The density of water is how much larger than air?
( ) 1/100
( ) 100
( ) 1000
( ) 1 x 10^6

What is a wavelength?
( ) the length of the crest of a wave
( ) the distance between crests
( ) the depth that a wave has zero motion
( ) the distance between crest and trough

Sound moves slower near the troposphere. This occurs because this region of the atmosphere
( ) contains ozone, and sound is slow in ozone
( ) is colder
( ) is less dense
( ) is above the clouds

A growing thunderstorm rises to about 60,000 feet, and then no longer rises. This is because:
( ) It reaches the ozone level
( ) It reaches an altitude where the surrounding air is too cold to support further rise
( ) It does not have sufficient energy to go further
( ) It gets tired

A high index of refraction indicates that light travelling through it travels:
( ) faster than in a low index material
( ) slower than in a low index material
( ) in a curved path
( ) the same speed as in a lower index material, but the speed of sound changes.

Water waves tend to move:
( ) slower in shallow water
( ) faster in shallow water as they break
( ) slower in deep water
( ) The same speed in shallow water as in deep water
 
You are swimming in the ocean and you see a wave coming. It is about 1 meter high, and the distance between two crests is about 12 m. Approximately how far down do you need to go in order to miss most (2/3) of the underwater part of the wave?
( ) 1 m
( ) 2 m
( ) 3 m
( ) 6 m
( ) 12 m

In the "haunted house" of Disneyland, there is a dinner table at which dancing ghosts appear and disappear. The most accurate physics description of these ghosts is:
( ) they are real images
( ) they are virtual images
( ) they are ghostly images
( ) they appear at the focus of the mirror

In the South Pacific, a submarine engine emits a loud sound. The Hawaii Station (North Point of Triangle) reports the sound after a certain period of time n. The Philippines Station (West Point of Triangle) reports the sound after 2n. The Tahiti Station (South Point of Triangle) reports the sound after 3n. Using the principles of the LOFAR system, what following location best approximates the location of the sub?
( ) The sub is locatednear American Samoa, which is closest to Tahiti, then next closest to the Philippines, then next closest to Hawaii.
( ) The sub is located nearest to the Philippines, then next nearest to Tahiti, then next nearest to Hawaii.
( ) The sub is located off the coast of Guam, which is closest to the Philippines, then to Hawaii, then to Tahiti.
( ) The sub is located nearest to Hawaii, then next closest to the Philippines, and furthest from Tahiti.
( ) The sub is located more west of Hawaii than east of the Philippines, and is more south of the Philippines than north of Tahiti.

The sun appears yellow because
( ) blue is the color that bounces the most
( ) blue is the color that scatters the most
( ) blue is the color that reflects the most
( ) blue is the color that spreads the most

As the velocity of a moving object approaches the speed of light, what happens to its energy?
( ) goes to zero
( ) goes to infinity
( ) becomes mc^2
( ) becomes (1/2) m c^2

When the velocity of a proton is half of the speed of light, then the gamma function is closest  to:
( ) 0
( ) 0.5
( ) 0.7
( ) 1
( ) 1.1
( ) 2

If Muller discovers a new, energetic particle (the Mulleron) that has zero mass, then we can conclude that the Mulleron
( ) can pass directly through matter
( ) is a black hole
( ) travels at the speed of light
( ) is radioactive

Control Rods
( ) slow down neutrons.
( ) absorb neutrons.
( ) capture fission fragments
( ) absorb plutonium and uranium

How much energy would it take to send a small dust particle at the speed of light:
( ) Energy from all the dynamite in the world
( ) Energy from all of the nuclear weapons in the world
( ) The energy of a photon if you simply let it ride on a light photon
( ) All of the energy in the universe
( ) It is impossible

Lorentz contraction says that a football thrown past your face:
( ) is shorter by a factor of gamma
( ) is longer by a factor of gamma
( ) is the same length as it is at rest
( ) appears different, but is not truly different. 

