CATEGORY 5 -
                     TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND
                     "INFORMATION SECURITY"
                  Part  I.  TELECOMMUNICATIONS
     Notes: 1.  The control status of components,
"lasers", test and "production" equipment, and
"software" therefor which are specially designed
for telecommunications equipment or systems is
determined in Category 5, Part 1.
     2.  "Digital computers", related equipment or
"software", when essential for the operation and
support of telecommunications equipment
described in this Category, are regarded as
specially designed components, provided they are
the  standard models customarily supplied by the
manufacturer. This includes operation,
administration, maintenance, engineering or
billing computer systems.
                   A.  SYSTEMS, EQUIPMENT AND
                           COMPONENTS
5A001 Telecommunications systems,
equipment, components and accessories, as
follows (see List of Items Controlled).
License Requirements
Reason for Control:   NS, AT
Control(s)                              Country Chart
NS applies to 5A001.a,             NS Column
                                   1
and .e
NS applies to 5A001.b, .c,         NS Column 2
.d,  .f, .g
AT applies to entire entry          AT Column 1
          License Requirement Notes:  See 743.1
of the EAR for reporting requirements for exports
under License Exceptions.
License Exceptions
     LVS:      N/A for 5A001.a, b.5, .e
               $5000 for 5A001b.1, b.2, b.3, b.6,
               and .d $3000 for 5A001.c
     GBS:      Yes, except 5A001.a, b.5, .e
     CIV:      Yes, except 5A001.a, b.3, b.5, .e
List of Items Controlled
     Unit: Equipment or antennae in number; cable
     and fiber in meters/feet, components and
     accessories in $ value
     Related Controls: Telecommunications
     equipment defined in 5A001.a.1 through
     5A001.a.3 for use on board satellites is
     subject to the export licensing authority of the
     Department of State, Directorate of Defense
     Trade Controls (22 CFR part 121).  Direction
     finding equipment defined in 5A001.e is
     subject to the export licensing authority of the
     Department of State, Directorate of Defense
     Trade Controls (22 CFR part 121). See also
     5A101 and 5A991.
     Related Definitions: N/A
     Items:
a.  Any type of telecommunications equipment
having any of the following characteristics,
functions or features:
     a.1.  Specially designed to withstand
transitory electronic effects or electromagnetic
pulse effects, both arising from a nuclear
explosion;
     a.2.  Specially hardened to withstand gamma,
neutron or ion radiation; or
     a.3.  Specially designed to operate outside the
temperature range from 218 K (-55C) to 397 K
(124C).
     Note:  5A001.a.3 applies only to electronic
equipment.
     Note:  5A001.a.2 and 5A001.a.3 do not apply
to equipment designed or modified for use on
board satellites.
b. Telecommunication systems and equipment,
and specially designed components and
accessories therefor, having any of the following
characteristics, functions or features:
     b.1  Being underwater untethered
communications systems having any of the
following:
          b.1.a.  An acoustic carrier frequency
outside the range from 20 kHz to 60 kHz;
          b.1.b.  Using an electromagnetic carrier
frequency below 30 kHz; or
          b.1.c.  Using electronic beam steering
techniques; or
          b.1.d.  Using "lasers" or light-emitting
diodes (LEDs) with an output wavelength  greater
than 400 nm and less than 700 nm, in a "local area
network";
     b.2.  Being radio equipment operating in the
1.5 MHz to 87.5 MHz band and having all of the
following:
          b.2.a..  Automatically predicting and
selecting frequencies and "total digital transfer
rates" per channel to optimize the transmission;
and
          b.2.b.  Incorporating a linear power
amplifier configuration having a capability to
support multiple signals simultaneously at an
output power of 1 kW or more in the frequency
range of 1.5 MHz or more but less than 30 MHz,
or 250 W or more in the frequency range of 30
MHz or more but not exceeding 87.5 MHz, over
an "instantaneous bandwidth" of one octave or
more and with an output harmonic and distortion
content of better than -80 dB;
     b.3.  Being radio equipment employing
"spread spectrum"  techniques, including
"frequency hopping" techniques, not controlled in
5A001.b.4 and having any of the following :
          b.3.a.  User programmable spreading
codes; or
          b.3.b.  A total transmitted bandwidth
which is 100 or more times the bandwidth of any
one information channel and in excess of 50 kHz;
     Note:  5A001.b.3.b does not control radio
equipment specially designed for use with civil
cellular radio-communications systems.
