Appendix D:
Model Code Organizations:Services and
Resources Offered
102




                                                  Appendix D
                                                  Model Code Organizations: Services and
                                                   Resources Offered
                                                                                                               variety of building and construction
                                                   Building Officials and
                                                                                                               professionals.
                                                   Code Administrators
                                                   International,Inc. (BOCA)                                   Goals and Objectives
                                                                                                               BOCA's primary activities are the
                                                   History                                                     publication of the national codes
                                                                                                               and the provision of technical,
                                                   Building Officials and Code Admin-
                                                                                                               educational, and informational
                                                   istrators International, Inc., was
                                                                                                               services relating to all specialty areas
                                                   founded in 1915 to provide a forum
                                                                                                               of code administration and enforce-
                                                   for the exchange of knowledge and
                                                                                                               ment.
                                                   ideas concerning building safety and
                                                   construction regulation. Their
                                                                                                               Membership
                                                   resulting code, the BOCA National
                                                   Building Code, was first published in                       Membership in BOCA is available to
                                                   1950. BOCA is a not-for-profit                              a wide variety of government
                                                   service organization dedicated to                           officials and building industry
                                                   professional code administration                            professionals. There are thirteen
                                                   and enforcement for the protection                          classifications of members; however,
                                                   of public health, safety, and welfare.                      the primary memberships pertain to
                                                   BOCA is the nation's oldest profes-                         governmental and individual units.
                                                   sional association for construction                         Membership services include code
                                                   code officials and currently serves a                       interpretations and code change
                                                   membership that includes both                               publications in addition to other
                                                   public administrators and a wide                            services and publications.
                                                                                                               Active membership (governmental)
                                                                                                               is open to governmental units,
                                          C~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
                          - 4-C
                           *CU    U   C
                                                                                                               departments, or bureaus that
                                                                                                               administer, formulate, or enforce
      The three model code organizations offer publications, seminars, and videos
                                                                                                               laws, ordinances, rules, or regula-
      on seismic codes and seismic design. For more information, contact the
                                                                                                               tions relating to construction, fire
      model code organizations listed in this appendix.
                                                                                                               safety, property maintenance,
      Seminars
                                                                                                               development, or land use. Dues for
      * Earthquake Design Requirements, BOCA
                                                                                                               active members are: in communities
      e Earthquake Regulations, ICBO
                                                                                                               with populations 50,000 and fewer,
       * Design of Concrete Buildings for Earthquakes and Wind Forces, ICBO
                                                                                                               $120; 50,001 to 150,000, $180; and
      * Seismic Training Program for Building Officials, SBCCl
                                                                                                               more than 150,000, $240.
      Publications
                                                                                                                Associate membership (individual)
      e Commentary to the 1993 BOCA National Building Code provides an in-
                                                                                                                is open to an employee or represen-
        depth explanation of the seismic provisions, BOCA
                                                                                                                tative of an active member or a
      * Design of Concrete Buildings for Earthquake and Wind Forces, ICBO
                                                                                                                student. Dues are $25.
      o Recommended Lateral Force Requirements and Commentary 1990
        (SEAOC Blue Book), ICBO                                                                                 Other membership categories for
      * Commentary on Appendix Chapter 1 of the UBC-ICBO Training Manual,
                                                                                                                professionals, companies, and
        ICBO
                                                                                                                individuals range from dues of $20
      * Seismic Training for Building Officials, SBCCI
                                                                                                                to $400.
      Educational Services
      * All three code organizations assist in conducting seminars, workshops,
        and short courses on code content, enforcement, and administration.
                                                                                                                                 I03
Model Code Organizations:Services and Resources Offered




What Happens When One joins
BOCA?
The first step in joining is to call and
request a membership form. A new
member adopting the code for the
first time can request that a BOCA
staff member visit his or her site and
assist in establishing the program.
Advice is offered on a limited basis.
The additional costs for new mem-
ber assistance in code adoption
depends on the size of community
of the new member, the member's
                                                 BOCA's kendquarfers ofice is located in
jurisdiction, and the activities being
                                                 Cotintry Club Hills, Illinois (photo:
conducted by BOCA staff. The new
                                                 BOCA)
member may need to hire BOCA to
evaluate and establish code formats
and procedures if extensive help is                                                        Headquarters
                                                 BOCA Evaluation Services, Inc.
needed. Many new members simply                                                            4051 West Flossmoor Road
                                                 Code interpretations are available to
                                                                                           Country Club Hills, IL 60478-5795
take the code book and follow its                BOCA members at no charge.
                                                                                           tel: 708-799-2300
recommendations with limited
                                                                                           fax: 708-799-4981
assistance from BOCA. Al B O C A
                           l                     Professional Development
                                                                                           email: member@bocai.org
Ncrfional Codes have sample adoption             Services                                  http://www.bocai.org
ordinances printed in the front of
                                                 BOCA seminars and correspondence
the code book.                                                                             Publications Order Department:
                                                 courses are available at reduced             ext. 242 or 248
                                                 member prices. Programs address           Certification Secretary: ext. 334
Code DevelopmentlAmendment
                                                 building, mechanical, plumbing,           Plan Review Fax: 708-799-0310
Process
                                                 and electrical inspection; fire pre-
Each of the B O C A Nntionnl Codes is            vention; plan review; and a wide          Regional Offices
updated and republished every                    variety of specialized seminar            BOCA has four regional offices that
three years. The B O C A Nntionnl                                                          complement the organization's
                                                 topics.
Codes are amended through a                                                                headquarters in making responsive
                                                    BOCA's Professional Develop-           model building code services
democratic public hearing and
                                                 ment Services Department strives to       available to all members across a
revision procedure that allows all
                                                 promote effective code enforcement        far-reaching geographic area.
interested parties the opportunity to
                                                 by fostering the education and
both propose changes to code
                                                 professional development of code          1245 S. Sunbury Rd., Suite 100
provisions and argue the change
                                                 users. The department pursues             Westerville, OH 43081-9308
proposals. Change proposals are
                                                 ongoing development of a compre-          tel: 614-890-1064
voted on at the organization's
                                                                                           fax: 614-890-9712
                                                 hensive curriculum based on the
        conference. This procedure
                                                 B O C A Nntionnl Codes and related
guarantees the inclusion of techno-                                                        T o m e Centre Complex
                                                 documents, emphasizing respon-
logical advances and current knowl-                                                        10830 East 45th Street, Suite 200
                                                 siveness to the needs of local, state,    Tulsa, OK 74146-3809
edge in the codes.
                                                 and federal agencies. BOCA educa-         tel:   918-664-4434
                                                 tional programs address the techni-       fax: 918-664-4435
Technical Services
                                                 cal, administrative, and legal areas
                                                                                           One Neshaminy Interplex, Suite 201
BOCA's Technical Services Depart-                of code enforcement and are avail-
                                                                                           Trevose, PA 19053-6338
ment offers a variety of technical               able for individuals with entry-level
                                                                                           tel:  215-638-0554
services to BOCA members and to                  through advanced skills. BOCA's
                                                                                           fax: 215-638-4438
building industry firms and manu-                training programs and products
facturers. These services include                reflect modern instructional design       6 Omega Terrace
plan examination, technical consul-              concepts and are available in a           Latham, NY 12110-1939
tations, and special studies. Product                                                      tel   518-782-1708
                                                 variety of media formats.
                                                                                           fax: 518-783-0889
and system evaluation assistance is
                                                   BOCA annually conducts ap-
available through cooperation with
                                                 proximately 300 days of on-location
                                                                                                             Appendix D
104




                                         seminars on a wide variety of code-     Evaluation Services
                               ME
Im                                       enforcement subject areas. Training
                                                                                 BOCA Evaluation Services, Inc.
                                         products include video seminars,
  Certification is achieved in                                                   (BOCA-ES) distributes code compli-
                                         audio cassette courses, home study
  twenty-four categories by success-                                             ance evaluation reports of propri-
                                         workbooks, seminar-related work-
  ful completion of one or more                                                  etary construction materials, prod-
                                         books, and correspondence courses.
  examinations. These categories                                                 ucts, and systems. Each BOCA-ES
  include:                                                                       report describes the product, its
                                         Seminars                                performance, and limitations of
  * Building Inspector
                                                                                 acceptance under the BOCA National
                                         BOCA seminars provide members
          Building Plans Examiner
      e
                                                                                 Codes.
                                         with information on the latest in
                                         codes and code enforcement and
      * Electrical Inspector
                                         assist in developing new strategies,    Publications
      * Electrical Plans Examiner
                                         skills, and knowledge. Seminars         BOCA's Publication Development
          One- and Two-Family Dwell-     provide technical information as
                                                                                 produces and distributes the BOCA
          ing Electrical Inspector       well as practice and application
      a
                                                                                 National Codes and a variety of
                                         exercises on the most contemporary
          Mechanical Inspector                                                   documents critical to the successful,
                                         and critical topics in code enforce-
                                                                                 knowledgeable code user. BOCA
          Mechanical Plans Examiner
      0
                                         ment.
                                                                                 offers a wide variety of forms,
      * Plumbing Inspector                                                       permits, and enforcement aids; code
                                            BOCA offers a seminar titled
                                                                                 commentaries, textbooks, and
                                         Earthquake Design Requirements. The
      * Plumbing Plans Examiner
                                                                                 handbooks regarding code adminis-
                                         goal of this seminar is to learn how
          One- and Two-Family Dwell-
      o
                                                                                 tration and enforcement; and
                                         to identify and apply earthquake
          ing Combination Inspector                                              numerous specialized workbooks to
                                         design requirements, and to help
                                                                                 complement BOCA's many educa-
                                         code officials and design profession-
          One- and Two-Family Building
      o
                                                                                 tional programs. BOCA's technical
                                         als understand the impact of the
          Inspector
                                                                                 reference and educational materials
                                         requirements on their jobs. Fees for
      * One- and Two-Family Me-
                                                                                 include a publication on earthquake
                                         this seminar are $99 for BOCA
        chanical Inspector
                                                                                 design requirements. In addition the
                                         members and $149 for nonmembers.
       One- and Two-Family Plumb-                                               commentary to the 1993 BOCA
                                         These fees are representative of the
        ing Inspector                                                            National Building Code provides an
                                         seminar fees charged by BOCA.
                                                                                 in-depth explanation of the seismic
      * Elevator Inspector                  Any organization or institution,
                                                                                 provisions. Substantial price dis-
                                         whether a member of BOCA or not,
      * Combination Commercial                                                   counts on all publications and
                                         can contract a specific seminar to be
        Inspector                                                                services are offered to members.
                                         administered at their specified site
       Building Code Official                                                      Membership directory. A direc-
                                         location. This is often done by
                                                                                 tory listing names, addresses, and
                                         regional BOCA chapters. No set
      * Electrical Code Official
                                                                                 phone numbers of all BOCA mem-
                                         number of participants is required.
       Mechanical Code Official                                                 bers by category is available.
                                         BOCA can also customize seminars
                                                                                 BOCA's articles of association and
                                         on special topics. However, this
          Plumbing Code Official
      o
                                                                                 bylaws are also published in the
                                         service is expensive due to the cost
      * Master Code Official
                                                                                 directory.
                                         of paying BOCA staff to develop a
                                         new topic.
          Fire Inspector I
      o
                                                                                    Periodicals. The Building Official
                                                                                 and Code AdministratorMagazine is
          Fire Inspector II
      0
                                         Certification Programs                  BOCA's bimonthly journal. Subjects
      * Property Maintenance and
                                                                                 include fire safety, construction
                                         BOCA's Professional Development
        Housing Inspector
                                                                                 methods, innovative technology,
                                         Services Department has promoted
                                                                                 regulatory activity, construction
                                         the recognition and certification of
                                                                                 efficiency and economy, code official
                                         professional code officials, who by
                                                                                 professional development, and
                                         completion of proctored examina-
                                                                                 teclhical and administrative aspects
                                         tions demonstrate knowledge in the
                                                                                 of code enforcement. The magazine
                                         BOCA National Codes.
                                                                                 also publishes interpretation re-
                                                                                 quests that have been reviewed by
                                                                                 the Code Interpretation Committee.
                                                                                                                                        I05
                                    and Resources Offered
Model Code 0 rganizstions: Services and Resources Offered                                                                               UaS
           Organizations:
Model




                                                   state-of-the-art design criteria for
   The BOCA Bulletin is a bimonthly
                                                   seismic design. These provisions
newsletter that provides members                                                             =;JWJffM1_3141VJaMF111Q41J
                                                   minimize the hazard to life for all
 with news reports b etween regular
                                                   buildings, increase the expected
issues of the BOCA magazine. It                                                                Central Office
                                                                                               5360 South Workman Mill Road
                                                   performance of higher-occupancy
includes items of national interest
                                                                                               AWittier, CA 90601-2298
                                                   buildings as compared to ordinary
regarding code -enforcement as well
                                                                                                      562-699-0541
                                                                                               tel:
                                                   buildings, and improve the capabil-
as announcements and technical
                                                                                               fax: 562-699-8031
                                                   ity of essential facilities to function
material pertaining to various
                                                   during and after an earthquake.
meetings, seminar offerings, and
                                                                                               ICBO Order Departmnent:
model code revision activities.
                                                                                                  800-284-4L406 or
                                                                                                  562-692-4226
                                                   The International
Computer Products                                                                                 fax: 562-692-3853
                                                                                               ICBCO Compulter Sen'ices:
                                                   Conference of Building
BOCA offers the following products:
                                                                                                  562-699-0541 ext. 264
Complete Building Department                       Officials (ICBO)                            Plan Reviewi% Fax:
Software used to process permits,
                                                                                                  562-692-3425
track new construction inspections,                                                            ICBO ES, Inc.:
                                                   History
property maintenance inspections,                                                                 562-695-4694
and fire-incident inspections and                  The International Conference of
reporting. There is an electronic                                                              Regional Offices
                                                   Building Officials was founded in
product containing code test called                                                            ICBO has five regional offices w-ith
                                                   1922. ICBO is a nonprofit service
                                                                                               full support services in evaluation,
CodeSearch. For automated plan                     corporation oivned and controlled
                                                                                               education, plan checking, code
reniew of the BOCA NUational Build-                by its member cities, counties, states,
                                                                                               consultation, and code interpretation:
ing Code, explore the Plan Review                  and federal agencies. The ICBO
System Software. Additionally,                     codes have been widely adopted
BOCA's Property Maintenance                                                                    Northern California Regional Office
                                                   throughout the United States and in
Management System (PlARMIS) is an                                                                                         Road,
                                                                                               6130 Stoneridge
                                                   many locations abroad. ICBO has                               -Mtall

