CTD and hydrology bottle data from RV Franklin 10/94.
Cruise FR 10/94
Hydrographic Sections in the Southern Indian Ocean
(Great Australian Bight)

Cruise dates: 12 November 1994 to 5 December 1994

Principal Investigator: 

Professor Matthias Tomczak
Flinders Institute for Atmospheric and Marine Sciences (FIAMS)
Flinders University, Adelaide
Australia

General notes.
Anna Lebedev
FIAMS data manager
e-mail: anna@es.flinders.edu.au.

1. WOCE section name.

These sections were added to the WOCE section network on the initiative of M. Tomczak. 
They form a closed box from the Australian south coast along 120E to 48S, then along 48S to 
132E, then along 132E to the Australian south coast.
At the moment, these sections have no WOCE name/number, but I submitted the data files to
WOCE as WOCE section I11 on the suggestion of Dr. Tomczak.

2. Unit conversion.

Nitrate, silicate, phosphate, nitrite and bottle oxygen data have been converted 
from UMOL/L to UMOL/KG using the density calculated from P=0, T=17 C (lab temperature,
according to Dave Terhell (CSIRO)) and bottle salinity. If salinity was missing for
a particular bottle, the interpolated salinity was used for density calculations.

CTD dissolved oxygen data have been converted from UMOL/L to UMOL/KG using the density 
calculated from in-situ P,T and S.

To convert the data expressed in micromole/liter units to
micromole/kilogram units I divided the former data by the density as expressed in
kilograms/liter (same as gm/cm3).  

3. Additional parameters in the __.CTD files.

SDTEMP - Standard deviation of good temperature samples in the interval
SDCOND - Standard deviation of good conductivity samples in the interval

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CTD Processing Notes
Fr 10/94
Neil White
Co-Chief Scientist on the cruise
CSIRO Division of Oceanography, Hobart
Australia

This cruise is part of the Australian contribution to WOCE and consisted of three
deep sections in the southern Indian Ocean.

The cruise was carried out with CTD underwater unit number 2. There are 69 stations
numbered 1-69.

The data is of reasonably good quality, but problems with salinometers and sample bottles have
caused the salinity data to be less good than it ought to have been.

Of the three Yeokal salinometers on board (including one which had just returned from service)
not one was properly functional.  The most usable of the three salinometers had a broken
thermistor, so sample temperatures had to be taken manually using a DSRT!  While this apparently
gave good results, there were a number of stations for which the salinities appeared to be
anomalous - the salinities for a complete station would be different from the adjacent (and very
nearly equivalent) stations.  Uncalibrated CID data for these groups of stations suggested that ther
e
were no changes in water properties, so data from stations 8, 21, 35, 43, 61 and 65 were rejected
altogether.

The sampling bottles used were designed and constructed by CSIRO.  They were first trialled in
mid- 1993 and some of the major problems fixed, but there are still problems.  One bottle in
particular produced clearly anomalous readings for about 40% of its samples!  AR data for the two
worst bottles were rejected, but it is clear from the CTD calibration process that there were still
a
large number of bad samples.

These two factors combined to produce a salinity calibration that is not as good as I would like.

There are a small gaps in a few stations.  Some of these were introduced when salinity spikes
causing density inversions in the 2 decibar averages were removed.  There are four gaps of 2
decibars or so, however, which have no plausible explanation other than loss of data for a second
or so when the data was logged.  This is being investigated.  These gaps occur in regions of low
gradients, so should not cause any problems.  The largest gap of 10 decibars occurs near the
bottom of station 50 where some sediment or other matter fouled the conductivity cell.

Pressure calibration

Constants from the last laboratory calibration were used but a new offset term was calculated
for each station from the pressure of the first 'in water' data records.
These offsets range from 4.1 to 5.8 decibars.


Temperature calibration

Temperature calibration constants from the last laboratory calibration were used.


Conductivity calibration

Many groupings were tried and a large number of samples had to be thrown out because of the
sahnometer and sample bottle problems.  The best calibration seems to come from using the
groups: 1-9, 10-23, 24-46, 47-48, 49-62, 63-69.

The standard deviation of the salinity residuals is .0036 psu.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CTD Processing Report 
Dissolved Oxygen: Fr10/94. 
D.J. Vaudrey 
CSIRO Division of Oceanography, Hobart,
Australia

General. 
FrlO/94 was a WOCE Section south along 120 degrees E to 48 degrees S, east to 132 degrees 30' E and north to 
Port Lincoln. 69 stations where carried out. The automated Dissolved Oxygen titration system 
was used operationally for the first time. 
 
Grouping. 
1, 2 - 5, 6 - 15, 16 - 19, 20 - 27, 28 - 35, 36 - 42, 42 - 46, 47 - 56, 57 - 66, 67 - 69. 
 
