MENU TITLE: Teleconference Videotape Participant's.
Guide
Series: OJJDP
Published: Summer 1996
21 pages
41,139 bytes

U.S. Department of Justice
Office of Justice Programs

Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency
Prevention

Participant's Resource Packet for the Effective
Programs for Serious, Violent and Chronic Juvenile
Offenders: An Examination of Three Model
Interventions and Intensive Aftercare Initiatives

National Satellite Teleconference

Teleconference produced by:
Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency
Prevention
U.S. Department of Justice
633 Indiana Avenue, NW
Washington, DC 20531

in association with

Juvenile Justice Telecommunications Assistance
Project
Training Resource Center
Eastern Kentucky University
301 Perkins Building
Richmond, KY 40475-3127

Michael A. Jones, Project Manager 
Juvenile Justice Telecommunications Assistance
Project
606-622-6270

------------------------------

Greetings from OJJDP

The Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency
Prevention (OJJDP) has taken steps in the field of
juvenile justice to ensure that the provision of
training and information is delivered in a timely,
effective and efficient manner. OJJDP believes that
one of the most promising and innovative approaches
includes telecommunication technology. Through
today's satellite teleconference, OJJDP hopes to
present a small, but critical component outlined
and discussed in the Comprehensive Strategy for
Serious, Violent, and Chronic Juvenile Offenders
regarding effective programming and aftercare
initiatives for the target population.

OJJDP's Comprehensive Strategy provides a framework
for strategic responses at the community, city,
state, and national levels. The results of an
intensive review of programs, along with the
findings of 15 years of careful research point the
way toward an understanding of the crucial elements
of success in graduated sanctions programs for
young offenders.  A number of past and current
programs across the country have achieved credible
results using some combination of these crucial
elements. It can be said with confidence that some
programs do work when they are carefully conceived,
properly implemented, and provided with enough
resources to do the job they set out to do.

The Florida Environmental Institute's Last Chance
Ranch, the Texas Youth Commission's Capital
Offender Program and the Multi-Systemic Treatment
Approach originally implemented in South Carolina
provide quality examples of high-performing
initiatives that have been empirically validated as
"best practices" in working with serious, violent
and chronic juvenile offenders. Moreover, these
programs combine effective interventions with this
target population which focus upon building
personal accountability for behavior while
providing for public safety. These endeavors are
not alone in working with this target population.
Many excellent graduated sanction programs exist
across the United States. Each program is outlined
in the OJJDP's Guide for Implementing the
Comprehensive Strategy for Serious, Violent, and
Chronic Juvenile Offenders (see below for ordering
information).

The Guide provides the necessary tools and program
information to systematically and comprehensively
address rising violent juvenile crime. Implementing
the Comprehensive Strategy, however, will require a
true national commitment to improving our juvenile
justice system and providing appropriate prevention
and programmatic interventions for our youth. 

We hope that today's teleconference provides you
and your agency some critical and informative ideas
and concepts around which to develop and/or
strengthen serious, violent and chronic youthful
offender programs in your area. In addition, we
encourage you to obtain the relevant OJJDP
documents to supplement this teleconference. Only
through your dedication and commitment can
long-term, positive changes be made to the juvenile
justice system.

We hope you enjoy today's teleconference!

To obtain a free copy of OJJDP's Guide for
Implementing the Comprehensive Strategy for
Serious, Violent, and Chronic Juvenile Offenders,
or for information about online access to the
Guide, write or call: Juvenile Justice
Clearinghouse, PO Box 6000, Rockville, Maryland
20849-6000, 800-638-8736.

------------------------------

This satellite teleconference was developed through
the collaboration and hard work of numerous
individuals and agencies. Special thanks for the
commitment and dedication displayed by each agency
in their involvement. Key contributors include:

Florida Environmental Institute (FEI)
Associated Marine Institutes
5915 Benjamin Center Drive
Tampa, FL 33634

Capital Offender Program (COP)
Texas Youth Commission
4900 North Lamar
PO Box 4260
Austin, TX 78765

Family & Neighborhood Services Project
Multi-Systemic Treatment (MST) Approach
Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences
Medical University of South Carolina
171 Ashley Avenue
Charleston, SC 29425

Institute for Policy Studies
Johns Hopkins University
Wyman Park Building
3400 North Charles Street
Baltimore, MD 21218-2696

National Conference of State Legislatures
1560 Broadway Suite 700
Denver, CO 80202

National Council of Juvenile and Family Court
Judges
PO Box 8970
Reno, NV 89507

------------------------------

Broadcast Objectives

Effective Programs for Serious, Violent and Chronic
Juvenile Offenders: An Examination of Three Model
Interventions and Intensive Aftercare Initiatives
will help . . .

o to provide information concerning unique and
effective intervention strategies with serious,
violent and chronic juvenile offenders in three
highlighted community-based or secure correctional
settings; 
 
o to provide information on the importance of
effective intensive aftercare programs;
 
o to provide a forum for the exchange of ideas
concerning the replication elsewhere of some of the
effective elements of the highlighted programs.

