-Sender: glassod@popeye.cc.biu.ac.il
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.5 (32)
Date: Mon, 04 Jan 1999 10:27:47 +0200
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: david <glassod@popeye.cc.biu.ac.il>
Subject: advice
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 2
Dear coral list
I am doing a project on coral recruitment to settlement plates on a budget
that makes the proverbial shoestring seem lavish. I have over 200
settlement plates (unglazed ceramic tiles) in the water and aim to change
them every 3 months.
To save money I am considering cleaning and recycling previously used
plates, rather than buying new ones each time. However I am uncertain
whether reusing plates could be considered to have 'altered' the substrate,
making it difficult to compare data from new and used plates. Scrubbing the
plates with a hard brush seems to remove any residues, but they could be
washed in a mild acid solution if necessary.
any comments / advice would be appreciated.
Sincerely,
David Glassom
Inter University Institute
Eilat, Israel
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Jan  5 20:31:05 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id UAA00583; Tue, 5 Jan 1999 20:31:03 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA12548; Tue, 5 Jan 1999 20:40:44 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma012493; Tue, 5 Jan 99 20:39:42 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id BAA27763; Wed, 6 Jan 1999 01:12:53 GMT
Message-Id: <199901060112.BAA27763@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: Sue Cook <scook@HBOI.edu>
To: "'coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov'" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Cc: Jill Sunderland <Sunderland@HBOI.edu>
Subject: Reef-related short courses at HBOI
Date: Tue, 5 Jan 1999 12:30:27 -0500
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 3
Summer courses on reef-related topics at Harbor Branch Oceanographic
Institution
In 1999, several reef-related short courses will be offered by the J. Seward
Johnson Marine Education Center of Harbor Branch:
Biology of Sea Turtles, May 10 - May 22.  Dr. Jeanette Wyneken, Florida
Atlantic University,.  An introduction to behavioral, ecological and
evolutionary adaptations.
Biology of Tropical Marine Plants, May 17 - June 8.  Dr. Dennis Hanisak,
HBOI.  Biology of marine plants and the roles they play in tropical and
sub-tropical habitats (including coral reefs).  Field work in the Florida
Keys.
Molecular Studies of Marine Biodiversity, May 24 - June 4.  Joint course
with George Mason University.  Dr. Jose Lopez, HBOI.  Course includes 3 days
at HBOI and 9 days at the Andros Field Station in the Bahamas.  Laboratory
and field studies of intra - and interspecific genetic variation of selected
marine invertebrates.  Focus on tropical mangrove and coral reef habitats in
the Indian River Lagoon and Andros Island, Bahamas.
Functional Biology of Invertebrates, June 9 - July 2.  Dr. Clay Cook, Dr.
Craig Young, HBOI. The functional, morphology, physiology, behavior, and
reproduction of invertebrates, as illustrated by the marine fauna of
Florida.  Field work in reef environments in the Florida Keys.
For a complete list of HBOI's 1999 courses, see our website (www.hboi.edu).
All courses are accredited either through the Florida Institute of
Technology or George Mason University.  Scholarships are available for most
courses and may be substantial (30-70% of course cost for well qualified
students).  For more information, contact Dr. Sue Cook (scook@hboi.edu) or
Jill Sunderland at HBOI, 5600 US #1 North, Ft. Pierce, Florida 34946; phone
(800) 333-4264, ext. 500; FAX (561) 465-5743; e-mail (education@hboi.edu).
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Jan  5 20:46:18 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id UAA00696; Tue, 5 Jan 1999 20:46:17 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA13000; Tue, 5 Jan 1999 20:55:57 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma012981; Tue, 5 Jan 99 20:55:23 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id BAA27789; Wed, 6 Jan 1999 01:17:02 GMT
Message-Id: <199901060117.BAA27789@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Wed, 6 Jan 1999 09:14:16 +1000
From: Ray Berkelmans <rayb@gbrmpa.gov.au>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: ITMEMS Statement on Coral Bleaching
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 4
International Tropical Marine Ecosystems Management Symposium (ITMEMS)
                  Statement on Coral Bleaching
                        ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
A summit meeting on coral bleaching by world experts on coral bleaching
held in Townsville on 24 November 1998 released the following statement on
the status of reefs following the 1998 global coral bleaching event.
Tropical sea surface temperatures in 1997/98 have been higher than at any
other time in the modern record. Record SST increases over the tropics in
the past 15 years are not explained by existing climate models. The coral
bleaching associated with the high sea surface temperatures has affected
almost all species of corals.  Loss of some corals more than 1000 years
old indicates the severity of this event. Associated reef invertebrates
have been severely affected by unusually high sea temperatures.
Global coral bleaching and die off is unprecedented in geographic extent,
depth and severity, though it is highly spatially variable.  The only
major reef region spared from coral bleaching appears to be the Central
Pacific.  In some portions of the Indian Ocean, mortality is as high as
90%.
Coral bleaching is a general response to environmental stress, in
particular high temperature but also high irradiance, fluctuating
salinities, silt or combinations of these factors.
High seawater temperature may be related to global warming.  According to
the IPCC 1998, global temperature has significantly increased since 1860.
Corals live on the upper edge of their temperature tolerance, with high
temperatures directly damaging aspects of their physiology.  Thus, an
increase by about 2 degrees Celsius as predicted by IPCC for the next 50
years is of concern.  We do not know how much of this temperature increase
will affect the tropics, or whether corals can adapt to predicted
temperature increases.
Current projections of global warming suggest there will be increased
frequency of coral bleaching and coral mortality.
These events will eventually have important negative consequences for
biodiversity, fisheries, tourism and shore protection provided by coral
reefs.
There is a need for a cross disciplinary research effort (including
ecologists, climatologists, chemists, oceanographers and remote sensors)
to evaluate the immediate and ultimate causes of coral bleaching, its link
to climate change, and the effect of coral bleaching on the ecosystem as a
whole.
ITMEMS recommends that a multi-disciplinary taskforce be immediately set
up to thoroughly inform the IPCC on coral reef issues prior to their next
report due in 2001.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Jan  6 05:45:59 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id FAA02842; Wed, 6 Jan 1999 05:45:50 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id FAA21272; Wed, 6 Jan 1999 05:55:30 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma021262; Wed, 6 Jan 99 05:55:17 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id KAA02194; Wed, 6 Jan 1999 10:27:05 GMT
Message-Id: <199901061027.KAA02194@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Tue, 05 Jan 1999 15:54:41 -1000
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Rick Grigg <rgrigg@iniki.soest.hawaii.edu>
Subject: Re: ITMEMS Statement on Coral Bleaching
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 5
Dear all,
	Not to make light of the current status of coral reefs vis-a-vis
bleaching events in 1998/99, the coral reef scientific community might at
the same time contemplate the question of how coral reefs survived during
warmer times in the past, such as 17-20 Pleistocene interglacials, not to
mention the Cretaceous, when the world's oceans may have been many degrees
celcius warmer than today.  One answer might be that such changes occurred
over thousands or hundreds of thousands of years allowing corals to adapt.
Another might suggest that corals are more resilient or adaptable than we
think.  Whatever the explanation, we should not fail to consider the role
of paleoclimate in the evolution and current status of corals.
					Rick Grigg
					Dept. of Oceanography
					University of Hawaii
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Jan  6 07:54:16 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id HAA03811; Wed, 6 Jan 1999 07:54:15 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA24569; Wed, 6 Jan 1999 08:03:56 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma024526; Wed, 6 Jan 99 08:03:20 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA03103; Wed, 6 Jan 1999 12:40:14 GMT
Received: from VMS.HUJI.AC.IL by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id HAA03094; Wed, 6 Jan 1999 07:40:06 -0500
Received: by HUJIVMS via SMTP(132.64.212.11_106621) (HUyMail-V7d);
          Wed, 06 Jan 1999 14:31:29 +0200
Received: by HUJIVMS via SMTP(132.64.212.11_106621) (HUyMail-V7d);
          Wed, 06 Jan 1999 14:31:11 +0200
Message-Id: <3.0.5.32.19990106143023.0079f6e0@popeye.cc.biu.ac.il>
X-Sender: glassod@popeye.cc.biu.ac.il
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.5 (32)
Date: Wed, 06 Jan 1999 14:30:23 +0200
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: david <glassod@popeye.cc.biu.ac.il>
Subject: advice
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 6
Dear coral list
The response to my request for advice on re-using settlement plates was
really helpful.  For anyone else considering doing this, the general
consensus seems to be that scrubbing the tiles, and possibly acid-washing
them should adequately remove any residues, but there was one
recommendation that i burn them with a propane torch as some pheromones
might be resilient to other treatments.
Thanks to all who answered.
David Glassom
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Jan  6 09:04:30 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA04900; Wed, 6 Jan 1999 09:04:28 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA28377; Wed, 6 Jan 1999 09:14:09 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028328; Wed, 6 Jan 99 09:13:25 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA03479; Wed, 6 Jan 1999 13:34:45 GMT
Received: from bio.bu.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id IAA03474; Wed, 6 Jan 1999 08:34:41 -0500
Received: from [128.197.80.172] (MBL-MAC1.BU.EDU [128.197.80.172])
	by bio.bu.edu ((8.8.8.buoit.v1.0)/8.8.8/(BU-S-10/16/98-v1.0a)) with SMTP id IAA13537
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 6 Jan 1999 08:25:56 -0500 (EST)
Message-Id: <199901061325.IAA13537@bio.bu.edu>
X-Sender: lesk@bio.bu.edu
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Date: Wed, 6 Jan 1999 08:39:18 -0400
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: lesk@bio.bu.edu (Les Kaufman)
Subject: Rick's caution regarding corals' rocky histories
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 7
I for one am not so concerned about the likelihood of coral communities
surviving warming spells, all else being equal.  Rather, we should be very
worried about the degree to which other anthropogenic impacts may
compromise this resiliency.  A parsimonious scenario would have reefs
rebounding quickly in many places most distant from human activity, and
disappearing for a good long while anywhere near people.  This is not a
good thing for people.  Hence, the proximal concern is for people at least
as much as for coral!
Les Kaufman
Boston University Marine Program
Department of Biology
Boston University
5 Cummington Street
Boston, MA 02215
e-mail: lesk@bio.bu.edu
phone: 617-353-5560
fax:   617-353-6340
 Ex Africa semper aliquid novi.
"There is always something new out of Africa."
 - Pliny the Elder
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Jan  6 09:52:14 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA05594; Wed, 6 Jan 1999 09:52:12 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA02517; Wed, 6 Jan 1999 10:01:53 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma002490; Wed, 6 Jan 99 10:01:31 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA03858; Wed, 6 Jan 1999 14:35:23 GMT
Received: from cimrs1.mnhn.fr by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id JAA03853; Wed, 6 Jan 1999 09:35:16 -0500
Received: from [194.254.75.31] (bimmg.mnhn.fr [194.254.75.31])
          by cimrs1.mnhn.fr (8.8.5/mnhn-5.2.9.2) with ESMTP id QAA09880
          for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 6 Jan 1999 16:12:09 +0100
Date: Wed, 6 Jan 1999 16:12:09 +0100
X-Sender: guillaum@cimrs1.mnhn.fr
Message-Id: <v03007800b2b92e387156@[194.254.75.31]>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Mireille Guillaume <guillaum@cimrs1.mnhn.fr>
Subject: reef fish ectoparasites
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by cimrs1.mnhn.fr id QAA09880
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id JAA05594
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 8
Dear collegues,
During our tagging program of parrotfishes in the sourthern Red Sea
(Massawa, Eritrea), we recently found some scarid species infested with
large isopod ectoparasites. We would like to have these parasites
identified by  an expert, but do not know whom to contact.
Is there anyone out there who could identify these isopods, or else,
suggest me a taxonomist who would have time to have a close look at these
fish parasites.
Many thanks in advance for your reactions.
Sincerely, Henrich
Please reply to:
Henrich Bruggemann
Email: henrich@eol.com.er
or:
Mireille Guillaume
Dr. Mireille GUILLAUME
Curator of the Stony Coral Collection
Musum National d'Histoire Naturelle
Laboratoire de Biologie des Invertbrs marins et Malacologie
55 rue Buffon
75005 Paris FRANCE
Tel : 00 33 (0)1 40 79 30 90
Fax : 00 33 (0)1 40 79 30 89
E-mail : <guillaum@mnhn.fr>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Jan  6 10:45:28 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA07682; Wed, 6 Jan 1999 10:45:26 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA07680; Wed, 6 Jan 1999 10:55:06 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma007657; Wed, 6 Jan 99 10:54:57 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA04222; Wed, 6 Jan 1999 15:16:10 GMT
Received: from seas.marine.usf.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA04213; Wed, 6 Jan 1999 10:16:05 -0500
Received: from localhost by seas.marine.usf.edu (8.9.1a/8.9.1) with SMTP id KAA16050;
	Wed, 6 Jan 1999 10:07:19 -0500 (EST)
Date: Wed, 6 Jan 1999 10:07:17 -0500 (EST)
From: Pam Muller <pmuller@seas.marine.usf.edu>
To: Rick Grigg <rgrigg@iniki.soest.hawaii.edu>
cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: ITMEMS Statement on Coral Bleaching
In-Reply-To: <199901061027.KAA02194@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Message-ID: <Pine.GSO.4.02.9901060923200.12313-100000@seas.marine.usf.edu>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 9
Re: reefs in warmer times in the geologic record
1. Pleistocene interglacial reefs probably didn't have to contend with
a doubling of the rate of fixed nitrogen into terrestrial (and
ultimately aquatic) ecosystems, sedimentation associated with
deforestation and other anthropogenic changes in land use practices, the
plethora of new diseases transported and mixed by ships traveling
worldwide, and a 10-15% increase in biologically damaging/mutagenic UV
radiation.  And while they did experience somewhat higher CO2 levels,
certainly not the rate and magnitude of increase that may bring
Eocene-like atmospheric concentrations in the next century.
2. In Cretaceous and Eocene limestone, corals are generally quite common
and diverse, but it is my understanding from the literature and field
observations that corals were far less important as reef builders,
especially in shelf environments, during those warmer times.  They were
supposedly most common in shelf margin environments where temperatures
were at least more stable if not a bit cooler.
3. There are several hypotheses for the dominance of rudists as
bank/platform-top builders of reefs in the Cretaceous, all providing
possible insight into the 21st century prognosis for coral reefs.
Higher CO2 levels shift the calcification advantage away from aragonite
towards calcite (see, e.g., Chapter 2 in Birkeland's Life and Death of
Coral Reefs). Steve Stanley at Johns Hopkins thinks that higher Ca/Mg
ratios also favors calcite production.  Many rudists produced both.  Also,
the more advanced organ-level physiology of the bivalve rudists may have
enabled them to be more tolerant of temperature, salinity and
sedimentation extremes. Some European specialists still dispute whether
rudists had algal symbionts and , if they are right, "bleaching" was not
an issue. E. Gili and P. Skelton have several recent papers on the
rudist/coral story.
4. As for the Late Paleocene-Eocene, coralline algae (variable Mg calcite)
and larger forams (low Mg calcite) tended to be the dominant
shelf carbonate producers.  Stan Frost contended that corals really didn't
shift fully to reef-building mode until the mid Oligocene.  That is
consistent with global cooling/falling atmospheric CO2 levels (and falling
ca/mg ratios in seawater associated with slowing rates of seafloor
spreading, if I understand the Stanley hypothesis correctly).
Thus, the paleo-record does provide insight, and the indication is not
necessarily hopeful for the future of coral reefs.  Though many coral
species will probably survive and thrive - they just won't necessarily
have the production potential to build reefs.  The losers will likely be
the reef-dependent taxa (corals and others).
BUT LARGER FORAMS MAY RULE AGAIN!!!
Pamela Hallock Muller
Department of Marine Science
University of South Florida
140 Seventh Avenue South
St. Petersburg, FL 33701 USA
pmuller@marine.usf.edu
Phone: 727-553-1567
FAX: 727-553-1189 	NOTE NEW AREA CODE!!!
"Discovery consists of seeing what everybody has seen and thinking what
nobody has thought."  - Albert Szent-Gyorgyi -
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Jan  6 12:36:43 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA10053; Wed, 6 Jan 1999 12:36:41 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA14971; Wed, 6 Jan 1999 12:46:22 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma014931; Wed, 6 Jan 99 12:45:54 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA05395; Wed, 6 Jan 1999 17:17:58 GMT
Received: from mail.mia.bellsouth.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA05390; Wed, 6 Jan 1999 12:17:54 -0500
Received: from bellsouth.net (host-209-215-30-14.mia.bellsouth.net [209.215.30.14])
	by mail.mia.bellsouth.net (8.8.8-spamdog/8.8.5) with ESMTP id MAA24550
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 6 Jan 1999 12:09:11 -0500 (EST)
Message-ID: <369399D0.D8ECB8DD@bellsouth.net>
Date: Wed, 06 Jan 1999 12:13:52 -0500
From: DeeVon Quirolo <reef@bellsouth.net>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.04 [en]C-bls40  (Win95; U)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Cuban coral reefs
Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="------------7A3E12CA446C0F1A7381B7A8"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 10
--------------7A3E12CA446C0F1A7381B7A8
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Reef Relief now has available the results of the June 1998 Cuba
Expedition by Craig Quirolo, Director of Marine Projects.  Reef Relief
has entered into an agreement with the Cuban Institute of Oceanography
to survey the coral reefs of Cuba over a five year period.  In June,
1998, Craig and DeeVon Quirolo sailed the entire length of the
Archipelago de los Colorados to survey the adjacent coral reefs.  These
reefs, located on the northwest coast of Cuba, are known as the Arecifes
los Colorados.
This multi-media package  includes a 62-page report containing the slide
images, notes from the log of the Stormy Weather and various charts
depicting the course of the expedition, as well as 7 CD ROM's containing
slide images in high resolution (approximately 36 thirty-five millimeter
slides were taken at each video transect site), and 5 video tapes
containing 8  sixty meter transects with indexed time counts of the
coral reefs surveyed.
This is the first survey of these coral reefs in the past eight years,
according to scientists at the Cuban Institute of Oceanography.  It is
now available for coral reef researchers to use unconditionally for any
studies you may be interested in.
Cost of complete multi-media report is $300.00 payable to Reef Relief.
62-page color report only is $75.00
7 CD ROMs of slide images only is $175.00
5 VHS tapes of video transects only is $75.00
For more information or to order the 1998 Reef Relief Cuba Expedition
Report, contact Reef Relief at reef@bellsouth.com or call (305)
294-3100.
--------------7A3E12CA446C0F1A7381B7A8
Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
<HTML>
Reef Relief now has available the results of the <I>June 1998 Cuba Expedition</I>
by Craig Quirolo, Director of Marine Projects.&nbsp; Reef Relief has entered
into an agreement with the Cuban Institute of Oceanography to survey the
coral reefs of Cuba over a five year period.&nbsp; In June, 1998, Craig
and DeeVon Quirolo sailed the entire length of the Archipelago de los Colorados
to survey the adjacent coral reefs.&nbsp; These reefs, located on the northwest
coast of Cuba, are known as the Arecifes los Colorados.
<P>This multi-media package&nbsp; includes a 62-page report containing
the slide images, notes from the log of the <I>Stormy Weather </I>and various
charts depicting the course of the expedition, as well as 7 CD ROM's containing
slide images in high resolution (approximately 36 thirty-five millimeter
slides were taken at each video transect site), and 5 video tapes containing
8&nbsp; sixty meter transects with indexed time counts of the coral reefs
surveyed.
<P>This is the first survey of these coral reefs in the past eight years,
according to scientists at the Cuban Institute of Oceanography.&nbsp; It
is now available for coral reef researchers to use unconditionally for
any studies you may be interested in.
<P>Cost of complete multi-media report is $300.00 payable to Reef Relief.
<BR>62-page color report only is $75.00
<BR>7 CD ROMs of slide images only is $175.00
<BR>5 VHS tapes of video transects only is $75.00
<P>For more information or to order the 1998 Reef Relief Cuba Expedition
Report, contact Reef Relief at reef@bellsouth.com or call (305) 294-3100.</HTML>
--------------7A3E12CA446C0F1A7381B7A8--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Jan 21 20:07:58 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA04212; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 17:17:43 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA09870; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 17:20:11 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma009848; Thu, 21 Jan 99 17:19:15 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA01581; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 21:37:21 GMT
Received: from faro.ens.uabc.mx by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA01576; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 16:37:16 -0500
Received: from faro ([148.231.152.35])
	by faro.ens.uabc.mx (8.8.7/8.8.7) with SMTP id NAA14048
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 13:37:54 -0800
Message-Id: <1.5.4.32.19990121214705.00827548@bahia.ens.uabc.mx>
X-Sender: jdcarriq@bahia.ens.uabc.mx
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Light Version 1.5.4 (32)
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 13:47:05 -0800
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: "Jose D. Carriquiry" <jdcarriq@faro.ens.uabc.mx>
Subject: Sustainable Coral Farming/Harvesting?
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id RAA04212
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 11
Hello,
        I recently subscribed to this list, and realized that I probably
missed a big part of the initial comments on coral farming/harvesting.
Obviously that coral harvesting/farming can not only be important for
Commercial trade matters, but also for the potential use of the applied
techniques for restoration of damaged reefs as well as for the sustainable
use of these ecosystems (while commercially exploiting) by the people that
make their living from the reef. My question is, are there somewhere Coral
Farms that actually harvest new recruits (not coral-branch clippings) on
artificial surfaces that, apart from participating in the commercial trade
of corals, they also participate in the promotion of the sustainable use of
coral reefs? Visiting coral farms like these would be of great value for all
those who are interested in learning and promoting the conservation and good
use of these
ecosystems. Do these farms exist? Is there a farm out there that any one of you
would recommend visiting? or are these places "restricted access business" that
do not allow visitors?. For example, although salmon farming in North
America has become somewhat controversial, most salmon farmers allow
visitors into their farms so they can see by themselves the pros and
cons of these commercial aquacultural centers (they actually have web-sites
available for letting us see what and how they do it).
        Your response will be greatly acknowledged
Jos Carriquiry
                                  ,,,
                                  (o o)
------------------------------oOO--(_)--OOo-----------------------------
Jose Carriquiry			    	    . USA MAILING ADDRESS:
Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanologicas  . 1125 Loma Ave. #144-E099
Universidad Autonoma de Baja California	    . Coronado, CA 92118
Apdo. Postal # 453			    . USA
Ensenada, Baja California, c.p. 22,800	    .
Mexico					    .
Tel (61) 74-46-01, ext 123		    .
Fax (61) 74-53-03			    .
http://www.ens.uabc.mx/iio/iio.htm
=========================================================================
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Jan 21 22:11:23 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id WAA01709; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 22:11:21 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA15675; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 22:13:49 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma015667; Thu, 21 Jan 99 22:13:03 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id CAA03433; Fri, 22 Jan 1999 02:15:07 GMT
Received: from ns2.wasantara.net.id by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id VAA03421; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 21:14:59 -0500
Received: from bengkulu.wasantara.net.id (bengkulu.wasantara.net.id [202.159.74.163])
	by ns2.wasantara.net.id (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id KAA17673
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 22 Jan 1999 10:17:30 +0700 (JAVT)
Received: from BENGKULU/SpoolDir by bengkulu.wasantara.net.id (Mercury 1.40);
    22 Jan 99 09:10:58 +0700
Received: from SpoolDir by BENGKULU (Mercury 1.40); 22 Jan 99 09:10:47 +0700
Received: from bayu (202.159.74.185) by bengkulu.wasantara.net.id (Mercury 1.40);
    22 Jan 99 09:10:39 +0700
Message-ID: <003c01be45ac$2f7d8800$b84a9fca@bayu>
Reply-To: "Bayu Ludvianto" <bayu@bengkulu.wasantara.net.id>
From: "Bayu Ludvianto" <bayu@bengkulu.wasantara.net.id>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Eco-Labelling the corals trade. Any suggestions?
Date: Fri, 22 Jan 1999 09:08:38 +0700
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0039_01BE45E6.CC70ED20"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.3110.1
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 12
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_0039_01BE45E6.CC70ED20
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Dear FoC (Friend of Corals),
As a non-corals specialist, I've learned a lot in the last week or so =
(by receiving many responses to my "cry" on sustainable coral harvesting =
and watching the discussion on the LIST). Since I am still in the middle =
of reviewing the plan, for the proposed workshop on the "Ecolabel =
Certification of Indonesia Marine Products", would anyone of you like to =
give any suggestions (in terms of issues to be covered and parties to be =
invited)?=20
We have a rough idea about it, but your suggestions would be much =
appreciate it.
Cheers>>>>>bayu
------=_NextPart_000_0039_01BE45E6.CC70ED20
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META content=3Dtext/html;charset=3Diso-8859-1 =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D'"MSHTML 4.72.3110.7"' name=3DGENERATOR>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#c8e0d8>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#0000ff size=3D2>Dear FoC (Friend of =
Corals),</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#0000ff size=3D2>As a non-corals specialist, I've =
learned a lot=20
in the last week or so (by receiving many responses to my =
&quot;cry&quot; on=20
sustainable coral harvesting and watching the discussion on the LIST). =
Since I=20
am still in the middle of reviewing the plan, for the proposed workshop =
on the=20
&quot;Ecolabel Certification of Indonesia Marine Products&quot;, would =
anyone of=20
you like to give any suggestions (in terms of issues to be covered and =
parties=20
to be invited)? </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#0000ff size=3D2>We have a rough idea about it, but =
your=20
suggestions would be much appreciate it.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#0000ff size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#0000ff=20
size=3D2>Cheers&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;bayu</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_000_0039_01BE45E6.CC70ED20--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Jan 22 00:33:43 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id AAA02338; Fri, 22 Jan 1999 00:33:41 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id AAA17292; Fri, 22 Jan 1999 00:36:11 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma017285; Fri, 22 Jan 99 00:36:05 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id EAA04552; Fri, 22 Jan 1999 04:44:37 GMT
Received: from axil.eureka.lk by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id XAA04543; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 23:44:28 -0500
From: reefmonitor@eureka.lk
Received: from IBM.eureka.lk ([206.152.141.28]) by axil.eureka.lk
          (post.office MTA v2.0 0813 ID# 0-17670) with SMTP id AAG23926
          for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>;
          Fri, 22 Jan 1999 10:43:36 -0500
Message-Id: <1.5.4.32.19990122054159.0098d328@eureka.lk>
X-Sender: reefmonitor@eureka.lk
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Light Version 1.5.4 (32)
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Date: Fri, 22 Jan 1999 10:41:59 +0500
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Coral-care  reference request
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 13
Tangential to the ongoing discussion, I would be grateful if anyone can
recommend any good reference material giving guidance for keeping (Indian
Ocean) corals in aquaria, esp. advice on hardy spp. and feeding. I had such
a request from a public aquarium in this region which seems to have an
unnecessarily high turnover of coral inmates so any advice would be both
appreciated and live-saving. Thanks very much.
--------------
Jason Rubens
Regional Co-ordinator
Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network (GCRMN)
South Asia Region
IOC-UNESCO/ UNEP/ IUCN
48 Vajira Road
Colombo 5
Sri Lanka
Tel: + 94 74 511166
Fax: + 94 1 580202
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Jan 22 01:07:02 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id BAA02481; Fri, 22 Jan 1999 01:06:59 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id BAA17603; Fri, 22 Jan 1999 01:09:29 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma017595; Fri, 22 Jan 99 01:09:03 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id FAA04928; Fri, 22 Jan 1999 05:37:48 GMT
Received: from iniki.soest.hawaii.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id AAA04923; Fri, 22 Jan 1999 00:37:44 -0500
Received: from localhost by iniki.soest.hawaii.edu (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id TAA28942;
	Thu, 21 Jan 1999 19:36:55 -1000 (HST)
X-Authentication-Warning: iniki.soest.hawaii.edu: carlson owned process doing -bs
Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 19:36:55 -1000 (HST)
From: Bruce Carlson <carlson@soest.hawaii.edu>
X-Sender: carlson@iniki
To: reefmonitor@eureka.lk
cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Coral-care  reference request
In-Reply-To: <1.5.4.32.19990122054159.0098d328@eureka.lk>
Message-ID: <Pine.GSO.3.95.990121192356.22873J-100000@iniki>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 14
Delbeek, J.C., and J. Sprung.  1997.  The Reef Aquarium, Vol. 1.  Ricordia
  Publishing, Inc., Coconut Grove, Florida.
General quick guidelines:  ph, calcium and alkalinity must be strictly
monitored and maintained; "proper" lighting is critical; "adequate" water
motion is also critical for many species.  These factors are often
neglected by new aquarists when in fact they should be foremost.  Then
there is temperature, salinity, nutrients, pathogens, predators, and a
variety of other factors to track.
Bruce Carlson
Waikiki Aquarium
On Fri, 22 Jan 1999 reefmonitor@eureka.lk wrote:
> Tangential to the ongoing discussion, I would be grateful if anyone can
> recommend any good reference material giving guidance for keeping (Indian
> Ocean) corals in aquaria, esp. advice on hardy spp. and feeding. I had such
> a request from a public aquarium in this region which seems to have an
> unnecessarily high turnover of coral inmates so any advice would be both
> appreciated and live-saving. Thanks very much.
>
> --------------
> Jason Rubens
> Regional Co-ordinator
> Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network (GCRMN)
> South Asia Region
> IOC-UNESCO/ UNEP/ IUCN
>
> 48 Vajira Road
> Colombo 5
> Sri Lanka
> Tel: + 94 74 511166
> Fax: + 94 1 580202
>
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Jan 22 14:21:18 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA14896; Fri, 22 Jan 1999 13:47:01 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA17223; Fri, 22 Jan 1999 13:49:29 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma017177; Fri, 22 Jan 99 13:48:58 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA10661; Fri, 22 Jan 1999 17:57:54 GMT
Received: from dark.brown.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA10656; Fri, 22 Jan 1999 12:57:49 -0500
Received: from [128.148.57.110] ([128.148.57.110])
	by dark.brown.edu (8.9.1a/8.9.1) with ESMTP id MAA08120
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 22 Jan 1999 12:57:08 -0500 (EST)
X-Sender: John_Bruno@postoffice.brown.edu
Message-Id: <v03110700b2ce6bd64635@[152.206.240.111]>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Date: Fri, 22 Jan 1999 12:57:48 -0500
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: John Bruno <John_Bruno@brown.edu>
Subject: Report from Southern Belize
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 15
Dear Coral Listers,
Below is a brief report from a recent survey of Southern Belize (January
5-12 1999) to assess the effects of last summer's coral bleaching episode
and Hurricane Mitch.  Hopefully this will compliment previously posted
reports from the northern and central portions of Belize  The team was led
by Dr. Mark Bertness, from Brown University, who has been working in
Southern Belize since 1982.
1) Hurricane damage: The only reefs that displayed any evidence of
hurricane damage were the shallow reefs on the exposed side of the silk
keys, which are about 300 m behind the crest of the barrier reef.  At
depths of 1 - 5 m, the disturbance was severe and there were very few
living corals.  The substrate was dominated by A. palmata rubble and algal
cover (Turbinaria and Dictyota) was high.  However, the corals (mostly
Montastrea spp.) of the protected side of the silk keys appeared
unaffected.  We also examined four sites in the 'lagoon' at varying
distance from the reef crest including Laughing Bird key and Cepio key
which appeared to be unaffected by Mitch.  Locals at Placencia reported
that max wind speeds from Mitch were only about 40 - 50 mph in S. Belize.
2) Coral Bleaching:  All summer long we received reports from locals of
severe bleaching in the lagoon and expected to see alot of dead corals in
January.  In general A. tenuifolia and Millepora colonies were almost all
dead.  Because most were still in growth position and locals reported that
these species bleached extensively in July and August we suspect that
bleaching and not hurricane related stress was the main source of
mortality.  Most colonies of Diploria strigosa and clivosa, P. astreoides,
Siderastrea siderea, and Mycetophyllia spp., were still totally bleached,
although very few were already dead.  However almost all colonies of
Porites and Montastrea were healthy and we did not find any Montastrea
colonies that appeared to have died in the last few weeks/months.  In fact,
the lagoon reefs of Southern Belize still have by far the most healthy
populations of Montastrea we have seen anywhere in the Caribbean.
3) Diadema:  only 2 individuals were seen!
4) Juvenile corals were also almost non-existent, even for species that
often display high levels of recruitment elsewhere in the Caribbean (e.g.
Agaricia agaricites and Porites astreoides).
5) Acropora spp.: We were surprised by the almost complete absence of
living Acropora colonies at all five surveyed sites.  Only two years ago
all three species were relatively abundant.  This year we did not see a
single colony of prolifera, and only found 1 or 2 very small colonies of
palmata and cervicornis.  However, dead and overgrown skeletons of all
three species, often still in growth position, were relatively abundant.
This was especially true at Laughing Bird key, where the shallow forereef
(1-5 m depth) was totally dominated by erect but dead palmata skeletons.
We suspect that white band disease may be the culprit.
6) Gorgonians: A majority of colonies of Gorgonia ventalina appeared to be
infected with the so called gorgonian pathogen.
John F. Bruno
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
Box G-W
Brown University
Providence, RI 02912
phone: 401-863-2619
lab: 401-863-2916
fax: 401-863-2166
email: John_Bruno@Brown.edu
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Jan 22 16:35:15 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA04189; Fri, 22 Jan 1999 16:35:13 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA27780; Fri, 22 Jan 1999 16:37:40 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma027765; Fri, 22 Jan 99 16:36:52 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA01441; Fri, 22 Jan 1999 21:08:16 GMT
Received: from umigw.miami.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA01435; Fri, 22 Jan 1999 16:08:12 -0500
From: rginsburg@rsmas.miami.edu
Received: (qmail 27497 invoked from network); 22 Jan 1999 21:07:31 -0000
Received: from gnsbrg.rsmas.miami.edu (129.171.103.80)
  by umigw.miami.edu with SMTP; 22 Jan 1999 21:07:31 -0000
Message-Id: <3.0.5.32.19990122161023.00866410@mail.rsmas.miami.edu>
X-Sender: ginsburg@mail.rsmas.miami.edu
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.5 (32)
Date: Fri, 22 Jan 1999 16:10:23 -0500
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Pre NCRI Conference Field Trip
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 16
>
>Pre-Conference Field Trip
>Florida Coral Reefs: Ecology, Geology and Restoration
>
>WHAT:
>Two and a half-days of field trips, presentations and discussions reviewing
>the results of research on major aspects of Florida Coral Reefs presented
>by leaders with decades of experience.
>	Ecology -Walter Jaap, Florida Marine Research Institute, Florida DEP.
>	Geology - Eugene Shinn, United States Geological Survey, Coastal
>			 Geology
>            	     Robert Ginsburg, University of Miami, RSMAS
>	Restoration - Harold Hudson, Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary
>
>SCHEDULE:  Begins 5 PM, April 10, 1999 in Coral Gables, Florida; ends 5 PM,
>		April 13,1999, Bahia Mar Beach Resort, Fort Lauderdale, Florida.
>
>Proposed  day-by-day schedule, subject to sea conditions.
>
>April 10 - 5-7 PM  Introduction, overnight Holiday Inn, Coral Gables.
>April 11 - Drive to Key Largo and spend the day in the Reef Tract,
> 		overnight Key Largo, Ramada Inn
>April 12  -All-day field trip and demonstrations, overnight, Key Largo
> 		Ramada Inn.
>April 13 -AM: Presentations, discussions, visit Pleistocene reef exposures
>	    PM : Drive to Fort Lauderdale
>
>COSTS: Registration: $150.00/person if 25 participants, proportionally more
>if fewer than 25.  Fee includes three field lunches, guidebook, ground
>transportation from Miami to Key Largo and Fort Lauderdale only.  No charge
>for boat use; snorkeling gear@ $8/DAY; shorty wet suit@ $6.50/day.
>
>Lodging:  April 10 Holiday Inn, South Dixie Highway (one of three in the
>		 area)  Coral Gables, Florida $75. Single; $37.50 double.
>	    April 11 and 12, 1999 Ramada Inn, Key Largo, Florida $89
> 		single: $44.00 dbl. plus 11% tax.
>Meals:  Only lunches on April 11, 12 and 13 are included in registration.
>
>LIMITATIONS:
>		Maximum of 25 persons; snorkeling only.
>
>TO APPLY: Submit information on your background, current affiliation,
complete
>address, phone, fax and e-mail together with a brief statement explaining
>your special interest in the trip by February  15.  Notification of
>acceptance by 20 February,1999.
>
>Send Applications to Robert N. Ginsburg, University of Miami, RSMAS, 4600
>Rickenbacker, Miami,FL 33149, Fax (305) 361-4094 or 4632 or e-mail
>>rginsburg@rsmas.miami.edu
Robert N. Ginsburg
Professor of Marine Geology
Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science
University of Miami
4600 Rickenbacker Cswy. Miami, FL 33149
Phone: (305) 361-4875  FAX: (305) 361-4094 or 4632
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Jan 23 19:22:02 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id TAA10684; Sat, 23 Jan 1999 19:21:59 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA21336; Sat, 23 Jan 1999 19:24:29 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma021328; Sat, 23 Jan 99 19:23:32 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id XAA11516; Sat, 23 Jan 1999 23:33:16 GMT
Received: from atlas.coqui.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id SAA11511; Sat, 23 Jan 1999 18:33:11 -0500
Received: from coqui.net (mayaguez-ppp136.coqui.net [206.99.219.136])
	by atlas.coqui.net (8.8.7/8.8.7) with ESMTP id TAA22833
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 23 Jan 1999 19:24:50 -0400 (AST)
Message-ID: <36AB0399.3F7BF0A1@coqui.net>
Date: Sun, 24 Jan 1999 07:27:21 -0400
From: morelock <morelock@coqui.net>
Organization: marine research associates
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en] (Win98; I)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: coral and carbonate bibliography
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 17
thanks to all who have posted references on this list.
my contribution of about 3000 coral and carbonate references is posted
at
http://home.coqui.net/morelock
go to the database section of this site and click on reference files at
the bottom of the page.
if anyone wants to exchange procite formatted references, contact me
directly at morelock@coqui.net
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Jan 24 17:39:18 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA14521; Sun, 24 Jan 1999 17:39:15 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA08273; Sun, 24 Jan 1999 17:41:47 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma008261; Sun, 24 Jan 99 17:41:20 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id WAA20031; Sun, 24 Jan 1999 22:06:44 GMT
Received: from mta1-rme.xtra.co.nz by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA20025; Sun, 24 Jan 1999 17:06:39 -0500
Received: from p1-m2-ne1.dialup.xtra.co.nz ([203.96.97.129])
          by mta1-rme.xtra.co.nz (InterMail v04.00.02.07 201-227-108)
          with SMTP
          id <19990124220531.PDEB682101.mta1-rme@p1-m2-ne1.dialup.xtra.co.nz>
          for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>;
          Mon, 25 Jan 1999 11:05:31 +1300
Received: by p1-m2-ne1.dialup.xtra.co.nz with Microsoft Mail
	id <01BE4852.43A8B2C0@p1-m2-ne1.dialup.xtra.co.nz>; Mon, 25 Jan 1999 11:02:57 +1300
Message-ID: <01BE4852.43A8B2C0@p1-m2-ne1.dialup.xtra.co.nz>
From: Nokome Bentley <nbentley@trophia.com>
To: "coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: RE: Sustainable "harvest" of corals?????
Date: Mon, 25 Jan 1999 11:01:38 +1300
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id RAA14521
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 18
Dear coral-list,
Unfortunately, I have been unable to respond earlier to Bayu Ludvianto's original query on the exploitation of corals in Indonesia and the ensuing discussion on coral harvesting.  Last year I did a review of the exploitation of corals in Indonesia for TRAFFIC (the trade-monitoring arm of the WWF and the IUCN).  Some of the information collected may be of use to Bayu and the coral harvesting discussion in general.
The use of corals in Indonesia can be divided into three main areas:
1.  Collection for the aquarium and curio trade
Prior to the early 1980s, the Philippines was the major supplier of coral to the world.  However, Presidential decrees in 1977 and 1980 banning coral exports, combined with effective enforcement, resulted in a dramatic reduction of trade from that country.  By the late 1980s only about half of the trade originated from the Philippines and by 1993 fewer than 500 pieces of coral were reported as exported from that country each year.  Concurrent with the reduction in trade from the Philippines, exports from Indonesia rose and by the early 1990s it became the world's primary supplier of coral pieces.  By 1993, Indonesia exported about 83% and 92% of the trade in raw and live corals respectively.
During the mid-1990s, total Indonesian exports of corals were around 1 million pieces annually with 85% of these going to the USA and Japan. Between 1985 and 1995, 43% of exports were of live corals (eg Euphyllia, Goniopora and Catalaphyllia).  There has been a trend towards an increasing proportion of live exports and by 1995, around 80% of the corals imported into the USA from Indonesia were alive.
2.  Mining for lime production and construction
There is widespread use of corals in small scale construction, particularly in island communities where alternative forms of material are scarce or costly.  It is hard to estimate the magnitude of this harvest but it is likely to be 1000's of tons per year.
More intensive, large scale mining of coral reefs is occurring in some areas.  I estimated that one village collects in the vicinity of 2000t of coral for making lime each year.  Anecdotal evidence suggests that this is probably the largest site for this type of collection and is unlikely to be matched elsewhere.  Both live and dead corals are collected.
Severe damage was done to coral reefs in Bali due to coral mining for hotel construction in the late 1970s.  In one area in particular, there is now no reef or beach for the hotel customers to enjoy and retaining walls have had to be built to prevent further erosion.
3.  Collection of black corals for use in jewelry
Relatively small amounts of black corals.  Increasingly scarce according to collectors.
The impacts of coral collection for the aquarium trade and mining for construction are quite different.  Mining is causing severe impacts on a wide variety of coral species in localized areas.  Collection generally targets a few species and is generally more extensive.  Nonetheless, collection has the potential to result in the depletion of some species of corals particularly in accessible areas prone to concentrated harvesting.
All hard corals (at least the orders Scleractinia, Coenothecalia and the family Tubiporidae) are listed under CITES Appendix II.  Species listed under Appendix II can be exported if the government considers that the quantities of exports are sustainable.  Indonesia sets annual quotas on the number of each coral species that can be exported. Thus, in many respects Indonesia already has an eco-labelling scheme for corals since according to CITES all corals exported from there are within sustainable limits.
Unfortunately, given uncertainties about the population dynamics of corals and the area of reefs in Indonesia, it is difficult to determine what the quota levels should be.  It is not clear whether current Indonesian export quotas are sustainable or not.  But such problems would also confront an independent eco-labelling scheme.  Rather than establishing an eco-labelling scheme it may be more beneficial for those concerned about the sustainability of export coral trade in Indonesia to help strengthen the effectiveness of the current CITES export quotas.   For example, more research into the status of exploited species and encouraging the authorities to take a precautionary approach to quota setting while uncertainties still exist.
Some on the list have suggested an immediate ban on the trade of all wild caught corals.  As others have pointed out this may well be worse for the corals than the current situation.  Remove coral collection as a source of income for coastal fishing communities and they may turn to potentially more destructive activities - cyanide and dynamite fishing are two already attractive means to make ends meet.  Providing fishers with a means of income that is dependent upon a healthy functioning reef is the best way to provide an incentive to preserve those reefs.  Small-scale coral culture as practiced in the Solomon Islands may be a way to do this.  This sort of activity could be used as an alternative income for the coral miners in Indonesia.  The sustainable harvesting of coral species that cannot be cultured is another alternative.  Large-scale culture of corals in developed nations and a ban on wild-caught coral exports is only likely to worsen the fate of coral reefs in Indonesia.
More details are available in the following article.  Email me if you would like a reprint.
Bentley, N.  (1998). An overview of the exploitation, trade and management of corals in Indonesia.  TRAFFIC Bulletin, 17(2): 67-78.
Regards,
Nokome Bentley
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Trophia Research and Consulting        http://www.trophia.com
 PO Box 60
 Kaikoura
 New Zealand
 Ph:   + 64 3 319 6850.  Fax: + 64 3 319 6850
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Jan 24 23:34:46 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id XAA16023; Sun, 24 Jan 1999 23:34:41 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id XAA12514; Sun, 24 Jan 1999 23:37:10 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma012501; Sun, 24 Jan 99 23:36:29 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id DAA22207; Mon, 25 Jan 1999 03:51:33 GMT
Received: from uxmail.ust.hk by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id WAA22202; Sun, 24 Jan 1999 22:51:28 -0500
Received: from rcz058.ust.hk ([143.89.113.238]:1058 "EHLO ust.hk" ident: "NO-IDENT-SERVICE") by uxmail.ust.hk with ESMTP id <626829-26734>; Mon, 25 Jan 1999 11:48:22 +0800
Message-ID: <36ABE9C4.29DA813F@ust.hk>
Date: 	Mon, 25 Jan 1999 11:49:24 +0800
From: Gregor Hodgson <rcgregor@ust.hk>
Organization: HKUST
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.05 [en] (Win95; I)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Nokome Bentley <nbentley@trophia.com>
CC: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Some Papers on Sustainable Harvest of Corals
References: <01BE4852.43A8B2C0@p1-m2-ne1.dialup.xtra.co.nz>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 19
M. Ross 1984. A quantitative study of the stony coral fishery in Cebu,
Philippines. Mar. Ecol. 5(1):75-91
R. Grigg 1984. Resource management of precious corals: a review and
application to shallow reef-building corals. Mar. Ecol. 5(1)57-74
Wells et al., 1994. Environmental Guidelines for Reef Coral Harvesting
Operations. South Pacific Regional Environmental Program. PO Box 240,
Apia W. Samoa.
Hodgson, G. 1997. Resource use: conflicts and management solutions,
Chapter 17 In: C. Birkeland (ed) Life and Death of Coral Reefs, Chapman
Hall, NY.
--
Gregor Hodgson, PhD
Institute for Environment and Sustainable Development
Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Clearwater Bay, Hong Kong
Tel: (852) 2358-8568    Fax (852) 2358-1582
Email: <rcgregor@ust.hk>
Reef Check: http://www.ust.hk/~webrc/ReefCheck/reef.html
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Jan 25 02:17:36 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id CAA16664; Mon, 25 Jan 1999 02:17:33 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id CAA14902; Mon, 25 Jan 1999 02:20:02 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma014895; Mon, 25 Jan 99 02:19:52 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id GAA23142; Mon, 25 Jan 1999 06:12:46 GMT
Received: from pearl.aims.gov.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id BAA23134; Mon, 25 Jan 1999 01:12:37 -0500
Received: from charliev.aims.gov.au ([138.7.37.12])
	by pearl.aims.gov.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id QAA20326
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 25 Jan 1999 16:11:38 +1000 (EST)
Message-Id: <3.0.1.32.19990125153405.00735f10@email.aims.gov.au>
X-Sender: dfenner@email.aims.gov.au
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0.1 (32)
Date: Mon, 25 Jan 1999 15:34:05 +1100
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Doug Fenner <d.fenner@aims.gov.au>
Subject: references on web
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 20
Coralisters,
   Just thought I'd point out that people in locations that do not have
access to a large library can now access much of the recent coral reef
literature if they have internet access.  There are now several large
bibliographies that can be accessed on the web.  After you find a reference
you can't get at a local library, you look up the author's address in the
reef researcher's directory on the CHAMP web site, and send an e-mail or
postcard requesting a reprint.  (if you have a library, the library is
still faster)
   This could be a major help to researchers and grad students in many
parts of the world.  Many thanks to those who put these lists on the web!
-Doug
coral related literature: http://www.ogp.noaa.gov/misc/coral/coralit.html
coral & carbonate references:
http://home.coqui.net/morelock/datareferences.htm
ReefBase:  http://www.cgiar.org/iclarm/resprg/reefbase
additional reference lists (CHAMP abstracts home page):
http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/bib/lit.abstracts.html
coral reef researcher's directory (CHAMP site):
http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/lists/directory.html
Douglas Fenner, Ph.D.
Coral Taxonomist
Australian Institute of Marine Science
PMB No 3
Townsville MC
Queensland 4810
Australia
phone 07 4753 4241
e-mail: d.fenner@aims.gov.au
web: http://www.aims.gov.au
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Jan 25 11:06:08 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA24168; Mon, 25 Jan 1999 11:06:05 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA04992; Mon, 25 Jan 1999 11:08:35 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma004978; Mon, 25 Jan 99 11:08:29 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA26754; Mon, 25 Jan 1999 15:30:34 GMT
Received: from post.tau.ac.il by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA26749; Mon, 25 Jan 1999 10:30:29 -0500
Received: from 324.tau.ac.il (sherman324.tau.ac.il [132.66.42.143])
	by post.tau.ac.il (8.9.1a/8.9.1) with SMTP id RAA07663
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 25 Jan 1999 17:28:36 +0200 (IST)
Message-Id: <3.0.5.32.19990125172917.007b8aa0@post.tau.ac.il>
X-Sender: dafnaz@post.tau.ac.il (Unverified)
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.5 (32)
Date: Mon, 25 Jan 1999 17:29:17 +0200
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Dafna Zeevi <dafnaz@post.tau.ac.il>
Subject: Prof Freitag, Munster University,Germany
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 21
Dear coral listers,
I'm trying to find the email of Prof. Freitag, J.F. from the University of
Munster, Germany. Please be kind to send me the email if any of you have it
by any chsnce.
Much obliged,
Dafna Zeevi.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Jan 25 11:22:40 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA24578; Mon, 25 Jan 1999 11:22:28 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA06356; Mon, 25 Jan 1999 11:24:57 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma006317; Mon, 25 Jan 99 11:24:19 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA26852; Mon, 25 Jan 1999 15:43:51 GMT
Received: from willamette.cbn.net.id by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA26847; Mon, 25 Jan 1999 10:43:44 -0500
Message-Id: <199901251543.KAA26847@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: (qmail 17255 invoked from network); 25 Jan 1999 15:43:57 -0000
Received: from ip08-37.cbn.net.id (HELO gayatri) (202.158.8.37)
  by willamette.cbn.net.id with SMTP; 25 Jan 1999 15:43:57 -0000
Reply-To: <@cbn.net.id>
From: "RG Lilley" <rglilley@cbn.net.id>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Re: Indonesian coral trade
Date: Mon, 25 Jan 1999 22:37:35 +0700
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Priority: 3
X-Mailer: Microsoft Internet Mail 4.70.1161
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 22
----------
> From: RG Lilley <rglilley@cbn.net.id>
> To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
> Subject: Indonesian coral trade
> Date: Jumat, 22 Januari, 1999 17:30
>
>
> The Indonesian Scientific Authority for CITES just recommended a
collection
> quota of over one million pieces of corals for this year (1999). It is
> slightly more that last year's quota. I am sure that will make the
traders
> happy, bearing in mind that for every one million pieces exported,
perhaps
> as much as ten times that amount is extracted from the reefs (we are
still
> talking about live corals for the aquarium trade) and dies before it is
> exported, because of bad handling.
>
> Catalaphyllia jardinei, the species which I heard is banned from entering
> the UK this  year, has been given an export quota of 75,000 pieces for
this
> year, by the Indonesian authorities.  The guidelines for the coral trade
> were prepared last year, with the hope that this document will somehow
slow
> down the rate of corals coming out from Indonesia. But it seems that the
> guidelines have not been implemented by the authorities. The guidelines
> were prepared using a participatory approach, and were agreed to be
> implemented by the major stakeholders. The traders were the ones who were
> very enthusiastic and willing to give the guidelines a try. But, I guess,
> business is business.
>
> There are strong arguments among the decision makers that Indonesia needs
> more and more cash, especially during this economic crisis. Yes,
> eco-labelling as a market force is a good idea, but who will enforce the
> principles within this country?. Oh well, I am too pessimistic. But, I am
> here, trying to convince and motivate people to care and take
> responsibility for their environment. And it seems that I am bashing my
> head against a brick wall. There are intentions to try coral farming, but
> will they be economically viable? If the authorities are still willing to
> allow the export of corals collected from the wild, why should anybody
want
> to invest  in coral farming? Clearly there are no incentives (rather like
> tree planting). However, even a total trade ban would not address the
real
> problem here  destruction of the reefs by coral miners, bombers,
cyanide,
> and so on.
>
> Gayatri Lilley
> Jl. Pinang II Kav 11
> Jakarta 12450, Indonesia
>
> e-mail : rglilley@cbn.net.id
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Jan 25 15:09:55 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA04489; Mon, 25 Jan 1999 15:09:53 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA23379; Mon, 25 Jan 1999 15:12:25 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma023330; Mon, 25 Jan 99 15:11:40 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA28881; Mon, 25 Jan 1999 19:22:25 GMT
Received: from pete.uri.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA28876; Mon, 25 Jan 1999 14:22:21 -0500
Received: from jcin5062.uri.edu (RodmanDU27.nets.uri.edu [131.128.5.27])
	by pete.uri.edu (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id OAA08645
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 25 Jan 1999 14:21:22 -0500 (EST)
Message-Id: <4.0.2.19990125132130.0092e320@postoffice.uri.edu>
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 4.0.2
Date: Mon, 25 Jan 1999 14:06:52 -0500
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Joshua Cinner <jcin5062@postoffice.uri.edu>
Subject: poverty and gear types in coral reef fisheries
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 23
Dear coral-listers
I would like to get some feedback,suggestions, and possibly some new
directions from this multi-disciplinary body regarding my master's thesis.
 As a Peace Corps Volunteer in Jamaica, I observed what I believe to be a
connection between the relative wealth of fishers and the type of gear they
used.  It appeared as though the gear types which seem to be more malignant
to the coral reef were utilized by fishers of lower wealth and social
status. (I am assuming that some gear types, such as line fishing, are more
benign while others, such as blast fishing, are more malignant toward the
reef).  I am interested in pursuing this idea as my masters thesis which I
am currently beginning here at the Marine Affairs Faculty of the University
of Rhode Island.    My initial idea is to examine the different measures of
wealth for the study site (as income is often an inappropriate measure of
status and wealth- for example; one study expressed that the ability to
travel, especially abroad, was the ultimate measure of wealth for a
specific community in Jamaica). I then plan to explore the gear types
employed by fishers and their relative effects on coral reefs.  I am
planning to establish a linkage between wealth and gear types by using a
discrete choice analysis (maybe probit or logit), but WELCOME ANY OTHER
IDEAS.  Here is where I could really use some suggestions however- seeing
as I want to make a direct link between coral reef conditions and poverty,
would it be  practical to do my own research on the reefs themselves
(probably just manta tows or other really basic surveys is all I was really
thinking) or should I just focus on the measures of wealth, gear types, and
linking them, relying on background information from other studies to
suggest that gear types have different effects on reefs? I have (It seems)
obtained some funding to conduct my research over the summer in Mexico.
Can anyone recommend a site (or preferably several) in Mexico that would
have a high diversity of coral reef fishing practices?  I would also
appreciate suggestions of particularly interesting studies on measures of
wealth, and gear types and impacts (especially if it is in Mex). I
sincerely appreciate feedback, so please let me know what you think of my
ideas, give me suggestions, comments, criticisms, whatever.
Respectfully,
Joshua Cinner
2550 Kingstown Rd.
Kingston, RI
02881
(401) 783-6719
jcin5062@postoffice.uri.edu
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Jan 25 19:04:49 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id TAA07945; Mon, 25 Jan 1999 19:04:47 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA05049; Mon, 25 Jan 1999 19:07:19 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma005036; Mon, 25 Jan 99 19:06:51 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id XAA00786; Mon, 25 Jan 1999 23:30:51 GMT
Received: from pete.uri.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id SAA00781; Mon, 25 Jan 1999 18:30:46 -0500
Received: from jcin5062.uri.edu (RodmanDU73.nets.uri.edu [131.128.5.73])
	by pete.uri.edu (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id SAA03689
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 25 Jan 1999 18:29:50 -0500 (EST)
Message-Id: <4.0.2.19990125174016.00931100@postoffice.uri.edu>
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 4.0.2
Date: Mon, 25 Jan 1999 18:14:09 -0500
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Joshua Cinner <jcin5062@postoffice.uri.edu>
Subject: poverty and reefs
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 24
We're seeing problems with overfishing using spears. This is a "selective"
method and elliminates the larger preditors. Large preditors are also
morereproductive. This practice has resulted in an increase in populations
of fish which damage the reef (farmers like Damsels and blueheads).
Personally I have observed expensive spears used by all classes and this
preferred recreational fishing method may be more an expression of
individual machismo than an expression of a desire to sport fish. I've
seen small trunk fish and sea fans targeted and I have seen spears used in
areas where there clearly are more spear fishermen than fish worthy of
spearing. I for one would be interested in seeing an emperical study of
what motivates this behavior.
Mary Ann Lucking
corals@caribe.net
Mary Anne and others,
In the marine park I was working for in Montego Bay, spearfishing was
banned for just that reason.  However, it seemed that the spearfishers are
considered the lowest on the totem pole, most of the spearfishers were
otherwise "unemployable" in the formal job market- i.e. just got out of
jail, lacked an education, or were from the wrong district and people
wouldn't hire them.  Without alternatives, the incidence of these
regulations beared heavily upon them and they were reluctant to comply.
Conflicts were commonplace among our poor rangers, often involving death
threats.  Your claim that overfishing of certain species is degrading reefs
seems to be supported by much of the literature I have read, should I also
be looking into whether certain incomes or gear types target such keystone
species and are "indirectly" responsible for reef degradation?
Respectfully,
Joshua Cinner
2550 Kingstown Rd.
Kingston, RI
02881
(401) 783-6719
jcin5062@postoffice.uri.edu
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Jan 26 05:49:38 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id FAA10988; Tue, 26 Jan 1999 05:49:35 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id FAA15109; Tue, 26 Jan 1999 05:52:07 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma015100; Tue, 26 Jan 99 05:51:27 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id IAA04234; Tue, 26 Jan 1999 08:48:53 GMT
Received: from mail.nnm.nl by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id DAA04229; Tue, 26 Jan 1999 03:48:48 -0500
Received: by mail.nnm.nl with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
	id <D23W96LH>; Tue, 26 Jan 1999 09:47:03 +0100
Message-ID: <FABA3EA6D06CD11185550000F877DA794EFE19@mail.nnm.nl>
From: "Hoeksema, B.W." <Hoeksema@naturalis.nnm.nl>
To: "'rglilley@cbn.net.id'" <rglilley@cbn.net.id>,
        coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Coral trade quota
Date: Tue, 26 Jan 1999 09:46:54 +0100
MIME-Version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 25
Dear Coral-listers,
Re: the information given by Gayatri Lilley,
Having checked corals collected for trade in Indonesia before export and
those that have arrived at Schiphol
international airport for import by the aquarium industry, I realized how
clever professional coral collectors are
in finding corals with much "fleshy" tissue that usually dwell at greater
depths (20-30 m), such as
those belonging to Catalaphyllia jardinae. In their natural environment
these corals do not reach very high population
densities. These corals usually live as large calices semi-burried in the
sandy bottom underneath reef slopes. They are not
colonies which can easily be chopped into pieces. I would be surprised if
annual quota such as 75,000 ever can be reached.
To me it seems to be a hypothetical number to maintain a regulation that
only exists on paper. If I am wrong, I would be
even less amused.
Bert
Dr. Bert W. Hoeksema
Co-ordinator Sea Research (Fauna Malesiana Marina)
National Museum of Natural History Naturalis
P.O. Box 9517
2300 RA  Leiden
The Netherlands
Tel.: +31.71.5687631
Fax: +31.71.5687666
E-mail: Hoeksema@Naturalis.NNM.nl
> -----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
> Van:	RG Lilley [SMTP:rglilley@cbn.net.id]
> Verzonden:	maandag 25 januari 1999 16:38
> Aan:	coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
> Onderwerp:	Re: Indonesian coral trade
>
>
>
> ----------
> > From: RG Lilley <rglilley@cbn.net.id>
> > To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
> > Subject: Indonesian coral trade
> > Date: Jumat, 22 Januari, 1999 17:30
> >
> >
> > The Indonesian Scientific Authority for CITES just recommended a
> collection
> > quota of over one million pieces of corals for this year (1999). It is
> > slightly more that last year's quota. I am sure that will make the
> traders
> > happy, bearing in mind that for every one million pieces exported,
> perhaps
> > as much as ten times that amount is extracted from the reefs (we are
> still
> > talking about live corals for the aquarium trade) and dies before it is
> > exported, because of bad handling.
> >
> > Catalaphyllia jardinei, the species which I heard is banned from
> entering
> > the UK this  year, has been given an export quota of 75,000 pieces for
> this
> > year, by the Indonesian authorities.  The guidelines for the coral trade
> > were prepared last year, with the hope that this document will somehow
> slow
> > down the rate of corals coming out from Indonesia. But it seems that the
> > guidelines have not been implemented by the authorities. The guidelines
> > were prepared using a participatory approach, and were agreed to be
> > implemented by the major stakeholders. The traders were the ones who
> were
>
> > very enthusiastic and willing to give the guidelines a try. But, I
> guess,
> > business is business.
> >
> > There are strong arguments among the decision makers that Indonesia
> needs
> > more and more cash, especially during this economic crisis. Yes,
> > eco-labelling as a market force is a good idea, but who will enforce the
> > principles within this country?. Oh well, I am too pessimistic. But, I
> am
> > here, trying to convince and motivate people to care and take
> > responsibility for their environment. And it seems that I am bashing my
> > head against a brick wall. There are intentions to try coral farming,
> but
> > will they be economically viable? If the authorities are still willing
> to
> > allow the export of corals collected from the wild, why should anybody
> want
> > to invest  in coral farming? Clearly there are no incentives (rather
> like
> > tree planting). However, even a total trade ban would not address the
> real
> > problem here - destruction of the reefs by coral miners, bombers,
> cyanide,
> > and so on.
> >
> > Gayatri Lilley
> > Jl. Pinang II Kav 11
> > Jakarta 12450, Indonesia
> >
> > e-mail : rglilley@cbn.net.id
> >
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Jan 27 17:21:31 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA13576; Wed, 27 Jan 1999 17:21:27 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA05797; Wed, 27 Jan 1999 17:24:02 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma005781; Wed, 27 Jan 99 17:23:33 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA21180; Wed, 27 Jan 1999 21:25:26 GMT
Received: from ns.psi.calva.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA21175; Wed, 27 Jan 1999 16:25:14 -0500
Received: from [154.15.19.77] ([154.15.19.77] (may be forged))
	by ns.psi.calva.net (8.8.6/8.8.6) with SMTP id WAA07931
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 27 Jan 1999 22:24:02 +0100 (MET)
Date: Wed, 27 Jan 1999 22:24:02 +0100 (MET)
X-Sender: fpl10@pop.calvacom.fr (Unverified)
Message-Id: <v01540b0ab2d53f44e770@[154.15.19.157]>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
X-Mailer: Eudora F1.5.4
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: fpl10@calva.net (Fabrice POIRAUD-LAMBERT)
Subject: Coral Reef rebuilding
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 26
Hi All,
We often hear about Bleaching, and coral sickness, and as a result, many
coral reefs are dying or already dead.
By being a Reef Aquarist, meaning that I own and raise coral (about 60
species, 80% stony small polyped corals) in my tank at home, in the middle
of a big town, I produce (not on purpose !) many many fragments that I give
to friends or people asking for it.
As we are now able to raise corals (about 1 to 2 cm per month for Acropora
sp for example) even without having space and money, is it crazy to think
that we could set up special farms, near coral reefs, with the double
purpose of : raising frags to earn money, and then use this money to
rebuild coral reefs by reintroducing corals.
I have heard some things about ideas like this, but it sounds to be very rare.
Are there laws against this ? Do Scientists study this possibility ?
What are the cons & pros ?
Thanks for your replies
Best Regards
Fabrice POIRAUD-LAMBERT
France - Paris
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Jan 27 18:28:11 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id SAA14234; Wed, 27 Jan 1999 18:28:00 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA08800; Wed, 27 Jan 1999 18:30:32 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma008787; Wed, 27 Jan 99 18:30:01 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id WAA21817; Wed, 27 Jan 1999 22:40:37 GMT
Received: from cuda.jcu.edu.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for <Coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA21812; Wed, 27 Jan 1999 17:40:30 -0500
Received: from jcu.edu.au ([137.219.134.101])
	by cuda.jcu.edu.au (8.8.8/8.8.8) with ESMTP id IAA17868;
	Thu, 28 Jan 1999 08:38:50 +1000 (EST)
Message-ID: <36AF9625.21FD5358@jcu.edu.au>
Date: Thu, 28 Jan 1999 08:41:42 +1000
From: Ruby Moothien Pillay <Kamla.Moothienpillay@jcu.edu.au>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en] (Win98; I)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Fabrice POIRAUD-LAMBERT <fpl10@calva.net>, Coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Coral Reef rebuilding
References: <v01540b0ab2d53f44e770@[154.15.19.157]>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 27
Hi Fabrice
Pr. Jean Jaubert, director of l'Observatoire Oceanologique Europeen de Monaco,
has looked at the possibility of culturing various species of corals in aquaria.
Please refer to:
Jaubert, J., Marchioretti,M., Ounais,N., Gilles,P., Priouzeau,F and E.Tambutte
(1996):Potential use of cultured Coral Transplants in Aquarium Stocking and Reef
Restoration, 4th Interantional Aquariology Congress, Tokyo.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Jan 27 18:30:05 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id SAA14266; Wed, 27 Jan 1999 18:30:03 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA08926; Wed, 27 Jan 1999 18:32:35 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma008863; Wed, 27 Jan 99 18:31:41 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id WAA21833; Wed, 27 Jan 1999 22:43:05 GMT
Received: from cuda.jcu.edu.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA21828; Wed, 27 Jan 1999 17:42:56 -0500
Received: from jcu.edu.au ([137.219.134.101])
	by cuda.jcu.edu.au (8.8.8/8.8.8) with ESMTP id IAA16828;
	Thu, 28 Jan 1999 08:41:33 +1000 (EST)
Message-ID: <36AF96C8.A89A161A@jcu.edu.au>
Date: Thu, 28 Jan 1999 08:44:25 +1000
From: Ruby Moothien Pillay <Kamla.Moothienpillay@jcu.edu.au>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en] (Win98; I)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Fabrice POIRAUD-LAMBERT <fpl10@calva.net>, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Coral Reef rebuilding
References: <v01540b0ab2d53f44e770@[154.15.19.157]>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 28
Hi Fabrice
Professeur Jean Jaubert, director of l'observatoire Oceanographique European De
Monaco has cultured various species of corals in aquaria and this invention is now
commercialised bu  the potential use of cultured coral transplants in aquarium
stocking
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Jan 28 22:04:21 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id WAA00966; Thu, 28 Jan 1999 22:04:19 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA03534; Thu, 28 Jan 1999 22:06:49 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma003524; Thu, 28 Jan 99 22:06:19 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id BAA03925; Fri, 29 Jan 1999 01:57:09 GMT
Received: from renoir.cftnet.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id UAA03916; Thu, 28 Jan 1999 20:57:04 -0500
Received: from catalaphyllia (gannet@ppp99-15.cftnet.com [163.125.99.15]) by renoir.cftnet.com (8.8.6/8.6.4) with SMTP id UAA11986 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 28 Jan 1999 20:55:23 -0500 (EST)
Message-Id: <199901290155.UAA11986@renoir.cftnet.com>
From: "Dave" <gannet@cftnet.com>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Date: Thu, 28 Jan 1999 20:56:07 -0500
Subject: Re: Coral Reef rebuilding
Reply-to: gannet@cftnet.com
Priority: normal
In-reply-to: <v01540b0ab2d53f44e770@[154.15.19.157]>
X-mailer: Pegasus Mail for Win32 (v3.01d)
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 29
> As we are now able to raise corals (about 1 to 2 cm per month for Acropora
> sp for example) even without having space and money, is it crazy to think
> that we could set up special farms, near coral reefs, with the double
> purpose of : raising frags to earn money, and then use this money to
> rebuild coral reefs by reintroducing corals.
This is being done now in the Solomon Islands.  Solutions like this that
involve the local population and generate income for their communities are, in
my opinion, one of the best ways to ensure survival of reefs.  When local
people have a sense of "ownership" of the reefs, and see the health and
survival of the reefs as essential to their own well-being, then they will be
proactive in protecting them.  Without this, any developer waving money will be
given free rein - and we all know where that leads.
There are also a number of commercial coral aquaculture operations in the
United States.  This is exciting and laudable, and shows how far we have come
in understanding the husbandry needs of corals.  I would point out, in passing,
that the vast majority of the knowledge needed to accomplish this was gathered
by amateur reef aquarists, not professionals.  But, I think it would be even
better if we could encourage these operations in the countries bordering the
natural reefs, for the reasons stated above.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Jan 29 09:33:19 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA05640; Fri, 29 Jan 1999 09:33:17 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA17948; Fri, 29 Jan 1999 09:35:53 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma017926; Fri, 29 Jan 99 09:35:00 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA08194; Fri, 29 Jan 1999 13:47:58 GMT
Message-Id: <199901291347.NAA08194@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Fri, 29 Jan 1999 08:10:29 -0500 (EST)
From: Coral Workstation at NOAA/AOML <coral@aoml.noaa.gov>
To: Coral-List <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: NSF funded projects
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 30
Greetings,
We have placed two documents given to us by Phillip R. Taylor (Director,
Biological Oceanography Program, Division of Ocean Sciences, NSF) on the
CHAMP Page (www.coral.noaa.gov), under Bulletins.  They are:
	"Coral Reef Projects for 1997," and
	"Coral Reef Projects for 1998"
which describe coral reef related projects funded by the National Science
Foundation.
Please note that these are PDF documents, which require Adobe Acrobat to
read.
Take care...
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Jan 29 14:08:27 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA14173; Fri, 29 Jan 1999 14:08:24 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA03514; Fri, 29 Jan 1999 14:10:57 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma003498; Fri, 29 Jan 99 14:10:54 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA10591; Fri, 29 Jan 1999 18:21:10 GMT
Received: from turbo.kean.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA10586; Fri, 29 Jan 1999 13:21:06 -0500
Received: from localhost (ckievman@localhost)
	by turbo.kean.edu (8.9.1b+Sun/8.9.1) with ESMTP id NAA11173
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 29 Jan 1999 13:17:25 -0500 (EST)
Date: Fri, 29 Jan 1999 13:17:25 -0500 (EST)
From: KIEVMAN <ckievman@turbo.kean.edu>
To: Coral-List <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Coral Reef Research Scholarship & Field Course
In-Reply-To: <199901291347.NAA08194@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Message-ID: <Pine.SO4.4.05.9901291307520.10201-100000@turbo.kean.edu>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 31
Please announce these opportunities to your students or post this message.
Poster and application materials can be requested from:
CoralReef@turbo.kean.edu
I. Coral Reef Field Course in the Cayman Islands
II. Marine Environmental Research Institute's Scholarship for Coral Reef
    Research
I. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE'S (MERI) CORAL REEF FIELD
COURSE IN THE CAYMAN ISLANDS
The Marine Environmental Research Institute offers undergraduate and
graduate field courses to introduce a variety of topics on coral reef
environments.  Topics include an introduction to coral reef systems, coral
reef evolution and succession, and natural and anthropogenic impacts on
reef ecosystems. Students have opportunities to become involved in small,
short-term field research projects related to the coral reef system.
Field course will take place in the Cayman Islands, during the last week
of June 1999 and provide graduate (4 or 6 credits) or undergraduate credit
(6 credits) through Kean University (a state university of New Jersey),
Department of Geology and Meteorology. Students are accepted in the course
without regard to race or gender.
For additional information visit our web site:
http: //turbo.kean.edu/~meri/course1.html
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
II. MERI SCHOLARSHIP FOR CORAL REEF RESEARCH
MERI Scholarship: One scholarship in the amount of $2500.00 will be
awarded for the 1999 field course. The scholarship will pay for the
expenses related to field research on coral reefs in the Cayman Islands
and assist in the cost of college credit offered through Kean University,
Department of Geology and Meteorology.
Who: Female undergraduate and graduate students who are science majors are
invited to apply.   Students with a biological or geological background
are encouraged to apply.
Objective: To introduce college students to the coral reef system by
involving them in field course and research opportunities.
Application Deadline: Received by March 15, 1999.
Application Requirements: Transcripts, application form, resume, 2 letters
of recommendation (preferably from your professors).
Submit to: Dr. Carrie M. Kievman, Marine Environmental Research Institute
- Coral Reef Scholarship Committee, Kean University, Department of Geology
and Meteorology, 1000 Morris Ave, Union, NJ 07083
Email: CoralReef@turbo.kean.edu
Visit our Website: http://turbo.kean.edu/~meri/Welcome.html
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Feb  1 01:31:30 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id BAA29228; Mon, 1 Feb 1999 01:31:27 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id BAA28922; Mon, 1 Feb 1999 01:34:01 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028912; Mon, 1 Feb 99 01:33:01 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id FAA02412; Mon, 1 Feb 1999 05:11:18 GMT
Received: from mtiwmhc06.worldnet.att.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id AAA02406; Mon, 1 Feb 1999 00:11:13 -0500
Received: from worldnet.att.net ([12.72.105.226])
          by mtiwmhc06.worldnet.att.net (InterMail v03.02.07 118 124)
          with ESMTP id <19990201050942.GFT17947@worldnet.att.net>
          for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>;
          Mon, 1 Feb 1999 05:09:42 +0000
Message-ID: <36B53774.D24444E3@worldnet.att.net>
Date: Sun, 31 Jan 1999 21:11:16 -0800
From: Jerry Bakus <bakus@worldnet.att.net>
Reply-To: bakus@worldnet.att.net
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.05 [en] (Win95; I)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Coral Reef Workers <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: For Coral Reef Workers experienced in Indonesia
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 32
I hope to conduct quantitative reef studies in Ambon in March-April.
Can you
suggest some workable polluted and nearby (if possible) relatively
non-polluted
sites?  What is the status of bleaching in the region?    Jerry Bakus
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Feb  1 11:15:52 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA04876; Mon, 1 Feb 1999 11:15:50 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA19621; Mon, 1 Feb 1999 11:18:23 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma019536; Mon, 1 Feb 99 11:17:28 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA07104; Mon, 1 Feb 1999 15:34:25 GMT
Message-Id: <199902011534.PAA07104@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Mon, 1 Feb 1999 11:20:35 +0100
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: ReefCheck Germany <reefcheck@gmx.de>
Subjce:  video for TV special
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 34
Hi coralisters,
I was contacted by a German TV channel. They are preparing a report on
bleaching and are looking for good video or TV-material from bleached
reefs (preferably Indian Ocean/Pacific).  Does anybody have interesting
material or knows of somebody whom I could contact?  Could be that they
will even pay for it.
Best wishes
Georg
_______________________
Reef Check Germany
Georg Heiss / Moshira Hassan
Karlstalweg 2/1
69412 Eberbach
Germany
Tel: (49) 6271-1678
Fax: (49) 6271-1678
E-mail: <ReefCheck@gmx.de>
http://ReefCheck.home.pages.de
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Feb  1 13:39:41 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA08607; Mon, 1 Feb 1999 13:39:38 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA03190; Mon, 1 Feb 1999 13:42:12 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma003142; Mon, 1 Feb 99 13:41:38 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA08346; Mon, 1 Feb 1999 17:55:44 GMT
Date: Mon, 1 Feb 1999 17:55:44 GMT
Message-Id: <199902011755.RAA08346@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: Jim Hendee <jim.hendee@noaa.gov>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: SEAKEYS Data Online
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 35
Greetings,
        For those of you who have a need for meteorlogical (NDBC/C-MAN)
and oceanographic data collected under the SEAKEYS (FIO, NOAA/SFERPM)
Program in the Florida Keys, there is now available a data server for
selected queries.  Please be advised that these data are raw and have not
been quality controlled. Also, more recently added data parameters (e.g.,
fluorometry, transmissometry) and data values for some stations are not
available at this time. However, the database will be updated in the
future.
	The database is updated every morning at around 0915 hrs EST.
SEAKEYS Data Server
        http://www.neptune.aoml.noaa.gov
SEAKEYS Daily Data
        http://www.coral.noaa.gov/cman
Overview of the SEAKEYS Program
        http://www.coral.noaa.gov/sferpm/seakeys/
NDBC C-MAN data
	http://seaboard.ndbc.noaa.gov/ndbc.html
If you have any questions conerning the database, please direct them to me
at jim.hendee@noaa.gov.  If you have any questions concerning the SEAKEYS
Program, please see the "Overview of the SEAKEYS Program" link mentioned
above.
        Cheers,
        Jim Hendee
  ----------------------------------------------------
  James C. Hendee
  Ocean Chemistry Division
  Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory
  National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
  U.S. Department of Commerce
  4301 Rickenbacker Causeway
  Miami, FL  33149-1026
  Voice:  (305) 361-4396
  Fax:    (305) 361-4392
  Email:  hendee@aoml.noaa.gov
  Web:    http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/ocd
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Feb  1 16:05:51 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA14267; Mon, 1 Feb 1999 16:05:48 -0500 (EST)
From: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA15984; Mon, 1 Feb 1999 16:08:28 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma015962; Mon, 1 Feb 99 16:07:59 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA09619; Mon, 1 Feb 1999 20:26:05 GMT
Message-Id: <199902012026.UAA09619@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Mon, 1 Feb 1999 14:38:10 EST
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Mime-Version: 1.0
Subject: assistance needed
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 36
Hello, I am a producer of childrens educational videos. I am currently seeking
video clips and unique stills of a reef for an upcoming video about the ocean
habitat for 3-4th grade kids. I am especially interested in 'skeletal' photos,
close up polyp shots, and live video of the unique creatures and plants found
on/in a reef. Can you direct me? I appreciate your time. Thank you, Karen
Olson...K4Video@aol.com
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Feb  2 11:04:07 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <astrong@nesdis.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA24267 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 2 Feb 1999 11:04:07 -0500 (EST)
From: astrong@nesdis.noaa.gov
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA01268; Tue, 2 Feb 1999 11:06:40 -0500
Received: from orbit34i.wwb.noaa.gov(140.90.197.234) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma001149; Tue, 2 Feb 99 11:05:51 -0500
Received: from [140.90.197.121] ([140.90.197.121]) by orbit34i.nesdis.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/950213.SGI.AUTOCF) via SMTP id KAA16199; Tue, 2 Feb 1999 10:59:06 -0500
Date: Tue, 2 Feb 1999 10:59:06 -0500
Message-Id: <199902021559.KAA16199@orbit34i.nesdis.noaa.gov>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Subject: Bleaching - HotSpots
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, bbest@usaid.gov, jreaser@state.gov,
        khughes@nesdis.noaa.gov, Michael.Crosby@noaa.gov, pthomas@state.gov,
        rhayes@fac.howard.edu, goreau@bestweb.net, Tom.Hourigan@noaa.gov
Cc: adam.lewis@jcu.edu.au, Environmental_Services@compuserve.com,
        apaterson@ocean.nos.noaa.gov, c.wilkinson@aims.gov.au,
        j.oliver@gbrmpa.gov.au, jamie_oliver@hotmail.com, hendee@aoml.noaa.gov,
        J.McManus@cgnet.com, jsapper@nesdis.noaa.gov, eakin@ogp.noaa.gov,
        rayb@gbrmpa.gov.au, R.Kenchington@gbrmpa.gov.au,
        Roger.B.Griffis@noaa.gov, s.massel@aims.gov.au, T.Done@aims.gov.au,
        apicciolo@nodc.noaa.gov, w.skirving@aims.gov.au
X-Mailer: SPRY Mail Version: 04.10.06.22
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 37
HotSpot Notes   February 2, 1999
Western Hemisphere:
	NOAA satellite data show a large HotSpot appears to be
developing, WNW-ESE, south of Tahiti.  Compare 2 Feb 99
with 2 Feb 98 [El Nino year]!
Eastern Hemisphere:
	The large HotSpot around the central Great Barrier Reef
continues to grow as winds continue to be light and sunshine
abundant.  We have just received reports of slight bleaching in
the past few weeks in the vicinity of Lizard Island [near Cairns]
"very minor degree of bleaching in some pocilloporids - patchy
and only in some colonies".
AES
http://psbsgi1.nesdis.noaa.gov:8080/PSB/EPS/SST/climohot.html
 -- or --
http://manati.wwb.noaa.gov/orad/sub/noaarsrc.html
**** <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< *****
Alan E. Strong
  Phys Scientist/Oceanographer                    Adj Assoc Res Professor
  NOAA/NESDIS/ORA/ORAD -- E/RA3                    US Naval Academy
  NOAA Science Center -- RM 711W                    Oceanography Department
  5200 Auth Road                                        Annapolis, MD 21402
  Camp Springs, MD 20746-4304                            410-293-6550
        Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov
  301-763-8102 x170    FAX: 301-763-8108
          http://manati.wwb.noaa.gov/orad
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Feb  2 12:22:26 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA25635; Tue, 2 Feb 1999 12:22:24 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA03252; Tue, 2 Feb 1999 12:25:00 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma003223; Tue, 2 Feb 99 12:24:48 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA17744; Tue, 2 Feb 1999 15:55:43 GMT
Received: from hotmail.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA17739; Tue, 2 Feb 1999 10:55:38 -0500
Received: (qmail 23344 invoked by uid 0); 2 Feb 1999 15:53:58 -0000
Message-ID: <19990202155358.23343.qmail@hotmail.com>
Received: from 194.82.103.16 by www.hotmail.com with HTTP;
	Tue, 02 Feb 1999 07:53:58 PST
X-Originating-IP: [194.82.103.16]
From: "Taufik Hizbul Haq" <yajari@hotmail.com>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: information
Date: Tue, 02 Feb 1999 07:53:58 PST
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 38
Dear all,
I'm just want to aks if anyone has information about Pulau Payar in
Malaysia; the coral bleaching, tourism activities, etc.
I need them for my study.
Thank you for your information.
Yajari-Lombok
______________________________________________________
Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Feb  2 12:55:42 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA26319; Tue, 2 Feb 1999 12:55:39 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA01112; Tue, 2 Feb 1999 12:58:12 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma001050; Tue, 2 Feb 99 12:58:05 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA18475; Tue, 2 Feb 1999 17:15:21 GMT
Received: from linus.ngs.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (950413.SGI.8.6.12/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA18470; Tue, 2 Feb 1999 12:15:17 -0500
Received: from ocean.nos.noaa.gov (ocean.nos.noaa.gov [140.90.168.102])
	by linus.ngs.noaa.gov (8.8.6 (PHNE_14041)/8.8.5) with SMTP id MAA01868;
	Tue, 2 Feb 1999 12:08:22 -0500 (EST)
Message-ID: <n1294164875.6276@ocean.nos.noaa.gov>
Date: 2 Feb 1999 12:14:45 -0500
From: "Haskell, Ben" <bhaskell@ocean.nos.noaa.gov>
Subject: Jellyfish Lake- Palau
To: "Coral list" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Cc: "Colin, Pat" <crrf@palaunet.com>
X-Mailer: Mail*Link SMTP for Quarterdeck Mail; Version 4.1.0
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="ISO-8859-1"; Name="Message Body"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id MAA26319
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 39
I'm forwarding this message (rec'd in Jan. 99) from Dr. Pat Colin:
"Besides the terrible coral bleaching we experienced, the population of the large Mastigias jellyfish in the lake where the tourists go has crashed! The sunworshipping jellyfish of jellyfish lake are gone. Seems the big drought we had last year has caused the water there to be too warm and too saline for the young jellyfish to survive.  Things are slowly moving back to normal, but it may be some time before the jellyfish come back, maybe as much as six months to a year.  It is insane how much things have been affected here by the climate chaos.  Palau is certainly not isolated from what's affecting the rest of the world.  All for now, cheers, Pat"
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Feb  4 07:55:19 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id HAA27003; Thu, 4 Feb 1999 07:55:16 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA03377; Thu, 4 Feb 1999 07:57:46 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma003343; Thu, 4 Feb 99 07:57:22 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA03288; Thu, 4 Feb 1999 12:41:50 GMT
Message-Id: <199902041241.MAA03288@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Thu, 4 Feb 1999 07:40:02 -0500 (EST)
From: Coral Workstation at NOAA/AOML <coral@aoml.noaa.gov>
To: Coral-List <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Sorry about that...
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 40
Unfortunately, the aging coral workstation, which hosts coral-list, the
CHAMP Web Page, and several other Web pages and listservers, was down for
about 9 or 10 hours yesterday due to some problems with the hardware and
software.  Hopefully, these problems are now fixed.
	Cheers,
	Jim Hendee
	NOAA's
	Coral Health and Monitoring
	  Program Administrator
	  (jim.hendee@noaa.gov)
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Feb  4 08:57:32 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA27916; Thu, 4 Feb 1999 08:57:29 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA06849; Thu, 4 Feb 1999 09:00:12 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma006816; Thu, 4 Feb 99 08:59:38 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA04394; Thu, 4 Feb 1999 13:55:23 GMT
Message-Id: <199902041355.NAA04394@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Wed, 03 Feb 1999 16:13:28 -0500 (EST)
From: Walt Jaap STP <JAAP_W@epic7.dep.state.fl.us>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Job at FMRI
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 41
SHORT-TERM JOB AVAILABLE - FLORIDA MARINE RESEARCH INSTITUTE, 100 8th Ave
SE, St. Petersburg, FL 33701-5095.
The individual will assist research staff in emergency and normal field
work (ship groundings, dredge insults, aquaculture surveys, coral reef
surveys, and long term ecological research projects).  Other
responsibilities include equipment maintenance and computer data entry.
This is a temporary position paying $8.00 an hour with no benefits.
Overtime is paid for work over 40 hours in a week and travel expenses are
reimbursed after the event.  The individual should be in good health and
able to work well with others in stressful circumstances.  The work area
is in central and southern Florida.
Must be able to perform at the scientific diver level of skill and be able
to pass all requirements in the American Academy of Underwater Sciences
standards for a scientific diver: medical exam, swimming test, written
exam, health and safety certifications and openwater checkout
(http://www.aaus.org/).
Skills that are of primary importance:
1. Operating and primary maintenance of air filling stations (compressor,
cascade cylinders).
2. Experience in the use of underwater video equipment: setting up,
testing, operating, maintenance, and editing to include copying tapes and
frame grabbing images for computer files.
3. Scuba equipment maintenance.
4. The individual should have participated in a small boat safety class
and have small boat operating skills (navigation and maintenance).
5. Experience in underwater 35 mm photography to include setting up,
testing, operating, and maintenance.
6. Computer systems to include MS Word, spread sheets (Quatro Pro,
Excel), image processing software, and the ability to use e-mail.
7. Skills in underwater survey techniques to include quadrats, transects,
and photogrammetry.
8. Use of lift bags, epoxy applicators, hydraulic and pneumatic tools,
compass, surface supplied diving gear, dry suits, taking measurements
(distance and bearings) of distinct features.
Respond to Emergency response technical assistant, FAX: 727-893-1270.  A
resume and the names and phone numbers of two references should be
provided.  Please respond by 5:00 PM on 10 February.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Feb  4 16:23:33 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA07810; Thu, 4 Feb 1999 16:23:28 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA07256; Thu, 4 Feb 1999 16:26:06 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma007228; Thu, 4 Feb 99 16:25:53 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA01046; Thu, 4 Feb 1999 20:48:04 GMT
Received: from mail.pixi.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id PAA01041; Thu, 4 Feb 1999 15:47:58 -0500 (EST)
Received: from pholthus (adp8470-1-01.pixi.net [209.84.70.13])
	by mail.pixi.com (8.8.5/8.8.5/PIXI-5.2) with SMTP id KAA22243;
	Thu, 4 Feb 1999 10:46:16 -1000 (HST)
Message-Id: <4.0.1.19990204101337.00dd7570@mail.pixi.com>
X-Sender: pholthus@mail.pixi.com
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 4.0.1
Date: Thu, 04 Feb 1999 10:48:04 -1000
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Paul Holthus <paul.holthus@aquariumcouncil.org>
Subject: Marine Aquarium Council - Certifying Quality & Sustainability
Cc: Jamie Resor - World Wildlife Fund <jamie.resor@wwfus.org>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	types="text/plain,text/html";
	boundary="=====================_21642316==_.ALT"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 42
--=====================_21642316==_.ALT
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Dear Coral-Listers,
Please allow me to bring the Marine Aquarium Council to your attention.=20
MAC is a major new international effort to address sustainability and=
 quality
in the harvesting and commerce of marine aquarium organisms.
Below is a brief description of the rationale, background and status of this
comprehensive program to develop standards, certification and labeling for=
 the
marine ornamentals industry. =20
The MAC website (www.aquariumcouncil.org) contains more information as well=
 as
means to register your interest in being a part of this growing global
network.
We look forward to the involvement of the coral reef science and management
community in these efforts.
With regards,
Paul Holthus
Executive Director
Marine Aquarium Council
3035 Hibiscus Drive, Honolulu, Hawaii 96815
Ph: +1 808 923-3254  Fax: +1 808 923 -6023 =20
E-mail: paul.holthus@aquariumcouncil.org
Website: www.aquariumcouncil.org
THE MARINE AQUARIUM COUNCIL:=20
CERTIFYING QUALITY AND SUSTAINABILITY IN THE MARINE AQUARIUM INDUSTRY
Market forces are one of the most useful means to encourage and support
quality
"products" and sustainable practices in the marine ornamentals industry. The
demand from informed consumers for such products and practices will create
incentives for industry to adopt and adhere to standards to improve quality
control and management of the organisms, habitat, and industry practices and
provide a quality-assured, higher value-added product.
The corollary is that marine aquarium organisms of poor quality and
unsustainable practices will face decreasing market acceptance.  As a=
 result,
destructive and substandard practices (e.g. use of sodium cyanide, lack of
water quality control, high levels of mortality) will decrease as these
operators either adjust their practices "upward" to comply with the=
 standards
or lose the support of the market and fall out of the industry.
To put these market forces to work, a Certification System is needed to:=20
=B7       establish standards for quality products and practices;
=B7       provide a system to document compliance with these standards;
=B7       label the results of certification for quality assurance; and=20
=B7       create consumer demand and confidence for certified and labeled
organisms, practices and industry participants.
Due to the global nature of the trade in marine ornamentals, an independent,
multi-stakeholder, international institution is required to work with all of
the relevant parties, especially the entire industry "Chain of Custody" -=
 i.e.
from collectors to exporters to importers/wholesalers to retailers and the
consumer. The Marine Aquarium Council has been established for this purpose.
The Marine Aquarium Council (MAC) is a non-profit organization that brings
together a rapidly growing cross section of representatives of the=
 ornamentals
industry, conservation organizations, government agencies, public aquariums,
hobbyists and scientists - all with a shared interest in the future of the
marine ornamentals industry, the marine organisms it is based on and the
habitat that supports them. Stakeholder consultations are underway to=
 develop
standards and test them in pilot areas, and begin initial certification in
1999.  Participation in MAC is open to those ready to collaborate and
contribute to a constructive dialogue and the development of a Certification
System for marine ornamentals.
--=====================_21642316==_.ALT
Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<html>
Dear Coral-Listers,<br>
<br>
Please allow me to bring the Marine Aquarium Council to your attention.
<br>
MAC is a major new international effort to address sustainability and
quality in the harvesting and commerce of marine aquarium=20
organisms.<br>
<br>
Below is a brief description of the rationale, background and status of
this comprehensive program to develop standards, certification and
labeling for the marine ornamentals industry.&nbsp; <br>
<br>
The MAC website
(<a href=3D"http://www.aquariumcouncil.org/" eudora=3D"autourl">www.aquarium=
council.org</a>)
contains more information as well as means to register your interest in
being a part of this growing global network.<br>
<br>
We look forward to the involvement of the coral reef science and
management community in these efforts.<br>
<br>
With regards,<br>
<br>
Paul Holthus<br>
<br>
Executive Director<br>
Marine Aquarium Council<br>
3035 Hibiscus Drive, Honolulu, Hawaii 96815<br>
Ph: +1 808 923-3254&nbsp; Fax: +1 808 923 -6023&nbsp; <br>
E-mail: paul.holthus@aquariumcouncil.org<br>
Website:
<a href=3D"http://www.aquariumcouncil.org/"=
 eudora=3D"autourl">www.aquariumcouncil.org</a><br>
<br>
<br>
THE MARINE AQUARIUM COUNCIL: <br>
CERTIFYING QUALITY AND SUSTAINABILITY IN THE MARINE AQUARIUM
INDUSTRY<br>
<br>
Market forces are one of the most useful means to encourage and support
quality &quot;products&quot; and sustainable practices in the marine
ornamentals industry. The demand from informed consumers for such
products and practices will create incentives for industry to adopt and
adhere to standards to improve quality control and management of the
organisms, habitat, and industry practices and provide a quality-assured,
higher value-added product.<br>
<br>
The corollary is that marine aquarium organisms of poor quality and
unsustainable practices will face decreasing market acceptance.&nbsp; As
a result, destructive and substandard practices (e.g. use of sodium
cyanide, lack of water quality control, high levels of mortality) will
decrease as these operators either adjust their practices
&quot;upward&quot; to comply with the standards or lose the support of
the market and fall out of the industry.<br>
<br>
To put these market forces to work, a Certification System is needed to:
<br>
<font face=3D"Symbol">=B7<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</=
x-tab></font>establish
standards for quality products and practices;<br>
<font face=3D"Symbol">=B7<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</=
x-tab></font>provide
a system to document compliance with these standards;<br>
<font face=3D"Symbol">=B7<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</=
x-tab></font>label
the results of certification for quality assurance; and <br>
<font face=3D"Symbol">=B7<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</=
x-tab></font>create
consumer demand and confidence for certified and labeled organisms,
practices and industry participants.<br>
<br>
Due to the global nature of the trade in marine ornamentals, an
independent, multi-stakeholder, international institution is required to
work with all of the relevant parties, especially the entire industry
&quot;Chain of Custody&quot; - i.e. from collectors to exporters to
importers/wholesalers to retailers and the consumer. The Marine Aquarium
Council has been established for this purpose.<br>
<br>
The Marine Aquarium Council (MAC) is a non-profit organization that
brings together a rapidly growing cross section of representatives of the
ornamentals industry, conservation organizations, government agencies,
public aquariums, hobbyists and scientists - all with a shared interest
in the future of the marine ornamentals industry, the marine organisms it
is based on and the habitat that supports them. Stakeholder consultations
are underway to develop standards and test them in pilot areas, and begin
initial certification in 1999.&nbsp; Participation in MAC is open to
those ready to collaborate and contribute to a constructive dialogue and
the development of a Certification System for marine ornamentals.<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
</html>
--=====================_21642316==_.ALT--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Feb  4 17:33:10 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA08868; Thu, 4 Feb 1999 17:33:07 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA10254; Thu, 4 Feb 1999 17:35:45 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma010206; Thu, 4 Feb 99 17:35:29 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA01454; Thu, 4 Feb 1999 21:49:34 GMT
Received: from mail.adhost.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA01459; Thu, 4 Feb 1999 16:49:24 -0500 (EST)
Received: from atinker.accessone.com (ip131.usr6.usw.du.nwlink.com [209.20.134.131])
	by mail.adhost.com (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id NAA16674
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov.>; Thu, 4 Feb 1999 13:47:42 -0800 (PST)
Message-Id: <3.0.3.32.19990204135046.007cbb70@mail.adhost.com>
X-Sender: aaron@mail.adhost.com
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0.3 (32)
Date: Thu, 04 Feb 1999 13:50:46 -0800
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Aaron Tinker <aaron@mcbi.org>
Subject: Job Posting
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id RAA08868
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 43
Exciting job opportunity  please distribute (sorry for cross-postings)
Position:	Program and Legislative Associate, Washington DC
Description:  Marine Conservation Biology Institute (MCBI), a non-profit
conservation organization based in Redmond, WA seeks an enthusiastic,
energetic, and experienced staff person to lobby Congress and federal
agencies on key issues and assist in other program activities in its
Washington DC office.  The Associate would work closely with the Program
Director to  identify issues of concern, strategize with others in the
conservation community, and carry out successful campaigns.  MCBI is
dedicated to advancing the science of marine conservation biology by
holding multidisciplinary scientific workshops on emerging issues and
disseminating the results to policymakers and the public.  Advocacy efforts
in Washington DC focus largely on policies affecting marine protected
areas/marine sanctuaries and improving funding for marine conservation
biology research.  Other program activities could include organizing and/or
facilitating scientific workshops and assisting with workshop publications.
Qualifications:  Successful candidates will have a graduate degree in
marine biology, ecology, oceanography, marine affairs, natural resource
management, environmental science, or related field, and at least 2 years
experience advocating environmental policies, preferably at the federal
level.  Excellent oral and written communications skills a must.
Candidates must be comfortable dealing with scientists and communicating
scientific concepts to policymakers and the public, and must be
self-starters capable of working independently.  Experience working with
the media and generating media coverage a plus.
Starting salary: $35,000 - $40,000 depending on experience, plus excellent
benefits.
To apply: Send resume, brief writing sample, and full contact information
for 3 references by mail to Program Director, Marine Conservation Biology
Institute, 205 N. Edgewood St., Arlington VA 22201.  No phone calls, faxes,
or emails please.
Deadline:  March 9.
Http://www.mcbi.org
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Feb  4 19:30:53 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id TAA10322; Thu, 4 Feb 1999 19:30:50 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA13167; Thu, 4 Feb 1999 19:33:31 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma013141; Thu, 4 Feb 99 19:32:40 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id XAA02078; Thu, 4 Feb 1999 23:50:14 GMT
Received: from minim.drug.COM by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id SAA02072; Thu, 4 Feb 1999 18:50:01 -0500 (EST)
Received: from minim.drug.com (xxx.drug.com [202.33.25.28])
	by minim.drug.COM (8.9.2/who-cares) with SMTP id IAA11474
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 5 Feb 1999 08:55:20 +0900 (JST)
Reply-To: y@drug.com
Message-Id: <4.0.1-J.19990203054900.020c1ed0@202.33.25.4>
X-Sender: y@drug.com
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 4.0.1-J
Date: Fri, 05 Feb 1999 08:48:47 +0900
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Yoshi Mizuno <y@drug.com>
Subject: Re: Coral Harvesting--CO2 release comparison
In-Reply-To: <C1516ADB11A7D21197CD00A0C9AC2E6C01455B@mail.kva.se>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 44
Dear Coral-Listers,
At 08:36 99/01/19 +0100, Miriam Huitric wrote:
>Ultimately, private aquaria coral is a luxury item (after the 2,000 dollar
>estimate for the equipment needed - if you can afford that, you can afford
>to travel to the reef). In times of healthy reef abundance this market is
..
>  It has been argued on the list that to have corals in your home brings you
> nearer to the reef and its nature - in that case private owners should be
> more than sympathetic to a ruling in the favour of coral reefs. Those yet to
> live through the experience of privately owning coral could make do with
> visiting the aquaria or seeing an actual coral reef  in the mean time - or?
As a reef keeper and a scuba diver, I have been thinking about the above
for a while.  Dr. Carlson and others have pointed out the eventual positive
effect of coral farming/collecting to the health of the coral reef.  Assumin
g that
the global warming has contributed to this bleaching event, I have come up
with the following estimation.  I would love to hear any comments or critici
sm
on the issue.
Comparison of Reef Keeping vs. Reef Visiting in terms of CO2 production
---------------------------------------------------------
Assumptions:
--Compare one trip to Maldives (family of three)  vs. reef tank run for a year
--Average power consumption of a reef tank: 500W
--Estimated fuel consumption per passenger on 747 traveling
  long distance: 20 km/liter  (From Japan Airline Webpage)
--Distance from Tokyo to Male, Maldives via Singapore: 8750km
--Specific gravity of Jet fuel : 0.8
--Carbon content of Jet Fuel : 0.68kg/liter (My guess)
	Since Jet Fuel is hydrocarbon,  assuming it is normal alkane
	cabon/hydrogen ratio is Cn vs. Hn x2 + 2.  If n=7,  H:C(wt) =16:84
	So one liter of Jet fuel has  1liter x 0.8 kg/liter x 0.85 = 0.68 kg of car
bon
--Ignore CO2 production for the aquarium equipment manufacturing;
	Ignore CO2 production other than jet fuel for the trip.
---------------------------------------------------------
Jet Fuel of a reef trip (a family of three).
  8750km x 2  / 20km/liter = 880 liter.  (Round trip)
  880 liter x 3 = 2.6k liter ;-O
------------------------------------------------------------
As Electricity in Tokyo is generate by
  43% Nuclear 34% LNG, LPG 12% Oil 7% Hydroelectric. 4% Coal.
CO2 (grams of carbon)  producing potential per 1kWh generated
  Coal 270  Oil  200 LNG 178 Nuclear 6 Hydroelectric 5
270 x 0.04 + 200 x 0.12 + 178 x 0.34 + 6 x 0.43 + 5 x 0.07 = 98.25 g/kWh
However, Tokyo Denryoku (Electric Power) officially claims that they achieve
81g/kWh of Carbon. So let's use that number.
------------------------------------------------------------
Reef tank power consumption in a year
	500W x 24h x 356 days = 4380kWh
------------------------------------------------------------
C02 GENERATED
Reef Trip for Three:        2.6kl x 0.68kg/l carbon = 1770kg of carbon
Reef Tank in Tokyo:        4.4MWh x 81 kg/MWh = 356kg of carbon
The bottom line:  "Running reef tank one year" produces about five times less
CO2 compared to a  "reef trip for three."
PS.  I think my reef tank is sucking CO2 out of atomosphere ;-)
 -- I notice pH drop when I have a lots (over 20) people in my living room.
. .
--
Yoshi Mizuno
y@drug.com
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Feb  5 02:14:46 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id CAA12391; Fri, 5 Feb 1999 02:14:39 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id CAA20004; Fri, 5 Feb 1999 02:17:16 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma019989; Fri, 5 Feb 99 02:17:07 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id GAA03798; Fri, 5 Feb 1999 06:25:17 GMT
Received: from cuda.jcu.edu.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id BAA03790; Fri, 5 Feb 1999 01:25:04 -0500 (EST)
Received: from reef-lab.jcu.edu.au ([137.219.47.117])
	by cuda.jcu.edu.au (8.8.8/8.8.8) with SMTP id QAA15660
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 5 Feb 1999 16:23:22 +1000 (EST)
Message-ID: <36BB1AAF.486F@jcu.edu.au>
Date: Fri, 05 Feb 1999 16:22:07 +0000
From: Paul Marshall <paul.marshall@jcu.edu.au>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 3.01Gold (Win95; I)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Video footage of bleached reefs
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 45
Hi Georg
Together with another colleague, Andrew Baird, I have been researching
the coral bleaching episode of 1998 on the Great Barrier Reef. Our
initial results are reported in the last issue of Coral Reefs for 1998
as a Reef Site:
Baird, AH; Marshall, PA; 1998
"Mass bleaching of corals on the Great Barrier Reef "
CORAL REEFS; VOL 17; NUMBER 4; pp. 376
During our surveys we obtained some dramatic video (Hi8) footage of some
of the worst affected reefs during the height of bleaching. While the
water visibility is typical for inshore reefs, the images are quite
spectacular. Please let me know if you think that the German TV channel
might be interested.
cheers
Paul Marshall
CRC Reef Research Centre
James Cook University
Townsville
Australia
email: paul.marshall@jcu.edu.au
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Feb  5 09:12:26 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA16651; Fri, 5 Feb 1999 09:12:24 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA26558; Fri, 5 Feb 1999 09:14:55 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma026538; Fri, 5 Feb 99 09:14:27 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA05954; Fri, 5 Feb 1999 13:21:30 GMT
Date: Fri, 5 Feb 1999 13:21:30 GMT
Message-Id: <199902051321.NAA05954@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: Coral-List.Administrator@aoml.noaa.gov
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Coral workstation at AOML
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 46
My apologies to all who have tried to post messages to
coral-list but could not.  I have had to replace the
hard drive on the coral workstation, and the operating
system, and there were some problems with messages
going to some locations.  If you have recently (yesterday
or today) tried to post a message, but it failed,
please drop me a note at jim.hendee@noaa.gov and
forward to me any error message(s) you received.
Thanks for your patience and help.
	Cheers,
	Jim Hendee
	coral-list administrator
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Feb  5 12:28:46 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA20692; Fri, 5 Feb 1999 12:28:43 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA08778; Fri, 5 Feb 1999 12:31:15 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma008745; Fri, 5 Feb 99 12:30:50 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA07274; Fri, 5 Feb 1999 16:32:07 GMT
Received: from heinlein.acpub.duke.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA07246; Fri, 5 Feb 1999 11:31:57 -0500 (EST)
Received: from godzilla2.acpub.duke.edu (mbm4@godzilla2.acpub.duke.edu [152.3.233.43])
	by heinlein.acpub.duke.edu (8.8.5/Duke-4.7.0) with ESMTP id LAA27485;
	Fri, 5 Feb 1999 11:23:27 -0500 (EST)
Received: (from mbm4@localhost)
	by godzilla2.acpub.duke.edu (8.8.5/Duke-4.7.1) id LAA21677;
	Fri, 5 Feb 1999 11:23:26 -0500 (EST)
Date: Fri, 5 Feb 1999 11:23:25 -0500 (EST)
From: Mike Mascia <mbm4@duke.edu>
X-Sender: mbm4@godzilla2.acpub.duke.edu
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Duke Marine Conservation Program
Message-ID: <Pine.SOL.3.91.990205112302.21555A-100000@godzilla2.acpub.duke.edu>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 47
APOLOGIES FOR CROSS LISTING
	Duke University Integrated Marine Conservation Program
	The Nicholas School of the Environment Marine Laboratory at Duke
University is offering an unparalleled educational opportunity from July 12
to August 13, 1999.  Duke's Integrated Marine Conservation Program teaches
the principles necessary for the conservation and preservation of the coastal
and oceanic environment.  The focus is on interdisciplinary problem
solving--using natural and social science theory to resolve real world
environmental problems.
	The Duke summer faculty will be joined by distinguished scholars from
around the country for this intensive five week program.  Visiting faculty
include: Kai Lee, Williams College; Bonnie J. McCay, Rutgers University; John
McQuaid, The Times-Picayune (New Orleans, Louisiana); and Peter B. Moyle,
University of California at Davis.
	Participants in the Integrated Marine Conservation Program usually
enroll in the program's 'core' course (Conservation Biology and Policy) and
one of six elective courses offered concurrently.  Enrollment in any one
course is also possible.
	Scholarships are available, including several earmarked for
international students.  In order to receive full consideration, applications
for general scholarships must be received by March 1. Applications for
international student scholarships must be received by April 1.  Applications
for the Integrated Marine Conservation Program will be accepted until the
program is full.
	For further information, see our web site at
http://www.env.duke.edu/marinelab/mlterm2.html or contact Ms Helen Nearing at
hnearing@duke.edu, (252) 504-7502.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Feb  5 15:57:18 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA26826; Fri, 5 Feb 1999 15:57:15 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA23490; Fri, 5 Feb 1999 15:59:49 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma023470; Fri, 5 Feb 99 15:59:11 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA08553; Fri, 5 Feb 1999 19:53:09 GMT
Date: Fri, 5 Feb 1999 19:53:09 GMT
Message-Id: <199902051953.TAA08553@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: Matt Patterson <PATTERSON_M@epic7.dep.state.fl.us>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Job at FMRI
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 48
Concerning Walt Jaap's recent posting of a job at FMRI, please
also read this, if you are interested in the position.  It has
some necessary legalese and important descriptions.
JOB OPPORTUNITY
FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
FLORIDA MARINE RESEARCH INSTITUTE
100 8th Ave S.E.
St. Petersburg, FL 33701-5095.
POSITION:  	(OPS) TECHNICAL STAFF, $8.00 PER HOUR-NO BENEFITS
APPLY TO:  	Emergency response technical assistant
FAX #: 		727-893-1270
CLOSING DATE:   February 10, 1999, 5:00 p.m.
Fax resume and the names and phone numbers of two references by the
closing date.
JOB DESCRIPTION: asist research staff in emergency and normal field
(Overtime is paid for work hours over 40 in a week week (Friday to
Thursday) and approved travel expenses are reimbursed after the event.)
DESIRED QUALIFICATIONS:  1. Ability to work in the field under demanding
physical conditions and work well with others in stressful circumstances.
2. Ability to perform at the scientific diver lev
3. Skill in the operation and primary maintenance of air filling stations
(compressor, cascade cylinders).
4. Experience in the use of underwater video equipment: setup, testing,
operating, maintenance, and editing to include copying tapes and frame
grabbing images for computer files.
5. Scuba equipment maintenance.
6. Possession of Small Boat Safety Class certification and skill in the
operation and maintenance of small boat s
7. Experience in underwater 35 mm photography to include setup, testing,
operating, and maintenance.
8. Experience with Personal Computer systems and software including MS
Word, spread sheets (Quatro Pro, Excel), image processing software, and
the ability to use e-mail.
9. Skill in underwater survey techniques to include quadrats, transects,
and photogrammetry.
10. Experience with lift bags, epoxy applicators, hydraulic and pneumatic
tools, compass, surface supplied diving gear, dry suits, taking
measurements (distance and bearings) of distinct features.
AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY /AFFIRMATIVE ACTION EMPLOYER FEDERAL LAW REQUIRES
THAT WE HIRE ONLY U.S. CITIZENS AND LAWFULLY AUTHROIZED ALIENS WHO CAN
PROVIDE PROOF OF THEIR IDENTITY AND EMPLOYMENT ELIGIBILITY.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Feb  5 18:31:35 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id SAA29392; Fri, 5 Feb 1999 18:31:32 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA03378; Fri, 5 Feb 1999 18:34:11 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma003371; Fri, 5 Feb 99 18:33:59 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id WAA09405; Fri, 5 Feb 1999 22:42:13 GMT
Received: from barra.jcu.edu.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA09398; Fri, 5 Feb 1999 17:42:04 -0500 (EST)
Received: from localhost (glpal@localhost)
	by barra.jcu.edu.au (8.8.8/8.8.8) with SMTP id IAA11399;
	Sat, 6 Feb 1999 08:40:22 +1000 (EST)
Date: Sat, 6 Feb 1999 08:40:22 +1000 (EST)
From: Piers Larcombe <Piers.Larcombe@jcu.edu.au>
Reply-To: Piers Larcombe <Piers.Larcombe@jcu.edu.au>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
cc: me! <piers.larcombe@jcu.edu.au>, ken woolfe <ken.woolfe@jcu.edu.au>,
        tim bell <tim.bell@jcu.edu.au>
Subject: Great Barrier Reef Field Course
Message-ID: <Pine.OSF.3.96.990206083431.28092E-100000@barra.jcu.edu.au>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 49
The School of Earth Sciences at James Cook University is offering a field
course which may be of interest to readers of the newsgroup.
DO YOUR FIELD COURSE ON THE GREAT BARRIER REEF AND ADJACENT COAST
(June 7-28, 1999)
'Coral Reefs and Mangroves of the Great Barrier Reef'
Focus: Field studies in shelf sedimentology
Location : Townsville and environs
Duration: 3 weeks from June 7 to June 28, 1999.
Credit: 4 credit points from James Cook University (contact James Cook
University for information on credit transferability).
Cost: $3600 (Australian dollars - approximately US$2500 - includes
accommodation and transport once you arrive at James Cook University to
start the course).
This course introduces students to the cutting-edge of sedimentology
research using the central Great Barrier Reef Lagoon as its laboratory.
The focus is on the sedimentary processes which control the distribution
of shelf sediments and coral reefs. The course will consist of an
introduction (delivered remotely via the web and by lectures and practical
work at JCU), followed by 12-14 days of fieldwork, using the University
research vessels Mudskipper and James Kirby. Students may have the option
to view the reef from the air (through an overflight by small plane) and
to visit the outer reef. During the first half of the course, participants
will be introduced to a range of instrumentation and equipment (including
current meters, bed-level sensors, grab samplers, side-scan sonar,
vibrocorer, sub-bottom profiler) and sedimentary environments (including
fringing coral reefs, near-shore turbid-zone reefs, coastal sediment
bodies, shelf sediment bodies and the outer reef). During the second half
of the course, participants will develop and focus on a specific research
issue. This elite course is designed to provide hands-on experience on the
Great Barrier Reef itself, an unparalleled setting in which to learn the
complexities of the shelf system from experts in the field.
See website http://www.jcu.edu.au/school/earth/teaching/fieldov.html
Primary Contact: 	Professor Tim Bell
			tim.bell@jcu.edu.au
			fax: +61 (0)7 4725-1501
COURSE OUTLINE
Course Leaders: Dr Ken Woolfe, Dr Piers Larcombe
Jun 7	Lecture 1	Introduction to the GBR, the School and the Course
	Lecture 2	The GBR Shelf
	Lecture 3	Trade Winds and Cyclones
	Prac 1: 	Tides, Currents and regional sedimentation
			patterns and geology (Townsville Region) and a BBQ
Jun 8	Field Trip	Inter-tidal sedimentary environments (Shelly Bay).
Jun 9 Field Trip	Inter-tidal sedimentary environments (Shelly Bay).
Jun 10 Lecture 4	Applications of particle size analysis
	Lecture 5	Petrology and grain shape
	Prac 2 		Particle size analysis, petrology and grain shape.
	Prac 3 		Reporting.
Jun 11 Lecture 6	Tides and tidal creeks
	Lecture 7	Mangrove systems
	Lecture 8	Collection of real-time data
	Prac 4 		Working with data loggers and data.
Jun 12 Field Trip 	Mangrove creeks and salt flats (Cocoa Creek)
Jun 13 			Travel to field camp (probably Whitsunday Islands)
Jun 14 - 18 		Small group activities
			A) Tides, currents and waves
			B) Inter-tidal sediments
			C) Supra-tidal deposits
			D) Sub-tidal sediments
			E) Seismic stratigraphy
Jun 19 			Outer Reef Trip
Jun 20 			Small group project generation
Jun 21-26 		Small group research projects
Jun 27 			Day trip to investigate a quartz sand problem
Jun 28 			Return to Townsville
Please address initial enquiries to tim.bell@jcu.edu.au.
Piers
--------------------------------------------------------
Dr. Piers Larcombe             piers.larcombe@jcu.edu.au
Tel.  +61 7 47815056                 Fax. +61 7 47251501
http://www.jcu.edu.au/dept/Earth/
http://www.jcu.edu.au/dept/Earth/people/Larcombe.html
Marine Geophysical Laboratory,  School of Earth Sciences
James Cook University,   Townsville,   4811    Australia
--------------------------------------------------------
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Feb  6 00:40:08 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id AAA01197; Sat, 6 Feb 1999 00:40:06 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id AAA10407; Sat, 6 Feb 1999 00:40:48 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma010400; Sat, 6 Feb 99 00:40:12 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA06542; Fri, 5 Feb 1999 16:37:59 GMT
Received: from cbl.umces.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA06694; Fri, 5 Feb 1999 11:37:49 -0500 (EST)
From: auger@cbl.umces.edu
Received: from coryaa2.cbl.umces.edu (coryaa2.cbl.umces.edu [199.75.0.216])
	by cbl.umces.edu (8.9.0/8.9.0) with SMTP id LAA11541
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 5 Feb 1999 11:36:10 -0500 (EST)
Date: Fri, 5 Feb 1999 11:35:45 +0000 (EST)
Reply-To: auger@cbl.umces.edu
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Articles on captive farming and propagation.
Message-ID: <Pine.PCW.3.96.990205113240.12039C-100000@coryaa2.cbl.umces.edu>
X-X-Sender: auger@cbl.umces.edu
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 50
At EPARC(Eastern PA Reef Club) we are currently involved in the
administration of a group of web  pages which are entirely devoted to the
captive propagation of corals.  We hope to create the largest
informational resource on the web, and the most navigable.  But we need
the help of every reefkeeper and scientist out there.
The decline of our coral reefs can in some ways be attributed to our
hobby.  We as a hobby can serve to show the world that we are taking a
stance and trying to stop the reef destruction by propagating and raising
fish and corals in our aquariums.  EPARC wants to join this effort by
making available a large library of techniques used to accomplish just
that.  We hope that all reefers can use and contribute to this effort.
Thanks
Paul Auger
EPARC
http://www.eparc.com
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Feb  6 12:59:39 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA03504; Sat, 6 Feb 1999 12:59:36 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA20501; Sat, 6 Feb 1999 13:02:09 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma020449; Sat, 6 Feb 99 13:01:33 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA14073; Sat, 6 Feb 1999 16:57:41 GMT
Received: from zahn.acpub.duke.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA14076; Sat, 6 Feb 1999 11:57:35 -0500 (EST)
Received: from godzilla5.acpub.duke.edu (mbm4@godzilla5.acpub.duke.edu [152.3.233.46])
	by zahn.acpub.duke.edu (8.8.5/Duke-4.7.0) with ESMTP id LAA09255;
	Sat, 6 Feb 1999 11:51:29 -0500 (EST)
Received: (from mbm4@localhost)
	by godzilla5.acpub.duke.edu (8.8.5/Duke-4.7.1) id LAA07240;
	Sat, 6 Feb 1999 11:51:29 -0500 (EST)
Date: Sat, 6 Feb 1999 11:51:28 -0500 (EST)
From: Mike Mascia <mbm4@duke.edu>
X-Sender: mbm4@godzilla5.acpub.duke.edu
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Duke Marine Conservation Program
Message-ID: <Pine.SOL.3.91.990206114556.5421C-100000@godzilla5.acpub.duke.edu>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 51
	I apologize if this is a duplicate message.  When originally posted
this message appears to have been distributed to some members of coral-list
but not others, perhaps because of recent problems with the server.
**********
APOLOGIES FOR CROSS LISTING
	Duke University Integrated Marine Conservation Program
	The Nicholas School of the Environment Marine Laboratory at Duke
University is offering an unparalleled educational opportunity from July 12
to August 13, 1999.  Duke's Integrated Marine Conservation Program teaches
the principles necessary for the conservation and preservation of the coastal
and oceanic environment.  The focus is on interdisciplinary problem
solving--using natural and social science theory to resolve real world
environmental problems.
	The Duke summer faculty will be joined by distinguished scholars from
around the country for this intensive five week program.  Visiting faculty
include: Kai Lee, Williams College; Bonnie J. McCay, Rutgers University; John
McQuaid, The Times-Picayune (New Orleans, Louisiana); and Peter B. Moyle,
University of California at Davis.
	Participants in the Integrated Marine Conservation Program usually
enroll in the program's 'core' course (Conservation Biology and Policy) and
one of six elective courses offered concurrently.  Enrollment in any one
course is also possible.
	Scholarships are available, including several earmarked for
international students.  In order to receive full consideration, applications
for general scholarships must be received by March 1. Applications for
international student scholarships must be received by April 1.  Applications
for the Integrated Marine Conservation Program will be accepted until the
program is full.
	For further information, see our web site at
http://www.env.duke.edu/marinelab/mlterm2.html or contact Ms Helen Nearing at
hnearing@duke.edu, (252) 504-7502.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Feb  6 14:26:56 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA03943; Sat, 6 Feb 1999 14:26:53 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA21783; Sat, 6 Feb 1999 14:29:32 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma021760; Sat, 6 Feb 99 14:29:03 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA14382; Sat, 6 Feb 1999 18:33:23 GMT
Received: from relay1.Hawaii.Edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA14463; Sat, 6 Feb 1999 13:33:17 -0500 (EST)
Received: from uhunix1.its.hawaii.edu ([128.171.44.6]) by relay1.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <149410(7)>; Sat, 6 Feb 1999 08:31:33 -1000
Received: from localhost by uhunix1.its.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <135686(10)>; Sat, 6 Feb 1999 08:31:29 -1000
Date: 	Sat, 6 Feb 1999 08:31:25 -1000
From: "J. Charles Delbeek" <delbeek@hawaii.edu>
X-Sender: delbeek@uhunix1
To: "James M. Cervino" <cnidaria@earthlink.net>
cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Last Posting, please respond direct.
In-Reply-To: <l03130300b2c6589feaa4@[208.251.162.101]>
Message-ID: <Pine.GSO.4.05.9902060809160.5214-100000@uhunix1>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 52
On Sat, 16 Jan 1999, James M. Cervino wrote:
> In response to Mark, Craig and Charles Posting,
>
> I agree with some of the comments my colleagues have been sending me. That
> for public or private aquarium  research, regulated, commercial
> propagation, and for aquariums that employ aquarists who can keep the
> corals alive (like the Waikiki Aquarium) for long periods without the
> revolving door of new ones, is the only way we should continue.
I would like to see how they will draft legislation that will allow one to
determine what institutions have "qualified" staff and how they will
define qualified. lol
> Craig: major issues rather than "feel good" issues that are qualitatively
> and quantitatively insignificant.
>
> CERVINO: I will make it quantitatively significant, I can show you piles of
> dead corals from one aquarium  and dead un-sold corals from a local
> aquarium store.  Also the thousands that do make the sale alive. These
> stores have customers that are always coming back for new corals. The
> average home aquarist has high mortality rate with the numbers of corals he
> or she purchases.  Multiply this by the thousands of stores across the USA.
>
> This is not a feel good issue, I worked at an aquarium where they kept
> corals as well as friends that worked at other aquariums, I can fill up
> dumpsters with the corals that did not survive in aquaria. When the coral
> dies they bring in another fresh group of colonies. This is consistent at
> most aquariums, a never ending revolving door of corals coming into this
> country, keep in mind this is only the aquarium industry, not the
> ornamental trade for living rooms. I have faxes from a friend of mine who
> owns an aquarium store and I have begun to collect the faxes of the corals
> he gets on a bi-weekly basis. We are talking THOUSANDS of colonies per
> year! Not counting the ones he throws out upon arrival due to necrotic
> tissue. His basement alone can rebuild a reef, he has many dead corals
> sitting in a bin for the past two years.
No one is disputing that there is loss of corals, the question that
remains unanswered I feel, is what is the impact? Does these thousands of
corals represent a significant amount compared to what is available for
collection? IOW is this level sustainable or not?
> Lets not forget SHELL WORLD IN FLORIDA, they are selling dead corals for
> coffee tables, and book shelves, how many reefs were ravished for this one
> store?  Has anyone seen this and other places like shell world in the Fl
> Keys? Most of them are not Caribbean Corals, we see Pacific dead corals
> sold by the hundreds every day at Shell World and places like it.
I wonder how much of the corals they sell are recent acquisitions,
compared to ones they have had in stock for quite some time. I have been
to the Florida Keys and the west and east FL coasts for many years
starting as far back as 1966 and most recently 1994. In going past some of
these places I can't say they are actually doing a booming business
anymore. Many of the pieces that were in their displays are still there.
Also it has been illegal to export corals frok the Philippines for some
years nows. Back in the late 80's a large container of dead corals was
siezed by USFWS in Chicago under the auspices of CITIES. Turns out it was
from the Philippines. It was eventually released because the proper
paperwork was in place and because the Philippine government claimed the
corals were part of stockpiles of dead corals that had been frozen since
the ban had been put in place.
If you are going to call for a ban on coral imports I would suggest that
you concentrate on dead coral imports first. The curio and precious coral
trade accounts for a far greater percentage of the imported corals than
does the live trade. At the 1992 AAZPA (American Association of Zoos and
Public Aquaria) conference, USFWS special agent David Kirkby presented a
paper in which it was stated that from January 1991 to August 1992 USFWS
records showed that 627,884 pieces (8 metric tonnes) of live coral were
imported, exported and re-exported to and from the US. Contrast that with
2,387,179 pieces (544.025 metric tonnes) of dead coral and 2,864,213
pieces (0.953 metric tonnes) of precious corals. In other words 90% by
number or 98% by mass of the corals traded in the US over a period of 20
months were dead corals.
Aquarium Biologist
Waikiki Aquarium
University of Hawaii
"The fact that my physiology differs from yours pleases me to no end."
Mr. Spock
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Feb  6 14:27:56 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA03975; Sat, 6 Feb 1999 14:27:54 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA21799; Sat, 6 Feb 1999 14:30:33 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma021792; Sat, 6 Feb 99 14:30:27 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA14474; Sat, 6 Feb 1999 18:44:45 GMT
Received: from relay1.Hawaii.Edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA14424; Sat, 6 Feb 1999 13:44:40 -0500 (EST)
Received: from uhunix1.its.hawaii.edu ([128.171.44.6]) by relay1.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <149048(7)>; Sat, 6 Feb 1999 08:42:58 -1000
Received: from localhost by uhunix1.its.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <135686(8)>; Sat, 6 Feb 1999 08:42:56 -1000
Date: 	Sat, 6 Feb 1999 08:42:50 -1000
From: "J. Charles Delbeek" <delbeek@hawaii.edu>
X-Sender: delbeek@uhunix1
To: "Huitric, Miriam" <miriamh@beijer.kva.se>
cc: "'Coral List'" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Re: Coral Harvesting
In-Reply-To: <C1516ADB11A7D21197CD00A0C9AC2E6C01455B@mail.kva.se>
Message-ID: <Pine.GSO.4.05.9902060832130.5214-100000@uhunix1>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 53
On Mon, 18 Jan 1999, Huitric, Miriam wrote:
> Ultimately, private aquaria coral is a luxury item (after the 2,000 dollar
> estimate for the equipment needed - if you can afford that, you can afford
> to travel to the reef). In times of healthy reef abundance this market is
> viable (provided reef-friendly techniques are employed). At the moment there
> is much evidence that there is not an abundant resource available. So long
> this debated, hindsight has shown us that caution/ precautionary principle
> should be applied.
Not everyone who can afford $2000 for equipment can afford to travel to a
reef. Many of these hobbyists are using the majority of their paycheques
to build these systems and purchase animals. Many of them live far enough
away from any reef to make the cost of travelling to, visiting and staying
anywhere near a reef cost prohibitive, living in Stockholm I am sure you
can appreciate this. Then there are the shutins and invalids who maintain
aquaria, they certainly cannot afford to travel to a reef or even have the
ability to. Many aquarists who mainatin reefs do not SCUBA dive, or cannot
swim.
> That public aquaria are important as education tools - yes by all
> means, not everyone has the opportunity/ means to visit reefs. If we
> want people to take the measures to protect them, they should know
> what it is they are making sacrifices for. BUT there should be careful
> regulation to ensure that the coral mortality of the exhibit in
> question does not undermine the aim of the display - otherwise it too
> becomes a luxury we can do without during the "coral depression" years
> - some supevision of the success rates of different aquaria is needed
> to determine their viability.
Who would you suggest would do this "supervision" and who would be
qualified to?
> I am not convinced that the market will naturally regulate these problems -
> doesn't scarcity increase value and therefore the amount a harvester makes/
> piece of coral?
Unfortunately the harvester makes VERY little per coral. Perhaps if a) the
price of the coral were greater importers and shippers would take greater
care in shipping and handling then they do now and b), perhaps if the
collectors received more per piece they would too. That is the approach
being taken by OVI in the Philippines wrt fish collection.
> Miriam Huitric
> Beijer International Institute of Ecological Economics
> The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
> Box 50005
> 104 05 Stockholm
> Sweden
J. Charles Delbeek M.Sc.
Aquarium Biologist
Waikiki Aquarium
University of Hawaii
"The fact that my physiology differs from yours pleases me to no end."
Mr. Spock
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Feb  7 20:31:43 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id UAA10725; Sun, 7 Feb 1999 20:31:41 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA20971; Sun, 7 Feb 1999 20:34:20 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma020958; Sun, 7 Feb 99 20:33:22 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id XAA21909; Sun, 7 Feb 1999 23:45:05 GMT
Received: from seralph10.essex.ac.uk by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id SAA21771; Sun, 7 Feb 1999 18:44:37 -0500 (EST)
Received: from sf141.essex.ac.uk ([155.245.129.170])
	by seralph10.essex.ac.uk with smtp (Exim 1.92 #5)
	id 109dgs-0006yQ-00; Sun, 7 Feb 1999 23:32:38 +0000
From: H Woyt <hwoyt@essex.ac.uk>
Reply-To: hwoyt@essex.ac.uk
To: "J. Charles Delbeek" <delbeek@hawaii.edu>
cc: "Coral List'" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Re: Coral Harvesting
Message-ID: <SIMEON.9902072346.B@sf141.essex.ac.uk>
Date: Sun, 7 Feb 1999 23:32:46 +0000 (GMT)
Priority: NORMAL
X-Mailer: Simeon for Win32 Version 4.1.2 Build (32)
X-Authentication: IMSP
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; CHARSET=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 54
Dear Charles,
I've been following this argument for quite some time now and there
seems to be quite a different attitude in the U.S. than in Europe.
> > Ultimately, private aquaria coral is a luxury item (after the 2,000 dollar
> > estimate for the equipment needed - if you can afford that, you can afford
> > to travel to the reef). In times of healthy reef abundance this market is
> > viable (provided reef-friendly techniques are employed). At the moment there
> > is much evidence that there is not an abundant resource available. So long
> > this debated, hindsight has shown us that caution/ precautionary principle
> > should be applied.
>
> Not everyone who can afford $2000 for equipment can afford to travel to a
> reef. Many of these hobbyists are using the majority of their paycheques
> to build these systems and purchase animals. Many of them live far enough
> away from any reef to make the cost of travelling to, visiting and staying
> anywhere near a reef cost prohibitive, living in Stockholm I am sure you
> can appreciate this. Then there are the shutins and invalids who maintain
> aquaria, they certainly cannot afford to travel to a reef or even have the
> ability to. Many aquarists who mainatin reefs do not SCUBA dive, or cannot
> swim.
Yes, you will probably say that my opinion is quite arrogant, but I
truly believe that not everything can be available to everybody. If
somebody can't afford to go and see a real reef than that's the way it
is. Not everybody can go and see elephants in the wild or visit fragile
ecosystems like the Galapagos.
Some people simply have to be content to visit one of the beautiful
commercial aquaria like the one you are operating in Hawaii. If
everybody wants to own what he thinks is beautiful than very soon there
wouldn't be much left.
The demand for life coral is devastating the reefs (apart from other
factors). In a country like Indonesia environmental harvesting
techniques will never be successful. It is simply a very different
situation than you might have in the Caribbean. You might convince
American hobbyists to buy sustainably harvested coral but on the Asian
market this will have no impact at all. All that counts is the price.
In Europe CITES makes the trade in life coral difficult so that it's
really a low key hobby for people who really know what they are doing.
I hope it will stay that way.
Holger Woyt
University of Essex
U.K.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Feb  7 21:23:01 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id VAA10882; Sun, 7 Feb 1999 21:22:59 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA21680; Sun, 7 Feb 1999 21:25:32 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma021671; Sun, 7 Feb 99 21:25:09 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id BAA19045; Mon, 8 Feb 1999 01:21:49 GMT
Received: from iniki.soest.hawaii.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id UAA22183; Sun, 7 Feb 1999 20:21:43 -0500 (EST)
Received: from localhost by iniki.soest.hawaii.edu (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id PAA01670;
	Sun, 7 Feb 1999 15:19:59 -1000 (HST)
X-Authentication-Warning: iniki.soest.hawaii.edu: carlson owned process doing -bs
Date: Sun, 7 Feb 1999 15:19:58 -1000 (HST)
From: Bruce Carlson <carlson@soest.hawaii.edu>
X-Sender: carlson@iniki
To: H Woyt <hwoyt@essex.ac.uk>
cc: "J. Charles Delbeek" <delbeek@hawaii.edu>,
        "Coral List'" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Re: Coral Harvesting
In-Reply-To: <SIMEON.9902072346.B@sf141.essex.ac.uk>
Message-ID: <Pine.GSO.3.95.990207150624.9519D-100000@iniki>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 55
The opinion stated by Woyt is that the "demand for life (sic) coral is
devastating the reefs".  That may be true or it may not be.  Perhaps
someone has actually done some field work to determine the effects of
collecting and its long-term impacts on reefs.  By this I mean systematic,
long-term monitoring of collected reefs, "before", "after" and
"after-after" (ie, do the reefs recover in time?).  Are some
species/habitats more vulnerable than others to harvesting?
I believe this is being tested in Fiji now, but everything else I've heard
is pretty much anecdotal.  Seems to me that it would be a very interesting
problem to tackle -- how quickly will corals recolonize a reef that has
been "devastated" by harvesters?  Are the data consistent with storm
damage recovery, or, because corals are havested selectively, is the
end-result something different?
Bruce Carlson
Waikiki Aquarium
On Sun, 7 Feb 1999, H Woyt wrote:
> Dear Charles,
>
> I've been following this argument for quite some time now and there
> seems to be quite a different attitude in the U.S. than in Europe.
>
> > > Ultimately, private aquaria coral is a luxury item (after the 2,000 dollar
> > > estimate for the equipment needed - if you can afford that, you can afford
> > > to travel to the reef). In times of healthy reef abundance this market is
> > > viable (provided reef-friendly techniques are employed). At the moment there
> > > is much evidence that there is not an abundant resource available. So long
> > > this debated, hindsight has shown us that caution/ precautionary principle
> > > should be applied.
> >
> > Not everyone who can afford $2000 for equipment can afford to travel to a
> > reef. Many of these hobbyists are using the majority of their paycheques
> > to build these systems and purchase animals. Many of them live far enough
> > away from any reef to make the cost of travelling to, visiting and staying
> > anywhere near a reef cost prohibitive, living in Stockholm I am sure you
> > can appreciate this. Then there are the shutins and invalids who maintain
> > aquaria, they certainly cannot afford to travel to a reef or even have the
> > ability to. Many aquarists who mainatin reefs do not SCUBA dive, or cannot
> > swim.
>
> Yes, you will probably say that my opinion is quite arrogant, but I
> truly believe that not everything can be available to everybody. If
> somebody can't afford to go and see a real reef than that's the way it
> is. Not everybody can go and see elephants in the wild or visit fragile
> ecosystems like the Galapagos.
> Some people simply have to be content to visit one of the beautiful
> commercial aquaria like the one you are operating in Hawaii. If
> everybody wants to own what he thinks is beautiful than very soon there
> wouldn't be much left.
> The demand for life coral is devastating the reefs (apart from other
> factors). In a country like Indonesia environmental harvesting
> techniques will never be successful. It is simply a very different
> situation than you might have in the Caribbean. You might convince
> American hobbyists to buy sustainably harvested coral but on the Asian
> market this will have no impact at all. All that counts is the price.
>
> In Europe CITES makes the trade in life coral difficult so that it's
> really a low key hobby for people who really know what they are doing.
> I hope it will stay that way.
>
> Holger Woyt
> University of Essex
> U.K.
>
>
>
>
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Feb  8 01:17:46 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id BAA11691; Mon, 8 Feb 1999 01:17:43 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id BAA28594; Mon, 8 Feb 1999 01:20:32 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028560; Mon, 8 Feb 99 01:19:58 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id FAA23228; Mon, 8 Feb 1999 05:13:46 GMT
Received: from relay1.Hawaii.Edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id AAA23088; Mon, 8 Feb 1999 00:13:40 -0500 (EST)
Received: from uhunix1.its.hawaii.edu ([128.171.44.6]) by relay1.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <152396(4)>; Sun, 7 Feb 1999 19:11:58 -1000
Received: from localhost by uhunix1.its.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <135671(9)>; Sun, 7 Feb 1999 19:11:46 -1000
Date: 	Sun, 7 Feb 1999 19:11:44 -1000
From: "J. Charles Delbeek" <delbeek@hawaii.edu>
X-Sender: delbeek@uhunix1
To: H Woyt <hwoyt@essex.ac.uk>
cc: "Coral List'" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Re: Coral Harvesting
In-Reply-To: <SIMEON.9902072346.B@sf141.essex.ac.uk>
Message-ID: <Pine.GSO.4.05.9902071849060.1367-100000@uhunix1>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 56
On Sun, 7 Feb 1999, H Woyt wrote:
> Yes, you will probably say that my opinion is quite arrogant, but I
> truly believe that not everything can be available to everybody. If
> somebody can't afford to go and see a real reef than that's the way it
> is. Not everybody can go and see elephants in the wild or visit fragile
> ecosystems like the Galapagos.
I agree, not everything will be available to everybody. But not everybody
wants a reef tank. Exactly, not everyone can afford to visit a reef.,
which was James' suggestion. The costs for many is prohibitive, but it is
not prohibitive to own a reef tank. In speaking with a friend in Holland a
few years ago he told me he was selling his tank, it was to oexpensive for
him to run any longer. He also told me that with teh trend to have ALRGE
systems so favoured in Europe, it was getting so expensive that few could
afford to own one. In North America most people have systems under 200
gallons, in Europe is seems as if that is the lower limit
> Some people simply have to be content to visit one of the beautiful
> commercial aquaria like the one you are operating in Hawaii. If
> everybody wants to own what he thinks is beautiful than very soon there
> wouldn't be much left.
I suppose that may be true if the resource were limited or if the degree
of use exceeded the ability for the resource to renew. But where is the
evidence/data to prove that coral collection a) is depleting populations
beyond their ability to renew and b) that the amount of coral collected is
significant to coral reefs overall?
> The demand for life coral is devastating the reefs (apart from other
> factors). In a country like Indonesia environmental harvesting
> techniques will never be successful. It is simply a very different
> situation than you might have in the Caribbean. You might convince
> American hobbyists to buy sustainably harvested coral but on the Asian
> market this will have no impact at all. All that counts is the price.
I am very curious to know on what data you are basing your first assertion
on? I am not so sure I understand why you think Indonesia vs. the
Caribbean would be that different? Also, it has been illegal for quite
some time to collect stony corals and sea fans in most of the Caribbean so
North American hobbyists rarely see corals from this area.
> In Europe CITES makes the trade in life coral difficult so that it's
> really a low key hobby for people who really know what they are doing.
> I hope it will stay that way.
I am a little confused by your statement re:CITIES. Why would this treaty
be treated any differently in North America than it would be Europe?
Confiscations occur here all the time.
J. Charles Delbeek M.Sc.
Aquarium Biologist
Waikiki Aquarium
University of Hawaii
"The fact that my physiology differs from yours pleases me to no end."
Mr. Spock
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Feb  9 01:58:54 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id BAA01784; Tue, 9 Feb 1999 01:58:51 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id CAA27045; Tue, 9 Feb 1999 02:01:32 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma027038; Tue, 9 Feb 99 02:01:30 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id FAA30570; Tue, 9 Feb 1999 05:40:34 GMT
Received: from pearl.aims.gov.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id AAA30563; Tue, 9 Feb 1999 00:40:24 -0500 (EST)
Received: from ltmldr2.aims.gov.au ([138.7.37.8])
	by pearl.aims.gov.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id PAA09402
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 9 Feb 1999 15:38:41 +1000 (EST)
Message-Id: <3.0.5.32.19990209153840.00808ad0@email.aims.gov.au>
X-Sender: hsweatma@email.aims.gov.au
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0.5 (32)
Date: Tue, 09 Feb 1999 15:38:40 +1100
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Hugh Sweatman <h.sweatman@aims.gov.au>
Subject: GBR Status Report 3
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 57
Colleagues,
The Australian Institute of Marine Science's Long-term Monitoring of the
Great Barrier Reef Status Report 3, which was released as a printed
document at the ITMEMS conference in Nov 1998, is now accessible on the
AIMS web page:
http://www.aims.gov.au/pages/reflib/mon-statrep3/statrep3.html
The report summarises information collected in six annual surveys of about
50 reefs spread across the GBR.  At these reefs, small reef fishes and
benthic organisms are surveyed on fixed sites and crown-of-thorns starfish
and general coral cover around the reef perimeter are assessed by manta
tows.  About another 50 reefs are surveyed by manta tow alone.
The report presents information on status and trends for the GBR, by region
and for individual reefs.
The report is available mainly as a series of .pdf files, though the
graphics content make some of these rather large.
The authors intend that this report will be a template for future reporting
of this long-term program, so we would welcome feedback on content and
presentation.
Hugh Sweatman
Long Term Monitoring Program,
Australian Institute of Marine Science,
PMB3 Townsville MC, Qld 4810
Australia
ph: (07) 4753 4470 / +61 7 4753 4470 [GMT +10]
faxes: (07) 4753 4288 / 4772 5852
h.sweatman@aims.gov.au   web: http//www.aims.gov.au/
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Feb  9 07:39:58 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id HAA03469; Tue, 9 Feb 1999 07:39:55 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA01948; Tue, 9 Feb 1999 07:42:46 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma001928; Tue, 9 Feb 99 07:42:36 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id LAA32297; Tue, 9 Feb 1999 11:43:45 GMT
Message-Id: <199902091143.LAA32297@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Fri, 5 Feb 1999 16:39:35 -0600
From: Belize Marine TREC <bztrec@btl.net>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Coral Reef Job for PhD
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 58
Marine Professors Network
WANTED:  Coral Reef Biologist (PhD) to teach field class March 6 to 20, 1999.
         All expenses paid and $2,000 US honorarium.
         Reply for more details.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Feb 11 04:55:09 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id EAA10595; Thu, 11 Feb 1999 04:55:06 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id EAA14708; Thu, 11 Feb 1999 04:58:00 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma014698; Thu, 11 Feb 99 04:57:26 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id JAA50136; Thu, 11 Feb 1999 09:04:30 GMT
Received: from hotmail.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id EAA50144; Thu, 11 Feb 1999 04:04:25 -0500 (EST)
Received: (qmail 13176 invoked by uid 0); 11 Feb 1999 09:02:44 -0000
Message-ID: <19990211090244.13175.qmail@hotmail.com>
Received: from 194.133.91.29 by www.hotmail.com with HTTP;
	Thu, 11 Feb 1999 01:02:44 PST
X-Originating-IP: [194.133.91.29]
From: "maxime fau" <maximefau@hotmail.com>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Tridacna Reproduction
Date: Thu, 11 Feb 1999 01:02:44 PST
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-type: text/plain
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 59
Hello,
As we know a lot of  Tridacna farm are already a success.
But i would like to test this reproduction in a totaly closed
environment.
Does somebody have this kind of experience and can help me in.
Excuse for my english.
Maxime FAU
______________________________________________________
Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Feb 11 11:30:07 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA15545; Thu, 11 Feb 1999 11:30:03 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA02690; Thu, 11 Feb 1999 11:32:55 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma002669; Thu, 11 Feb 99 11:32:53 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA31293; Thu, 11 Feb 1999 15:11:04 GMT
Received: from winnie.fit.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA31417; Thu, 11 Feb 1999 10:10:54 -0500 (EST)
Received: from localhost (shenker@localhost)
	by winnie.fit.edu (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id KAA15060
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 11 Feb 1999 10:07:26 -0500 (EST)
Date: Thu, 11 Feb 1999 10:07:26 -0500 (EST)
From: Jonathan M Shenker <shenker@winnie.fit.edu>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Faculty Position
Message-ID: <Pine.SOL.3.96.990211100542.13994B-100000@winnie.fit.edu>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from QUOTED-PRINTABLE to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id LAA15545
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 60
Apologies for cross-postings on other lists...
Applications are invited for a FULL-TIME POSITION (9 months; rank open) to
begin fall 1999.  Ph.D. and postdoctoral research experience in
INVERTEBRATE BIOLOGY or MARINE ECOLOGY required.  The successful candidate
is expected to develop a strong, funded research program; to direct
graduate students at the M.S. and Ph.D. levels; to teach two undergraduate
courses (invertebrate zoology, marine ecology) and other courses related
to the candidates research interests; and to supervise, maintain, and
develop the departments computer-based instructional facility.  Submit a
curriculum vitae, a concise statement of research and teaching interests,
selected reprints, and the names, addresses, phone numbers, and email
addresses of three references to Dr. Richard L. Turner, Chair, Marine
Biology Search Committee, Department of Biological Sciences, Florida
Institute of Technology, 150 W. University Blvd., Melbourne FL 32901-6975.
Phone:  407-674-8196; fax:  407-674-7238; email:  rturner@fit.edu.
Website:  http://www.fit.edu/AcadRes/csla/.  An Equal Opportunity
Employer.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Feb 11 11:38:37 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA15708; Thu, 11 Feb 1999 11:38:35 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA03562; Thu, 11 Feb 1999 11:41:08 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma003409; Thu, 11 Feb 99 11:40:02 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA51873; Thu, 11 Feb 1999 15:23:24 GMT
Received: from winnie.fit.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA51987; Thu, 11 Feb 1999 10:23:19 -0500 (EST)
Received: from localhost (shenker@localhost)
	by winnie.fit.edu (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id KAA19056
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 11 Feb 1999 10:19:52 -0500 (EST)
Date: Thu, 11 Feb 1999 10:19:51 -0500 (EST)
From: Jonathan M Shenker <shenker@winnie.fit.edu>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Summer Course in Australia
In-Reply-To: <Pine.SOL.3.96.990211100542.13994B-100000@winnie.fit.edu>
Message-ID: <Pine.SOL.3.96.990211101336.13994F-100000@winnie.fit.edu>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 61
The Florida Institute of Technology, in association with the University of
New South Wales, is offering a 6-week course summer course on the biology,
ecology and evolution of terrestrial and coral reef ecosystems in
Australia.  We'll begin the course in the Kakadu National Forest, then
examine the eucalyptus forests of southeast Australia, study the rock
intertidal areas around Sydney and Bundaberd, spend a week on Lady Elliott
Island on the south Great Barrier Reef, travel into the Daintree
Rainforest, and finish on a live-aboard dive boat in the middle GBR.
Course dates: 21 June-2 August 1999.
For more information, visit http://www.bio.fit.edu/summer/aust.htm
Additional questions, and requests for application forms, should be
addressed to:
Dr. Jon Shenker
shenker@fit.edu
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Feb 12 03:46:56 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id DAA25524; Fri, 12 Feb 1999 03:46:53 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id DAA10817; Fri, 12 Feb 1999 03:49:37 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma010810; Fri, 12 Feb 99 03:49:06 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id HAA55703; Fri, 12 Feb 1999 07:49:40 GMT
Received: from relay1.Hawaii.Edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id CAA55248; Fri, 12 Feb 1999 02:49:31 -0500 (EST)
Received: from uhunix1.its.hawaii.edu ([128.171.44.6]) by relay1.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <148614(5)>; Thu, 11 Feb 1999 21:47:46 -1000
Received: from localhost by uhunix1.its.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <135696(4)>; Thu, 11 Feb 1999 21:47:37 -1000
Date: 	Thu, 11 Feb 1999 21:47:34 -1000
From: "J. Charles Delbeek" <delbeek@hawaii.edu>
X-Sender: delbeek@uhunix1
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re:coral (fwd)
Message-ID: <Pine.GSO.4.05.9902112146220.23969-100000@uhunix1>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 62
Anyone care to help this young lady, I have already suggested she needs to
reword her hypothesis as it is not the number of reefs that is decreasing,
but their health.
 J. Charles Delbeek M.Sc.
Aquarium Biologist
Waikiki Aquarium
University of Hawaii
"The fact that my physiology differs from yours pleases me to no end."
Mr. Spock
---------- Forwarded message ----------
Date: Thu, 11 Feb 1999 17:33:16 -1000
From: LAS00013@aol.com
To: adjeroud@uni-perp.fr, REEF003@aol.com, wallison@dhivehinet.net.mv,
     pbarriga@javercol.javeriana.edu.co, AMORIM@mfca.uem.mz,
     raronson@jaguar1.usouthal.edu, oneocean@OceanNEnvironment.com.au,
     abaker@rsmas.miami.edu, david.bellwood@jcu.edu.au, bbest@usaid.gov,
     p.blanchon@ualberta.ca, eburkett@staff.uwsuper.edu, pbush@candw.ky,
     furman@mail.biu.ac.il, jcortes@cariari.ucr.ac.cr, mbs@mangga.usc.edu.ph,
     gdjd@cathar.tesag.jcu.edu.au, delbeek@hawaii.edu, cim@comuh.uh.cu,
     vangulo@is2.dal.ca, sd008c@uhura.cc.rochester.edu, adunstan@ozemai.com.au,
     Michael.Eisinger@uni-essen.de, d.fenner@aims.gov.au,
     fichez@noumea.orstom.nc, info@wcmc.org.uk, iclarm@cgiar.org,
     lauretta@wri.org, smiller@gate.net, gillispi@vxe.ocis.uncwil.edu,
     c.wilkinson@aims.gov.au, Frankb@wri.org, Maryh@wri.org, Lauralee@wri.org,
     Kathyd@wri.org, info@aqua.ucsd.edu, CORALmail@aol.com,
     o'brien.denise.dm@bhp.com.au
Subject: Re:coral
To whom it may concern:
     I am a thirteen-year-old eighth grade student at Green Brook Middle
School in New Jersey.  I am in a special class called ROGATE, in which I am
researching coral reefs.  I obtained your name from an online coral
researchers directory.
     My hypothesis is: The number of coral reefs in the world has decreased
dramatically due to coral bleaching and increasing population.  Do you agree
with this statement?  Please send me your opinion, any information,
photographs, or brochures that you have to support your findings by February
20th.  I would appreciate it if you would write to me at the following address
or e-mail me at LAS00013@AOL.com.  Thank you very much!
Sincerely,
Laura Snowden
Laura Snowden
6 Green Valley Dr.
Green Brook, NJ 08812
USA
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Feb 12 14:00:16 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA03877; Fri, 12 Feb 1999 14:00:13 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA14604; Fri, 12 Feb 1999 14:03:07 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma014586; Fri, 12 Feb 99 14:02:12 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA59794; Fri, 12 Feb 1999 18:08:09 GMT
Received: from hotmail.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA59728; Fri, 12 Feb 1999 13:08:03 -0500 (EST)
Received: (qmail 2798 invoked by uid 0); 12 Feb 1999 18:06:22 -0000
Message-ID: <19990212180622.2797.qmail@hotmail.com>
Received: from 193.174.89.193 by www.hotmail.com with HTTP;
	Fri, 12 Feb 1999 10:06:22 PST
X-Originating-IP: [193.174.89.193]
From: "christiane hueerkamp" <chrhueerkamp@hotmail.com>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: dry weight of coral
Date: Fri, 12 Feb 1999 10:06:22 PST
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-type: text/plain
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 63
Dear listers,
does anybodey have the information of how much dry weight of tissue per
area an "average" scleractinian coral has (without skeleton)?
Thanks, Christiane Huerkamp
______________________________________________________
Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Feb 16 21:50:25 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id VAA19195; Tue, 16 Feb 1999 21:50:22 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA08857; Tue, 16 Feb 1999 21:52:58 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma008846; Tue, 16 Feb 99 21:52:13 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id BAA86472; Wed, 17 Feb 1999 01:38:26 GMT
Received: from noaamh1.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id UAA86876; Tue, 16 Feb 1999 20:38:21 -0500 (EST)
Received: from mailhubmh1-gw.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov (X.400 to RFC822 Gateway); Tue, 16  Feb  1999 20:36:36 -0500
X400-Received: by mta MTANOAAMH1 in /c=us/admd=attmail/prmd=GOV+NOAA/; Relayed;
  16 Feb 1999 20:36:04 -0500
X400-Received: by /c=us/admd=attmail/prmd=GOV+NOAA/; Relayed;
  16 Feb 1999 20:36:04 -0500
X400-MTS-Identifier: [/c=us/admd=attmail/prmd=GOV+NOAA/; 01BC836CA1D0403C-MTANOAAMH1]
Content-Identifier: 01BC836CA1D0403C
Content-Return: Allowed
X400-Content-Type: P2-1988 ( 22 )
Conversion: Allowed
Original-Encoded-Information-Types: IA5-Text
Priority: normal
Disclose-Recipients: Prohibited
Alternate-Recipient: Allowed
X400-Originator: Tom.Hourigan@noaa.gov
X400-Recipients: non-disclosure;
Message-Id:
  <01BC836CA1D0403C*/c=US/admd=ATTMAIL/prmd=GOV+NOAA/o=CCNMFS/s=Hourigan/g=Tom/@MHS>
Date: 16 Feb 1999 20:36:04 -0500
From: Tom Hourigan <Tom.Hourigan@noaa.gov>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Acropora spp. - Candidates for Endangered Species List
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 64
Dear Coral List,
In the U.S. Federal Register Notice January 15, 1999 (Volume 64, Number 10), the
National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) requested information on marine
Candidate Species for listing under the U.S. Endangered Species Act.  This
notice is not a proposal for listing; candidate species do not receive
substantive or procedural protection under the Endangered Species Act. The goal
of the candidate species program is to identify species as candidates for
possible addition to the List of Endangered and Threatened Species and encourage
voluntary efforts to help prevent listings. The full text of the Federal
Register notice can be found on the web at: http://www.access.gpo.gov/
ACROPORA SPECIES AS CANDIDATES FOR THREATENED OR ENDANGERED SPECIES:
In this Notice, NMFS has proposed to add two coral species, elkhorn coral
(Acropora palmata) and staghorn coral (Acropora cervicornis)  as candidates for
possible addition to the List of Endangered and Threatened Species under the
Endangered Species Act (FR Doc. 99-1011, 1-15-99).  These two species were among
the dominant corals in shallow-water Caribbean reef communities.  During the
last two decades, it appears that populations of A. cervicornis and A. palmata
have been greatly reduced throughout their range as a result of hurricane
damage, coral diseases, increased predation, hypothermia, boat groundings,
sedimentation, and other factors.  Losses are well documented at several sites
in U.S. waters, where populations declined during the 1980s by up to 96%. To
date, acroporid corals have not recovered to their former abundance, and
remaining populations may continue be deteriorate from natural and anthropogenic
factors.  The observed low rates of larval recruitment may hinder recovery of
these species, given continuing losses from coral diseases, predators, storms
and human impacts.
To be listed under the Endangered Species Act, invertebrates must be shown to be
threatened  throughout the range of the species (in contrast to vertebrates,
which can be listed based on specific populations or the status in U.S.
jurisdiction).
NMFS would appreciate any information on these species that would support or
argue against inclusion on the candidate species list.  Such information could
include historic and current population sizes and distribution, assessments of
threats, and existing and future protective measures that may assist to recover
these species before listing under the ESA becomes necessary.
OTHER CORAL SPECIES
We have also examined several other western Atlantic coral species that might
merit inclusion as Candidate species.  They were not included in the Federal
Register Notice since the information available was incomplete.  They include:
Acropora prolifera
Dendrogyra cylindricus - pillar coral
Dichocoenia stokessi
Oculina varicosa
Other species, such as the Porites porites complex, P. astreoides, the
Montastraea annularis complex, M. cavernosa, Diploria strigosa, D. clivosa, and
D. labyrinthiformis appear to have undergone some declines at certain sites, but
do not appear as threatened as the Acropora spp, at this time.
We welcome any discussion and comments members of the coral list may have on the
inclusion of these or other coral species on the candidate species list.  Formal
comments shold be sent to the Chief of the Endangered Species Division in NMFS'
Office of Protected Resources at the address listed below.
Thanks for your help!
Tom Hourigan
^~^~^~^~^~^~^~^~^~^~^~^~^~^~^~^~^~^~^~^~^~^~^~^~^~^~^~^~^~^~^~^~^
Thomas F. Hourigan, Ph.D.                         Tel: (301) 713-2319
Marine Biodiversity Coordinator                   Fax: (301) 713-0376
Office of Protected Resources, NOAA/F/PR
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Marine Fisheries Service
1315 East-West Highway
Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
                        E-mail: Tom.Hourigan@noaa.gov
                               http://www.nmfs.gov/prot_res.html
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Feb 18 01:28:20 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id BAA08273; Thu, 18 Feb 1999 01:28:18 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id BAA15360; Thu, 18 Feb 1999 01:31:21 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma015353; Thu, 18 Feb 99 01:30:39 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id DAA03952; Thu, 18 Feb 1999 03:30:15 GMT
Received: from uog9.uog.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <Coral-List@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id WAA03942; Wed, 17 Feb 1999 22:30:08 -0500 (EST)
Received: from localhost by uog9.uog.edu (5.65v3.2/1.1.10.5/25Apr97-0522PM)
	id AA02238; Thu, 18 Feb 1999 13:49:39 +1000
Date: Thu, 18 Feb 1999 13:49:39 +1000 (GMT+1000)
From: "Robert G. Rowan" <rrowan@uog9.uog.edu>
To: Coral-List@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Postdoctoral Postion
Message-Id: <Pine.OSF.3.96.990218133701.1019B-100000@uog9.uog.edu>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 65
Postdoctoral position available to study zooxanthella symbioses at the
University of Guam Marine Laboratory, immediately.  The research  involves
field work, experiments in the field and in aquaria, and laboratory work
in the areas of physiology and molecular biology, mostly with corals.
Examples of current research interests appear in Nature 388:265-269 (1997)
and in The Plant Cell 8:539-553 (1996); see also J. Phycology 34:407-417
(1998).  I'm looking for a person who would like to participate in these
kinds of research.  The work will require laboratory skills (e.g., cell
biology, physiology, biochemistry, or molecular biology; not necessarily
from studies on corals), good field skills (diving), and an ability to
work independently.  Excellent (for a tropical marine laboratory)
facilities are available.  If interested, please send me a c.v., a BRIEF
description of your research experience and professional goals, and
contact information for at least three personal references.  Preferably,
send these by email.
Rob Rowan
UOG Marine Laboratory
Mangilao, Guam 96923 USA
Fax:  671 734 6767
Email:  (rrowan@uog9.uog.edu)
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Feb 18 13:19:06 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA20854; Thu, 18 Feb 1999 13:18:58 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA21072; Thu, 18 Feb 1999 13:21:59 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma021009; Thu, 18 Feb 99 13:21:01 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA07057; Thu, 18 Feb 1999 17:14:23 GMT
Received: from hulkhovis.rdc.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA07482; Thu, 18 Feb 1999 12:14:16 -0500 (EST)
Received: from ogp.noaa.gov (quickmail.ogp.noaa.gov [140.90.171.10])
	by hulkhovis.rdc.noaa.gov (8.9.1a/8.9.1) with SMTP id MAA17849
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 18 Feb 1999 12:00:40 -0500 (EST)
Message-ID: <n1292782596.86326@ogp.noaa.gov>
Date: 18 Feb 1999 12:10:44 U
From: "Mark Eakin" <eakin@ogp.noaa.gov>
Subject: NOAA Diving Manuals
To: "Recipients of coral-list" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
X-Mailer: Mail*Link SMTP-QM 4.1.0
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII"; Name="Message Body"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id NAA20854
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 66
                           Subject:                         Time:   11:53
                           NOAA Diving Manuals              Date:   2/18/99
I have gained possession of several copies of the current (1991) version of
the NOAA Diving Manual "Diving for Science and Technology".  I understand
that a new one is being developed.  In the meantime, these are available,
free, to a good home.
I would provide these to institutions that do not have or have access to the
manual currently.  If you would like one, please e-mail me.  If I get more
requests exceed supply, I will use some non-arbitrary method based on need to
choose recipients.
Cheers,
Mark
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Feb 19 14:42:00 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA13042; Fri, 19 Feb 1999 14:41:50 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA08592; Fri, 19 Feb 1999 14:44:35 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma008577; Fri, 19 Feb 99 14:44:13 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA14845; Fri, 19 Feb 1999 18:35:20 GMT
Message-Id: <199902191835.SAA14845@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: "doccm" <doccm@prisma-presse.com>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: pictures of bleached coral
Date: Fri, 19 Feb 1999 16:48:46 +0100
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 67
We are a french magazine and we would like to publish an article about
coral bleaching. So we are looking for pictures representing a coral reef
before and after bleaching (it has to  be the picture of a same reef). You
can reach me in Paris (France) at the following numbers :
tel : 1 44 90 69 88
fax: 1 44 90 68 34
Many thanks in advance for your help
Isabelle Bouillot, magazine "Ca m'int=E9resse"
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Feb 19 14:42:38 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA13150; Fri, 19 Feb 1999 14:42:34 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA08684; Fri, 19 Feb 1999 14:45:37 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma008655; Fri, 19 Feb 99 14:45:20 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA14855; Fri, 19 Feb 1999 18:38:11 GMT
Message-Id: <199902191838.SAA14855@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Fri, 12 Feb 1999 07:48:18 -0600
From: Belize Marine TREC <bztrec@btl.net>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Belize Course
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 68
                           Belize Marine TREC
                  Tropical Research & Education Center
Announcing:
Professors' Preview  May 30 to June 5, 1999    $300
If you conduct field classes in the caribbean visit our facility and see
what we have to offer.  Cost is only $300 and includes room, board and
full program.  The only required extras are international airfare and
departure tax ($15 US).  Group size is limited to 20 participants.  We
generally have a very stimulating group of professors.
Intern positions available: next opening June 1 to August 15.  Reply for
an application to this e-mail address, Subject: intern.
Researchers:  We are interested in establishing relationships with
researchers who wish to conduct their work in this area of the caribbean.
We could help facilitate your work without the usual bureaucratic hassles.
Coral Reef Ecology Courses:  Student Programs run year round.  Minimum
groups size is 10 students.  Our staff and resources assist professors in
conducting tropical field courses.  We offer classrooms, labs, 50ft
research vessels, aquariums and a professional staff.  The programs can be
adjusted to fit the needs of the instructor.  Mayan ruin and jungle
excursions can easily be added to mainly marine curricula.
For more information contact:
Dr. Kenneth C. Mattes, Director
bztrec@btl.net
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Feb 20 13:17:41 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA21545; Sat, 20 Feb 1999 13:17:39 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA12066; Sat, 20 Feb 1999 13:20:18 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma012058; Sat, 20 Feb 99 13:20:07 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA20795; Sat, 20 Feb 1999 17:46:34 GMT
Received: from MAINE.maine.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA20806; Sat, 20 Feb 1999 12:46:29 -0500 (EST)
Message-Id: <199902201746.MAA20806@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from [130.111.160.194] [130.111.160.194] by MAINE.maine.edu (IBM VM SMTP Level 310) via TCP with SMTP ; Sat, 20 Feb 1999 12:43:11 EST
Subject: Re: Acropora spp. - Candidates for Endangered Species List
Date: Sat, 20 Feb 99 12:46:36 -0500
x-mailer: Claris Emailer 1.1
From: Bob Steneck <Steneck@maine.maine.edu>
To: "Tom Hourigan" <Tom.Hourigan@noaa.gov>,
        "Coral List" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 69
Dear Tom,
  It seems to me that the Acropora decline throughout the Caribbean may
qualify that genus and all of its species to endangered status.  I have
seen some recent declines in Porites and to a lesser extent Dichocoenia
but some of the other species you have listed I do not think qualify.
Most notably is Dendrogyra cylindricus.  While I know of no region or
reef in the Caribbean where it has ever been abundant, it is remarkably
common.  Most reefs have a little of that species and most areas I've
worked throughout the Bahamas, eastern and western Caribbean seem to have
healthy colonies.  I suspect you do not want a list of corals that happen
to have always had low abundance.
  It will be relatively easy to query the Atlantic and Gulf Reefs Rapid
Assessment data sets to see if higher than average mortality rates are
showing up for the species you list below (see:
http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/agra/agra1.html).  In April many of us will be
assembling in Fort Lauderdale to present data on the condition of
Caribbean reefs, perhaps you could get a consensus of opinions at that
time (see: http://www.nova.edu/ocean/ncri/cfp_1.html).
  Good luck in your efforts.
  Bob Steneck
>We have also examined several other western Atlantic coral species that might
>merit inclusion as Candidate species.  They were not included in the Federal
>Register Notice since the information available was incomplete.  They
>include:
>
>Acropora prolifera
>Dendrogyra cylindricus - pillar coral
>Dichocoenia stokessi
>Oculina varicosa
>
>Other species, such as the Porites porites complex, P. astreoides, the
>Montastraea annularis complex, M. cavernosa, Diploria strigosa, D.
>clivosa, and
>D. labyrinthiformis appear to have undergone some declines at certain
>sites, but
>do not appear as threatened as the Acropora spp, at this time.
----------------------------
Robert S. Steneck, Ph.D.
Professor, School of Marine Sciences
University of Maine
Darling Marine Center
Walpole, ME 04573
207 - 563 - 3146 ext. 233
e-mail: Steneck@Maine.EDU
The School of Marine Sciences Web site:
http://www.ume.maine.edu/~marine/marine.html
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Feb 22 01:51:24 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id BAA29931; Mon, 22 Feb 1999 01:51:20 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id BAA11708; Mon, 22 Feb 1999 01:53:58 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma011700; Mon, 22 Feb 99 01:53:41 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id FAA29617; Mon, 22 Feb 1999 05:13:29 GMT
Received: from taicom.marine.su by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id AAA29591; Mon, 22 Feb 1999 00:13:17 -0500 (EST)
Received: from ltpv.online.marine.su by taicom.marine.su (8.6.9/TAICHU002)
	id PAA29074; Mon, 22 Feb 1999 15:11:29 +1000
Reply-To: "Latypov" <ltpv@online.marine.su>
From: "Latypov" <ltpv@online.marine.su>
To: "coral-list" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: message
Date: Mon, 22 Feb 1999 15:09:32 +1000
Message-ID: <01be5e21$885bc580$0f02000a@ltpv.online.marine.su>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_000D_01BE5E75.5A07D580"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.71.1712.3
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.71.1712.3
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 70
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_000D_01BE5E75.5A07D580
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-3"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
In Institute of Marine Biology (Vladivostok, Russia) Yuri Latypov has =
finished the description more than 300 species of Scleractinian of =
Vietnam. Five parts of the monography Scleractinian Corals of Vietnam =
(in Russian) in which are published many problem questions of =
morphology, terminology and taxonomy of these corals are surveyed. Is =
resulted annotated the list of all species, found in Vietnam.
The book The principles and methods of the CNIDARIAN classification. =
(Vladivoistok, Dalnauka, 1998, 244 p.) there is published. The book =
accounts the main results of more than 20 years of investigations in =
systematics and taxonomy of the CNIDARIA, which are difficult for =
taxonomy. The modern ideas abouth the criteria for taxon definition of =
the fossil and recent corals, actinia, hydroids are shown. Using =
numerous examples the significance of the various features, definition =
of the limits of their variability, methods of the resolving of the =
inevitable problems, which take place in the identification and =
classification of Cnidarian, are shown.=20
my e-mail: ltpv@online.marine.su
------=_NextPart_000_000D_01BE5E75.5A07D580
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-3"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-3" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D'"MSHTML 4.71.2110.0"' name=3DGENERATOR>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT face=3D"Times New Roman" size=3D4>
<P>In Institute of Marine Biology (Vladivostok, Russia) Yuri Latypov has =
finished the description more than 300 species of Scleractinian of =
Vietnam. Five=20
parts of the monography Scleractinian Corals of Vietnam (in Russian) in =
which=20
are published many problem questions of morphology, terminology and =
taxonomy of=20
these corals are surveyed. Is resulted annotated the list of all =
species, found=20
in Vietnam.</P>
<P>The book The principles and methods of the CNIDARIAN classification.=20
(Vladivoistok, Dalnauka, 1998, 244 p.) there is published. The book =
accounts the=20
main results of more than 20 years of investigations in systematics and =
taxonomy=20
of the CNIDARIA, which are difficult for taxonomy. The modern ideas =
abouth the=20
criteria for taxon definition of the fossil and recent corals, actinia, =
hydroids=20
are shown. Using numerous examples the significance of the various =
features,=20
definition of the limits of their variability, methods of the resolving =
of the=20
inevitable problems, which take place in the identification and =
classification=20
of Cnidarian, are shown. </P>
<P>my e-mail: <A=20
href=3D"mailto:ltpv@online.marine.su">ltpv@online.marine.su</A></P></FONT=
></DIV></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_000_000D_01BE5E75.5A07D580--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Feb 22 11:40:15 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA07042; Mon, 22 Feb 1999 11:40:12 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA05627; Mon, 22 Feb 1999 11:43:01 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma005586; Mon, 22 Feb 99 11:42:51 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA32768; Mon, 22 Feb 1999 15:41:45 GMT
Received: from hulkhovis.rdc.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA32869; Mon, 22 Feb 1999 10:41:39 -0500 (EST)
Received: from ogp.noaa.gov (quickmail.ogp.noaa.gov [140.90.171.10])
	by hulkhovis.rdc.noaa.gov (8.9.1a/8.9.1) with SMTP id KAA27093
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 22 Feb 1999 10:29:02 -0500 (EST)
Message-ID: <n1292442493.25354@ogp.noaa.gov>
Date: 22 Feb 1999 10:38:38 U
From: "Mark Eakin" <eakin@ogp.noaa.gov>
Subject: NOAA Diving Manuals (2)
To: "Recipients of coral-list" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
X-Mailer: Mail*Link SMTP-QM 4.1.0
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII"; Name="Message Body"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id LAA07042
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 71
                           Subject:                         Time:   10:31
                           NOAA Diving Manuals (2)          Date:   2/22/99
Well, I knew they would be popular.  I have received over 100 requests for
less than 20 manuals.  I will go through these shortly and send them out.  I
will send e-mails to those that will receive copies.  The priority will be
for copies that can be shared at labs in developing countries that would have
the greatest difficulty accessing it otherwise.  I have plenty of requests
from labs that fir that category.
I will keep the remaining requests in case I get a hold of more copies.
Cheers,
Mark
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Feb 22 12:04:41 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA07653; Mon, 22 Feb 1999 12:04:37 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA08635; Mon, 22 Feb 1999 12:07:15 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma008613; Mon, 22 Feb 99 12:06:51 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA33002; Mon, 22 Feb 1999 16:12:48 GMT
Received: from mail.rivnet.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA33079; Mon, 22 Feb 1999 11:12:41 -0500 (EST)
Received: from [205.130.32.206] (unverified [205.130.32.206]) by mail.rivnet.net
 (EMWAC SMTPRS 0.83) with SMTP id <B0000676299@mail.rivnet.net>;
 Mon, 22 Feb 1999 11:10:30 -0500
Message-ID: <B0000676299@mail.rivnet.net>
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express for Macintosh - 4.01 (297)
Date: Mon, 22 Feb 1999 11:13:39 -0500
Subject:  Candidates for Endangered Species List
From: "Judith Lang & Lynton Land" <JandL@rivnet.net>
To: "Coral-List" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Mime-version: 1.0
X-Priority: 3
Content-type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII"
Content-transfer-encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 72
Re: the message from CORALations:
In fact an ecosystem approach to species conservation has been our
theoretical underpinning since about 20 years ago when the Gulf of Mexico
and South Atlantic Fishery Management Councils collaborated on a Fishery
Management Plan for Coral and Coral Reefs. The "management unit" here was
defined as being composed of about 400 species of fire corals, soft corals,
gorgonians, black corals and stony corals. At the time, declaring that its
maximum sustainable yield was "incalculable", and that its principal value
was in "nonconsumptive uses" certainly was an unusual approach to fishery
management!
By and large "management for conservation" is working at what is now the
Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary (where, incidentally, all
types of fishing except with hook-and-lines has also been prohibited since
1992). Stony corals have shown no significant changes in cover, species
diversity, species evenness or growth rates since the early 1970's, despite
their location near active petroleum platforms in the Northwestern Gulf of
Mexico [see review of SR Gittings, TJ Bright and DK Hagman, 1994, pp.
181-187 in RN Ginsburg, (compiler), Proc. Colloquium on Global Aspects of
Coral Reefs: Health, Hazards and History].
Sadly, the subsequent history of many reefs in the Florida Keys, where both
natural and anthropogenic stresses are considerably greater than 200 km
offshore Texas, has been less fortunate. Hence, it seems to me that we
should continue to CREATIVELY invoke all available legal options --including
the endangered species act, with its provisions for habitat
acquisition/protection/restoration --as surely, in the long run, that will
only help conserve coral reefs and associated ecosystems.
Judy Lang
>From: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
>To: "Coral-List" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
>Subject: Re: Acropora spp. - Candidates for Endangered Species List
>Date: Mon, Feb 22, 1999, 8:58 AM
>
>Based on what we know about the interconnectedness of species in such an
>ecosystem, how can we still be selecting individual species for protection
>and ignoring others...For example..saying Acropora would qualify as
>endangered due to declines throughout the Caribbean does not provide
>sollutions for impacts to other species of coral that result from this
>decline. Could reef scientists  possibly make rational arguments for
>considering the entire ecosystem as endangered ...including commercially
>valuable fish and shellfish which play a role in nutrient distribution and
>recycling etc.?
>It seems that the way these systems have evolved is more complicated than
>mere % distributions of individual species and if we are going to spend
>time and energy trying to protect them could we possibly shoot for a
>legislative solution which effectively recognizes this?
>I have concerns about scientists becoming too conservative in the manner in
>which they convey impacts to the reef in an effort to propell small, less
>constroversial solutions to society when these solutions may simply not be
>effective. Look how we've bungled and continue to bungle marine fishery
>legislation in order to propell small paletable bits of legislation often
>too little, too late...rarely complied to or enforced.
>
>"The problems we have today, will not be solved by thinking the way we
>thought when we created them"....  Albert Einstein
>----------
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Feb 22 22:37:39 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id WAA17356; Mon, 22 Feb 1999 22:37:37 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA20344; Mon, 22 Feb 1999 22:40:16 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma020324; Mon, 22 Feb 99 22:39:54 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id CAA35899; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 02:31:46 GMT
Received: from uxmail.ust.hk by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id VAA35928; Mon, 22 Feb 1999 21:31:37 -0500 (EST)
Received: from rcz057.ust.hk ([143.89.113.237]:1047 "EHLO ust.hk" ident: "NO-IDENT-SERVICE") by uxmail.ust.hk with ESMTP id <626616-27652>; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 10:28:13 +0800
Message-ID: <36D2127E.B0726A6B@ust.hk>
Date: 	Tue, 23 Feb 1999 10:29:18 +0800
From: Reef Check <reefchck@ust.hk>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.04 [en] (Win95; I)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: reefchck@ust.hk
Subject: Reef Check Update
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 73
 Reef Check Update February 19, 1999
Happy Year of the Rabbit!!
IMPORTANT INFORMATION FOR COORDINATORS INCLUDED HERE
Reef Check 1999 is well underway, with surveys already completed in
various locations around the world. In several areas, Reef Check has now
become an integrated part of multi-level, long-term monitoring programs.
There are about 140 countries/territories where we hope to establish
Reef Check operations. We are expecting major growth in 1999. The new
leadership of the International Coral Reef Initiative (ICRI) under the
direction of Bernard Salvat, has done a tremendous job of coordinating
efforts to systematically round up funding for GCRMN/Reef Check. The
next ICRI planning meeting will be held in Paris in March. As more
funding becomes available, we will be looking to support more groups. We
now have a new website address - please update your bookmarks. Detailed
news is given below.
New Website address.
We have purchased the rights to the website:  HYPERLINK
http://www.ReefCheck.org http://www.ReefCheck.org This site name was
activated on February 14, 1999 so please update your bookmarks. The old
site name is still active, however, it will be phased out. We are
continually working to improve the website and a few minor changes are
still underway. Suggestions are always welcome.
Website revision: The content of the website has been under revision
since January. Most changes are clarifications. A significant change
will
be the addition of instructions on how to use Reef Check for long-term
monitoring. Another change is that Reef Check has now become a
continuous activity - however, there will be a cut-off date for
submission of results for 1999 to be included in our annual Summary
Report and
Press Conference. The changes will be listed on the "What's new?" page.
Help with translations: Our website is available in Japanese and German,
thanks to the hard work of Reef Check Coordinators in those countries.
We would like to have other languages available, especially French and
Spanish. If you are willing to help but short on time, a translation of
just
the home page would be a great start. Anyone willing to volunteer to
translate the pages, please contact us <reefchck@ust.hk>
1997 results in press
We are pleased to report that the results of the first global coral reef
survey in 1997 are in press in Marine Pollution Bulletin and should be
out
soon. A big thanks to all who helped collaborate on that pioneering
effort!
GCRMN/Reef Check Collaboration
We are aware that there has been some confusion regarding GCRMN and Reef
Check. Please be aware that GCRMN and Reef Check are
officially linked together, and increasing effort is being placed on
collaboration in our coordinator network, training, and surveys. But for
a
variety of reasons, particularly funding and administration, it is
important they remain separate entities.
Both GCRMN and Reef Check are PROGRAMS with the shared goals of
increasing the awareness of everyone about the value of coral reefs,
threats to their health and solutions. GCRMN is funded through UN
agencies and governments, and is meant to work primarily with
governments through "official" channels. Reef Check, is a university
based operation, and is focused on working with non-governmental
organizations (NGOs). While GCRMN is directly coordinating with
government agencies, Reef Check prefers local NGOs to provide the
linkages
with government agencies as needed.
Some of the confusion stems from terminology with methods. GCRMN is a
broader program than Reef Check, and it is designed to support all
types of monitoring. GCRMN is also more democratic than Reef Check and
is able to support various different methods for different purposes.
Reef Check has only one set of core methods because one goal is to
ensure national, regional and global comparability. It was recognised
early
on by GCRMN that the Reef Check methods were particularly valuable for
two applications:
to get new groups started in the reef monitoring business (scientists,
government staff or NGOs) whether in developed or developing
countries;
to get community-based groups (non-scientists) involved in reef
monitoring (e.g. local recreational divers, tourists, village
fishermen).
Based on this, and the large Reef Check network already in operation, in
1998 the GCRMN STAC officially approved the use of Reef Check
methods as the main GCRMN methods for community-based monitoring. In
this respect, the Reef Check program is performing a service for
GCRMN. Therefore, all future GCRMN training programs aimed at either a)
or b) above, will include Reef Check methods. For groups which
need/desire training in more taxonomically detailed methods, advanced
training supported by GCRMN will be carried out using a subset of
English et al (A Survey Manual for Tropical Marine Resources) and other
methods.
If you are still confused - please feel free to contact either Clive
Wilkinson or Gregor Hodgson for clarification.
4) Special Monitoring Session, Meeting, Training: NCRI Symposium April
14-16, 1999
Special Session: A special monitoring session including presentations by
GCRMN and Reef Check coordinators will take place at the coral reef
symposium held at the new National Coral Reef Institute in Ft.
Lauderdale April 14-16, 1999. The slots are now all filled, but we
encourage all
those interested in monitoring to attend this half-day session.
Meeting: GCRMN/Reef Check status meeting is tentatively scheduled for
after the regular presentations on Wednesday night 14 April. Mark
your calendars.
Reef Check Training: Ben Haskell, Bill Tyler and Alex Stone are
organizing a one day post-symposium training session on Saturday 17
April.
More details in next update.
Indonesia: Coremap and Bali 2000
Coremap, a very large coral reef management project has started in
Indonesia. We are very pleased that Coremap has adopted Reef Check as
one of its training methods for community-based monitoring.
The next International Coral Reef Symposium will be held in Bali, in
October 2000. As part of this event, we will be holding an
Indonesia-wide
Reef Check prior to the symposium. All of you are invited to participate
in this event, which should prove to be a lot of fun and very
informative. The results of the survey will be presented at the
symposium.
Philippines: US AID Coastal Resources Management Project
Several large monitoring and management programs have recognized the
usefulness of Reef Check and have adopted it. One of these projects is
the US AID Coastal Resources Management Project, based in Cebu, but
carried out nationally. One of the goals of this project is to develop a
national monitoring protocol. Andre Jon Uychiaoco has taken on this
task. We are grateful to Alan White, Michael Ross and Katherine
Courtney for choosing Reef Check to be part of their monitoring program.
Training
A UNEP/Japan sponsored monitoring training will be held in mid-March at
the Nha Trang Institute of Oceanography. Vo Si Tuan will lead the
training for scientists from Myanmar, Cambodia, China and Vietnam. The
training will start with Reef Check and continue on to high resolution
GCRMN methods. AIMS scientists will also be part of the training team.
Funding
Philosophy: Reef Check is fundamentally based on volunteers, however,
there will always be a need for funds to pay for activities, and
sponsorship is required initially to get the ball rolling. Over the long
term, we hope that a combination of private and government co-financing
as well as self-financing mechanisms will pay for Reef Check activities.
(We are looking for an MBA student to look carry out research on
long-term financing options.) We are actively soliciting financial
support on a regional and global scale. If you would like to work with
us to
develop proposals in your area, please let us know.
Grants received: Grants totalling more than US$100,000 have recently
been received from CORAL and MacArthur Foundation. We are grateful
for this support.
ICRAN: ICLARM's John McManus has recently had the initial funding
approved for ICRAN, a precursor of a large coral reef monitoring and
management package that includes GCRMN/Reef Check. We thank John for
doing the hard work to get this off the ground.
World Bank: GCRMN/Reef Check are working with World Bank on a number of
proposals for national, regional and global programs.
8) Pacific Islands
SPREP: The South Pacific Regional Environmental Program has been
extremely helpful in offering to collaborate with training and
implementation of monitoring work in the Pacific Islands. SPREP has been
carrying out a series of training programs over the past several years.
We look forward to working with SPREP and sharing the work and
coordinators. Thanks to James Aston for his knowledgeable assistance.
PNG: Norman Quinn has volunteered for the PNG coordinator position and
will be leading training programs at UPNG and in New Britain.
--
Keith Kei
Assistant Coordinator
Institute for Environment and Sustainable Development
Applied Technology Centre
Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Clearwater Bay Kowloon  HONG KONG
Tel: (852) 2358-6907
Fax: (852) 2358-1334
e-mail: reefchck@ust.hk
web site: http://www.ust.hk/~webrc/ReefCheck/reef.html
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Feb 22 10:25:22 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA05413; Mon, 22 Feb 1999 10:25:21 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA28490; Mon, 22 Feb 1999 10:27:59 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028422; Mon, 22 Feb 99 10:27:15 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA31984; Mon, 22 Feb 1999 14:02:57 GMT
Received: from mail.caribe.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id JAA29614; Mon, 22 Feb 1999 09:02:51 -0500 (EST)
Received: from default (ppp170.197dip.netdial.caribe.net [209.91.197.170])
	by mail.caribe.net (8.9.0/8.9.0) with ESMTP id KAA02731
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 22 Feb 1999 10:03:48 -0400 (AST)
Message-Id: <199902221403.KAA02731@mail.caribe.net>
From: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
To: "Coral-List" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Re: Acropora spp. - Candidates for Endangered Species List
Date: Mon, 22 Feb 1999 09:58:48 -0400
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Priority: 3
X-Mailer: Microsoft Internet Mail 4.70.1155
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 74
Based on what we know about the interconnectedness of species in such an
ecosystem, how can we still be selecting individual species for protection
and ignoring others...For example..saying Acropora would qualify as
endangered due to declines throughout the Caribbean does not provide
sollutions for impacts to other species of coral that result from this
decline. Could reef scientists  possibly make rational arguments for
considering the entire ecosystem as endangered ...including commercially
valuable fish and shellfish which play a role in nutrient distribution and
recycling etc.?
It seems that the way these systems have evolved is more complicated than
mere % distributions of individual species and if we are going to spend
time and energy trying to protect them could we possibly shoot for a
legislative solution which effectively recognizes this?
I have concerns about scientists becoming too conservative in the manner in
which they convey impacts to the reef in an effort to propell small, less
constroversial solutions to society when these solutions may simply not be
effective. Look how we've bungled and continue to bungle marine fishery
legislation in order to propell small paletable bits of legislation often
too little, too late...rarely complied to or enforced.
"The problems we have today, will not be solved by thinking the way we
thought when we created them"....  Albert Einstein
----------
> From: Bob Steneck <Steneck@maine.maine.edu>
> To: Tom Hourigan <Tom.Hourigan@noaa.gov>; Coral List
<coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
> Subject: Re: Acropora spp. - Candidates for Endangered Species List
> Date: Saturday, February 20, 1999 1:46 PM
>
> Dear Tom,
>
>   It seems to me that the Acropora decline throughout the Caribbean may
> qualify that genus and all of its species to endangered status.  I have
> seen some recent declines in Porites and to a lesser extent Dichocoenia
> but some of the other species you have listed I do not think qualify.
> Most notably is Dendrogyra cylindricus.  While I know of no region or
> reef in the Caribbean where it has ever been abundant, it is remarkably
> common.  Most reefs have a little of that species and most areas I've
> worked throughout the Bahamas, eastern and western Caribbean seem to have
> healthy colonies.  I suspect you do not want a list of corals that happen
> to have always had low abundance.
>
>   It will be relatively easy to query the Atlantic and Gulf Reefs Rapid
> Assessment data sets to see if higher than average mortality rates are
> showing up for the species you list below (see:
> http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/agra/agra1.html).  In April many of us will be
> assembling in Fort Lauderdale to present data on the condition of
> Caribbean reefs, perhaps you could get a consensus of opinions at that
> time (see: http://www.nova.edu/ocean/ncri/cfp_1.html).
>
>   Good luck in your efforts.
>
>   Bob Steneck
>
>
> >We have also examined several other western Atlantic coral species that
might
> >merit inclusion as Candidate species.  They were not included in the
Federal
> >Register Notice since the information available was incomplete.  They
> >include:
> >
> >Acropora prolifera
> >Dendrogyra cylindricus - pillar coral
> >Dichocoenia stokessi
> >Oculina varicosa
> >
> >Other species, such as the Porites porites complex, P. astreoides, the
> >Montastraea annularis complex, M. cavernosa, Diploria strigosa, D.
> >clivosa, and
> >D. labyrinthiformis appear to have undergone some declines at certain
> >sites, but
> >do not appear as threatened as the Acropora spp, at this time.
>
>
> ----------------------------
> Robert S. Steneck, Ph.D.
> Professor, School of Marine Sciences
> University of Maine
> Darling Marine Center
> Walpole, ME 04573
> 207 - 563 - 3146 ext. 233
> e-mail: Steneck@Maine.EDU
>
> The School of Marine Sciences Web site:
> http://www.ume.maine.edu/~marine/marine.html
>
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Feb 23 09:05:51 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA22012; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 09:05:48 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA07934; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 09:08:53 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma007851; Tue, 23 Feb 99 09:08:00 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA37588; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 13:00:49 GMT
Received: from relay.kacst.edu.sa by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id IAA37490; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 08:00:35 -0500 (EST)
Received: from ns1.kfupm.edu.sa (ns1.kfupm.edu.sa [198.77.102.26])
	by relay.kacst.edu.sa (8.9.1/8.9.1) with ESMTP id PAA03266
	for <coral-list@reef.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 15:46:15 -0300 (GMT)
Received: from dpc111.dpc.kfupm.edu.sa (dpc111.dpc.kfupm.edu.sa [196.15.32.11])
	by ns1.kfupm.edu.sa (8.9.0/8.9.0) with ESMTP id OAA176498
	for <coral-list@reef.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 14:48:24 +0300
Received: from dpc107.dpc.kfupm.edu.sa (dpc107.dpc.kfupm.edu.sa [196.15.32.8]) by dpc111.dpc.kfupm.edu.sa (8.7.5/8.7.3) with ESMTP id PAA12384 for <coral-list@reef.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 15:05:02 +0300
Received: from yusef ([196.15.34.83])
	by dpc107.dpc.kfupm.edu.sa (8.9.2/8.9.2) with ESMTP id PAA57374
	for <coral-list@reef.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 15:09:31 +0300
Message-ID: <36D2988A.1913CB8B@kfupm.edu.sa>
Date: Tue, 23 Feb 1999 15:01:14 +0300
From: Yusef Fadlalla <yfadlal@kfupm.edu.sa>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.01 [en] (WinNT; I)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Coral-List <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Red Sea-Reef Status
X-Priority: 3 (Normal)
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id NAA37588
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id JAA22012
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 75
A one page report on the status of coral reef surveys on the Red Sea
coast of Saudi Arabia is posted at:
               http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/bulls/red-sea.html.
Fringing coastal and offshore reefs in Rabigh (22N, central Red Sea)
were devastated by recent bleaching and subsequent mortality of soft
and hard corals during the summer and fall of 1998.
In the south, at Jizan (16N) where nearshore coastal areas are
dominated by mudflats and mangroves, intensive trawling and
fishing activities in recent years, apparently have resutled in
catastrophic destruction of offshore reef corals.
Yusef Fadlallah
Center for Environment and Water
KFUPM
Dhahran, 31261
Saudi Arabia
Offshore reefs in the south were apparently destroyed by intensive
trawling activities in recent years. The nearshore coastline in the south
is dominated by mudflats and mangroves.
Surveys in both locations covered 50-75 km of latitude distance.
Yusef Fadlallah
Center for Environment and Water
Research Institute - King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals
Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Feb 23 10:58:12 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA25157; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 10:58:11 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA18005; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 11:01:19 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma017952; Tue, 23 Feb 99 11:01:05 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA39281; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 14:54:05 GMT
Message-Id: <199902231454.OAA39281@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: 23 Feb 1999 09:20:48 -0500
From: "Dyoulgerov, Milen" <mdyoulgerov@ocean.nos.noaa.gov>
Subject:  request for assistance
To: "coral-list" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 76
Dear Coral List Members,
I am writing to request information on ship groundings and/or ship =
anchorings that have damaged coral reefs anywhere in the world. I am =
requesting this information as justification for a proposal to uniformly =
depict coral reefs, and possibly marine protected areas, on navigational =
charts.
My office, the International Program Office of the National Ocean Service =
of NOAA, is preparing a proposal to the International Hydrographic =
Organization for the adoption of a specification requiring uniform =
mandatory depiction of coral reefs and, possibly marine protected areas. =
In order to build a large support base for the proposal we hope to be =
able to present as many examples as possible from the Caribbean region =
(outside of the US) of coral reef damage due to ship groundings/salvage =
and ship anchoring. Examples from other parts of the world will also be =
most helpful.
The basic data that we need is some or all of the following:
- place/time of the incidents,
- name/size of the ship (if available),
- area/extend of the damage (anecdotal or, even better, environmental and =
economic assessment), and
- remarks on the causes of the incidents.
At the end of this message I am attaching an example of data on ship =
anchoring that we have obtained for the U.S. I will be very grateful for =
whatever elements of similar data that you can forward to me.
Thank you very much for your assistance,
Milen Dyoulgerov
Marine Affairs Specialist
International Program Office
National Ocean Service
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Year	   Vessel	Type		        Anchoring Site		Remarks
1994	   MANA	Panamanian    West FG Bank	Reef or protected area
			Freighter	      nodule terrace	not indicated on chart
--------------------------------------------------------------------------=
------------------------------
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Feb 23 11:28:33 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA25697; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 11:28:29 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA21454; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 11:31:37 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma021396; Tue, 23 Feb 99 11:31:20 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA39166; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 14:48:59 GMT
Message-Id: <199902231448.OAA39166@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Mon, 22 Feb 1999 11:02:24 -0500 (EST)
From: Sean Lyman <sjl3@duke.edu>
To: CORALations <corals@caribe.net>
cc: Coral-List <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Re: Acropora spp. - Candidates for Endangered Species List
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 77
Good morning:
The CORALations folks bring up a good point about classification of the
entire coral reef system as endangered, but I think it's a mistake to so
quickly dismiss listing of a single species.  I do not disagree with
their points, but I do think that listing and protection of a single
species can be useful.
Doing what is necessary to protect a single species (or genus) or coral
is going to have a positive effect on the entire system, something I've
heard referred to as an "umbrella" of protection.  The Endangered Species
Act in the US certainly has problems, but the listing and protection of
charismatic megafauna has often had trickle-down effects on
equally-endangered ecosystems in which they live.
I think that we are a long way from the political power to implement an
endangered communities act, and therefore should not be shy about using
the tools at our disposal.  Declaring Acropora as endangered will
increase awareness about the decline of the coral reef ecosystems, and
steps taken to protect Acropora will most likely benefit at least other
corals and at best the entire system.
Cheers,
Sean
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Sean J. Lyman
Duke University Marine Laboratory          sjl3@duke.edu
135 Duke Marine Lab Road                   sean.lyman@duke.edu
Beaufort, NC  28516  USA
Phone:  (252) 504-7565
Fax:    (252) 504-7648
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Feb 23 12:37:24 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA27413; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 12:37:22 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA28050; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 12:40:30 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028007; Tue, 23 Feb 99 12:39:46 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA39936; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 16:33:51 GMT
Received: from linus.ngs.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA39006; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 11:33:43 -0500 (EST)
Received: from ocean.nos.noaa.gov (ocean.nos.noaa.gov [140.90.168.102])
	by linus.ngs.noaa.gov (8.8.6 (PHNE_17135)/8.8.6) with SMTP id LAA10448;
	Tue, 23 Feb 1999 11:26:13 -0500 (EST)
Message-ID: <n1292352991.48136@ocean.nos.noaa.gov>
Date: 23 Feb 1999 11:32:39 -0500
From: "Causey, B." <bcausey@ocean.nos.noaa.gov>
Subject: RE: Acropora spp. - Candidates for Endangered Species List
To: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>, "Sean Lyman" <sjl3@duke.edu>
Cc: "Coral-List" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
X-Mailer: Mail*Link SMTP for Quarterdeck Mail; Version 4.1.0
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="ISO-8859-1"; Name="Message Body"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id MAA27413
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 78
Some food for thought:
Although I am supportive of listing Acropora spp for all the reasons that have been discussed over the past week or so, I too have some comments.  The only reason I mention this here is that a few of the comments such as the one from Sean raise some good points about a community approach to protection.
Due to the wide range of threats and many issues facing South Florida, EPA and the USFWS have been developing a Multi-species Recovery Plan instead of using the ESA in a species by species approach.  We have in the neighborhood of 82 species of threatened or endangered species and the USFWS has produced a draft plan to comprehensively look at the problems.
I agree that we should move forward with this listing of Acropora spp to heighten the protection, thus the awareness that there is a serious problem throughout the range of this genus in the Atlantic and Caribbean, but realize that a long-range goal of a multi=species approach should be kept in mind.  Cheers, Billy Causey
________________________________________________________
Cc: Coral-List
From: Sean Lyman on Tue, Feb 23, 1999 10:46 AM
Subject: Re: Acropora spp. - Candidates for Endangered Species List
RFC Header:Received: by ocean.nos.noaa.gov with ADMIN;23 Feb 1999 10:46:00 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA39166; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 14:48:59 GMT
Message-Id: <199902231448.OAA39166@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Mon, 22 Feb 1999 11:02:24 -0500 (EST)
From: Sean Lyman <sjl3@duke.edu>
To: CORALations <corals@caribe.net>
cc: Coral-List <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Re: Acropora spp. - Candidates for Endangered Species List
Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Good morning:
The CORALations folks bring up a good point about classification of the
entire coral reef system as endangered, but I think it's a mistake to so
quickly dismiss listing of a single species.  I do not disagree with
their points, but I do think that listing and protection of a single
species can be useful.
Doing what is necessary to protect a single species (or genus) or coral
is going to have a positive effect on the entire system, something I've
heard referred to as an "umbrella" of protection.  The Endangered Species
Act in the US certainly has problems, but the listing and protection of
charismatic megafauna has often had trickle-down effects on
equally-endangered ecosystems in which they live.
I think that we are a long way from the political power to implement an
endangered communities act, and therefore should not be shy about using
the tools at our disposal.  Declaring Acropora as endangered will
increase awareness about the decline of the coral reef ecosystems, and
steps taken to protect Acropora will most likely benefit at least other
corals and at best the entire system.
Cheers,
Sean
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Sean J. Lyman
Duke University Marine Laboratory          sjl3@duke.edu
135 Duke Marine Lab Road                   sean.lyman@duke.edu
Beaufort, NC  28516  USA
Phone:  (252) 504-7565
Fax:    (252) 504-7648
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Feb 23 14:48:41 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA29763; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 14:48:37 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA11590; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 14:51:44 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma011522; Tue, 23 Feb 99 14:51:18 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA40777; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 18:56:15 GMT
Received: from post.mail.demon.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA39661; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 13:56:09 -0500 (EST)
Received: from [158.152.27.181] (helo=coralcay.demon.co.uk)
	by post.mail.demon.net with esmtp (Exim 2.12 #1)
	id 10FMyT-0002Ea-00; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 18:54:29 +0000
Received: from coralcay.demon.co.uk (dhcp3.coralcay.demon.co.uk [192.168.70.33])
	by coralcay.demon.co.uk (8.8.7/8.8.7) with ESMTP id SAA00877;
	Tue, 23 Feb 1999 18:54:28 GMT
Message-ID: <36D2FB7B.A0B9774D@coralcay.demon.co.uk>
Date: Tue, 23 Feb 1999 19:03:25 +0000
From: Coral Cay Conservation <ccc@coralcay.demon.co.uk>
Organization: CCC
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en] (Win95; I)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Coral list <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
CC: Heather Hall <h.hall@ucl.ac.uk>
Subject: Commercial sponges
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Coral Cay Conservation <ccc@coralcay.demon.co.uk>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 79
Dear coral-listers,
Dr Heather Hall (London Zoo) urgently needs a photograph of a
commercially harvested sponge (either Spongia officinalis, Spongis
germanica or Hippospongia lachne) in its natural environment. The
photograph is required for a new educational exhibit at the zoo. Any
photograph would be fully credited.
Please note that anyone who can help should contact Heather directly at
h.hall@ucl.ac.uk.
Thanks,
Alastair Harborne.
--
Coral Cay Conservation. 154 Clapham Park Road, London, SW4 7DE, UK
Tel: +44-(0)171-498-6248  Fax: +44-(0)171-498-8447
WWW: http://www.coralcay.org/
"Providing resources to help sustain livelihoods and alleviate poverty
through the protection, restoration and management of coral reefs and
tropical forests."
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Feb 23 14:57:10 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA00069; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 14:57:08 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA12262; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 14:59:58 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma012252; Tue, 23 Feb 99 14:59:35 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA40912; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 19:01:24 GMT
Received: from mail.caribe.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA40870; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 14:01:07 -0500 (EST)
Received: from default (ppp83.201dip.netdial.caribe.net [209.91.201.83])
	by mail.caribe.net (8.9.0/8.9.0) with ESMTP id PAA25494
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 15:02:06 -0400 (AST)
Message-Id: <199902231902.PAA25494@mail.caribe.net>
From: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
To: "Coral-List" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Fw: Acropora spp. - Candidates for Endangered Species List
Date: Tue, 23 Feb 1999 14:52:01 -0400
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Priority: 3
X-Mailer: Microsoft Internet Mail 4.70.1155
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id TAA40912
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id OAA00069
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 80
Dear Dr. Precht:
I apologize to you and others on the list if what I wrote was not clear...I
did not
mean in any way to imply that we should abandon the endangered
species act or any other legal avenue of protection people have struggled
for years to establish in order to embrace what you described as a
"shot gun" approach to coral reef conservation. Further, when I was
referring to the interconnectedness of species in such an ecosystem I was
not only referring to other coral species, but other reef
associated species of plants and animals.
The point on which I was trying generate a professional discussion stems
from ever increasing frustrations in finding "real time" solutions to coral
reef conservation problems. I posed the question...could another more
holistic approach to reef conservation legislation be argued at this
time.......based on what scientists have documented about the
interdependence or interconnectedness of species within this ecosystem?
Am I correct in interpreting your response to this question as "no"
when you wrote:
"Well, I think the data tend to argue against these systems being
interconnected (i.e. tightly integrated) "
By systems, do you mean species within the system?  If I am interpreting
this correctly, it contradicts what I understand about the co-evolution of
species within ecosystems and the importance of conserving species
biodiversity. This is of concern to me since this is what I attempt to
convey as a "grass roots" educator to the general public about reef
systems. Please clarify if I am misinterpreting your comment...it may well
have been meant only in relation to Acropora and the lack of data
supporting any connection between the decline of other coral species in
relation to Acropora declines.
Any information you, or anyone on the list can send, is always greatly
appreciated.
Thanks to the Langs who wrote:
"In fact an ecosystem approach to species conservation has been our
theoretical underpinning since about 20 years ago when the Gulf of Mexico
and South Atlantic Fishery Management Councils collaborated on a Fishery
Management Plan for Coral and Coral Reefs. The "management unit" here was
defined as being composed of about 400 species of fire corals, soft corals,
gorgonians, black corals and stony corals. At the time, declaring that its
maximum sustainable yield was "incalculable", and that its principal value
was in "nonconsumptive uses" certainly was an unusual approach to fishery
management!"
I had no idea this approach was being taken with any FMP......let alone 20
years ago and plead ignorant!
Dr. Precht also wrote:
"Although I am in agreement with you that both corals and coral reefs need
vigilant protection because they are all at some level of risk, especially
at the hands of man coupled with natural disturbances".
I believe we should, in the face of what may be considered time constraints
on the survival of this ecosystem, carefully scrutinize past conservation
management failures and keep our minds open to innovative and more
aggressive
practices. Please dont think this statement reflects ignorance about
social pressures which govern reef and fish legislation, however,  these
comments come from Puerto Rico where fishermen from the municipal island of
Culebra have been requesting the government establish a Marine Fishery
Reserve since 1980 and although final legislation has been drafted for over
a year and a half...still awaits final approval from the local government.
If the cost to society is the entire ecosystem...maybe we could justify the
discussion of more aggressive or comprehensive management strategies?   I
have trouble defining the pursuit of any legislative action as being "a
shot gun approach" as you stated. Legislative channels often take time and
are open for meaningful public participation in the form of public hearings
etc...........at least they are where you live.
Indeed, the broad definition given to coral reef ecosystem in Clintons
executive
order  13089, must be at least some cause for concern to the many "hired
gun" consultants whose job it appears is to protect big business and
government from the added expense of functioning in an environmentally
responsible manner.
We should, however,  pay close attention and note if even this broad
definition given to coral reef ecosystems can effectively be used to
contribute to the conservation of these marine systems? For example, much
of the money or re-allocation of federal funds associated with this
executive order is being focused on mapping and monitoring. Should we be
concerned that 20  years from now, scientist may be reviewing what may then
be historic information of where the living reefs once were? Should we be
concerned that in 20 years scientists may be discussing how hard they
"tried" to conserve these systems through the rationalization that the
first step must be lengthy mapping and monitoring?  Will there be any
satisfaction in clearly and empirically demonstrating that these systems
were in fact destroyed by multiple anthropogenic stressors ?
Do current approaches to coral reef conservation management and associated
fund allocation warrant closer evaluation with respect to their potential
effective contribution toward meeting conservation related objectives given
the rate of system degradation? Could not this money be better spent
addressing, for example, more controversial water quality issues?
Sincerely,
Mary Ann Lucking
Project Coordinator
CORALations
Amapola 14, Suite 901
Isla Verde, PR  00979
787-791-7372
corals@caribe.net
> From: Precht,Bill <BPrecht@kennesaw.Lawco.com>
> To: corals@caribe.net
> Subject: FW: Acropora spp. - Candidates for Endangered Species List
> Date: Monday, February 22, 1999 3:20 PM
>
>
> CORALations:
>
> > I read with great interest your note to Tom H. regarding the inclusion
of
> > Acropora and exclusion of other coral species on the E&T Species list.
> >
> > You state "based on what we know about the interconnectedness of
species
> > in such an ecosystem" that we need to look at more than just the
> > acroporids, even at the ecosystem as a whole.
> >
> > Well, I think the data tend to argue against these systems being
> > interconnected (i.e. tightly integrated) -
> >
> > The Caribbean wide demise of acroporids over the last two decades has
not
> > been related to the collapse of other coral species.  In cases where
other
> > corals have declined, it has been for other reasons not related to the
> > mortality of the acroporids (white-band disease epizootic and related
> > necrosis).  The data clearly show the acroporids to be at risk.  This
is
> > not so for all coral species in the Caribbean/western Atlantic. The
> > reproductive strategy (poor sexual recruitment success) will not help
the
> > acroporids recover anytime soon.
> >
> > I believe it is
> > not prudent or a best management practice to use your shotgun approach
> > listing the whole ecosystem as endangered.  Local extirpation of the
> > acroporids has already occurred in some populations and there is a
serious
> > risk that in the face of continuing disturbances that we may lose the
> > whole lot.  I would love to discuss this in greater detail if you would
> > like.  I will send you a copy of some recent publications that I hope
you
> > may find interesting....
> >
> Sincerely yours,
>
> > Bill
> >
> > William F. Precht
> > Natural Resources Manager
> > LAW Engineering & Environmental Services, Inc.
> > 5845 NW 158th Street
> > Miami Lakes, FL  33014
> > ph (305) 826-5588 x206
> > fax (305) 826-1799
> >
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From:	CORALations [SMTP:corals@caribe.net]
> > Sent:	Monday, February 22, 1999 8:59 AM
> > To:	Coral-List
> > Subject:	Re: Acropora spp. - Candidates for Endangered Species List
> >
> > Based on what we know about the interconnectedness of species in such
an
> > ecosystem, how can we still be selecting individual species for
protection
> > and ignoring others...For example..saying Acropora would qualify as
> > endangered due to declines throughout the Caribbean does not provide
> > sollutions for impacts to other species of coral that result from this
> > decline. Could reef scientists  possibly make rational arguments for
> > considering the entire ecosystem as endangered ...including
commercially
> > valuable fish and shellfish which play a role in nutrient distribution
and
> > recycling etc.?
> > It seems that the way these systems have evolved is more complicated
than
> > mere % distributions of individual species and if we are going to spend
> > time and energy trying to protect them could we possibly shoot for a
> > legislative solution which effectively recognizes this?
> > I have concerns about scientists becoming too conservative in the
manner
> > in
> > which they convey impacts to the reef in an effort to propell small,
less
> > constroversial solutions to society when these solutions may simply not
be
> > effective. Look how we've bungled and continue to bungle marine fishery
> > legislation in order to propell small paletable bits of legislation
often
> > too little, too late...rarely complied to or enforced.
> >
> > "The problems we have today, will not be solved by thinking the way we
> > thought when we created them"....  Albert Einstein
> > ----------
> > > From: Bob Steneck <Steneck@maine.maine.edu>
> > > To: Tom Hourigan <Tom.Hourigan@noaa.gov>; Coral List
> > <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
> > > Subject: Re: Acropora spp. - Candidates for Endangered Species List
> > > Date: Saturday, February 20, 1999 1:46 PM
> > >
> > > Dear Tom,
> > >
> > >   It seems to me that the Acropora decline throughout the Caribbean
may
> > > qualify that genus and all of its species to endangered status.  I
have
> > > seen some recent declines in Porites and to a lesser extent
Dichocoenia
> > > but some of the other species you have listed I do not think qualify.
> > > Most notably is Dendrogyra cylindricus.  While I know of no region or
> > > reef in the Caribbean where it has ever been abundant, it is
remarkably
> > > common.  Most reefs have a little of that species and most areas I've
> > > worked throughout the Bahamas, eastern and western Caribbean seem to
> > have
> >
> > > healthy colonies.  I suspect you do not want a list of corals that
> > happen
> >
> > > to have always had low abundance.
> > >
> > >   It will be relatively easy to query the Atlantic and Gulf Reefs
Rapid
> > > Assessment data sets to see if higher than average mortality rates
are
> > > showing up for the species you list below (see:
> > > http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/agra/agra1.html).  In April many of us
will
> > be
> >
> > > assembling in Fort Lauderdale to present data on the condition of
> > > Caribbean reefs, perhaps you could get a consensus of opinions at
that
> > > time (see: http://www.nova.edu/ocean/ncri/cfp_1.html).
> > >
> > >   Good luck in your efforts.
> > >
> > >   Bob Steneck
> > >
> > >
> > > >We have also examined several other western Atlantic coral species
that
> > might
> > > >merit inclusion as Candidate species.  They were not included in the
> > Federal
> > > >Register Notice since the information available was incomplete.
They
> > > >include:
> > > >
> > > >Acropora prolifera
> > > >Dendrogyra cylindricus - pillar coral
> > > >Dichocoenia stokessi
> > > >Oculina varicosa
> > > >
> > > >Other species, such as the Porites porites complex, P. astreoides,
the
> > > >Montastraea annularis complex, M. cavernosa, Diploria strigosa, D.
> > > >clivosa, and
> > > >D. labyrinthiformis appear to have undergone some declines at
certain
> > > >sites, but
> > > >do not appear as threatened as the Acropora spp, at this time.
> > >
> > >
> > > ----------------------------
> > > Robert S. Steneck, Ph.D.
> > > Professor, School of Marine Sciences
> > > University of Maine
> > > Darling Marine Center
> > > Walpole, ME 04573
> > > 207 - 563 - 3146 ext. 233
> > > e-mail: Steneck@Maine.EDU
> > >
> > > The School of Marine Sciences Web site:
> > > http://www.ume.maine.edu/~marine/marine.html
> > >
> > >
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Feb 23 16:07:14 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA03749; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 16:07:11 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA17589; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 16:10:00 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma017504; Tue, 23 Feb 99 16:09:02 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA40213; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 20:01:56 GMT
Received: from unit5. by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id PAA41367; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 15:01:34 -0500 (EST)
Received: from fa17mr.co.broward.fl.us by unit1.co.broward.fl.us (AIX 4.1/UCB 5.64/4.03.09)
          id AA89912; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 14:25:24 -0500
Received: from MAN-Message_Server by CO.BROWARD.FL.US
	with Novell_GroupWise; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 14:59:34 -0500
Message-Id: <s6d2c256.082@co.broward.fl.us>
X-Mailer: Novell GroupWise 4.1
Date: Tue, 23 Feb 1999 14:59:02 -0500
From: LOUIS FISHER <lfisher@co.broward.fl.us>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Cc: emyers@co.broward.fl.us, jligas@co.broward.fl.us, kbanks@co.broward.fl.us,
        dodge@nsu.acast.nova.edu
Subject: NCRI conference field trips
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain
Content-Disposition: inline
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: LOUIS FISHER <lfisher@co.broward.fl.us>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 81
To those list members who will attend the:
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS OF CORAL
REEF ASSESSMENT, MONITORING, AND RESTORATION in Fort
Lauderdale, Florida April 14-16, 1999
Saturday, April 17th, from 1:00 - 5:00 p.m., Broward County (Florida)
Department of Natural Resource Protection, a Conference co-sponsor,
will also sponsor and administer a field trip to local coral reefs.  Plans call
for a trip on a 60-foot glass-bottom boat, the Pro-Diver II, docked at the
Radisson Bahia Mar (conference site), with capabilities for SCUBA,
snorkeling, or simply viewing through the vessel's glass bottom.
Dive sites are to-be-announced.  Possible sites that might be explored
include a natural coral reef system, a reef restoration site, or an artificial
reef site, all offshore Broward County.  All divers need to provide their
own personal gear. Availability is limited. To make arrangements, contact
ProDive directly, John Hudson, 1-954-776-3483 (toll-free in the United
States at 1-800-800-3483).
Field Trip Prices are as follows:
SCUBA: includes 2 tanks and weight belt rental (diver provides other
gear or rental is available at a special 25% discount) PRICE: $45
SCUBA: diver provides all gear PRICE: $30
SNORKELING: diver provides all gear PRICE: $18
OBSERVER: PRICE: $11
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Feb 23 19:01:56 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id TAA05840; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 19:01:53 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA26724; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 19:04:43 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma026706; Tue, 23 Feb 99 19:03:44 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id XAA39841; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 23:05:10 GMT
Message-Id: <199902232305.XAA39841@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Tue, 23 Feb 1999 17:03:18 -0500
To: "coral-list" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: kenyon mobley <kenyon_b_mobley@gasou.edu>
Subject: ESA
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: kenyon mobley <kenyon_b_mobley@gasou.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 82
Food (or fodder) for thought about the endangered species act vs. ecosystem
approach.
>>Published Saturday, February 20, 1999, in the Miami Herald
>>------------------------------------------------------------
>>
>>Scientists sound the alarm for rare, tiny marine critter
>>
>>Is there room for lowly, microscopic marine critters on the marquee list of
>>America's endangered species, next to the popular manatees, Florida
>>panthers and bald eagles?
>>
>>A coalition of scientists and conservationists is calling the question.
>>They are asking the federal government to grant endangered species status
>>to 11 species and a new genus of bryozoans found nowhere else but on a
>>large sand bar off St. Lucie County.
>>
>>The marine animals are in immediate danger of extinction, their advocates
>>say, because the Army Corps of Engineers plans to mine sand from Capron
>>Shoal, where they live, to widen 2.3 miles of beach south of Fort Pierce
>>Inlet.
>>
>>The $6.3 million project is expected to start late next week -- unless the
>>National Marine Fisheries Service, which lists endangered marine plants and
>>animals, steps in.
>>
>>The service must step carefully. Listing the bryozoans could have
>>implications for other beach-building projects that Florida uses to pump up
>>its prime tourist draws.
>>
>>But not considering them for protection might violate one of the nation's
>>most important environmental laws, says attorney Eric Glitzenstein, who
>>represents the bryozoans' advocates.
>>
>>Quoting the >>Endangered<< >>Species<< >>Act<<, he says: "From the
>>narrowest point of view, it is in the best interest of mankind to minimize
>>the losses of genetic variations. . . . They are potential resources. They
>>are keys to puzzles which we cannot solve, and may provide answers to
>>questions which we have not yet learned to ask.
>>
>>A bryozoan is a tiny, invertebrate marine animal that can live its entire
>>life on a single grain of sand.
>>
>>Judith Winston, who co-discovered the Capron Shoal bryozoan colonies 14
>>years ago with a scientist from Denmark, argued in a letter to the
>>fisheries service that the species will become extinct -- and with them the
>>chemical secrets she says might help battle cancer.
>>
>>"These unique bryozoans belong to the same order taxonomically as the
>>bryozoan species which is the source of a potent anti-cancer agent,
>>Bryostatin 1, wrote Winston, the research director at the Virginia Museum
>>of Natural History. "Bryostatin 1 derives from the bryozoan Bugula species
>>. . . which is also present in the currently rich biotic community of
>>Capron Shoal.
>>
>>"The medicinal properties of the newly discovered bryozoans have not yet
>>been explored, and if the species do not receive emergency listing
>>protection, the opportunity to conduct such research may be lost forever.
>>
>>There are about 5,000 species of bryozoans, whose name means "moss animals.
>>In his book, Land From the Sea: The Geologic Story of South Florida, marine
>>scientist John Edward Hoffmeister says bryozoans grow together to form
>>knobby colonies that can be a foot or more in diameter. They are higher on
>>the scale of life than corals, he says, but not anywhere near as pretty.
>>
>>Winston, fellow scientist Brian Killday, the St. Lucie County Audubon
>>Society, the St. Lucie Waterfront Council and the St. Lucie County
>>Conservation Alliance asked the fisheries service and its parent, the
>>Department of Commerce, on Feb. 11 for the emergency listing for bryozoans.
>>
>>The listing would be temporary, lasting up to 240 days -- or long enough
>>for the federal agency to determine whether or not the species warrant
>>inclusion among 40 plants and animals listed by the fisheries service as
>>endangered or threatened. The proposal asks that the corps not begin
>>dredging until the service decides on the emergency listing request.
>>
>>Gordon Helm, service spokesman, said the agency was studying the request,
>>which he described as difficult to evaluate given the size of the species
>>in question and complications of searching for it on other shoals.
>>
>>The corps of engineers, meanwhile, overlooked the bryozoans entirely in its
>>planning. Jacqueline Griffin, spokeswoman for the corps' Jacksonville
>>district, said the agency had "no knowledge of the bryozoans when the
>>project began.
>>
>>When scientists and conservationists pointed out the omission of the
>>bryozoans, the agency responded: "The effect on these and other species
>>inhabiting the shoal should be minimal.
>>
>>Winston says the corps' response rests on sheer speculation since
>>scientific research has never been conducted to find these particular
>>bryozoans on other shoals nearby. She has found them only on the shallowest
>>part of Capron, where the corps plans to dredge.
>>
>>And fellow researcher Eckart Hakansson of Denmark has never seen those
>>species in his work in the Caribbean, Philippines and Australia.
>>
>>"Whether or not bryozoans exist elsewhere . . . is an important question
>>that must be answered before  [the corps] begins dredging the only known
>>habitat of these unique organisms, she wrote.
>>
>>Of course, many people scoff at the idea of holding up a
>>multimillion-dollar beach-building project while scientists search for
>>bryozoans, but ecologists who've dedicated their careers to preserving
>>>>biodiversity<< say that the lowliest deserve protection.
>>
>>"Some of these tiny, unloved marine organisms are proving hugely important
>>in the pharmaceutical industry for the compounds they're finding there,
>>said Stuart Pimm, a prominent University of Tennessee scientist.
>>
>>"And that's only one reason to protect these animals. The other is that
>>they're found only in one place. By that, they're telling us that something
>>unique, special and wonderful is going on there.
>>
>>
>>------------------------------------------------------------
>>NewsHound is a service of Knight Ridder.
>>For more information, write to: speak@newshound.com
>>
>>This material is copyrighted and may not be republished without permission
>>of the originating newspaper or wire service.
>>------------------------------------------------------------
>>
>>
>>For more information, visit the NewsHound website at
http://www.newshound.com
>>or send an email to speak@hound.com.
>>
>>
>>
>>Defenders of Wildlife
>>1101 14th St. NW, Suite 1400
>>Washington, DC 20005
>>(202)-682-9400 ext. 283
>>fax: (202)-682-1331
>>LHood@Defenders.org
Kenyon B. Mobley
Georgia Southern University
Department of Biology
Statesboro, GA 30460-8042
http://www.bio.gasou.edu/bio-home/GRADS/kenyonwebpage/kmhome.html
Office (912) 681-5963
Fax:   (912) 681-0845
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Feb 23 19:45:24 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id TAA06095; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 19:45:13 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA27854; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 19:48:03 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma027846; Tue, 23 Feb 99 19:47:51 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id XAA34575; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 23:53:15 GMT
Received: from waquarium.waquarium.org by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id SAA42486; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 18:53:06 -0500 (EST)
Received: from uu.waquarium.org (uu.waquarium.org [166.122.71.34])
	by waquarium.waquarium.org (8.8.7/8.8.8) with SMTP id NAA21170;
	Tue, 23 Feb 1999 13:44:53 -1000
Message-ID: <005001be5f87$0c7265c0$22477aa6@uu.waquarium.org>
From: "Bruce Carlson" <carlson@soest.hawaii.edu>
To: "Sean Lyman" <sjl3@duke.edu>, "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
Cc: "Coral-List" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Re: Acropora spp. - Candidates for Endangered Species List
Date: Tue, 23 Feb 1999 13:48:38 -1000
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.2106.4
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.2106.4
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Bruce Carlson" <carlson@soest.hawaii.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 83
I would like to note that several public aquariums are raising Acropora
cervicornis in captivity with excellent results (the Florida Aquarium has
some in their coral exhibit and it has grown considerably in the past year).
I certainly hope that the means will be found to keep A. cervicornis and A.
palmata alive and well in their natural environments, but if it really
appears that they are heading towards extinction, it would probably be
worthwhile for a few public aquariums to maintain some "genetic diversity"
in aquariums, for possible reintroduction to the wild when conditions
improve.  Based on what we know about keeping Acropora spp. in aquariums,
they could probably be maintained almost indefinitely, especially if enough
institutions maintain them.
We have considered this here in Hawaii to include A. cervicornis among our
collection of Pacific acroporids, but we are very reluctant to bring in any
Caribbean species that might accidentally also bring in a pathogen (if
indeed that is what is causing the problem in the Caribbean).  If public
aquariums get involved, it will have to be those on the mainland U.S.
Just an option for consideration, but a viable option nonetheless.
Bruce Carlson
Waikiki Aquarium
-----Original Message-----
From: Sean Lyman <sjl3@duke.edu>
To: CORALations <corals@caribe.net>
Cc: Coral-List <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Tuesday, February 23, 1999 5:28 AM
Subject: Re: Acropora spp. - Candidates for Endangered Species List
>Good morning:
>
>The CORALations folks bring up a good point about classification of the
>entire coral reef system as endangered, but I think it's a mistake to so
>quickly dismiss listing of a single species.  I do not disagree with
>their points, but I do think that listing and protection of a single
>species can be useful.
>
>Doing what is necessary to protect a single species (or genus) or coral
>is going to have a positive effect on the entire system, something I've
>heard referred to as an "umbrella" of protection.  The Endangered Species
>Act in the US certainly has problems, but the listing and protection of
>charismatic megafauna has often had trickle-down effects on
>equally-endangered ecosystems in which they live.
>
>I think that we are a long way from the political power to implement an
>endangered communities act, and therefore should not be shy about using
>the tools at our disposal.  Declaring Acropora as endangered will
>increase awareness about the decline of the coral reef ecosystems, and
>steps taken to protect Acropora will most likely benefit at least other
>corals and at best the entire system.
>
>Cheers,
>Sean
>
>++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>
>Sean J. Lyman
>Duke University Marine Laboratory          sjl3@duke.edu
>135 Duke Marine Lab Road                   sean.lyman@duke.edu
>Beaufort, NC  28516  USA
>
>Phone:  (252) 504-7565
>Fax:    (252) 504-7648
>
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Feb 23 22:02:53 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id WAA06878; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 22:02:25 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA04342; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 22:05:05 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma004295; Tue, 23 Feb 99 22:04:11 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id CAA43042; Wed, 24 Feb 1999 02:00:00 GMT
Received: from mail.pixi.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id UAA42964; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 20:59:51 -0500 (EST)
Received: from pholthus (adp8470-4-08.pixi.net [209.84.70.158])
	by mail.pixi.com (8.8.5/8.8.5/PIXI-5.2) with SMTP id PAA11154
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 15:58:04 -1000 (HST)
Message-Id: <4.0.1.19990223155339.00dfbc90@mail.pixi.com>
X-Sender: pholthus@mail.pixi.com
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 4.0.1
Date: Tue, 23 Feb 1999 15:56:58 -1000
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Paul Holthus <paul.holthus@aquariumcouncil.org>
Subject: Certification for Aquarium Industry: Internet Mtg
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Paul Holthus <paul.holthus@aquariumcouncil.org>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 84
Subject: MAC-MASNA Internet Meeting on Certification for the Aquarium Industry
Dear Coral List;
The Marine Aquarium Council (MAC) and the Marine Aquarium Societies of
North America (MASNA) would like to invite you to participate in an
Internet "Town Meeting" on certification for the marine aquarium industry.
This will be held on Wednesday, 24 February 1998 beginning at 7:00 PM US
Central Time.
By way of background: Marine aquarium hobbyists are, of course, the driving
force behind the marine aquarium industry and thus a key constituency in
the MAC efforts to develop certification and labeling.  MASNA is the
umbrella organization for the aquarium hobbyist clubs in North America,
which is the largest market for marine aquarium organisms. MASNA is on the
Interim MAC Board of Directors and Dennis Gallagher, recent past president
of MASNA, is their representative.
MAC held a multi-stakeholders workshop on the development of certification
and labeling in the Philippines in December 1998.  Dennis participated in
the workshop and made a presentation on the aquarium hobbyist's
perspective. This was Dennis' first trip to the Philippines and he was able
to visit a collecting area as well as several export facilities.
MASNA has quickly become significantly involved in getting the word out
about MAC to hobbyists. Dennis posted an article on his Philippine's trip
on the MASNA site (www.masna.org) that generated considerable discussion
amongst hobbyists.  In order to respond to the interest and questions
arising amongst the hobbyists, MASNA and Dennis have organized an Internet
"Town Meeting" chat on MAC and certification.
In keeping with the MAC transparent multi-stakeholder approach, we have a
wide range of stakeholder input and perspectives available to the hobbyists
at the "Town Meeting". A list of the proposed panelists and "perspective"
areas for each is presented below. (Some may not be able to participate due
to technical difficulties in connecting.)
If you are interested in sitting in on the meeting, please take the time to
visit the MAC website (www.aquariumcouncil.org) to ensure that you are
familiar with the background to MAC and certification and visit the MASNA
website (www.masna.org) to read Dennis' Philippines Trip Report.  The
announcement for the "Town Meeting" at www.masna.org will guide you to
instructions for participating in the meeting.
Please keep in mind that the objective of the Town Meeting is to generate
awareness and understanding among the hobbyists of the difference
perspectives on improving the quality and sustainability of the marine
aquarium industry through certification and labeling.
With best regards,
Paul Holthus
Director, MAC
MASNA-MAC INTERNET "TOWN MEETING"
Time: Wednesday, 24 February 1998; beginning at 7:00 PM US Central Time.
Objective: Generate awareness and understanding among the hobbyists of the
difference perspectives on improving the quality and sustainability of the
marine aquarium industry through certification and labeling.
Panel Topic: Developing Certification and Labeling for the Marine Aquarium
Trade: Perspectives from the Industry and other Stakeholders
Moderator: Dennis Gallagher, 1997-8 President, MASNA
Proposed Panel:
Paul Holthus, MAC: Standards, certification, and labeling
Vaughan Pratt, Int'l Marinelife Alliance: Philippine collector's perspective
Pete Basabe, Dive Hawaii: Hawaii collector's perspective
Jaime Baquero, Ocean Voice Int'l: Community level perspective
Lolita Ty, Aquascapes/Phil. Tropical Fish Export Ass'n: Philippine
exporter's perspective
Antonio (Toti) Turalba, Asian Marine Resource: Philippine exporter's
perspective
Phil Shane, Quality Marine: Importer/wholesaler's perspective
Rick Oellers, Amer. Marinelife Dealers Ass'n: Retailer's perspective
Charles Delbeek, Waikiki Aquarium: Public aquarium's perspective
Mon Romero, World Wildlife Fund Philippines: Conservation organization's
perspective
Marea Hatziolos, World Bank: International institution's perspective
Paul Holthus
Executive Director
Marine Aquarium Council
3035 Hibiscus Dr., Honolulu, Hawaii  USA  96815
Phone: (+1 808) 923-3254    Fax: (+1 808) 923-6023
Email: paul.holthus@aquariumcouncil.org
Website: www.aquariumcouncil.org
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Feb 24 09:19:12 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA12438; Wed, 24 Feb 1999 09:19:05 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA21389; Wed, 24 Feb 1999 09:21:42 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma021368; Wed, 24 Feb 99 09:21:27 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA44947; Wed, 24 Feb 1999 13:04:29 GMT
Message-Id: <199902241304.NAA44947@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Wed, 24 Feb 1999 16:50:39 +0800
From: "K. Soong" <keryea@mail.nsysu.edu.tw>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: spawning
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "K. Soong" <keryea@mail.nsysu.edu.tw>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 85
Dear Coral listers:
Do you know which sex release gametes first in any broadcasting species?
Or do you know any case of spawning induction by conspecifics in corals?
Please help me by responding to my address.  Thank you very much.
Sincerely,
Keryea Soong
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Feb 25 17:11:07 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA11211; Thu, 25 Feb 1999 17:11:04 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA12502; Thu, 25 Feb 1999 17:13:44 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma012481; Thu, 25 Feb 99 17:13:14 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA55252; Thu, 25 Feb 1999 21:07:41 GMT
Received: from mail.mia.bellsouth.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA55378; Thu, 25 Feb 1999 16:07:35 -0500 (EST)
Received: from desk2 (host-209-214-0-157.mia.bellsouth.net [209.214.0.157])
	by mail.mia.bellsouth.net (8.8.8-spamdog/8.8.5) with SMTP id QAA15720
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 25 Feb 1999 16:05:43 -0500 (EST)
Message-ID: <36D5BAB3.972@bellsouth.net>
Date: Thu, 25 Feb 1999 16:03:47 -0500
From: Reef Relief <reef@bellsouth.net>
Organization: Reef Relief
X-Mailer: Mozilla 3.04Gold (Win95; I)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral-list <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Acropora  palmata discussions/coral nursery
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Reef Relief <reef@bellsouth.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 86
Reef Relief has released the first year report on the Coral Nursery
Project at Western Sambo Reef in the Florida Keys.  The report outlines
the efforts to stabilize loose fragments of Acropora plamata onto
"Acropora rosettes", a design by restoration biologist Harold Hudson, in
this cooperative project with the Florida Keys National Marine
Sanctuary.  Storm-damaged fragments of Acropora palmata were secured
with hydraulic cement onto concrete landscaping pads.
The effort was launched to save Acropora palmata that was becoming
increasingly rare in Keys waters after substantial damage to populations
at Western Sambo Reef as a result of the Ground Hog Day Storm of
February 1998.
The rosettes were not cemented down at first because the plan was to
move them to a boat grounding site.  As a result, they were damaged
during Hurricane Georges but quickly re-established by a Reef Relief
team led by Craig Quirolo.  This time, they were cemented to the ocean
floor and survived through Tropical Storm Mitch.  Unfortunately,
Acropora palmata colonies at Western Sambo, Rock Key and other Keys
reefs suffered substantial losses as a result of these successive
storms.
REEF RELIEF recommends and encourages the inclusion of all corals in the
Acropora genus found in the Caribbean Basin for further protection,
including listing through the U.S. Endangered Species Act. The health
and abundance of Palmata colonies we have photo-documented in Cuba,
Jamaica, and Honduras are being compromised as well.
For a copy of the 70-page color report, contact Reef Relief by e-mail,
telephone (305) 294-3100, fax (305) 293-9515, or write P.O. Box 430, Key
West, Fl. 33041.
The report is available on our website, located at www.reefrelief.org.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Feb 26 05:47:12 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id FAA14942; Fri, 26 Feb 1999 05:47:10 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id FAA26997; Fri, 26 Feb 1999 05:50:22 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma026986; Fri, 26 Feb 99 05:49:47 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id KAA58591; Fri, 26 Feb 1999 10:07:06 GMT
Date: Fri, 26 Feb 1999 10:07:06 GMT
Message-Id: <199902261007.KAA58591@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: Walt Jaap STP <JAAP_W@epic7.dep.state.fl.us>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Acropora spp., endangered
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Walt Jaap STP <JAAP_W@epic7.dep.state.fl.us>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 87
[Moderator's note: this letter to Tom Hourigan from Walt Jaap was
reprinted with permission from Walt for the purpose of encouraging
discussion and contrasting or complementary viewpoints.]
22 February, 1999
Dr. Thomas F. Hourigan
Marine Biodiversity Coordinator
Office of Protected Resources, NOAAF/PR
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Marine Fisheries Service
1315 East-West Highway
Silver Spring, MD 20910
tom.hourigan@noaa.gov
Dear Dr. Hourigan:
I am responding to your internet request about Acropora spp. and other
Scleractinian species for inclusion as endangered or threatened species.
We have encountered this option several times from different groups over
the years; and have looked at the option to see if it was reasonable,
possible, and would it do a better job protecting corals than the
existing statutes and management regimes.  We have concluded that it is
not the best approach for several reasons.
Firstly, to prove that a coral is threatened or at risk throughout the
Caribbean, Florida, Bahamas, Bermuda, and places in between is  costly,
time consuming, and might be very difficult to prove the case.
Are corals currently protected from human exploitation by other statutes
and management regimes?  I would like to think so.  In Florida, we have
a state statute that protects all Scleractinia, Millepora spp, and
Gorgonia spp from harvest, being sold in a commercial establishment, and
from destruction on the sea floor.  This statute has been in effect
since the mid 1970s.  At the federal level the most extensive coral
protection is found under the Magnuson Act:  The Gulf of Mexico and
South Atlantic Fisherie s Councils cosponsored the work that resulted in
the Coral and Coral Reef Fishery Management Plan.  This plan parallels
the Florida statute, protecting the Scleractinia, Millepora spp, and
Gorgonia spp. This management regime was recently incorporated into the
Essential Fish Habitat Plan by the Fishery Management Councils.
The Department of Interior manages two National Parks (Biscayne and Dry
Tortugas) in which all corals are protected.  The State of Florida and
NOAA are the trustees of the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary
which includes all the reefs outside the National Park boundaries from
Fowey Rocks to west of Dry Tortugas, again the regulations protect
corals and reefs.   When anthropogenic events occur, the trustees have
successfully prosecuted responsible parties or have negotiated effective
restoration and mon itoring plans on the sites.  Settlements were in the
range of millions of dollars. Would the endangered species act have
provided immunity from these anthropogenic disturbances? I do not think
it would have.
Natural events such as hurricanes, ENSO related bleaching episodes, and
global warming are still occurring in spite of the efforts that the
coral protection statutes and management regimes.  Would additional
protective legislation such as the endangered species program provide
more protection to the reef resources?  I am skeptical that adding a few
Scleractinia corals to the endangered and threatened species list would
be of benefit.
Coral populations are very dynamic.  In the case of Acropora palmata
(Lamarck, 1816) there is good evidence that it has gone through boom and
bust dynamics for quite some time.  In 1882, Alexander Agassiz reported
44 hectares of A. palmata at Dry Tortugas.  In 1982, Gary Davis reported
that, A. palmata coverage declined to 0.6 hectares, ten years later we
measured the remnant population and noted little change.  The decline
was probably caused by hurricanes and other meteorological phenomena.
In retrospect, or as they claim hind sight is perfect, when the debate
over the Everglades Park boundaries was first debated in the late 1940s,
Gill Voss told me an initial proposal had all of the Florida Keys with
the exception of Key West and Marathon included in Everglades National
Park.  Local politics prevailed and the end result is a highly urbanized
Florida Keys in which the environmental quality has suffered from user
abuse.  Ah, if we could only go back in time and make it right.
We recognize that your intentions are well meaning and appreciate your
concern.  We respectfully disagree that the corals mentioned in your
communication should be considered for nomination as endangered or
threatened species.  We do not believe that any of the aforementioned
taxa of corals could satisfy the criteria of endangered or threatened
species.   Since we have existing statutes and management regimes that
are designed to protect corals and reefs, the proposed status would have
little or no effect o n these resources.
Sincerely
Walter C. Jaap Associate Research Scientist Florida Marine Research
Institute
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Feb 26 05:47:12 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id FAA14942; Fri, 26 Feb 1999 05:47:10 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id FAA26997; Fri, 26 Feb 1999 05:50:22 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma026986; Fri, 26 Feb 99 05:49:47 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id KAA58591; Fri, 26 Feb 1999 10:07:06 GMT
Date: Fri, 26 Feb 1999 10:07:06 GMT
Message-Id: <199902261007.KAA58591@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: Walt Jaap STP <JAAP_W@epic7.dep.state.fl.us>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Acropora spp., endangered
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Walt Jaap STP <JAAP_W@epic7.dep.state.fl.us>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 88
[Moderator's note: this letter to Tom Hourigan from Walt Jaap was
reprinted with permission from Walt for the purpose of encouraging
discussion and contrasting or complementary viewpoints.]
22 February, 1999
Dr. Thomas F. Hourigan
Marine Biodiversity Coordinator
Office of Protected Resources, NOAAF/PR
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Marine Fisheries Service
1315 East-West Highway
Silver Spring, MD 20910
tom.hourigan@noaa.gov
Dear Dr. Hourigan:
I am responding to your internet request about Acropora spp. and other
Scleractinian species for inclusion as endangered or threatened species.
We have encountered this option several times from different groups over
the years; and have looked at the option to see if it was reasonable,
possible, and would it do a better job protecting corals than the
existing statutes and management regimes.  We have concluded that it is
not the best approach for several reasons.
Firstly, to prove that a coral is threatened or at risk throughout the
Caribbean, Florida, Bahamas, Bermuda, and places in between is  costly,
time consuming, and might be very difficult to prove the case.
Are corals currently protected from human exploitation by other statutes
and management regimes?  I would like to think so.  In Florida, we have
a state statute that protects all Scleractinia, Millepora spp, and
Gorgonia spp from harvest, being sold in a commercial establishment, and
from destruction on the sea floor.  This statute has been in effect
since the mid 1970s.  At the federal level the most extensive coral
protection is found under the Magnuson Act:  The Gulf of Mexico and
South Atlantic Fisherie s Councils cosponsored the work that resulted in
the Coral and Coral Reef Fishery Management Plan.  This plan parallels
the Florida statute, protecting the Scleractinia, Millepora spp, and
Gorgonia spp. This management regime was recently incorporated into the
Essential Fish Habitat Plan by the Fishery Management Councils.
The Department of Interior manages two National Parks (Biscayne and Dry
Tortugas) in which all corals are protected.  The State of Florida and
NOAA are the trustees of the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary
which includes all the reefs outside the National Park boundaries from
Fowey Rocks to west of Dry Tortugas, again the regulations protect
corals and reefs.   When anthropogenic events occur, the trustees have
successfully prosecuted responsible parties or have negotiated effective
restoration and mon itoring plans on the sites.  Settlements were in the
range of millions of dollars. Would the endangered species act have
provided immunity from these anthropogenic disturbances? I do not think
it would have.
Natural events such as hurricanes, ENSO related bleaching episodes, and
global warming are still occurring in spite of the efforts that the
coral protection statutes and management regimes.  Would additional
protective legislation such as the endangered species program provide
more protection to the reef resources?  I am skeptical that adding a few
Scleractinia corals to the endangered and threatened species list would
be of benefit.
Coral populations are very dynamic.  In the case of Acropora palmata
(Lamarck, 1816) there is good evidence that it has gone through boom and
bust dynamics for quite some time.  In 1882, Alexander Agassiz reported
44 hectares of A. palmata at Dry Tortugas.  In 1982, Gary Davis reported
that, A. palmata coverage declined to 0.6 hectares, ten years later we
measured the remnant population and noted little change.  The decline
was probably caused by hurricanes and other meteorological phenomena.
In retrospect, or as they claim hind sight is perfect, when the debate
over the Everglades Park boundaries was first debated in the late 1940s,
Gill Voss told me an initial proposal had all of the Florida Keys with
the exception of Key West and Marathon included in Everglades National
Park.  Local politics prevailed and the end result is a highly urbanized
Florida Keys in which the environmental quality has suffered from user
abuse.  Ah, if we could only go back in time and make it right.
We recognize that your intentions are well meaning and appreciate your
concern.  We respectfully disagree that the corals mentioned in your
communication should be considered for nomination as endangered or
threatened species.  We do not believe that any of the aforementioned
taxa of corals could satisfy the criteria of endangered or threatened
species.   Since we have existing statutes and management regimes that
are designed to protect corals and reefs, the proposed status would have
little or no effect o n these resources.
Sincerely
Walter C. Jaap Associate Research Scientist Florida Marine Research
Institute
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Feb 26 05:50:47 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id FAA14976; Fri, 26 Feb 1999 05:50:45 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id FAA27028; Fri, 26 Feb 1999 05:53:25 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma027020; Fri, 26 Feb 99 05:52:42 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id KAA56134; Fri, 26 Feb 1999 10:01:10 GMT
Message-Id: <199902261001.KAA56134@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: susan_white@mail.fws.gov
Date: Thu, 25 Feb 1999 09:25:30 -0700
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: More on ESA candidate spp.
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: susan_white@mail.fws.gov
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 89
At the risk of beating a dead horse, may I add one more thought into the
Endangered and Threatened Acropora 'listing' discussions....
Managing for E & T species, by law, is more than just the individual.  The
habitat that the species depends upon is a critical part of the
protection. There are thousands of species (marine and terrestrial) that
deserve listing because they are imperiled.  Most of these species are
imperiled because of anthropogenic factors, including loss of habitat or
habitat degradation.  With the current strong U.S. agency focus on
ecosystem management -- as opposed to species management -- if a select
few representative species are 'listed' and recovery actions are taken to
protect the habitat and larger environment of those species; then all the
other species within the habitat also benefit.  That is why the concept of
indicator and keystone species are so useful.
It's a round about way of getting the whole system, and there are
loopholes, but it can go a long way for establishing the imperiled status
of the reefs.
/s/  Susan
_________________________________
Susan White
Marine Resources Manager
Florida Keys National Wildlife Refuges
PO Box 430510
Big Pine Key, FL   33043
ph:  305.872.2239
fx:   305.872.3675
email:  susan_white@fws.gov
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Feb 26 13:28:51 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA24293; Fri, 26 Feb 1999 13:28:47 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA25361; Fri, 26 Feb 1999 13:31:58 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma025343; Fri, 26 Feb 99 13:31:47 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA58023; Fri, 26 Feb 1999 16:24:00 GMT
Received: from mail.caribe.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA48970; Fri, 26 Feb 1999 11:23:47 -0500 (EST)
Received: from default (ppp22.201dip.netdial.caribe.net [209.91.201.22])
	by mail.caribe.net (8.9.0/8.9.0) with ESMTP id MAA18722;
	Fri, 26 Feb 1999 12:24:30 -0400 (AST)
Message-Id: <199902261624.MAA18722@mail.caribe.net>
From: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
To: "Walt Jaap STP" <JAAP_W@epic7.dep.state.fl.us>,
        <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Re: Acropora spp., endangered
Date: Fri, 26 Feb 1999 12:18:41 -0400
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Priority: 3
X-Mailer: Microsoft Internet Mail 4.70.1155
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id QAA58023
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id NAA24293
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 90
Dear Mr. Jaap:
You wrote:   " We do not believe that any of the aforementioned taxa of
corals could satisfy the criteria of endangered or threatened species."
Can someone discuss this criteria or possibly scan and post?  How does this
designation differ from appendix II listing?
You wrote:  "Firstly, to prove that a coral is threatened or at risk
throughout the Caribbean, Florida, Bahamas, Bermuda, and places in between
is  costly, time consuming, and might be very difficult to prove the case."
Does this mean there is no data backing compliance to ES criteria for the
taxa listed? I was under the impression that this discussion originated
based on evidence which suggests they fit the criteria. Are reefs
considered shared resources in these regions with respect to such
legislation? Would, for example,  a disease diagnosed in one region
resulting in extensive mortality of a species of coral be enough of a cause
for concern to protect the same species in other regions given that these
diseases are distributed by currents, or are you saying extensive
monitoring is required in each specific region?  In other words, at this
point in time, how much investigation actually needs to be done in order to
see if criteria are met and to what regions would the protection apply?
You wrote: "Are corals currently protected from human exploitation by other
statutes
and management regimes?  I would like to think so."
I would like to think so too. Unfortunately, don't corals continue to
decline in large part due to anthropogenic stressors? The big picture is we
don't seem to be "managing" our selves very well.  We can't even manage
trade, let alone less direct impacts from run off etc.... Look, for
example, at the large black coral galleries on St. Thomas, Cayman and Las
Vegas.  There's a two page magazine add that reads like a documentary in
American Skies, the American Eagle magazine promoting this "art." How are
permits allocated for such exploitation with so little knowledge about the
"protected" species?  In St. Thomas, the existence of this well publicized
gallery has encourage neighboring shops to engage in the trade. Many
fishermen in the DR are risking their lives to harvest this coral.
My only concern about using endangered species act to protect coral is that
the response to the question you posed: "Are corals currently protected
from human exploitation by other statutes and management regimes?  would be
answered  as casually with "I would like to think so, they're considered
endangered species."
You wrote: "Would the endangered species act have provided immunity from
these anthropogenic disturbances?    Although, I believe you are
specifically referring to groundings when you discuss "anthropogenic
events" what about development related stress?   Has the endangered species
act been used to stop development? With respect to groundings, could the
endangered species act be used to create legislation which diverts tanker
traffic away from sensitive coral reef areas, minimizing future groundings
and tanker related accidents? Has endangered species act ever been used to
improve water quality?
You wrote: "Natural events such as hurricanes, ENSO related bleaching
episodes, and global warming are still occurring in spite of the efforts
that the
 coral protection statutes and management regimes. Would additional
 protective legislation such as the endangered species program provide
 more protection to the reef resources?  "
I believe the answer to this depends on the proposed protective
legislation. We should be using past management failures to discuss
additional protective legislation.   With regard to the endangered species
act, I would think we can use this as another tool to minimize additional
anthropogenic stress to protected corals from proposed development and
water quality issues.   Your natural events argument  better defends why
we should do more....not eliminate a legislative avenue that already
exists.
 You wrote:   Coral populations are very dynamic.  In the case of Acropora
palmata
(Lamarck, 1816) there is good evidence that it has gone through boom and
 bust dynamics for quite some time.
Are you suggesting that no anthropogenic stressors are currently
contributing to the decline of this species?
	I respect you for posting your arguments to the web for discussion. I also
have concerns about the effectiveness of the endangered species act to
protect corals.  To many people, corals are just rocks, or rocks with
worms.  However, unlike you, I see this as a cause for concern to open
discussion about more aggressive comprehensive legislation,  not grounds
for abandonment of laws currently on the books.  Other listers have
commented that by protecting one species of coral others will benefit.  In
my opinion, the strongest argument you present is cost - benefit.
However, I feel your cost-benefit argument fails if a substantial amount of
data  exists which can be used to demonstrate compliance with ES criteria
and other corals benefit by proximity to the species being listed.
Sincerely,
Mary Ann Lucking
Project Coordinator
CORALations
Amapola 14, Suite 901
Isla Verde, PR 00979
phone/fax: 787-791-7372
corals@caribe.net
> From: Walt Jaap STP <JAAP_W@epic7.dep.state.fl.us>
> To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
> Subject: Acropora spp., endangered
> Date: Friday, February 26, 1999 6:07 AM
>
> [Moderator's note: this letter to Tom Hourigan from Walt Jaap was
> reprinted with permission from Walt for the purpose of encouraging
> discussion and contrasting or complementary viewpoints.]
>
>
> 22 February, 1999
>
> Dr. Thomas F. Hourigan
> Marine Biodiversity Coordinator
> Office of Protected Resources, NOAAF/PR
> National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
> National Marine Fisheries Service
> 1315 East-West Highway
> Silver Spring, MD 20910
> tom.hourigan@noaa.gov
>
>
> Dear Dr. Hourigan:
>
> I am responding to your internet request about Acropora spp. and other
> Scleractinian species for inclusion as endangered or threatened species.
> We have encountered this option several times from different groups over
> the years; and have looked at the option to see if it was reasonable,
> possible, and would it do a better job protecting corals than the
> existing statutes and management regimes.  We have concluded that it is
> not the best approach for several reasons.
>
> Firstly, to prove that a coral is threatened or at risk throughout the
> Caribbean, Florida, Bahamas, Bermuda, and places in between is  costly,
> time consuming, and might be very difficult to prove the case.
>
> Are corals currently protected from human exploitation by other statutes
> and management regimes?  I would like to think so.  In Florida, we have
> a state statute that protects all Scleractinia, Millepora spp, and
> Gorgonia spp from harvest, being sold in a commercial establishment, and
> from destruction on the sea floor.  This statute has been in effect
> since the mid 1970s.  At the federal level the most extensive coral
> protection is found under the Magnuson Act:  The Gulf of Mexico and
> South Atlantic Fisherie s Councils cosponsored the work that resulted in
> the Coral and Coral Reef Fishery Management Plan.  This plan parallels
> the Florida statute, protecting the Scleractinia, Millepora spp, and
> Gorgonia spp. This management regime was recently incorporated into the
> Essential Fish Habitat Plan by the Fishery Management Councils.
>
> The Department of Interior manages two National Parks (Biscayne and Dry
> Tortugas) in which all corals are protected.  The State of Florida and
> NOAA are the trustees of the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary
> which includes all the reefs outside the National Park boundaries from
> Fowey Rocks to west of Dry Tortugas, again the regulations protect
> corals and reefs.   When anthropogenic events occur, the trustees have
> successfully prosecuted responsible parties or have negotiated effective
> restoration and mon itoring plans on the sites.  Settlements were in the
> range of millions of dollars. Would the endangered species act have
> provided immunity from these anthropogenic disturbances? I do not think
> it would have.
>
> Natural events such as hurricanes, ENSO related bleaching episodes, and
> global warming are still occurring in spite of the efforts that the
> coral protection statutes and management regimes.  Would additional
> protective legislation such as the endangered species program provide
> more protection to the reef resources?  I am skeptical that adding a few
> Scleractinia corals to the endangered and threatened species list would
> be of benefit.
>
> Coral populations are very dynamic.  In the case of Acropora palmata
> (Lamarck, 1816) there is good evidence that it has gone through boom and
> bust dynamics for quite some time.  In 1882, Alexander Agassiz reported
> 44 hectares of A. palmata at Dry Tortugas.  In 1982, Gary Davis reported
> that, A. palmata coverage declined to 0.6 hectares, ten years later we
> measured the remnant population and noted little change.  The decline
> was probably caused by hurricanes and other meteorological phenomena.
>
> In retrospect, or as they claim hind sight is perfect, when the debate
> over the Everglades Park boundaries was first debated in the late 1940s,
> Gill Voss told me an initial proposal had all of the Florida Keys with
> the exception of Key West and Marathon included in Everglades National
> Park.  Local politics prevailed and the end result is a highly urbanized
> Florida Keys in which the environmental quality has suffered from user
> abuse.  Ah, if we could only go back in time and make it right.
>
> We recognize that your intentions are well meaning and appreciate your
> concern.  We respectfully disagree that the corals mentioned in your
> communication should be considered for nomination as endangered or
> threatened species.  We do not believe that any of the aforementioned
> taxa of corals could satisfy the criteria of endangered or threatened
> species.   Since we have existing statutes and management regimes that
> are designed to protect corals and reefs, the proposed status would have
> little or no effect o n these resources.
>
>
> Sincerely
>
> Walter C. Jaap Associate Research Scientist Florida Marine Research
> Institute
>
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Feb 26 13:28:51 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA24293; Fri, 26 Feb 1999 13:28:47 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA25361; Fri, 26 Feb 1999 13:31:58 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma025343; Fri, 26 Feb 99 13:31:47 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA58023; Fri, 26 Feb 1999 16:24:00 GMT
Received: from mail.caribe.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA48970; Fri, 26 Feb 1999 11:23:47 -0500 (EST)
Received: from default (ppp22.201dip.netdial.caribe.net [209.91.201.22])
	by mail.caribe.net (8.9.0/8.9.0) with ESMTP id MAA18722;
	Fri, 26 Feb 1999 12:24:30 -0400 (AST)
Message-Id: <199902261624.MAA18722@mail.caribe.net>
From: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
To: "Walt Jaap STP" <JAAP_W@epic7.dep.state.fl.us>,
        <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Re: Acropora spp., endangered
Date: Fri, 26 Feb 1999 12:18:41 -0400
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Priority: 3
X-Mailer: Microsoft Internet Mail 4.70.1155
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id QAA58023
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id NAA24293
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 91
Dear Mr. Jaap:
You wrote:   " We do not believe that any of the aforementioned taxa of
corals could satisfy the criteria of endangered or threatened species."
Can someone discuss this criteria or possibly scan and post?  How does this
designation differ from appendix II listing?
You wrote:  "Firstly, to prove that a coral is threatened or at risk
throughout the Caribbean, Florida, Bahamas, Bermuda, and places in between
is  costly, time consuming, and might be very difficult to prove the case."
Does this mean there is no data backing compliance to ES criteria for the
taxa listed? I was under the impression that this discussion originated
based on evidence which suggests they fit the criteria. Are reefs
considered shared resources in these regions with respect to such
legislation? Would, for example,  a disease diagnosed in one region
resulting in extensive mortality of a species of coral be enough of a cause
for concern to protect the same species in other regions given that these
diseases are distributed by currents, or are you saying extensive
monitoring is required in each specific region?  In other words, at this
point in time, how much investigation actually needs to be done in order to
see if criteria are met and to what regions would the protection apply?
You wrote: "Are corals currently protected from human exploitation by other
statutes
and management regimes?  I would like to think so."
I would like to think so too. Unfortunately, don't corals continue to
decline in large part due to anthropogenic stressors? The big picture is we
don't seem to be "managing" our selves very well.  We can't even manage
trade, let alone less direct impacts from run off etc.... Look, for
example, at the large black coral galleries on St. Thomas, Cayman and Las
Vegas.  There's a two page magazine add that reads like a documentary in
American Skies, the American Eagle magazine promoting this "art." How are
permits allocated for such exploitation with so little knowledge about the
"protected" species?  In St. Thomas, the existence of this well publicized
gallery has encourage neighboring shops to engage in the trade. Many
fishermen in the DR are risking their lives to harvest this coral.
My only concern about using endangered species act to protect coral is that
the response to the question you posed: "Are corals currently protected
from human exploitation by other statutes and management regimes?  would be
answered  as casually with "I would like to think so, they're considered
endangered species."
You wrote: "Would the endangered species act have provided immunity from
these anthropogenic disturbances?    Although, I believe you are
specifically referring to groundings when you discuss "anthropogenic
events" what about development related stress?   Has the endangered species
act been used to stop development? With respect to groundings, could the
endangered species act be used to create legislation which diverts tanker
traffic away from sensitive coral reef areas, minimizing future groundings
and tanker related accidents? Has endangered species act ever been used to
improve water quality?
You wrote: "Natural events such as hurricanes, ENSO related bleaching
episodes, and global warming are still occurring in spite of the efforts
that the
 coral protection statutes and management regimes. Would additional
 protective legislation such as the endangered species program provide
 more protection to the reef resources?  "
I believe the answer to this depends on the proposed protective
legislation. We should be using past management failures to discuss
additional protective legislation.   With regard to the endangered species
act, I would think we can use this as another tool to minimize additional
anthropogenic stress to protected corals from proposed development and
water quality issues.   Your natural events argument  better defends why
we should do more....not eliminate a legislative avenue that already
exists.
 You wrote:   Coral populations are very dynamic.  In the case of Acropora
palmata
(Lamarck, 1816) there is good evidence that it has gone through boom and
 bust dynamics for quite some time.
Are you suggesting that no anthropogenic stressors are currently
contributing to the decline of this species?
	I respect you for posting your arguments to the web for discussion. I also
have concerns about the effectiveness of the endangered species act to
protect corals.  To many people, corals are just rocks, or rocks with
worms.  However, unlike you, I see this as a cause for concern to open
discussion about more aggressive comprehensive legislation,  not grounds
for abandonment of laws currently on the books.  Other listers have
commented that by protecting one species of coral others will benefit.  In
my opinion, the strongest argument you present is cost - benefit.
However, I feel your cost-benefit argument fails if a substantial amount of
data  exists which can be used to demonstrate compliance with ES criteria
and other corals benefit by proximity to the species being listed.
Sincerely,
Mary Ann Lucking
Project Coordinator
CORALations
Amapola 14, Suite 901
Isla Verde, PR 00979
phone/fax: 787-791-7372
corals@caribe.net
> From: Walt Jaap STP <JAAP_W@epic7.dep.state.fl.us>
> To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
> Subject: Acropora spp., endangered
> Date: Friday, February 26, 1999 6:07 AM
>
> [Moderator's note: this letter to Tom Hourigan from Walt Jaap was
> reprinted with permission from Walt for the purpose of encouraging
> discussion and contrasting or complementary viewpoints.]
>
>
> 22 February, 1999
>
> Dr. Thomas F. Hourigan
> Marine Biodiversity Coordinator
> Office of Protected Resources, NOAAF/PR
> National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
> National Marine Fisheries Service
> 1315 East-West Highway
> Silver Spring, MD 20910
> tom.hourigan@noaa.gov
>
>
> Dear Dr. Hourigan:
>
> I am responding to your internet request about Acropora spp. and other
> Scleractinian species for inclusion as endangered or threatened species.
> We have encountered this option several times from different groups over
> the years; and have looked at the option to see if it was reasonable,
> possible, and would it do a better job protecting corals than the
> existing statutes and management regimes.  We have concluded that it is
> not the best approach for several reasons.
>
> Firstly, to prove that a coral is threatened or at risk throughout the
> Caribbean, Florida, Bahamas, Bermuda, and places in between is  costly,
> time consuming, and might be very difficult to prove the case.
>
> Are corals currently protected from human exploitation by other statutes
> and management regimes?  I would like to think so.  In Florida, we have
> a state statute that protects all Scleractinia, Millepora spp, and
> Gorgonia spp from harvest, being sold in a commercial establishment, and
> from destruction on the sea floor.  This statute has been in effect
> since the mid 1970s.  At the federal level the most extensive coral
> protection is found under the Magnuson Act:  The Gulf of Mexico and
> South Atlantic Fisherie s Councils cosponsored the work that resulted in
> the Coral and Coral Reef Fishery Management Plan.  This plan parallels
> the Florida statute, protecting the Scleractinia, Millepora spp, and
> Gorgonia spp. This management regime was recently incorporated into the
> Essential Fish Habitat Plan by the Fishery Management Councils.
>
> The Department of Interior manages two National Parks (Biscayne and Dry
> Tortugas) in which all corals are protected.  The State of Florida and
> NOAA are the trustees of the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary
> which includes all the reefs outside the National Park boundaries from
> Fowey Rocks to west of Dry Tortugas, again the regulations protect
> corals and reefs.   When anthropogenic events occur, the trustees have
> successfully prosecuted responsible parties or have negotiated effective
> restoration and mon itoring plans on the sites.  Settlements were in the
> range of millions of dollars. Would the endangered species act have
> provided immunity from these anthropogenic disturbances? I do not think
> it would have.
>
> Natural events such as hurricanes, ENSO related bleaching episodes, and
> global warming are still occurring in spite of the efforts that the
> coral protection statutes and management regimes.  Would additional
> protective legislation such as the endangered species program provide
> more protection to the reef resources?  I am skeptical that adding a few
> Scleractinia corals to the endangered and threatened species list would
> be of benefit.
>
> Coral populations are very dynamic.  In the case of Acropora palmata
> (Lamarck, 1816) there is good evidence that it has gone through boom and
> bust dynamics for quite some time.  In 1882, Alexander Agassiz reported
> 44 hectares of A. palmata at Dry Tortugas.  In 1982, Gary Davis reported
> that, A. palmata coverage declined to 0.6 hectares, ten years later we
> measured the remnant population and noted little change.  The decline
> was probably caused by hurricanes and other meteorological phenomena.
>
> In retrospect, or as they claim hind sight is perfect, when the debate
> over the Everglades Park boundaries was first debated in the late 1940s,
> Gill Voss told me an initial proposal had all of the Florida Keys with
> the exception of Key West and Marathon included in Everglades National
> Park.  Local politics prevailed and the end result is a highly urbanized
> Florida Keys in which the environmental quality has suffered from user
> abuse.  Ah, if we could only go back in time and make it right.
>
> We recognize that your intentions are well meaning and appreciate your
> concern.  We respectfully disagree that the corals mentioned in your
> communication should be considered for nomination as endangered or
> threatened species.  We do not believe that any of the aforementioned
> taxa of corals could satisfy the criteria of endangered or threatened
> species.   Since we have existing statutes and management regimes that
> are designed to protect corals and reefs, the proposed status would have
> little or no effect o n these resources.
>
>
> Sincerely
>
> Walter C. Jaap Associate Research Scientist Florida Marine Research
> Institute
>
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Feb 26 14:00:20 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA24899; Fri, 26 Feb 1999 14:00:17 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA28160; Fri, 26 Feb 1999 14:02:56 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028145; Fri, 26 Feb 99 14:02:43 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA61378; Fri, 26 Feb 1999 18:11:53 GMT
Received: from ns.psi.calva.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA58927; Fri, 26 Feb 1999 13:11:42 -0500 (EST)
Received: from [154.15.20.73] (ip184.nanterre2.fr.pub-ip.eu.psi.net [154.15.20.184])
	by ns.psi.calva.net (8.8.6/8.8.6) with SMTP id TAA08027;
	Fri, 26 Feb 1999 19:09:42 +0100 (MET)
Date: Fri, 26 Feb 1999 19:09:42 +0100 (MET)
X-Sender: fpl10@pop.calvacom.fr
Message-Id: <v01540b02b2fc9e37e83d@[154.15.20.73]>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
X-Mailer: Eudora F1.5.4
To: Reef Relief <reef@bellsouth.net>, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: fpl10@calva.net (Fabrice POIRAUD-LAMBERT)
Subject: Re: Acropora  palmata discussions/coral nursery
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: fpl10@calva.net (Fabrice POIRAUD-LAMBERT)
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 92
Hi,
Reef Relief Document and Initiative is really interesting according to me,
and I think it should be extended to Maldives and other heavily damaged
reefs : I'm just coming back from Maldives, and it's really incredible =>
95% of coral coverage as been killed and SPS / LPS corals have deseappered
totally in most reefs !
Many colonies has been broken and turned up side down (it happened that I
returned 4 still alive Tabular Acropora in less than 10 minutes), and many
frags are lying in the sand, dying.
SPS and LPS are now very rare in many Maldives Reefs, and I  strongly feel
that Local Professional Divers and volonteers could help in returning
Colonies and  using fragments to re-colonize bleached reefs, If it's not
too late.
Rgds
Fabrice POIRAUD-LAMBERT
-------
>Reef Relief has released the first year report on the Coral Nursery
>Project at Western Sambo Reef in the Florida Keys.  The report outlines
>the efforts to stabilize loose fragments of Acropora plamata onto
>"Acropora rosettes", a design by restoration biologist Harold Hudson, in
>this cooperative project with the Florida Keys National Marine
>Sanctuary.  Storm-damaged fragments of Acropora palmata were secured
>with hydraulic cement onto concrete landscaping pads.
>
>The effort was launched to save Acropora palmata that was becoming
>increasingly rare in Keys waters after substantial damage to populations
>at Western Sambo Reef as a result of the Ground Hog Day Storm of
>February 1998.
>
>The rosettes were not cemented down at first because the plan was to
>move them to a boat grounding site.  As a result, they were damaged
>during Hurricane Georges but quickly re-established by a Reef Relief
>team led by Craig Quirolo.  This time, they were cemented to the ocean
>floor and survived through Tropical Storm Mitch.  Unfortunately,
>Acropora palmata colonies at Western Sambo, Rock Key and other Keys
>reefs suffered substantial losses as a result of these successive
>storms.
>
>REEF RELIEF recommends and encourages the inclusion of all corals in the
>Acropora genus found in the Caribbean Basin for further protection,
>including listing through the U.S. Endangered Species Act. The health
>and abundance of Palmata colonies we have photo-documented in Cuba,
>Jamaica, and Honduras are being compromised as well.
>
>For a copy of the 70-page color report, contact Reef Relief by e-mail,
>telephone (305) 294-3100, fax (305) 293-9515, or write P.O. Box 430, Key
>West, Fl. 33041.
>
>The report is available on our website, located at www.reefrelief.org.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Feb 26 14:32:02 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA26162; Fri, 26 Feb 1999 14:31:58 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA01092; Fri, 26 Feb 1999 14:34:36 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma001065; Fri, 26 Feb 99 14:34:21 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA52260; Fri, 26 Feb 1999 18:46:49 GMT
Received: from MAINE.maine.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA52420; Fri, 26 Feb 1999 13:46:38 -0500 (EST)
Message-Id: <199902261846.NAA52420@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from [130.111.160.26] [130.111.160.26] by MAINE.maine.edu (IBM VM SMTP Level 310) via TCP with SMTP ; Fri, 26 Feb 1999 13:43:12 EST
Subject: Re: Acropora spp., endangered
Date: Fri, 26 Feb 99 13:46:37 -0500
x-mailer: Claris Emailer 1.1
From: Bob Steneck <Steneck@maine.maine.edu>
To: "Walt Jaap STP" <JAAP_W@epic7.dep.state.fl.us>,
        "Coral List" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Bob Steneck <Steneck@maine.maine.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 93
Dear Walt and others,
  Isn't the ultimate result of your argument  that management cannot do
much for coral decline, so why bother?  Or perhaps everything that needs
to be done is being done in Florida so let's be patient.  However, the
idea that we just don't know enough will always be used in all management
issues.  If we cannot make a good case for an Acropora decline throughout
the Caribbean, can we ever hope to make a case to managers or legislators
that will work for other issues?
  I hope you see that I'm not directly disagreeing with anything you have
said.  However working with existing legislation... especially
legislation that has some real 'teeth' as is the case for  Endangered
Species Act, makes sense to me.  It seems to me that endangered species
may become the 'poster-child' for an educational campaign and I see value
in that.  Protection of endangered species translates to protection of
associated species and the entire local system.  For example, the spotted
owl has saved lots of old growth forests.  There are many other examples.
  Finally, is there harm in embracing the concept of Acropora meeting the
definition of an endangered or threatened species?  As far as I can see,
only if the science doesn't support it.  As you know, there are volumes
of studies both qualitative and quantitative that document the Acropora
decline.  There is a sizable literature arguing for the geological and
ecological importance of that genus.  Even if there is evidence that this
genus has fluctuated in the past (I'm not sure yours is a good example...
it suggests the Acropora decline may have begun earlier than we thought),
I don't think that should disqualify it from being considered for E & T
classification.  I also do not think the long-term prognosis for the
species has to be good for inclusion to the list.  I believe everyone
expected the California Condor would go extinct but it was placed on the
list anyway.  I think that species has surprised some pundits.
  Walt - I hope I'm not missing some of your key points as to why there
is no value in placing acroporids on the endangered list.  If I am -
please educate me and everyone else.  If the scientific community sees
general value, there is a slim chance this could happen.  At best, this
is a long-shot that might help protect some reefs.
  Cheers,
  Bob Steneck
>22 February, 1999
>
>Dr. Thomas F. Hourigan
>Marine Biodiversity Coordinator
>Office of Protected Resources, NOAAF/PR
>National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
>National Marine Fisheries Service
>1315 East-West Highway
>Silver Spring, MD 20910
>tom.hourigan@noaa.gov
>
>
>Dear Dr. Hourigan:
>
>I am responding to your internet request about Acropora spp. and other
>Scleractinian species for inclusion as endangered or threatened species.
>We have encountered this option several times from different groups over
>the years; and have looked at the option to see if it was reasonable,
>possible, and would it do a better job protecting corals than the
>existing statutes and management regimes.  We have concluded that it is
>not the best approach for several reasons.
>
>Firstly, to prove that a coral is threatened or at risk throughout the
>Caribbean, Florida, Bahamas, Bermuda, and places in between is  costly,
>time consuming, and might be very difficult to prove the case.
>
>Are corals currently protected from human exploitation by other statutes
>and management regimes?  I would like to think so.  In Florida, we have
>a state statute that protects all Scleractinia, Millepora spp, and
>Gorgonia spp from harvest, being sold in a commercial establishment, and
>from destruction on the sea floor.  This statute has been in effect
>since the mid 1970s.  At the federal level the most extensive coral
>protection is found under the Magnuson Act:  The Gulf of Mexico and
>South Atlantic Fisherie s Councils cosponsored the work that resulted in
>the Coral and Coral Reef Fishery Management Plan.  This plan parallels
>the Florida statute, protecting the Scleractinia, Millepora spp, and
>Gorgonia spp. This management regime was recently incorporated into the
>Essential Fish Habitat Plan by the Fishery Management Councils.
>
>The Department of Interior manages two National Parks (Biscayne and Dry
>Tortugas) in which all corals are protected.  The State of Florida and
>NOAA are the trustees of the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary
>which includes all the reefs outside the National Park boundaries from
>Fowey Rocks to west of Dry Tortugas, again the regulations protect
>corals and reefs.   When anthropogenic events occur, the trustees have
>successfully prosecuted responsible parties or have negotiated effective
>restoration and mon itoring plans on the sites.  Settlements were in the
>range of millions of dollars. Would the endangered species act have
>provided immunity from these anthropogenic disturbances? I do not think
>it would have.
>
>Natural events such as hurricanes, ENSO related bleaching episodes, and
>global warming are still occurring in spite of the efforts that the
>coral protection statutes and management regimes.  Would additional
>protective legislation such as the endangered species program provide
>more protection to the reef resources?  I am skeptical that adding a few
>Scleractinia corals to the endangered and threatened species list would
>be of benefit.
>
>Coral populations are very dynamic.  In the case of Acropora palmata
>(Lamarck, 1816) there is good evidence that it has gone through boom and
>bust dynamics for quite some time.  In 1882, Alexander Agassiz reported
>44 hectares of A. palmata at Dry Tortugas.  In 1982, Gary Davis reported
>that, A. palmata coverage declined to 0.6 hectares, ten years later we
>measured the remnant population and noted little change.  The decline
>was probably caused by hurricanes and other meteorological phenomena.
>
>In retrospect, or as they claim hind sight is perfect, when the debate
>over the Everglades Park boundaries was first debated in the late 1940s,
>Gill Voss told me an initial proposal had all of the Florida Keys with
>the exception of Key West and Marathon included in Everglades National
>Park.  Local politics prevailed and the end result is a highly urbanized
>Florida Keys in which the environmental quality has suffered from user
>abuse.  Ah, if we could only go back in time and make it right.
>
>We recognize that your intentions are well meaning and appreciate your
>concern.  We respectfully disagree that the corals mentioned in your
>communication should be considered for nomination as endangered or
>threatened species.  We do not believe that any of the aforementioned
>taxa of corals could satisfy the criteria of endangered or threatened
>species.   Since we have existing statutes and management regimes that
>are designed to protect corals and reefs, the proposed status would have
>little or no effect o n these resources.
>
>
>Sincerely
>
>Walter C. Jaap Associate Research Scientist Florida Marine Research
>Institute
----------------------------
Robert S. Steneck, Ph.D.
Professor, School of Marine Sciences
University of Maine
Darling Marine Center
Walpole, ME 04573
207 - 563 - 3146 ext. 233
e-mail: Steneck@Maine.EDU
The School of Marine Sciences Web site:
http://www.ume.maine.edu/~marine/marine.html
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Feb 26 16:22:46 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA28558; Fri, 26 Feb 1999 16:22:44 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA08735; Fri, 26 Feb 1999 16:25:54 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma008670; Fri, 26 Feb 99 16:25:01 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA39294; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 14:51:23 GMT
Message-Id: <199902231451.OAA39294@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Mon, 22 Feb 1999 18:37:44 -0500
From: rginsburg@rsmas.miami.edu
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: A must read
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 94
Anyone interested in coral reefs and scientific controversies should read
WHAT IS NATURAL?  by Jan Saap, Oxford University Press, 275 p., 1999,
$30.00   It is a penetrating review of the crown-of-thorns controvery and
more.
Robert Ginsburg
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Feb 26 18:23:32 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id SAA00043; Fri, 26 Feb 1999 18:23:30 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA03653; Fri, 26 Feb 1999 18:26:22 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma003642; Fri, 26 Feb 99 18:26:09 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id WAA01381; Fri, 26 Feb 1999 22:26:11 GMT
Received: from umigw.miami.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA01367; Fri, 26 Feb 1999 17:26:04 -0500 (EST)
Date: Fri, 26 Feb 1999 17:26:04 -0500 (EST)
Message-Id: <199902262226.RAA01367@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: (qmail 11603 invoked from network); 26 Feb 1999 22:24:23 -0000
Received: from aszmant.rsmas.miami.edu (HELO szmant.rsmas.miami.edu) (129.171.104.19)
  by umigw.miami.edu with SMTP; 26 Feb 1999 22:24:23 -0000
X-Sender: szmant@mail.rsmas.miami.edu
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 2.1.2
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
To: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Alina Szmant <aszmant@rsmas.miami.edu>
Subject: Re: Acropora spp., endangered
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Alina Szmant <aszmant@rsmas.miami.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 95
I have read with interest but stayed out of the fray until now, regarding
the listing of Caribbean Acropora species on the endangered species list.
However, the response of CORALations to Walter Jaap's posting made me have
to "speak up" because it mis-interpreted much of Walt's message and made
some rather inane remarks.
1)  The Endangered Species Act is an American piece of legislation that is
not binding in other countries.  Given that most of the range of these
species is outside of US jurisdiction (as opposed to the spotted owl or some
such beast), inclusion of the Acropora's on the endangered  list won't make
all that much difference except to prevent importation of dead skeletons of
the corals from places like the Dominican Republic with I think still allow
harvesting and export.  Harvesting of corals and dredging of coral reef
habitat is not allowed in any of the US waters.
2)  Walt didn't make the requirements up:  the Endangered Species Act has
some very specific criteria that need to be met in order to justify a
species to be included on the list, not just a few people claiming that the
"sky is falling" for the Acropora's.  While I agree that in SOME locations
there have been dramatic decreases in the abundance of these species, in
OTHERS they seem to be doing fine, and in fact I've seen some hugh patches
of recent Acropora palmata and cervicornis recruitment on the South coast of
Puerto Rico that would refute that the species is endangered as defined by
the Act.  Matter of fact, until Hurricane Georges came along Sept of '98 we
had some very healthy and fast growing patches of A. palmata here in the
Upper Fla Keys, that were vigorous spawners  and much evidence of
recruitment, again refuting that the species is truly endangered.  I do not
know how they will recover from the hurricane and the severe state of
bleaching they were in at the time the hurricane struck, and they may not
recover fully here on Florida reefs immediately or even after a long
time...I don't have a cristal ball... but, as Walt pointed out, until we
really have the DATA that demonstrates that the specific species (a) is
below reproductive/recuitment capacity in ALL it's range (and I just heard
last night about great healthy stands of it in several places in the
Bahamas), then they won't meet the specific guidelines to be designated as
endangered species.  In my opinion, based on what I've seen, theyt are not.
3)  Walt never stated that CORAL REEFS shouldn't be protected, nor that
water quality problems should be ignored, nor any of the other snotty
comments in the CORALations message.  He simply pointed out that there are
numerous other routes and regulations in place other than the  ESA than
should be used, and in some places are being used, to protect CORAL REEF
ecosystems, which in the process protect all coral species not just a
favorite few..
Alina Szmant
   At 12:18 PM 2/26/99 -0400, you wrote:
>Dear Mr. Jaap:
>
>You wrote:   " We do not believe that any of the aforementioned taxa of
>corals could satisfy the criteria of endangered or threatened species."
>
>Can someone discuss this criteria or possibly scan and post?  How does this
>designation differ from appendix II listing?
>
>You wrote:  "Firstly, to prove that a coral is threatened or at risk
>throughout the Caribbean, Florida, Bahamas, Bermuda, and places in between
>is  costly, time consuming, and might be very difficult to prove the case."
>
>Does this mean there is no data backing compliance to ES criteria for the
>taxa listed? I was under the impression that this discussion originated
>based on evidence which suggests they fit the criteria. Are reefs
>considered "shared resources" in these regions with respect to such
>legislation? Would, for example,  a disease diagnosed in one region
>resulting in extensive mortality of a species of coral be enough of a cause
>for concern to protect the same species in other regions given that these
>diseases are distributed by currents, or are you saying extensive
>monitoring is required in each specific region?  In other words, at this
>point in time, how much investigation actually needs to be done in order to
>see if criteria are met and to what regions would the protection apply?
>
>You wrote: "Are corals currently protected from human exploitation by other
>statutes
>and management regimes?  I would like to think so."
>
>I would like to think so too. Unfortunately, don't corals continue to
>decline in large part due to anthropogenic stressors? The big picture is we
>don't seem to be "managing" our selves very well.  We can't even manage
>trade, let alone less direct impacts from run off etc.... Look, for
>example, at the large black coral galleries on St. Thomas, Cayman and Las
>Vegas.  There's a two page magazine add that reads like a documentary in
>American Skies, the American Eagle magazine promoting this "art." How are
>permits allocated for such exploitation with so little knowledge about the
>"protected" species?  In St. Thomas, the existence of this well publicized
>gallery has encourage neighboring shops to engage in the trade. Many
>fishermen in the DR are risking their lives to harvest this coral.
>My only concern about using endangered species act to protect coral is that
>the response to the question you posed: "Are corals currently protected
>from human exploitation by other statutes and management regimes?  would be
>answered  as casually with "I would like to think so, they're considered
>endangered species."
>
>You wrote: "Would the endangered species act have provided immunity from
>these anthropogenic disturbances?    Although, I believe you are
>specifically referring to groundings when you discuss "anthropogenic
>events" what about development related stress?   Has the endangered species
>act been used to stop development? With respect to groundings, could the
>endangered species act be used to create legislation which diverts tanker
>traffic away from sensitive coral reef areas, minimizing future groundings
>and tanker related accidents? Has endangered species act ever been used to
>improve water quality?
>
>You wrote: "Natural events such as hurricanes, ENSO related bleaching
>episodes, and global warming are still occurring in spite of the efforts
>that the
> coral protection statutes and management regimes. Would additional
> protective legislation such as the endangered species program provide
> more protection to the reef resources?  "
>
>I believe the answer to this depends on the proposed protective
>legislation. We should be using past management failures to discuss
>additional protective legislation.   With regard to the endangered species
>act, I would think we can use this as another tool to minimize additional
>anthropogenic stress to protected corals from proposed development and
>water quality issues.   Your "natural events" argument  better defends why
>we should do more....not eliminate a legislative avenue that already
>exists.
>
> You wrote:   Coral populations are very dynamic.  In the case of Acropora
>palmata
>(Lamarck, 1816) there is good evidence that it has gone through boom and
> bust dynamics for quite some time.
>
>Are you suggesting that no anthropogenic stressors are currently
>contributing to the decline of this species?
>
>	I respect you for posting your arguments to the web for discussion. I also
>have concerns about the effectiveness of the endangered species act to
>protect corals.  To many people, corals are just rocks, or rocks with
>worms.  However, unlike you, I see this as a cause for concern to open
>discussion about more aggressive comprehensive legislation,  not grounds
>for abandonment of laws currently on the books.  Other listers have
>commented that by protecting one species of coral others will benefit.  In
>my opinion, the strongest argument you present is cost - benefit.
>However, I feel your cost-benefit argument fails if a substantial amount of
>data  exists which can be used to demonstrate compliance with ES criteria
>and other corals benefit by proximity to the species being listed.
>
>Sincerely,
>
>Mary Ann Lucking
>Project Coordinator
>CORALations
>Amapola 14, Suite 901
>Isla Verde, PR 00979
>phone/fax: 787-791-7372
>corals@caribe.net
>
>> From: Walt Jaap STP <JAAP_W@epic7.dep.state.fl.us>
>> To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
>> Subject: Acropora spp., endangered
>> Date: Friday, February 26, 1999 6:07 AM
>>
>> [Moderator's note: this letter to Tom Hourigan from Walt Jaap was
>> reprinted with permission from Walt for the purpose of encouraging
>> discussion and contrasting or complementary viewpoints.]
>>
>>
>> 22 February, 1999
>>
>> Dr. Thomas F. Hourigan
>> Marine Biodiversity Coordinator
>> Office of Protected Resources, NOAAF/PR
>> National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
>> National Marine Fisheries Service
>> 1315 East-West Highway
>> Silver Spring, MD 20910
>> tom.hourigan@noaa.gov
>>
>>
>> Dear Dr. Hourigan:
>>
>> I am responding to your internet request about Acropora spp. and other
>> Scleractinian species for inclusion as endangered or threatened species.
>> We have encountered this option several times from different groups over
>> the years; and have looked at the option to see if it was reasonable,
>> possible, and would it do a better job protecting corals than the
>> existing statutes and management regimes.  We have concluded that it is
>> not the best approach for several reasons.
>>
>> Firstly, to prove that a coral is threatened or at risk throughout the
>> Caribbean, Florida, Bahamas, Bermuda, and places in between is  costly,
>> time consuming, and might be very difficult to prove the case.
>>
>> Are corals currently protected from human exploitation by other statutes
>> and management regimes?  I would like to think so.  In Florida, we have
>> a state statute that protects all Scleractinia, Millepora spp, and
>> Gorgonia spp from harvest, being sold in a commercial establishment, and
>> from destruction on the sea floor.  This statute has been in effect
>> since the mid 1970s.  At the federal level the most extensive coral
>> protection is found under the Magnuson Act:  The Gulf of Mexico and
>> South Atlantic Fisherie s Councils cosponsored the work that resulted in
>> the Coral and Coral Reef Fishery Management Plan.  This plan parallels
>> the Florida statute, protecting the Scleractinia, Millepora spp, and
>> Gorgonia spp. This management regime was recently incorporated into the
>> Essential Fish Habitat Plan by the Fishery Management Councils.
>>
>> The Department of Interior manages two National Parks (Biscayne and Dry
>> Tortugas) in which all corals are protected.  The State of Florida and
>> NOAA are the trustees of the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary
>> which includes all the reefs outside the National Park boundaries from
>> Fowey Rocks to west of Dry Tortugas, again the regulations protect
>> corals and reefs.   When anthropogenic events occur, the trustees have
>> successfully prosecuted responsible parties or have negotiated effective
>> restoration and mon itoring plans on the sites.  Settlements were in the
>> range of millions of dollars. Would the endangered species act have
>> provided immunity from these anthropogenic disturbances? I do not think
>> it would have.
>>
>> Natural events such as hurricanes, ENSO related bleaching episodes, and
>> global warming are still occurring in spite of the efforts that the
>> coral protection statutes and management regimes.  Would additional
>> protective legislation such as the endangered species program provide
>> more protection to the reef resources?  I am skeptical that adding a few
>> Scleractinia corals to the endangered and threatened species list would
>> be of benefit.
>>
>> Coral populations are very dynamic.  In the case of Acropora palmata
>> (Lamarck, 1816) there is good evidence that it has gone through boom and
>> bust dynamics for quite some time.  In 1882, Alexander Agassiz reported
>> 44 hectares of A. palmata at Dry Tortugas.  In 1982, Gary Davis reported
>> that, A. palmata coverage declined to 0.6 hectares, ten years later we
>> measured the remnant population and noted little change.  The decline
>> was probably caused by hurricanes and other meteorological phenomena.
>>
>> In retrospect, or as they claim hind sight is perfect, when the debate
>> over the Everglades Park boundaries was first debated in the late 1940s,
>> Gill Voss told me an initial proposal had all of the Florida Keys with
>> the exception of Key West and Marathon included in Everglades National
>> Park.  Local politics prevailed and the end result is a highly urbanized
>> Florida Keys in which the environmental quality has suffered from user
>> abuse.  Ah, if we could only go back in time and make it right.
>>
>> We recognize that your intentions are well meaning and appreciate your
>> concern.  We respectfully disagree that the corals mentioned in your
>> communication should be considered for nomination as endangered or
>> threatened species.  We do not believe that any of the aforementioned
>> taxa of corals could satisfy the criteria of endangered or threatened
>> species.   Since we have existing statutes and management regimes that
>> are designed to protect corals and reefs, the proposed status would have
>> little or no effect o n these resources.
>>
>>
>> Sincerely
>>
>> Walter C. Jaap Associate Research Scientist Florida Marine Research
>> Institute
>>
>>
>
>
**********************************************
Dr. Alina M. Szmant
Coral Reef Research Group
RSMAS-MBF
University of Miami
4600 Rickenbacker Cswy.
Miami FL 33149
TEL: (305)361-4609
FAX: (305)361-4600 or 361-4005
E-mail:  ASZMANT@RSMAS.MIAMI.EDU
**********************************************
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Feb 26 20:36:49 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id UAA00829; Fri, 26 Feb 1999 20:36:48 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA06873; Fri, 26 Feb 1999 20:39:58 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma006865; Fri, 26 Feb 99 20:39:34 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id AAA01941; Sat, 27 Feb 1999 00:30:31 GMT
Received: from mail.caribe.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id TAA01931; Fri, 26 Feb 1999 19:30:24 -0500 (EST)
Received: from default (ppp77.197dip.netdial.caribe.net [209.91.197.77])
	by mail.caribe.net (8.9.0/8.9.0) with ESMTP id UAA18220;
	Fri, 26 Feb 1999 20:31:30 -0400 (AST)
Message-Id: <199902270031.UAA18220@mail.caribe.net>
From: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
To: "Coral-List" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>,
        "Alina Szmant" <aszmant@rsmas.miami.edu>
Subject: Re: Acropora spp., endangered
Date: Fri, 26 Feb 1999 20:26:13 -0400
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Priority: 3
X-Mailer: Microsoft Internet Mail 4.70.1155
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 96
Dear Alina Szmant and Listers:
I'm sorry if you or anyone perceived my comments about Mr. Jaap's letter as
"snotty".  I don't know Walt Jaap...and meant nothing personal. I certainly
apologize to him if he percieved my comments as an attack. It was not meant
that way. His letter was posted with intent to foster discussions and I
discussed. I would offer to buy you and Walt an apologetic beer at the next
conference we mutually attend, but am afraid all the listers will start
hurling insults just to try and cash in on my guilt reflex!
In my own defense...the quotes I commented on were directly taken from Mr.
Jaap's letter specifically to avoid misinterpretations! Endangered Species
Act is also binding in Puerto Rico and USVI's where, as you stated, there
are still living stands of a. palmata. There are also many large dead a.
palmata reefs.  If this species was listed as Endangered we may be able to
use this listing as a tool to protect reefs like the one you visited from
some monstrously ecologically insensitive development. These developments
are clearly not endangered.
This may also prove a useful tool in the fight for better water quality.
I never implied Walt "made" any Endangered Speicies criteria up. This
is unfair.
You make the comment these species don't fit the Endangered Species
criteria based on recruitment and I thank you for listing that criteria.. I
think defending his points in relation to this criteria would have made
Walt's letter stronger. this is just my opinion.     Those questions I
asked about endangered species act were not meant sarcastically....I was
honestly interested in obtaining more information.
 You wrote: "(a) is  below reproductive/recuitment capacity in ALL it's
range (and I just heard last night about great healthy stands of it in
several places in the
 Bahamas), then they won't meet the specific guidelines to be designated as
 endangered species.  In my opinion, based on what I've seen, theyt are
not."
Could you or someone from this list define "below reproductive/recruitment
capacity" and how a healthy stand may indicate this species does not
qualify under this criteria.   Does a healthy stand automatically imply new
new recruits?  How is this evaluated?    Does this mean that as long as
there are healthy stands they will never qualify???    (These are honest
questions...not
meant snotty. I am trying to learn here! )
Again, very sorry for any misunderstandings,
Sincerely,
Mary Ann Lucking
Project Coordinator
CORALations
Amapola 14, Suite 901
Isla Verde, PR 00979
phone/fax: 787-791-7372
corals@caribe.net
----------
> From: Alina Szmant <aszmant@rsmas.miami.edu>
> To: CORALations <corals@caribe.net>; coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
> Subject: Re: Acropora spp., endangered
> Date: Friday, February 26, 1999 6:27 PM
>
> I have read with interest but stayed out of the fray until now, regarding
> the listing of Caribbean Acropora species on the endangered species list.
> However, the response of CORALations to Walter Jaap's posting made me
have
> to "speak up" because it mis-interpreted much of Walt's message and made
> some rather inane remarks.
>
> 1)  The Endangered Species Act is an American piece of legislation that
is
> not binding in other countries.  Given that most of the range of these
> species is outside of US jurisdiction (as opposed to the spotted owl or
some
> such beast), inclusion of the Acropora's on the endangered  list won't
make
> all that much difference except to prevent importation of dead skeletons
of
> the corals from places like the Dominican Republic with I think still
allow
> harvesting and export.  Harvesting of corals and dredging of coral reef
> habitat is not allowed in any of the US waters.
>
> 2)  Walt didn't make the requirements up:  the Endangered Species Act has
> some very specific criteria that need to be met in order to justify a
> species to be included on the list, not just a few people claiming that
the
> "sky is falling" for the Acropora's.  While I agree that in SOME
locations
> there have been dramatic decreases in the abundance of these species, in
> OTHERS they seem to be doing fine, and in fact I've seen some hugh
patches
> of recent Acropora palmata and cervicornis recruitment on the South coast
of
> Puerto Rico that would refute that the species is endangered as defined
by
> the Act.  Matter of fact, until Hurricane Georges came along Sept of '98
we
> had some very healthy and fast growing patches of A. palmata here in the
> Upper Fla Keys, that were vigorous spawners  and much evidence of
> recruitment, again refuting that the species is truly endangered.  I do
not
> know how they will recover from the hurricane and the severe state of
> bleaching they were in at the time the hurricane struck, and they may not
> recover fully here on Florida reefs immediately or even after a long
> time...I don't have a cristal ball... but, as Walt pointed out, until we
> really have the DATA that demonstrates that the specific species (a) is
> below reproductive/recuitment capacity in ALL it's range (and I just
heard
> last night about great healthy stands of it in several places in the
> Bahamas), then they won't meet the specific guidelines to be designated
as
> endangered species.  In my opinion, based on what I've seen, theyt are
not.
>
> 3)  Walt never stated that CORAL REEFS shouldn't be protected, nor that
> water quality problems should be ignored, nor any of the other snotty
> comments in the CORALations message.  He simply pointed out that there
are
> numerous other routes and regulations in place other than the  ESA than
> should be used, and in some places are being used, to protect CORAL REEF
> ecosystems, which in the process protect all coral species not just a
> favorite few..
>
> Alina Szmant
>
>    At 12:18 PM 2/26/99 -0400, you wrote:
> >Dear Mr. Jaap:
> >
> >You wrote:   " We do not believe that any of the aforementioned taxa of
> >corals could satisfy the criteria of endangered or threatened species."
> >
> >Can someone discuss this criteria or possibly scan and post?  How does
this
> >designation differ from appendix II listing?
> >
> >You wrote:  "Firstly, to prove that a coral is threatened or at risk
> >throughout the Caribbean, Florida, Bahamas, Bermuda, and places in
between
> >is  costly, time consuming, and might be very difficult to prove the
case."
> >
> >Does this mean there is no data backing compliance to ES criteria for
the
> >taxa listed? I was under the impression that this discussion originated
> >based on evidence which suggests they fit the criteria. Are reefs
> >considered "shared resources" in these regions with respect to such
> >legislation? Would, for example,  a disease diagnosed in one region
> >resulting in extensive mortality of a species of coral be enough of a
cause
> >for concern to protect the same species in other regions given that
these
> >diseases are distributed by currents, or are you saying extensive
> >monitoring is required in each specific region?  In other words, at this
> >point in time, how much investigation actually needs to be done in order
to
> >see if criteria are met and to what regions would the protection apply?
> >
> >You wrote: "Are corals currently protected from human exploitation by
other
> >statutes
> >and management regimes?  I would like to think so."
> >
> >I would like to think so too. Unfortunately, don't corals continue to
> >decline in large part due to anthropogenic stressors? The big picture is
we
> >don't seem to be "managing" our selves very well.  We can't even manage
> >trade, let alone less direct impacts from run off etc.... Look, for
> >example, at the large black coral galleries on St. Thomas, Cayman and
Las
> >Vegas.  There's a two page magazine add that reads like a documentary in
> >American Skies, the American Eagle magazine promoting this "art." How
are
> >permits allocated for such exploitation with so little knowledge about
the
> >"protected" species?  In St. Thomas, the existence of this well
publicized
> >gallery has encourage neighboring shops to engage in the trade. Many
> >fishermen in the DR are risking their lives to harvest this coral.
> >My only concern about using endangered species act to protect coral is
that
> >the response to the question you posed: "Are corals currently protected
> >from human exploitation by other statutes and management regimes?  would
be
> >answered  as casually with "I would like to think so, they're considered
> >endangered species."
> >
> >You wrote: "Would the endangered species act have provided immunity from
> >these anthropogenic disturbances?    Although, I believe you are
> >specifically referring to groundings when you discuss "anthropogenic
> >events" what about development related stress?   Has the endangered
species
> >act been used to stop development? With respect to groundings, could the
> >endangered species act be used to create legislation which diverts
tanker
> >traffic away from sensitive coral reef areas, minimizing future
groundings
> >and tanker related accidents? Has endangered species act ever been used
to
> >improve water quality?
> >
> >You wrote: "Natural events such as hurricanes, ENSO related bleaching
> >episodes, and global warming are still occurring in spite of the efforts
> >that the
> > coral protection statutes and management regimes. Would additional
> > protective legislation such as the endangered species program provide
> > more protection to the reef resources?  "
> >
> >I believe the answer to this depends on the proposed protective
> >legislation. We should be using past management failures to discuss
> >additional protective legislation.   With regard to the endangered
species
> >act, I would think we can use this as another tool to minimize
additional
> >anthropogenic stress to protected corals from proposed development and
> >water quality issues.   Your "natural events" argument  better defends
why
> >we should do more....not eliminate a legislative avenue that already
> >exists.
> >
> > You wrote:   Coral populations are very dynamic.  In the case of
Acropora
> >palmata
> >(Lamarck, 1816) there is good evidence that it has gone through boom and
> > bust dynamics for quite some time.
> >
> >Are you suggesting that no anthropogenic stressors are currently
> >contributing to the decline of this species?
> >
> >	I respect you for posting your arguments to the web for discussion. I
also
> >have concerns about the effectiveness of the endangered species act to
> >protect corals.  To many people, corals are just rocks, or rocks with
> >worms.  However, unlike you, I see this as a cause for concern to open
> >discussion about more aggressive comprehensive legislation,  not grounds
> >for abandonment of laws currently on the books.  Other listers have
> >commented that by protecting one species of coral others will benefit.
In
> >my opinion, the strongest argument you present is cost - benefit.
> >However, I feel your cost-benefit argument fails if a substantial amount
of
> >data  exists which can be used to demonstrate compliance with ES
criteria
> >and other corals benefit by proximity to the species being listed.
> >
> >Sincerely,
> >
> >Mary Ann Lucking
> >Project Coordinator
> >CORALations
> >Amapola 14, Suite 901
> >Isla Verde, PR 00979
> >phone/fax: 787-791-7372
> >corals@caribe.net
> >
> >> From: Walt Jaap STP <JAAP_W@epic7.dep.state.fl.us>
> >> To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
> >> Subject: Acropora spp., endangered
> >> Date: Friday, February 26, 1999 6:07 AM
> >>
> >> [Moderator's note: this letter to Tom Hourigan from Walt Jaap was
> >> reprinted with permission from Walt for the purpose of encouraging
> >> discussion and contrasting or complementary viewpoints.]
> >>
> >>
> >> 22 February, 1999
> >>
> >> Dr. Thomas F. Hourigan
> >> Marine Biodiversity Coordinator
> >> Office of Protected Resources, NOAAF/PR
> >> National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
> >> National Marine Fisheries Service
> >> 1315 East-West Highway
> >> Silver Spring, MD 20910
> >> tom.hourigan@noaa.gov
> >>
> >>
> >> Dear Dr. Hourigan:
> >>
> >> I am responding to your internet request about Acropora spp. and other
> >> Scleractinian species for inclusion as endangered or threatened
species.
> >> We have encountered this option several times from different groups
over
> >> the years; and have looked at the option to see if it was reasonable,
> >> possible, and would it do a better job protecting corals than the
> >> existing statutes and management regimes.  We have concluded that it
is
> >> not the best approach for several reasons.
> >>
> >> Firstly, to prove that a coral is threatened or at risk throughout the
> >> Caribbean, Florida, Bahamas, Bermuda, and places in between is
costly,
> >> time consuming, and might be very difficult to prove the case.
> >>
> >> Are corals currently protected from human exploitation by other
statutes
> >> and management regimes?  I would like to think so.  In Florida, we
have
> >> a state statute that protects all Scleractinia, Millepora spp, and
> >> Gorgonia spp from harvest, being sold in a commercial establishment,
and
> >> from destruction on the sea floor.  This statute has been in effect
> >> since the mid 1970s.  At the federal level the most extensive coral
> >> protection is found under the Magnuson Act:  The Gulf of Mexico and
> >> South Atlantic Fisherie s Councils cosponsored the work that resulted
in
> >> the Coral and Coral Reef Fishery Management Plan.  This plan parallels
> >> the Florida statute, protecting the Scleractinia, Millepora spp, and
> >> Gorgonia spp. This management regime was recently incorporated into
the
> >> Essential Fish Habitat Plan by the Fishery Management Councils.
> >>
> >> The Department of Interior manages two National Parks (Biscayne and
Dry
> >> Tortugas) in which all corals are protected.  The State of Florida and
> >> NOAA are the trustees of the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary
> >> which includes all the reefs outside the National Park boundaries from
> >> Fowey Rocks to west of Dry Tortugas, again the regulations protect
> >> corals and reefs.   When anthropogenic events occur, the trustees have
> >> successfully prosecuted responsible parties or have negotiated
effective
> >> restoration and mon itoring plans on the sites.  Settlements were in
the
> >> range of millions of dollars. Would the endangered species act have
> >> provided immunity from these anthropogenic disturbances? I do not
think
> >> it would have.
> >>
> >> Natural events such as hurricanes, ENSO related bleaching episodes,
and
> >> global warming are still occurring in spite of the efforts that the
> >> coral protection statutes and management regimes.  Would additional
> >> protective legislation such as the endangered species program provide
> >> more protection to the reef resources?  I am skeptical that adding a
few
> >> Scleractinia corals to the endangered and threatened species list
would
> >> be of benefit.
> >>
> >> Coral populations are very dynamic.  In the case of Acropora palmata
> >> (Lamarck, 1816) there is good evidence that it has gone through boom
and
> >> bust dynamics for quite some time.  In 1882, Alexander Agassiz
reported
> >> 44 hectares of A. palmata at Dry Tortugas.  In 1982, Gary Davis
reported
> >> that, A. palmata coverage declined to 0.6 hectares, ten years later we
> >> measured the remnant population and noted little change.  The decline
> >> was probably caused by hurricanes and other meteorological phenomena.
> >>
> >> In retrospect, or as they claim hind sight is perfect, when the debate
> >> over the Everglades Park boundaries was first debated in the late
1940s,
> >> Gill Voss told me an initial proposal had all of the Florida Keys with
> >> the exception of Key West and Marathon included in Everglades National
> >> Park.  Local politics prevailed and the end result is a highly
urbanized
> >> Florida Keys in which the environmental quality has suffered from user
> >> abuse.  Ah, if we could only go back in time and make it right.
> >>
> >> We recognize that your intentions are well meaning and appreciate your
> >> concern.  We respectfully disagree that the corals mentioned in your
> >> communication should be considered for nomination as endangered or
> >> threatened species.  We do not believe that any of the aforementioned
> >> taxa of corals could satisfy the criteria of endangered or threatened
> >> species.   Since we have existing statutes and management regimes that
> >> are designed to protect corals and reefs, the proposed status would
have
> >> little or no effect o n these resources.
> >>
> >>
> >> Sincerely
> >>
> >> Walter C. Jaap Associate Research Scientist Florida Marine Research
> >> Institute
> >>
> >>
> >
> >
> **********************************************
> Dr. Alina M. Szmant
> Coral Reef Research Group
> RSMAS-MBF
> University of Miami
> 4600 Rickenbacker Cswy.
> Miami FL 33149
>
> TEL: (305)361-4609
> FAX: (305)361-4600 or 361-4005
> E-mail:  ASZMANT@RSMAS.MIAMI.EDU
> **********************************************
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Feb 28 00:41:00 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id AAA06495; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 00:40:58 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id AAA28751; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 00:43:50 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028742; Sun, 28 Feb 99 00:43:27 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id EAA09021; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 04:39:15 GMT
Received: from relay1.Hawaii.Edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id XAA09014; Sat, 27 Feb 1999 23:39:07 -0500 (EST)
Received: from uhunix1.its.hawaii.edu ([128.171.44.6]) by relay1.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <150825(2)>; Sat, 27 Feb 1999 18:37:22 -1000
Received: from localhost by uhunix1.its.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <135672(8)>; Sat, 27 Feb 1999 18:37:11 -1000
Date: 	Sat, 27 Feb 1999 18:37:09 -1000
From: "J. Charles Delbeek" <delbeek@hawaii.edu>
X-Sender: delbeek@uhunix1
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Acropora spp., endangered
In-Reply-To: <199902262226.RAA01367@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Message-ID: <Pine.GSO.4.05.9902271828140.3077-100000@uhunix1>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "J. Charles Delbeek" <delbeek@hawaii.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 97
I too am somewhat confused as to what additional protection placing
Acroporids on the ESA will accimplish that is not already being covered.
Could someone who is supporting this idea please outline the additional
protection thus afforded and how this is of benefit compared to
legislation already in place?
I am also perplexed as to how the ESA will protect corals from natural
disasters such as hurricanes, or from other affects attributed to coral
bleaching i.e. increased surface temperatures?
It is somewhat ironic that while many consider Acroporid species
"endangered" in Florida, current legislation makes it extremely difficult
to obtain collection permits to maintain and cultivate these species in
captivity.
J. Charles Delbeek M.Sc.
Aquarium Biologist
Waikiki Aquarium
University of Hawaii
"The fact that my physiology differs from yours pleases me to no end."
Mr. Spock
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Feb 28 00:41:02 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id AAA06509; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 00:40:59 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id AAA28753; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 00:43:50 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028743; Sun, 28 Feb 99 00:43:38 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id EAA09039; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 04:46:36 GMT
Received: from relay1.Hawaii.Edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id XAA09045; Sat, 27 Feb 1999 23:46:30 -0500 (EST)
Received: from uhunix1.its.hawaii.edu ([128.171.44.6]) by relay1.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <150968(9)>; Sat, 27 Feb 1999 18:44:43 -1000
Received: from localhost by uhunix1.its.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <135716(1)>; Sat, 27 Feb 1999 18:44:37 -1000
Date: 	Sat, 27 Feb 1999 18:44:34 -1000
From: "J. Charles Delbeek" <delbeek@hawaii.edu>
X-Sender: delbeek@uhunix1
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Acropora spp., endangered
In-Reply-To: <199902270031.UAA18220@mail.caribe.net>
Message-ID: <Pine.GSO.4.05.9902271841130.3077-100000@uhunix1>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "J. Charles Delbeek" <delbeek@hawaii.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 98
Mary Ann's questions bring up an interesting dilemna I think. How does one
go about measuring recruitment fitness for a potential ESA listing when
said organism releases billions of gametes? Was the ESA ever designed to
deal with such a fecund organism or was it more for the "warm and fuzzies"
than the image challenged?
J. Charles Delbeek M.Sc.
Aquarium Biologist
Waikiki Aquarium
University of Hawaii
"The fact that my physiology differs from yours pleases me to no end."
Mr. Spock
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Feb 28 04:23:25 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id EAA07142; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 04:23:23 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id EAA01778; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 04:26:36 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma001768; Sun, 28 Feb 99 04:26:14 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id IAA09934; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 08:45:51 GMT
Received: from mail.caribe.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id DAA10027; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 03:45:40 -0500 (EST)
Received: from default (ppp11.197dip.netdial.caribe.net [209.91.197.11])
	by mail.caribe.net (8.9.0/8.9.0) with ESMTP id EAA05791;
	Sun, 28 Feb 1999 04:46:48 -0400 (AST)
Message-Id: <199902280846.EAA05791@mail.caribe.net>
From: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
To: "J. Charles Delbeek" <delbeek@hawaii.edu>,
        <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Re: Acropora spp., endangered
Date: Sun, 28 Feb 1999 04:41:21 -0400
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Priority: 3
X-Mailer: Microsoft Internet Mail 4.70.1155
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 99
I've been considering this and listed some examples:
I previously stated how this could be a useful tool to stop a development
which may impact offshore areas where the listed species is found, or
possibly be used to push legislation for stricter clean water
standards...and since posting these comments, have come up with a number of
other things. Endangered Species Act loses its "warm and fuzzy" aspects in
court*, during public hearings...when commenting on Environmental Impact
Statements for developments, when pushing for protective legislation which
can protect spawning grounds etc....Federal courts pay attention to
Endangered Species Act.
I don't think any one would challenge your comment that ESA , or any "coral
reef" legislation would be effective at protecting corals from natural
disasters...but if it can be used to minimize anthropogenic impacts,
wouldn't it help reef damaged by such disasters recover?
I think captive propogation of corals may also prove useful...to an
extent...if well managed. However, good management means restrictions. It
should be difficult to obtain a permit for collection in a species that as
you wrote many seem to consider "endangered".   Collection should also be
one of the easiest anthropogenic stresses to control...but I have doubts as
to if even this protective legislation is effective. Not to say it should
be thrown out....Just to say we should take inventory of what management
works and does not work ........and discuss topics like this.
Why not list? Do we have the data to support?  What does recruitement
capacity mean?
(*.....hope I don't sound mean..comments not meant that way)
----------
> From: J. Charles Delbeek <delbeek@hawaii.edu>
> To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
> Subject: Re: Acropora spp., endangered
> Date: Sunday, February 28, 1999 12:37 AM
>
> I too am somewhat confused as to what additional protection placing
> Acroporids on the ESA will accimplish that is not already being covered.
> Could someone who is supporting this idea please outline the additional
> protection thus afforded and how this is of benefit compared to
> legislation already in place?
>
> I am also perplexed as to how the ESA will protect corals from natural
> disasters such as hurricanes, or from other affects attributed to coral
> bleaching i.e. increased surface temperatures?
>
> It is somewhat ironic that while many consider Acroporid species
> "endangered" in Florida, current legislation makes it extremely difficult
> to obtain collection permits to maintain and cultivate these species in
> captivity.
>
> J. Charles Delbeek M.Sc.
>
> Aquarium Biologist
> Waikiki Aquarium
> University of Hawaii
>
> "The fact that my physiology differs from yours pleases me to no end."
> Mr. Spock
>
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Feb 28 09:02:22 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA07902; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 09:02:20 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA04454; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 09:05:32 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma004443; Sun, 28 Feb 99 09:05:04 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA11244; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 13:24:41 GMT
Received: from soli.inav.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id IAA11281; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 08:24:36 -0500 (EST)
Received: from x7k2x2 (dip209.inav.net [205.160.208.79]) by soli.inav.net (8.8.7/8.6.12) with SMTP id HAA24604 for <coral-list@reef.aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 07:22:53 -0600
Message-Id: <3.0.1.32.19990228072524.00841de0@soli.inav.net>
X-Sender: osha@soli.inav.net
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0.1 (32)
Date: Sun, 28 Feb 1999 07:25:24 -0600
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Osha Gray Davidson <osha@pobox.com>
Subject: Virus file: Happy99.exe
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Osha Gray Davidson <osha@pobox.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 100
An attached file called Happy99.exe was just sent to this list. I'm pretty
sure it contains a computer virus. A like-named file was just received on
another list and infected some computers. The file Happy99.exe is a
program. As I understand it, no harm is done unless you open (or run) the
program itself. Deleting the file itself (not simply the E-mail message it
rode in on) gets rid of the problem.
The file came on a message from "CORALations" bearing the subject line:
"RE: Acropora spp., endangered," dated 2/28/99. Please note that this
information is just to help you find the virus-bearing file and not to
place blame on CORALations, who, I'm sure, didn't know this file containted
a virus.
Cheers,
Osha
Osha Gray Davidson
14 South Governor St.
Iowa City, IA 52240 USA
Ph: 319-338-4778
Fax: 319-338-8606
osha@pobox.com
Scholar Affiliate, University of Iowa
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Feb 28 11:48:26 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA08562; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 11:48:24 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA06350; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 11:51:03 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma006342; Sun, 28 Feb 99 11:50:32 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA12010; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 15:41:29 GMT
Received: from relay1.bu.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA11990; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 10:41:23 -0500 (EST)
Received: from PPP-75-9.BU.EDU (ppp-87-29.bu.edu [128.197.8.241]) by relay1.bu.edu ((8.8.8.buoit.b5.ACS)/) with SMTP id KAA26984; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 10:39:37 -0500
Message-Id: <3.0.1.16.19990228110613.37f76a4c@acs-mail.bu.edu>
X-Sender: warrior@acs-mail.bu.edu
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.1 (16)
Date: Sun, 28 Feb 1999 11:06:13
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, lesk@bio.bu.edu
From: "Jamie D. Bechtel" <warrior@bu.edu>
Subject: Acropora spp., endangered -legal background
In-Reply-To: <199902280846.EAA05791@mail.caribe.net>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Jamie D. Bechtel" <warrior@bu.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 101
hello all - i have been following the debate with some interest and thought
some background information may be helpful.  there is an excellent article
discussing the role of science in the listing of endangered species.
Bogert, Laurence Michael "That's my story and i'm sticking to it: is the
best available science any available science under the endangered species
act." 31 Idaho Law Review 85 (1994).
despite some recent flexibility mechanisms built into the ESA, it remains a
strong legislative tool. the endangered species act (ESA) is unique in
terms of environmental legislation in that it contains a flat, substanative
prohibition. weighing heavily in favor of the application of the endangered
species act is the fact that, beyond a shadow of doubt, congress intended
to grant high priority status to endangered species.  consequently, the ESA
remains a strong legislative tool and is upheld uniformily and consistently
in district courts.
Sec. 7 of the ESA supplies much of the force of the ESA in  "insur[ing]
that actions authorized, funded, or carried out by [federal deptarments and
agencies] do not jeapardize the continued existence of such endangered
species and threatended species or result in the destruction or
modification of habitat of such species which is determined by the
Secretary, after consultation as appropriate with the affected States, to
be critical".
in short, if a project will cause harm to an endangered species, that
project can likely be brought to a relatively quick halt.
1n 1995, sec 9 (regarding illegal taking species w/i the US and the
territorial sea) of the ESA won its day in court.  the supreme court
allowed the definition of "harm" to include "significant habitat
modification or degradation where it actually kills or injures wildlife by
significantly impairing essential behavioral patterns, including breeding,
feeding, or sheltering (babbit v. Sweet Home Chapter of Communities for a
Great Oregon, S. Ct. US 1995)
it should be noted that, while application of the ESA is unlikely (not
impossible) to improve current water quality and habitat conditions, it
could go along way in preventing further decline(although some interesting
battles are coming up with regards to language in the esa to promote
conservation of species). the law was not designed to determine protective
measures for different reproductive behaviors. it is likely that we do not
need to consider recruitment fitness.  (criteria listed below)
it should also be noted that in determining whether a population is
threatened, it need not be threatened globally, but throughout a portion of
its range.  many examples exist, such as the protection of the bald eagle
in US domestic populations despite a thriving population in Alaska.
distinct population segments can be protected. this arguement is likely to
be stronger when additional populations occur outside US states and
territories but are threatened within the US.
the esa also allows critical habitat to be protected - slightly more
complicated to achieve but based on an endangered species listing.
the application of esa relies solely on the "best scientific and commercial
data available." the act allows that listing of a species as endangered or
threatend follows certain criteria: if the species experiences 1. present
or threatened destruction or modification of its habitat or range. 2.
overutilization for commercial, recreational, scientific, or education
purposes 3. disease/predation 4. inadequacy of existing regulatory
mechanism or other natural or manmade factors affect its continued existence
listing of an organmism that is not truly endangered can be extremely
dangerous in providing fuel for politicians and industry trying to bring an
end to the act.
final thoughts, the legal arena is constantly changing and many questions
regarding application of the ESA remain untested until they appear in court.
one thought permeating the legal environment is the idea that scientist
don't agree on any thing and data is untrustworthy. unfortunately, a few
bad apples etc... however, as a scientist interacting in the legal
community, i find it disheartening to have to constantly defend the
workings of the scientific community. any suggestions on how to begin
dispelling the myth and providing explanation?
hope this information is helpful -
cheers,
jamie
____________________________________________________________________________
________
Jamie D. Bechtel					Jamie D. Bechtel
Boston University					Boston College School of Law
Graduate School of Biology				885 Centre Street
5 Cummington Street					Newton, MA 02159
Boston, MA 02215
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Feb 28 12:46:44 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA08788; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 12:46:38 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA06963; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 12:49:18 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma006955; Sun, 28 Feb 99 12:48:39 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA12220; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 16:36:36 GMT
Received: from mail.state.fl.us by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA12246; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 11:36:30 -0500 (EST)
Received: from gmd0004 [205.172.40.2]
	by mail.state.fl.us with smtp (Exim 1.73 #2)
	id 10H9B2-0001zk-00; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 11:34:48 -0500
Received: by localhost with Microsoft MAPI; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 11:35:02 -0500
Message-ID: <01BE630E.615B7BF0.garettg@mail.state.fl.us>
From: George Garrett <garettg@mail.state.fl.us>
To: "coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: FW: Acropora spp., endangered
Date: Sun, 28 Feb 1999 11:35:01 -0500
X-Mailer: Microsoft Internet E-mail/MAPI - 8.0.0.4211
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: George Garrett <garettg@mail.state.fl.us>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 102
-----Original Message-----
From:	Garrett-George
Sent:	Friday, February 26, 1999 11:13 PM
To:	'Bob Steneck'
Subject:	RE: Acropora spp., endangered
Bob and Coral-List:
Having had the pleasure of working on both upland and marine management
issues, I find this debate to be rather interesting.  Though I think that
there are arguments for listing, I'm not sure how much it accomplishes as
compared to the regulations currently in place (particularly as defined by
Walt).  I don't believe that the ESA is particularly strong and I don't
consider myself to be a "rabid foamy mouth" on the issue.
In Florida and other parts of the United State or its protectorates,
harvest or coral is not allowed - period.  I think that Walt made a good
argument for that.  Touching coral or creating relatively minor
disturbances can be a problem, and though a contributor to coral decline by
some accounts, is probably not the major one.  Mind you, I don't believe
that the ESA would bring much to bare on this problem either.  Regardless
of the law, it is ultimately an on the water enforcement issue, dealt with
under the prevailing political climate.
First, I have great respect for the ESA and the many refuges that have been
established to protect ETS.  There are four wildlife refuges in the Florida
Keys.  However, and Ah ha, a good opportunity for comparative study.  If
petting Key deer is the comparative equivalent of touching coral, people do
it on Big Pine Key all the time.  The refuges discourage it, but reasonably
can't STOP it.  It's that perception of heavy handed enforcement thing.
One more step.  It took a third party federal law suit to get FWS to force
FEMA to consult with them when issuing flood insurance policies in the Keys
(or other flood prone areas with ETS).
Taking this a step further, the fact that insurance policies are being
issued indicates a significant impact on the habitat of an endangered
species through development of the units requiring insurance.  Pineland and
hardwood hammock is disappearing daily, though because of local regs, this
impact is declining significantly (admittedly influenced and assisted by
the ESA).  But, development is still allowed in developed subdivisions that
contain little habitat - flat in the middle of the Key Deer Refuge.
It's probably not fair to dump this on FWS, particularly on Big Pine Key -
the die was cast there before FWS had a Refuge.  Platted lots have existed
there for a long time and funding for purchase is limited.  However, let's
look at the concept of an "Incidental Take Permit" (ITP) or an "Habitat
Conservation Plan" (HCP).  At the time that I worked on the HCP for Key
Largo (crocodile, woodrat, cotton mouse, indigo snake) there were probably
4 other HCPs in existence (in a time period spanning the mid 70s to mid
80s).  That was about 15 years ago.  Since that time I've dealt more in
marine matters and have lost count, but there are literally hundreds of
HCPs now.  At least one view of an HCP is that it is a compromise between
what you want for the ETS and what interested developers want from their
land.  Frequently, this is a compromise garnered from an inability to
adequately enforce the ESA, the drives of those who want to develop, and
the strength of the Constitutional "Takings" law (Takings in this sense
being property rights and land use).  I think you can make similar
arguments for ITPs, though perhaps not as strongly because they don't tend
to affect as broad a part of the range.
I think many of the reasons that the ESA has not been applied more
effectively in marine environments (marine mammals and reptiles being the
exception) is that reproductive dispersal is perceived to and in fact
probably tends to be broad.  Walt alluded to this.  The coral species being
discussed, particularly the Acroporids, are pan Caribbean (and Pacific,
etc.)  Thus, the ESA would consider this in the listing process and
conversely, if listed would not affect these species anywhere but in U.S.
states and territories.  These are places where they are well protected.
In any event, between the State of Florida (in this case), the various
Fisheries Acts, and the FKNMS, the Keys are afforded a fair amount of
protection.  I don't honestly know how much more protection could be
afforded them.
Having played devils advocate for the last page or so, I certainly don't
oppose listing the Acroporids.  However, don't expect any panaceas.  Its
typically the bigger things that are not accounted for in such laws, and
probably never will be effectively, that impact our reefs - the Mississippi
or the Orinoco, global warming, Saharan dust (that one's for you Gene), and
atmospheric deposition.  More locally and more tangibly (for Florida), its
wastewater outfalls on the east coast, phosphate mining on the west coast
and general conditions of coastal eutrophication.  We've gotten too big for
the place in which we live.
We will continue to fight the good fight and do the best we can.  Let's
list the Acroporids, who knows it may bring greater attention to the things
that aren't so heavily regulated.
George Garrett
Director of Marine Resources
Monroe County, Florida Keys
PS  Regarding the existing laws and least, Walt (and I) argue from the
stand point of the laws of Florida, as described above. I do recall some
recent permits in Hawaii for marina development in which a significant area
of coral was allowed to be destroyed - though, with significant transplant
of some as mitigation).  Is there a stronger need for concern nationally,
in the Pacific or even Puerto Rico (ref. CORALations)?
-----Original Message-----
From:	Bob Steneck [SMTP:Steneck@Maine.Maine.EDU]
Sent:	Friday, February 26, 1999 1:47 PM
To:	Walt Jaap STP; Coral List
Subject:	Re: Acropora spp., endangered
Dear Walt and others,
  Isn't the ultimate result of your argument  that management cannot do
much for coral decline, so why bother?  Or perhaps everything that needs
to be done is being done in Florida so let's be patient.  However, the
idea that we just don't know enough will always be used in all management
issues.  If we cannot make a good case for an Acropora decline throughout
the Caribbean, can we ever hope to make a case to managers or legislators
that will work for other issues?
  I hope you see that I'm not directly disagreeing with anything you have
said.  However working with existing legislation... especially
legislation that has some real 'teeth' as is the case for  Endangered
Species Act, makes sense to me.  It seems to me that endangered species
may become the 'poster-child' for an educational campaign and I see value
in that.  Protection of endangered species translates to protection of
associated species and the entire local system.  For example, the spotted
owl has saved lots of old growth forests.  There are many other examples.
  Finally, is there harm in embracing the concept of Acropora meeting the
definition of an endangered or threatened species?  As far as I can see,
only if the science doesn't support it.  As you know, there are volumes
of studies both qualitative and quantitative that document the Acropora
decline.  There is a sizable literature arguing for the geological and
ecological importance of that genus.  Even if there is evidence that this
genus has fluctuated in the past (I'm not sure yours is a good example...
it suggests the Acropora decline may have begun earlier than we thought),
I don't think that should disqualify it from being considered for E & T
classification.  I also do not think the long-term prognosis for the
species has to be good for inclusion to the list.  I believe everyone
expected the California Condor would go extinct but it was placed on the
list anyway.  I think that species has surprised some pundits.
  Walt - I hope I'm not missing some of your key points as to why there
is no value in placing acroporids on the endangered list.  If I am -
please educate me and everyone else.  If the scientific community sees
general value, there is a slim chance this could happen.  At best, this
is a long-shot that might help protect some reefs.
  Cheers,
  Bob Steneck
>22 February, 1999
>
>Dr. Thomas F. Hourigan
>Marine Biodiversity Coordinator
>Office of Protected Resources, NOAAF/PR
>National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
>National Marine Fisheries Service
>1315 East-West Highway
>Silver Spring, MD 20910
>tom.hourigan@noaa.gov
>
>
>Dear Dr. Hourigan:
>
>I am responding to your internet request about Acropora spp. and other
>Scleractinian species for inclusion as endangered or threatened species.
>We have encountered this option several times from different groups over
>the years; and have looked at the option to see if it was reasonable,
>possible, and would it do a better job protecting corals than the
>existing statutes and management regimes.  We have concluded that it is
>not the best approach for several reasons.
>
>Firstly, to prove that a coral is threatened or at risk throughout the
>Caribbean, Florida, Bahamas, Bermuda, and places in between is  costly,
>time consuming, and might be very difficult to prove the case.
>
>Are corals currently protected from human exploitation by other statutes
>and management regimes?  I would like to think so.  In Florida, we have
>a state statute that protects all Scleractinia, Millepora spp, and
>Gorgonia spp from harvest, being sold in a commercial establishment, and
>from destruction on the sea floor.  This statute has been in effect
>since the mid 1970s.  At the federal level the most extensive coral
>protection is found under the Magnuson Act:  The Gulf of Mexico and
>South Atlantic Fisherie s Councils cosponsored the work that resulted in
>the Coral and Coral Reef Fishery Management Plan.  This plan parallels
>the Florida statute, protecting the Scleractinia, Millepora spp, and
>Gorgonia spp. This management regime was recently incorporated into the
>Essential Fish Habitat Plan by the Fishery Management Councils.
>
>The Department of Interior manages two National Parks (Biscayne and Dry
>Tortugas) in which all corals are protected.  The State of Florida and
>NOAA are the trustees of the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary
>which includes all the reefs outside the National Park boundaries from
>Fowey Rocks to west of Dry Tortugas, again the regulations protect
>corals and reefs.   When anthropogenic events occur, the trustees have
>successfully prosecuted responsible parties or have negotiated effective
>restoration and mon itoring plans on the sites.  Settlements were in the
>range of millions of dollars. Would the endangered species act have
>provided immunity from these anthropogenic disturbances? I do not think
>it would have.
>
>Natural events such as hurricanes, ENSO related bleaching episodes, and
>global warming are still occurring in spite of the efforts that the
>coral protection statutes and management regimes.  Would additional
>protective legislation such as the endangered species program provide
>more protection to the reef resources?  I am skeptical that adding a few
>Scleractinia corals to the endangered and threatened species list would
>be of benefit.
>
>Coral populations are very dynamic.  In the case of Acropora palmata
>(Lamarck, 1816) there is good evidence that it has gone through boom and
>bust dynamics for quite some time.  In 1882, Alexander Agassiz reported
>44 hectares of A. palmata at Dry Tortugas.  In 1982, Gary Davis reported
>that, A. palmata coverage declined to 0.6 hectares, ten years later we
>measured the remnant population and noted little change.  The decline
>was probably caused by hurricanes and other meteorological phenomena.
>
>In retrospect, or as they claim hind sight is perfect, when the debate
>over the Everglades Park boundaries was first debated in the late 1940s,
>Gill Voss told me an initial proposal had all of the Florida Keys with
>the exception of Key West and Marathon included in Everglades National
>Park.  Local politics prevailed and the end result is a highly urbanized
>Florida Keys in which the environmental quality has suffered from user
>abuse.  Ah, if we could only go back in time and make it right.
>
>We recognize that your intentions are well meaning and appreciate your
>concern.  We respectfully disagree that the corals mentioned in your
>communication should be considered for nomination as endangered or
>threatened species.  We do not believe that any of the aforementioned
>taxa of corals could satisfy the criteria of endangered or threatened
>species.   Since we have existing statutes and management regimes that
>are designed to protect corals and reefs, the proposed status would have
>little or no effect o n these resources.
>
>
>Sincerely
>
>Walter C. Jaap Associate Research Scientist Florida Marine Research
>Institute
----------------------------
Robert S. Steneck, Ph.D.
Professor, School of Marine Sciences
University of Maine
Darling Marine Center
Walpole, ME 04573
207 - 563 - 3146 ext. 233
e-mail: Steneck@Maine.EDU
The School of Marine Sciences Web site:
http://www.ume.maine.edu/~marine/marine.html
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Feb 28 14:57:05 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA09440; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 14:57:03 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA08744; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 14:59:43 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma008735; Sun, 28 Feb 99 14:59:18 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA12889; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 18:56:12 GMT
Received: from soli.inav.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA12865; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 13:56:06 -0500 (EST)
Received: from x7k2x2 (dip343.inav.net [205.160.208.213]) by soli.inav.net (8.8.7/8.6.12) with SMTP id MAA17316 for <coral-list@reef.aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 12:54:24 -0600
Message-Id: <3.0.1.32.19990228125653.0083c6a0@soli.inav.net>
X-Sender: osha@soli.inav.net
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0.1 (32)
Date: Sun, 28 Feb 1999 12:56:53 -0600
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Osha Gray Davidson <osha@pobox.com>
Subject: More on the Happy99.exe Virus
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Osha Gray Davidson <osha@pobox.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 103
In response to some questions I've received, here's a little more
information on the Happy99.exe computer virus, sent on the coral-health
list-serve today. The information is taken from a posting on another
list-serve that was hit, and I merely pass it along (not being a computer
expert myself).
>If you have already run HAPPY99, go to:
>
>  <http://members.tripod.com/docsmiley/happy99.htm>
>
>for instructions on how to remove it. For details about the worm
>and its effects, see:
>
>  <http://beta.nai.com/public/datafiles/valerts/vinfo/w32ska.htm>
>
Hope this helps.
