Identification_Information: 
  Citation: 
    Citation_Information: 
      Originator: Dr. Franklyn Tan Te
      Originator: Department of Zoology, University of Hawaii at Manoa
      Originator: Dr. Paul Jokiel
      Originator: Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology
      Originator: Dr. Evelyn F. Cox
      Originator: Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology
      Publication_Date: Unpublished material
      Title: Sediment Processes on the Coral Reefs of Kahoolawe: A Rapid Field Assessment in 1993 (NODC Accession 0000883)
      Online_Linkage: http://www.nodc.noaa.gov/cgi-bin/search/prod/accessionsView.pl/details/883
  Description: 
    Abstract: The nearshore coral ecosystems of Kahoolawe were rapidly assessed in 1993. Surveys were made of the coral coverage, fish communities, and sediment types from 19 locations. This data has been published in a technical report (Jokiel et. al,1995) and a PhD Dissertation (Te, 2000).
    Purpose: Assess the status of the coral ecosystems and the extent to which anthropogenic factors such as soil runoff has affected the marine environment.
    Supplemental_Information: NOAA Supplemental:Entry_ID: Unknown Sensor_Name: SCUBA, visual census Sensor_Name: PVC core samplers Sensor_Name: USA Standard Testing Sieve: A.S.T.M.E.-11 specifications with opening diameters of 500 um and 63 um) Project_Campaign: NOAA Cooperative Agreement # NA 270M0327 Originating_Center: Hawaii Institue of Marine Biology Storage_Medium: MS Word and ASCII Online_size: 1550 Kbytes
  Time_Period_of_Content: 
    Time_Period_Information: 
      Range_of_Dates/Times: 
        Beginning_Date: 19930322
        Beginning_Time: 0800
        Ending_Date: 19930529
        Ending_Time: 1500
    Currentness_Reference: ground condition
  Status: 
    Progress: Complete
    Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None Planned
  Spatial_Domain: 
    Bounding_Coordinates: 
      West_Bounding_Coordinate: -156.71
      East_Bounding_Coordinate: -156.53
      North_Bounding_Coordinate: 20.60
      South_Bounding_Coordinate: 20.51
  Keywords: 
    Theme: 
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
      Theme_Keyword: benthic
      Theme_Keyword: sediment
      Theme_Keyword: coral
      Theme_Keyword: coral reef ecosystem
      Theme_Keyword: fish
      Theme_Keyword: grain size of sediments
      Theme_Keyword: mineralogy of sediments
      Theme_Keyword: coral coverage
      Theme_Keyword: coral diversity
      Theme_Keyword: mean diameter of coral colonies
      Theme_Keyword: number of coral species
      Theme_Keyword: fish diversity
      Theme_Keyword: species richness
    Theme: 
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus
      Theme_Keyword: Numeric Data Sets > Benthic
    Theme: 
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Theme Thesaurus
      Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Benthic Habitat
      Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology > Coral Cover
      Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Reef Fish Census
      Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Rapid Assessment Studies
    Theme: 
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
      Theme_Keyword: biota
      Theme_Keyword: 002
      Theme_Keyword: oceans
      Theme_Keyword: 014
      Theme_Keyword: environment
      Theme_Keyword: 007
    Place: 
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Place Thesaurus
      Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Kahoolawe Island > Kahoolawe Island (20N156W0001)
      Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Kalawao > Kahoolawe Island (20N156W0001)
    Place: 
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
      Place_Keyword: North Pacific
      Place_Keyword: Hawaii
      Place_Keyword: Kahoolawe
      Place_Keyword: Kamo'hio (west side)
      Place_Keyword: Wai Kahalulu (east)
      Place_Keyword: Wai Kahalulu (west)
      Place_Keyword: Keoneuli (Beck Cove)
      Place_Keyword: Papakanui
      Place_Keyword: Hakioawa (south)
      Place_Keyword: Ku'heia (west)
      Place_Keyword: Hana Kanaia (Smuggler's Cove)
      Place_Keyword: Twin Sands (east)
      Place_Keyword: Maka'alae
      Place_Keyword: Ahupu (east)
      Place_Keyword: O awa palua
      Place_Keyword: Sailor's Hat
      Place_Keyword: Honokoa (east)
      Place_Keyword: Kaukamoku (east)
      Place_Keyword: Kaukamoku (into beach)
      Place_Keyword: Ahupu
      Place_Keyword: east of Wa'aiki
      Place_Keyword: Papakaiki
      Place_Keyword: Black Rock
      Place_Keyword: Lae Paki (east)
      Place_Keyword: North Kanapou
      Place_Keyword: Lae o Halona
      Place_Keyword: O awa wahie
    Stratum: 
      Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
      Stratum_Keyword: benthic
  Access_Constraints: None
  Use_Constraints: NOAA and NODC would appreciate recognition as the resource from which these data were obtained in any publications and/or other representations of these data.
