-CITE-
    18 USC CHAPTER 105 - SABOTAGE                               01/03/2007

-EXPCITE-
    TITLE 18 - CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
    PART I - CRIMES
    CHAPTER 105 - SABOTAGE

-HEAD-
                          CHAPTER 105 - SABOTAGE                      

-MISC1-
    Sec.                                                     
    2151.       Definitions.                                          
    2152.       Fortifications, harbor defenses, or defensive sea
                 areas.                                               
    2153.       Destruction of war material, war premises or war
                 utilities.(!1)                                        
    2154.       Production of defective war material, war premises or
                 war utilities.(!1)                                   
    2155.       Destruction of national-defense materials,
                 national-defense premises, or national-defense
                 utilities.                                           
    2156.       Production of defective national-defense material,
                 national-defense premises, or national-defense
                 utilities.                                           
    [2157.      Repealed.]                                            

                                AMENDMENTS                            
      1996 - Pub. L. 104-294, title VI, Sec. 601(f)(11), Oct. 11, 1996,
    110 Stat. 3500, substituted ", or" for "or" in items 2155 and 2156.
      1994 - Pub. L. 103-322, title XXXIII, Sec. 330004(13), Sept. 13,
    1994, 108 Stat. 2142, struck out item 2157 "Temporary extension of
    sections 2153 and 2154".
      1954 - Act Sept. 3, 1954, ch. 1261, Sec. 106, 68 Stat. 1219,
    amended items 2153 to 2156 generally.
      1953 - Act June 30, 1953, ch. 175, Sec. 1, 67 Stat. 133, added
    item 2157.

-FOOTNOTE-
    (!1) So in original. Does not conform to section catchline.


-End-



-CITE-
    18 USC Sec. 2151                                            01/03/2007

-EXPCITE-
    TITLE 18 - CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
    PART I - CRIMES
    CHAPTER 105 - SABOTAGE

-HEAD-
    Sec. 2151. Definitions

-STATUTE-
      As used in this chapter:
      The words "war material" include arms, armament, ammunition,
    livestock, forage, forest products and standing timber, stores of
    clothing, air, water, food, foodstuffs, fuel, supplies, munitions,
    and all articles, parts or ingredients, intended for, adapted to,
    or suitable for the use of the United States or any associate
    nation, in connection with the conduct of war or defense
    activities.
      The words "war premises" include all buildings, grounds, mines,
    or other places wherein such war material is being produced,
    manufactured, repaired, stored, mined, extracted, distributed,
    loaded, unloaded, or transported, together with all machinery and
    appliances therein contained; and all forts, arsenals, navy yards,
    camps, prisons, or other installations of the Armed Forces of the
    United States, or any associate nation.
      The words "war utilities" include all railroads, railways,
    electric lines, roads of whatever description, any railroad or
    railway fixture, canal, lock, dam, wharf, pier, dock, bridge,
    building, structure, engine, machine, mechanical contrivance, car,
    vehicle, boat, aircraft, airfields, air lanes, and fixtures or
    appurtenances thereof, or any other means of transportation
    whatsoever, whereon or whereby such war material or any troops of
    the United States, or of any associate nation, are being or may be
    transported either within the limits of the United States or upon
    the high seas or elsewhere; and all air-conditioning systems, dams,
    reservoirs, aqueducts, water and gas mains and pipes, structures
    and buildings, whereby or in connection with which air, water or
    gas is being furnished, or may be furnished, to any war premises or
    to the Armed Forces of the United States, or any associate nation,
    and all electric light and power, steam or pneumatic power,
    telephone and telegraph plants, poles, wires, and fixtures, and
    wireless stations, and the buildings connected with the maintenance
    and operation thereof used to supply air, water, light, heat,
    power, or facilities of communication to any war premises or to the
    Armed Forces of the United States, or any associate nation.
      The words "associate nation" mean any nation at war with any
    nation with which the United States is at war.
      The words "national-defense material" include arms, armament,
    ammunition, livestock, forage, forest products and standing timber,
    stores of clothing, air, water, food, foodstuffs, fuel, supplies,
    munitions, and all other articles of whatever description and any
    part or ingredient thereof, intended for, adapted to, or suitable
    for the use of the United States in connection with the national
    defense or for use in or in connection with the producing,
    manufacturing, repairing, storing, mining, extracting,
    distributing, loading, unloading, or transporting of any of the
    materials or other articles hereinbefore mentioned or any part or
    ingredient thereof.
      The words "national-defense premises" include all buildings,
    grounds, mines, or other places wherein such national-defense
    material is being produced, manufactured, repaired, stored, mined,
    extracted, distributed, loaded, unloaded, or transported, together
    with all machinery and appliances therein contained; and all forts,
    arsenals, navy yards, camps, prisons, or other installations of the
    Armed Forces of the United States.
      The words "national-defense utilities" include all railroads,
    railways, electric lines, roads of whatever description, railroad
    or railway fixture, canal, lock, dam, wharf, pier, dock, bridge,
    building, structure, engine, machine, mechanical contrivance, car,
    vehicle, boat, aircraft, airfields, air lanes, and fixtures or
    appurtenances thereof, or any other means of transportation
    whatsoever, whereon or whereby such national-defense material, or
    any troops of the United States, are being or may be transported
    either within the limits of the United States or upon the high seas
    or elsewhere; and all air-conditioning systems, dams, reservoirs,
    aqueducts, water and gas mains and pipes, structures, and
    buildings, whereby or in connection with which air, water, or gas
    may be furnished to any national-defense premises or to the Armed
    Forces of the United States, and all electric light and power,
    steam or pneumatic power, telephone and telegraph plants, poles,
    wires, and fixtures and wireless stations, and the buildings
    connected with the maintenance and operation thereof used to supply
    air, water, light, heat, power, or facilities of communication to
    any national-defense premises or to the Armed Forces of the United
    States.

