Guides to the Collections in the Archive of Folk Culture












                     THE FAHNESTOCK SOUTH SEA COLLECTION

                                AFC 1986/033
















                             Library of Congress
                          American Folklife Center

                                November 1994

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                              TABLE OF CONTENTS



Summary                             

Scope and Content Note              

Brief History of the Expeditions                      

General Description of Series       

Related Publications                

Appendix A: Chronology of the 1940 Fahnestock Expedition                

Appendix B: Audio Recordings Duplication Concordance 
(Omitted from online copy: see note at end of text)               

Appendix C: Specific Dance-Related




  ---------------------------------------------------------

                             Library of Congress
                          American Folklife Center


                     THE FAHNESTOCK SOUTH SEA COLLECTION
                                AFC 1986/033


                                   SUMMARY

The Fahnestock South Sea Collection consists of audio
recordings, film footage, photographs, and accompanying
manuscript documentation assembled by brothers Bruce and
Sheridan Fahnestock on two widely-publicized expeditions to
Oceania and Southeast Asia in 1940 and 1941.  It documents
music and dance from American Samoa, Fiji, French Polynesia
(Marquesas Islands and Tahiti, Society Islands), Indonesia
(Bali, Java, and Madura), Kangean Islands, and New Caledonia
before the large-scale cultural disruptions that followed World
War II.  Film and photographs that were shot by an associate
during several of the Fahnestock's recording sessions further
inform the materials.

The Collection was donated to the Library of Congress by
Margaret Fahnestock Lewis (wife of Sheridan Fahnestock and a
member of the 1940 expedition) in December 1986. Subsequent
research, oral history interviews, an acquisition ceremony, and
resulting products and publications produced between 1987 and
1994 complement the materials gathered during the voyages.

ACCESS AND REPRODUCTION:  Listening and viewing access is
unrestricted.  All rights of the materials donated by Margaret
Fahnestock Lewis, including copyrights, have been dedicated to
the public, according to the Instrument of Gift.  The materials
donated by Howard Kincheloe may require permission for
publication. The compact disc and the materials by CNN and NBC
are restricted by copyright.

KEY SUBJECTS: ayoha; boatmen's songs; children's songs; ceng-
ceng; clothing and dress; costume; dance, Indonesia; dance,
Oceania; dance, Polynesia; divination songs; gamelan gong gede;
gamelan gong kebyar; gamelan joged (or djoged); gender wayang;
harvest songs; himene; hymns; kecak; lali; legong; meke;
musical instruments; music, Indonesia; music, Oceania; music,
Polynesia; pangka; pa'oa; pilou-pilou; rari; rice-pounding
songs; rincik; rinding; sandoer; saronen; sasa; tape'a;
taralala; trompong; tyada; 'ute; wanmido; wayang wong





                                  SERIES I

PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION:         LOCATION NUMBERS:
-------------------------------------------------------
MANUSCRIPTS

15 folders                    
1 box disc sleeves
1 box computer diskettes

AUDIO RECORDINGS

148 16" and 10"               AFS 25,808-25,955
acetate discs                 (Original field recordings)
                  

13 10" DT mono                RWB 6281-A1 to 6290-B10, 
reels at 7.5 ips              RWB 6321-A1 to 6323-A4
                              (Preservation copies)
            
13 7" DT mono                 (Listening copies)
reels at 3.75 ips

1 audiocassette               Listening copy of 
                              RWA 1365A2


GRAPHIC MATERIALS

3 b&w photoprints
1 photo album (copy)
2 b&w photoprints, archival documentation 
166 b&w negatives, archival documentation 
6 color slides, archival documentation 
46 b&w photoprints, Kincheloe
79 b&w negatives, Kincheloe         
8 b&w copy negatives, Kincheloe


MOVING IMAGES

5 reels 16 mm 
silent                        AFC 1986/033:F1-F5
color film                    (Original field recordings) 

2 videocassettes 3/4" 
silent, color                 AFC 1986/033:F1-F5-v1;    
with time code                LWO 22304 (Preservation copies)           

(NOTE: duplicate of 
tape 1 only)                  MBRS #VBG7687

            

2 videocassettes 3/4" 
silent, color                 AFC 1986/033:F1-F5-v2; 
without time code             LWO 22733 (Preservation copies)


1 videocassette 1/2" 
VHS silent, color             AFC 1986/033:F1-F5-v3 
                              (Viewing copy)
                              

2 reels 8 mm silent, 
color film                    AFC 1986/033:F6-F7
                              (Original field recordings)


1 videocassette 1/2" 
VHS silent, color             AFC 1986/033:F6-F7-v1
                              (Preservation copy)


1 videocassette 1/2" 
VHS silent, color             AFC 1986/033:F6-F7-v2
                              (Viewing copy)



                                  SERIES II


PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION:         LOCATION NUMBERS:
---------------------------------------------------
MANUSCRIPTS

11 folders
1 box (index cards)


AUDIO RECORDINGS

8 reels 7" DT 
mono at 7.5 ips         AFS 26,830-26,837

8 reels 7" DT 
mono at 7.5 ips         Listening copies

1 reel 10" DT 
mono at 7.5 ips         AFC 1986/033:SR1

1 audiocassette         AFC 1986/033:SR1-c1
                        (Listening copy)

4 audiocassettes        AFC 1986/033:SR2-5

1 compact disc          AFC 1986/033:SR6



GRAPHIC MATERIALS

5 b&w photoprints
110 b&w negatives
2 b&w contact sheets


MOVING IMAGES

1 videocassette 3/4" 
silent, color                 AFC 1986/033:V1

1 videocassette 
3/4" color                    AFC 1986/033:V2
                              (Original copy)

1 videocassette 
1/2" VHS color                AFC 1986/033:V2-v1
                              (Viewing copy)

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                           SCOPE AND CONTENT NOTE


INTRODUCTION

The Fahnestock South Sea Collection spans the years 1939-1994,
with the largest portion dating 1940-1941. The collection is
arranged into two groups or series of materials.  

