Identification_Information: 
  Citation: 
    Citation_Information: 
      Originator: NOAA Coral Reef Watch Program
        NOAA National Environmental Satellite Data and Information Service
      Publication_Date: 20011231
      Title: Caribbean Sea Degree Heating Week Charts  Archived 2001 NOAA Twice-Weekly Satellite 50km Near Real-Time Coral Bleaching
      Edition: One
      Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote sensing image
      Publication_Information: 
        Publication_Place: Suitland, Maryland, USA
        Publisher: NOAA Coral Reef Watch Program
      Online_Linkage: http://www.osdpd.noaa.gov/PSB/EPS/SST/dhw_retro_2001.html
  Description: 
    Abstract: These archived coral bleaching Degree Heating Week (DHW) charts of the Caribbean
      Sea are graphic displays of the satellite coral bleaching DHWs of the
      Caribbean Sea at 50km resolution produced twice-weekly in near real-time
      fashion in 2001. DHW is the accumulation of Coral Bleaching HotSpots over a
      period of 12 consecutive weeks. The coral bleaching HotSpot is a special type of
      sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly and shows the difference of SST compared to
      a static coral bleaching threshold SST climatology. Only the positive anomalies
      (potential thermal stress to induce coral bleaching) are highlighted in HotSpots.
      The DHW value at any particular location at any particular time is the summation
      of the product of HotSpot values which are at least 1'C above the bleaching
      threshold SST and their durations in weeks (in minimum 0.5 week for our
      twice-weekly DHW) over the most recent 12-week period. One DHW is equivalent
      to 1 week of SST at 1'C above the threshold or 0.5 week of SST at 2'C above
      the threshold, etc.
      Satellite data from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) on
      NOAA's Polar Orbiting Environmental Satellite (POES) are used to generate
      AVHRR-SST. The most recent AVHRR data obtained from the POES that is presently
      in operational mode are processed to generate the near real-time SST
      data used to create the coral bleaching HotSpots and DHWs. The SST data,
      coral bleaching HotSpots, DHWs and DHW chart are produced twice-weekly on every
      Tuesday (using AVHRR data from the previous Saturday through Monday) and on every
      Saturday (using AVHRR data from the previous Tuesday through Friday).
    Purpose: The NOAA twice-weekly global 50km Degree Heating Weeks were primarily
      developed for NOAA's Coral Reef Watch (CRW) Program from satellite data for
      both monitoring and assessment of coral bleaching. CRW's other satellite
      monitoring and assessment products include the SST, SST anomaly, coral bleaching
      HotSpots, Tropical Coral Bleaching Indices, and SST time series.
    Supplemental_Information: The archived 2001 charts are accessable from the links marked with
      corresponding dates at URL
      http://www.osdpd.noaa.gov/PSB/EPS/SST/dhw_retro_2001.html
      The charts of the HotSpots used to derive the DHWs may be available at
      http://www.osdpd.noaa.gov/PSB/EPS/SST/climohot.html
      The charts of the SST data used to derive the HotSpots may be available at
      http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/archive/archive_chart_sst50km_2001.html
      The most recent near real-time DHWs may be avaliable at
      http://www.osdpd.noaa.gov/PSB/EPS/SST/dhw_retro.html
  Time_Period_of_Content: 
    Time_Period_Information: 
      Range_of_Dates/Times: 
        Beginning_Date: 20010101
        Ending_Date: 20011231
    Currentness_Reference: publication date
  Status: 
    Progress: Complete
    Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: none planned
  Spatial_Domain: 
    Bounding_Coordinates: 
      West_Bounding_Coordinate: -88
      East_Bounding_Coordinate: -61
      North_Bounding_Coordinate: 22
      South_Bounding_Coordinate: 9
  Keywords: 
    Theme: 
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus
      Theme_Keyword: Map Images > Sea Surface Temperature
    Theme: 
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Theme Thesaurus
      Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Coral Diseases > Bleaching > Degree Heating Week (DHW)
      Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Ocean Temperature > Sea Surface Temperature
    Theme: 
