Bureau of Justice Assistance Annual Report -- Fiscal Year 1995.

Series: BJA Annual Report
Published: October 1996
35 pages
70,568 bytes

U.S Department of Justice
Office of Justice Programs
Bureau of Justice Assistance

Bureau of Justice Assistance Annual Report -- Fiscal Year 1995

-------------------------------

NOTE: Tables and figures are not included in this ASCII plain-
text file. To view the file in its entirety, download the Adobe
Acrobat version or order the hard copy.

-------------------------------

To the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the President
pro tempore of the Senate:

Pursuant to The Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of
1968 as amended by The Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988 (Public Law
100-690) in accordance with Section 522, I am pleased to transmit
the Bureau of Justice Assistance Annual Report for Fiscal Year
1995.

Respectfully submitted,

Nancy E. Gist
Director
Bureau of Justice Assistance

Washington, DC
October 1996

-------------------------------

Table of Contents

From the Director

About the Bureau of Justice Assistance

Crime Prevention Initiatives

Comprehensive Communities Program: Partnership Initiatives To
Prevent Violent Crime and Reduce Illegal Drugs 

Byrne-Funded Law Enforcement Initiatives Show Dramatic Results

Improving the Functioning of the Criminal Justice System

Corrections Options: Making Best Use of Scarce Resources

Systems Improvement: Using Technology To Fight Crime

Program Evaluation, Technical Assistance, and Training: Using
Promising Programs To Fight Crime

BJA Program Planning: From "Needs Assessment" to "Performance
Indicators"

BJA Special Programs: Assistance for Public Safety Officers'
Survivors, Emergency Situations, Prison Industries, and
Information Sharing

 Public Safety Officers' Benefits (PSOB) Program

 Federal Real Surplus Property Transfer Program

 Prison Industry Enhancement (PIE) Program

 Emergency Federal Law Enforcement Assistance (EFLEA) Program

 State Criminal Alien Assistance Program (SCAAP)

 Regional Information Sharing Systems (RISS) Program

BJA Legislative Purpose Areas

1995 BJA-Funded Publications

Internet Page

-------------------------------

From the Director

With more than 500 experienced and dedicated criminal justice
practitioners in attendance representing our States and
Territories, we brought 1995 to a close celebrating BJA's 10th
anniversary at our national conference in Atlanta, Georgia.

For 3 days in more than 25 workshops and plenary sessions, our
Federal, State, and local colleagues evaluated and debated the
changes, challenges, and choices facing the criminal justice
system as we approach the year 2000.

Has a decade of BJA initiatives, demonstrations, expertise,
technical assistance, and support made a difference in preventing
and reducing crime and illegal drug use?

In 1993, violent crime began to decrease for the first time in a
decade and, according to the most recent statistics, this trend
continued through the first half of 1995.

During 1995, BJA administered $2.5 billion supporting almost
8,500 active and ongoing programs--in crime prevention, law
enforcement, adjudication, corrections options, technology
improvements, comprehensive programs, and forensic sciences. And
over the course of 10 years, BJA has disbursed 
approximately $4.2 billion to fight crime and illegal drugs.

BJA works to ensure that these funds are well spent and
responsibly managed on behalf of the public and that these
dollars have an impact on the criminal justice system. BJA
support for task forces underscores this point. For example, in
Fiscal Year (FY) 1995, the States invested the largest percentage
of funds awarded from BJA's Edward Byrne Formula Grant Program--
approximately 41 percent or $185 million--in multijurisdictional
drug and violent crime task forces and other law enforcement
related projects.

When analyzing the "performance output measures" reported to us
by just 44 States, we found that the return on the $185 million
investment was an estimated $73 billion in seized cocaine,
marijuana, and destroyed marijuana plants.

In other words, for every dollar of Byrne Formula Program funds
invested in fighting drug trafficking, State and local
enforcement and interdiction efforts prevented more than $400 in
illegal drugs from reaching the neighborhoods of America. In
addition, 337,900 offenders were arrested, and 75,000 firearms
and weapons were seized and destroyed. The weapons seized from
criminal offenders mean that those weapons can no longer be used
to intimidate, hurt, or kill.

In a recent study of Byrne-funded projects, we found that 73
percent of these projects that were designed, eligible, and
intended to continue, were still running 3 to 4 years after
Federal funding ceased, meaning the States picked up the cost of
the pilot projects started with Byrne funds.

But numbers and dollar amounts do not tell the entire story. 

Attorney General Janet Reno, keynote speaker at our national
conference, put some of BJA's accomplishments in perspective:

"It was BJA that helped kick drug courts off and helped to make
people understand that drug courts could make a difference.

It was BJA that helped make this Nation aware of what can be done
about domestic violence.

It was BJA that helped this Nation understand how effective
community policing could be."

It is not enough to rest on our past accomplishments. As we
approach the year 2000, the changes, choices, and challenges that
face the criminal justice system and BJA are more critical than
ever before. How we respond also will make a difference.

New threats take the form of increased domestic violence, a
dramatic rise in the number of violent youth offenders, new
surges in drug use and firearms trafficking, overcrowded prisons,
an escalation in crimes against children and the elderly, the
increasing burden placed by illegal criminal aliens on State and
local criminal justice and correctional systems, and the
expanding use of technology to commit crimes in cyberspace.

To counter these threats, last year BJA intensified our
commitment to comprehensive planning that marshals the
coordinated efforts of communities; the private sector; and
Federal, State, and local governments against drug abuse and
violent crime.

We increased our support for initiatives such as TRIAD Programs,
which are partnerships to protect senior citizens against fraud,
crime, and abuse; tribal court improvement; illegal gun
trafficking programs; and youth handgun violence reduction plans.

And we have sought to leverage private corporate and foundation
funds with Federal awards to add impact to community programs.
It is my hope as I continue to meet criminal justice
practitioners from around the country that we can increase and
expand the power of the partnerships we have built, and that we
can continue to think and plan strategically with communities for
a safer America.

Nancy E. Gist
Director

------------------------------

About the Bureau of Justice Assistance

The Bureau of Justice Assistance (BJA) is a funding source for
grants to State and local law enforcement agencies. In addition
to funding crime prevention and drug control projects, BJA
provides training, technical assistance, evaluation, and
comprehensive strategic planning.

Mission Statement: To provide leadership and assistance in
support of local criminal justice strategies to achieve safe
communities.

Goals: To promote effective, innovative crime prevention and drug
control strategies. . . .To demonstrate and promote replication
of effective crime control programs that support public/private
partnerships, planning, and criminal justice system improvement.
. . .To leverage and efficiently administer available resources.

Scale and Scope: In FY 1995 BJA managed $2.5 billion in active
grants representing almost 8,500 projects in the 50 States and 6
Territories. These figures represent both new and continuing
grant awards.

Funding Mandate: The Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988 (42 U.S.C. 3750)
established the Edward Byrne Memorial State and Local Law
Enforcement Assistance Program. Under this authorization,
Congress appropriates funds to BJA for awards to the States to
implement violent crime control and illegal drug reduction
strategies. Other BJA discretionary awards are made for
innovative programs such as the Tribal Strategies Against
Violence, Firearms Trafficking, and a Comprehensive Homicide
Initiative. Earmarked funds are used for special programs such as
Operation Weed and Seed, National Crime Prevention Council
Campaigns (McGruff, The Crime Dog), and Drug Abuse Resistance
Education (D.A.R.E.). BJA also administers line item
appropriations for national programs such as the Regional
Information Sharing System Program and the Public Safety
Officers' Benefits Program.