SERIES I consists of materials related to the field expeditions
led by Bruce and Sheridan Fahnestock in 1940 and 1941.  It
documents music and dance from American Samoa, Fiji, French
Polynesia (Marquesas Islands and Tahiti, Society Islands),
Indonesia (Bali, Java, and Madura), Kangean Islands, and New
Caledonia, and contains possibly the last field recordings made
in Oceania before World War II and the subsequent effects on
these cultures. Film footage and graphic and manuscript
materials inform the recordings as well as provide background
information on the expeditions themselves.

After the collection was donated to the library, contact was
made with Howard Kincheloe, whom the Fahnestocks met (along
with his wife Shannon) in Java in 1941. Kincheloe was assigned
to Surabaya (now Jakarta), Java as a flight instructor. The
Kincheloes accompanied the Fahnestocks on some of their
recording sessions, during which Mr. Kincheloe took photographs
and shot film of these music and dance events. Kincheloe
donated these materials to the Library in 1991, and they
augment the 1941 expedition recordings in Series I.

SERIES II consists of more recent materials generated or
assembled by the donor and Library of Congress staff. In 1987
the Library contracted ethnomusicologist James B. McKee to
organize and inventory the collection. Assisted by reference
librarian Gerald E. Parsons, he conducted several oral history
interviews with Mrs. Lewis. In turn, McKee assisted Parsons in
making preservation copies of memorabilia outside the
collection and organizing an acquisition ceremony. These
activities generated a number of audio and video recordings,
photographs, and printed materials that provide further
information on the history and goals of the original
expeditions. Additional programs, products, and broadcasts that
resulted from processing the collection are included in this
series.


SERIES I: ORIGINAL FIELD EXPEDITIONS

The manuscript materials supply information that augments,
informs, and provides access to the primary ethnographic
documentation.  The administrative materials include
preliminary logs, inventories, a glossary, and a bibliography
compiled and drafted by James McKee. Original correspondence
relays background information about expedition activities and
includes first-hand accounts of the disaster when Director II,
the expedition's 137-foot schooner, ran aground and sank.  The
documentation of sound recordings describe the contents and
circumstances of the recordings, while the travel documentation
details the second expedition's progress. Included in the
newspaper and magazine commentary are accounts that document
the loss of Director II and the accident that claimed the life
of Bruce Fahnestock in 1942.  

The primary field audio recordings (organized chronologically
to reflect the routes of the second and third expeditions)
captured a variety of styles representing the traditional and
contemporary musics of the South Pacific and insular Southeast
Asia.  Of particular interest are recordings of Fijian legends
describing the origin of the Ndakunimba Stones; Samoan choral
hymns introduced by English missionaries; and Balinese gamelan,
including the ceremonial gamelan gong gede, the virtuoso
gamelan gong kebyar, and the gender wayang quartet.  The latter
form of music accompanies the shadow plays known as wayang
kulit. Also featured in the collection are a number of
children's songs and fairy tales from Java, bull-racing music
and boatmen's songs from Madura, and the only known field
recordings from the Kangean Islands, a small archipelago
northeast of Java. This unique group of discs includes women's
divination songs, harvest songs, and rice-pounding songs.

Many of these audio recordings document music that accompanies
dance. Included are Samoan sasa (sitting dances featuring
intricate hand movements); Fijian meke (combining song, dance,
and hand clapping, accompaniment by lali, a large slit-log
idiophone); the Balinese kecak, or "monkey chant" (dance
developed from the male chorus for ritual trance ceremonies);
the Tahitian pa'oa and 'ute; Maduran sandoer (harvest songs
accompanying circle dances); New Caledonian pilou-pilou
(traditional music and dance styles); and others.

The audio recordings in this series also include a copy of the
NBC Blue Network radio program broadcast live from Suva, Fiji,
by the Fahnestock expedition on August 19, 1940. 

The graphic and moving image materials provide visual
commentary and background information on the audio recordings
and expeditions. Included are photographs documenting Balinese
gamelan music and dance events and memorabilia, such as a copy
of Margaret Fahnestock Lewis' photo album of the second
expedition. The Fahnestock expedition film documents the
progress of the 1940 journey; it includes scenes of the crew's
activities and some scant documentation of dancing. The
Kincheloe film, made as a "home movie," includes short scenes
of Balinese gamelan music and dance events (also documented in
the still photographs) and Maduran bull races.


SERIES II: ORAL HISTORY, ACQUISITION CEREMONY, AND PRODUCTS
  
The manuscript material in Series II contains information on
the field expeditions not included with the donor's original
gift, as well as on ensuing research, events, and products that
resulted from acquiring the collection. It includes transcripts
from the recorded oral history interviews with the donor;
administrative materials related to the 1988 ceremony that
marked the acquisition of the collection by the Library of
Congress; publications, press coverage, and publicity on the
collection and acquisition ceremony; and written materials from
a 1993 lecture held at the Library of Congress on the
collection.  A 1965 typewritten obituary for Sheridan
Fahnestock and magazine articles in which the Fahnestocks and
crew members discuss the expeditions also form part of the
manuscript materials.

The first oral history interview with Margaret Fahnestock
Lewis, conducted in the Library's National Programs Office on
January 20, 1988, provides background information on the five
reels of silent film contained in Series I (recorded while
watching the footage). The second oral history interview,
recorded in the Library of Congress Whittall Pavilion on
January 21, 1988, includes anecdotes and reminiscences about
the voyages.  Other audio recordings include a documentation of
the 1988 acquisition ceremony; a copy of "Sounds from the LC
Collection," a 1988 radio program describing the collection; a
narrative recorded by Howard Kincheloe in 1993 in which he
describes the scenes on his Indonesian trip film; and "Music
for the Gods," a 1994 compact disc release on the Ryko label
featuring selections from the original Indonesian recordings.

The photographs in this series relate to the events described
above. One set documents the donor's oral history interview.
Another set provides a visual record of the acquisition
ceremony held at the Library of Congress on March 14, 1988, and
includes images of some of the crew members, drawings,
publications, and artifacts associated with the expeditions. A
third set of photographs documents water damage that occurred
to the discs in 1988 as a result of a burst pipe and the
measures taken to dry them.

