Taxonomic Workbench (TWB)

         Version  4.0.6
 	     This version includes the two new kingdoms of Chromista and 
	     Protozoa, in lieu of the previous kingdom of Protista. The
	     Chromista kingdom follows the same hierarchy and rules as the 
	     Plantae kingdom and the Protozoa kingdom follows the same hierarchy
	     and rules as the Animalia kingdom.
          
          June 21, 2005
         
          
          1. Introduction
          
          2. Overview
          
          3. Installation
          
               3.1 Installation from the ITIS web pages
                    3.1.1 Download the self-extracting zip file from 
                          the ITIS web pages
                    3.1.2 Extract the TWB setup application and the 
                          install files
                    3.1.3 Run the TWB setup application to install the TWB
               3.2 Installation from the Taxonomic Workbench CD
                              
          4. For the First Time User
               4.1 General
               4.2 Getting Around in the TWB Application
               4.3 HELP
               4.4 Preferences
               4.5 Default File Names of Reports

          5. Notes about Version 4.0 of the Taxonomic Workbench 
          
          6. Author Edit Tool

          7. Hot Key Combinations

          8. Submitting and Tracking Problems and Suggestions

          9. Information About Versions of the TWB
               9.1 New Functionality of the TWB
               9.2 Enhancements to Existing Functionality of the TWB
               9.3 Bug Fixes
                             
          **************************************************
          
          1.	Introduction
          
               This document is intended to provide a quick 
               reference on how to install the TWB software, brief instructions 
               for the first time TWB user and other software issues. Primary 
               help on the operation of the TWB may be obtained from the TWB 
               online HELP facility (see Section 4.3 below). The complete 
               User's Guide may be found on the ITIS Web site at 
               http://www.itis.gov/pdf/twb_ug.pdf. Click on the 
               Taxonomic Workbench User's Guide link. The document is in Adobe 
               Reader .PDF format. 
          
               The TWB was developed to enable Taxonomists and other data contributors 
               to enter and edit taxonomic data in preparation for entering into 
               the online Integrated Taxonomy Information System (ITIS). After 
               installation, if you read no other part of this document, 
               please read Section 4, "For the First Time User."
          
          2.	Overview
          
               The Workbench is a Microsoft Windows program and must be run  
               under Windows 95/98, NT, XP, or Vista. The TWB is a Visual  
               Basic interface to an Access Database Management System (DBMS).  
               The Visual Basic application provides an interface for the user  
               to enter, view, modify, and delete taxonomic data. The Access  
               DBMS manages the storage of the actual data and most of the 
               queries or instructions on how to handle that data. The file 
               that actually contains the data and some other Access related 
               information is referred to as a dataset. 
          
          
          3. Installation

               The Taxonomic Workbench software may be installed from a
               version downloaded from the ITIS web pages or from a CD.
               The description in 3.1 below describes how to download
               the files from the ITIS web pages and then how to install
               the Taxonomic Workbench software. Installing from the CD
               is similar except the installation is done from files on
               the CD.
          
          3.1 Installation from the ITIS web pages

               To install the TWB from the ITIS web pages you will:
               1.	Download the self-extracting zip file from the ITIS web pages.
               2.	Extract the TWB setup application and the install files.
               3.	Run the TWB setup application to install the TWB.
               4.	Start the TWB application and set it up for use.
          
          3.1.1	Download the self-extracting zip file from the ITIS web pages.
          
               The TWB is distributed as a download from the ITIS 
               web pages.You may download the application from the URL:
          
               http://www.itis.gov/twb.html

               The self-extracting zip file is named itis.EXE. It is 
               about 6MB. After execution, another 6MB of files are created.
          
               Detailed installation instructions follow.
          
          3.1.2	Extract the TWB setup application and the install files.
          
 
               After downloading itis.exe, either double click the itis.exe file, or
               select Run from the Windows Program Manager screen. If you select Run, then
               enter c:\temp\itis.exe or use the browse function to select itis.exe. Select OK.
           
               A window is displayed which indicates that the TWB install setup
               files from the self-extracting zip file (itis.exe) will be
               extracted in the directory C:\ITISTWB\V40SR6. You may use this 
               default directory or choose another location at this time. 
               (These instructions assume you will use the default directory) 

               Click the "Unzip" button to continue.
          
               The system will ask if the C:\ITISTWB\V40SR6 directory may be created. 
               Click "Yes" to continue.
          
               The files are extracted into the newly created 
               directory.
          
          3.1.3	Run the TWB setup application to install the TWB.
          
               Before continuing the install process close all running applications
               on the PC.
          
               Navigate to the V40SR6 folder within the C:\ITISTWB folder. This 
               folder includes the files that will be used to install the TWB.
               Double click or Run the setup.exe file. The setup.exe 
               application will install the files in the Windows Program Files 
               directory, the Windows\System directory, and the directory where 
               the workbench is installed.
          
               The system displays a message that setup initialization files 
               will be copied to the PC.
          
               You may receive a message that the install could not continue because 
               some of your system files are out of date. 
               
               If you don't receive this message, continue with the instructions 
               in the next paragraph. The setup application needs the most 
               current versions (included in this package) to work correctly, so 
               if you get this message you must allow the setup application to 
               update these files on the PC before the TWB software can be 
               installed. Click "OK" to allow these system files to be updated. 
               The system will the ask you if you want to restart Windows. You 
               must restart Windows before installing the TWB. Click "Yes" to 
               restart windows. After the PC has restarted, double click or Run 
               setup.exe again. You will see the message about the 
               initialization files being copied to the PC again.
          
               A Taxonomic Workbench Setup welcome screen is 
               displayed. Click on the "OK" button to continue.
          
               A second Taxonomic Workbench Setup screen is 
               displayed. The TWB application will by default be installed into 
               C:\Program Files\Taxonomic Workbench\. You may change this 
               location if you wish by using the "Change Directory" button. 
               (These instructions assume you will install the TWB in the 
               default location). Click on the big button with the picture of a 
               computer on it to continue the installation process.
          