Osha
Osha Gray Davidson
14 South Governor St.
Iowa City, IA 52240 USA
Ph: 319-338-4778
Fax: 319-338-8606
osha@pobox.com
Scholar Affiliate, University of Iowa
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Feb 28 16:44:56 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA09856; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 16:44:53 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA11146; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 16:48:06 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma011137; Sun, 28 Feb 99 16:47:48 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA13542; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 21:08:15 GMT
Received: from unix12.planete.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA13501; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 16:08:09 -0500 (EST)
Received: from [194.150.0.180] (mon9-04.planete.net [194.150.0.180])
	by unix12.planete.net (8.8.7/8.8.7) with SMTP id WAA27987;
	Sun, 28 Feb 1999 22:01:56 +0100 (MET)
Message-Id: <199902282101.WAA27987@unix12.planete.net>
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express for Macintosh - 4.0c (197)
Date: Sun, 28 Feb 1999 21:38:06 +0100
Subject: Re: Acropora spp., endangered
From: "Georges Moret" <gmoretmo@planete.net>
To: CORALations <corals@caribe.net>
CC: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Mime-version: 1.0
X-Priority: 3
Content-type: text/plain; charset="ISO-8859-1"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Georges Moret" <gmoretmo@planete.net>
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id QAA09856
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 104
Please, pay attention to happy99.exe
It"s a funny nice worm but it can replicate and be send by itself
You'd better trashed it
Georges Moret
"Tranquilles cependant, Charlemagne et ses Preux"
"Descendaient la montagne et devisaient entre-eux"
----------
From: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
Subject: Re: Acropora spp., endangered
Date: Dim 28 fv 1999 9:46
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Feb 28 17:13:02 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA09966; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 17:13:00 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA11400; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 17:16:11 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma011391; Sun, 28 Feb 99 17:15:43 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA13678; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 21:32:36 GMT
Received: from tula.cura.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA13663; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 16:32:30 -0500 (EST)
Received: from cura.net (dppp22.cura.net [209.58.20.122])
	by tula.cura.net (8.9.1a/8.9.1) with ESMTP id RAA23334;
	Sun, 28 Feb 1999 17:34:29 -0400 (GMT-0400)
Message-ID: <36D98023.FA8861F7@cura.net>
Date: Sun, 28 Feb 1999 17:42:59 +0000
From: Paul Hoetjes <reefcare@cura.net>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en] (Win98; I)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Coral List <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
CC: Osha Gray Davidson <osha@pobox.com>
Subject: [Fwd: Virus alert]
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Paul Hoetjes <reefcare@cura.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 105
A recent message sent to the list contained an attachment
called happy99.exe. On the CTURTLE list a similar message
recently was followed by this warning:
-------- Original Message --------
Subject: Virus alert
Date: Sun, 21 Feb 1999 12:37:01 -0500
From: Peter Bennett <honu@TURTLES.ORG>
Reply-To: Sea Turtle Biology and Conservation
<CTURTLE@LISTS.UFL.EDU>
To: CTURTLE@LISTS.UFL.EDU
The last email from JIWLP <jiwlp@PACBELL.NET> was followed
by a
post that includes the HAPPY99 worm. You will have received
email with no text, just an attachment named HAPPY99.EXE.
                      WARNING: DO NOT RUN THIS PROGRAM!
If you have already run HAPPY99 (and it is obvious that Wil
Burns
or someone at JIWLP <jiwlp@PACBELL.NET> already has), go to:
  <http://members.tripod.com/docsmiley/happy99.htm>
for instructions on how to remove it. For details about the
worm
and its effects, see:
<http://beta.nai.com/public/datafiles/valerts/vinfo/w32ska.htm>
Please don't blame Wil Burns for this, he's a victim.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Feb 28 18:53:24 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id SAA10252; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 18:53:20 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA12714; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 18:56:35 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma012702; Sun, 28 Feb 99 18:55:37 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id WAA13970; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 22:44:01 GMT
Received: from pearl.aims.gov.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA13977; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 17:43:50 -0500 (EST)
Received: from charliev.aims.gov.au ([138.7.37.12])
	by pearl.aims.gov.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id IAA01230
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 1 Mar 1999 08:42:04 +1000 (EST)
Message-Id: <3.0.1.32.19990301084203.006ebf50@email.aims.gov.au>
X-Sender: dfenner@email.aims.gov.au
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0.1 (32)
Date: Mon, 01 Mar 1999 08:42:03 +1100
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Doug Fenner <d.fenner@aims.gov.au>
Subject: worm
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Doug Fenner <d.fenner@aims.gov.au>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 106
Coralisters,
   Another web site telling how to get rid of the Happy99 worm is listed
below.  There are only about 4 steps to it, but if they don't make any
sense, you need to find someone who can make sense of them.  (in the
meantime, don't send anyone e-mail to avoid spreading it further)  Also,
please alert people you have sent e-mail to since you got it and opened it,
or it will continue to spread.
   I'm told you can't get a virus or worm from an e-mail, but you can get
one from an attachment, if there is something executable in the attachment.
 Word documents now have an executable part of them.  Virus check all
attachments before opening them, don't open any attachment from someone you
don't know.
-Doug
http://www.symantec.com/avcenter/venc/data/happy99.worm.html
Douglas Fenner, Ph.D.
Coral Taxonomist
Australian Institute of Marine Science
PMB No 3
Townsville MC
Queensland 4810
Australia
phone 07 4753 4241
e-mail: d.fenner@aims.gov.au
web: http://www.aims.gov.au
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Mar  1 00:41:59 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id AAA11493; Mon, 1 Mar 1999 00:41:57 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id AAA17066; Mon, 1 Mar 1999 00:45:11 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma017054; Mon, 1 Mar 99 00:44:23 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id EAA15247; Mon, 1 Mar 1999 04:06:55 GMT
Received: from turbo.kean.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id XAA15225; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 23:06:50 -0500 (EST)
Received: from localhost (ckievman@localhost)
	by turbo.kean.edu (8.9.1b+Sun/8.9.1) with ESMTP id XAA27290
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 28 Feb 1999 23:02:20 -0500 (EST)
Date: Sun, 28 Feb 1999 23:02:20 -0500 (EST)
From: KIEVMAN <ckievman@turbo.kean.edu>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: MERI Field Course & Scholarship for Coral Reef Research
In-Reply-To: <199902191838.SAA14855@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Message-ID: <Pine.SO4.4.05.9902282255280.27150-100000@turbo.kean.edu>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: KIEVMAN <ckievman@turbo.kean.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 107
Please pardon the re-posting of this message.
Our "server" inadvertently deleted our email address. Please respond to:
CoralReef@turbo.kean.edu
******************************************************************
PLEASE POST
MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE'S CORAL REEF FIELD COURSE IN THE
CAYMAN ISLANDS
The Marine Environmental Research Institute offers undergraduate and
graduate field courses to introduce a variety of topics on coral reef
environments.  Topics include an introduction to coral reef systems, coral
reef evolution and succession, and natural and anthropogenic impacts on
reef ecosystems. Students have opportunities to become involved in small,
short-term field research projects related to the coral reef system.
Field course will take place in the Cayman Islands, during the last week
of June 1999 and provide graduate (4 or 6 credits) or undergraduate credit
(6 credits) through Kean University (a state university of New Jersey),
Department of Geology and Meteorology. Students are accepted in the course
without regard to race or gender.
For additional information visit our web sites:
http: //turbo.kean.edu/~meri/course1.html
and //turbo.kean.edu/~Meri/Meri_Site/Default2.html
MERI SCHOLARSHIP FOR CORAL REEF RESEARCH
MERI Scholarship: One scholarship in the amount of $2500.00 will be
awarded for the 1999 field course. The scholarship will pay for the
expenses related to field research on coral reefs in the Cayman Islands
and assist in the cost of college credit offered through Kean University,
Department of Geology and Meteorology.
Who: Female undergraduate and graduate students who are science majors are
invited to apply.   Students with a biological or geological background
are encouraged to apply.
Objective: To introduce college students to the coral reef system by
involving them in field course and research opportunities.
Application Deadline: Received by March 15, 1999.
Application Requirements: Transcripts, application form, resume, 2 letters
of recommendation (preferably from your professors).
Application can be found at our Website:
turbo.kean.edu/~meri/course1.html
Submit to: Dr. Carrie M. Kievman, Marine Environmental Research Institute
- Coral Reef Scholarship Committee, Kean University, Department of Geology
and Meteorology, 1000 Morris Ave, Union, NJ 07083  Email:
CoralReef@turbo.kean.edu
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Mar  1 09:35:27 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA15271; Mon, 1 Mar 1999 09:35:24 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA00020; Mon, 1 Mar 1999 09:38:37 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma029993; Mon, 1 Mar 99 09:37:52 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA17833; Mon, 1 Mar 1999 12:45:54 GMT
Date: Mon, 1 Mar 1999 12:45:54 GMT
Message-Id: <199903011245.MAA17833@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: Coral-list Administrator <jch@aoml.noaa.gov>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Happy99.exe worm
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Coral-list Administrator <jch@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 108
You can find out more information about the Happy99.exe virus at the
following URL:
  http://www.symantec.com/avcenter/venc/data/happy99.worm.html
Apparently, CORALations reads email via a Windows operating system, and
that system was infected.  The worm operates by detecting a send message
from the host (Windows) operating system, then sends a uuencoded
Happy99.exe document to the same recipient as the last send message went
to.  If you received the uuencoded message, just don't uudecode it and
execute it--delete it!
I would urge all coral-list subscribers to check their operating systems
frequently for viruses, worms, etc.
	Sincerely yours,
	JCH
	coral-list administrator
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Mar  1 12:25:58 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA19684; Mon, 1 Mar 1999 12:25:52 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA16971; Mon, 1 Mar 1999 12:28:43 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma016914; Mon, 1 Mar 99 12:28:13 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA19156; Mon, 1 Mar 1999 16:38:03 GMT
Received: from zeus.zeus.cofc.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA19160; Mon, 1 Mar 1999 11:37:57 -0500 (EST)
Received: from elmo2.cofc.edu by zeus.zeus.cofc.edu (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4)
	id KAA24649; Thu, 10 Dec 1998 10:30:43 -0500
Message-Id: <3.0.32.19990301114039.00cece14@zeus.cofc.edu>
X-Sender: pdustan@zeus.cofc.edu
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0 (32)
Date: Mon, 01 Mar 1999 11:40:45 -0800
To: Osha Gray Davidson <osha@pobox.com>, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Phillip Dustan <pdustan@zeus.cofc.edu>
Subject: Re: Virus file: Happy99.exe
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Phillip Dustan <pdustan@zeus.cofc.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 109
HAPPY99 IS A VIRUS FOR SURE. DO NOT RUN IT, DISINFECT YOUR MACHINE IF YOU
HAVE.
	Phil Dustan
>An attached file called Happy99.exe was just sent to this list. I'm pretty
>sure it contains a computer virus. A like-named file was just received on
>another list and infected some computers. The file Happy99.exe is a
>program. As I understand it, no harm is done unless you open (or run) the
>program itself. Deleting the file itself (not simply the E-mail message it
>rode in on) gets rid of the problem.
>
>The file came on a message from "CORALations" bearing the subject line:
>"RE: Acropora spp., endangered," dated 2/28/99. Please note that this
>information is just to help you find the virus-bearing file and not to
>place blame on CORALations, who, I'm sure, didn't know this file containted
>a virus.
>
>Cheers,
>Osha
>
>
>Osha Gray Davidson
>14 South Governor St.
>Iowa City, IA 52240 USA
>
>Ph: 319-338-4778
>Fax: 319-338-8606
>osha@pobox.com
>Scholar Affiliate, University of Iowa
>
>
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Phillip Dustan	 			pdustan@zeus.cofc.edu
Department of Biology			www.cofc.edu/~coral
College of Charleston
Charleston SC 29424
(843) 953-8086
(843)953-5453 Fax
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Mar  2 14:24:37 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA12956; Tue, 2 Mar 1999 14:24:34 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA04964; Tue, 2 Mar 1999 14:27:28 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma004908; Tue, 2 Mar 99 14:26:31 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA26017; Tue, 2 Mar 1999 18:04:32 GMT
Received: from imo28.mx.aol.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA26134; Tue, 2 Mar 1999 13:04:27 -0500 (EST)
From: EricHugo@aol.com
Received: from EricHugo@aol.com
	by imo28.mx.aol.com (IMOv19.3) id wJAKa02500;
	Tue, 2 Mar 1999 13:02:32 -0500 (EST)
Message-ID: <228b05ea.36dc27b8@aol.com>
Date: Tue, 2 Mar 1999 13:02:32 EST
To: delbeek@hawaii.edu, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Mime-Version: 1.0
Subject: Re:  Re: Acropora spp., endangered
Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-transfer-encoding: 7bit
X-Mailer: AOL 3.0.1 for Mac sub 78
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: EricHugo@aol.com
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 110
Hi Charles.
<<I too am somewhat confused as to what additional protection placing
Acroporids on the ESA will accimplish that is not already being covered.
Could someone who is supporting this idea please outline the additional
protection thus afforded and how this is of benefit compared to
legislation already in place?>>
I think Jamie outlined some good points in his previous post on this.  While
there may be geological evidence pointing to boom/bust cycles in various coral
populations (and there is), the points brought out earlier I think are
important: that is, that irrespective of natural catastrophe and influence,
the anthropogenic influence of many factors seems unrelenting. There have been
many papers which have investigated long and short term damage resulting from
various natural factors, and, while occasionally catastrophic and reefs are
largely lost, the majority seem to show slow or even surprisingly quick
recovery given proper conditions.  However, recovery in stressed or injured
animals is remarkably less as energy is allocated to repair.  I cannot really
see what harm placing A. palmata and A. cervicornis under ESA guidelines would
do, as these stressed communities could potentially benefit from any and all
action on their behalf.  What concerns me (besides the fact I miss seeing vast
thickets of Acropora in the Caribbean) is the reef accretion rate without
these reef builders.  Unlike Pacific reefs, there are fewer species which can
grow at the rate or in the conditions tolerated by these two species than in
the Pacific.  With bioerosion, continued anthropogenic stress, and natural
disasters (which, arguably, may worsen in the future), will the next in line
reef-builders like Montastrea and Porites be able to keep up?  Looking at the
listing of some of the others (Dendrogyra cylindrus, etc.), can Caribbean
reefs keep up?  Only coralline algae ridges to come?  ESA won't do a thing to
prevent Gaia's wrath, but there is quite a difference between the natural
cycles of disturbance and the continuing long term stress on the these reefs.
One thing I have noticed when such debates occur is that there is much "voire-
diring" about whether proposed solutions are ideal or optimal...they rarely
are.  However, in the meantime, the habitat continues to suffer while the
debate continues.  Perhaps actions which protect the habitat should be
implemented, even if not panacaeic, while better solutions are being worked
on?
Nor am I particularly convinced that a spawn releasing (hypothetically) one
billion gametes is enough.  Consider an equally hypothetical 1% successful
fertilization, 1% settlement success, and a 1% chance of living past the
juvenile stage.  Then consider that 95% of these corals are lost (being lost)
due to disease/stress/injury/predation, bioerosion, competition, etc.  As was
mentioned, recruitment is not keeping up, so I think its more than a case of
the "warm and fuzzies". Ordinarily, one could expect for fragmentation to make
up some ground, but there aren't enough colonies around to make this of
significant value...hence the reason why these species are now considered for
ESA protection.  The potential for these animals to recover and survive mass
mortality is certainly there if conditions are ideal....but they aren't.  Not
that I am bringing up any particularly earth shattering points here, but it
would seem that the loss of these key species is of particular importance to
reefs, and I cannot see why all efforts to protect them shouldn't be
supported. There is not really any economic value placed on them due to
rigorous anti-collection protocol (as you brought up), and hence no real force
towards *not* implementing protective legislation. Thus, arguably, their most
important economic value is in their continued presence for
recreational/tourism reasons and supporting the lower end of sport/food fish
webs (and, of course, their intrinsic value to the reef itself and to the
continued grants for studying the reasons for their mortality <g>)
I do, however, totally agree that efforts on the part of the public and
private aquaria arena could (perhaps surprisingly) support some captive grow-
out for replenishment.  I have long thought that Caribbean species should be
available for such efforts with careful and moderated collection.
Eric Borneman
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Mar  2 18:33:29 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id SAA17489; Tue, 2 Mar 1999 18:33:27 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA20245; Tue, 2 Mar 1999 18:36:42 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma020233; Tue, 2 Mar 99 18:36:32 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id WAA01475; Tue, 2 Mar 1999 22:57:51 GMT
Date: Tue, 2 Mar 1999 22:57:51 GMT
Message-Id: <199903022257.WAA01475@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: "NOAA's Coral Health and Monitoring Program" <coral@aoml.noaa.gov>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: New CHAMP Literature Update!
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "NOAA's Coral Health and Monitoring Program" <coral@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 111
I am very happy to announce that our NOAA/AOML Librarian, Linda Pikula
(pikula@aoml.noaa.gov), has painstakingly, and at no minor cost, compiled
an extensive list of literature references pertaining to coral health and
monitoring from 1996 through most of 1998.  At this time we have the
literature citations only, but hope to have abstracts soon.
At the CHAMP Home Page (www.coral.noaa.gov), click on "Literature" then on
"New CHAMP Literature Server" to search the database.  I'm afraid this
database is on a very old PC server (in fact, the computer that ran the
original 1992 "CoralFax" service, the precursor to the CHAMP Program), so
your search may run a little slow. We're hoping to be able to obtain a
more up-to-date and powerful server in the future.
If you have submitted abstracts to us before, please be patient.  We will
update the database as soon as we can.  I'm afraid we're a little
shorthanded.
We hope you are able to use this new source of knowledge in your coral
reef work.  THANKS, Linda, for a job super well-done!
	Cheers,
	Jim Hendee
	CHAMP Administrator
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Mar  3 10:25:44 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA24291; Wed, 3 Mar 1999 10:25:36 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA18278; Wed, 3 Mar 1999 10:28:53 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma018245; Wed, 3 Mar 99 10:28:15 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA05382; Wed, 3 Mar 1999 14:38:13 GMT
Message-Id: <199903031438.OAA05382@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Tue, 2 Mar 1999 12:49:28 +1100
From: Gert Jan Gast <GJ.Gast@jcu.edu.au>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Panama ref list offered
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Gert Jan Gast <GJ.Gast@jcu.edu.au>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 112
Hi all,
I have (on request) typed all the references of the Panama
Proceedings into an EndNotePlus (W98, version 3.0) and figured
that as this isn't all that interesting an activity, I'd spare you the
trouble: drop me a mail and I'll send the file as attachment. Also
available are Text (.txt) and RichText (.rtf) copies with one field
(author, year, title, etc) per line for people who want to try to import
it into other literature programs.
Mac users with EndNote should be able to import this file. I'll try
BinHex encoding.
Jim Hendee and Gina Morisseau-Leroy have posted the text file on
the NOAA CHAMP homepage:  http://www.coral.noaa.gov/bib/Proc8ICRS.html
I checked the refs, but there are certainly still some errors. Please
let me know if you find any. I will collect those and send errata.
Could the organisers of future symposia, meetings, etc. consider to place
the proceeding refs on a web page in format of most commonly used
bibliography programs? That would be very nice!
Good luck, GJ
===============================================
Dr. Gert Jan Gast <gjgast@dds.nl>
This email address will not change.
5 Sycamore Street
Pimlico, QLD 4812
Australia
Phone int 61 (0)7 47 255 220
<gj.gast@jcu.edu.au> is likely to be temporary.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Mar  3 10:25:44 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA24291; Wed, 3 Mar 1999 10:25:36 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA18278; Wed, 3 Mar 1999 10:28:53 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma018245; Wed, 3 Mar 99 10:28:15 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA05382; Wed, 3 Mar 1999 14:38:13 GMT
Message-Id: <199903031438.OAA05382@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Tue, 2 Mar 1999 12:49:28 +1100
From: Gert Jan Gast <GJ.Gast@jcu.edu.au>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Panama ref list offered
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Gert Jan Gast <GJ.Gast@jcu.edu.au>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 113
Hi all,
I have (on request) typed all the references of the Panama
Proceedings into an EndNotePlus (W98, version 3.0) and figured
that as this isn't all that interesting an activity, I'd spare you the
trouble: drop me a mail and I'll send the file as attachment. Also
available are Text (.txt) and RichText (.rtf) copies with one field
(author, year, title, etc) per line for people who want to try to import
it into other literature programs.
Mac users with EndNote should be able to import this file. I'll try
BinHex encoding.
Jim Hendee and Gina Morisseau-Leroy have posted the text file on
the NOAA CHAMP homepage:  http://www.coral.noaa.gov/bib/Proc8ICRS.html
I checked the refs, but there are certainly still some errors. Please
let me know if you find any. I will collect those and send errata.
Could the organisers of future symposia, meetings, etc. consider to place
the proceeding refs on a web page in format of most commonly used
bibliography programs? That would be very nice!
Good luck, GJ
===============================================
Dr. Gert Jan Gast <gjgast@dds.nl>
This email address will not change.
5 Sycamore Street
Pimlico, QLD 4812
Australia
Phone int 61 (0)7 47 255 220
<gj.gast@jcu.edu.au> is likely to be temporary.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Mar  3 10:36:05 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA24533; Wed, 3 Mar 1999 10:36:01 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA19059; Wed, 3 Mar 1999 10:38:58 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma018982; Wed, 3 Mar 99 10:38:10 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA05798; Wed, 3 Mar 1999 14:55:04 GMT
Date: Wed, 3 Mar 1999 14:55:04 GMT
Message-Id: <199903031455.OAA05798@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: "NOAA's CHAMP" <coral@aoml.noaa.gov>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject:  Correcton: New CHAMP Literature Server
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "NOAA's CHAMP" <coral@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 114
My mistake--there are apparently about 425 articles ranging from 1980
through 1998 on the new literature server.  We hope to update this in the
future, depending on how things progress.
	Cheers,
	jch
Re:
~~~~~~~~
From: NOAA's Coral Health and Monitoring Program <coral@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
To: coral-list
Subject: New CHAMP Literature Update!
I am very happy to announce that our NOAA/AOML Librarian, Linda Pikula
(pikula@aoml.noaa.gov), has painstakingly, and at no minor cost, compiled
an extensive list of literature references pertaining to coral health and
monitoring from 1996 through most of 1998.  At this time we have the
literature citations only, but hope to have abstracts soon.
At the CHAMP Home Page (www.coral.noaa.gov), click on "Literature" then on
"New CHAMP Literature Server" to search the database.  I'm afraid this
database is on a very old PC server (in fact, the computer that ran the
original 1992 "CoralFax" service, the precursor to the CHAMP Program), so
your search may run a little slow. We're hoping to be able to obtain a
more up-to-date and powerful server in the future.
If you have submitted abstracts to us before, please be patient.  We will
update the database as soon as we can.  I'm afraid we're a little
shorthanded.
We hope you are able to use this new source of knowledge in your coral
reef work.  THANKS, Linda, for a job super well-done!
	Cheers,
	Jim Hendee
	CHAMP Administrator
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Mar  3 10:52:54 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA24922; Wed, 3 Mar 1999 10:53:11 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA20136; Wed, 3 Mar 1999 10:56:07 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma020114; Wed, 3 Mar 99 10:56:01 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA05523; Wed, 3 Mar 1999 14:45:13 GMT
Date: Wed, 3 Mar 1999 14:45:13 GMT
Message-Id: <199903031445.OAA05523@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Serge Andrefouet <serge@carbon.marine.usf.edu>
Subject: Landsat images
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Serge Andrefouet <serge@carbon.marine.usf.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 115
The launch date for Landsat 7 (L7) satellite may still have some degree of
fluidity but is planned now for APRIL 15 1999. One of the missions of L7
is to provide images for the NASA Long Term Acquisition Plan (LTAP) to
support scientific research, with ideally the acquisition of at least 200
images per day over various and varying areas of the globe for downloading
to the US (Foreign Ground Stations may collect additional data of course).
Images will be available at a low cost (less than $300/scene). The earth
observing instrument on L7, the Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+),
replicates the capabilities of the Thematic Mapper instruments on Landsats
4 and 5*. The ETM+ also includes new features that make it a more
versatile and efficient instrument for global change studies, land cover
monitoring and assessment, and large area mapping than its design
forebears.  Landsat 7 and ETM+ characteristics are :
 Number of Bands: 8
 Spectral Range(microns):
 Band 1: .45 to .515
 Band 2: .525 to .605
 Band 3: .63 to .690
 Band 4: .75 to .90
 Band 5: 1.55 to 1.75
 Band 6: 10.40 to 12.5 (Thermal infra-red channel)
 Band 7: 2.09 to 2.35
 Band 8 (Panchromatic): .52 to .90
 Ground Resolution (meters)
 Band 1: 30 m
 Band 2: 30 m
 Band 3: 30 m
 Band 4: 30 m
 Band 5: 30 m
 Band 6: 60 m
 Band 7: 30 m
 Band 8: 15 m
 Swath width:185 kilometers
 Repeat coverage interval:16 days (233 orbits)
 Altitude:705 kilometers
 Quantization:Best 8 of 9 bits
 On-board data storage:~375 Gb (solid state)
 Inclination:Sun-synchronous, 98.2 degrees
 Equatorial crossing:Descending node; 10:00am +/- 15 min.
 Launch vehicle:Delta II Launch date:April 1999
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 For the moment, the highest priorities of the LTAP acquisitions are for
the United-States, and selected land targets elsewhere. The goal is to
obtain quasi-global, seasonal coverage.
 Several coastal zones worldwide are already integrated in the LTAP
dataset.  They may include reefs areas that can be studied using typically
the bands 1, 2, 3, 4 and 8. To improve the coverage of coral reefs zones,
35 specific targets reefs were recently added to the list of potential
sites. However, coverage of these sites is by no means guaranteed and an
increase in their priorities is required!
 The aim of this mail is to signal to the community of coral reef researcher
 that their site of study can be added to the LTAP database
 For this, we need:
 1/ the location of your area (lat/long) to check if it is already in a
 coastal LTAP zone or if it can be one of the new 35 sites (especially
 dedicated to remote oceanic places)
 2/ a short description of your projects, including:
 - a short scientific history of the site (references of previous studies
 will be enough)
 - objectives,
 - schedules,
 - names of the scientists and institutes that are involved in the project
 - your plans to use remote sensing data (mapping, change detection,
 catastrophic assessment=85)
 We understand that some applications, related to catastrophic impacts for
 example (cyclones, lagoon blooms, bleaching=85) can not be described as
 scheduled projects , but if a site is a LTAP site, it will be easier to get
 reference images that will be completed by images during or just after the
 events. The monitoring sites, whatever the organization (ICRI, GCRMN,
 CARICOMP, ReefCheck,=85), are of course suitable for LTAP.
 Defining high sensitive areas will also help to improve the priority for
 coral reef acquisition.
 Because of the imminence of the launch of L7, its software will be frozen
 in few weeks. The definition of these 35 sites needs to be done very
 quickly. So, people interested by images for their projects are encouraged
 to response to this offer, ideally during the next week (-> before 9th
March).
 For further questions and for application, you can answer directly to
 carbon@marine.usf.edu or serge@carbon.marine.usf.edu
 An assessment of all the answers and the proposition to the Landsat program
 for the final LTAP dataset will be mailed later on the Coral-List.
Cheers,
 Serge Andrefouet
Serge Andrefouet
Department of Marine Science
Remote Sensing/ Biological Oceanography
University of South Florida             =20
140, 7th Av. South                      =20
St Petersburg=20
FL 33701
phone: (727) 553-1186
fax:   (727) 553-1103
E-mail: serge@carbon.marine.usf.edu
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Mar  3 12:36:03 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA26836; Wed, 3 Mar 1999 12:36:00 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA29514; Wed, 3 Mar 1999 12:39:16 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma029500; Wed, 3 Mar 99 12:39:08 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA06486; Wed, 3 Mar 1999 16:48:47 GMT
Received: from kennesaw_5.wins.lawco.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA06491; Wed, 3 Mar 1999 11:48:36 -0500 (EST)
Received: by kennesaw_5.wins.lawco.com with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
	id <G1GJJFYX>; Wed, 3 Mar 1999 11:46:50 -0500
Message-ID: <4D333629EC74D211A0F900104B79C72D0AF9FC@miami-1.wins.lawco.com>
From: "Precht,Bill" <BPrecht@kennesaw.Lawco.com>
To: "Jamie D. Bechtel" <warrior@bu.edu>, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov,
        lesk@bio.bu.edu
Subject: RE: Acropora spp., endangered ?
Date: Wed, 3 Mar 1999 11:46:31 -0500
MIME-Version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Precht,Bill" <BPrecht@kennesaw.Lawco.com>
Status: RO
X-Status: A
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 116
Dear list:
For what its worth, just a few comments (in a question - answer format)
about the spirited Acropora debate.
Q.- Should Acropora spp. be considered for listing?
A. - YES
Q. - What's the evidence for this?
A.- In most US waters (Caribbean & western Atlantic), Acropora populations
have been drastically reduced by a number of factors (disease, storms,
bleaching, predation, etc...) over the course of the last two decades.  This
is especially pronounced for Acropora cervicornis.
Q. - Is this reduction just part of natural boom-bust cycles in the local
populations.  Walt Japp makes some good points about the volatility of
Acropora populations in Florida.
A. - Yes, Acropora populations are very volatile.  However, the recent
declines are not just confined to local populations within individual reefs
or reef areas, but have impacted essentially all Acropora populations
throughout the region.  This includes reef areas far from population sources
and major anthropogenic impacts.  Belize, Bonaire, Jamaica, the Bahamas,
Florida, etc... have all shown similar declines over roughly the same period
of time.  Florida reefs have been especially impacted.  In addition, recent
geologic evidence strongly points to the fact that a "regional" decline in
acroporid populations is without historical precedence in the Quaternary.
Q. - Okay, so some Acropora populations have diminished, but there are still
some pretty good stands of Acropora spp. here and there.  Why should we list
a species that is still locally abundant in some areas?
A. - Your right, there are some pretty good stands of Acropora here and
there, especially A. palmata.  The main point being "here and there".
Unfortunately, there aren't that many "here and there's" anymore.  As
compared to 20-30 years ago even these large stands are greatly reduced in
size and number. This is based on both solid data and anecdotal evidence.
In addition, even in these large stands, very few are "healthy"; that is
they show a high incidence of partial mortality.  For instance, one of the
most beautiful and most luxuriant stands of A. palmata (just two years ago)
was off Goulding Cay (southwest tip of New Providence Island, Bahamas).
Many of these corals (over 50%) have died within the last year due to the
1998 bleaching event, white-band disease epizootics, and predation by mobile
fauna.  Many of these corals are now standing dead in-situ.   This scene is
being played over and over again throughout the region.  It should be noted
that this same reef at Goulding Cay was renowned for its prolific stands and
thickets of A. cervicornis. This reef was used as a backdrop for numerous
u/w scenes in films, including some James Bonds flicks.  Stuart Cove the
local dive operator there told me that ~ 99% of this staghorn vanished in
the early to mid-1980's. Now it seems as though the A. palmata is imperiled
there as well.
Q. - Well you've convinced me that the acroporids are at risk (maybe).  How
would implementing the E & T Species Act help here?  Aren't the scleractinia
are already protected in US waters by a host of various regulations and
statutes?
A. - The present regulations protect corals from harvest and/or destruction
in place (i.e. ship-groundings, anchor damage, etc...)  Although illegal
coral collection by reef poachers is still common and problematic, the E & T
Act goes one step further in that it helps protect the habitat in which that
species lives.  This is done by designating "critical habitat"  for a
particular E & T species.  Also, additional layers of legal protection are
common with E & T species.  For instance,  The Bald Eagle is protected by
the Migratory Bird Act, as well as the E & T Act, plus individual State
Statutes.  Having an additional layer of protection and  the legal
ramifications that go with it (violation of the E & T Act is very serious
business) will not just help the acroporids but all corals living in
association with them.
Q. - It may be determined that only local populations of acroporids are at
risk.  If so, why place the whole lot on the list?
A. -  If this is determined to be the case (based on population data), then
there are numerous options available.  This includes the listing of a
species as "a species of special concern" (i.e. the Burrowing Owl in
Florida).  Another option, would be (as Jamie Bechtel noted) to list only a
local population as E or T.  For instance "All Acropora spp. in the waters
of Florida" or "All A. cervicornis in US Territorial waters"  or "All
acroporid species in US waters with exception of A. palmata in Florida" and
so on.   The E & T Species Act even protects species because of their
similarity with other like species.  For example, the Florida alligator is
protected because of its similarity with the American Crocodile, an
endangered species.
Q. - Will placing the Acropora spp. on the list make getting scientific
permits for collecting coral specimens more difficult.
A. - It should not affect those who have just reasons for sampling (permits
are already required for work/research in the Florida Keys), and it will
certainly deter the unnecessary collection and sampling of these corals.
Well, this is my spin on some of the stuff that has been going around for
the last couple of weeks.  Hope this helps.
By the by, Rich Aronson and I recently completed a ms. on the history &
volitility of the Acropora spp. as well as on their recent, regional demise.
I would be more than happy to furnish copies of this in-press ms. to any
that request it.
"Men with the muckrake are often indispensable to the well-being of society,
but only if they know when to stop raking the muck."   Theodore Roosevelt
1906
William F. Precht
Natural Resources Manager
LAW Engineering & Environmental Services, Inc.
5845 NW 158th Street
Miami Lakes, FL  33014
ph (305) 826-5588 x206
fax (305) 826-1799
> -----Original Message-----
> From:	Jamie D. Bechtel [SMTP:warrior@bu.edu]
> Sent:	Sunday, February 28, 1999 6:06 AM
> To:	coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; lesk@bio.bu.edu
> Subject:	Acropora spp., endangered -legal background
>
> hello all - i have been following the debate with some interest and
> thought
> some background information may be helpful.  there is an excellent article
> discussing the role of science in the listing of endangered species.
> Bogert, Laurence Michael "That's my story and i'm sticking to it: is the
> best available science any available science under the endangered species
> act." 31 Idaho Law Review 85 (1994).
>
> despite some recent flexibility mechanisms built into the ESA, it remains
> a
> strong legislative tool. the endangered species act (ESA) is unique in
> terms of environmental legislation in that it contains a flat,
> substanative
> prohibition. weighing heavily in favor of the application of the
> endangered
> species act is the fact that, beyond a shadow of doubt, congress intended
> to grant high priority status to endangered species.  consequently, the
> ESA
> remains a strong legislative tool and is upheld uniformily and
> consistently
> in district courts.
>
> Sec. 7 of the ESA supplies much of the force of the ESA in  "insur[ing]
> that actions authorized, funded, or carried out by [federal deptarments
> and
> agencies] do not jeapardize the continued existence of such endangered
> species and threatended species or result in the destruction or
> modification of habitat of such species which is determined by the
> Secretary, after consultation as appropriate with the affected States, to
> be critical".
>
> in short, if a project will cause harm to an endangered species, that
> project can likely be brought to a relatively quick halt.
>
> 1n 1995, sec 9 (regarding illegal taking species w/i the US and the
> territorial sea) of the ESA won its day in court.  the supreme court
> allowed the definition of "harm" to include "significant habitat
> modification or degradation where it actually kills or injures wildlife by
> significantly impairing essential behavioral patterns, including breeding,
> feeding, or sheltering (babbit v. Sweet Home Chapter of Communities for a
> Great Oregon, S. Ct. US 1995)
>
> it should be noted that, while application of the ESA is unlikely (not
> impossible) to improve current water quality and habitat conditions, it
> could go along way in preventing further decline(although some interesting
> battles are coming up with regards to language in the esa to promote
> conservation of species). the law was not designed to determine protective
> measures for different reproductive behaviors. it is likely that we do not
> need to consider recruitment fitness.  (criteria listed below)
>
> it should also be noted that in determining whether a population is
> threatened, it need not be threatened globally, but throughout a portion
> of
> its range.  many examples exist, such as the protection of the bald eagle
> in US domestic populations despite a thriving population in Alaska.
> distinct population segments can be protected. this arguement is likely to
> be stronger when additional populations occur outside US states and
> territories but are threatened within the US.
>
> the esa also allows critical habitat to be protected - slightly more
> complicated to achieve but based on an endangered species listing.
>
> the application of esa relies solely on the "best scientific and
> commercial
> data available." the act allows that listing of a species as endangered or
> threatend follows certain criteria: if the species experiences 1. present
> or threatened destruction or modification of its habitat or range. 2.
> overutilization for commercial, recreational, scientific, or education
> purposes 3. disease/predation 4. inadequacy of existing regulatory
> mechanism or other natural or manmade factors affect its continued
> existence
>
> listing of an organmism that is not truly endangered can be extremely
> dangerous in providing fuel for politicians and industry trying to bring
> an
> end to the act.
>
> final thoughts, the legal arena is constantly changing and many questions
> regarding application of the ESA remain untested until they appear in
> court.
>
> one thought permeating the legal environment is the idea that scientist
> don't agree on any thing and data is untrustworthy. unfortunately, a few
> bad apples etc... however, as a scientist interacting in the legal
> community, i find it disheartening to have to constantly defend the
> workings of the scientific community. any suggestions on how to begin
> dispelling the myth and providing explanation?
>
> hope this information is helpful -
>
> cheers,
> jamie
>
> __________________________________________________________________________
> __
> ________
>
> Jamie D. Bechtel					Jamie D. Bechtel
> Boston University					Boston College
> School of Law
> Graduate School of Biology				885 Centre Street
>
> 5 Cummington Street					Newton, MA 02159
> Boston, MA 02215
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Mar  3 16:06:55 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA03344; Wed, 3 Mar 1999 16:06:52 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA17123; Wed, 3 Mar 1999 16:09:47 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma016966; Wed, 3 Mar 99 16:08:57 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA07716; Wed, 3 Mar 1999 20:23:58 GMT
Message-Id: <199903032023.UAA07716@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Wed, 3 Mar 1999 12:52:17 -0500 (EST)
From: Les Kaufman <lesk@bio.bu.edu>
To: "Precht,Bill" <BPrecht@kennesaw.Lawco.com>
cc: "Jamie D. Bechtel" <warrior@bu.edu>, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: RE: Acropora spp., endangered ?
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Les Kaufman <lesk@bio.bu.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 117
Acropora cervicornis, prolifera, and palmata would in my estimation
qualify for a "vulnerable" or higher listing, possibly as high as
endangered, in accordance with IUCN criteria after Mace et al.
Les Kaufman
Boston University Marine Program
lesk@bio.bu.edu
617-353-5560 office
617-353-6965 lab
617-353-6340 fax
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Mar  3 17:33:36 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA04638; Wed, 3 Mar 1999 17:33:34 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA22948; Wed, 3 Mar 1999 17:36:30 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma022893; Wed, 3 Mar 99 17:36:08 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA08226; Wed, 3 Mar 1999 21:59:03 GMT
Received: from carbon.marine.usf.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA08234; Wed, 3 Mar 1999 16:58:58 -0500 (EST)
Received: from coral.marine.usf.edu (aves.marine.usf.edu [198.116.54.180])
	by carbon.marine.usf.edu (8.9.1a/8.9.1) with SMTP id QAA16533
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 3 Mar 1999 16:57:15 -0500 (EST)
Message-Id: <3.0.6.32.19990303165607.007efcd0@carbon.marine.usf.edu>
X-Sender: serge@carbon.marine.usf.edu
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.6 (32)
Date: Wed, 03 Mar 1999 16:56:07 -0500
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Serge Andrefouet <serge@carbon.marine.usf.edu>
Subject: Landsat images: FAQ and more details
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Serge Andrefouet <serge@carbon.marine.usf.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status: A
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 118
Hello everybody,
May be the first message for Landsat LTAP project was not so clear because
many people are asking for the same precisions.
First, 35 reefs sites were recently added to the list, but they are not
assigned already to specific reefs. The 35 reefs will be finally selected
according to your requests. For the moment, they just appear as "reef" in
the list.
Second, some of your sites may be already in a coastal area which appear
elsewhere in the list, which is sorted by Country. For example: for France,
 the LTAP list include 8 images for New-Caledonia. These images may include
reef areas. When we receive your request, we chek if the location of your
site is not already included in the LTAP list, as a coastal area. If yes,
we do not add your site to the 35 specific reef sites but we put a "reef
flag" to try to increase the priority of this coastal area. If not, we add
your site to the potential 35 specific reef sites.
Third: for United States reefs (Hawaii, Florida Keys, Puerto Rico,...):
most of them are already included in the LTAP list because USA is
completely covered by LTAP, and USA has the highest priority. Anyway,
signal us your reefs, because inside USA, reefs have low priority.
Four: Ideally, all the sites of the LTAP list will be covered at least one
time a year, whatever their priority.
I apologize if I do not answer individually to each message. I do if
necessary, but I rather try to give precisions that can be useful for
everybody directly on the coral-list.
Bye
Serge
Serge Andrefouet
Department of Marine Science
Remote Sensing/ Biological Oceanography
University of South Florida
140, 7th Av. South
St Petersburg
FL 33701
phone: (727) 553-1186
fax:   (727) 553-1103
E-mail: serge@carbon.marine.usf.edu
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Mar  3 17:41:23 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA04753; Wed, 3 Mar 1999 17:41:17 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA23332; Wed, 3 Mar 1999 17:44:34 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma023316; Wed, 3 Mar 99 17:44:12 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id WAA08315; Wed, 3 Mar 1999 22:14:28 GMT
Received: from mail.caribe.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA08333; Wed, 3 Mar 1999 17:14:22 -0500 (EST)
Received: from default (ppp214.197dip.netdial.caribe.net [209.91.197.214])
	by mail.caribe.net (8.9.0/8.9.0) with ESMTP id SAA09918
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 3 Mar 1999 18:14:51 -0400 (AST)
Message-Id: <199903032214.SAA09918@mail.caribe.net>
From: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
To: "Coral-List" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Wed, 3 Mar 1999 18:10:06 -0400
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Priority: 3
X-Mailer: Microsoft Internet Mail 4.70.1155
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 119
Dear Listers......
Just returned from Clean Water Network meeting in Washington to discover my
computer was infected with a "worm" virus...picked this up from our local
listing...did not realize I was infected when I sent comments to the coral
listers.....
Mary Ann Lucking
CORALations
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Mar  3 19:31:50 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id TAA05574; Wed, 3 Mar 1999 19:31:35 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA27718; Wed, 3 Mar 1999 19:34:31 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma027708; Wed, 3 Mar 99 19:34:18 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id XAA08729; Wed, 3 Mar 1999 23:49:29 GMT
Received: from cuda.jcu.edu.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id SAA08714; Wed, 3 Mar 1999 18:49:20 -0500 (EST)
Received: from mb4802-c.jcu.edu.au ([137.219.41.185])
	by cuda.jcu.edu.au (8.8.8/8.8.8) with SMTP id JAA29780
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 4 Mar 1999 09:47:27 +1000 (EST)
Message-Id: <1.5.4.32.19990304000619.006da7ec@pop.jcu.edu.au>
X-Sender: sci-ahb@pop.jcu.edu.au
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Light Version 1.5.4 (32)
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Date: Thu, 04 Mar 1999 10:06:19 +1000
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Andrew Baird <andrew.baird@jcu.edu.au>
Subject: panama refs:
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Andrew Baird <andrew.baird@jcu.edu.au>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 120
three cheers for Gert. Aint altruism a fine thing!
I have another comment for organisers of future proceeding. Could the
organisers arrange to have the abstracts listed in one of the relevant
abstracting services such as Aquatic Science and Fisheries Abstract or
Current Contents. Some of the Proceedings appear in ASFA, but not those
after 1988, as far as I am aware.
Andrew Baird			phone	61 7 47814802
Department of Marine Biology		fax	61 7 47251570
James Cook University	email	andrew.baird@jcu.edu.au
Townsvill Qld 4811
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Mar  4 11:38:10 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA13929; Thu, 4 Mar 1999 11:38:15 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA01148; Thu, 4 Mar 1999 11:40:55 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma001112; Thu, 4 Mar 99 11:40:05 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA12730; Thu, 4 Mar 1999 15:14:27 GMT
Received: from mail.caribe.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA12748; Thu, 4 Mar 1999 10:14:20 -0500 (EST)
Received: from default (ppp147.197dip.netdial.caribe.net [209.91.197.147])
	by mail.caribe.net (8.9.0/8.9.0) with ESMTP id LAA26077
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 4 Mar 1999 11:14:45 -0400 (AST)
Message-Id: <199903041514.LAA26077@mail.caribe.net>
From: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
To: "Coral-List" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Fw: I'm Clean
Date: Thu, 4 Mar 1999 11:10:01 -0400
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Priority: 3
X-Mailer: Microsoft Internet Mail 4.70.1155
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 122
----------
>
> SORRY ABOUT HAPPY 99.....Did not know I had it or I was sending it...
> I followed these instructions to remove it....
> Thought I better not send it as an attachment!
> Mary Ann
>
> Read anything  - execute NOTHING!!  This is the key.  If the file has
> (NAME OF FILE) .EXE . .  .DO NOT CLICK ON IT -THIS IS A COMMAND FILE TO
> EXECUTE A PROGRAM.
> Here are the guts for Happy
> This virus is attached to newsgroup and e-mail messages as an
> attachment called Happy99.exe. You cannot get infected with this virus
> just by reading a newsgroup or e-mail message. You have to execute the
> attachment. Almost always, the person who sent it does not know that they
> are sending it out. It does not show up in their Outbox. If you didn't
> execute the attachment, you can just delete it and move on. If you
> execute an infected attachment, it will display a firework display.  It
> will create two files in the Windows System folder, SKA.EXE and SKA.DLL.
> SKA.EXE will be a copy of HAPPY99.EXE. It will copy the original
> WSOCK32.DLL to WSOCK32.SKA. Then it will modify WSOCK32.DLL without
> changing its size so it will try to run SKA.DLL while posting to Usenet
> and sending E-Mail. The SKA.DLL file will silently attach HAPPY99.EXE to
> a second copy of outgoing newsgroup and e-mail messages with a barely
> noticable delay. This second copy will have the same subject and
> recipient, but it will have an empty body. The outgoing message will
> contain the header
> X-Spanska: Yes but this is normally not visible.
>
> It does not modify any other file besides WSOCK32.DLL. WSOCK32.DLL is a
> regular part of Windows that provides a connnection to the Internet.
> If it is unable to modify WSOCK32.DLL, then it will add SKA.EXE to the
> RunOnce section of the registry and WSOCK32.DLL will be modified next
> time the computer starts. It will still create WSOCK32.SKA even if it is
> unable to modify WSOCK32.DLL. This virus will keep a list of message
> recipients in the file LISTE.SKA in the Windows System folder.
> It will try not to send the Happy99.exe file twice to the same person.
>
> This virus does not steal passwords, as some sources have reported. It
> does not contain any payload other than the fireworks display. However,
> it could overload an e-mail server if a lot of copies get passed around.
> Also, since it gets passed along a lot, a different virus could attach
> to HAPPY99.EXE somewhere along the way. Without SKA.DLL and SKA.EXE, the
> modified WSOCK32.DLL cannot perform any viral action.
> However using a modified WSOCK32.DLL could cause problems while on the
> Internet. The most common problem that has been reported is invalid page
> faults, but these can have other causes. Restoring the original
> WSOCK32.DLL will correct these problems.
>
> This virus does not affect Macs, DOS, Windows 3.x, OS/2, Linux or
> WebTV. However, someone using one of those could pass it along
> manually, for example by forwarding the message. Under Windows NT it will
> create SKA.EXE, SKA.DLL, and WSOCK32.SKA but will fail to add itself to
> the registry or modify WSOCK32.DLL. If you have NT, you don't have to
> follow the removal steps; you can simply delete SKA.DLL and SKA.EXE from
> inside Windows NT if you would like.
>
> Some people have asked whether it is always called HAPPY99.EXE. This
> virus doesn't contain any code to change the name. However, it would be
> simple for a person to change it to anything they like.
>
> It contains the encrypted text: "Is it a virus, a worm, a trojan?
> MOUT-MOUT Hybrid (c) Spanska 1999."
>
> Spanska is the alias of a virus writer who has written several other
> viruses.
>
> Removal ;
>
> Steps marked optional are not absolutely necessary and are completely
> safe to skip. If you're not comfortable with DOS, get someone
> knowledgable to help you with this. These steps should be safe, even
> under unexpected circumstances, but I can't make guarantees. Perform
> these at your own risk. If you have Windows NT, you don't have to follow
> the removal steps.
>
>  1.Click Start, then Shut Down, then "Restart Computer in MS-DOS
>    mode", then click Yes. It's important to exit Windows in order to be
>    able to replace the file WSOCK32.DLL which Windows normally has in
> use.
>  2.At the DOS prompt type this exactly and press enter at the end of
>    each line:
>    CD \WINDOWS\SYSTEM
>
>    If that doesn't work, try
>    CD SYSTEM
>
>  3.Delete SKA.EXE and SKA.DLL by typing
>     DEL SKA.EXE
>    DEL SKA.DLL
>
>    If you get "File not found" you're either not infected or in the
> wrong directory. Make sure you're in your Windows System directory; check
> to see if you followed step 2 exactly.
>
>  4.Copy WSOCK32.SKA to WSOCK32.DLL by typing
>    ATTRIB -R WSOCK32.DLL
>    COPY WSOCK32.SKA WSOCK32.DLL
>
>    Answer "Yes" if it asks if you want to overwrite WSOCK32.DLL.
>    Explanation: WSOCK32.SKA is a backup of the original
>    WSOCK32.DLL. You are replacing the modified DLL with the
>    original. If you get a "Sharing violation" make sure you followed
> step 1.
>  5.Optional Delete WSOCK32.SKA by typing
>    DEL WSOCK32.SKA
>    You can leave WSOCK32.SKA on your system. It is a copy of your
> original WSOCK32.DLL Do not delete WSOCK32.SKA if you are  unable to
> replace WSOCK32.DLL with WSOCK32.SKA.
>
>  6.Return to Windows by typing
>    EXIT
>
>  7.Optional Click Start, then Run, then type regedit in the text box,
>    then click OK. Click HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, then Software, then
> Microsoft, then Windows, then CurrentVersion. Under RunOnce  check for
> SKA.EXE and select it if it is there. Press delete and then  click Yes.
> Close Regedit. Don't change anything else without making  a backup of the
> registry first. If you don't find SKA.EXE in the  registry, it doesn't
> mean you're not infected. SKA.EXE is only added    to the registry if
> HAPPY99.EXE is unable to modify WSOCK32.DLL    when you run it. Also,
> you'll only find it in the registry if you haven't    rebooted since you
> ran HAPPY99.EXE.
>
> ...Optional:  Choose Start, Programs, Accessories, Notepad, choose File,
> then Open then type C:\WINDOWS\SYSTEM\LISTE.SKA in the File    Name box.
> Warn the people on the list, then delete LISTE.SKA. Make    it clear to
> the people you warn that they won't be infected unless    they ran
> happy99.exe, to avoid alarming them unnecessarily. If you    haven't sent
> out any infected e-mails, there won't be a LISTE.SK A.
>  9.Optional Delete the HAPPY99.EXE file. The location of
>    HAPPY99.EXE will vary depending on where you saved it. You can
> delete it simply by dragging it to the Recycle Bin from within
>    Windows or whatever method you prefer. You may still have some
>    messages with HAPPY99.EXE attached in your mailbox. These
>    cannot do anything unless you run them. You can delete them if you
> want to or just ignore them.
> 10.Optional If you aren't sure whether WSOCK32.DLL is infected,
>    choose Start, then Find, then "Files or Folders". Then type
>    WSOCK32.DLL in the "Named" box. In the "Look in" box choose drive
> C: or whatever drive you have Windows on. In the "Containing Text"    box
> type "ska.dll" without the quotes. Then click "Find Now". If you    don't
> find any files, that means that wsock32.dll isn't the modified
> version. If you don't have the modified WSOCK32.DLL, the virus has    no
> way to attach to e-mails, even if you have SKA.EXE, SKA.DLL    and
> WSOCK32.SKA in the Windows System folder. If you have    SKA.EXE in the
> RunOnce registry section, and you haven't deleted    SKA.EXE, then the
> virus will try to modify WSOCK32.DLL the next    time you restart the
> computer.
> ... If you're having trouble with the removal, make
> sure you're following the steps exactly. Make sure you type the
> instructions exactly including spaces and punctuation. You might  ant to
> print out the removal instructions so you have something to refer to. If
> you're having trouble with the DOS commands, get a local person to help
> you with them.
>
>
>
> --------- End forwarded message ----------
>
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Mar  4 15:07:50 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA18371; Thu, 4 Mar 1999 15:07:47 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA21894; Thu, 4 Mar 1999 15:11:04 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma021866; Thu, 4 Mar 99 15:10:20 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA11814; Thu, 4 Mar 1999 19:08:27 GMT
Received: from linus.ngs.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA11822; Thu, 4 Mar 1999 14:08:21 -0500 (EST)
Received: from ocean.nos.noaa.gov (ocean.nos.noaa.gov [140.90.168.102])
	by linus.ngs.noaa.gov (8.8.6 (PHNE_17135)/8.8.6) with SMTP id OAA10761
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 4 Mar 1999 14:01:13 -0500 (EST)
Message-ID: <n1291566092.18339@ocean.nos.noaa.gov>
Date: 4 Mar 1999 14:08:09 -0500
From: "Haskell, Ben" <bhaskell@ocean.nos.noaa.gov>
Subject: Sanctuary No-Take Zone Performance
To: "Coral list" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
X-Mailer: Mail*Link SMTP for Quarterdeck Mail; Version 4.1.0
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="ISO-8859-1"; Name="Message Body"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Haskell, Ben" <bhaskell@ocean.nos.noaa.gov>
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id PAA18371
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 123
For immediate release
March 4, 1999
U.S. Department of Commerce
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Ocean Service
Marine Sanctuaries Division
Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary
CONTACT:  	Cheva Heck			Ben Haskell
	(305) 292-0311		(305)743-2437, ext. 25
 First-Year Results Show Sanctuary No-Take Zones Beginning to Change Fish and Lobster Populations
Marathon -- After their first full year of protection, the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary's 23 no-take zones are showing signs of restoring spiny lobster (Panulirus argus)  and fish populations, according to results from the long-term zone monitoring program.
In July of 1997, the sanctuary established a pioneering marine zoning program that includes three types of no-take zones: eighteen small sanctuary preservation areas, four special use areas and an ecological reserve.  The zones comprise less than one percent of the sanctuary but protect much of its critical coral reef habitat.  That same year, the sanctuary initiated a five-year zone monitoring program looking at changes in ecosystem function and populations of key species.
"We are surprised how quickly animal populations are responding to these no-take zones. It's probably a good indication of the intense exploitation pressure they are under.  We're looking forward to many more surprises from these zones over the coming years," said Ben Haskell, sanctuary science coordinator.
Carrollyn Cox and John Hunt of the Florida Department of Environmental Protection used teams of divers to compare lobster populations in fifteen sanctuary no-take areas with reference sites open to fishing.  The divers found significantly more legal lobsters (carapace length greater than 76 millimeters) in no-take areas during both study years, 1997 and 1998.
In 1997, Cox and Hunt found that the size of legal lobsters was the same in no-take areas and reference sites.  But by 1998, lobsters in the no-take areas that exceeded legal size were significantly larger than legal lobsters in reference sites.
First-year results from a second lobster study provide additional evidence of increased abundance and size in the no-take areas.  The sentinel lobster fishery project used a commercial fisherman fishing traditional trap gear to compare lobster populations in Western Sambo Ecological Reserve with populations in Middle Sambo and Pelican Shoal, nearby areas that are open to fishing.  Results from 1998 indicate that lobsters were significantly larger and more abundant in the reserve compared to outside reference sites.
The average annual abundance of economically important reef fish (yellowtail snapper, hogfish, and grouper) were compared to a long-term baseline and between no-take zones and comparable reference sites.  Grouper analysis excluded two small rarely targeted species: graysby and coney.  In all cases, the highest average abundances were observed in no-take zones in 1998, the first full year of no-take protection, according to a preliminary analysis under the direction of Dr. Jim Bohnsack with the National Marine Fisheries Service.  Grouper in the remote Tortugas region were more abundant than in the rest of the Florida Keys.
Rates of fish herbivory in the zones compared to reference sites provide another intriguing indication that the zones may be beginning to restore the natural food chain.  Dr. Margaret Miller of the National Marine Fisheries Service found that herbivory was higher in the no-take zones during 1997 compared to outside reference sites, but declined in the largest zone in 1998.  This points to a potential trophic cascade effect, in which herbivorous fish populations initially increase, but then decline as predatory fish populations rebound from overfishing.
The monitoring program also looks at other key species, such as coral, queen conch (Strombus gigas), fish and urchins.  Coral community dynamics are being intensively monitored in 3 zones and reference sites by Drs. John Ogden, Richard Aronson, and Struan R. Smith.  The response time for coral is expected to be much longer than that of heavily exploited and faster growing species such as lobster or fish.
The Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, designated in 1990, protects 2,800 square nautical miles of critical marine habitat, including coral reef, hardbottom, seagrass meadows, mangrove communities and sand flats.  In addition to the marine zoning program, key sanctuary initiatives include a water quality protection program, extensive education and volunteer programs, channel marking initiatives, and installing and maintaining mooring buoys to prevent damage to the reef.
###
If you would like a copy of the first year Zone Performance Report please email Ben Haskell at bhaskell@ocean.nos.noaa.gov.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Mar  5 16:19:24 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA07889; Fri, 5 Mar 1999 16:19:22 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA28942; Fri, 5 Mar 1999 16:22:04 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028879; Fri, 5 Mar 99 16:21:34 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA21054; Fri, 5 Mar 1999 20:27:14 GMT
Received: from relay1.Hawaii.Edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id PAA21139; Fri, 5 Mar 1999 15:27:07 -0500 (EST)
Received: from uhunix1.its.hawaii.edu ([128.171.44.6]) by relay1.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <149461(6)>; Fri, 5 Mar 1999 10:25:24 -1000
Received: from localhost by uhunix1.its.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <135689(2)>; Fri, 5 Mar 1999 10:25:09 -1000
Date: 	Fri, 5 Mar 1999 10:25:07 -1000
From: "J. Charles Delbeek" <delbeek@hawaii.edu>
X-Sender: delbeek@uhunix1
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Water Temperature Info required
Message-ID: <Pine.GSO.4.05.9903051022580.11784-100000@uhunix1>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "J. Charles Delbeek" <delbeek@hawaii.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 124
Does anyone know where I might be able to find daily water temperature
records for various locale around the world i.e. Fiji, Red Sea, Indonesia,
Caribbean etc? Is there one website that would have this info or a book
reference, or do I need to consult several sources?
Mahalo!
J. Charles Delbeek M.Sc.
Aquarium Biologist
Waikiki Aquarium
University of Hawaii
"The fact that my physiology differs from yours pleases me to no end."
Mr. Spock
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Mar  8 08:55:57 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA20927; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 08:55:54 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA28073; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 08:58:38 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma027940; Mon, 8 Mar 99 08:57:37 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA01044; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 12:45:19 GMT
Date: Mon, 8 Mar 1999 12:45:19 GMT
Message-Id: <199903081245.MAA01044@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: "NOAA's CHAMP" <coral@aoml.noaa.gov>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: CHAMP crashes again
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "NOAA's CHAMP" <coral@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 125
Ladies and Gentlemen,
	My sincere apologies, but the coral workstation
(coral@coral.aoml.noaa.gov), which hosts coral-list and the CHAMP Home
Page, crashed on March 6, 1999, at 9:31am (EST) due to a memory error in
our SIMM S3, but is now back up.  If you posted any messages to
coral-list, please give the Internet time to re-post them again.  If they
do not show on coral-list by the end of today, please try reposting them.
	We are trying to acquire funding for the workstation so this will
not happen quite so frequently as it has been.  Sorry for the
inconvenience.
	Cheers,
	Jim Hendee
	CHAMP Admininstrator
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Mar  8 08:56:58 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA20965; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 08:56:54 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA28216; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 08:59:37 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028162; Mon, 8 Mar 99 08:59:25 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA01088; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 12:57:46 GMT
Received: from xaymaca.uwimona.edu.jm by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id HAA01080; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 07:57:13 -0500 (EST)
Received: from minotaur.uwimona.edu.jm (minotaur.uwimona.edu.jm [196.3.0.2])
	by xaymaca.uwimona.edu.jm (8.9.0/8.9.0) with SMTP id PAA00920;
	Sat, 6 Mar 1999 15:59:16 -0500 (GMT+5:00)
Received: from localhost by minotaur.uwimona.edu.jm (4.1/SMI-4.1)
	id AA05113; Sat, 6 Mar 99 15:01:59-050
Date: Sat, 6 Mar 1999 15:01:58 -0500 (GMT-0500)
From: Jeremy Woodley <woodley@uwimona.edu.jm>
To: "J. Charles Delbeek" <delbeek@hawaii.edu>
Cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, Dulcie Linton <dmlinton@uwimona.edu.jm>
Subject: Re: Water Temperature Info required
In-Reply-To: <Pine.GSO.4.05.9903051022580.11784-100000@uhunix1>
Message-Id: <Pine.SUN.3.95.990306145828.3360D-100000@minotaur.uwimona.edu.jm>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jeremy Woodley <woodley@uwimona.edu.jm>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 126
CARICOMP can provide data from Caribbean sites: contact Dulcie Linton,
Data Manager, at the above address.  But both she and I will be offline
all next week.
Jeremy Woodley
On Fri, 5 Mar 1999, J. Charles Delbeek wrote:
> Does anyone know where I might be able to find daily water temperature
> records for various locale around the world i.e. Fiji, Red Sea, Indonesia,
> Caribbean etc? Is there one website that would have this info or a book
> reference, or do I need to consult several sources?
>
> Mahalo!
>
> J. Charles Delbeek M.Sc.
>
> Aquarium Biologist
> Waikiki Aquarium
> University of Hawaii
>
> "The fact that my physiology differs from yours pleases me to no end."
> Mr. Spock
>
>
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Mar  8 08:58:41 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA21014; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 08:58:39 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA28469; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 09:01:38 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028421; Mon, 8 Mar 99 09:01:15 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA01000; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 12:36:52 GMT
Received: from gamma.nsf.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id HAA00996; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 07:36:39 -0500 (EST)
Received: by gamma.nsf.gov; id MAA10681; Sun, 7 Mar 1999 12:15:49 -0500 (EST)
Received: from nsfmail03.nsf.gov( 128.150.5.34) by gamma.nsf.gov via smap (3.2)
	id xma010658; Sun, 7 Mar 99 12:15:31 -0500
Received: by nsfmail03.nsf.gov with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
	id <GDLT9YJX>; Sun, 7 Mar 1999 12:15:16 -0500
Message-ID: <97B143F7B54DD211845600A0C9D60E88FEA5A1@nsfmail03.nsf.gov>
From: "Taylor, Phillip R" <prtaylor@nsf.gov>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: non-indigenous species in reef systems
Date: Sun, 7 Mar 1999 12:15:16 -0500
MIME-Version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
Content-Type: text/plain
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Taylor, Phillip R" <prtaylor@nsf.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 127
Looking for some quick responses to a simple query.  Please respond directly
to me.
My own sense as a coral reef ecologist is that the issue of environmental
perturbations due to non-indigenous, or "invasive" species is not in the
front line of environmental problems in reef systems.
Is there any evidence that this impression is way off base.
Thanks for any input,
Phil Taylor
****************************************
Phillip R. Taylor, Director
Biological Oceanography Program
Division of Ocean Sciences
National Science Foundation
4201 Wilson Blvd., Suite 725
Arlington,  Virginia,  USA  22230
703-306-1587,    fax: 703-306-0390
prtaylor@nsf.gov
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Mar  8 11:26:18 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA24605; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 11:26:15 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA11466; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 11:29:12 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma011454; Mon, 8 Mar 99 11:29:06 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA01986; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 15:27:44 GMT
Received: from mail.caribe.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA01954; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 10:27:37 -0500 (EST)
Received: from default (ppp3.197dip.netdial.caribe.net [209.91.197.3])
	by mail.caribe.net (8.9.0/8.9.0) with ESMTP id LAA05770
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 11:29:59 -0400 (AST)
Message-Id: <199903081529.LAA05770@mail.caribe.net>
From: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
To: "Coral-List" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Fw: Illinois State Legislature has introduced a bill that willremove the eastern massasauga from ESA
Date: Mon, 8 Mar 1999 11:24:58 -0400
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Priority: 3
X-Mailer: Microsoft Internet Mail 4.70.1155
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 128
----------
> From: Allen Salzberg <x5245@erols.com>
> To: asalzberg@aol.com
> Subject: Illinois State Legislature has introduced a bill that willremove
the eastern massasauga from ESA
> Date: Monday, March 08, 1999 10:17 AM
>
> Gary Casper <gsc@mpm.edu>
> Subject: Urgent situation, Illinois de-listing endangered species
> Please re-distribute appropriately.
>
> ILLINOIS STATE LEGISLATORS PROPOSE DE-LISTING ENDANGERED SPECIES
>
> Members of the Illinois State Legislature have introduced a bill that
will
> remove the eastern massasauga, brook lamprey, and Indiana crayfish from
the
> list of IL threatened and endangered species. Sponsors are Kurt Granberg
> and Larry Woolard, who reportedly claim that these three species are
> "getting in the way" of development in their districts. The bill
reportedly
> made it out of committee Wednesday by a large majority. The date for
floor
> debate is unknown at this time.
>
> The IL DNR has distributed a position paper on this bill, coming out
> strongly against it.
>
> The precedent this bill would set, if successful, has implications for
all
> rare species. If non-biologists are allowed to draft bills removing
> protected status for species without any supportive data showing
recovery,
> simply in order to avoid compliance with endangered species laws, then
> endangered species laws become non-functional and useless.
>
> Letters are urgently needed. Letters can be written to any of the State
> Reps in Illinois, and letters from Illinois citizens will have the
greatest
> impact. Others are certainly encouraged to write. The bill is HB 2243.
> Illinois legislator addresses and phone numbers are available at:
> http://www.state.il.us/legis/default.htm
>
> The bill has not gone to the senate yet, so letters should be sent to
> representatives, not senators, at this time.
>
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Mar  8 12:39:41 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA25761; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 12:39:38 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA18546; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 12:43:03 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma018472; Mon, 8 Mar 99 12:42:22 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA02458; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 16:44:07 GMT
Received: from biology.ucsc.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA02465; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 11:43:56 -0500 (EST)
Received: from dhcp-25-55.UCSC.EDU (dhcp-25-55.UCSC.EDU [128.114.25.144]) by biology.ucsc.edu (8.8.8/8.6.11) with ESMTP id IAA25230; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 08:43:53 -0800 (PST)
Date: Mon, 8 Mar 1999 08:41:57 -0800 (Pacific Standard Time)
From: Donald Potts <potts@biology.ucsc.edu>
To: "Taylor, Phillip R" <prtaylor@nsf.gov>
cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: non-indigenous species in reef systems
In-Reply-To: <97B143F7B54DD211845600A0C9D60E88FEA5A1@nsfmail03.nsf.gov>
Message-ID: <Pine.WNT.4.03.9903080840180.-432133@potts.ucsc.edu>
X-X-Sender: potts@darwin.ucsc.edu
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Donald Potts <potts@biology.ucsc.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 129
Phil,
Your impression agrees with mine overall. The major exception may be some
of the disease organisms that appear to be increasing in abundance. I'm
thinking in particular of some of the work from Drew Harvell's group
Don Potts
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Mar  8 15:16:07 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA28526; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 15:16:00 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA13042; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 15:18:58 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma012967; Mon, 8 Mar 99 15:18:00 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA03251; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 19:25:06 GMT
Received: from gsaix2.cc.GaSoU.EDU by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA03252; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 14:24:53 -0500 (EST)
Received: from [141.165.35.163] (lab1120-07.bio.GaSoU.edu [141.165.35.163]) by gsaix2.cc.GaSoU.EDU (AIX4.2/UCB 8.7/8.7) with ESMTP id OAA24654 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 14:29:44 -0500 (EST)
Message-Id: <l03130303b309d41f112b@[141.165.35.163]>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Date: Mon, 8 Mar 1999 14:24:47 -0500
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Kenyon Mobley <gsi19453@gsaix2.cc.gasou.edu>
Subject: more on ESA and bryozoans
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Kenyon Mobley <gsi19453@gsaix2.cc.gasou.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 130
  Copyright 1999 Palm Beach Newspaper, Inc.
>>
>>                              The Palm Beach Post
>>
>>               March 6, 1999, Saturday,  MARTIN-ST. LUCIE EDITION
>>
>>SECTION: LOCAL,  Pg. 1B
>>
>>LENGTH: 613 words
>>
>>HEADLINE: DREDGE HALTED BECAUSE OF RARE CREATURE
>>
>>BYLINE: Jim Reeder, Palm Beach Post Staff Writer
>>
>>DATELINE: FORT PIERCE
>>
>>BODY:
>>   Dredges pumping sand onto Fort Pierce's South Beach were stopped Friday
>>by a
>>federal judge who agreed the Army Corps of Engineers may not have done
>>adequate
>>environmental impact studies before starting the project.
>>
>>   U.S. District Judge Henry H. Kennedy in Washington issued a temporary
>>injunction stopping the work until further hearings are held on whether
>>the work
>>should be stopped permanently.
>>
>>   St. Lucie County officials said the work stoppage will cost $ 50,000 to $
>>80,000 per day in fees that must be paid to Weeks Marine Inc. of Camden,
>>N.J.,
>>whether they're pumping sand or not.
>>
>>   ''Our money will go to the contractor and we'll have nothing to show for
>>it,'' County Commission Chairman Paula Lewis said. ''The earliest we'll be
>>able
>>to resume work is probably February, 2001, and we'll have no money.''
>>
>>   Dredges started work this week and had pumped about 100,000 cubic yards of
>>sand onto the beach, Lewis said. Plans called for nearly 1 million cubic
>>yards
>>to rebuild the beach from the South Jetty to near Ocean Village condominium.
>>
>>   Two scientists and three environmental groups filed suit in Washington
>>Monday
>>seeking the project halt because the Army Corps of Engineers did no
>>studies on
>>the presence of 12 species of ocean creatures called bryozoans.
>>
>>   The only place the species have been found is Capron Shoal, the underwater
>>sandpile 3.5 miles off Fort Pierce where the corps obtained sand to renourish
>>the beach.
>>
>>   Such rare animals are entitled to special consideration under the
>>Endangered Species Act, the suit said.
>>
>>   Kennedy heard arguments Thursday and issued his stop-work order Friday
>>morning, attorney Eric Glitzenstein said.
>>
>>
>>   ''The judge said it appears likely we will prevail after further
>>hearings,''
>>Glitzenstein said. ''The corps says these species likely are found elsewhere,
>>but they haven't looked for them.''
>>   Corps officials could not be reached for comment Friday.
>>
>>   ''I want to see the beach renourished, but I'm disappointed the corps
>>didn't
>>do adequate review of alternate sites and consider these species,''
>>Commissioner
>>Doug Coward said.
>>
>>   Commissioner Cliff Barnes is angry opponents torpedoed years of work
>>on the
>>project.
>>
>>   ''The allegation these creatures are rare or non-existent elsewhere is
>>completely unsubstantiated,'' Barnes said. ''Nowhere do the opponents say
>>they
>>looked a half-mile away or a mile away to see if these species are there.
>>
>>   ''This may save these creatures . . .  but it leaves our beaches
>>unprotected
>>through another hurricane season and reduces turtle-nesting areas.''
>>
>>   The suit was filed by Judith E. Winston, a Martinsville, Va., researcher;
>>North Beach resident Brian Kilday, who works at Harbor Branch Oceanographic
>>Institute; the St. Lucie Audubon Society, Conservation Alliance of St. Lucie
>>County and the St. Lucie Waterfront Council
>>
>>   Shoal harbors new bryozoan species
>>
>>   Bryozoans are tiny marine animals that live on grains of sand or in
>>colonies
>>between sand grains, seaweed and pilings. Nine new species and a new genus
>>live
>>on Capron Shoal off Fort Pierce.
>>
>>   HOW THEY LIVE: Imagine sand grains as giant boulders, water thick as honey
>>and bits of food drifting by in the glop. Stormy weather stirs the sand,
>>causing
>>injury, death and damage.
>>
>>   WHAT THEY EAT: Bacteria and microscopic algae.
>>
>>   KEEPING CLEAN: When algae soils the colony, it sheds its outer layer.
>>
>>   SEX LIVES: They reproduce sexually and asexually.
>>
>>   LIFE SPANS: Unknown; believed short.
>>
>>   VALUE TO HUMANS: Part of ocean's water-cleansing filter system. Unexplored
>>potential. Bryozoan relatives contain a potent anti-cancer agent used to
>>treat
>>lymphoma and leukemia.
>>
>>   Source: Judith Winston, scientist
>>
>>NOTES:
>>Info box at end of text
>>
>>GRAPHIC: MAP (C), MARK HEMPHILL/Staff Artist, Location Map of Capron Shoal
>>
>>COMPANY:  ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS (84%);
>>
>>LOAD-DATE: March 8, 1999
>>
>>
>>
>>Defenders of Wildlife
>>1101 14th St. NW, Suite 1400
>>Washington, DC 20005
>>(202)-682-9400 ext. 283
>>fax: (202)-682-1331
>>LHood@Defenders.org
>>
KBM
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Mar  8 15:55:44 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA29519; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 15:55:41 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA16431; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 15:58:22 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma016396; Mon, 8 Mar 99 15:57:49 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA03660; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 20:24:15 GMT
Received: from bio.bu.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id PAA03646; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 15:24:04 -0500 (EST)
Received: from [128.197.80.172] (MBL-MAC1.BU.EDU [128.197.80.172])
	by bio.bu.edu ((8.8.8.buoit.v1.0)/8.8.8/(BU-S-10/16/98-v1.0a)) with SMTP id PAA24491
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 15:24:01 -0500 (EST)
Message-Id: <199903082024.PAA24491@bio.bu.edu>
X-Sender: lesk@bio.bu.edu
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Date: Mon, 8 Mar 1999 15:38:12 -0400
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: lesk@bio.bu.edu (Les Kaufman)
Subject: Re: non-indigenous species in reef systems
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: lesk@bio.bu.edu (Les Kaufman)
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 131
Phil, there are some invasive species problems in coral reef systems that
are potentially very serious.
1.  The introduction of exotic Euchema and other algae for the carageenan
and agar industries.  These have significantly altered the ecology of
Kaneohoe Bay, for example.  HIMB folks have data.  They are also working on
Dictyosphaeria cavernosa but I presume that this was native, and just took
off with eutrophication.
2.  Shrimp aquaculture is resulting in the worldwide spread of both decapod
pathogens and non-indigenous penaeids.  Whether this is a coral reef issue
or not is still an open question.  I have a student doing a senior thesis
on the potential impacts of shrimp aquaculture in Oman, and she is in touch
with various people looking at these issues.  Dana Meadows at Dartmouth is
one of them, and a good contact.
3.  Fish introductions in coral reef systems are not unknown, but their
effects are not well known.  The classic example is the introduction of
Cephalophalis argus (and three other species) to Hawaiian waters.  Jack
Randall is the expert on that.  C. argus is now an abundant fish in some
places, and you have to suspect that the introduction of a small grouper to
a reef system that formerly lacked any such creature has to have some
interesting effects.
4.  The escape of a domesticated form of Caulerpa taxifolia in the
Mediterannean has serious implications for coral reef habitats as well.
Jim Carlton knows who to get in touch with about this, I think.
5.  Aquarists or aquarium fish collectors have tried to introduce valuable
Indo-Pacific species to Kaneohoe Bay.  For example, several lemonpeel
angelfish were known in the bay for a while, though I don't think they
established and I have not seen them around.  Talk to Chris Brown at HIMB
about the aquarium trade.
6.  Aquaculture of marine aquarium fishes is on the edge of becoming a
profitable, transportable business.  Clownfishes are being reared in large
numbers in the Caribbean, for example.  It is unlikely that they in
particular would naturalize in the Caribbean, but not impossible.  As
mariculture spreads, there are serious issues we need to consider...all of
the usual ones.
Phil, these are off the top of my head.  For what it's worth, I ended my
paper at the recent international meeting on marine bioinvasions (my paper
was about Lake Victoria), with slides of Euchema and C. argus in Hawaii.  I
draw analogies between Euchema and water hyacinth, and C. argus and Lates.
Those in the audience who noticed said that they really enjoyed the Lake
Vic data but thought the coda was a reach.  I disaggree.  I think that what
we learned from Lake Vic should be kept in mind in nearshore marine
tropical waters, and that this will become a real issue as mariculture
becomes more prevalent.
Hope that is of use.
Les Kaufman
Boston University Marine Program
Department of Biology
Boston University
5 Cummington Street
Boston, MA 02215
e-mail: lesk@bio.bu.edu
phone: 617-353-5560
fax:   617-353-6340
 Ex Africa semper aliquid novi.
"There is always something new out of Africa."
 - Pliny the Elder
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Mar  8 15:55:45 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA29508; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 15:55:39 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA16429; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 15:58:22 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma016329; Mon, 8 Mar 99 15:57:22 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA03533; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 20:08:06 GMT
Message-Id: <199903082008.UAA03533@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: "Ecosurveys" <tcoles@ecosurveys.win-uk.net>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Marine Scientist Post
Date: Mon, 8 Mar 1999 13:38:31 -0000
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Ecosurveys" <tcoles@ecosurveys.win-uk.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 132
Our ref:  TC/plm1394
8 March 1999
Dear Colleague
MARINE SCIENTIST POST MAY - OCTOBER 1999
SULAWESI, INDONESIA
We are looking for a Marine Scientist to join a survey of the Wakatobi
Marine National Park in South East Sulawesi for a 6 month contract and I
am writing to see if you know of anyone who might be interested in this
post. Operation Wallacea is a not-for-profit project in South East
Sulawesi where paying volunteers have joined biologists to help complete
species surveys of a newly created Marine National Park.  A list of the
project's achievements is enclosed which includes winning the Best
Conservation Project in South East Asia Award in 1998 from ASEANTA.
Further details of the projects that are being carried out by Operation
Wallacea can be found at our website at www.operationwallacea.win-uk.net.
We are looking for a qualified marine scientist with experience in Indo
Pacific reefs to direct the marine science programme for 1999.  The
objectives of the programme are:
=B7 to complete an interim review of the Opisthobranch fauna of the Wakatob=
i
Marine National Park.  A year's worth of data has already been collected
from the area and 170 species recorded.  An outline for a paper which it
is proposed to produce by April 2000 on the Opisthobranch fauna is
enclosed.
=B7 to complete surveys of the Chaetodontid species around the National
Park.
=B7 to compete surveys of the anemone fish and their host species around th=
e
National Park.
=B7 to continue compiling species lists and photographs for species in
various groups (eg sponges, tunicates, other fish groups).
Groups of volunteers (mostly final year undergraduates or MSc students)
will join the project over the contract period and will need to be trained
to identify the particular target groups (eg 2 or 3 Opisthobranch
families)  being studied at the time of their visit.  The marine scientist
will have to run a training programme and test the volunteers and once
they are competent enable them to participate in distributional, abundance
and other surveys for the study group.  At the end of each week the target
group being studied will change to a new group (eg butterflyfish) so that
volunteers at the marine base will help survey a range of different
organisms during their stay.  Surveys will be conducted partly by diving
and partly by snorkelling and during July and August a dive ship (sleeps
15) will be available to take groups of volunteers on expeditions to more
remote parts of the archipelago.
The Marine Scientist will be based on Hoga island in the Wakatobi Marine
National Park and will have the support of two Assistant Scientists during
the busy part of the season (June - September).  The diving safety will be
looked after by Dive Instructors and the operation of the expedition base,
maintenance of equipment, management of local staff, etc will be carried
out by the Expedition Manager.  At busy times of year there will also be a
photographer on site to record the species being studied and organise
photographic development.
The duties of the Marine Scientist would be:
=B7 To agree the work programme for the 1999 marine species survey on Hoga
with the Operation Wallacea Project Director before commencement of the
surveys.
=B7 To organise and direct the marine species surveys in Indonesia for
Operation Wallacea
=B7 To train new volunteer divers in how to identify the target groups for
study and provide assistance to them with the survey work.
=B7 To give background lectures on Indo Pacific coral reef eco-systems and
their conservation to volunteer groups.
=B7 To ensure that species data are recorded accurately by organising
quality control checks on the volunteer-gathered data.
=B7 To liaise with students preparing research papers on the Opisthobranch,
Chaeotodontid and Serranid fauna of the Wakatobi for later publication.
=B7 To carry out such other duties on Operation Wallacea as may be required
from time to time to ensure the efficient operation of the project.
If you do know of anyone who might be interested I would be grateful if
you would get them to complete the enclosed questionnaire and return it to
me (e-mail:  tcoles@ecosurveys.win-uk.net) by 24 March 1999.
Thanks for your help.
Dr Tim Coles
Project Director
Application for Marine Scientist contract with Operation Wallacea May -
October 1999 to be based in the Wakatobi Marine National Park, Sulawesi
Please complete the following questions using as much space as you require
and return to <tcoles@ecosurveys.win-uk.net> by 24 March 1999.
Name:
Address:
Tel:
Fax:
e-mail:
Academic qualifications and Universities attended:
Relevant posts held and current job/contract:
Relevant publications:
What experience do you have in studying Opisthobranchs?:
What experience do you have in studying Chaetodontids?:
What experience do you have in studying anemone fish?:
Describe any relevant experience in the identification of other coral reef
groups of organisms:
Describe any relevant experience you have in training groups of University
students:
Describe any lecturing experience you have:
Dive qualifications:
Number of dives:
Do you have any health problems that would affect diving or other medical
conditions?:
Do you have any special food requirements?:
Describe any experience you have in underwater photography and/or photo
development:
Describe any relevant expedition experience you have:
What languages do you speak (indicate level of competence)?:
Please note we are looking for an experienced marine biologist with good
presentational skills.  The post will be remunerated depending on the level
of experience of the successful candidate.  Please indicate the level of
remuneration you would expect to undertake this contract.
Please supply the name and contact details for two referees.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Mar  8 17:34:08 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA01576; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 17:34:06 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA23065; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 17:37:29 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma023033; Mon, 8 Mar 99 17:36:55 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id WAA04135; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 22:01:30 GMT
Received: from relay1.Hawaii.Edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA04072; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 17:01:19 -0500 (EST)
Received: from uhunix1.its.hawaii.edu ([128.171.44.6]) by relay1.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <151251(9)>; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 12:01:12 -1000
Received: from localhost by uhunix1.its.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <135682(6)>; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 12:00:51 -1000
Date: 	Mon, 8 Mar 1999 12:00:48 -1000
From: "J. Charles Delbeek" <delbeek@hawaii.edu>
X-Sender: delbeek@uhunix1
To: Donald Potts <potts@biology.ucsc.edu>
cc: "Taylor, Phillip R" <prtaylor@nsf.gov>, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: non-indigenous species in reef systems
In-Reply-To: <Pine.WNT.4.03.9903080840180.-432133@potts.ucsc.edu>
Message-ID: <Pine.GSO.4.05.9903081159380.16223-100000@uhunix1>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "J. Charles Delbeek" <delbeek@hawaii.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 133
On Mon, 8 Mar 1999, Donald Potts wrote:
I am not sure, but here in Hawaii we have more than our fair share of
introdcued species, both aquatic and terrestrial, I know there are
concerns about some of the introduced snapper species
 J. Charles Delbeek
M.Sc.
Aquarium Biologist
Waikiki Aquarium
University of Hawaii
"The fact that my physiology differs from yours pleases me to no end."
Mr. Spock
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Mar  8 17:45:14 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA01799; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 17:45:12 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA23786; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 17:48:36 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma023777; Mon, 8 Mar 99 17:48:32 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id WAA04215; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 22:13:07 GMT
Received: from relay1.Hawaii.Edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA04192; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 17:12:59 -0500 (EST)
Received: from uhunix1.its.hawaii.edu ([128.171.44.6]) by relay1.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <151051(5)>; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 12:12:53 -1000
Received: from localhost by uhunix1.its.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <135670(4)>; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 12:12:34 -1000
Date: 	Mon, 8 Mar 1999 12:12:30 -1000
From: "J. Charles Delbeek" <delbeek@hawaii.edu>
X-Sender: delbeek@uhunix1
To: Les Kaufman <lesk@bio.bu.edu>
cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: non-indigenous species in reef systems
In-Reply-To: <199903082024.PAA24491@bio.bu.edu>
Message-ID: <Pine.GSO.4.05.9903081208040.16223-100000@uhunix1>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "J. Charles Delbeek" <delbeek@hawaii.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 134
On Mon, 8 Mar 1999, Les Kaufman wrote:
> 3.  Fish introductions in coral reef systems are not unknown, but their
> effects are not well known.  The classic example is the introduction of
> Cephalophalis argus (and three other species) to Hawaiian waters.  Jack
> Randall is the expert on that.  C. argus is now an abundant fish in some
> places, and you have to suspect that the introduction of a small grouper to
> a reef system that formerly lacked any such creature has to have some
> interesting effects.
>
Of greater concern has been the bluestripe snapper Lutajanus kasmira that
was introduced to Hawaii in 1958 against the advice of Jack Randall. It is
now believed that this species may be impacting kona crab populations and
deepwater snapper, opakapaka.
> 5.  Aquarists or aquarium fish collectors have tried to introduce valuable
> Indo-Pacific species to Kaneohoe Bay.  For example, several lemonpeel
> angelfish were known in the bay for a while, though I don't think they
> established and I have not seen them around.  Talk to Chris Brown at HIMB
> about the aquarium trade.
They are still there, along with Christmas Island flame angels and Koran
angels.
J. Charles Delbeek M.Sc.
Aquarium Biologist
Waikiki Aquarium
University of Hawaii
"The fact that my physiology differs from yours pleases me to no end."
Mr. Spock
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Mar  8 18:53:49 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id SAA02538; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 18:53:38 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA27095; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 18:56:21 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma027072; Mon, 8 Mar 99 18:55:25 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id XAA04547; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 23:23:27 GMT
Received: from tlali.iztacala.unam.mx by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id SAA04508; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 18:23:16 -0500 (EST)
Received: from localhost (epcoria@localhost)
	by tlali.iztacala.unam.mx (8.8.7/8.8.7) with ESMTP id RAA12433
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 17:29:00 -0600
Date: Mon, 8 Mar 1999 17:28:59 -0600 (CST)
From: "Palacios Coria Eduardo (st)" <epcoria@tlali.iztacala.unam.mx>
To: "'coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov'" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Requesting advise
Message-ID: <Pine.LNX.4.04.9903081722310.12396-100000@tlali.iztacala.unam.mx>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Palacios Coria Eduardo (st)" <epcoria@tlali.iztacala.unam.mx>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 135
To All Coral People
Let me introduce myself. Nowadays I`m studying biology at the National
University of Mexico with a major in marine biology. I`m performing a
bachelor dissertation on Acropora palmata recruitment and partial
mortality rates at the Veracruz Reef System (VRS), Gulf of Mexico. This
species is very important because it is a major reef-building  species
that grows fast at windward reef slope. I would like to  know, the actual
condition of the VRS, specially at Isla Verde reef, 9 km. off the
Veracruzs Port, considering the status of the A. palmata population. It is
well known that some 20 or 25 years ago its abundance was high, but not at
present.
Recruitment will be measured as the number of colonies (<2 cm) per area
unit, using 25x25 xm sampling quadrats. Partial mortality will be
considered as the proportion of the population affected by some degree of
tissue necrosis. Coral density will be measured by line transects, an on
each colony that interceps the line the percentage of tissue necrosis will
be estimated.
With this data I will determine if  population is in the process of
recovering  or if it continues environmentally threatened. My hipothesis
is that if the population is healthy the recruitment index will be high
and partial mortality  low.
As Isla Verde is a platform-type reef, with a well developed slope in all
directions, the sampling design include 4 sampling stations at NW, NE, SW
and SE  reefs slopes at 1-7 m depth (the depth of higher bottom abundance
and coverage of A. palmata).
I would appreciate any suggestion on this issue.
What`s  your opinion about this?
Does the hypothesis will work?
Any comments on the methodology?
Thanks in advance for your kindly answer. Please reply directly to me
 Xochitl Coromoto Gonzalez Arteaga
Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico
epcoria@tlali.iztacala.unam.mx
			@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
			Eduardo Palacios Coria
			UNAM - Iztacala
			UBIPRO
			Laboratorio de Biogeoquimica
			Av. de los Barrios s/n Los Reyes Iztacala
			Tlalnepantla, Mexico 054090
			Tel. 623 - 11 - 32
			Fax: 623 - 12 - 25
			@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Mar  9 09:26:36 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA09094; Tue, 9 Mar 1999 09:26:34 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA20378; Tue, 9 Mar 1999 09:29:18 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma020354; Tue, 9 Mar 99 09:28:23 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA08348; Tue, 9 Mar 1999 13:17:22 GMT
Date: Tue, 9 Mar 1999 13:17:22 GMT
Message-Id: <199903091317.NAA08348@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: NOAA's.Coral.Health.and.Monitoring.Program@aoml.noaa.gov
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: New literature list
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: NOAA's.Coral.Health.and.Monitoring.Program@aoml.noaa.gov
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 136
Greetings,
	It is our pleasure to announce that Eric Borneman has graciously
given us his list of over 1100 coral reef literature references to list on
the CHAMP Home Page at http://www.coral.noaa.gov (click on "Literature").
If you have any questions or comments concerning the list, please contact
Eric at Sclerite@aol.com.
	Take care...
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Mar  9 10:42:13 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA10411; Tue, 9 Mar 1999 10:42:11 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA27794; Tue, 9 Mar 1999 10:45:10 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma027780; Tue, 9 Mar 99 10:45:02 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA08849; Tue, 9 Mar 1999 14:43:32 GMT
Received: from hulkhovis.rdc.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id JAA08838; Tue, 9 Mar 1999 09:43:24 -0500 (EST)
Received: from ogp.noaa.gov (quickmail.ogp.noaa.gov [140.90.171.10])
	by hulkhovis.rdc.noaa.gov (8.9.1a/8.9.1) with SMTP id JAA05166
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 9 Mar 1999 09:31:58 -0500 (EST)
Message-ID: <n1291149896.26453@ogp.noaa.gov>
Date: 9 Mar 1999 09:43:03 U
From: "Mark Eakin" <eakin@ogp.noaa.gov>
Subject: Re: non-indigenous species in reef systems
To: "Recipients of coral-list" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
X-Mailer: Mail*Link SMTP-QM 4.1.0
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII"; Name="Message Body"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Mark Eakin" <eakin@ogp.noaa.gov>
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id KAA10411
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 137
        Reply to:   RE>non-indigenous species in reef systems
Phil,
For the most part, I think you are right.  Most reef systems have not been
invaded by exotics in the normal sense of the word.  Of course, the bug that
wiped out Diadema was most probably an exotic pathogen, with much evidence
pointing to transmission by ships.  However, we are accustomed to this mode
of disease transmission.
There are some exceptions in Hawaii, though.  I just retruned from there and
an exotic macroalga is becoming  a major problem in Kaneohe Bay.  I think
that reef systems have just been lucky so far.
Cheers,
Mark
--------------------------------------
Date: 3/8/99 09:18
To: Mark Eakin
From: Taylor, Phillip R
Looking for some quick responses to a simple query.  Please respond directly
to me.
My own sense as a coral reef ecologist is that the issue of environmental
perturbations due to non-indigenous, or "invasive" species is not in the
front line of environmental problems in reef systems.
Is there any evidence that this impression is way off base.
Thanks for any input,
Phil Taylor
****************************************
Phillip R. Taylor, Director
Biological Oceanography Program
Division of Ocean Sciences
National Science Foundation
4201 Wilson Blvd., Suite 725
Arlington,  Virginia,  USA  22230
703-306-1587,    fax: 703-306-0390
prtaylor@nsf.gov
------------------ RFC822 Header Follows ------------------
Received: by ogp.noaa.gov with ADMIN;8 Mar 1999 09:16:53 U
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA01000; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 12:36:52 GMT
Received: from gamma.nsf.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP
(980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id HAA00996; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 07:36:39
-0500 (EST)
Received: by gamma.nsf.gov; id MAA10681; Sun, 7 Mar 1999 12:15:49 -0500 (EST)
Received: from nsfmail03.nsf.gov( 128.150.5.34) by gamma.nsf.gov via smap
(3.2)
	id xma010658; Sun, 7 Mar 99 12:15:31 -0500
Received: by nsfmail03.nsf.gov with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
	id <GDLT9YJX>; Sun, 7 Mar 1999 12:15:16 -0500
Message-ID: <97B143F7B54DD211845600A0C9D60E88FEA5A1@nsfmail03.nsf.gov>
From: "Taylor, Phillip R" <prtaylor@nsf.gov>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: non-indigenous species in reef systems
Date: Sun, 7 Mar 1999 12:15:16 -0500
MIME-Version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
Content-Type: text/plain
Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Taylor, Phillip R" <prtaylor@nsf.gov>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Mar  9 15:53:40 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA17112; Tue, 9 Mar 1999 15:53:37 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA24431; Tue, 9 Mar 1999 15:56:21 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma024356; Tue, 9 Mar 99 15:55:20 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA11032; Tue, 9 Mar 1999 20:13:59 GMT
Message-Id: <199903092013.UAA11032@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Tue, 09 Mar 1999 10:58:29 -0600
From: "Bob Buddemeier" <buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu>
Organization: Kansas Geological Survey
To: Mark Eakin <eakin@ogp.noaa.gov>
CC: Recipients of coral-list <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Re: non-indigenous species in reef systems
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Bob Buddemeier" <buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 138
Let's be careful about interacting variables and proximate vs. ultimate
causes.  I would suggest that macroalgae are pretty much macroalgae,
whether endogenous or exogenous.  There may be a few remote or depauperate
areas (Hawaii might fit the description) that have hitherto lacked an
effective macroalga, but for the most part I would guess that the primary
problem is the environmental change that makes the calcifying community
more vulnerable to algal competition, not the presence/absence of specific
algae.  Same for the disease issue -- the diseases may be new, or newly
introduced, or simply much more virulent in their effect on a weakened
population. Since we have a lot of independent evidence that the
populations are weakened, the last is the most parsimonious solution.
The reefs don't have to be lucky if they are adapted to their environment;
what's unlucky is that precipitous environmental change is changing the
rules more rapidly than they can cope with.  Impacts of introduced species
are more likely to be symptoms than part of the primary insult.
Bob
--
Dr. Robert W. Buddemeier
Senior Scientist, Geohydrology
Kansas Geological Survey
University of Kansas
1930 Constant Ave.
Lawrence, KS 66047
ph (785) 864-3965
fax (785) 864-5317
buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu
http://ghsun2.kgs.ukans.edu/staff/buddemeier.html
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Mar  9 15:55:43 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA17193; Tue, 9 Mar 1999 15:55:41 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA24549; Tue, 9 Mar 1999 15:58:24 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma024532; Tue, 9 Mar 99 15:57:34 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA10990; Tue, 9 Mar 1999 20:13:12 GMT
Message-Id: <199903092013.UAA10990@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Tue, 09 Mar 1999 11:42:52 -0500
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Serge Andrefouet <serge@carbon.marine.usf.edu>
Subject: Landsat LTAP
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Serge Andrefouet <serge@carbon.marine.usf.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 139
Hello everybody,
If you are interested by submitting a reef project using remote sensing for
the LTAP list, please do it before tomorrow!
The final LTAP reef-list will be transmitted to the Landsat team wednesday
10 March in late afternoon.
If you have submitted a project, do you agree that it appears in the final
presentation that I will sent on this list next week? By default, I assume
you agree. If you do not, whatever your reasons, just tell me.
Bye
Serge
Serge Andrefouet
Department of Marine Science
Remote Sensing/ Biological Oceanography
University of South Florida
140, 7th Av. South
St Petersburg
FL 33701
phone: (727) 553-1186
fax:   (727) 553-1103
E-mail: serge@carbon.marine.usf.edu
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Mar  9 16:33:29 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA17716; Tue, 9 Mar 1999 16:33:25 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA27641; Tue, 9 Mar 1999 16:36:51 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma027525; Tue, 9 Mar 99 16:36:10 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA11289; Tue, 9 Mar 1999 20:58:40 GMT
Received: from ns.psi.calva.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id PAA11269; Tue, 9 Mar 1999 15:58:33 -0500 (EST)
Received: from [154.15.20.106] (ip106.nanterre2.fr.pub-ip.eu.psi.net [154.15.20.106])
	by ns.psi.calva.net (8.8.6/8.8.6) with SMTP id VAA04845;
	Tue, 9 Mar 1999 21:58:23 +0100 (MET)
Date: Tue, 9 Mar 1999 21:58:23 +0100 (MET)
X-Sender: fpl10@pop.calvacom.fr (Unverified)
Message-Id: <v01540b04b30b47094392@[154.15.20.110]>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
X-Mailer: Eudora F1.5.4
To: lesk@bio.bu.edu (Les Kaufman), coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: fpl10@calva.net (Fabrice POIRAUD-LAMBERT)
Subject: Re: non-indigenous species in reef systems
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: fpl10@calva.net (Fabrice POIRAUD-LAMBERT)
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 140
Hi,
And what about Corals ?
Rgds
FPL
---
A (At) 15:38 8/03/99, Les Kaufman ecrivait (wrote):
>Phil, there are some invasive species problems in coral reef systems that
>are potentially very serious.
>
>1.  The introduction of exotic Euchema and other algae for the carageenan
>and agar industries.  These have significantly altered the ecology of
>Kaneohoe Bay, for example.  HIMB folks have data.  They are also working on
>Dictyosphaeria cavernosa but I presume that this was native, and just took
>off with eutrophication.
>
>2.  Shrimp aquaculture is resulting in the worldwide spread of both decapod
>pathogens and non-indigenous penaeids.  Whether this is a coral reef issue
>or not is still an open question.  I have a student doing a senior thesis
>on the potential impacts of shrimp aquaculture in Oman, and she is in touch
>with various people looking at these issues.  Dana Meadows at Dartmouth is
>one of them, and a good contact.
>
>3.  Fish introductions in coral reef systems are not unknown, but their
>effects are not well known.  The classic example is the introduction of
>Cephalophalis argus (and three other species) to Hawaiian waters.  Jack
>Randall is the expert on that.  C. argus is now an abundant fish in some
>places, and you have to suspect that the introduction of a small grouper to
>a reef system that formerly lacked any such creature has to have some
>interesting effects.
>
>4.  The escape of a domesticated form of Caulerpa taxifolia in the
>Mediterannean has serious implications for coral reef habitats as well.
>Jim Carlton knows who to get in touch with about this, I think.
>
>5.  Aquarists or aquarium fish collectors have tried to introduce valuable
>Indo-Pacific species to Kaneohoe Bay.  For example, several lemonpeel
>angelfish were known in the bay for a while, though I don't think they
>established and I have not seen them around.  Talk to Chris Brown at HIMB
>about the aquarium trade.
>
>6.  Aquaculture of marine aquarium fishes is on the edge of becoming a
>profitable, transportable business.  Clownfishes are being reared in large
>numbers in the Caribbean, for example.  It is unlikely that they in
>particular would naturalize in the Caribbean, but not impossible.  As
>mariculture spreads, there are serious issues we need to consider...all of
>the usual ones.
>
>Phil, these are off the top of my head.  For what it's worth, I ended my
>paper at the recent international meeting on marine bioinvasions (my paper
>was about Lake Victoria), with slides of Euchema and C. argus in Hawaii.  I
>draw analogies between Euchema and water hyacinth, and C. argus and Lates.
>Those in the audience who noticed said that they really enjoyed the Lake
>Vic data but thought the coda was a reach.  I disaggree.  I think that what
>we learned from Lake Vic should be kept in mind in nearshore marine
>tropical waters, and that this will become a real issue as mariculture
>becomes more prevalent.
>
>Hope that is of use.
>
>Les Kaufman
>Boston University Marine Program
>Department of Biology
>Boston University
>5 Cummington Street
>Boston, MA 02215
>
>e-mail: lesk@bio.bu.edu
>phone: 617-353-5560
>fax:   617-353-6340
>
>
> Ex Africa semper aliquid novi.
>"There is always something new out of Africa."
> - Pliny the Elder
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Mar  9 18:24:53 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id SAA18839; Tue, 9 Mar 1999 18:24:51 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA03409; Tue, 9 Mar 1999 18:27:50 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma003395; Tue, 9 Mar 99 18:26:58 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id WAA11849; Tue, 9 Mar 1999 22:49:30 GMT
Received: from relay6.UU.NET by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA11841; Tue, 9 Mar 1999 17:49:22 -0500 (EST)
Received: from sailfish.hboi.edu by relay6.UU.NET with ESMTP
	(peer crosschecked as: smtp.hboi.edu [208.219.69.3])
	id QQgfvv27771
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 9 Mar 1999 17:49:15 -0500 (EST)
Received: by SAILFISH with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2232.9)
	id <FMJ01L8D>; Tue, 9 Mar 1999 17:56:05 -0500
Message-ID: <705E975A40BED211949800105A1C2F4C0D3C5F@SAILFISH>
From: Sandra Brooke <Brooke@HBOI.edu>
To: "'coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov'" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Oculina query
Date: Tue, 9 Mar 1999 17:56:04 -0500
MIME-Version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2232.9)
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Sandra Brooke <Brooke@HBOI.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 141
Dear list members,
I am a humble PhD student at Harbor Branch Oceanographic Inst. In Florida. I
have  just started working with Oculina varicosa, and am finding very little
information on this, or any of the other extant Oculina  species. If anyone
out there has any input, or is working with any of the Oculinidae, I would
appreciate any input.
Many thanks in advance,
Sandra Brooke
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Mar  9 20:46:39 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id UAA20497; Tue, 9 Mar 1999 20:46:32 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA08197; Tue, 9 Mar 1999 20:49:16 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma008163; Tue, 9 Mar 99 20:48:24 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id BAA11867; Wed, 10 Mar 1999 01:01:17 GMT
Received: from bio.bu.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id UAA12568; Tue, 9 Mar 1999 20:01:07 -0500 (EST)
Received: from localhost (lesk@localhost)
	by bio.bu.edu ((8.8.8.buoit.v1.0)/8.8.8/(BU-S-10/16/98-v1.0a)) with SMTP id UAA02428;
	Tue, 9 Mar 1999 20:01:05 -0500 (EST)
Date: Tue, 9 Mar 1999 20:01:05 -0500 (EST)
From: Les Kaufman <lesk@bio.bu.edu>
To: Fabrice POIRAUD-LAMBERT <fpl10@calva.net>
cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: non-indigenous species in reef systems
In-Reply-To: <v01540b04b30b47094392@[154.15.20.110]>
Message-ID: <Pine.SUN.4.00.9903091959370.2087-100000@bio.bu.edu>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Les Kaufman <lesk@bio.bu.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 142
The only introduction of corals I know of was unsuccessful.  I guess it is
okay to say it now.  We had a bunch of Heliofungia that Tom Goreau had
collected ages ago that were sort of pets at the Discovery Bay Marine
Laboratory.  They were eventually placed out on the reef and we followed
them for a while.  Not only are they gone now, in many respects, so is the
reef!
Les Kaufman
Boston University Marine Program
lesk@bio.bu.edu
617-353-5560 office
617-353-6965 lab
617-353-6340 fax
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Mar 10 08:39:09 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA24478; Wed, 10 Mar 1999 08:39:07 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA22806; Wed, 10 Mar 1999 08:41:51 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma022745; Wed, 10 Mar 99 08:41:28 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA16033; Wed, 10 Mar 1999 12:46:54 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id HAA16039; Wed, 10 Mar 1999 07:46:49 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA20392; Wed, 10 Mar 1999 07:49:20 -0500
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma020363; Wed, 10 Mar 99 07:48:50 -0500
Received: from mermaid.blur (mermaid [172.16.105.1])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id HAA23740 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 10 Mar 1999 07:45:50 -0500 (EST)
Received: from localhost by mermaid.blur (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4)
	id HAA13532; Wed, 10 Mar 1999 07:46:06 -0500
Date: Wed, 10 Mar 1999 07:46:06 -0500 (EST)
From: Jim Hendee <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>
X-Sender: hendee@mermaid
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: NOAA installs coral reef navigation aids
Message-ID: <Pine.GSO.4.03.9903100742590.13519-100000@mermaid>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jim Hendee <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 143
There is an interesting article on navigational aids recently installed
along the Florida Keys to protect the coral reefs from ship groundings.
The URL is:
http://www.cnn.com/NATURE/9903/09/reef.beacons.enn/index.html
	Cheers,
	JCH
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Mar 10 20:08:42 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id UAA08537; Wed, 10 Mar 1999 20:08:40 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA13758; Wed, 10 Mar 1999 20:11:38 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma013749; Wed, 10 Mar 99 20:10:37 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id XAA19698; Wed, 10 Mar 1999 23:46:15 GMT
Received: from mail1.caribsurf.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id SAA19671; Wed, 10 Mar 1999 18:46:05 -0500 (EST)
Received: from default (tlapm1-p5.caribsurf.com [205.214.206.25])
	by mail1.caribsurf.com (8.9.1/8.9.1) with ESMTP id TAA09632
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 10 Mar 1999 19:45:58 -0400 (GMT-0400)
Message-Id: <199903102345.TAA09632@mail1.caribsurf.com>
From: "ICLARM CEPO" <iclarm@caribsurf.com>
To: "Coral List" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Reef Encounter 25 Call for Contributions
Date: Wed, 10 Mar 1999 19:44:19 -0400
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Priority: 3
X-Mailer: Microsoft Internet Mail 4.70.1161
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "ICLARM CEPO" <iclarm@caribsurf.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 144
REEF ENCOUNTER No. 25
NEWSLETTER OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR REEF STUDIES
CALL FOR CONTRIBUTIONS
Dear all,
We are currently looking for articles for the next issue of Reef
Encounter. We would welcome contributions from a few hundred words to
a couple of pages on any aspect of reef studies, including news,
comments, short reviews (but not original scientific data) and
especially illustrations/cartoons. This issue we are particularly
looking for coral and or geological articles. Our deadline is 1st May
and text sent by email ( to iclarm@caribsurf.com) is strongly
preferred. You can also send illustrations (and text if desired) to
the NEW ADDRESS at the end of this message.
If you are interested in joining the International Society for Reef
Studies and receiving Reef Encounter please contact Richard Aronson
at raronson@jaguar1.usouthal.edu
Thanks,
Maggie, Kristian and David
____________________________________________
ICLARM Caribbean/Eastern Pacific Office,
Suite 158,
Inland Messenger Service, Road Town, Tortola,
British Virgin Islands.
Tel.:1-284-495 1291 (office hours) or 1-284-496 6055 (mobile - any
time)
Fax: 1-284-494 2670
e-mail: iclarm@caribsurf.com
============================================
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Mar 11 00:13:54 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id AAA09584; Thu, 11 Mar 1999 00:13:52 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id AAA17594; Thu, 11 Mar 1999 00:16:36 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma017583; Thu, 11 Mar 99 00:15:42 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id EAA20822; Thu, 11 Mar 1999 04:19:35 GMT
Received: from bio.bu.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id XAA20792; Wed, 10 Mar 1999 23:19:27 -0500 (EST)
Received: from localhost (lesk@localhost)
	by bio.bu.edu ((8.8.8.buoit.v1.0)/8.8.8/(BU-S-10/16/98-v1.0a)) with SMTP id XAA02819
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 10 Mar 1999 23:19:28 -0500 (EST)
Date: Wed, 10 Mar 1999 23:19:27 -0500 (EST)
From: Les Kaufman <lesk@bio.bu.edu>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: "introduced" corals
Message-ID: <Pine.SUN.4.00.9903102315320.2773-100000@bio.bu.edu>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Les Kaufman <lesk@bio.bu.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 145
I feel that my recollection of Heliofungia in Discovery Bay may have been
indiscretionate, and wish to apologize to my colleagues.  More important,
however, I am reminded that these few individual corals were deliberately
removed from the reef long before the character of the reef underwent the
profound shift to its current condition.
Les Kaufman
Boston University Marine Program
lesk@bio.bu.edu
617-353-5560 office
617-353-6965 lab
617-353-6340 fax
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Mar 11 13:27:55 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA22206; Thu, 11 Mar 1999 13:27:53 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA22152; Thu, 11 Mar 1999 13:31:19 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma022127; Thu, 11 Mar 99 13:31:07 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA24514; Thu, 11 Mar 1999 16:31:13 GMT
Received: from naxos.unice.fr by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA15384; Thu, 11 Mar 1999 11:30:52 -0500 (EST)
Received: from usa.net (adp-14.unice.fr [134.59.69.23])
          by naxos.unice.fr (8.9.1/jtpda-5.3.1) with ESMTP id RAA00883
          for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 11 Mar 1999 17:37:58 +0100 (MET)
Message-ID: <36E7FDA8.DB9605B5@usa.net>
Date: Thu, 11 Mar 1999 17:30:21 +0000
From: aiptasia <aiptasia@usa.net>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.06 (Macintosh; I; PPC)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral-list <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: 5th IAC 2000
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1; x-mac-type="54455854"; x-mac-creator="4D4F5353"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: aiptasia <aiptasia@usa.net>
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id QAA24514
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id NAA22206
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 146
Hello,
The Muse ocanographique de Monaco organizes the 5 th International
Aquarium Congress in november, 2000. You will find more information in
this mail.
Cheers,
Aiptasia
More information:
5 th International Aquarium Congress
Monaco, November 20-25, 2000
First announcement
The First International Aquarium Congress, held in Monaco in 1960, has
become a key event in Aquariology, by defining the first basic
principles of a modern scientific discipline. Subsequently, the meetings
of Monaco in 1988, Boston in 1993 and Tokyo in 1996 led to further
specifying the role of aquariums and measuring the extent of their
scientific, technical and educational development.
At the last plenary meeting at the 4th International Congress in Tokyo,
the Oceanographic Museum of Monaco was chosen to organize the next
congress in the year 2000. Thus, the 5th International Aquarium Congress
will take place in Monaco from November 20 to 25, 2000, under the High
Patronage of H.S.H. Prince Rainier III of Monaco.
We hope you will honor us by participating in this important event. We
strongly feel that you, as a specialist or professional involved with
public aquariums on all levels, or as a scientist working in a research
centre or in a fish farm, can surely contribute to this undertaking by
presenting the results of your work or participating in the discussions
with the representatives of the profession from all over the world
brought together on this occasion.
After consultation with the members of the Scientific Committee, the
general theme for the 5th IAC around which we would like to structure
the discussion with all the participants will be:
The aquarium, a new link between Man and Nature
in the search for authenticity
We are convinced that the 5th International Aquarium Congress will open
new opportunities for Aquariology in the 21st century and we count very
much on your active participation and collaboration.
Registration and information:
5th IAC 2000
Dr. Nadia Ounas
Muse ocanographique
MC-98000 MONACO
Phone: +377 93 153 600
Fax: +377 93 505 297
E-mail: iac2000monaco@meditnet.com
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Mar 14 10:42:55 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA26308; Sun, 14 Mar 1999 10:42:49 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA11304; Sun, 14 Mar 1999 10:45:33 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma011290; Sun, 14 Mar 99 10:45:19 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA43434; Sun, 14 Mar 1999 14:02:40 GMT
Received: from mail.ccpc.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id JAA43421; Sun, 14 Mar 1999 09:02:09 -0500 (EST)
Received: from pentium-pc (ppp6.ccpc.net [207.198.55.26])
	by mail.ccpc.net (8.9.3/8.9.0) with SMTP id JAA31035
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 14 Mar 1999 09:02:04 -0500
Message-ID: <36EBC0A7.4294@ccpc.net>
Date: Sun, 14 Mar 1999 08:59:03 -0500
From: "Dr. Sascha C.C. Steiner" <sccs@ccpc.net>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 2.01E (Win95; I)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: ITME New Web Address
X-URL: http://www.coral.noaa.gov/lists/coral-list.html
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Dr. Sascha C.C. Steiner" <sccs@ccpc.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 147
Please note that the Institute for Tropical Marine Ecology (ITME) has a new web
address at <www.itme.org>. Previously maintained web pages will remain in use for
another year. ITME offers under-graduate/graduate marine science programs at its
field station in Dominica, Eastern Caribbean. Researchers are welcome to use the
facilties when courses are not in session. We are still struggling with "name
recognition". Any assistance in "getting the word out", will greatly be appreciated.
The application deadline for our 6-week Summer '99 course (Marine Resource
Conservation) is April 30th.
Sascha C.C. Steiner, Ph.D.
President, CEO
Institute for Tropical Marine Ecology ITME
Worcester, NY 12197-0430, U.S.A.
(607) 397 9796
admin@itme.org
http://www.itme.org
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Mar 15 12:51:00 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA08399; Mon, 15 Mar 1999 12:50:57 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA02581; Mon, 15 Mar 1999 12:53:59 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma002557; Mon, 15 Mar 99 12:53:28 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA01502; Mon, 15 Mar 1999 15:47:23 GMT
Received: from wpo.nerc.ac.uk by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA01493; Mon, 15 Mar 1999 10:46:58 -0500 (EST)
Received: from Keyworth-Message_Server by wpo.nerc.ac.uk
	with Novell_GroupWise; Mon, 15 Mar 1999 15:35:50 +0000
Message-Id: <s6ed28d6.067@wpo.nerc.ac.uk>
X-Mailer: Novell GroupWise 4.1
Date: Mon, 15 Mar 1999 15:24:29 +0000
From: Murray Roberts <MR-T@wpo.nerc.ac.uk>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Microbial Aquatic Symbiosis Conference
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain
Content-Disposition: inline
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Murray Roberts <MR-T@wpo.nerc.ac.uk>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 148
I would like to draw your attention to an international conference run by the Joint Aquatic Associations of the UK. The conference will cover all aspects of microbial aquatic symbiosis research and will include a plenary address from Dr Lynn Margulis (University of Massachusetts).
Topics:
Evolution of aquatic symbioses; symbiont-host nutritional interactions; non-nutritional symbioses; biotechnology of symbionts; host-symbiont signalling and recognition; transmission and persistence of symbioses; language, history and politics of symbiosis; modelling symbiotic interactions.
The conference will be held in Oban, Scotland 1-3rd September 1999.
For further details please see our web site or contact J. Douglas McKenzie at the Scottish Association for Marine Science.
Web site: http://www.nerc-oban.ac.uk/dml/meetings/meet.htm
E-mail: dmck@dml.ac.uk
J Murray Roberts
Scottish Association for Marine Science
PO Box 3, Oban, Argyll, PA34 4AD, UK.
Tel +44-(0)1631-567841
Fax +44-(0)1631-565518
e-mail m.roberts@dml.ac.uk
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Mar 15 18:01:29 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id SAA14067; Mon, 15 Mar 1999 18:01:22 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA29566; Mon, 15 Mar 1999 18:04:24 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma029519; Mon, 15 Mar 99 18:03:33 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA03199; Mon, 15 Mar 1999 21:38:09 GMT
Received: from earth.usgcrp.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA03242; Mon, 15 Mar 1999 16:37:59 -0500 (EST)
Received: from [198.116.134.12] (usgcrp12.usgcrp.gov [198.116.134.12])
	by earth.usgcrp.gov (8.8.7/8.8.7) with ESMTP id QAA27773;
	Mon, 15 Mar 1999 16:35:31 -0500
X-Sender: tsocci@earth.usgcrp.gov
Message-Id: <v04003a12b3132d76b327@[198.116.134.12]>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
Date: Mon, 15 Mar 1999 16:35:18 -0500
To: tsocci@usgcrp.gov (Tony Socci)
From: Tony Socci <tsocci@usgcrp.gov>
Subject: March 18th Global Change Seminar: "Projected Ecosystem Changes
 for the United States Under a Climate Warming"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Tony Socci <tsocci@usgcrp.gov>
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id VAA03199
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id SAA14067
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 149
                        U.S. Global Change Research Program Seminar Series
  Projected Ecosystem Changes for the United States Under a Climate Warming
What are the projected changes in ecosystems within the United States
resulting from a climate warming resulting from a doubling of the
concentration of CO-2 in the atmosphere?  Which ecosystems appear to prosper
and which ecosystems appear to be negatively impacted under such a climate
warming?  Which regions of the United States are more likely to witness
dramatic ecosystem changes, with significant social and economic
consequences?  How much uncertainty/confidence is there in the various
ecosystem model results?
                                                 Public Invited
                              Thursday, March 18, 1999, 3:15-4:45 PM
                               Dirksen Senate Office Bldg., Room G-11
                                                Washington, DC
                                              Reception Following
INTRODUCTION:
Dr. Margot Anderson, Head of the Global Change Program Office, U.S.
Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC
SPEAKER:
Dr. Ronald P. Neilson, US Department of Agriculture Forest Service,
Corvallis, OR
                                             Overview
The potential for future global warming has focused on two fundamental
questions regarding the role of the terrestrial biosphere.  Will the
biosphere exacerbate a general climate warming or will the biosphere exert
a cooling influence under a general climate warming?  What might be the
ecological, environmental and socio-economic impacts of climate change?
The former question commands much attention and addresses issues of water,
energy, and carbon exchange between the atmosphere and the biosphere.  The
latter question is the focus of an ongoing, federally sponsored assessment
activity for the U.S., and will be the primary focus of this seminar.
This analysis of ecosystem changes in the U.S., under a general climate
warming at a doubling of CO-2, employs the MAPSS (a vegetation distribution
and hydrology model) and DGVM (Dynamic Global Vegetation Model) models.
These models are integrated using climate output from six different General
Circulation Models (GCMs) in order to examine the potential biotic
responses of terrestrial ecosystems and water resources over the
conterminous U.S.  Because of natural variations and because of
uncertainties in projections of climate change, GCMs produce a wide variety
of possible future climates on the regional scale, creating a range of
uncertainty and confidence regarding possible impacts.  By considering this
range of scenarios, however, one can gain insight into the changes that are
most likely.  These six scenarios address the following questions:
   Are there any consistent responses at regional scales within the
          U.S. across all six model scenarios?
   Are there clues to possible impacts on biological diversity and
          vegetation migration?
   Are there important interactions between vegetation responses
          and available water resources within different regions?
   Might there be changes in regional disturbance patterns, notably
          droughts, floods, and wildfires?
   Are there possibilities for enhanced carbon sequestration within
          U.S. ecosystems?
                                   Model Output
Significant insights into likely ecosystem changes can be gained by
isolating or highlighting regions that display consistent, parallel
responses in all six model scenarios, in contrast to regions where
responses are significantly different from model to model.  However,
analyses of results in those regions of the U.S. for which there are less
consistent model results from model to model, can show complexities that
may emerge along the complex future trajectory of change.
Biodiversity and the Distribution of Vegetation
Model results to date suggest that the prevalence of forests of mixed
conifers and hardwoods of the northeastern U.S. could shift into Canada and
decrease in area in the U.S.  The occurrence of cool maple-beech-birch
forests also decreases in most scenarios, but increases in area in a few
scenarios.  Oak-hickory forests decline in area under all but one scenario.
Some of the model-based declines in forest area are induced by
drought-stress with some increase in fire disturbance.  In the southeastern
U.S., mixed pines and hardwoods increase in area under most scenarios, but
largely due to a shift northward, displacing current oak-hickory forests.
In the scenarios with the largest changes, models suggest the possibility
of significant drought-induced forest dieback in the southeastern U.S.,
with conversion of land cover to savanna and grassland.  However, under the
scenarios with only small amounts of warming, the southeastern forests
could see increased growth.
In the west, many high-elevation forests shift off the top of the
mountains, with possible species losses.  In the northwest, the
distribution and movement of Douglas fir is somewhat unclear, exhibiting an
increase under a moderate warming, and a decrease under still warmer
climate conditions.  As temperatures increase, the coastal area now
occupied by spruce-hemlock-redwood could extend into regions now occupied
by Douglas fir, while the fir trees shift elsewhere.  The southwestern U.S.
is a hotspot of diversity, much of which could  'invade' the Great Basin.
Saguaro cactus, for example, could shift dramatically north through the
Great Basin, possibly as far as eastern Washington.  Such a vegetation
shift in the Western interior region could have significant implications
with regard to existing plant communities and wildlife habitats, which
could be compressed in area or displaced upslope.
Fire Disturbance
Fire frequency could increase over large areas of the country, in
some cases due to increased drought stress (e.g., in the Great Lakes region
and forested areas of the Southeast and Northwest), and in other cases due
to increased fuel loads from excess moisture.  Coupled with occasional
drying from El Nino-La Nina oscillations, fire potential in the interior
West and the California woodlands and forests may increase.  Although there
could be a significant trend toward mid-continent soil drying with reduced
average runoff, year-to-year climate oscillations could bring both floods
and droughts to the region.  Much of the West, especially the Northwest,
could experience large increases in annual runoff, possibly resulting in
increased winter/spring flooding and landslides.
Productivity of Vegetation
Overall productivity could increase over large areas of the U.S. due to
longer growing seasons, CO-2 fertilization, and in some cases, more
favorable water conditions.  This may be the case over much of the west
and, paradoxically, much of the Great Plains.  It might be feasible under
some scenarios, to grow more trees in the Great Plains, allowing more
sequestration of carbon.  However, the potential for carbon sequestration
must be considered in the context of available water resources.
Water Resources
Vegetation dynamics are tightly coupled with hydrologic
processes.  From the perspective of the six different climate scenarios
used, average annual runoff could decrease over most of the continental
interior, including the Great Plains and the southeastern U.S.  However,
there is a broad range of possible outcomes among the six model scenarios,
creating significant uncertainty in the risks that may arise.  Runoff could
increase in the vicinity of the Great Lakes, New England and the
mid-Atlantic regions due to a reduction of vegetation (drought and
fire-induced).  The Ohio and Tennessee valleys lie between regions of
decreased moisture in the southeastern U.S., and regions of increased
moisture in the northern U.S. and, therefore, the prospects are uncertain.
The entire Mississippi drainage could see a decrease in annual runoff by as
much as 18%, averaged across all six model scenarios (with a range of +2%
to -40%).  Implications for shipping, irrigation, and domestic water uses
would be profound.  The Northwest, California, and the Great Basin could
see large increases in runoff, primarily in winter, with the possibility of
serious flooding.  In areas with considerable summer rainfall, that is,
east of the Rockies and in the Southwest, changes in vegetation and runoff
tend to be opposite (i.e., decreased vegetation is associated with
increased runoff, and increased vegetation is associated with decreased
runoff).  Summer rains provide considerable input to both streams and
vegetation.  If there is less vegetation, there is more runoff and vice
versa.  In areas with high winter rainfall, but dry summers, the
runoff-vegetation relationship is quite complex.  In addition, both
vegetation and runoff can increase in the West.  Runoff in the West is
largely snowmelt dominated, and under a global warming scenario, generally
increases in the winter.  Under a moderate warming, there is still
sufficient soil moisture recharge such that, with a longer growing season,
forest growth may be enhanced.  However, with an even more pronounced
climate warming, runoff is still likely to increase, but forests may likely
experience drought-induced dieback due to the stress of summertime warming.
Timing: Getting from Here to There
The trajectory of change from the present through the 21st
Century could be very complex, especially in regions of apparently high
uncertainty (i.e., regions dominated by complex interactions and
feedbacks).  At least one hypothesis emerges when examining impacts from
all six of the possible future climate scenarios.  Early in any future
global warming, while temperature increases are still relatively modest,
forests may be more productive and their uptake and storage of carbon may
increase (due in part, to CO-2 fertilization).  However, as temperatures
continue to increase, the CO-2 effect may be overwhelmed by exponential
increases in evapotranspiration.  In this latter case, there could be a
threshold response resulting in a shift from increased productivity to a
rapid, drought-induced dieback, resulting in a release of carbon back to
the atmosphere, with climate implications.  Areas potentially susceptible
to this are the Pacific Northwest and the Southeast.
Possible Coping Strategies and Opportunities
 Seasonal dynamics of water and vegetation, as well as the total
     abundance of water and vegetation, will clearly change under a
     global warming.  Even if the amount of carbon stored
     remains about the same, or increases over the nation as a whole,
     the regional distribution of vegetation/ecosystems will change.
     Some areas will see an increase in vegetation while others will
     will see losses.  These changes could result in localized
     pressures on the economy and the environment, and will likely
     require significant and strategic management.  For example, if
     forests over large areas begin to undergo drought stress, it might
     be prudent to 'trim the wick,' that is, to exert some manner of
     density control in order to save trees and to conserve water in
     streams.
 Over large areas of the country the nation's need for water
     resources may be in sharp competition with the water
     requirements of ecosystems.  Planting more trees
     may result in less available water for irrigation, commerce, and
     domestic uses.  A possible alternative is to use the landscape as a
     'carbon pump,' moving wood from rapidly growing forests, over
     short rotations, into long-lived forest products.
 Ultimately, given the current model uncertainties, development of
     a set of contingency plans might be one of many reasonable
     approaches to resource management in the future.  Monitoring
     stations might be deployed and designed to serve as an early
     warning system of ecosystem changes, while research and
     modeling might assist in exploring and evaluating alternative
     management options.
                                      Biography
Dr. Ronald P. Neilson is a bioclimatologist with the USDA Forest
Service and an Adjunct Professor with Oregon State University.  His
research for the past 25 years has focused on understanding the
mechanisms that govern the distribution and function of vegetation as they
relate to climate at scales ranging from local to global.  He is the
designer/creator of the MAPSS vegetation distribution model.
Dr. Neilson and his colleagues have conducted a number of assessments of
the impacts of climate change.  He was a chief scientist involved in
coordinating a report to Congress from the EPA on the impacts of climate
change (1990).  In addition, the MAPSS model has been used in various IPCC
(Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) assessments.  Dr. Neilson was
nominated as the lead author for the section on the forests of North
America for a special IPCC report, "The Regional Impacts of Climate
Change."  He was also the convening lead author of an Annex to the above
report that described possible vegetation changes for the entire world.
Dr. Neilson is currently on the forest sector assessment team of the
National Assessment being conducted by the USGCRP.
Dr. Neilson has published numerous, peer-reviewed articles in a number of
scientific journals, and he is a member of seven professional scientific
societies.  He is a recipient of the Ecological Society of America's W.S.
Cooper Award for excellence in Physiographic Ecology.
Dr. Neilson received his Ph.D. from the University of Utah in 1981.
Acknowledgments: The work presented in this seminar is derived in part,
from papers published in "Global Change Biology", "Global
Biogeochemical Cycles" and "Northwest Science", with Raymond J.
Drapek, James M. Lenihan, Dominique Bachelet, Christopher Daly and
VEMAP participants.
The Next Seminar is scheduled for Tuesday, April 20, 1999
Tentative Topic: Arctic Sea-Ice Thinning: Observations, Possible Causes,
and Implications
For more information please contact:
Anthony D. Socci, Ph.D., U.S. Global Change Research Program Office, 400
Virginia Ave. SW, Suite 750, Washington, DC 20024; Telephone: (202)
314-2235; Fax: (202) 488-8681 E-Mail: TSOCCI@USGCRP.GOV.
Additional information on the U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP)
and this Seminar Series is available on the USGCRP Home Page at:
http://www.usgcrp.gov.  A complete archive of seminar summaries can also be
found at this site.  Normally these seminars are held on the second Monday
of each month.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Mar 15 20:38:00 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id UAA15011; Mon, 15 Mar 1999 20:37:58 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA04351; Mon, 15 Mar 1999 20:40:44 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma004312; Mon, 15 Mar 99 20:39:42 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id AAA04070; Tue, 16 Mar 1999 00:38:26 GMT
Received: from ns2.wasantara.net.id by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id TAA04048; Mon, 15 Mar 1999 19:38:14 -0500 (EST)
Received: from bengkulu.wasantara.net.id (bengkulu.wasantara.net.id [202.159.74.163])
	by ns2.wasantara.net.id (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id IAA19161
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 16 Mar 1999 08:52:51 +0700 (JAVT)
Received: from BENGKULU/SpoolDir by bengkulu.wasantara.net.id (Mercury 1.40);
    16 Mar 99 07:29:26 +0700
Received: from SpoolDir by BENGKULU (Mercury 1.40); 16 Mar 99 07:29:14 +0700
Received: from bayu (202.159.74.187) by bengkulu.wasantara.net.id (Mercury 1.40);
    16 Mar 99 07:29:04 +0700
Message-ID: <007501be6f44$3465d220$bb4a9fca@bayu>
From: "Bayu Ludvianto" <bayu@bengkulu.wasantara.net.id>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Workshop on Ecolabeling Indonesia Marine Product
Date: Tue, 16 Mar 1999 07:14:22 +0700
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0036_01BE6F7C.9DB27A20"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.3110.1
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Bayu Ludvianto" <bayu@bengkulu.wasantara.net.id>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 150
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_0036_01BE6F7C.9DB27A20
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Dear Coral-Listers
I would like to draw your attention to a workshop run by Indonesia =
Ecolabeling Institute, and will be will be held in Jakarta, Indonesia. =
The workshop is planned as a preliminary step toward designing a =
certification system for marine food and aquarium products.=20
The objective of the workshop are to take inventory of existing =
initiatives and to gather stakeholders=92 inputs on ideas, concerns and =
views toward certification initiative.=20
If you would like to have more information, please contact the =
organizer: The Indonesian Ecolabeling Institute  (E-mail Address:  =
leibogor@indo.net.id or  lei@indo.net.id )
=20
Cheers>>>>>bayu
------=_NextPart_000_0036_01BE6F7C.9DB27A20
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META content=3Dtext/html;charset=3Diso-8859-1 =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type><!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 =
HTML//EN">
<META content=3D'"MSHTML 4.72.3110.7"' name=3DGENERATOR>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#0000ff size=3D2>Dear Coral-Listers</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#0000ff size=3D2>I would like to draw your attention =
to a=20
workshop run by Indonesia Ecolabeling Institute, and will be will be =
held in=20
Jakarta, Indonesia. The workshop <FONT face=3D"Arial Narrow"><FONT=20
face=3D"Comic Sans MS">is planned as a preliminary step toward designing =
a=20
certification system for marine food and aquarium products.=20
</FONT></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#0000ff size=3D2><FONT face=3D"Arial Narrow"><FONT=20
face=3D"Comic Sans MS">The objective of the workshop are to take =
inventory of=20
existing initiatives and to gather stakeholders&rsquo; inputs on ideas, =
concerns=20
and views toward certification initiative.</FONT><I> =
</I></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#0000ff size=3D2>If you would like to have more =
information,=20
please contact the organizer: </FONT><FONT color=3D#0000ff size=3D2>The =
Indonesian=20
Ecolabeling Institute&nbsp; (E-mail Address:&nbsp; <A=20
href=3D"mailto:leibogor@indo.net.id">leibogor@indo.net.id</A> or&nbsp; =
<A=20
href=3D"mailto:lei@indo.net.id">lei@indo.net.id</A> )</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#0000ff size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#0000ff=20
size=3D2>Cheers&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;bayu<BR><BR></FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML=
>
------=_NextPart_000_0036_01BE6F7C.9DB27A20--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Mar 15 21:12:30 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id VAA15242; Mon, 15 Mar 1999 21:12:26 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA05242; Mon, 15 Mar 1999 21:15:29 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma005231; Mon, 15 Mar 99 21:14:54 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id BAA04247; Tue, 16 Mar 1999 01:15:59 GMT
Received: from mozcom.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id UAA04196; Mon, 15 Mar 1999 20:15:47 -0500 (EST)
Received: from valuedcu ([208.142.143.166])
	by mozcom.com (8.8.8/8.8.6) with SMTP id JAA05960
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 16 Mar 1999 09:15:40 +0800 (HKT)
Message-Id: <3.0.32.19990316091402.00723b44@mozcom.com>
X-Sender: coralcay@mozcom.com
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0 (32)
Date: Tue, 16 Mar 1999 09:14:07 +0800
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Coral Cay Conservation - Philippine Expeditions <coralcay@mozcom.com>
Subject: Philippines- Coral spawning - request for information.
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Coral Cay Conservation - Philippine Expeditions <coralcay@mozcom.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 151
Dear All,
I am wondering if any one might be able to give me some more information
regarding coral spawning in the Philippines. Currently all I know is that
it is in April around the full moon(although I have heard a report
witnessing a small spawn in February 1996). I would appreciate any further
information to the above address coralcay@mozcom.com FAO Gillian Goby.
Cheers, Gillian Goby
Project Scientsist (Coral Cay Conservation)
Negros Occidental, Philippines.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Mar 16 15:42:12 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA02408; Tue, 16 Mar 1999 15:42:26 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA26826; Tue, 16 Mar 1999 15:45:11 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma026800; Tue, 16 Mar 99 15:44:57 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA03449; Tue, 16 Mar 1999 19:42:07 GMT
Message-Id: <199903161942.TAA03449@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Mon, 15 Mar 1999 12:41:03 +0200
From: "Marine Section" <Marines@kznncs.org.za>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Bali conference
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Marine Section" <Marines@kznncs.org.za>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 152
Please could someone sene me information on the upcoming international =
coral reef conference in Bali in October 2000?
I would appreciate information on registration costs, accommodation costs
= and an email address for the organisers.
Thanks Bridget
KZN Nature Conservation Service
Private Bag X3
congella
Durban
4013
South Africa
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Mar 16 15:43:15 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA02449; Tue, 16 Mar 1999 15:43:13 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA26929; Tue, 16 Mar 1999 15:46:15 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma026869; Tue, 16 Mar 99 15:45:35 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA03395; Tue, 16 Mar 1999 19:40:51 GMT
Message-Id: <199903161940.TAA03395@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: "Maggie Watson" <habari@caribsurf.com>
To: "Coral List" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Are paper parks useful?
Date: Sun, 14 Mar 1999 16:08:47 -0400
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Maggie Watson" <habari@caribsurf.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 153
At a recent meeting on protected areas in the Caribbean 'paper parks'
came up for discussion. Some considered them worse than useless -
giving a false sense of security and generating a feeling that
action had been taken. Others said they were a useful precursor and
a necessary step in the slow moving progression towards effective
protection. I'd be interested in hearing other people's views,
particularly if you have examples or case studies. Please reply to me
directly.
Thanks,
Maggie Watson
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Mar 16 16:15:48 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA03577; Tue, 16 Mar 1999 16:15:45 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA29404; Tue, 16 Mar 1999 16:19:17 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma029351; Tue, 16 Mar 99 16:18:22 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA03681; Tue, 16 Mar 1999 20:27:53 GMT
Date: Tue, 16 Mar 1999 20:27:53 GMT
Message-Id: <199903162027.UAA03681@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: "NOAA's CHAMP" <jch@aoml.noaa.gov>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: New Coral Calendar of Events
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "NOAA's CHAMP" <jch@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 154
Greetings!
	For the time being, we have set up a calendar of coral-related
events for those who are interested in attending or keeping abreast of
them.  This should be considered a temporary calendar, but it will do for
now.  I say temporary because we are using Yahoo, Inc.'s Calendar system,
but we hope to replace it with a NOAA sponsored one in the future.  The
Yahoo Calendar has commercial advertisements at the top which is after all
understandable since they offer this service for free.  Note that you can
view the events list by Day, Week, Month, or Year.  If you click on a
specific event, you will get more information about it, generally an email
contact or a Web address.
	You will note that there are only two events on it so far!  One is
for April 14, 1999 (the National Coral Reef Institute), and one for
October 7, 2000 (the 9th International Coral Reef Symposium).  If you have
any events that you think are of global, national or regional interest
(e.g., U.S. Coral Reef Task Force, Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network,
etc.) that are suitable for this calendar, please send a message to
jch@coral.aoml.noaa.gov.  It would be helpful if you put CALENDAR EVENT in
the subject heading.
	I know what you may be thinking--you might be on the other side of
the globe and the International Date Line, so the dates and times might be
different.  Therefore, I have set it up so that it is for the LOCAL day
and time.
	The URL for the coral_list (note that I had to use the
underscore because a dash wouldn't work) calendar is,
	http://calendar.yahoo.com/public/coral_list
	I hope this helps you get organized!
	Cheers,
	Jim Hendee
	coral-list administrator
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Mar 16 21:19:04 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id VAA08159; Tue, 16 Mar 1999 21:19:02 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA11245; Tue, 16 Mar 1999 21:21:50 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma011220; Tue, 16 Mar 99 21:20:54 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id BAA05169; Wed, 17 Mar 1999 01:32:39 GMT
Date: Wed, 17 Mar 1999 01:32:39 GMT
Message-Id: <199903170132.BAA05169@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: "NOAA's CHAMP" <jch@aoml.noaa.gov>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: New Coral Calendar of Events
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "NOAA's CHAMP" <jch@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 155
Regarding the calendar, I forgot to mention that if you want to post a
meeting or calendar event, please send it in this format:
---
Date and Time (local)
Title of Event
Short Description
Email contact (if available)
Web Page info
---
This way I can more easily cut-and-paste into the calendar.
Fictitious Example:
---
30 Mar 99, start 10:00am
International Coral Berserko
Soc. of International Coral Afficiondos meet to figure
  it all out.
Email:  contact@wherever.edu
Web: http://www.beautiful-corals-everywhere.edu
---
  Cheers,
  JCH
> Greetings!
>
> 	For the time being, we have set up a calendar of coral-related
> events for those who are interested in attending or keeping abreast of
> them.  This should be considered a temporary calendar, but it will do for
> now.  I say temporary because we are using Yahoo, Inc.'s Calendar system,
> but we hope to replace it with a NOAA sponsored one in the future.  The
> Yahoo Calendar has commercial advertisements at the top which is after all
> understandable since they offer this service for free.  Note that you can
> view the events list by Day, Week, Month, or Year.  If you click on a
> specific event, you will get more information about it, generally an email
> contact or a Web address.
>
> 	You will note that there are only two events on it so far!  One is
> for April 14, 1999 (the National Coral Reef Institute), and one for
> October 7, 2000 (the 9th International Coral Reef Symposium).  If you have
> any events that you think are of global, national or regional interest
> (e.g., U.S. Coral Reef Task Force, Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network,
> etc.) that are suitable for this calendar, please send a message to
> jch@coral.aoml.noaa.gov.  It would be helpful if you put CALENDAR EVENT in
> the subject heading.
>
> 	I know what you may be thinking--you might be on the other side of
> the globe and the International Date Line, so the dates and times might be
> different.  Therefore, I have set it up so that it is for the LOCAL day
> and time.
>
> 	The URL for the coral_list (note that I had to use the
> underscore because a dash wouldn't work) calendar is,
>
>
> 	http://calendar.yahoo.com/public/coral_list
>
>
>
> 	I hope this helps you get organized!
>
>
> 	Cheers,
>
> 	Jim Hendee
> 	coral-list administrator
>
>
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Mar 16 21:28:31 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id VAA08209; Tue, 16 Mar 1999 21:28:29 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA11391; Tue, 16 Mar 1999 21:32:02 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma011372; Tue, 16 Mar 99 21:31:28 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id BAA05197; Wed, 17 Mar 1999 01:36:04 GMT
Message-Id: <199903170136.BAA05197@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Tue, 16 Mar 1999 17:46:26 -0500
From: Deborah Danaher <DDanaher@DCCMC.ORG>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Pacific Congress mtg info?
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Deborah Danaher <DDanaher@DCCMC.ORG>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 156
This is more a request than submission of info, but I've been trying to
get info on a meeting I saw advertised.  Unfortunately, the link didn't
lead to any contact info except for an email that no one responded from.
I believe it's scheduled for July 1999 in Australia. Do you have any
suggestions of where to get more info?  A web search recently turned up
nothing.
Thanks!
Deborah Danaher
Expeditions Coordinator
Center for Marine Conservation
1725 DeSales Street, NW  #600
Washington, DC 20037
202-429-5609 ext.258
202-872-0619 fax
ddanaher@dccmc.org
http://www.cmc-ocean.org
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Mar 17 00:41:10 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id AAA09118; Wed, 17 Mar 1999 00:41:08 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id AAA16813; Wed, 17 Mar 1999 00:43:53 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma016801; Wed, 17 Mar 99 00:43:37 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id EAA05927; Wed, 17 Mar 1999 04:41:56 GMT
Received: from P1 by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id XAA05921; Tue, 16 Mar 1999 23:41:46 -0500 (EST)
Received: from mail pickup service by isdn.net.il with Microsoft SMTPSVC;
	 Wed, 17 Mar 1999 06:40:08 +0200
Received: from p1.isdn.net.il - 192.115.104.11 by isdn.net.il with Microsoft SMTPSVC;
	 Tue, 16 Mar 1999 23:59:28 +0200
Received: from aliceoy.isracom.net.il (pop.isracom.net.il [192.117.65.250]) by p1.isdn.net.il with SMTP (MailShield v1.5); Tue, 16 Mar 1999 23:59:27 +0200
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov (coral.aoml.noaa.gov [192.111.123.248]) by aliceoy.isracom.net.il (8.8.5/8.Who.Cares) with ESMTP id AAA04669 for <reeflab@isracom.net.il>; Wed, 17 Mar 1999 00:00:14 +0200
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA03449; Tue, 16 Mar 1999 19:42:07 GMT
Message-Id: <199903161942.TAA03449@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Mon, 15 Mar 1999 12:41:03 +0200
From: "Marine Section" <Marines@kznncs.org.za>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Bali conference
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Marine Section" <Marines@kznncs.org.za>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 157
Please could someone sene me information on the upcoming international =
coral reef conference in Bali in October 2000?
I would appreciate information on registration costs, accommodation costs
= and an email address for the organisers.
Thanks Bridget
KZN Nature Conservation Service
Private Bag X3
congella
Durban
4013
South Africa
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Mar 17 08:41:00 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA13116; Wed, 17 Mar 1999 08:40:58 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA27784; Wed, 17 Mar 1999 08:44:34 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma027769; Wed, 17 Mar 99 08:43:47 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA08014; Wed, 17 Mar 1999 12:34:24 GMT
Received: from scaup.prod.itd.earthlink.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id HAA07957; Wed, 17 Mar 1999 07:34:14 -0500 (EST)
Received: from [208.251.162.94] (1Cust94.tnt5.nyc1.da.uu.net [208.251.162.94])
	by scaup.prod.itd.earthlink.net (8.8.7/8.8.5) with ESMTP id EAA19698
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 17 Mar 1999 04:34:11 -0800 (PST)
Message-Id: <l03130303b315511563df@[208.251.162.94]>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Date: Wed, 17 Mar 1999 07:39:45 -0500
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: "James M. Cervino" <cnidaria@earthlink.net>
Subject: Articles about reefs
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "James M. Cervino" <cnidaria@earthlink.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 158
Dear Listers,
This is a Web Site of the Dallas Morning News: they published an article
about the state of the reefs
http://www.dallasnews.com/discoveries-nf/disco119.htm
Below is an artile published in the Sunday Times of London
<><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><
March 14 1999 - - The Sunday Times of London
Electrically charged frames are being used to create the limestone on which
coral lives.
Sean Hargrave reports
ELECTRICITY is coming to the rescue of coral reefs.
A novel idea of using an electric charge to build new reefs and help dying
coral recover is being tested in the Maldives. But the technology could be
used first 1,000 miles to the west in the Seychelles, where the government
has applied to the World Bank for funds to pay for it.
One in three fish lives on a coral reef, yet global warming and pollution is
killing coral. As much as half of the world's coral may be dead or dying. A
rise of just one degree Celsius above average temperatures is enough to
kill a reef.
The new approach relies on elementary chemistry. First scientists place a
steel frame in the sea and pass an electric charge of one or two volts
through it. The steel then carries a charge and has positive and negative
terminals, just like a battery.
The cathode terminal, which forms the bulk of the construction, makes the
water around it slightly more alkaline. The anode makes the water slightly
acidic but it is placed a couple of metres away from the main steel frame.
Making the water around the frame more alkaline causes calcium carbonate
particles in the sea to settle and form a limestone base.
This is the perfect home for coral, which thrives on clean, fresh limestone.
Tom Goreau of the Global Coral Reef Alliance (324 Bedford Road, Chappaqua,
NY 914-238-8788 Fax: 914-238-8768) says the system brings an extra benefit
to the coral. Usually much of the coral's energy goes into creating a
slightly alkaline stream of water so it can feed. "We are effectively
giving coral exactly what it wants, for free," he says. "We give it a good
clean base to settle on and make sure it doesn't expend its energy turning
the water alkaline. It's a really good environment to create growth, and
it's based on giving a helping hand to a natural principle.
"I cannot see that anybody can come up with a better solution because all
other attempts rely on creating reefs out of rubber tyres or old bricks, but
coral doesn't chose to live there. We are creating exactly the conditions
coral needs."
The limestone that forms the reef can be grown at a rate of between 1cm and
2cm a year. The voltage can be altered to speed up growth but this results
in limestone that is too soft. Scientists using the technique in the
Maldives have found it can promote coral growth of several centimetres a
year once coral settles on the artificially created reef.
The new technolgy is needed, says the GCRA, because there will hardly be
any live coral left if something is not done to redress the damage caused
by pollution and global warming.
"If half the world's trees were disappearing there would be an uproar, but
this is happening under water and so people aren't seeing it," says Goreau.
"We have to act now to give a helping hand. Remember, once the reefs are
gone many islands that are already suffering from erosion are going to be
unprotected against the power of the sea. People forget that apart from
playing home to one in four marine species, coral reefs also hold back the
sea and protect islands. Without them island communities would be
devastated."
The original idea for the electric process came from a German architect,
Wolf Hilbertz. He developed the idea so that limestone building materials
could be made within steel meshes placed in the sea. This would provide a
free source of materials and stop islanders raiding reefs for stone to build
houses. Now that Goreau's team has proven the principle also works in
creating and sustaining coral reefs, work with solar and turbine power has
begun. These sustainable sources are preferred because they do not add to
the pollution or global warming that are being blamed for the demise of
coral. Goreau is encouraged by the Seychelles government's interest in the
technology. However, the government of the Maldives, where nearly all the
development work has taken place, has no plans to adopt it even though the
island group has been hit more than any other by the death of coral.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Mar 17 12:14:28 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA18561; Wed, 17 Mar 1999 12:14:26 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA17912; Wed, 17 Mar 1999 12:17:30 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma017812; Wed, 17 Mar 99 12:16:52 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA09901; Wed, 17 Mar 1999 15:50:24 GMT
Received: from carbon.marine.usf.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA09228; Wed, 17 Mar 1999 10:50:07 -0500 (EST)
Received: from coral (aves.marine.usf.edu [198.116.54.180])
	by carbon.marine.usf.edu (8.9.1a/8.9.1) with SMTP id KAA07254
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 17 Mar 1999 10:50:04 -0500 (EST)
Message-Id: <3.0.6.32.19990318105523.0080b4d0@carbon.marine.usf.edu>
X-Sender: serge@carbon.marine.usf.edu
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.6 (32)
Date: Thu, 18 Mar 1999 10:55:23 -0500
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Serge Andrefouet <serge@carbon.marine.usf.edu>
Subject: Landsat/LTAP
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Serge Andrefouet <serge@carbon.marine.usf.edu>
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id MAA18561
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 159
(Sorry for duplicate mails)
Dear Reefsat colleagues:
We have received about 70 replies to our call for input to the Landsat-7
Long-Term Acquisition Plan (LTAP) for coral reef coverage. The messages
were basically of 3 types:
1) Active projects in mapping, coastal management and categorization of the
reefs:in these projects remote sensing was already an identified tool for
mapping, change detection analysis and comparisons. These projects are
already in progress or will be launched very soon.
2) Planned near-term projects: few reefs were identified for new projects
to be implemented around or after the year 2000. These projects have no
clear plans to incorporate remote sensing.
3) Many people identified reefs of interest because of a special feature (high
biodiversity, sensitive reefs because of human activities, sedimentation,
etc.). These messages showed general interest in using remote sensing, but
no specific projects were identified.
Based on this input and on the queries, we conclude that:
- many people are interested in remote sensing but are unaware of the
potential benefits, limits, or how to handle imagery. They need technical
advice and support.
- nobody identified even one reef in all the area of
Indonesia-Philipines-Malaysia-New Guinea-Papua New Guinea. Same is true for
the West Coast of Africa, except Socotra island. Most of the requests were
for Caribbean reefs, US, French or English reefs in the Pacific or the
Indian Ocean.
- We conclude that the reefs with the most important biological diversity
are poorly studied, or rather that our call for input did not reach
managers and investigators of these remote reefs.
Offshore and isolated reefs still have a lower priority for the LANDSAT
program. The bigger constraints in the selection of the sites are technical
constraints, i.e. it is costly to turn the satellite on to acquire one
image in the middle of the ocean. Routine acquisitions over coastal areas
are planned within the existing LTAP, but this still is bound by a
constraint of the numer of images to be taken globally by the US and the
priority given to each Landsat acquisition (not all the land areas are
taken all the time, and acquisitions ARE prioritized in a complex way).
Because of these technical constraints, NASA will only target reefs that
are the focus of active research.
This choice is certainly not perfect because we had to judge according to
the given information, the interest of the site (for other potential
studies), the diversity in human-use and source of danger for reefs
(sedimentation, aquaculture, fisheries, bleaching,), the regional
representativeness. We are at this stage unable to include projects from
which we do not hear, but they could take advantage later of the existing
images.
Therefore, we have recommended to NASA that:
-Projects in case 1 and some of case 2 above have high priority all year
round (4-6 images per year).
-Reefs that are identified as sites of potential or future projects be
covered twice a year (each season).
-All other reefs should be covered at least once a year, as possible.
The LTAP was updated using the Reefbase inventory. We recommended that
reefs identified in Reefbase should be (ideally) covered once a year.
The highest priority projects that we have identified are listed below
(without any hidden hierarchy) :
Bahamas (Lee Stocking Island, COBOP project: more info at
http://www.psicorp.com/cobop)
Belize: barrier reefs and atolls: mapping, change detection, etc.
Bermuda: Bermuda Biodiversity Project, habitat mapping.
Comores Islands: change detection program.
French Polynesia:  (Tuamotu atoll lagoons) aquaculture activities and lagoonal
phytoplanctonic blooms.
French Polynesia: (Moorea island) change detection, community shifts.
Japan, Ryukyu Islands.
Kiribati (Christmas Island): mapping and change detection of cyanobacterial
mats.
Maldives: categorization of reefs, sensitivity to sea-level rise and human
use (particularly around Male, Kafu, Vaavu, Alifu and Ari atolls)
Mauritius, Rodrigues and other Indian Ocean islands (Socotra, Shagos,)
Mexico: ICZM project on Alacran reef and several Caribbean islands
New-Caledonia:  Province Sud Reefs: Reef Check site, change detection
Oman: south coast close to Masirah island, conservation project before human
activities (fisheries, gas,) start in the vicinity of this reef
Seychelles: many sites for diverse applications
Vietnam (con Dao Island) and China (Ha Long Bay and Mirs Bay): Reef check
sites, ICZM projects and impact of sedimentation on reefs.
For US reefs: High priority
Florida Keys: Management
Hawaiian islands: Coastal categorization (geology-oriented program), change
detection
US reefs, Low priority (2 images per year)
All US Pacific Islands and atolls
US Virgin Islands
Puerto Rico
Flower Garden Bank
The others low priority reefs worldwide will be published later in our
website. This will include, for each LTAP path/row (the coordinates used in
the Landsat reference system), the reef index and name as shown in
Reefbase, its LTAP priority, and several maps. We hope to update the list
according to weekly or monthly rate of acquisitions, to ensure people are
aware of reef images available worldwide.
We propose to launch a discussion to define standards methods for use of
imagery in coral reef environments. The standards deal with the sampling
strategy on site (adapted for the spatial resolution of the image and the
topic), atmospheric correction, bathymetric correction, bottom mapping,
spectral unmixing, etc. We hope to formalize conclusions from such
discussions in a guide for field and lab work. It will be useful for people
who need advice and people who have already experience in this type of
application but still proceed in heterogeneous ways. Heterogeneous
methodologies do not allow objective comparisons and the emergence of
quality standards.
As we work on this, needs, ideas and comments from the community are welcome.
Regards,
Serge Andrefouet
Frank Muller-Karger
Chuanmin Hu
Dave Palandro
University of South Florida / Department of Marine Science
Serge Andrefouet
Department of Marine Science
Remote Sensing/ Biological Oceanography
University of South Florida
140, 7th Av. South
St Petersburg
FL 33701
phone: (727) 553-1186
fax:   (727) 553-1103
E-mail: serge@carbon.marine.usf.edu
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Mar 17 12:39:46 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA19146; Wed, 17 Mar 1999 12:39:44 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA20008; Wed, 17 Mar 1999 12:42:30 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma019961; Wed, 17 Mar 99 12:41:48 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA10358; Wed, 17 Mar 1999 16:38:42 GMT
Received: from relay1.Hawaii.Edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA10354; Wed, 17 Mar 1999 11:38:32 -0500 (EST)
Received: from uhunix1.its.hawaii.edu ([128.171.44.6]) by relay1.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <149090(7)>; Wed, 17 Mar 1999 06:38:29 -1000
Received: from localhost by uhunix1.its.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <135668(9)>; Wed, 17 Mar 1999 06:38:22 -1000
Date: 	Wed, 17 Mar 1999 06:38:20 -1000
From: "J. Charles Delbeek" <delbeek@hawaii.edu>
X-Sender: delbeek@uhunix1
To: "James M. Cervino" <cnidaria@earthlink.net>
cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Articles about reefs
In-Reply-To: <l03130303b315511563df@[208.251.162.94]>
Message-ID: <Pine.GSO.4.05.9903170630410.10297-100000@uhunix1>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "J. Charles Delbeek" <delbeek@hawaii.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 160
Perhaps I'm missing something here, but exactly what does creating
artifical reefs in areas affected by pollution and global warming
accomplish that the original reef substratum cannot? And if the areas are
indeed impacted why would creating these structures help if conditions for
coral growth/settlement are still not ideal?
I also do not put much stock in the accuracy and validity of newspaper
articles, no matter who is quoted. I think we have all been down the media
road often enough to be wary of anything such agencies produce.
For example the idea that corals increase the alkalinity of the water
around them and that giving them more alkaline water allows them the
opportunity to no longer do that ... seems rather .... far fetched??
Perhaps someone could explain the mechanisms behind this or point to a
reference that describes this alleged phenomena?
J. Charles Delbeek M.Sc.
Aquarium Biologist
Waikiki Aquarium
University of Hawaii
"The fact that my physiology differs from yours pleases me to no end."
Mr. Spock
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Mar 17 14:41:43 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA22652; Wed, 17 Mar 1999 14:41:40 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA01782; Wed, 17 Mar 1999 14:44:44 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma001730; Wed, 17 Mar 99 14:44:17 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA11052; Wed, 17 Mar 1999 18:28:58 GMT
Received: from bishop.bishopmuseum.org by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA11072; Wed, 17 Mar 1999 13:28:48 -0500 (EST)
Received: from bernice.bishopmuseum.org (bernice.bishopmuseum.org [128.171.128.9]) by bishop.bishopmuseum.org (AIX4.2/UCB 8.7/8.7) with SMTP id IAA15175366; Wed, 17 Mar 1999 08:29:21 -1000 (HST)
Received: from lu.bishop.hawaii.org by bernice.bishopmuseum.org (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4)
	id IAA19330; Wed, 17 Mar 1999 08:28:44 -1000
Date: Wed, 17 Mar 1999 08:28:44 -1000
Message-Id: <199903171828.IAA19330@bernice.bishopmuseum.org>
X-Sender: psa@bishop.bishop.hawaii.org
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Light Version 1.5.2
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
To: Deborah Danaher <DDanaher@DCCMC.ORG>
From: "L.G. Eldredge" <psa@bishop.bishop.hawaii.org>
Subject: Re: Pacific Congress mtg info?
Cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "L.G. Eldredge" <psa@bishop.bishop.hawaii.org>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 161
The XIX Pacific Science Congress will be held at the University of New South
Wales, Sydney, Australia, July 4-9, 1999.  The Congress website is:
         http://www.icmasaust.com.au/PacificScience/
Theme X Symposium:
Coral Reefs of the Pacific Region, Past, Present, and Future" is co-convened
by Prof. Malcolm McCulloch [Malcolm.McCulloch@anu.edu.au] and Dr. Charles
Birkeland [birkelan@uog9.uog.edu].
L. G. Eldredge
PSA Executive Secretary
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Mar 17 21:30:00 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id VAA27011; Wed, 17 Mar 1999 21:28:43 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA22360; Wed, 17 Mar 1999 21:31:30 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma022313; Wed, 17 Mar 99 21:30:48 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id BAA13846; Thu, 18 Mar 1999 01:31:52 GMT
Received: from bishop.bishopmuseum.org by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id UAA13593; Wed, 17 Mar 1999 20:31:41 -0500 (EST)
Received: from bernice.bishopmuseum.org (bernice.bishopmuseum.org [128.171.128.9]) by bishop.bishopmuseum.org (AIX4.2/UCB 8.7/8.7) with SMTP id PAA51480 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 17 Mar 1999 15:32:12 -1000 (HST)
Received: from lu.bishop.hawaii.org by bernice.bishopmuseum.org (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4)
	id PAA22683; Wed, 17 Mar 1999 15:31:35 -1000
Date: Wed, 17 Mar 1999 15:31:35 -1000
Message-Id: <199903180131.PAA22683@bernice.bishopmuseum.org>
X-Sender: psa@bishop.bishop.hawaii.org
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Light Version 1.5.2
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: "L.G. Eldredge" <psa@bishop.bishop.hawaii.org>
Subject: Congress web correction
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "L.G. Eldredge" <psa@bishop.bishop.hawaii.org>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 162
The website should be:  http://www.icmsaust.com.au/PacificScience/
This one works, apologies,
LGE
>> The XIX Pacific Science Congress will be held at the University of New South
>> Wales, Sydney, Australia, July 4-9, 1999.  The Congress website is:
>>          http://www.icmasaust.com.au/PacificScience/
>> Theme X Symposium:
>> Coral Reefs of the Pacific Region, Past, Present, and Future" is co-convened
>> by Prof. Malcolm McCulloch [Malcolm.McCulloch@anu.edu.au] and Dr. Charles
>> Birkeland [birkelan@uog9.uog.edu].
>>
>> L. G. Eldredge
>> PSA Executive Secretary
>
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Mar 18 08:56:51 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA01448; Thu, 18 Mar 1999 08:54:46 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA09979; Thu, 18 Mar 1999 08:58:21 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma009963; Thu, 18 Mar 99 08:58:16 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA16963; Thu, 18 Mar 1999 12:28:33 GMT
Received: from swan.prod.itd.earthlink.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id HAA17008; Thu, 18 Mar 1999 07:28:22 -0500 (EST)
Received: from [208.251.162.96] (1Cust96.tnt5.nyc1.da.uu.net [208.251.162.96])
	by swan.prod.itd.earthlink.net (8.8.7/8.8.5) with ESMTP id EAA04549
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 18 Mar 1999 04:28:21 -0800 (PST)
Message-Id: <l03130300b316a22d8a9a@[153.34.135.207]>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Date: Thu, 18 Mar 1999 07:33:57 -0500
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: "James M. Cervino" <cnidaria@earthlink.net>
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "James M. Cervino" <cnidaria@earthlink.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 163
Dear Dr. Delbeek,
A colleague has forwarded me an email from you regarding a
newspaper article about our work which was apparently posted on the list
server. As you know these articles almost invariably have things taken out
of context, incomplete, or just left out.
 Some of those in that article relate to the very points that you raise.
They incorrectly seemed to imply that we are raising the pH of the water to
increase skeleton growth, and that this is what the coral does,which is
absurd as you rightly point out.
Unfortunately they didn't check to get this right! In fact what I explained
to the writer was that the electrolysis of sea water created high pH
conditions directly at the growing mineral surface itself, causing
limestone to precipitate chemically from seawater and promoting rapid
growth of calcareous organisms by providing them with significant extra
metabolic energy for growth (that large fraction no longer used to create
alkaline microsites in the calicoblastic epithelium to grow their
skeletons). You can see that he incorrectly over-simplified what I said. We
are analysing many years of data from repeat photographs and video of
hundreds of corals in the Indian Ocean and Caribbean. The photographs and
measurements show coral growth rates up to four times normal, even under
highly eutrophic water quality. Another important point which the article
left out was that around 80% of the corals survived last year's bleaching
on a large mineral accretion structure in the Maldives and a smaller one in
Seychelles, although almost all corals were killed on the surrounding
reefs. Had these points been included in the article, it would have been
more clear why the method has relevance to coral survival in conditions in
a warmer and polluted world. But your implied point is quite correct: if
global warming and water quality are not controlled, all efforts at reef
restoration will be futile.
The idea and the results are on much more solid ground than the
article conveys. Of course we would also prefer that restoration isn't
really neccessary, but it is almost everywhere we look, especially in the
three quarters of the world's coral reefs seriously affected by last year's
bleaching (and luckily for you, not including Hawaii) and by bad water
quality. Even if the root causes of reef degradation are not addressed, our
method will be competitive for shore protection applications, which will be
even more needed.
	Please let me know if you have more questions. We'll be happy to
provide more information from our large amounts of data, photographs, and
video to serious researchers like yourself than we could to a newspaper
journalist. I had hoped to be able to come to show them in Hawaii when I
was invited to the meeting last week, but apparently reef restoration was
not an area of concern to the sponsors, and this did not work out.
	With best wishes,
	Tom Goreau
Dr. Thomas J. Goreau
President
Global Coral Reef Alliance
324 Bedford Rd., Chappaqua, NY 10514
telephone:  914-238-8788	Fax: 914-238-8768
E-mail: 	goreau@bestweb.net
Web site: 	http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~goreau
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Mar 18 12:43:16 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA09543; Thu, 18 Mar 1999 12:43:09 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA05422; Thu, 18 Mar 1999 12:46:12 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma005368; Thu, 18 Mar 99 12:45:31 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA18574; Thu, 18 Mar 1999 16:30:08 GMT
Received: from atlrel1.hp.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA18538; Thu, 18 Mar 1999 11:29:52 -0500 (EST)
Received: from sappey.grenoble.hp.com (gege.grenoble.hp.com [15.128.135.147])
	by atlrel1.hp.com (8.8.6 (PHNE_14041)/8.8.5tis) with ESMTP id LAA13440
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 18 Mar 1999 11:29:36 -0500 (EST)
Received: by sappey.grenoble.hp.com
	(1.37.109.24/15.5+ECS 3.3) id AA131563921; Thu, 18 Mar 1999 17:18:41 +0100
From: David Excoffier <excofier@sappey.grenoble.hp.com>
Message-Id: <199903181618.AA131563921@sappey.grenoble.hp.com>
Subject: Re: Articles about reefs
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Date: Thu, 18 Mar 1999 17:18:40 MET
Cc: excofier@sappey.grenoble.hp.com
In-Reply-To: <Pine.GSO.4.05.9903170630410.10297-100000@uhunix1>; from "J. Charles Delbeek" at Mar 17, 99 6:38 am
X-Mailer: Elm [revision: 109.19]
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: David Excoffier <excofier@sappey.grenoble.hp.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 164
Dear all, Dr. Delbeek,
The most interesting thing in this story, I think, is not that you can build a
limestone base but that corals living between the two electrodes are growing
much more faster...
A french hobbyist, Joffrey Dislair, is working on that topic since one year and
a half. He has read the original story of the German architect, where the goal
was to create an artificial island !. This seems to have not been successful,
but in his team there was also a biologist (T. Goreau) who has discovered that
the corals living there were growing faster.
Joffrey is experimenting this method in his aquarium, I'll not enter in the
details here, he will do that much better than me, but here are some more
informations.
With this method (partial electrolysis) he can have in his tank a very high
calcium level(800 to 1000 mg/L), KH up to 20 and strontium level up to 25 mg/L.
Some of his acropora sp are growing up to 50cm per year, this number will
certainly increase when he will have a better lightning source.
Note also that he has encountered some problems in the skeleton structure of the
corals making them brittle, Calcium level fluctuation, but nearly all his
problems seems to be solved now.
If you are interested in Joffrey works, do not hesitate to contact me, I'll try
to forward/translate, Joffrey is now working on a summary of all his work.
Rgds
David Excoffier
--
France
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Mar 19 09:29:43 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA22918; Fri, 19 Mar 1999 09:29:32 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA23680; Fri, 19 Mar 1999 09:32:37 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma023621; Fri, 19 Mar 99 09:32:00 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA25064; Fri, 19 Mar 1999 13:29:56 GMT
Message-Id: <199903191329.NAA25064@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: Cassian Edwards <c.edwards@qmw.ac.uk>
To: Coral List <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: TOM in Sediments
Date: Fri, 19 Mar 1999 11:39:50 -0000
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Cassian Edwards <c.edwards@qmw.ac.uk>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 165
Dear All,
I want to obtain measurements of total organic matter from reef sediments
using the Difference on Ignition method. I am aware that that due to the
nature of sediment and the large quantities of carbonate that results may
be innacurate if temperature were to exceed 500 C due to combustion of
CaCO3.
Can anybody suggest a particular protocol that will be of help?
Thank you very much,
Cassian
Cassian Edwards
School of Biological Sciences
Queen Mary and Westfield College
University of London
Mile End Road
London
E1 4NS
ENGLAND
Tel: +44 (0)171 975 5555 ext. 4121
Fax: +44 (0)181 983 0973
Email: c.edwards@qmw.ac.uk
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Mar 19 13:00:52 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA26926; Fri, 19 Mar 1999 13:00:50 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA12387; Fri, 19 Mar 1999 13:04:27 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma012332; Fri, 19 Mar 99 13:03:44 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA26492; Fri, 19 Mar 1999 17:17:54 GMT
Received: from servidor.unam.mx by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA26422; Fri, 19 Mar 1999 12:17:38 -0500 (EST)
Received: from ubi12.iztacala.unam.mx ([132.248.188.104])
	by servidor.unam.mx (8.8.8/8.8.8) with SMTP id LAA08563;
	Fri, 19 Mar 1999 11:15:06 -0600 (CST)
Message-Id: <3.0.5.32.19990319112134.007bd4a0@servidor.unam.mx>
X-Sender: horta@servidor.unam.mx
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.5 (32)
Date: Fri, 19 Mar 1999 11:21:34 -0600
To: coral@aoml.noaa.gov, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Guillermo Horta-Puga <horta@servidor.unam.mx>
Subject: Requesting an e-mail
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Guillermo Horta-Puga <horta@servidor.unam.mx>
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id NAA26926
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 166
Hi Coral people
Does anybody knows the e-mail of GLEN T. SHEN or the way I may contact him?
Thanks in advance
                            GUILLERMO HORTA-PUGA
                      INVEMAR, BIOGEOQUMICA, UBIPRO,
                               UNAM-IZTACALA
                    AP 314, TLALNEPANTLA, MEXICO 54000
                  TEL: +(52) 56231126, 56231132, 58904806
                            FAX. +(52) 56231225
                      E-MAIL: horta@servidor.unam.mx
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Mar 19 14:22:56 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA29304; Fri, 19 Mar 1999 14:22:53 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA18520; Fri, 19 Mar 1999 14:25:39 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma018434; Fri, 19 Mar 99 14:25:14 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA27327; Fri, 19 Mar 1999 18:50:20 GMT
Date: Fri, 19 Mar 1999 18:50:20 GMT
Message-Id: <199903191850.SAA27327@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: "NOAA's Coral Health and Monitoring Program" <coral@aoml.noaa.gov>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Acropora thread
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "NOAA's Coral Health and Monitoring Program" <coral@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 167
Greetings!
	I am happy to announce that our Web Master, Gina Morisseau-Leroy,
has placed the coral-list thread on the great Acropora/Endangered Species
List debate on our CHAMP Home Page at:
	http://www.coral.noaa.gov
under both the "Bulletins" and the "Misceallaneous Themes and Projects"
areas.
	We hope this will be of benefit to you.
	Cheers,
	The Happy CHAMPers
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Mar 19 15:01:19 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA29941; Fri, 19 Mar 1999 15:01:17 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA21512; Fri, 19 Mar 1999 15:04:56 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma021390; Fri, 19 Mar 99 15:04:09 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA25809; Fri, 19 Mar 1999 19:26:39 GMT
Received: from smtp3.erols.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA27653; Fri, 19 Mar 1999 14:26:29 -0500 (EST)
Received: from erols.com (207-172-239-74.s11.as2.rkv.md.dialup.rcn.com [207.172.239.74])
	by smtp3.erols.com (8.8.8/8.8.5) with ESMTP id OAA19287
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 19 Mar 1999 14:26:28 -0500 (EST)
Message-ID: <36F2A442.C4F7C4@erols.com>
Date: Fri, 19 Mar 1999 14:23:46 -0500
From: John Ware <jware@erols.com>
Organization: SeaServices, Inc.
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.02 [en]C-DIAL  (Win95; U)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: "coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: (no subject)
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: John Ware <jware@erols.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 168
Dear Listers,
Does anyone know where I can find photos of coral planula on the web?
My searches have proven fruitless.
Please respond directly to me.
Thanks,
John
--
     *************************************************************
     *                                                           *
     *                       John R. Ware, PhD                   *
     *                          President                        *
     *                       SeaServices, Inc.                   *
     *                    19572 Club House Road                  *
     *                Montgomery Village, MD, 20886              *
     *                        301 987-8507                       *
     *                       jware@erols.com                     *
     *                      fax: 301 987-8531                    *
     *                                          _                *
     *                                         |                 *
     *   ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ *
     *                                        _|_                *
     *                                       | _ |               *
     *        _______________________________|   |________       *
     *     |\/__ Undersea Technology for the 21st Century \      *
     *     |/\____________________________________________/      *
     **************************************************************
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Mar 19 18:30:34 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id SAA02264; Fri, 19 Mar 1999 18:30:32 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA03734; Fri, 19 Mar 1999 18:33:20 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma003717; Fri, 19 Mar 99 18:32:43 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id WAA28509; Fri, 19 Mar 1999 22:56:43 GMT
Received: from pisces.tcg.sgi.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA28644; Fri, 19 Mar 1999 17:56:33 -0500 (EST)
Received: from Stargate.sgi.net (dap-209-114-166-98.pm4-1-s2.eth.pgh.pa.stargate.net [209.114.166.98])
	by pisces.tcg.sgi.net (StarGate/4.0.24) with SMTP id RAA05178
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 19 Mar 1999 17:56:32 -0500 (EST)
Message-Id: <199903192256.RAA05178@pisces.tcg.sgi.net>
From: "Wendy Jo" <slkyshrk@sgi.net>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Date: Fri, 19 Mar 1999 17:52:53 -0500
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT
Subject: Internet sites for Newsletter
Priority: normal
X-mailer: Pegasus Mail for Win32 (v3.01d)
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Wendy Jo" <slkyshrk@sgi.net>
Status: RO
X-Status: A
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 169
Dear Coral list,
This is only my second post here as I am not a scientist, but a
diver interested in what's happening with coral around the world. I
am also the Environmental News Director for the West Penn Scuba
Divers Club in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Part of my responsibility of
this volunteer position is to help educate our divers about the plight
of coral reef around the world, and I do this through a monthly
newsletter to our divers and brief lectures and updates at regular
monthly meetings. I have two requests, if I may:
1) I am always searching for internet sites to include in our
newsletter as "Internet Site of the Month". If you have one that is
coral, marine or somehow related to diving, and would like to be
featured in our newsletter, please send me the URL and a brief
description of your site.
2) If anyone out there knows somebody or is somebody in this area
who is willing to do a one hour talk to our group, please let me
know. I realize we have no oceans in Pittsburgh, PA, but we have a
lot of enthusiastic divers who dive around the world. The West
Penn SCUBA Club cannot pay anyone. The only real satisfaction
you will get is a bunch of grateful (and better educated) divers, not
to mention extremely grateful club officers. Ok, we'll buy you a beer
or two. :-) The club meets every first Thursday of each month. My
address, email and phone are listed below. If you are from out of
town, and happen to be "in the area" (of Pittsburgh!?) and can lend
your expertise, we may very well build a statue in your honor.
Sincerely,
Wendy Shemansky
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Wendy Jo Shemansky
311 Biddle Ave
Pittsburgh, PA 15221
(412) 244-3318
Environmental News Director, Secretary
West Penn Scuba Divers
slkyshrk@sgi.net
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Mar 20 11:59:58 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA06010; Sat, 20 Mar 1999 11:59:50 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA22760; Sat, 20 Mar 1999 12:02:57 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma022745; Sat, 20 Mar 99 12:02:31 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA33516; Sat, 20 Mar 1999 16:20:46 GMT
Received: from correio2.openlink.com.br by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA33559; Sat, 20 Mar 1999 11:20:36 -0500 (EST)
Received: from jcreed (unverified [200.224.102.8]) by correio2.openlink.com.br
 (Rockliffe SMTPRA 2.1.7) with SMTP id <B0001374413@correio2.openlink.com.br>;
 Sat, 20 Mar 1999 13:21:11 -0300
Date: Sat, 20 Mar 1999 13:21:11 -0300
Message-ID: <B0001374413@correio2.openlink.com.br>
X-Sender: jcreed@pop.openlink.com.br
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Light Version 1.5.2
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
To: algae-l@listserv.heanet.ie
From: "Joel C. Creed" <jcreed@openlink.com.br>
Subject: New Brazilian benthic marine biology listserver - BENTOS
Cc: seagrass_forum@essun1.murdoch.edu.au, mangrove@essun1.murdoch.edu.au,
        coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Joel C. Creed" <jcreed@openlink.com.br>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 170
Colleagues,
A new listserver, BENTOS, is available to discuss all aspects of Brazilian
marine benthic biology. Although most discussion will be in Portuguese,
messages in other languages (such as English or Spanish) are acceptable. I
am more than happy to pass on messages to the list from those with specific
Brazil-related queries but who don't want to subscribe (contact
jcreed@uerj.br). Those who wish to subscribe should send an e-mail to
majordomo@uerj.br with the following line of text:
Subscribe bentos
More details (in Portuguese) are available at
http://home.openlink.com.br/jcreed /Bentos.html.
Apologies for inevitable cross-postings
Joel C. Creed
IBRAG-DBAV Setor de Ecologia,
Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - UERJ,
Rua Sao Francisco Xavier 524,
PHLC Sala 220, CEP 20559-900,
Rio de Janeiro, R.J., BRAZIL.
Work Tel. 55 21 587 7328/7614
(Tel/Fax home) 55 21 493 2475
jcreed@openlink.com.br
Visit my homepage http://home.openlink.com.br/jcreed/
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Mar 20 13:21:25 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA06490; Sat, 20 Mar 1999 13:21:22 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA24603; Sat, 20 Mar 1999 13:24:10 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma024592; Sat, 20 Mar 99 13:23:41 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA33762; Sat, 20 Mar 1999 17:44:33 GMT
Received: from bezeq.nmt.co.il by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA32978; Sat, 20 Mar 1999 12:44:23 -0500 (EST)
Received: from bezeq.nmt.co.il ([147.235.11.107])
	by bezeq.nmt.co.il (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id TAA08770
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 20 Mar 1999 19:44:26 +0200
Message-ID: <36F3ED22.16F027BA@bezeq.nmt.co.il>
Date: Sat, 20 Mar 1999 20:46:59 +0200
From: David Zakai <zakaid@bezeq.nmt.co.il>
Organization: Red Sea Marine Biologist, Israel Nature & National Parks Protection Authority, Eilat District, P.O.Box 667, Eilat, Israel
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.05 [en] (Win95; I)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Volunteers needed
Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------6D3A31E16437429A7CE1F413"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: David Zakai <zakaid@bezeq.nmt.co.il>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 171
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
--------------6D3A31E16437429A7CE1F413
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Israel Nature & National Parks Protection Authority, Eilat District
(northern Red Sea), is seeking for volunteers to help in the field of
marine biology, marine & coastal management, and restoration of coral
reef.
We require:
1. B.Sc/B.A in one of the above fields, or related fields
2. at least 3 months volunteering period
3. experience with data collection using SCUBA diving
We give:
1. accommodation in our dormitory flat
2. volunteer insurance, for the working period only
3. transportation during working hours
4. free entrance coupons for all National Parks and Nature Reserves, all
around Israel
We are not covering:
1. any salary
2. food
3. travel expenses (in or out from Eilat)
CV is need to be send to David Zakai via Email using Word 7 only, or by
mail to David Zakai, Israel Nature & National Parks Protection
Authority, Eilat District, P.O.Box 667, Eilat, Israel
For more information feel free to contact us,
David Zakai
--------------6D3A31E16437429A7CE1F413
Content-Type: text/x-vcard; charset=us-ascii; name="vcard.vcf"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Description: Card for David  Zakai
Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="vcard.vcf"
begin:          vcard
fn:             David  Zakai
n:              Zakai;David
org:            Israel Nature & National Parks Protection Authority, Eilat District
adr:            P.O.Box 667;;;Eilat;;88105;Israel
email;internet: zakaid@bezeq.nmt.co.il
title:           Red Sea Marine Biologist
tel;work:       Office: + 972-7-637-3988 Lab: +9tel
tel;fax:        +972-7-637-5047
x-mozilla-cpt:  ;0
x-mozilla-html: FALSE
version:        2.1
end:            vcard
--------------6D3A31E16437429A7CE1F413--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Mar 22 14:11:13 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA24788; Mon, 22 Mar 1999 14:11:09 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA20758; Mon, 22 Mar 1999 14:13:58 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma020664; Mon, 22 Mar 99 14:13:00 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA39277; Mon, 22 Mar 1999 17:50:19 GMT
Received: from daffodil.infochan.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA46756; Mon, 22 Mar 1999 12:50:01 -0500 (EST)
Received: from MyPC ([208.135.101.25])
	by daffodil.infochan.com (8.9.0/8.9.1) with SMTP id MAA12153
	for <coral-list@reef.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 22 Mar 1999 12:48:43 -0500 (EST)
Message-ID: <001a01be748c$62b009a0$196587d0@MyPC.infochan.com>
From: "Robert Murray" <rmurray@daffodil.infochan.com>
To: "CORAL-LIST" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: DBML Update
Date: Mon, 22 Mar 1999 12:49:45 -0500
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.3110.1
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Robert Murray" <rmurray@daffodil.infochan.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 172
THE DISCOVERY BAY MARINE LABORATORY (Jamaica)
would like to advise that our web site is at the following new address;
WWW.DBML.ORG
We would be grateful if older links to us (previously at
http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/Discovery_Bay_Marine_Laboratory/)
are now updated.
DBML is a non-profit educational institution (part of The University of the
West Indies) committed to coral reef research and conservation, welcoming
researchers and a selection of volunteers from around the world throughout
the year. For more information visit our site or contact our administration.
Admin@dbml
===========================
Discovery Bay Marine Laboratory,
Discovery Bay, Jamaica, W.I.
Tel. (876) 973 2946
Fax. (876) 973 3091
admin@dbml.org
dbml@uwimona.edu.jm
WWW.DBML.ORG
===========================
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Mar 24 20:29:13 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id UAA10353; Wed, 24 Mar 1999 20:29:07 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA29964; Wed, 24 Mar 1999 20:31:57 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma029952; Wed, 24 Mar 99 20:31:10 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id AAA62019; Thu, 25 Mar 1999 00:07:01 GMT
Received: from [203.22.224.100] by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id TAA62169; Wed, 24 Mar 1999 19:06:39 -0500 (EST)
Received: from AMINTER by [203.22.224.100]
          via smtpd (for coral.aoml.noaa.gov [192.111.123.248]) with SMTP; 25 Mar 1999 01:05:53 UT
Received: from ccMail by amsg.austmus.gov.au
  (IMA Internet Exchange 2.12 Enterprise) id 0006AD9C; Thu, 25 Mar 1999 11:03:56 +1000
Mime-Version: 1.0
Date: Thu, 25 Mar 1999 09:51:29 +1000
Message-ID: <0006AD9C.3204@amsg.austmus.gov.au>
From: path@amsg.austmus.gov.au (PatH)
Subject: Position available at Qld University
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Description: cc:Mail note part
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: path@amsg.austmus.gov.au (PatH)
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 173
     LECTURESHIP IN CORAL REEF ECOLOGY - UQ Lecturer/Senior Lecturer (Level
     B/C) Continuing
     The Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Queensland,
     invites applications for an appointment at Lecturer level B/C, the
     level of appointment and commencement salary being dependent on
     qualifications and experience.
     The University operates a small research station at Low Isles in the
     northern Great Barrier Reef region, a large teaching and research
     station at Heron Island in the southern GBR, and a similar facility
     under construction in Moreton Bay.  All research stations have an
     appropriate range of small boats, and the University has recently
     purchased an 11.15m catamaran capable of offshore operations.
     The appointee will coordinate and further develop a 3rd level field
     subject in Coral Reef Ecology and contribute to other appropriate
     undergraduate subjects.  The successful candidate will be expected to
     attract and supervise postgraduate students, especially those
     interested in coral reef ecology, to foster use of the University's
     Heron Island Research Station, to pursue an active, externally funded
     research program in coral reef ecology, and contribute to the academic
     life of the Department, the Centre for Marine Studies and the
     University.
     Applicants should possess a PhD degree, have demonstrably relevant
     achievements in tertiary level teaching and research, proven ability
     to supervise postgraduate students, a documented record of high
     research productivity, an ability to work cooperatively in a team
     environment, and experience in administration and research.
     Preference will be given to applicants with a strong background in
     tropical and sub-tropical coral reef ecology.
     The appointment, commencing in mid-1999, will be continuing, with a
     probationary period of 3 years (Senior Lecturer) or 5 years
     (Lecturer), with tenured appointment beyond probationary periods
     subject to satisfactory performance against agreed criteria.  The
     successful applicant will contribute to the teaching and research
     activities of the department, and also to the broader marine program
     of the University.
     Information about the Department of Zoology and Entomology, and the
     University's Centre for Marine Studies/School of Marine Science, can
     be found on the web: http://www.zoology.uq.edu.au/soms/
     Details of the position and  further information about the Centre for
     Marine Studies/School of Marine Science can be obtained by contacting:
     Associate Professor Jack Greenwood
     email JGreenwood@zoology.uq.edu.au
     phone (+7 3365 2504).
     Further details of duties and selection criteria are available from
     the Department of Zoology and Entomology Senior Administration
     Officer, Janine Armitage (JArmitage@zoology.uq.edu.au).
     Salary range: Lecturer (Level B), $48,327 - $57,388 Senior Lecturer
     (Level C), $59,200 - $68,261
______________________________ Reply Separator _________________________________
Subject: poverty and gear types in coral reef fisheries
Author:  Joshua Cinner <jcin5062@postoffice.uri.edu> at Internet
Date:    1/25/99 2:06 PM
Dear coral-listers
I would like to get some feedback,suggestions, and possibly some new
directions from this multi-disciplinary body regarding my master's thesis.
 As a Peace Corps Volunteer in Jamaica, I observed what I believe to be a
connection between the relative wealth of fishers and the type of gear they
used.  It appeared as though the gear types which seem to be more malignant
to the coral reef were utilized by fishers of lower wealth and social
status. (I am assuming that some gear types, such as line fishing, are more
benign while others, such as blast fishing, are more malignant toward the
reef).  I am interested in pursuing this idea as my masters thesis which I
am currently beginning here at the Marine Affairs Faculty of the University
of Rhode Island.    My initial idea is to examine the different measures of
wealth for the study site (as income is often an inappropriate measure of
status and wealth- for example; one study expressed that the ability to
travel, especially abroad, was the ultimate measure of wealth for a
specific community in Jamaica). I then plan to explore the gear types
employed by fishers and their relative effects on coral reefs.  I am
planning to establish a linkage between wealth and gear types by using a
discrete choice analysis (maybe probit or logit), but WELCOME ANY OTHER
IDEAS.  Here is where I could really use some suggestions however- seeing
as I want to make a direct link between coral reef conditions and poverty,
would it be  practical to do my own research on the reefs themselves
(probably just manta tows or other really basic surveys is all I was really
thinking) or should I just focus on the measures of wealth, gear types, and
linking them, relying on background information from other studies to
suggest that gear types have different effects on reefs? I have (It seems)
obtained some funding to conduct my research over the summer in Mexico.
Can anyone recommend a site (or preferably several) in Mexico that would
have a high diversity of coral reef fishing practices?  I would also
appreciate suggestions of particularly interesting studies on measures of
wealth, and gear types and impacts (especially if it is in Mex). I
sincerely appreciate feedback, so please let me know what you think of my
ideas, give me suggestions, comments, criticisms, whatever.
Respectfully,
Joshua Cinner
2550 Kingstown Rd.
Kingston, RI
02881
(401) 783-6719
jcin5062@postoffice.uri.edu
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Mar 25 16:12:24 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA26244; Thu, 25 Mar 1999 16:12:21 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA13603; Thu, 25 Mar 1999 16:15:10 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma013555; Thu, 25 Mar 99 16:14:19 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA03148; Thu, 25 Mar 1999 20:16:44 GMT
Received: from calafia.uabcs.mx by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id PAA03144; Thu, 25 Mar 1999 15:16:36 -0500 (EST)
Received: by calafia.uabcs.mx (AIX 3.2/UCB 5.64/4.03)
          id AA09979; Thu, 25 Mar 1999 13:19:57 -0600
Date: Thu, 25 Mar 1999 13:19:56 -0600 (CST)
From: Hector Reyes Bonilla <hreyes@calafia.uabcs.mx>
To: Lista de arrecifes de coral <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Artificial reefs
Message-Id: <Pine.A32.3.91.990325131506.10724B-100000@calafia.uabcs.mx>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Hector Reyes Bonilla <hreyes@calafia.uabcs.mx>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 174
	Companeros,
	Does anybody know if there are international regulations for the
conditions of a boat that it is bound to be sunk to work as a artificial
reef? I know that the amount of oil and petroleum derivates should be
nil, and that it is recommendable to close all doors to avoid accidents,
but not many more. Also, are there guidelines for artificial reefs
related to distance to the coast, bottom composition, etc? Thanks for the
answers.
	Hector Reyes
	UABCS, La Paz.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Mar 26 08:59:53 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA03941; Fri, 26 Mar 1999 08:59:50 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA12070; Fri, 26 Mar 1999 09:03:01 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma011942; Fri, 26 Mar 99 09:02:11 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA07473; Fri, 26 Mar 1999 12:39:20 GMT
Message-Id: <199903261239.MAA07473@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Thu, 25 Mar 1999 16:15:47 -0600
From: James Wiseman <james@winmarconsulting.com>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: RE: Artificial reefs
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: James Wiseman <james@winmarconsulting.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 175
Hello Hector and list,
I have previously been a lurker on this list, as I am an engineer and not a
scientist...;-)  I will try not to make an a$$ out of myself...
I work for a company here in Houston that specializes in the decommissioning
of offshore oil and gas platforms.  Each year, we donate approximately 10%
of the platforms decommissioned to either the Texas or Louisiana Artificial
Reef Programs (Marine Board, 1996)
Here in the Gulf of Mexico, we have guidelines to follow, when deciding what
to donate to the programs, and they (the programs and their managers)
in-turn have guidelines for what materials and configurations to use for
their artificial reefs.  These are guidelines, and they are fairly flexible,
they are not laws.  There is really only one Law pertaining to Artificial
Reefs here in the USA (National Fishing Enhancement Act - Sec. 204 National
Artificial Reef Plan)
I'll try to answer your questions below, but if you -- or anyone else on the
list interested in artificial reefs -- would like more specific information,
please e-mail me.
> 	Companeros,
> 	Does anybody know if there are international
> regulations for the
> conditions of a boat that it is bound to be sunk to work as a
> artificial
> reef?
I would start with the IMO guidelines.  These will govern in this case.
These guidelines pertain to safe navigation.
>I know that the amount of oil and petroleum derivates should be
> nil, and that it is recommendable to close all doors to avoid
> accidents,
> but not many more. Also, are there guidelines for artificial reefs
> related to distance to the coast, bottom composition, etc?
Yes, there are certainly guidelines for this, although they vary, depending
which state's artificial reef plan you look at (at least here in the US).
Some things to look at would be:
Reef Stability
Vertical Profile
Complexity
Substrate/Material
Inside Reef Preserve/Not Inside Preserve
Proximity of natural reefs
Bottom Composition
Cathodic Protection/No Protection
You will want to set criteria for each of the above, depending on what you
wish to acheive.
> Thanks for the
> answers.
> 	Hector Reyes
> 	UABCS, La Paz.
>
Like I said, e-mail me if you have specific questions, or I can put you in
touch w/ someone here on the reef board.
Cheers
James Wiseman
Winmar Consulting Services
Houston TX
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Mar 26 09:58:42 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA05570; Fri, 26 Mar 1999 09:58:40 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA15816; Fri, 26 Mar 1999 10:01:48 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma015789; Fri, 26 Mar 99 10:01:16 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA05567; Fri, 26 Mar 1999 13:42:25 GMT
Received: from onondaga.gate.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id IAA07833; Fri, 26 Mar 1999 08:42:16 -0500 (EST)
Received: from gate.net ([199.227.60.111] (may be forged)) by onondaga.gate.net (8.8.6/8.6.12) with ESMTP id IAA68266 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 26 Mar 1999 08:32:52 -0500
Message-ID: <36FB8EDB.FA9DFE1A@gate.net>
Date: Fri, 26 Mar 1999 08:42:51 -0500
From: Steven Miller <smiller@gate.net>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en] (Win98; I)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: ISRS/CMC Coral Reef Fellowship Award Announcement
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Steven Miller <smiller@gate.net>
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id NAA05567
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id JAA05570
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 176
ISRS/CMC Coral Reef Fellowship Award Announcement
The International Society for Reef Studies (http://www.uncwil.edu/isrs)
and the Center for Marine Conservation (http://cmc-ocean.org/) announced
today that their 1999 Coral Reef Fellowship Award was made to Helen Fox,
University of California, Berkeley.  Ms. Fox will work in Indonesias
Komodo National Park where she will assess damage to coral reefs from
dynamite fishing, also known as blast fishing.  She will assess
factors that affect recovery of blast sites and she will develop methods
to help accelerate recovery of coral reefs damaged by this destructive
fishing practice.  It is well known that blast fishing causes widespread
and devastating damage to coral reefs.  Despite being illegal, blast
fishing is reported to cause significant reef degradation throughout the
South Pacific.    Specifically, Ms. Fox will: 1) evaluate how coral
cover at various spatial scales correlates with recruitment; 2)
determine how rubble produced at the blast sites affects coral
recruitment in various flow regimes; 3) manipulate substrate stability
and rugosity to evaluate their effects on coral recruitment rates; and
4) evaluate recovery based on changes in community composition among
blast sites of known age compared to nearby unblasted sites.  Komodo
National Park is located in eastern Indonesia and includes areas where
significant blast fishing previously occurred, but has declined
dramatically in recent years due to management efforts.  This is the
third ISRS/CMC Fellowship award, with previous winners working in Belize
and the Philippines.   The award is for one year and is worth US$14,000.
Dr. Terry Done (President, ISRS)
Australian Institute of Marine Science
PMB #3 Mail Centre,
Townsville Qld          4810
Australia
email: tdone@aims.gov.au
For information about the ISRS/CMC Fellowship contact:
Dr. Steven Miller (Recording Secretary, ISRS)
University of North Carolina at Wilmington
515 Caribbean Drive
Key Largo, Florida 33037
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Mar 26 15:44:03 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA12435; Fri, 26 Mar 1999 15:44:00 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA13856; Fri, 26 Mar 1999 15:47:47 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma013791; Fri, 26 Mar 99 15:47:09 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA09822; Fri, 26 Mar 1999 19:35:52 GMT
Message-Id: <199903261935.TAA09822@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Fri, 05 Feb 1999 05:43:03 +1000
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: "Terry Done <"<tdone@aims.gov.au>
Subject: International Society for Reef Studies Statement on Diseases on
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 177
Coral Reefs
Sender: owner-coral-list
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Terry Done <<tdone@aims.gov.au>
Dear Coral-listers,
Below is a statement on diseases of corals and other important coral reef
life
compiled by the International Society for Reef Studies and released
today.
The Society believes the statement is warranted at this time, following
its earlier
statement on Coral Bleaching published in its newsletter "Reef Encounter'
and on coral-list.
The International Society for Reef Studies (ISRS), consisting of over
750
members in over 50 countries, was founded in 1981 for the purpose of
promoting the production and dissemination of scientific knowledge and
understanding of coral reefs, both living and fossil. The ISRS
publishes
the scientific journal CORAL REEFS and holds periodic meetings around
the
world. Further information as well as membership details can be found
at:www.uncwil.edu/isrs.
For all correspondence regarding this statement or other ISRS matters,
please
contact Dr Richard Aronson, Corresponding Secretary, at:-
raronson@jaguar1.usouthal.edu.
Submitted on behalf of the Society by
Terry Done
President ISRS
___________________________________________
<bold><bigger><bigger><bigger>International Society for Reef Studies
Statement on Diseases on Coral Reefs
Released February 4 1999
</bigger></bigger></bigger></bold>
Diseases of corals and other organisms are having significant, negative
impacts on the structure and appearance of coral reefs.  On some reefs,
the effects of disease have been of a similar magnitude to more familiar
disturbances, such as outbreaks of the crown-of-thorns starfish in the
Indo-Pacific and coral bleaching associated with elevated sea
temperatures.  A new scientific awareness of diseases on coral reefs
leads to a host of questions about the novelty of recently discovered
syndromes, the importance of observed trends toward increasing infection
rates, and the extent to which human activities are responsible.  This
statement, issued by the International Society for Reef Studies (ISRS),
summarizes current knowledge on the subject.  It was compiled by an ad
hoc group of scientists in ISRS, composed of individuals who are directly
or indirectly considering disease as part of their research programs.
Disease is a natural process that has been poorly studied in the oceans
because of its ephemeral nature.  Epidemics in animal populations,
called  epizootics, are a serious threat to the health of coral reefs
worldwide. Recent observations of  epizootics affecting sea urchins and
scleractinian corals show that diseases on reefs can devastate their
target populations and act as agents of rapid and dramatic community
change.  Marine pathologists and microbiologists are attempting to
identify the causes of infection, but the pathogens responsible for most
diseases affecting reef organisms remain elusive.  These difficulties are
complicating efforts by scientists and managers to study outbreaks and
decide if control measures are warranted.  It is becoming clear, however,
that human activity is at least partially responsible for disease
outbreaks on coral reefs over the past decade.
Corals are colonial invertebrates related to sea anemones.  They lay down
the limestone foundations of coral reefs, protecting tropical shorelines
and providing habitat for the many fish and invertebrate species that
feed a substantial proportion of the world's population.  Like all living
organisms, corals are prone to diseases of various sorts.  The incidence
of disease on coral reefs may be on the rise, but without historical,
baseline data it is difficult to determine if the observed increase is
real or simply a reflection of  increased research activity.  Recent
scientific reviews list four to six confirmed coral diseases in the
Caribbean region alone; other estimates, based only on observed symptoms,
run as high as fifteen.  Bacteria, fungi, and cyanobacteria ("blue-green
algae") are known to cause diseases in corals.   Sick and dying corals
are cause for concern, because coral death slows the rate of reef
construction.  Reefs devastated by disease (or by other causes of coral
mortality) may not be able to keep up with sea-level rise, which is
naturally slow but may be accelerating due to global warming.  And as
reefs degrade, fish and other seafood resources decline as well.
Three coral diseases--"white-band," "black-band," and "plague"-were
first reported in the Caribbean in the 1970s.  The first documented,
regional-scale epizootic, however,  affected the black-spined sea urchin,
Diadema antillarum.   In 1983-84, a disease carried by ocean currents
killed more than 95 percent of the Diadema throughout the Caribbean.
This epizootic clearly demonstrated that diseases can have major impacts
on reef ecology.  Before its mass mortality, Diadema was an important
herbivore: it ate fast-growing fleshy algae (seaweeds), keeping space
free for corals to survive and grow.  After the urchins died, algae
increased dramatically on many Caribbean reefs.  They colonized corals
that had been killed by hurricanes and by white-band disease.
Although the infective agent of white-band disease remains unknown, there
is some evidence that it is bacterial.  White-band disease infected
populations of staghorn and elkhorn coral (Acropora cervicornis and
Acropora palmata) throughout the Caribbean region in the 1980s and 1990s,
inflicting enormous losses.  Because Diadema also disappeared, seaweeds
rapidly colonized the dead coral skeletons, and as a result large areas
of Caribbean reefs have been covered with fleshy algae for over a
decade.  Paleontologists working in Belize recently uncovered evidence
that the epizootic of white-band disease is without historical precedent:
staghorn coral has not died off before on a regional basis in at least
several thousand years. Staghorn and elkhorn corals are major
constructors of reef framework, and their loss could slow the rate of
reef growth in the Caribbean.
Many marine scientists suspect that human activities, such as pollution
and changing patterns of land use, promoted the spread of  white-band
disease in Florida and the Caribbean.  There is little evidence for a
human connection, however, other than the historical novelty of the
outbreak.  Eutrophication, the enhanced input of nutrients by humans, may
be an important source of stress to reef organisms.  Eutrophication may
compromise disease resistance, allowing opportunistic infections to take
hold and new diseases to emerge.   A fungal infection of sea fans appears
to provide a link to human activity.  The fungus, Aspergillus sydowii,
has infected large populations of sea fans in the Florida Keys and
throughout the Caribbean.  Aspergillus sydowii is thought to be a
land-based fungus that has invaded the marine environment via the
sediment in terrestrial runoff.
Reliable information exists for two other diseases: black-band disease
and "plague type II." Black-band disease, caused by a consortium of
bacteria (including cyanobacteria) attacks and kills massive,
head-forming corals.  Black-band disease could pose a serious threat to
populations of brain corals and star corals, which, like the Acropora
species, are important components of reef framework in the Caribbean.
Plague type II attacks head corals in Florida, but it has also been
observed elsewhere in the Caribbean.   In this case, rigorous
microbiological work showed that the disease is caused by a single
bacterium, a new species of Sphingomonas.
Other epizootics are killing corals and many other important species on
reefs of the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic Oceans.  Black-band disease and
white-band disease have now been identified on reefs throughout the
tropical Indo-Pacific, including the Red Sea, Mauritius, the Philippines,
Papua New Guinea, and the Great Barrier Reef of Australia.  In the
Arabian Gulf, the newly discovered yellow-band disease is affecting up to
75 percent of the coral colonies in local populations.   In addition,
diseases of algae, sponges, and fish have been and continue to be
identified.
Reefs throughout the world were stressed by unusually high sea
temperatures in 1997-98, and the worldwide episode of coral bleaching
that resulted may render corals more susceptible to disease.  In the
Mediterranean, bacterial infections are associated with bleaching, and
disease outbreaks have been linked to predation by coral-eating snails in
the Red Sea.  The causal connections among bleaching, predation, and
disease remain obscure, however.
The role of disease on coral reefs and possible interactions with
environmental influences should be a research priority over the next
several years.  Despite the frustrating inability to identify pathogens
in most cases, reef scientists have detected symptoms that could
represent over a dozen new diseases.  Diseases are now recorded as part
of standardized reef monitoring programs throughout the world, including
the Caribbean Coastal Marine Productivity (CARICOMP) Program, the
worldwide Reef Check, the Atlantic and Gulf Reef Assessment (AGRA)
Program, and a variety of government and private programs in Australia.
Because corals grow slowly, live for decades to centuries, and reproduce
sporadically, today's epizootics will probably have consequences that
reach far into the future.  Multidisciplinary efforts, combining
microbiology, coral physiology and pathology, ecological monitoring, and
paleontology, will be necessary if we are to understand what is happening
and devise management strategies in response.  The International Society
of Reef Studies endorses existing government and private funding of
multidisciplinary programs to promote research on the changing nature of
coral reefs.  The Society recognizes the need for an increased level of
support if the many threats to reefs worldwide are to be understood and
mitigated.
</excerpt><<<<<<<<
Dr Terry Done
Australian Institute of Marine Science
PMB #3 Mail Centre,
Townsville Qld          4810
Australia
Phone 61 7 47 534 344
Fax   61 7 47 725 852
email: tdone@aims.gov.au
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Mar 26 16:15:23 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA13099; Fri, 26 Mar 1999 16:15:21 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA15262; Fri, 26 Mar 1999 16:19:06 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma015244; Fri, 26 Mar 99 16:18:35 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA09991; Fri, 26 Mar 1999 20:11:08 GMT
Received: from crs.loc.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id PAA10009; Fri, 26 Mar 1999 15:11:03 -0500 (EST)
Received: from CRSMAIL-Message_Server by crs.loc.gov
	with Novell_GroupWise; Fri, 26 Mar 1999 15:11:06 -0500
Message-Id: <s6fba38a.065@crs.loc.gov>
X-Mailer: Novell GroupWise 4.1
Date: Fri, 26 Mar 1999 15:10:42 -0500
From: Gene Buck <GBUCK@crs.loc.gov>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: coral reef stat -- looking for something citable.
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain
Content-Disposition: inline
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Gene Buck <GBUCK@crs.loc.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 178
Please reply directly to:  gbuck@crs.loc.gov
Coral list:
       I'm looking for a citable statistic relating coral reef habitat and marine fish
production -- anything along the line of "X% of marine species/commercial
marine species/fish/commercial fish/etc. rely on coral reefs at some stage of
their life history" or any variant thereof.  Can anyone give me a citation to
something useful in this vein?  Thanks in advance for any suggestions.
                                            Gene Buck, senior analyst
                                            Congressional Research Service
       gbuck@crs.loc.gov
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Mar 28 09:20:26 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA23186; Sun, 28 Mar 1999 09:20:24 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA04716; Sun, 28 Mar 1999 09:23:33 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma004703; Sun, 28 Mar 99 09:23:25 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA20583; Sun, 28 Mar 1999 13:38:50 GMT
Date: Sun, 28 Mar 1999 13:38:50 GMT
Message-Id: <199903281338.NAA20583@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
To: coral-list <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: coral-list admin <coral@aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Melissa-Macro-Virus Info
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: coral-list admin <coral@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 179
Greetings, this is a heads-up on a Microsoft Word 97 or Word 2000 virus
circulating.  Any mail handling system could experience performance
problems or a denial of service as a result of the propagation of this
macro virus.  A full description may be found at:
  http://www.cert.org/advisories/CA-99-04-Melissa-Macro-Virus.html
Here's just the begining of the description:
~~~~
The Melissa macro virus propagates in the form of an email message
containing an infected Word document as an attachment.  The transport
message has most frequently been reported to contain the following Subject
header
       Subject: Important Message From <name>
       Where <name> is the full name of the user sending the message.
       The body of the message is a multipart MIME message containing two
sections. The first section of the message (Content-Type: text/plain)
contains the following text.
       Here is that document you asked for ... don't show anyone else ;-)
       The next section (Content-Type: application/msword) was initially
reported to be a document called "list.doc". This document contains
references to pornographic web sites. As this macro virus spreads we are
likely to see documents with other names.  In fact, under certain
conditions the virus may generate attachments with documents created by
the victim.
~~~~
Microsoft apparently has a patch at:
	http://www.microsoft.com/security/bulletins/ms99-002.asp
~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Mar 27 18:07:37 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id SAA20339; Sat, 27 Mar 1999 18:07:30 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA19339; Sat, 27 Mar 1999 18:11:16 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma019325; Sat, 27 Mar 99 18:11:10 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA14084; Sat, 27 Mar 1999 21:52:53 GMT
Received: from edisto.cofc.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA14137; Sat, 27 Mar 1999 16:52:48 -0500 (EST)
Received: from localhost by edisto.cofc.edu (PMDF V5.2-29 #34575)
 with SMTP id <0F9900I01WRY9W@edisto.cofc.edu> for
 coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Sat, 27 Mar 1999 16:52:47 -0500 (EST)
Date: Sat, 27 Mar 1999 16:52:46 -0500 (EST)
From: Eric Treml <eatreml@edisto.cofc.edu>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Message-id: <Pine.OSF.3.96.990327165145.24854A-100000@edisto.cofc.edu>
MIME-version: 1.0
Content-type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Eric Treml <eatreml@edisto.cofc.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 180
Folks,
    I am completing a search on methods used in quantitative coral reef
community ecology.   Specifically, I would like to find references for the
history and use of the plot / quadrant sampling method.
Also, does anyone know of an earlier reference for the use of aerial
photography in reef ecology?  I have:
Kumpf & Randall (1961) Charting the marine environments... Bull. Mar. Sci.
11:543-51
Any comments or references would be much appreciated!
Cheers-
Eric
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Mar 28 03:29:11 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id DAA22069; Sun, 28 Mar 1999 03:29:08 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id DAA29531; Sun, 28 Mar 1999 03:32:55 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma029521; Sun, 28 Mar 99 03:32:48 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id HAA18919; Sun, 28 Mar 1999 07:37:45 GMT
Received: from pearl.aims.gov.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id CAA18820; Sun, 28 Mar 1999 02:37:36 -0500 (EST)
Received: from charliev.aims.gov.au ([138.7.37.12])
	by pearl.aims.gov.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id RAA03754
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 28 Mar 1999 17:37:32 +1000 (EST)
Message-Id: <3.0.1.32.19990328173620.00e82548@email.aims.gov.au>
X-Sender: dfenner@email.aims.gov.au
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0.1 (32)
Date: Sun, 28 Mar 1999 17:36:20 +1000
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Doug Fenner <d.fenner@aims.gov.au>
Subject: cyanide
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Doug Fenner <d.fenner@aims.gov.au>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 181
   Some time back I had made the suggestion that perhaps cyanide fishing
could be stopped by getting the manufacturers and distributors to more
closely watch who they sold it to.  Several people have pointed out to me
that cyanide has many manufacturing and agricultural uses, so attempts to
police its distribution are likely to be futile.
   I also suggested that if the consumers of cyanide-caught fresh fish felt
the effects of the cyanide or at least were made aware of it, they might
not be so eager to pay high prices for it.  It has been pointed out to me
that the amounts remaining in the small portion eaten would be unlikely to
have noticable effects, and that people in the areas where this practice is
common may eat food from water with far worse contamination without
worrying about it.
   Perhaps we should not give up hope that this tolerant attitude toward
pollution may someday change.  River pollution in the US was once so bad
that a river (in Ohio) caught on fire.  It was not all that long ago when
air pollution in Tokyo was so bad that people on the street paid to breathe
pure oxygen from a machine.  A recent statement from the gov't of the
People's Republic of China indicates that they now feel that cleaning up
pollution there is an important goal.  -Doug
Douglas Fenner, Ph.D.
Coral Taxonomist
Australian Institute of Marine Science
PMB No 3
Townsville MC
Queensland 4810
Australia
phone 07 4753 4241
e-mail: d.fenner@aims.gov.au
web: http://www.aims.gov.au
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Mar 28 09:16:45 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA23141; Sun, 28 Mar 1999 09:16:42 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA04656; Sun, 28 Mar 1999 09:19:31 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma004642; Sun, 28 Mar 99 09:19:18 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA20471; Sun, 28 Mar 1999 13:29:21 GMT
Message-Id: <199903281329.NAA20471@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: "Stephanie Voris" <svoris@nsu.acast.nova.edu>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: National Coral Reef Institute Conference
Date: Fri, 26 Mar 1999 15:42:30 -0500
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Stephanie Voris" <svoris@nsu.acast.nova.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 182
UPDATE
PLEASE POST ON THE CORAL LIST.  THANK YOU.
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS OF CORAL REEF ASSESSMENT,
MONITORING, AND RESTORATION, April 14-16, 1999, Ft. Lauderdale, FL.
Plenary talks, Oral presenations in Special and Contributed Sessions,
Poster Presenations
Final schedule and program are now posted on the web.  Registrations for the
Conference are currently being accepted. Please consult:
http:\\www.nova.edu\ocean\ncri\confinfo_1.html  for more information.
Limited exhibit space for your organization is still available.  To showcase
your organization's work / products / research / etc. to well over 350
national and international coral reef participants, email Stephanie Voris
(Svoris@ocean.nova.edu).
Stephanie Voris
National Coral Reef Institute
Nova Southeastern University Oceanographic Center
svoris@ocean.nova.edu
(954) 923-3390
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Mar 29 09:51:02 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA01881; Mon, 29 Mar 1999 09:50:58 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA10833; Mon, 29 Mar 1999 09:54:08 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma010810; Mon, 29 Mar 99 09:53:36 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA26909; Mon, 29 Mar 1999 13:39:49 GMT
Received: from aol11.wff.nasa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id IAA26839; Mon, 29 Mar 1999 08:39:43 -0500 (EST)
Received: from osb.wff.nasa.gov (localhost [127.0.0.1])
	by aol11.wff.nasa.gov (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id IAA10992;
	Mon, 29 Mar 1999 08:38:36 -0500
Message-ID: <36FF825B.69067DA0@osb.wff.nasa.gov>
Date: Mon, 29 Mar 1999 08:38:35 -0500
From: "C. Wayne Wright" <wright@osb1.wff.nasa.gov>
Organization: NASA
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en] (X11; U; Linux 2.2.3 i686)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Stephanie Voris <svoris@nsu.acast.nova.edu>
CC: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: National Coral Reef Institute Conference
References: <199903281329.NAA20471@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "C. Wayne Wright" <wright@osb1.wff.nasa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 183
Stephanie Voris wrote:
> UPDATE
> PLEASE POST ON THE CORAL LIST.  THANK YOU.
>
> INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS OF CORAL REEF ASSESSMENT,
> MONITORING, AND RESTORATION, April 14-16, 1999, Ft. Lauderdale, FL.
There were errors in the orginal posted URL,  the link actually is:
 http://www.nova.edu/ocean/ncri/confinfo_1.html
C. W. Wright
-------------------------------------------------->-+
C.W. Wright,wright@osb.wff.nasa.gov, Ph:757-824-1698
Fax: 757-824-1036,
NASA,Goddard Space Flight Center
Code 972,  Wallops Flight Facility
Wallops Island, Va. 23337
-------+-<-------------------------------------------
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Mar 29 15:50:59 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA11916; Mon, 29 Mar 1999 15:48:43 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA15278; Mon, 29 Mar 1999 15:52:32 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma015253; Mon, 29 Mar 99 15:52:18 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA26379; Mon, 29 Mar 1999 19:39:58 GMT
Received: from epic66.dep.state.fl.us by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA26345; Mon, 29 Mar 1999 14:39:53 -0500 (EST)
Received: from mr.dep.state.fl.us by EPIC66.DEP.STATE.FL.US (PMDF V5.1-4 #7204)
 id <01J9EL04KMOW003HAH@EPIC66.DEP.STATE.FL.US> for
 coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Mon, 29 Mar 1999 14:13:43 EST
Received: with PMDF-MR; Mon, 29 Mar 1999 14:04:31 -0500 (EST)
MR-Received: by mta EPIC7; Relayed; Mon, 29 Mar 1999 14:04:31 -0500
MR-Received: by mta EPIC66; Relayed; Mon, 29 Mar 1999 14:07:38 -0500
Alternate-recipient: prohibited
Date: Mon, 29 Mar 1999 14:04:29 -0500 (EST)
From: Matt Patterson STP 727-896-8626 <PATTERSON_M@epic7.dep.state.fl.us>
Subject: New addition
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov,
        Jenni Wheaton <WHEATON_J@epic7.dep.state.fl.us>,
        Walt Jaap <JAAP_W@epic7.dep.state.fl.us>,
        Jim Porter <jporter@arches.uga.edu>,
        Phil Dustan <pdustan@zeus.cofc.edu>,
        John Dotten MARA <DOTTEN_J@epic7.dep.state.fl.us>,
        Dave Eaken MARA <EAKEN_D@epic7.dep.state.fl.us>
Cc: Gil McRae STP <MCRAE_G@epic7.dep.state.fl.us>,
        Alan Huff STP <HUFF_A@epic7.dep.state.fl.us>,
        Ken Haddad STP <HADDAD_K@epic7.dep.state.fl.us>
Message-id: <E88IVU31CC2*/R=A1/R=EPIC7/U=PATTERSON_M/@MHS>
MIME-version: 1.0
Content-type: TEXT/PLAIN; CHARSET=US-ASCII
Posting-date: Mon, 29 Mar 1999 14:04:30 -0500 (EST)
Importance: normal
Priority: normal
Sensitivity: Company-Confidential
UA-content-id: E88IVU31CC2
X400-MTS-identifier: [;13404192309991/84122@EPIC7]
A1-type: MAIL
Hop-count: 2
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Matt Patterson STP 727-896-8626 <PATTERSON_M@epic7.dep.state.fl.us>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 184
Coral-listers:
I am pleased to announce an addition to the Florida Marine Research Institute's
coral web page.  The new page features a taxonomic list of the stony corals
(with pictures) observed by the Coral Reef / Hardbottom Monitoring Project in
the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary.  This U.S.E.P.A. funded monitoring
project has been in existence since 1994, and has collected over 12,000 stony
coral species records and has analyzed over one half million points during
image analysis from framegrabbed Hi-8 video.  This page is a digital version of
our Coral Identification Guide used for training and Quality Control purposes.
Photographic credits go to the Principal Investigators - Dr. Phil Dustan from
University of Charleston, South Carolina, Dr. Jim Porter, University of
Georgia, and Walt Jaap, Florida Marine Research Institute.  The page can be
found at:
http://www.fmri.usf.edu/coral/tax.htm
For more information about the Project, check out Phil Dustan's page at:
http://www.cofc.edu/~coral/epawork.htm
Hope you enjoy it!
Matt Patterson
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Matt Patterson
Coral Reef Research Group
Florida Department of Environmental Protection
Florida Marine Research Institute
100 Eighth Avenue SE, St. Petersburg, Florida 33701
(727) 896-8626 	Fax (727) 893-1270
email:	patterson_m@epic7.dep.state.fl.us
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Mar 30 09:25:21 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA21176; Tue, 30 Mar 1999 09:25:18 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA21110; Tue, 30 Mar 1999 09:29:07 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma021087; Tue, 30 Mar 99 09:28:56 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA31542; Tue, 30 Mar 1999 13:13:18 GMT
Message-Id: <199903301313.NAA31542@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Sun, 28 Mar 1999 17:35:24 -0600
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Ryan Weichelt <weicherd@uwec.edu>
Subject: Coral Reef Disease
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Ryan Weichelt <weicherd@uwec.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 185
Hello,
    May name is Ryan Weichelt and I am an undergraduate doing research on
Coral Reef Disease.  I am attempting to compile a list of coral reef
diseases and then show the diffusion of these diseases on a map.  This map
will be of the diseases found off the waters of southern Florida,
specifically in Florida Bay.  I am having trouble finding information of
the diseases like Black Band, White Band, White Pox, etc.  I am have a
much more difficult time finding maps on were these diseases are found in
Florida Bay.  I have found only one map that showed were specific diseases
are found in regions around the Americas, but this is too general.  My
question for you is are there any maps out there that show exact locations
of the diseases in Florida Bay and could you send me any information on
these specific diseases?  I feel this map could be very helpful in
plotting the progression of these diseases and in the end attempting to
curb these specific diseases.  So any information that you could send to
me would be greatly appreciated, especially maps.  I understand you are
all very busy and again I thank you for your time and effort.  Any Answers
Would Be Great!!!!!!!!!
Thanks, Ryan Weichelt (715) 830-8449 706 Broadway
Eau Claire, WI 54703
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Mar 30 16:26:43 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA29834; Tue, 30 Mar 1999 16:26:41 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA22195; Tue, 30 Mar 1999 16:29:31 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma022181; Tue, 30 Mar 99 16:29:04 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA33028; Tue, 30 Mar 1999 19:43:53 GMT
Received: from mail.orst.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA35645; Tue, 30 Mar 1999 14:43:46 -0500 (EST)
Received: from gateway-5.nws.orst.edu (gateway-5.nws.orst.edu [128.193.4.46])
	by mail.orst.edu (8.8.7/8.8.7) with SMTP id KAA26244
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 30 Mar 1999 10:23:40 -0800 (PST)
Received: from ccMail by gateway-5.nws.orst.edu
  (IMA Internet Exchange 2.12 Enterprise) id 00FAA4D6; Tue, 30 Mar 1999 11:47:33 -0800
Mime-Version: 1.0
Date: Tue, 30 Mar 1999 11:43:11 -0800
Message-ID: <00FAA4D6.3116@ccmail.orst.edu>
From: sollinsp@ccmail.orst.edu (Phillip Sollins)
Subject: Spratly imagery?
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Description: cc:Mail note part
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: sollinsp@ccmail.orst.edu (Phillip Sollins)
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 186
  Dear Coral-listers:
  I have a Vietnamese Marine Resources masters student interested in
  doing a project on resource management issues in either the
  Spratlies or some of the VN coastal islands.  Has anyone looked for
  (found?) relatively cloudfree imagery for either of these areas. I
  went through MSS and TM GLIS files and found one image for coastal
  VN north of CamRonh Bay but nothing usable for the Spratlies.  I
  will also try SPOT and contacting some people directly at NASA, but
  if anyone knows of usable images or of anyone who has wroked with
  imagery for coral reefs from this region, I'd appreciate a note.
  Thanks. -- Phil Sollins (sollins@fsl.orst.edu)
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Mar 31 17:14:39 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA16048; Wed, 31 Mar 1999 17:14:35 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA17483; Wed, 31 Mar 1999 17:17:25 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma017376; Wed, 31 Mar 99 17:16:59 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA02745; Wed, 31 Mar 1999 18:29:56 GMT
Received: from orbit34i.nesdis.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA02749; Wed, 31 Mar 1999 13:29:46 -0500 (EST)
From: astrong@nesdis.noaa.gov
Received: from [140.90.197.121] ([140.90.197.121]) by orbit34i.nesdis.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/950213.SGI.AUTOCF) via SMTP id NAA00939 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 31 Mar 1999 13:29:37 -0500
Date: Wed, 31 Mar 1999 13:29:37 -0500
Message-Id: <199903311829.NAA00939@orbit34i.nesdis.noaa.gov>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Subject: Bleaching potential - LOW
To: Coral-List <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
X-Mailer: SPRY Mail Version: 04.10.06.22
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: astrong@nesdis.noaa.gov
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 187
HotSpot Notes -- March 31, 1999
NOAA satellite data show Bleaching HotSpots have receded
to cover dramatically less coral reef regions than at this time last
year.  Compare the following pairs of images:
http://psbsgi1.nesdis.noaa.gov:8080/PSB/EPS/SST/data/hotspote.3.30.1999.gif
http://psbsgi1.nesdis.noaa.gov:8080/PSB/EPS/SST/hotspot_archive/data/hotspo
te.3.30.1998.gif
and
http://psbsgi1.nesdis.noaa.gov:8080/PSB/EPS/SST/data/hotspotw.3.30.1999.gif
http://psbsgi1.nesdis.noaa.gov:8080/PSB/EPS/SST/hotspot_archive/data/hotspo
tw.3.30.1998.gif
>From our SST anomalies and their archives:
http://psbsgi1.nesdis.noaa.gov:8080/PSB/EPS/SST/climo.html
it would appear we are seeing some of the coolest Pacific Ocean SSTs
since the late 80s and early 90s. --- GOOD NEWS for our coral reefs
and their recovery from last year's unprecedented bleaching!!
AES
**** <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< *****
Alan E. Strong
  Phys Scientist/Oceanographer                    Adj Assoc Res Professor
  NOAA/NESDIS/ORA/ORAD -- E/RA3                    US Naval Academy
  NOAA Science Center -- RM 711W                    Oceanography Department
  5200 Auth Road                                        Annapolis, MD 21402
  Camp Springs, MD 20746-4304                            410-293-6550
        Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov
  301-763-8102 x170    FAX: 301-763-8108
          http://manati.wwb.noaa.gov/orad
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Mar 31 17:35:56 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA16668; Wed, 31 Mar 1999 17:35:51 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA19639; Wed, 31 Mar 1999 17:39:43 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma019542; Wed, 31 Mar 99 17:38:44 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA03653; Wed, 31 Mar 1999 21:09:57 GMT
Received: from imo28.mx.aol.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA03631; Wed, 31 Mar 1999 16:09:40 -0500 (EST)
From: Judah69@aol.com
Received: from Judah69@aol.com
	by imo28.mx.aol.com (IMOv19.3) id bXCEa16070
	 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 31 Mar 1999 16:09:09 -0500 (EST)
Message-ID: <ad56c3a8.37028ef5@aol.com>
Date: Wed, 31 Mar 1999 16:09:09 EST
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Mime-Version: 1.0
Subject: Mitch's Effects on Coral Reefs
Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-transfer-encoding: 7bit
X-Mailer: AOL 4.0.i for Mac sub 189
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Judah69@aol.com
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 188
Greetings all,
 I was wondering if anyone knows of  the conditions of the reefs around Rotan
Honduras (sp) since Hurricane Mitch?  Does anybody also know anything about
the condition of the Hol Chan Reserve in Belize?  I just came back from Glover
Atoll in Belize and there was quite a bit of reef damage and am wondering if
anyone knows of areas near Belize that may not be damaged as much. I am
planning a photography trip to the reefs and am wondering about where to go.
Thanks
Jake
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Mar 31 18:32:12 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id SAA17423; Wed, 31 Mar 1999 18:32:06 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA22659; Wed, 31 Mar 1999 18:35:18 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma022609; Wed, 31 Mar 99 18:34:34 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id WAA04055; Wed, 31 Mar 1999 22:01:42 GMT
Received: from MAILSENT.senate.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA04048; Wed, 31 Mar 1999 17:01:27 -0500 (EST)
Received: from mailexc2.senate.gov by MAILSENT.senate.gov; (8.8.2/SCO5) id QAA25815; Wed, 31 Mar 1999 16:51:55 -0500 (EST)
Received: from ccMail by mailexc2.senate.gov
  (IMA Internet Exchange 3.11) id 0008DBCB; Wed, 31 Mar 1999 16:54:03 -0500
Mime-Version: 1.0
Date: Wed, 31 Mar 1999 17:00:57 -0500
Message-ID: <0008DBCB.C22126@commerce.senate.gov>
From: Stephanie_Bailenson@commerce.senate.gov (Stephanie Bailenson)
Subject: Coral Reef Conservation Act
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Description: cc:Mail note part
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Stephanie_Bailenson@commerce.senate.gov (Stephanie Bailenson)
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 189
     Last Thursday the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 1999 was introduced
     in the U.S. Senate.  In response to concerns about the declining
     conditions of coral reefs raised by the U.S. Coral Reef Task Force and
     in the ICRI Renewed Call to Action, the bill focuses on community
     based conservation.  If you would like to see the bill you can
     download it at www.senate.gov.  The Senate homepage has a prompt for a
     bill search where you can input the bill number S. 725.  I welcome
     your comments.
     Thank you,
     Stephanie Bailenson
     Professional Staff Member
     U.S. Senate Subcommittee on
        Oceans and Fisheries
     428 Hart Senate Office Building
     Washington, DC 20510
     Ph:202-224-8172
     Fx:202-228-0326
     stephanie_bailenson@commerce.senate.gov
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Mar 31 19:32:34 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id TAA18149; Wed, 31 Mar 1999 19:32:32 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA24588; Wed, 31 Mar 1999 19:35:47 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma024574; Wed, 31 Mar 99 19:35:03 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id XAA04374; Wed, 31 Mar 1999 23:03:11 GMT
Received: from crs.loc.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id SAA04358; Wed, 31 Mar 1999 18:02:55 -0500 (EST)
Received: from CRSMAIL-Message_Server by crs.loc.gov
	with Novell_GroupWise; Wed, 31 Mar 1999 12:56:29 -0500
Message-Id: <s7021b7d.047@crs.loc.gov>
X-Mailer: Novell GroupWise 4.1
Date: Wed, 31 Mar 1999 12:56:04 -0500
From: Gene Buck <GBUCK@crs.loc.gov>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Summary of responses to query
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain
Content-Disposition: inline
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Gene Buck <GBUCK@crs.loc.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 190
Coral List:
       As reqeusted by several, below is a summary of responses to my query
of Mar. 26, 1999.
                                            Gene Buck, gbuck@crs.loc.gov
Original query:
   I'm looking for a citable statistic relating coral reef habitat and marine fish
production -- anything along the line of "X% of marine species/commercial
marine species/fish/commercial fish/etc. rely on coral reefs at some stage of
their life history" or any variant thereof.  Can anyone give me a citation to
something useful in this vein?  Thanks in advance for any suggestions.
Summary of Responses:
1)  Although the publications below are not exactly what you are looking for,
they demonstrate the importance of coral reef fisheries in American Samoa
(note that this excludes the 2 local tuna canneries here which land tuna
caught from distant waters far beyond our EEZ).  These fisheries are small but
locally important.
     More recently, however, a new longline fishery for offshore albacore has
been developed, so albacore now dominate the total local catch.
     1. Craig, P., B. Ponwith, F. Aitaoto & D. Hamm. 1993. "The commercial,
recreational and subsistence fisheries of American Samoa." Marine Fisheries
Review  55:109-116.  In 1991, 80% of the catch and value of all fish and
invertebrates caught in the territory was from the coral reefs surrounding the
islands. (That high rate is not typical of later years.)
     2. Craig, P., J. Choat, L. Axe & S. Saucerman. 1997. "Population biology
and harvest of the coral reef surgeonfish Acanthurus lineatus in American
Samoa."  Fishery Bulletin 95:680-693.  In 1994, 35% of the catch of all fish
and invertebrates caught in the territory was from the coral reefs surrounding
the islands.  One species, the surgeonfish described in this paper equalled
39% of the coral reef catch.
2)  The coral reef ecosystem includes two other habitats; sea grass and red
mangrove.  Reef Relief of Florida puts out educational materials which states
90% of the reef fish taken by commercial reef fisheries depend directly on the
mangrove for some portion of their life cycle. 70% of the fish taken by sport
fishermen directly depend on mangroves for some portion of their life cycle.
Fish that do not depend directly on these areas for habitat often depend on
them for food sources.  Reef Relief can be contacted at reef@bellsouth.net.
We looked at local DNR stats for commercial and sport fish and our % were
even higher than Reef Relief's.  Looking at the coral reef itself is more
complicated..many fin fish migrate...complex trophic connections and
relationships.
3)  Not exactly what you're looking for but there are some data on the mean
yields of species from coral reefs.
The average figure is 4 tonnes per sq.km per year is quoted on page 63 of .....
King, M.G. 1995.  Fisheries biology, assessment, and management.  Fishing
News/Blackwell Scientific Books. Oxford, England. 341 p.
Working backwards, the 4 tonnes divided by the total catch of fish per sq km
(if both were fully exploited) would give a rough idea of the percentage of the
catch which depends on coral reefs in a given tropical country.
4)  An interesting question since I'm unconvinced there's data showing that live
coral is necessary for much of any reef fish species (except a very few
obligate corallivores, like some butterflyfish).  Reef habitat, yes, but for a while
at least, dead coral may serve that purpose just as well as live coral,  at least
until erosive processes degrade the skeletal structures to the point where they
can no longer provide habitat.
5)   See Reef's at Risk Report page 8; which briefly discusses a sustainable
catch level and the economic value of lost productivity...not the same
questions you raise.
Some more general recent references:
Have you seen the ISRS statement on Disease?  (Mar. 26 to Coral-List)
Did you see the ISRS statement on bleaching?  or the ICRI final results?
Check out the State Department web site for the international background
papers that were developed last September for the US Coral Reef Task Force:
http://www.state.gov/www/global/global_issues/coral_reefs/index.html
Do you have the papers from the Hawaii Second Meeting of the U.S. Coral
Reef Task Force?
6)  Good question.  As I'm sure you are aware, the percentage of
fish/commercially important fish that are reef dwellers at some stage in their
life cycle varies among country, regional or global scale (i.e. the percentage in
US differs from, say, that of the Philippines since the local market as well as
diversity is much higher in Phil.).
Here is one direct quotes...though I'm sure others will provided something
more concrete.  Good Luck!
Nicholas Polunin and Callum Roberts states that "the hundreds, or sometimes
thousands, of species of fish present on a coral reef make these as rich or
richer than any other environment for fish on earth."  Nicholas Polunin and
Callum Roberts (1996). Reef Fisheries. London: Chapman & Hall.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Apr  1 00:39:53 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id AAA19771; Thu, 1 Apr 1999 00:39:51 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id AAA00056; Thu, 1 Apr 1999 00:42:42 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma000046; Thu, 1 Apr 99 00:42:33 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id EAA05474; Thu, 1 Apr 1999 04:10:35 GMT
Received: from imo22.mx.aol.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id XAA05815; Wed, 31 Mar 1999 23:10:22 -0500 (EST)
From: EricHugo@aol.com
Received: from EricHugo@aol.com
	by imo22.mx.aol.com (IMOv19.3) id bYVUa18508
	 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 31 Mar 1999 23:09:12 +1900 (EST)
Message-ID: <a6bfea7.3702f168@aol.com>
Date: Wed, 31 Mar 1999 23:09:12 EST
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Mime-Version: 1.0
Subject: FAO guide problems
Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-transfer-encoding: 7bit
X-Mailer: AOL for Macintosh sub 54
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: EricHugo@aol.com
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 191
Dear list:
After the posting regarding the FAO publication, "Living Marine Resources of
the Western Central Pacific"   :  Vol 1 - Seaweeds, Coral, Gastropods,
Bivalves", I have attempted to purchase this volume.  I received word back
from an electronic order that the order is only sold as a two volume set,
despite being posted as single volumes with separate ISBN numbers, job orders,
etc.  Contacting the sales agents in the US led to a worse outcome, with the
UN bookstore not even showing the volumes in their system, and the Maryland
distributor quoting $240 for a single volume, unable to find the second
volume.  The Library of Congress does not have a record of the ISBN number at
all. I am curious if this volume actually exists, if it has been purchased
singly by anyone on the list, and from where.  Thanks so much.
Eric Borneman
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Apr  2 14:51:19 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA18009; Fri, 2 Apr 1999 14:51:16 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA23732; Fri, 2 Apr 1999 14:55:13 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma023678; Fri, 2 Apr 99 14:54:39 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA07959; Fri, 2 Apr 1999 18:37:43 GMT
Received: from genserver1.cssciencectr.org by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA17296; Fri, 2 Apr 1999 13:37:24 -0500 (EST)
Received: by GENSERVER1 with Internet Mail Service (5.5.1960.3)
	id <2FAJHMK9>; Fri, 2 Apr 1999 10:39:19 -0800
Message-ID: <430B1492F8BDD111B03E080009EC8A4A3DDBB7@GENSERVER1>
From: Jonathan Lowrie <jlowrie@cscmail.org>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Coral Reef Animal Survey- Not Attached
Date: Fri, 2 Apr 1999 10:39:18 -0800
MIME-Version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.1960.3)
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jonathan Lowrie <jlowrie@cscmail.org>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 192
By request, I have resent this survey as an email document. With all the
fear of the Melissa Virus and all the complications of multi-platform
systems, its probably best this way.
Please take a few moments to complete this if you keep coral reef
related animals in a captive situation for research, propagation or
pleasure.
I apologize if you have already received this survey.
Thank you,
Jonathan Lowrie
Cnidarian Research Institute
Department of Educational Services
Dear Marine/Reef Aquarium Owner:
Please take a few minutes to complete this Reef Aquarium Survey.  This
survey will be used to compile information for an upcoming international
scientific conference on coral reef monitoring and restoration. The
results of the data gathered here are not being used to directly affect
or legislate (positively or negatively) the marine aquarium hobby or
trade.  It is being used to assess the impact of the marine aquarium
trade on natural reef populations. The results of the individual
respondents will remain strictly confidential.  We will not sell, trade,
or distribute any email addresses, names or personal identifying
information. You may choose to leave out any identifying information
when you complete the survey. The results of the information gathered
here will also be available to any interested parties following the
conference. Please make any efforts in distributing this survey to
others including internet/email distribution, marine aquarium societies,
retail facilities, fellow aquarists, etc.)
Directions:
Please answer as carefully and honestly as possible.  If you are unsure
of the answer to a question, please type the letters, "n/a." Please copy
and paste this into email and send back to CRISurvey@aol.com or to
request a copy via email, send your request to Chrysaora@aol.com
. If you would like to print this, or have received this survey on
paper, please complete it and mail to: CRI, Education Services, 8405
Bardwell Ave. Panorama City,. CA 91402
Marine/Reef Aquarium Owners Survey
Reply to CRISurvey@aol.com
Copy and paste this form into email.
All responses will be kept confidential.
Name (optional)		Email address (optional)
Country of residence		State/territory of residence
Section 1: General Information
1.  How long have you been keeping marine aquaria?
____less than 1 year     ____1 - 2 years    ____ 2 - 3 years    ____4 -
5 years     ____ 5+ years
2.  How many marine aquariums do you currently have setup with animals?
____ 1     ____ 2 - 3     ____ 4 - 5     ____ 6 - 9     ____ 10 +
3.	What is the average size of your aquarium(s)?
 ____________________
4.   Which "method" best describes your basic aquarium keeping style?
_____mechanical (wet/dry, undergravel, canister, chemical filtration,
mechanical 	filtration, sterilization, ozone, etc.)
_____Berlin (protein skimming as primary filtration)
_____ Jaubert (unskimmed)
_____ ATS (algae scrubbing)
_____other/combination
5.  Have your "methods" changed since you began keeping marine aquaria
_____YES     _____NO
6.  Would you say your "methods" have improved, resulting in a higher
survival rate of organisms in your care?
_____YES     _____NO
7. What is your primary source of information regarding aquarium
husbandry?
_____Books
_____Magazines
_____Pet Stores
_____Internet
_____Fellow Aquarists
_____Other_____________________________________________
8. How many aquarium related books do you own?
____ 0 to 1	____ 2 to 3	____ 4 to 6	____ 7 to 9	____ 10+
9. Are you a member of an aquarium club?
____ YES  ____  NO
10.  Have you attended a regional or national conference? (WMC, MACNA)
_____YES     _____ NO
11. Do you belong to any ocean/reef conservation groups?
_____YES     _____NO
12.  Have you skin/SCUBA dived on coral reefs?
_____YES     _____NO
13.  Do you belong to or participate in any of the following internet
aquarium resources?
 ____ FISHNET-Compuseve 		____ Fish and Marinelife-
America Online
 ____ Reef-list 	____ #Reefs/Reefs.org	 ____ Aqualink,
____ Reefkeepers
_____Others______________________________________________________
14. In terms of your aquarium husbandry abilities, do you consider
yourself:
____Novice      ____ Intermediate     ____ Advanced
15.  What is the highest level of education you have completed?
____ high school       ____ college       ____ graduate
16.  What is your sex?
____ Male	____ Female
17.  What is your age?
____10 - 15 ____16 - 21 ____22 - 30 ____31-40 ____41-50
____51-60_____60+
18.  What is your household income level?
______ less than 10,000  _____ 10,000 - 25,000    _____ 25,000 - 50,000
______  50,000 - 75,000  _____75,000 - 100,000  _____more than 100,000
19.  On average, how much do you spend each month on your marine
aquariums (food, electricity, salt, water, new livestock, etc.)
_______________________________
Section 2: Livestock
1.  How many different species of living organisms do you keep (not
including those  unintentionally found or part of a reef  microcosm,
such as small worms, amphipods, etc.)?
____ 1 -10     ____11 - 20     ____ 21 -30     ____ 31 - 40     ____ 41
- 50
____ 50+
2.  How many different species of fish do you currently keep?
____ 0 - 1	____ 2 - 3	____ 4 - 6	____ 7 - 9	____ 10+
How many different species of fish have you kept in total, including
those which, for one reason or another, are no longer in your care
(mortality, returned, etc.)
_____0 -1     _____2 - 5     _____5 - 10    _____10 - 20    _____20 +
3.  On average, how long do your fish live?
____ weeks to 1 month ____ less than 6 months ____ 6 months - 1 year
____ 1 - 2 years
 ____ 2 - 3 years ____ 3 - 4 years ____ 4 - 5 years ____ 5+ years
4.	How old is your oldest fish?
____ less than 6 months ____ 6 months - 1 year ____ 1 - 2 years ____ 2 -
3 years
____ 3 - 4 years ____ 4 - 5 years ____ 5+ years
	What kind?  __________________________________
5.  Of the following general groups of fish, how many of each have you
kept (living or dead) since you began in the aquarium hobby:
Pufferfish and Boxfish		Lionfish and Scorpionfish
Wrasse
Angelfish- Large/Dwarf		Butterflyfish		Triggerfish and
Filefish
Blennies		Damselfish And Chromis		Tangs
Seahorses and Pipefish		Eels		Sharks  and Rays
Hawkfish		Snappers and Groupers		Dragonets
Gobies		Dottybacks  and Grammas		Anthias
Cardinalfish		Clownfish		Others
6.  How many different species of invertebrates (excluding corals) do
you currently keep?
____ 0 - 1	____ 2 - 3	____ 4 - 6	____ 7 - 9	____ 10+
7.  How many different species of invertebrates have you kept in total,
including those which, for one reason or another, are no longer in your
care (mortality, returned, etc.)
_____0 -1     _____2 - 5     _____5 - 10    _____10 - 20    _____20 +
8.  On average, how long do your invertebrates live?
____ weeks to 1 month ____ less than 6 months ____ 6 months - 1 year
____ 1 - 2 years
____ 2 - 3 years ____ 3 - 4 years ____ 4 - 5 years ____ 5+ years
9.	How old is your oldest invertebrate?
____ less than 6 months ____ 6 months - 1 year ____ 1 - 2 years ____ 2 -
3 years
____ 3 - 4 years ____ 4 - 5 years ____ 5+ years
	What kind?__________________________________
10. Of the following general groups of invertebrates, how many of each
have you kept (living or dead) since you began in the aquarium hobby:
Anemones		Tridacna (giant) clams		Other bivalves
(scallops, clams, oysters, mussels, etc.)
Gastropods (Algae snails, cowries, etc.)		Echinoderms (sea
stars, brittle stars, urchins, etc.)		Polychaetes (feather
duster worms, etc.)
Shrimps		Sponges		Cephalopods (cuttlefish, squid, octopii)
Crabs		Lobsters		Holothuroids (Sea cucumbers, sea
apples, etc.)
11.  How many different species of corals do you currently keep?
____ 0 to 1	____ 2 - 3	____ 4 - 6	____ 7 - 9	____ 10+
12.  How many different species of corals have you kept in total,
including those which, for one reason or another, are no longer in your
care (mortality, returned, etc.)
_____0 -1     _____2 - 5     _____5 - 10    _____10 - 20    _____20 +
13. On average, how long do your corals live?
____ weeks to 1 month ____ less than 6 months ____ 6 months - 1 year
____ 1 - 2 years
____ 2 - 3 years ____ 3 - 4 years ____ 4 - 5 years ____ 5+ years
14.  How old is your oldest coral?
____ less than 6 months ____ 6 months - 1 year ____ 1 - 2 years ____ 2 -
3 years
 ____ 3 - 4 years ____ 4 - 5 years ____ 5+ years
	What kind?__________________________________
15. Of the following general groups of corals, have many of each have
you kept since you began in the hobby:
Asymbiotic stony corals   (Tubastraea) (Sun), etc.)		Faviids
and Mussids  (Moon,Pineapple Closed Brain, etc.)
Pocilloporids  (Pocillopora) (Cauliflower), (Seriatopora) (Bird's nest)
(Stylophora etc.)
Caryophyllids  (Elegance, Hammer, Frogspawn, Bubble, Fox, etc.)
Poritids   (Porites, Goniopora (Flowerpot), etc.)
Trachyphyllia   (Open brain)
Dendrophyllids   (Turbinaria) Cup, Pagoda,)		Fungiids
(Fungia) plate, mushroom, etc.)		Agariciids   (Pavona)  (cactus,
etc.)
Acroporids   (Acropora, Montipora, etc.)		Oculiniids
(Galaxea, etc.)		 Others  (Merulina, Pectinia, etc.)
Asymbiotic Octocorals   (Dendronepthya) (Carnation), Gorgonians
(Pacifics, Red Trees, etc.)		Symbiotic Neptheids   (Tree
Corals, Finger Soft corals, etc. (Nepthea, Litophyton, Capnella, etc.)
Stoloniferans   (Star polyps, etc.)  (Clavularia, Pachyclavularia )
Corallimorphs   (mushrooms)		Alcyonaceans   (Leather corals)
(Sinularia, Sarcophyton, Lobophytum, etc)		Symbiotic
gorgonians   (Sea whips, sea fans, sea plumes etc.)
 Xeniids   (Xenia, Anthelia, etc.) (pulse, waving hand corals, etc.)
Zoanthids  (Zoanthus, Palythoa, etc.) (button polyps, sea mats, yellow
polyps, etc. )		Others
16. What percentage of your livestock purchases are done through RETAIL
stores?
__________
17. What percentage of your livestock purchases are done through MAIL
ORDER stores? _________
18. What percentage of your livestock purchases are done through CAPTIVE
SOURCES? _________
19. What percentage of your livestock purchases are done through OTHER
means?
_________  What? ______________________
20. Do you have any aqua-cultured or captive raised fish?
____ YES   ____ NO
21. Have you ever provided others with captive raised fish  from your
own livestock?     _____YES     _____NO
	How many times?  _____1 - 2     _____2 - 3     _____3 - 5
_____5 - 10     	_____10 +
20. Do you have any aqua-cultured or captive raised invertebrates?
____ YES   ____ NO
21. Have you ever  provided others with captive raised invertebrates
from your own livestock?
 _____YES     _____NO
	How many times? _____1 - 2     _____2 - 3     _____3 - 5
_____5 - 10     	_____10 +
20. Do you have any aqua-cultured or captive raised corals?
____ YES   ____ NO
21. Have you ever  provided others with captive raised corals from your
own livestock?     _____YES     _____NO
	How many times? _____1 - 2     _____2 - 3     _____3 - 5
_____5 - 10     	_____10 +
22. Would you choose captive bred fish/invertebrates/corals over wild
caught fish if the price was the same? ____ YES   ____ NO
23. Would you choose captive bred fish/invertebrates/corals over wild
caught fish if the price was higher? ____  YES   ____ NO
Section 3: Substrate
1.	Do you use 'live rock' in any of your aquariums?
_____ YES    _____ NO
2.  How many pounds of live rock have you purchased since you started in
the hobby? ________
4.	Is any of your live rock aquacultured?
_____YES     _____NO
5.	If so, how much?
_________
6.	Do you use 'live sand' in any of your aquariums?
_____ YES    _____ NO
7.  How many pounds of live sand have you purchased since you started in
the hobby? ________
8.  Do you use "dead sand" in your aquariums (Carib Sea, oolite, etc.)?
_____YES     _____NO
9.  How many pounds of "dead sand" have you purchased wince you started
in the hobby?     ___________
10.  Do you own/have you ever purchased dead/decorative coral skeletons
for use in your marine aquaria?
_____YES     _____NO
11.  If so, how many pieces have you purchased?
 __________
Section 4: Impressions
1.  Regarding the quality/health/survivability of organisms which you
purchase today compared to when you began keeping marine aquaria, do you
feel they are:
___much better     ____better     ____the same     _____worse
____much worse
2.  Regarding the diversity of organisms which you purchase today
compared to when you began keeping marine aquaria, do you feel there
are:
___much more     ____more     ____the same     _____fewer    ____much
fewer
3.  Regarding the total number of organisms which you purchase today
compared to when you began keeping marine aquaria, do you feel they are:
 ___much more     ____more     ____the same     _____fewer    ____much
fewer
4.  On average, have the prices you pay for livestock since you began
keeping marine aquaria:
_____increased substantially	____increased somewhat
_____stayed about the same	 _____decreased somewhat
_____decreased substantially
5.  Overall, would you say that the survival of organisms in your care
has:
____ increased substantially	____increased somewhat	_____stayed
about the same ____decreased somewhat	_____decreased substantially
6.  Would you pay more for animals if a part of the proceeds went to
reef conservation?
____  YES  ____ NO
7.  What is the most money you have spent for any 1 living organisms in
your aquarium?
_____________________
8.  What is the major reason why you keep marine/reef aquaria?
_____relaxing
_____challenging
_____decorative/beautiful
_____learning/research
_____financial
_____other_________________________________________
9.  In general, how much do you personally know about an organism before
you purchase it for use in your marine/reef aquarium?
_____thoroughly investigate/very familiar
_____investigate some/somewhat familiar
_____trust the source/store/others and do not investigate further
_____purchase upon sight, discovery or impulse/unfamiliar
_____don't care
10.  How much impact do you think the marine/reef aquarium hobby has on
natural reefs?
_____highly significant
_____somewhat significant
_____somewhat insignificant
_____highly insignificant
_____not sure
11.  How much effort do you think the marine/reef aquarium hobby/trade
expends on sustainable harvest/proper collection of organisms, including
their care in ensuring organism survival?
______great effort
______some effort
______little effort
______very little effort
12.  Where do you feel that the most loss of life of marine organisms
for the marine/reef aquarium trade happens?
_____collection level
_____ wholesale level
_____retail level
_____consumer/hobbyist level
_____shipping/transport
13.  What do you feel is the primary reason for organism mortality in
other's care?
_____ financial
_____educational
_____methodological/equipment
_____attitude/effort to keep alive
_____other_________________________________________________________
14.  What do you feel is the primary reason for organism mortality in
your care?
_____ financial
_____educational
_____methodological/equipment
_____attitude/effort to keep alive
_____other_________________________________________________________
Thank you very much for your time in completing this form.  If you have
any questions or comments, please feel free to address them to the
addresses above.
Jonathan Lowrie
Aquarist Supervisor
California Science Center
Tel: 213 744-2612
Fax: 213 744-2547
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Apr  5 15:29:03 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA14296; Mon, 5 Apr 1999 15:29:01 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA18316; Mon, 5 Apr 1999 15:31:55 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma018296; Mon, 5 Apr 99 15:31:33 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA19469; Mon, 5 Apr 1999 18:23:54 GMT
Message-Id: <199904051823.SAA19469@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Mon, 5 Apr 1999 10:49:42 -0600 (MDT)
From: Joanie Kleypas <kleypas@cgd.ucar.edu>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: "Geochemical consequences..."
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Joanie Kleypas <kleypas@cgd.ucar.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 193
A coral reef paper came out in Science on April 2:  Kleypas, Buddemeier,
Archer, Gattuso, Landgon, and Opdyke "Geochemical consequences of
increased atmospheric CO2 on coral reefs".  There has been media interest
in the story, which includes two recent stories by Reuters that can be
found at "http://dailynews.yahoo.com/headlines/sc/index.html"
(1) Carbon Dioxide Could Be Killing Coral, Study Says
(2) Australia Great Barrier Reef Faces Death Knell
We stress that much work still needs to be done on this topic, but feel it
is important to stir the interest of reef researchers along these lines.
sincerely, jk
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
J. Kleypas
Climate & Global Dynamics
National Center for Atmospheric Research
PO Box 3000
Boulder, CO  80307-3000
PH:   (303) 497-1316
FAX:  (303) 497-1700
kleypas@ncar.ucar.edu
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Apr  5 15:30:06 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA14329; Mon, 5 Apr 1999 15:30:04 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA18381; Mon, 5 Apr 1999 15:32:57 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma018320; Mon, 5 Apr 99 15:32:05 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA19509; Mon, 5 Apr 1999 18:20:36 GMT
Message-Id: <199904051820.SAA19509@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: 3 Apr 1999 07:50:57 -0500
From: "Paterson, Arthur" <apaterson@ocean.nos.noaa.gov>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: FW: coral reef news
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Paterson, Arthur" <apaterson@ocean.nos.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 194
Institution: National Center For Atmospheric Research (NCAR)
Contact: Anatta , Media Relations
E-mail: anatta@ucar.edu, Phone: 303-497-8604
Posted 04/1/99 Increasing Carbon Dioxide Threatens Tropical Coral Reefs
BOULDER--Tropical coral reefs could be directly threatened by the buildup
of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) entering the oceans, and some reefs
may already be declining, say six scientists in a paper published in the
April 2 issue of the journal Science. Writes lead author Joan Kleypas of
the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), "We believe that
these findings represent some of the first evidence of a direct negative
impact of increased CO2 on a marine ecosystem."  NCAR's primary sponsor is
the National Science Foundation.
The team's findings apply primarily to coral reefs located in surface
waters between 35 degrees north and 35 degrees south of the equator.
However, the authors predict that reefs in greatest danger are those where
the production and destruction of calcium carbonate are closely balanced.
These include some higher-latitude reefs, such as those off Bermuda; those
in areas where colder, deeper waters rise to the surface, such as those
off the Galapagos Islands; and many reefs already stressed by human
activity.
A coral reef is the accumulation of calcium carbonate produced by the
corals and other calcium-secreting organisms, such as coralline algae. If
calcium production declines, coral and algal skeletons will weaken and
reef building may slow or stop. The reef then becomes more vulnerable to
erosion. Ongoing calcium production depends on the saturation state of
calcium carbonate in surrounding surface waters. This saturation state
declines as CO2 enters tropical surface waters.
Carbon dioxide is an important greenhouse gas produced by fossil-fuel use.
For their study, the authors used future scenarios in which the
preindustrial level of CO2 doubles by the year 2065--considered a moderate
projection by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, an
international group of 2,500 scientists. As the gas builds up in the
atmosphere, the tropical sea surface takes it up at a proportional rate.
Scientists have so far focused on CO2 storage in the ocean. This is one of
the first studies to examine how CO2 increases may affect the chemistry
and biology of ocean ecosystems.
As CO2 dissolves, it produces an acid that lowers the seawater pH. The
interaction of carbon dioxide with calcium carbonate in seawater decreases
the level of calcium carbonate saturation.  Given the rapid rise in CO2
levels expected over the coming decades, the authors project that by the
year 2065, the interaction of CO2 with seawater will have reduced calcium
carbonate saturation in tropical surface waters by 30% relative to
preindustrial levels.
The findings are based on ocean carbon data and computer models, and on
laboratory experiments which show that coral and algal calcification
declines as the saturation state declines. The coral reefs themselves have
not been studied in situ. "Our work is somewhat speculative," says
Kleypas. "We need more studies at the ecosystem level. If the laboratory
results bear out in the oceans, I think many species of coral reefs could
be vulnerable."
The buildup of CO2 may also warm ocean surface temperatures. Although
warmer sea-surface temperatures are being blamed for the recent increase
in coral bleachings worldwide, some feel that this warming could be a boon
for reefs in chilly waters. However, says Kleypas, if the calcium
carbonate saturation rate is as important as water temperature in reef
building, warmer waters won't save higher-latitude reefs.
NCAR is managed by the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research, a
consortium of more than 60 universities offering Ph.D.s in the atmospheric
and related sciences.
                      -The End-
UCAR and NCAR news: http://www.ucar.edu/publications/newsreleases/1999
Via e-mail: send name, affiliation, postal address, fax, and phone number
to butterwo@ucar.edu
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Apr  1 12:47:55 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA28125; Thu, 1 Apr 1999 12:47:53 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA05542; Thu, 1 Apr 1999 12:51:47 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma005502; Thu, 1 Apr 99 12:51:10 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA03309; Thu, 1 Apr 1999 16:40:59 GMT
Received: from linus.ngs.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA09657; Thu, 1 Apr 1999 11:40:49 -0500 (EST)
Received: from ocean.nos.noaa.gov (ocean.nos.noaa.gov [140.90.168.102])
	by linus.ngs.noaa.gov (8.8.6 (PHNE_17135)/8.8.6) with SMTP id LAA06235
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 1 Apr 1999 11:35:11 -0500 (EST)
Message-ID: <n1289155626.3207@ocean.nos.noaa.gov>
Date: 1 Apr 1999 11:40:10 -0500
From: "Dyoulgerov, Milen" <mdyoulgerov@ocean.nos.noaa.gov>
Subject:
To: "coral-list" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
X-Mailer: Mail*Link SMTP for Quarterdeck Mail; Version 4.1.0
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="ISO-8859-1"; Name="Message Body"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Dyoulgerov, Milen" <mdyoulgerov@ocean.nos.noaa.gov>
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id MAA28125
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 195
Dear Coral List Members,
In February, I asked for help with information on vessel groundings and coral reef anchor damage.  The response has been truly overwhelming and I wish to thank everyone who responded with information and support for our efforts to come up with a request to the IHO for the introduction of uniform mapping of coral reefs and marine protected areas on nautical charts. With your support, National Ocean Service has prepared the respective draft document and has distributed it to other IHO member countries.  While it might take some time, we are confident that coral reefs and marine protected areas will eventually find their place on all nautical maps.  I also hope that by the end of April I will be able to distribute the information that we have compiled to those, who have asked me for copies.
Again, thank you very much for your help and support,
Milen Dyoulgerov
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Apr  6 21:54:05 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id VAA10142; Tue, 6 Apr 1999 21:54:03 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA19848; Tue, 6 Apr 1999 21:58:05 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma019835; Tue, 6 Apr 99 21:57:44 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id BAA28260; Wed, 7 Apr 1999 01:03:44 GMT
Received: from web709.mail.yahoo.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id VAA27994; Tue, 6 Apr 1999 21:03:28 -0400 (EDT)
Message-ID: <19990407010509.5845.rocketmail@web709.mail.yahoo.com>
Received: from [202.188.148.207] by web709.mail.yahoo.com; Tue, 06 Apr 1999 18:05:09 PDT
Date: Tue, 6 Apr 1999 18:05:09 -0700 (PDT)
From: Shafina Shafie <shafitml@yahoo.com>
Subject: coral transplant
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Shafina Shafie <shafitml@yahoo.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 196
Dear member of the coral-list,
Hai, my name is Shafina and I am a student of local university and am
studying in Marine Science. Right now I am doing industrial training in
marine park.
I was asked to find out about 'coral transplant' as I not able to go to
library because this is a remote area, my only source will be the
internet and this discussion group. So if any of the members fimilliar
with this tecnique, do reply.
Thank you
Shafina Shafie
_________________________________________________________
Do You Yahoo!?
Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Apr  7 01:12:02 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id BAA11317; Wed, 7 Apr 1999 01:12:00 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id BAA23632; Wed, 7 Apr 1999 01:14:55 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma023622; Wed, 7 Apr 99 01:14:32 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id EAA29128; Wed, 7 Apr 1999 04:00:13 GMT
Received: from relay1.bu.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id XAA29200; Tue, 6 Apr 1999 23:59:59 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from PPP-92-13.BU.EDU (PPP-92-13.BU.EDU [128.197.9.65]) by relay1.bu.edu ((8.8.8.buoit.v1.0.ACS)/) with SMTP id AAA15931 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 6 Apr 1999 23:59:48 -0400
Message-Id: <3.0.1.16.19990406233055.57f752cc@acs-mail.bu.edu>
X-Sender: warrior@acs-mail.bu.edu
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.1 (16)
Date: Tue, 06 Apr 1999 23:30:55
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: "Jamie D. Bechtel" <warrior@bu.edu>
Subject: listing coral
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Jamie D. Bechtel" <warrior@bu.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 197
Hello all - I received this email and it seemed appropriate to forward it
given the recent debate over the listing of Acropora palmata and A.
cervicornis. A petition to list the two species is well on its way and the
outcome seems promising. However, scientific evidence will strenghten the
petition. Please respond directly to Brent Plater at
platerb@ksg.harvard.edu. Note that comments are being accepted until April
15. Brent has included an explanation of what type of information is
necessary and a copy of the petitition.
Cheers,
jamie
>
>
>
>My name is Brent Plater, and I am a law and public policy graduate student
>studying at UC Berkeley and Harvard.  As you know, the populations of
>Acropora palmata (elkhorn coral) and Acropora cervicornis (staghorn coral)
>are in critical condition.  From my initial research, it appears that if
>these species are not legally protected soon, they may face extinction.  I
>am therefore submitting a petition to NMFS to list these species as
>endangered under the Endangered Species Act.
>
>In order to make sure that this petition is based on the best scientific
>and commercial data available (which is the basis for determination under
>the Endangered Species Act) I am writing this list to find out if anyone is
>interested in supporting this petition.  Support is needed in two ways:
>first, I need scientists who are familiar with these species to write
>letters in support of the petition.  These letters will be submitted with
>the petition.  Second, if anyone has any documentation (including
>references to articles in the scientific literature) documenting the life
>history, population decline, current population size and range, etc. please
>e-mail me the title, author, and where it was published so that I may
>retrieve the information.
>
>This petition has a very good chance at being successful because NMFS is
>already considering legal protection for these species. On Jan 15, 1999
>NMFS published in the Federal Register a notice that it was considering
>these species (among others) for the Endangered Species Act candidate
>species list.  FYI, the Jan. 15 publication is attached below.
>
>Finally, if you know of any additional species of coral or other marine
>species that are in need of protection, please let me know so we can
>discuss whether listing under the ESA would be appropriate for those
>species as well.
>
>Thank you for your help and if you have any further questions feel free to
>contact me at 617-491-8946.
>
>Very truly yours,
>
>Brent Plater
>1039 Massachusetts Ave. # 202
>Cambridge, MA 02138
>617-491-8946
>platerb@ksg.harvard.edu
>
>
>[Federal Register: January 15, 1999 (Volume 64, Number 10)]
>[Notices]
>[Page 2629-2630]
>>From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]
>[DOCID:fr15ja99-50]
>
>-----------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
>
>National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
>[I.D. 011199C]
>
>
>Endangered and Threatened Species; Request for Information on
>Candidate Species List Under the Endangered Species Act
>
>AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and
>Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Commerce.
>
>ACTION: Request for information for revision of candidate species list.
>
>-----------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>SUMMARY: NMFS solicits information on marine and anadromous species
>that may qualify as candidates for possible addition to the List of
>Endangered and Threatened Species, including information on the status
>of species currently classified as candidate species. This notice is
>not a proposal for listing; candidate species do not receive
>substantive or procedural protection under the Endangered Species Act
>of 1973 (ESA). The goal of the candidate species program is to identify
>marine and anadromous species as candidates for possible addition to
>the List of Endangered and Threatened Species and encourage voluntary
>efforts to help prevent listings.
>
>DATES: Comments will be accepted until April 15, 1999.
>
>ADDRESSES: Comments and documentation for these and any recommended
>additions or deletions to the candidate species list should be sent to
>Chief, Endangered Species Division, Office of Protected Resources,
>NMFS, 1315 East-West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910.
>
>FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Marta Nammack or Terri Jordan at
>(301)713-1401.
>
>SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The ESA requires determinations of whether
>species of wildlife and plants are endangered or threatened, based on
>the best available scientific and commercial data. ``Species'' includes
>any species or subspecies of fish, wildlife, or plant, and any distinct
>population segment of any vertebrate species that interbreeds when
>mature (vertebrate population). NMFS and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
>Service share responsibilities under the ESA. With some exceptions,
>NMFS is responsible for species that reside all or the major portion of
>their lifetime in marine or estuarine waters. The regulations
>implementing Section 4 of the ESA (49 FR 38900, October 1, 1984) define
>``candidate'' as ``any species being considered by the Secretary for
>listing as an endangered or a threatened species, but not yet the
>subject of a proposed rule.''
>    The four main purposes of the candidate species list are to (1)
>Increase public awareness about these species; (2) identify those
>species that may be in need of protective measures under the ESA, and
>if possible, recover them before listing under the ESA becomes
>necessary; (3) stimulate voluntary conservation efforts by Federal
>agencies and other appropriate parties with regard to these species;
>and (4) identify uncertainties associated with the status of the
>species. As resources permit, NMFS conducts a review of the status of
>each candidate species to determine if it warrants listing as
>endangered or threatened under the ESA. Sometimes, even though NMFS may
>determine after conducting a status review that a species does not
>warrant listing under the ESA, NMFS may retain the species on the
>candidate species list due to remaining concerns or uncertainties. NMFS
>believes it is important to highlight species for which listing may be
>warranted so that Federal and state agencies, Native American tribes,
>and the private sector are aware of which species could benefit from
>proactive conservation efforts. Agencies and other appropriate parties
>can take candidate species into account in project planning, which may
>lower the likelihood of an ESA listing.
>    NMFS has developed specific criteria for determining which species/
>vertebrate populations should be included on the NMFS candidate species
>list. These criteria are based on the requirement for reliable
>information on the biological status of a species or vertebrate
>population.
>    Biological status is determined by both demography and genetic
>composition of the species/vertebrate population. If there is evidence
>of demographic or genetic concerns that would indicate that listing may
>be warranted, the species/vertebrate population should be added to the
>candidate species list. Demographic concerns would occur when there is
>a significant decline in abundance or range from historical levels that
>would indicate that listing may be warranted. This could result from
>activities such as over-harvest, habitat degradation, disease
>outbreaks, predation, natural climatic conditions, and hatchery
>operations that negatively impact natural stocks. Genetic concerns that
>would indicate that listing may be warranted include outbreeding and
>inbreeding depression resulting from poor hatchery practices or
>substantially reduced numbers of natural individuals.
>    If you wish to propose that a species/vertebrate population be
>designated as a candidate species, please submit available information,
>including: (1) Taxonomic validity of the species, subspecies or
>vertebrate population; (2) life history; (3) historic and current
>population size and distribution; (4) assessment of confirmed and
>likely threats and declines; (5) existing laws, regulations, agreements
>and other protective mechanisms; and (6) documentation of information
>used to justify their proposal.
>    The previous list was published on July 14, 1997, (62 FR 37560).
>NMFS intends to consider the results of ongoing status reviews and all
>data received in response to this notice to make appropriate amendments
>to the list. Some of the species NMFS is considering adding to the
>candidate species list are the largetooth sawfish (Pristis pristis),
>smalltooth sawfish (Pristis pectinata), barndoor skate (Raja laevis),
>elkhorn coral (Acropora palmata), staghorn coral (Acropora
>cervicornis), and four gastropods that are possibly extinct:
>``Collisella'' edmitchelli, Lottia alveus alveus, Cerithidea fuscata,
>and Phyllaplysia smaragda.
>    It is important to note that the candidate species list is limited
>by the information available. Therefore, it does
>
>[[Page 2630]]
>
>not encompass all declining marine and anadromous species that may
>warrant listing in the future. Moreover, inclusion of a species on the
>candidate species list does not create a higher listing priority for
>that species. As appropriate, NMFS may initiate a status review for any
>species or vertebrate population of concern, regardless of whether it
>is a candidate species, and the public may petition to list any species
>or vertebrate population.
>
>    Dated: January 12, 1999.
>Ann D. Terbush,
>Acting Director, Office of Protected Resources, National Marine
>Fisheries Service.
>[FR Doc. 99-1011 Filed 1-14-99; 8:45 am]
>BILLING CODE 3510-22-F
>
>
>
>
Jamie D. Bechtel
Boston University
Department of Biology
Five Cummington Street
Boston, MA 02215
(617)353-6969
Boston College Law School
255 Centre Street
Newton, MA 02159
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Mar 28 09:16:45 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA23141; Sun, 28 Mar 1999 09:16:42 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA04656; Sun, 28 Mar 1999 09:19:31 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma004642; Sun, 28 Mar 99 09:19:18 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA20471; Sun, 28 Mar 1999 13:29:21 GMT
Message-Id: <199903281329.NAA20471@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: "Stephanie Voris" <svoris@nsu.acast.nova.edu>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: National Coral Reef Institute Conference
Date: Fri, 26 Mar 1999 15:42:30 -0500
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Stephanie Voris" <svoris@nsu.acast.nova.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status: F
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 198
UPDATE
PLEASE POST ON THE CORAL LIST.  THANK YOU.
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS OF CORAL REEF ASSESSMENT,
MONITORING, AND RESTORATION, April 14-16, 1999, Ft. Lauderdale, FL.
Plenary talks, Oral presenations in Special and Contributed Sessions,
Poster Presenations
Final schedule and program are now posted on the web.  Registrations for the
Conference are currently being accepted. Please consult:
http:\\www.nova.edu\ocean\ncri\confinfo_1.html  for more information.
Limited exhibit space for your organization is still available.  To showcase
your organization's work / products / research / etc. to well over 350
national and international coral reef participants, email Stephanie Voris
(Svoris@ocean.nova.edu).
Stephanie Voris
National Coral Reef Institute
Nova Southeastern University Oceanographic Center
svoris@ocean.nova.edu
(954) 923-3390
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Apr  7 08:03:45 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA13745; Wed, 7 Apr 1999 08:03:42 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA01682; Wed, 7 Apr 1999 08:06:59 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma001638; Wed, 7 Apr 99 08:06:28 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id LAA31631; Wed, 7 Apr 1999 11:27:18 GMT
Message-Id: <199904071127.LAA31631@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: "Bruce Carlson" <carlson@iniki.soest.hawaii.edu>
To: "Shafina Shafie" <shafitml@yahoo.com>
Cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: coral transplant
Date: Tue, 6 Apr 1999 16:41:06 -1000
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Bruce Carlson" <carlson@iniki.soest.hawaii.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 199
Shafina,
Corals are transplanted on reefs using underwater epoxy or portland
cement/plaster mixture.  Epoxies can be used on near-vertical surfaces as
well as horizontal surfaces, whereas the cement technique can only be used
on horizontal surfaces.  Epoxy and cement can be used both with stony
corals and black corals.
Regardless of the technique, most who have attempted transplanting corals
to reefs generally agree it is probably not worth the time and effort.
Only a few corals can be planted per diver per hour, and the loss due to
predation and mechanical failure of the epoxy/cement is fairly high.  You
should have a clear understanding of your goals before going out and
transplanting corals, and weigh these goals against the cost in manpower
and dollars.
Bob Richmond at the University of Guam is testing techniques to encourage
settlement of cultured planulae on the reef.  You might want to contact
him for further information on this subject.
Bruce Carlson
Waikiki Aquarium
-----Original Message-----
From: Shafina Shafie <shafitml@yahoo.com>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Tuesday, April 06, 1999 3:28 PM
Subject: coral transplant
>
>Dear member of the coral-list,
>Hai, my name is Shafina and I am a student of local university and am
>studying in Marine Science. Right now I am doing industrial training in
>marine park.
>I was asked to find out about 'coral transplant' as I not able to go to
>library because this is a remote area, my only source will be the
>internet and this discussion group. So if any of the members fimilliar
>with this tecnique, do reply.
>Thank you
>Shafina Shafie
>
>_________________________________________________________
>Do You Yahoo!?
>Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com
>
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Apr  7 09:03:21 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA15419 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 7 Apr 1999 09:03:21 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA05270; Wed, 7 Apr 1999 09:06:38 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma005257; Wed, 7 Apr 99 09:06:02 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 7 Apr 1999 09:03:25 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA32257; Wed, 7 Apr 1999 12:37:59 GMT
Received: from u2.farm.idt.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id IAA32439; Wed, 7 Apr 1999 08:37:48 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from oemcomputer (ppp-17.ts-3.nyc.idt.net [169.132.97.17])
	by u2.farm.idt.net (8.9.3/8.9.2) with SMTP id IAA29056;
	Wed, 7 Apr 1999 08:37:47 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <370B5070.D0@idt.net>
Date: Wed, 07 Apr 1999 08:32:48 -0400
From: "Dennis A. Thoney, Ph.D." <dthoney@idt.net>
Organization: NY Aquarium
X-Mailer: Mozilla 3.01C-IDT-v5  (Win95; U)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Coral list <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>,
        "Jamie D. Bechtel" <warrior@bu.edu>
Subject: Re: listing coral
References: <3.0.1.16.19990406233055.57f752cc@acs-mail.bu.edu>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Dennis A. Thoney, Ph.D." <dthoney@idt.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 200
Jamie D. Bechtel wrote:
>
> Hello all - I received this email and it seemed appropriate to forward it
> given the recent debate over the listing of Acropora palmata and A.
> cervicornis. A petition to list the two species is well on its way and the
> outcome seems promising. However, scientific evidence will strenghten the
> petition. Please respond directly to Brent Plater at
> platerb@ksg.harvard.edu. Note that comments are being accepted until April
> 15. Brent has included an explanation of what type of information is
> necessary and a copy of the petitition.
>
> Cheers,
> jamie
>
> >
> >
> >
> >My name is Brent Plater, and I am a law and public policy graduate student
> >studying at UC Berkeley and Harvard.  As you know, the populations of
> >Acropora palmata (elkhorn coral) and Acropora cervicornis (staghorn coral)
> >are in critical condition.  From my initial research, it appears that if
> >these species are not legally protected soon, they may face extinction.  I
> >am therefore submitting a petition to NMFS to list these species as
> >endangered under the Endangered Species Act.
> >
> >In order to make sure that this petition is based on the best scientific
> >and commercial data available (which is the basis for determination under
> >the Endangered Species Act) I am writing this list to find out if anyone is
> >interested in supporting this petition.  Support is needed in two ways:
> >first, I need scientists who are familiar with these species to write
> >letters in support of the petition.  These letters will be submitted with
> >the petition.  Second, if anyone has any documentation (including
> >references to articles in the scientific literature) documenting the life
> >history, population decline, current population size and range, etc. please
> >e-mail me the title, author, and where it was published so that I may
> >retrieve the information.
> >
> >This petition has a very good chance at being successful because NMFS is
> >already considering legal protection for these species. On Jan 15, 1999
> >NMFS published in the Federal Register a notice that it was considering
> >these species (among others) for the Endangered Species Act candidate
> >species list.  FYI, the Jan. 15 publication is attached below.
> >
> >Finally, if you know of any additional species of coral or other marine
> >species that are in need of protection, please let me know so we can
> >discuss whether listing under the ESA would be appropriate for those
> >species as well.
> >
> >Thank you for your help and if you have any further questions feel free to
> >contact me at 617-491-8946.
> >
> >Very truly yours,
> >
> >Brent Plater
> >1039 Massachusetts Ave. # 202
> >Cambridge, MA 02138
> >617-491-8946
> >platerb@ksg.harvard.edu
> >
> >
> >[Federal Register: January 15, 1999 (Volume 64, Number 10)]
> >[Notices]
> >[Page 2629-2630]
> >>From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]
> >[DOCID:fr15ja99-50]
> >
> >-----------------------------------------------------------------------
> >
> >DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
> >
> >National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
> >[I.D. 011199C]
> >
> >
> >Endangered and Threatened Species; Request for Information on
> >Candidate Species List Under the Endangered Species Act
> >
> >AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and
> >Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Commerce.
> >
> >ACTION: Request for information for revision of candidate species list.
> >
> >-----------------------------------------------------------------------
> >
> >SUMMARY: NMFS solicits information on marine and anadromous species
> >that may qualify as candidates for possible addition to the List of
> >Endangered and Threatened Species, including information on the status
> >of species currently classified as candidate species. This notice is
> >not a proposal for listing; candidate species do not receive
> >substantive or procedural protection under the Endangered Species Act
> >of 1973 (ESA). The goal of the candidate species program is to identify
> >marine and anadromous species as candidates for possible addition to
> >the List of Endangered and Threatened Species and encourage voluntary
> >efforts to help prevent listings.
> >
> >DATES: Comments will be accepted until April 15, 1999.
> >
> >ADDRESSES: Comments and documentation for these and any recommended
> >additions or deletions to the candidate species list should be sent to
> >Chief, Endangered Species Division, Office of Protected Resources,
> >NMFS, 1315 East-West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910.
> >
> >FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Marta Nammack or Terri Jordan at
> >(301)713-1401.
> >
> >SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The ESA requires determinations of whether
> >species of wildlife and plants are endangered or threatened, based on
> >the best available scientific and commercial data. ``Species'' includes
> >any species or subspecies of fish, wildlife, or plant, and any distinct
> >population segment of any vertebrate species that interbreeds when
> >mature (vertebrate population). NMFS and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
> >Service share responsibilities under the ESA. With some exceptions,
> >NMFS is responsible for species that reside all or the major portion of
> >their lifetime in marine or estuarine waters. The regulations
> >implementing Section 4 of the ESA (49 FR 38900, October 1, 1984) define
> >``candidate'' as ``any species being considered by the Secretary for
> >listing as an endangered or a threatened species, but not yet the
> >subject of a proposed rule.''
> >    The four main purposes of the candidate species list are to (1)
> >Increase public awareness about these species; (2) identify those
> >species that may be in need of protective measures under the ESA, and
> >if possible, recover them before listing under the ESA becomes
> >necessary; (3) stimulate voluntary conservation efforts by Federal
> >agencies and other appropriate parties with regard to these species;
> >and (4) identify uncertainties associated with the status of the
> >species. As resources permit, NMFS conducts a review of the status of
> >each candidate species to determine if it warrants listing as
> >endangered or threatened under the ESA. Sometimes, even though NMFS may
> >determine after conducting a status review that a species does not
> >warrant listing under the ESA, NMFS may retain the species on the
> >candidate species list due to remaining concerns or uncertainties. NMFS
> >believes it is important to highlight species for which listing may be
> >warranted so that Federal and state agencies, Native American tribes,
> >and the private sector are aware of which species could benefit from
> >proactive conservation efforts. Agencies and other appropriate parties
> >can take candidate species into account in project planning, which may
> >lower the likelihood of an ESA listing.
> >    NMFS has developed specific criteria for determining which species/
> >vertebrate populations should be included on the NMFS candidate species
> >list. These criteria are based on the requirement for reliable
> >information on the biological status of a species or vertebrate
> >population.
> >    Biological status is determined by both demography and genetic
> >composition of the species/vertebrate population. If there is evidence
> >of demographic or genetic concerns that would indicate that listing may
> >be warranted, the species/vertebrate population should be added to the
> >candidate species list. Demographic concerns would occur when there is
> >a significant decline in abundance or range from historical levels that
> >would indicate that listing may be warranted. This could result from
> >activities such as over-harvest, habitat degradation, disease
> >outbreaks, predation, natural climatic conditions, and hatchery
> >operations that negatively impact natural stocks. Genetic concerns that
> >would indicate that listing may be warranted include outbreeding and
> >inbreeding depression resulting from poor hatchery practices or
> >substantially reduced numbers of natural individuals.
> >    If you wish to propose that a species/vertebrate population be
> >designated as a candidate species, please submit available information,
> >including: (1) Taxonomic validity of the species, subspecies or
> >vertebrate population; (2) life history; (3) historic and current
> >population size and distribution; (4) assessment of confirmed and
> >likely threats and declines; (5) existing laws, regulations, agreements
> >and other protective mechanisms; and (6) documentation of information
> >used to justify their proposal.
> >    The previous list was published on July 14, 1997, (62 FR 37560).
> >NMFS intends to consider the results of ongoing status reviews and all
> >data received in response to this notice to make appropriate amendments
> >to the list. Some of the species NMFS is considering adding to the
> >candidate species list are the largetooth sawfish (Pristis pristis),
> >smalltooth sawfish (Pristis pectinata), barndoor skate (Raja laevis),
> >elkhorn coral (Acropora palmata), staghorn coral (Acropora
> >cervicornis), and four gastropods that are possibly extinct:
> >``Collisella'' edmitchelli, Lottia alveus alveus, Cerithidea fuscata,
> >and Phyllaplysia smaragda.
> >    It is important to note that the candidate species list is limited
> >by the information available. Therefore, it does
> >
> >[[Page 2630]]
> >
> >not encompass all declining marine and anadromous species that may
> >warrant listing in the future. Moreover, inclusion of a species on the
> >candidate species list does not create a higher listing priority for
> >that species. As appropriate, NMFS may initiate a status review for any
> >species or vertebrate population of concern, regardless of whether it
> >is a candidate species, and the public may petition to list any species
> >or vertebrate population.
> >
> >    Dated: January 12, 1999.
> >Ann D. Terbush,
> >Acting Director, Office of Protected Resources, National Marine
> >Fisheries Service.
> >[FR Doc. 99-1011 Filed 1-14-99; 8:45 am]
> >BILLING CODE 3510-22-F
> >
> >
> >
> >
> Jamie D. Bechtel
> Boston University
> Department of Biology
> Five Cummington Street
> Boston, MA 02215
> (617)353-6969
>
> Boston College Law School
> 255 Centre Street
> Newton, MA 02159
> >
Why is it necessary to list these species under US law?  US law will
only protect them in US territory.  They are already protected under
CITES which worldwide.  There is very little, if any, trade in these
species. I do not see how listing them separately in the US will help
them.
--
Dennis A. Thoney, Ph.D.
General Curator
New York Aquarium
Wildlife Conservation Society
Boardwalk and West 8th St.
Brooklyn, NY 11224
www.wcs.org
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Apr  7 16:15:04 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA25749 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 7 Apr 1999 16:15:04 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA06761; Wed, 7 Apr 1999 16:17:59 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma006713; Wed, 7 Apr 99 16:17:37 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 7 Apr 1999 16:14:16 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA34614; Wed, 7 Apr 1999 17:47:15 GMT
Received: from mailhub.uel.ac.uk by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA34558; Wed, 7 Apr 1999 13:47:06 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from whstaff1.uel.ac.uk (whstaff1.uel.ac.uk [161.76.104.3])
	by mailhub.uel.ac.uk (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id SAA01045
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 7 Apr 1999 18:47:08 +0100 (BST)
Received: from WHSTAFF1/SpoolDir by whstaff1.uel.ac.uk (Mercury 1.44);
    7 Apr 99 18:40:40 GMT0BST
Received: from SpoolDir by WHSTAFF1 (Mercury 1.44); 7 Apr 99 18:40:26 GMT0BST
From: "Nicola Chapman" <N.D.Chapman@uel.ac.uk>
Organization: University of East London
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Date: Wed, 7 Apr 1999 18:40:19 GMT0BST
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT
Priority: normal
X-mailer: Pegasus Mail for Windows (v3.01d)
Message-Id: <3BF036B0287@whstaff1.uel.ac.uk>
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Nicola Chapman" <N.D.Chapman@uel.ac.uk>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 201
Rm.306
Dept.of Environmental Sciences and Mathematics
University of East London
Stratford
London
E15 4LY
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Apr  8 01:40:31 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id BAA00525 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 8 Apr 1999 01:40:30 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id BAA24114; Thu, 8 Apr 1999 01:44:33 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma024104; Thu, 8 Apr 99 01:43:53 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 8 Apr 1999 01:41:18 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id FAA37559; Thu, 8 Apr 1999 05:14:37 GMT
Received: from relay1.Hawaii.Edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id BAA37547; Thu, 8 Apr 1999 01:14:31 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from uhunix4.its.hawaii.edu ([128.171.44.54]) by relay1.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <152482(9)>; Wed, 7 Apr 1999 19:14:29 -1000
Received: from localhost by uhunix4.its.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <171776(1)>; Wed, 7 Apr 1999 19:14:15 -1000
Date: 	Wed, 7 Apr 1999 19:14:13 -1000
From: Cindy Hunter <cindyh@hawaii.edu>
X-Sender: cindyh@uhunix4
To: Bruce Carlson <carlson@iniki.soest.hawaii.edu>
cc: Shafina Shafie <shafitml@yahoo.com>, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: coral transplant
In-Reply-To: <199904071127.LAA31631@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.05.9904071913330.15489-100000@uhunix4>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Cindy Hunter <cindyh@hawaii.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 202
Bob Richmond's email address is richmond@uog.edu
On Tue, 6 Apr 1999, Bruce Carlson wrote:
> Shafina,
>
> Corals are transplanted on reefs using underwater epoxy or portland
> cement/plaster mixture.  Epoxies can be used on near-vertical surfaces as
> well as horizontal surfaces, whereas the cement technique can only be used
> on horizontal surfaces.  Epoxy and cement can be used both with stony
> corals and black corals.
>
> Regardless of the technique, most who have attempted transplanting corals
> to reefs generally agree it is probably not worth the time and effort.
> Only a few corals can be planted per diver per hour, and the loss due to
> predation and mechanical failure of the epoxy/cement is fairly high.  You
> should have a clear understanding of your goals before going out and
> transplanting corals, and weigh these goals against the cost in manpower
> and dollars.
>
> Bob Richmond at the University of Guam is testing techniques to encourage
> settlement of cultured planulae on the reef.  You might want to contact
> him for further information on this subject.
>
> Bruce Carlson
> Waikiki Aquarium
>
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Shafina Shafie <shafitml@yahoo.com>
> To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
> Date: Tuesday, April 06, 1999 3:28 PM
> Subject: coral transplant
>
>
> >
> >Dear member of the coral-list,
> >Hai, my name is Shafina and I am a student of local university and am
> >studying in Marine Science. Right now I am doing industrial training in
> >marine park.
> >I was asked to find out about 'coral transplant' as I not able to go to
> >library because this is a remote area, my only source will be the
> >internet and this discussion group. So if any of the members fimilliar
> >with this tecnique, do reply.
> >Thank you
> >Shafina Shafie
> >
> >_________________________________________________________
> >Do You Yahoo!?
> >Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com
> >
> >
>
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Apr  8 05:11:21 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id FAA01482 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 8 Apr 1999 05:11:20 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id FAA27100; Thu, 8 Apr 1999 05:15:25 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma027087; Thu, 8 Apr 99 05:14:52 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 8 Apr 1999 05:12:15 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id IAA37500; Thu, 8 Apr 1999 08:53:45 GMT
Received: from mailhub.uel.ac.uk by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id EAA38308; Thu, 8 Apr 1999 04:53:39 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from whstaff1.uel.ac.uk (whstaff1.uel.ac.uk [161.76.104.3])
	by mailhub.uel.ac.uk (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id JAA00743
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 8 Apr 1999 09:53:41 +0100 (BST)
Received: from WHSTAFF1/SpoolDir by whstaff1.uel.ac.uk (Mercury 1.44);
    8 Apr 99 09:47:13 GMT0BST
Received: from SpoolDir by WHSTAFF1 (Mercury 1.44); 8 Apr 99 09:47:05 GMT0BST
From: "Nicola Chapman" <N.D.Chapman@uel.ac.uk>
Organization: University of East London
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Date: Thu, 8 Apr 1999 09:47:03 GMT0BST
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT
Subject: coral database ?
Priority: normal
X-mailer: Pegasus Mail for Windows (v3.01d)
Message-Id: <3CE20303824@whstaff1.uel.ac.uk>
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Nicola Chapman" <N.D.Chapman@uel.ac.uk>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 203
Hello all,
    I am presently reseaching the nutrient cycle of corals and thier
symbiotic coral.Like all reserachers i am lost under a pile of literature
and constantly scanning the web.However i was wondering if  a
specific database,website or book even lists the major coral families
and the symbiotic hosts found within them? Or is this one -step ahead ?
 If anyway can point me in the right direction it would be fantastic,
Please reply direct to nikki2@uel.ac.uk
 Thanks Nikki
Rm.306
Dept.of Environmental Sciences and Mathematics
University of East London
Stratford
London
E15 4LY
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Apr  8 08:30:47 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA03015 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 8 Apr 1999 08:30:46 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA02812; Thu, 8 Apr 1999 08:33:41 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma002778; Thu, 8 Apr 99 08:33:07 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 8 Apr 1999 08:30:30 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA39784; Thu, 8 Apr 1999 12:13:11 GMT
Received: from mail.caribe.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id IAA39601; Thu, 8 Apr 1999 08:13:00 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from default (ppp135.211dip.netdial.caribe.net [209.91.211.135])
	by mail.caribe.net (8.9.0/8.9.0) with SMTP id IAA02380
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 8 Apr 1999 08:16:56 -0400 (AST)
Message-Id: <000201be81b8$126f4440$87d35bd1@default>
From: "Ernesto Weil" <eweil@caribe.net>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Tissue processor
Date: Thu, 8 Apr 1999 07:10:35 -0400
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_001A_01BE818E.E5A09C80"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.2106.4
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.2106.4
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Ernesto Weil" <eweil@caribe.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 204
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_001A_01BE818E.E5A09C80
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Hello everyone,=20
I am starting a two year project to continue the studies of the =
reproductive biology and ecology of Caribbean corals, specially those =
taxa that have not been investigated in the past (about 60 % of the =
species) and to review those for which there is contradictory =
information. I am having a hard time finding an affordable, medium size =
tissue processor (used to be built by a company called Autotechnicon =
many years ago, I think). If anybody has information about where to =
purchase or find this apparatus, please contact me at my e-mail address =
(eweil@caribe.net),
Thanks for your attention,
EWeil.
    =20
Dr. Ernesto Weil
Depart. of Marine Sciences, UPR
PO BOX 908 Lajas PR 00667
Ph. (787) 899-2048 x. 241
FAX (787) 899-2630/899-5500.
------=_NextPart_000_001A_01BE818E.E5A09C80
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META content=3Dtext/html;charset=3Diso-8859-1 =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D'"MSHTML 4.72.2106.6"' name=3DGENERATOR>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Hello everyone, </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>I am starting a two year project to =
continue the=20
studies of the reproductive biology and ecology of Caribbean corals, =
specially=20
those taxa that have not been investigated in the past (about 60 % of =
the=20
species) and to review those for which there is contradictory =
information. I am=20
having a hard time finding an affordable, medium size tissue processor =
(used to=20
be built by a company called Autotechnicon many years ago, I think). If =
anybody=20
has information about where to purchase or find this apparatus, please =
contact=20
me at my e-mail address (<A=20
href=3D"mailto:eweil@caribe.net">eweil@caribe.net</A>),</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Thanks for your =
attention,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>EWeil.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Dr. Ernesto Weil<BR>Depart. of =
Marine Sciences,=20
UPR<BR>PO BOX 908 Lajas PR 00667<BR>Ph. (787) 899-2048 x. 241<BR>FAX =
(787)=20
899-2630/899-5500.</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_000_001A_01BE818E.E5A09C80--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Apr  8 13:20:48 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA12882 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 8 Apr 1999 13:20:47 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA01512; Thu, 8 Apr 1999 13:24:06 -0400
Received: from scis.acast.nova.edu(137.52.224.15) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma001479; Thu, 8 Apr 99 13:23:13 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov (coral.aoml.noaa.gov [192.111.123.248])
	by scis.acast.nova.edu (8.9.1/8.9.1) with ESMTP id NAA22375
	for <hendeej@scis.acast.nova.edu>; Thu, 8 Apr 1999 13:20:31 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA39927; Thu, 8 Apr 1999 13:32:43 GMT
Received: from mail.whoi.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id JAA39947; Thu, 8 Apr 1999 09:32:32 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from whoi.edu ([128.128.108.156]) by mail.whoi.edu
          (Netscape Messaging Server 3.6)  with ESMTP id AAA2E9E
          for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>;
          Thu, 8 Apr 1999 09:32:35 -0400
Message-ID: <370CB112.95BB1DFF@whoi.edu>
Date: Thu, 08 Apr 1999 09:38:10 -0400
From: gsancho@whoi.edu (Gorka Sancho)
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.05 (Macintosh; I; PPC)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Ghislaine Llewelly
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii; x-mac-type="54455854"; x-mac-creator="4D4F5353"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: gsancho@whoi.edu (Gorka Sancho)
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 205
Dear Coral List,
I have been looking for the address and e-mail of Dr. Ghislaine Llewelly
quite unsuccesfully.  After finishing her graduate studies in Harvard
she left to Indonesia.  I would be very interested in receiving her
present address (please reply directly to me: gsancho@whoi.edu).  Thank
you very much,  Sincerely
Gorka Sancho, Ph.D.
Department of Biology
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
Woods Hole, MA 02543
gsancho@whoi.edu
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Apr 10 16:39:13 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA12789 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 10 Apr 1999 16:39:13 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA20511; Sat, 10 Apr 1999 16:43:20 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma020498; Sat, 10 Apr 99 16:43:00 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 10 Apr 1999 16:40:23 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA54725; Sat, 10 Apr 1999 19:11:09 GMT
Received: from smtp.ucsd.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id PAA54601; Sat, 10 Apr 1999 15:11:04 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from judith (jgarfiel.alumni.ucsd.edu [137.110.249.140]) by smtp.ucsd.edu (8.9.1a/8.6.9) with SMTP id MAA24951 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 10 Apr 1999 12:11:04 -0700 (PDT)
Message-Id: <370FA270.5E7A@ucsd.edu>
Date: Sat, 10 Apr 1999 12:11:44 -0700
From: judith garfield <jgarfield@ucsd.edu>
Organization: Biotext
X-Mailer: Mozilla 3.0 (Win95; I)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Scientific editing
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: judith garfield <jgarfield@ucsd.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 206
"Editing your own work is like removing your own tonsils...possible but
painful." Communicate your message clearly, concisely, and effectively.
Let an editor who is also a scientist help you make a positive impact
with your journal articles, poster sessions, grant proposals, conference
speeches, and more. All work considered proprietary.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Apr 12 00:54:20 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id AAA19435 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 12 Apr 1999 00:54:20 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id AAA06123; Mon, 12 Apr 1999 00:57:16 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma006109; Mon, 12 Apr 99 00:57:06 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 12 Apr 1999 00:54:29 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id EAA63335; Mon, 12 Apr 1999 04:23:33 GMT
Received: from mail.caribe.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id AAA63098; Mon, 12 Apr 1999 00:23:27 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from default (ppp238.211dip.netdial.caribe.net [209.91.211.238])
	by mail.caribe.net (8.9.0/8.9.0) with SMTP id AAA18454
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 12 Apr 1999 00:27:32 -0400 (AST)
Message-Id: <3.0.32.19990412003151.007058c4@caribe.net>
X-Sender: eweil@caribe.net
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0 (32)
Date: Mon, 12 Apr 1999 00:31:53 -0400
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Ernesto Weil <eweil@caribe.net>
Subject: Summer Course
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/enriched; charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Ernesto Weil <eweil@caribe.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 207
	<underline>	SUMMER COURSE
</underline>	CORAL REEF BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY
	DOS MOSQUISES MARINE LABORATORY
ARCHIPIELAGO DE LOS ROQUES NATIONAL PARK,
		 VENEZUELA
	   JUNE 23 - JULY 4, 1999.
The Fundaci=F3n Cientifica los Roques announces an intensive summer course
in coral reef biology and ecology. The course will take place at the Dos
Mosquises Marine Laboratory located on the southwest corner of the
Archipielago Los Roques National Park, an atoll-like reef complex located
110 km north of the Venezuelan main coast. This reef complex boast some
of the best developed and diverse coral reefs as well as sea-grass beds
and mangrove forests in the Caribbean, it is far away from continental
and major direct anthropogenic influences (fishing and eco-tourism are
the main activities).
The course will include topics such as evolution of reef communities,
clonality as an evolutionary successful strategy, biology and ecological
roles of sponges and scleractinian corals, current anthropogenic and
natural threats, and coral biogeography. A special session on sea-grass
communities is also included. Field and lab work will include taxonomic
identifications, reef and sea-grass community characterization and
structure, reef status assessment, coral diseases, ecological and
monitoring methods, etc. A more complete description of the program will
be available in a web page which will be available soon.=20
Faculty :
Ernesto Weil, Ph.D=20
Associate Professor
Department of Marine Sciences
U. of Puerto Rico
Sven Zea, Ph.D     =20
Associate Professor
Department of Biology
U.  Nacional de Colombia
David Bone, Ph.D
Associate Professor
Department of Biology
U. Sim=F3n Bol=EDvar, Caracas.
Cost: The course cost is US $ 900.00 per student. This includes tuition
fees, dive activities, room and board, round trip transportation from
Caracas and limited insurance. Each participant will be required to sign
a release form at arrival. =20
How to get there:  Many US and other international carriers fly into the
Sim=F3n Bolivar International Airport, 15 km north of Caracas. The
Institution will make all the arrangements for the round trip
transportation from Caracas to the field station. The station has its own
landing strip but it is restricted to small planes. If a commercial
airline is used, they land in the main island of El Gran Roque, 20 km
north-east of the Station. Boat transportation (2 hours) will then be
provided from El Gran Roque to the Dos Mosquises Marine Lab.
Application and requirements for participants: The course is intended for
advanced undergraduate and/or graduate students. An evolution course and
a tropical marine invertebrate course are strongly recommended. Diving
certification and at least 100 logged dives are required. Experience in
diving and/or working in Caribbean coral reefs will be a plus. The
Fundaci=F3n Cientifica Los Roques reserves the right to reject applications
that do not comply with the requirements. Guidelines for applications
will be posted in the web page in the Internet. We have limitations on
the number of students that can participate. Those interested in the
course please contact Dr. Ernesto Weil (eweil@caribe.net - Pho- (787)
899-2048 x. 241 - FAX- (787) 899-2630) for more information.
   =20
Dr. Ernesto Weil
Department of Marine Sciences
University of Puerto Rico
PO BOX 908, Lajas, PR 00667
Ph: (787) 899-2048 ext. 241
Fax:(787) 899-5500
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Apr 12 12:01:35 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA28457 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 12 Apr 1999 12:01:34 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA00009; Mon, 12 Apr 1999 12:04:54 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma029964; Mon, 12 Apr 99 12:04:18 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 12 Apr 1999 11:24:36 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA66059; Mon, 12 Apr 1999 14:51:23 GMT
Received: from ns1.carib-link.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA66148; Mon, 12 Apr 1999 10:51:15 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from ima (pm9-25.carib-link.net [196.29.66.25])
	by ns1.carib-link.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id KAA20258
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 12 Apr 1999 10:51:10 -0400
Received: by localhost with Microsoft MAPI; Mon, 12 Apr 1999 10:54:54 -0400
Message-Id: <01BE84D2.E59999C0.rguppy@ima.gov.tt>
From: Reia Guppy <rguppy@ima.gov.tt>
To: "'coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov'" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Underwater photography
Date: Mon, 12 Apr 1999 10:52:18 -0400
Organization: IMA
X-Mailer: Microsoft Internet E-mail/MAPI - 8.0.0.4211
Encoding: 16 TEXT
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Reia Guppy <rguppy@ima.gov.tt>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 208
Hi to the Coral List.
I have recently begun taking underwater photographys (both on slide and
print film).  Sometimes the slide film is just a black plate and the print
film the photos at time looks bluish (at 30-50ft).  Can anyone offer any
tips to improve my photography?  Or knows of anyone with whom I can
contact?
Reia Guppy
Marine Ecologist
Environmental Research Programme
Institute of Marine Affairs
Chaguaramas,
Trinidad
rguppy@ima.gov.tt
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Apr 13 10:11:19 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA15526 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 13 Apr 1999 10:11:18 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA04194; Tue, 13 Apr 1999 10:14:38 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma004172; Tue, 13 Apr 99 10:14:16 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 13 Apr 1999 10:11:38 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA72120; Tue, 13 Apr 1999 13:31:44 GMT
Received: from mmspub.mms.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id JAA72146; Tue, 13 Apr 1999 09:31:36 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from smtp.mms.gov (smtp.mms.gov [161.160.220.91])
	by mmspub.mms.gov (8.8.8+Sun/8.8.8) with ESMTP id JAA07085
	for <coral-list@reef.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 13 Apr 1999 09:34:54 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from ccMail by smtp.mms.gov
  (IMA Internet Exchange 3.11) id 0003DE22; Tue, 13 Apr 1999 09:33:36 -0400
Mime-Version: 1.0
Date: Mon, 12 Apr 1999 17:27:49 -0400
Message-Id: <0003DE22.C22081@mms.gov>
From: Kenneth.Deslarzes@mms.gov (Kenneth Deslarzes)
Subject: Flower Garden Banks-website
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Description: cc:Mail note part
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Kenneth.Deslarzes@mms.gov (Kenneth Deslarzes)
Status: RO
X-Status: A
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 209
     12 April, 1999
     Dear Coral-Listers,
     I invite you to visit the Minerals Management Service (US Dept. of the
     Interior) website presenting an overview of coral reef monitoring at
     the Flower Garden Banks (northern Gulf of Mexico).  It also features a
     multidisciplinary report on "environmental characteristics and human
     interaction" at the Flower Gardens.
     The site address is:
     http://www.gomr.mms.gov/homepg/regulate/environ/flow_gar/flowgard.html
     Jim Hendee kindly established a link to this MMS site on the CHAMP
     page under "Coral Links, Other Government Resources, Other
     Information" at:
       http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/coral_links.html.
     Should you have any questions regarding the MMS Flower Gardens site,
     please feel free to call me or send a note.
     Best wishes,
     Ken Deslarzes
     USDOI/Minerals Management Service
     Environmental Sciences Section
     1201 Elmwood Park Blvd., MS 5432
     New Orleans, LA 70123
     Phone: (504) 736-5705
     Email: kenneth.deslarzes@mms.gov
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Apr 13 13:59:26 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA22051 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 13 Apr 1999 13:59:25 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA24106; Tue, 13 Apr 1999 14:03:34 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma023984; Tue, 13 Apr 99 14:02:46 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 13 Apr 1999 14:00:06 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA73410; Tue, 13 Apr 1999 17:29:06 GMT
Received: from surf1.caribsurf.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA73617; Tue, 13 Apr 1999 13:28:30 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by surf1.caribsurf.com id NAA0000009513; Tue, 13 Apr 1999 13:28:04 -0400 (GMT-0400)
Message-Id: <199904131728.NAA0000009513@surf1.caribsurf.com>
From: "ICLARM CEPO" <iclarm@caribsurf.com>
To: "Coral List" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Reef Encounter 25, Final Call for Contributions
Date: Tue, 13 Apr 1999 13:24:41 -0300
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Priority: 3
X-Mailer: Microsoft Internet Mail 4.70.1161
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "ICLARM CEPO" <iclarm@caribsurf.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 210
REEF ENCOUNTER No. 25
NEWSLETTER OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR REEF STUDIES
FINAL CALL FOR CONTRIBUTIONS
If you have news, comments, or short reviews that you would like to
submit to Reef Encounter, (Newsletter of the International Society
for Reef Studies) please email text to iclarm@caribsurf.com by the
1st May.
If you are interested in joining the International Society for Reef
Studies and receiving Reef Encounter please contact Richard Aronson
at raronson@jaguar1.usouthal.edu
Thanks,
Maggie, Kristian and David
NOTES FOR CONTRIBUTORS
The aim of Reef Encounter is to provide a magazine-style newsletter
on any aspect of reefs, the livelier the better.  In addition to
news, meeting and expedition reports and announcements, we aim to
have discussions and debates about particular issues concerning ISRS
or the broader field of reef science in general.  Reef Encounter does
not publish original scientific data, so please do not submit such
papers.  The newsletter aims to complement the journal which carries
scientific papers, in that it provides an outlet for book reviews,
discussion of issues of general interest and a correspondence column
(Upwellings).  It also carries short reviews of recent trends and
developments in reef research or events that bear on reef studies.
Please note that Reef Encounter is an entirely voluntary effort.  We
do not have funds to pay authors, and the editors are also unpaid.
Please help ISRS by submitting material on a regular basis and in a
form that does not require too much editing.
To save time and postage, we shall not normally acknowledge submitted
material except by email and material will not normally be refereed
or returned for
corrections.  Opinions expressed and errors of fact will have to
remain largely the authors' responsibility.  No published item should
be taken as ISRS opinion unless indicated.
Please help by sending items of not more than 2,000 words in length
using double-spaced typescript, or preferably by e-mail, or diskette
using Word or DOS-Text and in an IBM compatible format.  You can
expect some
gentle editing for flow and sense and to address our readership as
appropriately as possible.  Illustrations should be of a size
compatible with our format.  Black line drawings are preferable.  We
welcome cartoons and drawings. Diagrams should have legends and/or
captions to explain all symbols, abbreviations and shading patterns
etc.  Maps should have a scale and indication of orientation.  Use
World List abbreviations in references.  Please use metric, or
imperial-with-metric units, but not imperial units on their own.  Do
not forget to give your name and full address, or any other contact
address where applicable.
We have no regular reprint system, but contributors will receive a
free copy of the relevant issue.
_____________________________________________________________
ICLARM Caribbean/Eastern Pacific Office,
Suite 158,                              Suite 158
Inland Messenger Service,       P.O. Box 305498
Road Town, Tortola,                St. Thomas
British Virgin Islands.              U.S. Virgin Islands VI 00803
Tel.: 1-284-4951291 (office hours) or 1-284-4966055 (mobile - any
time)
Fax: 1-284-4951389  e-mail: iclarm@caribsurf.com
=====================================================
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Apr 14 10:47:57 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA11085 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 14 Apr 1999 10:47:55 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA24607; Wed, 14 Apr 1999 10:50:50 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma024552; Wed, 14 Apr 99 10:50:32 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 14 Apr 1999 10:47:54 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA78939; Wed, 14 Apr 1999 14:03:42 GMT
Received: from proxy4.ba.best.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA77998; Wed, 14 Apr 1999 10:03:24 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from carterg.vip.best.com (dynamic54.pm03.san-mateo.best.com [205.149.174.182])
	by proxy4.ba.best.com (8.9.3/8.9.2/best.out) with ESMTP id HAA06996
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 14 Apr 1999 07:02:16 -0700 (PDT)
Message-Id: <3714A058.E41F3C06@orf.org>
Date: Wed, 14 Apr 1999 07:04:08 -0700
From: "Greg L. Carter" <gcarter@orf.org>
Organization: Oceanic Resource Foundation
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.01 [en] (Win95; I)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Newsletter
X-Priority: 3 (Normal)
X-Corel-MessageType: EMail
Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="------------378727547F8C9E5501C472FE"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Greg L. Carter" <gcarter@orf.org>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 211
--------------378727547F8C9E5501C472FE
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Greetings coral-listers,
The latest issue of Currents, the newsletter from the Oceanic Resource
Foundation has been posted to our website at www.orf.org. The document
is in Adobe Acrobat Reader pdf file format and we have a direct link to
the Adobe site for the free software if you do not have it. If you are
interested in receiving the printed version of the publication please
send me an email with your postal address.
This issue includes articles on sonar and marine mammals, coral
restoration in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, the whales at
Laguna San Ignacio, the Baja marine conservation meeting, and turtle
research in Greece. I hope you find the issue interesting and
informative.
Regards, Greg
--
"Mother, mother ocean I have heard your call,
Wanted to sail upon your waters since I was three feet tall."
Jimmy Buffet
Greg L. Carter                                http://www.orf.org
gcarter@orf.org                     Oceanic Resource Foundation
--------------378727547F8C9E5501C472FE
Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
<HTML>
Greetings coral-listers,
<P>The latest issue of <I>Currents</I>, the newsletter from the Oceanic
Resource Foundation has been posted to our website at www.orf.org. The
document is in Adobe Acrobat Reader pdf file format and we have a direct
link to the Adobe site for the free software if you do not have it. If
you are interested in receiving the printed version of the publication
please send me an email with your postal address.
<P>This issue includes articles on sonar and marine mammals, coral restoration
in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, the whales at Laguna San
Ignacio, the Baja marine conservation meeting, and turtle research in Greece.
I hope you find the issue interesting and informative.
<P>Regards, Greg
<BR>--
<BR>"Mother, mother ocean I have heard your call,
<BR>Wanted to sail upon your waters since I was three feet tall."
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
Jimmy Buffet
<P>Greg L. Carter&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
<A HREF="http://www.orf.org">http://www.orf.org</A>
<BR>gcarter@orf.org&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
Oceanic Resource Foundation
<BR>&nbsp;</HTML>
--------------378727547F8C9E5501C472FE--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Apr 14 15:43:35 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA16935 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 14 Apr 1999 15:43:35 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA22337; Wed, 14 Apr 1999 15:47:46 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma022283; Wed, 14 Apr 99 15:47:04 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 14 Apr 1999 15:44:17 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA80829; Wed, 14 Apr 1999 18:56:45 GMT
Received: from earth.usgcrp.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA70274; Wed, 14 Apr 1999 14:56:33 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from [198.116.134.12] (usgcrp12.usgcrp.gov [198.116.134.12])
	by earth.usgcrp.gov (8.8.7/8.8.7) with ESMTP id OAA21783;
	Wed, 14 Apr 1999 14:55:51 -0400
X-Sender: tsocci@earth.usgcrp.gov
Message-Id: <v04003a04b33a951a827a@[198.116.134.12]>
Date: Wed, 14 Apr 1999 14:56:09 -0400
To: tsocci@usgcrp.gov (Tony Socci)
From: Tony Socci <tsocci@usgcrp.gov>
Subject: April 20th US Global Change Seminar - "Arctic Sea-Ice: Changes,Causes, and Implications"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Tony Socci <tsocci@usgcrp.gov>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from Quoted-Printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id PAA16935
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 212
                         U.S. Global Change Research Program Seminar Series
                         Arctic Sea-Ice: Changes, Causes, and Implications
What is the evidence for Arctic sea-ice thinning?  Is Arctic sea-ice
thinning everywhere or in specific regions or areas?  How substantial is
the sea-ice thinning?  Is there evidence of changes in the aerial
distribution of Arctic sea-ice?  Is Arctic sea-ice now forming later in the
season and melting earlier?  What are the likely causes of the observed
changes in Arctic sea-ice?  What are the long and the short-term
implications of Arctic sea-ice thinning in terms of climate change and in
terms of possible impacts on humans and ecosystems?  Have Alaskan Native
Peoples, in particular, observed similar changes, and if so, what has been
the impact of these and other changes?
                                                          Public Invited
                                      Tuesday, April 20, 1999, 12:00-1:45 PM
                                        Russell Senate Office Bldg., Room 385
                                                       Washington, DC
                                                  Buffet Lunch Reception
INTRODUCTION:
Charles (Chip) Groat, Director, US Geological Survey, Department of the
Interior, Reston, VA
SPEAKERS:
Douglas G. Martinson, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia
University, Palisades, NY
Caleb Pungowiyi, Director, Natural Resources Program, Eskimo Walrus
Commission, Nome, AK
                                          Overview
Sea ice has covered the majority of the Arctic Ocean, year-round, with a
9-foot thick blanket of ice as expansive as the United States, for as long
as civilization can recall.  In sunlight, this vast area is blindingly
radiant; a reflective surface remarkably efficient in reflecting sunlight
back into space, before the sun's rays can heat the region.  Likewise, the
presence of sea-ice serves to insulate the frigid atmosphere from the
relatively warm ocean water (which cannot be colder than the freezing
point) thus preventing the ocean from significantly warming the atmosphere.
Sea ice is such an efficient insulator that in its absence, the exposed
ocean water would warm the overlying air, in winter, by some 20 to 40 C.
Moreover, the exposed ocean is nearly as impressive in its ability to
absorb the warming sunlight as the ice is in reflecting it back into space.
Consequently, the presence or absence of ice leads to considerable
differences in the temperature (and with that, circulation) of the
overlying atmosphere.  This dramatic contrast makes polar climate highly
sensitive to changes in sea ice - even small changes in the sea ice can
result in large changes in the polar climate.  On a grander scale, these
same characteristics that constrain the polar temperatures help define the
temperature contrast between the tropics and the poles.  Climate can be
thought of as the Earth's attempt to eliminate this contrast, that is, to
redistribute excess heat received in the tropics to the heat-starved polar
regions.  In the simplest sense, the vigor, and many other characteristics
of climate, are controlled by the magnitude of this temperature contrast.
Thus, anything that influences polar temperatures can influence global
climate as well.
Observations are beginning to document and reveal just how changes in the
Arctic climate influence the climate outside of the Polar Regions.  Global
climate model simulations, on the other hand, provide additional insights
into how the Earth's climate might change as a result of specific changes
in extent, thickness, and duration of sea ice.  These models also provide
insights as to how the sea ice may change as global climate changes, thus
presenting clues as to how to interpret observed changes in sea ice.
Instrumental and Observational Records of Changes in Arctic Sea-Ice
Though scientists have been aware of the potential sensitivity of the
climate system to changes in sea ice cover for many years, it has only been
since the early 1970s that scientists have finally been able to regularly
observe sea ice through constant monitoring via satellites.  During this
interval of time, scientists have observed a clear and steady decline in
the extent of the Arctic sea-ice cover, showing it to be disappearing at a
rate of approximately 3% each decade.  There have also been a number of
exceptionally abnormal years recently, even in light of this steady
decline.  For example, this decade has witnessed four summers in which the
aerial extent of Arctic sea-ice  was the smallest ever observed.
Furthermore, other, less complete records of Arctic sea-ice suggest that
the decline in extent has been continuous since mid-century.  While the
reduction in ice extent is unequivocal, changes in thickness are also
apparent, but more ambiguous.  Last year, during a year-long experiment in
the Arctic, the thickest ice floe found for the purposes of setting up an
ice station, was only 60% of the average (not even maximum) sea-ice
thickness anticipated.
Measurements in the upper Arctic Ocean also indicated an excess of freshwater
(largely confined to regions of thin ice), which was consistent with the
notion of excess melting during the previous year.  Likewise, recently
documented changes in other parts of the Arctic Ocean are strongly suggestive
(indirectly) of a more pervasive thinning of Arctic sea-ice.  The changes
serve
to introduce considerable heat from the ocean to the ice.  Such changes imply
that winter sea-ice growth will be reduced by 70-80% in those regions in
which these and other changes have occurred.  On the other hand, recent
results from submarine surveys under the ice do not reveal any clear
indication of a general basin-wide thinning.  While differences in these
observations are yet to be reconciled, the steady decline in the aerial extent
of sea-ice cover, predominantly in summer, suggests a steady decline in the
volume of sea-ice and a decline in the amount of freshwater locked up in
sea ice.
The causes for the observed sea ice changes are still uncertain, though
there are some likely candidates, such as the global warming that has been
documented over the majority of this century.  Relative to mean global
temperatures, temperatures in the Polar Regions show the same general
trends, but are amplified relative to the changes observed in the tropics.
Therefore, a general climate warming of a degree or two at lower Latitudes,
is equivalent to a warming of several degrees at the poles.  The changes in
Arctic sea ice do indeed track changes in polar temperature, but whether
increased temperature is a cause or an effect of the sea ice change is
unclear.  The sea ice changes are also remarkably consistent with model
predictions given increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide.  On the other
hand, changes in sea-ice also accompany changes in the regional atmosphere
and as such, may or may not be related to a global warming.  In fact, some
of the above changes have been attributed to El Nino/La Nina cycles.  These
atmospheric changes can modify the sea ice by altering the upper ocean
structure and the winds, both of which influence ice growth, melt and
drift. Whether the changes in the atmosphere are responding to the change
in sea ice or vice versa is not currently known. Confounding the
interpretations further is the fact that all of the various changes are
generally consistent with the global warming trends. At present, despite
considerable uncertainties, global warming seems to be the most likely
candidate driving the changes (and the one most consistent with the
disparate observational evidence and modeling studies).
While there is some indication of what might be driving the observed
changes, the most compelling unanswered question at this time is whether
these changes are part of a long-term climate trend, or part of a climate
cycle.  In the latter instance, one would expect to see a future reversal
in the observed changes.  However, at present there is evidence that may
support both possibilities, in which case the most likely future projection
would involve a long term decline in the Arctic sea ice cover, tempered in
some years by a cooling (ice build-up) phase of the cycle, and enhanced in
other years by coinciding with the warming (melting) phase of the cycle.
If the decline in Arctic sea-ice cover does continue at the present rate,
the year-round (perennial) ice will eventually disappear and ice will only
appear in winter.
Impacts of Changes in Arctic Sea-Ice: A Native Alaskan Perspective
The Bering Sea and the Arctic Ocean sea-ice are important supporters and
providers of life to the indigenous people whose lives depend on the
resources from these very productive seas.  For those who live in the
Arctic regions, climate change has had, and will have, serious
consequences.  While the scientific community studies climate change and
tries to determine whether the observed changes are part of a long-term
global climate warming trend, many of the indigenous peoples of the Arctic
are already feeling some of the impacts of a changing, warming climate.  It
is important to understand that from the perspective of many indigenous
peoples who live in the Arctic region, even small changes in the climate or
environment can have dramatic impacts on the lives of those whose
livelihood is often directly dependent upon, and tied to natural resources
and the functioning of ecosystems.
The Yupik and other indigenous peoples of the Arctic have observed and
experienced the following changes which have had the following impacts:
 A reduction in sea-ice and changes in the timing of ice formation and
thaw in the Bering and Chukchi Seas.
Impact - When sea-ice is late in forming certain forms of hunting are
delayed or may not take place at all.  When sea-ice in the spring melts or
deteriorates too rapidly, it greatly decreases the length of the hunting
season for all communities. In both, the spring and the fall hunting
season, the window of opportunity is very limited and is also affected by
others environmental conditions such as changes in wind, precipitation, and
surf.  The fall of 1997 and 1998 were two of the warmest in recent years,
especially 1998.  In both years hunters reported poor seal hunting.
Impact - Different species of fish have historically followed or
accompanied the freeze-up of sea-ice.  In the fall of 1998, freeze-up did
not occur until late November.  Up until that time, no fish or seals were
caught in any abundance.
 Changes in precipitation in the summer, fall, and winter.
Impact - Many traditional foods are dried (e.g., seal, walrus, whale, fish,
and birds) in the spring and summer in order to preserve them for
consumption over the long winter months.  When the air is too damp and wet
during the "drying" seasons, food that is set out for drying gets moldy and
sour.  The Yupik and other indigenous communities have observed the
prevalence of more rain, fog, and cloudy skies during the "drying seasons.
Impact - The length of the wet season also affects the ability to gather
greens such as willow leaves, beach greens, sour dock, wild celery, stink
weeds, Labrador tea, etc., The Yupik and other indigenous peoples have been
experiencing wetter, earlier springs, and wetter, earlier falls which
affect the drying and gathering of traditional plants.
 Changes in storm surges, shore erosion, and wind.
 Changes in migration patterns and habitat of terrestrial and marine mammals.
 Changes in the availability of food resources for sea birds and marine life.
Impact - Each species of marine mammals requires a certain type of sea-ice
for resting, molting, socializing, breeding, rearing, and migration.  As
marine mammal hunters, the Yupik and other indigenous peoples of the Arctic
closely observe the quality of ice for spring hunting.  If it has been a
mild fall and winter, ice quality is poor.  In this case the ice is soft,
thin, and disintegrates easily from wind, waves, and warm temperatures.  As
a result, some of the newborn seal and walrus pups do not have sufficient
time to wean properly and typically, will not survive.  In June of 1996
many seal pups washed up dead on the shores of St. Lawrence island.  Few
walrus calves were reported in 1997 and 1998 as well.  In addition, the
lack of ice or poor ice conditions will result in stress on marine mammals
and affect productivity.
                                                Biographies
Caleb Pungowiyi is the current Director of the Natural Resources Program of
the Subsistence and Eskimo Walrus Commission.  He also serves as
Commissioner on the Bering Straits Regional Commission and as an active
Member on the following Boards and Commissions: Marine Mammal Commission;
Advisory Committee of the Office of Polar Programs of the National Science
Foundation; Alaska Scientific Review Group; Rural Alaska Resources
Association; Bering Sea Impact Study; and the Indigenous Peoples Council
for Marine Mammals.
Mr. Pungowiyi is the former President and CEO of the Inuit Circumpolar
Conference, representing 120,000 Inuit of Alaska, Canada, Greenland and
Chukotka, Russia.  In addition, he has served as a Member of the following
Boards and Commissions: Alaska Native Science Commission; the National
Academy of Sciences Polar Research Board's Committee on Bering Sea
Ecosystems; Advisory Panel on Arctic Impacts from Soviet Nuclear
Contamination, with the former Congressional Office of Science and
Technology; Native American Rights Fund; Alaska Coastal Policy Council; and
the Alaska Conservation Foundation.
Douglas Martinson is a senior research scientist at the Lamont-Doherty
Earth Observatory, and an Adjunct Professor in the Department of Earth and
Environmental Sciences at Columbia University.  His primary research
interest is directed at understanding how changes in Polar Regions affect
the global climate.  His research also involves both modeling and field
work.  In this capacity Dr. Martinson has been to the Arctic and Antarctic
polar oceans many times, and was awarded the United States Antarctic
Service Medal in 1987.  He was Chief Scientist for the first sea ice camp
in the Antarctic region (Ice Station Weddell, 1992), Chief Scientist on the
inaugural science cruise of the first U.S. Ice-Breaking Research Vessel
(the Nathaniel B. Palmer), and a member of the Science Steering Committee
and a Principal Investigator for the recently concluded NSF (National
Science Foundation/Office of Naval Research SHEBA (Surface Heat Budget of
the Arctic) project, which operated from a field camp situated in the
Arctic for an entire year.  Dr. Martinson is presently preparing for his
next field trip to study the Antarctic winter, which will be underway in a
couple of months.  He is author of dozens of articles in the peer-reviewed
literature, the latest one dealing with the future of the Arctic Sea-Ice
Cover.  Dr. Martinson also teaches a graduate course on "quantitative
methods of data analysis".
Dr. Martinson  is a member of a number of national and international
committees dealing with global climate change, and the role of Polar
Regions in climate. He was Chairman of the National Research Council's
(NRC's) Panel on Climate Variability over Decade to Century Time Scales
which recently produced the U.S. Science Strategy for Studying Climate
Variability over Decade-to-Century Time Scales.  He is a member of the NRC
Global Change Research Committee, and NRC Climate Research Committee.  He
is a member of the Science Steering Group for the World Climate Research
Programme's (WCRP's) Climate Variability and Prediction (CLIVAR) project,
the Science Steering Group for the WCRP Arctic Climate System (ACSYS)
project, and a member of the WCRP Task Force defining the new Climate and
Cryosphere project, among others. He has also served on a number of
advisory committees (as Chair or as a member) at the following institutions
and agencies: the National Science Foundation, the National Aeronautics and
Space Administration, and the American Meteorological Society.
Dr. Martinson received his Ph.D. at Columbia University, NY, in 1982 in
paleoclimatology and polar oceanography.  He was later awarded a
Post-Doctoral Fellowship in the Department of Physical Oceanography at the
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, where he stayed until returning to
Lamont-Doherty and Columbia University in 1985.
The Next Seminar is scheduled for Monday, May 17, 1999
Tentative Topic: Surface Temperature Changes in the Northern Hemisphere
                          during the Last 1,000 Years
For more information please contact:
Anthony D. Socci, Ph.D., U.S. Global Change Research Program Office, 400
Virginia Ave. SW, Suite 750, Washington, DC 20024; Telephone: (202)
314-2235; Fax: (202) 488-8681 E-Mail: TSOCCI@USGCRP.GOV.
Additional information on the U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP)
and this Seminar Series is available on the USGCRP Home Page at:
http://www.usgcrp.gov.  A complete archive of seminar summaries can also be
found at this site.  Normally these seminars are held on the second Monday
of each month.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Apr 17 20:08:52 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id UAA07862 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 17 Apr 1999 20:08:51 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA21637; Sat, 17 Apr 1999 20:11:49 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma021621; Sat, 17 Apr 99 20:11:02 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 17 Apr 1999 20:08:25 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id XAA89496; Sat, 17 Apr 1999 23:44:51 GMT
Received: from osage.gate.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id TAA02720; Sat, 17 Apr 1999 19:44:41 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from gate.net (tsmia2-222.gate.net [207.36.182.222]) by osage.gate.net (8.8.6/8.6.12) with ESMTP id TAA110106 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 17 Apr 1999 19:43:55 -0400
Message-Id: <37191BD9.26FCE397@gate.net>
Date: Sat, 17 Apr 1999 19:40:10 -0400
From: Steven Miller <smiller@gate.net>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en]C-DIAL  (Win98; I)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral-list <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: ISRS statements on disease and coral bleaching
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Steven Miller <smiller@gate.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 213
We have received numerous requests for copies of the ISRS scientific
consensus statements on coral bleaching and coral diseases, developed
within the ISRS Council.  The statements are now posted on the ISRS home
page, at:
http://www.uncwil.edu/isrs
For those not familiar with the International Society for Reef Studies
(ISRS), the Society was founded in 1980 and membership has increased
rapidly in recent years.  Membership presently stands at over 750 from
over 50 countries worldwide.  The principal objective of the Society is
to promote for the benefit of the public, the production and
dissemination of scientific knowledge and understanding of coral reefs,
both living and fossil.
To achieve its objectives the Society collaborates with Springer to
produce the quarterly journal Coral Reefs.  This large-format journal is
issued free of charge to all members of the Society, and concentrates on
quantitative and theoretical coral reef studies, including experimental
and laboratory work, and modeling. The Society also holds annual
meetings and co-sponsors other gatherings, prints and distributes the
newsletter Reef Encounter, and raises funds and receives contributions
by way of subscriptions and donations.
Steven Miller, Ph.D.
Recording Secretary
International Society for Reef Studies (ISRS)
Director
National Undersea Research Center
University of North Carolina at Wilmington
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Apr 22 07:51:52 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id HAA02431 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 22 Apr 1999 07:51:51 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA20466; Thu, 22 Apr 1999 07:56:16 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma020451; Thu, 22 Apr 99 07:56:14 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 22 Apr 1999 07:53:33 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id LAA34984; Thu, 22 Apr 1999 11:17:26 GMT
Received: from mail.caribe.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id HAA18228; Thu, 22 Apr 1999 07:17:19 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from default (ppp203.197dip.netdial.caribe.net [209.91.197.203])
	by mail.caribe.net (8.9.0/8.9.0) with ESMTP id HAA16085
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 22 Apr 1999 07:21:55 -0400 (AST)
Message-Id: <199904221121.HAA16085@mail.caribe.net>
From: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
To: "Coral-List" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Re: News from Puerto Rico
Date: Thu, 22 Apr 1999 07:13:23 -0400
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Priority: 3
X-Mailer: Microsoft Internet Mail 4.70.1155
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 214
	Decided to post this article forwarded to me on the web since many friends
from the States have told me it is not receiving much press. We have been
told the bomb hit on the opposite side of the island than where target
practice usually takes place. Some misconceptions we have heard from State
side friends include Vieques as being uninhabited ...it actually has around
9,000 residents, hoteliers and fishermen. I have also heard that people
think this is only happening because of Kosovo. U.S. has been using islands
in PR for military target practice since the end of the Spanish - American
war. When we are working with scientists on reefs in Culebra we are
constantly hearing explosions from Vieques. At least one stranding of an
endangered marine species has been attributed to these maneuvers although
we suspect more..it is difficult to accurately document impact from
underwater shock in warm areas where animals decompose rapidly.  I have
personally seen bombs dropped on Vieques from a neighboring island as small
mushroom clouds float up from the impact in the dust. I have also seen
night time explosions of  what looks like yellow balls of gas light up the
beaches where endangered Giant Leatherback Sea turtles nest. Local
fishermen have been complaining about impacts to coral reefs for years to
no avail. Scientists have documented a zero recruitment rate for corals in
areas of impact on an adjacent island which was previously used for similar
practice.
	In the States it is not uncommon to see noxious factories placed in poor
neighborhoods, or toxic waste dumps placed in poor neighborhoods. The poor
community of Vieques and it's biologically diverse natural heritage has to
put up with military target practice (U.S. also leases this area out to
other countries for war games) and now the very tragic death of one of its
residents.
> From: PRenbreve@aol.com
> To: PRenbreve@aol.com
> Subject: Bombardeo en Vieques: un muerto y 4 heridos; vecinos en
peligroconstante
> Date: Tuesday, April 20, 1999 3:30 AM
> > _______________________
> Errant Bombs Kill 1 in Puerto Rico
>
> SAN JUAN, Puerto Rico (April 19) -- Two U.S. Marine jets dropped bombs on
a
> lookout post at a remote training ground in Puerto Rico on Monday,
killing
> one
> civilian and injuring four people.
>
> The two F-18 jets based on the USS John F. Kennedy aircraft carrier were
on a
> night training run over Vieques, an island off the coast of Puerto Rico,
at
> about
> 7:30 p.m., said Roberto Nelson, spokesman for Roosevelt Roads Naval
Station.
> The Navy base operates the training ground in the U.S. territory.
>
> Their bombs missed a target area and landed near the post where four
civilian
> contractors and one military observer were working. The blasts killed one
> contractor
> and injured the other people, though the Navy would not release their
> conditions.
>
> ``They were just in the area, doing their job, when this unfortunate
accident
> occurred,''
> Nelson said. ``We empathize and sympathize with the family of the
deceased,
> and
> we will do a full investigation to see what happened here.''
>
> The injured were flown to the Roosevelt Roads Navy base hospital, about
20
> miles
> away.
>
> Nelson said the Navy would not identify the victims until family members
had
> been
> notified.
>
> He said it was not unusual for airplanes to do bombing at night at the
site.
>
> Police and Civil Defense officials on the island of Vieques said they
> received a
> call from a security guard in the area asking for ambulances soon after
the
> explosions.
>
> The U.S. Navy controls about 75 percent of Vieques for military maneuvers
> and weapons storage. The island is 21 miles long and four miles wide,
located
> about eight miles east of Puerto Rico.
>
> Residents oppose the use of live munitions there, saying the frequent
> explosions
> disturb fishing grounds and have thwarted the island's efforts to attract
> tourism.
>
> Opponents of the U.S. military presence on the island said the accident
had
> confirmed their worst fears.