  Point_of_Contact: 
    Contact_Information: 
      Contact_Person_Primary: 
        Contact_Person: Dr. Evelyn Cox
        Contact_Organization: Hawaii Institue of Marine Biology
      Contact_Position: Data manager and researcher
      Contact_Address: 
        Address_Type: mailing address
        Address: PO Box 1346
        City: Kaneohe
        State_or_Province: Hawaii
        Postal_Code: 96744
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808-236-7440
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: fcox@hawaii.edu
  Data_Set_Credit: NOAA Cooperative agreement # NA 270M0327 Hawaii Institute for Marine Biology Department of Zoology University of Hawaii
  Native_Data_Set_Environment: MS Word
Data_Quality_Information: 
  Logical_Consistency_Report: see Lineage - Process Step
  Completeness_Report: none
  Lineage: 
    Source_Information: 
      Source_Citation: 
        Citation_Information: 
          Originator: W. D. Bischoff
          Originator: F. Bishop
          Originator: F.T. Mackenzie
          Publication_Date: 1993
          Title: Biogenically produced magnesium calcite in homogeneities in chemical and physical properties: Comparison with synthetic phases
          Series_Information: 
            Series_name: Am. Mineral
            Issue_Identification: 68: 1183-1188
      Type_of_Source_Media: paper
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 
        Time_Period_Information: 
          Single_Date/Time: 
            Calendar_Date: 1993
        Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Bischoff and others, 1993
      Source_Contribution: magnesium calcite properties
    Source_Information: 
      Source_Citation: 
        Citation_Information: 
          Originator: E. F. Cox
          Originator: P. L. Jokiel
          Originator: F. T. Te
          Originator: F. Stanton
          Publication_Date: 1993
          Title: Coral reefs of Kahoolawe, Hawaii I: Community structure of corals and reef fish
          Other_Citation_Details: Final Report for the Cooperative agreement # NA 270M0327
      Type_of_Source_Media: paper
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 
        Time_Period_Information: 
          Single_Date/Time: 
            Calendar_Date: 1993
        Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Cox and others, 1993
      Source_Contribution: Community structure of corals and reef fish
    Source_Information: 
      Source_Citation: 
        Citation_Information: 
          Originator: M. N. Dethier
          Originator: E. S. Graham
          Originator: S. Cohen
          Originator: L. M. Tear
          Publication_Date: 1993
          Title: Visual versus random-point percent cover estimations: 'objective' is not always better
          Series_Information: 
            Series_name: Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.
