DECEMBER, 1884. MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW.
midnight. The wind veered to west aiid attaiiied its greatesl
force after the barometer begmi to rise. By the 20th the centre of distiirbaiice had reached N. 5O0, W, 45O, having moved northeastward at no great distance from
the Newfouuclland comt; on this date the 8. 8. Wircassiiiu,
W. Richardson, commanding, had a Iieavy s. gale, h;i,iiliiig tc w., with t.orreuts of rain and \-cry high sea, in N. 5 0 O lo, W, 440 01, aucl iiioderate to strong 8. gales were reported t.o the
eastward as fiw as the thirtieth mericlisn. On the 53al the depression was shown near N. 53O, W. 38O; the s. 8. Wti~ndrahm, N; J. Huudewndt,, conimantli~ig, liar1 ii
heavy gale fi.oin wsw. to sw. and LIW., in N. 4io 301, W. S i c
101, lowest barometer readiug 99.65 (7504, aud other vessels, betweeu W. 55O aiid 1 5 O , had moderat,e to strong s. gales, with barometer ranging from 29.46 (748.3) to 39.9 (759.4). A rapid
iucrease had occurred in the barometric gradient to the went. ward of thirtieth mericlia.n, so that strong iim. gales prevailed
over that regiou. By the 23d the depression had either filled in or moved with greatly increased pressure toward the iiortheru coiast of the British Isles. 6,-Thk area is a continuation of the distnrbance clescrihed
as low area vii. under 6bAreas of low barometer. Ihiring the
25th, the depression passed northeastward aloug the coast 01
Nova Scot,ia and over Newfonncllaiiil, and on the 96th it \vas
to the northward of 50 N., and between W. 40 and GOo. The barometer ranged from 59.7 (744.4) to 99.9 (759.4), with strong breezeH to gales from w. and sw. over the regiou between N. 450 and 500, and from the eastern coast of Newfountllaiid to
the fortieth mericlien. By the Zth, the dist,urbance liatl tlis-
appeared. T,-This disturbance occopietl mid-ocean tluring t,he closiug days of the month ; on the 99tl1, there miis R decrease of about .3 inch over the region uortli of the forty-fifth pa.riiJIe1, and
from W. 40 ea,stward bo W. 20; uutil the close of t,lie niontli,
t h e pressure over the a.bove region renged froin 90.33 (742.4)
to d9.7 (764.4).
TEMPERATURE OF THE AIR.
The distribution of mean temperatiire over the TTiii teal States and Canada for December, 1884, is eslfibiteil 011 cIi:i,rt
ii. by the dotted isotlierinal lines; illld in tlie table of niiscel-
laueooe data are given the niontli1,v means for the \:ilrioliS nbn-
tions of the Signal Serrice. I n the following talde amre giveu the arerages for t,lie severn,l
geographical clistrict,s wit.11 tlie norlllilln ;iud ile1)ii,rt,iiiw, a.s tle-
rlnced from the Signal Service observ:ttions :
drera~e leniperntiwrr for Uertwiber. 18Y4.
[Expressed iqi degrees. Fnhi~~~rlieit.]
niwtricfa.
.. ....
~
..... - ....... -
8 0
New Eiirlniid .................. .............................. 30.4  3!.9 + 1.5
Middle Atlnntic Ntniee ....................................................... 30.7 . +.I
............................... 45.5 p .4
............................... b 2 .1 : 0 4 .0 ,
Eawteni 1:uIf state# ........................................................... I w.3 51.3 j 1.0
WeHterIi Golf PtnteN ......................................................... 50.5 . 4S.g - 1.6
HioGrniiiie valley ............................................................ 00.4 =.I - 1.3 Tennewre ......................................................................... 41.7 4 1 .2 ! -0 .5 4)lliu rulley ........................................................................ 35.4 35.3
~
- 1.1
Lower Inkkc regirm ............................................................ 25.8 28.7 - 0.1
Liiper lnkr region ............................................................ : 24.6 . 22.9
$ ;;;
~~
..
Extreiiie uortlirwt .......................................................... 1
lpppr lissisaippi vnI1e.v ................................................... i
Yi*Pmri valley ................................................................ . Northern slope .................................................................  Mlddle slope .................................................................... Soutlrern slope ................................................................. Southern plateau ............................................................... Mlddle plateau .................................................... , ............. I Northern plateau ............................................................... North Pnciflc conit region ................................................ Middle Pacific coast region ............................................... Liouth Pacific coast re ion
Pikes Peak., Golo ..............................................................
...............................................
