Identification_Information: 
  Citation: 
    Citation_Information: 
      Originator: Dr. Paul Jokiel
      Originator: Dr. Kuulei Rodgers
      Originator: Mr. Eric Brown
      Originator: Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology
      Originator: Department Of Oceanography
      Originator: School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology
      Originator: University Of Hawaii
      Publication_Date: Unknown
      Title: Coral Species, Colony Sizes, and Percent Coverage Based on Photoquadrat Images from the Hawaii Coral Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program: 2000 - 2002, (NODC Accession 0002312)
  Description: 
    Abstract: Fixed photoquadrats are used to examine trends of individual organisms with regards to growth,
      recruitment and mortality. Five haphazardly selected photoquadrats at each depth contour were established with 4
      pins at each corner to ensure accurate repositioning of the frame.  NODC Accession 0001115 consists of these
      photoquadrat images from CRAMP surveys taken from 1999 to 2002 at 27 sites within the main Hawaiian Islands.
      Some locations have multiple depths.  Surveys were taken once per year. Field work coincided with video transects.
      
      This data set consists of an MS Access relational database and subsequently derived spreadsheets based on these
      tables.  The data were generated by PointCount99 on the images found in NODC Accession 0001115.  The PointCount
      output (not included) is the raw data while the Access database files (MDB) are summary files as well as select
      raw data.
    Purpose: To understand the ecology of Hawaiian coral reefs in relation to the geographic areas and to monitor
      change at each given site. CRAMP experimental design allows detection of changes that can be attributed to
      various factors such as:overuse (over-fishing, anchor damage, aquarium trade collection, etc.), sedimentation,
      nutrient loading,catastrophic natural events (storm wave impact, lavaflows), coastal construction, urbanization,
      global warming(bleaching), introduced species, algal invasions, and fish and invertebrate diseases. The emphasis of
      the program is on the major problems facing Hawaiian coral reefs as listed by managers and reef scientists during
      workshops and meetings held in Hawaii (1997-1998). These are:over-fishing,sedimentation,eutrophication, and algal
      outbreaks.CRAMP experimental design gives priority to areas where baseline data relevant to these issues were
      previously collected. Transect dimensions, number of replicates, and methods of evaluation have been selected to
      detect changes with statistical confidence. Standard techniques include the establishment of permanent transects
      to quantify fish, coral, algae, and invertebrates at study sites. CRAMP researchers are quantifying changes that
      have occurred on coral reefs subjected to varying degrees of fishing pressure, sedimentation,eutrophication, and
      algal growth and are conducting experimental work in order to test hypotheses concerning the role of these
      environmental factors in the ecology of coral reefs. We are also in the process of resurveying, updating and
      integrating existing ecological information on an array of coral reefs that have been designated as areas of
      concern or, "hot spots," by managers and scientists.
    Supplemental_Information: These sites were surveyed using SCUBA equipment and a digital camera. The project was
      launched by the Coral Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (CRAMP) at the Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology.
  Time_Period_of_Content: 
    Time_Period_Information: 
      Range_of_Dates/Times: 
        Beginning_Date: 20000204
        Ending_Date: 20020207
    Currentness_Reference: ground condition
  Status: 
    Progress: Complete
    Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: Annually
  Spatial_Domain: 
    Bounding_Coordinates: 
      West_Bounding_Coordinate: -159.7273
      East_Bounding_Coordinate: -155.0171
      North_Bounding_Coordinate: 22.2109
      South_Bounding_Coordinate: 19.5118
  Keywords: 
    Theme: 
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Theme Thesaurus
      Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment
      Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology > Invasive/introduced Species
      Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology > Coral Cover
      Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae
      Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs
      Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology > Habitats
    Theme: 
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
      Theme_Keyword: Coastal studies
      Theme_Keyword: substrate type
      Theme_Keyword: photoquadrat images
      Theme_Keyword: coral reef species
      Theme_Keyword: taxa
      Theme_Keyword: per cent coral coverage
      Theme_Keyword: colony count
      Theme_Keyword: colony size
      Theme_Keyword: HCRI
    Theme: 
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus
      Theme_Keyword: Numeric Data Sets > Biology
    Theme: 
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
      Theme_Keyword: biota
      Theme_Keyword: 002
      Theme_Keyword: environment
      Theme_Keyword: 007
    Place: 