>
> ``What happened is what for years they have been saying was going to
> happen,''
> said Robert Rabin, who manages the Conde de Mirasol local history museum.
`
>
> `Vieques lives under the continual danger that this type of situation
will
> happen
> if the Navy makes a mistake in its bombardment from ships and
airplanes.''
>
> But Nelson defended the training ground's importance, noting that most of
the
> Navy and Marine aircraft involved in the Kosovo conflict trained there.
>
> ``All of those pilots who are in Kosovo have dropped live ordnance in
> Vieques,''
> Nelson said. ``That is the importance of Vieques in this (Kosovo)
> operation.''
>
Mary Ann Lucking
CORALations
corals@caribe.net
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Apr 22 08:14:30 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA03000 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 22 Apr 1999 08:14:29 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA21376; Thu, 22 Apr 1999 08:17:30 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma021358; Thu, 22 Apr 99 08:17:00 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 22 Apr 1999 08:14:00 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id LAA34949; Thu, 22 Apr 1999 11:47:59 GMT
Received: from gull.prod.itd.earthlink.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id HAA34681; Thu, 22 Apr 1999 07:47:52 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from [208.251.162.106] (1Cust106.tnt5.nyc1.da.uu.net [208.251.162.106])
	by gull.prod.itd.earthlink.net (8.8.7/8.8.5) with ESMTP id EAA07810
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 22 Apr 1999 04:47:47 -0700 (PDT)
Message-Id: <l03130304b344cbed6218@[208.251.162.106]>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Date: Thu, 22 Apr 1999 07:53:34 -0500
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: "James M. Cervino" <cnidaria@earthlink.net>
Subject: e-mail address
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "James M. Cervino" <cnidaria@earthlink.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 215
Dear Listers,
Does anyone have the e-mail address of Rod Fugita (spelling?) of the
Environmental Defense Fund? Thank you for any help!
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Apr 22 12:20:13 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA11735 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 22 Apr 1999 12:20:12 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA19108; Thu, 22 Apr 1999 12:23:12 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma018953; Thu, 22 Apr 99 12:22:19 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 22 Apr 1999 12:19:40 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA36387; Thu, 22 Apr 1999 15:44:29 GMT
Received: from mail.mcn.org by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA36481; Thu, 22 Apr 1999 11:44:23 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from mcn.org (ha-3e-men-m021.mcn.org [204.189.12.56])
	by mail.mcn.org (8.9.0/8.9.3) with ESMTP id IAA02154
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 22 Apr 1999 08:44:19 -0700 (PDT)
Message-Id: <371F43E8.9A7AC062@mcn.org>
Date: Thu, 22 Apr 1999 08:44:40 -0700
From: Greg Grantham/Sarah Quentin <squentin@mcn.org>
X-Sender: "Greg Grantham/Sarah Quentin" <squentin@mail.mcn.org> (Unverified)
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.06 [en]C-gatewaynet  (Win98; I)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: "coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: EMAIL ADDRESS
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Greg Grantham/Sarah Quentin <squentin@mcn.org>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 216
Does anyone have a current email address for Carol Emaurois at Palau
Community College? Thanks.
Greg Grantham
College of the Redwoods
Marine Studies
1211 Del Mar Drive
Fort Bragg, CA 95437
squentin@mcn.org
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Apr 22 13:33:16 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA14401 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 22 Apr 1999 13:33:16 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA29391; Thu, 22 Apr 1999 13:36:16 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma029249; Thu, 22 Apr 99 13:35:36 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 22 Apr 1999 13:32:48 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA36487; Thu, 22 Apr 1999 16:59:55 GMT
Received: from mail.orst.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA36738; Thu, 22 Apr 1999 12:59:45 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from gateway-5.nws.orst.edu (gateway-5.nws.orst.edu [128.193.4.46])
	by mail.orst.edu (8.8.7/8.8.7) with SMTP id IAA02283;
	Thu, 22 Apr 1999 08:39:40 -0700 (PDT)
Received: from ccMail by gateway-5.nws.orst.edu
  (IMA Internet Exchange 2.12 Enterprise) id 00FE3A5C; Thu, 22 Apr 1999 10:02:23 -0700
Mime-Version: 1.0
Date: Thu, 22 Apr 1999 09:31:54 -0700
Message-Id: <00FE3A5C.3116@ccmail.orst.edu>
From: sollinsp@ccmail.orst.edu (Phillip Sollins)
Subject: Re: e-mail address
To: "James M. Cervino" <cnidaria@earthlink.net>,
        coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Description: cc:Mail note part
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: sollinsp@ccmail.orst.edu (Phillip Sollins)
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 217
  In the ISRS Membership Directory, p. 9, I see Rod Fujita,
  rod@edf.org.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Apr 22 14:07:07 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA15490 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 22 Apr 1999 14:07:06 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA03382; Thu, 22 Apr 1999 14:10:06 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma003350; Thu, 22 Apr 99 14:09:50 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 22 Apr 1999 14:07:03 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA36352; Thu, 22 Apr 1999 17:34:08 GMT
Received: from orbit34i.nesdis.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA36645; Thu, 22 Apr 1999 13:33:58 -0400 (EDT)
From: Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov
Received: from [140.90.197.121] ([140.90.197.121]) by orbit34i.nesdis.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/950213.SGI.AUTOCF) via SMTP id NAA06306; Thu, 22 Apr 1999 13:33:54 -0400
Date: Thu, 22 Apr 1999 13:33:54 -0400
Message-Id: <199904221733.NAA06306@orbit34i.nesdis.noaa.gov>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Subject: 1998 animations
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Cc: Ingrid Guch <iguch@nesdis.noaa.gov>
X-Mailer: SPRY Mail Version: 04.10.06.22
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: astrong@nesdis.noaa.gov
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 218
Bleaching Hotspots in animation, with locations [asterisks] of actual in-situ
reports, are now available for 1998 event...see below.
Comments appreciated.
AES
<---- Begin Forwarded Message ---->
Date: Thu, 22 Apr 1999 10:58:54 -0400
To: astrong@nesdis.noaa.gov
From: Ingrid Guch <iguch@nesdis.noaa.gov>
Subject: 1998 animations
Hi Al,
The 1998 HotSpot animations I had at the conference are now available on
the web at
http://psbsgi1.nesdis.noaa.gov:8080/PSB/EPS/SST/retro.html
There is a link from the climohot.html page as well.
tell all your friends!
:)
Ingrid.
Ingrid C. Guch
NOAA/NESDIS
*********************************************
phone: 301-457-5195
fax:   301-457-5199
email: iguch@nesdis.noaa.gov
Mailing Address:
E/SP13, RM 0315, FB-4
NOAA
5200 AUTH RD
SUITLAND MD 20746-4304
<----  End Forwarded Message  ---->
**** <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< *****
Alan E. Strong
  Phys Scientist/Oceanographer                    Adj Assoc Res Professor
  NOAA/NESDIS/ORA/ORAD -- E/RA3                    US Naval Academy
  NOAA Science Center -- RM 711W                    Oceanography Department
  5200 Auth Road                                        Annapolis, MD 21402
  Camp Springs, MD 20746-4304                            410-293-6550
        Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov
  301-763-8102 x170    FAX: 301-763-8108
          http://manati.wwb.noaa.gov/orad
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Apr 23 13:15:21 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA08608 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 23 Apr 1999 13:15:20 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA12134; Fri, 23 Apr 1999 13:18:21 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma012119; Fri, 23 Apr 99 13:17:49 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 23 Apr 1999 13:15:08 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA43187; Fri, 23 Apr 1999 16:36:46 GMT
Received: from mail.monterey.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA42850; Fri, 23 Apr 1999 12:36:40 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <fc.000f7aeb00d5ac10000f7aeb00d5ac10.d5aeff@monterey.edu>
Date: Fri, 23 Apr 1999 09:34:50 -0700
Subject: Tropical Marine Science - Akumal, Mexico
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Daniel_Shapiro@monterey.edu (Daniel Shapiro)
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Daniel_Shapiro@monterey.edu (Daniel Shapiro)
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from Quoted-Printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id NAA08608
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 219
COURSE ANNOUNCEMENT: TROPICAL MARINE SCIENCE (Cornell University and
Shoals Marine Laboratory)
This summer we will take 12 students to Akumal, a small town located on
the Caribbean coast of Mexico's Yucatn Peninsula.  Students will study
basic coral reef ecology and conservation, learn to identify local hard
and soft coral species, collect data for the Akumal Coral Reef Monitoring
Project, and design and implement independent research projects.  The
course is designed for undergraduate students interested in learning about
basic coral reef ecology, conservation, and underwater research.
Dates: June 5th - August 1st.
Credits: 12 Semester Credits (Cornell University)
Prerequisites: Recognized SCUBA certification, a medical examination, one
full year of college level biology, permission of instructor (Dr. Dan
Shapiro).
For more information, see our web page at:
http://www.sml.cornell.edu/Shoals/courses/akumal.html
or contact either:
Shoals Marine Laboratory
Cornell University
G-14Y Stimson Hall
Ithaca, NY  14853-7101
email: shoals-lab@cornell.edu
phone: 607-255-3717
Web Site: http://www.sml.cornell.edu
or
Dr. Dan Shapiro (course instructor)
Institute for Earth Systems Science and Policy
California State University Monterey Bay
100 Campus Center
Seaside, CA  93955-8001
email: daniel_shapiro@monterey.edu
phone: 408-582-3090
fax: 408-582-3057
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Apr 23 16:30:55 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA14961 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 23 Apr 1999 16:30:55 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA00193; Fri, 23 Apr 1999 16:33:55 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma000176; Fri, 23 Apr 99 16:33:19 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 23 Apr 1999 16:30:41 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA33061; Fri, 23 Apr 1999 20:15:42 GMT
Received: from relay7.UU.NET by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA44302; Fri, 23 Apr 1999 16:15:37 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from sailfish.hboi.edu by relay7.UU.NET with ESMTP
	(peer crosschecked as: [208.219.69.3])
	id QQgmfp21823
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 23 Apr 1999 16:15:34 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by SAILFISH with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2232.9)
	id <2PNXNX8T>; Fri, 23 Apr 1999 16:17:48 -0400
Message-Id: <705E975A40BED211949800105A1C2F4C273B2F@SAILFISH>
From: Jose Lopez <lopez@HBOI.edu>
To: "'coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov'" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Final announcement: Course on Molecular Studies of Marine Biological diversity, Indian River Lagoon and Andros Island Bahamas
Date: Fri, 23 Apr 1999 16:17:46 -0400
MIME-Version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2232.9)
Content-Type: text/plain
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jose Lopez <lopez@HBOI.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 220
Dear researchers,
Registration for the following course closes next week.
Molecular Studies of Marine Biological Diversity, May 23 to June 5, 1999
Study of intra- and interspecific genetic variation of selected marine
invertebrates.  Laboratory and field studies will compare diversity found
among tropical mangrove and coral reef habitats in the Indian River Lagoon
and Andros Island, Bahamas.  In a marine conservation and molecular ecology
context, lectures and practical laboratory work will cover modern techniques
such as invertebrate tissue preparation, DNA purification, genomic
fingerprinting, the polymerase
chain reaction (PCR) and molecular phylogenetic analyses.  Experiential
learning through integration into a Bahamian "out-island" community will
also be emphasized.  Open to upper level biology students and teachers. 3
semester hours credit.  The course will begin on the campus of Harbor Branch
Oceanographic Institution, Ft. Pierce, FL. Course fees of $1790.00 and
$251.00 per credit hour (non-VA resident), include lab fees, tuition,
accommodation and travel to the Bahamas Environmental Research Center
(operated by George Mason University's Center for Field Studies) Andros
Island.   Dr. Jose V. Lopez (Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution, course
instructor).
For more information please contact Jill Sunderland, 800-333-(HBOI), X506,
Kristina Jones, 703-993-1436 or 993-1740 (GMU), and
visit the following websites:
http://www.ido.gmu.edu/andros
http://www.geocities.com/RainForest/Vines/8169
and
http://www.hboi.edu/education/courses.html
[Laboratory supplies for the course will be kindly provided in part by MJ
Research, Novex Electrophoresis, Amersham Pharmacia Biotech and VWR
Scientific Products.]
Jose V. Lopez, Ph.D.
Assistant Scientist
Division of Biomedical Marine Research
Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution
5600 US 1 North
Ft. Pierce, FL 34946
PH: 800-333-4264, ext 478
F: 561-461-2221
http://www.hboi.edu
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Apr 24 10:29:31 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA23924 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 24 Apr 1999 10:29:31 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA25581; Sat, 24 Apr 1999 10:33:58 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma025568; Sat, 24 Apr 99 10:33:30 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 24 Apr 1999 10:30:51 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA48565; Sat, 24 Apr 1999 14:11:50 GMT
Received: from mail1.caribsurf.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA46167; Sat, 24 Apr 1999 10:11:40 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from mardigan ([205.214.206.101])
	by mail1.caribsurf.com (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id KAA17501
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 24 Apr 1999 10:11:36 -0400 (GMT-0400)
Message-Id: <000401be8e75$20b679a0$65ced6cd@mardigan>
From: "Trish of Serendipity Adventures" <ecosail@caribsurf.com>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: reef survey at Sombrero
Date: Thu, 22 Apr 1999 18:10:32 -0600
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_005F_01BE8CEB.690FD100"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.3110.1
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Trish of Serendipity Adventures" <ecosail@caribsurf.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 221
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_005F_01BE8CEB.690FD100
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
 Sombrero Island close to Anguilla is touted to have a rocket launching =
site put on it by Beal Aerospace of Texas.  The EA done for Beal is =
quite defective and  comments or summary of the EA done by Clive =
Petrovic  in The BVI are available to anyone interested.  The EA took =
liitle to no account of the surrounding waters/reefs of Sombrero.   ARK, =
 The Association of Reef Keepers in the BVI  is seeking funding or a =
boat to take a group of divers there to do a rapid assesment of the  =
reefs.  Anyone who knows where we can find the funding or the boat =
please contact me - Trish Baily  ecosail@caribsurf.com
------=_NextPart_000_005F_01BE8CEB.690FD100
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META content=3Dtext/html;charset=3Diso-8859-1 =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D'"MSHTML 4.72.3110.7"' name=3DGENERATOR>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>&nbsp;Sombrero Island close to =
Anguilla is=20
touted to have a rocket launching site put on it by Beal Aerospace of=20
Texas.&nbsp; The EA done for Beal is quite defective and&nbsp; comments =
or=20
summary of the EA done by Clive Petrovic&nbsp; in The BVI are available =
to=20
anyone interested.&nbsp; The EA took liitle to no account of the =
surrounding=20
waters/reefs of Sombrero.&nbsp;&nbsp; ARK,&nbsp; The Association of Reef =
Keepers=20
in the BVI&nbsp; is seeking funding or a boat to take a group of divers =
there to=20
do a rapid assesment of the&nbsp; reefs.&nbsp; Anyone who knows where we =
can=20
find the funding or the boat please contact me - Trish Baily&nbsp;=20
ecosail@caribsurf.com</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_000_005F_01BE8CEB.690FD100--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Apr 25 21:42:28 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id VAA08233 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 25 Apr 1999 21:42:27 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA01656; Sun, 25 Apr 1999 21:46:56 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma001645; Sun, 25 Apr 99 21:46:45 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sun, 25 Apr 1999 21:43:58 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id BAA57677; Mon, 26 Apr 1999 01:14:05 GMT
Received: from srvlinux2.elogica.com.br by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id VAA56406; Sun, 25 Apr 1999 21:13:55 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from free.elogica.com.br (host217-181.elogica.com.br [200.249.217.181])
	by srvlinux2.elogica.com.br (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id VAA26967
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 25 Apr 1999 21:01:35 -0300
Message-Id: <3723BE6D.FCF2FC9@free.elogica.com.br>
Date: Sun, 25 Apr 1999 22:16:29 -0300
From: Alfredo Matos Moura <alfmoura@majordomo.elogica.com.br>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.03 [en] (Win95; I)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Diatoms
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Alfredo Matos Moura <alfmoura@majordomo.elogica.com.br>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 222
Dear all.
I am post graduated student from northeast of Brazil and I am working
with diatoms associated to coral reef in Tamandare's beach rocks.
Does anyone knows papers about diatoms associated to coral reefs ?
Alfredo Moura
Univeidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco - Brazil
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Apr 26 10:18:14 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA17067 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 26 Apr 1999 10:18:13 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA25531; Mon, 26 Apr 1999 10:22:41 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma025483; Mon, 26 Apr 99 10:22:11 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 26 Apr 1999 10:19:23 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA61644; Mon, 26 Apr 1999 13:54:37 GMT
Received: from postoffice2.mail.cornell.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id JAA60673; Mon, 26 Apr 1999 09:54:25 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from [132.236.111.155] ([132.236.111.155])
	by postoffice2.mail.cornell.edu (8.8.8/8.8.8) with ESMTP id JAA28382
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 26 Apr 1999 09:54:23 -0400 (EDT)
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
X-Sender: ljr5@postoffice4.mail.cornell.edu
Message-Id: <v04011704b34a1ff019a1@[132.236.111.155]>
Date: Mon, 26 Apr 1999 09:54:24 -0400
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Laurie Jeanne Raymundo <ljr5@cornell.edu>
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Laurie Jeanne Raymundo <ljr5@cornell.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 223
Hi, Coral-List:
I need to ask for some advise about staining coral spat.  I will be looking
at settlement this summer and am trying to figure out a way to stain spat
so they are easier to census.  I won't have to worry about keeping them
alive, but the settlement plates I use are CaCO3, so, I want something that
the colonies will absorb, but not the plates.  Would Alizarin Red be okay
for this?  Has anybody tried anything like this that has worked?
Thanks
Laurie
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Apr 26 14:01:11 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA25844 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 26 Apr 1999 14:01:11 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA16232; Mon, 26 Apr 1999 14:04:44 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma016176; Mon, 26 Apr 99 14:04:16 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 26 Apr 1999 14:01:37 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA62490; Mon, 26 Apr 1999 17:40:45 GMT
Received: from pisces.tcg.sgi.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA61912; Mon, 26 Apr 1999 13:40:34 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from default (dap-209-114-166-168.pm4-1-s3.eth.pgh.pa.stargate.net [209.114.166.168])
	by pisces.tcg.sgi.net (StarGate/4.0.24) with SMTP id NAA04385
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 26 Apr 1999 13:40:32 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <199904261740.NAA04385@pisces.tcg.sgi.net>
From: "Wendy Jo" <slkyshrk@sgi.net>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Date: Mon, 26 Apr 1999 13:44:47 -0500
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
Subject: The Worldwatch Report: Coral death -- Disaster in the making
X-Confirm-Reading-To: slkyshrk@sgi.net
X-pmrqc: 1
Priority: normal
X-mailer: Pegasus Mail for Win32 (v3.01d)
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Wendy Jo" <slkyshrk@sgi.net>
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from Quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id OAA25844
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 224
Thought some of you might be interested in this article from ENN
http://www.enn.com/features/1999/04/042699/reefs_2845.asp
Best,
Wendy Shemansky
 (_`._(_`._(_`._.'_)_.'_)_.'_)_(_`._(_`._(_`._.'_)_.'_)_.'_)
Wendy Shemansky
Environmental News Director, Secretary
West Penn Scuba Divers
311 Biddle Ave
Pittsburgh, PA 15221
(412)244-3318
slkyshrk@sgi.net
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Apr 27 09:10:01 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA14909 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 27 Apr 1999 09:10:00 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA28747; Tue, 27 Apr 1999 09:13:32 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028655; Tue, 27 Apr 99 09:13:05 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 27 Apr 1999 09:10:20 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA67353; Tue, 27 Apr 1999 12:39:20 GMT
Received: from hulkhovis.rdc.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id IAA68385; Tue, 27 Apr 1999 08:39:14 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from ogp.noaa.gov (quickmail.ogp.noaa.gov [140.90.171.10])
	by hulkhovis.rdc.noaa.gov (8.9.1a/8.9.1) with SMTP id IAA11687;
	Tue, 27 Apr 1999 08:39:11 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <n1286920143.41739@ogp.noaa.gov>
Date: 27 Apr 1999 08:38:52 U
From: "Mark Eakin" <Mark.Eakin@noaa.gov>
Subject: Re:
To: "Laurie Jeanne Raymundo" <ljr5@cornell.edu>
Cc: "Recipients of coral-list" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
X-Mailer: Mail*Link SMTP-QM 4.1.0
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII"; Name="Message Body"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Mark Eakin" <eakin@ogp.noaa.gov>
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id JAA14909
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 225
        Reply to:   RE>
Alizarin Red is a vital stain so it will only stain by biological uptake.
Your non-living plates should remain unstained, but corals should incorporate
it into their skeletons.  Also, if you have crustose corallines algae, they
will incorporate the stain into their skeletons as well.
My major concern would be finding the small amount of stain in the small
skeleton of the spat.  However, the technique should work.
Cheers,
Mark
--------------------------------------
Date: 4/26/99 11:37
To: Mark Eakin
From: Laurie Jeanne Raymundo
Hi, Coral-List:
I need to ask for some advise about staining coral spat.  I will be looking
at settlement this summer and am trying to figure out a way to stain spat
so they are easier to census.  I won't have to worry about keeping them
alive, but the settlement plates I use are CaCO3, so, I want something that
the colonies will absorb, but not the plates.  Would Alizarin Red be okay
for this?  Has anybody tried anything like this that has worked?
Thanks
Laurie
------------------ RFC822 Header Follows ------------------
Received: by ogp.noaa.gov with ADMIN;26 Apr 1999 11:35:36 U
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA61644; Mon, 26 Apr 1999 13:54:37 GMT
Received: from postoffice2.mail.cornell.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP
(980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id JAA60673; Mon, 26 Apr 1999 09:54:25
-0400 (EDT)
Received: from [132.236.111.155] ([132.236.111.155])
	by postoffice2.mail.cornell.edu (8.8.8/8.8.8) with ESMTP id JAA28382
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 26 Apr 1999 09:54:23 -0400 (EDT)
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
X-Sender: ljr5@postoffice4.mail.cornell.edu
Message-Id: <v04011704b34a1ff019a1@[132.236.111.155]>
Date: Mon, 26 Apr 1999 09:54:24 -0400
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Laurie Jeanne Raymundo <ljr5@cornell.edu>
Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Laurie Jeanne Raymundo <ljr5@cornell.edu>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Apr 27 09:10:01 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA14908 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 27 Apr 1999 09:10:01 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA28743; Tue, 27 Apr 1999 09:13:33 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028650; Tue, 27 Apr 99 09:13:04 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 27 Apr 1999 09:10:15 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA68112; Tue, 27 Apr 1999 12:31:23 GMT
Date: Tue, 27 Apr 1999 12:31:23 GMT
Message-Id: <199904271231.MAA68112@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: GLOVER <glover@btl.net>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Glover's Reef Marine Research Station website
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: GLOVER <glover@btl.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 226
> Dear Coral List:
>
> The website for the WILDLIFE CONSERVATION SOCIETY'S "GLOVER'S REEF
> MARINE RESEARCH STATION" in Belize, Central America has been updated and
> republished at <www.belizeweb.com\wcscoral>. You are invited to call up
> the website to find out what's going on there.
>
> TOM BRIGHT, Station Manager <glover@btl.net>
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Apr 27 12:08:32 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA20598 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 27 Apr 1999 12:08:32 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA16837; Tue, 27 Apr 1999 12:11:33 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma016801; Tue, 27 Apr 99 12:11:06 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 27 Apr 1999 12:08:27 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA59020; Tue, 27 Apr 1999 15:45:00 GMT
Received: from biology.ucsc.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA58897; Tue, 27 Apr 1999 11:44:53 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from dhcp-25-58.UCSC.EDU (dhcp-25-58.UCSC.EDU [128.114.25.147]) by biology.ucsc.edu (8.8.8/8.6.11) with ESMTP id IAA07084; Tue, 27 Apr 1999 08:43:30 -0700 (PDT)
Date: Tue, 27 Apr 1999 08:41:27 -0700 (Pacific Daylight Time)
From: Donald Potts <potts@biology.ucsc.edu>
To: Mark Eakin <eakin@ogp.noaa.gov>
cc: Laurie Jeanne Raymundo <ljr5@cornell.edu>,
        Recipients of coral-list <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Re:
In-Reply-To: <n1286920143.41739@ogp.noaa.gov>
Message-Id: <Pine.WNT.4.10.9904270837460.-3158361-100000@potts.ucsc.edu>
X-X-Sender: potts@darwin.ucsc.edu
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Donald Potts <potts@biology.ucsc.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 227
Dear Laurie,
In addition to Alizarin Red S, people have also used the antibiotic
tetracycline which also acts as a vital stain that is incorporated in
skeleton as it is being precipitated. It fluoresces bright yellow under UV
light, I've had success with tetracycline sold in tropical fish stores
Don Potts
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Apr 28 05:23:27 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id FAA09491 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 28 Apr 1999 05:23:26 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id FAA15362; Wed, 28 Apr 1999 05:27:58 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma015352; Wed, 28 Apr 99 05:27:55 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 28 Apr 1999 05:25:10 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id IAA73946; Wed, 28 Apr 1999 08:55:45 GMT
Received: from kmf.gu.se by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id EAA72976; Wed, 28 Apr 1999 04:55:35 -0400 (EDT)
From: U.Lindahl@kmf.gu.se
Received: from ulfl (130.241.161.13) by kmf.gu.se
 with SMTP (Eudora Internet Mail Server 1.3.1); Wed, 28 Apr 1999 10:00:20 +0200
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Date: Wed, 28 Apr 1999 10:54:10 +0000
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT
Subject: Low-tech rehabilitation of coral reefs
X-Confirm-Reading-To: U.Lindahl@kmf.gu.se
X-pmrqc: 1
Priority: normal
X-mailer: Pegasus Mail for Win32 (v3.01a)
Message-Id: <1286828876-295867422@kmf.gu.se>
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: U.Lindahl@kmf.gu.se
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 228
ANNOUNCING THE FORMATION OF:
THE LOW-TECH ACTION GROUP
FOR CORAL REEF RESTORATION (LTAG)
Purpose/Aim:
To develop and disseminate inexpensive, low-tech, coral
reef restoration
and coral cover enhancement methods appropriate for
use in "third world"
nations and for use by rural fishing communities.
Rationale:
Some 70% of the planet's coral reefs are owned and
controlled by rural
fishing communities, not by national or state
governments.  These rural
fishing communities are primary stewards of the planet's
coral reef
biodiversity, and are a chief force of destruction as well.
The future of
coral reefs is very much in the hands of coastal village
communities, but
this fact is under-recognized by researchers and the
international
community at present.
Most coral reef restoration research focuses on repairing
damage due to
ship groundings, or attempts to enhance the recruitment
of coral larvae.
While important in situations of the developed world,
these methods do not
address the needs of most of the planet's coral reefs
due to their
high-tech and expensive nature.
Many fishing communities are already acutely aware
that there is severe
problem with declining coral reef resources, being
directly impacted by
overfishing and habitat destruction.  Many of these
communities are
becoming increasingly receptive to understanding the
reasons for fisheries
demise/coral reef decline.  In areas where destructive
fishing methods
have been discontinued, the application of low-tech
methods to restore
coral reefs within traditional fishing areas becomes
possible.
Founding members:
Ulf Lindahl, Sweden (working in Tanzania and the Indian
Ocean)	ulindahl@kmf.gu.se
Helen Fox, USA (working in Indonesia)
hfox@socrates.berkeley.edu
Austin Bowden-Kerby (working in Fiji, S. Pacific and
Caribbean) bowdenkerby@is.com.fj
Those of similar research focus and concern, please join
us!
Please direct inquires to each of the above members.
The first LTAG general meeting is tentatively planned to
be associated
with the ICRS meetings in Bali, Indonesia, 2000.
Ulf Lindahl
Kristineberg Marine Research Station
450 34 Fiskebackskil
Sweden
Tel. +46 523 18518
Fax  +46 523 18502
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Apr 28 08:24:53 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA13856 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 28 Apr 1999 08:24:52 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA20630; Wed, 28 Apr 1999 08:28:25 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma020580; Wed, 28 Apr 99 08:27:34 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 28 Apr 1999 08:24:48 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id LAA73878; Wed, 28 Apr 1999 11:54:48 GMT
Date: Wed, 28 Apr 1999 11:54:48 GMT
Message-Id: <199904281154.LAA73878@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: Deborah Danaher <DDanaher@DCCMC.ORG>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: FL Keys Conservation Position Announcement
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Deborah Danaher <DDanaher@DCCMC.ORG>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 229
POSITION ANNOUNCEMENT
The Center for Marine Conservation (CMC), a non profit marine conservation
organization, announces the availability of a position for a Project
Manager in our Key West, Florida office.  CMC, established in 1972, is
committed to protecting ocean environments and conserving the global
abundance and diversity of marine life.  Through science-based advocacy,
research and public education, CMC promotes informed citizen participation
to reverse the degradation of our oceans.  CMC, headquartered in
Washington, DC has regional offices in Virginia Beach, Virginia, St.
Petersburg, Florida, and San Francisco, California.
BASIC FUNCTIONS:
Plans, executes and manages projects and the Florida Keys Field Office to
achieve CMC's ecosystem protection policies, primarily for the Florida
Keys and adjacent tropical and subtropical Western Atlantic, with an
emphasis on advocacy and community support.
SPECIFIC RESPONSIBILITIES:
Responsible for all aspects of Florida Keys Field Office including
community, public, media, and government relations. Manages specific
Ecosystem Protection projects and activities including those focused on
resource protection within the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary
(FKNMS), especially those related to marine zoning and water quality
protection.  Oversees project development, planning and implementation;
and carries budgetary, fundraising, and supervisory responsibilities, as
appropriate.  Identifies, acquires and enhances professional knowledge of,
and documents current and emerging ecosystem protection issues and trends
affecting the Florida Keys and related marine ecosystems.  Provides
leadership on these issues by developing, implementing, and managing new
ecosystem protection projects to address them.
Oversees, researches, formulates, and advocates science-based ecosystem
protection policies to federal and state regulators, legislators, media, and
public, on issues including marine reserves, sanctuaries, zoning, and water
quality (especially nutrient and sewage pollution). Establishes and
maintains cooperative working relationships with colleagues in government
agencies (especially NOAA and the FLDEP), conservation groups and other
non-governmental organizations, scientific and academic communities, and
business and other community leaders.
Represents CMC on local advisory boards, councils, committees, and
commissions.  Leads, organizes, manages, and participates in coalitions to
implement CMC's ecosystem protection programs.  Furthers CMC's ecosystem
protection goals by developing and presenting, in consultation with the
Ecosystem Director, relevant CMC positions through research, writing,
commenting, testifying and lobbying.  Develops and produces position
papers, other publications and reports, and educational and advocacy
materials, in cooperation with Headquarters staff.
Develops and implements legislative goals and strategies to advance
ecosystem protection, especially at the state level, in consultation with
the Ecosystem Director.  Plans and executes lobbying efforts to achieve
these goals via identified strategies.  Represents CMC by presenting and
explaining CMC positions on ecosystem protection to executive and
legislative branch officials and staff, the media and public.  Provides
regional perspective and support for national ecosystem protection
efforts.
Works with the Ecosystem Director and the Development Department, to
conceptualize, draft, and present proposals for support of CMC's ecosystem
protection activities to potential funders.  In consultation with the
Department of Communications and the Director of Constituency Development,
informs members, activists, the media, and the public via press releases,
news conferences, articles, workshops, brochures, action alerts, and
interviews.  Develops ideas and cultivates opportunities for Citizen
Outreach and Monitoring Program activities to further ecosystem protection
goals.
QUALIFICATIONS:
Minimum of a graduate degree in marine, environmental, or political
science and five years in conservation advocacy; or a college degree in
closely related field and ten years relevant professional experience.
Proven record of achievement and demonstrated competence.  Familiarity
with ecosystem protection policies; marine sanctuary and reserves, zoning,
protected areas, and water quality protection.  Detailed knowledge of and
experience with Florida Keys environment and issues, and related local,
state, and national level politics, policies, processes, and players
highly desirable.  Strong communications and organizational skills;
demonstrated ability to run campaigns, mobilize citizens and volunteers;
and Monroe Co. residency or willingness to relocate essential.
TO APPLY SEND COVER LETTER AND RESUME TO:
CMC
Project Manager, Florida Keys POSITION
1725 DESALES ST.  NW #600
WASHINGTON, D. C.  20036
EOE
===============================
Deborah Danaher
Center for Marine Conservation
1725 DeSales Street, NW  #600
Washington, DC 20037
202-429-5609 ext. 258
202-872-0619 fax
ddanaher@dccmc.org
http://www.cmc-ocean.org
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Apr 28 23:42:48 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id XAA06213 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 28 Apr 1999 23:42:47 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id XAA11390; Wed, 28 Apr 1999 23:46:22 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma011378; Wed, 28 Apr 99 23:46:04 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 28 Apr 1999 23:43:24 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id DAA76659; Thu, 29 Apr 1999 03:16:52 GMT
Received: from pop01.globecomm.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id XAA79658; Wed, 28 Apr 1999 23:16:47 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from default (chi-qbu-nvm-vty168.as.wcom.net [216.192.168.168]) by pop01.globecomm.net (8.9.0/8.8.0) with SMTP id XAA24476 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 28 Apr 1999 23:16:16 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <3727CE72.3BAC@mail.org>
Date: Wed, 28 Apr 1999 23:13:58 -0400
From: Mike Nolan <rainforest@mail.org>
Organization: Rainforest and Reef 501(c)(3) non-profit
X-Mailer: Mozilla 3.01Gold (Win95; I)
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: MARINE BIOLOGY and RAINFOREST WORKSHOPS
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Mike Nolan <rainforest@mail.org>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from Quoted-Printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id XAA06213
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 230
MARINE BIOLOGY and RAINFOREST WORKSHOPS
After reviewing the brief program descriptions outlined below, please
consider offering these opportunities to Students, Faculty, Staff and
other interested parties....detailed itineraries are available upon
request. Thank you.
Sincerely,
Mike Nolan
***********************************************************
Rainforest and Reef 501 (c)(3) non-profit
29 Prospect NE Suite #8
Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503 USA
Phone/Fax: (616) 776-5928/E-mail: rainforest@mail.org
***********************************************************
*Sites: Belize, Costa Rica, Honduras, Panama, Ecuador, Peru and
southeast Alaska
*Workshops are field oriented and focus on natural history, rainforest
and marine ecology, conservation, land management, medicinal uses of
native plants, local cultures, archaeology and geology
*Customized programs can be designed for "specialty groups"
*Instruction features local Biologists and naturalist Guides
*Proceeds go to organization operating Workshops in each country and
help support valuable conservation and education projects
*Three Undergraduate or Graduate credits in the Natural Sciences or
Education are available for attending through Aquinas College of Grand
Rapids, Michigan (www.aquinas.edu)
*Workshops are sponsored by Rainforest and Reef, a 501(c)(3) non-profit
corporation based in Grand Rapids, Michigan USA
*During 1998 our Workshops included participants from 40 states, 4
Canadian Provinces, England, South Africa, Australia and Brazil. Forty
three universities were represented by faculty and students, along
science professionals, high school groups and lay people with an
interest in natural history and other topics covered in our programs.
For 1999 we presently have groups from Penn State, Purdue, University of
Maine, University of Connecticut, College of New Jersey, Muhlenberg
College of Pennsylvania, Calvin College of Michigan and a number of
junior colleges and high schools.
                                BELIZE
Length: 14 Days/13 Nights
Cost: $980.00 per person
Host/Course Coordinator: Belize Tropical Education Center/Tony Garel,
Belize City, Belize
Topics Covered:
*Tropical Moist Forest Ecology
*Marine Ecology
*Mayan Archaeology
*Garifuna Culture
Highlights:
*Community Baboon Sanctuary
*Chan Chich Lodge and surrounding tropical moist forest
*Ro Bravo Conservation and Management Area
*Chaa Creek Natural History Center and Blue Morpho Butterfly Farm
*Ix Chel Farm and Panti Medicinal Plant Trail
*Cockscomb Basin Wildlife Sanctuary and Jaguar Preserve
*Garifuna drumming and dancing
*Mayan site of Xunantunich
*South Water Caye
*Great Barrier Reef of Belize and nearby marine ecosystems including,
grass beds, patch reefs, mangroves
*Sea bird rookeries
                                COSTA RICA
Length: 12 Days/11 Nights
Cost: $850.00 per person
Host/Course Coordinator: Juan Pablo Bello Carranza, Las Juntas, Costa
Rica
Topics Covered:
*Tropical Rainforest and Dry Forest Ecology
*Conservation and Land Management
*Geology/Volcanoes
Highlights:
*Monteverde Cloudforest Reserve
*International Children's Rainforest Reserve
*Santa Elena Cloudforest Reserve
*Arenal Volcano
*Palo Verde National Park
*Tempisque River trip
*Santa Rosa National Park
*Costa Rican cattle and dairy ranch
*Abangares gold mines, Ecological Museum and Butterfly Garden
*Reforestation project along banks of the Abangares River
*Mist-netting and study of vampire bats
*Evening presentations on local cultures, medicinal uses of rainforest
plants, sustainable uses of forests and Costa Rican history
*Post-Course extensions to Corcovado and Tortuguero National Parks
                                HONDURAS
Length: 14 Days/13 Nights
Cost: $860.00 per person
Host/Course Coordinator: REHDES/Jerry Haylock, La Ceiba, Honduras
Topics Covered:
*Tropical Rainforest and Marine Ecology
*Conservation and Land Management
*Mayan Archaeology
*Garifuna Culture
Highlights:
*Mayan site of Copan
*Village of Tela and traditional Garifuna music and dance
*Lancetilla Botanical Garden and Research Center
*Jeannette Kawas National Park
*Cuero and Salado Wildlife Refuge
*Pico Bonito National Park
*Bay Island of Utila
*Marine ecosystems, including coral reefs, mangroves and tidal pools
*Evening presentations on conservation, rainforest and marine ecology
*Butterfly Farm and Museum
*White-Water Rafting on the Canjegral River
*Post-Course extension to La Mosquitia and the Ro Pltano Biosphere
Reserve
                                PANAMA
Length: 14 Days/13 Nights
Cost: $1100.00 per person
Host/Course Coordinator: Win Rice, Panama City, Panama
Topics Covered:
*Tropical Rainforest and Marine Ecology
*Conservation and Land Management
*Geology/Volcanoes
*Indian Cultures
*R.O.P.E.
Highlights:
*Chagres National Park
*R.O.P.E. Course
*Mist-netting and study of birds and bats
*White-water rafting on the Piedres and Chagres Rivers
*Embera Indian village of Parara Puru
*Panama Viejo (old Panama City), colonial city and modern-day Panama
City
*Panama Canal
*El Cano Archaeological Park
*Bastimentos National Park and the Bocas del Toro Archipelago
*Marine ecosystems including, mangroves, grass beds and coral reefs
*Gnobe and Bugle Indian cultures
*La Fortuna Nature Reserve
*Highland mountain village of Boquete
*Baru Volcano and National Park
*Orchid, fruit and coffee plantations
*Evening presentations on tropical medicine/jungle first-aid and orchids
of Panama
*Post-Course partial and complete Panama Canal transits
                                ECUADOR
Length: 14 Days/13 Nights
Cost: $1050.00 per person
Host/Course Coordinator: Jatun Sacha Foundation/Dr. Michael McColm,
Ph.D., Quito, Ecuador
Topics Covered:
*Tropical Rainforest Ecology
*Biodiversity
*Conservation and Land Management
*Quichua Indian Culture
Highlights:
*Quito
*Andes Mountain Range
*Alpine and cloudforest ecosystems
*Jatun Sacha Biological Station and surrounding tropical rainforest
*Plant Conservation Center
*Solo experience in the rainforest
*Animal Rehabilitation Center
*Local Shaman's nursery, home visit and "cleansing" demonstration
*Quichua Indian village of Capirona
*Avenue of the Volcanoes
*Highland Indians and villages of Ecuador
*Banos
*Evening presentations on a variety of rainforest and conservation
topics
*Post-Course extension to the Galpagos Islands and/or Cuzco and the
Lost City of the Incas-Machu Picchu
                                PERU
Length: 15 Days/14 Nights
Cost: $1145.00 per person
Host/Course Coordinator: Dr. Paul Beaver, Ph.D., Indian Shores, Florida
Topics Covered:
*Tropical Rainforest Ecology
*Biodiversity
*Conservation and Land Management
*Indian Culture
Highlights:
*Amazon River
*Tamshiyacu-Tahuayo Biological Reserve-included by Audubon Magazine on
its list of top 50 ecologically based tour destinations in the world
(Sep/Oct 1998)
*Fourteen primate species
*Evening cruise on the Tahuayo River
*Pink freshwater dolphins of Charro Lake
*Caiman Lake
*Jungle community of Santa Ana
*Giant lilypads of Barbasco Lake
*Local Shaman "good luck-good health" ceremony
*Rainforest canopy experience
*Camping on the interior of the Tamshiyacu-Tahuayo Reserve
*Local Indian village market
*Post-Course extension to the Galpagos Islands and/or Cuzco and the
Lost City of the Incas-Machu Picchu
                           SOUTHEAST ALASKA
Length: 14 Days/13 Nights
Cost: $995.00
Host/Course Coordinator: David Berg, Petersburg, Alaska
Topics Covered:
*Temperate Rainforest and Marine Ecology
*Conservation and Land Management
*Marine Mammals
*Geology/Glaciers/Volcanoes
*Indian Cultures
*Russian History
Highlights:
*White-water rafting on the Sauk River in Washington state
*Cascade Mountain Range
*Inside Passage of southeast Alaska
*Wrangell
*Petroglyph Beach
*Petersburg
*Sea kayaking
*Whale watching in Frederick Sound
*LeConte glacier
*Camping in temperate rainforest
*Starrigavan Bay estuary and near-shore tide pools
*Harbor Mountain-Gavan Hill Trail hike and camp
*Mount Edgecumbe hike and camp
*Tlingit Native dancing and cultural experience
*Sitka Historical Park
*Sheldon Jackson Museum and its collection of Native artifacts
*Sage Science Center and fish hatchery
*Sitka Raptor Rehabilitation Center
             CONTACT US FOR DETAILED WORKSHOP ITINERARIES
                  REFERENCES AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST
 		Rainforest and Reef 501(c)(3) non-profit
         29 Prospect NE Suite #8 Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503 USA
 	  Phone/Fax: (616) 776-5928/E-mail: rainforest@mail.org
                        WORKSHOP DATES 1999*
Number Course by order of preference with #1 being your first choice.
Spaces are filled on a first-come first-serve basis. Please be aware
that Courses are popular and may fill quickly. It is recommended that
you register as early as possible.
BELIZE: 14 D/13 N         Jun 15-28_____   Jul 13-26_____  Aug 3-16_____
COSTA RICA: 12 D/11 N     Jun 14-25_____   Jul 12-23_____  Aug 9-20_____
HONDURAS: 14 D/13 N       Jun 10-23_____    Jul 8-21_____  Aug 5-18_____
PANAMA: 14 D/13 N         Jun 12-25_____   Jul 10-23_____  Aug 7-20_____
ECUADOR: 14 D/13 N        Jun 17-30_____   Jul 15-28_____  Aug 4-17_____
PERU**: 15 D/14 N Jun 26-Jul 10_____  Jul 10-24_____  Jul 24-Aug 7 _____
**Our Peru Workshop can be offered to individuals and groups on most
Saturdays throughout the year.
SE ALASKA: 14 D/13 N        Jun 17-30_____  Jul 4-17_____ Jul 18-31_____
*Other dates throughout the year are available upon request
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Apr 29 04:34:36 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id EAA08815 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 29 Apr 1999 04:34:35 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id EAA18861; Thu, 29 Apr 1999 04:38:09 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma018850; Thu, 29 Apr 99 04:38:00 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 29 Apr 1999 04:35:21 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id IAA79603; Thu, 29 Apr 1999 08:09:48 GMT
Received: from dep.biol.rug.nl by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id EAA80362; Thu, 29 Apr 1999 04:09:40 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from biol1.biol.rug.nl (biol1.biol.rug.nl [129.125.144.2])
	by dep.biol.rug.nl (8.9.3/8.9.3/Debian/GNU) with ESMTP id KAA00375
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 29 Apr 1999 10:09:34 +0200
Received: from BIOL1/SpoolDir by biol1.biol.rug.nl (Mercury 1.44);
    29 Apr 99 10:09:44 MET
Received: from SpoolDir by BIOL1 (Mercury 1.44); 29 Apr 99 10:09:35 MET
From: "O.Diekmann" <O.Diekmann@biol.rug.nl>
Organization: Department of Biology RuG
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Date: Thu, 29 Apr 1999 10:09:30 MET
Subject: e-nail address
X-Confirm-Reading-To: "O.Diekmann" <diekmann@biol.rug.nl>
X-pmrqc: 1
Priority: normal
X-mailer: Pegasus Mail for Windows (v3.01d)
Message-Id: <5085C332287@biol1.biol.rug.nl>
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "O.Diekmann" <O.Diekmann@biol.rug.nl>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 231
<color><param>0100,0100,0100</param>Hello all,
I'm looking for the email addess of <bold> Z. Billinghurst.</bold> He's not in the
address list of the coral list.
Thanks
<nofill>
Onno E. Diekmann <o.diekmann@biol.rug.nl>
University of Groningen
Dept. of Marine Biology
P.O. Box 14
9750 AA  Haren
tel. +31 50-363 2254
fax. +31 50-363 2261/363 5205
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Apr 29 10:03:30 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA14909 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 29 Apr 1999 10:03:30 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA07714; Thu, 29 Apr 1999 10:08:02 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma007667; Thu, 29 Apr 99 10:07:32 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 29 Apr 1999 10:04:51 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA82938; Thu, 29 Apr 1999 13:36:30 GMT
Message-Id: <199904291336.NAA82938@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Thu, 29 Apr 1999 09:30:08 -0400 (EDT)
From: "Coral.Workstation@coral.aoml.noaa.gov,
      NOAA/AOML" <coral@aoml.noaa.gov>
To: Coral-List <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Bleaching Archives updated
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Coral.Workstation@coral.aoml.noaa.gov,
          NOAA/AOML" <coral@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 232
Greetings,
	I'm afraid I've been a little remiss on this, but the coral
bleaching archives located on the CHAMP Web Page (www.coral.noaa.gov, go
to Archives, Coral Bleaching) have been updated.  Only those reports
posted to coral-list during October and November, 1998 have been added.
As a reminder, the format of the files is bYYMMDD.dat, so that a file name
of,
	b981117.dat
would be a report sent out on November 17, 1998.  Note that this does not
mean bleaching occurred on that date, this just means this is when the
report was distributed.
	If you have any updates to the coral bleaching archives since that
time, we would all greatly appreciate it if you could bring them to our
attention and post them to coral-list at your earliest convenience.  There
are several researchers who are working assiduously to update their
databases via this listing, and it would be of great benefit to them, as
well as informative to us all.
	Thank you so much for your time and gracious help.
	Sincerely yours,
	Jim Hendee
	CHAMP Admin
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Apr 29 10:09:07 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA15058 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 29 Apr 1999 10:09:06 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA08081; Thu, 29 Apr 1999 10:12:08 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma008010; Thu, 29 Apr 99 10:11:07 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 29 Apr 1999 10:08:29 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA82860; Thu, 29 Apr 1999 13:38:40 GMT
Message-Id: <199904291338.NAA82860@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Thu, 29 Apr 1999 17:44:54 +0800
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Allen Chen <cac@gate.sinica.edu.tw>
Subject: endemic Dascyllus damselfish for DNA work
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Allen Chen <cac@gate.sinica.edu.tw>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 233
Hi, coral-listers,
We are currently doing a mitochondrial DNA project on the reef
demselfishes, genus Dascyllus. We will be gratefully appreciated to anyone
who can help us collect the endemic species from the following geographic
regions. Or you know anyone in those regions that I can contact to get the
fish samples. Thanks!!!
Dascyllus marginatus from the RED SEA
Dascyllus albisella from the Hawaii
Dascyllus carneus from the eastern Africa
Dascyllus flavicandus from the Society Island (south-eastern Pacific)
Have a nice day!!!
Best Regards,
Chaolun Allen Chen, PhD
Assistant Research Fellow
R131, Evolutionary Ecology and Genetics of Coral Reef
Division of Evolutionary Zoology
Institute of Zoology, Academia Sinica
Nankang 115, Taipei
Taiwan
Ph: 886-2-2789-9549
Fax: 886-2-2785-8059
E-mail: cac@gate.sinica.edu.tw
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Apr 29 14:33:44 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA23416 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 29 Apr 1999 14:33:43 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA06338; Thu, 29 Apr 1999 14:37:17 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma006320; Thu, 29 Apr 99 14:37:09 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 29 Apr 1999 14:34:29 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA81799; Thu, 29 Apr 1999 18:01:15 GMT
Received: from mail.orst.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA84172; Thu, 29 Apr 1999 14:01:01 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from gateway-5.nws.orst.edu (gateway-5.nws.orst.edu [128.193.4.46])
	by mail.orst.edu (8.8.7/8.8.7) with SMTP id JAA04822;
	Thu, 29 Apr 1999 09:39:34 -0700 (PDT)
Received: from ccMail by gateway-5.nws.orst.edu
  (IMA Internet Exchange 2.12 Enterprise) id 00FF4CCA; Thu, 29 Apr 1999 11:03:12 -0700
Mime-Version: 1.0
Date: Thu, 29 Apr 1999 10:58:56 -0700
Message-Id: <00FF4CCA.3116@ccmail.orst.edu>
From: sollinsp@ccmail.orst.edu (Phillip Sollins)
Subject: Re: e-nail address
To: "O.Diekmann" <O.Diekmann@biol.rug.nl>, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Description: cc:Mail note part
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: sollinsp@ccmail.orst.edu (Phillip Sollins)
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 234
  Dear Coral-listers -- The ISRS directory really is a wonderful
  resource for e-mail addresses. E.g., Onno Diekmann is listed there
  as o.diekmann@biol.rug.nl
  Anybody know if there'll be a 1999 update of the directory?
  Cheers - Phil Sollins
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Apr 29 16:05:20 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA27502 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 29 Apr 1999 16:05:20 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA14853; Thu, 29 Apr 1999 16:08:22 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma014804; Thu, 29 Apr 99 16:07:55 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 29 Apr 1999 16:05:13 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA68757; Thu, 29 Apr 1999 19:36:55 GMT
Received: from mail.orst.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id PAA84439; Thu, 29 Apr 1999 15:36:46 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from gateway-5.nws.orst.edu (gateway-5.nws.orst.edu [128.193.4.46])
	by mail.orst.edu (8.8.7/8.8.7) with SMTP id LAA16036;
	Thu, 29 Apr 1999 11:15:27 -0700 (PDT)
Received: from ccMail by gateway-5.nws.orst.edu
  (IMA Internet Exchange 2.12 Enterprise) id 00FF52C4; Thu, 29 Apr 1999 12:39:10 -0700
Mime-Version: 1.0
Date: Thu, 29 Apr 1999 12:34:38 -0700
Message-Id: <00FF52C4.3116@ccmail.orst.edu>
From: sollinsp@ccmail.orst.edu (Phillip Sollins)
Subject: Out of my mind?
To: "O.Diekmann" <O.Diekmann@biol.rug.nl>, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Description: cc:Mail note part
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: sollinsp@ccmail.orst.edu (Phillip Sollins)
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 235
  Apparently doing too many things at once. Mea culpa.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Apr 29 22:31:07 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id WAA03112 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 29 Apr 1999 22:31:06 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA01456; Thu, 29 Apr 1999 22:34:41 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma001421; Thu, 29 Apr 99 22:34:15 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 29 Apr 1999 22:31:36 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id CAA86481; Fri, 30 Apr 1999 02:14:19 GMT
Message-Id: <199904300214.CAA86481@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: Coralmail1@aol.com
Date: Thu, 29 Apr 1999 19:45:48 EDT
Subject: Need coral spawning dates for 2000
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Coralmail1@aol.com
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 236
If anyone knows of a list of predicted dates for coral spawning around the
world for the year 2000, or if you can provide the dates for any particular
reef and we can aggregate them, please let me know by email.
Thank you for your help!
Ellen Horne
The Coral Reef Alliance
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Apr 29 22:32:08 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id WAA03137 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 29 Apr 1999 22:32:08 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA01534; Thu, 29 Apr 1999 22:35:42 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma001519; Thu, 29 Apr 99 22:35:30 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 29 Apr 1999 22:32:52 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id CAA85978; Fri, 30 Apr 1999 02:13:28 GMT
Message-Id: <199904300213.CAA85978@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Thu, 29 Apr 1999 15:07:26 -0500
From: glover <glover@btl.net>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Glover's Reef Marine Research Station Website
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: glover <glover@btl.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 237
Dear Coral List,
I made a mistake. The Website for the Glover's Reef Marine Research Station
is <www.belizeweb.com/wcscoral>, not what I said a couple of days ago (I had
the slash reverswed). Call it up, you'll like it.
Sorry.
TOM BRIGHT <glover@btl.net>
Thomas J. Bright
Station Manager
Glover's Reef Marine Research Station
P.O. Box 2310
Belize City, Belize
E-mail <glover@btl.net>
501-2-33855 in Belize City
501-5-22153 on Middle Caye, Glover's Reef
501-1-48474 cell phone
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Apr 30 04:03:49 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id EAA06177 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 30 Apr 1999 04:03:49 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id EAA09728; Fri, 30 Apr 1999 04:06:52 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma009713; Fri, 30 Apr 99 04:06:03 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 30 Apr 1999 04:03:09 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id HAA87991; Fri, 30 Apr 1999 07:38:21 GMT
Received: from uxmail.ust.hk by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id DAA87781; Fri, 30 Apr 1999 03:38:12 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from rcz057.ust.hk ([143.89.113.237]:1054 "EHLO ust.hk" ident: "NO-IDENT-SERVICE") by uxmail.ust.hk with ESMTP id <628846-20272>; Fri, 30 Apr 1999 15:35:38 +0800
Message-Id: <37295D96.1BCD92B7@ust.hk>
Date: 	Fri, 30 Apr 1999 15:36:54 +0800
From: Reef Check <reefchck@ust.hk>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.04 [en] (Win95; I)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Coral-List Server <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Change of Email Address for Dr. Gregor Hodgson
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Reef Check <reefchck@ust.hk>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 238
Dear all,
    Please be noted that, the Reef Check Global coordinator Dr. Gregor
Hodgson's email has been changed to "gregor@hk.super.net".  Pls use this
new email if you want to contact with Dr. Hodgson in the future.
Thanks!
--
Regards
Keith Kei
Assistant Coordinator
Institute for Environment and Sustainable Development
Applied Technology Centre
Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Clearwater Bay Kowloon  HONG KONG
Tel: (852) 2358-6907
Fax: (852) 2358-1334
e-mail: reefchck@ust.hk
web site: http://www.ReefCheck.org/
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Apr 30 05:18:42 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id FAA06787 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 30 Apr 1999 05:18:41 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id FAA10914; Fri, 30 Apr 1999 05:23:15 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma010904; Fri, 30 Apr 99 05:22:51 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 30 Apr 1999 05:20:13 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id IAA45528; Fri, 30 Apr 1999 08:49:45 GMT
Received: from uxmail.ust.hk by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id EAA69085; Fri, 30 Apr 1999 04:49:22 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from rcz057.ust.hk ([143.89.113.237]:1058 "EHLO ust.hk" ident: "NO-IDENT-SERVICE") by uxmail.ust.hk with ESMTP id <628176-20282>; Fri, 30 Apr 1999 16:46:12 +0800
Message-Id: <37296E21.578346DE@ust.hk>
Date: 	Fri, 30 Apr 1999 16:47:29 +0800
From: Reef Check <reefchck@ust.hk>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.04 [en] (Win95; I)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Coral-List Server <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Mistake in Dr. Gregor Hodgson's new email address
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Reef Check <reefchck@ust.hk>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 239
Dear all,
    Dr. Gregor Hodgson's new email address should be
"gregorh@hk.super.net" instead of "gregor@hk.super.net".  Pls ignore the
previous one.  Sorry for making any inconvenient.  Thanks!
--
Regards
Keith Kei
Assistant Coordinator
Institute for Environment and Sustainable Development
Applied Technology Centre
Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Clearwater Bay Kowloon  HONG KONG
Tel: (852) 2358-6907
Fax: (852) 2358-1334
e-mail: reefchck@ust.hk
web site: http://www.ReefCheck.org/
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat May  1 10:38:44 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA06750 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 1 May 1999 10:38:43 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA24888; Sat, 1 May 1999 10:42:19 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma024872; Sat, 1 May 99 10:41:30 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 1 May 1999 10:38:52 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA98189; Sat, 1 May 1999 13:56:45 GMT
Message-Id: <199905011356.NAA98189@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Fri, 30 Apr 1999 15:43:33 -0400
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Gene Shinn <gene@wayback.er.usgs.gov>
Subject: Sustainable Seas
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Gene Shinn <gene@wayback.er.usgs.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 240
Reef scientists might want to check out this NOAA web site,
http://www.sanctuaries.nos.noaa.gov/sse/sse.html Then click on "sustainable
seas" and then read, "mission log".
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon May  3 12:04:42 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA06735 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 3 May 1999 12:04:41 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA09854; Mon, 3 May 1999 12:09:18 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma009825; Mon, 3 May 99 12:09:08 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 3 May 1999 12:06:28 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA11346; Mon, 3 May 1999 15:16:21 GMT
Received: from mail.caribe.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA10394; Mon, 3 May 1999 11:16:14 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from default (ppp233.211dip.netdial.caribe.net [209.91.211.233])
	by mail.caribe.net (8.9.0/8.9.0) with SMTP id LAA27937
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 3 May 1999 11:21:13 -0400 (AST)
Message-Id: <002201be9576$891532e0$e9d35bd1@default>
From: "Ernesto Weil" <eweil@caribe.net>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Summer course
Date: Mon, 3 May 1999 11:04:57 -0400
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_000A_01BE9554.C807D2E0"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.2106.4
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.2106.4
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Ernesto Weil" <eweil@caribe.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 241
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_000A_01BE9554.C807D2E0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
SUMMER COURSE
FUNDACI=D3N CIENTIFICA LOS ROQUES
UNIVERSIDAD DE PUERTO RICO
UNIVERSIDAD SIM=D3N BOLIVAR
CORAL REEF BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY
DOS MOSQUISES MARINE LABORATORY
ARCHIPIELAGO DE LOS ROQUES NATIONAL PARK, VENEZUELA
JUNE 23 - JULY 4, 1999.
SECOND ANNOUCEMENT
The Fundaci=F3n Cientifica los Roques announces an intensive summer =
course in coral reef biology and ecology that will be taught at the Dos =
Mosquises Marine Laboratory. The lab is located on the southwest corner =
of the Archipielago Los Roques National Park, an atoll-like reef complex =
110 km north of the Venezuelan main coast. This reef complex boasts some =
of the best developed and diverse coral reef, sea-grass beds and =
mangrove forests in the Caribbean and is far away from continental and =
major anthropogenic influences. Eco-tourism and a declining fisheries =
are the major human activities in the area.=20
The course include topics in evolution of reef communities, modularity =
as an evolutionary successful strategy, biology of major biological =
groups and their ecological roles in the reef community, current =
anthropogenic and natural threats and coral biogeography. A special =
session on sea-grass communities is also included. Field and lab work =
include taxonomic identifications, reef and sea-grass community =
characterization and structure, reef zonation, reef health assessment, =
coral diseases, ecological and monitoring methods, etc. A detailed =
program is available from Dr. Ernesto Weil.=20
Faculty :
Ernesto Weil, Ph.D Sven Zea, Ph.D
Associate Professor Associate Professor=20
Department of Marine Sciences Department of Biology
U. of Puerto Rico U. Nacional de Colombia-INVEMAR
David Bone, Ph.D
Associate Professor
Department of Biology
U. Sim=F3n Bol=EDvar, Caracas.
Cost: The course cost is US $ 900.00 per student. This includes tuition =
fees, dive activities, room and board, round trip transportation from =
Caracas to Los Roques and limited insurance. Each participant will be =
required to sign a release form at arrival. Costs of Visa to enter =
Venezuela and travel to Caracas is the responsibility of the applicant.=20
How to get there: Many US and other international carriers fly into the =
Sim=F3n Bolivar International Airport, 15 km north of Caracas. The =
Organizers will make all the arrangements for the round trip =
transportation from Caracas to the field station. If a commercial =
airline is used, they land in the main island of El Gran Roque, 20 km =
north-east of the Station. Boat transportation (2 hours) will then be =
provided from El Gran Roque to the Dos Mosquises Marine Lab.
Registration and dead lines: Mail to either of the addresses below : (1) =
Letter of application stating why you want to take the course and what =
is your experience in coral reefs research, (2) two letters of =
recommendation, (3) x-copy of current diving certificate, (4) Curriculum =
Vitae, (5) list of undergraduate or graduate courses, (6) a deposit of =
US $ 100.00 (check to Fundacion Cientifica Los Roques). Full payment of =
course must be done by June 15 th.
DEAD LINE : MAY 24. Acceptance will be communicated within 5 days of =
receiving your application. Remember that there is a limit of 15 =
students.=20
International students must get a visa to enter Venezuela. This could =
take some time so plan accordingly. Contact the nearest Venezuelan =
Consulate or your travel agent.
For information and/or sending your application contact:
Dr. Ernesto Weil : Dept. of Marine Sciences, U. of Puerto Rico. PO BOX =
908, Lajas, PR 00667. Pho: (787) 899-2048 x. 241 - Fax (787) =
899-2630/5500,=20
If using courier, mail to: Dept. Marine Sciences, Isla Magueyes Lab. =
Road 304, Lajas, PR 00667.
Sr. Juan Carlos Fernandez. FCLR Apartado 1139. Caracas 1010-A Venezuela.
Pho: (58-2) 263-9729, Fax: (56-2) 261-3461, fclr@reacciun.ve.
Dr. Ernesto Weil
Depart. of Marine Sciences, UPR
PO BOX 908 Lajas PR 00667
Ph. (787) 899-2048 x. 241
FAX (787) 899-2630/899-5500.
------=_NextPart_000_000A_01BE9554.C807D2E0
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META content=3Dtext/html;charset=3Diso-8859-1 =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D'"MSHTML 4.72.2106.6"' name=3DGENERATOR>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><B><U><FONT face=3DArial>
<P align=3Dcenter>SUMMER COURSE</P></B></U>
<P></P>
<P align=3Dcenter>FUNDACI&Oacute;N CIENTIFICA LOS ROQUES</P>
<P align=3Dcenter>UNIVERSIDAD DE PUERTO RICO</P>
<P align=3Dcenter>UNIVERSIDAD SIM&Oacute;N BOLIVAR</P>
<P align=3Dcenter>CORAL REEF BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY</P>
<P align=3Dcenter>DOS MOSQUISES MARINE LABORATORY</P>
<P align=3Dcenter>ARCHIPIELAGO DE LOS ROQUES NATIONAL PARK, =
VENEZUELA</P>
<P align=3Dcenter>JUNE 23 - JULY 4, 1999.</P></FONT><B><U><FONT =
face=3DArial size=3D3>
<P align=3Dcenter>SECOND ANNOUCEMENT</P></B></U></FONT><FONT =
face=3DArial>
<P>&nbsp;</P>
<P>&nbsp;</P>
<P>The Fundaci&oacute;n Cientifica los Roques announces an intensive =
summer=20
course in coral reef biology and ecology that will be taught at the Dos=20
Mosquises Marine Laboratory. The lab is located on the southwest corner =
of the=20
Archipielago Los Roques National Park, an atoll-like reef complex 110 km =
north=20
of the Venezuelan main coast. This reef complex boasts some of the best=20
developed and diverse coral reef, sea-grass beds and mangrove forests in =
the=20
Caribbean and is far away from continental and major anthropogenic =
influences.=20
Eco-tourism and a declining fisheries are the major human activities in =
the=20
area. </P>
<P>The course include topics in evolution of reef communities, =
modularity as an=20
evolutionary successful strategy, biology of major biological groups and =
their=20
ecological roles in the reef community, current anthropogenic and =
natural=20
threats and coral biogeography. A special session on sea-grass =
communities is=20
also included. Field and lab work include taxonomic identifications, =
reef and=20
sea-grass community characterization and structure, reef zonation, reef =
health=20
assessment, coral diseases, ecological and monitoring methods, etc. A =
detailed=20
program is available from Dr. Ernesto Weil. </P><B><U>
<P>Faculty :</P></B></U>
<P>Ernesto Weil, Ph.D Sven Zea, Ph.D</P>
<P>Associate Professor Associate Professor </P>
<P>Department of Marine Sciences Department of Biology</P>
<P>U. of Puerto Rico U. Nacional de Colombia-INVEMAR</P>
<P>David Bone, Ph.D</P>
<P>Associate Professor</P>
<P>Department of Biology</P>
<P>U. Sim&oacute;n Bol&iacute;var, Caracas.</P>
<P>&nbsp;</P><B><U>
<P>Cost:</B></U> The course cost is US $ 900.00 per student. This =
includes=20
tuition fees, dive activities, room and board, round trip transportation =
from=20
Caracas to Los Roques and limited insurance. Each participant will be =
required=20
to sign a release form at arrival. Costs of Visa to enter Venezuela and =
travel=20
to Caracas is the responsibility of the applicant. </P><B><U>
<P>How to get there</B></U>: Many US and other international carriers =
fly into=20
the Sim&oacute;n Bolivar International Airport, 15 km north of Caracas. =
The=20
Organizers will make all the arrangements for the round trip =
transportation from=20
Caracas to the field station. If a commercial airline is used, they land =
in the=20
main island of El Gran Roque, 20 km north-east of the Station. Boat=20
transportation (2 hours) will then be provided from El Gran Roque to the =
Dos=20
Mosquises Marine Lab.</P><B><U>
<P>Registration and dead lines</B></U>: Mail to either of the addresses =
below :=20
(1) Letter of application stating why you want to take the course and =
what is=20
your experience in coral reefs research, (2) two letters of =
recommendation, (3)=20
x-copy of current diving certificate, (4) Curriculum Vitae, (5) list of=20
undergraduate or graduate courses, (6) a deposit of US $ 100.00 (check =
to=20
Fundacion Cientifica Los Roques). Full payment of course must be done by =
June 15=20
th.</P><B><U>
<P>DEAD LINE</B></U> : MAY 24. Acceptance will be communicated within 5 =
days of=20
receiving your application. Remember that there is a limit of 15 =
students.=20
</P><B>
<P>International students</B> must get a visa to enter Venezuela. This =
could=20
take some time so plan accordingly. Contact the nearest Venezuelan =
Consulate or=20
your travel agent.</P>
<P></P>
<P>For information and/or sending your application contact:</P>
<P>Dr. Ernesto Weil : Dept. of Marine Sciences, U. of Puerto Rico. PO =
BOX 908,=20
Lajas, PR 00667. Pho: (787) 899-2048 x. 241 - Fax (787) 899-2630/5500, =
</P>
<P>If using courier, mail to: Dept. Marine Sciences, Isla Magueyes Lab. =
Road=20
304, Lajas, PR 00667.</P>
<P>Sr. Juan Carlos Fernandez. FCLR Apartado 1139. Caracas 1010-A =
Venezuela.</P>
<P>Pho: (58-2) 263-9729, Fax: (56-2) 261-3461, <A=20
href=3D"mailto:fclr@reacciun.ve">fclr@reacciun.ve</A>.</FONT></P></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Dr. Ernesto Weil<BR>Depart. of =
Marine Sciences,=20
UPR<BR>PO BOX 908 Lajas PR 00667<BR>Ph. (787) 899-2048 x. 241<BR>FAX =
(787)=20
899-2630/899-5500.</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_000_000A_01BE9554.C807D2E0--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon May  3 15:29:12 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA12897 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 3 May 1999 15:29:11 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA29083; Mon, 3 May 1999 15:32:15 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma029002; Mon, 3 May 99 15:31:24 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 3 May 1999 15:28:38 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA12222; Mon, 3 May 1999 19:04:38 GMT
Received: from m4.jersey.juno.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id PAA12547; Mon, 3 May 1999 15:04:26 -0400 (EDT)
Received: (from davidsonoh@juno.com)
 by m4.jersey.juno.com (queuemail) id D9QEUQ4S; Mon, 03 May 1999 15:02:53 EDT
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Date: Mon, 3 May 1999 09:00:16 -1000
Subject: Hawaii CRI:  Request for PreProposals
Message-Id: <19990503.090020.-314995.0.davidsonoh@juno.com>
X-Mailer: Juno 2.0.11
X-Juno-Line-Breaks: 0,3-5,7-9,14-15,18
X-Juno-Att: 0
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
From: Kristine Davidson <davidsonoh@juno.com>
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Kristine Davidson <davidsonoh@juno.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 242
The HAWAII CORAL REEF INITIATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAM announces a REQUEST FOR
PRE-PROPOSALS to monitor and research the following coral reef-related
management concerns for FY1999-2000:
1) expanding current monitoring activities
2) assessing the impacts of nearshore fisheries and aquarium fish
collection
3) investigating the effects of alien and invasive species
A more detailed Request for Pre-Proposals can be obtained from the Social
Science Research Institute.  Please submit your request either by fax
(808/956-2884) or email davidsonplan@hawaii.rr.com.   This document
includes a program overview, priority descriptions, review process,
evaluation criteria, and suggested format.
Pre-proposals are due 4:00 p.m. on May 24th, 1999 at the Social Science
Research Institute (University of Hawaii/ 2424 Maile Way, #704/ Honolulu,
HI  96822).
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon May  3 15:35:54 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA13053 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 3 May 1999 15:35:53 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA00105; Mon, 3 May 1999 15:40:29 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma029989; Mon, 3 May 99 15:39:25 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 3 May 1999 15:36:45 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA10027; Mon, 3 May 1999 19:21:23 GMT
Message-Id: <199905031921.TAA10027@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Mon, 03 May 1999 12:28:44 -0400 (EDT)
From: Walt Jaap STP <Walt.Jaap@dep.state.fl.us>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Low-tech rehabilitation of coral reefs
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Walt Jaap STP <Walt.Jaap@dep.state.fl.us>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 243
Low techer et al.   I hope that some of you attended the NCRI meeting in Ft.
Lauderdale.  There were a number of sessions and presentations on coral
restoration with methods and monitoring results.  If you did not attend, you
should check the web site:  http://www.nova.edu/ocean/ncri and or e-mail
ncri@mako.ocean.nova.edu.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon May  3 15:35:54 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA13053 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 3 May 1999 15:35:53 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA00105; Mon, 3 May 1999 15:40:29 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma029989; Mon, 3 May 99 15:39:25 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 3 May 1999 15:36:45 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA10027; Mon, 3 May 1999 19:21:23 GMT
Message-Id: <199905031921.TAA10027@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Mon, 03 May 1999 12:28:44 -0400 (EDT)
From: Walt Jaap STP <Walt.Jaap@dep.state.fl.us>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Low-tech rehabilitation of coral reefs
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Walt Jaap STP <Walt.Jaap@dep.state.fl.us>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 244
Low techer et al.   I hope that some of you attended the NCRI meeting in Ft.
Lauderdale.  There were a number of sessions and presentations on coral
restoration with methods and monitoring results.  If you did not attend, you
should check the web site:  http://www.nova.edu/ocean/ncri and or e-mail
ncri@mako.ocean.nova.edu.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon May  3 15:38:52 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA13121 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 3 May 1999 15:38:51 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA00462; Mon, 3 May 1999 15:43:29 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma000444; Mon, 3 May 99 15:43:23 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 3 May 1999 15:40:43 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA11379; Mon, 3 May 1999 19:20:37 GMT
Message-Id: <199905031920.TAA11379@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Fri, 30 Apr 1999 09:40:45 +0300
From: Hany Tatwany <Tatwany@naseej.com.sa>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Coral reef bleaching workshop
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Hany Tatwany <Tatwany@naseej.com.sa>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 245
The National Commission for Wildlife Conservation and Development (NCWCD)
is concerned about the threat posed by bleaching to the coral reefs of the
Middle Eastern region, especially the Red Sea, the northern Arabian Sea
and the Arabian Gulf. Preliminary investigations and monitoring programmes
indicate that this phenomenon is already present in most of the region and
is escalating.
In view of the seriousness of the situation NCWCD has been given the
responsibility to call for a workshop consisting of international and
regional experts.  The URL for Workshop particulars may be found at:
	http://www.coral.noaa.gov/bulls/workshop-arabia99.html
If you have any questions please do not hesitate to contact us either to
NCWCD General e-mail ncwcd@zajil.net or directly to me at
tatwany@naseej.com.sa.
Sincerely yours,
Dr. Hany Tatwany,
Chairman of the Organising Committee
International Corporation Co-ordenator, NCWCD
Phone/Fax +966 1 4418413
INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON
THE EXTENT AND IMPACT OF CORAL REEF BLEACHING
IN THE ARABIAN REGION 1999
HOSTED BY
THE NATIONAL COMMISSION FOR WILDLIFE CONSERVATION AND DEVELOPMENT (NCWCD)
RIYADH, KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA
------=_NextPart_000_0220_01BE92ED.852D5E40--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue May  4 11:34:20 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA04267 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 4 May 1999 11:34:20 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA25324; Tue, 4 May 1999 11:37:22 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma025200; Tue, 4 May 99 11:36:54 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 4 May 1999 11:33:54 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA17881; Tue, 4 May 1999 14:59:32 GMT
Received: from carbon.marine.usf.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA17109; Tue, 4 May 1999 10:59:21 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from coral (aves.marine.usf.edu [198.116.54.180])
	by carbon.marine.usf.edu (8.9.1a/8.9.1) with SMTP id KAA09843
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 4 May 1999 10:59:14 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <3.0.6.32.19990507110555.0085b5e0@carbon.marine.usf.edu>
X-Sender: serge@carbon.marine.usf.edu
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.6 (32)
Date: Fri, 07 May 1999 11:05:55 -0400
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Serge Andrefouet <serge@carbon.marine.usf.edu>
Subject: Satellites status
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Serge Andrefouet <serge@carbon.marine.usf.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 246
Dear colleagues,
Information on satellites status potentially interesting for coral reef
studies:
LANDSAT 7 was launched successfully on April 15th 1999. It is still in a
test period. More details on http://geo.arc.nasa.gov/sge/landsat/l7status.html
IKONOS 1, Space Imaging's high - resolution satellite (1 meter in
panchromatic mode and 4 meters in 4-bands multipectral mode) launched a
couple days ago died.  It never reached orbit.  A result of a faulty
booster rocket.
Serge Andrefouet
Department of Marine Science
Remote Sensing/ Biological Oceanography
University of South Florida
140, 7th Av. South
St Petersburg
FL 33701
phone: (727) 553-1186
fax:   (727) 553-1103
E-mail: serge@carbon.marine.usf.edu
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue May  4 17:23:12 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA15018 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 4 May 1999 17:23:12 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA28102; Tue, 4 May 1999 17:27:50 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028021; Tue, 4 May 99 17:26:47 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 4 May 1999 17:24:05 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA19750; Tue, 4 May 1999 20:52:45 GMT
Message-Id: <199905042052.UAA19750@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Fri, 30 Apr 1999 17:00:41 -0400
From: coral@aoml.noaa.gov
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: coral@aoml.noaa.gov
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 247
FYI:
OCEANSP@CE Issue 134 Friday 30th April 1999
the FREE online marine science and ocean technology magazine
6. BIOSPHERE 2 STUDY: ATMOSPHERIC CHANGE
THREATENS CORAL REEFS
According to studies conducted at Columbia University's Biosphere
2 Center, levels of carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas found in earth's
atmosphere, have increased since preindustrialized times - primarily
due to the combustion of fossil fuels. Scientific studies have suggested
this trend will continue, resulting in a projected doubling of
atmospheric carbon dioxide levels from preindustrial levels by the
year 2065.
This projected atmospheric change brings with it other potential and
uncertain changes to the earth's atmosphere, biosphere and
hydrosphere. Data collected from large-scale ocean surveys, for
example, have indicated that surface waters of temperate and tropical
oceans are taking up carbon dioxide in proportion to the earth's
atmosphere.
Inside Columbia University's Biosphere 2 Center in Oracle, Ariz.,
Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory Associate Research Scientist
Chris Langdon directly tested and assessed the impact of elevated
atmospheric carbon dioxide on coral reef building and maintenance.
The ocean biome, one of six ecosystems located inside the Bisophere
2 Center, provided an ideal site to study these effects.
Langdon's findings contributed, along with research conducted by
other scientists, to a paper recently published in the journal Science,
titled, "Geochemical consequences of increased atmospheric CO2 on
coral reefs."
The paper suggests that atmospheric changes in carbon dioxide levels
could lead logically to negative changes in reef structure, coral
reproduction and overall function of coral reef communities.
The findings have important global implications, since measurements
of the saturation state of aragonite in surface ocean water show that
it has been decreasing. In the past 100 years, for example, the average
aragonite saturation state in the tropics has dropped about ten percent.
It is predicted this trend will continue, amounting to an average
decrease of about forty percent by the year 2100 from preindustrial
levels. Precipitation, the process by which aragonite and other
calcium carbonate minerals produced by corals solidify into reefs,
also is expected to decrease by 17 to 35 percent from preindustrial
times to 2100.
Reefs that may be the most vulnerable to these changes are those with
balanced calcium carbonate budgets, characterized by rates of growth
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue May  4 17:34:22 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA15177 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 4 May 1999 17:34:21 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA28874; Tue, 4 May 1999 17:39:00 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028856; Tue, 4 May 99 17:38:43 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 4 May 1999 17:36:04 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA18241; Tue, 4 May 1999 21:15:08 GMT
Received: from smtp13.bellglobal.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA19793; Tue, 4 May 1999 17:15:02 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from howzit.sympatico.ca (HSE-TOR-ppp28508.sympatico.ca [209.226.93.211])
	by smtp13.bellglobal.com (8.8.5/8.8.5) with SMTP id RAA18983
	for <coral-list@reef.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 4 May 1999 17:15:51 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <4.1.19990504172411.00aff610@pop.vex.net>
X-Sender: howzit@pop.vex.net
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 4.1
Date: Tue, 04 May 1999 17:26:56 -0400
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Ursula Keuper-Bennett <howzit@turtles.org>
Subject: News article:  Maui diver predits coral spawning
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Ursula Keuper-Bennett <howzit@turtles.org>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 248
Diver predicts coral spawning
By RON YOUNGBLOOD
Staff Writer
KIHEI -- Curiosity mentored by a veteran diver-photographer and sharpened by
hundreds of hours leading scuba tours has led to a`remarkable'' discovery about
the islands' reef life.
For 13 years, Pauline Fiene-Severns carefully noted underwater observations
collected while working with biologist/underwater photographer Mike Severns,
her husband and founder of a dive company. It all led to being able to predict
the dates and times cauliflower coral will spawn.
     <http://www.maui.net/~mauinews/lnews2c.htm>
Enjoyable read.
-------------------------------------------
              ^               Ursula Keuper-Bennett
             0 0              Email: howzit@turtles.org
    /V^\            /^V\
  /V   Malama na honu   V\    http://www.turtles.org
 /                        \
           Islands
    French Frigate Shoals
 Green sea turtles nest there
  Twenty-fifth Anniversary
           Silver
                    --Patrick H. (age 12)
          \       /    cinquaine poetry
          /  \ /  \
         /__| V |__\
         Turtle Trax
CELEBRATING THE 25TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FFS TAGGING PROGRAM
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri May  7 10:37:35 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA25515 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 7 May 1999 10:37:34 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA26445; Fri, 7 May 1999 10:40:37 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma026431; Fri, 7 May 99 10:40:35 -0400
Received: from scis.acast.nova.edu by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 7 May 1999 10:37:50 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov (coral.aoml.noaa.gov [192.111.123.248])
	by scis.acast.nova.edu (8.9.1/8.9.1) with ESMTP id KAA06338
	for <hendeej@scis.acast.nova.edu>; Fri, 7 May 1999 10:37:42 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA34614; Wed, 7 Apr 1999 17:47:15 GMT
Received: from mailhub.uel.ac.uk by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA34558; Wed, 7 Apr 1999 13:47:06 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from whstaff1.uel.ac.uk (whstaff1.uel.ac.uk [161.76.104.3])
	by mailhub.uel.ac.uk (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id SAA01045
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 7 Apr 1999 18:47:08 +0100 (BST)
Received: from WHSTAFF1/SpoolDir by whstaff1.uel.ac.uk (Mercury 1.44);
    7 Apr 99 18:40:40 GMT0BST
Received: from SpoolDir by WHSTAFF1 (Mercury 1.44); 7 Apr 99 18:40:26 GMT0BST
From: "Nicola Chapman" <N.D.Chapman@uel.ac.uk>
Organization: University of East London
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Date: Wed, 7 Apr 1999 18:40:19 GMT0BST
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT
Priority: normal
X-mailer: Pegasus Mail for Windows (v3.01d)
Message-Id: <3BF036B0287@whstaff1.uel.ac.uk>
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Nicola Chapman" <N.D.Chapman@uel.ac.uk>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 249
Rm.306
Dept.of Environmental Sciences and Mathematics
University of East London
Stratford
London
E15 4LY
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri May  7 12:01:33 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA27821 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 7 May 1999 12:01:32 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA05146; Fri, 7 May 1999 12:05:13 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma005134; Fri, 7 May 99 12:05:11 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 7 May 1999 12:02:28 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA02144; Fri, 7 May 1999 15:33:25 GMT
Received: from seas.marine.usf.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA02218; Fri, 7 May 1999 11:33:09 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from localhost (pmuller@localhost)
	by seas.marine.usf.edu (8.9.1a/8.9.1) with SMTP id LAA22337
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 7 May 1999 11:33:03 -0400 (EDT)
Date: Fri, 7 May 1999 11:33:03 -0400 (EDT)
From: Pam Muller <pmuller@seas.marine.usf.edu>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: "Sea lice"
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.02.9905071121420.18993-100000@seas.marine.usf.edu>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Pam Muller <pmuller@seas.marine.usf.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 250
Attention Researchers in the Florida Keys:
Those charming little friends lovingly called "sea lice" are thick and
pesky in the neuston in Keys waters these days.
What exactly are they?  I have heard everything from firecoral larvae to
small jelly's.  Or can several types of tiny cnideria produce the same
response in sensitive individuals?
To quote an old song:  "Gonna need an ocean ----- of calamine lotion"
Happy scratching!
Pamela Hallock Muller
Department of Marine Science
University of South Florida
140 Seventh Avenue South
St. Petersburg, FL 33701 USA
pmuller@marine.usf.edu
Phone: 727-553-1567
FAX: 727-553-1189 	NOTE NEW AREA CODE!!!
"Discovery consists of seeing what everybody has seen and thinking what
nobody has thought."  - Albert Szent-Gyorgyi -
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri May  7 12:27:34 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA28451 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 7 May 1999 12:27:34 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA07031; Fri, 7 May 1999 12:30:40 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma006970; Fri, 7 May 99 12:30:04 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 7 May 1999 12:27:18 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA02446; Fri, 7 May 1999 16:08:03 GMT
Message-Id: <199905071608.QAA02446@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Wed, 5 May 1999 15:00:16 -1000 (HST)
From: Bruce Carlson <carlson@soest.hawaii.edu>
X-Sender: carlson@iniki
To: coral-list <Coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Corals on the internet
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Bruce Carlson <carlson@soest.hawaii.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 251
The Waikiki Aquarium now has a live camera on our web site focused on
three species of living corals:  Montipora digitata, Acropora elseyi, and
Acropora sp.  There is a metric ruler on the left side of the image to
allow viewers to measure the daily growth rates of the corals (do they
grow faster from dusk to dawn vs. during day light hours etc.).
It's about as exciting as watching grass grow, but we feel it has
instructional value for students learning about corals.
The URL for the Waikiki Aquarium is:
	http://waquarium.mic.hawaii.edu/
go to the bottom of the screen and click on the "Corals Are Alive!" icon.
It should be obvious (but I'll say it anyway) you can only see the
image during the daylight hours in Hawaii!
Aloha
Bruce Carlson
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri May  7 14:24:15 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA02745 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 7 May 1999 14:24:14 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA18163; Fri, 7 May 1999 14:28:56 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma017963; Fri, 7 May 99 14:27:58 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 7 May 1999 14:25:18 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA03342; Fri, 7 May 1999 18:10:53 GMT
Received: from postoffice2.mail.cornell.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <Coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA03339; Fri, 7 May 1999 14:10:41 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from [132.236.111.152] ([132.236.111.152])
	by postoffice2.mail.cornell.edu (8.8.8/8.8.8) with ESMTP id OAA17459
	for <Coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 7 May 1999 14:10:36 -0400 (EDT)
X-Sender: ljr5@postoffice4.mail.cornell.edu
Message-Id: <v04003000b358cedeb84a@[132.236.111.152]>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Date: Fri, 7 May 1999 13:20:12 -0400
To: Coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Laurie Jeanne Raymundo <ljr5@cornell.edu>
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Laurie Jeanne Raymundo <ljr5@cornell.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 252
Hi, all:
I am searching for information on a disease referred to as Porites Purple
Ring Disease, in the Indo-Pacific.  I have seen small massive Porites
colonies often infected with ovoid lesions (2cm diameter), with dead tissue
in the middle of the lesion colonized by algal tufts, and around the
perimeter of the lesion is a very distinctive pink-purple ring.  So, two
questions:  does anyone know if this is the trematode infection that Greta
Aeby reported in 1992 (Greta: if you're out there, I'd love your email
address so we could talk further!) and has anyone heard of any other
publications on this?  It's not on the McCarty-Peters web page, and hasn't
been mentioned much, but those of us in the Indo-Pacific have seen it
around (it was also reported from the Vietname area, I believe).  I'd like
to make sure that the symptoms I'm seeing are the ones others are using to
refer to as Porites Purple Ring.
Thanks to all who answer!
Laurie Raymundo
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri May  7 18:14:45 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id SAA09253 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 7 May 1999 18:14:45 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA09566; Fri, 7 May 1999 18:19:27 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma009555; Fri, 7 May 99 18:19:11 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 7 May 1999 17:56:32 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA04439; Fri, 7 May 1999 21:41:09 GMT
Received: from gull.prod.itd.earthlink.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA04431; Fri, 7 May 1999 17:40:58 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from [153.34.135.168] (2Cust40.tnt5.nyc1.da.uu.net [153.34.135.168])
	by gull.prod.itd.earthlink.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id OAA29901
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 7 May 1999 14:40:51 -0700 (PDT)
Message-Id: <l03130302b35916b8a91a@[153.34.135.168]>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Date: Fri, 7 May 1999 17:46:28 -0500
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: "James M. Cervino" <cnidaria@earthlink.net>
Subject: Porites Pink Blotch Disease
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "James M. Cervino" <cnidaria@earthlink.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 253
Regarding the Porites Pink Spot/Ring/Blotch Disease, I have seen this
syndrome at many sites in the Pacific....including my study sites in Papua
New Guinea.  I collected samples and brought them back to my lab on ice. I
observed what appears to be a mesh work of hyphae, as well as a high
concentration of coral mucus.  I have heard that someone has isolated a
fungus (European marine biologists)??
I see this particular syndrome closer to the continental slope, and it
seems to disappear in the outer reefs (far away from anthropogenic run-off
or deforestation).  If this pink blotch is isolated and proven  to be a
confirmed fungus and not a symbiotic consortium of bacteria, would it be
easy to link this un-known species to the land as a  soil based microbe
from soil run-off?
James M. Cervino
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri May  7 19:28:24 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id TAA09958 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 7 May 1999 19:28:23 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA13482; Fri, 7 May 1999 19:32:04 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma013463; Fri, 7 May 99 19:31:28 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 7 May 1999 19:28:47 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id XAA04805; Fri, 7 May 1999 23:06:08 GMT
Received: from relay4.hawaii.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <Coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id TAA04812; Fri, 7 May 1999 19:05:54 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from uhunix4.its.hawaii.edu ([128.171.44.54]) by relay4.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <374560(8)>; Fri, 7 May 1999 13:05:17 -1000
Received: from localhost by uhunix4.its.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <171787(10)>; Fri, 7 May 1999 13:01:25 -1000
Date: 	Fri, 7 May 1999 13:01:16 -1000
From: Cindy Hunter <cindyh@hawaii.edu>
X-Sender: cindyh@uhunix4
To: Laurie Jeanne Raymundo <ljr5@cornell.edu>
cc: Coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, Greta Smith Aeby <greta@hawaii.edu>
Subject: Purple rings
In-Reply-To: <v04003000b358cedeb84a@[132.236.111.152]>
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.05.9905071212330.9135-100000@uhunix4>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Cindy Hunter <cindyh@hawaii.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 254
Dear Laurie,
>From your description, the lesions you've seen are most likely not caused
by the trematode cysts that Greta has worked on--those can be
distinguished as involving individual, swollen (and often pink) polyps.
Might they be the result of tissue loss from fish bites?  I have seen
lesions similar to those you decribe (ovoid, dime-to quarter size, with
algal filaments or incipient turf) on Porites colonies on many Pacific
reefs. Often the edges are pink to violet, a common attribute of stressed
(as from the trematode cysts), abraded, or rapidly growing coral tissue.
In Hawaii, such bite marks are made by large blennies (Exallias brevis),
puffers, and parrotfish. Why the scars are sometimes invaded by
cyanobacterial or algal turfs before they heal is an intriguing question,
but I haven't noted a correlation with proximity to any known
anthropogenic source of stress. That is, these kinds of lesions (and other
"diseases" of corals in the Pacific) are as common on remote reefs like
Ofu in American Samoa as on reefs near Waikiki.
On a related note, I have a suspicion that many coral neoplasms on Pacific
Porites stem from fish feeding scars--the process involved there is
another intriguing question!
I've posted Greta's email address with this message. I'd be happy to
continue a correspondence on your thoughts and observations on Porites.
Aloha,
Cindy Hunter
Curator
Waikiki Aquarium
2777 Kalakaua Avenue
Honolulu, HI 96815
On Fri, 7 May 1999, Laurie Jeanne Raymundo wrote:
> Hi, all:
>
> I am searching for information on a disease referred to as Porites Purple
> Ring Disease, in the Indo-Pacific.  I have seen small massive Porites
> colonies often infected with ovoid lesions (2cm diameter), with dead tissue
> in the middle of the lesion colonized by algal tufts, and around the
> perimeter of the lesion is a very distinctive pink-purple ring.  So, two
> questions:  does anyone know if this is the trematode infection that Greta
> Aeby reported in 1992 (Greta: if you're out there, I'd love your email
> address so we could talk further!) and has anyone heard of any other
> publications on this?  It's not on the McCarty-Peters web page, and hasn't
> been mentioned much, but those of us in the Indo-Pacific have seen it
> around (it was also reported from the Vietname area, I believe).  I'd like
> to make sure that the symptoms I'm seeing are the ones others are using to
> refer to as Porites Purple Ring.
>
> Thanks to all who answer!
>
> Laurie Raymundo
>
>
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat May  8 00:22:21 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id AAA12316 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 8 May 1999 00:22:21 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id AAA22978; Sat, 8 May 1999 00:25:27 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.58) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma022948; Sat, 8 May 99 00:24:57 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 8 May 1999 00:22:15 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id DAA05947; Sat, 8 May 1999 03:51:24 GMT
Received: from imc01.ex.nus.edu.sg by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id XAA05951; Fri, 7 May 1999 23:51:13 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by imc01.ex.nus.edu.sg with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
	id <JPAMCV4M>; Sat, 8 May 1999 11:52:21 +0800
Message-Id: <4B0D7BF452B9D011899D0020AFFBEE610308393F@exs03.ex.nus.edu.sg>
From: Karenne Tun <karenne@nus.edu.sg>
To: "'Shafina Shafie'" <shafitml@yahoo.com>, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: RE: coral transplant
Date: Sat, 8 May 1999 11:52:16 +0800
MIME-Version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
Content-Type: text/plain
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Karenne Tun <karenne@nus.edu.sg>
Status: RO
X-Status: A
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 255
Hi Shafina (and anybody else interested). I'm Karenne Tun from the Tropical
Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore. Regarding the
query you had about coral transplant, I thought you'd be interested in the
following information.
During the Oceanology International 99 conference from 27-29 April in
Singapore, there was a paper presented by Dr Thomas Heegar from the
University of San Carlos on "Coral Farming as Alternative Livelihood, for
Sustainable Natural Resource Management and Coral Reef Rehabilitation". In
his presentation, he presented the methods they used to "grow" coral
fragments on limestone slabs. It's not really coral transplants per se, but
his results were very favourable.
Re: coral transplants, I do have some information too. There was an effort
to transplant corals in Singapore from a site earmarked for reclamation to
another site some years ago. We have written a paper about the transplant.
At the moment, there is an FTP site being set up for TMSI, and I can scan
the papers and put store them on the FTP site for downloading. But that may
not be ready for a while, so if you need the information urgently, send me a
private e-mail with your snail mail info. and I'll send a set of relevant
papers to you.
Happy transplanting.
Cheers.
Karenne!
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>+<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
Karenne!
Tropical Marine Science Institute
14, Kent Ridge Road
Singapore 119223
Tel      : 65-774 9882/9656
Fax     : 65-774 9654
Pager  : 9582 4121
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>+<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat May  8 08:18:42 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA15679 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 8 May 1999 08:18:42 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA03249; Sat, 8 May 1999 08:21:47 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma003239; Sat, 8 May 99 08:21:18 -0400
Received: from noaamh1.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP for hendee@aoml.noaa.gov; Sat, 8 May 1999 08:18:39 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 8 May 1999 08:18:37 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id LAA07931; Sat, 8 May 1999 11:44:07 GMT
Received: from xaymaca.uwimona.edu.jm by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <Coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id HAA08010; Sat, 8 May 1999 07:43:58 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from minotaur.uwimona.edu.jm (minotaur.uwimona.edu.jm [196.3.0.2])
	by xaymaca.uwimona.edu.jm (8.9.0/8.9.0) with SMTP id IAA02764;
	Sat, 8 May 1999 08:42:31 -0400 (GMT+4:00)
Received: from localhost by minotaur.uwimona.edu.jm (4.1/SMI-4.1)
	id AA04898; Sat, 8 May 99 06:46:00-050
Date: Sat, 8 May 1999 06:46:00 -0500 (GMT-0500)
From: Jeremy Woodley <woodley@uwimona.edu.jm>
To: Laurie Jeanne Raymundo <ljr5@cornell.edu>
Cc: Coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Porites Purple-Ring Disease
In-Reply-To: <v04003000b358cedeb84a@[132.236.111.152]>
Message-Id: <Pine.SUN.3.95.990508063203.2314F-100000@minotaur.uwimona.edu.jm>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jeremy Woodley <woodley@uwimona.edu.jm>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 256
The condition you describe sounds, in general appearance, like the
Yellow-Band Disease currently evident in Montastraea "annularis" in the
Caribbean.  There, the yellow band may be due simply to partial bleaching
of the sick coral.  In the case of PPRD, I wonder if the pink/purple ring
is due to the revelation of animal pigments in the bleaching coral, rather
than any specific attribute of the disease.  In which case, both could
result from the same pathogen!  Or any of many..
Jeremy Woodley
Centre for Marine Sciences,
University of the West Indies (Mona),
Jamaica
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat May  8 08:18:42 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA15679 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 8 May 1999 08:18:42 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA03249; Sat, 8 May 1999 08:21:47 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma003239; Sat, 8 May 99 08:21:18 -0400
Received: from noaamh1.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP for hendee@aoml.noaa.gov; Sat, 8 May 1999 08:18:39 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 8 May 1999 08:18:37 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id LAA07931; Sat, 8 May 1999 11:44:07 GMT
Received: from xaymaca.uwimona.edu.jm by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <Coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id HAA08010; Sat, 8 May 1999 07:43:58 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from minotaur.uwimona.edu.jm (minotaur.uwimona.edu.jm [196.3.0.2])
	by xaymaca.uwimona.edu.jm (8.9.0/8.9.0) with SMTP id IAA02764;
	Sat, 8 May 1999 08:42:31 -0400 (GMT+4:00)
Received: from localhost by minotaur.uwimona.edu.jm (4.1/SMI-4.1)
	id AA04898; Sat, 8 May 99 06:46:00-050
Date: Sat, 8 May 1999 06:46:00 -0500 (GMT-0500)
From: Jeremy Woodley <woodley@uwimona.edu.jm>
To: Laurie Jeanne Raymundo <ljr5@cornell.edu>
Cc: Coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Porites Purple-Ring Disease
In-Reply-To: <v04003000b358cedeb84a@[132.236.111.152]>
Message-Id: <Pine.SUN.3.95.990508063203.2314F-100000@minotaur.uwimona.edu.jm>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jeremy Woodley <woodley@uwimona.edu.jm>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 257
The condition you describe sounds, in general appearance, like the
Yellow-Band Disease currently evident in Montastraea "annularis" in the
Caribbean.  There, the yellow band may be due simply to partial bleaching
of the sick coral.  In the case of PPRD, I wonder if the pink/purple ring
is due to the revelation of animal pigments in the bleaching coral, rather
than any specific attribute of the disease.  In which case, both could
result from the same pathogen!  Or any of many..
Jeremy Woodley
Centre for Marine Sciences,
University of the West Indies (Mona),
Jamaica
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat May  8 08:24:12 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA15734 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 8 May 1999 08:24:11 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA03346; Sat, 8 May 1999 08:27:51 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma003332; Sat, 8 May 99 08:27:31 -0400
Received: from noaamh1.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP for hendee@aoml.noaa.gov; Sat, 8 May 1999 08:24:53 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 8 May 1999 08:24:52 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id LAA08036; Sat, 8 May 1999 11:52:19 GMT
Received: from xaymaca.uwimona.edu.jm by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <Coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id HAA08048; Sat, 8 May 1999 07:52:09 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from minotaur.uwimona.edu.jm (minotaur.uwimona.edu.jm [196.3.0.2])
	by xaymaca.uwimona.edu.jm (8.9.0/8.9.0) with SMTP id IAA02837;
	Sat, 8 May 1999 08:50:44 -0400 (GMT+4:00)
Received: from localhost by minotaur.uwimona.edu.jm (4.1/SMI-4.1)
	id AA05379; Sat, 8 May 99 06:54:11-050
Date: Sat, 8 May 1999 06:54:11 -0500 (GMT-0500)
From: Jeremy Woodley <woodley@uwimona.edu.jm>
To: Laurie Jeanne Raymundo <ljr5@cornell.edu>
Cc: Coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Porites Purple-Ring Disease
In-Reply-To: <v04003000b358cedeb84a@[132.236.111.152]>
Message-Id: <Pine.SUN.3.95.990508065055.2314G-100000@minotaur.uwimona.edu.jm>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jeremy Woodley <woodley@uwimona.edu.jm>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 258
Oops!  I had overlooked your "2 cm in diameter": not like YBD at all,
which extends over large areas.
Sorry: it was too early in the morning..
Jeremy Woodley
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat May  8 11:50:39 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA17510 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 8 May 1999 11:50:38 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA07555; Sat, 8 May 1999 11:55:19 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma007539; Sat, 8 May 99 11:54:33 -0400
Received: from noaamh1.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 8 May 1999 11:51:55 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh1.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 8 May 1999 11:51:55 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA08527; Sat, 8 May 1999 15:13:09 GMT
Received: from bio.bu.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA09246; Sat, 8 May 1999 11:12:57 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from localhost (lesk@localhost)
	by bio.bu.edu ((8.8.8.buoit.v1.0)/8.8.8/(BU-S-10/16/98-v1.0a)) with SMTP id LAA08364;
	Sat, 8 May 1999 11:12:51 -0400 (EDT)
Date: Sat, 8 May 1999 11:12:51 -0400 (EDT)
From: Les Kaufman <lesk@bio.bu.edu>
To: "James M. Cervino" <cnidaria@earthlink.net>
cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Porites Pink Blotch Disease
In-Reply-To: <l03130302b35916b8a91a@[153.34.135.168]>
Message-Id: <Pine.SUN.4.00.9905081108300.8248-100000@bio.bu.edu>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Les Kaufman <lesk@bio.bu.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 259
James and others:  my experience with Porites compressa, Porites lobata,
and Porites evermanni (or so I took it to be) is that at least these
species, and probably many other Porites, exhibit a pinkish or purplish
discoloration in response to virtually any persistent insult- be they
parasites, necrosis near fish bite marks, margins of advance by competing
assemblages of endolith/algal turf (unsure who the main culprit is), or
even the edges of damselfish gardens.  I think it is misleading to refer
to this collection of processes as a single disease.  Even if there is a
disease that produces a distinct, recognizable manifestation of the pink
discoloration, neophytes will have a devil of a time distinguishing it
from all the other pinkish blotches these corals produce.  Pink in
at least some Indo-Pacific Porites means "bad hair day."  Cindy Hunter,
help us!
Les Kaufman
Boston University Marine Program
lesk@bio.bu.edu
617-353-5560 office
617-353-6965 lab
617-353-6340 fax
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat May  8 16:26:45 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA20274 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 8 May 1999 16:26:44 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA13614; Sat, 8 May 1999 16:31:28 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma013598; Sat, 8 May 99 16:30:47 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 8 May 1999 16:28:08 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA10593; Sat, 8 May 1999 19:57:49 GMT
Received: from imo27.mx.aol.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id PAA10515; Sat, 8 May 1999 15:57:42 -0400 (EDT)
From: EricHugo@aol.com
Received: from EricHugo@aol.com (7997)
	by imo27.mx.aol.com (IMOv20) id bBQCa02302
	 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 8 May 1999 15:57:19 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <82fde6d0.2465f11e@aol.com>
Date: Sat, 8 May 1999 15:57:18 EDT
Subject: Re: Porites Pink Blotch Disease
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Mailer: AOL for Macintosh sub 54
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: EricHugo@aol.com
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 260
Technically,  disease defined is, "Any deviation from or interruption of the
normal structure or function of any part, organ, or system (or combination
thereof) that is manfiested by a characteristic set of signs and/or symptoms
and whose etiology, pathology, and prognosis may be known or unknown."
Along the thoughts of Les Kaufman, I would like to add that there seems to
frequently be a tendency to use the word "disease" to describe virtually any
condition that causes mortality - and also to frequently assume the "disease"
or mortality is due to unnamed and undocumented bacterial pathogens.
There is a description of Porites tissue turning pink in a stress
response/pre-necrotism -  Schuhmacher H (1992) Impact of some corallivorous
snails on stony corals in the Red Sea. Proc 7th Int Coral Reef Sym 2:840-6.
We have also regularly observed highly stressed Acroporid tissue become
brownish purple or pinkish brown prior to sloughing in aquaria, fwiw.
Eric Borneman
In a message dated 5/8/99 9:47:15 AM, lesk@bio.bu.edu writes:
<< at least these
species, and probably many other Porites, exhibit a pinkish or purplish
discoloration in response to virtually any persistent insult- be they
parasites, necrosis near fish bite marks, margins of advance by competing
assemblages of endolith/algal turf (unsure who the main culprit is), or
even the edges of damselfish gardens.  I think it is misleading to refer
to this collection of processes as a single disease.  Even if there is a
disease that produces a distinct, recognizable manifestation of the pink
discoloration, neophytes will have a devil of a time distinguishing it
from all the other pinkish blotches these corals produce.  Pink in
at least some Indo-Pacific Porites means "bad hair day."  Cindy Hunter,
help us!	   >>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat May  8 21:13:04 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id VAA22522 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 8 May 1999 21:13:03 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA18596; Sat, 8 May 1999 21:16:44 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma018585; Sat, 8 May 99 21:15:56 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 8 May 1999 21:13:11 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id AAA11221; Sun, 9 May 1999 00:41:59 GMT
Received: from arl-img-10.compuserve.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id UAA10590; Sat, 8 May 1999 20:41:51 -0400 (EDT)
Received: (from mailgate@localhost)
	by arl-img-10.compuserve.com (8.8.6/8.8.6/2.18) id UAA00796
	for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Sat, 8 May 1999 20:41:46 -0400 (EDT)
Date: Sat, 8 May 1999 20:41:28 -0400
From: Harry McCarty <McCarty_and_Peters@compuserve.com>
Subject: Thank you Les and Eric!
To: Coral Reef List Server <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Message-Id: <199905082041_MC2-7505-92C5@compuserve.com>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Disposition: inline
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Harry McCarty <McCarty_and_Peters@compuserve.com>
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id VAA22522
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 261
Many thanks to Les and Eric for the injection of realism here.  The word
"disease" does get thrown around in the coral community somewhat
willy-nilly.  Given the difficulties that even the professionals have in
distinguishing true disease conditions in the wild, we need to be careful
with both our terminology and our rush to diagnose long distance.
This condition in Porites may indeed turn out to be a new disease, but it
will take much more than a spirited exchange on this list server to prove
that.  We look forward to continued open discussion here on the list, but
urge caution and observance of the traditional scientific methods related
to diseases, both coral and other.
Laurie, we'd like to hear more from you and possibly get both photos and
specimens for examination.  Until then, we'll file this all in the "That's
interesting" file.
Harry McCarty
The Coral Disease Page
http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/mccarty_and_peters/coraldis.htm
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat May  8 22:03:27 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id WAA22886 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 8 May 1999 22:03:26 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA19268; Sat, 8 May 1999 22:08:09 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma019258; Sat, 8 May 99 22:07:32 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 8 May 1999 22:04:54 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id BAA12071; Sun, 9 May 1999 01:36:17 GMT
Received: from gull.prod.itd.earthlink.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id VAA12053; Sat, 8 May 1999 21:36:06 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from [208.251.162.216] (1Cust216.tnt5.nyc1.da.uu.net [208.251.162.216])
	by gull.prod.itd.earthlink.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id SAA28311
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 8 May 1999 18:36:00 -0700 (PDT)
Message-Id: <l03130300b35aa570dad4@[208.251.162.232]>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Date: Sat, 8 May 1999 21:41:38 -0500
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: "James M. Cervino" <cnidaria@earthlink.net>
Subject: Porites Pink Blotch Disease
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "James M. Cervino" <cnidaria@earthlink.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 262
Les, Eric: My posting on the coral-list referred to the Porites sp. under
stress as a syndrome, not a disease.  A syndrome indicates the
characterization of a disease.  Although this looks like a disease, it has
not satisfied  Koch's postulates to be called a disease.  This  also
applies to yellow band syndrome of the Caribbean. Although this looks like
a disease, for now I will refer to it as a syndrome until proven otherwise.
Regarding Porites, what I am describing is an additional organism residing
on the coral surface layer NOT a change in host tissue pigmentation. The
pink blotches or ovoid bodies (raised above the coral tissue) is sitting on
the external surface or within the groves of the lesion which can extend 5
to 7 cm long.  These pink blotches that I collected appear  to be a
meshwork of fungal hyphae. These were easily removed with a syringe or
tweezer.  In some severe cases these pink blotches appeared (visual level)
in extending strands, in addition to a SLIGHT pigmentation change around
the rim of the lesion, which is probably a stress response.
I have not been able to tell if the pink organism or shall I say blotch  is
causing the deep depression similar to a ring. Some of these microbes can
degrade/dissolve mineral surfaces (metals, rocks, etc.) by several
different mechanisms.  Microbial induced corrosion or bioerosion has been
investigated by Golubic and colleagues (Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. vol
117:137-147 1995) and have clearly shown that fungal hyphae are common in
coral skeletons as endoliths, this is a start to help us understand the
behavior of micro-flora living within coral tissues as endoliths, however
more research is needed as to what is residing on the CSM during normal and
stressful conditions.
Therefore to clarify my observations;  the  Porites tissue is not turning
pink or exhibiting  a pinkish or purplish discoloration, there is an
un-known resident within the lesion or on the CSM resembling a fungal
hyphae.  This syndrome seems to be more abundant on the inner reefs closer
to shore compared to the outer reefs.
James M. Cervino
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat May  8 22:08:28 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id WAA22923 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 8 May 1999 22:08:28 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA19338; Sat, 8 May 1999 22:13:12 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma019328; Sat, 8 May 99 22:12:59 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 8 May 1999 22:10:20 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id BAA12107; Sun, 9 May 1999 01:42:56 GMT
Received: from relay4.hawaii.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id VAA12076; Sat, 8 May 1999 21:42:49 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from uhunix2.its.hawaii.edu ([128.171.44.7]) by relay4.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <373970(4)>; Sat, 8 May 1999 15:42:11 -1000
Received: from localhost by uhunix2.its.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <148473(3)>; Sat, 8 May 1999 15:42:32 -1000
Date: 	Sat, 8 May 1999 15:42:26 -1000
From: Cindy Hunter <cindyh@hawaii.edu>
X-Sender: cindyh@uhunix2
To: Les Kaufman <lesk@bio.bu.edu>
cc: "James M. Cervino" <cnidaria@earthlink.net>,
        coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Porites Pink Blotch Disease
In-Reply-To: <Pine.SUN.4.00.9905081108300.8248-100000@bio.bu.edu>
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.05.9905081512240.23104-100000@uhunix2>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Cindy Hunter <cindyh@hawaii.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 263
I'm here! I just turned email off for a few hours to go out for a snorkle
with Bob Steneck and Jen Smith--looking at war zones betweens Hawaiian
corals and algae.
I am in complete agreement with Les--"pinking" is a general response to
stress in Porites tissues. The source of the pigment(s) is an open
question. I do know that such tissus exhibit an in vivo spectral
absorbance peak at 580 nm--similar to pocilloporin?
What's interesting is why some "bad hair days" persist (turfs or
blue-greens recruit to lesions and hang in there) while others are fairly
benign (coral tissue recovers). It makes me wonder if bacteria or algal
components of the endolithic community (remember the discussion of pink
skeletal bands that some attributed to Bob Buddemeier's alizarin staining
of Pacific corals?) may move in, move up, or become more apparent in some
cases as coral tissues succumb. Les, I think you first brought this
possibility to my attention--areas of dying coral tissue can often look
green, as well as pink.
I also strongly agree with Les, Eric, and Esther--"disease" is a word that
is just beginning to be understood for corals. Let's talk about it.
Cindy
On Sat, 8 May 1999, Les Kaufman wrote:
> James and others:  my experience with Porites compressa, Porites lobata,
> and Porites evermanni (or so I took it to be) is that at least these
> species, and probably many other Porites, exhibit a pinkish or purplish
> discoloration in response to virtually any persistent insult- be they
> parasites, necrosis near fish bite marks, margins of advance by competing
> assemblages of endolith/algal turf (unsure who the main culprit is), or
> even the edges of damselfish gardens.  I think it is misleading to refer
> to this collection of processes as a single disease.  Even if there is a
> disease that produces a distinct, recognizable manifestation of the pink
> discoloration, neophytes will have a devil of a time distinguishing it
> from all the other pinkish blotches these corals produce.  Pink in
> at least some Indo-Pacific Porites means "bad hair day."  Cindy Hunter,
> help us!
>
> Les Kaufman
> Boston University Marine Program
> lesk@bio.bu.edu
> 617-353-5560 office
> 617-353-6965 lab
> 617-353-6340 fax
>
>
>
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat May  8 22:38:42 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id WAA23137 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 8 May 1999 22:38:41 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA19736; Sat, 8 May 1999 22:43:25 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma019726; Sat, 8 May 99 22:43:06 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 8 May 1999 22:40:28 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id CAA12227; Sun, 9 May 1999 02:10:14 GMT
Received: from onondaga.gate.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id WAA12247; Sat, 8 May 1999 22:10:01 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from gate.net (tsmia1-39.gate.net [207.36.181.39]) by onondaga.gate.net (8.8.6/8.6.12) with ESMTP id WAA94504 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 8 May 1999 22:07:32 -0400
Message-Id: <3734ED29.2515D5D0@gate.net>
Date: Sat, 08 May 1999 22:04:25 -0400
From: Steven Miller <smiller@gate.net>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en]C-DIAL  (Win98; I)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
CC: Coral Reef List Server <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: ISRS statement on coral diseases
References: <199905082041_MC2-7505-92C5@compuserve.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Steven Miller <smiller@gate.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 264
For those that missed it the first time around, the International Society for
Reef Studies (ISRS) developed a scientific consensus statement on coral
diseases.  The statement was compiled by an ad hoc group of scientists in
ISRS, composed of individuals who are directly or indirectly considering
disease as part of their research programs.
http://www.uncwil.edu/isrs    The disease statement is in the "What's New"
section.
Steven Miller, Ph.D.  (ISRS Recording Secretary)
Director
National Undersea Research Center
University of North Carolina at Wilmington
http://www.uncwil.edu/nurc
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat May  8 22:39:43 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id WAA23154 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 8 May 1999 22:39:42 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA19757; Sat, 8 May 1999 22:44:26 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xmaa19726; Sat, 8 May 99 22:44:14 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 8 May 1999 22:41:37 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id CAA12217; Sun, 9 May 1999 02:00:22 GMT
Received: from piro.coqui.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id WAA12210; Sat, 8 May 1999 22:00:08 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from 196.42.62.64 (ppp-196-42-62-64.coqui.net [196.42.62.64])
	by piro.coqui.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id WAA28750
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 8 May 1999 22:00:51 GMT
Message-Id: <199905082200.WAA28750@piro.coqui.net>
X-Mailer: Microsoft Internet Mail & News for Macintosh - 3.0c (405)
Date: Sat, 08 May 1999 22:11:30 +0000
Subject: Re: "Sea lice"
From: "Kathy V. Hall" <kvhall@coqui.net>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Mime-version: 1.0
Content-type: multipart/alternative; boundary="Next_Part_3009046290_712125_MS_Mac_IMN"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Kathy V. Hall" <kvhall@coqui.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 265
> THIS MESSAGE IS IN MIME FORMAT. Since your mail reader does not understand
this format, some or all of this message may not be legible.
--Next_Part_3009046290_712125_MS_Mac_IMN
Content-type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Content-transfer-encoding: 7bit
Dear Pam and others afflicted by seabather's eruption,
Dr. Alina Szmant and other researchers from the Univ. of Miami collaborated
in 1992 in the discovery that seabather's eruption, mistakenly thought to be
caused by "sea lice," was really caused by the stinging larvae of the
thimble jellyfish Linuche unquiculata.  The web site
http://www.fau.edu/safe/sea-lice.html is an excellent resource on the
subject; and includes photos of the organism and patients, and prevention
and treatment.  A site with additional treatment info. for various
bothersome marine critters is
http://www.scubadiving.com/training/medicine/booboos.shtml.  I was not able
to access this safety soap site, but it sounds promising
http://safetysoap.com/SeaLice/attentio.htm  (if anyone gets in let me know).
Kathy Hall
Victim in Puerto Rico
----------
> From: Pam Muller <pmuller@seas.marine.usf.edu>
> To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
> Subject: "Sea lice"
> Date: Fri, 7 May 1999 11:33:03 -0400 (EDT)
>
>Attention Researchers in the Florida Keys:
>
>Those charming little friends lovingly called "sea lice" are thick and
>pesky in the neuston in Keys waters these days.
>
>What exactly are they?  I have heard everything from firecoral larvae to
>small jelly's.  Or can several types of tiny cnideria produce the same
>response in sensitive individuals?
>
>To quote an old song:  "Gonna need an ocean ----- of calamine lotion"
>
>Happy scratching!
>
>Pamela Hallock Muller
>Department of Marine Science
>University of South Florida
>140 Seventh Avenue South
>St. Petersburg, FL 33701 USA
>pmuller@marine.usf.edu
>Phone: 727-553-1567
>FAX: 727-553-1189 	NOTE NEW AREA CODE!!!
>
>"Discovery consists of seeing what everybody has seen and thinking what
>nobody has thought."  - Albert Szent-Gyorgyi -
--Next_Part_3009046290_712125_MS_Mac_IMN
Content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii"
Content-transfer-encoding: 7bit
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Re: "Sea lice"</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
Dear Pam and others afflicted by seabather's eruption,<BR>
<BR>
Dr. Alina Szmant and other researchers from the Univ. of Miami collaborated in 1992 in the discovery that seabather's eruption, mistakenly thought to be caused by "sea lice," was really caused by the stinging larvae of the thimble jellyfish <I>Linuche unquiculata.</I>  The web site <U>http://www.fau.edu/safe/sea-lice.html</U> is an excellent resource on the subject; and includes photos of the organism and patients, and prevention and treatment.  A site with additional treatment info. for various bothersome marine critters is <U>http://www.scubadiving.com/training/medicine/booboos.shtml</U>.  I was not able to access this safety soap site, but it sounds promising <U>http://safetysoap.com/SeaLice/attentio.htm</U>  (if anyone gets in let me know).<BR>
<U><BR>
</U>Kathy Hall<BR>
Victim in Puerto Rico<BR>
<BR>
----------<BR>
> From: Pam Muller <pmuller@seas.marine.usf.edu> <BR>
> To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov <BR>
> Subject: "Sea lice"<BR>
> Date: Fri, 7 May 1999 11:33:03 -0400 (EDT)<BR>
> <BR>
>Attention Researchers in the Florida Keys:<BR>
><BR>
>Those charming little friends lovingly called "sea lice" are thick and<BR>
>pesky in the neuston in Keys waters these days.  <BR>
><BR>
>What exactly are they?  I have heard everything from firecoral larvae to<BR>
>small jelly's.  Or can several types of tiny cnideria produce the same<BR>
>response in sensitive individuals?<BR>
><BR>
>To quote an old song:  "Gonna need an ocean ----- of calamine lotion" <BR>
><BR>
>Happy scratching!<BR>
><BR>
>Pamela Hallock Muller<BR>
>Department of Marine Science<BR>
>University of South Florida<BR>
>140 Seventh Avenue South<BR>
>St. Petersburg, FL 33701 USA<BR>
>pmuller@marine.usf.edu<BR>
>Phone: 727-553-1567<BR>
>FAX: 727-553-1189 	NOTE NEW AREA CODE!!!<BR>
><BR>
>"Discovery consists of seeing what everybody has seen and thinking what<BR>
>nobody has thought."  - Albert Szent-Gyorgyi -<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
</BODY>
</HTML>
--Next_Part_3009046290_712125_MS_Mac_IMN--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun May  9 20:37:41 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id UAA03019 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 9 May 1999 20:37:39 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA14785; Sun, 9 May 1999 20:42:23 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma014751; Sun, 9 May 99 20:41:22 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sun, 9 May 1999 20:38:42 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id XAA16501; Sun, 9 May 1999 23:52:53 GMT
Received: from acs3.bu.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id TAA17713; Sun, 9 May 1999 19:52:45 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from localhost (cbentis@localhost) by acs3.bu.edu ((8.8.8.buoit.v1.0.ACS)/) with SMTP id TAA37604; Sun, 9 May 1999 19:52:40 -0400
Date: Sun, 9 May 1999 19:52:40 -0400 (EDT)
From: Chris Bentis <cbentis@bu.edu>
To: Les Kaufman <lesk@bio.bu.edu>
cc: "James M. Cervino" <cnidaria@earthlink.net>,
        coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Porites Pink Blotch Disease
In-Reply-To: <Pine.SUN.4.00.9905081108300.8248-100000@bio.bu.edu>
Message-Id: <Pine.A32.3.96.990509194649.88914A-100000@acs3.bu.edu>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Chris Bentis <cbentis@bu.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 266
I contacted cindy and her sentiments on this issue relfect yours.  I use
the term "disease" loosely and am not quick to believe that  all apparent
afflictions that are observed in corals have distinct etiologies.  T^he
whole "coral disease" group seems to be a mess of unidentifiable
observations with a few relatively weel understood phenomena.
Anyway, by midweek I would like to have a draft of the paper on cones
for the Biological Bulletin Research notes that
I would like you to review.  Have one now but it needs revision.
-Chris
On Sat, 8 May 1999, Les Kaufman wrote:
> James and others:  my experience with Porites compressa, Porites lobata,
> and Porites evermanni (or so I took it to be) is that at least these
> species, and probably many other Porites, exhibit a pinkish or purplish
> discoloration in response to virtually any persistent insult- be they
> parasites, necrosis near fish bite marks, margins of advance by competing
> assemblages of endolith/algal turf (unsure who the main culprit is), or
> even the edges of damselfish gardens.  I think it is misleading to refer
> to this collection of processes as a single disease.  Even if there is a
> disease that produces a distinct, recognizable manifestation of the pink
> discoloration, neophytes will have a devil of a time distinguishing it
> from all the other pinkish blotches these corals produce.  Pink in
> at least some Indo-Pacific Porites means "bad hair day."  Cindy Hunter,
> help us!
>
> Les Kaufman
> Boston University Marine Program
> lesk@bio.bu.edu
> 617-353-5560 office
> 617-353-6965 lab
> 617-353-6340 fax
>
>
>
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun May  9 23:35:48 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id XAA04342 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 9 May 1999 23:35:47 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id XAA18175; Sun, 9 May 1999 23:38:52 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma018165; Sun, 9 May 99 23:38:31 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sun, 9 May 1999 23:35:52 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id CAA18768; Mon, 10 May 1999 02:59:49 GMT
Received: from imc01.ex.nus.edu.sg by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id WAA17923; Sun, 9 May 1999 22:59:41 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by imc01.ex.nus.edu.sg with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
	id <JPAMDWLL>; Mon, 10 May 1999 11:00:05 +0800
Message-Id: <4B0D7BF452B9D011899D0020AFFBEE6101E6B0D8@exs03.ex.nus.edu.sg>
From: "Goh Pi Lee,Beverly" <tmsgohb@nus.edu.sg>
To: "'coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov'" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Conference announcment
Date: Mon, 10 May 1999 11:00:04 +0800
MIME-Version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="ISO-8859-1"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Goh Pi Lee,Beverly" <tmsgohb@nus.edu.sg>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 267
First Announcement
ASIA-PACIFIC CONGRESS ON
THE BIOLOGY OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Date:	 21-24 November 1999
Venue:	 National University of Singapore
LT 24-28
Organised by
The Singapore Institute of Biology (SIBiol)
Co-organisers
National University of Singapore (Department of Biological Sciences)
Nanyang Technological University (Division of Biology, School of Science)
National Parks Board Singapore
Singapore National Academy of Science
Organizing committee
Chairman		Prof  CHOU Loke Ming
Vice-chairman		A/Prof TAN Teck Koon
Hon. Secretary		A/Prof Shirley S.L. LIM
				Assistant Secretary 	A/Prof CHIA Tet Fatt
Hon. Treasurer	A/Prof YEOH Hock Hin
Assistant Treasurer	Asst Prof Wendell SUN
Subcommittees
Chairperson:  A/Prof Mulkit SINGH (scientific and programme)
Asst Prof  N. SODHI (logistics)
A/Prof HO Shuit Hung (accommodations)
Ms FOONG Lai Leong (social)
Ms Jennifer TAN (trade exhibition)
Ms Adeline KOH (conference materials)
CONGRESS SECRETARIAT
A/Prof Shirley S.L. LIM
c/o Division of Biology, School of Science
Nanyang Technological University
NIE, 469 Bukit Timah Road
Singapore 259756
Tel:65) 460 5400
Fax : (65) 469 8928
E-mail : slim@nie.edu.sg
CONGRESS THEME
Biology has improved our understanding of environmental processes
and increased our capacity to manage the environment.  Application of
biological knowledge towards slowing down or arresting unnecessary
degradation of the environment has become of greater significance in our
endeavour to live in harmony with nature. Advances in biology encompassing
wide ranging disciplines ranging from the molecular and cellular level to
entire ecosystems have demonstrated that sustainable development is not a
dream but an achievable goal.
This Congress on the Biology of the Environment
 is aimed at drawing attention to the important role of biology in
maintaining the integrity and quality of the world around us. The organising
committee extends a warm welcome
to you to participate in this meeting.
TOPICS FOR SCIENTIFIC SESSIONS
Habitat restoration
Conservation/preservation of habitat
Biodiversity
Endangered species
Species interactions
Environmental molecular biology
Environmental modelling
REGISTRATION
Please complete the Registration Form and return it with your registration
fee
 and abstract (if you are giving an oral presentation) to:
A/P Shirley S L Lim
Hon, Secretary, Congress Organising Committee
c/o School of Science
Nanyang Technological University
NIE, 469 Bukit Timah Road
Singapore 259756
FAX: (65) 469-8928
E-mail: slim@nie.edu.sg
REGISTRATION FEE
Overseas participants
		Early Registration (before 15 July 1999) 		$250
[US$175]
		Late registration (after 15 July 1999)			$300
[US$210]
Local participants
		Members of SIBiol					$150
		Non members 						$200
		Students						$
30
Registered participants will be provided with the conference materials, tea
breaks and invitations to the opening ceremony reception and congress
banquet. Student participants will only be entitled to tea breaks and the
book of abstracts.
ACCOMMODATION
Arrangements for hotel as well as University dormitory accommodation and
hotel accommodations are being negotiated and details will be provided in
the second circular.
OFFICIAL LETTER OF INVITATION
Official letters of invitation, which are intended to help overcome
administrative difficulties in certain countries, will be issued on request.
Such letters do not imply commitment of financial or other support by the
organizing committee.  Please provide relevant information to assist with
the preparation of the letter of invitation.
METHOD OF PAYMENT
All registration fees must be paid in Singapore or US dollars by a bank
draft/money order drawn on a Singapore bank and made payable to "Singapore
Institute of Biology Environment Congress"(personal cheques are not
acceptable from overseas participants).
SCIENTIFIC EXHIBITION
A trade exhibition will be held in conjunction with the Congress.
ATTEND THE CONGRESS AND BE PART OF
THE  MillenniaMania CELEBRATIONS
In conjunction with the Millenniamania campaign celebrations
organised by the Singapore Tourist Promotion Board, every visitor to
Singapore during the period from June 1999 to August 2000, will stand a
chance to win a return vacation to Singapore through a daily lucky draw.
Visitors will also stand a chance to win the Grand Draw prize of a free
luxury return holiday for himself and 20 of his guests.
PRELIMINARY REGISTRATION FORM
(please complete and return by e-mail or air mail)
ASIA-PACIFIC CONGRESS ON
THE BIOLOGY OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Date: 21-24 November 1999
Venue: National University of Singapore
To:		A/Prof Shirley S L LIM
		Hon Secretary, Singapore Institute of Biology
		c/o Division of Biology, School of Science
				Nanyang Technological University
				NIE, 469 Bukit Timah Road
Fax : (65) 469-8928
				Singapore 259756
E-mail : slim@nie.edu.sg
From: ______________________________________________________________
(1)	I would like to participate in the Congress, as follows (please
tick):
(       )	Attend the Congress
(       )	Present a paper at the Congress. Please submit an abstract,
with title, of not more than 250 words via e-mail or airmail to the Hon
Secretary)
(       )	Present a poster at the Congress
(2)	My particulars are as follows:
Name: Prof/Dr/Mr/Mrs/Ms   _______________________________________________
						[Family/Last name]
[Given name(s)]
Affiliation:______________________________________________________________
Mailing Address:
  ______________________________________________________________________
  ______________________________________________________________________
Tel:___________________E-mail:________________ Fax:_______________________
Accompanying person(s)
Name: Prof/Dr/Mr/Ms   _______________________________________________
						[Family/Last name]
[Given name(s)]
(3)	My registration fee is enclosed.
Signature: _____________________________ Date: ____________________________
Secretariat use only:
Registration No: ______________________
Date Received: _______________________
Organizer: Singapore Institute of Biology Co-organizers: National University
of Singapore (Department of Biological Siences); Nanyang Technological
University (Division of Biology, School of Science); National Parks Board;
Simgapore National Academy of Sciences
Dr. Beverly Goh
Tropical Marine Science Institute (TMSI)
National University of Singapore
14 Kent Ridge Road, SINGAPORE 119223
Tel: +65 774 9883 / 9658 / 9652
Fax: +65 774 9654      email: tmsgohb@nus.edu.sg
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon May 10 00:08:30 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id AAA04646 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 10 May 1999 00:08:29 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id AAA18706; Mon, 10 May 1999 00:12:10 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma018691; Mon, 10 May 99 00:11:25 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 10 May 1999 00:08:46 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id DAA19035; Mon, 10 May 1999 03:54:35 GMT
Received: from relay4.hawaii.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id XAA15774; Sun, 9 May 1999 23:54:27 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from uhunix2.its.hawaii.edu ([128.171.44.7]) by relay4.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <374511(2)>; Sun, 9 May 1999 17:53:53 -1000
Received: from localhost by uhunix2.its.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <148471(7)>; Sun, 9 May 1999 17:54:12 -1000
Date: 	Sun, 9 May 1999 17:54:06 -1000
From: Cindy Hunter <cindyh@hawaii.edu>
X-Sender: cindyh@uhunix2
To: Chris Bentis <cbentis@bu.edu>
cc: Les Kaufman <lesk@bio.bu.edu>, "James M. Cervino" <cnidaria@earthlink.net>,
        coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Porites Pink Blotch Disease
In-Reply-To: <Pine.A32.3.96.990509194649.88914A-100000@acs3.bu.edu>
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.05.9905091753550.5137-100000@uhunix2>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Cindy Hunter <cindyh@hawaii.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 268
Cones?
On Sun, 9 May 1999, Chris Bentis wrote:
> I contacted cindy and her sentiments on this issue relfect yours.  I use
> the term "disease" loosely and am not quick to believe that  all apparent
> afflictions that are observed in corals have distinct etiologies.  T^he
> whole "coral disease" group seems to be a mess of unidentifiable
> observations with a few relatively weel understood phenomena.
> Anyway, by midweek I would like to have a draft of the paper on cones
> for the Biological Bulletin Research notes that
> I would like you to review.  Have one now but it needs revision.
> -Chris
>
>
> On Sat, 8 May 1999, Les Kaufman wrote:
>
> > James and others:  my experience with Porites compressa, Porites lobata,
> > and Porites evermanni (or so I took it to be) is that at least these
> > species, and probably many other Porites, exhibit a pinkish or purplish
> > discoloration in response to virtually any persistent insult- be they
> > parasites, necrosis near fish bite marks, margins of advance by competing
> > assemblages of endolith/algal turf (unsure who the main culprit is), or
> > even the edges of damselfish gardens.  I think it is misleading to refer
> > to this collection of processes as a single disease.  Even if there is a
> > disease that produces a distinct, recognizable manifestation of the pink
> > discoloration, neophytes will have a devil of a time distinguishing it
> > from all the other pinkish blotches these corals produce.  Pink in
> > at least some Indo-Pacific Porites means "bad hair day."  Cindy Hunter,
> > help us!
> >
> > Les Kaufman
> > Boston University Marine Program
> > lesk@bio.bu.edu
> > 617-353-5560 office
> > 617-353-6965 lab
> > 617-353-6340 fax
> >
> >
> >
> >
>
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon May 10 01:30:13 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id BAA05934 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 10 May 1999 01:30:12 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id BAA20351; Mon, 10 May 1999 01:34:57 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma020339; Mon, 10 May 99 01:34:26 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 10 May 1999 01:31:49 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id FAA19195; Mon, 10 May 1999 05:15:16 GMT
Received: from mailer1.u-ryukyu.ac.jp by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id BAA19238; Mon, 10 May 1999 01:15:08 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from cc1.cc.u-ryukyu.ac.jp (cc1.cc.u-ryukyu.ac.jp [133.13.2.10])
	by mailer1.u-ryukyu.ac.jp (8.8.8+Sun/3.7W) with ESMTP id OAA00766
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 10 May 1999 14:14:36 +0900 (JST)
Received: from sci1.sci.u-ryukyu.ac.jp (sci1 [133.13.128.1])
	by cc1.cc.u-ryukyu.ac.jp (8.8.8+Sun/3.7W) with ESMTP id OAA22306
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 10 May 1999 14:14:36 +0900 (JST)
Received: from sci.u-ryukyu.ac.jp ([133.13.129.68])
	by sci1.sci.u-ryukyu.ac.jp (8.8.8+Sun/3.7W) with ESMTP id OAA11413
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 10 May 1999 14:14:35 +0900 (JST)
Message-Id: <37366A9B.9A08A530@sci.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
Date: Mon, 10 May 1999 14:11:55 +0900
From: Robert van Woesik <b984138@sci.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.51 [en] (Win95; I)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Porites
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
 boundary="------------01A177C9BAF271E46B825987"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Robert van Woesik <b984138@sci.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 269
--------------01A177C9BAF271E46B825987
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Hi all,
the Porites pink debated continued ... my two cents worth.
I wrote a short article in MEPS last year (MEPS 164: 213-220, 1998
"Lesion healing on massive Porites spp. corals"), see excerpt below for
relevant text. Clearly the pink colorations were not diseases but rather
active calcification areas. This then is in argeement with Cindy's and
Les's comments.
>From the above citation....(page 215)
Regeneration commenced with an initial 2-3 mm upward growth of the
healing edge followed by lateral encroachment of soft tissue and
skeleton toward the lesion's centre within the first month. The healing
edge was a conspicuous pink colour in the first month then became pale.
Macroalgae (Padina sp.) were common on the lesions in winter (December)
-  four months after the lesions were inflicted. No macroalgae were
present after February 1995.  Lesion recovery was not deterred by
filamentous or macroalgae. No evidence of grazing was seen on the
lesions throughout the study. A pink fleck consistently appeared on the
healing edge as it closed. The fleck turned pale one month  prior to
complete healing. ...
Rob van Woesik
--------------01A177C9BAF271E46B825987
Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en">
<html>
Hi all,
<p>the <i>Porites</i> pink debated continued ... my two cents worth.
<p>I wrote a short article in MEPS last year (MEPS 164: 213-220, 1998 "Lesion
healing on massive <i>Porites</i> spp. corals"), see excerpt below for
relevant text. Clearly the pink colorations were not diseases but rather
active calcification areas. This then is in argeement with Cindy's and
Les's comments.
<p>From the above citation....(page 215)
<br>Regeneration commenced with an initial 2-3 mm upward growth of the
healing edge followed by lateral encroachment of soft tissue and skeleton
toward the lesion's centre within the first month. The healing edge was
a conspicuous <i><b>pink colour</b> </i>in the first month then became
pale. Macroalgae (<i>Padina</i> sp.) were common on the lesions in winter
(December) -&nbsp; four months after the lesions were inflicted. No macroalgae
were present after February 1995.&nbsp; Lesion recovery was not deterred
by filamentous or macroalgae. No evidence of grazing was seen on the lesions
throughout the study. <b><i>A pink fleck </i></b>consistently appeared
on the healing edge as it closed. The fleck turned pale one month&nbsp;
prior to complete healing. ...
<br>&nbsp;
<p>Rob van Woesik</html>
--------------01A177C9BAF271E46B825987--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon May 10 08:22:44 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA09662 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 10 May 1999 08:22:43 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA28920; Mon, 10 May 1999 08:27:28 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028901; Mon, 10 May 99 08:27:20 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 10 May 1999 08:24:35 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id LAA21166; Mon, 10 May 1999 11:56:04 GMT
Received: from falcon.prod.itd.earthlink.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id HAA20993; Mon, 10 May 1999 07:55:55 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from [208.251.162.143] (1Cust47.tnt5.nyc1.da.uu.net [208.251.162.47])
	by falcon.prod.itd.earthlink.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id EAA21678
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 10 May 1999 04:55:49 -0700 (PDT)
Message-Id: <l03130301b35c882ab1ea@[208.251.162.143]>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Date: Mon, 10 May 1999 08:01:30 -0500
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: "James M. Cervino" <cnidaria@earthlink.net>
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "James M. Cervino" <cnidaria@earthlink.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 270
Dear Robert and others,
ROBERT: The healing edge was a conspicuous pink colour in the first month
then became pale.
JAMES: YES YOU ARE CORRECT,  PIGMENTATION CHANGE IS EVIDENT AROUND THE
HEALING EDGE, HOWEVER, NOT IN OTHER AREAS ON THAT PARTICULAR CORAL COLONY.
THE REASON THIS CAN BE CONFUSING IS THE PIGMENTED PINK RING OR BLOTCH IS
SEEN ON THE OUTSIDE OF THE LESION MARKED BY THE DEPRESSED SKELETON.
SIMILAR TO THE BEHAVIOR OF YELLOW BAND/BLOTCH IN THE CARIBBEAN, HOWEVER,
THE DEPRESSION IS DEEPER WITH REGARD TO THE PORITES SYNDROME.  THE PURPLISH
BLOTCH ON 2 OF MY PHOTOS LOOKS SIMILAR TO WHAT I HAVE SEEN ON ESTHER PETERS
DISEASE HOME PAGE UNDER NEOPLASMS.  LOSS OF POLYP STRUCTURE ((original
pigment and mucus is not evident in the blotch, suggesting loss of
zooxanthelle)).  Is this possible??
ROBERT: A pink fleck consistently appeared on the healing edge as it
closed. The fleck turned pale one month prior to complete healing.
THIS UN-KNOWN OVOID SHAPED RESIDENT WITH STRANDS EXTENDING OUTWARD CAN BE
SEE ON THE  CORAL SURFACE LAYER WITHOUT LESIONS. MANY HEALTHY CORALS
(PROBABLY DURING THE BEGINNING) HAVE THESE PINK OVOID SHAPED BODIES ALL
OVER THEM. IT WOULD BE INTERESTING TO FOLLOW IT AT THIS STAGE TO SEE IF
THIS IS CAUSING THE LESION. THIS UN-KNOWN RESIDENT CAN ALSO BE SEEN IN AND
AROUND LESIONS AS WELL.
QUESTIONS TO BE ANSWERED:
1)WHAT IS THE OVOID SHAPED ORGANISM
2) IS IT CAUSING THE LESION
3)ARE FISH OR OTHER MARINE ORGANISMS RESPONSIBLE
4)IS THIS RECOVERY AFTER FISH DAMAGE  (the corals we are looking at are not
in recovery).
Thanks for the discussion, James
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon May 10 11:14:27 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA15180 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 10 May 1999 11:14:26 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA12366; Mon, 10 May 1999 11:19:10 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma012303; Mon, 10 May 99 11:18:49 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 10 May 1999 11:15:33 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA21945; Mon, 10 May 1999 14:43:46 GMT
Received: from postoffice2.mail.cornell.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <Coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA21901; Mon, 10 May 1999 10:43:39 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from [132.236.111.152] ([132.236.111.152])
	by postoffice2.mail.cornell.edu (8.8.8/8.8.8) with ESMTP id KAA17967
	for <Coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 10 May 1999 10:43:34 -0400 (EDT)
X-Sender: ljr5@postoffice4.mail.cornell.edu
Message-Id: <v0400300cb35c93ca6ae9@[132.236.111.152]>
In-Reply-To: <Pine.GSO.4.05.9905071212330.9135-100000@uhunix4>
References: <v04003000b358cedeb84a@[132.236.111.152]>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Date: Mon, 10 May 1999 09:53:18 -0400
To: Coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Laurie Jeanne Raymundo <ljr5@cornell.edu>
Subject: Re: Purple rings
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Laurie Jeanne Raymundo <ljr5@cornell.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 271
Hello, all:
Although I've responded to many of you personally, I would like to thank
everyone collectively for your input.  The whole coral disease topic is
obviously of great interest to many of us, and I totally agree that we need
to proceed cautiously and rigorously, and to err on the side of caution.
The feedback I have gotten from Les, Eric, Cindy, and Harry has been very
helpful and has actually tweaked my interest in investigating the
phenomenon I have seen on our reefs in the Philippines. It would be very
interesting to try to determine why some lesions heal and others get
colonized by algal tufts, as well as to find out if they actually start out
as fish bites, which seems to make sense.  Perhaps in the future, I will
contact you all again for some more ideas.  Meanwhile, I will try to take
some good pictures this summer.  Thanks, again.
Laurie
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon May 10 12:48:09 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA18155 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 10 May 1999 12:48:08 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA23081; Mon, 10 May 1999 12:52:52 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma023001; Mon, 10 May 99 12:52:21 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 10 May 1999 12:49:41 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA22460; Mon, 10 May 1999 16:23:01 GMT
Received: from seas.marine.usf.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA22432; Mon, 10 May 1999 12:22:53 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from localhost (pmuller@localhost)
	by seas.marine.usf.edu (8.9.1a/8.9.1) with SMTP id MAA27436;
	Mon, 10 May 1999 12:22:26 -0400 (EDT)
Date: Mon, 10 May 1999 12:22:26 -0400 (EDT)
From: Pam Muller <pmuller@seas.marine.usf.edu>
To: "Kathy V. Hall" <kvhall@coqui.net>
cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: "Sea lice"
In-Reply-To: <199905082200.WAA28750@piro.coqui.net>
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.02.9905101215250.26372-100000@seas.marine.usf.edu>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Pam Muller <pmuller@seas.marine.usf.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 272
Many thanks to all the respondents re: sea lice, which I learned should be
called "seabather's eruption".  From the replies I received, I wasn't
alone in not knowing exactly who were the culprits.
So particular thanks to Alina Szmant and Kathy Hall - Kathy gaves us all
the info on websites.
Safe diving!!
Pam
Pamela Hallock Muller
Department of Marine Science
University of South Florida
140 Seventh Avenue South
St. Petersburg, FL 33701 USA
pmuller@marine.usf.edu
Phone: 727-553-1567
FAX: 727-553-1189 	NOTE NEW AREA CODE!!!
"Discovery consists of seeing what everybody has seen and thinking what
nobody has thought."  - Albert Szent-Gyorgyi -
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon May 10 15:32:25 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA23282 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 10 May 1999 15:32:24 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA12884; Mon, 10 May 1999 15:36:05 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma012849; Mon, 10 May 99 15:35:42 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 10 May 1999 15:31:37 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA22768; Mon, 10 May 1999 18:53:53 GMT
Received: from smtp2.hawaii.rr.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA23173; Mon, 10 May 1999 14:53:39 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from computer - 24.94.77.179 by smtp2.hawaii.rr.com  with Microsoft SMTPSVC(5.5.1774.114.11);
	 Mon, 10 May 1999 08:55:28 -1000
Message-Id: <001001be9b15$e3c1cce0$b34d5e18@computer.hawaii.rr.com>
From: "keven reed" <reedk001@hawaii.rr.com>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Daytime spawning by Pocilloporids in Okinawa, Japan
Date: Mon, 10 May 1999 08:49:52 -1000
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_000D_01BE9AC2.11EB0360"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.3110.1
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "keven reed" <reedk001@hawaii.rr.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 273
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_000D_01BE9AC2.11EB0360
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
To add to Pauline-Fiene Severns observations on the spawning cycles of =
Pocilloporids at Molokini Crater, Hawai'i:  I saw three Pocilloporids =
(Pocillopora verrucosa?) releasing sperm about 1030-1100 on June 22, =
1997 at Chiibishi reef.  It was the day after a full moon on 21 June =
1997.  I was a guest of Prof. Rob van Woesik's class on a boat dive at =
Chiibishi Reef about 14 km west-northwest of Naha, Okinawa, approx 26 =
degrees 15 minutes N. =20
    Most on the dive did not to get to see these significant events.  =
However, I was paired up with Akiyuki and it was he who astutely spotted =
the "smoking" scleractinians.  We noticed the first colony releasing =
sperm at 8 meters depth, and later in the dive two more colonies at 6.4 =
meters depth.  Water temperature was 26 C/78 F.  Low tide had been at =
0736 and high tide was scheduled for 1421.
Keven Reed, O.D., FAAO
Naval Medical Clinic Pearl Harbor, Hawai'i
FAX:  (808) 473-1882
email:  reedk001@hawaii.rr.com
Home telephone: (808) 677-3044
Work telephone: (808) 473-1880 ext 350
------=_NextPart_000_000D_01BE9AC2.11EB0360
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META content=3Dtext/html;charset=3Diso-8859-1 =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D'"MSHTML 4.72.3110.7"' name=3DGENERATOR>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>To add to Pauline-Fiene Severns =
observations on=20
the spawning cycles of Pocilloporids at Molokini Crater, Hawai'i:&nbsp; =
I saw=20
three Pocilloporids (Pocillopora verrucosa?) releasing sperm about =
1030-1100 on=20
June 22, 1997 at Chiibishi reef.&nbsp; It was the day after a full moon =
on 21=20
June 1997.&nbsp; I was a guest of Prof. Rob van Woesik's class on a boat =
dive at=20
Chiibishi Reef about 14 km west-northwest of Naha, Okinawa, approx 26 =
degrees 15=20
minutes N.&nbsp; </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Most on the dive =
did not to=20
get to see these significant events.&nbsp; However, I was paired up with =
Akiyuki=20
and it was he who astutely spotted the &quot;smoking&quot; =
scleractinians.&nbsp;=20
We noticed the first colony releasing sperm at 8 meters depth, and later =
in the=20
dive two more colonies at 6.4 meters depth.&nbsp; Water temperature was =
26 C/78=20
F.&nbsp; Low tide had been at 0736 and high tide was scheduled for=20
1421.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Keven Reed, O.D., FAAO<BR>Naval =
Medical Clinic=20
Pearl Harbor, Hawai'i<BR>FAX:&nbsp; (808) 473-1882<BR>email:&nbsp; <A=20
href=3D"mailto:reedk001@hawaii.rr.com">reedk001@hawaii.rr.com</A><BR>Home=
=20
telephone: (808) 677-3044<BR>Work telephone: (808) 473-1880 ext=20
350<BR></FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_000_000D_01BE9AC2.11EB0360--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue May 11 15:51:49 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA22227 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 11 May 1999 15:51:49 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA08087; Tue, 11 May 1999 15:55:32 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma008006; Tue, 11 May 99 15:54:50 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 11 May 1999 15:50:59 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA30188; Tue, 11 May 1999 19:15:59 GMT
Received: from relay4.hawaii.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id PAA30232; Tue, 11 May 1999 15:15:35 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from uhunix4.its.hawaii.edu ([128.171.44.54]) by relay4.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <374060(5)>; Tue, 11 May 1999 09:15:00 -1000
Received: from localhost by uhunix4.its.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <171772(9)>; Tue, 11 May 1999 09:15:28 -1000
Date: 	Tue, 11 May 1999 09:15:26 -1000
From: "J. Charles Delbeek" <delbeek@hawaii.edu>
X-Sender: delbeek@uhunix4
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: hi from john in bundy (fwd)
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.05.9905110913520.8799-100000@uhunix4>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "J. Charles Delbeek" <delbeek@hawaii.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 274
>From a friend of mine in Bundaberg, Australia.
J. Charles Delbeek M.Sc.
Aquarium Biologist
Waikiki Aquarium
University of Hawaii
"The fact that my physiology differs from yours pleases me to no end."
Mr. Spock
---------- Forwarded message ----------
Date: Mon, 10 May 1999 14:52:32 -1000
Subject: hi from john in bundy
The coral here is nothing short of fantastic at present. There is no sign of
the bleaching and in fact we believe the regeneration is an improvement on
what was there before. This is the opinion of several old timers who have
been diving these parts for many years.
Most amazing is the favia types. Many that I had given up for dead have
come back with a vengence, and have such vivid color that it is impossible
to believe that a year ago they were a bleached skeleton seemingly void of
life. As I said before the Dendro's are also proliferating and have
populated areas that they previously were not to be found. This is
especially true in areas less than 15' depth.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed May 12 09:43:35 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA10791 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 12 May 1999 09:43:34 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA17328; Wed, 12 May 1999 09:46:41 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma017280; Wed, 12 May 99 09:45:59 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 12 May 1999 09:41:50 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA35008; Wed, 12 May 1999 12:57:26 GMT
Received: from kuhub.cc.ukans.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id IAA33229; Wed, 12 May 1999 08:57:17 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from KUHUB.CC.UKANS.EDU by KUHUB.CC.UKANS.EDU (PMDF V5.2-31 #32698)
 id <01JB3PCGTTOG00YQK6@KUHUB.CC.UKANS.EDU> for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov;
 Wed, 12 May 1999 07:56:58 CDT (UTC -05:00)
Date: Wed, 12 May 1999 07:56:51 -0500 (UTC -05:00)
From: "DAPHNE G. FAUTIN" <fautin@kuhub.cc.ukans.edu>
Subject: lost members
In-reply-to: <Pine.GSO.4.05.9905110913520.8799-100000@uhunix4>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Cc: DAPHNE FAUTIN <FAUTIN@UKANS.EDU>
Message-Id: <Pine.PMDF.3.96.990512075103.1620726A-100000@KUHUB.CC.UKANS.EDU>
MIME-version: 1.0
Content-type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "DAPHNE G. FAUTIN" <fautin@kuhub.cc.ukans.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 275
The International Society for Reef Studies has lost some of its members.
The following people are current members but the address the ISRS business
office has for each is apparently no longer valid -- journals and other
mailings have been returned to the business office.
I would appreciate these people or anyone who knows their whereabouts to
contact me with a valid current address so they can be sent what they have
paid for!
Onno Diekmann -- last known address in Groningen
Ryoumatu Imai -- last known address in Sendai City
Morgan Pratchett -- last known address in Townsville
Moshira Hassan -- last known address in Kiel
Don McAllister -- last known address in Perth
Steven Purcell -- last known address in Weetangera
Thank you.
Daphne G. Fautin
Division of Biological Sciences
Haworth Hall
University of Kansas
Lawrence, KS 66045  USA
1-785-864-3062 (telephone)
1-785-864-5321 (fax)
			NEW VERSION!
Catalogue of sea anemones of the world (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia, and
Ptychodactiaria) -- listing 1404 species, the reference in which each was
     described, a map displaying type locality of each, and
	existing type specimens of more than 800 of them
	biocomplexity.nhm.ukans.edu/anemones/images/Version.html
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed May 12 13:24:44 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA18622 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 12 May 1999 13:24:43 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA12303; Wed, 12 May 1999 13:28:24 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma012277; Wed, 12 May 99 13:28:00 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 12 May 1999 13:25:07 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA35883; Wed, 12 May 1999 16:30:39 GMT
Received: from earth.usgcrp.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA36402; Wed, 12 May 1999 12:30:12 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from [198.116.134.12] (usgcrp12.usgcrp.gov [198.116.134.12])
	by earth.usgcrp.gov (8.8.7/8.8.7) with ESMTP id MAA08045;
	Wed, 12 May 1999 12:29:23 -0400
X-Sender: tsocci@earth.usgcrp.gov
Message-Id: <v04003a06b35f5cd14ee6@[198.116.134.12]>
Date: Wed, 12 May 1999 12:30:08 -0400
To: tsocci@usgcrp.gov (Tony Socci)
From: Tony Socci <tsocci@usgcrp.gov>
Subject: May 17th US Global Change Seminar: "Surface Temperature Changes and Biospheric Responses in the Northern Hemisphere during the Last 1,000 Years"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Tony Socci <tsocci@usgcrp.gov>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from Quoted-Printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id NAA18622
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 276
                            U.S. Global Change Research Program Seminar Series
            Surface Temperature Changes and Biospheric Responses in the
                   Northern Hemisphere during the Last 1,000 Years
What is the record of surface temperature fluctuations in the Northern
Hemisphere over the last 1,000 years?  How does the observed climate
warming of the 20th century compare with this 1,000-year record?  What do
tree-rings tells us about the climate of the last 1,000 years relative to
that of the 20th century?  How much of the observed warming in the 20th
century can be attributed to natural climate variability?  How much of that
warming is likely to be attributable to human activities?  What has the
biospheric response been to these changes, especially in the 20th century?
What can be said about the rate of temperature change over the last 100
years or more?  Was 1998 the warmest year in the last millennium?  To what
extent can the observed warming of 1998 be attributable to El Nino?
                                                    Public Invited
                                   Monday, May 17, 1999, 3:15-4:45 PM
                                   Dirksen Senate Office Bldg., Room G-11
                                                   Washington, DC
                                               Reception Following
INTRODUCTION:
Dr. Joseph Friday, Director, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate,
National Research Council of the National Academy of Sciences, Washington,
DC
SPEAKERS:
Dr. Michael E. Mann, Department of Geosciences, University of
Massachusetts, Amherst, MA
Dr. Malcolm K. Hughes, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of
Arizona, Tucson, AZ
Dr. James Hansen, Head, NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, New York, NY
                    Large-scale Temperatures During the Past One-Thousand Years
Overview:
Without knowledge of natural climate variability at century and longer
timescales, it is difficult to determine the significance of 20th century
warming evident in the relatively short instrumental record of global
surface temperature. To obtain a longer-term perspective on observed
climate variability and change, one must resort to indirect measurements of
climate variations derived from  natural archives or "proxy" climate
indicators such as tree rings, corals, and ice cores, supplemented with the
few available long instrumental and historical climate records.  Using such
proxy data networks, research published in 1998 led to estimates of annual,
global surface temperature patterns dating back to AD 1400. Averaging these
reconstructions allowed the calculation of estimates of Northern Hemisphere
mean temperatures back through AD 1400, as well as estimates of the
uncertainties in these estimates. The warmth of the 1990s appeared to be
unprecedented in this reconstruction, with three years during this decade
(1990, 1995, and 1997) that were likely to be warmer than any other year
since AD 1400.  Reconstructions further back in time were not then possible
with the available data networks.
Two significant events have occurred since that research was done that
allow those original conclusions to be expanded upon. Based upon careful
consideration of the sparse proxy data available for the years AD 1000 - AD
1400, estimates of yearly Northern Hemisphere mean temperatures have been
made dating back to AD 1000, albeit with considerably larger uncertainties.
Not withstanding these uncertainties, and taking into account the slightly
warmer temperature estimates for the early part of the millennium, it would
be difficult to argue that the 1990s were as anomalous when viewed in the
context of the temperature history of the entire millennium, were it not
for the record warmth of 1998.  The year 1998 was observed to have been
significantly warmer (by about 0.2 degrees C) than any other year in the
instrumental record.  In the context of the last 1,000 years, one can say
with a high degree of confidence that 1998 was warmest year for the
Northern Hemisphere.
The Millennial Temperature Record:
Prior to AD 1400, surface temperature estimates depend upon certain key
climate proxy data series, especially those in the higher elevations of the
western U.S. which show a marked temperature sensitivity.  These data also
show non-climatic influences during the 19th and 20th century that may be
related to CO2 increases or perhaps other factors. As such, these
non-climatic influences must be subject to further research and analysis,
before the data can be used in long-term climate reconstruction.  Prior to
about AD 1000, the sparseness of the available data preclude a meaningful
estimate of hemispheric mean temperatures.
Based on the millennial hemispheric temperature estimates, conditions
during the earlier centuries of the past millennium appear somewhat higher
than those of the 15th-19th centuries.  However, the data do not support
the notion of the existence of a hemisphere-wide "Medieval Warm Period"
relative to the late 20th century warming.  Rather, the evidence suggests
that the warmest decades of the Medieval era were comparable to early and
mid 20th century temperatures, but not those of the late 20th century.
Some evidence suggests that certain regions (e.g., the North Atlantic and
Greenland) may have exhibited somewhat greater warmth, but at the
hemispheric scale, the evidence does not support the notion of sustained
periods of warmth during the past 1,000 years, comparable to the warmth of
the late 20th century.  Due to the sparseness of the proxy climate data for
the years prior to AD 1400, and the difficulty in resolving temperature
variations this far back in time, the uncertainties in hemispheric
temperature estimates become considerably larger in the earlier centuries
of the past millennium.  Even with these expanded uncertainties, however,
the 1990s, and 1998 in particular, appear to have exhibited hemispheric
warmth that is unprecedented at least over the last 1,000 years.
Causal Factors of Temperature Change:
In searching for a likely cause or causes that explain variations in the
Earth's surface temperature changes over the last six centuries, a suite of
plausible, candidate, climate-forcing influences such as changes in the
brightness of the Sun, changes in the frequency and magnitude of volcanic
eruptions, and human-caused increases in greenhouse gas concentrations,
have been evaluated.  This analysis suggested that only an increase in the
concentration of greenhouse gases could explain the anomalous warmth of the
late 20th century.  With longer-term, millennial estimates of surface
temperature change, other factors may yet prove to play a role.  On
timescales of tens to hundreds-of-thousands of years, the "astronomical
theory" of climate change holds that changes in the geometry of the Earth's
orbit relative to the Sun, bring about subtle changes in the distribution
of solar radiation at the Earth's surface that may drive slow, but
significant, long-term changes in climate.  A number of recent climate
modeling experiments suggest that such astronomical factors should have led
to a slow cooling of the climate since about 6,000 years before present, at
a rate of cooling of between 0.01 and 0.04 degrees C/century.  Such
theoretical considerations are in remarkable agreement with the observed
cooling trend (about 0.02 degrees C/century) from AD 1000 through the mid
19th century, as observed in this temperature reconstruction.  However,
this long-term cooling trend undergoes a dramatic reversal over the course
of the 20th century.  Thus, the 20th century warming trend appears to be
that much more anomalous when viewed in the context of the natural,
long-term climate variability of the last millennium, and is therefore
again, unlikely to be due to natural factors alone.
Tree-Ring Records of Temperature, Precipitation and the Biosphere's
                         Response to Climate Change
The measured record from thermometers, rain gauges  and barometers, does
not provide an adequate sample of the ways in which climate could vary
under recent or present conditions, even if there were no human influence
on climate. Planning that ignores this will be inadequate, whether its
focus is resource use  (e.g. energy or water) or mitigating the
consequences of natural disturbances such as drought, floods and wildfires.
This is because the instrumental record is often too short to represent the
different ways climate can behave, and because this record was hardly
started by the time human action had made measurable changes in the
composition of our atmosphere.  One therefore, cannot rely solely on the
twentieth century instrumental record to assess the character of climate
change.
Research using tree rings to derive estimates of climate variability
provides many interesting insights. Examples include:
* The Northern Hemisphere has very likely been markedly warmer in the late
twentieth century than at any time in the preceding 900 years.
* Major explosive volcanic eruptions have played a much larger part in
affecting climate in earlier centuries than recently - they have been
relatively rare this century.
* Droughts in the western U.S. have been more frequent, more intense and
sometimes much longer at various times in the last two or three thousand
years than in the twentieth century.
* The time period between years in which El Nio/La Nia strongly affects
conditions in Texas, neighboring states and northern Mexico has varied over
recent centuries.
Work on using tree rings to detect the biosphere's response to climate
variability and climate change is at a much earlier stage than their use as
natural climate recorders, but some intriguing fragments of evidence have
already emerged. In some regions as widely separated as the southern
Rockies in the U.S., and Tasmania, high elevation trees have shown growth
spurts in the last two to three decades that are unprecedented in at least
the last thousand years.  In the case of the southern Rockies, this seems
to have been caused by an unusual combination of climatic conditions,
rather than by any direct fertilization by increased carbon dioxide
concentrations in the air.  Trees growing at the highest elevations in the
mountains in and around the Great Basin have been growing at an accelerated
rate since the middle of the nineteenth century, and the link that did
exist between their growth rate and local climate broke down at that time.
There is no convincing climatic explanation for this, and alternatives,
such as direct carbon dioxide fertilization have been proposed, but none
has gained wide acceptance.  An integrated program of research combining
tree-ring records and vegetation remote sensing is needed to record and
better assess the biosphere's response to climate change and variability.
             Analysis of Surface Temperature Change in the Past Century
The NASA/GISS (Goddard Institute for Space Studies) has developed a data
set that provides estimates of global surface temperature change for
1880-1998, the period with significant global coverage of instrumental
data.  Urban influence on the record is substantial in certain locations,
but is found to have only a small effect on the global estimates.
The record shows global warming this century that is unambiguous and
unusual.  The five-year mean global temperature has increased about 0.7
degrees C since the late 1800s.  The global surface temperature in 1998
was the warmest in the period of instrumental data.  The rate of temperature
change is higher in the past 25 years than at any previous time in the
period of instrumental data.  The warmth of 1998 is too large and pervasive
to be fully accounted for by the recent El Nino.  This analysis suggests
that the
global temperature may have moved to a higher level, analogous to the
significant increase that occurred in the late 1970s.
The record of surface temperature change can be compared with satellite
measurements of tropospheric temperature for the period since 1979.  The
satellite record is sometimes interpreted as being contradictory to the
surface measurements.  The GISS analysis indicates that the differences are
actually small and within estimated measurement errors, and that the
results are consistent with a long term warming trend at the surface and in
the troposphere.  This analysis further indicates that there has been a
slight cooling in the United States in the past 50 years, particularly in
the eastern half of the country.  The latter observation raises questions
regarding the likelihood of the observed temperature change in the U.S.
catching up with the rest of the world, and the observational data on
global climate forcings and the ocean necessary to answer the questions.
                                           Biographies
Dr Michael E. Mann currently holds an adjunct faculty position at the
University of Massachusetts, in the Department of Geosciences. In the Fall
of 1999, he will become an Assistant Professor at the University of
Virginia, in the Department of Environmental Sciences.  Dr. Mann's research
focuses on the application of statistical techniques to understanding
climate variability and climate change from both empirical and climate
model-based perspectives.  A specific area of current research is
paleoclimate data synthesis and statistically based climate pattern
reconstruction during past centuries using climate "proxy" data networks.
Other areas of active research include model-based simulation of natural
climate variability, climate model/data intercomparison, and long-range
climate forecasting.
Dr. Mann is a Lead Author of the Observed Climate Variability and Change
chapter of the IPCC Third Scientific Assessment Report, and a contributor
on several other chapters of the report.  He is a frequent participant in
government agency-sponsored panels and workshops dealing with climate
variability and paleoclimate, and is heavily involved with international
climate research programs such as PAGES (Past Global Changes) and CLIVAR
(Climate Variability and Predictability).
Dr. Mann received his undergraduate degrees in physics and applied math
from the University of California at Berkeley, an MS degree in physics from
Yale University, and a Ph.D. in geology and geophysics from Yale
University.  Dr. Mann is the author of more than 30 peer-reviewed journal
publications or book chapters, and has been the recipient of numerous
fellowships and prizes.  His work in the area of global climate change has
also been widely described in the popular media.
Dr. Malcolm K. Hughes is a professor of dendrochronology and director of
the Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research at the University of Arizona in
Tucson. His research interests include natural climate variability on
inter-annual to century time scales, and regional to global spatial scales,
primarily using tree rings.
Dr. Hughes has served as a member of the executive committee of the
Institute for the Study of Planet Earth, University of Arizona; the
Committee on Geophysical and Environmental Data at the National Research
Council; the Biometeorology Committee, American Meteorological Society
(AMS); the CLIVAR/PAGES  working group; and the U.S. delegation to the
World Climate Research Program conference, Geneva, Switzerland.
In 1998, Dr. Hughes was selected as a Fellow of the American Geophysical
Union, and in 1999, he was awarded a Bullard Fellowship by Harvard
University.
He received his B.Sc. degree in botany and zoology in 1965, and his Ph.D.
degree in ecology in 1970, from the University of Durham, United Kingdom.
Dr. James Hansen heads the NASA Institute for Space Studies in New York
City, which is a division of Goddard Space Flight Center's (Greenbelt, MD)
Earth Sciences Directorate.  He was trained in physics and astronomy in the
space science program of Dr. James Van Allen at the University of Iowa.
His early research on the properties of clouds of Venus led to their
identification as sulfuric acid.  Since the late 1970s, he has worked on
process studies and computer simulations of the Earth's climate, focusing
on understanding the human impact on the global climate.  Dr. Hansen has
also testified before Congress on the issue of global warming.  In 1995, he
was elected to the National Academy of Sciences.
In 1963, Dr. Hansen received his Bachelor of Arts degree with highest
distinction in physics and mathematics from the University of Iowa.  He
participated in the NASA Graduate Traineeship from 1963-1966, and received
a Masters of Science degree in astronomy from the University of Iowa, in
1965.  Dr. Hansen was a visiting student at the Institute of Astrophysics,
University of Kyoto and the Department of Astronomy, Tokyo University,
Japan from 1965-1966.  He received his Ph.D. in physics from the University
of Iowa in 1967.
The Next Seminar is scheduled for Wednesday, June 16, 1999
Tentative Topic: The Status of Coral Reefs:  An Update
For more information please contact:
Anthony D. Socci, Ph.D., U.S. Global Change Research Program Office, 400
Virginia Ave. SW, Suite 750, Washington, DC 20024; Telephone: (202)
314-2235; Fax: (202) 488-8681 E-Mail: TSOCCI@USGCRP.GOV.
Additional information on the U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP)
and this Seminar Series is available on the USGCRP Home Page at:
http://www.usgcrp.gov.  A complete archive of seminar summaries can also be
found at this site.  Normally these seminars are held on the second Monday
of each month.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed May 12 17:33:07 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA25615 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 12 May 1999 17:33:06 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA08334; Wed, 12 May 1999 17:36:12 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma008296; Wed, 12 May 99 17:36:06 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 12 May 1999 17:26:21 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA38627; Wed, 12 May 1999 20:38:40 GMT
Received: from mail.caribe.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA38526; Wed, 12 May 1999 16:38:30 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from default (ppp117.197dip.netdial.caribe.net [209.91.197.117])
	by mail.caribe.net (8.9.0/8.9.0) with ESMTP id VAA24275;
	Wed, 12 May 1999 21:37:03 -0400 (AST)
Message-Id: <199905130137.VAA24275@mail.caribe.net>
From: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
To: "ReefKeeper" <reefkeeper@reefkeeper.org>,
        "eco-isla" <eco-isla@earthsystems.org>,
        "Coral-List" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>,
        "Michael Nemeth" <Michaelnemeth@hotmail.com>
Subject: Banning Fish Traps
Date: Wed, 12 May 1999 16:33:36 -0400
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Priority: 3
X-Mailer: Microsoft Internet Mail 4.70.1155
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from Quoted-Printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id RAA25615
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 277
This letter is in response to REEFKEEPER Int regarding a petition being
circulating to demonstrate support for an equitable phase out of fish traps
in the U.S. Caribbean. The Caribbean Fishery Management Council (NOAA) is
currently holding regional meetings to discuss. I've decided to post the
response to let others know about the petition and to possibly generate
some discussion from managers facing similar problems elsewhere in the
world.
Dear Alexander and Michael,
	Thank you. We received the information from REEFKEEPER, and will be
discussing the petition and resolution with the fishermen on Culebra
tomorrow.
	CORALations agrees trap fishing is unsustainable. Cultural issues aside,
another concern in Puerto Rico is that the Department of Natural and
Environmental Resources [DNER] and the fishermen are constantly fighting.
This is relevant, as you know,  in that most of the waters used for
trapping around PR are governed by the local DNER.  Since founding
CORALations in PR in 1995, we have never witnessed any common ground
between this agency and the fishermen. The fishermen blame the declining
fish populations on the water pollution and the Government blames the
declining fish populations on over fishing. This rhetoric goes around and
around and the fishermen keep overfishing and the government keeps
polluting, or allowing the pollution to continue.
	It is my opinion, the DNER in Puerto Rico needs to make a public show of
respect for the fishermen's concerns about water pollution, if they expect
any cooperation on the fish trap ban. Our concern is that this ecosystem
will just continue in rapid collapse if there continues to be no
constructive dialogue between these groups. 200 million gallons of primary
sewage and untreated industrial wastes are discharged into our coastal
waters every day. Now the government of Puerto Rico is planning the
construction of a new primary sewage discharge plant.(through a loophole in
the Clean Water Act.)  DNER scientists can't or don't express any concerns
about this, possibly  for political reasons and/or  job security...and this
is not right. These smelly plants which have gross (and I mean gross)
histories of non-compliance, are placed in poor coastal communities which
rely heavily on subsitence fishing in the area of outfall.
	As educated people the DNER scientists should take the "high road" on this
and recognize the need for diplomatic action. My guess is, the petition
will end in conflicts, although I hope this is not the case. Successful
banning not only means legislation and enforcement, something Puerto Rico's
 Marine Natural Reserves* still don't benefit from, but it also means
fostering compliance on the part of the fishermen.
(*Note: in PR law, the designation marine natural reserve is not a MFR or
"no take" zone, in many cases it implies absolutely no management plan)
	So, while we feel this is an important issue to back...and we will support
it, we also feel it must be handled diplomatically, and some effort of good
faith on the clean water front be acknowledged by DNER in Puerto Rico, in
order for it to be successful.   Thank you again for forwarding the
petition, and as mentioned earlier, we are supporting the resolution and
circulating the petition, although will be drafting our own letter which
will include some of the above stated concerns to Mr. Jos Campos.
Sincerely,
Mary Ann Lucking
CORALations
Amapola 14, Suite 901
Isla Verde, PR  00979
787-791-7372
corals@caribe.net
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed May 12 21:33:36 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id VAA28571 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 12 May 1999 21:33:36 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA18396; Wed, 12 May 1999 21:38:25 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma018341; Wed, 12 May 99 21:37:31 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 12 May 1999 21:34:52 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id BAA39912; Thu, 13 May 1999 01:12:33 GMT
Received: from beryl.es.su.oz.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id VAA39439; Wed, 12 May 1999 21:12:17 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from 129.78.124.3.es.su.oz.au (sango.es.su.oz.au [129.78.124.217]) by beryl.es.su.oz.au (8.8.8/8.6.6) with SMTP id LAA26593 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 13 May 1999 11:12:03 +1000 (EST)
Message-Id: <3.0.6.32.19990513230942.007f1e90@beryl.es.su.oz.au>
X-Sender: jody@beryl.es.su.oz.au
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.6 (32)
Date: Thu, 13 May 1999 23:09:42 +1000
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Jody Webster <jody@es.su.oz.au>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jody Webster <jody@es.su.oz.au>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 278
Dear List Members,
I am looking for the email address of Ted McConnaughey.
Thanks in advance for your help.
Cheers
Jody Webster
-----------------------------------------------------
Jody Webster
Ph.d Candidate
School of Geosciences
Division of Geology and Geophysics
University of Sydney, N.S.W, 2006
Australia
Tel : 61(2) 9351 5192
Fax : 61(2) 9351 0184
Email : jody@es.su.oz.au
------------------------------------------------------
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu May 13 13:06:54 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA14936 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 13 May 1999 13:06:53 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA29336; Thu, 13 May 1999 13:10:37 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma029324; Thu, 13 May 99 13:10:30 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 13 May 1999 13:07:46 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA41604; Thu, 13 May 1999 16:27:15 GMT
Received: from wpo.nerc.ac.uk by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA43955; Thu, 13 May 1999 12:27:06 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from GatewayKW-Message_Server by wpo.nerc.ac.uk
	with Novell_GroupWise; Thu, 13 May 1999 17:12:39 +0100
Message-Id: <s73b0807.072@wpo.nerc.ac.uk>
X-Mailer: Novell GroupWise 5.5
Date: Thu, 13 May 1999 17:12:23 +0100
From: "Zoe Billinghurst" <ZB@wpo.nerc.ac.uk>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Proliferation rates of Symbiodinium and C:N or Gln:Glu data
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Zoe Billinghurst" <ZB@wpo.nerc.ac.uk>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 279
I am looking for data (published or not) of recorded proliferation
rates or Mitotic index of Symbiodinium sp from different hosts, and/or
in culture.
Also C:N and gln:glu values for Symbiodinium and related
dinoflagellates in symbiosis and free living.
Any information or key references which you know of would be most
appreciated
Thanks in advance
Z. Billinghurst
Marine Biological Association of the UK
The Laboratory
Citadel  Hill
Plymouth
PL1 2PB
UK
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu May 13 14:55:08 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA18250 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 13 May 1999 14:55:07 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA07196; Thu, 13 May 1999 14:58:50 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma007177; Thu, 13 May 99 14:58:44 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 13 May 1999 14:56:05 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA45042; Thu, 13 May 1999 18:24:15 GMT
Received: from orion.sas.upenn.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA45033; Thu, 13 May 1999 14:24:05 -0400 (EDT)
From: khancock@sas.upenn.edu
Received: from petraitis ([130.91.128.70])
	by orion.sas.upenn.edu (8.9.1/8.9.1/SAS.05) with SMTP id OAA09609
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 13 May 1999 14:23:58 -0400 (EDT)
Date: Thu, 13 May 1999 14:23:58 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <199905131823.OAA09609@orion.sas.upenn.edu>
X-Sender: khancock@postoffice.sas.upenn.edu
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Version 1.4.4
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: recruitment plates
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: khancock@sas.upenn.edu
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 280
I am looking for limestone to use as coral recruitment plates.
Can anyone suggest an inexpensive source?  The planned project
is in Panama, so a source in Central America would be great.  If
not I can ship them.
Thank you.
Kathy Hancock
*********************************************************************
Kathy Hancock                               Alternate Address:
University of Pennsylvania                  June 1999 - December 2000
Department of Biology                       210 Gulf Drive
Ecology & Evolutionary Biology Group        Waveland, MS  39576
327 Leidy Laboratory                        Phone & FAX  228-467-7395
Philadelphia, PA  19104-6018                khancock@sas.upenn.edu
215-898-8419  FAX 215-898-8780
khancock@sas.upenn.edu
*********************************************************************
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu May 13 15:28:38 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA19117 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 13 May 1999 15:28:37 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA10708; Thu, 13 May 1999 15:33:28 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma010697; Thu, 13 May 99 15:33:09 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 13 May 1999 15:30:26 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA45240; Thu, 13 May 1999 19:03:40 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id PAA45223; Thu, 13 May 1999 15:03:27 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA07827; Thu, 13 May 1999 15:05:58 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma007733; Thu, 13 May 99 15:05:18 -0400
Received: from pangea (pangea [172.16.105.79])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA18463 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 13 May 1999 15:00:26 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <009601be9d74$48920990$4f6910ac@pangea.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: "Gina Morisseau-Leroy" <gmoriss@aoml.noaa.gov>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Pink Porites Thread
Date: Thu, 13 May 1999 15:10:36 -0400
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.3110.5
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Gina Morisseau-Leroy" <gmoriss@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 281
    Dear Coral-Listers,
    Recently on the list there was some discussion here on the Coral-List
regarding pink blotch/spot/ring disease.  Since there was so much discussion
we here at CHAMP felt that it might be helpful to make a thread out of it.
It is now available at http://www.coral.noaa.gov/themes/blotch-thread.html.
    There have also been a couple of other new posts to the Coral Themes and
Projects page that might be of interest.  You can view them at
http://www.coral.noaa.gov/themes/themes.html.
    Salutations.
    Gina Morisseau-Leroy
    gmoriss@aoml.noaa.gov
     Webmaster for OCD and CHAMP
    NOAA/AOML/OCD
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu May 13 16:27:44 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA20413 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 13 May 1999 16:27:43 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA14792; Thu, 13 May 1999 16:31:26 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma014722; Thu, 13 May 99 16:30:37 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 13 May 1999 16:27:58 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA44202; Thu, 13 May 1999 19:57:03 GMT
Received: from orion.sas.upenn.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id PAA45481; Thu, 13 May 1999 15:56:57 -0400 (EDT)
From: khancock@sas.upenn.edu
Received: from petraitis ([130.91.128.70])
	by orion.sas.upenn.edu (8.9.1/8.9.1/SAS.05) with SMTP id PAA12669
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 13 May 1999 15:56:51 -0400 (EDT)
Date: Thu, 13 May 1999 15:56:51 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <199905131956.PAA12669@orion.sas.upenn.edu>
X-Sender: khancock@postoffice.sas.upenn.edu
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Version 1.4.4
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: recruitment plates
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: khancock@sas.upenn.edu
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 282
I apologize for duplicate postings.
I am looking for limestone to use as coral recruitment plates.
Can anyone suggest an inexpensive source?  The planned project
is in Panama, so a source in Central America would be great.  If
not I can ship them.
Thank you.
Kathy Hancock
*********************************************************************
Kathy Hancock                               Alternate Address:
University of Pennsylvania                  June 1999 - December 2000
Department of Biology                       210 Gulf Drive
Ecology & Evolutionary Biology Group        Waveland, MS  39576
327 Leidy Laboratory                        Phone & FAX  228-467-7395
Philadelphia, PA  19104-6018                khancock@sas.upenn.edu
215-898-8419  FAX 215-898-8780
khancock@sas.upenn.edu
*********************************************************************
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu May 13 17:27:36 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA21901 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 13 May 1999 17:27:35 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA19330; Thu, 13 May 1999 17:30:40 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma019299; Thu, 13 May 99 17:29:46 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 13 May 1999 17:27:05 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA28853; Thu, 13 May 1999 20:46:03 GMT
Received: from daffodil.infochan.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA42971; Thu, 13 May 1999 16:45:51 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from Jerome (ntsa75.infochan.com [208.135.101.12])
	by daffodil.infochan.com (8.9.0/8.9.1) with SMTP id PAA06180
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 13 May 1999 15:44:21 -0500 (EST)
Message-Id: <3.0.2.32.19990513154336.006930f4@daffodil.infochan.com>
X-Sender: cassian@daffodil.infochan.com
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.2 (32)
Date: Thu, 13 May 1999 15:43:36 -0400
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Cassian Edwards <cassian@daffodil.infochan.com>
Subject: sediment porosity
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Cassian Edwards <cassian@daffodil.infochan.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 283
Hello all,
I need a rough figure for mean grain specific gravity in order to calculate
reef sediment porosity. Can anyone help?
Thanks in advance,
Cassian
cassian@infochan.com
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri May 14 20:25:17 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id UAA19818 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 14 May 1999 20:25:16 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA10690; Fri, 14 May 1999 20:30:08 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma010677; Fri, 14 May 99 20:29:38 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 14 May 1999 20:26:57 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id XAA53968; Fri, 14 May 1999 23:22:40 GMT
Message-Id: <199905142322.XAA53968@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Fri, 14 May 1999 08:58:38 PDT
From: antonio ortiz <alortiz9@hotmail.com>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: tissue I.D. in meandroid coral
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: antonio ortiz <alortiz9@hotmail.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 284
Hi!
We are looking for information about tissue identification in meandroid
coral species.=A0 We would like to know how to identify histological sectio=
ns
of Diploria sp.=A0 Please send any references directly to :
alortiz9@hotmail.com
Thanks
Antonio L. Ortiz
Department of Marine Science
UPR-Mayaguez
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun May 16 10:16:18 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA03425 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 16 May 1999 10:16:17 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA19837; Sun, 16 May 1999 10:19:26 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma019813; Sun, 16 May 99 10:18:43 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sun, 16 May 1999 10:15:32 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA07030; Sun, 16 May 1999 13:11:57 GMT
Received: from hotmail.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id JAA07022; Sun, 16 May 1999 09:11:51 -0400 (EDT)
Received: (qmail 2796 invoked by uid 0); 16 May 1999 13:12:59 -0000
Message-Id: <19990516131259.2795.qmail@hotmail.com>
Received: from 199.227.60.113 by www.hotmail.com with HTTP;
	Sun, 16 May 1999 06:12:58 PDT
X-Originating-IP: [199.227.60.113]
From: "Dione Swanson" <dwswanson@hotmail.com>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Two position announcements
Date: Sun, 16 May 1999 09:12:58 EDT
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Dione Swanson" <dwswanson@hotmail.com>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from Quoted-Printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id KAA03425
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 285
The following are two position announcements for work in the Florida Keys.
POSITION ANNOUNCEMENT:  University of North Carolina, Wilmington, National
Undersea Research Center (Key Largo, FL)
RESEARCH ASSOCIATE (EPA position)
POSITION DESCRIPTION:
Assist the Program Manager in all aspects of a coral reef research and
monitoring program in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary.  The
primary focus of the program is to document coral reef community composition
and condition in marine protected areas of the Florida Keys National Marine
Sanctuary (specifically the Sanctuary Preservation Areas established in
1997) and adjacent reference sites located from Miami to Key West, and the
Dry Tortugas.  The project is based out of Key Largo, FL.  The position
involves extensive fieldwork, data management, and analysis (video,
photographic, and statistical).  There will be several extended trips of 7
to 10 days and possibly a large field expedition to the Dry Tortugas in
addition to the fieldwork in the vicinity of Key Largo.  Fieldwork includes
SCUBA diving to coral reef sites (in depths of 30 ft, 60ft, and 90 ft.)
along the Florida Keys reef tract with goals to accomplish several
underwater tasks including rapid assessment of community structure and
condition, video, and photography.  Requires BS Biological or Marine Science
(MS preferred), extensive dive experience, and general knowledge of the
local marine flora and fauna-especially related to coral taxonomy.  Boat
handling experience with vessels to 29 feet is desirable.  Familiarity also
required with computers and statistics.  Experience with image analysis
hardware and software is desired, but not required.
HIRING RANGE:		$28,000 or commensurate with experience.
DEADLINE TO APPLY:  	May 27, 1999.
Applicants should send a letter, resume, and three letters of reference to:
Dr. Steven L. Miller, University of North Carolina, Wilmington, National
Undersea Research Center, 515 Caribbean Drive, Key Largo, FL  33037.
For questions or further information please contact Ms. Dione W.  Swanson at
dwswanson@hotmail.com or (305) 451-0233.
***********************************************************
POSITION ANNOUNCEMENT:  University of North Carolina, Wilmington, National
Undersea Research Center (Key Largo, FL)
RESEARCH TECHNICIAN (Temporary 4-6 months)
POSITION DESCRIPTION:
The position is a temporary position (4-6 months, full time, starting late
May or early June) to assist with a coral reef research and monitoring
program in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary.  The primary focus of
the monitoring study is to document coral community composition and
condition in marine protected areas (specifically the Sanctuary Preservation
Areas established in 1997) and adjacent reference sites located from south
of Miami to Key West, and the Dry Tortugas. The position involves extensive
fieldwork in the vicinity of Key Largo, FL, several extended trips
throughout the Keys for approximately 7 to 10 days each, and possibly a
large field expedition to the Dry Tortugas.  Requires knowledge and skills
to perform fieldwork involving SCUBA diving to coral reef sites at multiple
depths (30 ft, 60ft, and 90 ft.) with goals to accomplish several underwater
tasks including rapid assessment of community structure. Also requires a
general knowledge of local marine flora and fauna, especially related to
coral taxonomy.   Underwater video and photography skills are desirable.
Prefer BS or BA in Biological or Marine Sciences, familiarity with
computers, and small boat (less than 29 feet) handling experience.
HIRING RANGE:  $1,800 per month or commensurate with Labor Market and/or
experience.
CLOSING DATE:  	May 27, 1999.
This position is posted on the University of North Carolina, Wilmingtons
web site www.uncwil.edu/hr/jobs&app.html.
Please contact Dione Swanson at dwswanson@hotmail.com or (305) 451-0233 for
further information.
Dione W. Swanson
Research Associate, NURC/UNCW
515 Caribbean Drive
Key Largo, FL  33037
(305) 451-0233  fax (305) 453-9719
_______________________________________________________________
Get Free Email and Do More On The Web. Visit http://www.msn.com
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon May 17 15:47:01 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA24033 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 17 May 1999 15:46:59 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA27440; Mon, 17 May 1999 15:51:54 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma027351; Mon, 17 May 99 15:51:17 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 17 May 1999 15:48:19 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA16506; Mon, 17 May 1999 18:57:35 GMT
Received: from orbit34i.nesdis.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA16513; Mon, 17 May 1999 14:57:26 -0400 (EDT)
From: Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov
Received: from [140.90.197.121] ([140.90.197.121]) by orbit34i.nesdis.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/950213.SGI.AUTOCF) via SMTP id OAA10857 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 17 May 1999 14:58:32 -0400
Date: Mon, 17 May 1999 14:58:32 -0400
Message-Id: <199905171858.OAA10857@orbit34i.nesdis.noaa.gov>
Subject: Re: Coral-list??
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
X-Mailer: SPRY Mail Version: 04.10.06.22
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: astrong@nesdis.noaa.gov
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from Quoted-Printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id PAA24033
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 286
Coral Reef Bleaching paper published.  AMBIO's March issue ( 28(2), 188-196)
featured a paper by: C. Wilkinson, O. Linden, G. Hodgson, H. Cesar, J. Rubens
and A. Strong: "Ecological and socio-economic Impacts of 1998 Coral Mortality in
the Indian Ocean: an ENSO (El Nio/Southern Oscillation) impact and a warning of
future change."  (A. Strong, NOAA/NESDIS, 301-763-8102 x170).
**** <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< *****
Alan E. Strong
  Phys Scientist/Oceanographer                    Adj Assoc Res Professor
  NOAA/NESDIS/ORA/ORAD -- E/RA3                    US Naval Academy
  NOAA Science Center -- RM 711W                    Oceanography Department
  5200 Auth Road                                        Annapolis, MD 21402
  Camp Springs, MD 20746-4304                            410-293-6550
        Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov
  301-763-8102 x170    FAX: 301-763-8108
          http://manati.wwb.noaa.gov/orad
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue May 18 17:24:46 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA15080 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 18 May 1999 17:24:46 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA29293; Tue, 18 May 1999 17:27:55 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma029253; Tue, 18 May 99 17:27:29 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 18 May 1999 15:43:51 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA23522; Tue, 18 May 1999 19:13:23 GMT
Received: from hotmail.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id PAA22554; Tue, 18 May 1999 15:13:16 -0400 (EDT)
Received: (qmail 63673 invoked by uid 0); 18 May 1999 19:14:20 -0000
Message-Id: <19990518191420.63672.qmail@hotmail.com>
Received: from 160.127.130.242 by wy1lg.hotmail.com with HTTP;
	Tue, 18 May 1999 12:14:20 PDT
X-Originating-IP: [160.127.130.242]
From: "Melodye Recker" <relaxnnow@hotmail.com>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Key Largo reef research
Date: Tue, 18 May 1999 12:14:20 PDT
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-type: text/plain; format=flowed;
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Melodye Recker" <relaxnnow@hotmail.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 287
Coral listers,
Several days ago there was a job listing posted (one for full-time - one for
several months) working in Key Largo doing research on the reefs.  The
requirements were BS in Biological Sciences (pref. Marine and pref MS).
I have apparently deleted that from my computer.
If anyone still has those listings - could you please send them to me?
Thank you!
Melodye Recker
relaxnnow@hotmail.com
_______________________________________________________________
Get Free Email and Do More On The Web. Visit http://www.msn.com
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue May 18 21:50:49 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id VAA17877 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 18 May 1999 21:50:49 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA10539; Tue, 18 May 1999 21:53:59 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma010523; Tue, 18 May 99 21:53:11 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 18 May 1999 21:50:30 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id BAA25544; Wed, 19 May 1999 01:31:20 GMT
Received: from diamante.imagelink.com.br by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id VAA25641; Tue, 18 May 1999 21:31:11 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from emilianc (du69-wg-g1.imagelink.com.br [200.224.118.69]) by diamante.imagelink.com.br
 (Vircom SMTPRS 4.0.179) with SMTP id <B0000542013@diamante.imagelink.com.br> for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>;
 Tue, 18 May 1999 22:31:58 -0300
Message-Id: <B0000542013@diamante.imagelink.com.br>
X-Sender: emil@pop.imagelink.com.br (Unverified)
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 4.0
Date: Tue, 18 May 1999 22:35:18 -0300
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: "Emiliano N. Calderon" <calderon@pobox.com>
Subject: Fusion
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Emiliano N. Calderon" <calderon@pobox.com>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from Quoted-Printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id VAA17877
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 288
Hi coralisters,
Im interested on the phenomenon of fusion among young polyps of corals
escleractinians. Although this phenomenon is very well known to be plenty
known
and common, bibliography on the subject is very scarce. I would like to
receive
bibliographical references and opinions on the subject.
 Ive been wondering :
What relationship do the larvas have so they join during the settle and fuse?
Would these larvas be clones of a same colony ?
Would the colonies of a same place have great genetic similarity making
possible this phenomenon?
Which physical and biological factors could influence this phenomenon?
 I thank for the attention of you all.
Emiliano N Caldron
Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
Departamento de Invertebrados
Quinta da Boa Vista, Sao Cristovao
20940-040 - Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
e-mail: calderon@pobox.com
fone +55-21-5681314 ramal 226
fax: +55-21-5681314 ramal 213
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue May 18 21:59:13 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id VAA18044 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 18 May 1999 21:59:12 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA11000; Tue, 18 May 1999 22:04:11 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma010988; Tue, 18 May 99 22:04:00 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 18 May 1999 22:01:19 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id BAA25645; Wed, 19 May 1999 01:32:59 GMT
Received: from pearl.aims.gov.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id VAA25548; Tue, 18 May 1999 21:32:51 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from charliev.aims.gov.au ([138.7.37.12])
	by pearl.aims.gov.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id LAA11563
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 19 May 1999 11:33:55 +1000 (EST)
Message-Id: <3.0.1.32.19990519073726.0076af54@email.aims.gov.au>
X-Sender: dfenner@email.aims.gov.au
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0.1 (32)
Date: Wed, 19 May 1999 07:37:26 +1000
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Doug Fenner <d.fenner@aims.gov.au>
Subject: coral spawning
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Doug Fenner <d.fenner@aims.gov.au>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 289
Coralisters;
John Hoover has reported seeing a mass spawning of Pocillopora meandrina at
7:40 AM, May 2, at Palaea Point, Oahu, Hawaii.  "Smoke" billowed from
colonies for about 15 minutes.  The observation time was picked based on
Pauline Fiene-Severens' report that they spawn at Molokini 2-3 days after
full moon in April at about 7:20 AM.  Dave Schrichte saw it about that time
of year at Hanauma Bay once, and was with John Hoover on May 2.
   If you have questions, please contact John directly at hoover@hml.org
-Doug
Douglas Fenner, Ph.D.
Coral Taxonomist
Australian Institute of Marine Science
PMB No 3
Townsville MC
Queensland 4810
Australia
phone 07 4753 4241
e-mail: d.fenner@aims.gov.au
web: http://www.aims.gov.au
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue May 18 21:59:15 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id VAA18053 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 18 May 1999 21:59:14 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA11003; Tue, 18 May 1999 22:04:13 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma010989; Tue, 18 May 99 22:04:06 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 18 May 1999 22:01:25 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id BAA22971; Wed, 19 May 1999 01:10:15 GMT
Received: from mx01.together.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id VAA22900; Tue, 18 May 1999 21:10:02 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from GustavW (dial-53-MAX-SJVT-02.ramp.together.net [208.5.164.181])
	by mx01.together.net (8.8.7/8.8.8) with SMTP id VAA04113
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 18 May 1999 21:11:15 -0400
Message-Id: <004701bea194$a02d2ee0$b5a405d0@GustavW.Verderber>
From: "Gustav W.  Verderber" <acmaea@together.net>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Galapagos and the Florida Keys
Date: Tue, 18 May 1999 10:07:29 -0400
MIME-Version: 1.0
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.3110.1
Content-Type: multipart/related;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_05B0_01BEA116.3D0765C0";
	type="multipart/alternative"
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Gustav W.  Verderber" <acmaea@together.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 290
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_05B0_01BEA116.3D0765C0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_001_05B1_01BEA116.3D0765C0"
------=_NextPart_001_05B1_01BEA116.3D0765C0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Natural History and Interpretive Photo Workshops=20
The following programs are currently open for enrollment.  Workshops and =
tours are led and organized by a nationally recognized naturalist and =
nature photographer and are sponsored by non-profit conservation and =
environmental research organizations.  Please consider offering these =
affordable educational natural history experiences to students, faculty, =
staff and anyone interested in seeing and learning about the natural =
wonders of Earth.
Workshops are principally field oriented and focus on the natural =
history, ecology, conservation, ethnobotany, archeology, geology, and =
culture of the region.  Naturalist guides are local experts.  Proceeds =
support conservation and environmental education projects.
Interpretive Photo Workshops allow aspiring nature photographers to =
accompany a professional photographer with credits that include the =
cover of Natural History to photograph nature in some of the most =
splendid natural areas on Earth.  Participants' photo work is critiqued =
before and after the workshop and participants continue corresponding =
with the tour leader to help them apply their photography in =
interpretive forums such as slide shows, local and regional =
publications.
Undergraduate credits are available through Johnson State College for =
attending and further study in related areas (environmental science, =
biology, photography).
Detailed itineraries are available at the web site indicated below.
=20
The Galapagos Islands
Dates: October 4 - 17, 1999
Length: 13 days/14 nights
Cost: $2,230.00 per person
Host/Workshop Coordinator: Gustav W. Verderber=20
Abstract:   The nature of the Galapagos Islands including the famous =
tortoises and marine iguanas will be our focus.  Also on the agenda are =
frigate birds, blue-footed boobies, penguins, finches, sea lions, giant =
cacti, and snorkeling over the coral gardens. During the second half of =
the trip we will visit the Jatun Sacha Field Research Facility at the =
headwaters of the Amazon River.  Guided and solo day and night hikes =
will take us deep into the Amazon rainforest.
The Subtropical Marine Ecology of the Florida Keys
Dates: March 5-11, 2000
Length: 6 days/5 nights
Cost: $459.00 per person
Host/Workshop Coordinator: Gustav W. Verderber in association with the =
Pigeon Key Foundation
Abstract: This natural history workshop will explore the coastal and =
shallow submarine ecosystems of the Florida Keys.  We will be based at =
the Pigeon Key marine education facility on the tropical paradise of =
Pigeon Key.  Barrier reef, mangrove, and terrestrial communities will be =
included as well as a snorkel trip to the outer reef.  This workshop is =
an ideal introduction to tropical ecosystems and marine biology.=20
With gratitude and respect,
Gustav W. Verderber
*************************************************************************=
**
                                          Environmental Interpretation
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 Affordable Ecotravel  * Nature Photography * Seminars & Workshops *  =
Writing
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
                                          1999-2000 itineraries include: =
                 The Galapagos Islands/The Florida Keys/Gray Whales of =
Baja
                                       For more information, please =
visit:
                                       http://www.together.net/~acmaea
                                                     or contact me at:
                      Phone: (802) 635-2602 / E-Mail: =
acmaea@together.net =20
*************************************************************************=
**
------=_NextPart_001_05B1_01BEA116.3D0765C0
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META content=3Dtext/html;charset=3Diso-8859-1 =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type><!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 =
HTML//EN"><BASE=20
href=3Dfile://C:\PROGRA~1\COMMON~1\MICROS~1\Stationery\>
<STYLE>
<!--
body
{
font-family: "Georgia", "serif";
font-weight: plain;
font-size: 12pt;
color: "#000000";
margin-left: 120;
background-repeat: repeat-y;
}
a
	{
	color: B55A10;
	}
HR
	{
	color: 293139;
	width: "100%";
	height: 4;
	}
-->
</STYLE>
<META content=3D'"MSHTML 4.72.3110.7"' name=3DGENERATOR>
</HEAD>
<BODY background=3Dcid:05a801bea137$c4083ce0$0100007f@GustavW.Verderber=20
bgColor=3D#ffffff text=3D#000000>
<DIV><STRONG>Natural History and Interpretive Photo Workshops =
</STRONG></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>The following programs are currently open for enrollment.&nbsp; =
Workshops=20
and tours are led and organized by a nationally recognized naturalist =
and nature=20
photographer and are sponsored by non-profit conservation and =
environmental=20
research organizations.&nbsp; Please consider offering these affordable=20
educational natural history experiences to students, faculty, staff and =
anyone=20
interested in seeing and learning about the natural wonders of =
Earth.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Workshops are principally field oriented and focus on the natural =
history,=20
ecology, conservation, ethnobotany, archeology, geology, and culture of =
the=20
region.&nbsp; Naturalist guides are local experts.&nbsp; Proceeds =
support=20
conservation and environmental education projects.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Interpretive Photo Workshops allow aspiring nature photographers to =
accompany a professional photographer with credits that include the =
cover of=20
Natural History to photograph nature in some of the most splendid =
natural areas=20
on Earth.&nbsp; Participants' photo work is critiqued before and after =
the=20
workshop and participants continue corresponding with the tour leader to =
help=20
them apply their photography in interpretive forums such as slide shows, =
local=20
and regional publications.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Undergraduate credits are available through Johnson State College =
for=20
attending and further study in related areas (environmental science, =
biology,=20
photography).</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Detailed itineraries are available at the web site indicated =
below.</DIV>
<DIV><STRONG></STRONG>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><STRONG>The Galapagos Islands</STRONG></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Dates: October 4 - 17, 1999</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Length: 13 days/14 nights</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Cost: $2,230.00 per person</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Host/Workshop Coordinator: Gustav W. Verderber </DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Abstract:&nbsp;&nbsp; The nature of the Galapagos Islands including =
the=20
famous tortoises and marine iguanas will be our focus.&nbsp; Also on the =
agenda=20
are frigate birds, blue-footed boobies, penguins, finches, sea lions, =
giant=20
cacti, and snorkeling over the coral gardens. During the second half of =
the trip=20
we will visit the Jatun Sacha Field Research Facility at the headwaters =
of the=20
Amazon River.&nbsp; Guided and solo day and night hikes will take us =
deep into=20
the Amazon rainforest.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><BR><STRONG>The Subtropical Marine Ecology of the Florida=20
Keys</STRONG></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Dates: March 5-11, 2000</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Length: 6 days/5 nights</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Cost: $459.00 per person</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Host/Workshop Coordinator: Gustav W. Verderber in association with =
the=20
Pigeon Key Foundation</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Abstract: This natural history workshop will explore the coastal =
and=20
shallow submarine ecosystems of the Florida Keys.&nbsp; We will be based =
at the=20
Pigeon Key marine education facility on the tropical paradise of Pigeon=20
Key.&nbsp; Barrier reef, mangrove, and terrestrial communities will be =
included=20
as well as a snorkel trip to the outer reef.&nbsp; This workshop is an =
ideal=20
introduction to tropical ecosystems and marine biology. </DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>With gratitude and respect,</DIV>
<DIV>Gustav W. Verderber</DIV>
<DIV>********************************************************************=
*******<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n=
bsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb=
sp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbs=
p;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
Environmental=20
Interpretation<BR>~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~=
~~~<BR>&nbsp;Affordable=20
Ecotravel&nbsp; * Nature Photography * Seminars &amp; Workshops *&nbsp;=20
Writing<BR>~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~<BR>=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&=
nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n=
bsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb=
sp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
1999-2000 itineraries include:=20
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb=
sp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
The Galapagos Islands/The Florida Keys/Gray Whales of=20
Baja<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp=
;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&=
nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
For more information, please=20
visit:<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb=
sp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbs=
p;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp=
;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
<A=20
href=3D"http://www.together.net/~acmaea">http://www.together.net/~acmaea<=
/A><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&=
nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n=
bsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb=
sp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
or contact me=20
at:<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
Phone: (802) 635-2602 / E-Mail: <A=20
href=3D"mailto:acmaea@together.net">acmaea@together.net</A>&nbsp;=20
<BR>*********************************************************************=
******</DIV>
<P>&nbsp;</P></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_001_05B1_01BEA116.3D0765C0--
------=_NextPart_000_05B0_01BEA116.3D0765C0
Content-Type: image/gif
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
Content-ID: <05a801bea137$c4083ce0$0100007f@GustavW.Verderber>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------=_NextPart_000_05B0_01BEA116.3D0765C0--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed May 19 04:12:40 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id EAA19635 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 19 May 1999 04:12:40 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id EAA24755; Wed, 19 May 1999 04:17:39 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma024732; Wed, 19 May 99 04:16:39 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 19 May 1999 04:13:56 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id HAA27355; Wed, 19 May 1999 07:53:28 GMT
Received: from alteromonas.zoo.uni-heidelberg.de by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id DAA27345; Wed, 19 May 1999 03:53:17 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from [129.206.49.56] (unverified [129.206.49.56]) by alteromonas.zoo.uni-heidelberg.de
 (EMWAC SMTPRS 0.83) with SMTP id <B0000015237@alteromonas.zoo.uni-heidelberg.de>;
 Wed, 19 May 1999 09:54:18 +0200
Message-Id: <l03010d00b3681751e9f1@[129.206.49.56]>
In-Reply-To: <B0000542013@diamante.imagelink.com.br>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
Date: Wed, 19 May 1999 09:56:49 +0200
To: "Emiliano N. Calderon" <calderon@pobox.com>
From: Uri Frank <frank@alteromonas.zoo.uni-heidelberg.de>
Subject: Re: Fusion
Cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Uri Frank <frank@alteromonas.zoo.uni-heidelberg.de>
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id EAA19635
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 291
Dear Emiliano,
Take a look at these few references. This is of course not everything.
There is additional evidence in the literature for tissue compatibility
among young non clone mate polyps in corals and other cnidarians. The
ecological significance of this phenomenon and the fate of the individual
genotypes in such chimeras are not yet fully understood. The molecular
basis of histocompatibility in cnidarians is completely unknown.
Hidaka, M. (1985). Tissue compatibility between colonies and between newly
settled larvae of Pocilloopora damicornis. Coral Reefs 4: 111-116
Ilan, M., Loya, Y. (1990). Ontogenetic variation in sponge
histocompatibility responses. Biol. Bull. 179: 279-286
Shenk, M.A., Buss, L.W. (1991). Ontogenetic changes in fusibility in the
colonial hydroid Hydractinia symbiolongicarpus. J. Exp. Zool. 257: 80-86
Lange, R.G., Dick, M.H., Mueller, W.A. (1992). Specificity and early
ontogeny of historecognition in the hydroid Hydractinia. J. Exp. Zool. 262:
307-316
Frank, U., Oren, U., Loya, Y., Rinkevich, B. (1997). Alloimmune maturation
in the coral Stylophora pistillata is achieved through three distinctive
stages, 4 month post metamorphosis. Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. B. 264: 99-104
>Hi coralisters,
>
>Im interested on the phenomenon of fusion among young polyps of corals
>escleractinians. Although this phenomenon is very well known to be plenty
>known
>and common, bibliography on the subject is very scarce. I would like to
>receive
>bibliographical references and opinions on the subject.
> Ive been wondering :
>What relationship do the larvas have so they join during the settle and fuse?
>Would these larvas be clones of a same colony ?
>Would the colonies of a same place have great genetic similarity making
>possible this phenomenon?
>Which physical and biological factors could influence this phenomenon?
>
> I thank for the attention of you all.
>
>Emiliano N Caldron
>Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
>Departamento de Invertebrados
>Quinta da Boa Vista, Sao Cristovao
>20940-040 - Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
>e-mail: calderon@pobox.com
>fone +55-21-5681314 ramal 226
>fax: +55-21-5681314 ramal 213
*****************************************
Uri Frank
Institute of Zoology II
University of Heidelberg
Im Neuenheimer Feld 230
69120 Heidelberg
Germany
Phone:+49 6221 545662
Fax:+49 6221 544913
******************************************
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed May 19 11:56:12 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA28798 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 19 May 1999 11:56:12 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA20795; Wed, 19 May 1999 11:59:20 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma020737; Wed, 19 May 99 11:58:57 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 19 May 1999 11:55:01 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA30733; Wed, 19 May 1999 15:23:19 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA30647; Wed, 19 May 1999 11:23:13 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA18966; Wed, 19 May 1999 11:27:01 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma018944; Wed, 19 May 99 11:26:19 -0400
Received: from surf.blur (surf [172.16.100.3])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with ESMTP
	  id LAA27931 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 19 May 1999 11:23:08 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from localhost by surf.blur (8.8.8+Sun/SMI-SVR4)
	id LAA29489; Wed, 19 May 1999 11:22:29 -0400 (EDT)
Date: Wed, 19 May 1999 11:22:29 -0400 (EDT)
From: Linda Pikula <pikula@aoml.noaa.gov>
X-Sender: pikula@surf
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Literature Request
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.03.9905191053360.28847-100000@surf>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Linda Pikula <pikula@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 292
   Dear Emiliano,
   Here are a few more references.  If you would like the abstracts,
   I would be pleased to send them to you.
   Wulff,J.L. (1986)  Variation in Clone Structure of Fragmenting Coral
   Reef Sponges. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 27 (4):
   311-330
   Jokiel, P.L. Hildemann, W. H., Bigger, C.H. (1982)  Frequency of Inter
   Colony Graft Acceptance or Rejection as a Measure of Population
   Structure in the Sponge Callyspongia-Diffusa.  Marine Biology (Berlin)
   71 (2): 135-140
   Jokiel, P.L. Bigger, C.H. (1994) Aspects of Histocompatibility and
   Regeneration in the Solitary Reef Coral Fungia Scutaria.  Biological
   Bulletin (Woods Hole)  Vol. 186:  72-80
   Chadwick-Furman, N., Rinkevich, B.(1994) A Complex Allorecognition
   System in Reef-Building Coral:  Delayed Responses, Reversals and
   Nontransitive Hierarchies.  Coral Reefs, v.13:  57-63
   Hidaka, M. Sunagawa, S, Yurigi, K, Kinzie, R.A. III.(1993)
   Histocompatibility Between Young Colonies of the Coral Pocillopora
   Damicornis.  Zoological Science (Tokyo)  v.10: 85
   Hildemann, W. H. et al. (1977)  Immunological Specificity and Memory in
   a Scleractinian Coral.  Nature, 270 (5634):  219-223
   Linda Pikula                             email:  pikula@aoml.noaa.gov
   NOAA Miami Regional Library              Phone/Fax:  305-361-4429
   4301 Rickenbacker Causeway               Library Internet Homepage:
   Miami, Florida 33149              http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/general/lib
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu May 20 18:28:37 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id SAA23877 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 20 May 1999 18:28:36 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA16657; Thu, 20 May 1999 18:33:38 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma016642; Thu, 20 May 99 18:33:36 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 20 May 1999 18:30:56 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA39994; Thu, 20 May 1999 21:58:55 GMT
Received: from gsvms2.cc.gasou.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA39824; Thu, 20 May 1999 17:58:47 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from Dgleason.Bio.gasou.edu ([141.165.35.123]) by gsvms2.cc.gasou.edu
          with SMTP for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov;
          Thu, 20 May 1999 18:00:04 -0400
Message-Id: <3.0.5.32.19990520175539.008c8990@gsvms2.cc.gasou.edu>
X-Sender: dgleason@gsvms2.cc.gasou.edu
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.5 (32)
Date: Thu, 20 May 1999 17:55:39 -0400
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Danny Gleason <dgleason@gsvms2.cc.gasou.edu>
Subject: Bleaching Already
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Danny Gleason <dgleason@gsvms2.cc.gasou.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 293
Just returned from Lee Stocking Island, Bahamas.  Although water
temperatures did not appear to be at coral stress levels, we observed
substantial bleaching in both fore and back reef areas from depths <1 m to
18 m.  We made no excursions below 18 m so cannot confirm whether or not
bleaching was occurring below this depth.  Species affected include
Montastrea franksi, M. faveolata, M. annularis, Diploria labyrinthformis,
Colpophyllia natans, Agaricia tenuifolia, and a few Porites astreoides,
Millepora complanata, and Favia fragum.  There may be others, but these
species were most noticable.  Most large colonies are bleached on their
upper surfaces.
The way the corals appear this early in the summer suggest that it could be
another rough year.  Interestingly, we were in Key Largo, Florida just
prior to the Lee Stocking trip and did not notice any bleaching.
Any hypotheses about what might be going on?  Don't think this is related
to "Hot Spots!"
Best wishes,
**************************************
"Heck, we're invertebrates, my boy!  As a whole, we're
the movers and shakers on this planet!  Spineless
superheroes, that's what we are!"
Father Worm to his son in "There's a Hair in My Dirt -
A Worm Story" by Gary Larson
**************************************
Daniel Gleason
Department of Biology
Georgia Southern University
P.O. Box 8042
Statesboro, GA  30460-8042
Phone: 912-681-5957
FAX: 912-681-0845
E-mail: dgleason@gsvms2.cc.gasou.edu
http://www.bio.gasou.edu/Bio-home/Gleason/Gleason-home.html
**************************************
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu May 20 19:44:26 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id TAA24504 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 20 May 1999 19:44:26 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA21799; Thu, 20 May 1999 19:49:27 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma021786; Thu, 20 May 99 19:49:11 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 20 May 1999 19:46:30 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id XAA29549; Thu, 20 May 1999 23:27:31 GMT
Received: from linnaeus.bio.usyd.edu.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id TAA29827; Thu, 20 May 1999 19:27:20 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from Fungia.bio.usyd.edu.au (zap5.zip.com.au [61.8.19.213])
	by linnaeus.bio.usyd.edu.au (8.9.1a/8.9.1) with SMTP id JAA02113;
	Fri, 21 May 1999 09:28:17 +1000 (EST)
From: "Ove Hoegh-Guldberg" <oveh@bio.usyd.edu.au>
To: "Danny Gleason" <dgleason@gsvms2.cc.gasou.edu>,
        <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: RE: Bleaching Already
Date: Fri, 21 May 1999 09:27:28 +1000
Message-Id: <000801bea318$538329c0$d513083d@Fungia.bio.usyd.edu.au>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Priority: 3 (Normal)
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook 8.5, Build 4.71.2173.0
Importance: Normal
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3
In-Reply-To: <3.0.5.32.19990520175539.008c8990@gsvms2.cc.gasou.edu>
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Ove Hoegh-Guldberg" <oveh@bio.usyd.edu.au>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 294
Hi Danny,
But have they recovered from last year.  We still have soft and hard corals
that are still pale in Sydney from 1998.  Recovery of symbionts may be very
slow where temperature are lowest (ie high latitude locations).  What is the
temperature right now?
Cheers,
Ove
Ove Hoegh-Guldberg
Associate Professor
School of Biological Sciences
A08, University of Sydney
Ph: +61-2-9351-2389
Fx: +61-2-9351-4119
Http: www.reef.edu.au/OHG/
For educational fun: www.reef.edu.au
> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
> [mailto:owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov]On Behalf Of Danny Gleason
> Sent: Friday, May 21, 1999 7:56 AM
> To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
> Subject: Bleaching Already
>
>
> Just returned from Lee Stocking Island, Bahamas.  Although water
> temperatures did not appear to be at coral stress levels, we observed
> substantial bleaching in both fore and back reef areas from depths <1 m to
> 18 m.  We made no excursions below 18 m so cannot confirm whether or not
> bleaching was occurring below this depth.  Species affected include
> Montastrea franksi, M. faveolata, M. annularis, Diploria labyrinthformis,
> Colpophyllia natans, Agaricia tenuifolia, and a few Porites astreoides,
> Millepora complanata, and Favia fragum.  There may be others, but these
> species were most noticable.  Most large colonies are bleached on their
> upper surfaces.
>
> The way the corals appear this early in the summer suggest that
> it could be
> another rough year.  Interestingly, we were in Key Largo, Florida just
> prior to the Lee Stocking trip and did not notice any bleaching.
>
> Any hypotheses about what might be going on?  Don't think this is related
> to "Hot Spots!"
>
> Best wishes,
> **************************************
> "Heck, we're invertebrates, my boy!  As a whole, we're
> the movers and shakers on this planet!  Spineless
> superheroes, that's what we are!"
> Father Worm to his son in "There's a Hair in My Dirt -
> A Worm Story" by Gary Larson
> **************************************
> Daniel Gleason
> Department of Biology
> Georgia Southern University
> P.O. Box 8042
> Statesboro, GA  30460-8042
>
> Phone: 912-681-5957
> FAX: 912-681-0845
> E-mail: dgleason@gsvms2.cc.gasou.edu
> http://www.bio.gasou.edu/Bio-home/Gleason/Gleason-home.html
> **************************************
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu May 20 19:55:24 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id TAA24576 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 20 May 1999 19:55:23 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA22270; Thu, 20 May 1999 19:58:33 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma022231; Thu, 20 May 99 19:58:13 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 20 May 1999 19:55:33 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id XAA37754; Thu, 20 May 1999 23:41:04 GMT
Received: from arwen.otago.ac.nz by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id TAA40496; Thu, 20 May 1999 19:40:43 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from [139.80.35.16] (ou035016.otago.ac.nz [139.80.35.16])
	by arwen.otago.ac.nz (8.9.1/8.9.1) with ESMTP id LAA11746
	for <coral-list@reef.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 21 May 1999 11:41:36 +1200 (NZST)
X-Sender: gusol423@studentmail.otago.ac.nz
Message-Id: <l03102807b36af6486d14@[139.80.35.16]>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Date: Fri, 21 May 1999 11:43:41 +0000
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Oliver Gussmann <gusol423@student.otago.ac.nz>
Subject: Searching for Documents
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Oliver Gussmann <gusol423@student.otago.ac.nz>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 295
I am looking for the following two conference papers/abstracts proceedings to:
1.  Pacific Science InterCongress and 6th Taiwan Coral Reef Society Annual
Meeting, 15-19 November 1998, Institute of Zoology, Academia Simica,
Taipei, Taiwan. (CORAL REEF SESSION)
and
2.  International Conference on Scientific Aspects of Coral Assessment,
Monitoring and Restoration.
Could somebody please kindly refer me to a source where I can obtain them?
Thanks, Oliver
Oliver A. Gussmann, PhD Student
Department of Marine Science
University of Otago
P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
fax:	+ 64-3-479-8336
please note new email!
Email:	gusol423@student.otago.ac.nz
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu May 20 21:18:46 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id VAA25082 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 20 May 1999 21:18:45 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA25770; Thu, 20 May 1999 21:22:34 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma025755; Thu, 20 May 99 21:22:10 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 20 May 1999 21:19:30 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id AAA40765; Fri, 21 May 1999 00:54:25 GMT
Received: from smtp11.bellglobal.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id UAA40781; Thu, 20 May 1999 20:54:18 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from howzit.sympatico.ca (HSE-TOR-ppp28508.sympatico.ca [209.226.93.211])
	by smtp11.bellglobal.com (8.8.5/8.8.5) with SMTP id UAA20047
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 20 May 1999 20:58:07 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <4.1.19990520204600.00a1ec70@pop.vex.net>
X-Sender: howzit@pop.vex.net
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 4.1
Date: Thu, 20 May 1999 20:55:24 -0400
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Ursula Keuper-Bennett <howzit@turtles.org>
Subject: Sea turtle type to coral types...
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Ursula Keuper-Bennett <howzit@turtles.org>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 296
Anyone noticing any algae blooms in their research area this season?  I'm
especially interested in Cladophora --because of its ability to choke and kill
corals after only one bloom.
Also while I'm on here, anyone noticing eutrophication in their coastal area
(for the northern hemisphere May is plant growing season...)  Seaweed piled and
rotting on beaches is eutophications's calling card.
Thanks for the work you do protecting the habitat of sea turtles!
-----------------------------------------------------
              ^               Ursula Keuper-Bennett
             0 0              mailto: howzit@turtles.org
    /V^\            /^V\
  /V   malama na honu   V\    http://www.turtles.org
 /                        \
"I meant what I said and I said what I meant.
 An elephant's faithful one hundred percent!"
          \       /        ---Horton the Elephant
          /  \ /  \             (Dr. Seuss)
         /__| V |__\
         Turtle Trax
CELEBRATING THE 25TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FFS TAGGING PROGRAM
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu May 20 23:52:01 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id XAA25830 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 20 May 1999 23:52:00 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id XAA02187; Thu, 20 May 1999 23:55:11 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma002170; Thu, 20 May 99 23:54:22 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 20 May 1999 23:50:50 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id DAA41573; Fri, 21 May 1999 03:31:19 GMT
Received: from mail.caribe.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id XAA41688; Thu, 20 May 1999 23:31:11 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from default (ppp191.211dip.netdial.caribe.net [209.91.211.191])
	by mail.caribe.net (8.9.0/8.9.0) with SMTP id XAA15575
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 20 May 1999 23:31:01 -0400 (AST)
Message-Id: <3.0.32.19990520234000.00727e54@caribe.net>
X-Sender: eweil@caribe.net
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0 (32)
Date: Thu, 20 May 1999 23:40:03 -0400
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Ernesto Weil <eweil@caribe.net>
Subject: Bleachimg???
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/enriched; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Ernesto Weil <eweil@caribe.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 297
Same here in Puerto Rico as in Australia. There are still several
colonies of <italic>D.labyrintiformis</italic>, <italic>M.
franksi</italic>, <italic>M. faveolata</italic> and <italic>A.
lamarcki</italic> that never recovered they previous coloration and look
pale on the top and sides or colny edges.
Saludos, EW.
Dr. Ernesto Weil
Department of Marine Sciences
University of Puerto Rico
PO BOX 908, Lajas, PR 00667
Ph: (787) 899-2048 ext. 241
Fax:(787) 899-5500
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri May 21 02:45:28 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id CAA26364 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 21 May 1999 02:45:28 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id CAA06572; Fri, 21 May 1999 02:48:38 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma006555; Fri, 21 May 99 02:48:05 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 21 May 1999 02:45:23 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id GAA42404; Fri, 21 May 1999 06:18:51 GMT
Received: from hotmail.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id CAA42293; Fri, 21 May 1999 02:18:43 -0400 (EDT)
Received: (qmail 60553 invoked by uid 0); 21 May 1999 06:23:52 -0000
Message-Id: <19990521062352.60552.qmail@hotmail.com>
Received: from 134.202.30.149 by wy1lg.hotmail.com with HTTP;
	Thu, 20 May 1999 23:23:51 PDT
X-Originating-IP: [134.202.30.149]
From: "Edwin Hernandez-Delgado" <coral_giac@hotmail.com>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Bleachimg???
Date: Thu, 20 May 1999 23:23:51 PDT
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-type: text/plain; format=flowed;
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Edwin Hernandez-Delgado" <coral_giac@hotmail.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 298
Dear listers:
This is to inform that there is also some bleaching occurring in the eastern
coast of Puerto Rico, including both, pristine and anthropogenically
degraded habitats, in depths fluctuating from 1.0 to 15 m.
Bleaching reached 77% of the corals at Culebra Island (27 km off eastern
P.R. during October, 1998).  There are still several non-recovered heads of
the Montastrea annularis species complex and several isolated colonies of
Diploria labyrinthiformis, Diploria clivosa, Agaricia agaricites, Porites
astreoides and P. porites.
However, colonies of Siderastrea siderea, which is one of the earliest
species which has been affected in our study sites, is already starting to
show the early signs of bleaching (pale round spots).  There are no water
temperature abnormailities.
All bleached corals are mostly affected in their upper surfaces (more
exposed to sunlight), just like in the 1998 event.
Edwin A. Hernandez-Delgado
Universidad de Puerto Rico
Departamento de Biologia
Grupo de Investigacion en Arrecifes de Coral
P.O. Box 23360
San Juan, Puerto Rico 00931-3360
Tel. (787) 764-0000, x-4855
Fax  (787) 764-2610
e-mail: coral_giac@hotmail.com
        diploria@coqui.net
******************************************
_______________________________________________________________
Get Free Email and Do More On The Web. Visit http://www.msn.com
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri May 21 09:38:27 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA29539 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 21 May 1999 09:38:26 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA21541; Fri, 21 May 1999 09:42:12 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma021445; Fri, 21 May 99 09:41:21 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 21 May 1999 09:38:42 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA44585; Fri, 21 May 1999 13:06:57 GMT
Received: from OCRMHQ.NOS.NOAA.GOV by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id JAA42011; Fri, 21 May 1999 09:06:47 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from noaa.gov ([140.90.167.146]) by OCRMHQ.NOS.NOAA.GOV
          (Netscape Messaging Server 3.62)  with ESMTP id 490;
          Fri, 21 May 1999 09:06:52 -0400
Message-Id: <3745601A.CE330D00@noaa.gov>
Date: Fri, 21 May 1999 09:31:08 -0400
From: Billy Causey <Billy.Causey@noaa.gov>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.51 (Macintosh; U; PPC)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Danny Gleason <dgleason@gsvms2.cc.gasou.edu>
CC: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, FKNMSALL@ocrmhq.nos.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Bleaching Already
References: <3.0.5.32.19990520175539.008c8990@gsvms2.cc.gasou.edu>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii; x-mac-type="54455854"; x-mac-creator="4D4F5353"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Billy Causey <billy.causey@noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status: A
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 299
Greetings,
On Saturday, May 15th, I observed the Palythoa to be very bleached at Key
Largo Dry Rocks and Grecian Rocks in the Key Largo portion of the Florida Keys
National Marine Sanctuary.  This has consistently been an early warning sign
here in the Keys for bleaching of stony corals to follow.
Billy Causey
Danny Gleason wrote:
> Just returned from Lee Stocking Island, Bahamas.  Although water
> temperatures did not appear to be at coral stress levels, we observed
> substantial bleaching in both fore and back reef areas from depths <1 m to
> 18 m.  We made no excursions below 18 m so cannot confirm whether or not
> bleaching was occurring below this depth.  Species affected include
> Montastrea franksi, M. faveolata, M. annularis, Diploria labyrinthformis,
> Colpophyllia natans, Agaricia tenuifolia, and a few Porites astreoides,
> Millepora complanata, and Favia fragum.  There may be others, but these
> species were most noticable.  Most large colonies are bleached on their
> upper surfaces.
>
> The way the corals appear this early in the summer suggest that it could be
> another rough year.  Interestingly, we were in Key Largo, Florida just
> prior to the Lee Stocking trip and did not notice any bleaching.
>
> Any hypotheses about what might be going on?  Don't think this is related
> to "Hot Spots!"
>
> Best wishes,
> **************************************
> "Heck, we're invertebrates, my boy!  As a whole, we're
> the movers and shakers on this planet!  Spineless
> superheroes, that's what we are!"
> Father Worm to his son in "There's a Hair in My Dirt -
> A Worm Story" by Gary Larson
> **************************************
> Daniel Gleason
> Department of Biology
> Georgia Southern University
> P.O. Box 8042
> Statesboro, GA  30460-8042
>
> Phone: 912-681-5957
> FAX: 912-681-0845
> E-mail: dgleason@gsvms2.cc.gasou.edu
> http://www.bio.gasou.edu/Bio-home/Gleason/Gleason-home.html
> **************************************
--
Billy D. Causey, Superintendent
Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary
PO Box 500368
Marathon, FL 33050
Phone (305) 743.2437, Fax (305) 743.2357
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri May 21 13:59:02 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA05101 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 21 May 1999 13:59:01 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA14836; Fri, 21 May 1999 14:02:11 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma014823; Fri, 21 May 99 14:02:08 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 21 May 1999 13:59:22 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA45880; Fri, 21 May 1999 17:26:16 GMT
Received: from seas.marine.usf.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA45929; Fri, 21 May 1999 13:26:05 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from localhost (pmuller@localhost)
	by seas.marine.usf.edu (8.9.1a/8.9.1) with SMTP id NAA01021;
	Fri, 21 May 1999 13:27:04 -0400 (EDT)
Date: Fri, 21 May 1999 13:27:04 -0400 (EDT)
From: Pam Muller <pmuller@seas.marine.usf.edu>
To: Danny Gleason <dgleason@gsvms2.cc.gasou.edu>
cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Bleaching Already
In-Reply-To: <3.0.5.32.19990520175539.008c8990@gsvms2.cc.gasou.edu>
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.02.9905211313140.29237-100000@seas.marine.usf.edu>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Pam Muller <pmuller@seas.marine.usf.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 300
Our reef-dwelling forams (Amphistegina gibbosa) continue their "90's habit
of "bleaching" in the early spring.  This year, about 30% of the specimens
exhibited some mottling in early May.
My casual observation is that our forams seem to parallel Palythoa and, to
a lesser extent, Acaricia, with respect to bleaching.
On May 4 I noted partly bleached Agaricia at 30 m and some light/purple
color in Siderastrea and occassionally some pale Montastrea at 15 m at
Conch Reef. Unfortunately, I have no idea if that bleaching was residual
from last year.
We are also seeing a type of infestation in our forams we haven't
noticed before.  We haven't ID'ed it yet, but the culprit may be
opportunistic cyanobactera.
Pamela Hallock Muller
Department of Marine Science
University of South Florida
140 Seventh Avenue South
St. Petersburg, FL 33701 USA
pmuller@marine.usf.edu
Phone: 727-553-1567
FAX: 727-553-1189 	NOTE NEW AREA CODE!!!
"Discovery consists of seeing what everybody has seen and thinking what
nobody has thought."  - Albert Szent-Gyorgyi -
On Thu, 20 May 1999, Danny Gleason wrote:
> Just returned from Lee Stocking Island, Bahamas.  Although water
> temperatures did not appear to be at coral stress levels, we observed
> substantial bleaching in both fore and back reef areas from depths <1 m to
> 18 m.  We made no excursions below 18 m so cannot confirm whether or not
> bleaching was occurring below this depth.  Species affected include
> Montastrea franksi, M. faveolata, M. annularis, Diploria labyrinthformis,
> Colpophyllia natans, Agaricia tenuifolia, and a few Porites astreoides,
> Millepora complanata, and Favia fragum.  There may be others, but these
> species were most noticable.  Most large colonies are bleached on their
> upper surfaces.
>
> The way the corals appear this early in the summer suggest that it could be
> another rough year.  Interestingly, we were in Key Largo, Florida just
> prior to the Lee Stocking trip and did not notice any bleaching.
>
> Any hypotheses about what might be going on?  Don't think this is related
> to "Hot Spots!"
>
> Best wishes,
> **************************************
> "Heck, we're invertebrates, my boy!  As a whole, we're
> the movers and shakers on this planet!  Spineless
> superheroes, that's what we are!"
> Father Worm to his son in "There's a Hair in My Dirt -
> A Worm Story" by Gary Larson
> **************************************
> Daniel Gleason
> Department of Biology
> Georgia Southern University
> P.O. Box 8042
> Statesboro, GA  30460-8042
>
> Phone: 912-681-5957
> FAX: 912-681-0845
> E-mail: dgleason@gsvms2.cc.gasou.edu
> http://www.bio.gasou.edu/Bio-home/Gleason/Gleason-home.html
> **************************************
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri May 21 18:13:08 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id SAA08945 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 21 May 1999 18:13:08 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA04433; Fri, 21 May 1999 18:16:18 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma004360; Fri, 21 May 99 18:15:15 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 21 May 1999 18:12:34 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA44717; Fri, 21 May 1999 21:44:31 GMT
Received: from merlin.rtpnc.epa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA47311; Fri, 21 May 1999 17:44:25 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from myrtle.rtpnc.epa.gov by epamail.epa.gov (PMDF V5.1-12 #26439)
 with ESMTP id <0FC300J5LQNY7X@epamail.epa.gov> for
 coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Fri, 21 May 1999 17:35:58 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from RT-MAIL2.RTP.EPA.GOV by epamail.epa.gov (PMDF V5.1-12 #26438)
 with SMTP id <0FC300HLQQOXHX@epamail.epa.gov> for
 coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Fri, 21 May 1999 17:36:33 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from RTPMAINHUB-Message_Server by RT-MAIL2.RTP.EPA.GOV with
 Novell_GroupWise; Fri, 21 May 1999 17:36:32 -0400
Date: Fri, 21 May 1999 17:36:09 -0400
From: DAVID POHLE <POHLE.DAVID@EPAMAIL.EPA.GOV>
Subject: Cost of a coral transplant project?
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Message-Id: <s74599a0.019@RT-MAIL2.RTP.EPA.GOV>
MIME-version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Novell GroupWise 4.1
Content-type: text/plain
Content-disposition: inline
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: DAVID POHLE <POHLE.DAVID@EPAMAIL.EPA.GOV>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 301
Greetings:
I am new to the List, and I am wondering if
anyone could provide information regarding
the estimated cost of transplanting coral.
My government agency is currently
conducting the environmental review for a
proposed port relocation project in the U.S.
Virgin Islands.  The proposed entrance
channel to the new port would unavoidably
cut through a rock/rubble shoreline fringe that
has numerous live corals and sponges.
Specifically, if you were to sum up the bottom
coverage of each live coral or sponge, it
comes to a half acre.  The plan is for divers to
chisel off each coral head or sponge,
transport it about a few hundred meters to a
site with similar depth, water clarity, energy,
etc., and then glue it down.  Where corals are
attached to small boulders, the whole rock will
be transported with the coral intact.  Also, all
motile epifauna (sea urchins, etc.) will be
collected from the entrance channel area, and
also moved to the new location.
We imagine this will require extensive labor,
but little equipment.  Could anyone give a
rough estimate of the U.S. dollar cost of this
project?
Any help would be appreciated.
Thanks,
Dave Pohle
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Region 2 (New York, New Jersey, Puerto Rico
& U.S. Virgin Islands)
Wetlands Protection Section
New York, NY
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri May 21 22:16:54 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id WAA11820 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 21 May 1999 22:16:54 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA09677; Fri, 21 May 1999 22:21:56 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma009667; Fri, 21 May 99 22:21:53 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 21 May 1999 22:19:12 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id CAA37818; Sat, 22 May 1999 02:00:32 GMT
Received: from bio.bu.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id WAA47657; Fri, 21 May 1999 22:00:21 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from localhost (lesk@localhost)
	by bio.bu.edu ((8.8.8.buoit.v1.0)/8.8.8/(BU-S-10/16/98-v1.0a)) with SMTP id WAA05751;
	Fri, 21 May 1999 22:01:27 -0400 (EDT)
Date: Fri, 21 May 1999 22:01:27 -0400 (EDT)
From: Les Kaufman <lesk@bio.bu.edu>
To: DAVID POHLE <POHLE.DAVID@EPAMAIL.EPA.GOV>
cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Cost of a coral transplant project?
In-Reply-To: <s74599a0.019@RT-MAIL2.RTP.EPA.GOV>
Message-Id: <Pine.SUN.4.00.9905212143490.5628-100000@bio.bu.edu>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Les Kaufman <lesk@bio.bu.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 302
Dear David,
I hate to be a killjoy, and I don't know what kinds of responses you will
get from everybody else, but my hunch is that this is not the best
approach to the problem.  The USVI has a few shallow reefs remaining in
moderately decent condition, lots of very degraded reefs, and a great deal
of mixed hard bottom with scattered corals, sponges, and other organisms.
Betsy Gladfelter could probably direct you to the best available database
if you do not already have one.  So here's my suggestion.  Invest the same
funds (or hopefullly more) to institute conservation measures in a
high-priority area, rather than in a possibly futile effort at
reconstructing a lower-priority reefal assemblage like the one you seem to
be describing. Create a marine protected area someplace, or inject funds
into R&D on the adaptation of coral reef restoration methods in the USVI
someplace that makes sense.  Better yet, turn the funds to the
reestablishment of the West Indies Marine Laboratory, and direct its
mission toward ecological reconstruction of Tague Bay Reef and Buck Island
National Monument.  Anyway, Caroline Rogers or Betsy Gladfelter or John
Ogden are among the folks you want to talk to.
As for the problems with this idea (not that SOMETHING wouldn't happen no
matter what you did, and perhaps the translocated organisms would even
survive), there are many. First off, it would help if you said where this
channel is to go.  Most of the bottoms of the general sort that
you describe in the USVI also have appreciable densities of gorgonians
that may not take kindly to transplantation.  Second, given the short
distance that the corals et al. are to be transported, aren't the channel
building activities likely to kill them anyhow?  Third, the visible corals
and sponges are only a superficial portion of the community.  It's a
little bit like cutting off all the tops of the tallest trees, and
sticking them in the ground someplace else.  Again, not that some
beneficial effect wouldn't be realized, but it may not be the most
beneficial imaginable, and it may not be much of an effect to write home
about in the end.
So much has been lost in the USVI over the last 25 years, we've watched it
go.  Funds for coral reef conservation and restoration are so incredibly
limited.  This may be a chance to focus some resources so as to do the
most good in the best place.
Les Kaufman
Boston University Marine Program
lesk@bio.bu.edu
617-353-5560 office
617-353-6965 lab
617-353-6340 fax
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun May 23 01:57:08 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id BAA23080 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 23 May 1999 01:57:08 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id CAA13678; Sun, 23 May 1999 02:00:20 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma013617; Sun, 23 May 99 02:00:01 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sun, 23 May 1999 01:57:20 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id FAA56377; Sun, 23 May 1999 05:18:43 GMT
Received: from bezeq.nmt.co.il by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id BAA56452; Sun, 23 May 1999 01:18:25 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from bezeq.nmt.co.il ([147.235.7.236])
	by bezeq.nmt.co.il (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id IAA31655
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 23 May 1999 08:24:54 +0200
Message-Id: <37479096.ABA77781@bezeq.nmt.co.il>
Date: Sun, 23 May 1999 08:22:31 +0300
From: David Zakai <zakaid@bezeq.nmt.co.il>
Organization: Red Sea Marine Biologist, Israel Nature & National Parks Protection Authority, Eilat District, P.O.Box 667, Eilat, Israel
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.05 [en] (Win95; I)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: email address of Dr.
Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------45889E2A8C2E371E5B9A7D10"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: David Zakai <zakaid@bezeq.nmt.co.il>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 303
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
--------------45889E2A8C2E371E5B9A7D10
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Dear All,
I'm looking for the Email address of the Dr. Eugenie Clark the shark
biologist. Any help will highly appreciated.
David Zakai
--------------45889E2A8C2E371E5B9A7D10
Content-Type: text/x-vcard; charset=us-ascii; name="vcard.vcf"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Description: Card for David  Zakai
Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="vcard.vcf"
begin:          vcard
fn:             David  Zakai
n:              Zakai;David
org:            Israel Nature & National Parks Protection Authority, Eilat District
adr:            P.O.Box 667;;;Eilat;;88105;Israel
email;internet: zakaid@bezeq.nmt.co.il
title:           Red Sea Marine Biologist
tel;work:       Office: + 972-7-637-3988 Lab: +9tel
tel;fax:        +972-7-637-5047
x-mozilla-cpt:  ;0
x-mozilla-html: FALSE
version:        2.1
end:            vcard
--------------45889E2A8C2E371E5B9A7D10--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon May 24 07:56:27 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id HAA07109 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 24 May 1999 07:56:27 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA24558; Mon, 24 May 1999 08:00:19 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma024526; Mon, 24 May 99 07:59:27 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 24 May 1999 07:55:47 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id LAA65279; Mon, 24 May 1999 11:11:29 GMT
Received: from ns2.wasantara.net.id by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id HAA65301; Mon, 24 May 1999 07:11:00 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from pbaru.wasantara.net.id (pbaru.wasantara.net.id [202.159.84.163])
	by ns2.wasantara.net.id (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id TAA07357
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 24 May 1999 19:41:49 +0700 (JAVT)
Received: from PBARU/SpoolDir by pbaru.wasantara.net.id (Mercury 1.40);
    24 May 99 18:14:50 +0700
Received: from SpoolDir by PBARU (Mercury 1.40); 24 May 99 18:14:23 +0700
Received: from arsjujono (202.159.84.178) by pbaru.wasantara.net.id (Mercury 1.40);
    24 May 99 18:14:20 +0700
Message-Id: <3.0.32.19990524181509.00696940@pbaru.wasantara.net.id>
X-Sender: arsjujono@pbaru.wasantara.net.id
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0 (32)
Date: Mon, 24 May 1999 18:15:10 +0700
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: sjujono <arsjujono@pbaru.wasantara.net.id>
Subject: coral reefs identifikation
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: sjujono <arsjujono@pbaru.wasantara.net.id>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 304
Hello caral list
i ask about information or catalog concering coral reefs identifikation
books of Indonesia. Ireally want to know about the books price, (including
shipping and handling) to my address.
INEED THIS BOOKS BECAUSE I`M A MARINE SCIENCE STUDENT AND VERY INTERSTED IN
CORAL REFF REHABILITATION.
For your kind attention i'll thankfully to you.
GOGOT FEBRYANTO
24. Karya Sari street. tangkerang
Riau Indonesia 28282
Telp. (0761) 31643
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon May 24 13:47:27 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA19308 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 24 May 1999 13:47:27 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA28942; Mon, 24 May 1999 13:52:33 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028839; Mon, 24 May 99 13:51:42 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 24 May 1999 13:48:59 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA67024; Mon, 24 May 1999 17:12:32 GMT
Message-Id: <199905241712.RAA67024@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Mon, 24 May 1999 13:09:38 -0400 (EDT)
From: Chris Humphrey <humphrey_j@popmail.firn.edu>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Research Assistant Position in the Florida Keys
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Chris Humphrey <humphrey_j@popmail.firn.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 305
Title:		Research Assistant
Location:	Long Key, Florida
Salary/Term:	24,000-27,000 ; 12 month
Minimum Qualifications: B.S. degree or M.S. degree, 1-2 years experience
in field research, computer literate (MS-DOS- WIN 95/98), certified SCUBA
diver, experience with data management and environmental monitoring,
experience with water quality QA/QC procedures, small boat handling
skills, knowledge of electronics.
Please apply to:		Chris Humphrey
				Keys Marine Lab
				P.O. Box 968
				Long Key\ Layton, FL. 33001
				305-664-9101
Brief description of duties: Incumbent will assist in field and computer
work associated with the Florida Institute of Oceanography's SEAKEYS
program ( Sustained Ecological Research Related to the Management of the
Florida Keys Seascape ).  Duties would include maintaining underwater
sensors for SEAKEYS, Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, and the
Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory located on the
Florida Keys Reef tract and Florida Bay.  The incumbent would be
responsible for sensor maintenance and QA/QC procedures.  Duties would
also include truck and boat maintenance.
***** Must apply before June 18, 1999*******
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon May 24 17:17:26 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA26456 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 24 May 1999 17:17:26 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA22720; Mon, 24 May 1999 17:20:37 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma022674; Mon, 24 May 99 17:20:12 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 24 May 1999 17:17:31 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA68448; Mon, 24 May 1999 20:36:56 GMT
Received: from acs3.bu.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <Coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA68650; Mon, 24 May 1999 16:36:42 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from localhost (cbentis@localhost) by acs3.bu.edu ((8.8.8.buoit.v1.0.ACS)/) with SMTP id QAA86444 for <Coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 24 May 1999 16:37:38 -0400
Date: Mon, 24 May 1999 16:30:17 -0400 (EDT)
From: Chris Bentis <cbentis@bu.edu>
To: Coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: coelenterate sensory systems
Message-Id: <Pine.A32.3.96.990524161837.131328A-100000@acs3.bu.edu>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Chris Bentis <cbentis@bu.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 306
Is anyone familiar with the anatomy of surficial microstructures
on polyp tentacles.  I have observed on SEM small (~1 micron) hair-like
structures and have seen them referred to, in a book entitled "Microbial
Seascapes", as a bacterial lawn.  It has been brought to my attention
that they curiously resemble cilliated epithelium. If anyone has seen
these structures or has
anymore information as to their identity, function, etc. I would greatly
appreciate it.  They were observed by myself on a coral local to
Woods Hole, MA Astrangia danae (also the one referred to in Microbial
Seascapes"), and one that was collected at
Johnston atoll, Acropora cytherea.
Thank you.
Christopher J. Bentis
Boston University Marine Program
5 Cummington St.
Boston, MA 02215
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue May 25 07:12:03 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id HAA06562 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 25 May 1999 07:12:02 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA14170; Tue, 25 May 1999 07:15:53 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma014142; Tue, 25 May 99 07:15:23 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 25 May 1999 07:12:38 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id KAA72529; Tue, 25 May 1999 10:47:05 GMT
Message-Id: <199905251047.KAA72529@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: Helen Walker <Helen@coral-sea.com.au>
To: "'coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov'" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: RE: coral reefs identification
Date: Tue, 25 May 1999 17:16:39 +1000
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Helen Walker <Helen@coral-sea.com.au>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 307
Dear Sir
We may be able to help in your search for books on the reef!
Coral Sea Imagery specialises in the distribution of books on Coral Reef =
and Marine Science topics.  We have field guides, reference text, coffee =
table books, CD-ROMs and much more! =20
Check out our web page at "http://www.coral-sea.com.au/bookshop
All prices are listed and postage is charged at cost - you can choose =
either airmail or economy airmail for your order.
Take a look and if there is anything further I can help you with, if you =
need further information on any of the titles please don't hesitate to =
contact me.
With regards
Helen Walker
(Distribution Manager)
Coral Sea Imagery
PO Box 2186
Townsville
QLD 4810
Tel: 07 47 211633
Fax: 07 47 211477
Check out our on line catalogue " http://www.coral-sea.com.au/bookshop"
-----Original Message-----
From:	sjujono [SMTP:arsjujono@pbaru.wasantara.net.id]
Sent:	24 May, 1999 9:15 PM
To:	coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject:	coral reefs identifikation
Hello caral list
i ask about information or catalog concering coral reefs identifikation
books of Indonesia. Ireally want to know about the books price, =
(including
shipping and handling) to my address.
INEED THIS BOOKS BECAUSE I`M A MARINE SCIENCE STUDENT AND VERY INTERSTED =
IN
CORAL REFF REHABILITATION.
For your kind attention i'll thankfully to you.
GOGOT FEBRYANTO
24. Karya Sari street. tangkerang
Riau Indonesia 28282
Telp. (0761) 31643
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue May 25 08:50:12 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA09951 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 25 May 1999 08:50:12 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA20767; Tue, 25 May 1999 08:55:19 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma020743; Tue, 25 May 99 08:55:02 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 25 May 1999 08:52:21 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA72514; Tue, 25 May 1999 12:10:07 GMT
Received: from smtp.email.msn.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id IAA70623; Tue, 25 May 1999 08:09:49 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from mtaber - 193.149.74.248 by email.msn.com with Microsoft SMTPSVC;
	 Tue, 25 May 1999 05:10:55 -0700
From: "Mark Taber" <mttaber@email.msn.com>
To: "Coral List" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Julian Sprung - Anemones
Date: Tue, 25 May 1999 13:12:18 +0100
Message-Id: <000901bea6a7$d563f680$f84a95c1@mtaber>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Priority: 3 (Normal)
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook 8.5, Build 4.71.2173.0
Importance: Normal
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Mark Taber" <mttaber@email.msn.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 308
Seeing the email from Julian Sprung (assuming it is THE Julian Sprung)
reminded me to ask the following question -
In one of Julian Sprung's books, he mentioned that some species of anemone
have self propagated by splitting into two.  Does anyone know or have any
thoughts on what would cause an anemone to do this e.g. stress?  Also, does
anyone know where I could look for information that refer to anemones
spawning.  I am particle interested in the Heteractis magnifica species.
Thank you for any help.
Mark Taber
Save A Reef, Build Your Own -
http://www.reefsuk.org
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue May 25 15:27:14 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA23526 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 25 May 1999 15:27:14 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA00410; Tue, 25 May 1999 15:32:21 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma000362; Tue, 25 May 99 15:31:59 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 25 May 1999 15:29:13 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA75292; Tue, 25 May 1999 18:57:32 GMT
Received: from mail.rdc1.il.home.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@reef.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA75285; Tue, 25 May 1999 14:57:10 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from c27294-a ([24.6.203.73]) by mail.rdc1.il.home.com
          (InterMail v4.01.01.00 201-229-111) with SMTP
          id <19990525185658.DLDN474.mail.rdc1.il.home.com@c27294-a>;
          Tue, 25 May 1999 11:56:58 -0700
Message-Id: <4.1.19990525135224.009f95d0@mail>
X-Sender: oshad@mail
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 4.1
Date: Tue, 25 May 1999 13:57:08 -0500
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Osha Gray Davidson <osha@pobox.com>
Subject: Book
Cc: marbio@mote.org
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Osha Gray Davidson <osha@pobox.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 309
I've received several inquiries from list members asking about the
paperback version of "The Enchanted Braid: Coming to Terms with Nature on
the Coral Reef." I've asked the publisher (implored! is more like it), but
I've been told that there are no plans for a paperback version in the near
future. Sorry.
Cheers,
Osha
Osha Gray Davidson
14 S. Governor St.
Iowa City, IA 52240
Scholar Affiliate
The University of Iowa
http://members.home.net/oshad/books.htm
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue May 25 16:56:18 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA25863 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 25 May 1999 16:56:17 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA08222; Tue, 25 May 1999 17:00:09 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma008188; Tue, 25 May 99 16:59:38 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 25 May 1999 16:56:57 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA47043; Tue, 25 May 1999 20:25:25 GMT
Received: from elwood.probe.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA75734; Tue, 25 May 1999 16:25:14 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from mitch (dial454.radiks.net [208.154.157.81]) by elwood.probe.net (8.8.6/8.8.6) with SMTP id PAA28603; Tue, 25 May 1999 15:26:18 -0500 (CDT)
Message-Id: <003601bea6eb$e6dcada0$519d9ad0@mitch>
From: "Mitch and Jena Carl" <mjcarl@probe.net>
To: "Mark Taber" <mttaber@email.msn.com>,
        "Coral List" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Re: Julian Sprung - Anemones
Date: Tue, 25 May 1999 15:19:30 -0500
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.3110.1
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Mitch and Jena Carl" <mjcarl@probe.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 310
>In one of Julian Sprung's books, he mentioned that some species of anemone
>have self propagated by splitting into two.  Does anyone know or have any
>thoughts on what would cause an anemone to do this e.g. stress?
for some anemones this is the main form or reproduction.  i have had several
specimens of entamacea quadricolor in several different system reproduce
this way.  i have a color variant called the rose anemone that has split
over 10 times in the past two years.  unfortunately aiptaisia anemones also
reproduce by splitting or leaving pieces of their foot behind as they move.
>anyone know where I could look for information that refer to anemones
>spawning.  I am particle interested in the Heteractis magnifica species.
i cant remember but i think daphne fautins book has information on this.  i
think the book is called "clownfish and host anemones" or something like
that.
mitch
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed May 26 16:15:33 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA23213 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 26 May 1999 16:15:32 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA01752; Wed, 26 May 1999 16:18:43 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma001697; Wed, 26 May 99 16:17:54 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 26 May 1999 15:38:29 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA01606; Wed, 26 May 1999 19:04:49 GMT
Received: from bio.bu.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id PAA01608; Wed, 26 May 1999 15:04:34 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from [128.197.80.172] (MBL-MAC1.BU.EDU [128.197.80.172])
	by bio.bu.edu ((8.8.8.buoit.v1.0)/8.8.8/(BU-S-10/16/98-v1.0a)) with SMTP id PAA28321
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 26 May 1999 15:05:38 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <199905261905.PAA28321@bio.bu.edu>
X-Sender: lesk@bio.bu.edu
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Date: Wed, 26 May 1999 15:07:34 -0400
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: lesk@bio.bu.edu (Les Kaufman)
Subject: message from the dead letters office
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: lesk@bio.bu.edu (Les Kaufman)
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 313
Guys, a letter I sent last week just went out again, don't know why, sorry
and apologies to David Pohle for his being harassed yet again.
Les Kaufman
Boston University Marine Program
Department of Biology
Boston University
5 Cummington Street
Boston, MA 02215
e-mail: lesk@bio.bu.edu
phone: 617-353-5560
fax:   617-353-6340
 Ex Africa semper aliquid novi.
"There is always something new out of Africa."
 - Pliny the Elder
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed May 26 17:34:50 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA25521 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 26 May 1999 17:34:49 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA07903; Wed, 26 May 1999 17:38:01 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma007847; Wed, 26 May 99 17:37:21 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 26 May 1999 17:34:34 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA02301; Wed, 26 May 1999 20:44:41 GMT
Received: from acs-mail.bu.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA02293; Wed, 26 May 1999 16:44:36 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from .bu.edu (DIP16-PPP-219.BU.EDU [168.122.16.219]) by acs-mail.bu.edu ((8.8.8.buoit.v1.0.ACS)/BU_Server-1.3) with SMTP id QAB14622 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 26 May 1999 16:45:42 -0400
Message-Id: <3.0.5.32.19990526163723.007ab490@acs-mail.bu.edu>
X-Sender: cbentis@acs-mail.bu.edu
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.5 (32)
Date: Wed, 26 May 1999 16:37:23 -0400
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: "Christopher J. Bentis" <cbentis@bu.edu>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Christopher J. Bentis" <cbentis@bu.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 314
A message of mine from last week was reposted.  Sorry!
-Chris
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Christopher J. Bentis
7 MBL St.
c/o B.U.M.P.(Boston University Marine Program)
Woods Hole, MA 02543
(508)540-3864
"...it's because they're stupid, that's why. That's why everybody does
everything!" -Homer J. Simpson
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed May 26 19:58:16 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id TAA27587 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 26 May 1999 19:58:16 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA14259; Wed, 26 May 1999 20:01:28 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma014224; Wed, 26 May 99 20:00:48 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 26 May 1999 19:58:07 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id XAA03088; Wed, 26 May 1999 23:27:29 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id TAA03076; Wed, 26 May 1999 19:27:23 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA13081; Wed, 26 May 1999 19:31:10 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma013065; Wed, 26 May 99 19:30:14 -0400
Received: from surf.blur (surf [172.16.100.3])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with ESMTP
	  id TAA27207 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 26 May 1999 19:27:00 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from localhost by surf.blur (8.8.8+Sun/SMI-SVR4)
	id TAA11608; Wed, 26 May 1999 19:26:20 -0400 (EDT)
Date: Wed, 26 May 1999 19:26:20 -0400 (EDT)
From: Jim Hendee <Jim.Hendee@noaa.gov>
X-Sender: hendee@surf
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Problems w/ coral-list
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.03.9905261923590.11559-100000@surf>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jim Hendee <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 315
Sorry, but there have been some problems with the listserver software and
the aging CHAMP workstation.  The machine died and I had to re-do some of
the setups.  Sorry for any inconvenience (such as duplicate postings).  I
hope it doesn't happen again.
	Cheers,
	Jim Hendee
	coral-list administrator
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed May 26 21:18:05 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id VAA28553 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 26 May 1999 21:18:05 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA17287; Wed, 26 May 1999 21:21:16 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma017270; Wed, 26 May 99 21:21:06 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 26 May 1999 21:18:26 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id AAA03399; Thu, 27 May 1999 00:56:02 GMT
Received: from [203.61.192.34] by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id UAA03395; Wed, 26 May 1999 20:55:52 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from pii-266.reef2me.com.au by mail.reef2me.com.au (AppleShare IP Mail Server 5.0.3) id 25449 via TCP with SMTP; Thu, 27 May 1999 11:15:56 +0000
Message-Id: <003401bea7db$976975a0$0601a8c0@pii-266.reef2me.com.au>
From: "Rohan" <rohan@flamingobay.com.au>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Mexican ship grounding - request for info.
Date: Thu, 27 May 1999 10:55:18 +1000
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0031_01BEA82F.68D26220"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.2106.4
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.2106.4
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Rohan" <rohan@flamingobay.com.au>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 316
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_0031_01BEA82F.68D26220
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
G'day all,
  I am interested in going to the recent shrimp boat grounding site at =
Yucatan Peninsula, Quintana Roo to assess the damage done to the reef.  =
Can anyone please provide me with more information about the site, =
particularly GPS coordinates, nearest port of call and the type of =
reef/dominant species.
  Any info would be greatly appreciated.
  Thanks,
  Rohan Pratt
  Flamingo Bay Research
------=_NextPart_000_0031_01BEA82F.68D26220
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META content=3Dtext/html;charset=3Diso-8859-1 =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D'"MSHTML 4.72.2106.6"' name=3DGENERATOR>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>G'day all,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>&nbsp; I am interested in going to =
the recent=20
shrimp boat grounding site at Yucatan Peninsula, Quintana Roo to assess =
the=20
damage done to the reef.&nbsp; Can anyone please provide me with more=20
information about the site, particularly GPS coordinates, nearest port =
of call=20
and the type of reef/dominant species.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>&nbsp; Any info would be greatly=20
appreciated.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>&nbsp; Thanks,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>&nbsp; Rohan Pratt</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>&nbsp; Flamingo Bay=20
Research</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_000_0031_01BEA82F.68D26220--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu May 27 09:54:00 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA10614 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 27 May 1999 09:53:58 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA15645; Thu, 27 May 1999 09:57:12 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma015554; Thu, 27 May 99 09:56:52 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 27 May 1999 09:54:08 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA01349; Thu, 27 May 1999 13:12:25 GMT
Received: from net1.nw.com.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id JAA01345; Thu, 27 May 1999 09:12:13 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from gjwwxsqx (Jedi-128.nw.com.au [203.29.88.178])
	by net1.nw.com.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id VAA08608
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 27 May 1999 21:36:39 +0800
Message-Id: <1.5.4.32.19990527132201.0068b354@nw.com.au>
X-Sender: paul@nw.com.au
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Light Version 1.5.4 (32)
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Date: Thu, 27 May 1999 21:22:01 +0800
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: paul <paul@nw.com.au>
Subject: Coral spawn cryopreservation
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: paul <paul@nw.com.au>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 317
Hi all,
I was curious to know whether anyone had attempted to cryogenically freeze
then restore coral eggs and sperm. I know eggs & sperm from recently spawned
corals have been sucessfully collected and grown out, but if they could be
cryopreserved, then they could be stored in bulk and redeposited on the same
reef if it was somehow destroyed. Obviously if the cause of any such die off
would have to be rectified and I guess this is assuming that algae & borers
don't destroy the underlying reef structure prior to any reseeding.
Paul Groves
Head Aquarist
Underwater World - Perth - Australia
Founder MASWA - Marine Aquarists Society of WA
Email paul@nw.com.au
ICQ VIN# 4231441
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu May 27 09:56:00 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA10654 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 27 May 1999 09:56:00 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA15834; Thu, 27 May 1999 09:59:14 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma015821; Thu, 27 May 99 09:59:08 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 27 May 1999 09:56:25 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA01400; Thu, 27 May 1999 13:18:39 GMT
Received: from kgsserver.kgs.ukans.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id JAA01398; Thu, 27 May 1999 09:18:33 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from kgs.ukans.edu ([129.237.141.93]) by kgsserver.kgs.ukans.edu
          (Netscape Messaging Server 3.5)  with ESMTP id 370
          for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>;
          Thu, 27 May 1999 08:20:41 -0500
Message-Id: <374D46AD.774420E8@kgs.ukans.edu>
Date: Thu, 27 May 1999 08:20:45 -0500
From: "John Guinotte" <guinotte@kgs.ukans.edu>
Organization: Kansas Geological Survey
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en] (WinNT; I)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Coral List <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Coral Reef Modeling
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "John Guinotte" <guinotte@kgs.ukans.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 318
Dear Coral Listers,
I have posted the results of my Master's thesis "A Model for Predicting
Coral Reef Habitat in the Tropical Western Atlantic and Eastern Pacific"
at the following address:
http://ghsun1.kgs.ukans.edu:8002/LOhtml/MxHhtml/website.html
The MexHab model is a regional-scale extension / improvement of ReefHab,
a model developed in 1997 by Dr. Joanie Kleypas of the National Center
for Atmospheric Research.
Kleypas, J.A.  1997.  Modeled estimates of global reef habitat and
carbonate production since the last glacial maximum. Paleoceanography
12(4):533-545.
MexHab is a raster GIS (ESRI Software) that uses environmental data sets
(SST, Salinity, Nutrients [NO3, PO4], Light, and Slope) to identify
areas suitable for reef habitat to occur [spatial resolution ~ 2 x 2
min]. The purpose of posting MexHab model results is to generate
comments, suggestions, questions, etc., from reef scientists who are
interested in this method of predictive reef research.
In at least some areas, model prediction of known offshore reefs seems
good; I know that coastal (fringing) reefs are overpredicted, and hope
to be able to improve future generations of the model by including some
terrestrial variables such
as geology and runoff.  However, I am particularly interested in
validating or discrediting the offshore "false positives" (e.g. off the
Northeastern coasts of Honduras - Nicaragua and the Yucatan Peninsula).
If you can confirm / discount that reefs do / do not occur in these
regions (see MAPS), please contact me.
Thank You-
John
--
_____________________________
John Guinotte
Kansas Geological Survey
University of Kansas
1930 Constant Ave.
Lawrence, KS 66047
Voice: (785) 864-3965 ext.431
Fax: (785) 864-5317
Email: guinotte@kgs.ukans.edu
_____________________________
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu May 27 11:55:23 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA15043 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 27 May 1999 11:55:22 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA28398; Thu, 27 May 1999 12:00:07 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028345; Thu, 27 May 99 11:59:35 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 27 May 1999 11:55:15 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA02184; Thu, 27 May 1999 15:01:31 GMT
Received: from imo28.mx.aol.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <Coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA02168; Thu, 27 May 1999 11:01:16 -0400 (EDT)
From: EricHugo@aol.com
Received: from EricHugo@aol.com (8047)
	by imo28.mx.aol.com (IMOv20) id oKNNa02054;
	Thu, 27 May 1999 11:01:04 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <1e5bb8dd.247eb82f@aol.com>
Date: Thu, 27 May 1999 11:01:03 EDT
Subject: Re: coelenterate sensory systems
To: cbentis@bu.edu, Coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Mailer: AOL for Macintosh sub 54
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: EricHugo@aol.com
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 319
In a message dated 5/24/99 3:01:36 PM, cbentis@bu.edu writes:
<< Is anyone familiar with the anatomy of surficial microstructures
on polyp tentacles.  I have observed on SEM small (~1 micron) hair-like
structures and have seen them referred to, in a book entitled "Microbial
Seascapes", as a bacterial lawn.  It has been brought to my attention
that they curiously resemble cilliated epithelium. If anyone has seen
these structures or has
anymore information as to their identity, function, etc.  >>
Are you referring to microvilli?  References I have suggest that microvilli
on coral surfaces are related to the uptake of DOM from sea water and that
ciliated epithelium is related to movement of bacterioplankton (and the like)
across coral surfaces for ingestion.  I can dig up some references for you on
this if you haven't already received enough, and off the top of my head, HAF
Gohar has some pretty detailed reports on such anatomy in Xeniids in the
1940's Publications of the Marine Research Station at Ghadarqa.
Eric Borneman
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu May 27 13:07:30 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA17081 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 27 May 1999 13:07:29 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA06333; Thu, 27 May 1999 13:10:40 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma006264; Thu, 27 May 99 13:10:22 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 27 May 1999 13:07:35 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA02582; Thu, 27 May 1999 15:31:32 GMT
Received: from zahn.acpub.duke.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA02583; Thu, 27 May 1999 11:31:21 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from bio5.acpub.duke.edu (sjl3@bio5.acpub.duke.edu [152.3.233.105])
	by zahn.acpub.duke.edu (8.8.5/Duke-4.7.0) with ESMTP id LAA29895;
	Thu, 27 May 1999 11:28:50 -0400 (EDT)
Received: (from sjl3@localhost)
	by bio5.acpub.duke.edu (8.8.5/Duke-4.7.0) id LAA12205;
	Thu, 27 May 1999 11:28:49 -0400 (EDT)
Date: Thu, 27 May 1999 11:28:48 -0400 (EDT)
From: Sean Lyman <sjl3@duke.edu>
X-Sender: sjl3@bio5.acpub.duke.edu
To: Coral List <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Stegastes partitus fecundity
Message-Id: <Pine.SOL.3.91.990527112631.11981D-100000@bio5.acpub.duke.edu>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Sean Lyman <sjl3@duke.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 320
Folks:
I wonder if anyone has an estimate of how many times a female bicolor
damselfish (Stegastes partitus) will spawn over the course of a season.
I know they spawn around the full moon, but I've been unable to find out
if it's every month or every other month, etc.
Thanks in advance for your help.
Cheers,
Sean
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Sean J. Lyman
Duke University Marine Laboratory          sjl3@duke.edu
135 Duke Marine Lab Road                   sean.lyman@duke.edu
Beaufort, NC  28516  USA
Phone:  (252) 504-7565
Fax:    (252) 504-7648
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu May 27 13:59:28 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA18548 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 27 May 1999 13:59:27 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA10601; Thu, 27 May 1999 14:04:36 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma010549; Thu, 27 May 99 14:03:42 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 27 May 1999 14:00:55 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA02547; Thu, 27 May 1999 15:29:58 GMT
Received: from diario1.sureste.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA02538; Thu, 27 May 1999 11:29:48 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from pampano (premier37.sureste.com [200.34.48.167])
	by diario1.sureste.com (8.8.8/8.8.8) with SMTP id KAA21104;
	Thu, 27 May 1999 10:24:41 -0500 (CDT)
Message-Id: <00cb01bea85d$efcf07a0$9b3022c8@pampano>
From: "pampano" <pampano@diario1.sureste.com>
To: "Rohan" <rohan@flamingobay.com.au>, <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
References: <003401bea7db$976975a0$0601a8c0@pii-266.reef2me.com.au>
Subject: RE: Mexican ship grounding - request for info.
Date: Thu, 27 May 1999 10:27:38 -0600
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_00C0_01BEA82B.8AE24FA0"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2014.211
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2014.211
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "pampano" <pampano@diario1.sureste.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 321
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_00C0_01BEA82B.8AE24FA0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
The site is located south of cozumel Island in the Mexican Carebean, =
east off Can Cun city, Quintana Roo state.
  ----- Original Message -----=20
  From: Rohan=20
  To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov=20
  Sent: Wednesday, May 26, 1999 6:55 PM
  Subject: Mexican ship grounding - request for info.
  G'day all,
    I am interested in going to the recent shrimp boat grounding site at =
Yucatan Peninsula, Quintana Roo to assess the damage done to the reef.  =
Can anyone please provide me with more information about the site, =
particularly GPS coordinates, nearest port of call and the type of =
reef/dominant species.
    Any info would be greatly appreciated.
    Thanks,
  =20
    Rohan Pratt
    Flamingo Bay Research
------=_NextPart_000_00C0_01BEA82B.8AE24FA0
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3Dtext/html;charset=3Diso-8859-1 =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D"MSHTML 5.00.2014.210" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>The site is located south of cozumel =
Island in the=20
Mexican Carebean, east off Can Cun city, Quintana Roo =
state.</FONT></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: =
0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">
  <DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
  <DIV=20
  style=3D"BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; FONT: 10pt arial; font-color: =
black"><B>From:</B>=20
  <A href=3D"mailto:rohan@flamingobay.com.au"=20
  title=3Drohan@flamingobay.com.au>Rohan</A> </DIV>
  <DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A=20
  href=3D"mailto:coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov"=20
  =
title=3Dcoral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov</A>=
 </DIV>
  <DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Wednesday, May 26, 1999 =
6:55=20
  PM</DIV>
  <DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> Mexican ship grounding =
- request=20
  for info.</DIV>
  <DIV><BR></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>G'day all,</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>&nbsp; I am interested in going to =
the recent=20
  shrimp boat grounding site at Yucatan Peninsula, Quintana Roo to =
assess the=20
  damage done to the reef.&nbsp; Can anyone please provide me with more=20
  information about the site, particularly GPS coordinates, nearest port =
of call=20
  and the type of reef/dominant species.</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>&nbsp; Any info would be greatly=20
  appreciated.</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>&nbsp; Thanks,</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>&nbsp; Rohan Pratt</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>&nbsp; Flamingo Bay=20
Research</FONT></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_000_00C0_01BEA82B.8AE24FA0--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu May 27 18:10:06 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id SAA23762 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 27 May 1999 18:10:06 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA28920; Thu, 27 May 1999 18:14:00 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028890; Thu, 27 May 99 18:13:35 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 27 May 1999 18:10:53 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA02439; Thu, 27 May 1999 21:00:25 GMT
Received: from zahn.acpub.duke.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA02543; Thu, 27 May 1999 17:00:08 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from bio5.acpub.duke.edu (sjl3@bio5.acpub.duke.edu [152.3.233.105])
	by zahn.acpub.duke.edu (8.8.5/Duke-4.7.0) with ESMTP id QAA15376;
	Thu, 27 May 1999 16:58:34 -0400 (EDT)
Received: (from sjl3@localhost)
	by bio5.acpub.duke.edu (8.8.5/Duke-4.7.0) id QAA13582;
	Thu, 27 May 1999 16:58:33 -0400 (EDT)
Date: Thu, 27 May 1999 16:58:33 -0400 (EDT)
From: Sean Lyman <sjl3@duke.edu>
X-Sender: sjl3@bio5.acpub.duke.edu
To: Coral List <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Stegastes partitus fecundity clarification
Message-Id: <Pine.SOL.3.91.990527165547.13543B-100000@bio5.acpub.duke.edu>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Sean Lyman <sjl3@duke.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 322
Hello again:
When I read over my copy of the message, I realized I was a little
unclear in my query:
How many times does an INDIVIDUAL bicolor damselfish spawn per year?  Can
she spawn every month, or is it less often?
Many apologies for the poor wording of my previous posting.
Cheers,
Sean
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Sean J. Lyman
Duke University Marine Laboratory          sjl3@duke.edu
135 Duke Marine Lab Road                   sean.lyman@duke.edu
Beaufort, NC  28516  USA
Phone:  (252) 504-7565
Fax:    (252) 504-7648
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu May 27 19:42:02 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id TAA25006 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 27 May 1999 19:42:01 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA02745; Thu, 27 May 1999 19:45:14 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma002710; Thu, 27 May 99 19:44:44 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 27 May 1999 19:42:02 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id XAA03103; Thu, 27 May 1999 23:07:59 GMT
Received: from axis.scu.edu.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id TAA03098; Thu, 27 May 1999 19:07:40 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from alsvid.scu.edu.au (root@alsvid.scu.edu.au [203.2.33.1])
	by axis.scu.edu.au (8.9.1a/8.9.1) with ESMTP id JAA00072
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 28 May 1999 09:08:45 +1000 (EST)
Received: from [203.2.40.40] (s1h1p20.scu.edu.au [203.2.40.40])
	by alsvid.scu.edu.au (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id JAA04367
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 28 May 1999 09:08:44 +1000
X-Sender: pharriso@pophost.scu.edu.au
Message-Id: <l03020900b37380241856@[203.2.40.40]>
In-Reply-To: <1.5.4.32.19990527132201.0068b354@nw.com.au>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Date: Fri, 28 May 1999 09:06:49 +1000
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Peter Harrison <pharriso@scu.edu.au>
Subject: Re: Coral spawn cryopreservation
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Peter Harrison <pharriso@scu.edu.au>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 323
Hi Paul,
Gregor Hodgson has done some early work on this - see his hybrid paper 1988
Coral conference in Townsville,
cheers
Peter>Hi all,
>
>I was curious to know whether anyone had attempted to cryogenically freeze
>then restore coral eggs and sperm. I know eggs & sperm from recently spawned
>corals have been sucessfully collected and grown out, but if they could be
>cryopreserved, then they could be stored in bulk and redeposited on the same
>reef if it was somehow destroyed. Obviously if the cause of any such die off
>would have to be rectified and I guess this is assuming that algae & borers
>don't destroy the underlying reef structure prior to any reseeding.
>
>Paul Groves
>Head Aquarist
>Underwater World - Perth - Australia
>Founder MASWA - Marine Aquarists Society of WA
>Email paul@nw.com.au
>ICQ VIN# 4231441
Dr Peter Harrison
Senior Lecturer in Ecology
School of Resource Science and Management
Southern Cross University
PO Box 157
Lismore NSW 2480
Australia
Phone: 0266 203774
Fax: 0266 212669
International: 61 266 203774
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu May 27 22:04:43 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id WAA26785 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 27 May 1999 22:04:42 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA07296; Thu, 27 May 1999 22:07:55 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma007283; Thu, 27 May 99 22:07:18 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 27 May 1999 22:04:37 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id BAA03660; Fri, 28 May 1999 01:27:20 GMT
Received: from pearl.aims.gov.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id VAA03572; Thu, 27 May 1999 21:27:06 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from charliev.aims.gov.au ([138.7.37.12])
	by pearl.aims.gov.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id LAA20700
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 28 May 1999 11:28:11 +1000 (EST)
Message-Id: <3.0.1.32.19990528074747.0076b5d0@email.aims.gov.au>
X-Sender: dfenner@email.aims.gov.au
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0.1 (32)
Date: Fri, 28 May 1999 07:47:47 +1000
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Doug Fenner <d.fenner@aims.gov.au>
Subject: TV show transcript on bleaching
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Doug Fenner <d.fenner@aims.gov.au>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 324
Coralisters:
    A documentary was recently aired by Australian Broadcasting Corp. on
the massive bleaching around the world last year.  It was quite impressive,
and left the viewer with the feeling that this could be the greatest threat
yet to reefs.  There is a transcript available on the web at
http://abc.net.au/science/coral/
The show deserves airing elsewhere as well.  -Doug
Douglas Fenner, Ph.D.
Coral Taxonomist
Australian Institute of Marine Science
PMB No 3
Townsville MC
Queensland 4810
Australia
phone 07 4753 4241
e-mail: d.fenner@aims.gov.au
web: http://www.aims.gov.au
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu May 27 23:46:56 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id XAA28880 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 27 May 1999 23:46:56 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id XAA09428; Thu, 27 May 1999 23:52:06 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma009415; Thu, 27 May 99 23:51:07 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 27 May 1999 23:48:26 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id DAA04113; Fri, 28 May 1999 03:28:37 GMT
Received: from pearl.aims.gov.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id XAA04096; Thu, 27 May 1999 23:28:23 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from clivepc.aims.gov.au (ppp-05.aims.gov.au [138.7.56.5])
	by pearl.aims.gov.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id NAA26533;
	Fri, 28 May 1999 13:20:40 +1000 (EST)
Message-Id: <3.0.1.32.19990528125049.00709458@email.aims.gov.au>
X-Sender: cwilkins@email.aims.gov.au
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0.1 (32)
Date: Fri, 28 May 1999 12:50:49 +1000
To: Coral-List <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: Clive Wilkinson <c.wilkinson@aims.gov.au>
Subject: Status of Coral Reefs of the World: 1998
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/enriched; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Clive Wilkinson <c.wilkinson@aims.gov.au>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 325
The Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network published its first global report in November last year. We did not have enough money to make copies for everybody, but it is now available on the WWW.
Go into the AIMS Page http://www.aims.gov.au/scr1998 and you will find the full text.
There is an easy find feature that links to the summary chapters, but not to the bleaching report at the start.
The GCRMN will update this report every 2 years; so we are now planning for next year. To do a better job, we will need all the help we can get. Please look at the report and get back to me with any comments or corrections for next year: c.wilkinson@aims.gov.au
Thank you
Clive Wilkinson
<bigger>
><<> ><<> ><<> ><<> ><<> ><<> ~~~ <<><< <<><< <<><< <<><< <<><< <<><<
Clive Wilkinson, Coordinator
Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network
c/o Australian Institute of Marine Science
Tel: +61 7 4772 4314; Fax: +61 7 4772 2808 or 4772 5852
<<><< <<><< <<><< <<><< <<><< <<><< ~~~ ><<> ><<> ><<> ><<> ><<> ><<>
</bigger>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri May 28 04:10:56 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id EAA00946 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 28 May 1999 04:10:55 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id EAA13791; Fri, 28 May 1999 04:14:49 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma013763; Fri, 28 May 99 04:13:52 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 28 May 1999 04:11:03 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id HAA05206; Fri, 28 May 1999 07:46:00 GMT
Received: from quantum.mweb.co.za by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id DAA05184; Fri, 28 May 1999 03:45:45 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from bridget (net-41-125.cis.co.za [196.2.41.125]) by quantum.mweb.co.za (8.9.3/8.7.3) with SMTP id JAA29378 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 28 May 1999 09:44:26 +0200
Message-Id: <001701bea8de$dc101480$7d2902c4@bridget>
From: "Bridget Elliott" <b.elliott@mweb.co.za>
To: "Coral List" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: monitoring of reefs
Date: Thu, 27 May 1999 16:57:54 +0200
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0056_01BEA862.0FF92480"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.2106.4
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.2106.4
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Bridget Elliott" <b.elliott@mweb.co.za>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 326
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_0056_01BEA862.0FF92480
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Hullo
In our province (KwaZulu-Natal on the east coast of South Africa) we =
have both coral and rock reefs. We are initiating a long-term monitoring =
program, but while there are established methods for coral reefs, I am =
struggling to find accepted techniques for monitoring rock reefs.
Ideally, if we could use the same method (Line Intercept Transects) for =
both types of reefs it would greatly simplify data collection and =
training of the data collectors. However, I am concerned that certain =
assumptions of the method (that the size of teh object is small relative =
to the length of the line) will be violated by the type of cover on rock =
reefs. One would expect to encounter fairly large patches of =
monospecific algae for example.
Does anyone out there know of any published or established methods for =
monitoring temperate rock reefs ? Has anyone tried this in California =
for example ?
Regards
Bridget Elliott
KZN Nature Conservation Service
Durban, South Africa
------=_NextPart_000_0056_01BEA862.0FF92480
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META content=3Dtext/html;charset=3Diso-8859-1 =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D'"MSHTML 4.72.2106.6"' name=3DGENERATOR>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Hullo</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>In our province (KwaZulu-Natal on =
the east coast=20
of South Africa) we have both coral and rock reefs. We are initiating a=20
long-term monitoring program, but while there are established methods =
for coral=20
reefs, I am struggling to find accepted techniques for monitoring rock=20
reefs.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Ideally, if we could use the same =
method (Line=20
Intercept Transects) for both types of reefs it would greatly simplify =
data=20
collection and training of the data collectors. However, I am concerned =
that=20
certain assumptions of the method (that the size of teh object is small =
relative=20
to the length of the line) will be violated by the type of cover on rock =
reefs.=20
One would expect to encounter fairly large patches of monospecific algae =
for=20
example.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Does anyone out there know of any =
published or=20
established methods for monitoring temperate rock reefs ? Has anyone =
tried this=20
in California for example ?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Regards</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Bridget Elliott</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>KZN Nature Conservation =
Service</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Durban, South =
Africa</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_000_0056_01BEA862.0FF92480--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun May 23 13:11:15 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA28292 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 23 May 1999 13:11:15 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA26280; Sun, 23 May 1999 13:14:28 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma026270; Sun, 23 May 99 13:13:54 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sun, 23 May 1999 13:11:10 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA59929; Sun, 23 May 1999 16:21:08 GMT
Received: from hpdmgaaa.compuserve.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA59943; Sun, 23 May 1999 12:20:50 -0400 (EDT)
Received: (from mailgate@localhost)
	by hpdmgaaa.compuserve.com (8.8.8/8.8.8/HP-1.4) id MAA19342
	for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Sun, 23 May 1999 12:21:56 -0400 (EDT)
Date: Sun, 23 May 1999 12:21:36 -0400
From: Julian Sprung <JSprung@compuserve.com>
Subject: Bleaching Already
To: Coral List <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Message-Id: <199905231221_MC2-76C9-5031@compuserve.com>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	 charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Disposition: inline
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Julian Sprung <JSprung@compuserve.com>
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id NAA28292
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 327
I am curious about something, and this thread reminded me to post the
question to the list-
Is there an organization, governmental or academic, that monitors the
intensity of Ultraviolet wavelengths at various points on the surface of
the planet? If there were fluctuations of, say, 10% in the maximum UV
intensity would it be big news? For corals it may be.
Julian Sprung
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri May 28 17:39:41 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA18600 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 28 May 1999 17:39:40 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA16850; Fri, 28 May 1999 17:43:35 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma016837; Fri, 28 May 99 17:43:30 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 28 May 1999 17:40:47 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA10168; Fri, 28 May 1999 21:13:46 GMT
Received: from OCRMHQ.NOS.NOAA.GOV by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA10133; Fri, 28 May 1999 17:13:28 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from noaa.gov ([140.90.116.100]) by OCRMHQ.NOS.NOAA.GOV
          (Netscape Messaging Server 3.62)  with ESMTP id 527;
          Fri, 28 May 1999 17:13:46 -0400
Message-Id: <374F07FC.5A53FC09@noaa.gov>
Date: Fri, 28 May 1999 17:17:55 -0400
From: Ben Haskell <Ben.Haskell@noaa.gov>
Organization: FKNMS
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 (Macintosh; U; PPC)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: cmpan@ucdavis.edu, Coral list <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
CC: Cheva Heck <Cheva.Heck@ocrmhq.nos.noaa.gov>,
        Jill Cowie-Haskell <cowhaskie@aol.com>, Tom Lee <tlee@rsmas.miami.edu>
Subject: Tortugas 2000 Update
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
 boundary="------------176C027D46509542CF36D5A5"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Ben Haskell <ben.haskell@noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status: A
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 328
--------------176C027D46509542CF36D5A5
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii; x-mac-type="54455854"; x-mac-creator="4D4F5353"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Dear CMPAN and Coral listers-
Tortugas 2000 is a collaborative project to create an ecological reserve
(no-take) in the Tortugas region of the Florida Keys National Marine
Sanctuary.
A 25-member working group composed of a broad range of stakeholders and
agency representatives was tasked a year ago with coming up with a
recommended boundary alternative for NOAA and the State of Florida to
consider.
Last Saturday, May 22, the Working Group reached consensus on
recommending that a 186 square nautical mile area representing a range
of very high quality coral reef habitats be set aside for the benefit of
the ecosystem and present and future generations.  After 7 years of
acrimonious debate about the utility of marine reserves in the Florida
Keys, one of the most heavily used coral reef ecosystems in the world,
this consensus recommendation represents a milestone in Sanctuary
management.
If you would like more details on this recommendation and the Tortugas
2000 project please visit our website at http://fpac.fsu.edu/tortugas.
Thank you,
Benjamin D. Haskell
Project Manager and Science Coordinator
http://www.sanctuaries.nos.noaa.gov
--------------176C027D46509542CF36D5A5
Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en">
<html>
Dear CMPAN and Coral listers-
<p>Tortugas 2000 is a collaborative project to create an ecological reserve
(no-take) in the Tortugas region of the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary.
<p>A 25-member working group composed of a broad range of stakeholders
and agency representatives was tasked a year ago with coming up with a
recommended boundary alternative for NOAA and the State of Florida to consider.
<p>Last Saturday, May 22, the Working Group reached consensus on recommending
that a 186 square nautical mile area representing a range of very high
quality coral reef habitats be set aside for the benefit of the ecosystem
and present and future generations.&nbsp; After 7 years of acrimonious
debate about the utility of marine reserves in the Florida Keys, one of
the most heavily used coral reef ecosystems in the world, this consensus
recommendation represents a milestone in Sanctuary management.
<p>If you would like more details on this recommendation and the Tortugas
2000 project please visit our website at <a href="http://fpac.fsu.edu/tortugas">http://fpac.fsu.edu/tortugas</a>.
<p>Thank you,
<br>Benjamin D. Haskell
<br>Project Manager and Science Coordinator
<br><a href="http://www.sanctuaries.nos.noaa.gov/">http://www.sanctuaries.nos.noaa.gov</a></html>
--------------176C027D46509542CF36D5A5--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat May 29 15:13:06 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA28106 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 29 May 1999 15:13:05 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA13208; Sat, 29 May 1999 15:17:00 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma013178; Sat, 29 May 99 15:16:30 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 29 May 1999 15:13:48 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA16225; Sat, 29 May 1999 18:49:39 GMT
Received: from ns2.wasantara.net.id by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA14954; Sat, 29 May 1999 14:49:24 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from pbaru.wasantara.net.id (pbaru.wasantara.net.id [202.159.84.163])
	by ns2.wasantara.net.id (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id DAA08271
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 30 May 1999 03:21:29 +0700 (JAVT)
Received: from PBARU/SpoolDir by pbaru.wasantara.net.id (Mercury 1.40);
    30 May 99 01:49:57 +0700
Received: from SpoolDir by PBARU (Mercury 1.40); 30 May 99 01:49:28 +0700
Received: from arsjujono (202.159.84.180) by pbaru.wasantara.net.id (Mercury 1.40);
    30 May 99 01:49:23 +0700
Message-Id: <3.0.32.19990530015401.0069611c@pbaru.wasantara.net.id>
X-Sender: arsjujono@pbaru.wasantara.net.id
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0 (32)
Date: Sun, 30 May 1999 01:54:02 +0700
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: sjujono <arsjujono@pbaru.wasantara.net.id>
Subject: need information
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: sjujono <arsjujono@pbaru.wasantara.net.id>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 329
hi coral-list
what is the relationship between suspended matter with conditions and
distributions of coral reef
Thanks
GOGOT FEBRYANTO
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat May 29 15:18:52 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA28144 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 29 May 1999 15:18:52 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA13321; Sat, 29 May 1999 15:24:05 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma013294; Sat, 29 May 99 15:23:14 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 29 May 1999 15:20:17 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA15256; Sat, 29 May 1999 19:00:12 GMT
Received: from mailgate.wasantara.net.id by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA15134; Sat, 29 May 1999 14:59:55 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from pbaru.wasantara.net.id (pbaru.wasantara.net.id [202.159.84.163])
	by mailgate.wasantara.net.id (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id CAA29296
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 30 May 1999 02:21:13 +0700 (JAVT)
Received: from PBARU/SpoolDir by pbaru.wasantara.net.id (Mercury 1.40);
    30 May 99 02:00:26 +0700
Received: from SpoolDir by PBARU (Mercury 1.40); 30 May 99 02:00:11 +0700
Received: from arsjujono (202.159.84.181) by pbaru.wasantara.net.id (Mercury 1.40);
    30 May 99 02:00:05 +0700
Message-Id: <3.0.32.19990530020443.006851e4@pbaru.wasantara.net.id>
X-Sender: arsjujono@pbaru.wasantara.net.id (Unverified)
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0 (32)
Date: Sun, 30 May 1999 02:04:44 +0700
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: sjujono <arsjujono@pbaru.wasantara.net.id>
Subject: ARTIFICIAL REEF
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/enriched; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: sjujono <arsjujono@pbaru.wasantara.net.id>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 330
I NEED YOUR SUGGEST
WE GONNA MAKE ARTIFICIAL REEF WITH <underline>TYRE </underline>IN RUPAT
ISLAND
HAVE ANY EFFECT WITH THAT MATERIAL???
THANK
GOGOT FEBRYANTO
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat May 29 16:34:47 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA28562 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 29 May 1999 16:34:46 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA15264; Sat, 29 May 1999 16:38:41 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma015251; Sat, 29 May 99 16:38:02 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 29 May 1999 16:35:21 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA16551; Sat, 29 May 1999 20:16:15 GMT
Received: from ns2.wasantara.net.id by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA16441; Sat, 29 May 1999 16:15:57 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from pbaru.wasantara.net.id (pbaru.wasantara.net.id [202.159.84.163])
	by ns2.wasantara.net.id (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id EAA09053
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 30 May 1999 04:48:04 +0700 (JAVT)
Received: from PBARU/SpoolDir by pbaru.wasantara.net.id (Mercury 1.40);
    30 May 99 03:16:31 +0700
Received: from SpoolDir by PBARU (Mercury 1.40); 30 May 99 03:16:18 +0700
Received: from arsjujono (202.159.84.175) by pbaru.wasantara.net.id (Mercury 1.40);
    30 May 99 03:16:11 +0700
Message-Id: <3.0.32.19990530032049.0069dfc4@pbaru.wasantara.net.id>
X-Sender: arsjujono@pbaru.wasantara.net.id
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0 (32)
Date: Sun, 30 May 1999 03:20:50 +0700
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: sjujono <arsjujono@pbaru.wasantara.net.id>
Subject: ARTIFICIAL REEF
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/enriched; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: sjujono <arsjujono@pbaru.wasantara.net.id>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 331
>>>>
<excerpt>Date: Sun, 30 May 1999 02:04:44 +0700
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: sjujono <<arsjujono@pbaru.wasantara.net.id>
Subject: ARTIFICIAL REEF
I NEED YOUR SUGGEST
WE GONNA MAKE ARTIFICIAL REEF WITH <underline>TYRE </underline>IN RUPAT
ISLAND
HAVE ANY EFFECT WITH THAT MATERIAL???
THANK
</excerpt>GOGOT FEBRYANTO<<<<<<<<
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon May 31 12:43:28 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA14101 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 31 May 1999 12:43:28 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA21778; Mon, 31 May 1999 12:48:42 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma021761; Mon, 31 May 99 12:48:21 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 31 May 1999 12:45:32 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA28427; Mon, 31 May 1999 16:10:51 GMT
Received: from mcmail.cis.McMaster.CA by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA28332; Mon, 31 May 1999 12:10:33 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from localhost (browndr@localhost)
	by mcmail.cis.McMaster.CA (8.8.8/8.8.8) with SMTP id MAA24193
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 31 May 1999 12:11:33 -0400 (EDT)
Date: Mon, 31 May 1999 12:11:33 -0400 (EDT)
From: "D.R. Browne" <browndr@mcmail.cis.mcmaster.ca>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: looking for a cyanide video
Message-Id: <Pine.SOL.3.96.990531115859.19343A-100000@mcmail.cis.McMaster.CA>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "D.R. Browne" <browndr@mcmail.cis.mcmaster.ca>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 332
Does anyone know where I can get a copy of an amateur video I once saw of
two cyanide fishers tearing apart coral going after a large wrasse with
squirt bottles followed by an interview with a fish trader at a live fish
holding platform?  I believe the video was shot near Ambon.  The version I
saw was about 10 minutes long and had a few text screens inserted between
scenes to explain what was happening.  I think it was made around 1996.
If anyone knows of this video please contact me at browndr@mcmaster.ca.
Thanks for your help,
David Browne
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Jun  1 00:39:36 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id AAA19106 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 1 Jun 1999 00:39:35 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id AAA08683; Tue, 1 Jun 1999 00:44:50 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma008671; Tue, 1 Jun 99 00:44:44 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 1 Jun 1999 00:42:01 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id EAA31498; Tue, 1 Jun 1999 04:14:50 GMT
Received: from electron.emu.usyd.edu.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id AAA31572; Tue, 1 Jun 1999 00:14:36 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from [129.78.149.64] (scherzer.emu.usyd.edu.au [129.78.149.64])
	by electron.emu.usyd.edu.au (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id OAA01010
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 1 Jun 1999 14:15:41 +1000
Date: Tue, 1 Jun 1999 14:15:41 +1000
X-Sender: anya@mail.emu.usyd.edu.au
Message-Id: <v01510104b3799b29b821@[129.78.149.64]>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: anya@emu.usyd.edu.au (anya salih)
Subject: Re: coelenterate sensory systems
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: anya@emu.usyd.edu.au (anya salih)
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 333
>Is anyone familiar with the anatomy of surficial microstructures
>on polyp tentacles.  I have observed on SEM small (~1 micron) hair-like
>structures and have seen them referred to, in a book entitled "Microbial
>Seascapes", as a bacterial lawn.  It has been brought to my attention
>that they curiously resemble cilliated epithelium. If anyone has seen
>these structures or has
I have seen (by light microscopy) cilia  on the epidermal layer of many
corals. If coral tissues are mechanically broken up or chemically
dissociated, the clumps of tissues will then rapidly rotate in seawater
from the action of beating cilia on their surfaces. Bacteria are also
present on the surface and can be just made out by light mircroscopy, are
much smaller and thinner. The epidermal layer of coral larvae is also
ciliated. I would think that the cilia increase the absorption surface
area.
Anya
Anya Salih                      Internet:  anya@emu.usyd.edu.au
Marine Physiology Lab           Telephone:02-93513006 (Zool)
Zoology AO8                               02-93517540 (EMU)
School of Biological Sciences   Facsimile:02-93517682
The University of Sydney
Sydney, 2006, AUSTRALIA
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Jun  1 00:46:40 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id AAA19143 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 1 Jun 1999 00:46:39 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id AAA08755; Tue, 1 Jun 1999 00:49:53 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma008741; Tue, 1 Jun 99 00:49:35 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 1 Jun 1999 00:46:54 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id EAA31443; Tue, 1 Jun 1999 04:18:30 GMT
Received: from wgs1.btl.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id AAA31560; Tue, 1 Jun 1999 00:18:16 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from jamaica.ncl.ac.uk ([206.27.245.33]) by wgs1.btl.net
          (Netscape Messaging Server 3.6)  with SMTP id AAB47D2
          for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>;
          Mon, 31 May 1999 22:17:18 -0500
From: "Ivor Williams" <i.d.williams@ncl.ac.uk>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Date: Mon, 31 May 1999 22:20:43 +0000
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT
Subject: assessing grazing intensity
Priority: normal
Message-Id: <77273C876AB.AAB47D2@wgs1.btl.net>
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Ivor Williams" <i.d.williams@ncl.ac.uk>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 334
I would very much appreciate some practical advice on field methods for
assessing grazing intensity by herbivorous fishes.  I am currently doing field
work in Belize looking at fish abundance and benthic communities and would like
to assess fish bite rates within 5*5m plots on 12m deep forereef areas.
I had planned to approximately follow the AGRA protocol (5 min abservations of
1 sq meter areas), but find either (most of the time) there are no fish grazing
during the 5 minute period, or there are about 20 small fish frantically
nibbling and it is impossible to keep track. The resulting data set is
something like 0, 0, 387, 0, 6, 513... so, not only is there are a large
element of guesstimation in the replicates with large numbers of bites, but
also the replication necessary to get meaningful data looks horrendous. My
feeling now is that I might be better to follow individual fishes for fixed
periods and then try to use average grazing rates to convert fish abundance
data into grazing intensity, but I would prefer to directly assessing grazing
itself.if it is feasible.
Thanks for any help you can give
Ivor Williams
Centre for Tropical Coastal Management
Department of Marine Sciences
Ridley Building
University of Newcastle upon Tyne
NE1 7RU
Tel: +44 (0)191 222 5868
Fax: +44 (0)191 222 7891
Belize phone 00 501 26 3856
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Jun  1 05:34:06 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id FAA20677 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 1 Jun 1999 05:34:05 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id FAA12944; Tue, 1 Jun 1999 05:37:21 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma012913; Tue, 1 Jun 99 05:35:56 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 1 Jun 1999 05:33:13 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id JAA32791; Tue, 1 Jun 1999 09:11:27 GMT
Message-Id: <199906010911.JAA32791@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Tue, 01 Jun 1999 10:42:34 +0200
From: Peter van Treeck <van_treeck@uni-essen.de>
To: Ivor Williams <i.d.williams@ncl.ac.uk>
CC: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: assessing grazing intensity
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Peter van Treeck <van_treeck@uni-essen.de>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 335
Dear Ivor,
What about interval video camera? We did that and it worked fine.  The
camera took a sequence of 2 sec every 2 minutes the whole day.  With high
resolution cameras it is possible to identify the grazing species as well
as the number of bites. First results can be found in van Treeck,
Schuhmacher & Paster (1996)Grazing and Bioerosion by Herbivorous Fishes -
Key Processes Structuring Coral reef Communities.  in Reitner, Neuweiler,
Gunkel (eds)Global and Regional Controls on Biogenic Sedimentation.I. Reef
Evolution. Research Reports.- G=F6ttinger Arb. Geol. Palaeont. SB2, 133-137
Goettingen Check as well Bruggemann (1994)Parrotfish grazing on coral
reefs- A trophic novelty. PhD Thesis Groningen, NL
Cheers Peter
Ivor Williams schrieb:
>
> I would very much appreciate some practical advice on field methods for
> assessing grazing intensity by herbivorous fishes.  I am currently doing =
field
> work in Belize looking at fish abundance and benthic communities and woul=
d like
> to assess fish bite rates within 5*5m plots on 12m deep forereef areas.
>
> I had planned to approximately follow the AGRA protocol (5 min abservatio=
ns of
> 1 sq meter areas), but find either (most of the time) there are no fish g=
razing
> during the 5 minute period, or there are about 20 small fish frantically
> nibbling and it is impossible to keep track. The resulting data set is
> something like 0, 0, 387, 0, 6, 513... so, not only is there are a large
> element of guesstimation in the replicates with large numbers of bites, b=
ut
> also the replication necessary to get meaningful data looks horrendous. M=
y
> feeling now is that I might be better to follow individual fishes for fix=
ed
> periods and then try to use average grazing rates to convert fish abundan=
ce
> data into grazing intensity, but I would prefer to directly assessing gra=
zing
> itself.if it is feasible.
>
> Thanks for any help you can give
>
> Ivor Williams
>
> Centre for Tropical Coastal Management
> Department of Marine Sciences
> Ridley Building
> University of Newcastle upon Tyne
> NE1 7RU
> Tel: +44 (0)191 222 5868
> Fax: +44 (0)191 222 7891
> Belize phone 00 501 26 3856
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Jun  1 07:59:24 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id HAA22004 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 1 Jun 1999 07:59:24 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA18144; Tue, 1 Jun 1999 08:03:22 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma018122; Tue, 1 Jun 99 08:03:00 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 1 Jun 1999 08:00:14 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id LAA33600; Tue, 1 Jun 1999 11:30:33 GMT
Received: from xaymaca.uwimona.edu.jm by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id HAA33588; Tue, 1 Jun 1999 07:30:20 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from minotaur.uwimona.edu.jm (minotaur.uwimona.edu.jm [196.3.0.2])
	by xaymaca.uwimona.edu.jm (8.9.0/8.9.0) with SMTP id IAA08898;
	Tue, 1 Jun 1999 08:27:14 -0400 (GMT+4:00)
Received: from localhost by minotaur.uwimona.edu.jm (4.1/SMI-4.1)
	id AA17990; Tue, 1 Jun 99 06:33:27-050
Date: Tue, 1 Jun 1999 06:33:26 -0500 (GMT-0500)
From: Jeremy Woodley <woodley@uwimona.edu.jm>
To: anya salih <anya@emu.usyd.edu.au>
Cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: coelenterate sensory systems
In-Reply-To: <v01510104b3799b29b821@[129.78.149.64]>
Message-Id: <Pine.SUN.3.95.990601062155.15739B-100000@minotaur.uwimona.edu.jm>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jeremy Woodley <woodley@uwimona.edu.jm>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 336
Is it not well known that corals have a ciliated epidermis?  It creates
superficial currents used for cleaning and feeding.
On Tue, 1 Jun 1999, anya salih wrote:
> >Is anyone familiar with the anatomy of surficial microstructures
> >on polyp tentacles.  I have observed on SEM small (~1 micron) hair-like
> >structures and have seen them referred to, in a book entitled "Microbial
> >Seascapes", as a bacterial lawn.  It has been brought to my attention
> >that they curiously resemble cilliated epithelium. If anyone has seen
> >these structures or has
>
> I have seen (by light microscopy) cilia  on the epidermal layer of many
> corals. If coral tissues are mechanically broken up or chemically
> dissociated, the clumps of tissues will then rapidly rotate in seawater
> from the action of beating cilia on their surfaces. Bacteria are also
> present on the surface and can be just made out by light mircroscopy, are
> much smaller and thinner. The epidermal layer of coral larvae is also
> ciliated. I would think that the cilia increase the absorption surface
> area.
>
> Anya
>
> Anya Salih                      Internet:  anya@emu.usyd.edu.au
> Marine Physiology Lab           Telephone:02-93513006 (Zool)
> Zoology AO8                               02-93517540 (EMU)
> School of Biological Sciences   Facsimile:02-93517682
> The University of Sydney
> Sydney, 2006, AUSTRALIA
>
>
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Jun  1 10:49:31 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA27310 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 1 Jun 1999 10:49:30 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA00755; Tue, 1 Jun 1999 10:52:45 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma000734; Tue, 1 Jun 99 10:52:37 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 1 Jun 1999 10:48:36 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA34516; Tue, 1 Jun 1999 14:24:14 GMT
Received: from umigw.miami.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA31081; Tue, 1 Jun 1999 10:23:58 -0400 (EDT)
Received: (qmail 5015 invoked from network); 1 Jun 1999 14:25:07 -0000
Received: from aszmant.rsmas.miami.edu (HELO szmant.rsmas.miami.edu) (129.171.104.19)
  by umigw.miami.edu with SMTP; 1 Jun 1999 14:25:07 -0000
Message-Id: <3.0.32.19990601101349.006ff290@mail.rsmas.miami.edu>
X-Sender: szmant@mail.rsmas.miami.edu
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0 (32)
Date: Tue, 01 Jun 1999 10:13:50 -0400
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Alina Szmant <aszmant@rsmas.miami.edu>
Subject: Re: coelenterate sensory systems
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Alina Szmant <aszmant@rsmas.miami.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 337
In response to Jeremy's comment,  I hate to see coral-list degenerate to
answering basic questions that are so fundamental to basic training that
they indicate that whomever asked them hasn't bothered to do any background
reading before undertaking a research project.  Is this indicative of the
level of training of young 'scientists'  hese days?  Anyone that plans to
do research on corals should have read through Libby Hyman's works,
Chapman, and all sorts of "old" 1960's papers and chapters.   Doesn't
anyone know how to use a library anymore?
Alina Szmant
>Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
>Delivered-To: szmant@mail.rsmas.miami.edu
>Delivered-To: aszmant@rsmas.miami.edu
>Date: Tue, 1 Jun 1999 06:33:26 -0500 (GMT-0500)
>From: Jeremy Woodley <woodley@uwimona.edu.jm>
>To: anya salih <anya@emu.usyd.edu.au>
>Cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
>Subject: Re: coelenterate sensory systems
>Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
>Reply-To: Jeremy Woodley <woodley@uwimona.edu.jm>
>
>Is it not well known that corals have a ciliated epidermis?  It creates
>superficial currents used for cleaning and feeding.
>
>On Tue, 1 Jun 1999, anya salih wrote:
>
>> >Is anyone familiar with the anatomy of surficial microstructures
>> >on polyp tentacles.  I have observed on SEM small (~1 micron) hair-like
>> >structures and have seen them referred to, in a book entitled "Microbial
>> >Seascapes", as a bacterial lawn.  It has been brought to my attention
>> >that they curiously resemble cilliated epithelium. If anyone has seen
>> >these structures or has
>>
>> I have seen (by light microscopy) cilia  on the epidermal layer of many
>> corals. If coral tissues are mechanically broken up or chemically
>> dissociated, the clumps of tissues will then rapidly rotate in seawater
>> from the action of beating cilia on their surfaces. Bacteria are also
>> present on the surface and can be just made out by light mircroscopy, are
>> much smaller and thinner. The epidermal layer of coral larvae is also
>> ciliated. I would think that the cilia increase the absorption surface
>> area.
>>
>> Anya
>>
>> Anya Salih                      Internet:  anya@emu.usyd.edu.au
>> Marine Physiology Lab           Telephone:02-93513006 (Zool)
>> Zoology AO8                               02-93517540 (EMU)
>> School of Biological Sciences   Facsimile:02-93517682
>> The University of Sydney
>> Sydney, 2006, AUSTRALIA
>>
>>
>>
>
>
>
**********************************************
Dr. Alina M. Szmant
Coral Reef Research Group
RSMAS-MBF
University of Miami
4600 Rickenbacker Cswy.
Miami FL 33149
TEL: (305)361-4609
FAX: (305)361-4600 or 361-4005
E-mail:  ASZMANT@RSMAS.MIAMI.EDU
**********************************************
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Jun  1 14:09:51 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA01695 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 1 Jun 1999 14:09:50 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA18697; Tue, 1 Jun 1999 14:15:07 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma018516; Tue, 1 Jun 99 14:14:06 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 1 Jun 1999 14:11:18 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA35495; Tue, 1 Jun 1999 17:37:40 GMT
Received: from ns.psi.calva.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA35561; Tue, 1 Jun 1999 13:37:29 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from [154.15.19.48] (ip48.nanterre2.pub-ip.fr.psi.net [154.15.19.48])
	by ns.psi.calva.net (8.8.6/8.8.6) with SMTP id TAA07361
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 1 Jun 1999 19:38:32 +0200 (MET DST)
Date: Tue, 1 Jun 1999 19:38:32 +0200 (MET DST)
X-Sender: fpl10@pop.calvacom.fr
Message-Id: <v01540b00b379e2ab36dc@[154.15.19.153]>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
X-Mailer: Eudora F1.5.4
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: fpl10@calva.net (Fabrice POIRAUD-LAMBERT)
Subject: Fiji
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: fpl10@calva.net (Fabrice POIRAUD-LAMBERT)
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 338
Hi All,
I'm going to Fiji Thursday. Is there anything specific that I should visit
there (Reef, Coral Farm, Clam Farm,...) ? Someone to contact ?
Tx for any info
Regards
Fabrice POIRAUD-LAMBERT
http://mars.reefkeepers.net
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Jun  2 15:13:57 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA02967 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 2 Jun 1999 15:13:57 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA15218; Wed, 2 Jun 1999 15:17:54 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma015130; Wed, 2 Jun 99 15:17:05 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 2 Jun 1999 15:14:16 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA42898; Wed, 2 Jun 1999 18:42:26 GMT
Message-Id: <199906021842.SAA42898@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Tue, 1 Jun 1999 14:53:40 -0400 (EDT)
From: "Heidi L. Crevison" <crevison@seas.marine.usf.edu>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: coelenterate sensory systems (fwd)
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Heidi L. Crevison" <crevison@seas.marine.usf.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 339
> In response to Jeremy's comment, I hate to see coral-list degenerate to
> answering basic questions that are so fundamental to basic training that
> they indicate that whomever asked them hasn't bothered to do any
> background reading before undertaking a research project.  Is this
> indicative of the level of training of young 'scientists' hese days?
> Anyone that plans to do research on corals should have read through
> Libby Hyman's works, Chapman, and all sorts of "old" 1960's papers and
> chapters.  Doesn't anyone know how to use a library anymore?
>
> Alina Szmant
>
Regardless of whether or not graduate students can use the library, the
only stupid question is that which goes unasked.  The individuals that are
on this list are some of the best resources for those getting started in
coral reef biology.  A simple suggestion as to where to look for this
information would have sufficed.
Heidi L. Crevison
*******************************************************************************
Heidi L. Crevison
University of South Florida
Department of Marine Science
140 Seventh Ave. S
St. Petersburg, FL  33701
(813)553-1615
GO INDIANS!
**************************************************************************
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Jun  2 15:14:58 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA02993 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 2 Jun 1999 15:14:57 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA15342; Wed, 2 Jun 1999 15:18:56 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma015313; Wed, 2 Jun 99 15:18:19 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 2 Jun 1999 15:15:34 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA42938; Wed, 2 Jun 1999 18:44:27 GMT
Message-Id: <199906021844.SAA42938@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Wed, 2 Jun 1999 14:35:53 -0400 (EDT)
From: Coral Workstation at NOAA/AOML <coral@aoml.noaa.gov>
To: Coral-List <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Welcome Message
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Coral Workstation at NOAA/AOML <coral@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 340
Occasionally this Welcome Message is circulated for the benefit of those
who misplaced it.  Cheers, JCH
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Welcome to the Coral Health and Monitoring List-Server!
        SAVE THIS MESSAGE!  It has important information on subscribing
and unsubscribing from coral-list.
	The purpose of the Coral Health and Monitoring list-server is to
provide a forum for Internet discussions and announcements among coral
health researchers pertaining to coral reef health and monitoring
throughout the world.  The list is primarily for use by coral health
researchers and scientists.  Currently, about 1100 researchers are
subscribed to the list.  Appropriate subjects for discussion might
include:
	o  bleaching events
	o  outbreaks of coral diseases
	o  high predation on coral reefs
	o  environmental monitoring sites
	o  incidences of coral spawnings
	o  shipwrecks on reefs
	o  international meetings and symposia
	o  funding opportunities
	o  marine sanctuary news
	o  new coral-related publications
	o  announcements of college courses in coral reef ecology
	o  coral health initiatives
	o  new and historical data availability
	o  controversial topics in coral reef ecology
	o  recent reports on coral research
        Please do NOT post messages of a purely commercial nature, e.g.,
commercial dive trips or vacations at coral reef areas.  However, if you
are a non-profit organization wishing to publicize the existence of a
product of benefit to the coral research community, please do so.
-- To Subscribe to the List --
	Since you just got this message, you are already subscribed to the
list!  However, if you wish to instruct others how to subscribe to the
list, have them send e-mail to majordomo@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, with the
following message (only!) in the body of the text:
	subscribe coral-list
-- To Un-Subscribe from the List --
	To un-subscribe from the list, send e-mail to
majordomo@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, with the following message (only!) in the
body of the text:
	unsubscribe coral-list "Your Name" <your_address@your.domain>
-- To Post a Comment or Announcement --
	To post a message to the list, simply address your comments or
announcements to coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov.  The message will be
circulated to all members of the list.  The members may respond to you
directly, or post their comments to the list for all to read.  Please DO
NOT post messages with embedded HTML commands.  One of these days all mail
readers may use this feature, but many do not still, and such a message
may come out as garbage on a non-HTML compliant mail reader.
-- Coral-List Digest --
	If you prefer not to receive coral-list messages as they are
sent, but would rather receive a weekly digest of messages, please
send your messages for subscribing and unsubscribing to
majordomo@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, as above, only use coral-list-digest as
the list you'd like to subscribe to.  For instance, if you wanted to get
off the regular list, and on to the digest list, you'd send the following
message to majordomo@coral.aoml.noaa.gov:
	unsubscribe coral-list
	subscribe coral-list-digest
	Digest messages will be sent once a week, unless the number of
messages is over 55 KB in content, in which case a new digest will be
generated.
-- Help --
	To see a list of the functions and services available from the
list-server, send an e-mail message to majordomo@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, with
the following message (only!) in the body of the text:
	help
-- Other Coral Health Related Information --
        The Coral Health and Monitoring Program (CHAMP) has a World-Wide
Web Home Page at the following URL:
        http://www.coral.noaa.gov
-- Add Your Name to the Coral Researchers Directory! --
	After you read this message, you may wish to add your name to the
Coral Researchers Directory.  To do so, send the following information to
lagoon@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, with your name (Last Name, First Name) in the
Subject: line of your message:
Name:		(How you'd like it to appear, e.g., Vice Pres. Al Gore)
Title:
Institution:	(or N/A)
Address Line 1:
Address Line 2:
Address Line 3:
City:
State or Province:
Country:
Business Phone:
Business Fax:
E-mail:
Other info:	(Add up to, say, 20 lines, if you'd like.)
-- Add Your Coral-Related Event to the Coral-List Calendar
	A calendar of coral related events has been set up
at the following URL on the Web:
	http://calendar.yahoo.com/public/coral_list
If you would like to add an event to the calendar, please send the
following information, in this format, to coral@coral.aoml.noaa.gov:
---
Date and Time (local)
Title of Event
Short Description
Email contact (if available)
Web Page info
---
Please place the words CALENDAR EVENT in the subject line.  This site is a
commercial site, but we hope to have a NOAA sponsored calendar software
soon.
-- Etiquette --
1)  When responding to a posting to the list, do not respond
	*back* to the entire list unless you feel it is an
	answer everyone can benefit from.  I think this is
	usually the case, but responses such as, "Yeah, tell
	me, too!" to the entire list will make you unpopular
	in a hurry.  Double-check your "To: " line before
	sending.
2) Do not "flame" (i.e., scold) colleagues via the coral-list.  If
	you feel compelled to chastise someone, please send them
	mail directly and flame away.
3) Please conduct as much preliminary research into a topic
	as possible before posting a query to the list. (In
	other words, you shouldn't expect others to do your
	research for you.) Please consider:
	o  Your librarian (an extremely valuable resource)
	o  The CHAMP Literature Abstracts area at the CHAMP Web:
	o  The CHAMP Online Researcher's Directory
		(i.e., search for your topic, ask the
		experts directly)
	o  The CHAMP (and other) Web sites' links page(s)
  But please *do* avail yourself of the list when you've exhausted
	other sources.
4)  Please carefully consider the purpose of the coral-list
	before posting a message.  This is a forum comprised
	primarily of researchers who devote major portions
	of their work time to the study of corals or
	coral-related issues.
5)  Succinct postings are greatly appreciated by all.
-- Problems --
	If you have any problems concerning the list, please feel free to
drop a line to:  hendee@aoml.noaa.gov.
	We hope you enjoy the list!
	Sincerely yours,
	Jim Hendee
	Louis Florit
	Philippe Dubosq
        Ocean Chemistry Division
        Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory
        National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
        4301 Rickenbacker Causeway
        Miami, FL  33149-1026
        USA
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Jun  2 15:15:59 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA03014 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 2 Jun 1999 15:15:59 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA15484; Wed, 2 Jun 1999 15:19:57 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma015367; Wed, 2 Jun 99 15:19:08 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 2 Jun 1999 15:15:50 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA42959; Wed, 2 Jun 1999 18:42:00 GMT
Message-Id: <199906021842.SAA42959@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Tue, 01 Jun 1999 16:06:33 -0400
From: Thomas Potts <pottst@uncwil.edu>
Subject: NURC/UNCW Announcement of Research Opportunities
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Thomas Potts <pottst@uncwil.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 341
The National Undersea Research Center at the University of North Carolina
at Wilmington is soliciting proposals for undersea research in the
southeast U.S. and Gulf of Mexico in 2000.  Regional research priorities
are as follows, but projects aren't limited to these areas:
Sustain Healthy Coasts
=B7 Describe hypoxia associated with the Mississippi River plume
(especially within the "dead zone"), including its relationship to
natural and anthropogenic activities and its affect on living resources.
=B7 Assess and monitor reef communities, especially those in the Grays'
Reef, Florida Keys, and Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuaries
and around offshore platforms, and determine their role in sustaining
ecosystem productivity.
=B7 Establish research and innovative monitoring programs in marine
reserves (Tortugas, Florida Middle Grounds, and Oculina research
reserves) and other protected areas in the Florida Keys National Marine
Sanctuary to help distinguish natural system variability versus change
caused by "no-take" management strategies.
Assess and Predict Global Environmental Change
=B7 Determine impacts of global climate changes on marine communities and
biodiversity, and identify potential indicator species or assemblages
for this purpose.
Building Sustainable Fisheries
=B7 Examine waters and substrates necessary for fish spawning, feeding or
growth to maturity. Specifically, studies that describe and identify
Essential Fish Habitat (EFH), identify adverse impacts to EFH
(pollution, nutrient runoff, and coastal development), and identify
actions to conserve and enhance EFH.
=B7 Fisheries oceanography and recruitment processes: Examine economically
valuable fisheries (including highly migratory species) including fate
of eggs, larvae, and post-settlement juveniles.
  =B7 Research to document the significance of spawning events (especially
corals and fish aggregations) within the Gray's Reef, Florida Keys, and
Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuaries.
  =B7 Identification of factors that affect recruitment of conch, lobster,
and corals within the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary; including,
limits to spawning, reproductive behavior, larval supply, habitat
limitation, post-settlement processes, and sources of recruits.
Please see http://www.uncwil.edu/nurc or contact Tom Potts
(pottst@uncwil.edu) for more information on available undersea systems
and technology, award conditions, and deadlines.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Jun  2 16:20:52 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA05059 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 2 Jun 1999 16:20:51 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA23526; Wed, 2 Jun 1999 16:26:09 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma023508; Wed, 2 Jun 99 16:25:52 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 2 Jun 1999 16:23:07 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA43619; Wed, 2 Jun 1999 20:10:38 GMT
Received: from wcs.winmarconsulting.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA43532; Wed, 2 Jun 1999 16:10:17 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by 163.61.winmar.hypercon.com with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
	id <KVQKDZGQ>; Wed, 2 Jun 1999 15:09:20 -0500
Message-Id: <9187DAFC4EB1D21196B50008C733ED9104C8E0@163.61.winmar.hypercon.com>
From: James Wiseman <james@winmarconsulting.com>
To: "'coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov'" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: RE: ARTIFICIAL REEF
Date: Wed, 2 Jun 1999 15:09:19 -0500
MIME-Version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: James Wiseman <james@winmarconsulting.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 342
Sjujono,
I would strongly recommend against using rubber tires for artificial reef
construction.
>From a purely technical standpoint, tire reefs have proven to be very
unstable, moving around in storms.  Keeping them all attached to each other
is also very difficult.  The actual placement of the tires is also very
difficult.
I will leave it to the rest of coral-list to explain the biological reasons
against using rubber tires for reef creation.
Cheers
James Wiseman
Winmar Consulting Services
Houston TX
-----Original Message-----
From: sjujono [mailto:arsjujono@pbaru.wasantara.net.id]
Sent: Saturday, May 29, 1999 2:05 PM
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov <mailto:coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: ARTIFICIAL REEF
I NEED YOUR SUGGEST
WE GONNA MAKE ARTIFICIAL REEF WITH TYRE IN RUPAT ISLAND
HAVE ANY EFFECT WITH THAT MATERIAL???
THANK
GOGOT FEBRYANTO
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Jun  2 16:23:54 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA05099 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 2 Jun 1999 16:23:54 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA23805; Wed, 2 Jun 1999 16:29:12 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma023769; Wed, 2 Jun 99 16:29:03 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 2 Jun 1999 16:26:19 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA43530; Wed, 2 Jun 1999 20:03:24 GMT
Received: from kgsserver.kgs.ukans.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA43527; Wed, 2 Jun 1999 16:03:06 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from kgs.ukans.edu ([129.237.141.86]) by kgsserver.kgs.ukans.edu
          (Netscape Messaging Server 3.5)  with ESMTP id 359;
          Wed, 2 Jun 1999 15:05:28 -0500
Message-Id: <3755901F.D5568369@kgs.ukans.edu>
Date: Wed, 02 Jun 1999 14:12:19 -0600
From: "Bob Buddemeier" <buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.6 (Macintosh; I; PPC)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: "Heidi L. Crevison" <crevison@seas.marine.usf.edu>
CC: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: coelenterate sensory systems (fwd)
References: <199906021842.SAA42898@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Bob Buddemeier" <buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 343
I think a few points have been missed:
1.  "a simple suggestion as to where to look" would have been a reward
and encouragement for behavior that at least some of us consider
professionally inappropriate.
2.  I may be a resource, but I am neither infinite nor unprioritized,
and therefore not available on demand.
3. Those of us fortunate enough to have been educated before the onset
of intellectual relativism and the deification of self-esteem can
actually identify quite a few ways in which questions can be stupid
without being unasked.
4.  I usually opt for the delete button over curmudgeonly response, but
I share Alina's concern about the cluttering and degeneration of the
list server.
Bob Buddemeier
"Heidi L. Crevison" wrote:
>
> > In response to Jeremy's comment, I hate to see coral-list degenerate to
> > answering basic questions that are so fundamental to basic training that
> > they indicate that whomever asked them hasn't bothered to do any
> > background reading before undertaking a research project.  Is this
> > indicative of the level of training of young 'scientists' hese days?
> > Anyone that plans to do research on corals should have read through
> > Libby Hyman's works, Chapman, and all sorts of "old" 1960's papers and
> > chapters.  Doesn't anyone know how to use a library anymore?
> >
> > Alina Szmant
> >
>
> Regardless of whether or not graduate students can use the library, the
> only stupid question is that which goes unasked.  The individuals that are
> on this list are some of the best resources for those getting started in
> coral reef biology.  A simple suggestion as to where to look for this
> information would have sufficed.
>
> Heidi L. Crevison
> *******************************************************************************
> Heidi L. Crevison
> University of South Florida
> Department of Marine Science
> 140 Seventh Ave. S
> St. Petersburg, FL  33701
> (813)553-1615
>
> GO INDIANS!
> **************************************************************************
--
Dr. Robert W. Buddemeier
Senior Scientist, Geohydrology
Kansas Geological Survey
University of Kansas
1930 Constant Ave.
Lawrence, KS 66047
ph (785) 864-3965
fax (785) 864-5317
buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu
http://ghsun2.kgs.ukans.edu/staff/buddemeier.html
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Jun  2 16:41:07 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA05383 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 2 Jun 1999 16:41:06 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA25158; Wed, 2 Jun 1999 16:46:25 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma025107; Wed, 2 Jun 99 16:45:39 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 2 Jun 1999 16:42:56 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA43634; Wed, 2 Jun 1999 20:19:56 GMT
Received: from mail.caribe.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA43621; Wed, 2 Jun 1999 16:19:39 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from default (ppp139.201dip.netdial.caribe.net [209.91.201.139])
	by mail.caribe.net (8.9.0/8.9.0) with ESMTP id QAA24212;
	Wed, 2 Jun 1999 16:19:46 -0400 (AST)
Message-Id: <199906022019.QAA24212@mail.caribe.net>
From: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
To: "ReefKeeper" <reefkeeper@reefkeeper.org>,
        "Michael Nemeth" <Michaelnemeth@hotmail.com>,
        "eco-isla" <eco-isla@earthsystems.org>,
        "Coral-List" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Who trapped who?
Date: Wed, 2 Jun 1999 16:16:23 -0400
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Priority: 3
X-Mailer: Microsoft Internet Mail 4.70.1155
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
  boundary="----=_NextPart_000_01BEAD13.41F965C0"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 344
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_01BEAD13.41F965C0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: Quoted-Printable
=09CORALations recently wrote an email to the list and a letter to Caribbea=
n
Fishery Management Council [CFMC] in support of ReefKeeper International's
resolution to phase out the use of fish traps in the Caribbean. For the
first time we received documents from this organization in advance of
meetings. Normally we receive the announcement 2 weeks after local
ReefKeeper meetings are held. The documents included 1) the announcement of=
where and when CFMC meetings were being held to discuss the phase out of
reef traps (CFMC's adgenda), and 2) ReefKeeper's phase out resolution and
petition.
 =09Today we received in the mail another document from ReefKeeper. This
document was clearly meant for mailing prior to the CFMC meetings one month=
ago, and was entitled: Help Phase Out Fish Traps and Protect Scuba
Spearfishing! It begins by announcing the CFMC meetings: " CFMC is seeking
public input to determine the best ways to reduce the total number of fish
caught as well as the number of unwanted fish caught. Options being
considered include a ten year phase out of wire mesh fish traps,
elimination of spearfishing and lobstering using scuba and the elimination
of gill nets".
 =09As an ocean conservation org based in Puerto Rico we recognize all of t=
he
above practices as contributing to the decimation of fish populations and
commend CFMC for opening discussions on the issue. ReefKeeper publication
asks, and I quote:
=09 "So who does more harm to fisheries and the environment - fish trappers=
or scuba spearfishers?...[and answers]...the answer is obvious - fish traps=
destroy habitat and kill thousands of juvenile and tropical fish every
year."
=09The document continues: "There will be fish trappers present at the
meeting that will blame scuba spearfishers for some harmful impacts to the
reef fish and lobster fisheries. The trappers will blame scuba spearfishers=
as a way to distract from the subject of fish trap shortcomings."
=09We are concerned  that after extending our support (albeit with major
qualifications) for the first documents ReefKeeper sent to us, which
sounded like a reasonable proposal to phase out traps...we receive this
document...one month later that attaches what appears to be some kind of
non conservation minded agenda geared at appealing to recreational spear
fishermen.
=09Because of the support we previously gave to ReefKeeper on this list, we=
are writing to reiterate that CORALations strongly feels solutions to
overfishing will have to come in large part from compliance of the
fishermen. This may mean compliance to stricter fishing regs or by
supporting the establishment of Marine Fishery Reserve areas, the latter
being easier to enforce. Education and compliance are hard objectives to
meet with the confrontational agenda of opposing the commercial trap
fishing while endorsing other fishing practices which may also be argued as=
unsustainable. CORALations recognizes that recreational and commercial
spears are taking a toll on reefs in Puerto Rico. The larger fish targeted
are the most reproductive. We have been with a scientists who photographed
small reef fish being taken and discarded by spears in one study area.  We
have personally witnessed spear fishermen target everything, including sea
fans when fish aren=92t there.
=09We recognize that this list was not created to vent frustrations with
other orgs. Since we already sent the message to the list backing the trap
phase out in support of ReefKeeper's proposal, we felt it important to
clarify our stand on these issues to the other orgs and scientists who may
have received the document from ReefKeeper with the attached spearfishing
agenda.=20
CORALations in no way endorses one form of unsustainable fishing practice
over another, especially in Puerto Rico where reef fish populations are so
compromised. We would not endorse any policy which alienates the local
commercial fishermen who have direct economic incentive and should be an
integral part of creating management plans to protect marine fish
populations.  =20
Mary Ann Lucking
CORALations
Amapola 14, Suite 901
Isla Verde, PR  00979
corals@caribe
------=_NextPart_000_01BEAD13.41F965C0
Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: Quoted-Printable
<html><head></head><BODY bgcolor=3D"#FFFFFF"><p><font size=3D2 color=3D"#00=
0000" face=3D"Arial">&#009;CORALations recently wrote an email to the list =
and a letter to Caribbean Fishery Management Council [CFMC] in support of R=
eefKeeper International's resolution to phase out the use of fish traps in =
the Caribbean. For the first time we received documents from this organizat=
ion in advance of meetings. Normally we receive the announcement 2 weeks af=
ter local ReefKeeper meetings are held. The documents included 1) the annou=
ncement of where and when CFMC meetings were being held to discuss the phas=
e out of reef traps (CFMC's adgenda), and 2) ReefKeeper's phase out resolut=
ion and petition.<br> &#009;Today we received in the mail another document =
from ReefKeeper. This document was clearly meant for mailing prior to the C=
FMC meetings one month ago, and was entitled: <b>Help Phase Out Fish Traps =
and Protect Scuba Spearfishing! </b>It begins by announcing the CFMC meetin=
gs: &quot; CFMC is seeking public input to determine the best ways to reduc=
e the total number of fish caught as well as the number of unwanted fish ca=
ught. Options being considered include a ten year phase out of wire mesh fi=
sh traps, elimination of spearfishing and lobstering using scuba and the el=
imination of gill nets&quot;.<br> &#009;As an ocean conservation org based =
in Puerto Rico we recognize all of the above practices as contributing to t=
he decimation of fish populations and commend CFMC for opening discussions =
on the issue. ReefKeeper publication asks, and I quote:<br>&#009; &quot;So =
who does more harm to fisheries and the environment - fish trappers or scub=
a spearfishers?...[and answers]...the answer is obvious - fish traps destro=
y habitat and kill thousands of juvenile and tropical fish every year.&quot=
;<br>&#009;The document continues: &quot;There will be fish trappers presen=
t at the meeting that will blame scuba spearfishers for some harmful impact=
s to the reef fish and lobster fisheries. The trappers will blame scuba spe=
arfishers as a way to distract from the subject of fish trap shortcomings.&=
quot;<br>&#009;We are concerned &nbsp;that after extending our support (alb=
eit with major qualifications) for the first documents ReefKeeper sent to u=
s, which sounded like a reasonable proposal to phase out traps...we receive=
 this document...one month later that attaches what appears to be some kind=
 of non conservation minded agenda geared at appealing to recreational spea=
r fishermen.<br>&#009;Because of the support we previously gave to ReefKeep=
er on this list, we are writing to reiterate that CORALations strongly feel=
s solutions to overfishing will have to come in large part from compliance =
of the fishermen. This may mean compliance to stricter fishing regs or by s=
upporting the establishment of Marine Fishery Reserve areas, the latter bei=
ng easier to enforce. Education and compliance are hard objectives to meet =
with the confrontational agenda of opposing the commercial trap fishing whi=
le endorsing other fishing practices which may also be argued as unsustaina=
ble. CORALations recognizes that recreational and commercial spears are tak=
ing a toll on reefs in Puerto Rico. The larger fish targeted are the most r=
eproductive. We have been with a scientists who photographed small reef fis=
h being taken and discarded by spears in one study area. &nbsp;We have pers=
onally witnessed spear fishermen target everything, including sea fans when=
 fish aren=92t there.<br>&#009;We recognize that this list was not created =
to vent frustrations with other orgs. Since we already sent the message to =
the list backing the trap phase out in support of ReefKeeper's proposal, we=
 felt it important to clarify our stand on these issues to the other orgs a=
nd scientists who may have received the document from ReefKeeper with the a=
ttached spearfishing agenda. <br><b>CORALations in no way endorses one form=
 of unsustainable fishing practice over another, especially in Puerto Rico =
where reef fish populations are so compromised. We would not endorse any po=
licy which alienates the local commercial fishermen who have direct economi=
c incentive and should be an integral part of creating management plans to =
protect marine fish populations. </b>&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>Mary Ann Lucking<br>CO=
RALations<br>Amapola 14, Suite 901<br>Isla Verde, PR &nbsp;00979<br>corals@=
caribe</p>
</font></body></html>
------=_NextPart_000_01BEAD13.41F965C0--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Jun  2 17:48:08 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA06512 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 2 Jun 1999 17:48:07 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA29032; Wed, 2 Jun 1999 17:51:22 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma029015; Wed, 2 Jun 99 17:51:03 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 2 Jun 1999 17:48:20 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA43259; Wed, 2 Jun 1999 21:20:17 GMT
Received: from umigw.miami.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA40613; Wed, 2 Jun 1999 17:20:00 -0400 (EDT)
Received: (qmail 1946 invoked from network); 2 Jun 1999 21:21:09 -0000
Received: from aszmant.rsmas.miami.edu (HELO szmant.rsmas.miami.edu) (129.171.104.19)
  by umigw.miami.edu with SMTP; 2 Jun 1999 21:21:09 -0000
Message-Id: <3.0.32.19990602170950.006ed49c@mail.rsmas.miami.edu>
X-Sender: szmant@mail.rsmas.miami.edu
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0 (32)
Date: Wed, 02 Jun 1999 17:09:50 -0400
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Alina Szmant <aszmant@rsmas.miami.edu>
Subject: Who trapped who?
