Metadata:
  Identification_Information:
    Citation:
      Citation_Information:
        Originator: Priya Nanjappa, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center
        Originator: Laura (Leininger) Blackburn, Ball State University
        Originator: Dr. Michael J. Lannoo, Ph.D., Indiana University School of Medicine
        Publication_Date: 200204
        Title: Current Distributions of Selected Amphibians in the United States
        Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Database
        Publication_Information:
          Publication_Place: Reston, VA
          Publisher: National Atlas of the United States
        Online_Linkage: <http://nationalatlas.gov/atlasftp.html?openChapters=chpbio#chpbio>

    Description:
      Abstract:
        This data set portrays the distribution of 10 selected amphibians in
        the United States, based on historical literature and museum records
        from current and historical sources.
      Purpose:
        These data are intended for geographic display and analysis at the
        national level, and for large regional areas.  The data should be
        displayed and analyzed at scales appropriate for 1:2,000,000-scale
        data.  No responsibility is assumed by the National Atlas of the United
        States in the use of these data.

      Supplemental_Information:
        To create maps that are similar to the maps in the National Atlas Map
        Maker, <http://nationalatlas.gov/natlas/Natlasstart.asp>, amphibt.dbf can
        be joined to the 2000 county boundaries available from the National Atlas
        raw data download page,
        <http://nationalatlas.gov/atlasftp.html?openChapters=chpbound#chpbound>.

    Time_Period_of_Content:
      Time_Period_Information:
        Range_of_Dates/Times:
          Beginning_Date: 1941
          Ending_Date: 2000
      Currentness_Reference: Ground condition
    Status:
      Progress: Complete
      Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed
    Spatial_Domain:
      Bounding_Coordinates:
        West_Bounding_Coordinate: 170
        East_Bounding_Coordinate: -64
        North_Bounding_Coordinate: 72
        South_Bounding_Coordinate: 17
    Keywords:
      Theme:
        Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
        Theme_Keyword: biota
      Theme:
        Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
        Theme_Keyword: Amphibians
        Theme_Keyword: Frogs
        Theme_Keyword: Toads
        Theme_Keyword: Salamanders
        Theme_Keyword: Newts
        Theme_Keyword: Treefrogs
        Theme_Keyword: Mudpuppies
        Theme_Keyword: Distribution
      Theme:
        Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus:
          Crother, B.I., J. Boundy, J.A. Campbell, K. de Queiroz, D.R. Frost,
          R. Highton, J.B. Iverson, P.A. Meylan, T.W. Reeder, M.E. Seidel,
          J.W. Sites, Jr., T.W. Taggart, S.G. Tilley, and D.B. Wake.  2000.
          Scientific and Standard English Names of Amphibians and Reptiles of
          North America North of Mexico, with Comments Regarding Confidence in
          Our Understanding.  SSAR Herpetological Circular No. 29, Society for
          the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, St. Louis, Missouri.  82 pp.
        Theme_Keyword: Bufonidae
        Theme_Keyword: Bufo americanus
        Theme_Keyword: American toad
        Theme_Keyword: Hylidae
        Theme_Keyword: Acris crepitans
        Theme_Keyword: northern cricket frog
        Theme_Keyword: cricket frog
        Theme_Keyword: Hyla versicolor
        Theme_Keyword: gray treefrog
        Theme_Keyword: Hyla chrysoscelis
        Theme_Keyword: Copes gray treefrog
        Theme_Keyword: Pseudacris crucifer
        Theme_Keyword: spring peeper
        Theme_Keyword: Plethodontidae
        Theme_Keyword: Plethodon cinereus
        Theme_Keyword: red-backed salamander
        Theme_Keyword: eastern red-backed salamander
        Theme_Keyword: redback salamander
        Theme_Keyword: Eurycea bislineata
        Theme_Keyword: northern two-lined salamander
        Theme_Keyword: two-lined salamander
        Theme_Keyword: Proteidae
        Theme_Keyword: Necturus maculosus
        Theme_Keyword: mudpuppy
        Theme_Keyword: Salamandridae
        Theme_Keyword: Notophthalmus viridescens
        Theme_Keyword: eastern newt
        Theme_Keyword: red-spotted newt
        Theme_Keyword: Sirenidae
        Theme_Keyword: Siren intermedia
        Theme_Keyword: western lesser siren