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Place Thesaurus
      Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Kauai Island > Kauai Island (22N159W0001)
      Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Hawaii > Kauai Island (22N159W0001)
      Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Oahu Island > Oahu (21N157W0003)
      Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Oahu (21N157W0003)
      Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Molokai Island > Molokai Island (21N157W0001)
      Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Hawaii > Molokai Island (21N157W0001)
      Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Maui Island > Maui Island (20N156W0004)
      Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Maui > Maui Island (20N156W0004)
      Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Kahoolawe Island > Kahoolawe Island (20N156W0001)
      Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Kalawao > Kahoolawe Island (20N156W0001)
      Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Hawaii Island > Hawaii Island (19N155W0003)
      Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Hawaii > Hawaii Island (19N155W0003)
      Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Kauai > Hanalei Bay (22N159W0002)
      Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Kauai > Hanalei Bay (22N159W0002)
      Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Molokini Island > Molokini Islet (20N156W0003)
      Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Maui > Molokini Islet (20N156W0003)
      Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Maui Island > Olowalu (20N156W0006)
      Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Maui > Olowalu (20N156W0006)
      Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Maui > Puamana (20N156W0018)
      Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Maui > Puamana (20N156W0018)
      Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Oahu Island > Hanauma Bay (21N156W0003)
      Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Hanauma Bay (21N156W0003)
      Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Oahu Island > Heeia Reef (21N157W0025)
      Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Heeia Reef (21N157W0025)
      Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Hawaii > Kahe (21N158W0001)
      Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Hawaii > Kahe (21N158W0001)
      Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Oahu Island > Coconut Island ( Moku o loe ) (21N157W0005)
      Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Coconut Island ( Moku o loe ) (21N157W0005)
    Place: 
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
      Place_Keyword: Pacific Ocean
      Place_Keyword: Kaapuna
      Place_Keyword: Laaloa
      Place_Keyword: Laupahoehoe
      Place_Keyword: Leleiwi
      Place_Keyword: Kawaihae
      Place_Keyword: Nenue Pt.
      Place_Keyword: Hoai
      Place_Keyword: Limahuli
      Place_Keyword: Milolii
      Place_Keyword: Nualolo Kai
      Place_Keyword: Hakioawa
      Place_Keyword: Honolua North
      Place_Keyword: Honolua South
      Place_Keyword: Kanehena Bay
      Place_Keyword: Kanehena Pt.
      Place_Keyword: Kahekili
      Place_Keyword: Maalaea
      Place_Keyword: Papaula Pt.
      Place_Keyword: Kamilioloa
      Place_Keyword: Kamalo
      Place_Keyword: Palaau
      Place_Keyword: Pili O
      Place_Keyword: Kaalaea
      Place_Keyword: Pupukea
    Stratum: 
      Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
      Stratum_Keyword: Benthic
  Access_Constraints: None
  Use_Constraints: Dataset credit required
  Point_of_Contact: 
    Contact_Information: 
      Contact_Person_Primary: 
        Contact_Person: Dr. Paul Jokiel
        Contact_Organization: Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology
          University of Hawaii
      Contact_Position: Principal Investigator
      Contact_Address: 
        Address_Type: mailing address
        Address: P.O. Box 1346
        City: Kaneohe
        State_or_Province: Hawaii
        Postal_Code: 96744
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808-236-7440
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jokiel@hawaii.edu
  Data_Set_Credit: Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Hawaii Coral Reef Initiative,
    National Ocean Service, United States Geological Survey, State of Hawaii, Department of Land and Natural Resources,
    Division of Aquatic Resources, Kahoolawe Island Reserve Commission, United States Fish and Wildlife Service,
    Coastal Program, Limahuli National Botanical Garden, Save Our Seas
  Native_Data_Set_Environment: MS Access
Data_Quality_Information: 
  Logical_Consistency_Report: see Process Step
  Completeness_Report: The 2000-2002 surveys were 100 percent complete
  Lineage: 
    Process_Step: 
      Process_Description: Fixed photoquadrats allow examination of trends of individual organisms with regards to growth,
        recruitment and mortality. Five haphazardly selected photoquadrats at each depth contour were established with
        4 pins at each corner to ensure accurate repositioning of the frame. The frame dimension samples 0.33 m2of the
        substrate at a height of 0.5m from the bottom.  Surveys are made annually at the time of video transects.
        
