Identification_Information:
  Citation:
    Citation_Information:
      Originator: USDA Forest Service
      Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
      Publication_Date: 2000
      Title: Forest Cover Types
      Edition: 1
      Publication_Information:
        Publication_Place: Reston, VA
        Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
      Online_Linkage: <http://nationalatlas.gov/atlasftp.html>
  Description:
    Abstract:
      This data set portrays general forest cover types for the United States. 
      Data were derived from Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) 
      composite images recorded during the 1991 growing season, with the 
      exception of Puerto Rico, for which Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data were 
      used.  A total of 25 classes of forest cover types were interpreted from 
      the AVHRR and TM imagery, aided by field observations and refined with 
      ancillary data from digital elevation models. 

    Purpose:
      The forest cover types data set was developed to portray broad 
      distribution patterns of forest cover in the United States. The data 
      should be displayed at scales appropriate for 1:7,500,000-scale data. 
      No responsibility is assumed by the U.S. Geological Survey in the 
      use of these data.

    Supplemental_Information:
      This data set was combined with a shaded relief backdrop to produce a 
      printed map of forest cover types.  The original forest type 
      classification was developed by the U.S. Forest Service to accompany a 
      report on forest resources of the U.S. as mandated by the 1974 Forest and 
      Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act (PL 93-378).  Information on
      the report, "Forest Resources of the United States, 1997", may be obtained 
      from the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service 
      (<http://fia.fs.fed.us/>).  Details on development of the forest cover 
      types data set are in Zhu, Z. and Evans, D.L., 1994, U.S. Forest Types and 
      Predicted Percent Forest Cover from AVHRR Data: Photogrammetric 
      Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 60, No. 5, p. 525-531.

  Time_Period_of_Content:
    Time_Period_Information:
      Single_Date/Time:
        Calendar_Date: 2000
    Currentness_Reference: Publication date
  Status:
    Progress: Complete
    Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned
  Spatial_Domain:
    Bounding_Coordinates:
      West_Bounding_Coordinate: 172
      East_Bounding_Coordinate: -66
      North_Bounding_Coordinate: 72
      South_Bounding_Coordinate: 18
  Keywords:
    Theme:
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: none
      Theme_Keyword: Forest Cover Types
      Theme_Keyword: Forest Cover
      Theme_Keyword: Land Cover
      Theme_Keyword: Vegetation
      Theme_Keyword: Trees
      Theme_Keyword: Forests
      Theme_Keyword: Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer
      Theme_Keyword: AVHRR
      Theme_Keyword: Thematic Mapper
      Theme_Keyword: TM
    Place:
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: none
      Place_Keyword: North America
      Place_Keyword: United States
      Place_Keyword: Puerto Rico
      Place_Keyword: Alabama
      Place_Keyword: Alaska
      Place_Keyword: Arizona
      Place_Keyword: Arkansas
      Place_Keyword: California
      Place_Keyword: Colorado
      Place_Keyword: Connecticut
      Place_Keyword: Delaware
      Place_Keyword: District of Columbia
      Place_Keyword: Florida
      Place_Keyword: Georgia
      Place_Keyword: Hawaii
      Place_Keyword: Idaho
      Place_Keyword: Illinois
      Place_Keyword: Indiana
      Place_Keyword: Iowa
      Place_Keyword: Kansas
      Place_Keyword: Kentucky
      Place_Keyword: Louisiana
      Place_Keyword: Maine
      Place_Keyword: Maryland
      Place_Keyword: Massachusetts
      Place_Keyword: Michigan
      Place_Keyword: Minnesota
      Place_Keyword: Mississippi
      Place_Keyword: Missouri
      Place_Keyword: Montana
      Place_Keyword: Nebraska
      Place_Keyword: Nevada
      Place_Keyword: New Hampshire
      Place_Keyword: New Jersey
      Place_Keyword: New Mexico
      Place_Keyword: New York
      Place_Keyword: North Carolina
      Place_Keyword: North Dakota
      Place_Keyword: Ohio
      Place_Keyword: Oklahoma
      Place_Keyword: Oregon
      Place_Keyword: Pennsylvania
      Place_Keyword: Rhode Island
      Place_Keyword: South Carolina
      Place_Keyword: South Dakota
      Place_Keyword: Tennessee
      Place_Keyword: Texas
      Place_Keyword: Utah
      Place_Keyword: Vermont
      Place_Keyword: Virginia
      Place_Keyword: Washington
      Place_Keyword: West Virginia
      Place_Keyword: Wisconsin
      Place_Keyword: Wyoming