                                                                                                    Suite 120
automated property maintenance                     ninety-six local, district, state, and
                                                                                               Pleasanton, CA 94588
complaint tracking system.                         student chapters that provide
                                                                                                        800-336-1963 or 510-734-3080
                                                                                               tel:
                                                   members with opportunities to meet
                                                                                               fax: 510-463-3295
Discussion of the BOCA Notional                    regularly on a regional basis.
Building Codes                                                                                 Austin Regional Office
                                                    Goals and Objectives                       9300 Jollyville Road, Suite 101
BOCA's complete model building
                                                                                               Austin, TX 78759-7455
code services program is dedicated                 ICBO Mission Statement: "The
                                                                                                      512-794-8700
                                                                                               tel:
to the improvement of construction                 International Conference of Building
                                                                                               far 512-343-9116
regulations, and the effective                     Officials is dedicated to public safety
administration, organization, and                  in the built environment wv,,orldwide
                                                                                               Indianapolis Regional Office
enforcement of these regulations by                through development and promo-              7998 Georgetown Road, Suite 900
professionally staffed state and local             tion of uniform codes and standards,        Indianapolis, IN 46268
governmental units.                                enhancement of professionalism in                 317-879-1677
                                                                                               tel:
                                                   code administration, and facilitation       fax: 317-879-0966
   To accomplish this BOCA pro-
                                                   of acceptance of innovative building
vides a complete and coordinated
                                                                                               Kansas City Regional Office
                                                   products and systems." Goals
model building code services
                                                                                               290 Northeast 60th St., Suite 206
                                                   include:
package, the backbone of which is                                                              Gladstone, tO 64119
the BOCA National Code series.                      1. Publication, maintenance, and                 816-455-3330
                                                                                               tel:
                                                    promotion of the Uniform Building          fax: 816454-8887
   The 1993 BOCA lationalBuilding
                                                    Code (IJBC) and related documents.
Code includes a modified version of
                                                                                               Seattle Regional Office
the 1991 NEHRP Recommended                          2. Investigation and research of           2122 112th Avenue, Northeast,
Provisionsfor tke Development of                    principles underlying safety to life            Suite B-300
Seismnic RegultionsforNVewo Building.               and prop erty in the construction,         Bellevue, TsTA 98004
BOCA uses the 1991 NEHRP                            use, and location of buildings and                  800-2314776
                                                                                               tel:
Provisions as the technical basis for                                                          fax: 425-637-8939
                                                    related structures.
this section because of its use of
                                                    3. Development and promulgation
nationwide input to des elop design
                                                    of uniformity in regulations pertain-
criteria. This code section represents
                                                    ing to building construction.
                                                                                                                   Appendix D
                                                                                                                   Appendix D
106
106




                                                                                     nation services are also available to
                                                                                     these members.
                                                                                        Other memberships are available
                                                                                     to students, professionals, and
                                                                                     certified individuals at costs that
                                                                                     range from $20 to $95. Corporations
                                                                                     and associations may join at rates
                                                                                     ranging from $150 to $500.

                                                                                     What Happens When One joins
                                                                                     ICBO?
                                                                                     When a governmental unit joins
                                                                                     ICBO, the organization sends a
                                                                                     representative to orient the new
                                                                                     member. The TCBO representative
                                                                                     will present a packet with basic
                                                                                     information on the organization and
                                                                of professional
                                              4. Advancement
The Central Office of the International
                                                                                     its services and procedures. If the
                                              skills of those engaged in the
Conference of Building Officials is located
                                              administration and enforcement of      new member has never before had a
in Whittier, California. (Photo: lCBO)
                                              building laws.                         building code in place, ICBO asks
                                                                                     that they schedule a meeting with
                                              5. Formulation of guidelines for the
                                                                                     architects and local professionals to
                                              administration of building and
                                                                                     meet with the ICBO representative.
                                              safety departments.
                                                                                     The representative explains the code
                                                                                     information and policies to all
                                              Membership                             affected parties and the city council.
                                                                                     The new member can then use the
                                              Membership in TCBO is open to all
                                                                                     conference services office, chapter,
                                              governmental units as well as all
                                                                                     or another nearby ICBO member for
                                              other segments of the building
                                                                                     assistance when questions or
                                              construction industry. There are
                                                                                     problems arise. These member
                                              fifteen membership classifications.
                                                                                     organizations provide an interactive
                                              The primary memberships are
                                                                                     and helpful network. Once the code
                                              governmental, of which there are
                                                                                     is implemented ICBO will review
                                              two classes.
                                                                                                      to ensure all is well.
                                                                                     the department
                                                 Class A is a governmental unit or
                                                                                     As long as the new member requests
                                              agency engaged in the administra-
                                                                                     basic orientation information, ICBO
                                              tion or formulation of laws and
                                                                                     will provide services free of charge.
                                              ordinances relating to building        However, any assistance leaning
                                              construction. The annual dues for a
                                                                                     more toward training, for example
                                              city with a population of 10,000 or
                                                                                     the updating of codes, requires
                                              less is $85. The annual dues for a
                                                                                     payment.
                                              city of population greater than
                                              10,000 is $195.
                                                                                     Code DevelopmentlAmendment
                                                 Governmental individual is an       Process
                                              individual responsible for the
                                                                                     ICBO's codes are published in a
                                              enforcement or administration of
                                                                                     three-year cycle. This cycle, as
                                              laws and ordinances relating to
                                                                                     developed by ICBOmembers,
                                              building construction. The annual      permits gradual adaptation while
                                              dues are $60.
                                                                                     allowing inclusion of the latest

                                                                                                                                0
                                                                                     technological advances. Anyone
                                                 Both types of members receive a
                                                                                     interested in maintaining or improv-
                                              copy of each new edition of the UBC
                                                                                     ing the codes may submit change
                                              and annual supplements in the
                                                                                     proposals. Code change proposals
                                              years between publication. Interpre-
                                                                                     are discussed in public hearings that
                                              tations of the codes and plan exami-
                                                                                                                                  107
                                                                                                                                  l0x
Model Code organizations: Services and Resources Offered
Model Code Organizations: Services and Resources Offered




                                                  seminar participation. These videos
allow the concerns of the construc-                                                                                 a-*
                                                                                                .6          r
                                                                                                      -


                                                  are designed, developed, and
tion industry, design professionals,
                                                  produced by ICBO to provide basic
building officials, and other related                                                      Certification is offered for:
                                                  training in the field of building
segments of society to be heard.
                                                                                           'Code Enforcement Inspectors
                                                  construction or inspection. Some
After ICBO's code staff of structural,
civil, fire protection, and mechanical            -vdeo subjects include light-frame        Building Inspector
                                                  construction, fire-resistant protec-
engineers analyze the proposals'                                                           * Electrical Inspector
                                                  tion, a guide to revisions of the 1997
impact on the code, the proposals
                                                  Uniiform Building Code, and earth-       * -MechanicalInspector
are published as a separate part of
                                                  quake protection.
Building Standards magazine. Thus,                                                          Comabination Inspector
all members and subscribers to
                                                                                            Combination Dwelling Inspec-
ICBO services are informed of the                  Certification Programs
                                                                                             tor
code change proposals. Proposed                   The ICBO Voluntary Certification
changes with committee recommen-                                                           * CABO 'One- and Two-Family
                                                  Program was initiated in 1973 as a
dations are voted on at ICBO's                                                               Dwelling Inspector
                                                  means to encourage professionalism
annual conference. Approved                       among inspection and plan check          * Light Commercial Combina-
changes become a part of the next                 personnel through a comprehensive             tion Inspector Elevator hispec-
edition of the code.                              test of knowledge of codes, stan-             tor
                                                  dards, and practices necessary for
                                                                                           Plan Examiners
Educational Services                              competent practice. Use of the
                                                  certification program has greatly
ICB0 provides a variety of special-                                                        Special Inspectors
                                                  expanded in the private sector, with
ized programs through its Educa-                                                           * Reinforced Concrete Special
                                                  its need for qualified special inspec-
tion Department to assist in devel-                                                          Inspector
                                                  tors, as well as in a number of states
oping and maintaining adequate
                                                                                           * Prestressed Concrete Special
training and continuing programs to               that are considering statewide
                                                                                             Inspector
                                                  mandatory ICBO certification of
keep pace with the changing
                                                  construction inspectors.
construction industry                                                                      * Structural Masonry Special
                                                                                                Inspector
                                                      The program is adninistered by
Seminars                                           ICBO through its Certification          * Structural Steel/Welding
                                                   Department. 1CB0 does not offer
ICE0 seminars are offered through-                                                           Special Inspector
                                                   exam-preparation seminars. Knowl-
out the United States. All course
                                                                                           * Spray-Applied Fireproofing
instructors are ICBO technical staff               edge for the exams is obtained
                                                                                             Special Inspector
                                                   through professional experience and
personnel or other nationally
                                                   professional development educa-
recognized instructors. Some                                                               Uniform Fire Code Inspectors
                                                   tion. Prior to the exams ICBO
seminars are offered only to ICBO
                                                                                           Company Officer Fire Code
                                                   provides all registered participants
members. The cost for memb ers                                                             Inspectors
                                                   with a CandidateBulletin, which
averages about $95 for a one-day
                                                    describes each exam in detail (i.e.,   Underground Storage Tank
program; the average cost for
                                                    suggested reference materials, an      Inspectors
nonmembers is $125 pel day.
                                                    outline of topics stressed on the            installation/Retrofiting
                                                                                            a
   Participants in IC130-sponsored                  exam, and sample questions).
seminars earn Continuing Educa-                                                             * Decommisioning
                                                      Examinations are administered
tion Units (CEUs). ICBO complies
                                                                                            * Tank Tightness Testing
with the standards established by                  three times a year, and much more
                                                   frequently through computer-based
the International Association for                                                           * Cathodic Protection
                                                   testing centers. Dates and test
Continuing Education and Training
                                                   locations are listed in Building
and maintains transcript records.
                                                   Standards magazine.
   Several special-interest seminars
are available to individuals seeking
                                                   Assistance
to expand their knowledge of the
                                                   ICBO offers management studies,
design or plan review and insp ec-
tion provisions found in the UBC.                  operational reviewvs, and analyses to
                                                   provide counsel in areas such as
                                                   budgeting, staffing, work evalua-
 Videos
                                                   tion, and ordinance preparation.
 ICBO videos provide training and
 information without the expense of
                                                                            Appendix D
108




                                               and inspection. These materials have
      Evaluation Service
                                               also proved to be valuable to
      The ICBO codes are designed to
                                               building officials in the effective
      encourage the development of new
                                               administration of their departments.
      building products and innovative
      building systems through the                Periodicals. Building Standardsis
      examination and evaluation of basic      ICBO's official periodical. It is
      research and product testing. ICBO's     published bimonthly and contains
      evaluation service gives communi-        articles of technical, educational,
      ties access to an expert staff of        and administrative importance as
      trained engineers at minimal cost        well as code interpretations, current
      and allows proponents of new             building valuation data, education
      building products or systems to gain     offerings, job opportunities, a
      recognition by building enforcement      complete calendar, chapter news,
      agencies.                                and other features. It is published in
                                               newsletter form in alternate months.
                                               Code-change reports are published
      Plan Review Services
                                               as magazine supplements, begin-
      The ICBO offers its own plan review
                                               ning with proposed changes and
      services to jurisdictions desiring
                                               including the reports of the code
      access to ICBO staff expertise. ICBO
                                               development committees and action
      charges a portion of the permit fee,
                                               taken by the membership at the
      allowing the jurisdiction to retain a
                                               annual conference.
      percentage for administrative costs.
      Turnaround time is less than two to
                                               AutomatedlComnputer Products
      four weeks.
                                               Products offered by ICBO are
                                               available in 3" and 5 1/4" disk
      Publications
                                               format, PC and Macintosh versions.
      The Uniform Building Code.
                                               Manuals and handbooks are avail-
      Publication of the UBC and its
                                               able in current WordPerfect,
      related volumes remains JCBO's
                                               Microsoft Word, and ASCII file
      primary function. In each of the two
                                               formats. Technical information and
      years between publication of the
                                               software products include:
      codes, a supplement is issued
      containing changes approved at the       * Uniform Codes on CD-ROM
      most recent annual conference. An          (Code Express)
      analysis of these changes is pub-
                                               * UBC Application/Interpretation
      lished every three years along with
                                                 Manual (electronic version)
      the major new edition of the codes.
                                               * Handbook to the 1994 Uniform
         Membership roster. This publica-
                                                 Building Code (electronic ver-
      tion contains a description of each
                                                 sion)
      category of membership and a
      complete listing of all ICBO mem-        * UBC Checklist
      bers. Also included is an explana-
                                                   Code Change Assistant
                                               e
      tion of the history of the conference,
      the functions of the various depart-     * Electronic Building Department
      ments, and available services. Other       Forms
      features include publications,
                                               * Product Information Retrieval
      information, a chapter directory, and
                                                 System (PIRS)
      the conference bylaws.
         Technical reference and educa-
      tional materials. ICBO develops
      texts and course materials for use in
      connection with community college
      curricula and higher-level courses in
      building construction technology
                                                                                                                                 109
Model Code Organizations: Services and Resources Offered
Model Code Organizations:Servicesand ResourcesOffered                                                                            109