1
............................................... Mouirt \hashingtou, If. H
11.1 5.2 28.3 I 24.3
23.6 Y.5 30.9 11.5
35.3 44.1 44.3 44.0
31.3 34.4 32.9 I 19.5 41.2 I 33.7. 48.3 I 49.6
23.7 1.1.2
-
- 1.7
- 5.9
- 3.9
- 9.5 -15.1
- 9.4
- 1.2
- 0.3
-16.4 + 3.1
7 ::: + :::
-
- 1.1
.-
On chart iv. the tleviations fmm the normal temperatures
me graphically exhibited by dotted liues conuecting stations
of equal depa.rtures.
111 the districts on tlie Atlitutic and Gulf masts, iu the uiitldle plittea,ii ilmtltl ntidille Piicific coast region, the mean teniperat,nre for December has been above the normal, the st:it.ionx reporting t.he greatest, tlepart.ores being as follows :
Kitt,y H,i.mk, North CiitdiiiiJ, +3 O .G ; Rarueget City, New
Jersey, +30.5 ; New OrIea.iis, Louisiil.tli>, 4-3O.4; Wilmington,
Nort.11 C;i.rolin:i, i1,ntl Siilt Lake C:it.y, Utili Territory, +3 O .3 ;
Portland, Muiioe, AIIgIistii, Georgia., ant1 Wil!neniiicca, Nevada,
In resiis mitl over the interior ;ind iiortliwesterii portions of the country t.he inem tetnperat.ure for the nion t,h h i m been I)elow the norni;il , blie departures being unusu:i,Ily large from the iipper Mississippi valley westm;trct to the Piicific coast; at ata$ions in Montmai, the inem teinperntnrex wried from 1 5 O
to 93O.3 below the IiOrtnid.
+30.9.
DPVIATTONS FROX MEAN TEMPERATURE.
The departures eshibiterl by the reports from tlie regular Signal Service stations are s l i o ~n i n the table of average tem- pera.tures for the viwions districts; in the table of miscel-
laneous dah, ant1 on chart iv. The following notes in counec- t,ion with this subject are reported by voluntary observers :
A+knnene.-Lend Hill, Boone coiiiitr : inesii teniperibture,
S 9 O .1 is 11O.4 below tlie Deceinber nveriqe for t.he 1;tst three yea,rs.
Dnkotn.--Webster, Dily county : mea,n teniper;itiire, 9O.1, is
SO.6 below the Deceniber averi1,gtj for the two preceding years.
IZlitiois.--l\lu.t,toon, Coles county : lneitu tenipera.tiire, 28O.5,
is 3O.L below the Deoeinbgr iL\wrage for the liJSt foiir years.
Swan wick, Perry coiiiity : niean temperatiire, 39O.5, is Po.? bel^\^ t,lie December iI,rer;i.ge for the libst t\ro years.. Riley, MeHenry couuty : meam tmeniperiitm-e, 19O.4, is 2 O .4
below the Decenilm llieii,il for tile last twenty-three yearn.
 Peoriit, Peoria county : nienii tenipersture, 3 7 O .3 , is 1O.4 below the. December iicerage for tlie last thirty years.
Sycmore, DeBalh county : nieau temperHt8nre, 3 0 O .5 , is 7O.O
below tlie December ;t\-er;i,ge for tlie last three years. Itr.niccw rr..-Vev;i,~, 8wi tzerl a.nd county : inea,ii temperature,
31O.0, is OO.7 below the Deceniber n\-ern,ge for t,he last tmenty-
one yea,rs.
Wabash, Weba.sli couuty : iiie~ii teniperat,ure, 2 6 O .0 , is 3O.9 below t.he December ;i.rerage of the last eiglit years. Spiceland, Henry county : mea11 temperature, 37O.9, is 5O.O
belo\v the December average for the last thirty-one years. Inrm-Dr. Giistii.rux Hinric.hs. director of the State Weath- er Service, Iowa City, reports the iiie:tti t.eniperatnre for the
tiiont.li to Ii;i.ve heen 5 O below the normal.
lirrnxcc.x.-Intlel,etitl~ii~e, Moil tgoniery coiin ty mean temper-
i,tiire, 2j0.4, is 6 O below t,lie December a\-era,ge for the last thirteen ye;irs.
Eni]wi:i,, Lyoii coiinty : tiie~.~i teluperatnre, 93O.4, is 7O.4 be-
a.nv the uc>rni:rl; it W i t s !lob I~low t,he Decenilber average for :,he f ~t i r precetliug y\-eii,r*.
L;iwreiice, DotIgliis county : nieaii temperature, 23O.6, i s 6O.3 N I I I W t81ie December iI\.erilge for the last sixteen years. \VeIIiiigton, Snniner conntg : 1nca.u temperature, 23o.i, is
i O .9 below tlie Deceinber averiige fhr the last six years.