  Access_Constraints: None.
  Use_Constraints:
    None.  Acknowledgment of the National Atlas of the United States, the USDA 
    Forest Service,  and (or) the U.S. Geological Survey would be appreciated in 
    products derived from these data.
  Point_of_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Person_Primary:
        Contact_Person: Zhiliang Zhu
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing address
        Address: EROS Data Center
        City: Sioux Falls
        State_or_Province: SD
        Postal_Code: 57198-0001
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 605-594-6131
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: zhu@usgs.gov
  Data_Set_Credit: 
    This image incorporates field data collected by the USDA Forest Service.
  Native_Data_Set_Environment: 
    1-band TIFF format with color look-up table, both created using Arc/INFO
    8.0.1
Data_Quality_Information:
  Logical_Consistency_Report:
    No tests for logical consistency have been performed on this data set.
  Completeness_Report:
    This data set includes forest cover types for all 50 of the United States 
    and Puerto Rico.  Forest cover data were not available for the U.S. Virgin 
    Islands.
  Lineage:
    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Zhu, Z.
          Originator: Evans, D.L. 
          Publication_Date: 1994
          Title: 
            U.S. Forest Types and Predicted Percent Forest Cover from AVHRR 
            Data
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing
            Issue_Identification: v. 60, No. 5, p. 525-531.
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Bethesda, MD
            Publisher: American Society for Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing
      Type_of_Source_Media: internal data base
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1994
        Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: USForest
      Source_Contribution: Forest cover types information.

    Process_Step:
      Process_Description:
        A detailed description of how the forest cover classes were derived from 
        the AVHRR and TM source data may be found in USForest.  This image
        was concatenated from the four images used to create the printed map in 
        USForest: one image each for the 48 conterminous United States, Alaska,
        Hawaii, and Puerto Rico, respectively.  Pixel values in the final image
        and their associated class names and red-green-blue color values are:
        
        >Value     Class name                              RGB values
        >----------------------------------------------------------------
        >0         ocean fill                              132  193  255
        >1         non-U.S. land                           204  204  204
        >2         White-red-jack pine                     102  204  204
        >3         Spruce-fir                              255  255   51
        >4         Longleaf-slash pine                     255  153  102
        >5         Loblolly-shortleaf pine                 255  204  153
        >6         Oak-pine                                102  153  102
        >7         Oak-hickory                             153  255  153
        >8         Oak-gum-cypress                         102  153  153
        >9         Elm-ash-cottonwood                      153  102   51
        >10        Maple-beech-birch                       153  204  153
        >11        Aspen-birch                             153  102  153
        >12        Douglas-fir                             204  255  204
        >13        Hemlock-Sitka spruce                    102  204  102
        >14        Ponderosa pine                          153  204  102
        >15        Western white pine                      102  153  204
        >16        Lodgepole pine                          204  153  102
        >17        Larch                                   204  102   51
        >18        Fir-spruce                              255  204   51
        >19        Redwood                                  51  153   51
        >20        Chaparral                               153  153  102
        >21        Pinyon-juniper                          153  255  102
        >22        Western hardwoods                       204  153  153
        >23        U.S. non-forest                         255  255  255
        >24        Lakes                                   132  193  255
        >25        Alaska Spruce-birch                     204  102  102
        >26        Hawaii native forest                    102  204  102
        >27        Hawaii mixed forest                     204  204  102
        >28        Puerto Rico evergreen broadleaf forest    0  153  102
        >
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: USForest
      Process_Date: 2000

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
  Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster
  Raster_Object_Information:
    Raster_Object_Type: Grid Cell
    Row_Count: 7273
    Column_Count: 10366

Spatial_Reference_Information:
  Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
    Planar:
      Map_Projection:
        Map_Projection_Name: Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area
        Lambert_Azimuthal_Equal_Area:
          Longitude_of_Projection_Center: -100.00
          Latitude_of_Projection_Center: 45.00
          False_Easting: 0.0
          False_Northing: 0.0
      Planar_Coordinate_Information:
        Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: Row and column
        Coordinate_Representation:
          Abscissa_Resolution: 1000.0
          Ordinate_Resolution: 1000.0
        Planar_Distance_Units: meters
    Geodetic_Model:
      Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983
      Ellipsoid_Name: Sphere
      Semi-major_Axis: 6370997.0
      Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 1.0