Thank you for your dedication to the nation's
youth!

------------------------------

This document was prepared by the Eastern Kentucky
University Training Resource Center under grant
#95-JN-MU-0001 from the Office of Juvenile Justice
and Delinquency Prevention, Office of Justice
Program, U.S. Department of Justice.

Points of view or opinions stated in this document
are those of the authors and not necessarily
represent the official position or policies of the
U.S. Department of Justice.

The Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency
Prevention is a component of the Office of Justice
Programs, which also includes the Bureau of Justice
Assistance, the Bureau of Justice Statistics, the
National Institute of Justice and the Office for
Victims of Crime.

------------------------------

OJJDP National Satellite Teleconference

Effective Programs for Serious, Violent and Chronic
Juvenile Offenders: An Examination of Three Model
Interventions and Intensive Aftercare Initiatives

Table of Contents

Agenda

Featured Program Overviews
 Florida Environmental Institute (FEI)
 Capital Offender Program (COP)
 Family & Neighborhood Services Project 
  (Multi-Systemic Treatment Approach)

The Importance of Intensive Aftercare

Panelists' Biographical Information

References

------------------------------

OJJDP National Satellite Teleconference

Effective Programs for Serious, Violent and Chronic
Juvenile Offenders: An Examination of Three Model
Interventions and Intensive Aftercare Initiatives

Agenda

October 11, 1995

Broadcast Time

1:30 p.m. (EDT)
12:30 p.m. (CTD)
11:30 a.m. (MDT)
10:30 a.m. (PDT)

The items below are listed in this order:
Activity
Time Length (All times are EDT)
Approximate Time

Pre-Teleconference Activities (Conducted by local
facilitator) 
Pre-teleconference activities should include
familiarization with site surroundings,
introduction of other participants, an introduction
and program overview provided by the site
facilitator, preliminary discussion of issues
surrounding youth care programs for serious,
violent, and chronic juvenile offenders in the
local area, and review of Participant Packet
materials.
30 minutes
1:00-1:30

Test Signal (Effective Programs)
15 minutes
1:15-1:30

Broadcast Begins
1:30

Teleconference Introduction (Bonnie Krasik,
Moderator)
1 minute
1:30-1:31

OJJDP Welcome (Shay Bilchik, Administrator)
1 minute
1:31-1:32

Florida Environmental Institute Introduction
1 minute
1:32-1:33

Overview of Florida Environmental Institute
12 minutes
1:33-1:45

Panel Discussion/Call-In
15 minutes
1:45-2:00

Capital Offender Program Introduction
1 minute
2:00-2:01

Overview of Capital Offender Program
12 minutes
2:01-2:13

Panel Discussion/Call-In
15 minutes
2:13-2:28

Break/Activity
10 minutes
2:28-2:38

Multi-Systemic Treatment Approach Introduction
1 minute
2:38-2:39

Overview of Multi-Systemic Treatment Approach 
12 minutes
2:39-2:51

Panel Discussion/Call-In
16 minutes
2:51-3:07

Aftercare Program Introduction
1 minute
3:07-3:08

Overview of Aftercare Program
5 minutes
3:08-3:13

Panel Discussion/Call-In
15 minutes
3:13-3:28

Upcoming OJJDP Events
1 minute
3:28-3:29

Closing Credits
1 minute
3:29-3:30

Broadcast Ends
3:30

Post-Teleconference Discussion (Conducted by local
facilitator)
Post-teleconference discussion should focus on key
issues discussed in the program. 
30 minutes

------------------------------

OJJDP National Satellite Teleconference

Effective Programs for Serious, Violent and Chronic
Juvenile Offenders: An Examination of Three Model
Interventions and Intensive Aftercare Initiatives

Featured Program Overviews

Florida Environmental Institute

The Florida Environmental Institute (FEI), also
known as "The Last Chance Ranch," targets Florida's
most serious juvenile offenders. It is operated by
Associated Marine Institutes (AMI), a network of
affiliated residential and non-residential programs
that operates in seven States. FEI is located in a
remote area of the Florida Everglades. It has a
capacity of 40 youth--20 in the residential portion
of the program and 20 in the non-residential
aftercare component.