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Alina Szmant <aszmant@rsmas.miami.edu>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/enriched; charset="us-ascii"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: Quoted-Printable
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 345
I'd like to support CORALations' stand that spear-fishing is no better
for coral reef fish communities than trapping, and in places, and in fact
for certain species is MUCH worse.  A specific example would be the
groupers, where a small number of spear fishers (commercial as well as
recreational) go in and wipe out a local population within a few days.=20
In my opinion, there 'ain't no such thing as sustainable fishing'  on
coral reefs,  at least not at anywhere near the levels that present day
users would be agreeable to abide by for the desirable species that
humans like to eat. =20
Alina Szmant
<excerpt>Return-Path: =20
Delivered-To: szmant@mail.rsmas.miami.edu=20
Delivered-To: aszmant@rsmas.miami.edu=20
From: "CORALations" =20
To: "ReefKeeper" ,=20
        "Michael Nemeth" ,=20
        "eco-isla" ,=20
        "Coral-List" =20
Subject: Who trapped who?=20
Date: Wed, 2 Jun 1999 16:16:23 -0400=20
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal=20
Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov=20
Reply-To: "CORALations" =20
<bigger>CORALations recently wrote an email to the list and a letter to
Caribbean Fishery Management Council [CFMC] in support of ReefKeeper
International's resolution to phase out the use of fish traps in the
Caribbean. For the first time we received documents from this
organization in advance of meetings. Normally we receive the announcement
2 weeks after local ReefKeeper meetings are held. The documents included
1) the announcement of where and when CFMC meetings were being held to
discuss the phase out of reef traps (CFMC's adgenda), and 2) ReefKeeper's
phase out resolution and petition.
 Today we received in the mail another document from ReefKeeper. This
document was clearly meant for mailing prior to the CFMC meetings one
month ago, and was entitled: <bold>Help Phase Out Fish Traps and Protect
Scuba Spearfishing! </bold>It begins by announcing the CFMC meetings: "
CFMC is seeking public input to determine the best ways to reduce the
total number of fish caught as well as the number of unwanted fish
caught. Options being considered include a ten year phase out of wire
mesh fish traps, elimination of spearfishing and lobstering using scuba
and the elimination of gill nets".
 As an ocean conservation org based in Puerto Rico we recognize all of
the above practices as contributing to the decimation of fish populations
and commend CFMC for opening discussions on the issue. ReefKeeper
publication asks, and I quote:
 "So who does more harm to fisheries and the environment - fish trappers
or scuba spearfishers?...[and answers]...the answer is obvious - fish
traps destroy habitat and kill thousands of juvenile and tropical fish
every year."
The document continues: "There will be fish trappers present at the
meeting that will blame scuba spearfishers for some harmful impacts to
the reef fish and lobster fisheries. The trappers will blame scuba
spearfishers as a way to distract from the subject of fish trap
shortcomings."
We are concerned  that after extending our support (albeit with major
qualifications) for the first documents ReefKeeper sent to us, which
sounded like a reasonable proposal to phase out traps...we receive this
document...one month later that attaches what appears to be some kind of
non conservation minded agenda geared at appealing to recreational spear
fishermen.
Because of the support we previously gave to ReefKeeper on this list, we
are writing to reiterate that CORALations strongly feels solutions to
overfishing will have to come in large part from compliance of the
fishermen. This may mean compliance to stricter fishing regs or by
supporting the establishment of Marine Fishery Reserve areas, the latter
being easier to enforce. Education and compliance are hard objectives to
meet with the confrontational agenda of opposing the commercial trap
fishing while endorsing other fishing practices which may also be argued
as unsustainable. CORALations recognizes that recreational and commercial
spears are taking a toll on reefs in Puerto Rico. The larger fish
targeted are the most reproductive. We have been with a scientists who
photographed small reef fish being taken and discarded by spears in one
study area.  We have personally witnessed spear fishermen target
everything, including sea fans when fish aren=92t there.
We recognize that this list was not created to vent frustrations with
other orgs. Since we already sent the message to the list backing the
trap phase out in support of ReefKeeper's proposal, we felt it important
to clarify our stand on these issues to the other orgs and scientists who
may have received the document from ReefKeeper with the attached
spearfishing agenda.=20
<bold>CORALations in no way endorses one form of unsustainable fishing
practice over another, especially in Puerto Rico where reef fish
populations are so compromised. We would not endorse any policy which
alienates the local commercial fishermen who have direct economic
incentive and should be an integral part of creating management plans to
protect marine fish populations. </bold> =20
Mary Ann Lucking
CORALations
Amapola 14, Suite 901
Isla Verde, PR  00979
corals@caribe=20
</bigger></excerpt>
**********************************************
Dr. Alina M. Szmant
Coral Reef Research Group
RSMAS-MBF
University of Miami
4600 Rickenbacker Cswy.
Miami FL 33149
TEL: (305)361-4609
FAX: (305)361-4600 or 361-4005
E-mail:  ASZMANT@RSMAS.MIAMI.EDU
**********************************************
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Jun  3 03:45:15 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id DAA12009 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 3 Jun 1999 03:45:14 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id DAA14545; Thu, 3 Jun 1999 03:50:34 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma014527; Thu, 3 Jun 99 03:50:01 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 3 Jun 1999 03:47:16 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id HAA46419; Thu, 3 Jun 1999 07:10:38 GMT
Received: from sv10.batelco.com.bh by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id DAA46696; Thu, 3 Jun 1999 03:10:17 -0400 (EDT)
From: rogeru@batelco.com.bh
Received: from [193.188.113.245] by sv10.batelco.com.bh
          (Post.Office MTA v3.5.3 release 223
          ID# 589-54461U20000L20000S0V35) with SMTP id bh
          for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>;
          Thu, 3 Jun 1999 10:10:02 +0300
X-Sender: rogeru@batelco.com.bh
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Light Version 1.5.2
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: RE: ARTIFICIAL REEF
Date: Thu, 3 Jun 1999 10:10:02 +0300
Message-Id: <19990603071002.AAE8189@sv10.batelco.com.bh@[193.188.113.245]>
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: rogeru@batelco.com.bh
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 346
>Sjujono,
>I would strongly recommend against using rubber tires for artificial reef
construction.  From a purely technical standpoint, tire reefs have proven to
be very
>unstable, moving around in storms.  Keeping them all attached to each other
is also very difficult.  The actual placement of the tires is also very
difficult.
>
>Cheers
>James Wiseman
>Winmar Consulting Services
>Houston TX
>
Hi there:
We have a slightly different view of tires here in Bahrain. We do not have
hurricanes or typhoons to move tire reefs.  Depending on your local
conditions, tires may or may not be appropriate.  Are there any practical
alternative uses for tires?  Do you have strong storms and water currents?
We have had tires in the water since 1982.  We fill each tire with a few
shovels of cement (for additional wieght).  We string tires (20-40 tires)
together using 22 mm rope (like a strand of pearls).  Make sure that the
rope has slack through the tires.  This allows some tires to lay flat when
deployed, and provide a base for other tires to lean against.
This configuration makes deployment quick.  Just pick up each rope with
tires at the preparation site using a crane.  On the barge, use a crane to
dump in the water.
Hope that this helps.
Cheers,
Roger
K. Roger Uwate, Ph.D.
Advisor
Directorate of Fisheries
P.O. Box 20071
Bahrain
phone:  (973) 729-595
fax:    (973) 728-459
email:  rogeru@batelco.com.bh
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Jun  3 11:23:29 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA22272 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 3 Jun 1999 11:23:28 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA07735; Thu, 3 Jun 1999 11:27:26 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma007688; Thu, 3 Jun 99 11:26:44 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 3 Jun 1999 11:23:57 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA45899; Thu, 3 Jun 1999 14:51:22 GMT
Received: from ns1.fisheries.org by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA49241; Thu, 3 Jun 1999 10:51:03 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from host.fisheries.org by ns1.fisheries.org (NTMail 3.02.04) id va097105; Thu, 3 Jun 1999 14:55:41 +0000
Message-Id: <2.2.32.19990603145313.00678368@mail.fisheries.org>
X-Sender: fisheries@mail.fisheries.org
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 2.2 (32)
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Date: Thu, 03 Jun 1999 10:53:13 -0400
To: FISH-SCI-REQUEST@segate.sunet.se, ACN-L@acn.ca, coastnet@uriacc.uri.edu,
        coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, marmam@uvvm.uvic.ca,
        FWIM-L@listserv.vt.edu, ECOLOG-L@umdd.umd.edu
From: American Fisheries Society <fisheries@fisheries.org>
Subject: AFS APPOINTS NEW EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: American Fisheries Society <fisheries@fisheries.org>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 347
AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY APPOINTS NEW EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
Bethesda, Md.--Ghassan ("Gus") Rassam, a recognized leader in the online
publishing and nonprofit association communities, has been appointed the
fifth executive director of the American Fisheries Society (AFS). As such,
Rassam will head the world's largest and oldest organization of fisheries
professionals at a time when the Society is launching a five-year strategic
plan that focuses on fisheries and aquatic stewardship, professional
development, and a greatly expanded communications program.
	"Gus is skilled and experienced in working with diverse audiences, which
will be a great asset as he represents AFS with professional organizations,
public agencies, and citizen conservation groups," said Society President
Robert Carline.
	Rassam comes to the Society via the Optical Society of America, a
professional society devoted to the fields of fiber optics and laser
technology. There, in addition to functioning as a chief executive for a
period, he served as director of publications as well as program and
international development. His development of the organization's electronic
journal publication, book publishing and marketing programs brought him wide
recognition in the science publishing community.
        Rassam trained in the geosciences, earning a master's degree at
Miami University (Ohio) and a Ph.D at the University of Minnesota. He has
been a Fulbright scholar and did graduate study at the Sorbonne University
in Paris. In addition to his tenure at the Optical Society, his professional
experience includes several decades of work as a petroleum geologist,
database developer, teacher, director of marketing and information services,
and assistant director of publications. Rassam also has shared his expertise
with numerous government and professional entities. He chaired the
Commission on Geological Documentation of the International Union of
Geological Sciences and served on the executive board of the International
Council for Scientific and Technical Information. He also was president of
the Association of Earth Science Editors and served as a member of the
governing board and executive committee of the American Institute of
Physics. ###
Formed in 1870, the American Fisheries Society has more than 9,000 members
in 73 countries.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Jun  3 12:38:36 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA23868 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 3 Jun 1999 12:38:35 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA16058; Thu, 3 Jun 1999 12:41:51 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma015967; Thu, 3 Jun 99 12:40:49 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 3 Jun 1999 12:38:06 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA49318; Thu, 3 Jun 1999 16:16:36 GMT
Received: from daffodil.csv.warwick.ac.uk by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA46609; Thu, 3 Jun 1999 12:16:13 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from pansy.csv.warwick.ac.uk (root@pansy [137.205.192.19])
	by daffodil.csv.warwick.ac.uk (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id RAA06425
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 3 Jun 1999 17:17:15 +0100 (BST)
Received: from dna.bio.warwick.ac.uk (rna [137.205.152.50])
	by pansy.csv.warwick.ac.uk (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id RAA14397
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 3 Jun 1999 17:17:13 +0100 (BST)
Message-Id: <199906031617.RAA14397@pansy.csv.warwick.ac.uk>
Received: from DNA/SpoolDir by dna.bio.warwick.ac.uk (Mercury 1.40);
    3 Jun 99 17:17:39 +0100
Received: from SpoolDir by DNA (Mercury 1.40); 3 Jun 99 17:17:13 +0100
From: "Charles Sheppard" <sh@dna.bio.warwick.ac.uk>
Organization: Biol. Sciences Univ. of Warwick
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Date: Thu, 3 Jun 1999 17:17:11 +0000 (GMT)
Priority: normal
X-mailer: Pegasus Mail for Win32 (v3.01a)
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Charles Sheppard" <sh@dna.bio.warwick.ac.uk>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 348
You may be interested in the article, just out:
Hodgson, G. 1999.  A global assessment of human effects on coral reefs.
Marine Pollution Bulletin 38:345-355
which is a summary of recent 'Reef Check' work.
Reprints will be obtainable from the author at: Inst. Environment and
Sustainable Development, The Hong Kong University of Science and
Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, (not from the editor or publisher
please!)
Best wishes
Charles Sheppard
Dept Biological Sciences
University of Warwick
Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
fax: 44 1203 524619
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Jun  3 13:24:37 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA24894 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 3 Jun 1999 13:24:36 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA20558; Thu, 3 Jun 1999 13:28:34 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma020407; Thu, 3 Jun 99 13:27:50 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 3 Jun 1999 13:24:54 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA50457; Thu, 3 Jun 1999 17:05:39 GMT
Message-Id: <199906031705.RAA50457@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Thu, 3 Jun 1999 12:39:07 -0400 (EDT)
From: "NOAA's CHAMP" <coral@aoml.noaa.gov>
To: coral-list <coral@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Coral Reef Videoconference #1
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "NOAA's CHAMP" <coral@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status: A
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 349
Greetings, Fellow Coral-Listers!
	Have you ever wanted to meet that person on the other side of the
globe who always asks those interesting questions or comes up with that
great insight during discussions on coral-list?  Or maybe you have always
been impressed at the wisdom or wit of a particular colleague whom you
have never met, and would like to meet, or maybe just see what they look
like!  Or maybe you'd just like to converse and meet with those colleagues
who are primarily interested in your particular plight to save the reefs
near your island.  This may be your chance!  Videoconferencing has become
more affordable and is beginning to spread in popularity.  In fact some
videoconferencing software is freeware (see below).  Also, you can
conference without the video or the audio, i.e., just conduct online chat
sessions or work on documents (even using commercial software on your
end).
	With this message we are calling for a "get acquainted"
videoconference so that those of you who are interested can "chat" and get
to know one another over the Internet.  This is an opportunity to foster
greater communications among coral reef researchers and to facilitate
real-time collaboration (through "whiteboarding") on projects and
documents.  Although this first meeting is designed to get acquainted with
other researchers and the technology, we anticipate that future
collaborations may spring from this for the purpose of regional
discussions or specialty topics (e.g., the Pacific Basin, spawning,
diseases, pollution, etc.).  Drop us a line at coral@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
if you are interested in attending this conference.  If there is little
interest, or if nothing further develops, well, at least you'll know the
technology for your own use later on (i.e., save this message!).  If a LOT
of interest develops, I'll set up a separate listserver, coral-vc, for
communications on this topic alone, so as not to compromise the usual
coral-list discussions.
	 Here are some links and facts to help you get you started on
learning the technology before the Conference:
Resource for downloading CU-SeeMe v1.0 (developed by Cornell University)
freeware, a lot of information, and an evaluation on whether to use
version 3.1.2 or 4.0 (v3.1.2 and earlier versions work for the Macintosh,
as well as Windows):
	http://www.cu-seeme.net
Home of White Pine Software, the people who sell the commercial version of
CU-SeeMe (lots of good information, and good prices)::
	http://www.wpine.com
MicroSoft Netmeeting (freeware, Windows only)::
	http://www.microsoft.com/netmeeting
And of course you can always do a search on your browser to find out more.
	By the way, please note that depending upon all kinds of things,
including your connection to the Internet, the quality and settings of
your camera, microphone and speaker, you may not get a good connection.
It takes a little time to learn this stuff, but it is easy to get started.
You may not get the video or audio right the first time, but you can still
"chat" by typing to a common screen online.
	Since setting up the "reflectors" for videoconferencing is
expensive, we will meet at a public reflector to start off.  If greater
interest is generated, we will seek funding to support a reflector with
greater capacity and specialty topic conference IDs.  Tentatively, our
meeting place (reflector) will be physiol.indstate.edu (Indiana State
University) on June 23, 1999, off and on, from 1200 hrs GMT to 1800 hrs
GMT.  If these times are not convenient, let us know.  There are three
conferences at that site: #1 is General, #2 is Modem Users, and #3 is for
high speed users (T1, etc.).  Conference ID 4 is a self-reflector so you
can see what you look like remotely.  If that reflector is not available,
try these instead:  reflector.edi.gatech.edu (Georgia Institute of
Technology) or kingfisher.cms.shu.ac.uk (Sheffield Hallam University).
For specialty topics, we may meet under special multicast conferencing or
point-to-point arrangements in which a reflector is not necessary (drop us
a line if you're interested in specialty groups, point-to-point, etc.).
Your feedback is most welcome.
	See you there!
	Cheers,
	Jim Hendee & Your NOAA Coral Colleagues
	NOAA's Coral Health and Monitoring Program
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Jun  4 16:38:05 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA23479 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 4 Jun 1999 16:38:04 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA14986; Fri, 4 Jun 1999 16:41:18 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma014962; Fri, 4 Jun 99 16:41:11 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 4 Jun 1999 16:38:28 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA07174; Fri, 4 Jun 1999 20:00:22 GMT
Received: from genserver1.cssciencectr.org by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA07178; Fri, 4 Jun 1999 16:00:12 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by GENSERVER1 with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
	id <K6WZ7TF8>; Fri, 4 Jun 1999 13:03:33 -0700
Message-Id: <430B1492F8BDD111B03E080009EC8A4A4AE9F8@GENSERVER1>
From: Jonathan Lowrie <jlowrie@cscmail.org>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Seeking protocol for cyanide testing of fish
Date: Fri, 4 Jun 1999 13:03:26 -0700
MIME-Version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----_=_NextPart_001_01BEAEC5.51E5AF30"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jonathan Lowrie <jlowrie@cscmail.org>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 350
This message is in MIME format. Since your mail reader does not understand
this format, some or all of this message may not be legible.
------_=_NextPart_001_01BEAEC5.51E5AF30
Content-Type: text/plain
Dear Colleagues:
I am seeking out an easy to use protocol for testing reef fish for cyanide
use. Some of the ornamental aquarium trade exports from FIJI would like to
utilize cyanide testing as a means to ensure their stock is ecologically
collected, and they need a protocol that will provide a positive or negative
for the presence of cyanide in fishes.
Ideally, this would be a simple test, that can be used in the field.
However, a more complex protocol could be taught, so any information would
be appreciated.
Thank you.
Jonathan
Jonathan Lowrie
Aquarist Supervisor
California Science Center
Tel: 213 744-2612
Fax: 213 744-2547
------_=_NextPart_001_01BEAEC5.51E5AF30
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META HTTP-EQUIV=3D"Content-Type" CONTENT=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Dus-ascii">
<META NAME=3D"Generator" CONTENT=3D"MS Exchange Server version =
5.5.2448.0">
<TITLE>Seeking protocol for cyanide testing of fish</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<P><FONT FACE=3D"Arial">Dear Colleagues:</FONT>
</P>
<P><FONT FACE=3D"Arial">I am seeking out an easy to use protocol for =
testing reef fish for cyanide use. Some of the ornamental aquarium =
trade exports from FIJI would like to utilize cyanide testing as a =
means to ensure their stock is ecologically collected, and they need a =
protocol that will provide a positive or negative for the presence of =
cyanide in fishes.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT FACE=3D"Arial">Ideally, this would be a simple test, that can =
be used in the field. However, a more complex protocol could be taught, =
so any information would be appreciated.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT FACE=3D"Arial">Thank you.</FONT>
</P>
<P><FONT FACE=3D"Arial">Jonathan</FONT>
</P>
<P><B><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Tahoma">Jonathan Lowrie</FONT></B>
<BR><B><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Tahoma">Aquarist Supervisor</FONT></B>
<BR><I><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Tahoma">California Science =
Center</FONT></I>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D1 FACE=3D"Tahoma">Tel: 213 744-2612</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D1 FACE=3D"Tahoma">Fax: 213 744-2547</FONT>
</P>
</BODY>
</HTML>
------_=_NextPart_001_01BEAEC5.51E5AF30--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Jun  4 17:32:35 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA24591 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 4 Jun 1999 17:32:34 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA17467; Fri, 4 Jun 1999 17:37:53 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma017444; Fri, 4 Jun 99 17:37:39 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 4 Jun 1999 17:34:57 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA07446; Fri, 4 Jun 1999 21:01:45 GMT
Received: from relay4.hawaii.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA07462; Fri, 4 Jun 1999 17:01:34 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from uhunix1.its.hawaii.edu ([128.171.44.6]) by relay4.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <373546(1)>; Fri, 4 Jun 1999 11:02:41 -1000
Received: from localhost by uhunix1.its.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <135693(1)>; Fri, 4 Jun 1999 11:02:41 -1000
Date: 	Fri, 4 Jun 1999 11:02:38 -1000
From: "J. Charles Delbeek" <delbeek@hawaii.edu>
X-Sender: delbeek@uhunix1
To: Jonathan Lowrie <jlowrie@cscmail.org>
cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Seeking protocol for cyanide testing of fish
In-Reply-To: <430B1492F8BDD111B03E080009EC8A4A4AE9F8@GENSERVER1>
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.10.9906041100520.23877-100000@uhunix1>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "J. Charles Delbeek" <delbeek@hawaii.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 351
On Fri, 4 Jun 1999, Jonathan Lowrie wrote:
> I am seeking out an easy to use protocol for testing reef fish for cyanide
> use. Some of the ornamental aquarium trade exports from FIJI would like to
> utilize cyanide testing as a means to ensure their stock is ecologically
> collected, and they need a protocol that will provide a positive or negative
> for the presence of cyanide in fishes.
>
> Ideally, this would be a simple test, that can be used in the field.
> However, a more complex protocol could be taught, so any information would
> be appreciated.
Jonathan: As you probably know, the International MarineLife Association,
in conjunction with the Haribon Foundation in the Philippines have
developed and are using a cyanide detection test already, I would suggest
you contact them. Also the USFWS will be exploring the use of such a test
as well soon.
 J. Charles Delbeek M.Sc.
Aquarium Biologist
Waikiki Aquarium
University of Hawaii
"The fact that my physiology differs from yours pleases me to no end."
Mr. Spock
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Jun  4 18:39:13 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id SAA25483 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 4 Jun 1999 18:39:12 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA20603; Fri, 4 Jun 1999 18:44:31 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma020582; Fri, 4 Jun 99 18:44:06 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 4 Jun 1999 18:41:25 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id WAA07757; Fri, 4 Jun 1999 22:07:09 GMT
Received: from hulkhovis.rdc.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id SAA07743; Fri, 4 Jun 1999 18:06:59 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from ogp.noaa.gov (quickmail.ogp.noaa.gov [140.90.171.10])
	by hulkhovis.rdc.noaa.gov (8.9.1a/8.9.1) with SMTP id SAA26257;
	Fri, 4 Jun 1999 18:07:51 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <n1283602818.16283@ogp.noaa.gov>
Date: 4 Jun 1999 18:03:55 U
From: "Mark Eakin" <Mark.Eakin@noaa.gov>
Subject: Re: ARTIFICIAL REEF
To: "Recipients of coral-list" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>,
        "sjujono" <arsjujono@pbaru.wasantara.net.id>
X-Mailer: Mail*Link SMTP-QM 4.1.0
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII"; Name="Message Body"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Mark Eakin" <eakin@ogp.noaa.gov>
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id SAA25483
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 352
                           Subject:                         Time:   5:04 PM
                           RE>ARTIFICIAL REEF               Date:   6/4/99
I second the response that tires are an extremely poor material to use in
areas prone to hurricanes, typhoons, cyclones or any other storms that can
generate high waves.  We spent weeks picking up tires off the bottom and off
beaches after a weak (category 1 or 2) hurricane passed well to the east of a
tire reef in Florida.  Despite the fact that the hurricane did not hit the
reef, it scattered tires over a wide area.  To this day there are tires stuck
in rock groins and under ledges.
Cheers,
Mark
--------------------------------------
Date: 5/29/99 3:45 PM
To: Mark Eakin
From: sjujono
I NEED YOUR SUGGEST
WE GONNA MAKE ARTIFICIAL REEF WITH <underline>TYRE </underline>IN RUPAT
ISLAND
HAVE ANY EFFECT WITH THAT MATERIAL???
THANK
GOGOT FEBRYANTO
------------------ RFC822 Header Follows ------------------
Received: by ogp.noaa.gov with ADMIN;29 May 1999 15:44:33 U
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA15256; Sat, 29 May 1999 19:00:12 GMT
Received: from mailgate.wasantara.net.id by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP
(980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA15134; Sat, 29 May 1999 14:59:55
-0400 (EDT)
Received: from pbaru.wasantara.net.id (pbaru.wasantara.net.id
[202.159.84.163])
	by mailgate.wasantara.net.id (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id CAA29296
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 30 May 1999 02:21:13 +0700 (JAVT)
Received: from PBARU/SpoolDir by pbaru.wasantara.net.id (Mercury 1.40);
    30 May 99 02:00:26 +0700
Received: from SpoolDir by PBARU (Mercury 1.40); 30 May 99 02:00:11 +0700
Received: from arsjujono (202.159.84.181) by pbaru.wasantara.net.id (Mercury
1.40);
    30 May 99 02:00:05 +0700
Message-Id: <3.0.32.19990530020443.006851e4@pbaru.wasantara.net.id>
X-Sender: arsjujono@pbaru.wasantara.net.id (Unverified)
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0 (32)
Date: Sun, 30 May 1999 02:04:44 +0700
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: sjujono <arsjujono@pbaru.wasantara.net.id>
Subject: ARTIFICIAL REEF
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/enriched; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: sjujono <arsjujono@pbaru.wasantara.net.id>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Jun  5 04:53:35 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id EAA00493 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 5 Jun 1999 04:53:32 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id EAA05862; Sat, 5 Jun 1999 04:57:31 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma005850; Sat, 5 Jun 99 04:56:38 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 5 Jun 1999 04:53:51 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id IAA10368; Sat, 5 Jun 1999 08:23:10 GMT
Received: from mongkok.pacific.net.hk by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id EAA10328; Sat, 5 Jun 1999 04:23:02 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from kwaifong.pacific.net.hk (kwaifong.pacific.net.hk [202.14.67.7])
        by mongkok.pacific.net.hk with ESMTP
        id QAA15986; Sat, 5 Jun 1999 16:24:01 +0800 (HKT)
Received: from hk.super.net (sqz327.ust.hk [143.89.85.227])
        by kwaifong.pacific.net.hk with ESMTP
	id QAA03290; Sat, 5 Jun 1999 16:24:00 +0800 (HKT)
Message-Id: <3758E0F3.29AB701@hk.super.net>
Date: Sat, 05 Jun 1999 16:33:55 +0800
From: Gregor Hodgson <gregorh@hk.super.net>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.6 [en] (Win95; I)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Jonathan Lowrie <jlowrie@cscmail.org>
CC: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, Reinhard Renneberg <chrenneb@ust.hk>
Subject: Re: Seeking protocol for cyanide testing of fish
References: <430B1492F8BDD111B03E080009EC8A4A4AE9F8@GENSERVER1>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Gregor Hodgson <gregorh@hk.super.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 353
Jonathan,
A colleague here at HKUST, Dr. Reinhard Renneberg <chrenneb@ust.hk> of
the Chemistry Dept, is a specialist in sensor design and has several on
the market. He and a grad student have been working on an inexpensive
and ultra sensitive cyanide detector that is portable, very rapid,  and
can detect the thiocyanate that cyanide is metabolized into in tissue.
He is looking for funding to complete the system.
Current cyanide testing systems typically require a wet lab set up, are
slow and are so insensitive that cyanide, which is quickly washed out of
fish in seawater and metabolized, is often not detectable even hours
after exposure.
Please contact Dr. Renneberg for further details.
Regards,
Greg
Jonathan Lowrie wrote:
>
>
> Dear Colleagues:
>
> I am seeking out an easy to use protocol for testing reef fish for
> cyanide use. Some of the ornamental aquarium trade exports from FIJI
> would like to utilize cyanide testing as a means to ensure their stock
> is ecologically collected, and they need a protocol that will provide
> a positive or negative for the presence of cyanide in fishes.
>
> Ideally, this would be a simple test, that can be used in the field.
> However, a more complex protocol could be taught, so any information
> would be appreciated.
>
> Thank you.
>
> Jonathan
>
> Jonathan Lowrie
> Aquarist Supervisor
> California Science Center
> Tel: 213 744-2612
> Fax: 213 744-2547
--
Gregor Hodgson, PhD
Coordinator, Reef Check Global Survey Program
GPO Box 12375, Hong Kong
Tel: 852-2358-0317
Fax: 852-2887-5454
Email: gregorh@hk.super.net
Web: www.ReefCheck.org
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Jun  5 12:38:00 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA03859 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 5 Jun 1999 12:37:58 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA13560; Sat, 5 Jun 1999 12:43:18 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma013536; Sat, 5 Jun 99 12:42:49 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 5 Jun 1999 12:40:07 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA12866; Sat, 5 Jun 1999 16:26:44 GMT
Date: Sat, 5 Jun 1999 16:26:44 GMT
Message-Id: <199906051626.QAA12866@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: Aqua-Fact <aquafact@iol.ie>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Impact of explosives on coral fish
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Aqua-Fact <aquafact@iol.ie>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 354
Dear All,
I sent a message a few weeks ago looking for information on the assessment
of the use of exposives on reef fish and I was surprised not to get any
replies. I thought that someonemay have addressed this topic - can anyone
shed light on this topic?
Regards,
Brendan.
Aqua-Fact International Services Ltd.,
12 Kilkerrin Park,
Liosbaun,
Tuam Rd,
Galway.
IRELAND
Tel.             353-91-756812/3
Fax.            353-91-756888
email           aquafact@iol.ie
website        http://www.iol.ie/aquafact/
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Jun  5 20:41:39 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id UAA08146 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 5 Jun 1999 20:41:38 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA22459; Sat, 5 Jun 1999 20:46:58 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma022447; Sat, 5 Jun 99 20:46:38 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 5 Jun 1999 20:43:56 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id AAA14887; Sun, 6 Jun 1999 00:14:59 GMT
Received: from ic.si.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id UAA14880; Sat, 5 Jun 1999 20:14:53 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from SIWP01-Message_Server by ic.si.edu
	with Novell_GroupWise; Sat, 05 Jun 1999 20:13:38 -0400
Message-Id: <s75984f2.098@ic.si.edu>
X-Mailer: Novell GroupWise 5.2
Date: Sat, 05 Jun 1999 19:15:21 -0400
From: "Brice Quenoville" <quenovib@naos.si.edu>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re Impact of explosives on coral fish
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-Disposition: inline
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Brice Quenoville" <quenovib@naos.si.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 355
Hi,
I've been on the list for bit more that 1 year, and I guess I'd not
be far from the truth if I say that questions about the impact of
explosives on fish and about adequate materials for artificial reef
have been already asked and fully replied at least 5 times each.
Personnaly I don't mind to see these questions showing up again and
again as I'm not a specialist and thus I don't reply, but specialists
may be tired to reply and this would explain the 0 answer about
explosives. Check out the following which is part of the coral list
welcome message.
3) Please conduct as much preliminary research into a topic
	as possible before posting a query to the list. (In
	other words, you shouldn't expect others to do your
	research for you.) Please consider:
	o  Your librarian (an extremely valuable resource)
	o  The CHAMP Literature Abstracts area at the CHAMP Web:
	o  The CHAMP Online Researcher's Directory
		(i.e., search for your topic, ask the
		experts directly)
	o  The CHAMP (and other) Web sites' links page(s)
  But please *do* avail yourself of the list when you've exhausted
	other sources.
The Coral-list as well as the FISH-SCI list archives have certainly
all what you're looking for.
Happy search, no hard feelings, I was just killing time between two
experiments and I try to stop smoking!
Brice
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Jun  5 20:41:39 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id UAA08146 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 5 Jun 1999 20:41:38 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA22459; Sat, 5 Jun 1999 20:46:58 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma022447; Sat, 5 Jun 99 20:46:38 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 5 Jun 1999 20:43:56 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id AAA14887; Sun, 6 Jun 1999 00:14:59 GMT
Received: from ic.si.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id UAA14880; Sat, 5 Jun 1999 20:14:53 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from SIWP01-Message_Server by ic.si.edu
	with Novell_GroupWise; Sat, 05 Jun 1999 20:13:38 -0400
Message-Id: <s75984f2.098@ic.si.edu>
X-Mailer: Novell GroupWise 5.2
Date: Sat, 05 Jun 1999 19:15:21 -0400
From: "Brice Quenoville" <quenovib@naos.si.edu>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re Impact of explosives on coral fish
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-Disposition: inline
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Brice Quenoville" <quenovib@naos.si.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 356
Hi,
I've been on the list for bit more that 1 year, and I guess I'd not
be far from the truth if I say that questions about the impact of
explosives on fish and about adequate materials for artificial reef
have been already asked and fully replied at least 5 times each.
Personnaly I don't mind to see these questions showing up again and
again as I'm not a specialist and thus I don't reply, but specialists
may be tired to reply and this would explain the 0 answer about
explosives. Check out the following which is part of the coral list
welcome message.
3) Please conduct as much preliminary research into a topic
	as possible before posting a query to the list. (In
	other words, you shouldn't expect others to do your
	research for you.) Please consider:
	o  Your librarian (an extremely valuable resource)
	o  The CHAMP Literature Abstracts area at the CHAMP Web:
	o  The CHAMP Online Researcher's Directory
		(i.e., search for your topic, ask the
		experts directly)
	o  The CHAMP (and other) Web sites' links page(s)
  But please *do* avail yourself of the list when you've exhausted
	other sources.
The Coral-list as well as the FISH-SCI list archives have certainly
all what you're looking for.
Happy search, no hard feelings, I was just killing time between two
experiments and I try to stop smoking!
Brice
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Jun  7 03:46:03 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id DAA21445 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 7 Jun 1999 03:46:02 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id DAA26027; Mon, 7 Jun 1999 03:51:24 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma026015; Mon, 7 Jun 99 03:50:58 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 7 Jun 1999 03:48:16 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id HAA22964; Mon, 7 Jun 1999 07:20:05 GMT
Received: from mail.rdc2.occa.home.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id DAA22984; Mon, 7 Jun 1999 03:19:58 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from home.com ([24.5.143.54]) by mail.rdc2.occa.home.com
          (InterMail v4.01.01.00 201-229-111) with ESMTP
          id <19990607072107.VSK22117.mail.rdc2.occa.home.com@home.com>;
          Mon, 7 Jun 1999 00:21:07 -0700
Message-Id: <375B71B6.7B2628BC@home.com>
Date: Mon, 07 Jun 1999 00:16:06 -0700
From: Jason Guffy <jguffy@home.com>
Organization: @Home Network
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en]C-AtHome0405  (Win98; U)
X-Accept-Language: en
To: Alina Szmant <aszmant@rsmas.miami.edu>
CC: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Who trapped who?
References: <3.0.32.19990602170950.006ed49c@mail.rsmas.miami.edu>
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jason Guffy <jguffy@home.com>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from Quoted-Printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id DAA21445
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 357
Of course recreational spear fishing and commercial net fishing is
harmful.  I am wondering about the effects of  fishing for ornimental
fish and coral?
Alina Szmant wrote:
>
> I'd like to support CORALations' stand that spear-fishing is no better for coral reef fish communities than trapping, and in places, and in fact for certain species is MUCH worse. A specific example would be the groupers, where a small number of spear fishers (commercial as well as recreational) go in and wipe out a local population within a few days. In my opinion, there 'ain't no such thing as sustainable fishing' on coral reefs, at least not at anywhere near the levels that present day users would be agreeable to abide by for the desirable species that humans like to eat.
>
> Alina Szmant
>
>      Return-Path:
>      Delivered-To: szmant@mail.rsmas.miami.edu
>      Delivered-To: aszmant@rsmas.miami.edu
>      From: "CORALations"
>      To: "ReefKeeper" ,
>      "Michael Nemeth" ,
>      "eco-isla" ,
>      "Coral-List"
>      Subject: Who trapped who?
>      Date: Wed, 2 Jun 1999 16:16:23 -0400
>      X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
>      Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
>      Reply-To: "CORALations"
>
>      CORALations recently wrote an email to the list and a letter to Caribbean Fishery Management Council [CFMC] in support of ReefKeeper International's resolution to phase out the use of fish traps in the Caribbean. For the first time we received documents from this organization in advance of meetings. Normally we receive the announcement 2 weeks after local ReefKeeper meetings are held. The documents included 1) the announcement of where and when CFMC meetings were being held to discuss the phase out of reef traps (CFMC's adgenda), and 2) ReefKeeper's phase out resolution and petition.
>      Today we received in the mail another document from ReefKeeper. This document was clearly meant for mailing prior to the CFMC meetings one month ago, and was entitled: Help Phase Out Fish Traps and Protect Scuba Spearfishing! It begins by announcing the CFMC meetings: " CFMC is seeking public input to determine the best ways to reduce the total number of fish caught as well as the number of unwanted fish caught. Options being considered include a ten year phase out of wire mesh fish traps, elimination of spearfishing and lobstering using scuba and the elimination of gill nets".
>      As an ocean conservation org based in Puerto Rico we recognize all of the above practices as contributing to the decimation of fish populations and commend CFMC for opening discussions on the issue. ReefKeeper publication asks, and I quote:
>      "So who does more harm to fisheries and the environment - fish trappers or scuba spearfishers?...[and answers]...the answer is obvious - fish traps destroy habitat and kill thousands of juvenile and tropical fish every year."
>      The document continues: "There will be fish trappers present at the meeting that will blame scuba spearfishers for some harmful impacts to the reef fish and lobster fisheries. The trappers will blame scuba spearfishers as a way to distract from the subject of fish trap shortcomings."
>      We are concerned that after extending our support (albeit with major qualifications) for the first documents ReefKeeper sent to us, which sounded like a reasonable proposal to phase out traps...we receive this document...one month later that attaches what appears to be some kind of non conservation minded agenda geared at appealing to recreational spear fishermen.
>      Because of the support we previously gave to ReefKeeper on this list, we are writing to reiterate that CORALations strongly feels solutions to overfishing will have to come in large part from compliance of the fishermen. This may mean compliance to stricter fishing regs or by supporting the establishment of Marine Fishery Reserve areas, the latter being easier to enforce. Education and compliance are hard objectives to meet with the confrontational agenda of opposing the commercial trap fishing while endorsing other fishing practices which may also be argued as unsustainable. CORALations recognizes that recreational and commercial spears are taking a toll on reefs in Puerto Rico. The larger fish targeted are the most reproductive. We have been with a scientists who photographed small reef fish being taken and discarded by spears in one study area. We have personally witnessed spear fishermen target everything, including sea fans when fish arent there.
>      We recognize that this list was not created to vent frustrations with other orgs. Since we already sent the message to the list backing the trap phase out in support of ReefKeeper's proposal, we felt it important to clarify our stand on these issues to the other orgs and scientists who may have received the document from ReefKeeper with the attached spearfishing agenda.
>      CORALations in no way endorses one form of unsustainable fishing practice over another, especially in Puerto Rico where reef fish populations are so compromised. We would not endorse any policy which alienates the local commercial fishermen who have direct economic incentive and should be an integral part of creating management plans to protect marine fish populations.
>      Mary Ann Lucking
>      CORALations
>      Amapola 14, Suite 901
>      Isla Verde, PR 00979
>      corals@caribe
>
> **********************************************
> Dr. Alina M. Szmant
> Coral Reef Research Group
> RSMAS-MBF
> University of Miami
> 4600 Rickenbacker Cswy.
> Miami FL 33149
>
> TEL: (305)361-4609
> FAX: (305)361-4600 or 361-4005
> E-mail: ASZMANT@RSMAS.MIAMI.EDU
> **********************************************
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Jun  7 04:17:13 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id EAA21633 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 7 Jun 1999 04:17:10 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id EAA26467; Mon, 7 Jun 1999 04:22:34 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma026455; Mon, 7 Jun 99 04:22:07 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 7 Jun 1999 04:19:24 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id HAA23144; Mon, 7 Jun 1999 07:55:52 GMT
Received: from mail.rdc2.occa.home.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id DAA23064; Mon, 7 Jun 1999 03:55:46 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from home.com ([24.5.143.54]) by mail.rdc2.occa.home.com
          (InterMail v4.01.01.00 201-229-111) with ESMTP
          id <19990607075656.ZNO22117.mail.rdc2.occa.home.com@home.com>;
          Mon, 7 Jun 1999 00:56:56 -0700
Message-Id: <375B7A1B.74F4D94C@home.com>
Date: Mon, 07 Jun 1999 00:51:55 -0700
From: Jason Guffy <jguffy@home.com>
Organization: @Home Network
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en]C-AtHome0405  (Win98; U)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Mark Eakin <eakin@ogp.noaa.gov>
CC: Recipients of coral-list <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>,
        sjujono <arsjujono@pbaru.wasantara.net.id>
Subject: Re: ARTIFICIAL REEF
References: <n1283602818.16283@ogp.noaa.gov>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jason Guffy <jguffy@home.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 358
If you are putting the tyres into the water to establish artificial
reefs then you are introducing garbage into the environment so if during
a hurricane they are scatered around why does it matter?  Rocks I assume
also are scattered during Hurricanes.  Tyres getting scattered on the
beach during a hurricane seems not to be so bad either, since it not the
only waste on the beach it just adds to the cleanup.
To me useing Tyres as Artificial reefs is silly.  its just an underwater
dump sight for humane waste with a pinch of reason.
Jason Guffy
Mark Eakin wrote:
>
>                            Subject:                         Time:   5:04 PM
>                            RE>ARTIFICIAL REEF               Date:   6/4/99
>
> I second the response that tires are an extremely poor material to use in
> areas prone to hurricanes, typhoons, cyclones or any other storms that can
> generate high waves.  We spent weeks picking up tires off the bottom and off
> beaches after a weak (category 1 or 2) hurricane passed well to the east of a
> tire reef in Florida.  Despite the fact that the hurricane did not hit the
> reef, it scattered tires over a wide area.  To this day there are tires stuck
> in rock groins and under ledges.
>
> Cheers,
> Mark
>
> --------------------------------------
> Date: 5/29/99 3:45 PM
> To: Mark Eakin
> From: sjujono
> I NEED YOUR SUGGEST
>
> WE GONNA MAKE ARTIFICIAL REEF WITH <underline>TYRE </underline>IN RUPAT
> ISLAND
>
> HAVE ANY EFFECT WITH THAT MATERIAL???
>
> THANK
>
> GOGOT FEBRYANTO
>
> ------------------ RFC822 Header Follows ------------------
> Received: by ogp.noaa.gov with ADMIN;29 May 1999 15:44:33 U
> Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
>         for coral-list-outgoing id TAA15256; Sat, 29 May 1999 19:00:12 GMT
> Received: from mailgate.wasantara.net.id by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP
> (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
>         for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA15134; Sat, 29 May 1999 14:59:55
> -0400 (EDT)
> Received: from pbaru.wasantara.net.id (pbaru.wasantara.net.id
> [202.159.84.163])
>         by mailgate.wasantara.net.id (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id CAA29296
>         for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 30 May 1999 02:21:13 +0700 (JAVT)
> Received: from PBARU/SpoolDir by pbaru.wasantara.net.id (Mercury 1.40);
>     30 May 99 02:00:26 +0700
> Received: from SpoolDir by PBARU (Mercury 1.40); 30 May 99 02:00:11 +0700
> Received: from arsjujono (202.159.84.181) by pbaru.wasantara.net.id (Mercury
> 1.40);
>     30 May 99 02:00:05 +0700
> Message-Id: <3.0.32.19990530020443.006851e4@pbaru.wasantara.net.id>
> X-Sender: arsjujono@pbaru.wasantara.net.id (Unverified)
> X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0 (32)
> Date: Sun, 30 May 1999 02:04:44 +0700
> To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
> From: sjujono <arsjujono@pbaru.wasantara.net.id>
> Subject: ARTIFICIAL REEF
> Mime-Version: 1.0
> Content-Type: text/enriched; charset="us-ascii"
> Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
> Precedence: bulk
> Reply-To: sjujono <arsjujono@pbaru.wasantara.net.id>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Jun  7 12:40:06 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA05530 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 7 Jun 1999 12:40:05 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA03464; Mon, 7 Jun 1999 12:44:06 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma003411; Mon, 7 Jun 99 12:43:28 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 7 Jun 1999 12:40:25 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA25803; Mon, 7 Jun 1999 16:21:00 GMT
Date: Mon, 7 Jun 1999 16:21:00 GMT
Message-Id: <199906071621.QAA25803@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: Mark van der Riesigtiegel <riesigtiegel@hotmail.com>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Looking for a particular device
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Mark van der Riesigtiegel <riesigtiegel@hotmail.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 359
    Dear Coral-Listers,
	I'm looking for a device which consists of a receiver that must be
capable of detecting and storing the linear distance to a (acoustic or
radio) signal transmitter placed within a 20-30 m range with an accuracy
of aprox. 1 cm. Logged data must be exportable in some PC's compatible
format. The transmitter's signal must be produced by a human operator an
not automatically as some telemetry apparatus do. It's probably
unnecessary to say that the whole stuff must be waterproof for it will be
employed in marine experiments.
        I have visited lots of telemetry and marine acoustic devices sites
but the systems I've found are either too sophisticated (and expensive) or
do not suit my purposes. Could anybody help me?
Best wishes.
Mark.
______________________________________________________
Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Jun  7 12:43:10 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA05628 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 7 Jun 1999 12:43:09 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA03756; Mon, 7 Jun 1999 12:47:09 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma003677; Mon, 7 Jun 99 12:46:13 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 7 Jun 1999 12:42:34 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA25783; Mon, 7 Jun 1999 16:22:38 GMT
Message-Id: <199906071622.QAA25783@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: "Precht, Bill" <Bprecht@pbsj.com>
Cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: RE: With regard to recent flames on the list.
Date: Mon, 7 Jun 1999 09:09:09 -0500
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Precht, Bill" <Bprecht@pbsj.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 360
Dear Coral List:
Besides the coral list...I am also on an Everglades Restoration list that
is sponsored/managed by the Sierra Club.  The header that goes out on many
of the messages reads...
Collegiality and Courtesy are the magic words to success for this list.
Lets learn something from our terrestrial counterparts.
These lists are very powerful tools for sharing information... even
healthy scientific debate....lets not ruin the wonderful service that Jim
Hendee and NOAA.AOML provide for all of us.
Cheers,
Bill
William F. Precht
EcoSciences Program Manager
PBS&J
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Jun  7 12:44:48 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA05684 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 7 Jun 1999 12:44:48 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA03996; Mon, 7 Jun 1999 12:50:11 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma003964; Mon, 7 Jun 99 12:49:20 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 7 Jun 1999 12:46:23 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA25868; Mon, 7 Jun 1999 16:21:37 GMT
Date: Mon, 7 Jun 1999 16:21:37 GMT
Message-Id: <199906071621.QAA25868@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: coral-list administrator <jch@aoml.noaa.gov>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: archived messages
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: coral-list administrator <jch@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 361
Dear Coral-Listers,
	If you want to search for subjects that may have been covered
under previous coral-list discussions, please see the archived
coral-list discussions on the CHAMP Web Page at www.coral.noaa.gov.
We do not have a search engine, but if you click on each year's file, you
can use the Edit/Find function on your browser to search for key words,
such as "cyanide" or "spawning".
	Hope this helps.
	Cheers,
	jch
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Jun  8 16:12:18 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA06741 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 8 Jun 1999 16:12:14 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA23855; Tue, 8 Jun 1999 16:16:12 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma023802; Tue, 8 Jun 99 16:15:43 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 8 Jun 1999 08:39:25 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA31190; Tue, 8 Jun 1999 12:07:08 GMT
Received: from kmf.gu.se by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id IAA31168; Tue, 8 Jun 1999 08:06:58 -0400 (EDT)
From: U.Lindahl@kmf.gu.se
Received: from ulfl (130.241.161.13) by kmf.gu.se
 with SMTP (Eudora Internet Mail Server 1.3.1); Tue, 8 Jun 1999 14:23:14 +0200
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Date: Tue, 8 Jun 1999 14:06:05 +0000
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT
Subject: References on coral dehydration
X-Confirm-Reading-To: U.Lindahl@kmf.gu.se
X-pmrqc: 1
Priority: normal
X-mailer: Pegasus Mail for Win32 (v3.01a)
Message-Id: <1283270702-151853836@kmf.gu.se>
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: U.Lindahl@kmf.gu.se
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 362
Dear coral listers,
I would appreciate references on the effects of coral
dehydration.
I am studying the effects of dehydration of corals during
transport, and I have found surprisingly few articles on
this subject. I am aware of some of the work done at
Waikiki Aquarium and other studies published in
international journals, however I hope to find more
interesting stuff in the "grey literature".
Thanks
Ulf Lindahl
Kristineberg Marine Research Station
450 34 Fiskebackskil
Sweden
Tel. +46 523 18518
Fax  +46 523 18502
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Jun  8 23:18:23 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id XAA15874 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 8 Jun 1999 23:18:23 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id XAA19564; Tue, 8 Jun 1999 23:21:40 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma019551; Tue, 8 Jun 99 23:21:24 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 8 Jun 1999 23:18:24 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id CAA35475; Wed, 9 Jun 1999 02:41:00 GMT
Received: from oriole.itc.nps.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id WAA35459; Tue, 8 Jun 1999 22:40:54 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from ccmail.itd.nps.gov (ccmail.itd.nps.gov [165.83.216.134])
	by oriole.itc.nps.gov (8.8.7/8.8.7) with SMTP id WAA08826
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 8 Jun 1999 22:46:21 -0400
Received: from ccMail by ccmail.itd.nps.gov
  (IMA Internet Exchange 2.12 Enterprise) id 0026D342; Tue, 8 Jun 1999 22:39:44 -0400
Mime-Version: 1.0
Date: Tue, 8 Jun 1999 14:29:19 -0400
Message-Id: <0026D342.1235@ccmail.itd.nps.gov>
From: Peter_Craig@ccmail.itd.nps.gov (Peter Craig)
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Coral reef overfishing in Am. Samoa
Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="IMA.Boundary.489598829"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Peter_Craig@ccmail.itd.nps.gov (Peter Craig)
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 363
--IMA.Boundary.489598829
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Description: cc:Mail note part
                American Samoa, overfishing, scuba fishing
     The attached press release from the American Samoa Coral Reef Task
     Force states that local coral reefs are seriously overfished and that
     corrective action (including banning scuba fishing) is needed now rather
     than delays for further study.  A full recovery plan should also include
     a network of protected areas, community-based management, monitoring the
     complete harvest, and better enforcement.
     Local contact: Peter Craig, National Park of American Samoa
--IMA.Boundary.489598829
Content-Type: text/basic; name="fish3.txt"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Description: MS-DOS text file
Content-Disposition: inline; filename="fish3.txt"
June 2, 1999
Coral reefs in American Samoa are overfished:  A call for action
by the American Samoa Coral Reef Task Force*
Coral reefs in American Samoa are seriously overfished and urgent action is needed to recover nearshore fish stocks.  That was the conclusion of the American Samoa Coral Reef Task Force, a panel of local agency representatives and scientists who convened on May 11-14, 1999.
The panel found that there was already ample scientific evidence to support this finding, and that delays for additional research were not warranted.  The conclusion is based on 20 studies, mostly conducted by the Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources and backed-up by research in Fagatele National Marine Sanctuary and the National Park of American Samoa.  The evidence includes (1) systematic surveys of nearshore fishery catches in the territory, (2) scientific assessments of resource abundance on local reefs, (3) 100 interviews with local fishermen and elders in 50 villages, and (4) data reviews (listed on next page).
The evidence documents that key resources, such as giant clams (faisua) and parrotfish (fuga) are clearly overfished, and there is heavy fishing pressure on surgeonfish (alogo).  We also see fewer and/or smaller groupers (gatala), snappers (mu), atule (akule) and sea turtles (I'a sa, laumei uga).  Most villagers interviewed (70%) believed that fishing had declined.
At a time when our coral habitats are finally growing back after being severely damaged by Hurricanes Val and Ofa, the scientists asked "where are the fish"?   In a manner of speaking, it's as if the house (habitat) has been repaired, but the rooms are empty.
The scientific panel identified overfishing as a key factor causing the decline.  In particular, the panel felt that the fish were not able to withstand the increased fishing pressure caused by new,
non-traditional fishing technology, specifically the underwater scuba gear used by spear fishermen in all fisheries.  The panel recommended that use of scuba gear while fishing should be prohibited in the territory, as it has been banned at other locations in the tropical Pacific and Caribbean (for example, Australia's Great Barrier Reef and French Polynesia).
The panel further emphasized that a full recovery plan for the fisheries should include the following measures:
1. A network of marine protected areas to allow fish to recover, reproduce
    and re-seed overfished areas,
2. Community-based fisheries management, whereby villages determine how
    they will manage their own catches,
3. Monitoring the complete harvest of coral reef fish and invertebrates,
4. Better enforcement of existing fisheries regulations.
We have the data -- it is now time for action to protect our coral reef resources.
The Task Force's complete resolution on overfishing follows:
Resolved:  Overfishing is a serious and urgent problem on coral reefs in American Samoa.  A major contributor to this problem is scuba fishing which should be prohibited in all territorial fisheries, as it is on Australia's Great Barrier Reef and several other tropical countries. Additionally, a full recovery plan for fisheries should include a network of marine protected areas, community-based management, monitoring of  the total harvest of coral reef resources, and better enforcement of regulations.
                   (American Samoa Coral Reef Task Force, May 14, 1999)
                  -----------------------
* The American Samoa Coral Reef Task Force consists of local agency representatives from      the Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources (DMWR), Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA), Department of Commerce (DOC),  National Park of American Samoa
(NPSA), and American Samoa Community College (ASCC).
APPENDIX 1.  Supporting data.  List of reports that document coral reef
overfishing in American Samoa and/or recommend that management action is
needed to protect coral reef resources.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. The shoreline fishery of American Samoa: a 12-year comparison. 1991. DMWR
   Biological Report Series No. 23, 51p. (B.Ponwith)
		-describes a major reduction (54%) in catches of reef fish in
             American Samoa.
2. Status of sea turtles in American Samoa in 1991. 1993. Pacific Science
   47:215-221. Also DMWR Biol. Rept. Series No.24. (N.Tuato'o-Bartley et al.)
		-describes the endangered status of sea turtles due to overharvest
             and habitat loss in territory.
3. The commercial, subsistence, and recreational fisheries of American Samoa.
   1993. Marine Fisheries Review. 55:109-116. Also DMWR Biological Report Series
   No. 44, (P.Craig, B.Ponwith, F.Aitaoto & D.Hamm)
		-describes the decline in the local subsistence fishery
4. The inshore fishery of American Samoa, 1991 to 1993. 1994. DMWR Biological
   Report Series No. 55. 35p. (S.Saucerman)
		-documents decline in the local subsistence fishery
5. Workshop to identify important fish issues in American Samoa for FY95-FY99.
   1994. DMWR Biological Report Series No. 57. 19p. (P.Craig)
		-identifies overfishing as a high priority issue for DMWR
6. Coral reef troubles in American Samoa. South Pacific Commission, Fisheries
   Newsletter. 1995. 72:33-34. Also DMWR Biological Report Series No. 66.
   (P.Craig, A.Green & S.Saucerman)
		-describes overfishing as key problem in American Samoa
7. Are tropical nearshore fisheries manageable in view of projected population
   increases? 1995. 6p. Biological Paper 1. Proceedings South Pacific
   Commission-Forum Fisheries Agency Regional Inshore Management Workshop (New
   Caledonia), June 1995. Also DMWR Biological Report Series No. 71. (P.Craig)
		- describes overfishing as key problem in American Samoa
8. Community perception of changes in coral reef fisheries in American Samoa.
   1995. 16p. Biological Paper 22. Proceed. South Pacific Commission-Forum
   Fisheries Agency Regional Inshore Management Workshop (New Caledonia), June
   1995. Also DMWR Biological Report Series No. 72. (F.Tuilagi & A.Green)
		-100 village elders and fishermen in 50 of the 64 villages on
             Tutuila and Aunu'u note declines in fish abundance: 100% of those
             interviewed felt that faisua (giant clams) were less abundant and
             70% felt that fish were less abundant.
9. Assessing the management needs of a coral reef fishery in decline. 1995. 26p.
   Biological Paper 18. Proceed of South Pacific Commission-Forum Fisheries
   Agency Regional Inshore Management Workshop (New Caledonia), June 1995. Also
   DMWR Biological Report Series No. 73. (S.Saucerman)
		-reports declines in subsistence catch
10. The inshore fishery of American Samoa, 1991-1994. 1995. DMWR Biological
    Report Series No. 77. 34p. (S.Saucerman)
		-describes continued low catches and rise of commercial scuba
             fishing where catches are sold to local markets
11. Recovery plan for U.S. Pacific populations of the green turtle (Chelonia
    mydas). 1995. US Fish & Wildlife Service & National Marine Fisheries
    Service. Pacific sea turtle recovery team. Also DMWR Biol Rept Series No.16.
   (S.Eckert, K.Eckert, G.Balazs, P.Craig, J.Richardson, & J.Maragos)
		-documents severe reduction in green sea turtle populations
12. Recovery plan for U.S. Pacific populations of the hawksbill turtle
    (Eretmochelys imbricata). 1995. US Fish & Wildlife Service & National Marine
    Fisheries Service. Pacific sea turtle recovery team. Also DMWR Biological
    Report Series No. 84. (S.Eckert et al.)
		-documents severe reduction in hawksbill sea turtles
13. Status of coral reefs of the Samoan archipelago. 1996. DMWR Biological
    Report Series. 125p. (A.Green)
		-identifies need for 'marine protected areas' in American Samoa
14. Population biology and harvest of the coral reef surgeonfish (Acanthurus
    lineatus) in American Samoa. 1997. Fishery Bulletin 95:680-693. Also DMWR
    Biological Report Series No. 86. (P.Craig, H.Choat, L.Axe & S.Saucerman)
		-heavy fishing pressure on alogo surgeonfish may be impacting
             local populations
15. The biology, community structure, growth and artisanal catch of parrotfishes
    of American Samoa. 1998. DMWR Biological Report Series. 87p. (M.Page)
		-fuga (parrotfish) in American Samoa are being overfished
16. Population size and structure of giant clams (Tridacna maxima) at Rose
    Atoll, an important refuge in the Samoan archipelago. 1999. Coral Reefs, 18:
   (in press). Also DMWR Biol. Report Series No. 85. 18p. (A.Green, P.Craig)
		-faisua (giant clams) are seriously overfished in American Samoa;
             densities are so low that reproductive success and subsequent
             recruitment may be jeopardized.
17. Fish community. 1999. In C. Birkeland (ed.) Fagatele Bay coral reef study.
    Report to NOAA, US Dept. Commerce. 225p. (A.Green)
		-discusses the low abundance of fish species that are typically
             harvested, and low abundance of large fish in general, both
             indicators of overfishing.
18. South Pacific Ocean (American Samoa), Chapter X, 1999. In Sheppard (ed.)
    Seas at the Millennium: an environmental evaluation. In press. (P.Craig,
    S.Saucerman, S.Wiegman)
		-review article that discusses the vulnerability of coral reef
             fishes to overfishing in American Samoa.
19. A preliminary survey of the coral reef resources in the Tutuila Unit of the
    National Park of American Samoa. 1998. Prepared for National Park of
    American Samoa. (A.Green)
		-detailed fish survey found few giant clams or large fish
             species(groupers, wrasses, snappers, emperors, parrotfishes, etc.)
             and fish were wary of divers, all indicators of increased fishing
             pressure.
20. An assessment of the status of the coral reef resources, and their patterns
    of use, in the U.S. Pacific Islands. Prepared for Western Pacific Regional
    Fisheries Management Council. 275p. (A.Green)
		-discusses overharvest of giant clams.
--IMA.Boundary.489598829--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Jun  9 02:46:23 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id CAA17650 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 9 Jun 1999 02:46:22 -0400 (EDT)
From: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id CAA24791; Wed, 9 Jun 1999 02:49:39 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma024767; Wed, 9 Jun 99 02:48:47 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 9 Jun 1999 02:45:54 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id GAA36353; Wed, 9 Jun 1999 06:27:30 GMT
Message-Id: <199906090627.GAA36353@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Mon, 7 Jun 1999 14:38:44 EDT
Subject: Need coral spawning dates for 2000
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Listserver Administrator <jch@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 364
If anyone knows of a list of predicted dates for coral spawning around the
world for the year 2000, or if you can provide the dates for any particular
reef and we can aggregate them, please let me know by email.
Thank you for your help!
Ellen Horne
The Coral Reef Alliance
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Jun  9 12:46:52 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA01787 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 9 Jun 1999 12:46:51 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA02683; Wed, 9 Jun 1999 12:52:19 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma002663; Wed, 9 Jun 99 12:52:15 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 9 Jun 1999 12:49:29 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA39549; Wed, 9 Jun 1999 16:09:59 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA39584; Wed, 9 Jun 1999 12:09:48 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA00192; Wed, 9 Jun 1999 12:13:37 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma000162; Wed, 9 Jun 99 12:13:26 -0400
Received: from surf.blur (surf [172.16.100.3])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with ESMTP
	  id MAA00648 for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 9 Jun 1999 12:09:23 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from localhost by surf.blur (8.8.8+Sun/SMI-SVR4)
	id MAA09427; Wed, 9 Jun 1999 12:09:23 -0400 (EDT)
Date: Wed, 9 Jun 1999 12:09:22 -0400 (EDT)
From: Jim Hendee <Jim.Hendee@noaa.gov>
X-Sender: hendee@surf
To: coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Ellen Horne's request
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.03.9906091207130.9421-100000@surf>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jim Hendee <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 365
I'm afraid the listserver software chopped off Helen Horne's email when
the message was forwarded.  Please do not send messages to coral-list
admin.  Ellen, please let us know your email address.
Jim
listserver admin
---------- Forwarded message ----------
Date: Mon, 7 Jun 1999 14:38:44 EDT
From: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Reply-To: Listserver Administrator <jch@aoml.noaa.gov>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Need coral spawning dates for 2000
If anyone knows of a list of predicted dates for coral spawning around the
world for the year 2000, or if you can provide the dates for any particular
reef and we can aggregate them, please let me know by email.
Thank you for your help!
Ellen Horne
The Coral Reef Alliance
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Jun  9 13:46:37 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA03815 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 9 Jun 1999 13:46:35 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA07513; Wed, 9 Jun 1999 13:50:36 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma007417; Wed, 9 Jun 99 13:50:12 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 9 Jun 1999 13:40:23 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA39890; Wed, 9 Jun 1999 17:21:13 GMT
Received: from crs.loc.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA39770; Wed, 9 Jun 1999 13:21:03 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from CRSMAIL-Message_Server by crs.loc.gov
	with Novell_GroupWise; Wed, 09 Jun 1999 13:22:02 -0400
Message-Id: <s75e6a7a.028@crs.loc.gov>
X-Mailer: Novell GroupWise 4.1
Date: Wed, 09 Jun 1999 13:21:51 -0400
From: Gene Buck <GBUCK@crs.loc.gov>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Puerto Rican coral reefs - a list??
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain
Content-Disposition: inline
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Gene Buck <GBUCK@crs.loc.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 366
Please address responses to this query directly to gbucl@crs.loc.gov
Colleagues:
        I have a congressional office asking for a list of coral reefs in Puerto Rico, including Vieques, identified as "national coral reefs."   I would appreciate a response from anyone who knows of and can direct me to a listing of Puerto Rican coral reefs.  Thanks in advance.
                                                        Gene Buck, senior analyst
                                                        Congressional Research Service
              gbuck@crs.loc.gov
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Jun 10 13:01:24 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA00715 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 10 Jun 1999 13:01:23 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA23485; Thu, 10 Jun 1999 13:06:51 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma023430; Thu, 10 Jun 99 13:06:14 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 10 Jun 1999 13:03:08 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA46340; Thu, 10 Jun 1999 16:18:55 GMT
Message-Id: <199906101618.QAA46340@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Thu, 10 Jun 1999 12:26:13 -0400
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: Andrew Baker <abaker@rsmas.miami.edu>
Subject: Field PC laptop
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Andrew Baker <abaker@rsmas.miami.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 367
Can anyone recommend a humidity-resistant, durable laptop PC suitable for
use in the field (humid/wet environments, bright sunlight, dirt etc.)?
I have some info on the Panasonic "Toughbook" series, but was wondering if
anyone knows of anything even more durable? Any supposed "rugged" models to
avoid?
Thanks. Please reply directly to me
Andrew
************************************
Andrew C. Baker, Ph.D.
Wildlife Conservation Society
New York Aquarium
Boardwalk at West 8th Street
Brooklyn, New York 11224, USA
Tel: (718) 265 3430
Fax: (718) 265 3420
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Jun 10 23:24:33 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id XAA13638 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 10 Jun 1999 23:24:31 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id XAA26612; Thu, 10 Jun 1999 23:30:00 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma026591; Thu, 10 Jun 99 23:29:18 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 10 Jun 1999 23:26:35 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id CAA49033; Fri, 11 Jun 1999 02:48:01 GMT
Received: from melon.eastnet.com.cn by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id WAA49092; Thu, 10 Jun 1999 22:47:37 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from hk.super.net ([202.95.0.108])
	by melon.eastnet.com.cn (8.9.0/8.9.0) with ESMTP id KAA29853
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 11 Jun 1999 10:42:17 +0800
Message-Id: <375F858C.FED1664E@hk.super.net>
Date: Thu, 10 Jun 1999 17:29:48 +0800
From: Gregor Hodgson <gregorh@hk.super.net>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.6 [en] (Win98; I)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: [Fwd: ]
Content-Type: multipart/mixed;
 boundary="------------D86048324A54FE40C2B48E05"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Gregor Hodgson <gregorh@hk.super.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 368
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
--------------D86048324A54FE40C2B48E05
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Please reply directly to the Chinese distributers.
--------------D86048324A54FE40C2B48E05
Content-Type: message/rfc822
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: inline
Return-Path: <hceis@mx.cei.gov.cn>
Received: from mongkok.pacific.net.hk ([202.14.67.46])
          by pob1.pacific.net.hk (Post.Office MTA v3.5.3 release 223
          ID# 0-60497U50000L50000S0V35) with ESMTP id hk
          for <gregorh@pob1.pacific.net.hk>; Mon, 7 Jun 1999 17:17:33 +0800
Received: from stup5.cei.gov.cn ([203.207.119.7])
        by mongkok.pacific.net.hk with ESMTP
        id RAA27319 for <gregorh@hk.super.net>; Mon, 7 Jun 1999 17:17:32 +0800 (HKT)
Received: from gjx0wzfp (pm1port28.cei.gov.cn [203.207.227.29])
	by stup5.cei.gov.cn (8.9.1a/8.9.1) with SMTP id JAA02848
	for <gregorh@hk.super.net>; Mon, 7 Jun 1999 09:29:55 GMT
Message-ID: <060901beb0c5$d40b2a60$1de3cfcb@gjx0wzfp>
From: "Yan Yuanliang" <hceis@mx.cei.gov.cn>
To: <gregorh@HK.Super.NET>
Date: Mon, 7 Jun 1999 15:46:17 +0800
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_020B_01BEB0FC.E169B140"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.3110.5
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3
X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_020B_01BEB0FC.E169B140
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="gb2312"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Dear Sir/Madam:=20
=20
We know you are an research scientist in coral research.  We think =
following 2 books may be useful to your research work. Read the details =
please and recommend to your library or contact us free . Thank you.
=20
Fauna Sinica
Coelenterata  Actiniaria, Ceriantharia Zoanthidea
*************************************************************************=
**************
Chinese edition with English abstracts(p.227-243 English)
=20
By Pei Zunan/1998/ISBN: 7-03-005123-8/288 pages +20 =
plates/Hardback/185x260mm/US$45+US$7=3DUS$52  =20
This book describes actniaria, Zoanthidea and Ceriantharia among the =
Coelenterata Anthozoa, Hexacorallia in ocean regions and coasts in =
China. A total of 16 families, 42 Genus and 109 species are described. =
In consists of the introduction and classification. In the introduction, =
it contains research history, general morphology, physiology, taxonomic =
system, geographic distribution, biology and ecology of Anemones and its =
economic importance. The classification describes the external =
morphology and internal structure of Anemones, according to order, =
family, genus and species concerning biologic characters, zoogeographic =
distribution and classification position.  Then discuss some problems =
about difficult species.=20
=20
=20
=20
Palaeontologia Sinica
Whole number 184,  New Series B , Number 31
Mesozoic and Cenozoic Scleractinian Corals From Xizang (Tibet)
*************************************************************************=
******************************************
Chinese Edition With English abstract(p.213-235) and with an =
English-Chinese glossary
=20
Edited by Liao Weihua & Xia Jinbao
1994 / ISBN: 7-03-003961-0=20
252 p.+ 68 plates / 100 figures /185x260mm=20
Paper back/US$40+$7
=20
The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau is the highest, largest and youngest one on =
earth well known to all people.=20
The Mesozoic and Early Cenozoic marine strata are well developed in =
Xizang, with very rich scleractinian corals. For a long time little was =
known about these corals from Xizang. Since 1951, a large number of =
scleractinians have been found from various localities therein. The =
scleractinian corals dealt with in this monograph were collected mainly =
by the comprehensive Scientific Expedition to the Qinghai-Tibetan =
Plateau of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. the Geological Institute of =
Xizang, the 4th Geological Team of Xizang, the Regional Geological =
Survey Team of Qinghai and the 3rd Regional Geological Survey Team of =
Sichuan. =20
The fossil scleractinians described here comprise 108 genera and 221 =
species(including some new species)
=20
How to order!=20
*************************************************************************=
*******
Mail Order,  to send order form to:
=20
Huayu Center for Environmental =20
Information Services
P.O.Box 4088,=20
Beijing 100001, P.R. China.
=20
*Fax Order:  +86-10-68575909
E-mail order: hceis@mx.cei.gov.cn
Delivery:  We shall send the book to you on receipt of the book after =
receiving your order. =20
Payment:  check, bank transfer or international post money on receipt of =
book.=20
*************************************************************************=
**********************
------=_NextPart_000_020B_01BEB0FC.E169B140
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="gb2312"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META content=3Dtext/html;charset=3Dgb2312 http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D'"MSHTML 4.72.3110.7"' name=3DGENERATOR>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Dear Sir/Madam: </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>We know you are an research =
scientist in coral=20
research.&nbsp; We think following 2 books may be useful to your =
research work.=20
Read the details please and recommend to your library or contact us free =
. Thank=20
you.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2><FONT face=3D"Arial Black"><FONT =
size=3D3>Fauna=20
Sinica</FONT></FONT></FONT><FONT size=3D3><FONT=20
face=3D"Arial Black"></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2><FONT face=3D"Arial Black"=20
size=3D3>Coelenterata&nbsp; Actiniaria, Ceriantharia=20
Zoanthidea</FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2><FONT face=3D"Arial Black" =
size=3D3></FONT><FONT=20
face=3D~{KNLe~}=20
size=3D1>****************************************************************=
***********************</FONT><BR>Chinese=20
edition with English abstracts(p.227-243 English)</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>By Pei Zunan/1998/ISBN: =
7-03-005123-8/288 pages=20
+20 plates/Hardback/185x260mm/US$45+US$7=3DUS$52&nbsp;&nbsp; <BR>This =
book=20
describes actniaria, Zoanthidea and Ceriantharia among the Coelenterata=20
Anthozoa, Hexacorallia in ocean regions and coasts in China. A total of =
16=20
families, 42 Genus and 109 species are described. In consists of the=20
introduction and classification. In the introduction, it contains =
research=20
history, general morphology, physiology, taxonomic system, geographic=20
distribution, biology and ecology of Anemones and its economic =
importance. The=20
classification describes the external morphology and internal structure =
of=20
Anemones, according to order, family, genus and species concerning =
biologic=20
characters, zoogeographic distribution and classification =
position.&nbsp; Then=20
discuss some problems about difficult species. </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2><FONT face=3D"Arial Black" =
size=3D2>Palaeontologia=20
Sinica</FONT><BR><FONT face=3D"Arial Black" size=3D2>Whole number =
184,&nbsp; New=20
Series B , Number 31</FONT><BR><FONT face=3D"Arial Black" =
size=3D3>Mesozoic and=20
Cenozoic Scleractinian Corals From Xizang (Tibet)</FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2><FONT face=3D"Arial Black" =
size=3D3></FONT><FONT=20
face=3D~{KNLe~}=20
size=3D1>****************************************************************=
***************************************************</FONT><BR>Chinese=20
Edition With English abstract(p.213-235) and with an English-Chinese=20
glossary</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Edited by Liao Weihua &amp; Xia =
Jinbao<BR>1994 /=20
ISBN: 7-03-003961-0 <BR>252 p.+ 68 plates / 100 figures /185x260mm =
<BR>Paper=20
back/US$40+$7</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau is the =
highest,=20
largest and youngest one on earth well known to all people. <BR>The =
Mesozoic and=20
Early Cenozoic marine strata are well developed in Xizang, with very =
rich=20
scleractinian corals. For a long time little was known about these =
corals from=20
Xizang. Since 1951, a large number of scleractinians have been found =
from=20
various localities therein. The scleractinian corals dealt with in this=20
monograph were collected mainly by the comprehensive Scientific =
Expedition to=20
the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. the =
Geological=20
Institute of Xizang, the 4th Geological Team of Xizang, the Regional =
Geological=20
Survey Team of Qinghai and the 3rd Regional Geological Survey Team of=20
Sichuan.&nbsp; <BR>The fossil scleractinians described here comprise 108 =
genera=20
and 221 species(including some new species)</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>How to order!=20
<BR>*********************************************************************=
***********<BR>Mail=20
Order,&nbsp; to send order form to:</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Huayu Center for Environmental&nbsp; =
<BR>Information Services<BR>P.O.Box 4088, <BR>Beijing 100001, P.R.=20
China.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>*Fax Order:&nbsp; =
+86-10-68575909<BR>E-mail=20
order: <A=20
href=3D"mailto:hceis@mx.cei.gov.cn">hceis@mx.cei.gov.cn</A><BR>Delivery:&=
nbsp; We=20
shall send the book to you on receipt of the book after receiving your=20
order.&nbsp; <BR>Payment:&nbsp; check, bank transfer or international =
post money=20
on receipt of book.=20
<BR>*********************************************************************=
**************************<BR></FONT></DIV></DIV></DIV></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_000_020B_01BEB0FC.E169B140--
--------------D86048324A54FE40C2B48E05--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Jun 11 12:26:09 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <Seachild9@aol.com>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA28540 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 11 Jun 1999 12:26:06 -0400 (EDT)
From: Seachild9@aol.com
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA00698; Fri, 11 Jun 1999 12:30:08 -0400
Received: from imo14.mx.aol.com(198.81.17.4) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma000676; Fri, 11 Jun 99 12:29:48 -0400
Received: from Seachild9@aol.com (14449)
	by imo14.mx.aol.com (IMOv20) id bXUDa24089;
	Fri, 11 Jun 1999 12:25:48 -0400 (EDT)
Message-ID: <f8a9db86.2492928b@aol.com>
Date: Fri, 11 Jun 1999 12:25:47 EDT
Subject: Reef Mooring Systems
To: Peter_Craig@ccmail.itd.nps.gov, schrimm@univ-perp.fr,
        coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, gbucl@crs.loc.gov,
        hendee@aoml.noaa.gov, lewi@lanina.tau.ac.il, jch@coral.aoml.noaa.gov,
        U.Lindahl@kmf.gu.se
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Mailer: AOL 4.0 for Windows 95 sub 214
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 369
Aloha,
My name is Dave Rubin, I'm a graduate student at The University of Hawaii
studying Ocean Policy.  I'm presently working on a study of reef mooring
systems.  I am in the process of gathering information regarding who is using
moorings worldwide and how these moorings are funded.
I would appreciate it if you could take a moment to answer the following
questions:
1- Are there moorings installed at dive sites you use?
2- When were they first installed?
3- Privately funded or government?
Shop name:
Address:
Country:
Thank you,
Dave Rubin
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Jun 11 19:01:13 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id TAA08491 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 11 Jun 1999 19:01:12 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA27626; Fri, 11 Jun 1999 19:04:29 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma027608; Fri, 11 Jun 99 19:04:16 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 11 Jun 1999 19:01:31 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id WAA03348; Fri, 11 Jun 1999 22:10:40 GMT
Received: from ns.ibw.com.ni by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id SAA03342; Fri, 11 Jun 1999 18:10:27 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from ppp.ibw.com.ni (mdig36.ibw.com.ni [209.198.193.192])
	by ns.ibw.com.ni (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id QAA20805
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 11 Jun 1999 16:11:30 -0600 (CST)
Message-Id: <3.0.2.32.19990611033449.0068bda0@pop1.ibw.com.ni>
X-Sender: dipal@pop1.ibw.com.ni
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.2 (32)
Date: Fri, 11 Jun 1999 03:34:49 -0700
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Pdipal <dipal@ibw.com.ni>
Subject: Salinity of 43ppm
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Pdipal <dipal@ibw.com.ni>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 371
I am working on the caribbean coast of Nicaragua where there are some patch
reefs. During the months march through may the salinity 0.5m under the
water surface rose untill 43 ppm. In this period the sun is hot, calm
weather and there is no rain falling. The prevailing current is from the
north and the prevailing wind from the northeast.The depth is around 15-20 m.
During the rainy sesason it is likely that water from the big rivers eix
with the blue water around the keys but i doubt that during the dry season
this happens, moreover the highest salinities found in the rivermounths
don't reach more then 38ppm.
I was wondering if anybody else has found such incredible high salinity
levels and would it be possible that this phenomenon negatively affects the
corals. (they already are under a lot of sedimentation stress with a
horizontal visibility between 3 and 9 meters).
thank you for your thoughts
mariska
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Jun 12 08:10:42 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA14426 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 12 Jun 1999 08:10:41 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA15118; Sat, 12 Jun 1999 08:14:46 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma015102; Sat, 12 Jun 99 08:14:28 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 12 Jun 1999 08:11:44 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id LAA04122; Sat, 12 Jun 1999 11:34:15 GMT
Received: from front7.grolier.fr by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id HAA04121; Sat, 12 Jun 1999 07:34:05 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from ozzie.home (ppp-162-236.villette.club-internet.fr [195.36.162.236])
	by front7.grolier.fr (8.9.3/No_Relay+No_Spam_MGC990224) with SMTP id NAA24433
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 12 Jun 1999 13:35:12 +0200 (MET DST)
Message-Id: <002801beb4ca$6ca504a0$eca224c3@home>
From: "Micky Schoelzke" <mickyfit@club-internet.fr>
To: "coral list" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Field PC laptop
Date: Sat, 12 Jun 1999 13:55:09 +0200
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0025_01BEB4DB.2F339620"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2014.211
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2014.211
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Micky Schoelzke" <mickyfit@club-internet.fr>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 372
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_0025_01BEB4DB.2F339620
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="Windows-1252"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Hi everyone,
I would be interested as well by some information about laptops you can =
"mihandle"!!!
Cheers,
Vanessa M. SCHOELZKE
FRANCE
mickyfit@club-internet.fr
mickyfit@yahoo.com
------=_NextPart_000_0025_01BEB4DB.2F339620
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="Windows-1252"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Dwindows-1252" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D"MSHTML 5.00.2014.210" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>Hi everyone,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>I would be interested as well by some information =
about=20
laptops you can "mihandle"!!!</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>Cheers,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>Vanessa M. SCHOELZKE<BR>FRANCE<BR><BR><A=20
href=3D"mailto:mickyfit@club-internet.fr">mickyfit@club-internet.fr</A><B=
R><A=20
href=3D"mailto:mickyfit@yahoo.com">mickyfit@yahoo.com</A></FONT></DIV></B=
ODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_000_0025_01BEB4DB.2F339620--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Jun 12 12:29:56 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA16386 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 12 Jun 1999 12:29:55 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA20660; Sat, 12 Jun 1999 12:35:24 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma020647; Sat, 12 Jun 99 12:34:29 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 12 Jun 1999 12:31:46 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA05450; Sat, 12 Jun 1999 15:50:53 GMT
Received: from radagast.wizard.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA05437; Sat, 12 Jun 1999 11:50:43 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from [206.161.15.106] (tc2-s30.wizard.net [206.161.15.106])
	by radagast.wizard.net (8.8.7/8.8.7) with SMTP id LAA13491;
	Sat, 12 Jun 1999 11:51:51 -0400
Message-Id: <199906121551.LAA13491@radagast.wizard.net>
Subject: Re: Nicaragua reefs - Caribbean
Date: Sat, 12 Jun 99 12:01:14 -0400
x-sender: sjameson@mail.wizard.net
x-mailer: Claris Emailer 2.0, March 15, 1997
From: Stephen C Jameson <sjameson@coralseas.com>
To: "Pdipal" <dipal@ibw.com.ni>, "Coral-List" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Stephen C Jameson <sjameson@coralseas.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 373
Dear Mariska,
Below are a few recent references you might find useful in your work in
Nicaragua.
Trott, LB. (ed) (1996) Recommendations and reports for the management of
	fisheries in the Miskito Coast Marine Reserve of Nicaragua,
Environmental Initiative of the
	Americas Fisheries Project October 1995 to September 1996.  USAID
Environment Center,
	Global Bureau, Washington, DC
Jameson SC (1996) Miskito Coast Reserve; Coral reef ecosystem survey and
management
	recommendations.  In:  Trott, LB. (ed) Recommendations and reports for
the management of
	fisheries in the Miskito Coast Marine Reserve of Nicaragua,
Environmental Initiative of the
	Americas Fisheries Project October 1995 to September 1996.  USAID
Environment Center,
	Global Bureau, Washington, DC
Jameson SC (1996) Miskito Coast Reserve; Biosphere reserve concept
analysis.  In:  Trott, LB
	(ed) Recommendations and reports for the management of fisheries in the
Miskito Coast
	Marine Reserve of Nicaragua, Environmental Initiative of the Americas
Fisheries Project
	October 1995 to September 1996.  USAID Environment Center, Global
Bureau, Washington,
	DC
Jameson SC (1998) Rapid ecological assessment of the Cayos Miskitos
Marine Reserve with notes
 on the stony corals off Nicaragua.  Atoll Res Bull, September 1998, No.
457,	Smithsonian
	Institution,  Washington, DC, 15 pp
Best regards,
Dr. Stephen C. Jameson, President
Coral Seas Inc. - Integrated Coastal Zone Management
4254 Hungry Run Road, The Plains, VA  20198-1715  USA
Office:  703-754-8690, Fax:  703-754-9139
Email:  sjameson@coralseas.com
Web Site:  www.coralseas.com
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Jun 14 03:16:44 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id DAA03752 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 14 Jun 1999 03:16:44 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id DAA09450; Mon, 14 Jun 1999 03:20:04 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma009430; Mon, 14 Jun 99 03:19:14 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 14 Jun 1999 03:16:29 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id GAA15455; Mon, 14 Jun 1999 06:36:56 GMT
Received: from melon.eastnet.com.cn by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id CAA15560; Mon, 14 Jun 1999 02:36:40 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from hk.super.net ([202.95.0.64])
	by melon.eastnet.com.cn (8.9.0/8.9.0) with ESMTP id OAA16648
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 14 Jun 1999 14:31:02 +0800
Message-Id: <3764A367.BA306039@hk.super.net>
Date: Mon, 14 Jun 1999 14:38:31 +0800
From: Gregor Hodgson <gregorh@hk.super.net>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.6 [en] (Win98; I)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Coral-List <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Zip Virus Alert
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Gregor Hodgson <gregorh@hk.super.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 374
My university computer center has sent the following message which I
must assume is reliable info and therefore a serious threat. I am
posting the message as a public service. Please do not respond to me
with queries.
Greg
This message is to alert you on a destructive PC virus called
ZippedFiles, a new e-mail worm spreading rapidly through the Internet.
This virus works like a chain letter and carries a destructive payload.
It arrives to a user via an e-mail attachment with mail content looks
like:
    I received your email and I shall send you a reply ASAP.
    Till then, take a look at the attached zipped docs.
    Sincerely
    Attachment: zipped_files.exe
If you receive a message like this, do not open zipped_files.exe. In
case you choose to open it, the virus will browse through the inbox of
the Microsoft Outlook e-mail program and will send a reply to every
message. In addition, it will try to overwrite your files on any
accessible disk drives.
To protect from this and other viruses attack, users are advised to:
  - update/install anti-virus utility to the latest version
    periodically
  - avoid running programs obtained from un-secured source, such as
    download from Internet or mail attachments received from friends
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Jun 15 10:42:40 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA29616 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 15 Jun 1999 10:42:39 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA01116; Tue, 15 Jun 1999 10:46:45 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma001080; Tue, 15 Jun 99 10:46:26 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 15 Jun 1999 10:43:41 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA25046; Tue, 15 Jun 1999 14:25:19 GMT
Received: from majordomo2.umd.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA25018; Tue, 15 Jun 1999 10:25:13 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from rac8.wam.umd.edu (root@rac8.wam.umd.edu [128.8.10.148])
	by majordomo2.umd.edu (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id KAA28038
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 15 Jun 1999 10:26:23 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from rac8.wam.umd.edu (sendmail@localhost [127.0.0.1])
	by rac8.wam.umd.edu (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id KAA12674
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 15 Jun 1999 10:26:22 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from localhost by rac8.wam.umd.edu (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id KAA12670
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 15 Jun 1999 10:26:22 -0400 (EDT)
X-Authentication-Warning: rac8.wam.umd.edu: mkgolden owned process doing -bs
Date: Tue, 15 Jun 1999 10:26:21 -0400 (EDT)
From: Marykate Golden <mkgolden@wam.umd.edu>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: coral photos
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.10.9906151022140.12140-100000@rac8.wam.umd.edu>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Marykate Golden <mkgolden@wam.umd.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 375
Hello,
	I am looking for photos of two species of Scleractinian corals,
Agaricia tenuifolia and Acropora cervicornis, in there natual environment.
My searchs on the net have thus far been unfruitful.  Any suggestions?
Thank you all.
Katie Golden
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Jun 15 10:47:24 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA29972 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 15 Jun 1999 10:47:22 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA01977; Tue, 15 Jun 1999 10:52:56 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma001909; Tue, 15 Jun 99 10:52:37 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 15 Jun 1999 10:49:49 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA24985; Tue, 15 Jun 1999 14:11:48 GMT
Message-Id: <199906151411.OAA24985@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Wed, 9 Jun 1999 13:21:03 -0400
From: coral-list-admin <jch@aoml.noaa.gov>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Rapid Assessment of Coral Stress Using Gene Expression
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: coral-list-admin <jch@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 376
The following may be of interest to some of you:
Broadcast Message: Ecological Assessment Research
The following message is a monthly summary of one or more new
documents that have been added to the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency's National Center for Environmental Research and Quality
Assurance (NCERQA) Home Page (http://www.epa.gov/ncerqa).
Each document is referenced by a brief summary followed by a link
(URL) to the document on EPA's Enviro$en$e server.  Documents in
this issue include:
     New Items Since May 1, 1999
See the end of this message to obtain details on this and other NCERQA
broadcast services as well as how to unsubscribe to this list.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Mon, 7 Jun 1999 18:10:24 -0400
From: "NCERQA RFA Announcements (owner account)" <owner-announce@envirosense.com>
Subject: New Items Since May 1, 1999
The following new items have been added to the NCERQA web site for the
period May 1, 1999 through June 1, 1999.
  Rapid Assessment of Coral Stress Using Gene
  Expression - 3 Kb
  Summary: The work proposed here seeks to apply recent advances
  in molecular biology to monitor stress on coral reefs and identify
  the most likely stressors. We propose quantifying changes in gene
  expression as indicators of stress from natural and anthropogenic...
  URL:
  http://es.epa.gov/ncerqa_abstracts/grants/98/envbio/snell.html
  A National Assessment of Low-Strearnflow Estimation
  Using a Physically Based Statistical Methodology - 4 Kb
  Summary: Unfortunately, there is no agreed upon methodology for
  estimating low strearnflow statistics in the United States. The
  current methods for estimating low strearnflow statistics are based
  on techniques recommended for flood frequency analyses. The
  method . . . . .
  URL:
  http://es.epa.gov/ncerqa_abstracts/grants/98/statistics/kroll.html
  Detection and Identification of the Toxins from
  Pfiesteria and Related Harmful Algal Blooms - 4 Kb
  Summary: Pfiesteria is a dinoflagellate that, when it accumulates to
  toxic concentrations in response to unknown stimuli, it results in
  huge fish-kills. Concentrate the toxins on reversed-phase C-18
  HPLC columns by filtration of aquarium water, then elute fractio ...
  URL:
  http://es.epa.gov/ncerqa_abstracts/grants/98/algal/gawley.html
------------------------------
End of Ecological Assessment Research V1 #5
*******************************************
Members of this list are encouraged to use the Web interface at:
http://es.epa.gov/ncerqa/elists.html to unsubscribe to
this list or subscribe to other lists available on Enviro$en$e.
Alternatively, you can unsubscribe to this list by sending an email message
to majordomo@envirosense.com and including this text in your message:
"unsubscribe ecosystm your@emailaddress"
For more information on this list, send mail to majordomo@envirosense.com
Include this text in your message: "info ecosystm
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Jun 15 12:47:53 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA06195 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 15 Jun 1999 12:47:52 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA18230; Tue, 15 Jun 1999 12:51:10 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma018126; Tue, 15 Jun 99 12:50:32 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 15 Jun 1999 12:45:54 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA25845; Tue, 15 Jun 1999 16:15:33 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA25675; Tue, 15 Jun 1999 12:15:24 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA13648; Tue, 15 Jun 1999 12:19:15 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma013625; Tue, 15 Jun 99 12:19:09 -0400
Received: from surf.blur (surf [172.16.100.3])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with ESMTP
	  id MAA03950 for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 15 Jun 1999 12:15:47 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from localhost by surf.blur (8.8.8+Sun/SMI-SVR4)
	id MAA28314; Tue, 15 Jun 1999 12:15:01 -0400 (EDT)
Date: Tue, 15 Jun 1999 12:15:01 -0400 (EDT)
From: Jim Hendee <Jim.Hendee@noaa.gov>
X-Sender: hendee@surf
To: coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Artificial Reefs source
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.03.9906151213370.27268-100000@surf>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jim Hendee <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 377
This is by no means an endorsement, but for those of you who are still
interested in artificial reefs, here is a URL that may be of some
interest:
	http://www.artificial-reefs.com/
	Cheers,
	Jim
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Jun 15 12:53:12 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA06452 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 15 Jun 1999 12:53:11 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA19227; Tue, 15 Jun 1999 12:57:17 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma019173; Tue, 15 Jun 99 12:57:01 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 15 Jun 1999 12:54:17 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA26032; Tue, 15 Jun 1999 16:17:39 GMT
Date: Tue, 15 Jun 1999 16:17:39 GMT
Message-Id: <199906151617.QAA26032@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: coral-list-admin <jch@aoml.noaa.gov>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Closing coral-list to new subscribers
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: coral-list-admin <jch@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 378
Greetings, Coral-Listers!
	Coral-list and coral-list-digest at this time have a combined
subscribership of about 1,170.  I'm afraid the list will have to be closed
to new subscribers until further notice, *except* by recommendation from
existing members.  Unfortunately, there are many bounced messages that you
don't see that bog down administration of the list (e.g., "forgot how to
unsubscribe", people not on the list trying to post messages, people
forget to unsubscribe under their old name, etc.).  If we get personnel
help in the future, things will change back to the way they were (unless
everybody likes it the new way).
	Only existing coral-list and coral-list-digest members will be
able to post to the list.  Please remember that this is primarily a
listserver for professional coral researchers and environmental managers
who have some education and experience in coral biology and/or coral reef
sanctuary management.
	If you are an instructor and you wish for your whole class (or
selected students) to be subscribed, you can send me a list of their
names, if you think they will use the list properly.  If you wish to do
this, I would appreciate it if you remind them to read the Welcome Message
carefully.
	Thank you for your help and support.
	Cheers,
	Jim Hendee
	coral-list administrator
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Jun 15 15:19:13 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA13968 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 15 Jun 1999 15:19:12 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA06785; Tue, 15 Jun 1999 15:23:16 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma006695; Tue, 15 Jun 99 15:22:33 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 15 Jun 1999 15:19:40 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA26562; Tue, 15 Jun 1999 18:57:35 GMT
Received: from mail.caribe.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA26893; Tue, 15 Jun 1999 14:57:23 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from default (ppp120.201dip.netdial.caribe.net [209.91.201.120])
	by mail.caribe.net (8.9.0/8.9.0) with ESMTP id OAA22053
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 15 Jun 1999 14:58:34 -0400 (AST)
Message-Id: <199906151858.OAA22053@mail.caribe.net>
From: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
To: "Coral-List" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Re: Artificial Reefs source
Date: Tue, 15 Jun 1999 14:54:12 -0400
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Priority: 3
X-Mailer: Microsoft Internet Mail 4.70.1155
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 379
	This is also by no means an endorsement, but for those of you who are
still
interested in artificial reefs, here is another URL that may be of some
interest. http://www.reefball.com Is it me, or do these designs bear some
similarities to each other?
	As distributors of the Reef Ball Artificial Reef Systems in Puerto Rico,
we offer a word of caution to those people working with prefabricated
artificial reef. These designs are powerful fish attractors. If the
projects are not strictly controlled, fish populations can be further
depleted. Our experience has been that some individuals may be tempted to
abuse project guidelines to establish their own private spear fishing
"holes."
	We have seen encouraging results with transplant studies using Reef Balls,
which closely resemble old Montastraea reef in appearance. We believe that
the stability of Reef Balls and their flexibility in placement make them
excellent tools for use in reef restoration projects involving
spur-and-groove-type reefs damaged by ship groundings or hurricanes.
	Everything from used tires to abandoned cars and ships have been sunk in
the name of creating "habitat" for fish, or interesting dive destinations.
We agree that reef systems are so compromised that they can benefit from
creative intervention, but based on the many problems scientists have
documented regarding "trash" reefs (of the past ?) we should be very
cautious when implementing new designs in such a complex ecosystem.
Mary Ann Lucking
Project Coordinator
CORALations
Amapola 14, Suite 901
Isla Verde, PR  00979
787-791-7372
corals@caribe.net
> From: Jim Hendee <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>
> To: coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
> Subject: Artificial Reefs source
> Date: Tuesday, June 15, 1999 12:15 PM
>
>
> This is by no means an endorsement, but for those of you who are still
> interested in artificial reefs, here is a URL that may be of some
> interest:
>
> 	http://www.artificial-reefs.com/
>
> 	Cheers,
> 	Jim
>
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Jun 16 12:00:57 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA21975 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 16 Jun 1999 12:00:56 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA13050; Wed, 16 Jun 1999 12:05:01 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xmaa13005; Wed, 16 Jun 99 12:04:56 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 16 Jun 1999 12:02:05 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA33191; Wed, 16 Jun 1999 15:17:57 GMT
Received: from po3.wam.umd.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA32410; Wed, 16 Jun 1999 11:17:51 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from rac6.wam.umd.edu (root@rac6.wam.umd.edu [128.8.10.146])
	by po3.wam.umd.edu (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id LAA06675
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 16 Jun 1999 11:19:00 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from rac6.wam.umd.edu (sendmail@localhost [127.0.0.1])
	by rac6.wam.umd.edu (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id LAA22970
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 16 Jun 1999 11:19:00 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from localhost by rac6.wam.umd.edu (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id LAA22966
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 16 Jun 1999 11:18:59 -0400 (EDT)
X-Authentication-Warning: rac6.wam.umd.edu: mkgolden owned process doing -bs
Date: Wed, 16 Jun 1999 11:18:59 -0400 (EDT)
From: Marykate Golden <mkgolden@wam.umd.edu>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: coral photos
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.10.9906161118010.22385-100000@rac6.wam.umd.edu>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Marykate Golden <mkgolden@wam.umd.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 380
To all of you have had wonderful ideas....I have found just the photos I
needed.
Thank you.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Jun 16 12:44:46 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA23847 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 16 Jun 1999 12:44:46 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA18135; Wed, 16 Jun 1999 12:48:52 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma018095; Wed, 16 Jun 99 12:48:22 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 16 Jun 1999 12:45:39 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA33381; Wed, 16 Jun 1999 16:03:28 GMT
Received: from earth.usgcrp.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA33325; Wed, 16 Jun 1999 12:03:12 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from [198.116.134.12] (usgcrp12.usgcrp.gov [198.116.134.12])
	by earth.usgcrp.gov (8.8.7/8.8.7) with ESMTP id MAA13133;
	Wed, 16 Jun 1999 12:03:18 -0400
X-Sender: tsocci@earth.usgcrp.gov
Message-Id: <v04003a16b38d7b6aa734@[198.116.134.12]>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Date: Wed, 16 Jun 1999 12:04:38 -0400
To: tsocci@usgcrp.gov (Tony Socci)
From: Tony Socci <tsocci@usgcrp.gov>
Subject: June 22nd USGCRP Seminar: "Status of the Health of Coral Reefs:   An Update"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Tony Socci <tsocci@usgcrp.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 381
                       U.S. Global Change Research Program Seminar Series
                         Status of the Health of Coral Reefs: An Update
What is known about emerging diseases and pathogens affecting the health of
coral reefs worldwide?  What is known about the causes of these emerging
diseases?  What is the relationship, if any, between the observed global
climate warming and other environmental stresses, and the ability of coral
ecosystems to resist and overcome diseases and pathogens (new and old) in
the marine environment?  How do elevated sea-surface temperatures affect
coral reefs?  Do coral reefs generally have a temperature threshold beyond
which they can suffer injury or mortality?  If so, what is that threshold?
What impact did the record warmth of 1998 have on reef ecosystems?  What is
the suspected cause of increased amounts of dust in the tropical oceans
derived from the African continent since the mid-1970s?  Has this increase
in dust affected the health of reef ecosystems, and if so, how?
                                                 Public Invited
                                 Tuesday, June 22, 1999, 3:15-4:45 PM
                                   Hart Senate Office Bldg., Room 902
      (Use the north bank of elevators on the 1st floor to get to room 902)
                                               Washington, DC
                                            Reception Following
SPEAKERS:
Dr. Laurie L. Richardson, Associate Professor of Biology, Florida
International University, Miami, FL
Dr. James W. Porter, Professor of Ecology & Marine Sciences, University of
Georgia, Athens, GA
Dr. Richard Barber, Director of the Duke University/University of North
Carolina Oceanographic Consortium, Durham, NC
                                       Emerging Coral Diseases
Emerging coral diseases have increased dramatically in recent years, both
in terms of increases in disease outbreaks and in the occurrence of new,
previously undescribed diseases, worldwide.  Four coral diseases have been
characterized to date.  Black band disease, the first coral disease to be
discovered (1973), consists of a dark line, or band, that migrates across
coral tissue at rates up to 1 cm per day, completely degrading coral tissue
and leaving behind bare coral skeleton.  The disease consists of a specific
community of bacteria that work together to produce and maintain a toxic
chemical environment that kills corals.  While the disease normally is
present at low levels on reefs (an incidence of <1%) it is a serious threat
in that it targets slow growing (<1 cm/year), reef building corals and
routinely kills corals that are several hundreds to a thousand years old.
In the last 5 years this disease has spread to coral reefs on a global
basis.  Coral plague, another bacterial disease discovered in 1977,
reemerged in a new, more virulent form in 1995 on reefs of the Florida
Keys.  Within months it spread to infect 17 species of corals and affected
over 200 km of reef tract.  This is one of the most severe coral diseases
in that it has been known to kill, by rapid tissue degradation, up to 38%
of the most susceptible coral species in a matter of weeks.  Since 1996
this disease has spread throughout the Caribbean.  Aspergillosis is a newly
discovered disease that affects sea fans, a soft form of coral.  This
fungal, lesion-producing disease is responsible for a massive sea fan
die-off that occurred throughout the Caribbean and the Florida Keys,
killing >90% of sea fans in regional epidemics since 1996.  This disease is
linked to an increased supply of dust from the African continent.  The last
disease, white band disease, is also responsible for massive coral die-offs
via complete coral tissue degradation.  It has killed over 95% of the
important, shallow reef-building staghorn and elkhorn corals throughout the
Caribbean and the Florida Keys, and to date, is the only disease shown to
have completely restructured a long-standing coral reef (4,000 years old)
in less than a decade.  The white band pathogen is unknown.  A number of
other emerging coral diseases (red band disease, rapid wasting disease,
white pox, yellow band, and others) are incompletely characterized at this
time.
It is known that coral diseases represent a threat to coral reefs on a
global basis.  While the environmental causes of these diseases are just
beginning to be understood, it is clear that multiple stressors are
involved.  Black band and coral plague disease activities are correlated
with warmer water temperatures, thus supporting the notion that a global
warming is contributing to the observed increase in coral disease.
Additional, recently proven stressors (for black band disease) include
increased nutrients and lowered salinities, with a positive correlation of
disease incidence with lower coral diversity.  While the environmental
factors contributing to other disease outbreaks are not known at this time,
factors such as prolonged elevated water temperature, increased turbidity,
increased nutrient input and lower salinity are known to increase coral
susceptibility to disease.
Unpredictable Effects of Global Climate Change: Coral Bleaching, Coral
           Disease, and Coral Response to Elevated C0-2
Corals are photosynthetic.  Based on the presence of symbiotic algae within
their tissues, reef-building corals produce more oxygen than they consume.
Survival and reproduction of shallow-water coral is dependent on
maintaining a Production/Respiration ratio in excess of one.  Factors that
significantly lower the P/R  ratio kill corals.  Like most tropical marine
organisms, corals exist much closer to their upper tolerance level in terms
of water temperature than to their lower tolerance level.  Elevated oceanic
temperatures of as little as 2.7 degrees F (1.5 degrees C) over the average
summer temperature destroy the symbiotic algae resident in corals.
Resultant loss of this pigmented algae causes the coral animal to become
transparent, revealing the white limestone coral skeleton beneath, hence
the term "coral bleaching."  If bleaching persists for an extended period of
time, the likely outcome is reef mortality.   While several stresses can cause
bleaching, virtually all known examples of mass bleaching to date have been
caused by elevated water temperature.  Although the onset of coral
bleaching is a response to elevated water temperatures, it does not prove
the existence of a global warming.  However, a global climate warming best
explains the recent occurrence of mass bleaching worldwide.  1998 was the
warmest year on record, and recent reports from the Indian Ocean suggest
that up to 70% of all corals there died as a result of these
record-breaking temperatures.  There is considerable concern that any
additional, future global warming will cause an increase in both the
frequency and severity of coral bleaching.
Elevated sea surface temperatures may also contribute to an increase in the
reported incidence of marine diseases from both tropical and temperate
oceans.  For instance, some reefs in the Florida Keys have experienced a
loss of coral cover and biodiversity due to disease (caused by a host of
new pathogens).  As a result of extensive surveys throughout the Florida
Keys it has been discovered that there has been a quadrupling of the number
of stations exhibiting disease, and a tripling of the number of coral
species afflicted by disease.  One locality, the deep (65 feet) reef at
Carysfort Light, has experienced a 62% reduction of living coral cover
during the three-year survey due, in part, to coral disease.
The 1995 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's "business as usual"
scenario (IS92a) projects that anthropogenic production of greenhouse gases
will result in a doubling of the current atmospheric C0-2 concentration from
355 ppm (parts per million) to nearly 700 ppm by the end of the next
century.  Recent research on corals suggests that by the middle of the next
century, such elevated levels of CO-2 will reduce by 30-40%, the ability of
corals (and other tropical marine organisms) to deposit their limestone
skeletons and to calcifv normally.  Adding to the influence of elevated C0-2
on global temperatures, new research suggests that elevated CO-2
concentrations will likely have serious consequences with regard to corals,
resulting from the direct effects of elevated CO-2.
                        The Coral Response to Climate Change
Worldwide episodes of coral bleaching, coral disease outbreaks and
macroalgal overgrowth of coral are increasing in frequency, intensity and
range.  These deleterious events occur in all regions supporting reefs
including the Indo-Pacific, the Western Atlantic and the Caribbean.
Surprisingly, both inhabited and uninhabited regions are affected.  These
recent coral reef changes have been attributed to (in order of assumed
importance) global warming, oxygen starvation, sediment loading,
overfishing of plant-eating animals and increased UV radiation.  Only
global warming and increased UV radiation (resulting from ozone depletion)
have the global-scale influence that is characteristic of the scale of the
coral responses observed.  In addition to a global vs. local issue, there
is a temporal enigma that may well provide a key to understanding causality
- many changes to coral ecosystems began very abruptly in the mid-1970s.
Since the mid-1970s there have been increases in the frequency, intensity
and range of outbreaks of a wide spectrum of  "invader" micro-organisms,
including numerous pathogens that affect coral, other invertebrates,
amphibians and humans, and outbreaks of harmful algal blooms.
Global warming has a complex relationship to coral bleaching.  Bleaching
occurs during episodes of elevated temperature that appear to be the result
of a combination of natural phenomena and human-induced changes to the
climate system.  Global warming appears to elevate seasonal temperatures
while natural, short-lived climate phenomena such as El Nino, add to the
new seasonal maxima resulting in temperatures that can be lethal to coral
ecosystems, especially if sustained over a significant increment of time.
Thus, the combined effects of a long-term climate warming, superimposed on
the operation of short-term climate phemonena like El Nino, seem to best
explain the current epidemic of coral bleaching which was especially
widespread in 1998.  These complex interactions are likely involved in the
increased incidence of disease outbreaks because bleaching weakens the
coral's ability to resist pathogens or competitors.
In addition, the observed global mean temperature increase may now be
acting in concert with other recent climate-induced changes.  For example,
around 1976 there was a relatively abrupt climate shift in the Northern
Hemisphere that was reflected most clearly in the change in the North
Pacific and North Atlantic pressure systems.  One consequence of this shift
was a prolonged drought in the Sahel region of Africa that resulted in an
increase by about a factor of five, the global supply of dust in the
atmosphere.  Because this dust is iron-rich, and because the productivity
in tropical oceans is ordinarily limited by the lack of iron (which also
serves as a nutrient in tropical waters), its transport to typically
iron-poor regions of the tropical oceans leads to the reduction or removal
of an otherwise natural limitation or check on microbial growth.  Thus,
this extra supply of iron may have spurred the growth of a variety of
invader organisms harmful to coral ecosystems.  The timing of this
increased supply of atmospheric dust may help account for the peculiar
timing of the change in the rate of disease outbreaks in coral ecosystems
beginning in the mid-1970s.
As scientists struggle to understand the plight of coral, several ideas
seem particularly noteworthy:
1) In order to better understand the global decline in coral it will be
necessary to investigate coral ecosystems, global warming and marine
diseases and pathogens simultaneously, as a system, as opposed to isolated,
unrelated pieces.
2) Anthropogenic climate change and natural climate variability occurring
together may produce a biological response that is quite different from
that of either process taken alone.
3) Significant ecological changes are probably already underway in the
ocean.  In order to better understand and predict the response of marine
ecosystems, diseases and pathogens to climate-induced changes, it will be
necessary to gain a better understanding of marine ecosystems and
biological processes, and incorporate that knowledge into a more integrated
climate model.  Even more fundamentally, complex environmental problems
such as this, require a research plan that is both strategic and integrated
- a systems approach.
                                          Biographies
Dr. Laurie L.Richardson is an Associate Professor of Biology at Florida
International University (FIU) in Miami, FL.  Prior to her arrival at FIU
in 1990, she spent three years in the Ecosystems Science and Technology
Branch of NASA's Ames Research Center, California, first as a National
Research Council Fellow and then as a senior research scientist.
Dr. Richardson's area of specialization is the relationship between
microorganisms and the aquatic environment.  She is particularly interested
in how microbial metabolism affects aquatic chemistry, and the
environmental cues that control the behavioral and mobility patterns of
microorganisms.  Her research has been conducted in hot spring outflows,
lakes, hypersaline ponds, coastal and estuarine environments, and most
recently coral reefs.
In recent years Dr.Richardson has focused her research efforts on
identifying and understanding the biological mechanisms associated with
coral diseases.  This work involves characterizing pathogens of newly
emerging coral diseases, determining the interactions between coral disease
and reef degradation (reef stresses), and investigating the relationships
between environmental perturbations and coral disease incidence.  She is
also actively involved in research in the area of remote sensing of aquatic
ecosystems, including coral reefs.
Dr. Richardson received her Ph.D. in microbial ecology and physiology in
1985, at the University of Oregon, Eugene, OR.
Dr. James W. Porter is Professor of Ecology and Marine Sciences in the
Institute of Ecology at the University of Georgia.  After teaching at the
University of Michigan from 1973 to 1997, he joined the faculty at the
University of Georgia, where he has won both the University's Outstanding
Teaching Award and Creative Research Award.  Dr. Porter has also served as
Editor of Ecology and Ecological Monographs  from 1974 to 1978, as Graduate
Coordinator for the Institute of Ecology from 1990 until 1997, and as
Associate Director for the Institute from 1993 to 1997.  He was later
selected as a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of
Science.
Dr. Porter has also been called upon to testify before Congress on several
occasions, most recently on coral reef conservation issues and the effects
of global climate change on coral reefs.  He is currently collaborating
with the US Environmental Protection Agency on long-term monitoring of
coral reefs, studying the distribution of coral diseases from Key Largo,
Florida to the Dry Tortugas.
Dr. Porter received his B.S. degree from Yale in 1969, and his Ph.D. from
Yale in 1973.
Dr. Richard T. Barber is the Harvey W. Smith Professor of Biological
Oceanography in the Nicholas School of the Environment at Duke University.
He also serves as director of the Duke/University of North Carolina
Oceanographic Consortium, a program that operates R/V Cape Hatteras.  Dr.
Barber's research focuses on the interrelationship of large-scale thermal
dynamics and oceanic productivity, emphasizing how biological/physical
coupling contributes to partitioning of carbon between the ocean and the
atmosphere.  His interests also lie in the role of iron in the regulation
of primary production in Antarctic waters as well as the equatorial
Pacific.  His interest in the global decline of coral reef ecosystems stems
from observations on the apparent relationship between episodic influxes of
iron to outbreaks of marine "invader" organisms.
Dr. Barber has chaired numerous advisory and editorial committees related
to national and global research programs.  He served as an advisor on the
NASA SeaWiFS (Sea-Viewing Wide-Field Sensor) Science Team and Review Panel
and on the U. S. JGOFS (Joint Global Ocean Flux Study) Synthesis & Modeling
Project.  On behalf of the National Academy of Sciences, he served on the
Committee on Ocean's Role in Global Change, the TOGA (Tropical Oceans and
Global Atmosphere) Advisory Panel, and the International Ocean Science
Policy Committee.
Dr. Barber's honors and awards include the John Holland Martin Medal of
Excellence from Stanford University, the National Science Foundation
Creativity Award, the Rosenstiel Award in Oceanographic Science from the
Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Miami,
and the Ecology Institute's Prize in Marine Ecology.  He is a Fellow in the
American Association for the Advancement of Science, the American
Geophysical Union, and the California Academy of Science.
Dr. Barber received his B. S. in zoology and botany at Utah State
University in 1962, and a Ph.D. in biological science at Stanford
University in 1967.  He later  a postdoctoral fellowship at the Woods Hole
Oceanographic Institute (WHOI) from 1967-1968, was an Assistant Scientist
at WHOI in 1969, and joined Duke University in 1970, as an Associate
Professor.  From 1987 to 1990, he was the founding Executive Director of
Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, and in 1990, he rejoined Duke
University as the Harvey W. Smith Professor of Biological Oceanography.
     The Next Seminar is scheduled for Tuesday, July 20, 1999
Tentative Topic: Origin, Impact, and Implications of the "Dead Zone" in the
Gulf of Mexico
For more information please contact:
Anthony D. Socci, Ph.D., U.S. Global Change Research Program Office, 400
Virginia Ave. SW, Suite 750, Washington, DC 20024; Telephone: (202)
314-2235; Fax: (202) 488-8681 E-Mail: TSOCCI@USGCRP.GOV.
Additional information on the U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP)
and this Seminar Series is available on the USGCRP Home Page at:
http://www.usgcrp.gov.  A complete archive of seminar summaries can also be
found at this site.  Normally these seminars are held on the second Monday
of each month.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Jun 17 03:57:08 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id DAA25121 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 17 Jun 1999 03:57:08 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id EAA06186; Thu, 17 Jun 1999 04:02:44 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma006121; Thu, 17 Jun 99 04:01:43 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 17 Jun 1999 03:58:54 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id HAA04623; Thu, 17 Jun 1999 07:38:45 GMT
Received: from front3.grolier.fr by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id DAA04624; Thu, 17 Jun 1999 03:38:38 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from ozzie.home (ppp-172-243.villette.club-internet.fr [195.36.172.243])
	by front3.grolier.fr (8.9.3/No_Relay+No_Spam_MGC990224) with SMTP id JAA00610
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 17 Jun 1999 09:39:43 +0200 (MET DST)
Message-Id: <000201beb897$6a4f31a0$f3ac24c3@home>
From: "Micky Schoelzke" <mickyfit@club-internet.fr>
To: "coral list" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Nitrates and iron on coral reefs
Date: Thu, 17 Jun 1999 09:59:21 +0200
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0030_01BEB8A8.122E6700"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2014.211
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2014.211
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Micky Schoelzke" <mickyfit@club-internet.fr>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 382
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_0030_01BEB8A8.122E6700
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Hi coral-listers,
I was wondering whether anybody had found some high nitrate =
concentrations on coral reefs (1 to 2 =B5M). In which specific areas and =
under what conditions. What about high concentrations of iron (over =
1nM). What were the effects on coral metabolism?
Thanks in advance,
Micky V. SCHOELZKE
mickyfit@club-internet.fr
------=_NextPart_000_0030_01BEB8A8.122E6700
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D"MSHTML 5.00.2014.210" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>Hi coral-listers,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>I was wondering whether anybody had found some high =
nitrate=20
concentrations on coral reefs (1 to 2 =B5M). In which specific areas and =
under=20
what conditions. What about high concentrations of iron (over 1nM). What =
were=20
the effects on coral metabolism?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>Thanks in advance,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>Micky V. SCHOELZKE</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2><A=20
href=3D"mailto:mickyfit@club-internet.fr">mickyfit@club-internet.fr</A></=
FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_000_0030_01BEB8A8.122E6700--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Jun 17 11:48:54 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA13663 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 17 Jun 1999 11:48:53 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA10960; Thu, 17 Jun 1999 11:52:15 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma010901; Thu, 17 Jun 99 11:51:19 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 17 Jun 1999 11:48:28 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA07391; Thu, 17 Jun 1999 15:05:57 GMT
Received: from mail.rivnet.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA07346; Thu, 17 Jun 1999 11:05:35 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from [205.130.32.217] (unverified [205.130.32.217]) by mail.rivnet.net
 (EMWAC SMTPRS 0.83) with SMTP id <B0001363939@mail.rivnet.net>;
 Thu, 17 Jun 1999 11:06:52 -0400
Message-Id: <B0001363939@mail.rivnet.net>
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express for Macintosh - 4.01 (297)
Date: Thu, 17 Jun 1999 11:12:16 -0400
Subject: Re: Support for coral reef studies in the US
From: "Judith Lang & Lynton Land" <JandL@rivnet.net>
To: coral list <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Mime-version: 1.0
X-Priority: 3
Content-type: multipart/alternative; boundary="MS_Mac_OE_3012462737_4423312_MIME_Part"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Judith Lang & Lynton Land" <JandL@rivnet.net>
Status: RO
X-Status: A
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 383
> THIS MESSAGE IS IN MIME FORMAT. Since your mail reader does not understand
this format, some or all of this message may not be legible.
--MS_Mac_OE_3012462737_4423312_MIME_Part
Content-type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII"
Content-transfer-encoding: 7bit
Dear Coral-Listers,
As many of you in the US will have heard by now, the initial Senate
committee budgets for NOAA in FY2000 contain no new funds for the coral
reef-related projects that were requested by senior NOAA personnel!
Although certain activities at the University of Hawaii and the National
Coral Reef Institute in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, are apparently receiving
favorable consideration, not being funded are other areas of NOAA's Lands
Legacy Initiative (see http://www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories/s108.htm and
http://192.64.69.47/BudgetRequest2000.htm).
Apparently Americans are failing to  ensure that their collective voice is
being heard with respect to these issues; perhaps folks here are just not
aware of the present precarious status of many coral reefs. Anyone who is a
U.S. citizen and wishes increased funding for NOAA's reef
research/survey/restoration projects is urged to contact his/her respective
federal legislators and briefly explain the many economic, ecological,
societal, aesthetic etc., reasons for conserving reefs, both in US waters
and abroad.
Judy Lang
--MS_Mac_OE_3012462737_4423312_MIME_Part
Content-type: text/html; charset="US-ASCII"
Content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Re: Support for coral reef studies in the US</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY BGCOLOR=3D"#FFFFFF">
<FONT SIZE=3D"2">Dear Coral-Listers,<BR>
As many of you in the US will have heard by now, the initial Senate committ=
ee budgets for NOAA in FY2000 contain no new funds for the coral reef-relate=
d projects that were requested by senior NOAA personnel!<BR>
<BR>
Although certain activities at the University of Hawaii and the National Co=
ral Reef Institute in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, are apparently receiving fav=
orable consideration, not being funded are other areas of NOAA's Lands Legac=
y Initiative (see http://www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories/s108.htm and &nbsp;<B=
R>
http://192.64.69.47/BudgetRequest2000.htm).<BR>
<BR>
Apparently Americans are failing to &nbsp;ensure that their collective voic=
e is being heard with respect to these issues; perhaps folks here are just n=
ot aware of the present precarious status of many coral reefs. Anyone who is=
 a U.S. citizen and wishes increased funding for NOAA's reef research/survey=
/restoration projects is urged to contact his/her respective federal legisla=
tors and briefly explain the many economic, ecological, societal, aesthetic =
etc., reasons for conserving reefs, both in US waters and abroad. &nbsp;<BR>
Judy Lang<BR>
<BR>
</FONT>
</BODY>
</HTML>
--MS_Mac_OE_3012462737_4423312_MIME_Part--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Jun 17 14:15:34 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA22057 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 17 Jun 1999 14:15:33 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA23723; Thu, 17 Jun 1999 14:18:52 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma023699; Thu, 17 Jun 99 14:18:45 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 17 Jun 1999 14:16:01 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA08283; Thu, 17 Jun 1999 17:27:24 GMT
Received: from mailsims2.senate.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA08308; Thu, 17 Jun 1999 13:27:09 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from imaexch.senate.gov (mailexc2.senate.gov)
 by mailsims2.senate.gov (Sun Internet Mail Server
 sims.3.5.1999.03.02.17.58.p5) with ESMTP id
 <0FDH00454FEG1B@mailsims2.senate.gov> for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Thu,
 17 Jun 1999 13:32:40 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from ccMail by imaexch.senate.gov (IMA Internet Exchange 3.11)
 id 00226539; Thu, 17 Jun 1999 13:26:55 -0400
Date: Thu, 17 Jun 1999 13:24:56 -0400
From: Stephanie_Bailenson@commerce.senate.gov (Stephanie Bailenson)
Subject: Re[2]: Support for coral reef studies in the US
To: coral list <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Message-Id: <00226539.C22123@commerce.senate.gov>
MIME-version: 1.0
Content-type: MULTIPART/MIXED; BOUNDARY="Boundary_(ID_+dt7C987GS/xfm34bAdUig)"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Stephanie_Bailenson@commerce.senate.gov (Stephanie Bailenson)
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 384
--Boundary_(ID_+dt7C987GS/xfm34bAdUig)
Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-description: cc:Mail note part
Content-transfer-encoding: 7bit
Dear Coral-Listers,
While not a direct response to Judy's posting about coral funding, I wanted to
bring to your attention a bill currently being considered in the US Senate.
S. 725, the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 1999, was introduced on March 24,
1999 by Senators Snowe and McCain. In response to concerns about the declining
conditions of coral reefs and the identification of needs raised by the U.S.
Coral Reef Task Force and in the ICRI Renewed Call to Action, this bill focuses
on community based conservation.  The Subcommittee on Oceans and Fisheries has
scheduled a hearing on June 30, 1999 to discuss S. 725.
If you would like to see the bill you can download it at <www.senate.gov/>.
The Senate homepage has a prompt for a bill search where you can input the bill
number S. 725.  I invite you all to take a look.
Stephanie Bailenson
Stephanie Bailenson
Professional Staff
Subcommittee on Oceans and Fisheries 428 Hart Senate Office Building
Washington, DC 20510
Ph:202-224-8172
Fx:202-228-0326
stephanie_bailenson@commerce.senate.gov
______________________________ Reply Separator _________________________________
Subject: Re: Support for coral reef studies in the US
Author:  Judith Lang & Lynton Land <JandL@rivnet.net> at Internet
Date:    6/17/99 11:12 AM
Dear Coral-Listers,
As many of you in the US will have heard by now, the initial Senate
committee budgets for NOAA in FY2000 contain no new funds for the coral
reef-related projects that were requested by senior NOAA personnel!
Although certain activities at the University of Hawaii and the National
Coral Reef Institute in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, are apparently receiving
favorable consideration, not being funded are other areas of NOAA's Lands
Legacy Initiative (see http://www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories/s108.htm and
http://192.64.69.47/BudgetRequest2000.htm).
Apparently Americans are failing to  ensure that their collective voice is
being heard with respect to these issues; perhaps folks here are just not
aware of the present precarious status of many coral reefs. Anyone who is a
U.S. citizen and wishes increased funding for NOAA's reef
research/survey/restoration projects is urged to contact his/her respective
federal legislators and briefly explain the many economic, ecological,
societal, aesthetic etc., reasons for conserving reefs, both in US waters
and abroad.
Judy Lang
--Boundary_(ID_+dt7C987GS/xfm34bAdUig)
Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-description: cc:Mail note part
Content-transfer-encoding: 7bit
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Re: Support for coral reef studies in the US</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<FONT SIZE="2">Dear Coral-Listers,<BR>
As many of you in the US will have heard by now, the initial Senate committee
budgets for NOAA in FY2000 contain no new funds for the coral reef-related
projects that were requested by senior NOAA personnel!<BR>
<BR>
Although certain activities at the University of Hawaii and the National Coral
Reef Institute in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, are apparently receiving favorable
consideration, not being funded are other areas of NOAA's Lands Legacy
Initiative (see http://www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories/s108.htm and &nbsp;<BR>
http://192.64.69.47/BudgetRequest2000.htm).<BR>
<BR>
Apparently Americans are failing to &nbsp;ensure that their collective voice is
being heard with respect to these issues; perhaps folks here are just not aware
of the present precarious status of many coral reefs. Anyone who is a U.S.
citizen and wishes increased funding for NOAA's reef research/survey/restoration
projects is urged to contact his/her respective federal legislators and briefly
explain the many economic, ecological, societal, aesthetic etc., reasons for
conserving reefs, both in US waters and abroad. &nbsp;<BR>
Judy Lang<BR>
<BR>
</FONT>
</BODY>
</HTML>
--Boundary_(ID_+dt7C987GS/xfm34bAdUig)--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Jun 18 00:39:27 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id AAA22443 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 18 Jun 1999 00:39:26 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id AAA28362; Fri, 18 Jun 1999 00:42:48 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028349; Fri, 18 Jun 99 00:42:34 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 18 Jun 1999 00:39:43 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id EAA11355; Fri, 18 Jun 1999 04:19:20 GMT
Received: from pearl.aims.gov.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id AAA10913; Fri, 18 Jun 1999 00:19:03 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from charliev.aims.gov.au ([138.7.37.12])
	by pearl.aims.gov.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id OAA25431
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 18 Jun 1999 14:19:57 +1000 (EST)
Message-Id: <3.0.1.32.19990618141855.006e91e8@email.aims.gov.au>
X-Sender: dfenner@email.aims.gov.au
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0.1 (32)
Date: Fri, 18 Jun 1999 14:18:55 +1000
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Doug Fenner <d.fenner@aims.gov.au>
Subject: Hawaii State of Reefs Report
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Doug Fenner <d.fenner@aims.gov.au>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 385
Coralisters,
   An excellent new release is "Hawaii's State of the Reefs Report (1998)".
 Its 41 pages are full of vivid graphics and pictures, interesting and
important information (find out how much the state's reefs are worth- hint:
it's in the billions!).  Lots of great ideas of what such reports can
contain.  I highly recommend it.  Copies are US$5, and can be obtained from:
DLNR Division of Aqauatic Resources
1151 Punchbowl St. rm. 330
Honolulu, HI  96813
USA
_____________________________
-Doug (I don't have copies)
Douglas Fenner, Ph.D.
Coral Taxonomist
Australian Institute of Marine Science
PMB No 3
Townsville MC
Queensland 4810
Australia
phone 07 4753 4241
e-mail: d.fenner@aims.gov.au
web: http://www.aims.gov.au
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Jun 20 02:09:10 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id CAA02562 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 20 Jun 1999 02:09:09 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id CAA22191; Sun, 20 Jun 1999 02:13:19 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma022179; Sun, 20 Jun 99 02:12:45 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sun, 20 Jun 1999 02:10:00 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id DAA19945; Sun, 20 Jun 1999 03:37:43 GMT
Message-Id: <199906200337.DAA19945@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: "Bruce Carlson" <carlson@soest.hawaii.edu>
To: Coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: internet corals
Date: Fri, 18 Jun 1999 11:17:28 -1000
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Bruce Carlson" <carlson@soest.hawaii.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 386
For those of you who were following the growth of the corals on the live =
camera on our web site, the coral has outgrown the picture so we will be =
replacing it with a different species.  Between April 5 and today (June =
18) the Montipora digitata grew 27 mm in height and now completely =
covers the metric ruler placed in the picture.  That represents 27mm / =
74 days =3D 0.36 mm/day or 13.32 cm on an annual basis.
We may try a larger-polyped coral, e.g., Caulastrea furcata when we =
re-set up the project later this month or in July.
Bruce Carlson
Waikiki Aquarium
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Jun 20 05:47:40 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id FAA04210 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 20 Jun 1999 05:47:39 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id FAA25296; Sun, 20 Jun 1999 05:53:20 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma025284; Sun, 20 Jun 99 05:52:58 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sun, 20 Jun 1999 05:50:14 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id HAA25655; Sun, 20 Jun 1999 07:27:50 GMT
Received: from ns.psi.calva.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id DAA25617; Sun, 20 Jun 1999 03:27:38 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from [154.15.19.177] (ip177.nanterre2.pub-ip.fr.psi.net [154.15.19.177])
	by ns.psi.calva.net (8.8.6/8.8.6) with SMTP id JAA18142;
	Sun, 20 Jun 1999 09:28:43 +0200 (MET DST)
Date: Sun, 20 Jun 1999 09:28:43 +0200 (MET DST)
X-Sender: fpl10@pop.calvacom.fr (Unverified)
Message-Id: <v01540b03b392549521eb@[154.15.19.137]>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
X-Mailer: Eudora F1.5.4
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: fpl10@calva.net (Fabrice POIRAUD-LAMBERT)
Subject: Back from Fiji
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: fpl10@calva.net (Fabrice POIRAUD-LAMBERT)
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id FAA04210
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 387
Hi All,
I'm just back from Fiji, and some of you asked me to provide some data, so
here are some.
Warning :
- The following comments are only based on observations I did (with almost
no tools other than my deep meter, temp meter, and my reef aquarist & Diver
knowledge).
- They are only relevant for the Rainbow reef (between Vanua Levu & Taveuni
islands), because I didn't have the chance to dive elsewhere.
- These information have been gathered during 20 dives and by talking to
local people.
- This report is for the period 5/06/99 - 17/06/99
- About coral problems reported below, I assume the following, based on my
experience :
        - a white coral skeleton implies a death since less than 1 week
        - a light yellow coral skeleton implies a death between 1 and 2
weeks (yellow color is given by growth of small filamentous algae)
Overall report :
- The Rainbow reef seems to suffered a lot during the last hurricanes : 40%
of the dive sites have been distroyed, some were displaying large colonies
of Turbinaria reniformis (more than one meter high). However, according to
divers I met and that were also in Fiji 3 years ago, it seems that this
reef has improved (more corals, more bigger fishes)
- I have seen the following corals problems on every sites I went :
        * Acanthaster planci : some sites (like the LEDGE) are highly
attacked. I would say that 20% of the hard corals have been parlty or
completely attacked in less than 2 (?) weeks (many skeletons still show a
pure white color). Some Professional Divers try to slow down this problem
by manualy removing Acanthaster from the reef each time they can.
        * (R)TN : Aside the Acanthaster attacks, I have seen what I called
(Rapid) Tissue Necrosis, with a Question Mark on "Rapid" because the only
clue I have to say that it's rapid is the skeleton color (pure white). I
have to say that I have seen Snails' Attacks also, but their impact seems
to me different than what I have seen. So, many species are suffering from
this (R)TN, which can be described by a loss of tissue starting from the
base of the small polyped colonies :
        - Seriatopora histrix (highly suffering)
        - Acropora sp (highly suffering)
        - Pocillopora sp
        - Stylophora sp
        - Herpolitha limax
        - Distichopora & Millepora (28 m depth)
        - Tubastrea micrantha
on some sites, some colonies have stopped their (R)TN (white skeleton was
no more visible). I would say that (R)TN started early May 99. There was no
WBD, RBD, BBD visible on these colonies...
        * Bleaching : Many species are partly or completly bleached.
However, bleaching is very low compared to (R)TN and Acanthaster attacks,
and only few colonies are showing a bleaching :
        - Montipora danae
        - Acropora sp (only on a site in shallow water (less than 10 m
depth) just near the cost : the rains could be the cause)
        - Platygyra daedalea (shallow reefs)
        - Sinularia (20 m depth)
The water temp was 26-27 C. It was raining quite often. The visibility is
often equal or under 15 m.
- Sites show between less than 5% to 100% coral coverage on shallow parts
(10 to 4 m depth). On some sites, many new hard coral colonies (Acropora,
Pocilloporidae, Montipora, Porites,...) are visible (meaning less than 10
cm high). On a old dead Acropora table, 1 meter square, I counted about 15
different young colonies.
- high growth rate on SPS is visible, according to tips color.
- 1 site has been reconstructed 5 years ago by a biologist => Acropora
colonies are now 1 meter high and are covering hundreds of square meters.
Conclusion :
I've been a bit disappointed by the sites I have seen. I would have bet
that they were amazing, but despite a Great SPS diversity in some (few)
sites, I found them less rich than what I have seen in Philippines for both
Fish and corals. But this conclusion could be false for all the other reefs
of Fiji !!
I'll have soon some underwater photos developped that show (R)TN and
bleaching, for the ones who want them.
If some of you can explain to me what could be the cause of the (R)TN I saw
in Fiji, but also in other countries, that would be great !
Hope this helps
Best Regards
Fabrice POIRAUD-LAMBERT
http://mars.reefkeepers.net
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Jun 22 09:24:47 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA29156 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 22 Jun 1999 09:24:46 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA03137; Tue, 22 Jun 1999 09:28:08 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma003080; Tue, 22 Jun 99 09:27:22 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 22 Jun 1999 09:24:25 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id KAA40163; Tue, 22 Jun 1999 10:39:01 GMT
Message-Id: <199906221039.KAA40163@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Mon, 21 Jun 1999 11:51:57 EDT
From: Kaimasa@aol.com
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Coral losing funding
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Kaimasa@aol.com
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 388
---------------------- Forwarded by Suesan Saucerman/R9/USEPA/US on 06/21/99
08:42 AM ---------------------------
Wendy Wiltse
06/18/99 08:08 PM
To:   dgulko@dar.ccmail.compuserve.com, ASEPA@samoatelco.com, Suesan
      Saucerman/R9/USEPA/US@EPA
cc:
Subject:  [Fwd: Coral Reef Federal Funding]
---------------------- Forwarded by Wendy Wiltse/R9/USEPA/US on 06/18/99 08:06
PM ---------------------------
allen.tom@noaa.gov on 06/18/99 05:17:57 AM
Please respond to allen.tom@noaa.gov
To:   carol.Carey@noaa.gov, Naomi.Mcintosh@noaa.gov, Kellie.Araki@noaa.gov,
      Claire.Cappelle@noaa.gov, Cindy.Hylkema@noaa.gov, Jean.Souza@noaa.gov,
      Kellie.Araki@noaa.gov, kale@maui.net, wild@aloha.net, pmiller@k12.hi.us,
      walterh@aloha.net, kayaking@maui.net, rpoirier@dbedt.hawaii.gov,
      nachtig@nosc.mil, lherman@hawaii.edu, captcoon@gte.net, claud@aloha.net,
      egardner@iniki.soest.hawaii.edu, Jharrigan@eha.health.state.hi.us,
      Robert.Schroeder@noaa.gov, billf@ceros.org, Wendy
Wiltse/R9/USEPA/US@EPA,
      kbeasley@cleanislands.com, greg@pacificwhale.org, ocean@lava.net,
      eugene.nitta@noaa.gov, harep@hula.net, cmacdona@dbedt.hawaii.gov,
      mtosatto@d14.uscg.mil, Brady.Phillips@ocrmhq.nos.noaa.gov,
      Stephanie.Thornton@ocrmhq.nos.noaa.gov, Nancy.Daschbach@noaa.gov,
      athline@aloha.net
cc:
Subject:  [Fwd: Coral Reef Federal Funding]
> ALOHA We have been advised by margaret Cummisky in Senator Inouye's
> office that the Republicans in the Senate were successful in cutting all
> funding for coral reef activities that was under the Lands Legacy
> Program in the President's year 2000.  Funding was suppose to be used to
> preserve the health and stability of coral reef ecosystems in the
> Western, Central Pacific.
> The funding ($10 million per year for five years) would have supported,
> in part, our U.S. Islands Coral Reef Initiative plan. WE MUST SAVE THIS
> PROGRAM.  We all have put too much work into the effort to loose now.
> Please encourage your Governors to get involved.  much mahalo
>
> We recommend that letters of support for restoration of the funds be
> sent immediately to the following:
>
> The Honorable Trent Lott, Senate Majority Leader, S-230 Capitol
> Building, Washington, D.C. 20510-7010
> The Honorable Tom Dascher, Senate Minority Leader, S-221 Capitol
> Building, Washington, D.C. 20510-7020
>
> The Honorable J. Dennis Hastert, Speaker of the House, H232 Capitol
> Building, Washington D.C> 20515-6501
> The Honorable Richard A. Gephardt, House Minority Leaders, H-204 Capitol
> Building, Washington, D.C. 20515-6537
>
> The Honorable Ted Stevens, Chairman, Senate Appropriations Committee,
> S-128 Capitol Building, Washington, D.C. 20510-6025
>
> The Honorable  Robert C. Byrd, Ranking Minority Member <same address as
> above>
>
> The Honorable  Judd Gregg, Chairman, Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice,
> State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies, Senate Appropriations
> Committee, S-146A Capitol Building, Washington, D.C. 20510-6027
>
> The Honorable  Ernest F. Hollings, Ranking Minority Member, <same
> subcommittee and address as above>
>
> The Honorable C.W. Bill Young, Chairman, House Committee on
> Appropriations, H218 Capitol Building, Washington, D.C. 20515-6015
>
> The Honorable David Obey, Ranking Minority Member <same as above>
>
> The Honorable Harold Rogers, Chairman, Subcommittee on Commerce,
> Justice, State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies, House Committee on
> Appropriations <same address as above>
>
> They also strongly encouraged letters to both the Hawaii full
> congressional delegation as well as the delegates from Guam and American
> Samoa and CNMI's Representative.  Copies of all letters should be faxed
> to Senator Inouye (202) 224-6747.
>
> Senator Inouye is planning to start a round of meetings early next week
> to try and get funding back in.
>
> --
> Jerry B. Norris
> Executive Director
> Pacific Basin Development Council
> 711 Kapiolani Blvd. #1075
> Honolulu, HI  96813-5214
> (808) 596-7229  Fax (808) 596-7249
--
Allen Tom
726 S. Kihei Rd.
Kihei  HI  96753
808-879-2818 voice
808-874-3815 fax
allen.tom@noaa.gov
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Jun 23 11:11:30 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA13892 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 23 Jun 1999 11:11:29 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA14884; Wed, 23 Jun 1999 11:15:41 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma014842; Wed, 23 Jun 99 11:15:13 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 23 Jun 1999 11:12:27 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA48544; Wed, 23 Jun 1999 14:24:44 GMT
Received: from mail.rdc1.il.home.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@reef.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA48321; Wed, 23 Jun 1999 10:24:27 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from c27294-a ([24.6.203.73]) by mail.rdc1.il.home.com
          (InterMail v4.01.01.00 201-229-111) with SMTP
          id <19990623142535.VQLC8809.mail.rdc1.il.home.com@c27294-a>;
          Wed, 23 Jun 1999 07:25:35 -0700
Message-Id: <4.1.19990623091336.009a9880@mail>
X-Sender: oshad@mail
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 4.1
Date: Wed, 23 Jun 1999 09:25:59 -0500
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Osha Gray Davidson <osha@pobox.com>
Subject: Support NOAA's Reef Work
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Osha Gray Davidson <osha@pobox.com>
Status: RO
X-Status: A
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 389
Dear Coral-Listers,
As a follow-up on Jerry Norris's request for letters of support for Senator
Inouye's effort to locate funding for programs that are already within
NOAA's mandate but which did not receive funding, we would like to draw your
attention to the following:
1. The House appropriators have not yet introduced the Commerce, Justice,
and State appropriations bill, which includes all NOAA activities, of which
the following are particularly relevant:
National Marine Sanctuaries:
$29 million to strengthen protections at 12 marine sanctuaries off
California, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Louisiana, Massachusetts, North
Carolina, Texas, Washington, and American Samoa, plan for future marine
sanctuaries, and expand outreach activities with coastal communities.
Coral reef restoration:
$10.3 million to protect coral reefs from pollution and other human impacts
and, in conjunction with the Department of the Interior, attempt to restore
injured reefs in Puerto Rico, Florida, Hawaii and U.S. territories, and
develop a coral nursery to grow donor material for restoration projects.
Bill Young of Florida is the Chair of this committee. To encourage the
House to support the proposal, write Rep. Young, send a copy to your state
representative (and others listed by Norris).
     Representative C.W. Bill Young
     Chair, Committee on Appropriations
     H218 The Capitol
     Washington, DC  20515
     202-225-5961 (V)
     202-225-9764 (F)
2. Complementary but different funding is potentially available in Senate
Bill S. 725, the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 1999, which is focused on
community based conservation and includes $4 million in authorizations. A
matching mechanism could double the amount! To voice your support, don't
delay, because the Subcommittee on Oceans and Fisheries's hearing is
scheduled next week, on June 30. Write a letter to Senator Snowe, who is the
Subcommittee's Chair, asking to have your written testimony included in the
hearing record, and send a copy to your own state senator.
     Senator Olympia J. Snowe
     Chair, Subcommittee on Oceans and Fisheries
     250 Russell Senate Office Building
     Washington, DC 20510
     Olympia@snowe.senate.gov
     202-224-5344.
Thanks for your attention!
Judy Lang and Osha Gray Davidson
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Jun 23 22:31:18 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id WAA18148 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 23 Jun 1999 22:31:18 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA29579; Wed, 23 Jun 1999 22:34:42 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma029566; Wed, 23 Jun 99 22:34:26 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 23 Jun 1999 22:31:40 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id CAA51915; Thu, 24 Jun 1999 02:01:08 GMT
Received: from jaguar1.usouthal.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id WAA52095; Wed, 23 Jun 1999 22:00:58 -0400 (EDT)
Received: (from raronson@localhost)
	by jaguar1.usouthal.edu (8.8.8+Sun/8.8.8) id VAA10500;
	Wed, 23 Jun 1999 21:02:06 -0500 (CDT)
Date: Wed, 23 Jun 1999 21:02:06 -0500 (CDT)
From: "Richard B. Aronson" <raronson@jaguar1.usouthal.edu>
Subject: 9icrs mini-symposia
To: Coral-List <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Message-Id: <Pine.3.88.9906232024.A10071-0100000@jaguar1.usouthal.edu>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; CHARSET=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Richard B. Aronson" <raronson@jaguar1.usouthal.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 390
Dear All,
The following message from David Hopley is a call for suggestions for
mini-symposia at the Bali meeting.  Please correspond with David
directly; his email address is listed at the bottom of the message.
Regards,
Rich Aronson
Corresponding Secretary, ISRS
9ICRS
Scientific Programme Committee
Call for Mini Symposium Topics
The Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium is scheduled for 23-27 October
2000 in Bali and arrangements for a successful conference are well underway.
For details and updated information visit our website at:
http://www.nova.edu/ocean/9icrs
Whilst the in-country arrangements are being made by our colleagues in
Indonesia, the scientific programme is being co-ordinated by a committee set
up by the International Society for Reef Studies.  This call for
mini-symposia topics comes from that committee.
A traditional and highly successful part of previous international Coral
Reef Symposia has been the practice of conducting mini-symposia within the
main programme, which focus on important and topical issues. Persons
interested in leading a mini-symposia and taking responsibility for
organising peer-review of papers within that mini-symposia should complete
Form 4 available on the website or contact the Scientific Programme
Committee Chair, Dr. David Hopley, directly.  Contact details are shown
below.
Examples of mini symposia topics from previous meetings can be obtained from
the published Proceedings of the Symposia.  Many of the issues highlighted
by these topics may still be highly relevant but imaginative new topics will
be most welcome.
Please note that the final date for submission of Mini-Symposia to the
Scientific Programme committee is 30 July 1999.  Subsequently the committee
will review proposals and put like minded proposers in contact with each
other with a view to amalgamation, where appropriate, by 15 September 1999.
It is hoped to have a draft programme of Mini-Symposia ready by mid October
1999 with a final programme of Mini-Symposia advertised on the home page by
mid November 1999.
We look forward to your imaginative and enthusiastic responses.
Dr. David Hopley
Chair Scientific Programme
C/- CRC Reef Research Centre
James Cook University
Townsville  Qld  4811
AUSTRALIA
Fax:          +61 7 4779 1400
Email:        David.Hopley@ultra.net.au
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Jun 24 13:40:33 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA01324 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 24 Jun 1999 13:40:33 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA09243; Thu, 24 Jun 1999 13:43:56 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma009162; Thu, 24 Jun 99 13:43:07 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 24 Jun 1999 13:40:12 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA39296; Thu, 24 Jun 1999 17:10:45 GMT
Message-Id: <199906241710.RAA39296@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Wed, 23 Jun 1999 16:15:50 -0400
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: "Caroly Shumway" <cshumway@neaq.org>
Subject: experimental simulation of eutrophication and sedimentation
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Caroly Shumway" <cshumway@neaq.org>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 391
Dear fellow Coral-listers,
I am just about to begin experiments looking at the effects of
eutrophication and sedimentation on visually guided behavior in damselfish.
This begins a long-term research effort on the importance of behavior in
aquatic conservation (Shumway, 1999). I wondered if anyone had suggestions
or references for how to mimic eutrophication and sedimentation in an
experimental tank? Also, does anyone have suggestions on dealers that can
help me quickly obtain Acanthochromis polyacanthis? Many thanks in advance!
I'll post the answers.
Sincerely, Dr. Caroly Shumway
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Jun 24 18:09:35 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id SAA16421 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 24 Jun 1999 18:09:34 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA01404; Thu, 24 Jun 1999 18:15:22 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma001383; Thu, 24 Jun 99 18:14:53 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 24 Jun 1999 18:12:07 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA57577; Thu, 24 Jun 1999 21:53:59 GMT
Received: from smtp5.mindspring.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA40585; Thu, 24 Jun 1999 17:53:53 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from bigfoot (pool-207-205-148-2.dlls.grid.net [207.205.148.2])
	by smtp5.mindspring.com (8.8.5/8.8.5) with SMTP id RAA06971
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 24 Jun 1999 17:55:00 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <001d01bebe8d$089c9be0$03000004@bigfoot>
From: "LT" <lt@travelin.com>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Thermal Tolerance?
Date: Thu, 24 Jun 1999 17:00:52 -0500
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_001A_01BEBE63.1DC76880"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.3110.1
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "LT" <lt@travelin.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 392
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_001A_01BEBE63.1DC76880
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Hello:
My name is Lloyd Thorndyke, and I am interested in any information that =
is available about temperature tolerance in corals.  Specifically, what =
species are tolerant and intolerant of temperature fluctuations.
Thanks in advance,
Lloyd
------=_NextPart_000_001A_01BEBE63.1DC76880
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META content=3Dtext/html;charset=3Diso-8859-1 =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D'"MSHTML 4.72.3110.7"' name=3DGENERATOR>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Hello:</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>My name is Lloyd Thorndyke, and I am =
interested=20
in any information that is available about temperature tolerance in=20
corals.&nbsp; Specifically, what species are tolerant and intolerant of=20
temperature fluctuations.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Thanks in advance,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Lloyd</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_000_001A_01BEBE63.1DC76880--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Jun 25 07:52:03 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id HAA18489 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 25 Jun 1999 07:52:02 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA20051; Fri, 25 Jun 1999 07:56:15 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma019998; Fri, 25 Jun 99 07:55:23 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 25 Jun 1999 07:52:37 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id LAA61377; Fri, 25 Jun 1999 11:31:18 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id HAA61410; Fri, 25 Jun 1999 07:31:13 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA18928; Fri, 25 Jun 1999 07:35:06 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma018896; Fri, 25 Jun 99 07:34:15 -0400
Received: from mermaid.blur (mermaid [172.16.105.1])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id HAA17782 for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 25 Jun 1999 07:28:26 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from localhost by mermaid.blur (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4)
	id HAA25759; Fri, 25 Jun 1999 07:30:50 -0400
Date: Fri, 25 Jun 1999 07:30:50 -0400 (EDT)
From: Jim Hendee <Jim.Hendee@noaa.gov>
X-Sender: hendee@mermaid
To: coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Coral Reef Protection Act of 1999
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.03.9906250722330.25754-100000@mermaid>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jim Hendee <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 393
Greetings, Coral-Listers,
	In case you're interested, you can see the bill introduced into
the U.S. Senate by Senator Inouye (Hawaii) and others on June 21, 1999
called the Coral Reef Protection Act of 1999 by searching for bill number
S.1253 at www.senate.gov.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Jun 25 14:18:48 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA02670 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 25 Jun 1999 14:18:47 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA29171; Fri, 25 Jun 1999 14:24:36 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma029063; Fri, 25 Jun 99 14:23:48 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 25 Jun 1999 14:20:59 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA63874; Fri, 25 Jun 1999 17:50:10 GMT
Received: from uclink4.berkeley.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA63863; Fri, 25 Jun 1999 13:50:03 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from [128.32.190.126] (lhs4mac36.LHS.Berkeley.EDU [128.32.190.126])
	by uclink4.berkeley.edu (8.8.8/8.8.8) with ESMTP id KAA13947
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 25 Jun 1999 10:51:09 -0700 (PDT)
Message-Id: <v03007804b39973c80660@[128.32.190.126]>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
X-mailer: Eudora Pro 3.0 for Macintosh
Date: Fri, 25 Jun 1999 09:59:59 -0800
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Sarah Christie <jacques@uclink4.berkeley.edu>
Subject: GBRMPA
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Sarah Christie <jacques@uclink4.berkeley.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 394
Anyone know the email address ofr GBRMPA? Thanks
Sarah Christie
Program Coordinator
MARE
Lawrence Hall of Science
University California, Berkeley
Ca 94720
Ph. 510-642-5008
Fax. 510-642-1055
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Jun 28 10:22:21 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA24153 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 28 Jun 1999 10:22:20 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA27054; Mon, 28 Jun 1999 10:25:46 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma027032; Mon, 28 Jun 99 10:25:36 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 28 Jun 1999 10:22:33 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA00831; Mon, 28 Jun 1999 13:51:28 GMT
Received: from smtp11.bellglobal.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id JAA00822; Mon, 28 Jun 1999 09:51:22 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from howzit.sympatico.ca (HSE-TOR-ppp28508.sympatico.ca [209.226.93.211])
	by smtp11.bellglobal.com (8.8.5/8.8.5) with SMTP id NAA12335;
	Sun, 27 Jun 1999 13:16:31 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <4.1.19990627124308.00a9f420@pop.vex.net>
Message-Id: <4.1.19990627124308.00a9f420@pop.vex.net>
X-Sender: howzit@pop.vex.net
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 4.1
Date: Sun, 27 Jun 1999 13:13:28 -0400
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, <ALGAE-L@listserv.heanet.ie>
From: Ursula Keuper-Bennett <howzit@turtles.org>
Subject: Cladophora "side effects" (if any)
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Ursula Keuper-Bennett <howzit@turtles.org>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 395
Hi all,
I am a lay person/recreational diver.  My husband and I dive each summer in
ocean off Honokowai, West Maui, Hawaii.  This area is blighted by such noxious
seaweeds as Hypnea musciformis since 1991.  We also fell victim to three
Cladophora blooms.  One in 1989, another (the worst) in 1991 and then a
"hiccup" in '92.
Last summer after many years of not seeing this green stuff, our dive site
experienced its fourth Cladophora bloom.
     <http://www.turtles.org/98green.jpg>
     <http://www.turtles.org/98brokn.jpg>
     <http://www.turtles.org/98elk.jpg>
I'm hoping someone has had experience with the "artifacts" of Cladophora blooms
on a coral reef system.  We already know this stuff can suffocate corals (that
happened in our first bloom of 1989).  Has anyone documented the effect a
Cladophora bloom has on various fauna?
We'll be diving this area again very soon and would appreciate a heads-up on
just what potential effects to look for a year after such a bloom.  Our old
videotape from previous blooms suggests that one species of fish actually
prospered during the blooms.  But we also figure perhaps the effects can work
the other way--negative impacts as well.
And for all we know we could find on our first dive that the green slime is
back for another kick at the kat!  Any advice on the Cladophora "Experience"
would be much appreciated.
And also a very strange question...which is better?  A Cladophora bloom that
eventually fades away or one that "crashes" and disappears within 48 hours
(that happened to us last summer and in 1992).
Thanks in advance.
-------------------------------------------------
              ^               Ursula Keuper-Bennett
             0 0              mailto: howzit@turtles.org
    /V^\             /^V\
  /V     Turtle Trax     V\    http://www.turtles.org
 /                         \
           Islands
    French Frigate Shoals
 Green sea turtles nest there
  Twenty-fifth Anniversary
           Silver
                    --Patrick H. (age 12)
          \       /    cinquaine poetry
          /  \ /  \
         /__| V |__\
       malama na honu
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Jun 28 10:23:21 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA24198 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 28 Jun 1999 10:23:21 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA27149; Mon, 28 Jun 1999 10:26:46 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma027080; Mon, 28 Jun 99 10:26:19 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 28 Jun 1999 10:23:25 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA40165; Tue, 22 Jun 1999 13:28:55 GMT
Message-Id: <199906221328.NAA40165@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Tue, 22 Jun 1999 11:13:58 +1100
From: lizard@amsg.austmus.gov.au (lizard)
Subject: Lizard Island Doctoral Fellowship 2000
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: lizard@amsg.austmus.gov.au (lizard)
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 397
                    LIZARD ISLAND RESEARCH STATION
                    GREAT BARRIER REEF, AUSTRALIA
    Applications are now invited for the 2000 Lizard Island Doctoral
    Fellowship.  The Fellowship provides funding for field work and
    equipment for a PhD student whose thesis research is based on
    coral reefs, of which a significant portion will be based at the
    Lizard Island Research Station.  It is worth up to A$6,000 per
    year for up to three years.  Funds for the first year of the 2000
    Fellowship will be available in March 2000.  For detailed
    information and application guidelines, see:
        www.austmus.gov.au/science/projects/lizard/lizfello.htm
                Applications close on 1 October 1999
    __________________________________________________________________
    Dr Anne Hoggett and Dr Lyle Vail, Directors
    Lizard Island Research Station
    PMB 37
    Cairns QLD 4871
    Australia
    Phone and fax: + 61 (0)7 4060-3977
    lizard@amsg.austmus.gov.au
    http://www.austmus.gov.au/science/projects/lizard/index.htm
    _________________________________________________________________
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Jun 28 11:05:24 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA27877 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 28 Jun 1999 11:05:23 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA01319; Mon, 28 Jun 1999 11:09:38 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma001294; Mon, 28 Jun 99 11:09:30 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 28 Jun 1999 11:06:27 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA01480; Mon, 28 Jun 1999 14:45:43 GMT
Received: from saturn.heartweb.ne.jp by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA01453; Mon, 28 Jun 1999 10:45:30 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by saturn.heartweb.ne.jp (3.7W) id QAA18625; Mon, 28 Jun 1999 16:02:00 +0900 (JST)
Received: by orion.heartweb.ne.jp (3.7W99052113) id QAA10199; Mon, 28 Jun 1999 16:03:30 +0900 (JST)
Message-Id: <37772205.971BB28C@wwf.or.jp>
Date: Mon, 28 Jun 1999 16:19:33 +0900
From: abemariko <abemariko@wwf.or.jp>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.01 [ja] (Win95; I)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral-list <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Re: GBRMPA
X-Priority: 3 (Normal)
References: <v03007804b39973c80660@[128.32.190.126]>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-2022-jp
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: abemariko <abemariko@wwf.or.jp>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 399
Dear Sarah Christie$B!!(J
> Anyone know the email address ofr GBRMPA? Thanks
Their homepage URL is;http://www.gbrmpa.gov.au/
e-mail address of rep. is;
registry@gbrmpa.gov.au
I hope above info helps.
Mariko Abe
webmaster
WWF Japan
http://wwfjapan.aaapc.co.jp
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Jul  1 08:34:34 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA19004 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 1 Jul 1999 08:34:33 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA05324; Thu, 1 Jul 1999 08:40:29 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma005303; Thu, 1 Jul 99 08:40:27 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 1 Jul 1999 08:37:40 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id LAA15073; Thu, 1 Jul 1999 11:58:25 GMT
Received: from mail.rdc1.il.home.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@reef.aoml.noaa.gov> id HAA21903; Thu, 1 Jul 1999 07:58:19 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from c27294-a ([24.6.203.73]) by mail.rdc1.il.home.com
          (InterMail v4.01.01.00 201-229-111) with SMTP
          id <19990701111359.UDXS8809.mail.rdc1.il.home.com@c27294-a>
          for <coral-list@reef.aoml.noaa.gov>;
          Thu, 1 Jul 1999 04:13:59 -0700
Message-Id: <4.1.19990701055808.00999c10@mail>
X-Sender: oshad@mail
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 4.1
Date: Thu, 01 Jul 1999 06:14:27 -0500
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Osha Gray Davidson <osha@pobox.com>
Subject: NOAA funding
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Osha Gray Davidson <osha@pobox.com>
Status: RO
X-Status: A
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 400
Dear Listers--
The US Congress is now considering funding bills for NOAA. For those
interested in the funding of NOAA's coral reef (and National Marine
Sanctuary) programs, here are a couple of URLs.
The first is on NOAA's site and has yesterday's testimony (June 30) by
Sally Yozell, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Oceans and Atmosphere, before
the Subcommittee on Oceans and Fisheries, Committee on Commerce, Science
and Transportation, US Sentate:
http://www.legislative.noaa.gov/yozcoraltst0630.htm
The second site is hosted by the Senate committee and includes links to the
testimonies of a few of those who testified on this topic yesterday.
http://www.senate.gov/~commerce/hearings/hearings.htm
The complete panel included:
Ms. C. Renee Cooper, Executive Director, Caribbean Marine Research Center
Dr. Cynthia Hunter, Curator, Waikiki Aquarium
Dr. Phillip Dustan, Science Advisor, the Cousteau Society
Mr. Michael Collins, Fishing guide, Islamorada, Florida
Dr. Michael Connor, Vice President for Programs and Exhibits, New England
	Aquarium, Central Wharf, Boston
If anyone has information on how these important bills are faring, could
you please share that information with the list? Thanks.
Cheers,
Osha
Osha Gray Davidson
14 S. Governor St.
Iowa City, IA 52240
Phone: 319-338-4778
http://members.home.net/oshad/books.htm
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Jul  1 12:21:31 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA00911 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 1 Jul 1999 12:21:30 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA24124; Thu, 1 Jul 1999 12:27:27 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma024088; Thu, 1 Jul 99 12:27:09 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 1 Jul 1999 12:24:09 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA22493; Thu, 1 Jul 1999 13:27:13 GMT
Received: from mail.rivnet.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id JAA21958; Thu, 1 Jul 1999 09:27:07 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from [205.130.32.207] (unverified [205.130.32.207]) by mail.rivnet.net
 (EMWAC SMTPRS 0.83) with SMTP id <B0001432037@mail.rivnet.net>;
 Thu, 01 Jul 1999 09:29:48 -0400
Message-Id: <B0001432037@mail.rivnet.net>
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express for Macintosh - 4.01 (297)
Date: Thu, 01 Jul 1999 09:31:37 -0400
Subject: NOAA Funding
From: "Judith Lang & Lynton Land" <JandL@rivnet.net>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Mime-version: 1.0
X-Priority: 3
Content-type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII"
Content-transfer-encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Judith Lang & Lynton Land" <JandL@rivnet.net>
Status: RO
X-Status: A
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 401
Dear US-based Listers,
Osha Davidson asked for information on how the NOAA funding bills are
faring.
I can't address that question, but here are some specifics about S. 1253,
courtesy of Dave Raney (d_raney@aloha.net, head of the Sierra Club's Coral
Reef Working Group, and the Pacific Non-Government Organization
Representative to the US Coral Reef Task Force):
According to Senator Inouye's office, the hearing record for the
Subcommittee will be held open for about another week from today to receive
additional written testimony. THAT MEANS THERE IS STILL TIME TO CONTRIBUTE A
LETTER IN SUPPORT OF CORAL REEF LEGISLATION!
The members of the Senate Subcommittee on Oceans and Fisheries are:
Sen. Olympia Snowe (R-ME), Chair
Sen. John Kerry (D-MA), Ranking Minority Member
Sen. Ted Stevens (R-AK)
Sen. Daniel Inouye (D-HI)
Sen. Slade Gorton (R-WA)
Sen. John Breaux (D-LA)
Sen. Kay Bailey Hutchison (R-TX)
S.1253 was co-sponsored by Subcommittee members, Inouye, Kerry, and Breaux
(also by Akaka, Boxer, Hollings, and Feinstein, who are not on the
Subcommittee).
A briefing sheet on S.1253, provided by Senator Inouye's office:
----------
Summary of Coral Reef Protection Act of 1999
Background: Coral reefs and coral reef ecosystems contain some of the
planet's richest biological diversity, habitats, and systems supporting
thousands of fish, invertebrates, reef algae, plankton, sea grasses, and
other species.  Coral reefs and coral reef ecosystems also have great
commercial, recreational, cultural, and esthetic value to human communities
as shoreline protection, areas of natural beauty, and sources of food,
pharmaceuticals, jobs, and revenues through a wide variety of activities
including education, research, tourism, and fishing.  Despite this
importance, little is currently known about the condition of coral reefs and
studies indicate that coral reefs continue to be degraded and severely
threatened by human and environmental impacts including land-based
pollution, overfishing, destructive fishing practices, vessel groundings,
and climate change.
Purpose: The Coral Reef Protection Act of 1999 would authorize
appropriations totaling $100 million over a period of five years to
preserve, sustain, and restore the health of U.S. coral reef ecosystems and
assist in the conservation and protection of coral reefs by supporting
conservation programs.  Additionally, this legislation would leverage the
federal dollars appropriated for these purposes by establishing a formal
mechanism for collecting and allocating matching monetary donations from the
private sector to be used for coral reef conservation projects.  This
authorization would support the President's Lands Legacy Initiative; the
Coral Reef Task Force, established last year by Presidential Executive
Order; the United States Coral Reef Initiative; and other ongoing efforts to
ensure the long-term health and sustainability of coral reef ecosystems.
Grants: The Coral Reef Protection Act of 1999 would authorize $15 million
per year in grants to support coral reef and coral reef ecosystem
conservation and restoration projects.  Any relevant State or territorial
natural resource management authority or other government authority with
jurisdiction over coral reefs or coral reef ecosystems, or educational or
non-governmental institutions with demonstrated expertise in the
conservation of coral reefs would be eligible to apply for these grants,
which would be administered by the Secretary of Commerce.  Except for
projects costing less than $25,000, or specific exemptions granted by the
Secretary, these grants would be subject to a 25% non-federal matching
requirement.
Coral Reef Conservation Fund: The Coral Reef Protection Act of 1999 would
authorize the Secretary to enter into an agreement to authorize a foundation
to solicit, receive, hold, and administer gifts an donations received to
further the purposes of this Act.  These funds could be combined with the
federal grant funds in support of coral reef conservation and restoration
projects.
National Program: The Coral Reef Protection Act of 1999 would authorize $5
million per year to directly support federal conservation and restoration
efforts.  It would also authorize the Secretary to enter into joint projects
with any Federal, State, territorial, or local authority, or provide
financial assistance to any person for coral reef conservation and
restoration projects.
Judy Lang
JandL@rivnet.net
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Jul  1 12:30:18 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA01291 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 1 Jul 1999 12:30:18 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA24866; Thu, 1 Jul 1999 12:34:35 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma024837; Thu, 1 Jul 99 12:34:19 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 1 Jul 1999 12:30:58 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA22806; Thu, 1 Jul 1999 14:14:07 GMT
Received: from umigw.miami.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA22748; Thu, 1 Jul 1999 10:14:02 -0400 (EDT)
Received: (qmail 11636 invoked from network); 1 Jul 1999 14:16:55 -0000
Received: from aszmant.rsmas.miami.edu (HELO szmant.rsmas.miami.edu) (129.171.104.19)
  by umigw.miami.edu with SMTP; 1 Jul 1999 14:16:55 -0000
Message-Id: <3.0.32.19990701100527.0071700c@mail.rsmas.miami.edu>
X-Sender: szmant@mail.rsmas.miami.edu
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0 (32)
Date: Thu, 01 Jul 1999 10:05:27 -0400
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Alina Szmant <aszmant@rsmas.miami.edu>
Subject: Change of Address
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Alina Szmant <aszmant@rsmas.miami.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 402
As of mid-July I will be moving to the University of North Carolina at
Wilmington.  Please note the new contact information in the second half of
my signature below.  Please use the UNCW address for all correspondence to
me regarding my editorship of Coral Reefs (new manuscripts, revised ones,
reviews, etc).
Many thanks,
Alina Szmant
*******************************************************************
PRESENT ADDRESS:
Dr. Alina M. Szmant
Coral Reef Research Group
Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science
University of Miami
4600 Rickenbacker Cswy
Miami FL 33149
tel:  (305)361-4609  fax:  (305)361-4600
email:  aszmant@rsmas.miami.edu
AFTER JULY 15th, 1999:
Department of Biology
University of North Carolina at Wilmington
601 South College Road
Wilmington  NC  28403
tel:  (910)962-3487  fax:  (910)962-4066
email:  szmanta@uncwil.edu
******************************************************************
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Jul  1 13:24:56 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA03711 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 1 Jul 1999 13:24:55 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA29140; Thu, 1 Jul 1999 13:28:18 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma029087; Thu, 1 Jul 99 13:27:36 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 1 Jul 1999 13:24:49 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA23608; Thu, 1 Jul 1999 16:30:38 GMT
Received: from umigw.miami.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA23654; Thu, 1 Jul 1999 12:30:32 -0400 (EDT)
Received: (qmail 22008 invoked from network); 1 Jul 1999 16:33:26 -0000
Received: from aszmant.rsmas.miami.edu (HELO szmant.rsmas.miami.edu) (129.171.104.19)
  by umigw.miami.edu with SMTP; 1 Jul 1999 16:33:26 -0000
Message-Id: <3.0.32.19990701122157.0068e178@mail.rsmas.miami.edu>
X-Sender: szmant@mail.rsmas.miami.edu
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0 (32)
Date: Thu, 01 Jul 1999 12:21:57 -0400
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Alina Szmant <aszmant@rsmas.miami.edu>
Subject: Special Issue of Coral Reefs
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/enriched; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Alina Szmant <aszmant@rsmas.miami.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 404
The following announcement will be published in Issue Number 3, Vol 18 of
<italic>Coral Reefs</italic>.  Here's an advance copy of the announcment
so that those of you interested in submitting papers can begin planning.
 Please pass on this information to other potential contributors that may
not suscribe to Coral List.
Many thanks,
Alina M. Szmant
Biological Editor of <italic>Coral Reefs
*****************************************************************************
</italic><bold>Special Issue on <italic>COMMUNITY DYNAMICS OF CORAL REEF
ALGAE
</italic></bold><italic>
</italic>The Editors of <italic>Coral Reefs</italic> invite submission of
manuscripts on the
processes underlying the dynamics of algae on coral reefs.  It has long
been recognized that productivity by benthic turfing and fleshy algae
is
essential to the ecology and trophodynamics of coral reefs, even though
the
biomass of these algae is often low.  There has been a gradual
broadening
in our understanding of coral reef algal dynamics over the past thirty
years: low algal biomass was initially attributed to the often low
nutrient
concentrations of tropical coral reef waters, the so-called 'paradox of
the
reef'.  Subsequent research added the concept of  'nutrient regulation'
of
algal communities, and the focus shifted to identifying previously
unrecognised nutrient sources, and to the role of  nutrient recycling
in
sustaining high rates of algal production.  More recent research
recognized
additionally the critical importance of high rates of herbivory in
controlling algal communities and biomass, and in stimulating higher
rates
of algal production. Within the past decade or more, dramatic increases
in
algal abundance have been widely reported, particularly on Caribbean
coral
reefs, suggesting that major changes in coral reef ecosystem function
have
occurred.
The purpose of this special issue is to bring together studies that can
further our understanding of how natural processes (e.g. upwelling,
herbivory, territoriality in damselfishes) and  anthropogenic factors
(e.g.
nutrification, fishing) contribute to the dynamics of algal assemblages
on
coral reefs.  Especially of interest are well-documented reports on the
causes of  algal blooms, the interplay between multiple factors
affecting
algal community structure and production, and coral-algal interactions.
Reviews, case studies and reef sites will be selected based on the
quality
of the science and the new insight they bring to understanding relevant
processes.
The special issue (approximately 12-15 manuscripts) will be published
in
mid-2000.  Prospective authors should first contact the Biological
Editor,
Alina M. Szmant by email <bold>(szmanta@uncwil.edu)</bold> or fax
(1-910-962-4066).  To
ensure timely publication, manuscripts should be submitted as soon as
possible to either Alina M. Szmant or one of the two Guest Editors
(Laurence McCook and Robert C. Carpenter) for the Special Issue:
Dr. Alina Szmant
Department of Biology
University of North Carolina Wilmington
601 S. College Rd
Wilmington NC 28403 USA
szmanta@uncwil.edu
Dr. Laurence McCook
Australian Institute of Marine Science
PMB 3 Townsville MC, Qld, 4810,
Australia.
l.mccook@aims.gov.au
Robert C. Carpenter
Professor
Department of Biology
California State University
Northridge, CA  91330-8303
(818) 677-3256
(818) 677-2034 FAX
EMAIL- robert.carpenter@csun.edu
For further details on manuscript preparation please consult the
Instructions for authors (see this issue or http://LINK.springer.de).
*******************************************************************
PRESENT ADDRESS:
Dr. Alina M. Szmant
Coral Reef Research Group
Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science
University of Miami
4600 Rickenbacker Cswy
Miami FL 33149
tel:  (305)361-4609  fax:  (305)361-4600
email:  aszmant@rsmas.miami.edu
AFTER JULY 15th, 1999:
Department of Biology
University of North Carolina at Wilmington
601 South College Road
Wilmington  NC  28403
tel:  (910)962-3487  fax:  (910)962-4066
email:  szmanta@uncwil.edu
******************************************************************
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Jul  1 15:00:11 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA08394 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 1 Jul 1999 15:00:10 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA11233; Thu, 1 Jul 1999 15:06:06 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma011096; Thu, 1 Jul 99 15:05:42 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 1 Jul 1999 15:02:48 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA24322; Thu, 1 Jul 1999 18:32:07 GMT
Message-Id: <199907011832.SAA24322@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Thu, 01 Jul 1999 13:50:40 -0400
From: Ben Haskell <Ben.Haskell@noaa.gov>
Organization: FKNMS
To: Coral list <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: 1998 Zone Performance Review
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Ben Haskell <ben.haskell@noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 405
Greetings-
My apologizes to all those people who requested a copy of our 1998 Zone
Performance Review and never received one but I was overwhelmed with the
response and decided to wait until we could post it on the World Wide Web.
It can now be viewed or downloaded at http://fpac.fsu.edu/tortugas. If
for some reason you cannot download it then send me an email and I will
send it to you via snail mail.
Enjoy,
Ben Haskell
Science Coordinator
NOAA/FKNMS
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Jul  2 10:53:07 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA25238 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 2 Jul 1999 10:53:07 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA27243; Fri, 2 Jul 1999 10:56:32 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma027194; Fri, 2 Jul 99 10:55:34 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 2 Jul 1999 10:52:43 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA29209; Fri, 2 Jul 1999 12:21:03 GMT
Received: from smtp1.erols.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id IAA29176; Fri, 2 Jul 1999 08:20:51 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from erols.com (207-172-243-18.s18.as3.rkv.md.dialup.rcn.com [207.172.243.18])
	by smtp1.erols.com (8.8.8/8.8.5) with ESMTP id IAA20577
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 2 Jul 1999 08:23:42 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <377CAF40.53011C2D@erols.com>
Date: Fri, 02 Jul 1999 08:23:28 -0400
From: John Ware <jware@erols.com>
Organization: SeaServices, Inc.
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.02 [en]C-DIAL  (Win95; U)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: "coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Dominica lab
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: John Ware <jware@erols.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 406
I remember that about a year or so ago, someone whose name I have lost
and forgotten was planning a marine lab on Dominica that should have
been opened this summer.
Does anyone have information about this lab?  Did it open? Who is point
of contact??
Thanks,
John
--
     *************************************************************
     *                                                           *
     *                       John R. Ware, PhD                   *
     *                          President                        *
     *                       SeaServices, Inc.                   *
     *                    19572 Club House Road                  *
     *                Montgomery Village, MD, 20886              *
     *                        301 987-8507                       *
     *                       jware@erols.com                     *
     *                      fax: 301 987-8531                    *
     *                                          _                *
     *                                         |                 *
     *   ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ *
     *                                        _|_                *
     *                                       | _ |               *
     *        _______________________________|   |________       *
     *     |\/__ Undersea Technology for the 21st Century \      *
     *     |/\____________________________________________/      *
     **************************************************************
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Jul  2 13:21:10 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA06370 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 2 Jul 1999 13:21:09 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA12460; Fri, 2 Jul 1999 13:24:33 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma012446; Fri, 2 Jul 99 13:24:25 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 2 Jul 1999 13:21:00 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA30108; Fri, 2 Jul 1999 14:58:11 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA30191; Fri, 2 Jul 1999 10:58:01 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA27914; Fri, 2 Jul 1999 11:03:39 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma027874; Fri, 2 Jul 99 11:03:22 -0400
Received: from mermaid.blur (mermaid [172.16.105.1])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA25557; Fri, 2 Jul 1999 10:57:22 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from localhost by mermaid.blur (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4)
	id KAA01941; Fri, 2 Jul 1999 10:59:55 -0400
Date: Fri, 2 Jul 1999 10:59:55 -0400 (EDT)
From: Jim Hendee <Jim.Hendee@noaa.gov>
X-Sender: hendee@mermaid
To: John Ware <jware@erols.com>
cc: "coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Re: Dominica lab
In-Reply-To: <377CAF40.53011C2D@erols.com>
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.03.9907021056030.1871-100000@mermaid>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jim Hendee <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 407
>From the new coral-list Welcome Message (not posted on the CHAMP Home
Page):
"6)  Archives
        Archives of all previous coral-list messages can be found at this
Web Page:
        http://www.coral.aoml.noaa.gov/lists/list-archives.html
Please review these messages on topics that may have already been
discussed in detail before you post new messages on the same topic."
	Cheers,
	Jim
On Fri, 2 Jul 1999, John Ware wrote:
> I remember that about a year or so ago, someone whose name I have lost
> and forgotten was planning a marine lab on Dominica that should have
> been opened this summer.
>
> Does anyone have information about this lab?  Did it open? Who is point
> of contact??
>
> Thanks,
>
> John
> --
>      *************************************************************
>      *                                                           *
>      *                       John R. Ware, PhD                   *
>      *                          President                        *
>      *                       SeaServices, Inc.                   *
>      *                    19572 Club House Road                  *
>      *                Montgomery Village, MD, 20886              *
>      *                        301 987-8507                       *
>      *                       jware@erols.com                     *
>      *                      fax: 301 987-8531                    *
>      *                                          _                *
>      *                                         |                 *
>      *   ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ *
>      *                                        _|_                *
>      *                                       | _ |               *
>      *        _______________________________|   |________       *
>      *     |\/__ Undersea Technology for the 21st Century \      *
>      *     |/\____________________________________________/      *
>      **************************************************************
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Jul  3 11:09:58 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA22900 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 3 Jul 1999 11:09:57 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA00430; Sat, 3 Jul 1999 11:14:15 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma000414; Sat, 3 Jul 99 11:13:40 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 3 Jul 1999 11:10:55 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA36638; Sat, 3 Jul 1999 12:30:45 GMT
Received: from mx03.together.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id IAA27999; Sat, 3 Jul 1999 08:30:38 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from GustavW (dial-64-MAX-SJVT-01.ramp.together.net [207.41.56.192])
	by mx03.together.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id IAA24062
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 3 Jul 1999 08:34:00 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <005401bec550$91d0fa40$c03829cf@GustavW.Verderber>
From: "Gustav W.  Verderber" <acmaea@together.net>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Galapagos and the Florida Keys
Date: Sat, 3 Jul 1999 08:35:40 -0400
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.3110.1
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Gustav W.  Verderber" <acmaea@together.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 408
Natural History and Interpretive Photo Workshops
There are still several spaces available for the October, 1999 Galapagos
tour.
The following programs are currently open for enrollment.  Workshops and
tours are led and organized by a nationally recognized naturalist and nature
photographer and are sponsored by non-profit conservation and environmental
research organizations.  Please consider offering these affordable
educational natural history experiences to students, faculty, staff and
anyone interested in seeing and learning about the natural wonders of Earth.
Workshops are principally field oriented and focus on the natural history,
ecology, conservation, ethnobotany, archeology, geology, and culture of the
region.  Naturalist guides are local experts.  Proceeds support conservation
and environmental education projects.
Interpretive Photo Workshops allow aspiring nature photographers to
accompany a professional photographer with credits that include the cover of
Natural History to photograph nature in some of the most splendid natural
areas on Earth.  Participants' photo work is critiqued before and after the
workshop and participants continue corresponding with the tour leader to
help them apply their photography in interpretive forums such as slide
shows, local and regional publications.
Undergraduate credits are available through Johnson State College for
attending and further study in related areas (environmental science,
biology, photography).
Detailed itineraries are available at the web site indicated below.
The Galapagos Islands
Dates: October 4 - 17, 1999
Length: 13 days/14 nights
Cost: $2,230.00 per person
Host/Workshop Coordinator: Gustav W. Verderber
Abstract: The nature of the Galapagos Islands including the famous tortoises
and marine iguanas will be our focus.  Also on the agenda are frigate birds,
blue-footed boobies, penguins, finches, sea lions, giant cacti, and
snorkeling over the coral gardens. During the second half of the trip we
will visit the Jatun Sacha Field Research Facility at the headwaters of the
Amazon River.  Guided and solo day and night hikes will take us deep into
the Amazon rainforest.
The Subtropical Marine Ecology of the Florida Keys
Dates: March 5-11, 2000
Length: 6 days/5 nights
Cost: $459.00 per person
Host/Workshop Coordinator: Gustav W. Verderber in association with the
Pigeon Key Foundation
Abstract: This natural history workshop will explore the coastal and shallow
submarine ecosystems of the Florida Keys.  We will be based at the Pigeon
Key marine education facility on the tropical paradise of Pigeon Key.
Barrier reef, mangrove, and terrestrial communities will be included as well
as a snorkel trip to the outer reef.  This workshop is an ideal introduction
to tropical ecosystems and marine biology.
With gratitude and respect,
Gustav W. Verderber
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Environmental Interpretation
Education  *  Natural History & Photo Tours  *  Photography  *  Writing
1999-2000 Tours: Acadia National Park/The Galapagos Islands/The Florida Keys
http://www.together.net/~acmaea
acmaea@together.net
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Jul  3 11:44:08 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA23033 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 3 Jul 1999 11:44:07 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA01011; Sat, 3 Jul 1999 11:48:27 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma000995; Sat, 3 Jul 99 11:47:55 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 3 Jul 1999 11:45:08 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA36667; Sat, 3 Jul 1999 13:15:31 GMT
Received: from mailbox.univie.ac.at by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id JAA36685; Sat, 3 Jul 1999 09:15:15 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from 131.130.152.132 (getoff.msp.univie.ac.at [131.130.152.132])
          by mailbox.univie.ac.at (8.8.8/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA48010; Sat, 3 Jul 1999 15:18:00 +0200
Message-Id: <199907031318.PAA48010@mailbox.univie.ac.at>
From: arnfried.antonius@univie.ac.at
Comments: Authenticated sender is a8731mca@mailbox.univie.ac.at
To: jware@erols.com, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Date:          Sat, 3 Jul 1999 15:05:24 +0000
Subject: Re: Dominica lab
X-Confirm-Reading-To: arnfried.antonius@univie.ac.at
X-pmrqc:       1
Priority: normal
X-mailer: Pegasus Mail/Mac (v2.2.1)
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: arnfried.antonius@univie.ac.at
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 409
Saludos Coraleros,
answering an inquiry by Dr. John Ware, I would like to distribute to all of you name and
address of the director of the new Institute for Tropical Marine Ecology (ITME) on
Dominica:
Dr. Sascha C.C. Steiner,  ITME,  Worcester,  NY 12197-0430,  USA
Phone/Fax :   (607) 397 9796
e-mail :   <sccs@ccpc.net>
web :   http://www.ccpc.net/-sccs
If you are looking for a terrific new marine lab in an unspoiled environment - this is it !!
Cheers,
Arnfried Antonius
---------------------------------------------------------------
Dr. Arnfried J. ANTONIUS               phone: 0043-1-31336-9734
Institute of Palaeontology             fax: 0043-1-31336-784
University of Vienna
Geozentrum
Althanstr. 14
A-1090 WIEN                        e-mail: arnfried.antonius@univie.ac.at
Austria
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Jul  4 14:06:57 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA28133 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 4 Jul 1999 14:06:57 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA02005; Sun, 4 Jul 1999 14:10:23 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma001992; Sun, 4 Jul 99 14:09:27 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sun, 4 Jul 1999 14:06:40 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA34882; Sun, 4 Jul 1999 13:26:16 GMT
Message-Id: <199907041326.NAA34882@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Sat, 03 Jul 1999 15:12:14 -0400
From: DeeVon Quirolo <DeeVon@bellsouth.net>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Reef Awareness Week
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: DeeVon Quirolo <DeeVon@bellsouth.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 410
Reef Awareness Week
Reef Relief is hosting several interesting events that may interest
coral reef scientists and researchers as part of our annual celebration
of the coral reef of the Florida Keys, Reef Awareness Week.   This
year's theme is Water Resources Partners....we all live downstream and a
full week of events are planned for July 25-August 1, 1999.
Reef Health: Measures of Change is the topic of the Scientific Panel
Discussion led by Reef Relief scientific advisors Dr. Brian Lapointe,
Dr. Bill Alevizon, Dr. James Porter, Florida Keys National Marine
Sanctuary Restoration Biologist Harold Hudson and Reef Relief Director
of Marine Projects Craig Quirolo.  The audience will have an opportunity
to participate.  Join us from 6-8:30 p.m. at the Hilton Resort & Marina,
Sunrise Room, 245 Front Street, Key West. The event will be followed by
a moonlight sail aboard the Schooner Western Union, departing from the
Historic Seaport at Key West Bight in Key West at 9 pm. Tickets are
$25/per person.
The Annual Reef Relief Membership Meeting will feature Dr. Brian
Lapointe's President's Report, Craig Quirolo's annual  State of the Reef
Report, and Dr. Donald Burke of Advanced Cognitive Technologies, who
will speak on Toward Zero Discharge.  The event is  Monday, July 26, at
6 pm at the Pier House Caribbean Spa, One Duval Street,  Key West.  Reef
Relief members are admitted free; others may join at the door. Tax
deductible annual dues are $20/year.
Dr. Bill Alevizon will present a luncheon talk entitled Fish Feeding by
Divers: Good for Business, Bad for Conservation at the Cheeca Lodge,
Mile Marker 82.5, Islamorada, FL. on Tuesday, July 27, 1999 at 11:30 am.
Luncheon reservations are $16 and reservations are recommended through
Reef Relief.  This event is co-sponsored by the Upper Keys Citizens
Association.
For a full schedule of events, check the Reef Awareness Week section on
our website located at www.reefrelief.org or contact Reef Relief at
reef@bellsouth.net. or (305) 294-3100.  Reef Relief is a non-profit
membership organization dedicated to protecting coral reefs through
local, regional and international efforts with headquarters at the Reef
Relief Environmental Center in Key West, Fl.
~~~~~~
DeeVon Quirolo, Project Director, REEF RELIEF
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Jul  5 03:49:16 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id DAA01129 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 5 Jul 1999 03:49:16 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id DAA19848; Mon, 5 Jul 1999 03:55:17 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma019834; Mon, 5 Jul 99 03:54:25 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 5 Jul 1999 03:51:38 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id EAA47550; Mon, 5 Jul 1999 04:55:52 GMT
Received: from uog9.uog.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id AAA47523; Mon, 5 Jul 1999 00:55:38 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from localhost by uog9.uog.edu (5.65v3.2/1.1.10.5/25Apr97-0522PM)
	id AA14350; Mon, 5 Jul 1999 15:23:31 +1000
Date: Mon, 5 Jul 1999 15:23:31 +1000 (GMT+1000)
From: Sandra L Romano <sromano@uog9.uog.edu>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: live sex!!!
Message-Id: <Pine.OSF.3.96.990705152159.12965P-100000@uog9.uog.edu>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Sandra L Romano <sromano@uog9.uog.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 411
Coral sex that is.... The corals started spawning in Guam last night and
should continue for the next 4 nights. We will be broadcasting live on the
web from about 8pm to midnight at http://live.guam.net.
   ========================================================================
   |								          |
   | Sandra L. Romano, PhD      | Email  : sromano@uog9.uog.edu           |
   | Research Associate         | Voice  : (671) 735-2176                 |
   | Marine Laboratory          | Fax    | (671) 734-6767
   | University of Guam         | Coordinates: 13.5N , 144.7E             |
   | UOG Station                | Time   : GMT+10    EST+15               |
   | Mangilao, Guam USA 96923                                             |
   ========================================================================
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Jul  5 21:40:03 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id VAA05819 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 5 Jul 1999 21:40:03 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA15235; Mon, 5 Jul 1999 21:43:30 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma015223; Mon, 5 Jul 99 21:43:06 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 5 Jul 1999 21:40:18 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id WAA52943; Mon, 5 Jul 1999 22:29:37 GMT
Received: from umigw.miami.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id SAA52772; Mon, 5 Jul 1999 18:29:26 -0400 (EDT)
Received: (qmail 9371 invoked from network); 5 Jul 1999 22:32:16 -0000
Received: from aszmant.rsmas.miami.edu (HELO szmant.rsmas.miami.edu) (129.171.104.19)
  by umigw.miami.edu with SMTP; 5 Jul 1999 22:32:16 -0000
Message-Id: <3.0.32.19990705182043.00694e44@mail.rsmas.miami.edu>
X-Sender: szmant@mail.rsmas.miami.edu
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0 (32)
Date: Mon, 05 Jul 1999 18:20:44 -0400
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Alina Szmant <aszmant@rsmas.miami.edu>
Subject: Special Issue of Coral Reefs on Community Dynamics of Coral Reef Algae
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Alina Szmant <aszmant@rsmas.miami.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 412
I have had several inquires as to the deadline for submission of
manuscripts for this issue.  The deadline for submissions is December 1,
1999.  All manuscripts received by that date should be able to be reviewed
and revised in time to meet the publisher's deadline for the special issue.
 Manuscripts received after that date will be processed as usual for the
journal, and accepted into the special issue if time and space allow.   I
am enclosing the Call for Papers below for those who may have missed the
first announcement.  In addition to the two Guest Editors announced
earlier, I am pleased to announce that Dr. Margaret W. Miller will also be
a Guest Editor for the Special Issue.  Her address is listed in the call
for papers:
********************************************************************
Special Issue on COMMUNITY DYNAMICS OF CORAL REEF ALGAE
The Editors of Coral Reefs invite submission of manuscripts on the
processes underlying the dynamics of algae on coral reefs.  It has long
been recognized that productivity by benthic turfing and fleshy algae  is
essential to the ecology and trophodynamics of coral reefs, even though the
biomass of these algae is often low.  There has been a gradual broadening
in our understanding of coral reef algal dynamics over the past thirty
years: low algal biomass was initially attributed to the often low nutrient
concentrations of tropical coral reef waters, the so-called 'paradox of the
reef'.  Subsequent research added the concept of  'nutrient regulation' of
algal communities, and the focus shifted to identifying previously
unrecognised nutrient sources, and to the role of  nutrient recycling  in
sustaining high rates of algal production.  More recent research recognized
additionally the critical importance of high rates of herbivory in
controlling algal communities and biomass, and in stimulating higher rates
of algal production. Within the past decade or more, dramatic increases in
algal abundance have been widely reported, particularly on Caribbean coral
reefs, suggesting that major changes in coral reef ecosystem function have
occurred.
The purpose of this special issue is to bring together studies that can
further our understanding of how natural processes (e.g. upwelling,
herbivory, territoriality in damselfishes) and  anthropogenic factors (e.g.
nutrification, fishing) contribute to the dynamics of algal assemblages on
coral reefs.  Especially of interest are well-documented reports on the
causes of  algal blooms, the interplay between multiple factors affecting
algal community structure and production, and coral-algal interactions.
Reviews, case studies and reef sites will be selected based on the quality
of the science and the new insight they bring to understanding relevant
processes.
The special issue (approximately 12-15 manuscripts) will be published  in
mid-2000.  Prospective authors should first contact the Biological Editor,
Alina M. Szmant by email (szmanta@uncwil.edu) or fax (1-910-962-4066).  To
ensure timely publication, manuscripts should be submitted as soon as
possible to either Alina M. Szmant or one of the three Guest Editors
(Laurence McCook, Robert C. Carpenter and Margaret W. Miller) for the
Special Issue:
Dr. Alina Szmant
Department of Biology
University of North Carolina Wilmington
601 S. College Rd
Wilmington NC 28403 USA
szmanta@uncwil.edu
Dr. Laurence McCook
Australian Institute of Marine Science
PMB 3 Townsville MC, Qld, 4810,
Australia.
l.mccook@aims.gov.au
Robert C. Carpenter
Professor
Department of Biology
California State University
Northridge, CA  91330-8303
(818) 677-3256
(818) 677-2034 FAX
EMAIL- robert.carpenter@csun.edu
Dr.  Margaret W. Miller
NMFS/SEFSC
75 Virginia Beach Dr.
Miami, FL 33149
305-361-4561
305-361-4562 (FAX)
margaret.w.miller@noaa.gov
For further details on manuscript preparation please consult the
Instructions for authors (see this issue or http://LINK.springer.de).
***********************************************************************
*******************************************************************
PRESENT ADDRESS:
Dr. Alina M. Szmant
Coral Reef Research Group
Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science
University of Miami
4600 Rickenbacker Cswy
Miami FL 33149
tel:  (305)361-4609  fax:  (305)361-4600
email:  aszmant@rsmas.miami.edu
AFTER JULY 15th, 1999:
Department of Biology
University of North Carolina at Wilmington
601 South College Road
Wilmington  NC  28403
tel:  (910)962-3487  fax:  (910)962-4066
email:  szmanta@uncwil.edu
******************************************************************
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Jul  6 20:23:00 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id UAA16729 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 6 Jul 1999 20:22:59 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA18060; Tue, 6 Jul 1999 20:27:21 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma018013; Tue, 6 Jul 99 20:27:06 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 6 Jul 1999 20:24:16 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA57777; Tue, 6 Jul 1999 21:35:43 GMT
Received: from linnaeus.bio.usyd.edu.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA57791; Tue, 6 Jul 1999 17:35:28 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from fungia.bio.usyd.edu.au (a08pc-211.bio.usyd.edu.AU [129.78.177.211])
	by linnaeus.bio.usyd.edu.au (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id HAA28027
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 7 Jul 1999 07:38:15 +1000 (EST)
From: "Ove Hoegh-Guldberg" <oveh@bio.usyd.edu.au>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Report on coral bleaching and climate change.
Date: Wed, 7 Jul 1999 07:39:26 +1000
Message-Id: <003d01bec7f8$06598720$d3b14e81@fungia.bio.usyd.edu.au>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Priority: 3 (Normal)
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook 8.5, Build 4.71.2173.0
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3
Importance: Normal
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Ove Hoegh-Guldberg" <oveh@bio.usyd.edu.au>
Status: RO
X-Status: A
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 413
If you are interested in reading the report on coral bleaching and climate
change, it can be found at the following site:
http://www.reef.edu.au/stuff
This study has been extensively reviewed by climatologists and biologists
and has been accepted for publication in Marine and Freshwater Research in
their 50th ann issue (out in Nov 99).
Ove Hoegh-Guldberg
Associate Professor
School of Biological Sciences
A08, University of Sydney
Ph: +61-2-9351-2389
Fx: +61-2-9351-4119
Http: www.reef.edu.au/OHG/
For educational fun: www.reef.edu.au
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Jul  7 10:28:37 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA18927 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 7 Jul 1999 10:28:36 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA26992; Wed, 7 Jul 1999 10:32:03 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma026868; Wed, 7 Jul 99 10:31:28 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 7 Jul 1999 10:28:39 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA62130; Wed, 7 Jul 1999 13:51:14 GMT
Received: from proxy3.ba.best.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id JAA64248; Wed, 7 Jul 1999 09:51:06 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from carterg.vip.best.com (dynamic57.pm03.san-mateo.best.com [205.149.174.185])
	by proxy3.ba.best.com (8.9.3/8.9.2/best.out) with ESMTP id GAA05481
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 7 Jul 1999 06:51:57 -0700 (PDT)
Message-Id: <37835BD8.F6D191DF@orf.org>
Date: Wed, 07 Jul 1999 06:53:28 -0700
From: "Greg L. Carter" <gcarter@orf.org>
Organization: Oceanic Resource Foundation
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.01 [en] (Win95; I)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Computers for the field
X-Priority: 3 (Normal)
X-Corel-MessageType: EMail
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Greg L. Carter" <gcarter@orf.org>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 414
Greetings coral-listers,
There was some discussion a while back regarding laptop computers
suitable for field use under harsh conditions. I have recently seen some
ads for the Panasonic Toughbook series of laptops. These are shown in
rain and other harsh conditions and are packaged in a magnesium case. I
personally cannot attest for the durability or reliability of these
computers but the retail price on the CF-27 was suggested to be $7500,
and the CF-25 to be $3000.
I have seen two of these computers advertised on the www.ebay.com
auctions site, and have found several listed in closed auctions. I also
did an internet search on "Panasonic Toughbook" and found several
discount retailers. Also check out www.panasonic.com/toughbook.
This is not intended to be an endorsement for the Panasonic computers or
ebay.com. I too an looking for a computer that can survive the beach and
salt spray while doing coral surveys and sea turtle work and thought I'd
pass on my findings.
Best regards, Greg
--
"Mother, mother ocean I have heard your call,
Wanted to sail upon your waters since I was three feet tall."
Jimmy Buffet
Greg L. Carter                                http://www.orf.org
gcarter@orf.org                     Oceanic Resource Foundation
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Jul  7 10:56:25 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA20404 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 7 Jul 1999 10:56:24 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA01648; Wed, 7 Jul 1999 11:00:46 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma001562; Wed, 7 Jul 99 10:59:56 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 7 Jul 1999 10:57:08 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA64846; Wed, 7 Jul 1999 14:34:13 GMT
Received: from merlin.rtpnc.epa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA64580; Wed, 7 Jul 1999 10:34:06 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from myrtle.rtpnc.epa.gov by epamail.epa.gov (PMDF V5.1-12 #26439)
 with ESMTP id <0FEI00784821O7@epamail.epa.gov> for
 coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Wed,  7 Jul 1999 10:34:35 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from RT-MAIL2.RTP.EPA.GOV by epamail.epa.gov (PMDF V5.1-12 #26438)
 with SMTP id <0FEI00G297RUOA@epamail.epa.gov> for
 coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Wed, 07 Jul 1999 10:19:06 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from RTPMAINHUB-Message_Server by RT-MAIL2.RTP.EPA.GOV with
 Novell_GroupWise; Wed, 07 Jul 1999 10:19:21 -0400
Date: Wed, 07 Jul 1999 10:19:04 -0400
From: DAVID POHLE <POHLE.DAVID@EPAMAIL.EPA.GOV>
Subject: Summary of Coral transplant Costs
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Message-Id: <s78329a9.083@RT-MAIL2.RTP.EPA.GOV>
MIME-version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Novell GroupWise 4.1
Content-type: text/plain
Content-disposition: inline
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: DAVID POHLE <POHLE.DAVID@EPAMAIL.EPA.GOV>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 415
Dear Coral-listers:
A little over a month ago I posted the message
below, asking if anyone knew the financial
cost of coral transplantation.  I received many
replies.  I apologize that I have not had time to
respond to each individually.
The cost figures that I received are
wide-ranging.  Depending on how I
extrapolate them, it seems that transplanting a
half-acre of coral heads could cost anywhere
from a few tens of thousands to over a million
dollars.  The most concrete response, from an
anonymous  source, was about $400,000
including five years of monitoring and room
and board for a team of four.
Many respondents said that transplanting
coral is rather futile, and that it would be better
to put the money towards research or
protection of remaining, undamaged reefs.
This contradicts other information that I have
previously obtained that describes high rates
of coral transplant success.  So the jury is still
deliberating regarding this issue.
Thank you to all who responded.
>>> DAVID POHLE
<POHLE.DAVID@epamail.epa.gov> 05/21/99
05:36pm >>>
Greetings:
I am new to the List, and I am wondering if
anyone could provide information regarding
the estimated cost of transplanting coral.
My government agency is currently
conducting the environmental review for a
proposed port relocation project in the U.S.
Virgin Islands.  The proposed entrance
channel to the new port would unavoidably
cut through a rock/rubble shoreline fringe that
has numerous live corals and sponges.
Specifically, if you were to sum up the bottom
coverage of each live coral or sponge, it
comes to a half acre.  The plan is for divers to
chisel off each coral head or sponge,
transport it about a few hundred meters to a
site with similar depth, water clarity, energy,
etc., and then glue it down.  Where corals are
attached to small boulders, the whole rock will
be transported with the coral intact.  Also, all
motile epifauna (sea urchins, etc.) will be
collected from the entrance channel area, and
also moved to the new location.
We imagine this will require extensive labor,
but little equipment.  Could anyone give a
rough estimate of the U.S. dollar cost of this
project?
Any help would be appreciated.
Thanks,
Dave Pohle
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Region 2 (New York, New Jersey, Puerto Rico
& U.S. Virgin Islands)
Wetlands Protection Section
New York, NY
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Jul  7 12:23:33 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA24642 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 7 Jul 1999 12:23:32 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA12049; Wed, 7 Jul 1999 12:26:58 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma011965; Wed, 7 Jul 99 12:26:11 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 7 Jul 1999 12:23:23 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA65605; Wed, 7 Jul 1999 15:56:34 GMT
Message-Id: <199907071556.PAA65605@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: "James Bass" <JAMESBASS@prodigy.net>
To: "Caribbean Biodiversity" <caribbean-biodiversity@egroups.com>,
        <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Dominica Lab
Date: Tue, 6 Jul 1999 19:31:41 -0400
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "James Bass" <JAMESBASS@prodigy.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 416
I suspect you are probably referring to the Institute for Tropical
Marine Ecology headed by Dr. Sascha Steiner.   The (very
comprehensive) webpage is:  http://www.itme.org
                                  Jim
__________________________________________________________________
John Ware wrote:
>
> I remember that about a year or so ago, someone whose name I have lost
> and forgotten was planning a marine lab on Dominica that should have
> been opened this summer.
>
> Does anyone have information about this lab?  Did it open? Who is point
> of contact??
>
> Thanks,
>
> John
> --
>      *************************************************************
>      *                                                           *
>      *                       John R. Ware, PhD                   *
>      *                          President                        *
>      *                       SeaServices, Inc.                   *
>      *                    19572 Club House Road                  *
>      *                Montgomery Village, MD, 20886              *
>      *                        301 987-8507                       *
>      *                       jware@erols.com                     *
>      *                      fax: 301 987-8531                    *
>      *                                          _                *
>      *                                         |                 *
>      *   ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ *
>      *                                        _|_                *
>      *                                       | _ |               *
>      *        _______________________________|   |________       *
>      *     |\/__ Undersea Technology for the 21st Century \      *
>      *     |/\____________________________________________/      *
>      **************************************************************
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Jul  7 13:00:20 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA27693 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 7 Jul 1999 13:00:19 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA16718; Wed, 7 Jul 1999 13:06:22 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma016676; Wed, 7 Jul 99 13:05:58 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 7 Jul 1999 13:03:06 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA66211; Wed, 7 Jul 1999 16:41:20 GMT
Received: from po4.wam.umd.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA66118; Wed, 7 Jul 1999 12:41:11 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from rac1.wam.umd.edu (root@rac1.wam.umd.edu [128.8.10.141])
	by po4.wam.umd.edu (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id MAA09794
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 7 Jul 1999 12:44:01 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from rac1.wam.umd.edu (sendmail@localhost [127.0.0.1])
	by rac1.wam.umd.edu (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id MAA19312
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 7 Jul 1999 12:44:00 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from localhost by rac1.wam.umd.edu (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id MAA19307
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 7 Jul 1999 12:43:56 -0400 (EDT)
X-Authentication-Warning: rac1.wam.umd.edu: mkgolden owned process doing -bs
Date: Wed, 7 Jul 1999 12:43:55 -0400 (EDT)
From: Marykate Golden <mkgolden@wam.umd.edu>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: e-mail address
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.10.9907071240470.16551-100000@rac1.wam.umd.edu>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Marykate Golden <mkgolden@wam.umd.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 417
I am looking for the e-mail address of one, Sylvia Earle.
Perhaps she is even reading this message?
Kate Golden
Student Researcher
Department of Biology
University of Maryland
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Jul  7 16:12:33 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA08844 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 7 Jul 1999 16:12:32 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA04414; Wed, 7 Jul 1999 16:15:59 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma004360; Wed, 7 Jul 99 16:14:59 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 7 Jul 1999 16:11:42 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA01169; Wed, 7 Jul 1999 19:45:33 GMT
Received: from wcs.winmarconsulting.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id PAA01164; Wed, 7 Jul 1999 15:45:26 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by 163.61.winmar.hypercon.com with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
	id <N9VP8B3H>; Wed, 7 Jul 1999 14:45:03 -0500
Message-Id: <9187DAFC4EB1D21196B50008C733ED9104CA34@163.61.winmar.hypercon.com>
From: James Wiseman <james@winmarconsulting.com>
To: "Coral-List (E-mail)" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: RE: Computers for the field
Date: Wed, 7 Jul 1999 14:44:56 -0500
MIME-Version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: James Wiseman <james@winmarconsulting.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 418
Hi Coral-listers,
I use computers offshore...as part of my job.  If you are interested in the
Toughbooks mentioned below, have a look at this month's Pen Computing
magazine.  Two different Toughbooks were reviewed...one of which is "water
resistant."  According to the reviewer, it does work in heavy rain, and is
also designed for use w/ work gloves, so work w/ neoprene gloves is probably
possible.
HTH,
James Wiseman
Winmar Consulting
Houston TX
> ads for the Panasonic Toughbook series of laptops. These are shown in
> rain and other harsh conditions and are packaged in a
> magnesium case. I
> personally cannot attest for the durability or reliability of these
> computers but the retail price on the CF-27 was suggested to be $7500,
> and the CF-25 to be $3000.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Jul  8 12:27:00 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA07079 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 8 Jul 1999 12:26:59 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA25772; Thu, 8 Jul 1999 12:30:25 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma025748; Thu, 8 Jul 99 12:30:21 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 8 Jul 1999 12:26:33 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA07169; Thu, 8 Jul 1999 15:50:41 GMT
Received: from ns1.carib-link.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA07212; Thu, 8 Jul 1999 11:50:30 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from pm9-8.carib-link.net (pm9-8.carib-link.net [196.29.66.8])
	by ns1.carib-link.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id LAA22890
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 8 Jul 1999 11:53:14 -0400
Received: by pm9-8.carib-link.net with Microsoft Mail
	id <01BEC938.C9AF1A00@pm9-8.carib-link.net>; Thu, 8 Jul 1999 11:55:35 -0400
Message-Id: <01BEC938.C9AF1A00@pm9-8.carib-link.net>
From: reia Guppy <rguppy@ima.gov.tt>
To: "'coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov'" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Underwater photography
Date: Thu, 8 Jul 1999 11:55:34 -0400
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: reia Guppy <rguppy@ima.gov.tt>
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id MAA07079
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 419
I just wanted to say thanks to all those who gave me suggestions and helpful hints to improving my underwater photography.  I really appreciate it.
Reia
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Jul  8 12:57:38 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA09013 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 8 Jul 1999 12:57:36 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA28239; Thu, 8 Jul 1999 13:01:57 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028204; Thu, 8 Jul 99 13:01:51 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 8 Jul 1999 12:59:04 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA07406; Thu, 8 Jul 1999 16:32:16 GMT
Received: from imo25.mx.aol.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA07444; Thu, 8 Jul 1999 12:32:05 -0400 (EDT)
From: EricHugo@aol.com
Received: from EricHugo@aol.com
	by imo25.mx.aol.com (IMOv20.21) id uAEHa04566 (4229);
	Thu, 8 Jul 1999 12:33:20 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <b5e21aa1.24b62ccf@aol.com>
Date: Thu, 8 Jul 1999 12:33:19 EDT
Subject: Re: Underwater photography
To: rguppy@ima.gov.tt, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Mailer: AOL for Macintosh sub 54
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: EricHugo@aol.com
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 420
In a message dated 7/8/99 10:12:39 AM, rguppy@ima.gov.tt writes:
<< I just wanted to say thanks to all those who gave me suggestions and
helpful hints to improving my underwater photography.  I really appreciate
it. >>
While I certainly appreciate the non-cluttering of this list at times, there
are also times when I (and I imagine others) would greatly benefit from some
of the private responses to questions.  This is without question one of those
times for me.
Reia, I don't know how others would feel, but I would certainly like to hear
about some of these suggestions made, in summary, privately, or publicly on
the list.  Despite some 20 years of photographing, there is still nothing
more annoying than trying to document something to find the shot is not
worthy of use.  I find this especially true today with the increasing
sediment loading on many reefs. It is becoming very difficult for this
amateur photographer to avoid backscatter from particulate matter even when
shooting at fairly close range.  The photos I took from the Florida reef
tract after the NCRI conference were absolutely abysmal.  I am going on a
research dive in St. Croix next week and am almost dreading the results.  I
thought at one time I could take some decent shots, but year after year they
seem to get worse as the visibility on reefs and the water clarity/color has
changed so dramatically in many locations.
Eric Borneman
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Jul  9 14:57:05 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA22639 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 9 Jul 1999 14:57:05 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA22544; Fri, 9 Jul 1999 15:03:12 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma022520; Fri, 9 Jul 99 15:03:08 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 9 Jul 1999 14:45:49 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA15263; Fri, 9 Jul 1999 16:11:13 GMT
Message-Id: <199907091611.QAA15263@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Fri, 09 Jul 1999 09:43:57 -0400
From: Roger Torstenson <rtorstenson@nodc.noaa.gov>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Earth System Monitor - quarterly newsletter
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Roger Torstenson <rtorstenson@nodc.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 421
Hello
Anyone on the list who would like to submit articles to the Earth System
Monitor (a NOAA publication), please let me know.  The lead article on the
June issue was on coral reef mapping and the Coral Reef Task Force which
encompasses the U.S. amd U.S. territories.  I would be happy to provide
any interested parties with information on the Monitor and what is
required for a submittal.  I am presently looking for articles to be
submitted no later than August 27, for inclusion into the September issue.
Thank you
Roger Torstenson
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Jul  9 17:10:48 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA29359 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 9 Jul 1999 17:10:48 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA05630; Fri, 9 Jul 1999 17:15:10 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma005606; Fri, 9 Jul 99 17:15:02 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 9 Jul 1999 17:12:05 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA16741; Fri, 9 Jul 1999 20:53:28 GMT
Received: from mail.naseej.com.sa by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA16705; Fri, 9 Jul 1999 16:53:18 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from fofyplfq (unverified [212.100.197.237]) by mail.naseej.com.sa
 (Vircom SMTPRS 1.0.178) with SMTP id <B0002611802@mail.naseej.com.sa> for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>;
 Fri, 9 Jul 1999 23:51:28 +0300
Message-Id: <000301beca4d$184f5f20$edc564d4@fofyplfq>
From: "Hany Tatwany" <Tatwany@naseej.com.sa>
To: "Coral-list" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: E-mail address of Dr. Barbara Brown
Date: Fri, 9 Jul 1999 20:05:45 +0300
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0021_01BECA46.6E18E7C0"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.3612.1700
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3612.1700
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Hany Tatwany" <Tatwany@naseej.com.sa>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 422
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_0021_01BECA46.6E18E7C0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="utf-7"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Greetings all coral-listers,
I am looking for the e-mail address of Dr. Barbara Brown of =
Newcastle-upon-Tyne, England.=20
Perhaps she is even reading this message?
Dr. Hany Tatwany
Director General of Wildlife Conservation
National Commission for Wildlife Conservation and Development (NCWCD)
Saudi Arabia
------=_NextPart_000_0021_01BECA46.6E18E7C0
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="utf-7"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
+ADwAIQ-DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC +ACI--//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN+ACIAPg-
+ADw-HTML+AD4-
+ADw-HEAD+AD4-
+ADw-META content+AD0AIg-text/html+ADs- charset+AD0-utf-7+ACI- =
http-equiv+AD0-Content-Type+AD4-
+ADw-META content+AD0-'+ACI-MSHTML 4.72.3612.1706+ACI-' =
name+AD0-GENERATOR+AD4-
+ADw-/HEAD+AD4-
+ADw-BODY bgColor+AD0AIw-ffffff+AD4-
+ADw-DIV+AD4APA-FONT color+AD0AIw-000000 face+AD0AIgAi- =
size+AD0-3+AD4-Greetings all=20
coral-listers,+ADw-BR+AD4APA-/FONT+AD4APA-/DIV+AD4-
+ADw-DIV+AD4APA-FONT color+AD0AIw-000000 face+AD0AIgAi- =
size+AD0-3+AD4APA-/FONT+AD4AJg-nbsp+ADsAPA-/DIV+AD4-
+ADw-DIV+AD4APA-FONT color+AD0AIw-000000 face+AD0AIgAi- size+AD0-3+AD4-I =
am looking for the e-mail address of=20
Dr. Barbara Brown of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, England. +ADw-BR+AD4-Perhaps =
she is even=20
reading this message?+ADw-BR+AD4APA-/FONT+AD4APA-/DIV+AD4-
+ADw-DIV+AD4APA-FONT color+AD0AIw-000000 face+AD0AIgAi- =
size+AD0-3+AD4APA-/FONT+AD4AJg-nbsp+ADsAPA-/DIV+AD4-
+ADw-DIV+AD4APA-FONT color+AD0AIw-000000 face+AD0AIgAi- =
size+AD0-3+AD4-Dr. Hany Tatwany+ADw-/FONT+AD4APA-/DIV+AD4-
+ADw-DIV+AD4APA-FONT size+AD0-3+AD4APA-FONT =
color+AD0AIw-000000+AD4-Director General of Wildlife=20
Conservation+ADw-/FONT+AD4APA-/FONT+AD4APA-FONT =
color+AD0AIw-000000+AD4APA-FONT =
size+AD0-3+AD4APA-/FONT+AD4APA-/FONT+AD4APA-/DIV+AD4-
+ADw-DIV+AD4APA-FONT size+AD0-3+AD4APA-FONT =
color+AD0AIw-000000+AD4-National Commission for Wildlife=20
Conservation and Development (NCWCD)+ADw-/FONT+AD4APA-/FONT+AD4APA-FONT =
color+AD0AIw-000000+AD4APA-FONT=20
size+AD0-3+AD4APA-/FONT+AD4APA-/FONT+AD4APA-/DIV+AD4-
+ADw-DIV+AD4APA-FONT color+AD0AIw-000000 face+AD0AIgAi- =
size+AD0-3+AD4-Saudi =
Arabia+ADw-/FONT+AD4APA-/DIV+AD4APA-/BODY+AD4APA-/HTML+AD4-
------=_NextPart_000_0021_01BECA46.6E18E7C0--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Jul  9 17:11:07 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA29520 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 9 Jul 1999 17:11:07 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA05839; Fri, 9 Jul 1999 17:17:13 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma005744; Fri, 9 Jul 99 17:16:10 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 9 Jul 1999 17:12:12 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA16692; Fri, 9 Jul 1999 20:53:43 GMT
Received: from mail.naseej.com.sa by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA16716; Fri, 9 Jul 1999 16:53:35 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from fofyplfq (unverified [212.100.197.237]) by mail.naseej.com.sa
 (Vircom SMTPRS 1.0.178) with SMTP id <B0002611807@mail.naseej.com.sa> for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>;
 Fri, 9 Jul 1999 23:51:38 +0300
Message-Id: <000701beca4d$1e9004c0$edc564d4@fofyplfq>
From: "Hany Tatwany" <Tatwany@naseej.com.sa>
To: "Coral-list" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: E-mail address of Mr. Richard Kenchington
Date: Fri, 9 Jul 1999 23:43:39 +0300
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="utf-7"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.3612.1700
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3612.1700
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Hany Tatwany" <Tatwany@naseej.com.sa>
Status: RO
X-Status: A
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 423
Greetings all Coral-listers,
I am looking for the e-mail address of Mr. Richard Kenchington, Executive
Officer, GBRMPA, Australia
Perhaps he is even reading this message?.
Dr. Hany Tatwany
Director General of Wildlife Conservation
National Commission for Wildlife Conservation and Development (NCWCD)
Saudi Arabia
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Jul  9 19:17:40 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id TAA02986 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 9 Jul 1999 19:17:39 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA13044; Fri, 9 Jul 1999 19:23:46 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma012986; Fri, 9 Jul 99 19:23:02 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 9 Jul 1999 19:19:33 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id XAA17251; Fri, 9 Jul 1999 23:02:47 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id TAA17209; Fri, 9 Jul 1999 19:02:36 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA12342; Fri, 9 Jul 1999 19:05:31 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma012327; Fri, 9 Jul 99 19:05:26 -0400
Received: from surf.blur (surf [172.16.100.3])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with ESMTP
	  id TAA02738 for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 9 Jul 1999 19:01:02 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from localhost by surf.blur (8.8.8+Sun/SMI-SVR4)
	id TAA21962; Fri, 9 Jul 1999 19:01:02 -0400 (EDT)
Date: Fri, 9 Jul 1999 19:01:02 -0400 (EDT)
From: Jim Hendee <Jim.Hendee@noaa.gov>
X-Sender: hendee@surf
To: coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Addresses of coral researchers
In-Reply-To: <000701beca4d$1e9004c0$edc564d4@fofyplfq>
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.03.9907091858150.21867-100000@surf>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jim Hendee <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 424
Dear Coral-Listers,
	Please remember to check the Online Coral Researchers Directory
(and other resources listed there) when you have a question about the
whereabouts and addresses of colleagues.  We try diligently to keep that
Directory up to date.
	See:  http://www.coral.noaa.gov
	Thanks!
	Cheers,
	Jim Hendee
	coral-list administrator
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Jul  9 19:27:46 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id TAA03057 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 9 Jul 1999 19:27:45 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA13364; Fri, 9 Jul 1999 19:33:53 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma013352; Fri, 9 Jul 99 19:33:37 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 9 Jul 1999 19:30:50 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id XAA17383; Fri, 9 Jul 1999 23:13:58 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id TAA15407; Fri, 9 Jul 1999 19:13:47 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA12674; Fri, 9 Jul 1999 19:16:42 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma012640; Fri, 9 Jul 99 19:16:34 -0400
Received: from surf.blur (surf [172.16.100.3])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with ESMTP
	  id TAA02898 for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 9 Jul 1999 19:12:10 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from localhost by surf.blur (8.8.8+Sun/SMI-SVR4)
	id TAA22059; Fri, 9 Jul 1999 19:12:10 -0400 (EDT)
Date: Fri, 9 Jul 1999 19:12:10 -0400 (EDT)
From: Jim Hendee <Jim.Hendee@noaa.gov>
X-Sender: hendee@surf
To: coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Addresses of coral researchers
In-Reply-To: <Pine.GSO.4.03.9907091858150.21867-100000@surf>
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.03.9907091910080.21867-100000@surf>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jim Hendee <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 425
In that same vein, if you DO look (see below) and don't find your address
or contact information, please let the CHAMP WebMaster
(gmoriss@aoml.noaa.gov) know!
Thanks, Jim
On Fri, 9 Jul 1999, Jim Hendee wrote:
>
> Dear Coral-Listers,
>
> 	Please remember to check the Online Coral Researchers Directory
> (and other resources listed there) when you have a question about the
> whereabouts and addresses of colleagues.  We try diligently to keep that
> Directory up to date.
>
> 	See:  http://www.coral.noaa.gov
>
> 	Thanks!
>
> 	Cheers,
> 	Jim Hendee
> 	coral-list administrator
>
>
>
>
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Jul 12 11:21:48 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA12110 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 12 Jul 1999 11:21:48 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA21072; Mon, 12 Jul 1999 11:27:58 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma020772; Mon, 12 Jul 99 11:27:06 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 12 Jul 1999 11:23:48 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA35074; Mon, 12 Jul 1999 14:37:05 GMT
Received: from seawifs.gsfc.nasa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA35112; Mon, 12 Jul 1999 10:36:59 -0400 (EDT)
Received: (from gene@localhost)
	by seawifs.gsfc.nasa.gov (8.9.1a/8.9.1a) id KAA20192;
	Mon, 12 Jul 1999 10:37:10 -0400 (EDT)
From: gene carl feldman <gene@seawifs.gsfc.nasa.gov>
Message-Id: <199907121437.KAA20192@seawifs.gsfc.nasa.gov>
Subject: SeaWiFS Data of Coral Reefs
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Date: Mon, 12 Jul 1999 10:37:10 -0400 (EDT)
Cc: gene@seawifs.gsfc.nasa.gov (gene carl feldman), jcampbe1@mail.hq.nasa.gov
X-Mailer: ELM [version 2.4 PL24 ME5a]
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: gene carl feldman <gene@seawifs.gsfc.nasa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 426
Good Morning,
This is just a short note to let everyone know that
for the past month we have been collecting 1 kilometer
SeaWiFS data over regions of the world's oceans that
are not currently covered by receiving stations on the
ground in an effort to build up a data set of cloud-free
images covering the world's coral reefs.  All these
images are being archived with the intention of working
on developing a SeaWiFS-derived baseline map of all potential
reef locations to:
	1) compare with the currently available maps
	of coral reefs such as the 1 kilometer Reefbase
	map and work with the appropriate groups on
	refining these products if possible
	2) develop the processing methodologies to best
	identify potential reefs with SeaWiFS data (a
	collaboration with NOAA is currently underway)
	3) make these data sets available to coral researchers.
We will be providing frequent updates as this activity
evolves but given the recent activity and sets of
recommendations coming out of the June conference on the
Use Of Remote Sensing Tools For Mapping And Monitoring Coral
Reefs, I just wanted to let people know that work has
already begun.
Best regards,
gene feldman
NASA/SeaWiFS Project
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Jul 14 16:02:19 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA17061 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 14 Jul 1999 16:02:18 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA28161; Wed, 14 Jul 1999 16:08:29 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028102; Wed, 14 Jul 99 16:07:57 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 14 Jul 1999 16:04:19 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA50034; Wed, 14 Jul 1999 19:22:30 GMT
Received: from earth.usgcrp.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id PAA50290; Wed, 14 Jul 1999 15:22:23 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from [198.116.134.12] (usgcrp12.usgcrp.gov [198.116.134.12])
	by earth.usgcrp.gov (8.8.7/8.8.7) with ESMTP id PAA07381;
	Wed, 14 Jul 1999 15:21:53 -0400
X-Sender: tsocci@earth.usgcrp.gov
Message-Id: <v04003a09b3b293edf4ec@[198.116.134.12]>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Date: Wed, 14 Jul 1999 15:23:42 -0400
To: tsocci@usgcrp.gov (Tony Socci)
From: Tony Socci <tsocci@usgcrp.gov>
Subject: July 19th US Global Change Seminar - "Origin, Impact, andImplications of the "Dead Zone" in the Gulf of Mexico"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Tony Socci <tsocci@usgcrp.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 427
                  U.S. Global Change Research Program Seminar Series
     Origin, Impact, and Implications of the "Dead Zone" in the Gulf of Mexico
What is the so-called "Dead Zone" in the Gulf of Mexico?  What are the
origins of the "Dead Zone"?  Is the "Dead Zone" a natural phenomenon or
is it a consequence of human activities, or both?  Are there similar "dead
zones" elsewhere?  How does the "dead zone" impact people and
ecosystems in the Gulf region and elsewhere?  Are there potential solutions
to the problem?
                                            Public Invited
                           Monday, July 19, 1999, 3:15-4:45 PM
                          Dirksen Senate Office Bldg., Room G-11
                                           Washington, DC
                                        Reception Following
INTRODUCTIONS:
Dr. Charles (Chip) Groat, Director, U.S. Geological Survey, Department
of the Interior, Reston, VA
SPEAKERS:
Dr. Nancy Rabalais, Professor, Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium
(LUMCON), Chauvin, LA
Dr. Donald Scavia, Chief Scientist for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration's (NOAA) National Ocean Service, and the Director of the
National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, Silver Spring, MD
Ms Tracy Huhns, R & K Fisheries, Lafitte, LA
                  Origin and Extent of the "Dead Zone"
Every spring the process begins and culminates in a vast region of
oxygen-starved ocean bottom that stretches along the Louisiana and Texas
coasts.  The phenomenon is known as hypoxia, but has been dubbed the "dead
zone" by environmentalists and fishermen. Hypoxia is defined by a dissolved
oxygen concentration in seawater of no more than 2 ppm (parts per million
in seawater).  At oxygen concentrations below this level fish trawlers are
unable to find or capture any live shrimp or bottom-dwelling fish in their
nets.  The low oxygen levels drive away fish, while bottom-dwellers such as
shrimp, crabs, snails, clams, starfish and worms eventually suffocate.
These features of an otherwise highly productive coastal ecosystem are
cause for concern since fisheries are a vital renewable resource of the
northern Gulf of Mexico.
Hypoxia results from a combination of natural and human-influenced factors.
The Mississippi River Basin is the third largest in the world, after the
Amazon and the Congo river basins, and drains about 41% of the conterminous
United States, a total of over 3,200,000 square kilometers, delivering
freshwater, sediments and nutrients to the Gulf of Mexico.  This drainage
basin includes all or part of 30 states, home to about 70 million people
and one of the most productive agricultural regions in the country with
over half (approximately 58%) of the total land area in the basin being
devoted to cropland.  The main stem of the Mississippi originates in
northern Minnesota and flows southward for more than 3700 kilometers to the
Gulf of Mexico; enroute the river is joined by the Missouri, Illinois,
Ohio, Arkansas and White rivers.
Upon entering the Gulf of Mexico, freshwater from the Mississippi
River drainage basin floats over the saltier, denser water of the Gulf,
resulting in a stratification of the water column.  This stratification
intensifies in the summer and prevents any oxygen housed within
the upper layers of the Gulf of Mexico from being introduced to the
bottom.  In addition, the Mississippi River discharge contains high
levels of nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus and silica, some of
which is natural but much of which is derived from the widespread
application of fertilizers on farmlands that drain into the Mississippi
River and ultimately, into the Gulf of Mexico.  As in the case of
fertilizers applied to grasses or crops, these nutrients stimulate the
growth of phytoplankton (microscopic plants or algae) in the
surface waters of the Gulf.  These microscopic plants, in turn, support the
rest of the marine food web.  However, as these plants die and sink to the
bottom, the natural decomposition of this dead plant material depletes
the deeper waters of the Gulf of Mexico of what little oxygen it may contain.
Over the last four decades the amount of nitrogen delivered by the
Mississippi River basin has tripled.  More carbon is now being produced by
algae than was the case historically, and conditions of oxygen stress have
worsened.  This same process of hypoxia occurs elsewhere in the world where
humans have altered river chemistry.  Notable examples are the Black Sea,
Baltic Sea, Adriatic Sea, Chesapeake Bay, Long Island Sound, and the
Pamlico-Albemarle Sound.  The hypoxic zone in the northern Gulf of Mexico
is the third largest in the world and covers an area of ocean bottom 3,000
to 4,000 square miles in mid-summer, an area equal in size to the state of
New Jersey.
Given the natural conditions of the northern Gulf of Mexico as the
recipient of large quantities of freshwater and nutrients, it is logical to
assume that hypoxia has always occurred in the Gulf.  However, the first
documented hypoxic condition along the Louisiana coast was in 1972.
Thereafter, systematic sampling of the waters began in 1985.  Thus, the
modern observational database from which to determine long-term trends is
minimal. However, the accumulation of centuries of sediment that now make
up the Mississippi River delta can be used to reconstruct a reliable suite
of indirect measures of historical environmental changes in the Gulf
region.
Analyses of these sediments indicate that carbon production has increased,
the productivity of phytoplankton, and in particular diatoms (microscopic
marine plants whose skeletons are composed of natural glass), has
increased, and oxygen conditions have worsened.  Some of the changes date
back to the turn of the century, but the problems have noticeably worsened
and accelerated since the late 1940s and early 1950s.
This scenario of worsening oxygen conditions in coastal waters of the Gulf
of Mexico adjacent to the nitrogen-enriched effluent of the Mississippi
River has obvious consequences to living resources and humans.  Similar
situations now exist throughout the world's coastal ocean regions where
environmental disruption caused by a planetary overload of nitrogen is
emerging as a new global concern.  Smaller ecosystems with nutrient
enrichment problems have been able to rebound when management interventions
have resulted in a reduction in the amount of nitrogen entering the systems
in question.  The scale of the Mississippi River watershed and the size of
the hypoxia zone in the Gulf however, are daunting barriers to success
which is likely to come slowly.
                  Human Impact and Possible Remedies
Since the early 1900s the hydrology of the Mississippi River system has
been altered by levies, locks, dams and reservoirs that have in turn led to
dramatic changes in the transport of water, sediments and nutrients from
throughout the basin into the Gulf.  Changes in agricultural practices over
time, such as the use of tile-drains agricultural lands, ditches and other
means to lower the water table and increase the efficiency of farming
methods, have hastened the transport of water from the landscape to the
river system and subsequently to the Gulf.  Nitrate, which is the most
soluble and mobile form of nitrogen, is easily leached from the soils into
these efficient drainage systems and is subsequently delivered much more
rapidly from the land to the Mississippi River system, which has led to a
larger nutrient flux to rivers in the basin and ultimately into the Gulf of
Mexico over time.  While long term historical data on nitrogen
concentrations in the basin are spotty, recent data suggest that average
influx of nitrate to the Gulf of Mexico has nearly tripled in the last four
decades resulting in a mean annual influx of 1.6 million metric tons of
nitrogen per year.  Models suggest that fertilizer and the soil inorganic
nitrogen pool are the largest source of this nitrogen, contributing
approximately half of the annual total nitrogen flux from the basin to the
Gulf.
Coincident with the change in nitrate flux has been changes in both the
average streamflow and the interannual variability of streamflow throughout
the Mississippi River basin. Over the last 100 years, annual precipitation
in most sites in the Mississippi River basin has increased by 5 to 20%,
coincident with a nationwide average increase in precipitation of 10 to
20%.  Similarly, US Geological Survey data indicates that streamflow for
the Mississippi was 30% higher during 1980-1996 than between 1955-1970.
Streamflow also appears to have been more variable during the last 15 to 20
years, and this variability has been shown to be strongly correlated with
nitrate flux.  In general, during dry years there is little rainfall to
transport nitrogen from the soil and unsaturated zones to streams and
nitrogen flux (particularly nitrate) is low.  Nitrate levels have been
demonstrated to build up in soils during dry years, largely as a result of
reduced uptake by crops.  By contrast, during periods of heavy
precipitation nitrate that has accumulated in the soil can be flushed into
streams via agricultural drains, ground water discharge and overland flow
at much higher rates than usual.  Thus wet years which follow dry years
tend to produce the largest influx of nitrate from the basin to the Gulf.
For example, data indicate that only a small area of hypoxic waters
developed in the Gulf during the 1988 drought, but the massive amount of
nitrogen introduced during the flood of 1993 caused the hypoxic zone to
more than double in size.  In fact, the drought of 1988 and the flooding of
1993 suggest that abrupt and short-term climate events such as the El Nino
Southern Oscillation (ENSO) can greatly influence the development and
extent of hypoxia in the Gulf.
The influx of nitrate to the Gulf of Mexico is likely to respond quickly
and dramatically to future changes in precipitation patterns and the timing
of precipitation.  Currently, most general circulation models (GCMs)
project that increases in temperature are likely to result in a more
vigorous hydrological cycle.  Recent observations on water vapor appear to
validate this projection.  However, the most significant projected impacts
from GCMs, for both the Mississippi River Basin and the Gulf of Mexico, are
likely to result from changes in the frequency and intensity of extreme and
short-lived events such as droughts, floods hurricanes, and El Nino/La Nina
phenomena.
In considering an array of potential options for mitigating or alleviating
altogether, the hypoxic condition in the Gulf, one of the most attractive
and potentially effective options for reducing the amount of nitrogen and
other nutrients coming into the Gulf might be to create and restore
strategically-placed wetlands and riparian zones where they can maximally
intercept agricultural drainage and thus optimize nitrogen removal through
plant uptake and denitrification.  The construction and restoration of
strategically-placed wetlands would not only contribute to the reduction of
nitrogen coming into the Gulf, thus decreasing the hypoxia, but would also
serve as sinks for carbon dioxide.  Other benefits would include
improvements in stream and river water quality and drinking water
protection, enhancing terrestrial wildlife in river corridors, and
providing increased flood protection.  The latter is especially
significant.  If future climate change increases the vulnerability of the
Mississippi River Basin to flood events, the combined effects of reducing
nutrient loading while increasing flood protection would clearly benefit
beleaguered ecosystems and people alike.
                                      Biographies
Dr. Nancy Rabalais is a Professor at the Louisiana Universities Marine
Consortium (LUMCON) where she has resided since 1983.  She teaches marine
science courses at LUMCON and in the Department of Oceanography and Coastal
Sciences at Louisiana State University.  Dr.  Rabalais' research interests
include the dynamics of hypoxic (oxygen deficient) environments,
interactions of large rivers with the coastal ocean, estuarine and coastal
eutrophication, benthic ecology, and environmental effects of habitat
alterations and contaminants.  Dr. Rabalais is a Fellow of the American
Association for the Advancement of Science, President of the Estuarine
Research Federation, and an Aldo Leopold Leadership Program Fellow.  She
has also recently been named as the recipient of the Blasker Award for
Science and Engineering for her outstanding scientific work on identifying
and understanding the linkages between the Mississippi River drainage basin
and the Gulf of Mexico.  Dr. Rabalais earned her Ph.D. in Zoology from the
University of Texas at Austin in 1983, and her BS and MS degrees in Biology
from Texas A&I University, Kingsville, in 1972 and 1975, respectively.
Dr. Donald Scavia is the Chief Scientist for the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) National Ocean Service and the Director
of  the  National  Centers  for  Coastal Ocean Science.  Prior to taking on
these new roles, Dr. Scavia was Director of  NOAA's Coastal Ocean Program
(COP).  Before  coming  to  the  COP,  Dr.  Scavia was a research scientist
at  NOAA's  Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory (GLERL) in Ann
Arbor, Michigan.  While at  GLERL  he  carried  out  a broad range of field
and laboratory  research and modeling studies on ecosystems of the Great
Lakes, with  particular  emphasis  on  food-web  dynamics  and nutrient
cycling.   He  has  served  on the Board of Directors of the International
Association for Great Lakes Research and the American Society of Limnology
and Oceanography, and is currently an Associate Editor for the journal
Estuaries.  He  has  served  in the following capacities under the
President's  Science  Advisor: Chair of the Subcommittee on U.S. Coastal
Ocean Science; Executive Secretary for the Subcommittee on Water Resources,
Coastal  and  Marine Environments; co-chair of the Ecosystem Working Group;
and co-chair of the Subcommittee on Ecological Systems.  Dr. Scavia  holds
a Ph.D. in Water Resources Engineering from the University of Michigan, and
BS and MS degrees in Environmental Engineering from Rensselaer Polytechnic
Institute.
Ms Tracy Kuhns - No biography was available at the time of the printing.
The Next Seminar is scheduled for September 22, 1999
Tentative Topic: Drivers of Climate Change
For more information please contact:
Anthony D. Socci, Ph.D., U.S. Global Change Research Program Office, 400
Virginia Ave. SW, Suite 750, Washington, DC 20024; Telephone: (202)
314-2235; Fax: (202) 488-8681 E-Mail: TSOCCI@USGCRP.GOV.
Additional information on the U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP)
and this Seminar Series is available on the USGCRP Home Page at:
http://www.usgcrp.gov.  A complete archive of seminar summaries can also be
found at this site.  Normally these seminars are held on the second Monday
of each month.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Jul 14 16:02:19 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA17061 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 14 Jul 1999 16:02:18 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA28161; Wed, 14 Jul 1999 16:08:29 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028102; Wed, 14 Jul 99 16:07:57 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 14 Jul 1999 16:04:19 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA50034; Wed, 14 Jul 1999 19:22:30 GMT
Received: from earth.usgcrp.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id PAA50290; Wed, 14 Jul 1999 15:22:23 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from [198.116.134.12] (usgcrp12.usgcrp.gov [198.116.134.12])
	by earth.usgcrp.gov (8.8.7/8.8.7) with ESMTP id PAA07381;
	Wed, 14 Jul 1999 15:21:53 -0400
X-Sender: tsocci@earth.usgcrp.gov
Message-Id: <v04003a09b3b293edf4ec@[198.116.134.12]>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Date: Wed, 14 Jul 1999 15:23:42 -0400
To: tsocci@usgcrp.gov (Tony Socci)
From: Tony Socci <tsocci@usgcrp.gov>
Subject: July 19th US Global Change Seminar - "Origin, Impact, andImplications of the "Dead Zone" in the Gulf of Mexico"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Tony Socci <tsocci@usgcrp.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 428
                  U.S. Global Change Research Program Seminar Series
     Origin, Impact, and Implications of the "Dead Zone" in the Gulf of Mexico
What is the so-called "Dead Zone" in the Gulf of Mexico?  What are the
origins of the "Dead Zone"?  Is the "Dead Zone" a natural phenomenon or
is it a consequence of human activities, or both?  Are there similar "dead
zones" elsewhere?  How does the "dead zone" impact people and
ecosystems in the Gulf region and elsewhere?  Are there potential solutions
to the problem?
                                            Public Invited
                           Monday, July 19, 1999, 3:15-4:45 PM
                          Dirksen Senate Office Bldg., Room G-11
                                           Washington, DC
                                        Reception Following
INTRODUCTIONS:
Dr. Charles (Chip) Groat, Director, U.S. Geological Survey, Department
of the Interior, Reston, VA
SPEAKERS:
Dr. Nancy Rabalais, Professor, Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium
(LUMCON), Chauvin, LA
Dr. Donald Scavia, Chief Scientist for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration's (NOAA) National Ocean Service, and the Director of the
National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, Silver Spring, MD
Ms Tracy Huhns, R & K Fisheries, Lafitte, LA
                  Origin and Extent of the "Dead Zone"
Every spring the process begins and culminates in a vast region of
oxygen-starved ocean bottom that stretches along the Louisiana and Texas
coasts.  The phenomenon is known as hypoxia, but has been dubbed the "dead
zone" by environmentalists and fishermen. Hypoxia is defined by a dissolved
oxygen concentration in seawater of no more than 2 ppm (parts per million
in seawater).  At oxygen concentrations below this level fish trawlers are
unable to find or capture any live shrimp or bottom-dwelling fish in their
nets.  The low oxygen levels drive away fish, while bottom-dwellers such as
shrimp, crabs, snails, clams, starfish and worms eventually suffocate.
These features of an otherwise highly productive coastal ecosystem are
cause for concern since fisheries are a vital renewable resource of the
northern Gulf of Mexico.
Hypoxia results from a combination of natural and human-influenced factors.
The Mississippi River Basin is the third largest in the world, after the
Amazon and the Congo river basins, and drains about 41% of the conterminous
United States, a total of over 3,200,000 square kilometers, delivering
freshwater, sediments and nutrients to the Gulf of Mexico.  This drainage
basin includes all or part of 30 states, home to about 70 million people
and one of the most productive agricultural regions in the country with
over half (approximately 58%) of the total land area in the basin being
devoted to cropland.  The main stem of the Mississippi originates in
northern Minnesota and flows southward for more than 3700 kilometers to the
Gulf of Mexico; enroute the river is joined by the Missouri, Illinois,
Ohio, Arkansas and White rivers.
Upon entering the Gulf of Mexico, freshwater from the Mississippi
River drainage basin floats over the saltier, denser water of the Gulf,
resulting in a stratification of the water column.  This stratification
intensifies in the summer and prevents any oxygen housed within
the upper layers of the Gulf of Mexico from being introduced to the
bottom.  In addition, the Mississippi River discharge contains high
levels of nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus and silica, some of
which is natural but much of which is derived from the widespread
application of fertilizers on farmlands that drain into the Mississippi
River and ultimately, into the Gulf of Mexico.  As in the case of
fertilizers applied to grasses or crops, these nutrients stimulate the
growth of phytoplankton (microscopic plants or algae) in the
surface waters of the Gulf.  These microscopic plants, in turn, support the
rest of the marine food web.  However, as these plants die and sink to the
bottom, the natural decomposition of this dead plant material depletes
the deeper waters of the Gulf of Mexico of what little oxygen it may contain.
Over the last four decades the amount of nitrogen delivered by the
Mississippi River basin has tripled.  More carbon is now being produced by
algae than was the case historically, and conditions of oxygen stress have
worsened.  This same process of hypoxia occurs elsewhere in the world where
humans have altered river chemistry.  Notable examples are the Black Sea,
Baltic Sea, Adriatic Sea, Chesapeake Bay, Long Island Sound, and the
Pamlico-Albemarle Sound.  The hypoxic zone in the northern Gulf of Mexico
is the third largest in the world and covers an area of ocean bottom 3,000
to 4,000 square miles in mid-summer, an area equal in size to the state of
New Jersey.
Given the natural conditions of the northern Gulf of Mexico as the
recipient of large quantities of freshwater and nutrients, it is logical to
assume that hypoxia has always occurred in the Gulf.  However, the first
documented hypoxic condition along the Louisiana coast was in 1972.
Thereafter, systematic sampling of the waters began in 1985.  Thus, the
modern observational database from which to determine long-term trends is
minimal. However, the accumulation of centuries of sediment that now make
up the Mississippi River delta can be used to reconstruct a reliable suite
of indirect measures of historical environmental changes in the Gulf
region.
Analyses of these sediments indicate that carbon production has increased,
the productivity of phytoplankton, and in particular diatoms (microscopic
marine plants whose skeletons are composed of natural glass), has
increased, and oxygen conditions have worsened.  Some of the changes date
back to the turn of the century, but the problems have noticeably worsened
and accelerated since the late 1940s and early 1950s.
This scenario of worsening oxygen conditions in coastal waters of the Gulf
of Mexico adjacent to the nitrogen-enriched effluent of the Mississippi
River has obvious consequences to living resources and humans.  Similar
situations now exist throughout the world's coastal ocean regions where
environmental disruption caused by a planetary overload of nitrogen is
emerging as a new global concern.  Smaller ecosystems with nutrient
enrichment problems have been able to rebound when management interventions
have resulted in a reduction in the amount of nitrogen entering the systems
in question.  The scale of the Mississippi River watershed and the size of
the hypoxia zone in the Gulf however, are daunting barriers to success
which is likely to come slowly.
                  Human Impact and Possible Remedies
Since the early 1900s the hydrology of the Mississippi River system has
been altered by levies, locks, dams and reservoirs that have in turn led to
dramatic changes in the transport of water, sediments and nutrients from
throughout the basin into the Gulf.  Changes in agricultural practices over
time, such as the use of tile-drains agricultural lands, ditches and other
means to lower the water table and increase the efficiency of farming
methods, have hastened the transport of water from the landscape to the
river system and subsequently to the Gulf.  Nitrate, which is the most
soluble and mobile form of nitrogen, is easily leached from the soils into
these efficient drainage systems and is subsequently delivered much more
rapidly from the land to the Mississippi River system, which has led to a
larger nutrient flux to rivers in the basin and ultimately into the Gulf of
Mexico over time.  While long term historical data on nitrogen
concentrations in the basin are spotty, recent data suggest that average
influx of nitrate to the Gulf of Mexico has nearly tripled in the last four
decades resulting in a mean annual influx of 1.6 million metric tons of
nitrogen per year.  Models suggest that fertilizer and the soil inorganic
nitrogen pool are the largest source of this nitrogen, contributing
approximately half of the annual total nitrogen flux from the basin to the
Gulf.
Coincident with the change in nitrate flux has been changes in both the
average streamflow and the interannual variability of streamflow throughout
the Mississippi River basin. Over the last 100 years, annual precipitation
in most sites in the Mississippi River basin has increased by 5 to 20%,
coincident with a nationwide average increase in precipitation of 10 to
20%.  Similarly, US Geological Survey data indicates that streamflow for
the Mississippi was 30% higher during 1980-1996 than between 1955-1970.
Streamflow also appears to have been more variable during the last 15 to 20
years, and this variability has been shown to be strongly correlated with
nitrate flux.  In general, during dry years there is little rainfall to
transport nitrogen from the soil and unsaturated zones to streams and
nitrogen flux (particularly nitrate) is low.  Nitrate levels have been
demonstrated to build up in soils during dry years, largely as a result of
reduced uptake by crops.  By contrast, during periods of heavy
precipitation nitrate that has accumulated in the soil can be flushed into
streams via agricultural drains, ground water discharge and overland flow
at much higher rates than usual.  Thus wet years which follow dry years
tend to produce the largest influx of nitrate from the basin to the Gulf.
For example, data indicate that only a small area of hypoxic waters
developed in the Gulf during the 1988 drought, but the massive amount of
nitrogen introduced during the flood of 1993 caused the hypoxic zone to
more than double in size.  In fact, the drought of 1988 and the flooding of
1993 suggest that abrupt and short-term climate events such as the El Nino
Southern Oscillation (ENSO) can greatly influence the development and
extent of hypoxia in the Gulf.
The influx of nitrate to the Gulf of Mexico is likely to respond quickly
and dramatically to future changes in precipitation patterns and the timing
of precipitation.  Currently, most general circulation models (GCMs)
project that increases in temperature are likely to result in a more
vigorous hydrological cycle.  Recent observations on water vapor appear to
validate this projection.  However, the most significant projected impacts
from GCMs, for both the Mississippi River Basin and the Gulf of Mexico, are
likely to result from changes in the frequency and intensity of extreme and
short-lived events such as droughts, floods hurricanes, and El Nino/La Nina
phenomena.
In considering an array of potential options for mitigating or alleviating
altogether, the hypoxic condition in the Gulf, one of the most attractive
and potentially effective options for reducing the amount of nitrogen and
other nutrients coming into the Gulf might be to create and restore
strategically-placed wetlands and riparian zones where they can maximally
intercept agricultural drainage and thus optimize nitrogen removal through
plant uptake and denitrification.  The construction and restoration of
strategically-placed wetlands would not only contribute to the reduction of
nitrogen coming into the Gulf, thus decreasing the hypoxia, but would also
serve as sinks for carbon dioxide.  Other benefits would include
improvements in stream and river water quality and drinking water
protection, enhancing terrestrial wildlife in river corridors, and
providing increased flood protection.  The latter is especially
significant.  If future climate change increases the vulnerability of the
Mississippi River Basin to flood events, the combined effects of reducing
nutrient loading while increasing flood protection would clearly benefit
beleaguered ecosystems and people alike.
                                      Biographies
Dr. Nancy Rabalais is a Professor at the Louisiana Universities Marine
Consortium (LUMCON) where she has resided since 1983.  She teaches marine
science courses at LUMCON and in the Department of Oceanography and Coastal
Sciences at Louisiana State University.  Dr.  Rabalais' research interests
include the dynamics of hypoxic (oxygen deficient) environments,
interactions of large rivers with the coastal ocean, estuarine and coastal
eutrophication, benthic ecology, and environmental effects of habitat
alterations and contaminants.  Dr. Rabalais is a Fellow of the American
Association for the Advancement of Science, President of the Estuarine
Research Federation, and an Aldo Leopold Leadership Program Fellow.  She
has also recently been named as the recipient of the Blasker Award for
Science and Engineering for her outstanding scientific work on identifying
and understanding the linkages between the Mississippi River drainage basin
and the Gulf of Mexico.  Dr. Rabalais earned her Ph.D. in Zoology from the
University of Texas at Austin in 1983, and her BS and MS degrees in Biology
from Texas A&I University, Kingsville, in 1972 and 1975, respectively.
Dr. Donald Scavia is the Chief Scientist for the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) National Ocean Service and the Director
of  the  National  Centers  for  Coastal Ocean Science.  Prior to taking on
these new roles, Dr. Scavia was Director of  NOAA's Coastal Ocean Program
(COP).  Before  coming  to  the  COP,  Dr.  Scavia was a research scientist
at  NOAA's  Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory (GLERL) in Ann
Arbor, Michigan.  While at  GLERL  he  carried  out  a broad range of field
and laboratory  research and modeling studies on ecosystems of the Great
Lakes, with  particular  emphasis  on  food-web  dynamics  and nutrient
cycling.   He  has  served  on the Board of Directors of the International
Association for Great Lakes Research and the American Society of Limnology
and Oceanography, and is currently an Associate Editor for the journal
Estuaries.  He  has  served  in the following capacities under the
President's  Science  Advisor: Chair of the Subcommittee on U.S. Coastal
Ocean Science; Executive Secretary for the Subcommittee on Water Resources,
Coastal  and  Marine Environments; co-chair of the Ecosystem Working Group;
and co-chair of the Subcommittee on Ecological Systems.  Dr. Scavia  holds
a Ph.D. in Water Resources Engineering from the University of Michigan, and
BS and MS degrees in Environmental Engineering from Rensselaer Polytechnic
Institute.
Ms Tracy Kuhns - No biography was available at the time of the printing.
The Next Seminar is scheduled for September 22, 1999
Tentative Topic: Drivers of Climate Change
For more information please contact:
Anthony D. Socci, Ph.D., U.S. Global Change Research Program Office, 400
Virginia Ave. SW, Suite 750, Washington, DC 20024; Telephone: (202)
314-2235; Fax: (202) 488-8681 E-Mail: TSOCCI@USGCRP.GOV.
Additional information on the U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP)
and this Seminar Series is available on the USGCRP Home Page at:
http://www.usgcrp.gov.  A complete archive of seminar summaries can also be
found at this site.  Normally these seminars are held on the second Monday
of each month.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Jul 15 08:05:39 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA26057 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 15 Jul 1999 08:05:38 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA22459; Thu, 15 Jul 1999 08:10:05 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma022440; Thu, 15 Jul 99 08:09:36 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 15 Jul 1999 08:06:37 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id LAA52258; Thu, 15 Jul 1999 11:35:43 GMT
Received: from quantum.mweb.co.za by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id HAA52317; Thu, 15 Jul 1999 07:35:34 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from bridget (net-41-010.mweb.co.za [196.2.41.10]) by quantum.mweb.co.za (8.9.3/8.7.3) with SMTP id NAA18347 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 15 Jul 1999 13:32:45 +0200
Message-Id: <004901beceb6$cc206f40$9c2802c4@bridget>
From: "Bridget Elliott" <b.elliott@mweb.co.za>
To: "Coral List" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: sampling design
Date: Thu, 15 Jul 1999 13:34:49 +0200
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_002D_01BECEC6.CFE217E0"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.2106.4
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.2106.4
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Bridget Elliott" <b.elliott@mweb.co.za>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 429
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_002D_01BECEC6.CFE217E0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Hullo
Is anyone out there sampling a representation of patchily distributed =
reefs along a stretch of coast along several hundred kilometres ?
I am looking for suggestions for the sampling design of a monitoring =
program, when reefs are of a wide range of sizes and depths, and =
patchily distributed along the coast. One source has suggested dividing =
the coast into equal sectors of say, 50 km, and doing a fixed number of =
transects for a range of depths regardless of the amount of reef in that =
sector. This would allow for direct comparisons between the reefs =
(sectors) for variables such as species abundance and composition, with =
equal replications.
However, surely if one sector only has a few square metres of scrappy =
reef, it does not justify the same intensity of sampling as a sector =
with a lot of reef ?
In the southern part of our province the reefs are typical temperate =
rocky substrate, graduating to a layer of sub-tropical corals growing on =
top of submerged Pleistocene dunes in the north. I hope to use =
line-transects (GCRM method) to establish a long-term monitoring program =
of the benthos.
Are there any biologists or statisticians out there who can help ?
Many thanks
Bridget
Bridget Elliott
Marine Ecologist
KwaZulu-Natal Nature Conservation Service
Private Bag X3
Congella, Durban
4013
South Africa
phone: +27 - 31 - 2051271
fax: +27 - 31 - 2051547
email: b.elliott@mweb.co.za
------=_NextPart_000_002D_01BECEC6.CFE217E0
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META content=3Dtext/html;charset=3Diso-8859-1 =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D'"MSHTML 4.72.2106.6"' name=3DGENERATOR>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Hullo</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Is anyone out there sampling a =
representation of=20
patchily distributed reefs along a stretch of coast along several =
hundred=20
kilometres ?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>I am looking for suggestions for the =
sampling=20
design of a monitoring program, when reefs are of a wide range of sizes =
and=20
depths, and patchily distributed along the coast. One source has =
suggested=20
dividing the coast into equal sectors of say, 50 km, and doing a fixed =
number of=20
transects for a range of depths regardless of the amount of reef in that =
sector.=20
This would allow for direct comparisons between the reefs (sectors) for=20
variables such as species abundance and composition, with equal=20
replications.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>However, surely if one sector only =
has a few=20
square metres of scrappy reef, it does not justify the same intensity of =
sampling as a sector with a lot of reef ?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>In the southern part of our province =
the reefs=20
are typical temperate rocky substrate, graduating to a layer of =
sub-tropical=20
corals growing on top of submerged Pleistocene dunes in the north. I =
hope to use=20
line-transects (GCRM method) to establish a long-term monitoring program =
of the=20
benthos.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Are there any biologists or =
statisticians out=20
there who can help ?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Many thanks</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Bridget</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Bridget Elliott<BR>Marine=20
Ecologist<BR>KwaZulu-Natal Nature Conservation Service<BR>Private Bag=20
X3<BR>Congella, Durban<BR>4013<BR>South Africa<BR>phone: +27 - 31 -=20
2051271<BR>fax: +27 - 31 - 2051547<BR>email: <A=20
href=3D"mailto:b.elliott@mweb.co.za">b.elliott@mweb.co.za</A></FONT></DIV=
></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_000_002D_01BECEC6.CFE217E0--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Jul 15 11:35:03 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA06454 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 15 Jul 1999 11:35:02 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA10373; Thu, 15 Jul 1999 11:41:17 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma010353; Thu, 15 Jul 99 11:40:33 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 15 Jul 1999 11:37:27 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA56300; Thu, 15 Jul 1999 15:18:06 GMT
Message-Id: <199907151518.PAA56300@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Thu, 15 Jul 1999 10:28:20 +0200
From: Peter van Treeck <van_treeck@uni-essen.de>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Address for coral list
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Peter van Treeck <van_treeck@uni-essen.de>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 430
I have an other boring request for an Email contact. I am looking for Dr.
Francesca Marubini, her mail from Coral researchers directory is not valid
any more (To keep the list up to date) I would like to put a request on
that.
sorry for inconvenience
Cheers Peter
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Jul 16 07:41:30 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id HAA29342 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 16 Jul 1999 07:41:30 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA05505; Fri, 16 Jul 1999 07:47:46 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma005486; Fri, 16 Jul 99 07:47:04 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 16 Jul 1999 07:44:15 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id LAA61342; Fri, 16 Jul 1999 11:09:57 GMT
Received: from phoenix.wcmc.org.uk by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id HAA59455; Fri, 16 Jul 1999 07:09:44 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from groupwise.wcmc.org.uk (groupwise.wcmc.org.uk [192.26.45.142])
	by phoenix.wcmc.org.uk (8.9.0/8.9.0) with SMTP id MAA20579
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 16 Jul 1999 12:10:29 +0100 (BST)
Received: from GROUPWISE-Message_Server by groupwise.wcmc.org.uk
	with Novell_GroupWise; Fri, 16 Jul 1999 12:09:40 +0100
Message-Id: <s78f2104.095@groupwise.wcmc.org.uk>
X-Mailer: Novell GroupWise 5.5
Date: Fri, 16 Jul 1999 12:09:12 +0100
From: "Ed Green" <edg@wcmc.org.uk>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: The Global Trade in Coral
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-Disposition: inline
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Ed Green" <edg@wcmc.org.uk>
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id HAA29342
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 431
The World Conservation Monitoring Centre is pleased to announce the publication of 'The Global Trade in Coral' (World Conservation Press, Cambridge, UK, 70pp, ISBN: 1-899628-13-4). A brief summary follows:
The Global Trade in Coral (Green and Shirley, 1999)
This study assesses the global trade in coral in an ecological and economic context. Throughout the report emphasis is placed on the trade in live coral for aquaria because the last decade has seen an enormous increase in this business. The taxonomic composition of the trade is identified and the quantities of coral passing between nations illustrate the links between major exporters and importers. Subsequent chapters present data on the practicalities of monitoring international trade in coral at the global scale. In the last two chapters size and growth rate data are used to assess the sustainability of the trade in live coral: export and retail prices are used to estimate the revenue to exporting nations.
Copies are being distributed by:
Tropical Marine Centre
Solesbridge Lane
Chorleywood
Hertfordshire
WD3 5SX
United Kingdom
Tel: +44 1923 284151
Fax: +44 1923 285840
While stocks last these are available free of charge to addresses in developing nations and at the cost of postage and packing to all other addresses.
Please contact me directly with comments and questions on the content of the report,
Thank you, Ed.
Dr. Edmund Green
Head, Marine and Coastal Programme
World Conservation Monitoring Centre
219 Huntingdon Road
Cambridge CB3 0DL
United Kingdom
Tel: (44) 1223 277314
Fax: (44) 1223 277136
Ed.green@wcmc.org.uk
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Jul 16 13:09:22 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA17604 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 16 Jul 1999 13:09:21 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA05219; Fri, 16 Jul 1999 13:15:37 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma005105; Fri, 16 Jul 99 13:14:41 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 16 Jul 1999 13:11:51 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA02531; Fri, 16 Jul 1999 16:33:54 GMT
Received: from jaguar1.usouthal.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA02488; Fri, 16 Jul 1999 12:33:47 -0400 (EDT)
Received: (from raronson@localhost)
	by jaguar1.usouthal.edu (8.8.8+Sun/8.8.8) id LAA15757;
	Fri, 16 Jul 1999 11:33:45 -0500 (CDT)
Date: Fri, 16 Jul 1999 11:33:45 -0500 (CDT)
From: "Richard B. Aronson" <raronson@jaguar1.usouthal.edu>
Subject: Re: sampling design
To: Bridget Elliott <b.elliott@mweb.co.za>
cc: Coral List <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
In-Reply-To: <004901beceb6$cc206f40$9c2802c4@bridget>
Message-Id: <Pine.3.88.9907161145.A15424-d200000@jaguar1.usouthal.edu>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: MULTIPART/ALTERNATIVE; BOUNDARY="----=_NextPart_000_002D_01BECEC6.CFE217E0"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Richard B. Aronson" <raronson@jaguar1.usouthal.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 432
  This message is in MIME format.  The first part should be readable text,
  while the remaining parts are likely unreadable without MIME-aware tools.
------=_NextPart_000_002D_01BECEC6.CFE217E0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; CHARSET=iso-8859-1
Dear Bridget,
As always, the approach you take will depend on the hypothesis you wish
to test.  Articulating the specific hypothesis is the only way to answer
your questions about sampling design.
Regards,
Rich Aronson
______________________________________________________________________________
Richard B. Aronson
Senior Marine Scientist
Dauphin Island Sea Lab
101 Bienville Boulevard
Dauphin Island, AL 36528
Voice: (334) 861-7567
Fax: (334) 861-7540
email: raronson@jaguar1.usouthal.edu
On Thu, 15 Jul 1999, Bridget Elliott wrote:
> Hullo
>
> Is anyone out there sampling a representation of patchily distributed reefs along a stretch of coast along several hundred kilometres ?
>
> I am looking for suggestions for the sampling design of a monitoring program, when reefs are of a wide range of sizes and depths, and patchily distributed along the coast. One source has suggested dividing the coast into equal sectors of say, 50 km, and doing a fixed number of transects for a range of depths regardless of the amount of reef in that sector. This would allow for direct comparisons between the reefs (sectors) for variables such as species abundance and composition, with equal replications.
>
> However, surely if one sector only has a few square metres of scrappy reef, it does not justify the same intensity of sampling as a sector with a lot of reef ?
>
> In the southern part of our province the reefs are typical temperate rocky substrate, graduating to a layer of sub-tropical corals growing on top of submerged Pleistocene dunes in the north. I hope to use line-transects (GCRM method) to establish a long-term monitoring program of the benthos.
>
> Are there any biologists or statisticians out there who can help ?
>
> Many thanks
> Bridget
>
> Bridget Elliott
> Marine Ecologist
> KwaZulu-Natal Nature Conservation Service
> Private Bag X3
> Congella, Durban
> 4013
> South Africa
> phone: +27 - 31 - 2051271
> fax: +27 - 31 - 2051547
> email: b.elliott@mweb.co.za
>
------=_NextPart_000_002D_01BECEC6.CFE217E0
Content-Type: TEXT/HTML; CHARSET=iso-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: QUOTED-PRINTABLE
Content-ID: <Pine.3.88.9907161145.A15424@jaguar1.usouthal.edu>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META content=3Dtext/html;charset=3Diso-8859-1 =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D'"MSHTML 4.72.2106.6"' name=3DGENERATOR>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Hullo</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Is anyone out there sampling a =
representation of=20
patchily distributed reefs along a stretch of coast along several =
hundred=20
kilometres ?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>I am looking for suggestions for the =
sampling=20
design of a monitoring program, when reefs are of a wide range of sizes =
and=20
depths, and patchily distributed along the coast. One source has =
suggested=20
dividing the coast into equal sectors of say, 50 km, and doing a fixed =
number of=20
transects for a range of depths regardless of the amount of reef in that =
sector.=20
This would allow for direct comparisons between the reefs (sectors) for=20
variables such as species abundance and composition, with equal=20
replications.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>However, surely if one sector only =
has a few=20
square metres of scrappy reef, it does not justify the same intensity of =
sampling as a sector with a lot of reef ?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>In the southern part of our province =
the reefs=20
are typical temperate rocky substrate, graduating to a layer of =
sub-tropical=20
corals growing on top of submerged Pleistocene dunes in the north. I =
hope to use=20
line-transects (GCRM method) to establish a long-term monitoring program =
of the=20
benthos.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Are there any biologists or =
statisticians out=20
there who can help ?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Many thanks</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Bridget</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Bridget Elliott<BR>Marine=20
Ecologist<BR>KwaZulu-Natal Nature Conservation Service<BR>Private Bag=20
X3<BR>Congella, Durban<BR>4013<BR>South Africa<BR>phone: +27 - 31 -=20
2051271<BR>fax: +27 - 31 - 2051547<BR>email: <A=20
href=3D"mailto:b.elliott@mweb.co.za">b.elliott@mweb.co.za</A></FONT></DIV=
></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_000_002D_01BECEC6.CFE217E0--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Jul 19 14:29:49 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA25494 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 19 Jul 1999 14:29:48 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA07778; Mon, 19 Jul 1999 14:34:18 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma007648; Mon, 19 Jul 99 14:33:57 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 19 Jul 1999 14:30:38 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA29628; Mon, 19 Jul 1999 17:47:22 GMT
Received: from OCRMHQ.NOS.NOAA.GOV by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA29686; Mon, 19 Jul 1999 13:47:12 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from noaa.gov ([140.90.167.72]) by OCRMHQ.NOS.NOAA.GOV
          (Netscape Messaging Server 3.62)  with ESMTP id 416
          for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>;
          Mon, 19 Jul 1999 13:47:19 -0400
Message-Id: <379364D5.10A588CC@noaa.gov>
Date: Mon, 19 Jul 1999 13:48:18 -0400
From: Tom Shyka <Tom.Shyka@noaa.gov>
Organization: Ocean and Coastal Resource Management
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.51 (Macintosh; U; PPC)
X-Accept-Language: en
To: coral list serve <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Reef restoration web site
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Tom Shyka <Tom.Shyka@noaa.gov>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1; x-mac-type="54455854";
  x-mac-creator="4D4F5353"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from Quoted-Printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id OAA25494
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 433
NOAA's Marine Sanctuary Division has recently launched a new web site
that provides background information and updates on the Columbus Iselin
reef restoration project, which has begun at Looe Key Reef in the
Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. The address for the site is:
http://www.restorereef.nos.noaa.gov
The site can also be accessed by going to the new MSD web site and
entering the
special offerings section:
http://www.sanctuaries.nos.noaa.gov/special/special.html
If you have any questions or comments regarding the project or web site
please contact:
                      Lisa Symons
                      Resource Protection & Damage Assessment
Coordinator
                      Marine Sanctuaries Div. (N/ORM6)
                      NOAA
                      1305 East-West Hwy, #11643
                      Silver Spring, MD 20910
                      301-713-3141 ext. 108
                      Lisa.Symons@noaa.gov
Thanks,
Tom
--
Tom Shyka
NOAA/Marine Sanctuaries Division
1305 East-West Highway, 11th Floor
SSMC-4, N/ORM62
Silver Spring, MD  20910
301-713-3145 x183fax: 301-713-0404
Tom.Shyka@noaa.gov
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Jul 21 15:17:20 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA09938 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 21 Jul 1999 15:17:19 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA23608; Wed, 21 Jul 1999 15:21:48 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma023564; Wed, 21 Jul 99 15:21:35 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 21 Jul 1999 15:13:41 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA45004; Wed, 21 Jul 1999 18:33:18 GMT
Received: from u2.farm.idt.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA44920; Wed, 21 Jul 1999 14:33:08 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from idt.net (ppp-26.ts-11-bay.nyc.idt.net [169.132.218.26])
	by u2.farm.idt.net (8.9.3/8.9.2) with ESMTP id OAA02991
	for <coral-list@reef.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 21 Jul 1999 14:33:20 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <37961212.4E2B4426@idt.net>
Date: Wed, 21 Jul 1999 14:31:46 -0400
From: "Dr. Dennis Thoney" <dthoney@idt.net>
Organization: New York Aquarium
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.6 [en] (Win98; I)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Coral list <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Job advertisement
Content-Type: multipart/mixed;
 boundary="------------911C675AA7D242660660990B"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Dr. Dennis Thoney" <dthoney@idt.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 434
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
--------------911C675AA7D242660660990B
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Please pass on the attached position advertisement.  Thank you.
--
Dennis A. Thoney, Ph.D.
General Curator
New York Aquarium
Wildlife Conservation Society
Boardwalk and West 8th St.
Brooklyn, NY 11224
www.wcs.org
--------------911C675AA7D242660660990B
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii;
 name="AD FOR AQUATIC PATHOLOGIST internet.txt"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: inline;
 filename="AD FOR AQUATIC PATHOLOGIST internet.txt"
  AQUATIC PATHOLOGIST The New York Aquarium/Osborne Laboratories
  Requires a Ph.D or equivalent in aquatic pathology/parasitology or closely related
  field with strong background experience in aquatic disease management and
  research, demonstrated interpersonal, presentation, and management skills, an
  established publication record and success in acquiring research funding.  Will
  maintain diverse aquatic animal collection in healthy condition through disease
  diagnosis and treatment and by developing a research program in aquatic diseases
  that supports conservation programs.  Attractive salary, plus benefits.  The wildlife
  Conservation Society (WCS), founded in 1895, is a world leader in wildlife
  conservation.  WCS manages five zoo and aquarium facilities in New York and over
  300 conservation projects in 52 countries.  Send curriculum vitae/ cover letter to
  Dennis A. Thoney, Ph.D., New York Aquarium, W. 8th St. & Surf Ave., Brooklyn,
  NY 11224.
--------------911C675AA7D242660660990B--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Jul 22 14:12:33 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA03801 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 22 Jul 1999 14:12:32 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA03979; Thu, 22 Jul 1999 14:17:01 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma003882; Thu, 22 Jul 99 14:16:40 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 22 Jul 1999 14:12:17 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA52514; Thu, 22 Jul 1999 17:48:20 GMT
Received: from isurus.mote.org by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <Coral-List@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA52296; Thu, 22 Jul 1999 13:48:11 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from hal by isurus.mote.org  with smtp
	(Linux Smail3.2.0.101 #12) id m117MxB-003aiZC; Thu, 22 Jul 1999 13:48:21 -0400 (EDT)
Date: Thu, 22 Jul 1999 13:53:45 -0700 (PDT)
From: Erich Mueller <emueller@mote.org>
To: Marbio List <marbio@mote.org>, Coral List <Coral-List@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Mote's new Keys facility
Message-Id: <Pine.PCW.3.95.990722134352.16014B-100000@hal>
X-X-Sender: emueller@isurus.mote.org
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Erich Mueller <emueller@mote.org>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 435
To all interested,
Mote Marine Laboratory is in the process of relocating its Florida Keys
facility from Pigeon Key to Summerland Key (mile marker 24.5, US 1). The
new contacts are listed below. Limited facilities will be available at
both Pigeon Key and Summerland Key through the remainder of 1999. Mote's
research operations at Pigeon Key will end at that time. We anticipate
being fully operational for visiting scientists at the new Center for
Tropical Research on Summerland by mid-spring, 2000.
The new facility will have considerably improved dry lab facilities and
accommodations. The location will provide excellent access to a variety of
Lower Keys habitats and is close to Looe Key. Full implementation of
educational facilities will be a bit later, however, inquiries for small
groups may be made to the contact points below.
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
Erich Mueller, Ph.D., Director      Phone: (305) 745-2729
Mote Marine Laboratory              FAX:   (305) 745-2730
Center for Tropical Research        Email: emueller@mote.org
24244 Overseas Highway (US 1)
Summerland Key, FL   33042
Web pages: http://www.mote.org/~emueller/pkmrc.html
           http://www.mote.org
Remarks are personal opinion and do not reflect institutional
policy unless so indicated.
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Jul 22 16:50:01 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA08260 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 22 Jul 1999 16:50:00 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA18050; Thu, 22 Jul 1999 16:54:30 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma018026; Thu, 22 Jul 99 16:54:10 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 22 Jul 1999 16:51:13 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA53003; Thu, 22 Jul 1999 20:21:46 GMT
Received: from imo13.mx.aol.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA53072; Thu, 22 Jul 1999 16:21:41 -0400 (EDT)
From: CoralReefA@aol.com
Received: from CoralReefA@aol.com
	by imo13.mx.aol.com (IMOv20.25) id bVRZa27989 (4311);
	Thu, 22 Jul 1999 16:21:37 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <e87e60e4.24c8d751@aol.com>
Date: Thu, 22 Jul 1999 16:21:37 EDT
Subject: Job Opportunities in Coral Reef Conservation
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
CC: Coralmail4@aol.com
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Mailer: AOL 3.0.1 for Mac sub 84
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: CoralReefA@aol.com
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 436
JOB OPPORTUNITIES IN CORAL REEF CONSERVATION
*******************************************************
PLEASE FORWARD TO ANY POTENTIALLY INTERESTED STUDENTS AND OTHER INDIVIDUALS
The Coral Reef Alliance (CORAL), a non-profit conservation group based in
Berkeley, California, is growing and will need several new employees over the
next two years.
Specific job descriptions are not available as we are seeking to build a team
based on a combination of skills and interests.  Work will include projects
focused on building public awareness about coral reefs, helping to create and
improve coral reef protected areas, and working with divers and the
dive-tourism industry to promote conservation.
CORAL does not undertake any scientific research.  No research positions are
available.
The essential job qualifications are:
Solid background in coral reef ecology
Strong interest in coral reef conservation
Ability to work well with others
Some travel may be required for certain positions.
If you might be interested in a position with CORAL, please mail, fax or
email your resume to the address below with a cover letter outlining your
primary areas of interest in coral reef conservation and estimating when you
might be available to start work.  No telephone inquiries please.  We are at
the early stages of our employee search, so we may not be able to respond to
your submission immediately.  Thanks for your interest.
PLEASE DO NOT REPLY TO THE CORALREEFA@AOL.COM EMAIL ADDRESS
Contact Address:
Shawn Reifsteck
Managing Director
CORAL- The Coral Reef Alliance
64 Shattuck Square, Suite 220
Berkeley, CA 94704
fax: 510-848-3720
email: coralmail4@aol.com
For more information on CORAL, please visit our web site: www.coral.org
CORAL's Mission
The Coral Reef Alliance (CORAL) is a member supported, non-profit
organization dedicated to keeping coral reefs alive around the world.   CORAL
helps local organizations in coral reef areas by providing financial support,
technical expertise and volunteers to help with coral reef conservation
projects.  CORAL is using education and outreach programs to build a new
constituency  of scuba divers, snorkelers and other concerned individuals to
help combat the major threats to coral reefs.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Jul 24 13:25:16 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA09457 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 24 Jul 1999 13:25:15 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA17539; Sat, 24 Jul 1999 13:31:39 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma017521; Sat, 24 Jul 99 13:31:20 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 24 Jul 1999 13:28:29 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA64101; Sat, 24 Jul 1999 16:53:45 GMT
Message-Id: <199907241653.QAA64101@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Fri, 23 Jul 1999 17:42:46 -1000 (HST)
From: Bruce Carlson <carlson@soest.hawaii.edu>
To: coral-list <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Marine Ornamentals Conference
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Bruce Carlson <carlson@soest.hawaii.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 437
I would like to remind you of the Marine Ornamentals 99 Conference being
held in Kona, Hawaii on the 16th to 19th November 1999. Plans are now well
underway and there are only a few weeks left in which to take advantage of
the early registration discount. And for those of you that might want to
present a paper - either orally or as a poster - the deadline for
abstracts (July 31) is rapidly approaching.
The meeting is designed to bring together in one venue those interested in
the Collecting, Culture and
Conservation of marine ornamental species including fishes, corals, live
rock, as well as those that
are worrying about the regulatory regime in which these species are
traded, transported and marketed. Thus there is an opportunity for
everyone from researchers, to businessmen, to hobbyists to participate and
contribute to the meeting.
For details of the meeting, registration forms, etc. See
 http://imina.soest.hawaii.edu/SEAGRANT/marine_ornamentals99/index.html
Bruce Carlson
Waikiki Aquarium
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Jul 27 10:24:59 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA29968 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 27 Jul 1999 10:24:58 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA05627; Tue, 27 Jul 1999 10:31:24 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma005539; Tue, 27 Jul 99 10:30:22 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 27 Jul 1999 10:26:36 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA85174; Tue, 27 Jul 1999 13:35:09 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id JAA88314; Tue, 27 Jul 1999 09:35:03 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA28912; Tue, 27 Jul 1999 09:38:02 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028827; Tue, 27 Jul 99 09:37:10 -0400
Received: from surf.blur (surf [172.16.100.3])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with ESMTP
	  id JAA28312 for <coral-list@coral>; Tue, 27 Jul 1999 09:30:41 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from localhost by surf.blur (8.8.8+Sun/SMI-SVR4)
	id JAA22256; Tue, 27 Jul 1999 09:32:35 -0400 (EDT)
Date: Tue, 27 Jul 1999 09:32:35 -0400 (EDT)
From: Jim Hendee <Jim.Hendee@noaa.gov>
X-Sender: hendee@surf
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: NOAA funding
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.03.9907270930280.21595-100000@surf>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jim Hendee <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 438
Greetings coral-listers,
	For those of you who may be interested in the FY2000 funding
picture for NOAA, including especially how it pertains to the study of
coral reefs, please see the following Web Page:
	http://www.legislative.noaa.gov/
	Cheers,
	Jim Hendee
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Jul 27 10:24:59 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA29968 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 27 Jul 1999 10:24:58 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA05627; Tue, 27 Jul 1999 10:31:24 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma005539; Tue, 27 Jul 99 10:30:22 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 27 Jul 1999 10:26:36 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA85174; Tue, 27 Jul 1999 13:35:09 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id JAA88314; Tue, 27 Jul 1999 09:35:03 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA28912; Tue, 27 Jul 1999 09:38:02 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028827; Tue, 27 Jul 99 09:37:10 -0400
Received: from surf.blur (surf [172.16.100.3])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with ESMTP
	  id JAA28312 for <coral-list@coral>; Tue, 27 Jul 1999 09:30:41 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from localhost by surf.blur (8.8.8+Sun/SMI-SVR4)
	id JAA22256; Tue, 27 Jul 1999 09:32:35 -0400 (EDT)
Date: Tue, 27 Jul 1999 09:32:35 -0400 (EDT)
From: Jim Hendee <Jim.Hendee@noaa.gov>
X-Sender: hendee@surf
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: NOAA funding
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.03.9907270930280.21595-100000@surf>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jim Hendee <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 439
Greetings coral-listers,
	For those of you who may be interested in the FY2000 funding
picture for NOAA, including especially how it pertains to the study of
coral reefs, please see the following Web Page:
	http://www.legislative.noaa.gov/
	Cheers,
	Jim Hendee
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Jul 30 12:42:18 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA29196 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 30 Jul 1999 12:42:18 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA18785; Fri, 30 Jul 1999 12:46:53 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma018754; Fri, 30 Jul 99 12:46:11 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 30 Jul 1999 12:43:19 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id LAA10531; Fri, 30 Jul 1999 11:45:54 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id HAA77283; Fri, 30 Jul 1999 07:45:48 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA21503; Fri, 30 Jul 1999 07:50:14 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma021478; Fri, 30 Jul 99 07:49:34 -0400
Received: from surf.blur (surf [172.16.100.3])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with ESMTP
	  id HAA19633 for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 30 Jul 1999 07:43:01 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from localhost by surf.blur (8.8.8+Sun/SMI-SVR4)
	id HAA01364; Fri, 30 Jul 1999 07:44:57 -0400 (EDT)
Date: Fri, 30 Jul 1999 07:44:56 -0400 (EDT)
From: Jim Hendee <Jim.Hendee@noaa.gov>
X-Sender: hendee@surf
To: coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Florida Keys sea temperatures
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.03.9907300727060.670-100000@surf>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jim Hendee <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 440
Reefs in the Florida Keys are now experiencing very high sea temperatures
(over 32degC in some cases).  The daily temps can be seen at,
	http://www.coral.noaa.gov/cman/cman_menu.html
and historical (i.e., yesterday's and before) can be seen at,
	http://www.neptune.noaa.gov
If anybody diving in the Keys notices any coral bleaching, please let us
know.  The feedback will be helpful in refining the Coral Reef Early
Warning System (CREWS), a data-driven expert system for coral bleaching
"alerts", posted daily (as they occur) at,
	 http://www.coral.noaa.gov/sferpm/seakeys/es
	Thank you.
	Cheers,
	Jim Hendee
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Aug  2 17:04:55 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA26695 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 2 Aug 1999 17:04:54 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA11200; Mon, 2 Aug 1999 17:09:34 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma011174; Mon, 2 Aug 99 17:08:54 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 2 Aug 1999 17:05:57 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA04379; Mon, 2 Aug 1999 20:25:15 GMT
Received: from bow.intnet.mu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA04422; Mon, 2 Aug 1999 16:25:06 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from otyack ([196.27.21.127]) by bow.intnet.mu
          (Netscape Messaging Server 3.6)  with ESMTP id AAA38C9
          for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>;
          Mon, 2 Aug 1999 17:11:12 +0400
From: "Olivier Tyack" <otyack@intnet.mu>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Artificial reef
Date: Mon, 2 Aug 1999 16:56:14 +0400
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Priority: 3
X-Mailer: Microsoft Internet Mail 4.70.1155
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_01BEDD07.EE7E0B60"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Message-Id: <77278B15458.AAA38C9@bow.intnet.mu>
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Olivier Tyack" <otyack@intnet.mu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 441
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_01BEDD07.EE7E0B60
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Dear all,
Our society has created 14 artificial reefs using old vessels.
We would like to implement an ecological sudy/monitoring.
Has any similar scientific study been done elsewere on the same subject ?
If yes please contact us or send us the reference of papers.
Any recent reference on all scientific papers dealing with artificial reef
made of old ships will be usefull.
Regards.
Olivier Tyack
president Mauritius Marine Conservation Society
------=_NextPart_000_01BEDD07.EE7E0B60
Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<html><head></head><BODY bgcolor=3D"#FFFFFF"><p><font size=3D2 =
color=3D"#000000" face=3D"Arial">Dear all,<br>Our society has created 14 =
artificial reefs using old vessels.<br>We would like to implement an =
ecological sudy/monitoring.<br>Has any similar scientific study been =
done elsewere on the same subject ?<br>If yes please contact us or send =
us the reference of papers.<br>Any recent reference on all scientific =
papers dealing with artificial reef made of old ships will be =
usefull.<br>Regards.<br><br>Olivier Tyack<br>president Mauritius Marine =
Conservation Society</p>
</font></body></html>
------=_NextPart_000_01BEDD07.EE7E0B60--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Aug  2 18:15:57 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id SAA28074 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 2 Aug 1999 18:15:56 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA13540; Mon, 2 Aug 1999 18:22:33 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma013527; Mon, 2 Aug 99 18:21:54 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 2 Aug 1999 18:19:01 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA02499; Mon, 2 Aug 1999 21:30:33 GMT
Received: from pima.gate.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA04739; Mon, 2 Aug 1999 17:30:27 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from cmrc01.gate.net (tswpb2-210.gate.net [207.36.197.210]) by pima.gate.net (8.8.6/8.6.12) with ESMTP id RAA214694 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 2 Aug 1999 17:26:01 -0400
Received: by CMRC01 with Internet Mail Service (5.0.1459.74)
	id <PJP1GQVL>; Mon, 2 Aug 1999 16:46:21 -0400
Message-Id: <12BE08ED5BB7D111814800805FA98C5D030F3C@CMRC01>
From: Steven Jury <Steve@gate.net>
To: "'coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov'" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Mon, 2 Aug 1999 16:46:20 -0400
MIME-Version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.0.1459.74)
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Steven Jury <Steve@gate.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 442
I would like to bring to your attention an immediate opening for a
research associate within our organization. Additional information may
be found at our web site: www.cmrc.org
PERRY INSTITUTE FOR MARINE SCIENCE
CARIBBEAN MARINE RESEARCH CENTER
POSITION AVAILABLE
RESEARCH ASSOCIATE
Perry Institute for Marine Science (PIMS)/Caribbean Marine Research
Center (CMRC) has an immediate opening for a full time Research
Associate.  The primary job responsibility is to provide research
assistance and scientific and educational program development under the
direction of the Center Director in support of CMRC missions. Toward
this objective, the job duties are comprised of the following:  Assist
in the development and coordination of science projects; assist in
proposal development and grant writing; provide technical support for
CMRC supported research projects; assist in the collection of field or
laboratory data; compile, organize, analyze, and disseminate
programmatic and scientific data;  serve as CMRC's representative for
database management activities with the National Undersea Research
Program; and perform special projects.
The minimum job qualifications are as follows:  Masters of Science
degree in biology, marine ecology, fisheries science, oceanography or
related field; excellent writing, computer and organizational skills.
Minimum one year of work in a scientific research environment and
ability to travel are required.  Other knowledge and skills required
include those pertaining to scientific instrumentation, database design
and development, equipment and methodology.  Field experience incuding
dive certification for SCUBA and NITROX (optional).
Please fax a cover letter, resume, and a list of three references to
(561) 741-0193.  The position is located in Tequesta, Florida.  Starting
salary is in the range of $28 to 30k.  EOE/DFW.
Dr. Steven H. Jury
Science Director
Perry Institute of Marine Science
Caribbean Marine Research Center
National Undersea Research Program
250 Tequesta Dr., Ste 304
Tequesta, FL 33469
561-741-0192
561-741-0193 (fax)
sjury@gate.net
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Aug  3 11:11:13 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <EricHugo@aol.com>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA13273; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 11:11:12 -0400 (EDT)
From: EricHugo@aol.com
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA18178; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 11:17:49 -0400
Received: from imo25.mx.aol.com(198.81.17.69) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma018150; Tue, 3 Aug 99 11:17:21 -0400
Received: from EricHugo@aol.com
	by imo25.mx.aol.com (mail_out_v22.4.) id xDKLa16296 (4454);
	Tue, 3 Aug 1999 11:14:17 -0400 (EDT)
Message-ID: <b1164ad7.24d86149@aol.com>
Date: Tue, 3 Aug 1999 11:14:17 EDT
Subject: Re: Florida Keys sea temperatures
To: hendee@aoml.noaa.gov, coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Mailer: AOL for Macintosh sub 54
Status: RO
X-Status: A
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 443
Hi, Jim and list:
I am going to the Flower Gardens and Stetson Banks in ten days.  I will look
for evidence of bleaching there, as well as photo-document any noted disease
or other problems I notice.  I will update you and the list if needed.
Hopefully, there won't be a single problem there!  If there is anything in
particular anyone would like me to look for, please let me know by email.
Eric Borneman
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Aug  3 11:48:59 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA15283 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 11:48:59 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA22181; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 11:55:36 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma022140; Tue, 3 Aug 99 11:55:12 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 11:52:13 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA09922; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 15:06:47 GMT
Received: from sarah.viaccess.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA09903; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 11:06:31 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from curator.viaccess.net ([63.64.78.254])
	by sarah.viaccess.net (8.8.8/ACK-1.1f) with SMTP id LAA00867
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 11:08:07 -0400 (AST)
From: "Donna Nemeth" <dnemeth@coralworldvi.com>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Aquarist job listing
Date: Tue, 3 Aug 1999 12:12:48 -0300
Message-Id: <NCBBLJCMEOCPGOAHBPPOKEJKCAAA.dnemeth@coralworldvi.com>
X-Priority: 3 (Normal)
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook IMO, Build 9.0.2416 (9.0.2910.0)
Importance: Normal
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Donna Nemeth" <dnemeth@coralworldvi.com>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from Quoted-Printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id LAA15283
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 444
Please find below a description of an aquarist position available at a
private aquarium in the US Virgin Islands.  Our website is
www.coralworldvi.com.
AQUARISTCoral World, St. Thomas. Duties include all aspects of animal
collection and care, quarantine, exhibit design & maintenance, fish feeding,
and public shows.  We display live corals in addition to Caribbean fishes
(including sharks and rays), other invertebrates, sea turtles, live
mangroves, tortoises and iguanas.  Advantages of this position include the
chance to work on all aspects of exhibitry, animal handling, and
presentation, with a large part of the day spent in the warm waters of the
Caribbean.  Qualifications required: SCUBA certification, excellent diving
skills, team-oriented but able to work independently with little
supervision, excellent public speaker with strong interpersonal skills.  A
college degree and experience working in a public aquarium is preferred.
Salary $8 to $10/hour, plus benefits.  Send rsum, cover letter, and 3
references by August 15 to Dr. Donna Nemeth, Curator, 6450 Coki Point, St.
Thomas, USVI 00802.  Submission by email (dnemeth@coralworldvi.com) or fax
(340-77 5-9068) preferred.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Aug  3 14:02:25 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA21198 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 14:02:24 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA04936; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 14:07:03 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma004872; Tue, 3 Aug 99 14:06:02 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 14:02:59 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA10725; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 17:27:07 GMT
Received: from wcs.winmarconsulting.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA10714; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 13:27:00 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by 163.61.winmar.hypercon.com with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
	id <PV6Y1JG3>; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 12:24:42 -0500
Message-Id: <9187DAFC4EB1D21196B50008C733ED9104CB03@163.61.winmar.hypercon.com>
From: James Wiseman <james@winmarconsulting.com>
To: "'coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov'" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: RE: Artificial reef
Date: Tue, 3 Aug 1999 12:24:40 -0500
MIME-Version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: James Wiseman <james@winmarconsulting.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 445
Hi Olivier,
If you have some free time, try browsing the LA Rigs-to-Reefs Program home
page at:
http://www.wlf.state.la.us/wsdocs/Artificial%20Reef/index.htm
<http://www.wlf.state.la.us/wsdocs/Artificial%20Reef/index.htm>
Maybe you can find some references or people to talk to there.
My company managed the first donation to the program in 1987.
HTH
James Wiseman
Houston TX
-----Original Message-----
From: Olivier Tyack [mailto:otyack@intnet.mu]
Sent: Monday, August 02, 1999 7:56 AM
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Artificial reef
Dear all,
Our society has created 14 artificial reefs using old vessels.
We would like to implement an ecological sudy/monitoring.
Has any similar scientific study been done elsewere on the same subject ?
If yes please contact us or send us the reference of papers.
Any recent reference on all scientific papers dealing with artificial reef
made of old ships will be usefull.
Regards.
Olivier Tyack
president Mauritius Marine Conservation Society
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Aug  3 15:35:34 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA25247 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 15:35:33 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA15681; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 15:41:11 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma015564; Tue, 3 Aug 99 15:40:35 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 15:37:19 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA11251; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 19:00:55 GMT
Received: from acd.ufrj.br by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id PAA11210; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 15:00:44 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from [146.164.124.135] by acd.ufrj.br (AIX 4.1/UCB 5.64/4.03)
          id AA18702; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 15:54:03 -0300
Message-Id: <9908031854.AA18702@acd.ufrj.br>
X-Sender: bsegal@acd.ufrj.br
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 4.0.2
Date: Tue, 03 Aug 1999 16:04:24 -0300
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Barbara Segal <bsegal@acd.ufrj.br>
Subject: Reproduction
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	types="text/plain,text/html";
	boundary="=====================_3362558==_.ALT"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Barbara Segal <bsegal@acd.ufrj.br>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 446
--=====================_3362558==_.ALT
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Dear coral listers:
I am a Brazilian M.Sc. student of the National Museum of Rio de Janeiro. I=
 am
beginning to work on the reproductive biology of Siderastrea stellata, an
endemic species. However I have some doubts and there are few works dealing
with species of this family. I would like to know if there are someone=
 working
with this theme or if there are some papers. I am already aware of the
following papers:
Duerden, 1902 and 1904; Szmant-Froelich, 1984 and 1986; Soong, 1991; Guzm=E1=
n &
Holst, 1993.
P.S.: Any information on reproduction of Scolymia will be also appreciated.
Sincerely,
Monica (hlins@openlink.com.br)
--=====================_3362558==_.ALT
Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<html>
Dear coral listers:<br>
<br>
I am a Brazilian M.Sc. student of the National Museum of Rio de Janeiro.
I am beginning to work on the reproductive biology of <i>Siderastrea
stellata</i>, an endemic species. However I have some doubts and there
are few works dealing with species of this family. I would like to know
if there are someone working with this theme or if there are some papers.
I am already aware of the following papers:<br>
Duerden, 1902 and 1904; Szmant-Froelich, 1984 and 1986; Soong, 1991;
Guzm=E1n &amp; Holst, 1993.<br>
P.S.: Any information on reproduction of Scolymia will be also
appreciated.<br>
<br>
Sincerely,<br>
Monica (hlins@openlink.com.br)<br>
</html>
--=====================_3362558==_.ALT--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Aug  3 22:34:30 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id WAA07275 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 22:34:29 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA01713; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 22:41:06 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma001700; Tue, 3 Aug 99 22:40:10 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 22:37:16 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id BAA01796; Wed, 4 Aug 1999 01:47:33 GMT
Received: from mx03.together.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id VAA01790; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 21:46:46 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from GustavW (dial-102-MAX-SJVT-02.ramp.together.net [208.5.164.230])
	by mx03.together.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id VAA20308
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 21:49:11 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <001601bede1b$d4e4cbc0$e6a405d0@GustavW.Verderber>
From: "Gustav W.  Verderber" <acmaea@together.net>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Seeking Marine Educator Position
Date: Tue, 3 Aug 1999 21:51:08 -0400
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.3110.1
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Gustav W.  Verderber" <acmaea@together.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 447
Dear Colleagues,
As mine is a somewhat unconventional CV unlikely to closely match most
standard faculty positions, I am using the Internet to explore the
opportunities for part-time and/or full-time appointments in a marine
science department preferably in the northeastern or northwestern United
States.  In short, I am a marine naturalist with a M.S. in invertebrate
zoology, educator, nature writer, and a professional nature photographer.
My passions include teaching any aspect of natural history, biology,
environmental science, writing about and photographing the natural world,
and music (piano, folk).  My skills range from shipboard operations (learned
during a brief stint as a first mate on a fishing boat in the Florida Keys),
to SCUBA, audiovisual production, and environmental interpretation.  I lead
natural history and photography workshops to national and international
destinations.  My essays have been published in literary reviews and my
photographic work has been featured in and on the cover of Natural History
magazine.
I have much to offer a marine science department that engages students in a
wide range of interactions with the environment, as scholars, educators,
writers, or artists.  Additionally, my practical skills, I am sure, would
prove useful to a department actively engaged in marine research.
For the past ten years, I have taught as an adjunct professor in the biology
and environmental science department at Johnson State College in northern
Vermont.  Recently, I have begun work on several book projects, including an
environmental interpretation textbook and an illustrated natural history of
the marine intertidal.  Though I am only 6.5 hours from the Maine coast, I
yearn to immerse myself in a marine setting.
If you have any insights regarding possible opportunities that would enable
me to continue my educational and interpretive work within a marine science
department, I would very much appreciate hearing from you.  For more
information about my background, my publications, and me, please visit my
home page at the URL given below.
With gratitude and respect,
Gustav W. Verderber
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Education  *  Natural History & Photo Workshops  *  Photography  *  Writing
See "FRAMING NATURE" in the summer/fall, 1999 issue of VERMONT MAGAZINE
1999-2000 Workshops: Acadia National Park/Galapagos Islands/Florida Keys
http://www.together.net/~acmaea
acmaea@together.net
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Aug  4 13:33:25 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA03523 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 4 Aug 1999 13:33:24 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA17265; Wed, 4 Aug 1999 13:38:03 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma017246; Wed, 4 Aug 99 13:37:19 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 4 Aug 1999 13:33:56 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA06900; Wed, 4 Aug 1999 16:51:50 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA06908; Wed, 4 Aug 1999 12:51:44 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA14126; Wed, 4 Aug 1999 12:56:12 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma014048; Wed, 4 Aug 99 12:55:12 -0400
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA01591 for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 4 Aug 1999 12:48:32 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA14030; Wed, 4 Aug 1999 12:55:10 -0400
Received: from ocrmhq.nos.noaa.gov(140.90.167.134) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma013955; Wed, 4 Aug 99 12:54:30 -0400
Received: from noaa.gov ([140.90.116.196]) by OCRMHQ.NOS.NOAA.GOV
          (Netscape Messaging Server 3.62)  with ESMTP id 520;
          Wed, 4 Aug 1999 12:51:52 -0400
Message-Id: <37A87DF8.F9AD48E5@noaa.gov>
Date: Wed, 04 Aug 1999 11:53:04 -0600
From: "G.P. Schmahl" <George.Schmahl@noaa.gov>
Organization: Ocean and Coastal Resource Management
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 (Macintosh; U; PPC)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: EricHugo@aol.com
CC: coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Florida Keys sea temperatures
References: <b1164ad7.24d86149@aol.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii; x-mac-type="54455854"; x-mac-creator="4D4F5353"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "G.P. Schmahl" <George.Schmahl@noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 448
Eric - Thanks for your interest in the Flower Gardens and Stetson Bank.  As you
no doubt know, these features are part of NOAA's Flower Garden Banks National
Marine Sanctuary.  We are always interested in any observations concerning reef
health and resource conditions within the Sanctuary.  Please copy me with any
interesting observations relating to bleaching, disease or other resource
phenomena for our ongoing database.
As an update to the coral list, as of 7/28/99, there was no observable
bleaching noted at either the East or West Flower Garden Banks.  The Sanctuary,
in conjumction with the Minerals Management Service, has supported a long-term
monitoring effort at the Flower Garden Banks since 1988.  (And other monitoring
efforts were conducted through Texas A&M University dating back to the early
1970's).  The monitoring program is presently being implemented by a research
group from Texas A&M University - Corpus Christi, under the direction of Dr.
Quenton Dokken.  This monitoring effort includes the deployment of recording
thermographs which document water temperature at 20 minute intervals.  In
addition, Li Cor light sensors and data loggers have been deployed at both
Banks to measure light intensity at the reef surface.  Unfortuneately, these
are not real-time devices, but recent data from the thermographs and light
sensors were downloaded during the cruise last week.  Therefore, bleaching
(when or if it occurs) can be directly correlated to water temperature and
light intensity regimes.  Surveys of indicators of coral reef health are
conducted throughout the year by sanctuary staff and other researchers in
addition to the full long-term monitoring effort which is carried out in the
late summer.  Typically, if bleaching occurs at the Flower Gardens, it happens
later in the season than in the Florida Keys or other locations in the
Caribbean.
Interested parties may refer to the most recent publication of the monitoring
effort data:
Dokken, Q.R.et al. 1998.  Long-term Monitoring of the East and West Flower
Garden Banks, 1996-1997.  OCS Study MMS 99-0005, USDOI, Minerals Management
Service, Gulf of Mexico OCS Region, New Orleans, LA.   101 pp.
 The Flower Garden Banks continue to be relatively disease-free.  Incidence of
the types of diseases that have affected other areas in the Caribbean are very
rare.  However, one obvious source of coral mortality is inflicted by intense
grazing of parrot fish.  This can result in areas of stark white dead coral
patches which can cover 1/4 square meter or more, and is sometimes mistaken for
coral disease.  Scientists are unsure why this phenomena is apparently more
intense at the Flower Gardens than other reef locations.
For more information about the research and monitoring program at the Flower
Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary, please contact Emma Hickerson, Research
Coordinator at "emma.hickerson@noaa.gov".
EricHugo@aol.com wrote:
> Hi, Jim and list:
>
> I am going to the Flower Gardens and Stetson Banks in ten days.  I will look
> for evidence of bleaching there, as well as photo-document any noted disease
> or other problems I notice.  I will update you and the list if needed.
> Hopefully, there won't be a single problem there!  If there is anything in
> particular anyone would like me to look for, please let me know by email.
>
> Eric Borneman
--
G.P. Schmahl
Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary
216 W. 26th Street, Suite 104
Bryan, TX   77803
(409) 779-2705
(409) 779-2334 (fax)
george.schmahl@noaa.gov
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Aug  5 11:10:24 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA14276 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 5 Aug 1999 11:10:23 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA29131; Thu, 5 Aug 1999 11:17:03 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma029066; Thu, 5 Aug 99 11:16:08 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 5 Aug 1999 11:12:34 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA13543; Thu, 5 Aug 1999 14:14:44 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA13539; Thu, 5 Aug 1999 10:14:34 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA22738; Thu, 5 Aug 1999 10:19:02 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma022560; Thu, 5 Aug 99 10:18:03 -0400
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA29627 for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 5 Aug 1999 10:11:22 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA22556; Thu, 5 Aug 1999 10:18:01 -0400
Received: from ns.ibw.com.ni(200.30.36.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma022515; Thu, 5 Aug 99 10:17:38 -0400
Received: from ppp.ibw.com.ni (mdig91.ibw.com.ni [216.226.201.37])
	by ns.ibw.com.ni (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id IAA25182
	for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 5 Aug 1999 08:14:42 -0600 (CST)
Message-Id: <3.0.2.32.19990804201509.0068e114@pop1.ibw.com.ni>
X-Sender: dipal@pop1.ibw.com.ni
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.2 (32)
Date: Wed, 04 Aug 1999 20:15:09 -0700
To: coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
From: Pdipal <dipal@ibw.com.ni>
Subject: Lobster
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Pdipal <dipal@ibw.com.ni>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 449
I was wondering whether anybody knows if the heads of lobsters thrown into
a confined body of water (diameter 100m) would drive away other lobsters.
There is a proposal to set up a small collection point for lobster on one
of the Pearl Keys (on two others there already is one). This would mean
that they would throw away the lobster heads and save the tail on ice. This
Key has a large bay with two openings, inside the bay the maximum depth is
2 meter with not too much current going through it. Some fisherman are now
afraid that all these heads will scare away the remaining lobsters when
they throw them inside the bay (on the otherside of the island there is
quite a steep drop off until 20 meters so there won't be any effect).
Could anybody help me with this question?
thanks
Mariska Weijerman
DIPAL II
Pearl Lagoon
RAAS
Nicaragua
tel/fax: + 505 82 21 777
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Aug  5 16:54:35 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA16577 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 5 Aug 1999 16:54:34 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA10120; Thu, 5 Aug 1999 16:59:13 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma010101; Thu, 5 Aug 99 16:58:55 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 5 Aug 1999 16:55:56 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA15690; Thu, 5 Aug 1999 20:22:57 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA15816; Thu, 5 Aug 1999 16:22:49 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA06909; Thu, 5 Aug 1999 16:25:34 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma006852; Thu, 5 Aug 99 16:24:36 -0400
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA07426 for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 5 Aug 1999 16:19:54 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA06829; Thu, 5 Aug 1999 16:24:34 -0400
Received: from wsuhub.uc.twsu.edu(156.26.1.1) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma006772; Thu, 5 Aug 99 16:24:15 -0400
Received: from mc236a ([156.26.122.23])
 by WSUHUB.UC.TWSU.EDU (PMDF V5.1-12 #D3148)
 with SMTP id <01JEEVP51EJEI1HU7S@WSUHUB.UC.TWSU.EDU> for
 coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov; Thu, 5 Aug 1999 15:23:09 CST
Date: Thu, 05 Aug 1999 15:16:38 -0500
From: "Dr. Burke" <burke@twsuvm.uc.twsu.edu>
Subject: email for C. L Smith
X-Sender: burke@twsuvm.uc.twsu.edu
To: coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Message-Id: <3.0.2.32.19990805151638.0074fedc@twsuvm.uc.twsu.edu>
MIME-version: 1.0
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.2 (32)
Content-type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Dr. Burke" <burke@twsuvm.uc.twsu.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 450
Having checked the online directory, I can find no address for C. L.
(Leavet?) Smith .  Does anybody have this address (email preferably)?  I
appreciate your help.  Thanks  Collette
Collette D. Burke
Chair and Assoc. Professor, Geology Dept.
Wichita State University
Phone: 316-978-3140
Fax: 316-978-3431
email: burke@twsuvm.uc.twsu.edu
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Aug  5 19:08:52 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id TAA23351 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 5 Aug 1999 19:08:52 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA15792; Thu, 5 Aug 1999 19:15:32 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma015777; Thu, 5 Aug 99 19:15:08 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 5 Aug 1999 19:12:10 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id WAA16038; Thu, 5 Aug 1999 22:45:30 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id SAA15834; Thu, 5 Aug 1999 18:45:24 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA15074; Thu, 5 Aug 1999 18:48:09 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma015056; Thu, 5 Aug 99 18:47:10 -0400
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id SAA15897 for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 5 Aug 1999 18:40:28 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA15053; Thu, 5 Aug 1999 18:47:08 -0400
Received: from fwu.greenpeace.org(205.156.219.7) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma015040; Thu, 5 Aug 99 18:46:42 -0400
Received: (from root@localhost) by fwu.greenpeace.org (8.9.1a/8.6.12) id AAA17173 for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 00:43:50 +0200 (MET DST)
Received: by fwu.greenpeace.org via smap (V1.3)
	id sma017112; Fri, 6 Aug 99 00:43:09 +0200
Received: from cps01.bos.us.gl3 (cps01.bos.us.gl3 [192.168.161.221])
	by  dialb.gl3 (8.8.8/8.8.6) with SMTP id SAA19116
	for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 5 Aug 1999 18:43:04 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <"199908052243.SAA19116@ dialb.gl3">
Comments: Authenticated sender is <mpenjuel@pop.bos.us.gl3>
From: "Maureen Penjueli" <mpenjuel@dialb.greenpeace.org>
Organization: Greenpeace
To: coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Date: Fri, 6 Aug 1999 10:33:15 +0000
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT
Subject: Coral Harvesting - Fiji.
X-Confirm-Reading-To: mpenjuel@dialb.greenpeace.org
X-pmrqc: 1
Priority: normal
X-mailer: Pegasus Mail for Win32 (v2.52)
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Maureen Penjueli" <mpenjuel@dialb.greenpeace.org>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 451
Bula everyone,
There is currently a huge debate in Fiji with regards to Coral
harvesting in Fiji.  A paper was commissioned by the Fisheries
Department and the industry to address the issue.
Recommendation is to allow the industry to go ahead and there is a
lot of concern in the country about the potential damage to the
country.  However support is divided between those who support the
industry and those that don't.   Fiji is becoming one of the biggest
exporters if not the biggest exporter of coral products and there is
concern regarding the damage that is done to the natural environment
which has not been adequately dealt with in the report.
We are requesting information/ contacts of scientists who have
worked on this issue to help balance the debate here in Fiji....and
provide people in Government with the necessary information.  We are
particularly interested in research conducted in Asia or regions
where there has been an impact.  We have at least a week to provide
individuals with the necessary information.  I look forward to
information that anyone could provide our office.
Vinaka.
Maureen.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug  6 03:56:31 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id DAA11772 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 03:56:30 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id EAA28091; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 04:03:10 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028078; Fri, 6 Aug 99 04:02:43 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 03:59:47 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id HAA18996; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 07:15:42 GMT
Received: from out1.ibm.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id DAA18855; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 03:15:30 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from default (slip139-92-166-120.ehv.nl.ibm.net [139.92.166.120]) by out1.ibm.net (8.8.5/8.6.9) with SMTP id HAA85100 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 07:15:23 GMT
From: "Gerard Geertjes" <geertjes@bonairenet.com>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: underwater temperature loggers
Date: Fri, 6 Aug 1999 03:04:17 -0400
Message-Id: <01bedfd9$e68f4980$LocalHost@default>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_000A_01BEDFB8.5F7DA980"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.71.1712.3
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.71.1712.3
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Gerard Geertjes" <geertjes@bonairenet.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 452
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_000A_01BEDFB8.5F7DA980
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Dear coral-listers,
My colleague Mebrahtu Ateweberhan, who works in a joint project of the =
University of Asmara (Eritrea) and the Groningen University (The =
Netherlands), seeks information on underwater temperature loggers. He is =
especially interested in experiences of other researchers with this type =
of apparatus. I forward his message:
Out of 4 temperature loggers that we purchased in 1997, only one remains =
operational. Two of the loggers were found damaged while the third one =
was reading wrong values. We think the problem is associated with the =
size and the strength of the case. We are looking for suggestions on =
data loggers with rugged and strong case that withstands the strong =
water motion and with a 0-50 oC ranges of reading. Price obviously is an =
issue as well.
Mebrahtu Ateweberhan
University of Asmara
Atewebem@biol.rug.nl
mebrahtu@marine.uoa.edu.er
Please respond directly to Mebrahtu, thanks.
Gerard J. Geertjes
Groningen University
Department of Marine Biology
Kaya Dorado 12, Bonaire
Netherlands Antilles
geertjes@bonairenet.com
phone: + 599 7 5879
fax: + 599 7 2595
------=_NextPart_000_000A_01BEDFB8.5F7DA980
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META content=3Dtext/html;charset=3Diso-8859-1 =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D'"MSHTML 4.71.1712.3"' name=3DGENERATOR>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>
<P>Dear coral-listers,</P>
<P>My colleague Mebrahtu Ateweberhan, who works in a joint project of =
the=20
University of Asmara (Eritrea) and the Groningen University (The =
Netherlands),=20
seeks information on underwater temperature loggers. He is especially =
interested=20
in experiences of other researchers with this type of apparatus. I =
forward his=20
message:</P>
<P>Out of 4 temperature loggers that we purchased in 1997, only one =
remains=20
operational. Two of the loggers were found damaged while the third one =
was=20
reading wrong values. We think the problem is associated with the size =
and the=20
strength of the case. We are looking for suggestions on data loggers =
with rugged=20
and strong case that withstands the strong water motion and with a 0-50=20
<SUP>o</SUP>C ranges of reading. Price obviously is an issue as =
well.</P>
<P>Mebrahtu Ateweberhan</P>
<P>University of Asmara</P>
<P></FONT><A href=3D"mailto:Atewebem@biol.rug.nl"><FONT=20
size=3D2>Atewebem@biol.rug.nl</FONT></A></P><FONT size=3D2>
<P></FONT><A href=3D"mailto:mebrahtu@marine.uoa.edu.er"><FONT=20
size=3D2>mebrahtu@marine.uoa.edu.er</FONT></A></P><FONT size=3D2>
<P>Please respond directly to Mebrahtu, thanks.</P>
<P>Gerard J. Geertjes<BR>Groningen University<BR>Department of Marine=20
Biology<BR>Kaya Dorado 12, Bonaire<BR>Netherlands Antilles<BR><A=20
href=3D"mailto:geertjes@bonairenet.com">geertjes@bonairenet.com</A><BR>ph=
one: +=20
599 7 5879<BR>fax: + 599 7 2595&nbsp;</P></FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_000_000A_01BEDFB8.5F7DA980--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug  6 07:25:24 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id HAA05546 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 07:25:23 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA03561; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 07:30:04 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma003545; Fri, 6 Aug 99 07:29:23 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 07:26:30 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id LAA20571; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 11:02:57 GMT
Message-Id: <199908061102.LAA20571@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: "Bruce Carlson" <carlson@soest.hawaii.edu>
To: "Maureen Penjueli" <mpenjuel@dialb.greenpeace.org>,
        <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Re: Coral Harvesting - Fiji.
Date: Thu, 5 Aug 1999 17:24:01 -1000
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Bruce Carlson" <carlson@soest.hawaii.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 453
Maureen,
I can't help much with analysis, but I think most of us would find it
"interesting" to know how many tons of live rock and coral are shipped out
of Fiji every week.  Are any data presented in the official report or in
the media?  If so, can you share that with everyone, or is the report
accessible via the internet?
Aloha
Bruce Carlson
----- Original Message -----
From: Maureen Penjueli <mpenjuel@dialb.greenpeace.org>
To: <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Sent: Friday, August 06, 1999 12:33 AM
Subject: Coral Harvesting - Fiji.
> Bula everyone,
>
> There is currently a huge debate in Fiji with regards to Coral
> harvesting in Fiji.  A paper was commissioned by the Fisheries
> Department and the industry to address the issue.
>
> Recommendation is to allow the industry to go ahead and there is a
> lot of concern in the country about the potential damage to the
> country.  However support is divided between those who support the
> industry and those that don't.   Fiji is becoming one of the biggest
> exporters if not the biggest exporter of coral products and there is
> concern regarding the damage that is done to the natural environment
> which has not been adequately dealt with in the report.
>
> We are requesting information/ contacts of scientists who have
> worked on this issue to help balance the debate here in Fiji....and
> provide people in Government with the necessary information.  We are
> particularly interested in research conducted in Asia or regions
> where there has been an impact.  We have at least a week to provide
> individuals with the necessary information.  I look forward to
> information that anyone could provide our office.
>
> Vinaka.
>
> Maureen.
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug  6 07:28:31 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id HAA06883 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 07:28:30 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA03870; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 07:35:09 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma003846; Fri, 6 Aug 99 07:34:48 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 07:31:52 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id LAA20631; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 11:05:13 GMT
Message-Id: <199908061105.LAA20631@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: mking@samoa.net.ws (Mike King)
To: <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Catamarans for tuna fishing
Date: Thu, 5 Aug 1999 17:18:01 -1100
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: mking@samoa.net.ws (Mike King)
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 454
Samoa has a growing tuna longline fishery in which aluminum catamarans are
the main vessels utilized by the local fishermen.  The tuna fishery is now
the biggest export earner in the country.  As the industry has grown so
quickly many local boat builders have constructed vessels without
following approved plans from marine architects.  The government is now
requiring that all fishing vessels are surveyed.
What we would like to know: is there a formula for determing the beam size
holding the two hulls together in relation to the boat length?  For
example:
a 8.5 m catamaran might require 10 cm by 10 cm beams and
a 9.0 m catamaran might require 12 cm by 12 cm beams
etc
Grateful for any info.  Peter Watt
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug  6 08:48:51 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA28700 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 08:48:51 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA09676; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 08:55:31 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma009643; Fri, 6 Aug 99 08:55:04 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 08:52:10 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA21212; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 12:21:03 GMT
Received: from spamgaad.compuserve.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id IAA21109; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 08:20:57 -0400 (EDT)
Received: (from mailgate@localhost)
	by spamgaad.compuserve.com (8.9.3/8.9.3/SUN-1.3) id IAA15670
	for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 08:20:52 -0400 (EDT)
Date: Fri, 6 Aug 1999 08:20:28 -0400
From: Julian Sprung <JSprung@compuserve.com>
Subject: Coral Harvesting - Fiji.
To: "Maureen Penjueli" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Message-Id: <199908060820_MC2-800D-6D10@compuserve.com>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	 charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Disposition: inline
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Julian Sprung <JSprung@compuserve.com>
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id IAA28700
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 455
Bula Maureen,
I agree with Bruce, but want to point out some important considerations for
interpreting the data.
The figures for live rock and corals must not be lumped together, as that
would represent an extreme miscalculation. The live rock harvested from
Fiji is composed of and constructed mostly by coralline algae. There is
some Montipora, Leptastrea, Psammocora and Porites among it, but the
majority throughout is just coralline algae. So, figures of "how many tons
of live rock" do not equal how much coral. I would estimate that the rock
is not more than 10% coral by weight, probably much less.
On the subject of weight, the live rock is wet, so the weights quoted
include quite a bit of water. That should be considered too.
The weight of water may also be a factor in "tonnage" of live corals
reported, as they are typically shipped submerged in a bag of water,
suspended by a styrofoam float. The figures for live corals should be
reported as number of pieces, not weight.
It should be pointed out to concerned parties that the corals harvested are
typically fist-sized colonies that represent between six months and two
years growth, and they are often but not always fragments found unattached,
having broken off of larger colonies. This represents a completely
renewable resource and a viable industry for Fiji, provided that no extreme
loss of coral to an ENSO event occurs there.
I have seen the kind of Area in Fiji where the live rock is harvested. The
areas are vast. It is not taken from "among the corals" as concerned
parties might imagine. It occurs in a large region far behind the reefs,
where this particular type of coralline algae forms porous lumpy rocks
unattached to the bottom, and covered on top with various species of
macroalgae. What I do not know is the growth rate of these coralline
stones, so I cannot comment on the level of harvest that can be termed
sustainable.
Sincerely,
Julian Sprung
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug  6 09:58:25 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA17338 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 09:58:24 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA16372; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 10:03:04 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma016297; Fri, 6 Aug 99 10:02:39 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 09:59:45 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA21413; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 13:26:32 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id JAA18889; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 09:26:27 -0400 (EDT)
From: EricHugo@aol.com
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA12550; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 09:29:11 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma012392; Fri, 6 Aug 99 09:28:10 -0400
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA07694 for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 09:21:28 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA12385; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 09:28:09 -0400
Received: from imo18.mx.aol.com(198.81.17.8) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma012364; Fri, 6 Aug 99 09:28:07 -0400
Received: from EricHugo@aol.com
	by imo18.mx.aol.com (mail_out_v22.4.) id bCRIa02400 (4313);
	Fri, 6 Aug 1999 09:24:06 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <f367cd49.24dc3bf6@aol.com>
Date: Fri, 6 Aug 1999 09:24:06 EDT
Subject: Re: Coral Harvesting - Fiji.
To: carlson@soest.hawaii.edu, coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Mailer: AOL for Macintosh sub 54
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: EricHugo@aol.com
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 456
Hi, Bruce and all:
I found this post to be extremely interesting.  For the past five months, I
have been in communication with both Austin Bowden-Kirby (Fiji) and Andy
Bruckner and we have been comparing notes from various sources regarding the
numbers of corals coming out of Fiji.  It seems clear by general availability
in retail and wholesale outlets that Fiji corals have, for a couple years,
been a predominant source of scleractinia.  Although perhaps this is
"visually" deceptive, they seemed to far outpace in number and species
diversity those originating from Indonesia, esepecially for certain species
which have become far more available than, say, five years ago. Specifically,
species of Acropora, Montipora, Merulina, Pectinia, Heliopora, Millepora,
Pavona, Hydnophora,Lobophyllia, and many of the Fungiidae have become quite
more available.   Unfortunately, this does not seem to have happened in
substitution for the still overwhelmingly large number of the "old" standbys
of Goniopora, Euphyllia, Trachyphyllia and Catalaphyllia that still
predominantly originate out of Indonesia.  Rather, it has been "in addition
to" those other sources.
Perhaps more disturbing is the recent acceptance of shipment of live
scleractinia originating in the Philippines despite legislation in both
importing and exporting c ountries to prevent this trade. But that is another
story.
After reviewing many pertinent reports, especially those various TRAFFIC
reports, Bentley, Green, etc., it appears that numbers are still
significantly underreported.  One of the disturbing aspects in Fiji, for me
at least, is the Secretary-allowed exclusion of Tridacnid exports despite
legislation prohibiting this trade.  As you may know, there are quite a large
number of wild Tridacnids originating from this area to the marine aquarium
trade.  Furthermore, the relatively low amount of protected areas cannot be
helping relative rates of exploitation (or overexploitation as the case may
be).
I do have the numbers for the Fijian trade by species, disposition, and exact
number destined for the US over the past five years.  This includes marine
fish, invertebrates, corals, live rock, etc.  They are quite a bit higher,
apparently, than those provided by CITES sources and Fiji sources.  They also
contrast with sources that related the trade by weight (a very difficult
thing to analayze in terms of effect and number of organisms collected, as
estimates of coral weight must be made...some of which may be quite a bit
off, especially because of  differences in skeletal density and in the amount
of water present.   The numbers are further likely to be underreported
because of the inability of USF&W inspectors to examine the masssive numbers
of shipments.  Consequently, there will be many extra animals entering as the
well known "box stuffers."  These are typically animals which were "unwanted"
by most sources for some reason (unsuitability for captivity?) or were caught
in abundance during some period.
I hope that some of the discrepancies in number and type can be resolved
soon, and I will be submitting this work for publication in the future.
However, to give you an idea, there have been over 1,500,000 live Acropora
spp. from Fiji to the US over five years.  In 1994, there were 74,000
collected. In 1998, there were 274, 680 collected.  The trends for other
corals show similar increases. For live rock, 22, 625,666 pieces were
reported to enter the US.  In 1994, there were 295,568 pieces. In 1998, there
were 8,249,458 pieces.  This correlates well with what is apparent in retail
outlets as Fiji live rock is, to say the least, abundant and cheap.
I hope to be able to provide the rest of the trade data soon for Fiji and
other countries, some of which are most...shall we say, unusual, as they do
not have coral reefs and yet appear as countries of origin on manifests and
reports.  This will have to be resolved in light of the other reports already
out, as well as for simple clarification.
Eric Borneman
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug  6 10:21:58 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA24115 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 10:21:57 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA18450; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 10:27:38 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma018367; Fri, 6 Aug 99 10:26:41 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 10:22:08 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA22045; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 13:51:48 GMT
Received: from imo13.mx.aol.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id JAA21838; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 09:51:42 -0400 (EDT)
From: EricHugo@aol.com
Received: from EricHugo@aol.com
	by imo13.mx.aol.com (mail_out_v22.4.) id fMGAa13741 (4010);
	Fri, 6 Aug 1999 09:51:23 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <d73c8a4e.24dc425b@aol.com>
Date: Fri, 6 Aug 1999 09:51:23 EDT
Subject: Re: Coral Harvesting - Fiji.
To: JSprung@compuserve.com, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Mailer: AOL for Macintosh sub 54
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: EricHugo@aol.com
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 457
In a message dated 8/6/99 6:30:24 AM, JSprung@compuserve.com writes:
<< The live rock harvested from
Fiji is composed of and constructed mostly by coralline algae. There is
some Montipora, Leptastrea, Psammocora and Porites among it, but the
majority throughout is just coralline algae. So, figures of "how many tons
of live rock" do not equal how much coral. I would estimate that the rock
is not more than 10% coral by weight, probably much less. >>
Hi Julian:
The concern I have is not merely for the presence of scleractinia but as a
general loss of habitat.  This live rock provides important spatial
heterogeneity for a huge number of organisms.  the number of organisms in 1
cubic meter of "live rock" has been estimated at over 1,000,000 organisms.
While "rubble zones" may not provide a good site for the long term survival
of juvenile coral settlement, the habitat does provide for both hard and soft
substrate flora and fauna which is part of the ecosystem.  Scleractinia are
typically the focus of ENSO events and are the most "colorful" items to
report to media sources. Far fewer studies, if any, are done to assess the
impact of collection on, say, various coelobites. Or the relative effects of
mass bleaching events or high SST's on photosynthetic subsurface flora and
fauna.  What discourages me most is the reckless abandon with which such live
rock substrate is handled following collection. This has gotten much worse
over recent years as availability has increased and prices dropped
dramatically. The rock is nearly dry and sits unsubmerged for a week or more
before arriving to a facility which then "cures" it - be it wholesale, retail
or consumer level.  At this point, only a smattering of the original life
remains, and even much of the coralline algae is lost.  The low prices of
this substrate (and, for that matter, wild collected corals and fish) has
also put an extreme economic disadvantage to those who are aquaculturing live
rock and working towards creating a sustainable industry.
<<On the subject of weight, the live rock is wet, so the weights quoted
include quite a bit of water. That should be considered too.
The weight of water may also be a factor in "tonnage" of live corals
reported, as they are typically shipped submerged in a bag of water,
suspended by a styrofoam float. The figures for live corals should be
reported as number of pieces, not weight.>>
The numbers I quoted in the other reponse are by piece and not weight.
<<This represents a completely
renewable resource and a viable industry for Fiji,>>
I don't think there is enough data available, especially given the stresses
present on reefs today, to accurately assess what comprises "completely
renewable", much less "viable."
<<What I do not know is the growth rate of these coralline
stones, so I cannot comment on the level of harvest that can be termed
sustainable. >>
Given that the rubble zones have material originating from reef zones which
are periodically buried and then uncovered, as well as added to as storms
break off other pieces of reef material and are acted on by large bioerosive
and mechanical forces - and that one must consider the total flora and fauna,
not just the growth rate of surface growing crustose corallines, I don't
think it likely that sustainable levels will be easily determined.  What
seems to be a more valid question is the necessity of tons of wild living
substrate being virtually killed to provide substrate for aquaria. I am an
aquarist, and I even partially earn my income from the hobby through my
writings, and clearly recognize the *potential* of the private sector to
provide important information in terms of observations and husbandry of
marine organisms.   However, so long as the economics of mass export of cheap
, poorly handled, wild collected material prevents carefully managed,
non-destructive and sustainable aquaculture from becoming the source for such
large amounts of reef biota, it is very hard to rationalize its continuance.
I think viable economic alternatives must be put into place immediately, if
not sooner, given the status of the world's reefs,
Eric Borneman
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug  6 10:24:59 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA24816 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 10:24:58 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA18677; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 10:30:39 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma018650; Fri, 6 Aug 99 10:29:59 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 10:26:35 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA22035; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 13:52:05 GMT
Received: from seas.marine.usf.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id JAA21993; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 09:51:59 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from jivey (jivey.marine.usf.edu [198.116.55.45])
	by seas.marine.usf.edu (8.9.1a/8.9.1) with SMTP id JAA07324;
	Fri, 6 Aug 1999 09:51:41 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <3.0.5.32.19990806095008.007d4b60@seas.marine.usf.edu>
X-Sender: jivey@seas.marine.usf.edu
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.5 (32)
Date: Fri, 06 Aug 1999 09:50:08 -0400
To: "Gerard Geertjes" <geertjes@bonairenet.com>,
        <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: Jim Ivey <jivey@seas.marine.usf.edu>
Subject: Re: underwater temperature loggers
In-Reply-To: <01bedfd9$e68f4980$LocalHost@default>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jim Ivey <jivey@seas.marine.usf.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 458
Dear Gerard,
	My suggestion would be to stick with inexpensive loggers but have a
machine shop make your housing.  I designed a number of housings for
optical instruments and junction boxes.  I use schedule 80 aluminum pipe
and have it anodized.  If you use a marine bulkhead connector on the
housing, you can further isolate the housing from water leakage through the
cable.  If you are really concerned about water leakage, filling the
housing with insulating oil adds an extra measure of safety.  I can send
you a CAD drawing of one of the housings I have designed.  Let me know if
you would like one.
Sincerely,
Jim Ivey
At 03:04 AM 8/6/99 -0400, Gerard Geertjes wrote:
>     Dear coral-listers, My colleague Mebrahtu Ateweberhan, who works in a
>joint project of the  University of Asmara (Eritrea) and the Groningen
>University (The Netherlands),  seeks information on underwater temperature
>loggers. He is especially interested  in experiences of other researchers
>with this type of apparatus. I forward his  message: Out of 4 temperature
>loggers that we purchased in 1997, only one remains  operational. Two of
>the loggers were found damaged while the third one was  reading wrong
>values. We think the problem is associated with the size and the  strength
>of the case. We are looking for suggestions on data loggers with rugged
>and strong case that withstands the strong water motion and with a 0-50  oC
>ranges of reading. Price obviously is an issue as well. Mebrahtu
>Ateweberhan University of Asmara Atewebem@biol.rug.nl
>mebrahtu@marine.uoa.edu.er Please respond directly to Mebrahtu, thanks.
>Gerard J. Geertjes
>Groningen University
>Department of Marine  Biology
>Kaya Dorado 12, Bonaire
>Netherlands Antilles
>geertjes@bonairenet.com
>phone: +  599 7 5879
>
-------------------------------------------------------------
James E. Ivey 		   |	Tel# (727) 553-1503
University of S. Florida   |	Fax# (727) 553-1189
140 7th Ave S.		   |	e-mail: jivey@marine.usf.edu
St. Petersburg, FL 33701   |
-------------------------------------------------------------
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug  6 11:27:45 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA12509 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 11:27:44 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA23261; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 11:34:24 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma023237; Fri, 6 Aug 99 11:33:41 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 11:30:43 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA22454; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 15:00:57 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA22461; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 11:00:41 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA20989; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 11:03:25 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma020877; Fri, 6 Aug 99 11:02:26 -0400
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA03592 for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 10:57:43 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA20871; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 11:02:25 -0400
Received: from postal.interaccess.com(207.208.133.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma020815; Fri, 6 Aug 99 11:02:04 -0400
Received: from uw2r1 (d231.focal7.interaccess.com [207.208.187.231])
	by postal.interaccess.com (8.9.0/8.9.0) with SMTP id JAA21474;
	Fri, 6 Aug 1999 09:59:23 -0500 (CDT)
Message-Id: <3.0.6.32.19990806100442.00795100@pop.interaccess.com>
X-Sender: mlkjr@pop.interaccess.com
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.6 (32)
Date: Fri, 06 Aug 1999 10:04:42 -0500
To: "Maureen Penjueli" <mpenjuel@dialb.greenpeace.org>
From: Mike and Marelet Kirda <mlkjr@interaccess.com>
Subject: Re: Coral Harvesting - Fiji.
Cc: coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
In-Reply-To: <199908052243.SAA19116@ dialb.gl3>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Mike and Marelet Kirda <mlkjr@interaccess.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 459
At 10:33 AM 8/6/99 +0000, you wrote:
>Bula everyone,
>
>There is currently a huge debate in Fiji with regards to Coral
>harvesting in Fiji.  A paper was commissioned by the Fisheries
>Department and the industry to address the issue.
>
>Recommendation is to allow the industry to go ahead and there is a
>lot of concern in the country about the potential damage to the
>country.  However support is divided between those who support the
>industry and those that don't.   Fiji is becoming one of the biggest
>exporters if not the biggest exporter of coral products and there is
>concern regarding the damage that is done to the natural environment
>which has not been adequately dealt with in the report.
Bula, Maureen.
I wanted to add my comments as an informed and concerned hobbyist.
There is little doubt that coral collection *could* harm a reef if
the collection pressure is high enough. The vast majority of corals
coming into the US still seem to be those physically chipped off the
reef, as Julian described. My feeling is that 'normal' collection
pressure would likely influence species composition, though likely
not overall biomass.
What is more disturbing, frankly, is the attitudes of the stores here
in the US- As you likely already know, there are alternatives to
the collection as outlined above. There is a 'farming' operation in
the Solomon Islands where local women go collect some small fragments
off the reef itself (i.e. the equivalent of storm damage) and bring
them back to mount on small cement disks. These are then grown out
in a local lagoon for 3 to 6 months and then harvested.
What is most amazing about these cultured colonies is that their
rate of shipping death is amazingly low- typically well under 1%,
assuming no delays in shipping. Compare that with chipped off colony
corals- I think we are happy to see only a 10% loss, and they are
often much higher: 40 to 80% is not that uncommon.
Yet even given the low rate of loss, most retailers will not carry
cultured corals. They are 'too small' or 'too expensive': even though
wholesale they are but a buck or two higher in cost...
Many of the more informed hobbyists have taken a course of 'no wild
caught colonies, period'. My own tank has maybe three colonies- the
others are all grown from fragments given to me by other hobbyists,
either for cash or trade. However, we are but a few, and seem to
have the entire industry against us.
I would love to see countries like Fiji get to the point where they
limit wild coral collection to a few thousand colonies a year, or
even shut it down completely, but encourage the creation of cultured
coral 'farms' as an alternative. I think it would be in everyone's
best interests. The US would be forced to import these ecologically
sound alternatives, Fijian collectors could become farmers, and the
'industry' would still have access to corals. Everyone wins.
I do hope that this post was helpful to you.
Best regards.
Mike Kirda
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug  6 11:57:22 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA20636 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 11:57:21 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA26058; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 12:03:59 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma026011; Fri, 6 Aug 99 12:03:31 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 12:00:30 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA22757; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 15:34:00 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA22667; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 11:33:43 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA23409; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 11:36:27 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma023378; Fri, 6 Aug 99 11:35:59 -0400
Received: from mermaid.blur (mermaid [172.16.105.1])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA12947 for <coral-list@coral>; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 11:31:17 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from localhost by mermaid.blur (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4)
	id LAA01141; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 11:31:17 -0400
Date: Fri, 6 Aug 1999 11:31:17 -0400 (EDT)
From: Jim Hendee <Jim.Hendee@noaa.gov>
X-Sender: hendee@mermaid
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: coral-list news
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.03.9908061126490.1042-200000@mermaid>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: MULTIPART/MIXED; BOUNDARY="-559023410-1123266456-933953477=:1042"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jim Hendee <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 460
  This message is in MIME format.  The first part should be readable text,
  while the remaining parts are likely unreadable without MIME-aware tools.