-SOURCE-
    (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 798; June 30, 1953, ch. 175, Sec.
    2, 67 Stat. 133; Sept. 3, 1954, ch. 1261, title I, Sec. 101, 68
    Stat. 1216.)


-MISC1-
                       HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES                   
      Based on sections 101, 104, of title 50, U.S.C., 1940 ed., War
    and National Defense (Apr. 20, 1918, ch. 59, Secs. 1, 4, 40 Stat.
    533; Nov. 30, 1940, ch. 926, 54 Stat. 1220; Aug. 21, 1941, ch. 388,
    55 Stat. 655; Dec. 24, 1942, ch. 824, 56 Stat. 1087).
      Section consolidated definitive sections 101 and 104 of title 50,
    U.S.C., 1940 ed., War and National Defense.
      Words "As used in this chapter" were inserted at beginning for
    brevity.
      Definition of "United States", was omitted as covered by section
    5 of this title.
      Minor changes were made in phraseology and translations.

                                AMENDMENTS                            
      1954 - Act Sept. 3, 1954, redefined and enlarged definitions.
      1953 - Act June 30, 1953, inserted "or defense activities" after
    "conduct of war" in definition of "war material".

                                SHORT TITLE                            
      Section 1 of act Sept. 3, 1954, provided that: "This Act
    [amending this section and sections 794 and 2153 to 2156 of this
    title] may be cited as the 'Espionage and Sabotage Act of 1954'."

                                  REPEALS                              
      Section 7 of act June 30, 1953, ch. 175, 67 Stat. 134, repealed
    Joint Res. July 3, 1952, ch. 570, Sec. 1(a)(29), 66 Stat. 333;
    Joint Res. Mar. 31, 1953, ch. 13, Sec. 1, 67 Stat. 18, formerly
    cited as credits to this section and also formerly set out as a
    note under this section.

-End-



-CITE-
    18 USC Sec. 2152                                            01/03/2007

-EXPCITE-
    TITLE 18 - CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
    PART I - CRIMES
    CHAPTER 105 - SABOTAGE

-HEAD-
    Sec. 2152. Fortifications, harbor defenses, or defensive sea areas

-STATUTE-
      Whoever willfully trespasses upon, injures, or destroys any of
    the works or property or material of any submarine mine or torpedo
    or fortification or harbor-defense system owned or constructed or
    in process of construction by the United States; or
      Whoever willfully interferes with the operation or use of any
    such submarine mine, torpedo, fortification, or harbor-defense
    system; or
      Whoever knowingly, willfully, or wantonly violates any duly
    authorized and promulgated order or regulation of the President
    governing persons or vessels within the limits of defensive sea
    areas, which the President, for purposes of national defense, may
    from time to time establish by executive order - 
      Shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than five
    years, or both.