The video recordings in this series relate to the 1988
acquisition ceremony.  One videotape contains excerpts from the
Fahnestock expedition film; it was shown during the ceremony.
The other videotape is a copy of the CNN Newswatch report,
filmed at the ceremony, that describes the collection and the
event.

  ------------------------------------------------------------

                      BRIEF HISTORY OF THE EXPEDITIONS

The history of the expeditions begins with the story of their
leaders, brothers Bruce and Sheridan Fahnestock. They were born
several years apart in the early 1910s in Washington, DC, to
Adam Bruce Fahnestock, a successful inventor and consulting
engineer, and Mary Sheridan Fahnestock, an avid collector and
writer.  As the boys grew up in Manhassat, New York, their
youth was spent sailing and boat racing on the Long Island
Sound.  A small inheritance from cousin John Hubbard in the
early 1930s allowed them to fulfill a dream: to do the things
they loved best--sailing and writing--and buy themselves a
future through exploring and collecting.

The brothers set out to make their dream a reality. After a
year spent acquiring a suitable boat, the 65-foot schooner,
Director, and studying at the American Museum of Natural
History, the Fahnestocks sailed from New York City to the coast
of China. Between 1934 and 1937, they uncovered a set of
ancient petroglyphs carved into the fragments of what was once
a 50-foot-high monolith buried deep in the forest near the
village of Ndakunimba, Vanua Levu Island, Fiji.  Today these
fragments are known as the Ndakunimba Stones.  Their origin
remains a mystery. While the petroglyphs were at first thought
to have been an early notational system, they have yet to be
deciphered.  Bruce and Sheridan described their experiences on
this first expedition in a book, _Stars to Windward_ (1938);
their recently widowed mother, Mary Sheridan Fahnestock,
accompanied them on the trip and gave her account in _I Ran
Away to Sea at Fifty_ (1939).

The second expedition (the first in which sound recordings were
made) began in February 1940 when the Fahnestock brothers and a
17-member crew left New York Harbor in their three-masted, 137-
foot schooner Director II, a gift from John Hubbard's widow,
Helen Fahnestock Hubbard.  During a nine-month period, they
traveled to American Samoa, Fiji, French Polynesia, New
Caledonia, and Australia, recording music and collecting
Pacific bird specimens for the American Museum of Natural
History in New York City. The expedition ended abruptly on
October 18 when the ship struck a shoal and sank near
Gladstone, Australia. Virtually everything on board was lost,
and the expedition was forced to return to the United States
eight months sooner than planned. The damages totaled more than
one hundred thousand dollars.

In February 1941, the Fahnestock brothers traveled to the Dutch
East Indies (now Indonesia), chartered a sailboat, and during
the next ten months, recorded the music of Bali, Java, Madura,
and also the Kangean Islands.  Years later, it was revealed
that this trip was also an intelligence assignment undertaken
at the request of President Franklin Delano Roosevelt. At an
earlier White House meeting, the President had asked them to
evaluate Dutch military preparations on Java, assess the
usefulness of small watercraft for Pacific Islands combat, and
ensure that U.S. defense funds allocated to Southeast Asia were
being properly spent. 

In January 1942, the Fahnestock brothers gave a lecture to a
capacity audience at Town Hall in New York City.  Excerpts from
their field collection were played in public for the first
time.  Columbia Records expressed an interest in issuing the
recordings, but several weeks after the Town Hall lecture,
Bruce, Sheridan, and several members of the Director II crew
were on their way to New Guinea.  There they served in the U.S.
Army's Small Ships Section, a picturesque assemblage of
sailboats, fishing trawlers, dories, and freighters run by
American and Australian troops.  This colorful operation, which
inspired the 1960s television comedy series, _The Wackiest Ship
in the Army_, was responsible for ferrying soldiers and
supplies into battle.  On October 18, 1942, two years to the
day after the Director II disaster, Bruce Fahnestock was killed
in New Guinea when the fishing trawler on which he traveled was
mistakenly attacked by an American fighter plane.

In 1945, Sheridan Fahnestock was named Chief of Overseas
Operations, Transport Command, for the invasion of the
Philippines and the assault on Japan.  After his return to
private life, he devoted himself to raising a family and to
publishing newspapers in Southern Maryland.  He died in 1965,
without again attempting to release his recordings.

  ------------------------------------------------------------

                        GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF SERIES

                    SERIES I: ORIGINAL FIELD EXPEDITIONS

MANUSCRIPTS

Box/Folder No.    Contents

Box 3       
                  Disc sleeves. Approximately 111 16" paper disc
                  sleeves with handwritten notes and numbers. 
                  Arranged in AFS number order, AFS 25,808-25,955. 
                  (Sleeves containing no information have been
                  discarded.)

Folders 1-4       
            
Administrative materials regarding the collection: 
            
                  1) the collection register [this document]; 
                  2) preliminary inventories, reference aids,
                  logs, and glossary researched and assembled by
                  James McKee; 
                  3) print-outs of nine computer diskette
                  directories (also containing documents for
                  Series II materials); 
                  4) correspondence (1986-1991) principally about
                  the donation of the collection and its initial
                  processing, primarily between the Library and
                  Margaret Fahnestock Lewis, and correspondence
                  (1991-1994) between AFC staff and Howard
                  Kincheloe concerning the donation and handling
                  of his additions to the collection.
                  Correspondence is arranged chronologically.

Folders 5-6       
                  Correspondence. One original, one copy, arranged
                  chronologically (1939-1950, bulk 1940-41).
                  Correspondence chiefly documents the activities
                  of the second expedition, including first-hand
                  accounts of the shipwreck. Most are
                  communications between expedition members and
                  administrators at the American Museum of Natural
                  History. Also included is correspondence between
                  expedition members and others such as the
                  Columbia Recording Corporation concerning the
                  third expedition's activities and recordings.

