Metadata:
  Identification_Information:
    Citation:
      Citation_Information:
        Originator: Kurt Riitters
        Publication_Date: 200212
        Title: Land Cover Diversity
        Edition: 3
        Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Map
        Publication_Information:
          Publication_Place: Reston, VA
          Publisher: National Atlas of the United States
        Online_Linkage:
          <http://nationalatlas.gov/atlasftp.html?openChapters=chpbio#chpbio>

    Description:
      Abstract:
        This map layer is an Arc/INFO grid map of North America, excluding Hawaii
        and including the Caribbean and most of Mexico, that portrays at 1 sq.
        km resolution an index of land cover diversity calculated at 729 sq. km.
        scale.  The map layer was created by applying a spatial filter to a
        published map of seasonal land cover regions (Loveland et al. 1991)
        known as NASLCR1_2L which was obtained from the USGS EROS Data Center
        Distributed Active Archive Center (DAAC).  The spatial filter computed
        Simpson's (1949) index of land cover diversity within 729 sq. km. (27 x
        27 pixels) windows from the proportions of different land cover types
        within a window.  The [0,1] continuous index was discretized, and a byte
        representation (range: [1,245], with zero reserved for missing values)
        of the index value was stored at the center location in each window.
        The resulting surface map was projected to a standard projection, and
        clipped to shorelines defined by the STATP075 shoreline map (USGS).
        The data available through the National Atlas of the United States are
        in GeoTIFF format.  This is a revised version of the May 2002 map layer,
        with a corrected shoreline for Greenland.

      Purpose:
        These data were originally created as part of a global analysis of land
        cover diversity and pattern based on digital land cover maps derived
        from remote sensing (AVHRR) and produced by the Global Land Cover
        Characteristics project.  The land cover diversity map portrays relative
        diversity, considering both natural and anthropogenic land cover types,
        as a first step towards quantifying biodiversity at landscape-scale
        levels of biological organization.  No responsibility is assumed by the
        U.S. Geological Survey in the use of these data.
      Supplemental_Information:
        In the online, interactive National Atlas of the United States, these
        data are grouped into 6 classes for display purposes.  The display image
        was created by using the Arc/INFO GRID command SLICE.  The resultant
        grid was converted into a TIFF file for display purposes only.  The
        following lookup table describes the diversity classes in the display
        TIFF image:
        >Diversity index value         Color            RGB values
        >-------------------------------------------------------------
        >0                             Light Blue       132 193 255
        >1-61                          Yellow           254 248 156
        >62-96                         Light Orange     253 196 108
        >97-128                        Dark Orange      251 126  88
        >129-160                       Red              243  71  71
        >161-191                       Light Brown      164 113  72
        >192-245                       Dark Brown       123  93  62
        >255 (unlabeled land area)     Gray             129 159 170
        >

        For further information about the Land Cover Characterization Program of
        the U.S. Geological Survey, please see
        <http://landcover.usgs.gov/index.html>.

        The associated world file is included as part of the GeoTIFF.  The
        contents of the world file are:
        >1001.0420
        >0.000000
        >0.000000
        >-1001.0420
        >-5760628.0000
        >4488331.0000

        The following projection file can be used when using ESRI's ArcGIS to view
        the GeoTIFF (any line breaks should be removed):
        PROJCS["NAD_1983_Lambert_Azimuthal_Equal_Area",GEOGCS
        ["GCS_Sphere_ARC_INFO",DATUM["D_Sphere_ARC_INFO",SPHEROID
        ["Sphere_ARC_INFO",6370997.0,0.0]],PRIMEM["Greenwich",0.0],
        UNIT["Degree",0.0174532925199433]],PROJECTION
        ["Lambert_Azimuthal_Equal_Area"],PARAMETER["False_Easting",0.0],
        PARAMETER["False_Northing",0.0],PARAMETER["Central_Meridian",
        -100.0],PARAMETER["Latitude_Of_Origin",45.0],UNIT["Meter",1.0]]

