Table 38.--Clays sold or used by producers in the United States1/ in 1989, by kind and use
                                                              (Metric tons)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                Fire clay
                                                  Ball             Common clay (refractory   Fuller's
                    Use                           clay  Bentonite    and shale    only)       earth       Kaolin       Total
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Absorbents:
  Oil and grease---------------------------         --          W            W          --    298,009         --     298,009
  Pet waste absorbents---------------------         --          W            W          --  1,015,192         --   1,015,192
  Other2/----------------------------------         --    287,747      204,869          --     23,478     31,026     547,120
Ceramics and glass:
  Catalysts (oil-refining)-----------------         --     12,220           --          --     16,786     93,308     122,314
  Crockery and other earthenware-----------         --         --           --         181         --     17,954      18,135
  Electrical porcelain---------------------     21,521         --           --          --         --     15,284      36,805
  Fine china and dinnerware----------------      3,360         --           --          --         --     15,175      18,535
  Glazes, glass, and enamels---------------         --          W           --           W         --      2,507       2,507
  Mineral wool, insulation, and fiberglass-          W          W           --          --         --    472,669     472,669
  Pottery----------------------------------    125,537     24,416       18,791      20,939         --     30,147     219,830
  Roofing granules-------------------------         --         --       92,418          --         --     10,677     103,095
  Sanitaryware-----------------------------    194,077         --           --          --         --     35,131     229,208
  Other2/----------------------------------     73,869          W            W       1,596         --     75,989     151,454
Chemical manufacturing---------------------         --          W           --          --          W    217,452     217,452
Civil engineering and sealing--------------     13,183    108,907    1,415,906       3,352          W      7,477   1,548,825
Drilling mud-------------------------------         --    846,583           --          --     35,181        485     882,249
Fillers, extenders, and binders:
  Adhesives--------------------------------         --      8,074          907          --      1,025     39,502      49,508
  Animal feed------------------------------          W     93,937            W          --          W      7,571     101,508
  Fertilizers------------------------------         --          W           --          --     48,084      2,295      50,379
  Gypsum products and wallboard------------          W         --           --          --     30,209     10,202      40,411
  Ink--------------------------------------         --          W           --          --         --      2,025       2,025
  Medical, pharmaceutical, cosmetic--------         --      9,169           --          --      1,395      3,341      13,905
  Paint------------------------------------         --          W            W          --     20,248    226,395     246,643
  Paper coating----------------------------         --         --           --          --         --  2,568,846   2,568,846
  Paper filling----------------------------         --          W           --          --         --  1,560,994   1,560,994
  Pesticides and related products----------          W      9,617       14,110          --    141,163     19,692     184,582
  Plastics---------------------------------         --          W           --          --          W     48,822      48,822
  Rubber-----------------------------------          W          W           --          --         --    258,864     258,864
  Other2/----------------------------------    118,155     20,258       75,281          --     24,099    193,710     431,503
Filtering, clarifying, and decolorizing:
  Animal oils, mineral oils and greases,
   and vegetable oils----------------------         --     78,475           --          --     15,085        646      94,206
  Desiccants-------------------------------         --          W           --          --         --         --           W
Floor and wall tile:
  Ceramic----------------------------------    161,724         --      225,825       4,169      4,536     21,254     417,508
  Quarry tile------------------------------          W         --       14,338          --         --         --      14,338
  Other2/----------------------------------     15,018         --           --          --         --     24,756      39,774
Heavy clay products:
  Brick, extruded--------------------------          W          W   10,188,861      19,818         --    174,214  10,382,893
  Brick, other-----------------------------         --         --    2,244,505          --         --    129,002   2,373,507
  Drain tile-------------------------------         --         --       10,251          --         --         --      10,251
  Flower pots------------------------------         --         --       45,049          --         --         --      45,049
  Flue linings-----------------------------         --         --       10,096       7,303         --      6,350      23,749
  Portland and other cements---------------         --      1,583    7,440,067           W     43,551    188,286   7,673,487
  Roofing tile-----------------------------         --          W        3,915          --        100         --       4,015
  Sewer pipe, vitrified--------------------         --         --      366,927         102         --      8,615     375,644
  Structural tile--------------------------         --         --       49,041          --         --         --      49,041
  Terra cotta------------------------------         --         --       18,748           W         --         --      18,748