     Note:  5A001.b.3 does not control equipment
operating at an output power of 1 W or less.
     b.4 Being radio equipment employing ultra-
wideband modulation techniques, having user
programmable channelizing codes, scrambling
codes, or network identification codes and having
any of the following:
          b.4.a.    A bandwidth exceeding 500
                    MHz; or
          b.4.b.    A "fractional bandwidth" of 20%
                    or more;
     b.5.  Being digitally controlled radio receivers
having all of the following:
          b.5.a.  More than 1,000 channels;
          b.5.b.  A "frequency switching time" of
less than 1 ms;
          b.5.c.  Automatic searching or scanning of
a part of the electromagnetic spectrum; and
          b.5.d.  Identification of the received
signals or the type of transmitter; or
     Note:  5A001.b.5 does not control radio
equipment specially designed for use with civil
cellular radio-communications systems.
     b.6.  Employing functions of digital "signal
processing" to provide 'voice coding' output at
rates of less than 2,400 bit/s.
     Technical Notes:
     1.  For variable rate 'voice coding', 5A001.b.6
     applies to the 'voice coding' output of
     continuous speech.
     2.  For the purpose of 5A001.b.6, 'voice
coding' is defined as the technique to take
samples of human voice and then convert these
samples of human voice and then convert these
samples into a digital signal taking into account
specific characteristics of human speech.
c.  Optical fiber communication cables, optical
fibers and accessories, as follows:
     c.1.  Optical fibers of more than 500 m in
length specified by the manufacturer as being
capable of withstanding a 'proof test' tensile stress
of 2 x 109 N/m2 or more;
     Technical Note: 'Proof Test': on-line or
off-line production screen testing that
dynamically applies a prescribed tensile stress
over a 0.5 to 3 m length of fiber at a running rate
of 2 to 5 m/s while passing between capstans
approximately 150 mm in diameter.  The ambient
temperature is a nominal 293 K (20C) and
relative humidity 40%.   Equivalent national
standards may be used for executing the proof
test.
     c.2.  Optical fiber cables and accessories,
designed for underwater use;
     Note: 5A001.c.2 does not control standard
civil telecommunication cables and accessories.
     N.B. 1:  For underwater umbilical cables, and
connectors thereof, see 8A002.a.3.
     N.B. 2:  For fiber-optic hull penetrators or
connectors, see 8A002.c.
d.  "Electronically steerable phased array
antennae" operating above 31.8 GHz;
     Note:  5A001.d does not control
"electronically steerable phased array antennae"
for landing systems with instruments meeting
ICAO standards covering Microwave Landing
Systems (MLS).
e.     Radio direction finding equipment operating
at frequencies above 30 MHz and having all of the
following, and specially designed components
therefor:
     e.1.     "Instantaneous bandwidth" of 10
MHz or more; and
     e.2.     Capable of finding a Line Of Bearing
(LOB) to non-cooperating radio transmitters with
a signal duration of less than 1 ms;
f.  Jamming equipment specially designed or
modified to intentionally and selectively interfere
with, deny, inhibit, degrade or seduce mobile
telecommunication services and having any of the
following characteristics, and specially designed
components therefore:
     f.1. Simulating the functions of Radio Access
Network (RAN) equipment; or
     f.2. Detecting and exploiting specific
characteristics of the mobile telecommunications
protocol employed (e.g., GSM);
     N.B. : For GNSS jamming equipment see the
Munitions List.
g. Passive Coherent Location (PCL) systems or
equipment, specially designed for detecting and
tracking moving objects by measuring reflections
of ambient radio frequency emissions, supplied by
non-radar transmitters.
     Technical Note:  Non-radar transmitters may
include commercial radio, television or cellular
telecommunications base stations.
     Note:      5A001.g. does not control:
          a.     Radio-astronomical equipment; or
          b.     Systems or equipment, that require
any radio transmission from the target.
5A101 Telemetering and telecontrol
equipment, including ground equipment,
designed or modified for unmanned aerial
vehicles or rocket systems (including ballistic
missile systems, space launch vehicles,
sounding rockets, cruise missile systems, target
drones, and reconnaissance drones) capable of
a maximum "range" equal to or greater than
300 km.