Afni?le.-Giirtliner, Henuebec couu ty : mean temperature,
2 6 O .8 , is 4O.4 above t,lie December average for the last forty- line years.
Il~rr;~~lna~.-Palls~oti, Harford connty: mean temperature,
S4O.0, is OO.9 above the December average for the .lest nine fears.
Ilfiis801o.i-9a.int Louis : mean temperature, 2 9 O .8 , is 3O.6 be, ow the l~eceniber nornial. New H(arnnpslrire..-Cou toocook. Merrimack county : mean ;Bln~Jelil.tllle, 97O.9, is nea,rly 4O.5 above the Deoember average. New Jeevsq.-Soutl~ Orauge, Esrrex county : mean tempera- xire, 33O.9, is 3 O .T above tlie December average for the last 5f- ;een years.
900 MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW . DECEMBER. 1884 . .. __ ....... - ...... - .... .- .- .......... ............. -.. .
Table of mnparaliae minimrtm temperatures for the motblk uf December .
D~ ........................ Mobile ............................................. ~f i ~o ~a ....................... Fort Apnche ................................... D~ ........................ Fort Vrrdr ....................................... A ~L .~~ ..................... I Little Rock: ..................................... D~ .....,............... FortSniitli ...................................... W f o r n i a ................... R*d Bluff Do ........................ San Franeiseu .................................. &, lorndo ...................... Denver ............................................. Do ........................ Pike'n Peak ...................................... h n e c u c u t ................. Nrw London D~ ........................ New Haven ...................................... D&om ........................ Fort Buford .................................... Do Fort Benuett
DIatrjct ofl!olumbla ..... i Wsshlirgton City .............................. Florida ....................... Pensacoln ......................................... DO ........................ Key WeRt ......................................... morgia ........................ Atlnnta ............................................ Do ........................ Auguata ......................................... JUO ......................... Len intou ......................................... D~ ........................ I Bois6 City ........................................ Illinois ........................ Springfield ....................................... D~ ........................ Chiragu, ...................................... Indhna ....................... Iudiauuyolis Do ........................................................................................... IndknTerritory ............................................................................. 10- ........................... Dnvenport ....................................... Do ........................ Dubuque ........................................ Kan, B ........................ Dodge City ..................................... DO ....................... Leavenwohh .................................. Kentucky Louisville Louisiana .................... Shreveport
DO ........................ New Orlenns .................................. Maine ......................... Eastpurt .......................................... Do ....................... Portland ......................................... land .................... Baltiniolv .........................................
16-chusetts .............. Bostvn ............................................. DO ........................ Thatcher's Island ............................ Michigan ..................... Eacauaba ......................................... DO ........................ Detroit ............................................ Minnesota .................... Saint Vincent ................................... DO ........................ Saint Paul ....................................... Miisissippi .................. Virksburg ........................................
Y i m u r i ...................... Saiut Louis
.........................................
....................................
........................ .................................... ..................... . ....................... maware Delawan Breakwater
....................................
.................... ......................................... ......................................
60 ..........................................................................................
Do ........................................................................................... ........................................
! >iiniiiiuni since Rignal-Service atatlons were upened-3 tu I3 yeam .
Minimuui for DeCeNkr. 1884. Signal Service . _- .......... S t a b
__I
... _ .
' 20.3
- 9.0
7.0 13.0
12.2
r5.o
40.0
- 8.0
-0.0
- 5.2
- 9.5 -3g.a -41.3
8.9 0.1
23.0
6a.0
11.0
23.0
- 6.0
- - ki
-12.3
- 9.8
-11.8
- 6.0
- 5.0
I 6
22.8
- 6.1
8.6
- 9.5 - 7.2 -14.1
- 6.1
-4 7 .8 -w.o
18.1
- 7.0
..- 11.2
-17.1
.
-21.0
Fort Whipple ............................... W'aahingtoii (near) ........................ Fort Smith .................................... Fort Jones .................................... Camp Bidwell ............................... Fort Garlniid .................................
9 0
0
-17 -IO
.-3p
................. 1-
nIoutgowrj ................................. ! 8 Yubile ........................................ I 14 Wort Apnche ................................ - z Prrscotc ........................................ -18
LittleHock ................................... b
Fort Smith ................................... g . Red BLult'. ..-... a5
Sun Wruucieco 34 Beliver -25 Pika'a l'euk -37 New Loudou ................................. - I
New Haven.. ................................ - 4
Forts Buford and Btevensun -40
l'embiua -59 D e l a s a i ~ Breakwater ..................... I
\\'whiugtou C'ity ............................ -13
lies west ...................................... 44 Atluutu ....................................... I
Augusta ..................................... 7 Lesiatun ...................................... -16
BuisC City ............................ ........ I
-16
l7 Pruaucolu
Syringtield ................................... -14 Chicago ................._..................... -15
Indiauapolin ................................. -15
I i o
............................. ................................ ......................................... ...................................
