BEE-spoke-data/govdocs1-by-extension huggingface dataset:
//******************************************************************************
//** SCATMECH: Polarized Light Scattering C++ Class Library
//** 
//** File: onelayer.h
//**
//** Thomas A. Germer
//** Optical Technology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology
//** 100 Bureau Dr. Stop 8443; Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8443
//** Phone: (301) 975-2876; FAX: (301) 975-6991
//** Email: thomas.germer@nist.gov
//**
//** Version: 6.00 (February 2008)
//**
//******************************************************************************
#ifndef SCATMECH_ONELAYER_H
#define SCATMECH_ONELAYER_H

#include "scatmech.h"
#include "local.h"


namespace SCATMECH {



    //
    // OneLayer_BRDF_Model is a BRDF_Model that calculates the scatter 
    // from a very small spherical defect (in the Rayleigh approximation) 
    // in a single dielectric film.
    //
    class OneLayer_BRDF_Model : public Local_BRDF_Model
    {
        public:

            DECLARE_MODEL();
        
            // The radius of the defect...
            DECLARE_PARAMETER(double,radius);
        
            // The optical properties of the defect...
            DECLARE_PARAMETER(dielectric_function,defect);
        
            // The optical properties of the film...
            DECLARE_PARAMETER(dielectric_function,film);
        
            // The thickness of the film...
            DECLARE_PARAMETER(double,tau);
        
            // The depth of the defect in the film
            // (depth is positive and measured from exposed interface)...         
            DECLARE_PARAMETER(double,depth);

        protected:
            // Routine which returns the Jones matrix for scattering...
            JonesMatrix jonesDSC();

    };


} // namespace SCATMECH 


#endif
JEAN   BECOMES   A  WITNESS           95
authority, that had for an instant startled the foremost team at camping-time, was heard, and every little rodent dropped instantly out of sight. Profound silence fell at once upon the little city, which had before been a bedlam of voices.
Jean reached the foot of the ravine and stopped to listen, her heart beating hard. " I am sure Sally made an appointment to meet somebody in this ravine to-night," she said to herself, " and I 'm just as sure she '11 need a friend. Women are such fools where men are concerned." She heard the sound of human voices, and pressed her hand hard over her heart.
" I know you think you 're safe from arrest," said a voice she knew to be Sally O'Dowd's. " As your wife, I may not be able to give legal testimony that will send you to the gallows; but you 're not beyond the pale of lynch law."
A mocking laugh was the only audible response.
" I have n't even told the Squire," resumed the woman's voice. "Nobody knows about it but you and me and the unseen messengers of God."
Again that mocking, brutal laugh, followed by oaths, with words of commingled anger and exultation. Jean held her breath.
" S'posing you could testify,  which you can't, for that divorce is tied up on appeal,  my oath would be as binding as yours, Mrs. O'Dowd. And I would swear to God that it was you did the deed. It would be easy enough to make any court believe my story, for it was common talk that you rebelled all the time against such a litter of babies."
" O God, have mercy! "
" Nobody saw me kill the brat but you, Sally. It would have been bad enough if the young ones had come one at a time, being only a year apart; but when it came to two pairs of twins inside o' thirteen months, it was time to call a halt."
Expires:200808150004;Remove:200808150004;441826
WWUS53 KFGF 142354
SVSFGF
SEVERE WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE EASTERN ND/GRAND FORKS ND
654 PM CDT THU AUG 14 2008

MNC089-NDC099-150004-
/O.EXP.KFGF.SV.W.0192.000000T0000Z-080815T0000Z/
MARSHALL MN-WALSH ND-
654 PM CDT THU AUG 14 2008
...THE SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR NORTHWESTERN MARSHALL AND
NORTHEASTERN WALSH COUNTIES WILL EXPIRE AT 700 PM CDT...
AT 649 PM CDT...NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DOPPLER RADAR INDICATED A
THUNDERSTORM LOCATED 5 MILES SOUTHEAST OF HERRICK...OR 14 MILES EAST
OF GRAFTON...MOVING TO THE NORTHEAST AT 7 MPH.
THE THUNDERSTORM HAS WEAKENED AND WAS NO LONGER CONSIDERED SEVERE. SO
THE WARNING WILL BE ALLOWED TO EXPIRE AT 700 PM CDT. 
LAT...LON 4836 9713 4844 9737 4855 9732 4854 9716
      4854 9715 4854 9699 4854 9698 4854 9694
TIME...MOT...LOC 2354Z 230DEG 6KT 4849 9711
$$
SPEICHER
Salary Table 2002 PIT (LEO)
	INCORPORATING THE 3.60% GENERAL SCHEDULE INCREASE AND A LOCALITY PAYMENT OF 9.52%
                 FOR THE LOCALITY PAY AREA OF PITTSBURGH, PA
		
                                (Net Increase: 4.54%)

                                Effective January 2002

                             Annual Rates by Grade and Step

GS     1          2         3         4         5        6          7        8        9       10

1     16162     16701     17238     17773     18312     18628     19157    19693    19715    20213
2     18172     18602     19204     19715     19934     20520     21106    21692    22277    22863
3     23789     24449     25110     25770     26430     27091     27751    28412    29072    29732
4     26705     27447     28188     28930     29671     30413     31154    31896    32637    33378
5     30713     31543     32373     33203     34033     34864     35694    36524    37354    38184
6     32384     33309     34235     35160     36086     37011     37937    38862    39788    40713
7     34959     35987     37016     38044     39072     40101     41129    42158    43186    44214
8     36438     37577     38716     39855     40994     42133     43272    44411    45550    46689
9     38988     40245     41503     42760     44017     45274     46532    47789    49046    50304
10    42936     44322     45707     47093     48478     49863     51249    52634    54020    55405
11    45652     47174     48695     50216     51737     53258     54780    56301    57822    59343
12    54715     56539     58362     60186     62009     63833     65656    67480    69303    71127
13    65065     67233     69402     71570     73739     75907     78076    80244    82413    84581
14    76889     79451     82014     84577     87140     89702     92265    94828    97391    99953
15    90442     93457     96472     99487     102502    105517    108532   111547   114562   117577


* Includes Special Salary Rates At GS-3 Through GS-10
FPUS65 KSLC 051018
SFPUT 

STATE FORECAST FOR UTAH
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE SALT LAKE CITY UT
415 AM MDT THU JUN 5 2003

UTZ001>011-052300-
STATE FORECAST FOR NORTHERN UTAH
415 AM MDT THU JUN 5 2003

.TODAY...MOSTLY SUNNY. HIGHS IN THE 70S.
.TONIGHT...MOSTLY CLEAR. LOWS FROM THE UPPER 30S TO NEAR 50.
.FRIDAY...PARTLY CLOUDY.  A CHANCE OF AFTERNOON AND EVENING SHOWERS 
AND THUNDERSTORMS EASTERN MOUNTAINS. HIGHS IN THE MID 70S TO MID 80S.

