Identification_Information:
  Citation:
    Citation_Information:
      Originator: Christopher J. Potter
      Originator: Robert P. Dickerson
      Originator: Donald S. Sweetkind
      Originator: Ronald M. Drake II
      Originator: Emily M. Taylor
      Originator: Christopher J. Fridrich
      Originator: Carma A. San Juan
      Originator: Warren C. Day
      Publication_Date: 2002
      Title: Geologic map of the Yucca Mountain region, Nye County, Nevada
      Edition: 1.0
      Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map
      Series_Information:
        Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Investigations Series
        Issue_Identification: I-2755
      Publication_Information:
        Publication_Place: Denver, Colorado
        Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
      Online_Linkage: http://geology.cr.usgs.gov/pub/i-maps/i-2755/

  Description:
    Abstract:
      Yucca Mountain, Nye County, Nev., has been identified as a potential site for underground storage of high-level radioactive waste.  This geologic map compilation, including all of Yucca Mountain and Crater Flat, most of the Calico Hills, western Jackass Flats, Little Skull Mountain, the Striped Hills, the Skeleton Hills, and the northeastern Amargosa Desert, portrays the geologic framework for a saturated-zone hydrologic flow model of the Yucca Mountain site.  Key geologic features shown on the geologic map and accompanying cross sections include:  (1) exposures of Proterozoic through Devonian strata inferred to have been deformed by regional thrust faulting and folding, in the Skeleton Hills, Striped Hills, and Amargosa Desert near Big Dune; (2) folded and thrust-faulted Devonian and Mississippian strata, unconformably overlain by Miocene tuffs and lavas and cut by complex Neogene fault patterns, in the Calico Hills; (3) the Claim Canyon caldera, a segment of which is exposed north of Yucca Mountain and Crater Flat; (4) thick densely welded to nonwelded ash-flow sheets of the Miocene southwest Nevada volcanic field exposed in normal-fault-bounded blocks at Yucca Mountain; (5) upper Tertiary and Quaternary basaltic cinder cones and lava flows in Crater Flat and at southernmost Yucca Mountain; and (6) broad basins covered by Quaternary and upper Tertiary surficial deposits in Jackass Flats, Crater Flat, and the northeastern Amargosa Desert, beneath which Neogene normal and strike-slip faults are inferred to be present on the basis of geophysical data and geologic map patterns.
      A regional thrust belt of late Paleozoic or Mesozoic age affected all pre-Tertiary rocks in the region; main thrust faults, not exposed in the map area, are interpreted to underlie the map area in an arcuate pattern, striking north, northeast, and east.  The predominant vergence of thrust faults exposed elsewhere in the region, including the Belted Range and Specter Range thrusts, was to the east, southeast, and south.  The vertical to overturned strata of the Striped Hills are hypothesized to result from successive stacking of three south-vergent thrust ramps, the lowest of which is the Specter Range thrust.  The CP thrust is interpreted as a north-vergent backthrust that may have been roughly contemporaneous with the Belted Range and Specter Range thrusts.
      The southwest Nevada volcanic field consists predominantly of a series of silicic tuffs and lava flows ranging in age from 15 to 8 Ma.  The map area is in the southwestern quadrant of the southwest Nevada volcanic field, just south of the Timber Mountain caldera complex.
      The Claim Canyon caldera, exposed in the northern part of the map area, contains thick deposits of the 12.7-Ma Tiva Canyon Tuff, along with widespread megabreccia deposits of similar age, and subordinate thick exposures of other 12.8- to 12.7-Ma Paintbrush Group rocks.  An irregular, blocky fault array, which affects parts of the caldera and much of the nearby area, includes several large-displacement, steeply dipping faults that strike radially to the caldera and bound south-dipping blocks of volcanic rock.
      South and southeast of the Claim Canyon caldera, in the area that includes Yucca Mountain, the Neogene fault pattern is dominated by closely spaced, north-northwest- to north-northeast-striking normal faults that lie within a north-trending graben.  This 20- to 25-km-wide graben includes Crater Flat, Yucca Mountain, and Fortymile Wash, and is bounded on the east by the "gravity fault" and on the west by the Bare Mountain fault.  Both of these faults separate Proterozoic and Paleozoic sedimentary rocks in their footwalls from Miocene volcanic rocks in their hanging walls.
      Stratigraphic and structural relations at Yucca Mountain demonstrate that block-bounding faults were active before and during eruption of the 12.8- to 12.7-Ma Paintbrush Group, and significant motion on these faults continued until after the 11.6-Ma Rainier Mesa Tuff was deposited.  North of Crater Flat, in and near the Claim Canyon caldera, most of the tilting of the volcanic section predated the 11.6-Ma Rainier Mesa Tuff.  In contrast, geologic relations in central and southern Yucca Mountain indicate that much of the stratal tilting there occurred after 11.6 Ma, probably synchronous with the main pulse of vertical-axis rotation that occurred between 11.6 and 11.45 Ma.
      Beneath the broad basins, such as Crater Flat, Jackass Flats, and the Amargosa Desert, faults are inferred from geophysical data.  Geologic and geophysical data imply the presence of the large-offset, east-west-striking Highway 95 fault beneath surficial deposits along the northeast margin of the Amargosa Desert, directly south of Yucca Mountain and Crater Flat.  The Highway 95 fault is interpreted to be downthrown to the north, with a component of dextral displacement.  It juxtaposes a block of Paleozoic carbonate rock overlain by a minimal thickness of Tertiary rocks (to the south) against the Miocene volcanic section of Yucca Mountain (to the north).
      Alluvial geomorphic surfaces compose the bulk of Quaternary surficial units in the Yucca Mountain region.  Deposits associated with these surfaces include alluvium, colluvium, and minor eolian and debris-flow sediments.  Photogeologic and field studies locally have identified subtle fault scarps that offset these surfaces, and other evidence of Quaternary fault activity.

    Purpose: This geologic map was constructed to provide the structural and stratigraphic framework for a saturated-zone groundwater model for the Yucca Mountain Project site area.