........... .......................................
....................................
i
Fort Delaware ............................. Washlngtou City ............................. Fort Barrancas ............................. Key Weet ...................................... McPherson Barrwks ...................... Augnsta Araenal ......................... Fort Hull ...................................... Fort Lapwai ................................. Rock Island Arsenal ..................... Chicago ........................................ Wabaah ......................................... Spiceland ..........................-........... Fort Sill ....................................... CMBCO .......................................... Dubnque ....................................... Fort Wallace ................................ Fort Leavenworth ....................... Newport Barracks ......................... Oskaloosr, .................................... New Orleaus ................................. Gardlner ....................................... Portland ....................................... Emniitsburg ................................ Baltimore ...................................... Billerlca ....................................... Williamstown ............................... Fort Brady .................................... Detroit ........................................ Fort Ripley ................................... Fort Bnelling ................................ Vickeburg ................................... Fayette ........................................ Rolla (near) ................................ .. Saint Louis- .................................. Fort B a t o n ................................. Cump Baker ................................. Sydney Barrncks ..... , ..................... Glendale ...................................... Fort Halleck ................................. Dartmouth College ....................... Linden .......................................... Paterson ...-.. .............................. Fort Union .................................. Madinon Burracks .......................... Rochester ................ .... .................. Leuoir .......................................... Fort Johnson ............................... Keuton ......................................... College Hill ................................... Eola ............................................ Fort Dallea ..... ......., ...................... Lewlsburg .................................... Phlladelphia ................................ Providence .................................... Aikeu ............................................ Charleaton ................................... Clarksville .................................... Humboldt ...................................... Camp Stockton ............................. Fort GriWn ................................... Fort Crlttenden ....... , .................... Camp Dough ............................... Liinenburg .................................. Alexandria ................................... Fortress Monroe ........................... Fort Colville ................................ Fort Towusend .............................. Flemlngton ................................... Fort Howard ................................. Milwaukee .................................... Fort Fetterman ............................ Fort Bridger .................................
Wort Sill ....................................... 2
Davenport ................................... -17 Uubuque ........................................ Dodge City .................................... -15 Leavenworth ............ : ................... Luuisville 7 Bhreveyort .................................... IO
New Urlenns ................................. 20
Euatpurt ....................................... I -0
Purrluud ............................... ......I -12
hltiluora ...................................... - 3 'I:
.......................................
............................................................. Booto11 .......................................... -11 Kpringneld i .................................... -IO
Eacunaba ....................................... -23 Detroit .... ............. ,. ....................... -11
Saint \ ~n r c ~n t ................................ -e Suint Paul .................................... -= Vicksburg ..................................... 12
! g
15 4s I
IO
-30 -15 -a
-18 -18
-35 -a Y
I -IO
.-M
-11
rlg IO
19 -24
-13 -19 4
-19
-1
-13
-@
-a 17
-2 3 7 -52
.-53
-37 -30 -2 2
-9 -111
6
-28
-4 4
9
9
8
6
-23
3
3
4 3 9 7
8
-30
17 -22
-21
-38 -19
-36 18
-m
11
-10
-m
-12
-12
a0
-2
12
-22
~~ ~~~
.
Saint Luuia .................................... I -15 Springtield ..................................... 4
Furt h t u u ................................. --59 Fort Assiunbuine .......................... -42
o ~a i i a .......................................... -17
North l'latte ................................. -2 7 Winnnnueru ................................. -20
Srutly Hook ................................... Bnruvgat City ............................... - 7 Snllta Mi. ....................................... -13
Churlotte ...................................... - 5 Kitty H a r k .................................. S Sendusky ...................................... -13 Clevelund aud Columbun ............... -12
Eweburg ..................................... 7 Purtluud ....................................... 3 Erie .............................................. -11
Philndelphia ................................ - 5
Nesport ...................................... - 3 Charleatun .................................... 13
........................ n h u t \\'ushiiigtuu - 3;
ltuclieater ...................................... -I{
AlSruy .......................................... -
Nebraaka ..................... Do ...................... Nevada ........................ New Hanipshire New J e m y .................. Do ........................ New Mexico ................. New York .................... DO ........................ North Carollua ............ DO ........................ Ohio .................. i ......... Do ........................ Oregon ........................ DO ....................... Pennsylvania ............... DO ........................ Rhode Island ............... South Carolina ............ Do Tennee nee. .................... Do ........................ Texan .......................... Do ........................ Utah Do
Vi 'nia ............-........ T o ....................... Wsshington Territory- Do ........................ Weat Virginia _
...........