Calibration. 
Mean residual over all stations = 0.074 UMOL/L (Not removed) 
Standard Deviation of residuals = 2.749 UMOL/L (Equiv. to 0.062 mL/L).
Using 1482 bottles out of 1556 possible. 
Deep (>750 m) SD = 2.070 UMOL/L (Equiv. to 0.046 mL/L) 
stn  bias    slope       pcor         tcor       tau          wt         sd group   #
  1  0.000 0.26109E+01 0.10270E-02-0.34255E-01 0.10069E+01 0.80000E+01 0.85498E-01   6
  2  0.000 0.21947E+01 0.14981E-03-0.28298E-01 0.69124E+00 0.80000E+01 0.19871E+00  64
  3  0.000 0.21947E+01 0.14981E-03-0.28298E-01 0.69124E+00 0.80000E+01 0.19871E+00  64
  4  0.000 0.21947E+01 0.14981E-03-0.2829SE-01 0.69124E+00 0.80000E+01 0.19871E+00  64
  5  0.000 0.21947E+01 0.14981E-03-0.28298E-01 0.69124E+00 0.80000E+01 0.19871E+00  64
  6  0.000 0.22475E+01 0.14050E-03-0.29379E-01 0.78079E+00 0.80000E+01 0.16233E+00 232
  7  0.000 0.22475E+01 0.14050E-03-0.29379E-01 0.78079E+00 0.80000E+01 0.16233E+00 232
  8  0.000 0.22475E+01 0.14050E-03-0.29379E-01 0.78079E+00 0.80000E+01 0.16233E+00 232
  9  0.000 0.22475E+01 0.14050E-03-0.29379E-01 0.78079E+00 0.80000E+01 0.16233E+00 232
 10  0.000 0.22475E+01 0.14050E-03-0.29379E-01 0.78079E+00 0.80000E+01 0.16233E+00 232
 11  0.000 0.22475E+01 0.14050E-03-0.29379E-01 0.78079E+00 0.80000E+01 0.16233E+00 232
 12  0.000 0.22475E+01 0.14050E-03-0.29379E-01 0.78079E+00 0.80000E+01 0.16233E+00 232
 13  0.000 0.22475E+01 0.14050E-03-0.29379E-01 0.78079E+00 0.80000E+01 0.16233E+00 232
 14  0.000 0.22475E+01 0.14050E-03-0.29379E-01 0.78079E+00 0.80000E+01 0.16233E+00 232
 15  0.000 0.22475E+01 0.14050E-03-0.29379E-01 0.78079E+00 0.80000E+01 0.16233E+00 232
 16  0.000 0.22948E+01 0.13580E-03-0.31430E-01 0.69381E+00 0.80000E+01 0.22940E+00  90
 17  0.000 0.22948E+01 0.13580E-03-0.31430E-01 0.69381E+00 0.80000E+01 0.22940E+00  90
 18  0.000 0.22948E+01 0.13580E-03-0.31430E-01 0.69381E+00 0.80000E+01 0.22940E+00  90
 19  0.000 0.22948E+01 0.13580E-03-0.31430E-01 0.69381E+00 0.80000E+01 0.22940E+00  90
 20  0.000 0.22798E+01 0.13690E-03-0.32340E-01 0.72528E+00 0.80000E+01 0.16303E+00 172
 21  0.000 0.22798E+01 0.13690E-03-0.32340E-01 0.72528E+00 0.80000E+01 0.16303E+00 172
 22  0.000 0.22798E+01 0.13690E-03-0.32340E-01 0.72528E+00 0.80000E+01 0.16303E+00 172
 23  0.000 0.22798E+01 0.13690E-03-0.32340E-01 0.72528E+00 0.80000E+01 0.16303E+00 172
 24  0.000 0.22798E+01 0.13690E-03-0.32340E-01 0.72528E+00 0.80000E+01 0.16303E+00 172
 25  0.000 0.22798E+01 0.13690E-03-0.32340E-01 0.72528E+00 0.80000E+01 0.16303E+00 172
 26  0.000 0.22798E+01 0.13690E-03-0.32340E-01 0.72528E+00 0.80000E+01 0.16303E+00 172
 27  0.000 0.22798E+01 0.13690E-03-0.32340E-01 0.72528E+00 0.80000E+0l 0.16303E+00 172
 28  0.000 0.22637E+01 0.13780E-03-O.32247E-01 0.61208E+00 0.800O0E+01 0.16420E+00 182
 29  0.000 0.22637E+01 0.13780E-03-0.32247E-01 0.61208E+00 0.80000E+01 0.16420E+00 182
 30  0.000 0.22637E+01 0.13780E-03-0.32247E-01 0.61208E+00 0.80000E+01 0.16420E+00 182
 31  0.000 0.22637E+01 0.13780E-03-0.32247E-01 0.61208E+00 0.80000E+01 0.16420E+00 182
 32  0.000 0.22637E+01 0.13780E-03-0.32247E-01 0.61208E+00 0.80000E+01 0.16420E+00 182
 33  0.000 0.22637E+01 0.13780E-03-0.32247E-01 0.61208E+00 0.80000E+01 0.16420E+00 182