Speed of a massless particle (careful; may be trick)
( ) is the same to all observers
( ) is faster to people moving in the same direction
( ) slower to people moving in the same direction

Which travels fastest?
( ) L wave
( ) S wave
( ) P wave
( ) they all travel at the same speed

If the time between P and S waves is 10 seconds, how far from the epicenter are you?
( ) 2 milwa
( ) 10 miles
( ) 20 miles
( ) 50 miles

Which of the following cannot be used as a moderator?
( ) heavy water
( ) light water
( ) graphite
( ) uranium

The symbol beta (the letter b with a tail) stands for
( ) v/c
( ) 1 decay per second
( ) 1/sqrt(1-v^2)
( ) mc^2

Which of the following is polarized?
( ) blue sky light
( ) direct sun light (yellow)
( ) light from a candle
( ) light from a TV screen

If we turn the sun into a black hole, then the force on the Earth will 
( ) increase by a factor less than a million
( ) increase by a factor much greater than a million 
( ) be unchanged

For the earth to become a black hole it would have to be reduced to the size of:
( ) Berkeley
( ) an automobile
( ) a coin
( ) a pin head 

How much energy is in a quanta of visible light? Approximately:
( ) 2 eV
( ) 1 cal
( ) 1 Cal
( ) 1 kWh

When you hear distant automobiles in the morning, that is probably an indication of:
( ) global warming
( ) ozone layer depletion
( ) an inversion
( ) fog

As an object gets hotter and hotter, the color of its glow will change from
( ) white, to yellow, to red, to blue
( ) blue, to white, to yellow, to red
( ) red, to yellow, to white, to blue
( ) yellow, to white, to blue, to red
( ) none of the above

Which of the following are retroreflectors? Check all that apply.
( ) bicycle reflectors
( ) human eyes
( ) stop signs
( ) animal eyes

As the wavelength of light decreases, the frequency: 
( ) decreases
( ) increases
( ) stays the same

An earthquake waves does its worst damage when it reaches an area that 
( ) slows it down
( ) increases its frequency
( ) decreases its frequency
( ) adds additional energy

The ozone layer is created by
( ) ultraviolet light
( ) cool temperatures
( ) cosmic rays
( ) carbon dioxide

When light passes through glass, its velocity
( ) stays the same
( ) increase
( ) decreases

Which of the following has the lowest frequency?
( ) TV
( ) AM radio
( ) visible light
( ) gamma rays

SOFAR took advantage of
( ) the sound channel in the ocean
( ) the sound channel in the atmosphere
( ) the magnetic field of the earth
( ) the uncertainty principle

As you move to a higher altitude, the temperature of the air
( ) first gets cooler, then warmer
( ) stays constant, then gets cooler
( ) first gets warmer, then cooler

Which of the following was true about project Mogul?
( ) It was concerned with the atmosphere
( ) It resulted in the first nuclear bomb
( ) It led to the discovery of nuclear fission
( ) It involved the invention of integrated circuits 

An electromagnetic wave is a
( ) longitudinal wave
( ) transverse wave
( ) both a longitudinal and transversal wave
( ) none of the above

What are mirages?
( ) reflections of the sky
( ) water absorbed into the ground
( ) the absorption of blue light in the surrounding air
( ) retroreflectors in the ground

Which of the following is NOT true?
( ) primary waves are longitudinal
( ) secondary waves are transverse
( ) surface waves do the most damage

What is the Schwartzchild Radius of the sun?
( ) 1 million km
( ) 3 km
( ) 10 cm
( ) 1 cm
( ) 1 micron
 
Sound travels faster in a gas which is:
( ) less dense
( ) hotter
( ) colder
( ) more dense

When you look at a galaxy 5 billion light years away, you: 
( ) see this galaxy as it was 5 billion years ago 
( ) see this galaxy as it was about a million years ago
( ) you can never see a galaxy 5 billion light years away
( ) you see the galaxy the way it is now

According to Muller, the Flying Disks of Roswell were:
( ) advanced space vehicles
( ) nuclear weapons
( ) microphones
( ) alien devices of undetermined purpose

Radio waves and x-rays have the:
( ) same frequency
( ) same speed
( ) same wave length
( ) same energy
( ) none of the above

The force of gravity between two ants that are separated by 100 meters is:
( ) attractive
( ) repulsive
( ) zero
( ) it depends on whether they can see each other

In a standard television set, the image is produced by:
( ) electrons hitting a phosphor
( ) protons hitting a phosphor
( ) xrays
( ) ultraviolet radiation 

Our velocity around the sun is approximately
( ) 30 km per second
( ) about the same as the velocity of sound
( ) close to the speed of light
( ) 1000 miles per hour

