Identification_Information: 
  Citation: 
    Citation_Information: 
      Originator: Dr. Cynthia Hunter, principal investigator
      Originator: Dr. Celia Smith, co-principal investigator
      Originator: Ms. Jennifer E. Smith, graduate student, University of Hawaii
      Originator: Mr. Eric Conklin, graduate student, University of Hawaii
      Originator: Ms. Rebecca Most, graduate student, University of Hawaii
      Originator: Mr. Thomas Sauvage, graduate student, University of Hawaii
      Originator: Ms. Cheryl Squair, graduate student, University of Hawaii
      Publication_Date: Unpublished material
      Title: Photoquadrat Analysis of how Sea Urchins Reduce Abundance of Kappaphycus and Analysis of Regrowth of Coral on Plots in Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, Hawaii in 2002 (NODC Accession 0001022)
      Online_Linkage: http://www.nodc.noaa.gov/cgi-bin/search/prod/accessionsView.pl/details/1022
  Description: 
    Abstract: An experiment was performed to assess the potential to use native sea urchins as biocontrols for alien/invasive seaweeds. One species of urchin, tripneustes gratilla, was bedded in a 1/4 m2 plot with > 50% kappaphycus cover.  Fences were made out of plastic coated chicken wire and were surveyed every month with photoquadrats to assess kappaphycus abundance. In addition, regrowth of plots where kappaphycus had been removed was monitored.
    Purpose: To assess the potential to use native sea urchin's as biocontrols for alien/invasive seaweeds and to monitor the regrowth of Kappaphycus.
    Supplemental_Information: NOAA Supplemental :Entry_ID: Unknown Sensor_Name: SCUBA, digital olympus 30/30 camera mounted on a PVC frame Project_Campaign: Hawaii Coral Reef Initiative Originating_Center: Botany Department, University of Hawaii at Manoa Storage_Medium: MS Excel and CSV ASCII Online_size: 47 Kbytes
  Time_Period_of_Content: 
    Time_Period_Information: 
      Range_of_Dates/Times: 
        Beginning_Date: 20020601
        Beginning_Time: 0900
        Ending_Date: 20021106
        Ending_Time: 1500
    Currentness_Reference: ground condition
  Status: 
    Progress: Complete
    Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As funding is available
  Spatial_Domain: 
    Bounding_Coordinates: 
      West_Bounding_Coordinate: -157.8313
      East_Bounding_Coordinate: -157.7967
      North_Bounding_Coordinate: 21.4769
      South_Bounding_Coordinate: 21.4583
  Keywords: 
    Theme: 
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
      Theme_Keyword: macroalgae
      Theme_Keyword: Percent cover Kappaphycus
      Theme_Keyword: Percent cover Porites Compressa
      Theme_Keyword: invasive, alien marine algae species
      Theme_Keyword: Percent cover Montipora capitata
      Theme_Keyword: Percent cover coral-fishbite
      Theme_Keyword: Percent cover D.Cavernosa
      Theme_Keyword: coastal studies
      Theme_Keyword: coral reef
      Theme_Keyword: Percent cover Dictyosphaeria versuysii
      Theme_Keyword: Percent cover Crustose coralline
      Theme_Keyword: Percent cover Turf
    Theme: 
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
      Theme_Keyword: algal abundance
      Theme_Keyword: invasive algal species
      Theme_Keyword: alien algal species
      Theme_Keyword: habitat type
      Theme_Keyword: coastal studies
      Theme_Keyword: coral reef
    Theme: 
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus
      Theme_Keyword: Visual Images > Habitats
    Theme: 
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Theme Thesaurus
      Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Benthic Habitat
      Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Marine Invertebrates > Census
      Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Ecological Dynamics > Dominance > Invasive Species
      Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae
      Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology > Benthic biology
      Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Algal Cover
      Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Crustose Coralline Algae
    Theme: 
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
      Theme_Keyword: biota
      Theme_Keyword: 002
      Theme_Keyword: oceans
      Theme_Keyword: 014
      Theme_Keyword: environment
      Theme_Keyword: 007
    Place: 
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Place Thesaurus
      Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Hawaii Island > Hawaii Island (19N155W0003)
      Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Hawaii > Hawaii Island (19N155W0003)
      Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Oahu Island > Oahu (21N157W0003)
      Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Oahu (21N157W0003)
      Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Oahu Island > Kaneohe Bay (21N157W0004)
      Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Kaneohe Bay (21N157W0004)
    Place: 
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
      Place_Keyword: North Pacific
      Place_Keyword: Hawaii
      Place_Keyword: Oahu
      Place_Keyword: Kaneohe Bay
    Stratum: 
      Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
      Stratum_Keyword: benthic
  Access_Constraints: None
  Use_Constraints: NOAA and NODC would appreciate recognition as the resource from which these data were obtained in any publications and/or other representations of these data.