...........................
Vermbnt
Nushville ........................................ 2
Knoxville ................... ................... 5
Fort Stocktuii ................................ 8
Fort Elliott ................................... .-IO
Salt Lake City ............................... -IO
Omaha ............................................. !-17.0
North Platte .................................. I-18.0
Winnminrca .................................... i 0.0
Mount Washington
Sandy Hook ...................................... i-4::: Baruegat City ................................... !- 0.1
snnta FB .......................................... 2.0
Rochester ......................................... /-1o.5 Charlotte .......................................... 11.0
Kitty Hnwk ................................... 1 14.7 Sundus1.y ......................................... -11.3
Colnmbns ......................................... - 7 9 Roaeburg ......................................... 19.2 Portlaud .......................................... 12.0
Erie ................................................. 5.9
Phlladelphia .................................... 0.8 Block Inland .................................... - 3.2
Charleston ....................................... 20.0
........................................................................................... Nashville ......................................... 0.9
Knoxville ......................................... 5.2
Fort Xtuckton ................................. 13.8
..........................
Albany ............................................. 1-15.9
Fort Elliott ...................................... - 1.0
Salt Lake City 6.6
...........................................................................................
Lynchburg ............................. ......... 5.5
Norfolk ............................................ I 12.2
Olympia .......................................... 1 8.0
Duyton ............................................ 1-26.0
.................................
i .........................................................................................
~~
.......
Burlingtun .................................... -19 Lynchburg .................................... 5 Nurlolk ......................................... 6 Ulylupia ...................................... 8 Dayton ......................................... o .
La Croaae . ....._............................. -za Milwaukee ................................... -111
................................ Murgautown -4
C!heyenue ..................................... -2 4
Fort Washakie -7 ............................
..
Lowest froni any other suurcv .
I
I-
1 2
I ............... ............... 1855
..............
1
1545 t ..i..si7..
I ..... ........, I ........ iE.
I ............... 1879
I 1879
I ............... I ............... ............... ...............
I ............... Isso
I 3: .............. ............... ISSO
1%
1519
1876
...............
........ .....,
............... .............. I&
.....
1
........ ............... ............... I
1
.............
1:
IW
.............. ............... ............ ............... ! ............... 1568
j ...............
............... 18r0 1880
1855 1871
1890
1816 1880
1e9
1% 186t
............... ..... " ......
...............
I ...... ........, ............... 1680
...............
1
1680
.............. ............... ...............
1 :% ............... ............... ............... ...............
New Tor&.. North Volney. Oswego county: mean tempera-
ture. 36O.5, is 0O.Y a*bove the December werage for the last
seventeen years . Palermo. Oswego connty : mean temperature. '13O.6, is OO.9
below the llecember average for the 1iMt thirty-one ywrs . Ohio.-Wauseon, F u l ton county : mean temperature. 2.1O.5, is
' 2O.2 below the December average for the last fourteen years .
Penwylvania.-Dyberry, Wayne county : mean temperature.
~
27O.5, is 2O.5 above the December average for the last twenty
yews . Vermont.-Woodstock, Windsor county : mean temperatam. 210.8, is 2 O .2 above the December average for the last seven- teen yews . Virginia.-Wytheville, Wythe county : mean temperature.
LOW TEMPERATURES.
The followiug iiotes relatiug to t h e low teltll)erii,t1lrt?s of ])e -
ckmber, 1884, have been reported :
Colorado.-West. La,s Animas : on the 24th the tcnipera.ture
fell to -6O.8, sud ou tho 31ftt it fall to -21O.5. Dukoi%.-Fort Bennett : the minimum temperature of the
25th was -41O.3; the lowest previousl~ recorded since 188U
wm -42O in Janua.ry, 1SS3. Florida.-Peusncola, 19th : the firnt ice of t,he season fornied on thi8 date ; the temperature fell to 23O, which is the lowest recorded since this station wa,s opened in 1879, with one escep.
tion, viz.: l'io ou December 30th, 1880. IZZinois.-Chicago : on the 18th the tetnperature remaiiiecl
below zero all day, the daily meau beiug -8O.6; on the nioim- ing of the 19th t h e lowest temperatmure recorded was -110.3.
