Identification_Information:
  Citation:
    Citation_Information:
      Originator: Robert B. Scott
      Originator: Ralph R. Shroba
      Originator: Anne E. Egger
      Publication_Date: 2001
      Title: Geologic map of the Rifle Falls quadrangle, Garfield County, Colorado
      Edition: 1.0
      Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map
      Series_Information:
        Series_Name: Miscellaneous Field Studies Map
        Issue_Identification: MF-2341           
      Online_Linkage: http://geology.cr.usgs.gov/pub/mf-maps/mf-2341/
      Publication_Information:
        Publication_Place: Denver, Colorado
        Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
  Description:
    Abstract:
      New 1:24,000-scale geologic map of the Rifle Falls 7.5' quadrangle, in support of the USGS Western Colorado I-70 Corridor Cooperative Geologic Mapping Project, provides new interpretations of the stratigraphy, structure, and geologic hazards in the area of the southwest flank of the White River uplift.
      Bedrock strata include the Upper Cretaceous Iles Formation through Ordovician and Cambrian units.  The Iles Formation includes the Cozzette Sandstone and Corcoran Sandstone Members, which are undivided.  The Mancos Shale is divided into three members, an upper member, the Niobrara Member, and a lower member.  The Lower Cretaceous Dakota Sandstone, the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation, and the Entrada Sandstone are present.  Below the Upper Jurassic Entrada Sandstone, the easternmost limit of the Lower Jurassic and Upper Triassic Glen Canyon Sandstone is recognized.  Both the Upper Triassic Chinle Formation and the Lower Triassic(?) and Permian State Bridge Formation are present.  The Pennsylvanian and Permian Maroon Formation is divided into two members, the Schoolhouse Member and a lower member.  All the exposures of the Middle Pennsylvanian Eagle Evaporite intruded into the Middle Pennsylvanian Eagle Valley Formation, which includes locally mappable limestone beds. The Middle and Lower Pennsylvanian Belden Formation and the Lower Mississippian Leadville Limestone are present.  The Upper Devonian Chaffee Group is divided into the Dyer Dolomite, which is broken into the Coffee Pot Member and the Broken Rib Member, and the Parting Formation.  Ordovician through Cambrian units are undivided.
      The southwest flank of the White River uplift is a late Laramide structure that is represented by the steeply southwest-dipping Grand Hogback, which is only present in the southwestern corner of the map area, and less steeply southwest-dipping older strata that flatten to nearly horizontal attitudes in the northern part of the map area.  Between these two is a large-offset, mid-Tertiary(?) Rifle Falls normal fault, that dips southward placing Leadville Limestone adjacent to Eagle Valley and Maroon Formations.  Diapiric Eagle Valley Evaporite intruded close to the fault on the down-thrown side and presumably was injected into older strata on the upthrown block creating a blister-like, steeply north-dipping sequence of Mississippian and older strata.  Also, removal of evaporite by either flow or dissolution from under younger parts of the strata create structural benches, folds, and sink holes on either side of the normal fault.  A prominent dipslope of the Morrison-Dakota-Mancos part of the section forms large slide blocks that form distinctly different styles of compressive deformation called the Elk Park fold and fault complex at different parts of the toe of the slide.
      The major geologic hazard in the area consist of large landslides both associated with dip-slope slide blocks and the steep slopes of the Eagle Valley Formation and Belden Formation in the northern part of the map.  Significant uranium and vanadium deposits were mined prior to 1980.

    Purpose: This map was funded by the National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program.  The map is a product of the I-70 Urban Corridor Project.  This corridor is experiencing rapid urban growth and geologic mapping is needed to aid in land development planning in order to address, avoid, or mitigate known and potential geologic hazards.

