Identification_Information: 
  Citation: 
    Citation_Information: 
      Originator: Dr. Roger Lukas
      Publication_Date: Unknown
      Title: Niskin Bottle Data of the Hawaii Ocean Time-series (HOT) program in the North Pacific 100 Miles North of Oahu, Hawaii for Cruises HOT122-154 during 2001-2003. (NODC Accession 0001707)
      Series_Information: 
        Series_name: None
        Issue_Identification: None
      Publication_Information: 
        Publication_Place: Unpublished Material
        Publisher: Unpublished material
      Online_Linkage: http://data.nodc.noaa.gov/accession/0001707
  Description: 
    Abstract: The HOT program makes repeated observations of the physics, biology and
      chemistry at a site approximately 100 km north of Oahu, Hawaii. Two stations
      are visited about once a month: Kahe Point (Station 1:  21.34N, 158.27W) and
      Station ALOHA (Station 2: 22.75N, 158W).  Various other stations are made
      intermittently in support of similar research objectives or mooring
      deployments.
      
      Samples of water column chemical analyses were collected
      mostly in the upper 1000m using Niskin bottles mounted on a rosette.
      The strategy was to sample at density horizons within the main thermocline
      at pressure horizons above and below this region (i.e., <150 dbar
      and >2000 dbar).  Care was applied to ensure the highest possible
      accuracy and precision.
    Purpose: The objective of the physical component of HOT is to describe and understand
      the ocean climate and variability at a deep-water site in the North Pacific
      subtropical gyre near Hawaii. This requires a long time series of physical
      oceanographic variables, including water mass properties and currents,
      supporting and complementing the objectives of the biogeochemical component
      of HOT.
    Supplemental_Information: NOAASupplemental:
      Entry_ID: Unknown
      Sensor_Name: Niskin bottles
      Source_Name: ship; SeaBird Carousel
      Project_Campaign: Hawaii Ocean Time series (HOT)
      Originating_Center: University of Hawaii
      Storage_Medium: ASCII
      Reference: None
      Online_size: 1.485 Mbytes; 73 files
  Time_Period_of_Content: 
    Time_Period_Information: 
      Range_of_Dates/Times: 
        Beginning_Date: 20010115
        Ending_Date: 20031222
    Currentness_Reference: ground condition
  Status: 
    Progress: Complete
    Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: quasi-monthly cruises
  Spatial_Domain: 
    Bounding_Coordinates: 
      West_Bounding_Coordinate: -158.27
      East_Bounding_Coordinate: -158.00
      North_Bounding_Coordinate: 22.75
      South_Bounding_Coordinate: 21.34
  Keywords: 
    Theme: 
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
      Theme_Keyword: Niskin Bottles
      Theme_Keyword: temperature
      Theme_Keyword: salinity
      Theme_Keyword: temperature and salinity profile
      Theme_Keyword: water chemistry profile
      Theme_Keyword: Hawaii Ocean Time Series (HOT)
    Theme: 
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
      Theme_Keyword: oceans
      Theme_Keyword: 014
      Theme_Keyword: environment
      Theme_Keyword: 007
    Theme: 
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus
      Theme_Keyword: Numeric Data Sets > Chemistry
    Theme: 
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Theme Thesaurus
      Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Ocean Temperature > Water Temperature
      Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Salinity/Density > Salinity
      Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Ocean Chemistry > Chemistry Monitoring and Assessment
    Place: 
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
      Place_Keyword: Station Aloha
      Place_Keyword: Kahe Point
      Place_Keyword: Kaena Point
      Place_Keyword: Oahu
      Place_Keyword: Hawaii
      Place_Keyword: HALE ALOHA
      Place_Keyword: Pacific
      Place_Keyword: central north Pacific
    Place: 
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Place Thesaurus
      Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Hawaii > Kahe (21N158W0001)
      Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Hawaii > Kahe (21N158W0001)
      Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Oahu Island > Oahu (21N157W0003)
      Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Oahu (21N157W0003)
      Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Hawaii > Hawaii (21N160W0000)
      Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Hawaii > Hawaii (21N160W0000)
    Stratum: 
      Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
      Stratum_Keyword: complete ocean profile surface to bottom
  Access_Constraints: None
  Use_Constraints: Dataset credit required
  Point_of_Contact: 
    Contact_Information: 
      Contact_Person_Primary: 
        Contact_Person: Dr. Roger Lukas
        Contact_Organization: Department of Oceanography
          School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology
          University of Hawaii
      Contact_Position: Principal Investigator-- Physical data (non-ADCP)
      Contact_Address: 
        Address_Type: Mailing and physical address
        Address: 1000 Pope Rd
        Address: Marine Science Bldg. Room 418
        City: Honolulu
        State_or_Province: HI
        Postal_Code: 96822
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808-956-7892
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: rlukas@soest.hawaii.edu
  Data_Set_Credit: 1) Hawaii Ocean Time-series (HOT) (Lukas and Karl)
    2) World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE)
    (officially ended in 1998)
    3) Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS)
    HOT was initiated and funded through grants from the National Science
    Foundation under the auspices of the Joint Global Ocean Flux Study
    (JGOFS) and the World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE). The
    field phase of these programs has ended, but support from the Ocean
    Sciences Division of NSF has enabled continuation of our basic HOT
    measurement program until mid-2001. The PO component contributes to
    the objectives of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) Climate
    Variability and Predictability (CLIVAR) Programme by providing
    information on interannual to decadal variability of the North
    Pacific Ocean.
    