A special Crime Act Support Division was established to assist 
in the implementation of the President's 1994 Crime Act. The
Division supports the Violence Against Women Program, Drug Court
Program, and Corrections Program.

Programming Principles: The Bureau develops programs that are
comprehensive in nature and promote partnerships to support local
strategic planning and implementation. . . .The Bureau leverages
resources by encouraging our applicants to support their proposed
initiatives with their own or other resources.  

Focus of Investment: The Bureau expects, measures, and reports
results in the following broad areas of award investment:
comprehensive programs, crime prevention, law enforcement,
adjudication, corrections options, evaluation, systems
improvement, and information dissemination. The following
chapters and financial information give a detailed picture of BJA
initiatives, program results, planning, and evaluation 
for FY 1995. 

-------------------------------

Crime Prevention Initiatives

"The problems of crime and violence cannot be solved just by the
government and the family. They have to be solved not just by
punishment, but by, more importantly, prevention. They have to be
solved not just by police, but by schools and police. Not just by
public sector, but by private sector as well. "

--Attorney General Janet Reno
Atlanta, Georgia
BJA Annual Conference, 1995

More than a decade ago, BJA began supporting a new concept 
in crime prevention: programs that were based on coalitions
between law enforcement and community residents. Today, these
partnerships against crime have expanded to include Federal,
State, and local governments; the private and public sectors;
schools; and civic and religious organizations. BJA's crime
prevention programs are now mature, effective, and helping to
keep our youth drug free and jail free.

BJA's crime prevention in the form of education of the young has
also been widespread. These programs seek to prevent drug abuse
among school children and help them develop anti-gang and
anti-violence techniques. For example, the National D.A.R.E.
Program has trained more than 93,000 community-based law
enforcement officers throughout the country since 1989. Also
since 1989, D.A.R.E. officers have taught prevention classes to
more than 29 million fifth grade school children. In FY 1995,
approximately 23,000 law enforcement officers taught D.A.R.E. in
70 percent of all school districts in the country to more than 8
million fifth grade students. The curriculum is designed to be
taught to children from kindergarten through 12th grade. There is
also a special education and a parent component. BJA's FY 1995
Byrne Discretionary Program funds provided $1.75 million to
support five regional D.A.R.E. training centers located in North
Carolina, Virginia, Illinois, Arizona, and California.

Another nationally acclaimed prevention education program,
featuring McGruff the Crime Dog, was again supported with BJA
Byrne Discretionary funds of $3 million in FY 1995. This
campaign, developed by the National Citizens' Crime Prevention
Council, has a 97-percent awareness with children; has targeted
seniors and tourists with crime prevention education; and has
been supported by BJA since 1984. 

BJA has also worked to help protect the Nation's senior
population from crime. In FY 1995, BJA funded TRIAD programs with
$200,000. There are now 300 TRIAD communities throughout the
United States. TRIAD is a cooperative crime prevention program
sponsored by the American Association of Retired Persons, the
International Association of Chiefs of Police, and the National
Sheriffs' Association.

"National Night Out," sponsored by The National Association of
Town Watch, again was supported with BJA funds of $200,000. In
1995, a record 27 million people took part in this year-long
crime and drug prevention campaign, including Attorney General
Janet Reno.

During 1995, a unique partnership with private nonprofit
foundations was formed with the announcement of a $1 million
award to the National Funding Collaborative for Violence
Prevention. Twelve cities will develop plans focusing on local
violence prevention issues from adolescence to the aged.

More than $27 million of BJA funds was invested in crime
prevention initiatives by the States for FY 1995. In addition to
continuing programs, new initiatives included:

Florida's S.A.F.E. Program for latchkey children was designed to
support and educate children ages 10 to 14 whose parents are out
of the home. Also, from FY 1991 through FY 1995, more than
369,000 children received D.A.R.E. instruction. 

In Kansas, 269 HOPE programs were offered in 22 schools, and more
than 5,000 students participated. Prevention officers indicate a
50-percent reduction in juvenile offenses. 

Colorado awarded $1,274,483 in BJA Byrne Formula funds to support
30 projects in the area of community crime prevention. Through
these programs, 178,524 citizen contacts were made; a local
police officer has become an expert on issues relating to the
elderly; more than 100 blocks were organized in four Neighbor to
Neighbor communities; and more than 1,800 households have
completed citizen surveys identifying issues of importance and
concern. In addition, the Denver Juvenile Curfew Project
developed in one year's time a fully functioning program that
processed 3,000 youth, resulting in a 30-percent decrease in
juvenile crime suspects. Newsletter and Storefront programs in
conjunction with the Broomfield Police Department now have more
than 6,000 seniors learning TRIAD crime prevention techniques. 

Georgia awarded $1,153,300 in BJA Byrne Formula funds to support
65 drug and violent crime prevention projects. With this funding
Georgia has educated 399,855 youth in the dangers associated with
drug abuse though the D.A.R.E. program. Through the School
Resource Officer program, more than 19,200 students were in
contact with a uniformed police officer who served as a role
model, taught students about the law, and dissuaded criminal
activity. The WAVE program educated 1,700 young people about the
dangers associated with gangs.

Idaho's D.A.R.E. program reached 80,798 students in kindergarten
through the 12th grade in 159 cities and towns throughout the
State.

In Indiana, 159,000 students received D.A.R.E. instruction given
by 132 law enforcement agencies.

In Michigan, 1,675 drug houses were closed as a result of
street-level and community crime prevention projects supported by
BJA. Of the State's 83 counties, 82 sponsored the D.A.R.E.
program through the BJA Byrne Formula Grant Program. A total of
469 officers and instructors were able to reach 1,521 schools
teaching more than 130,000 elementary students, 8,705 junior high
students, and 3,887 senior high students. Approximately 150,000
core curriculum workbooks were distributed to D.A.R.E. officers
as a result of a working relationship between the Michigan State
Police and the Michigan National Guard. 

New Jersey used BJA Byrne Formula funds to hire a community
policing specialist to assist the municipal police departments in
developing effective community policing strategies and
problem-solving techniques. Also, more than 400 officers received
4-day training programs on the fundamentals of community
policing. 

-------------------------------

Comprehensive Communities Program: Partnership Initiatives To
Prevent Violent Crime and Reduce Illegal Drugs

"There are wonderful partnerships being built across this country
between Federal, State, and local governments, between public and
private sector, between the citizens themselves, and key to any
partnership that is going to make a difference is the involvement
of citizens. We, as we develop partnerships, must continue to try
to involve the citizens we serve in every possible way we can.
They have a wealth of knowledge, a wealth of understanding that
is so critical to the solutions and the problems we face."

--Attorney General Janet Reno
Atlanta, Georgia
BJA Annual Conference, 1995

With more cops on the beat and greater community involvement,
there has been a 27-percent reduction in major crimes over the
last 2 years in New York City. Homicides were down 39 percent.
The number of shooting victims has declined 36 percent. Robberies
are down 30 percent; burglaries, 25 percent; auto theft, 35
percent; and assaults, 14 percent. 