Southern Building Code
CongressInternational,
Inc. (SBCCI)

History
The Southern Building Code Con-
gress International, Inc. was
founded in 1940 as a nonprofit,
internationally recognized model
building code organization. The
organization is dedicated to serving
state and local governments and the
building industry through the
promulgation and maintenance of
the performance-based Standard
Codesand by providing technical
and educational support services.
The first publication of the SBCwas
in 1945.
                                                  5. To advise and assist in the          The Southern Building Code Congress
                                                     administration of building codes     International, Inc., wasfoinded in 1940.
   The original governmental
                                                                                          Its current headquarters locatedin
                                                                                                                 are
                                                     and ordinances.
membership of forty southern cities
                                                                                          Birmingham, Alabama. (Photo:SBCCI)
has grown to more than 2,300city,
                                                  6. To research, develop, and publish
county, state, and provincial govern-

                                                                                          E
                                                     educational materials, including
ments and agencies in the United
                                                     but not limited to testing and                             r.kLr.Jaf.Ilhu[4'
                                                                                                   ITU-Jr,
                                                                                                        Ie
States and other countries. Addi-                                                                              IO
                                                     certification of code enforcement
tional membership in the organiza-
                                                     personnel.
tion includes more than 8,000
                                                                                            Headquarters Office
engineers, architects, home builders,             7. To perform other functions as
                                                                                            900 Montclair Road
contractors, trade associations, and                 deemed relevant to or desirable
                                                                                            Birmingham, AL 35213-1206
                                                     for the attainment of these
manufacturers.
                                                                                            tel:  205-591-1853
                                                     objectives.
                                                                                            fax:    205-592-7001
Goals and Objectives                                                                        TDD: 205-599-9742
                                                  Membership                                email: info~sbcci.org
The stated objectives of the SBCCI
                                                                                            http://www.sbcci.org
                                                  The membership categories of
are:
                                                  SBCCIare structured to allow
1. To develop, maintain, and pro-                                                           Southwest Regional Office
                                                  participation by anyone interested in
   mote the adoption of the Standard                                                        9420 Research Boulevard
                                                  building code development and
   Codes and other related docu-                                                            Echelon III, Suite 150
                                                  enforcement. There are fifteen
                                                                                            Austin, TX 78759
   ments.
                                                  individual classifications of mem-               512-346-4150
                                                                                            tel:
2. To promote uniformity in build-                bers within six categories. However,      fax: 512-346-4227
                                                  the primary membership category is
   ing regulations through the
   adoption of the Standard Codes                 that of the active member.                Southeast Regional Office
   and to encourage uniformity in                                                           4303 Vineland Road, Suite F-7
                                                     An active member is a govern-
   the application, interpretation,                                                         Orlando,   FL 32831
                                                  ment unit or agency engaged in the        tel:    407-648-9632
   and enforcement of these codes.
                                                  administration, formulation, and          fax:    407-648-9702
                                                  enforcement of codes and ordi-
3. To study, review, and advance the
                                                  nances relating to building construc-
   principal fundamentals of safety                                                         Eastern Regional Office
   in building construction.                      tion. A single active membership          1200 Woodruff Road, Suite G-26
                                                                                            Greenville, SC 29607
                                                  provides all of a community's
4. To advance the professional skills                                                       tel:     864-281-1006
                                                  departments or divisions charged
   of those engaged in the adminis-                                                                  864-281-1030
                                                                                            fax:
                                                  with code enforcement with access
   tration and enforcement of                     to a single source of services. The
   building regulations.
ll                                                                             Appendix D




     following is a schedule of active          Code Development/Amendment
     member dues:                               Process
     Population of                              Proposed changes to the SBC and
     Jurisdiction              Annual Fee       supplements are submitted in
                                                writing to the office of the chief
     <5,000                          $40        executive officer together with
                                                supporting evidence by the first
     5,001-10,000                    $55
                                                weekday of March of each year for
     10,001-25,000                  $75
                                                consideration during that year. The
     25,001-50,000                 $100         board of directors schedules an open
     50,001-100,000                             public meeting to receive comments
                                   $125
                                                from interested persons and to
     100,001-200,000               $150
                                                review the proposed code changes.
     200,001-300,000               $200
                                                The report and recommendations of
     >300,000                      $250         the code committee are published by
        Other membership categories             SBCCI and distributed prior to the
     exist for corporations, colleges,          opening of the annual conference. At
     individuals, students, etc. Dues for       the annual conference code changes
     these membership categories range          are considered and acted upon.
     from $15 to $275.
                                                Educational Services
     What Happens When One Joins                SBCCI sponsors educational pro-
     SBCCI?                                     grams at various locations through-
     The materials received by new              out its primary coverage area.
     members are discussed in the               Courses provide instruction on the
     following text, as are the available       technical aspects of the SBC and
     services for assistance. SBCCI does        general knowledge required for
     offer initial assistance in establishing   effective code enforcement. There
     the code and enforcement guidelines        are also courses for building depart-
     for new members. At a certain point        ment management and the legal
     the new member contracts for               aspects of code administration.
     services and is charged a fee.             These educational programs are
     Regional chapters assist many new          offered as home study courses,
     members and help distribute                video programs, and classroom
     information needed at first.               presentations.
                                                    In addition to the scheduled
     Administration                             courses, the SBCCI's educational
     General policy and major financial         staff is available to assist in planning
     decisions for SBCCI are made by an         and conducting seminars, work-
     elected board of directors consisting      shops, and short courses on the
     of a president, vice-president,            various code provisions as well as
     immediate past president, and five         on code enforcement and depart-
     directors. The implementation of           ment administration. This assistance
     board policy and the daily manage-         is available to all membership
     ment of the organization are the           categories.
     responsibility of the chief executive
     officer. A full-time professional staff    Videos
     of more than 70 employees provides
                                                SBCCI offers a series of videotapes
     member services, publication work,
                                                designed to assist in using and
     and recordkeeping.
                                                understanding the SBC. Videos
                                                currently available include such
                                                topics as wind loads, electrical
                                                inspections, and software tutorials.
Model Code Organizations: Services and Resources Offered                                                                        I 11




                                                  site analyses of existing building
Certification Program
                                                  departments. The staff will also             J"W
The SBCCI certification program for                                                        X i. r
                                                  provide on-site assistance to juris-
code enforcement and administra-
                                                  dictions wishing to establish a code-    Four levels and separate areas of
tion professionals is a voluntary
                                                  enforcement program and inspec-          certification are available as
programn that permits these profes-
                                                  tion department. These analyses          followls:
sionals to demonstrate their knowl-
                                                  include but are not limited to
edge in various areas of code                                                              Level 1 Certification
                                                  evaluations of workloads, permit
enforcement through a written,
                                                                                           * Housing Rehabilitation
                                                  processing techniques, inspection
statistically validated examination.                                                         Inspector
                                                  techniques, job descriptions, and/or
The examination fee for SBCCI
                                                  computer needs.                          * Zoring and Property Stan-
members is $95 per examination;
                                                                                                dards Inspector
and for nonmembers, $135 per                         Computer services. The SBCCI
examination.                                      maintains a full-time staff of com-      * Residential Electrical Inspector
                                                  puter professionals to advise state,
   Objectives of the program are:                                                          * Coastal Construction Inspector
                                                  count3y, and local goverrnments and
                                                                                           * Building Inspector
1. Give recognition to those who                  design professionals on the use and
   have achieved a level of knowl-                application of computers in code         * Mechanical Inspector
   edge in their profession.                      enforcement and building construc-
                                                                                           * Commercial Electrical Inspec-
                                                  tion. The SBCCI is continuing to
2. Enhance the professionalism of                                                            tor
                                                  develop generic software called
   the code enforcement and admin-
                                                                                           * Plumbing Inspector
                                                  Standard Soft, specifically, designed
   istration profession.
                                                  for use by building departments and           Fire Inspector I
                                                                                           s
3. Assist in the evaluation of code               design professionals. Modules
                                                                                                Fire Inspector II
   enforcement personnel in their                 currently available include the          '


   knowledge of the codes.                        permit, inspection and plan review       * One- and Two-Family Dwvell-
                                                  modules.                                   ing Inspector
   The program is graduated so
                                                                                           * Commercial Combination
that an individual can demonstrate
                                                  Technical Services
professional growth through pro-                                                                Inspector
gressive levels of certification.                 Code interpretations. The SBCCI               Electrical Inspector
                                                  technical staff will provide consulta-
                                                                                           Level 2 Certification
                                                  tion either in writing or by tele-
ContractorTesting Service
                                                                                                Housing Rehabilitation Code
                                                  pho ne on questions regarding the        a
This relatively new service enables                                                             Enforcement Officer
                                                  meaning and intent of the Standard
the Education Department to assist
                                                  Codes to all membership categories.       Building Plan Examiner
governing bodies by ensuring that
building contractors of all varieties                 Engineering consulting services.     * Electrical Plan Examiner
have passed minimunai competency                  SBCCI's professional engineering
                                                                                           * Plumbing Plan Examiner
requirements before being licensed.               staff provides technical consulting
The Contractor Testing Program                                                             * Mechanical Plan Examiner
                                                  services to members. Through
offers a range of standard examina-               consultation with SBCCI 'engineers,      * Fire Safety Plan Examiner
tions for structural, plumbing,                   members can often solve code-
                                                                                           * Electrical Insp ector
electrical, and mechanical contrac-               related engineering problems. This
tors at both the master and j ourney-             service is particularly valuable to      Level 3 Certification
man levels.                                       small- and medium-sized towns and
                                                                                           * Chief Building Code Analyst
                                                  cities that may have limited techni-
                                                                                            Chief Electrical Code Analyst
                                                  cal staffs.
Chapter Training
                                                                                           * Chief Plumbing Code Analyst
SBCCI encourages and recognizes
                                                  Publications
the establishment of regional, state,                                                      * Chief Mechanical Code Analyst
and local chapter organizations of its            The Standard Codes. Besides the
                                                                                                Chief Fire Prevention Code
                                                                                           L
members and offers training to these              Standard Codes, the SBCCI has                 Analyst
groups.                                           developed a comprehensive set of
                                                                                           Le vel 4 Certification
                                                  model construction codes available
                                                  to local governments. These codes,
Administrative Services                                                                    * Code Enforcement and
                                                  known as the Standard Codes,               Administration Professional
Departmental analyses. The SBCCI
                                                  include the following:
professional staff will provide on-
                                                                                                                Appendix D
112




                       Three Model Building Code Organizations:
                                Sample Fee Schedules

                                                               ICBO Fee Schedule
         All three of the model building code organiza-
      tions provide suggested fee schedules for mem-
                                                               Building permit fees. ICBO's permit fee is based
      bers. These are intended to be adopted and modi-
                                                               on the total value of all construction work, finish
      fied by member code enforcers to fit their indi-
                                                               work, painting, roofing, electrical, plumbing,
      vidual circumstances. All schedules are much more        heating, air conditioning, elevators, fire-extin-
      complex than could fit here; each schedule is
                                                               guishing systems, and any other permanent
      updated regularly and is available to organization
                                                               equipment. A fee schedule or table is provided to
      members. The following information is current as
                                                               ICBO members. For our example of a typical
      to the date of this book and is presented to give
                                                               commercial structure with a total construction cost
      readers an idea of the approximate fees involved.
                                                               of $100,000, ICBO's permit fee is $580 for the first
                                                               $50,000 and $6.25 for each additional $1,000. This
      BOCA Fee Schedule                                        results in a permit fee of $892.50. Any project that
                                                               has not first secured a permit prior to beginning
      Building permit fee. The BOCA National Codes do
                                                               construction, will be charged an investigation fee.
      not include provisions that mandate a specific
      permit fee schedule. This is at the sole discretion of
                                                                  Plan review fee. ICBO also suggests a plan
      the adopting jurisdiction. However, BOCA has
                                                               review fee equal to 65 percent of the building
      provided a mechanism whereby local jurisdictions
                                                               permit fee. This would create a plan review fee of
      can customize their fees based on their specific
                                                               $580 for our typical commercial structure. There-
      jurisdiction.
                                                               fore, the total fee costs for this project would be
                                                               $1,473.
         Plan review fee. The fee charged by local
      jurisdictions for their plan review services is
      tyically built into the permit fee.                      SBCCI Fee Schedule
                                                               Building permit fees. Permit fees are based on the
         The plan review fee is based on the estimated
                                                               total determined construction value of a project. A
      construction value calculated in accordance with
                                                               fee schedule or table is provided for SBCCI
      the Permit Fee Schedule (construction value =
                                                               members. For a typical commercial structure with
      gross area x gross area modifier x type of construc-
                                                               a construction cost of $100,000, the permit fee is
      tion factor) published biannually in the BOCA
                                                               $460.
      Magazine. For buildings valued up to $1 million,
      the building plan review fee is 0.0015 of the
                                                                  If for any reason a permit is not obtained prior
      building's valuation ($100 minimum). Thus, for a
                                                               to beginning work on a project, a penalty fee will
      typical commercial structure with a total construc-
                                                               be assessed that is double the original permit fee
      tion cost of $100,000, this fee structure would result
                                                               amount. Full compliance with the code must also
      in a plan review fee of $150.
                                                               be met in addition to payment of the penalty fee.
                                                               SBCCI has a set moving fee of $100 for any build-
         Fee reductions may be given for buildings such
                                                               ing or structure. Demolition fees are based on total
      as large warehouses or indoor recreational facilities
                                                               cubic feet.
      because of their plan review simplicity. Reductions
      may also be given to buildings with repetitive floor
                                                                  Plan-checking fees. SBCCI requires a plan-
      plans (e.g., high-rise).                                 checking fee equal to half the permit fee for any
                                                               proposed project that has total construction costs
         In addition, mechanical, plumbing, energy, and
                                                               in excess of $1,000. This cost is in addition to the
      electrical plan review fees are each 25 percent of
      the building code plan review fee. The sprinkler         permit fee.
      review fee is based on the number of sprinkler
      heads (e.g., 1-100 heads costs $150).
                                                                                              113
                                   and Resourc~es Offered
Model Code Organizations: Services and Resources Offered                                      113
Model Code Organlizations.:




                                                   The list of member organizations,
    Standard Plumbing Code
.