Folders 7-8       
                  Documentation of sound recordings and recording
                  notes. One original, one copy, arranged in loose
                  chronological order. Typewritten and handwritten
                  documentation includes notes on the contents of
                  certain discs, such as titles, instrumentation,
                  and lyrics. Also included are lecture notes for
                  a music presentation at the Manhattan School of
                  Music in New York City (1942).

Folders 9-11      
                  Travel documentation. Two copies of the Log Book
                  for the Director II, January-October, 1940 (123
                  pages).  Log book continues with the Director's
                  Proxy, November 1953-May 1957 (1 page), and
                  Director III, June 1957-May 1967 (14 pages). 
                  One folder (2 copies) consisting of the shipping
                  articles for the second expedition, signed June
                  4, 1940, and a storage receipt.

Folder 12   
                  Technical information on recording equipment.
                  Original booklets and articles on operating
                  instructions and technical information for the
                  Presto recording equipment.

Folder 13   
                  NBC broadcast transcripts. Partial and edited
                  transcripts of the NBC Blue Network radio
                  broadcast of August 19, 1940 from Suva, Fiji,
                  that featured the Fahnestock South Sea
                  Expedition.  Museum of Broadcasting disc #13589;
                  RWA 1365A2. (See "Audio recordings.")

Folders 14-15     
                  Newspaper and magazine commentary. Two copies of
                  press coverage and magazine articles about the
                  Fahnestock South Sea Expeditions and the
                  Fahnestock family.  Arranged chronologically
                  (1939-1974; bulk 1940-41). 

Box 4             
                  Computer diskettes. Nine 5 1/4" regular density
                  diskettes housed in three computer storage
                  boxes. Written in Wordperfect 5.1; formatted in
                  MS-DOS. A few files are written in a Macintosh
                  desktop publishing program. The diskettes
                  contain administrative files concerning the
                  collection, including correspondence,
                  memorandum, inventories, and drafts of
                  registers. They also include files relating to
                  Series II activities, programs, and products.
                  Preservation copies made on 3 1/2" high density
                  diskettes.



AUDIO RECORDINGS 

EXPEDITION RECORDINGS: 148 16" and 10" acetate discs of
original field recordings. Arranged chronologically. AFS
25,808-25,955. Preserved on 13 10" DT mono reels, RWB 6281-A1
to 6290-B10 and RWB 6321-A1 to 6323-A4. Listening copies are
available in the Folklife Reading Room. A preliminary, detailed
disc-by-disc inventory is included in "James McKee's Research
Materials," folder 2.

NBC BLUE NETWORK BROADCAST:  One 10 1/2" reel recording of live
broadcast featuring the Fahnestock South Sea Expedition, Suva,
Fiji, August 19, 1940. Part of the NBC Radio Collection in the
Recorded Sound Division. RWA 1365A2. Listening copy is
available in the Folklife Reading Room. See folder 13 for
transcripts.


GRAPHIC MATERIALS

Folder 16   
                  Photoprints. Three black and white photoprints
                  (two 5 x 7, one 8 x 10) from the second
                  Fahnestock expedition, 1940. One public
                  relations photograph of Mary Sheridan
                  Fahnestock, Coleman Glover (radio technician)
                  and Manchu spaniel "Siege" taken aboard Director
                  II in New York harbor for release when the
                  broadcast took place. Two different close-ups
                  showing Director II as she sinks off the coast
                  of Australia. Photographers are unknown.

Folder 17   
                  Archival documentation of photo album. Two
                  copies of photo album from the second Fahnestock
                  expedition, 55 pages. Includes photographs,
                  newspaper clippings, and letters. Primarily
                  documents expedition members; some photographs
                  include captions. (See detailed inventory in
                  "James McKee's research materials," folder 2.)
                  Photographer is unknown.

Folder 18   
                  Archival documentation of newspaper and magazine
                  commentary. Five sheets of black and white 35 mm
                  negatives (131 images, many multiples) recording
                  the collection's newspaper clippings, magazine
                  articles, and accompanying photographs (see
                  folders 14-15). Photographed by Gerald Parsons,
                  1988.

Folder 19   
                  Archival documentation of drawings. One sheet of
                  black and white 35 mm negatives (14 images), 6
                  color slides (two of each drawing), and one
                  black and white 8 x 10 photoprint copying three
                  of expedition artist Ed Dair's drawings
                  (collection of Margaret Fahnestock Lewis).
                  Photographed by Gerald Parsons, 1988.

Folder 20   
                  Archival documentation of expedition logo. One
                  sheet of black and white 35 mm negatives (19
                  images) and one positive black and white 8 x 10
                  print copying part of a disc sleeve featuring
                  identification notes and expedition logo.
                  Photographed by Gerald Parsons, 1988.

Box 10            
                  Photoprints. 46 black and white 3 1/2 x 5
                  photoprints primarily of gamelan musicians and
                  dancers, Bali, 1941. Photographed by Howard
                  Kincheloe. Eight copy negatives of selected
                  shots. Original negatives in folder 21. 

Folder 21   
                  Negatives. Four sheets of black and white 35 mm
                  negatives (79 images) taken by Howard Kincheloe,
                  1941, in Bali and Java. Original negatives of
                  photoprints listed above.


MOVING IMAGES

FAHNESTOCK EXPEDITION FILM: Five reels of 16mm, silent, color,
and black-and-white film documenting parts of the second field
expedition (1940).  AFC 1986/033:F1-F5. The film was assembled
by crew member Philip Farley from original footage filmed by
Farley and Margaret Fahnestock Lewis. Running time is
approximately 75 minutes. Transferred for preservation purposes
to two silent, color, and black and white 3/4" videocassettes
with a time code visible at the bottom of the screen (a second
copy exists without the time code).  Viewing copy is available
in the Folklife Reading Room. See film log in "James McKee's
research material" (folder 2).  In addition, the donor has
provided detailed commentary on the footage in an oral history
interview recorded at the Library of Congress on January 21,
1988 (see Series II, Audio recordings, AFS 26,830-26,837).


