Design and Construction Guidance for Community Safe Rooms
FEMA 361, Second Edition/August 2008

APPENDIX F - DOORS AND HARDWARE THAT PASSED PREVIOUS MISSILE IMPACT TESTS

The tables on the following pages document the performance of some available 
doors and door hardware that passed wind pressure and impact requirements 
contained in previous editions of FEMA 320, Taking Shelter From the Storm. The 
inclusion of door systems in this appendix does not signify that the systems 
will necessarily pass the current missile impact and pressure criteria. The 
doors and door hardware included herein provide only a starting point to see 
what type of doors could withstand the old standards. However, the testing 
program focused on a variety of doors and hardware systems rather than multiple 
tests of a single type of door system. The data presented are single-test 
results, which are intended to be used as indicators of expected performance and 
not a certification that the door will pass the requirements in this publication 
and the ICC-500, which are, in some areas, more stringent.

A residential shelter in FEMA 320 is considered a partially enclosed structure 
(enclosed and partially enclosed buildings are defined by ASCE 7-05) that 
uses an internal pressure coefficient of GCP subscript i = 0.55 for components 
and cladding (C&C) design. The previous edition of FEMA 320 (the standard to 
which these door systems were tested) used an enclosed structure in the design 
of the safe rooms that used GCP subscript i = 0.18. This reduced value for the 
internal pressure coefficient resulted in lower loads, to which these door 
systems were tested. It is important that any door and door hardware to be used 
in a safe room application be tested to the current requirements. 
The change in pressure coefficients has increased the design wind pressures for 
doors and windows in community safe rooms. Most of the door systems discussed in 
this publication and presented in this appendix have been successfully tested to 
wind pressure values associated with a 200-mph wind speed (Figure 2-2). However, 
many safe rooms will be located in areas with 250-mph speeds. The maximum wind 
pressures on a safe room occur at building corners.
This appendix attempts to provide information on door/door hardware systems that 
are readily available from manufacturers. All doors in this appendix have passed 
the 15-lb 2x4 at 100 mph missile impact criteria. Chapter 7 discussed wide 
single-door systems (greater than 36 inches wide, specifically 44-inch widths) 
and double-door systems. 
It is important to note that the size of the door that is being tested will 
affect the design wind pressure to which a door should be designed. 
Specifically, the external pressure coefficient (GC subscript p) will vary with 
location along the wall (proximity to the building corner) and with the area of 
the door when calculating C&C loads using ASCE 7-05. 
The testing of standard doors and door hardware will continue after the 
publication of this manual. The goal of this testing is to determine whether 
available doors and door hardware will be capable of resisting the highest of 
wind pressures associated with 250-mph wind speeds. Updates on tested door 
systems will be posted on the Texas Tech University (TTU) web page at 
http://www.wind.ttu.edu. 
The information presented in this appendix includes the internal pressure 
coefficient used, dimensions, lock details and other factors of door 
construction, and whether it passed the missile impact and pressure tests from 
the previous editions of FEMA 361 and 320. Due to proprietary concerns and 
federal policy, door, window, and lock manufacturers are not listed by name in 
the table. The designer should note that these test results were derived from 
door systems that used door hardware systems that may not be acceptable for 
egress under some occupancy classifications.

[Begin table]
Results of Wind Pressure Tests on Doors with Individually Activated Latching 
Mechanisms

Date: 3/31/98
Test type: Pressure
Door Description: 14-gauge steel door with 20-gauge metal ribs. The door was 
installed and tested as a swing-out door.
Lock Description: Sargent mortise lock with deadbolt function. 
Failure Pressure: 0.97 psi
Pressurization Results: Lock held to 0.97psi. The lock failed internally when 
the bar connecting the deadbolt bent, allowing the door to swing open. 

Date: 3/6/98
Test type: Pressure
Door Description: 14-gauge steel door with polystyrene infill. The door was 
installed and tested as a swing-out door.
Lock Description: none
Failure Pressure: 1.37 psi
Pressurization Results: The door failed at a pressure of 1.37 psi. The door 
failure was due to the failure of the lock set; also, the door did open due to 
the pressure.