               The system checks to see if you have enough disk 
               space for the TWB. If you don't have enough disk space, the 
               system allows you to exit the setup application and your PC is 
               restored to the condition it was before you started the setup 
               application.
          
               A progress bar will be displayed as the TWB files 
               are installed.
          
               The setup application then updates the PC.
          
               A message is displayed that the Taxonomic 
               Workbench Setup was completed successfully. Click "OK" to exit 
               the setup.
          
               The installation process creates a new entry 
               "Taxonomic Workbench" under the Program Menu off the Start 
               Button. Selecting this will start the Workbench. Read section 4 
               below if you are a first time TWB user.

          3.2 Installation from the Taxonomic Workbench CD

               Version 4.0 is currently only available from the ITIS web site.

         
          4.	For the First Time User
          
               Please read this section before running the TWB the First Time!
          
          4.1	General
          
               The first time the TWB is executed, there is no dataset specified 
               in the "preferences". The TWB will detect this and ask you to either 
               select a dataset to open or create a new one. Since there are no 
               existing datasets, press the "New" button. You will be asked to 
               choose a name for this dataset. Any legal Windows name is acceptable. 
               If no extension is specified, the TWB will add ".mdb" to the filename.
               This is the default for Access files and is used for Access files created 
               by the TWB.
          
               The first time the Workbench is executed, a kingdom will be requested.
               This normally is read from the initialization file (twb.ini in the 
               Windows directory). The initialization file contains the 'Preferences' 
               that can be selected from the 'File'  menu. The default initialization file 
               shipped with the application has no default kingdom. The default 
               'Rank' is 'Species'. To change the 'Kingdom' or 'Rank' and set 
               up additional defaults, see Section 4.4, Preferences, below.
          
               After creation of an empty dataset and initialization of the TWB windows, 
               the user is presented with the "Taxon" window and is in "input" mode.
          
          
          4.2	Getting Around in the TWB Application
          
               The TWB is designed to be used with a mouse and 
               the interface is similar to other Windows applications. However, 
               it is possible to use the keyboard to move around the various 
               windows and perform most of the functions. Use the mouse and 
               left button to pull down menus, select items from the menu at the 
               top of your screen and move the input cursor.
          
               Position the mouse arrow over one of the "tabs" at 
               the top of the active window and press the left mouse button to 
               display the selected window and the options contained therein. 
               To enter a field, position the mouse arrow over an edit field 
               (i.e., "Rank" on the Taxon window) and click the left mouse 
               button. This  will move control to that field and the user may 
               type into that field using the keyboard. 
          
               Press the "Alt" key to use the keyboard to access 
               the menu at the top of the window. The "File" choice of the menu 
               should be highlighted. Use the left and right "arrow" keys to 
               select the menu choice. Use the up and down "arrow" keys to move 
               between choices within a menu. For example, if the "File" menu 
               is highlighted and the down arrow is pressed, the "File" choices 
               will appear and "New DataSet" will be highlighted. For a 
               selection with additional choices, such as "Export" on the "File" 
               menu, press the right arrow key when "Export" is highlighted. 
               When the desired choice is highlighted, press "Enter" and the 
               function will be activated.
          
               The "Tab" key, both forward and backward, can be 
               used to move between the edit fields and the buttons. On an edit 
               field with a "pick list" (they have a small button with a down 
               arrow on their right side), use the up and down arrows to move 
               through the list. For a button, press "Enter" when the desired 
               button is highlighted and its function will be activated. When 
               the current window's "tab" is highlighted, use the left, right, 
               up, and down arrows to move between the "tabbed" windows.
          
               The only known instance where the keyboard cannot 
               be used is on "checkboxes". These are the small, one character 
               size, boxes such as to the left of the first line of the 
               Scientific Name. While tabbing, the highlighting does not 
               display on these controls and no key seems to change it from 
               unchecked to checked. This appears to be a characteristic of 
               Visual Basic.
          
          
          4.3	HELP
          
               Hypertext HELP is available on the TWB. It is 
               designed to be the "Manual" for the TWB.
          
               Press the F1 key from anywhere in the TWB to 
               activate HELP. If the cursor is positioned on a window with a 
               "tab" at the top, the HELP information will pertain to that 
               window in general. If the cursor is a field that is on a window 
               with a "tab", then the HELP will pertain to that field. The HELP 
               button on the toolbar (small button toward the upper right-hand 
               corner with a "?" ) will always give HELP for the window in 
               general.
          
               Windows without a "tab" at the top, such as 
               "Preferences" and "Listview", will only have context HELP 
               available through the F1 key. This will give HELP that describes 
               the entire window.
          
               The HELP browser is available from all windows. 
               To access the browser, select "Help" from the menu at the top of 
               the window. The first choice is "Contents". Selecting this menu 
               choice gives general information about using HELP, and using the 
               TWB  and its menus. The second choice is "Search for Help On..". 
               Selecting this menu choice brings up a list of keywords and 
               keyphrases. Select a keyword, press "Show Topics". Select a 
               topic and press "Go To". HELP on that topic will be displayed. 
               Typing in the edit box directly above the keyword list will 
               position the list based on what is typed. For example, typing 
               "so" in the edit box will position the list so that "Source Type" 
               is the first keyphrase in the list. If a set of characters is 
               typed that do not match the beginning of a keyword,  the first 
               keyword that is alphabetically before what was typed is displayed 
               at the top of the list. For example, typing "sm" results in 
               "Scientific Name" being at the top of the list.
          
          
          4.4	Preferences
          
               The first task a new user should perform is to set 
               their "Preferences". This is accomplished by "clicking" on 
               the "File" menu item and then on "Preferences". This causes a  
               new window to appear with several lists of items from which to 
               select. These selections will be valid every time the TWB is 
               executed until a "Preference" is changed. The following are 
               descriptions of the "Preferences" items:
          
               Default Kingdom
               Select the Kingdom in which you will be working by 
               pressing one of the option buttons. The TWB assumes you will 
               only work in one Kingdom with respect to a specific data set. 
               The default setting is Animal.
          