  Send mail to mime@docserver.cac.washington.edu for more info.
---559023410-1123266456-933953477=:1042
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Greetings,
        For various logistical reasons, I have just opened the list back
up for new subscriptions.  We have about 20 new subscribers (1184 total).
        Elsewhere in the news, I would just like to ask all our new (and
some old) subscribers to be sure to read the Welcome Message [please save
it!] carefully.  To summarize the salient points, please only post
messages regarding coral research or news; do your research first before
you post a question (availing yourself of the library and the literature
links on the CHAMP Page, and elsewhere); try to find your long lost
collague via the Online Researcher's link on CHAMP and the usual Web
personal locators, before trying to find them via coral-list; do not post
overtly commercial messages (this does not include non-profit
organizations trying to pay their way with coral-related publications and
services); and please be courteous.
	Thank you for your thoughts and support.
	Cheers,
	Jim Hendee
	coral-list administrator
---559023410-1123266456-933953477=:1042
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII; name="coral.rap"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: BASE64
Content-ID: <Pine.GSO.4.03.9908061131170.1042@mermaid>
Content-Description: Ye Olde Welcome Message
Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="coral.rap"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---559023410-1123266456-933953477=:1042--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug  6 12:25:54 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA28224 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 12:25:54 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA28783; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 12:32:33 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028744; Fri, 6 Aug 99 12:31:42 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 12:28:42 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA23023; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 16:13:49 GMT
Message-Id: <199908061613.QAA23023@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: gene@tutuila.gsfc.nasa.gov
Date: Fri, 6 Aug 1999 09:10:21 -0400
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Catamarans for tuna fishing
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: gene@tutuila.gsfc.nasa.gov
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 461
This message brings back some very fond memories for me. As a former Peace
Corps Volunteer in Western Samoa (1974-77) I participated in the first
boat building activities of the Western Samoan Fisheries Division.  We had
a terrific naval architect and boat builder who worked with the United
Nation's Food and Agriculture Organization who designed plywood catamarans
based along the lines of the traditional Samoan alia.  These boats were
quite successful.  His name was Oyvind Gulbrandsen and perhaps someone can
try and contact him via FAO to see if he could help answer your question.
Best regards, gene feldman
On Aug 5,  5:18pm, Mike King wrote:
> Subject: Catamarans for tuna fishing
> Samoa has a growing tuna longline fishery in which aluminum catamarans are
> the main vessels utilized by the local fishermen.  The tuna fishery is now
> the biggest export earner in the country.  As the industry has grown so
> quickly many local boat builders have constructed vessels without
> following approved plans from marine architects.  The government is now
> requiring that all fishing vessels are surveyed.
>
> What we would like to know: is there a formula for determing the beam size
> holding the two hulls together in relation to the boat length?  For
> example:
>
> a 8.5 m catamaran might require 10 cm by 10 cm beams and
> a 9.0 m catamaran might require 12 cm by 12 cm beams
> etc
>
> Grateful for any info.  Peter Watt
>
>-- End of excerpt from Mike King
--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug  6 13:42:37 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA19640 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 13:42:35 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA05257; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 13:49:15 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma005227; Fri, 6 Aug 99 13:49:09 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 13:42:21 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA23555; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 17:21:31 GMT
Received: from goose.prod.itd.earthlink.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA23471; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 13:21:26 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from [38.26.9.69] (ip69.isdn5-boston.ma.pub-ip.psi.net [38.26.9.69])
	by goose.prod.itd.earthlink.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id KAA28802
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 10:21:10 -0700 (PDT)
Message-Id: <l03130300b3d0c3fe14db@[38.26.9.80]>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Date: Fri, 6 Aug 1999 13:27:08 -0500
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: "James M. Cervino" <cnidaria@earthlink.net>
Subject: Harvesting
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "James M. Cervino" <cnidaria@earthlink.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 462
Dear Listers interested in coral harvesting:
Coral List Statement: This represents a completely renewable resource and a
viable industry for Fiji,
The statement above mentions renewable and viable industry. Viable industry
for who? Are corals regrowing as fast as they are collected? Is this a
renewable resource at the current method of collection?  A resource for
middlemen who pay the indigenous peoples to collect corals? US aquarium
hobby stores? Shell World? Indigenous peoples? Is this better than tourism
(SCUBA , snorkeling etc.) for the peoples of Fiji?
Are the local peoples (indigenous) able to sustain their families well
being from the extraction of corals and live rock from the reefs in which
they lived and survived on for hundreds of years at the method of
collection?
Every person (local collector, not middle men) in the Philippines,
Indonesia, Malaysia, Fiji etc. we spoke to claim they are UNABLE to sustain
their families well-being from the extraction of corals, fish, and live
rock on a LONG TERM BASIS.  Only the middle men waving dollars in front of
their faces are profiting from this business. These are the same people who
also supply cyanide to the indigenous peoples to collect fish. Local people
have been re-locating themselves and their families to new reefs to exploit
after a few years.   This has been PROVED as an ineffective  economic
resource to sustain their families well-being over the long term. We don't
see peoples starving, families re-locating, and small local economies
falling apart from this trade. All the consumer or purchaser of corals for
fish tanks in living rooms see is, exotic pretty vibrant colored fish and
corals, not the suffering or loss that is involved due to the trade. I will
not even mention the extortion, and crime that is involved in this trade.
Why is it that on some boats that collect corals and NaCN caught fish have
armed men on boats with machine guns? This trade is corrupt, and needs a
drastic overhaul.  It needs to be managed properly.  Artificial reef
restoration (not with tires or sunken ships) needs to be implemented to
rebuild reefs damaged from bleaching, diseases, and over exploitation due
to harvesting, dynamiting, or NaCN use. The (IMA) International Marine-life
Alliance has implemented a method in-which fish are collected with a net,
and not with NaCN.  Net collection can work if the middle men supplying
NaCN stay out of the picture.
Corals can be sold for the hobby trade as long as the surrounding ecosystem
is replenished with artificially grown corals that cannot be harvested,
Certain areas can be set aside for farming & collection. Corals should only
be harvested from these areas. Fish can be collected in these areas using
nets because, the small fish will be coming back due to the artificial
coral re-growth.
Given the mass bleaching events, disease outbreaks, and anthropogenic
sources of pollution, should there not be a ban on WILD collected corals
given the state of the reefs today in the tropics? Will this method work
that I have suggested?
It has been 32 weeks since the last discussion regarding coral harvesting.
I have been keeping track of the imports from one local aquarium store in
NY, and we have numbers presented in a paper this fall.
I appreciate Eric's posting, pointing out that a change or revamping in the
coral & fish collection industry is germane. As well as pointing out that
this is not an EASY renewable resource much less viable.
*******************************
James M. Cervino
Marine Biologist
Global Coral Reef Alliance
University of South Carolina at Aiken
cnidaria@earthlink.net
********************************
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug  6 15:41:14 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA22684 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 15:41:13 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA14183; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 15:47:54 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma014120; Fri, 6 Aug 99 15:46:57 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 15:43:34 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA24195; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 19:27:46 GMT
Received: from leka.aloha.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id PAA23643; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 15:27:35 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from hoahele (cvx01-025.gst.aloha.net [207.12.28.25])
	by leka.aloha.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id JAA01686
	for <coral-list@reef.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 09:27:28 -1000 (HST)
Message-Id: <4.1.19990806090542.00bfd100@pop.vex.net>
X-Sender: howzit@pop.vex.net
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 4.1
Date: Fri, 06 Aug 1999 09:28:59 -1000
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Ursula Keuper-Bennett <howzit@turtles.org>
Subject: Hawaii --requesting identification help
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Ursula Keuper-Bennett <howzit@turtles.org>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 463
Hello Coral Researchers,
The other day we videotaped a Hawaiian turtle having a tastie.  It rifled through coral, snapped off pieces, fussed and flapped and finally plucked out its "reward".  Only we've never seen anything like it.
We're hoping a Hawaiian reef researcher may have come across this and knows what this is.  Here is a video freezeframe of the "food" in its entirety just before it was swallowed.
http://www.turtles.org/special/keokieat2.jpg
And.  This is a better quality closeup.  Rubbery, cream coloured to light gray with a harder darker almost black coating.  Grows in crevices on corals.
Looks like the kind of thing--if it showed up on your lungs in an Xray you'd be finalizing your will.
http://www.turtles.org/special/keokieat3.jpg
Thanks in advance.
----------------------------------------
              ^               Ursula Keuper-Bennett
             0 0              mailto: howzit@turtles.org
    /V^\            /^V\
  /V     Turtle Trax    V\    http://www.turtles.org
 /                        \
"For most of the wild things on earth the future must
depend upon the conscience of mankind."
          \       /       --- Dr. Archie Carr
          /  \ /  \
         /__| V |__\
       malama na honu
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug  6 17:03:49 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA14628 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 17:03:49 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA18303; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 17:10:29 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma018290; Fri, 6 Aug 99 17:10:23 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 17:07:30 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA24644; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 20:53:59 GMT
Received: from seas.marine.usf.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA24663; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 16:53:53 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from jivey (jivey.marine.usf.edu [198.116.55.45])
	by seas.marine.usf.edu (8.9.1a/8.9.1) with SMTP id QAA24584
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 16:53:47 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <3.0.5.32.19990806165216.007d3ec0@seas.marine.usf.edu>
X-Sender: jivey@seas.marine.usf.edu
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.5 (32)
Date: Fri, 06 Aug 1999 16:52:16 -0400
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Jim Ivey <jivey@seas.marine.usf.edu>
Subject: Re: underwater temperature loggers
In-Reply-To: <Pine.LNX.4.10.9908061247580.6935-100000@oj2.rsmas.miami.ed
 u>
References: <3.0.5.32.19990806095008.007d4b60@seas.marine.usf.edu>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jim Ivey <jivey@seas.marine.usf.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 464
Hi Folks,
	Wow!  That brought a lot of requests!  If anyone is interested in looking
at some of the designs that I did for some of my junction boxes, I made a
real quick web page.  Please feel free to download the drawings, e-mail me
with any comments, or send large sums of money :-).  The drawings  are not
specifically designed for housing temperature loggers but can be adapted
for that use.  Just remember, I am not an engineer.  I am a PhD student
working in optical oceanography.  I am self-taught in CAD and UW housing
design.  Also, Tom Peacock (our boat captain and ROV/AUV tech) deserves a
lot of credit for helping me with these designs.  I am open for any
suggestions for improvements to these housings and will add any designs
that anyone else would care to contribute.
Go to:
http://www.marine.usf.edu/~jivey/index.html
Sincerely,
Jim
>> Dear Gerard,
>>
>> 	My suggestion would be to stick with inexpensive loggers but have a
>> machine shop make your housing.  I designed a number of housings for
>> optical instruments and junction boxes.  I use schedule 80 aluminum pipe
>> and have it anodized.  If you use a marine bulkhead connector on the
>> housing, you can further isolate the housing from water leakage through the
>> cable.  If you are really concerned about water leakage, filling the
>> housing with insulating oil adds an extra measure of safety.  I can send
>> you a CAD drawing of one of the housings I have designed.  Let me know if
>> you would like one.
>>
>> Sincerely,
>>
>> Jim Ivey
>>
>>
>>
>> At 03:04 AM 8/6/99 -0400, Gerard Geertjes wrote:
>> >     Dear coral-listers, My colleague Mebrahtu Ateweberhan, who works in a
>> >joint project of the  University of Asmara (Eritrea) and the Groningen
>> >University (The Netherlands),  seeks information on underwater temperature
>> >loggers. He is especially interested  in experiences of other researchers
>> >with this type of apparatus. I forward his  message: Out of 4 temperature
>> >loggers that we purchased in 1997, only one remains  operational. Two of
>> >the loggers were found damaged while the third one was  reading wrong
>> >values. We think the problem is associated with the size and the  strength
>> >of the case. We are looking for suggestions on data loggers with rugged
>> >and strong case that withstands the strong water motion and with a 0-50
 oC
>> >ranges of reading. Price obviously is an issue as well. Mebrahtu
>> >Ateweberhan University of Asmara Atewebem@biol.rug.nl
>> >mebrahtu@marine.uoa.edu.er Please respond directly to Mebrahtu, thanks.
>> >Gerard J. Geertjes
>> >Groningen University
>> >Department of Marine  Biology
>> >Kaya Dorado 12, Bonaire
>> >Netherlands Antilles
>> >geertjes@bonairenet.com
>> >phone: +  599 7 5879
>> >
>> -------------------------------------------------------------
>> James E. Ivey 		   |	Tel# (727) 553-1503
>> University of S. Florida   |	Fax# (727) 553-1189
>> 140 7th Ave S.		   |	e-mail: jivey@marine.usf.edu
>> St. Petersburg, FL 33701   |
>> -------------------------------------------------------------
>>
>>
>>
>
>
>
-------------------------------------------------------------
James E. Ivey 		   |	Tel# (727) 553-1503
University of S. Florida   |	Fax# (727) 553-1189
140 7th Ave S.		   |	e-mail: jivey@marine.usf.edu
St. Petersburg, FL 33701   |
-------------------------------------------------------------
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Aug  7 08:58:20 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA17941 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 7 Aug 1999 08:58:19 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA12951; Sat, 7 Aug 1999 09:03:01 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma012933; Sat, 7 Aug 99 09:02:30 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 7 Aug 1999 08:59:34 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA29035; Sat, 7 Aug 1999 12:26:29 GMT
Received: from smtp.email.msn.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id IAA28907; Sat, 7 Aug 1999 08:26:22 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from mtaber - 193.149.70.157 by email.msn.com with Microsoft SMTPSVC;
	 Sat, 7 Aug 1999 05:25:39 -0700
From: "Mark Taber" <mttaber@email.msn.com>
To: "Mike and Marelet Kirda" <mlkjr@interaccess.com>
Cc: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: RE: Coral Harvesting - Fiji.
Date: Sat, 7 Aug 1999 14:25:34 +0100
Message-Id: <000601bee0d8$547d2d00$9d4695c1@mtaber>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Priority: 3 (Normal)
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook 8.5, Build 4.71.2173.0
Importance: Normal
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3
In-Reply-To: <3.0.6.32.19990806100442.00795100@pop.interaccess.com>
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Mark Taber" <mttaber@email.msn.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 465
Dear Mike,
I do agree with your reply and thought it was very well worded.  We at
ReefsUK are trying to promote captive breeding and propagation within the
United Kingdom to ensure that we as a country, remove less from the reefs.
At the end of the day, the hobby is not helping the reefs and that is
something that we as hobbyists have to face up to.
Please visit out WEB site at http://www.reefsuk.org and feel free to
comment.
Regards
Mark Taber
ReefsUK
Supporting Reef Conservation
-------------------------
Email:  post@reefsuk.org
Web:    http://www.reefsuk.org
-------------------------------------------------
*Reply from Mike regarding Coral Havesting - Fiji
Bula, Maureen.
I wanted to add my comments as an informed and concerned hobbyist.
There is little doubt that coral collection *could* harm a reef if
the collection pressure is high enough. The vast majority of corals
coming into the US still seem to be those physically chipped off the
reef, as Julian described. My feeling is that 'normal' collection
pressure would likely influence species composition, though likely
not overall biomass.
What is more disturbing, frankly, is the attitudes of the stores here
in the US- As you likely already know, there are alternatives to
the collection as outlined above. There is a 'farming' operation in
the Solomon Islands where local women go collect some small fragments
off the reef itself (i.e. the equivalent of storm damage) and bring
them back to mount on small cement disks. These are then grown out
in a local lagoon for 3 to 6 months and then harvested.
What is most amazing about these cultured colonies is that their
rate of shipping death is amazingly low- typically well under 1%,
assuming no delays in shipping. Compare that with chipped off colony
corals- I think we are happy to see only a 10% loss, and they are
often much higher: 40 to 80% is not that uncommon.
Yet even given the low rate of loss, most retailers will not carry
cultured corals. They are 'too small' or 'too expensive': even though
wholesale they are but a buck or two higher in cost...
Many of the more informed hobbyists have taken a course of 'no wild
caught colonies, period'. My own tank has maybe three colonies- the
others are all grown from fragments given to me by other hobbyists,
either for cash or trade. However, we are but a few, and seem to
have the entire industry against us.
I would love to see countries like Fiji get to the point where they
limit wild coral collection to a few thousand colonies a year, or
even shut it down completely, but encourage the creation of cultured
coral 'farms' as an alternative. I think it would be in everyone's
best interests. The US would be forced to import these ecologically
sound alternatives, Fijian collectors could become farmers, and the
'industry' would still have access to corals. Everyone wins.
I do hope that this post was helpful to you.
Best regards.
Mike Kirda
---------------------------------------------------------------
>Bula everyone,
>
>There is currently a huge debate in Fiji with regards to Coral
>harvesting in Fiji.  A paper was commissioned by the Fisheries
>Department and the industry to address the issue.
>
>Recommendation is to allow the industry to go ahead and there is a
>lot of concern in the country about the potential damage to the
>country.  However support is divided between those who support the
>industry and those that don't.   Fiji is becoming one of the biggest
>exporters if not the biggest exporter of coral products and there is
>concern regarding the damage that is done to the natural environment
>which has not been adequately dealt with in the report.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Aug  7 15:39:11 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA21782 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 7 Aug 1999 15:39:10 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA23658; Sat, 7 Aug 1999 15:45:52 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma023645; Sat, 7 Aug 99 15:45:15 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 7 Aug 1999 15:42:17 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA31130; Sat, 7 Aug 1999 19:27:57 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id PAA31326; Sat, 7 Aug 1999 15:27:52 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA23428; Sat, 7 Aug 1999 15:30:38 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma023414; Sat, 7 Aug 99 15:29:38 -0400
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA21681 for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 7 Aug 1999 15:22:55 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA23411; Sat, 7 Aug 1999 15:29:36 -0400
Received: from relay4.hawaii.edu(128.171.94.12) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma023398; Sat, 7 Aug 99 15:29:26 -0400
Received: from uhunix1.its.hawaii.edu ([128.171.44.6]) by relay4.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <373561(3)>; Sat, 7 Aug 1999 09:26:30 -1000
Received: from localhost by uhunix1.its.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <135664(3)>; Sat, 7 Aug 1999 09:26:26 -1000
Date: 	Sat, 7 Aug 1999 09:26:26 -1000
From: "J. Charles Delbeek" <delbeek@hawaii.edu>
X-Sender: delbeek@uhunix1
To: coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Coral Harvesting - Fiji.
In-Reply-To: <v01540b03b3d21b6b2e2d@[154.15.19.74]>
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.10.9908070823140.18276-100000@uhunix1>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "J. Charles Delbeek" <delbeek@hawaii.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 466
As usual the debate over coral harvesting seems to be based more on
emotion and gut reactions than any sort of scientific basis rooted in
facts. Yes the numbers of corals and live rock collected sound immense but
if compared to the total amounts of coral and live rock in Fijian waters,
does this represent a significant and more importantly a negative impact
on Fijian reefs? Can this rate of collection be sustained without a
decline on Fijian reefs? You can quote all the numbers you want to (Eric)
but unless you put those numbers into context they mean nothing. It is my
understanding that a common practice in Fiji is to vastly over report the
number of corals shipped to avoid going over the stated amounted such that
the actually number of corals shipped from Fiji is much smaller than that
"offically" reported.
Maureen if you are going to state the report recommends the coral trade
should continue should you not also mention why the report recommends
this? The report recommends a moratorium on the issuance of permits for a
two year period while studies and surveys are conducted to ascertain the
impacts on the reef of live coral and live rock collection. The goal being
to offer guidelines on what sustainable collection can be. It is my
understanding that the report you are referring to, which your
organization Greenpeace has gotten a hold of, is but a third draft, and
not even a final copy. Should you not at least have waited for the final
report to be made available before trying to drum up opposition to it? It
is also my understanding that there are currently 6 collectors of marine
organisms licensed in Fiji and that of these, two collect and export live
rock and coral for the aquarium trade. Hardly what one might call a
deluge. I would also not be surprised that the report would recommend that
the number of permits issued be kept low.
I am not trying to defend the live coral trade since I know there are
abuses occuring and that handling practices need to be improved. But I
also know that the coral being collected are fist sized-pieces,
representing perhaps two years growth, it is the curio coral collectors
who are removing the large, breeding population-sized pieces. And even in
this case this practice has been going on MUCH longer than the live coral
trade and the impacts on the reefs have been negligable, and at worst
short term. The live corals are individually wrapped in plastic bags and
handled carefully, dead corals are of little use. Not every coral is
selected since shape, size and colour must all be considered. Obviously
the curio trade makes no such distinctions. When talking of the impacts of
coral collection one really needs to distinguish between the live coral
trade and the curio trade. Should we not also allow organisations such as
the Marine Aquarium Council to get inolved with this issue to help instill
some sort of standards for collection, handling and shipping? I wonder how
many of the opponents of this trade in Fiji have actually accompanied
collectors to observe how they go about their business?
As some have mentioned here, coral farming may be the long term solution,
but it takes money to start a farm and it takes time, in the meantime
these people need to make a living, if you ban the collection of wild
colonies completely how do they do this and how do they get started?
As far as live rock goes, yes some diversity is removed, but what
diversity is created by removing these rocks? What moves in to the space
created? The same goes for corals, remove a coral and within short time
the space is invaded by other organisms and even other corals. Yes there
are abuses in live rock collection, yes the method of handling needs to be
greatly improved but these are issues that can be addressed and should not
by themselves be grounds to ban the practice.
And finally what of the people of Fiji? These are their resources, they
are owned by coastal villages .. in the end it is theirs to do with as
they please. This is an emerging fishery that puts money into their
pockets to build schools and buy supplies for their village. If there is
the opportunity to determine if these resources can be utilized in a
responsible manner do we not at least owe them the opportunity to find
out?
Banning the import of corals into the US will do little to help areas of
coral bleaching and only hurts the economies of countries such as Fiji
which has escaped massive bleaching. Perhaps a more equitable solution
would be to treat a ban on coral imports on a regional basis? Corals from
those areas which have experienced extensive bleaching and coral death
(e.g. Maldives) would not be allowed to be imported? Just an idea.
Maureen, you said that Fiji was divided on this issue, yet you ask for
evidence to balance the field. Perhaps this should be reworded to state
that Greenpeace is looking for evidence to halt the coral trade, since
their official stance is no resource use is good resource use?
J. Charles Delbeek M.Sc.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Aug  7 20:59:15 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id UAA24653 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 7 Aug 1999 20:59:14 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA00877; Sat, 7 Aug 1999 21:05:56 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma000862; Sat, 7 Aug 99 21:04:59 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 7 Aug 1999 21:01:59 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id AAA32637; Sun, 8 Aug 1999 00:50:37 GMT
Received: from relay4.hawaii.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id UAA32795; Sat, 7 Aug 1999 20:50:31 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from uhunix1.its.hawaii.edu ([128.171.44.6]) by relay4.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <373524(7)>; Sat, 7 Aug 1999 14:50:22 -1000
Received: from localhost by uhunix1.its.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <135664(7)>; Sat, 7 Aug 1999 14:50:13 -1000
Date: 	Sat, 7 Aug 1999 14:50:11 -1000
From: "J. Charles Delbeek" <delbeek@hawaii.edu>
X-Sender: delbeek@uhunix1
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: My comments ..
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.10.9908071446580.10886-100000@uhunix1>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "J. Charles Delbeek" <delbeek@hawaii.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 467
I would just like to state for the record that my comments concerning the
live coral trade in Fiji reflect my own opinions and do not reflect those
of the Waikiki Aquarium nor the University of Hawaii. I would also like to
apologize if my comments came across as arrogant, snarly or sarcastic as
this was surely not my intention.
J. Charles Delbeek
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Aug  7 11:51:49 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA19773 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 7 Aug 1999 11:51:49 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA18739; Sat, 7 Aug 1999 11:56:31 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma018724; Sat, 7 Aug 99 11:56:17 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 7 Aug 1999 11:52:32 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA30074; Sat, 7 Aug 1999 15:39:41 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA30250; Sat, 7 Aug 1999 11:39:34 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA18263; Sat, 7 Aug 1999 11:42:19 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma018237; Sat, 7 Aug 99 11:41:20 -0400
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA19638 for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 7 Aug 1999 11:34:37 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA18234; Sat, 7 Aug 1999 11:41:18 -0400
Received: from ns.psi.calva.net(195.134.198.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma018211; Sat, 7 Aug 99 11:40:53 -0400
Received: from [154.15.19.97] (ip97.nanterre2.pub-ip.fr.psi.net [154.15.19.97])
	by ns.psi.calva.net (8.8.6/8.8.6) with SMTP id RAA28392
	for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 7 Aug 1999 17:37:59 +0200 (MET DST)
Date: Sat, 7 Aug 1999 17:37:59 +0200 (MET DST)
X-Sender: fpl10@pop.calvacom.fr
Message-Id: <v01540b03b3d21b6b2e2d@[154.15.19.74]>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
X-Mailer: Eudora F1.5.4
To: coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
From: fpl10@calva.net (Fabrice POIRAUD-LAMBERT)
Subject: Re: Coral Harvesting - Fiji.
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: fpl10@calva.net (Fabrice POIRAUD-LAMBERT)
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 468
Hi Maureen &All,
This subject is a major interest and concern for me, as a Diver and
Hobbyist (there is clearly a conflict there for me)
You guys in Fiji and in other places with corals reefs, have the choice
between :
- stop coral harvesting to protect coral reefs (but there was already
debates about how useful it is to considere coral reefs as LOCAL resources
to ensure that LOCAL people take care).
- Launch Coral farming operations and prevent wild uncontroled harvesting
- Keep the things as they are now
- ?
I fully agree with Mike and I just would like to add that, after my last
dives in Fiji, 2 months ago, I saw places that have been shaked by storms,
and where you can see a huge number of broken colonies, upside down, lying
in the sand and dying, killing unbroken colonies sometimes. So, couldn't it
be possible to collect broken small fragments to feed coral frams, and at
the same time (same people also) restaure reefs by cleaning broken reefs
and taking care of big broken colonies that should remain on the reef ?
I feel that there are two ways of taking care of reefs and reef life : one
is to fight against things that are killing the reefs, but it takes a long
time.. and during this time, we could help reefs and local people to
survive.
Hope it helps
Best Regards
Fabrice POIRAUD-LAMBERT
-------
>
>I wanted to add my comments as an informed and concerned hobbyist.
>There is little doubt that coral collection *could* harm a reef if
>the collection pressure is high enough. The vast majority of corals
>coming into the US still seem to be those physically chipped off the
>reef, as Julian described. My feeling is that 'normal' collection
>pressure would likely influence species composition, though likely
>not overall biomass.
>
>What is more disturbing, frankly, is the attitudes of the stores here
>in the US- As you likely already know, there are alternatives to
>the collection as outlined above. There is a 'farming' operation in
>the Solomon Islands where local women go collect some small fragments
>off the reef itself (i.e. the equivalent of storm damage) and bring
>them back to mount on small cement disks. These are then grown out
>in a local lagoon for 3 to 6 months and then harvested.
>
>What is most amazing about these cultured colonies is that their
>rate of shipping death is amazingly low- typically well under 1%,
>assuming no delays in shipping. Compare that with chipped off colony
>corals- I think we are happy to see only a 10% loss, and they are
>often much higher: 40 to 80% is not that uncommon.
>
>Yet even given the low rate of loss, most retailers will not carry
>cultured corals. They are 'too small' or 'too expensive': even though
>wholesale they are but a buck or two higher in cost...
>
>Many of the more informed hobbyists have taken a course of 'no wild
>caught colonies, period'. My own tank has maybe three colonies- the
>others are all grown from fragments given to me by other hobbyists,
>either for cash or trade. However, we are but a few, and seem to
>have the entire industry against us.
>
>I would love to see countries like Fiji get to the point where they
>limit wild coral collection to a few thousand colonies a year, or
>even shut it down completely, but encourage the creation of cultured
>coral 'farms' as an alternative. I think it would be in everyone's
>best interests. The US would be forced to import these ecologically
>sound alternatives, Fijian collectors could become farmers, and the
>'industry' would still have access to corals. Everyone wins.
>
>I do hope that this post was helpful to you.
>Best regards.
>Mike Kirda
--------------------------
>At 10:33 AM 8/6/99 +0000, you wrote:
>>Bula everyone,
>>
>>There is currently a huge debate in Fiji with regards to Coral
>>harvesting in Fiji.  A paper was commissioned by the Fisheries
>>Department and the industry to address the issue.
>>
>>Recommendation is to allow the industry to go ahead and there is a
>>lot of concern in the country about the potential damage to the
>>country.  However support is divided between those who support the
>>industry and those that don't.   Fiji is becoming one of the biggest
>>exporters if not the biggest exporter of coral products and there is
>>concern regarding the damage that is done to the natural environment
>>which has not been adequately dealt with in the report.
>
>Bula, Maureen.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Aug  8 14:10:50 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <delbeek@hawaii.edu>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA03708 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 8 Aug 1999 14:10:49 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA16464; Sun, 8 Aug 1999 14:15:30 -0400
Received: from relay4.hawaii.edu(128.171.94.12) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma016448; Sun, 8 Aug 99 14:14:59 -0400
Received: from uhunix1.its.hawaii.edu ([128.171.44.6]) by relay4.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <373854(1)>; Sun, 8 Aug 1999 08:12:05 -1000
Received: from localhost by uhunix1.its.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <135664(5)>; Sun, 8 Aug 1999 08:12:01 -1000
Date: 	Sun, 8 Aug 1999 08:11:54 -1000
From: "J. Charles Delbeek" <delbeek@hawaii.edu>
X-Sender: delbeek@uhunix1
To: Jim Hendee <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Re: My comments ..
In-Reply-To: <Pine.GSO.4.03.9908081153100.24819-100000@surf>
Message-ID: <Pine.GSO.4.10.9908080806490.12452-100000@uhunix1>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 469
On Sun, 8 Aug 1999, Jim Hendee wrote:
> I thought they were "right on" if you ask me.
> 	Take care...Jim
Well apparently some people took acception to the tone of my comments and
emailed my superiors to that effect. Imagine that. ;-) I have now been
told to add a disclaimer to any of my posts that might be considered
"controversial". Now all I have to figure out is which of the myriad of
special interest groups I may offend each time I write something. ;-)
Aloha!
Charles
>
> On Sat, 7 Aug 1999, J. Charles Delbeek wrote:
>
> > I would just like to state for the record that my comments concerning the
> > live coral trade in Fiji reflect my own opinions and do not reflect those
> > of the Waikiki Aquarium nor the University of Hawaii. I would also like to
> > apologize if my comments came across as arrogant, snarly or sarcastic as
> > this was surely not my intention.
> >
> > J. Charles Delbeek
> >
>
>
Charles
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Aug  8 20:50:46 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id UAA07128 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 8 Aug 1999 20:50:46 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA25207; Sun, 8 Aug 1999 20:57:31 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma025194; Sun, 8 Aug 99 20:56:44 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sun, 8 Aug 1999 20:53:43 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id AAA39608; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 00:11:43 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id UAA39327; Sun, 8 Aug 1999 20:11:32 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA24336; Sun, 8 Aug 1999 20:14:17 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma024310; Sun, 8 Aug 99 20:13:20 -0400
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id UAA06812 for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 8 Aug 1999 20:08:34 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA24307; Sun, 8 Aug 1999 20:13:16 -0400
Received: from fwu.greenpeace.org(205.156.219.7) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma024274; Sun, 8 Aug 99 20:12:31 -0400
Received: (from root@localhost) by fwu.greenpeace.org (8.9.1a/8.6.12) id CAA16566; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 02:09:36 +0200 (MET DST)
Received: by fwu.greenpeace.org via smap (V1.3)
	id sma016406; Mon, 9 Aug 99 02:08:14 +0200
Received: from cps03.bos.us.gl3 (cps03.bos.us.gl3 [192.168.161.223])
	by  dialb.gl3 (8.8.8/8.8.6) with SMTP id UAA02803;
	Sun, 8 Aug 1999 20:08:08 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <"199908090008.UAA02803@ dialb.gl3">
Comments: Authenticated sender is <mpenjuel@pop.bos.us.gl3>
From: "Maureen Penjueli" <mpenjuel@dialb.greenpeace.org>
Organization: Greenpeace
To: delbeek@hawaii.edu, coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Date: Mon, 9 Aug 1999 11:58:01 +0000
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT
Subject: Re: Coral Harvesting - Fiji.
X-Confirm-Reading-To: mpenjuel@dialb.greenpeace.org
X-pmrqc: 1
Priority: normal
References: <v01540b03b3d21b6b2e2d@[154.15.19.74]>
In-reply-to: <Pine.GSO.4.10.9908070823140.18276-100000@uhunix1>
X-mailer: Pegasus Mail for Win32 (v2.52)
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Maureen Penjueli" <mpenjuel@dialb.greenpeace.org>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 470
Bula Charles,
Just a few points of clarification - the request I had put forward is
not an attempt by Greenpeace to rally support against the industry.
It is merely an information seeking exercise.  We have been
asked to provide information to relevant people in the country and I
agreed to do that which is why I turned to the coral list - seeing
that this is one of the places to source information and expert
advice on the issue.  It would also provide the office with relevant
materials for our public library.  However what I had not intended
for the request to do was to create a whole debate about the
industry.  This is not to say that I do not appreciate debate on the
issue.  On the contrary, but I am seeking information that I can give
to the relevant people and that is the aim of this exercise .
However I do acknowledge that it is partly my fault for the wording
in my last email re: negative impacts.  Let me rephrase...I am
seeking information on the industry (scientific reports from around
the world/websites that I can look up and reports which I could get
copies of).  And the information is for the benefit of the people of
Fiji .....
We are well aware that the report that was circulated by the
fisheries department is not the final report and have been informed
by the consultant himself on when the final report would be made
available.  Our comments will only be made then based on the final
report. And no the official stance of the organisation is NOT, no
resource use is good resource use.  Greenpeace in the Pacific
region has been supportive of sustainable uses of natural
resources and are working together with local indigenous communities
who want to ensure a sustainable use of their resources.  I would be
more than happy to send information to the relevant people on what
the organisation does in the Pacific.
Generation of interest on the issue arises from a cabinet
paper which was presented at parliment.
I appreciate comments and look forward to assistance from the list.
Cheers.
Maureen.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Aug  8 20:50:46 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id UAA07128 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 8 Aug 1999 20:50:46 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA25207; Sun, 8 Aug 1999 20:57:31 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma025194; Sun, 8 Aug 99 20:56:44 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sun, 8 Aug 1999 20:53:43 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id AAA39608; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 00:11:43 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id UAA39327; Sun, 8 Aug 1999 20:11:32 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA24336; Sun, 8 Aug 1999 20:14:17 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma024310; Sun, 8 Aug 99 20:13:20 -0400
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id UAA06812 for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 8 Aug 1999 20:08:34 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA24307; Sun, 8 Aug 1999 20:13:16 -0400
Received: from fwu.greenpeace.org(205.156.219.7) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma024274; Sun, 8 Aug 99 20:12:31 -0400
Received: (from root@localhost) by fwu.greenpeace.org (8.9.1a/8.6.12) id CAA16566; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 02:09:36 +0200 (MET DST)
Received: by fwu.greenpeace.org via smap (V1.3)
	id sma016406; Mon, 9 Aug 99 02:08:14 +0200
Received: from cps03.bos.us.gl3 (cps03.bos.us.gl3 [192.168.161.223])
	by  dialb.gl3 (8.8.8/8.8.6) with SMTP id UAA02803;
	Sun, 8 Aug 1999 20:08:08 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <"199908090008.UAA02803@ dialb.gl3">
Comments: Authenticated sender is <mpenjuel@pop.bos.us.gl3>
From: "Maureen Penjueli" <mpenjuel@dialb.greenpeace.org>
Organization: Greenpeace
To: delbeek@hawaii.edu, coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Date: Mon, 9 Aug 1999 11:58:01 +0000
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT
Subject: Re: Coral Harvesting - Fiji.
X-Confirm-Reading-To: mpenjuel@dialb.greenpeace.org
X-pmrqc: 1
Priority: normal
References: <v01540b03b3d21b6b2e2d@[154.15.19.74]>
In-reply-to: <Pine.GSO.4.10.9908070823140.18276-100000@uhunix1>
X-mailer: Pegasus Mail for Win32 (v2.52)
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Maureen Penjueli" <mpenjuel@dialb.greenpeace.org>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 471
Bula Charles,
Just a few points of clarification - the request I had put forward is
not an attempt by Greenpeace to rally support against the industry.
It is merely an information seeking exercise.  We have been
asked to provide information to relevant people in the country and I
agreed to do that which is why I turned to the coral list - seeing
that this is one of the places to source information and expert
advice on the issue.  It would also provide the office with relevant
materials for our public library.  However what I had not intended
for the request to do was to create a whole debate about the
industry.  This is not to say that I do not appreciate debate on the
issue.  On the contrary, but I am seeking information that I can give
to the relevant people and that is the aim of this exercise .
However I do acknowledge that it is partly my fault for the wording
in my last email re: negative impacts.  Let me rephrase...I am
seeking information on the industry (scientific reports from around
the world/websites that I can look up and reports which I could get
copies of).  And the information is for the benefit of the people of
Fiji .....
We are well aware that the report that was circulated by the
fisheries department is not the final report and have been informed
by the consultant himself on when the final report would be made
available.  Our comments will only be made then based on the final
report. And no the official stance of the organisation is NOT, no
resource use is good resource use.  Greenpeace in the Pacific
region has been supportive of sustainable uses of natural
resources and are working together with local indigenous communities
who want to ensure a sustainable use of their resources.  I would be
more than happy to send information to the relevant people on what
the organisation does in the Pacific.
Generation of interest on the issue arises from a cabinet
paper which was presented at parliment.
I appreciate comments and look forward to assistance from the list.
Cheers.
Maureen.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Aug  8 21:52:01 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id VAA07636 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 8 Aug 1999 21:52:01 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA26278; Sun, 8 Aug 1999 21:56:45 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma026242; Sun, 8 Aug 99 21:55:59 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sun, 8 Aug 1999 21:53:03 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id BAA39411; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 01:23:14 GMT
Received: from pearl.aims.gov.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id VAA29163; Sun, 8 Aug 1999 21:23:06 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from clivepc.aims.gov.au ([138.7.56.19])
	by pearl.aims.gov.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id LAA29499
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 11:22:58 +1000 (EST)
Message-Id: <3.0.1.32.19990809111824.00d9d57c@email.aims.gov.au>
X-Sender: cwilkins@email.aims.gov.au
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0.1 (32)
Date: Mon, 09 Aug 1999 11:18:24 +1000
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Clive Wilkinson <c.wilkinson@aims.gov.au>
Subject: Coral Harvesting
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/enriched; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Clive Wilkinson <c.wilkinson@aims.gov.au>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 472
Bula
I enter this debate with some hesitancy - but to make one point.
Many people are seeing only the negatives of the trade in live coral - ripping corals off  reefs to die in aquariums in USA and Europe etc.
May I suggest that the 'dolphin' argument instead.  All the home aquarists with live corals are potential allies in efforts to conserve coral reefs, because they spend hours tying to keep corals alive and eventually will want coral reefs to flourish. Many are very well read about reefs and will assist when asked.
Our goals are dual: supporting development of an industry that provides corals, fish and live rock on a sustainable basis (and hopefully provide communities in developing countries with income) without significant damage to reefs; and conserving coral reefs by minimising collecting and other anthropogenic damage.
So, please, can we invite the aquarium people into the conservation fold as welcome partners.
Cheers
Clive Wilkinson
<bigger>
><<> ><<> ><<> ><<> ><<> ><<> ~~~ <<><< <<><< <<><< <<><< <<><< <<><<
Clive Wilkinson, Coordinator
Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network
c/o Australian Institute of Marine Science
Tel: +61 7 4772 4314; Fax: +61 7 4772 2808 or 4772 5852
<<><< <<><< <<><< <<><< <<><< <<><< ~~~ ><<> ><<> ><<> ><<> ><<> ><<>
</bigger>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Aug  8 22:21:07 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id WAA07904 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 8 Aug 1999 22:21:07 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA26876; Sun, 8 Aug 1999 22:27:50 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xmaa26859; Sun, 8 Aug 99 22:27:48 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sun, 8 Aug 1999 22:24:53 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id BAA28989; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 01:44:01 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id VAA39968; Sun, 8 Aug 1999 21:43:56 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA26056; Sun, 8 Aug 1999 21:46:42 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma026032; Sun, 8 Aug 99 21:45:46 -0400
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id VAA07526 for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 8 Aug 1999 21:40:59 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA26025; Sun, 8 Aug 1999 21:45:43 -0400
Received: from durian.usc.edu.ph(165.220.28.253) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma025982; Sun, 8 Aug 99 21:43:13 -0400
Received: from nangka.usc.edu.ph (root@nangka.usc.edu.ph [165.220.28.230]) by durian.usc.edu.ph (8.6.12/) with ESMTP id JAA02180 for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 09:41:44 +0800
Received: from mangga.usc.edu.ph (mangga.usc.edu.ph [165.220.28.252]) by nangka.usc.edu.ph (8.8.5/) with ESMTP id JAA12647 for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 09:53:42 +0800
Received: from MANGGA/SpoolDir by mangga.usc.edu.ph (Mercury 1.43);
    9 Aug 99 09:40:28 +800
Received: from SpoolDir by MANGGA (Mercury 1.43); 9 Aug 99 09:39:51 +800
From: "Thomas Heeger" <theeger@mangga.usc.edu.ph>
Organization: University of San Carlos
To: coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Date: Mon, 9 Aug 1999 09:39:22 +800
Subject: coral harvesting
Priority: normal
X-mailer: Pegasus Mail for Windows (v2.42a)
Message-Id: <7E98200FCB@mangga.usc.edu.ph>
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Thomas Heeger" <theeger@mangga.usc.edu.ph>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 473
Dear fellow coral friends,
world wide the coral  reefs are degrading. The single most important factor
pushing that is overfishing. Here in the Philippines (a country with
very strict environmental laws, but unfortunately little enforcement) you
can at any single day count 30 to 40 dynamite blasts (it is actually
ammonium nitrate, a fertilizer) devastating the physical structure of
the reefs,  killing abundant larvae material and inverts as well as fishes.
Aware of that problem we work since 5 years with fishing
communities and found out that
they need alternatives to have a stable income. Fishermen so far just
exploit their resources with rapid increase in competition over the
last decades (population growth, export of marine products).
Instead of a mere exploitation of resources the fishermen should
adopt the basic principles of farmers who prepare the soil, plant the
seedlings, irrigate, take care of parasites and finally harvest their
products.
That background in mind we started two years ago with the
implementation of a coral farm in Olango Island,
Cebu. The basic concept is to provide alternative income to the
fisherfolks and at the same time protect/enhance the biodiversity of
coral reefs with reef rehabilitation activities.
Since we use cheap materials/labor and natural substrates one hectare reef
can be rehabilitated (12.5% cover) for 3.600 US$ including all costs
(gathering of fragments, attachment to hard substrate, tending during
grow-out phase in the Coral Nursery Units, transportation to reha
site and rehabilitation itself). This is by far the cheapest reha
method known (please see more specific details in Heeger, T. ,Cashman,
M. and F. Sotto 1999: Coral farming as alternative livelihod for
sustainable natural resource management and coral reef rehabilitaion.
Proc. of Oceanol. Internat. Pacific Rim, Spearhead Exhibitions Ltd.,
New Malden, Surrey, UK, pp 171-185).
Of course, we can prove that the donor corals (in no case we take more
than 50%, usually 10 to 20& of one colony) survive and overgrow the
fragmented area within a few weeks (species dependent). According to
our results fragmentation increases within a few month the calcified
material by factor 2. Mortality in the farm due to predation is below 1 %.
Coral export (live and dead) is banned in the Philippines and
according to my information (may not be up-to-date) strictly enforced.
Currently we are negotiating with the BFAR (Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic
Resources) for an export permit of live corals for the aquarium
trade.
In general we are not against aquarium trade under the
condition that the corals are from farms operated by fisher
cooperatives. Natural coral extraction done in many tropical
countries e.g. Indonesia and Fiji for
trade will further decrease coral cover and diversity.
Considering how much reef aquarium hobbyists
contributed to science and how tremendous public aquariums help
to raise the awareness for the important and beautiful ecosystems,
aquarium trade on a SUSTAINABLE level where the " resource owners" are
benefitted is positive for both sides. On the other hand aquarium
trade (we have many expamples documented, e.g. 2 m high piles of sea
stars, thousands of 2 ltr. plastic bags some with five baby nurse sharks
together, shipped via Manila to the US, seahorses and other
protected species) where the fisherfolks get 0.05 cents for each alive
fish and the animals are sold for 20 to 50 US$ per head to the
consumers, exploitation will be fueled. The money  will go to
the big dealers and not to the resource owners who are forced to use
any means squeezing out their daily food from the more and more
impoverishing reefs. A vicious cicle.
We believe that the coral farming concept could be multiplied in
other suitable areas to protect the reefs and to promote coral
biodiversity.
Best fishes,
Thomas Heeger
Dr. Thomas Heeger
Professor of Marine Biology
University of San Carlos
Marine Biology Section
Cebu City, Cebu
Philippines 6000
Phone: 0063 32 4198764
Fax: 0063 32 3460351
e-mail: theeger@mangga.usc.edu.ph
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Aug  9 00:14:57 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id AAA09094 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 00:14:56 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id AAA28696; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 00:21:39 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028683; Mon, 9 Aug 99 00:21:02 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 00:18:08 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id DAA30192; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 03:52:10 GMT
Received: from imo24.mx.aol.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id XAA40960; Sun, 8 Aug 1999 23:52:05 -0400 (EDT)
From: Seascience@aol.com
Received: from Seascience@aol.com
	by imo24.mx.aol.com (mail_out_v22.4.) id bZORa14808 (3985)
	 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 8 Aug 1999 23:51:49 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <e3d32171.24dfaa55@aol.com>
Date: Sun, 8 Aug 1999 23:51:49 EDT
Subject: Fwd: underwater temperature loggers
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="part1_e3d32171.24dfaa55_boundary"
X-Mailer: AOL for Macintosh sub 54
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Seascience@aol.com
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 474
--part1_e3d32171.24dfaa55_boundary
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
--part1_e3d32171.24dfaa55_boundary
Content-Type: message/rfc822
Content-Disposition: inline
Return-path: Seascience@aol.com
From: Seascience@aol.com
Full-name: Seascience
Message-ID: <671537f0.24dfa89a@aol.com>
Date: Sun, 8 Aug 1999 23:44:26 EDT
Subject: Re: underwater temperature loggers
To: geertjes@bonairenet.com
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Mailer: AOL for Macintosh sub 54
For the past 8 years i have been using Hobo temp loggers by Onset Corp.  with
a standard  $24 (approx) clear acrylic case made by Ikelite. It's  proven to
be pretty bulletproof and the cases are readily available.. Call Ikelite at
317-923 4523in the U>S> and ask for the screw top 3" waterproof case.. Good
Luck!     Jim Hart
--part1_e3d32171.24dfaa55_boundary--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Aug  9 00:24:58 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id AAA09151 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 00:24:58 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id AAA28811; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 00:29:41 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028798; Mon, 9 Aug 99 00:29:28 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 00:26:12 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id EAA30040; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 04:07:59 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id AAA38034; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 00:07:50 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id AAA28534; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 00:10:36 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028521; Mon, 9 Aug 99 00:09:38 -0400
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id AAA08965 for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 00:02:53 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id AAA28518; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 00:09:36 -0400
Received: from nouville.ufp.nc(209.58.55.81) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028505; Mon, 9 Aug 99 00:09:31 -0400
Received: from ufp.ufp.nc (ufp.ufp.nc [192.9.200.1])
	by ufp.nc (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id PAA13528
	for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 15:06:34 +1100 (GMT)
Received: from [192.9.204.2] by ufp.ufp.nc, Mon, 9 Aug 1999 15:06:22 +1100
Date: Mon, 9 Aug 1999 15:06:22 +1100
X-Sender: sarrameg@192.9.200.1
Message-Id: <v01540b04b3d4a2142567@[192.9.204.2]>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
X-Mailer: Eudora F1.5.4
To: coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
From: sarrameg@ufp.ufp.nc (Sarramegna =?iso-8859-1?Q?S=E9bastien?= )
Subject: environmental factors one more
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: sarrameg@ufp.ufp.nc (Sarramegna =?iso-8859-1?Q?S=E9bastien?= )
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id AAA09151
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 475
I resend this mail because somebody did not receive it corectly
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Aug  9 11:29:20 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA09935 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 11:29:20 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA02968; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 11:36:02 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma002860; Mon, 9 Aug 99 11:35:11 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 11:31:22 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA44779; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 14:55:42 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA44755; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 10:55:36 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA27661; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 10:58:22 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma027520; Mon, 9 Aug 99 10:57:39 -0400
Received: from surf.blur (surf [172.16.100.3])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with ESMTP
	  id KAA29559 for <coral-list@coral>; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 10:52:53 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from localhost by surf.blur (8.8.8+Sun/SMI-SVR4)
	id KAA05884; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 10:52:54 -0400 (EDT)
Date: Mon, 9 Aug 1999 10:52:54 -0400 (EDT)
From: Jim Hendee <Jim.Hendee@noaa.gov>
X-Sender: hendee@surf
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: House passes NOAA bill
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.03.9908091047370.5853-100000@surf>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jim Hendee <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 476
See,
	http://www.legislative.noaa.gov
for an update on NOAA's funding picture.  Following from that Page:
"THE HOUSE PASSES FISCAL YEAR 2000 NOAA BUDGET INCLUDING 25 PERCENT
REDUCTION IN ADMINISTRATION REQUEST; REP EHLERS SUCCESSFUL IN RESTORING
FULL FUNDING FOR GREAT LAKES WATER LEVEL GAUGES; $3 MILLION TAKEN FROM
NOAA BUDGET TO PAY FOR MERCHANT MARINE ACADEMY REPAIRS
The House at 9:45 p.m. on August 5th passed by a 217-210 vote the FY 2000
House Commerce, Justice, State Appropriations bill (HR 2670 and HRpt
106-283). The House-passed bill provided $1.93 billion for NOAA, which is
$211 million below FY 1999 budget authority and $550 million below the
Presidents request. No new NOAA initiatives were funded including salmon
and the Lands Legacy Initiative. The Committee issued a press release on
the final passage."
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Aug  9 14:32:12 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA01436 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 14:32:11 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA23632; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 14:38:55 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma023590; Mon, 9 Aug 99 14:38:17 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 14:31:13 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA45745; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 18:07:44 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA45908; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 14:07:35 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA20855; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 14:10:20 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma020770; Mon, 9 Aug 99 14:09:22 -0400
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA23171 for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 14:04:37 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA20763; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 14:09:20 -0400
Received: from mail1.integraonline.com(206.163.82.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma020731; Mon, 9 Aug 99 14:09:10 -0400
Received: from greenleafpr.com ([198.107.53.24])
	by mail1.integraonline.net (8.9.1/8.9.1) with ESMTP id JAA00907
	for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 09:59:20 -0700
Message-Id: <37AF184C.F0ECFFE@greenleafpr.com>
Date: Mon, 09 Aug 1999 11:05:08 -0700
From: Tamara Greenleaf <tamara@greenleafpr.com>
Organization: Greenleaf Associates
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 (Macintosh; I; PPC)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Introduction
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii; x-mac-type="54455854"; x-mac-creator="4D4F5353"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Tamara Greenleaf <tamara@greenleafpr.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 477
Dear Colleagues,
I have just joined the list and want to introduce myself.
I am Tamara Greenleaf. I'm a public relations consultant in Portland,
Oregon, USA, and am developing a news bureau for coral reef appreciation,
research and preservation.  The news bureau's mission is to encourage
journalists to cover factual and responsible stories about coral (and
thereby raise public interest in, and support for, preservation
activities).
Looking forward to reading and participating with all of you.
best regards,
.........................................................................
Tamara Greenleaf
Executive Director, CORALNEWS
Greenleaf Associates LLC
812 SW Washington, Ste. 400
Portland, Oregon 97205-3211
Tel: 503/796-0350
Fax: 503/827-6566
.........................................................................
Expert Services in News Media Relations,
Promotion and Publicity
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Aug  9 14:32:13 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA01449 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 14:32:13 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA23634; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 14:38:56 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma023591; Mon, 9 Aug 99 14:38:20 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 14:31:28 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA45823; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 18:09:43 GMT
Message-Id: <199908091809.SAA45823@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Fri, 06 Aug 1999 16:47:12 -0400
From: rginsburg@rsmas.miami.edu
To: Jim Hendee <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: coral-list
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: rginsburg@rsmas.miami.edu
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 478
Jim,
I wonder if we could in some way avoid having all the replies to a question
posted on the List?  Could you suggest that when someone raises a question
or comment, that they become the reporter and all replies and experessions
of interest are directed to them instead of to the entire list?  Then,
after they have had some feedback, they could post a  summary?  That way,
all the rest of us need not receive every comment and reply?  If you want
to cite me as the proposer of this plan, please do so.
Bob
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Aug  9 21:30:39 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id VAA21487 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 21:30:38 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA19120; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 21:37:24 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma019089; Mon, 9 Aug 99 21:37:01 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 21:34:01 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id AAA44805; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 00:38:55 GMT
Received: from osage.gate.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id UAA48198; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 20:38:48 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from gate.net (tsmia4-295.gate.net [207.36.234.168]) by osage.gate.net (8.8.6/8.6.12) with ESMTP id UAA263806 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 20:38:13 -0400
Message-Id: <37AF7488.86C3671@gate.net>
Date: Mon, 09 Aug 1999 20:38:32 -0400
From: Steven Miller <smiller@gate.net>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.6 [en]C-DIAL  (Win98; I)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral-list <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Aquarius underwater laboratory update
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Steven Miller <smiller@gate.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 479
The Aquarius underwater laboratory, owned by NOAA and operated by the
University of North Carolina at Wilmington, supports scientists who live
and work underwater studying deep coral reefs in the Florida Keys
National Marine Sanctuary.  The Aquarius web site was recently upgraded
to include two live web cameras during missions: one in the Main Lock
and one outside in the water pointing back at Aquarius.  A mission is
currently in progress.
New information is also available related to the science program, and
operations (including the Aquarius Users Manual).  Expedition journals
are filed by aquanauts during missions and are quite popular.  They give
a first hand account of what it's like to live and work underwater.  A
few lesson plans are available that are targeted for middle school
students (on pressure, buoyancy, and underwater light), and more are
under development.  We are also looking for help from educators to
produce more lesson plans.
Thank you.
http://www.uncwil.edu/nurc/aquarius
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Aug 10 03:36:05 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id DAA25485 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 03:36:04 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id DAA00237; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 03:40:50 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma000221; Tue, 10 Aug 99 03:40:24 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 03:37:27 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id HAA49924; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 07:13:12 GMT
Received: from sme.com.univ-mrs.fr by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id DAA48906; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 03:12:47 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from [139.124.16.39] (smemac9.com.univ-mrs.fr [139.124.16.39])
	by sme.com.univ-mrs.fr (8.8.6 (PHNE_14041)/8.8.6) with ESMTP id JAA18197
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 09:12:58 +0200 (METDST)
X-Sender: peyrot@sme.com.univ-mrs.fr
Message-Id: <v03020901b3d58218c891F@[139.124.16.39]>
Date: Tue, 10 Aug 1999 09:17:23 +0200
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Peyrot Mireille <peyrot@com.univ-mrs.fr>
Subject: adress
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Peyrot Mireille <peyrot@com.univ-mrs.fr>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from Quoted-Printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id DAA25485
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 480
I would pleased to have e-mail adress or mail adress of Danny Bucher in
Ove's lab
Thanks for your help
 Dr Mireille Peyrot - Clausade
Centre d'Ocanologie de Marseille
Station Marine d'Endoume
Rue de la Batterie-des-Lions
13007 Marseille
Tl. 33+ (0)4 91 04 16 18
Fax  33+ (0)4 91 04 16 35
http://www.com.univ-mrs.fr
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Aug 10 09:56:08 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA04565 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 09:56:08 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA21989; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 10:02:53 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma021921; Tue, 10 Aug 99 10:02:28 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 09:46:26 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA52059; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 13:24:37 GMT
Received: from avocet.prod.itd.earthlink.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id JAA51986; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 09:24:30 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from [38.26.9.189] (ip236.isdn5-boston.ma.pub-ip.psi.net [38.26.9.236])
	by avocet.prod.itd.earthlink.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id GAA06078
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 06:24:23 -0700 (PDT)
Message-Id: <l0313030bb3d5dfb93bd9@[38.26.9.189]>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Date: Tue, 10 Aug 1999 09:31:15 -0500
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: "James M. Cervino" <cnidaria@earthlink.net>
Subject: Coral Harvesting
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "James M. Cervino" <cnidaria@earthlink.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 481
Coral Harvesting:
POSTING: As usual the debate over coral harvesting seems to be based more
on emotion and gut reactions than any sort of scientific basis rooted in
facts.
JAMES: I have communicated with Eric regarding his data collection and he
is not basing his information on a "GUT REACTION or EMOTION" He is basing
his data on FACT.  Interviewing aquarium store owners and seeing the faxes
and receivable receipts from one store are based on pure fact. Interviewing
indigenous peoples from the Philippines and other areas in that region as
well as confirming their information by visiting the reefs first hand
(where corals are collected) and compiling data is FACT and not a gut
reaction.  EXAMPLE: Observing collectors collect Plerogyra from a location
in Malaysia; they did not just collect a few colonies, they collected the
entire patch (about 15 yard radius) without leaving one single fragment
behind.  Not to mention the trampling and damage to the surrounding corals
that are not needed for coral collection.  They cannot travel very far for
collection, they stay in a particular reef area near their home, which in
this case is on a small island, when the corals are gone they have
basically depleted some very important species.  These corals are sold for
pennies, and sold to the middle men who profit a great deal.  The corals
are then brought to the USA and sold between $30- $100. When I told the
collector what they are sold for in the USA, he did not believe me, he
looked at me with a shocked look on his face.
POSTING: Yes the numbers of corals and live rock collected sound immense
but if compared to the total amounts of coral and live rock in Fijian
waters, does this represent a significant and more importantly a negative
impact on Fijian reefs? Can this rate of collection be sustained without a
decline on Fijian reefs? You can quote all the numbers you want to (Eric)
but unless you put those numbers into context they mean nothing.
JAMES: The average person collecting is not making money for the LONG TERM
to support his or her family! At the current method.  Farming and cutting
out the middle men and having the families deal directly with the store
owners in the US might be a better idea.  Along with a proposed strategy,
and eco-system replenishment along with farming.
POSTING: Banning the import of corals into the US will do little to help
areas of coral bleaching and only hurts the economies of countries such as
Fiji which has escaped massive bleaching. Perhaps a more equitable solution
would be to treat a ban on coral imports on a regional basis?
JAMES: Yes Fiji has escaped massive bleaching, this makes us all pleased !!
This makes me think preservation & sustainable development, NOT
EXPLOITATION & ignoring the real problems !
*******************************
James M. Cervino
Marine Biologist
Global Coral Reef Alliance
University of South Carolina at Aiken
cnidaria@earthlink.net
********************************
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Aug 10 10:01:14 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA05449 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 10:01:13 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA22354; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 10:05:57 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xmaa22271; Tue, 10 Aug 99 10:05:27 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 10:01:39 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA52521; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 13:37:31 GMT
Message-Id: <199908101337.NAA52521@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: "Noah, Michael D POJ" <Michael.D.Noah@poj.usace.army.mil>
To: "'coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov'" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: RE: coral-list
Date: Mon, 9 Aug 1999 18:25:37 -0700
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Noah, Michael D POJ" <Michael.D.Noah@poj.usace.army.mil>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 482
			While I fully understand Bob's concern regarding the
"noise" that can often be generated from the posting of questions to the
list and the subsequent replies, I would just like to offer my $0.02 worth
with regards to changing the default "reply to" field.
			Due to a pretty wide range of interests (and my
remoteness out here in Japan), I subscribe to many of these discussion lists
(at last count, I have more than 50 being directed to their respective
folders), and I have found that those lists that have moved to using the
approach to replying that has been suggested usually fail to serve the needs
of the subscribers, primarily because 1) the original poster fails to either
"summarize" or adequately "summarize" the responses that s/he receives to
their post, despite their every honorable intention to do so at the time
they posed the question, and 2) since the "discussion" list is unable to see
the trend in the replies being provided in real time, the "discussion" list
is unable to generate that often-needed "discussion" (e.g., to engage in
what we subscribed to the list to participate in doing in the first place,
at least in my case)," and so the responses that are eventually received
tend to be less valuable to the poster than what would have been generated
had the subject or question been more openly "debated."  If the discussion
list does receive a summary from the original poster, but disagrees with or
wants to add something to the final results, the question/response/summary
process starts anew, only now with a new poster responsible for posting the
results that they receive, with the obvious extension in the time that it
takes for the participants on the list to reach a consensus.
			I would suggest instead that subscribers to the
list, first of all, refrain from changing the text of the subject field when
they post a reply.  Then, when the post is received, the recipient can then
sort the list by subject and date/time at the start of each day, and then
read the original post.  If they are uninterested in the subject of that
post, highlight and delete all of the subsequent responses with the same
subject field without bothering to read them.  This process works quite well
for me, anyway.
			Again, just my $0.02 worth...
			Mata ne,
			Michael
			 <<...>>
			US Army Corps
			of Engineers
			Japan District
			Michael D. Noah, Ecologist
			USAEDJ, Box 81 (CEPOJ-PP-E)
			APO AP   96338-5010
			011-81-311-763-5065
			011-81-311-763-8869 FAX
			Michael.Noah@poj.usace.army.mil
<mailto:Michael.Noah@poj.usace.army.mil>
				-----Original Message-----
				From:	rginsburg@rsmas.miami.edu
[mailto:rginsburg@rsmas.miami.edu]
				Sent:	Saturday, August 07, 1999 5:47 AM
				To:	Jim Hendee;
coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
				Subject:	Re: coral-list
				Jim,
				I wonder if we could in some way avoid
having all the replies to a question
				posted on the List?  Could you suggest that
when someone raises a question
				or comment, that they become the reporter
and all replies and experessions
				of interest are directed to them instead of
to the entire list?  Then,
				after they have had some feedback, they
could post a  summary?  That way,
				all the rest of us need not receive every
comment and reply?  If you want
				to cite me as the proposer of this plan,
please do so.
				Bob
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Aug 10 10:01:12 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA05433 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 10:01:12 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA22351; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 10:05:57 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma022271; Tue, 10 Aug 99 10:05:26 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 10:01:45 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA51977; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 13:39:00 GMT
Received: from ns.ibw.com.ni by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id JAA52256; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 09:38:53 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from ppp.ibw.com.ni (mdig33.ibw.com.ni [209.198.193.189])
	by ns.ibw.com.ni (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id HAA16674
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 07:38:45 -0600 (CST)
Message-Id: <3.0.2.32.19990809192602.006a8c4c@pop1.ibw.com.ni>
X-Sender: dipal@pop1.ibw.com.ni
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.2 (32)
Date: Mon, 09 Aug 1999 19:26:02 -0700
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Pdipal <dipal@ibw.com.ni>
Subject: lobster
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Pdipal <dipal@ibw.com.ni>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 483
Thanks for all your replies. Everybody agreed that trowing away losterheads
in a confined area would pollute the bay with consecuent negative impacts.
However throwing them away in a well flushed area would be acceptable.
Mariska
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Aug 10 11:57:30 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA07308 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 11:57:29 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA07711; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 12:02:14 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma007687; Tue, 10 Aug 99 12:02:09 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 11:51:51 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA53351; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 15:31:48 GMT
Received: from seas.marine.usf.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA52458; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 11:31:33 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from jivey (jivey.marine.usf.edu [198.116.55.45])
	by seas.marine.usf.edu (8.9.1a/8.9.1) with SMTP id LAA10422
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 11:31:29 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <3.0.5.32.19990810112954.007dc3f0@seas.marine.usf.edu>
X-Sender: jivey@seas.marine.usf.edu
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.5 (32)
Date: Tue, 10 Aug 1999 11:29:54 -0400
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Jim Ivey <jivey@seas.marine.usf.edu>
Subject: Re: coral-list
In-Reply-To: <199908091809.SAA45823@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jim Ivey <jivey@seas.marine.usf.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 484
Hi everyone,
I agree with Bob but only for questions regarding instruments, techniques,
or specific questions. An example of a specific question would be, "Where
is <insert species> found?"  Questions and comments that might bring about
a debate should be left as general posts.  Unless someone is willing to act
as an enforcer of the reporting then I would suggest it be voluntary.
People that want a specific answer and are willing to report the results
should add a line requesting that all replies be sent to their personal
address.  If they do not follow through on reporting after volunteering,
then we should forward all our junk mail to them :-).
Regards,
Jim
At 04:47 PM 8/6/99 -0400, rginsburg@rsmas.miami.edu wrote:
>Jim,
>
>I wonder if we could in some way avoid having all the replies to a question
>posted on the List?  Could you suggest that when someone raises a question
>or comment, that they become the reporter and all replies and experessions
>of interest are directed to them instead of to the entire list?  Then,
>after they have had some feedback, they could post a  summary?  That way,
>all the rest of us need not receive every comment and reply?  If you want
>to cite me as the proposer of this plan, please do so.
>Bob
>
>
>
>
>
-------------------------------------------------------------
James E. Ivey 		   |	Tel# (727) 553-1503
University of S. Florida   |	Fax# (727) 553-1189
140 7th Ave S.		   |	e-mail: jivey@marine.usf.edu
St. Petersburg, FL 33701   |
-------------------------------------------------------------
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Aug 11 08:19:04 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA00995 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 08:19:04 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA01280; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 08:23:49 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma001163; Wed, 11 Aug 99 08:22:56 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 08:20:01 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id LAA60041; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 11:59:10 GMT
Message-Id: <199908111159.LAA60041@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: 10 Aug 1999 12:15:40 -0400
From: "Paterson, Arthur"@aoml.noaa.gov
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Global Trade in Coral
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Paterson, Arthur"@aoml.noaa.gov
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 485
>>The World Conservation Monitoring Centre is pleased to announce the
>>publication of 'The Global Trade in Coral' (World Conservation
>>Press, Cambridge, UK, 70pp, ISBN: 1-899628-13-4). A brief summary
>>follows:
>>
>>The Global Trade in Coral (Green and Shirley, 1999)
>>This study assesses the global trade in coral in an ecological and
>>economic context. Throughout the report emphasis is placed on the
>>trade in live coral for aquaria because the last decade has seen an
>>enormous increase in this business. The taxonomic composition of the
>>trade is identified and the quantities of coral passing between
>>nations illustrate the links between major exporters and importers.
>>Subsequent chapters present data on the practicalities of monitoring
>>international trade in coral at the global scale. In the last two
>>chapters size and growth rate data are used to assess the
>>sustainability of the trade in live coral: export and retail prices
>>are used to estimate the revenue to exporting nations.
>>
>>Copies are being distributed by:
>>
>>Tropical Marine Centre
>>Solesbridge Lane
>>Chorleywood
>>Hertfordshire
>>WD3 5SX
>>United Kingdom
>>
>>Tel: +44 1923 284151
>>Fax: +44 1923 285840
>>
>>While stocks last these are available free of charge to addresses in
>>developing nations and at the cost of postage and packing to all Global
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Aug 11 08:20:05 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA01332 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 08:20:04 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA01388; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 08:24:49 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma001357; Wed, 11 Aug 99 08:24:20 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 08:21:28 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id LAA59725; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 11:55:24 GMT
Message-Id: <199908111155.LAA59725@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Tue, 10 Aug 1999 12:38:15 -0400
From: Carol Fretwell <fretwelc@nsu.acast.nova.edu>
To: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: RE: coral-list
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Carol Fretwell <fretwelc@nsu.acast.nova.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 486
coral list On Behalf Of Noah, Michael
Add $0.02 more and make it $0.04!
We can all empathize with Bob's motivation -- there's just such a volume
of incoming email some days that ANY way to reduce it sounds appealing(!)
--- however, I completely concur with Michael Noah's assessment of the
situation and proposed solution.
In my view, a previous "discussion" elicited much information and helped
to clear up various misconceptions that could easily have been erroneously
passed on as fact.  That would have only served to further distance
members of the global coral reef community.
Let's continue to bring researchers with coral reef knowledge, issues, and
questions together via real time so progress can be made more quickly,
with fewer detours caused by incomplete knowledge or understanding.
There is such a host of fields associated with coral reefs, most people
can pick and choose what appeals/applies to them, especially if we take
Michael's idea one step further.
In addition to maintaining the same subject field in a response chain,
perhaps the initiator could add to the success of Michael's plan by
ensuring that the subject line used is a true indicator of the subject,
perhaps using our old standby key words with appropriate modifiers.  Any
way, that's my $0.02.
Best to all,
Carol R. Fretwell
***PLEASE NOTE NEW PHONE AND FAX NUMBERS***
Carol R. Fretwell
Coordinator, Administrative Operations
National Coral Reef Institute
NSU Oceanographic Center
8000 N. Ocean Drive
Dania Beach, FL  33004  USA
1-954-262-3617 (voice);  1-954-262-4027 (fax)
fretwelc@ocean.nova.edu
NOTICE:
CONFERENCE SUMMARY of the
International Conference on
SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS OF CORAL REEF ASSESSMENT, MONITORING, AND RESTORATION
National Coral Reef Institute (NCRI)
April 14-16, 1999, Ft. Lauderdale, FL
can be found at
http://www.nova.edu/ocean/ncri/conf99.html
NOTICE:  9TH INTERNATIONAL CORAL REEF CONFERENCE
Bali, 2000
http://www.nova.edu/ocean/9icrs/
> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
> [mailto:owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov]On Behalf Of Noah, Michael
> D POJ
> Sent: Monday, August 09, 1999 9:26 PM
> To: 'coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov'
> Subject: RE: coral-list
>
>
> 			While I fully understand Bob's concern regarding the
> "noise" that can often be generated from the posting of questions to the
> list and the subsequent replies, I would just like to offer my $0.02 worth
> with regards to changing the default "reply to" field.
>
> 			Due to a pretty wide range of interests (and my
> remoteness out here in Japan), I subscribe to many of these
> discussion lists
> (at last count, I have more than 50 being directed to their respective
> folders), and I have found that those lists that have moved to using the
> approach to replying that has been suggested usually fail to
> serve the needs
> of the subscribers, primarily because 1) the original poster
> fails to either
> "summarize" or adequately "summarize" the responses that s/he receives to
> their post, despite their every honorable intention to do so at the time
> they posed the question, and 2) since the "discussion" list is
> unable to see
> the trend in the replies being provided in real time, the
> "discussion" list
> is unable to generate that often-needed "discussion" (e.g., to engage in
> what we subscribed to the list to participate in doing in the first place,
> at least in my case)," and so the responses that are eventually received
> tend to be less valuable to the poster than what would have been generated
> had the subject or question been more openly "debated."  If the discussion
> list does receive a summary from the original poster, but
> disagrees with or
> wants to add something to the final results, the question/response/summary
> process starts anew, only now with a new poster responsible for
> posting the
> results that they receive, with the obvious extension in the time that it
> takes for the participants on the list to reach a consensus.
>
> 			I would suggest instead that subscribers to the
> list, first of all, refrain from changing the text of the subject
> field when
> they post a reply.  Then, when the post is received, the
> recipient can then
> sort the list by subject and date/time at the start of each day, and then
> read the original post.  If they are uninterested in the subject of that
> post, highlight and delete all of the subsequent responses with the same
> subject field without bothering to read them.  This process works
> quite well
> for me, anyway.
>
> 			Again, just my $0.02 worth...
>
> 			Mata ne,
> 			Michael
>
> 			 <<...>>
> 			US Army Corps
> 			of Engineers
> 			Japan District
>
> 			Michael D. Noah, Ecologist
> 			USAEDJ, Box 81 (CEPOJ-PP-E)
> 			APO AP   96338-5010
>
> 			011-81-311-763-5065
> 			011-81-311-763-8869 FAX
>
>
> 			Michael.Noah@poj.usace.army.mil
> <mailto:Michael.Noah@poj.usace.army.mil>
>
>
>
> 				-----Original Message-----
> 				From:	rginsburg@rsmas.miami.edu
> [mailto:rginsburg@rsmas.miami.edu]
> 				Sent:	Saturday, August 07, 1999 5:47 AM
> 				To:	Jim Hendee;
> coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
> 				Subject:	Re: coral-list
>
> 				Jim,
>
> 				I wonder if we could in some way avoid
> having all the replies to a question
> 				posted on the List?  Could you suggest that
> when someone raises a question
> 				or comment, that they become the reporter
> and all replies and experessions
> 				of interest are directed to them instead of
> to the entire list?  Then,
> 				after they have had some feedback, they
> could post a  summary?  That way,
> 				all the rest of us need not receive every
> comment and reply?  If you want
> 				to cite me as the proposer of this plan,
> please do so.
> 				Bob
>
>
>
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Aug 11 08:57:52 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA13419 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 08:57:52 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA04993; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 09:04:38 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma004966; Wed, 11 Aug 99 09:04:09 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 09:01:02 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA60093; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 12:55:42 GMT
Received: from aol11.wff.nasa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id IAA60469; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 08:55:36 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from aol11.wff.nasa.gov (aol11.wff.nasa.gov [128.154.1.161])
	by aol11.wff.nasa.gov (8.8.5/8.8.5) with SMTP id HAA02315;
	Wed, 11 Aug 1999 07:44:23 -0400
Date: Wed, 11 Aug 1999 07:44:22 -0400 (EDT)
From: "C. W. Wright (1698)" <wright@osb1.wff.nasa.gov>
X-Sender: wright@aol11.wff.nasa.gov
To: Jim Ivey <jivey@seas.marine.usf.edu>
cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: coral-list
In-Reply-To: <3.0.5.32.19990810112954.007dc3f0@seas.marine.usf.edu>
Message-Id: <Pine.LNX.3.95.990811072540.2258A-100000@aol11.wff.nasa.gov>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "C. W. Wright (1698)" <wright@osb1.wff.nasa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status: A
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 487
A list moderator could easily "clean up" the coral list.  I operate a
system with several majordomo lists that each have approximately 1000
subscribers.  Some are moderated sone are not.  The moderator is a
volunteer member of the list, and all posts to the list simply go to him
first.  He reviews them, edits "flames", spam, irrelevant material, and
generally filters what finally gets distributed to list members.  The list
I'm thinking of (canard-aviators@canard.com) has abt 900 members and 10 to
15 messages per day.  It takes the moderators abt an hour each day to take
care of the list.  The moderation task can be divided between several
people and it's easy to setup (at least for majordomo lists).
The coral list value would be enhanced significantly by appointing one or
more moderators.
The problem of repeatedly answering the same questions can be addressed by
someone reviewing an archive of the list and isolating the repeatd
questions/answers and creating a web page of FAQs (Frequently Asked
Questions) and their answers.  A link to that web page would then be added
to the bottom of every message posted to the list, so people could quickly
and easily access it.
Best regards,
C W Wright
--<<< We are committed to exceeding requirements >>>----->-+
C.W. Wright,wright@osb.wff.nasa.gov,        Ph:757-824-1698
http://lidar.wff.nasa.gov                  Fax:603-925-6886
NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center
Building N-159 Room E117, Code 972,Wallops Flight Facility
Wallops Island, Va. 23337
-------+-<-------------------------------------------------
>
> I agree with Bob but only for questions regarding instruments, techniques,
> or specific questions. An example of a specific question would be, "Where
> is <insert species> found?"  Questions and comments that might bring about
> a debate should be left as general posts.  Unless someone is willing to act
> as an enforcer of the reporting then I would suggest it be voluntary.
> People that want a specific answer and are willing to report the results
> should add a line requesting that all replies be sent to their personal
> address.  If they do not follow through on reporting after volunteering,
> then we should forward all our junk mail to them :-).
>
> Regards,
>
> Jim
>
>
> At 04:47 PM 8/6/99 -0400, rginsburg@rsmas.miami.edu wrote:
> >Jim,
> >
> >I wonder if we could in some way avoid having all the replies to a question
> >posted on the List?  Could you suggest that when someone raises a question
> >or comment, that they become the reporter and all replies and experessions
> >of interest are directed to them instead of to the entire list?  Then,
> >after they have had some feedback, they could post a  summary?  That way,
> >all the rest of us need not receive every comment and reply?  If you want
> >to cite me as the proposer of this plan, please do so.
> >Bob
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> -------------------------------------------------------------
> James E. Ivey 		   |	Tel# (727) 553-1503
> University of S. Florida   |	Fax# (727) 553-1189
> 140 7th Ave S.		   |	e-mail: jivey@marine.usf.edu
> St. Petersburg, FL 33701   |
> -------------------------------------------------------------
>
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Aug 11 10:02:51 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA00739 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 10:02:50 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA12760; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 10:07:33 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma012704; Wed, 11 Aug 99 10:07:20 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 10:04:25 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA60606; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 13:55:44 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id JAA57899; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 09:55:33 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA11729; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 09:58:20 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma011630; Wed, 11 Aug 99 09:57:38 -0400
Received: from surf.blur (surf [172.16.100.3])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with ESMTP
	  id JAA27779 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 09:52:52 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from localhost by surf.blur (8.8.8+Sun/SMI-SVR4)
	id JAA25635; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 09:52:52 -0400 (EDT)
Date: Wed, 11 Aug 1999 09:52:52 -0400 (EDT)
From: Jim Hendee <Jim.Hendee@noaa.gov>
X-Sender: hendee@surf
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: coral-list moderation
In-Reply-To: <Pine.LNX.3.95.990811072540.2258A-100000@aol11.wff.nasa.gov>
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.03.9908110901110.23729-100000@surf>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jim Hendee <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 488
On Wed, 11 Aug 1999, C. W. Wright (1698) wrote:
> A list moderator could easily "clean up" the coral list.
Long-time coral-list subscribers may remember that at one time I did
moderate all submissions to coral-list. However, with all due respect to
C.W. Wright, I now prefer not to "clean-up" the free speech, wherever
possible.  As you all know, I quite often admonish or encourage people to
try to limit their comments to coral research.  Coral-list subscribers are
for the most part professional colleagues who know one another and
generally do not "misbehave" online, or offline.  Hence, "clean up" is
generally not necessary.  Dr. Bob Ginsburg's message came basically, I
believe, out of frustration at reading the many messages to the list,
rather that reading summarizations by the original submitters who got the
answers.  (This is one reason I have also offered coral-list-digest.) As
you have seen from the thread, some people agree with him, some don't.
As it is now, it is up to the submitter of a question to say, "Please
respond to me personally, and I will post a summary at a later time."
Some people have done this, some people wish others did it more often.
> I operate a
> system with several majordomo lists that each have approximately 1000
> subscribers.  Some are moderated sone are not.  The moderator is a
> volunteer member of the list, and all posts to the list simply go to him
> first.  He reviews them, edits "flames", spam, irrelevant material, and
> generally filters what finally gets distributed to list members.  The list
> I'm thinking of (canard-aviators@canard.com) has abt 900 members and 10 to
> 15 messages per day.  It takes the moderators abt an hour each day to take
> care of the list.  The moderation task can be divided between several
> people and it's easy to setup (at least for majordomo lists).
Some of us would not be happy campers at getting 10 to 15 *extra* messages
a day!
The caveats here are "time" and "volunteer".  I, for one, do other things
besides administer coral-list and the CHAMP Program, which has not been
funded, except via in-house (i.e., "base") funds, since 1993 (by NOAA's
Office of Global Programs, via Dr. Mark Eakin). I have found through my
life experiences that "you get what you pay for", and that when
crunch-time comes, and you absolutely MUST have something done, you can't
order your volunteer help to do what must be done, because he/she has
other personal priorities.  Been there, done that. In this particular
case, "must" equals a professional attitude and diligence to the task(s)
at hand, and I would not dare to sumbit coral-list to anything less.
This is not to say that your lists would be less professional, it is just
to say that I don't care to let coral-list get that way by someone who is
not being paid a fair dollar to do an excellent job (but see next).
> The coral list value would be enhanced significantly by appointing one or
> more moderators.
If I had the funds to hire a systems administrator who could also
moderate, I'd do it in a heart-beat, believe me.  On the other hand, if I
were located at a university where I had daily or frequent access to a
graduate student whom I could train, monitor, etc., then I might do that.
That is, graduate students are generally motivated to the same level as
someone who is paid (especially if the student is receiving a stiped to do
that work). I have made an enquiry to a colleague at a local university
(which has coral research as a major mandate) about a provisional
agreement in which I could "turn over the reins" through time, but
unfortunately have not received a response yet.
> The problem of repeatedly answering the same questions can be addressed by
> someone reviewing an archive of the list and isolating the repeatd
> questions/answers and creating a web page of FAQs (Frequently Asked
> Questions) and their answers.  A link to that web page would then be added
> to the bottom of every message posted to the list, so people could quickly
> and easily access it.
Actually, Dr. Judy Lang and I have been working on how to go about making
an FAQ list for a "coral-student" list, offline.  We are awaiting feedback
from our colleagues. As some of you original coral-listers may remember, I
tried back several years ago to get feedback from susbscribers for an FAQ
list, but to no avail (like, only three responses).  (I would remind the
subscribers that even though I have two degrees in marine biology, my
speciality in coral-list is as an information systems person, and only
secondarily as a coral enthusiast).
In summary, I am open to suggestions on how to manage coral-list.  I have
done quite a bit behind the scenes (e.g., never ending attempts to get
CHAMP funded, discussions with colleagues, meetings with NOAA personnel,
etc.) to make things better, but the bottom line right now is: quality
product equals time + money + quality help (the ageless formula).
	Cheers,
	Jim Hendee
	coral-list administrator
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Aug 11 13:01:13 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <CoralReefA@aol.com>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA19522 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 13:01:13 -0400 (EDT)
From: CoralReefA@aol.com
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA01245; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 13:07:59 -0400
Received: from imo24.mx.aol.com(198.81.17.68) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma001138; Wed, 11 Aug 99 13:07:47 -0400
Received: from CoralReefA@aol.com
	by imo24.mx.aol.com (mail_out_v22.4.) id xJPDa14818 (8014);
	Wed, 11 Aug 1999 13:03:46 -0400 (EDT)
Message-ID: <83df452c.24e306f2@aol.com>
Date: Wed, 11 Aug 1999 13:03:46 EDT
Subject: Re:  Re: coral-list moderation
To: hendee@aoml.noaa.gov, owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov,
        coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Mailer: AOL 3.0.1 for Mac sub 84
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 489
Jim,
I know that I speak for the vast majority of the coral-list users when I say
"THANK YOU" for all of the time, energy and thought you have put into the
list.  The coral-list is a tremendous resource for all of us.
It is great that you are open to making improvements, but it shouldn't all
fall on your shoulders.  It may be time for us to collectively think about
where we might be able to find some financial/personnel support for the list
so that you can make the types of changes you refer to in your message.
At the very least, we coral-listers should start to take some more
responsibility as well for projects such as the FAQ list.
Thanks again for all your good work,
Stephen Colwell
Executive Director
CORAL- The Coral Reef Alliance
"Working together to keep coral reefs alive"
Address: 64 Shattuck Square, Suite 220
Berkeley, CA 94704
tel:  510-848-0110
fax: 510-848-3720
email: SColwell@coral.org
web site: www.coral.org
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Aug 11 13:03:17 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA20112 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 13:03:16 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA01450; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 13:10:02 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma001386; Wed, 11 Aug 99 13:09:40 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 13:05:51 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA61660; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 16:55:31 GMT
Received: from relay4.hawaii.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA61708; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 12:55:12 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from uhunix1.its.hawaii.edu ([128.171.44.6]) by relay4.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <373565(3)>; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 06:55:04 -1000
Received: from localhost by uhunix1.its.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <135718(5)>; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 06:55:01 -1000
Date: 	Wed, 11 Aug 1999 06:54:58 -1000
From: "J. Charles Delbeek" <delbeek@hawaii.edu>
X-Sender: delbeek@uhunix1
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Coral Harvesting
In-Reply-To: <l0313030bb3d5dfb93bd9@[38.26.9.189]>
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.10.9908110638210.2273-100000@uhunix1>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "J. Charles Delbeek" <delbeek@hawaii.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 490
On Tue, 10 Aug 1999, James M. Cervino wrote:
> Coral Harvesting:
>
> JAMES: I have communicated with Eric regarding his data collection and he
> is not basing his information on a "GUT REACTION or EMOTION" He is basing
> his data on FACT.  Interviewing aquarium store owners and seeing the faxes
> and receivable receipts from one store are based on pure fact. Interviewing
> indigenous peoples from the Philippines and other areas in that region as
> well as confirming their information by visiting the reefs first hand
> (where corals are collected) and compiling data is FACT and not a gut
> reaction.  EXAMPLE: Observing collectors collect Plerogyra from a location
> in Malaysia; they did not just collect a few colonies, they collected the
> entire patch (about 15 yard radius) without leaving one single fragment
> behind.  Not to mention the trampling and damage to the surrounding corals
> that are not needed for coral collection.  They cannot travel very far for
> collection, they stay in a particular reef area near their home, which in
> this case is on a small island, when the corals are gone they have
> basically depleted some very important species.  These corals are sold for
> pennies, and sold to the middle men who profit a great deal.  The corals
> are then brought to the USA and sold between $30- $100. When I told the
> collector what they are sold for in the USA, he did not believe me, he
> looked at me with a shocked look on his face.
>
>
> POSTING: Yes the numbers of corals and live rock collected sound immense
> but if compared to the total amounts of coral and live rock in Fijian
> waters, does this represent a significant and more importantly a negative
> impact on Fijian reefs? Can this rate of collection be sustained without a
> decline on Fijian reefs? You can quote all the numbers you want to (Eric)
> but unless you put those numbers into context they mean nothing.
In refering to the lack of data I did not mean to imply that no numbers of
imports had been collected, that would of course not be true as various
reports have been published on this in the past, though none that I can
remember in a peer reviewed journal (please correct me if wrong). As I
stated in the above paragraph, these numbers mean nothing unless taken in
context. This is where the emotionalism comes into play .. interpreting
those numbers.
I also stated that I know there are abuses going on and I fully agree
something needs to be done. But whereas you would want to shut everything
down, I would prefer to see solutions worked out that are less drastic.
> JAMES: The average person collecting is not making money for the LONG TERM
> to support his or her family! At the current method.  Farming and cutting
> out the middle men and having the families deal directly with the store
> owners in the US might be a better idea.  Along with a proposed strategy,
> and eco-system replenishment along with farming.
I couldn't agree with you more.
> JAMES: Yes Fiji has escaped massive bleaching, this makes us all pleased !!
> This makes me think preservation & sustainable development, NOT
> EXPLOITATION & ignoring the real problems !
I do not understand where you are getting the impression that there is
exploitation and unsustainable development going on in Fiji when it comes
to coral harvesting? Where is the data to show it is exploitive and
unsustainable? This is why I think the recommendations of the upcoming
report make sense, lets study what is actually going on at the collection
level and let the data speak for itself. With the resources of the U. of
the S.P. and all its grad students right there, its a perfect opportunity.
Charles
** My opinions are my own and do not necessarily reflect those of the U.
of Hawaii or the Waikiki Aq. **
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Aug 11 13:13:32 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA22404 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 13:13:31 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA02430; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 13:18:16 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma002379; Wed, 11 Aug 99 13:17:39 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 13:11:23 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA59068; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 17:05:11 GMT
Received: from imo24.mx.aol.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	 id NAA61896; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 13:04:59 -0400 (EDT)
From: CoralReefA@aol.com
Received: from CoralReefA@aol.com
	by imo24.mx.aol.com (mail_out_v22.4.) id xJPDa14818 (8014);
	Wed, 11 Aug 1999 13:03:46 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <83df452c.24e306f2@aol.com>
Date: Wed, 11 Aug 1999 13:03:46 EDT
Subject: Re:  Re: coral-list moderation
To: hendee@aoml.noaa.gov, owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov,
        coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Mailer: AOL 3.0.1 for Mac sub 84
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: CoralReefA@aol.com
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 491
Jim,
I know that I speak for the vast majority of the coral-list users when I say
"THANK YOU" for all of the time, energy and thought you have put into the
list.  The coral-list is a tremendous resource for all of us.
It is great that you are open to making improvements, but it shouldn't all
fall on your shoulders.  It may be time for us to collectively think about
where we might be able to find some financial/personnel support for the list
so that you can make the types of changes you refer to in your message.
At the very least, we coral-listers should start to take some more
responsibility as well for projects such as the FAQ list.
Thanks again for all your good work,
Stephen Colwell
Executive Director
CORAL- The Coral Reef Alliance
"Working together to keep coral reefs alive"
Address: 64 Shattuck Square, Suite 220
Berkeley, CA 94704
tel:  510-848-0110
fax: 510-848-3720
email: SColwell@coral.org
web site: www.coral.org
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug 13 10:11:01 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA27770 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 13 Aug 1999 10:11:00 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA16844; Fri, 13 Aug 1999 10:17:48 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma016794; Fri, 13 Aug 99 10:17:44 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 13 Aug 1999 10:13:56 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA06354; Fri, 13 Aug 1999 13:46:12 GMT
Received: from kellia.nioz.nl by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id JAA06449; Fri, 13 Aug 1999 09:46:06 -0400 (EDT)
From: erikm@nioz.nl
Received: from pcmeet2([145.1.3.68]) (1061 bytes) by kellia.nioz.nl
	via smtpd with P:smtp/R:inet_hosts/T:smtp
	(sender: <erikm@nioz.nl>)
	id <m11FHee-000uyrC@kellia.nioz.nl>
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 13 Aug 1999 15:45:56 +0200 (MET DST)
	(Smail-3.2.0.104 1998-Nov-20 #2 built DST-Jul-20)
Message-Id: <m11FHee-000uyrC@kellia.nioz.nl>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Date: Fri, 13 Aug 1999 15:48:07 +0200
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-type: text/enriched; charset=US-ASCII
Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT
Subject: To brood or to spawn...
Priority: normal
X-mailer: Pegasus Mail for Win32 (v3.11)
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: erikm@nioz.nl
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 492
<color><param>0100,0100,0100</param>Dear colleagues,
Is there anyone who can enlighten me as to the reproductive modes (brooder
 or spawner) of <italic><color><param>0000,0000,0000</param>Colpophyllia natans, Dichocoenia stokesii, Diploria
labyrinthiformis, Eusmilia fastigiata, Meandrina meandrites.
</italic>Any info/references would be much appreciated.
Sincerely,
Erik Meesters
<nofill>
--------------------------------------------
Dr. Erik Meesters
Dept of Marine Ecology
Netherlands Institute of Sea Research (Nioz)
P.O. Box 59
1790 AB Den Burg-The Netherlands
ph. (0)31-(0)222-369530/572
fax (0)31-(0)222-319674
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug 13 15:00:59 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA16129 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 13 Aug 1999 15:00:59 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA17098; Fri, 13 Aug 1999 15:05:46 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma016981; Fri, 13 Aug 99 15:04:57 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 13 Aug 1999 15:02:01 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA08053; Fri, 13 Aug 1999 18:21:35 GMT
Date: Fri, 13 Aug 1999 18:21:35 GMT
Message-Id: <199908131821.SAA08053@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: NEWS@fws.gov
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 493
Date sent: Fri, 13 Aug 1999 10:38:11 -0400
Subject: CORAL SMUGGLING CONVICTIONS SHOW U.S.RESOLVE TO ENFORCE REEF
PROTECTIONS
Sender: owner-coral-list
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: NEWS@fws.gov
This message is from the fws-news listserver.  Please DO NOT
REPLY (it just confuses the computers).
Subscribers can't reply or send their own messages to the
fws-news listserver. This listserver is designed mainly as a
"one way street" for the rapid dissemination of information
concerning the Service and its activities, rather than for
gathering feedback.  To contact us, see the explanatory note
at bottom of the message.
============================================================
August 13, 1999
Sandy Cleva 703-358-1949
Patricia Fisher 202-208-5634
CORAL SMUGGLING CONVICTIONS SHOW U.S.RESOLVE TO ENFORCE REEF
PROTECTIONS
A federal investigation of illegal coral trafficking, spearheaded
by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, resulted in the August 9,
1999, criminal convictions of a Tarpon Springs, Florida man and
his business for smuggling internationally protected corals from
the Phillippines to the United States.  The guilty verdicts
against Petros "Pete" Leventis and Greek Island Imports, Inc.,
which were handed down by a federal jury in Tampa, Florida, after
a week-long trial, represent what Justice Department officials
believe to be the first federal felony convictions for smuggling
protected coral species.
"Coral reefs, which are home to nearly one-quarter of all fish
species, are among the most biologically diverse ecosystems on
earth; they are also among the most imperiled," said Service
Acting Director John Rogers.  "Stopping the illegal commercial
exploitation of coral species is a vital part of U.S. and
international efforts to save these resources."
Leventis, and his business, Greek Island Imports, Inc. were
indicted in November 1998 on conspiracy, smuggling, and wildlife
charges along with Esther T. Flores, the owner and operator of a
seashell and souvenir exporting business located in Cebu City,
Republic of the Philippines.  The pair were accused of conspiring
to smuggle protected corals and seashells into the United States
from that country using false declarations, invoices, and
shipping documents to circumvent U.S. and Philippine laws as well
as international trade restrictions that protect corals and other
marine species.
Commercial exploitation is a serious threat to the continued
viability of the world's coral reefs, nearly 60 percent of which
are considered at risk because of human activities.  Dangers
range from illegal trade and destructive fishing practices to
coastal development and marine pollution.  Large-scale
degradation of reefs has already occurred in east Africa, south
and southeast Asia, parts of the Pacific, and the Caribbean.
Concern for reef conservation prompted the Philippines to ban the
export of corals in 1977.  Many of the species targeted
by Leventis and his alleged supplier (which include blue, organ-
pipe, branch, brush, staghorn, finger, brown stem, mushroom, and
feather corals) have been listed on Appendix II of the Convention
on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and
Flora (CITES) since 1985.  Such species may not be legally traded
without export permits from the country of origin.
On Monday, Leventis and his company were found guilty on two
counts of violating the Lacey Act   a federal statute that makes
it a crime in this country to import wildlife taken in violation
of a foreign, state, tribal, or other U.S. law.  They were also
convicted of one felony count under the federal anti-smuggling
statute.
Leventis will be sentenced in November and could spend up to five
years in jail and be fined up to $250,000 for each of his three
felony convictions.  His company faces fines of up to $500,000
per count.
"Profiteering at the expense of coral reefs will not go
unchecked.  The United States is committed to the rigorous
enforcement of the laws and treaties that protect coral species
worldwide," said Rogers.
The federal investigation of Leventis' smuggling activities began
in July 1997 when a Service wildlife inspector intercepted
a 40-foot shipping container packed with some 350 boxes and
packages of coral and seashells in Tampa, Florida.  Fish and
Wildlife Service special agents and U.S. Customs Service officers
successfully documented a series of transactions involving
protected corals and seashells between the U.S. businessman and
his alleged Philippine supplier that extended back to 1991.
Leventis' Lacey Act and smuggling convictions are tied to the
1997 shipment as well as an illegal 1993 coral importation.
The case was jointly prosecuted by the U.S. Attorney for the
Middle District of Florida and the Wildlife and Marine Resources
Section of the U.S. Department of Justice.  The United States has
filed papers with the Philippines seeking the extradition of
Flores.
Coral and seashell items are often sold as souvenirs in gift
shops and other stores in the United States and around the world.
Consumers in this country should make sure these products are
legal before buying them, and Americans who travel overseas
should check U.S. laws before trying to bring home coral and
shell souvenirs.
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is the principal Federal
agency responsible for conserving, protecting, and enhancing
fish, wildlife, and plants and their habitats for the continuing
benefit of the American people.  The Service manages the 93-
million-acre National Wildlife Refuge System comprised of more
than 500 national wildlife refuges, thousands of small wetlands,
and other special management areas.  It also operates 66 national
fish hatcheries, 64 fish and wildlife management assistance
offices, and 78 ecological services field stations.  The agency
enforces Federal wildlife laws, administers the Endangered
Species Act, manages migratory bird populations, restores
nationally significant fisheries, conserves and restores wildlife
habitat such as wetlands, and helps foreign governments with
their conservation efforts.  It also oversees the Federal Aid
program that distributes hundreds of millions of dollars in
excise taxes on fishing and hunting equipment to state wildlife
agencies.
                            -F W S-
============================================================
News releases are also available on the World Wide Web at
http://www.fws.gov/r9extaff/pubaff.html
Questions concerning a particular news release or item of
information should be directed to the person listed as the
contact. General comments or observations concerning the
content of the information should be directed to Mitch Snow (Mitch_Snow@fws.gov) in the Office of Public Affairs.
============================================================
To unsubscribe from the fws-news listserver, send e-mail to
listserv@www.fws.gov with "unsubscribe fws-news [your name]" in the **body** of the message.  Omit
the "quote marks" - and you should not include anything on the Subject: line.
For additional information about listser
Wendy Shemansky
Environmental News Director, Secretary
West Penn Scuba Divers
Pittsburgh, PA
slkyshrk@sgi.net
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug 13 17:23:58 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA02838 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 13 Aug 1999 17:23:57 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA29925; Fri, 13 Aug 1999 17:30:46 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma029907; Fri, 13 Aug 99 17:30:23 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 13 Aug 1999 17:27:30 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA08875; Fri, 13 Aug 1999 20:51:45 GMT
Received: from ic.si.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA08871; Fri, 13 Aug 1999 16:51:39 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from SIWP01-Message_Server by ic.si.edu
	with Novell_GroupWise; Fri, 13 Aug 1999 16:54:06 -0400
Message-Id: <s7b44dae.083@ic.si.edu>
X-Mailer: Novell GroupWise 5.2
Date: Fri, 13 Aug 1999 15:52:55 -0400
From: "Harilaos Lessios" <LESSIOSH@naos.si.edu>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: 3-Year Fellowship -Forwarded
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: message/rfc822
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Harilaos Lessios" <LESSIOSH@naos.si.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 494
Date: Mon, 26 Jul 1999 15:12:49 -0400
From: "Georgina de Alba (Adriana Bilgray)" <BILGRAYA@tivoli.si.edu>
To: CHRISTYJ@naos.si.edu,COOKER@naos.si.edu, eb@naos.si.edu,
	GUZMANH@naos.si.edu, HILLISL@naos.si.edu, JACKSONJ@naos.si.edu,
	JennionM@naos.si.edu, KNOWLTON@naos.si.edu,
	LESSIOSH@naos.si.edu, ross.robertson@naos.si.edu,
	AIELLOA@tivoli.si.edu, BASSETY@tivoli.si.edu,
	COATESA@tivoli.si.edu, COLINVAP@tivoli.si.edu,
	CONDITR@tivoli.si.edu, CORREAM@tivoli.si.edu,
	GOMEZN@tivoli.si.edu, HERREA@tivoli.si.edu,
	PIPERNOD@tivoli.si.edu, RAND@tivoli.si.edu,
	RUBINOFF@tivoli.si.edu, SALAZARN@tivoli.si.edu,
	SANTOSF@tivoli.si.edu, SMITHN@tivoli.si.edu,
	WCISLOW@tivoli.si.edu, WRIGHTJ@tivoli.si.edu
Subject: 3-Year Fellowship
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-Disposition: inline
We would appreciate if you can forward this fellowship
announcement to potential candidates, colleagues, and
electronic bulletin boards.  We want to start this process
early to ensure that more persons hear about this fellowship
opportunity.
Thank you,
Georgina de Alba
3-Year Tupper Postdoctoral Fellowship
The Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI), in the
Republic of Panama, a division of the Smithsonian
Institution in Washington D.C., invites applications for the
Earl S. Tupper three-year postdoctoral fellowship.
Disciplines may include ecology, anthropology, paleontology,
evolution, behavior and physiology of tropical plants or
animals.  Research should be based at one of the STRI
facilities; proposals that include comparative research in
other tropical countries will be considered. One fellowship
is awarded annually.
Applications should include a detailed research proposal
with budget (less than 10 pages), a curriculum vitae, 2
letters of reference, names and telephone numbers of 3
additional professional references and reprints of most
important papers.  We suggest applicants consult with the
STRI scientific staff member who will serve as their advisor
before submitting final application. Staff and research
interests are listed at http://www.si.edu/stri. Annual
stipend is $30,000 with yearly travel and research
allotments.  Send application by January 15, 2000 to: 3-Year
Postdoctoral Fellowship, Smithsonian Institution,
Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Washington D.C.,
20560-0580,  E-Mail FELLOWS@TIVOLI.SI.EDU.
Awards are based upon merit, without regard to race, color,
religion, sex, national origin, age or condition of handicap
of the applicant.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug 13 17:49:18 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA03174 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 13 Aug 1999 17:49:17 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA01177; Fri, 13 Aug 1999 17:56:08 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma001158; Fri, 13 Aug 99 17:55:49 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 13 Aug 1999 17:52:52 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA09010; Fri, 13 Aug 1999 21:17:59 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA09007; Fri, 13 Aug 1999 17:17:54 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA29278; Fri, 13 Aug 1999 17:20:34 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma029245; Fri, 13 Aug 99 17:19:35 -0400
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA02672 for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 13 Aug 1999 17:12:45 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA29237; Fri, 13 Aug 1999 17:19:33 -0400
Received: from mail1.integraonline.com(206.163.82.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma029203; Fri, 13 Aug 99 17:19:18 -0400
Received: from greenleafpr.com ([198.107.53.24])
	by mail1.integraonline.net (8.9.1/8.9.1) with ESMTP id NAA16953
	for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 13 Aug 1999 13:09:45 -0700
Message-Id: <37B48ACD.4CBC282F@greenleafpr.com>
Date: Fri, 13 Aug 1999 14:18:37 -0700
From: Tamara Greenleaf <tamara@greenleafpr.com>
Organization: Greenleaf Associates
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 (Macintosh; I; PPC)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: coral as a gift item
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii; x-mac-type="54455854"; x-mac-creator="4D4F5353"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Tamara Greenleaf <tamara@greenleafpr.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 495
The article on coral smuggling arrests says
"Coral and seashell items are often sold as souvenirs in gift
shops and other stores in the United States and around the world.
Consumers in this country should make sure these products are
legal before buying them."
The question I have is,
HOW can a consumer make sure a coral item in a gift shop is legal?
Are there any circumstances in which a coral item being sold as a gift or
souvenir is okay?
Tamara Greenleaf
Executive Director, CORALNEWS
co/Greenleaf Associates LLC
812 SW Washington, Ste. 400
Portland, Oregon 97205-3211
Tel: 503/796-0350
Fax: 503/827-6566
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug 13 17:59:30 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <JandL@rivnet.net>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA03358 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 13 Aug 1999 17:59:26 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA01892; Fri, 13 Aug 1999 18:06:17 -0400
Received: from mail.rivnet.net(205.130.32.9) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma001841; Fri, 13 Aug 99 18:05:32 -0400
Received: from [205.130.32.197] (unverified [205.130.32.197]) by mail.rivnet.net
 (EMWAC SMTPRS 0.83) with SMTP id <B0001662438@mail.rivnet.net>;
 Fri, 13 Aug 1999 18:03:04 -0400
Message-ID: <B0001662438@mail.rivnet.net>
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express for Macintosh - 4.01 (297)
Date: Fri, 13 Aug 1999 18:06:14 -0400
Subject: Re: coral-list, of course
From: "Judith Lang & Lynton Land" <JandL@rivnet.net>
To: Jim Hendee <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>
Mime-version: 1.0
X-Priority: 3
Content-type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII"
Content-transfer-encoding: 7bit
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 496
Hi Jim,
Been away for a couple of days.
What about Steve Colwell's email?
FAQs suitable for coral-list could be readily rewritten for the students,
too...
I failed us in DC, in that there were so many concurrent agendas that we
never got to the specifics of what would be on their RECON website...but I
haven't forgotten if that should seem to be the appropriate way to go.
Have a great week-end,
Judy
PS The word is getting around. EPA guys a little vexed that the scientists
are only complaining about NOAA cuts when they perceive their position as
being even more precarious. I said, "All I need is a mole..."
----------
>From: CoralReefA@aol.com
>To: hendee@aoml.noaa.gov, owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov,
coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
>Subject: Re:  Re: coral-list moderation
>Date: Wed, Aug 11, 1999, 1:03 PM
>
>Jim,
>
>I know that I speak for the vast majority of the coral-list users when I say
>"THANK YOU" for all of the time, energy and thought you have put into the
>list.  The coral-list is a tremendous resource for all of us.
>
>It is great that you are open to making improvements, but it shouldn't all
>fall on your shoulders.  It may be time for us to collectively think about
>where we might be able to find some financial/personnel support for the list
>so that you can make the types of changes you refer to in your message.
>
>At the very least, we coral-listers should start to take some more
>responsibility as well for projects such as the FAQ list.
>
>Thanks again for all your good work,
>Stephen Colwell
>Executive Director
>CORAL- The Coral Reef Alliance
>
>"Working together to keep coral reefs alive"
>Address: 64 Shattuck Square, Suite 220
>Berkeley, CA 94704
>
>tel:  510-848-0110
>fax: 510-848-3720
>email: SColwell@coral.org
>web site: www.coral.org
>
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Aug 14 00:19:30 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id AAA06512 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 14 Aug 1999 00:19:29 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id AAA14909; Sat, 14 Aug 1999 00:24:18 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma014868; Sat, 14 Aug 99 00:23:53 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 14 Aug 1999 00:20:59 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id EAA10808; Sat, 14 Aug 1999 04:05:28 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id AAA10827; Sat, 14 Aug 1999 00:05:19 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id AAA14585; Sat, 14 Aug 1999 00:08:06 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma014571; Sat, 14 Aug 99 00:07:06 -0400
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id AAA06362 for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 14 Aug 1999 00:00:14 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id AAA14568; Sat, 14 Aug 1999 00:07:05 -0400
Received: from pisces.tcg.sgi.net(209.166.160.37) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma014552; Sat, 14 Aug 99 00:06:40 -0400
Received: from wendy-shemansky (dap-209-114-167-106.pm4-1-s5.eth.pgh.pa.stargate.net [209.114.167.106])
	by pisces.tcg.sgi.net (StarGate/4.0.24) with SMTP id AAA20161
	for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 14 Aug 1999 00:03:47 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <199908140403.AAA20161@pisces.tcg.sgi.net>
From: "Wendy Jo" <slkyshrk@sgi.net>
To: coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Date: Sat, 14 Aug 1999 00:02:18 -0400
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT
Subject: Re: coral as a gift item
Priority: normal
In-reply-to: <37B48ACD.4CBC282F@greenleafpr.com>
X-mailer: Pegasus Mail for Win32 (v3.01d)
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Wendy Jo" <slkyshrk@sgi.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 497
Tamara Greenleaf wrote:
> The question I have is,
> HOW can a consumer make sure a coral item in a gift shop is legal?
	Only an educated consumer will consult the shop owner and
ask where they came from. And hope the owner will be truthful. The
best way to educate the consumer is to push the peril of the reefs.
Hey, the fur activists did it. Wearing fur became socially
unacceptable.
> Are there any circumstances in which a coral item being sold as a gift or
> souvenir is okay?
	Yes. If it's made of synthetic material.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Wendy Jo Shemansky
Environmental News Director, Secretary
West Penn Scuba Divers
Environmental Science & Management Graduate Student
Duquesne University
Pittsburgh,PA
slkyshrk@sgi.net
**** Think globally, act locally!****
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Aug 15 22:51:26 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id WAA27093 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 15 Aug 1999 22:51:25 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA16767; Sun, 15 Aug 1999 22:56:15 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma016754; Sun, 15 Aug 99 22:56:08 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sun, 15 Aug 1999 22:33:02 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id BAA24489; Mon, 16 Aug 1999 01:52:46 GMT
Received: from imo25.mx.aol.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id VAA24374; Sun, 15 Aug 1999 21:52:41 -0400 (EDT)
From: EricHugo@aol.com
Received: from EricHugo@aol.com
	by imo25.mx.aol.com (mail_out_v22.4.) id bYIEa16296 (3935)
	 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 15 Aug 1999 21:52:04 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <78a884c2.24e8c8c3@aol.com>
Date: Sun, 15 Aug 1999 21:52:03 EDT
Subject: Flower Gardens Update
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Mailer: AOL for Macintosh sub 54
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: EricHugo@aol.com
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 498
Hello all:
My recent trip to the Flower Gardens/Stetson Banks was an overwhelmingly
positive experience.  It has been a long time since I have seen such a
healthy reef system in Gulf/Caribbean waters.
Flower Gardens:  East and West Banks, both reported to be on Mooring #5 at
each reef site
There were many juveniles present of fish, corals and other invertebrates,
and these seem well balanced by healthy populations of predators.  There were
fairly good populations of Diadema urchins, with many spawning during the
night dive at approximately 2100 to 2200 hours (near new moon).  The water
temperature was 87F at the surface and approximately 84-85F at 70-90 feet of
depth. Surface conditions were swells from 2-4 ft and no noticeable currents
at depth during any of the dives. Bleaching was not seen on any corals, with
the possible exception of a very large head of Montastrea annularis.  This
particular colony had a broad flat top over five feet across and continued
down vertically for another 4-5 feet.    The top surface of this coral was
noticeably more light golden colored than the bottom margins, and upper sides
became uniformly more lightened towards the upper surface.  Whether this was
a partial bleaching or just different clades of zooxanthellae and
photoacclimation is questionable, but it was more notably light than similar
sized colonies on its upper surface.
Disease:  The whitened areas of parrot fish bites were obvious.  However, I
noted a total of four corals that appeared to have WBD or a similar white
syndrome.  West Bank had two of these colonies:  A Diploria sp. immediately
at the base of the mooring line attachment had a uniform white band from its
lower margins extending up approximately 1- 2"  around its circumference.  I
found it notable that this coral happened to be at a point where it could be
encountering repeated stresses from divers descending the mooring line.  The
other coral with a WBD-type occurrence was tentatively identified as Madracis
pharensis forma luciphilia. I am not confident in this identification,
however, as my hand lens wasn't with me on this dive.  This coral had been
injured near its lower margin, evidenced by a chunk that was missing, and it
did not appear to be from a bite.  From this area, a white band had begun to
partially encircle the rest of the base, but had not made a complete
circumference yet.  The band was approximately 2-3" wide tapering off to
healthy coral tissue some distance away.  On the East Bank, 2 Diploria sp.
had WBD-type signs, again both adjacent to or very near the mooring
attachment site.  East Bank also had numerous places where bare zones between
competing corals (mostly M. annularis and Diploria sp.) had significant
cyanobacterial accumulations. These accumulations seemed more dense than
those on interacting corals on the West Bank. In a single case observed, the
accumulation was quite localized near the Diploria margin and could, in my
estimate, form a BBD in the future. No visible black consortium material was
present yet, although the cyanobacterial mat was denser and darker than those
present in similar competitive interactions.  No other unusual or unhealthy
conditions were seen at either site.
A Young Ridley's sea turtle was seen at the surface while on deck grazing
through a small patch of Sargassum.  No other sea turtles were seen by the
group.  Two black tip reef sharks were seen at 1800 hours. No reports of
other elasmobranchs.
Stetson Bank:
Shouldn't the name be changed to Millepora Bank?  Heavy fish populations and
very heavy Millepora coverage. No bleaching or disease noticed on any of the
sparse corals covering the area.  Dictyota growth on the flats was moderate
but not overgrowing the Madracis sp. or other isolated coral heads present.
Some fireworms seen grazing on Millepora at 0700 hours.  One large spotted
eagle ray was seen at 1030 hours. Fairly turbid green water with moderate
currents at depth and a pronounced 5-7F thermocline at approximately 40 feet
from the surface.
For those who made specific requests for photos and specific reports, I will
forward the pictures and reply directly as soon as they are developed.  I did
not locate M. asperula on any of my dives.
Eric Borneman
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Aug 16 06:33:45 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id GAA00605 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 16 Aug 1999 06:33:44 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id GAA24939; Mon, 16 Aug 1999 06:40:36 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma024926; Mon, 16 Aug 99 06:40:23 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 16 Aug 1999 06:12:40 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id JAA26474; Mon, 16 Aug 1999 09:23:52 GMT
Received: from phoenix.wcmc.org.uk by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id FAA26419; Mon, 16 Aug 1999 05:23:46 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from groupwise.wcmc.org.uk (groupwise.wcmc.org.uk [192.26.45.142])
	by phoenix.wcmc.org.uk (8.9.0/8.9.0) with SMTP id KAA27197
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 16 Aug 1999 10:24:12 +0100 (BST)
Received: from GROUPWISE-Message_Server by groupwise.wcmc.org.uk
	with Novell_GroupWise; Mon, 16 Aug 1999 10:23:17 +0100
Message-Id: <s7b7e695.082@groupwise.wcmc.org.uk>
X-Mailer: Novell GroupWise 5.5.2
Date: Mon, 16 Aug 1999 10:22:50 +0100
From: "Ed Green" <edg@wcmc.org.uk>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Call For Consultants - A Request For Expressions Of Interest
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Disposition: inline
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Ed Green" <edg@wcmc.org.uk>
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id GAA00605
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 499
Call For Consultants - A Request For Expressions Of Interest
At the request of the UNEP Division of Environmental Conventions WCMC is in the process of developing a project to support coral reef assessments in four areas, those covered by the Cartagena, Lima, Nairobi and Jeddah Regional Seas Conventions. The need for this work was identified at a recent meeting of the Regional Seas Secretariats in the Hague.
The proposed plan of activity would include the development of terms of reference for consultants to visit each Secretariat to discuss and report on:
			the availability of data on the region's coral reefs
	the adequacy of existing data in the region
	regional coral reef information needs and priorities
	regional training and capacity building needs
	relevant regional programmes and activities
	national involvement in international conventions
in the context of the sustainable use and protection of coral reefs.
The details of this project, including exact terms of reference, will be finalised during a meeting at WCMC on Wednesday 18th August. The consultants will be identified and timetables arranged for their visits before the end of August. Their visits would occur during September and a report would be due in early October.
If you are interested in acting for WCMC and UNEP in a consulting capacity then please send me an expression of interest as soon as possible - at the moment this should NOT include more than contact details and a SHORT paragraph summarising relevant experience.
Thank you,
Ed.
Dr. Edmund Green
Head, Marine and Coastal Programme
World Conservation Monitoring Centre
219 Huntingdon Road
Cambridge CB3 0DL
United Kingdom
Tel: (44) 1223 277314
Fax: (44) 1223 277136
http://www.wcmc.org.uk/marine/
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Aug 17 09:26:59 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA21273 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 17 Aug 1999 09:26:58 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA09596; Tue, 17 Aug 1999 09:33:52 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma009456; Tue, 17 Aug 99 09:32:56 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 17 Aug 1999 09:27:40 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA35859; Tue, 17 Aug 1999 12:36:02 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id IAA36176; Tue, 17 Aug 1999 08:35:55 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA04043; Tue, 17 Aug 1999 08:38:44 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma003865; Tue, 17 Aug 99 08:37:44 -0400
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA06088 for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 17 Aug 1999 08:30:48 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA03850; Tue, 17 Aug 1999 08:37:42 -0400
Received: from mail.hchb.noaa.gov(140.90.150.15) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma003693; Tue, 17 Aug 99 08:36:51 -0400
Received: from hdq.noaa.gov ([140.90.150.222]) by diablo.hchb.noaa.gov
          (Netscape Messaging Server 3.62)  with ESMTP id 628
          for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 17 Aug 1999 08:24:43 -0400
Message-Id: <37B955A0.9356CF43@hdq.noaa.gov>
Date: Tue, 17 Aug 1999 08:29:21 -0400
From: "Roger B Griffis" <Roger.B.Griffis@noaa.gov>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en] (Win95; U)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral list <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Aldo Leopold Leadership Program
Content-Type: multipart/mixed;
 boundary="------------83D5A5576CD9599AF7CA774D"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Roger B Griffis" <Roger.B.Griffis@hdq.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 500
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
--------------83D5A5576CD9599AF7CA774D
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Note!!! The application deadline is August 31, 1999.
The Aldo Leopold Leadership Program -- about to begin its
second year -- will train 60 environmental scientists to be
effective communicators and leaders. The Leopold Leadership
Fellows will be primarily tenured academic environmental
scientists who are active in research and teaching. Leopold
Leadership Fellows hone skills that enable them to better
share their knowledge of environmental science with media
representatives, policy makers, and the private sector.
The Program will train 20 scientists a year for three years.
The first cohort of fellows -- which includes at least three
active SSI members -- has completed the first training
session and will soon embark upon the second one in the DC
area.
The training sessions include five modules:
* Providing Leadership within the Scientific Community
* Providing Scientific Input to the Policy Process
* Communicating with the Media
* Interacting with the Corporate Sector
* Working with Non-Governmental Organizations
The above topics will be spread out over the course of two
week-long training sessions -- the first training session is
scheduled for June 13-20, 2000, and the second for a week
next September. The application deadline for the second
year's program is August 31, 1999. Since the application
requires some references, you might want to take a look
right away if you are interested.
To apply or to nominate a candidate, or for more information
(including information on this year's fellows), access their
web site: http://www.leopold.orst.edu
Or contact Dr. Judith R. Vergun, Project Director, (541)
737-4684; (541) 737-2450 (fax); vergunj@oce.orst.edu
Or Dr. Jane Lubchenco, Steering Committee Chair, (541) 737-
5337; (541) 737-3360 (fax); lubchenj@bcc.orst.edu
--------------83D5A5576CD9599AF7CA774D
Content-Type: text/x-vcard; charset=us-ascii;
 name="Roger.B.Griffis.vcf"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Description: Card for Roger B Griffis
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename="Roger.B.Griffis.vcf"
begin:vcard
n:Griffis;Roger
tel;pager:1-800-701-4837
tel;fax:202-501-3024
tel;work:202-482-5034
x-mozilla-html:FALSE
org:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration;U.S. Department of Commerce
version:2.1
email;internet:Roger.B.Griffis@hdq.noaa.gov
title:Office of Policy and Strategic Planning
adr;quoted-printable:;;14th and Constitution Ave NW=0D=0AHCHB Rm 6117;Washington;DC;20230;USA
fn:Roger B. Griffis
end:vcard
--------------83D5A5576CD9599AF7CA774D--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Aug 17 10:40:01 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA11164 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 17 Aug 1999 10:40:00 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA20115; Tue, 17 Aug 1999 10:44:50 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma019920; Tue, 17 Aug 99 10:44:14 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 17 Aug 1999 10:12:29 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA36691; Tue, 17 Aug 1999 13:29:15 GMT
Received: from front7.grolier.fr by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id JAA36112; Tue, 17 Aug 1999 09:29:09 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from ozzie.home (Chartres-1-20.club-internet.fr [195.36.131.20])
	by front7.grolier.fr (8.9.3/No_Relay+No_Spam_MGC990224) with SMTP id PAA24310
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 17 Aug 1999 15:28:58 +0200 (MET DST)
Message-Id: <001c01bee8b8$129f2a40$148324c3@home>
From: "Micky V. Schoelzke" <mickyfit@club-internet.fr>
To: "coral list" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Need for standardization in nutrient enrichment studies?
Date: Tue, 17 Aug 1999 15:38:43 +0200
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_000B_01BEE8C6.967D1120"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2014.211
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2014.211
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Micky V. Schoelzke" <mickyfit@club-internet.fr>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 501
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_000B_01BEE8C6.967D1120
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="Windows-1252"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Hello,
I would like to throw in some ideas that came to me while working on =
nutrient enrichment on aquarium grown nubbins of S. pistillata. From my =
few month experience in this kind of experiments and with a close look =
at the literature published, I  thought that there is a crucial need of =
some standardization. Indeed, nutrient enrichment experiments have =
produced a large amount of data which is hardly comparable. during my =
work, I experienced trouble finding the right protocol. What I wanted =
was a constant enrichment of iron and/or nitrate in my experimental =
tanks and this is only feasible with a precise protocol. A lot of =
laboratory based enrichment studies were done by "flushing" periodically =
some elevated concentrations of a given nutrient in the tanks and very =
few studies actually measured the "real" amount of nutrient present in =
the system at all times. My ecotoxicology course are still in my memory, =
and in this field, there are some standardized bioassays published, =
making it easy for researchers to perform experiments which are =
reproducible and easily compared with each other. I think that this =
could be done in coral research: there could be protocols set up which =
would be very useful for comparisons between geographical areas and =
growth conditions. A reproducible protocol on coral nubbins and whole =
colonies performed in laboratory conditions is very feasible (the =
protocol I use would be) and the same reproducibility is probably =
achievable (although probably requiring more sophisticated techniques) =
in the field on colonies of single species and on coral communities.=20
I would welcome any ideas about the subject, which has puzzled me for =
some time.
I 'm not a researcher yet, but only a Master's degree student =
discovering the hard time of research on corals so I hope you don't find =
me a bit presomptuous! This is only an idea that came from struggling =
through literature!!
Thanks for your reactions.
Regards,
MICKY=20
Vanessa M. SCHOELZKE
FRANCE
Tel: (33) 0662592560
mickyfit@club-internet.fr
mickyfit@yahoo.com
------=_NextPart_000_000B_01BEE8C6.967D1120
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="Windows-1252"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Dwindows-1252" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D"MSHTML 5.00.2014.210" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>Hello,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>I would like to throw in some ideas that came to me =
while=20
working on nutrient enrichment on aquarium grown nubbins of S. =
pistillata. From=20
my few month experience in this kind of experiments and with a close =
look at the=20
literature published, I&nbsp; thought that there is a crucial need of =
some=20
standardization. Indeed, nutrient enrichment experiments have produced a =
large=20
amount of data which is hardly comparable. during my work, I experienced =
trouble=20
finding the right protocol. What I wanted was a constant enrichment of =
iron=20
and/or nitrate in my experimental tanks and this is only feasible with a =
precise=20
protocol. A lot of laboratory based enrichment studies were done by =
"flushing"=20
periodically some elevated concentrations of a given nutrient in the =
tanks and=20
very few studies actually measured the "real" amount of nutrient present =
in the=20
system at all times. My ecotoxicology course are still in my memory, and =
in this=20
field, there are some standardized bioassays published, making it easy =
for=20
researchers to perform experiments which are reproducible and easily =
compared=20
with each other. I think that this could be done in coral research: =
there could=20
be protocols set up which would be very useful for comparisons between=20
geographical areas and growth conditions. A reproducible protocol on =
coral=20
nubbins and whole colonies performed in laboratory conditions is very =
feasible=20
(the protocol I use would be) and the same reproducibility is probably=20
achievable (although probably requiring more sophisticated techniques) =
in the=20
field on colonies of single species and on coral communities. =
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>I would welcome any ideas about the subject, which =
has puzzled=20
me for some time.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>I 'm not a researcher yet, but only a Master's =
degree student=20
discovering the hard time of research on corals so I hope you don't find =
me a=20
bit presomptuous! This is only an idea that came from struggling through =
literature!!</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>Thanks for your reactions.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>Regards,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>MICKY </FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>Vanessa M. SCHOELZKE<BR>FRANCE<BR>Tel: (33) =
0662592560<BR><A=20
href=3D"mailto:mickyfit@club-internet.fr">mickyfit@club-internet.fr</A><B=
R><A=20
href=3D"mailto:mickyfit@yahoo.com">mickyfit@yahoo.com</A></FONT></DIV></B=
ODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_000_000B_01BEE8C6.967D1120--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Aug 17 16:29:51 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA20238 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 17 Aug 1999 16:29:50 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA11238; Tue, 17 Aug 1999 16:34:40 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma011214; Tue, 17 Aug 99 16:33:58 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 17 Aug 1999 14:59:39 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA38571; Tue, 17 Aug 1999 18:43:09 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA38069; Tue, 17 Aug 1999 14:43:03 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA24683; Tue, 17 Aug 1999 14:45:51 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma024650; Tue, 17 Aug 99 14:45:43 -0400
Received: from surf.blur (surf [172.16.100.3])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with ESMTP
	  id OAA19816 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 17 Aug 1999 14:38:47 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from localhost by surf.blur (8.8.8+Sun/SMI-SVR4)
	id OAA09825; Tue, 17 Aug 1999 14:40:51 -0400 (EDT)
Date: Tue, 17 Aug 1999 14:40:51 -0400 (EDT)
From: Jim Hendee <Jim.Hendee@noaa.gov>
X-Sender: hendee@surf
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Caribbean CoastWatch images
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.03.9908171425040.6021-100000@surf>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jim Hendee <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 502
Greetings,
	We will soon be able to provide (via the CHAMP Web site) 1.1 km
resolution 3-day composite CoastWatch satellite AVHRR images of selected
regions of the Caribbean. Right now, the targeted areas we plan to include
are the Florida Keys, most of the Bahamas, Puerto Rico and the U.S. Vigin
Islands.  If you have a justifiable scientific need for these
hi-resolution CoastWatch images at other areas in the Caribbean, please
drop me a line and I will try to arrange to have these posted daily, too.
	Cheers,
	Jim Hendee
  ----------------------------------------------------
  Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory
  National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
  U.S. Department of Commerce
  4301 Rickenbacker Causeway
  Miami, FL  33149-1026
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Aug 18 02:40:57 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id CAA28329 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 18 Aug 1999 02:40:56 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id CAA16053; Wed, 18 Aug 1999 02:47:52 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma016039; Wed, 18 Aug 99 02:47:27 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 18 Aug 1999 02:44:27 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id GAA41943; Wed, 18 Aug 1999 06:26:30 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id CAA41635; Wed, 18 Aug 1999 02:26:25 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id CAA15374; Wed, 18 Aug 1999 02:29:12 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma015356; Wed, 18 Aug 99 02:28:13 -0400
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id CAA22983 for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 18 Aug 1999 02:23:22 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id CAA15347; Wed, 18 Aug 1999 02:28:11 -0400
Received: from oberon.dnai.com(207.181.194.97) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma015320; Wed, 18 Aug 99 02:27:53 -0400
Received: from cadpros.com (dnai-207-181-250-30.dsl.dnai.com [207.181.250.30])
	by oberon.dnai.com (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id WAA29304
	for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 17 Aug 1999 22:35:46 -0700 (PDT)
Received: from cadpros.com [192.168.254.15] by cadpros.com [216.15.100.100] with SMTP (MDaemon.v2.7.SP2.R) for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 17 Aug 1999 22:37:42 -0700
Message-Id: <37BA44A8.F227E3C9@cadpros.com>
Date: Tue, 17 Aug 1999 22:29:12 -0700
From: Bob Mankin <bob@cadpros.com>
Organization: cadPROS PCB Design Experts, Inc.
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.03 [en] (X11; I; SunOS 5.6 sun4u)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: "coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov" <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Re: Coral Harvesting - Fiji.
References: <f367cd49.24dc3bf6@aol.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-MDaemon-Deliver-To: coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Bob Mankin <bob@cadpros.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 503
Greetings all,
When I first started following this thread, I was simply
interested. After asking a few questions of the appropriate people, my
interest became concern, and now, with each email exchange/phone
conversation it is reaching alarm. The numbers as posted in this thread
appear to be greatly exaggerated.
Let us hit on a few points raised here:
1) There were discrepancies noted between the figures quoted here and
what CITIES and the Fiji officials are quoting. Huge discrepancies
apparently, yet no one felt a need to better understand this BEFORE
jumping into the debate and quoting ridiculous numbers(and I will
qualify that labeling). These incorrect figures are also being given to
government officials considering legislation for the industry and they
form the basis of papers and presentations on the so called "State of
the Trade". Such important discussions on the topic warrant some careful
consideration and validation of the data I would think. For the record,
in conversations I have had with exporters in Fiji and the Solomon
Islands within just the past week, I can tell you that the amount of
live Acropora spp. being imported from Fiji at this time is running
around 10,000 pieces per year. Considerably less than the 275,000 that
was suggested earlier. This 10,000 piece figure can and will be
documented in forthcoming debates on this topic. Rest assured.
2) It was suggested that live rock imports were 8.5 million pieces last
year. Using an average figure of 2 lbs/rock, which anyone familiar with
this trade will agree is pretty close, you have the quoted figure of 17
million lbs. of rock imported into the US in 1998. The actual figure,
based on numbers supplied again by the largest Fiji exporters is
actually in the neighborhood of 2 million lbs/year. Apparently the
poster didn't think about the simple fact that you cannot ship 17
million lbs. in a year's time even if you used every available inch
of freight space on the daily Air Pacific flights from Nadi into LAX
every day for the whole year! Don't forget, live corals, fish and the
water weight associated with them goes on the same flight.
3) As for the suggestion that Fiji outships all of Indonesia, let's take
a look. 2 live coral export stations in Fiji versus an estimated 60 in
Indonesia. What is the likelihood of that happening? To base such a
suggestion on one's observation at retail locations over 10,000 miles
away would seem to be a bit of a stretch. Corals and fish are commonly
mislabeled at both the retail and wholesale level in this business, many
times through no fault of the dealer, but because they relied on a third
party for the information. On what data was this suggestion based or was
it simply the poster's own perception being stated?
4) On what is the suggestion of underreporting based? Consider that each
and every shipment hiting a port of entry must have CITIES
documentation(or the equivalent thereof) and will be accompanied by an
airline airwaybill with the actual weight of the shipment. Any
significant deviation in numbers between the two documents is going to
raise a flag. If you show up with more animals than you are permitted
for, you risk losing the entire shipment. Which reputable Fiji exporter
do you suggest is participating in such foolish 'cat and mouse' behavior
with Customs and USF&W?
It is common practice to overreport in this business. There is no
penalty for doing so if you show up at the port of entry light or with
reduced piece counts. Fiji export permits must be applied for a full
week in advance of a shipment. The exporter will ALWAYS estimate high
for every given species that he expects to collect for the following
week. In the case of Acropora spp. mentioned in this thread, obtaining
permits for 300 animals and then shipping only 100 or less is common for
Fiji. Happens just about every week and this information was offered to
me directly just yesterday. I wanted to suggest that the skew in numbers
is due to the original poster looking at permitted numbers versus actual
shipped numbers, but even that cannot fully explain the discrepancy.
5) It was suggested that the villagers involved in the collection for
this trade cannot make a decent living and are being taken advantage of
by the exporters as a rule. This is simply not true. For example, a
government job in the Solomon Islands is considered a good paying job at
approximately $1200 dollars Solomon per month. Contrast this with a hard
working fisherman, using the training provided by the exporters and
responsible net catching methods, a good catch will net him $800 dollars
Solomon in one day. This is without the use of NaCN and the suggestion
that the use of cyanide is nearly universal in this industry is simply
wrong. The Philippine example cited earlier could be easily explained if
someone is willing to look at all factors involved there.
6) It was suggested that middlemen make all the money in a corrupt
industry while again taking advantage of the native collectors. Live
corals sell for $3-$5 each, fish for as little as 50 cents US before
packing and shipping. The price is generally doubled if resold at
wholesale, but less if the shipment is transhipped directly to the
retail store. The largest markups occur at the retail level itself.
Attempts to cut the middlemen will result in less than ideal collection
and holding facilities, poor packaging for transport, constant shipping
delays and an overall increase in DOA animals upon arrival into the US.
It would only be a matter of a few shipments progressing like this and
the customer base would dry up. It has been tried even very recently.
What was the intent of this idea exactly?
7) It is being suggested that some worthwhile data about "State of
the Trade" is going to be learned from monitoring a single store, and
one on the east coast no less. A couple of things wrong here; first,
they see the longest transit times of anyone for moving these animals
therefore their experience with DOA counts will not accurately reflect
the industry average. Secondly, prices on the east coast are commonly
known to be quite a bit higher than those closer to the main port of
entry in Los Angeles. Again, an accurate reflection on the industry at
large by monitoring this one store would be impossible. One data point
does not a graph make.
8) While the efforts are building for a complete ban on coral imports, I
have yet to see much effort in addressing the fallout of such a move.
How much consideration is being given to what these people will do for
work afterwards? My contacts suggest they will simply shift over to the
logging trade. Would anybody care to tackle the suggestion that the
logging industry is more friendly or less destructive to the reefs? If
you do not account for these sort of consequences, you are implimenting
bans in a reckless manner, IMO. Win the battle, but lose the war.
9) An outright ban on coral harvesting also effectively shuts down the
coral farming industry, which is still in its infancy. You have already
seen some good posts from those involved in this part of trade. What was
not touched on much was how coral farming in areas like the Solomons has
taught the villagers the value of responsible reef management. No more
stripping areas for the curio trade. That very damaging practice has
been effectively shut down in the areas where the farms are located and
these culturing operations are at least partly to be credited for this.
Other advances in the culturing area might allow coral larvae
collection and growout to become the next step for the trade. This idea
is just starting to show promise and may become a viable commerical
industry within a few years. Managed properly, this could have almost
neglible impact to the reefs while providing income for these poor
nations. At the same time possibly developing the technologies and
understanding for tomorrow when large scale reef replanting may be
required.
In closing, since most do not know me here, I own a small
retail/wholesale livestock business that involves the import of the very
animals in this discussion. Cultured or captive bred livestock is our
main focus. Before someone suggests that I am simply covering my own
interests, keep in mind this is not my primary source of income and I
could easily walk away from my investment in it tomorrow if that were
deemed the most responsible thing for all. But to have bans or even
increased regulations based on such horribly incorrect data is
irresponsible and I suggest some immediate and thorough review. If you
are going to affect the livelihood of thousands of people and the
economies of dozens of nations with this stuff, I would think
discussions with a few more people closer to the 'front lines' of this
business(USF&W officials at LAX for example) are in order.
Respectfully,
Bob Mankin
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Aug 18 15:23:46 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA22507 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 18 Aug 1999 15:23:45 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA16349; Wed, 18 Aug 1999 15:28:36 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma016325; Wed, 18 Aug 99 15:28:25 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 18 Aug 1999 15:05:54 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA46455; Wed, 18 Aug 1999 18:40:42 GMT
Received: from gull.prod.itd.earthlink.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA46365; Wed, 18 Aug 1999 14:40:36 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from jeannemc (pool0254.cvx18-bradley.dialup.earthlink.net [209.179.238.254])
	by gull.prod.itd.earthlink.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id LAA29278
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 18 Aug 1999 11:40:30 -0700 (PDT)
Message-Id: <001601bee9a9$8748e9c0$feeeb3d1@jeannemc>
From: "Jeanne McRae" <jmmcrae@earthlink.net>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: change of address
Date: Tue, 17 Aug 1999 22:22:11 -0700
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.3155.0
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3155.0
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Jeanne McRae" <jmmcrae@earthlink.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 504
Hello-I will be returning to the following address as of 18 Aug 99:
                       sbf@btl.net
Thank you for your attention.
E McRae
SbF/Caye Caulker
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Aug 19 00:48:48 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id AAA22635 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 19 Aug 1999 00:48:47 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id AAA19603; Thu, 19 Aug 1999 00:55:42 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma019587; Thu, 19 Aug 99 00:55:27 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 19 Aug 1999 00:52:22 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id EAA49062; Thu, 19 Aug 1999 04:41:52 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id AAA49060; Thu, 19 Aug 1999 00:41:46 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id AAA19227; Thu, 19 Aug 1999 00:44:35 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma019210; Thu, 19 Aug 99 00:43:35 -0400
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id AAA19473 for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 19 Aug 1999 00:36:39 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id AAA19207; Thu, 19 Aug 1999 00:43:34 -0400
Received: from dnai.com(207.181.194.98) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma019194; Thu, 19 Aug 99 00:43:26 -0400
Received: from cadpros.com (dnai-207-181-250-30.dsl.dnai.com [207.181.250.30])
	by dnai.com (8.8.8/8.8.8) with SMTP id VAA18812
	for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 18 Aug 1999 21:40:22 -0700 (PDT)
Received: from cadpros.com [192.168.254.15] by cadpros.com [216.15.100.100] with SMTP (MDaemon.v2.7.SP2.R) for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 18 Aug 1999 21:42:23 -0700
Message-Id: <37BB8939.2FFADB3E@cadpros.com>
Date: Wed, 18 Aug 1999 21:34:01 -0700
From: Bob Mankin <bob@cadpros.com>
Organization: cadPROS PCB Design Experts, Inc.
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.03 [en] (X11; I; SunOS 5.6 sun4u)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: "coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov" <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Re: Coral Harvesting - Fiji.
References: <Pine.GSO.4.03.9908181115480.14351-100000@surf>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-MDaemon-Deliver-To: coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Bob Mankin <bob@cadpros.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 505
Hello again,
Consider this a sort of informal introduction, but Mr. Walt Smith of
Lautoka, Fiji Islands has asked to join the list and you should be
seeing him weigh in on this debate shortly. For those that do not know,
Walt operates the largest collection station in Fiji and is the point
man most responsible for the numbers in question here.
I'm sure he'll welcome any inquiries about figures or about the way the
industry operates in general. For those who have any interest in this
trade and how it effects the reefs of Fiji, you couldn't get a better
opportunity, so don't be afraid to put him on the spot. I've found Walt
very willing to discuss interesting aspects of the trade and hopefully
he will be able to assist in getting an accurate picture of what is
going on with the Fiji collection and export situation.
Regards,
Bob Mankin
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Aug 19 11:41:07 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA15791 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 19 Aug 1999 11:41:06 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA24659; Thu, 19 Aug 1999 11:45:57 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma024528; Thu, 19 Aug 99 11:44:54 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 19 Aug 1999 11:04:49 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA52550; Thu, 19 Aug 1999 14:53:39 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA52341; Thu, 19 Aug 1999 10:53:18 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA18811; Thu, 19 Aug 1999 10:56:04 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma018695; Thu, 19 Aug 99 10:55:03 -0400
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA01956 for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 19 Aug 1999 10:48:04 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA18687; Thu, 19 Aug 1999 10:55:01 -0400
Received: from unknown(200.3.153.3) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma018640; Thu, 19 Aug 99 10:54:28 -0400
Received: from localhost (ngalvis@localhost) by javercol.javeriana.edu.co (AIX4.2/UCB 8.7/8.7) with SMTP id JAA37750; Thu, 19 Aug 1999 09:48:20 -0500 (BOGOTA)
Date: Thu, 19 Aug 1999 09:48:20 -0500 (BOGOTA)
From: "NOHORA GALVIS _ PROF. FAC. CIENCIAS ECONOMICAS Y ADMINISTRATIVAS-." <ngalvis@javercol.javeriana.edu.co>
To: Wendy Jo <slkyshrk@sgi.net>
cc: coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: coral as a gift item
In-Reply-To: <199908140403.AAA20161@pisces.tcg.sgi.net>
Message-Id: <Pine.A41.3.96.990819094135.22190E-100000@javercol.javeriana.edu.co>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "NOHORA GALVIS _ PROF. FAC. CIENCIAS ECONOMICAS Y ADMINISTRATIVAS-." <ngalvis@javercol.javeriana.edu.co>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 506
Dear sirs,
The artesanal production of artificial (synthetic or wood) organisms of
coral reefs would represent a good socioeconomic alternative for the
community that depend on the extraction of these organisms from natural
reefs. It would be interesting to have information of this kind of
activity in all coral reef areas to study their potential as a solution to
the ilegal market.
Best regards,
NOHORA GALVIS
Colombia
On Sat, 14 Aug 1999, Wendy Jo wrote:
> Tamara Greenleaf wrote:
>
> > The question I have is,
> > HOW can a consumer make sure a coral item in a gift shop is legal?
>
> 	Only an educated consumer will consult the shop owner and
> ask where they came from. And hope the owner will be truthful. The
> best way to educate the consumer is to push the peril of the reefs.
> Hey, the fur activists did it. Wearing fur became socially
> unacceptable.
>
> > Are there any circumstances in which a coral item being sold as a gift or
> > souvenir is okay?
>
> 	Yes. If it's made of synthetic material.
>
>
> ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
> Wendy Jo Shemansky
> Environmental News Director, Secretary
> West Penn Scuba Divers
> Environmental Science & Management Graduate Student
> Duquesne University
> Pittsburgh,PA
> slkyshrk@sgi.net
>
> **** Think globally, act locally!****
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Aug 19 14:03:53 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA26537 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 19 Aug 1999 14:03:52 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA08416; Thu, 19 Aug 1999 14:08:43 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma008374; Thu, 19 Aug 99 14:08:32 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 19 Aug 1999 13:53:39 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA52876; Thu, 19 Aug 1999 17:37:09 GMT
Received: from OCRMHQ.NOS.NOAA.GOV by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA46638; Thu, 19 Aug 1999 13:37:03 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from noaa.gov ([140.90.116.100]) by OCRMHQ.NOS.NOAA.GOV
          (Netscape Messaging Server 3.62)  with ESMTP id 406;
          Thu, 19 Aug 1999 13:37:32 -0400
Message-Id: <37BC4191.BD5E44DF@noaa.gov>
Date: Thu, 19 Aug 1999 13:40:37 -0400
From: Ben Haskell <Ben.Haskell@noaa.gov>
Organization: FKNMS
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 (Macintosh; U; PPC)
X-Accept-Language: en
To: Coral list <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>,
        California Marine Protected Area Network <cmpan@ucdavis.edu>
Subject: [Fwd: Sustainable Seas Nears Completion]
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Ben Haskell <ben.haskell@noaa.gov>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1; x-mac-type="54455854";
  x-mac-creator="4D4F5353"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from Quoted-Printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id OAA26537
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 507
NOAA ITC Announcement wrote:
> The Sustainable Seas Expeditions (SSE), the first systemwide exploration
> of the deep waters of Americas National Marine Sanctuary System, nears
> completion of its 1999 Mission in Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary
> on August 16.
>
> A live video uplink of this unprecedented marine expedition will be held
> on August 20  from 1:00 PM - 2:00 PM EST. During that hour, sanctuary
> staff discuss national and regional perspectives on marine zoning and
> take visitors on a live underwater tour of the coral located in this
> spectacular environment. To participate in the uplink, please register
> at  http://WWW.sustainableseas.noaa.gov/aboutsse/liveevents/help.html
>
> SSE explorations are made possible through the use of a sophisticated
> submersible known as DeepWorker that allows scientists longer time
> underwater to research the inhabitants and habitats within our nations
> marine environments. In SSE most recent dives into Grays Reef National
> Marine Sanctuary, off Georgias coast, aquanauts searched the waters for
> plant and animal fossils of the Pleistocene and studied the night time
> behavior of marine creatures.
>
> During the Florida Keys Marine Sanctuary mission, SSE focuses on
> exploration and characterization of deep coral reef environments,
> monitoring their health with reefs that are shallower or artificial.
> Come September 1, SSE turns to the Flower Garden Bank Marine Sanctuary
> just in time for the coral equivalent of Mardi Gras, the release of
> billions of gametes in a mass coral spawning.
>
> You can follow these extraordinary deep sea explorations in daily
> Mission Logs available on the SSEs official website at
> http://sustainableseas.noaa.gov/ or through the National Marine
> Sanctuary website: http://www.sanctuaries.nos.noaa.gov.
>
> Sustainable Seas Expedition is administered by the National Geographic
> Society in partnership with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
> Administration and funded by the Richard and Rhoda Goldman Fund.
> _______________________________________________________________________
> This message was generated by the NOAA Information Technology
> Center/Computer Division (NOAA employees)
--
Benjamin D. Haskell
Science Coordinator
NOAA/Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary
P.O. Box 500368
Marathon, FL 33050
Phone (305) 743-2437 x25 Fax 743-2357
Email: ben.haskell@noaa.gov
URL: www.sanctuaries.nos.noaa.gov
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug 20 08:01:03 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA09095 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 20 Aug 1999 08:01:02 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA07233; Fri, 20 Aug 1999 08:07:59 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma007214; Fri, 20 Aug 99 08:07:37 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 20 Aug 1999 08:04:42 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id LAA57970; Fri, 20 Aug 1999 11:45:02 GMT
Message-Id: <199908201145.LAA57970@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: Maia McGuire <MMcGuire@HBOI.edu>
To: "'coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov'" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: GPS units--advice?
Date: Wed, 18 Aug 1999 15:11:06 -0400
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Maia McGuire <MMcGuire@HBOI.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 508
Hi everyone,
I am looking for recommendations for GPS units.  We are interested in
purchasing a handheld GPS for the education center at Harbor Branch
Oceanographic Institution and are considering several units manufactured
by Magellan and Garmin.  We are planning to purchase a differential to be
mounted on our pontoon boat, but there seem to be several of the handheld
units that are very similar in features but different in price...
Does anyone have experience with the Magellan 6000, Magellan ColorTRAK ,
Garmin GPS 12, Garmin GPS 12XL or Garmin GPS 48?  Any recommendations?
Any pros or cons of the various models?  They all appear to be similar in
the number of waypoints, etc...
Please respond to me at mmcguire@hboi.edu <mailto:mmcguire@hboi.edu> and
I'll post a summary on the list of the recommendations that are made.
Thanks
Maia McGuire
Assistant scientist/post-doc
Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution
5600 US 1 North
Ft. Pierce, FL 34946
561-465-2400 ext. 508
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug 20 15:33:23 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA11314 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 20 Aug 1999 15:33:22 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA09284; Fri, 20 Aug 1999 15:38:11 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma009093; Fri, 20 Aug 99 15:37:23 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 20 Aug 1999 13:58:16 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA61784; Fri, 20 Aug 1999 17:45:21 GMT
Received: from acd.ufrj.br by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA61737; Fri, 20 Aug 1999 13:45:13 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from localhost (egneves@localhost)
	by acd.ufrj.br (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id OAA34670
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 20 Aug 1999 14:36:01 -0300
Date: Fri, 20 Aug 1999 14:35:57 -0300 (GRNLNDST)
From: elizabeth gerardo neves <egneves@acd.ufrj.br>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Looking for Siderastrea
Message-Id: <Pine.A41.3.96.990820133959.39178D-100000@acd.ufrj.br>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: elizabeth gerardo neves <egneves@acd.ufrj.br>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 509
Hi all,
I am a brazilian  PhD student at the University of Sao Paulo and my
project focus upon taxonomy and systematic of Siderastrea genus through a
morphological and molecular approach
It has been a uneasy task to get any information about Indo-Pacific
species. In a recent work, Riegl (1999) reported the occurrence of S.
savignyana to Persian Gulf while Budd & Guzman (1994) found S. glynni in
the Bay of Panama, Eastern Pacific. The occurence of Siderastrea in
Pacific region is rare and the reference of S. glynni represents all
information that I have been able to find. My second problem is
to determine if S. savignyana represents the only species of Siderastrea
in Indian Ocean - once, I have anyother reference besides Riegl's work.
Have you ever heard about Siderastrea from Indo-Pacific? What about S.
savignyana and S. glynni? Could you provide me with any reference or
information on the reproductive biology and/or morphology of such species?
Any help will be very profitable to my studies!
I am looking forward to hearing from you soon,
Regards,
Elizabeth Neves
email: egneves@acd.ufrj.br
Universidade de Sao Paulo
Departamento de Zoologia
Instituto de Biociencias
Caixa Postal: 11461
CEP: 05422-970, Sao Paulo (SP)
Brazil
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug 20 19:35:01 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id TAA01226 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 20 Aug 1999 19:35:00 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA25057; Fri, 20 Aug 1999 19:41:57 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma025023; Fri, 20 Aug 99 19:41:29 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 20 Aug 1999 19:38:25 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id XAA62222; Fri, 20 Aug 1999 23:15:17 GMT
Received: from mail.caribe.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id TAA63180; Fri, 20 Aug 1999 19:15:05 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from default (ppp10.200dip.netdial.caribe.net [209.91.200.10])
	by mail.caribe.net (8.9.0/8.9.0) with ESMTP id TAA26866
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 20 Aug 1999 19:15:36 -0400 (AST)
Message-Id: <199908202315.TAA26866@mail.caribe.net>
From: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
To: "Coral-List" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: MFR IN CULEBRA!
Date: Fri, 20 Aug 1999 19:09:10 -0400
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Priority: 3
X-Mailer: Microsoft Internet Mail 4.70.1155
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 510
A positive announcement from Puerto Rico.
Today, in a signing ceremony on Culebra, Puerto Rico established its first
official Marine Fishery Reserve Area. It's our understanding that the
legislation signed today creates an actual "no take zone."
Special thanks to the following:
Culebra Fishermen's Association, who originally proposed this reserve in
1980 and whose progressive attitude may serve as an example for other
commercial fishermen interested in fish for tomorrow.
Dr. Vance Vicente who helped the Association develop the proposal and
worked for many years on community education in Culebra.
Dr. Edwin Hernandez and his team of researchers from the University of
Puerto Rico who provided the data needed to support the establishment of
the reserve and to monitor the progress of this "no take zone" over time.
Edwin also works hard on community education.
The Municipal Government of Culebra for recognizing the need and potential
benefits of the MFR.
The Department of Natural and Environmental Resources for taking a very
positive step in the right direction toward coral reef conservation.
Thanks and Congratulations to all......
Mary Ann Lucking
Project Coordinator
CORALations
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Aug 23 23:50:30 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id XAA25253 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 23 Aug 1999 23:50:30 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id XAA19490; Mon, 23 Aug 1999 23:57:30 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma019471; Mon, 23 Aug 99 23:56:49 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 23 Aug 1999 23:52:36 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id DAA86305; Tue, 24 Aug 1999 03:20:40 GMT
Received: from mail.caribe.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id XAA86915; Mon, 23 Aug 1999 23:20:34 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from default (ppp37.197dip.netdial.caribe.net [209.91.197.37])
	by mail.caribe.net (8.9.0/8.9.0) with ESMTP id XAA06331
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 23 Aug 1999 23:21:15 -0400 (AST)
Message-Id: <199908240321.XAA06331@mail.caribe.net>
From: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
To: "Coral-List" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Fw: National Nutrient Campaign
Date: Mon, 23 Aug 1999 23:15:03 -0400
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Priority: 3
X-Mailer: Microsoft Internet Mail 4.70.1155
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from Quoted-Printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id XAA25253
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 511
> From: Ami Grace <cleanwaternt@igc.org>
> To: cleanwater-info@igc.org
> Subject: National Nutrient Campaign
> Date: Monday, August 23, 1999 8:54 AM
>
> EPA to Establish Regional Nutrient Criteria for State Water Quality
> Standards -- They Need Your Input!
>
> The Presidents 1998 Clean Water Action Plan calls for EPA to establish
> nutrient criteria that reflect the different types of water bodies and
> different ecoregions of the country and to assist States and Tribes in
> adopting numeric water quality standards based on these criteria.  This
> initiative was sparked by the 1996 National Water Quality Inventory
> Report to Congress which cited nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) as
> one of the leading causes of water quality impairment in our Nation's
> rivers, lakes and estuaries. In fact, the report found 40% of rivers,
> 51% of surveyed lakes, and 57% of surveyed estuaries were impaired due
> to nutrients.
>
> No matter what your issue is, no matter where you are, nutrients are
> most likely contributing to water quality problems in your area.  As
> many of you know, nutrients are one water quality problem that all Clean
>
> Water Network workgroups and activists must deal with across the board.
> Excess nutrients impair coastal waters, inland waters, rivers, streams,
> lakes, and wetlands.  They are a major source of water quality problems
> and have contributed significantly to the hypoxic zone in the Gulf of
> Mexico known as the Dead Zone.
>
> There are no national guidelines to address nutrients.  In June, 1998,
> EPA developed a national nutrient strategy which calls on EPA to develop
>
> waterbody-type technical guidance documents, establish National Nutrient
>
> Teams with Regional Nutrient Coordinators, and monitor the effectiveness
>
> of nutrient management programs as they are implemented.
>
> What You Can Do
> The Clean Water Network is starting a national nutrient campaign to work
>
> with CWN members and EPA to produce strong criteria on this important
> issue.  We are going to put folks in the same EPA region in contact with
>
> each other and with the Regional Nutrient Coordinator in their region so
>
> that together we can produce acceptable nutrient criteria to ensure
> clean waters.  If you are interested in working on nutrient criteria
> with other CWN members, please contact the Clean Water Network at
> cleanwaternt@igc.org or (202) 289-2421 by August 27th.  The campaign
> needs to get its feet off the ground early so members in the various EPA
>
> regions can be involved early in the nutrient criteria process.
>
> Nutrients are the number one cause of water impairment.  Lets work
> together to create strong nutrient criteria and clean water!
>
>
> *********************************************************************
> This message was sent by the Clean Water Network.  If you would
> like to reply to this particular message, please make sure you
> send it to the appropriate contact. To send a message to the
> Clean Water Network listserve, please send an email message to
> cleanwaternt@igc.apc.org and indicate that you would like it posted
> to the Network listserver. We will try to respond or forward your
> message to an appropriate expert in a timely manner, but please be
> aware that we receive over 40 messages a day and so may take some
> time to get back with you.  If you need to contact us immediately,
> please feel free to phone:
> Kathy Nemsick           I       Ami Grace
> National Coordinator    I       Grassroots Advocacy Coordinator
> 202-289-2395            I       202-289-2421
> **********************************************************************
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Aug 24 17:01:13 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA00569 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 24 Aug 1999 17:01:12 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA19437; Tue, 24 Aug 1999 17:08:12 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma019423; Tue, 24 Aug 99 17:08:06 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 24 Aug 1999 16:19:51 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA91654; Tue, 24 Aug 1999 20:04:49 GMT
Received: from diablo.hchb.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA90549; Tue, 24 Aug 1999 16:04:37 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from hdq.noaa.gov ([140.90.150.222]) by diablo.hchb.noaa.gov
          (Netscape Messaging Server 3.62)  with ESMTP id 147
          for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>;
          Tue, 24 Aug 1999 15:54:49 -0400
Message-Id: <37C2F9A6.B8CB252A@hdq.noaa.gov>
Date: Tue, 24 Aug 1999 15:59:35 -0400
From: "Roger B Griffis" <Roger.B.Griffis@noaa.gov>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en] (Win95; U)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Coral list <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Meeting notice: U.S. Coral Reef Task Force
Content-Type: multipart/mixed;
 boundary="------------331FB3EFA75E3619F5A28041"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Roger B Griffis" <Roger.B.Griffis@hdq.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 512
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
--------------331FB3EFA75E3619F5A28041
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
MEETING NOTICE AND REGISTRATION
UNITED STATES CORAL REEF TASK FORCE
Date: August 12, 1999
TO: All Interested Parties
The next meeting of the U.S. Coral Reef Task Force, which President
Clinton established in E.O. 13089 on Coral Reef Protection, will be held
on November 2 and 3 in St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands, at the Tamarind
Reef Hotel. Secretary Babbitt and Secretary Daley plan to participate
and we look forward to representation and participation from government
and nongovernmental organizations.
A draft agenda for the meeting is enclosed. We expect that a symposium
on scientific issues will be held on November 1. Information on this
will be posted before the meeting, together with more detailed
information concerning the meeting agenda
and logistics.
Key items for review and potential adoption or endorsement at the
meeting are a National Action Plan for implementing responsibilities of
the Task Force; a coral reef enforcement protocol; a blueprint to assist
marine protected area managers in going
forward with the fundamentals needed for coral reef protection; a
mechanism for Coral Reef Task Force oversight of E.O. 13089
implementation; and principals and processes for addressing
unsustainable trade in coral reef species.  Public comment will be taken
at the meeting and for some time following the meeting on all topics and
proposals.
The Tamarind Reef Hotel is located at 5001 Tamarind Reef, Christiansted,
St. Croix, USVI, telephone 340-773-4445, fax 340-773-3989, reservations
800-619-0014. Other accomodations are also nearby.
Please contact Karen Koltes at the Interior Department (202-208-5345) or
Michael Crosby (301-713-9121) or Roger Griffis (202-482-5034) at NOAA if
you have questions about the meeting agenda. Jackie Ellis (202-208-4177)
will help if you have logistic or administrative questions. Please
complete and fax the enclosed registration form to Jackie Ellis at
202-219-0229.
We look forward to seeing you at the meeting!
Sincerely,
William Y. Brown Science Advisor to the Secretary of the Interior
United States Department of the Interior
Sally J. Yozell
Deputy Assistant Secretary for Oceans and Atmosphere
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
United States Department of Commerce
_________________
Enclosures
                                             8-12-99
                                          Draft Agenda
                            Third Meeting of the U.S. Coral Reef Task
Force
                                        November 2-3, 1999
                                     St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands
Tuesday, November 2
11:30 AM -- Working lunch (executive session for Task Force only)
1:00 PM -- Opening remarks from the Co-Chairs and Governors present
1:30 PM -- Task Force introduce themselves
1:35 PM -- Budget update for FY 2000 and FY 2001
1:45 PM -- Panel presentation and discussion of integrated Task Force
Action Plan
2:45 PM -- Presentation and discussion of specific actions and products,
including:
     Enforcement protocol
     Blueprint for protected area management
     Mechanism for oversight of the coral reef executive order
     Actions to address coral reef species trade
4:00 PM -- Public comment
5:00 PM -- Adjourn for the day
6:30 PM -- Reception and Dinner
Wednesday, November 3
9:00 AM -- Continue discussion and decide on the draft Task Force Action
Plan and the actions and products presented on
Tuesday
11:30 AM -- Co-Chairs summarize actions taken and next steps
12:00 PM -- Conclude meeting
12:15 PM -- Press Conference
                     - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
                     3RD MEETING OF U.S. CORAL REEF TASK FORCE
                                      Tamarind Reef Hotel
                               5001 Tamarind Reef, Christiansted
                                  St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands
                                      November 2-3, 1999
                               ATTENDEES REGISTRATION FORM
Name:
Name Tag Preference:
Title:
Organization:
Address:
City/State/Zip:
Telephone Number:
Fax Number:
Email Address:
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - -
PLEASE COMPLETE FORM AND FAX BACK TO JACKIE ELLIS AT 202-219-0229.
                                               ###
FOR MORE INFORMATION ON THE CORAL REEF TASK FORCE go to
http://CoralReef.gov/
--------------331FB3EFA75E3619F5A28041
Content-Type: text/x-vcard; charset=us-ascii;
 name="Roger.B.Griffis.vcf"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Description: Card for Roger B Griffis
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename="Roger.B.Griffis.vcf"
begin:vcard
n:Griffis;Roger
tel;pager:1-800-701-4837
tel;fax:202-501-3024
tel;work:202-482-5034
x-mozilla-html:FALSE
org:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration;U.S. Department of Commerce
version:2.1
email;internet:Roger.B.Griffis@hdq.noaa.gov
title:Office of Policy and Strategic Planning
adr;quoted-printable:;;14th and Constitution Ave NW=0D=0AHCHB Rm 6117;Washington;DC;20230;USA
fn:Roger B. Griffis
end:vcard
--------------331FB3EFA75E3619F5A28041--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Aug 24 18:33:42 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id SAA24394 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 24 Aug 1999 18:33:41 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA24758; Tue, 24 Aug 1999 18:38:36 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma024699; Tue, 24 Aug 99 18:37:34 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 24 Aug 1999 18:34:40 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id WAA93410; Tue, 24 Aug 1999 22:23:58 GMT
Received: from mail.ucsd.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id SAA80805; Tue, 24 Aug 1999 18:23:51 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from aqua.UCSD.EDU (aqua.ucsd.edu [132.239.112.5]) by mail.ucsd.edu; id PAA08291
	sendmail 8.8.8AS/UCSD8.3 via SMTP
	Tue, 24 Aug 1999 15:23:44 -0700 (PDT) for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from [132.239.112.213] (aqm-local-13.UCSD.EDU) by aqua.UCSD.EDU (4.1/UCSDGENERIC.5)
	id AA29695 to coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Tue, 24 Aug 99 15:17:49 PDT
X-Sender: fnosratp@aqua.ucsd.edu
Message-Id: <v02130500b3e8c9f6f6cd@[132.239.112.213]>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Date: Tue, 24 Aug 1999 15:23:45 -0700
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: fnosratp@ucsd.edu (Fernando Nosratpour)
Subject: coral spawning
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: fnosratp@ucsd.edu (Fernando Nosratpour)
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 513
Hello Everyone,
We had two coral (Acropora sp.) spawning events recently-on July 4 and 5,
1999 at the Birch Aquarium at Scripps.  The July 5 spawning was caught on
8mm video (10:30pm-1130pm).  You can see a small video clip on our web site
:  http://aquarium.ucsd.edu
          quick link to coral spawning and then to "caught on video"
Video transfer to computer loses resolution but you can still see sperm-egg
bundles.
Fernando
Fernando Nosratpour
Senior Aquarist
(619)534-4099
fnosratp@ucsd.edu
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Aug 25 07:00:56 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id HAA07326 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 25 Aug 1999 07:00:55 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA19564; Wed, 25 Aug 1999 07:05:49 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma019548; Wed, 25 Aug 99 07:05:24 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 25 Aug 1999 07:02:19 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id KAA92883; Wed, 25 Aug 1999 10:34:53 GMT
Message-Id: <199908251034.KAA92883@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: James Rolfe Guest <scip9051@nus.edu.sg>
To: "'coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov'" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Spawning Information
Date: Wed, 25 Aug 1999 13:39:56 +0800
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: James Rolfe Guest <scip9051@nus.edu.sg>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 514
Dear Coral-List,
I am starting a study of the sexual reproductive characteristics of local
coral reefs for my PhD at the National University of Singapore. Very
little is known about the timing, duration and environmental cues that
lead to spawning events on SE Asian reefs, yet this information is
critical to understanding the dynamics and rehabilitation/recruitment
potential of these often heavily impacted reef systems.
As background research for my project I am trying to compile information
(anecdotal or otherwise) relating to observations of coral spawning in SE
Asia, particularly Singapore, Indonesia, Malaysia or the Philippines.
The only published data that I have come across so far are from Taiwan and
the Philippines, so I am appealing to the coral-list for personal
observations, unpublished data or even unsubstantiated rumours relating to
past observations of coral spawning in these seas (even
negative-evidence!!!).
Any information would be gratefully received and can be sent to me by
e-mail. I will happily compile the information and submit (in a digested
form) to the coral-list at a later date.
Thank you in advance,
James Guest.
James. R. Guest
Reef Ecology Laboratory
Department of Biological Sciences
National University of Singapore
10 Kent Ridge Crescent
Singapore 119260
Tel: (65) 778-7112 (office)
       (65) 774-8873 (home)
Fax: (65) 779-6155 / 772-2486
E-mail: scip9051@nus.edu.sg / jrguest@hotmail.com
James. R. Guest
Reef Ecology Laboratory
Department of Biological Sciences
National University of Singapore
10 Kent Ridge Crescent
Singapore 119260
Tel: (65) 778-7112 (office)
       (65) 774-8873 (home)
Fax: (65) 779-6155 / 772-2486
E-mail: scip9051@nus.edu.sg / jrguest@hotmail.com
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Aug 25 12:50:34 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA15108 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 25 Aug 1999 12:50:33 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA18189; Wed, 25 Aug 1999 12:55:26 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma017962; Wed, 25 Aug 99 12:54:20 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 25 Aug 1999 11:35:14 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA99288; Wed, 25 Aug 1999 15:24:52 GMT
Received: from vxe.ocis.uncwil.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA99131; Wed, 25 Aug 1999 11:24:46 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from szmanta.bio.uncwil.edu by uncwil.edu (PMDF V5.1-12 #28112)
 with SMTP id <01JF6L79NWIOFFMI5N@uncwil.edu> for
 coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Wed, 25 Aug 1999 11:24:35 EDT
Date: Wed, 25 Aug 1999 11:12:55 -0400
From: "Alina M. Szmant" <szmanta@uncwil.edu>
Subject: Change of address
X-Sender: szmanta@pop.uncwil.edu
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Message-Id: <3.0.32.19990825111255.006e501c@pop.uncwil.edu>
MIME-version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0 (32)
Content-type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Alina M. Szmant" <szmanta@uncwil.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 515
I am now totally relocated to the University of North Carolina at
Wilmington.  My new contact information is listed in the signature below.
Alina Szmant
*******************************************************************
PRESENT ADDRESS:
Dr. Alina M. Szmant
Department of Biological Sciences
University of North Carolina at Wilmington
601 South College Road
Wilmington  NC  28403
tel:  (910)962-7574  fax:  (910)962-4066
email:  szmanta@uncwil.edu
******************************************************************
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Aug 25 12:50:35 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA15112 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 25 Aug 1999 12:50:33 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA18182; Wed, 25 Aug 1999 12:55:24 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma018027; Wed, 25 Aug 99 12:54:35 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 25 Aug 1999 11:37:32 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA98545; Wed, 25 Aug 1999 15:20:50 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA88768; Wed, 25 Aug 1999 11:20:40 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA08528; Wed, 25 Aug 1999 11:23:24 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma008496; Wed, 25 Aug 99 11:23:12 -0400
Received: from surf.blur (surf [172.16.100.3])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with ESMTP
	  id LAA19396 for <coral-list@coral>; Wed, 25 Aug 1999 11:18:16 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from localhost by surf.blur (8.8.8+Sun/SMI-SVR4)
	id LAA12375; Wed, 25 Aug 1999 11:18:16 -0400 (EDT)
Date: Wed, 25 Aug 1999 11:18:15 -0400 (EDT)
From: Jim Hendee <Jim.Hendee@noaa.gov>
X-Sender: hendee@surf
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: regional coral literature update
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.03.9908250643520.8979-100000@surf>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jim Hendee <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 516
Dear Coral-Listers,
I am extremely pleased to announce an update to our CHAMP online coral
reef literature abstracts page at,
	http://www.coral.noaa.gov/bib/lib-server.html
We now have a general coral reefs database, a Caribbean corals database,
and an American Samoa corals database.  We anticipate other regional
updates in the future.
The credit for all the hard work that went into the development of these
databases for online use by the coral community goes to,
  	Melissa Morris	Student Assistant to the CHAMP program,
			  	from Wellesley University
				(mmoriss2@wellesley.edu)
	Maria Bello	Assistant Librarian (bello@aoml.noaa.gov) and
	Linda Pikula	Librarian (pikula@aoml.noaa.gov)
Thank you so much, Ladies!
	Cheers,
	Jim Hendee
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Aug 25 17:37:56 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA03913 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 25 Aug 1999 17:37:55 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA19986; Wed, 25 Aug 1999 17:44:56 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma019966; Wed, 25 Aug 99 17:44:48 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 25 Aug 1999 13:46:39 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA99453; Wed, 25 Aug 1999 17:18:12 GMT
Received: from orbit34i.nesdis.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA97288; Wed, 25 Aug 1999 13:18:02 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from nesdis.noaa.gov (orbit124.wwb.noaa.gov [140.90.197.226]) by orbit34i.nesdis.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/950213.SGI.AUTOCF) via ESMTP id NAA18562 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 25 Aug 1999 13:17:52 -0400
Message-Id: <37C4256B.6CBB9E3E@nesdis.noaa.gov>
Date: Wed, 25 Aug 1999 13:18:35 -0400
From: Maggie Toscano <mtoscano@nesdis.noaa.gov>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.51 [en] (Win98; U)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Coral List <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: New NOAA HotSpot Features
Content-Type: multipart/mixed;
 boundary="------------F0BE255F28C5F3E42E85E917"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Maggie Toscano <mtoscano@nesdis.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status: A
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 517
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
--------------F0BE255F28C5F3E42E85E917
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Dear Coral Listers,
        NOAA's HotSpot web page:
http://psbsgi1.nesdis.noaa.gov:8080/PSB/EPS/SST/climohot.html
has two new features.   The first is a Degree Heating Weeks page with
thermal-stress accumulation maps of
1.) the SE US - Caribbean - Central America;
2.) the Western Hemisphere; and
3.) the Eastern Hemisphere.
The other new feature is a web-based form for submitting coral bleaching
reports.  The form grew out of the many reports received from around the
world during the past two years.
The reports you have generously submitted to NOAA, or posted to this
list, continue to confirm the HotSpot/bleaching connection.  The vast
majority of the submitted bleaching reports have since been posted on
the HotSpot web page as "Reports on HotSpots," and have greatly enhanced
the content and quality of the HotSpot page.
In an effort to obtain future and retrospective reports in quantitative
form for a bleaching database, we are requesting (via the form) more
detail in these reports, including dates, lats/lons, and any in situ
data that might have a bearing on bleaching.  We hope that by collecting
specific information, we can improve the present experimental HotSpot
products to include
1) a comprehensive database for bleaching events (past & future years);
2) interactive maps showing locations of bleaching events with links to
information from the database;
3) identification of individual, or combinations of, environmental
factors forcing bleaching, their threshold values, and the lead time
needed to cause a bleaching event;
4) greater predictive capability; and
5) increased resolution in targeted regions, and eventually worldwide.
During this relatively uneventful 1999 season, would you please review
the form and experiment with it by sending reports on pre-1999
bleaching events that you have already studied and recorded?  Please
also use this form to submit any new bleaching reports for the 1999
season.
Any comments on the content of the form are welcome. The form is not
meant to duplicate general reef monitoring information (e.g. REEFCHECK)
and may therefore appear incomplete to some.  We are only requesting
information that deals with the conditions leading to and maintaining
coral bleaching.
To those who find it very long or detailed, please submit any
information you may have, even if it is not enough to complete the
entire form.  Some information is better than none, and may reinforce
other submissions.
Please forward this message to any other interested individuals who are
not currently coral-list subscribers.
Thank you for your interest and input.
Sincerely,
Marguerite A. Toscano
Al Strong
Ingrid Guch
--------------F0BE255F28C5F3E42E85E917
Content-Type: text/x-vcard; charset=us-ascii;
 name="mtoscano.vcf"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Description: Card for Maggie Toscano
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename="mtoscano.vcf"
begin:vcard
n:Toscano, Ph.D.;Marguerite A.
tel;fax:(301) 763-8108
tel;work:(301) 763-8102, ext. 188
x-mozilla-html:FALSE
url:http://www.manati.wwb.noaa.gov
org:NOAA/NESDIS/ORA/ORAD;Oceanic Research and Applications Division
version:2.1
email;internet:mtoscano@nesdis.noaa.gov
title:NRC Research Associate
adr;quoted-printable:;;NOAA Science Center (WWB)=0D=0A5200 Auth Road  Rm 711;Camp Springs;MD;20746;
x-mozilla-cpt:;5904
fn:Marguerite A. Toscano, Ph.D.
end:vcard
--------------F0BE255F28C5F3E42E85E917--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Aug 25 17:45:11 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA05835 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 25 Aug 1999 17:45:10 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA20300; Wed, 25 Aug 1999 17:52:12 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma020269; Wed, 25 Aug 99 17:51:45 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 25 Aug 1999 16:53:24 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA01059; Wed, 25 Aug 1999 20:37:39 GMT
Received: from mail.rdc1.il.home.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@reef.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA90735; Wed, 25 Aug 1999 16:37:29 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from c27294-a ([24.6.203.73]) by mail.rdc1.il.home.com
          (InterMail v4.01.01.00 201-229-111) with SMTP
          id <19990825203718.TTLE8809.mail.rdc1.il.home.com@c27294-a>;
          Wed, 25 Aug 1999 13:37:18 -0700
Message-Id: <4.1.19990825151805.009ce7b0@mail>
X-Sender: oshad@mail
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 4.1
Date: Wed, 25 Aug 1999 15:37:52 -0500
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Osha Gray Davidson <osha@pobox.com>
Subject: NOAA funding
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="=====================_32143154==_.ALT"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Osha Gray Davidson <osha@pobox.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 518
--=====================_32143154==_.ALT
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Dear Listers,
        When the US Congress returns from recess soon, it will take up=
 funding
of NOAA's reef and marine sanctuary programs. At the risk of getting flamed=
 for
self-promotion, I'm going to reprint below an opinion piece I wrote on this
topic that appeared in the Miami Herald on 1 August. (It's not
self-promotion--it's sloth.) On 13 August, the Tampa [Florida] Tribune ran
their own editorial calling for full funding for NOAA. I'm including that
below, too. Please contact your representative (if American) to register=
 your
feelings on the issue. I should think that responses by non-American,
particularly scientists, would be helpful as well. Messages could be=
 addressed
to Olympia@snowe.senate.gov, a US Senator who is supporting NOAA funding.=
 Her
phone number is 202-224-5344.
Cheers,
Osha
Don=92t Shortchange NOAA
        In 1937, Rachel Carson wrote, =93Who has known the ocean? Neither=
 you nor
I. . .=94 More than 60 years later, we have learned a great deal about the=
 marine
world. Scientists have discovered deep sea vents, where bizarre tube worms
thrive on plumes of hot gasses. Taxonomists have found and cataloged a host=
 of
previously unknown life forms, from glowing microscopic whirl-a-gigs to=
 species
of fish that can change their sex several times a night.
        It=92s easy to imagine Carson the marine biologist giddily cheering=
 on
these new discoveries. One gets the queasy feeling, however, that that
clear-eyed skeptic might also point out that ignorance remains the defining
characteristic of our relationship with the ocean. Despite impressive gains,=
 we
still know more about outer space than about the waters that make up 99% of=
 the
planet=92s biosphere, or living space.
        Far worse than our ignorance is our rampant destruction of this
environment (a process that Carson, the author of Silent Spring, knew only=
 too
well). A burgeoning human population coupled with technological advances=
 have
degraded the oceans, far beyond anything Carson witnessed in her lifetime.
Everywhere you look beneath the waves, you see wounds, tears in the marine
biological fabric. Each year trawling nets reduce to rubble an area of=
 seabed
twice the size of the continental United States=96 the marine equivalent of
forestry=92s clear-cutting. Nitrogen pours into the ocean from farm fields=
 and
hog lots, and from sewage plants and septic tanks, stimulating huge algae
blooms that smoother coral reefs and kill fish by the thousands, and=
 creating
huge oxygen-depleted =93dead-zones.=94 Over-fishing by the desperate poor,=
 and by
the greedy for the affluent, decimate fish stocks around the world. New
diseases emerge from our once pristine waters with alarming regularity,
threatening to drive some species into the black hole of extinction.
        But if threats to coastal waters abound, so do efforts to protect
marine
habitats.
        When we think of organizations working to preserve the oceans, the
usual
suspects come to mind: Reef Relief, the Center For Marine Conservation,
Greenpeace, the Nature Conservancy, the Sierra Club. Commendable groups,=
 all.
But the primary responsibility for safeguarding the oceans falls=96 as it=
 should=96
to the alphabet soup of government agencies that most people rarely hear=
 about,
organizations such as the Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). The latter is charged with a
unique responsibility in protecting coastal waters including the most
biodiverse and productive ecosystems of the marine world: coral reefs,
sometimes called =93the rainforests of the sea.=94
        The US Senate apparently understands that a fully-funded NOAA is one=
 of
the best investments in our nation=92s aquatic future. On July 22, the=
 Senate
passed a bill appropriating $2.5 billion for NOAA=96 a nearly 15% increase=
 over
last years=92 funding. In a display of bi-partisanship that was as pleasing=
 as it
was rare, specific coral reef initiatives were advanced by Senator=92s=
 Daniel
Inouye (D-HI) and Olympia Snowe (R-ME). Florida=92s Senator Connie Mack (R)=
 also
insured that the National Coral Reef Institute in Ft. Lauderdale would=
 continue
to receive NOAA funding, to the tune of $1 million annually.
        The Senate bill isn=92t perfect. For example, the Clinton=
 Administration
had requested $10 million in new funds to be spent annually on reef=
 assessment,
monitoring and restoration. The Senate at first axed this important measure,
but, at Senator Inouye=92s urging, finally allocated $6 million for the job.=
 And
while NOAA requested $29 million to support and expand its Marine=
 Sanctuaries
program, the Senate appropriated just $18 million for this vitally important
undertaking. (To get an idea of just how inadequate current funding is,
consider that the New England Aquarium recently spent 50% more on an exhibit
about the Stellwagen Bank, off the coast of Massachusetts, than NOAA spent=
 last
year to manage the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary.)
        Still, the Senate=92s action overall is positive, representing a=
 high
watermark (forgive the pun) for this session. And it will likely be followed=
 by
even more =93marine friendly=94 measures. Senator Snowe has introduced a=
 bill
providing community-based coral conservation programs $4 million in annual
federal matching funds. She=92s also backing a separate measure to fund=
 marine
sanctuaries at a rate even higher than that requested by NOAA. And Senator
Inouye is pressing forward with his own bill, authorizing $20 million a year
earmarked for coral reef protection.
        But there is a stinging jellyfish in the ointment.
        The US House of Representatives seems inexplicably intent on denying
NOAA the funds it needs to do its job. The House, with the blessing of
Appropriations Chair Bill Young (R-FL),  has introduced it=92s own NOAA=
 bill, and
that measure provides a whopping 25% less in funds than the Senate version.=
 If
the House prevails, it will be a case of penny-wise, pound-foolishness at=
 its
very worst. The consequences for coral reefs, and for many other coastal
ecosystems protected by NOAA, would be devastating.
        Perhaps the House=92s short-sightedness isn=92t so baffling. Program=
s
run by
=93faceless bureaucrats=94 make tempting targets when budget-cutters=
 unsheathe
their knives. But House members would do well to remember that not all
defenders of the natural world are found in activist groups.
        Take, for example, the marine biologist who worked for the FWS for
nearly two decades. A faceless bureaucrat she may have been, but the
contributions made by Rachel Carson are priceless=96and so is the work of=
 her
philosophical descendants at NOAA.
Tampa editorial
NOAA deserves serious budget help
        The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration is one of the=
 key
agencies charged with safekeeping the nation's ocean waters. Its role is
particularly important in Florida, virtually surrounded by the sea.
NOAA helps determine the status of fisheries, measures the extent of=
 pollution
and performs many other tasks that help maintain the health of marine life.=
 Of
particular note, NOAA is working to rescue the ailing Florida Keys, which=
 have
been badly damaged by water pollution and the other effects of years of
overdevelopment.
        But this agency, which has been free of scandal and performs a=
 useful
role for taxpayers, is under attack. A House bill would cut its budget by 10
percent, crippling its ability to do the research necessary to protect the
nation's coastal waters.
        NOAA is by no means lavishly funded. Osha Gray Davidson, University=
 of
Iowa professor and author of ``The Enchanted Braid: Coming to Terms with=
 Nature
on the Coral Reef, gave an account of NOAA's plight in The Miami Herald that
pointed out ``the New England Aquarium recently spent 50 percent more on an
exhibit about the Stellwagen Bank off the coast of Massachusetts, than NOAA
spent last year to manage the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary.''
        The Senate, to its credit, would adequately fund NOAA, appropriating
$2.5 billion, an almost 15 percent increase. Sen. Connie Mack made sure the
National Coral Reef Institute in Fort Lauderdale would receive NOAA funding=
 of
$1 million a year. Another provision would provide $4 million in federal
matching funds that would go toward community-based coral reef conservation
programs.
        The House, on the other hand, simply turned its back on the nation's
coral reefs and marine resources. Appropriations chair Bill Young of St.
Petersburg has a fine record in fighting offshore drilling for oil and other
threats to the state's coast. Surely he cannot approve of this little-noted
attempt to undermine an agency so important to marine research and resource
protection. Representatives from Florida, of all people, should understand=
 the
value of NOAA and rally to its support.
[END]
Osha Gray Davidson
Adjunct Assistant Professor
International Programs, University of Iowa
14 S. Governor St.
Iowa City, IA 52240
Phone: 319-338-4778
http://members.home.net/oshad/books.htm
--=====================_32143154==_.ALT
Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<html>
Dear Listers,<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>When the
US Congress returns from recess soon, it will take up funding of NOAA's
reef and marine sanctuary programs. At the risk of getting flamed for
self-promotion, I'm going to reprint below an opinion piece I wrote on
this topic that appeared in the Miami Herald on 1 August. (It's not
self-promotion--it's sloth.) On 13 August, the Tampa [Florida] Tribune
ran their own editorial calling for full funding for NOAA. I'm including
that below, too. Please contact your representative (if American) to
register your feelings on the issue. I should think that responses by
non-American, particularly scientists, would be helpful as well. Messages
could be addressed to Olympia@snowe.senate.gov, a US Senator who is
supporting NOAA funding. Her phone number is 202-224-5344.<br>
<br>
Cheers,<br>
Osha<br>
<br>
Don=92t Shortchange NOAA<br>
<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>In 1937,
Rachel Carson wrote, =93Who has known the ocean? Neither you nor I. . .=94
More than 60 years later, we have learned a great deal about the marine
world. Scientists have discovered deep sea vents, where bizarre tube
worms thrive on plumes of hot gasses. Taxonomists have found and
cataloged a host of previously unknown life forms, from glowing
microscopic whirl-a-gigs to species of fish that can change their sex
several times a night.<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>It=92s easy
to imagine Carson the marine biologist giddily cheering on these new
discoveries. One gets the queasy feeling, however, that that clear-eyed
skeptic might also point out that ignorance remains the defining
characteristic of our relationship with the ocean. Despite impressive
gains, we still know more about outer space than about the waters that
make up 99% of the planet=92s biosphere, or living space.<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>Far worse
than our ignorance is our rampant destruction of this environment (a
process that Carson, the author of Silent Spring, knew only too well). A
burgeoning human population coupled with technological advances have
degraded the oceans, far beyond anything Carson witnessed in her
lifetime. Everywhere you look beneath the waves, you see wounds, tears in
the marine biological fabric. Each year trawling nets reduce to rubble an
area of seabed twice the size of the continental United States=96 the
marine equivalent of forestry=92s clear-cutting. Nitrogen pours into the
ocean from farm fields and hog lots, and from sewage plants and septic
tanks, stimulating huge algae blooms that smoother coral reefs and kill
fish by the thousands, and creating huge oxygen-depleted =93dead-zones.=94
Over-fishing by the desperate poor, and by the greedy for the affluent,
decimate fish stocks around the world. New diseases emerge from our once
pristine waters with alarming regularity, threatening to drive some
species into the black hole of extinction.<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>But if
threats to coastal waters abound, so do efforts to protect marine
habitats.<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>When we
think of organizations working to preserve the oceans, the usual suspects
come to mind: Reef Relief, the Center For Marine Conservation,
Greenpeace, the Nature Conservancy, the Sierra Club. Commendable groups,
all. But the primary responsibility for safeguarding the oceans falls=96 as
it should=96 to the alphabet soup of government agencies that most people
rarely hear about, organizations such as the Fish and Wildlife Service
(FWS) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). The
latter is charged with a unique responsibility in protecting coastal
waters including the most biodiverse and productive ecosystems of the
marine world: coral reefs, sometimes called =93the rainforests of the
sea.=94<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>The US
Senate apparently understands that a fully-funded NOAA is one of the best
investments in our nation=92s aquatic future. On July 22, the Senate passed
a bill appropriating $2.5 billion for NOAA=96 a nearly 15% increase over
last years=92 funding. In a display of bi-partisanship that was as pleasing
as it was rare, specific coral reef initiatives were advanced by
Senator=92s Daniel Inouye (D-HI) and Olympia Snowe (R-ME). Florida=92s
Senator Connie Mack (R) also insured that the National Coral Reef
Institute in Ft. Lauderdale would continue to receive NOAA funding, to
the tune of $1 million annually.<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>The Senate
bill isn=92t perfect. For example, the Clinton Administration had requested
$10 million in new funds to be spent annually on reef assessment,
monitoring and restoration. The Senate at first axed this important
measure, but, at Senator Inouye=92s urging, finally allocated $6 million
for the job. And while NOAA requested $29 million to support and expand
its Marine Sanctuaries program, the Senate appropriated just $18 million
for this vitally important undertaking. (To get an idea of just how
inadequate current funding is, consider that the New England Aquarium
recently spent 50% more on an exhibit about the Stellwagen Bank, off the
coast of Massachusetts, than NOAA spent last year to manage the
Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary.)<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>Still, the
Senate=92s action overall is positive, representing a high watermark
(forgive the pun) for this session. And it will likely be followed by
even more =93marine friendly=94 measures. Senator Snowe has introduced a bil=
l
providing community-based coral conservation programs $4 million in
annual federal matching funds. She=92s also backing a separate measure to
fund marine sanctuaries at a rate even higher than that requested by
NOAA. And Senator Inouye is pressing forward with his own bill,
authorizing $20 million a year earmarked for coral reef protection.<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>But there
is a stinging jellyfish in the ointment.<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>The US
House of Representatives seems inexplicably intent on denying NOAA the
funds it needs to do its job. The House, with the blessing of
Appropriations Chair Bill Young (R-FL),&nbsp; has introduced it=92s own
NOAA bill, and that measure provides a whopping 25% less in funds than
the Senate version. If the House prevails, it will be a case of
penny-wise, pound-foolishness at its very worst. The consequences for
coral reefs, and for many other coastal ecosystems protected by NOAA,
would be devastating.<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>Perhaps
the House=92s short-sightedness isn=92t so baffling. Programs run by
=93faceless bureaucrats=94 make tempting targets when budget-cutters
unsheathe their knives. But House members would do well to remember that
not all defenders of the natural world are found in activist=20
groups.<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>Take, for
example, the marine biologist who worked for the FWS for nearly two
decades. A faceless bureaucrat she may have been, but the contributions
made by Rachel Carson are priceless=96and so is the work of her
philosophical descendants at NOAA.<br>
<br>
<br>
Tampa editorial<br>
NOAA deserves serious budget help<br>
<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>The
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration is one of the key
agencies charged with safekeeping the nation's ocean waters. Its role is
particularly important in Florida, virtually surrounded by the sea.<br>
NOAA helps determine the status of fisheries, measures the extent of
pollution and performs many other tasks that help maintain the health of
marine life. Of particular note, NOAA is working to rescue the ailing
Florida Keys, which have been badly damaged by water pollution and the
other effects of years of overdevelopment.<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>But this
agency, which has been free of scandal and performs a useful role for
taxpayers, is under attack. A House bill would cut its budget by 10
percent, crippling its ability to do the research necessary to protect
the nation's coastal waters.<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>NOAA is by
no means lavishly funded. Osha Gray Davidson, University of Iowa
professor and author of ``The Enchanted Braid: Coming to Terms with
Nature on the Coral Reef, gave an account of NOAA's plight in The Miami
Herald that pointed out ``the New England Aquarium recently spent 50
percent more on an exhibit about the Stellwagen Bank off the coast of
Massachusetts, than NOAA spent last year to manage the Stellwagen Bank
National Marine Sanctuary.''<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>The
Senate, to its credit, would adequately fund NOAA, appropriating $2.5
billion, an almost 15 percent increase. Sen. Connie Mack made sure the
National Coral Reef Institute in Fort Lauderdale would receive NOAA
funding of $1 million a year. Another provision would provide $4 million
in federal matching funds that would go toward community-based coral reef
conservation programs.<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>The House,
on the other hand, simply turned its back on the nation's coral reefs and
marine resources. Appropriations chair Bill Young of St. Petersburg has a
fine record in fighting offshore drilling for oil and other threats to
the state's coast. Surely he cannot approve of this little-noted attempt
to undermine an agency so important to marine research and resource
protection. Representatives from Florida, of all people, should
understand the value of NOAA and rally to its support.<br>
[END]<br>
<br>
<br>
<div>Osha Gray Davidson</div>
<div>Adjunct Assistant Professor</div>
<div>International Programs, University of Iowa</div>
<br>
<div>14 S. Governor St.</div>
<div>Iowa City, IA 52240</div>
<div>Phone: 319-338-4778</div>
<div><a href=3D"http://members.home.net/oshad/books.htm"=
 EUDORA=3DAUTOURL>http://members.home.net/oshad/books.htm</a></div>
<br>
</html>
--=====================_32143154==_.ALT--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Aug 26 12:46:25 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA08029 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 26 Aug 1999 12:46:24 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA13617; Thu, 26 Aug 1999 12:53:26 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma013517; Thu, 26 Aug 99 12:52:51 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 26 Aug 1999 11:55:47 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA04962; Thu, 26 Aug 1999 15:29:48 GMT
Received: from mail.rdc1.il.home.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@reef.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA08060; Thu, 26 Aug 1999 11:29:41 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from c27294-a ([24.6.203.73]) by mail.rdc1.il.home.com
          (InterMail v4.01.01.00 201-229-111) with SMTP
          id <19990826152931.XUYN8809.mail.rdc1.il.home.com@c27294-a>
          for <coral-list@reef.aoml.noaa.gov>;
          Thu, 26 Aug 1999 08:29:31 -0700
Message-Id: <4.1.19990826101137.009cef10@mail>
X-Sender: oshad@mail
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 4.1
Date: Thu, 26 Aug 1999 10:30:06 -0500
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Osha Gray Davidson <osha@pobox.com>
Subject: NOAA funding
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Osha Gray Davidson <osha@pobox.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 519
Dear fellow coral-listers,
About support for funding NOAA's coral and marine sanctuary projects: It's
been brought to my attention that while contacting Senator Olympia Snowe is
fine, there are Congresspeople with more control over the budget who should
be contacted first. These are:
Controllers of the purse-strings in the Senate:
Senator Ted Stevens of Alaska, Chair of Appropriations Committee.
Senator Robert Byrd of West Virginia, Ranking Member of Appropriations
Committee.
Senator Judd Gregg of New Hampshire, Chair of the Commerce, Justice, State
Subcommittee (includes NOAA).
Senator Fritz Hollings of South Carolina, Ranking Member of the Commerce,
Justice, State Subcommittee.
Controllers of the purse-strings in the House:
Rep. Bill Young of Florida, Chair of Appropriations Committee.
Rep. David Obey of Wisconsin, Ranking Member of Appropriations Committee.
Rep. Harold Rogers of Kentucky, Chair of the Commerce, Justice, State
Subcommittee.
Rep. Alan Mollohan of West Virginia, Ranking Member of the Commerce,
Justice, State Subcommittee.
Contact information for these members can be found at:
www.senate.gov
www.house.gov
It's hard to imagine that in an era of a budget surplus, the US House would
 make deep cuts in programs vital to the health of reefs and other coastal
ecoystems--but that's exactly what's going to happen if people,
particularly scientists with expertise in these areas, don't make some
noise about this.
Thanks,
Osha
Osha Gray Davidson
Adjunct Assistant Professor
International Programs, University of Iowa
14 S. Governor St.
Iowa City, IA 52240
Phone: 319-338-4778
http://members.home.net/oshad/books.htm
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Aug 26 12:48:28 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA08599 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 26 Aug 1999 12:48:27 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA13774; Thu, 26 Aug 1999 12:55:30 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma013683; Thu, 26 Aug 99 12:54:28 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 26 Aug 1999 11:58:34 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA08604; Thu, 26 Aug 1999 15:47:40 GMT
Received: from smtp01.worldbank.org by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <Coral-List@Coral.Aoml.Noaa.Gov> id LAA08707; Thu, 26 Aug 1999 11:47:34 -0400 (EDT)
From: Mhatziolos@worldbank.org
Received: from WBLN0014.worldbank.org ([138.220.29.7])
 by worldbank.org (PMDF V5.1-8 #16195)
 with SMTP id <01JF808NZAPI90NM2M@worldbank.org> for
 Coral-List@Coral.Aoml.Noaa.Gov; Thu, 26 Aug 1999 11:45:38 EDT
Received: by WBLN0014.worldbank.org(Lotus SMTP MTA v4.6.3  (733.2 10-16-1998))
 id 852567D9.00562B42 ; Thu, 26 Aug 1999 11:41:11 -0400
Date: Thu, 26 Aug 1999 18:38:58 +0300
Subject: Support for NOAA Funding
To: Coral-List@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Message-Id: <852567D9.0056271E.00@WBLN0014.worldbank.org>
MIME-version: 1.0
Content-type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-disposition: inline
X-Lotus-FromDomain: WORLDBANK
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Mhatziolos@worldbank.org
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 520
Dear Coral Listers,
At the urging of Osha Davidson, I am copying the note I recently sent to Senator
Snowe seeking her contiuned support for NOAA funding, in the hopes that others
would follow suite.
Regards,
Marea Hatziolos
---------------------- Forwarded by Marea Eleni Hatziolos/Person/World Bank on
08/26/99 06:37 PM ---------------------------
Marea Eleni Hatziolos
08/26/99 11:16 AM
Phone: 545+213        ENV
To:   Olympia@Snowe.Senate.Gov
cc:
Subject:  Your support for NOAA funding
Dear Senator Snowe,
I would like to express my deep appreciation for your efforts to support the
vital work of NOAA in safeguarding America's coastal and marine environments.
It would, indeed, be a trajedy if the wealthiest country in the world allowed
its extraodinary natural endowments in the marine realm to fall prey to
shortsighted budget cuts and political expediency.  This at a time when we are
encouraging many poor nations, under our foreign aid and other programs, to put
environmental protection on an equal footing with economic growth.
As an American who has dedicated her professional life to helping the poorer
countries of the world address their marine resource management concerns, I find
it disheartening to see the erosion of our own programs for conservation and
management in this country, as we fail to make the same politically difficult
decisions that we prescribe to our less well-off neighbors and clients.
I hope that you will continue the fight in Congress to provide the necessary
support to NOAA and other agencies charged with protecting the marine
environment so that we can provide a model to the world of effective marine
conservation and preserve its benefits for the enjoyment of our own
children--and theirs--for generations to come.
Sincerely,
Marea E. Hatziolos, PhD
Senior Coastal and Marine Resources Specialist
Environment Department
The World Bank
1818 H St., N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20433
e-mail:  Mhatziolos@worldbank.org
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
Marea E. Hatziolos
Senior Coastal and Marine Resources Specialist
Environment Department
c/o The World Bank Resident Mission, Sofia
36, Dragan Tzankov Blvd.
1057 Sofia, Bulgaria
Tel:  (359-2) 918-141, ext. 235
 Fax: (359-2) 971-2045
 e-mail:  Mhatziolos@worldbank.org
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Aug 26 21:46:13 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id VAA02821 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 26 Aug 1999 21:46:12 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA19330; Thu, 26 Aug 1999 21:53:17 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma019314; Thu, 26 Aug 99 21:53:05 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 26 Aug 1999 21:50:04 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id BAA11898; Fri, 27 Aug 1999 01:40:03 GMT
Received: from imc01.ex.nus.edu.sg by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id VAA11979; Thu, 26 Aug 1999 21:39:55 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by imc01.ex.nus.edu.sg with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
	id <RRMYAGVM>; Fri, 27 Aug 1999 09:41:35 +0800
Message-Id: <4B0D7BF452B9D011899D0020AFFBEE6101E6B156@exs03.ex.nus.edu.sg>
From: "Goh Pi Lee,Beverly" <tmsgohb@nus.edu.sg>
To: "'coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov'" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Asia-Pacific Congress on the Biology of the Environment
Date: Fri, 27 Aug 1999 09:41:30 +0800
MIME-Version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="ISO-8859-1"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Goh Pi Lee,Beverly" <tmsgohb@nus.edu.sg>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 521
International Asia-Pacific Congress on
The Biology of the Environment
	website: 	http://www.sci-ctr.edu.sg/sciorg/sibio/index.htm
21-24 November, 1999
National University of Singapore
Congress Announcement and Final Call for Papers
We invite you to participate in this Congress.
This is a FINAL call for oral and poster presentations.
All abstracts must be submitted postmarked 15th October 1999,
accompanied by the Congress Registration Form and Registration Fee to ensure
its publication.
At this point of time, we have seven confirmed plenary speakers:
Prof Walter Erdelen (Germany), Prof Anthony Cheshire (Australia), Prof Lam
Toong Jin (Singapore), Assoc. Prof Peter K.L. Ng (Singapore), Prof Eric
Pianka (USA), Dr Ettore Randi (Italy),
Prof Clifford Smith (USA)
We invite you to register now to participate in this International Congress.
Organised by
The Singapore Institute of Biology
National University of Singapore (Department of Biological Sciences)
Nanyang Technological University (School of Science)
Tropical Marine Science Institute (NUS)
National Parks Board
Singapore National Academy of Science
Congress Secretariat:
				Assoc Prof Shirley S.L. Lim
				Hon. Secretary
				c/o School of Science
				Nanyang Technological University
				NIE, 469 Bukit Timah Road
				Singapore 259756
				Tel:	(65)460-5321
				Fax:	(65)460-8952
				E-mail:	slim@nie.edu.sg
TOPICS FOR SCIENTIFIC SESSIONS
Habitat restoration
Conservation/preservation of habitat
Biodiversity
Endangered species
Species interactions
Environmental molecular biology
Environmental modelling
Delegates who wish to organise a workshop are welcome to do so.  All
proposals must be sent to the Hon. Secretary.  Workshop convenors may also
wish to publicise their workshop programme to their colleagues.  The
Congress Organising Committee will assist in arrangements for rooms and
other logistical requirements.  All such requests must be received before
1st Oct 1999.
ATTEND THE CONGRESS AND BE PART OF THE MILLENNIAMANIA
CELEBRATIONS
In conjunction with the Millenniamania campaign celebrations organised by
the Singapore Tourist Promotion Board, every visitor to Singapore during the
period from June 1999 to August 2000, will stand a chance to win a return
vacation to Singapore through a daily lucky draw.  Visitors will also stand
a chance to win the Grand Draw prize of a free luxury return holiday for
himself and 20 of his guests.
Scientific Programme
21 Nov 1999	0900-1700	Registration
(Sunday)		Venue: Lecture Theatre 31
		National University of Singapore
	1730-1900	Social mixer
		Guild House, National University of Singapore
		Function Room - Evans 1
22 Nov 1999	0800-0900	Registration
(Monday)
	0900-0940	Opening Ceremony
		Welcome Addresses
		Speech by Guest-of-Honour
		Lecture Theatre 31
		National University of Singapore
	0940-1000	Tea Reception
	1000-1040	Plenary Lecture I(A)
				The role of phylogeny in ecology
				Prof Eric Pianka
				Section of Integrative Biology
				University of Texas, Austin
				USA
	1040-1240	Scientific Session(s) I(a)
	1240-1400	Lunch
	1400-1440	Plenary Lecture I(B)
				Why the heck do you need a taxonomist?
				Assoc. Prof Peter K.L. Ng
				Department of Biological Sciences
				National University of Singapore
	1440-1540	Scientific Session(s) I(b)
	1540-1600	Tea Break
	1600-1800	Scientific Session(s) I(c)
23 Nov 1999	0830-0910	Plenary Lecture II(A)
(Tuesday)	Marine fish larvae: endogenous deficiencies,
				exogenous compensations
				Prof Lam Toong Jin
				Department of Biological Sciences
				National University of Singapore
	0910-1010	Scientific Session(s) II(a)
	1010-1030	Tea Break
	1030-1110	Plenary Lecture II(B)
				Molecular genetics and the conservation of
biodiversity
				Dr Randi Ettore
				Department of Conservation Biology &
Conservation Genetics
				Iatituto Nazionale per la Fauna Selvatica,
Italy
	1110-1225	Scientific Session(s) II(b)
	1225-1330	Lunch
	1330-1410	Plenary Lecture II(C)
	Invasive species: The Hawaiian experience
				Prof Clifford Smith
				Department of Botany
				University of Hawaii, USA
	1410-1510	Scientific Session(s) II(c)
	1510-1530	Tea Break
	1530-1610	Plenary Lecture II(D)
				Biodiversity conservation in Indonesia:
				Challenge for a megadiversity
				Prof Walter Erdelen
				Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia
	1610-1710	Scientific Session(s) II(d)
				1900-2200	CONGRESS BANQUET-CUM-25th
ANNIVERSARY DINNER
				Awards Ceremony
24 Nov 1999	0830-0910	Plenary Lecture III(A)
(Wednesday)	The role of modelling in ecology
				Prof Anthony Cheshire
				School of Natural Sciences
				University of Adelaide, Australia
	0910-1011	Scientific Session(s) III(a)
	1010-1030	Tea Break
	1030-1245	Scientific Session(s) III(b)
	1245-1400	Lunch
	1400-1500	PANEL DISCUSSION
		by all keynote speakers
	1500-1520	Tea Break
	1520-1600	SIBiol Distinguished Biologist Lecture
	1600-1630	Closing Ceremony
CONGRESS REGISTRATION FORM
	website:	http://www.sci-ctr.edu.sg/sciorg/sibio/index.htm
ASIA-PACIFIC CONGRESS ONTHE BIOLOGY OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Date: 21-24 November 1999
Venue: National University of Singapore
A/P Shirley Lim
Hon Secretary, Congress Organising Committee
c/o School of Science, Nanyang Technological University
NIE, 469 Bukit Timah Road 			Fax : (65) 469-8952
Singapore 259756 				E-mail : slim@nie.edu.sg
(1)	I would like to participate in the Congress as follows (please
tick):
(       )	Attend the Congress
(       )	Present a paper at the Congress.
(       )	Present a poster at the Congress
(2)	My particulars are as follows:
Name: Prof/Dr/Mr/Mrs/Ms   _______________________________________________
						[Family/Last name]
[Given name(s)]
Affiliation:______________________________________________________________
Mailing Address:
  ______________________________________________________________________
  ______________________________________________________________________
E-mail:_______________________Tel:________________ Fax:___________________
Accompanying person(s)
Name: Prof/Dr/Mr/Ms   _______________________________________________
						[Family/Last name]
[Given name(s)]
(3)	I enclosed the following (please tick):
		(    ) Congress Registration Form
		(    ) Registration fees (bankdraft/international money
order in Singapore/U.S. dollars
	(    ) Hotel/Hostel Registration Form
Signature: _____________________________ Date: ____________________________
Secretariat use only:
Registration No: ______________________
Date Received: _______________________
 ABSTRACT SUBMISSION
You are invited to submit your abstract now.  The abstract must have a
title, name(s) of author(s) and complete address(es), and is no more than
250 words.  The abstract, must be sent in together with the registration
form, and registration fees before 31 October 1999.  We cannot ensure the
publication of your abstract if it is received after this date.  Oral
presentations will be allotted 12 minutes for talk and 3 minutes for
questions.  Authors will receive written confirmation by e-mail regarding
the scheduling of their presentations in late October.
Proceedings of the Congress will not be published.  However, all presenters
are encouraged to submit their full manuscripts for publication in our
Institute's journal, The Asian Journal of Tropical Biology.  Papers will be
accepted for publication in the journal subject to the normal review process
and policy of the journal.  Instructions to authors are enclosed.
REGISTRATION FEES & PAYMENT
Overseas participants			$250 (US$175)
Local participants
	Members			$150
	Non-members			$200
	Students (overseas)		$  72 (US$50)
	Students (local)		$  30
All registration fees must be paid in Singapore or US dollars by a
bankdraft/international money order drawn on a Singapore bank and made
payable to "Singapore Institute of Biology Environment Congress".  Personal
cheques are not acceptable from overseas participants.  The Congress
registration fee includes Welcome reception, coffee or tea during breaks,
Congress bag, official name badge, book of abstracts, final scientific
programme and other materials, and Congress Banquet.  Registration fees for
students do not cover the welcome reception or the banquet.
OFFICIAL LETTER OF INVITATION
Official letters of invitation which are intended to help overcome
administrative difficulties will be issued on request.  Such letters do not
imply commitment of financial or other support by the organising committee.
Please provide relevant information to assist with the preparation of the
letter of invitation.
SCIENTIFIC EXHIBITION
A trade exhibition will be held in conjunction with the Congress.
REQUEST FOR ASSISTANCE IN HOSTEL ACCOMMODATIONS
[Note: Do not return this Form if you wish to make your own arrangements for
accommodation.  Registrants who wish to make reservations at the University
Hostel must return this completed Form]
PLEASE TYPE OR PRINT LEGIBLY
Name: Prof/Dr/Mr/Mrs/Ms
Address:
Telephone: Office                                      	Fax:
E-mail
If sharing accommodation, please provide the full name of roommate:
HOSTEL                 	RATE	ARRIVAL DATE 	DEPARTURE DATE
Hostel Guest Room	S$50 (Single)	_______________	___________________
	NUS campus	$60 (Double)	_______________	___________________
University Hostel Room
	NUS campus	$16.50 (Single)	_______________	___________________
		$14.40 (Double)	_______________	___________________
Please note that there are only a limited number of Hostel Guest Rooms
available.  They will be allocated on a first-come-first-served basis.
UNIVERSITY HOSTEL REGISTRATIONS:  Please do not send payment for University
Hostel Reservations.  Your payment will be processed upon arrival.
Please complete and return the form to:
A/P Shirley Lim
Hon. Secretary, Congress Organising Committee
c/o School of Science
Nanyang Technological University		Tel:		(65)460-5321
NIE, 469 Bukit Timah Road Fax:		Fax:		(65)460-8952
Singapore 259756				E-mail:
slim@nie.edu.sg
HOTEL ACCOMMODATION
Below is a list of hotels that we have negotiated for conference rates.
Please contact them directly.  Registrants must identify themselves as
attending the Asia-Pacific Congress on the Biology of the Environment to
receive conference rates. .  In the case of YMCA (Stevens Road), please
mention that it is the corporate rate offered to the National Institute of
Education.  All prices are quoted in Singapore dollars.
HOTEL	RATE	TEL. #	FAX #	E-MAIL
Copthorne Orchid	$124 (Single)	(65)350-4419	(65)255-4494
roomres@orchidsing.com.sg
	214 Dunearn Road		(Ms Shin Mi-Yuen)
	Singapore 299526
Orchard Hotel	$140 (Single/Twin)	(65)739-6794	(65)739-6605
orcharde@singnet.com.sg
	442 Orchard Road		(Mr Keeson Tan)
	Singapore 238879
Orchard Parade Hotel	$126 (Single)	(65)731-7061	(65)235-9436
feohotel@pacific.net.sg
	1 Tanglin Road	$137 (Double)	(Mr Alex Tjio)
	Singapore 247905
YMCA (Stevens Road)	$70 (Single/Twin)	(65)731-0790	(65)235-5528
lodge@mymca.org.sg
	60, Stevens Road
	Singapore 257854
	(outside the Central Business District)
YMCA (Orchard Road)	$81.58 (Single)	(65)336-6000	(65)337-3140
hostel@ymca.org.sg
	1 Orchard Road	$95.17 (Double)
	Singapore 238824
	(inside the Central Business District)
York Hotel	$125 (Single/Twin)	(65)830-1108	(65)738-5810
salesmkg@yorkhotel.com.sg
21 Mount Elizabeth		(Ms Lynn Lim)
Singapore 228516
Tours and Field trips
The Congress Organising Committee has planned the following tours and field
trips.  Details are available in the final Scientific Programme and at the
Registration desk on your arrival.
Night Safari, at Singapore Zoological Gardens
The Night Safari is the world's first wildlife park built to be viewed at
night.  Set in 40 hectares of dense secondary forest, the Night Safari
offers guests the unique experience of exploring wildlife in a tropical
jungle at night.  Through the use of subtle lighting technique. Guests are
able to view over 1000 nocturnal animals of 100 species in vast naturalistic
habitats.
Sungei Buloh Nature Park & Aerogreen Technology Farm
This is Singapore's first wetland nature park, a 87 hectares refuge for
migratory birds that use the east Asia flyway.   Flocks of migrants like
plovers and sandpipers sometimes arrive at the park in thousands.  Visitors
can expect to see more than 187 species of birds, as well as monitor
lizards, and other wetland plants and animals.  Located across the park, is
Aerogreen Technology Farm, Singapore's first commercial aeroponics farm in
Asia.  Situated in the Agrotechnology Park, Aerogreen Farm is the only the
farm that uses aeroponics technology to grow food plants, including several
temperate vegetables.
Singapore River Cruise
The journey sets sail from Raffles Landing Site, where in January 28, 1819,
Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles set the wheel of Singapore's contemporary
history in motion when he stepped ashore on the northern bank of the
Singapore River.  It was his foresight that resulted in Singapore's
development, with the Singapore River as its lifeline.  Today, while
cruising the Singapore River, one will marvel at the extravagent contrast
between the richly-mellowed old architecture and striking skyscraper skyline
of modern Singapore rearing up behind them.  The cruise passes by not less
than five grand old bridges of diverse designs decorated with quaint old
lamps of a bygone era.
Singapore By Night
Enjoy dinner at Boat Quay, Singaporean's latest haunt at sunset.  After
dinner, enroute to our stop at Bugis Street where you can take in the
beautiful sight of the Central Business Street and Singapore's skyline by
night via Benjamin Sheares Bridge.  At Bugis street, you will stroll along
the night market or "pasar malam" where you may chance upon bargains you
have never imagined.  Then, a drive along the Esplanade for a glimpse of the
Merlion before stopping at the famous Raffles Hotel to sample Singapore's
very own "Singapore Sling"- as the saying goes: "If you have not been to
Raffles, you have not been to Singapore".
Congress Organising Committee
Chairman	Prof  CHOU Loke Ming
Vice-chairman	A/Prof TAN Teck Koon
Hon. Secretary	A/Prof Shirley S.L. LIM
Assistant Secretary 	A/Prof CHIA Tet Fatt
Hon. Treasurer	A/Prof YEOH Hock Hin
Assistant Treasurer	Asst Prof Wendell SUN
				Subcommittees
Chairperson:  A/Prof Mulkit SINGH (scientific and programme)
Asst Prof  N. SODHI (logistics)
A/Prof HO Shuit Hung (accommodations)
Ms FOONG Lai Leong (social)
Ms Jennifer TAN (trade exhibition)
Ms Adeline KOH (conference materials)
Dr. Beverly Goh
Tropical Marine Science Institute (TMSI)
National University of Singapore
14 Kent Ridge Road, SINGAPORE 119223
Tel: +65 774 9883 / 9658 / 9652
Fax: +65 774 9654      email: tmsgohb@nus.edu.sg
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug 27 03:47:08 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id DAA06321 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 27 Aug 1999 03:47:06 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id DAA27317; Fri, 27 Aug 1999 03:52:02 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma027300; Fri, 27 Aug 99 03:51:02 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 27 Aug 1999 03:48:05 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id HAA10441; Fri, 27 Aug 1999 07:30:18 GMT
Received: from nw128.netaddress.usa.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id DAA13308; Fri, 27 Aug 1999 03:30:11 -0400 (EDT)
Received: (qmail 22060 invoked by uid 60001); 27 Aug 1999 07:30:02 -0000
Message-Id: <19990827073002.22059.qmail@nw128.netaddress.usa.net>
Received: from 204.68.24.28 by nw128 via web-mailer(M3.3.0.24) on Fri Aug 27 07:30:02 GMT 1999
Date: 27 Aug 99 01:30:02 MDT
From: h "d'Andign?" <hdandigne@usa.net>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: SST & Bleaching.
X-Mailer: USANET web-mailer (M3.3.0.24)
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: h "d'Andign?" <hdandigne@usa.net>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from Quoted-Printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id DAA06321
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 522
Dear Lister
    I am presently doing a research in la Runion Island (Indian ocean) about
the caracterisation of significant SST anomalies as a cause for coral
bleaching.
    More specifically, I am looking for in situ temperature measurement and
reliable (comparable) observation of bleaching in the Indian ocean.
    I will appreciate any help and summarise the results.
    Thank In Advance.
    Herv ...
------------------------------------------
herv d'andign
hdandigne@usa.net
--------------------------------------------
____________________________________________________________________
Get free email and a permanent address at http://www.netaddress.com/?N=1
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug 27 16:07:45 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA25999 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 27 Aug 1999 16:07:44 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA23943; Fri, 27 Aug 1999 16:14:49 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma023876; Fri, 27 Aug 99 16:14:00 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 27 Aug 1999 16:00:10 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA18295; Fri, 27 Aug 1999 19:41:19 GMT
Received: from imo22.mx.aol.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id PAA06307; Fri, 27 Aug 1999 15:41:13 -0400 (EDT)
From: Oceanwatch@aol.com
Received: from Oceanwatch@aol.com
	by imo22.mx.aol.com (mail_out_v22.4.) id bNBBa06597 (4539)
	 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 27 Aug 1999 15:40:41 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <ad94d30e.24f843b9@aol.com>
Date: Fri, 27 Aug 1999 15:40:41 EDT
Subject: Shrimp Farm in Bonaire
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Mailer: AOL 4.0 for Windows 95 sub 214
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Oceanwatch@aol.com
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 523
Coral Listers
I recently heard about a shrimp aquaculture project on Bonaire.  Does anyone
know about this project, i.e., if any permits or controls were imposed that
might prevent the kind of physical damage or release of pollutants into the
coastal zone that are associated with shrimp farming?
thanks
Cliff McCreedy
>><((;>   ><((;>   ><((;>
Oceanwatch
2101 Wilson Boulevard
Suite 900
Arlington, VA  22201
phone 703-351-7444
fax 703-351-7472
e-mail:  Oceanwatch@aol.com
http://www.enviroweb.org/oceanwatch
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug 27 21:51:40 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id VAA14764 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 27 Aug 1999 21:51:39 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA06832; Fri, 27 Aug 1999 21:58:44 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma006816; Fri, 27 Aug 99 21:58:27 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 27 Aug 1999 21:55:24 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id BAA10702; Sat, 28 Aug 1999 01:33:33 GMT
Received: from out1.ibm.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id VAA18179; Fri, 27 Aug 1999 21:33:27 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from default (slip-32-96-211-6.cu.an.ibm.net [32.96.211.6])
	by out1.ibm.net (/) with SMTP id BAA38758
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 28 Aug 1999 01:33:15 GMT
From: "Gerard Geertjes" <geertjes@bonairenet.com>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Re: Shrimp Farm in Bonaire
Date: Fri, 27 Aug 1999 21:30:50 -0400
Message-Id: <01bef0f4$f66a4a40$bbd36020@default>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.71.1712.3
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.71.1712.3
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Gerard Geertjes" <geertjes@bonairenet.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 524
The effluent of the shrimp farm at Bonaire is directed straight into the
evaporation ponds of the Bonaire solar salt works. No pollutants are dumped
in the coastal zone.
Gerard J. Geertjes
Groningen University
Department of Marine Biology
Kaya Dorado 12, Bonaire
Netherlands Antilles
geertjes@bonairenet.com
phone: + 599 7 5879
fax: + 599 7 2595
-----Original Message-----
From: Oceanwatch@aol.com <Oceanwatch@aol.com>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Friday, August 27, 1999 4:57 PM
Subject: Shrimp Farm in Bonaire
>Coral Listers
>
>I recently heard about a shrimp aquaculture project on Bonaire.  Does
anyone
>know about this project, i.e., if any permits or controls were imposed that
>might prevent the kind of physical damage or release of pollutants into the
>coastal zone that are associated with shrimp farming?
>
>thanks
>Cliff McCreedy
>>><((;>   ><((;>   ><((;>
>Oceanwatch
>2101 Wilson Boulevard
>Suite 900
>Arlington, VA  22201
>phone 703-351-7444
>fax 703-351-7472
>e-mail:  Oceanwatch@aol.com
>http://www.enviroweb.org/oceanwatch
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Aug 28 18:55:46 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id SAA26108 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 28 Aug 1999 18:55:45 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA06826; Sat, 28 Aug 1999 19:02:50 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma006812; Sat, 28 Aug 99 19:02:29 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 28 Aug 1999 18:40:41 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id WAA27195; Sat, 28 Aug 1999 22:24:22 GMT
Received: from mta1.tm.net.my by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id SAA27035; Sat, 28 Aug 1999 18:24:16 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from oemcomputer ([202.188.65.23]) by mta1.tm.net.my
          (InterMail v03.02.05 118 121 101) with SMTP
          id <19990828222353.ZXXB1712@oemcomputer>
          for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>;
          Sun, 29 Aug 1999 06:23:53 +0800
Message-Id: <000f01bef221$6b2ff460$1741bcca@oemcomputer>
From: "Don Baker" <dbaker@tm.net.my>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: The Reef Project / Call for CVs for Directorship Position
Date: Sun, 29 Aug 1999 06:21:29 -0700
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_000C_01BEF1E6.BB2E5320"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.3110.1
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Don Baker" <dbaker@tm.net.my>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 526
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_000C_01BEF1E6.BB2E5320
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
THE REEF PROJECT I - What is it? What is it all about?
THE REEF PROJECT is a unique facility concerned primarily with coral =
reef education, conservation, rehabilitation, and restoration. To =
accomplish these features, there are two major missions of the Sabah, =
Malaysia / Pulau Gaya facility. Designated as "The Reef Project I", it =
is hoped that similar facilities will be developed throughout South East =
Asia. This is an effort to bring the communities of the region to a more =
knowledgeable level of understanding about their unique coral reef =
ecosystems and how they can effectively and efficiently utilize them in =
a sustainable manner for the benefit of the entire world.
Mission One
Public education & awareness of the importance of the coral reef =
ecosystem - be it for food on the dinner plate, for tourist generated =
income, or for its exotic natural marine flora & fauna wonders yet to be =
discovered. This mission is initiated from the local community level.
Means to accomplish this Mission are:
        a.. "Living" Coral Reef Aquarium Exhibits & Themes
        b.. Public & Community Seminars & Functions
        c.. Brochures / Handouts
        d.. Internet Communications & Coral Reef Information Database =
Evolution
        e.. Quarterly REEF REPORT Newsletter
Mission Two
Coral Reef ecosystem research & development for determining restoration =
& rehabilitation methodology - rebuilding the coral reefs by applying =
various principles associated with other biological and engineering =
disciplines. Undergraduate practical and post graduate degree programs =
for university students are also supported in this mission.
Means to accomplish this Mission are:
        a.. Laboratories & Associated Equipment
        b.. Dive Locker & Mechanical Worktable
        c.. Coral Reef Field Monitoring Programs
        d.. Marine Life Research Tanks & Raceways
        e.. Sea-Scaping Reef Field Study Site
        f.. Degraded coral reef ecosystem [P. Gaya]
        g.. Cooperative Research Programs with other institutions and =
NGOs.
Further information about THE REEF PROJECT can be obtained through the =
Internet at:
reefprj@hotmail.com
reefprj@tm.net.my
Telephone: 6088 302 007 [Voice & Fax on Request]
THE REEF PROJECT
G16 Wisma Sabah / 88000 Kota Kinabalu / Sabah, Malaysia
------=_NextPart_000_000C_01BEF1E6.BB2E5320
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META content=3Dtext/html;charset=3Diso-8859-1 =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D'"MSHTML 4.72.3110.7"' name=3DGENERATOR>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2><B><FONT size=3D5>
<P align=3Dcenter>THE REEF PROJECT I - What is it? What is it all=20
about?</P></FONT><FONT size=3D4>
<P align=3Djustify>THE REEF PROJECT is a unique facility concerned =
primarily with=20
coral reef education, conservation, rehabilitation, and restoration. To=20
accomplish these features, there are two major missions of the Sabah, =
Malaysia /=20
Pulau Gaya facility. Designated as &quot;The Reef Project I&quot;, it is =
hoped=20
that similar facilities will be developed throughout South East Asia. =
This is an=20
effort to bring the communities of the region to a more knowledgeable =
level of=20
understanding about their unique coral reef ecosystems and how they can=20
effectively and efficiently utilize them in a sustainable manner for the =
benefit=20
of the entire world.</P></FONT><FONT size=3D5>
<P align=3Dcenter>Mission One</P></FONT><FONT size=3D4>
<P align=3Djustify></P></FONT>
<P align=3Djustify>Public education &amp; awareness of the importance of =
the coral=20
reef ecosystem - be it for food on the dinner plate, for tourist =
generated=20
income, or for its exotic natural marine flora &amp; fauna wonders yet =
to be=20
discovered. This mission is initiated from the local community =
level.</P>
<P align=3Djustify></P>
<P>Means to accomplish this Mission are:</P>
<P></P>
<UL>
    <DIR>
    <DIR>
    <DIR>
    <DIR>
    <UL>
        <LI>&quot;Living&quot; Coral Reef Aquarium Exhibits &amp; =
Themes</LI>
        <LI>Public &amp; Community Seminars &amp; Functions</LI>
        <LI>Brochures / Handouts</LI>
        <LI>Internet Communications &amp; Coral Reef Information =
Database=20
        Evolution</LI>
        <LI>Quarterly REEF REPORT =
Newsletter</LI></UL></DIR></DIR></DIR></DIR></UL><FONT=20
size=3D5>
<P align=3Dcenter>Mission Two</P></FONT><FONT size=3D4>
<P align=3Djustify></P></FONT>
<P align=3Djustify>Coral Reef ecosystem research &amp; development for =
determining=20
restoration &amp; rehabilitation methodology - rebuilding the coral =
reefs by=20
applying various principles associated with other biological and =
engineering=20
disciplines. Undergraduate practical and post graduate degree programs =
for=20
university students are also supported in this mission.</P>
<DIR>
<DIR>
<P>Means to accomplish this Mission are:</P></DIR></DIR>
<UL>
    <DIR>
    <DIR>
    <DIR>
    <DIR>
    <UL>
        <LI>Laboratories &amp; Associated Equipment</LI>
        <LI>Dive Locker &amp; Mechanical Worktable</LI>
        <LI>Coral Reef Field Monitoring Programs</LI>
        <LI>Marine Life Research Tanks &amp; Raceways</LI>
        <LI>Sea-Scaping Reef Field Study Site</LI>
        <LI>Degraded coral reef ecosystem [P. Gaya]</LI>
        <LI>Cooperative Research Programs with other institutions and=20
    NGOs.</LI></UL></DIR></DIR></DIR></DIR></UL><FONT size=3D4>
<P>Further information about THE REEF PROJECT can be obtained through =
the=20
Internet at:</P></B></FONT>
<P align=3Dcenter><A href=3D"mailto:reefprj@hotmail.com"><B><FONT=20
size=3D4>reefprj@hotmail.com</B></FONT></A></P><B><FONT size=3D4>
<P align=3Dcenter></P></B></FONT>
<P align=3Dcenter><A href=3D"mailto:reefprj@tm.net.my"><B><FONT=20
size=3D4>reefprj@tm.net.my</B></FONT></A></P><B><FONT size=3D4>
<P align=3Dcenter>Telephone: 6088 302 007 [Voice &amp; Fax on =
Request]</P>
<P align=3Dcenter></P></FONT><FONT size=3D5>
<P align=3Dcenter>THE REEF PROJECT</P></FONT><FONT size=3D4>
<P align=3Dcenter>G16 Wisma Sabah / 88000 Kota Kinabalu / Sabah, =
Malaysia</P>
<P align=3Dcenter></P>
<P></P></B></FONT></FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_000_000C_01BEF1E6.BB2E5320--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Aug 28 20:29:49 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <clips-owner@discomsys.com>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id UAA26887 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 28 Aug 1999 20:29:48 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA08410; Sat, 28 Aug 1999 20:34:45 -0400
Received: from discomsys.com(38.150.76.140) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma008396; Sat, 28 Aug 99 20:34:04 -0400
Received: (from majordomo@localhost)
	by discomsys.com (8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA11840
	for clips-list; Sat, 28 Aug 1999 17:49:30 -0400 (EDT)
X-Authentication-Warning: blackbird.discomsys.com: majordomo set sender to clips-owner@discomsys.com using -f
Received: from mailman.ghg.net (mailman.ghg.net [206.29.116.30])
	by discomsys.com (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id RAA11835
	for <clips@discomsys.com>; Sat, 28 Aug 1999 17:49:26 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from [208.157.198.19] (max8-19.ghg.net [208.157.198.19])
	by mailman.ghg.net (8.9.1/8.9.1/GHG 1.2) with ESMTP id QAA02501
	for <clips@discomsys.com>; Sat, 28 Aug 1999 16:43:37 -0500 (CDT)
Mime-Version: 1.0
X-Sender: clips@mailman.ghgcorp.com
Message-Id: <v04210104b3ee07a999e7@[208.157.198.19]>
In-Reply-To: <000001bef08d$5296c4a0$532152ce@antimatter>
References: <000001bef08d$5296c4a0$532152ce@antimatter>
Date: Sat, 28 Aug 1999 16:50:37 -0500
To: clips@discomsys.com
From: Gary Riley <clips@ghg.net>
Subject: CLIPS: New Web Page
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" ; format="flowed"
Sender: clips-owner@discomsys.com
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: clips@discomsys.com
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 527
I've set up a page on the CLIPS web site for CLIPS related job
postings. Individuals/companies wanting to add a job posting
to the web page should send email to clips@ghg.net.
Gary Riley
clips@ghg.net
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CLIPS Frequently Asked Questions: http://www.ghgcorp.com/clips/CLIPS-FAQ
CLIPS WWW Page: http://www.ghg.net/clips/CLIPS.html
CLIPS Download Page: http://www.ghgcorp.com/clips/download/
--
To subscribe or unsubscribe, send email to clips-request@discomsys.com
with your request (subscribe, unsubscribe) in the BODY of the message.
The official CLIPS homepage resides at: http://www.ghg.net/clips/CLIPS.html
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Aug 29 19:12:00 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id TAA07727 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 29 Aug 1999 19:11:59 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA08716; Sun, 29 Aug 1999 19:19:06 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma008703; Sun, 29 Aug 99 19:18:37 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sun, 29 Aug 1999 19:15:40 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA30658; Sun, 29 Aug 1999 21:50:53 GMT
Received: from oxmail.ox.ac.uk by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA26270; Sun, 29 Aug 1999 17:50:47 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from wing1.herald.ox.ac.uk ([163.1.0.225] ident=exim)
	by oxmail.ox.ac.uk with esmtp (Exim 2.10 #1)
	id 11LCqS-0007Kw-00; Sun, 29 Aug 1999 22:50:36 +0100
Received: from httpd by wing1.herald.ox.ac.uk with local (Exim 2.02 #1)
	id 11LCqU-0006dw-00; Sun, 29 Aug 1999 22:50:38 +0100
Content-Type: text/plain
Content-Disposition: inline
Mime-Version: 1.0
X-Mailer: MIME-tools 4.103 (Entity 4.115)
From: Edward Vowles <edward.vowles@pembroke.oxford.ac.uk>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, mangrove@essun1.murdoch.edu.au,
        seagrass_forum@essun1.murdoch.edu.au, consgis@pete.uri.edu
Subject: Diving expedition
Message-Id: <E11LCqU-0006dw-00@wing1.herald.ox.ac.uk>
Date: Sun, 29 Aug 1999 22:50:38 +0100
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Edward Vowles <edward.vowles@pembroke.oxford.ac.uk>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 528
Dear All,
This message has been posted on CORAL-LIST, CONSGIS, SEAGRASS and MANGROVE - apologies for any duplication.
-I am looking for ideas for a marine conservation, diving expedition / project for the summer of next year.
-I plan to lead and organise the expedition myself.
-My primary interest is with Coral reefs, Sea grass and Mangroves - particularly the link between them.
-Below, I have tried to be as specific as possible with details of my ideas, interests and experience.
Time period:
-3 months (July - September) in 2000.
A summary of my relevant experience:
-Took part in a 3 month project on the Southern coast of Tanzania with an expedition group called Frontier (1998). We surveyed coral reefs, mangrove stands and carried out a 'ReefCheck' survey.
-Have done 50 dives, mostly in Tanzania but have training to 'PADI Advanced' in the UK.
-Attended a series of workshops entitled 'Biological surveys: techniques for conservation expeditions', at the Royal Geographical Society in London.
-I am starting my 2nd year as a biology undergraduate at Oxford University (UK).
-Currently working, through this summer, as a volunteer at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in the Marine Life Research group.
Ideas and interests:
-Simple ecological surveying.
-Surveying the distribution of habitats and species (particularly if threatened or locally/commercially important).
-Production of a GIS map (I have no previous experience in this field so would be reliant on collaboration with a more qualified researcher locally. Clearly any map I could produce would be coarse and limited but this seems to be a useful and straightforward 'product' to obtain as an expedition objective - something helpful as a base for future work.
Geographical area:
-Limited to areas with coral reef etc.
Group structure:
-About 6 people - probably all undergraduates.
-Languages spoken between us: English, French, German (and very limited Swahili).
-Key to the expedition would be local collaboration, both with local researchers or biology students and with a dive center or marine research station (for equipment, air, boatcover/transport, etc.).
Funding:
-The team would be self sufficient as regards obtaining funding (through grant aid and sponsorship).
-I think the project would need to address a particular local conservation need in order to obtain sufficient finding.
I appreciate you reading through this and am keen to hear any suggestions!
Thanks,
Edward
---
Edward Vowles
Pembroke college
Oxford
Email: edward.vowles@pmb.ox.ac.uk
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Aug 30 03:01:33 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id DAA12364 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 30 Aug 1999 03:01:33 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id DAA17615; Mon, 30 Aug 1999 03:06:30 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma017602; Mon, 30 Aug 99 03:06:22 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 30 Aug 1999 03:03:14 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id FAA36456; Mon, 30 Aug 1999 05:40:56 GMT
Received: from mta1.tm.net.my by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id BAA36111; Mon, 30 Aug 1999 01:40:48 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from oemcomputer ([202.188.83.246]) by mta1.tm.net.my
          (InterMail v03.02.05 118 121 101) with SMTP
          id <19990830054019.CUIO1712@oemcomputer>;
          Mon, 30 Aug 1999 13:40:19 +0800
Message-Id: <000e01bef327$91c47cc0$f653bcca@oemcomputer>
From: "Don Baker" <dbaker@tm.net.my>
To: "CoraList" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Cc: <reefprj@hotmail.com>
Subject: CV Request/ Directorship /The Reef Project
Date: Mon, 30 Aug 1999 13:27:05 -0700
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0009_01BEF2EB.5A14C6E0"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.3110.1
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Don Baker" <dbaker@tm.net.my>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 529
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_0009_01BEF2EB.5A14C6E0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
REEF PROJECT Managing Director JOB SUMMARY=20
Individual must be well versed in the field of marine ecology and have =
experience in mariculture applications for reef species - especially =
giant clams. Experience in reef survey work, field data collection, and =
advanced scuba certification is required. This individual will be =
responsible for the following areas.
* Full Management & Directorship of the Reef Project and associated =
personnel
* Directorship and Advisor for all types of research and field surveys
* Lead representative for public relations and Project promotions
* Quarterly Operations & Management Report
* Quarterly "The REEF PROJECT" Newsletter editing & in house publishing
* Environmental & Ecological Advisor to Gayana Resort=20
* International & National "Reef Project Concept" cooperative programs
* Training for Malaysian citizens employed with the Reef Project
* Management of the Reef Project and Gayana Resort Bay aquarium displays
This person must be computer literate and experienced in INTERNET use. =
WEB Page design experience would be helpful. Experience in personnel and =
office management is also required. Individual must be willing to live =
at the Pulau Gaya facility and associated Gayana Resort. Must also be =
willing to learn Bahasa Malay if candidate is not a Malaysian national.
Certain amenities with the Resort are part of the benefit & salary.
CVs & Salary proposals should be sent via Email or Postal to:
THE REEF PROJECT
Attn: Don Baker
C/O Gayana Resort
G16 Wisma Sabah,
Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia=20
*******************************
THE REEF PROJECT I
CORAL REEF & GIANT CLAM REHABILITATION
Pulau Gaya Facility - Sabah - Malaysia
THE REEF PROJECT I - What is it? What is it all about?
THE REEF PROJECT is a unique facility concerned primarily with coral =
reef education, conservation, rehabilitation, and restoration. To =
accomplish these features, there are two major missions of the Sabah, =
Malaysia / Pulau Gaya facility. Designated as "The Reef Project I", it =
is hoped that similar facilities will be developed throughout South East =
Asia. This is an effort to bring the communities of the region to a more =
knowledgeable level of understanding about their unique coral reef =
ecosystems and how they can effectively and efficiently utilize them in =
a sustainable manner for the benefit of the entire world.
Mission One
Public education & awareness of the importance of the coral reef =
ecosystem - be it for food on the dinner plate, for tourist generated =
income, or for its exotic natural marine flora & fauna wonders yet to be =
discovered. This mission is initiated from the local community level.
Means to accomplish this Mission are:
- "Living" Coral Reef Aquarium Exhibits & Themes
- Public & Community Seminars & Functions
- Brochures / Handouts
- Internet Communications & Coral Reef Information Database Evolution
- Quarterly REEF REPORT Newsletter
Mission Two
Coral Reef ecosystem research & development for determining restoration =
& rehabilitation methodology - rebuilding the coral reefs by applying =
various principles associated with other biological and engineering =
disciplines. Undergraduate practical and post graduate degree programs =
for university students are also supported in this mission.
Means to accomplish this Mission are:
- Laboratories & Associated Equipment
- Dive Locker & Mechanical Worktable
- Coral Reef Field Monitoring Programs
- Marine Life Research Tanks & Raceways
- Sea-Scaping Reef Field Study Site
- Degraded coral reef ecosystem [P. Gaya]
- Cooperative Research Programs with other institutions and NGOs.
Further information about THE REEF PROJECT can be obtained through the =
Internet at: reefprj@hotmail.com reefprj@tm.net.my
Telephone: 6088 302 007 [Voice & Fax on Request]
THE REEF PROJECT
G16 Wisma Sabah / 88000 Kota Kinabalu / Sabah, Malaysia
------=_NextPart_000_0009_01BEF2EB.5A14C6E0
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META content=3Dtext/html;charset=3Diso-8859-1 =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D'"MSHTML 4.72.3110.7"' name=3DGENERATOR>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>
<P>REEF PROJECT Managing Director JOB SUMMARY </P>
<P>Individual must be well versed in the field of marine ecology and =
have=20
experience in mariculture applications for reef species - especially =
giant=20
clams. Experience in reef survey work, field data collection, and =
advanced scuba=20
certification is required. This individual will be responsible for the =
following=20
areas.</P>
<P>* Full Management &amp; Directorship of the Reef Project and =
associated=20
personnel</P>
<P>* Directorship and Advisor for all types of research and field =
surveys</P>
<P>* Lead representative for public relations and Project promotions</P>
<P>* Quarterly Operations &amp; Management Report</P>
<P>* Quarterly &quot;The REEF PROJECT&quot; Newsletter editing &amp; in =
house=20
publishing</P>
<P>* Environmental &amp; Ecological Advisor to Gayana Resort </P>
<P>* International &amp; National &quot;Reef Project Concept&quot; =
cooperative=20
programs</P>
<P>* Training for Malaysian citizens employed with the Reef Project</P>
<P>* Management of the Reef Project and Gayana Resort Bay aquarium =
displays</P>
<P>This person must be computer literate and experienced in INTERNET =
use. WEB=20
Page design experience would be helpful. Experience in personnel and =
office=20
management is also required. Individual must be willing to live at the =
Pulau=20
Gaya facility and associated Gayana Resort. Must also be willing to =
learn Bahasa=20
Malay if candidate is not a Malaysian national.</P>
<P>Certain amenities with the Resort are part of the benefit &amp; =
salary.</P>
<P>CVs &amp; Salary proposals should be sent via Email or Postal to:</P>
<P>THE REEF PROJECT</P>
<P>Attn: Don Baker</P>
<P>C/O Gayana Resort</P>
<P>G16 Wisma Sabah,</P>
<P>Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia </P>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000=20
face=3DArial>*******************************</FONT></P><FONT =
color=3D#000000=20
face=3DArial><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>
<P>THE REEF PROJECT I</P>
<P>CORAL REEF &amp; GIANT CLAM REHABILITATION</P>
<P>Pulau Gaya Facility - Sabah - Malaysia</P>
<P>THE REEF PROJECT I - What is it? What is it all about?</P>
<P>THE REEF PROJECT is a unique facility concerned primarily with coral =
reef=20
education, conservation, rehabilitation, and restoration. To accomplish =
these=20
features, there are two major missions of the Sabah, Malaysia / Pulau =
Gaya=20
facility. Designated as &quot;The Reef Project I&quot;, it is hoped that =
similar=20
facilities will be developed throughout South East Asia. This is an =
effort to=20
bring the communities of the region to a more knowledgeable level of=20
understanding about their unique coral reef ecosystems and how they can=20
effectively and efficiently utilize them in a sustainable manner for the =
benefit=20
of the entire world.</P>
<P>Mission One</P>
<P>Public education &amp; awareness of the importance of the coral reef=20
ecosystem - be it for food on the dinner plate, for tourist generated =
income, or=20
for its exotic natural marine flora &amp; fauna wonders yet to be =
discovered.=20
This mission is initiated from the local community level.</P>
<P>Means to accomplish this Mission are:</P>
<P></P>
<P>- &quot;Living&quot; Coral Reef Aquarium Exhibits &amp; Themes</P>
<P>- Public &amp; Community Seminars &amp; Functions</P>
<P>- Brochures / Handouts</P>
<P>- Internet Communications &amp; Coral Reef Information Database =
Evolution</P>
<P>- Quarterly REEF REPORT Newsletter</P>
<P>Mission Two</P>
<P>Coral Reef ecosystem research &amp; development for determining =
restoration=20
&amp; rehabilitation methodology - rebuilding the coral reefs by =
applying=20
various principles associated with other biological and engineering =
disciplines.=20
Undergraduate practical and post graduate degree programs for university =
students are also supported in this mission.</P>
<P>Means to accomplish this Mission are:</P>
<P>- Laboratories &amp; Associated Equipment</P>
<P>- Dive Locker &amp; Mechanical Worktable</P>
<P>- Coral Reef Field Monitoring Programs</P>
<P>- Marine Life Research Tanks &amp; Raceways</P>
<P>- Sea-Scaping Reef Field Study Site</P>
<P>- Degraded coral reef ecosystem [P. Gaya]</P>
<P>- Cooperative Research Programs with other institutions and NGOs.</P>
<P>Further information about THE REEF PROJECT can be obtained through =
the=20
Internet at: </FONT><A href=3D"mailto:reefprj@hotmail.com"><FONT=20
face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>reefprj@hotmail.com</FONT></A><FONT =
face=3D"Courier New"=20
size=3D2> </FONT><A href=3D"mailto:reefprj@tm.net.my"><FONT =
face=3D"Courier New"=20
size=3D2>reefprj@tm.net.my</FONT></A></P><FONT face=3D"Courier New" =
size=3D2>
<P>Telephone: 6088 302 007 [Voice &amp; Fax on Request]</P>
<P>THE REEF PROJECT</P>
<P>G16 Wisma Sabah / 88000 Kota Kinabalu / Sabah, Malaysia</P></FONT>
<P>&nbsp;</P></FONT></FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_000_0009_01BEF2EB.5A14C6E0--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Aug 30 17:25:16 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA03169 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 30 Aug 1999 17:25:15 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA26085; Mon, 30 Aug 1999 17:32:23 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma026063; Mon, 30 Aug 99 17:32:01 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 30 Aug 1999 12:21:05 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA38647; Mon, 30 Aug 1999 16:12:01 GMT
Message-Id: <199908301612.QAA38647@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: "Ian Ripper and Maggie Watson" <habari@candwbvi.net>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Reef Encounter 26, call for contributions
Date: Sun, 29 Aug 1999 08:45:37 -0400
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Ian Ripper and Maggie Watson" <habari@candwbvi.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 530
REEF ENCOUNTER No. 26
NEWSLETTER OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR REEF STUDIES
CALL FOR CONTRIBUTIONS
Dear all,
We are currently looking for articles for the next issue of Reef =
Encounter. We would welcome contributions from a few hundred words to a =
couple of pages on any aspect of reef studies, including news, comments, =
short reviews (but not original scientific data) and especially =
illustrations/cartoons. Our deadline is 1st October and text sent by =
email is strongly preferred. You can also send illustrations (and text =
if desired) to the address at the end of this message.
Please email your articles to one of us at:
Maggie Watson, habari@candwbvi.net
Kristian Teleki, kat1003@cus.cam.ac.uk
If you are interested in joining the International Society for Reef =
Studies and receiving Reef Encounter please contact Richard Aronson, =
raronson@jaguar1.usouthal.edu=20
Thanks,
Maggie and Kristian
Maggie Watson                                            OR
Suite 158 Inland Messenger Service               Suite 158
Tortola,                                                        P. O. =
Box 305498
British Virgin Islands                                     St. Thomas =
VI00803
                                                                   U S =
Virgin Islands
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Aug 30 17:32:35 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA03251 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 30 Aug 1999 17:32:34 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA26489; Mon, 30 Aug 1999 17:37:33 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma026421; Mon, 30 Aug 99 17:37:13 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 30 Aug 1999 16:50:21 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA42325; Mon, 30 Aug 1999 20:45:17 GMT
Received: from chi6-1.relay.mail.uu.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA42279; Mon, 30 Aug 1999 16:45:12 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from sailfish.hboi.edu by chi6sosrv11.alter.net with ESMTP
	(peer crosschecked as: smtp.hboi.edu [208.219.69.3])
	id QQhenz18434
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 30 Aug 1999 20:45:04 GMT
Received: by SAILFISH with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2232.9)
	id <RNVDVMFQ>; Mon, 30 Aug 1999 16:54:15 -0400
Message-Id: <705E975A40BED211949800105A1C2F4C4F8A20@SAILFISH>
From: Maia McGuire <MMcGuire@HBOI.edu>
To: "'coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov'" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: GPS results
Date: Mon, 30 Aug 1999 16:54:15 -0400
MIME-Version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2232.9)
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Maia McGuire <MMcGuire@HBOI.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 531
Thanks to everyone who replied to my request for feedback about handheld GPS
units.  Almost everyone who responded was happy with their units.  Two
people did feel that the lat/long digits on the display of the Magellan NAV
6000 were too small, but this was the only complaint anyone had.  Many of
you seem to be using the Garmin GPS 12 and find that it is adequate for most
needs.
We have opted to purchase the Garmin GPS 48, largely on the recommendation
of a salesman at West Marine (marine supplies store) who felt that the
design of the antenna on this particular model was better than any of the
others (it is a swivelling antenna, not fixed).  Otherwise, there was not
much to choose between models.  We are purchasing a differential unit which
will be mounted on our boat, and are looking into getting a long cable so
that we can wander around in shallow water with the handheld unit.
A couple of people recommended Trimble GPS units-they sound terrific, but
the cheapest handheld starts at around $3000...we are getting the Garmin
handheld and differential for around $650 (including cables, software,
brackets, etc).
Thanks again for all your advice!
Maia McGuire
Post-doctoral investigator
Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Aug 30 17:32:36 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA03258 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 30 Aug 1999 17:32:36 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA26487; Mon, 30 Aug 1999 17:37:34 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma026382; Mon, 30 Aug 99 17:36:36 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 30 Aug 1999 16:45:13 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA36917; Mon, 30 Aug 1999 20:32:07 GMT
Message-Id: <199908302032.UAA36917@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: Sinikka DeHanas <SDeHanas@winrock.org>
To: "'coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov'" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Red Sea Marine Operations Expert
Date: Mon, 30 Aug 1999 13:16:32 -0500
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Sinikka DeHanas <SDeHanas@winrock.org>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 532
Could you please post the position announcement below.  We are searching
for candidates at this time and will field as soon as possible.  Thank you
very much for your help.
Sinikka DeHanas
Winrock International
sdehanas@winrock.org
___________
Red Sea Marine Park Operations Expert
Winrock International is searching for candidates for Marine Park
Operations Expert position based in Hurghada, Egypt.  This will be a
full-time appointment for approximately an 18-month period, starting
around September 1999.  The position requires previous experience in
marine park operations and with USAID projects, a good foundation in
marine sciences, and ability and interest to work based on the Red Sea
coast of Egypt.  The candidates must be U.S. citizens or permanent
residents.  The candidate selected will be hired through Winrock
International and will be eligible for an excellent benefits package and
for housing, shipping and other allowances as approved by USAID.  Winrock
International is an Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer.  Women,
Minorities and Veterans are encouraged to apply.  Send a cover letter and
resume to sdehanas@winrock.org. The full position description is below.
Provides support and technical assistance to the Red Sea Protectorates
Staff in the day-to-day management of the Park.  Manages local contract
staff assigned to the Hurghada Office.  Responsible for development of a
coral reef monitoring system and a park zoning plan, designing and
implementing a park patrol and staffing plan, advising EEAA in equipment
procurement and facility expansion, operations and maintenance of park
facilities and equipment, and training needs.  Will be expected to provide
significant contributions to the development of the RSPMP draft plan.
Responsible for outreach to local NGOs, private sector groups, and local
communities. Acts as the principal liaison between the contractor staff in
the Red Sea and the Marine Park EU-funded staff in the Gulf of Aqaba.
Responsible for coordinating activities and operational policies with the
other marine protectorates.  Reports to the Red Sea Marine Park Management
Advisor.  Extensive management and team building experience in developing
countries and previous USAID project experience required.  Should possess
at least 5 years field-based experience in coral reef monitoring and/or
marine park management.  An advanced degree in coral reef ecology, marine
biology, or related field is required.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Aug 30 22:54:31 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id WAA07609 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 30 Aug 1999 22:54:30 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id XAA06850; Mon, 30 Aug 1999 23:01:37 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma006834; Mon, 30 Aug 99 23:00:50 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 30 Aug 1999 22:57:52 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id CAA40993; Tue, 31 Aug 1999 02:46:02 GMT
Received: from exs24.ex.nus.edu.sg by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id WAA43862; Mon, 30 Aug 1999 22:45:54 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by exs24.ex.nus.edu.sg with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
	id <RRT3HTLW>; Tue, 31 Aug 1999 10:47:33 +0800
Message-Id: <415039BB7DE8D011BC4600805F311E1602CA6BED@exs25.ex.nus.edu.sg>
From: James Rolfe Guest <scip9051@nus.edu.sg>
To: "'coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov'" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Spawnwatch!
Date: Tue, 31 Aug 1999 10:47:37 +0800
MIME-Version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
Content-Type: text/plain
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: James Rolfe Guest <scip9051@nus.edu.sg>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 533
Dear coral-list,
I am writing to ask for help from universities, conservation groups and
diving groups in the SE Asia region.
I am collaborating with Gilly Llewellyn (conservation science advisor to the
WWF Indonesia Wallacea Program) to recruit volunteers or potential partners
for an informal, regional effort to help improve monitoring of SE Asian
coral spawning activity.
Ideally this program would become a network of dive centers, scientists,
university dive groups and conservation groups, who would plan night dives
around the full moon (or whenever is most likely) to try and observe coral
spawning. Such a program could serve as a powerful education and awareness
raising tool as well as being of great practical conservation value (and is
a perfect excuse for a night dive). Spawnwatch is the suggested name (with
apologies to Baywatch) but alternative titles are welcome. We are keen to
hear from anyone who wants to become involved, or who has past experience in
coral spawning monitoring programs.
Interested parties should contact us by e-mail either to Gilly
(Gllewellyn@wwfnet.org) or directly to me (scip9051@nus.edu.sg).
Thanks in advance,
James Guest.
James. R. Guest
Reef Ecology Laboratory
Department of Biological Sciences
National University of Singapore
10 Kent Ridge Crescent
Singapore 119260
Tel: (65) 778-7112 (office)
       (65) 774-8873 (home)
Fax: (65) 779-6155 / 772-2486
E-mail: scip9051@nus.edu.sg / jrguest@hotmail.com
Gilly Llewellyn
Conservation Science Program Manager
WWF Indonesia Wallacea Office
Jl Hayam Wuruk 179
Denpasar 80235
Bali
James. R. Guest
Reef Ecology Laboratory
Department of Biological Sciences
National University of Singapore
10 Kent Ridge Crescent
Singapore 119260
Tel: (65) 778-7112 (office)
       (65) 774-8873 (home)
Fax: (65) 779-6155 / 772-2486
E-mail: scip9051@nus.edu.sg / jrguest@hotmail.com
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Sep  1 21:59:58 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id VAA05436 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 1 Sep 1999 21:59:58 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA23022; Wed, 1 Sep 1999 22:04:57 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma022950; Wed, 1 Sep 99 22:04:31 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 1 Sep 1999 22:01:22 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id BAA58305; Thu, 2 Sep 1999 01:44:40 GMT
Received: from pearl.aims.gov.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id VAA61233; Wed, 1 Sep 1999 21:44:24 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from ltmldr2.aims.gov.au ([138.7.37.8])
	by pearl.aims.gov.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id LAA13578
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 2 Sep 1999 11:44:13 +1000 (EST)
Message-Id: <3.0.5.32.19990902114412.008323b0@email.aims.gov.au>
X-Sender: hsweatma@email.aims.gov.au
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0.5 (32)
Date: Thu, 02 Sep 1999 11:44:12 +1000
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Hugh Sweatman <h.sweatman@aims.gov.au>
Subject: Position available
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Hugh Sweatman <h.sweatman@aims.gov.au>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 534
BIOSTATISTICIAN - REEF MONITORING  (JOB No. 178 )
The Australian Institute of Marine Science invites applications from
suitably qualified persons for appointment as a Research Scientist in the
Long-Term Monitoring Program. The appointee will participate in research
supported by the CRC Reef Research Centre within AIMS and will be based at
the Institute's headquarters, which are located at Cape Ferguson,
Townsville, North Queensland.
The Long Term Monitoring Program is a major initiative to monitor regional
status of the Great Barrier Reef. Program staff visit reefs along the
length of the GBR annually, surveying reef perimeters for coral cover and
crown-of-thorns starfish and surveying fixed sites for reef fishes and
benthic organisms. Further information about the program can be found on
the AIMS website (http://www.aims.gov.au/reef-monitoring).
The Institute seeks to employ, on a full time basis, a professional
scientist who has a strong background in statistics and skills appropriate
for the analysis of ecological and spatial data. The successful applicant
will provide statistical advice to field biologists working within the Long
Term Monitoring Program and will coordinate all data analysis within the
program. He or she will be involved in the analysis and interpretation of
the results of the program and will collaborate in the production of
technical reports and scientific papers.
Salary: This three (3) year fixed term position is offered at a within the
range of A$57,681 - A$63,233 per annum (determined by qualifications and
experience).
For additional information, selection criteria, etc. see AIMS' webpages
(http://www.aims.gov.au)
Enquiries: Dr. Hugh Sweatman on (07) 4753 4470.(h.sweatman@aims.gov.au)
IMPORTANT INFORMATION
Applications: Applicants must address the selection criteria, giving
details of experience, personal particulars and including the names of two
referees. Address your application to the General Manager, Support
Services, Australian Institute of Marine Science, P.M.B. No 3, Townsville
MC Qld 4810, Australia
Applications close 24 September 1999.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Sep  2 07:14:52 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id HAA10626 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 2 Sep 1999 07:14:51 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA04640; Thu, 2 Sep 1999 07:22:03 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma004610; Thu, 2 Sep 99 07:21:03 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 2 Sep 1999 07:17:55 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id LAA62720; Thu, 2 Sep 1999 11:01:41 GMT
Message-Id: <199909021101.LAA62720@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Thu, 02 Sep 1999 10:47:38 +0700
From: Reef-99 <reef99@uninet.net.id>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Int.'l Conference on Marine Tourism and Coral Reef Conservation
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Reef-99 <reef99@uninet.net.id>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 535
Announcement
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE on  MARINE TOURISM AND CORAL REEF CONSERVATION
Bali International Convention Center (BICC)
BALI =96 INDONESIA,  December 1 - 3, 1999
Secretariat:
Jl. Raden Saleh 43, Jakarta 10330, INDONESIA
Phone: (62-21) 3143080 ext. 505,  Fax : (62-21) 327958,
E-Mail: reef99@uninet.net.id
Coral Reef 99 =93 International Seminar on Marine Tourism and Coral Reefs
Conservation is scheduled for December 1-3rd 1999, at the Bali
International Convention Center, Bali Indonesia.  The event is organized
in corporation with the CORAL REEF REHABILITATION and PROJECT MANAGEMENT
(COREMAP) and other major sponsors to bring world attention to Marine
Conservation in Indonesia, in particular Coral Reefs. Supported by Patrons
The President of the Republic of Indonesia, the event will attract world
renowned speakers.
The Seminar, sets out to pave the way to the new Millennium, a new era of
marine conservation as both local and global pressures take their tolls.
Supported by the COREMAP project, (the World Bank funded study of
Indonesian coral reef resources), this symposium will explore how marine
Eco-tourism can become the catalyst to bridge gaps between industrial
exploitation and community development.
If interested please fax or e-mail us for further information, or visit us
at http://www.spot.net.id/coralreef99/
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Sep  2 22:27:34 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id WAA01381 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 2 Sep 1999 22:27:34 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA05113; Thu, 2 Sep 1999 22:34:43 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma005043; Thu, 2 Sep 99 22:33:56 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 2 Sep 1999 22:30:24 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id CAA58061; Fri, 3 Sep 1999 02:18:23 GMT
Received: from pearl.aims.gov.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id WAA64519; Thu, 2 Sep 1999 22:18:14 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from clivepc.aims.gov.au (ppp-02.aims.gov.au [138.7.56.2])
	by pearl.aims.gov.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id MAA02704
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 3 Sep 1999 12:17:59 +1000 (EST)
Message-Id: <3.0.1.32.19990903121105.0073e49c@email.aims.gov.au>
X-Sender: cwilkins@email.aims.gov.au
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0.1 (32)
Date: Fri, 03 Sep 1999 12:11:05 +1000
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Clive Wilkinson <c.wilkinson@aims.gov.au>
Subject: 1997-98 Coral Bleaching Revisited
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/enriched; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Clive Wilkinson <c.wilkinson@aims.gov.au>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 536
1997-98 Mass Coral Bleaching - One Year Later
We are seeking your help again!
The GCRMN assembled many reports in late 1998 of mass coral bleaching and mortality around the world. Reports came in as the bleaching was happening: some became more alarming with time e.g. Palau; others reported some recovery (not all doom and gloom) e.g. Maldives, Kenya; others were incorrect or late e.g. Chagos and Saudi Arabia (Red Sea), where there was extensive bleaching and death; and some reports were a mix of bad news and poor news e.g. Belize, Bahamas.  Some reefs had site specific effects e.g. there was extensive bleaching around Palau, but not around a sewage outfall!
The report was published for the GCRMN by AIMS as 'Status of Coral Reefs of the World: 1998' and put up on the Internet as: http://www.aims.gov.au/scr1998
If you cannot download this, please e-mail me and I will attach a text file.
We want to repeat the report - one year later to obtain a more recent, authoritative assessment of what the 1997-98 El Nino/La Nina associated bleaching did to coral reefs. This will again be released on the Internet and probably published. If others want to use this information, please contact me and I can bundle up replies and send out.
Please send me reports on reefs that you know - NOT TO CORAL-LIST but to c.wilkinson@aims.gov.au
We would like to include ALL areas - those that showed damage as well as those with little or no bleaching.
Please provide information, including anecdotal observations, such as the following:
* name and area of the report (approx Latitude and Longitude);
* how extensive was the bleaching in 1997-98 e.g.  X% live coral cover reduction; Z% of coral species bleached; NN species not affected; other organisms bleached or not e.g. anemones (we can work with guestimates);
* what is the extent of recovery or resistance to bleaching and at what depths did recovery occur;
* has there been any new recruitment (and what families recruited)?
* other major comments.
If you are preparing results for publication, please let me know and we will either wait for the published paper or include a summary in the report.
Thank you
Clive Wilkinson
<bigger>
><<> ><<> ><<> ><<> ><<> ><<> ~~~ <<><< <<><< <<><< <<><< <<><< <<><<
Clive Wilkinson, Coordinator
Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network
c/o Australian Institute of Marine Science
Tel: +61 7 4772 4314; Fax: +61 7 4772 2808 or 4772 5852
<<><< <<><< <<><< <<><< <<><< <<><< ~~~ ><<> ><<> ><<> ><<> ><<> ><<>
</bigger>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Sep  3 12:09:45 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA17401 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 3 Sep 1999 12:09:44 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA13931; Fri, 3 Sep 1999 12:16:55 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma013854; Fri, 3 Sep 99 12:16:27 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 3 Sep 1999 12:11:04 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA71272; Fri, 3 Sep 1999 15:44:41 GMT
Received: from mail.caribe.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA70294; Fri, 3 Sep 1999 11:44:34 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from default (ppp161.211dip.netdial.caribe.net [209.91.211.161])
	by mail.caribe.net (8.9.0/8.9.0) with SMTP id LAA19584
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 3 Sep 1999 11:45:42 -0400 (AST)
Message-Id: <000801bef623$05dfe4c0$a1d35bd1@default>
From: "Ernesto Weil" <eweil@caribe.net>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Coral spawning in PR.
Date: Fri, 3 Sep 1999 10:53:36 -0400
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0014_01BEF5FA.92DAE240"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.2106.4
X-MIMEOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.2106.4
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Ernesto Weil" <eweil@caribe.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 537
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_0014_01BEF5FA.92DAE240
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Dear colleagues, spawning of Montastraea spp. occurred right on time =
this year in Puerto Rico. Here are my observations:
September 1st (6 days after the full moon):
7:55 - 8:40 p.m. M. franksi and M. cavernosa
10:30 - 11:10 p.m. M. annularis and M. faveolata=20
M.annularis started to spawn before M.faveolata, then they overlapped =
for about =BD hour, M.annularis stopped and M.faveolata continued to =
spawn afterward for a short period of time.=20
September 2nd. (7 days after the fool moon) : bad weather so, =
observations were made in specimens collected on August 30th and keept =
in aquaria with running seawater.=20
8:45 - 9:20 p.m M. franksi
10:30 - 11:10 p.m. M.annularis=20
11:00 - 11:50 p.m. M.faveolata
Saludos,
EW.
Dr. Ernesto Weil
Depart. of Marine Sciences, UPR
PO BOX 908 Lajas PR 00667
Ph. (787) 899-2048 x. 241
FAX (787) 899-2630/899-5500.
------=_NextPart_000_0014_01BEF5FA.92DAE240
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META content=3Dtext/html;charset=3Diso-8859-1 =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D'"MSHTML 4.72.2106.6"' name=3DGENERATOR>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV>
<P>Dear colleagues, spawning of <I>Montastraea</I> spp. occurred right =
on time=20
this year in Puerto Rico. Here are my observations:</P>
<P>September 1<SUP>st</SUP> (6 days after the full moon):</P>
<P>7:55 - 8:40 p.m. <I>M. franksi</I> and <I>M. cavernosa</I></P>
<P><I></I>10:30 - 11:10 p.m. <I>M. annularis</I> and <I>M. faveolata</I> =
</P><I>
<P>M.annularis</I> started to spawn before <I>M.faveolata</I>, then they =
overlapped for about &frac12; hour, <I>M.annularis</I> stopped and=20
<I>M.faveolata</I> continued to spawn afterward for a short period of =
time. </P>
<P>September 2<SUP>nd</SUP>. (7 days after the fool moon) : bad weather =
so,=20
observations were made in specimens collected on August 30th and keept =
in=20
aquaria with running seawater. </P>
<P>8:45 - 9:20 p.m <I>M. franksi</I></P>
<P><I></I>10:30 - 11:10 p.m. <I>M.annularis</I> </P>
<P>11:00 - 11:50 p.m. <I>M.faveolata</P>
<DIR>
<DIR>
<DIR>
<DIR>
<DIR>
<DIR>
<DIR>
<DIR>
<DIR>
<DIR></DIR></DIR></DIR></DIR></DIR></DIR></DIR></DIR></DIR></DIR></I>
<P>Saludos,</P>
<P>EW.</P></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Dr. Ernesto Weil<BR>Depart. of =
Marine Sciences,=20
UPR<BR>PO BOX 908 Lajas PR 00667<BR>Ph. (787) 899-2048 x. 241<BR>FAX =
(787)=20
899-2630/899-5500.</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_000_0014_01BEF5FA.92DAE240--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Sep  3 17:27:31 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA27605 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 3 Sep 1999 17:27:31 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA08932; Fri, 3 Sep 1999 17:32:31 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma008923; Fri, 3 Sep 99 17:32:30 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 3 Sep 1999 17:29:30 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA75787; Fri, 3 Sep 1999 21:07:13 GMT
Received: from OCRMHQ.NOS.NOAA.GOV by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA76703; Fri, 3 Sep 1999 17:07:03 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from noaa.gov ([140.90.116.100]) by OCRMHQ.NOS.NOAA.GOV
          (Netscape Messaging Server 3.62)  with ESMTP id 473;
          Fri, 3 Sep 1999 17:07:36 -0400
Message-Id: <37D03944.8124A5C1@noaa.gov>
Date: Fri, 03 Sep 1999 17:10:31 -0400
From: Ben Haskell <Ben.Haskell@noaa.gov>
Organization: FKNMS
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 (Macintosh; U; PPC)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Ernesto Weil <eweil@caribe.net>
CC: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Coral spawning in PR.
References: <000801bef623$05dfe4c0$a1d35bd1@default>
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
 boundary="------------2C0DA36AB62D4874446DD71F"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Ben Haskell <ben.haskell@noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 538
--------------2C0DA36AB62D4874446DD71F
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii; x-mac-type="54455854"; x-mac-creator="4D4F5353"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Spawning report from the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary:
D. strigosa spawned last night (9/2) around 1130 pm. An ophiurid was
observed catching and eating coral gametes. Stay tuned for more
reports.......
Ernesto Weil wrote:
>  Dear colleagues, spawning of Montastraea spp. occurred right on time
> this year in Puerto Rico. Here are my observations:
>
> September 1st (6 days after the full moon):
>
> 7:55 - 8:40 p.m. M. franksi and M. cavernosa
>
> 10:30 - 11:10 p.m. M. annularis and M. faveolata
>
> M.annularis started to spawn before M.faveolata, then they overlapped
> for about ? hour, M.annularis stopped and M.faveolata continued to
> spawn afterward for a short period of time.
>
> September 2nd. (7 days after the fool moon) : bad weather so,
> observations were made in specimens collected on August 30th and keept
> in aquaria with running seawater.
>
> 8:45 - 9:20 p.m M. franksi
>
> 10:30 - 11:10 p.m. M.annularis
>
> 11:00 - 11:50 p.m. M.faveolata
>
> Saludos,
>
> EW.Dr. Ernesto Weil
> Depart. of Marine Sciences, UPR
> PO BOX 908 Lajas PR 00667
> Ph. (787) 899-2048 x. 241
> FAX (787) 899-2630/899-5500.
--------------2C0DA36AB62D4874446DD71F
Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en">
<html>
<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
Spawning report from the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary:
<p><i>D. strigosa</i> spawned last night (9/2) around 1130 pm. An ophiurid
was observed catching and eating coral gametes. Stay tuned for more reports.......
<p>Ernesto Weil wrote:
<blockquote TYPE=CITE>&nbsp;Dear colleagues, spawning of <i>Montastraea</i>
spp. occurred right on time this year in Puerto Rico. Here are my observations:
<p>September 1<sup>st</sup> (6 days after the full moon):
<p>7:55 - 8:40 p.m. <i>M. franksi</i> and <i>M. cavernosa</i>
<p>10:30 - 11:10 p.m. <i>M. annularis</i> and <i>M. faveolata</i>
<p><i>M.annularis</i> started to spawn before <i>M.faveolata</i>, then
they overlapped for about ? hour, <i>M.annularis</i> stopped and <i>M.faveolata</i>
continued to spawn afterward for a short period of time.
<p>September 2<sup>nd</sup>. (7 days after the fool moon) : bad weather
so, observations were made in specimens collected on August 30th and keept
in aquaria with running seawater.
<p>8:45 - 9:20 p.m <i>M. franksi</i>
<p>10:30 - 11:10 p.m. <i>M.annularis</i>
<p>11:00 - 11:50 p.m. <i>M.faveolata</i>
<p>Saludos,
<p>EW.<font color="#000000"><font size=-1>Dr. Ernesto Weil</font></font>
<br><font color="#000000"><font size=-1>Depart. of Marine Sciences, UPR</font></font>
<br><font color="#000000"><font size=-1>PO BOX 908 Lajas PR 00667</font></font>
<br><font color="#000000"><font size=-1>Ph. (787) 899-2048 x. 241</font></font>
<br><font color="#000000"><font size=-1>FAX (787) 899-2630/899-5500.</font></font></blockquote>
</body>
</html>
--------------2C0DA36AB62D4874446DD71F--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Sep  5 10:45:09 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA15206 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 5 Sep 1999 10:45:08 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA26895; Sun, 5 Sep 1999 10:52:23 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma026880; Sun, 5 Sep 99 10:52:05 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sun, 5 Sep 1999 10:48:54 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA86150; Sun, 5 Sep 1999 13:13:17 GMT
Message-Id: <199909051313.NAA86150@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: "Bob Endreson" <bob@westpacfisheries.net>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Date: Fri, 3 Sep 1999 12:08:55 -1000
Organization: Western Pacific Fisheries Coalition
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Bob Endreson" <bob@westpacfisheries.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 539
This is a letter than was just sent to Dr. D. James Baker
http://www.westpacfisheries.net/article22.html and the letter to the
Council http://www.westpacfisheries.net/kittyletter.html regarding the
Coral Reef Ecosystem FMP Essentially the letter is a request to review the
Council process in developing the Coral Reef Ecosystem draft FMP and the
Framework of that FMP.  The system is seriously flawed.  The Council has
violated NEPA, the plan team members are extremely disturbed by the
Council's actions, the public has been lied to and the NMFS/NOAA must
take control of the situation.
It is now clear why the Council is moving at breakneck speed to get this
FMP completed and it is simply about power and money.  They wish to
circumvent the National movement for Coral Reef Ecosystem management and
devise their own plan of action in and of itself.  This plan included
developing a market for live coral which will further deplet EFH.  Those
of us who have spoken with the Plan Team members, the State of Hawaii and
the consultants that the Council have hired can tell you there are serious
problems associated with this process.
Yesterday we learned that at a public meeting in KONA, the Council gave
the public outdated material to comment on.  A draft that has already been
rejected by the Plan Team.  However, the Council was simply trying to get
their NEPA requirements out of the way.  We have also learned that
consultants that were hired by the Council have expressed anger at the way
things were proceeding while others admit to not being qualified.
Please don't misunderstand the intent of our opposition on this issue.
We think the idea of a Coral Reef "Ecosystem" FMP is essential, however,
if the Council can pick and choose what is and what is not part of that
plan and selectively mold their own framework,  this FMP will do little
to protect the US Coral Reefs here in Hawaii.    For more information go
to: www.westpacfisheries.net
 Mahalo
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Sep  5 19:24:01 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id TAA19022 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 5 Sep 1999 19:24:00 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA08830; Sun, 5 Sep 1999 19:29:02 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma008817; Sun, 5 Sep 99 19:28:18 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sun, 5 Sep 1999 19:25:09 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id XAA88454; Sun, 5 Sep 1999 23:07:59 GMT
Received: from xaymaca.uwimona.edu.jm by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id TAA91833; Sun, 5 Sep 1999 19:07:42 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from minotaur.uwimona.edu.jm (minotaur.uwimona.edu.jm [196.3.0.2])
	by xaymaca.uwimona.edu.jm (8.9.0/8.9.0) with SMTP id TAA05866;
	Sun, 5 Sep 1999 19:01:40 -0400 (GMT+4:00)
Received: from earth-sci015 ([196.3.2.41]) by minotaur.uwimona.edu.jm (4.1/SMI-4.1)
	id AA27155; Sun, 5 Sep 99 18:09:01-050
Message-Id: <1.5.4.32.19990905230120.008efc34@minotaur.uwimona.edu.jm>
X-Sender: woodley@minotaur.uwimona.edu.jm (Unverified)
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Light Version 1.5.4 (32)
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Date: Sun, 05 Sep 1999 19:01:20 -0400
To: Ben Haskell <ben.haskell@noaa.gov>
From: Jeremy Woodley <woodley@uwimona.edu.jm>
Subject: Re: Coral spawning in PR.
Cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jeremy Woodley <woodley@uwimona.edu.jm>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 540
Hi Ben!  In Jamaica, we've been studying the spawning behaviour of some
brittle-stars which takes place at about the same time as the spawning of M.
annularis.  We have also seen a brittle-star which comes out only,
apparently, to feed, and which gorges on coral gamete bundles.  Here (and
probably in Florida also) it is Ophioblenna antillensis.
Jeremy
At 05:10 PM 9/3/1999 -0400, you wrote:
>Spawning report from the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary:
>
>D. strigosa spawned last night (9/2) around 1130 pm. An ophiurid was
>observed catching and eating coral gametes. Stay tuned for more
>reports.......
>
>Ernesto Weil wrote:
>
>>  Dear colleagues, spawning of Montastraea spp. occurred right on time
>> this year in Puerto Rico. Here are my observations:
>>
>> September 1st (6 days after the full moon):
>>
>> 7:55 - 8:40 p.m. M. franksi and M. cavernosa
>>
>> 10:30 - 11:10 p.m. M. annularis and M. faveolata
>>
>> M.annularis started to spawn before M.faveolata, then they overlapped
>> for about ? hour, M.annularis stopped and M.faveolata continued to
>> spawn afterward for a short period of time.
>>
>> September 2nd. (7 days after the fool moon) : bad weather so,
>> observations were made in specimens collected on August 30th and keept
>> in aquaria with running seawater.
>>
>> 8:45 - 9:20 p.m M. franksi
>>
>> 10:30 - 11:10 p.m. M.annularis
>>
>> 11:00 - 11:50 p.m. M.faveolata
>>
>> Saludos,
>>
>> EW.Dr. Ernesto Weil
>> Depart. of Marine Sciences, UPR
>> PO BOX 908 Lajas PR 00667
>> Ph. (787) 899-2048 x. 241
>> FAX (787) 899-2630/899-5500.
><!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en">
><html>
><body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
>Spawning report from the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary:
><p><i>D. strigosa</i> spawned last night (9/2) around 1130 pm. An ophiurid
>was observed catching and eating coral gametes. Stay tuned for more
reports.......
><p>Ernesto Weil wrote:
><blockquote TYPE=CITE>&nbsp;Dear colleagues, spawning of <i>Montastraea</i>
>spp. occurred right on time this year in Puerto Rico. Here are my observations:
><p>September 1<sup>st</sup> (6 days after the full moon):
><p>7:55 - 8:40 p.m. <i>M. franksi</i> and <i>M. cavernosa</i>
><p>10:30 - 11:10 p.m. <i>M. annularis</i> and <i>M. faveolata</i>
><p><i>M.annularis</i> started to spawn before <i>M.faveolata</i>, then
>they overlapped for about ? hour, <i>M.annularis</i> stopped and
<i>M.faveolata</i>
>continued to spawn afterward for a short period of time.
><p>September 2<sup>nd</sup>. (7 days after the fool moon) : bad weather
>so, observations were made in specimens collected on August 30th and keept
>in aquaria with running seawater.
><p>8:45 - 9:20 p.m <i>M. franksi</i>
><p>10:30 - 11:10 p.m. <i>M.annularis</i>
><p>11:00 - 11:50 p.m. <i>M.faveolata</i>
><p>Saludos,
><p>EW.<font color="#000000"><font size=-1>Dr. Ernesto Weil</font></font>
><br><font color="#000000"><font size=-1>Depart. of Marine Sciences,
UPR</font></font>
><br><font color="#000000"><font size=-1>PO BOX 908 Lajas PR 00667</font></font>
><br><font color="#000000"><font size=-1>Ph. (787) 899-2048 x. 241</font></font>
><br><font color="#000000"><font size=-1>FAX (787)
899-2630/899-5500.</font></font></blockquote>
>
></body>
></html>
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep  6 13:11:14 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA26698 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 6 Sep 1999 13:11:14 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA00397; Mon, 6 Sep 1999 13:18:29 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma000374; Mon, 6 Sep 99 13:18:14 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 6 Sep 1999 13:15:16 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA97595; Mon, 6 Sep 1999 17:04:26 GMT
Received: from mail.whoi.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA84924; Mon, 6 Sep 1999 13:04:16 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from whoi.edu ([128.128.20.247]) by mail.whoi.edu
          (Netscape Messaging Server 3.6)  with ESMTP id AAA1D4E
          for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>;
          Mon, 6 Sep 1999 13:04:04 -0400
Message-Id: <37D41F64.27165B28@whoi.edu>
Date: Mon, 06 Sep 1999 13:09:08 -0700
From: acohen@whoi.edu (Anne Cohen)
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.08 [en] (Win98; I)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: looking for Elizabeth Gladfelter
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: acohen@whoi.edu (Anne Cohen)
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 541
Hello All
I would like to contact Elizabeth Gladfelter whose telephone number as
listed in the CHAMP coral researchers directory is no longer valid.  I
would greatly appreciate an email address or telephone number,
many thanks
Anne.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep  6 17:19:20 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA28990 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 6 Sep 1999 17:19:20 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA06637; Mon, 6 Sep 1999 17:26:37 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma006617; Mon, 6 Sep 99 17:25:49 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 6 Sep 1999 17:22:41 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA85978; Mon, 6 Sep 1999 21:15:59 GMT
Received: from hpamgaaa.compuserve.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA94398; Mon, 6 Sep 1999 17:15:50 -0400 (EDT)
Received: (from mailgate@localhost)
	by hpamgaaa.compuserve.com (8.8.8/8.8.8/HP-1.8) id RAA27707
	for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Mon, 6 Sep 1999 17:15:40 -0400 (EDT)
Date: Mon, 6 Sep 1999 17:14:14 -0400
From: Harry McCarty <McCarty_and_Peters@compuserve.com>
Subject: Preliminary Announcement
To: Coral Reef List Server <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Message-Id: <199909061714_MC2-83BA-FC0E@compuserve.com>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	 charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Disposition: inline
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Harry McCarty <McCarty_and_Peters@compuserve.com>
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id RAA28990
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 542
                Coral Tissue Slide Reading Workshop
Dear List,
I plan to offer a workshop on reading histoslides of coral tissues sometime
during the winter or spring of 2000.
The workshop will be held at the Registry of Tumors in Lower Animals,
George Washington University, Washington, DC, to take advantage of the
6-headed teaching microscope there (thus, each session is limited to five
participants).
The workshop is planned for 2 1/2 to 3 days and will probably begin or end
on Saturday or Sunday.  Dates are flexible, and will be arranged depending
on participants' travel plans.
Lecture and slide-reading sessions will alternate, to cover the following
topics:
Introduction to histology and histopathology
Techniques for the preparation of coral tissues for light and electron
microscopic examination
Coral anatomy and histology
Coral diseases
Participants are encouraged to bring their own histoslides for discussion,
if they have prepared any, and are expected to make a brief presentation on
their own coral research (physiology, symbioses, pathology, toxicology,
microbiology, etc.)  Scleractinian corals will be the primary focus, but
other tropical cnidarian groups could also be discussed.
Cost of the workshop is minimal, but travel to/from Washington, DC, meals,
and hotel must be paid for by the participant (Note: I do not have access
to any travel funds; this must be arranged by each participant).
Please let me know if you are interested in attending.  (DO NOT REPLY TO
THE CORAL-LIST, send to: mccarty_and_peters@compuserve.com)
I will provide further notices as plans progress to all who express an
interest.
Dr. Esther Peters
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Sep  7 14:36:00 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA18061 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 7 Sep 1999 14:35:59 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA04027; Tue, 7 Sep 1999 14:43:15 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma003989; Tue, 7 Sep 99 14:43:10 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 7 Sep 1999 14:32:06 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA03336; Tue, 7 Sep 1999 17:50:49 GMT
Received: from diablo.hchb.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA98564; Tue, 7 Sep 1999 13:50:37 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from hdq.noaa.gov ([140.90.150.222]) by diablo.hchb.noaa.gov
          (Netscape Messaging Server 3.62)  with ESMTP id 473
          for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>;
          Tue, 7 Sep 1999 13:40:28 -0400
Message-Id: <37D54F19.A3F32B8E@hdq.noaa.gov>
Date: Tue, 07 Sep 1999 13:44:58 -0400
From: "Roger B Griffis" <Roger.B.Griffis@noaa.gov>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en] (Win95; U)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Coral list <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: U.S. Ocean Report
Content-Type: multipart/mixed;
 boundary="------------5E9F64F8DB93AB7FDC8421CF"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Roger B Griffis" <Roger.B.Griffis@hdq.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 543
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
--------------5E9F64F8DB93AB7FDC8421CF
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
- Apologies for cross-postings -
U.S. Ocean Report Released
Last week U.S. federal agencies submitted the first National Ocean
Report to the President entitled "Turning to the Sea: American's Ocean
Future".  The report from the Cabinet responds to President Clinton's
request at the National Ocean Conference (June 1998) for recommendations
on a coordinated, focused, long-term federal ocean policy.
The Report contains nearly 150 recommended actions to protect, restore,
and explore America's ocean resources (including coral reefs). The Vice
President, in accepting the report, launched a high-level task force to
oversee implementation of key recommendations.
The report is available on-line at
www.publicaffairs.noaa.com
or by sending an email with your name and address to
Robert.C.Hansen@hdq.noaa.gov
Thank you.
__________________________
From: "The White House" <Publications-Admin@Pub.Pub.WhiteHouse.Gov>,
on
09/03/1999 5:20 PM:
To: internet[<Public-Distribution@pub.pub.whitehouse.gov>]
                            THE WHITE HOUSE
                     Office of the Press Secretary
________________________________________________________________________
For Immediate Release                                  September 2,
1999
                        REPORT FROM THE CABINET:
                  AN OCEAN POLICY FOR THE 21ST CENTURY
                           September 2, 1999
At the National Ocean Conference last year in Monterey, President
Clinton directed the Cabinet to report back with recommendations for
a
comprehensive ocean policy to guide federal efforts in the 21st
century.
In a report presented today to Vice President Al Gore, entitled
"Turning
to the Sea: American's Ocean Future," the Cabinet recommends nearly
150
actions to protect, restore, and explore America's ocean resources.
The
Vice President, in accepting the report, launched a high-level task
force to oversee implementation of key recommendations.
Recommendations from the Cabinet include:
Sustaining Economic Benefits
-    Create new incentives to reduce overfishing, allowing fish
stocks
to recover and become more commercially viable.
-    Develop guidelines for environmentally sound and sustainable
aquaculture and promote domestic and international compliance with
them.
-    Increase support for sustainable harvesting and testing of
marine
resources with potential pharmaceutical benefits.
-    Help state, local and tribal governments adopt and implement
sustainable development plans for coastal zones.
Maintaining Global Security
-    Work with the Senate to ensure that the United States joins the
Law
of the Sea Convention as soon as possible.
-    Improve U.S. capability to conduct surveillance, detection,
identification, classification, and interdiction of maritime threats
before they reach U.S. shores.
-    Coordinate initiatives to maintain and exercise freedom of
navigation.
Protecting Marine Resources
-    Coordinate federal programs with "smart growth" initiatives at
the
local level.
-    Coordinate efforts among federal agencies to effectively address
polluted runoff and other sources of coastal pollution.
-    Strengthen efforts to protect and restore essential fish habitat
as
required by the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management
Act.
-    Examine the concept of marine wilderness areas and its
application
to U.S. marine protected areas.
Discovering the Oceans
-    Improve coordination of data collection among coastal,
open-ocean
and seafloor observation stations and expand their data gathering
capabilities.
-    Integrate relevant ocean science disciplines to advance basic
and
applied research in ocean and coastal issues.
-    Support expansion of underwater exploration by federal agencies
and
through private exploration initiatives.
-    Establish a nationally coordinated effort to improve and promote
ocean science education.
To oversee implementation of the Cabinet recommendations, the Vice
President announced a new high-level Oceans Report Task Force.  The
Task
Force will prioritize the recommendations, appoint lead agencies for
implementation of key recommendations, and meet quarterly to review
progress.  The Task Force will be co-chaired by the Chair of the
Council
on Environmental Quality and the Deputy National Security Advisor and
will include high-level representatives of agencies with
responsibility
for ocean affairs.
                                 # # #
--------------5E9F64F8DB93AB7FDC8421CF
Content-Type: text/x-vcard; charset=us-ascii;
 name="Roger.B.Griffis.vcf"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Description: Card for Roger B Griffis
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename="Roger.B.Griffis.vcf"
begin:vcard
n:Griffis;Roger
tel;pager:1-800-701-4837
tel;fax:202-501-3024
tel;work:202-482-5034
x-mozilla-html:FALSE
org:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration;U.S. Department of Commerce
version:2.1
email;internet:Roger.B.Griffis@hdq.noaa.gov
title:Office of Policy and Strategic Planning
adr;quoted-printable:;;14th and Constitution Ave NW=0D=0AHCHB Rm 6117;Washington;DC;20230;USA
fn:Roger B. Griffis
end:vcard
--------------5E9F64F8DB93AB7FDC8421CF--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Sep  7 14:36:01 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA18069 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 7 Sep 1999 14:36:00 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA04025; Tue, 7 Sep 1999 14:43:16 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma003955; Tue, 7 Sep 99 14:42:53 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 7 Sep 1999 14:29:19 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA06309; Tue, 7 Sep 1999 17:55:40 GMT
Received: from radagast.wizard.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA02869; Tue, 7 Sep 1999 13:55:35 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from [206.161.15.72] (tc1-s42.wizard.net [206.161.15.72])
	by radagast.wizard.net (8.8.7/8.8.7) with SMTP id NAA18067;
	Tue, 7 Sep 1999 13:55:32 -0400
Message-Id: <199909071755.NAA18067@radagast.wizard.net>
Subject: Nicaragua - Pacific
Date: Tue, 7 Sep 99 13:55:10 -0400
x-sender: sjameson@mail.wizard.net
x-mailer: Claris Emailer 2.0, March 15, 1997
From: Stephen C Jameson <sjameson@coralseas.com>
To: "Coral-List" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>,
        "Net Coast" <netcoast@postkamer.minvenw.nl>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Stephen C Jameson <sjameson@coralseas.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 544
Dear All,
I am preparing a chapter on Nicaragua (Pacific) for the new book "Seas at
the Millennium" (www.elsevier.nl/locate/seas).
I would greatly appreciate a note from anyone who has knowledge or
references (especially grey literature) regarding marine research,
monitoring or management from the Pacific coast of Nicaragua.
Thanks!!
Best regards,
Dr. Stephen C. Jameson, President
Coral Seas Inc. - Integrated Coastal Zone Management
4254 Hungry Run Road, The Plains, VA  20198-1715  USA
Office:  703-754-8690, Fax:  703-754-9139
Email:  sjameson@coralseas.com
Web Site:  www.coralseas.com
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Sep  7 15:41:42 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA19932 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 7 Sep 1999 15:41:41 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA09686; Tue, 7 Sep 1999 15:48:56 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma009632; Tue, 7 Sep 99 15:48:32 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 7 Sep 1999 15:30:54 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA04271; Tue, 7 Sep 1999 19:18:33 GMT
Received: from mail.whoi.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id PAA06174; Tue, 7 Sep 1999 15:18:22 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from whoi.edu ([128.128.20.247]) by mail.whoi.edu
          (Netscape Messaging Server 3.6)  with ESMTP id AAA61ED
          for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>;
          Tue, 7 Sep 1999 15:18:05 -0400
Message-Id: <37D5904F.7252643E@whoi.edu>
Date: Tue, 07 Sep 1999 15:23:11 -0700
From: acohen@whoi.edu (Anne Cohen)
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.08 [en] (Win98; I)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Found Elizabeth Gladfelter!
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: acohen@whoi.edu (Anne Cohen)
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 545
Hi All
I found Dr Gladfelter right here in Woods Hole, under my very nose!
For those who asked, she's a guest investigator in the Marine Policy
Center at WHOI, mailstop #44.
email: egladfelter@whoi.edu
Thanks everyone for your help!
Anne
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Sep  7 17:11:28 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA23578 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 7 Sep 1999 17:11:27 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA18555; Tue, 7 Sep 1999 17:18:46 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma018503; Tue, 7 Sep 99 17:17:42 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 7 Sep 1999 16:58:11 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA97264; Tue, 7 Sep 1999 20:48:40 GMT
Received: from diablo.hchb.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA06517; Tue, 7 Sep 1999 16:48:31 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from hdq.noaa.gov ([140.90.150.222]) by diablo.hchb.noaa.gov
          (Netscape Messaging Server 3.62)  with ESMTP id 570
          for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>;
          Tue, 7 Sep 1999 16:37:57 -0400
Message-Id: <37D578B2.CB35BB1C@hdq.noaa.gov>
Date: Tue, 07 Sep 1999 16:42:26 -0400
From: "Roger B Griffis" <Roger.B.Griffis@noaa.gov>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en] (Win95; U)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Coral list <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Re: U.S. Ocean Report - correction
References: <37D54F19.A3F32B8E@hdq.noaa.gov>
Content-Type: multipart/mixed;
 boundary="------------B53B2C9E19A3D36B90969F16"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Roger B Griffis" <Roger.B.Griffis@hdq.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 546
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
--------------B53B2C9E19A3D36B90969F16
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Correction - web site for U.S. ocean report was incorrected listed in
previous email.  Correct address is:
www.publicaffairs.noaa.gov
_____________________
Roger B Griffis wrote:
> - Apologies for cross-postings -
>
> U.S. Ocean Report Released
>
> Last week U.S. federal agencies submitted the first National Ocean
> Report to the President entitled "Turning to the Sea: American's Ocean
> Future".  The report from the Cabinet responds to President Clinton's
> request at the National Ocean Conference (June 1998) for recommendations
> on a coordinated, focused, long-term federal ocean policy.
>
> The Report contains nearly 150 recommended actions to protect, restore,
> and explore America's ocean resources (including coral reefs). The Vice
> President, in accepting the report, launched a high-level task force to
> oversee implementation of key recommendations.
>
> The report is available on-line at
>
> www.publicaffairs.noaa.com
>
> or by sending an email with your name and address to
>
> Robert.C.Hansen@hdq.noaa.gov
>
> Thank you.
> __________________________
> From: "The White House" <Publications-Admin@Pub.Pub.WhiteHouse.Gov>,
> on
> 09/03/1999 5:20 PM:
> To: internet[<Public-Distribution@pub.pub.whitehouse.gov>]
>
>                             THE WHITE HOUSE
>
>                      Office of the Press Secretary
>
> ________________________________________________________________________
>
> For Immediate Release                                  September 2,
> 1999
>
>                         REPORT FROM THE CABINET:
>                   AN OCEAN POLICY FOR THE 21ST CENTURY
>                            September 2, 1999
>
> At the National Ocean Conference last year in Monterey, President
> Clinton directed the Cabinet to report back with recommendations for
> a
> comprehensive ocean policy to guide federal efforts in the 21st
> century.
> In a report presented today to Vice President Al Gore, entitled
> "Turning
> to the Sea: American's Ocean Future," the Cabinet recommends nearly
> 150
> actions to protect, restore, and explore America's ocean resources.
> The
> Vice President, in accepting the report, launched a high-level task
> force to oversee implementation of key recommendations.
>
> Recommendations from the Cabinet include:
>
> Sustaining Economic Benefits
> -    Create new incentives to reduce overfishing, allowing fish
> stocks
> to recover and become more commercially viable.
> -    Develop guidelines for environmentally sound and sustainable
> aquaculture and promote domestic and international compliance with
> them.
> -    Increase support for sustainable harvesting and testing of
> marine
> resources with potential pharmaceutical benefits.
> -    Help state, local and tribal governments adopt and implement
> sustainable development plans for coastal zones.
>
> Maintaining Global Security
> -    Work with the Senate to ensure that the United States joins the
> Law
> of the Sea Convention as soon as possible.
> -    Improve U.S. capability to conduct surveillance, detection,
> identification, classification, and interdiction of maritime threats
> before they reach U.S. shores.
> -    Coordinate initiatives to maintain and exercise freedom of
> navigation.
>
> Protecting Marine Resources
> -    Coordinate federal programs with "smart growth" initiatives at
> the
> local level.
> -    Coordinate efforts among federal agencies to effectively address
> polluted runoff and other sources of coastal pollution.
> -    Strengthen efforts to protect and restore essential fish habitat
> as
> required by the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management
> Act.
> -    Examine the concept of marine wilderness areas and its
> application
> to U.S. marine protected areas.
>
> Discovering the Oceans
> -    Improve coordination of data collection among coastal,
> open-ocean
> and seafloor observation stations and expand their data gathering
> capabilities.
> -    Integrate relevant ocean science disciplines to advance basic
> and
> applied research in ocean and coastal issues.
> -    Support expansion of underwater exploration by federal agencies
> and
> through private exploration initiatives.
> -    Establish a nationally coordinated effort to improve and promote
> ocean science education.
>
> To oversee implementation of the Cabinet recommendations, the Vice
> President announced a new high-level Oceans Report Task Force.  The
> Task
> Force will prioritize the recommendations, appoint lead agencies for
> implementation of key recommendations, and meet quarterly to review
> progress.  The Task Force will be co-chaired by the Chair of the
> Council
> on Environmental Quality and the Deputy National Security Advisor and
> will include high-level representatives of agencies with
> responsibility
> for ocean affairs.
>
>                                  # # #
--------------B53B2C9E19A3D36B90969F16
Content-Type: text/x-vcard; charset=us-ascii;
 name="Roger.B.Griffis.vcf"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Description: Card for Roger B Griffis
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename="Roger.B.Griffis.vcf"
begin:vcard
n:Griffis;Roger
tel;pager:1-800-701-4837
tel;fax:202-501-3024
tel;work:202-482-5034
x-mozilla-html:FALSE
org:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration;U.S. Department of Commerce
version:2.1
email;internet:Roger.B.Griffis@hdq.noaa.gov
title:Office of Policy and Strategic Planning
adr;quoted-printable:;;14th and Constitution Ave NW=0D=0AHCHB Rm 6117;Washington;DC;20230;USA
fn:Roger B. Griffis
end:vcard
--------------B53B2C9E19A3D36B90969F16--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Sep  7 17:21:59 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA23769 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 7 Sep 1999 17:21:59 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA19182; Tue, 7 Sep 1999 17:27:03 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma019129; Tue, 7 Sep 99 17:26:39 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 7 Sep 1999 17:23:39 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA07513; Tue, 7 Sep 1999 21:19:03 GMT
Received: from vxe.ocis.uncwil.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA83485; Tue, 7 Sep 1999 17:18:53 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from szmanta.bio.uncwil.edu by uncwil.edu (PMDF V5.1-12 #28112)
 with SMTP id <01JFP3CTRUDSFJE9U3@uncwil.edu> for
 coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Tue, 7 Sep 1999 17:18:43 EDT
Date: Tue, 07 Sep 1999 17:06:44 -0400
From: "Alina M. Szmant" <szmanta@uncwil.edu>
Subject: COMMUNITY DYNAMICS OF CORAL REEF ALGAE:  Special Issue of Coral Reefs
X-Sender: szmanta@pop.uncwil.edu
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Message-Id: <3.0.32.19990907170644.006ed160@pop.uncwil.edu>
MIME-version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0 (32)
Content-type: text/enriched; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Alina M. Szmant" <szmanta@uncwil.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 547
The following announcement was published in Issue Number 3, Vol 18 of
<italic>Coral Reefs</italic>.  Here's an electronic copy of the
announcment so that those of you interested in submitting papers can
begin planning.   Please pass on this information to other potential
contributors that may not suscribe to Coral List.
Many thanks,
Alina M. Szmant
Biological Editor of <italic>Coral Reefs
*****************************************************************************
</italic><bold>Special Issue on <italic>COMMUNITY DYNAMICS OF CORAL REEF
ALGAE
The deadline for recipt of submissions is December 1, 1999
</italic></bold><italic>
</italic>The Editors of <italic>Coral Reefs</italic> invite submission of
manuscripts on the
processes underlying the dynamics of algae on coral reefs.  It has long
been recognized that productivity by benthic turfing and fleshy algae
is
essential to the ecology and trophodynamics of coral reefs, even though
the
biomass of these algae is often low.  There has been a gradual
broadening
in our understanding of coral reef algal dynamics over the past thirty
years: low algal biomass was initially attributed to the often low
nutrient
concentrations of tropical coral reef waters, the so-called 'paradox of
the
reef'.  Subsequent research added the concept of  'nutrient regulation'
of
algal communities, and the focus shifted to identifying previously
unrecognised nutrient sources, and to the role of  nutrient recycling
in
sustaining high rates of algal production.  More recent research
recognized
additionally the critical importance of high rates of herbivory in
controlling algal communities and biomass, and in stimulating higher
rates
of algal production. Within the past decade or more, dramatic increases
in
algal abundance have been widely reported, particularly on Caribbean
coral
reefs, suggesting that major changes in coral reef ecosystem function
have
occurred.
The purpose of this special issue is to bring together studies that can
further our understanding of how natural processes (e.g. upwelling,
herbivory, territoriality in damselfishes) and  anthropogenic factors
(e.g.
nutrification, fishing) contribute to the dynamics of algal assemblages
on
coral reefs.  Especially of interest are well-documented reports on the
causes of  algal blooms, the interplay between multiple factors
affecting
algal community structure and production, and coral-algal interactions.
Reviews, case studies and reef sites will be selected based on the
quality
of the science and the new insight they bring to understanding relevant
processes.
The special issue (approximately 12-15 manuscripts) will be published
in
mid-2000.  It would be appreciated for planning purposes if prospective
authors
notify the Biological Editor,  Alina M. Szmant by email
<bold>(szmanta@uncwil.edu)</bold>
or fax (1-910-962-4066) of their planned submission.  To ensure timely
publication, manuscripts
should be submitted as soon as possible (but no later than December 1,
1999)
to any of the editors of this special issue
Alina M. Szmant
Department of Biology
University of North Carolina Wilmington
601 S. College Rd
Wilmington NC 28403 USA
EMAIL:  szmanta@uncwil.edu
Laurence McCook
Australian Institute of Marine Science
PMB 3 Townsville MC, Qld, 4810,
Australia.
EMAIL:  l.mccook@aims.gov.au
Robert C. Carpenter
Department of Biology
California State University
Northridge, CA  91330-8303
(818) 677-3256
(818) 677-2034 FAX
EMAIL:  robert.carpenter@csun.edu
Margaret W. Miller
NMFS/SEFSC
75 Virginia Beach Dr.
Miami, FL 33149
305-361-4561
305-361-4562 (FAX)
EMAIL:  margaret.w.miller@noaa.gov
<bold><bigger><bigger>Format for preparation and submission of
manuscripts is the same as for regular submission.  For further details
on manuscript preparation please consult the Instructions for authors
(inside cover of the journal or http://LINK.springer.de).
</bigger></bigger></bold>
*******************************************************************
PRESENT ADDRESS:
Dr. Alina M. Szmant
Professor of Marine Biology
Department of Biological Sciences
University of North Carolina at Wilmington
601 South College Road
Wilmington  NC  28403
tel:  (910)962-7574  fax:  (910)962-4066
email:  szmanta@uncwil.edu
******************************************************************
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Sep  8 12:26:51 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA09826 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 8 Sep 1999 12:26:50 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA09030; Wed, 8 Sep 1999 12:31:53 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma008907; Wed, 8 Sep 99 12:30:54 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 8 Sep 1999 12:26:45 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA12763; Wed, 8 Sep 1999 16:07:17 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA03385; Wed, 8 Sep 1999 12:07:06 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA06607; Wed, 8 Sep 1999 12:09:55 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma006589; Wed, 8 Sep 99 12:09:40 -0400
Received: from pangea (pangea [172.16.105.79])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA09239 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 8 Sep 1999 12:04:34 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <005801befa15$7f20b620$4f6910ac@pangea.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: "Gina Morisseau-Leroy" <gmoriss@aoml.noaa.gov>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Fw: HELP!
Date: Wed, 8 Sep 1999 12:16:24 -0400
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.3110.5
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Gina Morisseau-Leroy" <gmoriss@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 548
    Dear Coral-Listers,
    I received this request recently.  I have had no success in locating
this scientist through the few channels I have.  If you know the contact
information for Mr. Carlos Garcia-Saez, could you please send it to Mr.
Markels and CC me as well?
    Thank you for any assistance you can provide.
    Sincerely,
    Gina Morisseau-Leroy
    gmoriss@aoml.noaa.gov
     Webmaster for OCD and CHAMP
    NOAA/AOML/OCD
-----Original Message-----
From: Alex Markels <alexm@email.com>
To: gmoriss@aoml.noaa.gov <gmoriss@aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Tuesday, September 07, 1999 2:44 PM
Subject: HELP!
>I'm a magazine writer for National Geographic who interviewed Carlos
>Garcia-Saez, a scientist with the Honduras Coral Reef Fund, while
>researching a story on the Bay Islands. I've been unable to contact him
>since, as the email address he gave me appears nonfunctional. I saw a
>listing on your site for him in Mexico, although he told me that he now
>splits his time between Miami and Cayos Cochinos, Honduras. Do you have any
>updated contact information for this gentleman? Or can you point me to
>someone who might?
>
>Thanks in advance for your help,
>
>Alex Markels
>alexm@email.com
>970-827-9503
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Sep  8 16:12:37 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA16427 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 8 Sep 1999 16:12:36 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA08624; Wed, 8 Sep 1999 16:19:53 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma008574; Wed, 8 Sep 99 16:19:50 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 8 Sep 1999 16:00:40 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA09639; Wed, 8 Sep 1999 19:37:16 GMT
Received: from imo15.mx.aol.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	 id PAA12073; Wed, 8 Sep 1999 15:37:10 -0400 (EDT)
From: CoralReefA@aol.com
Received: from CoralReefA@aol.com
	by imo15.mx.aol.com (mail_out_v22.4.) id gCYSa07437 (4333);
	Wed, 8 Sep 1999 15:35:53 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <c052d495.25081499@aol.com>
Date: Wed, 8 Sep 1999 15:35:53 EDT
Subject: Caution Re:  Int.'l Conference on Marine Tourism and Coral ReefConservation
To: reef99@uninet.net.id, owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov,
        coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Mailer: AOL 3.0.1 for Mac sub 84
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: CoralReefA@aol.com
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 549
In a message dated 9/2/99 4:18:14 AM, reef99@uninet.net.id wrote:
<<INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE on  MARINE TOURISM AND CORAL REEF CONSERVATION
Bali International Convention Center (BICC)
BALI =96 INDONESIA,  December 1 - 3, 1999>>
Dear Coral-listers,
Although many reputable and honorable people are listed as the organizers and
sponsors of this conference, and I do not have any first hand information
about the conference, I became a little uncomfortable when I contacted two of
the speakers listed in the proposed program schedule on the website and
neither of them -- to their knowledge -- had even been contacted by the
conference organizers and they certainly had not agreed to participate as
speakers.  Perhaps this was just an oversight by the person creating the
website, but I believe the conference organizers should clarify who has
agreed to participate in the Conference as a speaker before listing them on
the proposed program.
The topic of Marine Tourism and Coral Reef Conservation is a very important
one that needs a great deal of discussion and action, and a conference like
this could play a very important role, but we need to avoid needless
misunderstandings and disappointment by promising more than may be delivered.
It would be very useful if the conference organizers could confirm by email
the speakers who have definitely agreed to participate and specify in their
website who is confirmed and who is not.
Sincerely,
Stephen Colwell
Executive Director
CORAL - The Coral Reef Alliance
"Working together to keep coral reefs alive"
Address: 64 Shattuck Square, Suite 220
Berkeley, CA 94704
tel:  510-848-0110
fax: 510-848-3720
email: SColwell@coral.org
web site: www.coral.org
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Sep  8 20:22:39 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id UAA19738 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 8 Sep 1999 20:22:38 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA25569; Wed, 8 Sep 1999 20:29:56 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma025555; Wed, 8 Sep 99 20:29:12 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 8 Sep 1999 20:26:05 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id AAA10344; Thu, 9 Sep 1999 00:18:40 GMT
Received: from online.tmx.com.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id UAA93005; Wed, 8 Sep 1999 20:18:32 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from [203.22.224.100] (amsg.austmus.gov.au [203.22.224.100]) by online.tmx.com.au (8.8.8/8.8.8) with SMTP id KAA21503 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Thu, 9 Sep 1999 10:18:11 +1000 (EST)
Received: from AMGIS by [203.22.224.100]
          via smtpd (for online.tmx.com.au [192.150.129.1]) with SMTP; 9 Sep 1999 00:12:19 UT
Received: from 172.16.0.3 by amgis.austmus.gov.au (InterScan E-Mail VirusWall NT); Thu, 09 Sep 1999 10:16:44 +1000 (Sydney Standard Time)
Received: from ccMail by amsg.austmus.gov.au
  (IMA Internet Exchange 2.12 Enterprise) id 0008A32A; Thu, 9 Sep 1999 10:31:43 +1100
Mime-Version: 1.0
Date: Thu, 9 Sep 1999 10:05:53 +1100
Message-Id: <0008A32A.3204@amsg.austmus.gov.au>
From: lizard@amsg.austmus.gov.au (lizard)
Subject: Lizard Island Doctoral Fellowship
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Description: cc:Mail note part
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: lizard@amsg.austmus.gov.au (lizard)
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 550
    This is a reminder that applications for the 2000 Lizard Island
    Doctoral Fellowship close on 1 October 1999.  For information, see
      http://www.austmus.gov.au/science/projects/lizard/lizfello.htm
    __________________________________________________________________
    Dr Anne Hoggett and Dr Lyle Vail, Directors
    Lizard Island Research Station
    PMB 37
    Cairns QLD 4871
    Australia
    Phone and fax: + 61 (0)7 4060-3977
    lizard@amsg.austmus.gov.au
    http://www.austmus.gov.au/science/projects/lizard/
    __________________________________________________________________
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Sep  8 21:20:42 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id VAA20227 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 8 Sep 1999 21:20:41 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA26688; Wed, 8 Sep 1999 21:25:45 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma026669; Wed, 8 Sep 99 21:25:12 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 8 Sep 1999 21:22:10 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id BAA04344; Thu, 9 Sep 1999 01:14:38 GMT
Received: from tula.cura.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id VAA17560; Wed, 8 Sep 1999 21:14:26 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from cura.net (dppp146.cura.net [209.58.20.246])
	by tula.cura.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id VAA19818
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 8 Sep 1999 21:11:15 -0400 (GMT-0400)
Message-Id: <37D70DE5.DEF27952@cura.net>
Date: Wed, 08 Sep 1999 21:31:18 -0400
From: Reef Care =?iso-8859-1?Q?Cura=E7ao?= <reefcare@cura.net>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.61 [en] (Win98; I)
X-Accept-Language: en
To: Coral List <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: [Fwd: Reef Health]
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Reef Care =?iso-8859-1?Q?Cura=E7ao?= <reefcare@cura.net>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/mixed;
  boundary="------------5C625FFC1B04394DCB676EFC"
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 551
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
--------------5C625FFC1B04394DCB676EFC
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
--------------5C625FFC1B04394DCB676EFC
Content-Type: message/rfc822
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
Content-Disposition: inline
>From milvomil@cura.net  Tue Sep  7 17: 39:19 1999
Received: from cura.net (dppp130.cura.net [209.58.20.230])
	by tula.cura.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id RAA26112
	for <reefcare@cura.net>; Tue, 7 Sep 1999 17:39:17 -0400 (GMT-0400)
Message-ID: <37D586B6.A53BE95E@cura.net>
Date: Tue, 07 Sep 1999 17:42:33 -0400
From: Paul Hoetjes <milvomil@cura.net>
Organization: Sectie MINA, Dept. VOMIL
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.61 [en] (Win98; I)
X-Accept-Language: en
To: Reef Care =?iso-8859-1?Q?Cura=E7ao?= <reefcare@cura.net>
Subject: Reef Health
X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: Quoted-Printable
The Saba Bank is a 1600 km2 (depth<50 m) sunken atoll, just southwest of
the island of Saba (in the upper arc of the eastern Caribbean islands),
and falls completley within the Economical Fishery Zone of the
Netherlands Antilles. The entire eastern and southeastern edge of the
squarish bank reportedly consists of  well developed coral reef. The
government of the Netherlands Antilles has recently started on a
fisheries survey of the whole bank, and will also need to do an
ecological survey in order to formulate a sustainable management plan
for the area.
In July I had the opportunity to make a few dives on the Bank to get a
very rough impression of the local environment values with the help of
two other marine biologists. One of the dives took place in a coral reef
area and presented an opportunity to get an impression of the health and
the state of the coral reef of the Bank, presumably a pristine area far
from any human impact except for fishing pressure (lobstertraps).
What we found might be of interest to some of you so I've taken the
liberty of posting a very condensed version of our report on the list.
On July 18 on a flat bottom at a depth of 80 ft, close to the eastern
edge of the bank, a well developed reef was encountered. The reef
consisted of large stretches of coral rising up to 8 ft above sand
valleys and sand patches that alternated with the reef, in a kind of
spur and groove formation. A total of 32 coral species were observed.
Many large coral colonies were present, but did not dominate over
smaller sized colonies. In between the corals an unusually dense
(compared to the southern caribbean reefs of Curacao and Bonaire, two
other islands of the Netherlands Antilles) layer of macro algae was
present, composed mainly of Dictyota divaricata, 5-10 cm high, but here
and there Lobophora variegata was dominant. The amount of these macro
algae was striking and would seem to indicate some source of nutrients,
perhaps caused by upwelling along the edge of the Bank.
Many corals suffered from partial mortality, apparently recent (within
the past 3-5 years). Yellow Blotch/Band and Dark-Spot disease were
observed regularly during the dive, but were not rampant. Partial
bleaching was observed in a colony of Dendrogyra cylindrica. From this
very limited impression, the health of this reef seemed in worse state
than similarly well-developed reefs around St. Maarten and Cura=E7ao. For
a pristine reef free of human impact this seems cause for some concern
and warrants more thorough research into the state of health of the
reefs in this area. Regrettably, the ecological mapping and habitat
survey planned for the Bank will probably not allow for much of this
type of research.
Paul Hoetjes, Policy Advisor, Netherlands Antilles Government
Mark Vermeij, Doctoral thesis research on Madracis
Andy Caballero, Manager St. Maarten Marine Park
--------------5C625FFC1B04394DCB676EFC--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Sep  9 05:59:44 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id FAA24809 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 9 Sep 1999 05:59:43 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id GAA08778; Thu, 9 Sep 1999 06:04:50 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma008763; Thu, 9 Sep 99 06:04:47 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 9 Sep 1999 06:01:41 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id JAA07722; Thu, 9 Sep 1999 09:58:30 GMT
Received: from mail.iol.ie by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id FAA19205; Thu, 9 Sep 1999 05:58:24 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from [194.125.46.61] (dialup-061.athlone.iol.ie [194.125.46.61]) by mail.iol.ie
	  Sendmail (v8.9.3) with ESMTP id KAA04292 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>;
	  Thu, 9 Sep 1999 10:58:14 +0100 (IST)
Message-Id: <199909090958.KAA04292@mail.iol.ie>
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express for Macintosh - 4.01 (295)
Date: Thu, 09 Sep 1999 10:57:14 +0100
Subject: sign off / on instructions
From: "aquafact" <aquafact@iol.ie>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Mime-version: 1.0
X-Priority: 3
Content-type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII"
Content-transfer-encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "aquafact" <aquafact@iol.ie>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 552
Dear Sir,
Please can you send me instructions of how to sign off the list and then resign on using a different
address.  I wish to direct the list mail to specific people within the company.
Thank you,
Nicola Coghlan.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Sep  9 05:59:45 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id FAA24816 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 9 Sep 1999 05:59:44 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id GAA08776; Thu, 9 Sep 1999 06:04:50 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma008762; Thu, 9 Sep 99 06:04:45 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 9 Sep 1999 06:01:41 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id JAA04732; Thu, 9 Sep 1999 09:55:02 GMT
Received: from wwfgate.wwfnet.org by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id FAA17393; Thu, 9 Sep 1999 05:54:55 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by wwfgate.wwfnet.org; id LAA04059; Thu, 9 Sep 1999 11:54:46 +0200 (MET DST)
Received: from wwfsmtp.wwfnet.org(10.99.30.12) by wwfgate.wwfnet.org via smap (3.2)
	id xma004036; Thu, 9 Sep 99 11:54:32 +0200
Received: from WWF-Message_Server by wwfnet.org
	with Novell_GroupWise; Thu, 09 Sep 1999 11:52:37 +0200
Message-Id: <s7d79f85.031@wwfnet.org>
X-Mailer: Novell GroupWise 4.1
Date: Thu, 09 Sep 1999 11:51:52 +0200
From: Susan Wells <SWells@wwfnet.org>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: re-advertisement for marine position
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Susan Wells <SWells@wwfnet.org>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 553
WWF, the world's largest independent conservation organisation with a
global network active in 100 countries, is seeking to recruit a:
MANAGER, MARINE PROGRAMME
based in Gland, Switzerland
The Manager of the Marine Programme will act as the point person on
marine issues for WWF International and will provide leadership to the
WWF Conservation Policy and Regional Programme work on marine
conservation and the sustainable utilization of the seas and marine
resources.  The Manager will coordinate Network action on the WWF
marine strategy, support Network action and provide a Secretariat
function to the Marine Advisory Group Network, which provides policy
guidance and advice on marine issues for the WWF network.  The tasks
will include policy and advocacy work as well as technical and logistical
support to the WWF marine conservation projects around the world.
We require:
	a first degree and preferably a higher degree in a marine-related
field
	a sound knowledge of marine process, coastal zone
management, integrated pollution prevention and control, international
treaties relating to the marine environment, community development
issues relating to coastal communities and the significance of the
land/marine interface;
	at least five years experience in one or more fields of marine
conservation with some proven management experience of multi project
programmes;
	excellent communications skills and credible personal
presentation;
	leadership and drive, teambuilding, diplomacy, and the ability to
build consensus;
	excellent English, other languages a great advantage.
Please send a covering letter with your CV to Miriam Fuhrer, WWF
International, Avenue du Mont Blanc, 1196 Gland.  E-mail:
mfuhrer@wwfnet.org from whom you may also obtain Terms of
Reference.  The closing date for applications is Thursday, 30 September.
_______________________________
Sue Wells
Marine Programme Co-ordinator
WWF International
avenue du Mont-Blanc
1196 Gland  - Switzerland
-----------------------------------------------
Phone: +41 22 364 90 32
Fax: +41 22 364 05 26
email: swells@wwfnet.org
website: http://www.panda.org
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Sep  9 07:29:30 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id HAA25935 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 9 Sep 1999 07:29:29 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA12577; Thu, 9 Sep 1999 07:36:48 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma012523; Thu, 9 Sep 99 07:36:24 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 9 Sep 1999 07:33:24 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id LAA21015; Thu, 9 Sep 1999 11:29:05 GMT
Date: Thu, 9 Sep 1999 11:29:05 GMT
Message-Id: <199909091129.LAA21015@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Eric Treml <Eric.Treml@noaa.gov>
Subject: GIS mini symposium at 9ICRS
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Eric Treml <Eric.Treml@noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 554
[Many apologies for any cross-posting.]
     I am assisting Marji Puotinen in developing a geographic information
systems (GIS) and coral reefs mini symposium proposal to submit to the 9th
International Coral Reef Symposium Committee
(http://www.nova.edu/ocean/9icrs/).  The agenda will be based on the
interests of the people who plan on attending, and be devoted to individual
paper presentations.  The mini symposium may also include a short
introduction to GIS, an update on where the technology is headed, and how
it can be used to advance the study of coral reefs. We will also have a
short joint session with the remote sensing group.
     What we need at this point is a list of people who are interested in
presenting research or attending this mini symposium at the 9ICRS.  Please
respond to this email, BY FRIDAY SEPT. 10, if you are interested in
presenting or attending this mini symposium.  Of course, any comments or
suggestions are appreciated.
Thank you,
Eric & Marji
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Sep  9 07:30:32 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id HAA25953 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 9 Sep 1999 07:30:32 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA12663; Thu, 9 Sep 1999 07:37:50 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma012605; Thu, 9 Sep 99 07:37:22 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 9 Sep 1999 07:34:17 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id LAA17589; Thu, 9 Sep 1999 11:33:37 GMT
Date: Thu, 9 Sep 1999 11:33:37 GMT
Message-Id: <199909091133.LAA17589@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: Reef-99 <reef99@uninet.net.id>
Organization: Coral reef 99
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.03 [en] (Win95; I)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: CoralReefA@aol.com
CC: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Caution Re:  Int.'l Conference on Marine Tourism and Coral Reef	Conservation
References: <c052d495.25081499@aol.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Reef-99 <reef99@uninet.net.id>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 555
Dear Mr. Colwell,
Thank you very very much for your reminder ,we are very sorry for the
mistake in our website.The designer was using an old TENTATIVE PROGRAM
,although we contacted all those speakers by Fax.,but unfortunately no
response of some proposed speakers until today,even we contacted you in
July.  The TENTATIVE PROGRAM will be immediately changed and you will find
more reputable and honorable speakers on the list.
Mr. Colwell, I'm very grateful for your attention on this Conference and
hoop to see you in Bali.
Sincerely,
Ron Scipio
OC Secretary
CoralReefA@aol.com wrote:
> In a message dated 9/2/99 4:18:14 AM, reef99@uninet.net.id wrote:
>
> <<INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE on  MARINE TOURISM AND CORAL REEF CONSERVATION
> Bali International Convention Center (BICC)
> BALI =96 INDONESIA,  December 1 - 3, 1999>>
>
> Dear Coral-listers,
>
> Although many reputable and honorable people are listed as the organizers and
> sponsors of this conference, and I do not have any first hand information
> about the conference, I became a little uncomfortable when I contacted two of
> the speakers listed in the proposed program schedule on the website and
> neither of them -- to their knowledge -- had even been contacted by the
> conference organizers and they certainly had not agreed to participate as
> speakers.  Perhaps this was just an oversight by the person creating the
> website, but I believe the conference organizers should clarify who has
> agreed to participate in the Conference as a speaker before listing them on
> the proposed program.
>
> The topic of Marine Tourism and Coral Reef Conservation is a very important
> one that needs a great deal of discussion and action, and a conference like
> this could play a very important role, but we need to avoid needless
> misunderstandings and disappointment by promising more than may be delivered.
>
> It would be very useful if the conference organizers could confirm by email
> the speakers who have definitely agreed to participate and specify in their
> website who is confirmed and who is not.
>
> Sincerely,
> Stephen Colwell
> Executive Director
> CORAL - The Coral Reef Alliance
>
> "Working together to keep coral reefs alive"
> Address: 64 Shattuck Square, Suite 220
> Berkeley, CA 94704
>
> tel:  510-848-0110
> fax: 510-848-3720
> email: SColwell@coral.org
> web site: www.coral.org
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Sep  9 11:50:44 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA03135 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 9 Sep 1999 11:50:43 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA09848; Thu, 9 Sep 1999 11:58:01 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma009827; Thu, 9 Sep 99 11:57:37 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 9 Sep 1999 11:13:24 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA22502; Thu, 9 Sep 1999 14:33:03 GMT
Received: from mail.caribe.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA21868; Thu, 9 Sep 1999 10:32:53 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from default (ppp216.211dip.netdial.caribe.net [209.91.211.216])
	by mail.caribe.net (8.9.0/8.9.0) with SMTP id KAA17630
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 9 Sep 1999 10:34:19 -0400 (AST)
Message-Id: <001501befacf$ef92c460$d8d35bd1@default>
From: "Ernesto Weil" <eweil@caribe.net>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Coral Spawning in PR
Date: Thu, 9 Sep 1999 10:30:58 -0400
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0012_01BEFAAE.6797AEC0"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.2106.4
X-MIMEOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.2106.4
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Ernesto Weil" <eweil@caribe.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 556
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_0012_01BEFAAE.6797AEC0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Other species that were observed spawning and the dates:
September 3rd. and 4th after 9:00 p.m.
Stephanocoenia intersepta and=20
Diploria strigosa.
No Colpophyllias were observed spawning this period.=20
Saludos, EW.
Dr. Ernesto Weil
Depart. of Marine Sciences, UPR
PO BOX 908 Lajas PR 00667
Ph. (787) 899-2048 x. 241
FAX (787) 899-2630/899-5500.
------=_NextPart_000_0012_01BEFAAE.6797AEC0
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META content=3Dtext/html;charset=3Diso-8859-1 =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D'"MSHTML 4.72.2106.6"' name=3DGENERATOR>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Other species that were observed =
spawning and=20
the dates:</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>September 3rd. and 4th after 9:00=20
p.m.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2><EM>Stephanocoenia intersepta </EM>and </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2><EM></EM><EM>Diploria strigosa.</EM></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>No <EM>Colpophyllias </EM>were =
observed spawning=20
this period. </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>Saludos, EW.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Dr. Ernesto Weil<BR>Depart. of =
Marine Sciences,=20
UPR<BR>PO BOX 908 Lajas PR 00667<BR>Ph. (787) 899-2048 x. 241<BR>FAX =
(787)=20
899-2630/899-5500.</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_000_0012_01BEFAAE.6797AEC0--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Sep  9 12:18:17 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA03929 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 9 Sep 1999 12:18:16 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA11965; Thu, 9 Sep 1999 12:23:20 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma011843; Thu, 9 Sep 99 12:22:48 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 9 Sep 1999 11:42:22 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA18346; Thu, 9 Sep 1999 15:34:26 GMT
Received: from mero.invemar.org.co by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA11997; Thu, 9 Sep 1999 11:34:02 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from salud ([200.25.13.204])
	by mero.invemar.org.co (8.8.7/8.8.7) with SMTP id KAA07803
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 9 Sep 1999 10:34:19 -0500
Message-Id: <005c01befad9$843278a0$cc0d19c8@salud.invemar.org.co>
From: "Lina Maria Barrios Suarez" <linab@invemar.org.co>
To: "coral-list" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: about information
Date: Thu, 9 Sep 1999 10:39:34 -0500
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0059_01BEFAAF.9B3ADEE0"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.3110.5
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Lina Maria Barrios Suarez" <linab@invemar.org.co>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 557
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_0059_01BEFAAF.9B3ADEE0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Good morning everyone:
Please, I need some information about anemones (in general) or/and =
anemones asociated with coral reefs. It Would be very useful to Know:
1-The e-mails of colleagues woking with Caribbean anemones sistematics.
2- Institutes or collections which may have some anemones "tipes" =
(holotipes or similar).
Thanks,
Lina Maria Barrios S=FAarez
------=_NextPart_000_0059_01BEFAAF.9B3ADEE0
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META content=3Dtext/html;charset=3Diso-8859-1 =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D'"MSHTML 4.72.3110.7"' name=3DGENERATOR>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Good morning everyone:</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Please, I need some information =
about anemones=20
(in general) or/and anemones asociated with coral reefs. It Would be =
very useful=20
to Know:</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>1-The e-mails of colleagues woking =
with=20
Caribbean anemones sistematics.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>2- Institutes or collections which =
may have some=20
anemones &quot;tipes&quot; (holotipes or similar).</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>Thanks,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>Lina Maria Barrios S&uacute;arez</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_000_0059_01BEFAAF.9B3ADEE0--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Sep  9 22:57:30 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id WAA18478 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 9 Sep 1999 22:57:29 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id XAA26661; Thu, 9 Sep 1999 23:02:35 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma026603; Thu, 9 Sep 99 23:01:49 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 9 Sep 1999 22:58:44 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id CAA26582; Fri, 10 Sep 1999 02:40:17 GMT
Received: from smtp4.mindspring.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id WAA24602; Thu, 9 Sep 1999 22:40:10 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from felonymindspring (user-38ld851.dialup.mindspring.com [209.86.160.161])
	by smtp4.mindspring.com (8.8.5/8.8.5) with SMTP id WAA28271
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 9 Sep 1999 22:40:00 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <005601befb33$88d4bda0$a1a056d1@com>
From: "Robin Smith" <felony@mindspring.com>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Trace elements
Date: Thu, 9 Sep 1999 22:23:27 -0400
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0053_01BEFB11.F03E8EC0"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2615.200
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2615.200
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Robin Smith" <felony@mindspring.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 558
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_0053_01BEFB11.F03E8EC0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Hello everyone,
    I wish to investigate the role of trace element depletion in =
closed-system aquaria as a possible limiting factor in the successful, =
long-term growth of Porites astreoides for bone graft material.  If =
anyone knows of any literature or the e-mail addresses of persons that =
may be helpful, I would greatly appreciate it.
Thanks,
Robin Smith
smithrt@fiu.edu
------=_NextPart_000_0053_01BEFB11.F03E8EC0
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D"MSHTML 5.00.2614.3500" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Hello everyone,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; I wish to =
investigate the role=20
of&nbsp;trace element depletion in closed-system aquaria as a possible =
limiting=20
factor in the successful, long-term growth of <EM>Porites astreoides =
</EM>for=20
bone graft material.&nbsp; If anyone knows of any literature or the =
e-mail=20
addresses of persons that may be helpful,&nbsp;I would greatly =
appreciate=20
it.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Thanks,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Robin Smith</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><A=20
href=3D"mailto:smithrt@fiu.edu">smithrt@fiu.edu</A></FONT></DIV></BODY></=
HTML>
------=_NextPart_000_0053_01BEFB11.F03E8EC0--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Sep 10 11:40:46 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA02756 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 10 Sep 1999 11:40:45 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA29263; Fri, 10 Sep 1999 11:48:04 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma029067; Fri, 10 Sep 99 11:47:17 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 10 Sep 1999 11:07:51 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA23169; Fri, 10 Sep 1999 14:42:12 GMT
Received: from wwfgate.wwfnet.org by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA26595; Fri, 10 Sep 1999 10:42:04 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by wwfgate.wwfnet.org; id QAA29434; Fri, 10 Sep 1999 16:41:54 +0200 (MET DST)
Received: from wwfsmtp.wwfnet.org(10.99.30.12) by wwfgate.wwfnet.org via smap (3.2)
	id xma029404; Fri, 10 Sep 99 16:41:46 +0200
Received: from WWF-Message_Server by wwfnet.org
	with Novell_GroupWise; Fri, 10 Sep 1999 16:39:46 +0200
Message-Id: <s7d93452.091@wwfnet.org>
X-Mailer: Novell GroupWise 4.1
Date: Fri, 10 Sep 1999 16:38:45 +0200
From: Susan Wells <SWells@wwfnet.org>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Beach seine net exchange programmes
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Susan Wells <SWells@wwfnet.org>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 559
Apologies as this may not be the best listserver to use, but does anyone
know of, or have direct experience of any net exchange programmes
(replacing small mesh nets with larger ones).  We need
advice/experience on how to implement this - and whether it is likely to
be successful - for a project in Tanzania (Tanga region).
Thanks for any leads on this.
Sue
_______________________________
Sue Wells
Marine Programme Co-ordinator
WWF International
avenue du Mont-Blanc
1196 Gland  - Switzerland
-----------------------------------------------
Phone: +41 22 364 90 32
Fax: +41 22 364 05 26
email: swells@wwfnet.org
website: http://www.panda.org
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Sep 11 02:19:49 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id CAA20801 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 11 Sep 1999 02:19:48 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id CAA22009; Sat, 11 Sep 1999 02:27:09 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma021992; Sat, 11 Sep 99 02:26:46 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 11 Sep 1999 02:23:41 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id GAA30623; Sat, 11 Sep 1999 06:07:49 GMT
Received: from pearl.aims.gov.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id CAA35817; Sat, 11 Sep 1999 02:07:36 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from clivepc.aims.gov.au (ppp-15.aims.gov.au [138.7.56.15])
	by pearl.aims.gov.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id QAA05839
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 11 Sep 1999 16:07:17 +1000 (EST)
Message-Id: <3.0.1.32.19990911154741.0073c110@email.aims.gov.au>
X-Sender: cwilkins@email.aims.gov.au
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0.1 (32)
Date: Sat, 11 Sep 1999 15:47:41 +1000
To: Coral-List <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: Clive Wilkinson <c.wilkinson@aims.gov.au>
Subject: Addition to 1997-98 Mass Coral Bleaching
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Clive Wilkinson <c.wilkinson@aims.gov.au>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 560
1997-98 Mass Coral Bleaching - One Year Later
Tom Hourigan <Tom.Hourigan@noaa.gov> the Biodiversity specialist at NOAA
asked for additional information:
Do you have any quantitative information (or qualitative) on changes in
fish abundance on reefs where bleaching occurred? Impacts on fisheries are
probably the most important short- to medium-term socioeconomic impact of
bleaching.  The Convention on Biological Diversity Secretariat is drafting
a paper on the impacts of bleaching and any information will go to that
report.