-SOURCE-
    (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 799; Pub. L. 103-322, title
    XXXIII, Sec. 330016(1)(K), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2147.)


-MISC1-
                       HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES                   
      Based on title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., Sec. 96 (Mar. 4, 1909, ch.
    321, Sec. 44, 35 Stat. 1097; Mar. 4, 1917, ch. 180, 39 Stat. 1194;
    May 22, 1917, ch. 20, Sec. 19, 40 Stat. 89).
      Jurisdiction and venue provisions were omitted as unnecessary and
    inconsistent with Rule 18 of the Federal Rules of Criminal
    Procedure providing for prosecution where the offense is committed,
    and section 3238 of this title providing that trial of offenses
    committed outside any district shall be in the district where the
    offender is found, or into which he is first brought.
      Words "on conviction thereof" were omitted as surplusage as
    punishment cannot be imposed until conviction is had.
      Minor changes were made in phraseology.

                                AMENDMENTS                            
      1994 - Pub. L. 103-322 substituted "fined under this title" for
    "fined not more than $5,000" in last par.


-EXEC-
                         EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 10361                     
      Ex. Ord. No. 10361, June 12, 1952, 17 F.R. 5357, formerly set out
    under this section, which established the Whittier Defensive Sea
    Area, Alaska, was revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 11549, July 28, 1970, 35
    F.R. 12191.

-End-



-CITE-
    18 USC Sec. 2153                                            01/03/2007

-EXPCITE-
    TITLE 18 - CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
    PART I - CRIMES
    CHAPTER 105 - SABOTAGE

-HEAD-
    Sec. 2153. Destruction of war material, war premises, or war
      utilities

-STATUTE-
      (a) Whoever, when the United States is at war, or in times of
    national emergency as declared by the President or by the Congress,
    with intent to injure, interfere with, or obstruct the United
    States or any associate nation in preparing for or carrying on the
    war or defense activities, or, with reason to believe that his act
    may injure, interfere with, or obstruct the United States or any
    associate nation in preparing for or carrying on the war or defense
    activities, willfully injures, destroys, contaminates or infects,
    or attempts to so injure, destroy, contaminate or infect any war
    material, war premises, or war utilities, shall be fined under this
    title or imprisoned not more than thirty years, or both.
      (b) If two or more persons conspire to violate this section, and
    one or more of such persons do any act to effect the object of the
    conspiracy, each of the parties to such conspiracy shall be
    punished as provided in subsection (a) of this section.

-SOURCE-
    (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 799; June 30, 1953, ch. 175, Sec.
    2, 67 Stat. 133; Sept. 3, 1954, ch. 1261, title I, Sec. 102, 68
    Stat. 1217; Pub. L. 103-322, title XXXIII, Sec. 330016(1)(L), Sept.
    13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2147.)


-MISC1-
                       HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES                   
      Based on section 102 of title 50, U.S.C., 1940 ed., War and
    National Defense (Apr. 20, 1918, ch. 59, Sec. 2, 40 Stat. 534).
      "As herein defined" was deleted as surplusage.
      The conspiracy provisions are new. Their addition to the section
    was strongly urged by the Criminal Division of the Department of
    Justice, considering the gravity of the substantive offense as
    evidenced by the prescribed punishment therefor. The punishment
    provisions of the general conspiracy statute, section 371 of this
    title, are inadequate.
      Words "upon conviction thereof" were omitted as unnecessary since
    punishment cannot be imposed until a conviction is secured.
      Minor changes were made in phraseology.

                                AMENDMENTS                            
      1994 - Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103-322 substituted "fined under this
    title" for "fined not more than $10,000".
      1954 - Act Sept. 3, 1954, made section applicable in time of
    national emergency as well as war, and recognized the possibility
    of bacteriological warfare by making "contamination" a crime.
      1953 - Subsec. (a). Act June 30, 1953, inserted "or defense
    activities" after "carrying on the war".

