-CITE-
    49 USC CHAPTER 305 - NATIONAL MOTOR VEHICLE TITLE
           INFORMATION SYSTEM                              01/02/2006
-EXPCITE-
    TITLE 49 - TRANSPORTATION
    SUBTITLE VI - MOTOR VEHICLE AND DRIVER PROGRAMS
    PART A - GENERAL
    CHAPTER 305 - NATIONAL MOTOR VEHICLE TITLE INFORMATION SYSTEM
-HEAD-
       CHAPTER 305 - NATIONAL MOTOR VEHICLE TITLE INFORMATION SYSTEM   
-MISC1-
    Sec.                                                     
    30501.      Definitions.                                          
    30502.      National Motor Vehicle Title Information System.      
    30503.      State participation.                                  
    30504.      Reporting requirements.                               
    30505.      Penalties and enforcement.                            
                                AMENDMENTS                            
      1997 - Pub. L. 105-102, Sec. 3(b), Nov. 20, 1997, 111 Stat. 2215,
    amended directory language of Pub. L. 104-152. See 1996 Amendment
    note below.
      1996 - Pub. L. 104-152, Sec. 2(c), July 2, 1996, 110 Stat. 1384,
    as amended by Pub. L. 105-102, Sec. 3(b), Nov. 20, 1997, 111 Stat.
    2215, substituted "National Motor Vehicle Title Information System"
    for "National Automobile Title Information System" in chapter
    heading and in item 30502.
-End-
-CITE-
    49 USC Sec. 30501                                           01/02/2006
-EXPCITE-
    TITLE 49 - TRANSPORTATION
    SUBTITLE VI - MOTOR VEHICLE AND DRIVER PROGRAMS
    PART A - GENERAL
    CHAPTER 305 - NATIONAL MOTOR VEHICLE TITLE INFORMATION SYSTEM
-HEAD-
    Sec. 30501. Definitions
-STATUTE-
      In this chapter - 
        (1) "automobile" has the same meaning given that term in
      section 32901(a) of this title.
        (2) "certificate of title" means a document issued by a State
      showing ownership of an automobile.
        (3) "insurance carrier" means an individual or entity engaged
      in the business of underwriting automobile insurance.
        (4) "junk automobile" means an automobile that - 
          (A) is incapable of operating on public streets, roads, and
        highways; and
          (B) has no value except as a source of parts or scrap.
        (5) "junk yard" means an individual or entity engaged in the
      business of acquiring or owning junk automobiles for - 
          (A) resale in their entirety or as spare parts; or
          (B) rebuilding, restoration, or crushing.
        (6) "operator" means the individual or entity authorized or
      designated as the operator of the National Motor Vehicle Title
      Information System under section 30502(b) of this title, or the
      Attorney General, if there is no authorized or designated
      individual or entity.
        (7) "salvage automobile" means an automobile that is damaged by
      collision, fire, flood, accident, trespass, or other event, to
      the extent that its fair salvage value plus the cost of repairing
      the automobile for legal operation on public streets, roads, and
      highways would be more than the fair market value of the
      automobile immediately before the event that caused the damage.
        (8) "salvage yard" means an individual or entity engaged in the
      business of acquiring or owning salvage automobiles for - 
          (A) resale in their entirety or as spare parts; or
          (B) rebuilding, restoration, or crushing.
        (9) "State" means a State of the United States or the District
      of Columbia.
-SOURCE-
    (Pub. L. 103-272, Sec. 1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 979; Pub. L.
    104-152, Secs. 2(c), 3(a), July 2, 1996, 110 Stat. 1384; Pub. L.
    105-102, Sec. 3(b), Nov. 20, 1997, 111 Stat. 2215.)
-MISC1-
                       HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES                   
    --------------------------------------------------------------------
      Revised       Source (U.S. Code)       Source (Statutes at Large) 
      Section                                                           
    --------------------------------------------------------------------
    30501          15:2041.                Oct. 25, 1992, Pub. L.       
                                            102-519, Sec. 201, 106 Stat.
                                            3389.                       
    --------------------------------------------------------------------
      In subsection (a)(2), the word "showing" is substituted for
    "evidencing" to use a more commonly understood term.