    Supplemental_Information:
      Map political location: Garfield County, Colorado
      Compilation scale: 1:24,000
      Geology mapped from 1992 to 1998
      Compilation completed November 1998

  Time_Period_of_Content:
    Time_Period_Information:
      Single_Date/Time:
        Calendar_Date: 2000
    Currentness_Reference: publication date

  Status:
    Progress: Complete
    Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: none planned

  Spatial_Domain:
    Bounding_Coordinates:
      West_Bounding_Coordinate: -107.75
      East_Bounding_Coordinate: -107.625
      North_Bounding_Coordinate: 39.75
      South_Bounding_Coordinate: 39.625

  Keywords:
    Theme:
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: AGI Glossary of Geology
      Theme_Keyword: Geologic map
      Theme_Keyword: Cambrian to Cretaceous sedimentary rocks
      Theme_Keyword: Tertiary to Quaternary surficial deposits
      Theme_Keyword: Laramide deformation
      Theme_Keyword: Neogene evaporite deformation
      Theme_Keyword: Landslide hazards
      Theme_Keyword: Uranium and vanadium deposits

    Place:
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: none
      Place_Keyword: USA
      Place_Keyword: Colorado
      Place_Keyword: Garfield County

  Access_Constraints: none

  Use_Constraints: none.  Acknowledgment of the U.S. Geological Survey would be appreciated in products derived from these data.

  Point_of_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Person_Primary:
        Contact_Person: Robert B. Scott
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing address
        Address: MS 913, Box 25046 DFC
        City: Denver
        State_or_Province: CO
        Postal_Code: 80225-0046
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 303-236-1230
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: rbscott@usgs.gov

  Browse_Graphic:
    Browse_Graphic_File_Name: <http://geology.cr.usgs.gov/pub/mf-maps/mf-2341/mf-2341.pdf
    Browse_Graphic_File_Description: graphic representation of map layout
    Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PDF

  Data_Set_Credit: Cooperating agencies: Garfield County, U.S. Bureau of Land Management, U.S. Forest Service, Colorado Geological Survey

Data_Quality_Information:
  Attribute_Accuracy:
    Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Data were entered and checked by the geologist that made the field observations. The attributes of this geospatial data set consist of text identifiers and numeric codes that indicate the identity of the geologic unit or type of geologic feature, and determine how each feature is colored or symbolized. To check attribute accuracy, a color check plot was visually compared to the geologist's original compilation. Discrepancies between the digital geospatial dataset and the original analog compilation were corrected as needed. Machine-created listings of unique attribute values were used to identify spelling errors or other inconsistencies, and corrections were made as needed. This map has been thoroughly reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards and stratigraphic nomenclature.

  Logical_Consistency_Report: Map elements were visually checked for overshoots, undershoots, duplicate features, polygon closure, and other errors by the author and by the GIS technician(s) that created the digital database. Automated (ArcInfo) routines were also used to check the databases for polygon label errors, line or point attribution errors, sliver polygons, dangling arcs, intersection errors, and projection information. Check plots of the map were reviewed by at least two other geologists for consistency with basic geologic principles and general conformity to USGS mapping standards.

  Completeness_Report: Data are complete: no features that could be accurately represented at the compilation scale of 1:24,000 were eliminated or generalized. The smallest area represented is approximately 400 square meters. All geospatial database elements are attributed.

  Positional_Accuracy:
    Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
      Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Lines were primarily positioned by photointerpretation of 1:24,000-scale color aerial photographs using a PG-2 photogrammetric plotter that rectified the position and transferred it to a basemap. Lines were digitized from the basemap using a digitizer tablet with resolution of 0.001 inch and most digitized positions on the map are estimated to have about 20 m horizontal accuracy.

  Lineage:
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: Polygons, lines, and points representing geologic features and data points were digitized from scale-stable compilation materials using the GSMCAD public domain program (USGS Open-File Report 96-007).
      Process_Date: 1999
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: The map data were exported to ARC/INFO using the GSMCAD export function to create ARC generate ASCII files. The ASCII files were then imported into ArcInfo using the GENERATE routine, and polygon topology built.
      Process_Date: 1999
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: Text map unit descriptors were added to the .AAT and .PAT database files for each coverage.
      Process_Date: 2000
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: Draft check plots of the geologic map and explanation were created and submitted for peer review. Geologists reviewed the plots for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards and stratigraphic nomenclature. Revisions were made to the geospatial database as needed.
      Process_Date: 2000
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: The database files, metadata, and check plots were edited by the USGS Central Publications Group, and revisions made to the geospatial database as needed.
      Process_Date: 2001
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: The geospatial database files and metadata were quality checked for completeness and consistency.
      Process_Date: 2001
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: Final preparation of the geospatial database for distribution, and preparation of map-on-demand files and metadata.
      Process_Date: 2001