    Time_Period_of_Content:
      Time_Period_Information:
        Range_of_Dates/Times:
          Beginning_Date: 1992
          Ending_Date: 1993
      Currentness_Reference: Dates of satellite imagery.
    Status:
      Progress: Complete
      Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: Irregular
    Spatial_Domain:
      Bounding_Coordinates:
        West_Bounding_Coordinate: 166
        East_Bounding_Coordinate: -4
        North_Bounding_Coordinate: 83
        South_Bounding_Coordinate: 15
    Keywords:
      Theme:
        Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
        Theme_Keyword: biota
        Theme_Keyword: imageryBaseMapsEarthCover
      Theme:
        Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
        Theme_Keyword: Biodiversity
        Theme_Keyword: Land cover
        Theme_Keyword: Land cover diversity
        Theme_Keyword: United States
      Place:
        Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
        Place_Keyword: United States
        Place_Keyword: USA
        Place_Keyword: Canada
        Place_Keyword: Mexico
        Place_Keyword: North America
        Place_Keyword: Cuba
        Place_Keyword: Caribbean
        Place_Keyword: Puerto Rico
        Place_Keyword: Virgin Islands
      Place:
        Place_Keyword_Thesaurus:
          U.S. Department of Commerce, 1987, Codes for the Identification of the
          States, the District of Columbia and the Outlying Areas of The United
          States, and Associated Areas (Federal Processing Standard 5-2):
          Washington, DC, National Institute of Standards and Technology.
        Place_Keyword: Alabama
        Place_Keyword: Alaska
        Place_Keyword: Arizona
        Place_Keyword: Arkansas
        Place_Keyword: California
        Place_Keyword: Colorado
        Place_Keyword: Connecticut
        Place_Keyword: Delaware
        Place_Keyword: District of Columbia
        Place_Keyword: Florida
        Place_Keyword: Georgia
        Place_Keyword: Idaho
        Place_Keyword: Illinois
        Place_Keyword: Indiana
        Place_Keyword: Iowa
        Place_Keyword: Kansas
        Place_Keyword: Kentucky
        Place_Keyword: Louisiana
        Place_Keyword: Maine
        Place_Keyword: Maryland
        Place_Keyword: Massachusetts
        Place_Keyword: Michigan
        Place_Keyword: Minnesota
        Place_Keyword: Mississippi
        Place_Keyword: Missouri
        Place_Keyword: Montana
        Place_Keyword: Nebraska
        Place_Keyword: Nevada
        Place_Keyword: New Hampshire
        Place_Keyword: New Jersey
        Place_Keyword: New Mexico
        Place_Keyword: New York
        Place_Keyword: North Carolina
        Place_Keyword: North Dakota
        Place_Keyword: Ohio
        Place_Keyword: Oklahoma
        Place_Keyword: Oregon
        Place_Keyword: Pennsylvania
        Place_Keyword: Rhode Island
        Place_Keyword: South Carolina
        Place_Keyword: South Dakota
        Place_Keyword: Tennessee
        Place_Keyword: Texas
        Place_Keyword: Utah
        Place_Keyword: Vermont
        Place_Keyword: Virginia
        Place_Keyword: Washington
        Place_Keyword: West Virginia
        Place_Keyword: Wisconsin
        Place_Keyword: Wyoming
    Access_Constraints: None
    Use_Constraints:
      None.  Acknowledgment of the National Atlas of the United States of
      America would be appreciated in products derived from these data.
    Point_of_Contact:
      Contact_Information:
        Contact_Person_Primary:
          Contact_Person: Kurt Riitters
          Contact_Organization: U.S. Forest Service, Southern Research Station
        Contact_Address:
          Address_Type: Mailing and physical address
          Address: 3041 Cornwallis Road
          City: Research Triangle Park
          State_or_Province: NC
          Postal_Code: 27709
        Contact_Voice_Telephone: 919-549-4015
        Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: kriitters@fs.fed.us

    Data_Set_Credit:
      The basic data from which this map was derived were provided by the USGS,
      EROS Data Center, Global Land Cover Characteristics Project.
    Native_Data_Set_Environment:
      These data are presently stored in grid format, ESRI Arc/INFO version
      7.1.1 running under Solaris 2.5.1, workspace size approximately 20MB.  The
      data are also available in ARC EXPORT format, produced by Arc/INFO
      version 7.1.1 running under Solaris 2.5.1, file size 20,686,335 bytes
      (compressed).  Compression is via standard UNIX COMPRESS running under
      Solaris 2.5.1.  The data available through the National Atlas of the
      United States are in GeoTIFF format.