        PointCount99
        
        PointCount99 is a Win95/98 based PC program derived from  PointCount
        for Coral Reefs which was developed in support of the United States
        Environmental Protection Agency's Florida Keys Coral Reef Monitoring
        Project (US EPA CRMP).  The software utilizes the random point count
        method for accurately estimating percent coverage of corals, sponges, and
        associated substrate from digitally frame-grabbed underwater video images.
        Unlike its predecessor, PointCount for Coral Reefs, which operated in
        conjunction with Media Cybernetics Image-Pro Plus graphics software,
        PointCount99 is a stand-alone Visual Basic program built on Accusofts
        Image Gear platform.  Funding for the development of PointCount99 was
        provided by the Jeanette and Lafayette Montgomery Foundation.
        
        PointCount99 makes image identification an efficient process. It calls up an
        image file and overlays a unique set of points supplied by an internal random
        number generator. PointCount99 is also able to use a unique set of random
        points (cd.dat) created for, and stored along with, a set of images. The user
        identifies each point and enters the data via a mouse driven graphic user
        interface. Species and substrate identifications require only a single mouse
        click. Corrections and multiple selections are easy to make, and hot keys are
        available to expedite the process. PointCount?99 also makes identifications
        easier by allowing the user to zoom in and out on images and enhance image
        quality with buttons for brightness/contrast, sharpness, and color levels.
        
        Brown, E, E Cox, B Tissot, K Rodgers, and W Smith (1999). Evaluation of
        benthic sampling methods considered for the Coral Reef Assessment and
        Monitoring Program (CRAMP) in Hawaii. International Conference on
        Scientific Aspects of Coral Reef Assessment, Monitoring, and Restoration.
        April 14-16, Ft. Lauderdale, FL.
      Process_Date: Unknown
      Process_Contact: 
        Contact_Information: 
          Contact_Person_Primary: 
            Contact_Person: Dr. Paul Jokiel
            Contact_Organization: Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology
              University of Hawaii
          Contact_Position: Principal Investigator
          Contact_Address: 
            Address_Type: mailing address
            Address: P.O. Box 1346
            City: Kaneohe
            State_or_Province: Hawaii
            Postal_Code: 96744
            Country: USA
          Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808-236-7440
          Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jokiel@hawaii.edu
Distribution_Information: 
  Distributor: 
    Contact_Information: 
      Contact_Organization_Primary: 
        Contact_Organization: NOAA/NESDIS/NODC/NCDDC (National Coastal Data Development Center)
      Contact_Address: 
        Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address
        Address: National Coastal Data Development Center, Building 1100
        City: Stennis Space Center
        State_or_Province: MS
        Postal_Code: 39529
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 866-732-2382
      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 228-688-2968
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ncddcgetdata@noaa.gov
      Hours_of_Service: 8am-5pm, Monday through Friday
  Distribution_Liability: NOAA makes no warranty regarding these data,expressed or implied, nor does the fact of
    distribution constitute such a warranty.  NOAA, NESDIS, NODC and NCDDC cannot assume liability for any damages
    caused by any errors or omissions in these data, nor as a result of the failure of these data to function on a
    particular system.
  Standard_Order_Process: 
    Digital_Form: 
      Digital_Transfer_Information: 
        Format_Name: MS Access
        Transfer_Size: 5367
      Digital_Transfer_Option: 
        Online_Option: 
          Computer_Contact_Information: 
            Network_Address: 
              Network_Resource_Name: http://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0002312
          Access_Instructions: Select "Details" then "Download" and "Current" to obtain a zipped copy of the most recent version.
            Original file received: MS Access database: Photoquad6.md
            Tables and queries output from this relational database are
            given as MS Excel and redundant ASCII CSV files
            