    Data transfer to NOAA via the NODC/NCDDC Hawaii Liaison,
    Mr.Patrick C. Caldwell.
  Native_Data_Set_Environment: ASCII text files, FORTRAN/C ready
Data_Quality_Information: 
  Logical_Consistency_Report: see methodology
  Completeness_Report: quality control completed
  Lineage: 
    Process_Step: 
      Process_Description: Each of the (approximately monthly) HOT cruises follows the same basic
        pattern with some flexibility for ancillary projects to be done after the
        core sampling has been completed. During transit from Honolulu to the
        time-series station ALOHA (A Long-term Oligotrophic Habitat Assessment) one
        weight test is done to between 700 and 1000 m at station 1 off Kahe Point
        (16 km offshore from the western tip of Oahu, 21 20.6' N, 158 16.4' W,
        1500 m water depth). Following the successful winch test, a CTD/rosette cast
        to 1000 m is conducted. This cast serves as a "shakedown" for the remainder
        of the cruise, and the functioning of the components of the CTD/rosette
        system as well as coordination between winch, deck and console operators can
        be tested. The training of new personnel in activities such as taking
        meteorological observations, and sampling salinities is also done in this
        station. The data taken at Kahe Point (station 1) represent an additional
        time-series of water properties at a near-shore site.
        
        Upon arrival at ALOHA (station 2), operations commence with a deep cast
        (maximum depth approximately 4750 m), 36-hour burst sampling3 of the upper
        1000 m at the same location, plus CTD casts to support ancillary JGOFS work
        of about an extra 12 hours duration. Time permitting, the last CTD cast of
        the cruise will be a deep cast. On occasion, one cast will be done at
        station 3 (40 miles north of ALOHA at 23 25' N, 158 W).
        
        The second and following casts at station ALOHA are sampled to at least 1000
        m depth. Cast 2 is called a "density cast" because water samples are taken
        at a number of specified density values ranging from [sigma-theta]= 27.37 to
        the surface with the intent to resolve the profiles of salinity, dissolved
        oxygen, and nutrients in potential density coordinates Depths sampled during
        the following casts within the 36-hour burst sampling period are chosen both
        by the JGOFS group and the WOCE team, who have to ensure that at least one
        water sample each is taken within the mixed layer, the shallow salinity
        maximum, the intermediate salinity minimum and the deepest position of
        the rosette for calibration of the CTD conductivity sensor. If oxygen
        bottles will be taken from the cast, then the sampling should include
        at least the mixed layer, oxygen maximum, oxygen minimum and the deepest
        rosette position for calibration of the CTD oxygen sensor. The second
        deep cast of the cruise (if there is one) should include sampling of
        oxygen bottles in at least seven levels appropriate for calibration of
        the CTD oxygen sensor, i.e. in the oxycline and two more levels below
        the oxygen minimum, in addition to the four levels mentioned before.
        
        Water samples are collected during HOT cruises using a 24 place
        rosette. Samples of salinity, oxygen, phosphate, nitrate and
        silicate are regularly taken from both shallow and deep water casts.
        Salinity samples are taken back to the University of Hawaii where
        they are measured using an Autosal salinometer . Phosphate, nitrate
        and silicate samples are also measured at the University of Hawaii
        while oxygen measurements are conducted aboard ship during the
        cruises.
        
