BOREAS TE-20 NSA Soil Lab Data

Summary

This data set contains the major soil properties of soil samples collected at 
the tower flux sites in the NSA.  The soil samples were collected by Hugo 
Veldhuis and his staff from the University of Manitoba.  The mineral soil 
samples were largely analyzed  by Barry Goetz, under the supervision of Dr. 
Harold Rostad at the University of Saskatchewan.  The organic soil samples were 
largely analyzed by Peter Haluschak, under the supervision of Hugo Veldhuis at 
the Centre for Land and Biological Resources Research in Winnipeg, Manitoba. 

During the course of field investigation and mapping, selected surface and 
subsurface soil samples were collected for laboratory analysis.  These samples 
were used as benchmark references for specific soil attributes in general soil 
characterization.  Detailed soil sampling, description and laboratory analysis 
were performed on selected modal soils to provide examples of common soil 
physical and chemical characteristics in the study area.

The soil properties that were determined include soil horizon; dry soil color; 
pH; bulk density; total, organic, and inorganic carbon; electric conductivity; 
cation exchange capacity; exchangeable sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, 
and hydrogen; water content at 0.01, 0.033, and 1.5 MPascals; nitrogen; 
phosphorus; particle size distribution; texture; pH of the mineral soil and of 
the organic soil; extractable acid; and sulfur.  These data are stored in ASCII 
text files.


Table of Contents

   *  1 Data Set Overview
   *  2 Investigator(s)
   *  3 Theory of Measurements
   *  4 Equipment
   *  5 Data Acquisition Methods
   *  6 Observations
   *  7 Data Description
   *  8 Data Organization
   *  9 Data Manipulations
   *  10 Errors
   *  11 Notes
   *  12 Application of the Data Set
   *  13 Future Modifications and Plans
   *  14 Software
   *  15 Data Access
   *  16 Output Products and Availability
   *  17 References
   *  18 Glossary of Terms
   *  19 List of Acronyms
   *  20 Document Information

1. Data Set Overview

1.1 Data Set Identification
BOREAS TE-20 NSA Soil Lab Data

1.2 Data Set Introduction

This data set was collected by Hugo Veldhuis, who worked under contract with the 
BOReal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS) Terrestrial Ecology (TE)-20 team to 
collect soil samples at the BOREAS Northern Study Area (NSA) tower sites and to 
provide the results of various laboratory tests performed on the soil samples.
  
1.3 Objective/Purpose

There was a general need within BOREAS for soil properties to be obtained.  
These data were not collected with any particular application in mind.  Various 
groups in BOREAS needed measurements of soil carbon content, bulk density, 
electrical conductivity (EC), and other soil properties for use in ecological 
models.

1.4 Summary of Parameters
    
The following soil parameters were measured: bulk density, pH of the soil, total 
carbon (TC), organic carbon (OC), inorganic carbon (IC), buffered cation 
exchange capacity (CEC), exchangeable sodium (Na), exchangeable potassium (K), 
exchangeable calcium (Ca), exchangeable magnesium (Mg), field moisture, 
saturated moisture, wilting moisture, total nitrogen (N), particle size 
distribution, extractable acidity, and total sulfur (S).   

1.5 Discussion

During the field investigation and mapping, selected surface and subsurface soil 
samples were collected for laboratory analysis.  These samples were used as 
benchmark references for specific soil attributes in general soil 
characterization.  Detailed soil sampling, description and laboratory analysis 
were performed on selected modal soils to provide examples of common soil 
physical and chemical characteristics in the study area.

