Federal Communications Commission FCC 06-178
Before the
Federal Communications Commission
Washington, D.C. 20554
In the Matter of
Amendment of Part 97 of the Commissions Rules
To Implement WRC-03 Regulations Applicable to 
Requirements for Operator Licenses in the Amateur 
Radio Service
Amendment of the Commissions Rules Governing 
the Amateur Radio Services
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WT Docket No. 05-235
RM-10781, RM-10782, RM-10783,
RM-10784, RM-10785, RM-10786,
RM-10787, RM-10805, RM-10806,
RM-10807, RM-10808, RM-10809,
RM-10810, RM-10811, RM-10867,
RM-10868, RM-10869, RM-10870
WT Docket No. 04-140
REPORT AND ORDER AND ORDER ON RECONSIDERATION
Adopted: December 15, 2006 Released: December 19, 2006
By the Commission:
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Paragraph
I. INTRODUCTION AND EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................ 1
II. BACKGROUND .............................................................................................................................. 5
III. DISCUSSION................................................................................................................................. 11
A. Amateur Radio Operator Licensing Requirements...................................................................... 11
B. Operating Privileges.................................................................................................................. 19
C. Number of Amateur Radio Operator License Classes................................................................. 22
D. Conforming Rule Changes......................................................................................................... 26
IV. CONCLUSION............................................................................................................................... 30
V. PROCEDURAL MATTERS........................................................................................................... 31
A. Final and Supplementary Final Regulatory Flexibility Certifications. ......................................... 31
B. Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 Analysis............................................................................... 33
C. Congressional Review Act......................................................................................................... 34
D. Alternative Formats................................................................................................................... 35
VI. ORDERING CLAUSES ................................................................................................................. 37
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A - Final rules
APPENDIX B - List of commenters
I. INTRODUCTION AND EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1. In this Report and Order and Order on Reconsideration (R&O), we address comments 
received in response to a Notice of Proposed Rule Making and Order (NPRM) in this proceeding, released 
by the Commission on July 19, 2005, which sought comment on proposed revisions to the Commission's 
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Amateur Radio Service rules.1 The NPRM addressed eighteen petitions for rulemaking.2 Generally, the 
NPRM proposed to eliminate the requirement that an individual must pass an international Morse code3
telegraphy examination4 in order to qualify for any amateur radio operator license. 
2. As discussed below, this R&O implements the proposals set forth in the NPRM.  
Specifically, we will amend our Amateur Radio Service rules by: 
. revising the examination requirements for obtaining a General Class or Amateur Extra Class 
amateur radio operator license; and
. revising the operating privileges for Technician Class licensees to include the operating 
privileges that are authorized to Novice Class licensees.
3. We conclude that these actions will further the public interest by removing unnecessary 
requirements from our Rules.  Moreover, we believe that these changes will (1) encourage individuals who 
are interested in communications technology, or who are able to contribute to the advancement of the radio 
  
1 Amendment of Part 97 of the Commission's Rules to Implement WRC-03 Regulations Applicable to Requirements for 
Operator Licenses in the Amateur Radio Service, Notice of Proposed Rule Making and Order, WT Docket No. 05-235, 
20 FCC Rcd 13247 (2005) (NPRM).  
2 See RM-10781, Peter M. Beauregard, Petition for Rulemaking (filed July 15, 2003) (Beauregard Petition); RM-
10782, P.V. Coppola et al., Petition for Rulemaking (filed July 18, 2003) (Coppola Petition); RM-10783, 
Kiernan K. Holliday, Petition for Rulemaking (filed July 21, 2003) (Holliday Petition); RM-10784, Dale E. 
Reich, Petition for Rulemaking (filed July 28, 2003) (Reich Petition); RM-10785, Eric R. Ward, Petition for 
Rulemaking (filed July 30, 2003) (Ward Petition); RM-10786, No Code International (NCI), Petition for 
Rulemaking (filed August 13, 2003) (NCI Petition); RM-10787, National Conference of Volunteer Examiner 
Coordinators (NCVEC), Petition for Rulemaking (filed August 1, 2003) (NCVEC Petition I); RM-10805, 
Charles L. Young, Jr., Petition for Rule Making (filed September 5, 2003) (Young Petition); RM-10806, Frank 
W. Napurano, Petition (filed August 14, 2003) (Napurano Petition); RM-10807, Robert G. Rightsell and Harry 
A.M. Kholer, Petition for Rulemaking (filed September 5, 2003) (Rightsell-Kholer Petition); RM-10808, Joseph 
Speroni, Petition for Rulemaking (filed September 8, 2003) (Speroni Petition); RM-10809, Puerto Rico Amateur 
Radio League, Petition for Rulemaking (filed September 11, 2003) (PRARL Petition); RM-10810, James Roux, 
Petition for Rule Making (filed September 11, 2003) (Roux Petition); RM-10811, FISTS CW Club, Petition for 
Rulemaking (filed September 2, 2003) (FISTS Petition); RM-10867, American Radio Relay League, Inc. 
(ARRL), Petition for Rulemaking (filed March 18, 2004) (ARRL Petition); RM-10868, Radio Amateur 
Foundation (RAF), Petition for Rule Making (filed February 20, 2004) (RAF Petition); RM-10869, Ronald D. 
Lowrance, Petition (filed September 8, 2003) (Lowrance Petition); and RM-10870, NCVEC, Petition for 
Rulemaking (filed March 4, 2004) (NCVEC Petition II).  
3 See 47 C.F.R.  97.3(a)(27), 97.503(a).  The international Morse code is defined in ITU-T Recommendation 
F.1 (March, 1998), Division B, I. Morse code. It consists of alphanumeric characters represented by dots, dashes, 
or some combination thereof. 
4 The telegraphy examination requires an examinee to listen to an audio recording of a message that is typically 
exchanged between two amateur radio stations and demonstrate, either by transcribing the message text or 
answering a series of questions based on the content of message, that he or she has the ability to receive correctly 
Morse code texts at not less than five words-per-minute (wpm).  The message is prepared in such a way that it 
uses all of the letters of the alphabet, the numerals 0-9, certain punctuation marks, and three prosigns (symbols 
formed by combining together two letters into one without the inter-letter space).  See 47 C.F.R.  97.503(a), 
97.507(d).  A "word" consists of five letters, with each numeral, punctuation mark, and prosign counting as two letters.