License Requirements
     Reason for Control:  MT, AT
Control(s)                              Country Chart
MT applies to entire entry           MT Column 1
AT applies to entire entry           AT Column 1
License Exceptions
     LVS:     N/A
     GBS:     N/A
     CIV:     N/A
List of Items Controlled
     Unit: Number
     Related Controls: N/A
     Related Definitions: N/A
     Items:
The list of items controlled is contained in the
ECCN heading.
     NOTE:  5A101 does not control:
     1.  Telecontrol equipment specially designed
to be used for remote control of recreational
model planes, boats or vehicles and having an
electric field strength of not more than 200
microvolts per meter at a distance of 500 meters;
     2.  Equipment designed or modified for
manned aircraft or satellites;
     3.  Ground based equipment designed or
modified for terrestrial or marine applications;
     4.  Equipment designed for commercial, civil,
or safety of life (e.g., data integrity or flight
safety) Global Navigation Satellite System
services.
     NOTE:  ECCN 5A101 does not include items
not designed or modified for unmanned aerial
vehicles or rocket systems (including ballistic
missile systems, space launch vehicles, sounding
rockets, cruise missile systems, target drones, and
reconnaissance drones) capable of a maximum
"range" equal to or greater than 300km (e.g.,
telemetry circuit cards limited by design to
reception only and designed for use in personal
computers).
5A980 Devices primarily useful for the
surreptitious interception of wire, oral, or
electronic communications; and parts and
accessories therefor.
License Requirements
     Reason for Control:  SL, AT
     Control(s): SL and AT apply to entire entry.
A license is required for all destinations, as
specified in 742.13 of the EAR.  Accordingly, a
column specific to this control does not appear on
the Commerce Country Chart (Supplement No. 1
to Part 738 of the EAR).
     Note:  This licensing requirement does not
supersede, nor does it implement, construe or
limit the scope of any criminal statute, including,
but not limited to the Omnibus Safe Streets Act of
1968, as amended.
     Note: These items are subject to the United
Nations Security Council arms embargo against
Rwanda described in 746.8 of the EAR.
License Exceptions
     LVS:     N/A
     GBS:     N/A
     CIV:     N/A
List of Items Controlled
     Unit: $ value
     Related Controls: N/A
     Related Definitions: N/A
     Items:
The list of items controlled is contained in the
ECCN heading.
5A991  Telecommunication equipment, not
controlled by 5A001.
License Requirements
     Reason for Control:   AT
Control(s)                              Country Chart
AT applies to entire entry           AT Column 1
License Exceptions
     LVS:     N/A
     GBS:     N/A
     CIV:     N/A
List of Items Controlled
     Unit: $ value
     Related Controls: Telecommunication
     equipment defined in 5A991 for use on board
     satellites is subject to the export licensing
     authority of the Department of State,
     Directorate of Defense Trade Controls (22
     CFR part 121). See also 5E101 and 5E991
     Related Definitions: 1) 'Asynchronous
     transfer mode' ('ATM') is a transfer mode in
     which the information is organized into cells;
     it is asynchronous in the sense that the
     recurrence of cells depends on the required or
     instantaneous bit rate.  2) 'Bandwidth of one
     voice channel' is data communication
     equipment designed to operate in one voice
     channel of 3,100 Hz, as defined in CCITT
     Recommendation G.151.  3)
     'Communications channel controller' is the
     physical interface that controls the flow of
     synchronous or asynchronous digital
     information. It is an assembly that can be
     integrated into computer or
     telecommunications equipment to provide
     communications access.  4) 'Datagram' is a
     self-contained, independent entity of data
     carrying sufficient information to be routed
     from the source to the destination data
     terminal equipment without reliance on earlier
     exchanges between this source and
     destination data terminal equipment and the
     transporting network.  5) 'Fast select' is a
     facility applicable to virtual calls that allows
     data terminal equipment to expand the
     possibility to transmit data in call set-up and
     clearing 'packets' beyond the basic
     capabilities of a virtual call.  6) 'Gateway' is
     the function, realized by any combination of
     equipment and "software", to carry out the
     conversion of conventions for representing,
     processing or communicating information
     used on one system into the corresponding,
     but different conventions used in another
     system.  7) 'Integrated Services Digital
     Network' (ISDN) is a unified end-to-end
     digital network, in which data originating
     from all types of communication (e.g., voice,
     text, data, still and moving pictures) are
     transmitted from one port (terminal) in the
     exchange (switch) over one access line to and
     from the subscriber.  8) 'Packet' is a group of
     binary digits including data and call control
     signals that is switched as a composite whole.