.EXTENDED FORECAST...
.SATURDAY...PARTLY CLOUDY. LOWS IN THE UPPER 30S AND 40S.  HIGHS IN 
THE MID 60S TO MID 70S.
.SUNDAY...MOSTLY CLEAR.  LOWS IN THE 30S TO MID 40S. HIGHS IN THE  
70S AND LOWER 80S.
.MONDAY...A CHANCE OF THUNDERSTORMS.  LOWS IN THE UPPER 30S TO MID 
50S. HIGHS IN THE 70S TO MID 80S.

$$

UTZ012>021-052300-
STATE FORECAST FOR SOUTHERN UTAH
415 AM MDT THU JUN 5 2003

.TODAY...SUNNY. HIGHS IN THE MID 80S TO NEAR 100.
.TONIGHT...CLEAR.  LOWS IN THE MID 40S TO LOWER 60S EXCEPT 70-75 IN 
DIXIE.
.FRIDAY...PARTLY CLOUDY. A SLIGHT CHANCE OF THUNDERSTORMS NEAR THE 
ARIZONA BORDER. HIGHS IN THE MID 80S TO NEAR 100.

.EXTENDED FORECAST...
.SATURDAY...PARTLY CLOUDY.  LOWS IN THE 40S AND 50S...NEAR 70 IN
DIXIE.  HIGHS IN THE 80S TO MID 90S.
.SUNDAY...A CHANCE OF THUNDERSTORMS. LOWS IN THE UPPER 30S TO NEAR 
50 EXCEPT UPPER 50S AND 60S EXTREME SOUTH. HIGHS FROM THE MID 80S TO 
NEAR 100. 
.MONDAY...A CHANCE OF SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS. LOWS IN THE 40S TO 
MID 50S EXCEPT NEAR 70 IN DIXIE.  HIGHS IN THE MID 80S TO NEAR 100.

$$

UTZ022>025-027>029-052300-
STATE FORECAST FOR EXTREME EASTERN UTAH
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GRAND JUNCTION CO
415 AM MDT THU JUN 5 2003

.TODAY...PARTLY CLOUDY WITH ISOLATED MOUNTAIN THUNDERSTORMS. HIGHS 
75 TO 90...EXCEPT 65 TO 80 MOUNTAINS.
.TONIGHT...CLEAR. LOWS 40 TO 55...EXCEPT 30S MOUNTAINS.
.FRIDAY...MOSTLY CLOUDY NORTHERN MOUNTAINS WITH A SLIGHT CHANCE
OF THUNDERSTORMS. PARTLY CLOUDY ELSEWHERE. HIGHS 65 TO 80...
EXCEPT 70S MOUNTAINS.

.EXTENDED FORECAST...
.SATURDAY...MOSTLY CLOUDY NORTHERN MOUNTAINS WITH A CHANCE OF
THUNDERSTORMS. PARTLY CLOUDY ELSEWHERE. LOWS 50 TO 60...EXCEPT 35 TO
50 MOUNTAINS. HIGHS IN THE 80S...EXCEPT 70S MOUNTAINS.
.SUNDAY...PARTLY CLOUDY WITH A SLIGHT CHANCE OF THUNDERSTORMS OVER
THE CENTRAL MOUNTAINS. LOWS 50 TO 60...EXCEPT 40 TO 50 MOUNTAINS.
HIGHS IN THE 80S TO MID 90S...EXCEPT LOWER 70S TO LOWER 80S
MOUNTAINS.
.MONDAY...PARTLY CLOUDY. LOWS 50 TO 60...EXCEPT 40 TO 50 MOUNTAINS.
HIGHS IN THE 80S TO MID 90S...EXCEPT LOWER 70S TO LOWER 80S
MOUNTAINS.

$$
THE HAMMER-LOCK
iiands sluggishly. his ribs seemed broken, his back was weak, and on the inner side of his legs the flesh was quivering. As they came together the boss reached up his right hand and caught the miner by the face, burying thumb and fingers crablike into his cheeks, forcing his slack jaws apart, thrusting his head backward, while he centred every ounce of his strength in the effort to maim. Roy felt the flesh giving way and flung himself backward to break the hold, whereupon the other summoned his wasting energy and plunged towards the safe, where lay the revolver. Instinct warned Glenister of treachery, told him that the man had sought this last resource to save himself, and as he saw him turn his back and reach for the weapon, the youth leaped like a panther, seizing him about the waist, grasping McNamara's wrist with his right hand. For the first time during the combat they were not face to face, and on the instant Roy realized the advantage given him through the other's perfidy, realized the wrestler's hold that was his, and knew that the moment of victory was come.
The telling takes much time, but so quickly had these things happened that the footsteps of the soldiers had not yet reached the door when the men were locked beside the safe.
Of what happened next many garbled accounts have gone forth, for of all those present, none but the Bronco Kid knew its significance and ever recounted the truth concerning it. Some claim that the younger man was seized with a fear of death which multiplied his enormous strength, others that the power died in his adversary as reward for his treason; but it was not so.
No sooner had Roy encompassed McNamara's waist 297
QUESTION:
Are there any geomorphically-suitable areas on Mars for habitation?

ANSWER from Mike Mellon on March 28, 2000:
Two important criteria for habitation on Mars would be shelter and resources.
Depending on the radiation environment and climate conditions, we would
want to build a colony in a protected area. Martian winds are relatively 
light due to the thin atmosphere. The thin atmosphere may not limit radiation
from space as our own atmosphere does, though it may not be necessary to 
bury a shelter beneath a soil layer, as it might be on the moon. A colony 
built too close to the poles would experience winter temperatures as low 
as -120 C. Heating may be a problem, as well as sunlight for energy 
in the long polar night.

Water and oxygen would be critical resources for a Mars colony. Water 
might be found as vapor in the thin atmosphere. More abundant water could
be found as ice frozen in the soil at mid latitudes or further poleward. 
Ground water may be too deep to be easily accessed. Building a colony 
near a source of water would be necessary. In addition, water could
be used to produce oxygen. A byproduct, hydrogen, could also be used
as a fuel. 