  Data_Quality_Information:
    Attribute_Accuracy:
      Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
        The Simpson index is based on the proportions of different land cover
        types within a defined analysis window.  A statistical rule of thumb is
        that 50 observations are needed to accurately estimate a proportion.
        The analysis window was 27x27 pixels in size, or 729 pixels total, which
        exceeds the rule of thumb value of 50 needed to estimate a proportion.
        Simpson's index is just one of many which could have been used to
        quantify 'diversity'; for a discussion of the relative strengths and
        weaknesses of various indices, please consult a standard textbook on
        quantitative ecology.  In comparison to other diversity indices,
        Simpson's index tends to be more sensitive to changes in abundant land
        cover types and less sensitive to changes in rare cover types, and
        therefore less sensitive to isolated label errors (mis-classification)
        on the land cover map.  Like other indices, Simpson's index is best
        interpreted as a relative value, in comparison to other pixels on the
        same map.  Comparisons with other maps prepared from different data
        sources or at different scale are tenuous.
    Logical_Consistency_Report:
      All cell values are in the range [0,255].  Zero represents ocean or other
      water, and 255 represents unlabeled land area.
    Completeness_Report:
      Every cell identified as land surface in the original land cover map has a
      non-zero value representing the land cover diversity index.  Some coastal
      regions may have missing values as a result of reprojecting the diversity
      map to a standard projection and clipping to a mask.
    Positional_Accuracy:
      Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:

        Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
          The positional accuracy of the land cover diversity map is the same as
          the positional accuracy of the land cover map from which the diversity
          map was derived.
    Lineage:
      Source_Information:
        Source_Citation:
          Citation_Information:
            Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
            Publication_Date: 1998
            Title:
              GLCC map of seasonal land cover regions for North America, version
              1.2L
            Publication_Information:
              Publication_Place: Sioux Falls, SD
              Publisher: USGS, Center for EROS
            Other_Citation_Details:
              The procedures used in development of this map are described in
              Loveland, T.R., Merchant, J.W., Ohlen, D.O., Brown, J.F., 1991.
              Development of a Land-Cover Characteristics Database for the
              Conterminous U.S., Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing
              57:1453-1463.
        Type_of_Source_Media: Online
        Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
          Time_Period_Information:
            Range_of_Dates/Times:
              Beginning_Date: 1992
              Ending_Date: 1993
          Source_Currentness_Reference: Dates of satellite imagery.
        Source_Citation_Abbreviation: NA_SLCR
        Source_Contribution: Land cover map (Seasonal Land Cover Regions)
      Source_Information:
        Source_Citation:
          Citation_Information:
            Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
            Publication_Date: 1997
            Title: 1:7,500,000-scale State Boundaries
            Publication_Information:
              Publication_Place: Reston, VA
              Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
        Type_of_Source_Media: ftp site
        Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
          Time_Period_Information:
            Range_of_Dates/Times:
              Beginning_Date: 1972
              Ending_Date: 1996
          Source_Currentness_Reference: Ground condition.
        Source_Citation_Abbreviation: STATP075
        Source_Contribution: Shoreline information
      Source_Information:
        Source_Citation:
          Citation_Information:
            Originator: Simpson, E.H.
            Publication_Date: 19490430
            Title: Measurement of diversity.
            Larger_Work_Citation:
              Citation_Information:
                Originator: Macmillan and Co., Ltd.
                Publication_Date: 19490430
                Title: Nature
                Edition: Volume 163, No. 4148
                Other_Citation_Details: page 688
        Type_of_Source_Media: Journal article
        Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
          Time_Period_Information:
            Single_Date/Time:
              Calendar_Date: 1949
          Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date.
        Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Nature1949
        Source_Contribution: Description of diversity index measure
      Source_Information:
        Source_Citation:
          Citation_Information:
            Originator: Kurt Riitters
            Publication_Date: 1998
            Title: U.S. Diversity map
            Publication_Information:
              Publication_Place: Reston
              Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
        Type_of_Source_Media: Internal file
        Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
          Time_Period_Information:
            Single_Date/Time:
              Calendar_Date: 1998
          Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
        Source_Citation_Abbreviation: SLDIV27_A
        Source_Contribution: Source file for diversity image
      Source_Information:
        Source_Citation:
          Citation_Information:
            Originator: Kurt Riitters
            Publication_Date: 1998
            Title: U.S. Diversity map exchange file
            Publication_Information:
              Publication_Place: Reston
              Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
        Type_of_Source_Media: Internal file
        Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
          Time_Period_Information:
            Single_Date/Time:
              Calendar_Date: 1998
          Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
        Source_Citation_Abbreviation: LCD729K.E00
        Source_Contribution: Diversity image exchange file