            Issue_Identification: 96:93-100
      Type_of_Source_Media: paper
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 
        Time_Period_Information: 
          Single_Date/Time: 
            Calendar_Date: 1993
        Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Dethier and others, 1993
      Source_Contribution: Visual versus random-point percent cover estimations
    Source_Information: 
      Source_Citation: 
        Citation_Information: 
          Originator: P. L. Jokiel
          Originator: J. E. Maragos
          Originator: L. Franzisket
          Publication_Date: 1978
          Title: Coral growth:  buoyant weight technique
          Larger_Work_Citation: 
            Citation_Information: 
              Originator: D. R. Stoddart
              Originator: R. E. Johannes
              Publication_Date: 1978
              Title: Coral reefs: Research methods. UNESCO Monographs on Oceanographic Methodology
              Other_Citation_Details: pp. 529-542
      Type_of_Source_Media: paper
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 
        Time_Period_Information: 
          Single_Date/Time: 
            Calendar_Date: 1978
        Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Jokiel and others, 1978
      Source_Contribution: buoyant weight technique for coral growth
    Source_Information: 
      Source_Citation: 
        Citation_Information: 
          Originator: P. L. Jokiel
          Originator: W. A. Tyler III
          Publication_Date: 1992
          Title: Distribution of stony corals in Johnston Atoll lagoon
          Series_Information: 
            Series_name: Proc. 7th Int. Coral Reef Symp.
            Issue_Identification: 2:683-692
      Type_of_Source_Media: paper
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 
        Time_Period_Information: 
          Single_Date/Time: 
            Calendar_Date: 1992
        Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Jokiel and Tyler, 1992
      Source_Contribution: Distribution of stony corals
    Source_Information: 
      Source_Citation: 
        Citation_Information: 
          Originator: Y. Loya
          Publication_Date: 1972
          Title: Community structure and species diversity of hermatypic corals at Eilat, Red Sea
          Series_Information: 
            Series_name: Mar. Biol.
            Issue_Identification: 13:100-123
      Type_of_Source_Media: paper
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 
        Time_Period_Information: 
          Single_Date/Time: 
            Calendar_Date: 1972
        Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Loya, 1972
      Source_Contribution: structure and species diversity
    Source_Information: 
      Source_Citation: 
        Citation_Information: 
          Originator: J. E. Maragos
          Originator: P. L. Jokiel
          Publication_Date: 1986
          Title: Reef corals of Johnston Atoll: one of the world's most isolated reefs
          Series_Information: 
            Series_name: Coral Reefs
            Issue_Identification: 4:141-150
      Type_of_Source_Media: paper
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 
        Time_Period_Information: 
          Single_Date/Time: 
            Calendar_Date: 1986
        Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Maragos and Jokiel, 1986
      Source_Contribution: Johnston Atoll Reef corals
    Source_Information: 
      Source_Citation: 
        Citation_Information: 
          Originator: J. E. Maragos
          Publication_Date: 1977
          Title: Order Scleractinia
          Larger_Work_Citation: 
            Citation_Information: 
              Originator: D. M. Devaney
              Originator: L. G. Eldredge
              Publication_Date: 1977
              Title: Reef and shore fauna of Hawaii. Section I: Protozoa through Ctenophora
              Publication_Information: 
                Publication_Place: Honolulu, Hawaii
                Publisher: Bishop Museum Press
              Other_Citation_Details: B. P. Bishop Museum Special Publication 64
      Type_of_Source_Media: paper
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 
        Time_Period_Information: 
          Single_Date/Time: 
            Calendar_Date: 1977
        Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Maragos, 1977
      Source_Contribution: Reef and shore fauna of Hawaii
    Source_Information: 
      Source_Citation: 
        Citation_Information: 
          Originator: J. McManus
          Publication_Date: 1988
          Title: Grain size determination and interpretation
          Publication_Information: 
            Publication_Place: Oxford, England
            Publisher: Blackwell Scientific Publications
          Other_Citation_Details: pp. 63-85
          Larger_Work_Citation: 
            Citation_Information: 
              Originator: M. Tucker, ed
              Publication_Date: 1988
              Title: Techniques in Sedimentology
      Type_of_Source_Media: paper
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 
        Time_Period_Information: 
          Single_Date/Time: 