Iotm-Des M'oines: on t,he 18th the temperature did not
rise abore zero, and on the a. m. of the 19th the thermometer registered -1SO.3, being the lowest that has been recorded in December since Signrtl Service observations were beguu in
1878. Maine.-Portland : intensely cold weather prevailed in the northern :tiid central portions of the Atate on t.be 27th, the following tenipei%tiiiw being reported : from -9 3 O t,o -260 at Buckfield, Ceuton, Farulington, Strong, and Waterville ; and
-Xio at Farulington Falls. Eastport : the minimum temperature, --3l0, oil t h e moriiiug of the 2Oth, is the lowe& recorded since the establishment of' this Rtetion in 1874; in January, 1874, and December, 1875, the temperature fell to -ZOO, being the next lomeet on t h e
record. Bangor: on the moimingof the 20th thermoiueters in varioun
localities in this viciuity showed temperatures ranging from -20 to -24O; at .noon the temperature was about zero, and at night i t had fallen to -loo; ou the moruiug of the 3Lst it was
-6O, and rose rapidly during the day. On the 27th tern- peratuim varying from -loo to -15O mere recorded, and re- ports from Holton, ninety mileft north, state that the t,emper-
atme fell to 3 5 O . Micliiga+.-Eucleon : the night of the 17-18th WRX the coldest t h a t has been experienced for the laet fifteen years, the tempera,- ture falling to -28O. Minwola.-Saiut Paul : on the 95tmlt the t,emperature was
stationary a t -37O from 5.58 to 9.30 a. IU. A self-registering thermometer attached to a wooden box and exposed on the roof of the building recorded a temperature of -3tSO.5.
Montmu.-Fort Assinaboine : the miuiinum temperatiires ou the 24th aud 25th, 4 7 O .2 and -6OO.0, are the lowest of which there is a record; mercury froze on the SBd, %th, and 25th. Fort Benton : the minimum temperatiire on the 94th, -5GO.5, is, wit.h the exception of -59O in 1880, the lowest on the recordu
of this office.
2
38O.3, is 3O.2 above the December sver;i.ge for a period of
twentj yearn. Variety Mills, Nelson mutiby : meau temperature, 3 8 O .1 , is
1O.4 above the December average for the lant eight yearn.
- -
In tlie following table are showu the daily extremes and the
mean temperatures at, the coldest strations in Minnesota, Da- kota, and Montann. As tlie cold weather get in about the
middle of tlie mouth, tlie weans for the first fifteen dayys and
16 ................. I7 ................. 1s .................. 19 .................. 20 .................. 21 ..................
23 .................. 4 .................. 2s .................
20 ................. a7 ..................
2\ ................. 2g .................. 30 .................. 31 ..................
Meana ......
22 ..................
Poplar River, I Fort Buford, Mont. Dak. D&.
- 3.41-27.0-1?.7- 9.345.91-15.1'- 4.0~-27.0-14.1-16.5~49.8-22.6
1 1 .1 -2 2 -4 -24.5-47.51-34.8;-15.71-24.9-17.7 -19.0 *1.:-28.0
-13.9,-28.9-2o.g--r4.9-39.5-27.~'-13.~~--39.o-26.0-15.0-~9.0--15.4
- 7.8-50.0-20.4- 4.51-.$7.6-20+ 1 .5 36.0-16.2 30.5-24. 2.7
-II.0-37.5-19.0-Io.1~-~7.443.f~ 2 1-15 0' 10.2-14.04S.O-20.0 -11.0-28.5 -15.7 -11.51-35.4 -24.8/-11:0 --26:oL8.9 -14.0-26.5-21.
-1 .O ~.g-2~.2-16.21~.2-30.1,- 3.5--l5.0/-14.8-12.0-28. -2 2 .i
- 7.0-25.0-10.2- 1.8-2o.gi--II.O~ 1.0 16.0- 7.0- 5-20.8-10.7
- 7.7-27.1-12.8- 7.3-Ib.11-11.31
- 3.0-15.3- 8. 0.j-12.81- 6.91- 1.d: 5.9- 2.b- 6.5-10.5- 8.8
- 8.7-29.5-17.8- 6.8'-30.1 -20.7 0.81-16.0- 8.7- 7.5-34. 4 1 .0
-17.7 -32.3 -24.3 12.6 -31.8'46.7!- 5.0 -20.0-1~.3 -15.0-34.~-28.3
-25.0-47.2 -36.8 -29.j-56.5 -44.3'-24.2'-47.5 -36.6 -24.0 -44.5-32.9
- 1.0-13.0- 3.3 1.51-11.4- 5.2! 3 .k 7.91- 0.8- 1.5- e.:- 6.1
1.6-18.4- 8.4 o.z-q.5-11.2' 3.1- 2.0- 0.4- 2.0-25.0-14.7
-11.4 G.6 -26.9 -17.61-46.1 -28.2~-13.5-34.0-22.7 - 6.015.: -11.4
0.0-12.0- 5.3- %:5-15.5-10.
I -10.5 -31.7 -18.6 -10.3~ 32.7 4 1 .i- 5.O1-22.1I-I3.6 - 8.3 4 7 . I -18.0
I
. I-
I ..................