Geomorphology would be an indicator of the geologic environment in
which to build a colony. A bedrock surface would probably not contain
any significant amounts of water. A relatively thick soil surface 
would be a better choice. Probably most of Mars is covered by an 
adequately thick soil surface.
Nov. 10, 2008

Katherine Trinidad 
Headquarters, Washington 
202-358-0602 
katherine.trinidad@nasa.gov 

Jeanne Ryba 
Kennedy Space Center, Fla. 
321-867-2468 
jeanne.m.ryba@nasa.gov 

MEDIA ADVISORY: M08-228

NASA ANNOUNCES SPACE SHUTTLE PRELAUNCH AND MISSION WEB COVERAGE

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. -- A prelaunch webcast, live blogs, podcasts, 
pictures and videos will highlight NASA's Web coverage of space 
shuttle Endeavour's STS-126 mission to the International Space 
Station. Endeavour is scheduled to lift off Friday, Nov. 14, at 7:55 
p.m. EST. NASA will provide continuous online updates at: 

http://www.nasa.gov/shuttle 

A webcast Nov. 13 at 11:30 a.m. will start the in-depth online 
coverage of the mission. Host Damon Talley of NASA's Digital Learning 
Network will preview the mission, and Endeavour Flow Director Ken 
Tenbusch will take viewers behind the scenes at America's spaceport 
as he explains the high-stakes work of preparing a shuttle for a 
mission in space. 

A blog will provide launch countdown updates beginning at 2:30 p.m. on 
Nov. 14. Originating from NASA's Kennedy Space Center, the blog is 
the definitive Internet source for information leading up to launch. 

During Endeavour's 15-day mission, the shuttle's seven crew members 
will deliver supplies and equipment necessary to double the station 
crew size from three to six members and will make four spacewalks to 
service the station's two Solar Alpha Rotary Joints, which allow its 
solar arrays to track the sun. 

Visitors to NASA's shuttle Web site can read about the crew's progress 
and watch the spacewalks live. As Endeavour's flight wraps up, NASA 
will offer a blog detailing the spacecraft's return to Earth. 

	
-end-
82                   GOUVERNEUR MORRIS,
they feared its very use ; they were anxious to
assert their independence of all mankind, even
of each other. Stubborn, honest, and fearless,
they were taught with difficulty, and only by
the grinding logic of an imperious necessity,
that it "was no surrender of their freedom to
submit to rulers chosen by themselves, through
whom alone that freedom could be won. They
had not yet learned that right could be en-
forced only by might, that union was to the
full as important as liberty, because it was the
prerequisite condition for the establishment
and preservation of liberty.
But if the Americans of the Revolution were
not perfect, how their faults dwindle when we
stand them side by side with their European
compeers ! What European nation then brought
forth rulers as wise and pure as our statesmen,
or masses as free and self-respecting as our
people ? There was far more swindling, jobbing,
cheating, and stealing in the English army than
in ours; the British king and his ministers
need no criticism ; and the outcome of the war
proves that their nation as a whole was less
resolute than our own. As for the other Euro-
pean powers, the faults of our leaders sink out
of sight when matched against the ferocious
frivolity of the French noblesse, or the ignoble,
sordid, bloody baseness of those swinish German
{CaptionsBy}    Sherikon Space Systems

{LastEditor}    KSC Archive to NIX conversion program

{ScannedBy}     Bionetics Photo Lab

{acquireddate}  22-Apr-1990

{author}        National Aeronautics and Space Administration

{date}          22-Apr-1990

{description}   Center Director Forrest S. McCartney [LEFT] presents a plaque to
                Charles E. Harrington [right], LSOC Supervisor of Crawler-
                Transporters, and Richard H. Beck, LSOC Mechanical Engineer,
                commemorating the 1,000th mile logged by Crawler-Transporter No.
                2.

{highres}       2290 x 1808

{highsize}      1008380

{hightype}      JPEG

{keywords}      COMMEMORATION,CRAWLER-TRANSPORTER  NO. 2,1,000 MILES,CEREMONIES

{lowres}        304 x 240

{lowsize}       104022

{lowtype}       GIF

{mediumres}     973 x 768

{mediumsize}    116302

{mediumtype}    JPEG

{names}         MCCARTNEY, FORREST S.;HARRINGTON, CHARLES E.;BECK, RICHARD H.

{number}        KSC-90PC-0955

{orientation}   horizontal

{othernumbers}  KSC-90PC-955, P-19911, ARCHIVE-03968

{place}         1000 MILE MARKER, CRAWLERWAY

{slideres}      163 x 156

{slidesize}     36628

{slidetype}     GIF

{tinyres}       100 x 79

{tinysize}      11947

{tinytype}      GIF

{title}         CRAWLER-TRANSPORTER NO. 2 1000TH MILE COMMEMORATION

{type}          Image

{view}          exterior

{end}
000
FLUS44 KEPZ 281248
HWOEPZ

HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE EL PASO TX/SANTA TERESA NM
548 AM MST SAT JAN 28 2006

NMZ022>025-030>032-TXZ055-056-291300-
SOUTHWEST MOUNTAINS/LOWER GILA REGION-SIERRA COUNTY LAKES REGION-
TULAROSA BASIN/SOUTHERN DESERT-SOUTHERN SACRAMENTO MOUNTAINS-
SOUTHWEST DESERT/BOOTHEEL-SOUTHWEST DESERT/MIMBRES BASIN-
SOUTHERN DESERT-EL PASO-HUDSPETH-
548 AM MST SAT JAN 28 2006

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR PORTIONS OF SOUTH CENTRAL
NEW MEXICO...SOUTHWEST NEW MEXICO AND SOUTHWEST TEXAS.

.DAY ONE...TODAY AND TONIGHT

NO HAZARDOUS WEATHER IS EXPECTED AT THIS TIME.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...SUNDAY THROUGH FRIDAY

NO HAZARDOUS WEATHER IS EXPECTED AT THIS TIME.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

SPOTTER ACTIVATION WILL NOT BE NEEDED.

$$
000
WHUS42 KTBW 110301
CFWTBW

COASTAL HAZARD MESSAGE
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TAMPA BAY AREA RUSKIN FL
1101 PM EDT SUN JUL 10 2005

FLZ049-050-055-111500-
/X.EXB.KTBW.SU.Y.0001.000000T0000Z-050711T1500Z/
PASCO-PINELLAS-MANATEE-
1101 PM EDT SUN JUL 10 2005

...HIGH SURF ADVISORY IN EFFECT UNTIL 11 AM EDT MONDAY...

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN RUSKIN HAS ISSUED A HIGH SURF
ADVISORY...WHICH IS IN EFFECT UNTIL 11 AM EDT MONDAY. 