Date: 3/26/98
Test type: Pressure
Door Description: 14-gauge door with a polystyrene infill. The door was mounted 
and tested as a swing-in door.
Lock Description: Yale mortise lock set with deadbolt function.
Failure Pressure: 1.2 psi
Pressurization Results: The door failed at a pressure of 1.2 psi. The door 
failure was due to the failure of the lock set; also, the door did open due to 
the pressure.

Date: 3/31/98 
Test type: Pressure
Door Description: 20-gauge door, a honeycomb infill, with a 14-gauge steel plate 
mounted on the non-impact side. The door was mounted and tested as a swing-in 
door.
Lock Description: Standard heavy-duty lock with three 1.2-inch slide bolts 
mounted opposite the hinges
Failure Pressure: 1.36 psi
Pressurization Results: The modified door held a pressure of 1.36 psi for 5 
seconds.

Date: 4/1/98
Test type: Pressure
Door Description: 20-gauge door, a honeycomb infill, with a 14-gauge steel plate 
mounted on the non-impact side. The door was mounted and tested as a swing-in 
door.
Lock Description: Standard heavy-duty lock with three 1.2-inch slide bolts 
mounted opposite the hinges.
Failure Pressure: 1.46 psi
Pressurization Results: The modified door held a pressure of 1.46 psi for 5 
second s.

Date: 5/98
Test type: Pressure
Door Description: Six-panel metal-covered wood-frame door with a sheet of 14-
gauge steel attached. 
Lock Description: Standard off-the-shelf doorknob with three deadbolt locks 
placed opposite the hinges.
Failure Pressure: 1.21 psi
Pressurization Results: The modified door failed at the location of the 
deadbolts at 1.21 psi. The hardware appeared to cause the door to fail.

Date: 5/98
Test type: Pressure
Door Description: Solid-core wood door with a sheet of 14-gauge steel attached.
Lock Description: Standard off-the-shelf doorknob with three deadbolt locks 
placed opposite the hinges. 
Failure Pressure: 1.13 psi
Pressurization Results: The modified door failed at the location of the 
deadbolts at 1.13 psi. The hardware appeared to cause the door to fail. 

Date: 5/98
Test type: Pressure
Door Description: Six-panel solid-wood door with a sheet of 14-gauge steel 
attached.Lock Description: Standard off-the-shelf doorknob with three deadbolt 
locks placed opposite the hinges. 
Failure Pressure: 1.12 psi
Pressurization Results: The modified door failed at the location of the 
deadbolts at 1.12 psi. The hardware appeared to cause the door to fail.
[End table]

[Begin table]
Results of Missile Impact Tests on Doors with Individually Activated Latching 
Mechanisms

Date: 
Test type: Missile
Door Description: 14-gauge steel door with 20-gauge metal ribs. The door was 
installed and tested as a swing-out door.
Lock Description: Sargent mortise lock with deadbolt function
Missile Threshold (mph): >100
Impact Results: The door withstood several impacts at the midpoint of the door 
next to the hardware and at the upper and lower corners next to the hinges and 
on the lock side, respectively.
Impact Speed (mph): 82.35, 81.99, 104.83, 106.57

Date: 3/26/98
Test type: Missile
Door Description: 14-gauge door with a polystyrene infill. The door was mounted 
and tested as a swing-in door.
Lock Description: Yale mortise lock with deadbolt function.
Missile Threshold (mph): 81
Impact Results: Door failed the impact test due to hardware failure. When 
modified with three slide bolt locks mounted opposite the hinges, the door was 
successful.
Impact Speed (mph): 81.3

Date: 3/31/98
Test type: Missile
Door Description: 20-gauge door, a honeycomb infill, with a 14-gauge steel plate 
mounted on the non-impact side. The door was mounted and tested as a swing-in 
door.
Lock Description: Standard heavy duty lock with three 1/2-inch slide bolts 
mounted opposite the hinges.
Missile Threshold (mph): 104
Impact Results: There was a local failure of the hardware, but the redundancies 
in the hardware held the door in place. The missile penetrated the impact skin, 
but did not perforate the non-impact side or the 14-gauge steel plate. There was 
permanent deformation.
Impact Speed (mph): 103.88