    Supplemental_Information:
      Topographic base from these U.S. Geological Survey 1:24,000-scale digital line graph (DLG) quadrangles:  East of Beatty Mountain, Topopah Spring NW, Topopah Spring, Jackass Flats, Striped Hills, Crater Flat, Busted Butte, Big Dune, Amargosa Valley, South of Amargosa Valley, Ashton, Beatty Mountain, Carrara Canyon, Lees Camp, Leeland, Skeleton Hills.  50,000-ft grid based on Nevada State Plane coordinates.  Contour interval is 40 ft.  DLG's were clipped to fit into the area of interest.
      Township and Range boundaries from U.S. Geological Survey 1:100,000-scale Digital Line Graph data for the Beatty quadrangle.
      Roads are from the DOE/OCRWM/YMSCO database, coverage ROADNYES, reference G97558, based on U.S. Census Bureau, 1:100,000-scale TIGER data for Nye County, Nevada.

  Time_Period_of_Content:
    Time_Period_Information:
      Single_Date/Time:
        Calendar_Date: 2002
    Currentness_Reference: Publication date

  Status:
    Progress: Complete
    Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned

  Spatial_Domain:
    Bounding_Coordinates:
      West_Bounding_Coordinate: -116.629
      East_Bounding_Coordinate: -116.287
      North_Bounding_Coordinate: 36.973
      South_Bounding_Coordinate: 36.566

  Keywords:
    Theme:
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Glossary of Geology, American Geological Institute
      Theme_Keyword: Neogene extensional faults
      Theme_Keyword: Neogene strike-slip faults
      Theme_Keyword: pre-Tertiary thrust faults
      Theme_Keyword: Miocene calderas
      Theme_Keyword: southwest Nevada volcanic field
      Theme_Keyword: nonmarine sedimentary basins
      Theme_Keyword: Tertiary and Quaternary basins
      Theme_Keyword: Miocene densely welded tuffs
      Theme_Keyword: Yucca Mountain Project
      Theme_Keyword: U.S. Department of Energy
      Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey
      Theme_Keyword: caldera boundaries
      Theme_Keyword: cross sections
      Theme_Keyword: geologic map
      Theme_Keyword: boreholes
      Theme_Keyword: saturated-zone hydrologic flow model
      Theme_Keyword: Claim Canyon caldera
      Theme_Keyword: Timber Mountain caldera complex
      Theme_Keyword: Belted Range thrust
      Theme_Keyword: Specter Range thrust
      Theme_Keyword: CP thrust
      Theme_Keyword: gravity fault
      Theme_Keyword: Highway 95 fault
      Theme_Keyword: Tiva Canyon Tuff
      Theme_Keyword: Topopah Spring Tuff
      Theme_Keyword: Paintbrush Group
      Theme_Keyword: Yucca Mountain Tuff
      Theme_Keyword: bedded tuffs
      Theme_Keyword: Pah Canyon Tuff
      Theme_Keyword: rhyolite of Delirium Canyon
      Theme_Keyword: tuff of Pinyon Pass
      Theme_Keyword: rhyolite of Comb Peak
      Theme_Keyword: rhyolite of Vent Pass
      Theme_Keyword: rhyolite of Waterpipe Butte
      Theme_Keyword: rhyolite of Pinnacles Ridge
      Theme_Keyword: Beatty Wash Formation
      Theme_Keyword: lavas of Dome Mountain
      Theme_Keyword: rhyolite of Shoshone Mountain
      Theme_Keyword: basalt of Kiwi Mesa
      Theme_Keyword: Rocket Wash tuff
      Theme_Keyword: Lathrop Wells cinder cone
      Theme_Keyword: Timber Mountain Group
      Theme_Keyword: Ammonia Tanks Tuff
      Theme_Keyword: Rainier Mesa Tuff
      Theme_Keyword: rhyolite of Flourspar Canyon
      Theme_Keyword: rhyolite of Windy Wash
      Theme_Keyword: Tram Tuff
      Theme_Keyword: tuff of Yucca Flat
      Theme_Keyword: Lithic Ridge Tuff
      Theme_Keyword: older tuffs of USW-G1
      Theme_Keyword: Crater Flat Group
      Theme_Keyword: Bullfrog Tuff
      Theme_Keyword: Prow Pass Tuff
      Theme_Keyword: rhyolite of Prospector Pass
      Theme_Keyword: Wahmonie Formation
      Theme_Keyword: Calico Hills Formation
      Theme_Keyword: Johnnie Formation
      Theme_Keyword: Carrara Formation
      Theme_Keyword: Bonanza King Formation
      Theme_Keyword: Nopah Formation
      Theme_Keyword: Pogonip Group
      Theme_Keyword: Eureka Quartzite
      Theme_Keyword: Ely Springs Dolomite
      Theme_Keyword: Lone Mountain Dolomite
      Theme_Keyword: Roberts Mountains Formation
      Theme_Keyword: rocks of Calico Mines
      Theme_Keyword: Eleana Formation
      Theme_Keyword: Chainman Shale
      Theme_Keyword: Tertiary
      Theme_Keyword: rocks of Pavits Spring
      Theme_Keyword: rocks of Winapi Wash
      Theme_Keyword: Quaternary basalts
      Theme_Keyword: Basin and Range province
      Theme_Keyword: Walker Lane belt
      Theme_Keyword: Windy Wash fault
      Theme_Keyword: Solitario Canyon fault
      Theme_Keyword: Iron Ridge fault
      Theme_Keyword: Paintbrush Canyon fault
      Theme_Keyword: Bare Mountain fault
      Theme_Keyword: Stagecoach Road fault