     The data, call control signals, and possible
     error control information are arranged in a
     specified format.
     Items:
a.  Any type of telecommunications equipment,
not controlled by 5A001.a, specially designed to
operate outside the temperature range from 219 K
(-54 C) to 397 K (124 C).
b.  Telecommunication transmission equipment
and systems, and specially designed components
and accessories therefor, having any of the
following characteristics, functions or features:
     Note:  Telecommunication transmission
equipment:
     a.  Categorized as follows, or combinations
thereof:
          1.  Radio equipment (e.g., transmitters,
receivers and transceivers);
          2.  Line terminating equipment;
          3.  Intermediate amplifier equipment;
          4.  Repeater equipment;
          5.  Regenerator equipment;
          6.  Translation encoders (transcoders);
          7.  Multiplex equipment (statistical
mutiplex included);
          8.  Modulators/demodulators (modems);
          9.  Transmultiplex equipment (see CCITT
Rec. G701);
          10.  "Stored program controlled" digital
crossconnection equipment;
          11.  'Gateways' and bridges;
          12.  "Media access units"; and
     b.  Designed for use in single or multi-channel
communication via any of the following:
          1.  Wire (line);
          2.  Coaxial cable;
          3.  Optical fiber cable;
          4.  Electromagnetic radiation; or
          5. Underwater acoustic wave
propagation.
     b.1.   Employing digital techniques, including
digital processing of analog signals, and designed
to operate at a "digital transfer rate" at the highest
multiplex level exceeding 45 Mbit/s or a "total
digital transfer rate" exceeding 90 Mbit/s;
     Note:  5A991.b.1 does not control equipment
specially designed to be integrated and operated
in any satellite system for civil use.
     b.2.  Modems using the 'bandwidth of one
voice channel' with a "data signaling rate"
exceeding 9,600 bits per second;
     b.3.  Being "stored program controlled"
digital cross connect equipment with "digital
transfer rate" exceeding 8.5 Mbit/s per port.
     b.4.  Being equipment containing any of the
following:
          b.4.a.  'Network access controllers' and
their related common medium having a "digital
transfer rate" exceeding 33 Mbit/s; or
          b.4.b. "Communication channel
controllers" with a digital output having a "data
signaling rate" exceeding 64,000 bit/s per
channel;
     Note:  If any uncontrolled equipment contains
a "network access controller", it cannot have any
type of telecommunications interface, except
those described in, but not controlled by
5A991.b.4.
     b.5.  Employing a "laser" and having any of
the following characteristics:
          b.5.a.  A transmission wavelength
exceeding 1,000 nm; or
          b.5.b.  Employing analog techniques and
having a bandwidth exceeding 45 MHz;
     Note:  5A991.b.5.b does not control
commercial TV systems.
          b.5.c.  Employing coherent optical
transmission or coherent optical detection
techniques (also called optical heterodyne or
homodyne techniques);
          b.5.d.  Employing wavelength division
multiplexing techniques; or
          b.5.e.  Performing "optical amplification";
     b.6. Radio equipment operating at input or
output frequencies exceeding:
          b.6.a.  31 GHz for satellite-earth station
applications; or
          b.6.b.  26.5 GHz for other applications;
     Note: 5A991.b.6. does not control equipment
for civil use when conforming with an
International Telecommunications Union (ITU)
allocated band between 26.5 GHz and 31 GHz.
     b.7.  Being radio equipment employing any of
the following:
          b.7.a.  Quadrature-amplitude-modulation
(QAM) techniques above level 4 if the "total
digital transfer rate" exceeds 8.5 Mbit/s;
          b.7.b.  QAM techniques above level 16 if
the "total digital transfer rate" is equal to or less
than 8.5 Mbit/s;
          b.7.c.  Other digital modulation
techniques and having a "spectral efficiency"
exceeding 3 bit/s/Hz; or
          b.7.d.  Operating in the 1.5 MHz to 87.5
MHz band and incorporating adaptive techniques
providing more than 15 dB suppression of an
interfering signal.
     Notes:
     1. 5A991.b.7 does not control equipment
specially designed to be integrated and operated
in any satellite system for civil use.