 34  0.000 0.22637E+01 0.13780E-03-0.32247E-01 0.61208E+00 0.80000E+01 0.16420E+00 182
 35  0.000 0.22637E+01 0.13780E-03-0.32247E-01 0.61208E+00 0.80000E+01 0.16420E+00 182
 36  0.000 0.22501E+01 0.13929E-03-0.31104E-01 0.67462E+00 0.80000E+01 0.17951E+00 153
 37  0.000 0.22501E+01 0.13929E-03-0.31104E-01 0.67462E+00 0.80000E+01 0.17951E+00 153
 38  0.000 0.22501E+01 0.13929E-03-0.31104E-01 0.67462E+00 0.80000E+01 0.17951E+00 153
 39  0.000 0.22501E+01 0.13929E-03-0.31104E-01 0.67462E+00 0.80000E+01 0.17951E+00 153
 40  0.000 0.22501E+01 0.13929E-03-0.31104E-01 0.67462E+00 0.80000E+01 0.17951E+00 153
 41  0.000 0.22501E+01 0.13929E-03-0.31104E-01 0.67462E+00 0.80000E+01 0.17951E+00 153
 42  0.000 0.22501E+01 0.13929E-03-0.31104E-01 0.67462E+00 0.80000E+01 0.17951E+00 153
 43  0.000 0.22911E+01 0.13617E-03-0.32114E-01 0.50202E+00 0.80000E+01 0.19046E+00  90
 44  0.000 0.22911E+01 0.13617E-03-0.32114E-01 0.50202E+00 0.80000E+01 0.19046E+00  90
 45  0.000 0.22911E+01 0.13617E-03-0.32114E-01 0.50202E+00 0.80000E+01 0.19046E+00  90
 46  0.000 0.22911E+01 0.13617E-03-0.32114E-01 0.50202E+00 0.80000E+01 0.19046E+00  90
 47  0.000 0.22726E+01 0.13752E-03-0.31138E-01 0.66418E+00 0.80000E+01 0.16197E+00 235
 48  0.000 0.22726E+01 0.13752E-03-0.31138E-01 0.66418E+00 0.80000E+01 0.16197E+00 235
 49  0.000 0.22726E+01 0.13752E-03-0.31138E-01 0.66418E+00 0.80000E+01 0.16197E+00 235
 50  0.000 0.22726E+01 0.13752E-03-0.31138E-01 0.66418E+00 0.80000E+01 0.16197E+00 235
 51  0.000 0.22726E+01 0.13752E-03-0.31138E-01 0.66418E+00 0.80000E+01 0.16197E+00 235
 52  0.000 0.22726E+01 0.13752E-03-0.31138E-01 0.66418E+00 0.80000E+01 0.16197E+00 235
 53  0.000 0.22726E+01 0.13752E-03-0.3113SE-01 0.66418E+00 0.80000E+01 0.16197E+00 235
 54  0.000 0.22726E+01 0.13752E-03-0.31138E-01 0.66418E+00 0.80000E+01 0.16197E+00 235
 55  0.000 0.22726E+01 0.13752E-03-0.31138E-01 0.66418E+00 0.80000E+01 0.16197E+00 235
 56  0.000 0.22726E+01 0.13752E-03-0.31138E-01 0.66418E+00 0.80000E+01 0.16197E+00 235
 57  0.000 0.22671E+01 0.13777E-03-0.29564E-01 0.75438E+00 0.80000E+01 0.17163E+00 231
 58  0.000 0.22671E+01 0.13777E-03-0.29564E-01 0.75438E+00 0.80000E+01 0.17163E+00 231
 59  0.000 0.22671E+01 0.13777E-03-0.29564E-01 0.75438E+00 0.80000E+01 0.17183E+00 231
 60  0.000 0.22671E+01 0.13777E-03-0.29564E-01 0.75438E+00 0.80000E+01 0.17163E+00 231
 61  0.000 0.22671E+01 0.13777E-03-0.29564E-01 0.75438E+00 0.80000E+01 0.17163E+00 231
 62  0.000 0.22671E+01 0.13777E-03-0.29564E-01 0.75438E+00 0.80000E+01 0.17163E+00 231
 63  0.000 0.22671E+01 0.13777P-03-0.29564E-01 0.75438E+00 0.80000E+01 0.17163E+00 231
 64  0.000 0.22671E+01 0.13777E-03-0.29564E-01 0.75438E+00 0.80000E+01 0.17163E+00 231
 65  0.000 0.22671E+01 0.13777E-03-0.29564E-01 0.75438E+00 0.80000E+01 0.17163E+00 231
 66  0.000 0.22671E+01 0.13777E-03-0.29564E-01 0.75438E+00 0.80000E+01 0.17163E+00 231
 67  0.000 0.23767E+01 0.91876E-04-0.30855E-01 0.83919E+00 0.80000E+01 0.12381E+00  38
 68  0.000 0.23767E+01 0.91876E-04-0.30855E-01 0.83919E+00 0.80000E+01 0.12381E+00  38
 69  0.000 0.23767E+01 0.91876E-04-0.30855E-01 0.83919E+00 0.80000E+01 0.12381E+00  38