The GCRMN will update the report  published in 'Status of Coral Reefs of
the World: 1998' and on the Internet as: http://www.aims.gov.au/scr1998
Please send reports and anecdotal observations to c.wilkinson@aims.gov.au
and Tom.Hourigan@noaa.gov on ALL areas bleached or not.
* name and area (approx Lat. and Long.);
* extent of bleaching in 1997-98 % live coral cover, numbers of species
bleached or not; other organisms
* any recovery or resistance to bleaching and depths;
* any new recruitment (and what families recruited)?
* other major comments.
A few authors have provided results ready for publication - there will be
an impressive set of papers from this event - we are preparing a synthesis
of these reports. We need many more reports please .....
Thank you
Clive Wilkinson
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Sep 11 08:51:23 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA23539 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 11 Sep 1999 08:51:23 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA28502; Sat, 11 Sep 1999 08:58:44 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028477; Sat, 11 Sep 99 08:57:43 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 11 Sep 1999 08:54:44 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA36912; Sat, 11 Sep 1999 12:44:51 GMT
Received: from mail.caribe.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id IAA28561; Sat, 11 Sep 1999 08:44:45 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from abudai (ppp38.211dip.netdial.caribe.net [209.91.211.38])
	by mail.caribe.net (8.9.0/8.9.0) with ESMTP id IAA02447;
	Sat, 11 Sep 1999 08:46:12 -0400 (AST)
Message-Id: <37DA5CEB.1F747F3A@caribe.net>
Date: Sat, 11 Sep 1999 08:45:16 -0500
From: R&F Roettger <abudai@caribe.net>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.01 [en] (Win95; I)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Clive Wilkinson <c.wilkinson@aims.gov.au>,
        Coral-List <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Re: Addition to 1997-98 Mass Coral Bleaching
X-Priority: 3 (Normal)
References: <3.0.1.32.19990911154741.0073c110@email.aims.gov.au> <37DA4F93.595885DE@caribe.net>
Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="------------86F005F965415898357132B5"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: R&F Roettger <abudai@caribe.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 561
--------------86F005F965415898357132B5
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Hola,
My e-mail has changed.  Could you please delete <abudai@caribe.net> and
add my new e-mail: <dosolas@coqui.net>.  The first message had a typo.
Thanks, Rex
Rex Roettger wrote:
> Hola,
> My e-mail has changed.  Could you please delete <abudai@caribe.net>
> and
> add my new e-mail: <dosolsa@coqui.net>.
> Thanks, Rex
>
> Clive Wilkinson wrote:
>
> > 1997-98 Mass Coral Bleaching - One Year Later
> >
> > Tom Hourigan <Tom.Hourigan@noaa.gov> the Biodiversity specialist at
> > NOAA
> > asked for additional information:
> >
> > Do you have any quantitative information (or qualitative) on changes
>
> > in
> > fish abundance on reefs where bleaching occurred? Impacts on
> fisheries
> > are
> > probably the most important short- to medium-term socioeconomic
> impact
> > of
> > bleaching.  The Convention on Biological Diversity Secretariat is
> > drafting
> > a paper on the impacts of bleaching and any information will go to
> > that
> > report.
> >
> > The GCRMN will update the report  published in 'Status of Coral
> Reefs
> > of
> > the World: 1998' and on the Internet as:
> > http://www.aims.gov.au/scr1998
> >
> > Please send reports and anecdotal observations to
> > c.wilkinson@aims.gov.au
> > and Tom.Hourigan@noaa.gov on ALL areas bleached or not.
> >
> > * name and area (approx Lat. and Long.);
> >
> > * extent of bleaching in 1997-98 % live coral cover, numbers of
> > species
> > bleached or not; other organisms
> >
> > * any recovery or resistance to bleaching and depths;
> >
> > * any new recruitment (and what families recruited)?
> >
> > * other major comments.
> >
> > A few authors have provided results ready for publication - there
> will
> > be
> > an impressive set of papers from this event - we are preparing a
> > synthesis
> > of these reports. We need many more reports please .....
> >
> > Thank you
> >
> > Clive Wilkinson
--------------86F005F965415898357132B5
Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
<HTML>
<P>Hola,
<BR>My e-mail has changed.&nbsp; Could you please delete &lt;abudai@caribe.net>
and
<BR>add my new e-mail: &lt;<B>dosolas@coqui.net</B>>.&nbsp; The first message
had a typo.
<BR>Thanks, Rex
<BR>Rex Roettger wrote:
<BLOCKQUOTE TYPE=CITE>Hola,
<BR>My e-mail has changed.&nbsp; Could you please delete &lt;abudai@caribe.net>
and
<BR>add my new e-mail: &lt;dosolsa@coqui.net>.
<BR>Thanks, Rex
<P>Clive Wilkinson wrote:
<P>> 1997-98 Mass Coral Bleaching - One Year Later
<BR>>
<BR>> Tom Hourigan &lt;Tom.Hourigan@noaa.gov> the Biodiversity specialist
at
<BR>> NOAA
<BR>> asked for additional information:
<BR>>
<BR>> Do you have any quantitative information (or qualitative) on changes
<BR>> in
<BR>> fish abundance on reefs where bleaching occurred? Impacts on fisheries
<BR>> are
<BR>> probably the most important short- to medium-term socioeconomic impact
<BR>> of
<BR>> bleaching.&nbsp; The Convention on Biological Diversity Secretariat
is
<BR>> drafting
<BR>> a paper on the impacts of bleaching and any information will go to
<BR>> that
<BR>> report.
<BR>>
<BR>> The GCRMN will update the report&nbsp; published in 'Status of Coral
Reefs
<BR>> of
<BR>> the World: 1998' and on the Internet as:
<BR>> <A HREF="http://www.aims.gov.au/scr1998">http://www.aims.gov.au/scr1998</A>
<BR>>
<BR>> Please send reports and anecdotal observations to
<BR>> c.wilkinson@aims.gov.au
<BR>> and Tom.Hourigan@noaa.gov on ALL areas bleached or not.
<BR>>
<BR>> * name and area (approx Lat. and Long.);
<BR>>
<BR>> * extent of bleaching in 1997-98 % live coral cover, numbers of
<BR>> species
<BR>> bleached or not; other organisms
<BR>>
<BR>> * any recovery or resistance to bleaching and depths;
<BR>>
<BR>> * any new recruitment (and what families recruited)?
<BR>>
<BR>> * other major comments.
<BR>>
<BR>> A few authors have provided results ready for publication - there
will
<BR>> be
<BR>> an impressive set of papers from this event - we are preparing a
<BR>> synthesis
<BR>> of these reports. We need many more reports please .....
<BR>>
<BR>> Thank you
<BR>>
<BR>> Clive Wilkinson</BLOCKQUOTE>
&nbsp;&nbsp;</HTML>
--------------86F005F965415898357132B5--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep 13 07:40:37 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id HAA15727 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 13 Sep 1999 07:40:36 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA03072; Mon, 13 Sep 1999 07:47:59 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xmaa03034; Mon, 13 Sep 99 07:47:39 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 13 Sep 1999 07:44:29 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id LAA46186; Mon, 13 Sep 1999 11:19:02 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id HAA37367; Mon, 13 Sep 1999 07:18:53 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA01896; Mon, 13 Sep 1999 07:21:44 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma001883; Mon, 13 Sep 99 07:20:46 -0400
Received: from surf.blur (surf [172.16.100.3])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with ESMTP
	  id HAA15204 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 13 Sep 1999 07:13:22 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from localhost by surf.blur (8.8.8+Sun/SMI-SVR4)
	id HAA14042; Mon, 13 Sep 1999 07:15:37 -0400 (EDT)
Date: Mon, 13 Sep 1999 07:15:37 -0400 (EDT)
From: Jim Hendee <Jim.Hendee@noaa.gov>
X-Sender: hendee@surf
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: CHAMP shutdown
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.03.9909130712350.13941-100000@surf>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jim Hendee <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 562
Greetings,
	It is possible that hurricane Floyd will hit us here in Miami.
For that reason, workstation coral.aoml.noaa.gov (coral-list, CHAMP Web
Page, tec.) will probably be shut down for an unspecified period of time.
If this happens, I will post a message informing everybody when it is
operational again.
	Cheers,
	Jim Hendee
	coral-list administrator
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep 13 11:45:56 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA24450 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 13 Sep 1999 11:45:55 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA27379; Mon, 13 Sep 1999 11:50:59 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma027130; Mon, 13 Sep 99 11:50:00 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 13 Sep 1999 11:42:37 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA54565; Mon, 13 Sep 1999 15:29:29 GMT
Date: Mon, 13 Sep 1999 15:29:29 GMT
Message-Id: <199909131529.PAA54565@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: coral-list administrator <jch@aoml.noaa.gov>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Welcome Message (KEEP THIS!)
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: coral-list administrator <jch@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 563
There seem to be a lot of people lately who forgot how to subscribe and
unsubscribe from coral-list.  If you don't already have the Welcome
Message, or have deleted it, please keep this one, below, for future
reference.  Also, if you decide to move to a different email address,
please remember to unsubscribe your old address.
Thanks,
JCH
coral-list administrator
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Welcome to the Coral Health and Monitoring List-Server!
        SAVE THIS MESSAGE!  It has important information on subscribing
and unsubscribing from coral-list.
	The purpose of the Coral Health and Monitoring list-server is to
provide a forum for Internet discussions and announcements among coral
health researchers pertaining to coral reef health and monitoring
throughout the world.  The list is primarily for use by coral health
researchers and scientists.  Currently, about 1100 researchers are
subscribed to the list.  Appropriate subjects for discussion might
include:
	o  bleaching events
	o  outbreaks of coral diseases
	o  high predation on coral reefs
	o  environmental monitoring sites
	o  incidences of coral spawnings
	o  shipwrecks on reefs
	o  international meetings and symposia
	o  funding opportunities
	o  marine sanctuary news
	o  new coral-related publications
	o  announcements of college courses in coral reef ecology
	o  coral health initiatives
	o  new and historical data availability
	o  controversial topics in coral reef ecology
	o  recent reports on coral research
        Please do NOT post messages of a purely commercial nature, e.g.,
commercial dive trips or vacations at coral reef areas.  However, if you
are a non-profit organization wishing to publicize the existence of a
product of benefit to the coral research community, please do so.
-- To Subscribe to the List --
	Since you just got this message, you are already subscribed to the
list!  However, if you wish to instruct others how to subscribe to the
list, have them send e-mail to majordomo@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, with the
following message (only!) in the body of the text:
	subscribe coral-list
-- To Un-Subscribe from the List --
	To un-subscribe from the list, send e-mail to
majordomo@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, with the following message (only!) in the
body of the text:
	unsubscribe coral-list "Your Name" <your_address@your.domain>
-- To Post a Comment or Announcement --
	To post a message to the list, simply address your comments or
announcements to coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov.  The message will be
circulated to all members of the list.  The members may respond to you
directly, or post their comments to the list for all to read.  Please DO
NOT post messages with embedded HTML commands.  One of these days all mail
readers may use this feature, but many do not still, and such a message
may come out as garbage on a non-HTML compliant mail reader.
-- Coral-List Digest --
	If you prefer not to receive coral-list messages as they are
sent, but would rather receive a weekly digest of messages, please
send your messages for subscribing and unsubscribing to
majordomo@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, as above, only use coral-list-digest as
the list you'd like to subscribe to.  For instance, if you wanted to get
off the regular list, and on to the digest list, you'd send the following
message to majordomo@coral.aoml.noaa.gov:
	unsubscribe coral-list
	subscribe coral-list-digest
	Digest messages will be sent once a week, unless the number of
messages is over 55 KB in content, in which case a new digest will be
generated.
-- Help --
	To see a list of the functions and services available from the
list-server, send an e-mail message to majordomo@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, with
the following message (only!) in the body of the text:
	help
-- Other Coral Health Related Information --
        The Coral Health and Monitoring Program (CHAMP) has a World-Wide
Web Home Page at the following URL:
        http://www.coral.noaa.gov
-- Add Your Name to the Coral Researchers Directory! --
	After you read this message, you may wish to add your name to the
Coral Researchers Directory.  To do so, send the following information to
lagoon@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, with your name (Last Name, First Name) in the
Subject: line of your message:
Name:		(How you'd like it to appear, e.g., Vice Pres. Al Gore)
Title:
Institution:	(or N/A)
Address Line 1:
Address Line 2:
Address Line 3:
City:
State or Province:
Country:
Business Phone:
Business Fax:
E-mail:
Other info:	(Add up to, say, 20 lines, if you'd like.)
-- Add Your Coral-Related Event to the Coral-List Calendar
	A calendar of coral related events has been set up
at the following URL on the Web:
	http://calendar.yahoo.com/public/coral_list
If you would like to add an event to the calendar, please send the
following information, in this format, to coral@coral.aoml.noaa.gov:
---
Date and Time (local)
Title of Event
Short Description
Email contact (if available)
Web Page info
---
Please place the words CALENDAR EVENT in the subject line.  This site is a
commercial site, but we hope to have a NOAA sponsored calendar software
soon.
-- Etiquette --
1)  When responding to a posting to the list, do not respond
	*back* to the entire list unless you feel it is an
	answer everyone can benefit from.  I think this is
	usually the case, but responses such as, "Yeah, tell
	me, too!" to the entire list will make you unpopular
	in a hurry.  Double-check your "To: " line before
	sending.
2) Do not "flame" (i.e., scold) colleagues via the coral-list.  If
	you feel compelled to chastise someone, please send them
	mail directly and flame away.
3) Please conduct as much preliminary research into a topic
	as possible before posting a query to the list. (In
	other words, you shouldn't expect others to do your
	research for you.) Please consider:
	o  Your librarian (an extremely valuable resource)
	o  The CHAMP Literature Abstracts area at the CHAMP Web:
	o  The CHAMP Online Researcher's Directory
		(i.e., search for your topic, ask the
		experts directly)
	o  The CHAMP (and other) Web sites' links page(s)
  But please *do* avail yourself of the list when you've exhausted
	other sources.
4)  Please carefully consider the purpose of the coral-list
	before posting a message.  This is a forum comprised
	primarily of researchers who devote major portions
	of their work time to the study of corals or
	coral-related issues.
5)  Succinct postings are greatly appreciated by all.
6)  Archives
	Archives of all previous coral-list messages can be found at this
Web Page:
	http://www.coral.aoml.noaa.gov/lists/list-archives.html
Please review these messages on topics that may have already been
discussed in detail before you post new messages on the same topic.
-- Problems --
	If you have any problems concerning the list, please feel free to
drop a line to:  hendee@aoml.noaa.gov.
	We hope you enjoy the list!
	Sincerely yours,
	Jim Hendee
	Louis Florit
	Philippe Dubosq
        Ocean Chemistry Division
        Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory
        National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
        4301 Rickenbacker Causeway
        Miami, FL  33149-1026
        USA
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep 13 11:46:45 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA24602 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 13 Sep 1999 11:46:44 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA27883; Mon, 13 Sep 1999 11:54:06 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma027632; Mon, 13 Sep 99 11:53:10 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 13 Sep 1999 11:44:07 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA55000; Mon, 13 Sep 1999 15:24:29 GMT
Message-Id: <199909131524.PAA55000@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Sun, 12 Sep 1999 18:10:11 -0700
From: John McManus <J.MCMANUS@CGIAR.ORG>
Subject: RE: Beach seine net exchange programmes
To: "'Susan Wells'" <SWells@wwfnet.org>, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: John McManus <J.MCMANUS@CGIAR.ORG>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 564
Sue et. al.
Jeremy Woodley described in a meeting in 1992(?) a nice-sounding program
in Jamaica wherein small mesh traps were exchanged for new, larger mesh to
make traps.
John
		-----Original Message-----
		From:	Susan Wells [mailto:SWells@wwfnet.org]
		Sent:	Friday, September 10, 1999 10:39 PM
		To:	coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
		Subject:	Beach seine net exchange programmes
		Apologies as this may not be the best listserver to use, but
does anyone
		know of, or have direct experience of any net exchange
programmes
		(replacing small mesh nets with larger ones).  We need
		advice/experience on how to implement this - and whether it
is likely to
		be successful - for a project in Tanzania (Tanga region).
		Thanks for any leads on this.
		Sue
		_______________________________
		Sue Wells
		Marine Programme Co-ordinator
		WWF International
		avenue du Mont-Blanc
		1196 Gland  - Switzerland
		-----------------------------------------------
		Phone: +41 22 364 90 32
		Fax: +41 22 364 05 26
		email: swells@wwfnet.org
		website: http://www.panda.org
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep 13 19:26:53 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id TAA05925 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 13 Sep 1999 19:26:52 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA05795; Mon, 13 Sep 1999 19:34:14 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma005766; Mon, 13 Sep 99 19:33:23 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 13 Sep 1999 15:02:48 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA46727; Mon, 13 Sep 1999 18:49:05 GMT
Received: from relay1.smtp.psi.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA54390; Mon, 13 Sep 1999 14:48:58 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from [38.200.235.131] (helo=EXCH_BDC.DCCMC)
	by relay1.smtp.psi.net with esmtp (Exim 1.90 #1)
	for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
	id 11Qb9m-0002PV-00; Mon, 13 Sep 1999 14:48:50 -0400
Received: by exch_bdc with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
	id <RL1NH72V>; Mon, 13 Sep 1999 14:50:10 -0400
Message-Id: <112A11230948D2119FE900A0C9D81E0451014A@exch_bdc>
From: Jack Sobel <JSobel@DCCMC.ORG>
To: "'coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov'" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: RE: Addition to 1997-98 Mass Coral Bleaching
Date: Mon, 13 Sep 1999 14:50:09 -0400
MIME-Version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
Content-Type: text/plain
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jack Sobel <JSobel@DCCMC.ORG>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 565
	A recent posting from Clive Wilkinson and Tom Hourigan stated that
"Impacts on fisheries are probably the most important short- to medium-term
socioeconomic impact of bleaching."  This does not seem obvious to me and I
was wondering what others thought.  What, if any, evidence supports this?
*********************************
Jack Sobel, Director
Ecosystem Program
Center for Marine Conservation
1725 DeSales St. NW, Suite #600
Washington, DC  20036
Phone:  (202) 429-5609
Fax:  (202) 872-0619
Email:  jsobel@dccmc.org
*********************************
> -----Original Message-----
> From:	Clive Wilkinson [SMTP:c.wilkinson@aims.gov.au]
> Sent:	Saturday, September 11, 1999 1:48 AM
> To:	Coral-List
> Subject:	Addition to 1997-98 Mass Coral Bleaching
>
> 1997-98 Mass Coral Bleaching - One Year Later
>
> Tom Hourigan <Tom.Hourigan@noaa.gov> the Biodiversity specialist at NOAA
> asked for additional information:
>
> Do you have any quantitative information (or qualitative) on changes in
> fish abundance on reefs where bleaching occurred? Impacts on fisheries are
> probably the most important short- to medium-term socioeconomic impact of
> bleaching.  The Convention on Biological Diversity Secretariat is drafting
> a paper on the impacts of bleaching and any information will go to that
> report.
>
> The GCRMN will update the report  published in 'Status of Coral Reefs of
> the World: 1998' and on the Internet as: http://www.aims.gov.au/scr1998
>
> Please send reports and anecdotal observations to c.wilkinson@aims.gov.au
> and Tom.Hourigan@noaa.gov on ALL areas bleached or not.
>
> * name and area (approx Lat. and Long.);
>
> * extent of bleaching in 1997-98 % live coral cover, numbers of species
> bleached or not; other organisms
>
> * any recovery or resistance to bleaching and depths;
>
> * any new recruitment (and what families recruited)?
>
> * other major comments.
>
> A few authors have provided results ready for publication - there will be
> an impressive set of papers from this event - we are preparing a synthesis
> of these reports. We need many more reports please .....
>
>
>
> Thank you
>
> Clive Wilkinson
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep 13 19:28:53 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id TAA05944 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 13 Sep 1999 19:28:52 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA05838; Mon, 13 Sep 1999 19:36:16 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma005823; Mon, 13 Sep 99 19:35:18 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 13 Sep 1999 15:25:25 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA56873; Mon, 13 Sep 1999 19:10:23 GMT
Received: from acd.ufrj.br by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id PAA50224; Mon, 13 Sep 1999 15:10:10 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from scyphozoa.mn.ufrj.br ([146.164.124.148])
	by acd.ufrj.br (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id QAA08920
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 13 Sep 1999 16:00:37 -0300
Message-Id: <199909131900.QAA08920@acd.ufrj.br>
X-Sender: cbcastro@pop.openlink.com.br
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 4.0.2
Date: Mon, 13 Sep 1999 16:13:07 -0300
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: "Clovis B. Castro" <cbcastro@pobox.com>
Subject: 9ICRS and East Timor
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Clovis B. Castro" <cbcastro@pobox.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 566
Dear Colleagues,
Have any of you gave some thoutght on what are you going to do in October
2000?
By that I mean: if the situation in Indonesia, and particularly in East
Timor, does not reach a good solution, will you still consider attending
the symposium?
I have been looking forward to attend the 9ICRS. However, I am currently
having second thoughts about participating (as a tiny protest against
current practices in Indonesia) - the situation in that country (and TV
images don't let us forget) is dramatic.
I remember the last session in Panama, when there was one strong protest
against the selected location of the next symposium. Then, there was an
assurance that the symposium would not be held in Bali unless the political
situation was under control. It looks like it is not, and will not be in
the near future.
Are the ICRSociety and the 9ICRS organizers still sure the symposium will
occur? Are society members willing to attend in such a situation? What
happened with the second option (Thailand?)? Did anybody think seriously
about adopting it?
I would appreciate hearing comments about these questions.
Cordially
Clovis Castro
-----------------------------------------------------
Dr. Clovis B. Castro
Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
Departamento de Invertebrados
Quinta da Boa Vista, Sao Cristovao
20940-040 - Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
email: cbcastro@pobox.com
fone +55-XX-21-5681314 ramal 261
celular +55-XX-21-99740913
fax: +55-XX-21-5681314 ramal 213
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep 13 23:29:11 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id XAA07520 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 13 Sep 1999 23:29:11 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id XAA10634; Mon, 13 Sep 1999 23:36:34 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma010619; Mon, 13 Sep 99 23:36:27 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 13 Sep 1999 23:32:34 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id DAA59249; Tue, 14 Sep 1999 03:04:35 GMT
Received: from out5.prserv.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id XAA43542; Mon, 13 Sep 1999 23:04:23 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from venv-lidalap2 (slip202-135-5-20.jk.id.ibm.net [202.135.5.20])
	by out5.prserv.net (/) with ESMTP id DAA71536;
	Tue, 14 Sep 1999 03:04:10 GMT
Message-Id: <199909140304.DAA71536@out5.prserv.net>
From: "Lida Pet-Soede" <lidapet@ibm.net>
To: "Clovis B. Castro" <cbcastro@pobox.com>, <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Re: 9ICRS and East Timor
Date: Tue, 14 Sep 1999 05:05:55 +0200
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Priority: 3
X-Mailer: Microsoft Internet Mail 4.70.1155
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Lida Pet-Soede" <lidapet@ibm.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 567
Clovis Castro wrote on Monday, September 13, 1999 9:13 PM
>
> Have any of you gave some thoutght on what are you going to do in October
> 2000?
> By that I mean: if the situation in Indonesia, and particularly in East
> Timor, does not reach a good solution, will you still consider attending
> the symposium?
>
> I have been looking forward to attend the 9ICRS. However, I am currently
> having second thoughts about participating (as a tiny protest against
> current practices in Indonesia) - the situation in that country (and TV
> images don't let us forget) is dramatic.
He is right about the situation being dramatic but let's not forget one
thing. There are already a lot of reasons given why conservation of the
reefs is difficult/impossible(?!) and so on. Let's not add another reason
to
the list. Especially now Indonesia is going through rough times, the
national and internation attention tends to get focussed on other things
than on Indonesias most important marine asset. By participating in the 9th
ICRS you'll cast a must stronger signal pro the importance of coral reef
science and conservation than by boycotting it.
There is another point I like to make. There have been lots of speculations
on what the recent monetary crisis in Indonesia would mean to the use of
destructive fishing practices (DFP), for the continuation of research
projects and governmental and non-governmental marine conservation
projects. DFP are still there but so are the conservation and research
projects, COREMAP is just one example . There are a lot of Indonesian and
foreign people putting their knowledge, experience and commitment into
adressing the problems that face Indonesia's coral reefs. Let's support
that by sharing your experience, knowledge and enthousiasm at the 9th ICRS.
Lida Pet-Soede
Coastal Fisheries Biology and -Management expert
Jakarta
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Sep 15 15:04:05 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA24332 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 15 Sep 1999 15:04:04 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA29625; Wed, 15 Sep 1999 15:09:11 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma029510; Wed, 15 Sep 99 15:08:22 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 15 Sep 1999 13:26:16 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA62673; Wed, 15 Sep 1999 14:45:43 GMT
Message-Id: <199909151445.OAA62673@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: Jim_Maragos@r1.fws.gov
To: "Clovis B. Castro" <cbcastro@pobox.com>, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Date: Mon, 13 Sep 1999 10:43:36 -0700
Subject: Re:9ICRS and East Timor
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jim_Maragos@r1.fws.gov
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 568
     Dr. Castro has offered some excellent comments which should be seriously
     considered by ISRS and the other organizers.
      James E. Maragos, Ph.D. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Honolulu
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Sep 15 15:04:04 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA24325 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 15 Sep 1999 15:04:03 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA29623; Wed, 15 Sep 1999 15:09:11 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma029509; Wed, 15 Sep 99 15:08:19 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 15 Sep 1999 13:26:06 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA63327; Wed, 15 Sep 1999 14:53:01 GMT
Message-Id: <199909151453.OAA63327@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Tue, 14 Sep 1999 14:25:01 -0400 (EDT)
From: Walt Jaap STP <Walt.Jaap@dep.state.fl.us>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Addition to 1997-98 Mass Coral Bleaching
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Walt Jaap STP <Walt.Jaap@dep.state.fl.us>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 569
One piece of evidence that might (might not) support the correlation of
bleaching with fisheries loss is the historical spiny lobster commercial
landings.  During the mid to late 1980s the lobster landings declined during
those years when there was a bleaching episode which also were ENSO years. This
was for Florida landings.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Sep 15 15:08:52 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA24564 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 15 Sep 1999 15:08:52 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA00400; Wed, 15 Sep 1999 15:16:18 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma000332; Wed, 15 Sep 99 15:15:26 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 15 Sep 1999 13:38:21 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA63688; Wed, 15 Sep 1999 14:51:51 GMT
Message-Id: <199909151451.OAA63688@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Wed, 15 Sep 1999 08:53:52 +1000
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Terry Done <tdone@aims.gov.au>
Subject: 9th International Coral Reef Symposium
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Terry Done <tdone@aims.gov.au>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 570
I wish to advise that the International Society for Reef Studies has been
receiving numerous representations regarding the future of the 9th
International Coral Reef Symposium, scheduled for Bali in October.
Council is currently considering the matter carefully and we will advise
coral-list at the earliest opportunity.
Thank you for you patience.
Terry Done
President
International Society for Reef Studies
Dr Terry Done
Australian Institute of Marine Science
PMB #3 Mail Centre,
Townsville Qld          4810
Australia
Phone 61 7 47 534 344
Fax   61 7 47 725 852
email: tdone@aims.gov.au
WEBSITE for 9th International Coral Reef Symposium
www.nova.edu/ocean/9icrs
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Sep 15 15:23:07 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA24943 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 15 Sep 1999 15:23:06 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA02563; Wed, 15 Sep 1999 15:30:31 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma002488; Wed, 15 Sep 99 15:29:42 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 15 Sep 1999 14:11:41 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA59786; Wed, 15 Sep 1999 14:42:35 GMT
Date: Wed, 15 Sep 1999 14:42:35 GMT
Message-Id: <199909151442.OAA59786@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: CHAMP <coral@aoml.noaa.gov>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: CHAMP workstation back up
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: CHAMP <coral@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 571
Greetings,
	Unfortunately, coral-list and the CHAMP Web Page were down during
hurricane Floyd's close brush by Miami, Florida.  However, things are
somewhat back to normal, with no damage done in our area.  Now let's hope
for the best for further up the coast.
	Cheers,
	JCH
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Sep 16 10:23:49 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA16439 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 16 Sep 1999 10:23:48 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA29314; Thu, 16 Sep 1999 10:31:13 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma029280; Thu, 16 Sep 99 10:30:52 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 16 Sep 1999 10:26:42 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA08775; Thu, 16 Sep 1999 14:02:41 GMT
Message-Id: <199909161402.OAA08775@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Wed, 15 Sep 1999 14:05:59 -0700
To: coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
From: Tim Tessier <tim@cfh.ca>
Subject: Coral Harvesting -Fiji - Cebu
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Tim Tessier <tim@cfh.ca>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 572
Hi All,
I would like to add one point to what Bob said.
There is a company that is "raping" the reefs of Cebu for the curio trade.
I have visited this company to purchase beach sand and was shown the
"facility".  I noticed several large(2.5') heads of tabletop acropora as
well as 20+ shelves full of different corals. I have also seen 8" dia.
heads of seriatopora histrix.  In the back of this facility are large tubs
where they bleach the corals.  This company is regularly importing several
20ft ship containers of coral per month. I find it sickening that they can
seemingly do this legally. They are NOT using a CITES permit, which they
could never get, but a MINING permit. They have convinced the Canadian
Wildlife Enforcement that the corals are mined.  Could other companies be
doing the same thing and thus skewing the amount of corals that are
actually being exported?
Sincerely,
Tim Tessier
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Sep 16 10:23:50 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA16440 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 16 Sep 1999 10:23:48 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA29316; Thu, 16 Sep 1999 10:31:13 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma029286; Thu, 16 Sep 99 10:30:56 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 16 Sep 1999 10:26:49 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA08681; Thu, 16 Sep 1999 13:58:31 GMT
Message-Id: <199909161358.NAA08681@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: "Precht, Bill" <Bprecht@pbsj.com>
To: "'Lida Pet-Soede'" <lidapet@ibm.net>,
        "Clovis B. Castro" <cbcastro@pobox.com>,
        coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: RE: 9ICRS and East Timor
Date: Wed, 15 Sep 1999 14:43:12 -0500
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Precht, Bill" <Bprecht@pbsj.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 573
Something to Think About:
As much as I am in favor of protecting and restoring coral reef
ecosystems...
and as much as would like to go to Bali in 2000(in fact I'm planning on it).
The question here is more profound...
The ISRS needs to seriously review the ramifications(social, moral,
political, economic...)of holding our next meeting in a country that does
not view all races, creeds & religions equally. These very items were raised
at the ISRS meeting in Panama...
We also need to be concerned with the safety and well-being of ALL of our
international members.
I hope the ISRS (and the organizing committee) has a "back-up" plan.
If the situation in Indonesia gets worse (and it very well may), we will all
be faced with some difficult personal decisions.
William F. Precht
-----Original Message-----
From: Lida Pet-Soede [mailto:lidapet@ibm.net]
Sent: Monday, September 13, 1999 11:06 PM
To: Clovis B. Castro; coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: 9ICRS and East Timor
Clovis Castro wrote on Monday, September 13, 1999 9:13 PM
>
> Have any of you gave some thoutght on what are you going to do in October
> 2000?
> By that I mean: if the situation in Indonesia, and particularly in East
> Timor, does not reach a good solution, will you still consider attending
> the symposium?
>
> I have been looking forward to attend the 9ICRS. However, I am currently
> having second thoughts about participating (as a tiny protest against
> current practices in Indonesia) - the situation in that country (and TV
> images don't let us forget) is dramatic.
He is right about the situation being dramatic but let's not forget one
thing. There are already a lot of reasons given why conservation of the
reefs is difficult/impossible(?!) and so on. Let's not add another reason
to
the list. Especially now Indonesia is going through rough times, the
national and internation attention tends to get focussed on other things
than on Indonesias most important marine asset. By participating in the 9th
ICRS you'll cast a must stronger signal pro the importance of coral reef
science and conservation than by boycotting it.
There is another point I like to make. There have been lots of speculations
on what the recent monetary crisis in Indonesia would mean to the use of
destructive fishing practices (DFP), for the continuation of research
projects and governmental and non-governmental marine conservation
projects. DFP are still there but so are the conservation and research
projects, COREMAP is just one example . There are a lot of Indonesian and
foreign people putting their knowledge, experience and commitment into
adressing the problems that face Indonesia's coral reefs. Let's support
that by sharing your experience, knowledge and enthousiasm at the 9th ICRS.
Lida Pet-Soede
Coastal Fisheries Biology and -Management expert
Jakarta
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Sep 16 10:51:26 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA17795 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 16 Sep 1999 10:51:25 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA00987; Thu, 16 Sep 1999 10:56:37 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma000966; Thu, 16 Sep 99 10:56:34 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 16 Sep 1999 10:39:57 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA08383; Thu, 16 Sep 1999 14:14:31 GMT
Date: Thu, 16 Sep 1999 14:14:31 GMT
Message-Id: <199909161414.OAA08383@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: coral-list admin <jch@aoml.noaa.gov>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: why it didn't post
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: coral-list admin <jch@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 574
Sorry, I've had a lot of occurrences like this lately.  I just wanted to
remind some of you that have your email forwarded all over the place, that
the coral-list listserver software (majordomo) only recognizes the machine
(computer, host)  that you subscribed from, so that if you try to post
from another machine, it will bounce.  Sometimes I know who you are and I
forward the message anyway, but sometimes I don't.  If the message looks
like it is coral-related (as opposed to junk mail/spam), but I don't
recognize your email address, I will probably subscribe you, then forward
the message on to coral-list.  If you were having your email forwarded,
you will now be getting two copies of the coral-list messages, and you (or
I) will have to go through the hassle of unsubscribing yourself under one
of your two (or more) email addresses.  I'm sure you'd rather not deal
with this. Maybe you could telnet to the previous machine from your
present one?  If you can't do that, but you're only having a short stay,
no problem, just go ahead and send it anyway.  But if it is going to be a
long stay, maybe you could consider unsubscribing from the old address and
subscribe from the new one.
The moral of the story is:  Please try to post messages from whatever
machine you originally subscribed to coral-list from.
Thanks for your cooperation.
Cheers,
JCH
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Sep 16 16:01:53 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA27430 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 16 Sep 1999 16:01:53 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA00605; Thu, 16 Sep 1999 16:09:18 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma000571; Thu, 16 Sep 99 16:08:28 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 16 Sep 1999 15:26:18 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA10907; Thu, 16 Sep 1999 18:49:46 GMT
Date: Thu, 16 Sep 1999 18:49:46 GMT
Message-Id: <199909161849.SAA10907@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: coral-list admin <jch@aoml.noaa.gov>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: vacation programs
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: coral-list admin <jch@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 575
Greetings,
	Many of you institute what is called a vacation program for your
mailer when you go away on leave.  It allows an automated response to
emails that are sent to you so the sender of a message to you knows that
you are out of town, but that you will reply when you get back.  On many
of these automated vacation programs there is a switch or a configuration
option in which the vacation message will be sent to the person who sent
you a message once every X number of times that the person sends you a
message.  That way if Dr. Whomever sends you a lot of messages that day,
he/she only gets one reply back from your vacation program.
	If you go away on vacation but still want to keep receiving
coral-list messages, please set the switch or option on your vacation
program so that a reply from you is not sent out with every message you
get.  Otherwise, I (as the listserver administrator) may get that message
for every single coral-list message that goes out and your name may be
temporarily deleted from coral-list.
	Many thanks...
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Sep 16 17:34:35 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA29428 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 16 Sep 1999 17:34:35 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA07210; Thu, 16 Sep 1999 17:39:47 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma007180; Thu, 16 Sep 99 17:39:06 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 16 Sep 1999 16:41:06 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA11493; Thu, 16 Sep 1999 20:19:01 GMT
Received: from waquarium.waquarium.org by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA11491; Thu, 16 Sep 1999 16:18:49 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from uu.waquarium.org (uu.waquarium.org [166.122.71.34])
	by waquarium.waquarium.org (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id KAA31031
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 16 Sep 1999 10:25:40 -1000
Message-Id: <001b01bf0080$7593d620$22477aa6@waquarium.org>
From: "Bruce Carlson" <carlson@soest.hawaii.edu>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: coral web cam
Date: Thu, 16 Sep 1999 10:17:10 -1000
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2314.1300
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Bruce Carlson" <carlson@soest.hawaii.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 576
We have a new living coral on our web cam.  On September 5 I placed one
polyp of
Caulastrea furcata in front of our camera lens.  Once again we will be
recording it as it divides and grows.  I figured that starting with a single
polyp would be the most interesting way to start this slow-motion event.  I
don't think anyone has recorded how this coral actually divides and grows.
Previously, we displayed a colony of Montipora digitata on the web cam.  It
quickly filled the entire frame and had to be removed.  The Caulastrea will
be up much longer since it does not grow as quickly.  A metric ruler is in
the picture frame for scale.
The Waikiki Aquarium website is:  http://waquarium.mic.hawaii.edu.  Scroll
to the bottom of the page and click on "Corals Are Alive!"  (not on the
other camera called "Coral Cam" which is focused on the shark exhibit).
Aloha
Bruce
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Sep 16 18:15:56 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id SAA00180 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 16 Sep 1999 18:15:56 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA10092; Thu, 16 Sep 1999 18:23:24 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma010075; Thu, 16 Sep 99 18:23:22 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 16 Sep 1999 17:32:00 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA11823; Thu, 16 Sep 1999 21:11:18 GMT
Received: from roland.augsburg.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA11796; Thu, 16 Sep 1999 17:11:09 -0400 (EDT)
From: capman@augsburg.edu
Received: from [141.224.137.117] (137-117.campus.augsburg.edu [141.224.137.117])
	by roland.augsburg.edu (8.8.7/8.8.7) with SMTP id QAA18446
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 16 Sep 1999 16:13:17 -0500 (CDT)
Message-Id: <199909162113.QAA18446@roland.augsburg.edu>
X-Sender: capman@aug1.augsburg.edu
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Date: Thu, 16 Sep 1999 16:19:29 -0600
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Trace elements
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: capman@augsburg.edu
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 577
>Hello everyone,
>    I wish to investigate the role of trace element depletion in closed-system
>aquaria as a possible limiting factor in the successful, long-term growth of
>Porites astreoides for bone graft material.  If anyone knows of any literature
>or the e-mail addresses of persons that may be helpful, I would greatly
>appreciate it.
>
>Thanks,
>Robin Smith
>smithrt@fiu.edu
(The following response is sort of long...sorry about that).
Is your objective to study the trace-element issue per se, or are you
mostly interested in just figuring out how best to grow the corals?  I
don't personally know of good *controlled* studies regarding trace element
depletion in closed system reef aquaria, but I can point you in the
direction of *lots* of information on how to set up and maintain
closed-system aquaria to grow small-polyped stony corals, and I have become
quite successful with these corals myself.  Most of the available
information I am aware of comes *not* from good, controlled studies,
unfortunately, but from the more anecdotal experiences of amateur and
professional reef aquarists, who as a group have become quite skilled in
the art of maintaining thriving captive reef systems where most kinds of
soft and stony corals flourish.  Perhaps you already are a reef aquarist
and so are aware of this large body of information?  If not I can point you
in that direction and offer my opinions based on what has worked for me as
well.  For now though, a few comments on trace elements in closed system
aquaria and a few sources of information........
Regarding trace element depletion, most (all?) reef aquarists agree that a
variety of critical trace elements (including strontium and others) can
easily get depleted in closed system reef aquaria , but there is active
debate on how best to maintain trace elements at natural seawater levels in
reef aquaria.  Some successful reef aquarists dose iodine and/or strontium
on a regular basis, while others dose any number of different commercial
trace element mixes that include a wider variety of elements. Most likely,
some of the trace elements being added in these mixes are unnecessary, but
again, I don't believe good controlled studies have been done.....*someone
please correct me if I'm wrong* (I have read though that the formulation of
Combisan, which is one of these commercial mixes, was based on carefully
measured rates of trace element depletion in a reef tank in Germany).
Others feel that regular partial water changes using fresh synthetic
seawater is a perfectly viable (and in some people's minds preferable)
alternative.  Others do little or nothing intentional to manage trace
elements, and dissolution of sand as well as feeding of the fish in the
system probably replenishes some of the trace elements consumed by
organisms or lost through protein skimming.  The problem is that these
captive reef systems in which corals thrive are very complex with many
as-yet unquantified variables, and different aquarists have achieved geat
success using any number of different management approaches.  Quite likely,
what works in one reef aquarium may or may not work in another if other
aspects of setup and maintenance are different.
Many of these issues are frequently hashed out in the ReefKeepers mailing
list (Archived at http://www.escribe.com/pets/reefkeepers/) which is
frequented by reef aquarists ranging from rank amateur beginners to highly
respected experts in reef tank husbandry and marine biology.  Also, many of
these issues are discussed in articles in Aquarium Frontiers online
magazine (http://aquariumfrontiers.com/).  While certainly not a scientific
journal, Aquarium Frontiers is written at a much higher level than most
aquarium literature (some of Craig Bingman's articles are particularly
useful in the area of clarifying reef aquarium chemistry, and Craig would
probably be a useful person for you to contact).  There are also a number
of very good books on reef aquaria that have been published.  Though now a
little dated, The Reef Aquarium, Vol 1, by Delbeek and Sprung (Ricordea
Publishing, 1994) is a particularly useful book with an extensive
bibliography.
By the way, is there some reason you need to grow this particular species
of coral?  Would other SPS corals do?  I don't have first-hand experience
with Porites, but my strong impression is that some of the fastest-growing
SPS corals in aquaria are probably some of the Acropora species.   In
addition, to certain Acropora, Montipora digitata and Pocillopora
damicornis are other really fast growers in our reef system at Augsburg
College.  These particular SPS corals were recommended to me by Morgan
Lidster of Inland Aquatics in Terre Haute, Indiana (USA) when I asked him
what SPS corals might grow the fastest for use in student research
projects.  (Morgan propagates and grows corals for sale to reef aquarists,
and is a great source of practical information).
I hope this helps.  Let me know if I can help further.
**Also, if any readers of this message know of good references from the
scientific literature on this issue, I'd greatly appreciate hearing about
them as well.**
Bill
*********************
Bill Capman
Assistant Professor
Biology Department
Campus Box 117
Augsburg College
2211 Riverside Ave.
Minneapolis, MN 55454  USA
612/330-1072
FAX: 612/330-1649
capman@augsburg.edu
*********************
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Sep 16 22:58:55 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id WAA03440 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 16 Sep 1999 22:58:54 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id XAA19107; Thu, 16 Sep 1999 23:04:04 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma019086; Thu, 16 Sep 99 23:03:37 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 16 Sep 1999 22:27:39 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id CAA13388; Fri, 17 Sep 1999 02:04:56 GMT
Received: from correio2.openlink.com.br by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id WAA13314; Thu, 16 Sep 1999 22:04:44 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from jcreed (unverified [200.255.229.16]) by correio2.openlink.com.br
 (Rockliffe SMTPRA 2.1.7) with SMTP id <B0004880480@correio2.openlink.com.br> for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>;
 Thu, 16 Sep 1999 23:02:44 -0300
Date: Thu, 16 Sep 1999 23:02:44 -0300
Message-Id: <B0004880480@correio2.openlink.com.br>
X-Sender: jcreed@pop.openlink.com.br
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Light Version 1.5.2
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: "Joel C. Creed" <jcreed@openlink.com.br>
Subject: 9ICRS and East Timor
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Joel C. Creed" <jcreed@openlink.com.br>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 578
Coral-List,
I don't agree with Lida Pet-Soede who seems to think that international
pressure won't affect the Indonesian government. Maybe it won't, but if it
won't for human rights I suspect that coral reefs have even less chance. I
also think that Lida missed the point when stating "...now Indonesia is
going through rough times..." - what about East Timor? I'm glad that the
Council of the International Society for Reef Studies is considering the
matter carefully and look forward to receiving their deliberations in due
course.
Best wishes,
*********************************************************
Dr Joel C. Creed
IBRAG-DBAV Setor de Ecologia,
Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - UERJ,
Rua Sao Francisco Xavier 524,
PHLC Sala 220, CEP 20559-900,
Rio de Janeiro, R.J., BRAZIL.
Work Tel. 55 21 587 7328/7614
(Tel/Fax home) 55 21 493 2475
jcreed@openlink.com.br
Visit my homepage http://home.openlink.com.br/jcreed/
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Sep 17 02:22:58 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id CAA05338 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 17 Sep 1999 02:22:57 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id CAA23414; Fri, 17 Sep 1999 02:28:07 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma023399; Fri, 17 Sep 99 02:27:30 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 17 Sep 1999 01:52:31 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id FAA14354; Fri, 17 Sep 1999 05:27:25 GMT
Received: from linnaeus.bio.usyd.edu.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id BAA14194; Fri, 17 Sep 1999 01:27:15 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from fungia.bio.usyd.edu.au (a08pc-211.bio.usyd.edu.AU [129.78.177.211])
	by linnaeus.bio.usyd.edu.au (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id PAA03989;
	Fri, 17 Sep 1999 15:29:21 +1000 (EST)
From: "Ove Hoegh-Guldberg" <oveh@bio.usyd.edu.au>
To: "Joel C. Creed" <jcreed@openlink.com.br>, <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: RE: 9ICRS and East Timor
Date: Fri, 17 Sep 1999 15:28:54 +1000
Message-Id: <001701bf00cd$885794c0$d3b14e81@fungia.bio.usyd.edu.au>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Priority: 3 (Normal)
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook 8.5, Build 4.71.2173.0
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3
In-Reply-To: <B0004880480@correio2.openlink.com.br>
Importance: Normal
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Ove Hoegh-Guldberg" <oveh@bio.usyd.edu.au>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 579
The question to me is not whether I will topple a government, but, should I
be supportive of a regime that has encouraged and condoned the recent
violent suppression of human rights and democracy in East Timor.  This
aside, I feel that the active refusal to interact with Indonesia across a
wide array of fronts will have a dramatic effect.  One only has to look to
the effect of similar actions on South Africa for an example.
<My statement is not intended as an insult to my many Indonesian friends
colleagues who do not support the inhumane actions of the militias and the
Indonesian military.  I feel very sorry for their very difficult position
within this frightening context.>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
> [mailto:owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov]On Behalf Of Joel C. Creed
> Sent: Friday, 17 September 1999 12:03
> To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
> Subject: 9ICRS and East Timor
>
>
> Coral-List,
> I don't agree with Lida Pet-Soede who seems to think that international
> pressure won't affect the Indonesian government. Maybe it won't, but if it
> won't for human rights I suspect that coral reefs have even less chance. I
> also think that Lida missed the point when stating "...now Indonesia is
> going through rough times..." - what about East Timor? I'm glad that the
> Council of the International Society for Reef Studies is considering the
> matter carefully and look forward to receiving their deliberations in due
> course.
>
> Best wishes,
> *********************************************************
> Dr Joel C. Creed
> IBRAG-DBAV Setor de Ecologia,
> Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - UERJ,
> Rua Sao Francisco Xavier 524,
> PHLC Sala 220, CEP 20559-900,
> Rio de Janeiro, R.J., BRAZIL.
>
> Work Tel. 55 21 587 7328/7614
>
> (Tel/Fax home) 55 21 493 2475
> jcreed@openlink.com.br
> Visit my homepage http://home.openlink.com.br/jcreed/
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Sep 17 08:44:35 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA09986 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 17 Sep 1999 08:44:35 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA04481; Fri, 17 Sep 1999 08:49:46 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma004466; Fri, 17 Sep 99 08:49:34 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 17 Sep 1999 08:46:32 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA16822; Fri, 17 Sep 1999 12:33:00 GMT
Received: from md2.vsnl.net.in by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id IAA16871; Fri, 17 Sep 1999 08:32:48 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from abc ([203.197.134.179])
	by md2.vsnl.net.in (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id SAA01316
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 17 Sep 1999 18:09:46 +0530 (IST)
Message-Id: <37E23535.27A@md2.vsnl.net.in>
Date: Fri, 17 Sep 1999 18:03:57 +0530
From: "Dr.K.VENKATARAMAN" <dugong@md2.vsnl.net.in>
Organization: ZOOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA
X-Mailer: Mozilla 3.01Gold (Win95; I)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: information needed
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Dr.K.VENKATARAMAN" <dugong@md2.vsnl.net.in>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 580
Dear friends,
I request anyone who can send me information on the role of superoxide
dismutase (SOD)  and catalase in the bleaching phenomina.
Also I want to know what is pink-line disease of corals and what way it
is connected in bleaching of corals.  It appears that this pink-line
disease is affecting corals in Lakkadweeep islands.
I will be grateful if it is explained to me.
Thankyou.
K. Venkataraman
dugong@md2.vsnl.net.in
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Sep 17 15:47:12 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA25144 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 17 Sep 1999 15:47:12 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA23591; Fri, 17 Sep 1999 15:52:23 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma023531; Fri, 17 Sep 99 15:51:41 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 17 Sep 1999 15:17:42 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA19065; Fri, 17 Sep 1999 18:49:18 GMT
Received: from austinx.pbsj.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA19273; Fri, 17 Sep 1999 14:49:12 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by AUSTINX with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
	id <STJKKHPX>; Fri, 17 Sep 1999 13:46:17 -0500
Message-Id: <F54550744074D211BC6B00A0C9E30EB75D13D1@MIAMIX>
From: "Precht, Bill" <Bprecht@pbsj.com>
To: "'coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov'" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Cc: "'Gerald M Friedman'" <gmfriedman@juno.com>
Subject: RE: General call for papers.
Date: Fri, 17 Sep 1999 13:28:05 -0500
MIME-Version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Precht, Bill" <Bprecht@pbsj.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 581
Dear Coral Reefers:
The geological journal "Carbonates and Evaporites" published by the
Northeastern Science Foundation, is soliciting geologically based coral reef
manuscripts for inclusion in upcoming issues.  A separate "reef section"
will be a regular feature of the journal - this is based on the tremendous
success of last year's special volume (v13,# 1, 1998) dedicated to the
"Geological Side of the International Year of the Reef".  Anyone interested
in submitting a manuscript should contact Reef Editor - William F. Precht at
the address listed below.
William F. Precht, P.G.
EcoSciences Program Manager
PBS&J
2001 NW 107th Avenue
Miami, Florida 33172  USA
phone: (305) 592-7275 x.488
fax: (305) 594-9574
email: Bprecht@pbsj.com
For other inquires about "Carbonates and Evaporites" or the Northeastern
Science Foundation please contact -
Dr. Gerald Friedman, Editor
Northeastern Science Foundation Inc., affliated with Brooklyn College,
Rensselaer Center of Applied Geology
P.O. Box 746, 15 Third Street
Troy, New York 12181-0746
email: gmfriedman@juno.com
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Sep 17 17:46:20 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA27952 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 17 Sep 1999 17:46:20 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA02519; Fri, 17 Sep 1999 17:51:33 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma002403; Fri, 17 Sep 99 17:50:40 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 17 Sep 1999 17:23:29 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA19840; Fri, 17 Sep 1999 21:11:39 GMT
Received: from fw0hub1.irm.r9.fws.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA18935; Fri, 17 Sep 1999 17:11:25 -0400 (EDT)
From: John_Field@fws.gov
Subject: RE: Addition to 1997-98 Mass Coral Bleaching
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Date: Fri, 17 Sep 1999 17:05:57 -0400
Message-Id: <OF38F1AAA9.0B1A5A9C-ON852567EF.00728812@irm.r9.fws.gov>
X-Priority: 3 (Normal)
X-MIMETrack: Serialize by Router on FW0HUB1/FWS/DOI(Release 5.0.1|July 16, 1999) at 09/17/1999
 03:03:48 PM
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: John_Field@fws.gov
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 582
     A recent posting from Clive Wilkinson and Tom Hourigan stated that
"Impacts on fisheries are probably the most important short- to medium-term
socioeconomic impact of bleaching."  This does not seem obvious to me and I
was wondering what others thought.  What, if any, evidence supports this?
*********************************
Jack Sobel, Director
Ecosystem Program
Center for Marine Conservation
1725 DeSales St. NW, Suite #600
Washington, DC  20036
Phone:  (202) 429-5609
Fax:  (202) 872-0619
Email:  jsobel@dccmc.org
I should preface my response by stating that I am not a socioeconomics
expert...however, I agree that fishery declines could be ONE of the most
important impacts of the global bleaching event.  Declines in ecotourism
and scuba diving revenue are probably near the top of the list as well.
As for evidence, the unprecedented nature of the last bleaching event
precludes a lot of historical analysis.  However, it seems intuitive that
current human socioeconomic gains from coral reefs are primarily extractive
or consumptive (notwithstanding the ecotourism/diving activity mentioned
above).  If the production of these reefs declines because of the bleaching
event (and that seems certain), then human socioeconomic gains are
subsequently going to decline in the short, mid, and maybe even long term.
This, of course, completely ignores the aesthetic, noneconomic value of the
reefs and the associated loss due to bleaching.
Just my two cents,
John Field
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Sep 17 20:48:56 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id UAA00207 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 17 Sep 1999 20:48:56 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA09987; Fri, 17 Sep 1999 20:56:24 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma009974; Fri, 17 Sep 99 20:56:20 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 17 Sep 1999 20:52:44 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id AAA21007; Sat, 18 Sep 1999 00:43:54 GMT
Received: from web130.yahoomail.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id UAA21013; Fri, 17 Sep 1999 20:43:48 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <19990918004855.21832.rocketmail@web130.yahoomail.com>
Received: from [12.79.46.8] by web130.yahoomail.com; Fri, 17 Sep 1999 17:48:55 PDT
Date: Fri, 17 Sep 1999 17:48:55 -0700 (PDT)
From: thorne abbott <thorneabbott@yahoo.com>
Subject: Literature / Info Request
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: thorne abbott <thorneabbott@yahoo.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 583
Dear Colleagues:
I would like to know if anyone is conducting, or has
published research on connectivity, patchiness, or
density dependent factors associated with coral reefs
and or coral restoration projects.  Most of the work I
am familiar with relates to the composition and
quality of substrate material.  Rather, I am keen on
applying landscape ecology analysis for habitat
fragmentation to coral reef systems.  Would the
results of a research endeavor of this nature be
beneficial to the science and my fellow marine
managers / scientists.
Your thoughts and contributions are exceptionally
appreciated.
Cheers'
Thorne Abbott
ThorneAbbott@yahoo.com
www.CoastalZone.org
__________________________________________________
Do You Yahoo!?
Bid and sell for free at http://auctions.yahoo.com
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Sep 17 20:59:09 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id UAA00398 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 17 Sep 1999 20:59:09 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA10522; Fri, 17 Sep 1999 21:06:36 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma010496; Fri, 17 Sep 99 21:05:37 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 17 Sep 1999 20:59:54 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id AAA21165; Sat, 18 Sep 1999 00:52:58 GMT
Received: from axis.scu.edu.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id UAA20324; Fri, 17 Sep 1999 20:52:50 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from alsvid.scu.edu.au (alsvid.scu.edu.au [203.2.33.1])
	by axis.scu.edu.au (8.9.1a/8.9.1) with ESMTP id KAA18790
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 18 Sep 1999 10:54:58 +1000 (EST)
Received: from [203.2.40.40] (s1h1p20.scu.edu.au [203.2.40.40])
	by alsvid.scu.edu.au (8.9.2/8.9.2) with ESMTP id KAA09547
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 18 Sep 1999 10:54:58 +1000 (EST)
X-Sender: pharriso@pophost.scu.edu.au
Message-Id: <l03020903b408901a8941@[203.2.40.40]>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Date: Sat, 18 Sep 1999 10:52:07 +1000
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Peter Harrison <pharriso@scu.edu.au>
Subject: New Review on Coral Reproduction
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Peter Harrison <pharriso@scu.edu.au>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 584
Colleagues,
I am in the process of writing a new review on the Biology and Ecology of
Scleractinian Coral Reproduction, and will be aiming to publish this next
year. The new review will synthesise all known information on this topic,
with particular emphasis on recent work since the previous major reviews by
Harrison and Wallace (1990), Richmond and Hunter (1990), and Fadlallah
(1983). I will be creating a website with tables of information including
all published information (and unpublished observations by colleagues) on
aspects of sexual pattern, mode of reproduction and spawning periodicity,
biogeographic patterns etc., so this should provide a valuable resource for
people wanting access to summaries of coral reproduction data. The review
will also include information from colleagues that is in the process of
being published, or is published in the 'grey' literature, reports etc.
Please contact me if you have any information on this topic that you would
like to see included, and I will provide updates to the coral-list as the
review progresses.
I look forward to hearing from you (and finishing this monster review!).
Peter
Dr Peter Harrison
Senior Lecturer in Ecology
School of Resource Science and Management
Southern Cross University
PO Box 157
Lismore NSW 2480
Australia
Phone: 0266 203774
Fax: 0266 212669
International: 61 266 203774
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Sep 18 05:41:18 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id FAA04217 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 18 Sep 1999 05:41:17 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id FAA26251; Sat, 18 Sep 1999 05:48:44 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma026238; Sat, 18 Sep 99 05:48:25 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 18 Sep 1999 05:45:11 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id JAA23126; Sat, 18 Sep 1999 09:33:35 GMT
Received: from engine2.dhivehinet.net.mv by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id FAA23268; Sat, 18 Sep 1999 05:33:24 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from wallison ([202.1.193.74]) by engine2.dhivehinet.net.mv
          (Post.Office MTA v3.5.3 release 223 ID# 0-58493U3000L300S0V35)
          with SMTP id mv; Sat, 18 Sep 1999 14:34:09 +0500
Message-Id: <001c01bf01b9$3fa4b680$4ac101ca@wallison>
From: "William Allison" <wallison@dhivehinet.net.mv>
To: <John_Field@fws.gov>, "coral_list" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
References: <OF38F1AAA9.0B1A5A9C-ON852567EF.00728812@irm.r9.fws.gov>
Subject: Re: Addition to 1997-98 Mass Coral Bleaching
Date: Sat, 18 Sep 1999 14:35:10 +0500
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2314.1300
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "William Allison" <wallison@dhivehinet.net.mv>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 585
A few words in support of Marine Protected Areas in the context of assessing
bleaching consequences.
The discussion of the follow on effects of the 1998 reef bleaching events on
fish communities and tourism etc. invites a reminder of the importance of
having and monitoring an adequate sample of totally protected areas. The
recurring monitoring questions I have are 'what were the previous impacts on
this reef and what are future impacts likely to be'. It seems to me that
data from a monitored system of totally protected areas are the only
effective and efficient way of (1) addressing the question posed about
follow-on effects, and more broadly (2) providing control data for any other
specific monitoring programs and EIA's that must be done, and (3) providing
data for higher level inferences about say, the state of the world's reefs.
Furthermore, establishing and monitoring such areas, and making the data
publicly available for the above purpose would seem to be a cost-effective
allocation of scarce public resources. Without this data, interpretation of
the data from many EIA's and research studies becomes problematic and to
that extent, the studies are a waste of money at best and a sham at worst
(but then so are many marine protected areas).
Sincerely,
Bill
William (Bill) Allison
Ma. Maadheli
Majeedhee Magu
Male 20-03
MALDIVES
Tel: (960) 32 9667
Fax: (960) 32 6884
email: wallison@dhivehinet.net.mv
In response to:
     A recent posting from Clive Wilkinson and Tom Hourigan stated that
"Impacts on fisheries are probably the most important short- to medium-term
socioeconomic impact of bleaching."  This does not seem obvious to me and I
was wondering what others thought.  What, if any, evidence supports this?
*********************************
Jack Sobel, Director
Ecosystem Program
Center for Marine Conservation
1725 DeSales St. NW, Suite #600
Washington, DC  20036
Phone:  (202) 429-5609
Fax:  (202) 872-0619
Email:  jsobel@dccmc.org
I should preface my response by stating that I am not a socioeconomics
expert...however, I agree that fishery declines could be ONE of the most
important impacts of the global bleaching event.  Declines in ecotourism
and scuba diving revenue are probably near the top of the list as well.
As for evidence, the unprecedented nature of the last bleaching event
precludes a lot of historical analysis.  However, it seems intuitive that
current human socioeconomic gains from coral reefs are primarily extractive
or consumptive (notwithstanding the ecotourism/diving activity mentioned
above).  If the production of these reefs declines because of the bleaching
event (and that seems certain), then human socioeconomic gains are
subsequently going to decline in the short, mid, and maybe even long term.
This, of course, completely ignores the aesthetic, noneconomic value of the
reefs and the associated loss due to bleaching.
Just my two cents,
John Field
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Sep 18 09:49:40 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA06173 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 18 Sep 1999 09:49:39 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA01729; Sat, 18 Sep 1999 09:57:07 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma001715; Sat, 18 Sep 99 09:56:57 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 18 Sep 1999 09:53:54 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA24965; Sat, 18 Sep 1999 13:44:20 GMT
Received: from bio.bu.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id JAA24972; Sat, 18 Sep 1999 09:44:14 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from localhost (lesk@localhost)
	by bio.bu.edu ((8.8.8.buoit.v1.0)/8.8.8/(BU-S-07/19/99-v1.1)) with SMTP id JAA22466;
	Sat, 18 Sep 1999 09:46:26 -0400 (EDT)
Date: Sat, 18 Sep 1999 09:46:26 -0400 (EDT)
From: Les Kaufman <lesk@bio.bu.edu>
To: John_Field@fws.gov
cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: RE: Addition to 1997-98 Mass Coral Bleaching
In-Reply-To: <OF38F1AAA9.0B1A5A9C-ON852567EF.00728812@irm.r9.fws.gov>
Message-Id: <Pine.SOL.3.96.990918094341.22120I-100000@bio.bu.edu>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Les Kaufman <lesk@bio.bu.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 586
Regarding the immediate Archie Bunker impacts of coral bleaching, I wonder
if even the news of heavy bleaching at a favorite dive destination might
not result in a drop in subscription.  I'n Lake Victoria, the mere
perception that something might be wrong with the exported fish has caused
import shut-downs by the EU and the loss of perhaps $1. * 10(8) in
revenues each time.
Les Kaufman
Boston University Marine Program
lesk@bio.bu.edu
617-353-5560 office
617-353-6965 lab
617-353-6340 fax
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Sep 18 11:16:20 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA06962 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 18 Sep 1999 11:16:19 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA04040; Sat, 18 Sep 1999 11:23:46 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma004012; Sat, 18 Sep 99 11:23:01 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 18 Sep 1999 11:20:01 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA25310; Sat, 18 Sep 1999 15:07:22 GMT
Message-Id: <199909181507.PAA25310@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Sat, 18 Sep 1999 11:58:24 +1000
Subject: Re: 9ICRS and East Timor
From: "Russell Kelley" <h2omark@ultra.net.au>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Russell Kelley" <h2omark@ultra.net.au>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 587
Distressing as it is, I feel it is time for the international community to
turn up the heat on Indonesia.  The military continue to manipulate all
things political and after 3 decades of detante and engangement by Australia
et.al. there have been NO meaningful  change.  People who are disturbed by
the events  currently being orchestrated by the Indonesian military in East
Timor might also want to have a good look at the Suharto military
government's record in West Irian and other areas as well.
Since Suharto's bloody rise to power the natural and human resources of the
Indonesian archipelago have been systematically looted for the gain of a
small clique of power brokers and their cronies.  The forests are now
largely stuffed and the reefs are enduring extreme human impacts that are
not likely to diminish.
Given the parlous state of the Indonesian economy and the population
pressure exerted by 210 million people, things are unlikely to get better.
The upcoming appointment of a succesor to Habibie is the only hope for a
change to the current military puppet government and its brutal, corrupt
culture.  Now is the the time for united strident criticism and pressure for
change.  Decades of  turning a blind eye has failed to change anything and
in the process we lost the biological crown jewels of Nature.
Numerous comments on Coral and other lists,  indicate that there is
widespread disenchantment about these issues within Indonesia.  These people
have a voice which can be democratically expressed, but the current
military government seeks to repress this by murder if necessary; its
unacceptable to have dialogue with a "government" that does this. How long
will it take to before we act collectively and say so?
Russell Kelley
Watermark Productions
Writer, director, producer, science communicator.
P.O. Box 1859, Townsville, 4810.
Australia
hemail: h2omark@ultra.net.au
61 (0)747 243106 ph.
61 (0)747 211477 fx.
61 (0)419 716730 mob.
GMT + 10 hours
----------
>From: "Ove Hoegh-Guldberg" <oveh@bio.usyd.edu.au>
>To: "Joel C. Creed" <jcreed@openlink.com.br>, <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
>Subject: RE: 9ICRS and East Timor
>Date: Fri, 17 Sep 1999 3:28 PM
>
>coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Sep 19 03:48:34 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id DAA14114 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 19 Sep 1999 03:48:34 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id DAA29502; Sun, 19 Sep 1999 03:53:46 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma029489; Sun, 19 Sep 99 03:53:30 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sun, 19 Sep 1999 03:50:28 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id HAA30002; Sun, 19 Sep 1999 07:22:46 GMT
Received: from mta1.tm.net.my by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id DAA11892; Sun, 19 Sep 1999 03:22:39 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from oemcomputer ([202.188.86.140]) by mta1.tm.net.my
          (InterMail v03.02.05 118 121 101) with SMTP
          id <19990919072435.PQLF636@oemcomputer>
          for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>;
          Sun, 19 Sep 1999 15:24:35 +0800
Message-Id: <000801bf02ed$6fd380e0$8c56bcca@oemcomputer>
From: "Don Baker" <dbaker@tm.net.my>
To: "cora;-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Malaysian Citizen Interest in The Reef Project Position
Date: Sun, 19 Sep 1999 15:20:59 -0700
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0005_01BF02B2.93B04420"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.3110.1
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Don Baker" <dbaker@tm.net.my>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 589
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_0005_01BF02B2.93B04420
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Greetings From Sabah, N. Borneo & THE REEF PROJECT
A few weeks ago, I sent in a request for CVs and associated interest =
materials with regards to the directorship position for THE REEF =
PROJECT.  This facility is located on the island of Gaya off Kota =
Kinabalu. Hosted by an upcoming & developing eco-resort, Gayana Resort, =
this research facility has an excellent opportunity for coral reef =
management and restoration right smack in the middle of the SE Asian =
"war zone" in coral reef conservation as well as marine resources.
I have received many responses from other countries. I am deeply =
concerned that I have yet to receive a CV or reply from a Malaysian =
citizen. [?] The Reef Project is required to solicite Malaysian citizens =
first & foremost for this position and only after a certain period of =
time will international applications be entertained.  All CV and emails =
received to date are still on record and file.
I will keep Coral-L updated on this matter.
Many thanks for the responses and CV!
Regards from Sabah, N. Borneo,
Don Baker
Director / Consultant
------=_NextPart_000_0005_01BF02B2.93B04420
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META content=3Dtext/html;charset=3Diso-8859-1 =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D'"MSHTML 4.72.3110.7"' name=3DGENERATOR>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Greetings From Sabah, N. Borneo =
&amp; THE REEF=20
PROJECT</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>A few weeks ago, I sent in a request =
for CVs and=20
associated interest materials with regards to the directorship position =
for THE=20
REEF PROJECT.&nbsp; This facility is located on the island of Gaya off =
Kota=20
Kinabalu. Hosted by an upcoming &amp; developing eco-resort, Gayana =
Resort, this=20
research facility has an excellent opportunity for coral reef management =
and=20
restoration right smack in the middle of the SE Asian &quot;war =
zone&quot; in=20
coral reef conservation as well as marine resources.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>I have received many responses from =
other=20
countries. I am deeply concerned that I have yet to receive a CV or =
reply from a=20
Malaysian citizen. [?] The Reef Project is required to solicite =
Malaysian=20
citizens first &amp; foremost for this position and only after a certain =
period=20
of time will international applications be entertained.&nbsp; All CV and =
emails=20
received to date are still on record and file.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>I will keep Coral-L updated on this=20
matter.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>Many thanks for the responses and CV!</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>Regards from Sabah, N. Borneo,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>Don Baker</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>Director / Consultant</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_000_0005_01BF02B2.93B04420--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Sep 19 07:19:58 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id HAA15716 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 19 Sep 1999 07:19:58 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA06236; Sun, 19 Sep 1999 07:25:11 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma006197; Sun, 19 Sep 99 07:24:18 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sun, 19 Sep 1999 07:21:11 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id KAA31292; Sun, 19 Sep 1999 10:55:50 GMT
Received: from ns2.wasantara.net.id by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id GAA31229; Sun, 19 Sep 1999 06:55:40 -0400 (EDT)
Received: (qmail 9521 invoked by uid 1002); 19 Sep 1999 11:46:35 -0000
Received: from manado.wasantara.net.id (202.159.87.163)
  by ns2.wasantara.net.id with SMTP; 19 Sep 1999 11:46:35 -0000
Received: from MANADO/SpoolDir by manado.wasantara.net.id (Mercury 1.40);
    19 Sep 99 18:55:19 GMT+0800
Received: from SpoolDir by MANADO (Mercury 1.40); 19 Sep 99 18:55:01 GMT+0800
Received: from armada (202.159.87.42) by manado.wasantara.net.id (Mercury 1.40);
    19 Sep 99 18:54:44 GMT+0800
Message-Id: <3.0.5.32.19990919175808.007d9ec0@manado.wasantara.net.id>
X-Sender: flotsam@manado.wasantara.net.id
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.5 (32)
Date: Sun, 19 Sep 1999 17:58:08 -0700
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: Erdmann/Mehta <flotsam@manado.wasantara.net.id>
Subject: To Bali or not to Bali....
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Erdmann/Mehta <flotsam@manado.wasantara.net.id>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 590
Dear Colleagues,
	I am writing in response to the current discussion amongst members of the
ISRS and coral reef research community in general regarding the
possibilities of moving the 9th ICRS from its current slated venue of Bali,
Indonesia, on the basis of political/human rights concerns over the East
Timor issue. I offer my perspective as a foreign scientist who has worked
in Indonesia for the past 8 years and who feels very strongly that it would
be a grave mistake to make a hasty and rash decision about the future of
the 9th ICRS based solely upon a highly politicized and emotionally-charged
issue. I will divide my comments into two primary arguments: 1) the
ineffectuality of a boycott of Bali 2000 and the danger of politicizing the
selection of ICRS hosts; and 2) the overwhelming importance, from both a
scientific and conservation perspective, of continually rotating the ICRS
to developing countries blessed with reef resources.
1)Dont politicize the ICRS.
	While no one can deny that the continuing tragedy in East Timor is worthy
of sharp international criticism and  even intervention, it is important to
realize that the circumstances in East Timor are not as black and white as
portrayed in the sensationalistic and manipulative international media. The
real "facts" of the Timor tragedy are far from clear, and the growing
attempt by the media at demonization of the Indonesian people as a whole is
terribly irresponsible and equally as worthy of international censure.  If
we add into this the complicity of many western nations (if not the
outright collaboration of the U.S. military) in the continuing military
operations in East Timor since its annexation in 1975, as well as the
current disarray in the Indonesian government and military in this troubled
transition period to true democracy for the entire archipelagic nation, it
is quite clear that the situation is at best muddled. I will spare the
coral-list readers a further dissertation on the history and current
situation in East Timor, as it is largely irrelevant to my arguments.
	More importantly, a boycott of Bali 2000 will have exactly zero impact on
the forces behind the tragedy in East Timor. Put frankly, the Indonesian
military and current transitional government couldn't give a wrasse's tail
about the ICRS. Moreover, we must not forget that in November of this year,
if all goes according to plan, Indonesia will make the true jump to
democracy in election of its first popularly-determined president. As such,
a decision against Bali 2000 will likely have no effect on the current
military and government leaders, who will hopefully be banished to a
shameful history in November. Rather, such a decision will only hurt the
very people upon whose shoulders the future of democracy and Indonesia's
coral reefs rests - students,scientists, NGO's and aspiring young
policy-makers. Continued international attacks on Indonesia's government
and people will only have the perverse effect of strengthening anti-western
sentiments and encouraging further isolationism, allowing the current
repressive regime to consolidate its power and set democracy back even
further in this country.
	Stepping back from Indonesia to view the larger repercussions of
politicization of the ICRS, the maxim "He who lives in glass houses should
not throw stones" immediately comes to mind. Politicizing the decision of
host selection for the ICRS opens a Pandora's box of ugly accusations. To
demonstrate this, allow me to turn this argument back into the court of
those who have voiced their opinions against Bali 2000. Using an extension
of their reasoning, I can not in good conscience attend a coral reef
meeting in Australia, Canada or the U.S. because of those nations'
governments' support for national mining and petroleum companies that are
systematically raping Indonesia's natural resources, degrading the lives
and destroying the livelihoods of her indigenous tribes, polluting her
rivers and seas and killing her reefs. Likewise, I would not be able to
attend a meeting in Brazil due to the wanton destruction of its
rainforests, clearly supported by its government's development policies. I
do not mean to pick a fight here, but merely point out the futility and
absurdity of politicizing the ICRS. We are scientists, not politicians; let
us keep our ICRS scientific and above the political fray.
2) The importance of holding the ICRS in developing tropical countries.
	While the arguments I present below are not specific justification for
holding the ICRS in Indonesia, I believe very strongly that it is important
to continuously rotate the ICRS to new host countries with coral reefs for
a number of scientific and conservation reasons. Considering the number of
tropical countries with coral reefs within their respective EEZ's, there is
no reason why the ICRS should ever be held in the same country twice, at
least not in the next century. This perspective may have some bearing on
the upcoming decision of the ISRS on the future of Bali 2000.
	Perhaps most importantly, the ICRS represents an unparalleled opportunity
for students, scientists and NGO's in developing countries to present their
research, network with other international researchers, and just plain
learn from the tremendous gathering of expertise that the ICRS represents.
Many of these people are only able to attend the ICRS when it is held
within their own country (or, in a best case scenario, in a neighboring
country); one need look no further than Panama 1996 to see the enthusiastic
participation of local and regional students and scientists. I think it is
a safe assumption to state that the 8th ICRS profoundly influenced the
lives and careers of many of those new and developing reef scientists from
Central and South America,  and reef science as a whole will certainly
benefit from this. It would be a real shame to deny this potential benefit
to Indonesia, where international development programs have spent enormous
amounts of time and money on developing marine sciences education, graduate
degree programs and  scientific infrastructure since the early 90's.
	Another reason which has frequently been cited as justification of
rotating the ICRS is the tremendous publicity that the meeting focuses on
the importance and plight of coral reefs in the host country and its
surrounding region. With an estimated 15% of the world's coral reefs (many
of which are considered among the most threatened in the world) within
Indonesia's boundaries, public awareness and concern for coral reefs in
this country could certainly benefit enormously from this publicity.
	But the benefits of holding the ICRS in different host countries every 4
years are not reserved only for the host country/region. Rather, this
policy benefits all reef scientists and managers. Surely we are all
thoroughly aware that reef ecosystems (and the threats to them) are
tremendously heterogenous and vary dramatically from region to region and
reef to reef. Ecological, geological and management paradigms developed
from intensive research on the Great Barrier Reef, Carribbean reefs or
French Polynesian reefs  often do not apply to reefs in less
thoroughly-researched areas of the world. In other cases, such paradigms
gain added support from research in far-flung areas. Either way, it is
extremely important for the continued development of our understanding of
coral reefs through space and time for us to expand our knowledge base of
reef systems. Holding the ICRS in different host countries allows
international researchers and managers first-hand experience of differences
and similarities in that country's reef systems, both through presentations
of or discussions with local scientists and through a well-planned
symposium field-trip schedule (currently under possible revision for Bali
2000!). Indonesia is firmly located in the center of modern reef organism
diversity and has very different oceanographic conditions than many
well-studied reef systems, yet Indonesia's reefs remain largely a black box
in terms of knowledge of species distributions and reef processes. From
this perspective alone (especially if the field trip schedule can be
improved), Indonesia should be a highly attractive place for international
coral reef researchers and managers to convene.
	One counter argument that has been raised against holding the ICRS in
developing countries in general and Indonesia in particular is the lack of
infrastructure and organizational capability to put together such a large
and important meeting. While this is most certainly a valid concern, I
believe that this problem is largely alleviated by a change in the way in
which the ICRS is organized. From my admittedly limited understanding of
the history of the ICRS, it seems that for the past 8 meetings, one or two
host institutions in the host country (e.g., STRI in Panama or U. Guam in
Guam) have largely taken the responsibility for organizing the meeting. For
the current ICRS, this responsibility appears to be "shared" (loosely
applied term) by the Indonesian Institute of Sciences and the  ISRS
Scientific Program Committee for 9ICRS. While some may feel that this
places an unneccessary burden on the ISRS, this seems to be a sound
solution to the problem of quality control and is well-worth the effort in
terms of the aforementioned benefits to reef science of holding the
conference in developing countries throughout the world.
	I apologize for the length of this discussion, but I feel it was necessary
to present a developed argument in favor of Bali 2000 on behalf of my
adopted country, where it is generally against cultural norms to enter into
verbal debate or publicly defend a point of view (hence the general lack of
response from Indonesian scientists on this debate). We must all accept the
eventual decision of the ISRS council on this important issue, but I urge
all those involved to at least consider the perspectives presented above
and not rush to a hasty decision based largely upon emotion. Though I
realize that this may not be possible due to time limitations, it would
clearly be best if we could await the results of deployment of the
international peace-keeping force to East Timor and the Indonesian
presidential election before making a final decision about the fate of 9th
ICRS.
Sincerely,
Mark V. Erdmann, PhD.
University of California, Berkeley
and
Indonesian Institute of Sciences' Center for Research and Development in
Oceanology
Pulau Bunaken, Sulawesi Utara, Indonesia
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep 20 11:44:58 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA06191 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 11:44:57 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA19833; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 11:52:27 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma019788; Mon, 20 Sep 99 11:52:07 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 11:49:03 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA40273; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 15:11:31 GMT
Message-Id: <199909201511.PAA40273@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Sun, 19 Sep 1999 09:36:19 -0400
From: roy king <lightwolf@email.msn.com>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: REEF CHECK PSA
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: roy king <lightwolf@email.msn.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 591
The following public service announcement is to inform you of a
Fund-raiser for REEF CHECK. It is primarily an Online project, but Postal
mail access will also be available. It will go online around Oct. 1st and
run until March 25, 2000.  If you have access to a newsletter, journal or
other publication that can run the PSA, it will be greatly appreciated. In
fact any way that you can help publicize the project will be very helpful.
Please contact me with questions or comments. Thank you, Roy King
    Coral Reefs are known as the Rain Forests of the sea.  They are being
decimated faster than they can regenerate!
   REEF CHECK, the volunteer coral reef education, monitoring and
management program, completed the first global survey on the health of the
planet's reefs in 1997. The results are crucial in evaluating human impact
on tropical seas, and on global warming. REEF CHECK methods and data are
widely used by marine scientists, international conservation programs, and
environmental groups in fifty countries around the world, and the program
has been instrumental in raising public and governmental awareness of the
deteriorating conditions of the world's oceans. But to continue, expand
and coordinate this vital work, funds are critically needed. Volunteer
scientists need funds to travel to remote locations such as Indonesia and
Africa to train local people. Basic skin diving gear is needed for poor
coastal villagers to participate in the community-based management of
their reefs, before it is too late. You can help.
   To raise funds for REEF CHECK, a home site on a 500 acre island near
Acadia National Park, Maine, USA is being raffled: one chance to win per
$20.00 donation. Black Island is a natural paradise with old growth
spruce, yellow-birch and rowan trees. Eagles and deer inhabit the high
rocky crown, and mink are native to the rugged shore and deep surrounding
waters. Only four homes will be allowed on the island, by restrictive
covenants. If you win you will receive the $450,000 property plus $150,000
to use, if you like, for your own island dream home.
   Please see www.helpandwin.com for details. And please spread the word
about this exciting opportunity to help save our oceans to your friends,
organizations and publications.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep 20 12:49:11 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA08358 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 12:49:11 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA27299; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 12:56:41 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma027273; Mon, 20 Sep 99 12:56:22 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 12:52:42 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA40822; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 16:43:06 GMT
Received: from acd.ufrj.br by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA40201; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 12:42:58 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from mn.mn.ufrj.br ([146.164.124.147])
	by acd.ufrj.br (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id NAA33372
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 13:34:39 -0300
Message-Id: <199909201634.NAA33372@acd.ufrj.br>
X-Sender: cbcastro@pop.openlink.com.br
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 4.0.2
Date: Mon, 20 Sep 1999 16:49:50 -0300
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: "Clovis B. Castro" <cbcastro@pobox.com>
Subject: Re: To Bali or not to Bali....
In-Reply-To: <3.0.5.32.19990919175808.007d9ec0@manado.wasantara.net.id>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Clovis B. Castro" <cbcastro@pobox.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 592
Dear Colleagues,
I believe Dr. Erdmann presented some good points in his comments of the
next ICRS "problem", although also with a strong emotional bias. By now, I
received several replies from my initial message. Some went directly to the
list, others did not. Emotionally speaking, the only two messages pro-Bali
came from people working in Indonesian institutions.
I agree that "ordinary" political issues should not prevent the selection
of a country to host an ICRS. Also, the rotation of host countries seems to
be a good policy. The only point I disagree is the comparison between the
effects that bad environmental or economic policies have on people with
direct manslaughter (by the thousands). Things may not be black and white,
but when a plebiscite is followed by the massacre of those who won it
(amost 80% of the votes) - this does not configure an ordinary situation.
In the latter case, I believe there is plenty of reasons to reject a
country as an ICRS host.
I believe most reef scientists would realize the difference between the
Indonesian people, its government, and extremists.
However, the most important contribution given by Dr. Erdmann was on the
time needed for a decision. Dr. Erdmann pointed out two coming events that
might change a decision of turning down Bali. (arrival of the international
peace-keeping force, which already happened; and the Indonesian
presidential election, due next November). I would not be sure what to do
if it depended on my decision alone. Also, I do not know the deadline for a
decision on Bali's Symposium. Is this a case where the later is the better?
What about postponing the symposium for a few months? We could gain much
needed time for a sound decision.
Best regards,
Clovis
-----------------------------------------------------
Dr. Clovis B. Castro
Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
Departamento de Invertebrados
Quinta da Boa Vista, Sao Cristovao
20940-040 - Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
email: cbcastro@pobox.com
fone +55-XX-21-5681314 ramal 261
celular +55-XX-21-99740913
fax: +55-XX-21-5681314 ramal 213
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep 20 13:09:34 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA08913 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 13:09:33 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA29874; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 13:17:03 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma029756; Mon, 20 Sep 99 13:16:21 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 13:04:32 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA40844; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 16:56:08 GMT
Received: from umigw.miami.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA40685; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 12:56:02 -0400 (EDT)
Received: (qmail 1215 invoked from network); 20 Sep 1999 16:58:16 -0000
Received: from aszmant2.rsmas.miami.edu (HELO szmant2.umigw.rsmas.miami.edu) (129.171.104.23)
  by umigw.miami.edu with SMTP; 20 Sep 1999 16:58:16 -0000
Message-Id: <3.0.1.32.19990920125711.006d83f8@umigw.miami.edu>
X-Sender: rcarter@umigw.miami.edu
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0.1 (32)
Date: Mon, 20 Sep 1999 12:57:11 -0400
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Rob Carter <rcarter@rsmas.miami.edu>
Subject: spawning summary in Florida keys
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Rob Carter <rcarter@rsmas.miami.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 593
FYI. More coral spawning. This is a summary of two months of spawning
observations in the Florida Keys
Tuesday Aug 3, 1999, Looe Key National Marine Sanctuary
	Several (3 out of approx. 10 observed) Montastraea faveolata colonies
spawned between 11:30 and 11:40 pm
	No Montastraea annularis (~ 5 colonies within our observation area)
observed spawning between 11:00 and 12:00 pm
	Sorry for the quality of the following observation, but I thought it might
be of some use: On our way out to the dive site, we passed a coral gamete
slick (detected by smell, not sight) just off the northern end of the reef.
Upon arriving on location, the passengers on a large dive boat informed us
that the "star corals" were spawning. Being that Montastraea faveolata
spawned later, I assume (?) that the early spawners were M. franksi.
Wednesday, Aug 4, 1999, Looe Key National Marine Sanctuary
	No spawning observed between 10:15 and 11:30 pm
*   *   *
Wednesday, Sep 1, 1999, Crocker Reef
	one Montastraea franksi colony spawned at 10:30 pm
	two Eusmilia fastigiata colonies released (separate) eggs and sperm about
10:45 pm
Thursday, Sep 2, 1999, Crocker Reef
	three M. franksi colonies seen spawning between 10:30 and 10:45 pm
	one Diploria strigosa colony spawned at approx. 11:15 (observed by another
member of my party)
Friday, Sep 3, 1999, Crocker Reef
	One M. faveolata colony spawned at 11:20 pm
Note: there were no M. annularis at our site on Crocker Reef, 45 - 55 feet
depth.
*  *  *
Did anyone look for Acropora palmata spawning?
- Rob Carter
<><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><>
Robert W. Carter                                          Rob Carter
University of Miami/RSMAS/MBF               1700 SW 1 Ave #601
4600 Rickenbacker Cswy                          Miami FL 33129
Miami FL 33149
305.361.4642 (w)                                        305.856.2715 (h)
305.361.4600 (fax)
rcarter@rsmas.miami.edu
<><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep 20 15:42:37 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA13628 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 15:42:36 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA21532; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 15:47:50 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma021485; Mon, 20 Sep 99 15:47:23 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 15:25:29 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA41600; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 19:10:44 GMT
Received: from falcon.tamucc.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id PAA41750; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 15:10:14 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from nrc3213-1.tamucc.edu (nrc3213-1.tamucc.edu [165.95.12.85])
	by falcon.tamucc.edu (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id OAA02526
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 14:12:32 -0500 (CDT)
Received: by nrc3213-1.tamucc.edu with Microsoft Mail
	id <01BF0372.15102D40@nrc3213-1.tamucc.edu>; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 14:11:50 -0500
Message-Id: <01BF0372.15102D40@nrc3213-1.tamucc.edu>
From: Wes Tunnell <jtunnell@falcon.tamucc.edu>
To: "coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>,
        "'Clovis B. Castro'" <cbcastro@pobox.com>
Subject: RE: To Bali or not to Bali....
Date: Mon, 20 Sep 1999 14:11:49 -0500
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Wes Tunnell <jtunnell@falcon.tamucc.edu>
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id PAA13628
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 594
Dear Coral Reefer Colleagues,
In regards to a shift in timing of the Bali 2000 conference, an extended move to the summer of 2001 would allow plenty of assessment time and might allow more academicians and students to attend.  Although I was not privy to the reason for selecting a "western" fall semester timeframe, it is the first time since I went to the 1985 meeting in Tahiti that the meeting has been "outside" the summer.  Although I plan to be there, and I am sure there were good reasons for selecting the fall timeframe, I believe some, perhaps many, academicians and students will find it difficult to attend, and especially participate in field trips.
Regards,
Wes Tunnell
Director, Center for Coastal Studies
Texas A&M University - Corpus Christi
----------
From: 	Clovis B. Castro
Sent: 	Monday, September 20, 1999 11:49 AM
To: 	coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: 	Re: To Bali or not to Bali....
Dear Colleagues,
I believe Dr. Erdmann presented some good points in his comments of the
next ICRS "problem", although also with a strong emotional bias. By now, I
received several replies from my initial message. Some went directly to the
list, others did not. Emotionally speaking, the only two messages pro-Bali
came from people working in Indonesian institutions.
I agree that "ordinary" political issues should not prevent the selection
of a country to host an ICRS. Also, the rotation of host countries seems to
be a good policy. The only point I disagree is the comparison between the
effects that bad environmental or economic policies have on people with
direct manslaughter (by the thousands). Things may not be black and white,
but when a plebiscite is followed by the massacre of those who won it
(amost 80% of the votes) - this does not configure an ordinary situation.
In the latter case, I believe there is plenty of reasons to reject a
country as an ICRS host.
I believe most reef scientists would realize the difference between the
Indonesian people, its government, and extremists.
However, the most important contribution given by Dr. Erdmann was on the
time needed for a decision. Dr. Erdmann pointed out two coming events that
might change a decision of turning down Bali. (arrival of the international
peace-keeping force, which already happened; and the Indonesian
presidential election, due next November). I would not be sure what to do
if it depended on my decision alone. Also, I do not know the deadline for a
decision on Bali's Symposium. Is this a case where the later is the better?
What about postponing the symposium for a few months? We could gain much
needed time for a sound decision.
Best regards,
Clovis
-----------------------------------------------------
Dr. Clovis B. Castro
Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
Departamento de Invertebrados
Quinta da Boa Vista, Sao Cristovao
20940-040 - Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
email: cbcastro@pobox.com
fone +55-XX-21-5681314 ramal 261
celular +55-XX-21-99740913
fax: +55-XX-21-5681314 ramal 213
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep 20 16:57:09 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA15483 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 16:57:09 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA01915; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 17:04:39 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma001861; Mon, 20 Sep 99 17:04:26 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 16:44:51 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA42239; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 20:27:34 GMT
Received: from aol11.wff.nasa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA24179; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 16:27:27 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from aol11.wff.nasa.gov (aol11.wff.nasa.gov [128.154.1.161])
	by aol11.wff.nasa.gov (8.8.5/8.8.5) with SMTP id QAA17446;
	Mon, 20 Sep 1999 16:29:09 -0400
Date: Mon, 20 Sep 1999 16:29:09 -0400 (EDT)
From: "C. W. Wright (1698)" <wright@osb1.wff.nasa.gov>
X-Sender: wright@aol11.wff.nasa.gov
To: Rob Carter <rcarter@rsmas.miami.edu>
cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Coral spawning optical properties
In-Reply-To: <3.0.1.32.19990920125711.006d83f8@umigw.miami.edu>
Message-Id: <Pine.LNX.3.95.990920162506.17388B-100000@aol11.wff.nasa.gov>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "C. W. Wright (1698)" <wright@osb1.wff.nasa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 595
Is anyone aware of any observations, papers, or work concerning the
optical properties of coral sperm/eggs or larvae?  I've done various
literature searches, but turned up nothing.
C W Wright
--<<< We are committed to exceeding requirements >>>----->-+
C.W. Wright,wright@osb.wff.nasa.gov,        Ph:757-824-1698
http://lidar.wff.nasa.gov                  Fax:603-925-6886
NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center
Building N-159 Room E117, Code 972,Wallops Flight Facility
Wallops Island, Va. 23337
-------+-<-------------------------------------------------
On Mon, 20 Sep 1999, Rob Carter wrote:
>
> FYI. More coral spawning. This is a summary of two months of spawning
> observations in the Florida Keys
>
> Tuesday Aug 3, 1999, Looe Key National Marine Sanctuary
> 	Several (3 out of approx. 10 observed) Montastraea faveolata colonies
> spawned between 11:30 and 11:40 pm
> 	No Montastraea annularis (~ 5 colonies within our observation area)
> observed spawning between 11:00 and 12:00 pm
> 	Sorry for the quality of the following observation, but I thought it might
> be of some use: On our way out to the dive site, we passed a coral gamete
> slick (detected by smell, not sight) just off the northern end of the reef.
> Upon arriving on location, the passengers on a large dive boat informed us
> that the "star corals" were spawning. Being that Montastraea faveolata
> spawned later, I assume (?) that the early spawners were M. franksi.
>
> Wednesday, Aug 4, 1999, Looe Key National Marine Sanctuary
> 	No spawning observed between 10:15 and 11:30 pm
>
> *   *   *
>
> Wednesday, Sep 1, 1999, Crocker Reef
> 	one Montastraea franksi colony spawned at 10:30 pm
> 	two Eusmilia fastigiata colonies released (separate) eggs and sperm about
> 10:45 pm
>
> Thursday, Sep 2, 1999, Crocker Reef
> 	three M. franksi colonies seen spawning between 10:30 and 10:45 pm
> 	one Diploria strigosa colony spawned at approx. 11:15 (observed by another
> member of my party)
>
> Friday, Sep 3, 1999, Crocker Reef
> 	One M. faveolata colony spawned at 11:20 pm
>
> Note: there were no M. annularis at our site on Crocker Reef, 45 - 55 feet
> depth.
>
> *  *  *
>
> Did anyone look for Acropora palmata spawning?
>
>
>
> - Rob Carter
>
>
> <><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><>
> Robert W. Carter                                          Rob Carter
> University of Miami/RSMAS/MBF               1700 SW 1 Ave #601
> 4600 Rickenbacker Cswy                          Miami FL 33129
> Miami FL 33149
>
> 305.361.4642 (w)                                        305.856.2715 (h)
> 305.361.4600 (fax)
>
> rcarter@rsmas.miami.edu
> <><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><>
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep 20 18:04:41 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id SAA16661 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 18:04:40 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA11710; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 18:09:53 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma011672; Mon, 20 Sep 99 18:09:24 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 18:05:51 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA42331; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 21:47:28 GMT
Received: from mail.utexas.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA42671; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 17:47:21 -0400 (EDT)
Received: (qmail 20538 invoked by uid 0); 20 Sep 1999 21:49:33 -0000
Received: from coral.zo.utexas.edu (HELO ?128.83.136.217?) (128.83.136.217)
  by umbs-smtp-3 with SMTP; 20 Sep 1999 21:49:33 -0000
Message-Id: <v01540b00b40c690743dc@[128.83.136.217]>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Date: Mon, 20 Sep 1999 16:52:00 -0600
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: d.k.hagman@mail.utexas.edu (Derek Hagman)
Subject: more coral spawning
Cc: tjohnson@statesman.com, tfriend@usatoday.com
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: d.k.hagman@mail.utexas.edu (Derek Hagman)
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 596
I apologize for the delay.......
Recent observations of mass spawning by reef corals at the Flower Garden Banks
National Marine Sanctuary, northwest Gulf of Mexico.
Sept. 2, 1999 (7th evening after the full moon, Aug 26th.)
Unusually rough weather prevented scuba diving operations, however an ROV
was deployed and the following information gathered:
Beginning around 20:30 Central Daylight Time (CDT) male colonies of
Montastraea cavernosa were observed spawning and continued well past 21:30.
Adjacent female colonies were observed spawning within minutes of male
sperm release.  Shortly after 21:15 CDT a few colonies of M. franksi, and
later (21:50) Diploria strigosa, were videoed spawning.  Both shallow (17
m) and deeper colonies down to 42 m were observed spawning during this time
period.  By 23:00 CDT a substantial gamete slick (considering the rough
surface conditions/4-5 seas) existed.
Sept. 3, 1999 (8th evening after the full moon, Aug 26th.)
The ROV was again deployed early to look for spawning activity prior to the
planned scuba ops.  Several bundle plumes but no direct observations of
spawning were made between 19:55-21:30 CDT.  Several Diploria colonies were
however observed spawning thereafter until roughly 22:00 CDT.
Spawning observations by scuba divers began around 21:30 CDT, with colonies
of Diploria strigosa (predominantly) and Montastraea franksi spawning.
Shortly after 22:15 CDT male, then female colonies of Stephanocoenia
intersepta began spawning prolifically.  By 23:00 CDT late divers observed
several colonies of Montastraea faveolata spawning.  This was projected
to>be the most intense night of spawning activity, unfortunately it proved
to
be a disappointment in comparison to previous years.  Neither D. strigosa
or M. franksi spawned with any great intensity, and no significant surface
slick was detected.
As in 1998, it appears that most of the spawning took place on the 7th
evening, one night earlier than anticipated based on the previous
observations made between 1991-1997.
Sept. 4, 1999 (9th evening after the full moon, Aug 26th.)
Few colonies of D. strigosa, M. franksi and Colpophyllia natans observed
spawning between 21:00-22:00 CDT.  This was expected to be and turnout to
be an "off night".
Sept. 5, 1999 (10th evening after the full moon, Aug 26th.)
Colpophyllia natans spawned between 20:40-21:10 CDT in large numbers as
expected.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep 20 19:32:56 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id TAA17705 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 19:32:56 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA19643; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 19:40:28 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma019624; Mon, 20 Sep 99 19:40:20 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 19:37:11 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id XAA42892; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 23:22:47 GMT
Received: from Njord.bart.nl by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id TAA42960; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 19:22:41 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from bart.nl (s025.rotterdam.bart.nl [194.158.175.25])
	by Njord.bart.nl (8.9.2/8.9.2) with ESMTP id BAA26538;
	Tue, 21 Sep 1999 01:24:49 +0200 (CEST)
Message-Id: <37E6C16F.306BF27F@bart.nl>
Date: Tue, 21 Sep 1999 01:21:19 +0200
From: Ed Colijn <edcolijn@bart.nl>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en] (Win95; I)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: To Bali or not to Bali....
References: <199909201634.NAA33372@acd.ufrj.br>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Ed Colijn <edcolijn@bart.nl>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 597
Dear Coral-list,
Not working in any Indonesian institution nor knowing the previous pro
Bali speakers on this list personally, I like to throw in my unbiased
two cents. I'm based in The Netherlands and the editor of a weekly
nature conservation related news letter for Indonesia which is not
funded and as such, except for my own limited (?) bias, objective.
Not emotionally speaking, the question here simply seems to be who do
you like to hurt and what do you like to achieve.
As Dr. Erdmann already pointed out (and knowing the political arena in
Indonesia I agree with him) "the Indonesian military and current
transitional government couldn't give a wrasse's tail about the ICRS"
nor the opinion of international (which includes Indonesian) coral
reseachers. My conclusion is thus that if you like to hurt those
responsible for the East Timor crisis, a boycot of the ICRS is simply
NOT the way to go because you're hurting and, by doing so, blaming the
wrong people! Moreover, all international actions that are not aimed at
those responsible and that are based on generalizations and
simplifications will feed Indonesian nationalism and, as such, you will
be playing the military's cards! The Indonesian military arena has
enough intriguers and certainly doesn't need help from outside.
I understand the genuine feelings of the people on this list who want to
make some sort of political statement and I like to offer a more
difficult, while political and not scientific, but EFFECTIVE
alternative.
The only way to hurt those responsible, i.e. the militia and Indonesian
military, is taking away the support from western governments while
simultaneously strengthening ties with the many courageous people in
Indonesia who like to see their country change. I say courageous because
a lot of these people find themselves fighting similar powers as the
ones that are responsible for the East Timor crisis which makes this
whole discussion more painful. Taking away western support from the
militairy already proved to be the way to go: there has been a major
breakthrough in the East Timor crisis after the US declared a halt in
their military co-operation. In my opinion this has been THE
international initiative that led to the acception of an international
peacekeeping force since cutting financial aid, trading boycots or
whatever other action taken won't hurt them, at least not on short
notice.
Dr. Erdmann didn't elaborate on the political background but I think
some background is needed here to be able to pass a sound judgement.
Most major western powers have been involved in supporting the
Indonesian military for the past 34 years and as such are at least
partly responsible for the current East Timor crisis. It's my believe
that international politicans were very well able to foresee the
violence as since the invasion of East Timor in 1975, supported by the
same players, an estimated 200,000 East Timorese have lost their lives.
Moreover, the same politicians have been warned by local UN informants
that a major uprising was very likely to occur. In this respect I hope
that the international coral research community will not make the same
mistake by not listening to the arguments of the people who work in
Indonesia and know the country and its political arena. Their comments
on this list are not based on emotions but on facts.
The alternative
If you really like to see something change in Indonesia point your
arrows at your governments and tell them you don't accept any renewed
support of the military or lucrative arms deals from your national
military industries as long as human rights are not respected and the
military's involvement in the environmental destruction in Indonesia is
not stopped.
As for strengthen ties, I think that this note speaks for itself. Coral
researchers with a heart for the world's coral reefs should attend the
ICRS in Bali and share their experience, knowledge and enthousiasm with
Indonesian students, scientists, NGO's and aspiring young policy-makers
who are trying to change and achieve something in Indonesia.
One final remark
Please don't generalize but try to shade emotional issues: support the
good, fight the bad and try to persuade the majority; think twice before
stating your opinion. Too much damage has already been done by emotional
and hasty calls for action.
Asalam'alaikum (may peace be with you),
Ed Colijn
edcolijn@bart.nl
The Indonesian Nature Conservation Database
http://www.bart.nl/~edcolijn/
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep 20 20:51:40 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id UAA18793 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 20:51:40 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA26301; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 20:56:53 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma026192; Mon, 20 Sep 99 20:56:09 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 20:46:19 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id AAA43625; Tue, 21 Sep 1999 00:31:34 GMT
Received: from kgsserver.kgs.ukans.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id UAA42005; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 20:31:28 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from kgs.ukans.edu ([129.237.141.86]) by kgsserver.kgs.ukans.edu
          (Netscape Messaging Server 3.5)  with ESMTP id 307;
          Mon, 20 Sep 1999 19:34:24 -0500
Message-Id: <37E6D4BE.9554FFBA@kgs.ukans.edu>
Date: Mon, 20 Sep 1999 18:45:01 -0600
From: "Bob Buddemeier" <buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.6 (Macintosh; I; PPC)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Ed Colijn <edcolijn@bart.nl>
CC: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: To Bali or not to Bali....
References: <199909201634.NAA33372@acd.ufrj.br> <37E6C16F.306BF27F@bart.nl>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Bob Buddemeier" <buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 598
Mr. Colijn's 'objective' sentiments are noble but unrealistic.
International meetings cannot be undertaken, and certainly not reliably
funded, without government approval at the ministerial level.  It is my
understanding that in the negotiations for the ICRS, the Indonesian
government (which is now a previous government and will be either one or
two governments further back by late next year) agreed to issue visas to
all legitimate reef scientists -- 'as long as they aren't involved in
politics.'  It is a matter of experience that at least one prominent
reef scientist has been denied entry to the country in far more peacable
and stable times.  Just what do we think the odds are that the
Indonesian government will issue visas to all of those reef scientists
who have been calling on their own governments not to support the
Indonesian government?  Politics, indeed.  Indonesia has treated visas
as it has elections --a privilege to be granted as a tool of the
government rather than a right.  There is, in my opinion, no practical
way for taking action to support Indonesian scentists and people from
within the country that would not be blocked or co-opted by an
increasingly desparate and unstable regime.  Those who want to go on a
people-to-people excursion or a children's crusade should start their
own, and not expect the ISRS and the reef science community to conduct
one for them.
Bob Buddemeier
Ed Colijn wrote:
>
> Dear Coral-list,
>
> Not working in any Indonesian institution nor knowing the previous pro
> Bali speakers on this list personally, I like to throw in my unbiased
> two cents. I'm based in The Netherlands and the editor of a weekly
> nature conservation related news letter for Indonesia which is not
> funded and as such, except for my own limited (?) bias, objective.
>
> Not emotionally speaking, the question here simply seems to be who do
> you like to hurt and what do you like to achieve.
>
> As Dr. Erdmann already pointed out (and knowing the political arena in
> Indonesia I agree with him) "the Indonesian military and current
> transitional government couldn't give a wrasse's tail about the ICRS"
> nor the opinion of international (which includes Indonesian) coral
> reseachers. My conclusion is thus that if you like to hurt those
> responsible for the East Timor crisis, a boycot of the ICRS is simply
> NOT the way to go because you're hurting and, by doing so, blaming the
> wrong people! Moreover, all international actions that are not aimed at
> those responsible and that are based on generalizations and
> simplifications will feed Indonesian nationalism and, as such, you will
> be playing the military's cards! The Indonesian military arena has
> enough intriguers and certainly doesn't need help from outside.
>
> I understand the genuine feelings of the people on this list who want to
> make some sort of political statement and I like to offer a more
> difficult, while political and not scientific, but EFFECTIVE
> alternative.
>
> The only way to hurt those responsible, i.e. the militia and Indonesian
> military, is taking away the support from western governments while
> simultaneously strengthening ties with the many courageous people in
> Indonesia who like to see their country change. I say courageous because
> a lot of these people find themselves fighting similar powers as the
> ones that are responsible for the East Timor crisis which makes this
> whole discussion more painful. Taking away western support from the
> militairy already proved to be the way to go: there has been a major
> breakthrough in the East Timor crisis after the US declared a halt in
> their military co-operation. In my opinion this has been THE
> international initiative that led to the acception of an international
> peacekeeping force since cutting financial aid, trading boycots or
> whatever other action taken won't hurt them, at least not on short
> notice.
>
> Dr. Erdmann didn't elaborate on the political background but I think
> some background is needed here to be able to pass a sound judgement.
> Most major western powers have been involved in supporting the
> Indonesian military for the past 34 years and as such are at least
> partly responsible for the current East Timor crisis. It's my believe
> that international politicans were very well able to foresee the
> violence as since the invasion of East Timor in 1975, supported by the
> same players, an estimated 200,000 East Timorese have lost their lives.
> Moreover, the same politicians have been warned by local UN informants
> that a major uprising was very likely to occur. In this respect I hope
> that the international coral research community will not make the same
> mistake by not listening to the arguments of the people who work in
> Indonesia and know the country and its political arena. Their comments
> on this list are not based on emotions but on facts.
>
> The alternative
>
> If you really like to see something change in Indonesia point your
> arrows at your governments and tell them you don't accept any renewed
> support of the military or lucrative arms deals from your national
> military industries as long as human rights are not respected and the
> military's involvement in the environmental destruction in Indonesia is
> not stopped.
>
> As for strengthen ties, I think that this note speaks for itself. Coral
> researchers with a heart for the world's coral reefs should attend the
> ICRS in Bali and share their experience, knowledge and enthousiasm with
> Indonesian students, scientists, NGO's and aspiring young policy-makers
> who are trying to change and achieve something in Indonesia.
>
> One final remark
>
> Please don't generalize but try to shade emotional issues: support the
> good, fight the bad and try to persuade the majority; think twice before
> stating your opinion. Too much damage has already been done by emotional
> and hasty calls for action.
>
> Asalam'alaikum (may peace be with you),
>
> Ed Colijn
> edcolijn@bart.nl
>
> The Indonesian Nature Conservation Database
> http://www.bart.nl/~edcolijn/
--
Dr. Robert W. Buddemeier
Senior Scientist, Geohydrology
Kansas Geological Survey
University of Kansas
1930 Constant Ave.
Lawrence, KS 66047
ph (785) 864-3965
fax (785) 864-5317
buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu
http://http://water.kgs.ukans.edu
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep 20 21:45:22 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id VAA19308 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 21:45:21 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA03834; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 21:52:52 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma003811; Mon, 20 Sep 99 21:52:40 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 21:49:38 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id BAA43485; Tue, 21 Sep 1999 01:33:42 GMT
Received: from lorica.ucc.usyd.edu.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id VAA41878; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 21:33:32 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from [129.78.177.114] (a08pc-114.bio.usyd.edu.AU [129.78.177.114])
	by lorica.ucc.usyd.edu.au (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id LAA08630
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 21 Sep 1999 11:35:34 +1000 (EST)
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
X-Sender: alark@mail.usyd.edu.au
Message-Id: <v04020a00b40c7cb8affc@[129.78.177.114]>
In-Reply-To: <3.0.5.32.19990919175808.007d9ec0@manado.wasantara.net.id>
Date: Tue, 21 Sep 1999 11:36:55 +1000
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Tony Larkum <alark@bio.usyd.edu.au>
Subject: Re: To Bali or not to Bali....
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Tony Larkum <alark@bio.usyd.edu.au>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 599
Dear Colleagues,
	We have a situation in East Timor where violations of human rights
and outright murder have occurred on a massive scale.  Even the UN
acknowledges Indonesian military complicity in this situation.  As the
peace-keeping force goes in we are likely to be told of mounting horrors.
Political instability in Indonesia is likely to rise in the next year.  The
organisers of the 9th ISRS should be keeping a close eye on developments
and be prepared, in the near future, to take the ISRS elsewhere.
Tony Larkum
Prof. A.W.D. Larkum
School of Biological Sciences (A12)
University of Sydney
NSW 2006
Australia
Tel 61 2 9351 2069
Fax 61 2 9351 4119
http://www-personal.usyd.edu.au/~alark
http://www.bio.usyd.edu.au/SOBS/admin/staff/larkum.html
http://www.com.univ-mrs.fr/IRD/cyano
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Sep 21 06:11:09 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id GAA24253 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 21 Sep 1999 06:11:09 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id GAA12007; Tue, 21 Sep 1999 06:16:21 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma011941; Tue, 21 Sep 99 06:15:40 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 21 Sep 1999 06:12:37 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id JAA45311; Tue, 21 Sep 1999 09:24:17 GMT
Received: from relay4.hawaii.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id FAA45055; Tue, 21 Sep 1999 05:24:10 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from uhunix1.its.hawaii.edu ([128.171.44.6]) by relay4.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <373786(8)>; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 23:26:19 -1000
Received: from localhost by uhunix1.its.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <135726(1)>; Mon, 20 Sep 1999 23:26:12 -1000
Date: 	Mon, 20 Sep 1999 23:26:08 -1000
From: "J. Charles Delbeek" <delbeek@hawaii.edu>
X-Sender: delbeek@uhunix1
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: To Bali or not to Bali....
In-Reply-To: <37E6D4BE.9554FFBA@kgs.ukans.edu>
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.10.9909202314020.16918-100000@uhunix1>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "J. Charles Delbeek" <delbeek@hawaii.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 600
I think the issues here are many and complex. To move the ISRS meetings
might or might not send a political message, but at the very least it lets
the organisers of the conference exercise their moral stance based on the
human rights violations taking place in East Timor. However, if they are
not comfortable doing so, then the meetings could still be held but those
planning on attending can then make the decision on their own whether to
attend or not. Finally, perhaps one overall concern should be the welfare
and saftety of those attending the conference??
I am not sure why it takes this action in East Timor to highlite what has
long been known about the Indonesian government and their history of human
rights violations. I would ask the question, why was this country chosen
in the first place to host the meetings? If there are objections about
human rights violations now, where were those objections back in Panama
and what were the reasons then for ignoring them? I mean the track record
of this country in not new.
J. Charles Delbeek
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Sep 21 08:48:08 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA27680 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 21 Sep 1999 08:48:07 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA27280; Tue, 21 Sep 1999 08:55:40 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma027213; Tue, 21 Sep 99 08:55:05 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 21 Sep 1999 08:52:00 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA46802; Tue, 21 Sep 1999 12:09:51 GMT
Received: from smtp4.erols.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id IAA47025; Tue, 21 Sep 1999 08:09:41 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from erols.com (207-172-252-9.s66.as2.rkv.md.dialup.rcn.com [207.172.252.9])
	by smtp4.erols.com (8.8.8/smtp-v1) with ESMTP id IAA14280;
	Tue, 21 Sep 1999 08:11:52 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <37E77530.931CFAB2@erols.com>
Date: Tue, 21 Sep 1999 08:08:16 -0400
From: John Ware <jware@erols.com>
Organization: SeaServices, Inc.
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.02 [en]C-DIAL  (Win95; U)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: "coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Bali 2000
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: John Ware <jware@erols.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 601
Dear List,
I hope we don't lose sight of the important fact that the ISRS does not
have as its primary purpose a political statement. Rather the ISRS is
meant to be a gathering of as many reef scientists and students as
possible with the intent of maximal information exchange.
It is already clear from the interchange of messages on this List that
some (perhaps many) potential attendees will not go to Bali for any of a
number of reasons: 1- 'political' or philosophical disagreements with
government policies; 2- having been denied entry visas by a possibly
biased government (as Bob has pointed out); or 3- [my favorite] now
becoming worried as to their personal safety and that of the spouses
they may choose to bring along.
ISRS Bali 2000 may have already lost its primary purpose and may
degenerate in to a small gathering that is not truly representative of
the coral reef science community.
John
--
     *************************************************************
     *                                                           *
     *                       John R. Ware, PhD                   *
     *                          President                        *
     *                       SeaServices, Inc.                   *
     *                    19572 Club House Road                  *
     *                Montgomery Village, MD, 20886              *
     *                        301 987-8507                       *
     *                       jware@erols.com                     *
     *                      fax: 301 987-8531                    *
     *                                          _                *
     *                                         |                 *
     *   ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ *
     *                                        _|_                *
     *                                       | _ |               *
     *        _______________________________|   |________       *
     *     |\/__ Undersea Technology for the 21st Century \      *
     *     |/\____________________________________________/      *
     **************************************************************
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Sep 23 15:02:00 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA06870 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 23 Sep 1999 15:02:00 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA19742; Thu, 23 Sep 1999 15:09:33 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma019644; Thu, 23 Sep 99 15:08:40 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 23 Sep 1999 15:05:34 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA64554; Thu, 23 Sep 1999 18:52:48 GMT
Received: from canudos.ufba.br by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA64698; Thu, 23 Sep 1999 14:52:30 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from default (sl76.ufba.br [192.188.11.76])
	by canudos.ufba.br (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id VAA41872;
	Tue, 21 Sep 1999 21:00:07 -0200
Message-Id: <199909212300.VAA41872@canudos.ufba.br>
From: "Ruy Kenji P. Kikuchi" <kikuchi@ufba.br>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Cc: <ray@cdl.com.br>
Subject: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Anemones/Cura=E7ao?=
Date: Tue, 21 Sep 1999 20:53:26 -0300
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Priority: 3
X-Mailer: Microsoft Internet Mail 4.70.1155
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Ruy Kenji P. Kikuchi" <kikuchi@ufba.br>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from Quoted-Printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id PAA06870
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 602
Dear coral-listers,
A friend of mine who works with molecular biology of sea-anemones is
seeking someone who could collect some anemones in Curaao for a comparison
with Brazilian species. If there is someone who would be interested in help
him or in any kind of collaboration please make contact directly with him
at
Paulo Vianna
Departamento de Cincias Biolgicas
Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana
Projeto REVIZEE
e-mail: ray@cdl.com.br
Thank you for your time
Ruy
Ruy Kenji Papa de Kikuchi
Departamento de Cincias Exatas
Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana
BR 116, Km3 s/n, Campus Universitrio
CEP 44.031-460, Feira de Santana, Bahia
Brasil
rkpkikuchi@geocities.com
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Sep 23 15:23:33 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA07547 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 23 Sep 1999 15:23:32 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA22596; Thu, 23 Sep 1999 15:31:07 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma022577; Thu, 23 Sep 99 15:31:05 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 23 Sep 1999 15:28:01 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA65046; Thu, 23 Sep 1999 19:12:22 GMT
Message-Id: <199909231912.TAA65046@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: "sapta Putra" <sapta_gt@hotmail.com>
To: flotsam@manado.wasantara.net.id, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: To Bali or not to Bali....
Date: Thu, 23 Sep 1999 21:50:54 EST
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "sapta Putra" <sapta_gt@hotmail.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 603
Dear Erdmann and coral listers
Thank you for your positive comment.
As Erdman has experience working in Manado, I also have experience in many
part of Indonesia. The situation in East Timor cannot be generalized
throught out Indonesia. There many part of Indonesia have much better
human right performance than East Timor.
I have involved to encourage local governments and local NGOs to conserve
coral reef ecosystem since 1997 through COREMAP. Some of them gradually
implement the program to protect their reefs. So, if international reef
scientiest boycot the 9ICRS due to the East Timor problems, then the
boycot will not affect military attitude but descourage local government
innitiatives to conserve their reefs.
So, before the reef scientiests make decision please consider whether your
decision will change the situation in East Timor or descourage the coral
reef conservation program in Indonesia.
Kind regards
Sapta Putra Ginting
School of Tropical Environment Studies and Geography
James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811
Phone:(07)4781 4913 Fax:(07)4781 4020
email: sapta.putra@jcu.edu.au; sapta_gt@hotmail.com
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Sep 23 16:10:48 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA08829 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 23 Sep 1999 16:10:47 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA28124; Thu, 23 Sep 1999 16:16:04 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028059; Thu, 23 Sep 99 16:15:11 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 23 Sep 1999 16:11:30 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA65384; Thu, 23 Sep 1999 20:01:11 GMT
Received: from hotmail.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA65601; Thu, 23 Sep 1999 16:01:00 -0400 (EDT)
Received: (qmail 65590 invoked by uid 0); 22 Sep 1999 22:16:34 -0000
Message-Id: <19990922221634.65589.qmail@hotmail.com>
Received: from 208.136.102.83 by www.hotmail.com with HTTP;
	Wed, 22 Sep 1999 15:16:33 PDT
X-Originating-IP: [208.136.102.83]
From: "Flinn Curren" <flinnc@hotmail.com>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Live Rock Definition?
Date: Wed, 22 Sep 1999 15:16:33 PDT
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Flinn Curren" <flinnc@hotmail.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 604
Dear Coral Listers,
1.  In the aquarium trade, how do retailers distinguish between "live rock"
and "coral" when both corals and calcarious algae are found on the same
specimen?
2.  In jurisdictions allowing export of live rock but not coral, how are
they differentiated?
Here in American Samoa, one company has recently started to collect live
rock and some aquarium fish for export on a weekly basis.
Please send comments directly to me at: flinnc@hotmail.com
Thanks.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Flinn Curren                                    phone:  (684) 633-4456
Department of Marine & Wildlife Resources	fax:    (684) 633-5944
American Samoan Government
P.O. Box 3730
Pago Pago, American Samoa 96799
USA
e-mail:	flinnc@hotmail.com	or
        curren.davison@samoatelco.com
---------------------------------------------------------------------
______________________________________________________
Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Sep 23 16:10:50 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA08838 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 23 Sep 1999 16:10:49 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA28126; Thu, 23 Sep 1999 16:16:04 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028063; Thu, 23 Sep 99 16:15:14 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 23 Sep 1999 16:11:31 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA65590; Thu, 23 Sep 1999 20:00:33 GMT
Received: from mail.caribe.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA47220; Thu, 23 Sep 1999 16:00:19 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from default (ppp137.204dip.netdial.caribe.net [209.91.204.137])
	by mail.caribe.net (8.9.0/8.9.0) with SMTP id QAA07997
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 22 Sep 1999 16:15:27 -0400 (AST)
Message-Id: <000301bf0536$842edda0$89cc5bd1@default>
From: "Ernesto Weil" <eweil@caribe.net>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Bleaching in PR.
Date: Wed, 22 Sep 1999 15:15:36 -0400
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_007A_01BF050D.524C2960"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.2106.4
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.2106.4
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Ernesto Weil" <eweil@caribe.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 605
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_007A_01BF050D.524C2960
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
I observed the first pale colonies of D.labyrinthiformis, Porites and =
Montastraea last week. This week, minor bleaching was observed at =
Turrumote, Pinnacles and Media Luna reefs of La Parguera. Several =
colonies of M.franksi, M.cavernosa, M.faveolata, M. annularis, =
P.astreoides, P.porites, C. natans, S.siderea, M.memorialis, =
M.meandrites, S.intersepta and all three Milleporids (alcicornis, =
squarrosa and complanata) showed bleached areas. I also observed for the =
first time, completely bleached  Scolymia cubensis. Water temperatures =
are warm but not excesively warm (29 degrees).=20
Bleaching started at about the same time as last year. Last year few  =
colonies of different species were starting to show signs of bleaching =
about two weeks before Hurricane George's hit us. After the hurricane, =
bleaching was intense and widespread.  =20
Cheers,=20
Dr. Ernesto Weil
Depart. of Marine Sciences, UPR
PO BOX 908 Lajas PR 00667
Ph. (787) 899-2048 x. 241
FAX (787) 899-2630/899-5500.
------=_NextPart_000_007A_01BF050D.524C2960
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META content=3Dtext/html;charset=3Diso-8859-1 =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D'"MSHTML 4.72.2106.6"' name=3DGENERATOR>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>I observed the first pale colonies of=20
<EM>D.labyrinthiformis</EM>, <EM>Porites </EM>and <EM>Montastraea =
</EM>last=20
week. This week, m</FONT>inor bleaching was observed at Turrumote, =
Pinnacles and=20
Media Luna reefs of La Parguera. Several colonies of <EM>M.franksi, =
M.cavernosa,=20
M.faveolata, M. annularis, P.astreoides, P.porites, C. natans, =
S.siderea,=20
M.memorialis, M.meandrites, S.intersepta</EM> and all three Milleporids=20
(<EM>alcicornis, squarrosa </EM>and <EM>complanata</EM>) showed bleached =
areas.=20
I also observed for the first time, completely bleached&nbsp; =
<EM>Scolymia=20
cubensis</EM>. Water temperatures are warm but not excesively warm (29 =
degrees).=20
</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Bleaching started at about the same =
time as last=20
year. Last year few&nbsp; colonies of different species were starting to =
show=20
signs of bleaching about two weeks before Hurricane George's hit us. =
After the=20
hurricane, bleaching was intense and widespread.&nbsp;&nbsp; =
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Cheers, </FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Dr. Ernesto Weil<BR></FONT><FONT =
color=3D#000000=20
size=3D2>Depart. of Marine Sciences, UPR<BR>PO BOX 908 Lajas PR =
00667<BR>Ph. (787)=20
899-2048 x. 241<BR>FAX (787) =
899-2630/899-5500.</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_000_007A_01BF050D.524C2960--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Sep 23 17:59:27 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA11877 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 23 Sep 1999 17:59:27 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA06783; Thu, 23 Sep 1999 18:07:01 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma006762; Thu, 23 Sep 99 18:06:56 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 23 Sep 1999 18:03:31 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA65836; Thu, 23 Sep 1999 21:37:46 GMT
Received: from out3.prserv.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA65791; Thu, 23 Sep 1999 17:37:41 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from out2.prserv.net (out2.prserv.net [165.87.194.229])
	by out3.prserv.net (/) with ESMTP id PAC12136
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 22 Sep 1999 15:56:21 GMT
Received: from desktop2 (slip202-135-133-199.jk.id.ibm.net [202.135.133.199])
	by out2.prserv.net (/) with SMTP id PAA30280
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 22 Sep 1999 15:55:01 GMT
Message-Id: <199909221555.PAA30280@out2.prserv.net>
From: "Dean Boulding" <deanb@ibm.net>
To: "coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Wed, 22 Sep 1999 22:07:27 +0700
Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: PMMail 98 Standard (2.01.1600) For Windows 98 (4.10.2222)
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Subject: Re: To Bali or not to Bali....
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Dean Boulding" <deanb@ibm.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 606
Whew!
I am just back home to Jakarta from a week away (at a conference in Bali, as it
happens) and have finally caught up on my email.  Although there has already been a
fair bit of discussion on the pros and cons of holding the conference in Bali, much
of the information presented seems at odds with my own experience:
Dr. Castro writes:
<<<The only point I disagree is the comparison between the effects that bad
environmental or economic policies have on people with direct manslaughter (by the
thousands). Things may not be black and white, but when a plebiscite is followed by
the massacre of those who won it (amost 80% of the votes) - this does not configure
an ordinary situation. In the latter case, I believe there is plenty of reasons to
reject a country as an ICRS host.
I believe most reef scientists would realize the difference between the
Indonesian people, its government, and extremists. >>>
The first point above rings true, but I would suggest a small caveat:  it appears
that hundreds have been killed, and thousands may have, but we can't say with any
certainty at the moment that thousands have been killed.  If the death toll does
get that high, FWIW, it is likely that starvation and disease will be largely
responsible (if that makes it any better for anyone).  The oft-cited 200,000 killed
in the 70s and 80s were almost all from starvation and disease, not bullets.
The second point is one I would like to make also.  My impression is very different
from that of Dr. Erdmann:  I think that the international press has been very good
at distinguishing between the Indonesian people and a few lunatics.  CNN excepted,
of course.
Ed Colijn writes:
<<<As Dr. Erdmann already pointed out (and knowing the political arena in
Indonesia I agree with him) "the Indonesian military and current
transitional government couldn't give a wrasse's tail about the ICRS"
nor the opinion of international (which includes Indonesian) coral
reseachers. My conclusion is thus that if you like to hurt those
responsible for the East Timor crisis, a boycot of the ICRS is simply
NOT the way to go because you're hurting and, by doing so, blaming the
wrong people! >>
The first part is right; the second does not follow.  Indonesian politics is about
power; we are witnessing a power struggle.  If a conference is cancelled, no one
will talk about it (except perhaps to complain about foreigners), but if it goes
ahead it will be raised as an example of how Indonesia has been able to retain its
role in the world community.  Like it or not, holding a conference here helps those
for and against reform; cancelling it hurts both parties.
<<<If you really like to see something change in Indonesia point your
arrows at your governments and tell them you don't accept any renewed
support of the military or lucrative arms deals from your national
military industries as long as human rights are not respected and the
military's involvement in the environmental destruction in Indonesia is
not stopped.>>>
Not likely to be effective.  World military aid to Indonesia was miniscule last
year.  Anyway, these politics and power struggles are intensely domestic, and the
participants place international attention a distant second.  Think back to the
four students killed at Kent State years ago:  did the American military care what
the Canadian, or Indonesian, governments said?
Bob Buddemeir writes:
<<<It is my understanding that in the negotiations for the ICRS, the Indonesian
government (which is now a previous government and will be either one or
two governments further back by late next year) agreed to issue visas to
all legitimate reef scientists -- 'as long as they aren't involved in
politics.'  It is a matter of experience that at least one prominent
reef scientist has been denied entry to the country in far more peacable
and stable times.  Just what do we think the odds are that the
Indonesian government will issue visas to all of those reef scientists
who have been calling on their own governments not to support the
Indonesian government?  Politics, indeed.  Indonesia has treated visas
as it has elections --a privilege to be granted as a tool of the
government rather than a right.>>>
This actually highlights a significant change in Indonesia, which many of us living
here tend to forget about.  There really has been a difference in the way issues
such as press freedom, elections and visas are treated.  Two years ago I would have
agreed with the above statements, but now I think those days have passed.  I would
not worry overly about visas any more.  Of course, if things really take a turn for
the worse over East Timor and xenophobic nationalism surges, all bets are off ;-).
Someone else questioned safety at Bali:  not an issue.  In the worst riot to hit
Indonesia in a generation, Bali was safer than a typical day at any large North
American
city.
J. Charles Delbeek writes:
<<<I am not sure why it takes this action in East Timor to highlite what has
long been known about the Indonesian government and their history of human
rights violations. I would ask the question, why was this country chosen
in the first place to host the meetings? If there are objections about
human rights violations now, where were those objections back in Panama
and what were the reasons then for ignoring them? I mean the track record
of this country in not new.>>>
True.  I was not at Panama.  In fact, outside of East Timor the Indonesian record
in terms of respect for human rights has been improving.  This merely serves to
summarize the decision for the organizers:  send a message to the Indonesian
government/military (a good thing) but harm local researchers, or do the reverse?
I have no recommendation, based either on moral imperatives or practicalities; it
is not my conference to decide, and after eight years living here I sometimes get
confused trying to sort it all out.  I would not be too swayed by arguments that
the powerful do not hear about the message that was sent; over time, they will hear
it more and more.  It is up to them whether they choose to listen, but the wise
ones do.
On a separate note, I would not worry too much about logistics (who goes where,
when) as there are organizations in Bali capable of doing an admirable job for
large gatherings.  It was suggested that the ISRS Scientific Program Committee
would be handling quality control.  Perhaps they could give a status report and let
everyone know how the preparations are proceeding.
Dean Boulding
Jakarta, Indonesia
ICQ  5568143
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Sep 23 22:43:06 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id WAA16211 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 23 Sep 1999 22:43:05 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA17792; Thu, 23 Sep 1999 22:48:22 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma017756; Thu, 23 Sep 99 22:47:30 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 23 Sep 1999 22:44:14 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id CAA67342; Fri, 24 Sep 1999 02:16:32 GMT
Received: from taro.poi.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id WAA65869; Thu, 23 Sep 1999 22:16:20 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from bob (chris-16.poi.net [209.213.40.136])
	by taro.poi.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id QAA02658
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 23 Sep 1999 16:18:24 -1000 (HST)
Message-Id: <005801bf0633$ac395340$8828d5d1@bob>
From: "Bob Endreson" <bob@westpacfisheries.net>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Thu, 23 Sep 1999 16:22:34 -1000
Organization: Western Pacific Fisheries Coalition
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/mixed;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0054_01BF05DF.D7892B00"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2314.1300
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Bob Endreson" <bob@westpacfisheries.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 607
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_0054_01BF05DF.D7892B00
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_001_0055_01BF05DF.D79252C0"
------=_NextPart_001_0055_01BF05DF.D79252C0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
The Western Pacific Council still promotes an agenda that would allow =
shark finning to continue even in the face of NMFS, NOAA and the =
public's request to stop finning as a result of the waste it causes.  A =
number of articles have been written by the Chairman of the Council as =
well as a letter to the Secretary of Commerce, trying to convince him =
not to pre-empt  the Council.  We hear that a recent letter from NOAA =
instructs the Council to stop finning immediately
The Council's letter and articles are carefully worded, yet it mirrors =
the complaints by commercial interests throughout the Country for years. =
 Phrases such as not enough data, more research is needed have echoed =
through the halls of fisheries management until in many cases it was too =
late.
The Council has also made claims that people in Hawaii do not want =
finning to stop, that they don't think it's wasteful or cruel and =
therefore the Council should not be influenced.  Your help is =
desperately needed to make sure those involved and who can make a =
difference hear you load and clear.  If you don't take the few minutes =
it takes to simply tell them to "STOP SHARK FINNING IN THE WESTERN =
PACIFIC IMMEDIATELY", don't expect others to step up and do it for you.  =
many of you have already helped, but more is needed.
The Commerce department is poised to act, but they need to hear from =
you.  We urge you to send in your support by going to =
http://www.westpacfisheries.net/actionalert.html
Or send your comments to WDaley@doc.gov     Penny.Dalton@noaa.gov or =
Senator Daniel Inouye at Fax 202-224-6747  or email your comments to the =
Senator at : http://www.senate.gov/~inouye/abtform.html
Now is the time to stand up and let them know what you think.
Mahalo,
------=_NextPart_001_0055_01BF05DF.D79252C0
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D"MSHTML 5.00.2314.1000" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>The Western Pacific Council still promotes an agenda that would =
allow shark=20
finning to continue even in the face of NMFS, NOAA and the public's =
request to=20
stop finning as a result of the waste it causes.&nbsp; A number of =
articles have=20
been written by the Chairman of the Council as well as a letter to the =
Secretary=20
of Commerce, trying to&nbsp;convince him not to pre-empt&nbsp; the=20
Council.&nbsp; We hear that a recent letter from NOAA instructs the =
Council to=20
stop finning immediately</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>The Council's letter and articles&nbsp;are carefully worded, yet it =
mirrors=20
the complaints by commercial interests throughout the Country for =
years.&nbsp;=20
Phrases such as not enough data, more research is needed have echoed =
through the=20
halls of fisheries management until in many cases it was too late.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>The Council has also made claims that people in Hawaii do not want =
finning=20
to stop, that they don't think it's wasteful or cruel and therefore the =
Council=20
should not be influenced.&nbsp; Your help is <FONT=20
face=3D"Times New">desperately</FONT> needed to make sure those =
involved&nbsp;and=20
who can make a difference hear you load and clear.&nbsp; If you don't =
take the=20
few minutes&nbsp;it takes to simply tell them to "STOP SHARK FINNING IN =
THE=20
WESTERN PACIFIC IMMEDIATELY", don't expect others to step up and do it =
for=20
you.&nbsp; many of you have already helped, but more is needed.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>The Commerce department is poised to act, but they need to hear =
from=20
you.&nbsp; We urge you to send in your support by going to <A=20
href=3D"http://www.westpacfisheries.net/actionalert.html">http://www.west=
pacfisheries.net/actionalert.html</A></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Or send your comments to&nbsp;<A=20
href=3D"mailto:WDaley@doc.gov">WDaley@doc.gov</A>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;<A=20
href=3D"mailto:Penny.Dalton@noaa.gov">Penny.Dalton@noaa.gov</A>&nbsp;or =
Senator=20
Daniel Inouye at Fax 202-224-6747&nbsp; or email your comments to the =
Senator at=20
: <A=20
href=3D"http://www.senate.gov/~inouye/abtform.html">http://www.senate.gov=
/~inouye/abtform.html</A></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Now is the time to stand up and let them know what you think.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Mahalo,</DIV></DIV></DIV></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_001_0055_01BF05DF.D79252C0--
------=_NextPart_000_0054_01BF05DF.D7892B00
Content-Type: text/x-vcard;
	name="www.westpacfisheries.net.vcf"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename="www.westpacfisheries.net.vcf"
BEGIN:VCARD
VERSION:2.1
N:;www.westpacfisheries.net
FN:www.westpacfisheries.net
ORG:Bob Endreson..........Western Pacific Fisheries Coalition
TEL;WORK;VOICE:808-254-5900
TEL;WORK;FAX:808-254-5404
URL:http://www.westpacfisheries.net
URL:http://www.westpacfisheries.net
EMAIL;PREF;INTERNET:bob@westpacfisheries.net
EMAIL;INTERNET:bob@westpacfisheries.net
REV:19990924T022234Z
END:VCARD
------=_NextPart_000_0054_01BF05DF.D7892B00--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Sep 24 07:28:58 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id HAA21070 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 24 Sep 1999 07:28:58 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA00885; Fri, 24 Sep 1999 07:34:13 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma000861; Fri, 24 Sep 99 07:34:05 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 24 Sep 1999 07:31:00 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id LAA52016; Fri, 24 Sep 1999 11:04:39 GMT
Message-Id: <199909241104.LAA52016@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Thu, 23 Sep 1999 15:00:46 -0700 (PDT)
From: Florence Thomas <fthomas20@yahoo.com>
Subject: Research Assistanship Available
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Florence Thomas <fthomas20@yahoo.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 608
Research Assistanship Available
An assistantship is available for a Ph.D. student interested in transport
processes in coral reefs, seagrasses, and/or mangrove communities.  The
funded research is to examine how canopy morphology and water velocity
affects the transport of particles (food, larvae) and dissolved chemicals
(nutrients etc.)to biological communities.  Preference will be given to
students with a Masters in Marine Science, Oceanography, Biology, or
Engineering.  Other graduate student opportunities are also available for
students interested in biomechanics of marine organisms. And reproductive
ecology of marine invertebrates. If interested, please contact.
Dr. Flo Thomas
Department of Biology
University of South Florida
4202 E. Fowler Ave, SCA 110
Tampa, Florida 33620
813-974-9608
fthomas@chuma1.cas.usf.edu
__________________________________________________
Do You Yahoo!?
Bid and sell for free at http://auctions.yahoo.com
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Sep 24 10:12:15 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA24857 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 24 Sep 1999 10:12:15 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA15673; Fri, 24 Sep 1999 10:17:30 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma015497; Fri, 24 Sep 99 10:16:41 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 24 Sep 1999 10:13:34 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA71232; Fri, 24 Sep 1999 14:00:21 GMT
Received: from orbit34i.nesdis.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA71471; Fri, 24 Sep 1999 10:00:08 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from nesdis.noaa.gov (orbit124.wwb.noaa.gov [140.90.197.226]) by orbit34i.nesdis.noaa.gov (950413.SGI.8.6.12/950213.SGI.AUTOCF) via ESMTP id KAA12689 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 24 Sep 1999 10:02:00 -0400
Message-Id: <37EB845F.FEDFA535@nesdis.noaa.gov>
Date: Fri, 24 Sep 1999 10:02:07 -0400
From: Maggie Toscano <mtoscano@nesdis.noaa.gov>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.51 [en] (Win98; U)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Coral List <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: HotSpot Update
Content-Type: multipart/mixed;
 boundary="------------30285AFF4DF71F635F483118"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Maggie Toscano <mtoscano@nesdis.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 609
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
--------------30285AFF4DF71F635F483118
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
HotSpot Notes -- September 23, 1999
This is an update on the past 2 months for the Caribbean.  Please also
see the posting from Ernesto Weil on bleaching around Puerto Rico.
Mid-Summer 1999:
NOAA satellite data indicated "HotSpots" surrounding North Andros Island
in the Bahamas since July 27, expanding to South Andros Island through
July 31.  In early August, South Florida and the Straits, the eastern
Bahamas and the north coast of Cuba showed 1 degree C HotSpots, creating
conditions conducive to coral bleaching.  HotSpots were maintained
between August 9-28 in these areas, with the remainder of the eastern
Caribbean starting to warm up.
Late Summer 1999:
In early September, the south-western corner of Puerto Rico exhibited 1
degree C HotSpots, followed by warming along eastern Hispaniola and the
Lesser Antilles (Leeward and Windward Islands). By September 14, eastern
Nicaragua, along with the north coast of Venezuela, the Netherlands
Antilles, and Trinidad and Tobago had 1 degree HotSpots, with patchy
HotSpots off the coast of Belize. HotSpots dissipated around September
18 from the Bahamas and northern Cuba but remained on the south side of
Cuba, Puerto Rico and Hispaniola, with patchy HotSpots along the
Nicaraguan coast.  By September 21, the entire lower Caribbean showed 1
degree C HotsSpot anomalies.
Our new Degree Heating Weeks (DHW) maps, depicting accumulated heat
stress for the last 90 days
(http://psbsgi1.nesdis.noaa.gov:8080/PSB/EPS/icg/dhw/dhw_new.html)
indicate 1-3 DWH throughout the Caribbean, show concentrations of 4-8
DHW surrounding Andros Island (Bahamas) and the south-west Florida Keys,
and 4-5 DHW along the lesser Antilles (Windward Islands).
Please post your reports on coral bleaching to this site by completing
(as much as possible) the coral bleaching reporting form on our main web
page or by emailing us.
A. E. Strong						M. A. Toscano
   Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov				mtoscano@nesdis.noaa.gov
   301-763-8102 x170    FAX: 301-763-8108	x188
       http://manati.wwb.noaa.gov/orad
--------------30285AFF4DF71F635F483118
Content-Type: text/x-vcard; charset=us-ascii;
 name="mtoscano.vcf"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Description: Card for Maggie Toscano
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename="mtoscano.vcf"
begin:vcard
n:Toscano, Ph.D.;Marguerite A.
tel;fax:(301) 763-8108
tel;work:(301) 763-8102, ext. 188
x-mozilla-html:FALSE
url:http://www.manati.wwb.noaa.gov
org:NOAA/NESDIS/ORA/ORAD;Oceanic Research and Applications Division
version:2.1
email;internet:mtoscano@nesdis.noaa.gov
title:NRC Research Associate
adr;quoted-printable:;;NOAA Science Center (WWB)=0D=0A5200 Auth Road  Rm 711;Camp Springs;MD;20746;
x-mozilla-cpt:;5904
fn:Marguerite A. Toscano, Ph.D.
end:vcard
--------------30285AFF4DF71F635F483118--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Sep 24 10:49:01 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA26125 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 24 Sep 1999 10:49:00 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA19513; Fri, 24 Sep 1999 10:54:14 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma019494; Fri, 24 Sep 99 10:54:10 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 24 Sep 1999 10:36:18 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA71817; Fri, 24 Sep 1999 14:23:52 GMT
Received: from smtp-out.vma.verio.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA71758; Fri, 24 Sep 1999 10:23:46 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from smtp-gw2.vma.verio.net ([168.143.0.22])
	by smtp-out.vma.verio.net with esmtp (Exim 2.10 #1)
	id 11UWIR-0001bb-00; Fri, 24 Sep 1999 10:25:59 -0400
Received: from [168.143.12.27] (irf.clark.net [168.143.12.27])
	by smtp-gw2.vma.verio.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id KAA04233;
	Fri, 24 Sep 1999 10:25:57 -0400 (EDT)
Mime-Version: 1.0
X-Sender: irf@pop3.clark.net
Message-Id: <v0421010bb41138a17fe3@[168.143.12.27]>
In-Reply-To: <199909231912.TAA65046@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
References: <199909231912.TAA65046@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Fri, 24 Sep 1999 10:29:31 -0400
To: "sapta Putra" <sapta_gt@hotmail.com>, flotsam@manado.wasantara.net.id,
        coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Bruce Potter at Island Resources <bpotter@irf.org>
Subject: Re: To Bali or not to Bali....
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" ; format="flowed"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Bruce Potter at Island Resources <bpotter@irf.org>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 610
I disagree with the implication of this statement:
>The situation in East Timor cannot be generalized
>throught out Indonesia. There many part of Indonesia have much better
>human right performance than East Timor.
I worked for five years doing political risks analyses on conditions
in Indonesia in the early 1980's, and it was my impression that human
rights repression was a general policy (or instrument in implementing
policies) of the Government of Indonesia, not particularly subject to
regional variations.
For example, attacks against ethnic chinese were orchestrated
nationwide. Human rights were routinely violated in most aspects of
the Transmigration Program.
Human rights repression was exercised wherever challenges to the
established order reared its ugly head.
And with specific reference to this list, one of the exiled
Indonesian opposition leaders of that time was the founder of the
Indonesian Green Foundation.
bruce potter
------------------
At 9:50 PM -0500 9/23/99, sapta Putra wrote:
>Dear Erdmann and coral listers
>
>Thank you for your positive comment.
>
>As Erdman has experience working in Manado, I also have experience in many
>part of Indonesia. The situation in East Timor cannot be generalized
>throught out Indonesia. There many part of Indonesia have much better
>human right performance than East Timor.
>
>I have involved to encourage local governments and local NGOs to conserve
>coral reef ecosystem since 1997 through COREMAP. Some of them gradually
>implement the program to protect their reefs. So, if international reef
>scientiest boycot the 9ICRS due to the East Timor problems, then the
>boycot will not affect military attitude but descourage local government
>innitiatives to conserve their reefs.
>
>So, before the reef scientiests make decision please consider whether your
>decision will change the situation in East Timor or descourage the coral
>reef conservation program in Indonesia.
>
>Kind regards
>
>Sapta Putra Ginting
>School of Tropical Environment Studies and Geography
>James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811
>Phone:(07)4781 4913 Fax:(07)4781 4020
>email: sapta.putra@jcu.edu.au; sapta_gt@hotmail.com
Island Resources Foundation
27 Years of Environmental Planning for Development
><+><Web Site><+><+><http://www.irf.org/><+><+>< Web Site><+><
Island Resources Foundation	|+|Island Resources Foundation
Headquarters & Library 	|+|Contributions and Publications
6292 Estate Nazareth No. 100	|+|1718 "P" Street NW, Suite T-4
St. Thomas, VI 00802-1104	|+|Washington, DC 20036
Phone 340/775-6225	|+|Phone 202/265-9712
fax 779-2022 		|+|fax 232-0748
Internet: etowle@irf.org	|+|bpotter@irf.org
-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  Promote Island Resources---Send Your $35 Membership to the DC Office
-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Sep 23 15:00:57 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA06841 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 23 Sep 1999 15:00:57 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA19632; Thu, 23 Sep 1999 15:08:31 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma019589; Thu, 23 Sep 99 15:08:05 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 23 Sep 1999 15:03:33 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id XAA50539; Tue, 21 Sep 1999 23:00:56 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id TAA50774; Tue, 21 Sep 1999 19:00:46 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA26921; Tue, 21 Sep 1999 19:05:59 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma026902; Tue, 21 Sep 99 19:05:01 -0400
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id SAA16675 for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 21 Sep 1999 18:57:27 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA26891; Tue, 21 Sep 1999 19:04:58 -0400
Received: from abb1d36.dial.uniserve.ca(204.244.210.163) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma026866; Tue, 21 Sep 99 19:04:00 -0400
Received: from media (really [10.0.0.114]) by cfh.ca
	via in.smtpd with smtp
	id <m11TXja-000C9sC@email.cfh.ca> (Debian Smail3.2.0.101)
	for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 21 Sep 1999 14:45:58 -0700 (PDT)
Message-Id: <3.0.5.32.19990921160850.00925100@10.0.0.1>
X-Sender: tim@10.0.0.1
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.5 (32)
Date: Tue, 21 Sep 1999 16:08:50 -0700
To: coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
From: Tim Tessier <tim@cfh.ca>
Subject: Coral harvesting?   First Tonga, then Fiji, now Vanuatu's reefs are in danger.
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Tim Tessier <tim@cfh.ca>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 611
Hello All,
Just talked with a friend in Vanuatu and he mentioned that
everyone from Fiji is feeling the impending shutdown of exports
so they are trying to get into Vanuatu.  I will cut and paste
portions of some emails to give you an idea of what is happening.
I think the Vanuatu government could use some
scientific help in stopping their reefs from being exploited and
destroyed instead of sustainably managed.
Hopefully someone can help.
"Our director of Fisheries will be meeting with his minister tomorrow(Sept
23) to
discuss the situation so any additional "advice" you can offer will be fed
into the system before their meeting. We have managed to put a stop to
xxxxxxx xxxxxxx's operation....his reputation for being a crook basically
sealed his fate, but there are plenty more shadey companies ready to fill
his place!"
>I have recently heard that via the pacnews wire service that Fiji is
>considering a ban on the collection and export of Corals AND "pet-fish"
>from their country. This is a bold move by the Fiji government but given
>the amount of Coral/Rock and Fish being removed from Fiji every month I am
>frankly quite surprised it has taken this long!
>
snip
>given our
>long term interests in this country and the aquarium industry, we were
>extremely disturbed recently to find out that a recently formed "foreign
>investment" section of the Vanuatu Govt has received AND approved a flood
>of applications from people wishing to set-up similar aquarium based
>companies on our island. (Perhaps as a result of the problems in Fiji?) To
>date four companies have been approved without consultation to Fisheries or
>Environment Departments - all in the name of "foreign investment"! One
>particularly nasty operator is
>already in Vanuatu trying to sort out Fisheries permits etc.... and has
>already made attempts to export illegally (without permission) 1000Kgs of
>Live Corals, and hundreds of Live Mangrove Plants!
>
>Given common sense , and the small size of our island. The director's of
>our environment unit (CITES authority) and Fisheries departments are
>absolutely horrified at the prospect of an additional 4 companies. It is
>the view of our Environment department that while one company (us) can be
>properly monitored for sustainability, any more companies would simply be
>too much for our reefs to support. The debate
>continues................Investment vs Resources.
>
>I have suggested that all approvals be put on hold until some form of
>environmental impact study can be performed, but not being a scientist
>myself, do not pull a lot of weight with my suggestions.
>
>Could you please offer some suggestions to us and the Vanuatu government
>before the flood gates are opened and Vanuatu ends up being stripped of all
>aquarium product as has happenned in Fiji, and before that Tonga etc...
>there seems to be a number of companies whose policy it is to arrive in a
>new country, take and ship whatever they can, and then after 12 months they
>move on to the next destination.
>
Thanks,
Tim
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Sep 24 12:02:16 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA28296 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 24 Sep 1999 12:02:15 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA26675; Fri, 24 Sep 1999 12:07:30 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma026530; Fri, 24 Sep 99 12:06:47 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 24 Sep 1999 12:03:44 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA72442; Fri, 24 Sep 1999 15:54:38 GMT
Received: from isurus.mote.org by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <Coral-List@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA70869; Fri, 24 Sep 1999 11:54:32 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from modem30.marathonkey.com by isurus.mote.org  with esmtp
	(Linux Smail3.2.0.101 #12) id m11UXiF-003akkC; Fri, 24 Sep 1999 11:56:43 -0400 (EDT)
Date: Fri, 24 Sep 1999 12:05:07 -0400 (Eastern Daylight Time)
From: Erich Mueller <emueller@mote.org>
To: Coral List <Coral-List@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>, Marbio List <marbio@mote.org>
Subject: positions available in the Florida Keys
Message-Id: <Pine.WNT.4.10.9909241203090.-378173@hal>
X-X-Sender: emueller@isurus.mote.org
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Erich Mueller <emueller@mote.org>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 612
Positions Available at
Mote Marine Laboratory's
Center for Tropical Research
Mote Marine Laboratory has recently moved its Florida Keys research
operations from Pigeon Key to new facilities on Summerland Key. Mote's
research program on corals and reefs is now based at the Center for
Tropical Research and the facility will be open to researchers working in
the Lower Florida Keys. The Center will include greatly expanded dry
laboratory facilities, a state-of-the-art seawater system and comfortable
apartments for visitors. The following positions will be filled shortly to
help develop and operate the Center. Letters of interest and resumes
should be submitted by Oct. 15, 1999 to the address at the bottom of the
message.
Development Officer / Facilities Manager
Mote Marine Laboratory is seeking an individual to lead fundraising
efforts and provide day-to-day facilities management of their new marine
research facility on Summerland Key, FL. The successful candidate will
have a record of civilian or military leadership. The position includes
solicitation of funding from corporations, foundations, governmental
agencies, and individuals to support long term research efforts in the
Florida Keys and serving as a liaison to an advisory council made up of
community and business leaders. Facilities management includes overseeing
improvements and maintenance of buildings, property, vessels and vehicles,
purchasing and financial reporting.
Research Assistant
A Research Assistant is being sought to work on several funded projects
and help operate research infrastructure at Mote's Center for Tropical
Research. Applicants must have a baccalaureate in biology, or related
field, SCUBA certification and experience, small vessel operation
experience and eligible for a Florida driver's license. Preference will be
given to candidates with coral reef research experience, knowledge of
aquarium and seawater systems, laboratory skills, good public interaction
abilities and computer skills.
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
Erich Mueller, Ph.D., Director      Phone: (305) 745-2729
Mote Marine Laboratory              FAX:   (305) 745-2730
Center for Tropical Research        Email: emueller@mote.org
24244 Overseas Highway (US 1)
Summerland Key, FL   33042
Web pages: http://www.mote.org/~emueller/pkmrc.html
           http://www.mote.org
Remarks are personal opinion and do not reflect institutional
policy unless so indicated.
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep 27 07:16:50 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id HAA25642 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 07:16:50 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA26820; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 07:24:30 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma026803; Mon, 27 Sep 99 07:24:16 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 07:21:09 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id KAA04905; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 10:56:25 GMT
Received: from OCRMHQ.NOS.NOAA.GOV by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id GAA04881; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 06:56:18 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from noaa.gov ([140.90.167.144]) by OCRMHQ.NOS.NOAA.GOV
          (Netscape Messaging Server 3.62)  with ESMTP id 298;
          Sun, 26 Sep 1999 19:37:24 -0400
Message-Id: <37EEB502.EA49FA62@noaa.gov>
Date: Sun, 26 Sep 1999 20:06:28 -0400
From: Billy Causey <Billy.Causey@noaa.gov>
Organization: FKNMS
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.51 (Macintosh; U; PPC)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Jim Hendee <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>
CC: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: coral-list moderation
References: <Pine.GSO.4.03.9908110901110.23729-100000@surf>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii; x-mac-type="54455854"; x-mac-creator="4D4F5353"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Billy Causey <billy.causey@noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 613
Jim,
I simply want to thank you for all your hard work at managing the Coral List.
Keep up the good work ... you provide an enormously important service to coral
reef science and management.
It is a simple matter for people who do not want to follow a Thread to hit
"delete" ... I've done this myself a lot recently as list members have chosen
to discuss a "political" issue that is important to them.
Again, thank you Jim!!   Cheers, Billy Causey
Jim Hendee wrote:
> On Wed, 11 Aug 1999, C. W. Wright (1698) wrote:
>
> > A list moderator could easily "clean up" the coral list.
>
> Long-time coral-list subscribers may remember that at one time I did
> moderate all submissions to coral-list. However, with all due respect to
> C.W. Wright, I now prefer not to "clean-up" the free speech, wherever
> possible.  As you all know, I quite often admonish or encourage people to
> try to limit their comments to coral research.  Coral-list subscribers are
> for the most part professional colleagues who know one another and
> generally do not "misbehave" online, or offline.  Hence, "clean up" is
> generally not necessary.  Dr. Bob Ginsburg's message came basically, I
> believe, out of frustration at reading the many messages to the list,
> rather that reading summarizations by the original submitters who got the
> answers.  (This is one reason I have also offered coral-list-digest.) As
> you have seen from the thread, some people agree with him, some don't.
> As it is now, it is up to the submitter of a question to say, "Please
> respond to me personally, and I will post a summary at a later time."
> Some people have done this, some people wish others did it more often.
>
> > I operate a
> > system with several majordomo lists that each have approximately 1000
> > subscribers.  Some are moderated sone are not.  The moderator is a
> > volunteer member of the list, and all posts to the list simply go to him
> > first.  He reviews them, edits "flames", spam, irrelevant material, and
> > generally filters what finally gets distributed to list members.  The list
> > I'm thinking of (canard-aviators@canard.com) has abt 900 members and 10 to
> > 15 messages per day.  It takes the moderators abt an hour each day to take
> > care of the list.  The moderation task can be divided between several
> > people and it's easy to setup (at least for majordomo lists).
>
> Some of us would not be happy campers at getting 10 to 15 *extra* messages
> a day!
>
> The caveats here are "time" and "volunteer".  I, for one, do other things
> besides administer coral-list and the CHAMP Program, which has not been
> funded, except via in-house (i.e., "base") funds, since 1993 (by NOAA's
> Office of Global Programs, via Dr. Mark Eakin). I have found through my
> life experiences that "you get what you pay for", and that when
> crunch-time comes, and you absolutely MUST have something done, you can't
> order your volunteer help to do what must be done, because he/she has
> other personal priorities.  Been there, done that. In this particular
> case, "must" equals a professional attitude and diligence to the task(s)
> at hand, and I would not dare to sumbit coral-list to anything less.
> This is not to say that your lists would be less professional, it is just
> to say that I don't care to let coral-list get that way by someone who is
> not being paid a fair dollar to do an excellent job (but see next).
>
> > The coral list value would be enhanced significantly by appointing one or
> > more moderators.
>
> If I had the funds to hire a systems administrator who could also
> moderate, I'd do it in a heart-beat, believe me.  On the other hand, if I
> were located at a university where I had daily or frequent access to a
> graduate student whom I could train, monitor, etc., then I might do that.
> That is, graduate students are generally motivated to the same level as
> someone who is paid (especially if the student is receiving a stiped to do
> that work). I have made an enquiry to a colleague at a local university
> (which has coral research as a major mandate) about a provisional
> agreement in which I could "turn over the reins" through time, but
> unfortunately have not received a response yet.
>
> > The problem of repeatedly answering the same questions can be addressed by
> > someone reviewing an archive of the list and isolating the repeatd
> > questions/answers and creating a web page of FAQs (Frequently Asked
> > Questions) and their answers.  A link to that web page would then be added
> > to the bottom of every message posted to the list, so people could quickly
> > and easily access it.
>
> Actually, Dr. Judy Lang and I have been working on how to go about making
> an FAQ list for a "coral-student" list, offline.  We are awaiting feedback
> from our colleagues. As some of you original coral-listers may remember, I
> tried back several years ago to get feedback from susbscribers for an FAQ
> list, but to no avail (like, only three responses).  (I would remind the
> subscribers that even though I have two degrees in marine biology, my
> speciality in coral-list is as an information systems person, and only
> secondarily as a coral enthusiast).
>
> In summary, I am open to suggestions on how to manage coral-list.  I have
> done quite a bit behind the scenes (e.g., never ending attempts to get
> CHAMP funded, discussions with colleagues, meetings with NOAA personnel,
> etc.) to make things better, but the bottom line right now is: quality
> product equals time + money + quality help (the ageless formula).
>
>         Cheers,
>
>         Jim Hendee
>         coral-list administrator
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep 27 07:16:51 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id HAA25643 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 07:16:50 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA26819; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 07:24:30 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma026802; Mon, 27 Sep 99 07:24:16 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 07:21:09 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id KAA04920; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 10:59:39 GMT
Received: from mail.caribe.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id GAA04897; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 06:59:32 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from default (ppp143.204dip.netdial.caribe.net [209.91.204.143])
	by mail.caribe.net (8.9.0/8.9.0) with SMTP id RAA18467
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 24 Sep 1999 17:10:11 -0400 (AST)
Message-Id: <000901bf06d0$751f1a00$8fcc5bd1@default>
From: "Ernesto Weil" <eweil@caribe.net>
To: "Corallist" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Bleaching in PR
Date: Fri, 24 Sep 1999 17:04:55 -0400
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0006_01BF06AE.ECD7B920"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.2106.4
X-MIMEOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.2106.4
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Ernesto Weil" <eweil@caribe.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 614
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_0006_01BF06AE.ECD7B920
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Dear colleagues, these are my most recent observations on bleaching here =
in south west Puerto Rico after surveying 8 reef localities including =
one 5 miles offshore on the edge of the platform.=20
With the exception of M. alcicornis, very few (less than 3 %) colonies =
of all the different species have bleaching symptoms in all these reef =
localities. Thus so far, the event is just starting or is very mild. =
Couple of things this year vary from last year:=20
1- Some species that rarely or never bleach or bleach late were the =
first ones to show bleaching signs this year (i.e. S. cubensis, E. =
fastigiata, M. cavernosa, M. memorialis, L. cucullata.). Other species =
showing bleaching signs include: P.astreoides, M.faveolata, S. =
intersepta, P.porites, P.furcata, C. natans, A. humilis, A. purpurea, D. =
labyrinthiformis, M. alcicornis, M.complanata, M. squarrosa, M. franksi =
and Palythoa caribbaeorum. Last year and in 1996, after hurricane =
Hortense, Palythoa was the first one to pale out and bleach followed by =
P.astreoides, P. porites, S. intersepta, C. natans, M. franksi and M. =
faveolata.=20
2- There was a period of warm water back in May-June where water =
temperatures rose above 29 =BAC, and stayed there for over two weeks =
from the surface down to 15 m. Temperatures went down around (below 29 =
degrees) around June 15 and started to climb up again by the end of =
July. Temp. reached  the maximum registered in June by August 15. Water =
temperatures are now above that maximum. No bleaching was observed =
between June and September. This data was collected with StowAway temp =
loggers.=20
3. We have not been hit by a hurricane yet.
Saludos, EW.
Dr. Ernesto Weil
Depart. of Marine Sciences, UPR
PO BOX 908 Lajas PR 00667
Ph. (787) 899-2048 x. 241
FAX (787) 899-2630/899-5500.
------=_NextPart_000_0006_01BF06AE.ECD7B920
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META content=3Dtext/html;charset=3Diso-8859-1 =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D'"MSHTML 4.72.2106.6"' name=3DGENERATOR>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV>
<P>Dear colleagues, these are my most recent observations on bleaching =
here in=20
south west Puerto Rico after surveying 8 reef localities including one 5 =
miles=20
offshore on the edge of the platform. </P>
<P>With the exception of <I>M. alcicornis, </I>very few (less than 3 %) =
colonies=20
of all the different species have bleaching symptoms in all these reef=20
localities. Thus so far, the event is just starting or is very mild. =
Couple of=20
things this year vary from last year: </P>
<P></P>
<P>1- Some species that rarely or never bleach or bleach late were the =
first=20
ones to show bleaching signs this year (i.e.<I> S. cubensis, </I><I>E.=20
fastigiata, M. cavernosa, M. memorialis, L. cucullata</I>.). Other =
species=20
showing bleaching signs include:<I> P.astreoides, M.faveolata, S. =
intersepta,=20
P.porites, P.furcata, C. natans, A. humilis, A. purpurea, D. =
labyrinthiformis,=20
M. alcicornis, M.complanata, M. squarrosa, M. franksi and</I> =
<I>Palythoa=20
caribbaeorum</I>. Last year and in 1996, after hurricane Hortense,<I>=20
Palythoa</I> was the first one to pale out and bleach followed by=20
<I>P.astreoides,</I> <I>P. porites, S. intersepta</I>, <I>C. natans, M. =
franksi=20
and M. faveolata</I>. </P>
<P>2- There was a period of warm water back in May-June where water =
temperatures=20
rose above 29 &ordm;C, and stayed there for over two weeks from the =
surface down=20
to 15 m. Temperatures went down around (below 29 degrees) around June 15 =
and=20
started to climb up again by the end of July. Temp. reached&nbsp; the =
maximum=20
registered in June by August 15. Water temperatures are now above that =
maximum.=20
No bleaching was observed between June and September. This data was =
collected=20
with StowAway temp loggers. </P>
<P>3. We have not been hit by a hurricane yet.</P>
<P><FONT size=3D2>Saludos, EW.</FONT></P>
<P>&nbsp;</P></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Dr. Ernesto Weil<BR>Depart. of =
Marine Sciences,=20
UPR<BR>PO BOX 908 Lajas PR 00667<BR>Ph. (787) 899-2048 x. 241<BR>FAX =
(787)=20
899-2630/899-5500.</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_000_0006_01BF06AE.ECD7B920--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep 27 07:26:14 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id HAA25752 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 07:26:14 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA27156; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 07:31:31 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma027136; Mon, 27 Sep 99 07:31:06 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 07:27:56 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id LAA04928; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 11:05:26 GMT
Received: from pop1.tm.net.my by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id HAA04950; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 07:05:13 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from oemcomputer ([202.188.43.31]) by pop1.tm.net.my
          (InterMail v03.02.05 118 121 101) with SMTP
          id <19990927022810.FVGP383@oemcomputer>
          for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>;
          Mon, 27 Sep 1999 10:28:10 +0800
Message-Id: <000f01bf090d$541a5560$1f2bbcca@oemcomputer>
From: "Don Baker" <dbaker@tm.net.my>
To: "cora;-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Coral Reef Conservation & Tourism Affection
Date: Mon, 27 Sep 1999 10:25:40 -0700
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_000C_01BF08D2.A5FF7580"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.3110.1
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Don Baker" <dbaker@tm.net.my>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 615
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_000C_01BF08D2.A5FF7580
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Dear Fellow Coral Reef Scientists,
=20
For the past 10 to 15 years, I have noticed a tremendous increase in =
tourism development near, adjacent or right on top of various coral reef =
ecosystems throughout the entire world. Reefs of my "home town" island =
of Guam changed before my eyes in a matter of a few short years.  Reefs =
that originally supported clear water species changed to those species =
that can tolerate silt and eventually predominated. The "change" of =
course was the death of the Acroporas and other associated species found =
more so in clear waters. No doubt, a coral reef certainly does try to =
stay alive and adapt to man's changes but there are, of course, =
limitations before the reef ecosystem succumbs.
=20
Movies, TV, scientist celebrities, and tourist marketing have been =
helping to bring the human masses to the reefs of the world to wonder =
and ogle at the strange and fascinating marine life. But this has been =
at a tremendous cost!
=20
Many if not most tourism developments and operations on / near coral =
reef ecosystems have had serious negative consequences as a result of =
inadequate human waste & related/associated packaging waste treatment =
and elimination -[from plastic bags to the horrific cookie & potato chip =
mini-bags]. Tourists visiting a coral reef shallows in Sabah alone, =
leave behind a certain amount of glittering mini chip bags dotting the =
reef - dumped off the boats many times by the boat operators themselves =
and not so much the tourists.
Rumors have it that large tracts of shallow coral reef flats in Belau, =
Micronesia have been all but destroyed by unregulated, uncontrolled, =
ignorant, and often times, outright thoughtless negligence of tourists.  =
But where were their local guides?
=20
Are some tourist nationalities more conscious than others of the coral =
reefs' physical fragile nature? Can education be instituted at a level =
of almost licensing tour guides and making them legally liable for any =
damages caused by their tourist groups?  Should the "Barb Wire Fence" =
syndrome be rigidly applied to coral reef ecosystems - Stay Out?  How =
can tourists still see the coral reef wonders but yet not seriously =
affect the ecosystem mechanisms?
=20
I would like to get feedback from the Coral List community about this =
subject, papers, article refs. anything, whereas, this coming Oct, I =
will be speaking at the World EcoTourism Conference being held in Kota =
Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia - Oct 17th to the 23rd.  The subject of my =
brief talk will be about "How Tourists Can See the Reef and Not Kill =
It." I will be covering tourist development waste affection and =
elimination, methods of guidance, tourist supported research & =
restoration, and alternative ways of coral reef sight seeing.
=20
If you want something said on this subject..now is the time for me to =
quote you this coming October.
=20
Regards to All,
Don Baker
The Director
THE REEF PROJECT
=20
G16 Wisma Sabah
88000 Kota Kinabalu
Sabah, Malaysia
------=_NextPart_000_000C_01BF08D2.A5FF7580
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META content=3Dtext/html;charset=3Diso-8859-1 =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D'"MSHTML 4.72.3110.7"' name=3DGENERATOR>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Dear Fellow Coral Reef =
Scientists,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>For the past 10 to 15 years, I have =
noticed a=20
tremendous increase in tourism development near, adjacent or right on =
top of=20
various coral reef ecosystems throughout the entire world. Reefs of my=20
&quot;home town&quot; island of Guam changed before my eyes in a matter =
of a few=20
short years.&nbsp; Reefs that originally supported clear water species =
changed=20
to those species that can tolerate silt and eventually predominated. The =
&quot;change&quot; of course was the death of the Acroporas and other =
associated=20
species found more so in clear waters. No doubt, a coral reef certainly =
does try=20
to stay alive and adapt to man's changes but there are, of course, =
limitations=20
before the reef ecosystem succumbs.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Movies, TV, scientist celebrities, =
and tourist=20
marketing have been helping to bring the human masses to the reefs of =
the world=20
to wonder and ogle at the strange and fascinating marine life. But this =
has been=20
at a tremendous cost!</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Many if not most tourism =
developments and=20
operations on / near coral reef ecosystems have had serious negative=20
consequences as a result of inadequate human waste &amp; =
related/associated=20
packaging waste treatment and elimination -[from plastic bags to the =
horrific=20
cookie &amp; potato chip mini-bags]. Tourists visiting a coral reef =
shallows in=20
Sabah alone, leave behind a certain amount of glittering mini chip bags =
dotting=20
the reef - dumped off the boats many times by the boat operators =
themselves and=20
not so much the tourists.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Rumors have it that large tracts of =
shallow=20
coral reef flats in Belau, Micronesia have been all but destroyed by=20
unregulated, uncontrolled, ignorant, and often times, outright =
thoughtless=20
negligence of tourists.&nbsp; But where were their local =
guides?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>Are some tourist nationalities more conscious than =
others of=20
the coral reefs' physical fragile nature? Can education be instituted at =
a level=20
of almost licensing tour guides and making them legally liable for any =
damages=20
caused by their tourist groups?&nbsp; Should the &quot;Barb Wire =
Fence&quot;=20
syndrome be rigidly applied to coral reef ecosystems - Stay Out?&nbsp; =
How can=20
tourists still see the coral reef wonders but yet not seriously affect =
the=20
ecosystem mechanisms?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>I would like to get feedback from =
the Coral List=20
community about this subject, papers, article refs. anything, whereas, =
this=20
coming Oct, I will be speaking at the World EcoTourism Conference being =
held in=20
Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia - Oct 17th to the 23rd.&nbsp; The subject =
of my=20
brief talk will be about &quot;How Tourists Can See the Reef and Not =
Kill=20
It.&quot; I will be covering tourist development waste affection and=20
elimination, methods of guidance, tourist supported research &amp; =
restoration,=20
and alternative ways of coral reef sight seeing.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>If you want something said on this subject..now is =
the time=20
for me to quote you this coming October.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Regards to All,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Don Baker</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>The Director</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>THE REEF PROJECT</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>G16 Wisma Sabah</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>88000 Kota Kinabalu</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Sabah, =
Malaysia</FONT></DIV></DIV></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_000_000C_01BF08D2.A5FF7580--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep 27 07:38:22 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id HAA25990 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 07:38:22 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA27964; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 07:43:39 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma027945; Mon, 27 Sep 99 07:43:26 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 07:40:16 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id LAA05153; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 11:16:11 GMT
Received: from taro.poi.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id HAA05102; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 07:15:47 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from bob (chris-16.poi.net [209.213.40.136])
	by taro.poi.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id MAA05240
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 24 Sep 1999 12:24:35 -1000 (HST)
Message-Id: <025901bf06dc$2afda160$8828d5d1@bob>
From: "Bob Endreson" <bob@westpacfisheries.net>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: NOAA Directs Council to Stop Shark Finning Immediately
Date: Fri, 24 Sep 1999 12:28:45 -1000
Organization: Western Pacific Fisheries Coalition
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/mixed;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0255_01BF0688.58775E00"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2314.1300
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Bob Endreson" <bob@westpacfisheries.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 616
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_0255_01BF0688.58775E00
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_001_0256_01BF0688.58775E00"
------=_NextPart_001_0256_01BF0688.58775E00
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
In a June 21, 1999 letter to the Chairman of the Western Pacific =
Council, Mr. Terry Garcia directs the Council to "take immediate action =
to ban the practice of shark finning".  In the letter, Mr. Garcia points =
out that the US has been a leading proponent of international shark =
conservation measures at the United Nations FAO meetings this year.  He =
goes on to say that "The US position during development of the =
International Plan of Action for the Conservation and Management of =
Sharks was that the FAO should affirmatively address this issue, even to =
the extent of putting in place a global ban on shark finning".
Mr. Garcia's letter concludes by saying that "The Council should amend =
the Western Pacific Pelagic Fishery Management Plan to require full =
utilization of all sharks harvested in this fishery".
Now that both NMFS and NOAA has instructed the Council to act =
immediately to prohibit shark finning and implement measures for full =
utilization, since it's clearly a waste issue, we hope that the US =
Congress, the Hawaii Congressional delegation and the Governor of the =
State of Hawaii will all support the call for immediate action or ask =
the Secretary of Commerce to pre-empt the Council.  See pre-emption =
request at http://www.westpacfisheries.net/actionalert.html
------=_NextPart_001_0256_01BF0688.58775E00
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D"MSHTML 5.00.2314.1000" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV>In a June 21, 1999 letter to the Chairman of the Western Pacific =
Council,=20
Mr. Terry Garcia directs the Council to "take immediate action to ban =
the=20
practice of shark finning".&nbsp; In the letter, Mr. Garcia points out =
that the=20
US has been a leading proponent of international shark conservation =
measures at=20
the United Nations FAO meetings this year.&nbsp; He goes on to say that =
"The US=20
position during development of the International Plan of Action for the=20
Conservation and Management of Sharks was that the FAO should =
affirmatively=20
address this issue, even to the extent of putting in place a global ban =
on shark=20
finning".</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Mr. Garcia's letter concludes by saying that "The Council should =
amend the=20
Western Pacific Pelagic Fishery Management Plan to require full =
utilization of=20
all sharks harvested in this fishery".</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Now that both NMFS and NOAA has instructed the Council to act =
immediately=20
to prohibit shark finning and implement measures for full utilization, =
since=20
it's clearly a waste issue, we hope that the US Congress, the Hawaii=20
Congressional delegation and the Governor of the State of Hawaii will =
all=20
support the call for immediate action or ask the Secretary of Commerce =
to=20
pre-empt the Council.&nbsp; See pre-emption request at <A=20
href=3D"http://www.westpacfisheries.net/actionalert.html">http://www.west=
pacfisheries.net/actionalert.html</A></DIV></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_001_0256_01BF0688.58775E00--
------=_NextPart_000_0255_01BF0688.58775E00
Content-Type: text/x-vcard;
	name="www.westpacfisheries.net.vcf"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename="www.westpacfisheries.net.vcf"
BEGIN:VCARD
VERSION:2.1
N:;www.westpacfisheries.net
FN:www.westpacfisheries.net
ORG:Bob Endreson..........Western Pacific Fisheries Coalition
TEL;WORK;VOICE:808-254-5900
TEL;WORK;FAX:808-254-5404
URL:http://www.westpacfisheries.net
URL:http://www.westpacfisheries.net
EMAIL;PREF;INTERNET:bob@westpacfisheries.net
EMAIL;INTERNET:bob@westpacfisheries.net
REV:19990924T222845Z
END:VCARD
------=_NextPart_000_0255_01BF0688.58775E00--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep 27 07:49:27 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id HAA26280 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 07:49:26 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA28303; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 07:54:43 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028284; Mon, 27 Sep 99 07:54:31 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 07:51:28 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id LAA05244; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 11:27:19 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id HAA05214; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 07:27:12 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA27214; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 07:32:32 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma027182; Mon, 27 Sep 99 07:32:08 -0400
Received: from surf.blur (surf [172.16.100.3])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with ESMTP
	  id HAA25765 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 07:26:50 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from localhost by surf.blur (8.8.8+Sun/SMI-SVR4)
	id HAA02511; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 07:26:50 -0400 (EDT)
Date: Mon, 27 Sep 1999 07:26:50 -0400 (EDT)
From: Jim Hendee <Jim.Hendee@noaa.gov>
X-Sender: hendee@surf
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: coral workstation down
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.03.9909270723220.2304-100000@surf>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jim Hendee <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 617
Sorry, team, but we have been experiencing network difficulties for the
last several days; therefore, coral-list and the CHAMP web page were
inaccessible.  Sorry for the inconvenience.
	Cheers,
	Jim Hendee
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep 27 08:27:19 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA27037 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 08:27:19 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA00139; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 08:34:59 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma000107; Mon, 27 Sep 99 08:34:01 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 08:30:51 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA05652; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 12:05:57 GMT
Message-Id: <199909271205.MAA05652@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Mon, 27 Sep 1999 18:14:27 +0700
From: Reef-99 <reef99@uninet.net.id>
Organization: Coral reef 99
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: CORAL REEF 99 CONFERENCE BALI DECEMBER 1 -3 1999
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Reef-99 <reef99@uninet.net.id>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 618
Dear Colleagues
I would like to share with you some alarming news regarding the =93Lembeh
strait Preservation Society=94.
=93 Meares Soputan=94 is a major gold extraction company that plans extract=
 a
huge amount of gold around the tangkoko nature Reserve, including parts of
the Reserve itself!  The major shareholder is =93Aurora Mines=94, one of th=
e
biggest Australian mining companies. The Australian Company has been
exploring the region for the last three years. Gold extraction is expected
to begin this year. The problem arises with the waste disposal system that
Aurora intends to implement in order to dispose of the cyanide and the
other highly toxic chemicals used in the gold separation process. It is
really unfortunate that to this date big companies still view the ocean as
a bottomless waste basket.  It is in the =93 Ocean waste basket=94 that Aur=
ora
Mines plans to discard the toxic chemicals using the submarine tailings
system.
Please bear with me while I explain how this process works. The submarine
tailings system consists of a submarine pipe that releases the toxic waste
(tailings) in the ocean below the thermocline level. In theory the sharp
decrease in temperature would =93trap=94 anything beneath the thermocline
level for this project, a 150 meters dept has been set. That is the plan
where the company plans to run the submarine pipe. The mining company says
that it will release the toxic waste below the thermocline level which is
assumed to be located around 80-100 meters below sea level. They say that
THERE IS NO LIFE BELOW THIS POINT!! Their assumption are built on data
collected in non-tropical regions. The issue about the location of the
thermocline regions is very different in tropical countries. They are
actually having quite some trouble convincing local fishermen, who catch
fish up to 200 meters deep, that there is NO LIFE beyond 80-100 meters and
that their catch will not be affected. In fact, there is video footage
from the coelacanth fish research project which shows a variety of marine
life below 200 meters: deepwater snapper, sponges, gorgonian, chambered
Nautilus, coelacanths, deep water sharks, rays etc. the assumptions that
the thermocline will =93trap=94 the released toxic wastes is also superfici=
al
to say the least. There is really No sharp thermocline there and there and
the temperature starts to go down below 100 meters. However, this is not a
sharp thermocline which would =93trap=94 anything beneath it. In addition, =
the
region is known to have a Lot of cold water upwelling. Colder water coming
from the deep is in fact one of the main reasons why the EL Nino has had
little effect in the area. You can feel the cold water up welling in your
every day dives!! In fact, scientists say that nothing necessarily stays
beneath the thermocline- it can easily be stirred up even if the pipe is
placed at a depth of 250 meters.
The Australian company has some trouble coming up with convincing
arguments regarding the depth of 80-80 meters present waste release
location.  They could run the pipe offshore until they reach the 150 meter
depth target, but that would mean shooting the toxic waste into the mouth
of the Lembeh Strait. Those of you who have dove in the strait know about
the strong currents. In fact, you do not have to be a rocket scientist to
figure out that strong water flow and the cold water upwelling will turn
the lembeh strait into a cyanide solution.
The Australian Company has sent emissaries to the various villages to
convince the subsistence fishermen and the local communities that their
livelihood will not be affected. Well, if there is =93no problem=94 why do
they go into so much trouble to convince people that everything will be
OK. Of course, the time that you could buy people with a couple of shiny
beads is long gone, These people are poor and uneducated but they are not
stupid. They actually have a very convincing example regarding the
system=92s safety: Newmont, Yes, the people near Newmont, where a similar
submarine system operates, believed that their lives will not change.
Today, out of 17 fish species that were caught for consumption, only two
fish species remain in addition, they cannot sell their catch because
consumers fear the fish is intoxicated, and with good reason.
The submarine piping waste disposal system has been banned in the USA,
Canada and Australia but is still allowed in Indonesia which is currently
the only country the system. As you can understand, the financial
interests are huge and this is not going to be an easy one two win.
Fortunately,=94 Minewatch=94 and other International environmental agencies
have taken this matter very seriously.
I understand that you are all very busy. Companies like =93Aurora Mines=94 =
are
very aware of that and it suits their plans perfectly. They know that
after a while you will =93forget=94 about it since you will have to attend
more pressing matters.  However, please take the time and let them know
that you care.
Integrated Selayar Bonded Zone For Industry, Business and TourismCorporatio=
n
SELAYER INVESTMENT AND DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION (SIDCO)
                                               Preface
As part of the vision and overall development plan for Eastern Indonesia, t=
he
President R.I.
Prof. DR. BJ. Habbie has designated Selayer  South Sulawesi the THRIRD LARG=
EST
ATTOL islands in the world as a centre for Industry, Business, and Tourism,=
 as
the locomotive for the development of Eastern Indonesia. Working together w=
ith
the people of Indonesia and other nations to strengthen the economy and
production of exports as a symbol of national strength.
This project was proposed to the government and approved by the president o=
n
August 18 1998 to change Selayar to be an Integrated - Industry - Business =
-
Tourism - Zone.
Named as Selayar Investment and Development Corporation (SIDCO). This zone
consists of 7 Kecamatan, (3 Kecamatan on the island itself and 4 other
Kecamatan surrounding the island (south, southeast and northwest)) as
described below :
- Kec. Bontomatene (North of Selayar) 138,53 Km2
- Kec. Bantoharu (Central Selayar) 133,74 Km2
- Kec. Bontosikuyu (South of Selayar) 183,26 Km2
- Kec. Bontomaeru (Northwest of Selayar) 186,92 Km2
- Kec. Pasitallu (Southeast islands) 51,05 Km2
- Kec. Pasimasunggu (Southeast islands) 98,39 Km2
- Kec. Pasimaranu (South islands) 111,46 Km2
With the total of 903,35 Km2 or 90.335 Ha this area consist of 60 island,bi=
g
and small.
This project will be divided by three major areas that will maximise the
potential of the whole eastern Indonesia :
1. Zone A- Industry
It is set on the north part of the island (Kec. Bontomatene). HEMOCO Selaya=
r
Refinery will be built in this zone to produce drilling equipment, machiner=
y,
fishing boats, workshops and other thing to help the fishery and agricultur=
e
industry. A township will also be build here for employees that work in thi=
s
area.
The prime Industry - HEMOCO Selayer International Refinery - will have
refining capacity for 150,000 barrel per day, with potential to develop a
capacity of 450,000 BPD. This industry will supply fuel and raw material fo=
r
Petrochemical, and Chemical industries to be developed in the park.
Production will also be available for distribution to develop industry
nationally and for export.
2. Zone B-Government, Trading and Housing In this zone lies the capitol cit=
y
of Selayar - Benteng that will be expanded for Banking, Business, Governmen=
t,
Housing, Education, Antar Bangsa Airport in Padang and Deep Water Antar Ban=
gsa
Harbour in south side of Benteng. Benteng as the centre of information is
needed to support the first stage of the Refinery - Business - Tourism
Industry. All of this will have a very strong impact to both local and abro=
ad.
3.  Zone C-Tourism
This industry will be placed on the south side of the island, Pasi and Gusu=
ng
Island areas. Including international standard 3,4,5 Star Hotels and Resort=
s,
also golf course, marina, water sports, Olympic standard sports centre,
information centre, tourism educational centre, including traditional
community, fishing, sailing, diving, Taka Bonerate National Marine Park
(500.000 Ha) (3rd biggest in the world, biggest species diversity in the
world), fantasy world, marine world, floating restaurant, Indonesia Miniatu=
re
Park, Safari Park, United Nations Village, etc. will be build here.
It is very important to expand this area because it has 3 international sca=
le
marine parks : Taka Bonerate - Selayarand Sabalana - Pangkep, South Sulawes=
i
and Hoga - Buton, South East Sulawesi.
To support all of this, there will be a few thing that are need to be
provided, such as :
* Sea - Catamaran fleet, Hydrofoil, Motor powered Pinisi.
* Land - Double way system that provides international standard transportat=
ion
to and from     Selayar.
* Air - Will provide fast transportation to connect East and West, Asia
Pacific and the Continent. To do so, we propose a joint operation with Garu=
da
Indonesia to establish an East Indonesia Air Transport where Ujung Pandang
will be the international gateway to these parts of Indonesia. Also to make
Antar Bangsa Airport in Padang, Benteng, Selayar to be =93Pair City=94 from=
 Ujung
Pandang, and make it as the =93last destination=94 for the Industry - Busin=
ess -
Tourism area.
HEMCO Selayar International Oil Refinery is a part of MIGAS Industry Bonded
Zone in SIDCO. Feasibility study of SIDCO will be made and will be the base
structure for planning and developing of the Integrated Selayar Bonded Zone
for Industry, Business and Tourism Corporation.
SIDCO will be the company that acts as a big magnet with modern internation=
al
standard management. This way, people that live in this area can have a bet=
ter
lifestyle, through hard work and good planning.
All of this can be achieved by self motivating and self propelling accordin=
g
to the open basic business principle in their soul and their National
-International scale entrepreneurship. A business and trading  oriented
company in the world market with its own strength will have no
problem competing in any condition in the 21st century Millennium 3, on the
Hallmark Indonesia, in the event to develop and build a stronger economy an=
d
finance in Indonesia .  Air Transport development proposal This is a joint
venture project between KTI (Kawasan Timur Indonesia) with  Garuda Indonesi=
a
to develop Ujung Pandang to be the international gateway to
the eastern Indonesia through the international airport in Padang.
Fleet Planning 1999-2001
* 6 Boeing 737-200        Seats =3D 99 seats   Cargo bulk space =3D 3,5 ton=
s
* 3 Boeing 737-300        Seats =3D 112 seats      Cargo bulk space =3D 4 t=
ons
Crew planning     Cockpit crew =3D 72 personnel   Cabin crew =3D 144 person=
nel
Fleet Planning starting 2001-2003
* 3 Boeing 747-400 Combi     Seats =3D 300 seats Cargo compartment =3D 70 t=
ons
* 3 Boeing 747-400             Seats =3D 450 seats      Cargo compartment =
=3D 35
tons
* 3 Airbus (freighter) A300-600 Seats =3D 230 seats  Cargo compartment =3D =
12
tons
* 8 Boeing 737-600                     Seats =3D 130 seats
CLOSE
It is our analysis - based on personal opinion - and interesting to note;- =
Of
the proposal=92s verbiage two paragraphs are devoted to the refinery
development, . This is the first part and by far the major investment of
several billion dollars compared to the "Tourism=94 proposal. Also whilst
refining capacity is shown, no mention of storage capacity is made.
The Tourism section consists of plans for 3,4,5 star hotels resorts, golf
course and other =93plastic=94 attractions, (Here I question how much of Zo=
nes B &
C development, and over what time period, is guaranteed under the overall
proposal).
The proposal reflects a complete failure to understand what real eco-touris=
m
and protected national marine parks are all about. Whilst openly acknowledg=
ing
the area as a most diverse one for marine species, and the presence of othe=
r
protected areas in the vicinity, absolutely no mention is made concerning t=
he
impact or possible hazards introduced by the construction of deep water
berthing for very large crude oil carriers, and there presence, and I suspe=
ct
that of naphtha and ethylene carriers which will carry refined products to
Korea. (as part of the inducement for Korean Investment). Also the physical
dangers of damage through navigational
errors, oil spills, tank cleaning, and other potential hazards are not
mentioned. (ESSO Valdez is still in appeal courts unresolved and only two o=
f
thousands of species damaged have so far recovered)
Selayer as a major refinery is based on its remote and strategically centra=
l
position in the seas of Indonesia, and its relative position to the future
large gas field developments in the Irian Jaya, Berau area by ARCO and Brit=
ish
Gas, together with other partners . This convenience excuses the
degradation of the island, and the whole area to the east, key areas of mar=
ine
diversity, as part of national development.
Storage of large amounts of crude oil from Kuwait, for process and re expor=
t
of refined derivatives to Korea indicates - Kuwait desires a remote and
relative secure location to store and sell it=92s oil from (free from the
possibility of Sadam=92s interference), - The Korean entity benefit from th=
e
supply of environmentally =93volatile=94 substances, without subjecting its=
 own
environment to risk, - The Indonesian investment group, which includes peop=
le
closely related in business to both the current and past presidents have us=
ed
their own relationship to this area as their =93homeland=94 to seized on th=
is
opportunity to provide these facilities and benefit from the commercial spi=
n
offs, while presenting a =93Forward to the 21=92st century development of t=
he poor
locals=94 sub-defuge, to the people of Indonesia. The writer fully agrees t=
hat
Selayer should be declared as a centre for Eco Tourism for Eastern Indonesi=
a,
Facilities should include a Centre for Research and Education into Appropri=
ate
and Sustainable Technology to support this. If we are to sustain a vital pa=
rt
of Indonesias marine resources, efforts should be begun immediately to find
potential =93environmental investors=94 to develop this project, and submit=
 it as
a rival proposal to SIDCO - HEMOCO for the island development immediately.
These and more projects are products of the former and present Government a=
re
based on a not =93clean=94 Government,
We the Indonesian people are FIGHTING for a Clean Government and a clean
SEA,Your support is needed by participating CORAL REEF 99 were Representati=
ves
of the mining compannies will discuss the above problems with NGO=92s and l=
ocal
fisherman.
With YOUR SUPPORT and as many as possible International Participants, we wi=
ll
be able to put
Pressure to the Government.
We count on your support to KEEP THE CORAL REEFS A LIFE. The Orgazing
Coommitte of
Coral Reef 99 is NON GOVERNMENT !!!!!
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep 27 09:19:07 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA28763 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 09:19:06 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA05917; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 09:26:47 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma005860; Mon, 27 Sep 99 09:26:29 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 09:23:24 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA01704; Fri, 24 Sep 1999 21:51:33 GMT
Message-Id: <199909242151.VAA01704@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Fri, 24 Sep 1999 14:49:40 -0400
From: "Benjamin L. Richards" <Ben.Richards@noaa.gov>
Organization: NOAA Florida Keys National Marine Sancutary
To: marbio@mote.org, Coral-List@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, cmpan@ucdavis.edu
CC: fknms_all@noaa.gov
Subject: New and improved web site for the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Benjamin L. Richards" <ben.richards@noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 619
    The Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary would like to announce the
release of its new and improved web site at http://www.fknms.nos.noaa.gov.
    The Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary is a 9500 square kilometer
multiple-use marine protected area extending from Key Largo to the
Tortugas.  The Sanctuary protects a diverse array of habitats including
coral, seagrass, and mangrove communities as well as submerged cultural
resources.  The Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary is committed to
achieving a balance between resource protection and multiple, compatible
uses of Sanctuary resources.
    In the new and improved web site, visitors will be able to familiarize
themselves with the Florida Keys and the Sanctuary with a wealth of
information on topics such as volunteer opportunities, regulations, and
current research.  Also on-line is a clickable map of the Sanctuary and
adjacent waters.  From this map visitors can click on a specific area of
interest and gather information concerning zone type, GPS coordinates,
regulations governing allowable activities in the area, as well as current
research being conducted at a particular site.  On-line information is
also available on obtaining research and other permits to conduct specific
activities within the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary.
    We welcome you to dive in at http://www.fknms.nos.noaa.gov.
--
Benjamin L. Richards
NOAA Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary
P.O. Box 500391
Marathon FL, 33050
(305) 743-2437 x28
ben.richards@noaa.gov
Check out the new and improved web site of the Florida Keys National
Marine Sanctuary
http://www.fknms.nos.noaa.gov
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep 27 10:03:52 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA00741 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 10:03:52 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA09830; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 10:11:32 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma009603; Mon, 27 Sep 99 10:10:27 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 10:06:31 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA06325; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 13:49:28 GMT
Message-Id: <199909271349.NAA06325@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: 22 Sep 99 05:58:59 +1000
From: Jon Dee <jondee@planetark.org>
Subject: From Planet Ark in Australia
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jon Dee <jondee@planetark.org>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 620
Hello,
I'm writing  from Planet Ark Environmental Foundation in Australia.
We have a website which hosts the daily Reuters 'World Environment News'
service (www.planetark.org).
Every day, we send out daily 'World Environment News' headlines free of
charge to thousands of subscribers.  We also place 15-40 fresh
environment news stories onto our site.
The site also acts as a repository for thousands of Reuters
environmental news stories from the last 18 months - this resource is
fully searchable and is a great research tool.
We also have the latest Reuters environmental news pictures (we are the
only web site in the world that currently has this service).
We also have free environmental software, environmental QuickTime
videos, environmental radio shows in streaming RealPlayer format and
much more for people interested in doing their bit for the environment.
If you are interested in looking at the site and subscribing to the news
service then that would be great. If you can help us in promoting this
service to other environmentalists, then we'd really appreciate your
help.
If you visit us, don't forget to check out the latest TV PSA that has
been done for our site by James Bond actor Pierce Brosnan. This is being
launched worldwide to coincide with the new Bond movie at the end of
November.
If you get the time, please let me know what you think of the site...
I'd like to read your feedback!
With best regards,
Jon Dee
__________________________________________
JON DEE
Founder & Managing Director
Planet Ark Environmental Foundation
__________________________________________
PH ... +61 2 9319 5288
FX ... +61 2 9319 7199
E-MAIL jondee@planetark.org
WEB    www.planetark.org
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep 27 16:49:25 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA13298 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 16:49:25 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA26512; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 16:57:04 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma026473; Mon, 27 Sep 99 16:56:53 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 16:48:49 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA09054; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 20:38:21 GMT
Received: from taro.poi.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA09058; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 16:38:13 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from bob (chris-13.poi.net [209.213.40.133])
	by taro.poi.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id KAA05324
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 27 Sep 1999 10:40:00 -1000 (HST)
Message-Id: <001f01bf0929$1d830c60$8528d5d1@bob>
From: "Bob Endreson" <bob@westpacfisheries.net>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Congress to Stop Shark Finning
Date: Mon, 27 Sep 1999 10:44:36 -1000
Organization: Western Pacific Fisheries Coalition
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/mixed;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_001B_01BF08D5.4B046A20"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2314.1300
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Bob Endreson" <bob@westpacfisheries.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 621
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_001B_01BF08D5.4B046A20
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_001_001C_01BF08D5.4B046A20"
------=_NextPart_001_001C_01BF08D5.4B046A20
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
The Western Pacific Fisheries Coalition has learned that Congressman =
Randy Cunningham (R-CA) has introduced legislation to ban shark finning, =
the cutting off of a shark's fins and dumping its carcass overboard, in =
all U.S. waters. The Legislation is being submitted in two parts. The =
first urges Regional Fishery Management Council's to stop finning and =
the second will amend U.S. law prohibiting shark finning in all US =
waters this fall.=20
In a June 21, 1999 letter to the Chairman of the Western Pacific =
Council, Mr. Terry Garcia, Deputy Administrator of NOAA, who must =
approve whatever the Council does, directs the Council to "take =
immediate action to ban the practice of shark finning". In the letter, =
Mr. Garcia points out that the US has been a leading proponent of =
international shark conservation measures at the United Nations FAO =
meetings this year. He goes on to say that "The US position during =
development of the International Plan of Action for the Conservation and =
Management of Sharks was that the FAO should affirmatively address this =
issue, even to the extent of putting in place a global ban on shark =
finning". Mr. Garcia's letter concludes by saying that "The Council =
should amend the Western Pacific Pelagic Fishery Management Plan to =
require full utilization of all sharks harvested in this fishery".=20
86% of the sharks caught are brought to the boat alive according to NMFS =
observers and then shot, hacked to death or knocked unconscious before =
being finned. We'll never know if in fact they were dead when thrown =
back into the sea because 99% of the shark is thrown over board and =
wasted. NMFS data also shows that Shark landings have declined from =
approximately 155,000 in 1993 to approximately 90,000 in 1998. The data =
also shows that although landings have decreased, sharks that were =
finned increased from approximately 3,000 in 1992 to over 60,000 in =
1998. The data further shows that the CPUE (catch per unit of effort) of =
blue sharks has decreased from 28.0 per 1,000 hooks in 1995 to 14.0 in =
1997 a 50% reduction.
Cunningham's actions follows in the wake of the Western Pacific Regional =
Fishery Management Council attempts to allow finning to continue here in =
the Western Pacific, while it is banned in the Atlantic and Gulf. 16 out =
of 19 Coastal States ban shark finning as it is deemed wasteful. The =
Council has been trying to justify the practice to both the Hawaii State =
Legislature and the Federal Government, however obviously their =
arguments had no merit. We have asked for the Secretary of Commerce to =
pre-empt the Council See preemption request at =
http://www.westpacfisheries.net/actionalert.html . However, now it seems =
that Congress will do the right thing.
------=_NextPart_001_001C_01BF08D5.4B046A20
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D"MSHTML 5.00.2314.1000" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV>
<P>The <B>Western Pacific Fisheries Coalition</B><FONT face=3D"Times =
New"> has=20
learned that Congressman Randy Cunningham (R-CA) has introduced =
legislation to=20
ban shark finning, the cutting off of a shark's fins and dumping its =
carcass=20
overboard, in all U.S. waters. The Legislation is being submitted in two =
parts.=20
The first urges Regional Fishery Management Council&#8217;s to stop =
finning and the=20
second will amend U.S. law prohibiting shark finning in all US waters =
this fall.=20
</P>
<P>In a June 21, 1999 letter to the Chairman of the Western Pacific =
Council, Mr.=20
Terry Garcia, Deputy Administrator of NOAA, who must approve whatever =
the=20
Council does, directs the Council to "take immediate action to ban the =
practice=20
of shark finning". In the letter, Mr. Garcia points out that the US has =
been a=20
leading proponent of international shark conservation measures at the =
United=20
Nations FAO meetings this year. He goes on to say that "The US position =
during=20
development of the International Plan of Action for the Conservation and =
Management of Sharks was that the FAO should affirmatively address this =
issue,=20
even to the extent of putting in place a global ban on shark finning". =
Mr.=20
Garcia's letter concludes by saying that "The Council should amend the =
Western=20
Pacific Pelagic Fishery Management Plan to require full utilization of =
all=20
sharks harvested in this fishery". </P>
<P>86% of the sharks caught are brought to the boat alive according to =
NMFS=20
observers and then shot, hacked to death or knocked unconscious before =
being=20
finned. We'll never know if in fact they were dead when thrown back into =
the sea=20
because 99% of the shark is thrown over board and wasted. NMFS data also =
shows=20
that Shark landings have declined from approximately 155,000 in 1993 to=20
approximately 90,000 in 1998. The data also shows that although landings =
have=20
decreased, sharks that were finned increased from approximately 3,000 in =
1992 to=20
over 60,000 in 1998. The data further shows that the CPUE (catch per =
unit of=20
effort) of blue sharks has decreased from 28.0 per 1,000 hooks in 1995 =
to 14.0=20
in 1997 a 50% reduction.</P>
<P>Cunningham&#8217;s actions follows in the wake of the Western Pacific =
Regional=20
Fishery Management Council attempts to allow finning to continue here in =
the=20
Western Pacific, while it is banned in the Atlantic and Gulf. 16 out of =
19=20
Coastal States ban shark finning as it is deemed wasteful. The Council =
has been=20
trying to justify the practice to both the Hawaii State Legislature and =
the=20
Federal Government, however obviously their arguments had no merit. We =
have=20
asked for the Secretary of Commerce to pre-empt the Council See =
preemption=20
request at http://www.westpacfisheries.net/actionalert.html . However, =
now it=20
seems that Congress will do the right =
thing.</P></FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_001_001C_01BF08D5.4B046A20--
------=_NextPart_000_001B_01BF08D5.4B046A20
Content-Type: text/x-vcard;
	name="www.westpacfisheries.net.vcf"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename="www.westpacfisheries.net.vcf"
BEGIN:VCARD
VERSION:2.1
N:;www.westpacfisheries.net
FN:www.westpacfisheries.net
ORG:Bob Endreson..........Western Pacific Fisheries Coalition
TEL;WORK;VOICE:808-254-5900
TEL;WORK;FAX:808-254-5404
URL:http://www.westpacfisheries.net
URL:http://www.westpacfisheries.net
EMAIL;PREF;INTERNET:bob@westpacfisheries.net
EMAIL;INTERNET:bob@westpacfisheries.net
REV:19990927T204436Z
END:VCARD
------=_NextPart_000_001B_01BF08D5.4B046A20--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Sep 28 18:08:30 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA02217 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 28 Sep 1999 17:07:10 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA06486; Tue, 28 Sep 1999 17:14:52 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma006438; Tue, 28 Sep 99 17:14:08 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 28 Sep 1999 17:10:47 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA17556; Tue, 28 Sep 1999 20:49:58 GMT
Received: from oriole by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA17509; Tue, 28 Sep 1999 16:49:50 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from ccmail.itd.nps.gov (ccmail.itd.nps.gov [165.83.216.134])
	by oriole (8.8.7/8.8.7) with SMTP id RAA22220;
	Tue, 28 Sep 1999 17:04:49 -0400
Received: from ccMail by ccmail.itd.nps.gov
  (IMA Internet Exchange 2.12 Enterprise) id 003AE2EA; Tue, 28 Sep 1999 16:42:05 -0400
Mime-Version: 1.0
Date: Tue, 28 Sep 1999 14:54:02 -0400
Message-Id: <003AE2EA.1235@nps.gov>
From: Don_Catanzaro@nps.gov (Don Catanzaro)
Subject: RE:  Job Openings with NPS in USVI
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, caroline_rogers@usgs.gov,
        afriedlander@teligentmail.com, jbeets@ju.edu,
        J.C.Bythell@newcastle.ac.uk, Ginger_Garrison@usgs.gov,
        J_Miller@usgs.gov, virmc@egroups.com,
        caribbean-biodiversity@egroups.com
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Description: cc:Mail note part
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Don_Catanzaro@nps.gov (Don Catanzaro)
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 622
Hi All,
I am pleased to announce that the National Park Service's Virgin Islands Long
Term Ecological Monitoring Program will be hiring two GS-5/7 permanent
Biological Science Technicians.  One position will be stationed at St. Croix,
USVI and the other at St. John, USVI.  The successful candidates will earn
$20,588 or $25,501 plus a 20% non-taxable Cost of Living Adjustment (grade
determination will be determined by qualifications).  Please be advised that no
housing nor moving expenses have been authorized for these positions.
The Virgin Islands Long Term Ecological Program is being developed cooperatively
by the National Park Service and the U.S.G.S. Biological Resources Division.
The National Park Service is currently phasing in personnel for this program.
Applicants must have SCUBA certification and experience.  Preference is given to
those with experience identifying corals and fish of the Caribbean, small vessel
operation experience, and computer skills.  Successful candidates will be
involved in monitoring coral reefs, coral fish, seagrasses, sea birds, sea
turtles and water quality parameters surrounding Buck Island Reef National
Monument, Dry Tortugas National Park, and Virgin Islands National Park.
This is a great opportunity for budding biologists to get their feet wet.
Applications can be obtained from www.usajobs.opm.gov or by phoning the Virgin
Islands National Park jobline (340-775-6238 ext. 230).  The jobs will open
9/28/1999 for approximately two weeks, please refer to announcement numbers PR
90119 through PR 90122.  Please forward this announcement to interested
individuals.  If you have any questions, feel free to call or e-mail me.
-Don
                                                              Carpe Dogma      _
          ______       ________    -
Dr. Donald G. Catanzaro
National Park Service
Virgin Islands - Long Term Ecological Monitoring Program
Don_Catanzaro@nps.gov
2100 Church St., Kings Wharf #100                              Ph:
(340)-773-1460 ext. 42
Christiansted, USVI  00820-4611                            Fax:  (340)-773-5995
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Sep 28 18:09:31 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA01668 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 28 Sep 1999 15:03:15 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA27931; Tue, 28 Sep 1999 15:08:32 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma027872; Tue, 28 Sep 99 15:07:33 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 28 Sep 1999 15:04:25 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA16767; Tue, 28 Sep 1999 18:44:43 GMT
Message-Id: <199909281844.SAA16767@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: Sinikka DeHanas <SDeHanas@winrock.org>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Red Sea Marine Operations Expert - search continues
Date: Tue, 28 Sep 1999 11:13:19 -0500
Importance: high
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Sinikka DeHanas <SDeHanas@winrock.org>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 623
Dear List Serves:
I was too quick in closing the search for the Red Sea Marine Operations
Expert.  We have now been asked to continue the search for this position.  I
would appreciate you continuing to post this position on your list serves.
Thank you very much for your help in the search for the candidates for this
exciting assignment.
Sinikka DeHanas
Winrock International
sdehanas@winrock.org <mailto:sdehanas@winrock.org>
___________
Red Sea Marine Park Operations Expert
Winrock International is searching for candidates for Marine Park Operations
Expert position based in Hurghada, Egypt.  This will be a full-time
appointment to end February 2001 with the expectation that the contract
period will be extended.  The position requires previous experience in
marine park operations and with USAID projects, a good foundation in marine
sciences, and ability and interest to work based on the Red Sea coast of
Egypt.  The candidates must be U.S. citizens or permanent residents.  The
candidate selected will be hired through Winrock International and will be
eligible for an excellent benefits package and for housing, shipping and
other allowances as approved by USAID.  Winrock International is an Equal
Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer.  Women, Minorities and Veterans are
encouraged to apply.  Send a cover letter and resume to sdehanas@winrock.org
<mailto:sdehanas@winrock.org> . The full position description is below.
Provides support and technical assistance to the Red Sea Protectorates Staff
in the day-to-day management of the Park.  Manages local contract staff
assigned to the Hurghada Office.  Responsible for development of a coral
reef monitoring system and a park zoning plan, designing    and implementing
a park patrol and staffing plan, advising  EEAA in equipment procurement and
facility expansion, operations and maintenance of park facilities and
equipment, and training needs.  Will be expected to provide significant
contributions to the development of the RSPMP   draft plan. Responsible for
outreach to local NGOs, private sector groups, and local communities. Acts
as the principal liaison between the contractor staff in the Red Sea and the
Marine Park EU-funded staff in the Gulf of Aqaba. Responsible for
coordinating activities and operational policies with the other marine
protectorates.  Reports to the Red Sea Marine Park Management Advisor.
Extensive management and team building experience in developing countries
and previous USAID project experience required.  Should possess at least 5
years field-based experience in coral reef monitoring and/or marine park
management.  An advanced degree in coral reef ecology, marine biology, or
related field is required.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Sep 28 18:11:08 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA27049 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 28 Sep 1999 10:38:23 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA05559; Tue, 28 Sep 1999 10:43:39 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma005525; Tue, 28 Sep 99 10:43:08 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 28 Sep 1999 10:34:21 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA14573; Tue, 28 Sep 1999 14:20:27 GMT
Received: from gsvms2.cc.gasou.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA10865; Tue, 28 Sep 1999 10:20:14 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from Dgleason.Bio.gasou.edu ([141.165.35.123]) by gsvms2.cc.gasou.edu
          with SMTP; Tue, 28 Sep 1999 10:23:04 -0400
Message-Id: <3.0.5.32.19990928101336.0117c5d0@gsvms2.cc.gasou.edu>
X-Sender: dgleason@gsvms2.cc.gasou.edu
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.5 (32)
Date: Tue, 28 Sep 1999 10:13:36 -0400
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Danny Gleason <dgleason@gsvms2.cc.gasou.edu>
Subject: RE: To Bali or not to Bali....
Cc: Wes Tunnell <jtunnell@falcon.tamucc.edu>
In-Reply-To: <01BF0372.15102D40@nrc3213-1.tamucc.edu>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Danny Gleason <dgleason@gsvms2.cc.gasou.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 624
Coral List,
I wholeheartedly agree with Wes' comment about the shift in timing of the
conference.  Unfortunately (or fortunately) many of us, especially those of
us at primarly teaching institutions, have to teach classes in the fall and
will be unable to get away for the conference.  I have talked with several
of my colleagues that are at similar institutions and they also will be
prevented from attending because of the switch from summer to fall.
Regardless of the political ramifications, just by switching the timing the
organizers have already excluded a number of researchers that regularly
attend the conference.
Best wishes,
Danny Gleason
At 02:11 PM 9/20/99 -0500, you wrote:
>Dear Coral Reefer Colleagues,
>
>In regards to a shift in timing of the Bali 2000 conference, an extended
move to the summer of 2001 would allow plenty of assessment time and might
allow more academicians and students to attend.  Although I was not privy
to the reason for selecting a "western" fall semester timeframe, it is the
first time since I went to the 1985 meeting in Tahiti that the meeting has
been "outside" the summer.  Although I plan to be there, and I am sure
there were good reasons for selecting the fall timeframe, I believe some,
perhaps many, academicians and students will find it difficult to attend,
and especially participate in field trips.
>
>Regards,
>Wes Tunnell
>Director, Center for Coastal Studies
>Texas A&M University - Corpus Christi
>
>----------
**************************************
"Heck, we're invertebrates, my boy!  As a whole, we're
the movers and shakers on this planet!  Spineless
superheroes, that's what we are!"
Father Worm to his son in "There's a Hair in My Dirt -
A Worm Story" by Gary Larson
**************************************
Daniel Gleason
Department of Biology
Georgia Southern University
P.O. Box 8042
Statesboro, GA  30460-8042
Phone: 912-681-5957
FAX: 912-681-0845
E-mail: dgleason@gsvms2.cc.gasou.edu
http://www.bio.gasou.edu/Bio-home/Gleason/Gleason-home.html
**************************************
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Sep 28 18:11:08 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA27048 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 28 Sep 1999 10:38:23 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA05561; Tue, 28 Sep 1999 10:43:39 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma005528; Tue, 28 Sep 99 10:43:11 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 28 Sep 1999 10:34:23 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA14590; Tue, 28 Sep 1999 14:11:02 GMT
Received: from carbon.marine.usf.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA14537; Tue, 28 Sep 1999 10:10:48 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from coral (coral.marine.usf.edu [131.247.136.180]) by carbon.marine.usf.edu (980427.SGI.8.8.8/980728.SGI.AUTOCF) via SMTP id KAA01560 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 28 Sep 1999 10:12:59 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <3.0.6.32.19990928102306.00827e40@carbon.marine.usf.edu>
X-Sender: serge@carbon.marine.usf.edu
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.6 (32)
Date: Tue, 28 Sep 1999 10:23:06 -0400
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Serge Andrefouet <serge@carbon.marine.usf.edu>
Subject: Landsat 7
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Serge Andrefouet <serge@carbon.marine.usf.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 625
Dear colleagues,
Landsat 7 images are now available. The test period of Landsat 7 and the ETM+
sensor was completed in early July 1999. Since then, around 20,000 images have
been
acquired, and a significant number of scenes include coral reef areas. The
useful web sites if you are interested in these images are :
Documentation on Landsat sensors:
http://ltpwww.gsfc.nasa.gov/IAS/handbook/handbook_toc.html
Landsat project:
http://landsat7.usgs.gov/
http://landsat.gsfc.nasa.gov/
Main Landsat data gateway:
http://edcimswww.cr.usgs.gov/pub/imswelcome/
http://harp.gsfc.nasa.gov/~imswww/pub/imswelcome/plain.html
Other gateways (US and international):
http://harp.gsfc.nasa.gov/~imswww/pub/imswelcome/imswwwsites.html
Landsat 7 data ordering tutorial via main gateway:
http://edcwww.cr.usgs.gov/landdaac/tutorial/
Tool to retrieve browse products (i.e. quicklook):
http://edcwww.cr.usgs.gov/landdaac/convert/hdfconvert.html
Useful ordering info:
http://harp.gsfc.nasa.gov/~imswww/pub/imswelcome/imswww.faq.html
http://edcwww.cr.usgs.gov/landdaac/tutorial/tips.html
Current coverage since beginning July 1999:
http://landsat7.usgs.gov/currentcov.html
Landsat software:
http://ltpwww.gsfc.nasa.gov/LANDSAT/CAMPAIGN_DOCS/MAIN/Software.html
Image processing handbook:
http://rst.gsfc.nasa.gov/TofC/Coverpage.html
If you want to browse, visualize and order L7 images, you need to do the
following (sounds complicated but is not):
1/check out one of the gateways. You can enter as a guest or registered user.
2/ you must select the Data Set Catalog you want (Keyword: Landsat or
visible imagery). This is on the Simple form.
3/ select the Dataset you want: for Landsat 7, you have L0R (raw images) or
L1R (radiometrically corrected images). You will be able to order L1G (L1R
images geometrically corrected) as far as you have identified the L0R or
L1R in which you are interested.
4/ select your research criteria. For this I recommend to switch to the
Advanced Form. You can enter your region of interest (lat/long, or Path/row
i.e. coordinates in World Reference System 2, or draw of box on a map),
date, maximum cloud cover, etc...
5/ launch the search and wait.
6/ if succesfull, the search provides for each Data Set the number of
granules found. A granule is actually just an image.
7/ list your data granules (or images)
8/ At this stage, you can select individually each granule and ask for a
sample (i.e. quicklook) to check if the images really cover
your area and the cloud cover. When you request a sample, you have to fill
a form and send it ("Start FTP browse request"). Few minutes later, you
will receive a e-mail with the instructions to visualize your file. This
e-mail contains a line with "FTPDIR:" and a number such as:
FTPDIR: 1452716838
To visualize your file, I recommand you not to follow the instruction of
the e-mail but to open a new browser at
http://edcwww.cr.usgs.gov/landdaac/convert/hdfconvert.html
You just have to input the number right to the FTPDIR to see your quicklook.
9/ take a break
10/ If you are satisfied by the quicklook, have a credit card number in
hand and between 400 to 650 US$, you can follow the next step to complete
your order. Tests show that you will receive your image (CD or tape) in a
few days (for USA). You can also download (FTP) your image.
Quicklooks:
We have put some quicklooks over coral reef areas  at:
http://paria.marine.usf.edu/ftp/Serge/L7
The quicklooks are resampled images (ratio ~1/100) and do not reflect
at all the information provided by the real images. They are of inegal
qualities (e.g. Chrismas1 and Chrismas2) and they are not optimized for
reef detection. As a reminder, L7
image swath is 180 km, the spatial resolution is 30 meters for the bands in
the
visible and 15 meters for the panchromatic band.
A txt file, Word doc file and Endnote file (.enl) including a (non-exhaustive)
bibliography on remote sensing/coral reefs and related subjects
(spectrometry, optics, image processing...) are also posted at:
http://paria.marine.usf.edu/ftp/Serge/Biblio.
The Landsat Project must be acknowledged for their effort in integrating a
significant number
of coral reef sites into the Landsat-7 Long-Term Acquisition Plan (LTAP).
According to
NASA Headquarters, 8725 reef sites (reference Reefbase) have
been integrated in the LTAP, and ~7500 have been surveyed during the first
months of operation. There is still a priority setting for coverage among
these
reefs,
from two images per year (most of the reefs) to 12 images per year for very
high priority reefs or for special events (hurricanes, bleaching,...).
Images are not of course entirely cloud free but the process of acquisition
is well in progress.
Fell free to ask any questions or make comments to:
serge@carbon.marine.usf.edu
Serge Andrefouet
Frank Muller-Karger
Chuanmin Hu
Serge Andrefouet
Department of Marine Science
Remote Sensing/ Biological Oceanography
University of South Florida
140, 7th Av. South
St Petersburg
FL 33701
phone: (727) 553-1186
fax:   (727) 553-1103
E-mail: serge@carbon.marine.usf.edu
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Sep 28 22:32:00 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id WAA06298 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 28 Sep 1999 22:31:59 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA16388; Tue, 28 Sep 1999 22:37:16 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma016374; Tue, 28 Sep 99 22:36:40 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 28 Sep 1999 22:33:36 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id CAA19331; Wed, 29 Sep 1999 02:23:54 GMT
Received: from taro.poi.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id WAA19336; Tue, 28 Sep 1999 22:23:48 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from bob (chris-13.poi.net [209.213.40.133])
	by taro.poi.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id QAA15417
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 28 Sep 1999 16:25:27 -1000 (HST)
Message-Id: <000f01bf0a22$902d0aa0$8528d5d1@bob>
From: "Bob Endreson" <bob@westpacfisheries.net>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Shark Finning Resolution in Congress
Date: Tue, 28 Sep 1999 16:30:13 -1000
Organization: Western Pacific Fisheries Coalition
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/mixed;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_000B_01BF09CE.BD7D9460"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2314.1300
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Bob Endreson" <bob@westpacfisheries.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 626
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_000B_01BF09CE.BD7D9460
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_001_000C_01BF09CE.BD7D9460"
------=_NextPart_001_000C_01BF09CE.BD7D9460
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
 http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/C?c106:./temp/~c106l8g2Oc
------=_NextPart_001_000C_01BF09CE.BD7D9460
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D"MSHTML 5.00.2314.1000" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV><BR>&nbsp;<A=20
href=3D"http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/C?c106:./temp/~c106l8g2Oc">ht=
tp://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/C?c106:./temp/~c106l8g2Oc</A></BODY></H=
TML>
------=_NextPart_001_000C_01BF09CE.BD7D9460--
------=_NextPart_000_000B_01BF09CE.BD7D9460
Content-Type: text/x-vcard;
	name="www.westpacfisheries.net.vcf"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename="www.westpacfisheries.net.vcf"
BEGIN:VCARD
VERSION:2.1
N:;www.westpacfisheries.net
FN:www.westpacfisheries.net
ORG:Bob Endreson..........Western Pacific Fisheries Coalition
TEL;WORK;VOICE:808-254-5900
TEL;WORK;FAX:808-254-5404
URL:http://www.westpacfisheries.net
URL:http://www.westpacfisheries.net
EMAIL;PREF;INTERNET:bob@westpacfisheries.net
EMAIL;INTERNET:bob@westpacfisheries.net
REV:19990929T023013Z
END:VCARD
------=_NextPart_000_000B_01BF09CE.BD7D9460
Content-Type: application/octet-stream;
	name="~c106l8g2Oc.url"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename="~c106l8g2Oc.url"
[DEFAULT]
BASEURL=http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/C?c106:./temp/~c106l8g2Oc
[InternetShortcut]
URL=http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/C?c106:./temp/~c106l8g2Oc
Modified=C0A6E070220ABF01A2
------=_NextPart_000_000B_01BF09CE.BD7D9460--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Sep 28 23:00:21 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id XAA06468 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 28 Sep 1999 23:00:20 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id XAA17205; Tue, 28 Sep 1999 23:05:37 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma017188; Tue, 28 Sep 99 23:04:50 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 28 Sep 1999 23:01:47 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id CAA19439; Wed, 29 Sep 1999 02:51:07 GMT
Received: from taro.poi.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id WAA19204; Tue, 28 Sep 1999 22:51:00 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from bob (chris-13.poi.net [209.213.40.133])
	by taro.poi.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id QAA15767
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 28 Sep 1999 16:52:33 -1000 (HST)
Message-Id: <01c101bf0a26$59421040$8528d5d1@bob>
From: "Bob Endreson" <bob@westpacfisheries.net>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Congressional Shark Action
Date: Tue, 28 Sep 1999 16:57:19 -1000
Organization: Western Pacific Fisheries Coalition
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/mixed;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_01BD_01BF09D2.86CC95C0"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2314.1300
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Bob Endreson" <bob@westpacfisheries.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 627
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_01BD_01BF09D2.86CC95C0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_001_01BE_01BF09D2.86CC95C0"
------=_NextPart_001_01BE_01BF09D2.86CC95C0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
106th CONGRESS
1st Session
H. CON. RES. 189
Expressing the sense of the Congress regarding the wasteful and =
unsportsmanlike practice known as shark finning.=20
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
September 27, 1999
Mr. CUNNINGHAM (for himself, Mr. SAXTON, Mr. UNDERWOOD, Mr. BILBRAY, and =
Mr. GILCHREST) submitted the following concurrent resolution; which was =
referred to the Committee on Resources=20
-------------------------------------------------------------------------=
-------
CONCURRENT RESOLUTION
Expressing the sense of the Congress regarding the wasteful and =
unsportsmanlike practice known as shark finning.=20
Whereas shark finning is the practice of removing the fins of a shark =
and dumping its carcass back into the ocean;=20
Whereas demand for shark fins is driving dramatic increases in shark =
fishing and mortality around the world;=20
Whereas the life history characteristics of sharks, including slow =
growth, late sexual maturity, and the production of few young, make them =
particularly vulnerable to overfishing and necessitate careful =
management of shark fisheries;=20
Whereas shark finning is not prohibited in the waters of the Pacific =
Ocean in which fisheries are managed by the Federal Government;=20
Whereas according to the National Marine Fisheries Service, the number =
of sharks killed in Central Pacific Ocean and Western Pacific Ocean =
fisheries rose from 2,289 in 1991 to 60,857 in 1998, an increase of over =
2,500 percent, and continues to rise unabated;=20
Whereas of the 60,857 sharks landed in Central Pacific Ocean and Western =
Pacific Ocean fisheries in 1998, 98.7 percent, or 60,085, were killed =
for their fins;=20
Whereas shark fins comprise only between 1 percent and 5 percent of the =
weight of a shark, and shark finning results in the unconscionable waste =
of 95 percent to 99 percent (by weight) of a valuable public resource;=20
Whereas the National Marine Fisheries Service has stated that shark =
finning is wasteful, should be stopped, and is contrary to United States =
fisheries conservation and management policies;=20
Whereas shark finning is prohibited in the United States exclusive =
economic zone of the Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and the =
Caribbean;=20
Whereas the practice of shark finning in the waters of the United States =
in the Pacific Ocean is inconsistent with the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery =
Conservation and Management Act, the Federal Fishery Management Plan for =
Atlantic Tunas, Swordfish, and Sharks, and the shark finning =
prohibitions that apply in State waters in the Atlantic Ocean and =
Pacific Ocean;=20
Whereas the United States is a global leader in shark management, and =
the practice of shark finning in the waters of the United States in the =
Pacific Ocean is inconsistent with United States international =
obligations, including the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fishing of =
the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the =
International Plan of Action for Sharks of such organization, and the =
United Nation's Agreement on Straddling Stocks and Highly Migratory =
Species; and=20
Whereas establishment of a prohibition on the practice of shark finning =
in the Central Pacific Ocean and Western Pacific Ocean would result in =
the immediate reduction of waste and could reduce shark mortality by as =
much as 85 percent: Now, therefore, be it=20
  Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate concurring), That =
it is the sense of the Congress that--
    (1) the practice of removing the fins of a shark and dumping its =
carcass back into the ocean, commonly referred to as shark finning, is a =
wasteful and unsportsmanlike practice that could lead to overfishing of =
shark resources;
    (2) the Western Pacific Fishery Management Council, the State of =
Hawaii, and the National Marine Fisheries Service should promptly and =
permanently end the practice of shark finning in all Federal and State =
waters in the Central Pacific Ocean and Western Pacific Ocean; and
    (3) the Secretary of State should continue to strongly advocate for =
the coordinated management of sharks and the eventual elimination of =
shark finning in all other waters.
END
------=_NextPart_001_01BE_01BF09D2.86CC95C0
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D"MSHTML 5.00.2314.1000" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV>
<CENTER>106th CONGRESS</CENTER>
<P>
<CENTER>1st Session</CENTER>
<P><B>
<CENTER>H. CON. RES. 189</CENTER></B>
<P><TTITLE>Expressing the sense of the Congress regarding the wasteful =
and=20
unsportsmanlike practice known as shark finning.</TTITLE>=20
<P><B>
<CENTER>IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES</CENTER></B>
<P>
<H3>
<CENTER>September 27, 1999</CENTER></H3>
<P>Mr. CUNNINGHAM (for himself, Mr. SAXTON, Mr. UNDERWOOD, Mr. BILBRAY, =
and Mr.=20
GILCHREST) submitted the following concurrent resolution; which was =
referred to=20
the Committee on Resources=20
<P>
<HR>
<P><B>
<CENTER>CONCURRENT RESOLUTION</CENTER></B>
<P><BTITLE>Expressing the sense of the Congress regarding the wasteful =
and=20
unsportsmanlike practice known as shark finning.</BTITLE>=20
<P>Whereas shark finning is the practice of removing the fins of a shark =
and=20
dumping its carcass back into the ocean;=20
<P>Whereas demand for shark fins is driving dramatic increases in shark =
fishing=20
and mortality around the world;=20
<P>Whereas the life history characteristics of sharks, including slow =
growth,=20
late sexual maturity, and the production of few young, make them =
particularly=20
vulnerable to overfishing and necessitate careful management of shark =
fisheries;=20
<P>Whereas shark finning is not prohibited in the waters of the Pacific =
Ocean in=20
which fisheries are managed by the Federal Government;=20
<P>Whereas according to the National Marine Fisheries Service, the =
number of=20
sharks killed in Central Pacific Ocean and Western Pacific Ocean =
fisheries rose=20
from 2,289 in 1991 to 60,857 in 1998, an increase of over 2,500 percent, =
and=20
continues to rise unabated;=20
<P>Whereas of the 60,857 sharks landed in Central Pacific Ocean and =
Western=20
Pacific Ocean fisheries in 1998, 98.7 percent, or 60,085, were killed =
for their=20
fins;=20
<P>Whereas shark fins comprise only between 1 percent and 5 percent of =
the=20
weight of a shark, and shark finning results in the unconscionable waste =
of 95=20
percent to 99 percent (by weight) of a valuable public resource;=20
<P>Whereas the National Marine Fisheries Service has stated that shark =
finning=20
is wasteful, should be stopped, and is contrary to United States =
fisheries=20
conservation and management policies;=20
<P>Whereas shark finning is prohibited in the United States exclusive =
economic=20
zone of the Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean;=20
<P>Whereas the practice of shark finning in the waters of the United =
States in=20
the Pacific Ocean is inconsistent with the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery =
Conservation=20
and Management Act, the Federal Fishery Management Plan for Atlantic =
Tunas,=20
Swordfish, and Sharks, and the shark finning prohibitions that apply in =
State=20
waters in the Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean;=20
<P>Whereas the United States is a global leader in shark management, and =
the=20
practice of shark finning in the waters of the United States in the =
Pacific=20
Ocean is inconsistent with United States international obligations, =
including=20
the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fishing of the Food and Agriculture=20
Organization of the United Nations, the International Plan of Action for =
Sharks=20
of such organization, and the United Nation's Agreement on Straddling =
Stocks and=20
Highly Migratory Species; and=20
<P>Whereas establishment of a prohibition on the practice of shark =
finning in=20
the Central Pacific Ocean and Western Pacific Ocean would result in the=20
immediate reduction of waste and could reduce shark mortality by as much =
as 85=20
percent: Now, therefore, be it=20
<P>
<UL><EM>Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate =
concurring)</EM>,=20
  That it is the sense of the Congress that--</UL>
<P>
<UL>
  <UL>(1) the practice of removing the fins of a shark and dumping its =
carcass=20
    back into the ocean, commonly referred to as shark finning, is a =
wasteful=20
    and unsportsmanlike practice that could lead to overfishing of shark =
    resources;</UL></UL>
<P>
<UL>
  <UL>(2) the Western Pacific Fishery Management Council, the State of =
Hawaii,=20
    and the National Marine Fisheries Service should promptly and =
permanently=20
    end the practice of shark finning in all Federal and State waters in =
the=20
    Central Pacific Ocean and Western Pacific Ocean; and</UL></UL>
<P>
<UL>
  <UL>(3) the Secretary of State should continue to strongly advocate =
for the=20
    coordinated management of sharks and the eventual elimination of =
shark=20
    finning in all other waters.</UL></UL>
<P><EM>END</EM><BR></P></DIV></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_001_01BE_01BF09D2.86CC95C0--
------=_NextPart_000_01BD_01BF09D2.86CC95C0
Content-Type: text/x-vcard;
	name="www.westpacfisheries.net.vcf"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename="www.westpacfisheries.net.vcf"
BEGIN:VCARD
VERSION:2.1
N:;www.westpacfisheries.net
FN:www.westpacfisheries.net
ORG:Bob Endreson..........Western Pacific Fisheries Coalition
TEL;WORK;VOICE:808-254-5900
TEL;WORK;FAX:808-254-5404
URL:http://www.westpacfisheries.net
URL:http://www.westpacfisheries.net
EMAIL;PREF;INTERNET:bob@westpacfisheries.net
EMAIL;INTERNET:bob@westpacfisheries.net
REV:19990929T025719Z
END:VCARD
------=_NextPart_000_01BD_01BF09D2.86CC95C0--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Sep 29 10:55:54 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA14837 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 29 Sep 1999 10:55:53 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA14889; Wed, 29 Sep 1999 11:03:36 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma014845; Wed, 29 Sep 99 11:02:50 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 29 Sep 1999 10:59:05 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA23643; Wed, 29 Sep 1999 14:33:52 GMT
Received: from postoffice2.mail.cornell.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA22734; Wed, 29 Sep 1999 10:33:46 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from [132.236.111.152] ([132.236.111.152])
	by postoffice2.mail.cornell.edu (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id KAA04076
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 29 Sep 1999 10:36:04 -0400 (EDT)
X-Sender: ljr5@postoffice4.mail.cornell.edu
Message-Id: <v04003001b417d286e412@[132.236.111.152]>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Date: Wed, 29 Sep 1999 10:36:05 -0400
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Laurie Jeanne Raymundo <ljr5@cornell.edu>
Subject: RE: To Bali or Not To Bali...
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Laurie Jeanne Raymundo <ljr5@cornell.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status: A
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 628
Hi, All:
I guess it's about time for me to give my two-cents worth.  While I agree
that a postponement of the conference would give adequate time to assess
the situation and decide if the venue should be moved, etc. etc., I'd like
to remind all those who teach at western institutions that many of us who
teach in the east have  classes in July and may not be able to attend.  In
the Philippines, where I teach, the end of October is our semester
break--July is smack in the middle of our first semester.
I realize that the timing of the conference is going to be difficult and
inconvenient for at least someone, somewhere.  I will go, no matter when it
is scheduled, though I don't have any idea how I will handle being absent
from my classes if the conference is scheduled for July.  I don't wish to
throw a wrench into the works.  It's just that I think that it's important
to remind everyone to be aware that there is a significant chunk of the
world that doesn't run on the same schedule as schools in the west.
Best Wishes--
Laurie Raymundo
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Sep 29 11:04:25 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA15043 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 29 Sep 1999 11:04:25 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA15289; Wed, 29 Sep 1999 11:09:43 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma015257; Wed, 29 Sep 99 11:09:12 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 29 Sep 1999 11:05:50 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA23793; Wed, 29 Sep 1999 14:49:42 GMT
Received: from gala.univ-perp.fr by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA23840; Wed, 29 Sep 1999 10:49:36 -0400 (EDT)
From: adjeroud@univ-perp.fr
Received: from [194.167.139.29] (gentiane.univ-perp.fr [194.167.139.29])
          by gala.univ-perp.fr (8.8.5/jtpda-5.1) with ESMTP id QAA08569
          for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 29 Sep 1999 16:51:37 +0200 (MET DST)
Date: Wed, 29 Sep 1999 16:51:37 +0200 (MET DST)
Message-Id: <v03102801b4114c8f959d@[194.167.139.29]>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
X-Mailer: Eudora Pro F3.1
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: gametes/larvae of P. verrucosa
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: adjeroud@univ-perp.fr
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 629
Dear coral-listers,
We have just started a research program on the genetic structure and
maintenance of coral populations in French Polynesia. For the genetic part,
we are planning to use microsatellite markers, and to start with
Pocillopora verrucosa.
My lab is located in Perpignan, France. I was planning to collect samples
of gametes and/or larvae of P. verrucosa from October to December in
Moorea, French Polynesia. Unfortunately, due to several reasons, I had to
cancel this field trip, and I will not be able to go there untill next
April-May.
That's why I am contacting you. I am now seeking some samples of gametes
(sperm is better) and/or larvae of Pocillopora verrucosa. May be one of you
has some samples in his collection, or is able to easily collect some.
Samples of up to one year old are OK. They just have to be stored in
alcohol.
Please contact me at: adjeroud@univ-perp.fr
and/or Michel Veuille at: Michel.Veuille@hall.snv.jussieu.fr
for further discussion and information. Of course, we will pay for every
expenses (transport, etc.).
Thank you for your time
Mehdi Adjeroud
------------------------------------------------------
Dr. Mehdi ADJEROUD
Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, URA 1453 CNRS
Laboratoire de Biologie Marine et Malacologie
Universite de Perpignan
66860 Perpignan Cedex FRANCE
Tel : (33) 4 68 66 20 55
Fax : (33) 4 68 50 36 86
Email : adjeroud@univ-perp.fr
------------------------------------------------------
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Sep 29 14:59:18 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA24199 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 29 Sep 1999 14:59:17 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA08003; Wed, 29 Sep 1999 15:07:03 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma007773; Wed, 29 Sep 99 15:06:03 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 29 Sep 1999 14:51:02 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA21795; Wed, 29 Sep 1999 18:42:50 GMT
Received: from imo20.mx.aol.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA24823; Wed, 29 Sep 1999 14:42:44 -0400 (EDT)
From: Amcayokw@aol.com
Received: from Amcayokw@aol.com
	by imo20.mx.aol.com (mail_out_v22.4.) id bKBUa03813 (3701)
	 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 29 Sep 1999 14:44:56 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <8908c38f.2523b827@aol.com>
Date: Wed, 29 Sep 1999 14:44:55 EDT
Subject: reef check
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Mailer: AOL 4.0 for Mac - Post-GM sub 52
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Amcayokw@aol.com
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 630
I am a journalist and subscriber to the coral list. Recently I received a
notice (posted on the list) that Reef Check will be raffling tickets to
support the program. The prize is a 500 acre parcel of land in Maine. The
notice gave a website address (www.helpandwin.com) which is inaccessible. My
question is: Does anyone know when the raffle will be held? Thank you in
advance.
Alyson Matley
Solares Hill Newspaper
Key West, Florida
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Sep 29 19:53:29 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id TAA03870 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 29 Sep 1999 19:53:28 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA29338; Wed, 29 Sep 1999 19:58:47 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma029318; Wed, 29 Sep 99 19:57:56 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 29 Sep 1999 19:54:47 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id XAA26653; Wed, 29 Sep 1999 23:26:25 GMT
Received: from online.tmx.com.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id TAA26973; Wed, 29 Sep 1999 19:26:18 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from 203.31.117.117 (dialup-117.sydney.tmx.com.au [203.31.117.117]) by online.tmx.com.au (8.8.8/8.8.8) with SMTP id JAA28574;  Thu, 30 Sep 1999 09:23:31 +1000 (EST)
Message-Id: <199909292323.JAA28574@online.tmx.com.au>
Date: 30 Sep 99 09:27:16 +1000
From: Jon Dee <jondee@planetark.org>
Subject: From Planet Ark in Sydney
To: International Forest List <forest@mtc.com.my>
X-Mailer: QuickMail Pro 1.5
X-Priority: 3
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-Ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jon Dee <jondee@planetark.org>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 631
Hi there,
Just a short note from Planet Ark in Sydney.
As you may know, we have a website which hosts the daily Reuters
'World Environment News' service (www.planetark.org).
Every day, we e-mailout 'World Environment News' headlines free of
charge to thousands of subscribers.  We also place 15-40 fresh
environment news stories onto our site.
The site also acts as a repository for thousands of Reuters
environmental news stories from the last 18 months - this resource is
fully searchable and is a great environmental research tool.
If you are interested in looking at the site and subscribing to the news
service then that would be great.
If you can help us in promoting this service to other environmentalists,
then we'd really appreciate your help. Maybe you could link to us off a
web page or copy your friends and colleagues in to this e-mail?
If you get the time, please let me know what you think of the site...
I'd like to get your feedback  :O)
With best regards,
Jon Dee
__________________________________________
JON DEE
Founder & Managing Director
Planet Ark Environmental Foundation
__________________________________________
PH ... +61 2 9319 5288
FX ... +61 2 9319 7199
E-MAIL jondee@planetark.org
WEB    www.planetark.org
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Sep 30 21:36:29 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id VAA04845 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 30 Sep 1999 21:36:29 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA17967; Thu, 30 Sep 1999 21:41:48 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma017952; Thu, 30 Sep 99 21:41:31 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 30 Sep 1999 21:38:15 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id BAA34343; Fri, 1 Oct 1999 01:22:06 GMT
Received: from harrier.prod.itd.earthlink.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id VAA34868; Thu, 30 Sep 1999 21:22:00 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from earthlink.net (sdn-ar-002sccolup027.dialsprint.net [206.133.75.139])
	by harrier.prod.itd.earthlink.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id SAA23366
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 30 Sep 1999 18:24:13 -0700 (PDT)
Message-Id: <37F41CF7.87EC78D5@earthlink.net>
Date: Thu, 30 Sep 1999 21:31:20 -0500
From: Kathryn Winiarski <katwini@earthlink.net>
Organization: Health & Science Reporter, The State
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.05 (Macintosh; I; PPC)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: coral-list-digest V1 #92
References: <199909290256.CAA19435@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------4EA015D406ECB68182006F35"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Kathryn Winiarski <katwini@earthlink.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 632
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
--------------4EA015D406ECB68182006F35
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii; x-mac-type="54455854"; x-mac-creator="4D4F5353"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
please remove me from the coral list serve for now.
thanks for having me!
kathryn
--------------4EA015D406ECB68182006F35
Content-Type: text/x-vcard; charset=us-ascii; name="vcard.vcf"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Description: Card for 'Kathryn Winiarski'
Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="vcard.vcf"
begin:          vcard
fn:             'Kathryn Winiarski'
n:              ;'Kathryn Winiarski'
email;internet: katwini@earthlink.net
x-mozilla-cpt:  ;0
x-mozilla-html: FALSE
version:        2.1
end:            vcard
--------------4EA015D406ECB68182006F35--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Oct  1 12:39:18 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA19643 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 1 Oct 1999 12:39:17 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA01131; Fri, 1 Oct 1999 12:44:35 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma001112; Fri, 1 Oct 99 12:44:23 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 1 Oct 1999 12:41:10 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA39967; Fri, 1 Oct 1999 16:27:37 GMT
Received: from imo-d10.mx by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA39819; Fri, 1 Oct 1999 12:27:31 -0400 (EDT)
From: EricHugo@aol.com
Received: from EricHugo@aol.com
	by imo-d10.mx.aol.com (mail_out_v22.4.) id bYNXgYOZu_ (4316)
	 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 1 Oct 1999 12:29:45 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <e4036f1a.25263b78@aol.com>
Date: Fri, 1 Oct 1999 12:29:44 EDT
Subject: Reports from Belize
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Mailer: AOL for Macintosh sub 54
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: EricHugo@aol.com
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 633
I just returned from a week in Belize and thought I would offer a brief
summary of conditions on the barrier reef off Ambergris Caye, Tobacco Caye
and South Water Caye and the atoll reefs of Long Caye and Half Moon Caye.
Bleaching:
Bleaching incidence was very low, even in shallow protected areas. I noticed
several colonies of S. siderea that were pale though not completely bleached
at South Water Caye.  Small colonies of Porites astreoides and Montastrea
annularis were noted in very isolated examples to be partially to completely
bleached at all sites.
Coral disease:
I found only a single case of BBD on a Diploria strigosa on the back reef of
Tobacco Caye...this coral had also been previously upturned, possibly from
Mitch or another storm.  Most disease was noted on the few colonies of A.
cervicornis present at Half Moon Caye. Some appeared to be WBD and others to
be WBD Type II. Necrotic tissue was also observed on some M. annularis
colonies in patchy areas at Long Caye and Half Moon Caye Caye.  Local
necrosis was present on some sea fans, mostly on damaged or upturned colonies
which appeared to be similar to the initial stages of Aspergillosis, but
these may have just been the result of injury.
Impressions:
There appeared to be a great deal of recovery happening from storm damage on
these sites.  Most of the sites I visited along the Ambergris Caye barrier
reef tract appeared to be the most impacted and did not appear to be
recovering as well as other more remote sites.  There was a great deal of
cyanobacteria, Dictyota, Lobophora and Padina present here, and it appeared
to be affecting coral recovery.  However, the reefs did seem to be recovering
rather than declining in general, and there was a substantial amount of
fragment attachment and recovery of both A. palmata and A. cervicornis, as
well as various Agariciids occurring at the southern cayes.  I spent many
hours replacing A. cervicornis fragments from the sandy bottom into fixed
positions with tissue contact to hard substrate to aide attachment. There
were many juvenile coral recruits present and many juvenile fish at all
sites.  Overall, the reefs at South Water and Tobacco Caye seemed to be the
healthiest I saw.
Eric Borneman
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Oct  1 16:45:25 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA01266 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 1 Oct 1999 16:45:25 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA20839; Fri, 1 Oct 1999 16:53:12 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma020770; Fri, 1 Oct 99 16:52:45 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 1 Oct 1999 16:47:02 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA41427; Fri, 1 Oct 1999 20:37:21 GMT
Message-Id: <199910012037.UAA41427@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: "Amanda Norman" <amanda.norman@jcu.edu.au>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Vacancy: Chief Executive Officer CRC Reef Research Centre Townsville, Australia
Date: Fri, 1 Oct 1999 09:26:41 +1000
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Amanda Norman" <amanda.norman@jcu.edu.au>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 634
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chief Executive Officer
Cooperative Research Centre for the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area
TOWNSVILLE
The CRC Reef Research Centre has operated successfully since 1993, and
earlier this year received renewed funding for a further 7 years. The
Centre is strongly supported by both government and the tourism and
fishing industries. An incorporated, not-for-profit company will run the
new Centre.
The Board wishes to appoint a CEO to lead the new company into its next
phase of development: increasing the focus of research onto problems
relevant to the ecologically sustainable development and conservation of
the Great Barrier Reef;  and increasing the non-government revenue with
the goal of being self-supporting within 6 years.
The new CEO will have a track record of excellence in leadership, R&D
management, negotiation and communication skills, and entrepreneurial
ability.  An attractive remuneration package will be negotiated with the
successful applicant.
Information about CRC Reef Research Centre is available on the website
http://www.gbrmpa.gov.au/~crcreef.  A detailed position description and an
information package can be obtained by telephone (+61 7 4781 4976), fax
(+61 7 4781 4099), or email crcreef@jcu.edu.au.
Please forward applications to the Executive Officer, CRC Reef Research
Centre, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld 4811.  Closing date for
applications is 29 October 1999.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Oct  3 23:49:44 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id XAA24428 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 3 Oct 1999 23:49:43 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id XAA16631; Sun, 3 Oct 1999 23:55:05 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma016618; Sun, 3 Oct 99 23:54:56 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sun, 3 Oct 1999 23:51:39 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id DAA57979; Mon, 4 Oct 1999 03:20:29 GMT
Received: from arwen.otago.ac.nz by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id XAA57881; Sun, 3 Oct 1999 23:19:59 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from dialup (dialin073051.otago.ac.nz [139.80.73.51])
	by arwen.otago.ac.nz (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id QAA00540
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 4 Oct 1999 16:22:14 +1300 (NZDT)
Message-Id: <3.0.32.19991004162135.0069a8e0@studentmail.otago.ac.nz>
X-Sender: druda019@studentmail.otago.ac.nz (Unverified)
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0 (32)
Date: Mon, 04 Oct 1999 16:22:18 +1300
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Darrin Drumm <druda019@student.otago.ac.nz>
Subject: 2000 ISRS/CMC fellowship?
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Darrin Drumm <druda019@student.otago.ac.nz>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 635
Dear List members
Could someone please advise whether there is a 2000 competition for the
International Society for Reef Studies (ISRS) and Center for Marine
Conservation (CMC) Graduate Fellowship.  The ISRS website posts the
guidelines from last year but none for this year.  It also states that
changes will be made in the application process for this year.  I would
appreciate any information that could be offered.  Please reply directly to
my e-mail address (druda019@student.otago.ac.nz).
Thanks, Darrin
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Oct  4 10:09:23 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA04113 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 4 Oct 1999 10:09:22 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA09643; Mon, 4 Oct 1999 10:17:13 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma009576; Mon, 4 Oct 99 10:16:31 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 4 Oct 1999 10:13:16 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA60990; Mon, 4 Oct 1999 13:50:31 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id JAA61022; Mon, 4 Oct 1999 09:50:21 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA07556; Mon, 4 Oct 1999 09:55:45 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma007469; Mon, 4 Oct 99 09:54:46 -0400
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA03111 for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 4 Oct 1999 09:46:53 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA07448; Mon, 4 Oct 1999 09:54:43 -0400
Received: from mail.hchb.noaa.gov(140.90.150.15) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma007360; Mon, 4 Oct 99 09:54:14 -0400
Received: from hdq.noaa.gov ([140.90.150.222]) by diablo.hchb.noaa.gov
          (Netscape Messaging Server 3.62)  with ESMTP id 643
          for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 4 Oct 1999 09:40:34 -0400
Message-Id: <37F8AF85.39FA5665@hdq.noaa.gov>
Date: Mon, 04 Oct 1999 09:45:41 -0400
From: "Roger B Griffis" <Roger.B.Griffis@noaa.gov>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en] (Win95; U)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral list <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: [Fwd: Deepsea Coral Symposium]
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Roger B Griffis" <Roger.B.Griffis@hdq.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 636
Thought this might be of interest to CORAL list - apologies for cross
postings.
RG
-------- Original Message --------
Subject: Deepsea Coral Symposium
Date: Fri, 1 Oct 1999 12:03:21 -0300 (ADT)
From: J H Martin Willison <willison@is.dal.ca>
Reply-To: willison@is.dal.ca
To: CMPAN <cmpan@ucdavis.edu>
CC: coral@is.dal.ca
It is widely recognized that the primary (though not exclusive) role for
marine protected areas is the protection of marine biodiversity, in a
comparable manner to the role of protected areas on land.  Protection of
important habitat for specially valued species is a significant
secondary
role.  In this regard, the Symposium outlined below is relevant.
Deepsea
corals are at risk in many marine regions of the world.  While most
coral
reefs are protected in tropical regions, their deepsea relatives are not
protected in most coldwater regions.  These large biogenic structures
create habitat for many other organisms and are removed by mobile
fishing
gears over large areas.  Protection against anthropogenic impacts of all
sorts is needed.  The Symposium will address all aspects of deepsea
coral
science, including: biology, ecology, environmental monitoring and
conservation.  Please forward the following notice to relevant
colleagues.
Martin Willison, Dalhousie University
*********************************************
First International Symposium on Deep Sea Corals:
Science and Conservation of Deep Sea Corals
30 July - 2 August, 2000
Dalhousie University
Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
The purpose of the Symposium is to review, discuss and synthesize all
aspects of deep sea, cold water coral biology, ecology, and
conservation.
The symposium will also address climatic reconstruction using corals and
technologies available to map corals. The Symposium will be convened for
two
and one half days and is open to scientists, managers, ocean users and
all
those with an interest in deep sea corals.
Important Dates
1 February 2000	        Pre-registration form and
			Provisional abstracts
1 June 2000		Final early registration and fees
			Final abstracts
30 July 2000		Final paper
The First International Symposium on Deep Sea Corals is sponsored by
Ecology
Action Centre, Dalhousie University, the Nova Scotia Museum of Natural
History, the Canadian Ocean Habitat Protection Society, the Science and
Management of Protected Areas Association, World Wildlife Fund Canada,
and
the Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Canada.
For more information, please contact the Symposium Secretariat:
Susan Gass
Ecology Action Centre
1568 Argyle Street
Suite 31 Halifax, Nova Scotia
B3J 2B3
Email: coral@is.dal.ca
Telephone: +1-902-429-2202
Fax: + 1-902-422-6410
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Oct  5 10:59:14 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA05334 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 5 Oct 1999 10:59:13 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA22934; Tue, 5 Oct 1999 11:07:07 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma022909; Tue, 5 Oct 99 11:06:34 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 5 Oct 1999 11:03:20 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA69464; Tue, 5 Oct 1999 14:25:18 GMT
Received: from pima.gate.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA69475; Tue, 5 Oct 1999 10:24:59 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from gate.net ([199.227.60.111] (may be forged)) by pima.gate.net (8.8.6/8.6.12) with ESMTP id KAA43588 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 5 Oct 1999 10:13:44 -0400
Message-Id: <37FA0B13.1C97D3F3@gate.net>
Date: Tue, 05 Oct 1999 10:28:35 -0400
From: Steven Miller <smiller@gate.net>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.61 [en] (Win98; I)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral list server <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: ISRS/CMC Fellowship Announcement
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Steven Miller <smiller@gate.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 637
FELLOWSHIP OPPORTUNITY (FIRST ANNOUNCEMENT)
The International Society for Reef Studies (ISRS) and the Center for
Marine Conservation (CMC) Announce the 2000 ISRS/CMC Graduate Fellowship
for Coral Reef Research
Background and Fellowship Goals
Coral reefs are among the most diverse ecosystems on the planet, they
are globally distributed, and they support various aspects of coastal
economies. Yet coral reefs are widely recognized to be in decline and
studies are needed to provide information to manage and understand
processes that cause coral reef change.  Funds are available,
approximately US$10,000, to support one student to work toward a Ph.D.
in the general area of coral reef ecosystem research. The focus of the
Fellowship is to understand and predict coral reef response to
management or disturbance-caused change (human-caused or natural).
Research supported by the Fellowship should emphasize an ecosystem
approach.  For example, projects that focus on factors that control
productivity, nutrient dynamics, carbonate accretion or erosion,
fisheries, or the effects of exploitation of coral reef resources are
examples of suitable topics.  Projects that address such issues within
the context of marine reserves are especially suitable for Fellowship
support.  Projects are not limited to these topics, but research should
increase understanding of reef function that is relevant to management
at local, regional, or global scales.
Who can apply?
The Fellowship is available to students, worldwide, who are already
admitted to a graduate program at an accredited university.  The intent
of the fellowship is to help Ph.D. students develop skills and to
address problems related to relevant applications of coral reef
ecosystem research and management.  The Fellowship can be used to
support salary, travel, fieldwork, or laboratory analyses.  The student
can work entirely at the host university, or can split time between
developed and developing country universities.
Application materials
A four page proposal (maximum), using 12 Font or larger, double spaced,
and in English, is required from prospective fellowship candidates:
proposals that do not meet these criteria may be returned.  The proposal
must include: (1) a short overview that places the proposed research in
context with existing literature and local needs; (2) an objectives
section that states what will be studied, measured, observed, assessed,
or monitored, and anticipated results; (3) a methods section that
includes a description of major tasks, including experimental design and
hypotheses (as appropriate); (4) evidence of host country management
relevance and coordination (e.g. identification of individuals or
programs that will benefit from your results); (5) a detailed budget
that totals less than US$10,000; and (6) literature cited (the budget
and literature cited sections do not count against the three page
limit).  An electronic version (any standard word processing format is
acceptable) and three written copies of the proposal should be
provided.  Electronic submission via email (to: SMiller@gate.net) is
acceptable but written copies must also be received by the deadline (see
below).  The student's major professor is required to submit a CV
(maximum length 3 pages) and a support letter, in English, that details
cost sharing and facility support.  If work will be conducted at a
second university, a support letter is required from the sponsoring
professor.  Applications will be reviewed by a panel with ISRS and CMC
participants.
EVALUATION CRITERIA INCLUDE: scientific merit, feasibility, cost
sharing, host country coordination, and relevancy to the Fellowship
guidelines.
SUBMISSION DEADLINE IS January 31, 2000
Administration of the Fellowship
The International Society for Reef Studies (ISRS) and the Center for
Marine Conservation (CMC) support the Fellowship through professional
and administrative contributions. The mission of the ISRS is to promote
for the benefit of the public, the production and dissemination of
scientific knowledge and understanding concerning coral reefs, both
living and fossil. The CMC is committed to protecting ocean environments
and conserving the global abundance and diversity of marine life.
Through science-based advocacy, research, and public education, CMC
promotes informed citizen participation to reverse the degradation of
our oceans.
Application materials should be submitted to:
ISRS Recording Secretary
UNCW
515 Caribbean Drive
Key Largo, Florida 33037
email:smiller@gate.net
(Award to be made by March 31, 2000)
Please visit the ISRS Homepage http://www.uncwil.edu/isrs for additional
information related to the Society and the Fellowship.
The CMC homepage is located at http://www.cmc-ocean.org.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Oct  5 19:34:11 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id TAA17040 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 5 Oct 1999 19:34:10 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA07235; Tue, 5 Oct 1999 19:39:31 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma007210; Tue, 5 Oct 99 19:39:29 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 5 Oct 1999 19:36:18 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA71899; Tue, 5 Oct 1999 21:56:13 GMT
Received: from kodmail1.state.ak.us by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA70916; Tue, 5 Oct 1999 17:56:00 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from fishgame.state.ak.us ([146.63.247.130])
          by kodmail1.state.ak.us (Netscape Messaging Server 3.6)
           with ESMTP id AAA588D for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>;
          Tue, 5 Oct 1999 13:58:15 -0800
Message-Id: <37FA747A.AFC19F44@fishgame.state.ak.us>
Date: Tue, 05 Oct 1999 13:58:18 -0800
From: Larry Byrne <larry_byrne@fishgame.state.ak.us>
Organization: Alaska Department of Fish and Game
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en]C-CCK-MCD   (WinNT; I)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: (no subject)
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Larry Byrne <larry_byrne@fishgame.state.ak.us>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 638
I work for the Alaska Dept of Fish and Game in Kodiak, AK, in the capacity of
analyzing data collected by observers deployed on crabbing vessels in the Aleutian
Islands and Bering Sea. I am wondering about coral found in the Aleutian Islands on
the Aleutian Shelf, how best to categorize it and quantify it. At present observers
have not been instructed to record any coral in their sampling.  Coral come up on
the outside of pots that are dragged along the bottom as they are retrieved.  Any suggestions would be greatly appreciated. There hasn't been a lot of research on coral in the Aleutians and I am only looking for a place to start understanding what is needed.
Thanks,
Larry Byrne
Biometrician
Alaska Department of Fish and Game
larry_byrne@fishgame.state.ak.us
907-486-1875
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Oct  6 05:10:59 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id FAA22884 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 6 Oct 1999 05:10:58 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id FAA26210; Wed, 6 Oct 1999 05:18:51 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma026192; Wed, 6 Oct 99 05:18:50 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 6 Oct 1999 05:15:31 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id IAA75700; Wed, 6 Oct 1999 08:43:38 GMT
Received: from virgo.uninet.net.id by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id EAA71930; Wed, 6 Oct 1999 04:43:19 -0400 (EDT)
Received: (qmail 31517 invoked by uid 500); 6 Oct 1999 08:46:24 -0000
Received: from roam24-5724906.uninet.net.id (HELO uninet.net.id) (202.145.1.179)
  by virgo.uninet.net.id with SMTP; 6 Oct 1999 08:46:24 -0000
Message-Id: <37FB0CC1.CCAB1DF0@uninet.net.id>
Date: Wed, 06 Oct 1999 15:48:02 +0700
From: Reef-99 <reef99@uninet.net.id>
Organization: Coral reef 99
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.03 [en] (Win95; I)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: "Clovis B. Castro" <cbcastro@pobox.com>, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov,
        b.corts@hccnet.nl
Subject: Re: To Bali or not to Bali....
References: <199909201633.NAA37426@acd.ufrj.br>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Reef-99 <reef99@uninet.net.id>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 639
Dear Colleagues,
To Bali or Not to Bali, I think we all know that Bali 2000 is cancelled.
We have to focused on marine environment, the lessons learned from discussion
on partnership,mobilizing resources and building political will, can send
powerful positive
message to the attention of the Government.
We must not allow the failure to politicized aid that was labeled as
development assistance,or the failed project of the past,to overshadow the
success stories achieved by so many. We must join forces to roll back the tide
of doubt that threatened the world's development enterprise. If we fail,the
worst-hit victems will not be devlopment institutions, the Government or
research centers and dedicated men and women within them. The real victems will
be the natural ecosystems and the weakest in human society-
the poor, the hungry, the unemployed and the marginalized.Even more,the future
generation willnot only be deprived of themarvels of the coral reefs and the
marine
ecosystems that support them, but will inhert polluted waters, unhealthy
air,parched fields and eroded soil.
This is just something to think about.
Save Our Seas Foundation
Ron Scipio
Clovis B. Castro wrote:
> Dear Colleagues,
>
> I believe Dr. Erdmann presented some good points in his comments of the
> next ICRS "problem", although also with a strong emotional bias. By now, I
> received several replies from my initial message. Some went directly to the
> list, others did not. Emotionally speaking, the only two messages pro-Bali
> came from people working in Indonesian institutions.
>
> I agree that "ordinary" political issues should not prevent the selection
> of a country to host an ICRS. Also, the rotation of host countries seems to
> be a good policy. The only point I disagree is the comparison between the
> effects that bad environmental or economic policies have on people with
> direct manslaughter (by the thousands). Things may not be black and white,
> but when a plebiscite is followed by the massacre of those who won it
> (amost 80% of the votes) - this does not configure an ordinary situation.
> In the latter case, I believe there is plenty of reasons to reject a
> country as an ICRS host.
>
> I believe most reef scientists would realize the difference between the
> Indonesian people, its government, and extremists.
>
> However, the most important contribution given by Dr. Erdmann was on the
> time needed for a decision. Dr. Erdmann pointed out two coming events that
> might change a decision of turning down Bali. (arrival of the international
> peace-keeping force, which already happened; and the Indonesian
> presidential election, due next November). I would not be sure what to do
> if it depended on my decision alone. Also, I do not know the deadline for a
> decision on Bali's Symposium. Is this a case where the later is the better?
> What about postponing the symposium for a few months? We could gain much
> needed time for a sound decision.
>
> Best regards,
> Clovis
> -----------------------------------------------------
> Dr. Clovis B. Castro
> Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
> Departamento de Invertebrados
> Quinta da Boa Vista, Sao Cristovao
> 20940-040 - Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
> email: cbcastro@pobox.com
> fone +55-XX-21-5681314 ramal 261
> celular +55-XX-21-99740913
> fax: +55-XX-21-5681314 ramal 213
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Oct  6 07:55:22 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id HAA24729 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 6 Oct 1999 07:55:21 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA01857; Wed, 6 Oct 1999 08:03:13 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma001825; Wed, 6 Oct 99 08:03:06 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 6 Oct 1999 07:59:55 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id LAA76694; Wed, 6 Oct 1999 11:32:47 GMT
Received: from web703.mail.yahoo.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id HAA76546; Wed, 6 Oct 1999 07:32:15 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <19991006113953.4186.rocketmail@web703.mail.yahoo.com>
Received: from [152.163.194.209] by web703.mail.yahoo.com; Wed, 06 Oct 1999 04:39:53 PDT
Date: Wed, 6 Oct 1999 04:39:53 -0700 (PDT)
From: elaine vytopil <evytopil@yahoo.com>
Subject: marine slide library
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: elaine vytopil <evytopil@yahoo.com>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from Quoted-Printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id HAA24729
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 640
Dear Corallisters,
I have recently starting working for Image Quest, a
natural history photographic company in the UK, and I
thought I would let you know about their new slide
library since much of the subject matter pertains to
the topics that are discussed on this coral list and
the images really are quite magnificent.
This collection of images is based on thirty years
work by Peter Parks, and more recently by some of his
younger associates, and strongly reflects his
fascination with the smallest and arguably the most
important critters of our oceans. Peter has won two
technical Oscars for his work in the past and
continues to push the bounds of photography by
capturing so precisely these plankton on film. The
growing library now also has an impressive and diverse
collection of larger marine life. Most of the images
have been captured over numerous expeditions to field
stations in Bermuda and Lizard Island on the Great
Barrier Reef.
Below is an introduction to the library written by
Peter.  It is worth visiting Image Quest's web site to
have a look at some of these images.
http://members.aol.com/iq3d/
Cheers, Elaine
Pelagica
With thirty years of accrued origination and
experience 'in the can', Image
Quest 3-D is now in a position to launch its 2-D and
3-D stills and film library and support service into
the marketplace. Designed primarily to initiate
informative and entertaining stories in depth, the
library, to be known as Pelagica will generate
articles, displays, books, film sequences and features
based upon its huge wealth of material collected over
all those years and not, until now, exploited.
Pelagica's collection of open ocean pelagic plankton
stills is unique in its breadth of coverage.
Pelagica though is not a passive collection awaiting
requests. It will be an active collection with which
we hope to entertain, educate and intrigue readers.
More than one book, we hope, will come from this
effort. A travelling 3-D, 3,000 square foot exhibit on
plankton has been requested by several venues and we
aim to complete this by Easter 2000. A permanent
exhibit based on the work and inspiration of Sir
Alister Hardy is being discussed here in Oxford and a
Deep Sea exhibit will hopefully materialise from
discussions being held for a venue in Seattle and a
Millennium site here in the UK.
Our strength lies not only with our own origination
and experience, but also with a number of well
respected marine biologists who are part of the team
of individuals who form the core group of Pelagica.
Roger Steene, author and originator of such beautiful
books as 'Coral Seas' and 'Coral Reefs', as well as a
host of specific Reef Guides is our main
co-originator, also with an unexploited 30 year
collection of photographic product which he is pooling
with ours.
Dr. Peter Herring of the Southampton Oceanographic
Centre is one of the UK's most senior and experienced
deep-sea biologists and world authority on
bioluminescence. Peter has accompanied us on many
expeditions and has himself led and partaken in over
50 deep sea cruises from which unique photographic
material has arisen, much of which is unexploited.
Peter joins another marine biological author, Andy
Lewis out of James Cook University Townsville,
Australia,  and together we will generate most of the
stories to be told. Andy is one of the most widely
experienced and respected teachers of marine ecology,
conservation and Reef adaptation. With his Wife
Daniela he leads a company called Tevene'i Marine
which specialises in eco-expeditions, educational
programs and tropical aquaculture consultancy. Also
contributing to stills and filmic origination , when
they get a chance, will be Howard and Michelle Hall,
with whom we have just
worked together on a Nova Imax film directed by Howard
titled 'Island of Sharks'.
Howard and Michelle's reputation in this field is much
too well known for me to add more credits here.
Suffice it to say, they're the best!
Our combined intention is to form a nucleus of
imagery, scientific and anecdotal information and
overall storytelling to promote the greatest and most
under-explored biome on this planet. We hope others
will join and help contribute. The open oceans are
after all this world's most extensive habitat and
contain our most common and alien life form. Those of
us who have been fortunate enough to work in this
field have the chance to make our knowledge common to
all and share with others stories and characters that
no one has even dreamt of. A very few of them some of
us have encountered.
It is our sincere hope that others will make available
some of their work, on
a non-exclusive basis, to broaden the scope of a
subject that is almost limitless and for which there
seems to be an ever-increasing demand for good quality
visual material. We would welcome material on
planktonivores as well as planktonic species
themselves and the adult forms of many of the
juveniles and larval stages that make up a lot of the
plankton community. We would also greatly appreciate
receiving material on, or be told of the existence of,
specialised habitat species and communities, like
those found in caves, semi-saline estuaries, very
saline seas and lakes, ephemeral pools, ice pools etc.
More information on our work and imagery can be found
on our web site at:
http://members.aol.com/iq3d/
Regards,
Peter Parks
Image Quest 3-D
__________________________________________________
Do You Yahoo!?
Bid and sell for free at http://auctions.yahoo.com
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Oct  6 13:13:43 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA09801 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 6 Oct 1999 13:13:42 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA02412; Wed, 6 Oct 1999 13:21:35 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma002389; Wed, 6 Oct 99 13:20:54 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 6 Oct 1999 13:17:38 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA78928; Wed, 6 Oct 1999 16:56:18 GMT
Message-Id: <199910061656.QAA78928@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Tue, 05 Oct 1999 15:17:09 -0400
From: "Roger B Griffis" <Roger.B.Griffis@noaa.gov>
To: coral list <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Update re: US Coral Reef Task Force mting 11/99
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Roger B Griffis" <Roger.B.Griffis@hdq.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 641
Below is updated information for the 3rd meeting of the U.S. Coral Reef
Task Force, Nov 2-3, 1999.
Note the addition of a workshop on marine protected areas and coral reefs
on Monday, Nov.1.  Further information on the Task Force is available at
the web site CORALREEF.GOV.
______________________
October 1, 1999
Dear Colleague:
On behalf of the Co-Chairs of the U.S. Coral Reef Task Force
(U.S.C.R.T.F), I would like to cordially invite you to our next U.S.
Coral Reef Task Force meeting on November 2-3, 1999, in St. Croix, U.S.
Virgin Islands, at the Tamarind Reef Hotel. The U.S.C.R.T.F., established
by President Clinton in E.O. 13089 on Coral Reef Protection, will discuss
several coral reef protection recommendations that have been developed by
the Task Force working groups. Secretary Babbitt and Secretary Daley or
Deputy Secretary Mallett plan to participate, and we look forward to
representation and participation from government and non-governmental
organizations.
Key items for review and potential adoption or endorsement at the meeting
are: a Task Force Action Plan for implementing a range of prospective
actions, a coral reef enforcement protocol, a blueprint to assist marine
protected area managers, a mechanism for Coral Reef Task Force oversight
of E.O. 13089 implementation, and principals and processes for addressing
unsustainable trade in coral reef species.
A draft agenda for the meeting and associated workshops and field trips is
enclosed, along with the appropriate registration forms.  Additional
registration forms can be found on the web at http://coralreef.gov.  To
assist us with our planning, please complete and return these forms by fax
to Jackie Ellis at 202-219-0229 by October 15, 1999.
The Tamarind Reef Hotel is located at 5001 Tamarind Reef, Christiansted,
St. Croix, USVI, telephone 340-773-4445, fax 340-773-3989, reservations
800-619-0014. When making reservations, please indicate that you are with
the Coral Reef Task Force Meeting.  There will be shuttles between the
Buccaneer and Tamarind Reef Hotels throughout the conference, and other
hotel accommodations are also nearby.
Please contact Karen Koltes (202-208-5345) at the Interior Department or
Roger Griffis (202-482-5034) at NOAA if you have questions about the
meeting agenda.  Jackie Ellis (202-208-4177) will help if you have
logistic or administrative questions.
We look forward to seeing you in November!
                                               Sincerely,
                /s/
      William Y. Brown
      Science Advisor to the Secretary
Enclosures
______________________
Updated DRAFT Agenda
for the Coral Reef Task Force Meeting and Associated Activities
October 31st through November 2nd, 1999
St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands
Sunday, October 31st
8:00a.m. - 11:00a.m.  S.C.U.B.A. diving field trip, Salt River National
Historic Park
        Explore the recently dedicated National Park and its range of
marine resources, from mangroves to coral canyons.  Cost:
$55/participant=96Fee will be collected on site in advance of trip
1:00p.m. - 5:00p.m.  Snorkeling field trip, Buck Island Reef National
Monument
     View one of the most extensive barrier reef systems under U.S.
Federal protection and learn about long term coral reef monitoring begun
in 1975.
Monday, November 1st (VI Government Holiday - Bull & Bread Day)
9:00a.m. - 3:00p.m.  Marine Protected Areas Workshop by the Center for
Marine Conservation (Marina Conference Center, Tamarind Reef Hotel)
3:00p.m. - 5:00p.m.   Informal presentations on coral reef issues
    Eight, 20-minute spots available.  If interested, please submit
title and short description of talk to Ashley Simons (fax: (202)
501-7759,  e-mail: Ashley_Simons@ios.doi.gov ) by October 20th, 1999.
7:00p.m. - 9:00p.m.  Reception, hosts TBA
    (Mermaid Restaurant, Buccaneer Hotel)
Tuesday, November 2nd
8:00a.m. - 11:30a.m.  Cultural Tour to learn about the relationship
between cultural history and natural resources in St. Croix, from
pre-history through Danish ownership of St. Croix, VI.
    8:00 a.m.   Bus pick up and departure from hotels
    8:30 a.m.- 9:30 a.m.  Tour of Salt River Bay National Park and
Ecological Preserve
    10:30a.m.- 11:30a.m.  Tour of Christiansted National Historic Site
    11:30a.m.- 12:30p.m.  Free time in Christiansted
    11:30a.m. - 12:30p.m.  Bus available to return to hotel
11:30a.m.-1:00p.m.  Executive Session and Working Lunch for principal
Task Force members (Marina Conference Center, Tamarind Reef Hotel)
    (By Invitation)
1:00p.m. - 5:00p.m.  U.S. Coral Reef Task Force Meeting
    (Marina Conference Center, Tamarind Reef Hotel)
    1:00p.m.  Opening remarks from Co-Chairs, Governors, and Delegate
Donna Christian-Christiansen
    1:30p.m.  Task Force introductions and budget update for FY 2000 and
FY 2001
    1:45p.m. - 4:00p.m. Panel presentation and discussion of integrated
Task Force Action Plan and specific recommendations
    4:00p.m.  Public comment
    5:00p.m.  Adjourn for the day
6:30p.m. - 8:30p.m.  Reception co-hosted by the National Park Foundation
and the U.S.V.I. Government (Buccaneer Hotel)
     Heritage Dancers/ Scratch Band
     Mocko Jumbies Stilt Dancers
8:00p.m.   Dinner at the Brass Parrot Restaurant for principal Task
Force members (By Invitation)
Wednesday, November 3rd
9:00a.m. - noon  U.S. Coral Reef Task Force Meeting
    (Marina Conference Center, Tamarind Reef Hotel)
    9:00a.m. Continue discussion, decide on the draft Task Force Action
Plan and specific recommendations presented Tuesday
    11:30a.m. Co-Chairs summarize actions taken and next steps
    12:00p.m. Conclude meeting
    12:15p.m. Press conference
__________
ATTENDEES REGISTRATION FORM
(Please complete and fax to Jackie Ellis at 202/219-0229 by October
15th)
THIRD MEETING OF U.S. CORAL REEF TASK FORCE
Tamarind Reef Hotel
5001 Tamarind Reef, Christiansted
 St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands
November 2-3, 1999
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
Name:
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
Name Tag Preference:
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
Title:
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
Organization:
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
Address:
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
City/State/Zip:
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
Telephone Number:
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
Fax Number:
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
Email Address:
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
________________________
 FIELD TRIP REGISTRATION FORM
(Please complete and fax to Jackie Ellis at  202-219-0229 by October
15th)
THIRD MEETING OF U.S. CORAL REEF TASK FORCE
Tamarind Reef Hotel
5001 Tamarind Reef, Christiansted
 St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands
November 2-3, 1999
-------------------------------------------------------------------------=
------------------------------------------
Name:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------=
-------------------------------------------
Organization:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------=
-------------------------------------------
Please indicate which field trips you are planning on attending.  Some
of the trips may have limited space available.
 Sunday morning SCUBA trip to Salt River National Historic Park   ____
 (Cost: $55/participant=96Fee will be collected on site in advance of
trip)
 Sunday afternoon Buck Island Reef National Monument    ____
 Tuesday morning cultural tour        ____
--------------CA814ABE5E07C7D24DFBAA74
Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id PAA12425
<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en">
<html>
Below is updated information for the 3rd meeting of the U.S. Coral Reef
Task Force, Nov 2-3, 1999.
<p>Note the addition of a workshop on marine protected areas and coral
reefs on Monday, Nov.1.&nbsp; Further information on the Task Force is
available at the web site CORALREEF.GOV.
<br>______________________
<br>October 1, 1999
<p>Dear Colleague:
<p>On behalf of the Co-Chairs of the U.S. Coral Reef Task Force (U.S.C.R.=
T.F),
I would like to cordially invite you to our next U.S. Coral Reef Task For=
ce
meeting on November 2-3, 1999,&nbsp; in St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands,
at the Tamarind Reef Hotel. The U.S.C.R.T.F., established by President
Clinton in E.O. 13089 on Coral Reef Protection, will discuss several cora=
l
reef protection recommendations that have been developed by the Task Forc=
e
working groups. Secretary Babbitt and Secretary Daley or Deputy Secretary
Mallett plan to participate, and we look forward to representation and
participation from government and non-governmental organizations.
<p>Key items for review and potential adoption or endorsement at the meet=
ing
are: a Task Force Action Plan for implementing a range of prospective act=
ions,
a coral reef enforcement protocol, a blueprint to assist marine protected
area managers, a mechanism for Coral Reef Task Force oversight of E.O.
13089 implementation, and principals and processes for addressing unsusta=
inable
trade in coral reef species.
<p>A draft agenda for the meeting and associated workshops and field trip=
s
is enclosed, along with the appropriate registration forms.&nbsp; Additio=
nal
registration forms can be found on the web at <A HREF=3D"http://coralreef=
.gov">http://coralreef.gov</A>.&nbsp;
To assist us with our planning,&nbsp; please complete and return these
forms by fax to Jackie Ellis at 202-219-0229 by October 15, 1999.
<p>The Tamarind Reef Hotel is located at 5001 Tamarind Reef, Christianste=
d,
St. Croix, USVI, telephone 340-773-4445, fax 340-773-3989, reservations
800-619-0014. When making reservations, please indicate that you are with
the Coral Reef Task Force Meeting.&nbsp; There will be shuttles between
the Buccaneer and Tamarind Reef Hotels throughout the conference, and oth=
er
hotel accommodations are also nearby.
<p>Please contact Karen Koltes (202-208-5345) at the Interior Department
or Roger Griffis (202-482-5034) at NOAA if you have questions about the
meeting agenda.&nbsp; Jackie Ellis (202-208-4177) will help if you have
logistic or administrative questions.
<p>We look forward to seeing you in November!
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbs=
p;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp=
;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
Sincerely,
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbs=
p;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
/s/
<br>&nbsp;
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; William Y. Brown
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Science Advisor to the Secretary
<br>&nbsp;
<br>Enclosures
<br>______________________
<br><b>Updated DRAFT Agenda</b>
<br>for the Coral Reef Task Force Meeting and Associated Activities
<br>October 31st through November 2nd, 1999
<br>St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands
<p>Sunday, October 31st
<p>8:00a.m. - 11:00a.m.&nbsp; S.C.U.B.A. diving field trip, Salt River
National Historic Park
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Explore the recently dedic=
ated
National Park and its range of&nbsp; marine resources, from mangroves to
coral canyons.&nbsp; Cost:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; $55/participant=96Fee
will be collected on site in advance of trip
<p>1:00p.m. - 5:00p.m.&nbsp; Snorkeling field trip, Buck Island Reef Nati=
onal
Monument
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; View one of the most extensive barrier reef
systems under U.S. Federal protection and learn about long term coral ree=
f
monitoring begun in 1975.
<br>&nbsp;
<br>Monday, November 1st (VI Government Holiday - Bull &amp; Bread Day)
<p>9:00a.m. - 3:00p.m.&nbsp; Marine Protected Areas Workshop by the Cente=
r
for Marine Conservation (Marina Conference Center, Tamarind Reef Hotel)
<p>3:00p.m. - 5:00p.m.&nbsp;&nbsp; Informal presentations on coral reef
issues
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Eight, 20-minute spots available.&nbsp; If interes=
ted,
please submit title and short description of talk to Ashley Simons (fax:
(202) 501-7759,&nbsp; e-mail: Ashley_Simons@ios.doi.gov ) by October 20th=
,
1999.
<p>7:00p.m. - 9:00p.m.&nbsp; Reception, hosts TBA
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (Mermaid Restaurant, Buccaneer Hotel)
<br>&nbsp;
<br>Tuesday, November 2nd
<p>8:00a.m. - 11:30a.m.&nbsp; Cultural Tour to learn about the relationsh=
ip
between cultural history and natural resources in St. Croix, from pre-his=
tory
through Danish ownership of St. Croix, VI.
<br>&nbsp;
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 8:00 a.m.&nbsp;&nbsp; Bus pick up and departure
from hotels
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 8:30 a.m.- 9:30 a.m.&nbsp; Tour of Salt River Bay
National Park and Ecological Preserve
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 10:30a.m.- 11:30a.m.&nbsp; Tour of Christiansted
National Historic Site
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 11:30a.m.- 12:30p.m.&nbsp; Free time in Christianst=
ed
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 11:30a.m. - 12:30p.m.&nbsp; Bus available to return
to hotel
<p>11:30a.m.-1:00p.m.&nbsp; Executive Session and Working Lunch for princ=
ipal
Task Force members (Marina Conference Center, Tamarind Reef Hotel)
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (By Invitation)
<p>1:00p.m. - 5:00p.m.&nbsp; U.S. Coral Reef Task Force Meeting
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (Marina Conference Center, Tamarind Reef Hotel)
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1:00p.m.&nbsp; Opening remarks from Co-Chairs, Gove=
rnors,
and Delegate Donna Christian-Christiansen
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1:30p.m.&nbsp; Task Force introductions and budget
update for FY 2000 and FY 2001
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1:45p.m. - 4:00p.m. Panel presentation and discussi=
on
of integrated Task Force Action Plan and specific recommendations
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 4:00p.m.&nbsp; Public comment
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 5:00p.m.&nbsp; Adjourn for the day
<br>&nbsp;
<br>6:30p.m. - 8:30p.m.&nbsp; Reception co-hosted by the National Park
Foundation and the U.S.V.I. Government (Buccaneer Hotel)
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Heritage Dancers/ Scratch Band
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Mocko Jumbies Stilt Dancers
<p>8:00p.m.&nbsp;&nbsp; Dinner at the Brass Parrot Restaurant for princip=
al
Task Force members (By Invitation)
<br>&nbsp;
<br>Wednesday, November 3rd
<p>9:00a.m. - noon&nbsp; U.S. Coral Reef Task Force Meeting
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (Marina Conference Center, Tamarind Reef Hotel)
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 9:00a.m. Continue discussion, decide on the draft
Task Force Action Plan and specific recommendations presented Tuesday
<br>&nbsp;
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 11:30a.m. Co-Chairs summarize actions taken and
next steps
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 12:00p.m. Conclude meeting
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 12:15p.m. Press conference
<br>__________
<br><b>ATTENDEES REGISTRATION FORM</b>
<br><b>(Please complete and fax to Jackie Ellis at 202/219-0229 by Octobe=
r
15th)</b>
<p>THIRD MEETING OF U.S. CORAL REEF TASK FORCE
<p>Tamarind Reef Hotel
<br>5001 Tamarind Reef, Christiansted
<br>&nbsp;St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands
<br>November 2-3, 1999
<p>&nbsp;
<br>=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
<p>Name:
<p>=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
<br>Name Tag Preference:
<p>=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
<br>Title:
<p>=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
<br>Organization:
<p>=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
<br>Address:
<br>&nbsp;
<p>=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
<br>City/State/Zip:
<p>=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
<br>Telephone Number:
<p>=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
<br>Fax Number:
<p>=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
<br>Email Address:
<br>&nbsp;
<p>=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
<br>________________________
<br><b>&nbsp;FIELD TRIP REGISTRATION FORM</b>
<br><b>(Please complete and fax to Jackie Ellis at&nbsp; 202-219-0229 by
October 15th)</b>
<br>&nbsp;
<br>THIRD MEETING OF U.S. CORAL REEF TASK FORCE
<p>Tamarind Reef Hotel
<br>5001 Tamarind Reef, Christiansted
<br>&nbsp;St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands
<br>November 2-3, 1999
<br>&nbsp;
<br>---------------------------------------------------------------------=
----------------------------------------------
<br>Name:
<p>----------------------------------------------------------------------=
----------------------------------------------
<br>Organization:
<br>&nbsp;
<br>---------------------------------------------------------------------=
-----------------------------------------------
<p>Please indicate which field trips you are planning on attending.&nbsp;
Some of the trips may have limited space available.
<br>&nbsp;
<p>&nbsp;Sunday morning SCUBA trip to Salt River National Historic Park&n=
bsp;&nbsp;
____
<br>&nbsp;(Cost: $55/participant=96Fee will be collected on site in advan=
ce
of trip)
<p>&nbsp;Sunday afternoon Buck Island Reef National Monument&nbsp;&nbsp;&=
nbsp;
____
<p>&nbsp;Tuesday morning cultural tour&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp=
;&nbsp;
____
<br>&nbsp;</html>
--------------CA814ABE5E07C7D24DFBAA74--
--------------BEBE80D6134729E2949CB70D
Content-Type: text/x-vcard; charset=us-ascii;
 name="Roger.B.Griffis.vcf"
Content-Description: Card for Roger B Griffis
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename="Roger.B.Griffis.vcf"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
begin:vcard
n:Griffis;Roger
tel;pager:1-800-701-4837
tel;fax:202-501-3024
tel;work:202-482-5034
x-mozilla-html:FALSE
org:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration;U.S. Department of Commerce
version:2.1
email;internet:Roger.B.Griffis@hdq.noaa.gov
title:Office of Policy and Strategic Planning
adr;quoted-printable:;;14th and Constitution Ave NW=0D=0AHCHB Rm 6117;Washington;DC;20230;USA
fn:Roger B. Griffis
end:vcard
--------------BEBE80D6134729E2949CB70D--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Oct  6 15:11:59 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA14008 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 6 Oct 1999 15:11:58 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA13903; Wed, 6 Oct 1999 15:19:51 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma013834; Wed, 6 Oct 99 15:19:23 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 6 Oct 1999 15:14:37 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA79338; Wed, 6 Oct 1999 18:59:54 GMT
Message-Id: <199910061859.SAA79338@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Wed, 06 Oct 1999 14:45:22 -0400 (EDT)
From: Walt Jaap STP <Walt.Jaap@dep.state.fl.us>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: bycatch coral
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Walt Jaap STP <Walt.Jaap@dep.state.fl.us>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 642
The FMP for corals and reefs in the South Atlantic and Gulf requires that
all bycatch coral be returned to sea as soon as possible.  Cases have been
made on violators.  Research on alternative gear that is less destructive
to habitat (corals) is another alternative.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Oct  6 16:24:27 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA16299 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 6 Oct 1999 16:24:26 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA21776; Wed, 6 Oct 1999 16:32:19 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma021701; Wed, 6 Oct 99 16:31:20 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 6 Oct 1999 16:28:11 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA80154; Wed, 6 Oct 1999 20:12:58 GMT
Received: from u3.farm.idt.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA80136; Wed, 6 Oct 1999 16:12:40 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from idt.net (ppp-42.ts-18-bay.nyc.idt.net [169.132.219.138])
	by u3.farm.idt.net (8.9.3/8.9.2) with ESMTP id QAA23418;
	Wed, 6 Oct 1999 16:14:43 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <37FBADC9.2414C507@idt.net>
Date: Wed, 06 Oct 1999 16:15:05 -0400
From: "Dr. Dennis Thoney" <dthoney@idt.net>
Organization: New York Aquarium
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.6 [en] (Win98; I)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Aquatic Interest Group <Aqua-IG@aza.org>,
        Coral list <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>,
        "Coats, Sean" <scoats@flaquarium.org>,
        "Mohan, Pete" <Pete.Mohan@anheuser-busch.com>,
        "Prappas, Jim" <Jim@zoo.pgh.pa.us>, "Pryor, Warren" <Warrenwp@aol.com>,
        MFTAG Delegates <MFTAGEXEC@aza.org>
Subject: [Fwd: [aquariumcouncil] MAC NEWS - 3rd Quarter 1999]
Content-Type: multipart/mixed;
 boundary="------------3A8BF231256398A9D006B2EA"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Dr. Dennis Thoney" <dthoney@idt.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 643
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
--------------3A8BF231256398A9D006B2EA
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
--
Dennis A. Thoney, Ph.D.
General Curator
New York Aquarium
Wildlife Conservation Society
Boardwalk and West 8th St.
Brooklyn, NY 11224
www.wcs.org
--------------3A8BF231256398A9D006B2EA
Content-Type: message/rfc822
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: inline
Received: by u3.farm.idt.net for dthoney
 (with pop daemon (v1.21 1997/08/10) Wed Oct  6 15:51:53 1999)
X-From_: aquariumcouncil-return-1-dthoney=mail.IDT.NET@returns.egroups.com Wed Oct  6 09:56:45 1999
Received: from mail-relay3.idt.net (MAIL-RELAY3.IDT.NET [169.132.8.27])
	by u3.farm.idt.net (8.9.3/8.9.2) with ESMTP id JAA02554
	for <dthoney@idt.net>; Wed, 6 Oct 1999 09:56:45 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from mv.egroups.com (mv.egroups.com [207.138.41.150])
	by mail-relay3.idt.net (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id JAA28563
	for <dthoney@mail.IDT.NET>; Wed, 6 Oct 1999 09:56:36 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from [10.1.2.120] by mv.egroups.com with NNFMP; 06 Oct 1999 14:56:33 -0000
Mailing-List: contact aquariumcouncil-owner@egroups.com
X-Mailing-List: aquariumcouncil@egroups.com
X-URL: http://www.egroups.com/list/aquariumcouncil/
X-eGroups-Approved-By: paul.holthus@aquariumcouncil.org via web
Received: (listserv 1.259); by f2; 06 Oct 1999 14:57:01 -0000
Reply-To: aquariumcouncil@egroups.com
Delivered-To: listsaver-egroups-aquariumcouncil@egroups.com
Received: (qmail 2608 invoked from network); 6 Oct 1999 03:46:43 -0000
Received: from phoenix.pixi.com (206.127.224.68) by qh.egroups.com with SMTP; 6 Oct 1999 03:46:43 -0000
Received: from default (amp07-84-70-98.pixi.com [209.84.70.98]) by phoenix.pixi.com (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id RAA29660 for <aquariumcouncil@egroups.com>; Tue, 5 Oct 1999 17:46:38 -1000 (HST)
Message-Id: <199910060346.RAA29660@phoenix.pixi.com>
X-Sender: pholthus@mail.pixi.com
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 4.0.1
Date: Tue, 05 Oct 1999 17:49:39 -1000
To: aquariumcouncil@egroups.com
From: Paul Holthus <paul.holthus@aquariumcouncil.org>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Subject: [aquariumcouncil] MAC NEWS - 3rd Quarter 1999
Content-Type: multipart/alternative; types="text/plain,text/html";
   boundary="=====================_1445851==_.ALT"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000
--=====================_1445851==_.ALT
Content-Type: text/plain;
    charset="us-ascii"
MARINE AQUARIUM COUNCIL
Certifying Quality and Sustainability in the Marine Ornamentals Industry
MAC NEWS - 3rd Quarter 1999
Welcome
In this third issue of MAC News we are pleased to introduce you to the MAC
Board of Directors and report on the outcomes of the MAC Strategic Planing
Workshop, especially the MAC Mission and proposed timeline for certification
development. We hope to see many of you at the MAC certification workshops at
Marine Ornamentals '99 in Hawaii.
MAC Mission Set by Strategic Planning Workshop
The MAC Board and several other key stakeholders met for 3 days in
September to
hammer out the following MAC mission statement and a strategic plan for
certification development.
The Mission of the Marine Aquarium Council is to conserve coral reefs by
creating standards and educating and certifying those engaged in the
collection
and care of ornamental marinelife from reef to aquarium.
The Marine Aquarium Council  - MAC - is implementing its Mission by:
- Establishing independent certification process for those in the industry
that
meet best practice standards.
- Raising public awareness of the role of the marine aquarium industry and
hobby
in conserving coral reefs.
- Assembling and disseminating accurate data relevant to the collection and
care
of ornamental marinelife.
- Promoting the sustainable use of coral reefs though the responsible
collection
of ornamental marinelife.
- Ensuring the health and quality of marinelife during transport.
- Encouraging responsible husbandry by the industry and hobby through
education
and training.
Certification Timetable Proposed
The Strategic Planing Workshop proposed an ambitious timeline for
certification. Working groups are now being established to finalize the
standards for best practices. A full, working version of the certification
system is to be tested by key partners in the collection and trade and made
available to the marine ornamentals industry as a whole by mid-2000.
Following this point, there will be a period of about 6 months for MAC to
undertake all reasonable efforts to make information and training on
certification available to operators in all parts of the chain of custody. In
parallel, we will step up our awareness raising with hobbyists and public
aquariums. During this period, industry operators - from collection to
retail -
will be encouraged to become audited for initial certification so that they
will be ready and able to supply certified aquarium organisms when
certification "goes public".
MAC Outreach and Networking
Over 600 people and organizations from 40 countries are now part of the MAC
Network and are regularly receiving the MAC News via the e-mail list - with
new
"subscriptions" coming in at an ever increasing rate.
MAC is increasingly recognized as the global voice for sustainability in the
marine ornamentals industry and we are being asked to inform important groups
about certification. In addition to making a plenary presentation to 1999
MACNA
(Marine Aquarium Conference of North America), I convened informal MAC
forum on
certification and labeling for the hobby and industry during two half-day
sessions at MACNA. The forum was very well attended, with lively discussion
among wholesalers, retailers, and hobbyists on the roles and responsibilities
of industry and hobbyists and how certification will work. In the past 3
months
we also made presentations and undertook networking at the Annual
Conference of
the American Zoo and Aquarium Association, at the International Hawaii Air
Cargo Symposium and with most of the major aquarium fish importers in
California.
Meet the MAC Board of Directors
The MAC Board is representative of the wide range of stakeholders concerned
with
the future of the marine ornamentals trade and the habitat and organisms it is
based on. The Board provides leadership, commitment and direction to
certification development and is designed to ensure that there is a
predominance of environment and public interest members. We are seeking to
expand the Board to include broader geographic participation from those
representing collector and environmental concerns, especially in developing
countries.
The current MAC Board members and their affiliations are:
- Bruce Bunting, World Wildlife Fund
- Keith Davenport, Ornamental Aquatic Trade Association
- John Dawes, Ornamental Fish International
- Dennis Gallagher, Marine Aquarium Societies of North America
- Nancy MacKinnon, The Nature Conservancy
- Marshall Meyers, Pet Industry Joint Advisory Council
- Vaughan Pratt, International Marinelife Alliance-Philippines
- Phil Shane, Quality Marine Inc
- Dennis Thoney, American Zoos and Aquariums Association
- Lolita Ty, Philippine Tropical Fish Exporters Association
- Tom White, American Marinelife Dealers Association
MAC Certification Workshops at Marine Ornamentals '99
MO '99 (Hawaii, 17-20 Nov 1999) has rapidly shaped up to be a significant
industry and hobby event. For conference information:
www.soest.hawaii.edu/SEAGRANT/marine_ornamentals99/
The impressive list of keynote speakers includes many MAC Board and Network
members. Of particular importance is the opportunity for you to provide your
input to certification development at MO '99 through the MAC-organized
panel/round table sessions on
- Certifying Water Quality and Husbandry: What are Best Practice Standards?
- Certifying Cultured Organisms: What are the Best Practice Standards?
- Certifying Live Coral and Live Rock Collection: What are the Best Practice
Standards?
- Certifying Fish and Invertebrate Collection: What are the Best Practice
Standards?
- Trade Data and Information: What do we need to know and how do we get it?
For More Information
Contact: Paul Holthus, Executive Director, Marine Aquarium Council
Phone: (+1 808) 923-3254  Fax: (+1 808) 923-6023  E-mail:
paul.holthus@aquariumcouncil.org
If you have received this in error, send a note to info@aquariumcouncil.org
with "Unsubscribe" in the subject line. If you know someone that should be
receiving MAC News, please encourage them to visit the MAC website at
www.aquariumcouncil.org and fill out the simple network form.
Paul Holthus
Executive Director
Marine Aquarium Council
3035 Hibiscus Dr., Honolulu, Hawaii  USA  96815
Phone: (+1 808) 923-3254    Fax: (+1 808) 923-6023
Email: paul.holthus@aquariumcouncil.org
Website: www.aquariumcouncil.org
------------------------------------------------------------------------
eGroups.com home: http://www.egroups.com/group/aquariumcouncil
http://www.egroups.com - Simplifying group communications
--=====================_1445851==_.ALT
Content-Type: text/html;
    charset="us-ascii"
<html>
<font face="Barbedor T Heavy" size=5><u><div align="center">
MARINE AQUARIUM COUNCIL<br>
</font></u><font face="Barbedor T" size=3>Certifying Quality and
Sustainability in the Marine Ornamentals Industry<br>
<br>
</font><font size=6><b>MAC NEWS - 3rd Quarter 1999<br>
<br>
</font><font size=3><u></div>
Welcome<br>
<br>
</b></u>In this third issue of MAC News we are pleased to introduce you
to the MAC Board of Directors and report on the outcomes of the MAC
Strategic Planing Workshop, especially the MAC Mission and proposed
timeline for certification development. We hope to see many of you at the
MAC certification workshops at Marine Ornamentals '99 in Hawaii.<br>
<br>
<b><u>MAC Mission Set by Strategic Planning Workshop<br>
<br>
</b></u>The MAC Board and several other key stakeholders met for 3 days
in September to hammer out the following MAC mission statement and a
strategic plan for certification development.<br>
<br>
<b>The Mission of the Marine Aquarium Council is to conserve coral reefs
by creating standards and educating and certifying those engaged in the
collection and care of ornamental marinelife from reef to aquarium.<br>
<br>
</b>The Marine Aquarium Council&nbsp; - <b>MAC - is implementing its
Mission by:<br>
</b>- <b>Establishing independent certification</b> process for those in
the industry that meet best practice standards.<br>
- <b>Raising public awareness</b> of the role of the marine aquarium
industry and hobby in conserving coral reefs.<br>
- <b>Assembling and disseminating accurate data</b> relevant to the
collection and care of ornamental marinelife.<br>
- <b>Promoting the sustainable use of coral reefs</b> though the
responsible collection of ornamental marinelife.<br>
- <b>Ensuring the health and quality of marinelife</b> during
transport.<br>
- <b>Encouraging responsible husbandry</b> by the industry and hobby
through education and training.<br>
<br>
<b><u>Certification Timetable Proposed<br>
<br>
</b></u>The Strategic Planing Workshop proposed an ambitious timeline for
certification. Working groups are now being established to finalize the
standards for best practices. <b>A full, working version of the
certification system is to be tested by key partners in the collection
and trade and made available to the marine ornamentals industry as a
whole by mid-2000. </b> <br>
<br>
Following this point, there will be a period of about 6 months for MAC to
undertake all reasonable efforts to make information and training on
certification available to operators in all parts of the chain of
custody. In parallel, we will step up our awareness raising with
hobbyists and public aquariums. During this period, industry operators -
from collection to retail - will be encouraged to become audited for
initial certification so that they will be ready and able to supply
certified aquarium organisms when certification &quot;goes
public&quot;.<br>
<br>
<b><u>MAC Outreach and Networking<br>
<br>
</b></u>Over <b>600 people and organizations from 40 countries are now
part of the MAC Network </b>and are regularly receiving the MAC News via
the e-mail list - with new &quot;subscriptions&quot; coming in at an ever
increasing rate. <br>
<br>
MAC is increasingly<b> recognized as the global voice for sustainability
in the marine ornamentals industry</b> and we are being asked to inform
important groups about certification. In addition to making a <b>plenary
presentation to</b> <b>1999 MACNA</b> (Marine Aquarium Conference of
North America), I convened informal <b>MAC</b> <b>forum on certification
and labeling for the hobby and industry </b>during two half-day sessions
at MACNA. The forum was very well attended, with lively discussion among
wholesalers, retailers, and hobbyists on the roles and responsibilities
of industry and hobbyists and how certification will work. In the past 3
months we also made presentations and undertook networking at the Annual
Conference of the American Zoo and Aquarium Association, at the
International Hawaii Air Cargo Symposium and with most of the major
aquarium fish importers in California.<br>
<br>
<b><u>Meet the MAC Board of Directors<br>
<br>
</b></u>The <b>MAC Board is representative of the wide range of
stakeholders</b> concerned with the future of the marine ornamentals
trade and the habitat and organisms it is based on. The Board provides
leadership, commitment and direction to certification development and is
designed to ensure that there is a predominance of environment and public
interest members. We are seeking to expand the Board to include broader
geographic participation from those representing collector and
environmental concerns, especially in developing countries.<br>
<br>
The <b>current MAC Board members</b> and their affiliations are:<br>
- Bruce Bunting, World Wildlife Fund<br>
- Keith Davenport, Ornamental Aquatic Trade Association<br>
- John Dawes, Ornamental Fish International<br>
- Dennis Gallagher, Marine Aquarium Societies of North America<br>
- Nancy MacKinnon, The Nature Conservancy <br>
- Marshall Meyers, Pet Industry Joint Advisory Council<br>
- Vaughan Pratt, International Marinelife Alliance-Philippines<br>
- Phil Shane, Quality Marine Inc<br>
- Dennis Thoney, American Zoos and Aquariums Association<br>
- Lolita Ty, Philippine Tropical Fish Exporters Association<br>
- Tom White, American Marinelife Dealers Association<br>
<br>
<b><u>MAC Certification Workshops at Marine Ornamentals '99<br>
<br>
</b></u>MO '99 (Hawaii, 17-20 Nov 1999) has rapidly shaped up to be a
significant industry and hobby event. For conference information:
<a href="http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/SEAGRANT/marine_ornamentals99/" eudora="autourl">www.soest.hawaii.edu/SEAGRANT/marine_ornamentals99/</a>
<br>
<br>
The impressive list of keynote speakers includes many MAC Board and Network members. Of particular importance is <b>the opportunity for you to provide your input to certification development </b>at MO '99 through the MAC-organized panel/round table sessions on<br>
</font><font face="Palatino">- <b>Certifying Water Quality and Husbandry</b>: What are Best Practice Standards?<br>
- <b>Certifying Cultured Organisms</b>: What are the Best Practice Standards?<br>
- <b>Certifying Live Coral and Live Rock Collection</b>: What are the Best Practice Standards?<br>
- <b>Certifying Fish and Invertebrate Collection</b>: What are the Best Practice Standards?<br>
- <b>Trade Data and Information</b>: What do we need to know and how do we get it?<br>
<br>
</font><b><u>For More Information<br>
<br>
</b></u>Contact: Paul Holthus, Executive Director, Marine Aquarium Council<br>
Phone: (+1 808) 923-3254&nbsp; Fax: (+1 808) 923-6023&nbsp; E-mail: paul.holthus@aquariumcouncil.org<br>
<br>
If you have received this in error, send a note to info@aquariumcouncil.org with &quot;Unsubscribe&quot; in the subject line. If you know someone that should be receiving MAC News, please encourage them to visit the MAC website at <a href="http://www.aquariumcouncil.org/" eudora="autourl">www.aquariumcouncil.org</a> and fill out the simple network form.<br>
<br>
<div>Paul Holthus</div>
<div>Executive Director</div>
<div>Marine Aquarium Council</div>
<div>3035 Hibiscus Dr., Honolulu, Hawaii&nbsp; USA&nbsp; 96815</div>
<br>
<div>Phone: (+1 808) 923-3254&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Fax: (+1 808) 923-6023</div>
<div>Email: paul.holthus@aquariumcouncil.org</div>
Website: <a href="http://www.aquariumcouncil.org/" EUDORA=AUTOURL>www.aquariumcouncil.org</a><x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>
<hr><center>
</center>
eGroups.com home: <a href="http://www.egroups.com/group/aquariumcouncil">http://www.egroups.com/group/aquariumcouncil</a><br>
<a href="http://www.egroups.com">www.egroups.com</a> - Simplifying group communications<br>
</body></html>
--=====================_1445851==_.ALT--
--------------3A8BF231256398A9D006B2EA--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Oct  6 18:05:38 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id SAA18408 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 6 Oct 1999 18:05:37 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA29680; Wed, 6 Oct 1999 18:13:32 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma029657; Wed, 6 Oct 99 18:13:16 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 6 Oct 1999 18:09:40 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA80879; Wed, 6 Oct 1999 21:56:03 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA79019; Wed, 6 Oct 1999 17:55:52 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA29145; Wed, 6 Oct 1999 18:01:17 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma029041; Wed, 6 Oct 99 18:00:18 -0400
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA18230 for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 6 Oct 1999 17:52:22 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA29034; Wed, 6 Oct 1999 18:00:17 -0400
Received: from mail.hchb.noaa.gov(140.90.150.15) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028959; Wed, 6 Oct 99 17:59:23 -0400
Received: from hdq.noaa.gov ([140.90.150.222]) by diablo.hchb.noaa.gov
          (Netscape Messaging Server 3.62)  with ESMTP id 399
          for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 6 Oct 1999 17:45:42 -0400
Message-Id: <37FBC43A.FD642DA4@hdq.noaa.gov>
Date: Wed, 06 Oct 1999 17:50:50 -0400
From: "Roger B Griffis" <Roger.B.Griffis@noaa.gov>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en] (Win95; U)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral list <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Update: US Coral Reef Task Force Mting Nov 2-3
Content-Type: multipart/mixed;
 boundary="------------15D9F7C011DA12245539EC25"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Roger B Griffis" <Roger.B.Griffis@hdq.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 644
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
--------------15D9F7C011DA12245539EC25
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Below is the most recent announcement and revised agenda for the 3rd
meeting of the U.S. Coral Reef Task Force, Nov. 2-3, 1999 in St. Croix,
U.S. Virgin Islands.  Please note addition of a science workshop on
"Protected Areas and coral reefs" preceeding the meeting on Nov 1.
Information on meeting registration is included below.  Thank you.
___________
October 1, 1999
Dear Colleague:
On behalf of the Co-Chairs of the U.S. Coral Reef Task Force
(U.S.C.R.T.F), I would like to cordially invite you to our next U.S.
Coral Reef Task Force meeting on November 2-3, 1999,  in St. Croix, U.S.
Virgin Islands, at the Tamarind Reef Hotel. The U.S.C.R.T.F.,
established by President Clinton in E.O. 13089 on Coral Reef Protection,
will discuss several coral reef protection recommendations that have
been developed by the Task Force working groups. Secretary Babbitt and
Secretary Daley or Deputy Secretary Mallett plan to participate, and we
look forward to representation and participation from government and
non-governmental organizations.
Key items for review and potential adoption or endorsement at the
meeting are: a Task Force Action Plan for implementing a range of
prospective actions, a coral reef enforcement protocol, a blueprint to
assist marine protected area managers, a mechanism for Coral Reef Task
Force oversight of E.O. 13089 implementation, and principals and
processes for addressing unsustainable trade in coral reef species.
A draft agenda for the meeting and associated workshops and field trips
is enclosed, along with the appropriate registration forms.  Additional
registration forms can be found on the web at http://coralreef.gov.  To
assist us with our planning,  please complete and return these forms by
fax to Jackie Ellis at 202-219-0229 by October 15, 1999.
The Tamarind Reef Hotel is located at 5001 Tamarind Reef, Christiansted,
St. Croix, USVI, telephone 340-773-4445, fax 340-773-3989, reservations
800-619-0014. When making reservations, please indicate that you are
with the Coral Reef Task Force Meeting.  There will be shuttles between
the Buccaneer and Tamarind Reef Hotels throughout the conference, and
other hotel accommodations are also nearby.
Please contact Karen Koltes (202-208-5345) at the Interior Department or
Roger Griffis (202-482-5034) at NOAA if you have questions about the
meeting agenda.  Jackie Ellis (202-208-4177) will help if you have
logistic or administrative questions.
We look forward to seeing you in November!
                                               Sincerely,
          /s/
William Y. Brown
Science Advisor to the Secretary
Enclosures
_________________
Updated DRAFT Agenda
Coral Reef Task Force Meeting and Associated Activities
October 31st through November 2nd, 1999
St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands
Sunday, October 31st
8:00a.m. - 11:00a.m.  S.C.U.B.A. diving field trip, Salt River National
Historic Park
    Explore the recently dedicated National Park and its range of
marine resources, from mangroves to coral canyons.  Cost:
$55/participantBFee will be collected on site in advance of trip
1:00p.m. - 5:00p.m.  Snorkeling field trip, Buck Island Reef National
Monument
View one of the most extensive barrier reef systems under U.S. Federal
protection and learn about long term coral reef monitoring begun in
1975.
Monday, November 1st (VI Government Holiday - Bull & Bread Day)
9:00a.m. - 3:00p.m.  Marine Protected Areas Workshop by the Center for
Marine Conservation (Marina Conference Center, Tamarind Reef Hotel)
3:00p.m. - 5:00p.m.   Informal presentations on coral reef issues
Eight, 20-minute spots available.  If interested, please submit title
and short description of talk to Ashley Simons (fax: (202) 501-7759,
e-mail: Ashley_Simons@ios.doi.gov ) by October 20th, 1999.
7:00p.m. - 9:00p.m.  Reception, hosts TBA
(Mermaid Restaurant, Buccaneer Hotel)
Tuesday, November 2nd
8:00a.m. - 11:30a.m.  Cultural Tour to learn about the relationship
between cultural history and natural resources in St. Croix, from
pre-history through Danish ownership of St. Croix, VI.
8:00 a.m.   Bus pick up and departure from hotels
8:30 a.m.- 9:30 a.m.  Tour of Salt River Bay National Park and
Ecological Preserve
10:30a.m.- 11:30a.m.  Tour of Christiansted National Historic Site
11:30a.m.- 12:30p.m.  Free time in Christiansted
11:30a.m. - 12:30p.m.  Bus available to return to hotel
 11:30a.m.-1:00p.m.  Executive Session and Working Lunch for principal
Task Force members (Marina Conference Center, Tamarind Reef Hotel)
(By Invitation)
1:00p.m. - 5:00p.m.  U.S. Coral Reef Task Force Meeting
(Marina Conference Center, Tamarind Reef Hotel)
1:00p.m.  Opening remarks from Co-Chairs, Governors, and Delegate Donna
Christian-Christiansen
1:30p.m.  Task Force introductions and budget update for FY 2000 and FY
2001
1:45p.m. - 4:00p.m. Panel presentation and discussion of integrated Task
Force Action Plan and specific recommendations
4:00p.m.  Public comment
5:00p.m.  Adjourn for the day
6:30p.m. - 8:30p.m.  Reception co-hosted by the National Park Foundation
and the U.S.V.I. Government (Buccaneer Hotel)
Heritage Dancers/ Scratch Band
Mocko Jumbies Stilt Dancers
8:00p.m.   Dinner at the Brass Parrot Restaurant for principal Task
Force members (By Invitation)
Wednesday, November 3rd
9:00a.m. - noon  U.S. Coral Reef Task Force Meeting
(Marina Conference Center, Tamarind Reef Hotel)
9:00a.m. Continue discussion, decide on the draft Task Force Action Plan
and specific recommendations presented Tuesday
11:30a.m. Co-Chairs summarize actions taken and next steps
12:00p.m. Conclude meeting
12:15p.m. Press conference
--------------15D9F7C011DA12245539EC25
Content-Type: text/x-vcard; charset=us-ascii;
 name="Roger.B.Griffis.vcf"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Description: Card for Roger B Griffis
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename="Roger.B.Griffis.vcf"
begin:vcard
n:Griffis;Roger
tel;pager:1-800-701-4837
tel;fax:202-501-3024
tel;work:202-482-5034
x-mozilla-html:FALSE
org:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration;U.S. Department of Commerce
version:2.1
email;internet:Roger.B.Griffis@hdq.noaa.gov
title:Office of Policy and Strategic Planning
adr;quoted-printable:;;14th and Constitution Ave NW=0D=0AHCHB Rm 6117;Washington;DC;20230;USA
fn:Roger B. Griffis
end:vcard
--------------15D9F7C011DA12245539EC25--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Oct  7 01:03:20 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id BAA21995 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 7 Oct 1999 01:03:20 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id BAA19294; Thu, 7 Oct 1999 01:08:43 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma019259; Thu, 7 Oct 99 01:07:50 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 7 Oct 1999 01:04:44 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id EAA82333; Thu, 7 Oct 1999 04:51:46 GMT
Received: from virgo.uninet.net.id by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id AAA82700; Thu, 7 Oct 1999 00:51:34 -0400 (EDT)
Received: (qmail 18752 invoked by uid 500); 7 Oct 1999 04:54:39 -0000
Received: from roam17-5724916.uninet.net.id (HELO uninet.net.id) (202.145.1.172)
  by virgo.uninet.net.id with SMTP; 7 Oct 1999 04:54:39 -0000
Message-Id: <37FC27F0.C31A7DAC@uninet.net.id>
Date: Thu, 07 Oct 1999 11:56:17 +0700
From: Reef-99 <reef99@uninet.net.id>
Organization: Coral reef 99
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.03 [en] (Win95; I)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: To Bali or not to Bali ,it is NOT to Bali
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Reef-99 <reef99@uninet.net.id>
Status: RO
X-Status: A
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 645
Dear Colleagues,
To Bali or Not to Bali, I think we all know that Bali 2000 is cancelled.
We have to focused on marine environment, the lessons learned from
discussion
on partnership,mobilizing resources and building political will, can
send
powerful positive -message to the attention of the Government.
We must not allow the failure to politicized aid that was labeled as
development assistance,or the failed project of the past,to overshadow
the
success stories achieved by so many. We must join forces to roll back
the tide
of doubt that threatened the world's development enterprise. If we
fail,the
worst-hit victems will not be devlopment institutions, the Government or
research centers and dedicated men and women within them. The real
victems will
be the natural ecosystems and the weakest in human society-
the poor, the hungry, the unemployed and the marginalized.Even more,the
future
generation willnot only be deprived of themarvels of the coral reefs and
the
marine
ecosystems that support them, but will inhert polluted waters, unhealthy
air,parched fields and eroded soil.
This is just something to think about.
Save Our Seas Foundation
Ron Scipio
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Oct  7 02:05:25 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id CAA22536 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 7 Oct 1999 02:05:24 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id CAA23182; Thu, 7 Oct 1999 02:10:47 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma023110; Thu, 7 Oct 99 02:09:52 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 7 Oct 1999 02:06:45 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id FAA83005; Thu, 7 Oct 1999 05:57:07 GMT
Received: from pearl.aims.gov.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id BAA82849; Thu, 7 Oct 1999 01:56:52 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from coral3.aims.gov.au ([138.7.35.86])
	by pearl.aims.gov.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id PAA17611
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 7 Oct 1999 15:58:58 +1000 (EST)
Message-Id: <3.0.5.32.19991007155819.008bece0@email.aims.gov.au>
X-Sender: tdone@email.aims.gov.au
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0.5 (32)
Date: Thu, 07 Oct 1999 15:58:19 +1000
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Terry Done <tdone@aims.gov.au>
Subject: Statement from ISRS on Bali
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Terry Done <tdone@aims.gov.au>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 646
Dear Coral-list,
Please be advised that ISRS Council and the Indonesian Organising Committee
are still in discussion regarding 9th International Coral Reef Symposium.
Any announcements made to date are premature and speculative.  Please be
assured there will be an announcement at the appropriate time.
Terry Done
President, ISRS
Dr Terry Done
Australian Institute of Marine Science
PMB #3 Mail Centre,
Townsville Qld          4810
Australia
Phone 61 7 47 534 344
Fax   61 7 47 725 852
email: tdone@aims.gov.au
WEBSITE for 9th International Coral Reef Symposium
www.nova.edu/ocean/9icrs
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Oct  7 17:27:56 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA13332 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 7 Oct 1999 17:27:55 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA14881; Thu, 7 Oct 1999 17:35:49 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma014860; Thu, 7 Oct 99 17:35:10 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 7 Oct 1999 17:32:00 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA88717; Thu, 7 Oct 1999 21:15:15 GMT
Message-Id: <199910072115.VAA88717@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: "Department of Fisheries" <dof@candw.lc>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: info  on use  of reef balls
Date: Thu, 7 Oct 1999 15:28:49 -0400
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Department of Fisheries" <dof@candw.lc>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 647
The Department of Fisheries in Saint Lucia is trying to getr feedback from
persons/agencies who have had direct experience using reefballs for
artificail reef creation.  Any info re depth, substrate, storm
interference ect.  Please email me at dof@candw.lc.
Thanks.
Sarah George, Senior Fisheries Biologist
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Oct  7 17:27:56 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA13332 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 7 Oct 1999 17:27:55 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA14881; Thu, 7 Oct 1999 17:35:49 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma014860; Thu, 7 Oct 99 17:35:10 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 7 Oct 1999 17:32:00 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA88717; Thu, 7 Oct 1999 21:15:15 GMT
Message-Id: <199910072115.VAA88717@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: "Department of Fisheries" <dof@candw.lc>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: info  on use  of reef balls
Date: Thu, 7 Oct 1999 15:28:49 -0400
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Department of Fisheries" <dof@candw.lc>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 648
The Department of Fisheries in Saint Lucia is trying to getr feedback from
persons/agencies who have had direct experience using reefballs for
artificail reef creation.  Any info re depth, substrate, storm
interference ect.  Please email me at dof@candw.lc.
Thanks.
Sarah George, Senior Fisheries Biologist
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Oct  7 20:53:59 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id UAA15747 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 7 Oct 1999 20:53:59 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA25260; Thu, 7 Oct 1999 21:01:54 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma025182; Thu, 7 Oct 99 21:01:02 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 7 Oct 1999 20:57:47 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id AAA85123; Fri, 8 Oct 1999 00:48:04 GMT
Received: from taro.poi.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id UAA85284; Thu, 7 Oct 1999 20:47:51 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from bob (chris-19.poi.net [209.213.40.139])
	by taro.poi.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id OAA15789
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 7 Oct 1999 14:50:03 -1000 (HST)
	(envelope-from bob@westpacfisheries.net)
Message-Id: <005801bf1127$b46cf720$8b28d5d1@bob>
From: "Bob Endreson" <bob@westpacfisheries.net>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Thu, 7 Oct 1999 14:54:40 -1000
Organization: Western Pacific Fisheries Coalition
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/mixed;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0054_01BF10D3.E1C52200"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2314.1300
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Bob Endreson" <bob@westpacfisheries.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 649
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_0054_01BF10D3.E1C52200
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_001_0055_01BF10D3.E1C52200"
------=_NextPart_001_0055_01BF10D3.E1C52200
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Congressional Hearing to Discuss a Ban on Shark Finning
The Committee on Resources, Subcommittee on Fisheries Conservation, =
Wildlife & Oceans has tentatively scheduled a hearing to discuss banning =
the practice of shark finning on October 21, 1999.=20
Time is running out for you to submit your comments on this very =
important issue and we urge you to take the few minutes it entails, to =
simply send an Email to the Committee and support a prohibition on shark =
finning in all US waters and urge the Committee to support any =
legislation that would implement such a ban immediately.
A sample of what your Email might say is:
To the Subcommittee on Fisheries Conservation, Wildlife & Oceans,
We wish to support a total and immediate ban of shark finning in all US =
waters as it is clearly a waste of our natural resources.
That's all you have to do. Just click on this link........ =
fishery.subcommittee@mail.house.gov   and submit a one or two sentence =
statement or more if you like. It only takes seconds, but it will go a =
long, long way in Washington.
You can also call or fax your comments in as well to:(202) 226-0200 fax =
(202) 225-1542=20
We encourage everyone who hasn't sent in their support to take this =
opportunity to do so now.  We would also appreciate it if you could ask =
members of your organizations or colleagues to support a prohibition of =
shark finning as well.  The actions of the Western Pacific Council is =
clearly not in the best interest of the fishery nor the United States =
who has supported a global ban of shark finning.  Let's give Congress =
our support to take control, amend the Magnuson Act and prohibit =
finning.
Mahalo
------=_NextPart_001_0055_01BF10D3.E1C52200
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D"MSHTML 5.00.2314.1000" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><FONT face=3D"Times New" size=3D5>Congressional Hearing to Discuss a =
Ban on Shark=20
Finning</P></FONT><FONT face=3D"Times New">
<P>The Committee on Resources, Subcommittee on Fisheries Conservation, =
Wildlife=20
&amp; Oceans has tentatively scheduled a hearing to discuss banning the =
practice=20
of shark finning on October 21, 1999. </P>
<P>Time is running out for you to submit your comments on this very =
important=20
issue and we urge you to take the few minutes it entails, to simply send =
an=20
Email to the Committee and support a prohibition on shark finning in all =
US=20
waters and urge the Committee to support any legislation that would =
implement=20
such a ban immediately.</P>
<P>A sample of what your Email might say is:</P><I>
<P>To the Subcommittee on Fisheries Conservation, Wildlife &amp; =
Oceans,</P>
<P>We wish to support a total and immediate ban of shark finning in all =
US=20
waters as it is clearly a waste of our natural resources.</P></I>
<P>That&#8217;s all you have to do. Just click on this link........ <A=20
href=3D"mailto:fishery.subcommittee@mail.house.gov">fishery.subcommittee@=
mail.house.gov</A>&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
and submit a one or two sentence statement or more if you like. It only =
takes=20
seconds, but it will go a long, long way in Washington.</P>
<P>You can also call or fax your comments in as well to:(202) 226-0200 =
fax (202)=20
225-1542 </P>
<P>We encourage everyone who hasn&#8217;t sent in their support to take =
this=20
opportunity to do so now.&nbsp; We would also appreciate it if you could =
ask=20
members of your organizations or colleagues to support a prohibition of =
shark=20
finning as well.&nbsp; The actions of the Western Pacific Council=20
is&nbsp;clearly not in the best interest of the fishery nor the United =
States=20
who has supported a global ban of shark finning.&nbsp; Let's give =
Congress our=20
support to take control, amend the Magnuson Act and prohibit =
finning.</P>
<P>Mahalo</P></FONT></DIV></DIV></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_001_0055_01BF10D3.E1C52200--
------=_NextPart_000_0054_01BF10D3.E1C52200
Content-Type: text/x-vcard;
	name="www.westpacfisheries.net.vcf"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename="www.westpacfisheries.net.vcf"
BEGIN:VCARD
VERSION:2.1
N:;www.westpacfisheries.net
FN:www.westpacfisheries.net
ORG:Bob Endreson..........Western Pacific Fisheries Coalition
TEL;WORK;VOICE:808-254-5900
TEL;WORK;FAX:808-254-5404
URL:http://www.westpacfisheries.net
URL:http://www.westpacfisheries.net
EMAIL;PREF;INTERNET:bob@westpacfisheries.net
EMAIL;INTERNET:bob@westpacfisheries.net
REV:19991008T005440Z
END:VCARD
------=_NextPart_000_0054_01BF10D3.E1C52200--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Oct  8 11:51:17 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA29694 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 8 Oct 1999 11:51:17 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA14198; Fri, 8 Oct 1999 11:59:12 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma014169; Fri, 8 Oct 99 11:58:39 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 8 Oct 1999 11:55:33 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA94130; Fri, 8 Oct 1999 15:41:33 GMT
Received: from wcs.winmarconsulting.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA94277; Fri, 8 Oct 1999 11:41:17 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by 163.61.winmar.hypercon.com with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
	id <4HQ35AC8>; Fri, 8 Oct 1999 10:37:52 -0500
Message-Id: <9187DAFC4EB1D21196B50008C733ED9108FE4C@163.61.winmar.hypercon.com>
From: James Wiseman <james@winmarconsulting.com>
To: "Coral-List (E-mail)" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Ban on some coral imports to the EU?
Date: Fri, 8 Oct 1999 10:37:51 -0500
MIME-Version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: James Wiseman <james@winmarconsulting.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 650
I have recently heard a rumor (unconfirmed) that some corals are no longer
to be imported to the EU, as per a directive from the Sept. 16 1999 meeting
in Brussels.  This list includes (but is not limited to):
Catalaphyllia jardinei
Trachyphyllia geoffroyi
Plerogyra spp. (+ Physogyra spp.)
Euphyllia divisa, E. glabrescens
Cynarima lacrymalis
Blastomussa spp.
I am writing to ask the coral-list subscribers from the EU if they can
confirm the veracity of this information.
Cheers
James Wiseman
Project Engineer
Winmar Consulting Services
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Oct 10 13:37:16 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA26917 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 10 Oct 1999 13:37:16 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA02959; Sun, 10 Oct 1999 13:45:15 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma002939; Sun, 10 Oct 99 13:44:19 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sun, 10 Oct 1999 13:41:10 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA01414; Sun, 10 Oct 1999 17:10:48 GMT
Received: from smtp11.bellglobal.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA93641; Sun, 10 Oct 1999 13:10:31 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from howzit.sympatico.ca (HSE-TOR-ppp28467.sympatico.ca [209.226.93.170])
	by smtp11.bellglobal.com (8.8.5/8.8.5) with SMTP id NAA19819
	for <coral-list@reef.aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 10 Oct 1999 13:12:56 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <4.1.19991010125906.00b35720@pop.vex.net>
X-Sender: howzit@pop.vex.net
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 4.1
Date: Sun, 10 Oct 1999 13:09:05 -0400
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Ursula Keuper-Bennett <howzit@turtles.org>
Subject: Coral "archeology"
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Ursula Keuper-Bennett <howzit@turtles.org>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 651
Dear Coral Researchers,
In a terrestrial environment it's possible to dig down through various soil
layers and detect disturbances, either natural or human-made.  A good example
would be finding a midden in an Indian archeological site.
What I'm wondering is this.  Let's say a ship ran aground and took out half a
section of reef --just pummelled and crushed the corals to smithereens.  And
then nothing else happened to this site.  New corals grew and prospered.
Could a coral researcher three hundred years from now digging down through that
reef, peeling back the coral years, would he be able to detect evidence of that
earlier ship grounding/destruction?
My gut feelings is yes, he should be able to.  I'm just not sure.
Thanks
-------------------------------------------------
              ^               Ursula Keuper-Bennett
             0 0              mailto: howzit@turtles.org
    /V^\             /^V\
  /V     Turtle Trax     V\    http://www.turtles.org
 /                         \
"One is always a long way from solving a problem
until one actually has the answer."
          \       /     --Stephen Hawking
          /  \ /  \
         /__| V |__\
        malama na honu
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Oct 11 03:29:39 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id DAA02182 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 11 Oct 1999 03:29:39 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id DAA23079; Mon, 11 Oct 1999 03:37:38 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma023065; Mon, 11 Oct 99 03:37:29 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 11 Oct 1999 03:34:07 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id HAA14135; Mon, 11 Oct 1999 07:07:45 GMT
Received: from .netaddress.usa.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id DAA13740; Mon, 11 Oct 1999 03:07:28 -0400 (EDT)
Received: (qmail 26459 invoked by uid 60001); 11 Oct 1999 07:09:45 -0000
Message-Id: <19991011070945.26458.qmail@.netaddress.usa.net>
Received: from 204.68.24.74 by nw174 for [194.79.150.63] via web-mailer(MaintM3.3.0.77) on Mon Oct 11 07:09:45 GMT 1999
Date: 11 Oct 99 09:09:45 WET DDST
From: Aiptasia joe <aiptasia@usa.net>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Postdoc coral ecophysiology
X-Mailer: USANET web-mailer (MaintM3.3.0.77)
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Aiptasia joe <aiptasia@usa.net>
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id DAA02182
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 652
The Scientific Center of Monaco (Observatoire Ocanologique Europen) invites
applications for a one year post-doctoral position in coral ecophysiology. The
research will be carried out within the team of ecophysiology leaded by
Christine Pags and should focus on the effects of an increased pCO2 on coral
and zooxanthellae physiology. The candidate should have a significant
practical experience in the seawater dissolved inorganic carbon chemistry.
Knowledge of coral biology would be appreciated.
A current CV should be sent by way of application to
	Prof. Jean Jaubert, Director
	or Dr. Christine Pags
	Observatoire Ocanologique Europen
	c/o Muse Ocanographique
	Av. Saint-Martin
	MC 98000 Monaco (Principality)
	tel: 377-92-16-79-83
	fax: 377-92-16-79-81
	email: csm.ooe@monaco.net
from whom further information can be obtained.
____________________________________________________________________
Get free email and a permanent address at http://www.netaddress.com/?N=1
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Oct 11 03:29:40 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id DAA02190 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 11 Oct 1999 03:29:40 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id DAA23081; Mon, 11 Oct 1999 03:37:38 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma023066; Mon, 11 Oct 99 03:37:29 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 11 Oct 1999 03:34:07 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id HAA14943; Mon, 11 Oct 1999 07:10:21 GMT
Received: from mail.nnm.nl by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id DAA09404; Mon, 11 Oct 1999 03:10:05 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by mail.nnm.nl with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
	id <4QP4A9B7>; Mon, 11 Oct 1999 09:12:18 +0200
Message-Id: <FABA3EA6D06CD11185550000F877DA7997F5AE@mail.nnm.nl>
From: "Hoeksema, B.W." <Hoeksema@naturalis.nnm.nl>
To: "'James Wiseman'" <james@winmarconsulting.com>,
        "Coral-List (E-mail)" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: RE: Ban on some coral imports to the EU?
Date: Mon, 11 Oct 1999 09:12:18 +0200
MIME-Version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
Content-Type: text/plain
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Hoeksema, B.W." <Hoeksema@naturalis.nnm.nl>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 653
Reply:
Earlier, I received a message from a CITES Netherlands representative.
Since Sept. 16, the ban became effective with regard to corals from
Indonesia.
Best regards
Dr. Bert W. Hoeksema
Co-ordinator Sea Research (Fauna Malesiana Marina)
National Museum of Natural History Naturalis
P.O. Box 9517
2300 RA  Leiden
The Netherlands
Tel.: +31.71.5687631
Fax: +31.71.5687666
E-mail: Hoeksema@Naturalis.NNM.nl
> -----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
> Van:	James Wiseman [SMTP:james@winmarconsulting.com]
> Verzonden:	vrijdag 8 oktober 1999 17:38
> Aan:	Coral-List (E-mail)
> Onderwerp:	Ban on some coral imports to the EU?
>
> I have recently heard a rumor (unconfirmed) that some corals are no longer
> to be imported to the EU, as per a directive from the Sept. 16 1999
> meeting
> in Brussels.  This list includes (but is not limited to):
>
> Catalaphyllia jardinei
> Trachyphyllia geoffroyi
> Plerogyra spp. (+ Physogyra spp.)
> Euphyllia divisa, E. glabrescens
> Cynarima lacrymalis
> Blastomussa spp.
>
> I am writing to ask the coral-list subscribers from the EU if they can
> confirm the veracity of this information.
>
> Cheers
> James Wiseman
> Project Engineer
> Winmar Consulting Services
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Oct 12 08:24:17 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA22431 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 12 Oct 1999 08:24:16 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA25936; Tue, 12 Oct 1999 08:32:18 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma025894; Tue, 12 Oct 99 08:32:04 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 12 Oct 1999 08:28:55 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA05600; Tue, 12 Oct 1999 12:08:12 GMT
Received: from relay4.hawaii.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id IAA24216; Tue, 12 Oct 1999 08:07:52 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from uhunix1.its.hawaii.edu ([128.171.44.6]) by relay4.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <373945(7)>; Tue, 12 Oct 1999 02:10:04 -1000
Received: from localhost by uhunix1.its.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <135717(8)>; Tue, 12 Oct 1999 02:09:52 -1000
Date: 	Tue, 12 Oct 1999 02:09:50 -1000
From: "J. Charles Delbeek" <delbeek@hawaii.edu>
X-Sender: delbeek@uhunix1
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: More on European coral import restrictions (fwd)
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.10.9910120207380.14247-100000@uhunix1>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "J. Charles Delbeek" <delbeek@hawaii.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 654
For those asking about the proposed ban on coral imports into the EU ...