            Calendar_Date: 1988
        Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: McManus, 1988
      Source_Contribution: Grain size determination and interpretation
    Source_Information: 
      Source_Citation: 
        Citation_Information: 
          Originator: J. W. Morse
          Originator: F.T. Mackenzie
          Publication_Date: 1990
          Title: Geochemistry of Sedimentary Carbonates
          Publication_Information: 
            Publication_Place: Amsterdam, Netherlands
            Publisher: Elsevier Science publishs
          Other_Citation_Details: 707 pages
      Type_of_Source_Media: paper
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 
        Time_Period_Information: 
          Single_Date/Time: 
            Calendar_Date: 1990
        Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Morse and Mackenzie, 1990
      Source_Contribution: Geochemistry of Sedimentary Carbonate
    Source_Information: 
      Source_Citation: 
        Citation_Information: 
          Originator: C. L. Sabine
          Publication_Date: 1991
          Title: Geochemistry of particulate and dissolved inorganic carbon in the central north Pacific
          Publication_Information: 
            Publication_Place: Honolulu, Hawaii
            Publisher: Department of Oceanography, University of Hawaii
          Other_Citation_Details: Ph.D. dissertation, 249 pages
      Type_of_Source_Media: paper
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 
        Time_Period_Information: 
          Single_Date/Time: 
            Calendar_Date: 1991
        Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Sabine, 1991
      Source_Contribution: Geochemistry
    Source_Information: 
      Source_Citation: 
        Citation_Information: 
          Originator: SAS Institute, Inc
          Publication_Date: 1988
          Title: SAS/STAT Users Guide
          Publication_Information: 
            Publication_Place: Cary, NC
            Publisher: SAS Institute
          Other_Citation_Details: Release 6.03 edition
      Type_of_Source_Media: paper
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 
        Time_Period_Information: 
          Single_Date/Time: 
            Calendar_Date: 1988
        Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: SAS Institute Inc., 1988.
      Source_Contribution: SAS/STAT Users Guide
    Source_Information: 
      Source_Citation: 
        Citation_Information: 
          Originator: M. Sato
          Publication_Date: 1985
          Title: Mortality and Growth of Juvenile Coral Pocillopora damicornis (Linnaeus)
          Series_Information: 
            Series_name: Coral Reefs
            Issue_Identification: 4: 27-33
      Type_of_Source_Media: paper
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 
        Time_Period_Information: 
          Single_Date/Time: 
            Calendar_Date: 1985
        Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Sato, 1985
      Source_Contribution: Mortality and Growth of Juvenile Coral
    Source_Information: 
      Source_Citation: 
        Citation_Information: 
          Originator: F. T. Te
          Publication_Date: 2000
          Title: Responses of Hawaiian Scleractinian corals to different levels of terrestrial and carbonate sediment
          Publication_Information: 
            Publication_Place: Honolulu, Hawaii
            Publisher: Department of Zoology, University of Hawaii
          Other_Citation_Details: Ph.D. dissertation
      Type_of_Source_Media: paper
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 
        Time_Period_Information: 
          Single_Date/Time: 
            Calendar_Date: 2000
        Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Te, 2000
      Source_Contribution: Hawaiian Scleractinian coral response
    Process_Step: 
      Process_Description: Sediment Sample collection and preparation Bulk Samples. Sediments were collected at 19 sites around the island at the same siteswhere coral community composition was measured.   When possible, sediment samples were collected from two depths (3m and 10m).  A hand-held plastic scoop was used to collect samples in areas along the transect lines that had sediment accumulation. These transect lines were also used in the fish and coral surveys (Cox et al., 1993).   About four scoops (roughly 40-100grams) of unconsolidated surface sediment were taken at each station and placed into plastic bags  (Whirlpak brand).   These plastic bags were then sealed and stored in wet condition for later analysis by wet sieving(McManus, 1988). Core Samples:  Core samples were taken from 5 randomly chosen sites along the northerncoastline of Kahoolawe.  Observations from the first site visit in March 1993, suggested that the northern coast was heavily sedimented and an in-depth investigation of sediment loads impacting these areas was undertaken. Core samples were obtained in replicates of two at 50 m intervals, starting at the water line on the beach and moving seaward through the central partof each bay.  Polyvinylchloride  (PVC) pipes of 18 mm in diameter and 300 mmlength were used as sampling devices at each station.  