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
  Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector

Spatial_Reference_Information:
  Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
    Planar:
      Map_Projection:
        Map_Projection_Name: LAMBERT CONFORMAL CONIC
        Lambert_Conformal_Conic:
          Standard_Parallel: 39.75
          Standard_Parallel: 38.45
          Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -105.5
          Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.0
          False_Easting: 0.000
          False_Northing: 0.000
      Planar_Coordinate_Information:
        Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair
        Coordinate_Representation:
          Abscissa_Resolution: 10
          Ordinate_Resolution: 10
        Planar_Distance_Units: METERS

    Geodetic_Model:
      Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1927
      Ellipsoid_Name: Clarke 1866
      Semi-major_Axis: 6378206.4
      Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 294.98

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
  Overview_Description:
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:

      The data are supplied in ARC/INFO export format.

      DATABASE FILES - ARC/INFO ====================================

      The database of the map consists of four coverages (root name = riflef), including corresponding INFO files:

      riflefpoly coverage:  Contains all contact lines and labelpoints for each polygon. In the coverage's riflefpoly.aat INFO file the CODE item provides a numeric code that specifies the geologic identity and positional quality of each contact line (e.g., fault, approximately located), and the P1 and P2 items are relic cartographic parameters from the GSMCAD compilation program. The riflefpoly.aat CODE values are defined below. In the riflefpoly.pat INFO file the CODE and P2 items are relic cartographic parameters from the GSMCAD program, the P1 item provides a numeric code that specifies the polygon's map unit identity, the TEXT item indicates the map unit label for each polygon, and the SYMBOL item defines the polygon color as chosen from the color524.shd shadeset (included in bundled file archive). The P1 item defines the category of polygon as listed below and in the riflefunit.lut INFO file. The riflefpoly.pat P1 and TEXT items are listed below.

      riflefline coverage:  Contains faults, fold axes, and other non-contact lines.  Faults that are contacts also appear in the riflefpoly coverage. In the riflefline.aat INFO file the CODE item provides a numeric code that specifies the geologic identity and positional quality for each type of line, the P1 and P2 items are relic cartographic parameters from the GSMCAD program, and the TEXT item describes the geologic identity, positional quality, and, in some cases, additional aspects of each line. The riflefline.aat CODE and TEXT items are listed below.

      riflefpoint coverage:  Contains points recording site-specific observations and measurements, such as strike and dip of bedding. In the riflefpoint.pat INFO file the CODE item provides a numeric code that specifies the type of point observation, the P1 and P2 items indicate the associated strike azimuth (or trend) and dip (or plunge), respectively, and the TEXT item describes the type of point observation. (In the case of bedding attiudes the P1 strike azimuths are always 90 deg. counterclockwise from the associated dip directions.)  The riflefpoint.pat CODE and TEXT items are listed below.

      riflefdec coverage: Contains points used for cartographically decorating lines, such as "ball-and-bar" fault symbols, as well as a repeat of points in the riflefpoint coverage recording site-specific observations and measurements.  Such point data provide additional qualitative information mainly for line features representing faults and folds, such as sense of fault displacement or fold type.  In the INFO file riflefdec.pat the CODE item defines a numeric code for each type of point decoration and the P1 and P2 items indicate the orientation (or strike azimuth) and, where appropriate, dip (or plunge) value associated with each point symbol. The riflefdec.pat CODE items are listed below.

Database root name: riflef

      P1  | GEOLOGIC MAP UNIT LABELS
      100 | af
      124 | Qac
      126 | Qfy
      127 | Qlo/Qfo
      131 | Qlo/Qp
      134 | QTg
      136 | Qc
      138 | Qsw
      141 | Qfp
      142 | Qls
      154 | Qd
      155 | Qg
      167 | Qlo/Qg
      169 | Qcm
      171 | shear zone
      180 | Qlo
      184 | Qtu
      413 | Kicc
      432 | Kmu
      437 | Kmn
      444 | Kml
      458 | Kd
      466 | Jm
      469 | Jeg
      472 | Je
      486 | @c
      498 | @Ps
      550 | &ee
      564 | Ml
      566 | Dc
      567 | Ddc
      569 | Ddb
      582 | P&ml
      584 | Pms
      612 | &b
      684 | Water
      685 | O\u
      686 | &ev
      687 | &evl
      689 | Dp
      Note: @ = Triassic; & = Pennsylvanian; \ = Cambrian