      Source_Information:
        Source_Citation:
          Citation_Information:
            Originator: Kurt Riitters
            Publication_Date: 199905
            Title: Land Cover Diversity
            Edition: 1
            Publication_Information:
              Publication_Place: Reston, VA
              Publisher: National Atlas of the United States
        Type_of_Source_Media: online
        Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
          Time_Period_Information:
            Range_of_Dates/Times:
              Beginning_Date: 1992
              Ending_Date: 1993
          Source_Currentness_Reference: Dates of satellite imagery.
        Source_Citation_Abbreviation: LANDDIV_IMAGE99
        Source_Contribution: Land Cover Diversity TIFF image.

      Source_Information:
        Source_Citation:
          Citation_Information:
            Originator: Kurt Riitters
            Publication_Date: 200205
            Title: Land Cover Diversity
            Publication_Information:
              Publication_Place: Reston, VA
              Publisher: National Atlas of the United States
        Type_of_Source_Media: Online
        Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
          Time_Period_Information:
            Range_of_Dates/Times:
              Beginning_Date: 1992
              Ending_Date: 1993
          Source_Currentness_Reference: Dates of satellite imagery.
        Source_Citation_Abbreviation: LANDDIV_IMAGE200205
        Source_Contribution: Land Cover Diversity TIFF image.

      Source_Information:
        Source_Citation:
          Citation_Information:
            Originator: National Imagery and Mapping Agency
            Publication_Date: 1990
            Title: World Vector Shoreline
            Publication_Information:
              Publication_Place: Bethesda, MD
              Publisher: National Imagery and Mapping Agency
            Online_Linkage: <http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/shorelines/shorelines.html>
        Type_of_Source_Media: Online
        Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
          Time_Period_Information:
            Single_Date/Time:
              Calendar_Date: 1990
          Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
        Source_Citation_Abbreviation: WVS
        Source_Contribution: Shoreline information.

      Process_Step:
        Process_Description:
          Derivation of land cover diversity from land cover:

          Land cover data (NA_SLCR) was obtained from EROS Data Center in band
          sequential (bsq) format.  The header was created using metadata for
          NA_SLCR, and brought into Arc/INFO using the IMAGEGRID command.

          The land cover data was exported to ASCII format using the Arc/INFO
          command GRIDASCII, and the format was converted to an in-house format
          using an in-house software tool named ASC2TVA.C.

          The map was subdivided into four (4) overlapping rectangles using an
          in-house software tool named SPLITTER.C.  The rectangles overlapped to
          avoid artifacts near image boundaries during the spatial filtering
          operations.