                                                   below, shows the breadth of support
  Standard Mechanical Code
                                                   for seismic safety issues nationwide
* Standard Gas Code
                                                   and identifies potential sources of
* Standard Fire Prevention Code                    information and support in promot-
                                                   ing the use of seismic codes.
e Standard Existing Buildings Code

* Standard Housing Code
                                                   General Information
* Standard Swximming Pool Code
                                                   The BSSC wias established in 1979
* Standard Amusement Device
                                                   under the auspices of the National
  Code
                                                   Institute of Building Sciences to deal
* Standard Unsafe Building                         wvith the complex issues involved in
  Abatement Code
                                                   promulgating seismic construction
Twvo codes that SBCCI has a part in                standards an a nationwide basis. It is
developing and updating are:                       an independent, voluntary member-
                                                   ship body representing a wide variety
* CABO One- and TwTo-Family
                                                   of building community interests. It
   Daelling Code
                                                   currently (1997) has sixty-three
e CABO Model Energy Code
                                                   member organizations.
   Memrbership directory. A direc-
                                                      BSSC provides a national forum
tory lists names, addresses, and
                                                   that fosters improved seismic safety
phone numbers of all SBCCI mem-
                                                   provisions. It does this by:
bers by category SBCCI's bylaws are
also published in the directory.                        Promoting the development of
                                                    e
                                                        seismic safety provisions suitable
   Technical reference and educa-
                                                        for the entire country;
tional materials. Numerous work-
books and manuals provide techni-                   * Promoting the adoption of seismic
cal and administrative assistance to                  safety provisions in voluntary
members in un derstanding the use                     standards and model codes;
of the codes and in preparing for
                                                    * Assessing progress in implementa-
certification examinations.
                                                      tion of seismic provisions;
  Periodicals. Each month SBCCI
                                                    * Identifying opportunities for
members receive either an issue of
                                                      improving seismic safety regula-
Soufthrn Building magazine or the
                                                      tions;
organization's newsletter, SBCCI
Newsbriefr. These publications are                  * Promoting training and educa-
mailed six times a year on alternate                  tional courses for the building
months. Both publications keep the                    community (see Appendix E for
membership informed of develop-                       address);
ments in the fields of code enforce-
                                                    * Advising government bodies on
ment and construction technology as
                                                      research and implementation; and
well as the activities of SBCCI.
                                                    a Reviewing research and practice
   Other publications.. SBCCI also
                                                      and recommending changes to
produces instructional slides,
                                                      seismic design practice.
microfiche, application and adminis-
tration forms and labels.                          The BSSC plays an integral role in the
                                                   periodic development of the N7EHRP
                                                   Provisions, which are used as a
Building Seismic Safety                            resource document by the model
Council (BSSC)                                     building code organizations. It has
                                                   also been involved in the forthcoming
                                                   Guidelinesfor the Seismic Rehabilitation
The BSSC and its member organiza-
                                                   of Buildings (FEMA #273 & #274),
tions are valuable resources for
                                                   which deal with existing buildings.
increasing the use of seismic codes.
                                                                                                           Appendix D
114




                                                                              Southern Building Code Congress
                                       Canadian National Committee on
Member Organizations
                                                                                International
                                         Earthquake Engineering
AFL-CIO Building and Construction
  Trades Department                                                           Southern California Gas Company*
                                       Concrete Masonry Association of
                                         California and Nevada
AISC Marketing, Inc.                                                          Steel Deck Institute, Inc.
                                       Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute
                                                                              Steel Joist Institute*
American Concrete Institute
                                       Earthquake Engineering Research
American Consulting Engineers                                                 Steven Winter Associates, Inc.*
                                         Institute
  Council
                                                                              Structural Engineers Association
                                       General Reinsurance Corporation*
American Forest and Paper                                                        of Arizona
  Association                          Institute for Business and Home
                                                                              Structural Engineers Association
                                          Safety (formerly Insurance
American Institute of Architects                                                 of California
                                          Institute for Property Loss
American Institute of Steel                                                   Structural Engineers Association
                                          Reduction)
  Construction                                                                   of Central California
                                       Insulating Concrete Form
American Insurance Services Group,                                            Structural Engineers Association
                                          Association
                                                                                 of Colorado
      Inc.
                                       Interagency Committee on Seismic
American Iron and Steel Institute                                             Structural Engineers Association
                                          Safety in Construction
                                                                                 of Illinois
American Plywood Association           International Conference of Building
                                                                              Structural Engineers Association
                                          Officials
American Society of Civil Engineers                                              of Northern California
                                       Masonry Institute of America
American Society of Civil
                                                                              Structural Engineers Association
  Engineers-Kansas City Chapter        The Masonry Society
                                                                                 of Oregon
American Society of Heating,           Metal Building Manufacturers
                                                                              Structural Engineers Association
  Refrigerating and Air                  Association
                                                                                 of San Diego
  Conditioning Engineers, Inc.
                                       National Association of Home
                                                                              Structural Engineers Association
American Society of Mechanical           Builders
                                                                                 of Southern California
  Engineers                            National Concrete Masonry
                                                                              Structural Engineers Association
American Welding Society                 Association
                                                                                 of Utah
Applied Technology Council             National Conference of States on
                                                                              Structural Engineers Association
                                         Building Codes and Standards
Associated General Contractors of                                                of Washington
  America                              National Council of Structural
                                                                              U.S. Postal Service*
                                         Engineers Association
Association of Engineering
                                                                              Western States Clay Products
  Geologists                           National Elevator Industry, Inc.
                                                                               Association
Association of Major City Building     National Fire Sprinkler Association
                                                                              Western States Council Structural
  Officials                            National Institute of Building          Engineers Association
Bay Area StructuraL Inc.*                Sciences
                                                                              Westinghouse Electric Corporation*
Brick Institute of America             National Ready Mixed Concrete
                                                                              Wire Reinforcement Institute, Inc.
                                         Association
Building Officials and Code
  Administrators International, Inc.   Permanent Commission for
                                                                              *Affiliate (nonvoting) members.
                                         Structural Safety of Buildings*
Building Owners and Managers
  Association International            Portland Cement Association
Building Technology, Incorporated*     Precast/Prestressed Concrete
                                         Institute
California Geotechnical Engineers
  Association                          Rack Manufacturers Institute
                                       Seismic Safety Commission
                                          (California)
Appendix E:
Organizations Involved in Seismic Safety:
Contact Information
116




      Appendix E
      OrganizationsInvolved in Seismic Safety:
      Contact Information
      Listed are several organizations that   Southern Building Code Congress
      can provide further information on         International (SBCCI)
      codes or seismic design. Most of        900 Montclair Road
      them offer lists of publications (see   Birmingham, AL 35213-1206
      Appendix F). In addition, the profes-   (205) 591-1853
      sional organizations have directories   fax:     (205) 592-7001
      of members and local chapters.          TDD: (205) 599-9742
                                              email: info(sbcci.org
      Code Organizations                      http:/ /www.sbcci.org

      These are the publishers of the model
                                              Multi-State Earthquake
      building codes used in the United
      States. More complete information       Organizations
      on these organizations and their
      services is included in Appendix D.     These organizations are consortia of
                                              officials from several states. Each
      Building Officials and Code             one has a number of useful publica-
         Administrators, International,       tions and, because they specialize in
         Inc. (BOCA)                          seismic safety issues, can help to put
      4051 West Flossmoor Road                you in touch with key officials in
      Country Club Hills, IL 60478-5795       your own state.
      (708) 799-2300
      fax: 708-799-4981                       Central United States Earthquake
      http:/ /www.bocai.org                      Consortium (CUSEC)
                                              2630 E. Holmes Rd.
                                              Memphis, TN 38118
      Council of American Building
                                              (901) 544-3570
         Officials (CABO)
                                              fax:      (901) 544-0544
      5203 Leesburg Pike, Suite 708
                                              email: cusec~ceri.memphis.edu
      Falls Church, VA 22041
                                              http: / /gandalf.ceri.memphis.edu/
      (703) 931-4533
                                                 -cusec /index.html
      fax: (703) 379-1546
      http: / /www.cabo.org
                                              Northeast States Emergency
                                                 Consortium (NESEC)
      International Conference of
                                              607 North Ave., Suite 16
         Building Officials (ICBO)
                                              Wakefield, MA 01880
      5360 South Workman Mill Road
                                              (617) 224-9876
      Whittier, CA 90601-2298
                                              fax:      (617) 224-4350
      (562) 699-0541
                                              email: NESEC@serVe.com
      fax: (562) 699-8031
                                              http: / /www.serve.com/NESEC
      Customer Service and Publications:
         (800) 284-4406
                                              Western States Seismic Policy
      http: / /www.icbo.org
                                                 Council (WSSPC)
                                              121 Second Street, 4th Floor
                                              San Francisco, CA 94105
                                              (415) 974-6422
                                              fax: (415) 974-1747
                                              http://vishnu.glg.nau.edu/
                                                 wsspc.html
                                                                                                                                   117
                                                                                                                                   IC7
Organizations Involved in Seismic Safety: Contact Information




                                                                                            U.S. Geological Survey, Informa-
                                                     FEMA Region VI
Federal Agencies                                                                              tion Services (Publications),
                                                     Federal Regional Center
                                                                                            Box 25286
                                                     800 North Loop 288
All these agencies are excellent                                                            Denver, CO 80225
                                                     Denton, TX 76201-3698
sources of publications, slides, and
                                                                                            (800) 435-7627
                                                     (940) 898-5123
videos regarding earthquakes and
                                                     Mitigation Directorate:
seismic safety Key publications are
                                                                                            USGS Office of Earthquakes,
                                                        (940) 898-5165
listed in Appendix P.
                                                                                               Volanoes & Engineering
                                                                                            12201 Sunrise Valley D1rive
                                                     FEMAVL& Region VII                     M.S. 905
Federal Emergency Management                         2323 Grand Blvd., Suite 900            Reston, VA 20192
   Agency Mitigation Directorate                     Kansas City, MO 64108-2670             (703) 64840100
   (FEMA)                                            (816) 283-7002                         http: /   /www'-.usgs. gov
500 C. Street, SW                                    fax: (816) 283-7018
Washington, DC 20472                                                                        345 Middlefield Road
(202) 646-4622                                       FEM/IA Region Vi i                     M.S. 870
http:/ /wwwT.wfema.gov                               Denver Federal Center, Building 710    Menlo Park, CA 94025
                                                     Box 25267                              (415) 853-8300
FEMA Publications Center                             Denver, CO 80225-0267
(800) 480-2520                                       (303) 235-4800                         USGS National Earthquake
                                                                                               Information Center
FEMTYIA Region I                                     FEMAA Region IX                        Denver Federal Center
442 J. W. McCormack Post Office                      B1uiding #105                          M.S. 967, Box 25046
   and Courthouse Building                           P.-O. Box 29998                        Denver, CO 80225
Boston, MA 021094595                                 Presidio of San Francisco              (303) 273-8500
(617) 223-9540                                       San Francisco, CA 94129                fax: (303) 273-8450
Mitigation Directorate:                              (415) 923-7100                         http: / /fxT vawneic. cr.usgs.gov or
   (617) 223-9559                                    fax: (415) 923-7112                       http: /earthquake.usgs.gov
FEMIA Region I1                                      FEAMA Region X
Mitigation Division                                                                         State Seismic Safety
                                                     Federal Regional Center
26 Federal Plaza, Room 1351                          130 228th Street, SW                   Advisory Committees
New York, NY 10278-0002                              Bothell, WIA 98021-9796
(212) 225-7200                                       *(206)487-4600                         Several states have created seismic
fax: (212) 225-7262                                  Mitigation Directorate:                safety advisory boards. If your state,
                                                        (207) 487-4682                      or a neighboring state, has one, they
 FEMA Region III
                                                                                            can be good sources of basic seismic
 Liberty Square Building, 2nd Floor                   National Geophysical Data Center      safety information about your
 105 South 7th Street                                 National Oceanic & Atmospheric        region.
 Philadelphia, PA 19106-3316                             Administration
 (215) 931-5528                                       325 Broad-way, hMail Code EIGC         Arizona
 fax: (215) 931-5501                                  Boulder, CO 80303-3328                 Arizona Council for Earthquake
                                                      (303) 497-6826                            Safety
 FEMA Region IV                                       http: / /wwTli,-wngdc.noaa.gov         Arizona Dept. of Emergency &
 Mitigation Division
                                                                                                Military Affairs
 Koger Center-Rutgers Building                        National Institute of Standards and    DiT. of Emergency Services
 3003 Chamblee-Tucker Road                               Technology (NIST)                   5636 E. McDoxnell Rd.
 Atlanta, GA 30341                                    Buildings and Fire Research            Phoenix, AZ 85008
 (770) 220-5400                                          Laboratory                          (602) 231-6238
 fax: (770) 220-5440                                  Building 226, Room B216                fax: (602) 231-6263
                                                      Gaithersburg, MD 20899
 FEMA Region V                                        (301) 975-5900
 175 West Jackson Blvd., 4th Floor                    htlp: / Jnvw.nist.gov
 Chicago, IL 60604-2698
 (312) 408-5500
 fax: (312) 408-5551
                                                                                                         Appendix E
118