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: none
      Theme_Keyword: monitoring
      Theme_Keyword: assessment
      Theme_Keyword: remote sensing
      Theme_Keyword: satellite
      Theme_Keyword: image
      Theme_Keyword: map
      Theme_Keyword: AVHRR
      Theme_Keyword: SST
      Theme_Keyword: sea surface
      Theme_Keyword: sea surface temperature
      Theme_Keyword: temperature
      Theme_Keyword: HotSpot
      Theme_Keyword: coral bleaching HotSpot
      Theme_Keyword: Degree Heating Week
      Theme_Keyword: coral reef
      Theme_Keyword: coral bleaching
      Theme_Keyword: thermal stress
      Theme_Keyword: stress
      Theme_Keyword: NOAA
      Theme_Keyword: CoRIS
      Theme_Keyword: Coral Reef Watch
      Theme_Keyword: POES
      Theme_Keyword: Polar Orbiting Environmental Satellite
      Theme_Keyword: chart
      Theme_Keyword: oceanography
      Theme_Keyword: SST anomaly
      Theme_Keyword: temperature anomaly
      Theme_Keyword: sea surface temperature anomaly
      Theme_Keyword: HotSpot accumulation
      Theme_Keyword: accumulation
    Theme: 
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
      Theme_Keyword: oceans
      Theme_Keyword: 014
    Place: 
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Place Thesaurus
      Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Atlantic Ocean > North Atlantic Ocean > Caribbean Sea
      Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Atlantic Ocean > Caribbean Sea > Navassa Island > Navassa Island > Navassa Island (18N075W0001)
      Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Navassa Island > Navassa Island > Navassa Island (18N075W0001)
      Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Atlantic Ocean > Caribbean Sea > Virgin Islands > Lesser Antilles > U. S. Virgin Islands (17N064W0000)
      Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > U. S. Virgin Islands > U. S. Virgin Islands > U. S. Virgin Islands (17N064W0000)
      Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Atlantic Ocean > Caribbean Sea /North Atlantic Ocean > Puerto Rico > Puerto Rico (18N066W0000)
      Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Puerto Rico > Puerto Rico (18N066W0000)
    Place: 
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: none
      Place_Keyword: Caribbean Sea
    Temporal: 
      Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: none
      Temporal_Keyword: year 2001
      Temporal_Keyword: 2001
  Access_Constraints: none
  Use_Constraints: Not intended for legal use. Data may contain inaccuracies due to clouded or
    mixed pixels.
  Point_of_Contact: 
    Contact_Information: 
      Contact_Person_Primary: 
        Contact_Person: Alan E. Strong, NOAA Coral Reef Watch Program Manager
        Contact_Organization: NOAA Coral Reef Watch Program
      Contact_Address: 
        Address_Type: mailing and physical address
        Address: NOAA E/RA3, Room 601, 5200 Auth Road
        City: Camp Springs
        State_or_Province: Maryland
        Postal_Code: 20746
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 301-763-8102 ext 170
      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 301-763-8572
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov
  Browse_Graphic: 
    Browse_Graphic_File_Name: http://www.osdpd.noaa.gov/PSB/EPS/SST/dhw_retro_2001.html
    Browse_Graphic_File_Description: This is the index Web page for the archived 2001 NOAA Twice-Weekly Satellite
      50km Near Real-Time Coral Bleaching Degree Heating Week Charts
      (Caribbean Ocean)
    Browse_Graphic_File_Type: HTML, Web page
Data_Quality_Information: 
  Attribute_Accuracy: 
    Attribute_Accuracy_Report: The accuracy of the Degree Heating Weeks depends on the accuracy of Coral
      Bleaching HotSpots. No estimation on the HotSpots has been done and
      only preliminary estimates exist for using DHWs to assess coral bleaching
      and mortality although they have demonstrated remarkable preliminary
      success in denoting most bleaching events.
      Polar Orbiting Environmental Satellite (POES) AVHRR-SST values are accurate
      to within 0.5 degrees C and adjusted by in-situ information (buoys) to
      best-approximate SST at a depth of 1 meter. However, to provide a complete
      global coverage, estimation of SSTs at all pixels that are cloud
      covered may occasionally reduce the accuracy of SST at these pixels.