See 47 C.F.R.  97.507(d).  For purposes of this R&O, phrases such as "Morse code test," "telegraphy 
examination," and "telegraphy examination in the international Morse code are used interchangeably.
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art, to become amateur radio operators; and (2) eliminate a requirement that may discourage amateur 
service licensees from advancing their skills in the communications and technical phases of amateur radio.
4. In addition, in order to further address concerns of the amateur radio community, we take this 
opportunity to resolve a petition filed by the American Radio Relay League, Inc. (ARRL) for partial 
reconsideration of the Report and Order in WT Docket No. 04-140 (the Phone Band Expansion 
proceeding), which the Commission released on October 10, 2006.5 Among other actions, the Commission
authorized amateur stations to transmit voice communications on additional frequencies in certain amateur 
service bands, including expanding the 75 meter (m) band, which is authorized only for certain wideband 
emissions, from 3750-4000 kHz to 3600-4000 kHz, and commensurately reducing the 80 m band, which is 
authorized only for certain narrowband emissions, from 3500-3750 kHz to 3500-3600 kHz.  The ARRL 
argues that the 75 m band should not have been expanded below 3635 kHz, in order to protect 
automatically controlled digital stations operating in the 3620-3635 kHz portion of the 80 m band. We 
conclude that these operations can be protected by providing alternate spectrum in the 3585-3600 kHz 
frequency segment.
II. BACKGROUND
5. The Commission's rules define the Amateur Radio Service as "the amateur service, the 
amateur-satellite service, and the radio amateur civil emergency service (RACES)."6 The amateur service 
is available to persons who are interested in radio technique solely with a personal aim and without 
pecuniary interest.7 It presents an opportunity for individuals to self-train in radio and communications 
technology and to carry out technical investigations.8 Amateur radio operators also engage in voluntary, 
noncommercial communications with other amateur radio operators located in the United States and in 
foreign countries,9 and form a group of trained operators who have the ability, on a  voluntary basis, to 
assist the public by providing essential communications links and facilitating relief actions, particularly 
when a disaster or other emergency situation occurs or is likely to occur.10  
6. The international Radio Regulations (Radio Regulations) require that operators of 
amateur service stations be licensed.11  Prior to July 2003, the Radio Regulations required that any person 
seeking a license to operate an amateur radio station demonstrate proficiency in Morse code, but allowed 
  
5 Amendment of Part 97 of the Commissions Rules Governing the Amateur Radio Services, Report and Order, 
WT Docket No. 04-140, 21 FCC Rcd 11643 (2006) (Phone Band Expansion R&O).  
6 See 47 C.F.R.  97.3(a)(2).  The amateur service and the amateur satellite service are separate radio services in the 
international Radio Regulations; RACES is a domestic radio service using amateur radio stations for civil defense 
communications during periods of local, regional or national civil emergencies. See World Radiocommunication 
Conference Final Acts (Geneva, 2003), Article 25; 47 C.F.R.  97.3(a)(37).  Hereafter, the term "amateur service" 
is used to include all of the amateur radio services.
7 See 47 C.F.R.  97.3(a)(4).  
8 See 47 C.F.R.  97.1.  
9 See 47 C.F.R.  97.111(a)(1).  
10 See 47 C.F.R.  97.1(a).  
11 See World Radiocommunication Conference Final Acts (Geneva, 2003) (WRC-03 Final Acts), Article 25.6.  
The WRC-03 Final Acts applicable to the amateur service became effective on July 5, 2003.  
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administrations12 to waive this requirement for persons operating amateur radio stations using only
frequencies above 30 MHz.13 Thus, countries could issue "no code" amateur service operator licenses, i.e., 
amateur service operator licenses that did not require the licensee to pass a telegraphy test, for stations 
using only amateur service frequencies above 30 MHz, while requiring demonstration of Morse code 
proficiency by persons holding an amateur operator license that authorized transmitting privileges on 
frequencies below 30 MHz.14
7. In 1990, the Commission removed the telegraphy examination requirement for the 
Technician Class operator license.15  In 1999, the Commission adopted the License Restructure Report and 
Order,16 which simplified the amateur service operator license structure on a going-forward basis to three 
classes of operator licenses -- the Technician Class, General Class, and Amateur Extra Class -- and 
streamlined the amateur radio operator examination system.17  To comply with the then-effective Radio 
Regulations, the Commission continued to require a telegraphy examination requirement for the General 
Class and Amateur Extra Class operator licenses.18
8. The International Telecommunication Union (ITU), under the auspices of the United 
Nations, convened the 2003 World Radio Conference (WRC-03) from June 9 to July 4, 2003, in Geneva, 
Switzerland.  The actions taken at WRC-03 were published as the WRC-03 Final Acts, and are codified in 
  
12 An administration is any governmental department responsible for discharging obligations under the Radio 
Regulations.  See 47 C.F.R.  2.1.
13 See Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-97), Geneva, Switzerland, 1997, and 
Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference, (WRC-00), Istanbul, 2000, Radio Regulation 25.5.
This Radio Regulation stated, Any person seeking a license to operate the apparatus of an amateur station shall prove 
that he is able to send correctly by hand and to receive correctly by ear texts in Morse code signals.  The administration 
concerned may, however, waive this requirement in the case of stations making use exclusively of frequencies above 30 
MHz.  
14 Individual administrations were permitted to waive the Morse code requirement for stations making use only of 
frequencies above 30 MHz because transmissions in this part of the radio spectrum are generally used for shorter 
distance communications, rather than international communications.  The segment of the radio spectrum between 3 and 
30 MHz is commonly referred to as the High Frequency (HF) band.  The segment of the radio spectrum between 300 
kHz and 3 MHz is the Medium Frequency (MF) band.  See 47 C.F.R.  2.101. 
15 See Amendment of Part 97 of the Commission's Rules Concerning the Establishment of a Codeless Class of Amateur 
Operator License, Report and Order, PR Docket No. 90-55, 5 FCC Rcd 7631, 7632  16 (1990).
16 See 1998 Biennial Regulatory Review -- Amendment of Part 97 of the Commission's Amateur Service Rules, 
Report and Order, WT Docket No. 98-143, 15 FCC Rcd 315 (1999) (License Restructure Report and Order) and 
Errata, April 19, 2000; Memorandum Opinion and Order, 16 FCC Rcd 8076 (2001).  
