DECEMBER, 1919. MONTHLY WEATHER R.EVIEW. 85 1
The observations recorded daily will be collected a t the end of each month at San Juan, Y. R., the head- quarters of the new climatological service, and published in a form similar to the climatological section re orts
States of the Union. The working out of the details of the organization here outlined will require time, but there is every indication that the cordial coo eration of the foreign Governments concerned will enahre the Chief of Bureau to establish, within a year or two, a climatological or anization in the tropical area to the south of us whi 3 is destined to be of as great value to the agricultural interests of the world as the storm-warning system has proved to be to the shipping and commercial interests in the past
being published by the Weat.her Bureau in each o F the
20 years. Additional dans of the Chief of the Weather Bureau for the tropicd organization at San Juan include esperi- ments in up er air conditions in the Tropics to advance our knowle R ge of the general circulation of the at,mos- phere and the development of storms within the hurri- cane belt and to aid in charting aerial routes for the aviator of the future.
AEROLOQICAL WORK IN THE U. S. NAVY.
By Lieut. C. N. KEYSER, U. S. N.
[Authors abstract..]
The Navy has contributed from an early time to the development of meteorology in the lhited States. The work of Lieut. Maury as early as 1S44 is conspicuous as an example of this effort. The development of naval aviation made necessary the training of an Acrological Section, whose value during t,he war was such as to make its continuation necessary. 1t.s import,ance as a peace-time activit has been demonstrated in connection 84th the trans-At,!kic flights and the recruiting trip of the NC-4 along the coast and up the Mississippi. All
of these undertakings were in conjunct.ion with the Weather Bureau, with which the Navy niaintains close cooperation. Escellent communication, such ns provided by the telegraphic service of the Weather Bureau in con- unction with the radio service of the Navy, has been iound of prime importance. The Meteorological Society should rove an escellent medium for cooperation be- tween t R e Weather Bureau niid all other agencies inter- ested in the development of the science of metcorology.
REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF THE WEATHER BUREAU,
The Report of the Chief of the Weather Bureau for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1919, recently ~iuhlished, contains, in addition to the r e p r t on t.he usual anclawell- known phases of the Bureaus work, certain ot,lier.mt,er- esting material. Occu!q+ig a consr.icunus place 111 the report IS a discussion of t,he p r t the Weat,her Bureau played in war-time meteofology in such activities as t,he establishment of aerial wmtl forecast.s, pnd cooperation wit.h the Army among estal>lislied established aerological stations; esamples of the relation between the work of the Bureau and aeronautics nre given in the successful trans-Atlantic fli hts of the NC-4 and the British dirigible RS.4. The Hie 5l ways Weather Service, which is a new project, is one of great interest z~nd \due, in w1iiC.h the principal Weather Bureau stations keep in t.ouch w t h the
I9 18-1 9.
1 Presented before American Meteorological Soclety, Yt. Louis, Mo., Ilw. 30, 1Y19.
condition of roads and important highways; the service has pmved so popular to motorists and others who have frequent use for road informfttion trliat it has already proved its value. Investi ations in volcanology were begun a t IGluea Volcano inkawaii, with the expectation that they niay be estended to volcanoes in Alaska and other portions of t,he possessions of the United States. Hampered as they were by the war, marine observations are once more being established and estended upon a program which will lead to much more estensive obser- vations over the great ocean areas.--. L. N.
REPORT OF THE BRITISH METEOROLOGICAL COMMITTEE.
[Reprinted from Nnturr, London, Jan. 1, lSa0, PP. 44H47.1
A report of the Met.eorologica1 Committee for the ear ended March 31, 1919, has recently heen issued. h i s is t.he first reiwrt since the Armistice, and much interest- ing information is given in it. Immense str!des have been made in niet.eorology, and the Meteorological Office has espanded accordingly, dependent on the necessities
of the war. Whereas the sum available, including many cost,s for the Services, in the year 1913-14 was 29,3801., in 191s-19 i t was 60,3711. X much greater demand was made on t;lie office for meteomlogical instruments, and for forecast.s of all descrintions, including tshe upper air. The marine dix-ision, on the ot,her hand, which is depend- ent, for its informat.im on the Royal Navy and mercantile marine, exj:erienced a great falling of in the number of document,s received from ol~ervers at sea, the documenh numbering 2,73S in t,he year 1913-14 and only 43 in 191s-19. Throughout t,he war t,here was great activity in the sulqdy of data to t.he Army, Navy, and Air Service, and the \fyorli commonly iiiidertaken in times of peace
was greatly augment.ed, although most of the inforniation was considered private and wa.s withheld from the general pulJic. The rest.rictions upon the circulation of meteoro- logical information were removed aftfter the signing of the Armistice. Re1:ort.s for the several branches of t.he office show t.he variet.y and est.ended work now undertaken.
Any future report will presumahly Ire made through the Air Ministry, to which t.he Met,eorological Office is now
responsihle.
NEW FORM OF BRITISH DAILY WEATHER REPORT.
Since April 1, 2019, the Daily Weather Report of the Meteorological Ofice has been issued in three sections. The following is quoted from the official announcement of the change:
I. British Section (B. report). (p . 4.)
TI. International Section (I. reporty. (pp. 4.)
111. Upper Air Supplement. (p. 2.) I. The British Sectinn (B. report) is issued daily a t noon, in time
((1) Statistics for British stations observing four times a day at
(h ) Statistics for Eritish stations otservin twice a day a t 7h. and 18h. (r) Particulars of sunshine, etc., reportef from health resorts. (dj Weather map for northwest Europe for 7 h. G . hl. T. on the scale 1:10.000.000, with inset maps showing the dktribution over the British Isles of upper and lower cloud and visibilitv. (e ) A summary of the weather over the British Isles by districts a t 7 h.
f j ) Forecasts for the districts of the British Isles for the 24 hours commencing at 3 p. m., with a further outlook i f conditions are
sufficiently definite. 11. The International Section (I. report) will he issued for the present on the morning of the day followin that to which the report refers. in time for circulation with the fays British Section. It contains:
for circulation by middav post.
lh.. 7h.. 13h.. and 18h.
I t contains: