Identification_Information: 
  Citation: 
    Citation_Information: 
      Originator: NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Coral Reef Ecosystem Division, Pacific Island Benthic
        Habitat Mapping Center
      Publication_Date: 2008
      Title: CRED Optical Validation Data at Brooks Banks, 2008 to Support Benthic Habitat Mapping
      Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Video imagery, track line navigation files, and log sheets
      Online_Linkage: http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/
  Description: 
    Abstract: Optical validation data were collected using a Tethered Optical Assessment Device (TOAD), an underwater sled
      equipped with an underwater digital video camera and lights.  Data were collected at the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands,
      Brooks Banks to support Benthic Habitat Mapping efforts during NOAA Ship Hi'ialakai cruise HI0804.
    Purpose: These data provide optical observations that will be correlated with bathymetry and acoustic backscatter imagery
      to develop a benthic habitat map of Brooks Banks. Refer to supplemental information for description of instrument and
      survey.
    Supplemental_Information: Brooks Banks, located at 24.1N, 166.8W, are four neighboring flat-topped banks located northwest
      of French Frigate Shoals. The four banks, from southeast to northwest, include Baby Brooks, East Brooks, Middle Brooks,
      and West Brooks and are estimated to be 13.6 million years old. The banks contain a total of 320 sq. km of reef habitat
      with depths less than 100 m.
      
      Optical validation data were collected using the Tethered Optical Assessment Device (TOAD), a sled equipped with underwater
      video cameras and lights. These data are used to provide ground-truth validation for benthic habitat maps
      based on multibeam echosounder surveys and to gather additional information regarding benthic communities. Camera sled
      deployments were conducted at night and during the day.  The camera sled was deployed off the starboard J-frame on NOAA
      ship Hi'ialakai. The TOAD was lowered slowly to the bottom by a winch holding 360 m of cable and operated from a control
      station in the dry lab of the ship. The TOAD operator monitored a live video feed from the camera and record data on a
      video tape recorder.  
           
      Equipment Description: The TOAD sled body used for the data collection is constructed from a shortened Phantom ROV body
      with a tail piece added for stability. The frame has been extensively modified from its original configuration and was
      equipped with two Deep Sea Power and Light Multi SeaCam 2060 color video cameras. One camera is mounted to point at
      approximately a 45 degree angle toward the seafloor and is the primary data collection instrument. The second camera is
      aimed straight ahead and the signal from this camera is fed to a second video monitor to provide warning of underwater
      obstructions. The video signals from the sled are sent via coaxial conductors within a 360 m long and 19 mm diameter
      umbilical cable to a topside control unit. The cable between the sled and the surface includes an internal strength
      member to support the sled frame.  The cable is paid out and recovered using a dedicated custom-built winch equipped
      with slip rings and powered by a 5 hp electric motor. The winch is controlled at the winch itself for sled deployments
      and recoveries. The rest of the time a remote controller located in the dry lab is used to enable the operator at the
      video console to adjust the sleds altitude. All TOAD surface components are located in the Dry Lab in an equipment rack
      on the after bulkhead. Illumination is provided by two 250 W DeepSea Power & Light Multi-SeaLite model 1050 underwater
      lights mounted on the sled frame. The lights are located on each side of the sled to provide the maximum possible
      horizontal distance from the camera. An ORE Offshore model 4330B Multibeacon is attached to the sled to provide a
      response to acoustic interrogations sent by the Hi'ialakai's Model 4410D-01 Trackpoint II Plus Ultrashort Baseline
      acoustic tracking system. The sled is also equipped with a sonar altimeter to detect the height of the camera above
      the seafloor, a pair of parallel lasers to determine the size/scale of viewed objects, a compass to determine the
      sled heading and orientation, and a depth (pressure) sensor. Neither the altimeter nor the pressure transducer
      functioned reliably during this cruise.
      
      Name & address of person collecting data:
            John Rooney
            NOAA PIFSC
            1125B Ala Moana Blvd
            Honolulu, HI 98614
      
      Data Files: Video data are recorded on a mini DV video tape recorder.  The position of the camera sled is recorded
      using Hypack Max version 6.2b survey software.
      