The PVC core samplerswere manually pushed into the sediment and both ends capped tightly in the water before being brought up to the surface.   All the core samples werekept frozen prior to analysis. A modified core extraction method was used due to the small diameterof the cores (18 mm).  Briefly, the core samples were allowed to thaw and then extracted from the PVC samplers by opening the lower end cap first and then slowly opening the top cap.  The sediment cores came out slowly from the tubes after the top cap was removed.  In a few cases when the cores were too sticky, a small glass-tip plunger was used to slowly push air through the PVC sampler and extrude the remaining sediment core. The length of the extracted cores was then measured, and the number and size of layers per core were noted.  The type, texture and the color ofeach layer per core were also noted. Sample analysis: Size Fraction Determination Sediment samples were wet sieved through standard brass sieves (USA Standard Testing Sieve: A.S.T.M.E.-11 specifications with opening diameters of 500 um and 63 um) and categorized into 3 sizefractions: silt (<63\264m), fine sand (>63 um but <500 um) and coarsesand (>500 um).  The wet samples were individually shaken and manually mixed while still in the plastic bags.  The homogeneous mixture was thensub sampled (range 30-60 grams) for sieving.   The sub samples were washed through the 500-um sieve into the 63 um sieve with filtered fresh water. Washings were done with a hand-held wash bottle and all the washings through the 63-um sieve were collected onto a brass pan.  The sediment fraction remaining on each sieve was then washed through pre-weighed filter paper(Whatman # 114) and air-dried for about a week.   These filtered samples were then weighed and the total weight of the sample per station from each transect site was determined.  The percent by weight of each fraction was then determined by calculating the ratio of the different size fractions to the total sample weight (McManus, 1988). Size fraction determinations were also performed on the core samples. Cores with noticeable stratigraphic layers were cross-sectioned atthe demarcation point and sub samples from each layer (ranging from 20-50 grams) were taken for wet sieving. Chemical Composition Determination:  Mineral composition of the sediment samples was determined by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) as described by Hardy and Tucker  (1988).The analysis was performed by Mr. Clark Sherman of the University of Hawaii's School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology  (SOEST).  Samples were ground up using a mortar and pestle and the powdered sediment was then placed on smear slides.  These slides were then loaded into anautomatic sample loader and fed to the Scintag Pad V X-ray diffractometer connected to a solid-state Germanium (Ge) detector tuned to Copper (Cu)K  radiation.  Two runs per sample were performed.  First, a general scanwas done to determine the overall mineralogy of the sediments. This run was performed with the machine set at a range of 2 deg 2f to 70 deg 2f witha rate of 5 deg 2f per minute.  The second run was performed at a muchnarrower range of 22 deg 2f to 32 deg 2f with a rate of 1 deg 2fper minute to quantitatively determine the carbonate mineralogy of thesediments.  Aragonites to calcite ratios were determined using the methods of Sabine (1991) and the mole % Magnesium  (Mg) content of the calcite fraction was determined using the procedures established by Bischoff et al. (1983). The possible sources of calcite in each sample can be ascertained based on the mole % Mg content of the calcite fraction.  Specifically, the mole % Mgis the amount of Mg atoms substituting the calcium (Ca) atoms at the Ca binding sites in the crystal structure of CaCO3.  Calcareous organisms havedistinctive ratios of Mg to Ca substitutions in the calcite produced. Representative groups of organisms and their respective mole % Mg content were based on Table 5.2 of Morse and Mackenzie (1990). A subset of the total sediment samples collected from Kahoolawe was analyzedby x-ray diffraction.   These samples were selected from sites that best represented the different and unique regions along the coast. Coral Reef Sampling Methods:  At each site, visual inspections of the entire area by skin diving were first conducted.  Stations for quantitative surveys were selected as areas with typical coral reef structure.  Most sites included two stations, one at 10 m and one at 3 m depth.  Coral cover was estimated in 5 contiguous 1 m2 quadrats haphazardly taken along a 25 m transectline at 3m and 10 m isobaths at each site (Jokiel and Maragos, 1978;Maragos and Jokiel, 1986; Jokiel and Tyler, 1992).  One observer recorded visual estimates of percent cover of each species within the quadrat and notations of additional species observed outside of the sampled area were recorded.  Species identifications were based on Maragos (1977).Visual estimates are more reproducible and more accurate than random-pointsampling for this type of rapid assessment work (Dethier et al., 1993).At several stations (Honokoa, Kaukamoku, Papakaiki, and Waaiki), data on the size distribution of small colonies located on vertical faces at the base of the reef structure were collected.  