      In subsection (a)(3), (5), and (8), the words "individual or
    entity" are substituted for "individual, corporation, or other
    entity" for clarity and consistency in the revised title and with
    other titles of the United States Code.
      In subsection (a)(4) and (7), the words "public streets, roads,
    and highways" are substituted for "roads or highways" for clarity
    and consistency in the revised title.
      In subsection (a)(6), the words "National Automobile Title
    Information System" are substituted for "information system" for
    clarity. The words "no authorized or designated individual or
    entity" are substituted for "no such individual or entity is
    authorized" for clarity
      In subsection (a)(7), the word "event" is substituted for
    "occurrence" for clarity and consistency.
      The text of 15:2041(9) is omitted because the complete title of
    the Secretary of Transportation is used the first time the term
    appears in a section.
                                AMENDMENTS                            
      1997 - Par. (6). Pub. L. 105-102 amended directory language of
    Pub. L. 104-152, Sec. 2(c). See 1996 Amendment note below.
      1996 - Par. (6). Pub. L. 104-152, Sec. 3(a), substituted
    "Attorney General" for "Secretary of Transportation".
      Pub. L. 104-152, Sec. 2(c), as amended by Pub. L. 105-102, Sec.
    3(b), substituted "National Motor Vehicle Title Information System"
    for "National Automobile Title Information System".
                     EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1997 AMENDMENT                 
      Pub. L. 105-102, Sec. 3(b), Nov. 20, 1997, 111 Stat. 2215,
    provided that the amendment made by section 3(b) is effective July
    2, 1996.
      Amendment by Pub. L. 105-102 effective as if included in the
    provisions of the Act to which the amendment relates, see section
    3(f) of Pub. L. 105-102, set out as a note under section 106 of
    this title.
-End-
-CITE-
    49 USC Sec. 30502                                           01/02/2006
-EXPCITE-
    TITLE 49 - TRANSPORTATION
    SUBTITLE VI - MOTOR VEHICLE AND DRIVER PROGRAMS
    PART A - GENERAL
    CHAPTER 305 - NATIONAL MOTOR VEHICLE TITLE INFORMATION SYSTEM
-HEAD-
    Sec. 30502. National Motor Vehicle Title Information System
-STATUTE-
      (a) Establishment or Designation. - (1) In cooperation with the
    States and not later than December 31, 1997, the Attorney General
    shall establish a National Motor Vehicle Title Information System
    that will provide individuals and entities referred to in
    subsection (e) of this section with instant and reliable access to
    information maintained by the States related to automobile titling
    described in subsection (d) of this section. However, if the
    Attorney General decides that the existing information system meets
    the requirements of subsections (d) and (e) of this section and
    will permit the Attorney General to carry out this chapter as early
    as possible, the Attorney General, in consultation with the
    Secretary of Transportation, may designate an existing information
    system as the National Motor Vehicle Title Information System.
      (2) In cooperation with the Secretary of Transportation and the
    States, the Attorney General shall ascertain the extent to which
    title and related information to be included in the system
    established under paragraph (1) of this subsection will be
    adequate, timely, reliable, uniform, and capable of assisting in
    efforts to prevent the introduction or reintroduction of stolen
    vehicles and parts into interstate commerce.
      (b) Operation. - The Attorney General may authorize the operation
    of the System established or designated under subsection (a)(1) of
    this section by agreement with one or more States, or by
    designating, after consulting with the States, a third party that
    represents the interests of the States.
      (c) User Fees. - Operation of the System established or
    designated under subsection (a)(1) of this section shall be paid
    for by user fees and should be self-sufficient and not be dependent
    on amounts from the United States Government. The amount of fees
    the operator collects and keeps under this subsection subject to
    annual appropriation laws, excluding fees the operator collects and
    pays to an entity providing information to the operator, may be not
    more than the costs of operating the System.
      (d) Information Requirements. - The System established or
    designated under subsection (a)(1) of this section shall permit a
    user of the System at least to establish instantly and reliably - 
        (1) the validity and status of a document purporting to be a
      certificate of title;
        (2) whether an automobile bearing a known vehicle
      identification number is titled in a particular State;
        (3) whether an automobile known to be titled in a particular
      State is or has been a junk automobile or a salvage automobile;
        (4) for an automobile known to be titled in a particular State,
      the odometer mileage disclosure required under section 32705 of
      this title for that automobile on the date the certificate of
      title for that automobile was issued and any later mileage
      information, if noted by the State; and
        (5) whether an automobile bearing a known vehicle
      identification number has been reported as a junk automobile or a
      salvage automobile under section 30504 of this title.
