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KAP KEYS Based on TIP 17
Planning for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse
Treatment for Adults in the Criminal Justice
System

        CSATs
Knowledge Application Program

KAP Keys
For Clinicians

Based on TIP 17
Planning for Alcohol and
Other Drug Abuse
Treatment for
Adults in the
Criminal
Justice System

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
Center for Substance Abuse Treatment
www.samhsa.gov

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KAP KEYS Based on TIP 17
Planning for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Treatment for Adults
in the Criminal Justice System

These KAP Keys were developed to accompany the Treatment
Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series published by the Center for
Substance Abuse Treatment (CSAT), Substance Abuse and
Mental Health Services Administration. These KAP Keys are
based entirely on TIP 17 and are designed to meet the needs
of the busy clinician for concise, easily accessed "how-to" infor
mation.

For more information on the topics in these KAP Keys, readers
are referred to TIP 17.
Introduction

TIP 7, Screening and Assessment for Alcohol and Other Drug
Abuse Among Adults in the Criminal Justice System (1994)
BKD138
TIP 12, Combining Substance Abuse Treatment With
Intermediate Sanctions for Adults in the Criminal Justice
System (1994) BKD144
TIP 21, Combining Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Treatment
With Diversion for Juveniles in the Justice System (1995)
BKD169
TIP 23, Treatment Drug Courts: Integrating Substance Abuse
Treatment With Legal Case Processing (1996) BKD205
TIP 30, Continuity of Offender Treatment for Substance Use
Disorders (1998) BKD304
Other Treatment Improvement Protocols (TIPs)
that are relevant to these KAP Keys:

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Center for Substance Abuse Treatment Model for
Comprehensive Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Treatment

Continued on Back
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KAP KEYS Based on TIP 17
Planning for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Treatment for
Adults in the Criminal Justice System

A model treatment program includes

 Assessment, including a medical examination, drug use his
tory, psychosocial evaluation, and where warranted a psychi
atric evaluation, as well as a review of socioeconomic factors
and eligibility for public health, welfare, employment, and
educational assistance programs.
 Same-day intake to retain the patient's involvement and
interest in treatment.
 Documentation of findings and treatment to enhance clini
cal case supervision.
 Preventive and primary medical care provided onsite.
 Testing for infectious diseases at intake and at intervals
throughout treatment, for infectious diseases such as hepati
tis, retrovirus, tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, syphilis, gonorrhea,
and other sexually transmitted diseases.
 Weekly random drug testing to ensure abstinence and com
pliance with treatment.
 Pharmacotherapeutic interventions by qualified medical
practitioners, as appropriate for those patients having men
tal health disorders, those addicted to opiates, and HIV-
seropositive individuals.
 Group counseling interventions to address the unique emo
tional, physical, and social problems of HIV/AIDS patients.
 Basic substance abuse counseling, including psychological
counseling, psychiatric counseling, and family or collateral
counseling provided by persons certified by State authorities
to provide such services. Staff training and education are
integral to a successful treatment program.
 Practical life skills counseling, including vocational and
educational counseling and training, frequently available
through linkages with specialized programs.
 General health education, including nutrition, sex and family
planning, and HIV/AIDS counseling, with an emphasis on
contraception counseling for adolescents and women.
 Peer/support groups, particularly for those who are HIV-pos
itive or who have been victims of rape or sexual abuse.
 Liaison services with immigration, legal aid, and criminal
justice system authorities.
 Social and athletic activities to retrain patients' perceptions
of social interaction.

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KAP KEYS Based on TIP 17
Planning for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Treatment for Adults
in the Criminal Justice System

 Alternative housing for homeless patients or for those
whose living situations are conducive to maintaining the
addicted life-style.
 Relapse prevention, which combines aftercare and support
programs such as the self-help groups Alcoholics Anonymous
and Narcotics Anonymous, within an individualized plan to
identify, stabilize, and control the stressors that trigger and
promote relapse to substance abuse.
 Outcome evaluation to enable refinement and improvement
of service delivery.

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Definitions (CJ treatment
planning chart)
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KAP KEYS Based on TIP 17
Planning for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Treatment for
Adults in the Criminal Justice System