KINCHELOE FILM: Two reels of 8 mm, silent, color film ("home
movies") documenting Shannon and Howard Kincheloe's trip to
Indonesia (1941). AFC 1986/033:F6-F7. Filmed by Howard
Kincheloe. Running time is approximately 45 minutes. Included
are scenes of Hawaii, New Zealand, Java, Madura, and Bali.
Pertinent to the collection are scenes of gamelan music and
dance filmed in Bali, presumably while the Fahnestocks were
recording the music, and bull races in Madura. Transferred for
preservation purposes to 1/2" silent, color VHS videocassette.
Viewing copy is available in the Folklife Reading Room. See
description of scenes in "James McKee's research material"
(folder 2). See accompanying photoprints listed above.



        SERIES II: ORAL HISTORY, ACQUISITION CEREMONY, AND PRODUCTS 

MANUSCRIPTS

Box/Folder No.    Contents

Folders 22-24     Administrative materials: 
            
                  1) correspondence (1988-1994) between LC and
                  Folklife staff and others concerning the
                  acquisition ceremony and the collection; 
                  2) and 3) James McKee's research notes and
                  related material pertaining to the initial
                  research and processing of the collection. 

Box 9       
                  Index cards also containing McKee's research
                  housed in 3 X 5 cardbox with reference
                  audiocassettes. 

Folder 25   
                  Oral history interviews. Transcripts, questions,
                  and notes from the interviews with donor
                  Margaret Fahnestock Lewis, January 20-21, 1988.
                  Conducted by Gerald Parsons and James McKee,
                  American Folklife Center, Library of Congress. 
                  See audio recordings AFS 26,830-26,837.

Folders 26-28     
                  Acquisition ceremony, March 14, 1988, Whittall
                  Pavilion, Library of Congress: 
            
                  1) acquisition event materials such as script,
                  agenda, invitation, room layout, and copies of
                  exhibit labels; 
                  2) Gerald Parsons' file containing
                  administrative paperwork concerning the
                  acquisiont event under subjects such as
                  communications, scripts, arrangements,
                  audio/visual, and exhibits; 
                  3) original invitation in the form of a 16" disc
                  sleeve (oversize folder located in the map
                  drawer). See audio recording AFC 1986/033:SR1.

Folder 29   
                  Event/collection press coverage and publicity.
                  Written materials (such as press releases and
                  articles) generated by the Library and Center
                  about the collection and acquisition ceremony,
                  and outside news coverage, such as newspaper
                  clippings and transcripts from CNN television
                  reports. (See video recording AFC 1986/033:V2
                  for CNN report.)

Folder 30   
                  Publications about the collection. Original
                  copies of the _Library of Congress Information
                  Bulletin_, the _Folklife Center News_, and the
                  descriptive leaflet in the shape of a disc
                  sleeve (used as the invitation to the ceremony).

Folder 31   
                  Lecture program. Publicity and program
                  information concerning James McKee's
                  presentation, "The Fahnestock Collection of
                  South Seas Music and Folklore," May 14, 1993,
                  Library of Congress.

Folder 32   
                  Writings about/by expedition members. Published
                  articles and manuscripts about the expeditions
                  and the collectors (1940-1982). Arranged
                  chronologically.

Folder 33   
                  Compact disc release publicity. Press release
                  and publicity photographs concerning the release
                  of "Music for the Gods" compact disk by
                  Rykodisc, October 18, 1994. See audio recording
                  AFC 1986/033:SR6.




AUDIO RECORDINGS

Oral history interviews: Eight 7" DT mono reels. AFS 26,830-
26,837. Interviews with Margaret Fahnestock Lewis conducted by
Gerald Parsons and James McKee, Library of Congress, January
20-21, 1988.  Listening copies are available in the Folklife
Reading Room. See folder 25 for written transcripts and notes.

Acquisition ceremony: One 10" DT mono reel. AFC 1986/033:SR1.
Audio recording of the acquisition ceremony held March 14,
1988, Whittall Pavilion, Library of Congress. Listening copy is
available in the Folklife Reading Room. See folders 26-27.

"Sounds from the LC Collection": One audiocassette copy of a
15-minute radio program recorded in April 1988 by James McKee
on the Fahnestock collection. AFC 1986/033:SR2. Part of the
"Sounds from the LC Collection" series that was broadcast on
WETA during intermissions of live concerts from Coolidge
Auditorium.

"Fahnestock radio demo": Two audiocassettes of excerpts from
expedition audio recordings used by McKee to make the "Sounds
from the LC Collections" program. AFC 1986/033:SR3-4.

Narration of Kincheloe film: One audiocassette (AFC
1986/033:SR5) of Kincheloe's description of the scenes in his
1941 film (AFC 1986/033:F6-F7). Synchronized to the VHS copy.
Recorded and accessioned in 1993.

Compact disc recording: "Music for the Gods--The Fahnestock
South Sea Expedition: Indonesia," AFC 1986/033:SR6. Released
October 1994 by Rykodisc and the American Folklife Center of
the Library of Congress. Part of the Endangered Music Project.
Produced by Mickey Hart and Alan Jabbour. Includes a 22-page
booklet with background information and liner notes.


GRAPHIC MATERIALS

Folder 34   
                  Interview session photographs. Two sheets of
                  black and white 35 mm negatives (42 images) and
                  three black and white 8 x 10 photoprints,
                  primarily taken of Margaret Fahnestock Lewis
                  during interview sessions, January 1988. 
                  Photographed by Carl Fleischhauer. See folder 25
                  and AFS 26,830-26,837.

Folder 35   
                  Acquisition ceremony photographs. Two black and
                  white 35 mm contact sheets (42 images) and two
                  black and white 8 x 10 photoprints documenting
                  speakers and guests at the ceremony held March
                  1988. Photographed by Library staff; negatives
                  housed in Public Affairs Division.  See folders
                  26-27 and audio recording AFC 1986/033:SR1.