      DEFINITION OF CODES IN THE DATABASE COVERAGES (CODES AND TEXT LISTED IN THE .AAT AND .PAT FILES)
      CODE |   FEATURE
      001  | contact; certain
      003  | contact; inferred
      008  | landslide; scarp; contact
      009  | landslide on fault; contact certain
      010  | fault; contact; certain
      011  | fault; contact; concealed
      014  | fault; contact; inferred
      032  | fault; strike slip; concealed
      034  | fault contact; strike slip; inferred
      040  | thrust fault contact; certain
      041  | thrust fault; concealed
      044  | thrust fault contact; approximate location
      070  | fold axis; anticline; certain
      071  | fold axis; anticline; concealed
      074  | fold axis; syncline; certain
      075  | fold axis; syncline; concealed
      078  | line of section
      088  | intrusive dike; contact; certain
      089  |  'intrusive dike; contact; concealed
      093  | water boundary, certain
      097  | scratch boundary
      099  | map boundary
      201  | bedding attitude symbol
      203  | fault dip symbol
      204  | anticline symbol
      205  | syncline symbol
      206  | adit symbol
      207  | ball & bar symbol
      209  | left lateral symbol
      219  | over turned bed symbol
      242  | Question mark symbol to indicate uncertainty in a reach of a linear feature
      268  | diamond arrow symbol
      300  | Plots the symbol number read from P2
      362  | Flat bedding symbol
      500  | Unit labels text & tag
      501  | Hidden unit tags
      502  | Ordinary text
      503  | Ordinary text
      700  | Splined text
      
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
      <http://geology.cr.usgs.gov/pub/mf-maps/mf-2341/mf-2341p.pdf

Distribution_Information:
  Distributor:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Organization_Primary:
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing address
        Address: Central Publications Group
        Address: MS 902, Box 25046, DFC
        City: Denver
        State_or_Province: CO
        Postal_Code: 80225-0046
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 303-236-5486

  Distribution_Liability: Although this digital spatial data has been subjected to rigorous review and is substantially complete, it is released on the condition that neither the USGS nor the United States Government may be held liable for any damages resulting from its authorized or unauthorized use.

  Standard_Order_Process:
    Digital_Form:
      Digital_Transfer_Information:
        Format_Name: ARCE, SHP
        Format_Version_Number: ArcInfo version 7.1.2
        File_Decompression_Technique:
          .tar.gz - gzip-compressed TAR file and .zip compressed file (ARCE and SHP files) 
      Digital_Transfer_Option:
        Online_Option:
          Computer_Contact_Information:
            Network_Address:
              Network_Resource_Name: <http://geology.cr.usgs.gov/pub/mf-maps/mf-2341/>

    Fees: none

Distribution_Information:
  Distributor:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Organization_Primary:
        Contact_Organization: U.S.Geological Survey
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing address
        Address: USGS Information Services
        Address: Box 25286
        City: Denver
        State_or_Province: CO
        Postal_Code: 80225
        Country: United States
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS
  Resource_Description: MF-2341 (Map-on-Demand)
  Distribution_Liability: none

  Standard_Order_Process:
    Non-digital_Form: Available as one high-resolution computer-plotted sheet plus one pamphlet.  Order from USGS at the address listed above or see http://rockyweb.cr.usgs.gov/mod/index.html for more ordering information.

    Fees: for current prices please see http://rockyweb.cr.usgs.gov/mod/order.html

Metadata_Reference_Information:
  Metadata_Date: 20000612
  Metadata_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Person_Primary:
        Contact_Person: Robert B. Scott
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing address
        Address: U.S. Geological Survey
        Address: MS 913, Box 25046 DFC
        City: Lakewood
        State_or_Province: CO
        Postal_Code: 80225-0046
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 303-236-1230
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 303-236-5345

  Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
  Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998