1.6 Related Data Sets

BOREAS Agriculture Canada Central Saskatchewan Vector Soils Data
BOREAS CanSIS Regional Soils Data in Vector Format
BOREAS Regional Soils Data in Raster Format and AEAC Projection
BOREAS Soils Data over the SSA in Raster Format and AEAC Projection
BOREAS TE-01 Soils Data over the SSA Tower Sites in Raster Format
BOREAS TE-01 SSA Soil Lab Data
BOREAS TE-20 Soils Data over the NSA and Tower Sites in Raster Format
BOREAS TE-20 Soils Data over the NSA and Tower Sites in Vector Format
BOREAS TGB-12 Soil Carbon and Flux Data of NSA-MSA in Raster Format
BOREAS TGB-12 Soil Carbon Data over the NSA

2. Investigator(s)

2.1 Investigator(s) Name and Title

Hugo Veldhuis, Senior Pedologist
Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada

2.2 Title of Investigation

Soils of Tower Sites and Super Site, Northern Study Area, Thompson, Manitoba, 
Canada

2.3 Contact Information

Contact 1
--------------
Hugo Veldhuis       
Centre for Land & Biological Resources Research                
Manitoba Land Resource Unit 
Univ. of Manitoba       
Winnipeg, MB   CANADA 
(204) 474-6124 
(204) 474-7633 (fax)         

Contact 2
---------------
David Knapp
Raytheon STX Corporation
NASA GSFC
Greenbelt, MD  
(301) 286-1424
(301) 286-0239 (fax)
David.Knapp@gsfc.nasa.gov

3. Theory of Measurements

A number of different soil properties were measured for use by BOREAS 
investigators.  The theory and methods used to measure these properties are as 
follows:
   
Bulk Density: An intact known volume of soil is removed, dried, and weighed; the 
density can then be calculated.

TC: All types of carbon will be combusted into carbon dioxide (CO2) in a flow of 
oxygen (O2) at 2,500 F.

IC: IC reacts with acid producing CO2, which is quantified through titration.

OC: Equals measured TC minus measured IC.

EC: The soils ability to carry an electrical current which is indicative of 
salt content.

CEC: If a soil is washed with one cation (Ba), and the other cations are 
leached, the first cation fills the exchange sites of the leached cation, and 
equals the soil's CEC.

Exchangeable Cations: Equals the quantity of cations in the leachate after they 
have been exchanged off the soil.  

Soil Moisture Retentions: Equals the amount of water in soils under a suction 
equal to 1/10, 1/3, and 15 atmospheres (i.e., field moisture 10th, saturated 
moisture, and wilting moisture, as described respectively in the original soil 
analysis report).

Soil Size Fractions: Clay and silt are measured based on the principle that the 
speed at which a particle will fall in water will depend on the size of the 
particle.

4. Equipment

4.1 Sensor/Instrument Description

Bulk density: 10 cm diameter tube, 10 cm long.

TC:  LECO CR12 Carbon Determinator 781-600

CEC and exchangeable cations: Cation concentrations were measured by atomic 
adsorption-Perkin Elmer 3100.

Equipment used in other procedures is listed in the references and manuals 
listed in Section 17.

4.1.1 Collection Environment

None given.

4.1.2 Source/Platform

Not applicable.

4.1.3 Source/Platform Mission Objectives

Not applicable.

4.1.4 Key Variables

Soil Horizon
Soil Color (Dry)
pH
Bulk Density
Total Carbon
Organic Carbon
Inorganic Carbon
Electric Conductivity
Cation Exchange Capacity
Exchangeable Sodium
Exchangeable Potassium
Exchangeable Calcium
Exchangeable Magnesium
Exchangeable Hydrogen
Water Content at a pressure of 0.1 atmospheres (0.01 MPascals)
Water Content at a pressure of 0.33 atmospheres (0.033 MPascals)
Water Content at a pressure of 15 atmospheres (1.5 MPascals)
Nitrogen
Phosphorus
Percentage of Very Coarse Sand
Percentage of Coarse Sand
Percentage of Medium Sand
Percentage of Fine Sand
Percentage of Very Fine Sand
Percentage of Total Sand
Percentage of Total Silt
Percentage of Total Clay
Texture
Horizon Number
pH of the Mineral Soil (CaCl2)
pH of the Organic Soil (CaCl2)
pH of the Mineral Soil (H2O)
pH of the Organic Soil (H2O)
Extractable Acid
Sulfur

4.1.5 Principles of Operation

None given.

4.1.6 Sensor/Instrument Measurement Geometry

Not applicable.

4.1.7 Manufacturer of Sensor/Instrument

None given.