               Start-Up DataSet
               If you want the TWB to open to a specific data set 
               each time, you may want to enter the full path filename of that 
               data set. Press the Change button to select or change the data 
               set to which the TWB will open. This will take you to the Select 
               Default DataSet dialog box.
          
               File Name
               Select or type the name of the file you want to 
               open with the TWB. This box lists files with the filename 
               extension selected in the List Files of Type box. To see a list 
               of files with an extension not listed in the List Files of Type 
               box, type an asterisk (*), a period, and the extension (1-3 
               characters), and press Enter.
          
               List Files of Type
               Select the type of file you want to see in the 
               File Name list.

          4.5	Default File Names of Reports

               When a report is run, a file is automatically created and will
               remain on the user's machine. These files are:
                    Taxon List: taxlist.txt
                    Hierarchy: hierlist.txt
                    Record: record.txt
                    Worksheet: wksheet.txt

               These files are overwritten each time a report is run. They
               never removed by the Workbench application. Because the files
               are overwritten, users are encouraged to do a Save As... if
               they wish to save a report. If a user forgets to save a
               report by a new name, the last report will be available
               by the appropriate name above.

          5.     Notes about Version 4.0 of the Taxonomic Workbench
               
               Currently, the TaxMatch screens are limited to displaying a 
               little more than 4000 records. More records will cause the 
               workbench to crash.

               
               When changing the location of an item in the alphabetical
               or hierarchical view of the database, the Undo is meant to 
               apply to the last drop of a name only. Other editing changes
               cannot be undone.

               There may be cases where the form is not repainted correctly.
               Minimizing and then maximizing again will result in the
               screen being displayed correctly.

               There are some idiosyncrasies with the way the nested
               alphabetical hierarchy operates:
                    - If the user collapses nodes, the currently selected
                      name may not be visually highlighted.
                    - When expanding or collapsing nodes, the display
                      automatically adjusts the display. This happens as the
                      mouse button is clicked, not as the mouse button is
                      released, so names may be inadvertently selected when the
                      mouse button is released.

                There is currently no way to create links to multiple valid
                names visually. You must go to the synonym screen and do
                this manually.

                The edit commands on the edit menu apply to the current selected
                name. They do not apply to any text that may be selected. To
                edit selected text, right click on the appropriate text field
                and select from the menu that appears.

                The Copy Name function duplicates the selected name as a new
                name.

                The Cut Name function selects the name to be moved elsewhere
                via the Paste Name

                The Paste Name function causes the name selected via the 
                Cut Name function to be moved under the currently selected
                name.

                The Undo Name function causes the last paste operation to be 
                undone.
          
          6.	Author Edit Tool
          
               The Author Edit Tool was a new addition to the 
               workbench as of Version 1.3. The tool allows the user to work 
               with all the authors in the taxonomic_authors_lookup table. A 
               list of all the authors in the workbench file is displayed, from 
               which the user can select one or more names to modify or merge 
               into one authority. Names such as Le Conte, Leconte and LeConte 
               can all be selected and corrected to Le Conte. When the user 
               selects an author the name is placed in a combo box below the 
               list of authors, and all the names in the workbench file that use 
               that name are listed in the box below. The user can then select 
               one of the names (like Le Conte) or type in a new one (perhaps Le 
               Conte, 1827). After clicking on the Fix button all the author 
               names selected will be modified to the spelling provided by the 
               user. The scientific names that were associated with the authors 
               selected will now all use the same name. This is an effective 
               way to clean up any misspellings in the authors.

          7.     Hot Key Combinations

               The following key combinations perform common functions:

                  Keys           Action
                  ctl-S          Save the Record
                  ctl-U          Go to Parent
                  ctl-F          Go to First Name
                  ctl-L          Go to Last Name
                  ctl-P          Go to Previous Name
                  ctl-N          Go to Next Name
                  ctl-A          Add a New Name

                  ctl-R          Reports Menu
                  ctl-Z          Undo 
                  ctl-X          Cut
                  ctl-C          Copy
                  ctl-V          Paste
                  Del            Delete

          
          8.	Submitting and Tracking Problems and Suggestions
          
               If you find a problem in the TWB, please send an email
               describing the problem to:
               itiswebmaster@itis.gov. 
          
          
          9.	Information about Versions of the TWB
          
               The following sections outline by version new 
               functionality of the TWB, enhancements that were made to the 
               existing functionality of the TWB and bug fixes. Numbers which 
               appear in parentheses refer to items that resulted from entries 
               in the ITIS Task Log, an internal quality control tracking
               system.
          
          
          9.1	New Functionality of the TWB
 
               Version 4.0SR6 is a service release to 
               version 4.0 and has no new functionality.

               Version 4.0SR5 is a service release to 
               version 4.0 and has no new functionality.

               Version 4.0SR4 is a service release to 
               version 4.0 and has no new functionality.

               Version 4.0SR3 is a service release to 
               version 4.0 and has no new functionality.

               Version 4.0SR2 is a service release to 
               version 4.0 and has no new functionality.
 
               Version 4.0SR1 is a service release to 
               version 4.0 and has no new functionality.

	       version 4.0

		    This version includes the two new kingdoms of Chromista and 
		    Protozoa, in lieu of the previous kingdom of Protista. The
		    Chromista kingdom follows the same hierarchy and rules as the 
		    Plantae kingdom and the Protozoa kingdom follows the same hierarchy
		    and rules as the Animalia kingdom.

               Version 3.6SR6 is a service release to 
               version 3.6 and has no new functionality.

               Version 3.6SR5 is a service release to 
               version 3.6 and has no new functionality.
 
               Version 3.6SR4 is a service release to 
               version 3.6 and has no new functionality.