Folder 36   
                  Disc water damage photographs. One sheet of
                  black and white 35 mm negatives (26 images)
                  documenting water damage to discs and sleeves
                  that occurred at the Library in 1988 due to a
                  burst pipe and subsequent drying arrangements.
                  Photographed by Center staff. (See 3/21/88 memo
                  in "Administrative materials--correspondence,"
                  folder 22.)

MOVING IMAGES

EXPEDITION FILM EXCERPTS: One 3/4" silent, color videocassette,
AFC 1986/033:V1. Excerpts from Fahnestock expedition film shown
during the acquisition ceremony, March 1988.  See "Acquisition
ceremony," folder 26, for identification of excerpts. 

CNN NEWSWATCH: One 3/4" color videocassette copy, AFC
1986/033:V2. Television news report on Cable News Network,
aired March 14-15, 1988. Approximately 2 1/2 minutes. Reported
by David French. Filmed at the acquisition ceremony, it
includes interviews with Margaret Fahnestock Lewis and Alan
Jabbour.  Viewing copy is available in the Folklife Reading
Room. See "Event/collection press coverage and publicity,"
folder 29, for transcript of the broadcast.


  ------------------------------------------------------------

                            RELATED PUBLICATIONS

Burman-Hall, Linda. "The Fahnestock South Sea Collection: New
Light on Old Madurese Music." _The Madura Reader_.  The
Netherlands: Royal Institute of Linguistics and Anthropology,
University of Leiden. (Forthcoming)

Fahnestock, Bruce, and Sheridan Fahnestock. _Stars to
Windward_.  New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company, 1938.

Fahnestock, Mary Sheridan. _I Ran Away to Sea at Fifty_. New
York: Harcourt, Brace and Company, 1939.

McKee, James. "South Sea Collection Comes to Folk Archive."
_Folklife Center News_ X, no. 2 (Spring 1988): 4-6.

"South Sea Collection Presented to Library, Lay in Attic for 45
Years." _Library of Congress Information Bulletin_ 47, no. 11
(March 14, 1988): 97-98.

  -----------------------------------------------------------

                                 APPENDIX A

                CHRONOLOGY OF THE 1940 FAHNESTOCK EXPEDITION


Feb. 1            Director II leaves New York

Feb. 11           San Salvador (Watling Island), 
                  Bahama Islands

Feb. 13           Guantanamo Bay, Cuba

Feb. 26           Colon, Panama

March 9           Perlas Archipelago

April 3-10        Sailed from Panama to Galapagos

April 10-14       Galapagos Islands

April 15-
May 8             Sailed from Galapagos Islands 
                  to Marquesas Islands

May 9             Hiva Oa, Marquesas Islands

May 13            Sailed from Hiva Oa to Nuka Hiva, 
                  Marquesas Islands

May 14            Nuka Hiva, Marquesas Islands

May 15-21         Sailed from Marquesas Islands 
                  to Tahiti

May 21-
June 18           Papeete, Tahiti

June 18-27        Sailed from Tahiti to Samoa

June 27-17        Pago Pago, Samoa

July 17-23        Sailed from Samoa to Fiji

July 23-26        Suva, Fiji

July 26-28        Sailed from Suva to Ndakunimba, 
                  Fiji

July 28-31        Ndakunimba, Fiji

July 31-
Aug. 2            Somosomo, Taveuni Island, Fiji

Aug. 2-3          Sailed from Somosomo to Suva

Aug. 3-14         Suva, Fiji

Aug. 15-23        Sailed from Suva to Noumea, 
                  New Caledonia

Aug. 23-
Sept. 2           Noumea, New Caledonia

Sept. 2-4         Sailed from Noumea to Tao Bay, 
                  New Caledonia

Sept. 4-25        Tao Bay, New Caledonia

Sept. 25-27       Sailed from Tao Bay to Noumea

Sept. 27-30       Noumea, New Caledonia

Sept. 30-
Oct. 6            Sailed from Noumea towards 
                  Australia

Oct. 7            Moreton Bay, Brisbane, Australia

Oct. 7-15         Vacationed in Brisbane

Oct. 16-17        Sailed from Brisbane to 
                  Gladstone, Australia

Oct. 18           Director II runs aground in Curtis              
                  Channel, 13 miles off Gladstone

  ------------------------------------------------------------

                                 APPENDIX C
                                      
                       SPECIFIC DANCE-RELATED MATERIAL


This appendix lists the audio recordings, photographs, and film
footage from the Fahnestock South Sea Collection (Series I)
that include dance content. Dance in Indonesia and Polynesia is
often an integral part of a music event. However, since the
Fahnestocks were primarily interested in documenting music,
they did not always note when music events included dance.  In
addition, the film and still photographs included in the
collection were ancillary; hence, dance documentation is short
and unannotated. Nonetheless, it provides what may be rare
glimpses of movement vocabulary, material culture, and other
dance event characteristics for the dances documented.

The information about the audio recordings is based on a
preliminary inventory prepared by James McKee.  Included below
are entries that specifically mention dance as part of the
documented music event, based on notes recorded by the
Fahnestocks and McKee's research.  Where appropriate,
references are made to the corresponding recording on "Music
for the Gods," the compact disc released in 1994 on the
Rykodisc label. The CD liner notes provide additional
information.

The Fahnestock expedition film and the Howard Kincheloe film
include some brief dance scenes.  The dance still photographs
taken by Kincheloe seem to correlate with his film footage. In
addition, a correlation probably exists between the films, the
still photographs, and the audio recordings, but more research
is needed to verify these connections. Due to these
circumstances, this appendix may not include all the dance-
related audio recordings in the collection.

See the glossary in "McKee's research materials" (folder 2) for
explanations of most dance and music terms; see McKee's
preliminary "audio recordings inventory" (folder 2) for more
detailed comments and information on the recordings.



AUDIO RECORDINGS

FHN = information derived from the collection's original
documentation, such as the disc sleeves, recording notes, etc.
McK = information derived from James McKee's research on the
recordings.


