(Dr. Adalberto Cavalcanti
-Medico do Hospital de Alienados
Especialista em doencas internos e
nervosas, syphilis e tuberculose)

r

Consultorio - Rr - da Independencia
50 18Andar. Tele. 831 - De 2 as 5

(Residencia - Rua Gervasio Pires 337
Advertisement in Journal do Recife, and since the
boat for Pinha leaves at 11 am and returns at 3,
it must break in upon his office hours!

May 15.  We meet the Coronel at the Sande Publica -
Dr. Gouveia gives temporary pass - shows us many
things of interest regarding pesfi$., etc. We
check out matirial from the Saude Publica which is
sent to Tigipio.  Fail to tip a man - he would not
take10$000.I -4&n- rx- .         __.-_ --
           F

May 16. We are located at the Pen&o Lsndy - a
place run by the Baroness Landy. (To be described
later.) Drs. Hydrick, Vargas, and Soper go to
Coquefral (Tigipio) and see our five day home.
It is a #r%?oorn cottage which will serve very
nicely.  Tomorrow we start to work.

May 17.  Due to mistake in schedujee, we find Dr.
Hydrick already has our place more or less in shape
for business.  One front room is for the microscopists
and the other is to be used for registration, demon-
stration and blood tests.  Treatments will be
given in the rear room. The large central room
makes a fair dormitory for the men.

Before noon some of the centainers given out
yesterday csme in and the InspecXo do Estado de
Pernambuco was really begun. Before we returned I
to Recife, 25 examinations had been made with a
100% hookwom infection and a 95% infection of
Ascaris - with many Trichuris.  The lecture has not
been dated as yet but we hope for a cinema perfor-
matme.  Our food is furnished at an Italian Res-
taurant (?) and is very good although they do
insist on our drinking chianti (Italian wine).

This restaurantois also the headparters for the
local "Bicho r( .I( wBicho$" literally "The Beast*' is


16

a Lottery on the Federal Lottery. The instinct to
gamble is highly developed among the Brazilians
among all classes and the Bichou is one of the
popular expressions of this instinct. One of the
first impressions one gets of Brazil, is the Vendor
of Lottery Tickets.  This individual ranges from
the well-dressed, prosperous intelligent keeper of
Ticket Booths, to the most abject beggars one can
imagine.  It is by some considered especially lucky
to purchase one's Lottery tickets from a blind
beggar others never win except when the tickets
have been bought from a hunch back. The super-
stitious rmles of the game are many and so a
green horn like myself, a rank outsider, would
have no chance whatever - On the other hand there
is the "beginnerts luck" proverbial in all games
of chance.  I still have a chance to win a lottery
on Weginnerts luck"

To the unsophisticated stranger who pays any mark
of attention to a vendor of tickets, is due much
trouble.  Even to say "Nao" to their suggestion
to bw is inviting trouble. One ragged urchin
followed my bonde for blocks and when I left the
car he followed at my heels from one business house
to another for a matter of 30 minutes.  Finally I
eluded him at the National City Bank of New York.
However the Bicho# is a more modest concern and
has no venders on the street.- no money is spent
printing forms - the total expense to the proprie-
tor is the salary of this clerk. For this he
charges his patrons 10% of their winnings - hence
the proprietor of the Bicho)l has a 10% margin of
safety and profit.  The Bicho$ is founded on the
Federal Lottery in which the numbers run up to
10000 - Each 1000 is given the name of a Bichod,
or beast, as for example, the Lion, The Serpmnt,
etc.  One goes into the forest and sees a beautiful
snake, makes all haste to the nearest WBichou"
and places his money on the Serpent to win.  Since
the serpent has one chance in 10 of winning if he
wins, he wins 10 times the amount he has placed.

He may place msney on the thousands, hundreds,
tens or units. - thus making the Bicho$ adjustable
to the poorest purse.  Again one drinks too much eAcHACR
adms and becomes afflicted with dreams of snakes -
that is, has a night mare. Then &goes on the
serpent and 5 on the cachaga.


17

The only advertisement the "Bichop needs is a
small sign, with room for four numbers. This may
be blackbomrd, or even a frammewith removable letters
but more often is simply a cardboard hung at the
window with the IWR&WP winning number of the previ-
ous week.  Every one knows then it is the lrBicho$s

The work at Tigipio started off slow - 25 the first
day but 100% positive. Much Trichocephalus, one
Hymenolepis and one.Balantidium-cm. The soil on
the river bottom is very sandy and even the higher
places are composed of a very porous red, sandy
clay, which appears dry 20 minutes after a heavy
shower.  Many latrines are found here but all are
either deserted or in horrible condition. One
latrine visited contained a large pit with #ater,
but the floor of the latrine was apparently a
happy home for hookworm larvae. Maybe mt however
as too high a concentration of feces is fatalto
the larvae.

May 1%.  Business some better. Last evening Dr.
Gouveia, Dr. Hydrick and myself went in his car to
Coqueiral but found no conference.

,

Tonight Dr. Vargas gave his first lantern show at
the post.

We visit at a school and-

May 19.  do more propaganda - Only those propagan-
dized come for containers.

May 20.  Dr. Hydrick and I see house at Olinda -

May 21.  Dr. Hydrick via Gelria for Rio.
   Lecture at Cinema in TiLgipio' - 600 present

May 22.  Finish at Tigipio - Total examined 489.