          The in-house spatial filtering program SPATCONV.C was used to process
          each of the four rectangles, to estimate Simpson's diversity index
          (described in Nature1949), as follows:  A 729 sq. km. (27x27 pixels)
          quadrat was centered on each pixel of the original land cover map.
          Simpson's index was then calculated as one minus the sum of the
          squares of the land cover proportions within the quadrat.  The index
          ranges from zero to one, with larger index values representing greater
          land cover diversity.  The calculated values were discretized to the
          range [1,255] and stored at one-kilometer spatial resolution.  Thus, a
          pixel value in this data represents the land cover diversity of the
          surrounding 729 sq. km. on the original land cover map.  Pixels
          representing water were included in the diversity calculations if the
          pixel at the center of the quadrat was not water, but no calculation
          was made if the quadrat was centered on a water pixel.

          The transformation used to discretize the index values was:
          >D = ( C * 254) + 1
          >where
          >D = discretized value in range [1,255]
          >C = calculated value of Simpson's index in range [0,1]

          If needed, the original calculated values can be approximated by
          applying the back-transformation:
          >C = (D - 1) / 254

          Note that the back-transformed values will be in steps of
          approximately 0.00394 as a result of the discretization process
          (precision has been lost).

          After spatial filtering, the map of diversity index values was
          constructed by: reassembling the four rectangles into a single image
          via an in-house software tool named LUMPER.C, which removed the
          overlapping parts of the rectangles; converting the format to ASCII
          using the in-house software tool TVA2ASC.C; and finally, bringing the
          file back into Arc/INFO using the command ASCIIGRID.

          The georeferencing did not change as a result of reformatting,
          exporting, and importing, or spatial filtering.  The derived map is
          comparable on a pixel-by-pixel basis to the original land cover map.
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: NA_SLCR
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Nature1949
        Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: SLDIV27_A
        Process_Date: 1998
      Process_Step:
        Process_Description:
          The derived diversity map (SLDIV27_A) was projected to the Lambert
          Azimuthal Equal Area projection, using the Arc/INFO command PROJECT.
          This projection is the standard projection used for image files in the
          National Atlas of the United States.  The only difference between
          the original diversity map projection and the National Atlas
          projection is the latitude of the projection center, which is 50
          degrees 0' 0" in the original map, compared to 45 degrees 0' 0" in the
          National Atlas.  The new projection resulted in a slightly larger cell
          size (1001.042 meters square) in comparison to the original land cover
          and diversity maps (1000 meters square).

          The image was clipped to the study area using the shoreline file, and
          the land areas without data were added.  This was accomplished by
          defining a grid mask using Arc/INFO's command POLYGRID and specifying
          a cell size of 1000.984 meters.  The clip was done in Arc/INFO GRID by
          setting the mask and analysis window (SETMASK and SETWINDOW) to the
          gridded version of STATP075, and overlaying.

          The resulting map was visually inspected, then exported using the
          Arc/INFO command EXPORT with the options set to 'grid, no
          compression'.  The standard UNIX compress utility was applied to the
          exported file.
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: STATP075
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: SLDIV27_A
        Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: LCD729K.E00
        Process_Date: 1998
      Process_Step:
        Process_Description:
          The grid was converted to a TIFF image using the command GRIDIMAGE.
          Two files were created during the conversion, the TIFF image and a
          world file (.tfw extension) containing real-world coordinate
          transformation information.
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: LCD729K.E00
        Process_Date: 1999
        Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: LANDDIV_IMAGE99

      Process_Step:
        Process_Description:
          A GeoTIFF Revision 1.0 header was added and PackBits compression was
          applied to the image.
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: LANDDIV_IMAGE99
        Process_Date: 200205
        Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: LANDDIV_IMAGE200205

      Process_Step:
        Process_Description:
          Image data for Greenland were adjusted and remasked to correct for
          geometric distortion in the northwest part of the island between the
          Robeson Channel and Cape Morris Jesup, and to improve registration with
          a new, corrected coastline derived from World Vector Shoreline (WVS).