      (e) Availability of Information. - (1) The operator shall make
    available - 
        (A) to a participating State on request of that State,
      information in the System about any automobile;
        (B) to a Government, State, or local law enforcement official
      on request of that official, information in the System about a
      particular automobile, junk yard, or salvage yard;
        (C) to a prospective purchaser of an automobile on request of
      that purchaser, including an auction company or entity engaged in
      the business of purchasing used automobiles, information in the
      System about that automobile; and
        (D) to a prospective or current insurer of an automobile on
      request of that insurer, information in the System about that
      automobile.
      (2) The operator may release only the information reasonably
    necessary to satisfy the requirements of paragraph (1) of this
    subsection. The operator may not collect an individual's social
    security account number or permit users of the System to obtain an
    individual's address or social security account number.
      (f) Immunity. - Any person performing any activity under this
    section or sections 30503 or 30504 in good faith and with the
    reasonable belief that such activity was in accordance with this
    section or section 30503 or 30504, as the case may be, shall be
    immune from any civil action respecting such activity which is
    seeking money damages or equitable relief in any court of the
    United States or a State.
-SOURCE-
    (Pub. L. 103-272, Sec. 1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 980; Pub. L.
    104-152, Secs. 2(a), (c), 3, 4, July 2, 1996, 110 Stat. 1384; Pub.
    L. 105-102, Sec. 3(b), Nov. 20, 1997, 111 Stat. 2215.)
-MISC1-
                       HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES                   
    --------------------------------------------------------------------
      Revised       Source (U.S. Code)       Source (Statutes at Large) 
      Section                                                           
    --------------------------------------------------------------------
    30502(a)       15:2042(a)(1).          Oct. 25, 1992, Pub. L.       
                                            102-519, Sec. 202, 106 Stat.
                                            3390.                       
    30502(b)       15:2042(a)(2).                                       
    30502(c)       15:2042(a)(3).                                       
    30502(d)       15:2042(b).                                          
    30502(e)       15:2042(c).                                          
    --------------------------------------------------------------------
      In subsection (a)(1), the words "January 31, 1996" are
    substituted for "January 1996" for clarity. The words "National
    Automobile Title Information System" are substituted for "National
    Motor Vehicle Title Information System" for clarity and consistency
    because the defined term in the source provisions being restated is
    "automobile". The words "individuals and entities referred to in
    subsection (e) of this section" are substituted for "States and
    others", the words "information maintained by the States related to
    automobile titling described in subsection (d) of this section" are
    substituted for "information maintained by other States pertaining
    to the titling of automobiles", and the words "existing information
    system" are substituted for "such system", for clarity.
      In subsection (a)(2), the words "In cooperation with" are
    substituted for "working with" for clarity and consistency in the
    revised title and with other titles of the United States Code.
      In subsection (b), the word "agreement" is substituted for
    "contract through an agreement" to eliminate unnecessary words. The
    word "designating" is substituted for "redesignating" for clarity.
      In subsection (c), the words "user fees" are substituted for "a
    system of user fees" to eliminate unnecessary words. The words
    "amounts from the United States Government" are substituted for
    "Federal funds" for clarity and consistency in the revised titles
    and with other titles of the Code. The word "pays" are substituted
    for "passed on" for clarity. The word "entity" is substituted for
    "State or other entity" to eliminate unnecessary words.
      In subsection (d)(4), the words "the odometer mileage disclosure
    required" are substituted for "the odometer reading information",
    and the words "any later mileage information" are substituted for
    "any such later odometer information", for consistency with section
    32705 of the revised title.
      In subsection (e)(2), the words "The operator may release only
    the information necessary" are substituted for "Notwithstanding any
    provision of paragraphs (1) through (4), the operator shall release
    no information other than what is necessary" to eliminate
    unnecessary words. The words "social security account number" are
    substituted for "social security number" for consistency with
    42:405.
                                AMENDMENTS                            
      1997 - Pub. L. 105-102 amended directory language of Pub. L. 104-
    152, Sec. 2(c). See 1996 Amendment notes below.