RESIDUAL WAVE ENERGY FROM DENNIS IMPACTING THE BEACHES WILL
RESULT IN ROUGH SURF...LARGE BREAKING WAVES...RIP CURRENTS...AND
STRONG UNDERTOW. PEOPLE IN THE ADVISORY AREA ARE URGED TO REMAIN
OUT OF THE WATER THE REMAINDER OF TONIGHT AND THROUGH EARLY
MONDAY MORNING.

$$

FLZ060-062-065-111500-
/X.EXT.KTBW.SU.Y.0001.000000T0000Z-050711T1500Z/
SARASOTA-CHARLOTTE-LEE-
1101 PM EDT SUN JUL 10 2005

...HIGH SURF ADVISORY EXTENDED UNTIL 11 AM EDT MONDAY...

THE HIGH SURF ADVISORY HAS BEEN EXTENDED UNTIL 11 AM EDT MONDAY. 

RESIDUAL WAVE ENERGY FROM DENNIS IMPACTING THE BEACHES WILL
RESULT IN ROUGH SURF...LARGE BREAKING WAVES...RIP CURRENTS...AND
STRONG UNDERTOW. PEOPLE IN THE ADVISORY AREA ARE URGED TO REMAIN
OUT OF THE WATER THE REMAINDER OF TONIGHT AND THROUGH EARLY MONDAY
MORNING.


$$

JCM
USGS Open-File Report 03-230
Date: 17 June 2003


Explanation of data files

This directory contains gridded data files for
the following depth horizons:

1. NStopo = topography/bathymetry
2. NSLCU = lower Cretaceous unconformity
3. NSshublik = top of Shublik
4. NSbasement = top of pre-Carboniferous basement

There are also gridded data files for the following
isopachs:

1. NStopo-LCU = Brookian interval
2. NSLCu-Shublik = Beaufortian interval
3. NSshublik-basement = Ellesmerian interval
4. NStopo-basement = total sedimentary section thickness

The following data formats are used:

*.gxf, *.gxf.gi = Geosoft grid exchange format (see format description below)

*.dat, *.dat.gi = ZMAP grid format (see format description below)

*.xyz = ASCII xyz point format (see format description below)

*.e00 = Arc/Info export format (see format description below)

*.tif, *.tfw = Arc Geotiff image format (see format description below)

----------------

Data format descriptions

These format descriptions are provided for convenience of the user,
but are not exhaustive descriptions of these formats.  The user should
check with the companies that maintain these formats for more authoritative
and complete documentation.

1. Geosoft grid exchange format (Geosoft, Inc., Toronto, Canada)

A GXF file is an ASCII file made up of a number of labeled data objects
and comments.  Each labeled data object has a label line followed by
one or more data lines.  A label line is identified by a "#" character
in the first column followed immediately by an upper-case label.
The data associated with that label are found on one or more lines
that follow the label.

The complete description of this format is available online at:
http://www.geosoft.com/support/technote/pdf/gxfr3d9_1.pdf

2. ZMAP grid format (Landmark, Houston, Texas)

This is a commonly used format in the seismic processing community.

3. ASCII XYZ point format

This is an ASCII format containing one data point per line.
The first 8 lines of the file are header records starting with
the character "/".
The data lines each contain 5 values: X location (in projected meters)
of the data point; Y location (projected meters) of the data point,
Z depth (meters) of the horizon, LON (degrees, NAD27), and LAT (degrees,
NAD 27).

The data lines could be read with the following FORTRAN read format,
(f11.0,x,f10.0,x,f10.0,x,f11.5,x,f10.5)

4. Arc/Info export format (ESRI, San Diego, California)

This format is readable by Arc/Info and Arc GIS programs and contains
the full floating point grids.

5. Arc Geotiff (ESRI, San Diego, California)

This is an image format readable by many graphic display programs
including the ESRI GIS software.  The *.tfw file provides georeferencing
information to GIS software.
A HIERARCHICAL SPATIAL COUNT MODEL WITH APPLICATION TO IMPERILED GRASSLAND 
BIRDS.
Wayne E. Thogmartin1, John R. Sauer2, and Melinda G. Knutson1
1Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, U.S. Geological Survey, La Crosse, 
WI, U.S.A.; 2 USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, MD, U.S.A.
2603 Fanta Reed Road, La Crosse, WI 54603, U.S.A.

We utilized a Markov Chain Monte Carlo approach to spatially predict abundance 
of 5 rare grassland birds (Bobolink, Grasshopper Sparrow, Sedge Wren, Upland 
Sandpiper, Henslows Sparrow) in the upper midwestern US.  Twenty-one years of 
North American Breeding Bird Survey counts were modeled as a hierarchical 
loglinear function of explanatory variables describing habitat, spatial 
relatedness between route counts, year effects, and nuisance effects associated 
with differences in observers.  The model included a conditional autoregressive 
term representing the correlation between adjacent routes.  Explanatory habitat 
variables in the model included land cover composition and configuration, 
climate, terrain physiognomy, and human influence.  The model hierarchy was due 
to differences in route counts between observers over time.  We fitted this 
model with WinBUGS.  Preliminary evaluation of the models based on independent 
data suggested generally good agreement with model predictions.  Discrepancies 
between evaluation data and model predictions were due, in some unknown measure, 
to insertion of errors when translating the statistical model into a mapped 
model.   

Keywords: MCMC, overdispersed Poisson regression, spatially-correlated counts, 
species-habitat models
2I4	THE YUKON TERRITORY.
it was an unusually late season. Few small birds were seen, and no butterflies as yet. The birch, poplar, and willow had only be-gun to unfold their leaves, while on the north slope of the hills snow still rested.
Saturday, 6th.  We started early, and pulled against the same strong wind. We landed at a village which was quite deserted, the inhabitants being away after beaver. The facility in carving, shown by the Ingaliks of the Lower Yukon, was well displayed here. Paddles, dishes, and other articles lay scattered about where the owners had left them. The winter houses were half full of water, and the Indians had evidently been living for some time in three large summer houses. Among other things lying about, I noticed a large scoop or shovel shaped like a table-spoon, but seven feet long. It was carved out of one piece of wood, and ornamented with designs in red chalk and charcoal. It was of very graceful shape, and had evidently been used for throwing cut the ice from the aperture through which the fish-traps are raised in winter. I noticed a small bowl prettily carved, with two ears or handles. A long stick, to which a block of wood is attached at one end, is used, with the bowl referred to, for grinding up tobacco into snuff. My Indians were anxious to appropriate some of these articles, but I would not allow them to do so in the absence of the owners. The paddles, many of which were seen, were curiously painted with green, red, and black, and were smaller and more pointed than those in use farther up the river. The paddles decrease in size as we go down the river ; those at the Yukon-mouth are very small and narrow indeed. We passed a very small waterfall during the day, the first I had seen on the river.
On a small island we saw the first Indians. There were only three or four, and they were much alarmed when they first saw us. We landed, and found that they were making fish-traps. They had nothing to sell except some eggs, and a few ukali, which I bought for the dog. After making them a present of a few leaves of tobacco, we pushed off and continued down the river.
The boat was ill stowed, and a good deal of mud had gathered in her bottom from our feet, so I determined to camp early, turn her over, and wash her thoroughly, after taking out the goods.
-CITE-
    26 USC CHAPTER 46 - GOLDEN PARACHUTE PAYMENTS               01/03/2007