4.2 Calibration

Calibration information was provided for the following instruments:

Total Carbon: LECO 501-034 12%

Dry soil colors were measured according to the Munsell color chart.  All other 
standards were prepared in the laboratory from pure analytical compounds and 
tested against National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) standards.

4.2.1 Specifications

None given.

4.2.1.1 Tolerance

None given.

4.2.2 Frequency of Calibration

None given.

4.2.3 Other Calibration Information

None.

5. Data Acquisition Methods

Bulk Density: Cylinders of known volume and weight are pressed into the soil  
and filled with soil in its natural state. The soil and cylinder are dried at  
105 C and weighed. The soil weight is then calculated and divided by the  
cylinder volume (Manual on Soil Sampling and Methods of Analysis).

TC: Measured by combustion of dried soil samples in a LECO CR12 Carbon 
Determinator (LECO Corporation Application Bulletin form no. 203-601-071).

IC: Measured through digestion in acid, and evolved CO2 is measured directly as 
carbonic acid in a two-endpoint titration (Tiessen et al., 1983).

OC: Equals measured TC minus measured IC.

Total Nitrogen and Phosphorus: Digestion in H2SO4 and H2O2 (Thomas et al., 1967). 
Products NH4+ and P were measured colormetrically by the ammonia-salicylate 
method (Technicon, 1973) and acid-molybdate blue method (Murphy and Riley, 
1962), respectively.

Electrical conductivity and pH: Standard laboratory meter.

CEC: The cations on the exchange are replaced with barium (Ba), which is then 
exchanged off the soil with NH4 and the amount of Ba is measured (p. 54, Manual 
on Soil Sampling and Methods of Analysis).

Exchangeable Cations: Measured in leachate after Ba has exchanged them off the 
soil; Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ by atomic absorption and H+ by back titration with HCl to 
pH 5.1 (p. 83, Manual on Soil Sampling and Methods of Analysis).

Soil Moisture Retentions: Pressure plate extraction (p. 45, Manual on Soil 
Sampling and Methods of Analysis).

Soil Size Fractions: Pipette method (p. 6, Manual on Soil Sampling and Methods 
of Analysis).

6. Observations

6.1 Data Notes

The table below lists soil classification (by order, sub-group, and soil type), 
site location, soil polygon (Polynum), and BOREAS site location of soil pits in 
this study.  This information enables the user to spatially link soils data from 
this study to the TE-20 Soils Data over the NSA-MSA and Tower Sites in Raster 
Format and TGB-12 Soil Carbon and Flux Data of NSA-MSA in Raster Format.  See 
TE-20 soils data documentation, TE-20 Soils Report, and Soil Classification 
Working Group (1998) for detailed description of soil classification.


Soil Pit
Order
Sub-
group
Soil 
Type
Site
Polynum 
(TE-20 
data 
set)