FEI receives two-thirds of its referrals from the
adult justice system. Under Florida law, a juvenile
who has been found guilty as an adult may be
returned to the juvenile justice system for
treatment. FEI-referred youth average 18 prior
offenses and 11.5 prior felonies. Almost two-thirds
(63 percent) are committed for crimes against
persons, the rest for chronic property or drug
offenses.

Although FEI handles serious offenders, it is not a
locked facility. Nevertheless, it is considered a
secure facility because it is in an extremely
remote location completely surrounded by forest and
swamp. This physical isolation, in addition to a
low staff-to-student ratio, protects the publics'
safety.

The average length of participation in FEI is 18
months, with a residential stay of at least 9
months. All but a handful of participants return to
their communities after they have met strict
educational, social, and behavioral objectives.

The FEI philosophy reflects the following
imperatives:

o Treat youth in the least restrictive setting that
is appropriate.

o Focus on education as a means of reducing
recidivism.

o View hard work as therapeutic and a way to
increase vocational skills.

o Employ a system of rewards for positive behavior
and sanctions for inappropriate behavior.

o Promote bonding with staff role models.

o Provide a strong aftercare component.
 
The FEI program begins with a 3-day orientation
program, during which case treatment plans are
established, work projects are assigned, and the
bonding process between staff and students begins.
Phase 1, which emphasizes work and education, has a
low staff-to-student ratio of 3 or 4 to 1. Students
must earn points to move on to the second phase,
where they can participate in paid work projects to
help with restitution payments. Near the end of the
second phase, the program's community coordinator
takes the students back to their communities to
assist aftercare job placement and to work on
rebuilding family relationships. 

In the third phase, students live in the community
but maintain constant contact with the institute.
Aftercare staff, with small caseloads of six,
contact the students at least four times per week.
They assist with job searches, family problems, and
other issues. The youth must adhere to a strict
curfew. If they break curfew or engage in criminal
activity, they are returned to the residential part
of the program. 

Outcome data on a sample of 21 FEI graduates are
quite promising. A 3-year follow-up study found
that only one-third of the sample were convicted of
new crimes during this extended period. While no
control group was used in this study making it
difficult to assess program effectiveness, studies
of training school releases indicate must higher
recidivism rates--50 to 70 percent.

Program cost data indicate that $114 is expended
per day for each juvenile in the FEI initiative.
This compares favorable to the $109 per day in
Florida's state institutions.

Capital Offender Program

The Capital Offender Program (COP) at Giddings
State Home and School in Texas, began in 1988, as
an innovative group treatment program for juveniles
committed for homicide. It is an intensive, 16-week
program involving a group of eight juveniles and
two or three staff members in a secure setting. The
group meets twice a week for approximately 3 hours
each session. Recently, a residential treatment
component has been added to COP wherein the eight
students live together in the same cottage until
their release. Most program participants are
incarcerated at Giddings for an average of 2 1/2 to
3 years.

Youth must meet four criteria to be eligible for
the COP program:

o They must be committed for homicide (capital
murder, murder, or voluntary manslaughter).

o They must have been at Giddings for at least 12
months and have at least 6 months remaining on
their sentences.

o They must be at either a senior or pre-release
level at Giddings.

o They cannot be diagnosed as psychotic or mentally
retarded, or have a pervasive developmental
disorder.

The primary goals of the COP program are to promote
verbal expression of feelings, to foster empathy
for victims, to create a sense of personal
responsibility and to decrease feelings of
hostility and aggression.

The COP treatment approach focuses on groups
psychotherapy with an emphasis on role-playing. In
addition to role-playing their life stories,
participants role-play their homicidal offense,
re-enacting the crime first from the perpetrators'
perspective and then from the victim's.

Two COP groups run concurrently, each led by a
Ph.D.-level psychologist and a master's-level
therapist. Psychologists are also available for
individual counseling should a student have
emotional reactions requiring more intensive
support. COP psychologists receive extra training
before participating in the program.