      1996 - Pub. L. 104-152, Sec. 2(c), as amended by Pub. L. 105-102,
    substituted "Motor Vehicle" for "Automobile" in section catchline.
      Subsecs. (a), (b). Pub. L. 104-152, Sec. 3(a), which directed the
    amendment of this section by striking each reference to "Secretary
    of Transportation" or "Secretary" and inserting "Attorney General",
    and Pub. L. 104-152, Sec. 3(b), which directed the striking of each
    reference to "Attorney General" and inserting "Secretary of
    Transportation", were executed simultaneously, to reflect the
    probable intent of Congress. See below.
      Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 104-152, Sec. 3, substituted "Attorney
    General shall" for "Secretary of Transportation shall", "Attorney
    General decides" for "Secretary decides", "permit the Attorney
    General" for "permit the Secretary", and "Attorney General, in
    consultation with the Secretary of Transportation" for "Secretary,
    in consultation with the Attorney General".
      Pub. L. 104-152, Sec. 2(c), as amended by Pub. L. 105-102,
    substituted "National Motor Vehicle Title Information System" for
    "National Automobile Title Information System" in two places.
      Pub. L. 104-152, Sec. 2(a), substituted "December 31, 1967" for
    "January 31, 1966".
      Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 104-152, Sec. 3, substituted "Secretary
    of Transportation" for "Attorney General" and "Attorney General"
    for "Secretary".
      Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 104-152, Sec. 3(a), substituted "Attorney
    General" for "Secretary".
      Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 104-152, Sec. 4, added subsec. (f).
                     EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1997 AMENDMENT                 
      Pub. L. 105-102, Sec. 3(b), Nov. 20, 1997, 111 Stat. 2215,
    provided that the amendment made by section 3(b) is effective July
    2, 1996.
      Amendment by Pub. L. 105-102 effective as if included in the
    provisions of the Act to which the amendment relates, see section
    3(f) of Pub. L. 105-102, set out as a note under section 106 of
    this title.
                          EFFECTIVENESS OF SYSTEM                      
      Section 6(c) of Pub. L. 104-152 provided that: "The information
    system established under section 30502 of title 49, United States
    Code, shall be effective as provided in the rules promulgated by
    the Attorney General."
-End-
-CITE-
    49 USC Sec. 30503                                           01/02/2006
-EXPCITE-
    TITLE 49 - TRANSPORTATION
    SUBTITLE VI - MOTOR VEHICLE AND DRIVER PROGRAMS
    PART A - GENERAL
    CHAPTER 305 - NATIONAL MOTOR VEHICLE TITLE INFORMATION SYSTEM
-HEAD-
    Sec. 30503. State participation
-STATUTE-
      (a) State Information. - Each State shall make titling
    information maintained by that State available for use in operating
    the National Motor Vehicle Title Information System established or
    designated under section 30502 of this title.
      (b) Verification Checks. - Each State shall establish a practice
    of performing an instant title verification check before issuing a
    certificate of title to an individual or entity claiming to have
    purchased an automobile from an individual or entity in another
    State. The check shall consist of - 
        (1) communicating to the operator - 
          (A) the vehicle identification number of the automobile for
        which the certificate of title is sought;
          (B) the name of the State that issued the most recent
        certificate of title for the automobile; and
          (C) the name of the individual or entity to whom the
        certificate of title was issued; and
        (2) giving the operator an opportunity to communicate to the
      participating State the results of a search of the information.
      (c) Grants to States. - (1) In cooperation with the States and
    not later than January 1, 1994, the Attorney General shall - 
        (A) conduct a review of systems used by the States to compile
      and maintain information about the titling of automobiles; and
        (B) determine for each State the cost of making titling
      information maintained by that State available to the operator to
      meet the requirements of section 30502(d) of this title.
      (2) The Attorney General may make reasonable and necessary grants
    to participating States to be used in making titling information
    maintained by those States available to the operator.
      (d) Report to Congress. - Not later than October 1, 1998, the
    Attorney General shall report to Congress on which States have met
    the requirements of this section. If a State has not met the
    requirements, the Attorney General shall describe the impediments
    that have resulted in the State's failure to meet the requirements.