                                  REPEALS                              
      Section 7 of act June 30, 1953, ch. 175, 67 Stat. 134, repealed
    Joint Res. July 3, 1952, ch. 570, Sec. 1(a)(29), 66 Stat. 333;
    Joint Res. Mar. 31, 1953, ch. 13, Sec. 1, 67 Stat. 18, formerly
    cited as credits to this section and also formerly set out as a
    note under this section.

-End-



-CITE-
    18 USC Sec. 2154                                            01/03/2007

-EXPCITE-
    TITLE 18 - CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
    PART I - CRIMES
    CHAPTER 105 - SABOTAGE

-HEAD-
    Sec. 2154. Production of defective war material, war premises, or
      war utilities

-STATUTE-
      (a) Whoever, when the United States is at war, or in times of
    national emergency as declared by the President or by the Congress,
    with intent to injure, interfere with, or obstruct the United
    States or any associate nation in preparing for or carrying on the
    war or defense activities, or, with reason to believe that his act
    may injure, interfere with, or obstruct the United States or any
    associate nation in preparing for or carrying on the war or defense
    activities, willfully makes, constructs, or causes to be made or
    constructed in a defective manner, or attempts to make, construct,
    or cause to be made or constructed in a defective manner any war
    material, war premises or war utilities, or any tool, implement,
    machine, utensil, or receptacle used or employed in making,
    producing, manufacturing, or repairing any such war material, war
    premises or war utilities, shall be fined under this title or
    imprisoned not more than thirty years, or both.
      (b) If two or more persons conspire to violate this section, and
    one or more of such persons do any act to effect the object of the
    conspiracy, each of the parties to such conspiracy shall be
    punished as provided in subsection (a) of this section.

-SOURCE-
    (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 799; June 30, 1953, ch. 175, Sec.
    2, 67 Stat. 133; Sept. 3, 1954, ch. 1261, title I, Sec. 103, 68
    Stat. 1218; Pub. L. 103-322, title XXXIII, Sec. 330016(1)(L), Sept.
    13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2147.)


-MISC1-
                       HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES                   
      Based on section 103 of title 50, U.S.C., 1940 ed., War and
    National Defense (Apr. 20, 1918, ch. 59, Sec. 3, 40 Stat. 534).
      The conspiracy provisions are new. Their addition to the section
    was strongly urged by the Criminal Division of the Department of
    Justice, considering the gravity of the substantive offense as
    evidenced by the prescribed punishment therefor. The punishment
    provisions of the general conspiracy statute, section 371 of this
    title, are inadequate.
      Words "upon conviction thereof" were omitted as unnecessary,
    since punishment cannot be imposed until a conviction is secured.
      Minor changes were made in phraseology.

                                AMENDMENTS                            
      1994 - Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103-322 substituted "fined under this
    title" for "fined not more than $10,000".
      1954 - Act Sept. 3, 1954, made section applicable in time of
    national emergency, and enlarged its scope by bringing "war
    premises, or war utilities" within jurisdiction of section.
      1953 - Subsec. (a). Act June 30, 1953, inserted "or defense
    activities" after "carrying on the war".

                                  REPEALS                              
      Section 7 of act June 30, 1953, ch. 175, 67 Stat. 134, repealed
    Joint Res. July 3, 1952, ch. 570, Sec. 1(a)(29), 66 Stat. 333;
    Joint Res. Mar. 31, 1953, ch. 13, Sec. 1, 67 Stat. 18, formerly
    cited as credits to this section and also formerly set out as a
    note under this section.

-End-



-CITE-
    18 USC Sec. 2155                                            01/03/2007

-EXPCITE-
    TITLE 18 - CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
    PART I - CRIMES
    CHAPTER 105 - SABOTAGE

-HEAD-
    Sec. 2155. Destruction of national-defense materials, national-
      defense premises, or national-defense utilities

-STATUTE-
      (a) Whoever, with intent to injure, interfere with, or obstruct
    the national defense of the United States, willfully injures,
    destroys, contaminates or infects, or attempts to so injure,
    destroy, contaminate or infect any national-defense material,
    national-defense premises, or national-defense utilities, shall be
    fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 20 years, or
    both, and, if death results to any person, shall be imprisoned for
    any term of years or for life.
      (b) If two or more persons conspire to violate this section, and
    one or more of such persons do any act to effect the object of the
    conspiracy, each of the parties to such conspiracy shall be
    punished as provided in subsection (a) of this section.