      Place:
        Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
        Place_Keyword: United States
        Place_Keyword: Alabama
        Place_Keyword: Alaska
        Place_Keyword: Arizona
        Place_Keyword: Arkansas
        Place_Keyword: California
        Place_Keyword: Colorado
        Place_Keyword: Connecticut
        Place_Keyword: Delaware
        Place_Keyword: District of Columbia
        Place_Keyword: Florida
        Place_Keyword: Georgia
        Place_Keyword: Hawaii
        Place_Keyword: Idaho
        Place_Keyword: Illinois
        Place_Keyword: Indiana
        Place_Keyword: Iowa
        Place_Keyword: Kansas
        Place_Keyword: Kentucky
        Place_Keyword: Louisiana
        Place_Keyword: Maine
        Place_Keyword: Maryland
        Place_Keyword: Massachusetts
        Place_Keyword: Michigan
        Place_Keyword: Minnesota
        Place_Keyword: Mississippi
        Place_Keyword: Missouri
        Place_Keyword: Montana
        Place_Keyword: Nebraska
        Place_Keyword: Nevada
        Place_Keyword: New Hampshire
        Place_Keyword: New Jersey
        Place_Keyword: New Mexico
        Place_Keyword: New York
        Place_Keyword: North Carolina
        Place_Keyword: North Dakota
        Place_Keyword: Ohio
        Place_Keyword: Oklahoma
        Place_Keyword: Oregon
        Place_Keyword: Pennsylvania
        Place_Keyword: Rhode Island
        Place_Keyword: South Carolina
        Place_Keyword: South Dakota
        Place_Keyword: Tennessee
        Place_Keyword: Texas
        Place_Keyword: Utah
        Place_Keyword: Vermont
        Place_Keyword: Virginia
        Place_Keyword: Washington
        Place_Keyword: West Virginia
        Place_Keyword: Wisconsin
        Place_Keyword: Wyoming
        Place_Keyword: USA

    Access_Constraints: None
    Use_Constraints:
      None.  Acknowledgment of the primary sources used to acquire these data
      and (or) the National Atlas of the United States of America is
      appreciated in products derived from these data.

    Point_of_Contact:
      Contact_Information:
        Contact_Person_Primary:
          Contact_Person: Priya Nanjappa
          Contact_Organization: USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center
        Contact_Address:
          Address_Type: Mailing address
          Address: 12100 Beech Forest Road
          City: Laurel
          State_or_Province: MD
          Postal_Code: 20708
        Contact_Voice_Telephone: 301-497-5811
        Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: priya_nanjappa@usgs.gov

    Native_Data_Set_Environment:
      Microsoft Excel97 converted to dBASE IV for the National Atlas of the
      United States of America.

  Data_Quality_Information:
    Logical_Consistency_Report: No checks for topological consistency were performed on this data set.
    Completeness_Report:
      This data set includes distribution data for 10 species of amphibians in
      the fifty United States and the District of Columbia.

    Lineage:
      Source_Information:
        Source_Citation:
          Citation_Information:
            Originator: Ball State University and Indiana University School of Medicine
            Publication_Date: 2000
            Title: Distributional History of Selected U.S. Amphibians
            Other_Citation_Details:
              A complete source bibliography is included as a text file bundled
              with the downloadable data.  The file is called
              atlas_amphib_sources.txt.
        Type_of_Source_Media: Electronic mail system
        Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
          Time_Period_Information:
            Range_of_Dates/Times:
              Beginning_Date: 1941
              Ending_Date: 2000
          Source_Currentness_Reference: Ground condition
        Source_Contribution: Spatial and attribute information
        Source_Citation_Abbreviation: amphibian_data
      Process_Step:
        Process_Description:
          The Microsoft Excel97 file, amphibian_data, containing fields for
          State, county, FIPS code, species status and data source information
          was received from Ball State University and modified by USGS Patuxent
          Wildlife Research Center.  The file contained information about the
          distribution of 10 species of amphibians.  Amphibian_data was
          converted to a text file and then into a dBASE IV database which is
          the format used by the National Atlas of the United States.
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: amphibian_data
        Process_Date: 2000

  Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
    Indirect_Spatial_Reference:
      U.S. Department of Commerce, 1987, Codes for the Identification of the
      States, the District of Columbia and the Outlying Areas of the United
      States, and Associated Areas (FIPS 5-2): Washington, DC, National
      Institute of Standards and Technology.

      U.S. Department of Commerce, 1990, Counties and Equivalent Entities of
      the United States, Its Possessions, and Associated Areas (FIPS 6-4):
      Washington, DC, National Institute of Standards and Technology.

  Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
    Detailed_Description:
      Entity_Type:
        Entity_Type_Label: Amphibian distribution.
        Entity_Type_Definition: Distribution of amphibians in the United States, by county.
        Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Ball State University and Indiana University School of Medicine
      Attribute:
        Attribute_Label: State
        Attribute_Definition:
          The two-character abbreviation for the name of the State in which the
          county is located.
        Attribute_Definition_Source: National Atlas of the United States
        Attribute_Domain_Values:
          Codeset_Domain:
            Codeset_Name:
              Codes for the Identification of the States, the District of
              Columbia and the Outlying Areas of the United States, and
              Associated Areas; (Federal Information Processing Standard
              (FIPS) 5-2): Washington, DC, National Institute of Standards and
              Technology.
            Codeset_Source: U.S. Department of Commerce
      Attribute:
        Attribute_Label: County
        Attribute_Definition: The name of the county or county equivalent.
        Attribute_Definition_Source: National Atlas of the United States
        Attribute_Domain_Values:
          Codeset_Domain:
            Codeset_Name:
              Counties and Equivalent Entities of the United States, Its
              Possessions, and Associated Areas, FIPS 6-4, 1990.
            Codeset_Source:
              U.S. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and
              Technology
      Attribute:
        Attribute_Label: Fips
        Attribute_Definition: The State and county FIPS code for the county.
        Attribute_Definition_Source: National Atlas of the United States
        Attribute_Domain_Values:
          Codeset_Domain:
            Codeset_Name:
              Counties and Equivalent Entities of the United States, Its
              Possessions, and Associated Areas, FIPS 6-4, 1990
            Codeset_Source:
              U.S. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and
              Technology
      Attribute:
        Attribute_Label: XXXXXX
        Attribute_Definition:
          Presence data for the amphibian species XXXXXX, where XXXXXX
          represents the species name:
          > XXXXXX    Amphibian species
          >-------------------------------------------------------------
          > Ac_cre    Acris crepitans (northern cricket frog)
          > Bu_ame    Bufo americanus (American toad)
          > Hy_chr    Hyla chrysoscelis (Cope's gray treefrog)
          > Hy_ver    Hyla vericolor  (gray treefrog
          > No_vir    Notophthalmus viridescens (eastern newt)
          > Pl_cin    Plethodon cinereus (eastern red-backed salamander)
          > Eu_bis    Eurycea bislineata (northern two-lined salamander)
          > Ne_mac    Necturus maculosus (mudpuppy)
          > Si_int    Siren intermedia (western lesser siren)
          > Ps_cru    Pseudacris crucifer (spring peeper)
          >
        Attribute_Definition_Source: National Atlas of the United States
        Attribute_Domain_Values:
          Enumerated_Domain:
            Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0
            Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
              The amphibian species may be absent from the county; no survey
              data are available for the county and no voucher (museum
              specimen, collection, or confirmed sighting) data is known to
              exist for the county.
            Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Ball State University and Indiana University School of Medicine
          Enumerated_Domain:
            Enumerated_Domain_Value: 1
            Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
              The amphibian species is believed present in the county and (or)
              is assumed present in the county but no current publication
              information or recent confirmed sightings, photographs, or
              collections of live animals are known to exist for the county.
            Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Ball State University and Indiana University School of Medicine
          Enumerated_Domain:
            Enumerated_Domain_Value: 2
            Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
              The amphibian species is believed present in the county and has
              been documented by the existence of museum voucher specimens, the
              collection of live animals or animal tissue from live animals, or
              the existence of photographs or photographic vouchers of live
              animals from the county.
            Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Ball State University and Indiana University School of Medicine

  Distribution_Information:
    Distributor:
      Contact_Information:
        Contact_Organization_Primary:
          Contact_Organization: Earth Science Information Center, U.S. Geological Survey
        Contact_Address:
          Address_Type: Mailing address
          Address: 507 National Center
          City: Reston
          State_or_Province: VA
          Postal_Code: 20192
        Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS (1-888-275-8747)
        Contact_Voice_Telephone: 703-648-5920
        Contact_Instructions:
          In addition to the address above there are other ESIC offices
          throughout the country.  A full list of these offices is at
          <http://ask.usgs.gov/esic_index.html>.
    Distribution_Liability:
      Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system
      at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made
      regarding the accuracy or utility of the data on any other system or for
      general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution
      constitute any such warranty.  This disclaimer applies both to individual
      use of the data and aggregate use with other data.  It is strongly
      recommended that these data are directly acquired from a U.S. Geological
      Survey server, and not indirectly through other sources which may have
      changed the data in some way.  No responsibility is assumed by the U.S.
      Geological Survey in the use of these data.
    Standard_Order_Process:
      Digital_Form:
        Digital_Transfer_Information:
          Format_Name: DBF
        Digital_Transfer_Option:
          Online_Option:
            Computer_Contact_Information:
              Network_Address:
                Network_Resource_Name: <http://nationalatlas.gov/atlasftp.html?openChapters=chpbio#chpbio>
      Fees: There is no charge for the data set.

  Metadata_Reference_Information:
    Metadata_Date: 20060417
    Metadata_Contact:
      Contact_Information:
        Contact_Person_Primary:
          Contact_Person: Gita Urban-Mathieux
          Contact_Organization: National Atlas of the United States
        Contact_Address:
          Address_Type: Mailing address
          Address: 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr
          Address: MS 561
          City: Reston
          State_or_Province: VA
          Postal_Code: 20192
        Contact_Voice_Telephone: 703-648-5175
        Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: atlasmail@usgs.gov
    Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
    Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
    Metadata_Security_Information:
      Metadata_Security_Classification_System: None
      Metadata_Security_Classification: Unclassified
      Metadata_Security_Handling_Description: None