17 See License Restructure Report and Order, 15 FCC Rcd at 316  3. Previously, the amateur service operator 
license structure consisted of six classes of operator licenses:  the Novice, Technician, Technician Plus, General, 
Advanced, and Amateur Extra Class operator licenses. To transition to the three-class license structure, the 
Commission grandfathered then-current Novice, Technician Plus, and Advanced Class licensees, and decided 
that no new Novice or Advanced Class licenses would be issued.  The Commission also decided to renew 
Technician Plus Class licenses as Technician Class licenses.  See id. at 322  13-15, 326  20. Under this 
approach, these licensees would receive credit for examination elements previously passed when they upgrade to a 
higher class operator license.  See 47 C.F.R.  97.505.
18 See 47 C.F.R.  97.501.
Federal Communications Commission FCC 06-178
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the ITU Radio Regulations.19  At WRC-03, the international regulations applicable to the amateur service
were revised in a comprehensive manner, resulting in more streamlined, updated regulations that reflect 
modern amateur radio communication techniques and technologies.20 Among other things, the WRC-03
Final Acts amended Article 25 of the Radio Regulations to allow each country to determine whether it 
would require a person seeking an amateur radio operator license to demonstrate the ability to send and 
receive texts in Morse code signals.21 The effect of this revision to Article 25 was to eliminate the 
international requirement that a person demonstrate Morse code proficiency in order to qualify for an 
amateur radio operator license with transmitting privileges on frequencies below 30 MHz. 
9. On July 19, 2005, the Commission released the NPRM in this proceeding, and sought 
comment regarding proposals to change the Amateur Radio Service examination requirements.22  
Specifically, the Commission proposed to revise Section 97.501 of the Commission's rules23 to remove the 
five wpm telegraphy examination from the examination requirements for the General Class and Amateur 
Extra Class operator licenses.24  The Commission also considered various requests to authorize additional 
operating privileges to Technician and Novice Class licensees.25 It declined requests that it authorize
additional operating privileges to these licensees, noting that to do so would lessen the incentive for them to 
upgrade to a higher class operator license,26 and that these licensees could earn more operating privileges 
than the petitions requested by passing one or two written examinations.27  In response to the NPRM, we 
received over 3900 comments and reply comments.28
  
19 See ITU Radio Regulations, Edition of 2004.  
20 See WRC-03 Final Acts, Article 25.  
21 This regulation states, Administrations shall determine whether or not a person seeking a license to operate 
an amateur station shall demonstrate the ability to send and receive texts in Morse code signals.  WRC-03 Final 
Acts, Article 25.5.
22 See NPRM, 20 FCC Rcd at 13256  17, 18. 
23 47 C.F.R.  97.501.
24 See NPRM, 20 FCC Rcd at 13256  17, 18.  
25 Id. at 13258  23.  FISTS requested that the Commission authorize Technician Class licensees to transmit 
digital communications on the frequency segments of the HF bands currently authorized to Novice and 
Technician Plus Class licensees.  Coppola requested that the Commission authorize Technician Class licensees 
operating privileges on the segment of the 10 meter (m) amateur service band currently authorized to Technician 
Plus Class licensees.  The Rightsell-Kholer Petition requested that the Commission authorize Novice, 
Technician, and Technician Plus Class licensees data communication and telegraphy frequency privileges in the 
80, 40, 15, and 10 m amateur service bands, and an expanded frequency segment for voice communications in 
the 10 m amateur service band, in addition to the privileges currently authorized Technician Plus Class licensees 
in the HF amateur service bands.  Other petitioners more generally requested that the Commission eliminate the 
difference between the Technician Class and Technician Plus Class licenses by authorizing Technician Class 
licensees the HF privileges now authorized to Technician Plus Class licensees on the basis that the international 
requirement for Morse code proficiency had been eliminated.  
26 Id. at 13259  24.  
27 Id.  
28 Appendix B contains a listing of the parties who filed comments and/or reply comments in response to the 
NPRM.
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10. On October 10, 2006, the Commission released the Report and Order in the Phone Band 
Expansion proceeding.  Among other actions, the Commission authorized amateur stations to transmit 
voice communications on additional frequencies in certain amateur service bands.  Specifically, the 
Commission expanded the 75 m band, which is authorized only for voice and image communications, from 
3750-4000 kHz to 3600-4000 kHz, thereby increasing the spectrum that amateur stations could use for 
voice communications.  As a consequence of this expansion of the 75 m band, the 80 m band, which is 
authorized for radio teletype (RTTY) and data communications, was reduced from 3500-3750 kHz to 
3500-3600 kHz.  On December 11, 2006, the ARRL filed a petition for partial reconsideration arguing that 
the 75 m band should not have been expanded below 3635 kHz,29 in order to protect digital operations in 
the lower end of the 80 m band.
III. DISCUSSION
A. Amateur Radio Operator Licensing Requirements
11. Background.  The current structure of amateur radio operator license classes, and the 
requirements for obtaining these licenses, were developed to simplify the license structure for the Amateur 
Radio Service while maintaining additional frequency privileges as an incentive for amateur radio operators 
to advance their communications and technical skills.30  As a licensee advances or "upgrades" to a higher 
class operator license, the licensee earns more frequency privileges.31 To qualify for a Technician Class 
operator license, an applicant must pass a thirty-five question written examination (Element 2) concerning 
the privileges of this license.32 The Technician Plus Class operator license required that an applicant pass, 
in addition to the Element 2 written examination, a five wpm telegraphy examination.33 To qualify for a 
General Class operator license, an applicant must pass an additional34 thirty-five question written 
examination concerning the privileges of the General Class operator license (Element 3), and a five wpm 
telegraphy examination (Element 1).35 To qualify for an Amateur Extra Class operator license, an 
  
29 See ARRL Petition for Partial Reconsideration at 4 (filed Dec. 11, 2006) (ARRL Petition).  The ARRL also 
requested that the rule change be stayed pending resolution of its petition for reconsideration.  ARRL Petition for 
Partial Stay of Effective Date of Rule (filed Dec. 11, 2006).  In light of our resolution of the ARRL Petition, we 
dismiss the stay request as moot.
30 See License Restructure Report and Order, 15 FCC Rcd at 322  12-13.
31 See 47 C.F.R.  97.301.  In the Amateur Radio Service license structure, an individual advances to a higher 
class of operator license by passing an examination that demonstrates increased telegraphy proficiency and/or 
more technical expertise than what the individuals present license class requires. There are four examination 
elements: the three written examinations required for the three classes of operator license, and the telegraphy 
examination.  See 47 C.F.R.  97.503. An examinee must pass different combinations of examination elements to 
qualify for the various operator licenses.