COP has been rigorously evaluated by the Texas
Youth Commission to determine both in-program
effects on personality measures and post-release
outcomes. While in the program, youth displayed
significant changes in the following areas:

o Levels of hostility and aggression.

o Extent of internal control and ability to assume
responsibility.

o Degree of empathy for their victims.

To assess COP's impact on recidivism, the
evaluators compared COP participants' rearrest and
reconviction rates at 1- and 3-year intervals after
release with those of a control group of untreated
capital offenders. The control group consisted of
youth who were not served by the program because of
space limitations.

At 1 year after release, the COP participants
(n=51) showed a significantly lower rearrest rate
than the control youth (n=77), 22 percent versus 40
percent, as well as a lower rate of
reincarceration, 0 percent versus 13 percent. After
3 years, however, these differences disappeared.
COP youth (n=17) had rearrest rates nearly equal to
those of control youth (n=23), 35 percent compared
with 39 percent. Also, they were not significantly
less likely to be reincarcerated, 6 percent versus
22 percent. Still, both the in-program changes and
the short term impact on recidivism suggest that
COP should be considered a promising strategy for
violent offenders.

The state-operated COP program costs $75 per day,
per juvenile, to maintain.

Family and Neighborhood Services Project
(Multi-Systemic Treatment)

The Family and Neighborhood Services (FANS) project
is a public program in South Carolina that employs
the principles of "multisystemic" therapy, a
"highly individualized family and home-based
treatment," designed to deal with offenders in the
context of their family and community problems
(Henggeler et al., 1992). Based in a community
mental health center, the program represents a
cooperative effort between the State's Department
of Youth Services and Department of Mental Health,
FANS attempts to avoid the institutionalization of
seriously troubled youth.  The program is rooted in
a developmental model derived partly from Urie
Bronfenbrenner's "ecological" approach--the idea
that the adolescent is "nested" in a series of
institutions (family, school, peers, and community)
and that work with the youth must involve several
or all of these institutions, hence multisystemic.

Youth referred to FANS from the Department of Youth
Services were at imminent risk of out-of-home
placement because of the seriousness of their
offense histories. They averaged 3.5 previous
arrests and 9.5 weeks of previous incarceration.
Over half had at least one arrest for a violent
crime, including manslaughter, assault with intent
to kill, and aggravated assault. Seventy-seven
percent of the sample were male, and 56 percent
were African-American. More than one-quarter lived
with neither biological parent.

The program employed therapists with master's
degrees who were assigned small caseloads of four
families each. The therapists worked with the
families on average for just over four months.
Treatment integrity was maintained through a brief
training program in the principles of multisystemic
therapy and regular supervision and feedback from
the programs' directors. The caseworkers were
available on a 24-hour basis and saw the juvenile
and the family as often as once daily, most often
in the juvenile's home.

The project was evaluated using a random-assignment
design that compared program participants with
youth who received the regular services provided by
the Department of Youth Services. The latter youth
received normal probation treatment, including at
least once-monthly visits with probation officers;
some who did not comply with probation orders were
sent to institutions. Though many of the "usual
services" youth were referred by DYS for mental
health services, few substantive services were
delivered because of the relative lack of serious
alternative programs in the community (Henggeler et
al., 1992, p. 955).

The evaluation findings were very encouraging
despite considerable attrition, especially in the
usual services group. Fifty-nine weeks after the
initial referral, there were significant positive
differences in incarceration, arrests, and
self-reported offenses between FANS and control
youth. FANS participants had slightly more than
half as many arrests as the usual services control
youth: 68 percent of control youth experienced some
incarceration compared with 20 percent of the FANS
group.

FANS youth had no arrests compared with 38 percent
of control youth. These findings were reinforced by
self-report measures and by favorable changes among
the FANS group regarding family cohesion and
reduced aggression with peers.

Moreover, there effects were found equally among
youth of varying ethnic backgrounds and both
genders, as well as among youth with differing
arrest and incarceration histories. The results are
particularly noteworthy because the referred youth
were serious offenders who, with their families,
"presented extremely serious and long-standing
problems" (Henggeler et al., 1992, p. 958). Even
given the intensity of the intervention, costs were
relatively low, averaging $2,800 per client for a
period of several months, compared with more than
$16,000 for the usual course of
institutionalization in South Carolina.