                                     Mississippi                            Utah
Arkansas
                                     Mississippi Seismic Advisory Panel     Utah Earthquake Advisory Board
Arkansas Earthquake Advisory
                                     Mississippi Emergency Manage-          University of Utah Seismograph
   Council
                                        ment Agency
Arkansas Office of Emergency                                                   Stations
                                     P.O. Box 4501, Fondren Station         University of Utah
   Services
                                     Jackson, MS 39216                      135 South, 1460 East
P.O. Box 758
                                     (601) 352-9100                         Room 705
Conway, AR 72033
                                     fax: (601) 352-8314                    Salt Lake City, UT 84112
(501) 329-5601
                                                                            (801) 581-6274
fax: (501) 730-9754
                                     Missouri                               fax: (801) 585-5585
                                     Missouri Seismic Safety Commission
California
                                     Missouri Emergency Management          Washington
Seismic Safety Commission
                                        Agency                              Washington State Seismic Safety
1900 K St., Suite 100
                                     P.O. Box 116                              Advisory Committee
Sacramento, CA 95814
                                     Jefferson City, MO 65102               Washington State Dept. of Natural
(916) 322-4917
                                     (573) 526-9101                            Resources
fax: (916) 322-9476
                                     fax: (573) 634-7966                    Geology & Earth Resources Divi-
                                     http: / /eas.slu.edu/seismic safety/      sion
Hawaii
Hawaii State Earthquake Advisory                                            P.O. Box 47007
                                     Nevada                                 Olympia, WA 98504-7007
   Board
                                     Nevada Earthquake Safety Council
Office of the Director of Civil                                             (360) 902-1000
                                     Div. of Emergency Management           fax: (360) 902-1785
   Defense
                                     2525 S. Carson Street
3949 Diamond Head Road
                                     Carson City, NV 89711
Honolulu, HI 96816-4495
                                                                            Libraries
                                     (702) 687-4240
(808) 733-4300
                                              (702) 687-6788
                                     fax:
fax: (808) 733-4287
                                                                            All the references cited in Appendix
                                                                            F can be located at at least one of
                                     Oregon
Illinois
                                                                            these libraries. The libraries are set
                                     Oregon Seismic Safety Policy
Illinois Earthquake Advisory Board
                                                                            up to respond to public requests for
                                        Advisory Committee
Illinois Emergency Management
                                                                            information. They can lend materi-
                                     595 Cottage St., NE
    Agency
                                                                            als through interlibrary loan or, for
                                     Salem, OR 97310
110 E. Adams Street
                                                                            a fee, can photocopy excerpts from
                                     (503) 378-2903
Springfield, IL 62701-1109
                                                                            documents. In some cases, you can
                                     fax: (503) 588-1378
(217) 782-4448
                                                                            search their collections online
fax: (217) 785-6043
                                                                            through their internet web sites.
                                     Puerto Rico
                                     Comision de Seguridad Contra
Indiana
                                                                            Center for Earthquake Research
                                        Terremotos
Indiana Seismic Safety Advisory
                                                                               & Information
                                     State Civil Defense
   Board
                                                                            University of Memphis
                                     P.O. Box 9066597
Indiana State Emergency Manage-
                                                                            Campus Box 526590
                                     San Juan, PR 00906-6597
   ment Agency
                                                                            Memphis, TN 38152-6590
                                     (787) 724-0124
IN GOVT CTR South/302 W.
                                                                            (901) 678-2007
   Washington St., Room E208
                                                                            fax: (901) 678-4734
                                     Tennessee
Indianapolis, IN 46204
                                                                            http: / /www.ceri.memphis.edu
                                     Tennessee Seismic Safety Advisory
(317) 232-3986
                                        Panel
fax: (317) 232-3895
                                                                            Earthquake Engineering Research
                                     Tennessee Emergency Management
                                                                               Center
                                        Agency
Kentucky
                                                                            University of California at Berkeley
                                     Tennessee EOC
Governor's Earthquake Hazards &
                                                                            1301 S. 46th Street
                                     3041 Sidco Dr.
   Safety Technical Advisory Panel
                                                                            Richmond, CA 94804-4698
                                     Nashville, TN 37204-1502
Kentucky Div. of Disaster & Emer-
                                                                            (510) 231-9403
                                     (615) 741-0001
   gency Services
                                                                            fax: (510) 231-9461
                                     fax: (615) 242-9635
EOC Building, Boone Center
                                                                            email: eerclib~nisee.ce.
Frankfort, KY 40601-6169
                                                                               berkeley.edu
(502) 564-8611
                                                                            http: / /nisee.ce.berkeley.edu
fax: (502) 564-8614
                                                                                                                            119
Organizations Involved in Seismic Safety. Contact Information




                                                                                         Structural Engineers Association of
                                                    American Planning Association
Earthquake Engineering Research
                                                                                            California
                                                    1776 .Massachusetts Ave., NW
   Library
                                                                                         555 University Avenue, Suite 126
                                                    Suite 400
California Institute of Technology
                                                                                         Sacramnento, CA 95825
                                                    Washington, DC 20036-1997
Mail Code 104-44
                                                                                         (916) 427-3647
                                                    (202) 872-0611
Pasadena, CA 91125
                                                                                         fax: (916) 568-0677
                                                    fax: (202) 872-0643
(818) 395-4227
                                                                                         http://wIvwrw.seaoc.org
                                                    http://wwnvwplanninrg.org
fax: (818) 568-2719
-email: eerliblcco.caltech.edu
                                                                                         The United States Conference of
                                                    American Society of Civil
http:/ /wiww.eerl.caltech.edu/
                                                                                            Mayors
                                                       Engineers (AS CE)
   library/hbraryvhtml
                                                                                         1620 I Street, N-W
                                                    1801 Alexander Bell Drive
                                                                                         Washington, DC 20006
                                                    Reston, VA 201914400}
National Center for Earthquake
                                                                                         (202) 293-7330
                                                    (800) 548-2723
   Engineering Research
                                                                                         fax: (202) 293-2352
                                                    http: / /wwAnwasce.*org
c/o Science and Engineering
                                                                                         http: / /wwvAi;usmayors.org/uscm
   Library
                                                     Associated General Contractors of
SUJNY-Buffalo
                                                        America
304 Copen Hall
                                                                                         Additional Organizations
                                                     1957 E Street, NW
Buffalo, NY 14260-2200
                                                     Washington, DC 20006
(716) 645-3377
                                                                                         These university, nonprofit, and trade
                                                     (202) 393-2040
fax: (716) 645-3379
                                                                                         organizations all have publications.
                                                     fax: (202) 347-4004
http://nceer.eng.buffalo.edu
                                                                                         related to building codes or seismic
                                                     http://wwwT.agc..org
                                                                                         safety Some of them are instrumental
Natural Hazards Research &
                                                                                         in promoting the adoption of seismic
                                                     International City/County
  Applications Information Center
                                                                                         building codes, and could provide
                                                        Management Association
University of Colorado
                                                                                         valuable support to your efforts.
Campus Box 482                                           (ICMA)
                                                     777 North Capitol Street, NE
Boulder, CO 80309-0482
                                                                                         American Association of State
                                                     Suite 500
(303) 492-6818
                                                                                            Highway & Transportation
                                                     Washington, DC 20002-4201
         (303) 492-2151
fax:
                                                                                            Officials
                                                     (202) 289-4262
email: hazctrlcolorado.edu
                                                                                         444 N. Capitol Street, NW Suite 249
                                                     fax: (202) 962-3500
                7'.colorado.edu/
       /wwv
http://
                                                                                         Washington, DC 20001
                                                     http://wTrvwv.icma.org
    hazards!
                                                                                         (202) 624-5800
                                                                                         fax: (202) 624-5806
                                                     National Association of Home
Resource Organizations                                  Builders,
                                                                                         American Institute of Architects
for Developing Code-                                 1201 15th Street NW
                                                                                             (AIA)
                                                     WiTashington, DC 20005
Adoption Strategies                                                                      1735 New York Avenue, NW
                                                     (202) 822-0200
                                                                                         Washington,' DC 20006
                                                     fax: (202) 822-0559
These professional and trade                                                             (2[02) 626-7300
                                                     http: / / wwwm.nahh.com
organizations represent key groups                                                       http://wwwaia.org
whose support you will need in
                                                     National Society of Professional
trying to promote the adoption of                                                        American Society of Civil
                                                        Engineers (NSPE)
seismic building codes. These                                                               Engineers (AS CE)
                                                     1420 King Street
national offices can refer you to the                                                    1801 Alexander Bell Drive
                                                     Alexandria, VA 22314
local or regional affiliate nearest                                                      Reston, VA 20191-4400
                                                     (703) 684-2800
you.                                                                                     (800) 548-2723
                                                     fax: (703) 8364875
                                                                                         http: //wwwvasce.org
                                                     http: / /www:nspe.org
American Institute of Architects
   (AIA)                                                                                 Applied Technology Council (ATC)
                                                     National League of Cities (NILC)
1735 New York A-venue, NWT                                                               555 Twin Dolphin Drive, Suite 550
                                                     1301 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW
-Washington, DC 20006                                                                    Redwood City, CA 94065
                                                     Suite 550
(202) 626-7300                                                                           (415) 595-1542
                                                     Washington, DC 20004
http://wvn,?raia.org                                                                     fax: (650) 593-2320
                                                     (202) 626-3000
                                                                                         http: / /wwwivatcouncil.org
                                                     fax: (202) 626-3043
                                                     http://wwwToncais.com/nic/
                                                                     Appendix E
120




                                          National Institute of Building
      Building Seismic Safety Council
                                             Sciences
         (BSSC)
                                          1090 Vermont, NW, Suite 700
      1090 Vermont, NW, Suite 700
                                          Washington, DC 20005
      Washington, DC 20005
                                          (202) 289-7800
      (202) 289-7800
                                          fax: (202) 289-1092
      fax: (202) 289-1092
                                          http: / /www.nibs.org
      http: / /www.nibs.org

                                          Seismological Society of America
      Earthquake Engineering Research
                                          201 Plaza Professional Building
         Institute (EERI)
                                          El Cerrito, CA 94530
      499 14th Street, Suite 320
                                          (510) 525-5474
      Oakland, CA 94612-1934
                                          fax: (510) 525-7204
      (510) 451-0905
                (510) 451-5411
      fax:
                                          Southern California Earthquake
      email: eeri(eeri.org
                                             Center
      http: / /www.eeri.org
                                          University of Southern California
                                          University Park
      Institute for Business and Home
                                          Los Angeles, CA 90089-0742
         Saftey (formerly Insurance
                                          (213) 740-5843
         Institute for Property Loss
                                                    (213) 740-0011
                                          fax:
         Reduction)
                                          email: SCECinfo~usc.edu
      73 Tremont Street, Suite 510
                                          http: / /www.scec.org
      Boston, MA 02108-3910
      (617) 722-0200
      fax: (617) 722-0202

      National Conference of States on
         Building Codes and Standards,
         Inc. (NCSBS)
      505 Huntmar Park Drive, Suite 210
      Herndon, VA 20170
      (703) 437-0100
      fax: (703) 481-3596
Appendix F
Recommended Readings and Resources
122




       Appendix F
       Recommended Readings and Resources

       References Cited                               Earthquake Engineering Research Institute.
                                                         "Loma Prieta Earthquake Reconnais-
      Listed below are all the references
                                                         sance Report," Earthquake Spectra,
      cited in this report as sources of
                                                         Supplement to Vol. 6, May 1990.
      information. All the documents
      produced by agencies and organiza-      Earthquake Engineering Research Institute.
      tions may be ordered directly from         "Northridge Earthquake of January 17,
      the organizations (see Appendix E).        1994," Earthquake Spectra, Supplement to
      Many of the Building Seismic Safety        Vol. 11, April 1995.
      Council's publications are available at
                                              EERI Ad Hoc Committee on Seismic
      no charge from FEMA. All FEMA
                                                 Performance. Expected Seismic Perfor-
      publications are available at no
                                                 mance of Buildings, Earthquake Engineer-
      charge and may be ordered through
                                                 ing Research Institute, February 1994.
      FEMA's Publication Center (call 800-
      480-2520).                              Esteva, Luis. "Seismic Zoning, Design
                                                         Spectra and Building Codes in Mexico,"
                                                         in Proceedngs of the Fourth International
      Beavers, James E. "Perspectives on Seismic         Conference on Seismic Zonation, Vol. 1,
         Risk Maps and the Building Code                 Earthquake Engineering Research
         Process," in A Review of Earthquake             Institute, August 1991.
         ResearchApplications in the National
                                                      Estimation of Earthquake Effects Associated
         EarthquakeHazards Reduction Program:
                                                         with Large Earthquakesin the New Madrid
         1977-1987, Walter Hays, ed., U.S.
                                                         Seismic Zone, Hopper, M.G., ed., U.S.
         Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-
                                                         Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-
         13-A, 1988, 407-432
                                                         457, 1984, 42-51.
      Bruce A. Bolt. Earthquakes, W.H. Freeman
                                                      Federal Insurance Administration. Building
         and Company (NY), 1993.
                                                        Performance: HurricaneAndrew in Florida,
      Building Seismic Safety Council. Improving        FIA-22, December 1992.
         the Seismic Safety of New Buildings:A
                                                     Fratessa, Paul E "Buildings" (chap. 3), in
         Community Handbook of Societal Implica-
                                                        PracticalLessons from the Loma Prieta
         tions, FEMA #83, July 1986.
                                                        Earthquake, National Academy Press,
      Building Seismic Safety Council. Nontechni-       1994.
        cal Explanation of the NEHRP Recom-
                                                     Geis, Donald A., et al. "Architectural and
        mended Provisions.FEMA #99, September
                                                        Urban Design Lessons from the 1985
        1995.
                                                       Mexico City Earthquake," Lessons Learned
      Building Seismic Safety Council. Seismic         from the 1995 Mexico Earthquake, Earth-
         Considerationsfor Communities at Risk,        quake Engineering Research Institute,
         FEMA #83, September 1995.                     1989, 226-230.
      Building Seismic Safety Council. Societal      Golden, Joseph H., et al. HurricaneHugo:
        Implications: Selected Readings, FEMA #84,     PuertoRico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and
        June 1985.                                     South Carolina,prepared for the Commit-
                                                       tee on Natural Disasters, National
      Chung, Riley, ed. The January17,1995
                                                       Research Council, National Academy of
        Hyogoken-Nanbu (Kobe) Earthquake:
                                                       Sciences (Washington, DC), 1994.