-SOURCE-
    (Pub. L. 103-272, Sec. 1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 981; Pub. L.
    104-152, Secs. 2(b), (c), 3(a), 6(a), July 2, 1996, 110 Stat. 1384,
    1385; Pub. L. 105-102, Sec. 3(b), Nov. 20, 1997, 111 Stat. 2215.)
-MISC1-
                       HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES                   
    --------------------------------------------------------------------
      Revised       Source (U.S. Code)       Source (Statutes at Large) 
      Section                                                           
    --------------------------------------------------------------------
    30503(a)       15:2043(a)(1).          Oct. 25, 1992, Pub. L.       
                                            102-519, Sec. 203, 106 Stat.
                                            3391.                       
    30503(b)       15:2043(a)(2).                                       
    30503(c)       15:2043(b).                                          
    30503(d)       15:2043(c).                                          
    --------------------------------------------------------------------
      In subsection (a), the words "for use in operating . . .
    established or designated" are substituted for "for use in
    establishing . . . established" for clarity and for consistency
    with the source provisions restated in section 30502 of the revised
    title.
      In subsection (b), before clause (1), the words "The check" are
    substituted for "Such instant title verification check" to
    eliminate unnecessary words. In subclauses (A) and (B), the words
    "of the automobile" are substituted for "of the vehicle" for
    consistency in the revised chapter.
      In subsection (c)(1)(B), the words "section 30502(d) of this
    title" are substituted for "subsection (b)" to reflect the apparent
    intent of Congress.
      In subsection (c)(2)(A), before subclause (i), the words "is not
    more than the lesser of" are substituted for "does not exceed . . .
    whichever is lower" for clarity. In subclause (i), the words
    "paragraph (1)(B) of this subsection" are substituted for
    "subsection (d)(1)(B)" to reflect the apparent intent of Congress.
      In subsection (c)(2)(B), the word "fair" is omitted as being
    included in "reasonable".
                                AMENDMENTS                            
      1997 - Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 105-102 amended directory language of
    Pub. L. 104-152, Sec. 2(c). See 1996 Amendment note below.
      1996 - Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 104-152, Sec. 2(c), as amended by
    Pub. L. 105-102, substituted "National Motor Vehicle Title
    Information System" for "National Automobile Title Information
    System".
      Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 104-152, Sec. 3(a), substituted "Attorney
    General" for "Secretary of Transportation".
      Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 104-152, Sec. 6(a), amended par. (2)
    generally. Prior to amendment, par. (2) read as follows: "The
    Secretary may make grants to participating States to be used in
    making titling information maintained by those States available to
    the operator if - 
        "(A) the grant to a State is not more than the lesser of - 
          "(i) 25 percent of the cost of making titling information
        maintained by that State available to the operator as
        determined by the Secretary under paragraph (1)(B) of this
        subsection; or
          "(ii) $300,000; and
        "(B) the Secretary decides that the grants are reasonable and
      necessary to establish the System."
      Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 104-152, Secs. 2(b), 3(a), substituted
    "October 1, 1998" for "January 1, 1997" and substituted "Attorney
    General" for "Secretary" in two places.
                     EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1997 AMENDMENT                 
      Pub. L. 105-102, Sec. 3(b), Nov. 20, 1997, 111 Stat. 2215,
    provided that the amendment made by section 3(b) is effective July
    2, 1996.
      Amendment by Pub. L. 105-102 effective as if included in the
    provisions of the Act to which the amendment relates, see section
    3(f) of Pub. L. 105-102, set out as a note under section 106 of
    this title.
-End-
-CITE-
    49 USC Sec. 30504                                           01/02/2006
-EXPCITE-
    TITLE 49 - TRANSPORTATION
    SUBTITLE VI - MOTOR VEHICLE AND DRIVER PROGRAMS
    PART A - GENERAL
    CHAPTER 305 - NATIONAL MOTOR VEHICLE TITLE INFORMATION SYSTEM
-HEAD-
    Sec. 30504. Reporting requirements
-STATUTE-
      (a) Junk Yard and Salvage Yard Operators. - (1) Beginning at a
    time established by the Attorney General that is not sooner than
    the 3d month before the establishment or designation of the
    National Motor Vehicle Title Information System under section 30502
    of this title, an individual or entity engaged in the business of
    operating a junk yard or salvage yard shall file a monthly report
    with the operator of the System. The report shall contain an
    inventory of all junk automobiles or salvage automobiles obtained
    by the junk yard or salvage yard during the prior month. The
    inventory shall contain - 
        (A) the vehicle identification number of each automobile
      obtained;
        (B) the date on which the automobile was obtained;
        (C) the name of the individual or entity from whom the
      automobile was obtained; and
        (D) a statement of whether the automobile was crushed or
      disposed of for sale or other purposes.
