Metadata:
  Identification_Information:
    Citation:
      Citation_Information:
        Originator: Sherman P. Marsh
        Originator: Donald H. Richter
        Originator: Steve Ludington
        Originator: Eduardo Soria-Escalante
        Originator: Angel Escobar-Diaz
        Publication_Date: 1995
        Title: Digital Geologic Map of the Altiplano and Cordillera Occidental, Bolivia
        Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map
        Series_Information:
          Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
          Issue_Identification: 95-0494
        Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/ofr-95-0494/
    Spatial_Domain:
      Bounding_Coordinates:
        West_Bounding_Coordinate: -69.72
        East_Bounding_Coordinate: -65.98
        North_Bounding_Coordinate: -16.34
        South_Bounding_Coordinate: -22.90
    Keywords:
      Theme:
        Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: National Geologic Map Database Catalog themes, augmented
        Theme_Keyword: 3100 - Vector
        Theme_Keyword: 3110 - ESRI
        Theme_Keyword: 3112 - export
        Theme_Keyword: 1100 - Geology
        Theme_Keyword: 1101 - General
      Theme:
        Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Categories
        Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation
      Place:
        Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Augmented FIPS 10-4 and FIPS 6-4, version 1.0
        Place_Keyword: BL = Bolivia
    Description:
      Abstract:
        The geologic map of the Altiplano/Cordillera Occidental was produced
        digitally from fifteen, 1:250,000 scale, field compilation maps.
        These paper maps were made by Servicio Geolgico de Bolivia (GEOBOL)
        geologists over the last decade.
      Purpose:
        To provide to the public a digital geologic map database of the
        Altiplano and Cordillera Occidental, Bolivia
    Time_Period_of_Content:
      Time_Period_Information:
        Single_Date/Time:
          Calendar_Date: 1995
      Currentness_Reference: publication date
    Status:
      Progress: Complete
      Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned
    Access_Constraints: None
    Use_Constraints: None
    Point_of_Contact:
      Contact_Information:
        Contact_Person_Primary:
          Contact_Person: Richter, Donald H
          Contact_Organization: USGS-GEO-WRG-MRS
        Contact_Address:
          Address_Type: mailing and physical address
          Address: 4200 University Drive
          City: Anchorage
          State_or_Province: AK
          Postal_Code: 99508
          Country: US
        Contact_Voice_Telephone: 907-786-7409
        Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: drichter@usgs.gov
    Browse_Graphic:
      Browse_Graphic_File_Name: http://geo-nsdi.er.usgs.gov/metadata/open-file/95-494/browse.png
      Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Reduced-size image of the geologic units and structural lines, 536x887 pixels, 56k bytes.
      Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PNG
  Data_Quality_Information:
    Logical_Consistency_Report:
      The geologic map of the Altiplano/Cordillera Occidental was produced
      digitally from fifteen, 1:250,000 scale, field compilation maps.
      These paper maps were made by Servicio Geolgico de Bolivia (GEOBOL)
      geologists over the last decade.
    Completeness_Report:
      The 137 geologic units on the fifteen, 1:250,000-scale geologic maps
      were simplified to 15 geologic units.  This simplification was based
      on geologic environments favorable for mineralization, on combining
      similar geologic terrain for plotting at the publication scale of
      1:500,000, and on grouping Paleozoic sedimentary units that were
      mapped mostly outside the study area.
    Lineage:
      Source_Information:
        Source_Citation:
          Citation_Information:
            Originator: Sherman P. Marsh
            Originator: Domald H. Richter
            Originator: Steve Ludington
            Originator: Eduardo Soria-Escalante
            Originator: Angel Escobar-Diaz
            Publication_Date: 1992
            Title: Geologic map of the Altiplano and Cordillera Occidental, Bolivia
            Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map
            Series_Information:
              Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin
              Issue_Identification: 1975
            Publication_Information:
              Publication_Place: Denver, CO
              Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
            Other_Citation_Details: Plate 1 is the map referred to here
            Larger_Work_Citation:
              Citation_Information:
                Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
                Originator: Servicio Geologico de Bolivia
                Publication_Date: 1992
                Title: Geology and Mineral Resources of the Altiplano and Cordillera Occidental, Bolivia
                Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map
                Series_Information:
                  Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin
                  Issue_Identification: 1975
                Publication_Information:
                  Publication_Place: Denver, CO
                  Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
        Source_Scale_Denominator: 500000
        Type_of_Source_Media: paper
        Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
          Time_Period_Information:
            Single_Date/Time:
              Calendar_Date: 1992
          Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date
        Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Bulletin 1975, plate 1
        Source_Contribution: These data were printed as plate 1 of this publication.
      Process_Step:
        Process_Description:
          The geologic map of the Altiplano/Cordillera Occidental was
          produced digitally from fifteen, 1:250,000 scale, field
          compilation maps.  These paper maps were made by Servicio
          Geolgico de Bolivia (GEOBOL) geologists over the last decade.
          After examination of the field maps it was determined that the
          best method for capturing the geologic data digitally was by means
          of an optic scanner.  Because of the condition of the maps and the
          fact that they had been hand colored the geology was transferred
          to mylar stable-base overlays at 1:250,000 scale using a fine (.35
          mm) ink pen prior to scanning.  The overlays were then scanned
          into ARC/INFO using a Tectronics 4991 digital drum scanner.  The
          15 scanned images were converted into ARC/INFO coverages and
          edited in ARCEDIT using all 137 geologic units derived from the
          original field compilation maps.  The resulting 15 digital maps at
          1:250,000 scale were plotted in color on an electrostatic plotter
          and then reviewed and edited by USGS and GEOBOL geologists using
          new geologic information from field studies conducted during the
          spring and fall of 1990.
        Process_Date: 1990 - 1995
        Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: Bulletin 1975, plate 1
      Process_Step:
        Process_Description:
          Data files opened and inspected; projection was implicit (parameters
          shown in this record were given in an aml script and appear to be
          appropriate) and unit symbol numbers were not associated with the
          map symbols or unit descriptions.  These associations were adduced
          by inspection of the printed map and the data; spatial reference
          and attribute information were added to this record.
        Process_Date: 20020426
        Process_Contact:
          Contact_Information:
            Contact_Person_Primary:
              Contact_Person: Peter N Schweitzer
              Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, ER
            Contact_Position: Geologist
            Contact_Address:
              Address_Type: mailing address
              Address:
                Mail Stop 954
                12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
              City: Reston
              State_or_Province: VA
              Postal_Code: 20192
              Country: USA
            Contact_Voice_Telephone: 703-648-6533
            Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 703-648-6252
            Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pschweitzer@usgs.gov
  Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
    Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: vector
    Point_and_Vector_Object_Information:
      SDTS_Terms_Description:
        SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: GT-Polygon composed of chains
        Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 2000
  Spatial_Reference_Information:
    Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
      Planar:
        Map_Projection:
          Map_Projection_Name: Lambert Conformal Conic
          Lambert_Conformal_Conic:
            Standard_Parallel: -17.333333
            Standard_Parallel: -22.666667
            Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -67.5
            Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: -24
            False_Easting: 0
            False_Northing: 0
      Geodetic_Model:
        Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_International_1924
        Ellipsoid_Name: International_1924
        Semi-major_Axis: 6378388.0
        Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 297.0
  Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
    Detailed_Description:
      Entity_Type:
        Entity_Type_Label: ALTIDIS.PAT
        Entity_Type_Definition: Geologic map unit
      Attribute:
        Attribute_Label: GEO1
        Attribute_Definition: Numerical value corresponding to geologic map units
        Attribute_Domain_Values:
          Enumerated_Domain:
            Enumerated_Domain_Value: 10
            Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
              Qsu: Surficial deposits, undifferentiated (Holocene and Pleistocene)