AFS No.: 25,808 A
FHN: Marquesan Group No. 1, "To Huite Ture ite Aia"
McK: Side A: Rari, performed by a female soloist and male
chorus.
Location: Marquesas     
Date: May 1940


AFS No.: 25,809 A-B
McK: Side A: 1) Brief chant (labeled "Pig dance"; 2) Tapea or
Rari: female soloist, male chorus; 3) Tapea or Rari: female
soloist, male chorus.
Side B: 1) Rari: "Ep iti a huru maile," female soloist, male
unison chorus. 
Location: Marquesas     
Date: May 1940


AFS No.: 25,810 A-B.
FHN: Marquesan Group No. 5--Pohituau Rari; No. 6--Etahi
Miriokoehu (Rari).
McK: Side A: Rari, "Pohituau Rari,"  female soloist, male
chorus.
Side B: Rari, "Etahi Miriokoehu Rari," female soloist, male
chorus.
Location: Marquesas     
Date: May 1940


AFS No.: 25,812 A.
FHN: Marquesan Group No. 10, Tapea, Rari.
McK: Side A: 1) Tapea or Rari, female soloist with male chorus.
Location: Marquesas     
Date: May 1940


AFS No.: 25,816 A
FHN: #I (Inside) Marquesan Rari=Prophecy; II-III-IV-Pupuana
("Tahitian" crossed out); Paumotou?
McK: Side A: 1) Pupuana; 2) Pupuana; 3) Pupuana; 4) Rari
performed by mixed chorus.
Location: Marquesas                 
Date: May 19, 1940


AFS No.: 25,826 A
FHN: Outside in, Tahiti #6. #9 Ute-Paumotuan. #10 in four parts
ute with bamboo pipe (tube).
#11 Ute -------> dance 
McK: Side A: 1) Ute or song with guitar accompaniment; male
soloist and chorus, steady rhythmic accompaniment by either
"bamboo pipes" or stamping tubes; 2) sounds like either a
repeat or a dub or No. 1; 3) either a repeat or a dub of No. 1;
4) song with 2-part female singing, accompanied by guitar or
uke and handclapping; 5) same ensemble as No. 4; 6) similar to
No. 5 and 6, but with accompaniment by male chorus.  
Location: Society Islands                 
Date: May-June 1940


AFS No.: 25,829 B
FHN: Side B: Two Sasa dances; A) Sasa with no special name. B)
Simon dance (usual).
McK: Side B: 1) Sasa with rhythm produced by small drum or
idiophone; 2) Sasa.
Performed by the Fita Fita Guard Chorus.
Location: Pago Pago, Samoa                
Date: June-July 1940


AFS No.: 25,830 A
FHN: A Siva siva, "Tutuila ma Manua," the Fita Fita Guard
Chorus.
McK:  Side A: "Tutuila ma Manua," accompanied by guitar and
occasional handclaps.
Location: Pago Pago, Samoa                
Date: June-July 1940


AFS No.: 25,833 A-B
FHN: S6B, Pago Pago -- Sasa dance, directed by Tuia. S7A Pago
Pago, Samoa, Native Teachers of American Samoa.  A Siva siva
dance "Vi'i o Faia'oga Samoa" Composed by Sete, directed by
Suiava.
McK: Side A: 1) Sasa; 2) sasa. (recording quality poor).
Side B: Siva siva "Vi'i o Faia'oga Samoa," sung by chorus with
stamping feet, handclaps.
Location: Pago Pago, Samoa                
Date: June-July 1940


AFS No.: 25,834 A
FHN: S7B, Siva siva, same as record #S-7A. S8A, English song
and dance "The Mosquito Song."
McK: Side A: A siva siva dance, "Vi'i o Faia'oga Samoa"; this
is a repeat, but not a dub, of 25,833 B.
Side B: Choral singing in the manner of Side A. Both pieces are
performed by the Native Teachers of American Samoa.
Location: Pago Pago, Samoa                
Date: June-July 1940


AFS No.: 25,841 A
FHN: Taralala: music to accompany Fijian dance.
McK: Taralala performed by male soloist, chorus and lali.
Location: Ndakunimba, Vanua Levu, Fiji          
Date: July 29-31, 1940

AFS No.: 25,842 A
McK: Side A: 7) Announcement by George Folster and performance
of Meke ni Vatu Vola with voices and lali. 
Location: Ndakunimba, Vanua Levu, Fiji          
Date: July 29-31, 1940


AFS No.: 25,843 A
FHN: #13 -- Meke ni Vatu Vola Vola, Fiji.
McK: Side A: 1) Meke ni Vatu Vola (Ndakunimba)
Location: Ndakunimba, Vanua Levu, Fiji                                     
Date: July 29-31, 1940


AFS No.: 25,845 A-B
FHN: NC 1A & B.  Noumea, New Caledonia.  Test and dance
clapping. 1A: Ose he lesu; 1B: Tahnikeu As. NC 2A, 2B, Dance.
McK: Side A: 1) Short test; 2) "Ose he lesu"; 3) "Tahnikeu As."
Side B: 1) "Huliwa uyipici"; 2) "Ciricon" 
Location: Noumea, New Caledonia           
Date: August 27, 1940


AFS Number: 25,846 A, 25,846 B.
Fahnestock Disc Number: NC 3, NC 4.
Format: One 16" disc, 78 rpm, recorded on both sides.
FHN: No. 3a-3b; 3b--Bova: a pilou pilou-music for dancing
w/dance soloist. 3a--Chopei waheotigat.  4A--Nyima Keliweziso
Funeral Song (Missionary), 4B (inside of disc) Simona Lona, a
song of Tabby and Jouha.
McK: Side A: 1) Announcement, "music for a dance"; 2) "Bova"
(Pilou-Pilou); 3) "Chopei wahcotigat." 
Side B: 1) Brief announcement; 2) "Simona Lona"; 3) "Nyima
Keliweziso."
Location: Noumea, New Caledonia           
Date: August 27, 1940