      File naming convention: Each tow is given a name consisting of a 3-letter
      designator for the island area followed by two-digit year and three-digit tow number.  For example, during HI0804
      (NOAA Ship Hi'ialakai's 4th cruise in calendar year 2008) the first tow was called FFS08001.  Video tape labels and
      paper log forms are annotated with the tow name.  Data files recorded in Hypack software followed their CHS filename
      format consisting of the year, the first two letters of the platform name, the Julian date, and the hour and minute
      in which the file was started. For example, a file collected on July 18, 2005 (Julian date 199) aboard the Hi'ialakai
      starting at time 1935 would be 2005HI1991935.
      
      Time Correlation: All times are based on UTC.  Four clocks were manually synchronized prior to starting data collection;
      the clock in the on screen display that was used to annotate the video tape, in one of the video cassette recorders,
      in the Trackpoint II system, and in the computer running the Hypack Max software. These clocks are set to UTC at the
      beginning of each operation.
  Time_Period_of_Content: 
    Time_Period_Information: 
      Range_of_Dates/Times: 
        Beginning_Date: 20080521
        Ending_Date: 20080526
    Currentness_Reference: ground condition
  Status: 
    Progress: Complete
    Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned
  Spatial_Domain: 
    Bounding_Coordinates: 
      West_Bounding_Coordinate: -166.381000
      East_Bounding_Coordinate: -166.0507162
      North_Bounding_Coordinate: 23.88446685
      South_Bounding_Coordinate: 23.63083857
  Keywords: 
    Theme: 
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
      Theme_Keyword: Benthic habitat
      Theme_Keyword: Underwater video
    Theme: 
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
      Theme_Keyword: biota
      Theme_Keyword: 002
      Theme_Keyword: environment
      Theme_Keyword: 007
      Theme_Keyword: imageryBaseMapsEarthCover
      Theme_Keyword: 010
    Theme: 
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus
      Theme_Keyword: Visual Images > Habitats
    Theme: 
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Theme Thesaurus
      Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Benthic Habitat
      Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Mapping
      Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Photographic Analysis > Videography
    Place: 
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
      Place_Keyword: Brooks Banks
      Place_Keyword: Hawaiian Islands
      Place_Keyword: Hawaii
    Place: 
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Place Thesaurus
      Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (28N178W0000)
      Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Brooks Banks (24N166W0002)
      Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Brooks Banks (24N166W0002)
  Access_Constraints: None
  Use_Constraints: Please acknowledge the NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Division, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center as the source of this information.
  Point_of_Contact: 
    Contact_Information: 
      Contact_Organization_Primary: 
        Contact_Organization: Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center, Coral Reef Ecosystem Division, PIFSC, NOAA
        Contact_Person: John Rooney
      Contact_Address: 
        Address_Type: mailing and physical address
        Address: 1125B Ala Moana Blvd
        City: Honolulu
        State_or_Province: HI
        Postal_Code: 96814
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808-956-9729
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: john.rooney@noaa.gov
  Data_Set_Credit: Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center, Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands
    Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), NOAA
Data_Quality_Information: 
  Logical_Consistency_Report: Unspecified
  Completeness_Report: Complete
  Positional_Accuracy: 
    Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: 
      Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The horizontal position accuracy for the camera sled position is estimated at ±20 meters.  There are two primary sources of this error.  The ship's positioning is based on GPS SPS, often called standalone or non-differential GPS positioning.  SPS has a measured accuracy of under 5 meters.  The position of the GPS antenna is referenced to the ship's granite block. The second and larger primary source of error is uncertainty associated with the sled's position as reported by the Trackpoint II acoustic tracking system, which is also referenced to the granite block.
  Lineage: 
    Process_Step: 
      Process_Description: After a tow is completed the video tape data is reviewed by spot-checking the master and backup
        tape to verify that data were recorded. Raw data files recorded using Hypack Max software include time, horizontal
        position, and ship's heading information are copied from the acquisition computer to the data archive.  Tow-specific
        metadata are recorded in the data archive in the same location as the raw data, in a spreadsheet that was then referred
        to in creating metadata records of each island where data were collected during the cruise. Raw data files are exported
        as comma-delimited text files which were then imported into ArcGIS v9.2 and saved as shapefiles.
      Process_Date: 20080716    
Distribution_Information: 
  Distributor: 
    Contact_Information: 
      Contact_Organization_Primary: 
        Contact_Organization: Pacific Island Benthic Habitat Mapping Center, CRED, PIFSC, NOAA
        Contact_Person: John Rooney
      Contact_Position: Coastal Geomorphologist
      Contact_Address: 
        Address_Type: mailing and physical address
        Address: 1125 'B' Ala Moana Blvd
        City: Honolulu
        State_or_Province: Hawaii
        Postal_Code: 96814
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808-956-9729
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: john.rooney@noaa.gov
  Resource_Description: Digital video imagery that is geo-referenced to navigation files.
  Distribution_Liability: These data are not to be used for navigational purposes. NOAA makes no warranty regarding these data, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data, nor as a result of the failure of these data to function on a particular system.
  Standard_Order_Process: 
    Digital_Form: 
      Digital_Transfer_Information: 
        Format_Name: ASCII
        Format_Information_Content: Each comma-delimited record contains information on the UTC date and time, horizontal position of the sled, and heading of the ship over the period of time that the camera sled is in the water.
          