Date: 4/1/98
Test type: Missile
Door Description: 20-gauge door, a honeycomb infill, with a 14-gauge steel plate 
mounted on the non-impact side. The door was mounted and tested as a swing-in 
door.
Lock Description:
Missile Threshold (mph): 104
Impact Results: The missile did not penetrate the door, but it caused permanent 
deformation in the internal door frame. (The door buckled around the standard 
lock set.)
Impact Speed (mph): 104.09

[End table]

[Begin table]
Results of Wind Pressure and Missile Impact Tests on Double-Door Set with Panic 
Bar Hardware and Single-Action Lever Hardware

Date: 5/00
Test Type: Pressure and Missile:
Door Description: 3-foot x 7-foot steel 14-gauge door with 14-gauge steel 
channels as hinge and lock rails and 16-gauge channels at top and bottom. 
Polystyrene infill or honeycomb core. 14-gauge steel frame with 14-gauge center 
steel mullion.
Hardware Description: Externally mounted three-point latching mechanism with 
panic bar release, 5/8-inch headbolt and footbolt with 1-inch throw, and 
mortised center deadbolt.
Test Results: Pressure reached 1.37 psi without failure. Missile impact at 100 
mph did not perforate.

Date: 5/00
Test Type: Pressure and Missile:
Door Description: 3-foot x 7-foot steel 14-gauge door with 14-gauge steel 
channels as hinge and lock rails and 16-gauge channels at top and bottom. 
Polystyrene infill or honeycomb core. 14-gauge steel frame with 14-gauge center 
steel mullion.
Hardware Description: Externally mounted three-point latching mechanism with 
single-action lever release, 1-inch solid mortised center deadbolt with 1-inch 
throw, and two 1-inch x 3/8 -inch solid hookbolts, one below and one above the 
deadbolt.
Test Results: Pressure reached 1.37 psi without failure of door, although top 
hookbolt failed. Missile imapct at 100 mph pushed door through frame, causing 
center mullion to rotate. Testing inconclusive; further testing required.

[End table]

[Begin table] 
Door/Widow Manufacturer (D/W Mfr): D Mfr 1
Internal Pressure Coefficient: enclosed
Pressure Test?: yes
Impact Test?: yes
Size w x h: 3x7
Center Mullion: no
Lock Manufacturer (L Mfr): L Mfr 1 
Locking Mechanism: 3-point
Push Bar?: no
Latch (3/4):yes 
Deadbolts (1): yes
Hinges : 1  pair
Door Swing: out
Remarks: none

Door/Widow Manufacturer (D/W Mfr): D Mfr 2
Internal Pressure Coefficient: enclosed
Pressure Test?: yes
Impact Test?: yes
Size w x h: 3x7
Center Mullion: no
Lock Manufacturer (L Mfr): L Mfr 2 
Locking Mechanism: 3-point
Push Bar?: no
Latch (3/4):yes 
Deadbolts (1): yes
Hinges : 1  pair
Door Swing: in
Remarks: none

Door/Widow Manufacturer (D/W Mfr): D Mfr 3
Internal Pressure Coefficient: enclosed
Pressure Test?: yes
Impact Test?: yes
Size w x h: 3x7
Center Mullion: no
Lock Manufacturer (L Mfr): L Mfr 1 
Locking Mechanism: 3-point
Push Bar?: no
Latch (3/4):yes 
Deadbolts (1): yes
Hinges : 1  pair
Door Swing: in
Remarks: none

Door/Widow Manufacturer (D/W Mfr): D Mfr 3
Internal Pressure Coefficient: enclosed
Pressure Test?: yes
Impact Test?: yes
Size w x h: 3x7
Center Mullion: no
Lock Manufacturer (L Mfr): L Mfr 2 
Locking Mechanism: 3-point
Push Bar?: no
Latch (3/4):yes 
Deadbolts (1): yes
Hinges : 1  pair
Door Swing: in
Remarks: none