The Importance of Intensive Aftercare

The history of failure in efforts by youth
corrections to normalize the long-term behavior of
delinquent youth returning to their home
communities from secure confinement is well-known
and has been extensively documented. A variety of
reasons including inadequate resources and the
related paucity of innovative programming
initiative in aftercare, organizational complexity
of the system than hinders vital communication and
collective decision making, difficulties inherent
in coordinating and following up the movement of
juvenile offenders across the institution/community
boundary, and the resistance of highly
criminalized, chronic delinquents at the system's
deep-end to all intervention and stabilization
strategies, have all been offered as practical
explanations for lack of success. In spite of
previous best efforts, there are clear and
widespread indications of poor performance by these
adolescents once they reenter the community, as
well as a wealth of documentation in the official
records of unacceptable levels of re-offending
behavior and alarmingly high rates of recidivism
back into the juvenile justice system.

Research has increasingly shown that this pattern
of failure by juvenile parolees to adjust following
release is disproportionately found among a smaller
subgroup of released youth who establish a long
record of misconduct that has tended to begin at an
early age--and often involving quite serous,
sometimes violent offenses. Not only do such
"high-risk" youth exhibit a persistent pattern of
juvenile system contact (e.g., arrests,
adjudications, placements), but they are also
plagued by a number of other needs-related risk
factors frequently involving a combination of
problems associated with family, negative peer
influence, school difficulties, and substance
abuse. This profile suggests the need for
multi-modal, interagency collaborations to respond
to the array of problems and needs being exhibited
by this population.

Although many of the initial initiatives in this
arena were predominately if not exclusively
surveillance-centered, more recent experiments in
both juvenile intensive aftercare and probation
have become much more sensitive to the necessity to
direct increased attention to the provision of
services and individualized treatment. At both the
levels of theory and practice, these models are
driven by a public safety concern for providing
highly structured and potentially quite intrusive
monitoring. At the same time, they are grounded in
a treatment ideology that espouses the utilization
of more specialized and intensified types of
service and resource provision. The IAP
demonstrations are intended to test out the
practicality and efficacy of just such a model in
Colorado, Nevada, New Jersey and Virginia.

Excerpted from Aftercare in the Juvenile Justice
System: New Trends and Programs. Perspectives,
Summer 1995, by D. Altschuler and T. Armstrong.

------------------------------

OJJDP National Satellite Teleconference

Effective Programs for Serious, Violent and Chronic
Juvenile Offenders: An Examination of Three Model
Interventions and Intensive Aftercare Initiatives

Panelists' Biographical Information

Shay Bilchik, Administrator, Office of Juvenile
Justice and Delinquency Prevention, Washington, DC

Shay Bilchik was confirmed by the United States
Senate as Administrator, Office of Juvenile Justice
and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) in the
Department of Justice on October 7, 1994, and sworn
in on October 11, 1994. He previously served as
associate Deputy Attorney General in the Office of
the Deputy Attorney General. 

As Administrator, Mr. Bilchik is responsible for
the agency congressionally mandated to lead the
effort to address the public safety issues of
juvenile crime and youth victimization. OJJDP
leadership responsibilities include: identifying
effective strategies for addressing juvenile crime
through research; coordinating, implementing and
supporting effective programs and encouraging
innovative approaches to deal with existing and
emerging juvenile justice issues; developing
priorities and goals and setting policies to guide
federal juvenile justice issues; providing
technical assistance and training to essential
components of the juvenile justice system; and
dissemination of information on juvenile justice
trends, programs and new approaches.
 
Mr. Bilchik began his career in 1977 as an
Assistant State Attorney for the 11th Judicial
Circuit of Florida in Miami. In 1979, he was
promoted to Juvenile Division Chief and later to
Deputy Chief Assistant for Administration. In 1985,
he became the Chief Assistant for Administration
and was responsible for administering an office of
over 200 attorneys. He had direct supervision over
juvenile prosecution programs including those
involving prosecution of juveniles as adults in the
Criminal Division. He also established and directed
the Child Advocacy Center, which is a
multi-disciplinary intake unit for cases involving
victims of child abuse.
 
As a prosecutor, Mr. Bilchik served as the
coordinator of a number of special programs
including the Police-Juvenile Prosecutor Liaison
and the School-Juvenile Prosecutor Liaison
Projects. He has lectured extensively on juvenile
justice issues and served on the faculty of the
National Council of Juvenile and Family Court
Judges. In addition, he was the author of the Court
Handbook for Dade County Lawyers, Juvenile Practice
Section, 1980 and "Prosecuting Juveniles in
Criminal Courts--An Empirical Analysis," 1984.
 