Arraignment: The technical term signifying presentation of the
charges to the defendant. In many jurisdictions the term
"arraignment" is reserved in felony cases for the presenta
tion of charges in the superior court.
Arrest: Holding in legal custody, either at the scene of a crime
or as a result of investigations. Arrest could also be the
result of a complaint filed by a third party, an outstanding
warrant, or a revocation of probation or parole.
Intermediate sanctions: Any sanction that is more rigorous
(unpleasant, intrusive, controlling) than traditional probation
but less restrictive than total incarceration.
Jail: To hold a person in lawful custody, usually while he or she
is awaiting trial. In some jurisdictions, jails are used punitive
ly for offenders serving short-term sentences or sentences to
work release or weekends in jail.
Parole: Process of being released from prison before the com
pletion of a sentence. Parole involves supervision and other
stipulations and prohibitions on certain activities imposed by
a board of parole.
Plea Bargain: Situation where defendants are allowed to plead
guilty to lesser charges than the charges that they would
have to face in a trial. Once the guilty plea is entered, it is up
to the judge to determine the sentence.
Presentencing: The period after a guilty plea is entered (in
cases that are plea bargained) or after a conviction is hand
ed down (in cases that go to trial).
Prison: Secure institution in which offenders are confined after
sentencing for crimes. Prisons are classified as minimum,
medium, or maximum security facilities, based on the need
for internal institutional fortification. Inmates are similarly
classified, by severity of offense and/or other behavior, and
are usually assigned to prisons having a corresponding level
of security.
Probation: Sentence of community-based supervision.
Probation includes stipulations and prohibitions on certain
activities and often includes fines imposed by the court at
the time of sentencing.
Sanctions: Legally binding orders of the court or paroling
authority that deprive or restrict offender liberty or property.
Sentencing: The disposition of a case in which penalties are
imposed.

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Training Materials

Since the late 1980s, CSAT has provided technical assistance
to States seeking to establish cross-training programs. Early
efforts focused on training probation officers and treatment
staff. More recent efforts have focused on creating multidisci
plinary teams of staff from a spectrum of the systems that col
laborate to engage and retain offenders in treatment.

Many of the Treatment Improvement Protocols (TIPs) in this
series can be used or adapted for use in training staff in both
systems. For example:

TIP 9, Assessment and Treatment of Patients With Coexisting
Mental Illness and Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse
This TIP has a chapter on identifying and treating persons with
personality disorders, including antisocial personality disorder,
which is a common disorder among offenders. The TIP pro
vides materials for helping people with this disorder identify
dysfunctional thinking and response patterns and work effec
tively in 12-Step programs.

TIP 19, Detoxification From Alcohol and Other Drugs
This TIP can be used to give staff a broad understanding of
this step, which is the first in the treatment process for many
persons. Intensive outpatient treatment may provide an appro
priate community-based level of care for many nonviolent
offenders.

TIP 8, Intensive Outpatient Treatment for Alcohol and Other
Drug Abuse 
This TIP provides another approach to care for nonviolent
offenders.

TIP 2, Pregnant Substance-Abusing Women
TIP 11, Simple Screening Instruments for Outreach for Alcohol
and Other Drug Abuse and Infectious Diseases 
TIP 15, Treatment for HIV-Infected Alcohol and Other Drug
Abusers
These TIPs all contain material especially relevant for work with
offender populations. 
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KAP KEYS Based on TIP 17
Planning for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Treatment for
Adults in the Criminal Justice System

Continued on Back

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KAP KEYS Based on TIP 17
Planning for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Treatment for Adults
in the Criminal Justice System

TIP 1, State Methadone Treatment Guidelines
TIP 20, Matching Treatment to Patient Needs in Opioid
Substitution Therapy
TIP 22, LAAM in the Treatment of Opiate Addiction
Many persons in the justice system have a poor understanding
of treatment with methadone or LAAM, and these three TIPs
describe current practices in this area.

TIP 7, Screening and Assessment for Alcohol and Other Drug
Abuse Among Adults in the Criminal Justice System
TIP 12, Combining Substance Abuse Treatment With
Intermediate Sanctions for Adults in the Criminal Justice
System
TIP 23, Treatment Drug Courts: Integrating Substance Abuse
Treatment With Legal Case Processing
TIP 21, Combining Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Treatment
With Diversion for Juveniles in the Justice System
These four TIPs address efforts to link the treatment and crimi
nal justice systems and would be especially useful in training
treatment staff in justice system issues.

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Coordinated Training

To effectively administer substance abuse treatment within the
criminal justice system, staff in both systems should receive
cross-training at every stage of the criminal justice continuum. 

Some issues for systems that serve criminal justice clients
include

 Counseling staff should have specialized training about the
multiple needs of offenders.

 Substance abuse treatment staff must be trained in the
legal mandates and responsibilities imposed by the criminal
justice system.

 Judges, prosecutors, and defense attorneys need to update
their information about community treatment programs and
resources to refer defendants and offenders for treatment.

 Training for probation and parole officials should emphasize
relapse prevention and management.
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KAP KEYS Based on TIP 17
Planning for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Treatment for
Adults in the Criminal Justice System

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Ordering Information
         TIP 17
Planning for Alcohol and Other Drug
Abuse Treatment for Adults in the
Criminal Justice System

Easy Ways to Obtain Free Copies 
of All TIP Products

1. Call SAMHSA's National Clearinghouse for Alcohol and
Drug Information (NCADI) at 800-729-6686, 
TDD (hearing impaired) 800-487-4889.
2. Visit CSAT's Website at www.csat.samhsa.gov

Do not reproduce or distribute this publication for a fee with
out specific, written authorization from the Office of
Communications, Substance Abuse and Mental Health
Services Administration, U.S. Department of Health and
Human Services.

DHHS Publication No. (SMA) 01-3570
Printed 2001