              Includes unconsolidated alluvial, eolian, colluvial, and glacial deposits.  Locally may include lacustrine and salt deposits that are not shown separately.
        Attribute_Domain_Values:
          Enumerated_Domain:
            Enumerated_Domain_Value: 20
            Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
              QTev: Stratovolcano deposits (Holocene to Miocene)

              Lava flows, flow breccias, lahars, and minor pyroclastic deposits chiefly of andesitic to dacitic composition.  May include domes and shallow intrusive bodies mostly in vent complexes.  Includes deposits mapped as Cerkhe Formation, Estratovolcano Formation, and Huaricunca Formation.
        Attribute_Domain_Values:
          Enumerated_Domain:
            Enumerated_Domain_Value: 30
            Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
              Ql: Lacustrine deposits (Holocene and Pleistocene)

              Chiefly calcareous tufa in ancient lake shorelines and lacustrine mud and silt deposits.  Includes deposits mapped as Minchin Limestone.
        Attribute_Domain_Values:
          Enumerated_Domain:
            Enumerated_Domain_Value: 50
            Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
              Qs: Salt deposits (Holocene and Pleistocene)

              Playa-lake evaporites.  May include interbedded fine-grained lacustrine deposits.  Locally may be seasonally covered with water.
        Attribute_Domain_Values:
          Enumerated_Domain:
            Enumerated_Domain_Value: 60
            Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
              QTig: Ignimbrite (Pleistocene to Miocene)

              Welded and nonwelded ash-flow tuffs, chiefly in extensive outflow sheets.  Mostly of dacitic composition.  Sources probably large caldera complexes, only a few of which are identified.  Locally, may include basinal lacustrine sediments.  Includes deposits mapped as Ignimbrite Formation and Perez Tuff.
        Attribute_Domain_Values:
          Enumerated_Domain:
            Enumerated_Domain_Value: 70
            Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
              QTs: Sedimentary rocks (Pleistocene and Pliocene)

              Nonmarine sandstone, conglomerate, and shale.  May include minor interlayered volcanic rocks.  Includes deposits mapped as Aroma Formation, Charaa Formation, La Paz Formation, Pomata Formation, Remedios Formation, Topohoco Formation, Taracollo Formation, Ulloma Formation, and Umala Formation.
        Attribute_Domain_Values:
          Enumerated_Domain:
            Enumerated_Domain_Value: 100
            Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
              Ti: Intrusive rocks (Pliocene to Oligocene)

              Chiefly subvolcanic stocks, plugs, and dikes of dacitic composition in vent complex of eroded volcanic eruptive centers.  Not all intrusive rocks mapped; many are included in unit of undifferentiated volcanic rocks (Tvnd).  Important host rock for Bolivian polymetallic vein deposits.
        Attribute_Domain_Values:
          Enumerated_Domain:
            Enumerated_Domain_Value: 110
            Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
              Tvnd: Volcanic rocks, undifferentiated (Miocene and Oligocene)

              Chiefly lava flows, but includes extensive pyroclastic deposits and intrusive rocks in some areas where not mapped separately as units Tig and Ti, and locally may include interbedded nonmarine sedimenatry rocks.  Mostly of andesitic and dacitic composition; sources are poorly defined volcanic eruptive centers, now deeply eroded.  Includes deposits mapped as Abaroa Formation, Bonete lavas, Camargo volcanic rocks, Carangas volcanic rocks, Cuzco volcanic rocks, Julaca lavas, Mauri Formation, Murmuntani Formation, Negrillos volcanic rocks, Pulacayo volcanic rocks, Rondal lavas, Tagua Formation, and Ubina volcanic rocks.
        Attribute_Domain_Values:
          Enumerated_Domain:
            Enumerated_Domain_Value: 120
            Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
              Tig: Pyroclastic rocks (Miocene and Oligocene)

              Chiefly welded to nonwelded ash-flow tuffs, but includes air-fall tuffs and thin, volcaniclastic beds.  Mostly dacitic in composition.  Source same as undifferentiated volcanic rocks (Tvnd) but generally occur more distant from eruptive center.  Includes deposits mapped as Upper Quehua Formation.
        Attribute_Domain_Values:
          Enumerated_Domain:
            Enumerated_Domain_Value: 130
            Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
              Ts2: Sedimentary rocks (Pliocene to Oligocene)

              Nonmarine sandstone, conglomerate, shale, marl, and evaporites.  Includes deposits mapped as Azurita Formation, Ballivian Formation, Coniri Formation, Cosuo Formation, Crucero Formation, Huayllamarca Formation, Huayllapucara Formation, Kasira Formation, Lower Quehua Formation, Mondragon Formation, Pizaqueri Formation, San Vicente Formation, Tambillo Formation, Totora Formation, and Turco Formation.
        Attribute_Domain_Values:
          Enumerated_Domain:
            Enumerated_Domain_Value: 140
            Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
              Ts1: Sedimentary rocks (Oligocene to Paleocene)