     2.  5A991.b.7 does not control radio relay
equipment for operation in an ITU allocated
band:
          a.  Having any of the following:
               a.1.  Not exceeding 960 MHz; or
               a.2.  With a "total digital transfer
rate" not exceeding 8.5 Mbit/s; and
          b. Having a "spectral efficiency" not
exceeding 4 bit/s/Hz.
c.  "Stored program controlled" switching
equipment and related signaling systems, having
any of the following characteristics, functions or
features, and specially designed components and
accessories therefor:
     Note:  Statistical multiplexers with digital
input and digital output which provide switching
are treated as "stored program controlled"
switches.
     c.1.  "Data (message) switching" equipment
or systems designed for "packet-mode operation"
and assemblies and components therefor, n.e.s.
       c.2.  [RESERVED];
   c.3.  Routing or switching of 'datagram'
packets;
     c.4.  [RESERVED]
     Note:  The restrictions in 5A991.c.3 do not
apply to networks restricted to using only
'network access controllers' or to 'network access
controllers' themselves.
     c.5.  Multi-level priority and pre-emption for
circuit switching;
     Note:  5A991.c.5 does not control single-level
call preemption.
     c.6.  Designed for automatic hand-off of
cellular radio calls to other cellular switches or
automatic connection to a centralized subscriber
data base common to more than one switch;
     c.7.  Containing "stored program controlled"
digital cross connect equipment with "digital
transfer rate" exceeding 8.5 Mbit/s per port.
     c.8. "Common channel signaling" operating in
either non-associated or quasi-associated mode of
operation;
     c.9.  'Dynamic adaptive routing';
     Note:  5A991.c.10 does not control packet
switches or routers with ports or lines not
exceeding the limits in 5A991.c.10.
     c.10.  Being packet switches, circuit switches
and routers with ports or lines exceeding any of
the following:
          c.10.a.  A "data signaling rate" of 64,000
bit/s per channel for a 'communications channel
controller'; or
          Note:  5A991.c.10.a does not control
multiplex composite links composed only of
communication channels not individually
controlled by 5A991.b.1.
          c.10.b.  A "digital transfer rate" of 33
Mbit/s for a 'network access controller' and
related common media;
     c.11.  "Optical switching";
     c.12.  Employing 'Asynchronous Transfer
Mode' ('ATM') techniques.
d.  Optical fibers and optical fiber cables of more
than 50 m in length designed for single mode
operation;
e.  Centralized network control having all of the
following characteristics:
     e.1. Receives data from the nodes; and
     e.2. Process these data in order to provide
control of traffic not requiring operator decisions,
and thereby performing 'dynamic adaptive
routing';
     Note:  5A991.e does not preclude control of
traffic as a function of predictable statistical
traffic conditions.
f.  Phased array antennae, operating above 10.5
GHz, containing active elements and distributed
components, and designed to permit electronic
control of beam shaping and pointing, except for
landing systems with instruments meeting
International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
standards (microwave landing systems (MLS)).
g.  Mobile communications equipment, n.e.s., and
assemblies and components therefor; or
h. Radio relay communications equipment
designed for use at frequencies equal to or
exceeding 19.7 GHz and assemblies and
components therefor, n.e.s.
                    B. TEST, INSPECTION AND
                      PRODUCTION EQUIPMENT
5B001  Telecommunication test, inspection and
production equipment, as follows (See List of
Items Controlled).
License Requirements
     Reason for Control:   NS, AT
Control(s)                              Country Chart
NS applies to entire entry           NS Column 2
AT applies to entire entry           AT Column 1
     License Requirement Notes:  See 743.1 of
the EAR for reporting requirements for exports
under License Exceptions.
License Exceptions
     LVS:     $5000
     GBS:     Yes
     CIV:     Yes
List of Items Controlled
     Unit: Equipment in number; components and
     accessories in $ value
     Related Controls: See also 5B991.
     Related Definition: N/A
     Items:
a.  Equipment and specially designed components
or accessories therefor, specially designed for the
"development", "production" or "use" of
equipment, functions or features controlled by
5A001, 5D001 or 5E001.