At the core of these dramatic decreases, which are replicated
across the country, is a commitment to reduce crime and violence
by initiating comprehensive planning and improving
intergovernmental relationships, with greater citizen
involvement. BJA supports the concept that law enforcement should
work with community resources in a crime-fighting partnership.

For FY 1995, BJA funded its Comprehensive Community Program (CCP)
in 16 cities with Byrne Discretionary Grants and other funds from
the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention and the
Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS) Office, for a total
of $31 million.

A main component of CCP is community policing. As part of the
1994 Crime Bill, 100,000 new officers are to be hired, many of
whom will support CCP efforts. 

Specific FY 1995 CCP funding amounts now in effect in 16 cities
are: jurisdiction-wide community policing ($16 million);
community mobilization/prevention ($2.15 million); nonviolent
dispute resolution ($838,000); Boys and Girls Clubs demonstration
($800,000); comprehensive gang initiative ($1.77 million);
community prosecution ($2.15 million); community-based
alternatives to incarceration ($2.98 million); drug courts ($2.4
million); and future program planning ($2 million).

Early highlights from FY 1995 CCP demonstration cities follow:

Atlanta, Georgia: Six Neighborhood Leadership Institutes are
training residents to mobilize against crime.

Baltimore, Maryland: Eighteen communities are implementing
comprehensive strategies. One pilot CCP neighborhood reports a
52-percent drop in incidents of crime.

Boston, Massachusetts: More than 400 police and communities have
mobilized to engage in strategic planning. Violent crime in
Boston is down 10 percent, as compared with 1994.

Denver, Colorado: Eighty minigrants have been made to
neighborhood/law enforcement partnerships to carry out crime
issue problem-solving.

East Bay, California: A drug court, a police/citizen youth
academy, and an urban gang initiative are being implemented.

Fort Worth, Texas: City funds have been acquired to implement
aspects of the Gang Intervention Program.

Hartford, Connecticut: Seventeen neighborhoods have organized
problem-solving committees to fight local crime. 

Omaha, Nebraska: An innovative teen court has been established to
permit peer involvement in sentencing youth convicted of
misdemeanors and minor felonies to alternative forms of
incarceration, including community service.

Phoenix, Arizona: The Boys and Girls Club of Greater Phoenix has
conducted its first in a series of training sessions dealing with
nonviolent dispute resolution.

Salt Lake City, Utah: Mobile watch has been implemented, with
more than 600 residents participating; some crimes have been
reduced by 50 percent in organized neighborhoods; 3,000 block
leaders have been identified and trained; and 100 youth are
enrolled in the Job Placement Mentoring Program.

Seattle, Washington: The train-the-trainers community policing
format will reach all 2,000 law enforcement personnel in the
city. 

Wichita, Kansas: Fifty-six defendants have been diverted into
drug court, 5 police officers have been hired to start a 7th
community policing target area, and 50 community leaders have
combined to support truces in gang violence.

Wilmington, Delaware: Fifty meetings were held to inform citizens
of CCP.

Each of the CCP sites is encouraged to coordinate with and
complement other comprehensive Federal, State, and local efforts.
For example, the CCP strategies for Atlanta, Denver, Omaha, and
Washington, D.C., are tailored specifically to support the
Pulling America's Communities Together (PACT) initiative in those
jurisdictions. In addition, several of the sites have included in
their local strategies enhancement to or expansion of Operation
Weed and Seed efforts in selected target neighborhoods.

-------------------------------

Byrne-Funded Law Enforcement Initiatives Show Dramatic Results

"Even with the general reduction in much of the violence, with
some success in the drug area, with the partnerships we are
building, there are still some very, very dangerous signals that
we all must focus on if we want to move forward in our efforts to
do something about crime in this Nation."

--Attorney General Janet Reno
Atlanta, Georgia
BJA Annual Conference, 1995

Nationwide, the overall rate of violent crime has declined for 3
consecutive years and the first 6 months of 1995, according to
the latest FBI figures; yet illegal drug use has continued to
climb. The primary vehicle for coordinating Federal, State, and
local crime and drug enforcement efforts is the
multijurisdictional task force. In 1995, 44 States funded 731
task forces using $153,831,662 in Byrne Formula Grant Program
funds. When combined with other law enforcement and prosecution
efforts, the States and U.S. Territories used $185 million in FY
1995 Byrne Formula Program funds to conduct more than 950
projects and operations against crime and illegal drugs.

With 44 States reporting, the following accomplishments are just
some of the results of Byrne Formula Program law enforcement
activities in FY 95: 337,900 offenders arrested; 75,000 weapons,
39,076 kilos (43 tons) of cocaine, and 177,259 kilos (195 tons)
of marijuana seized; and 36,116,000 marijuana plants destroyed.

In FY 1995, Byrne Formula-funded law enforcement and prosecution
operations also seized $57,622,000 in currency and obtained
$37,419,569 in forfeitures of drug-related assets and currency.
The estimated value of the seized cocaine and marijuana,
including the marijuana plants destroyed, is $73 billion.

For every dollar of Byrne Formula Program funds invested in
fighting drug trafficking, more than $400 in illegal drugs were
diverted before they could reach the neighborhoods of America.

Some examples of Byrne-funded State and local efforts include:

In Louisiana, 43 multijurisdictional drug and violent crime task
forces and other law enforcement operations using BJA Byrne
Formula funds made 10,818 arrests, confiscated 342 firearms,
seized 1,014 pounds of powder and crack cocaine plus 21,696
pounds of cannabis. Task forces also seized $2,157,099 in
drug-related currency, forfeited $1,911,916 in assets, and
forfeited $1,757,788 in currency. 

California, using BJA Byrne Formula funds, supported 51
multijurisdictional task forces. As a result of this funding,
183,160 arrests were made, 69,047 firearms were seized, and
38,078 pounds of powder and crack cocaine and 18,009 pounds of
cannabis were confiscated. A total of 730,204 marijuana plants
were eradicated, $15,407,875 in currency was seized, and
$2,778,501 in assets were forfeited. Also to be noted is the
success of the Combined Rural and City Narcotic Enforcement Team
(CRACNET) in an investigation that dismantled one of the largest
heroin distribution organizations in the Central Valley and
Oakland/East Bay area.

BJA Byrne Discretionary Program funds were also made available
for specific initiatives showing dramatic results and for new
approaches in counteracting violent crimes and drug abuse. 
For example:

The Comprehensive Homicide Initiative addresses the underlying
causes of homicide, including gang violence, domestic violence,
drug-related violence, and gun availability. In FY 1995, the
cities of Richmond, California, and Richmond, Virginia, were
selected to receive planning grants to develop and implement
their own strategies based on 39 recommendations assembled by the
International Association of Chiefs of Police in its "Murder in
America" report. 

The Firearms Trafficking Program initiated by BJA in 1993
continues to help State and local governments reduce incidents of
violence by reducing the availability of and trafficking in
illegal firearms. This program contains several components which
preliminary results indicated have been effective or promising:
The Firearms Licensee Compliance Program enhances the ability of
State and local law enforcement agencies to conduct more complete
and comprehensive background investigations on applicants for new
or renewed Federal firearms licenses. It also helps law
enforcement agencies determine whether applicants are in
compliance with State, local, and Federal licensing requirements.
In FY 1995, BJA funded two demonstration sites: New York City and
the multicity program in Oakland, Richmond, and Berkeley,
California. In New York City, there was a reduction of 340
applications for new Federal firearms licenses, a 96.4-percent
decrease from FY 1994 to FY 1995. In Oakland, there were 
87.7-percent fewer applications by Federal firearm licensees in
FY 1995 as compared to FY 1994. Thus, these cities ensured that
Federal firearms licensees had met the requirement of Federal 
and State laws.