3 4 .................
2... .............. ..................
5 ................... 0 ................. 7 ................. 8
9 ................. ................. IO ............. : ..... II .................. ................. .................. .................. ..................
12
14 15
.................. ..................
21 .................. zz ................. 23 ..................
25 ................. 26 .................. 27 ................. 28 .................. 29 .................. 30 ..................
24 ..................
31 ..................
New Pork.-Rome, Oneida county: the temperature fell to
Lyons, W a p e county : the 90th W ~L I the coldest day known
,
4 2 O on the morning of the 30th.
30!! MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW. DECEMBER, 1884.
- -
New Eng!iiiul ................... ........................ Middle Aclnntic dtatea ........................ Sonth Atlnntic alntes .................................................. Flurid8 pe~rinn~ln ........................................................ Eastern Gnlfetntee ..................................................... Weaterii Gulf etatea .................................................... Rio Graude valley Tenueasee... Ohio vnlley ................................................................. Lusrr iakr rrgion Upper lnkrregion Extreine iriirtliwest Upper Mireinaip ......... .................... Miseouri valley ......... .................... Northern nlaqie.. ......... ....................
Po~itliern dope
Sontlieru plntenu ....................................................... ..........................................
North Pncific conit region ........................................... Middle Pacific coast region
Sonth Pnciflc roapt reglain ............................................ Mouut Wanlrington, N. H Plke's Peak, Colo
.....
...................................................... ................................................................
...................................................... ........................................................ ....................................................
........................................... ............................................................
...........................................
..........................................
........................................... .........................................................
in this section for mauy .years; at 4 ii,. m. the tlierniometer iu-
diuated -99O.
Watmtowu, Jeffersou county : tlie weather ou the 30th R U C ~
Blst, throughout northeru New York, WRS t.he coldest kuown for mauy years. At this place the ternpera.ture fell to -98O ou the 2Oth, aud to -38O on tlie 31st ; a,t other points in the connt,y
it fell to -No.
Oswego: the iiiiniiiium temperatiire, -1 7 O .5 011 the SOth, is t h e lowest recorded since the openiug of the signal office here,
in 1871. Rochester : the minimuui temperature, -1OO.5, ou t,he ~iiorn-
ing of the 90bh is the lowest recorded in Deceuiber since Sig- nal Service observatious were begun in 1871 ; lower temperiI.- ture thau tlie above has occurred iu two iusta.ucea only, riz:
-13O in Jauiia,ry, 1873, and t,lie sa,me in February, 1875. North Carolin.a.-Obarlotte : weather r e p cold on the 19th ;
minimum teqerature, 1l0 ; planes in t h e hot-houses were
killed. Fort Macon : ou the 19th: tlie teuiper:iture fell to 1.5O.9 ; OD
the SOtli, ice was two iuclies thick. Scott% Hill, 19th : weather very cold, niinimniii tempera-
ture, 1 1 O .
South Carolina.-ctiarlest,on : the fouutains auf~ pumps iu
the city froze on the 19th. Virginia..-Cepe Henry : the luiiiiuiiui temperature ou the Both, 15O.3, is the lowest with two exceptions, viz : 19O in 1876
and 'io in 1880, that has been recorded siuce this statiou was
opened in 1873. Washington !Z'erritory.-Daytou : on tlie 31st the tempera f;ure fell to -!36O, being the lowest temperature yet recorded
here; observations were begun in 1880. WiscOnttit~-I~a, Crosse : minimum temperature 011 the 35th was -26O, Ht 8 a. ni. ; this hats beeu eqiialled in December iu but an instance, r i z : in 1876, since thestation was established,
in 1873. W~oit~ir~~.-Cheyeuiie : on the a,fteruoon of the 15th the tem- pera.tiire fell from 3 3 O t.0 -So iu four hours, and on the 93d it
fell from 49O at 3 p. m. to -12O at 6 p. m.; arauge of 5 1 O .
On the lGth the daily memi tempera,tnre was -7O.0, the low-
est beiug -13O.4.
FROBTS.
Frosts occurred in the various districts on the following
New E,tiglattd.-lat t.0 98t,li. Middie Atlantic &ate$.-1st ti) llth, 13t11, l-ltli, l6t.h to SSth,
30th. Sodi. Atlmtk? stales.-1st to Ath, Sth, 9th, 10tmh, 13th, 16th
to 98th. Florida peniwula.-Snnford, 3d ; Cedar Keys, 19th, 30th ;
Archer, 3d, 3d, loth, 19th, 30th; TallahasNee, 19th; Limoua, 3d: Newport, 31, 3d,19th, 90th, Manatee, 3c1, 4th.
2Oth, SlRt, 25th, 36th.