    Place:
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: U.S. Board on Geographic Names (BGN) Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)
      Place_Keyword: Yucca Mountain
      Place_Keyword: Nye County, Nevada
      Place_Keyword: Crater Flat
      Place_Keyword: Calico Hills
      Place_Keyword: Jackass Flats
      Place_Keyword: Little Skull Mountain
      Place_Keyword: Striped Hills
      Place_Keyword: Skeleton Hills
      Place_Keyword: Amargosa Desert
      Place_Keyword: Nevada Test Site
      Place_Keyword: Black Marble
      Place_Keyword: Fortymile Canyon
      Place_Keyword: Shoshone Mountain
      Place_Keyword: Chocolate Mountain
      Place_Keyword: Comb Peak
      Place_Keyword: Claim Canyon
      Place_Keyword: Windy Wash
      Place_Keyword: Prow Pass
      Place_Keyword: Pinnacles Ridge
      Place_Keyword: Beatty Wash
      Place_Keyword: Dome Mountain
      Place_Keyword: Rock Valley
      Place_Keyword: Steve's Pass
      Place_Keyword: Lathrop Wells Cone

  Access_Constraints: None

  Use_Constraints: Acknowledgment of the U.S. Geological Survey would be appreciated in products derived from these data.

  Point_of_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Person_Primary:
        Contact_Person: Christopher J. Potter
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing address
        Address: Denver Federal Center, MS-939
        Address: Box 25046
        City: Denver
        State_or_Province: Colorado
        Postal_Code: 80225
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: (303) 236-1735
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: cpotter@usgs.gov

  Browse_Graphic:
    Browse_Graphic_File_Name: <http://geology.cr.usgs.gov/pub/i-maps/i-2755/i-2755.pdf>
    Browse_Graphic_File_Description: graphic representation of map layout
    Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PDF

  Data_Set_Credit: Bedrock geology mapped by Christopher J. Potter, Robert P. Dickerson, Donald S. Sweetkind, Ronald M. Drake II, Christopher J. Fridrich, and Warren C. Day, 1997-1998, and compiled from data sources cited below.  Surficial geology mapped by Emily M. Taylor in 1998, and compiled from data sources cited below.  Geologic contacts and faults digitized by Ronald M. Drake II, Carma A. San Juan, and Emily M. Taylor.

  Native_Data_Set_Environment: ARC/INFO version 8.0.2

Data_Quality_Information:
  Attribute_Accuracy:
    Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Part of the database consists of newly generated data (mapped or interpreted contacts and faults) that were compiled on mylar base maps and then in AutoCAD before being imported to ARC/INFO.  Part of the database was compiled from preexisting digital data and combined in AutoCAD before being imported to ARC/INFO.  Frequency tests were run on the arc and polygon labels to ensure that no features are unlabeled.  The attributes have been checked by both the authors and the reviewers for agreement with published maps, unpublished field mapping, and preliminary drafted versions of the map.  The attribute data in the data set should be taken as an accurate representation of the authors' geologic interpretations.

  Logical_Consistency_Report: All lines were visually inspected by the authors for proper intersections, repetition, overshoots, undershoots, and overall logical consistency.  The geologic features in the map area are all described, in the view of the authors, at a consistent scale of 1:50,000.  All coverages were cleaned and built in ARC/INFO (version 8.0.2) to ensure a logical consistency that is topologically clean.

  Completeness_Report: This dataset includes only the coverages pertaining to the geologic map.  Any marginalia on the printed map (explanation of map symbols, and so forth) are not included.  This map was produced to be used at 1:50,000 scale.  Any geologic features too small to be shown at this scale have been omitted or generalized if they are of significant importance.  The smallest objects are approximately 20 meters on a side.

  Positional_Accuracy:
    Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
      Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The estimated horizontal positional accuracy of the data is 65 meters.  All data used from published and unpublished digital sources are limited by the accuracy of that data.  Attempts were made to verify the accuracy of these data by comparison to published topographic data and overlap with other digital data.

  Lineage:
    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Ackermann, H.D.
          Originator: Mooney, W.D.
          Originator: Snyder, D.B.
          Originator: Sutton, V.D.
          Publication_Date: 1988
          Title: Preliminary interpretation of seismic-refraction and gravity studies west of Yucca Mountain, Nevada and California
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin
            Issue_Identification: 1790
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Washington, D.C.
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
          Other_Citation_Details: in Carr, M.D., and Yount, J.C., eds., 1988, Geologic and hydrologic investigations of a potential nuclear waste disposal site at Yucca Mountain, southern Nevada
      Type_of_Source_Media: paper
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1988
        Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Ackermann and others, 1988
      Source_Contribution: Geophysical data guiding fault interpretation beneath Quaternary basins

    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Bath, G.D.
          Originator: Jahren, C.E.
          Publication_Date: 1984
          Title: Interpretations of magnetic anomalies at a potential repository site located in the Yucca Mountain Area, Nevada Test Site
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
            Issue_Identification: 84-120
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Denver, Colorado
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
      Type_of_Source_Media: paper
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1984
        Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Bath and Jahren, 1984
      Source_Contribution: Geophysical data guiding fault interpretation beneath Quaternary basins

    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Blakely, R.J.
          Originator: Langenheim, V.E.
          Originator: Ponce, D.A.
          Originator: Dixon, G.L.
          Publication_Date: 2000
          Title: Aeromagnetic survey of the Amargosa Desert, Nevada and California--A tool for understanding near-surface geology and hydrology
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
            Issue_Identification: 00-188
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Menlo Park, California
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
      Type_of_Source_Media: paper
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 2000
        Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Blakely and others, 2000
      Source_Contribution: Geophysical data and interpretations guiding fault interpretation beneath Quaternary basins

    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Brocher, T.M.
          Originator: Carr, M.D.
          Originator: Fox, K.F., Jr.
          Originator: Hart, P.E.
          Publication_Date: 1993
          Title: Seismic reflection profiling across Tertiary extensional structures in the eastern Amargosa Desert, southern Nevada, Basin and Range province
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: Geological Society of America Bulletin
            Issue_Identification: v. 105
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Boulder, Colorado
            Publisher: Geological Society of America
      Type_of_Source_Media: paper
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1993
        Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Brocher and others, 1993
      Source_Contribution: Geophysical data guiding fault interpretation beneath Quaternary basins