               Version 3.6SR3 is a service release to 
               version 3.6 and has no new functionality.

	       version 3.6SR2

		    This version added a wb_vern_ref_links table and implemented
		    it's use within the workbench. This allows references to the
		    vernacular records. 
	
		    The vernaculars screen now has 'Add', 'Modify', 'Delete' and
		    'clear' buttons which allows multiple vernacular_names based on
		    different languages.

		    Implemented a pull-down list for the default rank on the 
		    Preferences screen. (D. Nicholson 10/20/03 email)

		    Disabled the Distribution screen which contains geographical and 
		    jurisdictional data when the user is modifying a record with a 
		    rank above the species level. (D. Nicolson 1/8/04 email)

		    The Monera kingdom (rankings and validation) has been changed to be 
	 	    treated like Animalia rather than Plants. This now matches the Online 
		    system.
		
		    
	       version 3.6SR1

		    This version remaps old unacceptability reasons from the
	            wb_taxonomic_units table to new unacceptability reasons
		    for all kingdoms. (D. Nicolson email 4/28/03)  For animalia
		    data, if the unacceptability reason is "incertae sedis" and 
		    the usage is valid, the unacceptability reason is cleared and 
		    the uncertain_parent_indicator is set to 'Yes'. Otherwise, 
		    if the usage is invalid, an error is printed during validation.
                    For plantae/fungi data, the old unacceptability reasons of
		    illegitimate, invalid, and nomen invalidum are logged during
		    validation and suggestions are made for remapping. 	

               version 3.6
                    
                    For records downloaded from the production database, the
                    TSN is assigned and a warning message is displayed if a 
                    deletion is attempted. (interimchanges_req.doc)

                    The new unacceptability reasons, by kingdom, can be applied.
                    (interimchanges_req.doc)

                    The uncertain parent indicator (incerta sedis) has been
                    implemented. The user can indicate that the parent identified
                    is uncertain. This is only reflected on the Taxon window 
                    currently. (interimchanges_req.doc)

   

               Version 3.5SR10 is a service release to 
               version 3.5 and has no new functionality.

               Version 3.5SR9 is a service release to 
               version 3.5 and has no new functionality.

               Version 3.5SR8 is a service release to 
               version 3.5 and has no new functionality.

               Version 3.5SR7 is a service release to 
               version 3.5 and has no new functionality.

               Version 3.51SR6 is a service release update to
               version 3.51 and has no new functionality.
 
               Version 3.5SR6 is a service release update to
               versoin 3.5 and has no new functionality.

               Version 3.51SR5 is a service release update to
               version 3.51 and has no new functionality.

               Version 3.5SR5 is a service release update to
               version 3.5 and has no new functionality.

               Version 3.51SR4 is a service release update to
               version 3.51 and has no new functionality.

               Version 3.5SR4 is a service release update to
               version 3.5 and has no new functionality.

               Version 3.51SR3 is a service release update to
               version 3.51 and has no new functionality.

               Version 3.5SR3 is a service release update to
               version 3.5 and has no new functionality.

               Version 3.51SR2 is a service release update to 
               version 3.51 and has no new functionality.

               Version 3.5SR2 is a service release update to 
               version 3.5 and has no new functionality.
               
               Version 3.51SR1 is a service release update to
               Version 3.51 and has no new functionality.

               Version 3.5SR1 is a service release update to
               Version 3.5 and has no new functionality.

               Version 3.51 is identical to Version 3.5 with the 
               exception that Change Track is enabled.

                    Support for Plantae and Fungi infraspecific ranks.

                    Support for adding and editing quadrinomial synonyms in
                    Plantae and Fungi.

               Version 3.1 is identical to Version 3.0 with the
               exception that the Change Track is enabled.

               Version 3.0

                    The main form now includes a new interface with an 
                    alphabetical and "hierarchical" view of the database. It 
                    also includes a status bar and a tool bar. (82, 259, 343, 
                    344)

                    The record entry portion of the screen now scrolls 
                    vertically and horizontally. (561)

                    Support for ITIS subgenus rules. (64)

                    Support for ITIS fungi and protista rules. (37, 38, 869)

                    Filtered validation for names that have a credibility 
                    rating of TWB standards met or just names that have been
                    modified, like the filtered export added in version 2.0. 
                    (578)

                    Handshake mechanism for tracking changes of Online data in 
                    the workbench (52, 404, 581)

               Version 2.1SR2 is a service release update to 
               Version 2.1 and has no new functionality.
          
               Version 2.0SR2 is a service release update to 
               Version 2.0 and has no new functionality.
          
               Version 2.1SR1 is a service release update to 
               Version 2.1 and has no new functionality.
          
               Version 2.0SR1 is a service release update to 
               Version 2.0 and has no new functionality.
          
               Version 2.1 is identical to Version 2.0 with the 
               exception that the Change Track is enabled.
          
               Version 2.0
          
                    The export function now allows the user to 
                    choose to export only the names that have a credibility 
                    rating of TWB standards met or just the names that have 
                    been modified.
          
                    The ListView will now display an unlimited 
                    number of scientific names.
          
                    A tool to merge two workbench databases into 
                    a third workbench database has been added. The Merge 
                    currently does not merge Change Tracking or Review 
                    tables. (33) 
          
                    The import function will now import more than 
                    32,767 names. Effectively tested with 75,000 names.
          
               Version 1.3
          
                    A tool to edit all the authors in the 
                    database was added. (63)
          
                    A Worksheet report was added. (67)
          
          
          9.2	Enhancements to Existing Functionality of the TWB

             Version 4.0SR6 is a service release to 
             version 4.0 and has no new functionality.

             Version 4.0SR5 is a service release to 
             version 4.0 and has no new functionality.