Mr. Bilchik has served on numerous task forces and
advisory committees dealing with juvenile
delinquency and drug abuse issues. He was also
involved in the drafting of a number of juvenile
justice and child abuse legislative proposals in
the State of Florida.
 
Mr. Bilchik received his education at the
University of Florida where he earned his B.S.B.A.
degree in 1975 and his J.D. in 1977. He and his
wife Susan have two children--Melissa age 13 and
Zachary age 11.

Philip Adams, Executive Director, Florida

Environmental Institute (The Last Chance Ranch)
In 1978, as a charter boat captain and SCUBA diving
instructor, Philip Adams began his career working
with juveniles while building artificial reefs
offshore the Florida panhandle. Since then, he has
enjoyed an illustrious 17 years working in all
aspects of the Associated Marine Institutes'
programs for juveniles. He is currently the
Executive Director of the Last Chance Ranch, AMI's
program for Florida's most violent teenage
offenders. Located in a remote and swampy location
in Florida's interior, the Ranch is home to 25 boys
who range in age from 14-18 years old. Their crimes
have put them on the verge of serious time in an
adult prison. This is truly their "Last Chance."
Boasting one of the highest success rates in the
nation "The Ranch" has been touted, in several
recent broadcast on national TV, as a genuine
solution to the escalating problems in violent
juvenile crime.
 
"Instilling values and morals in our young people
is the key!" says Mr. Adams. "We run the ranch like
a good family would. The young men are taught
respect and discipline through a strict but loving
environment. They work hard everyday, they improve
their education, and they go bed at night tired but
feeling good about what they've accomplished."
 
Mr. Adams hopes to share his old fashioned common
sense approach to solving today's dangerous teenage
crime problems. "It's a much more complicated world
today, but kids still need to feel loved, they need
to feel empowered to control their lives, and they
need a job!"
 
David Altschuler, Ph.D., Principal Research

Scientist, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
Dr. Altschuler is Principal Research Scientist at
the Johns Hopkins Institute for Policy Studies and
holds a joint appointment in the Sociology
Department. Dr. Altschuler has a doctorate in
social service administration and a master's degree
in urban studies from the University of Chicago.
His work focuses on youth crime, juvenile justice
sanctioning and aftercare; privatization in youth
corrections; and drug involvement and crime among
inner-city youth.
 
Dr. Altschuler is currently Project Director and
Co-Principal Investigator of an OJJDP funded
research and development project, which has
developed a model of intensive aftercare for the
high-risk juvenile parolee being released from
secure correctional facilities.
 
Corinne Alvarez-Sanders, Ph.D., Director, Capital
Offender Program, Giddings State School

Dr. Corinne Alvarez-Sanders has over eleven years
of clinical experience working with children,
adolescents, and adults with severe personality
disorders, psychiatric disturbances, conduct
disorders, neuropsychological deficits, and
chemical dependencies. She has worked in inpatient
psychiatric hospital facilities, outpatient
psychiatric and chemical dependency treatment
facilities, as well as institutions for
court-ordered juvenile offenders. She was employed
as a staff psychologist for the Texas Youth
Commission from July 1992 to August 1993 in the
facility for the most violent juvenile offenders in
the state of Texas, Giddings State School. 

Since August 1993, Dr. Alvarez-Sanders has served
as Chief Psychologist and Director of Clinical
Treatment at Giddings State School. Her duties
include clinical supervision of the psychology
department, program development, supervision of
specialized treatment programs, including the
Capital Offender Group as well as overseeing other
specialized programs at the facility such as the
Sex Offender Treatment Program, Chemical Dependency
Treatment Program, Biofeedback, Anger Management
groups, Intensive Resocialization Program for
offenders with chronic and serious aggression, as
well as the general resocialization program. She
has presented at numerous state and national
conferences on the treatment of homicidal youth,
origins of homicide, prevention, and the Capital
Offender Group Program at Giddings State School.
She has been actively involved in program
development and public relations with national and
international media regarding the topics of
juvenile homicide and efforts to rehabilitate
violent juvenile offenders.
 