32 See 47 C.F.R.  97.503(b)(1).  The written examinations consist of multiple-choice questions.  
33 See Amendment of the Amateur Service Rules to Change Procedures for Filing an Amateur Service License 
Application and to Make Other Procedural Changes, Order, 9 FCC Rcd 6111 (PRB 1994).
34 Licensees who previously have passed an examination required for a higher class of operator license receive 
examination credit for the previously-passed examination.  See 47 C.F.R.  97.505.  
35 See 47 C.F.R.  97.503(b)(3).
Federal Communications Commission FCC 06-178
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applicant must pass the examination elements required for a General Class operator license and an 
additional fifty question written examination concerning the privileges of this license class (Element 4).36
12. In the License Restructure Report and Order, the Commission concluded that the public 
interest would best be served by reducing the telegraphy examination requirement for an amateur radio 
operator license to the minimum that would satisfy the Radio Regulations.37  As a number of petitioners
note, the Commission could not eliminate all telegraphy examination requirements at that time, due to the 
then-effective Radio Regulations requirement that a person demonstrate Morse code proficiency in order to 
qualify for an amateur radio operator license with transmitting privileges on frequencies below 30 MHz.38  
For this reason, the Commission eliminated, as a licensing requirement, the thirteen wpm and twenty wpm 
telegraphy examinations, and retained only the minimum telegraphy requirement of five wpm.39  
13. Decision.  In the NPRM, the Commission proposed to eliminate the requirement that a 
telegraphy examination be passed for an individual to qualify for either the General or Amateur Extra Class 
amateur radio operator license.40  The record reflects a division of views in the amateur radio community
regarding this proposal.  Many of the comments from individual amateur radio operators support 
eliminating the telegraphy proficiency requirement.  Other comments contend that telegraphy proficiency as 
a license qualification requirement is not necessary for the General Class operator license, but should be 
maintained for the Amateur Extra Class operator license.  Others argue that the present telegraphy 
examination requirements should be maintained because any reduction in these requirements will be 
detrimental to the amateur service while providing no long-term benefits.  
14. Based on our review of the record in the proceeding and on consideration of the various 
comments on this issue, we believe that because the international requirement for telegraphy proficiency 
has been eliminated, we should treat Morse code telegraphy as we do other communications techniques.  In 
this connection, we note that our Rules do not require individuals to pass a practical examination to 
demonstrate some degree of proficiency in non-telegraphy communications techniques.  Rather, individuals 
demonstrate knowledge of other communication techniques and technical qualifications by passing written 
examinations composed of questions that prove that the examinee possesses the operational and technical 
qualifications required for the privileges authorized by the operator license.41 We believe, therefore, that 
written examinations are sufficient to determine whether a person is qualified to be issued an amateur radio 
operator license.  Accordingly, we conclude that the public interest will best be served by eliminating the 
telegraphy examination requirement as a separate examination requirement in the amateur service.  To 
achieve this result, we will amend Section 97.501 of our Rules to eliminate the requirement that an 
individual demonstrate five wpm proficiency in telegraphy in order to qualify for a General or Amateur 
Extra Class operator license.  
15. In reaching this decision, we note that one of the fundamental purposes underlying our Part 
97 rules is to accommodate amateur radio operators' proven ability to contribute to the advancement of the 
  
36 See 47 C.F.R.  97.501(a).
37 See License Restructure Report and Order, 15 FCC Rcd at 329-30  25. 
38 See, e.g., ARRL Petition at 5; NCI Petition at 3; NCVEC Petition I at 6.
39 See License Restructure Report and Order, 15 FCC Rcd at 329-30  25.
40 See NPRM, 20 FCC Rcd at 13256-57  17, 18.  
41 See 47 C.F.R  97.503.  
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radio art.42 The Commission has previously stated that an individual's ability to demonstrate increased 
Morse code proficiency is not necessarily indicative of his or her ability to contribute to the advancement of 
the radio art,43 and the record before us shows that many commenters agree.  In the NPRM, the 
Commission expressed its belief that eliminating the telegraphy examination requirement would encourage 
individuals who are interested in communications technology, or who are able to contribute to the 
advancement of the radio art, to become amateur radio operators.44 A number of commenters agree that the 
Morse code requirement keeps individuals that would enhance the hobby from getting a license,45 and 
that there is no relationship between an individuals knowledge of Morse code and that individuals 
knowledge of radio regulations and practices and skills necessary to operate an amateur station.46 Other
commenters, while not disputing that telegraphy can and will continue to be a way to communicate, point 
out that amateur radio operators exchange messages using telegraphy only if they choose to do so,47 and 
that . . . interest and participation [in use of Morse code] should be voluntary, as it is with other sub-
specialties in the amateur service.48
16. Another fundamental purpose underlying our Part 97 rules is to enhance the value of the 
amateur service to the public, particularly with respect to providing emergency communications.49  Based 
on the record before us, we are not persuaded to depart from the pending proposal by the argument that 
telegraphy proficiency should be required because amateur radio stations may provide or assist with 
emergency communications.50  The Commission previously addressed the essence of this argument, and 
concluded that most emergency communication today is performed using voice, data, or video techniques, 
and that most amateur radio operators who choose to provide emergency communications do so using voice 
or digital modes of communication because information can be exchanged much faster using these modes 
rather than telegraphy.51 As a result, we find that requiring an individual to demonstrate Morse code 
  
42 See 47 C.F.R  97.1(b).  
43 See License Restructure Report and Order, 15 FCC Rcd at 329  25.
44 See NPRM, 20 FCC Rcd at 13249  3.
45 See Burt Wizeman Comments at 1; see also August J. Miller Comments at 1; Frederick J. St. John Comments 
at 1; William H. Perkins, Jr. Comments at 1; Verlyn Haahr Comments at 1-2.
46 See Charles Wackerman Comments at 1.
47 See Dean Crow Comments at 1; see also Charles Wackerman Comments at 1; Bruce W. Ellinger Comments at 
1; Brian Clark Comments at 1. 