 	     Version 4.0SR4

		   This version checks the hex values in the vernaculars table,
		   and if any are incorrect, it fixes the value.

             version 4.0SR3

		   This version now alerts the user when merging two files from
		   different kingdoms. (D. Nicolson/Andrew email 05/17/05)

		   This version includes changes to the vernaculars screen. If
                   the user deletes a vernacular, the application will give a 
	           message warning the user if any references are attached to
                   the vernacular. If the user proceeds with the deletion, the
	           vernacular references will be removed from the appropriate
                   list boxes along with the vernacular. (D. Nicolson 04/20/05)

		   The columns on all list boxes are now adjustable. The sizes 
	 	   of the columns and their associated column headers have been
		   adjusted to more appropriately fit the size of the data. A few 
                   text fields on the Publications screen have been enlarged. The
                   publications screen list box has also been enlarged to display
                   more records. (D. Nicolson/Todd TWB_Improvements(05-Apr-2005).doc)

 		   This version propogates any modifications to the vernacular
                   name and/or language to all the associated references (i.e. experts,
                   other sources, and publications) to that vernacular, so that 
                   the user no longer has to correct each reference manually. (D.
                   Nicolson 04/08/05)

	      Version 4.0SR2 is a service release update to 
              Version 4.0 and has no enhancements to the application.

	      Version 4.0SR1 is a service release update to 
              Version 4.0 and has no enhancements to the application.

 
              version 3.6.6

		   Modified the merge so that when comparing taxonomic units records,
		   only the scientific name and rank are compared. The author_id
		   and usage are no longer used in the compare. (D. Nicolson 11/23/04
		   email)
             
            
	      version 3.6.5

		    Modified the merge to copy the tsn value from the 
		    wb_taxonomic_units table to the wb_vernaculars table when 
		    none exists in the merged wb_vernaculars record. (D. Nicolson
		    09/02/04 email)            

	      version 3.6SR4

		    When importing data that does not contain the kingdom record,
		    the workbench will now generate a complete kingdom record which
	            is helpful when uploading data into the destination database.

	      Version 3.6SR3 is a service release update to 
              Version 3.6 and has no enhancements to the application.

              Version 3.6SR2 

		    When upgrading to 3.6.2, the TWB will no longer error off if it 
	            tries to delete a query that does not exist.
 
		    The primary key in the vernaculars table was changed to a new
		    wb_vern_id (serial key) field. This impacted all access to the
		    vernaculars table including all the associated SQL statements. 
	            An additional field was added to the export and import files to 
		    handle the added wb_vern_id field.

		    The wb_vern_ref_links.language field was removed from the code
		    after a redesign of the table.		    

 
               Version 3.6SR1 is a service release update to 
               Version 3.6 and has no enhancements to the application.

               version 3.6
                    
	
                    Modified the publications screen so that only one publication
                    can be the original description for a given name. 
                    (interimchanges_req.doc)  Also modified the publications screen
                    such that a blank publication can no longer be added. (D. Nicolson
                    4/02/03 email)

                    The Experts and Other Sources windows have been modified to
                    function similar to the current Publications window.
                    (interimchanges_req.doc)  The buttons have been positioned
                    on both screens to match the button positioning of the Publications
                    screen. (D. Nicolson 3/27/03 email)

                    Mexico was added as a value for jurisdiction. (interimchanges_req.doc)

                    Native and Extirpated, and native and Extinct have been added
                    as origin values. (interimchanges_req.doc)
                    
                    Enforcement of the population of tsn, vernacular_name and
                    language for Vernaculars. This will serve as the pre-cursor
                    for the database structure change that will enforce the unique
                    combination of values for these three data elements and satisfy
                    the requirement that the same vernacular may exist for the same
                    tsn, but in a different language. This is enforced at 
                    validation/export. (interimchanges_req.doc)

                    Modified import and export to accommodate uncertain_parent_ind,
                    and increased the length of data elements, unacceptability_reason
                    and origin. (interimchanges_req.doc)

                    The merge function, as it currently exists, will function for two
                    3.6 files. (interimchanges_req.doc)
 
                    Earlier (but not ancient) workbench files can be upgraded to the 
                    current version. (interimchanges_req.doc)   

 
               Version 3.51 and 3.5

                    Rank and parent rank choice lists are now strictly choice lists
                    and will no longer accept typed text.

                    For rank of 'Species', the choice list associated with species was
                    replaced with a text box.

                    Supported unit_ind3 values now include ssp., var. subvar., f. and subf.

                    Supported unit_ind4 values now include var., subvar., f. and subf.

                    Replaced 'Forma' and 'Subforma' with 'Form' and 'Subform', respectively.

                    The default parent rank is 'Species' for accepted infraspecific records
                    and 'Genus' for accepted species level records (species, section and
                    subsection).

                    A parent rank the same or below the name's rank cannot be specified.

               Version 3.1 and 3.0

                    Tab order on screens flow better. (474, 475, 476, 477)

                    "Hot keys" were added to the buttons. (482)

                    A find function added via the alphabetical view of the
                    new interface. (60)

                    Save button added to all screens by putting it on a
                    toolbar. (84)

                    The name field on each tab moved to the status bar. (471)

                    All reports have print and save buttons, and resizable 
                    screens.

                    TWB file creation script now accommodates more MS-Access
                    capabilities. (346)
          
               Version 2.1SR2 and 2.0SR2

                    Merge Algorithm. (665) 

                    Duplicate Geographic Region Entries from Merge. (516) 

                    Change Track and Review Tables. (342) 

                    Merge Hierarchy (572, 640) 

                    Merge of "Syn-original combination" synonyms. (637) 

                    Secondary Authors and dates. (638) 

                    Overwritten Merge Files. (639) 

                    Inability to close merge screen. (796) 
          
               Version 2.1SR1 is a service release update to 
               Version 2.1 and has no outward changes to the application.
                    
               Version 2.0SR1 is a service release update to 
               Version 2.0 and has no outward changes to the application.
          
               Version 2.1 is identical to Version 2.0 with the 
               exception that the Change Track is enabled.
          