To make clothes appear extra clean, manufacturers apply:
( ) infrared radiation
( ) electron beam
( ) ultraviolet radiation
( ) fluorescent dyes

A nuclear reactor cannot explode like an atomic bomb because:
( ) there are no gamma rays to focus the implosion
( ) there is no tritium present
( ) no neutrons are present
( ) the neutrons are too slow

A "black light" is designed to emit
( ) UV
( ) IR
( ) radio waves
( ) x-rays

Two soap bubbles from the same soap appear to be different colors. They probably have:
( ) different sizes
( ) different absorption
( ) different temperature
( ) different thickness

The most information (bits per second) can be carried by which kind of light:
( ) Radio
( ) Infrared
( ) Red
( ) Blue
( ) Ultraviolet

"Red eye" in a camera results from light reflecting off:
( ) the retina
( ) the lens
( ) the pupil
( ) the corner reflector

If the pin hole in a pinhole camera is made larger, then: (check all that are correct):
( ) the image gets brighter
( ) the image gets sharper
( ) the image gets smaller

The ozone layer is created by:
( ) carbon dioxide
( ) lightning
( ) sunlight
( ) chlorofluorocarbons

Newton could have recognized light was a wave if he had studied:
( ) the colors of rainbows
( ) the bending of light when it enters water
( ) corner reflectors
( ) the colors of oil floating on water

Light waves are
( ) longitudinal
( ) transverse
( ) circular

Mark all of the following that are used as moderators:
( ) ordinary water
( ) heavy water
( ) graphite (carbon)
( ) strontium-90

Sound waves are primarily:
( ) longitudinal
( ) transverse
( ) circular
( ) shear

To have a sound channel, there must be
( ) a minimum in the velocity of sound
( ) a maximum in the velocity of sound
( ) a decrease of the velocity with depth
( ) an increase of the velocity with depth

GPS works by:
( ) sending signal to satellites that then radio back the location
( ) receiving signals and calculating the position
( ) detecting the position of the sound channel in the atmosphere

Sunlight is brightest in which color:
( ) UV
( ) red
( ) green
( ) blue
( ) IR

SOSUS was
( ) a program to build an atomic bomb
( ) a program to exploit a sound channel
( ) a program to drop food in Afghanistan
( ) an unmanned airplane for surveillance

Mogul was
( ) a program to build an atomic bomb
( ) a program to exploit a sound channel
( ) a program to drop food in Afghanistan
( ) an unmanned airplane for surveillance


You are most likely to be able to hear distant sounds in the evening because
( ) sound bends upwards, away from the ground
( ) sound is most likely to travel in a straight line at that time
( ) sound bends downwards towards the ground

The ozone layer is most likely to be damaged by
( ) the burning of fossil fuels
( ) chemicals in old refrigerators and air conditioners
( ) global warming
( ) release of Strontium-90 into the atmosphere

In music, an "octave" refers to two frequencies that differ by a factor of
( ) eight
( ) four
( ) two
( ) one

If we double the frequency of sound, the wavelength is
( ) doubled
( ) halved
( ) unchanged
( ) quadrupled

Stinger missiles are guided by:
( ) IR 
( ) UV
( ) GPS
( ) lasers

Most of the energy of electricity used in a light bulb goes to:
( ) IR
( ) visible light
( ) UV
( ) green

Rainbows show different colors because:
( ) droplets of water have different sizes
( ) in water, different frequencies have different velocities
( ) the direction of light "spreads" because the wavelength is short
( ) droplets of water change the color of air molecules

The fastest earthquake wave is the 
( ) L wave
( ) S wave
( ) P wave
( ) F wave

You feel the tremors of an earthquake. You dive under a table. 10 seconds later you feel another, stronger shaking. The distance to the epicenter is about:
( ) 2 miles
( ) 5 miles
( ) 10 miles
( ) 50 miles

We know that the inner part of the Earth is liquid because:
( ) No S waves move across it
( ) We can detect the flow of material from the emitted sound
( ) At such great pressures, everything becomes liquid
( ) neutrinos pass through it and show the pattern

The same note is heard on two pianos. Beats are heard once per second. From this we deduce:
( ) at least one of the pianos is out of tune (the notes are at the wrong frequency)
( ) both pianos are out of tune 
( ) the pianos have been accurately tuned
( ) the pianos will sound especially pleasant if played together