48 See Gary Pearce Comments at 1; see also, e.g., Todd Buiten WK7L Comment at 1 (Morse code no longer 
plays a central role in amateur radio communications); Charles R. Flanagan Comments at 1 (the time has 
passed when knowledge of Morse code was a valid requirement for access to all amateur radio frequencies); 
Charles Carter Comment at 1 ("Morse code proficiency is irrelevant.).  Many other commenters favor deleting 
the Morse code requirement for all amateur radio license classes but do not provide a specific reason.  See, e.g.,
H. Allen Robbins Comments at 1; Gene McCalmont Comments at 1; Fred Mott Comments at 1; Brian Burke 
Comments at 1; Barrie D. Shepherd Comments at 1; Jody Bergman Comments at 1.
49 See 47 C.F.R  97.1(a).  
50  See, e.g., Garry Rife Comments at 1;  Duane Ridenour Comments at 1; Donald L. McClure Comments at 1; 
Dixie Coutant Comments at 1; Boyd F. Bilger Comments at 1.
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proficiency as a license qualification requirement is unrelated to licensees ability to provide or assist with 
emergency communications.  
17. We conclude that these considerations outweigh arguments that a telegraphy requirement is 
justified because telegraphy is historically and traditionally unique,52 and that telegraphy ability, as 
demonstrated by passing a test, has fundamental and enduring value53 to the amateur radio community. 
We also disagree that a Morse code proficiency testing requirement must be retained to insure the 
continued quality pool of amateur radio operators,54 or because the telegraphy examination is the only 
part of the licensing procedure that cannot be simply memorized.55  The record is devoid of a demonstrated 
nexus between Morse code proficiency and on-the-air conduct.  As a result, we concur with the observation 
that maintaining the code requirement does not purge amateur radio of bad operators.  Education and self-
policing does.56 As noted in the record, the claim that code requirements help eliminate bad apples 
from the radio hobby has not proven correct in the past and is not a viable argument for the present, or 
future.57
18. Finally, we disagree with commenters who support eliminating the telegraphy requirement 
for the General Class operator license, but advocate retaining it for the Amateur Extra Class operator 
license.58  The ARRL and others argue that the telegraphy requirement for the Amateur Extra Class 
operator license should not be eliminated because the Amateur Extra Class license ought to represent the 
ultimate in achievement in both technical and operating skills in Amateur Radio,"59 and "the number of 
radio amateurs who have achieved this ultimate license class clearly demonstrates that a 5 words-per-
minute telegraphy requirement is not a significant deterrent to those who aspire to it."60  We nevertheless 
believe that the public interest is not served by requiring facility in Morse Code when the trend in amateur 
(Continued from previous page)    
51 See License Restructure Report and Order, 15 FCC Rcd at 334  31; see also, e.g., David A. Behar Comments 
at 1 (Modern digital protocols and voice modes are far superior to Morse code for public service and emergency 
communications, and dropping the Morse code requirement will increase the pool of licensed amateur radio 
operators available for public service and emergency communications.).
52 See Michael J. Sparling Comments at 1; see also Martin J. Fenik Comments at 2; Dixie Coutant Comments at 
1; David Hoad Comments at 1; Boyd F. Bilger Comments at 1.
53 See Michael J. Sparling Comments at 1.
54  See Martin J. Fenik Comments at 1; see also, e.g., Dennis Gittens Comments at 1; Herman Campbell 
Comments at 1; Greg Molyneaux Comments at 1 (Morse code is a way of testing one[]s will and wanting to 
become a ham radio operator); D.B. Walter Comments at 1; Chris Murphy Comments at 1 (the code is 
somewhat of a filter, not perfect . . . but it does make you earn and value your license); Calvin Gorce Comments 
at 1.  
55 See Duane Budd Comments at 1. 
56 See Dennis N. Rosas Comments at 1; see also Woodrow C. Olson Comments at 1. 
57 See Eric R. Wolfe Comments at 1; see also Doug Younker Comments at 1. 
58 See, e.g., ARRL Comments at 4; John Marks Comments at 1; Mark Wenzel Comments at 1. 
59 See ARRL Comments at 4; see also Michael J. Sparling Comments at 1.
60 See ARRL Comments at 15; see also John Marks Comments at 1; Ignacy Justyna Comments at 1.  Other 
commenters favor retaining the Morse code requirement for the Amateur Extra Class license, but do not explain 
why.  See, e.g., Mark Wenzel Comments at 1.
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communications is to use voice and digital technologies for exchanging messages.  Rather, we believe that 
because the international requirement for telegraphy proficiency has been eliminated, we should treat Morse 
code telegraphy no differently from other amateur service communications techniques.  This reasoning 
applies equally to the General Class and the Amateur Extra Class operator licenses.  We are not persuaded 
that the Amateur Extra Class being the highest license class is a sufficient reason alone to retain a 
requirement that we conclude is otherwise inappropriate and unnecessary.61 We also note that our action 
here does not preclude Amateur Extra Class licensees, or for that matter, other amateur service licensees 
from pursuing and/or continuing to pursue Morse code proficiency should they so desire.  
B. Operating Privileges
19. Background.  The Part 97 rules specify operating privileges for the various license
classes.62  Currently, the Novice Class operator license authorizes voice or telegraphy operating privileges 
in segments of four HF amateur service bands and segments of two amateur service bands above 30 
MHz.63 The Technician Class operator license authorizes all operating privileges available to amateur 
radio operators on all amateur service frequencies above 30 MHz.64 An individual who holds a Technician 
Class operator license and, additionally, has passed a five wpm telegraphy examination is authorized 
Technician Class operator privileges plus the HF privileges authorized Novice Class licensees.65 The 
General Class operator license authorizes the holder all privileges of the Technician Class license plus all 
emission and frequency privileges in the MF band, and all emission privileges authorized in certain 
frequency segments of all HF bands that are authorized to amateur radio stations.66 An Advanced Class 
operator license authorizes General Class operator privileges plus additional frequency privileges in some 
of the HF bands that are authorized to amateur radio stations.67 An Amateur Extra Class operator license 
authorizes, in addition to General Class privileges, additional frequency segments in four of the HF bands 
that are authorized to amateur radio stations.68
20.  In the NPRM, the Commission denied several requests that it authorize additional 
operating privileges, particularly with respect to Technician Class licensees.69 In denying these requests, 
the Commission noted that these additional frequency bands and emission types in the MF and HF bands 
  
61 We disagree with the ARRL that code proficiency is not a disincentive to individuals qualifying for the 
Amateur Extra Class license.  We believe that most individuals who upgrade to the Amateur Extra Class license 
do not pass a telegraphy examination as part of the upgrade examination, but rather receive examination credit 
for a previously passed telegraphy examination.  See 47 C.F.R  97.505.  