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
  Detailed_Description:
    Entity_Type:
      Entity_Type_Label: Forest cover types grid cell
      Entity_Type_Definition: 
        Any of the grid cell elements in the forest cover types raster file.
      Entity_Type_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: 
        Forest cover types grid cell value
      Attribute_Definition: 
        Each grid cell value represents one of 25 forest cover type classes, or 
        one of 4 additional classes for oceans, lakes, non-U.S. land, and U.S. 
        non-forested land.  
      Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: ocean fill
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: 1
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: non-U.S. land
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: 2
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: White-red-jack pine
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
            U.S. Geological Survey and USDA Forest Service
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: 3
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Spruce-fir
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
            U.S. Geological Survey and USDA Forest Service
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: 4
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Longleaf-slash pine
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
            U.S. Geological Survey and USDA Forest Service
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: 5
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Loblolly-shortleaf pine
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
            U.S. Geological Survey and USDA Forest Service
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: 6
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Oak-pine
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
            U.S. Geological Survey and USDA Forest Service
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: 7
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Oak-hickory
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
            U.S. Geological Survey and USDA Forest Service
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: 8
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Oak-gum-cypress
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
            U.S. Geological Survey and USDA Forest Service
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: 9
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Elm-ash-cottonwood
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
            U.S. Geological Survey and USDA Forest Service
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: 10
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Maple-beech-birch
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
            U.S. Geological Survey and USDA Forest Service
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: 11
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Aspen-birch
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
            U.S. Geological Survey and USDA Forest Service
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: 12
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Douglas-fir
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
            U.S. Geological Survey and USDA Forest Service
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: 13
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Hemlock-Sitka spruce
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
            U.S. Geological Survey and USDA Forest Service
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: 14
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Ponderosa pine
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
            U.S. Geological Survey and USDA Forest Service
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: 15
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Western white pine
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
            U.S. Geological Survey and USDA Forest Service
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: 16
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Lodgepole pine
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
            U.S. Geological Survey and USDA Forest Service
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: 17
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Larch
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
            U.S. Geological Survey and USDA Forest Service
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: 18
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Fir-spruce
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
            U.S. Geological Survey and USDA Forest Service
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: 19
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Redwood
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
            U.S. Geological Survey and USDA Forest Service
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: 20
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Chaparral
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
            U.S. Geological Survey and USDA Forest Service
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: 21
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Pinyon-juniper
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
            U.S. Geological Survey and USDA Forest Service
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: 22
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Western hardwoods
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
            U.S. Geological Survey and USDA Forest Service
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: 23
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: U.S. non-forest
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
            U.S. Geological Survey and USDA Forest Service
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: 24
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Lakes
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
            U.S. Geological Survey and USDA Forest Service
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: 25
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Alaska Spruce-birch
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
            U.S. Geological Survey and USDA Forest Service
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: 26
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Hawaii native forest
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
            U.S. Geological Survey and USDA Forest Service
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: 27
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Hawaii mixed forest
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
            U.S. Geological Survey and USDA Forest Service
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: 28
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: 
            Puerto Rico evergreen broadleaf forest
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
            U.S. Geological Survey and USDA Forest Service

Distribution_Information:
  Distributor:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Organization_Primary:
        Contact_Organization: 
          Earth Science Information Center, U.S. Geological Survey
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing address
        Address: 507 National Center
        City: Reston
        State_or_Province: VA
        Postal_Code: 20192
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS (1-888-275-8747)
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 703-648-5920
      Contact_Instructions:
        In addition to the address above there are other ESIC offices throughout 
        the country.  A full list of these offices is at 
        <http://mapping.usgs.gov/esic/esic_index.html>.
  Distribution_Liability:
    Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at 
    the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made by the 
    U.S. Geological Survey or the USDA Forest Service regarding the utility of 
    the data on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution constitute 
    any such warranty.  Use of trademarks or formats does not constitute 
    endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey or the USDA Forest Service.  There 
    are no copyright restrictions on the use, redistribution, or further 
    processing of this data set.  No responsibility is assumed by the U.S. 
    Geological Survey or the USDA Forest Service in the use of these data.
  Standard_Order_Process:
    Digital_Form:
      Digital_Transfer_Information:
        Format_Name: TIFF
      Digital_Transfer_Option:
        Online_Option:
          Computer_Contact_Information:
            Network_Address:
              Network_Resource_Name:
                <http://nationalatlas.gov/atlasftp.html>
      Digital_Transfer_Option:
        Offline_Option:
          Offline_Media: CD-ROM
          Recording_Format: tar
    Fees:
      There is no charge for the online option.  For National Atlas files 
      ordered on CD-ROM there is a base price of $45.00 per disc, a handling fee 
      of $5.00, and a per-file charge based on file size.  The charge for files 
      less than 10 megabytes in size is $1.00.  The charge for files that range 
      in size from 10 to 150 megabytes is $7.50.  The charge for files of 150 
      megabytes or larger is $15.00.  The charge is $7.50 for the Forest Cover 
      Types data set.
    Ordering_Instructions:
      To order files on CD-ROM, please see
      <http://nationalatlas.gov/atlasftp.html#q12>.
Metadata_Reference_Information:
  Metadata_Date: 20010205
  Metadata_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Person_Primary:
        Contact_Person: Peg Rawson
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing address
        Address: 521 National Center
        City: Reston
        State_or_Province: VA
        Postal_Code: 20192
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 703-648-4183
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: atlasmail@usgs.gov
  Metadata_Standard_Name: 
    FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
  Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
  Metadata_Security_Information:
    Metadata_Security_Classification_System: None
    Metadata_Security_Classification: Unclassified
    Metadata_Security_Handling_Description: None