The Firearms Investigative Task Force Program is designed to
identify, target, investigate, and prosecute individuals and to
dismantle organizations involved in the illegal use, sale, or
acquisition of firearms in violation of Federal and/or State
firearms laws. The five states implementing the program are
Virginia, West Virginia, Georgia, Indiana, and North Carolina.
Reports from FY 1995 show 525 arrests and 407 illegal firearms
seized.

The Innovative Firearms Program assists State and local
jurisdictions in developing and implementing innovative or
enhanced projects designed to control illicit firearms
trafficking. 

The Prison Gang Intelligence System Program was established in FY
1995 to help counter criminal activity by organized gangs in
State and Federal prisons and their control over the criminal
activity of street gangs outside of prison. This program includes
a national prison gang intelligence repository and an
information-sharing system to help corrections and law
enforcement agencies investigate and prosecute criminal gang
activity.

In FY 1995, BJA began the Gang Organized Crime Narcotics (OCN)
Enforcement Program to provide coordinated, multiagency law
enforcement and prosecution agencies with strategies and
techniques to dismantle criminal street gangs trafficking in
illegal drugs and firearms. The program also uses the Racketeer
Influenced and Corrupt Organizations (RICO) and Continuing
Criminal Enterprise (CCE) Acts and other State and Federal laws
in a concentrated effort to focus exclusively on one gang at a
time. The demonstration sites are Portland, Oregon, and
Albuquerque, New Mexico.

The Clandestine Laboratory Model Enforcement Training Program
assists State and local law enforcement agencies in developing
policies, procedures, and programs to address the substantial
environmental, safety, and health threats associated with illegal
drug laboratories. Such threats include armed drug traffickers,
booby-trapped premises, and contamination from exposure to toxic
chemicals. The clandestine lab, because it is a hazardous waste
site, requires exacting and careful cleanup procedures. In FY
1995, 11 training sessions were conducted for nearly 400 State
and local law enforcement officers.

The Clandestine Drug Laboratory Safety Certification Program,
funded in part by BJA, enables the U.S. Drug Enforcement
Administration (DEA) to train State and local law enforcement
officers to investigate and raid clandestine lab sites, including
the handling of toxic chemicals found in the labs. In FY 1995,
BJA Byrne Discretionary funds were used to conduct 5 training
sessions across the country that resulted in more than 100 law
enforcement officers now certified to lead their agencies safely
through the dangerous task of dismantling illegal drug labs.

The Statewide Intelligence Sharing Program was continued in FY
1995 to demonstrate ways in which intelligence information on
multijurisdictional criminal conspiracies can be collected and
exchanged on a statewide basis to support investigations and
prosecutions. The program is also designed to demonstrate the
effectiveness of shared management decisionmaking among State and
local law enforcement agencies. The four demonstration projects
are in the Office of the Attorney General of North Dakota, the
Wisconsin Department of Justice, the Tennessee Bureau of
Investigation, and the Connecticut State Police. When fully
implemented, these projects have the potential of serving nearly
1,000 agencies and approximately 32,000 local (municipal and
county), State, and Federal law enforcement officers 
in the four combined States.

Through the Training and Technical Assistance to Rural Areas
Program, the Rural Justice Center at the University of Arkansas,
Little Rock, assists rural areas in the development of approaches
and strategies that address the rising rates of crime, drug
abuse, and violence. The Program also provides technical
assistance and training related to such issues as prevention,
intervention, law enforcement, prosecution, courts, corrections,
and treatment.

-------------------------------

Improving the Functioning of the Criminal Justice System 

"It makes no sense to arrest somebody for possession of a small
amount of cocaine, recognize that they are a first offender, send
them to court, after they have served no time in the jail, and
have the court give them credit time served because the courts'
calendars are totally overwhelmed and they cannot get to it in
the course of the calendar. Far better to put them in a drug
court, use a carrot-and-stick approach, make sure there is sound
treatment, follow through, and that if they do not follow through
and if they do not remain drug free, they face an appropriate
firm sanction from a supervising judge."

--Attorney General Janet Reno
Atlanta, Georgia
BJA Annual Conference, 1995

In 1975, 6,000 felony cases were filed in the Criminal Division
of the Circuit Court, Cook County, Illinois. By 1989, 28,000
felony cases were filed. The great increase was the result of the
growing surge in narcotics arrests. The caseload-to-judge ratio
was an unwieldy 500 to 1.

Public defenders in Florida have reported that their caseloads
doubled from 150 to 300 per year, plus 50 appeals. Most of the
increase stems from drug-related offenses.

In 1994, U.S. residents 12 years of age and older experienced
approximately 42.4 million crimes. Thirty-one million were
victims of property crimes; 10.9 million, victims of violent
crimes; and 0.5 million, victims of personal thefts. By the end
of June 1995, more than 1.58 million offenders were adjudicated
and sentenced to be incarcerated in the Nation's jails and
prisons.

BJA has been at the forefront in helping the criminal justice
system become more efficient and productive through innovative
programs such as drug courts, court care, standards reform, and
differentiated case management. 

In many districts, these BJA-supported programs have helped ease
the caseloads and streamline the process of justice. 

During 1995, $12.8 million in BJA Byrne Formula funds were
awarded for court programs improvement.

Additional discretionary funds were awarded for innovative
programs, such as adjudication partnerships ($250,000) to foster
better coordinated efforts among all the components of the
criminal justice system; improving the interaction among State,
tribal, and Federal courts ($200,000); health care fraud
investigation and prosecution ($850,000); and drug-related legal
education for judges ($100,000). 

California's Los Angeles Early Disposition Project has eliminated
severe court congestion by attaining the maximum number of felony
dispositions at the earliest stages. For 1994 and 1995, 5,032
certified pleas resulted in a total savings of almost $19 million
in fewer court days and jail beds as well as less overtime for
police officers.

More than 2,000 court hours were saved in Hawaii through the use
of video hearings. This BJA-supported program will be replicated
in many rural jurisdictions, saving time, travel, and making the
scheduling of witnesses more efficient.

A BJA Byrne Formula Grant to New Jersey resulted in a dramatic
reduction in court system delays. Essex County reported a
43-percent reduction in preindictment caseload and backlog and 12
percent for postindictment. This court program initiative was
cited by the Justice Management Institute as "...one of the most
dramatic improvements in the handling of serious criminal cases
that has taken place anywhere in the U.S. in the past 30 years."

Colorado: More than 1,800 felony drug cases, representing 35
percent of all felony cases being filed in Denver District Court,
were diverted from other courtrooms to the city's BJA-funded drug
court for processing. The average time between arrest and
disposition was reduced from 165 days to 90 days.

Iowa: With a BJA grant to the State public defender's office, 6
of 12 regional offices were automated, resulting in the handling
of 3,000 more cases than in the previous year.

Minnesota: BJA funds were used to support a fast-track program
that expedites targeted drug-related offenders through the court
system within approximately 45 days of their first appearance.