Door/Widow Manufacturer (D/W Mfr): D Mfr 4
Internal Pressure Coefficient: enclosed
Pressure Test?: yes
Impact Test?: yes
Size w x h: 3x7
Center Mullion: no
Lock Manufacturer (L Mfr): L Mfr 3 
Locking Mechanism: M.P. (note 1)
Push Bar?: no
Latch (3/4): yes 
Deadbolts (1): no
Hinges : 1  pair
Door Swing: in
Remarks: 14 Lock Points, M. Security Frame

Door/Widow Manufacturer (D/W Mfr): D Mfr 5
Internal Pressure Coefficient: enclosed
Pressure Test?: yes
Impact Test?: yes
Size w x h: 3x7
Center Mullion: no
Lock Manufacturer (L Mfr): L Mfr 4 
Locking Mechanism: 3-point
Push Bar?: no
Latch (3/4):yes 
Deadbolts (1): yes
Hinges : 1  pair
Door Swing: in
Remarks: none

Door/Widow Manufacturer (D/W Mfr): D Mfr 6
Internal Pressure Coefficient: enclosed
Pressure Test?: yes
Impact Test?: yes
Size w x h: 32x83
Center Mullion: no
Lock Manufacturer (L Mfr): L Mfr 5 
Locking Mechanism: M.P. (note 1)
Push Bar?: no
Latch (3/4): yes 
Deadbolts (1): no
Hinges : 1 pair
Door Swing: in
Remarks: 10 Lock Points

Door/Widow Manufacturer (D/W Mfr): D Mfr 6
Internal Pressure Coefficient: enclosed
Pressure Test?: yes
Impact Test?: yes
Size w x h: 32x81
Center Mullion: no
Lock Manufacturer (L Mfr): L Mfr 5 
Locking Mechanism: M.P. (note 1)
Push Bar?: no
Latch (3/4): yes 
Deadbolts (1): no
Hinges : 1 1/2 pair
Door Swing: in
Remarks: 6 Lock Points

Door/Widow Manufacturer (D/W Mfr): D Mfr 6
Internal Pressure Coefficient: enclosed
Pressure Test?: yes
Impact Test?: yes
Size w x h: 36x80
Center Mullion: no
Lock Manufacturer (L Mfr): L Mfr 5 
Locking Mechanism: M.P. (note 1)
Push Bar?: no
Latch (3/4): yes 
Deadbolts (1): no
Hinges : 1 1/2 pair
Door Swing: in
Remarks: 6 Lock Points

Door/Widow Manufacturer (D/W Mfr): D Mfr 7
Internal Pressure Coefficient: enclosed
Pressure Test?: yes
Impact Test?: yes
Size w x h: 3x7
Center Mullion: no
Lock Manufacturer (L Mfr): L Mfr 6 
Locking Mechanism: 3-point
Push Bar?: no
Latch (3/4): yes 
Deadbolts (1): no
Hinges: 1 1/2 pair
Door Swing: in
Remarks: none

Door/Widow Manufacturer (D/W Mfr): D Mfr 8
Internal Pressure Coefficient: enclosed
Pressure Test?: yes
Impact Test?: yes
Size w x h: 3x7
Center Mullion: no
Lock Manufacturer (L Mfr): L Mfr 6 
Locking Mechanism: 3-point
Push Bar?: no
Latch (3/4): yes 
Deadbolts (1): no
Hinges: 1 1/2 pair
Door Swing: in
Remarks: none

Door/Widow Manufacturer (D/W Mfr): D Mfr 9
Internal Pressure Coefficient: partially enclosed
Pressure Test?: yes
Impact Test?: yes
Size w x h: 3x7 pair
Center Mullion: Removable
Lock Manufacturer (L Mfr): L Mfr 6 
Locking Mechanism: 3-point
Push Bar?: yes
Latch (3/4): no 
Deadbolts (1): no
Hinges: 1 1/2 pair
Door Swing: out
Remarks: none

Door/Widow Manufacturer (D/W Mfr): D Mfr 9
Internal Pressure Coefficient: partially enclosed
Pressure Test?: yes
Impact Test?: yes
Size w x h: 4x8 pair
Center Mullion: Removable
Lock Manufacturer (L Mfr): L Mfr 6 
Locking Mechanism: 3-point
Push Bar?: yes
Latch (3/4): no 
Deadbolts (1): no
Hinges: 2 pair
Door Swing: out
Remarks: none