      (2) Paragraph (1) of this subsection does not apply to an
    individual or entity - 
        (A) required by State law to report the acquisition of junk
      automobiles or salvage automobiles to State or local authorities
      if those authorities make that information available to the
      operator; or
        (B) issued a verification under section 33110 of this title
      stating that the automobile or parts from the automobile are not
      reported as stolen.
      (b) Insurance Carriers. - Beginning at a time established by the
    Attorney General that is not sooner than the 3d month before the
    establishment or designation of the System, an individual or entity
    engaged in business as an insurance carrier shall file a monthly
    report with the operator. The report may be filed directly or
    through a designated agent. The report shall contain an inventory
    of all automobiles of the current model year or any of the 4 prior
    model years that the carrier, during the prior month, has obtained
    possession of and has decided are junk automobiles or salvage
    automobiles. The inventory shall contain - 
        (1) the vehicle identification number of each automobile
      obtained;
        (2) the date on which the automobile was obtained;
        (3) the name of the individual or entity from whom the
      automobile was obtained; and
        (4) the name of the owner of the automobile at the time of the
      filing of the report.
      (c) Procedures and Practices. - The Attorney General shall
    establish by regulation procedures and practices to facilitate
    reporting in the least burdensome and costly fashion.
-SOURCE-
    (Pub. L. 103-272, Sec. 1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 982; Pub. L.
    104-152, Secs. 2(c), 3(a), July 2, 1996, 110 Stat. 1384; Pub. L.
    105-102, Sec. 3(b), Nov. 20, 1997, 111 Stat. 2215.)
-MISC1-
                       HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES                   
    --------------------------------------------------------------------
      Revised       Source (U.S. Code)       Source (Statutes at Large) 
      Section                                                           
    --------------------------------------------------------------------
    30504(a)       15:2044(a).             Oct. 25, 1992, Pub. L.       
                                            102-519, Sec. 204(a), (b),  
                                            (d), 106 Stat. 3392, 3393.  
    30504(b)       15:2044(b).                                          
    30504(c)       15:2044(d).                                          
    --------------------------------------------------------------------
      In subsections (a)(1), before clause (A), the words "Beginning at
    a time established by the Secretary of Transportation that is not
    sooner than the 3d month before the establishment or designation
    of" are substituted for "Beginning at a time determined by the
    Secretary, but no earlier than 3 months prior to the establishment
    of" for clarity and consistency with the source provisions restated
    in section 30502 of the revised title. The words "engaged in the
    business" are substituted for "in the business" for consistency in
    the revised chapter. The words "junk yard or salvage yard" are
    substituted for "automobile junk yard or automobile salvage yard"
    because of the definitions of "junk yard" and "salvage yard" in
    section 30501 of the revised title. The words "with the operator of
    the System" are substituted for "with the operator" for clarity. In
    clauses (A), (C), and (D), the words "each automobile" are
    substituted for "each vehicle", and the words "the automobile" are
    substituted for "the vehicle", for consistency in the revised
    title.
      In subsection (a)(2)(B), the word "automobile" is substituted for
    "vehicle" for consistency in the revised title.
      In subsections (b), before clause (1), the words "Beginning at a
    time established by the Secretary that is not sooner than the 3d
    month before the establishment or designation of" are substituted
    for "Beginning at a time determined by the Secretary, but no
    earlier than 3 months prior to the establishment of" for clarity
    and consistency with the source provisions restated in section
    30502 of the revised title. In clauses (1), (3), and (4), the words
    "each automobile" are substituted for "each vehicle", and the words
    "the automobile" are substituted for "the vehicle", for consistency
    in the revised title.
                                AMENDMENTS                            
      1997 - Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 105-102 amended directory language
    of Pub. L. 104-152, Sec. 2(c). See 1996 Amendment note below.