Charles
---------- Forwarded message ----------
Date: Mon, 11 Oct 1999 23:10:55 -1000
From: Svein A. Fossa <sfossa@online.no>
Subject: More on European coral import restrictions
A brief update on the coral import situation in the European Union:
An extensive search, through personal contacts as well as on the Internet,
has revealed that the new regulations on Scleractinia trade within EU
pertain to the following:
The EU Scientific Review Group has, in meeting 16.09.1999, raised negative
opinions (see explanation below) on the import of the following species
from Indonesia:
Blastomussa merleti
Cynarina lacrymalis
Trachyphyllia geoffroyi
Euphyllia divisa
Euphyllia glabrescens
Plerogyra simplex
In order to explain the importance of SRG opinions, I have copied the
following from http://www.wcmc.org.uk/species/trade/eu/traderef.html :
Opinions of the Scientific Review Group (SRG)
These may exist in cases where the SRG has examined whether or not imports
in particular circumstances would comply with the conservation requirements
of Regulation 338/97. The SRG opinion may change rapidly if new information
about the trade or conservation status of a species in a particular country
of origin becomes available. The opinion of the SRG will normally be
followed by individual Scientific Authorities but is only indicative and
Scientific Authorities of Member States can give a different opinion to
that of the SRG (e.g. if new information becomes available). Where there is
no SRG opinion, the decision about whether or not the conservation
requirements of Regulation 338/97 are met will be taken by the Scientific
Authority of the Member State in question. Should they find that the
conditions are not met, this information will be immediately relayed to the
other Member States and a uniform position adopted by all Member States.
Community import restrictions
When the SRG has given a negative opinion about the acceptability of the
imports of a certain species from a certain country of origin (or in the
case of species suffering high mortality in transport, unlikely to survive
in captivity, or proven to cause ecological threat to native species), the
European Commission will consult with the country of origin concerned and
may subsequently establish a binding import restriction, which will be
published in the Official Journal of the European Communities. Member
States will respect these restrictions until such time as they are lifted.
Current Opinions and Restrictions
The EU Wildlife Trade Reference Database below shows the current SRG
opinions and community import restrictions. It can be used as an INDICATION
about whether or not an import permit might be issued in particular
circumstances.
However it should be clearly understood that firstly all other conditions
(valid export permit, suitable housing conditions for live animals etc.)
for the issue of a permit must be met, and secondly that the conservation
circumstances surrounding species can and do change and this may result in
a different consequence than that implied by the entries in the EU Wildlife
Trade Reference Database tables.
--- end of quote ---
To find an overview of regulations pertaining to individual species of
Scleractinia - search from
http://www.wcmc.org.uk/species/trade/eu/database.htm
Best wishes,
Svein A. Fossa
AKVARIEKONSULENTEN
Bioddgaten 17
NO-4878 Grimstad, Norway
Tel: +47 37 09 18 88
Fax: +47 37 04 30 29
E-mail: sfossa@online.no
The Modern Coral Reef Aquarium Web Site:
http://www.mcra.com/
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Oct 12 13:28:54 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA04081 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 12 Oct 1999 13:28:53 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA02411; Tue, 12 Oct 1999 13:36:53 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma002333; Tue, 12 Oct 99 13:36:30 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 12 Oct 1999 13:33:18 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA26535; Tue, 12 Oct 1999 17:14:50 GMT
Date: Tue, 12 Oct 1999 17:14:50 GMT
Message-Id: <199910121714.RAA26535@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: lizserra@calvin.univalle.edu.co
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: reef fish--larval duration
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: lizserra@calvin.univalle.edu.co
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 655
Hi dear coral listers
I am magister science student at Universidad del Valle, Colombia (south
america). At the moment I'm working in my thesis about larval duration
and age of recruitment of two reef fishes (Fam.: Serranidae and
Grammistidae), with lecture of increment rings in yours otoliths, and I
have some articles about this organisms.
However,  I do not have  yet enough information about that, and I want
to Know if anyone Knows who or what institution can help me, please send
the information at the direction below...for your help  thanks a lot
Liz
Liz A. Serrano, B. Sc.
Magister Science Student
Universidad del Valle
Cali, Colombia
South America
Personal Address
Carrera 55 # 9-04
b/camino real
email: lizserra@calvin.univalle.edu.co, lizadriana@mailcity.com
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Oct 12 13:28:55 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA04089 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 12 Oct 1999 13:28:54 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA02415; Tue, 12 Oct 1999 13:36:53 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma002334; Tue, 12 Oct 99 13:36:30 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 12 Oct 1999 13:33:19 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA26238; Tue, 12 Oct 1999 17:19:08 GMT
Date: Tue, 12 Oct 1999 17:19:08 GMT
Message-Id: <199910121719.RAA26238@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: Maria Beger <mb@coralcay.org>
To: "'coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov'" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Cc: "'fru@eol.com.er'" <fru@eol.com.er>
Subject: Conservation Management of Eritrea's Coastal, Marine and Island
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 656
Biodiversity
Date: Tue, 12 Oct 1999 12:58:37 +0100
Organization: Coral Cay Conservation
Sender: owner-coral-list
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Maria Beger <mb@coralcay.org>
Dear Coral-list,
Please find attached a document seeking to identify suitable personnel,
facilities and resources for the Conservation Management of Eritrea's
Coastal, Marine and Island Biodiversity project.  This is posted on behalf
of Peter Raines, Chief Technical Advisor, UNDP/ Fisheries Depertment
Eritrea.
Please do not respond to this query at this e-mail address, instead reply
to: fru@eol.com.er.
Cheers Maria
Maria Beger
Asia Pacific Project Scientist
Coral Cay Conservation Ltd.
154 Clapham Park Road, London SW4 7DE, UK
Tel. +44 - 171- 498 6248
Fax. +44 - 171 - 498 8447
email: mb@coralcay.org
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
[Coral-list administrator's note:  document was too large
  to be attached.  Please correspond with sender. ]
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Oct 12 19:22:04 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id TAA11687 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 12 Oct 1999 19:22:03 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA00173; Tue, 12 Oct 1999 19:30:04 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma000113; Tue, 12 Oct 99 19:29:04 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 12 Oct 1999 19:25:45 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA28204; Tue, 12 Oct 1999 21:06:04 GMT
Received: from hood.greeninfo.org by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA18276; Tue, 12 Oct 1999 17:05:39 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from lassen ([170.1.26.194])
	by hood.greeninfo.org (8.9.3/8.8.7) with ESMTP id OAA15390
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 12 Oct 1999 14:22:35 -0700
Message-Id: <4.2.0.58.19991012140659.0096acd0@170.1.26.208>
X-Sender: amy@170.1.26.208
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 4.2.0.58
Date: Tue, 12 Oct 1999 14:07:55 -0700
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Amy Karon <amy@greeninfo.org>
Subject: Conservation GIS Funding Opportunity
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"; format=flowed
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Amy Karon <amy@greeninfo.org>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 657
Contact:
Amy Karon, CTSP: 415-979-0343 x306
Charles Convis, ESRI: 909-793-2853  x2488
Forrest Whitt, Hewlett Packard: 208-396-4018
Conservation and environmental non-profit organizations seeking to use
computer mapping technology can apply now for Conservation Technology
Support Program (CTSP) grants of computers, software and
training.  Approximately 50 grant packages are available, using computers
and printers donated by Hewlett Packard Company, and Geographic Information
Systems (GIS) software by Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc.
(ESRI) and Clark Labs.
Interested groups should review the application guidelines at
http://www.ctsp.org.  Applications are due January 7, 2000 and decisions
will be made by mid-April 2000.  To be considered, an organization must be
U.S.-based and have tax exempt status.  International groups with U.S.
sponsors may be eligible and should refer to the CTSP guidelines on the web
site.  All groups, be sure to check the news update link on the CTSP home
page to get the latest information on software additions to the grant packages.
===================================
FULL PRESS RELEASE:
Conservation, sustainable development, and environmental justice non-profit
organizations seeking to use computer mapping technology can apply now for
grants of computer equipment and specialized software.  The Conservation
Technology Support Program (CTSP) announced the release of guidelines for
its 2000 Geographic Information Systems Grants, which will be awarded in
April 2000 to approximately 50 groups.  Applications are due January 7, 2000.
To receive the guidelines and application, interested conservation groups
should visit the CTSP web site at http://www.ctsp.org.  To be considered,
an organization must be U.S.-based and have tax exempt status.  Some
international groups with U.S. sponsors may also be eligible and should
refer to the CTSP guidelines. All groups, be sure to check the news update
link on the CTSP home page to get the latest information on software
additions to the grant packages.
The CTSP program is sponsored by Hewlett Packard Company (HP),
Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc. (ESRI).  HP contributes
computers, printers and other equipment, while ESRI and Clark Labs together
contribute mapping software, data and training.  CTSP is one of the few
technology granting programs in the U.S. to offer extensive training and
support along with equipment and software.  "CTSP has been extremely
effective," said HP's Forrest Whitt, "because it recognizes that
non-profits doing computer mapping need training, support and connection to
a community as much as they need technology tools."
The CTSP is focused on helping groups use Geographic Information Systems
(GIS), a rapidly growing technology that can better show the location of
issues in relation to information about those issues.  For example, using
GIS, a conservation group could identify the habitat of endangered species
and analyze the impact of public land use policies to determine the best
course of balancing conservation and development.  "GIS is an essential
tool for any group working to protect species or places", said Charles
Convis, the head of ESRI's Conservation Program.  "Providing this tool to
non-profits helps level the playing field and leads to better public
decisions."
Established in 1995, CTSP has awarded nearly $6 million in grants to about
260 conservation organizations throughout the United States.  "We're
looking for groups that can make a real difference with GIS," said Larry
Orman, the CTSP coordinator. "It doesn't matter if they're large or small
groups -- they just have to be committed to conservation goals and willing
to use the technology we're offering".
CTSP is managed by a board of directors consisting of representatives from:
The Technology Project (Helena, MT), ESRI (Redlands, CA), GreenInfo Network
(San Francisco, CA), Interrain Pacific (Portland, OR), Pacific Biodiversity
Institute (Winthrop, WA), The Rockefeller Technology Project (New York,
NY), Sierra Biodiversity Institute (North San Juan, CA), and The Wilderness
Society, Northwest Office (Seattle, WA).
CTSP SUCCESS STORIES:
Examples of groups receiving recent CTSP grants include:
Southern Appalachian Forest Coalition -- This alliance of 15 organizations
uses conservation biology to protect wooded lands in the Southern
Appalachians, focusing especially on identifying the last wild areas and
developing protection strategies for them.
People for Puget Sound  With over 2,100 miles of shoreline, the State of
Washington's Puget Sound has remarkable natural resources.  People for
Puget Sound is using GIS to coordinate citizen efforts to protect and
steward shoreline areas.
Northern California/Forest protection cluster -- Four conservation groups
were given multiple CTSP grants to enhance their work to save old-growth
areas of Northwest California (groups included the North Coast
Environmental Center, Institute for Sustainable Forestry, the Environmental
Protection Information Center, and the Salmon River Restoration Trust and
the Trees Foundation).
New York Public Interest Research Group -- NYPIRG has created the Community
Mapping Assistance Project (CMAP), which supports a wide range of groups in
the New York area on projects ranging from analysis of voting patterns to
patterns of lead and other pollution.
Dine' Citizens Against Ruining Our Environment -- Dine' CARE is an advocacy
organization working within the Navajo Nation to provide technical
assistance to local communities that are opposing economic development
projects not planned locally and which have negative impacts on local
communities.
Sitka Conservation Society  The Sitka Conservation Society works to protect
the natural environment of the Tongass Forest and surrounding waters of
Southeast Alaska.  The recipient of two CTSP grants, SCS also serves as a
center of GIS activity in southeast Alaska and has produced maps for
numerous other local and regional organizations
Bastrop County Environmental Council -- Based in Texas, this small,
all-volunteer group has made impressive use of GIS in promoting lifestyle
and policy decisions that foster sustainable regional development and
protect Bastrop County's natural resources.
The Nature Conservancy/Great Lakes Program  Since 1992, the Great Lakes
Program has compiled and analyzed detailed natural heritage data in order
to select and prioritize key sites that, as a whole, can sustain the
biodiversity of the Great Lakes region over the long term.
Peregrine Fund Harpy Project  Focusing on the most powerful eagle in the
world, this international organization is creating local systems to protect
Harpy Eagles in Venezuela and Panama.
END    END    END
***********************************
Amy Karon, Program Manager
GreenInfo Network   201 Mission St, 4th Floor      San Francisco, CA 94105
tel (415) 979-0343 x306   fax (415) 979-0371   email:  amy@greeninfo.org
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Oct 12 21:01:22 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id VAA12809 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 12 Oct 1999 21:01:21 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA03959; Tue, 12 Oct 1999 21:09:22 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma003943; Tue, 12 Oct 99 21:09:09 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 12 Oct 1999 21:05:49 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id WAA26649; Tue, 12 Oct 1999 22:49:32 GMT
Received: from avocet.prod.itd.earthlink.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id SAA28611; Tue, 12 Oct 1999 18:49:17 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from 38.30.51.92 (ip96.miami10.fl.pub-ip.psi.net [38.30.75.96])
	by avocet.prod.itd.earthlink.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id PAA15272
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 12 Oct 1999 15:51:28 -0700 (PDT)
Message-Id: <38037E66.6BDF@earthlink.net>
Date: Tue, 12 Oct 1999 18:31:02 +0000
From: Alexander Stone <reefkeeper@earthlink.net>
Organization: ReefKeeper International
X-Mailer: Mozilla 2.0 (Macintosh; U; 68K)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Coral common name query
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Alexander Stone <reefkeeper@earthlink.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 658
Dear coral listers:
What (if any) common name are you familiar with for (1) h. cucullata,
and (2) s. intercepta?
Please respond directly to g_del_cid@reefkeeper.org
Thanks a lot.
Gilda del Cid
ReefKeeper International
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Oct 13 08:57:43 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA21583 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 13 Oct 1999 08:57:42 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA28514; Wed, 13 Oct 1999 09:05:44 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028492; Wed, 13 Oct 99 09:05:38 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 13 Oct 1999 09:02:27 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id KAA30412; Wed, 13 Oct 1999 10:28:22 GMT
Date: Wed, 13 Oct 1999 10:28:22 GMT
Message-Id: <199910131028.KAA30412@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: Maria Beger <mb@coralcay.org>
To: "'coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov'" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Cc: "'fru@eol.com.er'" <fru@eol.com.er>
Subject: Conservation Management of Eritrea's Coastal, Marine and Island Bi=
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 659
odiversity
Date: Wed, 13 Oct 1999 09:27:23 +0100
Sender: owner-coral-list
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Maria Beger <mb@coralcay.org>
Dear Coral-list,
I have realised that the attachement of the message I posted yesterday was
not sent.  I have attached the document with thhis email now. Sorry for any
inconveniences.  Please do not respond to this query at this e-mail
address, instead reply to : fru@eol.com.er.
Cheers Maria
Ministry of Fisheries/UNDP, Eritrea
Conservation Management of Eritrea's Coastal, Marine and Island
Biodiversity
The ECMI Project is a five-year (US$5m GEF-funded) nationally executed
project to help protect the coastal, marine and island biodiversity of
Eritrea. The project is seeking to identify: consultants to provide in-situ
training and technical advice; NGOs, research and training agencies for
ex-situ training for project personnel; and technical assistance for
reconnaissance aerial surveys.
(i)=09Short-term consultancies (Duty Station: Massawa, Eritrea):
Integrated Coastal Zone Management Trainer/Advisor
Marine Parks Trainer/Advisor
Coastal Marine Ecology Trainer/Advisor
Data Management Trainer/Advisor
(ii)=09Ex-situ short training courses:
Project management study tour (duration: 2 weeks; trainees: 2)
Environmental law for coastal and marine issues, conflict resolution and
mitigation (duration: 4 weeks; trainees: 1)
Public awareness and marketing and production of interpretive materials
(duration: 4 weeks; trainees: 1)
Marine Protected Area personnel training - management attachment (duration:
3 months; trainees: 2)
Study tours (preferably regional) to community-based marine management
locations (duration: 2 weeks; trainees: open)
Communications, library and curatorial training course (duration: 4 weeks;
trainees: 1)
Participatory Rural Appraisal and other socio-economic survey techniques
(duration: 4 weeks; trainees: 1)
GIS design and application and data management (duration: 4 weeks;
trainees: 1)
(Note: The duration of each course is flexible. In some cases,
responsibility for the structure and implementation of these courses are
included in the terms of reference of the relevant project consultants).
(iii)=09Ex-situ higher degrees:
2 x MSc - Coastal Zone Management or related subjects.
1 x MSc - Marine Protected Areas or related subjects.
1 x MSc - Tropical Marine Ecology or related subjects.
2 x MSc - Coastal-Marine Information Management or related subjects.
1 x PhD - Coastal Zone Management or related subjects.
1 x PhD - Marine Protected Areas or related subjects.
1 x PhD - Coastal-Marine Information Management or related subjects.
(iv)=09Reconnaissance aerial surveys:
Reconnaissance aerial survey of the entire coastline and islands of
Eritrea, including marine megafaunal aerial surveys.
A copy of the project documentation (including a summary of the terms of
reference for consultants) is available upon request. Individuals or
organisations wishing to apply or submit tenders for one or more of these
project components should contact:
Peter Raines - Chief Technical Advisor
Email: fru@mof.gov.er
(Please quote ref: ECMI-PSR-99-6)
Maria Beger
Asia Pacific Project Scientist
Coral Cay Conservation Ltd.
154 Clapham Park Road, London SW4 7DE, UK
Tel. +44 - 171- 498 6248
Fax. +44 - 171 - 498 8447
email: mb@coralcay.org
=00=00
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Oct 13 16:53:43 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA07463 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 13 Oct 1999 16:53:42 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA18652; Wed, 13 Oct 1999 17:01:44 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma018621; Wed, 13 Oct 99 17:01:33 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 13 Oct 1999 16:57:23 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA35024; Wed, 13 Oct 1999 18:43:39 GMT
Received: from titan.cc.wwu.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA33291; Wed, 13 Oct 1999 14:43:12 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from cc.wwu.edu (spmc01.spmc.wwu.edu [140.160.35.21])
	by titan.cc.wwu.edu (8.9.1/8.9.1) with ESMTP id LAA05427;
	Wed, 13 Oct 1999 11:44:59 -0700 (PDT)
Message-Id: <3804D323.77D8B08C@cc.wwu.edu>
Date: Wed, 13 Oct 1999 11:44:52 -0700
From: Kathy Van Alstyne <kathyva@cc.wwu.edu>
Organization: Western Washington University
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en] (Win95; U)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Ecology List <ECOLOG-L@umdd.umd.edu>, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov,
        MARBIO List-Server <marbio@mote.org>
Subject: Program for Minority Marine Science Students
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Kathy Van Alstyne <kathyva@cc.wwu.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 660
Western Washington University's Shannon Point Marine Center offers
an all expenses paid (including travel, tuition, room and board) six
month program for minority undergraduates interested in the marine
sciences.  This year, the program will include a trip to the American
Society of Limnology and Oceanography meetings in Copenhagen.
If you know any students who would be interested, please encourage
them to apply.
MINORITIES IN MARINE SCIENCE
UNDERGRADUATE PROGRAM (MIMSUP)
PROGRAM
     The Shannon Point Marine Center (SPMC) invites applications for the
2000 Minorities in Marine Science Undergraduate Program (MIMSUP). This
exciting and innovative program is designed to introduce members of
racial or ethnic groups currently under-represented in science and
engineering (i.e., American Indians, Alaskan Natives, African Americans,
Latino/Hispanics, and Pacific Islanders) to academic and professional
careers in marine science.
     Eight selected students will spend two quarters (January 5 - June
13) at the Shannon Point Marine Center taking introductory and
specialized courses in the marine sciences
(31 quarter credit hours), attending seminars and workshops, exploring
career opportunities, and engaging in supervised research.  They will
also attend a regional or national scientific meeting.  After the
program, students will return to their home institutions to complete
their undergraduate programs.
FACILITIES
 The Shannon Point Marine Center is a facility of Western Washington
University located in Anacortes, Washington.  Facilities on the 87-acre
campus include a 12,000 sq. ft. laboratory equipped for marine research
and teaching and supplied with high-quality running seawater.  A fleet
of six research vessels provides access to the rich and diverse marine
and estuarine habitats of Puget Sound.  Dormitory facilities house up to
24 visitors, with kitchen facilities available for food preparation.
Located on the mainland, SPMC offers access to marine and coastal
environments typical of the Pacific Northwest, as well as the alpine
environments of the Cascade Mountains and the Olympic Peninsula.  The
facility is 90 miles north of Seattle, Washington, and an equal distance
south of Vancouver, B.C.
STUDENT SUPPORT
     Funding from the National Science Foundation provides full
financial support to program participants. This includes coverage of
tuition and fees for two quarters, housing in the SPMC dormitory, one
round trip between the student's residence and SPMC, and a $600
work-study allowance.
HOW TO APPLY
     Applicants must be citizens or permanent residents of the United
States or its possessions, must be in a degree program leading to a
bachelor's degree, and must be members of the qualifying racial/ethnic
groups.  Interested students should submit a brief letter describing
their general background, goals and interests; a recommendation letter
from a faculty member familiar with their academic record; and a current
undergraduate transcript.  Also include a current telephone number and
e-mail address if possible.  Application materials should be directed to
Dr. Brian Bingham, Shannon Point Marine Center, 1900 Shannon Point Road,
Anacortes, WA 98221. Telephone: (360) 293-2188,
E-mail: bingham@cc.wwu.edu.  Applications are considered as they are
received and final selections will be announced by November 15, 1999.
WWU is an affirmative action, equal opportunity institution and
encourages persons with disabilities to apply.  For more information,
visit our website at: http://www.ac.wwu.edu/~bingham/mimsup.html.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Oct 15 10:05:45 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA21852 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 15 Oct 1999 10:05:45 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA16170; Fri, 15 Oct 1999 10:13:49 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma016134; Fri, 15 Oct 99 10:13:12 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 15 Oct 1999 10:10:00 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA46753; Fri, 15 Oct 1999 13:54:04 GMT
Message-Id: <199910151354.NAA46753@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Thu, 14 Oct 1999 16:22:14 EDT
From: CBAggie@aol.com
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Deep Water Corals
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: CBAggie@aol.com
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 661
Coral Listers;
	I am seeking a taxonomic key suitable for identifying deepwater
corals from the Eastern Atlantic.
If you have suggestions, please reply to cbeaver@falcon.tamucc.edu.
Thank you
Carl Beaver
Research Assistant
Center for Coastal Studies
Texas A&M University Corpus Christi
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Oct 14 15:49:52 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA03500 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 14 Oct 1999 15:49:51 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA12554; Thu, 14 Oct 1999 15:55:20 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma012472; Thu, 14 Oct 99 15:54:21 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 14 Oct 1999 15:51:02 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA43300; Thu, 14 Oct 1999 19:31:46 GMT
Received: from zeus.zeus.cofc.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id PAA38905; Thu, 14 Oct 1999 15:31:20 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from elmo2.cofc.edu by zeus.zeus.cofc.edu (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4)
	id PAA16615; Thu, 14 Oct 1999 15:31:02 -0400
Message-Id: <3.0.32.19991014154114.00c7b734@zeus.cofc.edu>
X-Sender: pdustan@zeus.cofc.edu
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0 (32)
Date: Thu, 14 Oct 1999 15:41:18 -0400
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Phillip Dustan <pdustan@zeus.cofc.edu>
Subject: Vieques Island
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/enriched; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Phillip Dustan <pdustan@zeus.cofc.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 662
	I would appreciate hearing from anyone who has firsthand knowledge of the reef ecology of Vieques Island, Puerto Rico.
							Thanks in advance,
								Phil Dustan
----------------------------------------------------------------------
<bigger>		     </bigger> Phillip Dustan <smaller>	 </smaller>
Department of Biology	  and	Science Adivsor  to
College of Charleston		          The Cousteau Society
Charleston SC 29424
pdustan@zeus.cofc.edu
www.cofc.edu/~coral
(843) 953-8086
(843)953-5453 Fax
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Oct 15 13:32:13 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA26968 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 15 Oct 1999 13:32:13 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA03558; Fri, 15 Oct 1999 13:40:17 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma003541; Fri, 15 Oct 99 13:39:57 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 15 Oct 1999 13:35:39 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA01715; Fri, 15 Oct 1999 17:28:22 GMT
Message-Id: <199910151728.RAA01715@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Fri, 15 Oct 1999 10:02:38 -0400
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Gene Shinn <gene@fearless.er.usgs.gov>
Subject: Re: what geologists do
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Gene Shinn <gene@fearless.er.usgs.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 663
Dear Ursula Keuper-Bennett, In answer to your question, The answer is yes.
It is what geologists do. Gene Shinn
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Oct 15 14:56:50 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA28222 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 15 Oct 1999 14:56:49 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA06634; Fri, 15 Oct 1999 15:02:18 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma006598; Fri, 15 Oct 99 15:01:52 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 15 Oct 1999 14:54:01 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA02222; Fri, 15 Oct 1999 18:47:03 GMT
Received: from mail.naseej.com.sa by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA02219; Fri, 15 Oct 1999 14:46:54 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from a1m3t1 (unverified [10.0.4.28]) by mail.naseej.com.sa
 (Vircom SMTPRS 4.0.179) with SMTP id <B0003505636@mail.naseej.com.sa>;
 Fri, 15 Oct 1999 21:48:10 +0300
Message-Id: <005f01bf173d$f4daff20$071bfea9@a1m3t1>
From: "Hany Tatwany" <tatwany@naseej.com.sa>
To: "Coral List" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Cc: "Ecology List" <ECOLOG-L@umdd.umd.edu>,
        "Mangrove Research Discussion List" <mangrove@essun1.murdoch.edu.au>,
        "MARBIO List-Server" <marbio@mote.org>
Subject: Change of date:INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON CORAL BLEACHING
Date: Fri, 15 Oct 1999 21:47:40 +0300
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_005C_01BF1757.1A283720"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.3110.37
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.37
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Hany Tatwany" <tatwany@naseej.com.sa>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 664
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_005C_01BF1757.1A283720
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON CORAL BLEACHING
RIYADH, KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA
6 February to 9 February 2, 000
NOTIFICATION OF CHANGE OF DATE
Thank you for the interest you have shown in the .=20
Please note that due to circumstances beyond the control of the =
organisers the date of the=20
INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON CORAL BLEACHING has been changed and will now =
take place, God willing, from the 6th February through the 9th February =
2000.
The second notice of the workshop, with an adapted programme will be =
e-mailed to you shortly.
Kindly confirm your continued interest to the workshop to any or all of =
the following e-mail addresses:
Dr. Hany Tatwany: tatwany@naseej.com.sa
Dr. Eugene Joubert: jouberte@shabakah.net.sa
Dr. Friedhelm Krupp: PERSGA@computec.com.bh , fareed.krupp@persga.org
Sincerely yours,
Dr. Hany Tatwany, Chair, Organising Committee
------=_NextPart_000_005C_01BF1757.1A283720
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D'"MSHTML 4.72.3110.37"' name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial>
<P align=3Dcenter>INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON CORAL BLEACHING</P>
<P align=3Dcenter>RIYADH, KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA</P>
<P align=3Dcenter>6 February to 9 February 2, 000</P>
<P align=3Dcenter></P>
<P align=3Dcenter>NOTIFICATION OF CHANGE OF DATE</P>
<P align=3Dcenter></P>
<P>Thank you for the interest you have shown in the . </P>
<P>Please note that due to circumstances beyond the control of the =
organisers=20
the date of the </P>
<P>INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON CORAL BLEACHING has been changed and will =
now take=20
place, God willing, from the 6<SUP>th</SUP> February through the =
9<SUP>th</SUP>=20
February 2000.</P>
<P>The second notice of the workshop, with an adapted programme will be =
e-mailed=20
to you shortly.</P>
<P>Kindly confirm your continued interest to the workshop to any or all =
of the=20
following e-mail addresses:</P>
<P>Dr. Hany Tatwany: <U><FONT color=3D#0000ff>t</FONT></U></FONT><A=20
href=3D"mailto:atwany@naseej.com.sa"><FONT=20
face=3DArial>atwany@naseej.com.sa</FONT></A></P><FONT face=3DArial>
<P>Dr. Eugene Joubert: </FONT><A =
href=3D"mailto:jouberte@shabakah.net.sa"><FONT=20
face=3DArial>jouberte@shabakah.net.sa</FONT></A></P><FONT face=3DArial>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2><FONT size=3D3>Dr. Friedhelm =
Krupp</FONT></FONT>:=20
</FONT><A href=3D"mailto:PERSGA@computec.com.bh"><FONT=20
face=3DArial>PERSGA@computec.com.bh</A> , <A=20
href=3D"mailto:fareed.krupp@persga.org">fareed.krupp@persga.org</A></FONT=
></P><FONT=20
face=3DArial>
<P>Sincerely yours,</P>
<P>Dr. Hany Tatwany, Chair, Organising =
Committee</P></FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_000_005C_01BF1757.1A283720--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Oct 16 10:35:48 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA05912 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 16 Oct 1999 10:35:47 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA28031; Sat, 16 Oct 1999 10:43:53 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028016; Sat, 16 Oct 99 10:43:32 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 16 Oct 1999 10:40:14 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA08108; Sat, 16 Oct 1999 14:12:02 GMT
Received: from nwcst313.netaddress.usa.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA08092; Sat, 16 Oct 1999 10:11:52 -0400 (EDT)
Received: (qmail 25049 invoked by uid 60001); 16 Oct 1999 00:47:26 -0000
Message-Id: <19991016004726.25048.qmail@nwcst313.netaddress.usa.net>
Received: from 204.68.23.58 by nwcst313 for [208.136.102.101] via web-mailer(M3.3.1.96) on Sat Oct 16 00:47:26 GMT 1999
Date: 15 Oct 99 13:47:26 BST
From: Jennifer Aicher <jaicher@usa.net>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: live rock harvest
X-Mailer: USANET web-mailer (M3.3.1.96)
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jennifer Aicher <jaicher@usa.net>
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id KAA05912
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 665
Recently live rock has been harvested in American Samoa.  We would like to
know what and where, and how to find work which has been done in regard to the
sustainability of this practice.   Thanks!
Jennifer Aicher
Director
Le Vai Moana Marine Center
American Samoa Community College
Pago Pago AS 96799
____________________________________________________________________
Get free email and a permanent address at http://www.netaddress.com/?N=1
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Oct 18 08:04:17 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA26983 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 18 Oct 1999 08:04:17 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA27931; Mon, 18 Oct 1999 08:09:47 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma027882; Mon, 18 Oct 99 08:09:17 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 18 Oct 1999 08:06:05 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id LAA22678; Mon, 18 Oct 1999 11:39:23 GMT
Date: Mon, 18 Oct 1999 11:39:23 GMT
Message-Id: <199910181139.LAA22678@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: coral-list admin <jch@aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Irene
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: coral-list admin <jch@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 666
Unfortunately, workstation coral.aoml.noaa.gov was down
temporarily due to Hurricane Irene, and some coral-list
messages may not have been posted.  Very sorry for any
inconvenience.
Cheers...
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Oct 18 08:04:18 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA26984 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 18 Oct 1999 08:04:17 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA27934; Mon, 18 Oct 1999 08:09:47 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma027883; Mon, 18 Oct 99 08:09:18 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 18 Oct 1999 08:06:05 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id LAA22830; Mon, 18 Oct 1999 11:46:55 GMT
Message-Id: <199910181146.LAA22830@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Sun, 17 Oct 1999 11:47:45 +0800
From: Gregor Hodgson <gregorh@pacific.net.hk>
To: "coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Reef Check Mailing Address Problems
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Gregor Hodgson <gregorh@pacific.net.hk>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 667
Dear Coral List,
A problem with the post office resulted in some Reef Check mail being
returned to the sender during the period September 1 to October 15. We
have solved the problem and apologise for those who have experienced
difficulties. Please resend any returned mail to the normal address
given below.
Regards,
Greg
Reef Check Mailing Address:
--
Reef Check
GPO Box 12375
Hong Kong, China
Tel: (852) 2802-6937
Fax: (852) 2887-5454
Email: gregorh@pacific.net.hk
Web: www.ReefCheck.org
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Oct 18 08:57:30 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA28183 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 18 Oct 1999 08:57:29 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA02583; Mon, 18 Oct 1999 09:05:36 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma002473; Mon, 18 Oct 99 09:05:02 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 18 Oct 1999 09:01:53 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA23267; Mon, 18 Oct 1999 12:52:55 GMT
Received: from smtp5.mindspring.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id IAA23350; Mon, 18 Oct 1999 08:52:45 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from default (pool-209-138-225-138-troy.grid.net [209.138.225.138])
	by smtp5.mindspring.com (8.8.5/8.8.5) with SMTP id IAA31350
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 18 Oct 1999 08:55:02 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <380B1956.1205@mail.org>
Date: Mon, 18 Oct 1999 08:57:58 -0400
From: Mike Nolan <rainforest@mail.org>
Organization: Rainforest and Reef 501(c)(3) non-profit
X-Mailer: Mozilla 3.03Gold (Win95; I)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: MARINE BIOLOGY and RAINFOREST  WORKSHOPS
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Mike Nolan <rainforest@mail.org>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 668
RAINFOREST and MARINE BIOLOGY WORKSHOPS
After reviewing the brief program descriptions outlined below, please
consider offering these opportunities to Students, Faculty, Staff and
other interested parties....detailed WORKSHOP ITINERARIES and REFERENCES
from past participants are available upon request. Thank you.
Sincerely,
Mike Nolan, Director
******************************************************************
Rainforest and Reef 501 (c)(3) non-profit
29 Prospect NE Suite #8
Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503 USA
Phone/Fax: (616) 776-5928/Toll Free: (877) 967-7467 (Fridays only)
E-mail: rainforest@mail.org
******************************************************************
*Sites: Belize, Costa Rica, Honduras, Panama, Ecuador, Peru, southeast
Alaska and Australia
*WORKSHOPS are field oriented and focus on natural history, rainforest
and marine ecology, conservation, land management, medicinal uses of
native plants, local cultures, archaeology and geology.
*Instruction features local Biologists and naturalist Guides.
*Proceeds go to the WORKSHOP host organization in each country and help
support valuable conservation and education efforts.
*Three Undergraduate or Graduate credits are available for attending
through Aquinas College of Grand Rapids, Michigan (www.aquinas.edu).
Contact Dr. Tim Bennett, Ph.D. at 616-459-8281x5469 or by e-mail at
bennetim@aquinas.edu for registration information and materials.
*Customized programs can be designed for "specialty groups"
				BELIZE*
Length: 14 Days/13 Nights
Cost: $980.00 per person
Host/Workshop Coordinator: Belize Tropical Education Center (TEC)/Tony
Garel, TEC Director/Belize City, Belize
Topics Covered:
Tropical Moist Forest Ecology/Marine Ecology/Mayan Archaeology/Garifuna
and Creole Cultures
*Pre/Post-Workshop extension to Tikal in Guatemala is available
				COSTA RICA*
Length: 12 Days/11 Nights
Cost: $925.00 per person
Host/Workshop Coordinator: Juan Pablo Bello/San Jose, Costa Rica
Topics Covered:
Tropical Rainforest and Dry Forest Ecology/Conservation and Land
Management/Geology/Volcanoes/Costa Rican history
*Pre/Post-Workshop extensions to Corcovado and/or Tortuguero National
Parks are available
				HONDURAS*
Length: 14 Days/13 Nights
Cost: $1050.00 per person
Host/Workshop Coordinator: Suyapa Dominguez, EduEco Director/San Pedro
Sula, Honduras
Topics Covered:
Tropical Rainforest and Marine Ecology/Conservation and Land
Management/Mayan Archaeology/Garifuna Culture/White-Water Rafting
*Pre/Post-Workshop extension to La Mosquitia and the Rio Platano
Biosphere Reserve is available
				PANAMA*
Length: 14 Days/13 Nights
Cost: $1100.00 per person
Host/Workshop Coordinator: Win Rice/Panama City, Panama
Topics Covered:
Tropical Rainforest and Marine Ecology/Conservation and Land
Management/Geology/Volcanoes/Indian Cultures/R.O.P.E. Course/Bird and
Bat Ecology/White-water rafting/History of Panama/Panama Canal
Engineering and Operation
*Pre/Post-Workshop partial and complete Panama Canal transits are
available
				ECUADOR*
Length: 14 Days/13 Nights
Cost: $1100.00 per person
Host/Course Coordinator: Jatun Sacha Foundation/Dr. Michael McColm,
Ph.D./Quito, Ecuador
Topics Covered:
Tropical Rainforest Ecology/Biodiversity/Conservation and Land
Management/Quechua Indian Culture/Volcanoes/Shamanism
*Pre/Post-Workshop extensions to the Galapagos Islands and/or Cuzco and
the Lost City of the Incas-Machu Picchu are available
				PERU A*
Length: 14 Days/13 Nights or 7 Days/6 Nights
Cost: $1345.00 per person-14 Days/13 Nights
       $895.00 per person-7 Days/6 Nights
Host/Workshop Coordinator: Dr. Paul Beaver, Ph.D./Tampa, Florida
Topics Covered:
Tropical Rainforest Ecology/Primate Ecology/Biodiversity/Conservation
and Land Management/Indian Cultures/Shamanism
*Pre/Post-Workshop extensions to Cuzco and the Lost City of the
Incas-Machu Picchu and/or the Galapagos Islands are available
				PERU B*
Length: 14 Days/13
Nights
Cost: $1490.00.00 per person
Host/Workshop Coordinator: Dr. Paul Beaver, Ph.D./Tampa, Florida
Topics Covered:
Tropical Rainforest Ecology/Primate Ecology/Biodiversity/Conservation
and Land Management/Indian Cultures/Shamanism/Inca archaeology at Cuzco
and the Lost City of the Incas-Machu Picchu
*Pre/Post-Workshop extension to the Galapagos Islands is available
			SOUTHEAST ALASKA
Length: 14 Days/13 Nights
Cost: $1050.00 per person
Host/Workshop Coordinators: David Berg/Petersburg, Alaska/Camille
Ferguson/Sitka, Alaska
Topics Covered:
Temperate Rainforest and Marine Ecology/Conservation and Land
Management/Marine Mammal Ecology/Geology/Glaciers/Volcanoes/Indian
Cultures/Russian History/White-water rafting/Raptor rehabilitation
				AUSTRALIA
Length: 15 Days/14
Nights
Cost: Available after October 15
Host/Workshop Coordinators: James Cook University/Dr. David Pearson,
Ph.D./Director, School of Tropical Biology and Dr. John Choat, Ph.D.,
Director, School of Marine Biology/Queensland, Australia
Topics Covered:
Tropical Rainforest and Coral Reef Ecology/Conservation/Biodiversity/
Local Cultures
------------------------------------------------------------------------
		     WORKSHOP REGISTRATION FORM
TO REGISTER, COMPLETE THE FORM BELOW AND SEND IN A $200.00 DEPOSIT
($150.00 IS REFUNDABLE UP TO 60 DAYS PRIOR TO THE BEGINNING OF A
WORKSHOP). CHECKS SHOULD BE MADE PAYABLE TO RAINFOREST AND REEF.
			WORKSHOP DATES 2000*
Please be aware that the Workshops are popular and some fill quickly. It
is recommended that you contact us concerning availability prior to
registration.
BELIZE: 14 D/13 N Jun 14-27_____Jul 5-18_____Jul 12-25_____Aug 2-15_____
COSTA RICA: 12 D/11 N Jun 12-23_____Jul 10-21_____Aug 3-14_____
HONDURAS: 14 D/13 N Jun 12-25_____Jul 10-23_____Aug 1-13_____
PANAMA: 14 D/13 N Jun 17-30_____Jul 15-28_____Jul 29-Aug 11_____
ECUADOR: 14 D/13 N Jun 15-28_____Jul 13-26_____Aug 1-14_____
PERU A*: 14 D/13 N Jul 15-29_____Jul 29-Aug 12_____
*Our Peru A Workshop can be offered to individuals on most Sundays and
for a minimum of 2 participants, any day throughout the year.
PERU B: 13 D/12 N Jun 24-Jul 6_____
SE ALASKA: 14 D/13 N Jun 15-28_____Jul 2-15_____Jul 20-Aug 2_____
AUSTRALIA: 15 D/14 N Jun 14-29_____Jul 12-27_____Aug 1-16_____
			PLEASE PRINT CLEARLY
Name (as it appears on your passport):
Last________________________________________First_______________________
Middle_________________________
Professor/Teacher:_____Student:_____Grade Level:_____
Other (describe):________________________________________
Address:_________________________________City:__________________________
State/Province:___________________
ZIP/Postal Code:____________Country:____________________
School:_____________________________________________
School/Business Phone: (           )____________________________________
                  Fax: (           )____________________________________
           Home Phone: (           )____________________________________
E-mail Address: ________________________________________________________
Dietary Restrictions: __________________________________________________
Important: If your ADDRESS, PHONE NUMBER and/or E-MAIL ADDRESS will
change at some point following registration, please supply this
information and the dates when they will become effective.
*Other Workshop dates throughout the year are available upon request
Rainforest and Reef
29 Prospect NE Suite #8
Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503 USA
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Oct 18 13:29:50 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA07350 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 18 Oct 1999 13:29:50 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA10136; Mon, 18 Oct 1999 13:37:58 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma009846; Mon, 18 Oct 99 13:37:06 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 18 Oct 1999 13:33:55 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA25132; Mon, 18 Oct 1999 17:23:07 GMT
Received: from mailgate1.uea.ac.uk by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA25072; Mon, 18 Oct 1999 13:23:00 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from mailserver2.uea.ac.uk [139.222.130.17]
	by mailgate1.uea.ac.uk with esmtp (Exim 1.73 #1)
	id 11dGX9-0001Yn-00; Mon, 18 Oct 1999 18:25:19 +0100
Received: from [139.222.65.162] (helo=hutchinson.bio.uea.ac.uk)
	by mailserver2.uea.ac.uk with smtp (Exim 3.02 #1)
	id 11dGX9-0002m0-00
	for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Mon, 18 Oct 1999 18:25:19 +0100
Received: by localhost with Microsoft MAPI; Mon, 18 Oct 1999 18:23:20 +0100
Message-Id: <01BF1995.DB1B8AA0.d.j.hutchinson@uea.ac.uk>
From: David Hutchinson <d.j.hutchinson@uea.ac.uk>
To: "'coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov'" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Mon, 18 Oct 1999 18:23:16 +0100
Organization: UEA
X-Mailer: Microsoft Internet E-mail/MAPI - 8.0.0.4211
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: David Hutchinson <d.j.hutchinson@uea.ac.uk>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 669
Would anyone be kind enough to give me a few pointers so as I can begin to find
rates of coral loss to form a global analysis?
Many thanks,
David
----------------------
David Hutchinson
School of Development Studies
University of East Anglia
Norwich  NR4 7TJ
Tel: (01603) 593421
email: d.j.hutchinson@uea.ac.uk
http://www.uea.ac.uk/~d955461
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Oct 19 10:16:22 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA26485 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 19 Oct 1999 10:16:21 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA29252; Tue, 19 Oct 1999 10:24:30 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma029141; Tue, 19 Oct 99 10:23:47 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 19 Oct 1999 10:20:30 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA32132; Tue, 19 Oct 1999 14:09:25 GMT
Received: from seas.marine.usf.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA32208; Tue, 19 Oct 1999 10:09:15 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from fio1 (fio1.marine.usf.edu [131.247.138.150])
	by seas.marine.usf.edu (8.9.1a/8.9.1) with SMTP id KAA00961
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 19 Oct 1999 10:11:34 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <3.0.5.32.19991019101132.0083a130@marine.usf.edu>
X-Sender: jogden@marine.usf.edu
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.5 (32)
Date: Tue, 19 Oct 1999 10:11:32 -0400
To: Coral List <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: "John C. Ogden" <jogden@seas.marine.usf.edu>
Subject: House Testimony
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "John C. Ogden" <jogden@seas.marine.usf.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status: A
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 670
On Thursday, October 21 the House of Representatives Committee on
Resources, Subcommittee on Fisheries Conservation, Wildlife, and Oceans
will hold hearings on H.R. 2903: Coral Reef Conservation and Restoration
Act of 1999 introduced by Rep James Saxton (R-NJ).  It is my understanding
that the companion Senate bills S. 725 (Snowe, R-ME) and S. 1253 (Inouye,
D-HI) will also be discussed.  This is likely  to be this subcommittee's
only legislative hearing deveoted to coral reef conservation.
I have posted a copy of my testimony at:
http://www.coral.noaa.gov/bulls/bulls.html
If you have any comments or criticisms that I might incorporate into my
oral testimony, please get them to me by early Wednesday.
Needless to say, this would also be a good time for anyone so inclined to
submit personal comments on these bills through the appropriate senator or
representative.
The texts of the bills may be viewed on the House and Senate web pages.
Thank you.
****************************************************************************
John C. Ogden, Ph.D., Director		Tel: 727/553-1100
Florida Institute of Oceanography		Fax: 727/553-1109
830 First Street South
St. Petersburg, FL 33701 USA	Web page: http://www.marine.usf.edu/FIO
****************************************************************************
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Oct 19 09:13:32 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA24370 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 19 Oct 1999 09:13:31 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA19678; Tue, 19 Oct 1999 09:19:02 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma019576; Tue, 19 Oct 99 09:18:11 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 19 Oct 1999 09:15:00 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA31666; Tue, 19 Oct 1999 12:54:59 GMT
Received: from epic50.dep.state.fl.us by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id IAA31664; Tue, 19 Oct 1999 08:54:52 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from EPIC7.dep.state.fl.us ([199.73.160.30])
 by mail.epic50.dep.state.fl.us (PMDF V5.2-32 #31508)
 with ESMTP id <01JHBA1XQBPQ004G8Y@mail.epic50.dep.state.fl.us> for
 coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Tue, 19 Oct 1999 08:55:56 EDT
Received: from a1.epic7.dep.state.fl.us by mail.epic7.dep.state.fl.us
 (PMDF V5.2-32 #37982) id <01JHB9VMZPBO0015CP@mail.epic7.dep.state.fl.us> for
 coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Tue, 19 Oct 1999 08:51:38 -0400 (EDT)
Alternate-recipient: prohibited
Date: Tue, 19 Oct 1999 08:51:36 -0400 (EDT)
From: Matt Patterson STP 727-896-8626 <Matt.Patterson@dep.state.fl.us>
Subject: Volunteer opportunity at the Florida Marine Research Institute
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Cc: Jenni Wheaton <Jenni.Wheaton@dep.state.fl.us>,
        Walt Jaap <Walt.Jaap@dep.state.fl.us>,
        John Dotten MARA <John.Dotten@dep.state.fl.us>,
        Dave Eaken MARA <Dave.Eaken@dep.state.fl.us>,
        Matthew Lybolt STP <Matthew.Lybolt@dep.state.fl.us>,
        Gil McRae STP <Gil.McRae@dep.state.fl.us>
Message-Id: <E82IDQ1WEY3*/R=A1/R=EPIC7/U=PATTERSON_M/@MHS>
MIME-version: 1.0
Content-type: TEXT/PLAIN; CHARSET=US-ASCII
Posting-date: Tue, 19 Oct 1999 08:51:36 -0400 (EDT)
Importance: high
Priority: urgent
UA-content-id: E82IDQ1WEY3
A1-type: MAIL
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Matt Patterson STP 727-896-8626 <Matt.Patterson@dep.state.fl.us>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 671
The Coral Reef Research Group in St. Petersburg, Florida has a unique volunteer opportunity avaialable starting January, 2000.  Please forward this URL to qualified individuals looking for experience working with coral reef images.  This training and experience provides a good start towards a career in coral reef science.  Check out:
http://www.fmri.usf.edu/coral/volunteer.htm
Cheers,
Matt Patterson
NOTE NEW EMAIL ADDRESS: Matt.Patterson@dep.state.fl.us
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Matt Patterson
Coral Reef Research Group
Data Manager - FKNMS Coral Reef/Hardbottom Monitoring Project
Florida Marine Research Institute
100 8th Ave SE
St. Petersburg, Florida 33701
(727)896-8626 x1136 FAX (727)893-1270
Matt.Patterson@dep.state.fl.us
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Oct 19 15:07:27 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA06627 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 19 Oct 1999 15:07:27 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA19477; Tue, 19 Oct 1999 15:15:36 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma019462; Tue, 19 Oct 99 15:15:35 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 19 Oct 1999 15:12:26 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA34326; Tue, 19 Oct 1999 18:59:56 GMT
Received: from mero.invemar.org.co by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA34126; Tue, 19 Oct 1999 14:59:37 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from jaime.invemar.org.co ([200.25.13.208])
	by mero.invemar.org.co (8.9.3/8.8.7) with SMTP id OAA03133;
	Tue, 19 Oct 1999 14:00:40 -0500
From: "Jaime Garzon Ferreira" <jgarzon@invemar.org.co>
To: <Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov>, <mtoscano@nesdis.noaa.gov>
Cc: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Bleaching event
Date: Tue, 19 Oct 1999 14:01:56 -0500
Message-Id: <01bf1a64$6a13d680$d00d19c8@jaime.invemar.org.co>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0008_01BF1A3A.813DCE80"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.71.1712.3
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.71.1712.3
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Jaime Garzon Ferreira" <jgarzon@invemar.org.co>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 672
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_0008_01BF1A3A.813DCE80
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Dear Colleagues:
=20
A minor bleaching event is occurring now at Chengue Bay (11o20'N and =
74o08'W) and nearby sites of the Tayrona Natural Park in the north coast =
of Colombia (Southern Caribbean  Sea). The first evidence of this event =
was observed on September 22 when some large Colpophyllia natans were =
seen partially bleached. About 6% of 440 colonies of hard corals =
examined at one site (15-18 m depth) on October 15 had symptoms of =
bleaching. At the same site and date, between 9-18 m depth, we visually =
estimated that less than 5% of the living coral tissue was affected; =
Meandrina meandrites and Porites astreoides seemed to be the most =
affected. Other bleached species: Millepora alcicornis, Siderastrea =
siderea, Montastraea faveolata, M. cavernosa, C. natans, Diploria =
strigosa, Stephanocoenia intersepta and Dichocoenia stokeksi. No =
associated mortality of coral tissue has been observed. Warm and very =
turbid waters (due to continental runoff: strong rainy season this year) =
have remained in the area for several weeks. High temperatures (30oC) =
have been recorded  on several occasions at surface waters since the end =
of August.
We were also working on the coral reefs of San Andr=E9s island (12o32'N =
and 81o43'W: Southwestern Caribbean) in September this year, but did not =
observe any bleaching event in the area.
Regards,
Jaime Garz=F3n-Ferreira and Alberto Rodr=EDguez
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Jaime Garz=F3n-Ferreira
Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (INVEMAR)
A.A. 1016, Santa Marta, COLOMBIA
Tel. (575)4214774 or 4211380 - Fax (575) 4211377
E-mail: jgarzon@invemar.org.co
=20
------=_NextPart_000_0008_01BF1A3A.813DCE80
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META content=3Dtext/html;charset=3Diso-8859-1 =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type><!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 =
HTML//EN">
<META content=3D'"MSHTML 4.71.1712.3"' name=3DGENERATOR>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 face=3DArial size=3D2>Dear =
Colleagues:</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>A minor bleaching event is occurring =
now at Chengue=20
Bay (11o20'N and 74o08'W) and nearby sites of the Tayrona Natural Park =
in the=20
north coast of Colombia (Southern Caribbean&nbsp; Sea). The first =
evidence of=20
this event was observed on September 22 when some large <EM>Colpophyllia =
natans=20
</EM>were seen partially bleached. About 6% of 440 colonies of hard =
corals=20
examined at one site (15-18 m depth) on October 15 had symptoms of =
bleaching. At=20
the same site and date, between 9-18 m depth, we visually estimated that =
less=20
than 5% of the living coral tissue was affected; <EM>Meandrina =
meandrites=20
</EM>and <EM>Porites astreoides </EM>seemed to be the most affected. =
Other=20
bleached species: <EM>Millepora alcicornis, Siderastrea siderea, =
Montastraea=20
faveolata, M. cavernosa, C. natans, Diploria strigosa, Stephanocoenia =
intersepta=20
</EM>and<EM> Dichocoenia stokeksi</EM>. No associated mortality of coral =
tissue=20
has been observed. Warm and very turbid waters (due to continental =
runoff:=20
strong rainy season this year) have remained in the area for several =
weeks. High=20
temperatures (30oC) have been recorded&nbsp; on several occasions at =
surface=20
waters since the end of August.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>We were also working on the coral reefs =
of San=20
Andr&eacute;s island (12o32'N and 81o43'W: Southwestern Caribbean) in =
September=20
this year, but did not observe any bleaching event in the =
area.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Regards,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Jaime Garz&oacute;n-Ferreira and =
Alberto=20
Rodr&iacute;guez</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~<=
BR>Jaime=20
Garz&oacute;n-Ferreira<BR>Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y =
Costeras=20
(INVEMAR)<BR>A.A. 1016, Santa Marta, COLOMBIA<BR>Tel. (575)4214774 or =
4211380 -=20
Fax (575) 4211377<BR>E-mail: <A=20
href=3D"mailto:jgarzon@invemar.org.co">jgarzon@invemar.org.co</A><BR></FO=
NT>&nbsp;</DIV></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_000_0008_01BF1A3A.813DCE80--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Oct 19 22:46:20 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id WAA13510 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 19 Oct 1999 22:46:19 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA15634; Tue, 19 Oct 1999 22:54:28 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma015614; Tue, 19 Oct 99 22:53:47 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 19 Oct 1999 22:49:33 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id CAA36903; Wed, 20 Oct 1999 02:41:03 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id WAA36869; Tue, 19 Oct 1999 22:40:54 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA15351; Tue, 19 Oct 1999 22:46:20 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma015329; Tue, 19 Oct 99 22:45:20 -0400
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id WAA13264 for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 19 Oct 1999 22:39:49 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA15322; Tue, 19 Oct 1999 22:45:19 -0400
Received: from law-f137.hotmail.com(209.185.131.200) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma015300; Tue, 19 Oct 99 22:44:28 -0400
Received: (qmail 53317 invoked by uid 0); 16 Oct 1999 13:55:48 -0000
Message-Id: <19991016135548.53316.qmail@hotmail.com>
Received: from 193.49.112.244 by www.hotmail.com with HTTP;
	Sat, 16 Oct 1999 06:55:47 PDT
X-Originating-IP: [193.49.112.244]
From: "Marion FRANCOUAL" <francoual@hotmail.com>
To: coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Date: Sat, 16 Oct 1999 06:55:47 PDT
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Marion FRANCOUAL" <francoual@hotmail.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 673
Dear members,
I just finish a DEA (5th Year of french university) 'Sciences of Marine
Environment' option Biogeochemistry. I should begin a Thesis next year and I
am actually looking for a work experience this academic year in an
anglosaxon laboratory. I made my work experience of DEA on data analysis
(size distribution of marines particles : contribution to a frontal system
study). I am particularly interested in biogeochemistry, data analysis and
by the interaction between biology-ecology-physic. This work experience
could be included in a french degree.
I thank you for your attention,
Sincerely
Marion FRANCOUAL
______________________________________________________
Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Oct 20 10:36:20 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA22602 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 20 Oct 1999 10:36:19 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA18578; Wed, 20 Oct 1999 10:44:30 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma018534; Wed, 20 Oct 99 10:44:23 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 20 Oct 1999 10:35:39 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA40805; Wed, 20 Oct 1999 14:02:29 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA40717; Wed, 20 Oct 1999 10:02:19 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA14102; Wed, 20 Oct 1999 10:07:46 -0400
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma014055; Wed, 20 Oct 99 10:07:02 -0400
Received: from surf.blur (surf [172.16.100.3])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with ESMTP
	  id JAA21629 for <coral-list@coral>; Wed, 20 Oct 1999 09:58:49 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from localhost by surf.blur (8.8.8+Sun/SMI-SVR4)
	id KAA10457; Wed, 20 Oct 1999 10:01:30 -0400 (EDT)
Date: Wed, 20 Oct 1999 10:01:30 -0400 (EDT)
From: Jim Hendee <Jim.Hendee@noaa.gov>
X-Sender: hendee@surf
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Citation of coral-list material
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.03.9910200956510.10185-100000@surf>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jim Hendee <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 674
Greetings,
	You may want to save this message for future reference. I have
been asked this several times, so I did some research into it.  Each
editor may have special requirements, but I believe the examples below are
approximately correct.
~~ Citation of Coral-List Messages ~~
	If you would like to cite specific messages circulated on
coral-list, I believe this format is appropriate (underlines or italics
surrounded by asterisks in these examples):
Doe, J. (1998, Mar 30). Acropora: Endangered species? *NOAA's Coral Health
and Monitoring Program Listserver*.  Available:
*http://www.coral.noaa.gov* (Online, see entry for coral-list)
~~ Archived
	Regarding the citation of coral bleaching archives, as best as I
can tell, from consulting several different sources for online referencing
(and seeing none exactly of this type), it would appear that this would be
a legitimate citation (italic or underline areas surrounded by asterisks):
Hendee, J. (1999). Coral-list listserver coral bleaching archives.
*ftp://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/pub/champ/bleach/* Revised October 20, 1999.
Accessed October 20, 1999.  Author's email: jim.hendee@noaa.gov.  Author's
Web Site: *http://www.coral.noaa.gov*
(You would of course put your own access date).  Your journal editor may
have a slight variation.
If you have any corrections to this, suggestions or other input that would
be of help to coral-list subscribers, please feel free to post a message.
	Cheers,
	Jim Hendee
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Oct 20 12:38:50 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA26936 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 20 Oct 1999 12:38:50 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA02329; Wed, 20 Oct 1999 12:47:00 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma002279; Wed, 20 Oct 99 12:46:32 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 20 Oct 1999 12:14:07 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA41431; Wed, 20 Oct 1999 15:50:52 GMT
Received: from caffeine.public.hq.nasa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA41401; Wed, 20 Oct 1999 11:50:46 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from oserranoHQ.HQ.nasa.gov ([131.182.171.113]) by caffeine.public.hq.nasa.gov (8.7.5/8.7.3) with SMTP id LAA14104; Wed, 20 Oct 1999 11:30:03 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <3.0.32.19991020115305.00929930@mail.hq.nasa.gov>
X-Sender: oserrano@mail.hq.nasa.gov
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0 (32)
Date: Wed, 20 Oct 1999 11:53:06 -0400
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Odean Serrano <oserrano@hq.nasa.gov>
Subject: Coral taxonomy courses
Cc: DKELSO@wpgate.gmu.edu
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Odean Serrano <oserrano@hq.nasa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 675
Hello,
I'm am beginning a doctoral program in marine conservation and was looking
for courses in Coral taxonomy and Coral Ecosystems that I could possibly
study in an independent forum. Does anyone have any recommendations of
graduate level courses, and where I can go to browse their course
descriptions?
Thank you,
Odean Serrano
NASA HQ
Washington, D.C.
202 358-1308
From hendee@mermaid Fri Oct 22 02:59:59 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id CAA10576 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 22 Oct 1999 02:59:58 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id DAA28628; Fri, 22 Oct 1999 03:08:12 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xmaa28615; Fri, 22 Oct 99 03:07:34 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 22 Oct 1999 03:04:03 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id GAA54470; Fri, 22 Oct 1999 06:43:03 GMT
Received: from uog9.uog.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id CAA54600; Fri, 22 Oct 1999 02:42:55 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from localhost by uog9.uog.edu (5.65v3.2/1.1.10.5/25Apr97-0522PM)
	id AA03906; Fri, 22 Oct 1999 17:13:26 +1000
Date: Fri, 22 Oct 1999 17:13:25 +1000 (GMT+1000)
From: "Robert G. Rowan" <rrowan@uog9.uog.edu>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: MARINE ECOLOGIST ANNOUNCEMENT
Message-Id: <Pine.OSF.3.96.991022170926.3348A-100000@uog9.uog.edu>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Robert G. Rowan" <rrowan@uog9.uog.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 676
                    UNIVERSITY OF GUAM ANNOUNCEMENT
THE UNIVERSITY OF GUAM DOES NOT DISCRIMINATE ON THE BASIS OF SEX, RACE,
COLOR, RELIGION, NATIONAL OR ETHNIC ORIGIN, DISABILITY UNRELATED TO JOB
REQUIREMENTS, AGE (EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY LAW), CITIZENSHIP STATUS OR
MARITAL STATUS.
			   September 28, 1999
THE UNIVERSITY OF GUAM SOLICITS APPLICATIONS TO ESTABLISH A LIST OF
ELIGIBLES FOR THE FOLLOWING POSITION (TENURE/NON-TENURE TRACK APPOINTMENT,
PART/FULL-TIME - SUBJECT TO AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS):
026-99  ASSISTANT PROFESSOR TO ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR
(MARINE ECOLOGY)
LOCATION:	GRADUATE SCHOOL AND RESEARCH/MARINE LABORATORY
UNIVERSITY INFORMATION:  The University of Guam has adopted a campus-wide
Total Quality improvement process.  The University is a land grant
institution with its mission in instruction, research, and service.  The
University is accredited by the Western Association of Schools and
Colleges, and has an on-going enrollment of over 4,000 students.
Additionally, it provides outreach and extension service programs
throughout Guam and the Western Pacific Region.
Guam is a beautiful tropical island with white sandy beaches, lush green
vegetation, and warm blue seas ideal for water recreation.  Guam has an
estimated population of 150,000.  English and Chamorro are official
languages.  Federal as well as local laws are in effect.  The island is
situated within five hours flying time of every major capital city in the
Far East.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION:  The University of Guam is looking for individuals
who are interested in new challenges and opportunities for professional
and personal growth.  This position calls for someone who is adaptable,
intelligent, and interested in working in a dynamic, growing,
multi-cultural institution.
CHARACTER OF DUTIES:  The successful candidate is expected to: 1) teach
and advise graduate (M.S. degree) students, 2) maintain a continuous
record of scholarly activity, and 3) perform university and community
service.
QUALIFICATIONS:  Required:  Applicants must have a Ph.D. in a relevant
field, a minimum of one year of postdoctoral research in Marine ecology, a
strong record or research as evidenced by recent grants and refereed
publications in scientific journals, and ability to teach an advanced
course in biometrics.  Preferred:  Preference will be given to
investigators with an established research record in community ecology of
coral reefs.
SALARY LEVEL:	Salary will be commensurate with qualifications and
experience relevant to the position. The following salary figures are for
nine (9) months:
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR	$34,307 - $50,765 Per Academic Year
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR	$39,300 - $59,307 Per Academic Year
APPOINTMENT/RELOCATION:  Nine (9) month appointment.  Individuals hired
will be on a non-tenure track (1,2 or 3 years) or three-year tenure track
contractual appointment.  If hired off-island on a three-year non-tenure
or tenure track position, a travel expense will be provided for the
applicant and his/her immediate family (spouse and children, 18 years and
under) which includes one-way direct air route economy fare from point of
hire, and partial compensation for moving expenses of household goods from
point of recruitment (3,500 pounds per family and 1,750 pounds per
applicant without dependents will be provided).
BENEFITS:  Fringe benefits include subsidized hospitalization and medical
plans, life insurance, cafeteria plan (flexible tax benefit plan), and the
option to join the Government of Guam retirement plan or U.S. Social
Security (only for initial three years of employment).
APPLICATION PROCESS:  Completed applications shall include a 1) UOG
application form, 2) statement of research plan and teaching philosophy,
3) up-to-date resume or current curriculum vitae, 4) names, telephone
numbers and e-mail addresses of three references to be contacted, 5)
samples of most recent publications or presentations, and 6) copies of all
graduate and undergraduate transcripts.  Short listed candidates will be
required to submit official graduate transcripts sent directly from the
awarding institution/s.  Submit documents to Dr. Valerie Paul, Chair,
Marine Biology Search Committee, c/o Human Resources Office, University of
Guam, UOG Station, Mangilao, GU 96923.  For further information, please
e-mail vpaul@uog9.uog.edu, call (671) 735-2186/2175 or fax 734-6767.
APPLICATION DEADLINE:  Review of applications will begin November 15, 1999
and will continue until the search committee has made its selection, or
until the close of application review on December 15, 1999.  Application
files that are complete by November 15, 1999 will receive preferred
consideration.
University of Guam Faculty will submit a letter of request in lieu of
application forms and all other documents mandated in the announcement
which are not in the official open file in the Human Resources Office.
Transfer requests will be considered with all other applicants for the
vacant position.  Faculty who transfer will retain the identical academic
rank, step, increment date and self development plan (if any).
For further information about the University of Guam, visit our Web Site
at http://uog2.uog.edu.  For more information about Guam, contact:  Guam
Visitors Bureau, 401 Pale San Vitores, Tumon, GU 96911.  For a sample,
current issue of the Pacific Daily News, send a check for $4.00 (includes
priority mail delivery) to:  Circulation, Pacific Daily News, P.O. Box DN,
Agana, GU 96932.
WORK ELIGIBILITY:  Submission of completed job applications authorizes the
University of Guam to seek and obtain information regarding the
applicant's suitability for employment.  All factors which are job related
may be investigated (e.g. previous employment, educational credentials,
and criminal records).  All information obtained may be used to determine
the applicant's eligibility for employment in accordance with equal
employment opportunity guidelines.  In addition, the applicant releases
previous employers and job related sources from legal liability for the
information provided.
Should an applicant be convicted of any crimes other than a minor traffic
violation, a police clearance report and court clearance report is
required.  Failure to admit any felony convictions may result in immediate
disqualification or disciplinary action.
Executive Order No. 95-29 requires applicants selected for and offered
employment to undergo and pass a mandatory drug test prior to being
employed.  Failure to submit to or pass a drug test will be grounds for
rescinding the offer of employment.
Section 25103, Chapter 25, Title 10 of the Guam Code Annotated requires
college or university employees to undergo a physical examination, to
include a test for tuberculosis (skin or x-ray), prior to employment and
at least annually thereafter.  A report of such examination must be
conducted by a licensed physician within a state or territory of the
United States and must be submitted upon request.
Federal law requires presentation eligibility to work in the United States
within seventy-two (72) hours of reporting for employment.  Specifically,
8 USC 1324A requires the employer to verify the identity and eligibility
to work in the United States of all newly hired employees.  The University
of Guam is required to comply with this law on a non-discriminatory basis.
If you are hired to fill a position with the University of Guam, you will
be required to present valid documents to comply with this law.
The University of Guam is an equal opportunity institution and encourages
women, minorities and persons with disabilities to apply for this
position.
The University of Guam complies with Public Law 24-109 in reference to the
provisions and requirements of the Americans with Disabilities Act.  For
assistance contact Jess Torres, ADA Coordinator, either by phone
(735-2244) or TTY (735-2243).
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Oct 22 12:45:59 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA22558 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 22 Oct 1999 12:45:59 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA09752; Fri, 22 Oct 1999 12:54:10 -0400
Received: from is1.nwn.noaa.gov(161.55.16.50) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma009738; Fri, 22 Oct 99 12:54:02 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by IS1.nwn.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 22 Oct 1999 09:49:18 -0700
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA58950; Fri, 22 Oct 1999 16:34:56 GMT
Received: from austinx.pbsj.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA58413; Fri, 22 Oct 1999 12:34:50 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by AUSTINX with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
	id <VM9ZDZ3G>; Fri, 22 Oct 1999 11:31:31 -0500
Message-Id: <F54550744074D211BC6B00A0C9E30EB7AE9751@MIAMIX>
From: "Precht, Bill" <Bprecht@pbsj.com>
To: Coral List <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: FW: From today's Miami Herald: Florida Bay Hit By Dirty Water
Date: Fri, 22 Oct 1999 11:29:10 -0500
MIME-Version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Precht, Bill" <Bprecht@pbsj.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 677
Coral Listers - Please see attached article.
This is exactly why the Everglades Restoration Program must be implemented!
Today significantly less water flows through the south Florida ecosystem
than before the complex network of canals and levees were put in place.
Getting the water right, which is the major goal of the Everglades
Restoration Plan, will mean that most of the excess water will not be lost
to tide but will be captured.
The Florida Keys have always been at the receiving end of what the
Everglades sends to it... In years of drought that means receiving little
natural fresh water runoff through the sloughs and into Florida Bay... in
times of excess, too much freshwater... a balance needs to be struck so the
natural system can be enhanced so as to respond to these fluctuating
hydroperiods... just as it did in the centuries an millennia prior to man
mucking-up the system.
As long as there are population demands on the resources of south Florida...
and as long as there are "wet" hurricanes (like Irene)... the system will be
tested.  However, without restoration the situation will get worse and
articles like the one below will be commonplace.
Congress will vote on the Everglades Plan next year... let them know why we
need this...it's more than the Everglades that are at stake... it's the
Florida Reef tract as well.
Cheers to all,
William F. Precht
EcoSciences Program Manager
PBS&J
Miami, FL
 Reprinted with permission
Published Friday, October 22, 1999, in the Miami Herald
Florida Bay hit by dirty water
Irene's overflow spreads trouble
BY NANCY KLINGENER
nklingener@herald.com
Millions of gallons of freshwater released into Florida Bay to ease
flooding in Miami-Dade County have created a giant plume of dirty water
that is causing fish kills and sponge die-offs and is heading for the
Keys reef tract.
And state water managers say the water released from the C-111 canal,
the primary
drainage channel in South Dade, after Hurricane Irene will continue
indefinitely into
Barnes Sound and on to Florida Bay.
>From Lower Matecumbe up to the Everglades, Florida Bay looks like
"chocolate milk," said Dave Savage, Upper Keys manager of the Florida
Keys National Marine Sanctuary, who has been flying over the area to see
what's happening in the marine environment.
"All we can do is document it and tell the [South Florida] Water
Management District that this is what happens when you open up the
floodgates," Savage said.  "You have to sacrifice some of the biota to
protect the built environment in Miami. "Every time they do that during
a major flood event, they're killing off a lot of the critters in the
Biscayne Bay watershed and in Florida Bay."
State water managers "say they send the water to tide," said Karen Lee,
an Islamorada environmentalist. "Sending it to tide is like saying you
sweep it under the carpet. Actually, what you're doing is you're sending
that polluted water into the estuaries of the Upper Keys."
Savage said he has received confirmed reports of mangrove snapper fish
kills and sponge die-offs in Blackwater Sound. "We're already seeing a
lot of turbidity in the passes" or areas between Keys where water moves
from Florida Bay to the ocean, Savage said. "That turbid water is making
it out to the reef. You really can't make any predictions, but it
definitely can't help."
A SHOCKING SIGHT
Key Largo resident Ellen Alderman was shocked when she took a look at
Blackwater Sound this week.  "I went, 'Oh, my God.' It was wet
cement-looking. A very different look of what I see after storms," she
said. "It looked like chalk. It's Thursday and the visibility is still
six inches."  Alderman, a pediatric physical therapist, is concerned
about the long-term effects on the area and she is letting politicians,
water managers and environmental groups know about it.
"If it continues to go on," she said, "what's the future in the Keys?"
ASSESSING EFFECTS
Sanctuary biologists are still assessing Irene's effects on the reefs.
So far, visibility is so poor that it's hard to tell how severe the
damage is, said Cheva Heck, a sanctuary spokeswoman. A check on Lower
Keys reefs revealed broken branch corals and nicked and scoured boulder
corals, but not the same kind of severe beating that the reefs took
during Hurricane Georges, Heck said. "There was almost not a lot of new
stuff to take out," Heck said. "They got hit so hard by Georges that
there wasn't much more to be done by this hurricane."
In the Upper Keys, many lobster pots ended up on bank reefs, Savage
said.  Some of the sanctuary's marker buoys, which post areas where no
fishing is allowed, were lost.  But the primary concern was the water
quality issues raised by the rush of water through the C-111, where all
13 gates were opened over the weekend to help drain the South Florida
mainland. Irene brought up to 13 inches of rain to parts of Dade County.
MORE TO COME
A week after Irene struck, "we're not done yet" releasing water, said
Ann Overton, spokeswoman for the water district, which runs the region's
system of canals and levees. "We still have a lot to discharge. The
storm is not over for us. There's still a lot of water to move."
The district doesn't like releasing such a giant pulse of fresh water
into the bay, but it has little choice because it is mandated by law to
protect the health and safety of South Florida residents, Overton said.
The district will conduct environmental assessments of the flood's
effect on Florida Bay, which for more than a decade has been the subject
of environmental and political concerns because of algae blooms and sea
grass die-off. Storms like Irene stir up the bay bottom, clouding the
waters even more.
The district is also facing severe criticism from Dade politicians. The
Miami-Dade Commission voted unanimously Tuesday to create a task force
to study whether water managers moved fast enough to release water into
the sound before Hurricane Irene hit.
While mainlanders are calling for investigations on why the water wasn't
drained faster, islanders are concerned about being at the bottom of the
drain pipe. "That resource is as vitally important to the fisheries and
the tourism industry of the Keys as is the damage to agricultural lands
and homes in the western areas that are being so flooded," said Lee, the
Islamorada environmentalist. "It's a terrible problem, but it's not a
new problem. It's a problem that creates an opportunity for education."
Herald staff writer Susana Bellido contributed to this report.
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Oct 22 13:09:12 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA23847 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 22 Oct 1999 13:09:11 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA12385; Fri, 22 Oct 1999 13:14:41 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xmab12315; Fri, 22 Oct 99 13:14:26 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 22 Oct 1999 13:05:55 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA30584; Fri, 22 Oct 1999 16:56:24 GMT
Received: from seas.marine.usf.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA30562; Fri, 22 Oct 1999 12:56:18 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from fio1 (fio1.marine.usf.edu [131.247.138.150])
	by seas.marine.usf.edu (8.9.1a/8.9.1) with SMTP id MAA09272
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 22 Oct 1999 12:58:34 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <3.0.5.32.19991022125834.00864b20@marine.usf.edu>
X-Sender: jogden@marine.usf.edu
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.5 (32)
Date: Fri, 22 Oct 1999 12:58:34 -0400
To: Coral List <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: "John C. Ogden" <jogden@seas.marine.usf.edu>
Subject: H.R. 2903: Coral Reef Protection and Restoration
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "John C. Ogden" <jogden@seas.marine.usf.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 678
Many thanks to those of you who responded to my request for editing and
ideas on my testimony on this bill.  I testified before the House
Subcommittee for Fisheries Conservation, Wildlife, and Oceans of the
Committee on Resources with Sally Yozell, Deputy Assistant Secretary for
Oceans and Atmosphere of NOAA, and Roger McManus, President of the Center
for Marine Conservation.  We had 5 minutes each and then were questioned
for about 30 minutes by SC Chairman Saxton (R-NJ) and Reps. Vento (D-MN),
Gilcrist (R-MD), and Faleomavega (D-American Samoa).
Generally the panel supported the bill.  Key points in the combined
testimony were: nesting the proposed grants program within a national
program to protect coral reefs; flexibility in matching; creation of a
special foundation within the government to facilitate leveraged funding;
equitable split in funding between the Atlantic and the Pacific; and
increased budget.
In her testimony Deputy Assistant Secretary Yozell announced that the
version of the NOAA budget reported out of the House/Senate conference had
zeroed out coral reefs.  This is very frustrating news given the intent of
H.R. 2903, the upcoming Coral Reef Task Force meeting in the V.I. next
week, and the generally high profile of coral reefs among environmental
issues.
I don't know what can be done, except to contact your congressperson as was
suggested by others to this list some time ago and to make your views
known.  In view of the Presidential Executive Order on coral reefs, those
of you who want to aim high can contact the White House.
http://www.coral.noaa.gov/bulls/bulls.html
****************************************************************************
John C. Ogden, Ph.D., Director		Tel: 727/553-1100
Florida Institute of Oceanography		Fax: 727/553-1109
830 First Street South
St. Petersburg, FL 33701 USA	Web page: http://www.marine.usf.edu/FIO
****************************************************************************
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Oct 22 15:21:41 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA27599 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 22 Oct 1999 15:21:41 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA28189; Fri, 22 Oct 1999 15:27:13 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028129; Fri, 22 Oct 99 15:26:39 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 22 Oct 1999 15:23:08 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA60488; Fri, 22 Oct 1999 19:10:53 GMT
Received: from seas.marine.usf.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id PAA60485; Fri, 22 Oct 1999 15:10:43 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from fio1 (fio1.marine.usf.edu [131.247.138.150])
	by seas.marine.usf.edu (8.9.1a/8.9.1) with SMTP id PAA14329
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 22 Oct 1999 15:13:00 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <3.0.5.32.19991022151300.00889b80@marine.usf.edu>
X-Sender: jogden@marine.usf.edu
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.5 (32)
Date: Fri, 22 Oct 1999 15:13:00 -0400
To: Coral List <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: "John C. Ogden" <jogden@seas.marine.usf.edu>
Subject: Letters needed NOW
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "John C. Ogden" <jogden@seas.marine.usf.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 679
Dear Friends and Colleagues:
Since my message about coral reefs in the NOAA budget earlier today, I have
some specifics on what we can do, immediately and over the weekend to get
coral reefs back in the NOAA budget.  The debate and negotiations are in
progress NOW and over the weekend.  The time to write is NOW; next week
will be too late.
Key people:
Jack Lew, Director
Office of Management and Budget
Fax: 202-395-3888
A letter to Lew is particularly important; if you can do only one do this one.
House Appropriations Committee Leadership:
Congressman Rogers (Fax: 202-225-0940)
Congressman Serano (Fax: 202-225-6001)
Congressman Young (Fax: 202-225-9764)
Senate Appropriations Committee Leadership:
Senator Greg (Fax: 202-224-4952)
Senator Hollings (Fax: 202-224-4293)
Key Points:
1. Noaa's FY 2000 budget request included $12 million for a variety of
activities urgently needed to protect, restore, and sustain U.S. coral reefs.
2. While the Senate proposed funding NOAA's request at the $6 million
level, the House included no funding.
3. The current conference budget from Congress includes ZERO funding for
NOAA's coral reef activities.
4. U.S. coral reefs are in crisis; this funding is critical.
5. A key is Jack Lew, Director of OMB; if you do only one letter do this one.
****************************************************************************
John C. Ogden, Ph.D., Director		Tel: 727/553-1100
Florida Institute of Oceanography		Fax: 727/553-1109
830 First Street South
St. Petersburg, FL 33701 USA	Web page: http://www.marine.usf.edu/FIO
****************************************************************************
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Oct 23 04:18:10 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id EAA07601 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 23 Oct 1999 04:18:10 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id EAA05860; Sat, 23 Oct 1999 04:23:42 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xmaa05843; Sat, 23 Oct 99 04:23:19 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 23 Oct 1999 04:19:56 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id IAA64113; Sat, 23 Oct 1999 08:04:11 GMT
Received: from melon.eastnet.com.cn by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id EAA64208; Sat, 23 Oct 1999 04:03:56 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from pacific.net.hk ([202.95.0.112])
	by melon.eastnet.com.cn (8.9.0/8.9.0) with ESMTP id QAA19103
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 23 Oct 1999 16:01:04 +0800
Message-Id: <38116CA1.CB10A332@pacific.net.hk>
Date: Sat, 23 Oct 1999 16:06:57 +0800
From: Gregor Hodgson <gregorh@pacific.net.hk>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.6 [en] (Win98; I)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: "coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Reef Check Raffle is For Real
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Gregor Hodgson <gregorh@pacific.net.hk>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 680
Dear Coral List Folks,
I have received a number of inquiries about a Reef Check raffle and
after checking with Jim Hendee, I am providing the following
announcement.
which I hope does not offend anyone or cause them to
doubt my sanity more than they normally do. The fact is that Reef Check
is doing well internationally and has strong support in dozens of
countries and grants and donations are coming in for teams all over. But
like most NGOs, we are having trouble finding funders to support our HQ
administrative costs during RCs transition period out of HKUST and into
full NGO status. The reality is that we are getting fairly desperate for
operating funds.
So along comes Trish Bailey, RC's British Virgin Islands coordinator,
who impressed John Williams, the CEO of the internet company Comsite
Asset
Management. Comsite is starting a business that runs raffles in support
of
selected charities. We are pleased to announce that Comsite decided to
run their
first internet raffle to benefit Reef Check.
Churches have bingo, and now Reef Check has the generous help of the
"Help and Win" web-raffle. It may sound silly, but the
basic concept is similar to bingo or the Hong Kong Jockey Club, where
all horse racing proceeds go to charity. Each $20 raffle ticket enters
you for one chance to win a  US$450,000 property and US$150,000
cash. For more info, see www.helpandwin.com but PLEASE NOTE THAT THE
RAFFLE WILL NOT START UNTIL NOV. 1, 1999. It will run until April
Of the cash raised, a signed contract stipulates that 55% of the gross
proceeds will be provided to the Reef Check Foundation, a registered
charity in Hong Kong, and of this amount, 33% will go to the ARK
foundation in BVI. The whole operation will be audited by a chartered
accounting firm.
I am aware that we are not supposed to use this list to promote
commerce, however, I have received a number of notes from folks who are
worried that someone is using the Reef Check name without permission or
that this is a hoax, therefore I thought it important to let people know
that the Reef Raffle is real. I hope you will support it.
Regards,
Greg
--
Gregor Hodgson, PhD
Coordinator, Reef Check Global Survey Program
GPO Box 12375, Hong Kong
Tel: (852) 2802-6937
Fax: (852) 2887-5454
Email: gregorh@pacific.net.hk
Web: www.ReefCheck.org
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Oct 23 11:26:50 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA11058 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 23 Oct 1999 11:26:49 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA13635; Sat, 23 Oct 1999 11:32:21 -0400
Received: from is1.nwn.noaa.gov(161.55.16.50) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma013620; Sat, 23 Oct 99 11:31:52 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by IS1.nwn.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 23 Oct 1999 08:29:04 -0700
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA66979; Sat, 23 Oct 1999 15:18:46 GMT
Received: from carbon.marine.usf.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA67088; Sat, 23 Oct 1999 11:18:35 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from coral (coral.marine.usf.edu [131.247.136.180]) by carbon.marine.usf.edu (980427.SGI.8.8.8/980728.SGI.AUTOCF) via SMTP id LAA05066 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 23 Oct 1999 11:20:52 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <3.0.6.32.19991023113309.00897b40@carbon.marine.usf.edu>
X-Sender: serge@carbon.marine.usf.edu
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.6 (32)
Date: Sat, 23 Oct 1999 11:33:09 -0400
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Serge Andrefouet <serge@carbon.marine.usf.edu>
Subject: Landsat coverage statistics
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Serge Andrefouet <serge@carbon.marine.usf.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 681
Dear colleagues,
Last week(12-14th October), the first Landsat Science Team Meeting after
the launch of Landsat 7 took place in Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) in
Maryland. Terry Arvidson (GSFC), John Gasch (GSFC) and Samuel Goward (L7
Science Team chairman) presented the last statistics in terms of coral reef
coverage, among other "niches" (volcanoes, rainforest, agricultural areas,
oceanic islands, calibration sites, sea ice and glacier).
Here, I quote their report, that will be published in the proceedings of
the 14th Pecora Memorial Remote Sensing Conference (6-10 dec. 1999 - Denver
Colorado):
"There are a total of 8742 reefs covered by 968 scenes in the land database
and therefore in the LTAP. 19 scenes (21 reefs) are isolated scenes that
have a heavy overhead associated with their acquisition because of
isolation. After a year of operation, the addition of these scenes to the
database will be reconsidered.
The scenes with reefs were further reviewed: high priority was assigned to
111 scenes containing a total of 604 reefs that ate currently at risk,
currently under study, or planned for study in the near future.
Acquisition frequencies: As requested, potential research sites are slated
for acquisition twice each year, at the peak of bleaching in the late local
summer and six months later, and existing research sites are acquired on a
quaterly basis. In reality, many scenes containing reefs are acquired much
more frequently because they are driven by the land content of the scene,
not the reef content: 70% of the 8748 reefs have acquisition rates twice a
year or better, 65% have acquisition rate of 4 times a year or better, and
33% have rates indicating they are to be acquired every opportunity. Of the
604 high priority reefs, 0.8% have acquisition rates of twice yearly, 6
months apart; 45.5% have acquisition rates of quaterly and 53.7 % have
rates of acquisition greater than 12 times a year.
Acquisition results to date: Since the start of routine operations on July
15, we have acquired 1054 images covering 82% of all the requested reefs.
Acquisition rates for scenes containing reefs ranged from one to six times. "
This report shows that the rate of acquisition will be much higher than
requested for most of the reefs worldwide. Some areas covered during the
first months of operation still suffer from cloud coverage but the
situation will likely  improve in a near future, after that seasonal
patterns in cloud coverage change.
Hope it informs,
Serge
Serge Andrefouet
Department of Marine Science
Remote Sensing/ Biological Oceanography
University of South Florida
140, 7th Av. South
St Petersburg
FL 33701
phone: (727) 553-1186
fax:   (727) 553-1103
E-mail: serge@carbon.marine.usf.edu
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Oct 25 03:39:46 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id DAA28172 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 25 Oct 1999 03:39:45 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id DAA19339; Mon, 25 Oct 1999 03:48:01 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma019313; Mon, 25 Oct 99 03:47:15 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 25 Oct 1999 03:43:45 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id HAA79116; Mon, 25 Oct 1999 07:19:32 GMT
Received: from users.africaonline.co.ke by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id DAA74957; Mon, 25 Oct 1999 03:19:11 -0400 (EDT)
Received: (qmail 5673 invoked from network); 25 Oct 1999 07:20:22 -0000
Received: from unknown (HELO africaonline.co.ke) (199.103.176.181)
  by users.africaonline.co.ke with SMTP; 25 Oct 1999 07:20:22 -0000
Message-Id: <381402EB.E97B9B10@africaonline.co.ke>
Date: Mon, 25 Oct 1999 10:12:47 +0300
From: David Obura <dobura@africaonline.co.ke>
Organization: CORDIO
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.51 (Macintosh; I; PPC)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: -list Coral <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Expedition to Phoenix Islands, Pacific
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii; x-mac-type="54455854"; x-mac-creator="4D4F5353"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: David Obura <dobura@africaonline.co.ke>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 682
Dear listers,
there is the opportunity for an expedition to the Phoenix Islands in
June/July 2000, and to include coral surveys in the scientific
programme.  I'm currently looking for any past information on the
islands to see how much has been done and what would be the most useful
focus during the expedition.
I you have any info/leads on past surveys/research/expeditions please
get back to me, as well as anything on major threats, fishing, El-Nino
impacts, etc.
Thank you,
David
--
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
David Obura
CORDIO-East Africa
P.O.BOX 10135 Bamburi, Mombasa, Kenya
Tel: +254-11-486473; Home/fax: 486292.
Email: dobura@africaonline.co.ke, Web: http//:www.cordio.org
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Oct 25 07:53:21 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id HAA00722 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 25 Oct 1999 07:53:20 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA26130; Mon, 25 Oct 1999 08:01:36 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma026106; Mon, 25 Oct 99 08:01:23 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 25 Oct 1999 07:57:53 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id LAA81377; Mon, 25 Oct 1999 11:47:39 GMT
Received: from willamette.cbn.net.id by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id HAA52985; Mon, 25 Oct 1999 07:47:29 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <199910251147.HAA52985@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: (qmail 27642 invoked from network); 25 Oct 1999 11:50:23 -0000
Received: from unknown (HELO ?202.158.29.245?) (202.158.29.245)
  by willamette.cbn.net.id with SMTP; 25 Oct 1999 11:50:23 -0000
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express for Macintosh - 4.01 (295)
Date: Mon, 25 Oct 1999 18:48:10 +0700
Subject: Situation on Bali
From: "Jan Henning Steffen" <jsteffen@cbn.net.id>
To: coral list <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Mime-version: 1.0
X-Priority: 3
Content-type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII"
Content-transfer-encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Jan Henning Steffen" <jsteffen@cbn.net.id>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 683
Dear coral listers,
in relation to the Bali 2000 pro and contra debate in the last weeks
(regardless of the final location of the 9 ICRS) the situation analysis
below by J.M. Daniels might be of interest to the coral listers, who asked
for news regarding the situation on Bali based on last weeks news reports.
Jan H. Steffen
----------
>From: "Bali Update" <baliupdate@visit-bali.com>
>Subject: BALI UPDATE #162
>Date: Son, 24. Okt 1999 17:16 Uhr
>
>=============================
>THE SITUATION IN BALI
>=============================
>Last Thursday, the peace that Bali had so proudly boasted throughout the
>current national democratization process was breached. The strong community
>values founded on Hindu principles of harmony, gave way during a frenetic 24
>hours period of street marches, blocked roads and the destruction of several
>government offices and other buildings.
>
>Anger and frustration formed the basis for random acts of outrage. The
>people of Bali initially saw the presidential victory in Parliamentary
>voting by Gus Dur over Megawati Sukarnoputri on Wednesday as an attempt to
>deny the popular will for "Mega's" election to a position of senior power in
>the government. On the Thursday morning following the presidential vote,
>citizens began to gather in the capital city of Denpasar and other municipal
>areas of the island.  Their exasperation gradually transformed into action
>as demonstrators burnt tires on main roads, ripped out traffic signs and
>streetlights and felled trees in an effort to bring traffic on the island to
>an absolute standstill. In Denpasar and in the northern city of Singaraja,
>regional and provincial government offices were attacked and burnt. A
>shopping center and several bank offices were also damaged.
>
>As in the past, foreign visitors and tourist areas were not the targets of
>the crowds' anger. Unfortunately, tourist services did suffer as tour busses
>and limousines were caught in the gridlock and forced to disembark
>passengers on blocked streets where the hapless holiday makers tried to walk
>back to their hotels or the airport. Some quick-thinking operators did
>manage to intercept their tours via hand phone, diverting transportation to
>upper island hotels rather than risk the trip back past blockaded highways.
>Those tourists walking through the barricaded streets were not molested by
>the protestors who took pains to make it clear they had no quarrel with
>foreign visitors.
>
>The single incident involving a foreign entity occurred on Thursday
>afternoon when the Australian Consulate in Denpasar was stoned. Consulate
>officials in Denpasar were quick to point out, however, that they did not
>see the event as an expression of anti-Australian sentiment. Prior to the
>stoning, representatives from the demonstrators visited the consulate to
>assure them they had nothing to fear as the protests were about the election
>process, not Australian-Indonesian political relations. In fact, in a formal
>statement issued by the Consulate, the stone  throwing attack was depicted
>as the result of nearby roads being blocked to protestors who had already
>been in the hot sun for 3 hours. A spontaneous act, there was no chanting of
>anti-Australian slogans or threats prior to the stoning of the consulate by
>the passing parade.
>
>The cause of the protest and its final solution both took place within a
>single time frame of just 24 hours. On Thursday evening, "Ibu" Megawati was
>elected to the Vice President's post and within minutes of the poll's
>results being broadcast on national television, street protests gradually
>turned into street parties. Rice wine sales were brisk as Balinese
>celebrated the election of a woman who rightly claims family roots in Bali.
>
>With the light of day on Friday morning, Bali began its struggle back to
>normalcy. Local village councils, often assisted by workers from local
>hotels and restaurants,  cooperated to remove debris and barricades from the
>streets, allowing traffic once again to resume its normal flow.
>
>Bali, which had so carefully maintained the peace over the past year and one
>half, lost in a single day its right to claim a largely unblemished record
>of political unrest. To have failed in the 11th hour to maintain the peace
>before the dawning of a "new Indonesia," has left many residents of the
>island bitterly disappointed and genuinely embarrassed by any inconvenience
>caused to its foreign visitors.
>
>The good news is, however, very good indeed. The many months of biding time,
>as we watched developments on the national political stage is now over.
>Political pundits are for the first time unable to identify the next
>"political crisis" awaiting Indonesia. While the many economic and social
>political restructuring issues still loom ahead, those occupying the lead
>positions of power are empowered to find solutions and take remedial steps
>in the name of and on behalf of the people of the Republic.
>
>Moreover, Indonesia now has a President and Vice-President who openly refer
>to themselves as a "brother-sister" team. Together they represent the most
>popular and pluralistically possible  outcome to Indonesia's first fair and
>open election process. Indonesians, from an unprecedented wide spectrum of
>religious, cultural and economic backgrounds, appear united in their
>enthusiastic support of the country's new leaders who promise to create an
>open government responsive to the needs of the public.
>
>Yesterday, while thinking about how to relate the recent events in this
>edition of the Bali Update, it suddenly dawned on me that precisely because
>of the events of the past few days, Bali is now somehow a very changed
>place.  A tentative, halting approach to the future has been replaced,
>almost overnight, by a sense of hope and upbeat enthusiasm about the
>nation's future.
>
>Full speed ahead. God speed Indonesia.
>
>Now may really be the time to visit the island of the Gods to witness the
>rebirth of a nation.
>
>Bali . . .truly NOW, better than ever.
>J.M. Daniels Editor/ Chairman PATA BALI CHAPTER
>editor@visit-bali.com
>Telephone: 62 - (0) 361 - 286283 Facsimile: 62 - (0) 361 - 286284
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Oct 25 20:08:17 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id UAA22662 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 25 Oct 1999 20:08:16 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA14858; Mon, 25 Oct 1999 20:16:32 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma014842; Mon, 25 Oct 99 20:16:00 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 25 Oct 1999 20:12:29 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id AAA64628; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 00:02:18 GMT
Received: from pearl.aims.gov.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id UAA86430; Mon, 25 Oct 1999 20:02:05 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from coral3.aims.gov.au ([138.7.35.86])
	by pearl.aims.gov.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id KAA26524
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 10:04:17 +1000 (EST)
Message-Id: <3.0.5.32.19991026083635.008ce860@email.aims.gov.au>
X-Sender: tdone@email.aims.gov.au
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0.5 (32)
Date: Tue, 26 Oct 1999 08:36:35 +1000
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Terry Done <tdone@aims.gov.au>
Subject: ISRS note on Bali 2000
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Terry Done <tdone@aims.gov.au>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 684
Dear listers,
Just a brief note to thank you for your patience. ISRS is going full ahead
with the development of a draft program. Please check out the Symposium Web
site at www.nova.edu/ocean/9ICRS for the latest draft program and and
updated message.
To learn more about ISRS, visit our web site at www.uncwil.edu/isrs
Regards,
Terry Done
Dr Terry Done
Leader Sustaining Coral Reefs Project
Australian Institute of Marine Science
PMB #3 Mail Centre,
Townsville Qld          4810
Australia
Phone 61 7 47 534 344
Fax   61 7 47 725 852
email: tdone@aims.gov.au
WEBSITE for 9th International Coral Reef Symposium
www.nova.edu/ocean/9icrs
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Oct 26 10:11:52 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA03738 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 10:11:51 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA17681; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 10:17:25 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma017580; Tue, 26 Oct 99 10:16:38 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 10:12:26 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA62638; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 13:53:13 GMT
Received: from seas.marine.usf.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id JAA90866; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 09:53:08 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from fio1 (fio1.marine.usf.edu [131.247.138.150])
	by seas.marine.usf.edu (8.9.1a/8.9.1) with SMTP id JAA15179
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 09:55:25 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: <3.0.5.32.19991026095524.008239b0@marine.usf.edu>
X-Sender: jogden@marine.usf.edu
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.5 (32)
Date: Tue, 26 Oct 1999 09:55:24 -0400
To: Coral List <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: "John C. Ogden" <jogden@seas.marine.usf.edu>
Subject: Still Time for OMB Letter
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "John C. Ogden" <jogden@seas.marine.usf.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 685
You may have heard this morning that the President vetoed the Commerce
budget from which the NOAA coral reefs programs had been zeroed.  As I
understand it this means that there is still time to get to the House and
Senate Appropriations Chairs and particularly to Jack Lew, Director of OMB
per my earlier message.
****************************************************************************
John C. Ogden, Ph.D., Director		Tel: 727/553-1100
Florida Institute of Oceanography		Fax: 727/553-1109
830 First Street South
St. Petersburg, FL 33701 USA	Web page: http://www.marine.usf.edu/FIO
****************************************************************************
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Oct 26 10:11:53 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA03744 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 10:11:53 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA17683; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 10:17:26 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma017581; Tue, 26 Oct 99 10:16:39 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 10:12:26 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA91039; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 13:56:16 GMT
Received: from mafalda.univalle.edu.co by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id JAA62609; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 09:56:06 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from mafalda.univalle.edu.co (biomarina7.cie.univalle.edu.co [192.168.20.51])
	by mafalda.univalle.edu.co (8.9.0/8.9.0) with ESMTP id IAA05661
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 08:58:20 -0500 (GMT)
Message-Id: <3815B311.E25485AE@mafalda.univalle.edu.co>
Date: Tue, 26 Oct 1999 08:56:33 -0500
From: "Edgardo Londo?o Cruz" <edlocruz@mafalda.univalle.edu.co>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.04 [en] (Win95; I)
To: Coral List <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Strange organism perforing coral, help!!!
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Edgardo Londo?o Cruz" <edlocruz@mafalda.univalle.edu.co>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from Quoted-Printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id KAA03744
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 686
Dear Coral Listers,
I am currently working on a bioerosion project in a reef located in the
Pacific coast of Colombia. I have found an 'organism' boring my samples
and I have not been able to identify it. I presume it can be a
crustacean since I am sure it is nor a mollusk neither a worm
(polychaete or sipunculid). If anybody is interested I can submit a
couple of images of it directly. Thank you very much for your
cooperation.
Edgardo Londoo Cruz
M.Sc. Candidate
University of Valle
Cali, Colombia.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Oct 26 13:49:49 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA11551 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 13:49:49 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA09192; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 13:55:24 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma009100; Tue, 26 Oct 99 13:54:52 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 13:51:21 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA92178; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 17:26:45 GMT
Received: from vxe.ocis.uncwil.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA68066; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 13:26:28 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from szmanta.bio.uncwil.edu (szmanta.bio.uncwil.edu [152.20.28.70])
 by uncwil.edu (PMDF V5.2-32 #28112)
 with SMTP id <01JHLBLK1Z2O8Y58Q1@uncwil.edu> for
 coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 13:28:41 EDT
Date: Tue, 26 Oct 1999 13:15:27 -0400
From: "Alina M. Szmant" <szmanta@uncwil.edu>
Subject: Ichthyology position open at UNCW
X-Sender: szmanta@pop.uncwil.edu
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Message-Id: <3.0.32.19991026131527.00716d90@pop.uncwil.edu>
MIME-version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0 (32)
Content-type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Alina M. Szmant" <szmanta@uncwil.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 687
ICHTHYOLOGIST, tenure track, Assistant Professor beginning August 2000. The
successful candidate will teach at the undergraduate and graduate levels
including a course in ichthyology, maintain an extramurally funded research
program and direct graduate students. Candidates with experience in marine
fish ecology, behavior, or physiology are encouraged to apply. A Ph.D. and
post-doctoral experience are required.
Send curriculum vitae, a brief statement of teaching and research
interests, all transcripts, names of three references and selected reprints
by 15 November, 1999 to Dr. Ileana E. Clavijo, Chair Search Committee,
Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at
Wilmington, Wilmington NC, 28403-3297. Please see our web pages at
www.uncwil.edu/bio/ for additional information or contact
clavijo@uncwil.edu. UNCW is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action
Employer. Minorities and women are encouraged to apply.
*******************************************************************
PRESENT ADDRESS:
Dr. Alina M. Szmant
Professor of Biology, and Coral Reef Research
Department of Biological Sciences
University of North Carolina at Wilmington
601 South College Road
Wilmington  NC  28403
tel:  (910)962-7574  fax:  (910)962-4066
email:  szmanta@uncwil.edu
******************************************************************
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Oct 26 15:00:27 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA15292 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 15:00:26 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA16160; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 15:08:43 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma016100; Tue, 26 Oct 99 15:07:45 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 15:04:27 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA92575; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 18:45:07 GMT
Received: from mail.rdc1.il.home.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@reef.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA88149; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 14:44:48 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from c27294-a ([24.6.203.73]) by mail.rdc1.il.home.com
          (InterMail v4.01.01.00 201-229-111) with ESMTP
          id <19991026184702.NDZC28125.mail.rdc1.il.home.com@c27294-a>
          for <coral-list@reef.aoml.noaa.gov>;
          Tue, 26 Oct 1999 11:47:02 -0700
Message-Id: <4.2.0.58.19991026133753.00a2c190@mail.iowact1.ia.home.com>
X-Sender: oshad@mail.iowact1.ia.home.com
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 4.2.0.58
Date: Tue, 26 Oct 1999 13:48:06 -0500
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Osha Gray Davidson <osha@pobox.com>
Subject: Fax to Congress
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"; format=flowed
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Osha Gray Davidson <osha@pobox.com>
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id PAA15292
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 688
Dear List-members,
As per John Ogden's recent message, and by way of example (for what it's
worth), here is the message I just sent to each of the following individuals:
Congressman Harold Rogers (Fax: 202-225-0940)
Congressman Jose Serano (Fax: 202-225-6001)
Congressman Bill Young (Fax: 202-225-9764)
Senator Judd Gregg (Fax: 202-224-4952)
Senator Fritz Hollings (Fax: 202-224-4293)
I haven't yet been able to get through to OMB director Jack Lew at
202-395-3888. Anyone know if there's another number?
I encourage each of you to contact these people ASAP.
=================================
Dear Senator Hollings,
Im writing in strong support of funding for coral reef initiatives in the
Commerce Department funding bill. These biological treasures need and
deserve full funding as requested by NOAA and the Administration. Im not a
marine biologist, but Ive been diving around reefs long enough to know
their incalculable valueand, unfortunately, to know the many threats that
may spell their destruction.
Since Im not a scientist, a brief word about my background is probably in
order. As a science writer, I spent over a year traveling to reefs around
the world, diving on them, interviewing scientists who are studying them,
and talking with local people whose livelihoods depend upon coral reefs.
The resulting book, "The Enchanted Braid: Coming to Terms with Nature on
the Coral Reef," was a finalist for the BP Natural World Book Prize, a
Discovery Channel Editors Choice, and is being made into a documentary by
a Hong Kong -based company.
Youve probably heard coral reefs called the rainforests of the sea. I
believe that understates the importance of reefs. They are far more
biodiverse at higher levels of taxa than are rainforests, and they play a
tremendously important role in maintaining the integrity and life of the
sea. Nowwhen coral reefs are experiencing unprecedented losses, and when
scientists are just beginning to decipher the extraordinary secrets of this
important ecosystemis not the time to withdraw or seriously diminish
funding for reef projects. If anything, this is the precisely the time to
increase such funding.
Thank you for your attention in this important matter.
Sincerely,
Osha Gray Davidson
Osha Gray Davidson
Adjunct Assistant Professor
International Programs, University of Iowa
14 S. Governor St.
Iowa City, IA 52240
Phone: 319-338-4778
http://members.home.net/oshad/books.htm
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Oct 26 17:38:21 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA20439 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 17:38:21 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA00249; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 17:46:37 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma000224; Tue, 26 Oct 99 17:46:22 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 17:42:53 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA93661; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 21:24:41 GMT
Received: from picea.cnr.colostate.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA89763; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 17:24:23 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from fwb-148 (fwb-148 [129.82.184.148])
	by picea.cnr.colostate.edu (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id PAA22995
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 15:26:38 -0600 (MDT)
Message-Id: <199910262126.PAA22995@picea.cnr.colostate.edu>
Comments: Authenticated sender is <rcook@picea.cnr.colostate.edu>
From: "Rose Cook" <rcook@cnr.colostate.edu>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Date: Tue, 26 Oct 1999 15:20:41 +300
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT
Subject: NOAA budget to Congress
Priority: normal
X-mailer: Pegasus Mail for Win32 (v2.42)
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Rose Cook" <rcook@cnr.colostate.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 689
Dear Coral-listers,
Regarding John Ogden's request for Fax messages to Congress in regard
to the NOAA appropriations bill, and following Osha Gray Davidson's
lead, I am attaching the message I sent to
the following individuals.  Please feel free to use any portion of
it in your letters.
Jack Lew
Director, Office of Management and Budget
Fax: 202-395-3888
Congressmen, with Fax Numbers
Harold Rogers (202-225-0940)
Jose Serano (202-225-6001)
Bill Young (202-225-9764)
Senators
Judd Gregg (202-224-4952)
Fritz Hollings (202-224-4293)
I was able to get through to Lew at the above number around 12:30
Mountain Time.
Hon. Director Lew;
I am writing today out of serious concern for the future of our
Nation's coral reefs.  As you may know, coral reefs support the
highest diversity of life in the oceans and are invaluable to us as
sources of  recreation, inspiration, and beauty.  Coral reefs shelter
coastlines and provide us with an important source of food, and what
is potentially an invaluable wealth of medicinal compounds.
Today, coral reefs in the United States and around the world are
gravely threatened with massive loss and deterioration.  As an
American citizen, I am pleased to know that coral reefs exist in my
country and glad that we as Americans have an opportunity to preserve and
protect these miracles of nature.  But I also am aware of the threats
reefs face from many sources: pollution, destructive fishing
practices, and global warming to name a few.  I also know that because
of their extremely slow growth rates, coral reefs may take thousands
of years to return once lost.  I find it impossible to believe that
funding to protect and restore these irreplaceable treasures of ours,
has been left out of the Fiscal Year 2000 budget from Congress.
NOAA's budget contained a request for a relatively small amount of
money - $12 million dollars for conservation and restoration of our
Nation's reefs.  The Senate funded half of this, but Congress provided
nothing.  The current budget before the President contains no funding
for coral reef protection.  I urge you to act now and do whatever is
in your power to ensure that coral reef protection programs are well
funded in the coming year and into the future.  Extinction in the
ocean is very possible.  Once our reefs are gone, we may never see
them again.  This matter is extremely urgent.  Please do whatever you
can now.  Thank you very much.
Sincerely,
Rosamonde Cook
Rosamonde Cook
Postdoctoral Fellow
Department of Fishery and Wildlife Biology
Colorado State University
Fort Collins, CO  80523
email: rcook@cnr.colostate.edu
phone: 970-491-5901
fax: 970-491-5091
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Oct 27 08:38:19 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA00380 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 27 Oct 1999 08:38:18 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA01953; Wed, 27 Oct 1999 08:46:37 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xmaa01797; Wed, 27 Oct 99 08:45:38 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 27 Oct 1999 08:42:28 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA01299; Wed, 27 Oct 1999 12:25:38 GMT
Received: from pearl.aims.gov.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id IAA01295; Wed, 27 Oct 1999 08:25:23 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from coral3.aims.gov.au (ppp-02.aims.gov.au [138.7.56.2])
	by pearl.aims.gov.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id WAA27568
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 27 Oct 1999 22:27:34 +1000 (EST)
Message-Id: <3.0.5.32.19991027212546.00819e60@email.aims.gov.au>
X-Sender: tdone@email.aims.gov.au
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0.5 (32)
Date: Wed, 27 Oct 1999 21:25:46 +1000
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Terry Done <tdone@aims.gov.au>
Subject: Correct address for 9 ICRS Web site
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/enriched; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Terry Done <tdone@aims.gov.au>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 690
Dear Listers,
I inadvertantly gave the incorrect URL for the 9 ICRS Web site, where the
most recent information is posted. It is
<center>www.nova.edu/ocean/9icrs (i.e. all lower case).
</center>Regards,
Terry Done
President
ISRS
Dr Terry Done
Leader Sustaining Coral Reefs Project
Australian Institute of Marine Science
PMB #3 Mail Centre,
Townsville Qld          4810
Australia
Phone 61 7 47 534 344
Fax   61 7 47 725 852
email: tdone@aims.gov.au
WEBSITE for 9th International Coral Reef Symposium
www.nova.edu/ocean/9icrs
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Oct 27 18:29:59 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id SAA04566 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 27 Oct 1999 18:29:58 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA20147; Wed, 27 Oct 1999 18:35:33 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma020108; Wed, 27 Oct 99 18:35:14 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 27 Oct 1999 18:31:46 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id WAA05964; Wed, 27 Oct 1999 22:07:19 GMT
Received: from mx.minitel.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id SAA05963; Wed, 27 Oct 1999 18:07:05 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from gmvtx1 (gmailvtx1.globalmail.net [192.168.220.100])
	by mx.minitel.net (8.9.3/[France Telecom Hebergement]) with SMTP id AAA09047
	for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Thu, 28 Oct 1999 00:09:19 +0200 (MET DST)
Date: Thu, 28 Oct 1999 00:09:19 +0200 (MET DST)
Message-Id: <199910272209.AAA09047@mx.minitel.net>
From: "MARTIN PECHEUX" <martinpecheux@minitel.net>
Received: from  by  with HTTP; Thu, 28 Oct 1999 00:09:19 +0200
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: ASK FOR LAST WORKS ON BLEACHING
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "MARTIN PECHEUX" <martinpecheux@minitel.net>
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id SAA04566
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 691
Dear all,
Before the last update of my
"Review on Coral Bleaching" (see at
www.essi.fr/~sander/Articles/Misc/Co
ral_Reef.html) and
submission to Atoll Res. Bull., I
will be glad to receive your last
publications since 1997 on this
subject, or preprints. Every
possibly related works are also
wellcome (global warming, CO2, reef
oceanography, photoinhibition, etc,
etc, etc...).
Thanks
Martin Pecheux
Nice University
15 bis, rue des Roses 06100 Nice
France
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Oct 28 05:13:58 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id FAA08692 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 28 Oct 1999 05:13:57 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id FAA12177; Thu, 28 Oct 1999 05:22:16 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma012154; Thu, 28 Oct 99 05:21:31 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 28 Oct 1999 05:17:59 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id JAA08854; Thu, 28 Oct 1999 09:02:03 GMT
Received: from www.specola.unifi.it by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id FAA08810; Thu, 28 Oct 1999 05:01:51 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from EVA.specola.unifi.it (unverified [150.217.45.174]) by www.specola.unifi.it
 (EMWAC SMTPRS 0.83) with SMTP id <B0000041595@www.specola.unifi.it>;
 Thu, 28 Oct 1999 11:05:28 +0200
Message-Id: <B0000041595@www.specola.unifi.it>
X-Sender: ganesh@www.specola.unifi.it
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 4.0.1
Date: Thu, 28 Oct 1999 11:04:51 +0100
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Gianna Innocenti <ganesh@www.specola.unifi.it>
Subject: Mombasa Mangrove Symposium
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Gianna Innocenti <ganesh@www.specola.unifi.it>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 692
Subject: Mombasa Mangrove Symposium
Dear Colleagues,
	A meeting will be held in Mombasa, 7-11 September 2000, on Mangrove
Macrobenthos and Macrofauna. Any paper dealing directly or indirectly with
mangrove fish, birds, mammals, crustaceans, insects, mollusks, annelids and
other invertebrates is more than welcome.
	Further information and a pre-registration form is available at:
http://www.specola.unifi.it/MMM/
Hoping to hear from you soon, I remain
Sincerely yours,
Marco Vannini
*********************************************************
International Meeting on Mangrove Macrobenthos (MMM)
Prof. Marco Vannini
director of the Museum of Zoology "La Specola"
of the University of Florence
via Romana 17 - 50125 Firenze
Italy
tel.  :    +39 55 2288251/9
fax   :    +39 55 225325
e-mail:   mmm@www.specola.unifi.it
http://www.unifi.it/unifi/msn/
********************************************************
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Oct 28 08:31:31 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA10796 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 28 Oct 1999 08:31:31 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA19806; Thu, 28 Oct 1999 08:39:51 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma019778; Thu, 28 Oct 99 08:39:29 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 28 Oct 1999 08:35:59 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA10217; Thu, 28 Oct 1999 12:25:13 GMT
Received: from tele-post-20.mail.demon.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id IAA10263; Thu, 28 Oct 1999 08:25:04 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from coralcay.demon.co.uk ([158.152.27.181] helo=coralcay.org)
	by tele-post-20.mail.demon.net with esmtp (Exim 2.12 #2)
	id 11goeA-000JTa-0K
	for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Thu, 28 Oct 1999 12:27:15 +0000
Received: from archelia.coralcay.demon.co.uk (dhcp13.coralcay.demon.co.uk [192.168.70.43])
	by coralcay.org (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id NAA07879
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 28 Oct 1999 13:27:11 +0100
Received: by localhost with Microsoft MAPI; Thu, 28 Oct 1999 13:29:23 +0100
Message-Id: <01BF2148.7265CF60.mb@coralcay.org>
From: Maria Beger <mb@coralcay.org>
To: "coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: =?us-ascii?Q?Conservation_Management_of_Eritrea=27s_Coastal=2C?==?us-ascii?Q?_Marine_and_Island_Biodiversity_Project?=
Date: Thu, 28 Oct 1999 13:29:21 +0100
Organization: Coral Cay Conservation
X-Mailer: Microsoft Internet E-mail/MAPI - 8.0.0.4211
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Maria Beger <mb@coralcay.org>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 693
Dear Coral list,
Please find attached a posting for the terms of reference for project
consultants for the Conservation Management of Eritrea's Coastal, Marine
and Island Biodiversity Project.  Please apply directly to Peter Raines on
fru@eol.com.er and do not reply to this email address.
Thanks Maria
CALL FOR PROJECT CONSULTANTS
Conservation Management of Eritrea's Coastal, Marine and Island
Biodiversity Project
The objective of this GEF-funded project is to ensure the conservation and
sustainable use of the globally significant biodiversity of Eritrea's
coastal, marine and island (CMI) ecosystems. These are currently threatened
by the rapid development of fisheries, tourism and oil exploration. The
project will facilitate: sustainable development of the CMI resources
through a participatory management framework; establishment of conservation
areas and species protection programmes; an operational information system;
and increased public awareness of the needs and benefits of CMI
biodiversity.  This nationally executed project is implemented by the
Ministry of Fisheries and commenced in January 1999.
During the first four years of the project a number of consultants will be
required to serve as short-term advisors to work in Eritrea at targeted
intervals throughout the life-time of the project, to provide overall
guidance and cohesion to training and assist the Chief Technical Advisor
(CTA) and project staff in integrated capacity building. The consultants
will also ensure that training is well integrated within and between all
project components and reaches out to target beneficiaries.
In Year 1 of the Project, a Coastal Marine Ecology Consultant and a Data
Management Consultant are required to undertake SWOT analyses (Strengths,
Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) of the relevant project components
and provide oversight and guidance for specific training courses. The SWOT
analyses will include human resources, technical capability, infrastructure
and resources, and outputs from these analyses will form an important basis
for future project implementation. The Consultants will serve as a direct
counterpart to the project's Geography Specialist and Conservation
Management Specialist.
1.	Coastal Marine Ecology Consultant
Qualifications and Experience
The Consultant will be suitably qualified and have extensive practical
experience in tropical CMI ecology and the acquisition, assimilation and
synthesis of survey and monitoring data and its application in CMI
management.
Training
The Consultant will help ensure that in-situ and ex-situ training related
to habitat surveys and monitoring is well coordinated, providing the
necessary level of skills and interconnectivity with other project
components, including those related to CMI planning, conservation of
habitats and species, and awareness of biodiversity values (practical
implementation of training courses will occur in subsequent project phas
es). Specifically, the Consultant will provide oversight and guidance on
the following courses:
Design and implementation of CMI survey and monitoring programmes.
Core components: CMI survey and monitoring techniques; design and
implementation of survey and monitoring programmes; habitat description and
classification schemes; data management, analysis and reporting (duration:
5 weeks in-situ).
Community Technician CMI environmental training course.
Core components: Habitat/species recognition and ecology; monitoring and
management methods (duration: 2 weeks in-situ).
Higher degrees (ex-situ)
Provide support and guidance for one MSc scholarship in the field of CMI
ecology.
Technical Guidance
The Consultant will review relevant activities within each project
component and provide general technical guidance and recommendations for
their implementation.  Specifically, the Consultant will:
Conduct a SWOT analysis of existing capacity (including: human resources;
survey and monitoring equipment; reference materials; data management
facilities) and provide detailed recommendations (with costing options and
procurement sources where relevant) and guidelines for improvement.
Conduct a SWOT analysis of the current CMI database and provide detailed
recommendations for improvements where necessary.
Assist with the development of focused habitat and monitoring programmes.
Identify all relevant regional and international CMI projects, monitoring
programmes and data exchange forums (including internet sites) with which
to share information.
2.	Data Management Consultant
Qualifications and Experience
The Consultant will be suitably qualified and have extensive experience of
CMI data management and the practical application of this data to
Integrated Coastal Zone Management and Protected Areas Management.  The
Consultant will have specific GIS expertise in: design and management; data
assimilation (including interpretation of reconnaissance satellite and
aerial imagery of CMI areas); and data synthesis, including mapping and
reporting formats for CMI management.
Training
The Consultant will help ensure that in-situ and ex-situ training related
to data management is well coordinated, providing the necessary level of
skills and interconnectivity with other project components including those
related to CMI planning, conservation of habitats and species, and
awareness of biodiversity values values (practical implementation of
training courses will occur in subsequent project phases). Specifically,
the Consultant will provide oversight and guidance on the following
courses:
GIS design, application and data management for integrated CMI management.
Core components: GIS database design and management; analysis and
interpretation techniques for CMI satellite and aerial imagery; mapping and
reporting formats; GIS applications to CMI management. (duration: 5 weeks
in-situ)
Higher degrees (ex-situ)
Provide support and guidance for two MSc and one PhD scholarships in the
field of Coastal & Marine Information Management and Monitoring, or related
subjects.
Technical Guidance
The Consultant will review relevant activities within each project
component and provide general technical guidance and recommendations for
their implementation.  Specifically, the Consultant will:
Conduct a SWOT analysis of the existing project GIS facility (including:
human resources; equipment; database structure; CMI data content; data
management, mapping and reporting formats; reference materials) and provide
detailed recommendations (with costing options and procurement sources,
where relevant) and suggested implementation guidelines for any necessary
modifications and improvements.
Conduct a SWOT analysis of the computer facilities within the existing
project headquarters and provide detailed recommendations (with costing
options and procurement sources, where relevant) and suggested implement
ation guidelines for any necessary modifications and improvements.
Assess and report on current CMI aerial/satellite coverage data sets and
recommend sources (with costing options) for acquisition of missing and/or
upgraded imagery.
Identify all relevant regional and international CMI projects, monitoring
programmes and data exchange forums (including internet sites) with which
to share information.
3	Outputs
Expected outputs from the Consultants will be in the form of presentations
to project staff and national counterparts whilst on mission and submission
of detailed and comprehensive post-mission written reports (digital
format). The deadline for the submission of all post-mission reports will
be seven days from the end of the contractual period.
4	Application and Appointment Procedures
The appointment is for a fixed period of four weeks with options for
continuation in subsequent years, subject to review.  The Consultants will
be required to spend up to three weeks on mission at the project base
(Massawa, Eritrea) and the remaining period home-based to undertake pre-,
and post-mission obligations.  The proposed dates for commencement of
contracts are either December 1999 or January 2000, subject to negotiation.
Consultants wishing to be considered for this post should submit a copy of
their c.v. (via email) to the CTA, along with a covering letter.
Contractual arrangements for the successful candidates will be coordinated
through the United Nations Office for Project Services (UNOPS).
		Peter Raines
		Chief Technical Advisor (UNDP)
		Email: fru@eol.com.er
Maria Beger
Asia Pacific Project Scientist
Coral Cay Conservation Ltd.
154 Clapham Park Road, London SW4 7DE, UK
Tel. +44 - 171- 498 6248
Fax. +44 - 171 - 498 8447
email: mb@coralcay.org
http://www.coralcay.org/
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Oct 28 10:02:47 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA13064 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 28 Oct 1999 10:02:47 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA29233; Thu, 28 Oct 1999 10:08:23 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma029099; Thu, 28 Oct 99 10:07:37 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 28 Oct 1999 10:04:07 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA11142; Thu, 28 Oct 1999 13:55:42 GMT
Received: from hotmail.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id JAA11057; Thu, 28 Oct 1999 09:55:36 -0400 (EDT)
Received: (qmail 42222 invoked by uid 0); 28 Oct 1999 13:57:53 -0000
Message-Id: <19991028135753.42221.qmail@hotmail.com>
Received: from 136.145.165.124 by www.hotmail.com with HTTP;
	Thu, 28 Oct 1999 06:57:52 PDT
X-Originating-IP: [136.145.165.124]
From: "antonio ortiz" <alortiz9@hotmail.com>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Population structure of Acropora
Date: Thu, 28 Oct 1999 06:57:52 PDT
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "antonio ortiz" <alortiz9@hotmail.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 694
Dear all:
I wondered to received more information about the biological status of
acroporids species, principally about the population dynamic of Acropora
palmata.  I'm doing some research on this area and at that moment I'm
collecting information about the population size using different mechanism,
number of parent colonies (standing colonies), number and size of fragments
or loose colonies generate by hurricane Georges.  Also, I have information
of fragment transport (previously tagged) during hurricane Georges. High
survival of fragments (>70% ) after one year suggested that fragmentation is
an efficient mechanism to increase the population densities of these specie.
  However, because asexuality is associated with both lowered genetic
variation and lowered evolutionary potential the next step of my research is
to estimate the genetic structure of the population.
I suggest that understanding the asexual and sexual reproduction of
individual coral species and the interrelationship between these phenomena
is vital to proposed management programs for coral specie/population
conservation. The maintenance of sufficient levels of genetic variation  is
the main objective of genetic management because is crucial for the
maintenance of a species' evolutionary potential.  Given the importance of
genetic variation for the long-term survival of coral populations, methods
and guidelines to measured genetic variation need to be developed . I would
suggest some strategies to management these populations based on the concept
of managing the effective size of a population.  It was suggested that the
larger the effective size, the smaller the rate of genetic loss.  In ideal
populations (i.e., populations that follow the Hardy-Weinberg model) the
effective size equals the population size.  However, due to the high
probabilities of asexually derived colonies within Acropora populations, the
effective population (Ne) may expected to be low than the population size
(N).
For a moment I'm going to use DNA fingerprinting as proposed by Mary A.
Coffroth to estimate the contributions of sexual and asexual reproduction to
the population structure.  But, how a made my sample collection is another
story and I will appreciate any recommendation.  Depending on sites/reef
Acropora palmata usually form an aggregate patch separate by other discrete
patch or colonies are widely disperse along the reef.  Those patch may be
expected to be compose by one or few genotypes.  The method used to collect
the sample need to fit both case.
If you have any information or recommendation please send me at the
following direction:
Antonio L. Ortiz
University of Puerto Rico
Department of Marine Science
Magueyes Island
P.O. Box 408
Lajas P.R. 00667
Or by Email: alortiz9@hotmail.com
I will appreciate your contribution.
Thanks,
Antonio
______________________________________________________
Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Oct 29 06:12:37 1999 -0400
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id GAA01084 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 29 Oct 1999 06:12:36 -0400 (EDT)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id GAA01498; Fri, 29 Oct 1999 06:18:13 -0400
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma001485; Fri, 29 Oct 99 06:17:25 -0400
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 29 Oct 1999 06:13:53 -0400
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id JAA47585; Fri, 29 Oct 1999 09:50:49 GMT
Received: from virgo.uninet.net.id by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id FAA47947; Fri, 29 Oct 1999 05:50:40 -0400 (EDT)
Received: (qmail 6969 invoked by uid 500); 29 Oct 1999 09:53:02 -0000
Received: from cisco050.uninet.net.id (HELO uninet.net.id) (202.145.1.235)
  by virgo.uninet.net.id with SMTP; 29 Oct 1999 09:53:02 -0000
Message-Id: <38196EFE.803EE7C6@uninet.net.id>
Date: Fri, 29 Oct 1999 16:55:12 +0700
From: Reef-99 <reef99@uninet.net.id>
Organization: Coral reef 99
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.03 [en] (Win95; I)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: coral reef 99
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Reef-99 <reef99@uninet.net.id>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 695
CORAL REEF 99
still go a head pls. visit www.coralreef99.or.id
organizing committee
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov  1 18:30:00 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id SAA16461 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 1 Nov 1999 18:29:59 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA02698; Mon, 1 Nov 1999 18:35:38 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma002681; Mon, 1 Nov 99 18:35:21 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 1 Nov 1999 18:31:51 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id XAA89398; Mon, 1 Nov 1999 23:03:54 GMT
Received: from taro.poi.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id SAA96202; Mon, 1 Nov 1999 18:03:41 -0500 (EST)
Received: from bob (max2-42.poi.net [209.213.40.61])
	by taro.poi.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id MAA38138;
	Mon, 1 Nov 1999 12:17:00 -1000 (HST)
	(envelope-from bob@westpacfisheries.net)
Message-Id: <015201bf24b8$4f5de840$1e28d5d1@bob>
From: "Bob Endreson" <bob@westpacfisheries.net>
To: "FISHCOM" <FISHCOM@cgnet.com>
Subject: Full Hous Votes
Date: Mon, 1 Nov 1999 12:21:56 -1000
Organization: Western Pacific Fisheries Coalition
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/mixed;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0141_01BF2463.B04C0EC0"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2314.1300
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Bob Endreson" <bob@westpacfisheries.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 696
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_0141_01BF2463.B04C0EC0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_001_0142_01BF2463.B05CD7A0"
------=_NextPart_001_0142_01BF2463.B05CD7A0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
11/01/99
Full House votes to stop shark finning=20
Today in a unanimous voice vote on the floor of the House of =
Representatives in Washington D.C., Congress voted to endorse a ban on =
the practice of shark finning in all US waters.
What started as a grass roots campaign 18 months ago here in the Hawaii =
State Legislature with legislation being introduced by Rep. Brian =
Schatz, has turned into a global debate and scrutiny of the wasteful =
practice being condoned by the Western Pacific Regional Fisheries =
Management Council here in Hawaii.
Although the House Concurrent resolution (# 189) does not have the force =
of law to stop the process, it does give credibility to those here in =
Hawaii that have been fighting for a immediate ban. Both the Hawaii =
Fishermen's Foundation and the Hawaii Audubon Society along with the =
Office of Hawaii Affairs, The Big Island Fishermen's Association, the =
Environmental Defense Fund, Earth Justice Legal Defense Fund and =
thousands of others here and around the world can feel a sense of pride =
that our actions have now been formally supported by Congress.
This resolution is only the first step. Although Congress may decide to =
draft more legislation to ban shark finning, we are hopeful that after =
two stern warnings to "stop finning immediately" from the Department of =
Commerce to the WESPAC Fisheries Council, that the Department of =
Commerce will soon step in as a result of the Council not taking action. =
Along with this latest endorsement from Congress, NMFS has the broad =
based support to take control of shark management in the Western =
Pacific.
This is a significant event in the course of fisheries management as =
today's actions by Congress supports the public's call for sound and =
practical management of all fisheries both here in Hawaii and in all US =
waters.
------=_NextPart_001_0142_01BF2463.B05CD7A0
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D"MSHTML 5.00.2314.1000" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><B>
<P></B><B>11/01/99</P></B><FONT face=3D"Times New"></FONT><B><FONT =
size=3D5>
<P align=3Dcenter><FONT size=3D3>Full House votes to stop shark finning=20
</FONT></P></B></FONT><U>
<P align=3Dcenter></P></U>
<P>Today in a unanimous voice vote on the floor of the House of =
Representatives=20
in Washington D.C., Congress voted to endorse a ban on the practice of =
shark=20
finning in all US waters.</P>
<P>What started as a grass roots campaign 18 months ago here in the =
Hawaii State=20
Legislature with legislation being introduced by Rep. Brian Schatz, has =
turned=20
into a global debate and scrutiny of the wasteful practice being =
condoned by the=20
Western Pacific Regional Fisheries Management Council here in =
Hawaii.</P>
<P>Although the House Concurrent resolution (# 189) does not have the =
force of=20
law to stop the process, it does give credibility to those here in =
Hawaii that=20
have been fighting for a immediate ban. Both the Hawaii =
Fishermen&#8217;s Foundation=20
and the Hawaii Audubon Society along with the Office of Hawaii Affairs, =
The Big=20
Island Fishermen&#8217;s Association, the Environmental Defense Fund, =
Earth Justice=20
Legal Defense Fund and thousands of others here and around the world can =
feel a=20
sense of pride that our actions have now been formally supported by=20
Congress.</P>
<P>This resolution is only the first step. Although Congress may decide =
to draft=20
more legislation to ban shark finning, we are hopeful that after two =
stern=20
warnings to "stop finning immediately" from the Department of Commerce =
to the=20
WESPAC Fisheries Council, that the Department of Commerce will soon step =
in as a=20
result of the Council not taking action.&nbsp;Along with this latest =
endorsement=20
from Congress, NMFS has the broad based support to take control of shark =
management in the Western Pacific.</P>
<P>This is a significant event in the course of fisheries management as =
today&#8217;s=20
actions by Congress supports the public&#8217;s call for sound and =
practical=20
management of all fisheries both here in Hawaii and in all US=20
waters.</P></DIV></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_001_0142_01BF2463.B05CD7A0--
------=_NextPart_000_0141_01BF2463.B04C0EC0
Content-Type: text/x-vcard;
	name="www.westpacfisheries.net.vcf"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename="www.westpacfisheries.net.vcf"
BEGIN:VCARD
VERSION:2.1
N:;www.westpacfisheries.net
FN:www.westpacfisheries.net
ORG:Bob Endreson..........Western Pacific Fisheries Coalition
TEL;WORK;VOICE:808-254-5900
TEL;WORK;FAX:808-254-5404
URL:http://www.westpacfisheries.net
URL:http://www.westpacfisheries.net
EMAIL;PREF;INTERNET:bob@westpacfisheries.net
EMAIL;INTERNET:bob@westpacfisheries.net
REV:19991101T222155Z
END:VCARD
------=_NextPart_000_0141_01BF2463.B04C0EC0--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Nov  2 15:14:00 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA02040 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 2 Nov 1999 15:14:00 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA06072; Tue, 2 Nov 1999 15:22:25 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma006016; Tue, 2 Nov 99 15:22:12 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 2 Nov 1999 15:18:35 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA12182; Tue, 2 Nov 1999 20:02:58 GMT
Date: Tue, 2 Nov 1999 20:02:58 GMT
Message-Id: <199911022002.UAA12182@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: Roger Griffis <Roger.B.Griffis@noaa.gov>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: A National Action Plan to Conserve Coral Reefs
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Roger Griffis <Roger.B.Griffis@hdq.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 697
To see a copy of the document, "A National Action Plan to Conserve Coral
Reefs," presented at the Third Meeting of the Coral Reef Task Force in St.
Croix, Virgin Islands, on November 2, 1999, please visit this URL:
	http://biogeo.nos.noaa.gov/crtf/
--------------
Roger Griffis
Office of Policy and Strategic Planning
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
U.S. Department of Commerce
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Nov  2 15:56:38 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA02702 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 2 Nov 1999 15:56:37 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA09077; Tue, 2 Nov 1999 16:02:15 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma009050; Tue, 2 Nov 99 16:02:09 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 2 Nov 1999 15:58:27 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA12406; Tue, 2 Nov 1999 20:49:26 GMT
Message-Id: <199911022049.UAA12406@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: "Coats, Sean" <Scoats@flaquarium.org>
To: "'Coral list'" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Budding in Montastrea cavernosa.
Date: Tue, 2 Nov 1999 10:32:37 -0500
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Coats, Sean" <Scoats@flaquarium.org>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 698
Has anyone ever witnessed or documented asexual budding in Montastrea
cavernosa?  I have read of several Pacific species that have exhibited
this type of reproduction, but have not found any literature on
Caribbean species.  If any of you have any information on this, please
email me the source.  My email is scoats@flaquarium.org.  Thanks for
your help.
R. Sean Coats
Sr. Biologist
The Florida Aquarium, Inc
701 Channelside Dr.
Tampa, FL 33602
(813) 273-4158
scoats@flaquarium.org
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Nov  2 15:56:40 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA02709 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 2 Nov 1999 15:56:37 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA09079; Tue, 2 Nov 1999 16:02:17 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma009049; Tue, 2 Nov 99 16:02:08 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 2 Nov 1999 15:58:26 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA12848; Tue, 2 Nov 1999 20:48:26 GMT
Message-Id: <199911022048.UAA12848@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Tue, 02 Nov 1999 00:20:59 -0500
From: Billy Causey <Billy.Causey@noaa.gov>
Organization: FKNMS
To: Coral-List <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>, AllOCRMHQ@ocrmhq.nos.noaa.gov,
        NMSFieldStaff@ocrmhq.nos.noaa.gov
Subject: Florida Keys NMS Education Coord
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Billy Causey <billy.causey@noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 699
Greetings,
This note is to inform you that the Florida Keys National Marine
Sanctuary is advertising for an Education Coordinator.  The position
description and other information is given below or in the attachment:
U.S. Office of Personnel Management
        Norfolk Service Center
        Federal Building
        200 Granby Street
        Norfolk, VA  23510-1886
        (757) 441-3355
                           VACANCY ANNOUNCEMENT #AN92329
        POSITION: Education Coordinator, GS-1701-11            SALARY:
$39,960 -
                                                               $51,946
        AGENCY:   Department of Commerce          DUTY LOCATION:
Marathon, FL
                  National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
        WHO MAY APPLY: Any U.S. Citizen              VACANCIES: 1
        OPENING DATE: October 6, 1999                CLOSING DATE:
November 12, 1999
        APPLICATION MATERIALS MUST BE POSTMARKED BY THE CLOSING
        DATE
        Major Duties of the Position:  This position is located in the
Marine
        Sanctuaries Division (MSD) of the Office of Ocean and Coastal
Resource Management
        (OCRM). The MSD is responsible for the designation and
management of a
        nationwide system of marine sanctuaries based on the
identification and designation of
        special marine areas for the long-term benefit of the public.
On-site programs for
        research, education and resource protection are carried out to
further the mission of the
        National Marine Sanctuary Program.  The incumbent of this
position serves as the on-
        site Education Coordinator assigned to one of the program's
sanctuaries, and reports
        to the Sanctuary Superintendent in the implementation of on-site
programs,
        particularly in the area of education of the public on matters
related to the Sanctuary.
        Special Requirements: May be required to become a NOAA certified
scuba diver.
        Qualification Requirements: To qualify for this position,
applicants must
        possess a bachelor's or graduate degree that included or was
supplemented by major
        study in education or marine science, OR have an equivalent
combination of education
        and directly related experience, where course work would be
considered to be
        equivalent to a major in education or marine science.  The total
background must
        provide the equivalent knowledge that would be gained through
completion of a
        bachelor's degree in the field.  IN ADDITION to the education
requirement, applicants
        must have at least one year of specialized experience that
provided the knowledge,
        skills, and abilities to successfully perform the duties of the
position, including
        knowledge of marine science and/or resource management issues,
and knowledge of
        education program development and evaluation. Experience must
have included
        facilitating and coordinating community education efforts;
developing and evaluating
        sanctuary or coastal education activities; providing
community-based education on
        sanctuary or coastal ecology and resource usage; and, reviewing
and analyzing the
        objectives and progress of education programs, and devising
modifications to correct
        any identified deficiencies.   To be creditable, specialized
experience must have been
        equivalent to at least the next lower grade level in the Federal
service, as
        characterized by  the scope and level of difficulty of the
duties performed.
        Basis of Rating: Applicants will be rated based upon an
evaluation of their
        application form or r^=C2sum^=C2 and responses to the Supplemental
Qualifications
        Statement Questionnaire. Narrative work experience descriptions
in the
        application/r^=C2sum^=C2 must support the level of experience claim=
ed
on the questionnaire.
        Failure to provide supporting documentation may result in
receipt of a lower or
        ineligible rating.
        Equal Employment Opportunity: All applicants for Federal
employment receive
        consideration without regard to race, religion, color, national
origin, sex,
        political affiliation, or any other non-merit factor.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Nov  2 21:15:09 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id VAA06490 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 2 Nov 1999 21:15:08 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA27228; Tue, 2 Nov 1999 21:23:34 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma027202; Tue, 2 Nov 99 21:22:59 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 2 Nov 1999 21:19:29 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id CAA14060; Wed, 3 Nov 1999 02:04:58 GMT
Received: from bishop.bishopmuseum.org by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id VAA14314; Tue, 2 Nov 1999 21:04:48 -0500 (EST)
Received: from bernice.bishopmuseum.org (bernice.bishopmuseum.org [128.171.128.9]) by bishop.bishopmuseum.org (AIX4.2/UCB 8.7/8.7) with SMTP id OAA28168 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 2 Nov 1999 14:04:24 -1000 (HST)
Received: from psa2 by bernice.bishopmuseum.org (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4)
	id OAA18277; Tue, 2 Nov 1999 14:05:20 -1000
Message-Id: <3.0.5.32.19991102140523.0089ad00@bishop.bishop.hawaii.org>
X-Sender: slcoles@bishop.bishop.hawaii.org
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.5 (32)
Date: Tue, 02 Nov 1999 14:05:23 -1000
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Steve Coles <slcoles@bishop.bishop.hawaii.org>
Subject: Address
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Steve Coles <slcoles@bishop.bishop.hawaii.org>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 700
Greetings all,
Does anyone have an address or email for Dr. Cristobal Rios Arbuerne in
Cuba?  Thanks for the help.
Steve Coles
Bishop Museum
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Nov  3 12:07:03 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA15715 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 3 Nov 1999 12:07:02 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA04138; Wed, 3 Nov 1999 12:15:30 -0500
Received: from is1.nwn.noaa.gov(161.55.16.50) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma004121; Wed, 3 Nov 99 12:15:20 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by IS1.nwn.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 3 Nov 1999 09:12:16 -0800
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA18853; Wed, 3 Nov 1999 16:53:34 GMT
Received: from po4.wam.umd.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA15473; Wed, 3 Nov 1999 11:53:28 -0500 (EST)
Received: from rac1.wam.umd.edu (root@rac1.wam.umd.edu [128.8.10.141])
	by po4.wam.umd.edu (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id LAA14289;
	Wed, 3 Nov 1999 11:55:33 -0500 (EST)
Received: from rac1.wam.umd.edu (sendmail@localhost [127.0.0.1])
	by rac1.wam.umd.edu (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id LAA08033;
	Wed, 3 Nov 1999 11:55:31 -0500 (EST)
Received: from localhost (mkgolden@localhost)
	by rac1.wam.umd.edu (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id LAA08027;
	Wed, 3 Nov 1999 11:55:31 -0500 (EST)
X-Authentication-Warning: rac1.wam.umd.edu: mkgolden owned process doing -bs
Date: Wed, 3 Nov 1999 11:55:31 -0500 (EST)
From: Marykate Golden <mkgolden@wam.umd.edu>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, md59@umail.umd.edu, pebbler@erols.com,
        kh59@umail.umd.edu, lawriemd@hotmail.com,
        Anna Wittmann <annawittmann@yahoo.com>,
        Barrett Tyler Vitol <btvitol@yahoo.com>,
        brian badgley <bb135@umail.umd.edu>,
        chris drummond <drummond@wam.umd.edu>,
        Christina Thomas <chrisat@whs.sanjuan.k12.ut.us>,
        Dr Margaret Palmer <mp3@umail.umd.edu>,
        "Dr. Sebens" <ks95@umail.umd.edu>,
        jonathan <fordfallingstar@hotmail.com>, Lara Payne <laraji@juno.com>,
        nancy cushing <nc35@umail.umd.edu>
Subject: Hungry people
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.10.9911031152360.6280-100000@rac1.wam.umd.edu>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Marykate Golden <mkgolden@wam.umd.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 701
I urge you all to take time out of your busy days to check out this
website.  Help to feed people for free.
Katie
www.thehungersite.com
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Nov  3 12:35:19 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA16211 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 3 Nov 1999 12:35:17 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA06453; Wed, 3 Nov 1999 12:40:57 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma006198; Wed, 3 Nov 99 12:40:11 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 3 Nov 1999 12:36:11 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA19378; Wed, 3 Nov 1999 17:28:59 GMT
Received: from server.flaquarium.org by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA19356; Wed, 3 Nov 1999 12:28:52 -0500 (EST)
Received: by www.flaquarium.org with Internet Mail Service (5.0.1457.3)
	id <VN1FJTAV>; Wed, 3 Nov 1999 12:44:04 -0500
Message-Id: <D16ED1DEDB02D2119DF500805F50B23C21F21B@www.flaquarium.org>
From: "Coats, Sean" <Scoats@flaquarium.org>
To: "'Coral list'" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Asexual reproduction in Montastrea cavernosa
Date: Wed, 3 Nov 1999 12:44:03 -0500
X-Priority: 3
MIME-Version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.0.1457.3)
Content-Type: text/plain
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Coats, Sean" <Scoats@flaquarium.org>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 702
I have received several replies to my earlier question and it seems that
I need to clarify my question.  I have to apologize for not using the
correct terminology, but I do not know what else to call it.  One of our
M. cavernosa started forming bulbous projections on its surface about a
year ago.  Two weeks ago one of these projections started tearing away
from the main colony.  This "polyp ball" had formed its own skeleton.  I
cut the "ball" off of the main colony with scissors and placed it in a
holding system.  After one week it had four polyps.  I am assuming that
it will continue to grow and attach to the current substrate.  In
Delbeek and Sprung they describe this in Pacific species and call it
"coral balls".  Is there some other more scientific name for this type
of asexual reproduction?  Julian Sprung wrote be back and stated that he
had seen this phenomena in the wild, but I am looking for a literature
citation. Thanks and sorry again for the confusion.
R. Sean Coats
Sr. Biologist
The Florida Aquarium, Inc
701 Channelside Dr.
Tampa, FL 33602
(813) 273-4158
scoats@flaquarium.org
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Nov  4 20:18:51 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id UAA10678 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 4 Nov 1999 20:18:51 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA26812; Thu, 4 Nov 1999 20:27:20 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma026795; Thu, 4 Nov 99 20:26:37 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 4 Nov 1999 20:23:01 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id BAA03842; Fri, 5 Nov 1999 01:08:13 GMT
Received: from zool.zoo.hawaii.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id UAA03843; Thu, 4 Nov 1999 20:08:02 -0500 (EST)
Received: from kinzie.hawaii.edu (KINZIE [128.171.120.92]) by zool.zoo.hawaii.edu with SMTP (Microsoft Exchange Internet Mail Service Version 5.5.2448.0)
	id VYG7MRRX; Thu, 4 Nov 1999 15:05:08 -1000
Message-Id: <004001bf2729$cd7061e0$5c78ab80@hawaii.edu>
From: "Dr. Bob Kinzie" <rkinzie@zoology.zoo.hawaii.edu>
To: "'Coral list'" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Announcement about K-12 Fellowships
Date: Thu, 4 Nov 1999 15:05:08 -1000
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="us-ascii"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2314.1300
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Dr. Bob Kinzie" <rkinzie@zoology.zoo.hawaii.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 703
Here is an announcement for graduate fellowships for the EECB program at the
University of Hawaii
Bob Kinzie
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------
> The Center for Conservation Research & Training (CCRT) at the University
> of Hawaii has been awarded an NSF Training Grant to provide Graduate
> Research Fellowships to students admitted into the Ecology, Evolution, and
> Conservation Biology (EECB) Graduate Program. .  In addition to a minimum
> stipend of approximately $14,000/annum, the Graduate Fellows who are
> awarded fellowships will be provided with a stipend and a small amount of
> funds that can be used to carry out their own research in completing their
> degree requirements.  The Graduate Fellows will also be required to spend
> a minimum of 15 hours per week as partners and mentors to K-12 teachers
> and assist in teaching biology (from the perspective of evolutionary and
> conservation biology) to K-12 students.  It is expected they will
> integrate their research into their activities with K-12 teachers and
> students as much as possible.  Inquiries regarding the GK-12 Fellowship
> program can be directed to Dr.Ken Kaneshiro, Director of CCRT (phone
> 808-956-6739, email kykanesh@hawaii.edu); or to Dr. Sheila Conant, Chair
> of EECB (phone 808-956-8241; email conant@hawaii.edu); or send email
> request to Rena Duhl (duhl@hawaii.edu) for information packet about the
> EECB Graduate Program.    website:  http://www.hawaii.edu/eecb
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov  8 11:23:55 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA19926 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 8 Nov 1999 11:23:55 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA25809; Mon, 8 Nov 1999 11:32:27 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma025764; Mon, 8 Nov 99 11:32:13 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 8 Nov 1999 11:28:41 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA32443; Mon, 8 Nov 1999 15:54:42 GMT
Date: Mon, 8 Nov 1999 15:54:42 GMT
Message-Id: <199911081554.PAA32443@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: coral-list admin <jch@aoml.noaa.gov>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Welcome Message
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: coral-list admin <jch@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 704
Now and then the Welcome Message is circulated for the benefit of those
who have lost it:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Welcome to NOAA's Coral Health and Monitoring Program List-Server!
        SAVE THIS MESSAGE!  It has important information on subscribing
and unsubscribing from coral-list.
	The purpose of the Coral Health and Monitoring list-server is to
provide a forum for Internet discussions and announcements among coral
health researchers pertaining to coral reef health and monitoring
throughout the world.  The list is primarily for use by coral health
researchers and scientists.  Currently, about 1300 researchers are
subscribed to the list.  Appropriate subjects for discussion might
include:
	o  bleaching events
	o  outbreaks of coral diseases
	o  high predation on coral reefs
	o  environmental monitoring sites
	o  incidences of coral spawnings
	o  shipwrecks on reefs
	o  international meetings and symposia
	o  funding opportunities
	o  marine sanctuary news
	o  new coral-related publications
	o  announcements of college courses in coral reef ecology
	o  coral health initiatives
	o  new and historical data availability
	o  controversial topics in coral reef ecology
	o  recent reports on coral research
        Please do NOT post messages of a purely commercial nature, e.g.,
commercial dive trips or vacations at coral reef areas.  However, if you
are a non-profit organization wishing to publicize the existence of a
product of benefit to the coral research community, please do so.
-- To Subscribe to the List --
	Since you just got this message, you are already subscribed to the
list!  However, if you wish to instruct others how to subscribe to the
list, have them send e-mail to majordomo@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, with the
following message (only!) in the body of the text:
	subscribe coral-list
-- To Un-Subscribe from the List --
	To un-subscribe from the list, send e-mail to
majordomo@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, with the following message (only!) in the
body of the text:
	unsubscribe coral-list "Your Name" <your_address@your.domain>
-- To Post a Comment or Announcement --
	To post a message to the list, simply address your comments or
announcements to coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov.  The message will be
circulated to all members of the list.  The members may respond to you
directly, or post their comments to the list for all to read.  Please DO
NOT post messages with embedded HTML commands.  One of these days all mail
readers may use this feature, but many do not still, and such a message
may come out as garbage on a non-HTML compliant mail reader.
-- Coral-List Digest --
	If you prefer not to receive coral-list messages as they are
sent, but would rather receive a weekly digest of messages, please
send your messages for subscribing and unsubscribing to
majordomo@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, as above, only use coral-list-digest as
the list you'd like to subscribe to.  For instance, if you wanted to get
off the regular list, and on to the digest list, you'd send the following
message to majordomo@coral.aoml.noaa.gov:
	unsubscribe coral-list
	subscribe coral-list-digest
	Digest messages will be sent once a week, unless the number of
messages is over 55 KB in content, in which case a new digest will be
generated.
-- Help --
	To see a list of the functions and services available from the
list-server, send an e-mail message to majordomo@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, with
the following message (only!) in the body of the text:
	help
-- Other Coral Health Related Information --
        The Coral Health and Monitoring Program (CHAMP) has a World-Wide
Web Home Page at the following URL:
        http://www.coral.noaa.gov
-- Add Your Name to the Coral Researchers Directory! --
	After you read this message, you may wish to add your name to the
Coral Researchers Directory.  To do so, send the following information to
lagoon@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, with your name (Last Name, First Name) in the
Subject: line of your message:
Name:		(How you'd like it to appear, e.g., Vice Pres. Al Gore)
Title:
Institution:	(or N/A)
Address Line 1:
Address Line 2:
Address Line 3:
City:
State or Province:
Country:
Business Phone:
Business Fax:
E-mail:
Other info:	(Add up to, say, 20 lines, if you'd like.)
-- Add Your Coral-Related Event to the Coral-List Calendar
	A calendar of coral related events has been set up
at the following URL on the Web:
	http://calendar.yahoo.com/public/coral_list
If you would like to add an event to the calendar, please send the
following information, in this format, to coral@coral.aoml.noaa.gov:
---
Date and Time (local)
Title of Event
Short Description
Email contact (if available)
Web Page info
---
Please place the words CALENDAR EVENT in the subject line.  This site is a
commercial site, but we hope to have a NOAA sponsored calendar software
soon.
-- Etiquette --
1)  When responding to a posting to the list, do not respond
	*back* to the entire list unless you feel it is an
	answer everyone can benefit from.  I think this is
	usually the case, but responses such as, "Yeah, tell
	me, too!" to the entire list will make you unpopular
	in a hurry.  Double-check your "To: " line before
	sending.
2) Do not "flame" (i.e., scold) colleagues via the coral-list.  If
	you feel compelled to chastise someone, please send them
	mail directly and flame away.
3) Please conduct as much preliminary research into a topic
	as possible before posting a query to the list. (In
	other words, you shouldn't expect others to do your
	research for you.) Please consider:
	o  Your librarian (an extremely valuable resource)
	o  The CHAMP Literature Abstracts area at the CHAMP Web:
	o  The CHAMP Online Researcher's Directory
		(i.e., search for your topic, ask the
		experts directly)
	o  The CHAMP (and other) Web sites' links page(s)
  But please *do* avail yourself of the list when you've exhausted
	other sources.
4)  Please carefully consider the purpose of the coral-list
	before posting a message.  This is a forum comprised
	primarily of researchers who devote major portions
	of their work time to the study of corals or
	coral-related issues.
5)  Succinct postings are greatly appreciated by all.
6)  Archives
	Archives of all previous coral-list messages can be found at this
Web Page:
	http://www.coral.aoml.noaa.gov/lists/list-archives.html
Please review these messages on topics that may have already been
discussed in detail before you post new messages on the same topic.
-- Problems --
	If you have any problems concerning the list, please feel free to
drop a line to:  hendee@aoml.noaa.gov.
	We hope you enjoy the list!
	Sincerely yours,
	Jim Hendee
	Louis Florit
	Philippe Dubosq
        Ocean Chemistry Division
        Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory
        National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
        4301 Rickenbacker Causeway
        Miami, FL  33149-1026
        USA
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov  8 14:58:22 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA24373 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 8 Nov 1999 14:58:22 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA18718; Mon, 8 Nov 1999 15:06:55 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma018614; Mon, 8 Nov 99 15:06:14 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 8 Nov 1999 15:02:41 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA34155; Mon, 8 Nov 1999 19:39:19 GMT
Received: from piro.coqui.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA34089; Mon, 8 Nov 1999 14:39:12 -0500 (EST)
Received: from coqui.net (ppp-196-42-63-163.coqui.net [196.42.63.163])
	by piro.coqui.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id PAA26391
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 8 Nov 1999 15:45:28 GMT
Message-Id: <38272770.41D02E33@coqui.net>
Date: Mon, 08 Nov 1999 15:41:36 -0400
From: jack morelock <morelock@coqui.net>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.7 [en]C-DIAL  (Win98; I)
X-Accept-Language: en
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: graduate student search
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: jack morelock <morelock@coqui.net>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from Quoted-Printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id OAA24373
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 705
I have an opening for one graduate student for the fall semester 2000.
grant support will start spring 2001; two years at $10,000 per year for
the student.
Student thesis should relate to coral reef research  effects of
nutrients and sediments at Mayaguez, Puerto Rico. The research program
for the thesis will be supported under the grant.
the degree will be in marine sciences, marine geology speciality
contact jack morelock - morelock@coqui.net
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov  8 16:31:48 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA25995 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 8 Nov 1999 16:31:47 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA29283; Mon, 8 Nov 1999 16:37:31 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma029263; Mon, 8 Nov 99 16:37:29 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 8 Nov 1999 16:32:10 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA34650; Mon, 8 Nov 1999 21:10:47 GMT
Received: from smtp-out.minitel.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA34735; Mon, 8 Nov 1999 16:10:36 -0500 (EST)
Received: from gmvtx1 (gmailvtx1.globalmail.net [192.168.220.100])
	by smtp-out.minitel.net ([France Telecom Hebergement]) with SMTP id VAA24566
	for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Mon, 8 Nov 1999 21:46:57 +0100 (MET)
Date: Mon, 8 Nov 1999 21:46:57 +0100 (MET)
Message-Id: <199911082046.VAA24566@smtp-out.minitel.net>
From: "MARTIN PECHEUX" <martinpecheux@minitel.net>
Received: from  by  with HTTP; Mon, 08 Nov 1999 21:46:57 +0200
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Reef lichens =?iso-8859-1?Q?=3F bleaching =3F=3F?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "MARTIN PECHEUX" <martinpecheux@minitel.net>
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id QAA25995
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 706
Dear all,
Pr. RAVEN, from Dundee University,
ask me about marine lichens (rare,
Lichinia, Arthopyrenia..). I never
heard of work on them in reefs. Any
specialists or reference ?
And the Bingo question : do they
bleach like all the other
photosynthetic symbioses
(cnidarians, mollusks, sponges,
forams, ascidians) ??
Thanks all,
Martin Pecheux
Nice University
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Nov  9 08:23:43 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA02548 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 9 Nov 1999 08:23:42 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA05806; Tue, 9 Nov 1999 08:32:18 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma005787; Tue, 9 Nov 99 08:32:17 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 9 Nov 1999 08:28:58 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA39516; Tue, 9 Nov 1999 13:09:59 GMT
Received: from snipe.prod.itd.earthlink.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id IAA39734; Tue, 9 Nov 1999 08:09:46 -0500 (EST)
Received: from [206.133.75.67] (sdn-ar-001sccolup107.dialsprint.net [206.133.75.67])
	by snipe.prod.itd.earthlink.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id FAA12874
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 9 Nov 1999 05:11:58 -0800 (PST)
Message-Id: <l03130305b44dcf8e9b04@[206.133.75.67]>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Date: Tue, 9 Nov 1999 08:19:25 -0500
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: "James M. Cervino" <cnidaria@earthlink.net>
Subject: Address?
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "James M. Cervino" <cnidaria@earthlink.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 707
I am trying to obtain the correct e-mail address for the Bonaire Marine
Park, this one keeps bouncing back. Any help would be appreciated?
marinepark@bmp.org
***************************************
James M. Cervino
Marine Biologist
Dept. of Biology/Geology
171 University Pkwy. Aiken
South Carolina Zip: 29801
e-mail :cnidaria@earthlink.net
***************************************
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Nov  9 11:05:22 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA05703 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 9 Nov 1999 11:05:21 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA22241; Tue, 9 Nov 1999 11:13:56 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xmaa22200; Tue, 9 Nov 99 11:13:25 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 9 Nov 1999 11:09:46 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA40317; Tue, 9 Nov 1999 15:49:39 GMT
Received: from bow.intnet.mu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA40746; Tue, 9 Nov 1999 10:49:29 -0500 (EST)
Received: from otyack ([196.27.21.172]) by bow.intnet.mu
          (Netscape Messaging Server 3.6)  with SMTP id AAA4B86;
          Tue, 9 Nov 1999 19:56:00 +0400
Message-Id: <000201bf2ac8$9bcb9720$ac151bc4@otyack>
From: "Olivier Tyack" <otyack@intnet.mu>
To: "James M. Cervino" <cnidaria@earthlink.net>,
        <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: mooring buoys
Date: Tue, 9 Nov 1999 18:58:29 +0400
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="Windows-1252"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.0810.800
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.0810.800
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Olivier Tyack" <otyack@intnet.mu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 708
dear james,
do you know someone who can help me in our task of producing a pamphlet for
sensitisation for mooring buoys.
olivier tyack
president
Mauritius Marine Conservation Society
http://pages.intnet.mu/mmcs
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Nov  9 17:26:51 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA14007 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 9 Nov 1999 17:26:50 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA26093; Tue, 9 Nov 1999 17:32:32 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma026069; Tue, 9 Nov 99 17:32:10 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 9 Nov 1999 17:28:38 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id WAA43296; Tue, 9 Nov 1999 22:04:18 GMT
Received: from zeus.zeus.cofc.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA43323; Tue, 9 Nov 1999 17:04:08 -0500 (EST)
Received: from elmo2.cofc.edu by zeus.zeus.cofc.edu (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4)
	id RAA11564; Tue, 9 Nov 1999 17:03:39 -0500
Message-Id: <3.0.32.19991109171334.00b591d4@zeus.cofc.edu>
X-Sender: pdustan@zeus.cofc.edu
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0 (32)
Date: Tue, 09 Nov 1999 17:15:39 -0500
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Phillip Dustan <pdustan@zeus.cofc.edu>
Subject: Vieques letter to President Clinton - Please sign on
Cc: jhsterne@verner.com
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/enriched; charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Phillip Dustan <pdustan@zeus.cofc.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 709
Dear Colleagues,
	 I'd like to thank all of you who contributed to my knowledge of Vieques=
 Island two weeks ago.  I wanted to learn more about the island as I was=
 going to the US Coral Reef Task Force Meetings in St. Croix and knew it=
 would be an issue at the meeting.  The more I found out, the more I came to=
 the realization that the ecology of Vieques is being harmed and perhaps it=
 is time to do something about it.  Regardless of your feelings about the=
 politics of Vieques, It seems to me that it is important to stop the=
 bombing ASAP.
	Jay Sterne, colleague of mine, works for the law firm of Verner, Liipfert,=
 Bernhard, McPherson & Hand in Washington D.C.  The firm works on behalf of=
 the Government of Puerto Rico which is opposed to the continued bombing of=
 Vieques Island.  Jay is collecting signatures for the following letter to=
 President Clinton.  If you would like to be a signatory on this letter,=
 please email your name and affiliation to him at jhsterne@verner.com. =
 Since this issue involves much more than coral reefs (ie. manatees, sea=
 turtles, endemic plant species, birds, and many other groups), please feel=
 free to post this message on any list you feel may be appropriate for the=
 conservation of the island and its surrounding waters.
				Sincerely,
				Phil Dustan
****************************************************************************=
**
DRAFT
			November __, 1999
President William J. Clinton
The White House
1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20500
Dear Mr. President:
The undersigned members of the scientific community and organizations are=
 writing to urge you to exercise your authority to permanently halt all live=
 fire military exercises and bombing activities in the vicinity of the=
 Island of Vieques, Puerto Rico.  Vieques is home to some of the most=
 extraordinary ecosystems on the planet, including three of the world's=
 seven surviving bioluminescent bays and some of the healthiest and most=
 diverse coral reefs found in U.S. Carribean territorial waters.  The island=
 also provides important habitat for numerous species protected under the=
 Endangered Species Act including manatees, brown pelicans, and green,=
 hawksbill, leatherback, and loggerhead sea turtles, as well as several=
 endangered plants.  The Navy's nearly year-round use of Vieques for an=
 unparalleled level of bombing has already resulted in significant harm to=
 the Island's fragile marine and terrestrial ecology.  Further, we believe=
 further damage must be avoided.
A preliminary study of the Navy's impact on the reefs has confirmed damage=
 from direct hits, damage from shock waves caused by ordnance landing in=
 nearby waters, and damage from unexploded ordnance shifted by wave action. =
 Despite having entered into a binding 1983 Memorandum of Understanding with=
 the Government of Puerto Rico in which it agreed to stop targeting and=
 shelling offshore coral reefs, the Navy has continued these practices and=
 caused further destruction.  Today, large amounts of unexploded ordnance=
 lie on the coral reefs of Vieques.  The Navy simply has failed to undertake=
 any meaningful clean-up efforts, or any other steps to stop further=
 degradation of these coral reefs, let alone measures to enhance their=
 protection.
The harm to Vieques's coral reefs caused by the Navy's activities is clearly=
 inconsistent with your Executive Order 13089 which seeks to enhance federal=
 protection of coral reefs and specifically requires all federal agencies:
"to the extent permitted by law, ensure that any actions they authorize,=
 fund, or carry out will not degrade the conditions of such ecosystems."
The Navy's actions clearly violate the letter and spirit of your directive.=
=20
The Navy continues to violate the Endangered Species Act, which requires=
 federal agencies to:
 "ensure that any action authorized, funded, or carried out by such agency .=
 . .  is not likely to jeopardize the continued existence of any endangered=
 species or threatened species or result in the destruction or adverse=
 modification of [critical] habitat."
The Navy has failed to perform consultations with the U.S. Fish & Wildlife=
 Service and the National Marine Fisheries Service, as required pursuant to=
 =A7 7 of the Endangered Species Act, to determine the impact of its actions=
 on endangered or threatened species, including manatees, sea turtles, and=
 brown pelicans.
In addition to its disregard for the Endangered Species Act, the Navy=
 continues to violate the Clean Water Act and the Resource Conservation and=
 Recovery Act, which establish protective standards for water quality and=
 soil contamination, respectively.  It has been almost twenty years since=
 the Navy completed its only Environmental Impact Statement on its Vieques=
 operations.  The report concluded that "potentially productive" portions of=
 the island had been converted into "wasteland" by its aerial attacks. =
 Finally, there are numerous toxic waste dumps and contamination sites=
 scattered around Vieques, contributing to the release of depleted uranium,=
 cyanide compounds, napalm, RDX, toulene and other hazardous substances into=
 the island's ecosystems.=20
It is unfortunate that the U.S. Navy has consistently disregarded federal=
 environmental protection mandates on Vieques, but it is all the more reason=
 to make the current cessation of its destructive activities permanent.  It=
 is also imperative that the Navy begins the crucial task of remediating the=
 considerable contamination it has caused throughout the island.  The=
 undersigned members of the scientific community and organizations call on=
 you to stop the Navy from resuming live fire exercises on Vieques, and to=
 authorize and direct the Navy to develop strategy for rehabilitation and=
 clean-up activities on the Island.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
<bigger>		     </bigger> Phillip Dustan <smaller>	 </smaller>		=09
Department of Biology	  and	Science Adivsor  to
College of Charleston		          The Cousteau Society
Charleston SC 29424	=09
pdustan@zeus.cofc.edu
www.cofc.edu/~coral
(843) 953-8086
(843)953-5453 Fax
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Nov 10 17:45:07 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA04710 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 10 Nov 1999 17:45:07 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA27006; Wed, 10 Nov 1999 17:50:51 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma026975; Wed, 10 Nov 99 17:50:32 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 10 Nov 1999 17:46:59 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id WAA51988; Wed, 10 Nov 1999 22:28:51 GMT
Message-Id: <199911102228.WAA51988@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Thu, 11 Nov 1999 08:01:17 +1100
From: Stammer Andrew <Andrew.Stammer@publish.csiro.au>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Staghorn Corals of the World
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Stammer Andrew <Andrew.Stammer@publish.csiro.au>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 710
NEW CORAL BOOK
Dr Carden Wallace, Director of the Museum of Tropical Queensland, has just
published her new book Staghorn Corals of the World: a revision of the genus
Acropora, and a new CD-ROM Staghorn Corals of the World: a key to species of
Acropora. Information about both titles can be found at
http://www.publish.csiro.au/books/detail.cfm?Key=2187
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Nov 10 20:23:56 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id UAA06164 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 10 Nov 1999 20:23:55 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA03913; Wed, 10 Nov 1999 20:29:40 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma003898; Wed, 10 Nov 99 20:28:51 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 10 Nov 1999 20:25:16 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id BAA52696; Thu, 11 Nov 1999 01:14:57 GMT
Received: from zool.zoo.hawaii.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id UAA52581; Wed, 10 Nov 1999 20:14:46 -0500 (EST)
Received: from kinzie.hawaii.edu (KINZIE [128.171.120.92]) by zool.zoo.hawaii.edu with SMTP (Microsoft Exchange Internet Mail Service Version 5.5.2448.0)
	id VYG7M4CM; Wed, 10 Nov 1999 15:09:21 -1000
Message-Id: <001e01bf2be1$62a3c840$5c78ab80@hawaii.edu>
From: "Dr. Bob Kinzie" <rkinzie@zoology.zoo.hawaii.edu>
To: "'Coral list'" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Position - Marine Behavior
Date: Wed, 10 Nov 1999 15:09:19 -1000
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_001B_01BF2B8D.9060A860"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2314.1300
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Dr. Bob Kinzie" <rkinzie@zoology.zoo.hawaii.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 711
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_001B_01BF2B8D.9060A860
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Here is an ad for a marine behavioral biologist.
If you are interested please reply to the search committee - not to me =
and PLEASE not to the coral-list!
Bob Kinzie
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, I3, POSITION #83079, Department of Zoology, College =
of Natural Sciences, and the Hawai=92i Institute of Marine Biology =
(HIMB), tenure track in Zoology; pending position clearance and =
availability of funds. Appointment split 50:50 between HIMB and Zoology. =
The successful candidate will join an active research program in the =
behavior and ecology of marine organisms at the HIMB Coconut Island =
laboratory, the broad-based instructional faculty in Zoology and our =
graduate research and training program in Evolution, Ecology and =
Conservation Biology (EECB). Teaching responsibilities will include an =
undergraduate course in ethology and a graduate course in his/her =
specialty.=20
Minimum Qualifications: Ph.D. and postdoctoral experience in an =
appropriate field, significant research accomplishments beyond the =
Ph.D., commitment to teaching undergraduate ethology, evidence of =
extramural research funding success, commitment to study of tropical =
marine animals and commitment to active participation in the EECB =
program.=20
Desirable Qualifications: research combines a field and laboratory =
approach, research takes advantage of the unique opportunities offered =
by Hawai=92i, experience with tropical marine organisms, teaching =
experience in an appropriate area and successful in obtaining =
peer-refereed extramural research grants.=20
Letters of application must be accompanied by a curriculum vitae, =
statements of research and teaching interests and commitments, reprints =
of up to three peer-reviewed publications and three letters of =
reference. Applicants may provide the names, addresses, email and =
telephone contacts of additional references.=20
Apply to: Behavioral Ecology Search Committee, Department of Zoology, =
2538 The Mall, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822. Continuous =
recruitment until position filled; only applications received by 28 =
Dec., 1999, are assured of receiving full consideration.=20
The University of Hawai=92i is an Affirmative Action/Equal Opportunity =
Institution. See http://www.hawaii.edu/97catalog/a&s/zool.html, =
http://www.hawaii.edu/HIMB, http://www.hawaii.edu/eecb
------=_NextPart_000_001B_01BF2B8D.9060A860
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Dwindows-1252" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D"MSHTML 5.00.2314.1000" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV>
<P><FONT size=3D2>Here is an ad for a marine behavioral =
biologist.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=3D2>If you are interested please reply to the search =
committee - not=20
to me and PLEASE not to the coral-list!</FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=3D2>Bob Kinzie</FONT></P>
<P><STRONG>ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, </STRONG>I3, POSITION #83079,<B> =
</B>Department=20
of Zoology, College of Natural Sciences, and the Hawai=92i Institute of =
Marine=20
Biology (HIMB), tenure track in Zoology; pending position clearance and=20
availability of funds. Appointment split 50:50 between HIMB and Zoology. =
The=20
successful candidate will join an active research program in the =
behavior and=20
ecology of marine organisms at the HIMB Coconut Island laboratory, the=20
broad-based instructional faculty in Zoology and our graduate research =
and=20
training program in Evolution, Ecology and Conservation Biology (EECB). =
Teaching=20
responsibilities will include an undergraduate course in ethology and a =
graduate=20
course in his/her specialty. </P>
<P><B>Minimum Qualifications</B>: Ph.D. and postdoctoral experience in =
an=20
appropriate field, significant research accomplishments beyond the =
Ph.D.,=20
commitment to teaching undergraduate ethology, evidence of extramural =
research=20
funding success, commitment to study of tropical marine animals and =
commitment=20
to active participation in the EECB program. <B></B></P>
<P><B>Desirable Qualifications</B>: research combines a field and =
laboratory=20
approach, research takes advantage of the unique opportunities offered =
by=20
Hawai=92i, experience with tropical marine organisms, teaching =
experience in an=20
appropriate area and successful in obtaining peer-refereed extramural =
research=20
grants. <B></B></P>
<P><B>Letters of application must be accompanied by</B> a <I>curriculum=20
vitae</I>, statements of research and teaching interests and =
commitments,=20
reprints of up to three peer-reviewed publications and three letters of=20
reference. Applicants may provide the names, addresses, email and =
telephone=20
contacts of additional references. </P>
<P>Apply to: Behavioral Ecology Search Committee, Department of Zoology, =
2538=20
The Mall, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822. Continuous =
recruitment until=20
position filled; only applications received by 28 Dec., 1999, are =
assured of=20
receiving full consideration. </P>
<P>The University of Hawai=92i is an Affirmative Action/Equal =
Opportunity=20
Institution. See http://www.hawaii.edu/97catalog/a&amp;s/zool.html,=20
http://www.hawaii.edu/HIMB, <A=20
href=3D"http://www.hawaii.edu/eecb">http://www.hawaii.edu/eecb</A></P></D=
IV></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_000_001B_01BF2B8D.9060A860--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Nov 11 07:39:17 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id HAA10497 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 11 Nov 1999 07:39:16 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA18992; Thu, 11 Nov 1999 07:47:53 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma018979; Thu, 11 Nov 99 07:47:07 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 11 Nov 1999 07:43:35 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA52826; Thu, 11 Nov 1999 12:34:48 GMT
Message-Id: <199911111234.MAA52826@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Thu, 11 Nov 1999 15:56:38 +1100
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: SARRAMEGNA Sebastien <sarrameg@ufp.univ-nc.nc>
Subject: Single large or several small marine reserves
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: SARRAMEGNA Sebastien <sarrameg@ufp.univ-nc.nc>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 712
Hello,
I am a Phd Student and I am working on marine protected areas in New
Caledonia. In the lagoon of New Caledonia there are several islets and
barrier reefs. Some of them are in reserve and other are open to fishing.
Differences were found for little islets between reserve and no-reserve
but no differences were found for great barrier reef.  Does anybody have
information on difference between large ands small reserve also named as
SLOSS theory.
Thank you
Sebastien  SARRAMEGNA
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Nov 11 08:27:33 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA10789 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 11 Nov 1999 08:27:32 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA20529; Thu, 11 Nov 1999 08:33:17 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma020486; Thu, 11 Nov 99 08:32:34 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 11 Nov 1999 08:28:57 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA56473; Thu, 11 Nov 1999 13:15:20 GMT
Received: from unpsun2.cc.unp.ac.za by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id IAA56244; Thu, 11 Nov 1999 08:14:07 -0500 (EST)
Received: from smtp.unp.ac.za (pmbintra.cc.unp.ac.za [143.128.64.91])
	by unpsun2.cc.unp.ac.za (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id PAA25479
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 11 Nov 1999 15:11:59 +0200 (SATS)
Received: from UNP-Message_Server by smtp.unp.ac.za
	with Novell_GroupWise; Thu, 11 Nov 1999 15:13:17 +0200
Message-Id: <s82add0d.024@smtp.unp.ac.za>
X-Mailer: Novell GroupWise 5.5
Date: Thu, 11 Nov 1999 15:12:36 +0200
From: "Jan Korrubel" <korrubelj@science.unp.ac.za>
To: <sarrameg@ufp.univ-nc.nc>
Cc: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Re: Single large or several small marine reserves
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-Disposition: inline
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Jan Korrubel" <korrubelj@science.unp.ac.za>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 713
Hi C-Listers / Sebastien,
>> SARRAMEGNA Sebastien <sarrameg@ufp.univ-nc.nc> wrote:
I am working on marine protected areas....Does anybody have information
on difference between large ands small reserve also named as SLOSS
theory.
Here in South Africa, COLIN ATTWOOD is one of the researchers on marine
reserves, sizes of reserves and their suitability / function.  He is
also a member of the Marine Reserves Task Group who brought out a
publication "Towards a new policy on Marine Protected Areas for South
Africa" in July 1997.
His direct application is to (mathematically) model reserves with
respect to linefish and (line) fishing sustainability (and has published
some of this) - he may well have some info useful to you..
He is working at MCM (Marine Conservation and Management - used to the
Department of Sea Fisheries) in Cape Town, and can be reached at
<cattwood@sfri.wcape.gov.za>.
Hope this helps.
Regards,
Jan Korrubel
University of Natal
South Africa.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Nov 11 15:24:53 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA14593 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 11 Nov 1999 15:24:52 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA13744; Thu, 11 Nov 1999 15:33:30 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma013718; Thu, 11 Nov 99 15:32:37 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 11 Nov 1999 15:29:03 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA55345; Thu, 11 Nov 1999 20:19:42 GMT
Received: from mx03.together.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id PAA59145; Thu, 11 Nov 1999 15:19:31 -0500 (EST)
Received: from GustavW (dial-85-MAX-SJVT-01.ramp.together.net [207.41.56.213])
	by mx03.together.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id PAA16026
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 11 Nov 1999 15:18:40 -0500 (EST)
Message-Id: <002f01bf2c82$3bf8e080$d53829cf@GustavW.Verderber>
From: "Gustav W.  Verderber" <acmaea@together.net>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Pigeon Key Subtropical Workshop
Date: Thu, 11 Nov 1999 15:20:44 -0500
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.3110.1
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Gustav W.  Verderber" <acmaea@together.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 714
SUBTROPICAL ECOLOGY
AT PIGEON KEY
March 5 - 1O, 2000
(6 days/5 nights)
Workshop Coordinator/Instructor: Professor Gustav W. Verderber
Spend an unforgettable week on an island paradise exploring the marine and
subtropical ecology of the Florida Keys.
This natural history workshop will explore the coastal and shallow submarine
ecosystems of the Florida Keys.  We will be based at the Pigeon Key Marine
Education Facility on the tiny island of Pigeon Key.  Barrier reef,
mangrove, and terrestrial communities will be included as well as a snorkel
trip to the outer reef and an all-day field trip to the Everglades.
For more information and a detailed itinerary of the workshop please visit
the "ecotravel" page at my web site:
www.GustavWVerderber.com
or email me at
G.Verderber@Sciencenet.com
Workshop cost of $459.00/person includes all transportation from Pigeon Key
to field locations, meals, lodging, and instruction.
With gratitude and respect,
Gustav W. Verderber
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Education * Nature Travel  * Writing * Photography * Gallery
See "FRAMING NATURE" in the summer/fall, 1999 issue of VERMONT MAGAZINE
1999-2000 Workshops: Acadia National Park/Galapagos Islands/Florida Keys
URL: http://www.GustavWVerderber.com
E-Mail: G.Verderber@Sciencenet.com
P.O. Box 83, Montgomery Ctr., VT  05471
Toll Free: (877) 560-0623
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Nov 11 15:24:53 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA14593 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 11 Nov 1999 15:24:52 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA13744; Thu, 11 Nov 1999 15:33:30 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma013718; Thu, 11 Nov 99 15:32:37 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 11 Nov 1999 15:29:03 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA55345; Thu, 11 Nov 1999 20:19:42 GMT
Received: from mx03.together.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id PAA59145; Thu, 11 Nov 1999 15:19:31 -0500 (EST)
Received: from GustavW (dial-85-MAX-SJVT-01.ramp.together.net [207.41.56.213])
	by mx03.together.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id PAA16026
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 11 Nov 1999 15:18:40 -0500 (EST)
Message-Id: <002f01bf2c82$3bf8e080$d53829cf@GustavW.Verderber>
From: "Gustav W.  Verderber" <acmaea@together.net>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Pigeon Key Subtropical Workshop
Date: Thu, 11 Nov 1999 15:20:44 -0500
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.3110.1
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Gustav W.  Verderber" <acmaea@together.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 715
SUBTROPICAL ECOLOGY
AT PIGEON KEY
March 5 - 1O, 2000
(6 days/5 nights)
Workshop Coordinator/Instructor: Professor Gustav W. Verderber
Spend an unforgettable week on an island paradise exploring the marine and
subtropical ecology of the Florida Keys.
This natural history workshop will explore the coastal and shallow submarine
ecosystems of the Florida Keys.  We will be based at the Pigeon Key Marine
Education Facility on the tiny island of Pigeon Key.  Barrier reef,
mangrove, and terrestrial communities will be included as well as a snorkel
trip to the outer reef and an all-day field trip to the Everglades.
For more information and a detailed itinerary of the workshop please visit
the "ecotravel" page at my web site:
www.GustavWVerderber.com
or email me at
G.Verderber@Sciencenet.com
Workshop cost of $459.00/person includes all transportation from Pigeon Key
to field locations, meals, lodging, and instruction.
With gratitude and respect,
Gustav W. Verderber
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Education * Nature Travel  * Writing * Photography * Gallery
See "FRAMING NATURE" in the summer/fall, 1999 issue of VERMONT MAGAZINE
1999-2000 Workshops: Acadia National Park/Galapagos Islands/Florida Keys
URL: http://www.GustavWVerderber.com
E-Mail: G.Verderber@Sciencenet.com
P.O. Box 83, Montgomery Ctr., VT  05471
Toll Free: (877) 560-0623
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Nov 11 18:37:00 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id SAA16251 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 11 Nov 1999 18:36:59 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA20737; Thu, 11 Nov 1999 18:42:45 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma020721; Thu, 11 Nov 99 18:42:36 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 11 Nov 1999 18:39:02 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id XAA60102; Thu, 11 Nov 1999 23:29:00 GMT
Received: from inetminas.estaminas.com.br by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id SAA60101; Thu, 11 Nov 1999 18:28:50 -0500 (EST)
Received: from acd.ufrj.br (nas3-23.estaminas.com.br [200.251.117.151])
	by inetminas.estaminas.com.br (8.9.1a/8.9.1) with ESMTP id VAA29563
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 11 Nov 1999 21:28:17 -0200 (GMT)
Message-Id: <382B514B.41A1E7E0@acd.ufrj.br>
Date: Thu, 11 Nov 1999 21:29:15 -0200
From: Marcos Soares Barbeitos <msbb@acd.ufrj.br>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.03 [en] (Win95; I)
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Looking for data on M. cavernosa growth
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Marcos Soares Barbeitos <msbb@acd.ufrj.br>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/mixed;
  boundary="------------70FEDC9EF9C52B6092E7F7B7"
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 716
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
--------------70FEDC9EF9C52B6092E7F7B7
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: Quoted-Printable
            Dear coral-listers,
            I've been working with Montastrea cavernosa in my master's
dissertation and I am having trouble in finding some
paper that reports growth rates for this species. There's lots of
reports for M. annularis, but I haven't found anything about cavernosa.
Does anybody have a tip? I would also like to know (this is even more
difficult) if there would be any paper that relates skeleton growth to
addition of new polyps to the colonies=B4 tissue. Sort of  "for each X cm
of skeleton growth, there's addition of Y new polyps to the tissue". I
would, of course, be interested in any species for which such
information is available. Thanks and best wishes.
            Marcos
--------------70FEDC9EF9C52B6092E7F7B7
Content-Type: text/x-vcard; charset=us-ascii; name="vcard.vcf"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: Quoted-Printable
Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="vcard.vcf"
Content-Description: Card for Marcos Barbeitos
begin:          vcard
fn:             Marcos Barbeitos
n:              Barbeitos;Marcos
org:            Museu Nacional / UFRJ/ Brazil
adr:            Quinta da Boa Vista s/n;;S=E3o Crist=F3v=E3o;Rio de Janeiro=
;RJ;20940-040;Brazil
email;internet: msbb@acd.ufrj.br
title:          MSc. Student
x-mozilla-cpt:  ;0
x-mozilla-html: TRUE
version:        2.1
end:            vcard
--------------70FEDC9EF9C52B6092E7F7B7--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov 15 07:35:13 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id HAA21749 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 15 Nov 1999 07:35:12 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA08775; Mon, 15 Nov 1999 07:41:01 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma008762; Mon, 15 Nov 99 07:40:58 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 15 Nov 1999 07:37:23 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA83267; Mon, 15 Nov 1999 12:12:39 GMT
Received: from mail.caribe.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id HAA83166; Mon, 15 Nov 1999 07:12:28 -0500 (EST)
Received: from default (ppp64.206.105.97dip.netdial.caribe.net [206.105.97.64])
	by mail.caribe.net (8.9.0/8.9.0) with SMTP id IAA06349;
	Mon, 15 Nov 1999 08:11:35 -0400 (AST)
Message-Id: <003f01bf2f61$b481c580$406169ce@default>
From: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
To: "eco-isla" <eco-isla@earthsystems.org>,
        "Turtle Listers" <CTURTLE@lists.ufl.edu>,
        "Coral-List" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Re: PLEASE ACT NOW
Date: Mon, 15 Nov 1999 08:02:55 -0400
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2314.1300
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from Quoted-Printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id HAA21749
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 717
As a marine conservation organization based in Puerto Rico, we ask that you
sign on to the following letter to President Clinton asking that he STOP
live fire target practice on the island of Vieques.
At the recent coral reef executive task force meeting we were surprised that
many people did not know the following:
-Vieques has a population of over 9,000 people. This is not a deserted
island.
-The U.S. Navy targets coral reefs in violation of the 1983 Memorandum of
Understanding with the local government.
-The people of Vieques have been outspokenly opposed to Navy use of the
island for live fire target practice for the last 60 years. Last spring a
civilian guard named David Sanes was killed, and four others injured when
a pilot accidentally dropped bombs which missed the target area. This
tragedy
has united the people of Puerto Rico who are now asking that the Navy not
resume live fire practice on the island.
-U.S. Navy makes large amounts of money leasing the island of Vieques to
foreign powers for live fire target practice. Last year, the Navy's web site
advertised the island of Vieques as follows:
"One stop shopping - capability of excellence in all warfare areas with the
right vision of the future...yields high return on investment."
-With the exception of the target area, this biologically diverse island
supports some of the healthiest coral reef with greatest percentage coral
coverage remaining in U.S. Caribbean waters. Not unexpectedly, coral
coverage and health improves as one moves away from the target area. There
are a number of endangered species in the area of impact including seasonal
whale populations and Giant Leatherbacks who instinctively return to nest on
Navy beaches.  We have seen one photo of a Leatherback washed ashore,
spilling eggs, bleeding from mouth consistent head trauma from underwater
shock. Vieques is also home and provides nesting habitat for many species of
endangered sea birds
-The decision to resume live fire target practice is now in the hands of
President Clinton. Navy contends that live fire target practice on Vieques
is an absolute necessity. They say this is an issue of National Security.
They said the same thing when the people of Puerto Rico asked them to cease
the live fire target practice on the municipal island of Culebra 20 years
ago. Today, unexploded ordnance litters coral reefs in
Culebra, which has a population approaching 5,000, and other popular dive
destinations in Puerto Rico including the uninhabited
islands of Desecheo and Mona.
-We hope that as experts in coral reef education, management and
conservation, you will sign on this letter to the President to aid in his
decision. The ecosystem being destroyed is of global importance and we no
longer have the "luxury," if we ever had, of targeting biologically diverse
tropical ecosystem. Please sign on the letter below if you haven't already,
and make a quick call to the White House TODAY.   The President will most
likely make his final decision within the next two days.
PLEASE SIGN ON LETTER BELOW TODAY FOLLOWING COMMENTS FROM PHIL DUSTAN OF
COUSTEAU SOCIETY.
White House Comment Line  Phone:  202-456-1111
White House Fax Line 202-456-2461
Clinton's e-mail:   president@whitehouse.gov
Gore's e-mail:   vice-president@whitehouse.gov
White House Address: 1600 Pennsylvania Ave, Washington, DC 20500
----------
From: Phillip Dustan <pdustan@zeus.cofc.edu>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Cc: jhsterne@verner.com
Subject: Vieques letter to President Clinton - Please sign on
Date: Tuesday, November 09, 1999 6:15 PM
Dear Colleagues,
I'd like to thank all of you who contributed to my knowledge of Vieques
Island two weeks ago.  I wanted to learn more about the island as I was
going to the US Coral Reef Task Force Meetings in St. Croix and knew it
would be an issue at the meeting.  The more I found out, the more I came to
the realization that the ecology of Vieques is being harmed and perhaps it
is time to do something about it.  Regardless of your feelings about the
politics of Vieques, It seems to me that it is important to stop the
bombing ASAP.
Jay Sterne, colleague of mine, works for the law firm of Verner, Liipfert,
Bernhard, McPherson & Hand in Washington D.C.  The firm works on behalf of
the Government of Puerto Rico which is opposed to the continued bombing of
Vieques Island.  Jay is collecting signatures for the following letter to
President Clinton.  If you would like to be a signatory on this letter,
please email your name and affiliation to him at jhsterne@verner.com.
Since this issue involves much more than coral reefs (ie. manatees, sea
turtles, endemic plant species, birds, and many other groups), please feel
free to post this message on any list you feel may be appropriate for the
conservation of the island and its surrounding waters.
Sincerely,
Phil Dustan
****************************************************************************
**
DRAFT
November __, 1999
President William J. Clinton
The White House
1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20500
Dear Mr. President:
The undersigned members of the scientific community and organizations are
writing to urge you to exercise your authority to permanently halt all live
fire military exercises and bombing activities in the vicinity of the
Island of Vieques, Puerto Rico.  Vieques is home to some of the most
extraordinary ecosystems on the planet, including three of the world's
seven surviving bioluminescent bays and some of the healthiest and most
diverse coral reefs found in U.S. Carribean territorial waters.  The island
also provides important habitat for numerous species protected under the
Endangered Species Act including manatees, brown pelicans, and green,
hawksbill, leatherback, and loggerhead sea turtles, as well as several
endangered plants.  The Navy's nearly year-round use of Vieques for an
unparalleled level of bombing has already resulted in significant harm to
the Island's fragile marine and terrestrial ecology.  Further, we believe
further damage must be avoided.
A preliminary study of the Navy's impact on the reefs has confirmed damage
from direct hits, damage from shock waves caused by ordnance landing in
nearby waters, and damage from unexploded ordnance shifted by wave action.
Despite having entered into a binding 1983 Memorandum of Understanding with
the Government of Puerto Rico in which it agreed to stop targeting and
shelling offshore coral reefs, the Navy has continued these practices and
caused further destruction.  Today, large amounts of unexploded ordnance
lie on the coral reefs of Vieques.  The Navy simply has failed to undertake
any meaningful clean-up efforts, or any other steps to stop further
degradation of these coral reefs, let alone measures to enhance their
protection.
The harm to Vieques's coral reefs caused by the Navy's activities is
clearly inconsistent with your Executive Order 13089 which seeks to enhance
federal protection of coral reefs and specifically requires all federal
agencies:
"to the extent permitted by law, ensure that any actions they authorize,
fund, or carry out will not degrade the conditions of such ecosystems."
The Navy's actions clearly violate the letter and spirit of your directive.
The Navy continues to violate the Endangered Species Act, which requires
federal agencies to:
 "ensure that any action authorized, funded, or carried out by such agency
... . .  is not likely to jeopardize the continued existence of any
endangered species or threatened species or result in the destruction or
adverse modification of [critical] habitat."
The Navy has failed to perform consultations with the U.S. Fish & Wildlife
Service and the National Marine Fisheries Service, as required pursuant to
 7 of the Endangered Species Act, to determine the impact of its actions
on endangered or threatened species, including manatees, sea turtles, and
brown pelicans.
In addition to its disregard for the Endangered Species Act, the Navy
continues to violate the Clean Water Act and the Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act, which establish protective standards for water quality and
soil contamination, respectively.  It has been almost twenty years since
the Navy completed its only Environmental Impact Statement on its Vieques
operations.  The report concluded that "potentially productive" portions of
the island had been converted into "wasteland" by its aerial attacks.
Finally, there are numerous toxic waste dumps and contamination sites
scattered around Vieques, contributing to the release of depleted uranium,
cyanide compounds, napalm, RDX, toulene and other hazardous substances into
the island's ecosystems.
It is unfortunate that the U.S. Navy has consistently disregarded federal
environmental protection mandates on Vieques, but it is all the more reason
to make the current cessation of its destructive activities permanent.  It
is also imperative that the Navy begins the crucial task of remediating the
considerable contamination it has caused throughout the island.  The
undersigned members of the scientific community and organizations call on
you to stop the Navy from resuming live fire exercises on Vieques, and to
authorize and direct the Navy to develop strategy for rehabilitation and
clean-up activities on the Island.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
<bigger>      </bigger> Phillip Dustan <smaller> </smaller>
Department of Biology   and Science Adivsor  to
College of Charleston           The Cousteau Society
Charleston SC 29424
pdustan@zeus.cofc.edu
www.cofc.edu/~coral
(843) 953-8086
(843)953-5453 Fax
----------
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov 15 08:05:38 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA22254 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 15 Nov 1999 08:05:38 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA10400; Mon, 15 Nov 1999 08:14:21 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma010381; Mon, 15 Nov 99 08:14:07 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 15 Nov 1999 08:10:51 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA84141; Mon, 15 Nov 1999 13:00:26 GMT
Message-Id: <199911151300.NAA84141@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Sun, 14 Nov 1999 19:09:09 -0800
From: John McManus <J.MCMANUS@CGIAR.ORG>
Subject: RE: Single large or several small marine reserves
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: John McManus <J.MCMANUS@CGIAR.ORG>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 718
SLOSS and corridor research are fascinating and important areas of research.
A lot of progress has been made, and much more remains to be studied.
Interestingly, most of the work has focussed on biological aspects.
Management, of course, is a practice of modifying human behavior. As soon as
one looks at the socioeconomic side of SLOSS, one realizes that there are
(within a typical large country or region) situations in which large
reserves are practical (often in areas of sparse habitation), and situations
in which only tiny reserves (less than a few sq. km) are practical, lest
small scale fishers be excluded from their sources of livelihood. Johannes
has rightly emphasized that small village-initiated reserves will often be a
key element in a rational conservation strategy, and these would generally
have to be set up based on crude guidelines without much outside "expert"
inputs (the "dataless reserves"). Thus, in practical terms, the answer to a
SLOSS problem is usually going to be a mixture of small and large reserves,
and a balance against "background" coastal regulation. Some species need
large "hunting" grounds. Others need a range of habitat types to complete
their life cycles. Under some conditions of widespread overharvesting and
reef degradation, one might be in a situation to put heavy emphasis on
setting up reserves to keep the ecosystems healthy. In those cases, a
fascinating problem for the biophysical scientist is to determine a range of
viable combinations of small and large reserves, with recommendations on
minimal priority needs for improving general coastal management. These would
then be trimmed down by socioeconomic scientists into a finer "region" of
options to be considered by managers and policy makers in interaction with
stakeholders. Thus, the answer to a SLOSS problem is generally going to be
the determination of a range of viable options, usually involving mixtures,
rather than a single answer.
For those seeking references, some of this is covered in:
McManus, J.W. 1997. Marine reserves and biodiversity: Towards 20% by 2020.
In: McManus, J. W., van Zwol, C., Garces, L.R. and Sadacharan, D. (eds)
1998. A Framework for Futrue Training in Marine and Coastal Protected Area
Management. ICLARM Conf. Proc. 57, 54  p.
There is a lot of material on societal aspects of MPAs in this small
proceedings. There may still be copies available from:
Coastal Zone Management Centre, P.O. Box 20907, 2500 Ex The Hague.
Cheers,
John
		l Message-----
		From:	Jan Korrubel [mailto:korrubelj@science.unp.ac.za]
		Sent:	Thursday, November 11, 1999 9:13 PM
		To:	sarrameg@ufp.univ-nc.nc
		Cc:	coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
		Subject:	Re: Single large or several small marine
reserves
		Hi C-Listers / Sebastien,
		>> SARRAMEGNA Sebastien <sarrameg@ufp.univ-nc.nc> wrote:
		I am working on marine protected areas....Does anybody have
information
		on difference between large ands small reserve also named as
SLOSS
		theory.
		Here in South Africa, COLIN ATTWOOD is one of the
researchers on marine
		reserves, sizes of reserves and their suitability /
function.  He is
		also a member of the Marine Reserves Task Group who brought
out a
		publication "Towards a new policy on Marine Protected Areas
for South
		Africa" in July 1997.
		His direct application is to (mathematically) model reserves
with
		respect to linefish and (line) fishing sustainability (and
has published
		some of this) - he may well have some info useful to you..
		He is working at MCM (Marine Conservation and Management -
used to the
		Department of Sea Fisheries) in Cape Town, and can be
reached at
		<cattwood@sfri.wcape.gov.za>.
		Hope this helps.
		Regards,
		Jan Korrubel
		University of Natal
		South Africa.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov 15 20:59:54 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id UAA08855 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 15 Nov 1999 20:59:53 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA03697; Mon, 15 Nov 1999 21:08:36 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma003658; Mon, 15 Nov 99 21:08:23 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 15 Nov 1999 21:04:48 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id BAA92016; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 01:31:42 GMT
Received: from solwarra.gbrmpa.gov.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id UAA88995; Mon, 15 Nov 1999 20:31:33 -0500 (EST)
Received: from gbrmpa.gov.au (dhcp-190.gbrmpa.gov.au [146.116.1.190])
	by solwarra.gbrmpa.gov.au (8.8.8/8.8.8) with ESMTP id LAA16065
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 11:29:35 +1000 (EST)
Message-Id: <3830B47C.3229B53B@gbrmpa.gov.au>
Date: Tue, 16 Nov 1999 11:33:48 +1000
From: Kirsten Michalek-Wagner <kirstenm@gbrmpa.gov.au>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en] (Win95; I)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: translocation of Porites bommies
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Kirsten Michalek-Wagner <kirstenm@gbrmpa.gov.au>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 719
Hi everybody,
I am trying to gather information about the possibility of translocating
massive Porites colonies with diameters over 2 meters. I am not aware of
any published material on this matter nor any attempts undertaken to
translocate corals of this size. If anybody knows about groups that have
translocated massive corals or can direct me towards published material,
I would very much appreciate it if you could drop me a line
(kirstenm@gbrmpa.gov.au).
Cheers,
Kirsten Michalek-Wagner
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Nov 16 04:55:01 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id EAA11558 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 04:55:00 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id FAA17764; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 05:03:44 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma017747; Tue, 16 Nov 99 05:02:49 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 04:59:15 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id JAA94125; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 09:45:56 GMT
Received: from post.tau.ac.il by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id EAA94315; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 04:45:48 -0500 (EST)
Received: from loya.tau.ac.il (sherman327.tau.ac.il [132.66.43.149])
	by post.tau.ac.il (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id LAA13588
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 11:45:42 +0200 (IST)
Message-Id: <3.0.6.32.19991116114754.007c1c40@post.tau.ac.il>
X-Sender: roz@post.tau.ac.il
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.6 (32)
Date: Tue, 16 Nov 1999 11:47:54 +0200
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Michael Rosenfeld <roz@post.tau.ac.il>
Subject: Re: translocation of Porites bommies
In-Reply-To: <3830B47C.3229B53B@gbrmpa.gov.au>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Michael Rosenfeld <roz@post.tau.ac.il>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 720
Hi all,
Why would somebody move massive Porites colonies with diameters over 2
meters (probably over a 100 years old)? We feel that no scientific work can
justify risking such an old coral that survived for that long. Can't the
same goal be achieved by using smaller colonies, which are more abundant?
Michael Rosenfeld and Maoz Fine
>Hi everybody,
>
>I am trying to gather information about the possibility of translocating
>massive Porites colonies with diameters over 2 meters. I am not aware of
>any published material on this matter nor any attempts undertaken to
>translocate corals of this size. If anybody knows about groups that have
>translocated massive corals or can direct me towards published material,
>I would very much appreciate it if you could drop me a line
>(kirstenm@gbrmpa.gov.au).
>
>Cheers,
>
>Kirsten Michalek-Wagner
>
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Nov 16 09:40:04 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA15347 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 09:40:01 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA03526; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 09:48:44 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma003491; Tue, 16 Nov 99 09:48:22 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 09:44:44 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA92644; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 14:18:51 GMT
Received: from cheviot1.ncl.ac.uk by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id JAA96007; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 09:18:38 -0500 (EST)
Received: from apop.ncl.ac.uk (apop.ncl.ac.uk [128.240.124.67])
	by cheviot1.ncl.ac.uk (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id OAA14621
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 14:18:34 GMT
Message-Id: <3.0.6.32.19991116141802.007e3320@town5.ncl.ac.uk>
X-Sender: n8716138@town5.ncl.ac.uk
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.6 (32)
Date: Tue, 16 Nov 1999 14:18:02 +0000
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Simon Dunn <s.r.dunn@ncl.ac.uk>
Subject: Aiptasia ID?
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Simon Dunn <s.r.dunn@ncl.ac.uk>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 721
I would like to ask if anybody knows if there are defined morphological
characteristics that can be used to separate Aiptasia pallida from Aiptasia
pulchella. As I understand the discrimination at present, the geographical
region of origin separates the two species, ie/ A.pallida is from the
Caribbean and A. pulchella is Indo /Pacific. This does not really help in
identifying animals obtained through the aquarium trade, when the suppliers
are unsure of the original source. The length of tentacles against column
size, as with pigmentation, may be an artefact of the conditions the
anemones are maintained in , therefore, if anybody could help in this
matter it would be most appreciated, thank you.
Simon Dunn
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Nov 16 10:17:43 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA17098 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 10:17:42 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA06945; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 10:23:31 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma006896; Tue, 16 Nov 99 10:23:08 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 10:19:20 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA96297; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 15:06:51 GMT
Received: from postoffice2.mail.cornell.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA96020; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 10:06:36 -0500 (EST)
Received: from [132.236.111.26] ([132.236.111.26])
	by postoffice2.mail.cornell.edu (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id KAA20534
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 10:06:34 -0500 (EST)
X-Sender: ljr5@postoffice4.mail.cornell.edu
Message-Id: <v04003001b457228ce511@[132.236.111.26]>
In-Reply-To: <3.0.6.32.19991116114754.007c1c40@post.tau.ac.il>
References: <3830B47C.3229B53B@gbrmpa.gov.au>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Date: Tue, 16 Nov 1999 10:06:35 -0500
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Laurie Jeanne Raymundo <ljr5@cornell.edu>
Subject: Re: translocation of Porites bommies
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Laurie Jeanne Raymundo <ljr5@cornell.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 722
Hello, all:
I have to say I agree with Michael Rosenfeld and Maoz Fine: what is the
point of risking what is bound to be extensive damage to very old massive
Porites colonies by moving them?  Why is this necessary and what is to be
accomplished?  Work by several folks have shown that massives that aren't
firmly attached to the substrate after transplantation do not reestablish
well.  I can't even imagine how one might go about positioning and
cementing such colonies.
Laurie Raymundo
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Nov 16 11:23:36 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA19722 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 11:23:35 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA15046; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 11:32:18 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma014994; Tue, 16 Nov 99 11:32:00 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 11:28:22 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA93747; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 16:10:33 GMT
Received: from imo19.mx.aol.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA93236; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 11:10:16 -0500 (EST)
From: Kaimasa@aol.com
Received: from Kaimasa@aol.com
	by imo19.mx.aol.com (mail_out_v24.4.) id q.0.27fd52a8 (4332);
	Tue, 16 Nov 1999 11:10:09 -0500 (EST)
Message-Id: <0.27fd52a8.2562dbe0@aol.com>
Date: Tue, 16 Nov 1999 11:10:08 EST
Subject: Re: translocation of Porites bommies
To: ljr5@cornell.edu, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Mailer: AOL 4.0 for Windows 95 sub 39
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Kaimasa@aol.com
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 723
In a message dated 11/16/99 7:20:36 AM Pacific Standard Time,
ljr5@cornell.edu writes:
<< Work by several folks have shown that massives that aren't
 firmly attached to the substrate after transplantation do not reestablish
 well. >>
Work by whom??  I believe that was the original question.  If you have an
idea of who did work that showed that it wasn't a great thing, do tell!!!!
Suesan
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Nov 16 11:34:54 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA20025 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 11:34:54 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA16166; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 11:43:37 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma016112; Tue, 16 Nov 99 11:43:23 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 11:39:57 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA96826; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 16:25:25 GMT
Message-Id: <199911161625.QAA96826@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Mon, 15 Nov 1999 20:31:01 -0500 (EST)
From: Kathryn Kavanagh <kava@bio.bu.edu>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
cc: fish-sci@segate.sunet.se
Subject: Acanthochromis in Wallacea?
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Kathryn Kavanagh <kava@bio.bu.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 724
Hi -
I have a question for those knowledgable of the reef-fish fauna of
Southeast Asia.
Could you let me know if the damselfish _Acanthochromis
polyacanthus_ (Pomacentridae) ("Spiny Chromis") occurs on any of the
islands or peninsular areas of Indonesia or Malaysia, including Borneo,
and whether this species occurs in the western regions of the Philippines?
There is quite an interesting story with this species and the distribution
is not reported (or known?) very precisely.
Thank you very much for any assistance.
Kathryn Kavanagh
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Nov 16 11:47:16 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA20375 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 11:47:15 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA17703; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 11:55:56 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma017642; Tue, 16 Nov 99 11:55:39 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 11:51:54 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA96930; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 16:36:52 GMT
Received: from relay4.hawaii.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA94962; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 11:36:40 -0500 (EST)
Received: from uhunix1.its.hawaii.edu ([128.171.44.6]) by relay4.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <373552(3)>; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 06:36:35 -1000
Received: from localhost by uhunix1.its.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <135681(6)>; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 06:36:06 -1000
Date: 	Tue, 16 Nov 1999 06:36:00 -1000
From: "J. Charles Delbeek" <delbeek@hawaii.edu>
X-Sender: delbeek@uhunix1
To: Michael Rosenfeld <roz@post.tau.ac.il>
cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: translocation of Porites bommies
In-Reply-To: <3.0.6.32.19991116114754.007c1c40@post.tau.ac.il>
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.10.9911160633190.29973-100000@uhunix1>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "J. Charles Delbeek" <delbeek@hawaii.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 725
On Mon, 15 Nov 1999, Michael Rosenfeld wrote:
> Hi all,
>
> Why would somebody move massive Porites colonies with diameters over 2
> meters (probably over a 100 years old)? We feel that no scientific work can
> justify risking such an old coral that survived for that long. Can't the
> same goal be achieved by using smaller colonies, which are more abundant?
Harbour construction, dreging etc might necessitate the need to move large
corals. The same was planned in Hawaii's Kawaihi area of the Big Island
when that harbour was enlarged.
 Charles
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Nov 16 12:38:30 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA21564 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 12:38:29 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA24156; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 12:47:14 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma024137; Tue, 16 Nov 99 12:47:10 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 12:43:35 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA98026; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 17:28:55 GMT
Received: from austinx.pbsj.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA97601; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 12:28:50 -0500 (EST)
Received: by AUSTINX with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
	id <VM9Z2HB3>; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 11:22:53 -0600
Message-Id: <F54550744074D211BC6B00A0C9E30EB7AE979F@MIAMIX>
From: "Precht, Bill" <Bprecht@pbsj.com>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: RE: translocation of Porites bommies
Date: Tue, 16 Nov 1999 11:19:02 -0600
MIME-Version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Precht, Bill" <Bprecht@pbsj.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 726
In cases where there may be unavoidable impacts to such heads or in some
cases such as with ship groundings... large-massive coral heads have been
righted & moved and re-attached to the bottom using Portland cement... with
great success I might add.
Presently we are working on numerous - similar projects... please contact me
individually for details.
William F. Precht, P.G.
EcoSciences Program Manager
PBS&J
Miami
phone (305) 592-7275 x488
-----Original Message-----
From: Laurie Jeanne Raymundo [mailto:ljr5@cornell.edu]
Sent: Tuesday, November 16, 1999 10:07 AM
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: translocation of Porites bommies
Hello, all:
I have to say I agree with Michael Rosenfeld and Maoz Fine: what is the
point of risking what is bound to be extensive damage to very old massive
Porites colonies by moving them?  Why is this necessary and what is to be
accomplished?  Work by several folks have shown that massives that aren't
firmly attached to the substrate after transplantation do not reestablish
well.  I can't even imagine how one might go about positioning and
cementing such colonies.
Laurie Raymundo
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Nov 16 12:38:29 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA21563 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 12:38:29 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA24158; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 12:47:14 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xmaa24137; Tue, 16 Nov 99 12:47:11 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 12:43:35 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA98288; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 17:32:43 GMT
Message-Id: <199911161732.RAA98288@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: "Juan A. Sanchez" <js15@buffalo.edu>
To: "Laurie Jeanne Raymundo" <ljr5@cornell.edu>,
        <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Cc: <elvira.alvarado@utadeo.edu.com>
References: <3830B47C.3229B53B@gbrmpa.gov.au> <v04003001b457228ce511@[132.236.111.26]>
Subject: Re: translocation of Porites bommies
Date: Tue, 16 Nov 1999 12:27:54 -0500
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Juan A. Sanchez" <js15@buffalo.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 727
Dear All,
I would like to say a couple of things about this interesting issue of
moving (transplanting) massive corals. I am pretty sure that Kirsten
Michalek-Wagner should have very good reasons to move such huge Porites. I
already had a similar experience some years ago in the Colombian
Caribbean.  Cartagena bay is surrounded by some particular coral reefs,
which on the surface fresh waters flow. A steady state of low
transparency, sediments, organic and chemical contamination affects those
coral reefs since four centuries ago. Those reefs, however, are going to
be dredging at the best or physically removed at the worst because of the
expansion of the port. We did a transplantation experiment 22 km away from
the donor reef (some huge Diplorias and Montastreas). We made sure to find
a very similar habitat and we wanted to follow the survivorship of corals.
We actually had to switch the analysis to grazing effects and partial
mortality because any of the colonies died. Those colonies did spawn and
growth during one year. So if those huge colonies (and survivors of a
natural experiment of adaptation to rough environments) are worth (as
Laurie suggested: "the point of risking them" ), why do not move them away
and keep them alive? Many other questions can also be addressed with that
sort of experiments. Those colonies have inside their environmental
history and that can be compared after some time of transplantation, just
to mention something.
    To answer Laurie's question, there are many products to cement corals
underwater. They are just additives to mix with normal cement (SIKA),
which are not very toxic to the environment. The corals will be all set in
about an hour after transplantation and if the coral is very heavy is even
more easy. Cheers,
Very sincerely,
Juan A. Sanchez
Graduate Research assistant
http://www.acsu.buffalo.edu/~js15/
----- Original Message -----
From: Laurie Jeanne Raymundo <ljr5@cornell.edu>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Sent: Tuesday, November 16, 1999 10:06 AM
Subject: Re: translocation of Porites bommies
> Hello, all:
>
> I have to say I agree with Michael Rosenfeld and Maoz Fine: what is the
> point of risking what is bound to be extensive damage to very old massive
> Porites colonies by moving them?  Why is this necessary and what is to be
> accomplished?  Work by several folks have shown that massives that aren't
> firmly attached to the substrate after transplantation do not reestablish
> well.  I can't even imagine how one might go about positioning and
> cementing such colonies.
>
> Laurie Raymundo
>
>
>
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Nov 16 12:50:42 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA21716 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 12:50:42 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA25449; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 12:59:27 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma025350; Tue, 16 Nov 99 12:58:29 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 12:54:49 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA98174; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 17:42:31 GMT
Received: from austinx.pbsj.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA94155; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 12:42:25 -0500 (EST)
Received: by AUSTINX with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
	id <VM9Z2H1W>; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 11:36:25 -0600
Message-Id: <F54550744074D211BC6B00A0C9E30EB7AE97A0@MIAMIX>
From: "Precht, Bill" <Bprecht@pbsj.com>
To: "'coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov'" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: RE: translocation of Porites bommies
Date: Tue, 16 Nov 1999 11:32:34 -0600
MIME-Version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Precht, Bill" <Bprecht@pbsj.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 728
to also answer some of the comments regarding damaging such heads... we have
found that using the proper equipment by trained personnel (i.e. commercial
divers with reef restoration experience & know how)- that essentially no
damage to living tissue occurs...we then transport the coral using lifts to
its predetermined "final" resting place, build a pedastal, and re-attach. we
have done this with corals the size of a fist - to the size of a car.
cheers,
Bill
-----Original Message-----
From: Precht, Bill
Sent: Tuesday, November 16, 1999 12:19 PM
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: RE: translocation of Porites bommies
In cases where there may be unavoidable impacts to such heads or in some
cases such as with ship groundings... large-massive coral heads have been
righted & moved and re-attached to the bottom using Portland cement... with
great success I might add.
Presently we are working on numerous - similar projects... please contact me
individually for details.
William F. Precht, P.G.
EcoSciences Program Manager
PBS&J
Miami
phone (305) 592-7275 x488
-----Original Message-----
From: Laurie Jeanne Raymundo [mailto:ljr5@cornell.edu]
Sent: Tuesday, November 16, 1999 10:07 AM
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: translocation of Porites bommies
Hello, all:
I have to say I agree with Michael Rosenfeld and Maoz Fine: what is the
point of risking what is bound to be extensive damage to very old massive
Porites colonies by moving them?  Why is this necessary and what is to be
accomplished?  Work by several folks have shown that massives that aren't
firmly attached to the substrate after transplantation do not reestablish
well.  I can't even imagine how one might go about positioning and
cementing such colonies.
Laurie Raymundo
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Nov 16 13:50:07 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA23879 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 13:50:06 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA01980; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 13:58:51 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma001912; Tue, 16 Nov 99 13:58:31 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 13:54:58 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA95176; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 18:40:40 GMT
Received: from imo-d09.mx.aol.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA98528; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 13:40:34 -0500 (EST)
From: EricHugo@aol.com
Received: from EricHugo@aol.com
	by imo-d09.mx.aol.com (mail_out_v24.4.) id b.0.d3ed5e57 (4418)
	 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 13:40:27 -0500 (EST)
Message-Id: <0.d3ed5e57.2562ff1b@aol.com>
Date: Tue, 16 Nov 1999 13:40:27 EST
Subject: Re: translocation of Porites bommies
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Mailer: AOL for Macintosh sub 54
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: EricHugo@aol.com
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 729
In a message dated 11/16/99 10:52:25 AM, delbeek@hawaii.edu writes:
<< Harbour construction, dreging etc might necessitate the need to move large
corals. The same was planned in Hawaii's Kawaihi area of the Big Island
when that harbour was enlarged.
 >>
In fact, that is the reason.  I hope Kristen will chime in here, but her
co-worker mentioned to me today that funding is likely for a channel to a
harbor area off Magnetic Island that goes through some large Porites bommies
and that the idea to reroute the channel was not taken.  If I am not
mistaken, I believe that there was a similar situation in Cozumel where large
chunks of reef were relocated.  Was this done by carrying excised chunks
under a barge, if I recall?
Kristen, I sent a list of references to Michelle and they were returned for
some reason.  If you read this, I will try again later.
Eric Borneman
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Nov 16 18:54:28 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id SAA00602 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 18:54:27 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA06991; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 19:03:13 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma006964; Tue, 16 Nov 99 19:02:41 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 18:59:01 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id XAA00399; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 23:46:07 GMT
Received: from solwarra.gbrmpa.gov.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id SAA00394; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 18:45:58 -0500 (EST)
Received: from gbrmpa.gov.au (dhcp-190.gbrmpa.gov.au [146.116.1.190])
	by solwarra.gbrmpa.gov.au (8.8.8/8.8.8) with ESMTP id JAA13674
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 17 Nov 1999 09:43:38 +1000 (EST)
Message-Id: <3831ED28.8B25B25C@gbrmpa.gov.au>
Date: Wed, 17 Nov 1999 09:47:52 +1000
From: Kirsten Michalek-Wagner <kirstenm@gbrmpa.gov.au>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en] (Win95; I)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: translocation of Porites bommies
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Kirsten Michalek-Wagner <kirstenm@gbrmpa.gov.au>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 730
Hi everybody,
first of all thanks to all of you that have responded to my question on
how to possibly relocate Porites bommies. I feel there is the need to
clarify the issue, however, because there is no intention to use the
bommies for any experimental work. I am trying to assess the possibilty
of moving them out of a boat harbour development (for which the permit
is currently assessed) WITHOUT destroying such significant colonies.
Cheers,
Kirsten Michalek-Wagner
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Nov 17 00:42:47 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id AAA03330 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 17 Nov 1999 00:42:46 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id AAA22974; Wed, 17 Nov 1999 00:48:37 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma022959; Wed, 17 Nov 99 00:48:28 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 17 Nov 1999 00:44:52 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id FAA94877; Wed, 17 Nov 1999 05:18:56 GMT
Received: from austinx.pbsj.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id AAA62185; Wed, 17 Nov 1999 00:18:44 -0500 (EST)
Received: by AUSTINX with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
	id <VM9Z2LY1>; Tue, 16 Nov 1999 23:12:47 -0600
Message-Id: <F54550744074D211BC6B00A0C9E30EB7AE97A6@MIAMIX>
From: "Precht, Bill" <Bprecht@pbsj.com>
To: "'EricHugo@aol.com'" <EricHugo@aol.com>, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: RE: translocation of Porites bommies
Date: Tue, 16 Nov 1999 23:16:55 -0600
MIME-Version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Precht, Bill" <Bprecht@pbsj.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 731
for those who may be interested...
the Cozumel project that Eric refered to was performed by Ricardo
Munoz-Chagin... and he published some of the methodology and results in the
Panama Reef Mtg. Proceedings.
The reason the project was implemented was due to a port/dock expansion.
They built a combination artificial/natural reef and relocated &
transplanted everything they could... with great success I might add....This
new reef is adjacent to its original local... and it really looks quite
spectacular...a great case of successful "up-front" mitigation.
cheers,
Bill
-----Original Message-----
From: EricHugo@aol.com [mailto:EricHugo@aol.com]
Sent: Tuesday, November 16, 1999 1:40 PM
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: translocation of Porites bommies
In a message dated 11/16/99 10:52:25 AM, delbeek@hawaii.edu writes:
<< Harbour construction, dreging etc might necessitate the need to move
large
corals. The same was planned in Hawaii's Kawaihi area of the Big Island
when that harbour was enlarged.
 >>
In fact, that is the reason.  I hope Kristen will chime in here, but her
co-worker mentioned to me today that funding is likely for a channel to a
harbor area off Magnetic Island that goes through some large Porites bommies
and that the idea to reroute the channel was not taken.  If I am not
mistaken, I believe that there was a similar situation in Cozumel where
large
chunks of reef were relocated.  Was this done by carrying excised chunks
under a barge, if I recall?
Kristen, I sent a list of references to Michelle and they were returned for
some reason.  If you read this, I will try again later.
Eric Borneman
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Nov 17 07:24:49 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id HAA05823 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 17 Nov 1999 07:24:48 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA02743; Wed, 17 Nov 1999 07:30:39 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma002700; Wed, 17 Nov 99 07:29:38 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 17 Nov 1999 07:25:53 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA95080; Wed, 17 Nov 1999 12:13:23 GMT
Message-Id: <199911171213.MAA95080@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Tue, 16 Nov 1999 15:30:51 -1000
From: John Naughton <John.Naughton@noaa.gov>
To: Kirsten Michalek-Wagner <kirstenm@gbrmpa.gov.au>
CC: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: translocation of Porites bommies
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: John Naughton <John.Naughton@noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 732
Kirsten:
If this is a new boat harbor with significant amounts of large Porites
bommies, I would consider recommending avoidance.  In otherwords, move the
harbor, or at a minimum realign the entrance channel or turning basin to
avoid these large colonies.
In Hawaii we've moved up to 15 tons of coral (including some substantial
bommies), but either at a harbor which was begun in the 1970s and never
completed (Kawaihae Harbor), or for maintenance dredging of corals which
have colonized older existing harbors (several sites in Kaneohe Bay).  Very
old, large colonies should be avoided whenever possible.
Aloha,        John
John Naughton
NMFS, NOAA
Honolulu, Hawaii
Kirsten Michalek-Wagner wrote:
> Hi everybody,
>
> first of all thanks to all of you that have responded to my question on
> how to possibly relocate Porites bommies. I feel there is the need to
> clarify the issue, however, because there is no intention to use the
> bommies for any experimental work. I am trying to assess the possibilty
> of moving them out of a boat harbour development (for which the permit
> is currently assessed) WITHOUT destroying such significant colonies.
>
> Cheers,
>
> Kirsten Michalek-Wagner
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Nov 18 07:17:24 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id HAA28831 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 18 Nov 1999 07:17:23 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA11644; Thu, 18 Nov 1999 07:26:13 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma011569; Thu, 18 Nov 99 07:25:35 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 18 Nov 1999 07:22:10 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id LAA09361; Thu, 18 Nov 1999 11:53:21 GMT
Received: from pearl.aims.gov.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id GAA08738; Thu, 18 Nov 1999 06:53:11 -0500 (EST)
Received: from clivepc.aims.gov.au (ppp-07.aims.gov.au [138.7.56.7])
	by pearl.aims.gov.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id VAA10924
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 18 Nov 1999 21:53:03 +1000 (EST)
Message-Id: <3.0.1.32.19991118214247.0069b0f4@email.aims.gov.au>
X-Sender: cwilkins@email.aims.gov.au
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0.1 (32)
Date: Thu, 18 Nov 1999 21:42:47 +1000
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Clive Wilkinson <c.wilkinson@aims.gov.au>
Subject: West Pacific and South East Asia information
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Clive Wilkinson <c.wilkinson@aims.gov.au>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 733
Coral List.
The GCRMN has funding to prepare reports on the Status of Coral Reefs of:
Federated States of Micronesia, Eastern Indonesia(Wallace line and east),
Eastern Malaysia (Sabah and Sarawak), Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Palau
and Solomon Islands.
There are probably many anecdotal and data-rich reports, either unpublished
or in the grey literature, that we are not aware of.  If you have worked in
these areas (or know of reports) could you please pass the information and
reports to the following who are coordinating the reports:
Federated States of Micronesia and Palau: Noah Idechong and Yimnang Golbuu
in Palau c/o <Pcs@Palaunet.com> Ahser Edward in FSM <aedward@mail.fm>, and
Robert Richmond in Guam <richmond@uog9.uog.edu>
Philippines: Edgardo Gomez <edgomez@msi01.cs.upd.edu.ph>  and Al Licuanan
<coswyl@mail.dlsu.edu.ph>
Eastern Indonesia: David Hopley <David.Hopley@ultra.net.au>
Eastern Malaysia:  Annadel Cabanban <annadelc@ums.edu.my>, Nick Pilcher
<nick@tualang.unimas.my>
Papua New Guinea: Philip.Munday <Philip.Munday@jcu.edu.au>,
Solomon Islands: Cameron Hay <cameron@welkam.solomon.com.sb>
If you have trouble with these addresses, please pass them through me
<c.wilkinson@aims.gov.au>
These reports are the first in a series for all countries with coral reefs
- and will be the basis for the next Status of Coral Reefs of the World: 2000.
Thank you
Clive Wilkinson
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Nov 18 09:08:39 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA01233 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 18 Nov 1999 09:08:38 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA21564; Thu, 18 Nov 1999 09:17:27 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma021521; Thu, 18 Nov 99 09:16:46 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 18 Nov 1999 09:12:53 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA13550; Thu, 18 Nov 1999 13:40:51 GMT
Message-Id: <199911181340.NAA13550@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: <emsa@diario1.sureste.com>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: translocation of Porites bommies
Date: Wed, 17 Nov 1999 14:33:12 -0600
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: <emsa@diario1.sureste.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 734
As Bill mentioned , four years ago I conducted a huge reef =
transplantation program at the construction site of a cruise ships pier =
in Cozumel Island. We moved almost all the hard and soft corals, =
sponges, zoanthids and complete patch reefs existing from the coastline =
to 24 m deep, using lift bags and underwater containers. Corals and =
other reef organisms were re-cemented on 44 artificial substrates made =
by armed concrete. Patch reefs and some big coral colonies were directly =
cemented on an exposed limestone rock which was the base of a living =
reef before it was killed because of cruise ships anchoring. Partial =
results were included in: Proc. 8th Int. Coral Reef Sym. 2:2075-1078.
I have to mention that branched corals are fragile and big colonies =
could be difficult to be released and re-cemented without any injury. =
Sometimes the colony is fractured and the fragments have to be cemented =
separately.
Cheers,
Ricardo Mu=F1oz Chagin
Ecologia y Manejo de Sistemas Arrecifales, S.C.P.
emsa@sureste.com
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Nov 18 09:08:39 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA01232 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 18 Nov 1999 09:08:38 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA21566; Thu, 18 Nov 1999 09:17:26 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xmaa21517; Thu, 18 Nov 99 09:16:47 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 18 Nov 1999 09:12:39 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA13036; Thu, 18 Nov 1999 13:44:30 GMT
Message-Id: <199911181344.NAA13036@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: "Joanna Frame" <jef199@soton.ac.uk>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Marine particles
Date: Wed, 17 Nov 1999 23:03:32 -0000
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Joanna Frame" <jef199@soton.ac.uk>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 735
Hi there!
I am an undergraduate reading Marine Sciences and I am currently working =
on an essay entitled "The Origin and Distribution of Particles in the =
Ocean."  I have researched the topic well and feel I have sufficient =
literature, but I am still having trouble finding information on the =
Wentworth Scale and the actual definition of a (marine) particle.  If =
anyone could help me with this then it would be greatly appreciated. =20
Thank you very much!
Joanna Frame
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Nov 18 16:28:06 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA11495 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 18 Nov 1999 16:28:05 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA10595; Thu, 18 Nov 1999 16:33:54 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma010540; Thu, 18 Nov 99 16:33:19 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 18 Nov 1999 16:29:43 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA10649; Thu, 18 Nov 1999 21:11:16 GMT
Received: from zeus.zeus.cofc.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA15104; Thu, 18 Nov 1999 16:10:50 -0500 (EST)
Received: from elmo2.cofc.edu by zeus.zeus.cofc.edu (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4)
	id QAA04948; Thu, 18 Nov 1999 16:07:54 -0500
Message-Id: <3.0.32.19991118162017.00b36c64@zeus.cofc.edu>
X-Sender: pdustan@zeus.cofc.edu
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0 (32)
Date: Thu, 18 Nov 1999 16:20:23 -0500
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Phillip Dustan <pdustan@zeus.cofc.edu>
Subject: Bill Barada Skin Diver reference
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/enriched; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Phillip Dustan <pdustan@zeus.cofc.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 736
Hi everyone,
I have been trying in vain to obtain the reference to an early article by Bill Barada in Skin Diver Magazine and perhaps someone out there knows the citation. Bill wrote an article in the late 1960's or early 1970's that was the first reference to sedimentation having a negative impact in the Florida Keys. There was a picture of a drag line in operation and the title was something like "sedimetation killing the reefs".
	I know this is pre-web, pre-PADI, NAUI, etc. But can anyone send me the reference.
				Phil
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Phillip Dustan <smaller>	 </smaller>
Department of Biology
College of Charleston
Charleston SC 29424
pdustan@zeus.cofc.edu
www.cofc.edu/~coral
(843) 953-8086
(843)953-5453 Fax
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Nov 19 19:40:31 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id TAA04476 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 19 Nov 1999 19:40:31 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA24722; Fri, 19 Nov 1999 19:49:23 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma024707; Fri, 19 Nov 99 19:48:51 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 19 Nov 1999 19:45:17 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id AAA27086; Sat, 20 Nov 1999 00:30:23 GMT
Message-Id: <199911200030.AAA27086@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Wed, 17 Nov 1999 09:17:52
From: Doug Fenner <d.fenner@aims.gov.au>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Could bombing benefit Vieques reefs?
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Doug Fenner <d.fenner@aims.gov.au>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 737
Regarding the petitions to stop the bombing of Vieques Is, Puerto Rico,
   I seem to remember work some years ago reported in one of the
International Coral Reef Symposiums that looked at the reefs of Vieques,
and found that they were in better shape than the reefs of Puerto Rico.
The bombing had done surprisingly little damage to the reefs, and it had
kept people out of the area, so they hadn't destroyed the reefs as on
Puerto Rico.
   In Hawaii it has been said that the military are unwittingly one of the
islands' biggest conservation agencies, since the islands are dotted with
disused military bases where people cannot buy land and build resorts,
etc.
   Maybe it would be ideal to get the Navy to stop bombing and clean up
everything, but leave the live ordinance lying around to keep people out.
If you let people populate the Vieques as dense as the rest of Puerto Rico
and don't have very effective controls of sediment runoff, fishing, etc,
the reefs may be worse off than with the military there.  What will
replace the military?  -Doug
Douglas Fenner, Ph.D.
Coral Biodiversity/Taxonomist
Australian Institute of Marine Science
PMB No 3
Townsville MC
Queensland 4810
Australia
phone 07 4753 4334
e-mail: d.fenner@aims.gov.au
web: http://www.aims.gov.au
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
To unsubscribe from coral-list please send the following text
in the body of the message to majordomo@coral.aoml.noaa.gov,
unsubscribe coral-list
To subscribe to coral-list, substitute "unsubscribe" instead with,
subscribe coral-list
If you wish to change email addresses, you can combine the above
commands in a single message to majordomo@coral.aoml.noaa.gov.
..................................................................
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Nov 20 09:30:23 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA08195 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 20 Nov 1999 09:30:22 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA11852; Sat, 20 Nov 1999 09:36:15 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma011831; Sat, 20 Nov 99 09:35:38 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 20 Nov 1999 09:32:02 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA27974; Sat, 20 Nov 1999 14:14:34 GMT
Received: from bio.bu.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id JAA31071; Sat, 20 Nov 1999 09:14:22 -0500 (EST)
Received: from localhost (lesk@localhost)
	by bio.bu.edu ((8.8.8.buoit.v1.0)/8.8.8/(BU-S-07/19/99-v1.1)) with SMTP id JAA17105;
	Sat, 20 Nov 1999 09:14:11 -0500 (EST)
Date: Sat, 20 Nov 1999 09:14:11 -0500 (EST)
From: Les Kaufman <lesk@bio.bu.edu>
To: Doug Fenner <d.fenner@aims.gov.au>
cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Could bombing benefit Vieques reefs?
In-Reply-To: <199911200030.AAA27086@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Message-Id: <Pine.SOL.3.96.991120091244.16924G-100000@bio.bu.edu>
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Les Kaufman <lesk@bio.bu.edu>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from Quoted-Printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id JAA08195
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 738
Strong endorsement of Doug's point.
Several on the list have visited or worked at Johnston Atoll, site of a
facility for the disposal of chemical weapons and a place with a history
of environmental insults.  The reef is mostly in very beautiful condition
due to the restrictions on access and use, and is now within a National
Wildlife Sanctuary.
Les Kaufman
Boston University Marine Program
lesk@bio.bu.edu
617-353-5560 office
617-353-6965 lab
617-353-6340 fax
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
To unsubscribe from coral-list please send the following text
in the body of the message to majordomo@coral.aoml.noaa.gov,
unsubscribe coral-list
To subscribe to coral-list, substitute "unsubscribe" instead with,
subscribe coral-list
If you wish to change email addresses, you can combine the above
commands in a single message to majordomo@coral.aoml.noaa.gov.
..................................................................
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov) in Miami, Florida, USA.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Nov 20 19:00:29 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id TAA10491 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 20 Nov 1999 19:00:28 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA22525; Sat, 20 Nov 1999 19:09:22 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma022510; Sat, 20 Nov 99 19:09:19 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 20 Nov 1999 19:05:45 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id XAA32610; Sat, 20 Nov 1999 23:52:46 GMT
Received: from hotmail.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id SAA34171; Sat, 20 Nov 1999 18:52:39 -0500 (EST)
Received: (qmail 52099 invoked by uid 0); 20 Nov 1999 23:52:35 -0000
Message-Id: <19991120235235.52098.qmail@hotmail.com>
Received: from 136.145.142.94 by www.hotmail.com with HTTP;
	Sat, 20 Nov 1999 15:52:33 PST
X-Originating-IP: [136.145.142.94]
From: "Juan Torres" <jltorres38@hotmail.com>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Could bombing benefit Vieques reefs?
Date: Sat, 20 Nov 1999 15:52:33 PST
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Juan Torres" <jltorres38@hotmail.com>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from Quoted-Printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id TAA10491
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 739
Although NAVY's restrictions to the bombing areas in Vieques could impede
people to frequently fish or dive there, damage has already being performed
by the continous bombings. These reefs have been under the attack of the
NAVY's bombs for more than 40 years in the area. Also, NAVY's practices in
Vieques are with live bombs. This aggravates the situation since it is well
known the damage that these can cause to any marine ecosystem. It is not
only the destruction of the reefs, but also all the life that accompanies
it. The fact is that since it is a restricted area, scientists can't enter
there to perform studies regarding the health of these ecosystems.
Best regards,
Juan L. Torres, MS
UPR-Dept. of Marine Sciences
>From: Doug Fenner <d.fenner@aims.gov.au>
>Reply-To: Doug Fenner <d.fenner@aims.gov.au>
>To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
>Subject: Could bombing benefit Vieques reefs?
>Date: Wed, 17 Nov 1999 09:17:52
>
>Regarding the petitions to stop the bombing of Vieques Is, Puerto Rico,
>
>    I seem to remember work some years ago reported in one of the
>International Coral Reef Symposiums that looked at the reefs of Vieques,
>and found that they were in better shape than the reefs of Puerto Rico.
>The bombing had done surprisingly little damage to the reefs, and it had
>kept people out of the area, so they hadn't destroyed the reefs as on
>Puerto Rico.
>
>    In Hawaii it has been said that the military are unwittingly one of the
>islands' biggest conservation agencies, since the islands are dotted with
>disused military bases where people cannot buy land and build resorts,
>etc.
>
>    Maybe it would be ideal to get the Navy to stop bombing and clean up
>everything, but leave the live ordinance lying around to keep people out.
>If you let people populate the Vieques as dense as the rest of Puerto Rico
>and don't have very effective controls of sediment runoff, fishing, etc,
>the reefs may be worse off than with the military there.  What will
>replace the military?  -Doug
>
>Douglas Fenner, Ph.D.
>Coral Biodiversity/Taxonomist
>Australian Institute of Marine Science
>PMB No 3
>Townsville MC
>Queensland 4810
>Australia
>phone 07 4753 4334
>e-mail: d.fenner@aims.gov.au
>web: http://www.aims.gov.au
>
>~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
>To unsubscribe from coral-list please send the following text
>in the body of the message to majordomo@coral.aoml.noaa.gov,
>unsubscribe coral-list
>To subscribe to coral-list, substitute "unsubscribe" instead with,
>subscribe coral-list
>If you wish to change email addresses, you can combine the above
>commands in a single message to majordomo@coral.aoml.noaa.gov.
>..................................................................
>The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
>sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
>(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).
______________________________________________________
Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
To unsubscribe from coral-list please send the following text
in the body of the message to majordomo@coral.aoml.noaa.gov,
unsubscribe coral-list
To subscribe to coral-list, substitute "unsubscribe" instead with,
subscribe coral-list
If you wish to change email addresses, you can combine the above
commands in a single message to majordomo@coral.aoml.noaa.gov.
..................................................................
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov) in Miami, Florida, USA.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Nov 20 23:12:40 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id XAA11299 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 20 Nov 1999 23:12:40 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id XAA28898; Sat, 20 Nov 1999 23:21:34 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028885; Sat, 20 Nov 99 23:20:41 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 20 Nov 1999 23:17:05 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id DAA34201; Sun, 21 Nov 1999 03:54:57 GMT
Received: from hotmail.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id WAA35717; Sat, 20 Nov 1999 22:54:50 -0500 (EST)
Received: (qmail 97965 invoked by uid 0); 21 Nov 1999 03:54:46 -0000
Message-Id: <19991121035446.97964.qmail@hotmail.com>
Received: from 206.99.218.242 by www.hotmail.com with HTTP;
	Sat, 20 Nov 1999 19:54:44 PST
X-Originating-IP: [206.99.218.242]
From: "Edwin Hernandez-Delgado" <coral_giac@hotmail.com>
To: d.fenner@aims.gov.au, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov,
        eco-isla@earthsystems.org
Subject: Re: Could bombing benefit Vieques reefs?
Date: Sat, 20 Nov 1999 19:54:44 PST
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Edwin Hernandez-Delgado" <coral_giac@hotmail.com>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from Quoted-Printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id XAA11299
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 740
Dear Coral Listers.
This is in response to the comments of Dr. Doug Fenner (AIMS) regarding the
destruction of the coral reefs of Vieques Island (Puerto Rico) caused by the
bombing activities carried out by the U.S. NAVY and other NATO countries.
Dr. Fenner seems to defend the idea that it's better to keep the U.S. Navy
blowing out our coral reefs than to have Puerto Ricans developing Vieques
island.  That view was also supported by Les Kaufman.
I agree with the idea that we can not allow Vieques to become another San
Juan(P.R.) or another St. Thomas (USVI), in terms of the model of touristic
development. As a matter of fact, the local Vieques NGO, Comite Pro Rescate
y Desarrollo de Vieques (Committee for the Rescue and Development of
Vieques) has already prepared an alternative sutainable development plan for
a Vieques Island free of the U.S. Navy.  But, I completely disagree with
Fenner's point of view of keeping the U.S. NAVY in Vieques.
Vieques Island is part of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and has a
permanent population of nearly 10,000 residents. It is one of the most
important touristic destinations in the entire Caribbean. But at the same
time, it has been used as a target ground since 1941 by the U.S. Navy and
other NATO countries. 58 years of bombing!!!  Bombing areas are located just
9 miles upwind of Isabel Segunda, the Viques downtown area.  Sometimes, U.S.
Navy pilots have missed targets by up to 10 miles, dropping off bombs just 1
mile off downtown Isabel Segunda!
Residents of Vieques Island also suffer a 26% incidence of cancer, which is
way higher than the average for the main island of Puerto Rico. This means
that almost one of every three viequenses will die from cancer!!!!!  Can
anybody has an explanation for that?
Furthermore, all of the most weird type of weapons developed by the U.S.
Navy have been tested in Vieques, including napalm, all kinds of missiles
and bullets with uranium casings!!!!! And what about biological weapons????
The U.S. Navy keeps residuals of uranium everywhere around the target
areas!!!  And there is also a lagoon which has been used as a dump-site of
toxic wastes.  It has been known for more than two decades that it is
severely polluted (Sanchez, 1978). Has anybody ever questioned if toxic
pollutants are leaching into the coral reefs and segrass beds in the area?
Are edible species incorporating toxics?  Is this related in any way to the
high cancer rate in Vieques? That lagoon became flooded by the sea during
the  2-m storm tide and 6-m waves of Hurricane Lenny last Wednesday.
The U.S. Navy also smashes turtle nesting beaches by its amphibious
vehicles.  What about all conservation agencies?
This is not only a matter of corals and fish, it's politics!  And,
furthermore, it's about people!!!  The U.S. Navy is slowly killing
Viequenses and just killed a civilian on April 19, 1999 because one of their
pilots missed the target (again) with a live bomb.  Although a Puerto Rican
was blown out and split in two pieces by the U.S. Navy, nobody is in jail
yet!
But, let's get back to the reef problem and bombs!
Fenner cited (without mentioning them) the studies of Antonius (1982)
published in the Proc. 4th. Coral Reef Symp. Manila (1981), and probably
those of Antonius and Dodge (1982), which concluded that hurricanes are more
damaging to coral reefs than bombing activities.  These studies focused only
on shallow reef zones (reef front and backreefs), which by the time of the
studies were just smashed by Hurricanes David and Frederick (1979), so their
conclusions were obviously biased.  Moreover, these studies were requested
by the own U.S. Navy.
However, independent studies carried out by Rogers et al. (1978) and
Carrera-Rodriguez (1978) concluded that there was: 1) severe destruction
coral reef frameworks within the maneuver areas; 2) craters were abundant;
3) severe pulverization and fragmentation of coral heads; 4) damage by
sedimentation caused by blasting; 5) impacts from shock waves; 6) toxic
pollution from chemicals carried out in bombs (Lai, 1978); and 7)
significant solid waste disposal in the coral reefs, including, bomb
fragments, flare casings, shells, bullets, parachutes, and other military
stuff.
In addition, according to Cintron (1980) and Vicente (1980), there was also
severe damage to seagrass beds in the area due to bombing and by being
smashed by amphibious vehicles.
Some of my studies in Vieques (Hernandez-Delgado, 1994; 1996; Chapter 2, 3
PhD Dissertation) have shown that Vieques supports coral cover values
ranging from about 5% in shallow flat eolianite reefs, to about 45% in
deeper reefs.  It has been estimated, however, that shelf edge coral reefs
support coral cover values of approximately 50-90%.  These supports one of
the most important reef-based fisheries of the region. So, coral reefs
outside of maneuver areas are still in preety good shape. But fringing reefs
along the northern Vieques shoreline are suffering the chronic effects of
touristic and housing development (Hernandez-Delgado, 1994, 1996, 1997),
including the construction of a
private resort.  This is mostly caused by sedimentation and turbidity. But
bombing areas also suffer from severe run-off, which not only carry out
sediments to the coastal waters, but possibly toxic and radioactive wastes.
Regarding what is the condition of cratered reefs, there is no actual
information from Vieques. The U.S. Navy has never allowed independent
scientists to study the area, as pointed out by Juan Torres, from UPR-Dept.
Marine Sciences.  Even, our Coral Reef Research Group tried to obtain a
permit to study that area, which recieved no answer.
But, I've been able to document in some way the status of former target
coral reefs of Culebra Island. Culebra is located 22 km north of Vieques,
and 27 km off eastern Puerto Rico, and supports a population of about 2,500
citizens.  It was invaded in 1901 by the U.S. Navy and kept bombing the
Culebra arhipelago until 1975.
In summary, there is a striking difference in the coral reef epibenthic and
fish assemblages, when cratered reefs are compared to control sites.
Epibenthic communities
Parameter                  Cratered      Control
Coral species richness     Low           High
H'n                        Low           High
Dominance                  Species       Massive
                           adapted to    corals
                           disturbance
Coral cover                <5%           40-90%
Recruitment of massive     Absent        Common
coral species*
*There is coral recruitment within cratered areas, but the bottom was so
much demolished that it is highly unstable and only high-recruiting species
adapted to disturbance are common (i.e., Siderastrea radians, Porites spp.,
Millepora spp.).
There is no net recovery of coral reefs that were severely demolished by
bombing activities more than 25 years ago.  This suggests that it will take
several human generations to naturally recover these areas, if that can
occur.
Fish communities
Parameter                  Cratered      Control
Fish species richness      Low           High
H'n                        Low           High
Average biomass            Low           High
Average sizes              Smaller       Larger
Abundance of predators     Lower         Higher
Availability of shelter    Rare/absent   High
Fish communities are also severely affected more thatn 25 years ago because
of the lack of reef recovery, and because of the loss of the natural habitat
heterogeneity.  Bombs are also known to produce massive fish kills (IDEA,
1970).
In synthesis, I agree with Fenner's view that Vieques Island coral reefs
must be protected from development, BUT SHOULD NOT BE CLOSED to Puerto
Ricans or viequenses.  THIS IS AN IMPERIALISTIC APPROACH TO CORAL REEF
CONSERVATIONS AND WE, AS PUERTO RICANS, WON'T ACCEPT THAT.
There are several basic conditions that must be met by the U.S. Navy before
leaving: 1) Give back ALL lands to Puerto Ricans; 2) clean all toxic wastes;
3) remove all ordnance; 4) restore polluted areas, target areas, and
destroyed coral reefs and seagrass beds; and 5) provide for the sustainable
development of Vieques.
My recommendations regarding coral reef conservation in Vieques are: 1)
carry out a general assessment of coral reefs and associated habitats within
and outside of the target areas; 2) establish permanent monitoring stations;
3) evaluate the possibility of restoring damaged reefs and segrass bed
areas; 4) remove all unexploded ordnance; 5) evaluate the status of fish
communities in order to identify priority areas for conservation through the
designation as a Marine Fishery Reserve.  A possible network of MFRs could
be an excellent approach to restore overfished stocks outside of the target
areas.
Fenner's intention of protecting coral reefs is excellent. But Puerto
Ricans, specially viequenses and culebrenses, are tired of the imperialistic
approach to conservation issues.  We, as scientists, need to deal with the
reality that we are not dealing only with fish and coral, it's about
people!!!!!!!  And there are a complex array of sociological and
political-historical issues that must be considered when conservation
approaches are proposed. Anything must be discussed with the people of
Vieques first.
Fenner's last question was who will replace the Navy?  It would have been
easier to recommend why don't the Australian government recieves our bombs.
They have plenty of reefs to destroy. Why don't they set a target ground 9
miles off Townsville, just as in Vieques?  I agree with Fenner that we
should not allow weird developers to destroy what Viequenses have been
trying to rescue for 58 years.  But to replace the Navy with the Navy
itself?  Please!!!!!!!!
Regards,
Edwin A. Hernandez-Delgado, M.Sc., Ph.D.C.
Research Associate
University of Puerto Rico
Department of Biology
Coral Reef Research Group
P.O. Box 23360
San Juan, Puerto Rico 00931-3360
coral_giac@hotmail.com
************************************
From: Doug Fenner <d.fenner@aims.gov.au>
Reply-To: Doug Fenner <d.fenner@aims.gov.au>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Could bombing benefit Vieques reefs?
Date: Wed, 17 Nov 1999 09:17:52
Regarding the petitions to stop the bombing of Vieques Is, Puerto Rico,
    I seem to remember work some years ago reported in one of the
International Coral Reef Symposiums that looked at the reefs of Vieques, and
found that they were in better shape than the reefs of Puerto Rico. The
bombing had done surprisingly little damage to the reefs, and it had kept
people out of the area, so they hadn't destroyed the reefs as on Puerto
Rico.
    In Hawaii it has been said that the military are unwittingly one of the
islands' biggest conservation agencies, since the islands are dotted with
disused military bases where people cannot buy land and build resorts, etc.
    Maybe it would be ideal to get the Navy to stop bombing and clean up
everything, but leave the live ordinance lying around to keep people out. If
you let people populate the Vieques as dense as the rest of Puerto Rico and
don't have very effective controls of sediment runoff, fishing, etc, the
reefs may be worse off than with the military there.  What will replace the
military?  -Doug
Douglas Fenner, Ph.D.
Coral Biodiversity/Taxonomist
Australian Institute of Marine Science
PMB No 3
Townsville MC
Queensland 4810
Australia
phone 07 4753 4334
e-mail: d.fenner@aims.gov.au
web: http://www.aims.gov.au
______________________________________________________
Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
To unsubscribe from coral-list please send the following text
in the body of the message to majordomo@coral.aoml.noaa.gov,
unsubscribe coral-list
To subscribe to coral-list, substitute "unsubscribe" instead with,
subscribe coral-list
If you wish to change email addresses, you can combine the above
commands in a single message to majordomo@coral.aoml.noaa.gov.
..................................................................
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov) in Miami, Florida, USA.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Nov 21 00:29:19 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id AAA11519 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 21 Nov 1999 00:29:18 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id AAA00018; Sun, 21 Nov 1999 00:35:11 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma029993; Sun, 21 Nov 99 00:34:41 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sun, 21 Nov 1999 00:30:53 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id FAA32799; Sun, 21 Nov 1999 05:03:25 GMT
Received: from engine2.dhivehinet.net.mv by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id AAA33732; Sun, 21 Nov 1999 00:03:11 -0500 (EST)
Received: from wallison ([202.1.193.79]) by engine2.dhivehinet.net.mv
          (Post.Office MTA v3.5.3 release 223 ID# 0-58493U3000L300S0V35)
          with SMTP id mv; Sun, 21 Nov 1999 10:02:52 +0500
Message-Id: <005201bf33de$0d99c200$7fc101ca@wallison>
From: "William Allison" <wallison@dhivehinet.net.mv>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
References: <19991120235235.52098.qmail@hotmail.com>
Subject: ReefBomb: A Coral Reef Protection Program(me)
Date: Sun, 21 Nov 1999 10:04:52 +0500
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2314.1300
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "William Allison" <wallison@dhivehinet.net.mv>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from Quoted-Printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id AAA11519
Status: RO
X-Status: A
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 741
Doug Fenner's suggestion to leave live ordinance lying about has the merit
of being economical but the policy has increased rather than decreased site
usage in some locations. Instead, controlled charge placement and magnitude
would more effectively discourage site use, control collateral damage, and
facilitate scientific interpretation of results.
Additional issues to be explored for which some of the experiments have been
conducted include:
Does nuclear or conventional weapons testing afford the better ecosystem
protection?Does the approach work in other ecosystems?
&c.
At one level this is a serious discussion about a real issue. At another
level a discussion about bombing reefs to protect them from people seems
surreal.
Bill
William (Bill) Allison
Ma. Maadheli
Majeedhee Magu
Male 20-03
MALDIVES
Tel: (960) 32 9667
Fax: (960) 32 6884
email: wallison@dhivehinet.net.mv
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
To unsubscribe from coral-list please send the following text
in the body of the message to majordomo@coral.aoml.noaa.gov,
unsubscribe coral-list
To subscribe to coral-list, substitute "unsubscribe" instead with,
subscribe coral-list
If you wish to change email addresses, you can combine the above
commands in a single message to majordomo@coral.aoml.noaa.gov.
..................................................................
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov) in Miami, Florida, USA.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Nov 21 12:17:46 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA14179 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 21 Nov 1999 12:17:45 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA14169; Sun, 21 Nov 1999 12:26:39 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma014148; Sun, 21 Nov 99 12:26:36 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sun, 21 Nov 1999 12:22:53 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA37760; Sun, 21 Nov 1999 16:59:09 GMT
Received: from taro.poi.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA36034; Sun, 21 Nov 1999 11:59:01 -0500 (EST)
Received: from default (max2-40.poi.net [209.213.40.59])
	by taro.poi.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id GAA62722
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 21 Nov 1999 06:56:53 -1000 (HST)
	(envelope-from bob@westpacfisheries.net)
Message-Id: <002a01bf3441$8e132080$3b28d5d1@default>
From: "Bob Endreson" <bob@westpacfisheries.net>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Fw: Could bombing benefit Vieques reefs?
Date: Sun, 21 Nov 1999 06:57:48 -1000
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.3612.1700
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3612.1700
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Bob Endreson" <bob@westpacfisheries.net>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from Quoted-Printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id MAA14179
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 742
Why not consider the same plan for Vieques Island  as Kahoolawe here in
Hawaii.   The Navy returned it to the State and created a Marine Protected
Area.  No fishing, no development just an education center and a living lab.
Bob Endreson
-----Original Message-----
From: Edwin Hernandez-Delgado <coral_giac@hotmail.com>
To: d.fenner@aims.gov.au <d.fenner@aims.gov.au>;
coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>;
eco-isla@earthsystems.org <eco-isla@earthsystems.org>
Date: Saturday, November 20, 1999 7:51 PM
Subject: Re: Could bombing benefit Vieques reefs?
>Dear Coral Listers.
>
>This is in response to the comments of Dr. Doug Fenner (AIMS) regarding the
>destruction of the coral reefs of Vieques Island (Puerto Rico) caused by
the
>bombing activities carried out by the U.S. NAVY and other NATO countries.
>Dr. Fenner seems to defend the idea that it's better to keep the U.S. Navy
>blowing out our coral reefs than to have Puerto Ricans developing Vieques
>island.  That view was also supported by Les Kaufman.
>
>I agree with the idea that we can not allow Vieques to become another San
>Juan(P.R.) or another St. Thomas (USVI), in terms of the model of touristic
>development. As a matter of fact, the local Vieques NGO, Comite Pro Rescate
>y Desarrollo de Vieques (Committee for the Rescue and Development of
>Vieques) has already prepared an alternative sutainable development plan
for
>a Vieques Island free of the U.S. Navy.  But, I completely disagree with
>Fenner's point of view of keeping the U.S. NAVY in Vieques.
>
>Vieques Island is part of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and has a
>permanent population of nearly 10,000 residents. It is one of the most
>important touristic destinations in the entire Caribbean. But at the same
>time, it has been used as a target ground since 1941 by the U.S. Navy and
>other NATO countries. 58 years of bombing!!!  Bombing areas are located
just
>9 miles upwind of Isabel Segunda, the Viques downtown area.  Sometimes,
U.S.
>Navy pilots have missed targets by up to 10 miles, dropping off bombs just
1
>mile off downtown Isabel Segunda!
>
>Residents of Vieques Island also suffer a 26% incidence of cancer, which is
>way higher than the average for the main island of Puerto Rico. This means
>that almost one of every three viequenses will die from cancer!!!!!  Can
>anybody has an explanation for that?
>
>Furthermore, all of the most weird type of weapons developed by the U.S.
>Navy have been tested in Vieques, including napalm, all kinds of missiles
>and bullets with uranium casings!!!!! And what about biological weapons????
>The U.S. Navy keeps residuals of uranium everywhere around the target
>areas!!!  And there is also a lagoon which has been used as a dump-site of
>toxic wastes.  It has been known for more than two decades that it is
>severely polluted (Sanchez, 1978). Has anybody ever questioned if toxic
>pollutants are leaching into the coral reefs and segrass beds in the area?
>Are edible species incorporating toxics?  Is this related in any way to the
>high cancer rate in Vieques? That lagoon became flooded by the sea during
>the  2-m storm tide and 6-m waves of Hurricane Lenny last Wednesday.
>
>The U.S. Navy also smashes turtle nesting beaches by its amphibious
>vehicles.  What about all conservation agencies?
>
>This is not only a matter of corals and fish, it's politics!  And,
>furthermore, it's about people!!!  The U.S. Navy is slowly killing
>Viequenses and just killed a civilian on April 19, 1999 because one of
their
>pilots missed the target (again) with a live bomb.  Although a Puerto Rican
>was blown out and split in two pieces by the U.S. Navy, nobody is in jail
>yet!
>
>But, let's get back to the reef problem and bombs!
>
>Fenner cited (without mentioning them) the studies of Antonius (1982)
>published in the Proc. 4th. Coral Reef Symp. Manila (1981), and probably
>those of Antonius and Dodge (1982), which concluded that hurricanes are
more
>damaging to coral reefs than bombing activities.  These studies focused
only
>on shallow reef zones (reef front and backreefs), which by the time of the
>studies were just smashed by Hurricanes David and Frederick (1979), so
their
>conclusions were obviously biased.  Moreover, these studies were requested
>by the own U.S. Navy.
>
>However, independent studies carried out by Rogers et al. (1978) and
>Carrera-Rodriguez (1978) concluded that there was: 1) severe destruction
>coral reef frameworks within the maneuver areas; 2) craters were abundant;
>3) severe pulverization and fragmentation of coral heads; 4) damage by
>sedimentation caused by blasting; 5) impacts from shock waves; 6) toxic
>pollution from chemicals carried out in bombs (Lai, 1978); and 7)
>significant solid waste disposal in the coral reefs, including, bomb
>fragments, flare casings, shells, bullets, parachutes, and other military
>stuff.
>
>In addition, according to Cintron (1980) and Vicente (1980), there was also
>severe damage to seagrass beds in the area due to bombing and by being
>smashed by amphibious vehicles.
>
>Some of my studies in Vieques (Hernandez-Delgado, 1994; 1996; Chapter 2, 3
>PhD Dissertation) have shown that Vieques supports coral cover values
>ranging from about 5% in shallow flat eolianite reefs, to about 45% in
>deeper reefs.  It has been estimated, however, that shelf edge coral reefs
>support coral cover values of approximately 50-90%.  These supports one of
>the most important reef-based fisheries of the region. So, coral reefs
>outside of maneuver areas are still in preety good shape. But fringing
reefs
>along the northern Vieques shoreline are suffering the chronic effects of
>touristic and housing development (Hernandez-Delgado, 1994, 1996, 1997),
>including the construction of a
>private resort.  This is mostly caused by sedimentation and turbidity. But
>bombing areas also suffer from severe run-off, which not only carry out
>sediments to the coastal waters, but possibly toxic and radioactive wastes.
>
>Regarding what is the condition of cratered reefs, there is no actual
>information from Vieques. The U.S. Navy has never allowed independent
>scientists to study the area, as pointed out by Juan Torres, from UPR-Dept.
>Marine Sciences.  Even, our Coral Reef Research Group tried to obtain a
>permit to study that area, which recieved no answer.
>
>But, I've been able to document in some way the status of former target
>coral reefs of Culebra Island. Culebra is located 22 km north of Vieques,
>and 27 km off eastern Puerto Rico, and supports a population of about 2,500
>citizens.  It was invaded in 1901 by the U.S. Navy and kept bombing the
>Culebra arhipelago until 1975.
>
>In summary, there is a striking difference in the coral reef epibenthic and
>fish assemblages, when cratered reefs are compared to control sites.
>
>Epibenthic communities
>
>Parameter                  Cratered      Control
>
>Coral species richness     Low           High
>H'n                        Low           High
>Dominance                  Species       Massive
>                           adapted to    corals
>                           disturbance
>Coral cover                <5%           40-90%
>Recruitment of massive     Absent        Common
>coral species*
>
>*There is coral recruitment within cratered areas, but the bottom was so
>much demolished that it is highly unstable and only high-recruiting species
>adapted to disturbance are common (i.e., Siderastrea radians, Porites spp.,
>Millepora spp.).
>
>There is no net recovery of coral reefs that were severely demolished by
>bombing activities more than 25 years ago.  This suggests that it will take
>several human generations to naturally recover these areas, if that can
>occur.
>
>
>Fish communities
>
>Parameter                  Cratered      Control
>
>Fish species richness      Low           High
>H'n                        Low           High
>Average biomass            Low           High
>Average sizes              Smaller       Larger
>Abundance of predators     Lower         Higher
>Availability of shelter    Rare/absent   High
>
>Fish communities are also severely affected more thatn 25 years ago because
>of the lack of reef recovery, and because of the loss of the natural
habitat
>heterogeneity.  Bombs are also known to produce massive fish kills (IDEA,
>1970).
>
>In synthesis, I agree with Fenner's view that Vieques Island coral reefs
>must be protected from development, BUT SHOULD NOT BE CLOSED to Puerto
>Ricans or viequenses.  THIS IS AN IMPERIALISTIC APPROACH TO CORAL REEF
>CONSERVATIONS AND WE, AS PUERTO RICANS, WON'T ACCEPT THAT.
>
>There are several basic conditions that must be met by the U.S. Navy before
>leaving: 1) Give back ALL lands to Puerto Ricans; 2) clean all toxic
wastes;
>3) remove all ordnance; 4) restore polluted areas, target areas, and
>destroyed coral reefs and seagrass beds; and 5) provide for the sustainable
>development of Vieques.
>
>My recommendations regarding coral reef conservation in Vieques are: 1)
>carry out a general assessment of coral reefs and associated habitats
within
>and outside of the target areas; 2) establish permanent monitoring
stations;
>3) evaluate the possibility of restoring damaged reefs and segrass bed
>areas; 4) remove all unexploded ordnance; 5) evaluate the status of fish
>communities in order to identify priority areas for conservation through
the
>designation as a Marine Fishery Reserve.  A possible network of MFRs could
>be an excellent approach to restore overfished stocks outside of the target
>areas.
>
>Fenner's intention of protecting coral reefs is excellent. But Puerto
>Ricans, specially viequenses and culebrenses, are tired of the
imperialistic
>approach to conservation issues.  We, as scientists, need to deal with the
>reality that we are not dealing only with fish and coral, it's about
>people!!!!!!!  And there are a complex array of sociological and
>political-historical issues that must be considered when conservation
>approaches are proposed. Anything must be discussed with the people of
>Vieques first.
>
>Fenner's last question was who will replace the Navy?  It would have been
>easier to recommend why don't the Australian government recieves our bombs.
>They have plenty of reefs to destroy. Why don't they set a target ground 9
>miles off Townsville, just as in Vieques?  I agree with Fenner that we
>should not allow weird developers to destroy what Viequenses have been
>trying to rescue for 58 years.  But to replace the Navy with the Navy
>itself?  Please!!!!!!!!
>
>Regards,
>
>Edwin A. Hernandez-Delgado, M.Sc., Ph.D.C.
>Research Associate
>University of Puerto Rico
>Department of Biology
>Coral Reef Research Group
>P.O. Box 23360
>San Juan, Puerto Rico 00931-3360
>
>coral_giac@hotmail.com
>
>
>************************************
>
>From: Doug Fenner <d.fenner@aims.gov.au>
>Reply-To: Doug Fenner <d.fenner@aims.gov.au>
>To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
>Subject: Could bombing benefit Vieques reefs?
>Date: Wed, 17 Nov 1999 09:17:52
>
>Regarding the petitions to stop the bombing of Vieques Is, Puerto Rico,
>
>    I seem to remember work some years ago reported in one of the
>International Coral Reef Symposiums that looked at the reefs of Vieques,
and
>found that they were in better shape than the reefs of Puerto Rico. The
>bombing had done surprisingly little damage to the reefs, and it had kept
>people out of the area, so they hadn't destroyed the reefs as on Puerto
>Rico.
>
>    In Hawaii it has been said that the military are unwittingly one of the
>islands' biggest conservation agencies, since the islands are dotted with
>disused military bases where people cannot buy land and build resorts, etc.
>
>    Maybe it would be ideal to get the Navy to stop bombing and clean up
>everything, but leave the live ordinance lying around to keep people out.
If
>you let people populate the Vieques as dense as the rest of Puerto Rico and
>don't have very effective controls of sediment runoff, fishing, etc, the
>reefs may be worse off than with the military there.  What will replace the
>military?  -Doug
>
>Douglas Fenner, Ph.D.
>Coral Biodiversity/Taxonomist
>Australian Institute of Marine Science
>PMB No 3
>Townsville MC
>Queensland 4810
>Australia
>phone 07 4753 4334
>e-mail: d.fenner@aims.gov.au
>web: http://www.aims.gov.au
>
>
>______________________________________________________
>Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com
>~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
>To unsubscribe from coral-list please send the following text
>in the body of the message to majordomo@coral.aoml.noaa.gov,
> unsubscribe coral-list
>To subscribe to coral-list, substitute "unsubscribe" instead with,
> subscribe coral-list
>If you wish to change email addresses, you can combine the above
> commands in a single message to majordomo@coral.aoml.noaa.gov.
>..................................................................
>The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
>sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
>(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov) in Miami, Florida, USA.
>
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
To unsubscribe from coral-list please send the following text
in the body of the message to majordomo@coral.aoml.noaa.gov,
unsubscribe coral-list
To subscribe to coral-list, substitute "unsubscribe" instead with,
subscribe coral-list
If you wish to change email addresses, you can combine the above
commands in a single message to majordomo@coral.aoml.noaa.gov.
..................................................................
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov) in Miami, Florida, USA.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Nov 21 23:16:47 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id XAA16844 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 21 Nov 1999 23:16:47 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id XAA16389; Sun, 21 Nov 1999 23:25:43 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma016376; Sun, 21 Nov 99 23:25:42 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sun, 21 Nov 1999 23:22:02 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id EAA43348; Mon, 22 Nov 1999 04:08:57 GMT
Received: from pearl.aims.gov.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id XAA43159; Sun, 21 Nov 1999 23:08:41 -0500 (EST)
Received: from cw2 ([138.7.37.164])
	by pearl.aims.gov.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id OAA13941
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 22 Nov 1999 14:08:25 +1000 (EST)
Message-Id: <3.0.5.32.19991122141119.00af46c0@email.aims.gov.au>
X-Sender: dfenner@email.aims.gov.au
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0.5 (32)
Date: Mon, 22 Nov 1999 14:11:19
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Doug Fenner <d.fenner@aims.gov.au>
Subject: reef bombing
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Doug Fenner <d.fenner@aims.gov.au>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 743
Coralisters,
   I would like to thank those who have given us more of the facts about
the situation on the reefs of Vieques & Cuelebra off Puerto Rico.  The
future of the Navy and land use there will not only impact reefs, but many
people as well.  And people have a right to control their own destiny and
live free of bombs that miss their targets, and militaries that avoid
responsibilities.
   It seemed to me that we were being asked to support the removal of the
Navy, without knowing what was going to replace them, and without factual
basis to support what appeared to be an obvious fact, that bombing damages
reefs.  I was saying, 'wait a minute, could it be a bit more complicated?'.
   I wouldn't for a minute advocate bombing reefs to conserve them.  I
would fully support a cessation of bombing, strafing, polluting lands and
waters (Activities which the military of the US and many other nations have
carried on in a variety of other locations, and which will cost billions to
clean up- to some extent legacies of the cold war and a lack of concern for
the environment.).  Also those who made the pollution cleaning it up.
   I suggested leaving the live ordinance around, not continued bombing.
My concern is that dense human populations, whether for tourism
development, rural agriculture, or the building of towns and cities, tends
to have very detrimental effects on coral reefs.  Effects that may even be
worse than the military.  No one doubts that corals are damaged in bomb
craters, or in the tracks of landing vehicles.  But in between the bombs
and tracks, the corals may be in very good shape (and the craters and
tracks may cover only part of the reef).  As has been pointed out, we will
not know until the military allows independent investigators in, or the
military leaves.  (and it would be good to remove live ordinance if the
normal destructive effects of dense human populations are avoided)
    Someone has suggested that Bikini and Enewetok atolls may have some of
the most pristine reefs in the world at this point.  Simply because they
have been uninhabited since the 50's when the US tested atomic bombs there.
 It does not follow that we should encourage the military to bomb other
coral reefs.  But it does call into question whether bombing is more
damaging to coral reefs over the long term, or large human populations and
their activities.  And a military reservation without any activities may
preserve reefs very well indeed.
    I suggest that the planning for uses after the military leaves is
crucial.  The number of people allowed into the area, how much construction
will be allowed, whether sediment runoff from construction will be trapped
on land, whether sewage will be treated and piped far out beyond the reefs,
whether fishing will be allowed uncontrolled, whether nutrients will be
running off of the land, whether people will be upstream or downstream of
the reefs- these matters (and others) may be critical.  I'd guess that the
reefs of Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii before the sewage outfalls were diverted, or
Jamaican north shore reefs since 1980 with massive over fishing and
nutrient runoff are in worse shape than the Vieques reef between the bomb
craters.  (I may be wrong)  Of course, with massive bleaching due to El
Nino/Global warming, it may all be a moot question in a couple decades
anyhow.  Where did I park my gas-guzzeler?
   Just a note- my views have nothing to do with AIMS, I'm a US Citizen,
and there is indeed a bombing range in the ocean not far off of Townsville,
Australia, where the Royal Australian Air Force practices, I am told.  -Doug
Douglas Fenner, Ph.D.
Coral Biodiversity/Taxonomist
Australian Institute of Marine Science
PMB No 3
Townsville MC
Queensland 4810
Australia
phone 07 4753 4334
e-mail: d.fenner@aims.gov.au
web: http://www.aims.gov.au
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov 22 08:44:05 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA20191 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 22 Nov 1999 08:44:05 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA14672; Mon, 22 Nov 1999 08:49:57 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xmaa14610; Mon, 22 Nov 99 08:49:51 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 22 Nov 1999 08:45:44 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA46222; Mon, 22 Nov 1999 13:30:29 GMT
Received: from mailbox.univie.ac.at by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id IAA34711; Mon, 22 Nov 1999 08:30:18 -0500 (EST)
Received: from 131.130.152.132 (getoff.msp.univie.ac.at [131.130.152.132])
	by mailbox.univie.ac.at (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id OAA34054
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 22 Nov 1999 14:30:00 +0100
Message-Id: <199911221330.OAA34054@mailbox.univie.ac.at>
From: arnfried.antonius@univie.ac.at
Comments: Authenticated sender is a8731mca@mailbox.univie.ac.at
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Date:          Mon, 22 Nov 1999 15:16:19 +0000
Subject: Vieques reef bombing
X-Confirm-Reading-To: arnfried.antonius@univie.ac.at
X-pmrqc:       1
Priority: normal
X-mailer: Pegasus Mail/Mac (v2.2.1)
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: arnfried.antonius@univie.ac.at
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 744
Hello coraleros,
long ago it has been shown that the damage of Navy bombings on reefs is negligible
when compared to naturally occurring reef destruction.  Reference:
Antonius, A. & Weiner, A..  1982.  Coral Reefs under Fire.  P.S.Z.N.I: Marine Ecology,
3 (3): 255-277.
Would be interesting to find out whether the situation is still the same (or at least
similar) today.
Best regards,    Arnfried
---------------------------------------------------------------
Dr. Arnfried J. ANTONIUS               phone: 0043-1-31336-9734
Institute of Palaeontology             fax: 0043-1-31336-784
University of Vienna
Geozentrum
Althanstr. 14
A-1090 WIEN                        e-mail: arnfried.antonius@univie.ac.at
Austria
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instrucitons on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov 22 09:21:54 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA21049 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 22 Nov 1999 09:21:52 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA19646; Mon, 22 Nov 1999 09:27:43 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xmaa19548; Mon, 22 Nov 99 09:27:10 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 22 Nov 1999 09:23:36 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA39431; Mon, 22 Nov 1999 14:12:17 GMT
Received: from bio.bu.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id JAA44233; Mon, 22 Nov 1999 09:12:07 -0500 (EST)
Received: from localhost (lesk@localhost)
	by bio.bu.edu ((8.8.8.buoit.v1.0)/8.8.8/(BU-S-07/19/99-v1.1)) with SMTP id JAA12184;
	Mon, 22 Nov 1999 09:11:52 -0500 (EST)
Date: Mon, 22 Nov 1999 09:11:51 -0500 (EST)
From: Les Kaufman <lesk@bio.bu.edu>
To: Doug Fenner <d.fenner@aims.gov.au>
cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: reef bombing
In-Reply-To: <3.0.5.32.19991122141119.00af46c0@email.aims.gov.au>
Message-Id: <Pine.SOL.3.96.991122090748.10693B-100000@bio.bu.edu>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Les Kaufman <lesk@bio.bu.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 745
Doug Fenner's comments obviously reflect the voice of reason, but we still
need a consistent policy of "no net loss" for coral reefs to local
disturbance, just as we (more or less) have for wetlands in the US.  The
military reserves that happen to include coral reefs are an irreplaceable
resource that it is now time to safeguard.  The military is already doing
quite a bit to this end.  The problem arises when military facilities are
decomissioned.  Who bears responsibility for problems that emerge after
final clean-up?  Shouldn't all coral reef areas under military stewardship
automatically become national wildlife refuges?  We're not talking about
that much area in total.  Where a native people is involved, they too must
be taken into consideration, for they are being denied the opportunities
for economic development that others take for granted, or for greed.
Les Kaufman
Boston University Marine Program
Department of Biology
5 Cummington Street
Boston, MA 02215
lesk@bio.bu.edu
617-353-5560 office
617-353-6965 lab
617-353-6340 fax
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instrucitons on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov 22 12:19:13 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA26126 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 22 Nov 1999 12:19:12 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA14809; Mon, 22 Nov 1999 12:25:03 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma014708; Mon, 22 Nov 99 12:24:49 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 22 Nov 1999 12:20:52 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA47613; Mon, 22 Nov 1999 17:03:21 GMT
Received: from dnsman.oce.orst.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA43580; Mon, 22 Nov 1999 12:03:11 -0500 (EST)
Received: from nancy.OCE.ORST.EDU (nancy.OCE.ORST.EDU [128.193.64.119])
	by dnsman.oce.orst.edu (8.9.2/8.9.2) with ESMTP id JAA19997;
	Mon, 22 Nov 1999 09:02:55 -0800 (PST)
Date: Mon, 22 Nov 1999 09:02:55 -0800 (PST)
From: Maggie Sommer <msommer@oce.orst.edu>
To: Les Kaufman <lesk@bio.bu.edu>
cc: Doug Fenner <d.fenner@aims.gov.au>, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: reef bombing
In-Reply-To: <Pine.SOL.3.96.991122090748.10693B-100000@bio.bu.edu>
Message-Id: <Pine.SO4.4.05.9911220812260.3324-100000@nancy.OCE.ORST.EDU>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Maggie Sommer <msommer@oce.orst.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 746
I concur with Les Kaufman's point that coral reefs in areas under military
control may be likely to be in relatively good condition (excepting, of
course, the occasional crater) and should be priority candidates for
reserve status.  A number of points came to mind as I considered the
issue:  IF the relevant parties are in agreement that reserves are a
necessary means of preservation, then I suggest that decommissioned
military zones may have a relatively low impact on local {fishing}
populations, as these people must have already altered their fishing
practices to avoid the off-limits region; whereas the declaration of a new
area as a reserve would be a burden in the form of further changes.  It
also could be the case in some areas that where there has been limited
human impact on a reef system, it already harbors large, fecund
populations of harvestable species, which would {does already?} serve to
perform one of the goals of a marine protected area--to enhance fisheries
in neighboring, exploited waters.
On the other hand, perhaps it would be more beneficial to people and reef
to allow fishing in the previously, de facto, protected area; and to set
aside a more 'degraded' section of reef for recovery, as in a rotating
scheme.  Short-term gain for fishers in terms of access to new areas/fish;
potential long-term gain from recovery (from fishing pressure, at least;
unless matters such as sediment/nudrient runoff etc. are addressed in
conjunction with reserve designation) of previously impacted zones.
And now back to the other side of the fence for one last point--are we
confident in the military's ability to remove all live ordnance from a
marine practice area?  There certainly has been a lot of news coverage
recently on the huge number of unexploded bombs of all shapes and sizes,
land mines, etc. throughout the world (Laos in particular was the subject
of a NPR story last week).  As [one hopes] people using a marine
environment for resource extraction or recreation will have less contact
with the bottom and thus any live munitions overlooked by military
clean-up crews than would farmers in a mined or bomb-strewn region, it
should be less of a threat than on land.  But is it worth the risk of even
one fisherman getting blown to bits?  I suppose after all these twists I
come out in favor of recommending that demilitarized reef areas be made
reserves.
And one question--I don't see how a "no net loss" policy similar to the
wetlands practices is feasible in coral reef systems:  it is my
understanding (but I may be wrong on any of these points) that no net loss
is achieved by "creating" wetlands roughly equivalent in size and function
to ones destroyed during development.  I suspect this is done by grading
with heavy equipment, then planting specimens of appropriate plant
varieties which have been grown in a lab/nursery until they are already
fairly large and hardy, and then hoping that if they build it, the
insects, birds, amphibians
etc. will come.  It seems to me that this process would be much more
difficult to accomplish with a reef, due to much slower growth of corals
and difficulty with culture and transportation (large bommie
translocation discussion notwithstanding, since the point of 'no net
loss' would be to replace damaged/destroyed reef with "new" reef, not just
relocated corals etc.).
I hope Mr. Kaufman will forgive me if I have
misunderstood his comments, and I certainly invite any corrrections to my
assumptions, or further comments.
Maggie Sommer
M.S. student
Marine Resource Management Program
College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences
Oregon State University
Corvallis, Oregon
On Mon, 22 Nov 1999, Les Kaufman wrote:
> Doug Fenner's comments obviously reflect the voice of reason, but we still
> need a consistent policy of "no net loss" for coral reefs to local
> disturbance, just as we (more or less) have for wetlands in the US.  The
> military reserves that happen to include coral reefs are an irreplaceable
> resource that it is now time to safeguard.  The military is already doing
> quite a bit to this end.  The problem arises when military facilities are
> decomissioned.  Who bears responsibility for problems that emerge after
> final clean-up?  Shouldn't all coral reef areas under military stewardship
> automatically become national wildlife refuges?  We're not talking about
> that much area in total.  Where a native people is involved, they too must
> be taken into consideration, for they are being denied the opportunities
> for economic development that others take for granted, or for greed.
>
> Les Kaufman
> Boston University Marine Program
> Department of Biology
> 5 Cummington Street
> Boston, MA 02215
> lesk@bio.bu.edu
> 617-353-5560 office
> 617-353-6965 lab
> 617-353-6340 fax
>
>
> ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
> The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
> sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
> (CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
> for instrucitons on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
>
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Nov 23 08:41:00 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA10711 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 23 Nov 1999 08:41:00 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA11796; Tue, 23 Nov 1999 08:49:57 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma011769; Tue, 23 Nov 99 08:49:26 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 23 Nov 1999 08:46:03 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA00980; Tue, 23 Nov 1999 13:27:22 GMT
Message-Id: <199911231327.NAA00980@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: "Jose Manuel Lopez-Diaz" <jo_lopez@rumac.uprm.edu>
To: <arnfried.antonius@univie.ac.at>, <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Re:       Vieques reef bombing
Date: Mon, 22 Nov 1999 16:29:58 -0400
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Jose Manuel Lopez-Diaz" <jo_lopez@rumac.uprm.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 747
It is high time to revisit this question by independent investigators.
Vieques reefs offer a unique opportunity.  Massive destruction,
radioactive and chemical contamination will be evidenced.  To extrapolate
the specific "findings" of Antonius and Weiner (1982) that "Navy bombings
on reefs is negligible" is a serious mistake.  Who paid for that study
anyway?
JMLopez
----- Original Message -----
From: <arnfried.antonius@univie.ac.at>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Sent: Monday, November 22, 1999 11:16 AM
Subject: Vieques reef bombing
> Hello coraleros,
>
> long ago it has been shown that the damage of Navy bombings on reefs is negligible
> when compared to naturally occurring reef destruction.  Reference:
>
> Antonius, A. & Weiner, A..  1982.  Coral Reefs under Fire.  P.S.Z.N.I: Marine Ecology,
> 3 (3): 255-277.
>
> Would be interesting to find out whether the situation is still the same (or at least
> similar) today.
>
> Best regards,    Arnfried
> ---------------------------------------------------------------
> Dr. Arnfried J. ANTONIUS               phone: 0043-1-31336-9734
> Institute of Palaeontology             fax: 0043-1-31336-784
> University of Vienna
> Geozentrum
> Althanstr. 14
> A-1090 WIEN                        e-mail: arnfried.antonius@univie.ac.at
> Austria
> ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
> The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
> sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
> (CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
> for instrucitons on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Nov 23 18:10:57 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id SAA23070 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 23 Nov 1999 18:10:56 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA14785; Tue, 23 Nov 1999 18:19:55 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma014739; Tue, 23 Nov 99 18:19:22 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 23 Nov 1999 18:15:46 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id WAA04795; Tue, 23 Nov 1999 22:59:18 GMT
Received: from hotmail.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA04742; Tue, 23 Nov 1999 17:59:11 -0500 (EST)
Received: (qmail 9269 invoked by uid 0); 23 Nov 1999 22:59:08 -0000
Message-Id: <19991123225908.9268.qmail@hotmail.com>
Received: from 208.136.102.67 by www.hotmail.com with HTTP;
	Tue, 23 Nov 1999 14:59:06 PST
X-Originating-IP: [208.136.102.67]
From: "Flinn Curren" <flinnc@hotmail.com>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Position Announcement
Date: Tue, 23 Nov 1999 14:59:06 PST
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Flinn Curren" <flinnc@hotmail.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 748
The following position is currently open:
Chief Biologist
Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources
American Samoa Government
Pago Pago, AS
Qualifications:  The minimum of an M.Sc. in marine biology or closely
related
field with a strong background in tropical multi-species fisheries
monitoring
and research, and demonstrated management and interpersonal skills in
cross-cultural situations.
Responsibilities: Supervision of wildlife and fisheries research programs,
analysis of fisheries data, develop, coordinate and conduct research
programs
and activities in conjunction with other territorial and federal agencies,
preparation of proposals and reports.
Salary: $28,000 per year with a two year contract.
Leave: Annual and sick leave accumulate at 8 hours and 4 hours per bi-weekly
pay
period.
Subsidized housing and medical services.
Closing Date: December 15, 1999
Please view the website listed below for more information.
Contact:
Ray Tulafono, Director
Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources
P.O. Box 3730
Pago Pago, AS 96799
telephone:      (684) 633-4456
fax:            (684) 633-5944
email:  dmwr@samoatelco.com Subject: Chief Biologist Recruitment
website:  http://wpacfin.nmfs.hawaii.edu/as/as_dmwr_fram.htm
______________________________________________________
Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Nov 24 12:03:28 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA04982 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 24 Nov 1999 12:03:28 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA11479; Wed, 24 Nov 1999 12:09:23 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma011421; Wed, 24 Nov 99 12:08:59 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 24 Nov 1999 12:05:14 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA10818; Wed, 24 Nov 1999 16:42:19 GMT
Received: from io.tv2.dk by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA10815; Wed, 24 Nov 1999 11:42:13 -0500 (EST)
Received: from venus.tv2.dk - 120.0.1.3 by io.tv2.dk  with Microsoft SMTPSVC(5.5.1774.114.11);
	 Wed, 24 Nov 1999 17:40:44 +0100
Received: by venus.tv2.dk with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
	id <X16MYHTR>; Wed, 24 Nov 1999 17:42:26 +0100
Message-Id: <13ECAFDF66D2D21193DD0008C70DD94F17DBCE@oberon.tv2.dk>
From: Michael Jensen <mjen@tv2.dk>
To: "'coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov'" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Cc: Michael Jensen <mjen@tv2.dk>
Subject: Cyanid and Dynamite vs corals
Date: Wed, 24 Nov 1999 17:46:47 +0100
MIME-Version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
Content-Type: text/plain
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Michael Jensen <mjen@tv2.dk>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 749
Dear List
I have a project doing an article about how some people are fishing in
Vietnam, with Cyanid and Dynamite and on how they offcause destroy the
corals. Dos anybode know where to find more material on this matter.??
Thanking in advance.
Michael Jensen
Denmark
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Nov 24 13:58:07 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA10739 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 24 Nov 1999 13:58:06 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA21802; Wed, 24 Nov 1999 14:04:01 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma021756; Wed, 24 Nov 99 14:03:19 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 24 Nov 1999 13:59:58 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA11619; Wed, 24 Nov 1999 18:43:36 GMT
Received: from gibson.acpub.duke.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA11686; Wed, 24 Nov 1999 13:43:30 -0500 (EST)
Received: from leguin.acpub.duke.edu (leguin.acpub.duke.edu [152.3.233.12])
	by gibson.acpub.duke.edu (8.8.5/Duke-4.7.1) with ESMTP id NAA26696;
	Wed, 24 Nov 1999 13:35:02 -0500 (EST)
Received: from hnearing (hnearing.ml.duke.edu [152.16.52.88])
	by leguin.acpub.duke.edu (8.8.5/Duke-4.7.1) with SMTP id NAA29141;
	Wed, 24 Nov 1999 13:34:58 -0500 (EST)
Message-Id: <3.0.1.32.19991124133344.00910bc0@mail-hn.mail.duke.edu>
X-Sender: hnearing@mail-hn.mail.duke.edu
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.1 (32)
Date: Wed, 24 Nov 1999 13:33:44 -0600
To: hnearing@duke.edu
From: Helen Nearing <hnearing@duke.edu>
Subject: Duke Univ Marine Lab summer program
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Helen Nearing <hnearing@duke.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 750
PLEASE EXCUSE CROSS LISTING
	Duke University Integrated Marine Conservation Program
	The Nicholas School of the Environment Marine Laboratory at Duke
University is offering an unparalleled educational opportunity from July 10
to August 11, 2000.  Duke's Integrated Marine Conservation Program teaches
the principles necessary for the conservation and preservation of the coastal
and oceanic environment.  The focus is on interdisciplinary problem
solving--using natural and social science theory to resolve real world
environmental problems.
	The Duke summer faculty will be joined by distinguished scholars from
around the country for this intensive five week program.
	Participants in the Integrated Marine Conservation Program usually
enroll in the program's 'core' course (Conservation Biology and Policy) and
one of seven elective courses offered concurrently.  Enrollment in any one
course is also possible.
	Scholarships are available, including several earmarked for
international students.  In order to receive full consideration, applications
for general scholarships must be received by March 1. Applications for
international student scholarships must be received by April 1.  Applications
for the Integrated Marine Conservation Program will be accepted until the
program is full.
	For further information, see our web site at
http://www.env.duke.edu/marinelab/mlterm2.html or contact Ms. Helen Nearing at
hnearing@duke.edu, (252) 504-7502.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Nov 24 14:21:39 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA11207 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 24 Nov 1999 14:21:38 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA25737; Wed, 24 Nov 1999 14:30:38 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma025610; Wed, 24 Nov 99 14:29:38 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 24 Nov 1999 14:26:15 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA11796; Wed, 24 Nov 1999 19:10:04 GMT
Received: from relay3.smtp.psi.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA11777; Wed, 24 Nov 1999 14:09:53 -0500 (EST)
From: JSobel@DCCMC.ORG
Received: from [38.200.235.131] (helo=EXCH_BDC.DCCMC)
	by relay3.smtp.psi.net with esmtp (Exim 1.90 #1)
	for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
	id 11qhox-00035z-00; Wed, 24 Nov 1999 14:11:15 -0500
Received: by smtp.dcccmc.org with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
	id <XQ97N93X>; Wed, 24 Nov 1999 14:12:47 -0500
Message-Id: <9188D24F318ED31198E300A0C9D81E0401B607@smtp.dcccmc.org>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Cc: Company@DCCMC.ORG
Subject: Vieques Island:  Protection should be comprehensive!
Date: Wed, 24 Nov 1999 14:12:46 -0500
MIME-Version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
Content-Type: multipart/mixed;
	boundary="----_=_NextPart_000_01BF36AF.E4771960"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: JSobel@DCCMC.ORG
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 751
This message is in MIME format. Since your mail reader does not understand
this format, some or all of this message may not be legible.
------_=_NextPart_000_01BF36AF.E4771960
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
The coral reef list-server has once again provided an excellent, neutral
forum for sharing many perspectives and providing much useful information
regarding the controversial and emotional issues facing Vieques Island's
coral reefs and military use of this important area.  The dialogue to date
has been very instructive and informative to me and I would like to thank
the List-server providers and all of those who have shared their
perspectives on Vieques.  Here is one more:
As ecosystem director for the Center for Marine Conservation (CMC), I was
approached both through the list-server and directly by the Commonwealth of
Puerto Rico, the law firm representing them, local NGO's from Puerto Rico,
and coral reef scientists with requests to sign onto a group letter
emphasizing the need to stop the bombing and get the military out of Vieques
due to its impact on coral reefs.  I also had the privilege of attending the
U.S. Coral Reef Task Force meeting in St. Croix and hearing several
excellent presentations on Vieques and discussing this with presenters and
attendees familiar with Vieques.
CMC elected not to sign onto the group letter that was circulated due to its
sole focus on the bombing issue and our belief that any solution to
protecting Vieques' coral reefs would have to be more comprehensive and
long-term.  Instead, we sent our own letter (see below) together with EDF
that supported an end to the bombing and other military activities impacting
the island's coral reefs and other natural resources, but stressing that a
more comprehensive solution is essential, especially if the military pulls
out.  Our belief is that such a solution will need to include protected
areas on land and in the water and stringent conservation measures
applicable to those areas that are developed.  Designation of a National
Wildlife Refuge, as was done for Culebra and other former military lands,
may be a piece of this solution.  There are other approaches worth
considering and we don't believe a comprehensive solution need be
"Imperialistic", but must address issues other than bombing and military
activities and provide concrete protection with regard to other threats.
The list-server dialogue has strengthened my belief that the more
comprehensive approach called for in our letter is absolutely critical.
Simply promoting "sustainable development", without defining what this means
will likely not protect Vieques reefs, other natural resources, or the human
community on Vieques for that matter.  Edwin Hernandez-Delgado indicated in
his email that a local Vieques NGO, Comite Pro Rescate y Desarrollo de
Vieques, has prepared an altenative sustainable development plan for a
Vieques Island free of the Navy.  We would like to see this plan posted or
at least have information on how to obtain it provided.  In our
conversations with those who were asking us to sign the group letter, those
representing the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and others voiced support for
more comprehensive protection, but were unwilling to state or commit to a
written position other than calling for an immediate end to the bombing and
withdrawal of the military.  This position concerns us, in that, if the
military does withdraw, development pressures similar to those that occurred
elsewhere in Puerto Rico and beyond may overwhelm good intentions with
respect to Vieques and its local community, unless there is already a
comprehensive protection plan in place for its coral reefs and other natural
resources.   The time to provide such protection is prior to any decision on
a military pull-out.  The letter we sent follows:
		November 16, 1999
President William J. Clinton
The White House
1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20500
Dear Mr. President:
On behalf of the Center for Marine Conservation (CMC) and the Environmental
Defense Fund (EDF), we are writing to urge you to exercise all of your
relevant authorities to permanently protect the coral reefs and associated
tropical marine and coastal ecosystems on and surrounding the Island of
Vieques, Puerto Rico.  We encourage you to find a resolution to current
Department of Defense (DOD) activities that may threaten these systems and
the fish and wildlife that depend on them, and a long-term solution that
would provide comprehensive protection for these vital natural resources.
In particular, we ask that you (1) extend the current moratorium and secure
a permanent ban on all live fire military exercises and bombing activities
that threaten natural resources in the vicinity of Vieques; and (2) develop
and implement a strategy to fully and permanently protect the coral reef and
related ecosystems on and near Vieques, including development of a national
wildlife refuge, national park, or other appropriate protected area(s).
Vieques is home to some of the most extraordinary ecosystems on the planet,
including three of the world's seven surviving bioluminescent bays and some
of the healthiest and most diverse coral reefs found in U.S. Carribean
territorial waters.  The Island also provides important habitat for numerous
species protected under the Endangered Species Act including manatees, brown
pelicans, and green, hawksbill, leatherback, and loggerhead sea turtles, as
well as several endangered plants.  While naval bombing and use of Vieques
has resulted in some significant harm to the Island's fragile marine and
terrestrial ecology and raised legitimate concerns among the island's
population, the federal holdings on the island have also forestalled other
potentially harmful development and limited natural resource extraction that
may pose an equal or greater long-term threat to the island's natural
resources.  Any long-term strategy to protect Vieques' natural resources
must include not only a cessation of bombing, but also a comprehensive
approach that protects these sensitive systems from coastal development and
natural resource extraction.
Your Executive Order 13089 on Coral Reef Protection sets very high standards
for Federal agencies and the Nation to both prevent degradation and enhance
protection for coral reef ecosystems. Its stated policy requires all Federal
agencies to:
(1) "utilize their programs and authorities to protect and enhance the
conditions of such ecosystems"
(2) "ensure that any actions they authorize, fund, or carry out will not
degrade the conditions of such ecosystems."
With regard to Vieques, continued live bombing of the island's coral reef
ecosystems appears clearly inconsistent with the no-degradation standard of
the Executive Order and to require implementation of an extended moratorium
and permanent prohibition.  However, addressing only the bombing issue would
fall far short of the Executive Order's stated policy regarding the
protection and enhancement of coral reef ecosystems.  DOD and all federal
agencies are also required to use their programs and authorities to protect
such systems.  Given the relatively healthy condition and importance of
Vieques' coral reef ecosystems, the policy requires that all agencies
maintain and enhance that level of protection.  In our view, cessation of
bombing must be combined with more comprehensive protection to fulfill the
letter and spirit of the Executive Order.  Development and implementation of
a national wildlife refuge or similar protective regime would be one way of
accomplishing this.
Sincerely,
Jack Sobel, Ecosystem Director			Doug Rader, Senior Scientist
Center for Marine Conservation			Environmental Defense Fund
 <<ViequesLetter.rtf>>
*********************************
Jack Sobel, Director
Ecosystem Program
Center for Marine Conservation
1725 DeSales St. NW, Suite #600
Washington, DC  20036
Phone:  (202) 429-5609
Fax:  (202) 872-0619
Email:  jsobel@dccmc.org
*********************************
------_=_NextPart_000_01BF36AF.E4771960
Content-Type: application/rtf;
	name="ViequesLetter.rtf"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename="ViequesLetter.rtf"
{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\uc1 =
\deff0\deflang1033\deflangfe1033{\fonttbl{\f0\froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\=
panose 02020603050405020304}Times New =
Roman;}{\f28\froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman =
CE;}{\f29\froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}
{\f31\froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman =
Greek;}{\f32\froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman =
Tur;}{\f33\froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman =
(Hebrew);}{\f34\froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}
{\f35\froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman =
Baltic;}}{\colortbl;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green2=
55\blue255;\red0\green255\blue0;\red255\green0\blue255;\red255\green0\bl=
ue0;\red255\green255\blue0;\red255\green255\blue255;
\red0\green0\blue128;\red0\green128\blue128;\red0\green128\blue0;\red128=
\green0\blue128;\red128\green0\blue0;\red128\green128\blue0;\red128\gree=
n128\blue128;\red192\green192\blue192;}{\stylesheet{\ql =
\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0=20
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \snext0 =
Normal;}{\*\cs10 \additive Default Paragraph Font;}{\*\cs15 \additive =
footnote reference;}{\s16\ql =
\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0=20
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 =
\snext16 footer;}{\*\cs17 \additive \sbasedon10 page =
number;}}{\info{\title DRAFT LETTER }{\author Jack Sobel}{\operator =
Jack Sobel}{\creatim\yr1999\mo11\dy24\hr13\min57}
{\revtim\yr1999\mo11\dy24\hr13\min57}{\printim\yr1999\mo11\dy16\hr12\min=
18}{\version2}{\edmins0}{\nofpages2}{\nofwords566}{\nofchars3230}{\*\com=
pany Ctr. For Marine =
Conservation}{\nofcharsws3966}{\vern8247}}\margl1440\margr1440=20
\widowctrl\ftnbj\aenddoc\aftnnar\notabind\wraptrsp\transmf\noxlattoyen\e=
xpshrtn\noultrlspc\dntblnsbdb\nospaceforul\truncatefontheight\subfontbys=
ize\sprsbsp\wpjst\lytprtmet\hyphcaps0\horzdoc\dghspace120\dgvspace120\dg=
horigin1701\dgvorigin1984\dghshow0
\dgvshow3\jcompress\viewkind1\viewscale84\viewzk2\nolnhtadjtbl =
\fet0\sectd =
\sbknone\linex0\headery1440\footery1440\titlepg\sectdefaultcl {\footer =
\pard\plain \s16\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar
\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\pvpara\phmrg\posxc\posy0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 =
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 =
{\field{\*\fldinst {\cs17 PAGE  }}{\fldrslt =
{\cs17\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof 2}}}{\cs17=20
\par }\pard \s16\ql =
\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 {
\par }}{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxta =
.}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxta =
.}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxta =
.}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxta )}}
{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta =
)}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta =
)}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta =
)}}{\*\pnseclvl8
\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta =
)}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta =
)}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 =
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24=20
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4680\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 =
{\fs28 \tab \tab November 16, 1999
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\fs28=20
\par=20
\par President William J. Clinton
\par The White House
\par 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W.
\par Washington, D.C. 20500
\par=20
\par Dear Mr. President:
\par=20
\par On behalf of the Center for Marine Conservation (CMC) and the =
Environmental Defense Fund (EDF), we are writing t
o urge you to exercise all of your relevant authorities to permanently =
protect the coral reefs and associated tropical marine and coastal =
ecosystems on and surrounding the Island of Vieques, Puerto Rico.  We =
encourage you to find a resolution to current D
e
partment of Defense (DOD) activities that may threaten these systems =
and the fish and wildlife that depend on them, and a long-term solution =
that would provide comprehensive protection for these vital natural =
resources.  In particular, we ask that you (1)
=20
extend the current moratorium and secure a permanent ban on all live =
fire military exercises and bombing activities that threaten natural =
resources in the vicinity of Vieques; and (2) develop and implement a =
strategy to fully and permanently protect the c
oral reef and related ecosystems on and near Vieques, including =
development of a national wildlife refuge, national park, or other =
appropriate protected area(s).
\par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\fs28=20
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\fs28 =
Vieques is home to some of the most extraordinary ecosystems on the =
planet, including three of the world\rquote=20
s seven surviving bioluminescent bays and some of the healthiest and =
most diverse coral reefs found in U.S. Carribean territorial waters.  =
The Island also provides important habitat for numerous species =
protected under the Endangered Species Act
 including manatees, brown pelicans, and green, hawksbill, leatherback, =
and loggerhead sea turtles, as well as several endangered plants.  =
While naval bombing and use of Vieques has resulted in some significant =
harm to the Island\rquote=20
s fragile marine and terrestrial ecology and raised legitimate concerns =
among the island\rquote=20
s population, the federal holdings on the island have also forestalled =
other potentially harmful development and limited natural resource =
extraction that may pose an equal or greater long-term threat to the =
island\rquote=20
s natural resources.  Any long-term strategy to protect Vieques\rquote  =
natural resources must include not only a cessation of bombing, but =
also a comprehensive approach that protects these sensitive systems =
from coastal development and natur
al resource extraction.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\keep\keepn\widctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 =
{\fs28=20
\par Your Executive Order 13089 on Coral Reef Protection sets very high =
standards for Federal agencies and the Nation to both prevent =
degradation and enhance protection for coral reef ecosystems. Its =
stated policy requires all Federal agencies to:
\par=20
\par (1) \'93utilize their programs and authorities to protect and =
enhance the conditions of such ecosystems\'94=20
\par=20
\par (2) \'93ensure that any actions they authorize, fund, or carry out =
will not degrade the conditions of such ecosystems.\'94
\par=20
\par With regard to Vieques, continued live bombing of the =
island\rquote=20
s coral reef ecosystems appears clearly inconsistent with the =
no-degradation standard of the Executive Order and to require =
implementation of an extended moratorium and permanent prohibition.  =
However, addressing onl
y the bombing issue would fall far short of the Executive Order\rquote=20
s stated policy regarding the protection and enhancement of coral reef =
ecosystems.  DOD and all federal agencies are also required to use =
their programs and authorities to protect such systems
.  Given the relatively healthy condition and importance of =
Vieques\rquote=20
 coral reef ecosystems, the policy requires that all agencies maintain =
and enhance that level of protection.  In our view, cessation of =
bombing must be combined with more comprehensive pro
tection to fulfill the letter and spirit of the Executive Order.  =
Development and implementation of a national wildlife refuge or similar =
protective regime would be one way of accomplishing this.
\par=20
\par Sincerely,
\par=20
\par=20
\par=20
\par=20
\par Jack Sobel, Ecosystem Director\tab \tab \tab Doug Rader, Senior =
Scientist
\par Center for Marine Conservation\tab \tab \tab Environmental Defense =
Fund
\par }}
------_=_NextPart_000_01BF36AF.E4771960--
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Nov 24 19:45:00 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id TAA15273 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 24 Nov 1999 19:44:59 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA17077; Wed, 24 Nov 1999 19:53:59 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma017054; Wed, 24 Nov 99 19:53:00 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 24 Nov 1999 19:49:16 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id AAA13391; Thu, 25 Nov 1999 00:13:09 GMT
Received: from hotmail.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id TAA11383; Wed, 24 Nov 1999 19:12:57 -0500 (EST)
Received: (qmail 86181 invoked by uid 0); 25 Nov 1999 00:12:54 -0000
Message-Id: <19991125001254.86180.qmail@hotmail.com>
Received: from 148.202.108.61 by www.hotmail.com with HTTP;
	Wed, 24 Nov 1999 16:12:54 PST
X-Originating-IP: [148.202.108.61]
From: "Veronica Vizcaino" <vvizcaino@hotmail.com>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: coral recruitment...
Date: Wed, 24 Nov 1999 16:12:54 PST
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_1ddf6471_56258e5e$ec5745c"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Veronica Vizcaino" <vvizcaino@hotmail.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 752
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_1ddf6471_56258e5e$ec5745c
Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed
Hola.
I'm working with coral recruitment in the mexican Pacific, and I need to
know if anybody can confirm me if the photo attached is a coral recruit?
any information about coral recruitment is welcome...
Thanks for your interest.
           Veronica Vizcaino
                 vvizcaino@hotmail.com
______________________________________________________
Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com
------=_NextPart_000_1ddf6471_56258e5e$ec5745c
Content-Type: image/jpeg; name="coralitoA.jpg"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="coralitoA.jpg"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------=_NextPart_000_1ddf6471_56258e5e$ec5745c--
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Nov 25 14:07:41 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA20529 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 25 Nov 1999 14:07:40 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA17698; Thu, 25 Nov 1999 14:16:40 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma017675; Thu, 25 Nov 99 14:15:55 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 25 Nov 1999 14:12:18 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA19321; Thu, 25 Nov 1999 18:49:47 GMT
Received: from smtp-out.vma.verio.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA19402; Thu, 25 Nov 1999 13:49:39 -0500 (EST)
Received: from smtp-gw2.vma.verio.net ([168.143.0.22])
	by smtp-out.vma.verio.net with esmtp (Exim 2.10 #1)
	id 11r3xV-0005jW-00; Thu, 25 Nov 1999 13:49:33 -0500
Received: from [168.143.12.27] (irf.clark.net [168.143.12.27])
	by smtp-gw2.vma.verio.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id NAA05047;
	Thu, 25 Nov 1999 13:49:28 -0500 (EST)
Mime-Version: 1.0
X-Sender: irf@pop3.clark.net (Unverified)
Message-Id: <v04210101b46313ad9975@[168.143.12.27]>
In-Reply-To: <9188D24F318ED31198E300A0C9D81E0401B607@smtp.dcccmc.org>
References: <9188D24F318ED31198E300A0C9D81E0401B607@smtp.dcccmc.org>
Date: Thu, 25 Nov 1999 13:36:12 -0500
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Potter at Island Resources <bpotter@irf.org>
Subject: Re: Vieques Island:  Protection should be comprehensive!
Cc: JSobel@DCCMC.ORG,
        San Andres Research Mailing List <san-andres-research@egroups.com>,
        "Edward L. Towle, Ph.D." <etowle@irf.org>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" ; format="flowed"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Potter at Island Resources <bpotter@irf.org>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 753
Jack Sobel and Doug Rader have presented an excellent statement of
the need for US protection of the natural coastal and marine
resources on the Navy gunnery ranges on Vieques, especially the reef
communities.
Their message, however, ignores two important issues:
1)	The political issue of Puerto Rican "sovereignty" over
"national" assets (a debatable concept, but one which needs to be
acknowledged at some level to secure commitment to a resolution of
the continuing conflict over the bombing);
2)	The economic issue of the need for ANY long-term resolution
to address SUSTAINABLE USE of the natural resources of Vieques and
adjacent waters to generate acceptable income for [at least] the
people of Vieques. Given the intensity of resource use in the
Caribbean, and the high rate of poverty in Puerto Rico, a resolution
which ignores income generating needs is failure prone. (I'm not sure
of the income levels of families in Vieques, but cutting back on Navy
use of the island would obviously reduce employment and other
business opportunities).
	I think the implications would be for low intensity tourism
with a large component of diving activities and other marine and
tourist services, but that's at the END of a long process of
exploration of alternatives and development of those elements.
Much as I recognize the need to protect the reefs of Vieques, I would
oppose any settlement which  fenced off the resources with no
provision for income generating activities for [at least] local
residents. The Sobel/Rader letter might lead to the unfortunate
conclusion that local inhabitants are mostly significant as "threats"
to the natural resources of the area.
bruce potter for himself .....
---------------------------------------------
>The coral reef list-server has once again provided an excellent, neutral
>forum for sharing many perspectives and providing much useful information
>regarding the controversial and emotional issues facing Vieques Island's
>coral reefs and military use of this important area.  The dialogue to date
>has been very instructive and informative to me and I would like to thank
>the List-server providers and all of those who have shared their
>perspectives on Vieques.  Here is one more:
>
>As ecosystem director for the Center for Marine Conservation (CMC), I was
>approached both through the list-server and directly by the Commonwealth of
>Puerto Rico, the law firm representing them, local NGO's from Puerto Rico,
>and coral reef scientists with requests to sign onto a group letter
>emphasizing the need to stop the bombing and get the military out of Vieques
>due to its impact on coral reefs.  I also had the privilege of attending the
>U.S. Coral Reef Task Force meeting in St. Croix and hearing several
>excellent presentations on Vieques and discussing this with presenters and
>attendees familiar with Vieques.
>
>CMC elected not to sign onto the group letter that was circulated due to its
>sole focus on the bombing issue and our belief that any solution to
>protecting Vieques' coral reefs would have to be more comprehensive and
>long-term.  Instead, we sent our own letter (see below) together with EDF
>that supported an end to the bombing and other military activities impacting
>the island's coral reefs and other natural resources, but stressing that a
>more comprehensive solution is essential, especially if the military pulls
>out.  Our belief is that such a solution will need to include protected
>areas on land and in the water and stringent conservation measures
>applicable to those areas that are developed.  Designation of a National
>Wildlife Refuge, as was done for Culebra and other former military lands,
>may be a piece of this solution.  There are other approaches worth
>considering and we don't believe a comprehensive solution need be
>"Imperialistic", but must address issues other than bombing and military
>activities and provide concrete protection with regard to other threats.
>The list-server dialogue has strengthened my belief that the more
>comprehensive approach called for in our letter is absolutely critical.
>
>Simply promoting "sustainable development", without defining what this means
>will likely not protect Vieques reefs, other natural resources, or the human
>community on Vieques for that matter.  Edwin Hernandez-Delgado indicated in
>his email that a local Vieques NGO, Comite Pro Rescate y Desarrollo de
>Vieques, has prepared an altenative sustainable development plan for a
>Vieques Island free of the Navy.  We would like to see this plan posted or
>at least have information on how to obtain it provided.  In our
>conversations with those who were asking us to sign the group letter, those
>representing the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and others voiced support for
>more comprehensive protection, but were unwilling to state or commit to a
>written position other than calling for an immediate end to the bombing and
>withdrawal of the military.  This position concerns us, in that, if the
>military does withdraw, development pressures similar to those that occurred
>elsewhere in Puerto Rico and beyond may overwhelm good intentions with
>respect to Vieques and its local community, unless there is already a
>comprehensive protection plan in place for its coral reefs and other natural
>resources.   The time to provide such protection is prior to any decision on
>a military pull-out.  The letter we sent follows:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
>		November 16, 1999
>
>
>President William J. Clinton
>The White House
>1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W.
>Washington, D.C. 20500
>
>Dear Mr. President:
>
>On behalf of the Center for Marine Conservation (CMC) and the Environmental
>Defense Fund (EDF), we are writing to urge you to exercise all of your
>relevant authorities to permanently protect the coral reefs and associated
>tropical marine and coastal ecosystems on and surrounding the Island of
>Vieques, Puerto Rico.  We encourage you to find a resolution to current
>Department of Defense (DOD) activities that may threaten these systems and
>the fish and wildlife that depend on them, and a long-term solution that
>would provide comprehensive protection for these vital natural resources.
>In particular, we ask that you (1) extend the current moratorium and secure
>a permanent ban on all live fire military exercises and bombing activities
>that threaten natural resources in the vicinity of Vieques; and (2) develop
>and implement a strategy to fully and permanently protect the coral reef and
>related ecosystems on and near Vieques, including development of a national
>wildlife refuge, national park, or other appropriate protected area(s).
>
>Vieques is home to some of the most extraordinary ecosystems on the planet,
>including three of the world's seven surviving bioluminescent bays and some
>of the healthiest and most diverse coral reefs found in U.S. Carribean
>territorial waters.  The Island also provides important habitat for numerous
>species protected under the Endangered Species Act including manatees, brown
>pelicans, and green, hawksbill, leatherback, and loggerhead sea turtles, as
>well as several endangered plants.  While naval bombing and use of Vieques
>has resulted in some significant harm to the Island's fragile marine and
>terrestrial ecology and raised legitimate concerns among the island's
>population, the federal holdings on the island have also forestalled other
>potentially harmful development and limited natural resource extraction that
>may pose an equal or greater long-term threat to the island's natural
>resources.  Any long-term strategy to protect Vieques' natural resources
>must include not only a cessation of bombing, but also a comprehensive
>approach that protects these sensitive systems from coastal development and
>natural resource extraction.
>
>Your Executive Order 13089 on Coral Reef Protection sets very high standards
>for Federal agencies and the Nation to both prevent degradation and enhance
>protection for coral reef ecosystems. Its stated policy requires all Federal
>agencies to:
>
>(1) "utilize their programs and authorities to protect and enhance the
>conditions of such ecosystems"
>
>(2) "ensure that any actions they authorize, fund, or carry out will not
>degrade the conditions of such ecosystems."
>
>With regard to Vieques, continued live bombing of the island's coral reef
>ecosystems appears clearly inconsistent with the no-degradation standard of
>the Executive Order and to require implementation of an extended moratorium
>and permanent prohibition.  However, addressing only the bombing issue would
>fall far short of the Executive Order's stated policy regarding the
>protection and enhancement of coral reef ecosystems.  DOD and all federal
>agencies are also required to use their programs and authorities to protect
>such systems.  Given the relatively healthy condition and importance of
>Vieques' coral reef ecosystems, the policy requires that all agencies
>maintain and enhance that level of protection.  In our view, cessation of
>bombing must be combined with more comprehensive protection to fulfill the
>letter and spirit of the Executive Order.  Development and implementation of
>a national wildlife refuge or similar protective regime would be one way of
>accomplishing this.
>
>Sincerely,
>
>
>
>
>Jack Sobel, Ecosystem Director			Doug Rader, Senior Scientist
>Center for Marine Conservation			Environmental Defense Fund
>
> <<ViequesLetter.rtf>>
>*********************************
>Jack Sobel, Director
>Ecosystem Program
>Center for Marine Conservation
>1725 DeSales St. NW, Suite #600
>Washington, DC  20036
>Phone:  (202) 429-5609
>Fax:  (202) 872-0619
>Email:  jsobel@dccmc.org
>*********************************
>
>
>Attachment converted: Macintosh HD:ViequesLetter.rtf (RTF /MSWD) (0000A74F)
Island Resources Foundation
27 Years of Environmental Planning for Development
><+><Web Site><+><+><http://www.irf.org/><+><+>< Web Site><+><
Island Resources Foundation	|+|Island Resources Foundation
Headquarters & Library 	|+|Contributions and Publications
6292 Estate Nazareth No. 100	|+|1718 "P" Street NW, Suite T-4
St. Thomas, VI 00802-1104	|+|Washington, DC 20036
Phone 340/775-6225	|+|Phone 202/265-9712
fax 779-2022 		|+|fax 232-0748
Internet: etowle@irf.org	|+|bpotter@irf.org
-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  Promote Island Resources---Send Your $35 Membership to the DC Office
-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov 29 07:32:20 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id HAA14746 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 07:32:19 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA14146; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 07:41:23 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xmaa14005; Mon, 29 Nov 99 07:40:35 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 07:37:16 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA01326; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 12:23:31 GMT
Message-Id: <199911291223.MAA01326@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: "Bret Raines" <rainesbk@cybertime.net>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: 'Leptoseris paschalensis' citation needed.....
Date: Thu, 25 Nov 1999 10:20:29 -0800
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Bret Raines" <rainesbk@cybertime.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 754
I don't normally post to the list, however, I have found myself behind =
the power curve, and I need some help. =20
I'm having some difficulties citing the author and year for 'Leptoseris =
paschalensis', a coral species from Easter Island.  This information is =
urgently needed to meet a publication deadline. =20
Sincerely,  Bret Raines
*************************************************************************=
****
Bret K. Raines
Museum Associate - Invertebrate Zoology (Malacology)
Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County
=20
Email  address:  rainesbk@cybertime.net
Postal address:  Bret Raines, P.O. Box 612, Victorville, CA 92393
*************************************************************************=
****
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov 29 07:32:21 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id HAA14753 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 07:32:21 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA14144; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 07:41:24 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma014005; Mon, 29 Nov 99 07:40:34 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 07:37:16 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA01102; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 12:14:17 GMT
Date: Mon, 29 Nov 1999 12:14:17 GMT
Message-Id: <199911291214.MAA01102@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: Listserver Administrator <jch@aoml.noaa.gov>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: coral workstation down
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Listserver Administrator <jch@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 755
My apologies, but our aging coral workstation crashed again during the
evening of Nov 26.  As a consequence, coral-list and coral-list-digest
listservers were inoperative during those times.  My apologies for any
inconvenience.
	Cheers,
	Jim Hendee
	listserver maintainer
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov 29 07:54:40 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id HAA14923 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 07:54:39 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA15671; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 08:03:44 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma015582; Mon, 29 Nov 99 08:02:51 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 07:59:15 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA01672; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 12:45:20 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id HAA01656; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 07:45:14 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA14507; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 07:48:29 -0500
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma014482; Mon, 29 Nov 99 07:48:12 -0500
Received: from surf.blur (surf [172.16.100.3])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with ESMTP
	  id HAA14787 for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 07:42:13 -0500 (EST)
Received: from localhost by surf.blur (8.8.8+Sun/SMI-SVR4)
	id HAA02591; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 07:42:13 -0500 (EST)
Date: Mon, 29 Nov 1999 07:42:13 -0500 (EST)
From: Jim Hendee <Jim.Hendee@noaa.gov>
X-Sender: hendee@surf
To: coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: FYI: public meeting Dec 6
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.03.9911290738580.2488-100000@surf>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jim Hendee <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 756
[I'm forwarding this; I have no further information.]
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Kenneth E. Osborn, Quality Assurance Officer, MS 59 East Bay
Municipal Utility District Laboratory Services Division, Oakland,
California, kosborn@ebmud.com has kindly forwarded information
on the recent announcement in the Federal Register regarding a public
meeting to discuss the trade in non-food fish coral reef species, the
effects of this trade on coral reefs, and measures which the United
States should consider to minimize these effects and promote coral
reef conservation.  Representatives of other agencies involved in the
Trade Subgroup will participate in the meeting to answer questions
and receive public comments on potential conservation actions.  The
public meeting will be held on Monday, December 6 from 2:00 to
5:00 pm in Room 7000A and B,  of the Interior, 1849 C Street,
N.W., Washington, DC.
Further information is available from  Sheila Einsweiler, U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service, Office of Law Enforcement, telephone (703)
358-1949, fax (703) 358-2271, E-mail:
Sheila__Einsweiler@fws.gov
Anyone wishing to speak at the meeting should contact Ms Einsweiler.  For
people who are unable to attend but who wish to comment, comments should
be mailed to r9oma__cites@fws.gov submissions should be in an ASCII file
avoiding the use of special characters and any form of encryption.  You
should include "Attn: Public Meeting on U.S. Coral Reef Task Force" and
your name and return address in your Internet message.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov 29 08:10:50 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA15204 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 08:10:50 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA17269; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 08:19:57 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma017188; Mon, 29 Nov 99 08:19:20 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 08:16:02 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA01785; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 13:03:56 GMT
Received: from mail3.mia.bellsouth.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id IAA01780; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 08:03:45 -0500 (EST)
Received: from bellsouth.net (host-216-78-244-11.mia.bellsouth.net [216.78.244.11])
	by mail3.mia.bellsouth.net (3.3.5alt/0.75.2) with ESMTP id TAA03026;
	Sun, 28 Nov 1999 19:27:18 -0500 (EST)
Message-Id: <3841CAAA.E1587220@bellsouth.net>
Date: Sun, 28 Nov 1999 19:36:59 -0500
From: DeeVon Quirolo <deevon@bellsouth.net>
Organization: reef relief
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.04 [en]C-bls40  (Win95; U)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: JSobel@DCCMC.ORG
CC: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, Company@DCCMC.ORG
Subject: Re: Vieques Island:  Protection should be comprehensive!
References: <9188D24F318ED31198E300A0C9D81E0401B607@smtp.dcccmc.org>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: DeeVon Quirolo <deevon@bellsouth.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 757
JSobel@DCCMC.ORG wrote:
> The coral reef list-server has once again provided an excellent, neutral
> forum for sharing many perspectives and providing much useful information
> regarding the controversial and emotional issues facing Vieques Island's
> coral reefs and military use of this important area.  The dialogue to date
> has been very instructive and informative to me and I would like to thank
> the List-server providers and all of those who have shared their
> perspectives on Vieques.  Here is one more:
>
> As ecosystem director for the Center for Marine Conservation (CMC), I was
> approached both through the list-server and directly by the Commonwealth of
> Puerto Rico, the law firm representing them, local NGO's from Puerto Rico,
> and coral reef scientists with requests to sign onto a group letter
> emphasizing the need to stop the bombing and get the military out of Vieques
> due to its impact on coral reefs.  I also had the privilege of attending the
> U.S. Coral Reef Task Force meeting in St. Croix and hearing several
> excellent presentations on Vieques and discussing this with presenters and
> attendees familiar with Vieques.
>
> CMC elected not to sign onto the group letter that was circulated due to its
> sole focus on the bombing issue and our belief that any solution to
> protecting Vieques' coral reefs would have to be more comprehensive and
> long-term.  Instead, we sent our own letter (see below) together with EDF
> that supported an end to the bombing and other military activities impacting
> the island's coral reefs and other natural resources, but stressing that a
> more comprehensive solution is essential, especially if the military pulls
> out.  Our belief is that such a solution will need to include protected
> areas on land and in the water and stringent conservation measures
> applicable to those areas that are developed.  Designation of a National
> Wildlife Refuge, as was done for Culebra and other former military lands,
> may be a piece of this solution.  There are other approaches worth
> considering and we don't believe a comprehensive solution need be
> "Imperialistic", but must address issues other than bombing and military
> activities and provide concrete protection with regard to other threats.
> The list-server dialogue has strengthened my belief that the more
> comprehensive approach called for in our letter is absolutely critical.
>
> Simply promoting "sustainable development", without defining what this means
> will likely not protect Vieques reefs, other natural resources, or the human
> community on Vieques for that matter.  Edwin Hernandez-Delgado indicated in
> his email that a local Vieques NGO, Comite Pro Rescate y Desarrollo de
> Vieques, has prepared an altenative sustainable development plan for a
> Vieques Island free of the Navy.  We would like to see this plan posted or
> at least have information on how to obtain it provided.  In our
> conversations with those who were asking us to sign the group letter, those
> representing the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and others voiced support for
> more comprehensive protection, but were unwilling to state or commit to a
> written position other than calling for an immediate end to the bombing and
> withdrawal of the military.  This position concerns us, in that, if the
> military does withdraw, development pressures similar to those that occurred
> elsewhere in Puerto Rico and beyond may overwhelm good intentions with
> respect to Vieques and its local community, unless there is already a
> comprehensive protection plan in place for its coral reefs and other natural
> resources.   The time to provide such protection is prior to any decision on
> a military pull-out.  The letter we sent follows:
>                 November 16, 1999
>
> President William J. Clinton
> The White House
> 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W.
> Washington, D.C. 20500
>
> Dear Mr. President:
>
> On behalf of the Center for Marine Conservation (CMC) and the Environmental
> Defense Fund (EDF), we are writing to urge you to exercise all of your
> relevant authorities to permanently protect the coral reefs and associated
> tropical marine and coastal ecosystems on and surrounding the Island of
> Vieques, Puerto Rico.  We encourage you to find a resolution to current
> Department of Defense (DOD) activities that may threaten these systems and
> the fish and wildlife that depend on them, and a long-term solution that
> would provide comprehensive protection for these vital natural resources.
> In particular, we ask that you (1) extend the current moratorium and secure
> a permanent ban on all live fire military exercises and bombing activities
> that threaten natural resources in the vicinity of Vieques; and (2) develop
> and implement a strategy to fully and permanently protect the coral reef and
> related ecosystems on and near Vieques, including development of a national
> wildlife refuge, national park, or other appropriate protected area(s).
>
> Vieques is home to some of the most extraordinary ecosystems on the planet,
> including three of the world's seven surviving bioluminescent bays and some
> of the healthiest and most diverse coral reefs found in U.S. Carribean
> territorial waters.  The Island also provides important habitat for numerous
> species protected under the Endangered Species Act including manatees, brown
> pelicans, and green, hawksbill, leatherback, and loggerhead sea turtles, as
> well as several endangered plants.  While naval bombing and use of Vieques
> has resulted in some significant harm to the Island's fragile marine and
> terrestrial ecology and raised legitimate concerns among the island's
> population, the federal holdings on the island have also forestalled other
> potentially harmful development and limited natural resource extraction that
> may pose an equal or greater long-term threat to the island's natural
> resources.  Any long-term strategy to protect Vieques' natural resources
> must include not only a cessation of bombing, but also a comprehensive
> approach that protects these sensitive systems from coastal development and
> natural resource extraction.
>
> Your Executive Order 13089 on Coral Reef Protection sets very high standards
> for Federal agencies and the Nation to both prevent degradation and enhance
> protection for coral reef ecosystems. Its stated policy requires all Federal
> agencies to:
>
> (1) "utilize their programs and authorities to protect and enhance the
> conditions of such ecosystems"
>
> (2) "ensure that any actions they authorize, fund, or carry out will not
> degrade the conditions of such ecosystems."
>
> With regard to Vieques, continued live bombing of the island's coral reef
> ecosystems appears clearly inconsistent with the no-degradation standard of
> the Executive Order and to require implementation of an extended moratorium
> and permanent prohibition.  However, addressing only the bombing issue would
> fall far short of the Executive Order's stated policy regarding the
> protection and enhancement of coral reef ecosystems.  DOD and all federal
> agencies are also required to use their programs and authorities to protect
> such systems.  Given the relatively healthy condition and importance of
> Vieques' coral reef ecosystems, the policy requires that all agencies
> maintain and enhance that level of protection.  In our view, cessation of
> bombing must be combined with more comprehensive protection to fulfill the
> letter and spirit of the Executive Order.  Development and implementation of
> a national wildlife refuge or similar protective regime would be one way of
> accomplishing this.
>
> Sincerely,
>
> Jack Sobel, Ecosystem Director                  Doug Rader, Senior Scientist
> Center for Marine Conservation                  Environmental Defense Fund
>
>  <<ViequesLetter.rtf>>
> *********************************
> Jack Sobel, Director
> Ecosystem Program
> Center for Marine Conservation
> 1725 DeSales St. NW, Suite #600
> Washington, DC  20036
> Phone:  (202) 429-5609
> Fax:  (202) 872-0619
> Email:  jsobel@dccmc.org
> *********************************
>
>   ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>                            Name: ViequesLetter.rtf
>    ViequesLetter.rtf       Type: Rich Text Format (application/rtf)
>                        Encoding: quoted-printable
 The  Federal Government is not capable of saving coral reefs. This has been
proven in the Florida Keys where the coral has died under the watch of the FKNMS
and all of the National NGO's that are clueless as to the real situation
regarding coral and it's demise.  CQ of Reef Relief
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov 29 08:10:51 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA15210 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 08:10:51 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA17271; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 08:19:57 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma017243; Mon, 29 Nov 99 08:19:37 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 08:16:10 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA01760; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 13:00:23 GMT
Received: from mail0.mia.bellsouth.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id IAA01759; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 08:00:11 -0500 (EST)
Received: from bellsouth.net (host-216-78-244-11.mia.bellsouth.net [216.78.244.11])
	by mail0.mia.bellsouth.net (3.3.5alt/0.75.2) with ESMTP id TAA27921;
	Sun, 28 Nov 1999 19:29:27 -0500 (EST)
Message-Id: <3841C878.9D0573BE@bellsouth.net>
Date: Sun, 28 Nov 1999 19:27:37 -0500
From: DeeVon Quirolo <deevon@bellsouth.net>
Organization: reef relief
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.04 [en]C-bls40  (Win95; U)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: JSobel@DCCMC.ORG
CC: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, Company@DCCMC.ORG
Subject: Re: Vieques Island:  Protection should be comprehensive!
References: <9188D24F318ED31198E300A0C9D81E0401B607@smtp.dcccmc.org>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: DeeVon Quirolo <deevon@bellsouth.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 758
JSobel@DCCMC.ORG wrote:
> The coral reef list-server has once again provided an excellent, neutral
> forum for sharing many perspectives and providing much useful information
> regarding the controversial and emotional issues facing Vieques Island's
> coral reefs and military use of this important area.  The dialogue to date
> has been very instructive and informative to me and I would like to thank
> the List-server providers and all of those who have shared their
> perspectives on Vieques.  Here is one more:
>
> As ecosystem director for the Center for Marine Conservation (CMC), I was
> approached both through the list-server and directly by the Commonwealth of
> Puerto Rico, the law firm representing them, local NGO's from Puerto Rico,
> and coral reef scientists with requests to sign onto a group letter
> emphasizing the need to stop the bombing and get the military out of Vieques
> due to its impact on coral reefs.  I also had the privilege of attending the
> U.S. Coral Reef Task Force meeting in St. Croix and hearing several
> excellent presentations on Vieques and discussing this with presenters and
> attendees familiar with Vieques.
>
> CMC elected not to sign onto the group letter that was circulated due to its
> sole focus on the bombing issue and our belief that any solution to
> protecting Vieques' coral reefs would have to be more comprehensive and
> long-term.  Instead, we sent our own letter (see below) together with EDF
> that supported an end to the bombing and other military activities impacting
> the island's coral reefs and other natural resources, but stressing that a
> more comprehensive solution is essential, especially if the military pulls
> out.  Our belief is that such a solution will need to include protected
> areas on land and in the water and stringent conservation measures
> applicable to those areas that are developed.  Designation of a National
> Wildlife Refuge, as was done for Culebra and other former military lands,
> may be a piece of this solution.  There are other approaches worth
> considering and we don't believe a comprehensive solution need be
> "Imperialistic", but must address issues other than bombing and military
> activities and provide concrete protection with regard to other threats.
> The list-server dialogue has strengthened my belief that the more
> comprehensive approach called for in our letter is absolutely critical.
>
> Simply promoting "sustainable development", without defining what this means
> will likely not protect Vieques reefs, other natural resources, or the human
> community on Vieques for that matter.  Edwin Hernandez-Delgado indicated in
> his email that a local Vieques NGO, Comite Pro Rescate y Desarrollo de
> Vieques, has prepared an altenative sustainable development plan for a
> Vieques Island free of the Navy.  We would like to see this plan posted or
> at least have information on how to obtain it provided.  In our
> conversations with those who were asking us to sign the group letter, those
> representing the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and others voiced support for
> more comprehensive protection, but were unwilling to state or commit to a
> written position other than calling for an immediate end to the bombing and
> withdrawal of the military.  This position concerns us, in that, if the
> military does withdraw, development pressures similar to those that occurred
> elsewhere in Puerto Rico and beyond may overwhelm good intentions with
> respect to Vieques and its local community, unless there is already a
> comprehensive protection plan in place for its coral reefs and other natural
> resources.   The time to provide such protection is prior to any decision on
> a military pull-out.  The letter we sent follows:
>                 November 16, 1999
>
> President William J. Clinton
> The White House
> 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W.
> Washington, D.C. 20500
>
> Dear Mr. President:
>
> On behalf of the Center for Marine Conservation (CMC) and the Environmental
> Defense Fund (EDF), we are writing to urge you to exercise all of your
> relevant authorities to permanently protect the coral reefs and associated
> tropical marine and coastal ecosystems on and surrounding the Island of
> Vieques, Puerto Rico.  We encourage you to find a resolution to current
> Department of Defense (DOD) activities that may threaten these systems and
> the fish and wildlife that depend on them, and a long-term solution that
> would provide comprehensive protection for these vital natural resources.
> In particular, we ask that you (1) extend the current moratorium and secure
> a permanent ban on all live fire military exercises and bombing activities
> that threaten natural resources in the vicinity of Vieques; and (2) develop
> and implement a strategy to fully and permanently protect the coral reef and
> related ecosystems on and near Vieques, including development of a national
> wildlife refuge, national park, or other appropriate protected area(s).
>
> Vieques is home to some of the most extraordinary ecosystems on the planet,
> including three of the world's seven surviving bioluminescent bays and some
> of the healthiest and most diverse coral reefs found in U.S. Carribean
> territorial waters.  The Island also provides important habitat for numerous
> species protected under the Endangered Species Act including manatees, brown
> pelicans, and green, hawksbill, leatherback, and loggerhead sea turtles, as
> well as several endangered plants.  While naval bombing and use of Vieques
> has resulted in some significant harm to the Island's fragile marine and
> terrestrial ecology and raised legitimate concerns among the island's
> population, the federal holdings on the island have also forestalled other
> potentially harmful development and limited natural resource extraction that
> may pose an equal or greater long-term threat to the island's natural
> resources.  Any long-term strategy to protect Vieques' natural resources
> must include not only a cessation of bombing, but also a comprehensive
> approach that protects these sensitive systems from coastal development and
> natural resource extraction.
>
> Your Executive Order 13089 on Coral Reef Protection sets very high standards
> for Federal agencies and the Nation to both prevent degradation and enhance
> protection for coral reef ecosystems. Its stated policy requires all Federal
> agencies to:
>
> (1) "utilize their programs and authorities to protect and enhance the
> conditions of such ecosystems"
>
> (2) "ensure that any actions they authorize, fund, or carry out will not
> degrade the conditions of such ecosystems."