-SOURCE-
    (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 799; Sept. 3, 1954, ch. 1261,
    title I, Sec. 104, 68 Stat. 1218; Pub. L. 103-322, title XXXIII,
    Sec. 330016(1)(L), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2147; Pub. L. 104-294,
    title VI, Sec. 601(f)(12), Oct. 11, 1996, 110 Stat. 3500; Pub. L.
    107-56, title VIII, Sec. 810(e), Oct. 26, 2001, 115 Stat. 380.)


-MISC1-
                       HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES                   
      Based on section 105 of title 50, U.S.C., 1940 ed., War and
    National Defense (Apr. 20, 1918, ch. 59, Sec. 5, as added Nov. 30,
    1940, ch. 926, 54 Stat. 1221).
      Words "upon conviction thereof" were omitted as unnecessary,
    since punishment cannot be imposed until a conviction is secured.
      Minor changes were made in phraseology.

                                AMENDMENTS                            
      2001 - Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 107-56 substituted "20 years" for
    "ten years" and inserted ", and, if death results to any person,
    shall be imprisoned for any term of years or for life" before
    period at end.
      1996 - Pub. L. 104-294 substituted ", or" for "or" in section
    catchline.
      1994 - Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103-322 substituted "fined under this
    title" for "fined not more than $10,000".
      1954 - Act Sept. 3, 1954, inserted conspiracy provisions.

-End-



-CITE-
    18 USC Sec. 2156                                            01/03/2007

-EXPCITE-
    TITLE 18 - CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
    PART I - CRIMES
    CHAPTER 105 - SABOTAGE

-HEAD-
    Sec. 2156. Production of defective national-defense material,
      national-defense premises, or national-defense utilities

-STATUTE-
      (a) Whoever, with intent to injure, interfere with, or obstruct
    the national defense of the United States, willfully makes,
    constructs, or attempts to make or construct in a defective manner,
    any national-defense material, national-defense premises or
    national-defense utilities, or any tool, implement, machine,
    utensil, or receptacle used or employed in making, producing,
    manufacturing, or repairing any such national-defense material,
    national-defense premises or national-defense utilities, shall be
    fined under this title or imprisoned not more than ten years, or
    both.
      (b) If two or more persons conspire to violate this section, and
    one or more of such persons do any act to effect the object of the
    conspiracy, each of the parties to such conspiracy shall be
    punished as provided in subsection (a) of this section.

-SOURCE-
    (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 800; Sept. 3, 1954, ch. 1261,
    title I, Sec. 105, 68 Stat. 1218; Pub. L. 103-322, title XXXIII,
    Sec. 330016(1)(L), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2147; Pub. L. 104-294,
    title VI, Sec. 601(f)(12), Oct. 11, 1996, 110 Stat. 3500.)


-MISC1-
                       HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES                   
      Based on section 106 of title 50, U.S.C., 1940 ed., War and
    National Defense (Apr. 20, 1918, ch. 59, Sec. 6, as added Nov. 30,
    1940, ch. 926, 54 Stat. 1221).
      Reference to persons causing or procuring was omitted as
    unnecessary in view of definition of "principal" in section 2 of
    this title.
      Words "upon conviction thereof" were omitted as unnecessary,
    since punishment cannot be imposed until a conviction is secured.
      Minor changes were made in phraseology.

                                AMENDMENTS                            
      1996 - Pub. L. 104-294 substituted ", or" for "or" in section
    catchline.
      1994 - Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103-322 substituted "fined under this
    title" for "fined not more than $10,000".
      1954 - Act Sept. 3, 1954, inserted conspiracy provisions.

-End-



-CITE-
    18 USC Sec. 2157                                            01/03/2007

-EXPCITE-
    TITLE 18 - CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
    PART I - CRIMES
    CHAPTER 105 - SABOTAGE

-HEAD-
    Sec. 2157. Repealed.

-MISC1-
    [Sec. 2157. Repealed. Pub. L. 103-322, title XXXIII, Sec.
      330004(13), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2142].
      Section, added June 30, 1953, ch. 175, Sec. 2, 67 Stat. 133,
    related to temporary extension of sections 2153 and 2154 of this
    title.

-End-