                                                                                                      0
        Performanceof Structures, Lifelines and Fire
        Protection Systems, National Institute of    Guidelines and Proceduresfor Implementation of
        Standards and Technology, NIST Special          the Executive Orderon Seismic Safety of
        Publication 901, July 1996.                    New Building Construction,ICSSC
                                                       RP2.1A, NISTIR 4852, June 1992.
 Recommended Readings and Resources                                                                                                            1 23:




Insurance Institute for Property Loss                 Building Codes and Standards                 Schierle, G.G. Quality Control in Seismic
    Reduction (now IBHS). Public Opinion              (Herndon, VA), May 1987.                        Resistant Construction,report to the
    Concermingg Various Issues Relating to                                                            National Science Foundation, School of
                                                  Metropolitan Fund, Inc. A Study of Local
    Home Builders, Building Codes and                                                                 Architecture, University of Southern
                                                    Building Codes and TheirAdministration
    Damage MzIifigation, IlPLR (Boston, MA),                                                          California, 1993.
                                                    in tlhe Southeast Michigan Siwx-County
    1995.
                                                    Region, Public Administration Service          Schulze, William D., et aL "Benefits and
Insurance Institute for Property Loss               (Chicago), August 1966.                           Costs of Earthquake Resistant Build-
   Reduction (now IBHS). Summary of                                                                   ings," Southern Economic Jourzal,Vol. 53,
                                                  Morrow, B.H., and Ragsdale, Alt Early
   State-MNandated Codes, IIPLR (Boston),                                                             April 1987.
                                                    Response to HurricaneMz/arilyn in the U.S.
   April 1996.
                                                    Virgin Islands, University of Colorado,        Seismic Safety Commission of California.
Korman, Richard. "A Much Misunder-                  Natural Hazards Center, Quick                     Creatinga Seismic Safety Adoisory Board,
  stood Contraption," EngineeringNews-              Response Report #82, 1996.                        FE-MA #266, August 1995.
  Record, June 22, 1989, 30-36.
                                                  Mushkatel, A.H, and Nigg, J.M. "Opinion          Shinozuka, Masanobu. "Summary of the
Lagorio, Henry J. Earthquakes,An                    Congruence and the Formation of                   Earthquake," in NCEER Response:
  Architect's Guide to NonstructuralSeismic         Seismic Safely Policies," Policy Studies          PreliminaryReportsfriom the Hyogo-ken?
  Hazards,John wiley and Sons, Inc,                 Reviero, Vol.6, No.4, May 1987.                   Nanbu Earthquakfe ofJanuary17, 1995,
   1990.                                                                                              National Center for Earthquake Engi-
                                                  Muth, Richard E, and Wetzler, Elliot. "The
                                                                                                      neering Research, State University of
Leyendecker, Edgar V, Algermissen, S.T.,            Effect of Constraints on House Costs,"
                                                                                                      New York at Buffalo, january 1995.
   and Frankel, Arthur. Use of Spectral             Journalof Urban Economics, Vol. 3, 1976,
   Response Maps and Uniforn Hazard                 57-677                                         Southern Building Code Congress Interna-
   Response Spectra in Building Codes, Fifth                                                          tionaaL CoastalBuilding DepartmentSurrey,
                                                  National Association of Home Builders.
   National Conference on Earthquake                                                                  National Comnrittee on Property
                                                    Estimated Cost of Compliance with 1991
   Engineering, July 1994.                                                                            Insurance (nowe IBHS, in Boston), 1992.
                                                    Building Code Requirements, Insurance
Leyendecker, EA., et al., USGS Spectral             Research Council, August 1992.                 Todd, Diana, ed., Standard's of Seismic Safety
  Response Mlraps and Their Relationship -roith                                                      for Ezisting FederallyOwcned or Leased
                                                  National Conference of States on Building
   Seismic Design Forces in Building Codes,                                                           Butildings, hNational Instiftite of Standards
                                                    Codes and Standards Inc. Directory of
   U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report                                                           and Tetidnology Report NISTIR 5382,
                                                    Building Codes and Regulations, Vol. 1,
   95-596, 1995. The most recent versions                                                             Interagency Committee of Seismic Safety
                                                    Code Primer, NCSBCS (Hemdon, VA),
   are available at http://                                                                          and Construction Recommended Practice
                                                    1989.
   gldage cr.usgs.gov/eg/                                                                            4 {ICSSC RP 4), February 1994.
                                                  National Conference of States on Building
Litan, Robert, et al. Physical Damage and                                                          U.S. Department of the Interior, Geological
                                                    Codes and Standards. Seismic Provisions
   Human Loss: The Economic Impact of                                                                 Survey. USGS Spectral Response flaps and
                                                    of State and Local Building Codes and Their
   Earthquake MitigationMeasures, The                                                                 Their Relationship with Seismic Design
                                                    Enforcement, NIST GCR 91599, April
   National Committee on Property                                                                     Forces in Building Codes, Open-File Report
                                                    1992.
   Insurance (nowhr IBHS), February 1992.                                                             95-595, 1995.
                                                  National Institute of Standards and
Maisel, Sherman J. Housebuildiag,in                                                                U.S. National Comnmission on Urban
                                                     Technology. Guidelines and Proceduresfor
  Transition,Unirersity of California                                                                 Problems. Building the American Cihy,
                                                    Implementation of the Executive Order on
  Press, 1953.                                                                                        report to the Congress and the President
                                                    Seismic Safety of N\ew Building Construc-
                                                                                                      Houlse Document No. 91-34, December
"The March 25,1993, Scotts Mills Earth-              tion, ICSSC RP2.lA., NISTIR 4852, June
                                                                                                      1968.
   quake-WVlestern Oregon's Witake-Up                1992.
   Call," EERI Newvsletter, Vol. 27, No. 5,                                                        Whitmark, R.V, and Algermissen, S.l..
                                                  Noam, Eli M. "The Interaction of Building
   May 1993.                                                                                         "Seismic Zonation in Eastern United
                                                    Codes and Housing Prices," ARE UEA
                                                                                                     States," Proceedings,Fourth International
Martin, KIW "Recent Changes to Seismic              Jomrnal, Vol 10, 1983, 394-404.
                                                                                                     Conference on Seismic Zanation, Vol. I,
  Codes and Standards: Are They
                                                  Olshansky, R. Reducing EarthquakeHazards           Earthquake Engineering Research
  Coordinated or Random Events?"
                                                     in the Central United States: State Seismic     Institute, 1991, 845-869
  Proceedings, 1993 National Earthquake
                                                     Safety Advisory Conanittees,prepared by
  Conference, Vol IIHCentral U.S. Earth-
                                                     the Department of Urban and Regional
  quake Consortium, 1993,367-376.
                                                     Planning, University of Illinois at
Mclntrye, Marle, ed. Directonj of State              Urbana-Champaign, and distributed by
   Buildhig Codes andRegulations,4th ed.,            the Central U.S. Earthquake Consor-
   National Conference of States on                  tium, 1992
124                                                                                        Appendix F




      Wyllie, Loring A., Jr., and Filson, John R.,      Building Seismic Safety Council. Seismic
        eds. Armenia Earthquake Reconnaissance             Considerations Communities at Risk,
                                                                        for
        Report, Special Supplement to Earthquake           FEMA #83, September 1995 ed.
        Spectra, Earthquake Engineering
                                                        Earthquake Engineering Research Institute.
        Research Institute (Oakland, CA),
                                                           Expected Seismic Performance of Buildings,
        August 1989.
                                                           February 1994.
      Wyner, A.J., and Mann, D.E. Preparing   for
                                                        Earthquake Engineering Research Institute.
        California'sEarthquakes:Local Govern-
                                                           Reducing Earthquake Hazards:Lessons
        ment and Seismic Safety, Institute of
                                                           Learnedfrom Earthquakes,EERI Publica-
        Governmental Studies, University of
                                                           tion No. 86-02, November 1986.
        California at Berkeley, 1986.
                                                        Lagorio, Henry J. Earthquakes, An Architect's
                                                           Guide to Nonstructural Seismic Hazards,
                                                           John Wiley and Sons, Inc. (NY), 1990.
      Recommended Readings
                                                        National Conference of States on Building
      These readings are particularly
                                                          Codes and Standards, Inc. Directory of
      recommended to help you under-
                                                          Building Codes and Regulations (updated
      stand about earthquakes, how
                                                          annually).
      ground-shaking affects buildings,
      and how seismic building codes                    Stover, Carl W., and Coffman, Jerry L.
                                                           Seismicity of the United States, 1568-1989
      work.
                                                           (rev. ed.), U.S. Geological Survey
      American Institute of Architects. Buildings
                                                           Professional Paper 1527, 1993.
        at Risk: Seismic Design Basicsfor
        Practicing Architects, AIA/ACSA
        Council on Architectural Research,
                                                        Sources of Earthquake Slides and
        February 1992.
                                                        Videos
      Applied Technology Council. Rapid Visual
                                                        The following organizations have
        Screeningof Buildingsfor Seismic Hazards:
                                                        extensive collections of slides, photos,
        A Handbook. ATC-21 Report, published
                                                        and videos of the effects of earth-
        by FEMA as FEMA #154, 1988.
                                                        quakes. They can be valuable re-
      Berg, Glenn. Seismic Design Codes and             sources for your public presentations.
         Procedures,Earthquake Engineering              In some cases, the images may be
         Research Institute, Monograph Series,          accessed online or by CD-ROM.
         1983.
      Bolt, Bruce. Earthquakes(rev. ed.), W.H.          Earthquake Engineering Research Center
         Freeman and Company (NY), 1993.                  (EERC)
                                                        University of California at Berkeley
      Buckle, Ian G., Jirsa, James, et al. Mitigation
                                                        1301 S. 46th Street
         of Damage to the Built Environment,
                                                        Richmond, CA 94804-4698
        Monograph 2,1993 National Earth-
                                                        (510) 231-9403
         quake Conference, Central U.S.
                                                        eerclib(berkeley.edu
         Earthquake Consortium (Memphis,
        TN), 1993.
                                                        Earthquake Engineering Research
      Building Seismic Safety Council. A                  Institute (EERI)
        Nontechnical Explanation of the 1994            499 14th Street, Suite 320
        NEHRP Recommended Provisions,FEMA               Oakland, CA 94612-1934
        #99, September 1995.                            (510) 451-0905
      Building Seismic Safety Council. NEHRP
                                                        National Geophysical Data Center
         Recommended Provisionsfor the
                                                        National Oceanic &Atmospheric
         Development of Seismic Regulationsfor
                                                           Administration
         New Buildings, 1994 Edition, Part 1:
                                                        325 Broadway, Mail Code EIGC
         Provisions, Part 2: Commentary, FEMA
                                                        Boulder, CO 80303-3328
         #222A, FEMA #223A, May 1995.
                                                        (303) 497-6826
                                                                                                                                    l1n
                                                                                                                                     :
Recommended Readings and Resources                                                                                                  U




                                                                                                              Sept-ember 1996
                           EARTHQUAKE HAZARDS REDUCTION SERIES

      PUBUCATION
                                                               TFTLE
      NUMBER

                 Earthquake Safety Checklist
      46
                 Coping with Children's Reactions to Earthquakes
      48
                 Reducing the Risk of Nonstrucitural Earthquake Damage: A Practical Guide
      74
                 Preparedness for People with Disabilities (Brochure)
      75
                 Preparedness in High-Rise Buildings (Brochure)
      76
                 The Planning Process (Brochure)
      77
                 Seismic Considerations for Communities at Risk
      83
                 Societal Implications: Selected Readings
      84
                 Guidelines for Local Small Businesses
      87
                 Guidebook-for Developing a School Earthquake Safety Program
      88
                 Earthquake Safety-Activities for Children (Teachers Package)
      88A
                 Improving Seismic Safety of New Buildings: ANon-Technical Explanation of NEHRP Provisions
      99
                 Family Earthquake Safety Home Hazard Hunt and Drill
      113
                 Guide to Application of the NEHERP Recommended Provisions in Earthquake-Resistant Building Design
      140
                 Seismic Considerations: Elementary and Secondary SchoDls
      149
                 Seismic Considerations: Health Care Facilities
      150
                 Seismic Considerations: Hotels and Motels
      151
                 Seismic Considerations: Apartment Buildings
      152
                 Seismic Considerations: Office Buildings
      153
                 Rapid Visual Screening of Buildings for Potential Seismic Hazards: AHandbook
      154
                 Rapid Visual Screening of Buildings for Potential Seismic Hazards: Supporting Documentation
      155
                 Typical Costs for Seismic Rehabilitation of Existing Buildings, Second Edition, Volume I - Summrnary
      156
                 Typical Costs for Seismic Rehabilitation of Existing Buildings, Second Edition,
      157
                 Volume li - Supporting Documentation
                 Earthquake-A Teacher's Package for K-B
      159
                 NEHRP Handbook of Techniques forthe Seismic Rehabilitation of Existing Buildings
      172
                 Establishing Programs and Priorities for the Seismic Rehabilitation of Buildings, Supporting Report
      173
                 Establishing Programs and Priorities for the Seismic Rehabilitation Df Buildings, A Handbook
      174
                 Estimating Losses from Future Earthquakes-Panel Report (ANon-Technical Summary)
      176
                 Estimating Losses from Future Earthquakes (Panel Report and Technical Background)
      177
                 NEHRP -landbook for Seismic Evaluation of Existing Buildings
      178
                 Landslide Loss Reduction: Guide to State and Local Governments
      182
                 Estimated Future Losses, St Louis, MD
      192
                 Estimated Future Losses, St Louis, MD-Executive Summary
      192A
                 Loss Reduction Provisions of a Federal Earthquake Insurance Program - A Final Report
      200
                 Loss Reduction Provisions of a Federal Earthquake Insurance Program - Summary Report
      201
                 Earthquake Resistant Construction of Electric Transmission and Telecommunication Facilities Serving the Federal
      202
                 Government
                 Utah Multihazard Planning Demonstration Project-A Case Study Report
      212
                 Financial incentives for Seismic Rehabilitation of Buildings-An Agenda for Action - Volume 3 - Application Work-
      216
                 shop Report
                 How to Help Children After a Disaster-A Guidebook for Teachers
      219
                 School intervention Following a Critical Incident-Proiect COPE
      220
                 NEHRP Recommended Provisions for the Development Df Regulations for New Buildings, Part I - Provisions, 1991
      222
                 Edition
                 NEHRP Maps
      222
                 NEHRP Recommended ProvisiDns Commentary, Part 11, 1991 Edition
      223
                 NEHRP Recommended Provisions for the Development of Regulations for New Buildings, Part i, Provision, 1994
      22.A
                 Edition