AFS No.: 25,848 A-B
FHN: C2-A 1) Tyada, 2) Ayoha, as sung in Yengen dialect; both
are feast dances -- the Tyada uses bark clappers and bamboo
poles. Men's chorus.  C2-B: Wanmido -- dance music sung by men
from village of Ouaieme, using bark clappers and bamboo poles. 
Mixed chorus.
McK: Side A: 1) Tyada dance sung in Yengen (a coastal village
northwest of Tao) dialect, accompanied by bark clappers and
bamboo stamping tubes (see no. 33). 2) Ayoha, also sung in the
Yengen dialect.  Both pieces are feast dances, sung by men and
women; the tyada uses a men's chorus.  
Side B: Wanmido dance music sung by men from the village of
Ouaieme (also on the northeastern coast, about 10 km southeast
of Tao). Mixed chorus, accompanied by bark clappers and bamboo
stamping tubes.
Location: Tao, New Caledonia              
Date: September 12, 1940


AFS No.: 25,851 A-B
McK: 2A: Kecak. 2B: Kecak.
Location: Bedulu, Gianyar District, South Bali  
Date: April 22, 1941


AFS No.: 25,868 A-B (See also CD cut #5)
McK: Side A: Gender wajang, title: "Pemoengkah"
Side B: Gender Wajang, title: "Abimenijoe" 
Location: Ubud, Bali                      
Date: 1941


AFS No.: 25,872 A-B 
McK: Side A: 1) music by gender wayang; 2) same
Side B: 1) music by gender wayang; 2) same
McK: Both sides are music to accompany wayang wong, the masked-
dance drama derived from the famous wayang kulit, or shadow-
puppet theatre.  The music is provided by the gamelan batel, an
ensemble consisting of the percussion instruments used in the
gamelan gambuh, plus the gender wayang ensemble, consisting of
a quartet of metallophones.  
Location: Bali                      
Date: 1941


AFS No.: 25,874 A
McK: Side A: 1) a brief excerpt of the kecak; 2) gamelan semar
pegulingan
Location: Unknown                   
Date: 1941


AFS No.: 25,878 A-B
McK: Side A: 1) drumming; 2) gender wayang (I think)
Side B: 1) sounds like gender wayang; 2) gong gede; 3) gong
gede
Location: Unknown                   
Date: 1941.


AFS No.: 25,879 A-B (See also CD cut #10)
McK: Side A: Kecak
Side B: Kecak
Location: Unknown                   
Date: 1941


AFS No.: 25,881
McK: Side A: 1) sounds like gender wayang; 2) sounds like gong
kebyar      
Location: Bali                      
Date: 1941


AFS No.: 25,882 A-B
FHN: Side III: Kecak, Side IIIB: Kecak. 
McK: Side A: Kecak
Side B: Kecak
Location: Bali                      
Date: 1941


AFS No.: 25,895 A
McK:Side A: Pangka: 1) "Laghoe Pangka'"; 2) "Laghoe bhoettong";
3) "Laghoe totteng."
Location: Ardjasa, W. Kangean Island            
Date: June 5, 1941


AFS No.: 25,896 A-B
McK: Side A: Gamelan Pentja: used for sword-dances.  Recorded
on two sides.
Location: Ardjasa, W. Kangean Island            
Date: June 5, 1941


AFS No.: 25,921 A-B
McK: Side A: Two short pieces by saronen ensemble: 1) in
slendro; 2) in pelog.
Side B: One short piece by saronen ensemble in slendro,
possibly a test.
Location: Pamekasan, SE Madura            
Date: June 3, 1941


AFS No.: 25,924 A-B
McK: Side A: Sandoer, title: "Oreng kossong."  
Side B: Sandoer, title: "Songkar."
Location: Pamekasan, SE Madura            
Date: June 3, 1941



AFS Number: 25,928 A-B (See also CD cut #7)
McK: Side A: Sandoer (cf. no. 113), "Laghoe rennang."
Side B: Sandoer "Laghoe dindang." 
Location: Waroe, Madura             
Date: June 3, 1941


PHOTOGRAPHS

By Howard Kincheloe:
(seem to correlate to the film footage--see below)

Legong. Bali, 1941
(see "Dance 2" listed under film)
AFC 1986/033:PP15-31-p1,n1
AFC 1986/033:PP15-32-p1,n1
AFC 1986/033:PP15-33-p1
AFC 1986/033:PP15-34-p1,n1
AFC 1986/033:PP15-35-p1,n1
AFC 1986/033:PP15-36-p1

Legong Kraton. Bali, 1941
(see "Dance 3" listed under film)
AFC 1986/033:PP14-7-p1
AFC 1986/033:PP14-8-p1
AFC 1986/033:PP14-11-p1
AFC 1986/033:PP14-12-p1
AFC 1986/033:PP14-9
AFC 1986/033:PP14-13


FILMS

Fahnestock Expedition (1940): AFC 1986/033:F1-F5
(NOTE: video seems speeded up due to transfer procedures)

Timecode          Location          Duration          Description

1:52:00           Tahiti            1:25 min.         Women solo, 
                                                      in pairs,
                                                      unidentified
                                                      dancing in grass
                                                      skirts
  
1:58:36           Samoa             13 sec.           Unidentified 
                                                      dance: group with
                                                      soloists in front

2:01:18           Samoa             1:57 min.         Unidentified solo
                                                      male dance
                                                      (comedian?) and
                                                      girls performing
                                                      sasa  

6:02:08           New               22 sec.           Unidentified 
                  Caledonia                           women group 
                                                      dancing on board 
                                                      Director II
                              

Kincheloe: AFC 1986/033:F6-F7
(NOTE: video seems speeded up due to transfer procedures)

3 dance scenes (seem to correlate with photoprints listed).
Bali, 1941:

Dance 1: Oleg tamulilangan (bumblebee dance) OR djoged or
gandrong (social dance) 52 seconds (boy and girl dancing in
traditional dress; girl with fan)

Dance 2: Legong (pure dance without story) 2:24 minutes (two
girls dancing simultaneously)

Dance 3: Legong kraton (dance drama: Lasem) 2:38 minutes (three
girls; two dance simultaneously)

  ------------------------------END TEXT---------------------

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