  Logical_Consistency_Report: none
  Completeness_Report: Selected references are as follows.
    1) Strong, A. E., C. S. Barrientos, C. Duda, and J. Sapper, 1997: Improved
    Satellite Technique for Monitoring Coral Reef Bleaching. Proc 8th International
    Coral Reef Symposium 2:1495-1498. Available also online at URL
    http://www.osdpd.noaa.gov/PSB/EPS/SST/icrs_dud.html
    2) Toscano, M. A., A. E. Strong, I. C. Guch, 1999: New Analyses for Ocean
    HotSpots and Coral Reef Bleaching. Reef Encounter, 26, 31.
    3) "New AVHRR Product -- Coral Reef Hotspots" by A. E. Strong and C. Duda,
    available at the URL http://www.osdpd.noaa.gov/PSB/EPS/SST/ashe_ab.html
    4) The information for the AVHRR-derived sea surface temperture is described
    in the following user's guide.
    Goodrum G., K. B. Kidwell, and W. Winston, 2000, NOAA KLM USER'S GUIDE. U.S.
    Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National
    Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service, National Climatic Data
    Center, Climate Services Division, Satellite Services Branch, FOB3, Room G227,
    E/CC33, 5200 Auth Road, Suitland, MD 20746-4304, USA. This manual is available
    online at http://www2.ncdc.noaa.gov/docs/klm/cover.htm. To request additional
    information contact: Telephone: (828) 271-4850, Telefax: (828) 271-4876, Email:
    satorder@ncdc.noaa.gov.
  Positional_Accuracy: 
    Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: 
      Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Users are referred to the following guide on AVHRR-derived sea surface
        temperature.
        Goodrum G., K. B. Kidwell, and W. Winston, 2000, NOAA KLM USER'S GUIDE.
        U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric
        Administration National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information
        Service, National Climatic Data Center, Climate Services Division,
        Satellite Services Branch, FOB3, Room G227, E/CC33, 5200 Auth Road,
        Suitland, MD 20746-4304, USA. This manual is available on line at
        http://www2.ncdc.noaa.gov/docs/klm/cover.htm. To request additional
        information contact: Telephone: (828) 271-4850, Telefax:
        (828) 271-4876, Email: satorder@ncdc.noaa.gov.
    Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: 
      Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: none
  Lineage: 
    Source_Information: 
      Source_Citation: 
        Citation_Information: 
          Originator: NOAA Coral Reef Watch Program
            NOAA/NESDIS
          Publication_Date: 20000101
          Title: NOAA Twice-Weekly Satellite 50km Near Real-Time Coral
            Bleaching Degree Heating Weeks (Global)
          Edition: one
          Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: data file
          Publication_Information: 
            Publication_Place: Suitland, Maryland, USA
            Publisher: NOAA Coral Reef Watch Program
      Type_of_Source_Media: data file
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 
        Time_Period_Information: 
          Range_of_Dates/Times: 
            Beginning_Date: 20010101
            Ending_Date: 20011231
        Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: NOAA Satellite Near Real-Time Coral
        Bleaching Degree Heating Weeks (Global)
      Source_Contribution: The charts are graphic displays of these source data.
    Source_Information: 
      Source_Citation: 
        Citation_Information: 
          Originator: NOAA Coral Reef Watch Program
            NOAA/NESDIS
          Publication_Date: 19970101
          Title: NOAA Twice-Weekly Satellite 50km Near Real-Time Coral
            Bleaching HotSpots (Global)
          Edition: one
          Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: data file
          Publication_Information: 
            Publication_Place: Suitland, Maryland, USA
            Publisher: NOAA Coral Reef Watch Program
      Type_of_Source_Media: data file
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 
        Time_Period_Information: 
          Range_of_Dates/Times: 
            Beginning_Date: 20010101
            Ending_Date: 20011231
        Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: NOAA Satellite Near Real-Time Coral
        Bleaching HotSpots (Global)
      Source_Contribution: The products were derived from these source data.