    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Burchfiel, B.C.
          Publication_Date: 1966
          Title: Reconnaissance geologic map of the Lathrop Wells 15-minute quadrangle, Nye County, Nevada
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Geologic Investigations Series Map
            Issue_Identification: I-474
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
          Other_Citation_Details: scale 1:62,500
      Type_of_Source_Media: pamphlet, map
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1966
        Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Burchfiel, 1966
      Source_Contribution: Bedrock geologic contacts

    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Byers, F.M., Jr.
          Originator: Carr, W.J.
          Originator: Christiansen, R.L.
          Originator: Lipman, P.W.
          Originator: Orkild, P.P.
          Originator: Quinlivan, W.D.
          Publication_Date: 1976
          Title: Geologic map of the Timber Mountain caldera area, Nye County, Nevada
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map
            Issue_Identification: I-891
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
          Other_Citation_Details: scale 1:48,000
      Type_of_Source_Media: pamphlet, map
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1976
        Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Byers and others, 1976
      Source_Contribution: Bedrock geologic contacts

    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Christiansen, R.L.
          Originator: Lipman, P.W.
          Publication_Date: 1965
          Title: Geologic map of the Topopah Spring NW quadrangle, Nye County, Nevada
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Quadrangle Map
            Issue_Identification: GQ-444
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
          Other_Citation_Details: scale 1:24,000
      Type_of_Source_Media: map
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1965
        Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Christiansen and Lipman, 1965
      Source_Contribution: Bedrock geologic contacts

    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Cole, J.C.
          Publication_Date: 1997
          Title: Major structural controls on the distribution of pre-Tertiary rocks, Nevada Test Site vicinity, southern Nevada
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
            Issue_Identification: 97-533
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Denver, Colorado
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
          Other_Citation_Details: scale 1:100,000
      Type_of_Source_Media: paper, map
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1997
        Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Cole, 1997
      Source_Contribution: Thrust fault locations

    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Cole, J.C.
          Originator: Cashman, P.H.
          Publication_Date: 1998
          Title: Geologic map of Paleozoic rocks in the Calico Hills, Nevada Test Site, southern Nevada
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
            Issue_Identification: 98-101
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Denver, Colorado
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
          Other_Citation_Details: scale 1:6,000
      Type_of_Source_Media: paper, map
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1998
        Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Cole and Cashman, 1998
      Source_Contribution: Bedrock geologic contacts

    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Day, W.C.
          Originator: Dickerson, R.P.
          Originator: Potter, C.J.
          Originator: Sweetkind, D.S.
          Originator: San Juan, C.A.
          Originator: Drake, R.M. II
          Originator: Fridrich, C.J.
          Publication_Date: 1998
          Title: Bedrock geologic map of the Yucca Mountain area, Nye County, Nevada
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Investigations Series Map
            Issue_Identification: I-2627
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Denver, Colorado
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
          Other_Citation_Details: scale 1:24,000
      Type_of_Source_Media: pamphlet, map
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1998
        Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Day and others, 1998
      Source_Contribution: Bedrock geologic contacts

    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Day, W.C.
          Originator: Potter, C.J.
          Originator: Sweetkind, D.S.
          Originator: Dickerson, R.P.
          Originator: San Juan, C.A.
          Publication_Date: 1998
          Title: Bedrock geologic map of the central block area, Yucca Mountain, Nye County, Nevada
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map
            Issue_Identification: I-2601
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Denver, Colorado
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
          Other_Citation_Details: scale 1:6,000
      Type_of_Source_Media: pamphlet, map
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1998
        Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Day and others, 1998
      Source_Contribution: Bedrock geologic contacts

    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Dickerson, R.P.
          Originator: Drake, R.M. II
          Publication_Date: 1998
          Title: Geologic map of the Paintbrush Canyon area, Yucca Mountain, Nevada
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
            Issue_Identification: 97-783
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Denver, Colorado
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
          Other_Citation_Details: scale 1:6,000
      Type_of_Source_Media: paper, map
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1998
        Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Dickerson and Drake, 1998
      Source_Contribution: Bedrock geologic contacts

    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Faulds, J.E.
          Originator: Bell, J.W.
          Originator: Feuerbach, D.L.
          Originator: Ramelli, A.R.
          Publication_Date: 1994
          Title: Geologic map of the Crater Flat area, Nevada
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology
            Issue_Identification: Map 101
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Reno, Nevada
            Publisher: Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology
          Other_Citation_Details: scale 1:24,000
      Type_of_Source_Media: map
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1994
        Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Faulds and others, 1994
      Source_Contribution: Bedrock geologic contacts

    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Frizzell, V.A., Jr.
          Originator: Shulters, J.
          Publication_Date: 1990
          Title: Geologic map of the Nevada Test Site, southern Nevada
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map
            Issue_Identification: I-2046
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
          Other_Citation_Details: scale 1:100,000
      Type_of_Source_Media: map
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1990
        Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Frizzell and Shulters, 1990
      Source_Contribution: Bedrock geologic contacts

    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Greenhaus, M.R.
          Originator: Zablocki, C.J.
          Publication_Date: 1982
          Title: A Schlumberger resistivity survey of the Amargosa Desert, southern Nevada
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
            Issue_Identification: 82-897
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Denver, Colorado
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
      Type_of_Source_Media: paper
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1982
        Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Greenhaus and Zablocki, 1982
      Source_Contribution: Geophysical data guiding fault interpretation beneath Quaternary basins

    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Healey, D.L.
          Originator: Harris, R.N.
          Originator: Ponce, D.A.
          Originator: Oliver, H.W.
          Publication_Date: 1987
          Title: Complete Bouguer gravity map of the Nevada Test Site and vicinity, Nevada
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
            Issue_Identification: 87-506
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Menlo Park, California
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
          Other_Citation_Details: scale 1:100,000
      Type_of_Source_Media: paper, map
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1987
        Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Healey and others, 1987
      Source_Contribution: Geophysical data guiding fault interpretation beneath Quaternary basins