Nebraska: BJA funds were used to improve the State's indigent
defense system.

-------------------------------

Corrections Options: Making Best Use of Scarce Resources

"We have got to make sure that we provide the treatment in the
institutions and that it is treatment designed and tailored to
the problem, whether it be drug treatment and/or alcohol
treatment. We have got to make sure that we address that person.
But not only that person, that person and his or her family and
see what we can do to give them the tools as they leave prison to
be better equipped to deal with the problems. We have to engage
in the aftercare debate because we have a whole group of young
men and an increasing number of young women in the age group of
18 to 30 who are going to continue to commit crimes unless we
develop aftercare programs."

--Attorney General Janet Reno
Atlanta, Georgia
BJA Annual Conference, 1995

According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, by the end of June
1995, there were 1,587,791 men and women incarcerated in the
Nation's prisons and jails. State prison populations grew by 9.1
percent and Federal prison populations by 6.1 percent--the
equivalent of 1,719 new prison beds every week.

BJA has been committed to funding innovative programs that take
the pressure off prison crowding through alternative methods of
handling nonviolent and first-time offenders. 

The California Department of Corrections is the largest
correctional agency in the Nation. It houses more than 121,000
inmates and supervises more than 85,000 parolees. A recent survey
by the California Department of Corrections found that 78 percent
of all new admissions had histories of drug abuse.

Working with California State agencies, BJA Byrne Formula Funds
were used to develop and support the Continuity of Care Project.
This is a treatment program in which medium-security inmates
would serve their last year of incarceration in a therapeutic
community setting.

Other BJA-supported programs such as the Iowa Statewide Substance
Abuse Program Coordination in Corrections, the Delaware Mentor
Program, and Oregon's Turning Point Alcohol and Drug Program have
shown that treatment can reduce the percent of recidivism in drug
offenders. 

Florida invested $8.2 million in BJA funds on 46 programs dealing
with correctional and community-based treatment for 15,000
offenders during FY 1995.

St. Joseph County public defender's office in Indiana used BJA
funds for an alternative sentencing project. Twenty-seven
nonviolent adult offenders participated in treatment and
community restitution instead of incarceration, saving the county
approximately $19,000 per person in corrections costs. 

Boot camps are another correctional option supported by BJA
funds. The concept is designed to incarcerate nonviolent, less
serious juvenile offenders in a militarily disciplined
environment rather than in traditional prisons with hard-core
inmates. Upon completion of boot camp, a graduate has learned
educational and employment skills; has undergone drug or
substance abuse treatment; and, through rigorous physical
training, has regained self-esteem, discipline, and
rehabilitative qualities while serving a reduced sentence. An
aftercare component is an important part of the program. It
focuses on finding employment and continued counseling for the
boot camp graduate.

The Colorado Department of Corrections established a Therapeutic
Community within the State prison to provide long-term treatment
to sex offenders and substance abusers.

In FY 1995, BJA's Correctional Options Program received a
congressional line-item appropriation of $12 million. This
three-part program authorizes demonstration grants to public
agencies for projects that provide both alternatives to
traditional modes of incarceration and offender release programs;
grants to private nonprofit organizations to provide training and
technical assistance; and grants to public agencies to establish,
operate, and support correctional boot camps.

-------------------------------

Systems Improvement: Using Technology To Fight Crime

"We have got to join together in a partnership between Federal,
State, and local governments, between local police, to develop
the capacity on the part of all law enforcement to deal with
those sophisticated criminals that will use the automation of
tomorrow to damage so much of what we love."

--Attorney General Janet Reno
Atlanta, Georgia
BJA Annual Conference, 1995

Tracking criminal activity through technology is a major BJA
priority. For FY 1995, BJA invested $14.5 million in updating the
Regional Information Sharing Systems (RISS) Program. The RISS
Program is the only multijurisdictional criminal intelligence
system operated by and for State and local law enforcement
agencies. It now serves more than 4,500 Federal, State, and local
law enforcement agencies in the 50 States, the District of
Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the Canadian Provinces. More than 600
Federal agencies and offices are included. To date, regional RISS
projects have helped make more than 66,000 arrests and seize more
than $11 billion in narcotics and $16 million in civil Racketeer
Influenced and Corrupt Organizations (RICO) Act violations.

BJA FY 1995 Byrne Discretionary Grant Program funds were used to
support the SEARCH National Training and Technical Assistance
Program, which offers assistance to criminal justice agencies
across the country in the development, improvement, acquisition,
and integration of their computer systems. The training center,
located in Sacramento, California, serves as a no-cost, onsite,
hands-on resource for criminal justice practitioners to learn
about and evaluate computer technology.

With the alarming growth of "cybercrimes" and the use of
technology to defraud, BJA continued its support of the National
White Collar Crime Center, located in Richmond, Virginia, with a
FY 1995 award of $1.4 million. As of June 30, 1995, the Center
had helped State and local agencies recover $29 million in
assessed fines, $349 million in ordered restitution, $4 million
in recovered property, and $330 million in indictable offenses
referred to the IRS from tax fraud cases.

On the State level, Byrne Memorial Formula Grant funds were used
by the Territory of Guam to establish an automated fingerprint
identification system (AFIS), modernize its forensic crime
laboratory, and automate the Territory's criminal justice system.

Indiana used a BJA grant to set up a database for the Schedule II
Electronic Monitoring System, which was designed to combat the
problem of illegal prescription drug distribution. Additional BJA
funds were used to improve the capabilities of the Indiana State
Police forensic laboratory and improve the criminal history
record system. 

Massachusetts used BJA funds for hotspot crime mapping and for
the State homicide tracking system.

Oregon received BJA funds to improve information systems and to
continue the DNA profiling database of sex offenders and
murderers.

Tennessee, with the support of BJA funding, was able to
reestablish its Criminal History Records Improvement (CHRI) task
force. The CHRI task force revised the Tennessee criminal
fingerprint card, which now contains flags for capturing offenses
required by the Brady Law, the Jacob Wetterling Crimes Against
Children and Sexually Violent Offender Registration Act, the
Child Abuse Act, and the Violence Against Women Act.

BJA funds enabled Virginia to implement LiveScan fingerprint and
record check technology at two pilot sites.

-------------------------------

Program Evaluation, Technical Assistance, and Training: Using
Promising Programs To Fight Crime

"We are dedicated to doing everything we can to develop programs
for evaluation that measure what works, what doesn't work, how it
can be corrected, and whether it should be discarded. All of us
pull the dollars out of our pocket to send to Washington as
taxes, and we want to make sure we have a return on those
dollars. We have got to show why the dollars were spent and that
they were spent for something that can make this a better world
and a better Nation."

--Attorney General Janet Reno
Atlanta, Georgia
BJA Annual Conference, 1995

BJA's evaluation program staff identifies promising,
cost-efficient programs that work to suppress crime, reduce
recidivism, and improve the operation of the criminal justice
system. When programs are identified, BJA disseminates them for
consideration and replication by other jurisdictions across the
Nation. 

One universal characteristic found in the design and
implementation of promising criminal justice programs is a
systematic, disciplined framework that allows performance and
results, both quantitative and qualitative, to be measured and
evaluated. BJA's evaluation program also carries the
responsibility of building the capacity of State and local
governments to design and conduct their own assessments of the
effectiveness of criminal justice programs.