BOREAS Site 
Location


FEN02
ORGANIC
TYF
FEN
Fen
21
NSA-FEN-FLXTR
9-TE20-SOLO2

FEN04
CRYSOLIC
MEOC
PAA
Fen
16
NSA-FEN-FLXTR
9-TE20-SOLO4

FEN06
CRYSOLIC
MEOC
PAA
Fen
16
NSA-FEN-FLXTR
9-TE20-SOLO6

FEN07
ORGANIC
TYF
BGC
Fen
10
NSA-FEN-FLXTR
9-TE20-SOLO7

FEN08
CRYOSOLIC
TMEOC
PLH
Fen
12
NSA-FEN-FLXTR
9-TE20-SOLO8

FEN09
ORGANIC
TYF
FCD
Fen
8
NSA-FEN-FLXTR
9-TE20-SOLO9

OBS01
LUVISOLIC
OGL
WBW
Obs
31
NSA-OBS-FLXTR
9-TE20-SOLO1

OBS02
LUVISOLIC
OGL
SWK
Obs
19
NSA-OBS-FLXTR
9-TE20-SOLO2

OBS03
CRYOSOLIC
RSC
PLH
Obs
12
NSA-OBS-FLXTR
9-TE20-SOLO3

OBS04
CRYSOLIC
TFIOC
NIC
Obs
16
NSA-OBS-FLXTR
9-TE20-SOLO4

OBS05
CRYSOLIC
TFIOC
NIC
Obs
21
NSA-OBS-FLXTR
9-TE20-SOLO5

OBS06
GLEYSOLIC
OLG
LPR
Obs
15
NSA-OBS-FLXTR
9-TE20-SOLO6

OBS07
LUVISOLIC
OGL
WBW
Obs
19
NSA-OBS-FLXTR
9-TE20-SOLO7

OJP01
BRUNISOLIC
EDYB
PCP
Ojp
9
NSA-OJP-FLXTR
9-TE20-SOLO1

OJP02
BRUNISOLIC
EDYB
PCP
Ojp
13
NSA-OJP-FLXTR
9-TE20-SOLO2

OJP03
BRUNISOLIC
EDYB
PCP
Ojp
9
NSA-OJP-FLXTR
9-TE20-SOLO3

OJP04
BRUNISOLIC
EDYB
PCP
Ojp
9
NSA-OJP-FLXTR
9-TE20-SOLO4

OJP05
BRUNISOLIC
EDYB
PCP
Ojp
2
NSA-OJP-FLXTR
9-TE20-SOLO5

OJP06
BRUNISOLIC
EDYB
PCP
Ojp
3
NSA-OJP-FLXTR
9-TE20-SOLO6

OJP07
GLEYSOLIC
OG
WTP
Ojp
12
NSA-OJP-FLXTR
9-TE20-SOLO7

OTA01
LUVISOLIC
OGL
WBW
Ota
5
NSA-90A-9TETR
9-TE20-SOLO1

OTA02
LUVISOLIC
OGL
PPU
Ota
13
NSA-90A-9TETR
9-TE20-SOLO2

US01
LUVISOLIC
OGL
SWK
Sst
41
NSA-9BS-9TETR
9-TE20-SOLO1

YJP01
GLEYSOLIC
OG
PCH
Yjp
12
NSA-YJP-FLXTR
9-TE20-SOLO1

YJP02
BRUNISOLIC
EDYB
PCP
Yjp
1
NSA-YJP-FLXTR
9-TE20-SOLO2

YJP03
BRUNISOLIC
EDYB
PCP
Yjp
14
NSA-YJP-FLXTR
9-TE20-SOLO3

YJP04
BRUNISOLIC
GLEDYB
PCB
Yjp
9
NSA-YJP-FLXTR
9-TE20-SOLO4

YJP05
BRUNISOLIC
GLEDYB
LWP
Yjp
9
NSA-YJP-FLXTR
9-TE20-SOLO5

YJP06
BRUNISOLIC
EDYB
CLK
Yjp
17
NSA-YJP-FLXTR
9-TE20-SOLO6



SOILDEV = Soil development (soil classification).

Order       Sub-Group

Brunisolic
EDYB           Eluviated Dystric Brunisol
GLEDYB         Gleyed Eluviated Dystric Brunisol
EEB            Eluviated Eutric Brunisol
GLEEB          Gleyed Eluviated Eutric Brunisol

Gleysolic
OHG            Orthic Humic Gleysol
RHG            Rego Humic Gleysol
OG             Orthic Gleysol
FEG            Ferric Gleysol
OLG            Orthic Luvic Gleysol
HULG           Humic Luvic Gleysol

Luvisolic
OGL            Orthic Gray Luvisol
DGL            Dark Gray Luvisol
GLGL           Gleyed Gray Luvisol
GLDGL          Gleyed Dark Gray Luvisol

Organic
TYF            Typic Fibrisol
MEF            Mesic Fibrisol
TF             Terric Fibrisol
TMEF           Terric Mesic Fibrisol
HYF            Hydric Fibrisol
TYM            Typic Mesisol
FIM            Fibric Mesisol
TM             Terric Mesisol
TFIM           Terric Fibric Mesisol
THUM           Terric Mesic Humisol
TH             Terric Humisol
TFIH           Terric Fibric Humisol
TMEH           Terric Mesic Humisol

Cryosolic
OSC            Orthic Static Cryosol
RSC            Regosolic Static Cryosol
OTC            Orthic Turbic Cryosol
RTC            Regosolic Turbic Cryosol
FIOC           Fibric Organic Cryosol
MEOC           Mesic Organic Cryosol
HUOC           Humic Organic Cryosol
TFIOC          Terric Fibric Organic Cryosol
TMEOC          Terric Mesic Organic Cryosol
THUOC          Terric Humic Organic Cryosol


VARIANT 

Code      Class  

c         Cryic 
l         Lithic 
p         Peaty 


SOIL TYPE  (See TE-20 Soils Report for descriptions of soil types.) 