    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Kane, M.F.
          Originator: Bracken, R.E.
          Publication_Date: 1983
          Title: Aeromagnetic map of Yucca Mountain and surrounding regions, southwest Nevada
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
            Issue_Identification: 83-616
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Denver, Colorado
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
      Type_of_Source_Media: map, paper
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1983
        Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Kane and Bracken, 1983
      Source_Contribution: Geophysical data guiding fault interpretation beneath Quaternary cover

    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Langenheim, V.E.
          Originator: Ponce, D.A.
          Originator: Oliver, H.W.
          Originator: Sikora, R.F.
          Publication_Date: 1993
          Title: Gravity and magnetic study of Yucca Wash, southwest Nevada
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
            Issue_Identification: 93-586-A
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Menlo Park, California
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
      Type_of_Source_Media: paper
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1993
        Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Langenheim and others, 1993
      Source_Contribution: Geophysical data guiding fault interpretation beneath Quaternary cover

    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Lipman, P.W.
          Originator: McKay, E.J.
          Publication_Date: 1965
          Title: Geologic map of the Topopah Spring SW quadrangle, Nye County, Nevada
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Quadrangle Map
            Issue_Identification: GQ-439
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
          Other_Citation_Details: scale 1:24,000
      Type_of_Source_Media: map
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1965
        Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Lipman and McKay, 1965
      Source_Contribution: Bedrock geologic contacts

    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Maldonado, Florian
          Publication_Date: 1985
          Title: Geologic map of the Jackass Flats area, Nye County, Nevada
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map
            Issue_Identification: I-1519
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
          Other_Citation_Details: scale 1:48,000
      Type_of_Source_Media: map
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1985
        Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Maldonado, 1985
      Source_Contribution: Bedrock geologic contacts

    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: McCafferty, A.E.
          Originator: Grauch, V.J.S.
          Publication_Date: 1997
          Title: Aeromagnetic and gravity anomaly maps of the southwestern Nevada volcanic field, Nevada and California
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Geophysical Investigations Map
            Issue_Identification: GP-1015
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Denver, Colorado
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
          Other_Citation_Details: scale 1:250,000
      Type_of_Source_Media: map
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1997
        Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: McCafferty and Grauch, 1997
      Source_Contribution: Geophysical data guiding fault interpretation beneath Quaternary basins

    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: McKay, E.J.
          Originator: Sargent, K.A.
          Publication_Date: 1970
          Title: Geologic map of the Lathrop Wells quadrangle, Nye County, Nevada
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Quadrangle Map
            Issue_Identification: GQ-883
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
          Other_Citation_Details: scale 1:24,000
      Type_of_Source_Media: map
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1970
        Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: McKay and Sargent, 1970
      Source_Contribution: Geophysical data guiding fault interpretation beneath Quaternary basins

    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: McKay, E.J.
          Originator: Williams, W.P.
          Publication_Date: 1964
          Title: Geology of the Jackass Flats quadrangle, Nye County, Nevada
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Quadrangle Map
            Issue_Identification: GQ-368
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
          Other_Citation_Details: scale 1:24,000
      Type_of_Source_Media: map
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1964
        Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: McKay and Williams, 1964
      Source_Contribution: Bedrock geologic contacts

    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Monsen, S.A.
          Originator: Carr, M.D.
          Originator: Reheis, M.C.
          Originator: Orkild, P.P.
          Publication_Date: 1992
          Title: Geologic map of Bare Mountain, Nye County, Nevada
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map
            Issue_Identification: I-2201
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
          Other_Citation_Details: scale 1:24,000
      Type_of_Source_Media: map
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1992
        Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Monsen and others, 1992
      Source_Contribution: Bedrock geologic contacts

    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Orkild, P.P.
          Originator: O'Connor, J.T.
          Publication_Date: 1970
          Title: Geologic map of the Topopah Spring quadrangle, Nye County, Nevada
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Quadrangle Map
            Issue_Identification: GQ-849
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
          Other_Citation_Details: scale 1:24,000
      Type_of_Source_Media: map
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1970
        Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Orkild and O'Connor, 1970
      Source_Contribution: Bedrock geologic contacts

    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Ponce, D.A.
          Publication_Date: 1996
          Title: Interpretive geophysical fault map across the central block of Yucca Mountain, Nevada
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
            Issue_Identification: 96-285
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Menlo Park, California
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
      Type_of_Source_Media: paper
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1996
        Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Ponce, 1996
      Source_Contribution: Geophysical data guiding fault interpretation beneath Quaternary cover

    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Ponce, D.A.
          Originator: Harris, R.N.
          Originator: Oliver, H.W.
          Publication_Date: 1988
          Title: Isostatic gravity map of the Nevada Test Site and vicinity, Nevada
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
            Issue_Identification: 88-664
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Menlo Park, California
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
          Other_Citation_Details: scale 1:100,000
      Type_of_Source_Media: map
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1988
        Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Ponce and others, 1988
      Source_Contribution: Geophysical data guiding fault interpretation beneath Quaternary basins

    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Ponce, D.A.
          Originator: Langenheim, V.E.
          Publication_Date: 1994
          Title: Preliminary gravity and magnetic models across Midway Valley and Yucca Wash, Yucca Mountain, Nevada
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
            Issue_Identification: 94-572
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Menlo Park, California
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
      Type_of_Source_Media: paper
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1994
        Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Ponce and Langenheim, 1994
      Source_Contribution: Geophysical data guiding fault interpretation beneath Quaternary cover

    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Ponce, D.A.
          Originator: Langenheim, V.E.
          Originator: Sikora, R.F.
          Publication_Date: 1993
          Title: Gravity and magnetic data of Midway Valley, southwest Nevada
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
            Issue_Identification: 93-540-A
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Menlo Park, California
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
      Type_of_Source_Media: paper
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1993
        Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Ponce and others, 1993
      Source_Contribution: Geophysical data guiding fault interpretation beneath Quaternary basins