BJA's evaluation program and capacity-building roles are
consistent with the intent of the Government Performance and
Results Act of 1993. The goals of this act include making Federal
agencies accountable for program results, improving delivery of
program services to citizens, and providing Congress with
objective information on the relative effectiveness and
efficiency of Federal programs and spending.

In FY 1995, approximately $3.1 million in Byrne Discretionary
Grant Program funds were dedicated to assessing BJA-funded
programs.

In early FY 1995, the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) began
an 18-month study of BJA's Comprehensive Communities Program
(CCP). On the basis of a blend of qualitative and quantitative
measures, NIJ will produce for BJA a succinct case study of 12
CCP sites as well as a multisite analysis of salient patterns and
lessons. The CCP case studies are structured around an analytic
framework that tracks the resources, elements, implementation
measures, context, and data sources for evaluating program
impacts. The case studies used as a basis for the evaluation will
allow BJA to "tell the story" of what worked at each site. BJA's
intention is to provide the criminal justice community not only
with case studies but also with analyses, supported by examples,
of why and how particular strategies were or were not
successfully implemented under differing circumstances at the CCP
sites. 

To date, the evaluation team has conducted visits to six CCP
sites (Baltimore, MD, Boston, MA, Columbia, SC, Fort Worth, TX,
Salt Lake City, UT, and Seattle, WA). In addition, the evaluation
team has visited the other six sites for more general assessment.
(These sites are Phoenix, AZ, East Bay, CA, Hartford, CT,
Wilmington, DE, Gary, IN, and Wichita, KS.) These visits, along
with surveys conducted of the sites in the areas of community
policing and coalition-building, indicate that the CCP approach
is promising. 

In FY 1995, BJA also started the State Evaluation Development
(SED) Program to assist the States with developing their yearly
violent crime and drug control strategies for Byrne Formula Grant
Program funds. The SED Program also provides State and local
practitioners with technical assistance and training workshops on
program monitoring, assessment, and evaluation; and publishes
reports on programs by special topic and area. In FY 1995, SED
issued the following 7 evaluation publications: Documenting the
Extent and Nature of Drug and Violent Crime Handbook; Treatment
and Rehabilitation (225 programs operating in 47 States);
Prosecutorial Response to Drug Abuse and Violent Crime (118
programs in 39 States); Successful Collaborative Programs (21
programs in 20 States); Youth, Drugs and Violence (22 programs in
21 States); Innovative Court Programs (20 programs in 17 States);
and Reinforcing Government and Community Partnerships (conference
proceedings). In addition, BJA's SED Program convened 8 training
workshops attended by more than 300 practitioners representing 34
States and Territories and conducted technical assistance visits
to 24 States.

BJA's Byrne Formula Grant Program is an important source of
funding for State and local governments to conduct evaluations.
In FY 1995, 17 States and Territories had approximately $3.5
million in Byrne Formula funds invested in 40 active, ongoing
research and evaluation projects.

BJA also plays an important supporting role in the substantive
and methodological research and evaluation projects undertaken by
the States' Statistical Analysis Centers (SAC's). In FY 1994 and
1995, SAC's conducted 818 research projects on topical issues
ranging from alternatives to incarceration to white collar crime.
BJA supported every project, either directly or indirectly, with
funding, technical assistance, or dissemination of reports. The
topics most frequently researched by the SAC's were sentencing
(37 States), policing (37 States), corrections (35 States),
controlled substances (33 States), juvenile delinquency (32
States), prisons (31 States), courts (31 States), and probation
(30 States). The State SAC's initiating the most research and
evaluation projects were Kansas (39 projects), Oklahoma (31
projects), New York (30 projects), and Ohio (25 projects).

Also in FY 1995, BJA cosponsored the Annual Conference on
Criminal Justice Research and Evaluation, with NIJ and the Office
of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. The conference
brought together more than 500 criminal justice practitioners
concerned with research and evaluation techniques focused on the
general theme, "What To Do About Crime." Fifty sessions and
workshops dealt with issues ranging from "Predicting Offender
Recidivism" to "Evaluating Collaborative Criminal Justice System
Treatment Programming" and "Conducting Impact Evaluations."

BJA's technical assistance and training program staff identifies
needs and develops appropriate responses to improve management
and capabilities at both the national and State levels relating
to program development, performance, and reporting. Training and
technical assistance is accomplished through special topic
workshops, national and regional conferences, and onsite
sessions.

-------------------------------

BJA Program Planning: From "Needs Assessment" to "Performance
Indicators"

BJA is in business to serve citizens by designing, testing,
identifying, and promoting criminal justice programs that reduce
and prevent crime and illegal drug abuse. Because the types of
crime and trends in illegal drug use are constantly changing,
BJA's program planning process is designed to produce a flexible
plan for testing strategies that counter both long- and
short-term threats to public safety. BJA's anti-crime and
anti-drug abuse strategy is then implemented through the Byrne
Discretionary and Formula Grant Programs.

How BJA develops its program plan is critically important. The
planning process draws on a variety of sources and information.
It is influenced by the priorities of the Attorney General;
consultations with Federal, State, and local criminal justice
practitioners and policymakers; analysis of individual State
strategies used to disburse Byrne Formula Grant Program funds;
and the results and findings from internal studies,
demonstrations, and research projects of BJA and its sister
agencies in the Office of Justice Programs.

The planning process has evolved since the Byrne Program
inception so that in FY 1995, BJA focused more on local (urban
and rural) crime; technology and automation; assessing gaps in
funding in the criminal justice system; and leveraging Federal,
State, local, and private resources into comprehensive
partnerships against crime and illegal drug use. For example, BJA
expanded the role of State and local criminal justice
policymakers involved in the Byrne Formula Grant Program by
making them more prominent partners in determining the priorities
to be addressed by the Byrne Discretionary Grant Program--a step
that made the States fuller partners in ensuring funds were
responsive to local crime and drug abuse problems.

Another important step in the planning process centers on BJA's
State and Local Assistance Division, which administers the
Formula Grant Program. This division designed and implemented a
"needs assessment" capability to identify gaps between and in
criminal justice systems. The methodology of the needs assessment
identifies problems common across the Nation and analyzes
subjective information reported by State and local practitioners,
which is provided in annual applications for funding. The value
of the needs assessment is considerable as an early warning
system to detect emerging national and regional problems. It is
used to feed information back to the States, to plan national
programs, and to create a link between State anti-drug and
anti-crime strategies and BJA goals.

The conclusions drawn from the needs assessment were also used by
the Discretionary Grant Program Division. For example, State
agencies identified substance abuse treatment and alternatives to
detention as priority areas for BJA support. Consequently,
through the cooperative relationships and suggestions from
working partnerships, the Discretionary Grant Program Division's
corrections option initiative will devote resources to providing
training and technical assistance to States in the coming fiscal
year.

Overall, discretionary grant programs will be driven by and
respond more directly to State and local needs for training,
technical assistance, technology, and information systems in law
enforcement, prosecution, and crime prevention. Also, individual
Discretionary Grant-funded projects will be clearer in their
purposes and goals, specifications and anticipated results,
publications, and other tangible achievements.

To foster the development of clearly focused strategies on
priority issues and to coordinate these with Byrne-funded State
strategies, the Byrne Formula Grant Program Division conducted 8
training sessions for the administrators and staff of all 56
States and Territories that administer Byrne Formula funds.