        The primary objective of the HOT program is to assess variability in the
        central Pacific Ocean on annual and interannual time scales. One of our most
        important concerns, therefore, is to ensure that the highest possible
        precision and accuracy is consistently maintained for all water column
        chemical measurements. In order to achieve the highest possible data
        quality, we have instituted a quality-assurance/quality-control program,
        and have attempted to collect all ancillary information necessary to
        ensure that our data are not biased by sampling artifacts.
        
        Because sampling is over 36 hours, one can average out the effects
        short-term changes of the depth of density surfaces and the magnitude of
        hydrographic and nutrient variables (inertial, tidal, and shorter periods).
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: 1990 Chiswell, S., E. Firing, D. Karl, R.  Lukas and C. Winn. Hawaii
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Ocean Time-series Program Data Report 1, 1988-1989. SOEST Tech. Rept.
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: #1, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, Univ. of Hawaii,
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Honolulu, HI, 269 pp.
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: 1992 Winn, C., S. Chiswell, E. Firing, D.  Karl and R. Lukas. Hawaii Ocean
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Time-series Program Data Report 2, 1990. SOEST Tech.  Rept. 92-1, School
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, Univ. of Hawaii, Honolulu,
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: HI, 175 pp.
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: 1993 Winn, C., R. Lukas, D. Karl and E.  Firing. Hawaii Ocean Time- series
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Program Data Report 3, 1991. SOEST Tech. Report 93-3, School of Ocean and
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Earth Science and Technology, Univ. of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, 228 pp.
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: 1993 Tupas, L., F. Santiago-Mandujano, D.  Hebel, R. Lukas, D. Karl and E.
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Firing.  Hawaii Ocean Time-series Program Data Report 4, 1992. SOEST Tech.
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Report 93-14, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, Univ. of
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, 248 pp.
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: 1994 Tupas, L., F. Santiago-Mandujano, D.  Hebel, E. Firing, F. Bingham, R.
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Lukas, and D. Karl. Hawaii Ocean Time-series Program Data Report 5, 1993.
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: SOEST Tech. Report 94-5, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology,
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Univ. of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, 156 pp.
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: 1995 Tupas, L., F. Santiago-Mandujano, D.  Hebel, E. Firing, R. Lukas, and
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: D. Karl.  Hawaii Ocean Time-series Program Data Report 6, 1994. SOEST Tech.
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Report 95-6, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, Univ. of
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, 199 pp.
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: 1996 Tupas, L., F. Santiago-Mandujano, C.  Nosse, D. Hebel, E. Firing, R.
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Lukas, and D. Karl. Hawaii Ocean Time-series Program Data Report 7, 1995.
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: SOEST Tech. Report 96-7, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology,
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Univ. of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, 228 pp.
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: 1997 Tupas, L., F. Santiago-Mandujano, D.  Hebel, C. Nosse, L. Fujieki, E.
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Firing, R.  Lukas, and D. Karl. Hawaii Ocean Time-series Program Data
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Report 8, 1996.  SOEST Tech. Report 97-8, School of Ocean and Earth
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Science and Technology, Univ. of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, 296 pp.
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: 1998 Tupas, L., F. Santiago-Mandujano, D.  Hebel, C. Nosse, L. Fujieki, E.
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Firing, R.  Lukas, and D. Karl. Hawaii Ocean Time-series Program Data
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Report 9, 1997.  SOEST Tech. Report 98-9, School of Ocean and Earth
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Science and Technology, Univ. of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, 159 pp.
      Process_Date: Unknown
      Process_Contact: 
        Contact_Information: 
          Contact_Person_Primary: 
            Contact_Person: Dr. Roger Lukas
            Contact_Organization: Department of OceanographySchool of Ocean and Earth Science and TechnologyUniversity of Hawaii
          Contact_Position: Principal Investigator-- Physical data (non-ADCP)
          Contact_Address: 
            Address_Type: Mailing and physical address
            Address: 1000 Pope Rd
            Address: Marine Science Bldg. Room 418
            City: Honolulu
            State_or_Province: HI
            Postal_Code: 96822
            Country: USA
          Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808-956-7892
          Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: rlukas@soest.hawaii.edu
Entity_and_Attribute_Information: 
  Overview_Description: 
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: Directories and files:
      /data             root data directory
      
      /woce_sum       WOCE-type sum file which gives details on
      position and parameters taken of each cast and
      station of each cruise.  Filenaming convention:
      
      hotccc.sum      where ccc is cruise number
      
      /bot            Bottle data.  Filenaming convention:
      
      hotccc.sea      where ccc is cruise number
      
      BOTTLE FORMAT:
      Format for *.sea files:
      -----------------------
      
      Welcome to the HOT Water Sample Data Base
      
      Water sample data from HOT are written according to the *.sea
      files specified by the WOCE Hydrographic Programme Office, for
      submission of these data to the WHP. One file is written for
      each HOT cruise (e.g., hot1.sea contains the data from HOT-1).
      Files from the ALOHA-Climax (AC) cruises have the prefix ac
      (e.g., ac1.sea contains the data from AC-1).
      