Door/Widow Manufacturer (D/W Mfr): D Mfr 2
Internal Pressure Coefficient: partially enclosed
Pressure Test?: yes
Impact Test?: yes
Size w x h: 3x7
Center Mullion: no
Lock Manufacturer (L Mfr): L Mfr 6 
Locking Mechanism: 3-point
Push Bar?: yes
Latch (3/4): no 
Deadbolts (1): no
Hinges: 1 1/2 pair
Door Swing: out
Remarks: none

Door/Widow Manufacturer (D/W Mfr): D Mfr 2
Internal Pressure Coefficient: partially enclosed
Pressure Test?: yes
Impact Test?: yes
Size w x h: 3x7 pair
Center Mullion: Removable
Lock Manufacturer (L Mfr): L Mfr 7 (note 2) 
Locking Mechanism: 3-point
Push Bar?: yes
Latch (3/4): no 
Deadbolts (1): no
Hinges: 1 1/2 pair
Door Swing: out
Remarks: 16-gauge hollow metal frame

Door/Widow Manufacturer (D/W Mfr): D Mfr 10
Internal Pressure Coefficient: partially enclosed
Pressure Test?: yes
Impact Test?: no
Size w x h: 10x10
Center Mullion: no
Lock Manufacturer (L Mfr): L Mfr 8 
Locking Mechanism: 
Push Bar?: no
Latch (3/4): no 
Deadbolts (1): no
Hinges: 
Door Swing: N/A
Remarks: Coiling Overhead Door

Door/Widow Manufacturer (D/W Mfr): D Mfr 3
Internal Pressure Coefficient: partially enclosed
Pressure Test?: yes
Impact Test?: yes
Size w x h: 3x7
Center Mullion: no
Lock Manufacturer (L Mfr): L Mfr 9 
Locking Mechanism: 3-point
Push Bar?: yes
Latch (3/4): no 
Deadbolts (1): no
Hinges: 1 1/2 pair
Door Swing: out
Remarks: 2.55 psi max. pressure

Door/Widow Manufacturer (D/W Mfr): D Mfr 3
Internal Pressure Coefficient: partially enclosed
Pressure Test?: yes
Impact Test?: yes
Size w x h: 3x7 
Center Mullion: no
Lock Manufacturer (L Mfr): L Mfr 9 
Locking Mechanism: 3-point
Push Bar?: yes
Latch (3/4): no 
Deadbolts (1): no
Hinges: 1 1/2 pair
Door Swing: out
Remarks: 5.00 psi max. pressure

Door/Widow Manufacturer (D/W Mfr): D Mfr 4
Internal Pressure Coefficient: partially enclosed
Pressure Test?: yes
Impact Test?: yes
Size w x h: 3x7 
Center Mullion: no
Lock Manufacturer (L Mfr): L Mfr 3
Locking Mechanism: M.P. (note 1)
Push Bar?: yes
Latch (3/4): no 
Deadbolts (1): no
Hinges: 1 pair
Door Swing: out
Remarks: 14 Lock Points, M. Security Frame

Door/Widow Manufacturer (D/W Mfr): D Mfr 5
Internal Pressure Coefficient: partially enclosed
Pressure Test?: yes
Impact Test?: yes
Size w x h: 3x7 
Center Mullion: no
Lock Manufacturer (L Mfr): L Mfr 6
Locking Mechanism: 3-point
Push Bar?: yes
Latch (3/4): no 
Deadbolts (1): no
Hinges: 1  pair
Door Swing: out
Remarks: none

Door/Widow Manufacturer (D/W Mfr): D Mfr 7
Internal Pressure Coefficient: partially enclosed
Pressure Test?: yes
Impact Test?: yes
Size w x h: 3x7 
Center Mullion: no
Lock Manufacturer (L Mfr): L Mfr 6
Locking Mechanism: 3-point
Push Bar?: yes
Latch (3/4): no 
Deadbolts (1): no
Hinges: 1  pair
Door Swing: out
Remarks: none