Very long wavelength water waves travel:
( ) at the same speed as short wavelength waves
( ) slower than short wavelength wave
( ) faster than short wavelength waves
( ) some faster, some slower, depending on frequency

The crack of a bullwhip occurs when
( ) the end moves faster than the speed of sound
( ) the end triggers an electron avalanche and makes a spark
( ) the end smacks against the air, briefly creating ions
( ) the end causes a phase change in the vacuum 

When backpacking without a tent, Muller will sleep under a tree, so he will be dry when he wakes up. Dew doesnt form under a tree because:
( ) the tree radiates infrared energy to keep the ground warm
( ) the tree blocks wind which cools the ground
( ) moisture is absorbed by the tree, making the ground dry
( ) ultraviolet radiation is reflected by the leaves of the tree

If you double the temperature of the tungsten filament of a light bulb, the energy emitted
( ) remains approximately the same
( ) increases by a factor of 2
( ) increases by a factor of 4
( ) increases by a factor of 16

When a person moves at a velocity near the speed of light, which of the following are true --compared to a person at rest. (check all that are applicable):
( ) he doesn't age as rapidly
( ) his length gets longer
( ) his mass increases
( ) his energy increases

If the velocity is (12/13)c, then the gamma function is:
( ) sqrt(5/13)
( ) 13/5
( ) 5/3
( ) none of the above

Most of the energy of an ordinary tungsten-filmament light bulb is emitted in the color:
( ) ultraviolet
( ) green
( ) red
( ) infrared

If the sun were made into a black hole, its radius would be approximately
( ) one centimeter
( ) one meter
( ) the size of Berkeley 
( ) the size of the Earth

A solar cell is about 3 feet by 3 feet square. The power of sunlight hitting this cell (not the power in electricity coming from the cell) is approximately:
( ) 1/10 horsepower
( ) 1 horsepower
( ) 10 horsepower
( ) 100 horsepower

To make a road-sign brighter at night, it is often covered with:
( ) tiny glass beads
( ) fluorescent dyes
( ) chemicals that make white "whiter than white"
( ) flat mirrors to reflect the light

The speed of light in glass is approximately:
( ) 1.5 c
( ) (2/3) c
( ) c
( ) 0.999 c

A pianist plays two keys: middle C, and the C above middle C (i.e. an octave higher). The speed of sound for the higher frequency, compared to that for the lower frequency, is (careful: possibly a trick question):
( ) the same
( ) 2 x faster
( ) 2 x slower
( ) sqrt(2) faster

During a typical day, sound emitted near the ground tends to bend:
( ) upwards, towards the sky
( ) downward, towards the ground
( ) not at all; it goes straight

A key idea that made the nuclear bomb possible was
( ) the discovery of the equation E = mc2
( ) the discovery that neutrons were emitted when nuclei fission
( ) the discovery of natural plutonium in the Earth
( ) the recognition that tritium was radioactive

Diamonds sparkle in many colors due to their
( ) high dispersion
( ) high index of refraction
( ) hardness
( ) fluorescence
( ) polarization

3. Fiber optics are better than wires for carrying large amounts of information because:
( ) light travels faster than radio waves
( ) light has a higher frequency than radio waves
( ) light has more energy than radio waves
( ) global warming

When viewed between two Polaroid films, the plastic showed vivid colors because:
( ) it had uneven thickness
( ) it polarizes light
( ) it absorbs one polarization more than another 
( ) stress causes polarization to rotate

Visible light has a wavelength of
( ) about a meter
( ) about 10 cm
( ) about a millionth of a meter
( ) about a billionth of a meter

A moderator:
( ) absorbs neutrons
( ) enriches U-235
( ) creates fission fragments
( ) slows neutrons 

The speed of light is approximately
( ) one foot in a billionth of a second
( ) 186,000 miles in one billionth of a second
( ) 330 meters in one billionth of a second
( ) 3 x108 meters in one billionth of a second

When a TV screen shows white, the fraction of the dots on the screen that are white is
( ) 100%
( ) approximately 50%
( ) approximately 33%
( ) 0 % 

Fiber optics will replace copper wire because
( ) for the same amount of material, it is much cheaper
( ) unlike copper, it doesn't rust
( ) signals in fiber optics travel faster than in copper
( ) fiber can carry more information per second