-EXPCITE-
    TITLE 26 - INTERNAL REVENUE CODE
    Subtitle D - Miscellaneous Excise Taxes
    CHAPTER 46 - GOLDEN PARACHUTE PAYMENTS

-HEAD-
                  CHAPTER 46 - GOLDEN PARACHUTE PAYMENTS              

-MISC1-
    Sec.                                                     
    4999.       Golden parachute payments.                            

-End-



-CITE-
    26 USC Sec. 4999                                            01/03/2007

-EXPCITE-
    TITLE 26 - INTERNAL REVENUE CODE
    Subtitle D - Miscellaneous Excise Taxes
    CHAPTER 46 - GOLDEN PARACHUTE PAYMENTS

-HEAD-
    Sec. 4999. Golden parachute payments

-STATUTE-
    (a) Imposition of tax
      There is hereby imposed on any person who receives an excess
    parachute payment a tax equal to 20 percent of the amount of such
    payment.
    (b) Excess parachute payment defined
      For purposes of this section, the term "excess parachute payment"
    has the meaning given to such term by section 280G(b).
    (c) Administrative provisions
      (1) Withholding
        In the case of any excess parachute payment which is wages
      (within the meaning of section 3401) the amount deducted and
      withheld under section 3402 shall be increased by the amount of
      the tax imposed by this section on such payment.
      (2) Other administrative provisions
        For purposes of subtitle F, any tax imposed by this section
      shall be treated as a tax imposed by subtitle A.

-SOURCE-
    (Added Pub. L. 98-369, div. A, title I, Sec. 67(b)(1), July 18,
    1984, 98 Stat. 587.)


-MISC1-
                              EFFECTIVE DATE                          
      Section applicable to payments under agreements entered into or
    renewed after June 14, 1984, in taxable years ending after such
    date, with contracts entered into before June 15, 1984, which are
    amended after June 14, 1984, in any significant relevant aspect to
    be treated as a contract entered into after June 14, 1984, see
    section 67(e) of Pub. L. 98-369, set out as a note under section
    280G of this title.

-End-
FXAK68 PAFC 111309
AFDAFC

AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
SOUTHCENTRAL AND SOUTHWEST ALASKA
500 AM ADT SAT AUG 11 2007

.MODEL DISCUSSION...
MODELS FINALLY GETTING A GRASP ON THE SITUATION. FAIRLY GOOD
AGREEMENT AMONGST THE MODELS. THE 00Z RUN OF THE GFS CORRELATES
NICELY WITH ENSEMBLES FROM PREVIOUS RUNS...AND TRANSITIONS NICELY
INTO THE CLIMATE PREDICTION CENTER (CPC) 6 TO 10 DAY OUTLOOK. 

.ANALYSIS AND UPPER LEVELS...
OUTRAGEOUSLY WARM AIR ALOFT EVIDENT ON THE COLD BAY SOUNDING THIS
MORNING...WITH 67 DEGREES AT 2500 FEET. STRONG "TROPICAL" LOOKING
INVERSION NEAR THE SURFACE KEEPING LAND TEMPERATURES DOWN...EXCEPT
DUTCH HARBOR HAS BEEN IN THE UPPER 60S MOST OF THE NIGHT. 

THERE IS A DEEP UPPER LOW ALONG 170 EAST LONGITUDE AND ANOTHER LOW
DEVELOPING OFF THE BRITISH COLUMBIA COAST. AXIS OF A STRONG RIDGE
WITH IMPRESSIVELY HIGH 500 MB HEIGHTS (590 DM TO 55 NORTH LATITUDE!)
IS ALONG ABOUT 160 WEST...AND IS ESSENTIALLY FULL LATITUDE (FROM THE
TROPICS TO THE NORTH POLE). THE JET STREAM IS PUSHING NORTH AROUND
THE DATE LINE AND THEN SPLITS ALONG THE WEST COAST OF ALASKA...WITH
THE NORTHERN BRANCH HEADING TOWARD THE NORTH POLE...AND THE SOUTHERN
BRANCH SQUEEZING THROUGH THE RIDGE AND DROPPING SOUTHEAST TOWARD
WASHINGTON STATE. 

ALSO OF NOTE...NOCTILUCENT CLOUDS WERE VISIBLE FOR SEVERAL HOURS 
FROM ANCHORAGE AND MCGRATH...AND PROBABLY MANY POINTS IN BETWEEN.
THESE ARE CLOUDS THAT ARE 85 KM ABOVE THE EARTHS SURFACE. THEY ARE
OCCASIONALLY VISIBLE THIS TIME OF YEAR AS THE SKY IS SOMEWHAT DARK
AND THE SUN ANGLE IS SUCH THAT IT SHINES ON THE CLOUDS. THEY APPEAR
BRIGHT BLUE (TYPICALLY). 

.SHORT TERM FORECAST...
AS MENTIONED ABOVE...VERY WARM AIR BEING BROUGHT IN WITH ALMOST
STRAIT SOUTHERLY FLOW. TEMPERATURES IN THE 60S TO POSSIBLY LOWER 70S
IN THE EASTERN ALEUTIANS AND AKPEN TODAY AND SUNDAY. RAIN WILL 
SPREAD EASTWARD ACROSS SOUTHWEST ALASKA TODAY AND TONIGHT...WITH DRY
CONDITIONS IN SOUTH CENTRAL UNDER BUILDING 500 MB HEIGHTS. 

ON SUNDAY AND SUNDAY NIGHT A WEAK SYSTEM WILL TRY TO CROSS THE RIDGE
INTO SOUTH CENTRAL ALASKA BRINGING SOME PRECIPITATION...BUT WILL
BREAK APART AS IT CROSSES THE AREA AND 500 MB HEIGHTS CONTINUE TO
INCREASE. 