                                                                                                                                          -
126                                                                                                                              Appendix F




               NEHRP Maps
      222.A
      223.A    NEHRP Recommended Provisions Commentary, Part 11, 1994 Edition
               Seismic Vulnerability and Impact of Disruption of Lifelines inthe United States
      224
      225      Inventory of Lifelines in the Cajon Pass, California
               Collocation Impacts on the Vulnerability of Lifelines During Earthquakes with Applications to the Cajon Pass,
      226
               California
               A Benefit-Cost Model for Seismic Rehabilitation of Buildings, Volume I: A User's Manual
      227
               A Benefit-Cost Model for the Seismic Rehabilitation of Buildings, Volume II: Supporting Documentation
      228
      232      Home Builders Guide for Earthquake Design
               Earthquake Resistant Construction of Gas and Liquid Fuel Pipeline Systems Serving, or Regulated by, the Federal
      233
               Government
               Seismic Rehabilitation of Buildings, Phase l: Issues, Identification and Resolution
      237
               Seismic Safety: Of Federally and Federally Assisted Leased or Regulated New Building Construction - Volume 1
      238
               Seismic Safety: Of Federally and Federally Assisted Leased or Regulated New Building Construction - Volume 2
      239
      240      Earthquake Preparedness-What Every Child Care Provider Should Know
               Identification and Reduction of Nonstructural Earthquake Hazards (For Schools)
      241
      249      Assessment of the State-of-the-Art Earthquake Loss Estimation Methodologies
      253      Seismic Sleuths-Earthquake Curriculum for 7-12 Grades
               Seismic Retrofit Incentive Programs-A Handbook for Local Governments
      254
               Seismic Rehabilitation of Federal Buildings: A Benefit/Cost Model, Volume 1 - A User's Manual
      255
               Seismic Rehabilitation of Federal Buildings: A Benefit/Cost Model, Volume 2 - Supporting-Documentation
      256
               Seismic Safety of New Federal Buildings
      260
               Creating a Seismic Safety Advisory Board
      266
               Interim Guidelines: Evaluation, Repair, Modification, and Design of Welded Steel Moment Frame Structures
      267
      280      Strategy for National Earthquake Loss Reduction
      L-1 11   Safety Tips for Earthquakes
      L-143    Preparedness inApartments and Mobile Homes
               Tsunami, The Great Waves inAlaska
      L-1 93
      L-194    Tsunami, The Great Waves on the West Coast
               Benefit/Cost Model for Federal Buildings-Supporting Documentation
               Brochure: Seismic Safety of Federal and Federally Leased Assisted or Regulated New Building Construction
               Earthquake Safety, Poster 14
               E.O. 12699 Brochure
               Poster #6 Blueprint for Earthquake Survival




                  The publications are free of charge. Copies may be requested by
                                 writing to the following address:

                               Federal Emergency Management Agency
                                           P.O. Box 2012
                                                                                                    .
                                       Jessup, MD 20794-2012                                                     ......

                                     Or Call 1-800-480-2520

                                                                                                            REDUCTION
                                                                                                                   SERIES
                                                                                                      HAZARDS
                                                                                              EARTHQUAKE
Appendix G
Sample Workshop Presentations
128




                                         Appendix G
                                         Sample Workshop Presentations

                                                                                  codes in their community, how they
                                         Information ForWorkshop
  b               b   -   -
  T


                                                                                  can adopt and improve enforce-
                                         Leader                                   ment, and where they can go for
   here is a great deal of material to
                                                                                  assistance. The group exercises (half-
 cover in the half-day workshop. It      This Appendix includes material to
                                                                                  day workshop) are designed so that
 is important that you establish         help you present workshops on
                                                                                  participants begin developing
 control and keep your presenta-
                                         adopting and enforcing seismic
 tion on track in order to cover all                                              strategies to introduce or enhance
                                         building codes. It includes outlines
 the material. At the same time,                                                  seismic protection in their commu-
                                         for a sample half-day workshop and
 allow enough flexibility to                                                      nity.
                                         a one-hour workshop. The half-day
 respond to specific local concerns.
                                         workshop is best suited for gather-
 Remember that you can follow up                                                  When and Where to Present the
                                         ings of professionals, either at a
 with individuals after the work-                                                 Workshops
                                         conference or at a specialty seminar
 shop or at a later date.
                                         that you organize. The audience          These workshops can be conducted
 Assigning groups. It will save          would have some initial concerns         as part of a systematic campaign to
 time and minimize confusion if          about seismic safety but little          improve adoption and enforcement
 you prepare an efficient method         knowledge about how to adopt or          of seismic codes. You can announce
 of dividing participants into           enforce seismic building codes. The      them with press releases (using
 groups for the group exercises.         one-hour workshop is best suited for     Appendix H), and workshop
 One method is to have people
                                         audiences who need to be intro-          participants can help distribute the
 count off numbers and then
                                         duced to these ideas and convinced       brochures in Appendix I to their
 divide into groups according to
                                         of the need for addressing seismic       colleagues.
 their number. Alternatively, you
                                         safety.
 might assign groups on a geo-                                                       A survey of code practices (see
 graphic basis or try to create                                                   end of Appendix C) can help you to
                                         Target Audience
 interdisciplinary groups. The best                                               identify specific areas of weakness
 group size is generally 3-7 people.     Candidate participants for these         in various parts of your state. This
                                         workshops include (a) municipal          can help you to determine appropri-
 Sign-in sheets. For follow-up you
                                         officials (e.g., planning, building,     ate topics and locations for the
 will want the attendees' names,
                                         engineering, emergency services,         workshops.
 addresses, and telephone num-
                                         city council); (b) potential allies in
 bers. Providing a sign-in sheet at
                                                                                     Workshops, particularly the one-
                                         the fields of architecture and engi-
 the beginning of the workshop is
                                                                                  hour ones, could also be used to
                                         neering; and (c) community leaders
 a simple way to obtain this
                                                                                  build on the increased awareness
 information.                            whose influence and support can
                                                                                  that often follows an earthquake,
                                         assist in adopting improved seismic
                                                                                  either a small earthquake nearby or
                                         safety provisions.
                                                                                  a large newsworthy one elsewhere
                                                                                  in the world. A combination of
                                         Purpose
                                                                                  workshops and press releases could
                                         The purposes of these workshops          emphasize the value of seismic
                                         are to (a) introduce the community's     building codes to mitigate losses
                                         risk for earthquake damage, (b)          from future earthquakes.
                                         demonstrate the effectiveness, ease,
                                                                                     Half-day workshops might be
                                         and low cost of seismic codes, and
                                                                                  given for:
                                         (c) outline the critical elements of
                                         effective code enforcement.                A gathering of officials from
                                                                                    several neighboring communities.
                                         Goals                                      This could be in a region with
                                                                                    code adoption or compliance
                                         Participants should leave the
                                                                                    problems. You should also invite
                                         workshop with a clearer under-
                                                                                    officials from communities with
                                         standing of why they need seismic
                                                                                    good code practices.
                                                                                                                               129
Sample Workshop Presentations




                                          for all these visual materials can be
* A session at a conference of                                                        0
                                          found in the body of this book.
  municipal officials.
                                                                                          * Check to make sure that an
                                             This Appendix also includes a list
    A session at a conference of local
e
                                                                                            overhead projector is available
                                          of selected notable earthquakes from
    code officials (but delete the
                                                                                            at the workshop site.
                                          36 states (see Handout b). This list is
    section on the purpose of build-
                                                                                          * If you are providing your own
                                          a good starting point for identifying
    ing codes).
                                          historic earthquakes from your                    overhead projector, it's wise to
One-hour workshop presentations                                                             bring an extra light bulb.
                                          region. These tangible examples can
  might be given to:                      enhance your presentation.                      * Always plan to bring a exten-
* A conference of municipal                                                                 sion cord and an outlet
  officials, architects, or engineers.    Equipment                                         adapter.
                                          Check to make sure that an over-
* City Council study sessions.                                                            * If using a computer projection
                                          head projector is available at the                system, bring back-up over-
* Civic groups, such as Rotary,           workshop site. If you are providing               heads in case you have equip-
  Kiwanis, or League of Women             your ow&n overhead projector, it's                ment problems.
  Voters.                                 wvise to bring an extra light bulb.
                                                                                          * If you are using slides, it is best
                                          Always plan to bring a extension
                                                                                            to provide your ow,%n slide
Support Materials                         cord and an outlet adapter. A
                                                                                            carousel wieth the slides
                                          projection screen is not essential, as
Materials in this Appendix include                                                          arranged in presentation
                                          you can project your overhead onto
an outline of topics for two ork-
                                'n
                                                                                            sequence.
                                          any blank, light-colored vatl.
shop presentations (half-day and
one-hour), along with suggested              If you are using slides, it is best to
timnlng, directions for when to use       provide your own slide carousel
the provided handouts and                 with the slides arranged in presenta-
overheads, and key information            tion sequence. You may also need to
points to make. The additional            provide your owrn slide projector.
pages provided include visual aids
that may be copied onto transpar-
                                          Follow-up
ency sheets and used with an
                                          The group exercises will provide a
overhead projector. Transparencies
                                          record of the community's thinking
are a quick and inexpensive way to
                                          and plans about seismic safety
visually enhance your presentation.
                                          Collect the handouts completed in
   Some of the overheads also may         the group exercises. You may want
be photocopied and distributed as         to summarize the main points and
handouts. A numb er of topical            later send a copy to the workshop
handouts, u hich summarize key            participants or other municipal
concepts from the workshop and            officials. The material can also form
from the text of this book, are also      the basis of any local efforts stem-
included.                                 ming from the workshop.
    Color images can probide addi-            If possible, you should try to
 tional impact to the workshop            followv up with a tour of local
 presentation. A selection of images is   building stock designed with
 available at various web sites, such     seismic provisions. A comparison to
 as FEIA and the Earthquake               unsafe buildings would also be
 Engineering Research Center (see         useful. A knowvledgeable building
 Appendix E); you may download            official, engineer, or architect should
 these vithout charge and use a           lead this tour.
 vendor to transfer the images from
 your disk to color slides or transpar-
 encies. The National Geophysical
 Data Center and EERI also have sets
 of color slides that are available for
 purchase. Additional factual support
                                                                                                                A pendix G
                                                                                                                Ap
130




Half-Day Workshop


      8:00 Introduction (15 mins.)
(
      DEFINE PURPOSE: Today we're going to talk about earthquakes and how they can affect communities. Very few
      parts of the United States are completely free of potential earthquake damage.
      This morning's presentation will cover three main areas: SHOW OVERHEAD 1.
           Community risk for damage from earthquake activity.
      1.
           Purpose of building codes, and how they help to protect the community from seismic risk.
      2.
           Importance of following through by enforcing the building code, and how this too can benefit the community.
      3.

      ASK: How many damaging U.S. earthquakes can they name?
      SHOW OVERHEAD 2: Known historic earthquakes in 47 states with MMIs of VI-VIII.
      USE HANDOUTS: A) Seismic hazard map; B) Historic earthquakes in 36 states.
      SHOW OVERHEAD 3: Seismic hazard map. This map shows the seismic hazards for the entire United States.
      LOCATE COMMUNITY ON MAP AND EXPLAIN THE LOCAL SEISMIC RISK.
      POINTS TO MAKE: Many times, if a community hasn't recently experienced any kind of ground-shaking, people
      tend to think an earthquake just isn't going to happen. It seems like it takes a good earthquake to shake people
      up. Unfortunately, it's a little late to prepare after the earthquake. And this map, using the best scientific infor-
      mation available, says this community could be made safer and more secure by preparing now for future earth-
      quake hazards.