ATK - Atik 
      BDY - Baldy 
BGC - Bog Collapse 
BRN - Brannigan Creek 
      BTT - Button 
CLK - Clarke 
 	CMK - Cormorant Lake 
      FCD - Fen Collapse 
FEN - Fen
GRS - Grass River 
      LPR - La Perouse 
LWP - Low Pine 
MDR - Medard 
 	NIC - Nichols Lake 
PAA - Palsa 
PCB - Partridge Beak 
      PCH - Partridge Head 
      PCP - Partridge Crop 
PKW - Pakwa 
      PLH - Palsa Hummock 
      PLT - Plateau 
      PPU - Pipun 
      ROK - Roe Lake 
SWK - Sipiwesk 
      SYB - Sandy Bog 
      TBL - Turnbull 
TFN - Thaw Fen 
TYL - Tyrrell 
      WBW - Wabowden 
WRL - Warren Landing 
      WTP - Wet Pine 
 	YGP - Young Pine

SOIL PHASE

Code

d      Deep 
h      Humus                
s      Shallow              
v      Very deep            
w      Very shallow         
x      Complex              



Note:  The TGB-12 and TE-20 raster data sets cover the same area of the NSA-MSA.  
Both data sets contain a raster image and an attribute file that describes each 
soil polygon.  The TGB-12 raster data was modified to account for the 1981 burn.  
In this data set polygons with POLYNUM 238 - 248 are within the burn.
 
6.2 Field Notes

None given.

7. Data Description

7.1 Spatial Characteristics

7.1.1 Spatial Coverage

The tower flux sites are located in the NSA at the following North American 
datum 1983 (NAD83) coordinates:


                            Longitude      Latitude
                           -----------    -----------
Old Black Spruce (OBS)     98.48139  W    55.88007   N
Old Jack Pine (OJP)        98.623958 W    55.9284153 N
Fen                        98.420716 W    55.9148083 N
Young Jack Pine (YJP)      98.287056 W    55.8957528 N
Aspen   (aux. site T2Q6A)  98.674786 W    55.8869081 N


7.1.2 Spatial Coverage Map

None.

7.1.3 Spatial Resolution

These data represent point locations.

7.1.4 Projection

Not applicable.

7.1.5 Grid Description

Not applicable.

7.2 Temporal Characteristics

7.2.1 Temporal Coverage

All measured parameters will change only over the long term, so any data could 
be valuable to generalize the soil characteristics of the area for many years in 
the future.

7.2.2 Temporal Coverage Map

The measurement of these soil properties was based on soil samples that were 
collected in 1994.

7.2.3 Temporal Resolution

The soil samples were collected at a certain point in time.  However, the soil 
properties that were derived from the samples do not tend to change 
significantly with time.


7.3 Data Characteristics

Data characteristics are defined in the companion data definition file 
(te20sldn.def).

7.4 Sample Data Record

Sample data format shown in the companion data definition file (te20sldn.def).

8. Data Organization

8.1 Data Granularity
    
All of the NSA Soil Lab Data are contained in one dataset.

8.2 Data Format(s)

The data files contain numerical and character fields of varying length 
separated by commas.  The character fields are enclosed with a single apostrophe 
marks.  There are no spaces between the fields. Sample data records are shown in 
the companion data definition file (te20sldn.def).

9. Data Manipulations

9.1 Formulae

None given.

9.1.1 Derivation Techniques and Algorithms

Not applicable.

9.2 Data Processing Sequence

9.2.1 Processing Steps

None given.