.LONG TERM FORECAST...
ON TUESDAY AND WEDNESDAY THE LOW THAT CURRENTLY IS WEST OF THE DATE
LINE WILL UPROOT AND CROSS SOUTHERN ALASKA FOR ANOTHER ROUND OF
PRECIPITATION. AS THIS LOW PUSHES OVER THE RIDGE AND THEN DROPS DOWN
INTO THE TROUGH OFF THE WASHINGTON COAST THURSDAY AND FRIDAY...THE
RIDGE WILL RETROGRADE TO ABOUT 170 WEST LONGITUDE. CONDITIONS WILL
THEN DRY OUT OVER ALASKA BY NEXT WEEKEND. 

.AER/ALU...WATCH/WARNING SUMMARY
PUBLIC...NONE. 
MARINE...GALE WARNING 170 172 179. 
FIRE WEATHER...NONE. 

LUDWIG AUG 07
"By the United States in Congress assembled. August 8, 1786 : On a report of the Board of Treasury : resolved, that the standard of the United States of America, for gold and silver, shall be eleven parts fine and one part alloy ...","","19801","0001.gif","1","1","","0001.jpg|0001.tif"
"By the United States in Congress assembled. August 8, 1786 : On a report of the Board of Treasury : resolved, that the standard of the United States of America, for gold and silver, shall be eleven parts fine and one part alloy ...","","19801","0002.gif","2","2","","0002.jpg|0002.tif"
"By the United States in Congress assembled. August 8, 1786 : On a report of the Board of Treasury : resolved, that the standard of the United States of America, for gold and silver, shall be eleven parts fine and one part alloy ...","","19801","0003.gif","3","3","","0003.jpg|0003.tif"
"By the United States in Congress assembled. August 8, 1786 : On a report of the Board of Treasury : resolved, that the standard of the United States of America, for gold and silver, shall be eleven parts fine and one part alloy ...","","19801","0004.gif","4","4","","0004.jpg|0004.tif"
000
WGUS84 KTSA 100118
FLSTSA
FLOOD STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
818 PM CDT MON JUN 09 2008


...THE FLOOD WARNING IS CANCELLED FOR THE FOLLOWING RIVERS IN 
OKLAHOMA...
 
  ILLINOIS RIVER NEAR WATTS AFFECTING ADAIR COUNTY. 
  
  ILLINOIS RIVER NEAR TAHLEQUAH AFFECTING CHEROKEE COUNTY. 
  
OKC001-100148-
/O.CAN.KTSA.FL.W.0100.000000T0000Z-080611T0600Z/
/WTTO2.N.ER.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.NO/
818 PM CDT MON JUN 09 2008

THE FLOOD WARNING IS CANCELLED FOR
  THE ILLINOIS RIVER NEAR WATTS.
* AT  700 PM MONDAY THE STAGE WAS  3.98 FEET. 
* FLOOD STAGE IS 13.0 FEET. 
* FORECAST...THE ILLINOIS RIVER NEAR WATTS WILL CREST BELOW FLOOD 
  STAGE AT 6.8 FEET EARLY TUESDAY AFTERNOON.


$$

OKC021-100148-
/O.CAN.KTSA.FL.W.0101.000000T0000Z-080610T1800Z/
/TALO2.N.ER.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.NO/
818 PM CDT MON JUN 09 2008

THE FLOOD WARNING IS CANCELLED FOR
  THE ILLINOIS RIVER NEAR TAHLEQUAH.
* AT  700 PM MONDAY THE STAGE WAS  6.65 FEET. 
* FLOOD STAGE IS 11.0 FEET. 
* FORECAST...THE ILLINOIS RIVER NEAR TAHLEQUAH WILL CREST BELOW FLOOD
  STAGE AT 9.5 FEET EARLY TUESDAY AFTERNOON.
* IMPACT...AT 9.0 FEET...NO FLOODING BUT ALL RECREATIONAL FLOATING 
  ALONG THE ILLINOIS RIVER CEASES AT 9.5 FEET.

$$
#
# ChangeLog for /cdat/tags/CDAT-4.3.0.RC3/Scripts/vcs_icon.xbm 
# 
# Generated by Trac 0.10.5
# 02/23/09 14:55:03
#


09/10/07 10:01:38 doutriaux1 [6101]
	* cdat/tags/CDAT-4.3.0.RC3 (copied)
	Tagging Release Candidate 3 for 4.3.0

08/08/05 03:37:46 doutriau [2963]
	* cdat/trunk/Packages/cdutil/Lib/vertical.py (modified)
	* cdat/trunk/Packages/genutil/Lib/statistics.py (modified)
	* cdat/trunk/Packages/vcs/Lib/install_vcs.py (modified)
	* cdat/trunk/Scripts/vcs_icon.xbm (modified)
	* cdat/trunk/contrib/MSU (added)
	* cdat/trunk/contrib/MSU/Data (added)
	* cdat/trunk/contrib/MSU/Data/ta.nc (added)
	* cdat/trunk/contrib/MSU/Data/tam2.nc (added)
	* cdat/trunk/contrib/MSU/Data/weights.nc (added)
	* cdat/trunk/contrib/MSU/Doc (added)
	* cdat/trunk/contrib/MSU/Doc/example.py (added)
	* cdat/trunk/contrib/MSU/Lib (added)
	* cdat/trunk/contrib/MSU/Lib/MSU.py (added)
	* cdat/trunk/contrib/MSU/Makefile (added)
	* cdat/trunk/contrib/MSU/Src (added)
	* cdat/trunk/contrib/MSU/Src/eqmsu.pyf (added)
	* cdat/trunk/contrib/MSU/Src/msuweight.f (added)
	* cdat/trunk/contrib/MSU/Test (added)
	* cdat/trunk/contrib/MSU/Test/test.py (added)
	* cdat/trunk/contrib/MSU/msu.pfp (added)
	* cdat/trunk/contrib/SciPy (added)
	* cdat/trunk/contrib/SciPy/Scipy_core-0.3.2.tar.gz (added)
	* cdat/trunk/contrib/SciPy/install_script (added)
	* cdat/trunk/contrib/pyIoapi (added)
	* cdat/trunk/contrib/pyIoapi/install_script (added)
	* cdat/trunk/contrib/pyIoapi/pyIoapi-20050506.tar.gz (added)
	* cdat/trunk/exsrc/install_script (modified)
	* cdat/trunk/exsrc/netcdf_fortran.sh (modified)
	* cdat/trunk/exsrc/src/ioapi-3.0.tar.gz (modified)
	* cdat/trunk/installation/contrib.py (modified)
	* cdat/trunk/installation/install.py (modified)
	* cdat/trunk/pysrc/src/Python-2.4.1.tar.gz (added)
	* cdat/trunk/pysrc/src/Python-2.4.tar.gz (deleted)
	* cdat/trunk/pysrc/src/setup.py (modified)
	ben's MSU thing
	pyIoapy
	       finally cleanedup the tolerance thing from Met. Office, it was
	such a complicated code for something that really
	fits on 1 line....
Reproductive Life Cycle of Mussels

The cycle begins when a male mussel releases sperm into the aquatic habitat.
The sperm enter the female mussle as she siphons water over her gills. 
The female's eggs are fertilized and develop within her gills for several weeks.
They will emerge as larvae know as glochidia.