  Point_of_Contact: 
    Contact_Information: 
      Contact_Person_Primary: 
        Contact_Person: Dr. Cynthia Hunter
        Contact_Organization: Waikiki Aquarium
      Contact_Position: Principle Investigator
      Contact_Address: 
        Address_Type: physical and mailing
        Address: 2777 Kalakaua Avenue
        City: Honolulu
        State_or_Province: Hawaii
        Postal_Code: 96815
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: (808) 923-9741
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: Cindyh@hawaii.edu
  Data_Set_Credit: Hawaii Coral Reef Initiative
  Native_Data_Set_Environment: MS Excel spreadsheet Version 2000
Data_Quality_Information: 
  Logical_Consistency_Report: See Lineage - Process Step
  Completeness_Report: the surveys were 100% complete
  Lineage: 
    Process_Step: 
      Process_Description: One species of urchin, tripneustes gratilla, were placed in a 1/4 m2 plot with > 50% kappaphycus cover.  Fences were made out of plastic coated chicken wire and were surveyed every month with photoquadrats to assess kappaphycus abundance.
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: None
      Process_Date: Unknown
      Process_Contact: 
        Contact_Information: 
          Contact_Person_Primary: 
            Contact_Person: Ms. Jennifer E. Smith
            Contact_Organization: Botany Department
              University of Hawaii at Manoa
          Contact_Position: graduate student
          Contact_Address: 
            Address_Type: physical and mailing
            Address: 3190 Maile Way, St. John 614
            City: Honolulu
            State_or_Province: Hawaii
            Postal_Code: 96822
            Country: USA
          Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808-956-6947
          Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jesmith@hawaii.edu
Entity_and_Attribute_Information: 
  Overview_Description: 
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: Files: contents Photoquads_all_1_03.xls* Excel file holding data Photoquads_Urchin.csv*   CSV dump of sheet 1 (Urchin Addition Plots) Photoquads_Kappa.csv* CSV dump of sheet 2 (Kappa. Control and Remove Plots) Urchin Addition Plots: Photoquadrat data from Kane'ohe looking at how the addition of sea urchins (tripneustes gratilla) can reduce the abundance of Kappaphycusin 1/4 m2 plots. Kappaphycus Control and Remove Plots: data from control plots and from plots where we removed the alien alga Kappaphycus and monitored regrowth or overgrowth of coral every month by taking photos with a digital olympus30/30 camera mounted on a pvc frame. For each species, the numbers represent percent cover in the photoquadrat.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: None
Distribution_Information: 
  Distributor: 
    Contact_Information: 
      Contact_Organization_Primary: 
        Contact_Organization: NOAA/NESDIS/National Oceanographic Data Center
        Contact_Person: Data Access Group, User Services Team
      Contact_Address: 
        Address_Type: mailing and physical
        Address: SSMC-3 Fourth Floor
        Address: 1315 East West Highway
        City: Silver Spring
        State_or_Province: MD
        Postal_Code: 20910-3282
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 301-713-3277
      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 301-713-3302
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: services@nodc.noaa.gov
      Hours_of_Service: 8am-5pm, Monday through Friday
  Resource_Description: NODC Accession Number 0001022
  Distribution_Liability: NOAA makes no warranty regarding these data, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NODC cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data, nor as a result of the failure of these data to function on a particular system.
  Standard_Order_Process: 
    Digital_Form: 
      Digital_Transfer_Information: 
        Format_Name: ASCII
      Digital_Transfer_Option: 
        Online_Option: 
          Computer_Contact_Information: 
            Network_Address: 
              Network_Resource_Name: http://www.nodc.noaa.gov/cgi-bin/search/prod/accessionsView.pl/details/1022
    Fees: Prices vary depending on data set, output medium and ordering mechanism. A standard handling charge, with additional costs for special handling, may be added to the basic cost of the data.
    Ordering_Instructions: Prepayment by check, money order or bank card is required. Orders may be placed via fax, email, regular mail, telephone or via the NNDC Online Store.
Metadata_Reference_Information: 
  Metadata_Date: 20081217
  Metadata_Review_Date: 20050729
  Metadata_Future_Review_Date: 20060801
  Metadata_Contact: 
    Contact_Information: 
      Contact_Person_Primary: 
        Contact_Person: Mr. Patrick C. Caldwell
        Contact_Organization: NOAA/NESDIS/NODC/NCDDC
      Contact_Position: Hawaii/US Pacific Liaison
      Contact_Address: 
        Address_Type: mailing
        Address: 1000 Pope Road, MSB 316
        Address: Dept. of Oceanography
        Address: University of Hawaii at Manoa
        City: Honolulu
        State_or_Province: Hawaii
        Postal_Code: 96822
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: (808)-956-4105
      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (808) 956-2352
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: caldwell@hawaii.edu
      Hours_of_Service: 8 AM to 5 PM weekdays
      Contact_Instructions: check services@nodc.noaa.gov if not available
  Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
  Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
CoRIS: 
  CoRIS_ID: 20081022071536
  CoRIS_Children: None
  CoRIS_Beginning_Date: 20020601
  CoRIS_Ending_Date: 20021106
  CoRIS_Metadata_Link: http://www.coris.noaa.gov/metadata/records/txt/nodc_0001022.txt
  CoRIS_Tracking_ID: 953