Door/Widow Manufacturer (D/W Mfr): D Mfr 7
Internal Pressure Coefficient: partially enclosed
Pressure Test?: yes
Impact Test?: yes
Size w x h: 3x7 pair
Center Mullion: no
Lock Manufacturer (L Mfr): L Mfr 6
Locking Mechanism: 2-point
Push Bar?: yes
Latch (3/4): no 
Deadbolts (1): no
Hinges: 1  pair
Door Swing: out
Remarks: none

Door/Widow Manufacturer (D/W Mfr): D Mfr 7
Internal Pressure Coefficient: partially enclosed
Pressure Test?: yes
Impact Test?: yes
Size w x h: 3x7 
Center Mullion: no
Lock Manufacturer (L Mfr): L Mfr 10
Locking Mechanism: 2-point
Push Bar?: yes
Latch (3/4): no 
Deadbolts (1): no
Hinges: 1  pair
Door Swing: out
Remarks: Exit only hardware

Door/Widow Manufacturer (D/W Mfr): D Mfr 5
Internal Pressure Coefficient: partially enclosed
Pressure Test?: yes
Impact Test?: yes
Size w x h: 3x7 
Center Mullion: Removable
Lock Manufacturer (L Mfr): L Mfr 6
Locking Mechanism: 3-point
Push Bar?: yes
Latch (3/4): no 
Deadbolts (1): no
Hinges: 1  pair
Door Swing: out
Remarks: none

Door/Widow Manufacturer (D/W Mfr): W Mfr 3
Internal Pressure Coefficient: partially enclosed
Pressure Test?: yes
Impact Test?: no
Size w x h: 40x60 
Center Mullion: 
Lock Manufacturer (L Mfr): N/A
Locking Mechanism: N/A
Push Bar?: N/A
Latch (3/4): N/A
Deadbolts (1): N/A
Hinges: N/A
Door Swing: N/A
Remarks: Window - 5.00 psi pressure

Door/Widow Manufacturer (D/W Mfr): W Mfr 3
Internal Pressure Coefficient: partially enclosed
Pressure Test?: yes
Impact Test?: no
Size w x h: 36x36 
Center Mullion: 
Lock Manufacturer (L Mfr): N/A
Locking Mechanism: N/A
Push Bar?: N/A
Latch (3/4): N/A
Deadbolts (1): N/A
Hinges: N/A
Door Swing: N/A
Remarks: Window - 5.00 psi pressure

Door/Widow Manufacturer (D/W Mfr): W Mfr 3
Internal Pressure Coefficient: partially enclosed
Pressure Test?: yes
Impact Test?: no
Size w x h: 40x60 
Center Mullion: 
Lock Manufacturer (L Mfr): N/A
Locking Mechanism: N/A
Push Bar?: N/A
Latch (3/4): N/A
Deadbolts (1): N/A
Hinges: N/A
Door Swing: N/A
Remarks: Window  9.50 psi pressure
Door/Widow Manufacturer (D/W Mfr): W Mfr 3
Internal Pressure Coefficient: partially enclosed
Pressure Test?: yes
Impact Test?: no
Size w x h: 36x36 
Center Mullion: 
Lock Manufacturer (L Mfr): N/A
Locking Mechanism: N/A
Push Bar?: N/A
Latch (3/4): N/A
Deadbolts (1): N/A
Hinges: N/A
Door Swing: N/A
Remarks: Window  8.98 psi pressure

Door/Widow Manufacturer (D/W Mfr): W Mfr 11
Internal Pressure Coefficient: partially enclosed
Pressure Test?: yes
Impact Test?: yes
Size w x h: 100x88 
Center Mullion: yes
Lock Manufacturer (L Mfr): N/A
Locking Mechanism: N/A
Push Bar?: N/A
Latch (3/4): N/A
Deadbolts (1): N/A
Hinges: N/A
Door Swing: N/A
Remarks: Window - 2- 50x44 openings, special glass and frame

Testing Details refer to: 
http://www.wind.ttu.edu/Research/DebrisImpact/TestingLab.php
Except where noted, all door frames are 14-gauge hollow metal.
Note 1: Multi-point Locking Device
Note 2: Rim Type Exit Device
[End table]