At some sites, colony size was directly measured in bands 1 m by 0.5 m up from the bottom of the reef.  At other sites, photographs of the quadrat frame were taken and subsequently analyzed.  Colony sizes were estimated using the 10 cm gridof the quadrat frame for scale. An index of relative water motion and potential for impacts from major storm conditions was developed using summarized data on typical current patterns, wind speed records and wave patterns (EnvironmentalImpact Study Corp., 1979; University of Hawaii, Geography Department, 1983).Data Analysis:  Coral community diversity was calculated using the modified (Loya, 1972) Shannon-Weaver diversity index (H?c = - ? pi ln pi) of the mean percent cover each species on the transect lines.  Similarity of communities from the 33 sites sampled was assessed using a modified Sorensen Similarity index, after transformation of the data (angular transformation of percent data and square root transformation of average counts): Iab = ? 2Ma (Ma + Mb)-1;where Iab is the index for two sites (a and b) for each species(i = 1, 2, ...S); Ma is the lower cover or density for the ith species in the two site pair and Mb is the higher cover or density for that species. Cluster analysis was performed on the resulting matrix of similarity values using SAS procedures (SAS 1988).
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Bischoff and others, 1983
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Cox and others, 1993.
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Dethier and others, 1993
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Jokiel and others, 1978
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Jokiel and others, 1992
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Loya, 1972
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Maragos and Jokiel, 1986
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Maragos, 1977
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: McManus, 1988
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Morse and Mackenzie, 1990
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Sabine, 1991
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Te, 2000
      Process_Date: Unknown
      Process_Contact: 
        Contact_Information: 
          Contact_Person_Primary: 
            Contact_Person: Dr. Evelyn Cox
            Contact_Organization: Hawaii Institue of Marine Biology
          Contact_Address: 
            Address_Type: mailing
            Address: PO Box 1346
            City: Kaneohe
            State_or_Province: Hawaii
            Postal_Code: 96744
            Country: USA
          Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808-236-7440
          Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: fcox@hawaii.edu
Entity_and_Attribute_Information: 
  Overview_Description: 
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: Files provided as MS WORD documents from references, see above : 1) Te, F.T ,2000 and 2) Cox et. al., 1995. Redundant copies of the MS WORD tables were placed in directory data/txt.  Below, only the root name without the extention is given. List of files Contents - Table1_2 Sites visited on Kahoolawe during 1993.  Data collected include quantitative coral (C) and fish (F) transects, bulksediment samples from transects (B), beach profiles (P),and core sediment samples from transects perpendicularto the beach (S). Table2_1          Grain size distribution of sediment samples from Kahoolawe. Sediment fractions are categorized as silt (< 63 um);fine sand (>63 um but < 500 um) and coarse sand (> 500 um). NA indicates no data. Table2_2 Grain size analysis of core samples from Kahoolawe. Size fractions are categorized as silt (< 63 um); fine sand(> 63 um but < 500 um) and coarse sand (> 500 um). Numbers after site name indicate area of sampling with 1 nearest beach and 5 farthest away. Letters indicate two layers(subsurface and surface) of cores. Table2_3          Mineralogy of Kahoolawe sediments using X-ray diffraction. X indicates presence while (*) indicates trace amounts. Table2_4 Possible sources of calcite found in Kahoolawe sediments using X-ray diffraction analysis based on  mole % Mg content. Table2_5 Coral coverage (% of substratum), diversity, and number of species and fish diversity and species richness. Table2_7          Mean diameter of coral colonies at the bottom of reef structures at Honokoa, Kaukamoku, Papakaiki and Wa'aiki.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: Cox, E.F., Jokiel, P.L. Te, F.T. and Stanton, F. 1993. Coral reefs of Kahoolawe, Hawaii I: Community structure of corals and reef fish. Final Report for the Cooperative agreement # NA 270M0327.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: Te, F.T., 2000. Responses of Hawaiian Scleractinian corals to different levels of terrestrial and carbonate sediment. Ph.D.  dissertation. Department of Zoology, University of Hawaii. Honolulu, Hawaii.