     Note:  5B001.a. does not control optical fiber
characterization equipment.
b.  Equipment and specially designed components
or accessories therefor, specially designed for the
"development" of any of the following
telecommunication transmission or  switching
equipment:
     b.1.  Equipment employing digital techniques
designed to operate at a "total digital transfer rate"
exceeding 15 Gbit/s;
     Technical Note: For switching equipment the
"total digital transfer rate" is measured at the
highest speed port or line.
     b.2.  Equipment employing a "laser" and
having any of the following:
          b.2.a. A transmission wavelength
exceeding 1750 nm;
          b.2.b.  Performing "optical amplification";
          b.2.c. Employing coherent optical
transmission or coherent optical detection
techniques (also called optical heterodyne or
homodyne techniques); or
          b.2.d.  Employing analog techniques and
having a bandwidth exceeding 2.5 GHz;
     Note:  5B001.b.2.d. does not include
equipment specially designed for the
"development" of commercial TV systems.
     b.3.  Equipment employing "optical
switching";
     b.4.  Radio equipment employing quadrature-
amplitude-modulation (QAM) techniques above
level 256; or
     b.5.  Equipment employing "common channel
signaling" operating in non-associated mode of
operation.
5B991  Telecommunications test equipment,
n.e.s.
License Requirements
     Reason for Control:   AT
Control(s)                              Country Chart
AT applies to entire entry           AT Column 1
License Exceptions
     LVS:     N/A
     GBS:     N/A
     CIV:     N/A
List of Items Controlled
     Unit: $ value
     Related Controls: N/A
     Related Definitions: N/A
     Items:
The list of items controlled is contained in the
ECCN heading.
                         C.  MATERIALS
5C991  Preforms of glass or of any other
material optimized for the manufacture of
optical fibers controlled by 5A991.
License Requirements
Reason for Control:  AT
Control(s)                              Country Chart
AT applies to entire entry           AT Column 1
License Exceptions
     LVS:  N/A
     GBS:  N/A
     CIV:  N/A
List of Items Controlled
     Unit: $ value
     Related Controls: N/A
     Related Definitions: N/A
     Items:
The list of items controlled is contained in the
ECCN heading.
                          D.  SOFTWARE
5D001  "Software", as described in the List of
Items Controlled.
License Requirements
     Reason for Control:   NS, AT
Control(s)                              Country Chart
NS applies to entire entry           NS Column 1
AT applies to entire entry           AT Column 1
     License Requirement Notes:  See 743.1 of
the EAR for reporting requirements for exports
under License Exceptions.
License Exceptions
     CIV: Yes, except for "software" controlled
          by 5D001.a and specially designed
          for the "development" or
          "production" of items controlled by
          5A001.b.5
     TSR: Yes, except for exports and reexports
          to destinations outside of Austria,
          Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland,
          France, Germany, Greece, Ireland,
          Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, the
          Netherlands, Portugal, Spain,
          Sweden, or the United Kingdom of
          "software" controlled by 5D001.a
          and specially designed for items
          controlled by 5A001.b.5.
List of Items Controlled
     Unit: $ value
     Related Controls: See also 5D991
     Related Definitions: N/A
     Items:
a.  "Software" specially designed or modified for
the "development", "production" or "use" of
equipment, functions or features controlled by
5A001 or 5B001.
b.  "Software" specially designed or modified to
support "technology" controlled by 5E001.
c.  Specific "software" specially designed or
modified to provide characteristics, functions or
features of equipment controlled by 5A001 or
5B001.
d.  "Software" specially designed or modified for
the "development" of any of the following
telecommunication transmission or switching
equipment:
     d.1.  Equipment employing digital techniques,
including  designed to operate at a "total digital
transfer rate" exceeding 15 Gbit/s;
     Technical Note: For switching equipment the
"total digital transfer rate" is measured at the
highest speed port or line.
     d.2.  Equipment employing a "laser" and
having any of the following:
          d.2.a.  A transmission wavelength
exceeding 1750 nm; or
          d.2.b.  Employing analog techniques and
having a bandwidth exceeding 2.5 GHz;
     Note:  5D001.d.2.b. does not control
"software" specially designed or modified for the
"development" of commercial TV systems.
     d.3.  Equipment employing "optical
switching"; or
     d.4.  Radio equipment employing quadrature-
amplitude-modulation (QAM) techniques above
level 256.
5D101  "Software" specially designed or
modified for the  "use" of items controlled by
5A101.
License Requirements
     Reason for Control:   MT, AT
Control(s)                              Country Chart
MT applies to entire entry           MT Column 1
AT applies to entire entry           AT Column 1
License Exceptions
     CIV:      N/A
     TSR:     N/A
List of Items Controlled
     Unit: $ value
     Related Controls: N/A
     Related Definitions: N/A
     Items:
The list of items controlled is contained in the
ECCN heading.
5D980 Other "software", as follows (see List of
Items Controlled).
