Questions to address with our presentations in Group D
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1) what we know?
2) what we don't know (and need to know for VSE)?
3) how do we get there?

  What are the environments that we are concerned with?
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1) Earth space environment
	human effects
	effects on infrastructure facilities/technology
		(including space and comm, etc)

2) Lunar orbit & surface 
	a) magsphere and magsheath effects on radiation environment 
		(for rad dose, probably not issue; for charging, probably)
	b) neutrons
	c) electric fields/dust/remnant B field effects
		(incl. equipment charging)

3) deleted

4) Mars orbit + surface
	a) GCRs + secondaries
	b) SEPs at Mars
	c) neutrons
	d) Efield/dust/remnant Bfield effects
	e) ionospheric effects
	f) aerobraking
	g) photons (the above)
	h) solar wind interaction






 Presentations at this session relevant to the Q1-3 above
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1) Tim Guild (BU) Lunar E field and Charging
2) Martha C. (Langley) Neutrons moon + Mars surface
3) Don Hassler (SWRI) Surface rad on Mars (MSO)
4) Christina Lee (UCB) Lunar orbit radiation environment
5) Gang Lu (HAO) SEP effects on ionosphere/upper atmosphere
6) Tom Woods (LASP) Earth effects overview (photons)
7) Geoff Reeves () Rad belts; LWS & VSE
8) Harlan Spence (BU) LRO rad mission
9) Ron Turner (ANSER) Mars transport model validation and SEP prediction tool
10) Ghee Fry (EXPI) Shock arrival predictions tool for Mars and Earth
11) Janet Luhmann
	for D. Brain's on SEPs at Mars seen by MGS
	for J. Halekas on LP data, SEPs at the Moon
12) Greg Delory- Lunar E fields/charging
                 NASA's human precursor comm study report


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			       Addressing Q1-3 - An outline
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  Earth environment
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what do we know:

	rad belts - LEO, GEO models (these are statistical, not dynamical)
                - SEPs can be injected into rad belts (as well as entering polar caps)
		- COSPAR recommendations
		- SPENVIS etc, rad effects models on spacecraft systems
		- observational archives on both science data and spacecraft anomalies
	ionosphere/upper atmosphere
                - reponds to solar X-EUV variations, flares, SEPs (geomagnetic cutoffs issue), 
                    other particle precipitations (e.g. POESS SEM, TIMED, UARS, SNOE, POLAR,
                    IMAGE, older DMSP data  + models)
                -effects on satellite drag (relates to aerobraking and orbit lifetimes),
                   communications issues (including those involving TEC and scintillations)
	plasma environment 
                 -past observations eg ATS5,6 and SCATHA
                - relates to spacecraft charging-also lunar surface charging          
		- COSPAR recommendations
		- NASCAP program developed and widely used

what we don't know and need to know for VSE:

	rad belt:	- dynamical models, including SEPs
		- predictive rather than statistical, heavy ion behavior, SEP entry not included
	ionosphere/atmosphere 
		- the dynamics and extremes- ionization, chemistry, dynamics,
                         photon and particle effects together (time sequences, interconnections)
		- predictive rather than statistical, range of effects of photons and particles
	plasma models
		- dynamics and extremes of environments
		- predictive rather than statistical info.
                -NASCAP upgrades merit plasma environment description upgrades

how do we get there: (rationale- VSE transits Earth environ and uses it for infrastructure,
                        testbed, and comparative planetology purposes)

       *endorse RBMP, ITMP (LWS missions), upstream monitor & solar observations missions
	system-coupled models, low energy plasma environment mapper mission?
	multi-agency, international partnerships
	data mining infrastructure
       * use Earth's high latitude upper atmosphere to investigate some
          space weather effects of relevance to Mars, test transport codes, etc.
       * look at LWS and the VSE report- "invest in knowledge"-suggest 
          joint LWS and VSE MOWG? (what is happening to IES program also?)




  Lunar environment
------------------------------

what do we know:

	explorer 35 - SEP shadowing
		  - SEP reflection in magtail
	clementine - SEP shadowing, dosimetry data SEU monitor
		 - (limited measurements and access?)
	LP - background counts of ER only + Efields + neutron detector + alphas
	Geotail - transit sampling
	Apollo - dosimeters; plasma, radiation, field measurements (to what extent are they useful for VSE?)
	            - also dust measurements
	Wind - flybys of the moon
	neutron models based on surface comp. assump. + surface comp info from LP
	remanent B fields from Apollo and LP
	composition from pick-up ion measurements
	radiation history from lunar samples

what we don't know and need to know:

	comprehensive space environment picture from both observations and (validated) models
	surface comprehensive environment from observations and (validated) models
		

how do we get there:	

	*restoring Clementine, apollo data
            plus splinter group to revisit Apollo and Clementine information for info relevant to VSE
	*more detailed surface comp. info to be used in transport codes-can make progress w/ LP and Clementine data?
	*LRO + dedicated comprehensive space environment satellite (perhaps combo of lander and orbiter)
		in orbits to be used in VSE ("be there to experience env. before you go")
	*Lunar lander
		- surface/subsurf rad environment, incl. photons(?), dust, Efields, gases(?)
                  (Lunar Robotic Lander AO may not include adequate instrument to validate models)
	integrating models and data