      Formats for these files are detailed in the WHP Office Report
      WHPO 90-1, available from Steve Diggs, WHPO Data Manager,
      Scripps Institution of Oceanography, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla,
      CA 92093-0214.
      
      The files are self-explanatory, one column is written for each
      measured parameter.  Missing data are filled with -9.  A 5-line
      heading labels each column.
      
      The first year's temperatures are reported in IPTS-68.  Subsequent
      temperature are reported in ITS-90 units. Since temperature
      sensor calibrations were done in IPTS-68 units, and the UNESCO
      routines require IPTS-68 temperature, all intermediate
      processing was done in IPTS-68. As a final step, temperature and
      potential temperature were converted to ITS-90 using
      t_90 = 0.99976 t_68.
      
      Variables having 7 asterisks on the 4th heading line have a quality
      flag associated with them.  These 1-digit quality flags are concate-
      nated to form quality word which is listed as the last variable in
      each row.  The values each digit can assume and their meanings are
      listed below:
      
      Bottle quality flag definitions:
      
      Byte Value  Definition
      1       Not assigned.
      2       No problems noted.
      3       Leaking.
      4       Did not trip correctly.
      5-8      Not assigned.
      9       Samples not drawn from this bottle.
      
      Water sample quality flag definitions:
      
      Byte Value  Definition
      1       Sample for this measurement was drawn from water bottle
      but analysis not received.
      2       Acceptable measurement.
      3       Questionable measurement.
      4       Bad measurement.
      5       Not reported.
      6       Mean of replicate measurements.
      7       Manual chromatographic peak integration.
      8       Irregular digital chromatographic peak integration.
      9       Sample not drawn for this measurement from this bottle.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: none
Distribution_Information: 
  Distributor: 
    Contact_Information: 
      Contact_Organization_Primary: 
        Contact_Organization: NOAA/NESDIS/NODC/NCDDC (National Coastal Data Development Center)
      Contact_Address: 
        Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address
        Address: National Coastal Data Development Center, Building 1100
        City: Stennis Space Center
        State_or_Province: MS
        Postal_Code: 39529
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 866-732-2382
      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 228-688-2968
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ncddcgetdata@noaa.gov
      Hours_of_Service: 8am-5pm, Monday through Friday
  Distribution_Liability: NOAA makes no warranty regarding these data,expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty.  NOAA, NESDIS, NODC and NCDDC cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data, nor as a result of the failure of these data to function on a particular system.
Metadata_Reference_Information: 
  Metadata_Date: 20090105
  Metadata_Review_Date: 20090105
  Metadata_Contact: 
    Contact_Information: 
      Contact_Person_Primary: 
        Contact_Person: Mr. Patrick C. Caldwell
        Contact_Organization: NOAA/NESDIS/NODC/NCDDC
      Contact_Position: Hawaii/US Pacific Liaison
      Contact_Address: 
        Address_Type: mailing
        Address: 1000 Pope Road, MSB 316
        Address: Dept. of Oceanography
        Address: University of Hawaii at Manoa
        City: Honolulu
        State_or_Province: Hawaii
        Postal_Code: 96822
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: (808)-956-4105
      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (808) 956-2352
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: caldwell@hawaii.edu
      Hours_of_Service: 8 AM to 5 PM weekdays
      Contact_Instructions: check services@nodc.noaa.gov if not available
  Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC CSDGM
  Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
CoRIS: 
  CoRIS_ID: 20090105061355
  CoRIS_Children: None
  CoRIS_Beginning_Date: 20010115
  CoRIS_Ending_Date: 20031222
  CoRIS_Metadata_Link: http://www.coris.noaa.gov/metadata/records/txt/nodc_0001707_hotbot0103_fgdc.txt
  CoRIS_Tracking_ID: 2546