License Requirements
     Reason for Control:  SL, AT
     Controls: SL and AT apply to entire entry.  A
license is required for all destinations, as specified
in 742.13 of the EAR.  Accordingly, a column
specific to this control does not appear on the
Commerce Country Chart (Supplement No. 1 to
Part 738 of the EAR).
     Note:  This licensing requirement does not
supersede, nor does it implement, construe or
limit the scope of any criminal statute, including,
but not limited to the Omnibus Safe Streets Act of
1968, as amended.
     Note:  These items are subject to the United
Nations Security Council arms
embargo against Rwanda described in 746.8 of
the EAR.
License Exceptions
     CIV: N/A
     TSR: N/A
List of Items Controlled
     Unit: $ value
     Related Controls: N/A
     Related Definitions: N/A
     Items:
     a. "Software" primarily useful for the
surreptitious interception of wire, oral, and
electronic communications.
     b. "Software" primarily useful for the
"development", "production", or "use" of
equipment controlled by 5A980.
5D991  "Software" specially designed or
modified for the "development", "production",
or "use" of equipment controlled by 5A991 and
5B991, and dynamic adaptive routing software
as described in the List of Items Controlled.
License Requirements
     Reason for Control:   AT
Control(s)                              Country Chart
AT applies to entire entry           AT Column 1
License Exceptions
     CIV:     N/A
     TSR:     N/A
List of Items Controlled
     Unit: $ value
     Related Controls: N/A
     Related Definitions: N/A
     Items:
a.  "Software", other than in machine-executable
form, specially designed for "dynamic adaptive
routing".
b. [RESERVED]
                         E.  TECHNOLOGY
5E001  "Technology", (see List of Items
Controlled).
License Requirements
     Reason for Control:   NS, AT
Control(s)                              Country Chart
NS applies to entire entry           NS Column 1
AT applies to entire entry           AT Column 1
     License Requirement Notes:  See 743.1 of
the EAR for reporting requirements for exports
under License Exceptions.
License Exceptions
     CIV:      N/A
     TSR: Yes, except for exports or reexports
          to destinations outside of Austria,
          Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland,
          France, Germany, Greece, Ireland,
          Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, the
          Netherlands, Portugal, Spain,
          Sweden, or the United Kingdom of
          "technology" controlled by 5E001.a
          for the "development" or
          "production" of the following:
               1)   Items controlled by 5A001.b.5;
                    or
               2)   "Software" controlled by
                    5D001.a that is specially
                    designed for the "development"
                    or "production" of equipment,
                    functions or features controlled
                    by 5A001.b.5.
List of Items Controlled
     Unit: $ value
     Related Controls: Technology defined in
     5E001.b.1, 5E001.b.2, 5E001.b.4, or 5E001.c
     for use on board satellites is subject to the
     export licensing authority of the Department
     of State, Directorate of Defense Trade
     Controls (22 CFR part 121).   See also 5E101
     and 5E991
     Related Definitions: N/A
     Items:
a.  "Technology" according to the General
Technology Note for the "development",
"production" or "use" (excluding operation) of
equipment, functions or features or "software"
controlled by 5A001, 5B001 or 5D001.
b.  Specific "technologies", as follows:
     b.1. "Required" "technology" for the
"development" or "production" of
telecommunications equipment specially designed
to be used on board satellites;
     b.2.  "Technology" for the "development" or
"use" of "laser" communication techniques with
the capability of automatically acquiring and
tracking signals and maintaining communications
through exoatmosphere or sub-surface (water)
media;
     b.3.  "Technology" for the "development" of
digital cellular radio base station receiving
equipment whose reception capabilities that allow
multi-band, multi-channel, multi-mode, multi-
coding algorithm or multi-protocol operation can
be modified by changes in "software";
     b.4. "Technology" for the "development" of
"spread spectrum"  techniques, including
"frequency hopping" techniques.
c. "Technology" according the General
Technology Note for the "development" or
"production" of any of the following
telecommunication transmission or switching
equipment, functions or features:
     c.1.  Equipment employing digital techniques
designed to operate at a "total digital transfer rate"
exceeding 15 Gbit/s;
     Technical Note: For switching equipment the
"total digital transfer rate" is measured at the
highest speed port or line.