>
> With regard to Vieques, continued live bombing of the island's coral reef
> ecosystems appears clearly inconsistent with the no-degradation standard of
> the Executive Order and to require implementation of an extended moratorium
> and permanent prohibition.  However, addressing only the bombing issue would
> fall far short of the Executive Order's stated policy regarding the
> protection and enhancement of coral reef ecosystems.  DOD and all federal
> agencies are also required to use their programs and authorities to protect
> such systems.  Given the relatively healthy condition and importance of
> Vieques' coral reef ecosystems, the policy requires that all agencies
> maintain and enhance that level of protection.  In our view, cessation of
> bombing must be combined with more comprehensive protection to fulfill the
> letter and spirit of the Executive Order.  Development and implementation of
> a national wildlife refuge or similar protective regime would be one way of
> accomplishing this.
>
> Sincerely,
>
> Jack Sobel, Ecosystem Director                  Doug Rader, Senior Scientist
> Center for Marine Conservation                  Environmental Defense Fund
>
>  <<ViequesLetter.rtf>>
> *********************************
> Jack Sobel, Director
> Ecosystem Program
> Center for Marine Conservation
> 1725 DeSales St. NW, Suite #600
> Washington, DC  20036
> Phone:  (202) 429-5609
> Fax:  (202) 872-0619
> Email:  jsobel@dccmc.org
> *********************************
>
>   ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>                            Name: ViequesLetter.rtf
>    ViequesLetter.rtf       Type: Rich Text Format (application/rtf)
>                        Encoding: quoted-printable
  just as comprehensive as the FKNMS that was on watch during the death of
Florida's coral reefs. Government cannot save coral. This has been proven. CQ
from Reef Relief
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov 29 11:52:40 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA21293 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 11:52:39 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA15583; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 12:01:46 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xmaa15457; Mon, 29 Nov 99 12:01:07 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 11:57:39 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA03482; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 16:40:38 GMT
Received: from isurus.mote.org by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <Coral-List@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA03442; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 11:40:28 -0500 (EST)
Received: from modem36.marathonkey.com by isurus.mote.org  with esmtp
	(Linux Smail3.2.0.101 #12) id m11sTqh-003amFC; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 11:40:23 -0500 (EST)
Date: Mon, 29 Nov 1999 11:41:52 -0500 (Eastern Standard Time)
From: Erich Mueller <emueller@mote.org>
To: Coral List <Coral-List@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>, Marbio List <marbio@mote.org>
Subject: Pigeon Key
Message-Id: <Pine.WNT.4.10.9911291139330.-454289@hal>
X-X-Sender: emueller@isurus.mote.org
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Erich Mueller <emueller@mote.org>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 759
Education Programs at Pigeon Key Still Going Strong!
As announced here some months ago, Mote Marine Laboratory has moved its
tropical facilty from Pigeon Key to Summerland Key. Some of you may have
gotten the impression that Pigeon Key is no longer available for
educational opportunities. Not true! The Pigeon Key Foundation continues
to offer residential marine education programs at a variety of levels
throughout the year. Please contact Dr. Dan Gallagher, Education Director
for more information:
dang@marathonkey.com
phone: (305) 289-9632
FAX:   (305) 289-0139
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
Erich Mueller, Ph.D., Director      Phone: (305) 745-2729
Mote Marine Laboratory              FAX:   (305) 745-2730
Center for Tropical Research        Email: emueller@mote.org
24244 Overseas Highway (US 1)
Summerland Key, FL   33042
Mote Marine Laboratory Website-> http://www.mote.org
Remarks are personal opinion and do not reflect institutional
policy unless so indicated.
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov 29 12:03:03 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA22134 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 12:03:03 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA16474; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 12:09:00 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma016441; Mon, 29 Nov 99 12:08:40 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 12:04:59 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA03656; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 16:52:40 GMT
Message-Id: <199911291652.QAA03656@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Mon, 29 Nov 1999 09:58:45 -0500
To: coral-list-digest@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Gene Shinn <gene@fearless.er.usgs.gov>
Subject: Vieques reefs
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Gene Shinn <gene@fearless.er.usgs.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 760
Re: Doug Fenners comments. I too remember the report that said the reefs at
Vieques were in better shape (and there were more fish) than elsewhere in
Puerto Rico. It concluded that the reason was that fisherman can't get in.
The report came to mind when I first read that the leader of the movement
to get the Navy out is the head of the Fishermans Association. Gene
"If we lose our capacity to be wrong, we are not doing the business of
science" Charles L. Drake
------------------------------------ -----------------------------------
Gene Shinn                          | email  eshinn@usgs.gov
USGS Center for Coastal Geology     | http://coastal.er.usgs.gov
600 4th St. South                   | voice  (727) 803-8747 x3030
St.Petersburg, FL  33701            | fax    (727) 803-2032
------------------------------------ -----------------------------------
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov 29 13:11:30 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA23991 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 13:11:29 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA25349; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 13:20:36 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma025294; Mon, 29 Nov 99 13:20:16 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 13:16:58 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA04170; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 17:55:22 GMT
Received: from relay1.smtp.psi.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA04160; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 12:55:14 -0500 (EST)
From: JSobel@DCCMC.ORG
Received: from [38.200.235.131] (helo=EXCH_BDC.DCCMC)
	by relay1.smtp.psi.net with esmtp (Exim 1.90 #1)
	id 11sV15-0003lx-00; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 12:55:11 -0500
Received: by smtp.dcccmc.org with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
	id <X6JAZK0N>; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 12:58:02 -0500
Message-Id: <9188D24F318ED31198E300A0C9D81E0401B61C@smtp.dcccmc.org>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Cc: paulj488@aol.com, Doug_Rader@edf.org
Subject: RE: Vieques Island Letter:  Multiple Comments from REEF RELIEF
Date: Mon, 29 Nov 1999 12:58:01 -0500
MIME-Version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: JSobel@DCCMC.ORG
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 761
My first temptation was not to respond to a series of comments posted by
either Craig Quirilo or Devon Quirilo or both of REEF RELIEF, on the
Coral-list server, with regard to a letter sent by the Center for Marine
Conservation (CMC) and the Environmental Defense Fund (EDF) on Vieques
Island. However, having now received five versions of rambling, incoherent,
and seemingly irrelevant comments from them that were posted to the
Coral-list server, I think a few clarifying remarks are in order:
(1)The letter sent by us did not propose a marine sanctuary nor pre-judge
what mechanism might be best to protect the reefs and other resources
surrounding Vieques, but emphasized the need to stop all bombing impacting
Vieques' reefs and provide more comprehensive protection than simply an end
to the bombing, especially if the Navy were to pull out. Based on my
understanding of REEF RELIEF's own mission and policies, they would agree
that the bombing should be stopped and that other protection should also be
afforded.
(2)We would agree that neither the federal government nor any form of
government can provide the whole answer to coral reef protection on its own
in Vieques or elsewhere, but federal and other forms of government can and
should play a role in and afford protection for coral reefs.  An active
well-informed public is essential for this to happen, which is part of the
reason we exist.  We assume REEF RELIEF would agree with this as well,
presumably its why they exist.
(3)So what was REEF RELIEF really tring to say?  I confess that I don't
know.  Their two recurring themes seem to be that (A) National NGOs don't
have a clue about the problems facing coral reefs, only REEF RELIEF does;
and (B) the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary has been responsible for
the death of the Florida Keys Reef Tract, despite being around for only a
few years, and its creation proves that government can't do anything to
prevent reef destruction.  If this was REEF RELIEF's message, we clearly
disagree with them on both themes.
(4)We believe that the threats facing the Florida Reef Tract and many other
Caribbean reefs, potentially including Vieques, are multiple, long-term, and
synergistic, and will require similarly comprehensive solutions.  Although
we have not always been satisfied with the level of protection afforded by
the FKNMS, we believe it is an essential tool for the protection and
recovery of the Florida Reef Tract, that it is already contributing to its
conservation, and that it can and will contribute more in the future,
provided the public keeps demanding it.  The TORTUGAS 2000 initiative, if
and when implemented, will be a major step forward in this regard.
(5)REEF RELIEF's claim that the failure of the FKNMS to put an immediate end
to all threats and degradation of the Florida Reef Tract proves that
government and/or the Federal government can not contribute to coral reef
protection is absurd on its face.  Such a conclusion would be equivalent to
stating that the failure of REEF RELIEF (which has been around much longer)
to halt the degradation of the Florida Reef Tract demonstrates that local
grassroots organizations can't contribute to coral reef protection.  We are
not ready to draw such a conclusion.  Coral reef protection will require the
hard, cooperative work of government, NGOs, and many others, at all spatial
scales to make important contributions.
*********************************
Jack Sobel, Director
Ecosystem Program
Center for Marine Conservation
1725 DeSales St. NW, Suite #600
Washington, DC  20036
Phone:  (202) 429-5609
Fax:  (202) 872-0619
Email:  jsobel@dccmc.org
*********************************
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov 29 13:18:45 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA24047 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 13:18:45 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA25604; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 13:24:42 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma025554; Mon, 29 Nov 99 13:24:09 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 13:20:23 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA04234; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 18:03:13 GMT
Received: from back.vims.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list-digest@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA04226; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 13:03:01 -0500 (EST)
Received: from vims.edu (V13987.nerr.vims.edu [139.70.6.22])
	by back.vims.edu (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id MAA20091;
	Mon, 29 Nov 1999 12:56:36 -0500 (EST)
Message-Id: <3842C224.F9A0BC67@vims.edu>
Date: Mon, 29 Nov 1999 13:12:53 -0500
From: David Niebuhr <niebuhr@vims.edu>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.06 [en] (Win95; I)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Gene Shinn <gene@fearless.er.usgs.gov>
CC: coral-list-digest@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Vieques reefs
References: <199911291652.QAA03656@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="------------7C0FDA04AB7D475BC4B1D726"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: David Niebuhr <niebuhr@vims.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 762
--------------7C0FDA04AB7D475BC4B1D726
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Dear Gene:
The situation on Vieques is complex. Yes, one of the leaders of the movement to
remove the Navy from Vieques is the president of the local Fishermans'
Association. He is also an avid supporter of several grass-roots efforts to
protect and preserve the island's natural resources and has a keen respect for
the island, its people, and its unique habitats. He has helped me in my
research and has provided boats and manpower for efforts to monitor and protect
Puerto Mosquito.
I caution you not to assume that because this gentleman is a a fisherman he
only wants to see the Navy out so fishermen can exploit the local resources.
I repeat, the Vieques situation is complex. The Viequense have been isolated on
their own island, there is tremendous pressure to "modernize" and "develop" the
island for "the sake of the people," and the island harbors some healthy reefs
and two of the last (monoculture- Pyrodinium bahamense) bioluminescent bays in
the Caribbean. There are many "interests" involved in the Vieques situation and
very few of them are concerned with protecting coral, bioluminescent bays or
any other important habitat.
I have conducted research on both Vieques' reef systems and on Puerto Mosquito
(biobay). I have worked with local environmental groups (Vieques Conservation
and Historic Trust) and I have provided expert evidence in a law suit filed
against the Municipality of Isabel Segunda, the Dept. of the Interior, the EPA
and the Navy for violations of the Clean Water Act and the Endangered Species
Act.
I have been quietly amused while this discussion has raged on the coral list. I
am glad so many people have taken interest in this small island's welfare, but
I'm afraid that witohut knowing the island many folks are looking for simple
answers to an extremely difficult question.
The state of the coral and other important habitats located at Vieques is not
solely the result of limited fishing harvest (they fish is most areas except
during periods of bombing), but is also the result of limited urban and
suburban development and the relatively low  environmental impacts of the
Navy's presence on the island.
The only way to move forward and solve this problem is to move slowly. The
local government, grass roots organizations the Navy and the federal government
need to frame a plan that will solve this problem while protecting Vieques'
unique resources.
Gene Shinn wrote:
> It concluded that the reason was that fisherman can't get in.
> The report came to mind when I first read that the leader of the movement
> to get the Navy out is the head of the Fishermans Association.
--David Niebuhr
***********************************************************************
David H. Niebuhr, Ph.D.
Education and Communications Coordinator
Chesapeake Bay NERR in Virginia/School of Education
College of William and Mary
POB 1346 Gloucester Pt., VA 23062
Phone: 804.684.7144
Fax:   804.684.7120
niebuhr@vims.edu
***********************************************************************
--------------7C0FDA04AB7D475BC4B1D726
Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML>
Dear Gene:
<P>The situation on Vieques is complex. Yes, one of the leaders of the
movement to remove the Navy from Vieques is the president of the local
Fishermans' Association. He is also an avid supporter of several grass-roots
efforts to protect and preserve the island's natural resources and has
a keen respect for the island, its people, and its unique habitats. He
has helped me in my research and has provided boats and manpower for efforts
to monitor and protect Puerto Mosquito.
<P>I caution you not to assume that because this gentleman is a a fisherman
he only wants to see the Navy out so fishermen can exploit the local resources.
<P>I repeat, the Vieques situation is complex. The Viequense have been
isolated on their own island, there is tremendous pressure to "modernize"
and "develop" the island for "the sake of the people," and the island harbors
some healthy reefs and two of the last (monoculture- <I>Pyrodinium bahamense</I>)
bioluminescent bays in the Caribbean. There are many "interests" involved
in the Vieques situation and very few of them are concerned with protecting
coral, bioluminescent bays or any other important habitat.
<P>I have conducted research on both Vieques' reef systems and on Puerto
Mosquito (biobay). I have worked with local environmental groups (Vieques
Conservation and Historic Trust) and I have provided expert evidence in
a law suit filed against the Municipality of Isabel Segunda, the Dept.
of the Interior, the EPA and the Navy for violations of the Clean Water
Act and the Endangered Species Act.
<P>I have been quietly amused while this discussion has raged on the coral
list. I am glad so many people have taken interest in this small island's
welfare, but I'm afraid that witohut knowing the island many folks are
looking for simple answers to an extremely difficult question.
<P>The state of the coral and other important habitats located at Vieques
is not solely the result of limited fishing harvest (they fish is most
areas except during periods of bombing), but is also the result of limited
urban and suburban development and the relatively low&nbsp; environmental
impacts of the Navy's presence on the island.&nbsp;
<P>The only way to move forward and solve this problem is to move slowly.
The local government, grass roots organizations the Navy and the federal
government need to frame a plan that will solve this problem while protecting
Vieques' unique resources.
<P>Gene Shinn wrote:
<BLOCKQUOTE TYPE=CITE>It concluded that the reason was that fisherman can't
get in.
<BR>The report came to mind when I first read that the leader of the movement
<BR>to get the Navy out is the head of the Fishermans Association.</BLOCKQUOTE>
<P><BR>--David Niebuhr
<P>***********************************************************************
<BR>David H. Niebuhr, Ph.D.
<BR>Education and Communications Coordinator
<BR>Chesapeake Bay NERR in Virginia/School of Education
<BR>College of William and Mary
<BR>POB 1346 Gloucester Pt., VA 23062
<BR>Phone: 804.684.7144
<BR>Fax:&nbsp;&nbsp; 804.684.7120
<BR>niebuhr@vims.edu
<BR>***********************************************************************
<BR>&nbsp;</HTML>
--------------7C0FDA04AB7D475BC4B1D726--
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov 29 13:48:44 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA25012 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 13:48:43 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA29163; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 13:57:49 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xmaa29064; Mon, 29 Nov 99 13:57:22 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 13:53:44 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA04468; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 18:35:25 GMT
Received: from hotmail.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list-digest@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA04476; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 13:35:18 -0500 (EST)
Received: (qmail 23043 invoked by uid 0); 29 Nov 1999 18:35:18 -0000
Message-Id: <19991129183518.23042.qmail@hotmail.com>
Received: from 206.99.218.240 by www.hotmail.com with HTTP;
	Mon, 29 Nov 1999 10:35:17 PST
X-Originating-IP: [206.99.218.240]
From: "Edwin Hernandez-Delgado" <coral_giac@hotmail.com>
To: gene@fearless.er.usgs.gov, coral-list-digest@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Cc: eco-isla@earthsystems.org
Subject: Re: Vieques reefs
Date: Mon, 29 Nov 1999 10:35:17 PST
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Edwin Hernandez-Delgado" <coral_giac@hotmail.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 763
Dear Coral-Listers:
This is to thank you all for bringing into the public forum the Vieques
(Puerto Rico) bombing issue. There have been excellent recommendations.
However, there are still two aspects that require additional comments.
First, Arnfried Antonius commented a few days ago that it has been long
known that bombs do not harm coral reefs. This is simply false and the
conclusions of that study can not be used as an excuse to keep the US Navy
bombing our coral reefs and killing Puerto Rican civilians.
The effects of hurricanes and bombs will be different, depending on the
spatial and temporal scales being measured. Hurricanes do harm coral reefs
at larger spatial scales than bombs do, but to my knowledge, no hurricane
has been able to open 25 meter wide, 5 meter deep craters in a coral reef,
such as those present in Vieques and Culebra islands. No hurricane has been
able to crack or pulverize huge coral heads such as those demolished by
bombs in Vieques and Culebra. Furthermore, no hurricane has been able to
cause massive fish kills in a matter of seconds such as bombing does.  We
should not try to minimize the physical destruction caused by the massive
cratering of Vieques reefs.  So, we should not confuse one thing with the
other, and should not use it as an excuse to protect the US Navy interests.
More recently, Gene Shinn brought back the issue and added the comment that
there were more fish in that area than elsewhere in Puerto Rico, adding that
no wonder why the head of the Vieques fishermen association in the leader of
the movement against the US Navy here.
1. I haven't had the opportunity to see that report, but would like to see
the data to which comparisons were made.  My own studies (Ph.D.
Dissertation; and Hernandez-Delgado and Sabat, in press) show that there is
a clear gradient of increasing fish species richness, diversity, abundance,
average size and standing stock biomass as we move across the insular shelf
from environmentally-degraded and over-exploited coral reefs to offshore
remote coral reefs. Vieques' coral reefs are considered remote in relation
to highly degraded coastal areas in the main island of Puerto Rico.
2. Nobody has actualized quantitative information about the status of coral
reef fish communities n Vieques to establish a baseline ata bank, and to
compare the status of fish communities within and outside of target areas.
We have tried to seek a permit for that and did not even recieved an answer.
3. I didn't understand Shinn's comment regarding the fishermen, but
everybody should know that, not only fishermen, but the whole Vieques Island
community, many political, syndical and women organizations, students and
faculty from all univerities, the Catholic Church, as well as many other
local, national and international religious, social, political, grassroots
and environmental organizations support Vieques in their struggle to finish
bombing by the US Navy.  Even, most of our politicians support viequenses.
Just to clarify that this is not a matter of fishing or not within target
areas because even target areas have been sporadically fished.
Edwin A. Hernandez-Delgado
Research Associate
University of Puerto Rico
Department of Biology
Coral Reef Research Group
P.O. Box 23360
San Juan, Puerto Rico
Tel. (787) 764-0000, x-4855
Fax  (787) 764-2610
e-mail: coral_giac@hotmail.com
______________________________________________________
Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov 29 16:14:05 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA00887 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 16:14:03 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA17003; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 16:23:09 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma016949; Mon, 29 Nov 99 16:22:40 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 16:18:59 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA05465; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 21:02:04 GMT
Received: from myrtle.rtpnc.epa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list-digest@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA05458; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 16:01:54 -0500 (EST)
From: Santavy.Debbie@EPAMAIL.EPA.GOV
Received: from EPAHUB2.RTP.EPA.GOV (epahub2.rtp.epa.gov [134.67.213.31])
 by epamail.epa.gov (PMDF V5.2-32 #41376)
 with SMTP id <0FLZ00EQ08Q8QP@epamail.epa.gov> for
 coral-list-digest@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 15:54:09 -0500 (EST)
Received: by
 EPAHUB2.RTP.EPA.GOV(Lotus SMTP MTA v4.6.3 hotfix 1  (767.1 12-15-1998))
  id 85256838.0072CF0D ; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 15:54:01 -0500
Date: Mon, 29 Nov 1999 14:48:57 -0600
Subject: Post-Doc Opportunity
To: coral-list-digest@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Message-Id: <85256838.00725A68.00@EPAHUB2.RTP.EPA.GOV>
MIME-version: 1.0
Content-type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-disposition: inline
X-Lotus-FromDomain: EPA
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Santavy.Debbie@EPAMAIL.EPA.GOV
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 764
There are research opportunities for one pre-doc and one post-doc to develop
cooperative and collaborative scientific research and training opportunities at
the US Environmental Protection Agency, at Gulf Breeze, Florida.  The
individuals will develop research under the mentorship of Dr. Deborah L. Santavy
and are expected to spend a portion of their time at the laboratory in Gulf
Breeze.
POST-DOC Reef Coral Stressors.  The Post Doctoral Research Associate  will
investigate the effects of anthropogenic and climate change stressors on reef
corals. The effects of UVB in combination with locally identified stresses such
as temperature, turbidity, nutrients, and pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons, which are known to be photochemically enhanced, are largely
unexplored and will be the focus of research.
PRE-DOC  Coral Reef Diseases. Graduate Student to investigate histopathology,
etiology, microbiology, and/or ecology of disease processes in the dominant
coral species, Acropora palmata, in the Florida Keys. The major objective of
this research is to determine if infectious diseases and/or abiotic stressors
are responsible for tissue necrosis and loss of corals in the Florida Keys.
GED/UWF Science Training in Ecology Program (STEP) is designed to provide
undergraduate and graduate students
as well as post-doctoral level researchers with cooperative and collaborative
scientific research and training opportunities. It is
anticipated that most, if not all, research will be conducted at the
Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and
Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Gulf Ecology Division, Gulf Breeze,
FL (GED) (http://www.epa.gov/ged/).
Students and postdoctoral associates from colleges and universities within the
United States are eligible to participate and will
be selected via a competitive application procedure.
All candidates must be US citizens.  The deadline for applications has recently
been extended until December 31, 1999.  Applicant information can be found at:
http://www.uwf.edu/~step/
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov 29 17:18:32 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA01935 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 17:18:32 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA24715; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 17:27:40 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma024660; Mon, 29 Nov 99 17:27:14 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 17:23:49 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id WAA05764; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 22:11:11 GMT
Received: from hotmail.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA05910; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 17:11:00 -0500 (EST)
Received: (qmail 71141 invoked by uid 0); 29 Nov 1999 22:10:59 -0000
Message-Id: <19991129221059.71140.qmail@hotmail.com>
Received: from 206.99.218.240 by www.hotmail.com with HTTP;
	Mon, 29 Nov 1999 14:10:59 PST
X-Originating-IP: [206.99.218.240]
From: "Edwin Hernandez-Delgado" <coral_giac@hotmail.com>
To: gene@fearless.er.usgs.gov, niebuhr@vims.edu,
        coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, eco-isla@earthsystems.org
Subject: Re: Vieques
Date: Mon, 29 Nov 1999 14:10:59 PST
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Edwin Hernandez-Delgado" <coral_giac@hotmail.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 765
Dear coral-listers.
The letter attached below was sent as a carbon copy (CC) to me by Dr. Gene
Shinn. I decided to post it simply because there is still people who claims
that this is more an emotional issue than a scientific issue.  Certainly, we
have to deal with both things. But blaming fishermen for all problems in
Puerto Rican coral reefs outside of Navy's waters is like only being looking
at the point of the iceberg.
Yes, there are many emotional aspects nvolved in this issue. Fifty eight
years of bombs pounding in the backyards of nearly 10,000 residents has
obviously been emotional. A 27% cancer rate has obviously been emotional.
And Viequenses are very clear, no more bombs!  Please, let's not forget that
we are dealing, not only with coral and fish, but with people.
Let's discuss possible management alternatives.  But, has anybody ever asked
the simple question of what are we going to discuss about if there is no
baseline data about the actual status of coral reefs and reef fisheries
within target areas? Should we start by that fact?  We have the expertise to
carry out that type of studies in the University of Puerto Rico, but the
U.S. and the Puerto Rican government seem to be not interested in that. Any
suggestions?
Edwin A. Hernandez-Delgado
University of Puerto Rico
From: Gene Shinn <gene@fearless.er.usgs.gov>
To: niebuhr@vims.edu
CC: coral_giac@hotmail.com
Subject: Vieques
Date: Mon, 29 Nov 1999 14:28:12 -0500
Dear David, Thank you for your calm and collected response to my brief
comment on the Vieques situation. I realize this is a highly complex issue
and the reef is probably just the tip of the political iceberg. Wish now I
had stayed out of the fracus. There is certainly more emotion than science
involved in this issue. You might be interested to know that I established 3
coral monitoring stations on Culebra after they were impacted by hurricane
Hugo and have spent a few months on the island. Did get a good sense of
local feelings and of course almost everyday we heard the bombs over on
Vieques..The bottom line on our monitoring (have turned the whole project
over to Ginger Garrison USGS/BRD at St. John VI) was that the reefs (both
windward, leeward, and a polluted site off the canal that drains the
village) were recovering rapidly after the Hurricane but then in the late
1990s diseases set in and corals that had regrown started to die. It is an
interesting problem and unfortunately it is Caribbean-wide. I could go on
and on but will wait until we learn more about what kills corals in
isolated parts of the Caribbean where the human population is low. Thanks
again for your calm and informative response. Gene
"If we lose our capacity to be wrong, we are not doing the business of
science" Charles L. Drake
------------------------------------ -----------------------------------
Gene Shinn                          | email  eshinn@usgs.gov
USGS Center for Coastal Geology     | http://coastal.er.usgs.gov
600 4th St. South                   | voice  (727) 803-8747 x3030
St.Petersburg, FL  33701            | fax    (727) 803-2032
------------------------------------ -----------------------------------
______________________________________________________
Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov 29 18:05:18 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id SAA03228 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 18:05:17 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA28410; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 18:11:15 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028318; Mon, 29 Nov 99 18:10:22 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 18:06:44 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id WAA06139; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 22:55:31 GMT
Received: from hotmail.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA06114; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 17:55:24 -0500 (EST)
Received: (qmail 24916 invoked by uid 0); 29 Nov 1999 22:55:24 -0000
Message-Id: <19991129225524.24915.qmail@hotmail.com>
Received: from 206.99.218.242 by www.hotmail.com with HTTP;
	Mon, 29 Nov 1999 14:55:24 PST
X-Originating-IP: [206.99.218.242]
From: "Edwin Hernandez-Delgado" <coral_giac@hotmail.com>
To: jplacer@aa.net, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, eco-isla@earthsystems.org
Subject: Info about Vieques
Date: Mon, 29 Nov 1999 14:55:24 PST
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Edwin Hernandez-Delgado" <coral_giac@hotmail.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 766
For more information about the Vieques situation, please contact:
http://www.viequeslibre.org
For information regarding the draft proposed sustainable development plan of
a Navy-free Vieques, please contact:
Robert Rabin
Comite Pro Rescate y Desarrollo de Vieques
(Committee for the Rescue and Development of Vieques)
bieke@coqui.net
Regards,
Edwin
Edwin A. Hernandez-Delgado
Investigador Asociado
Universidad de Puerto Rico
Departamento de Biologia
Grupo de Investigacion en Arrecifes de Coral
P.O. Box 23360
San Juan, Puerto Rico 00931-3360
Tel. (787) 764-0000, x-4855
Fax  (787) 764-2610
e-mail: coral_giac@hotmail.com
        diploria@coqui.net
******************************************
______________________________________________________
Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov 29 20:25:48 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id UAA04286 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 20:25:48 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA06385; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 20:34:56 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma006345; Mon, 29 Nov 99 20:33:58 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 20:30:19 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id BAA06992; Tue, 30 Nov 1999 01:17:54 GMT
Received: from pisces.tcg.sgi.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id UAA06979; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 20:17:43 -0500 (EST)
Received: from oemcomputer (dap-209-114-167-32.pm4-1-s5.eth.pgh.pa.stargate.net [209.114.167.32])
	by pisces.tcg.sgi.net (StarGate/4.0.24) with ESMTP id UAA04719
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 20:17:28 -0500 (EST)
Message-Id: <199911300117.UAA04719@pisces.tcg.sgi.net>
From: "Wendy Jo" <slkyshrk@sgi.net>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Date: Mon, 29 Nov 1999 20:12:38 -0800
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT
Subject: Re: Vieques reefs
Priority: normal
In-reply-to: <19991129183518.23042.qmail@hotmail.com>
X-mailer: Pegasus Mail for Win32 (v3.12b)
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Wendy Jo" <slkyshrk@sgi.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 767
Although I am not a scientist (working on it) I find this discussion
between hurricane damage and bombing damage quite intriguing,
but some points are sorely being missed on this aspect.
Hurricanes are Mother Nature's way of replanting, replenishing,
recycling, killing, giving birth to, and fixing whatever needs to be,
the way she sees fit, in ways that we can't even begin to
comprehend. Although we do try so hard sometimes. That's
science. There's nothing "emotional" about it. Bombing by humans
can never be compared to nature's way of doing things, not under
any circumstances, no matter how wonderful a scientist one is.
Bombing is humans way of saying "I do this because I can." Even
after reading the threads on this, I still cannot see the benefit of
destroying this island, or parts of it, that is inhabited by fellow
human beings, and diverse wildlife. What DO we know about the
island and it's inhabitants? (ALL of them). Ever stop to think that
the diverse plantlife we're choking and destroying could be a cure
for some disease? When, pray tell, will we ever fight a human
against human war such as we did 50 years ago, using this
particular "technology"?  I fear that the next will be with sticks and
stones. (And I can't remember who said that.)
Like the age of DDT, what are we gonna do 20, 30, 40 years from
now. Say "Whoops."?? I think we should be tired of that mentality
by now. As a child, my mom and dad always taught me to "Look
before you Leap". It's a policy that, as an adult, I live by.
If we learn to think further ahead to the future of our current
endeavors, we might be able to end the battle that we've waged on
this one and only life support system that we have.
Sincerely,
Wendy Jo
"The library of life is on fire, and we must put it out."
~~Gro Harlem Brundtland, Prime Minister of Norway
>>)):> >>)):>  >>)):>  >>)):>  >>)):>  >>)):>  >>)):>  >>)):>
Wendy Jo Shemansky
Graduate Student
Environmental Research Science and Management
Duquesne University
Environmental News Director, West Penn Scuba Divers
Pittsburgh, PA
slkyshrk@sgi.net
(412) 244 - 3318
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov 29 20:54:21 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id UAA04478 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 20:54:20 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA07433; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 21:03:29 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma007405; Mon, 29 Nov 99 21:02:28 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 20:58:50 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id BAA07151; Tue, 30 Nov 1999 01:53:01 GMT
Received: from lakdiva.slt.lk by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id UAA07178; Mon, 29 Nov 1999 20:52:52 -0500 (EST)
Received: from smtp.slt.lk ([204.143.97.87])
	by lakdiva.slt.lk (8.9.1b+Sun/8.9.1) with SMTP id HAA26167
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 30 Nov 1999 07:53:30 -0600 (GMT)
Date: Tue, 30 Nov 1999 07:53:30 -0600 (GMT)
Message-Id: <1.5.4.16.19991130075424.11f7312e@sltnet.lk>
X-Sender: firefish@sltnet.lk
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Light Version 1.5.4 (16)
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Prasanna Weerakkody <firefish@sltnet.lk>
Subject: Re: Vieques
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Prasanna Weerakkody <firefish@sltnet.lk>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 768
On the issue of Vieques; I am located far away in the Indian Ocean and
wathching the dialogue I Just wandered how the reefs are better off with
bombs going off all around. We see the impact of underwater explosions on
reefs commonly as the practice of Fish dynamiting is common here where we work.
Even with the small charges used the sea floor damage can be drastic in
situations and it sure has a major impact on the fish species composition on
the reef. The reef is soon cleared of all big Jacks, Groupers, Parrots,
Sweetlips and the like. Fish loss is not only by being killed by the blast
but they seem to avoid these reefs as well. In the East coast of Sri Lanka
where the coastline is under Navy command, Regular underwater blasts are
carried out to keep terorist divers from penitrating the defence barries.
Diving on a reef aproximately 1.5Km. away from blast zone the same
conditions were true. The reef was intact (as no blasting occured on the
reef itself) and most fish were in good numbers (actualy better than
neibouring areas subjected to fishing)  but no big fish was seen on these
reefs as was the experiance with the Southern reefs subjected to fish
Dynamiting.
Prasanna Weerakkody
Nature Conservation Group (Natcog)
No.9, Balapokuna place,
Colombo 6.
Sri Lanka
Phone: (941) 856041
E-mail:	firefish@sltnet.lk
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Nov 30 06:15:30 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id GAA07201 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 30 Nov 1999 06:15:29 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id GAA22103; Tue, 30 Nov 1999 06:24:38 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma022086; Tue, 30 Nov 99 06:24:28 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 30 Nov 1999 06:10:44 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id KAA09984; Tue, 30 Nov 1999 10:57:30 GMT
Received: from cybertime.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id FAA10026; Tue, 30 Nov 1999 05:50:55 -0500 (EST)
Received: from user [157.22.205.37] by cybertime.net
  (SMTPD32-5.05) id ABAA91150140; Tue, 30 Nov 1999 02:49:14 -0800
Message-Id: <00ed01bf3b21$115c89a0$25cd169d@user>
From: "Bret Raines" <rainesbk@cybertime.net>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: RE:  Leptoseris paschalensis
Date: Tue, 30 Nov 1999 02:52:58 -0800
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_00EA_01BF3ADE.0280A800"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.3110.1
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Bret Raines" <rainesbk@cybertime.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 769
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_00EA_01BF3ADE.0280A800
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
I now have the information I need.  Thank you to everyone that provided =
support.
Sincerely,  Bret=20
------=_NextPart_000_00EA_01BF3ADE.0280A800
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META content=3Dtext/html;charset=3Diso-8859-1 =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D'"MSHTML 4.72.3110.7"' name=3DGENERATOR>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>I now have the information I =
need.&nbsp;=20
</FONT><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Thank you to everyone that =
provided=20
support.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Sincerely,&nbsp; Bret=20
</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_000_00EA_01BF3ADE.0280A800--
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Nov 30 08:17:19 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id IAA08390 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 30 Nov 1999 08:17:18 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA00420; Tue, 30 Nov 1999 08:26:27 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma000219; Tue, 30 Nov 99 08:25:30 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 30 Nov 1999 08:22:02 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA10816; Tue, 30 Nov 1999 13:12:51 GMT
Received: from imo20.mx.aol.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id IAA10270; Tue, 30 Nov 1999 08:12:41 -0500 (EST)
From: EricHugo@aol.com
Received: from EricHugo@aol.com
	by imo20.mx.aol.com (mail_out_v24.4.) id b.0.acf74091 (4422)
	 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 30 Nov 1999 08:12:36 -0500 (EST)
Message-Id: <0.acf74091.25752744@aol.com>
Date: Tue, 30 Nov 1999 08:12:36 EST
Subject: Re: Vieques
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Mailer: AOL for Macintosh sub 54
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: EricHugo@aol.com
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 770
I had not read this thread until this morning, having saved it for what has
become an almost "novel-istic" foray of banter and enlightening discussion.
I do have a question that has occurred to me, perhaps from stepping back from
the more involved day-to-day postings. Notwithstanding the other complex
issues that must be addressed, but in terms of the bombing in Vieques and
elsewhere,
Why coral reefs at all?
If a military decides for any reason at all (however senseless and with
whatever locale, human, and other aspects that may be forthcoming), are there
not shallow areas less threatened, less biodiverse, and less ecologically
invasive than the actual coral reefs?  A sandy area a few km's away?  Is
there something special about bombing a reef? I doubt that invertebrates are
being used as animal test subjects for projectile impact studies
later....after all, the US military uses higher primates from even more
threatened habitats for that end!  Seemingly, the use of areas of low
biodiversity nearby would also still passively protect fisheries and other
useries by proximity alone.
And "Wendy Jo":  It was Einstein who quoted,
"I don't know how World War 3 will be fought, but I do know how World War 4
will be fought...with sticks and stones."
If you like that, you should read his other thoughts on peace, disarmament,
and the general state of man.  The US military and out world should engage
such ideas, as well.
Eric Borneman
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Nov 30 14:15:56 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA18513 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 30 Nov 1999 14:15:55 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA14273; Tue, 30 Nov 1999 14:25:03 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma013889; Tue, 30 Nov 99 14:24:22 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 30 Nov 1999 14:16:58 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA13285; Tue, 30 Nov 1999 18:52:35 GMT
Message-Id: <199911301852.SAA13285@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: "Jon Shenker" <shenker@fit.edu>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Summer Courses in Australia
Date: Mon, 29 Nov 1999 13:18:28 -0500
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Jon Shenker" <shenker@fit.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 771
 My apologies for cross-postings.
 The Florida Institute of Technology and the University of New South Wales
 are offering a 6-credit summer program studying the marine and terrestrial
 biology and ecology of Australia.  Students will spend most of the 6 week
 course in the field, at sites including the Kakadu National Park, Lady
 Elliott Island, the Daintree Rainforest, and a live-aboard dive boat on the
 edge of the Coral Sea.  This popular course will be limited to 22 students,
 so interested participants should apply in the near future.
 For more information, visit our web site:
 http://www.bio.fit.edu/summer/aust.htm
 or contact  Dr. Jon Shenker:  shenker@fit.edu
>
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Nov 30 22:18:05 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id WAA25752 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 30 Nov 1999 22:18:04 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA25267; Tue, 30 Nov 1999 22:27:15 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma025246; Tue, 30 Nov 99 22:27:07 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 30 Nov 1999 22:21:21 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id DAA15944; Wed, 1 Dec 1999 03:15:27 GMT
Received: from proxy4.ba.best.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id WAA15973; Tue, 30 Nov 1999 22:15:17 -0500 (EST)
Received: from carterg.vip.best.com (dynamic1.pm02.san-mateo.best.com [205.149.174.65])
	by proxy4.ba.best.com (8.9.3/8.9.2/best.out) with ESMTP id TAA22501
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 30 Nov 1999 19:13:30 -0800 (PST)
Message-Id: <38449326.47559E1E@orf.org>
Date: Tue, 30 Nov 1999 19:16:54 -0800
From: "Greg L. Carter" <gcarter@orf.org>
Organization: Oceanic Resource Foundation
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.01 [en] (Win95; I)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: ORF Newsletter
X-Priority: 3 (Normal)
References: <199905042052.UAA19750@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
X-Corel-MessageType: EMail
Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="------------1B8C3888A3337E5B9194DDCA"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Greg L. Carter" <gcarter@orf.org>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 772
--------------1B8C3888A3337E5B9194DDCA
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Greetings Coral-listers,
The latest issue of Currents, the publication of the Oceanic Resource
Foundation has been posted to the ORF website at
www.orf.org/CURRENTS/autumn99.pdf. This is an Adobe Acrobat Reader file.
This issue contains articles on sea turtle conservation in Costa Rica,
coral bleaching in Palau, environmental conservation in Pulau Banyak
(Indonesia), the challenges of environmental  protection facing the
Black Sea and the Republic of Abkhazia, and information about the 2nd
annual Baja Tortuguero meeting to be held in Loreto, Baja California in
January 2000.
Individuals who are unable to open the online version and are interested
in receiving the printed version of the publication may request copies
via email to Greg Carter at gcarter@orf.org.
At this time we are also seeking articles from interested researchers
for the next issue.
Best regards, Greg
--
"Mother, mother ocean I have heard your call,
Wanted to sail upon your waters since I was three feet tall."
Jimmy Buffet
Greg L. Carter                                http://www.orf.org
gcarter@orf.org                     Oceanic Resource Foundation
--------------1B8C3888A3337E5B9194DDCA
Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
<HTML>
Greetings Coral-listers,
<P>The latest issue of <I>Currents</I>, the publication of the Oceanic
Resource Foundation has been posted to the ORF website at www.orf.org/CURRENTS/autumn99.pdf.
This is an Adobe Acrobat Reader file.
<P>This issue contains articles on sea turtle conservation in Costa Rica,
coral bleaching in Palau, environmental conservation in Pulau Banyak (Indonesia),
the challenges of environmental&nbsp; protection facing the Black Sea and
the Republic of Abkhazia, and information about the 2nd annual Baja Tortuguero
meeting to be held in Loreto, Baja California in January 2000.
<P>Individuals who are unable to open the online version and are interested
in receiving the printed version of the publication may request copies
via email to Greg Carter at gcarter@orf.org.
<P>At this time we are also seeking articles from interested researchers
for the next issue.
<P>Best regards, Greg
<P>--
<BR>"Mother, mother ocean I have heard your call,
<BR>Wanted to sail upon your waters since I was three feet tall."
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
Jimmy Buffet
<P>Greg L. Carter&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
<A HREF="http://www.orf.org">http://www.orf.org</A>
<BR>gcarter@orf.org&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
Oceanic Resource Foundation
<BR>&nbsp;</HTML>
--------------1B8C3888A3337E5B9194DDCA--
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Nov 30 23:58:34 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id XAA26393 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 30 Nov 1999 23:58:33 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id AAA29380; Wed, 1 Dec 1999 00:07:44 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma029346; Wed, 1 Dec 99 00:07:04 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 1 Dec 1999 00:01:14 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id EAA16383; Wed, 1 Dec 1999 04:55:13 GMT
Received: from smta-hub-2.CGNET.COM by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id XAA16403; Tue, 30 Nov 1999 23:55:05 -0500 (EST)
Received: from csi.cgnet.com ([192.156.137.135])
 by smta-hub-2.cgnet.com (PMDF V5.2-32 #40179)
 with ESMTP id <0FM100BGCPLNMM@smta-hub-2.cgnet.com> for
 coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Tue, 30 Nov 1999 20:53:47 -0800 (PST)
Received: from noccgiarx3.cgnet.com (noccgiarx3.cgiar.org)
 by CSI.CGNET.COM (PMDF V5.1-10 #18290)
 with SMTP id <01JIYNA72SGK00024G@CSI.CGNET.COM> for
 coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Tue, 30 Nov 1999 20:51:57 -0700 (PDT)
Received: from 198.93.224.36 by noccgiarx3.cgnet.com
 (InterScan E-Mail VirusWall NT); Tue,
 30 Nov 1999 20:54:57 -0800 (Pacific Standard Time)
Received: by noccgiarx3.cgiar.org with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
 id <X8J7KGJF>; Tue, 30 Nov 1999 20:54:57 -0800
Date: Tue, 30 Nov 1999 21:01:42 -0800
From: John McManus <J.MCMANUS@CGIAR.ORG>
Subject: RE: Grad scientists - a little light hearted philosophy
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Message-Id: <CD1C16487623D2119B7800104B62CDBD38FFF1@ICLARMX>
MIME-version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
Content-type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: John McManus <J.MCMANUS@CGIAR.ORG>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 773
Just an aside on behalf of encouraging wide participation...
A grad student wrote:
"Although I am not a scientist (working on it)..."
All scientists are students. We just stop paying tuition after a while,
perhaps after getting a degree or two.
When we stop being students, we stop being scientists.
Lots of students are scientists. The degree doesn't make someone a
scientist, though it often helps with credibility and funding.
The value of a contribution does not depend on the degree of the person
behind it, but rather on how much closer it brings us to understanding
reality. Coral_list is a great opportunity to help keep as much reality as
possible in our work. Wide participation is crucial to that task. Degreed
scientists, non-degreed scientists, nonscientists and lots of people
in-between have been very helpful in our attempts to figure out what's
happening to reefs and what should be done about it.
John McManus
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Dec  1 05:54:19 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id FAA27967 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 1 Dec 1999 05:54:18 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id GAA10454; Wed, 1 Dec 1999 06:03:28 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma010439; Wed, 1 Dec 99 06:03:26 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 1 Dec 1999 05:57:19 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id KAA18235; Wed, 1 Dec 1999 10:51:32 GMT
Received: from mta1.tm.net.my by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id FAA18265; Wed, 1 Dec 1999 05:51:24 -0500 (EST)
Received: from tm.net.my ([202.188.83.53]) by mta1.tm.net.my
          (InterMail v03.02.05 118 121 101) with ESMTP
          id <19991201105119.ZJQ29670@tm.net.my>;
          Wed, 1 Dec 1999 18:51:19 +0800
Message-Id: <3844FEBE.60B7F68D@tm.net.my>
Date: Wed, 01 Dec 1999 18:55:58 +0800
From: Don baker <dbaker@tm.net.my>
Organization: Pacific Aqua-Tech Systems
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.51 [en]C-CCK-MCD   (Win98; I)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: "AQUA-L@killick.ifmt.nf.ca" <AQUA-L@killick.ifmt.nf.ca>
CC: "coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>,
        mmeja@mozcom.com, orca_inc@bigfoot.com, snakes@brunet.bn,
        wvaraos@hotmail.com
Subject: Cebu & Tawi Tawi Visit - Giant Clams & Coral Farming
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
 boundary="------------0A03291DE7FEAA00118A9704"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Don baker <dbaker@tm.net.my>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 774
--------------0A03291DE7FEAA00118A9704
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
From:    Don Baker / THE REEF PROJECT
             Kota Kinabalu - Pulau Gaya
             Sabah, Malaysia
REF:     Philippines - Giant Clams & Coral Farming
I will be in the Philippines from Dec. 10th to the 29th.  I would like
to visit with parties in/around Cebu with regards to the present
status/state of "coral farming" there and nearby?
I will also be in Tawi Tawi to assess conditions and brood stocks for
the establishment of a giant clam [Tridacna] hatchery & nursery.  I will
be in Tawi Tawi from about Dec. 11th to 18th - Cebu around 21st to
30th.  Bohol for few days during Xmas.
All parties interested in contacting me while I am in the Rep. of the
PI, please email me directly to relay contact telephone #s, etc.
My personal email: donbakerjr@hotmail.com
THE REEF PROJECT "other" email: reefprj@hotmail.com
My handphone#: 6 [019 852 1602]  [should have intnl "roaming"]
Home/Office Fax: 6 088 715 629
Looking forward to it!
Don Baker
Sabah, Malaysia
--------------0A03291DE7FEAA00118A9704
Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en">
<html>
From:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Don Baker / THE REEF PROJECT
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
Kota Kinabalu - Pulau Gaya
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
Sabah, Malaysia
<p><b>REF:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Philippines - Giant Clams &amp; Coral
Farming</b><b></b>
<p>I will be in the Philippines from Dec. 10th to the 29th.&nbsp; I would
like to visit with parties in/around Cebu with regards to the present status/state
of "coral farming" there and nearby?
<p>I will also be in Tawi Tawi to assess conditions and brood stocks for
the establishment of a giant clam [Tridacna] hatchery &amp; nursery.&nbsp;
I will be in Tawi Tawi from about Dec. 11th to 18th - Cebu around 21st
to 30th.&nbsp; Bohol for few days during Xmas.
<p>All parties interested in contacting me while I am in the Rep. of the
PI, please email me directly to relay contact telephone #s, etc.
<p>My personal email: donbakerjr@hotmail.com
<br><b>THE REEF PROJECT "other" email: reefprj@hotmail.com</b>
<br><b>My handphone#: 6 [019 852 1602]&nbsp; [should have intnl "roaming"]</b>
<br><b>Home/Office Fax: 6 088 715 629</b><b></b>
<p>Looking forward to it!
<p><b>Don Baker</b>
<br>Sabah, Malaysia</html>
--------------0A03291DE7FEAA00118A9704--
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Dec  1 13:25:56 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA07561 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 1 Dec 1999 13:25:56 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA00968; Wed, 1 Dec 1999 13:35:06 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma000463; Wed, 1 Dec 99 13:34:05 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 1 Dec 1999 13:02:32 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA21693; Wed, 1 Dec 1999 17:45:45 GMT
Received: from vxe.ocis.uncwil.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA21548; Wed, 1 Dec 1999 12:45:38 -0500 (EST)
Received: from szmanta-dell (szmanta-dell.bio.uncwil.edu [152.20.28.82])
 by uncwil.edu (PMDF V5.2-32 #28112)
 with SMTP id <01JIZKLK1I0E8ZF24I@uncwil.edu> for
 coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Wed, 1 Dec 1999 12:45:36 EST
Date: Wed, 01 Dec 1999 12:50:58 -0500
From: "Alina M. Szmant" <szmanta@uncwil.edu>
Subject: New Summer 2000 Coral Reef Research Course:  at UNCW and Roatan
X-Sender: szmanta@pop.uncwil.edu
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Message-Id: <3.0.1.32.19991201125058.0070c800@pop.uncwil.edu>
MIME-version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0.1 (32)
Content-type: text/enriched; charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Alina M. Szmant" <szmanta@uncwil.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 775
<center><bold><bigger><bigger>University of North Carolina at=20
Wilmington
Summer Study in Roatan, Honduras:=20
Integrated Field Research in Coral Reef Ecology
June 5,  - July 14, 2000
(6 weeks; 12 credits)</bigger></bigger></bold>=09
</center>
<bold>INSTRUCTORS:  from the University of North Carolina at Wilmington,
Dept of Biological Sciences
</bold>Dr.  Alina M. Szmant, reef corals and invertebrates
Dr. Ileana E. Clavijo, coral reef fishes
Dr. Craig Bailey, coral reef alage
<bold>COURSE NUMBERS AND TITLES
</bold>BIO 485-A /585-A(3 credits): Ecology of reef corals and other
invertebrates
BIO 485-A /585-ALab (1 credit): Laboratory
BIO 485-B /585-B(3 credits): Ecology of coral reef algae
BIO 485-B/585-B Lab (1 credit): Laboratory
BIO 485-C/585-C (3 credits): Ecology of coral reef fishes
BIO 485-C/585-C Lab (1 credit): Laboratory
<center>
</center><bold>Students must register for all twelve credit hours.
</bold>
<bold>Prerequisites: prior course work in coral reef ecology, marine
biology, marine science or similar course, and permission of=20
instructors
</bold>
	Three of the 6 weeks (the field protion) of this course will be spent
living and working in the rustic tropical facilties of the Roatan
Institute for Marine Sciences, located on the largest of the Bay Islands,
on the Caribbean coast of Honduras.  This island is fringed with
mangroves and small fishing villages, and boasts among the best developed
barrier reefs in the Caribbean.  Lodging will be provided by the Antony
Key Resort, a well known dive destination in the Caribbean.=20
	This is a research-intensive field course for students who have already
had formal course work on coral reef ecology, marine ecology, marine
biology or similar coursework.  Students will be taught by the three
instructors how to identify and study three major groups of coral reef
organisms:  marine invertebrates, algae and fishes.  =20
	Reef corals and major groups of coral reef dwelling invertebrates will
be studied from the point of view of their functional roles in forming
and sustaining coral reef function.  Aspects to be examined include life
history strategies, tropho-dynamics and co-evolution of interactions with
other functional groups such as reef algae and fishes.  The course will
stress the ecological importance of macro- and microalgae found in reef
ecosystems.  Field-work will focus on the identification and distribution
of common species.  Morphological and physiological adaptations of
keystone species will also be discussed. Interactions among algal groups
and between algae and other inhabitants of reefs will be examined
experimentally.  In addition, species that play especially important
biogeochemical roles in reef ecosystems will be emphasized.   An
ecological and ethological approach to the study of reef fishes will be
emphasized with field research to test theories and problems such as
ecological niche, competition, social systems, reproduction, recruitment
and population biology.
	Students will visit a wide variety of coral reef habitats (patch reefs,
bank reefs, barrier reefs, fore-reef v.s. back-reef, etc.), as well as
associated marine environments (seagrass beds and mangrove forests),
making observations on the characteristic community structure at each
site.  Students will work on individual taxonomic projects for each of
the three groups of organisms, and keep a journal on their ecological
observations of their selected groups during the field excursions.  They
will also work in small groups on field experiments designed by the
instructors to both demonstrate important ecological relationships
between these major floral/faunal groups, and to provide new data to
important areas of coral reef research.  Students will be guided through
setting up the experiments, collecting and analyzing the data, and
preparing written and oral research reports.  They will learn how to
execute a wide variety of field methods, and use both laboratory and
field instrumentation under real research conditions.  They will be
included as co-authors of any research publication that is based on their
research efforts.
	During the Roatan portion of the course there will be additional
enrichment lectures and tours to learn about the local and Mayan cultures
and tropical terrestrial environments.
	Classes will meet on the UNCW campus during the first week of the course
to discuss and organize the specific research projects (students will be
expected to participate full-time during this period).  Students and
faculty will then fly as a group from Wilmington to Roatan, via Miami.=20
After the 3-week field portion, students will return to the UNCW campus
to finalize data analysis and prepare their oral presentations.  There
will be two days off during the 3rd and 4th of July.
	The course is limited to 12 students.  Students will be selected based
on appropriate background and grades. A 10 % deposit will be needed by
January 15th, 2000, to secure a place.
=09
<bold>Cost: Estimated Cost $4,600 PLUS Tuition.=20
Tuition for 12 credit hours estimated at :  In-State at $1,034 ; Out-of
State at $4669.
</bold>
Includes: airfare from Wilmington, other ground transportation, all room
and board both at UNCW and in Roatan, all laboratory, field, boat and
diving costs in Roatan, DAN diving insurance, study abroad insurance, and
the international student ID card.  This is an all-inclusive package, and
the only additional costs would be personal items such as sodas,
post-cards, etc.=20
For further information, application forms, and to register, contact:
<paraindent><param>out</param>Dr. Alina M. Szmant                       =20
                         =20
</paraindent>UNCW Department of Biological Sciences       =20
601 South College Rd.                                           =20
Wilmington NC 28403-3297
(910)962-7574
FAX: (910)962-4066
szmanta@uncwil.edu
or (same mailing address): =20
Dr. Ileana Clavijo;  (910)962-3472; email clavijo@uncwil.edu
Dr. Craig Bailey:  (910)962-7589; email:  baileyc@uncwil.edu
<bold>Payment Schedule:
</bold>
<bold>January 15, 2000:   Deadline for application with  non-refundable**
$500 deposit </bold>(turn in to Office of International Programs,
University Union 103A, or to Dr. Craig Bailey, Dept. of Biology, tel #
(910)962-7589).
** unless program cancelled=20
<bold>February 1, 2000: </bold>Final date for required number of
applicants for summer program to go,
<bold>March 1, 2000:</bold> Due date for additional non-refundable=20
payment of $1,000 to cover purchase of airplane tickets, and of
submission of paper-work of obtaining visas to Honduras.
<bold>April 1, 2000: </bold>Due date for additional non-refundable
payment of $2,100 to cover lodging and board in Roatan.
<bold>April 29, 2000:</bold> Due date for balance of program cost
(approx. $1,000) due to OIP. =20
Schedule for additional payment of tuition (estimated $1,034 for instate,
$4669 for out-of-state) is based on the UNCW summer registration
schedule.
*******************************************************************
PRESENT ADDRESS:
Dr. Alina M. Szmant
Professor of Biology, and Coral Reef Research
Department of Biological Sciences
University of North Carolina at Wilmington
601 South College Road
Wilmington  NC  28403
tel:  (910)962-7574  fax:  (910)962-4066
email:  szmanta@uncwil.edu
******************************************************************
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Dec  2 06:33:11 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id GAA18067 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 2 Dec 1999 06:33:10 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id GAA10261; Thu, 2 Dec 1999 06:42:23 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma010247; Thu, 2 Dec 99 06:42:08 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 2 Dec 1999 06:38:29 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id LAA27572; Thu, 2 Dec 1999 11:24:19 GMT
Received: from mail.caribe.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id GAA27529; Thu, 2 Dec 1999 06:24:08 -0500 (EST)
Received: from [209.91.197.182] (ppp46.197dip.netdial.caribe.net [209.91.197.46])
	by mail.caribe.net (8.9.0/8.9.0) with ESMTP id HAA20415
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 2 Dec 1999 07:24:20 -0400 (AST)
Message-Id: <v03007803b46c0510daf1@[209.91.197.182]>
In-Reply-To: <19991121035446.97964.qmail@hotmail.com>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Date: Thu, 2 Dec 1999 07:29:03 -0400
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Craig Lilyestrom <craig@caribe.net>
Subject: Re: Could bombing benefit Vieques reefs?
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Craig Lilyestrom <craig@caribe.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 776
Edwin -
>Residents of Vieques Island also suffer a 26% incidence of cancer, which is
>way higher than the average for the main island of Puerto Rico. This means
>that almost one of every three viequenses will die from cancer!!!!!  Can
>anybody has an explanation for that?
	Sorry I don't have an explanation.  I understand that studies are
being done at this time to try to determine the cause or causes of this
tragic phenomenon.  However, in truth there is a difference between being
diagnosed with cancer and dying from it.  Not all cancers are terminal, if
treated in time.  Also, in the absence of hard data on the causes, it would
be fair to say that it is premature to suggest any link to any particular
cause.  At this point, one could easily come up with a list of plausible
hypotheses, INCLUDING military activities.  I know this has little to do
with corals...  Not defending the Navy -- just the scientific method and
objectivity.
	Saludos,
--Craig
*******************************************
Craig G. Lilyestrom, Ph.D.
Chief, Marine Resources Division
Dept. of Natural & Environmental Resources
P.O. Box 9066600
San Juan, P.R. 00906-6600
(787) 724-8772 ext. 4042
(787) 723-2805 (FAX)
craig@caribe.net
*******************************************
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Dec  2 07:33:52 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id HAA18475 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 2 Dec 1999 07:33:51 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA12032; Thu, 2 Dec 1999 07:39:51 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma011995; Thu, 2 Dec 99 07:39:21 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 2 Dec 1999 07:35:15 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA27883; Thu, 2 Dec 1999 12:22:01 GMT
Message-Id: <199912021222.MAA27883@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: Sasi Nayar <scip8370@nus.edu.sg>
To: "'coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov'" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Planktonnet : A network of planktonlogists.
Date: Thu, 2 Dec 1999 17:58:20 +0800
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Sasi Nayar <scip8370@nus.edu.sg>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 777
Dear all,
After a grand regional workshop on plankton ecology at Phuket, Thailand,
we felt a need to create a discussion list for plankton researchers. The
purpose of the Plankton net list-server is to provide a forum for Internet
discussions and announcements among planktonologists researching on
ecology, taxonomy, physiology, productivity and monitoring of
phytoplankton and zooplankton, in fresh, brackish and sea water throughout
the world.  The list is primarily for use by plankton researchers and
scientists.  Currently, about 40 researchers are subscribed to the list.
Appropriate subjects for discussion might include:
>Primary and secondary production
>Toxic algal blooms
>Taxonomy
>Pollution and plankton dynamics
>Announcements of college courses, workshops, symposias, etc
>Research funding agencies of interest to planktonologists
>Recent  reports on plankton  research
>Publications
>Modeling approaches and others
To Post a message, send it to:
planktonnet@eGroups.com
To Unsubscribe, send a blank message to:
planktonnet-unsubscribe@eGroups.com
Archives: http://www.egroups.com/group/planktonnet/
	If you have any problems concerning the list, please feel free to
drop a line to:  scip8370@nus.edu.sg I apologise if there has been any
cross posting.
	We hope you enjoy the list!
Sincerely yours,
Sasi
Mr.Sasi Nayar
*****************************************
Reef Ecology Laboratory
Department of Biological Sciences
National University of Singapore
10 Kent Ridge Crescent
SINGAPORE 119 260
Tel : (+65) 778 7112
Fax : (+65) 779 6155
URL : http://www.dbs.nus.edu.sg/reef/web/websasi.html
         http://www.qrz.com/callsign.html?callsign=vu3snm
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------
Save mangroves, save biodiversity.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Dec  2 18:52:39 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id SAA04153 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 2 Dec 1999 18:52:39 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA22014; Thu, 2 Dec 1999 18:58:40 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma021994; Thu, 2 Dec 99 18:58:11 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 2 Dec 1999 18:53:35 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id XAA32923; Thu, 2 Dec 1999 23:39:22 GMT
Received: from hotmail.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id SAA32814; Thu, 2 Dec 1999 18:39:15 -0500 (EST)
Received: (qmail 39605 invoked by uid 0); 2 Dec 1999 23:39:16 -0000
Message-Id: <19991202233916.39604.qmail@hotmail.com>
Received: from 136.145.188.132 by www.hotmail.com with HTTP;
	Thu, 02 Dec 1999 15:39:15 PST
X-Originating-IP: [136.145.188.132]
From: "Edwin Hernandez-Delgado" <coral_giac@hotmail.com>
To: craig@caribe.net, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov,
        eco-isla@earthsystems.org
Subject: On the role of the DNER regarding Vieques
Date: Thu, 02 Dec 1999 15:39:15 PST
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Edwin Hernandez-Delgado" <coral_giac@hotmail.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 778
Craig
It has been nearly 8 months since the last bomb was thrown in Vieques
Island. The official position of the government of Puerto Rico, since then,
has been to stop bombing and that the U.S. Navy should leave Vieques as soon
as possible.
Excuse me, but I disagree with you. Why don't you go and talk about the
scientific method and objectivity to the cancer-diagnosed viequenses?  Many
rare types of cancer keep showing up in a lot of people there.  This is not
a random natural phenomenon.
But, following a precautionary principle, the U.S. Navy is the most serious
environmental threat and the major generator of toxic and carcinogenic
pollutants in Vieques. Let's stop the major source of threats until all
studies are finished and conclusions are drawn. Damage is already done and
we might probably keep looking at the long-term results of that during the
next decades.
But, many people in the scientific community still have a lot of questions.
Why does the Marine Resources Division of the P.R. Department of Natural and
Environmental Resources (DNER) has never done anything to quantitatively
document damage in those coral reefs? The DNER has plenty of trained
personnel, as does the University of Puerto Rico.  Also, the DNER has
received a lot of money through the International Coral Reef Initiative.
Where's that money going to? To pay the high salaries of a private
consultant? What is the DNER plan to protect those coral reefs after the
Navy is gone?  Is the DNER working out a management plan? Not to my
knowledge.
It's being time to come up with a major effort and do our job.  Many of us
in the scientific community in Puerto Rico are willing to go there and help
the DNER to carry out a multi-disciplinary study of the Vieques Island's
coral reefs.  Can you take that initiative?
Edwin
Edwin A. Hernandez-Delgado
Investigador Asociado
Universidad de Puerto Rico
Departamento de Biologia
Grupo de Investigacion en Arrecifes de Coral
P.O. Box 23360
San Juan, Puerto Rico 00931-3360
Tel. (787) 764-0000, x-4855
Fax  (787) 764-2610
e-mail: coral_giac@hotmail.com
        diploria@coqui.net
******************************************
______________________________________________________
Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Dec  2 19:06:50 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id TAA04308 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 2 Dec 1999 19:06:49 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA22440; Thu, 2 Dec 1999 19:16:02 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma022422; Thu, 2 Dec 99 19:15:36 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 2 Dec 1999 19:12:07 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id AAA32164; Fri, 3 Dec 1999 00:03:05 GMT
Received: from pearl.aims.gov.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id TAA32877; Thu, 2 Dec 1999 19:02:51 -0500 (EST)
Received: from cw2 ([138.7.37.164])
	by pearl.aims.gov.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id KAA09192
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 3 Dec 1999 10:02:48 +1000 (EST)
Message-Id: <3.0.5.32.19991203100146.00ade7c0@email.aims.gov.au>
X-Sender: dfenner@email.aims.gov.au
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0.5 (32)
Date: Fri, 03 Dec 1999 10:01:46
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Doug Fenner <d.fenner@aims.gov.au>
Subject: Vieques reefs- positive suggestions
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Doug Fenner <d.fenner@aims.gov.au>
Status: RO
X-Status: A
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 779
Some positive suggestions for Vieques, that may apply to other locations as
well:
1.  I think that we all are agreed that bombing reefs or island ecologies
does not improve them- they do in fact damage them (pretty severely where
the bomb drops, no doubt about it).  And it is something that reefs have
not evolved to cope with, as they have with hurricanes.  The original
petition was asking for a cessation of active bombing of Vieques, which
will undoubtedly help the reefs as well as land ecology and local
residents.  Some of the discussion has been about what to do after the
bombs stop falling.  I suggested that leaving it an inactive military base
might preserve the reef better than allowing unlimited development.
Well-planned and regulated development may be able to preserve the reef and
be better for local inhabitants as well, but unbridled development may be
worse for all involved, possibly even worse for the reef than continued
active bombing of the island and presumably collateral (accidental) bomb
damage to reefs (seems unlikely the Navy is deliberately targeting the
reefs- they just happen to be nearby and get hit from time to time).
Ideas for after the military leaves:
2.  No-extraction reserves can significantly increase fishing yields in
other nearby areas.  Increased fish abundances may produce spillover of
fish into nearby fished areas.  Larger adult sizes allows greatly increased
reproductive effort that may seed large areas of surrounding or downstream
fishing areas.  In effect, reserves are natural fish farms, which also
preserve pieces of the environment.   Apo Island, Philippines is an
outstanding example.  So successful is the reserve system in that part of
the Philippines, that villages ask to have reserves set up near them!
3.  Consultation of all stakeholders is a must.  Dictatorial edicts of
central government agencies, including military, that do not involve
consultation with local residents builds animosity and may make the project
more difficult or even impossible to implement.  Besides, it's just plain
not democratic.  Persuasion, by the facts and good arguments is the tool of
choice (not force), and it can (and probably should) go both ways- all
parties need to listen as well as make their cases.  Sham consultations
after the decision has been made will not do the job.  Decisions and the
process leading to them, must be transparent, i.e., public record.
Absolute consensus of all stakeholder parties is often not possible.  If
the process is perceived to be open and fair, those whose views are not
followed will be less likely to be resentful and seek ways to sabotage the
adopted plan.  As those doing environmental impact assessments say, if you
consult and work with all parties, especially environmental groups and
those potentially opposed, from the beginning of planning, you can almost
always avoid the very expensive and difficult conflicts and suits in the
late stages of a project.  Consulting all the parties is just plain smart
and in your own interest.
4.  No-extraction reserves can be used for sustainable, non-destructive
uses that provide much more economic benefit to the local community than
fishing.  Dive tourism can be carried out on an amazingly large scale with
surprisingly little effect on reefs.  And the economic payoff can be huge-
at $50 or so per dive, a moderate size operation can bring in a million
dollars in just a couple years.  Divers are attracted much more by large
fish, and repelled by a lack of fish.  Dead, a big fish is worth a few
dollars in most markets.  Alive, it's made of solid gold, and can keep
pulling the income in year after year.  And diving employs quite a few
people- divemasters, instructors, boat captains and crews, plus all the
hotel workers, restaurant, curio shop, transportation, etc.
    A prime example- Cozumel, Mexico, one of the 3 biggest hard
currency-earning resort areas in the whole of Mexico.  With a town of
60,000+ people living primarily off of divers and the cascading effect of
all the services they purchase.  With an average of 2000 dives per day, 364
days a year, the roughly 10 miles of reef that draws the divers receives so
little damage from divers that the reef continued to recover from the mild
effects of Hurricane Gilbert even when diving had returned to 2000 dives
per day.  The coral looks great, and the reefs swarm with fish, including
big ones like 4 foot long groupers.  And the whole dive industry and reef
protection there grew out of the divers liking what they saw, and the
fishermen finding out they could make a lot more money taking divers out
than fishing.  The reef protection was very much a local initiative.
   The beauty is that a reserve can both serve to boost local fisheries in
areas outside the reserve, and provide the basis for a thriving diving
industry.  Both fishermen and dive operators benefit, and need not be in
conflict.  And the reef benefits.
   If diving is not properly managed, it too can be destructive.  There are
published reports of damage from divers in the Red Sea.  And to be
realistic, diving will always cause some damage, but it can be really quite
minor damage compared to other alternative uses of reefs.  And it's
probably a practical reality that most reefs will have use of some kind or
other by humans- we are lucky if we get any choice about which kind of use
that is.  The best we can do is to minimize damage, hopefully well below
the level the reef can recover from.
5. Human population centers, certainly including the tourist
accommodations, are best located away from or downstream from reefs.  Human
populations living close to reefs usually have deleterious effects on those
reefs.  The closer the people are and the larger their number, the more
strictly all sorts of things must be controlled to protect the reef.  Land
clearing, construction, and runoff and sewage disposal are big ones, but
there are probably others, such as gray water disposal, fertilizers &
pesticides used on fields, gardens, and ornamental plants, etc.  Example:
reefs near the population of Curacao are degraded, while those a few
kilometers away upstream are in good shape.
6.  All-inclusive luxury resorts are no help to the local community.
Small-scale, locally owned operations are.  Most large luxury resorts have
outside owners.  Patrons pay the owners through their travel agent, and
very little of the money ever gets to the local community the resort is
located in.  The patrons often don't leave the premises for meals or other
services.  This system fosters a class system with a huge gap between
wealthy visitors and poor residents, that does not foster understanding or
tolerance, and may even encourage abuse.  Small, locally owned facilities
ensure that the income goes into the local community, more local people are
employed and benefit, the society has less economic gap between visitors
and locals, and the closer contact fosters more understanding and
tolerance, maybe even enjoying learning a little bit about another culture.
-Doug
Douglas Fenner, Ph.D.
Coral Biodiversity/Taxonomist
Australian Institute of Marine Science
PMB No 3
Townsville MC
Queensland 4810
Australia
phone 07 4753 4334
e-mail: d.fenner@aims.gov.au
web: http://www.aims.gov.au
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Dec  3 09:54:48 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA13074 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 3 Dec 1999 09:54:47 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA25301; Fri, 3 Dec 1999 10:04:01 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma025270; Fri, 3 Dec 99 10:03:47 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 3 Dec 1999 09:58:28 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA37492; Fri, 3 Dec 1999 14:49:46 GMT
Received: from avocet.prod.itd.earthlink.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id JAA36413; Fri, 3 Dec 1999 09:49:40 -0500 (EST)
Received: from 38.30.141.75 (ipa75.miami15.fl.pub-ip.psi.net [38.30.141.75])
	by avocet.prod.itd.earthlink.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id GAA02781
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 3 Dec 1999 06:49:34 -0800 (PST)
Message-Id: <384791E9.989@earthlink.net>
Date: Fri, 03 Dec 1999 09:48:25 +0000
From: Alexander Stone <reefkeeper@earthlink.net>
Organization: ReefKeeper International
X-Mailer: Mozilla 2.0 (Macintosh; U; 68K)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: ReefKeeper Intl on Vieques Bombing
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Alexander Stone <reefkeeper@earthlink.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 780
DEAR CORAL LISTERS:
BELOW IS REEFKEEPER INTERNATIONAL'S REQUEST TO PRESIDENT CLINTON FOR A
PERMANENT HALT TO LIVE BOMBING AT VIEQUES.  LET'S ALL KEEP THE PRESSURE
UP!
ALEXANDER STONE
REEFKEEPER INTERNATIONAL
------------------------
December 3, 1999
President William J. Clinton
The White House
1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20500
Re: Navy Bombing at Vieques, Puerto Rico
Dear President Clinton:
	ReefKeeper International urges you to permanently eliminate the
live-fire bombing occurring on the coral reefs off Vieques Island,
Puerto Rico.  ReefKeeper International, a non-profit conservation
organization with members in the United States, including Puerto Rico,
and abroad, has been working for over 10 years to protect coral reefs
throughout the world.
Importance of Vieques Island's Marine Environment
	The marine waters surrounding Vieques Island are home to some of the
most extraordinary ecosystems in the world.  Of the seven bioluminescent
bays in the world, three are at Vieques Island.  The coral reefs off
Vieques Island where bomb craters are not present are among the
healthiest and most diverse in the U.S. Caribbean.  Endangered species
such as manatees, brown pelicans and four species of sea turtles (green,
hawksbill, leatherback, and loggerhead) rely on the marine environment
of Vieques Island.
The Threat to Vieques' Coral Reefs
	The Navy has used the marine waters off Vieques Island, including the
fragile coral reefs, for live-fire practice.  The dropping and
subsequent explosions of heavy ordinance has already resulted in
significant harm to the marine environment.
	Craters in the coral reef measuring 25 meters wide and 5 meters deep
have been reported (Hernandez-Delgado, 1999).  Huge coral heads are
cracked or pulverized and large numbers of fish are killed in a matter
of seconds when a bomb is dropped.  In Sri Lanka, smaller blasting by
dynamite has been reported to not only directly damage the blast area
but keep larger fish such as groupers away from reefs as far as 1.5 km
away from the blast site (Weerakkody, 1999).  This adverse impact on
reef fish populations from just a small blast must be significantly
larger in the area of Vieques Island, where the blasting occurs on a
much larger scale.
	Unexploded ordinances remain around the island, posing a danger not
only to fishers and divers but to the marine life inhabiting the area.
The precious coral reefs off Vieques Island literally resemble a war
zone.
1983 Memorandum of Understanding
	In 1983, the Government of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Navy entered into a
Memorandum of Understanding in which it agreed that the U.S. Navy would
stop targeting and shelling offshore coral reefs.  In complete violation
of that memorandum, the U.S. Navy has continued these practices and
caused further destruction to the marine ecosystem.
Endangered Species Act Violations
	The Endangered Species Act requires federal agencies to:
 	"ensure that any action authorized, funded, or carried out by such
agency ... . .  is not likely to jeopardize the continued existence of
any endangered species or threatened species or result in the
destruction or adverse modification of [critical] habitat."
The continued bombing of coral reefs off Vieques Island clearly fails to
protect endangered manatees, pelicans, and sea turtles.  The U.S. Navy
has even failed to determine the impact of its actions on endangered or
threatened species, as required pursuant by Section 7.0 of the
Endangered Species Act.
E.O. 13089 - Your Clear Obligation to Act
	Executive Order 13089, signed by your hand on June 11, 1998, states in
Section 2 :
	"All Federal agencies whose actions may affect U.S. coral reef
ecosystems shall: ... (b) utilize their programs and authorities to
protect and enhance the conditions of such ecosystems; and (c) to the
extent permitted by law, ensure that any actions they authorize, fund,
or carry out will not degrade the conditions of such ecosystems."
(emphasis added)
The continued bombing of the coral reefs off Vieques clearly violate the
language and intent of your Executive Order.
	ReefKeeper International respectfully requests that you immediately ban
any further live fire bombing of the coral reefs off Vieques Islands to
protect these valuable marine assets.  Thank you for your consideration,
and anticipated support, of our request.
Sincerely,
Alexander Stone
Director
Citations
Hernandez-Delgado, Edwin A. Research Associate, University of Puerto
Rico.  Posting to coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, November 29, 1999.
Weerakkody, Prasanna, Nature Conservation Group (Natcog), Sri Lanka.
Posting to coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, November 29, 1999.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Dec  3 11:08:58 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA15683 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 3 Dec 1999 11:08:57 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA07342; Fri, 3 Dec 1999 11:18:11 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma007272; Fri, 3 Dec 99 11:18:03 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 3 Dec 1999 11:13:10 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA38209; Fri, 3 Dec 1999 16:08:03 GMT
Received: from bali.cetiis.fr by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA37924; Fri, 3 Dec 1999 11:07:44 -0500 (EST)
Received: from nomade.cetiis.fr (nomade.cetiis.fr [213.56.91.32])
          by bali.cetiis.fr (8.9.1/jtpda-5.3.2) with SMTP id RAA08776
          for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 3 Dec 1999 17:01:55 GMT
From: "vincent salbert" <salbert@cetiis.fr>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Bay Islands Honduras
Date: Fri, 3 Dec 1999 17:03:13 +0100
Message-Id: <01bf3da7$e7104860$205b38d5@nomade.cetiis.fr>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_00F9_01BF3DB0.48DDD820"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.71.1712.3
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.71.1712.3
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "vincent salbert" <salbert@cetiis.fr>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 781
Message en plusieurs parties et au format MIME.
------=_NextPart_000_00F9_01BF3DB0.48DDD820
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Madam, Sir,=20
=20
I'm presently working on an environmental plan of the Bay Islands and =
I'm searching
for marine references on the Honduras Gulf and the Bay Islands =
(currents, corals,
nutrients, tourism). If you have references or if you know where I can =
find data, could
you please give me the relevant information ?
Best regards,
=20
Vincent Salbert
SAFEGE CETIIS
Bat D Aix M=E9tropole
30 Av. Malacrida
13100 Aix en Provence France
Tel : +33 (0)4 42 93 65 26
Fax : +33 (0)4 42 26 52 19
E.mail : salbert@cetiis.fr
------=_NextPart_000_00F9_01BF3DB0.48DDD820
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META content=3Dtext/html;charset=3Diso-8859-1 =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type><!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 =
HTML//EN">
<META content=3D'"MSHTML 4.71.1712.3"' name=3DGENERATOR>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#c0c0c0>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Madam, Sir, </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 face=3DArial size=3D2>I'm presently working =
on an=20
environmental plan of the Bay Islands and I'm searching</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 face=3DArial size=3D2>for marine references =
on the Honduras=20
Gulf and the Bay Islands (currents, corals,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 face=3DArial size=3D2>nutrients, tourism). If =
you have=20
references or if you know where I can find data, could</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 face=3DArial size=3D2>you please give me the =
relevant=20
information ?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT><FONT =
face=3DArial size=3D2>Best=20
regards,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 face=3DArial size=3D2>Vincent =
Salbert</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 face=3DArial size=3D2>SAFEGE =
CETIIS</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 face=3DArial size=3D2>Bat D Aix=20
M&eacute;tropole</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 face=3DArial size=3D2>30 Av. =
Malacrida</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 face=3DArial size=3D2>13100 Aix en Provence =
</FONT><FONT=20
color=3D#000000 face=3DArial size=3D2>France</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Tel : +33 (0)4 42 93 65 26</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Fax : +33 (0)4 42 26 52 19</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 face=3DArial size=3D2>E.mail : <A=20
href=3D"mailto:salbert@cetiis.fr">salbert@cetiis.fr</A></FONT></DIV></BOD=
Y></HTML>
------=_NextPart_000_00F9_01BF3DB0.48DDD820--
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Dec  3 15:35:11 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA24233 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 3 Dec 1999 15:35:10 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA11657; Fri, 3 Dec 1999 15:44:24 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma011586; Fri, 3 Dec 99 15:43:33 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 3 Dec 1999 15:39:55 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA38778; Fri, 3 Dec 1999 20:33:32 GMT
Message-Id: <199912032033.UAA38778@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Fri, 03 Dec 1999 15:17:26 -0500 (EST)
From: Walt Jaap STP <Walt.Jaap@dep.state.fl.us>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Bay Islands Honduras
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Walt Jaap STP <Walt.Jaap@dep.state.fl.us>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 782
You shoould check out:
Plan de Control Ambiental para la Isla de Roatan.  1983. Sir William Halcrow
and Partners and  Consultecnia. London and Tegucegalpe.  There are two reef
surveys in the document.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Dec  3 20:10:11 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id UAA28742 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 3 Dec 1999 20:10:10 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA29889; Fri, 3 Dec 1999 20:16:11 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma029872; Fri, 3 Dec 99 20:15:51 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 3 Dec 1999 20:12:12 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id BAA41344; Sat, 4 Dec 1999 01:03:47 GMT
Received: from mail.caribe.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id UAA40983; Fri, 3 Dec 1999 20:03:36 -0500 (EST)
Received: from default (ppp193.206.105.98dip.netdial.caribe.net [206.105.98.193])
	by mail.caribe.net (8.9.0/8.9.0) with SMTP id VAA03565
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 3 Dec 1999 21:03:44 -0400 (AST)
Message-Id: <000201bf3df2$64778e40$c16269ce@default>
From: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
To: "Coral-List" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Vieques - Sustainable Future
Date: Fri, 3 Dec 1999 20:54:27 -0400
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0005_01BF3DD0.96FB3280"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2314.1300
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 783
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_0005_01BF3DD0.96FB3280
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
We have been off island and returned to a discussion regarding Vieques. =
People have expressed concerns about what will happen to Vieques after =
the Navy leaves. Some have even suggested that the U.S. Navy is =
conserving Vieques'=20
natural resources from the development juggernaut.=20
While most of us find it hard enough to maintain some level of =
objectivity in discussions about nutrients, Edwin Hernandez, a Puerto =
Rican marine biologist, made some well defended points to this list on =
the Vieques issue. Edwin and his coral reef research team spend many =
hours underwater monitoring coral reefs in Culebra and Fajardo while =
listening.. and feeling... the underwater blasts of reefs being =
destroyed near Vieques -- those sounds which one U.S. Senator so =
cavalierly (and ironically) described as "The Sounds of Freedom."=20
A civilian is dead and four others injured. For us, and for the people =
of Puerto Rico, it is too late for more Navy promises. We hope that the =
events soon to follow with those individuals camping in an act of civil =
disobedience on the target range do not result in further loss of life.=20
Currently President Clinton is in the process of deciding one =
thing....is it in the interest of National Security to continue bombing =
the island of Vieques...with either live and/or inert ordnance? To our =
knowledge, all of Clinton's National Security advisors are either =
retired or current military personnel.=20
The Navy is not managing a Nature Reserve on Vieques by any stretch of =
the imagination.=20
What the U.S. Navy is doing to this fragile and biologically diverse =
tropical ecosystem, as well as the poor community inhabiting the island, =
is far from sustainable in terms of natural resources, or ethical in =
terms of human rights. If this island is so crucial to National =
Security, as the Navy once similarly claimed of Culebra, why did the =
Navy so carelessly violate its Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with =
the people of Puerto Rico? Dr. James Porter of the University of Georgia =
recently surveyed coral reefs in the target area on Vieques on behalf of =
the government of Puerto Rico. In a letter dated August 27, 1999 to =
Bruce Babbitt, Secretary of Interior, Dr. Porter wrote the following:=20
"We found substantial evidence that military activity on Vieques is =
contributing to the degradation of the island's coral reefs. To make =
matters worse, we also found physical evidence that the Navy has not =
lived up to its 1983 Memorandum of Understanding not to target or shell =
offshore coral reefs. Despite signing this MOU, the Navy is in fact =
still targeting objects positioned on the reef, and believe me, we saw =
and documented clear signs of coral reef destruction from this =
bombardment."=20
We have possibly contributed to the confusion regarding sustainable =
development issues springing up on this topic. For years we have been =
expressing concerns to both Reef Relief and to CMC regarding Puerto =
Rico's construction driven economy and government incentives which =
propel what I would describe as rampant and reckless development. Many =
scientists on this list have been to Puerto Rico and witnessed the =
impacts to our reefs from such non-sustainable practice first hand. Our =
sediment clogged rivers and decimated reef systems surrounding the big =
island are a testament to the ineffective job local government and =
indeed organizations like ours are doing to conserve our coastal =
resources.  Local non-government environmental groups in Puerto Rico are =
admittedly spread very thin. The government of Puerto Rico passes new =
laws whose objetive is to exclude meaningful public participation and =
most recently the need to submit an EIS for developments which are "fast =
tracked" through government offices. We are at constant odds with local =
and federal government agencies involved in resource conservation, as =
our mission is strictly one of conservation and their motives often seem =
less clearly definable.=20
It is of no surprise conservation orgs have not been effective when the =
only course of action at both the local and federal government levels is =
to go to court to get government agencies to enforce their own =
environmental laws.=20
It is also significant that we are united with our local government on =
this one issue - to stop the bombing of Vieques.=20
As Edwin Hernandez mentioned, there is a multi-disciplinary group of =
local scientists, engineers and professors now drafting management plans =
WITH THE LOCAL COMMUNITY of Vieques, to address toxic clean up, =
conservation management planning and limited sustainable development - =
if the Navy leaves. This team represents real planning talent with the =
interest of both the people of Puerto Rico and of conserving their =
natural heritage. What is of concern is that there are no guarantees =
this panel's recommendations will be considered or implemented by local =
government.=20
This, however, in no way influences our conviction that the Navy must =
stop bombing Vieques.=20
Puerto Rico is not the only place where greed and short sighted planning =
has resulted in the destruction of coral reefs or other diverse =
ecosystems. =20
Puerto Rico is the only place where intense evaluation of weapons =
systems for the U.S. Navy and NATO forces is conducted and concentrated =
in diverse tropical ecosystems on a small island with over 9,000 =
inhabitants. =20
We encourage others involved in coral reef conservation issues to fax =
President Clinton, if you have not already taken action. We live and =
work in Puerto Rico and recognize this as the first important step =
toward the community of Vieques achieving their conservation objectives =
on the biologically diverse, tropical island of Vieques. Let the =
President know we simply do not have the luxury, if we ever had, of =
targeting fragile ecosystem with either live or inert ordnance.=20
Sincerely,=20
Mary Ann Lucking
Project Coordinator
CORALations=20
PMB 222
5900 Isla Verde Ave. L2
Carolina, PR  00979-4901
corals@caribe.net
------=_NextPart_000_0005_01BF3DD0.96FB3280
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D"MSHTML 5.00.2314.1000" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>We have been off island and returned to =
a=20
discussion regarding Vieques. People have expressed&nbsp;concerns about =
what=20
will happen to Vieques after the Navy leaves. Some have even suggested =
that the=20
U.S. Navy is conserving Vieques' </FONT>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>natural resources from the development =
juggernaut.=20
</FONT></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<P><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>While m<FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>ost of =
us find it hard=20
enough to maintain some level of objectivity in discussions about=20
nutrients,&nbsp;</FONT>Edwin Hernandez, a Puerto Rican marine biologist, =
made=20
some well defended points to this&nbsp;list on the Vieques issue. =
</FONT><FONT=20
face=3DArial size=3D2>Edwin and his coral reef research team&nbsp;spend =
many hours=20
underwater monitoring coral reefs in Culebra and Fajardo while =
listening.. and=20
feeling... the underwater blasts of reefs being destroyed near Vieques =
-- those=20
sounds which one U.S. Senator so cavalierly (and ironically) described =
as "The=20
Sounds of Freedom." </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>A civilian is dead and four others =
injured. For us,=20
and for the&nbsp;people of Puerto Rico, it is too late for more Navy =
promises.=20
We hope that the events soon to follow with those individuals camping in =
an act=20
of civil disobedience on the target range do not result in further loss =
of life.=20
</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Currently President Clinton is in the =
process of=20
deciding one thing....is it in the interest of National Security to =
continue=20
bombing the island of Vieques...with either live and/or inert ordnance? =
To our=20
knowledge, all of Clinton's National Security advisors are either =
retired or=20
current military personnel. </FONT></P><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>
<P>The Navy is not managing a Nature Reserve on Vieques by any stretch =
of the=20
imagination. </P></FONT>
<P><FONT size=3D2><FONT face=3DArial>What the U.S. Navy is doing to this =
fragile and=20
biologically diverse tropical ecosystem, as well as the poor community=20
inhabiting the island, is far from sustainable in terms of natural =
resources, or=20
ethical in terms of human rights. If this island is so crucial to =
National=20
Security, as the Navy once similarly claimed of Culebra, why did the =
Navy so=20
carelessly violate its Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with the people =
of=20
Puerto Rico? Dr. James Porter of the University of Georgia recently =
surveyed=20
coral reefs in the target area on Vieques on behalf of&nbsp;the =
government of=20
Puerto Rico. In a letter dated August 27, 1999 to Bruce Babbitt, =
Secretary of=20
Interior, Dr. Porter wrote the following: </FONT></P></FONT>
<P><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>"We found substantial evidence that =
military activity=20
on Vieques is contributing to the degradation of the island's coral =
reefs. To=20
make matters worse, we also found physical evidence that the Navy has =
not lived=20
up to its 1983 Memorandum of Understanding not to target or shell =
offshore coral=20
reefs. Despite signing this MOU, the Navy is in fact still targeting =
objects=20
positioned on the reef, and believe me, we saw and documented clear =
signs of=20
coral reef destruction from this bombardment." </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>We have possibly contributed to the =
confusion=20
regarding sustainable development issues springing up on this topic. For =
years=20
we have been expressing concerns to both Reef Relief and to CMC =
regarding Puerto=20
Rico's construction driven economy and government incentives which =
propel what I=20
would describe as rampant and reckless development. Many scientists on =
this list=20
have been to Puerto Rico and witnessed the impacts to our reefs from =
such=20
non-sustainable practice first hand. Our sediment clogged rivers and =
decimated=20
reef systems surrounding the big island are a testament to the =
ineffective job=20
local government and indeed organizations like ours are doing to =
conserve our=20
coastal resources.&nbsp; Local non-government environmental groups in =
Puerto=20
Rico are admittedly spread very thin. The government of Puerto Rico =
passes new=20
laws whose objetive is to&nbsp;exclude meaningful public participation =
and most=20
recently&nbsp;the need to&nbsp;submit an EIS for developments which=20
are&nbsp;"fast tracked" through government offices. We are at constant =
odds with=20
local and federal government agencies involved in resource conservation, =
as our=20
mission is strictly one of conservation and their motives often seem =
less=20
clearly definable. </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>It is of no surprise conservation orgs =
have not been=20
effective when the only course of action at both the local and federal=20
government levels is to go to court to get government agencies to =
enforce their=20
own environmental laws. </FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=3D2><FONT face=3DArial>It is also significant that we are =
united with=20
our local government on this one issue - to stop the bombing of Vieques. =
</FONT></P></FONT>
<P><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>As Edwin Hernandez mentioned, there is a=20
multi-disciplinary group of local scientists, engineers and professors =
now=20
drafting management plans WITH THE LOCAL COMMUNITY of Vieques, to =
address toxic=20
clean up, conservation management planning and limited sustainable =
development -=20
if the Navy leaves. This team represents real planning talent with the =
interest=20
of both the people of Puerto Rico and of conserving their natural =
heritage. What=20
is of concern is that there are no guarantees this panel's =
recommendations will=20
be considered or implemented by local government. </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>This, however, in no way influences our =
conviction=20
that the Navy must stop bombing Vieques. </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Puerto Rico is not the only place where =
greed and=20
short sighted planning has resulted in&nbsp;the destruction =
of&nbsp;coral reefs=20
or other diverse&nbsp;ecosystems.&nbsp; </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Puerto Rico is&nbsp;the only place where =
intense=20
evaluation of weapons systems for the U.S. Navy and NATO forces is =
conducted and=20
concentrated in diverse tropical ecosystems on a small island with over =
9,000=20
inhabitants.&nbsp; </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>We encourage others involved in coral =
reef=20
conservation issues to fax President Clinton, if you have not already =
taken=20
action. We live and work in Puerto Rico and recognize this as the first=20
important step toward the community of Vieques achieving their =
conservation=20
objectives on the biologically diverse, tropical island of Vieques. Let =
the=20
President know we simply do not have the luxury, if we ever had, of =
targeting=20
fragile ecosystem with either live or inert ordnance. </FONT></P></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Sincerely, </FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Mary Ann Lucking</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Project Coordinator</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>CORALations </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>PMB 222</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>5900 Isla Verde Ave. L2</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Carolina, PR&nbsp; =
00979-4901</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><A=20
href=3D"mailto:corals@caribe.net">corals@caribe.net</A></FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_000_0005_01BF3DD0.96FB3280--
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Dec  4 10:46:41 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id KAA01886 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 4 Dec 1999 10:46:41 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA22847; Sat, 4 Dec 1999 10:55:56 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma022834; Sat, 4 Dec 99 10:55:54 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 4 Dec 1999 10:51:47 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA45607; Sat, 4 Dec 1999 15:30:11 GMT
Received: from mail.caribe.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA45656; Sat, 4 Dec 1999 10:30:01 -0500 (EST)
Received: from default (ppp21.197dip.netdial.caribe.net [209.91.197.21])
	by mail.caribe.net (8.9.0/8.9.0) with SMTP id LAA00166
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 4 Dec 1999 11:30:12 -0400 (AST)
Message-Id: <003101bf3e6b$6e5748a0$15c55bd1@default>
From: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
To: "Coral-List" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Fw: Clinton's Vieques Statement
Date: Sat, 4 Dec 1999 11:22:46 -0400
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/mixed;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_002D_01BF3E49.E3FE6CE0"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2314.1300
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 784
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_002D_01BF3E49.E3FE6CE0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_001_002E_01BF3E49.E40794A0"
------=_NextPart_001_002E_01BF3E49.E40794A0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Attached is the Text of President Clinton's statement Friday on U.S. =
military training on Vieques.=20
------=_NextPart_001_002E_01BF3E49.E40794A0
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D"MSHTML 5.00.2314.1000" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Attached is the Text =
of President=20
Clinton's statement Friday on U.S. military training on Vieques.=20
</FONT></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_001_002E_01BF3E49.E40794A0--
------=_NextPart_000_002D_01BF3E49.E3FE6CE0
Content-Type: text/html;
	name="Text of Clinton's Vieques Statement.htm"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename="Text of Clinton's Vieques Statement.htm"
<BASE =
HREF=3D"http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/aponline/19991203/aponline16=
5856_000.htm">=0A=
<html>=0A=
<head>=0A=
<META NAME=3D"story_name" CONTENT=3D"V0715">=0A=
<META NAME=3D"document_name" CONTENT=3D"V0715">=0A=
<META NAME=3D"public" CONTENT=3D"19991203215916">=0A=
<META NAME=3D"pub_date" CONTENT=3D"19991203">=0A=
<META NAME=3D"recv_time" CONTENT=3D"19991203165856">=0A=
<META NAME=3D"source" CONTENT=3D"APOnline">=0A=
<META NAME=3D"story_type" CONTENT=3D"International">=0A=
<META NAME=3D"wire_name" CONTENT=3D"APOnline">=0A=
<META NAME=3D"keywords" CONTENT=3D"">=0A=
<META NAME=3D"companies" CONTENT=3D"">=0A=
<META NAME=3D"story_number" CONTENT=3D"0715">=0A=
<META NAME=3D"selector_code" CONTENT=3D"-----">=0A=
<META NAME=3D"priority" CONTENT=3D"r">=0A=
<META NAME=3D"category" CONTENT=3D"i">=0A=
<META NAME=3D"format_identifier" CONTENT=3D"DC3 DC1">=0A=
<META NAME=3D"keyword" CONTENT=3D"AP-Clinton-Puerto-">=0A=
<META NAME=3D"version" CONTENT=3D"">=0A=
<META NAME=3D"reference" CONTENT=3D"">=0A=
<META NAME=3D"sel_code_num" CONTENT=3D"1102">=0A=
<META NAME=3D"slugline" CONTENT=3D"AP-Clinton-Puerto-Rico">=0A=
<META NAME=3D"word_count" CONTENT=3D"720">=0A=
<META NAME=3D"hit_disp_date" CONTENT=3D"Dec. 3">=0A=
<META NAME=3D"hit_disp_time" CONTENT=3D"4:58 p.m.">=0A=
<META NAME=3D"content_type" CONTENT=3D"text">=0A=
<META NAME=3D"embargo_date" CONTENT=3D"19991203">=0A=
<META NAME=3D"create_date" CONTENT=3D"19991203">=0A=
<META NAME=3D"event_date" CONTENT=3D"19991203">=0A=
<META NAME=3D"kill_date" CONTENT=3D"19991203">=0A=
=0A=
<!--plsfield:title-->=0A=
<TITLE>Text of Clinton's Vieques Statement</TITLE>=0A=
</HEAD>=0A=
<BODY =
background=3D"http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/globalnav/images/news_=
bg.gif" bgcolor=3D"#ffffff" link=3D"#333399" alink=3D"#9999CC" =
vlink=3D"#6666CC">=0A=
<A name=3D"TOP"></a>=0A=
<table width=3D"590" border=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0">=0A=
<tr>=0A=
        <td valign=3D"bottom" align=3D"left" width=3D"116"><A =
href=3D"http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/maps/artbanner.map"><IMG =
src=3D"/wp-srv/globalnav/images/panicbttns.gif" width=3D"116" =
height=3D"65" border=3D"0" alt=3D"The Washington Post" ismap></a></td>=0A=
        <td width=3D"6"><IMG src=3D"/wp-srv/globalnav/images/spacer.gif" =
width=3D"6" height=3D"10" border=3D"0" alt=3D" "></td>=0A=
        <td valign=3D"top" width=3D"468">=0A=
<!-- ADVERTISEMENT CODING -->=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
<A =
href=3D"http://www.washingtonpost.com/RealMedia/ads/click_lx.ads/www.wash=
ingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/ap/inatlnews/1700/TopLeft/STP-WP-ROS-1/starpo=
wer1.html/63653633646166323337616162376330?_RM_REDIR_=3Dad.doubleclick.ne=
t/jump/N820.washingtonpost.com/B16494;sz=3D468x60;ord=3D121700?">
<IMG =
src=3D"http://ad.doubleclick.net/ad/N820.washingtonpost.com/B16494;sz=3D4=
68x60;ord=3D121700?" border=3D"0" width=3D"468" height=3D"60" =
alt=3D"Click here for Starpower Internet!"></a>=0A=
</td>=0A=
</tr>=0A=
<tr>=0A=
        <td width=3D"590" colspan=3D"3" valign=3D"top" align=3D"left"><A =
href=3D"http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/maps/global_nav.map"><IMG =
src=3D"/wp-srv/globalnav/images/global.gif" width=3D"590" height=3D"15" =
border=3D"0" alt=3D"Navigation Bar" ismap></a><br>=0A=
        <A =
href=3D"http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/maps/polnav.map"><IMG =
src=3D"/wp-srv/globalnav/images/globalnav4.gif" width=3D"590" =
height=3D"13" border=3D"0" alt=3D"Navigation Bar" ismap></a></td>=0A=
</tr>=0A=
</table>=0A=
<br clear=3D"all">=0A=
<table width=3D"590" border=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0">=0A=
<tr align=3D"left" valign=3D"top">=0A=
        <td width=3D"124">=0A=
        <table width=3D"124" cellpadding=3D"2" cellspacing=3D"0" =
border=3D"0">=0A=
        <tr>=0A=
                <td width=3D"120" bgcolor=3D"#666699" =
valign=3D"middle"><IMG src=3D"/wp-srv/globalnav/images/spacer.gif" =
width=3D"120" height=3D"1" border=3D"0" alt=3D""></td>=0A=
        </tr>=0A=
        <tr>=0A=
                <td width=3D"120" bgcolor=3D"#666699" valign=3D"middle">=0A=
<A =
HREF=3D"http://www.washingtonpost.com/RealMedia/ads/click_lx.ads/www.wash=
ingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/ap/inatlnews/32759/Middle/BONUS-WP-MGR-1/magr=
uders_120_111299.gif/63653633646166323337616162376330" =
target=3D"_top"><IMG =
SRC=3D"http://www.washingtonpost.com/RealMedia/ads/adstream_lx.ads/www.wa=
shingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/ap/inatlnews/32759/Middle/BONUS-WP-MGR-1/ma=
gruders_120_111299.gif/63653633646166323337616162376330"  WIDTH=3D120 =
HEIGHT=3D90 ALT=3D"Magruders"  border=3D0></A>=0A=
</td>=0A=
        </tr>=0A=
        </table>=0A=
<A href=3D"/wp-srv/maps/partners.map"><IMG =
src=3D"/wp-srv/globalnav/images/partners.gif" width=3D"124" =
height=3D"46" border=3D"0" vspace=3D"8" alt=3D"Partners:" ismap></a>=0A=
		<table width=3D"124" border=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0">=0A=
		<tr>=0A=
				<td width=3D"120" bgcolor=3D"#666699" valign=3D"middle"><IMG =
src=3D"/wp-srv/globalnav/images/spacer.gif" width=3D"120" height=3D"1" =
border=3D"0" alt=3D""></td>=0A=
		</tr>=0A=
		<tr>=0A=
				<td width=3D"120" bgcolor=3D"#666699" valign=3D"middle">=0A=
<A =
HREF=3D"http://www.washingtonpost.com/RealMedia/ads/click_lx.ads/www.wash=
ingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/ap/inatlnews/4188/Right1/BONUS-WP-HEC-6F/holi=
day2_120.gif/63653633646166323337616162376330" target=3D"_top"><IMG =
SRC=3D"http://www.washingtonpost.com/RealMedia/ads/adstream_lx.ads/www.wa=
shingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/ap/inatlnews/4188/Right1/BONUS-WP-HEC-6F/ho=
liday2_120.gif/63653633646166323337616162376330"  WIDTH=3D120 =
HEIGHT=3D90 ALT=3D"Hecht's"  border=3D0></A>=0A=
</td>=0A=
		</tr>=0A=
		</table>=0A=
		<table width=3D"124" cellpadding=3D"2" cellspacing=3D"0" border=3D"0">=0A=
		<tr>=0A=
				<td width=3D"120" bgcolor=3D"#666699" valign=3D"middle"><IMG =
src=3D"/wp-srv/globalnav/images/spacer.gif" width=3D"120" height=3D"1" =
border=3D"0" alt=3D""></td>=0A=
		</tr>=0A=
		<tr>=0A=
				<td width=3D"120" bgcolor=3D"#666699" valign=3D"middle">=0A=
<A =
HREF=3D"http://www.washingtonpost.com/RealMedia/ads/click_lx.ads/www.wash=
ingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/ap/inatlnews/3345/Right2/BONUS-WP-POT-1/potte=
rybarn_120.gif/63653633646166323337616162376330" target=3D"_top"><IMG =
SRC=3D"http://www.washingtonpost.com/RealMedia/ads/adstream_lx.ads/www.wa=
shingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/ap/inatlnews/3345/Right2/BONUS-WP-POT-1/pot=
terybarn_120.gif/63653633646166323337616162376330"  WIDTH=3D120 =
HEIGHT=3D90 ALT=3D"Pottery Barn Outlet"  border=3D0></A>=0A=
</td>=0A=
		</tr>=0A=
		</table>=0A=
		<table width=3D"124" cellpadding=3D"2" cellspacing=3D"0" border=3D"0">=0A=
		<tr>=0A=
				<td width=3D"120" bgcolor=3D"#666699" valign=3D"middle"><IMG =
src=3D"/wp-srv/globalnav/images/spacer.gif" width=3D"120" height=3D"1" =
border=3D"0" alt=3D""></td>=0A=
		</tr>=0A=
		<tr>=0A=
				<td width=3D"120" bgcolor=3D"#666699" valign=3D"middle">=0A=
<A =
HREF=3D"http://www.washingtonpost.com/RealMedia/ads/click_lx.ads/www.wash=
ingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/ap/inatlnews/25289/Right3/BONUS-WP-VOX-5/vox-=
wp1025smfn.gif/63653633646166323337616162376330" target=3D"_top"><IMG =
SRC=3D"http://www.washingtonpost.com/RealMedia/ads/adstream_lx.ads/www.wa=
shingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/ap/inatlnews/25289/Right3/BONUS-WP-VOX-5/vo=
x-wp1025smfn.gif/63653633646166323337616162376330"  WIDTH=3D120 =
HEIGHT=3D90 ALT=3D"www.voxcap.com"  border=3D0></A>=0A=
</td>=0A=
		</tr>=0A=
		</table></td>=0A=
=0A=
<!-- This cell creates the gutter. DO noT REMOVE. -->=0A=
=0A=
        <td width=3D"20">&nbsp; </td>=0A=
        <td width=3D"446">=0A=
=0A=
<!--plsfield:headline-->=0A=
=0A=
<font size=3D"+2"><b>=0A=
Text of Clinton's Vieques Statement=0A=
</b><p></font>=0A=
=0A=
<!--plsfield:byline-->=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
<!--plsfield:credit-->=0A=
=0A=
<font size=3D"-1">The Associated Press<br></font>=0A=
=0A=
<!--plsfield:disp_date-->=0A=
=0A=
<font size=3D"-1">Friday, Dec. 3, 1999; 4:58 p.m. EST<p></font>=0A=
=0A=
<!--plsfield:description-->=0A=
=0A=
Text of President Clinton's statement Friday on U.S. military training =
on Vieques, an island off Puerto Rico.=0A=
<p>=0A=
For several weeks, we have been working on how best to reconcile the =
imperative of providing satisfactory training for our armed forces, with =
the strong feelings of many residents of Vieques and Puerto Rico about =
the impact of training operations there. I have discussed this with the =
governor of Puerto Rico, the secretary of defense, the secretary of the =
Navy, the chief of naval operations, the commandant of the Marine Corps, =
and others.=0A=
<p>=0A=
Today, the secretary of defense has recommended a plan of action which I =
believe offers the best avenue to addressing both needs. I have accepted =
that recommendation and am directing the secretary of defense to work =
with the people of Vieques and Puerto Rico so that we can move forward =
in a cooperative manner.=0A=
<p>=0A=
I understand the longstanding concerns of residents of the island. These =
concerns cover a wide range of issues, from health and safety to the =
economy and the environment. They reflect a distrust that, =
unfortunately, has been building for decades. Those concerns must be =
addressed, and I believe our plan will do so in a constructive manner.=0A=
<p>=0A=
At the same time, as commander-in-chief, I cannot send our servicemen =
and women into harm's way if they have not been adequately trained. The =
training that our Atlantic Fleet has undertaken on Vieques since 1941 is =
important. While the Navy and the Marine Corps will develop a =
satisfactory alternative for the upcoming exercise, it will take several =
years to develop a comparable long-term replacement.=0A=
<p>=0A=
The plan I am adopting today provides for the end of training on Vieques =
within five years, unless the people of Vieques choose to continue the =
relationship; restricts training activities during the transition period =
to those required by the services; sets forth an ambitious economic =
development plan for Vieques that would be implemented during this =
transition and gives the people of Puerto Rico and the Navy an =
opportunity to discuss this plan in order for it to be understood fully =
before training resumes this spring for this transitional period.=0A=
<p>=0A=
In particular, the following steps will be undertaken:=0A=
<p>=0A=
First, the Navy and the Marine Corps will make alternative arrangements =
which they deem satisfactory for training of the Eisenhower Battle Group =
and the WASP Amphibious Ready Group, scheduled for December. While such =
arrangements can be undertaken for the Eisenhower and WASP groups, they =
do not constitute a long-term alternative to Vieques. Rather, this =
period will provide an opportunity for the people of Vieques to discuss =
this plan with the Navy and the Marine Corps and understand it fully.=0A=
<p>=0A=
Second, we will resume training next spring for a transition period, no =
longer than five years. This will enable the Navy to develop a suitable, =
long-term alternative. Training on Vieques will cease after this =
transition period unless the people of Vieques decide it should be =
continued. The Navy and the Marine Corps will develop a timetable to =
phase out operations in Vieques as soon as possible during the =
transition period, including transferring title of land to Puerto Rico =
beginning with the western quarter of the island.=0A=
<p>=0A=
Third, when training resumes for this transition period it will be =
limited to inert ordnance only -- no live fire -- unless and until the =
people of Vieques decide differently. Training will be authorized for 90 =
days a year, what we need to meet our essential training needs.=0A=
<p>=0A=
Finally, when training resumes we will implement an ambitious program =
that addresses the concerns that the community has had for so long -- =
and that has been spelled out by the secretary of defense.=0A=
<p>=0A=
I am convinced that this plan meets my essential responsibility as =
commander-in-chief to assure that our military forces are satisfactorily =
trained and ready, while at the same time addressing the legitimate =
concerns of the people of Vieques. It provides some breathing space so =
that the people on the island and the Navy and Marine Corps can proceed =
in an orderly and mutually respectful fashion.=0A=
<center>=0A=
<p>=0A=
&copy; Copyright 1999 The Associated Press=0A=
<p>=0A=
<A href=3D"#TOP">Back to the top</a>=0A=
</center>=0A=
</td>=0A=
</tr>=0A=
<tr align=3D"left" valign=3D"top">=0A=
        <td><IMG src=3D"/wp-srv/globalnav/images/spacer.gif" =
width=3D"124" height=3D"25" border=3D"0" alt=3D""></td>=0A=
        <td><IMG src=3D"/wp-srv/globalnav/images/spacer.gif" =
width=3D"20" height=3D"25" border=3D"0" alt=3D""></td>=0A=
        <td><IMG src=3D"/wp-srv/globalnav/images/spacer.gif" =
width=3D"446" height=3D"25" border=3D"0" alt=3D""></td>=0A=
</tr>=0A=
</table>=0A=
=0A=
<!--THE BOTTOM NAVIGATION GOES HERE-->=0A=
=0A=
<table width=3D"590" cellpadding=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" border=3D"0">=0A=
<tr>=0A=
        <td width=3D"590" colspan=3D"3" valign=3D"top" align=3D"left">=0A=
<!-- IMAGE MAP FOR NAVIGATION -->=0A=
<A =
href=3D"http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/maps/global_nav.map"><IMG =
src=3D"/wp-srv/globalnav/images/global.gif" width=3D"590" height=3D"15" =
border=3D"0" alt=3D"Navigation Bar" ismap></a><br>=0A=
        <A =
href=3D"http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/maps/polnav.map"><IMG =
src=3D"/wp-srv/globalnav/images/globalnav4.gif" width=3D"590" =
height=3D"13" border=3D"0" alt=3D"Navigation Bar" ismap></a></td>=0A=
</tr>=0A=
<tr>=0A=
        <td>&nbsp; </td>=0A=
</tr>=0A=
<tr>=0A=
        <td width=3D"120" align=3D"left" valign=3D"middle"><A =
href=3D"/wp-srv/yp/front.htm"><IMG =
src=3D"/wp-srv/globalnav/images/yp_genarticle.gif" width=3D"110" =
height=3D"24" border=3D"0" alt=3D""></a><br><IMG =
src=3D"/wp-srv/globalnav/images/clearspc.gif" width=3D"120" height=3D"1" =
alt=3D""></td>=0A=
        <td width=3D"234" align=3D"left" valign=3D"top">=0A=
<A =
HREF=3D"http://www.washingtonpost.com/RealMedia/ads/click_lx.ads/www.wash=
ingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/ap/inatlnews/26020/Left/BONUS-WP-WVA-1/cobran=
d_wva_234.gif/63653633646166323337616162376330" target=3D"_top"><IMG =
SRC=3D"http://www.washingtonpost.com/RealMedia/ads/adstream_lx.ads/www.wa=
shingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/ap/inatlnews/26020/Left/BONUS-WP-WVA-1/cobr=
and_wva_234.gif/63653633646166323337616162376330"  WIDTH=3D234 =
HEIGHT=3D60 ALT=3D"West Virginia Tourism"  border=3D0></A>=0A=
</td>=0A=
        <td width=3D"236" align=3D"right" valign=3D"top">=0A=
<A =
HREF=3D"http://www.washingtonpost.com/RealMedia/ads/click_lx.ads/www.wash=
ingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/ap/inatlnews/28367/BottomRight/BONUS-WP-HOD-1=
/hod234b.gif/63653633646166323337616162376330" target=3D"_top"><IMG =
SRC=3D"http://www.washingtonpost.com/RealMedia/ads/adstream_lx.ads/www.wa=
shingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/ap/inatlnews/28367/BottomRight/BONUS-WP-HOD=
-1/hod234b.gif/63653633646166323337616162376330"  WIDTH=3D234 =
HEIGHT=3D60 ALT=3D"House of Doors"  border=3D0></A>=0A=
</td>=0A=
</tr>=0A=
</table>=0A=
</BODY>=0A=
=0A=
</HTML>=0A=
<!--plsfield:end-->
------=_NextPart_000_002D_01BF3E49.E3FE6CE0--
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Dec  4 18:01:16 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id SAA03588 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 4 Dec 1999 18:01:15 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA09984; Sat, 4 Dec 1999 18:07:19 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma009971; Sat, 4 Dec 99 18:07:08 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 4 Dec 1999 18:03:25 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id WAA48226; Sat, 4 Dec 1999 22:47:08 GMT
Received: from mail.caribe.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA48416; Sat, 4 Dec 1999 17:47:00 -0500 (EST)
Received: from default (ppp121.206.105.98dip.netdial.caribe.net [206.105.98.121])
	by mail.caribe.net (8.9.0/8.9.0) with SMTP id SAA03969
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 4 Dec 1999 18:47:14 -0400 (AST)
Message-Id: <00a501bf3ea8$7b5d4080$15c55bd1@default>
From: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
To: "Coral-List" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Vieques - Historical Perspective (II)
Date: Sat, 4 Dec 1999 18:39:16 -0400
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_00A2_01BF3E86.DEF37460"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2314.1300
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "CORALations" <corals@caribe.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 785
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_00A2_01BF3E86.DEF37460
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
We would like to provide some historical perspective based on a similar =
situation to Vieques which took place on the Puerto Rico island of =
Culebra. The U.S. Navy also conducted live fire target practice on this =
biologically diverse and inhabited island of Puerto Rico. Navy was =
forced out by the people of Culebra in 1976 because Culebra was =
considered spoils of the Spanish-American war - a land treaty =
technicality. (The Navy did not leave for ethical reasons). The National =
Security arguments stated by the military for Culebra in the late 60's =
are very similar to those being stated today for Vieques. (See Culebra y =
la Marina de Estados Unidos by Carmelo Delgado Cintr=F3n, Appendix XX)   =
At the turn of the Century, the Navy was attracted to Culebra because of =
its large harbor, Ensenada Honda, which the Navy considered the most =
hurricane safe harbor in the Caribbean. At this time President Theodore =
Roosevelt set part of this island aside for the Atlantic Fleet's weapons =
training area and part of the island aside for a Federal Refuge. After =
the Navy left, more areas including offshore cays littered with =
unexploded ordnance from the target practice were included under the =
Federal Refuge status.=20
=20
    Around 600 people lived on Culebra at the beginning of the 1900's. =
Their main town of San Ildefonso (a Taino Indian village 1,000 years =
earlier) was relocated by the Navy, and renamed Dewey, after the famous =
Admiral. The Navy left for Cuba to establish a base at Guantanamo, so =
Culebra was fairly quiet until things began to heat up in Europe in the =
late 1930's. The Navy returned and began concentrated live fire target =
practice now on the outskirts of a much larger population on Culebra. =
Many of the "Old Timers" on Culebra speak English, because they had to =
learn to deal with the Navy personnel. Many locals have not so =
flattering stories of the behavior of military personnel when they would =
come into town binge drinking and assaulting family members. Others to =
this day are really friendly to gringos and share stories about famous =
Navy admirals they met, etc... Many Culebrenses have served in the U.S. =
military and many still do.
=20
    Locals have also shared stories about how Navy ordnance would drift =
a considerable distance from the target areas and lodge in their tin =
roofs in the center of the town of Dewey. They told me how they used to =
go down to the beaches at night and watch the tracers flying in the sky =
like fire works displays. A few residents have shell casings in their =
yards to this day, some white washed, as decorations or possibly =
memorials of days gone by. Two Sherman tanks stand rusting surreally =
posed to the backdrop of beautiful Flamenco Beach...once heavily =
targeted by U.S. Navy warships.
 =20
    The central peninsula of Flamenco was repeatedly napalmed. I was =
told, (but am not sure it is true), that this altered the vegetation =
which ironically turned it into ideal nesting habitat for endangered =
tern colonies. Some 55,000 endangered sea birds return to Culebra and =
offshore cays every year to nest. Hopefully this does not encourage =
Audubon Society members to begin napalming hillsides.=20
 =20
    Only three years ago did the Army Corps of Engineers begin scanning =
terrestrial areas for unexploded ordnance, outside of the Federal Refuge =
areas. When the Navy left Culebra, ordnance clean up was not part of the =
agreement. I have been told by an x-military person, now turned =
conservationist, that they used to pile up the bombs on the most =
impressive coral heads and then explode them periodically as part of the =
clean up. I asked why the most impressive corals and he said...it made =
for a more spectacular explosion to watch from shore. I have also heard =
that there used to be "fly over" populations of pink flamingos that =
would run on Flamenco Beach and feed in the neighboring salt pond. =
People have said they were shot for target practice by Navy personnel.(I =
believe this is true as it was confirmed a similar fate happened to the =
nesting population on Anegada, only it was the locals who shot them. Now =
local descendants have successfully started and are caring for a new =
breeding population on Anegada).
=20
    It is true that some of the best coral reefs remaining in Puerto =
Rico are found around Culebra. The Navy presence may or may not have =
halted development on this island for a while. I don't think from this =
you can conclude that the Navy presence actually "conserved" these =
resources, even if you are callous enough to take out the human factor =
of these practices on this small inhabited island. Current coral =
coverage may rather be a testament to the population of coral which =
existed 50 years ago, water quality of healthy coral larval source =
areas, greater and diverse reef fish populations, a fairly disease free =
environment and less frequent and intense storms. Also the reason =
Culebra for so long escaped the development juggernaut (I love saying =
juggernaut) may have more to do with its isolation and changing climate. =
Fresh water is now limited on Culebra. Two centuries of deforestation, =
agriculture and now extensive land clearing for development is altering =
the entire island into a stressed desert ecosystem where once creeks =
supported crawdads or crayfish (anecdotal evidence). Pending =
developments are now being approved after the recent completion of an =
underwater water pipeline, (which based on interoffice government =
communications - will have no water coming out of it.)=20
  =20
The coral reef situation is clearly different for Vieques today.
=20
In Culebra there are still giant craters left in some reef areas and =
unexploded ordnance left in the water. It may have been a blessing the =
Navy left without cleaning the underwater ordnance, given that their =
only method for cleaning is piling up the ordnance and exploding.  In =
1996,  for example, the Navy clean up of underwater unexploded WWII =
bombs off the Pacific island of Rota did an estimated 80 million dollars =
worth of damage at the Coral Gardens dive site (University of Guam). =
Terrestrial ordnance accidents have injured several people on Culebra =
since the Navy left. (anecdotal evidence).
    Puerto Rico is complicated. For obvious reasons imperialistic =
approaches attached to anything from economic reform policies to =
environmental management planning are resisted...and based on PR =
history, I find this understandable.
=20
    Today Puerto Rico is asking for your help as coral reef experts, =
managers and conservationists. If you have not already done so please =
fax President Clinton and tell him no more live or inert U.S. Navy =
target practice on Vieques.=20
White House Fax Line: 202-456-2461
Sincerely,
Mary Ann Lucking
Project Coordinator
CORALations
PMB 222
5900 Isla Verde Ave. L2
Carolina, PR  00979-4901
corals@caribe.net
    =20
 =20
------=_NextPart_000_00A2_01BF3E86.DEF37460
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D"MSHTML 5.00.2314.1000" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>We would like to provide some =
historical=20
perspective based on a similar situation to Vieques which took place on =
the=20
Puerto Rico island of Culebra. The U.S. Navy also conducted =
li</FONT><FONT=20
face=3DArial size=3D2>ve fire target practice on this biologically=20
diverse&nbsp;and&nbsp;inhabited island of Puerto Rico. Navy =
was&nbsp;forced out=20
by the people of Culebra in 1976&nbsp;because Culebra was considered =
spoils of=20
the Spanish-American war - a land treaty technicality. (The Navy did not =
leave=20
for&nbsp;ethical reasons).&nbsp;The National Security =
arguments&nbsp;stated by=20
the military for&nbsp;Culebra in the late 60's are very similar&nbsp;to =
those=20
being stated today for Vieques. (See <U>Culebra y la Marina de Estados=20
Unidos</U> by Carmelo Delgado Cintr=F3n, Appendix XX)&nbsp;&nbsp; =
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>At the turn of the Century, the Navy =
was attracted=20
to Culebra because of its large harbor, Ensenada Honda, which the Navy=20
considered the most hurricane safe harbor in the Caribbean. At this time =
President Theodore Roosevelt set part of this island aside for the =
Atlantic=20
Fleet's&nbsp;weapons training area and part of the island aside =
for&nbsp;a=20
Federal Refuge. After the Navy left,&nbsp;more areas including offshore =
cays=20
littered with unexploded ordnance from the&nbsp;target practice were =
included=20
under&nbsp;the Federal Refuge status.&nbsp;</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>&nbsp;</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Around 600 people =
lived on=20
Culebra at the beginning of the 1900's. Their main town of San Ildefonso =
(a=20
Taino Indian village 1,000 years earlier) was relocated by the Navy, and =
renamed=20
Dewey, after the famous Admiral.&nbsp;The Navy left for&nbsp;Cuba to =
establish a=20
base at Guantanamo, so Culebra was fairly quiet until things began to =
heat up in=20
Europe in the late 1930's. The Navy returned and began concentrated live =
fire=20
target practice now on the outskirts of a much larger population on =
Culebra.=20
Many of the "Old Timers" on Culebra speak English, because they had to =
learn to=20
deal with the Navy personnel. Many locals have not so flattering stories =
of the=20
behavior of military personnel when they would come into town binge =
drinking and=20
assaulting family members. Others to this day are really friendly to =
gringos and=20
share stories about famous Navy admirals they met, etc... Many =
Culebrenses have=20
served in the U.S. military and many still do.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>&nbsp;</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Locals have also =
shared stories=20
about how Navy ordnance would drift a considerable distance from the =
target=20
areas and lodge in their tin roofs in the center of the town of Dewey. =
They told=20
me how they used to go down to the beaches at night and watch the =
tracers flying=20
in the sky like fire works displays.&nbsp;A few residents have shell =
casings in=20
their yards to this day, some white washed, as decorations or possibly=20
memorials&nbsp;of days gone by.&nbsp;Two Sherman tanks stand rusting =
surreally=20
posed to the backdrop of beautiful&nbsp;Flamenco Beach...once heavily =
targeted=20
by U.S. Navy warships.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>&nbsp; </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The central =
peninsula of=20
Flamenco was repeatedly napalmed. I was told, (but am not sure it is =
true), that=20
this altered&nbsp;the vegetation which ironically turned it =
into&nbsp;ideal=20
nesting habitat for endangered tern colonies.&nbsp;Some 55,000 =
endangered sea=20
birds&nbsp;return to&nbsp;Culebra and offshore cays every year=20
to&nbsp;nest.&nbsp;Hopefully this does not encourage&nbsp;Audubon =
Society=20
members to begin napalming hillsides.&nbsp;</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>&nbsp; </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Only three years ago =
did the=20
Army Corps of Engineers begin scanning terrestrial areas for unexploded=20
ordnance, outside of the Federal Refuge areas.&nbsp;When the Navy left =
Culebra,=20
ordnance clean up was not part of the agreement.&nbsp;I have been told =
by an=20
x-military person, now turned conservationist, that they used to pile up =
the=20
bombs on the most impressive coral heads&nbsp;and then explode them =
periodically=20
as part of the&nbsp;clean up. I asked why the most impressive corals and =
he=20
said...it made&nbsp;for a more spectacular explosion to watch from =
shore. I have=20
also heard that there used to be "fly over" populations of pink =
flamingos that=20
would run on Flamenco Beach and feed in the neighboring salt pond. =
People have=20
said they were shot for target practice&nbsp;by Navy personnel.(I =
believe this=20
is true as it was confirmed a similar fate happened to the nesting =
population on=20
Anegada, only it was the locals who shot them. Now local descendants =
have=20
successfully started and are caring for a new breeding population on=20
Anegada).</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; It is true that some =
of the best=20
coral reefs remaining in Puerto Rico are found around Culebra. The Navy =
presence=20
may or may not have&nbsp;halted development on this island for a while. =
I don't=20
think from this you can conclude that the Navy presence actually =
"conserved"=20
these resources, even if you are callous enough to take out the human =
factor of=20
these practices on this small inhabited island. Current coral coverage =
may=20
rather be a testament to the population of coral which existed 50 years=20
ago,&nbsp;water quality of healthy coral larval source areas, greater =
and=20
diverse reef fish populations, a fairly disease free environment and =
less=20
frequent and intense storms. Also the reason Culebra for so long escaped =
the=20
development juggernaut (I love saying juggernaut) may have more to do =
with=20
its&nbsp;isolation and changing climate. Fresh water is now limited on=20
Culebra.&nbsp;Two&nbsp;centuries of deforestation, agriculture and now =
extensive=20
land clearing for development is altering the entire island into a =
stressed=20
desert ecosystem where once creeks supported&nbsp;crawdads or crayfish=20
(anecdotal evidence). Pending&nbsp;developments&nbsp;are now being =
approved=20
after the&nbsp;recent completion of an underwater water pipeline,=20
(which&nbsp;based on interoffice government communications - will have =
no water=20
coming out of it.)&nbsp;</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>The coral reef situation is clearly =
different for=20
Vieques today.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>&nbsp;</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>In Culebra there&nbsp;are =
still&nbsp;giant craters=20
left in some reef areas and unexploded ordnance left in the water. It =
may have=20
been a blessing the Navy left without cleaning the underwater ordnance, =
given=20
that their only method for&nbsp;cleaning&nbsp;is piling up the ordnance =
and=20
exploding.&nbsp; In 1996,&nbsp; for example, the Navy clean up of =
underwater=20
unexploded WWII bombs off&nbsp;the Pacific island of Rota&nbsp;did an =
estimated=20
80 million dollars worth of damage at the Coral Gardens dive site =
(University of=20
Guam). Terrestrial ordnance accidents have injured several people on =
Culebra=20
since the Navy left. (anecdotal evidence).</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Puerto Rico is=20
complicated.&nbsp;For obvious reasons imperialistic =
approaches&nbsp;attached=20
to&nbsp;anything from economic reform policies to environmental =
management=20
planning are resisted...and based on PR history, I find this=20
understandable.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Today Puerto Rico is =
asking for=20
your help as coral reef experts, managers and conservationists. If you =
have not=20
already done so please fax President Clinton and tell him&nbsp;no more =
live or=20
inert U.S. Navy target practice on Vieques.&nbsp;</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>White House Fax Line: =
202-456-2461</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Sincerely,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Mary Ann Lucking</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Project&nbsp;Coordinator</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>CORALations</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>PMB 222</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>5900 Isla Verde Ave. L2</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Carolina, PR&nbsp; =
00979-4901</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><A=20
href=3D"mailto:corals@caribe.net">corals@caribe.net</A></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial =
size=3D2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>&nbsp; </FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV></FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_000_00A2_01BF3E86.DEF37460--
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Dec  5 22:37:20 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id WAA10623 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 5 Dec 1999 22:37:20 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA08448; Sun, 5 Dec 1999 22:43:22 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma008432; Sun, 5 Dec 99 22:43:08 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sun, 5 Dec 1999 22:39:29 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id DAA57348; Mon, 6 Dec 1999 03:15:33 GMT
Received: from pisces.tcg.sgi.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id WAA57327; Sun, 5 Dec 1999 22:15:22 -0500 (EST)
Received: from oemcomputer (dap-209-114-166-71.pm4-1-s2.eth.pgh.pa.stargate.net [209.114.166.71])
	by pisces.tcg.sgi.net (StarGate/4.0.24) with ESMTP id WAA07406
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 5 Dec 1999 22:15:16 -0500 (EST)
Message-Id: <199912060315.WAA07406@pisces.tcg.sgi.net>
From: "Wendy Jo" <slkyshrk@sgi.net>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Date: Sun, 5 Dec 1999 22:11:01 -0800
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT
Subject: (Fwd) FLORIDA IMPORTER SENTENCED IN LANDMARK CORAL SMUGGLING C
Priority: normal
X-mailer: Pegasus Mail for Win32 (v3.12b)
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Wendy Jo" <slkyshrk@sgi.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 786
Apologies to those who receive FWS News. I thought this would be
of interest to the Coral Listers.
Best,
Wendy Jo Shemansky
------- Forwarded message follows -------
Subject:        	FLORIDA IMPORTER SENTENCED IN LANDMARK CORAL SMUGGLING CASE
To:             	fws-news@web2.irm.r9.fws.gov
From:           	NEWS@fws.gov
Date sent:      	Thu, 2 Dec 1999 15:59:23 -0500
============================================================    December 2, 1999                    Patricia Fisher, Fish and Wildlife
Service, 202-208-5634
                                                  Sandy Cleva, Fish and
Wildlife Service, 703-358-1949
                                                  Christine A. Romano,
Department of Justice, 202-616-0903
  FLORIDA IMPORTER SENTENCED IN LANDMARK CORAL SMUGGLING CASE
     WASHINGTON, D.C. -- A Florida man and his company were sentenced today in the
first successful felony prosecution ever for illegal coral trafficking.  Petros "Pete" Leventis
 will serve 18 months in prison followed by three years
 of supervised release and pay a $5,000 fine
and a $200 special assessment for his role in a smuggling operation that used false declarations,
invoices, and shipping documents to circumvent U.S. and Philippine laws as well as
international trade restrictions that protect corals and other marine species.  His company,
Greek Island Imports, was fined $25,000, sentenced to five years probation, and ordered to pay
an $800 special assessment in U.S. District Court in Tampa.
     A federal investigation by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Division of Law
Enforcement and the U.S. Customs Service, revealed that Leventis smuggled internationally
protected corals and seashells from the Philippines to the United States.
     "Coral reefs are among the world's most biologically diverse and economically
important ecosystems; they are also among the most imperiled," said U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service Director Jamie Rappaport Clark.  "Stopping illegal coral trade is a vital part of U.S. and
international efforts to save these resources."
     In August 1999, a federal jury found Leventis and his company guilty of smuggling and
violating the Lacey Act   a federal statute that makes it a crime to import or export wildlife
taken in violation of a foreign, state, tribal, or other U.S. law.
     "Trafficking in endangered species like coral threatens aquatic ecosystems," said Lois
Schiffer, Assistant Attorney General for the Department of Justice's Environment and Natural
Resources.  "Let the message be clear:  We will take whatever steps we can here and abroad to
stop the black market in endangered species and protect coral reefs."
     Coral reefs are home to nearly one-fourth of the world's ocean fish and thousands of
other marine organisms.  Reef ecosystems also contribute billions of dollars to the global
economy, supporting tourism and other industries.
     Commercial exploitation is a serious threat to the survival of the world's reefs, more
than half of which are considered at risk because of human activities.  Dangers range from
unsustainable trade and destructive fishing practices to coastal development and marine
pollution.  Large-scale degradation of reefs has already occurred in east Africa, south and
southeast Asia, parts of the Pacific, and the Caribbean.
     Concern for reef conservation prompted the Philippines to ban the export of corals in
1977.  Many of the species targeted by Leventis, including the blue, organ-pipe, branch, brush,
staghorn, finger, brown stem, mushroom, and feather corals, have been listed on Appendix II of
the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora
(CITES) since 1985.  Such species may not be legally traded without proper documentation
from the country where they are collected.
     "Profiteering at the expense of coral reefs will not go unchecked," Clark said.  "As the
world's largest consumer of corals and other reef species, the United States is leading the way
to ensure that demand for these marine treasures does not ultimately destroy them."
     Leventis' smuggling activities came to the government's attention in July 1997 when a
40-foot shipping container loaded with some 400 boxes and packages of coral and sea shells
arrived in Tampa.  Special agents of the Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Customs Service
then documented a six-year series of transactions involving protected corals and seashells
between Leventis and Esther Flores, the owner of a Philippine seashell and souvenir exporting
business.
     In November 1998, Leventis and Flores were indicted on smuggling and wildlife
charges.  The Justice Department in February 1999 filed papers with the Philippines seeking the
extradition of Flores.
     Leventis' Lacey Act and smuggling convictions were tied to the July 1997 shipment to
Tampa, as well as an illegal 1993 coral importation.
     Regulating the coral trade is difficult.  U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service wildlife
inspectors, Customs officials, and their global counterparts must handle large shipments of both
dead and perishable live corals, and be able to identify the different reef species found in trade.
The scientific information that exporting countries need to assess the effects of trade is often
unavailable, and many nations lack the resources to fully implement and enforce trade controls.
     Both the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and Justice Department are participating in the
U.S. Coral Reef Task Force (a coalition of federal agencies established by the President) and
are working with other coral reef nations and the global CITES community to reduce threats to
reefs, including those associated with trade.  The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service organized a
workshop on coral identification for North American wildlife enforcement officers a year ago
and provided similar training to all of its own inspectors this fall.  On December 6, 1999, the
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, which chairs the trade subgroup of the Coral Reef Task Force,
will hold a public meeting to discuss the U.S. role in the coral trade and receive comments
about whether there is a need for new authority to restrict commerce in certain coral reef
species.
  "We encourage Americans to be conservation-minded consumers when it comes to the
purchase of corals and coral reef products," Clark said.  Travelers overseas should check U.S.
and local laws before buying coral souvenirs and bringing them home.  Purchasers in this
country, including marine aquarium owners as well as curio seekers, can help protect coral reefs
by insisting that retailers only stock coral reef products harvested from sustainable sources.
  The case was jointly prosecuted by the U.S. Attorney's Office for the Middle District of
Florida and the Wildlife and Marine Resources Section of the U.S. Department of Justice.
Note to media: B-roll film of corals is available by contacting the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service Public Affairs at (202) 208-5634.  Photographs of the smuggled corals and a fact
sheet on corals can be found at the FWS Website, www.fws.gov
============================================================
News releases are also available on the World Wide Web at
http://www.fws.gov/r9extaff/pubaff.html
Questions concerning a particular news release or item of
information should be directed to the person listed as the
contact. General comments or observations concerning the
content of the information should be directed to Mitch Snow (Mitch_Snow@fws.gov) in the Office of Public Affairs.
============================================================
To unsubscribe from the fws-news listserver, send e-mail to
listserv@www.fws.gov with "unsubscribe fws-news [your name]" in the **body** of the message.  Omit the "quote marks" - and you should not include anything on the Subject: line.
For additional information about listser
------- End of forwarded message -------
"The library of life is on fire, and we must put it out."
~~Gro Harlem Brundtland, Prime Minister of Norway
>>)):> >>)):>  >>)):>  >>)):>  >>)):>  >>)):>  >>)):>  >>)):>
Wendy Jo Shemansky
Graduate Student
Environmental Research Science and Management
Duquesne University
Environmental News Director, West Penn Scuba Divers
Pittsburgh, PA
slkyshrk@sgi.net
(412) 244 - 3318
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Dec  8 12:42:50 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA05741 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 12:42:48 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA10550; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 12:52:05 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xmal10272; Wed, 8 Dec 99 12:51:08 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 08:37:35 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA76524; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 12:22:23 GMT
Message-Id: <199912081222.MAA76524@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: Jim_Maragos@r1.fws.gov
To: Les Kaufman <lesk@bio.bu.edu>, Doug Fenner <d.fenner@aims.gov.au>
cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Date: Tue, 7 Dec 1999 15:49:01 -0800
Subject: Re[2]: Could bombing benefit Vieques reefs?
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jim_Maragos@r1.fws.gov
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 787
     Les Kaufman's comments about Johnston Atollmay be misunderstood bythe
     uninformed. The reefs of Johnston Atoll were never bombed.  There were VERY
     high atmospheric nuclear tests at the atoll in the late 1950s and possibly
     the early 1960s, but none of these tests were anywhere near sea level or
     underwater.  A few military rockets blew up on the launch pad and plutonium
     may have been scattered into the ocean near Johnston Island in the early
     60s, but the atoll was never used as a bombing range and there is no
     evidence of bomb craters or other impacts associated with live firing and
     bombing.  True, the atoll was dredged in the early 60s to expand the land
     area and construct an airfield and port at the atoll, and indeed during the
     subsequent 35 years, the reefs have recovered.
     As a result I don't think the recent history of Johnston Atoll has much
     relevance to the ongoing discussion regarding the bombing at Vieques.
     Wouldn't it be better to focus some of our efforts on evaluating reef areas
     that were actually used for military bombing practice?  Where are these
     areas? Let's make a list of them and find out how they are doing!
     James E. Maragos, Ph.D. Coral Reef Biologist
     U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Pacific Islands Ecoregion
     ____________________Reply Separator____________________
     Subject:  Re: Could bombing benefit Vieques reefs?
     Author:   owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
     Date:          11/20/99 6:14 AM
Strong endorsement of Doug's point.
Several on the list have visited or worked at Johnston Atoll, site of a
facility for the disposal of chemical weapons and a place with a history
of environmental insults.  The reef is mostly in very beautiful condition
due to the restrictions on access and use, and is now within a National
Wildlife Sanctuary.
Les Kaufman
Boston University Marine Program
lesk@bio.bu.edu
617-353-5560 office
617-353-6965 lab
617-353-6340 fax
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
To unsubscribe from coral-list please send the following text
in the body of the message to majordomo@coral.aoml.noaa.gov,
   unsubscribe coral-list
To subscribe to coral-list, substitute "unsubscribe" instead with,
   subscribe coral-list
If you wish to change email addresses, you can combine the above
  commands in a single message to majordomo@coral.aoml.noaa.gov.
..................................................................
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov) in Miami, Florida, USA.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Dec  8 12:42:55 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA05791 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 12:42:53 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA10593; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 12:52:10 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xmao10272; Wed, 8 Dec 99 12:51:38 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 00:37:08 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id DAA60504; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 03:34:48 GMT
Received: from hotmail.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id WAA73107; Tue, 7 Dec 1999 22:34:42 -0500 (EST)
Received: (qmail 49544 invoked by uid 0); 8 Dec 1999 03:34:37 -0000
Message-Id: <19991208033437.49543.qmail@hotmail.com>
Received: from 206.99.218.240 by www.hotmail.com with HTTP;
	Tue, 07 Dec 1999 19:34:37 PST
X-Originating-IP: [206.99.218.240]
From: "Edwin Hernandez-Delgado" <coral_giac@hotmail.com>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: NAVY's opinion about Vieques and PR
Date: Tue, 07 Dec 1999 19:34:37 PST
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Edwin Hernandez-Delgado" <coral_giac@hotmail.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 788
Dear coral-listers.
This is the correct URL about Vieques.
http://www.usni.org/Proceedings/Aritcles99/PNoniel.htm
Edwin
______________________________________________________
Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Dec  8 12:42:56 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA05803 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 12:42:54 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA10595; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 12:52:11 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xmac10271; Wed, 8 Dec 99 12:50:48 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 7 Dec 1999 20:04:02 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id WAA71987; Tue, 7 Dec 1999 22:58:53 GMT
Received: from hotmail.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA72242; Tue, 7 Dec 1999 17:58:46 -0500 (EST)
Received: (qmail 33486 invoked by uid 0); 7 Dec 1999 22:58:44 -0000
Message-Id: <19991207225844.33485.qmail@hotmail.com>
Received: from 206.99.218.240 by www.hotmail.com with HTTP;
	Tue, 07 Dec 1999 14:58:44 PST
X-Originating-IP: [206.99.218.240]
From: "Edwin Hernandez-Delgado" <coral_giac@hotmail.com>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, eco-isla@earthsystems.org
Subject: Proceedings Vieques
Date: Tue, 07 Dec 1999 14:58:44 PST
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Edwin Hernandez-Delgado" <coral_giac@hotmail.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 789
Dear all.
I found some messages that people had trouble accessing the web site
regarding the Navy opinion about Vieques and Puerto Ricans.  For the benefit
of those of you who were not able to access the site, here is the
information that I just cut and pasted.
regards,
Edwin
Professional Notes
     The Navy is the Best Thing That Has Happened to Vieques . . .
     By Captain John E. O'Neil, Jr., U.S. Navy (Retired)
     sidebar
     "Bridge, combat--we have an urgent fire mission for illumination and
high explosive."
     "Bridge aye, are navigation and gun plot set?"
     "Yes, sir."
     "Very well, batteries released!"
     Both gun mounts silently traversed 90 degrees out on the smooth riding
destroyer's starboard
     beam and gently quiver with the receipt of the train and elevation gun
orders from the fire control
     computer. Then, with large bang and bright flash, followed by the sound
of the smoking, empty
     powder can clanging on the steel deck under the forward mount, the
first star shell left the ship.
     The sound of the powder can momentarily distracted the skipper as he
watched the first round his
     ship had ever fired in combat arch high over the dark, calm sea to pop
1,500 feet above the target
     ashore some 8,800 yards away. "Good flare," he said to no one in
particular.
     Several more star shells bloomed high in the near distant night. The
commanding officer (CO),
     Commander Roberto Rodriguez, saw his paraflares blooming brightly over
the terrorist position
     that had been firing at the recently landed mechanized company from the
26th Marine
     Expeditionary Unit. Excitement and tension rose on the bridge as the
Marine spotter's voice called
     for rapid continuous fire. The sharp crack of the aft mount signaled
the first of six rounds of high
     explosive (HE) speeding to the target. Suddenly--even before the last
round landed--the spotter's
     voice came screaming over the bridge and combat information center
radio speakers: "Check fire.
     Check solution. Damn it, your HE rounds are on my position!"
     Commander Rodriguez, born and raised in Puerto Rico and a graduate of
the U.S. Naval
     Academy, reacted quickly and saw that the error was corrected.
Fortunately, the errant rounds
     had only slightly damaged two of the Marines lightly armored amphibious
assault vehicles. Newly
     arrived in the Mediterranean, the destroyer was rated M4 (not
qualified) in amphibious warfare, a
     primary mission area, because neither the ship nor the MEU had gone
through any of the live-fire
     training exercises regularly held at the island of Vieques, east of the
large Navy base at Roosevelt
     Roads, Puerto Rico, before they deployed.
     "That was no way to support my Marines," thought Rodriguez. "Working
out gunnery and
     spotting problems in a combat situation is not the way to learn. People
can do more damage to
     friendly forces than the enemy," the skipper told his officer of the
deck on the starboard bridge
     wing. He was unhappy that some Puerto Ricans--in particular
Commonwealth
     politicians--routinely used the Navy as a convenient scapegoat to cover
their own lack of fiscal
     support for the 9,000 Viequensens. "Statehood, Commonwealth ,or
Independence for Puerto
     Rico" were the politically charged slogans the 39-year old commanding
officer had been hearing
     all his life--but now they were affecting his ability to carry out his
mission.
                                    Lest this sound melodramatic, consider
the real world: On 22
                                    September 1999, shortly after these
words were written, Vice
                                    Admiral William Fallon, U.S. Navy.
Commander Second Fleet,
                                    told Congress that the USS John F.
Kennedy (CV-67) carrier
                                    battle group had left for the
Mediterranean only the day before
                                    with a destroyer, the USS John Hancock
(DD-981), that had
                                    been unable to qualify in naval gunfire
support during its
                                    pre-deployment work-up. "In some cases,
we're not trained to
                                    the level we'd like to see." 1 He added
that the USS Dwight D.
                                    Eisenhower (CVN-69) carrier battle
group, scheduled to deploy
                                    in February 2000, probably would be
affected also.
                                    The admiral's remarks came as he and
Lieutenant General Peter
                                    Pace, U.S. Marine Corps, commander,
Marine Forces Atlantic,
                                    testified before Senator James Inhofe's
(R-OK) Senate Armed
     Services Committee's Readiness Panel
     Pace said that the 22nd Marine Expeditionary Unit (Special Operations
Capable) was deploying "this
     week" without the benefit of training at Vieques.
     Both flag officers said that they were more than willing to discuss
ways to improve the quality of life for
     island residents, but emphasized that, considering all East Coast
locations, " . . . only at Vieques can we
     do the combined arms training that is so essential to the success of
our forces in combat."
     A little history of the Vieques Weapons Range is in order. The Navy
originally bought some 22,000-plus
     acres of the sparsely populated island during World War II, paying fair
market value for the property.
     Since that time, the Navy has conducted hundreds of thousands of
live-fire training missions with
     shipboard guns, aircraft, and troops ashore using their artillery.
Vieques is geographically special because
     of its overall length with high hills where observation of the fall of
shot can be carried out without
     interfering with ongoing training missions in the Live Impact Area
(LIA), located on the last mile or so of
     the 21-mile-long island, and the 8 to 10 mile by 4-mile-wide Eastern
Maneuvering Area (EMA)
     immediately adjacent to the LIA.
     Vieques is the only weapons range readily accessible to U.S. East Coast
units where mission-essential
     combined arms training can be conducted. There are five critical war
fighting and national security reasons
     to use the island:
          Vieques is outside the path of commercial airline flights, thus
military pilots can fly the target ranges
          at the necessary tactical delivery heights. Since the air defenses
of potential adversaries are
          becoming more sophisticated, our aircrews often operate at higher
altitudes.
          Naval ships can operate in deep water (water depths are over 70
feet just 3,000 yards from the
          island shoreline) within gunfire range of land-based targets
without disrupting commercial shipping
          traffic.
          The island beaches and land formations, with no existing civilian
presence, permit amphibious
          landings and subsequent operations ashore.
          Naval Station Roosevelt Roads, only eight miles away, provides for
the refueling and supplying of
          the ships and exercise aircraft and houses the Atlantic Fleet
Weapons Training Facility (AFWTF)
          control center, radar, microwave relay points, and radio
communications. The base has contributed
          thousands of jobs, and pumped literally billions of dollars into
the Puerto Rican economy over the
          years supporting Vieques operations.
          Most important, the island range offers 22,000 acres on which
Marine or Army combat-equipped
          ground troops can maneuver with appropriate support from aircraft
and Naval ships without
          danger to the adjacent civilian population. In more than 50 years
of combat training operations,
          there has never been a civilian casualty outside the Vieques
range, and, until very recently, there
          had never been a casualty on the range.
     The entire range complex at Vieques has been designed specifically to
give senior commanders an
     opportunity to train, evaluate, and improve combat readiness. The
supporting arms coordination exercises
     conducted at Vieques just before carrier battle groups and amphibious
ready groups deploy assess not
     only quantitative elements, but also more qualitative, subjective
performance criteria. As the units normally
     deploy within a month of the exercise, the training here is vital for
success in combat.
     Live fire is extremely important to the fleet operators because it
provides three critical and interlocked
     factors in the training equation:
          Realism, which will save lives in time of crisis
          Valid assessment of the operators' ability to put ordnance on
target
          End-to-end training, in which the desired ordnance goes directly
from the magazines to the actual
          target ashore on the range
     All politics are local--except in Vieques. The most challenging piece
of the Vieques puzzle is to
     comprehend thoroughly the economic and, more important, the emotional
political issues that have
     surfaced periodically since Puerto Rico became part of the United
States at the turn of the last century.
     Puerto Ricans became U.S. citizens in 1917, and the great population
migrations to the states began in the
     1940s. Feelings ran very high over considerations of independence,
commonwealth status, or statehood
     from the late 1940s through the mid 1950s; commonwealth status was
granted in 1952.
     In the late 1970s, President Jimmy Carter pardoned a Puerto Rican
convicted in 1950 of trying to kill
     President Harry Truman and also pardoned four independentistas who had
stormed the U.S. House of
     Representatives in 1954, unfurling the Puerto Rican flag, firing
pistols, and wounding five congressmen.
     Reviewing these facts, you could infer that the pardons were granted
because of the rising acts of violence
     that began with the first terrorist act attributed to the Fuerzas
Armadas de Liberacion Nacional
     (FALN) in the bombing of Fraunce's Tavern in New York in 1975, which
killed four patrons and
     wounded 60.
     In 1979, macheteros ambushed a military bus full of unarmed U.S.
Sailors on their way to the Naval
     Communications site at Sabana Seca; two Sailors were killed and 10
others were wounded in this
     murderous act. After the January 1981 bombing of seven Puerto Rican Air
National Guard jets, a
     machetero was convicted in absentia; others were convicted for stealing
millions from a Wells Fargo
     armored car. Some in the press would have readers believe these
criminals were patriots.
     In 1975, the Navy's gave up the live fire ranges on the nearby,
smaller, neighboring island of Culebra. Use
     of Vieques over the years has shown a series of ebbs and flows in the
often emotionally charged
     relationship between the local population--mostly a few fishermen,
independentistas, a couple of late
     1960s/early 1970s war-protester type immigrants from the states--and
the Navy. Many of these ill
     feelings surface when assorted Puerto Rican independence, statehood, or
commonwealth groups get the
     attention of the press, and in particular when a commonwealth,
stateside congressional, or presidential
     election approaches.
     New York City residents of Puerto Rican descent--traditionally
Democrats--are said to be a key voting
     bloc in the next New York senatorial election, and Puerto Rico is more
in the national political limelight
     this election because Puerto Rican Governor Rossello is a co-chairman
of Vice President Al Gore's
     campaign and a top Gore fund-raiser.
     President Bill Clinton's decision to grant conditional clemency to some
dozen members or accomplices of
     the macheteros terrorists and their forefathers, the FALN, does a
disservice to the vast majority of
     law-biding Puerto Ricans in that none of these criminals ever did
anything for Puerto Rico. They bombed
     U.S. political and military sites between 1973 and 1983, stole money,
killed innocent people, maimed
     policemen, and violated numerous firearms and weapons laws. A major
fault in the overall handling of the
     Vieques use issue is that the Navy has essentially worked the problem
by itself with little productive
     assistance from high-level Navy officials, the Congress, or other
federal agencies or departments. This has
     given some Puerto Ricans the feeling that they remain only a colony
wrested from Spain and are not
     important for the common defense of our country.
     While Puerto Ricans may not vote for the President, they are very well
represented by more than 1.4
     million expatriates in New York and New Jersey; the island receives
more than $12 billion a year in direct
     federal money, has a large Veterans Administration hospital system, and
residents pay no federal income
     tax.
     Following the 1979 murders of the innocent Sailors, the Navy and the
Commonwealth of Puerto Rico in
     1983 signed a memorandum of understanding and made significant efforts
to orchestrate a cease-fire in
     the turbulent legal battle over Vieques. Since then, the Navy has put
forward a good-faith effort to live up
     to it, especially in the area of environmental stewardship. A case in
point: I recently drove from the
     Vieques airport to Observation Post (OP)-1, then to the radar site in
the Naval Ammunition Supply
     Depot and conservation area at the western end of the island, back
again to OP-1, and finally to the
     airport. During the nine hours I spent on the island, I carefully noted
the general care and upkeep of the
     Navy property and the civilian areas--including the beach in the LIA
where the trespassing
     squatter/protesters are living illegally.
     One has only to drive around to observe the immense amounts of trash
and junk that exist all over
     Vieques--and Puerto Rico itself. Violent crime is a daily event in most
parts of the main island; police
     wear blue armored vests in full view of the general public. Few traffic
laws are observed by the driving
     public or enforced by the police.
     Most telling of the volatility of Puerto Rican political reality in
1999 are the words of Herberto Acosta,
     writing in The San Juan Star's Viewpoint column of 31 August 1999,
headlined "P.R. needs to create
     civic consciousness."
     This short but truthful--and painful - article validates the
observations I made between the time I arrived in
     San Juan in late August 1999 until I left 10 days later. According to
Acosta, "The worst failure of Puerto
     Rico in the last 50 years has been the inability to create a society
with a civic conscience. Just six months
     before the millennium, Puerto Rico is unable to reach a civic, economic
and social status that will fully
     define ourselves as part of the first world countries. In a society
where our streets, beaches and public
     places are full of trash, no civic conscience can be established. This
lack of responsibility by the citizens is
     the product of the big pseudo-socialistic and pseudo-capitalistic
government, established by Munoz
     Marin with the precept that big statism, and by a not-so-subtle
interchange of favors between citizens and
     governments, in which government patronized its political acolytes by
giving them jobs and saving
     privileges for them, political power could be maintained."
     He has struck a nerve. I drove from Fajardo, just outside the base at
Roosevelt Roads, through San Juan
     over to the Camuy Caves and down to Ponce via extremely narrow roads
with hairpin turns--colloquially
     called a scenic route on the tourist maps--and then back to Fajardo via
the toll road to San Juan. There is
     indeed seems to be no civic pride to clean up any of the debris. The
difference between Navy and civilian
     property is night and day. I have been going to Puerto Rico since 1970
and the trash situation remains as
     bad today as it was then.
     Acosta goes on to highlight many other needs of the population, which
he feels have been totally ignored
     by the island's governing elite. Many importers find their goods
routinely tied up on the docks in the major
     ports by a series of confusing customs rules that seem to be lifted
after a certain amount of time passes or
     a favor is granted to the official whose stamp is needed to release the
material. Incoming privately owned
     vehicles for service personnel often are held for weeks before being
released. The same goes for the
     military construction materials that contractors attempt to import for
federal government contracts.
     The Puerto Rican press is filled with semi-sensational stories about
the environmental disasters that the
     Navy has visited upon Vieques and Roosevelt Roads. The allegations
simply are not true. I saw no trash
     along the 11-mile gravel roads that I used to travel up to the OP on
Vieques. In addition, the return of any
     Navy property on Vieques to the Commonwealth would certainly trigger a
free-for-all among several
     federal agencies--the Fish and Wildlife Service, the Environmental
Protection Agency and other
     environmental regulators, and the U.S. Forest Service--who will want
the present conservation areas to
     remain undeveloped. This will clash with the small group of politicians
and land developers who hope to
     expand the tourist industry on Vieques.
     The two southern landing beaches in the Eastern Maneuvering Area were
as pristine on this trip as I had
     seen them 11 years ago during my last coming ashore with my Marines.
There are significant wildlife
     refuges and conservation zones throughout all the Navy property. The
silly claims by some--including
     Ruben Berrios Martinez, president of the Puerto Rican Independence
Party--that the Navy is maltreating
     the sea turtles, brown pelicans, and fish are ridiculous in light of
the stringent environmental safeguards the
     Navy has put in place on the island. In fact, local poachers routinely
raid the Navy property to capture
     these endangered creatures. If the Navy is forced to give up the
training sites, I predict every sea turtle
     and brown pelican will leave their age-old nesting sites; if not, they
will be poached into extinction. When
     all is said and done, the Navy is the best thing that has happened to
Vieques
     In more than 55 years, only one unfortunate incident that resulted in a
death on the island. A pair of Mark
     82 500-pound iron bombs landed very close to OP-1, spraying heavy
shrapnel, causing mortal injuries to
     a local hire Viequensen who was an employee of the 50-person civilian
contract guard force that provides
     security for the Navy facilities on the island. The bombs landed more
than 1,000 yards from their intended
     target, but were seven miles from the closest town.
     Nevertheless, the Puerto Rican press, politicians, island agitators,
and stateside opportunists, immediately
     seized upon this accident and filled the print and television media
with a gross distortion of the entire
     Vieques situation. Activists proclaim that stateside Americans do not
have to tolerate live bombing ranges
     "right next to them"--but poor Viequensens do! In fact, Eglin Air Force
Base in the Florida panhandle has
     a variety of live weapon drop areas that are closer to civilians than
any of those on Vieques. The Vieques
     LIA is almost 10 miles from the closest town on the island, and there
has never been a piece of live
     ordnance dropped outside the Navy training areas on the Vieques Island
ranges that has injured a local
     person.
     Economic development of the small island and other attempts of
improving the life of the inhabitants must
     fall squarely on the local Commonwealth politicians with an assist from
the Department of Defense with
     the Navy as its lead agency. I met several local people on the island
and they were very complimentary
     about the Navy's rapid assistance following hurricanes, as well as the
number of jobs the Navy provides.
     Most interesting, they wanted their leaders in San Juan to get on the
ball to help them move forward
     instead of getting their photos on the social pages of The San Juan
Star.
     The death was truly regrettable, but it was an extremely isolated
occurrence. If the President decides to
     order the Navy to leave the island range, we will see young American
blue jackets and
     Marines--including Puerto Ricans--going into combat without proper
predeployment training.
     1. Sheila Foote, "Military Officials Seek Dialogue to Reopen Vieques
Range," Defense Daily, 23
     September 1999. Subsequent quotes and references to this hearing also
came from this article.
     Captain O'Neil, who spent a 30-year career primarily with the 'Gator
Navy, is a consultant in
     Jacksonville, Florida. He is a frequent Proceedings contributor.
     . . . and it's Not Time to Give it Back
     As a naval officer who first visited the Navy range facility at
Roosevelt Roads, Puerto Rico, in August
     1969 and continued sailing or flying down there through August 1999, I
must comment on some of the
     naive, ill-informed comments in Lieutenant Commander Matos's article.
(See "It's Time to Return
     Vieques," Proceedings, October 1999, page 76.)
     First and foremost, the future of Vieques Island remains the
responsibility not of the U.S. Navy, but of the
     Commonwealth of Puerto Rico--whose leadership has shown very little
real interest in the island's future.
     Emotionally biased rhetoric, inaccurate press reports, non-existent
high-level participation on both sides in
     "conflict" resolution, has poisoned a legitimate look at the on-going
live-fire issue on Vieques.
     The author's claim that Pacific Fleet training facilities are not able
to provide the particular level of training
     available at Vieques is inaccurate. West coast units train at Camp
Pendleton, California, nearby San
     Clemente Island, the offshore Pacific Missile Range, and periodically
send their aircraft to use the myriad
     of inland training ranges from Arizona to Washington. Ships routinely
fire live ammunition at targets ashore
     and carefully follow California's environmental rules and guidelines,
which are much more demanding than
     those of Puerto Rico.Regarding opposition criticism of the Navy's
environmental stewardship of its Puerto
     Rican property, one has only to stand at the Navy fence line and look
outside; it is night and day.
     I am hard pressed to see the "harm" that the anti-Navy,
get-out-of-Vieques antagonists claim the island
     residents live under. The Navy population on Vieques is extremely
small, and the range is not in constant
     use as indicated by the opposition. The Navy follows a very detailed
set of rules whenever there is a
     live-fire operation or when the Marines come ashore on the southern
Vieques beaches to test their landing
     plans and weapons support prior to deployment.
     The claim that supersonic aircraft continually roar over the hapless
islanders is bogus. In fact, the small
     commuter aircraft--and the planned larger jet aircraft that will soon
use the larger runway at the local
     airport being constructed on property the Navy signed over to the
island-- will produce a daily level of
     aircraft noise that will surpass any noise levels that the Navy would
ever generate over the populated
     areas of the island.
     I predict that if the Navy leaves its present pristine acres, the
squatters who are a familiar sight all over
     Puerto Rico will claim land, trash it, and kill, eat, or
capture-then-sell the existing wildlife. The brown
     pelican, the large sea turtles, and fish are indeed now protected, yet
there are well-documented cases of
     local poachers in these teeming tropical waters and beaches.
     Economic development has been attempted several times on the island
since the 1983 Memorandum of
     Understanding, but. frankly no one wants to go to the island. The same
is the case for the former gunnery
     range at the smaller yet island of Culebra to the north. Navy money has
helped improve the basic
     infrastructure on both islands, but without Commonwealth interest--
except vitriolic rhetoric at election
     time--these efforts have failed.
     Local Viequensens told me that Commonwealth politicians have woefully
ignored their true needs for
     decades. The abysmal roads and public infrastructure serve as mute
testimony. While there appears to be
     a modern hospital/clinic (viewed from the outside), little has been
done to staff the facility adequately.
     Trash disposal is almost nonexistent. The islanders rely upon the Navy
to help restore basic services
     following hurricanes. Last year, a few U.S. expatriate and local
anti-Navy protesters even blockaded Sea
     Bee efforts to deliver clean water to the hospital that the local mayor
had agreed to accept!
     There is no reason for tourists to visit the island because there is
nothing available for them to do except
     to get sunburned, drink rum, and trash the Navy beaches, which
generally are available for tourist use.
     The large charter fishing industry at Fajardo on the large island of
Puerto Rico does not want any
     competition from the looked-down-upon residents of the two nearby
islands. There are no
     Commonwealth programs to assist the job situation, and selling the Navy
land back to the people is a silly
     notion. There is no local money available to provide an economic
stimulus, let alone pay a fair market
     value for the Navy acreage.
     I am willing to bet that if President Bill Clinton orders the
Department of Defense to leave Vieques, very
     few of the islanders will ever see their way of life improve. The
now-clean Navy beaches of the southern
     side of the island will be littered and trashed in a short amount of
time, the sea turtles will be slaughtered,
     and the brown pelicans taken from their rookeries in the sanctuaries.
Little infrastructure money would be
     saved by closing the small Navy facilities on the island. More than 130
local-hire Viequesens would lose
     their jobs. And when--not if, but when--Cuban President-for-life Fidel
Castro exits the scene, that very
     large island nation will be ready for major economic development--with
tourism at the top of the list. The
     Cubans might even be ready to provide the United States with some of
the old Soviet traing areas--for a
     price. Whatever happens, Puerto Rican officials confronting a
diminished tourist industry will wish they
     had never brought up the subject of closing down Vieques.
     The federal government should take the lead in resolving the live-fire
controversy. As an aside, the Puerto
     Rican National Guard routinely conducts artillery firing just south of
Roosevelt Roads and occasionally
     lands a large-caliber round outside the impact areas--in or near a
local town; this happened most recently
     last spring. The Puerto Rican press overlooked this training incident,
but the Commonwealth ordered the
     National Guard to cease firing until the Navy is forced out of Vieques.
All politics are indeed local.
     Many are at fault for the sad way this important national defense issue
has been handled. The Navy, by
     moving out its only flag officer more than four years ago, sent the
wrong signal to Puerto Rico: the lack of
     Department of Defense and Congressional support. The Commonwealth
leadership, posturing for votes,
     has placed the readiness of deployable fleet units at risk. The closure
of the U.S. bases in Panama,
     coupled with the recent relocation and expansion of the Southern
Command and Special Operations
     Command forces in Puerto Rico, will place an even greater demand for
live-fire training. More federal
     money, good will on both sides, and a better exchange of information
will solve this problem.
     Let's get on with it.
     John O'Neil, U.S. Navy (Retired)
     return to top
     Published November, 1999
______________________________________________________
Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Dec  8 12:42:55 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA05792 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 12:42:53 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA10587; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 12:52:10 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xmab10272; Wed, 8 Dec 99 12:50:48 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 7 Dec 1999 17:58:46 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id VAA71075; Tue, 7 Dec 1999 21:05:36 GMT
Received: from hotmail.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id QAA71217; Tue, 7 Dec 1999 16:05:25 -0500 (EST)
Received: (qmail 82293 invoked by uid 0); 7 Dec 1999 21:05:23 -0000
Message-Id: <19991207210523.82292.qmail@hotmail.com>
Received: from 206.99.218.242 by www.hotmail.com with HTTP;
	Tue, 07 Dec 1999 13:05:23 PST
X-Originating-IP: [206.99.218.242]
From: "Edwin Hernandez-Delgado" <coral_giac@hotmail.com>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: PROCEEDINGS ABOUT VIEQUES
Date: Tue, 07 Dec 1999 13:05:23 PST
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_6e9088ea_106bbba2$3d6a3f34"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Edwin Hernandez-Delgado" <coral_giac@hotmail.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 790
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_6e9088ea_106bbba2$3d6a3f34
Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed
Dear coral-listers.
For all of you who are truly interested in the Vieques bombing issue, I
enclosed some interesting information regarding the position of the U.S.
Navy about Vieques and their opinion about us, Puerto Ricans. I won't
comment, but judge by yourselves.
I included the web site address in case you want to access it directly.
http://www.usni.org/Proceedings
Regards,
Edwin
Edwin A. Hernandez-Delgado
Investigador Asociado
Universidad de Puerto Rico
Departamento de Biologia
Grupo de Investigacion en Arrecifes de Coral
P.O. Box 23360
San Juan, Puerto Rico 00931-3360
Tel. (787) 764-0000, x-4855
Fax  (787) 764-2610
e-mail: coral_giac@hotmail.com
        diploria@coqui.net
******************************************
______________________________________________________
Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com
------=_NextPart_000_6e9088ea_106bbba2$3d6a3f34
------=_NextPart_000_6e9088ea_106bbba2$3d6a3f34--
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Dec  8 12:44:14 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA06047 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 12:44:10 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA10840; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 12:53:28 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma010787; Wed, 8 Dec 99 12:53:23 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 10:04:28 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA76547; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 13:52:54 GMT
Received: from bio.bu.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id IAA76763; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 08:52:47 -0500 (EST)
Received: from localhost (lesk@localhost)
	by bio.bu.edu ((8.9.3.buoit.v1.0)/8.9.3/(BU-S-10/28/1999-v1.0pre2)) with SMTP id IAA03990;
	Wed, 8 Dec 1999 08:52:26 -0500 (EST)
Date: Wed, 8 Dec 1999 08:52:25 -0500 (EST)
From: Les Kaufman <lesk@bio.bu.edu>
To: Jim_Maragos@r1.fws.gov
cc: Doug Fenner <d.fenner@aims.gov.au>, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Re[2]: Could bombing benefit Vieques reefs?
In-Reply-To: <199912081222.MAA76524@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Message-Id: <Pine.SOL.3.96.991208084443.3504D-100000@bio.bu.edu>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Les Kaufman <lesk@bio.bu.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 791
I want to thank Jim for the clarifications regarding Johnston Atoll vs.
Vieques, though I am a bit horrified that anything I said could have been
misconstrued as having implied that Johnston had been cratered.  I must
have been too subtle.  My point was only thata history of  military
jursidiction was not an entirely bad thing in all cases or in all ways.
It should be obvious that transition to long-term stewardship with
conservation in min and adequate resources to effect this goal, is the
desired situation.
I was also trying to DISPEL a notion that Johnston was a wasteland, an
impression that
might have been generated by existing misconceptions.  The Johnston atoll
reef is one of the most beautiful, interesting, and intact that I have
ever seen, and is a priceless observatory in which we can learn much about
coral reef ecology in an environment where we can also hope to seggregate
global from local signals.  All of this has nothing to do with the
military, and everything to do with recognizing the unique values
represented by the coral reef systems historically within military
reserves.
As for Vieques, these days ANY Caribbean reef under effective stewardship
is a priceless thing, especially if it holds hope of preserving intact
representatives of Atlantic acroporid assemblages, which have been greatly
reduced.
 Les Kaufman
Boston University Marine Program
Department of Biology
5 Cummington Street
Boston, MA 02215
lesk@bio.bu.edu
617-353-5560 office
617-353-6965 lab
617-353-6340 fax
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Dec  8 12:44:17 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA06074 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 12:44:12 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA10843; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 12:53:29 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xmac10719; Wed, 8 Dec 99 12:53:02 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 7 Dec 1999 20:13:25 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id XAA72357; Tue, 7 Dec 1999 23:57:37 GMT
Received: from pearl.aims.gov.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id SAA72576; Tue, 7 Dec 1999 18:57:25 -0500 (EST)
Received: from coral3.aims.gov.au ([138.7.35.86])
	by pearl.aims.gov.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id JAA05267;
	Wed, 8 Dec 1999 09:57:04 +1000 (EST)
Message-Id: <3.0.5.32.19991208095835.00843950@email.aims.gov.au>
X-Sender: tdone@email.aims.gov.au
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0.5 (32)
Date: Wed, 08 Dec 1999 09:58:35 +1000
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Terry Done <tdone@aims.gov.au>
Subject: 9th International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali, October 23-27 2000
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Terry Done <tdone@aims.gov.au>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 792
This is a joint message from:
Terry Done
President ISRS
and
Anugerah Nontji
Chairman, 9ICRS Organizing Committee
Update - December 7th 1999
This note is to confirm that the Symposium will be held in Bali on 23-27
October 2000 as scheduled.  We encourage all of you to attend and help make
it the best Symposium yet.   We welcome oral presentations and posters on
any topic within the broad scope of the meeting. We also have an excellent
program of mini-symposia under development (see below), but if your topic
does not fit readily into one of them, it can be slotted into one of the
general sessions. Abstracts should be sent to David Hopley by  April 30
2000 (address details below).
Registration and Cancellation Policy
Early-bird registrations are due by July 30th 2000, payable to the
conference organizers Royalindo, in Jakarta (address and payment details
below).  Royalindo advise that refunds for cancelled registrations will be
made according to the following schedule:
Date of cancellation of registration	Amount of Refund
Before July 30th 2000			100%
August 1st -  September 30th		90%
October 1st - 15th				50%
After October 15th				0%
Field trips
At the initiative of Dr Mark Erdmann, additional  pre- and post-symposium
scientific field trips on live-aboard dive boats are being investigated.
Please watch this space and 3rd Circular for further details.
Cheaper accommodation
Cheaper accommodations are being investigated and will be announced  here
and in the 3rd Circular.
Dr Terry Done
Leader Sustaining Coral Reefs Project
Australian Institute of Marine Science
PMB #3 Mail Centre,
Townsville Qld          4810
Australia
Phone 61 7 47 534 344
Fax   61 7 47 725 852
email: tdone@aims.gov.au
WEBSITE for 9th International Coral Reef Symposium
www.nova.edu/ocean/9icrs
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Dec  8 12:50:35 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA06333 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 12:50:35 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA11218; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 12:56:38 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma011189; Wed, 8 Dec 99 12:56:25 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 12:52:44 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA76095; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 16:26:26 GMT
Received: from mail.rivnet.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA76117; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 11:26:15 -0500 (EST)
Received: from [205.130.32.236] (unverified [205.130.32.236]) by mail.rivnet.net
 (EMWAC SMTPRS 0.83) with SMTP id <B0000611323@mail.rivnet.net>;
 Wed, 08 Dec 1999 11:31:05 -0500
Message-Id: <B0000611323@mail.rivnet.net>
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express for Macintosh - 4.01 (297)
Date: Wed, 08 Dec 1999 11:26:47 -0500
Subject: Vieques: a more balanced news account from the Associated Press
From: "Judith Lang & Lynton Land" <JandL@rivnet.net>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Mime-version: 1.0
X-Priority: 3
Content-type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII"
Content-transfer-encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Judith Lang & Lynton Land" <JandL@rivnet.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 793
Hello everyone,
Here's a more balanced news account from the Associated Press.
Note the concluding remarks about alternate use of Elgin Airforce Base in
Florida for air-to-ground bombing runs and of beaches in North Carolina for
amphibious assaults.
Judy Lang
Clinton ends military use of Vieques unless residents agree
By ROBERT BURNS
AP Military Writer
WASHINGTON (AP) - President Clinton today ordered the
military to stop using a Puerto Rican island as a live-bombing range unless
residents there allow the practice to continue, and to phase out all use of
the island for military training over the next five years. Emphasizing the
importance of the island to military readiness, the Clinton administration
dangled a $40 million incentive to try to persuade Vieques' 9,000 civilians,
who
are U.S. citizens, to let the training continue. "I understand the
longstanding
concerns of residents of the island," Clinton said in a statement that also
stressed the importance of military training carried out at Vieques since
1941.
"These concerns must be addressed, and I believe our plan will do so in a
constructive manner," said Clinton, whose decision was based on the
recommendations of Defense Secretary William Cohen. However, Puerto Rico
Gov.
Pedro Rossello rejected the decision as "unacceptable for the people of
Puerto
Rico and the people of Vieques." "It doesn't fulfill the expectations we
have
for the people of Vieques," he said, objecting to any possible renewal of
live-bombing on the island. Rossello has called for the Navy to withdraw.
The
Navy operations have been a target of occasional protests and legal actions
since the 1960s, but the controversy erupted into a crisis after a civilian
security guard was killed last April. The Navy then suspended training on
Vieques but has sought a way to resume it as soon as possible. The Navy has
argued that the island was irreplaceable in preparing U.S. forces for
combined
land, sea and air operations on the Atlantic side of the world. The island,
which has been a key training ground for the ships and aircraft of the
Navy's
Atlantic Fleet since World War II, offers "the most rigorous, realistic
training" facility available, Navy Secretary Richard Danzig said. In a
letter to
Clinton outlining his recommendation on Vieques, Cohen said operations there
are
"a vital part of training our combat forces." "I also firmly believe that
all
U.S. citizens, whether they live in states or other jurisdictions, must make
sacrifices in order to support the strong national defense that preserves
the
freedoms we all enjoy," Cohen wrote. "There is not a single part of our
country
that doesn't make some adjustments or accommodations to sustain the presence
of
the military." Under the administration's plan, the number of training days
would immediately be cut in half from 180 to 90 per year. "Within the five
years, the Navy will develop alternatives to the training, and all training
will
terminate unless agreed to by the Vieques people and the Navy," Danzig
said. A resumption of training "would be accompanied by" a $40 million
community economic development program, he said. Early reports of the
decision sparked a celebration among protesters on Vieques, some of whom
have camped on the beach for nearly six months. "If this is true, then it's
a triumph of the people," said Ismael Guadelupe, a local fisherman who is
among the protest leaders. "But the triumph will be complete when they turn
over all the lands, clean up the contamination and compensate the people of
Vieques for all their years of suffering." The first military force affected
by
the decision, the USS Eisenhower battle group, was being sent to the
Mediterranean without training on Vieques. Danzig said other battle groups
also
would be affected until training can resume on the island. The Marines with
the
Eisenhower, instead of using Vieques, will conduct an amphibious assault on
the
North Carolina coast, and Navy strike aircraft will conduct air-to-ground
bombing runs at Eglin Air Force Base, Fla., officials said earlier. The
recommendation means the Eisenhower battle group likely would deploy to the
Mediterranean Sea in February at a substantially reduced state of combat
readiness, several officials said. The Navy has felt strongly that its
carrier
battle groups must be allowed the realistic training that Vieques provided
to be
ready for combat, since they may be called on to begin actual combat once
they
arrive on station. Navy officials had insisted that Vieques is the only
Atlantic
Coast site available for such training.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Dec  8 12:52:44 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA06496 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 12:52:42 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA11504; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 12:58:44 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma011446; Wed, 8 Dec 99 12:57:58 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 12:54:21 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA78564; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 16:48:44 GMT
Message-Id: <199912081648.QAA78564@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Wed, 08 Dec 1999 11:56:46 -0400
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Karyn & Michael Allard <allard@candw.lc>
Subject: buffer zones between fishing priority areas & marine reserves
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Karyn & Michael Allard <allard@candw.lc>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 794
Hello:
I am chairman of St. Lucia's diving association and run Scuba St. Lucia
here in St. Lucia. We are having another boundary dispute with fishermen.
A key element of where to place the boundary is allowing enough of a
non-reef buffer zone between the area where fish are taken and the coral
reefs.
Does anyone have any valid information from scientific studies which seem
to indicate minimum distances between the 2 areas?
If so, would you please forward any pertinent information to me at the
above address?
Thank you for your help.
Michael Allard
reefman@candw.lc
758 459 7851 fax
758 459 7755 phone
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Dec  8 13:06:01 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA08132 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 13:06:00 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA13462; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 13:15:18 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma013432; Wed, 8 Dec 99 13:15:13 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 13:11:36 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA78562; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 16:51:32 GMT
Received: from imo26.mx.aol.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id LAA78382; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 11:51:27 -0500 (EST)
From: Oceanwatch@aol.com
Received: from Oceanwatch@aol.com
	by imo26.mx.aol.com (mail_out_v24.6.) id b.0.c91f7723 (5739)
	 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 11:51:16 -0500 (EST)
Message-Id: <0.c91f7723.257fe683@aol.com>
Date: Wed, 8 Dec 1999 11:51:15 EST
Subject: Vieques Article, New York Times
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Mailer: AOL 4.0 for Windows 95 sub 228
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Oceanwatch@aol.com
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 795
Dear Coral Listers
FYI, this article (copy below) appeared last Sunday in the NY Times.  It says
Vieques has been debated in PR for at least 28 years, but the vehemence of
current Navy opposition is apparent in all three factions--the
pro-commonwealth, pro-statehood and pro-independence forces--all agree that
the Navy must get out.  That's the driving force.  Sustainability should be a
priority but to do that you have to push the ecological priorities from the
local political level.
regards
Cliff McCreedy
><((;>   ><((;>   ><((;>
Oceanwatch
2101 Wilson Boulevard
Suite 900
Arlington, VA  22201
phone 703-351-7444
fax 703-351-7472
e-mail:  Oceanwatch@aol.com
http://www.enviroweb.org/oceanwatch
New York Times
December 5, 1999, Sunday
National Desk
Puerto Ricans Gain Ear of Washington But Seek Far More
By FRANCIS X. CLINES
Again and again across the decades, the United States marines have stormed
ashore here on Yellow Beach in a full rain of firepower and won the vital
mock battleground that has been made of the eastern third of this small, lush
island.
But not now, and not ever again, according to the resolve of Senator Ruben
Berrios Martinez, the Puerto Rican lawmaker and Independence Party leader who
holds the political high ground with a mere pamphleteer's firepower.
In seven months of peaceful uprising set off by the death of a civilian in a
wayward bombing run, the senator has led dozens of angry squatters in
blocking beachfronts of the amphibious training ground for the United States
Navy's Atlantic fleet.
The squatters have managed to turn ground zero in the Navy's practice wars
into a looming bastion of nationalism in Puerto Rico's long struggle for
definition in the shadow of the United States.
''It will be a cumulative triumph,'' Mr. Berrios predicted today as he warily
patrolled the pristine sands of Yellow Beach and rejected the latest
compromise offer by the Clinton administration to gradually return the
shell-pocked island to the full control of its 9,300 residents.
''But now we are on their radar screen and all this is a big triumph in the
struggle for decolonialization,'' Mr. Berrios said, acknowledging that he was
as much amazed as determined in having achieved the full and urgent attention
of Washington.
This realization of the simmering political power of Puerto Ricans in finally
being heeded at the highest levels after centuries of colonial subservience
is being celebrated heartily across the main island of Puerto Rico, eight
miles to the west, as much as here on this verdant sliver that the Navy has
used as it pleased since World War II.
''Navy Out!'' signs dot the rich kaleidoscopic scene of San Juan as Gov.
Pedro J. Rossello and other Puerto Rican political leaders across the
spectrum echo the firmness of Mr. Berrios, the San Juan politician who first
chose the path of civil disobedience. Now, he and his fellow squatters can
grin in their storm-tattered tents at the fact that while he was quickly
arrested and roundly condemned by the Puerto Rican Legislature when he took a
similar protest course 28 years ago, his action this time was avidly blessed
by the Legislature as a legitimate and necessary function of lawmaking.
In 1971, Mr. Berrios lasted only five days before being imprisoned for three
months. ''And now, seven months on the beach is a small kind of victory,'' he
said in an interview, citing an array of changed circumstances. These include
the vast tide of Spanish Americans now inheriting political power across the
United States, he noted, and a growing international realization that if
Washington can creatively help Britain clean up its colonial baggage in
Northern Ireland, why should it not see as well to the lingering grievances
of Puerto Rico in its own sphere.
This point was brought home to many Puerto Ricans last month when the leading
European heads of state voted as members of the Socialist International not
only to support the Vieques cause but also to choose Senator Berrios as its
president.
Surveying his wind-whipped camp at the foot of the Navy's Vieques observation
post, the senator insisted that the simple scene of resistance had the power
to revive the independence cause, a minuscule movement eclipsed in the four
decades since Puerto Rico became a commonwealth of the United States, a
status that Puerto Rican voters have favored repeatedly in plebiscites.
''This is a metaphor, a prelude of what is going to happen in Puerto Rico as
a whole soon,'' Mr. Berrios said. ''Because the United States cannot live
with a remnant of 19th-century empire like Puerto Rico. It's not being true
to its history nor its future.''
The resistance campsites have been growing along with the visits to Vieques
by institutional leaders hurrying to catch up with an issue that polls show
is engrossing a large part of the Puerto Rican population. It is one of the
few issues on which Puerto Ricans of all political persuasions --
pro-commonwealth, pro-statehood and pro-independence -- seem to be united.
This week the Roman Catholic hierarchy signaled its own show of force,
issuing parish appeals for solidarity behind Vieques even as a Navy battle
group led by the aircraft carrier Eisenhower retreated from the training
grounds under orders from Washington.
Another Vieques squatter, Fernando Martin , a law professor at the University
of Puerto Rico who is vice president of the Independence Party, exulted,
''The issue of this little island has taken more of President Clinton's time
and, I dare say, anxiety than the whole Puerto Rican issue has received from
all the presidents from McKinley up to now.''
President Clinton's latest proposal, to return Vieques to local control
within five years, repair the 52-square-mile island with $40 million in aid
and have the Navy fire only ''inert'' ammunition, not live salvos, was
rejected by Puerto Rican political leaders as inadequate. Inert rounds would
rain down with all the power of ''inert'' lead bullet heads, islanders
warned.
''It is another trick,'' a fisherman muttered here in Esperanza village amid
the usual daily catch of rumors and speculation on the will of Washington.
''Clinton is lulling us so they can sneak in federal agents to arrest the
squatters,'' the fisherman insisted at the dockside before setting out for
the protest camps on the circuitous choppy water route around the Marines'
land sentinels.
At critical turnings along the southeast coast, squatters waved at the
passing boat from huts jerry-built from wooden Navy target boards and other
detritus of the seven-month standoff. The news media of Puerto Rico, and
lately the world, course through the whitecaps to feed a story that has
seized the commonwealth.
''There is this overwhelming consensus throughout Puerto Rico that has never
existed before,'' said Robert Rabin, the director of Vieques's El Fortin
museum, which is rich in the history of five centuries of foreigners' claims
of empire in Puerto Rico. ''This is a historic moment for Puerto Rico,'' Mr.
Rabin said of the civil disobedience galvanized by the once unthinkable
notion of resisting the claims of the United States war machine. ''Hundreds
of people across the spectrum -- fishermen, housewives, schoolteachers,
political leaders -- are united by an issue for the first time.''
Various Pentagon officials have insisted that the Vieques war-games theater
cannot be duplicated elsewhere and its loss would result in substandard
training for American forces. But Mr. Berrios, 60, a scholar in international
law who was educated at Harvard and Oxford Universities and Georgetown Law
School, cites arguments to the contrary from authorities like Senator Daniel
Patrick Moynihan, the retiring New York Democrat who trained here as a young
sailor and was first fascinated by the power politics of Washington and San
Juan. Mr. Berrios even cites the marginal note of sympathy for Vieques from
Mr. Clinton, disclosed by the White House in response to a letter from Mr.
Berrios. ''This is wrong,'' Mr. Clinton jotted in describing the ''colonial
commonwealth'' status of the island.
Here on Yellow Beach, with the guns safely silenced, Mr. Berrios clings to
that jotting more than to the latest formal proposal in the administration's
effort to solve this onetime backwater problem that now occupies radar
screens far beyond the Navy's beachfront post.
''Are the planets in alignment?'' Mr. Berrios wondered with a big smile. He
questioned whether Mr. Clinton would stand by his personal inclination in the
face of Navy complaints and resistance. ''If they agree to leave with not one
more bomb to fall, we win,'' Mr. Berrios said, snug in his protest camp. ''If
they arrest us, they lose.''
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Dec  8 19:36:41 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id TAA20425 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 19:36:41 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA04760; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 19:45:59 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma004747; Wed, 8 Dec 99 19:45:57 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 19:42:06 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id WAA66173; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 22:55:34 GMT
Received: from fw1ro7.r1.fws.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA80952; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 17:55:18 -0500 (EST)
From: Jim_Maragos@r1.fws.gov
Received: by fw1ro7.r1.fws.gov(Lotus SMTP MTA v4.6.4  (830.2 3-23-1999))  id 88256841.007DD464 ; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 14:54:23 -0800
X-Lotus-FromDomain: FWS
To: Les Kaufman <lesk@bio.bu.edu>
cc: Doug Fenner <d.fenner@aims.gov.au>, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Message-Id: <88256841.007DD234.00@fw1ro7.r1.fws.gov>
Date: Wed, 8 Dec 1999 12:44:43 -0800
Subject: Re[2]: Re[2]: Could bombing benefit Vieques reefs?
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: inline
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jim_Maragos@r1.fws.gov
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 796
     Les,
     Thank you for your thoughts, but I feel there may still be some possible
     misconceptions regarding the recent military history at Johnston Atoll, and
     the military's impact on its coral reefs.  Besides serving as an example of
     positive contemporary military stewardship, the early military presence at
     Johnston should also serve as a lesson on how NOT to manage an important
     coral reef, one that was already established as a protected area, BEFORE
     military involvement. First, let me review the history of the atoll as a
     means of explaining my points.
     The atoll was discovered by American ships in 1796 and 1807 and at the time
     it appeared to have never been inhabited.  In 1856, the U.S. claimed the
     atoll under provisions of the Guano Act, and guano was removed by an
     American company over the next 50 years.  In 1922 the atoll was visited by
     the Biological Survey of the Department of Agriculture and the Bishop
     Museum of Hawaii.  As a result of the scientific studies, in 1926 Johnston
     was first established by Executive Order 4467 for use by the Department of
     Agriculture as a refuge and breeding ground for native birds.  Years later
     Johnston and other similarly designated U.S. islands were established as
     National Wildlife Refuges under the administration of the U.S. Fish and
     Wildlife Service.
     With the threat of war on the distant horizon, Executive Order 6935 in 1934
     placed Johnston Atoll under the administration of the U.S. Navy, but
     retaining earlier provisions for the Refuge.  Jurisdictional
     responsibilities over the atoll were clarified in 1976 when the U.S. Fish
     and Wildlife and the Defense Nuclear Agengy signed a Memorandum of
     Agreement granting the Service jurisdictionand responsibility over the
     atoll's natural resources.  By recent agreement with the base commander,
     the extent of Refuge jurisdiction has been extended to include all waters
     within 3 nautical miles of emergent land and all coral reefs exposed at low
     tide.  Commercial fishing is not allowed in the refuge.
     In 1936 the Navy developed a seaplane base and later an airstrip and
     refueling facility.  In 1941 Executive Order 8682 established a Naval
     Defensive Sea and Airspace Reservation around Johnston and other nearby
     U.S. atolls.  The original atoll was extensively modified by dredging ship
     channels and seaplane landing areas and constructing new islands and
     enlarging existing islands.  Over the years the dredging and filling
     operations destroyed 400 hectares of coral reefs and damaged an additional
     2,800 hectares due to sedimentation from military cutterhead dredging
     operations.  Coral recovery has been noticeable but only along the
     submerged faces of the channels and basin.  No recovery has occurred on
     reefs converted to land and very little recovery has occurred on the deep
     sandy floor of the dredged channels and basin.  At best only 10% of the
     originally damaged reefs have recovered.
     After the Vietnam War, thousands of drums of the defoliant Agent Orange
     were stacked along both sides of the jointly used military and commercial
     runway for many years.  This was probably the worst place in the world to
     be storing the agent, and the rusting drums released unknown quantities of
     hazardous and toxic chemicals into the groundwater, and by extension onto
     adjacent reefs.  Subsequent chemical testing has revealed extensive dioxin
     contamination of groundwater and soils.  Eventually the specially designed
     incinerator ship Vulcanus was contracted to remove the drums and incinerate
     the agent in the open sea.  I'm not sure about the present state of dioxin
     contamination.
     During the late 1950s and until 1962, high altitude nuclear testing was
     carried out at Johnston, and in 1962 three rockets accidentally exploded on
     or above Johnston Island, scatttering plutonium particles over an area of
     several square miles.  The 1975 cleanup collected most of the contaminated
     soils on land and then stockpiled them in a 43-acre fenced area which I
     believe remains to this day. There may have been subsequent projects to
     remove the contaminants.  Adjacent reefs may still be contaminated with
     plutonium and I'm not sure whether land areas outside the fenced enclosure
     are still exposed to low level radiation.  Plutonium has a "half-life" of
     about 29,000 years.
     In 1970 U.S. Army chemical munitions (explosively configured nerve and
     mustard agents) in Okinawa were transported to Johnston atoll with many
     stored in aluminum warehousing near the shoreline subject to salt air and
     tropical, humid conditions.  Again from an environmental standpoint, a
     worst place in the world could not have been chosen, and it should come as
     no surprise that many of these munitions began to deteriorate and leak
     before they were later moved into underground igloos.  The rapid
     deterioration of these munitions was the principal reason for establishing
     JACADS (Johnston Atoll Chemical Agent Disposal System), the first of a
     specially designed incinerator to destroy the munitions on a large scale
     basis.  Later in 1990, despite protests from many Pacific island nations,
     the U.S. also agreed to transport additional chemical munitions halfway
     around the world from Germany to Johnston to be destroyed.  After all
     munitions are destroyed, JACADS is to be dismantled and the atoll
     relinquished to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
     Since the late 1970s, the military has steadily improved their capacity to
     minimize damage to the atoll's natural resources.  They have worked closely
     with other on-site conservation agencies and have funded important
     environmental research and long range monitoring, including marine life and
     seabirds.  However, they do this in part because they are required by law
     to do so and in part because many others are looking over their shoulders,
     or in the case of the Service, working side-by-side them.
     However, the track record of the military before the mid 1970s at Johnston
     leaves much to be desired, as can be surmised from above.  Notwithstanding
     the excellent degree of cooperation and stewardship now over natural
     resources, it does not cancel out the thousands of hectares of reef areas
     that were destroyed and which will not recover.  Furthermore, much of the
     damage could have been avoided with the imposition of reasonable
     precautions.  Nor can it compensate for the unreasonable exposure of
     radionuclides, nerve agents and chemical defoliants to the atoll's
     ecosystem and inhabitants.  Indeed it is fortunate that much of the reef at
     Johnston is pristine and spectacular, but this is not due exemplary
     military planning.  It is due to the fact that these reef areas were
     probably always in excellent condition and were out of "harms way" during
     the massive military dredging and filling of the early 1960's.
     So what lessons can be learned, wither the reefs of Vieques?   I'd say that
     shared responsibility over the reefs is a must.  The military should be
     involved in order to assess and implement resoration actions and fund long
     range monitoring and cleanup programs, just as they are doing at Johnston.
     However, they should also be working, if not sponsoring, the activites of
     management and conservation agencies which have responsibilities over the
     coral reefs and other natural resources.  Some experienced environmental
     attorneys should also review the actions of the military at Vieques to
     determine whether they are in compliance with international environmental
     conventions and several U.S. environmental laws, including the National
     Environmental Policy Act, the Endangered Species Act, the Clean Water Act,
     the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, Coastal Zone Management Act,
     Superfund Act, other federal acts, the new Executive Order protecting coral
     reefs, and applicable Puerto Rican statutes.  If not in compliance, then
     the responsible parties can be compelled to do so, including the cessation
     of bombing and other damaging actions until corrective actions are taken.
     I make these observations as someone completely unfamiliar with the Vieques
     situation, and hopefully actions are already underway that will lead to a
     sustainable and reasonable future for the reefs of Vieques.
     James Maragos
     ____________________Reply Separator____________________
     Subject:  Re: Re[2]: Could bombing benefit Vieques reefs?
     Author:   Les Kaufman <lesk@bio.bu.edu>
     Date:          12/8/99 5:52 AM
Additional Header Information:
Received: from bio.bu.edu ([128.197.80.4]) by fw1ro8.r1.fws.gov (Lotus SMTP MTA
v4.6.4  (830.2 3-23-1999)) with SMTP id 88256841.004C3A30; Wed, 8 Dec 1999
05:52:36 -0800
Received: from localhost (lesk@localhost)
     by bio.bu.edu ((8.9.3.buoit.v1.0)/8.9.3/(BU-S-10/28/1999-v1.0pre2)) with
SMTP id IAA03990;
     Wed, 8 Dec 1999 08:52:26 -0500 (EST)
Date: Wed, 8 Dec 1999 08:52:25 -0500 (EST)
From: Les Kaufman <lesk@bio.bu.edu>
To: Jim_Maragos@r1.fws.gov
cc: Doug Fenner <d.fenner@aims.gov.au>, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Re[2]: Could bombing benefit Vieques reefs?
In-Reply-To: <199912081222.MAA76524@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Message-ID: <Pine.SOL.3.96.991208084443.3504D-100000@bio.bu.edu>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
---------------------------------
I want to thank Jim for the clarifications regarding Johnston Atoll vs.
Vieques, though I am a bit horrified that anything I said could have been
misconstrued as having implied that Johnston had been cratered.  I must
have been too subtle.  My point was only thata history of  military
jursidiction was not an entirely bad thing in all cases or in all ways.
It should be obvious that transition to long-term stewardship with
conservation in min and adequate resources to effect this goal, is the
desired situation.
I was also trying to DISPEL a notion that Johnston was a wasteland, an
impression that
might have been generated by existing misconceptions.  The Johnston atoll
reef is one of the most beautiful, interesting, and intact that I have
ever seen, and is a priceless observatory in which we can learn much about
coral reef ecology in an environment where we can also hope to seggregate
global from local signals.  All of this has nothing to do with the
military, and everything to do with recognizing the unique values
represented by the coral reef systems historically within military
reserves.
As for Vieques, these days ANY Caribbean reef under effective stewardship
is a priceless thing, especially if it holds hope of preserving intact
representatives of Atlantic acroporid assemblages, which have been greatly
reduced.
 Les Kaufman
Boston University Marine Program
Department of Biology
5 Cummington Street
Boston, MA 02215
lesk@bio.bu.edu
617-353-5560 office
617-353-6965 lab
617-353-6340 fax
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Dec  8 23:48:56 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id XAA23881 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 23:48:56 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id XAA09878; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 23:54:57 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma009862; Wed, 8 Dec 99 23:54:30 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 23:50:55 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id DAA82328; Thu, 9 Dec 1999 03:32:39 GMT
Received: from taro.poi.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id WAA79466; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 22:32:27 -0500 (EST)
Received: from bob (max2-30.poi.net [209.213.40.49])
	by taro.poi.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id RAA65529;
	Wed, 8 Dec 1999 17:28:20 -1000 (HST)
	(envelope-from bob@westpacfisheries.net)
Message-Id: <000801bf425a$b76c9660$3128d5d1@bob>
From: "Bob Endreson" <bob@westpacfisheries.net>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>, "Ellen Athas" <Ellen.Athas@ceq.gov>,
        "Sally J Yozell" <sally.j.yozell@hdq.noaa.gov>,
        <Tom.Hourigan@noaa.gov>, "Tim Johns" <homeboy@hula.net>,
        "Rod McInnis" <Rod.Mcinnis@noaa.gov>, "David Festa" <DFesta@doc.gov>,
        "Charles Karnella" <ckarnell@whsun1.wh.whoi.edu>,
        <bruce_babbitt@ios.doi.gov>,
        "\"Gary C. Matlock\"" <Gary.C.Matlock@noaa.gov>,
        <Penny.Dalton@noaa.gov>
Subject: Coral Reef Ecosystem Plan
Date: Thu, 9 Dec 1999 05:33:01 -1000
Organization: Western Pacific Fisheries Coalition
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0005_01BF4206.DBF58180"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2314.1300
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Bob Endreson" <bob@westpacfisheries.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 797
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_0005_01BF4206.DBF58180
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
We are very concerned that the Western Pacific Council is moving forward =
with public hearings in the coming weeks concerning the Coral Reef =
Ecosystem Plan. They are doing so even after the Council, NOAA and NMFS =
instructed that the staff hold joint Coral Reef Plan Team Meetings with =
the Advisory Panel.  However this was not done as only the chairman of =
both the AP and Plan team met with the Council staff, which is highly =
suspicious, knowing the history of what has transpired during the Plan =
Team and AP process.  Reports were altered without the approval of the =
Plan Team and AP members and then presented as their work.=20
The Plan Team was comprised of Coral Reef Experts, yet 95% of their =
recommendations were disregarded by the Council in lieu of less =
restrictive measures, which could impact EFH, as well as endangered and =
threatened species. Facts and observer information concerning fishermen =
using fire arms and bait to deter interactions with Monk Seals and =
dolphins in the North West Hawaiian Islands were not given consideration =
and the public perception is that the Council is once again violating =
NEPA and CEQ guidelines which state; "when several proposals =
for....related action that will have cumulative or synergistic =
environmental impact upon a region are pending concurrently before an =
agency, their environmental consequences must be considered together. =
(40 CFR Sec. 1508.18).
In part our concerns include, but are not limited to, recommendations in =
defining the scope of the bottomfish, lobster, pelagic and Seamount =
Groundfish FMPs and the Coral Reef Ecosystem FMP. In short we wish to =
stress the need that all plans be included in the Coral Reef Ecosystem =
FMP and not simply linked by existing FMPs. We further believe that they =
all need to be evaluated according to the CEQ Guidelines and provide a =
full and frank discussion of all the potential direct, indirect and =
cumulative impacts that the proposed Coral Reef Ecosystem FMP can have =
on the environment.
We therefore request that any public hearing be postponed until these =
and other concerns are addressed and this fast track that the Council is =
determined to put this plan on be stopped.
Bob Endreson
------=_NextPart_000_0005_01BF4206.DBF58180
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D"MSHTML 5.00.2314.1000" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV>
<P>We are very concerned that the Western Pacific Council is moving =
forward with=20
public hearings in the coming weeks concerning the Coral Reef Ecosystem =
Plan.=20
They are doing so even after the Council, NOAA and NMFS instructed that =
the=20
staff hold joint Coral Reef Plan Team Meetings with the Advisory =
Panel.&nbsp;=20
However this was not done as only the chairman of both the AP and Plan =
team met=20
with the Council staff, which&nbsp;is&nbsp;highly suspicious, knowing =
the=20
history of what has transpired during the Plan Team and AP =
process.&nbsp;=20
Reports were altered without the approval of the Plan Team and AP =
members and=20
then presented as their work. </P>
<P>The Plan Team was comprised of Coral Reef Experts, yet 95% of their=20
recommendations were disregarded by the Council in lieu of less =
restrictive=20
measures, which could impact EFH, as well as endangered and threatened =
species.=20
Facts and observer information concerning fishermen using fire arms and =
bait to=20
deter interactions with Monk Seals and dolphins in the North West =
Hawaiian=20
Islands were not given consideration and the public perception is that =
the=20
Council is once again violating NEPA and CEQ guidelines which state; =
"when=20
several proposals for....related action that will have cumulative or =
synergistic=20
environmental impact upon a region are pending concurrently before an =
agency,=20
their environmental consequences must be considered together. (40 CFR =
Sec.=20
1508.18).</P>
<P><FONT face=3D"Times New">In part our concerns include, but are not =
limited to,=20
recommendations in defining the scope of the bottomfish, lobster, =
pelagic and=20
Seamount Groundfish FMPs and the Coral Reef Ecosystem FMP. In short we =
wish to=20
stress the need that all plans be included in the Coral Reef Ecosystem =
FMP and=20
not simply linked by existing FMPs. We further believe that they all =
need to be=20
evaluated according to the CEQ Guidelines and provide a full and frank=20
discussion of all the potential direct, indirect and cumulative impacts =
that the=20
proposed Coral Reef Ecosystem FMP can have on the =
environment.</P></FONT>
<P><FONT size=3D4><STRONG>We therefore request that any public hearing =
be=20
postponed until these and other concerns are addressed and this fast =
track that=20
the Council is determined to put this plan on be =
stopped.</STRONG></FONT></P>
<P>Bob Endreson</P></DIV></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_000_0005_01BF4206.DBF58180--
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Dec  9 09:34:14 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA02433 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 9 Dec 1999 09:34:13 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA02984; Thu, 9 Dec 1999 09:43:30 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma002817; Thu, 9 Dec 99 09:42:30 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 9 Dec 1999 09:38:55 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA85695; Thu, 9 Dec 1999 13:06:27 GMT
Date: Thu, 9 Dec 1999 13:06:27 GMT
Message-Id: <199912091306.NAA85695@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: coral-list administrator <jch@aoml.noaa.gov>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Posting of copyrighted material
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: coral-list administrator <jch@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 798
It has come to my attention (by an author) that the posting to coral-list
of copyrighted material may not consitute "fair use" of the material, and
may in fact result in financial harm to the originating news agency.  I
would therefore like to request that coral-list subscribers NOT post
verbatim news articles published at other sites.  If the story has a URL
at that new agency, then (at least tentatively, until I hear to the
contrary), I would like to ask that you just post the URL to the list, if
you feel it is noteworthy.
I am sure you will all appreciate the reasoning behind this requirement.
	Cheers,
	Jim Hendee
	coral-list administrator
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Dec  9 13:21:35 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA11172 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 9 Dec 1999 13:21:34 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA05122; Thu, 9 Dec 1999 13:27:35 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma005013; Thu, 9 Dec 99 13:27:10 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 9 Dec 1999 13:23:53 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA87462; Thu, 9 Dec 1999 17:02:45 GMT
Received: from mail.rivnet.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA87762; Thu, 9 Dec 1999 12:02:32 -0500 (EST)
Received: from [205.130.32.201] (unverified [205.130.32.201]) by mail.rivnet.net
 (EMWAC SMTPRS 0.83) with SMTP id <B0000621706@mail.rivnet.net>;
 Thu, 09 Dec 1999 12:05:37 -0500
Message-Id: <B0000621706@mail.rivnet.net>
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express for Macintosh - 4.01 (297)
Date: Thu, 09 Dec 1999 12:01:53 -0500
Subject: Personal apologies to the Associated Press
From: "Judith Lang & Lynton Land" <JandL@rivnet.net>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Mime-version: 1.0
X-Priority: 3
Content-type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII"
Content-transfer-encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Judith Lang & Lynton Land" <JandL@rivnet.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 799
As one of the guilty ones who yesterday passed along an article about the
Vieques situation, rather than the URL (which I didn't have), I would like
to render my apologies to Robert Burns and the Associated Press.
Might I also encourage Coral Listers who are journalists to let us know when
their articles have been posted and, on behalf of those amongst us whose
access to URL sites is restricted by finances or technology, to share with
the list the essence of what they wrote?
Sincerely,
Judy Lang
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Dec  9 15:31:31 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <SReifsteck@pop.net>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA16532; Thu, 9 Dec 1999 15:31:29 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA24497; Thu, 9 Dec 1999 15:40:46 -0500
Received: from wodc7mr3.ffx.ops.us.uu.net(192.48.96.19) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma024462; Thu, 9 Dec 99 15:40:18 -0500
Received: from [63.72.68.77] by wodc7mr3.ffx.ops.us.uu.net with ESMTP
	(peer crosschecked as: [63.72.68.77])
	id QQhsww21072;
	Thu, 9 Dec 1999 20:34:45 GMT
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="============_-1267350411==_ma============"
X-Sender: mail163111@mail163111.popserver.pop.net
Message-Id: <v04011701b475c39cb764@[63.72.68.77]>
Date: Thu, 9 Dec 1999 12:41:12 -0800
To: hendee@aoml.noaa.gov, owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov,
        coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
From: Shawn Reifsteck <SReifsteck@pop.net>
Subject: Job Announcements for The Coral Reef Alliance
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 800
--============_-1267350411==_ma============
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Dear CORAL list serve:
The Coral Reef Alliance (CORAL) is posting the following five job
announcments today.  If you are interested, please see below or check out
our website at www.coral.org.
Thank you.
Director of Conservation Education
Nonprofit coral reef conservation group seeks director for global public
education program.  Responsibilities include coordinating the design and
distribution of educational and publicity materials, and supervising
employees and contractors.
Candidate must have at least three years experience in managing public
awareness projects and supervising others, and extensive knowledge of coral
reef ecology and conservation.  Strong writing and presentation skills
required, as well as experience with Internet, radio, television and other
media outlets.
Competitive salary and generous benefits.  Send letter/resume/references
(no calls) to: CORAL, 2014 Shattuck Avenue, Berkeley, CA  94704;  Fax:
510-848-3720; email: jobs@coral.org.  Website: www.coral.org
Assistant Program Director  - Coral Reef Parks
Nonprofit coral reef conservation group seeks Assistant Director for
program to strengthen management of coral reef parks and protected areas in
the Western Pacific.  Responsibilities include helping create training
materials, and assisting dive resorts, local communities and government
agencies with reef protection projects.
Candidate should have a Masters Degree in Coastal Resource Management or
equivalent experience.  Field work with marine protected areas in Western
Pacific countries a strong plus.  Scuba diving experience very useful.
Should have strong interpersonal skills and ability to work with both the
public and private sector.  Some travel required/ based in Berkeley,
California.
Competitive salary and generous benefits.  Send letter/resume/references
(no calls) to:  CORAL, 2014 Shattuck Avenue, Berkeley, CA  94704;  Fax:
510-848-3720; email: jobs@coral.org.  Website: www.coral.org
CORAL Science Fellowship
The Coral Reef Alliance (CORAL), a nonprofit conservation group based in
Berkeley, California, is offering a one-year fellowship for a scientist
seeking to use his/her skills to further coral reef conservation.
Responsibilities include reviewing existing educational and conservation
materials for scientific accuracy and helping to develop new materials
based on recent discoveries.
Candidate must have a Masters or Ph.D. in coral reef ecology/biology or
related field, a broad knowledge of coral reef conservation issues, strong
writing skills and the ability to communicate effectively about coral reefs
with non-scientists.
Annual stipend and full benefits.  Send letter/resume/references (no calls)
to:  CORAL, 2014 Shattuck Avenue, Berkeley, CA  94704;  Fax: 510-848-3720;
email: jobs@coral.org.  Website: www.coral.org
Earth Day 2000 Public Awareness Coordinator
Temporary position to coordinate activities of several hundred dive and
conservation groups worldwide participating in the "Dive In to Earth Day"
program on April 22, 2000.
Candidates must have three years training/experience in media relations,
coordinating international projects, designing and distributing educational
and publicity materials.
Experience working with the dive industry strongly preferred.  Some travel
possible.
Six-month position, begins immediately.  Competitive salary.  Send
letter/resume/references (no calls) to: CORAL, 2014 Shattuck Avenue,
Berkeley, CA  94704; Fax: 510-848-3720; email: jobs@coral.org.  Website:
www.coral.org
Associate Director
Nonprofit coral reef conservation group seeks Associate Director.
Responsibilities include staff supervision, financial management, Board of
Directors coordination, major donor cultivation, event management, internal
communications, general office management, and serve as chief operating
officer when Executive Director is not available.
Candidate must have at least three years management experience (nonprofit
management preferred), excellent interpersonal skills, and ability to
handle multiple tasks simultaneously.  Background or familiarity with coral
reef ecology/biology and scuba diving experience preferred.
Competitive salary and generous benefits.  Send letter/resume/references
(no calls) to: CORAL, 2014 Shattuck Avenue, Berkeley, CA  94704;  Fax:
510-848-3720; email: jobs@coral.org.  Website: www.coral.org
Shawn Reifsteck
Managing Director
The Coral Reef Alliance
2014 Shattuck Ave.
Berkeley, CA  94704
Phone:  510-848-0110
=46ax:  510-848-3720
Email:  SReifsteck@coral.org
Website:  www.coral.org
Working Together To Keep Coral Reefs Alive
--============_-1267350411==_ma============
Content-Type: text/enriched; charset="us-ascii"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Dear CORAL list serve:
The Coral Reef Alliance (CORAL) is posting the following five job
announcments today.  If you are interested, please see below or check
out our website at www.coral.org.
Thank you.
<bold><fontfamily><param>Palatino</param><bigger><bigger>Director of
Conservation Education=20
</bigger></bigger></fontfamily></bold><fontfamily><param>Palatino</param><bi=
gger><bigger>Nonprofit
coral reef conservation group seeks director for global public
education program.  Responsibilities include coordinating the design
and distribution of educational and publicity materials, and
supervising employees and contractors.
Candidate must have at least three years experience in managing public
awareness projects and supervising others, and extensive knowledge of
coral reef ecology and conservation.  Strong writing and presentation
skills required, as well as experience with Internet, radio, television
and other media outlets.=20
Competitive salary and generous benefits.  Send
letter/resume/references (no calls) to: CORAL, 2014 Shattuck Avenue,
Berkeley, CA  94704;  Fax: 510-848-3720; email:
</bigger></bigger></fontfamily><bigger><bigger><underline><fontfamily><param=
>New_York</param><color><param>0000,0000,00FF</param>jobs@coral.org</color><=
/fontfamily></underline><fontfamily><param>Palatino</param>.
 Website: www.coral.org
<bold>Assistant Program Director  - Coral Reef Parks
</bold>Nonprofit coral reef conservation group seeks Assistant Director
for program to strengthen management of coral reef parks and protected
areas in the Western Pacific.  Responsibilities include helping create
training materials, and assisting dive resorts, local communities and
government agencies with reef protection projects. =20
Candidate should have a Masters Degree in Coastal Resource Management
or equivalent experience.  Field work with marine protected areas in
Western Pacific countries a strong plus.  Scuba diving experience very
useful.  Should have strong interpersonal skills and ability to work
with both the public and private sector.  Some travel required/ based
in Berkeley, California.
Competitive salary and generous benefits.  Send
letter/resume/references (no calls) to:  CORAL, 2014 Shattuck Avenue,
Berkeley, CA  94704;  Fax: 510-848-3720; email:
</fontfamily><underline><fontfamily><param>New_York</param><color><param>000=
0,0000,00FF</param>jobs@coral.org</color></fontfamily></underline><fontfamil=
y><param>Palatino</param>.
 Website:
</fontfamily><underline><fontfamily><param>New_York</param><color><param>000=
0,0000,00FF</param>www.coral.org
</color></fontfamily></underline><bold><fontfamily><param>Palatino</param>CO=
RAL
Science Fellowship
</fontfamily></bold><fontfamily><param>Palatino</param>The Coral Reef
Alliance (CORAL), a nonprofit conservation group based in Berkeley,
California, is offering a one-year fellowship for a scientist seeking
to use his/her skills to further coral reef conservation.=20
Responsibilities include reviewing existing educational and
conservation materials for scientific accuracy and helping to develop
new materials based on recent discoveries.=20
Candidate must have a Masters or Ph.D. in coral reef ecology/biology or
related field, a broad knowledge of coral reef conservation issues,
strong writing skills and the ability to communicate effectively about
coral reefs with non-scientists.=20
Annual stipend and full benefits.  Send letter/resume/references (no
calls) to:  CORAL, 2014 Shattuck Avenue, Berkeley, CA  94704;  Fax:
510-848-3720; email:
</fontfamily><underline><fontfamily><param>New_York</param><color><param>000=
0,0000,00FF</param>jobs@coral.org</color></fontfamily></underline><fontfamil=
y><param>Palatino</param>.
 Website: www.coral.org
<bold>Earth Day 2000 Public Awareness Coordinator=20
</bold>Temporary position to coordinate activities of several hundred
dive and conservation groups worldwide participating in the "Dive In to
Earth Day" program on April 22, 2000. =20
Candidates must have three years training/experience in media
relations, coordinating international projects, designing and
distributing educational and publicity materials.
Experience working with the dive industry strongly preferred.  Some
travel possible.
Six-month position, begins immediately.  Competitive salary.  Send
letter/resume/references (no calls) to: CORAL, 2014 Shattuck Avenue,
Berkeley, CA  94704; Fax: 510-848-3720; email:
</fontfamily><underline><fontfamily><param>New_York</param><color><param>000=
0,0000,00FF</param>jobs@coral.org</color></fontfamily></underline><fontfamil=
y><param>Palatino</param>.
 Website: www.coral.org
<bold>Associate Director
</bold>Nonprofit coral reef conservation group seeks Associate
Director.  Responsibilities include staff supervision, financial
management, Board of Directors coordination, major donor cultivation,
event management, internal communications, general office management,
and serve as chief operating officer when Executive Director is not
available.
Candidate must have at least three years management experience
(nonprofit management preferred), excellent interpersonal skills, and
ability to handle multiple tasks simultaneously.  Background or
familiarity with coral reef ecology/biology and scuba diving experience
preferred.=20
Competitive salary and generous benefits.  Send
letter/resume/references (no calls) to: CORAL, 2014 Shattuck Avenue,
Berkeley, CA  94704;  Fax: 510-848-3720; email:
</fontfamily><underline><fontfamily><param>New_York</param><color><param>000=
0,0000,00FF</param>jobs@coral.org</color></fontfamily></underline><fontfamil=
y><param>Palatino</param>.
 Website: www.coral.org
</fontfamily></bigger></bigger>
<fontfamily><param></param>Shawn Reifsteck
Managing Director
The Coral Reef Alliance
2014 Shattuck Ave.
Berkeley, CA  94704
Phone:  510-848-0110
=46ax:  510-848-3720
Email:  SReifsteck@coral.org
Website:  www.coral.org
<italic>Working Together To Keep Coral Reefs Alive</italic></fontfamily>
--============_-1267350411==_ma============--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Dec  9 20:50:28 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id UAA22703 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 9 Dec 1999 20:50:27 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA15932; Thu, 9 Dec 1999 20:59:45 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma015919; Thu, 9 Dec 99 20:58:54 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 9 Dec 1999 20:55:15 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id AAA90574; Fri, 10 Dec 1999 00:40:35 GMT
Received: from hotmail.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id TAA90834; Thu, 9 Dec 1999 19:40:28 -0500 (EST)
Received: (qmail 18596 invoked by uid 0); 10 Dec 1999 00:40:23 -0000
Message-Id: <19991210004023.18595.qmail@hotmail.com>
Received: from 202.159.75.168 by www.hotmail.com with HTTP;
	Thu, 09 Dec 1999 16:40:23 PST
X-Originating-IP: [202.159.75.168]
From: "Taufik Hizbul Haq" <yajari@hotmail.com>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Coral Farming?
Date: Thu, 09 Dec 1999 16:40:23 PST
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Taufik Hizbul Haq" <yajari@hotmail.com>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 801
dear coral lister,
We're looking for information about coral farming around South-east Asia.
We're trying to develop a simple method on that matter and we need some
input.
Juanita Mandagi
JARI Foundation
Lombok-Indonesia
______________________________________________________
Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Dec 10 06:21:55 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id GAA03951 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 10 Dec 1999 06:21:55 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id GAA04449; Fri, 10 Dec 1999 06:31:14 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma004415; Fri, 10 Dec 99 06:30:51 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 10 Dec 1999 06:27:31 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id KAA93150; Fri, 10 Dec 1999 10:04:00 GMT
Received: from md2.vsnl.net.in by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id FAA93147; Fri, 10 Dec 1999 05:00:13 -0500 (EST)
Received: from abc (bay-67.pppmad.vsnl.net.in [203.197.133.178] (may be forged))
	by md2.vsnl.net.in (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id PAA12608
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 10 Dec 1999 15:34:27 +0530 (IST)
Message-Id: <3850CDED.6D5E@md2.vsnl.net.in>
Date: Fri, 10 Dec 1999 15:24:53 +0530
From: "Dr.K.VENKATARAMAN" <dugong@md2.vsnl.net.in>
Organization: ZOOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA
X-Mailer: Mozilla 3.01Gold (Win95; I)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Description for identification of corals recorded in India
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Dr.K.VENKATARAMAN" <dugong@md2.vsnl.net.in>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 802
Dear coral listers,
Here with I am sending a list of coral species
which are reported from Indian waters but we could not find the
descriptions to identify.  If any one  can send me photocopy of the
papers in
which the descriptions are available or you may mail the description
itself coating the references which will be of great help to us. There
are a lot of new records that are to be identified by us. It is far from
complete due to want of literature. We will be happy if any one who can
help us in this regard.
Thanks very much,
Yours sincerely,
Dr.K.Venkataraman
Scientist-SE & Officer-in-Charge
Zoological Survey of India
Marine Biological Station
100 Santhome High Raod
Chennai - 600 028
India.
Phone : 91-044-4942680;4943191
Fax   : 91-044-4942680
e-mail: dugong@md2.vsnl.net.in
-------------------------------------
1. Montipora elschneri  Vaughan,1918
2. Montipora florida  Nemenzo
3. Montipora efflorescens
4. Acropora polymorpha (Brook,1891)
5. Acropora pulchra (Brook,1891)
6. Acropora syringodes (Brook,1891)
7. Acropora botryoides
8. Acropora rectina
9. Leptoseris fragilis Milne Edwards and Haime,1849
10. Siderastrea lilacea
11. Cycloseris hexagonalis Milne Edwards and Haime,1849
12. Cycloseris sinensis Milne Edwards and Haime,1849
13. Fungia corona Doderlein,1901
14. Fungia dentigera Leuckart,1841
15. Fungiacyathus symmetrica (Pourtales)
16. Herpetoglossa simplex (Gardiner,1905)
17. Porites porites
18. Porites polymorphus
19. Alveopora superficialis Pillai & Scheer,1976
20. Favia laxa
21. Leptastrea immersa Klunzinger,1879
22. Oulastrea crispata (Lamarck,1816)
23. Mussa angulosa (Pallas)
24. Caryophyllia clavus Scacchi
25. Caryophyllia arcuta Milne Edwards and Haime
26. Caryophyllia acanthocyathus grayi Milne Edwards and Haime
27. Paracyathus stokesi Milne Edwards and Haime
28. Paracyathus indicus Duncan
29. Deltocyathus andamanensis Alcock
30. Polycyathus andamanensis Alcock
31. Stephanocyathus nobilis ( Moseley)
32. Flabellum pavonium Alcock
33. Flabellum stokesi
34. Placotrochus laevis Milne Edwards & Haime, 1848.
35. Balanophyllia affinis (Semper,1872)
36. Balanophyllia imperialis Kent
37. Balanophyllia scabra Alcock
38. Enallopsammia amphelioides (Alcock)
39. Enallopsammia marenzelleri Zivrowius
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Dec  8 12:41:36 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id MAA05537 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 12:41:34 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA10310; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 12:50:52 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma010189; Wed, 8 Dec 99 12:50:15 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 00:09:16 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id DAA60170; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 03:50:46 GMT
Received: from linnaeus.bio.usyd.edu.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id WAA60072; Tue, 7 Dec 1999 22:50:36 -0500 (EST)
Received: from fungia.bio.usyd.edu.au (a08pc-211.bio.usyd.edu.AU [129.78.177.211])
	by linnaeus.bio.usyd.edu.au (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id OAA27588
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 8 Dec 1999 14:50:29 +1100 (EST)
From: "Ove Hoegh-Guldberg" <oveh@bio.usyd.edu.au>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Article pdf file available.
Date: Wed, 8 Dec 1999 13:47:12 +1100
Message-Id: <003a01bf4126$87baeb40$d3b14e81@fungia.bio.usyd.edu.au>
X-Priority: 3 (Normal)
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook 8.5, Build 4.71.2173.0
Importance: Normal
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Ove Hoegh-Guldberg" <oveh@bio.usyd.edu.au>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from Quoted-Printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id MAA05537
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 803
There have been a number of inquiries about the ultimate scientific
reference for the review I wrote earlier this year.  It is:
Hoegh-Guldberg, O. (1999) "Climate change, coral bleaching and the future of
the worlds coral reefs", Mar. Freshwater Res., 1999, 50, 83966.
It available for the next month at the site:
http://www.reef.edu.au/climate/
Note change of address below at the start of next year.
Cheers,
Ove Hoegh-Guldberg
Associate Professor
School of Biological Sciences
A08, University of Sydney
Ph: +61-2-9351-2389
Fx: +61-2-9351-4119
* Foundation Professor, Marine Studies
University of Queensland (from Jan 1 2000)
Http: www.reef.edu.au/OHG/
For educational fun: www.reef.edu.au
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Dec 10 09:46:16 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA09079 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 10 Dec 1999 09:46:16 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA19333; Fri, 10 Dec 1999 09:55:36 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma019316; Fri, 10 Dec 99 09:54:57 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 10 Dec 1999 09:51:21 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id NAA94702; Fri, 10 Dec 1999 13:05:09 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id IAA82499; Fri, 10 Dec 1999 08:04:58 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA08712; Fri, 10 Dec 1999 08:08:10 -0500
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma008691; Fri, 10 Dec 99 08:07:26 -0500
Received: from surf.blur (surf [172.16.100.3])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with ESMTP
	  id HAA05347 for <coral-list@coral>; Fri, 10 Dec 1999 07:58:05 -0500 (EST)
Received: from localhost by surf.blur (8.8.8+Sun/SMI-SVR4)
	id IAA01938; Fri, 10 Dec 1999 08:01:22 -0500 (EST)
Date: Fri, 10 Dec 1999 08:01:21 -0500 (EST)
From: Jim Hendee <Jim.Hendee@noaa.gov>
X-Sender: hendee@surf
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Vieques Thread
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.03.9912100758410.1689-100000@surf>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jim Hendee <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 804
For those of you who may have missed some of it, the thread on the Vieques
Island discussion is now at the CHAMP Web Page Bulletins link (thanks to
the CHAMP Web Master, Monika Gurnee) at,
	http://www.coral.noaa.gov
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Dec 10 15:48:48 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA19600 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 10 Dec 1999 15:48:47 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA24195; Fri, 10 Dec 1999 15:58:07 -0500
Received: from is1.nwn.noaa.gov(161.55.16.50) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma024028; Fri, 10 Dec 99 15:57:27 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by IS1.nwn.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 10 Dec 1999 12:54:15 -0800
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA96566; Fri, 10 Dec 1999 19:09:59 GMT
Received: from smtp3.san.cerf.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA97460; Fri, 10 Dec 1999 14:09:48 -0500 (EST)
Received: from bio2.edu (mailhost.bio2.edu [192.56.191.63])
	by smtp3.san.cerf.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id TAA05272
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 10 Dec 1999 19:09:43 GMT
Received: from pc.bio2.edu (MAC212 [192.56.191.212])
	by bio2.edu (8.9.1b+Sun/8.9.1) with SMTP id MAA18733
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 10 Dec 1999 12:11:35 -0700 (MST)
Message-Id: <2.2.32.19991210191721.0073dd50@bio2.edu>
X-Sender: fmarubini@bio2.edu
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 2.2 (32)
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Date: Fri, 10 Dec 1999 12:17:21 -0700
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Francesca Marubini <fmarubini@bio2.edu>
Subject: job position advertised
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Francesca Marubini <fmarubini@bio2.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 805
Associate Research Scientist
Columbia University
Biosphere2 Center
Columbia University's Biosphere 2 Center, Inc. is recruiting for a Associate
Research Scientist in the area of marine research.
Marine Research
Biosphere 2 Center is seeking a PhD scientist in marine biology, or
oceanography with a demonstrated record of scholarly research.  The
successful candidate will be encouraged to pursue his or her own research,
while acting as the onsite scientist for the Biosphere 2 research program
in the Biosphere 2 ocean biome (www.bio2.edu).  The candidate would be
expected to supervise technicians and students involved with the maintenance
and sampling of the B2 Ocean, and conduct collaborative research with the
ocean research team.  The position requires skill in communication, as well
as organizational and supervisory skills.  Experience in coral reef
ecosystems is desirable.  The candidate will be encouraged to conduct
collaborative research with the ocean research team and jointly publish
scientific papers, and to pursue external funding for enhancing Biosphere 2
marine research.  A PhD in marine biology, oceanography or marine systems is
required.
APPLICATION:   This position begins Feb. 1, 2000.  Closing date:  January
20, 2000. Applicants should send a full curriculum vitae (include email
address), a brief statement of current research and future plans, and the
name, address, telephone and email address of three individuals who can
provide recommendations to:
Nancy Mager
Biosphere 2 Center
Columbia University
32540 S. Biosphere Rd.
Oracle, AZ  85623
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Dec 10 16:03:01 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA19897 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 10 Dec 1999 16:03:00 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA25413; Fri, 10 Dec 1999 16:12:21 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma025374; Fri, 10 Dec 99 16:11:24 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 10 Dec 1999 15:58:04 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA97365; Fri, 10 Dec 1999 19:03:43 GMT
Received: from eagle.cc.ukans.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA96977; Fri, 10 Dec 1999 14:03:33 -0500 (EST)
Received: from localhost by eagle.cc.ukans.edu (8.8.7/1.1.8.2/12Jan95-0207PM)
	id NAA0000003385; Fri, 10 Dec 1999 13:03:29 -0600 (CST)
Date: Fri, 10 Dec 1999 13:03:29 -0600 (CST)
From: FAUTIN DAPHNE G <fautin@eagle.cc.ukans.edu>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Heather Holden
In-Reply-To: <19991210004023.18595.qmail@hotmail.com>
Message-Id: <Pine.OSF.4.10.9912101301020.27754-100000@eagle.cc.ukans.edu>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: FAUTIN DAPHNE G <fautin@eagle.cc.ukans.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 806
The address for Heather Holden that the International Society for Reef
Studies has seems not to be working -- mail sent to her has been returned.
She is not in the coral reef worker database.  I would appreciate hearing
from her or anyone who knows where she is so she can be sent her
membership materials.
Daphne G. Fautin
Treasurer, ISRS
Professor, Biological Sciences
Curator, Natural History Museum and Biodiversity Research Center
Haworth Hall
University of Kansas
Lawrence, Kansas 66045  USA
telephone 1-785-864-3062
fax 1-785-864-5321
for e-mail, please use fautin@ukans.edu
lab web page: www.nhm.ukans.edu/~inverts
direct to sea anemone database version 2.1: biocomplexity.nhm.ukans.edu/
					    anemones/images/Version.html
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Dec 10 16:56:54 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA20941 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 10 Dec 1999 16:56:53 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA29817; Fri, 10 Dec 1999 17:06:12 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xmaa29784; Fri, 10 Dec 99 17:05:59 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 10 Dec 1999 16:57:35 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA96566; Fri, 10 Dec 1999 19:09:59 GMT
Received: from smtp3.san.cerf.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA97460; Fri, 10 Dec 1999 14:09:48 -0500 (EST)
Received: from bio2.edu (mailhost.bio2.edu [192.56.191.63])
	by smtp3.san.cerf.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id TAA05272
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 10 Dec 1999 19:09:43 GMT
Received: from pc.bio2.edu (MAC212 [192.56.191.212])
	by bio2.edu (8.9.1b+Sun/8.9.1) with SMTP id MAA18733
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 10 Dec 1999 12:11:35 -0700 (MST)
Message-Id: <2.2.32.19991210191721.0073dd50@bio2.edu>
X-Sender: fmarubini@bio2.edu
X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 2.2 (32)
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Date: Fri, 10 Dec 1999 12:17:21 -0700
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Francesca Marubini <fmarubini@bio2.edu>
Subject: job position advertised
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Francesca Marubini <fmarubini@bio2.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 807
Associate Research Scientist
Columbia University
Biosphere2 Center
Columbia University's Biosphere 2 Center, Inc. is recruiting for a Associate
Research Scientist in the area of marine research.
Marine Research
Biosphere 2 Center is seeking a PhD scientist in marine biology, or
oceanography with a demonstrated record of scholarly research.  The
successful candidate will be encouraged to pursue his or her own research,
while acting as the onsite scientist for the Biosphere 2 research program
in the Biosphere 2 ocean biome (www.bio2.edu).  The candidate would be
expected to supervise technicians and students involved with the maintenance
and sampling of the B2 Ocean, and conduct collaborative research with the
ocean research team.  The position requires skill in communication, as well
as organizational and supervisory skills.  Experience in coral reef
ecosystems is desirable.  The candidate will be encouraged to conduct
collaborative research with the ocean research team and jointly publish
scientific papers, and to pursue external funding for enhancing Biosphere 2
marine research.  A PhD in marine biology, oceanography or marine systems is
required.
APPLICATION:   This position begins Feb. 1, 2000.  Closing date:  January
20, 2000. Applicants should send a full curriculum vitae (include email
address), a brief statement of current research and future plans, and the
name, address, telephone and email address of three individuals who can
provide recommendations to:
Nancy Mager
Biosphere 2 Center
Columbia University
32540 S. Biosphere Rd.
Oracle, AZ  85623
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Dec 13 15:02:43 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA23982 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 13 Dec 1999 15:02:42 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA15261; Mon, 13 Dec 1999 15:07:43 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma015170; Mon, 13 Dec 99 15:06:49 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 13 Dec 1999 15:03:12 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA18216; Mon, 13 Dec 1999 18:02:38 GMT
Received: from sargasso.bbsr.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA17792; Mon, 13 Dec 1999 13:02:27 -0500 (EST)
From: robbie@bbsr.edu
Received: from [198.116.28.196] ([198.116.28.196])
	by sargasso.bbsr.edu (8.9.0/8.9.3) with ESMTP id OAA03961
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 13 Dec 1999 14:02:15 -0400 (AST)
X-Sender: robbie@sargasso.bbsr.edu
Message-Id: <l03130301b47c41b6f635@[198.116.28.196]>
In-Reply-To: <199909290256.CAA19435@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
Date: Tue, 14 Dec 1999 14:02:00 -0500
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: BBSR summer courses, 2000
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: robbie@bbsr.edu
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id PAA23982
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 808
Dear colleagues,
With your indulgence I would like to draw your attention to a suite of
Year 2000 summer courses being offered at the Bermuda Biological Station
for Research, Inc. Nearly all the courses involve the study of coral reefs,
reef organisms or processes that affect reefs. Full course details are
available at our web site: www.bbsr.edu.
Best wishes for the holiday season.
Excellence in Marine Science Education
Generous Scholarships Available
Bermuda Biological Station for Research, Inc.
Summer Courses 2000
Shellfish Aquaculture
Faculty: Dr Samia Sarkis, BBSR and Cyr Couturier, Marine Institute of
Memorial University of Newfoundland
Dates: 14 May - 24 May, 2000
Course fees: $2700
Tropical Marine Invertebrates
Faculty: Dr. Kathryn Coates, BBSR and University of Toronto
Dates: 4 June - 1 July, 2000
Course fees: $3200
Chemosensory Neurobiology in the Marine Environment
Faculty: Drs Hank Trapido-Rosenthal, BBSR, and Chuck Derby, Georgia State
University
Dates: 4 June -  24 June, 2000
Course fees:  $2700
Marine Ecotoxicology
Faculty:  Drs Peter Wells, Environment Canada, Jack Manock, University of
North Carolina - Wilmington, Richard Owen, BBSR, Michael Depledge,
University of Plymouth, James Butler, Harvard University
Dates: 25 June - 15 July, 2000
Course fees: $2700
Marine Microbial Ecology
Faculty: Drs Craig Carlson, BBSR, and Stephen Giovannoni, Oregon State
University
Dates: 25 June - 15 July, 2000
Course fees: $2700
Coral Reef Ecology
Faculty: Drs Fred Lipschultz and Joanna Pitt, BBSR, and Mr Matt Mills,
University of Maryland
Dates: 2 July - 22 July
Course fees: $2700
Human Health and the Ocean
Faculty: Dr Eric Dewailly, MD, Laval Laval University and  WHO/PAHO
Collaborating Center
on Environmental and Occupational Health, Qubc
Dates:  16 July - 5 August, 2000
Course fees: $2700
Pathology of Coastal Organisms
Faculty: Drs Garriet Smith, University of South Carolina - Aiken, and
Ernesto Weil, University of Puerto Rico
Dates: 23 July - 12 August, 2000
Course fees: $2700
Biology of Fishes
Faculty: Dr. Bruce B. Collette, U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service
Dates: 30 July - 26 August, 2000
Course fees: $3200
Note: fees are in USD. These include all course costs, tuition, room and
board, while in Bermuda.
For more information and application details, visit:
www.bbsr.edu
E-mail: education@bbsr.edu
Or mail: Summer Courses
The Bermuda Biological Station for Research, Inc.
17 Biological Lane
St. George's GE 01
Bermuda
Tel: (441) 297  1880
Fax: (441) 297 1919
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Struan Robertson Smith, Ph.D.
Assistant Research Scientist
Bermuda Biological Station for Research, Inc.
Ferry Reach GE01 Bermuda
Tel: 441 297 1880 ext. 240
Fax: 441 297 8143
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Dec 14 19:14:42 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id TAA27352 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 14 Dec 1999 19:14:41 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA07061; Tue, 14 Dec 1999 19:20:47 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma007038; Tue, 14 Dec 99 19:19:55 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 14 Dec 1999 19:16:19 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id WAA25603; Tue, 14 Dec 1999 22:13:57 GMT
Received: from taro.poi.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id RAA26418; Tue, 14 Dec 1999 17:13:41 -0500 (EST)
Received: from bob (max2-24.poi.net [209.213.40.43])
	by taro.poi.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id MAA69447
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 14 Dec 1999 12:09:11 -1000 (HST)
	(envelope-from bob@westpacfisheries.net)
Message-Id: <002a01bf46e5$342d43a0$2b28d5d1@bob>
From: "Bob Endreson" <bob@westpacfisheries.net>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: International Shark Conference 2000
Date: Wed, 15 Dec 1999 00:14:38 -1000
Organization: Western Pacific Fisheries Coalition
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0027_01BF4691.604685E0"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2314.1300
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Bob Endreson" <bob@westpacfisheries.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 809
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_0027_01BF4691.604685E0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE: December 14, 1999
Shark Conference 2000
As a result of the a growing international concern for the management of =
shark fisheries and efforts to eliminate the practice of shark finning, =
the world's first international shark conservation conference will be =
held in Honolulu, Hawaii February 21-24, 2000.
Fishery managers, scientists, government representatives and other =
interested parties from the United States, South America, South Africa, =
Europe and Asia will attend the Conference in Honolulu to discuss a =
variety of issues that could have a significant impact on shark =
management internationally.
WildAid, the Hawaii Audubon Society and the Western Pacific Fisheries =
Coalition will be presenting the Conference which has set an agenda that =
will discuss a variety of issues that we hope will assist in furthering =
management of these fisheries. According to FAO statistics over 100 =
million sharks were caught last year. However, since bycatch is not =
recorded, this is likely to be a significant underestimate. Sharks are =
increasingly used as a food source, predominantly in developing =
countries, as other fish stocks collapse Shark fisheries are generally =
poorly documented and poorly regulated, and in many cases appear to be =
unsustainable even in the short term.=20
The goals of the conference would be: 1) to bring together key =
activists, conservationists, scientists, fisheries management experts, =
marine enforcement experts under one roof. 2) to give a state of the =
planet review of sharks and current problems in their conservation. 3) =
to foster cooperation in progressing shark issues and to develop =
strategies. 4) to give donors a chance to assess the various areas of =
potential investment in shark conservation and research. 5) to raise =
public awareness of the true nature of sharks and shark conservation =
issues in Hawaii and globally and of the economic and ecological value =
of sharks.=20
Speakers will present their papers and take questions (see agenda). With =
the first CITES listings proposed for sharks and a number of countries =
considering stricter management, 2000 may be a crucial year for shark =
conservation.=20
Some of the topics that will be covered will include:
...........Why are sharks in trouble and why should we protect them?=20
...........An Overview of the Biological Status of Shark Species
...........A review of international legislation and fora to protect =
sharks: CITES, FAO, Barcelona & Bonn Conventions, UN Law of the Sea: How =
could they help sharks ?=20
............Shark tourism: the benefits and problems
.............An overview of the world trade in sharks and shark products =
with special reference to meat, fins, oil and cartilage.
.............The use of, and attitudes to, shark fin in east Asia how =
can we reduce consumption?=20
..............Sharks in longline fisheries=20
..............Programs in the Pacific with comments on Pacific Ocean =
distributions and the effects of live finning
..............The bycatch problem and how to reduce it
For more information, a complete agenda or to register go to =
http://209.133.10.132/sharkcon/
There is limited seating and reservations are on a first come, first =
serve basis.=20
This Conference is being sponsored by:
The Barbara Delano Foundation The Homeland Foundation The David & Lucile =
Packard Foundation The AVINA Foundation
------=_NextPart_000_0027_01BF4691.604685E0
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D"MSHTML 5.00.2314.1000" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV>
<DIV><B>
<P>FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE: December 14, 1999</P></B><B><FONT size=3D5>
<P align=3Dcenter>Shark Conference 2000</P></B></FONT>
<P><B><FONT face=3D"Times New" size=3D5>A</B></FONT><FONT face=3D"Times =
New">s a=20
result of the a growing international concern for the management of =
shark=20
fisheries and efforts to eliminate the practice of shark finning, the =
world's=20
first international shark conservation conference will be held in =
Honolulu,=20
Hawaii February 21-24, 2000.</P></FONT>
<P><FONT face=3D"Times New">Fishery managers, scientists, government=20
representatives and other interested parties from the United States, =
South=20
America, South Africa, Europe and Asia will attend the Conference in =
Honolulu to=20
discuss a variety of issues that could have a significant impact on =
shark=20
management internationally.</P>
<P>WildAid, the Hawaii Audubon Society and the Western Pacific Fisheries =
Coalition will be presenting the Conference which has set an agenda that =
will=20
discuss a variety of issues that we hope will assist in furthering =
management of=20
these fisheries. According to FAO statistics over 100 million sharks =
were caught=20
last year. However, since bycatch is not recorded, this is likely to be =
a=20
significant underestimate. Sharks are increasingly used as a food =
source,=20
predominantly in developing countries, as other fish stocks collapse =
Shark=20
fisheries are generally poorly documented and poorly regulated, and in =
many=20
cases appear to be unsustainable even in the short term. </P>
<P>The goals of the conference would be: 1) to bring together key =
activists,=20
conservationists, scientists, fisheries management experts, marine =
enforcement=20
experts under one roof. 2) to give a state of the planet review of =
sharks and=20
current problems in their conservation. 3) to foster cooperation in =
progressing=20
shark issues and to develop strategies. 4) to give donors a chance to =
assess the=20
various areas of potential investment in shark conservation and =
research. 5) to=20
raise public awareness of the true nature of sharks and shark =
conservation=20
issues in Hawaii and globally and of the economic and ecological value =
of=20
sharks. </P>
<P>Speakers will present their papers and take questions (see agenda). =
With the=20
first CITES listings proposed for sharks and a number of countries =
considering=20
stricter management, 2000 may be a crucial year for shark conservation. =
</P>
<P>Some of the topics that will be covered will include:</P></FONT>
<P><FONT face=3D"Times New">...........Why are sharks in trouble and why =
should we=20
protect them? </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=3D"Times New">...........An Overview of the Biological =
Status of=20
Shark Species</P>
<P>...........A review of international legislation and fora to protect =
sharks:=20
CITES, FAO, Barcelona &amp; Bonn Conventions, UN Law of the Sea: How =
could they=20
help sharks ? </P></FONT>
<P>............Shark tourism: the benefits and problems</P>
<P>.............An overview of the world trade in sharks and shark =
products with=20
special reference to meat, fins, oil and cartilage.</P>
<P>.............The use of, and attitudes to, shark fin in east Asia how =
can we=20
reduce consumption? </P>
<P>..............Sharks in longline fisheries </P>
<P>..............Programs in the Pacific with comments on Pacific Ocean=20
distributions and the effects of live finning</P>
<P>..............The bycatch problem and how to reduce it</P>
<P></P><B>
<P>For more information, a complete agenda or to register go to <A=20
href=3D"http://209.133.10.132/sharkcon/">http://209.133.10.132/sharkcon/<=
/A></P>
<P>There is limited seating and reservations are on a first come, first =
serve=20
basis.</B> </P>
<P>This Conference is being sponsored by:</P>
<P><FONT face=3D"Times New">The <B><I><STRONG>Barbara Delano Foundation=20
</B></I></STRONG>The <B><I><STRONG>Homeland Foundation =
</B></I></STRONG>The=20
<B><I><STRONG>David &amp; Lucile Packard Foundation </B></I></STRONG>The =
<B><I><STRONG>AVINA Foundation</P></B></I></FONT></STRONG><FONT=20
face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>
<P>&nbsp;</P>
<P>&nbsp;</P>
<P>&nbsp;</P>
<P>&nbsp;</P>
<P>&nbsp;</P>
<P>&nbsp;</P></FONT></DIV></DIV></BODY></HTML>
------=_NextPart_000_0027_01BF4691.604685E0--
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Dec 15 13:45:57 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id NAA17053 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 15 Dec 1999 13:45:57 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA15522; Wed, 15 Dec 1999 13:52:02 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma015421; Wed, 15 Dec 99 13:51:21 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 15 Dec 1999 13:47:43 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA02250; Wed, 15 Dec 1999 17:04:36 GMT
Message-Id: <199912151704.RAA02250@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Tue, 14 Dec 1999 10:29:26 -0400
From: coral <coral@is.dal.ca>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: First International Symposium on Deep Sea Corals
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: coral <coral@is.dal.ca>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 810
First International Symposium on Deep Sea Corals
Science and Conservation of Deep Sea Corals
30 July - 2 August, 2000
Dalhousie University
Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
The purpose of the Symposium is to review, discuss and synthesize all
aspects of deep sea, cold water coral biology, ecology, and conservation.
The symposium will also address climatic reconstruction using corals and
technologies available to map corals. The Symposium will be convened for
two and one half days and is open to scientists, managers, ocean users and
all those with an interest in deep sea corals.
Important Dates
1 February 2000	        Pre-registration form and
                        Provisional abstracts
1 June 2000		Final early registration and fees
                        Final abstracts
30 July 2000	        Final paper
The First International Symposium on Deep Sea Corals is sponsored by the
Ecology Action Centre, Dalhousie University, the Nova Scotia Museum of
Natural History, the Science and Management of Protected Areas
Association, World Wildlife Fund Canada, And the Department of Fisheries
and Oceans, Canada.
For more information please see the Symposium web site:
	http://home.istar.ca/~eac_hfx/symposium
or contact the Symposium Secretariat:
Susan Gass, Ecology Action Centre, 1568 Argyle Street, Suite 31 Halifax, Nova
Scotia, B3J 2B3, Email: coral@is.dal.ca
Telephone: +1-902-429-2202, Fax: + 1-902-422-6410
Susan Gass
Symposium Coordinator
Ecology Action Centre
1568 Argyle St. Suite 31
Halifax, Nova Scotia
B3J 2B3
Phone: (902) 429-2202
Fax: (902) 422-6410
Emai: coral@is.dal.ca
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Dec 15 16:12:13 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA21010 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 15 Dec 1999 16:12:12 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA06571; Wed, 15 Dec 1999 16:18:17 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma006505; Wed, 15 Dec 99 16:17:33 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 15 Dec 1999 16:13:57 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA03420; Wed, 15 Dec 1999 19:58:03 GMT
Received: from swan.prod.itd.earthlink.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA03413; Wed, 15 Dec 1999 14:57:52 -0500 (EST)
Received: from 38.30.71.84 (ip84.miami9.fl.pub-ip.psi.net [38.30.71.84])
	by swan.prod.itd.earthlink.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id LAA28628;
	Wed, 15 Dec 1999 11:56:55 -0800 (PST)
Message-Id: <3857ABDD.58AC@earthlink.net>
Date: Wed, 15 Dec 1999 14:55:25 +0000
From: Alexander Stone <reefkeeper@earthlink.net>
Organization: ReefKeeper International
X-Mailer: Mozilla 2.0 (Macintosh; U; 68K)
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov,
        CONS-WPST-CORALREEF-FORUM@lists.sierraclub.org,
        mfcn-fishlink@igc.topica.com
Subject: Please Comment by Jan 3rd on Coral Task Force Oversight
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Alexander Stone <reefkeeper@earthlink.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 811
Dear Coral Listers and other Friends of Coral Reefs:
We at ReefKeeper International strongly urge you to weigh in with your comments on how
the US Coral Reef Task Force is proposing to discharge its responsibility to prevent
federal agency activities from degrading coral reef ecosystems.  Please send your written
comments before January 3rd to the federal official noted below this message.  The text
of the Task Force's proposed "Oversight of Agency Actions Affecting Coral Reef
Protection" can be accessed at http://coralreef.gov.
You'll see from our comments appearing below that we are very concerned that the Task
Force is proposing to take too collegial an approach to what we argue is an enforcement
responsibility on the part of the Task Force.  The one real thing that Executive Order
13089 empowers the Task Force to do for actual coral reef protection is to discharge that
enforcement responsibility properly.  And the Task Force needs to hear from lots of us to
have that sink in and take hold.
So thanks a lot if you do send in a letter.  It could really make a difference.
With many thanks,
ALEXANDER STONE
ReefKeeper International
2809 Bird Avenue - PMB 162
Miami, FL 33133
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
December 14, 1999
Operations Center
United States Coral Reef Task Force
c/o Patricia Kennedy
Office of the Assistant Secretary
   for Fish and Wildlife and Parks
U.S. Department of the Interior
1849 C Street, N.W., Mail Stop 3156
Washington, DC  20240
RE: Comments on "Oversight of Agency Actions Affecting Coral Reef Protection"
Dear Task Force Members:
	In response to the notice for public comments by January 3, 2000, ReefKeeper
International respectfully submits the following comments to the draft document
"Oversight of Agency Actions Affecting Coral Reef Protection", proposed for adoption by
the U.S. Coral Reef Task Force (Task Force).
	Since 1989, ReefKeeper International has operated as a non-profit conservation
organization dedicated exclusively to the protection of coral reefs.  We have
participated in Task Force activities since the Task Force was created in June 1998 by
President Clinton's Executive Order 13089.
	ReefKeeper International urges the Task Force to adopt stronger agency oversight
measures that fulfill the Task Force's obligation to provide oversight that will protect
and enhance the coral reef resources of the United States.  Specifically, we request that
a procedure be developed whereby all Federal agencies are required to have a dedicated
person co-responsible to the Task Force for reviewing agency actions that may affect
coral reefs.  The Task Force must assume ultimate responsibility for oversight and be the
final decision on controversial actions.  We also request that reporting by Federal
agencies to the Task Force be required on a more frequent basis.
Executive Order 13089
	Executive Order 13089, signed by President Clinton on June 11, 1998, established the
U.S. Coral Reef Task Force and its obligations to
	"oversee implementation of the policy and Federal agency responsibilities set forth in
this order" (Section 4);
	"develop, recommend, and seek or secure implementation of measures necessary to reduce
and mitigate coral reef ecosystem degradation and to restore damaged coral reefs"
(Section 5).
	Section 2 of the Executive Order states:
	"(a) All Federal agencies whose actions may affects U.S. coral reef ecosystems shall ...
(b) utilize their programs and authorities to protect and enhance the conditions of such
ecosystems; and (c) to the extent permitted by law, ensure that any actions they
authorize, fund, or carry out will not degrade the conditions of such ecosystems."
	These two sections clearly outline the goals of the Executive Order as well as the
responsibility of the Task Force to oversee the implementation of the Executive Order,
including Section 2's requirement for non-degradation of coral reef ecosystems by any
federal agency actions.
Applicability to All Federal Agencies
	Section 2 of Executive Order 13089 applies to all federal agencies, not just agencies
that are members of the Coral Reef Task Force.  All Federal agencies must ensure that
actions that they authorize, fund or carry out do not degrade coral reef ecosystems.
Therefore, throughout the draft document, ReefKeeper International requests that
references to requirements for member Federal agencies be changed to all Federal
agencies.
Agency Implementation Plans
	The draft document "Oversight of Agency Actions Affecting Coral Reef Protection" falls
short of fulfilling the Task Force's obligations under Executive Order 13089.  While the
proposal requires Task Force member Federal agencies to develop implementation plans, the
member Federal agencies are then virtually free to act without any oversight from the
Task Force, except for an annual report summarizing actions already undertaken.
Non-member agencies are only advised and encouraged on implementation of the Order.  This
proposal places the Task Force merely in the role of an observer and/or advisor.
	Therefore, ReefKeeper International respectfully requests that all Federal agencies be
required to designate a person who is responsible to the Task Force for reviewing any and
all actions by that agency that may impact coral reefs.  Unresolved controversial actions
must be brought to the attention of the Task Force by the designated person from the
Federal agency.  Any member of the public may also bring proposed actions to the
attention of the Task Force by the procedures outlined in Section 2 of this document.
	Therefore, ReefKeeper International recommends that the language under Item 1. Agency
implementation plans be changed as follows (proposed changes indicated in italics):
	1.  Agency implementation plans.  By June 11, 2000, each Federal agency will provide the
Task Force Co-Chairs with a copy of the Federal agency's Coral Reef Protection
Implementation Plan ("Plan")
	b.  The name, title and address of the Federal agency's designated contact for inquiries
concerning coral reef protection and for the Federal agency's participation in the Task
Force if the Federal agency is a member of the Task Force.
	Add the following after item b:
	b2.  The name, title and address of the Federal agency's designated person that will
review any and all actions that may impact coral reefs that the Federal agency
authorizes, carries out, or funds.
	c.  The Task Force Co-Chair will post the Federal agency Implementation Plans on the
Internet at http://coralreef.gov.
	Delete item d.
Task Force Oversight
	The Executive Order clearly intends that the Task Force be placed in the role of
enforcer, not observer.  The Task Force must not only have direct input into actions that
may impact coral reefs but must also enforce the provisions of Section 2 of the Executive
Order to protect and enhance those ecosystems.
	If the designated person from any Federal agency or the Task Force determines that a
proposed action will fail to meet the objectives of the Executive Order, then the Task
Force must work with the Federal agency to revise the actions or, if necessary, enforce
the Executive Order by prohibiting the action.
	Therefore, ReefKeeper International recommends that a section entitled Task Force
Oversight be added to the draft document with the following text:
	Task Force Oversight:
	a.  The Federal agency's designated person for reviewing projects shall bring to the
attention of the Task Force projects which may adversely impact coral reefs that are
inconsistent with the requirements of Section 2 (a) (a) -(c) of the Order and  are not
covered by an exception under Section 2 (b).
	b.  Members of the public may also bring actions to the attention of the Task Force as
outlined in Section 2 of this document.
	c.  The Task Force shall review the proposed actions and offer advice and counsel to
facilitate resolution of issues.
	d.  The Task Force will enforce the provisions of Section 2 of the Order by prohibiting
or modifying proposed actions that are inconsistent with that section of the Order.
	e.  Agreement by the Task Force that the proposed actions meet the requirements of
Section 2 of the Order shall be required prior to the initiation of that action.  The
approval may be granted by the Federal agency's designated person for reviewing projects
or the Task Force as outlined above.
Public Issue Identification
	Section 2 of Executive Order 13089 applies to all federal agencies, not just those that
are members of the Task Force.  Accordingly, the public response section of the draft
document should reflect this mandate.
	Therefore, ReefKeeper International recommends that the language under Item 2. Public
issue identification and response be changed as follows (changes indicated in italics):
	a.  ... any Member about the actions of any Federal agency will be referred ...
	b.  Federal agencies whose actions...
	ii.  Communications with the Task Force will not substitute for public comment through
Federal agency provisions for public comment or public hearing on actions. [delete
remainder of paragraph]
	Delete item c.
Reporting Frequency
	ReefKeeper International also requests that reporting by Federal agencies be conducted
on a quarterly basis, rather than an annual basis as proposed.  This will allow the Task
Force to be kept more up-to-date on actions by the Federal agencies and meet some of its
oversight responsibilities.
	Therefore, ReefKeeper International recommends that the language under Item 3. Annual
Reports be changed as follows (changes indicated in italics):
	In March, June, September, and December each year Federal agencies will present ... and
the public.  Federal agencies will provide written ...
	Thank you for your consideration, and anticipated support, of our request for a Task
Force review procedure and quarterly Federal agency reporting that will truly ensure that
the intent of Executive Order 13089 to protect coral reef ecosystems is met.
Sincerely,
Alexander Stone
Director
cc:	A. Gore, U.S. Vice-President
	Task Force members
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Dec 16 09:12:06 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA02350 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 16 Dec 1999 09:12:06 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA29157; Thu, 16 Dec 1999 09:18:12 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma029130; Thu, 16 Dec 99 09:17:36 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 16 Dec 1999 09:13:47 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id MAA08581; Thu, 16 Dec 1999 12:38:48 GMT
Message-Id: <199912161238.MAA08581@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Wed, 15 Dec 1999 13:51:27 -0400
From: "Milen Dyoulgerov" <Milen.Dyoulgerov@noaa.gov>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: reef damage from ships
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Milen Dyoulgerov" <Milen.Dyoulgerov@noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 812
Dear all,
Early this year I wrote to you with a request for information on ship
groundings and/or anchorings in relation to a proposal that we were
developing to introduce uniform depiction of coral reefs and, possibly,
MPAs, on navigational charts.  I would like to thank all the people that
responded to my request and to inform you that the proposal has been put
forth for consideration within the IHO system.
Many of you expressed interest in the information that we find. Now, you
can access our findings (as of June 22, 1999) on the CHAMP Page at:
  http://www.coral.noaa.gov/bulls/reef-ground.pdf
Information on some additional cases in the US and its territories could
be found at:
  http://coralreef.gov/CUWG.pdf
(the file name is "Coastal Uses Working Group"; the relevant information
is in APPENDIX III-A).
I hope that you find the information useful in your work and I would
like to ask once again for your help in expanding what we have found so
far. Please, send information on any other cases that you are aware of
to:
  milen.dyoulgerov@noaa.gov
Of particular interest for us is whether the listed cases, or the cases
that you know about, have occurred in an existing or proposed Marine
Protected Area.
Best regards,
Milen Dyoulgerov
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Dec 17 14:12:11 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA22656 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 17 Dec 1999 14:12:10 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA22335; Fri, 17 Dec 1999 14:21:37 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma022263; Fri, 17 Dec 99 14:21:16 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 17 Dec 1999 14:17:39 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA17862; Fri, 17 Dec 1999 17:18:38 GMT
Received: from eagle.cc.ukans.edu by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA17784; Fri, 17 Dec 1999 12:18:27 -0500 (EST)
Received: from localhost by eagle.cc.ukans.edu (8.8.7/1.1.8.2/12Jan95-0207PM)
	id LAA0000023599; Fri, 17 Dec 1999 11:18:19 -0600 (CST)
Date: Fri, 17 Dec 1999 11:18:19 -0600 (CST)
From: FAUTIN DAPHNE G <fautin@eagle.cc.ukans.edu>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: post-doc position
Message-Id: <Pine.OSF.4.10.9912171117530.7129-100000@eagle.cc.ukans.edu>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: FAUTIN DAPHNE G <fautin@eagle.cc.ukans.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 813
SYSTEMATICS OF MARINE INVERTEBRATES
POSTDOCTORAL FELLOWSHIP at University of Kansas for systematic revision of sea anemone genus using laboratory and field techniques.  Strong background in modern systematics or study of sea anemones required, both preferred.  Experience with molecular techniques, and skill in GIS, databasing, or image manipulation desirable.  Position details: assumable 1 September 2000 to 31 January 2001 (doctoral degree must have been granted by then);   year-round; full-time position (depends on federal funding); lasting 5 y pending satisfactory performance and funding continuation; open to non-US citizens.  Send curriculum vitae, copies of publications, brief statement of interests and career goals, official academic transcripts, and three letters of recommendation to Daphne G. Fautin, Biological Sciences, Haworth Hall, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA (telephone 1-785-864-3062; fax 1-785-864-5321; e-mail fautin@ukans.edu).  Application review begins 20 March 2000.
The University of Kansas is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer.  The University encourages applications from underrepresented group members.  Federal and state legislation prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, religion, color, national origin, ancestry, sex, age, disability, and veteran status.  In addition, University policies prohibit discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation, marital status, and parental status.
Daphne G. Fautin
Professor, Biological Sciences
Curator, Natural History Museum and Biodiversity Research Center
Haworth Hall
University of Kansas
Lawrence, Kansas 66045  USA
telephone 1-785-864-3062
fax 1-785-864-5321
for e-mail, please use fautin@ukans.edu
lab web page: www.nhm.ukans.edu/~inverts
direct to sea anemone database version 2.1: biocomplexity.nhm.ukans.edu/
					    anemones/images/Version.html
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Dec 17 16:04:16 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA25093 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 17 Dec 1999 16:04:15 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA02361; Fri, 17 Dec 1999 16:10:20 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma002340; Fri, 17 Dec 99 16:09:54 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 17 Dec 1999 16:04:33 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA17726; Fri, 17 Dec 1999 18:58:27 GMT
Received: from imo-d05.mx.aol.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA18275; Fri, 17 Dec 1999 13:58:21 -0500 (EST)
From: Oceanwatch@aol.com
Received: from Oceanwatch@aol.com
	by imo-d05.mx.aol.com (mail_out_v24.6.) id b.0.348242a5 (4404)
	 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 17 Dec 1999 13:58:12 -0500 (EST)
Message-Id: <0.348242a5.258be1c4@aol.com>
Date: Fri, 17 Dec 1999 13:58:12 EST
Subject: Copyright Concerns, Vieques Article
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Mailer: AOL 4.0 for Windows 95 sub 228
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Oceanwatch@aol.com
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 814
Coral Listers
A fellow Coral Lister raised copyright concerns about my posting of a New
York Times article on Vieques.  I am posting this with Jim Hendee's approval.
I was worried about having done something that might harm the List Serv
because I also value the service it provides, with Jim Hendee's hard work.
Oceanwatch has a copyright attorney on retainer so I asked him about the
issue.  First, he agrees that the safest approach is to provide a link, as
Jim suggests.
But the bottom line is, it's extremely doubtful the New York Times would
worry about copyright infringement in this case.
The first consideration is, was proper attribution to the source material
provided?  Yes, I gave full attribution.  Second, was the posting done for
commercial purposes or commercial gain, or for purely educational reasons?
The latter is true, since the purpose of the Coral List is purely information
exchange and I shared the article for that reason.
Finally, you have to consider the nature of the publication.  The NYT is a
widely available daily newspaper.  If I had copied material from a
professional journal that includes information on laboratory equipment or
scientific protocols, and the limited market happened to be coral reef
scientists, then doing so might take away several hundred potential customers
from the publisher.  But it was a newspaper item that as a matter of practice
gets copied into List Servs, clipping services, media books and interoffice
mail at major corporations by the hundreds or thousands of copies.
I don't mean to belittle the importance of the issue and I appreciate the
Coral Lister raising it.  I just think we need to keep it in perspective.
Thanks
Cliff McCreedy
><((;>   ><((;>   ><((;>
Oceanwatch
2101 Wilson Boulevard
Suite 900
Arlington, VA  22201
phone 703-351-7444
fax 703-351-7472
e-mail:  Oceanwatch@aol.com
http://www.enviroweb.org/oceanwatch
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Dec 17 16:04:16 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id QAA25093 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 17 Dec 1999 16:04:15 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA02361; Fri, 17 Dec 1999 16:10:20 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma002340; Fri, 17 Dec 99 16:09:54 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 17 Dec 1999 16:04:33 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id SAA17726; Fri, 17 Dec 1999 18:58:27 GMT
Received: from imo-d05.mx.aol.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id NAA18275; Fri, 17 Dec 1999 13:58:21 -0500 (EST)
From: Oceanwatch@aol.com
Received: from Oceanwatch@aol.com
	by imo-d05.mx.aol.com (mail_out_v24.6.) id b.0.348242a5 (4404)
	 for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 17 Dec 1999 13:58:12 -0500 (EST)
Message-Id: <0.348242a5.258be1c4@aol.com>
Date: Fri, 17 Dec 1999 13:58:12 EST
Subject: Copyright Concerns, Vieques Article
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Mailer: AOL 4.0 for Windows 95 sub 228
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Oceanwatch@aol.com
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 815
Coral Listers
A fellow Coral Lister raised copyright concerns about my posting of a New
York Times article on Vieques.  I am posting this with Jim Hendee's approval.
I was worried about having done something that might harm the List Serv
because I also value the service it provides, with Jim Hendee's hard work.
Oceanwatch has a copyright attorney on retainer so I asked him about the
issue.  First, he agrees that the safest approach is to provide a link, as
Jim suggests.
But the bottom line is, it's extremely doubtful the New York Times would
worry about copyright infringement in this case.
The first consideration is, was proper attribution to the source material
provided?  Yes, I gave full attribution.  Second, was the posting done for
commercial purposes or commercial gain, or for purely educational reasons?
The latter is true, since the purpose of the Coral List is purely information
exchange and I shared the article for that reason.
Finally, you have to consider the nature of the publication.  The NYT is a
widely available daily newspaper.  If I had copied material from a
professional journal that includes information on laboratory equipment or
scientific protocols, and the limited market happened to be coral reef
scientists, then doing so might take away several hundred potential customers
from the publisher.  But it was a newspaper item that as a matter of practice
gets copied into List Servs, clipping services, media books and interoffice
mail at major corporations by the hundreds or thousands of copies.
I don't mean to belittle the importance of the issue and I appreciate the
Coral Lister raising it.  I just think we need to keep it in perspective.
Thanks
Cliff McCreedy
><((;>   ><((;>   ><((;>
Oceanwatch
2101 Wilson Boulevard
Suite 900
Arlington, VA  22201
phone 703-351-7444
fax 703-351-7472
e-mail:  Oceanwatch@aol.com
http://www.enviroweb.org/oceanwatch
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Dec 18 11:44:53 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA02335 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sat, 18 Dec 1999 11:44:52 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA00836; Sat, 18 Dec 1999 11:50:59 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma000818; Sat, 18 Dec 99 11:50:53 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sat, 18 Dec 1999 11:47:17 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id OAA24141; Sat, 18 Dec 1999 14:55:24 GMT
Message-Id: <199912181455.OAA24141@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: "Marie Cobran" <mcobran@uwimona.edu.jm>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Cc: <woodley@uwimona.edu.jm>
Subject: Position Available
Date: Fri, 17 Dec 1999 13:39:42 -0500
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Marie Cobran" <mcobran@uwimona.edu.jm>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 816
CENTRE FOR MARINE SCIENCES=20
> >>DISCOVERY BAY MARINE LABORATORY
> >>UNIVERSITY OF THE WEST INDIES (MONA)
> >>
> >>The University of the West Indies is seeking a Lecturer (=F0
> >>Assistant Professor, tenure track) as Assistant Director of the
> >>Centre for Marine Sciences, to be based at (and live near) the
> >>Discovery Bay Marine Laboratory. She/he will take part in the
> >>Laboratory's research and teaching programme, interact with
> >>visiting scientists and classes, and participate, in a
> >>supervisory/ advisory capacity, in the management of the
> >>Laboratory. Applicants should have a Ph.D. and preferably
> >>experience of research in coastal physical oceanography OR in the
> >>geology, biology or management of coral reefs or related systems.
> >>Further particulars of the post, and the Centre, are available at
> >>www.uwimona.edu.jm and details of the Laboratory at www.dbml.org.
> >>Prior to January 17, 2000 (an extension of a previous closing
> >>date), send detailed applications (two copies) giving full
> >>particulars of qualifications and experience and the names,
> >>addresses and fax numbers of three referees (who should be asked
> >>to send their references unsolicited) to the Campus Registrar
> >>[Attention: Senior Assistant Registrar (Appointments)],
> >>University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica W.I.=20
Marie C.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Dec 20 11:53:39 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id LAA16140 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 20 Dec 1999 11:53:38 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA12251; Mon, 20 Dec 1999 12:03:07 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma012125; Mon, 20 Dec 99 12:02:21 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Mon, 20 Dec 1999 11:58:46 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id PAA38090; Mon, 20 Dec 1999 15:12:40 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id KAA32950; Mon, 20 Dec 1999 10:12:29 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA24486; Mon, 20 Dec 1999 10:15:39 -0500
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma024422; Mon, 20 Dec 99 10:15:17 -0500
Received: from surf.blur (surf [172.16.100.3])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with ESMTP
	  id KAA19377 for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Mon, 20 Dec 1999 10:05:45 -0500 (EST)
Received: from localhost by surf.blur (8.8.8+Sun/SMI-SVR4)
	id KAA00457; Mon, 20 Dec 1999 10:09:08 -0500 (EST)
Date: Mon, 20 Dec 1999 10:09:08 -0500 (EST)
From: Jim Hendee <Jim.Hendee@noaa.gov>
X-Sender: hendee@surf
To: coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Can corals adapt?
Message-Id: <Pine.GSO.4.03.9912201008300.452-100000@surf>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jim Hendee <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 817
You may be interested in seeing the text of a recent debate on whether or
not corals can adapt to the increase in global temperatures.  The article
is  posted at Planet Ark:
	http://www.planetark.org/dailynewsstory.cfm?newsid=5117
Scientists quoted in the article are Dr. Terry Done, Dr. Ove
Hoegh-Guldberg and Dr. Hugh Sweatman, all from Australia, and the
discussion centers mostly around the condition and adaptability of the
Great Barrier Reef.
	Cheers,
	Jim
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Dec 21 18:22:45 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id SAA04062 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 21 Dec 1999 18:22:45 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA14710; Tue, 21 Dec 1999 18:32:17 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma014694; Tue, 21 Dec 99 18:32:00 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 21 Dec 1999 18:27:53 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA37626; Tue, 21 Dec 1999 20:18:59 GMT
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id PAA37674; Tue, 21 Dec 1999 15:18:49 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA28827; Tue, 21 Dec 1999 15:21:56 -0500
Received: from chaos.aoml.noaa.gov(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028697; Tue, 21 Dec 99 15:20:56 -0500
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA00521 for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 21 Dec 1999 15:11:23 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA28679; Tue, 21 Dec 1999 15:20:54 -0500
Received: from pisces.tcg.sgi.net(209.166.160.37) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma028611; Tue, 21 Dec 99 15:20:04 -0500
Received: from default (dap-209-114-178-70.pm4-1-s9.eth.pgh.pa.stargate.net [209.114.178.70])
	by pisces.tcg.sgi.net (StarGate/4.0.24) with SMTP id PAA14566
	for <coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 21 Dec 1999 15:16:46 -0500 (EST)
Message-Id: <199912212016.PAA14566@pisces.tcg.sgi.net>
From: "Wendy Jo" <slkyshrk@sgi.net>
To: coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Date: Tue, 21 Dec 1999 15:15:33 -0600
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT
Subject: 1998 Article from USGS - Coral Mortality and African Dust
Priority: normal
X-mailer: Pegasus Mail for Win32 (v3.01d)
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Wendy Jo" <slkyshrk@sgi.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 818
Dear Coral folks:
	A friend of mine passed this on to me a few days ago, and I
thought it might be of interest to some of you. It is from October
1998, and I checked the archives to see if it might be there, but
didn't see it. The URL is
http://coastal.er.usgs.gov/african_dust/
The hypothesis to this study was also featured in Science in
Paradise, a PBS special in October of 1998.
Cheers and Happy Holidays to all.
Wendy Jo Shemansky
"The library of life is on fire, and we must put it out."
~~Gro Harlem Brundtland, Prime Minister of Norway
>>));> >>));> >>));> >>));> >>));> >>));> >>));> >>));> >>));>
Wendy Jo Shemansky
Environmental Research Science and Education Graduate Student
Duquesne University
Environmental News Director, Secretary
West Penn Scuba Divers
Pittsburgh, PA
(412) 244-3318
slkyshrk@sgi.net
***************** Seasons Greetings! ******************
* We in NOAA would like to extend our Best Wishes for *
* a Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year to all our   *
* coral-list subscribers.  Happy Holidays!            *
*******************************************************
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Dec 21 21:10:37 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id VAA05344 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 21 Dec 1999 21:10:37 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA22684; Tue, 21 Dec 1999 21:16:45 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma022627; Tue, 21 Dec 99 21:15:57 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 21 Dec 1999 21:11:16 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id AAA48918; Wed, 22 Dec 1999 00:14:20 GMT
Message-Id: <199912220014.AAA48918@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Tue, 21 Dec 1999 15:33:16 -0800 (PST)
From: James A Goodman <jagoodman@ucdavis.edu>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Remote sensing references/applications?
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: James A Goodman <jagoodman@ucdavis.edu>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 819
Coral-listers:
I have recently begun a Ph.D. program at the University of California,
Davis and plan to pursue research on coral related remote sensing
applications (e.g., mapping, monitoring, assessing relative health etc.).
I have started collecting relevant literature and was hoping the
collective knowledge of the coral-list group could be helpful in that
regard.
In the near future I plan to create a website containing a reference list
of everything I have found (address to be posted to coral-list once
completed). Thus, I am extremely interested whether anyone knows of
relevant articles or of any past/current/future coral remote sensing
projects? Your knowledge is appreciated.
I thank everyone in advance and wish all Happy Holidays.
Jamie
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
James Goodman
Center for Spatial Technologies and Remote Sensing (CSTARS)
Department of Land, Air and Water Resources
113 Viehmeyer Hall
University of California, Davis
Davis, CA 95616
jgoodman@cstars.ucdavis.edu
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
***************** Seasons Greetings! ******************
* We in NOAA would like to extend our Best Wishes for *
* a Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year to all our   *
* coral-list subscribers.  Happy Holidays!            *
*******************************************************
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Dec 21 22:38:51 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id WAA05928 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Tue, 21 Dec 1999 22:35:25 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA29699; Tue, 21 Dec 1999 22:44:02 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma029651; Tue, 21 Dec 99 22:43:29 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Tue, 21 Dec 1999 22:39:54 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id CAA49818; Wed, 22 Dec 1999 02:34:27 GMT
Received: from noaamh2.noaa.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id VAA41794; Tue, 21 Dec 1999 21:34:20 -0500 (EST)
Received: from mh-gw.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov (X.400 to RFC822 Gateway); Tue, 21 Dec 1999 21:33:53 -0500
X400-Received: by mta MTA in /c=us/admd=attmail/prmd=GOV+NOAA/; Relayed;
  21 Dec 1999 21:33:53 -0500
X400-Received: by /c=us/admd=attmail/prmd=GOV+NOAA/; Relayed;
  21 Dec 1999 21:33:53 -0500
X400-MTS-Identifier: [/c=us/admd=attmail/prmd=GOV+NOAA/; 066CE3860389100A-MTA]
Content-Identifier: 066CE3860389100A
Content-Return: Allowed
X400-Content-Type: P2-1988 ( 22 )
Conversion: Allowed
Original-Encoded-Information-Types: IA5-Text
Priority: normal
Disclose-Recipients: Prohibited
Alternate-Recipient: Allowed
X400-Originator: Cathy.Coon@noaa.gov
X400-Recipients: non-disclosure;
Message-Id: <066CE3860389100A*/c=US/admd=ATTMAIL/prmd=GOV+NOAA/o=CCNMFS/s=Coon/g=Cathy/@MHS>
Date: 21 Dec 1999 21:33:53 -0500
From: Cathy Coon <Cathy.Coon@noaa.gov>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: reef balls
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Cathy Coon <Cathy.Coon@noaa.gov>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 820
Has anyone heard of reefballs?  I received this message but can't pull it up??
As a NOAA professional, and particularly if you are with NMFS, we wanted to
make you aware of Reef Ball designed artificial reef habitats used
primarily to restore ailing coral reefs but also to mimic nearly any
reef/structure habitats.  Over 50,000 Reef Balls have been used in over 500
worldwide projects and the success has been well documented scientifically.
Reef Balls are very cost effective to mitigate damages and provide
immediate but also long term habitat.  Reef Balls can be tuned to nearly
100% species diversity and population density of nearby natural reefs.  To
learn more visit our website www.reefball.com.
Todd Barber
Reef Ball Development Group, Ltd.
***************** Seasons Greetings! ******************
* We in NOAA would like to extend our Best Wishes for *
* a Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year to all our   *
* coral-list subscribers.  Happy Holidays!            *
*******************************************************
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Dec 22 01:56:27 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id BAA07393 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 22 Dec 1999 01:56:26 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id CAA10118; Wed, 22 Dec 1999 02:02:34 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma010077; Wed, 22 Dec 99 02:01:59 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 22 Dec 1999 01:58:23 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id FAA50388; Wed, 22 Dec 1999 05:30:27 GMT
Received: from taro.poi.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id AAA50406; Wed, 22 Dec 1999 00:30:14 -0500 (EST)
Received: from default (max2-16.poi.net [209.213.40.35])
	by taro.poi.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id TAA86989;
	Tue, 21 Dec 1999 19:24:37 -1000 (HST)
	(envelope-from bob@westpacfisheries.net)
Message-Id: <001201bf4c3d$3f9971c0$2328d5d1@default>
From: "Bob Endreson" <bob@westpacfisheries.net>
To: "Cathy Coon" <Cathy.Coon@noaa.gov>, <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Re: reef balls
Date: Tue, 21 Dec 1999 19:27:30 -1000
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.3612.1700
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3612.1700
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Bob Endreson" <bob@westpacfisheries.net>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 821
Reef Balls are an excellent way to enhance habitat, however, unless they are
being used in a marine protected area, they make it very easy for fishermen
to target species occupying the reef ball either by surround net or spear.
In areas where fishing and spear fishing is allowed, there are other
structures made of waste concrete material that provide better habitat that
allows fish to not only be harvested, but to hide in deeper crevices out of
the reach of fishermen.
Bob Endreson
Western Pacific Fisheries Coalition
-----Original Message-----
From: Cathy Coon <Cathy.Coon@noaa.gov>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Tuesday, December 21, 1999 5:16 PM
Subject: reef balls
>
>
>Has anyone heard of reefballs?  I received this message but can't pull it
up??
>
>As a NOAA professional, and particularly if you are with NMFS, we wanted to
>make you aware of Reef Ball designed artificial reef habitats used
>primarily to restore ailing coral reefs but also to mimic nearly any
>reef/structure habitats.  Over 50,000 Reef Balls have been used in over 500
>worldwide projects and the success has been well documented scientifically.
>Reef Balls are very cost effective to mitigate damages and provide
>immediate but also long term habitat.  Reef Balls can be tuned to nearly
>100% species diversity and population density of nearby natural reefs.  To
>learn more visit our website www.reefball.com.
>
>Todd Barber
>Reef Ball Development Group, Ltd.
>***************** Seasons Greetings! ******************
>* We in NOAA would like to extend our Best Wishes for *
>* a Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year to all our   *
>* coral-list subscribers.  Happy Holidays!            *
>*******************************************************
>
***************** Seasons Greetings! ******************
* We in NOAA would like to extend our Best Wishes for *
* a Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year to all our   *
* coral-list subscribers.  Happy Holidays!            *
*******************************************************
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Dec 23 02:52:55 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id CAA27861 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 23 Dec 1999 02:52:54 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id CAA01051; Thu, 23 Dec 1999 02:59:04 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma001032; Thu, 23 Dec 99 02:58:51 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 23 Dec 1999 02:55:14 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id FAA57837; Thu, 23 Dec 1999 05:59:11 GMT
Received: from pearl.aims.gov.au by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id AAA49843; Thu, 23 Dec 1999 00:59:01 -0500 (EST)
Received: from cw2 (CW2.aims.gov.au [138.7.37.164])
	by pearl.aims.gov.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id PAA08019
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 23 Dec 1999 15:58:44 +1000 (EST)
Message-Id: <3.0.5.32.19991223160002.00afe6a0@email.aims.gov.au>
X-Sender: dfenner@email.aims.gov.au
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0.5 (32)
Date: Thu, 23 Dec 1999 16:00:02
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Doug Fenner <d.fenner@aims.gov.au>
Subject: coral photos
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Doug Fenner <d.fenner@aims.gov.au>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 822
   Does anyone have clear color slides of the living corals Schizoculina
africana and Schizoculina fissipara (found only in west Africa)?  We would
like to put them in Veron's forthcoming book and CD, "Corals of the World".
 The photographer will be acknowledged and receive a copy of the book.
   We will announce (some months from now when we know) on coral-list when
the book and CD will be available, and how to order.  -Doug
Douglas Fenner, Ph.D.
Coral Biodiversity/Taxonomist
Australian Institute of Marine Science
PMB No 3
Townsville MC
Queensland 4810
Australia
phone 07 4753 4334
e-mail: d.fenner@aims.gov.au
web: http://www.aims.gov.au
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Dec 23 15:58:03 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA13694 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 23 Dec 1999 15:58:02 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA11252; Thu, 23 Dec 1999 16:07:36 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma011230; Thu, 23 Dec 99 16:07:28 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 23 Dec 1999 16:03:50 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA62174; Thu, 23 Dec 1999 19:26:05 GMT
Received: from smtp-out.minitel.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA51866; Thu, 23 Dec 1999 14:25:54 -0500 (EST)
Received: from gmvtx1 (gmailvtx1.globalmail.net [192.168.220.100])
	by smtp-out.minitel.net ([France Telecom Hebergement]) with SMTP id UAA02589
	for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Thu, 23 Dec 1999 20:25:47 +0100 (MET)
Date: Thu, 23 Dec 1999 20:25:47 +0100 (MET)
Message-Id: <199912231925.UAA02589@smtp-out.minitel.net>
Received: from 60424384227 by minitel.net with X25; Thu, 23 Dec 1999 20:25:47 +0200
From: "MARTIN PECHEUX" <martinpecheux@minitel.net>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Iron agaisnt bleaching =?iso-8859-1?Q?=3F?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "MARTIN PECHEUX" <martinpecheux@minitel.net>
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id PAA13694
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 823
Dear all,
There might be PERHAPS a simple way
to act at LOCAL scale against coral
reef mass bleaching : by iron
fertilization at nanomole
concentration. Iron limitation is
said to occur in oligotrophic
waters, mainly for the
photosynthetic apparatus, and
photoinhibition is at root of
bleaching.
Cnidarian respond to nanomole iron
enrichment, as a first experiment
just realised shows me : tentacles
of Anemonia viridis were cut and
incubated in 5ml tubes, with either
no enrichment (n=8), 3nM Fe as
sulfate iron (n=4) and 3uM Fe (n=4)
for one day : 1h light (under a
mild stress of 320uE/m2.s, 29C),
16h dark, 8h light. Photosynthetic
efficiency was measured with a PEA
by fast fluorescence kiFnetics. The
classical stress indicator Fv/Fm
was 0.334 (0.228-0.375) in control,
0.384 (0.345-0.425) at 3nM Fe,
different at p=0.024, and 0.437
(0.393-0.512) at 3uM Fe (p=0.0012).
Electron transport at PS II Qa-Qb
(measured by relative fluorescence
at 2 milliseconds) was similarly
enhanced.
The figure is similar than with
plankton experiments and ocean iron
fertilisations (Science, 1999, 283,
840-843, Nature, 1994, 371,
143-149, and refs. herein). For
coral reef bleaching, there is now
good convergence to indicate that
it originates at PS II or in the
latter electron chain (Jones et
al., 1998, Plant Cell Env, 21,
1219-1230, Warner et al., 1994, id,
19, 291-299, Hoegh-Guldberg,
www.reef.edu.au and refs. herein).
The Fv/Fm bleaching threshold under
light, T and CO2 stresses in 7
experiments with corals and forams
is 0.275+/-0.050 (subm.). Hence the
possibility that local iron
enrichment can protect from
photoinhibition the PS II, cyt
b556, b6-f and/or PS I, and thus
alleviate bleaching.
I know that more theoritical works
would have to be done, primary of
iron concentration in reefs (and
then indication of a relationship
with bleaching or not, that I never
saw, nor the contrary) and in situ
reaction to Fe enrichment measured
by fluorescence. Yet bleaching is
catastrophic and iron enrichment is
not pollutant nor very difficult.
As sulfate iron (FeSO4, 7 H2O, best
diluted before), 2nM Fe is
0.28mg/m3, or 1.39kg per km2  of a
5m depth lagoon. Just to be throw
from a small boat here and there,
or even with a slow leaking can
near the beach, according to local
hydrological conditions, when
bleaching threatens (cf. A. Strong
warning). This is the best
experiment, I guess. Results may
come quickly by comparing different
areas. (If it works, I will sell
you fireworks with rain of sulfate
iron, easy and funny...).
Contact me if you are interested by
the problematic or thinking to do
so. Enrichment raises several
questions but here today is just
given the principles.
Even if effective for a favorite
area, this is a "drop in ocean" in
face of the bleaching global
catastroph.
Good week,
Martin Pecheux
martinpecheux@minitel.net
Nice University, 15 bis rue des
Roses, 06100 Nice, France
Tel +33 492 071 079
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Dec 23 15:58:03 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id PAA13694 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 23 Dec 1999 15:58:02 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA11252; Thu, 23 Dec 1999 16:07:36 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma011230; Thu, 23 Dec 99 16:07:28 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 23 Dec 1999 16:03:50 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id TAA62174; Thu, 23 Dec 1999 19:26:05 GMT
Received: from smtp-out.minitel.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA51866; Thu, 23 Dec 1999 14:25:54 -0500 (EST)
Received: from gmvtx1 (gmailvtx1.globalmail.net [192.168.220.100])
	by smtp-out.minitel.net ([France Telecom Hebergement]) with SMTP id UAA02589
	for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Thu, 23 Dec 1999 20:25:47 +0100 (MET)
Date: Thu, 23 Dec 1999 20:25:47 +0100 (MET)
Message-Id: <199912231925.UAA02589@smtp-out.minitel.net>
Received: from 60424384227 by minitel.net with X25; Thu, 23 Dec 1999 20:25:47 +0200
From: "MARTIN PECHEUX" <martinpecheux@minitel.net>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Iron agaisnt bleaching =?iso-8859-1?Q?=3F?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "MARTIN PECHEUX" <martinpecheux@minitel.net>
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov id PAA13694
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 824
Dear all,
There might be PERHAPS a simple way
to act at LOCAL scale against coral
reef mass bleaching : by iron
fertilization at nanomole
concentration. Iron limitation is
said to occur in oligotrophic
waters, mainly for the
photosynthetic apparatus, and
photoinhibition is at root of
bleaching.
Cnidarian respond to nanomole iron
enrichment, as a first experiment
just realised shows me : tentacles
of Anemonia viridis were cut and
incubated in 5ml tubes, with either
no enrichment (n=8), 3nM Fe as
sulfate iron (n=4) and 3uM Fe (n=4)
for one day : 1h light (under a
mild stress of 320uE/m2.s, 29C),
16h dark, 8h light. Photosynthetic
efficiency was measured with a PEA
by fast fluorescence kiFnetics. The
classical stress indicator Fv/Fm
was 0.334 (0.228-0.375) in control,
0.384 (0.345-0.425) at 3nM Fe,
different at p=0.024, and 0.437
(0.393-0.512) at 3uM Fe (p=0.0012).
Electron transport at PS II Qa-Qb
(measured by relative fluorescence
at 2 milliseconds) was similarly
enhanced.
The figure is similar than with
plankton experiments and ocean iron
fertilisations (Science, 1999, 283,
840-843, Nature, 1994, 371,
143-149, and refs. herein). For
coral reef bleaching, there is now
good convergence to indicate that
it originates at PS II or in the
latter electron chain (Jones et
al., 1998, Plant Cell Env, 21,
1219-1230, Warner et al., 1994, id,
19, 291-299, Hoegh-Guldberg,
www.reef.edu.au and refs. herein).
The Fv/Fm bleaching threshold under
light, T and CO2 stresses in 7
experiments with corals and forams
is 0.275+/-0.050 (subm.). Hence the
possibility that local iron
enrichment can protect from
photoinhibition the PS II, cyt
b556, b6-f and/or PS I, and thus
alleviate bleaching.
I know that more theoritical works
would have to be done, primary of
iron concentration in reefs (and
then indication of a relationship
with bleaching or not, that I never
saw, nor the contrary) and in situ
reaction to Fe enrichment measured
by fluorescence. Yet bleaching is
catastrophic and iron enrichment is
not pollutant nor very difficult.
As sulfate iron (FeSO4, 7 H2O, best
diluted before), 2nM Fe is
0.28mg/m3, or 1.39kg per km2  of a
5m depth lagoon. Just to be throw
from a small boat here and there,
or even with a slow leaking can
near the beach, according to local
hydrological conditions, when
bleaching threatens (cf. A. Strong
warning). This is the best
experiment, I guess. Results may
come quickly by comparing different
areas. (If it works, I will sell
you fireworks with rain of sulfate
iron, easy and funny...).
Contact me if you are interested by
the problematic or thinking to do
so. Enrichment raises several
questions but here today is just
given the principles.
Even if effective for a favorite
area, this is a "drop in ocean" in
face of the bleaching global
catastroph.
Good week,
Martin Pecheux
martinpecheux@minitel.net
Nice University, 15 bis rue des
Roses, 06100 Nice, France
Tel +33 492 071 079
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Dec 24 17:43:38 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id RAA21568 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Fri, 24 Dec 1999 17:43:38 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA17840; Fri, 24 Dec 1999 17:53:13 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma017809; Fri, 24 Dec 99 17:52:17 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 24 Dec 1999 17:48:40 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id UAA69706; Fri, 24 Dec 1999 20:26:42 GMT
Received: from fw1ro7.r1.fws.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id PAA69313; Fri, 24 Dec 1999 15:26:31 -0500 (EST)
From: Jim_Maragos@r1.fws.gov
Received: by fw1ro7.r1.fws.gov(Lotus SMTP MTA v4.6.4  (830.2 3-23-1999))  id 88256851.007045CB ; Fri, 24 Dec 1999 12:26:18 -0800
X-Lotus-FromDomain: FWS
To: "MARTIN PECHEUX" <martinpecheux@minitel.net>,
        coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Message-Id: <88256851.007044B1.00@fw1ro7.r1.fws.gov>
Date: Thu, 23 Dec 1999 13:20:19 -0800
Subject: Iron against bleaching ?  Is iron geritol for corals??
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: inline
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jim_Maragos@r1.fws.gov
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 825
     Martin Pecheux has provided an informative review (below) that suggests
     that iron enrichment may protect corals from bleaching through iron
     enrichment.  However, enrichment may have the opposite effect- accelerate
     the loss and displacement of living corals and other reef builders from
     bleached and other injured reefs.
     We have a "real world" case study providing evidence for iron inhibiting
     reef recovery- that of a 1993 ship grounding at one of our uninhabited and
     previously pristine reef areas, the Rose Atoll National Wildlife Refuge in
     American Samoa (central tropical Pacific).
     A 250 mt Taiwanese longliner ran aground on the SW perimeter reef of the
     atoll in Oct 1993 and quickly broke up before a salvage tug could reach the
     scene six weeks later.  A 100,000 gallon fuel, 500 gallon oil, and 2,500 lb
     ammonia spill from the wreck fanned out over the SW reefs, killing the
     dominant reef builders: crustose coralline pink algae and reef corals.
     After the acute phase of the spill, the ship began breaking into hundreds
     of smaller pieces, releasing ever-increasing quantities of dissolved iron.
     Dead reef surfaces were invaded by cyanobacteria (bluegreen algae, possibly
     including Schizothrix and Lyngbya) and Jania (a red alga) near the iron
     wreckage.  Although pink crustose coralline algae and stony corals are now
     recolonizing some dead reef surfaces away from the wreckage, the bluegreen
     algae continue to dominate reef surfaces downdrift of the metallic wreckage
     and have spread to other reef areas of the atoll not originally killed by
     the spill.
     Dissolved iron concentrations in the water have been measured both near
     metallic wreckage and away from it, and increase dramatically over the
     wreckage site. Iron concentrations also strongly correlate positively with
     bluegreen algal population densities on the underlying reef surfaces.
     Although the salvage company was payed about $1.2 million by the ship
     owner's insurance company to remove the vessel, the salvage company
     succeeded in removing only a fraction of the vessel (bow section) from the
     reef, and no further compensation has been payed by the responsible
     parties. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has raised its own funds to
     complete removal of ship wreckage from the reef flats by last August and
     will initiate removal of reef slope wreckage in the next few months.  At
     the end of the August cleanup, bluegreen algal populations were noticeably
     declining after removal of metallic debris from the flats, and presumably
     in response to the reduction in water-column iron enrichment.
     Stay tuned because we intend to initiate another round of dissolved iron
     and bluegreen algal measurements in the coming months- after the next phase
     of the cleanup is completed.
     Our Rose Atoll case study raises several concerns with respect to iron
     enrichment as a possible panacea for counteracting the effects of coral
     bleaching:
     1) Ship owners and their insurance companies and salvage contractors may
     argue to leave their wrecked vessels on coral reefs (rather than pay the
     large expense of removing them) because iron is "good" for reefs.
     2) If bleaching results in the die-off of corals, cyanobacteria may invade
     the available dead surfaces and actually persist for longer periods-
     because of iron enrichment.
     3) After re-reading Martin's comments, I don't see any evidence from the
     cited laboratory studies that iron itself has actually stimulated
     photosynthesis in bleached stony corals.
     4) Although hypothesis is interesting from a research standpoint, it is
     important to clarify that it is only a hypothesis at this stage- there is
     no positive proof showing that iron aids beleaguered corals.
     5) It is equally, if not more important, to research the potential negative
     effects of iron on coral reefs and add to the evidence that invasive
     bluegreen algae may be stimulated and compete against reef builders for
     space on injured and healthy reefs.  With the increased incidence of vessel
     groundings on reefs, this research could help compel shippers to be more
     cautious around reefs and to legally pay all damage and restoration costs
     associated with groundings.
     Happy Holidays to you all!
     Jim Maragos, Ph.D.,
     Coral Reef Biologist, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Honolulu
     ____________________Reply Separator____________________
     Subject:  Iron agaisnt bleaching ?
     Author:   "MARTIN PECHEUX" <martinpecheux@minitel.net>
     Date:          12/23/99 11:25 AM
Additional Header Information:
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov ([192.111.123.248]) by fw1ro8.r1.fws.gov
(Lotus SMTP MTA v4.6.4  (830.2 3-23-1999)) with SMTP id 88256850.0073BAE2; Thu,
23 Dec 1999 13:04:05 -0800
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
     for coral-list-outgoing id TAA62174; Thu, 23 Dec 1999 19:26:05 GMT
Received: from smtp-out.minitel.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP
(980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
     for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id OAA51866; Thu, 23 Dec 1999 14:25:54
-0500 (EST)
Received: from gmvtx1 (gmailvtx1.globalmail.net [192.168.220.100])
     by smtp-out.minitel.net ([France Telecom Hebergement]) with SMTP id
UAA02589
     for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Thu, 23 Dec 1999 20:25:47 +0100 (MET)
Date: Thu, 23 Dec 1999 20:25:47 +0100 (MET)
Message-Id: <199912231925.UAA02589@smtp-out.minitel.net>
Received: from 60424384227 by minitel.net with X25; Thu, 23 Dec 1999 20:25:47
+0200
From: "MARTIN PECHEUX" <martinpecheux@minitel.net>
To: <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Iron agaisnt bleaching =?iso-8859-1?Q?=3F?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "MARTIN PECHEUX" <martinpecheux@minitel.net>
---------------------------------
Dear all,
There might be PERHAPS a simple way
to act at LOCAL scale against coral
reef mass bleaching : by iron
fertilization at nanomole
concentration. Iron limitation is
said to occur in oligotrophic
waters, mainly for the
photosynthetic apparatus, and
photoinhibition is at root of
bleaching.
Cnidarian respond to nanomole iron
enrichment, as a first experiment
just realised shows me : tentacles
of Anemonia viridis were cut and
incubated in 5ml tubes, with either
no enrichment (n=8), 3nM Fe as
sulfate iron (n=4) and 3uM Fe (n=4)
mild stress of 320uE/m2.s, 29C),
16h dark, 8h light. Photosynthetic
efficiency was measured with a PEA
by fast fluorescence kiFnetics. The
classical stress indicator Fv/Fm
was 0.334 (0.228-0.375) in control,
0.384 (0.345-0.425) at 3nM Fe,
different at p=0.024, and 0.437
(0.393-0.512) at 3uM Fe (p=0.0012).
(measured by relative fluorescence
at 2 milliseconds) was similarly
enhanced.
The figure is similar than with
plankton experiments and ocean iron
fertilisations (Science, 1999, 283,
840-843, Nature, 1994, 371,
143-149, and refs. herein). For
coral reef bleaching, there is now
good convergence to indicate that
it originates at PS II or in the
latter electron chain (Jones et
al., 1998, Plant Cell Env, 21,
1219-1230, Warner et al., 1994, id,
19, 291-299, Hoegh-Guldberg,
www.reef.edu.au and refs. herein).
The Fv/Fm bleaching threshold under
light, T and CO2 stresses in 7
experiments with corals and forams
is 0.275+/-0.050 (subm.). Hence the
possibility that local iron
enrichment can protect from
photoinhibition the PS II, cyt
b556, b6-f and/or PS I, and thus
alleviate bleaching.
I know that more theoritical works
would have to be done, primary of
iron concentration in reefs (and
then indication of a relationship
with bleaching or not, that I never
saw, nor the contrary) and in situ
reaction to Fe enrichment measured
by fluorescence. Yet bleaching is
catastrophic and iron enrichment is
not pollutant nor very difficult.
As sulfate iron (FeSO4, 7 H2O, best
diluted before), 2nM Fe is
0.28mg/m3, or 1.39kg per km2  of a
5m depth lagoon. Just to be throw
from a small boat here and there,
or even with a slow leaking can
near the beach, according to local
hydrological conditions, when
bleaching threatens (cf. A. Strong
warning). This is the best
experiment, I guess. Results may
come quickly by comparing different
areas. (If it works, I will sell
you fireworks with rain of sulfate
iron, easy and funny...).
Contact me if you are interested by
the problematic or thinking to do
so. Enrichment raises several
questions but here today is just
given the principles.
Even if effective for a favorite
area, this is a "drop in ocean" in
face of the bleaching global
catastroph.
Good week,
Martin Pecheux
martinpecheux@minitel.net
Nice University, 15 bis rue des
Roses, 06100 Nice, France
Tel +33 492 071 079
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Dec 26 14:06:29 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo [172.16.100.247])
          by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id OAA01935 for <hendee@aoml.noaa.gov>; Sun, 26 Dec 1999 14:06:28 -0500 (EST)
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA01436; Sun, 26 Dec 1999 14:16:08 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma001400; Sun, 26 Dec 99 14:15:18 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Sun, 26 Dec 1999 14:11:17 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA82216; Sun, 26 Dec 1999 16:19:22 GMT
Message-Id: <199912261619.QAA82216@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Sun, 26 Dec 1999 13:39:49 +0200
From: Vered Echet <vechet@galilcol.ac.il>
To: vechet@galilcol.ac.il
Subject: SELAMAT TAHUN BARU / HAPPY NEW YEAR 2000 from Galillee College - Israel
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Vered Echet <vechet@galilcol.ac.il>
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 826
Dear friend,
Galillee College, the leading higher education institute in Israel in
training senior managers from Developing Countries, would like to
wish you a Happy New Year and to bring your attention to our
up coming program on Environmental Management (February 13 - March 2).
Based on our new scholarship policy towards developing countries, Galillee
College will be able to grant a full tuition scholarship to a qualified
candidate who is a citizen of Indonesia.
This course is designed to fulfill the special requirements of senior
officers and administrators employed in work consistent with the topic of
the above course.
All applicants must have a University degree and be fluent in English.
Once the candidate is admitted, he or she (or your office) will have to
cover only the airfare to and from Israel and the living expenses while
the participant is in Israel.
Should you wish to recommend a candidate or candidates please ask them to
fax the complete registration form as well as their c.v. to our
International Department. As soon as our Admission Committee reviews and
approves the application, a full tuition scholarship will be granted.
Please visit our web site at: <http://www.galilcol.ac.il/> where you will
be able to find general information about Galillee College, review the
detailed study program and register.
I look forward to cooperating with you and your organization.  If you need
any additional information, please do not hesitate contacting us at any
time.
Sincerely yours,
Vered E. Ben-Zvi
Director Far East Division
Galillee College
P.O. Box: 1070
Tivon 36000 Israel
Tel: +972-4-9837-444
Fax: +972-4-9830-227
GALILLEE COLLEGE -REGISTRATION FORM
Environmental Management
February 13 - March 2, 2000
September 6 - 25
Mr. [ ] Ms. [ ] Dr. [ ]
Name: Surname:________________________
Date & Place of Birth:____________________
Passport No: Date of Expiration:_______________________
Mailing Address:_______________________
Telephone: ________________FAX:___________________
E-mail:_______________
Employer's Name & Address:_______________________
Present Position:__________________________
Main job responsibilities:____________________________
Education: _________________years completed Degree:________________
Knowledge of English:  Spoken    Written
* Excellent                 _____     _______
* Good                     _____     ________
Computer Literacy:  Proficient   Need Help   Never Used
* Windows           ________    ________    _________
* Project              ________    ________    _________
* Excel                ________    ________    _________
* Other ___________
How did you learn of this programme:
Request to apply for TUITION SCHOLARSHIP: Yes [ ] No [ ]
Person or organisation responsible for payment of Local Expenses Fees:
______
____________________________________________________________________
--------------00AD2272EDC979BA1106669E
Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Dec 29 02:55:10 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4)
	id CAA07873; Wed, 29 Dec 1999 02:55:09 -0500
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id DAA14144; Wed, 29 Dec 1999 03:01:21 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma014128; Wed, 29 Dec 99 03:01:11 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 29 Dec 1999 02:57:28 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id GAA00032; Wed, 29 Dec 1999 06:18:32 GMT
Received: from spdmgaad.compuserve.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id BAA89934; Wed, 29 Dec 1999 01:18:21 -0500 (EST)
Received: (from mailgate@localhost)
	by spdmgaad.compuserve.com (8.9.3/8.9.3/SUN-1.7) id BAA02487
	for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Wed, 29 Dec 1999 01:18:12 -0500 (EST)
Date: Wed, 29 Dec 1999 01:17:51 -0500
From: Julian Sprung <JSprung@compuserve.com>
Subject: Iron against bleaching ?
To: Coral List <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Message-Id: <199912290118_MC2-92B0-3784@compuserve.com>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Content-Type: text/plain;
	 charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Disposition: inline
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Julian Sprung <JSprung@compuserve.com>
Content-Length: 8946
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 827
Some food for thought-  =
Following Martin PECHEUX's suggestion to experiment with iron fertilizing=
around bleached reefs I am compelled to share some ideas I have that I ho=
pe
will be taken in the spirit I intend them- just ideas, a hypothesis, no i=
ll
intent, and a hope to open everyone's eyes to the POSSIBILITY that many o=
f
us (myself included) up to now have been preaching an erroneous scenario
concerning mass bleaching on coral reefs. I'll get to that in a moment.
First, regarding the iron fertilization suggestion. I agree with Jim
Maragos that the likely result of elevated availability of iron would be =
a
bloom of algae (with undesirable consequences!). Iron fertilization in
closed system aquariums often (but not always) produces that effect,
explosively at times, the availability of phosphate and CO2 also being
important in the equation. =
The suggestion by Martin PECHEUX to fertilize with iron was based on the
notion that bleached corals would benefit if there was a way to stimulate=
the growth of their lost symbionts. Here's where the possible error about=
mass bleaching comes in.
In general the explanation for recent mass coral bleaching and mortality
events (at least as they are reported in the newspapers, dive magazines,
environmental publications, etc.) is based on a story along the following=
lines:
1. High water temperatures STRESS corals.
2. The stressed corals expel their zooxanthellae for some unknown reason
(quite reasonable suggestions here usually offer that the symbiotic
relationship is possible only within a certain temp. range)
3. The "bleached" corals are still alive, but in a weakened state because=
they have lost their symbionts that provide an important source of food t=
o
them.
4. If the corals "remain stressed" and don't regain their zooxanthellae,
they starve and eventually die (or are weakened and subject to attack by
disease and smothering mats of algae).
5. Other factors affect the recovery, such as pollution, eutrophication,
siltation, etc.
What I am going to propose is the POSSIBILITY that this scenario is mostl=
y
wrong, based on what work done by (Toren et al., 1998) implies.
An article in a recent issue of Reef Encounter, Newsletter of the
International Society for Reef Studies describes how bleaching in a speci=
es
of Oculina is caused by a species of bacteria, Vibrio shiloi.  The author=
s
give an analogy to help explain the distinction between the causative
environmental conditions and real "cause" of the disease (ie. the
microorganism). In their example, the flu is prevalent in the winter, whe=
n
weather conditions favor its activity. The cause of the flu is the
microorganism, however, not winter. =
In their study they showed that the way Vibrio shiloi affects the
Mediterranean species Oculina patagonica is mediated by temperature. At
temperatures from 16 - 20 degrees Celsius the disease does not occur, eve=
n
when large numbers of the pathogen are applied to the coral. At 25 - 30
degrees, even a small quantity of V. shiloi will cause the disease.
Further, they showed that at this increased temperature, when antibiotics=
were used to  block the Vibrio, the disease did not occur. =
In a separate study, (Toren et al., 1998) it was found that V. shiloi
adheres to the surface of O. patagonica via a chemical receptor. The
bacteria's counterpart adhesin that recognizes this receptor is not
produced at lower temperatures.  The elevated seawater temperature
therefore is what causes the bacteria to become virulent. It effects a
change in the bacteria, not the coral- the coral is not stressed.
Although the bacteria that affect tropical corals are likely to be
different from V. shiloi, their basic behavior may be similar. Elevated
seawater temperatures on coral reefs are known to be associated with cora=
l
bleaching. The article in Reef Encounter clearly suggests the possibility=
that the elevated sea surface temperatures associated with mass bleaching=
and mortality of corals on tropical reefs may indicate a similar process
happening there, caused by bacteria, not temperature "stress" on corals.
If that is the case, then the scenario could be:
1. At elevated temperatures various strains of bacteria adhere to corals
and become virulent.
2. The bacteria cause the corals to expel zooxanthellae (reason not known=
).
3. The bacteria destroy coral tissue (ie. the corals don't starve, they a=
re
destroyed).
Based on observations in aquaria I tend to believe the latter scenario,
which I am proposing. Furthermore, I believe that there are other
environmental factors that may cause various bacteria to become virulent
and affect corals, temperature notwithstanding. Of course there may be as=
many pathogenic bacteria as there are families of corals, and different
bacteria may become virulent for different reasons, not always with fatal=
results. In aquaria I have seen disease affect only members of one specie=
s,
 genus or family, leaving other corals unharmed. Other times I've seen
rapid death move through an aquarium, affecting all corals as well as oth=
er
invertebrates and even fishes! I have seen diseases that cause impaired
health, reduced growth, bleaching, and sensitivity to light. In many, but=
not all cases, treatment with antibiotics or antibacterial chemicals
(iodine for example) reverses the symptoms. Such observations are anecdot=
al
and surely need closer study. The beauty of aquariums of course is the ea=
se
with which we can control them.
Some additional remarks-
Of course I know that it can be demonstrated that changes in light
intensity and spectrum effect changes in density of pigment and
zooxanthellae. I also know that a variety of factors can cause corals to
expel zooxanthellae, not just bacteria or disease. Please don't misconstr=
ue
what I suggest here.
Regarding stress and reduced resistance to disease, I do not doubt that a=
variety of diseases may affect corals more strongly when the corals are i=
n
an environment that is not ideal. However, it is important to accept that=
at least sometimes a rapidly fatal disease may occur suddenly in perfectl=
y
healthy corals when the disease causing organism is "switched on" by an
environmental stimulus that does not stress the coral directly.
Algae mats grow on exposed coral skeletons, smother, and usually kill
corals, but sometimes they offer a life-saving shade to live coral tissue=
on lower branches during mass bleaching events. =
Corals on reef flats are routinely exposed to temperatures far above thos=
e
associated with mass coral bleaching. What gives these corals the ability=
to tolerate this? Is it just duration of exposure? Intense UV affecting
potential pathogens?
Changes in their surface chemistry? Production of antibacterial substance=
s?
I have for years been bothered by the blurriness in reports of coral
bleaching with respect to the distinction between white-but-alive and
white-without-tissue. At one time I wanted to suggest that new terminolog=
y
needs to be adopted to clarify the distinction. The term "bleaching" is
truly a poor choice since the curio trade uses bleach to clean coral
skeletons, so the public perception is that "bleached" corals are dead. I=
n
general, scientists referring to bleaching really refer to corals that ha=
ve
expelled their zoox's but are still alive. Taking into consideration the
possibility (of mass bleaching events caused by disease) proposed here,
then the distinction between the two conditions ("bleached" vs. dead) in
the case of a mass bleaching event may just be a matter of time only, as
the cause is the same. Bleaching caused by shading or other factors is of=
course something different. Do we need more terminology?
Finally, if  some mass bleaching events are caused by bacteria, can we do=
something about it? That gets back to the original intention of Martin
PECHEUX, which is in principal very worthwhile- even if idealistic- to co=
me
up with a way of reducing the loss of corals by intervening when a mass
bleaching event ocurs. Treatment with antibiotics is of course out of the=
question, but what about iodine or other substances that hinder bacteria?=
Alternatively, is it possible to immunize corals? Is it possible to
chemically block the adhesion of bacteria to the coral? =
I hope that this post stimulates active exchange of ideas in a positive
direction to further understanding of the mechanisms behind coral bleachi=
ng
and disease. I don't mind if I am wrong. I hope others feel the same way.=
Sincerely,
Julian Sprung
Rosenberg, E. and Y. Loya. 1999. Vibrio Shiloi is the Etiological
(Causative) Agent of Oculina Patagonica Bleaching: General Implications.
Reef Encounter.
Toren A., Laundau L., Kushmaro A, Loya Y, and E. Rosenberg (1998) Effect =
of
Temperature on the adhesion of Vibrio AK-1 to Oculina patagonica and cora=
l
bleaching. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 64: 1379 - 1384.
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Dec 29 22:09:46 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4)
	id WAA13099; Wed, 29 Dec 1999 22:09:46 -0500
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA06293; Wed, 29 Dec 1999 22:15:56 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma006275; Wed, 29 Dec 99 22:15:41 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Wed, 29 Dec 1999 22:12:05 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id BAA06312; Thu, 30 Dec 1999 01:54:57 GMT
Received: from mail.rivnet.net by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via SMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id UAA06295; Wed, 29 Dec 1999 20:54:46 -0500 (EST)
Received: from [205.130.32.194] (unverified [205.130.32.194]) by mail.rivnet.net
 (EMWAC SMTPRS 0.83) with SMTP id <B0000778337@mail.rivnet.net>;
 Wed, 29 Dec 1999 20:58:14 -0500
Message-Id: <B0000778337@mail.rivnet.net>
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express for Macintosh - 4.01 (297)
Date: Wed, 29 Dec 1999 20:54:45 -0500
Subject: bleaching-more food for thought
From: "Judith Lang & Lynton Land" <JandL@rivnet.net>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, trench@lifesci.ucsb.edu
Mime-version: 1.0
X-Priority: 3
Content-type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII"
Content-transfer-encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Judith Lang & Lynton Land" <JandL@rivnet.net>
Content-Length: 2566
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 828
Hello everyone,
Holiday greetings!
Several comments on Julian Sprung's most interesting message.
1. The several meanings of the word bleached.
---I suspect that, by now, it is too late to invent a new term to describe
the loss of the microalgal symbionts like Symbiodinium spp. that are
commonly called zooxanthellae (and/or the loss of photosynthetic pigments
from algal symbionts remaining within host tissues), but we can at least
clearly explain what we mean when we use the word bleaching.
2. The confusion between freshly-exposed white skeletons and bleached corals
(particularly acute when observers have poor eyesight and lack corrective,
underwater lenses).
---My experience at dive shops in the wider Caribbean is that the mass
bleaching events, especially during 1998, were such large-scale phenomena
that many amateurs have learned to tell the difference between bleached
(live but colourless soft tissues, through which the white of the underlying
skeleton is clearly visible) and parts of corals that are very recently dead
(for any reason), particularly the divemasters who watched some bleached
corals die whilst others gradually regained their symbionts.
Divers in general tend not to understand that coral polyps are also killed
by predators, competitors and parasites, in addition to severe bleaching and
biotic diseases.
3. Why do reef corals bleach at high temperatures?
While not disputing the possibility of a bacterial component, it is relevant
to point out that Robert Trench (pers. comm.) and his associates have
demonstrated in the laboratory.that Symbiodinium microadriaticum is less
tolerant of warm temperatures than its host, the jellyfish Cassiopeia
xamachana.
In other words, as temperature is increased, bleaching (loss of
zooxanthellae) may occur without mortality of the animal host, so long as
the thermal tolerance of the latter is not exceeded. Moreover, different
species of Symbiodinium have different temperature tolerances, which may not
 not correlate with their molecular genetic classification into clades. For
example, S. microadriaticum belongs to clade A and is sensitive, but S.
pilosum, which is also clade A, actually tolerates high temperatures
(Trench, pers. comm.).
4. The ability of coral hosts to survive without their algal symbionts.
---Bob and I can both remember when Tom Goreau Sr. maintained live, bleached
corals of several genera (mussids, Meandrina meandrites, Manicina areolata)
in simple aquaria, with regular feedings of exogenous particles, for
months-and even years-at a time.
Judy Lang
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Dec 30 13:54:37 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4)
	id NAA17024; Thu, 30 Dec 1999 13:54:37 -0500
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA17151; Thu, 30 Dec 1999 14:04:19 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma017136; Thu, 30 Dec 99 14:04:13 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Thu, 30 Dec 1999 14:00:30 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id RAA02838; Thu, 30 Dec 1999 17:48:18 GMT
Received: from austinx.pbsj.com by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> id MAA10600; Thu, 30 Dec 1999 12:48:10 -0500 (EST)
Received: by AUSTINX with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
	id <Y70KVZFD>; Thu, 30 Dec 1999 11:41:35 -0600
Message-Id: <F54550744074D211BC6B00A0C9E30EB7AE982D@MIAMIX>
From: "Precht, Bill" <Bprecht@pbsj.com>
To: "'Judith Lang & Lynton Land'" <JandL@rivnet.net>,
        coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: RE: bleaching-more food for thought
Date: Thu, 30 Dec 1999 11:43:11 -0600
MIME-Version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: "Precht, Bill" <Bprecht@pbsj.com>
Content-Length: 1984
Status: RO
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 829
Happy New Years...
In a recent posting... Judy Lang wrote the following:
	"The confusion between freshly-exposed white skeletons and bleached
corals
	(particularly acute when observers have poor eyesight and lack
corrective,
	underwater lenses).
	---My experience at dive shops in the wider Caribbean is that the
mass
	bleaching events, especially during 1998, were such large-scale
phenomena
	that many amateurs have learned to tell the difference between
bleached
	(live but colourless soft tissues, through which the white of the
underlying
	skeleton is clearly visible) and parts of corals that are very
recently dead
	(for any reason), particularly the divemasters who watched some
bleached
	corals die whilst others gradually regained their symbionts.
	Divers in general tend not to understand that coral polyps are also
killed
	by predators, competitors and parasites, in addition to severe
bleaching and
	biotic diseases."
Although the 1998 bleaching was dramatic... in reading this passage I am
reminded of going down to Belize in 1992 (a non-bleaching year in Belize).
I ran into a prominent reef scientist who knew of my work on the rhomboid
shoals there... he told me that I needed to take a look at the dramatic
bleaching event that seemed to be Acropora cervicornis specific on these
reefs.  Well these corals were not "bleached" in the scientific context, but
had recently died due to white-band disease.  The moral to this story is
even trained observers miss or confuse even the most obvious
signals...relying on observations by non-scientists only confounds and often
hinders our understanding of even the most dramatic events.  The Caribbean
wide impact of white-band disease and the demise of the acroporids being the
most obvious case in point...
Better observations... not just more of them is what we need if we are to
effectively manage these ecosystems into the next millennium.
Cheers,
Bill
William F. Precht
EcoSciences Program Manager
PBS&J
Miami
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Dec 31 13:59:08 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4)
	id NAA22749; Fri, 31 Dec 1999 13:59:08 -0500
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA26133; Fri, 31 Dec 1999 14:08:52 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma026116; Fri, 31 Dec 99 14:08:04 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 31 Dec 1999 14:04:34 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA17842; Fri, 31 Dec 1999 16:52:18 GMT
Date: Fri, 31 Dec 1999 16:52:18 GMT
Message-Id: <199912311652.QAA17842@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: coral-list admin <jch@aoml.noaa.gov>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: subscribing to coral-list-digest
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: coral-list admin <jch@aoml.noaa.gov>
Content-Length: 1119
Status: O
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 830
Greetings!
	This is just a reminder that you can subscribe to
coral-list-digest instead of (or in addition to) coral-list, if you would
like to receive a digest of the previous week's messages all in one
message.  To unsubscribe from coral-list and subscribe to
coral-list-digest, you can send both of these lines in one message to
majordomo@coral.aoml.noaa.gov,
	unsubscribe coral-list
	subscribe coral-list-digest
Or, if you want both, just send the second line.
	The digest usually comes out just once a week (depends on how many
messages have been sent during the previous week), on Friday.
	I hope this helps lighten your e-mail load.
	Best Wishes for a Happy New Year!
	Cheers,
	Jim Hendee
	coral-list administrator
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Dec 31 13:59:10 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4)
	id NAA22755; Fri, 31 Dec 1999 13:59:09 -0500
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA26137; Fri, 31 Dec 1999 14:08:53 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma026115; Fri, 31 Dec 99 14:08:05 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 31 Dec 1999 14:04:33 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA17744; Fri, 31 Dec 1999 16:30:33 GMT
Message-Id: <199912311630.QAA17744@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Wed, 29 Dec 1999 16:44:07 -0500 (GMT-0500)
From: Centre for Marine Science <cms@uwimona.edu.jm>
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Position available
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Centre for Marine Science <cms@uwimona.edu.jm>
Content-Length: 857
Status: O
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 831
The post of Assistant Director in the Centre for Marine Sciences,
University of the West Indies, with responsibility for the Discovery Bay
Marine Laboratory, was recently advertised (preferably a coastal physical
oceanographer or a person interested in coral reefs).  The advertisement
stated that further particulars were available on the University's web
site, but they have only just been posted.  Go to www.uwimona.edu.jm/ and
click on Staff Info, then Vacancies.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Dec 31 13:59:10 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4)
	id NAA22759; Fri, 31 Dec 1999 13:59:09 -0500
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA26135; Fri, 31 Dec 1999 14:08:53 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xmaa26116; Fri, 31 Dec 99 14:08:05 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 31 Dec 1999 14:04:42 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA17429; Fri, 31 Dec 1999 16:33:40 GMT
Message-Id: <199912311633.QAA17429@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
From: Jill Sunderland <Sunderland@HBOI.edu>
To: "'coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov'" <coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: Summer Course Information
Date: Thu, 30 Dec 1999 09:20:03 -0500
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Jill Sunderland <Sunderland@HBOI.edu>
Content-Length: 4900
Status: O
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 832
J. Seward Johnson Marine Education and Conference Center at Harbor Branch
Oceanographic Institution announces their Summer Program for 2000.
The following courses are accredited either through Florida Atlantic
University or Florida Institute of Technology.  Scholarships are available
for graduate courses and may be substantial for students from developing
regions.  Internship opportunities (open to US citizens or green card
holders) are also available for undergraduates and graduate students and
provide a modest stipend.
Tuition for FAU undergraduate courses is $75 per credit hour for Florida
residents and $308 per credit hour for out-of-state students and FIT
graduate courses are $598 per credit hour.  For more information and the
program brochure, contact Dr. Sue Cook or Jill Sunderland at HBOI, 5600 US
#1 North, Ft. Pierce, Florida 34946; Tel: (800) 333-4264, ext. 500; FAX
(561) 465-5743; E-mail education@hboi.edu.
Undergraduate level courses accredited through Florida Atlantic University
Functional Biology of Marine Invertebrates, May 29 - June 23
	Drs. Clay Cook and Craig Young (HBOI).  Examination of how
invertebrate animals with diverse body plans feed, move, reproduce and deal
with other biological problems.  Lectures complemented by extensive
'hands-on' observations of live animals (primarily marine) and independent
research projects. 5 credits.
Practical Aquaculture Techniques, July 17- August 4
	Leroy Creswell, M.S. and Dr. Megan Davis-Hodgkins (HBOI).  A
comprehensive focus on aquaculture, design principles for recirculating
systems, water quality assessment, clam farming, shrimp farming, finfish
farming and live feeds.  Extensive practical training in hatchery and
grow-out techniques. 4 credits.
Biological Oceanography, July 10 - August 4
	Physical, chemical and biological processes of the oceans, focusing
on special adaptations for life in the sea and factors controlling
distribution and abundance of marine organisms in pelagic ecosystems.
Emphasis will be on understanding the scales and coupling of biotic and
physical variability in open ocean ecosystems and the history and use of
modern sampling techniques and equipment. 4 credits
Graduate level courses accredited through Florida Institute of Technology
Marine Fish Culture, May 15 - May 26
	Drs. John Tucker, (HBOI) and Blain Kennedy, (Aquatic Veterinarian).
Techniques for spawning and rearing marine finfish.  An overview of egg and
larval characteristics, nutrition, chemical and physical requirements,
diseases, and energetics, with detailed information on representative
cultured finfish, live and formulated foods, and health management. 3
credits.
Biology of Sea Turtles, May 15 - May 27
	Dr. Jeanette Wyneken (Florida Atlantic University).  An introduction
to the behavioral, ecological and evolutionary adaptations of these
threatened or endangered animals.  Lecture and labs with field trips to
nesting beaches and Indian River Lagoon. 3 credits.
Global Environmental Problems and Solutions, May 15 - June 2
	Dr. Iver Duedall (Florida Institute of Technology).  Global
environmental issues including climate change, ozone depletion, population
growth and environmental consequences of resource use.  Emphasis on the
ocean. 3 credits.
Ecology and Life History of Fishes in Subtropical Ecosystems, May 22 - June
16
	Dr. Denis Goulet (HBOI). Field and laboratory experimental studies
of fish ecology and early life histories in freshwater, mangrove and coral
reef ecosystems within the Indian River Lagoon and Florida Keys. 5 credits.
Molecular Studies of Marine Biological Diversity, June 19 - July 2
	Dr. Jose V. Lopez (HBOI).  Laboratory and field studies of intra -
and interspecific genetic variation of selected marine invertebrates.
Studies on tropical mangrove and coral reef habitats in the Indian River
Lagoon and Andros Island, Bahamas will be made in a marine conservation
context and modern molecular techniques applied. 3 credits.
Transport Processes in Marine Environments, July 17 - July 28
	Dr. Ned Smith (HBOI).  An introduction to the transport of dissolved
and suspended material by currents and turbulent mixing.  Emphasis on the
transport of larvae, pollutants, nutrients and suspended sediments in
estuarine and continental shelf waters. 3 credits.
Jill Sunderland
Administrative Assistant
J. Seward Johnson Marine Education
 and Conference Center
5600 US 1 North
Ft. Pierce, FL  34946
phone: 561-465-2400 ext. 506
FAX: 561-465-5743
e-mail sunderland@hboi.edu
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Dec 31 14:02:11 1999 -0500
Return-Path: <owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov>
Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4)
	id OAA22783; Fri, 31 Dec 1999 14:02:10 -0500
Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA26307; Fri, 31 Dec 1999 14:11:55 -0500
Received: from mh.rdc.noaa.gov(140.90.27.59) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (4.1)
	id xma026286; Fri, 31 Dec 99 14:11:07 -0500
Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov by noaamh2.noaa.gov with ESMTP; Fri, 31 Dec 1999 14:07:28 -0500
Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI)
	for coral-list-outgoing id QAA09576; Fri, 31 Dec 1999 16:37:11 GMT
Message-Id: <199912311637.QAA09576@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Date: Thursday, December 16, 1999
To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
From: Kevin Hutton <khutton@cnie.org> (via Mark Eakin)
Suject: "Special Competition" for Grants
Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Kevin Hutton <khutton@cnie.org> (via Mark Eakin)
Content-Length: 8585
Status: O
X-Status:
X-Keywords:
X-UID: 833
>Update From:=A0 The Committee for the National Institute for the
Environment
>Re:=A0 National Science Foundation Announces $50 million "Special
>Competition" for grants on Biocomplexity in the Environment
> December 16, 1999
> The National Science Foundation (NSF) has announced a special
>competition to award $50 million in grants under the
>Biocomplexity in the Environment (BE) initiative launched by
>NSF Director Rita Colwell. During 1999, CNIE, with much
>assistance from supporters of the NIE, has educated Congress
>about the importance of the BE initiative. Congress=A0 funded the
>initiative by this fall at the level requested by the Foundation.
>"Biocomplexity in the Environment" is now the descriptor of the
>full portfolio of environmental science and engineering at NSF.
>The grants to be allocated in fiscal year 2000 represents the
>beginnings of the additional $1 billion/year that the National
>Science Foundation hopes to receive as a result of the recently
>adopted report Environmental Science and Engineering in the
>21st Century: the role of the National Science Foundation. The
>report stems from a congressional request that NSF to study the
>creation of a National Institute for the Environment (NIE)
>through the Foundation. The report recommends implementing
>nearly all the activities proposed for an NIE directly through
>the National Science Foundation. CNIE has endorsed the report,
>committed to working for its full implementation, and suspended
>its call for creation of an NIE.
> In recent weeks, CNIE has met with Congressional staff to
>further educate them about the BE initiative, its relationship
>with the NSF report recommendations, and the need to provide a
>major funding increase next year to implement all the
>recommendations contained in the report. In November, CNIE
>organized a letter to the White House Office of Management and
>Budget in support of increased funding for NSF. This letter was
>signed by over 175 scientific societies, environmental
>organizations, business groups and colleges and universities;
>including the U.S. Chamber of Commerce and the Sierra Club.
> The introduction to the NSF program announcement=A0 describes
>the initiative in the following ways:
>"Biocomplexity refers to phenomena that result from dynamic
>interactions among the biological, physical and social
>components of the Earth's diverse environmental systems. We
>commonly experience these phenomena as the "whole being greater
>than the sum of the parts." Biocomplexity arises from the
>interplay between life and its environment, i.e., from the
>behavioral, biological, social, chemical and physical
>interactions that affect, sustain, or are modified by living
organisms, including humans.
> All systems associated with life, including human systems,
>exhibit biocomplexity. Population oscillations, host-parasite
>interactions, pathogen response to El Nino events, human
>responses to environmental stimuli, and bioreactor instability
>are but a few examples of complex behaviors exhibited by
>environmental systems defined or influenced by living organisms.
> Since nonlinear or chaotic behavior, emergent phenomena, and
>interactions involving multiple levels of biological
>organization and/or multiple spatial (microns to thousands of
>kilometers) and temporal (nanoseconds to eons) scales often
>identify Biocomplexity, it is difficult to describe and study
>experimentally. This greatly restricts our ability to predict
>the behavior of most systems with living organisms, including
>those formed via human activity.
> Breaking such systems into their component parts and studying
>them separately cannot lead to complete understanding. At some
>point, the system as a whole must be studied to identify
>emergent behaviors. In addition to a holistic approach, a
>clear, integrated conceptual framework for analysis is
>required. Such research is integrated formally and a priori,
>rather than by relying on ad hoc analysis of results collected
>at different times and places. At the same time the paradigms
>used to probe the complete system must be designed on the basis
>of the known properties of the components of the system.
> Major questions about biocomplexity remain unanswered. How
>does complexity among biological, physical and social systems
>within the environment arise and change? How do emergent
>properties develop? How do systems with living components,
>including those that are human based, respond and adapt to
>stress? How does information and material move within and
>across levels in systems? Are adaptation and change
>predictable? How do humans influence and respond to biocomplexity in
natural systems?
> Decades of fruitful research, following the reductionist
>paradigm, generated a vast wealth of knowledge about the living
>and non-living subcomponents of many environmental systems. Now
>researchers from a broad spectrum of fields, armed with
>burgeoning databases and a new array of computational,
>observational, and analytical tools can undertake the
>integrative research necessary to tackle biocomplexity. The
>study of biocomplexity offers many challenges to modeling
>methods, including mathematical and computational ones.
>Descriptions of aggregate behavior, nonlinear phenomena,
>networks with distributed or local control, or combinations of
>continuous and discrete behavior as well as new visualization
>methods can be applied to address biocomplexity. Genome
>sequencing, DNA-chips, robotics, computer simulations, new
>sensors and monitoring systems, along with satellite-based
>imaging of the land and seas, all contribute to the flood of
>data relevant to the understanding of biocomplexity. Knowledge
>discovery techniques (e.g., datamining, visualization,
>summarization, trend extraction, etc.) are being developed to
>convert the volumes of data into new knowledge.
> The challenge of understanding biocomplexity in the
>environment requires sophisticated and creative approaches that
>integrate information across temporal and spatial scales,
>consider multiple levels of organization, and cross-conceptual
>boundaries. Advancing our understanding of the nature and role
>of biocomplexity demands increased attention and new
>collaborations of researchers from a broad spectrum of fields
>-- biology, physics, chemistry, ecology, geology, hydrology,
>mathematics, statistics, social and behavioral sciences, computer
sciences and engineering."
> See the full text at=A0
><http://www.nsf.gov/pubs/2000/nsf0022/nsf0022.htm
><http://www.nsf.gov/pubs/2000/nsf0022/nsf0022.htm>>
> The competition will support work in two areas:
>=A5 Integrated Research "to better understand and model
>complexity that arises from the interaction of biological,
>physical, and social systems. . . specifically . . . research
>projects which directly explore nonlinearities, chaotic
>behavior, emergent phenomena or feedbacks within and between
>systems and/or integrate across multiple components or scales
>of time and space in order to better understand and predict the
>dynamic behavior of systems. " "Research Projects can be up to
>5 years in duration. Annual budgets may be up to $600,000, with
>budgets up to $1 million each year possible if extremely well
justified."
>=A5 Incubation Activities "that enable groups of researchers who
>have not historically collaborated on biocomplexity research to
>develop projects via focused workshops, virtual meetings, and
>other types of development and planning Activities."
>"Incubation Activities can be up to two years duration with
>total budgets not to exceed $100,000 and cannot be renewed."
>The deadline for letters of intent is January 31, 2000 and for
>proposals March 1, 2000. The anticipated date of awards: September
2000
> CNIE, as a multidisciplinary, multi-institutional,
>cross-sectoral coalition, would be pleased to provide pro-bono
>assistance anybody seeking to establish new collaborations to
>carry out work which will improve the scientific basis for
>environmental decisions. Contact David Blockstein
>David@CNIE.org or 202-530-5810 x 205 or use the Environmental
>Research Information Exchange bulletin board at <www.cnie.org>.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
sponsors coral-list and the Coral Health and Monitoring Program
(CHAMP, http://www.coral.noaa.gov).  Please visit the Web site
for instructions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~