          A link coverage was created in ArcEdit containing links between the
          original Greenland data and the new coastline.  The link coverage was
          used in the Arc Adjust command to perform a linear transformation with
          nearest neighbor resampling on the original image, stored as an Arc/INFO
          grid dataset.  The resulting image is geometrically correct and fits the
          WVS coastline.  This correction was applied to data for Greenland only;
          the rest of the image was left unchanged.
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: LANDDIV_IMAGE_200205
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: WVS
        Process_Date: 200212

  Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
    Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster
    Raster_Object_Information:
      Raster_Object_Type: Grid Cell
      Row_Count: 7265
      Column_Count: 10030

  Spatial_Reference_Information:
    Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
      Planar:
        Map_Projection:
          Map_Projection_Name: Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area
          Lambert_Azimuthal_Equal_Area:
            Longitude_of_Projection_Center: -100.00
            Latitude_of_Projection_Center: 45.00
            False_Easting: 0.0
            False_Northing: 0.0
        Planar_Coordinate_Information:
          Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: Row and column
          Coordinate_Representation:
            Abscissa_Resolution: 1001.042
            Ordinate_Resolution: 1001.042
          Planar_Distance_Units: meters
      Geodetic_Model:
        Horizontal_Datum_Name: None
        Ellipsoid_Name: Sphere
        Semi-major_Axis: 6370997.0
        Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 1.0

  Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
    Detailed_Description:
      Entity_Type:
        Entity_Type_Label: Land cover diversity grid cell
        Entity_Type_Definition: Any of the data elements in the land cover diversity file.
        Entity_Type_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey
      Attribute:
        Attribute_Label: Land cover diversity grid cell value
        Attribute_Definition:
          The value is a measure of the variety (diversity) of land cover
          classes in the area surrounding the grid cell.  Diversity is described
          by a range of values, where smaller values represent less diversity,
          and larger values represent more diversity.
        Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey
        Attribute_Domain_Values:
          Range_Domain:
            Range_Domain_Minimum: 1
            Range_Domain_Maximum: 245
        Attribute_Domain_Values:
          Enumerated_Domain:
            Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0
            Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Water
            Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey
        Attribute_Domain_Values:
          Enumerated_Domain:
            Enumerated_Domain_Value: 255
            Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Unlabeled land area
            Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey
  Distribution_Information:
    Distributor:
      Contact_Information:
        Contact_Organization_Primary:
          Contact_Organization: Earth Science Information Center, U.S. Geological Survey
        Contact_Address:
          Address_Type: Mailing address
          Address: 507 National Center
          City: Reston
          State_or_Province: VA
          Postal_Code: 20192
        Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS (1-888-275-8747)
        Contact_Voice_Telephone: 703-648-5920
        Contact_Instructions:
          In addition to the address above there are other ESIC offices
          throughout the country.  A full list of these offices is at
          <http://ask.usgs.gov/esic_index.html>.
    Distribution_Liability:
      Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system
      at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made by
      the U.S. Geological Survey regarding the utility of the data on any other
      system, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty.
    Standard_Order_Process:
      Digital_Form:
        Digital_Transfer_Information:
          Format_Name: TIFF
        Digital_Transfer_Option:
          Online_Option:
            Computer_Contact_Information:
              Network_Address:
                Network_Resource_Name: <http://nationalatlas.gov/atlasftp.html?openChapters=chpbio#chpbio>
      Fees: There is no charge for the map layer.

  Metadata_Reference_Information:
    Metadata_Date: 20060427
    Metadata_Contact:
      Contact_Information:
        Contact_Person_Primary:
          Contact_Person: Peg Rawson
          Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
        Contact_Address:
          Address_Type: Mailing address
          Address: 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
          Address: MS-561
          City: Reston
          State_or_Province: VA
          Postal_Code: 20192
        Contact_Voice_Telephone: 703-648-4183
        Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: atlasmail@usgs.gov
    Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
    Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
    Metadata_Security_Information:
      Metadata_Security_Classification_System: None
      Metadata_Security_Classification: Unclassified
      Metadata_Security_Handling_Description: None