 8:15 Part 1: Community Risk (15 mins.)
      USE HANDOUT C: MMI scale explanation, descriptions of effects of various MMIs.
      GOAL: Explain what it is that earthquakes do and how they can damage and destroy buildings.
         Explain the idea of lateral forces, ductility, and drift. SHOW OVERHEAD 4.
      e

      * Explain the Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale (describes effects, not magnitude). SHOW OVERHEADS: 5)
         MMI scale explanation; 6) MMI chart.
      * Describe effects on buildings of MMI VI, VII, VIII, IX. SHOW OVERHEADS 7-15: Effects and images of
         typical damage associated with each MMI.
         Focus on local MMI potential and show additional damage images. SHOW maps and images of historic
      o
         local earthquakes, and, if maps are available, anticipated earthquakes. A good source of information is
         USGS Professional Paper 1527; Handout B is a list, taken from that publication, of example earthquakes
         from 36 states.

 8:30 Group Exercise (20 mins.)
      USE HANDOUT D: Group Exercise #1- Community Earthquake Risk
      DIRECTIONS FOR GROUPS: We've seen the MMI potential for this community. I'd like you to divide into
      groups and think about how this community might be affected by an earthquake of that scale.
      * Describe handout. Ask groups to:
             Imagine the MMI shaking appropriate to this community
             Rate community buildings for seismic safety
             Identify whether buildings were built to seismic codes (see Hints below)
              Decide where would you most like to be during an earthquake
             Decide where would you least like to be during an earthquake
                                                                                                                    131
SampleWorkshop Presentations




          Ask each group to report their results.
     *
          Summarize results.
     *
          Collect completed handouts for later follow-up.
     *


    Hints for Exercise #1
    HIINT 1: The main purpose of this exercise is to raise participants' level of concerns and make them want
    to find out the answers to these questions. Participants will not be sure how to decide which buildings are
    most dangerous.
    You should give them some hints: SHOW OVERHEAD 16.
         Brick or stone buildings.
    e

     * Older buildings (especially large, multistory older buildings).
          Buildings with irregular shap es.
     *
         Buildings that appear to be top-heavy or with open first floors (carports, all windows).
     *
         "Tilt-up" low-rise light industrial buildings (one-story warehouse-like buildings common in industrial
     *
         or office parks since the 1960s).
    HINT 2: Participants will not know which buildings were built to seismic codes. They may be able to
    make educated guesses, based on the age of buildings, if they know the status of the community's code.
    HINT 3: Once they identify potentially unsafe buildings, they should also pay attention to building
    Jinction. Some buildings-critical structures-would seriously affect the community if they collapsed or
    were severely damaged: SHOW OVERHEAD 17.
    Structures are deemed critical if they (a) are needed immediately after an earthquake (fire and police
    stations), (b) house needy populations (schools, hospitals, nursing homes), or '(c) can have off-site effects
    (structures with flammable or toxic materials).




  R:50 Part 2: Purpose and History of Building Codes (15 mins.)
     USE HANDOUTS: E) Purpose and history of building codes; F) Model building codes
     POINTS TO MAKE: The safest and most cost-effective way to guard against earthquake damage is to construct
     buildings that are designed to withstand seismic events. These building specifications are contained in the
     model building codes.
      * Cover purpose and history of building codes: SHOW OVERHEAD 18.
     Suggested HANDOUT: Consider handing out photocopies of Appendix D.
     * Outline the model building codes: SHOW OVERHEAD 19.
              Easy to adopt
              Easy to update
              Documentation is provided
              Technical support is provided
          General cost information.
     0


          Explain current code situation in state.
      S




  9:05 Break (15 mids.)
                                                                                                          Appendix G
132




 9:20 Part 2 continued: Purpose and History of Seismic Code Provisions (15 mins.)

      USE HANDOUTS: G) Purpose of seismic codes provisions; H) Seismic codes are effective; I) Seismic codes are
      inexpensive.
      Discuss seismic provisions in the building codes:
          Purpose of seismic codes provisions: SHOW OVERHEAD 20.
       o

      * History of seismic codes (becoming the national norm): SHOW OVERHEAD 21.
          Executive Order 12699.
       e

       * Seismic codes are effective: SHOW OVERHEAD 22.
       * Seismic codes are inexpensive: SHOW OVERHEAD 23.
        Benefits outweigh the costs: SHOW OVERHEAD 24.
       * All model codes contain seismic provisions appropriate to the community's level of risk.

e 9:35 Group Exercise (15 mins.)
      USE HANDOUT J: Group Exercise #2 - Responding to Arguments Against Seismic Codes
      DIRECTIONS FOR GROUPS: We've seen how new construction built to seismic standards can help protect the
      community from earthquake damage. I'd like you to divide into groups again. This time, I want you to discuss
      the arguments against introducing seismic codes in this community and think about how you might respond.
      * Describe handout:
              List the local arguments against seismic codes
              How might you respond to these arguments?
              Consider who is likely to oppose having seismic codes
              Consider who is likely to support having seismic codes?
          Ask each group to report their results.
      
          Summarize results.
      
          Collect completed handouts for later follow-up.
      *


      9:50 Arguments in Favor of Seismic Codes (5 mins.)
(
      USE HANDOUT K: Arguments in favor of seismic codes
      * Present arguments in favor of seismic codes: SHOW OVERHEAD 25.

      9:55 Break (15 mins.)



      10:10 Part 3: Importance of Enforcement, Following Through (30 mins.)
(
      USE HANDOUTS: L) Enforcing the seismic code: a critical link; M) Five elements of effective code enforcement
      POINT TO MAKE: Having a building code with current seismic provisions is the first part of a two-part pro-
      cess. The second part is following through and making sure the code is enforced.
      * Explain how poor enforcement results in deficient buildings. SHOW OVERHEAD 26.
      * Give incentives for enforcement (code effectiveness grading schedule).
      * Five elements of effective code enforcement: SHOW OVERHEAD 27.
              Code provisions must be up to date
              Builders must apply for permits
              A qualified reviewer must review building plans
              Construction should proceed according to approved plans
              A qualified inspector must inspect the construction
          Discuss an example of plan review and inspection fees (see box in Appendix D, page 112).
      *
SarmpleWorkshop Presentations                                                                                 133




     *   Enforcement example: Use one or t'Nro of the case examples inAppendix C (page 85) to explain hoen-
         forcement could be done in this community.

    10.40 Group Exercise (20 mins.)

    NOTE: Workshop leader selects topic for group exercise.
    USE HANDOUT N or 0: Group Exercise #3a OR 3b -Action Plan for Adoption OR Enforcement
    DIRECTIONS FOR GROUPS: I'd like you to divide into groups again. This time, I want you to develop action
    plans to: (a) adopt a building code with current seismic provisions for this community
    OR (b) improve enforcement of the building code in this communrity
    * Describe handout for subjectA (adoption):
             Dev elop a ten-point action plan that l,%dli
                                                       result in a building code for this community
    @ OR describe handout for subject B (enforcement):

             Develop a ten-point action plan that will result in improved code enforcement for this community


    *    Ask each group to rep ort their results.
    *    Summarize results.
    *    Collect completed group handouts for later follo w-up.


    11:00 Part 3 continued: Steps for Adoption or Enforcement of Seismic Codes (10 mins.)

    USE HANDOUT P or Q: Steps for Adoption OR Enforcement of Seismic Codes
    * Discuss howsF these steps relate to the 10-point action plans they developed. SHOW OVERHEAD 28 or 29.


    11:10i Recap (30 mins.)

    * Review the three group exercises:
            Community Earthquake Risk
            Responding to Arguments Against Seismic Codes
            Action Plan for Adoption/Enforcement
    *    Describe follow-up actions: The next step.
    *    Questions/feedback:
          Any questions?
          Reaction to the workshop presentation? Is the information relevant to them?
          What additional help would they like from the state?
    NOTE: You may want to develop a short questionnaire to solicit participant feedback.


    Finally, be sure to have copies of the brochures available for participants to help deliver.
134                                                                                                        Appendix G




One-HourWorkshop


      1:00 Introduction (5 mins.)

      DEFINE PURPOSE: Today we're going to talk about earthquakes and how they can affect communities. Very
      few parts of the United States are completely free of potential earthquake damage.
      This morning's presentation will cover three main areas: SHOW OVERHEAD 1.
      1. Community risk for damage from earthquake activity.
      2. Purpose of building codes, and how they help to protect the community from seismic risk.
      3. Importance of following through by enforcing the building code, and how this too can benefit the community.

      1:05 Community Risk (10 mins.)

      ASK: How many damaging U.S. earthquakes can they name?
      USE HANDOUTS: A) Seismic hazard map; B) Historic earthquakes in 36 states
      SHOW OVERHEAD 3: seismic hazard map. This map shows the seismic hazards for the entire United States.
      USE HANDOUT C: MMI scale explanation, descriptions of effects of various MMIs:
      * Explain Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale (describes effects, not magnitude). SHOW OVERHEAD 5.
      * Focus on local MMI potential and show additional damage images. SHOW: maps and images of historic
          local earthquakes, and, if maps are available, anticipated earthquakes. A good source of information is
          USGS Professional Paper 1527; HANDOUT B is a list, taken from that publication, of example earthquakes
          from 36 states.

      1:15 Purpose and History of Building Codes (5 mins.)

      USE HANDOUTS: E) Purpose and history of building codes; F) Model building codes
      POINT TO MAKE: The safest and most cost-effective way to guard against earthquake damage is to construct
      buildings that are designed to withstand seismic events. These building specifications are contained in the
      model building codes.
      * Purpose and history of building codes: SHOW OVERHEAD 18.

      1:20 Seismic Code Provisions (10 mins.)

      USE HANDOUTS: G) Purpose of seismic code provisions; H) Seismic codes are effective; I) Seismic codes are
      inexpensive
      DISCUSS: seismic provisions in the building codes.
      * Purpose of seismic codes provisions: SHOW OVERHEAD 20.
      * History and of seismic codes (becoming the national norm: Executive Order 12699): SHOW OVERHEAD 21.
      * Seismic codes are inexpensive: SHOW OVERHEAD 23.
       Benefits outweigh the costs: SHOW OVERHEAD 24.
      * All model codes contain seismic provisions appropriate to the community's level of risk.


      1:30 Code Adoption (10 mins.)

      USE HANDOUT P: Steps for adoption of seismic codes
      * Steps for adoption of seismic codes: SHOW OVERHEAD 28.
      * Current code situation for this locality and nearby areas.
      * How the community can adopt a code.
SampteWorkshop Presentations                                                                                    135




    1:40 Group Response (10 mnins.)
    ASK: What is their reaction so far? Do they have any specific concerns or questions? Any objections?
    USE HANDOUT K: Arguments in favor of seismic codes
    * Present arguments in favor of seismic codes: SHOW OVERHEAD 25.


    1:50 Code Enforcement (5 mins.)
    USE HKNDOUTS: L) Enforcing the seismic code: a critical link; M) Five elements of effective code enforcement;
    Q) Steps for enforcement of seismic codes
    POINT TO MAKE: Having a building code with current seismic provisions is the first part of a two-part
    process. The second part is folowving through and making sure the code is enforced.
    * Five elements of effective code enforcement: SHOW OVERHEAD 27.
             Code provisions must be up to date
             Builders must apply for permits
             A qualified reviewer must review building plans
             Construction should proceed according to approved plans
             A qualified inspector must inspect the construction
        Discuss steps for enforcement: SHOW OVERHEAD 29.

    1:55 Questions and Challenges (5 mins.)

    * Questions/feedback:
          Any questions?
          Reaction to the workshop presentation? Is the information relevant to them?
          What other groups do they think could benefit from this presentation?


    NOTE: You may want to develop a short questionnaire to solicit participant feedback.


    Finally, be sure to have copies of the brochures available for participants to help deliver.
                                                                                                                  Appendix G
136




List of workshop handouts and overheads


Use this list to organize your presentation materials:
OVERHEADS:
1. Three Main Areas Covered
2. Known Historic Earthquakes in 47 States
      U.S. Seismic Hazard Map
3.
      Seismic Design Concepts (lateral forces, ductility, and drift)
4.
      Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale (explanation with MMI maps)
5.
      Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale (chart)
6.
      MMIi VI* Effects
7.
      Photo Caption: Paintstore affected by the San Fernando earthquake, 1971.
      MI VII* Effects
8.
      Photo Caption: Sidewalk in downtown, Oakland, California, 1989. Loma Prietaearthquake. (Photo: Rob Olshansky)
9.    MMI VIII* Effects
      Photo Caption: Downtown, Oakland, California, 1989. Loma Prietaearthquake. (Photo: Rob Olshansky)
10. MMI VIII* Damage
    Photo Caption: Bakery, Watsonville, California, 1989. Loma Prietaearthquake. (Photo: Rob Olshansky)
11. MMI VIII* Damage
    Photo Caption: Classroom, Coalinga, California, 1983. (Photo: EERI)
12. MMI VIII* Damage
    Photo Caption:House damaged in the Loma Prietaearthquake, 1989 (Photo: EERI)
13. MMI IX* Effects
    Photo Caption: Collapse of 1-880, Oakland California, 1989. Loma Prietaearthquake. (Photo: J. David Rogers)
14. NMI IX* Damage
    Photo Caption: Strip mall, Northridge, California, 1994. (Photo: Rob 0lshansky)
15. MMI IX* Damage
    Photo Caption: Northridge, California, 1994. (Photo: Rob Olshansky)
16. Characteristics of Dangerous Buildings
17. Identifying Critical Structures
18. Purpose and History of Building Codes
19. Model Building Codes
20. Purpose of Seismic Code Provisions
21. Seismic Building Code Timeline
22. Seismic Codes are Effective
23. Seismic Codes are Inexpensive
24. Studies Indicate That the Benefits of Seismic Codes Outweigh the Costs
      Arguments in Favor of Seismic Codes
25.
      Poor Code Enforcement Results in Deficient Buildings (Hurricane Andrew)
26.
      Five Elements of Effective Code Enforcement
27.
      Adopting Seismic Code Provisions
28.
      Establishing an Effective Building Code Enforcement Program
29.