    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Sargent, K.A.
          Originator: McKay, E.J.
          Originator: Burchfiel, B.C.
          Publication_Date: 1970
          Title: Geologic map of the Striped Hills quadrangle, Nye County, Nevada
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Quadrangle Map
            Issue_Identification: GQ-882
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
          Other_Citation_Details: scale 1:24,000
      Type_of_Source_Media: map
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1970
        Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Sargent and others, 1970
      Source_Contribution: Bedrock geologic contacts

    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Sargent, K.A.
          Originator: Stewart, J.H.
          Publication_Date: 1971
          Title: Geologic map of the Specter Range NW quadrangle, Nye County, Nevada
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Quadrangle Map
            Issue_Identification: GQ-884
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
          Other_Citation_Details: scale 1:24,000
      Type_of_Source_Media: map
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1971
        Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Sargent and Stewart, 1971
      Source_Contribution: Bedrock geologic contacts

    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Scott, R.B.
          Publication_Date: 1996
          Title: Preliminary geologic map of southern Yucca Mountain, Nye County, Nevada
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
            Issue_Identification: 92-266
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Denver, Colorado
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
          Other_Citation_Details: scale 1:12,000
      Type_of_Source_Media: paper, map
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1996
        Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Scott, 1996
      Source_Contribution: Bedrock geologic contacts

    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Simonds, F.W.
          Originator: Whitney, J.W.
          Originator: Fox, K.F.
          Originator: Ramelli, A.R.
          Originator: Yount, J.C.
          Originator: Carr, M.D.
          Originator: Menges, C.M.
          Originator: Dickerson, R.P.
          Originator: Scott, R.B.
          Publication_Date: 1995
          Title: Map showing fault activity in the Yucca Mountain area, Nye County, Nevada
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map
            Issue_Identification: I-2520
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
          Other_Citation_Details: scale 1:24,000
      Type_of_Source_Media: map
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1995
        Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Simonds and others, 1995
      Source_Contribution: Faults with Quaternary displacement

    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Swadley, WC
          Publication_Date: 1983
          Title: Map showing surficial geology of the Lathrop Wells quadrangle, Nye County, Nevada
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map
            Issue_Identification: I-1361
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
          Other_Citation_Details: scale 1:48,000
      Type_of_Source_Media: map
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1983
        Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Swadley, 1983
      Source_Contribution: Surficial geologic contacts

    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Swadley, WC
          Originator: Carr, W.J.
          Publication_Date: 1987
          Title: Geologic map of the Quaternary and Tertiary deposits of the Big Dune quadrangle, Nye County, Nevada, and Inyo County, California
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map
            Issue_Identification: I-1767
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
          Other_Citation_Details: scale 1:48,000
      Type_of_Source_Media: map
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1987
        Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Swadley and Carr, 1987
      Source_Contribution: Surficial geologic contacts

    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Swadley, WC
          Originator: Hoover, D.L.
          Publication_Date: 1989
          Title: Geologic map of the surficial deposits of the Jackass Flats quadrangle, Nye County, Nevada
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map
            Issue_Identification: I-1994
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
          Other_Citation_Details: scale 1:24,000
      Type_of_Source_Media: map
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1989
        Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Swadley and Hoover, 1989a
      Source_Contribution: Surficial geologic contacts

    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Swadley, WC
          Originator: Hoover, D.L.
          Publication_Date: 1989b
          Title: Geologic map of the surficial deposits of the Tonopah Spring quadrangle, Nye County, Nevada
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map
            Issue_Identification: I-2018
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
          Other_Citation_Details: scale 1:24,000
      Type_of_Source_Media: map
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1989
        Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Swadley and Hoover, 1989b
      Source_Contribution: Surficial geologic contacts

    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Swadley, WC
          Originator: Parrish, L.D.
          Publication_Date: 1988
          Title: Surficial geologic map of the Bare Mountain quadrangle, Nye County, Nevada
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map
            Issue_Identification: I-1826
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
          Other_Citation_Details: scale 1:48,000
      Type_of_Source_Media: map
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1988
        Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Swadley and Parrish, 1988
      Source_Contribution: Surficial geologic contacts

    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Wright, L.
          Originator: Troxel, B.W.
          Publication_Date: 1993
          Title: Geologic map of the central and northern Funeral Mountains and adjacent area, Death Valley region, southern California
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map
            Issue_Identification: I-2305
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
          Other_Citation_Details: scale 1:48,000
      Type_of_Source_Media: map
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1993
        Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Wright and Troxel, 1993
      Source_Contribution: Bedrock geologic contacts

    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: Bedrock geologic mapping and compilation of new mapping in AutoCAD.
      Process_Date: 1997 to 1998

    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: Digitize and compile bedrock mapping from previously published sources, and modify these based on new mapping, using AutoCAD.
      Process_Date: 1997 to 1998

    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: Interpret, digitize, and compile geophysically inferred faults, using AutoCAD.
      Process_Date: 1997 to 1998

    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: Compile surficial geology on 1:24,000-scale orthophotoquad maps, combining new mapping with previously published sources.
      Process_Date: 1998

    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: Digitize surficial geology using AutoCAD.
      Process_Date: 1998

    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: Review of data by M. Chornack.
      Process_Date: 1998

    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: Review of data by D. O'Leary.
      Process_Date: 1998

    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: Review of data by M. Hudson.
      Process_Date: 1998

    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: Review of data by W.R. Page.
      Process_Date: 1998

    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: Review of data by C. Menges.
      Process_Date: 1998

    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: Review of data by D. Buesch.
      Process_Date: 1998

    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: Review of data by M. Fahy.
      Process_Date: 1999

    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: Edit map in AutoCAD to address review comments.
      Process_Date: 1998 to 1999

    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: Import digital map elements into ARC/INFO.
      Process_Date: 1999

    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: Edits made in ARCEDIT to existing data include:  unclosed polygons closed, incorrectly attributed polygons relabeled, incorrect structural symbols fixed, fault attributes and displacement symbols edited, and global changes made to colors.
      Process_Date: 1999 to 2002

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
  Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector

Spatial_Reference_Information:
  Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
    Planar:
      Grid_Coordinate_System:
        Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
        Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
          UTM_Zone_Number: 11
          Transverse_Mercator:
            Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: .9996
            Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -116.46
            Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.0
            False_Easting: 0.0
            False_Northing: 0.0
      Planar_Coordinate_Information:
        Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair
        Coordinate_Representation:
          Abscissa_Resolution: 65
          Ordinate_Resolution: 65
        Planar_Distance_Units: meters
    Geodetic_Model:
      Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1927
      Ellipsoid_Name: Clarke 1866
      Semi-major_Axis: 6378206.4
      Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 294.98

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
  Overview_Description:
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
      All coverages contain the standardized attributes for arcs and polygons assigned by ARC/INFO.  For arcs these attributes are:

      COLUMN--ITEM_NAME----------WIDTH-----OUTPUT-----TYPE---#_DECIMALS

      1-------FNODE#---------------4----------5---------B---------\

      5-------TNODE#---------------4----------5---------B---------\

      9-------LPOLY#---------------4----------5---------B---------\

      13------RPOLY#---------------4----------5---------B---------\

      17------LENGTH---------------8---------18---------F---------5

      25------<cover>#-------------4----------5---------B---------\

      29------<cover>-ID-----------4----------5---------B---------\

      For polygons these attributes are:

      COLUMN--ITEM_NAME----------WIDTH-----OUTPUT-----TYPE---#_DECIMALS

      1-------AREA-----------------8---------18---------F---------5

      9-------PERIMETER------------8---------18---------F---------5

      17------<cover>#-------------4----------5---------B---------\

      21------<cover>-ID-----------4----------5---------B---------\

      COVERAGE-----FEATURE-----DESCRIPTION
      Items/Attributes----------Values

      plate1-----lines-----cultural linework  (roads, township and range, NTS boundary, map border and tics)

      ITEM: layer          DESCRIPTION:
      ROADS_FINAL          Roads in study area
      TOWN_RANGE           Township and range boundaries
      SECTIONS_100K        Township and range section lines
      NTS                  Nevada Test Site boundary
      BORDER               Map border
      TICS_STATE_PLANE     Nevada State Plane graticules
      TICS_LAT_LONG        Latitude and longitude graticules

      ball_bar-----lines--------displacement symbols on faults
      ball_bar-----polygons-----displacement symbols on faults
      ITEM: ssym          DESCRIPTION:
      1                   Number corresponding to a shadeset symbol

      szgeol-----polygons-------geologic units
      ITEMS:              DESCRIPTION:
      MAP_UNIT            Lithostratigraphic symbols
      UNIT_DESCRIPTION    Description of lithostratigraphic symbols
      SSYM                Number corresponding to a shadeset symbol
      (Values for the coverage items are presented in table format below)
      MAP_UNIT...UNIT_DESCRIPTION...                                        SSYM
      CZw        Wood Canyon Formation                                       694
      Cb         Bonanza King Formation                                      461
      Cc         Carrara Formation                                           601
      Cn         Nopah Formation                                             518
      Cz         Zabriskie Quartzite                                         810
      DSd        Dolomite                                                     55
      Dc         Dolomite limestone and sandy dolomite                        52
      MDs        Clastic sedimentary rocks (includes Eleana)                 332
      Mc         Chainman Shale                                              179
      Ou         Sedimentary rocks, undivided (Ely Sprs. Eureka Pogonip)     238
      Qa         Alluvium (Holocene)                                         748
      Qam        Alluvium (late and middle Pleistocene)                      705
      Qao        Older alluvium (middle and early Pleistocene)               501
      Qay        Younger alluvium (Holocene and late Pleistocene)            575
      Qay/Qam    mantle of Qay over Qam                                      705
      Qay/Qem    mantle of Qay over Qem                                      767
      Qbo        Older Quaternary basalt                                      98
      Qby        Younger Quaternary basalt                                   130
      Qe         Eolian deposits (Holocene to middle Pleistocene)            759
      Qem        Eolian-colluvial ramp deposits (Holocene-middle Pleis.)     767
      Qem/Qao    mantle of Qem over Qao                                      501
      Qeo        Older eolian sand (middle to early Pleistocene)             576
      Qey        Eolian sand and fragments (Holocene and late Pleistocene)   715
      Qey/Qam    mantle of Qey over Qam                                      705
      Qey/Qeo    mantle of Qey over Qeo                                      576
      Qsd        Spring deposits (Holocene to middle Pleistocene)            681
      Tac        Calico Hills Formation                                      184
      Tbo        Older Tertiary basalts (Miocene)                            129
      Tby        Younger Tertiary basalt of Crater Flat (Pliocene)           372
      Tcb        Bullfrog Tuff                                               509
      Tcp        Prow Pass Tuff                                              422
      Tcr        Rhyolite of Prospector Pass                                 151
      Tcs        Pre-Bullfrog Tuff bedded tuff                               322
      Tct        Tram Tuff                                                   152
      Tfb        Beatty Wash Formation                                       632
      Tfd        Lavas of Dome Mountain                                      119
      Tfs        Rhyolite of Shoshone Mountain                               633
      Tgc        Conglomerates, fanglomerates, and rock-avalanche breccia    652
      Ti         Intrusions (Miocene)                                        217
      Tma        Ammonia Tanks Tuff                                          721
      Tmb        Rhyolite of Waterpipe Butte                                 111
      Tmp        Rhyolite of Pinnacles Ridge                                 707
      Tmr        Rainier Mesa Tuff                                           124
      Tmw        Rhyolite of Windy Wash                                      905
      Tpbt       Bedded tuff (Paintbrush Gp.)                                116
      Tpc        Tiva Canyon Tuff                                            901
      Tpcy       Tuff of Pinyon Pass                                         732
      Tpd        Rhyolite of Delirium Canyon                                 114
      Tpk        Rhyolite of Comb Peak                                       154
      Tpp        Pah Canyon Tuff                                             542
      Tpr        Rhyolite lavas, undivided (Paintbrush Gp.)                  155
      Tpt        Topopah Spring Tuff                                         336
      Tpv        Rhyolite of Vent Pass                                       554
      Tpx        Paintbrush Group tuffs, undivided
      (flt zn: tectonically mixed)                               577
      Tpy        Yucca Mountain Tuff                                         514
      Trx        Rock-avalanche breccia of southern Crater Flat (Miocene)    303
      Ts         Older sedimentary rocks, undivided (Miocene and Oligocene   387
      Ttr        Rocket Wash Tuff of Thirsty Canyon Group (Miocene)          555
      Tvo        Older volcanic rocks, undivided (Miocene)                   909
      Tvx        Intracaldera and caldera margin megabreccia and mesobreccia 541
      Tvy        Younger volcanic rocks (Pliocene to Miocene)                527
      Tw         Wahmonie Formation                                          304
      Zs         Stirling Quartzite                                          494