16th, Nth, 19th, 26th, 31tst..
20th, 33d to SSth, 31st.
90th, 35tli,36th, 37th.
27th.
clates :
&8t &df 8bfiik8.-1St7 3~1, Sth, gth, l G t h , 18th, 19bh,
W68t Gulf 8tabM.-lst to &h, 6th, 7tb, 8t,h, 1%h, 13th, 1%h,
.Tmanessee.-lst to 6th, 7th to loth, 13th, 13th, l-lth, l G t l i to
Ohio Fal@.-lst to 5th, Sth, Ot.11, loth, 13th, ldth, lSth, 19th,
Lower lake region.-lst to loth, lYth, 30th, 33~1, 35th, 9Gt.h,
Upper lake re(llon.-lst to Pth, 9th to Xth, 30th, 31st. Eztrenbe ~orthwest.-lst to 31st.
Mis8ouri vally.-1st to 31at.
Middle slope.-1st to Bth, 8th to 18tl1, 30th to 31st.
Sowthern shpe.-lst, 2d, 3d, 7th, otlr, lltli, l%h, l.'tli, 16tli,
Southern p1akau.-1st to 31st.
Upper Mississi,p.c' d@.-ht t.0 Btb, 8th ti 97t11, 3 1 t h
No?'thW?b slop.-lst to 18th, 30th to 3ht.
l7th, 19th, 20th, 2 1 ~t , 25th, 96th, 97th.
Middle plaleau.-lSt to Gth, Lltli, loth, l l t h , 28th to 31st.
--I . . --I-_-
b c l m . Irrr;hea Inch-.
3.32 0.11
3 .p 5.55 4.30 4.69
2.49 3.79 5.36 7.10 3.93 9.81 1.94 -1.11
3.67 5.16 2.86 2.90
2.50 4.89
0.92 o.gg
1.46 4.24 0.78 0.82
0 .9 1.09
0.04 1.17
0.73 1.77 1.w
1.05 3.91 .86
1.14 2.70
3.30 4.21 .9I 8.16 7.51 4.26 8.61
2.08 3.88
5.46 4.70 -0.76 1.24 1.50 +.6
2::
4.42 6"$ .ol
p
glt
Northem platea.u.--lst to 18th, 37th to 31st. Norlilt Pa&Jic coast region.-lst to 13th, 15th. Middle Pacific one2 region.-lst; to 6th, 9th to 16th, 27th, 99th, 31)th, 31st.
1Sotith Pao[fio coaxt regioe.-Los AiigeleR, Ca,lifornia, Srl, 3d,
Gth, 13th to 17th; Poway, California., l R t , Scl, 3d, 14th to 17th,
30th.
ICE.
Ice firnied at sta.tionrs in the South, dnriug December, its
Ja.cksourille and Peusacola, Florida, lOtli. Wilmiiigtou, Worth Carolina,, 19th.
Aug tis ta , Georgia, 19 t,li , 9Mi. New Orleaus, Louisiana, 19th. Galwstou, Texas, 18th. Indiaiiola, Tesas, lSth, 96th.
Browiiwille, Texas, 95bl1, 96th.
Fort Sbockton, Tems, lStli, 18tl1, 19th, 35t.h, 96th.
follows :
PRECIPITATION.
[E.rpessed in icwhrs ajrd hundr~edtlia.]
The clistribiitiou of rainfall over the United States and Can- ada, for the month of December, 1884, as determined by the re- ports froin more than seven linndred etetious, is exhibited on chart iii. In the followiug table are shown, for each of the geo-
graph icirl districts, as deduced from Signal Service observa- tious, the average December precipitation for a series of years ;
the average for December, 1884, aud the departures from the normal.
A a t m p precipiinlion for December. 1884. .... -
~
I I
l l i ~t r i c t ~.
I Averup fur Uec. '
With the esceptiou of the uortli Pacific comt regiou, Rio Graiicle valley, and at :L few scatteriug sfatious in other dis- trict,s, t,he precipitation for December has been excessive thronghout the Guited States. Iu tlie upper Mississippi va.lley, west Gulf states, soiithern plateau, aud iu the middle Pacific coa& region, it has been
esceptiona,lly heavy, beiug more thau double the average i n these districts.
Decided excesses over the average also occurred in the upper lake regioii, New Euglaud, middle Atlantic states, Ten-
uessee, Ohio valley, east Gulf states and Florida, the depart- ures rarying from 1.30 in Florida to 2.79 in New England. At Little Rock, Arkansas, the monthly precipitation was 16.92, or itn escess of 13.40 over the December avera.ge for t h e four .
prececliug years; at Shreveport, Louisiana, i t waa 15.66, or an excess of 10.91 as compared with the average for the la&