     c.2.  Equipment employing a "laser" and
having any of the following:
          c.2.a. A transmission wavelength
exceeding 1750 nm;
          c.2.b.  Performing "optical amplification"
using praseodymium-doped fluoride fiber
amplifiers (PDFFA);
          c.2.c.  Employing coherent optical
transmission or coherent optical detection
techniques (also called optical heterodyne or
homodyne techniques);
          c.2.d.  Employing wavelength division
multiplexing techniques exceeding 8 optical
carriers in a single optical window; or
          c.2.e.  Employing analog techniques and
having a bandwidth exceeding 2.5 GHz;
     Note:  5E001.c.2.e. does not control
"technology" for the "development" or
"production" of commercial TV systems.
     c.3.  Equipment employing "optical
switching"; or
     c.4.  Radio equipment having any of the
following:
          c.4.a.  Quadrature-amplitude-modulation
(QAM) techniques above level 256; or
          c.4.b. Operating at input or output
frequencies exceeding 31.8 GHz; or
     Note: 5E001.c.4.b. does not control
"technology" for the "development" or
"production" of equipment designed or modified
for operation in any frequency band which is
"allocated by the ITU" for radio-communications
services, but not for radio-determination.
          c.4.c.  Operating in the 1.5 MHz to 87.5
MHz band and incorporating adaptive techniques
providing more than 15 dB suppression of an
interfering signal; or
     c.5.  Equipment employing "common channel
signaling" operating in non-associated mode of
operation.
5E101  "Technology" according to the General
Technology Note for the "development",
"production" or "use" of equipment or
software controlled by 5A101 or 5D101.
License Requirements
     Reason for Control:   MT, AT
Control(s)                              Country Chart
MT applies to entire entry           MT Column 1
AT applies to entire entry           AT Column 1
License Exceptions
     CIV:     N/A
     TSR:     N/A
List of Items Controlled
     Unit: $ value
     Related Controls: N/A
     Related Definitions: N/A
     Items:
The list of items controlled is contained in the
ECCN heading.
5E980 "Technology" primarily useful for the
"development", "production", or "use" of
equipment controlled by 5A980.
License Requirements
     Reason for Control:  SL, AT
     Controls: SL and AT apply to entire entry.  A
license is required for all destinations, as specified
in 742.13 of the EAR.  Accordingly, a column
specific to this control does not appear on the
Commerce Country Chart (Supplement No. 1 to
Part 738 of the EAR).
     Note:  These items are subject to the United
Nations Security Council arms embargo against
Rwanda described in 746.8 of the EAR.
License Exceptions
     CIV: N/A
     TSR: N/A
List of Items Controlled
     Unit: $ value
     Related Controls: N/A
     Related Definitions: N/A
     Items:
The list of items controlled is contained in the
ECCN heading.
5E991  "Technology" for the "development",
"production" or "use" of equipment controlled
by 5A991 or 5B991, or "software" controlled
by 5D991, and other "technologies" as follows
(see List of Items Controlled).
License Requirements
     Reason for Control:   AT
     Control(s)                         Country Chart
     AT applies to entire entry      AT Column 1
License Exceptions
     CIV:     N/A
     TSR:     N/A
List of Items Controlled
     Unit: $ value
     Related Controls: N/A
     Related Definitions:   1) 'Synchronous digital
     hierarchy' (SDH) is a digital hierarchy
     providing a means to manage, multiplex, and
     access various forms of digital traffic using a
     synchronous transmission format on different
     types of media. The format is based on the
     Synchronous Transport Module (STM) that is
     defined by CCITT Recommendation G.703,
     G.707, G.708, G.709 and others yet to be
     published. The first level rate of 'SDH' is
     155.52 Mbits/s. 2) 'Synchronous optical
     network' (SONET) is a network providing a
     means to manage, multiplex and access
     various forms of digital traffic using a
     synchronous transmission format on fiber
     optics. The format is the North America
     version of 'SDH' and also uses the
     Synchronous Transport Module (STM).
     However, it uses the Synchronous Transport
     Signal (STS) as the basic transport module
     with a first level rate of 51.81 Mbits/s. The
     SONET standards are being integrated into
     those of 'SDH'.
     Items:
a.  Specific "technologies" as follows:
     a.1.  "Technology" for the processing and
application of coatings to optical fiber specially
designed to make it suitable for underwater use;
     a.2.    "Technology" for the "development" of
equipment employing 'Synchronous Digital
Hierarchy' ('SDH') or 'Synchronous Optical
Network'('SONET') techniques.
EAR99  Items subject to the EAR that are not
elsewhere specified in this CCL Category or in
any other category in the CCL are designated
by the number EAR99.