9.2.2 Processing Changes

None given.

9.3 Calculations

9.3.1 Special Corrections/Adjustments

None given.

9.3.2 Calculated Variables

None.

9.4 Graphs and Plots

None.

10. Errors

10.1 Sources of Error

Most errors incurred would be due to the heterogeneity of soils and to equipment 
precision, all of which would be within the limits required for the use of these 
data.

10.2 Quality Assessment

The soil survey was performed by a soil expert who has many years of soil survey 
field experience. As a result, there is a great deal of confidence in the field 
visual observations and in the quality of soil samples brought into the lab for 
analysis. All methods for measuring soil characteristics have been performed 
routinely in the soil survey division of the Centre for Land and Biological 
Resources Research. All methods have been tested thoroughly for accuracy, 
accepted for the general soil survey of Saskatchewan, and approved at the 
federal research level.

10.2.1 Data Validation by Source

None given.

10.2.2 Confidence Level/Accuracy Judgment

See Section 10.2.

10.2.3 Measurement Error for Parameters

The error ranges for most of the parameters are as follows:

pH: 5%
Bulk Density: 5%
TC and IC: 3%
Total Nitrogen and Phosphorus: 5%
EC and CEC: 5%
Exchangeable H+: 10%
Soil Moisture Retentions (0.3, 0.1, and 15 atm): 5%
Particle Size Fractions: 5%  

10.2.4 Additional Quality Assessments

None.

10.2.5 Data Verification by Data Center

A cursory review of the data was made to ensure that the data were as expected. 
Some spot checks were made to confirm that the data were within the realm of 
possibility.

The data were checked after loading into the relational data base to ensure that 
no errors occurred during loading.

11. Notes

11.1 Limitations of the Data

None given.

11.2 Known Problems with the Data

None given.

11.3 Usage Guidance

None given.

11.4 Other Relevant Information

None.

12. Application of the Data Set
    
This data set was created for use by BOREAS investigators to use in ecological 
models and other research purposes.

13. Future Modifications and Plans

None.

14. Software

14.1 Software Description

None.

14.2 Software Access

None.

15. Data Access

15.1 Contact Information

Ms. Beth Nelson
BOREAS Data Manager
NASA GSFC
Greenbelt, MD
(301) 286-4005
(301) 286-0239 (fax)
Elizabeth.Nelson@gsfc.nasa.gov

15.2 Data Center Identification

See Section 15.1.

15.3 Procedures for Obtaining Data

Users may place requests by telephone, electronic mail, or fax.
15.4 Data Center Status/Plans

The TE-20 lab soil data are available from the Earth Observing System Data and 
Information System (EOSDIS) Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Distributed 
Active Archive Center (DAAC).

The BOREAS contact at ORNL is:

ORNL DAAC User Services
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
(865) 241-3952
ornldaac@ornl.gov
ornl@eos.nasa.gov

16. Output Products and Availability

16.1 Tape Products

None.

16.2 Film Products

None.

16.3 Other Products

The data are available as ASCII files.

17. References

17.1 Platform/Sensor/Instrument/Data Processing Documentation

Manual on Soil Sampling and Methods of Analysis. 1978. J.A. McKeague (Ed). 
Canadian Soil Science Society.

Technicon Industrial Systems. 1973. Nitrate and nitrite in water and waste 
water. Industrial Method No. 100-70W. Technicon Industrial Systems, Tarrytown, 
NY.

17.2 Journal Articles and Study Reports

Murphy, J. and J.P. Riley. 1962. A modified single solution method for 
determination of phosphate in natural waters. Anal. Chim. Acta. 27: 31-36.

Sellers, P. and F. Hall. 1994. Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study: Experiment 
Plan. Version 1994-3.0, NASA BOREAS Report (EXPLAN 94). 

Sellers, P., F. Hall, H. Margolis, B. Kelly, D. Baldocchi, G. den Hartog, J. 
Cihlar, M.G. Ryan, B. Goodison, P. Crill, K.J. Ranson, D. Lettenmaier, and D.E. 
Wickland. 1995. The boreal ecosystem-atmosphere study (BOREAS): an overview and 
early results from the 1994 field year. Bulletin of the American Meteorological 
Society. 76(9):1549-1577. 