62 See 47 C.F.R.  97.301(a)-(e).    
63 See 47 C.F.R.  97.301(e).  These privileges include, among others, authority to control a station transmitting 
telegraphy emission types in the 80, 40, 15, and 10 m amateur bands, and data and phone (voice) emission types in the 
10 m band.  
64 See 47 C.F.R.  97.301(a).  
65 See 47 C.F.R.  97.301(a), (e).  
66 See 47 C.F.R.  97.301(d).  
67 See 47 C.F.R.  97.301(c).  
68 See 47 C.F.R.  97.301(b).  Amateur Extra Class licensees are authorized to use all spectrum allocated to the amateur 
service.  
69 See NPRM, 20 FCC Rcd at 13258  23.  
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are currently authorized to General Class licensees, and that Novice and Technician Plus Class licensees 
can earn the requested additional privileges by passing only two or one written examinations, respectively.70
21. Decision.  The ARRL and other commenters point out that, if the Morse code requirement 
is eliminated, there will be a disparity between Technician and Technician Plus operating privileges even 
though licensees in both classes have passed the same written examination element.71  Based on our review 
of our Rules, we agree.  Consistent with our decision herein to eliminate the Morse code requirement, we 
are eliminating this disparity by amending Section 97.301(e) to afford Technician and Technician Plus 
licensees identical operating privileges.72 Thereby, licensees in both classes of license will have voice and 
telegraphy privileges identical to Novice Class licensees in four HF amateur service bands.  In eliminating 
this disparity between Technician and Technician Plus licenses, we are simplifying the amateur service 
licensing structure and promoting regulatory parity.  
C. Number of Amateur Radio Operator License Classes
22. Background. In the NPRM, the Commission denied several requests for establishment of a 
new introductory operator license that would not have a Morse code requirement but would give licensees 
access to the VHF and UHF amateur bands and limited telegraphy, data and voice privileges in the HF 
bands.73 The Commission reasoned that eliminating telegraphy testing, as we do here today, would make 
the introductory class license superfluous because new entrants could qualify for a General Class license by 
passing two examination elements.74 Thereby, the new entrant would be afforded access to significantly 
more spectrum than contemplated for the introductory class license.
23. Decision.  In its comments, the ARRL again requests that we establish a new introductory 
amateur service license.75  In support of this request, the ARRL contends that the current entry level license 
class, the Technician Class operator license, "is demonstrably neither attractive to newcomers nor 
encouraging in terms of retaining the interest of license holders."76 It also argues that elimination of the 
telegraphy examination as a requirement for the General Class license "will likely result in a significant 
  
70 Id. at  24.  
71 See ARRL Comments at 13; see also Mark Wenzel Comments at 1; John Marks Comments at 1.  
72 See ARRL Comments at 13.  We note that because Technician Class licensees licensed before March 21, 1987 
passed Element 3, the General Class written examination, rather than Element 2, the Technician Class written 
examination element, Technician Class licensees licensed before March 21, 1987 will continue to receive 
examination credit for Element 3 when they upgrade to a General Class operator license.  See 47 C.F.R.  
  97.505(a)(8).  Verification of such  licensing may be requested  by sending 1987 licensing information to 
FCC, 1270 Fairfield Road, Gettysburg, PA 17325-7245, ATTN: Amateur Radio License Verification Request.  
73 See NPRM, 20 FCC Rcd at 13261  26-30.  Specifically, the Commission denied a request from the ARRL that 
it replace the current entry-level operator license, the Technician Class license, with a new entry-level "Novice" 
Class operator license that would include VHF and UHF privileges, and limited HF telegraphy, data, and voice 
privileges without requiring a Morse code test and a request from the NCVEC that we establish a new 
Communicator Class license as the new introductory amateur service operator license.  See id. at 13261  27.
74 Similarly, current Technician Class licensees may obtain additional operating privileges by passing one 
examination element. 
75 See ARRL Comments at 2-3, 10-13.  
76 Id. at 7-8.
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increase in license upgrades from those Technician Class licensees who have remained involved in amateur 
radio" to the General and Amateur Extra Class operator licenses.77 However, the ARRL asserts that 
eliminating the requirement for telegraphy proficiency, "without more, will have no effect on newcomers to 
the amateur service" and, therefore, will not result in "sustained growth" in the number of amateur service 
licensees.78  Other commenters support some form of entry level HF license category parallel to the 
Novice-Technician level79 or a learners class of license that is suitable for the classroom.80 They 
assert, for example, that the nation needs an entry class license whereby younger children can enter the 
amateur service and become interested in communications and engineering.81 Current examinations for 
amateur radio licenses ensure, at a minimum, that the applicant understands the Commissions rules for the 
service and the fundamental principles of radio communication.  None of the proponents of an introductory 
level license has shown how an introductory level license examination would achieve an equivalent 
understanding of the rules and of radio communications fundamentals.  Further, the record is devoid of 
sufficient objective and quantifiable information that would cause us to conclude that the current 
examinations and/or the current FCC Amateur Radio Service license structure are a significant barrier to 
persons seeking an amateur radio license.  Moreover, our action today in eliminating the Morse code 
proficiency test undercuts one of the primary purported advantages of a code-free introductory class of 
license.  Accordingly, we believe that the current licensing structure, as modified herein, provides 
significant and sufficient incentives for  participation in the amateur radio service, and based on the record 
before us at this time, we decline to establish a new introductory class of amateur radio license.
24. In light of the decisions we have reached in this proceeding and in the Phone Band 
Expansion proceeding,82 we conclude that no additional changes to the privileges of the Technician Class 
operator license are needed at this time.  As discussed above, the rules adopted herein grant Technician 
Class licensees additional operating privileges in four HF bands, which at least partially addresses 
commenters' desire for an introductory license class that allows licensees to communicate over a wider 
geographic area.  We believe, therefore, that the ARRL's concerns have been substantially addressed by the 
actions we have taken.  
25. Additionally, we are declining ARRLs request that Novice and Technician Class licensees 
be given voice and image83 privileges in certain segments of the 80, 40, 15 and 10 m bands.84 Our action 
  
77 Id. at 11-12.  Additionally, we are concerned that the ARRL has provided no data that shows that authorizing 
Technician Class licensees additional operating privileges would have the effect it intends, i.e., would result in 
sustained growth in the number of amateur service licensees.  Rather, we agree with Mr. Byers that growth in the 
number of amateur service licensees is affected by potential operators being "more attracted to noise-free 
communication plus vivid color images so easily obtainable with computer internet connection than radio 
operation," and other factors such as other avocation activities available to individuals and the difficulty an 
individual encounters in pursuing these activities.  See Stanley C. Byers Comments at 1.  