  Other2/----------------------------------          W      3,033      242,997       3,648         --     19,136     268,814
Lightweight aggregate:
  Concrete block---------------------------         --         --    2,066,480          --         --         --   2,066,480
  Highway surfacing------------------------         --         --      326,881          --         --         --     326,881
  Structural concrete----------------------         --          W      773,052          --         --         --     773,052
  Other2/----------------------------------         --      3,615      215,249          --         --         --     218,864
Pelletizing (iron ore)---------------------         --    477,275       76,748          --         --         --     554,023
-------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


                  Table 38.--Clays sold or used by producers in the United States1/ in 1989, by kind and use--Continued
                                                              (Metric tons)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                Fire clay
                                                  Ball             Common clay (refractory   Fuller's
                    Use                           clay  Bentonite    and shale    only)       earth       Kaolin       Total
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Refractories:
  Firebrick, blocks, and shapes------------          W          W      100,186     546,769         --    115,292     762,247
  Foundry sand-----------------------------         --    609,973           --      64,166         --        669     674,808
  Grogs and calcines-----------------------         --         --           --      58,766         --    628,950     687,716
  High-alumina brick and specialties-------     21,410         --           --      35,613         --      6,622      63,645
  Kiln furniture---------------------------      1,531          W        2,803          --         --      5,933      10,267
  Mortar and cement, refractory------------         --         --      414,294          --         --      1,344     415,638
  Other2/----------------------------------          W     35,637        6,146      40,468         --     52,565     134,816
Other3/------------------------------------     46,714     46,752       16,556          --     23,791      9,324     143,137
Exports------------------------------------    107,381    435,094       12,891      19,040    139,579  1,613,170   2,327,155
                                           ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total4/------------------------------    903,480  3,112,365   26,694,188     825,930  1,881,511  8,973,668  42,391,142
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  W  Withheld to avoid disclosing company proprietary data; included with "Total" and/or "Other."
  1/Includes Puerto Rico.
  2/Includes uses indicated by symbol W.
  3/Uses not specified.
  4/Data may not add to totals shown because of independent rounding.


                           Table 38.--Clays sold or used by producers in the United States1/ in 1989, by kind and use
                                                              (Metric tons)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                Fire clay
                                                  Ball             Common clay (refractory   Fuller's
                    Use                           clay  Bentonite    and shale    only)       earth       Kaolin       Total
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Absorbents:
  Oil and grease---------------------------         --          W            W          --    298,009         --     298,009
  Pet waste absorbents---------------------         --          W            W          --  1,015,192         --   1,015,192
  Other2/----------------------------------         --    287,747      204,869          --     23,478     31,026     547,120
Ceramics and glass:
  Catalysts (oil-refining)-----------------         --     12,220           --          --     16,786     93,308     122,314
  Crockery and other earthenware-----------         --         --           --         181         --     17,954      18,135
  Electrical porcelain---------------------     21,521         --           --          --         --     15,284      36,805
  Fine china and dinnerware----------------      3,360         --           --          --         --     15,175      18,535
  Glazes, glass, and enamels---------------         --          W           --           W         --      2,507       2,507
  Mineral wool, insulation, and fiberglass-          W          W           --          --         --    472,669     472,669
  Pottery----------------------------------    125,537     24,416       18,791      20,939         --     30,147     219,830
  Roofing granules-------------------------         --         --       92,418          --         --     10,677     103,095
  Sanitaryware-----------------------------    194,077         --           --          --         --     35,131     229,208
  Other2/----------------------------------     73,869          W            W       1,596         --     75,989     151,454
Chemical manufacturing---------------------         --          W           --          --          W    217,452     217,452
Civil engineering and sealing--------------     13,183    108,907    1,415,906       3,352          W      7,477   1,548,825
Drilling mud-------------------------------         --    846,583           --          --     35,181        485     882,249
Fillers, extenders, and binders:
  Adhesives--------------------------------         --      8,074          907          --      1,025     39,502      49,508
  Animal feed------------------------------          W     93,937            W          --          W      7,571     101,508
  Fertilizers------------------------------         --          W           --          --     48,084      2,295      50,379
  Gypsum products and wallboard------------          W         --           --          --     30,209     10,202      40,411