      1996 - Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 104-152, Sec. 3(a), substituted
    "Attorney General" for "Secretary of Transportation".
      Pub. L. 104-152, Sec. 2(c), as amended by Pub. L. 105-102,
    substituted "National Motor Vehicle Title Information System" for
    "National Automobile Title Information System".
      Subsecs. (b), (c). Pub. L. 104-152, Sec. 3(a), substituted
    "Attorney General" for "Secretary".
                     EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1997 AMENDMENT                 
      Pub. L. 105-102, Sec. 3(b), Nov. 20, 1997, 111 Stat. 2215,
    provided that the amendment made by section 3(b) is effective July
    2, 1996.
      Amendment by Pub. L. 105-102 effective as if included in the
    provisions of the Act to which the amendment relates, see section
    3(f) of Pub. L. 105-102, set out as a note under section 106 of
    this title.
-End-
-CITE-
    49 USC Sec. 30505                                           01/02/2006
-EXPCITE-
    TITLE 49 - TRANSPORTATION
    SUBTITLE VI - MOTOR VEHICLE AND DRIVER PROGRAMS
    PART A - GENERAL
    CHAPTER 305 - NATIONAL MOTOR VEHICLE TITLE INFORMATION SYSTEM
-HEAD-
    Sec. 30505. Penalties and enforcement
-STATUTE-
      (a) Penalty. - An individual or entity violating this chapter is
    liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of not
    more than $1,000 for each violation.
      (b) Collection and Compromise. - (1) The Attorney General shall
    impose a civil penalty under this section. The Attorney General
    shall bring a civil action to collect the penalty. The Attorney
    General may compromise the amount of the penalty. In determining
    the amount of the penalty or compromise, the Attorney General shall
    consider the appropriateness of the penalty to the size of the
    business of the individual or entity charged and the gravity of the
    violation.
      (2) The Government may deduct the amount of a civil penalty
    imposed or compromised under this section from amounts it owes the
    individual or entity liable for the penalty.
-SOURCE-
    (Pub. L. 103-272, Sec. 1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 983; Pub. L.
    104-152, Sec. 3(a), July 2, 1996, 110 Stat. 1384.)
-MISC1-
                       HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES                   
    --------------------------------------------------------------------
      Revised       Source (U.S. Code)       Source (Statutes at Large) 
      Section                                                           
    --------------------------------------------------------------------
    30505          15:2044(c).             Oct. 25, 1992, Pub. L.       
                                            102-519, Sec. 204(c), 106   
                                            Stat. 3393.                 
    --------------------------------------------------------------------
      In subsection (a), the words "An individual or entity violating
    this chapter is liable to the United States Government for a civil
    penalty of" are substituted for "Whoever violates this section may
    be assessed a civil penalty of not to exceed" for clarity and
    consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the
    United States Code.
      In subsection (b), the words "individual or entity" are
    substituted for "person" for clarity and consistency with the
    source provisions restated in the revised chapter.
      In subsection (b)(1), the words "The Secretary of Transportation
    shall impose a civil penalty under this section. The Attorney
    General shall bring a civil action to collect the penalty" are
    substituted for "Any such penalty shall be assessed by the
    Secretary and collected in a civil action brought by the Attorney
    General of the United States" for clarity and consistency in the
    revised title and with other titles of the Code.
      In subsection (b)(2), the words "penalty imposed or compromised"
    are substituted for "such penalty, finally determined, or the
    amount agreed upon in compromise", and the words "liable for the
    penalty" are substituted for "charged", for clarity and consistency
    in the revised title and other titles of the Code.
                                AMENDMENTS                            
      1996 - Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 104-152 substituted "Attorney
    General shall impose" for "Secretary of Transportation shall
    impose", "Attorney General may compromise" for "Secretary may
    compromise", and "Attorney General shall consider" for "Secretary
    shall consider".
-End-
-CITE-
    49 USC PART B - COMMERCIAL                                  01/02/2006
-EXPCITE-
    TITLE 49 - TRANSPORTATION
    SUBTITLE VI - MOTOR VEHICLE AND DRIVER PROGRAMS
    PART B - COMMERCIAL
-HEAD-
                            PART B - COMMERCIAL                        
-End-