   Baggage misses train at Tigipio but we get
to Cab0 all right.

Cabo is one hours ride from Recife - the country is
very low and sandytith many swamps or rather , legoons.


1920                               18

Sugar is the big crop here;today for the first time ;
I saw an overseer on horseback f'drivingw some 40     j
or 50 laborers at work cleaning the canefields of
other foliage.  The scene vividly recalled the
days of real slavery.  The city of Cabo is said to
have 2000 people and the municipio 5000.

At the station we are met by a very fine intelli-
gent young man in khaki who tells us that he repre-
sents the prefect and is entirely at our service.

We find the house reserved for us is the Camara
of Cabo (the town hall of the county, ie. the
Court House in USA)

One large room is suitable for registration, blood
examinatios and demonstrations by day and lantern
lectures by night.  4 other rooms are here at our
disposal - there is a very good place for the
microscopist and all in all the place could not be
better arranged if made to order. We will sleep
hne and eat at the Hotel.

This town is the home of the governor of the state
and consequently all has been arranged. We expect
to spend absolutely nothing here except time, chao-
podium,salts,and toothpicks.

At 7315 porn, our first lecture started - we arrived
at 4:45 p*m. - 72 people were officially present
but e%T&ers came and left all during the performance.
Many latinas have been distributed and business
should be good.  We are surely 3 days ahead of our
schedule at Tigipio - the professor of the school,
the telegrapher and others are present. Definite
count is made but still,  s no pep used in giving
out containers.  We get to bed tired and weary at
11 o'clock.  r w

Sunday a. m. May 23.  I let the boys sleep till
6 a.m. We get up - I sweep the lecture room and
everyone helps get started to work at 7:30 - we go
to coffee - I have a monstrous bowl of hot milk and
go back to the post+o - business is here - at 8 a.m.
I take 2 pictures (on the same fil.m)showing 40 to
50 people in front of our place who were there for
containers.

I finish our sign and now "Post0 de Prophylaxis"


1920                            19

meets the eye of all who come up the hill and all
who go down the hill and that is everyone in the
city.  The principal church of the place is only 3
or 4 doorsaway.  This is said to be a very religious
place having Presbyterians, Baptists, Anabaptists
etc.  About 9 o*clock I went down to the market to
get a few photos.  Some man came to me because he
knew I was a doctor and the propaganda started,
(3months inBraziland spreading a line already),
too bad but it must be done. Pull down an eyelid,
show to the admiring and curious crowd saying,
%em sangue - muita branco," compare fingernails with
my own very florid ones saying, wBranco - vermelhofl
at the same time pointing to the victims and my own
nails side by side.  Then "Term doeqa. Vae en cima
apPosto de Prophylaxia Rural en Camara de Cabo.,"
QuandoZ Agora.  And by that time 3 other d-8(3- Aet:?;tet3
(sick people) are reaching for me and calling atten-
tion to either their own iXLs or those of their
children.

If one would understand the success of a Religion
founded on medicine come to a tropical country and u&
the ease with wch Christ did propaganda work is
easily understood.  He worked among the poor, made
no charge for any treatments, (the most frequent
question I met this morning, was wquanto cus%a
para cada pessoag) and made remarkable cures* 'Also
i:Ele worked in almost e tropical country snd everyone
was sick.  Here I had the crowd so thick on the
sidewalk that the proprietor of the shop (barber shop)
came out and asked me to move on. The tiich I did.

Before lunch some of the girls who had seen me came
to the post for their pictures. Of course I had
to take them.

At 2 p.m. 95 tins have come to the Laboratory.

May 24, 1920.  Dr. Gouveia de Barros attends the
Conferencia in Cabo.  We drive out from Recife in
his car - 36 kilometers - and except Zor the last
3 kilometer and the first one kilometer (in Recife)
f&e road was very good and the might air delightful.
The moon is so bright in this climate - I regret
Jule is not along.  I figured we would drive out
in a government car but we used the doctor's private
one.  Women are seldom seen in government cars - the


20

Foundation in Rio pays 2508 per year rather than use
a government car and permit the wife and family of
the doctor to ride in it.

Following Dr. Vargas' talk in the cinema - Dr.
Gouveia spoke to the people. He said many nice
things about the Convnissao Rockefeller and said the
government expected to contract with the Commission
for much work in the state of Yernambuco.. About
574 people were present.

MAO 25.  Dr. Julio Bezerro, calls at the post - he
talks understandable English. He is a small man and
appears rather keen but doea not impress one as
being of the type of his father, the governor. He
knows the south of Brazil, s;rultzerlmd, France and
England.  He invites me to breakfast with him tomor--
row.

Maio 26. Cabo

Take aI&Fwith the governor's son - Julio. I
am driven to the fazenda in state - a colored coach-
man, a team of ratty mules and a ratty muddy coach.
The road was poor, but the trip short. The home
of the bvez%xor is a palatial place, but the
governor lives in Recife, so the huge place is
untenanted except for Julio and a French mechanic
who is superintending alterations of machinery in
the usina - sugar mill.  This is entirely a sugar
locality and all the people think, live, and eat is
sugar.  And mostly they drink the strong rum made
from the waste sugar.  Julio is buying all the
sugar cane possible now at 35$000 per ton - gambling
in futures pure and simple.

After breakfast we visit the usina and then back to
Cabo.

Julio attends our conference and also our farewell
at the Coronels.