    Source_Information: 
      Source_Citation: 
        Citation_Information: 
          Originator: NOAA Coral Reef Watch Program
            NOAA/NESDIS
          Publication_Date: 19970101
          Title: NOAA Twice-Weekly Satellite 50km Near Real-Time Nighttime
            AVHRR Sea Surface Temperatures (Global)
          Edition: one
          Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: data file
          Publication_Information: 
            Publication_Place: Suitland, Maryland, USA
            Publisher: NOAA Coral Reef Watch Program
      Type_of_Source_Media: data file
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 
        Time_Period_Information: 
          Range_of_Dates/Times: 
            Beginning_Date: 20010101
            Ending_Date: 20011231
        Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: NOAA Satellite Near Real-Time Nighttime AVHRR
        SSTs (Global)
      Source_Contribution: The products were derived from these source data.
    Process_Step: 
      Process_Description: Degree Heating Weeks are calculated as the accumulation of coral bleaching
        HotSpots over the most recent 12 weeks. At each pixel, coral bleaching
        threshold sea surface temperature climatologic value is subtracted from
        AVHRR sea surface temperture value to produce coral bleaching HotSpot value.
        The Degree Heating Weeks are then visualized in the DHW chart. Some
        references are listed below.
        1) Strong, A. E., C. S. Barrientos, C. Duda, and J. Sapper, 1997: Improved
        Satellite Technique for Monitoring Coral Reef Bleaching. Proc 8th
        International Coral Reef Symposium 2:1495-1498. Available also online at URL
        http://www.osdpd.noaa.gov/PSB/EPS/SST/icrs_dud.html
        2) Toscano, M. A., A. E. Strong, I. C. Guch, 1999: New Analyses for Ocean
        HotSpots and Coral Reef Bleaching. Reef Encounter, 26, 31.
        3) "New AVHRR Product -- Coral Reef Hotspots" by A. E. Strong and C. Duda,
        available at the URL http://www.osdpd.noaa.gov/PSB/EPS/SST/ashe_ab.html
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: NOAA Satellite Near Real-Time Coral Bleaching Degree Heating Weeks (Global)
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: NOAA Satellite Near Real-Time Coral Bleaching HotSpots (Global)
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: NOAA Satellite Near Real-Time Nighttime AVHRR SSTs (Global)
      Process_Date: 20010101
      Process_Contact: 
        Contact_Information: 
          Contact_Person_Primary: 
            Contact_Person: Alan E. Strong, NOAA Coral Reef Watch Program Manager
            Contact_Organization: NOAA Coral Reef Watch Program
          Contact_Address: 
            Address_Type: mailing and physical address
            Address: NOAA E/RA3, Room 601, 5200 Auth Road
            City: Camp Springs
            State_or_Province: Maryland
            Postal_Code: 20746
            Country: USA
          Contact_Voice_Telephone: 301-763-8102 ext 170
          Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 301-763-8572
          Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: 
  Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster
  Raster_Object_Information: 
    Raster_Object_Type: Grid Cell
    Row_Count: 550
    Column_Count: 900
Spatial_Reference_Information: 
  Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: 
    Geographic: 
      Latitude_Resolution: 0.5
      Longitude_Resolution: 0.5
      Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal Degrees
Entity_and_Attribute_Information: 
  Detailed_Description: 
    Entity_Type: 
      Entity_Type_Label: Degree Heating Weeks grid cell
      Entity_Type_Definition: any of the one-byte data elements in the Degree Heating Weeks files
      Entity_Type_Definition_Source: self-evident
    Attribute: 
      Attribute_Label: Degree Heating Weeks grid cell value
      Attribute_Definition: Degree Heating Weeks in the location indicated by the pixel.
        In the original DHW data files, the unit is in (degrees Celsius)(week)
        and DHW values are converted into digital numbers between 0 through 255
        to be presented in gif image format.