The glochida develop as parasites on the gill tissues of certain fishes.
The female of some mussel species will attempt to attract preferred fish with a specialized lure.
This improves the chances that the larvae will successfully latch onto a suitable host and continuue development.

Upon finding a suitable host, a glochidium will clamp down on the fish's gill tissue which then provides food for the developing parasite.
using a highly mobile host species such as fish enables the relatively sedentary mussels to populate habitats they otherwise could not reach.

Within a few weeks the larval glochidia will transform into a juvenile mussel and drop from the host fish.
If the tiny mussel falls onto an appropriate substrate it will continue to develop toward adulthood.
<maurerMittelmann>
<exampleName>Maurer-Mittelmann</exampleName>
<category>nco</category>
<solver>Ipopt</solver>
<inputMethod>AMPL</inputMethod>
<comments>
# this is example 1 from
# H. Maurer and H. D. Mittelmann, Optimization Techniques for Solving Elliptic
# Control Problems with Control and State Constraints. 
# Part 2: Distributed Control, Comp. Optim. Applic. 18, 141-160 (2001).
</comments>

<model><![CDATA[
param n := 59;
param h := 1/(n+1);
param h2 := h^2;
param n2 := n^2;
param n4 := n*4;
param a := 0.001;

param z{i in 1..n, j in 1..n} := 1 + 2 * (i*h*(i*h-1)+j*h*(j*h-1));

set P := {i in 1..n2, j in 1..n2: i == j || j = i + n || i = j + n ||
            i = j - 1 && i mod n <> 0|| i = j + 1 && j mod n <> 0};
	       
param A{(i,j) in P} := if i == j then 4 else -1;

var x{i in 1..n2} := 3;
var u{i in 1..n2};

minimize f:.5*h2*sum{i in 1..n, j in 1..n} (x[(i-1)*n+j]-z[i,j])^2 +
	   a*.5*h2*sum{i in 1..n, j in 1..n} u[(i-1)*n+j]^2;

s.t. pde{i in 1..n2}: 
sum{(i,j) in P} A[i,j]*x[j]-h2*(x[i] - x[i]^3 + u[i]) == 0;

s.t. lbndx{i in 1..n2}: u[i] >= 1.5;
s.t. ubndx{i in 1..n2}: u[i] <= 4.5;

s.t. lbndy{i in 1..n2}: x[i] >= 0;
s.t. ubndy{i in 1..n2}: x[i] <= .185;
]]></model>

<commands>

solve;
display weight;

</commands>
</maurerMittelmann>
IX-5

         The major procedures used for evaluation in the SMART system

are described elsewhere. [3,43    They are the recall-precision curve, and

four global measures:  rank recall, log precision, normalized recall, and

normalized precision.  The measures vary from 0 to 1, with 0 representing

the worst possible performance and 1 representing perfect performance.

These measures all reflect both recall and precision, requiring both

perfect recall and perfect precision to produce a measure of 1, but the

rank recall and normalized recall measures both reflect recall more than pre-

cision, while the log and normalized precision reflect precision more

strongly than recall.  The "quasi-Cleverdon" recall-precision curves shown

here are averaged recall-precision curves over the set of 42 requests.

3.   Results

         Table 1 shows the distribution of association pairs as a function

of word frequency, with a cosine correlation at a cutoff of .6.   It is

seen that the largest number of correlations occur for words of very low

frequency, frequencies 1 and 2.    With the correlation measure used, it is

very easy for low frequency words to co-occur significantly, since, if two

words of frequency 1 occur in the same document they will always have a

correlation of 1.0.  With a collection size of 200 documents, in which

1179 words occur only once, one may expect over 7000 correlations above

cutoff of words of frequency 1 with other words of frequency 1 purely on

a random basis.  If the words of frequency 2 are also considered, the total

number of random correlations above .6 would be expected to be about 12000.

It is clear therefore that the 18000 correlations observed do not actually
73 FR 43913, July 29, 2008

DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

International Trade Administration

A-570-932

 
Postponement of Preliminary Determination of Antidumping Duty 
Investigation: Steel Threaded Rod from the People's Republic of China

AGENCY: Import Administration, International Trade Administration, 
Department of Commerce.

EFFECTIVE DATE: July 29, 2008.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Bobby Wong or Toni Dach AD/CVD 
Operations, Office 9, Import Administration, International Trade 
Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce, 14th Street and 
Constitution Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20230; telephone: (202) 482-
0409 and (202) 482-1655, respectively.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Postponement of Preliminary Determination

    On April 1, 2008, the Department of Commerce (the Department) 
published in the Federal Register the initiation of the antidumping 
investigation on steel threaded rod from the People's Republic of China 
(PRC). See Steel Threaded Rod from the People's Republic of China: 
Initiation of Antidumping Duty Investigation, 73 FR 17318 (April 1, 
2008) (Initiation Notice).
    The notice of initiation stated that the Department would issue its 
preliminary determination for this investigation no later than 140 days 
after the date of issuance of the initiation, in accordance with 
section 733(b)(1)(A) of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended (the Act).
    On July 15, 2008, the petitioner, Vulcan Threaded Products Inc., 
made a request pursuant to 19 CFR 351.205(b)(2) and (e) for a 50-day 
postponement of the preliminary determination. The petitioner requested 
postponement of the preliminary determination in order to allow more 
time to analyze and comment on the respondents' questionnaire 
responses.
    For the reasons identified by the petitioner and because there are 
no compelling reasons to deny the request, the Department is postponing 
the deadline for the preliminary determination under section 
733(c)(1)(A) of the Act by 50 days from the current deadline of August 
12, 2008, to October 1, 2008. The deadline for the final determination 
will continue to be 75 days after the date of the preliminary 
determination, unless extended.
    This notice is issued and published pursuant to section 733(c)(2) 
of the Act and 19 CFR 351.205(f)(1).