Honorable Glenda Hatchett, Juvenile Court Judge,
Atlanta, Georgia

Judge Glenda Hatchett (formerly Judge Glenda
Hatchett Johnson) assumed the position of Chief
Presiding Judge of the Fulton County Juvenile Court
in Atlanta on March 1, 1991. A graduate of Emory
University School of Law in Georgia and of Mount
Holyoke College in Massachusetts, Judge Hatchett
was originally appointed to the court on October 1,
1990. She is Georgia's first African-American chief
presiding judge of a state court, as well as
department head of one of the largest juvenile
court systems in the nation, which includes Atlanta
and nine other municipalities. Judge Hatchett is
admitted to the bar in both Georgia and the
District of Columbia.
 
After her first year on the bench, Judge Hatchett
was selected by the National Bar Association's
local affiliate as the Outstanding Jurist of the
Year for her innovative leadership in
revolutionizing the Fulton County Juvenile Court
system with public and private partnership
initiatives. Judge Hatchett envisioned an early
intervention program for unruly and ungovernable
children providing services to the children and
their families to prevent the children from
eventually becoming delinquent; the Truancy Project
is a collaborative effort among attorney volunteers
and the court that continues to be a success. In
addition, Judge Hatchett worked closely with
President Jimmy Carter on the Atlanta Project--an
unprecedented community effort to attack the social
problems associated with poverty in urban areas.
 
Judge Hatchett was the Governor's appointee to the
Georgia Children and Youth Coordinating Council and
is a member of the Advisory Board of the Morehouse
School of Medicine's Center for Child Abuse and
Neglect. She is a member of the American Bar
Association, the Gate City Bar Association, and the
Executive Committee for the Judicial Section of the
Atlanta Bar Association.
 
Committed to her involvement in the community,
Judge Hatchett has served on the National Board of
Directors for Girls, Inc., and the Board of
Trustees of the Children's Museum of Atlanta. She
is a member of the Advisory Board for the BCCC of
the Children's Defense Fund and the Board of
Directors for the Metro Atlanta YMCA. Judge
Hatchett is active with the George Council of
Juvenile Court Judges.
 
Scott W. Henggeler, Ph.D., Family and Neighborhood
Services Project

Dr. Scott W. Henggeler is Professor of Psychiatry
and Behavioral Sciences and Director of the Family
Services Research Center at the Medical University
of South Carolina. He has published more than 125
journal articles, book chapters, and books; and he
is on the editorial board of several journals.
Recent volumes include Delinquency in Adolescence,
Family Behavior Problems of Children and
Adolescents (with C.M. Borduin), and Innovative
Services for "Difficult to Treat" Populations (with
A. Santos).
 
Much of Dr. Henggeler's research concerns serious
antisocial behavior in adolescence and the
development of effective treatments for such
behavior. In collaboration with several colleagues,
he has developed the theoretical rationale and
intervention procedures for multisystemic therapy,
a family- and home-based treatment that has proven
effective in studies of inner-city juvenile
offenders and abusive and neglectful families in
Memphis; adolescent chronic offenders and sexual
offenders in Columbia, Missouri; and violent and
chronic juvenile offenders in Greenville, South
Carolina.  Currently, Dr. Henggeler is conducting a
NIDA-funded evaluation of the effectiveness of
multisystemic therapy with substance abusing
delinquents; a NIMH-funded, multi-site study of the
diffusion of multisystematic family preservation
services for violent and chronic delinquents; and a
NIMH-funded evaluation of a family-based
alternative to psychiatric hospitalization of youth
in crisis. His social policy interests include the
development and validation of innovative methods of
mental health service for disadvantaged children
and their families, and efforts for redistributing
mental health resources to services that preserve
family integrity and are clinically effective.
 
Bonnie Krasik (Moderator), NBC affiliate WLEX-TV,
Lexington, Kentucky

Ms. Krasik is the Managing Editor of WLEX-TV in
Lexington, Kentucky, where she coordinates the
day-to-day operations of a 60-person newsroom.
Before moving into management, she was an on-air
anchor and special assignment reporter for 13 years
during which time she anchored an produced the
top-rated "Kentucky Sunrise" morning program.
 
Ms. Krasik does free-lance work for Kentucky
Educational Television, and has hosted all three
OJJDP satellite teleconferences.
 
Representative Bill Purcell, House Majority Leader,
Tennessee General Assembly
Representing the National Conference of State
Legislatures.

Representative Bill Purcell of East Nashville, is
House Majority Leader for the Tennessee General
Assembly, a position that has put him at the
forefront of a host of reforms in education,
sentencing, health care, and workers compensation
over the past four years. During his brief tenure,
Tennessee has twice been ranked the "best managed
state" in the country.
 