Also in FY 1995, BJA continued development of quantitative
"program performance indicators" for Byrne Formula and
Discretionary Grant programs. The quantitative indicators will
supplement the traditional criteria of qualitative measures used
to gauge BJA's role in suppressing crime, reducing recidivism,
and improving the operational elements of the criminal justice
system. Just as important, these quantitative performance
indicators (numbers and percentages of arrests, convictions,
seizures of drugs and weapons, etc.) show citizens a hard yield,
or return, on their tax dollars invested by BJA against crime and
illegal drug use. When the quantitative indicators are combined
with qualitative measures and the needs assessment, BJA will have
improved its ability to identify which practices have made the
most significant impact.

-------------------------------

BJA Special Programs: Assistance for Public Safety Officers'
Survivors, Emergency Situations, Prison Industries, and
Information Sharing

Public Safety Officers' Benefits (PSOB) Program

The PSOB Program is designed to compensate spouses and children
or parents of public safety officers killed or disabled in the
line of duty. In 1995, the PSOB Program paid $19.2 million to
survivors for 148 in-the-line-of-duty death benefit claims.

BJA also funds Concerns of Police Survivors (COPS), a
7,200-member national nonprofit organization dedicated to
providing emotional support, grief counseling, and immediate
response to other family needs. COPS also provides law
enforcement agencies with model guidelines for handling
line-of-duty deaths, critical-incident stress debriefing, media
inquiries, and community concerns. COPS conducts summer camps for
the children of fallen law enforcement officers and offers grief
seminars for survivors in conjunction with National Peace
Officers' Memorial Day, held in May each year in Washington, D.C.

Federal Real Surplus Property Transfer Program

The Justice Assistance Act of 1984 enables the Attorney General
to make surplus Federal land and buildings available to State and
local governments, at no cost, for use as correctional
facilities. BJA announces the availabilities and provides
training and technical assistance for those seeking to acquire
Federal real property. In FY 1995, BJA assisted Alabama, Indiana,
and Ohio in the application process so each could acquire a
Federal property for correctional purposes.

Prison Industry Enhancement (PIE) Program 

The PIE Program was created by Congress to encourage joint
ventures between private industry and State prisons to make goods
and services using inmate labor. From 1979 through June 1995, the
PIE Program has generated $6,111,453 in taxes and $10,458,796 in
deductions from prisoners' wages to offset incarceration costs.
Another $3,449,218 went to family support and $3,644,557 for
victims of inmate crimes. Currently, 36 jurisdictions in 34
States have been certified under the PIE Program.

Emergency Federal Law Enforcement Assistance (EFLEA) Program 

EFLEA awards can be made to law enforcement agencies to address
uncommon situations that have placed the community at peril and
overwhelmed the State or local government's ability to respond. 
In FY 1995, the following situation met the statutory criteria to
qualify for an EFLEA award. The State of Indiana requested funds
to assist in the investigation of 165 suspicious deaths occurring
over a 22-month period in the intensive care unit of the
Vermillion County Hospital in Clinton. The State was awarded
$330,578 to support the task force's efforts in conducting a
homicide investigation, exhuming dozens of bodies buried in
cemeteries in several States, conducting autopsies and forensic
analysis, and securing medical experts needed to identify whether
any of the deaths in question merited further investigation.

State Criminal Alien Assistance Program (SCAAP)

Starting in FY 1995, BJA awarded $130 million to 45 States to
help pay the costs of incarcerating almost 38,000 criminal alien
felons who are in the United States illegally. The largest SCAAP
grants went to California ($30.5 million), Texas ($14.8 million),
New York ($9.4 million), Florida ($5.5 million), Illinois ($3.8
million), Arizona ($2.7 million), New Jersey ($2.2 million), and
the State of Washington ($2.1 million). Massachusetts, Michigan,
and Oregon also received awards of more than $1 million.

Regional Information Sharing Systems (RISS) Program

Through electronic sharing of information with more than 
4,500 law enforcement agencies, the RISS Program supports law
enforcement efforts against narcotics trafficking, organized
criminal activity, and violent crime. From 1974 through September
1995, the program contributed to more than 66,000 arrests,
seizures, and recoveries of controlled substances valued at more
than $11 billion; assets valued at more than $465 million; and
civil Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations (RICO) Act
recoveries of $16 million. BJA supported this program during FY
1995 with a congressional appropriation of $14.5 million. Each of
the six RISS projects publishes a monthly bulletin containing
information on trends, court decisions, training opportunities,
and fugitives. In FY 1995, the program trained 27,000 law
enforcement officers through project training and information
conferences.

-------------------------------

BJA Legislative Purpose Areas

The Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988 established 21 purpose areas
which define the nature and scope of programs and projects which
might be funded under the Byrne Formula Grant Program (recently
expanded to 26 purpose areas). These areas in toto provide
substantial authorization for programs which address drug
control, violent and serious crime, all aspects 
of criminal justice processing including incarceration and
treatment of offenders, and general improvements in the justice
system operations.

1. Demand-reduction education programs in which law enforcement
officers participate.

2. Multijurisdictional task force programs that integrate
Federal, State, and local drug law enforcement agencies and
prosecutors for the purpose of enhancing interagency coordination
and intelligence and facilitating multijurisdictional
investigations.

3. Programs that target the domestic sources of controlled and
illegal substances, such as precursor chemicals, diverted
pharmaceuticals, clandestine laboratories, and cannabis
cultivations.

4. Community and neighborhood programs that assist citizens in
preventing and controlling crime, including special programs that
address the problems of crimes committed against the elderly and
special programs for rural jurisdictions.

5. Disrupting illicit commerce in stolen goods and property.

6. Improving the investigation and prosecution of white-collar
crime, organized crime, public corruption crime, and fraud
against the Federal Government, with priority attention to cases
involving drug-related official corruption.

7. a. Improving the operational effectiveness of law enforcement
through the use of crime analysis techniques, street sales
enforcement, schoolyard violator programs, and gang-related and
low-income housing drug control programs.

b. Developing and implementing anti-terrorism plans for deep
draft ports, international airports, and other important
facilities.

8. Career criminal prosecution programs, including the
development of model drug control legislation.

9. Financial investigative programs that target the
identification of money laundering operations and assets obtained
through illegal drug trafficking, including the development of
proposed model legislation, financial investigative training, and
financial information-sharing systems.

10. Improving the operational effectiveness of the court process
by expanding prosecutorial, defender, and judicial resources and
implementing court delay reduction programs.

11. Programs designed to provide additional public correctional
resources and to improve the corrections system, including
treatment in prisons and jails, intensive supervision programs,
and long-range corrections and sentencing strategies.

12. Prison industry projects designed to place inmates in a
realistic working and training environment that will enable them
to acquire marketable skills and to make financial payments for
restitution to their victims, for support of their own families,
and for support of themselves in the institution.

13. Providing programs that identify and meet the treatment needs
of adult and juvenile drug-dependent and alcohol-dependent
offenders.

14. Developing and implementing programs to provide assistance to
jurors and witnesses and assistance (other than compensation) to
victims of crime.