78 See ARRL Comments at 11-12.
79 See Gary Irwin Sklar Comments at 1.
80 See John Marks Comments at 1.
81 See David M. Aronovitz Comments at 1; see also Gary Irwin Sklar Comments at 1.
82 See Amendment of Part 97 of the Commissions Rules Governing the Amateur Radio Services, Report and 
Order, WT Docket No. 04-140, 21 FCC Rcd 11643 (2006) (Phone Band Expansion).  
83 Image emissions are facsimile and television emissions having certain emission designators.  See 47 C.F.R.      
 97.3(c)(3).
Federal Communications Commission FCC 06-178
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today giving Technician Class licensees the same privileges as Technician Plus Class licensees does 
effectively provide some of the relief ARRL seeks because Technician class licensees now have voice and 
digital privileges in the 10 m HF band.  However, we are concerned that giving Novice and Technician 
class licensees voice privileges in the other HF bands would be a disincentive for these licensees to improve 
their knowledge and skills and attain a higher class license.  Passing the thirty-five question written 
examination for the intermediate class of license -- the General Class85 -- is well within the capability of 
most, if not all, Technician and Technician Plus licensees, particularly given the study guides and other 
aids available from, among others, the ARRL.  However, providing the complete relief ARRL requests and 
removing most of the reward for passing the examination -- access to other HF bands -- would likewise 
remove the incentive to do so and would be inconsistent with the Commissions rationale for establishing 
different operator license classes.  We therefore are not persuaded that we should make further changes in 
the operating privileges attendant on the current license classes given the record before us.
D. Conforming Rule Changes
1. Automatically controlled digital stations.
26. Background. In the Phone Band Expansion proceeding, the Commission authorized amateur 
stations to transmit voice communications on additional frequencies in certain amateur service bands.86  
Specifically, the Commission expanded the 75 meter (m) band, which is authorized only for voice and 
image communications,87 from 3750-4000 kHz to 3600-4000 kHz, thereby increasing the spectrum that 
amateur stations could use for voice communications.  The Commission took this action because the record 
in that proceeding indicated that increasing the amount of spectrum for voice communications will reduce 
interference among stations using voice communications, thereby benefiting all licensees, and that 
authorizing more spectrum for voice communications will more closely reflect licensees' operating 
preferences, thereby resulting in more efficient use of amateur service spectrum.88  As a consequence of 
this expansion of the 75 m band, the 80 m band, which is authorized for radio teletype (RTTY) and data 
communications,89 was reduced from 3500-3750 kHz to 3500-3600 kHz.  Section 97.221(b) of the 
Commissions Rules, however, provides that a station may be automatically controlled while transmitting a 
RTTY or data emission on, among other frequency segments, 3620-3635 kHz.90 Because 3620-3635 kHz
will no longer be authorized for RTTY and data communications due to its inclusion in the expanded 75 m 
band, the failure to specify an alternative frequency segment in the 80 m band for automatically controlled 
stations transmitting a RTTY or data emission would prevent amateur service licensees from using any 
portion of the 80 m band for such stations.  
(Continued from previous page)    
84 The requested privileges include telegraphy and data emission privileges in certain segments of the 80, 40, 15, 
and 10 m amateur bands, and voice and image emission privileges in other segments of the same bands, in 
addition to the privileges the Technician Class license presently authorizes.  
85 See 47 C.F.R.  97.501.
86 Phone Band Expansion R&O, 21 FCC Rcd at 11650-51  11.  
87 See 47 C.F.R.  97.305(c). 
88 See Phone Band Expansion R&O, 21 FCC Rcd at 11650  10.  
89 See 47 C.F.R.  97.305(c).
90 See 47 C.F.R.  97.221(b).
Federal Communications Commission FCC 06-178
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27. The ARRL argues that we should protect automatically controlled stations transmitting a 
RTTY or data emission in the 80 m band by expanding the 75 m band only to 3635-4000 kHz, rather than 
3600-4000 kHz.91  We conclude that the expansion of the 75 m band should not be so limited, because of 
the need, discussed above, for more spectrum for voice communications.  We agree with the ARRL, 
however, that the Commission did not intend to reduce the amount of spectrum available for automatically 
controlled digital stations.92  To correct this unintended consequence of the rules adopted in the Phone 
Band Expansion proceeding, we amend Section 97.221(b) to again authorize a segment of the 80 m band to 
be used for automatically controlled digital stations. Specifically, we authorize these stations to transmit in 
the 3585-3600 kHz frequency segment.  We believe that because this frequency segment is very near the 
3620-3635 kHz frequency segment now authorized for RTTY and data communications and because 
licensees generally have frequency-agile equipment, they will be able to shift their operations to this 
frequency segment with minimal difficulty.  We also note that this frequency segment, like the previously 
authorized frequency segment, is in the band segment authorized for RTTY and data communications, and 
that it provides the same amount of spectrum as was previously authorized for automatically controlled 
digital stations in the 80 m band.
2. Reciprocal operation by CEPT licensees
28. Background.  In 1998, the Commission amended its Rules to allow a person who has a 
European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations (CEPT) radio-amateur license . 
. . issued by the country of which the person is a citizen, and who satisfies other requirements in the 
Commissions rules,93 to be the control operator of an amateur radio station at a location where the 
Commission regulates the amateur service.94 Section 97.301(a) currently authorizes a station controlled by 
a person who has been granted a CEPT radio-amateur license of any class the privileges authorized to
Technician Class amateur service licensees.95 Section 97.301(b) authorizes a station controlled by a person 
who has been granted a CEPT radio-amateur license Class 1 the privileges we authorize Amateur Extra 
Class licensees.96  In 2003, CEPT removed the then-mandatory Morse code requirement for amateur 
service licensing and reduced the number of amateur radio license classes from two to one.97
  
91 See ARRL Petition at 4.
92 See id. at 6 (citing Amendment of Part 97 of the Commission's Rules Governing the Amateur Radio Services, 
Notice of Proposed Rulemaking and Order, WT Docket No. 04-140, 19 FCC Rcd 7293, 7300  11 (2004)).  As the 
ARRL notes, the Phone Band Expansion R&O did not delete 3620-3635 kHz from the frequencies on which 
Section 97.221(b) authorizes operation of automatically controlled digital stations, which further indicates that 
the Commission did not intend to reduce the spectrum available for such operations.  See ARRL Petition at 10.