               Version 2.0
          
                    This is a Windows 95 version of the workbench.
                    It will not function in previous versions of Windows. 
          
                    255 character limitation in comments removed. 
                    (36)
          
                    Microhelp combo boxes replaced with Microsoft 
                    combo boxes. (122)
          
               Version 1.3
          
                    The tab order on the Change Track screen has 
                    been cleaned up. (54)
          
                    Parent rules have been modified according to 
                    the TWB. (65)
          
                    The kingdom record no longer requires a 
                    parent. (51)
          
                    The ListView screen performance is improved. 
                    (62)
          
                    The Publication tab now has pick lists for 
                    Author, Actual Date, Publication and Title. (58)
          
                    Synonym links for taxons going from invalid 
                    to valid are now  deleted from the database. (125)
          
                    "syn-original combination" and 
                    "syn-subsequent comb."  unacceptability reasons have been  
                    added for databases in the Animal kingdom. (31)
          
                    Validation now checks that valid records are 
                    not linked to valid records in the synonymy links table as  
                    well as invalid records not linked to invalid records. (43)
          
                    Import now accommodates the source_type in 
                    the external format.
          
          9.3	Bug Fixes
          
                The following software bugs were corrected in the TWB:

	     version 4.0.6

		   Modified the import so that an uncertain_parent_indicator gets 
		   imported correctly.

 
	     version 4.0.5

		   Modifed the publications screen code, such that when a user changes
		   the original description indicator on a record, that the change
		   is saved correctly to the database. Also, if a reference is 
		   associated with both a vernacular and a scientific name, changing
		   the original description indicator to "yes" no longer changes the
		   vernacular record to "yes". (D. Nicolson/Todd 06/13/05)

		   Modified the publications screen code so that the user no longer
		   gets an erroneous message "Attempting to add an original description
		   indicator to a vernacular" when adding a vernacular and scientific
		   name reference with the "Both" option. (D. Nicolson/Herrick Brown
		   6/14/05)
		   

	     version 4.0.4

		   Modified the code so that it no longer errors off updating the 
		   vernacular reference links table when the data contains a null 
		   tsn. This allows the code to continue processing, allowing all 
		   objects to be created which, in turn, eliminates multiple runtime 
		   errors. If an error is found updating the vernacular reference 
		   links table, an error message is printed indicating the record 
		   which caused the error, and the user is prompted to open a new 
		   or different database. (D. Nicolson/Andrew 05/26/05)

 	     version 4.0.3

		   Modified the code such that when the user scrolls through the
		   alphabetical list of taxa too quickly via cursor keys, an error
		   no longer occurs. (D. Nicolson/Andrew 05/12/05)

		   Modified the code so that if a pub has double-quotes (") in the 
		   publication's comments and the user tries to link it to another 
	 	   scientific name, the application no longer creates 2 identical 
		   publication records. (D. Nicolson/Andrew/P. Huddleston 04/28/05 
		   email)

		   Modified the code such that when the association of an expert or 
		   other sources record was changed from a scientific name to a 
		   vernacular name, and the modify button was pressed and saved, 
		   that the application no longer displays a runtime error and 
		   deletes the expert/other sources record. (D. Nicolson 04/20/05
		   email) 

		   Modified the code such that when the association is changed on
		   an expert vernacular record, that all the expert records with
		   that association and taxon id are no longer changed in the list
		   box. (D. Nicolson 04/20/05 email) 

		   MOdified the code so that when a reference to a vernacular 
		   is modified, the vern_id is changed also. (D. Nicolson 04/15/05
                   email)

		   Modified the code such that if more than one capitalization version
		   of the same vernacular occurs, the reference attribution points
		   to the correct vernacular in the vern_ref_links table. (D.
                   Nicolson 04/08/05 email)

 		   Modified the code so that the hex element in the vernaculars 
	           table is always updated to reflect changes. (D. Nicolson
                   04/08/05 email)

		   MOdified the code so that if the user attempts to redirect a
		   vern_ref_link, it no longer appears to fail (even though it was 
		   actually pointing to the correct vernacular). (D. Nicolson
                   4/08/05 email)

	     version 4.0.2

		   Modified the code so that the version number of the workbench 
		   is updated correctly. (D. Nicolson 03/24/05 email)

	     version 4.0.1

		   Modified the code so that the removal of (or failure to remove) 
		   references linking to SciNames and/or Vernaculars is handled
		   correctly. (D. Nicolson 03/16/05 email)	

             version 3.6.6

                   Modified the tombstone records to log both the tsn and
	           the vern_id on a vernacular record.
			
		   Modified the merge so that the secondary parent_tsn is only
                   written to the primary parent_tsn field if the primary field
                   is null, and if the parent_wb_ids match between the two
                   database (in the case of the secondary db, it would be the
                   translated parent_wb_id). (D. Nicolson 01/26/05 email) 

		   Modified the merge so that the last db_tombstone record in 
		   the secondary file is merged also. (D. Nicolson 11/30/04 email)

                   Modified the code so that the unacceptability reason value is
		   nulled out when a primary valid record is merged with a secondary
		   invalid record with the same name. (D. Nicolson 11/15/04 email)
   
		   Modified the merge to generate a tombstone record in the
		   case where a vernacular name has a vernacular reference link
		   that is deleted. (D. Nicolson 11/15/04 email)

		   Modified the merge to recognize a duplicate record in the
		   secondary file, rather than import all the information from
		   both records into one record. (D. Nicolson 11/15/04 email)

		   Modified the code so if a vernacular reference link is deleted, 
		   a tombstone is recorded for the vernacular reference links record.
                   (D. Nicolson 11/15/04 email)              

	       version 3.6.5

		    Fixed the problem which occurred when importing a file
		    via the 'Standard ITIS Import Format' and duplicate
		    venaculars with different wb_ids would not import. (D.
		    Nicolson 09/02/04 email)
		    