15. a. Developing programs to improve drug control technology,
such as pretrial drug testing programs; programs to provide for
the identification, assessment, referral to treatment, case
management, and monitoring of drug-dependent offenders; and
enhancement of State and local forensic laboratories.

b. Criminal justice information systems to assist law
enforcement, prosecution, courts, and corrections organizations
(including automated fingerprint identification systems).

16. Innovative programs that demonstrate new and different
approaches to enforcement, prosecution, and adjudication of drug
offenses and other serious crimes.

17. Addressing the problems of drug trafficking and the illegal
manufacture of controlled substances in public housing.

18. Improving the criminal and juvenile justice system's response
to domestic and family violence, including spousal abuse, child
abuse, and abuse of the elderly.

19. Drug control evaluation programs that State and local units
of government may utilize to evaluate programs and projects
directed at State drug control activities.

20. Providing alternatives to prevent detention, jail, and prison
for persons who pose no danger to the community.

21. Programs in which the primary goal is to strengthen urban
enforcement and prosecution efforts targeted at street drug
sales.

22. Programs for the prosecution of driving-while-intoxicated
charges and the enforcement of other laws relating to alcohol use
and the operation of motor vehicles.

23. Programs that address the need for effective bindover systems
for the prosecution of violent 16- and 17-year-old juveniles in
courts with jurisdiction over adults. [Certain violent crimes,
including murder and felonies committed with firearms, are
specified.]

24. Law enforcement and prevention programs that relate to gangs,
or to youth who are involved or are at risk of involvement in
gangs.

25. Developing or improving in a forensic laboratory a capability
to analyze DNA for identification purposes. [Funding in this area
requires adherence to (or the promise to adhere to) regulations
that will be developed and disseminated by the Attorney General
with the assistance of the Federal Bureau of Investigation and
the National Institute of Justice over the next year.]

26. Programs to assist States in the litigation processing of
death penalty Federal habeas corpus petitions. [Added by the
Appropriations Act of 1995.]

-------------------------------

1995 BJA-Funded Publications

Boys and Girls Clubs of America Fact Sheet (FS000106)
Bureau of Justice Assistance Annual Report Fiscal Year 1994 (NCJ
157663)

Business Alliance Program: Creating Business and Community
Partnerships Fact Sheet (FS000119)

Center for Task Force Training Fact Sheet (FS000115)

Children in the Halls of Justice: A Report on Child Care in the
Courts (Center for the Study of Social Policy, NCJ 157142)

Comprehensive Gang Initiative Program Fact Sheet (FS000116)

Community Policing and D.A.R.E.: A Practitioner's Perspective
(NCJ 154275)

Correctional Options Grant Program Fact Sheet (Updated)
(FS000056)

Crime Prevention Starts at Home: Setting the Stage for Community
Action (National Crime Prevention Council, NCJ 156819)

Defense Procurement Fraud Debarment Clearinghouse Fact Sheet
(FS000103)

Denial of Federal Benefits Program and Clearinghouse Fact Sheet
(FS000102)

Differentiated Case Management Fact Sheet (Updated) (FS000061)

Documenting and Assessing Selected Private Sector/Prison
Industries Enhancement Certification Programs (NCJ 150483)

Domestic and Family Violence: Highlighted Programs from the State
Annual Reports (Justice Research and Statistics Association, NCJ
151549)

Drug Abuse Resistance Education (D.A.R.E.) Fact Sheet (Updated)
(FS000039)

Edward Byrne Memorial State and Local Law Enforcement Assistance
FY 1995 Fact Sheet (FS000071)

Federal Surplus Real Property Transfer Program Fact Sheet
(Updated) (FS000045)

Financial Investigations (Finvest) Program Fact Sheet (FS000112)

Fiscal Year 1994 Review of State Formula Grant Strategies Fact
Sheet (FS000110)

FY 1995 Discretionary Program Announcement & Application Kit
(SL000117)

Granting Children a Court Recess: A Program Operations Manual for
Child Care in the Courts (Center for the Study of Social Policy,
NCJ 157640)

Innovative State and Local Programs, Volume II (Justice Research
and Statistics Association, NCJ 156390)

Keeping Drug Activity Out of Rental Property: Establishing
Landlord Training Programs Fact Sheet (FS000117)

Model State Drug Statutes Fact Sheet (Updated) (FS000047)

Money Laundering: A Practice Manual for State Prosecutors
(National Association of Attorneys General, NCJ 155129)

Money Laundering Forfeitures--Landmark Structuring Case Provides
Guidance (NCJ 152056)

Multiagency Response to Clandestine Drug Laboratories Fact Sheet
(FS000114)

National Citizens' Crime Prevention Campaign Fact Sheet
(FS000121)

National Night Out: A Community-Police Partnership Program Fact
Sheet (FS000122)

National White Collar Crime Center Fact Sheet (FS000120)

New Jersey Enforcement Court Pilot Programs: A Case Study (The
American University, NCJ 157646)

Organized Crime Narcotics Trafficking Enforcement Program Fact
Sheet (FS000115)

Part of the Solution: Creative Alternatives for Youth (NCJ
152982)

Partner With the Media to Build Safer Communities: An Action Kit
(National Crime Prevention Council, NCJ 156820)

Police Hiring Supplement Program Fact Sheet (FS000111)

Preventing Violence Against Women: Not Just A Woman's Issue
(National Crime Prevention Council, NCJ 157773)

Prison Industry Enhancement Certification Program (Update)
(FS000046)

Prosecutorial Response to Drug Abuse and Violent Crime:
Highlighted Programs from the State Annual Reports (Justice
Research and Statistics Association, NCJ 151758)

Public Safety Officers' Benefits Program Fact Sheet (Update)
(FS000066)

Regional Information Sharing Systems Fact Sheet (Update)
(FS000037)

SEARCH National Training and Technical Assistance Program Fact
Sheet (FS000107)

Social Impact of the National Citizens' Crime Prevention
Campaign: The Evaluation Process (NCJ 151524)

State Annual Reports 1994, Executive Summaries (Justice Research
and Statistics Association, NCJ 153035)

Structured Fines: Day Fines as Fair and Collectable Punishment in
American Courts (Vera Institute of Justice, NCJ 157141)

Training Law Enforcement Officers in Criminal Activities
Involving Illegal Aliens Fact Sheet (FS000109)

Treatment Accountability for Safer Communities Fact Sheet
(Update) (FS000044) 

Trial Court Performance Standards and Measurement System Fact
Sheet (Update) (FS000059)

-------------------------------

http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/BJA/

In late FY 1995, BJA staff created a home page on the Internet
and offered nearly 30 million users of the graphics-based World
Wide Web (WWW) unrestricted, 24-hour-a-day access to information
on how to fight crime and illegal drug use. Updated on a weekly
basis, users can quickly search and download monographs,
bulletins, fact sheets, State annual reports, and other
documents. Also available are grant applications, statutes,
speeches, weekly briefings, scheduled conferences and training
sessions, and BJA's Annual Report to Congress. BJA's home page is
designed to do more than just give access to documents and
information about BJA's grant programs and funding. A staff
directory allows users to learn how BJA is organized or to
determine who is handling which programs or projects. The home
page also contains gateways, or links, to a variety of other
criminal justice information home pages--from Federal, State, and
local agencies to private, nonprofit organizations. BJA's home
page, like the number of WWW users, will continue to grow as it
becomes the primary medium for easily accessible information.