              Nonmarine, mostly reddish colored conglomerate, sandstone, shale, and mudstone.  Primary host for sedimentary-hosted copper deposits.  Includes deposits mapped as Berenguela Formation, Nazareno Formation, Potoco Formation, Santa Lucia Formation, San Andres Formation, and Tihuanacu Formation.
        Attribute_Domain_Values:
          Enumerated_Domain:
            Enumerated_Domain_Value: 150
            Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
              Tmf: Los Frailes and Morococala Ignimbrites (Miocene)

              Ash-flow tuffs of dacitic composition in extensive ignimbrite field exposed primarily east of map area.
        Attribute_Domain_Values:
          Enumerated_Domain:
            Enumerated_Domain_Value: 160
            Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Ks?  Three polygons with this attribute value occur in the data.  One is a sliver polygon, and the other two are symbolized as Ks on the printed map.
        Attribute_Domain_Values:
          Enumerated_Domain:
            Enumerated_Domain_Value: 200
            Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
              Ks: Sedimentary rocks (Cretaceous)

              Marine and nonmarine sandstone, shale, marl, and limestone.  Includes deposits mapped as Aroifilla Formation, El Molino Formation, La Puerta Formation, Miraflores Formation, and Tarapaya Formation.
        Attribute_Domain_Values:
          Enumerated_Domain:
            Enumerated_Domain_Value: 300
            Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
              Pzs: Sedimentary rocks (Paleozoic)

              Chiefly marine sandstone and shale of Devonian to Ordovician age.  Rocks are generally highly folded and locally penetratively deformed.  Includes deposits mapped as Amatura Formation, Cancairi Formation, Catavi Formation, Colpachuco Formation, Copacabana Formation, Cumana Formation, Huanuni Formation, Khasa Formation, Llallagua Formation, Sica Sica Formation, Uncia Formation, and Vila Vila Formation.
        Attribute_Domain_Values:
          Enumerated_Domain:
            Enumerated_Domain_Value: 400
            Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
              Tdp: Gypsum diapirs (Miocene to Eocene?)

              May include halite and other evaporite minerals.  Includes deposits mapped as Chuquichambi Formation and Jalluma Formation.
        Attribute_Domain_Values:
          Enumerated_Domain:
            Enumerated_Domain_Value: 1001
            Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Bodies of water
  Distribution_Information:
    Distributor:
      Contact_Information:
        Contact_Organization_Primary:
          Contact_Organization: USGS Information Services
        Contact_Address:
          Address_Type: mailing
          Address: Box 25286, Denver Federal Center
          City: Denver
          State_or_Province: Colorado
          Postal_Code: 80255-0046
          Country: USA
        Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS
        Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 1-303-202-4695
        Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: infoservices@usgs.gov
    Resource_Description: US Geological Survey Open File Report 95-0494
    Distribution_Liability:
      The database has been approved for release and publication by the
      Director of the USGS.  Although this database has been subjected to
      rigorous review and is substantially complete, the USGS reserves the
      right to revise the data pursuant to further analysis and review.
      Furthermore, it is released on condition that neither the USGS nor the
      United States Government may be held liable for any damages resulting
      from its authorized or unauthorized use.
    Standard_Order_Process:
      Digital_Form:
        Digital_Transfer_Information:
          Format_Name: ARC/INFO export format
          Format_Information_Content:
            >ARC/INFO export format  Description of coverage
            >
            >altidis.new.e00         ARC/INFO export file of the geologic map
            >labels.e00              ARC/INFO export file of labels for geologic map
            >struct.all.e00          ARC/INFO export file of the structural geology map
            >volmajor.e00            ARC/INFO export file of major volcanoes
            >volminor.e00            ARC/INFO export file of minor volcanoes
          File_Decompression_Technique: No compression applied
        Digital_Transfer_Option:
          Online_Option:
            Computer_Contact_Information:
              Network_Address:
                Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/ofr-95-0494/altidis.new.e00
      Fees: none
  Metadata_Reference_Information:
    Metadata_Date: 20070803
    Metadata_Contact:
      Contact_Information:
        Contact_Person_Primary:
          Contact_Person: Peter N Schweitzer
          Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, ER
        Contact_Position: Geologist
        Contact_Address:
          Address_Type: mailing address
          Address:
            Mail Stop 954
            12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
          City: Reston
          State_or_Province: VA
          Postal_Code: 20192
          Country: USA
        Contact_Voice_Telephone: 703-648-6533
        Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 703-648-6252
        Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pschweitzer@usgs.gov
    Metadata_Standard_Name: Content for Digital Geospatial Metadata
    Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998