[[Page 43914]]


    Dated: July 23, 2008.
David M. Spooner,
Assistant Secretary for Import Administration.
[FR Doc. E8-17365 Filed 7-28-08; 8:45 am]

BILLING CODE 3510-DS-S
Expires:200902190230;Remove:200902190230;176291
WWUS54 KBMX 190216
SVSBMX
SEVERE WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE BIRMINGHAM AL
816 PM CST WED FEB 18 2009

ALC017-027-111-123-190230-
/O.CON.KBMX.SV.W.0034.000000T0000Z-090219T0230Z/
TALLAPOOSA AL-CHAMBERS AL-CLAY AL-RANDOLPH AL-
816 PM CST WED FEB 18 2009
...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 830 PM CST
FOR RANDOLPH...SOUTHEASTERN CLAY...NORTHWESTERN CHAMBERS AND EXTREME
NORTHEASTERN TALLAPOOSA COUNTIES...
AT 811 PM CST...THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE CONTINUED TO INDICATE A
LINE OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS CAPABLE OF PRODUCING NICKEL SIZE HAIL. 
THESE STORMS WERE LOCATED ALONG A LINE EXTENDING FROM BIG SPRINGS TO
MELLOW VALLEY...OR ALONG A LINE EXTENDING FROM 9 MILES NORTHEAST OF
ROANOKE TO 12 MILES SOUTHEAST OF ASHLAND...MOVING SOUTHEAST AT 35
MPH.
SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WILL BE NEAR...
  ROCK MILLS...ROANOKE...RED LEVEL AND ABANDA BY 825 PM CST...
  WELCH BY 830 PM CST...
A TORNADO WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1000 PM CST WEDNESDAY EVENING
FOR SOUTHEASTERN ALABAMA.
A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH ALSO REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 100 AM CST
THURSDAY MORNING FOR SOUTHERN ALABAMA.
LAT...LON 3329 8528 3305 8524 3313 8591 3343 8533
TIME...MOT...LOC 0216Z 302DEG 32KT 3325 8526 3310 8571
$$
Exe group	Physics group	Count	Total real time	Average real time	Main exe user time	Average exe user time	Datasets	Main exes<br>Users
???	???	5521	80690027.0	1461511.08495	61133118.0	1107283.42692	rootd,local,xbhd0d	hays,cdfprd_ntp,swilbur,viviana,cdfdqm,samantha,schwarzt,diruzza,varsha,lannon,camarda,keungj,marcvog,ici,canelli,hkg,edrogers
???	EXO	922	28978379.0	3142991.21475	25952851.0	2814842.84165	<None>	sunil
???	TOP	3843	118940420.0	3094988.81082	107073396.0	2786192.97424	<None>	evah,castro
Ana	???	2345	56440520.0	2406845.20256	16658851.0	710398.763326	local,unknwn	cdfprd_ntp,boj,cdfprd
MC	???	564	8100169.0	1436200.1773	7084892.0	1256186.52482	local	benjamin,junji
Ntuplizer	BOT	137	1730204.0	1262922.62774	1233601.0	900438.686131	xpmm0m	herndon
misc	???	600	1393422.0	232237.0	886300.0	147716.666667	local	stager
root	???	1603	6052046.0	377544.978166	5018424.0	313064.504055	<None>	samantha,swilbur,varsha,marcvog,csmoon
root	EXO	41	606133.0	1478373.17073	671.0	1636.58536585	<None>	oglez
root	TOP	31	582381.0	1878648.3871	95452.0	307909.677419	<None>	sluca,castro
Anonymous (1978).  A review and resolution of fish passage problems at culvert 
sites in British Columbia (2nd edition). Fisheries and Marine Service, Technical 
Report of the Fisheries and Marine Service 810.
	
The success or failure of a fish in migrating through a culvert depends upon the 
swimming ability of the fish and the hydraulic conditions present. In culverts 
stream flow velocities are maximized and usually constant throughout most of the 
culvert length as opposed to the variety of conditions in a natural stream 
channel. From documentation of swimming ability of salmon (Oncorhynchus ) it is 
possible to determine hydraulic criteria that must be satisfied to ensure free 
fish passage, especially throughout the spawning migration period. Since 
detailed stream flow records for small streams in British Columbia have not been 
taken, a general system must be used. Some recommendations for culvert design 
are given.
D'UN NATURALISTE. 225
muscles cartilagineux, utiles  la contraction
des parties de l'animal, tapissent la crte sup-
rieure que j'ai dj compare  la nageoire
dorsale des poissons. Elle est frange d'une
lisire rose glace de nacre.
La galre porte avec elle un poison si caus-
tique et si pntrant, qu' peine l'a-t-on tou-
che , l'on ressent une cuisson insupportable ,
jusque l que l'enflure qui en est le rsultat, est
accompagne d'inflammation. Pour prvenir ses
suites funestes, on crase sur la partie offense
une gousse d'ail, ou, ce qui vaut mieux, on la
recouvre de linges imbibs d'alkali volatil fluor
tendu d'eau, qui neutralise promptement les
effets de ce venin. On prtend que ce poison est
si subtil et si corrupteur , qu'il dcompose et
dnature la chair des poissons qui en ont mang,
sans pour cela les faire mourir.
J'aperus prs du gouvernail un poisson bien
intressant par ses couleurs; c'est le pilote (i),
ou poisson conducteur. U se rencontre fr-
quemment sous l'qualeur. 11 a de cinq  six
pouces de long, sur un de largeur. Il est d'une
couleur bruntre avec reflets dors, ce qui lui
donne beaucoup de rapport avec la tanche pour
les nuances. U est ceint dans sa longueur de sept
(i) Gasterosteus ductor, Linn.
Tome I.
30
THE AMAZON AND MADEIRA RIVERS.
flat banks are scarcely discernible, leaving us to guess only the wido mouth of the Tocantins to be where sky and water are melting into one blue horizon, into the Estreito do Breves, one of those narrow, intricate channels, through which the powerful Amazon has to send its waters to the Para. Magnificent groups of Muriti palms line its sides, their broad waving fans silvered by the brightest of moonshine. At dawn the Belem, touched at Gurupa and Porto do Moz, small villages, inhabited by Indians and half-castes, leaving at the right the singularly shaped flat hills of Almeirim, the only ones seen on the whole tour.    After Prainha
A   JAN'GADA   IX   THE   BREAKERS.
and Moxte Alegre, two other stations of little importance, we reached at last Santarem, at the mouth of the Tapajoz, a prosperous and pretty little town. There is a certain charm about that sloping hill, covered with whitewashed houses and cottages, and green gardens, and overlooking a white beach full of boats and barques of every size. Tempted by the lovely aspect, we went on shore to stretch our limbs a little, and to gather some statistical notes, if possible; but we had no idea of the difficulties of the latter undertaking. We began by asking the proprietor of a little shop, who was sitting quietly on his doorstep,  and