      Attribute_Definition_Source: 1) Strong, A. E., C. S. Barrientos, C. Duda, and J. Sapper, 1997: Improved
        Satellite Technique for Monitoring Coral Reef Bleaching. Proc 8th
        International Coral Reef Symposium 2:1495-1498. Available also online at URL
        http://www.osdpd.noaa.gov/PSB/EPS/SST/icrs_dud.html
        2) Toscano, M. A., A. E. Strong, I. C. Guch, 1999: New Analyses for Ocean
        HotSpots and Coral Reef Bleaching. Reef Encounter, 26, 31.
        3) "New AVHRR Product -- Coral Reef Hotspots" by A. E. Strong and C. Duda,
        available at the URL http://www.osdpd.noaa.gov/PSB/EPS/SST/ashe_ab.html
        4) The information for the AVHRR-derived sea surface temperture is described
        in the following user's guide.
        Goodrum G., K. B. Kidwell, and W. Winston, 2000, NOAA KLM USER'S GUIDE. U.S.
        Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
        National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service, National
        Climatic Data Center, Climate Services Division, Satellite Services Branch,
        FOB3, Room G227, E/CC33, 5200 Auth Road, Suitland, MD 20746-4304, USA.
        This manual is available on line at
        http://www2.ncdc.noaa.gov/docs/klm/cover.htm. To request additional
        information contact: Telephone: (828) 271-4850, Telefax: (828) 271-4876,
        Email: satorder@ncdc.noaa.gov.
      Attribute_Domain_Values: 
        Range_Domain: 
          Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
          Range_Domain_Maximum: 255
Distribution_Information: 
  Distributor: 
    Contact_Information: 
      Contact_Person_Primary: 
        Contact_Person: Alan E. Strong, NOAA Coral Reef Watch Program Manager
        Contact_Organization: NOAA Coral Reef Watch Program
      Contact_Address: 
        Address_Type: mailing and physical address
        Address: NOAA E/RA3, Room 601, 5200 Auth Road
        City: Camp Springs
        State_or_Province: Maryland
        Postal_Code: 20746
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 301-763-8102 ext 170
      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 301-763-8572
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov
  Distribution_Liability: NOAA makes no warranty regarding these data, expressed or implied, nor does
    the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA cannot assume
    liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data,
    nor as a result of the failure of these data to function on a particular system.
  Standard_Order_Process: 
    Digital_Form: 
      Digital_Transfer_Information: 
        Format_Name: GIF format
        Format_Information_Content: Degree Heating Weeks
        Transfer_Size: 0.060
      Digital_Transfer_Option: 
        Online_Option: 
          Computer_Contact_Information: 
            Network_Address: 
              Network_Resource_Name: http://www.osdpd.noaa.gov/PSB/EPS/SST/dhw_retro_2001.html
        Offline_Option: 
          Offline_Media: CD-ROM
          Recording_Format: none
          Compatibility_Information: The GIF format is recognized by most graphics applications.
    Fees: none
    Ordering_Instructions: The product in GIF format may be downloaded from the Web site or obtained from
      the distributor.
Metadata_Reference_Information: 
  Metadata_Date: 20081124
  Metadata_Review_Date: 20081121
  Metadata_Contact: 
    Contact_Information: 
      Contact_Person_Primary: 
        Contact_Person: Alan E. Strong, NOAA Coral Reef Watch Program Manager
        Contact_Organization: NOAA Coral Reef Watch Program
      Contact_Address: 
        Address_Type: mailing and physical address
        Address: NOAA E/RA3, Room 601, 5200 Auth Road
        City: Camp Springs
        State_or_Province: Maryland
        Postal_Code: 20746
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 301-763-8102 ext 170
      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 301-763-8572
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov
  Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
  Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
CoRIS: 
  CoRIS_ID: 20081121115108
  CoRIS_Children: None
  CoRIS_Beginning_Date: 20010101
  CoRIS_Ending_Date: 20011231
  CoRIS_Metadata_Link: http://www.coris.noaa.gov/metadata/records/txt/avhrr_dhw_caribbean_sea_2001.txt
  CoRIS_Tracking_ID: 734