		    Fixed the problem which occurred when importing a file
		    via the 'Standard ITIS Import Format' and only the first
		    vernacular record was imported. (D. Nicolson 07/20/04 email)

		    Fixed the problem which occurred when merging two files and
		    the resulting file had only the vernaculars from the primary
		    file and none from the secondary file. (D. Nicolson 07/20/04
		    email)	

 		    Fixed the problem which occurred when adding a new 
		    taxonomic units record with an associated new publications 
		    record, where the wrong publication record was being associated
		    with the taxon record. (D. Nicolson 08/23/04 email) 	    

	       version 3.6.3

		    Fixed the runtime error which occurred when importing 
		    data containing apostrophes. (D. Nicolson 05/18/04 email) 

	       version 3.6.2

		    Fixed the runtime error which occurred when adding a vernacular
		    and language to an updated version of the workbench. (D.
		    Nicolson 04/16/04 email)
	
		    Fixed the runtime error which occurred opening a V3.6.1
		    database. (D. Nicolson 04/15/04 email)

		    Fixed the runtime error which occurred during an import of a 
		    txt file. (D. Nicolson 10/20/03 email)

	       version 3.6.1

		    Modified the Other Sources such that duplicate entries are no
	            longer made to the wb_other_sources table. (D. Nicolson 5/6/03 email)	

		    Modified the Other Sources 'Comments' field, the 'Source' field, 
		    and the Experts 'Comments' field to allow the user to input
		    double quotes in the text. (D. Nicolson 4/25/03 email)

               version 3.6

		    Modified the Taxon and Distributions windows so that data is not
		    carried over to new records inappropriately after setting 
		    preferences. (D. Nicolson 4/17/03 email)		

		    Modified the workbench to populate combo boxes after an import.
		    (D. Nicolson 4/17/03 email)

                    Currency and Coverage fields are no longer carried over to newly 
                    added records when the "Data Retention on Record Add" preferences
                    is set. (D. Nicolson 4/09/03 email)

                    Jurisdiction fields are cleared out on new record after saving
                    these fields on previous records. (D. Nicolson 4/09/03 email)

                    Fixed runtime error of '13' - Type mismatch, when user selects
                    the 'Help->Search for Help On' menu option off the preferences screen.

                    Previously, when a new record was added, the 'Add New Name',
                    'Go to Previous Name', and 'Go to Next Name' button options 
                    were disable. They now display.
 
                    Hybrid indicators should now import correctly. 
                    (interimchanges_req.doc)
 
                    The 'Add' button now works on a publications screen with 
                    no previous records. (D. Nicolson 3/27/03 email)

                    The 'Delete' button no longer gives a runtime error when 
                    pressed on an empty publications list in the publications
                    tab. (D. Nicolson 3/27/03 email) 

                    Fixed runtime error of '3021' - No Current Record, when 
                    user opens workbench with plantae data, selects an invalid
                    record, then opens and animalia database. (D. Nicolson
                    3/27/03 email)

               version 3.5SR10

                    Added case-sensitivity to the taxon_author field in the 
                    wb_taxon_authors_lookup table so that records always match the 
                    correct author regardless of case. Multiple taxon_author names
                    which differ only by case are now possible. (D. Nicolson 5/9/2002 email)
	
               version 3.5SR9

                    Dragging an invalid name and dropping it onto a new valid name
                    will now use the correct accepted tsn when creating the
                    synonym link record. (D. Nicolson 12/18/2000 email)

                    Corrected side-effect introduced with SR8 in an attempt to
                    keep the name fields from being cleared when the rank was changed.
                    (D. Nicolson 10/27/2000 email)

               Version 3.5SR8

                    Vernacular names are now case-sensitive. Multiple vernacular names
                    which differ only by case are now possible. 

                    The 'Add New' button on the tool bar is no longer re-enabled when
                    a new name is saved.

                    Changing the rank no longer causes the name fields to be cleared.
                    (D. Nicolson 10/27/2000 email)

               Version 3.5SR7

                    Importing synonym links now results in correct wb_id_accepted
                    values. (D. Nicolson 10/6/2000 email.)

               Version 3.5SR6 and 3.51SR6

                    Import of 'Standard ITIS Import Format' file with a delimiter
                    and blank enclosure now works. (D. Nicolson 7/25/2000 email.)
        

               Version 3.5SR5 and 3.51SR5

                    Map "syn-original comina" to "syn-original combination" on export.

                    Changed minimum year for publication actual date, publication listed date and
                    currency rating fields from 1758 to 1753 for Plantae and Fungi. (D. Nicolson 
                    12/20/1999 email.)

                    Fixed synonym import problem where only first link was made when an invalid name
                    was linked to more than one accepted name. (D. Nicolson 01/07/2000 email.)

                    An author is now required for names of rank Genus and below, rather than species
                    and below, for the kingdoms Animalia and Protista.

               Version 3.5SR4 and 3.51SR4

                    Single quotes in the commentator field are now handled correctly.

                    Deleting experts and other sources that originated online now result in 
                    tombstone records.

                    Tombstone records are cleaned up after deleting geographic divisions,
                    jursidictions, vernaculars, comment links, reference links, experts or other
                    sources and then re-adding.

                    The temporary query 'SQLTemp' is no longer used.

                    Refresh problem with pull-down lists in Publications screen has been fixed.

                    Records changed with the Authors tool will now export correctly.

                    The hierarchy and alphabetical views will now refresh correctly after records are
                    modified with the Authors tool.

               Version 3.5SR3 and 3.51SR3

                    Hierarchical display incorrectly displays child nodes at root level
                    after saving an node with no changes. (8/10/1999 email.)

                    Hierarchical display no longer highlights selected name. 
                    (8/10/1999 email.)

               Version 3.5SR2 and 3.51SR2

                    Tombstone records were being created for synonym links even though the
                    links were not actually deleted. (Brachyura_Final.twb update.)

                    Duplicate tombstones were being created for synonym links in some cases.