            tblData.xls
            tblData.csv
            parameters:       comments
            DataID            bookkeeping
            PhotoquadID       bookkeeping, see tblPhotoquad
            ColonyNum         number assigned to colony
            SpeciesCode       4 letter code used to link tblTaxon
            Fate              Rec, Exp, Fiss-number, Fus-number, Pho, Error
            LiveArea          cm2
            SizeClass         0-10cm2=1; 10-50cm2=2; 50-200cm2=3; greater than 200cm2=4
            
            tblSite.xls
            tblSite.csv
            parameters:       comments
            SiteID            bookkeeping
            Island            defined by the following
            IslandName
            Site              code with island/site/depth(m)
            Depth             in meters
            DepthCode         bookkeepping
            Latitude          degrees.fractional minutes
            Longitude         degrees.fractional minutes
            Status            Open Access, FRA, etc (legal status)
            ReserveSize       Area of reserve in hectares/acres
            
            tblSurvey.xls
            tblSurvey.csv
            parameters:       comments
            SurveyID          designated survey number for bookkeeping
            SiteID            see tblSite
            SurveyDate        month-day-year
            
            tblTaxon.xls
            tblTaxon.csv
            parameters:       comments
            TaxonID           bookkeeping
            TaxonIDCode       bookkeeping
            Type
            Family
            SpeciesCode       four-letter code for data entry
            TaxonName         species name
            Synonym           implicit
            HawaiianName      implicit
            CommonName        implicit
            Endemic           E:endemic, I:indigenous, x:exotic
            
            tblPhotoquad.xls
            tblPhotoquad.csv
            parameters:       comments
            PhotoquadID       bookkeeping
            SurveyID          bookkeeping, see tblSurvey
            PhotoquadNum      photoquad number
            FileName          raw PointCount99 data file, input
            
            tblPercentCoralCover.xls
            tblPercentCoralCover.csv
            parameters:       comments
            Site              see tblSite
            Year              year
            PhotoquadNum      see tblPhoto
    Fees: None
Metadata_Reference_Information: 
  Metadata_Date: 20081218
  Metadata_Contact: 
    Contact_Information: 
      Contact_Person_Primary: 
        Contact_Person: Mr. Patrick C. Caldwell
        Contact_Organization: NOAA/NESDIS/NODC/NCDDC
      Contact_Position: Hawaii/US Pacific Liaison
      Contact_Address: 
        Address_Type: mailing
        Address: 1000 Pope Road, MSB 316
        Address: Dept. of Oceanography
        Address: University of Hawaii at Manoa
        City: Honolulu
        State_or_Province: Hawaii
        Postal_Code: 96822
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: (808)-956-4105
      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (808) 956-2352
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: caldwell@hawaii.edu
      Hours_of_Service: 8 AM to 5 PM weekdays
      Contact_Instructions: check services@nodc.noaa.gov if not available
  Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
  Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
CoRIS: 
  CoRIS_ID: 20060815040626
  CoRIS_Children: None
  CoRIS_Beginning_Date: 20000204
  CoRIS_Ending_Date: 20020207
  CoRIS_Metadata_Link: http://www.coris.noaa.gov/metadata/records/txt/hcri_nodc_0002312_photogradrat_coral_analysis_hawaii_2002.txt
  CoRIS_Tracking_ID: 1423