Distribution_Information: 
  Distributor: 
    Contact_Information: 
      Contact_Organization_Primary: 
        Contact_Organization: NOAA/NESDIS/National Oceanographic Data Center
        Contact_Person: Data Access Group, User Services Team
      Contact_Address: 
        Address_Type: mailing and physical
        Address: SSMC-3 Fourth Floor
        Address: 1315 East West Highway
        City: Silver Spring
        State_or_Province: MD
        Postal_Code: 20910-3282
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 301-713-3277
      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 301-713-3302
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: services@nodc.noaa.gov
      Hours_of_Service: 8am-5pm, Monday through Friday
  Resource_Description: NODC Accession Number 0000883
  Distribution_Liability: NOAA makes no warranty regarding these data, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NODC cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data, nor as a result of the failure of these data to function on a particular system.
  Standard_Order_Process: 
    Digital_Form: 
      Digital_Transfer_Information: 
        Format_Name: ASCII
      Digital_Transfer_Option: 
        Online_Option: 
          Computer_Contact_Information: 
            Network_Address: 
              Network_Resource_Name: http://www.nodc.noaa.gov/cgi-bin/search/prod/accessionsView.pl/details/883
    Fees: Prices vary depending on data set, output medium and ordering mechanism. A standard handling charge, with additional costs for special handling, may be added to the basic cost of the data.
    Ordering_Instructions: Prepayment by check, money order or bank card is required. Orders may be placed via fax, email, regular mail, telephone or via the NNDC Online Store.
Metadata_Reference_Information: 
  Metadata_Date: 20081218
  Metadata_Review_Date: 20081020
  Metadata_Future_Review_Date: 20060801
  Metadata_Contact: 
    Contact_Information: 
      Contact_Person_Primary: 
        Contact_Person: Mr. Patrick C. Caldwell
        Contact_Organization: NOAA/NESDIS/NODC/NCDDC
      Contact_Position: Hawaii/US Pacific Liaison
      Contact_Address: 
        Address_Type: mailing
        Address: 1000 Pope Road, MSB 316
        Address: Dept. of Oceanography
        Address: University of Hawaii at Manoa
        City: Honolulu
        State_or_Province: Hawaii
        Postal_Code: 96822
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: (808)-956-4105
      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (808) 956-2352
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: caldwell@hawaii.edu
      Hours_of_Service: 8 AM to 5 PM weekdays
      Contact_Instructions: check services@nodc.noaa.gov if not available
  Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
  Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
CoRIS: 
  CoRIS_ID: 20081020064326
  CoRIS_Children: None
  CoRIS_Beginning_Date: 19930322
  CoRIS_Ending_Date: 19930529
  CoRIS_Metadata_Link: http://www.coris.noaa.gov/metadata/records/txt/nodc_0000883.txt
  CoRIS_Tracking_ID: 2320