Sellers, P., F. Hall, and K.F. Huemmrich. 1996. Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere 
Study: 1994 Operations. NASA BOREAS Report (OPS DOC 94). 

Sellers, P. and F. Hall. 1996. Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study: Experiment 
Plan. Version 1996-2.0, NASA BOREAS Report (EXPLAN 96). 

Sellers, P., F. Hall, and K.F. Huemmrich. 1997. Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere 
Study: 1996 Operations. NASA BOREAS Report (OPS DOC 96). 

Sellers, P.J., F.G. Hall, R.D. Kelly, A. Black, D. Baldocchi, J. Berry, M. Ryan, 
K.J. Ranson, P.M. Crill, D.P. Lettenmaier, H. Margolis, J. Cihlar, J. Newcomer, 
D. Fitzjarrald, P.G. Jarvis, S.T. Gower, D. Halliwell, D. Williams, B. Goodison, 
D.E. Wickland, and F.E. Guertin. 1997. BOREAS in 1997: Experiment Overview, 
Scientific Results and Future Directions. Journal of Geophysical Research, 
102(D24):28,731-28,770.

Soil Classification Working Group (Eds.).  1998.  The Canadian System of Soil 
Classification.  3rd edition.  Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Publication 
1646.  187 pp.  Research Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, National 
Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario.

Thomas, R.L., R.W. Sueurd, and J.P. Moyer. 1967. Comparison of conventional and 
automated procedures for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium analysis of plant 
material using a single digest. Agron. J. 99: 240-243.

Tiessen, H., T.L. Roberts, and J.W.B. Stewart. 1983. Carbonate analysis in soils 
and minerals by acid digestion and two-endpoint titration. Commun. Soil Sci. 
Plant Anal. 14: 161-166.

Veldhuis, H. 1995. Soils of Tower Sites and Super Site, Northern Study Area,
Thompson, Manitoba, Canada.  BOREAS Project Soils Report for NSA.

Veldhuis, H. and G. Rapalee.  1999.  Soil carbon stocks and distribution in soil 
and landscapes of the Glacial Lake Agassiz basin, north-central Manitoba.  In 
Proceedings of 42nd Annual Manitoba Soil Science Society Meeting, Winnipeg MB.  
181-188.

17.3 Archive/DBMS Usage Documentation

None.

18. Glossary of Terms

None.

19. List of Acronyms

    ASCII   - American Standard Code for Information Interchange
    BOREAS  - BOReal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study
    BORIS   - BOREAS Information System
    CEC     - Cation Exchange Capacity
    DAAC    - Distributed Active Archive Center
    EC      - Electric Conductivity
    EOS     - Earth Observing System
    EOSDIS  - EOS Data and Information System
    GSFC    - Goddard Space Flight Center
    IC      - Inorganic Carbon
    NASA    - National Aeronautics and Space Administration
    NIST    - National Institute of Standards and Technology
    NSA     - Northern Study Area
    OA      - Old Aspen
    OBS     - Old Black Spruce
    OC      - Organic Carbon
    OJP     - Old Jack Pine
    ORNL    - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
    PANP    - Prince Albert National Park
    PI      - Principal Investigator
    SSA     - Southern Study Area
    TC      - Total Carbon
    TE      - Terrestrial Ecology
    URL     - Uniform Resource Locator
    YJP     - Young Jack Pine

20. Document Information

20.1 Document Revision Date

Written: 01-Jan-1997
Last Revised: 12-Apr-1999

20.2 Document Review Date(s)

     BORIS Review: 20-Aug-1998
     Science Review: 14-Jul-1998
 
20.3 Document ID

20.4 Citation

Please contact Hugo Veldhuis before publishing any results that are based on 
these data.

20.5 Document Curator

20.6 Document URL


KEYWORDS

BULK DENSITY
CATION EXCHANGE CAPACITY
CARBON
EXCHANGEABLE CATIONS
MOISTURE RETENTION
PH
SOIL

TE20_NSA_Soil_Lab.doc
05/07/99