                    Synonym link tsns were being lost. (Brachyura_Final.twb update.)

                    Corrected synonym link display problems with the hierarchical view.
                    (Brachyura_Final.twb update.)

               Version 3.5SR1 and 3.51SR1

                    Comment links are now created correctly and no longer refer to what was 
                    previously the last comment in the database. (7/12/1999 D. Nicolson email.)

                    The deletion of comments originating on the online system was not being 
                    recorded correctly (7/13/1999 KTK.)

               Version 3.5 and 3.51

                    Field freeze in Publications and Other Sources. (568,937)

                    Printing the Taxonomic Compare Report. (563)

                    Valid entry of subspecies. (832)

                    Corrected spelling of "nomen nudem". (653)

                    Can no longer make a name its own parent. (973)

               Version 3.1SR1 and 3.0SR1

		    Erroneous deletions of jurisdiction and geographic divisions from the
                    previously edited record no longer appear in the db_tombstone table. 
                    (2/24/99 D. Nicolson email.)

                    Multiple accepted names ("[accepted_name]") for one synonym are now 
                    supported when importing an external format data file. 
                    (2/4/99 T. McConchie email, Non-critical Problem 5.)

                    Experts data is no longer lost when merging databases. 
                    (2/5/99 T. McConchie email.)

                    Can no longer change a name from valid to invalid and make it a synonym 
                    of itself. (2/4/99 T.McConchie email, Critical Problem 1.) (950)

		    The 'Source' field under Other Sources now allows the user to enter 
                    up to 64 characters, rather than 10. (2/4/99 T. McConchie email, Critical
                    Problem 5.) (954)

                    Can now use 'Save As' to save the validation error log file. 
                    (2/4/99 T. McConchie email, Run-Time error 4.) (958)

                    The Alphabetical View now refreshes correctly when names are made invalid.
                    ( T.McConchie email, Non-critical problem 2.) (960)

                    A list of existing genera is provided when entering a new subgenus and 
                    when adding a species, the species choice list now displays a list of 
                    species rather than a list of subgenera. (2/20/99 T. McConchie email)

                    Comments records lacking data in the commentator field no longer produce a
                    run-time error upon saving changes to unrelated fields (2/4/99 T. McConchie
                    email, Run-Time Error 1.) (956)
 
               Version 3.1 and 3.0

                    Invalid names as parents. (412)

                    Parent Rank field crash. (473, 787)

                    Export of validated records. (837)

                    Misspelling of "Hierarchical" on printed report. (856)

                    Typing Parent Name attaches in wrong parent. (859)

                    Comments entered do not appear in the TWB. (642, 664)

                    Illegal operation on TaxCompare. (483)

                    Fields on export window are unreadable. (643, 795)

                    Export of Kingdom when last record in database. (820)

                    False invalidation of the last record in database. (845)

                    Saving hierarchy report in different directory. (654, 656)

               Versions 2.1SR2 and 2.0SR2

                    Parent TSN Recorded. (404) 

                    Import of [parent_name] field. (813) 

                    Last record "Kingdom" export. (820)
         
               Versions 2.1SR1 and 2.0SR1

                    Missing comment links from merge. (621)

                    Duplicate publications from merges. (618, 620)

                    Hierarchical and worksheet report file names. (617)

                    Publication error 3021. (616)

                    Missing Other Source fields from merge. (613, 615)

                    Unreadable text on Taxonomy Compare screen. (609)

                    Deleted text in publication combo boxes. (607)

                    Apostrophe in publication fields. (601)

                    Invalid names on Synonyms tab. (599)

                    Merge of Publication reference links. (598)
          
                    Runtime error #3021: No current record fixed. 
                    (491) 
          
                    Synonym Link Imports fixed. (489) 
          
                    Merge error #70: Merge into open file fixed. 
                    (484) 
          
                    Validation error #380: Invalid property 
                    fixed. (493, 512) 
          
                    Install Instructions rewritten (this 
                    document). (487) 
          
                    Syn-Original Combination not recognized as an 
                    invalid reason fixed (429). 
          
                    Reference Links not being created fixed. (506) 
          
                    Publication Runtime error #3021 fixed. (514, 
                    549) 
          
                    Expert Runtime error #3315 fixed. (550) 
          
                    The word Interagency in Reports changed to 
                    Integrated. (502) 
          
                    Misspelled word 'Hierarchical' in Reports 
                    corrected. (503) 
          
                    Runtime error #364 from startup 'no database' 
                    window fixed. (548)
          
                    Runtime error #2004 in Reports fixed. (547) 
          
                    Publication Entry Order fixed. (349, 472, 
                    490, 505) 
          
                    Missing Publication comment fixed. (514) 
          
                    Support for .bin files fixed. (564) 
          
                    Entry of Original Description in Publications 
                    fixed. (504) 
          
                    Existing References in Publication Tab fixed. 
                    (507) 
          
          
               Version 2.0
          
                    A import problem where the wrong author could 
                    get linked to a  Taxonomic Unit was fixed.
          
                    Previous problems with the Merge assigning 
                    the wrong authors to a Taxonomic Unit is fixed. (126)
          
                    Parent field is now populated after the 
                    workbench returns from ListView. (50)
          
                    Grids correctly display data in the correct 
                    font on the screen. (128)
          
          
               Version 1.3
          
                    Validation and export now verify origin 
                    exists in jurisdiction records prior to export. (70)
          
                    Export now correctly writes expert, other 
                    sources, reference links, and reference records. (72, 129)
          
                    "Invalid Property Array" error message after 
                    returning from ListView is fixed. (53)
          
                    "No Current Record" error message after 
                    returning from ListView is fixed. (57)
          
                    The message about an invalid preferred rank 
                    when creating a new  dataset has been fixed. (130)
          
                    "Reserve Error -8262" message is fixed. (46)
          
                    The build date in the Help|About box now 
                    consistent. (45)