  Ink--------------------------------------         --          W           --          --         --      2,025       2,025
  Medical, pharmaceutical, cosmetic--------         --      9,169           --          --      1,395      3,341      13,905
  Paint------------------------------------         --          W            W          --     20,248    226,395     246,643
  Paper coating----------------------------         --         --           --          --         --  2,568,846   2,568,846
  Paper filling----------------------------         --          W           --          --         --  1,560,994   1,560,994
  Pesticides and related products----------          W      9,617       14,110          --    141,163     19,692     184,582
  Plastics---------------------------------         --          W           --          --          W     48,822      48,822
  Rubber-----------------------------------          W          W           --          --         --    258,864     258,864
  Other2/----------------------------------    118,155     20,258       75,281          --     24,099    193,710     431,503
Filtering, clarifying, and decolorizing:
  Animal oils, mineral oils and greases,
   and vegetable oils----------------------         --     78,475           --          --     15,085        646      94,206
  Desiccants-------------------------------         --          W           --          --         --         --           W
Floor and wall tile:
  Ceramic----------------------------------    161,724         --      225,825       4,169      4,536     21,254     417,508
  Quarry tile------------------------------          W         --       14,338          --         --         --      14,338
  Other2/----------------------------------     15,018         --           --          --         --     24,756      39,774
Heavy clay products:
  Brick, extruded--------------------------          W          W   10,188,861      19,818         --    174,214  10,382,893
  Brick, other-----------------------------         --         --    2,244,505          --         --    129,002   2,373,507
  Drain tile-------------------------------         --         --       10,251          --         --         --      10,251
  Flower pots------------------------------         --         --       45,049          --         --         --      45,049
  Flue linings-----------------------------         --         --       10,096       7,303         --      6,350      23,749
  Portland and other cements---------------         --      1,583    7,440,067           W     43,551    188,286   7,673,487
  Roofing tile-----------------------------         --          W        3,915          --        100         --       4,015
  Sewer pipe, vitrified--------------------         --         --      366,927         102         --      8,615     375,644
  Structural tile--------------------------         --         --       49,041          --         --         --      49,041
  Terra cotta------------------------------         --         --       18,748           W         --         --      18,748
  Other2/----------------------------------          W      3,033      242,997       3,648         --     19,136     268,814
Lightweight aggregate:
  Concrete block---------------------------         --         --    2,066,480          --         --         --   2,066,480
  Highway surfacing------------------------         --         --      326,881          --         --         --     326,881
  Structural concrete----------------------         --          W      773,052          --         --         --     773,052
  Other2/----------------------------------         --      3,615      215,249          --         --         --     218,864
Pelletizing (iron ore)---------------------         --    477,275       76,748          --         --         --     554,023
-------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


                  Table 38.--Clays sold or used by producers in the United States1/ in 1989, by kind and use--Continued
                                                              (Metric tons)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                Fire clay
                                                  Ball             Common clay (refractory   Fuller's
                    Use                           clay  Bentonite    and shale    only)       earth       Kaolin       Total
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Refractories:
  Firebrick, blocks, and shapes------------          W          W      100,186     546,769         --    115,292     762,247
  Foundry sand-----------------------------         --    609,973           --      64,166         --        669     674,808
  Grogs and calcines-----------------------         --         --           --      58,766         --    628,950     687,716
  High-alumina brick and specialties-------     21,410         --           --      35,613         --      6,622      63,645
  Kiln furniture---------------------------      1,531          W        2,803          --         --      5,933      10,267
  Mortar and cement, refractory------------         --         --      414,294          --         --      1,344     415,638
  Other2/----------------------------------          W     35,637        6,146      40,468         --     52,565     134,816
Other3/------------------------------------     46,714     46,752       16,556          --     23,791      9,324     143,137
Exports------------------------------------    107,381    435,094       12,891      19,040    139,579  1,613,170   2,327,155
                                           ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total4/------------------------------    903,480  3,112,365   26,694,188     825,930  1,881,511  8,973,668  42,391,142
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  W  Withheld to avoid disclosing company proprietary data; included with "Total" and/or "Other."
  1/Includes Puerto Rico.
  2/Includes uses indicated by symbol W.
  3/Uses not specified.
  4/Data may not add to totals shown because of independent rounding.