          List of navigation files:
          2008HI1421148
          2008HI1421317
          2008HI1470625
          2008HI1471008
      Digital_Transfer_Option: 
        Offline_Option: 
          Offline_Media: CD-ROM
          Recording_Format: ISO 9660
    Fees: None
  Standard_Order_Process: 
    Digital_Form: 
      Digital_Transfer_Information: 
        Format_Name: mini digital video and DVD
        Format_Information_Content: 4h 30min of video data are available covering 6.5 km of seabed.
          These data were recorded on 6 video tapes
          List of video tapes:
          Baby Brooks Bank: BBB08001, Mini DV, (Master) and DVD, (Backup)
          Middle Brooks Bank: BBM08001a, Mini DV, (Master) and DVD, (Backup)
          Middle Brooks Bank: BBM08001b, Mini DV, (Master) and DVD, (Backup)
          Middle Brooks Bank: BBM08002, Mini DV, (Master) and DVD, (Backup)
          West Brooks Bank: BBW08001a, Mini DV, (Master) and DVD, (Backup)
          West Brooks Bank: BBW08001b, Mini DV, (Master) and DVD, (Backup)
      Digital_Transfer_Option: 
        Offline_Option: 
          Offline_Media:  Video cassette tape
          Recording_Format: Mini DV       
    Fees: None
Metadata_Reference_Information: 
  Metadata_Date: 20080718
  Metadata_Review_Date: 20081205
  Metadata_Contact: 
    Contact_Information: 
      Contact_Organization_Primary: 
        Contact_Organization: Pacific Island Benthic Habitat Mapping Center, CRED, PIFSC, NOAA
        Contact_Person: Dr. Michael Parke
      Contact_Position: Research Biologist
      Contact_Address: 
        Address_Type: mailing and physical address
        Address: 1125 'B' Ala Moana Blvd
        City: Honolulu
        State_or_Province: Hawaii
        Postal_Code: 96814
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808-938-3725
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: michael.parke@noaa.gov
  Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
  Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
  Metadata_Time_Convention: Local Time
  Metadata_Access_Constraints: None
  Metadata_Use_Constraints: None
CoRIS: 
  CoRIS_ID: 20081205014229
  CoRIS_Children: None
  CoRIS_Beginning_Date: 20080521
  CoRIS_Ending_Date: 20080526
  CoRIS_Metadata_Link: http://www.coris.noaa.gov/metadata/records/txt/cred_toad_brooks_banks_hi0804_2008.txt
  CoRIS_Tracking_ID: 2449