Representative Purcell represents the 52nd District
which encompasses East Nashville. Representative
Purcell was first elected to the House of
Representatives in the 95th General Assembly and is
now serving his fifth term. Throughout his eight
years in the House, Representative Purcell has
placed a special emphasis on legislation affecting
Tennessee's families and children. As chairman of
the Select Committee on Children and Youth during
the last six years, he has steered legislation
through the General Assembly to provide maternity
leave, create America's first statewide family
preservation program, established the Department of
Youth Development, discouraged high school dropouts
and promoted Family Resource Centers in Tennessee
schools.
 
He is the first urban legislator elected Majority
Leader of the Tennessee House of Representatives. 
 
During his years as majority leader, Representative
Purcell has sponsored and passed legislation
undertaking major reforms in Tennessee's schools,
courtrooms, industrial plants and board rooms,
hospitals and voting booths. He led the two year
effort to pass the Education Improvement Act
creating 21st Century classrooms in schools across
the state.
 
In the last session of the legislature he turned
his attention to reforms in the criminal justice
system and passed the first legislation ever to
provide truth-in-sentencing in Tennessee. He
sponsored the "two strikes and you're in" bill.

------------------------------

References

Altschuler, David M. and Troy L. Armstrong. 1995.
"Aftercare in the Juvenile Justice System: New
Trends and Programs," Perspectives, vol. 19, no. 3.

Altschuler, David M. and Troy L. Armstrong. 1995.
"Managing Aftercare Services for Delinquents," in
Barry Glick and Arnold P. Goldstein (eds.),
Managing Delinquency Programs that Work, Laurel,
MD: American Correctional Association. 
 
Altschuler, David M. and Troy L. Armstrong. 1994a.
"Intensive Aftercare for High-Risk Juveniles: A
Community Care Model." Program Summary. Washington,
D.C.: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency
Prevention. NCJ 147575. Free.
 
Altschuler, David M. and Troy L. Armstrong. 1994b.
"Intensive Aftercare for High-Risk Juveniles:
Policies and Procedures." Program Summary.
Washington, D.C.: Office of Juvenile Justice and
Delinquency Prevention. NCJ 147712. Free.
 
Altschuler, David M. and Troy L. Armstrong. 1994c.
"Intensive Aftercare for High-Risk Juveniles: An
Assessment."  Washington, D.C.: Office of Juvenile
Justice and Delinquency Prevention. NCJ 144018.
$15.00 (U.S.); $19.50 (other countries).
 
Altschuler, David M. and Troy L. Armstrong. 1994.
"Tough and Smart Juvenile Incarceration:
Reintegrating Punishment, Deterrence and
Rehabilitation," St. Louis University Public Law
Review, vol. 14, no. 1.
 
Altschuler, David M. and Troy L. Armstrong. 1991.
"Intensive Aftercare for High-Risk Juvenile
Parolee: Issues and Approaches in Reintegration and
Community Supervision," with Troy L. Armstrong in
Troy L. Armstrong (ed.), Intensive Interventions
with High-Risk Youths: Promising Approaches in
Juvenile Probation and Parole, Monsey, NY: Criminal
Justice Press. 
 
Armstrong, Troy L. and David M. Altschuler. 1994.
"Recent Developments in Programming for High-Risk
Juvenile Parolees: Assessment Findings and Program
Prototype Development," in Albert R. Roberts (ed.),
Critical Issues in Crime and Justice, Newbury Park,
CA: Sage Publications, Inc. 
 
Howell, J.C. (ed.) 1995. Guide for Implementing the
Comprehensive Strategy for Serious, Violent, and
Chronic Juvenile Offenders. Washington, DC: Office
of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention,
U.S. Department of Justice.
 
Wilson, J.J. and J.C. Howell. 1993. A Comprehensive
Strategy for Serious, Violent and Chronic Juvenile
Offenders.  Washington, DC: Office of Juvenile
Justice and Delinquency Prevention, U.S. Department
of Justice.

Documents listed with an NCJ number may be obtained
by calling or writing:

Juvenile Justice Clearinghouse
PO Box 6000
Rockville, Maryland 20849-6000
800-638-8736

For information on any OJJDP-related program,
contact:

Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency
Prevention
Shay Bilchik, Administrator
633 Indiana Avenue, NW
Washington, DC 20531