      szlines-----lines-----attributed with ITEM layer as follows:
      ITEM: layer                        DESCRIPTION:
      BORDER_50K_MAP                     Extent of study area
      CALDERA                            Structural Boundary of Claim Canyon
      Caldera
      CONTACT                            Geologic contact - exposed or well
      constrained
      CONTACT_APPROX                     Geologic contact - approximately
      located
      CONTACT_CONCEALED                  Geologic contact - concealed beneath
      Quaternary cover or poorly exposed
      CONTACT_Q                          Geologic contact of Quaternary aged
      deposits
      CROSS_SECTION_LINES                Location of cross sections A-A', B-B',
      C-C', and D-D'
      FAULT                              Fault - exposed or well constrained
      FAULT_APPROX                       Fault - approximately located
      FAULT_INFER_GEOL                   Fault - concealed and inferred beneath
      Quaternary cover
      FAULT_INFER_GP                     Fault - concealed beneath Quaternary
      cover and inferred from geophysical
      data
      FAULT_PRE_TERTIARY_THRUST          Thrust fault - pre-Tertiary age,
      exposed or well constrained
      FAULT_PRE_TERTIARY_THRUST_INFER    Thrust fault - pre-Tertiary age,
      concealed and inferred beneath
      Quaternary cover or poorly exposed
      FAULT_LOW_ANGLE_NORMAL             Gently dipping normal fault
      SCARP_AL                           Fault scarps in Quaternary deposits
      SYMBOL_CALC_DIP                    Symbols displaying strike and dip of
      bedrock estimated using 3-point
      method
      SYMBOL_FLT_FLD                     Symbols displaying relative horizontal
      movement (paired arrows) on faults,
      teeth on reverse faults, and queries
      (uncertain) fault locations), and
      fold axes
      SYMBOL_FOLIATION                   Symbols displaying strike and dip of
      compaction foliation
      SYMBOL_HORIZ_BD                    Symbols displaying horizontal bedding
      SYMBOL_OVRTRN_BD                   Symbols displaying overturned bedding
      SYMBOL_STRIKE_DIP                  Symbols displaying strike and dip of
      bedding
      SYMBOL_VERT_BED                    Symbols displaying vertically dipping
      bedding
      UNIT_LABELS                        Line leaders from map unit to text
      describing bedrock geologic units
      UNIT_LABELS_Q                      Line leaders from map unit to text
      describing geologic units of
      Quaternary age

      szlines-----annotation-----Text for geologic units, borehole and map symbol labels
      subclass:    anno.dxf    Description
      Level
      1                        geology labels
      3                        fault names
      4                        cross section trace labels
      5                        borehole labels
      6                        foliation labels
      7                        measured strike and dip labels
      8                        calculated strike and dip labels
      9                        overturned bedding labels
      10                       queries symbols(?)on fault traces

      szlines-----points-----borehole locations
      ITEM: layer              DESCRIPTION:
      BOREHOLES_1996           Location of selected bore holes in study area

      Topo24k_pot-----arcs-----topographic base
      ITEMS:                   DESCRIPTION:
      elev_ft                  elevation of line
      index200                 1 if line is a 200 ft index contour, otherwise 0

    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: None

Distribution_Information:
  Distributor:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Organization_Primary:
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing address
        Address: U.S. Geological Survey, Central Publications Group
        Address: Box 25046
        Address: Denver Federal Center, MS-902
        City: Denver
        State_or_Province: Colorado
        Postal_Code: 80225
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 303-236-5486
  Distribution_Liability: Although these digital spatial data have been subjected to rigorous review and are substantially complete, they are released on the condition that neither the USGS nor the United States Government may be held liable for any damages resulting from their authorized or unauthorized use.
  Standard_Order_Process:
    Digital_Form:
      Digital_Transfer_Information:
        Format_Name: ARCE and Shape File Format
        Format_Version_Number: ARC/INFO version 8.0.2
        File_Decompression_Technique: gzip
      Digital_Transfer_Option:
        Online_Option:
          Computer_Contact_Information:
            Network_Address:
              Network_Resource_Name: <http://geology.cr.usgs.gov/pub/i-maps/i-2755>
    Fees: None

Distribution_Information:
  Distributor:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Organization_Primary:
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing address
        Address: USGS Information Services
        Address: Box 25286
        City: Denver
        State_or_Province: Colorado
        Postal_Code: 80225
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS
  Resource_Description: I-2755 (Map-on-Demand)
  Distribution_Liability: None
  Standard_Order_Process:
    Non-digital_Form: Available as one printed sheet plus one 44-page pamphlet.  Order from USGS at the address listed above.
    Fees: Contact USGS at the address listed above.

Metadata_Reference_Information:
  Metadata_Date: 20021122
  Metadata_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Person_Primary:
        Contact_Person: Christopher J. Potter
        Contact_Organization: U.S Geological Survey
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing address
        Address: Box 25046
        Address: Denver Federal Center, MS-939
        City: Denver
        State_or_Province: Colorado
        Postal_Code: 80225
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 303-236-1735
  Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
  Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
  Metadata_Access_Constraints: None
  Metadata_Use_Constraints: None