93 See 47 C.F.R  97.5(d).  
94 See Biennial Regulatory Review -- Amendment of Parts 0, 1, 13, 22, 24, 26, 27, 80, 87, 90, 95, 97 and 101 of 
the Commission's Rules to Facilitate the Development and Use of the Universal Licensing System in the Wireless 
Telecommunications Services, Report and Order, 13 FCC Rcd 21027, 21103 (1998); see also 47 C.F.R.  
97.5(d).
95 See 47 C.F.R.  97.301(a).  
96 See 47 C.F.R.  97.301(b).  
97 See European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations (CEPT) Recommendation T/R 
61-01 (Nice 1985, Paris 1992, August 1992, Nicosia 2003).  
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29. To conform our rules to reflect that CEPT has reduced the number of amateur classes 
from two to one, we will amend Section 97.30198 to authorize Amateur Extra Class privileges to all 
individuals who have been issued a CEPT radio-amateur license by their country of citizenship, and who 
satisfy other requirements in the Commissions rules.99  The good cause exception to the notice and 
comment provisions of the Administrative Procedure Act applies to our amendment of Section 97.301.100  
The United States is a signatory to the CEPT agreement and we thus must give effect to CEPTs 
establishing a single license class.  Given that obligation, it is unnecessary -- and also would be 
unproductive -- to provide notice and receive comment in advance of taking this action.
IV. CONCLUSION
30. In summary, we believe that the public interest will be served by revising the amateur 
service rules to eliminate the telegraphy testing requirement.  We also believe that these rule changes will 
allow amateur service licensees to better fulfill the purpose of the amateur service and will enhance the 
usefulness of the amateur service to the public and licensees. 
V. PROCEDURAL MATTERS
A. Final and Supplementary Final Regulatory Flexibility Certifications.  
31. The Regulatory Flexibility Act of 1980, as amended (RFA),101 requires a regulatory 
flexibility analysis to be prepared for notice and comment rulemaking proceedings, unless the agency 
certifies that the rule will not, if promulgated, have a significant economic impact on a substantial number 
of small entities.102 The RFA generally defines the term small entity as having the same meaning as the 
terms small business, small organization, and small governmental jurisdiction.103 In addition, the 
term small business has the same meaning as the term small business concern under the Small 
Business Act.104 A small business concern is one which: (1) is independently owned and operated; (2) is 
  
98 47 C.F.R.  97.301.  
99 See 47 C.F.R.  97.5(d).  These requirements include, among other things, that the person must not be a 
resident alien or citizen of the United States, regardless of any other citizenship also held, and that the person not 
hold an FCC-issued amateur operator license or be a prior amateur service licensee whose FCC-issued license 
was revoked, suspended and relicensing has not taken place, or surrendered for cancellation following notice of 
revocation, suspension or monetary forfeiture proceedings.
100 See 5 U.S.C.  553(b)(3)(B).  The Administrative Procedure Act allows an agency to promulgate rules without 
notice and comment "when the agency for good cause finds (and incorporates the finding and a brief statement of 
reasons therefore in the rules issued) that notice and public procedure thereon are impracticable, unnecessary, or 
contrary to the public interest."  Id.
101 See 5 U.S.C.  603.  The RFA, see 5 U.S.C.  601 612, has been amended by the Small Business Regulatory 
Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996 (SBREFA), Pub. L. No. 104-121, Title II, 110 Stat. 857 (1996).  
102 See 5 U.S.C.  605(b).  
103 See 5 U.S.C.  601(6).  
104 See 5 U.S.C.  601(3) (incorporating by reference the definition of small business concern in the Small 
Business Act, 15 U.S.C.  632).  Pursuant to 5 U.S.C.  601(3), the statutory definition of a small business 
applies unless an agency, after consultation with the Office of Advocacy of the Small Business Administration 
and after opportunity for public comment, establishes one or more definitions of such term which are appropriate 
to the activities of the agency and publishes such definition(s) in the Federal Register.  
Federal Communications Commission FCC 06-178
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not dominant in its field of operation; and (3) satisfies any additional criteria established by the Small 
Business Administration (SBA).105  
32. In this Report and Order and Order on Reconsideration, we amend the Rules that specify 
the examination requirements for an amateur service operator license, and we provide additional spectrum 
for operation of automatically controlled digital stations.  The amended rules apply exclusively to 
individuals who are or desire to become licensees in the Amateur Radio Service.  Such amendments are in 
the public interest because they will more closely align the Commissions rules with the international Radio 
Regulations applicable to the amateur service and will allow more individuals to contribute to the 
advancement of the radio art by becoming amateur radio operators.  The rule changes do not result in any
mandatory change in manufactured amateur radio equipment.  Therefore, we certify that the rules reflected 
in this Report and Order and Order on Reconsideration will not have a significant economic impact on a 
substantial number of small entities.  The Commission will send a copy of the Report and Order and 
Order on Reconsideration, including a copy of these Final and Supplementary Final Regulatory Flexibility 
Certifications, to the Chief Counsel for Advocacy of the SBA.106 This certification will also be published 
in the Federal Register.107
B. Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 Analysis
33. This Report and Order and Order on Reconsideration has been analyzed with respect to 
the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (PRA), Public Law 104-13, and found to contain no information 
collection requirement.  In addition, it does not contain any new or modified information collection burden 
for small business concerns with fewer than 25 employees, pursuant to the Small Business Paperwork 
Relief Act of 2002, Public Law 107-198, see 44 U.S.C.  3506(c)(4).
C. Congressional Review Act
34. The Commission will send a copy of this Report and Order and Order on 
Reconsideration in a report to be sent to Congress and the General Accounting Office pursuant to the 
Congressional Review Act, see 5 U.S.C.  801(a)(1)(A).
D. Alternative Formats
35. To request materials in alternative formats for people with disabilities (Braille, large print, 
electronic files, audio format), send an e-mail to <FCC504@fcc.gov> or call the Consumer and 
Government Affairs Bureau at (202) 418-0530 (voice), (202) 418-0432 (TTY).  This Report and Order
and Order on Reconsideration also may be downloaded from the Commissions web site at 
<http://www.fcc.gov/>. 
36. For further information, contact William T. Cross, Mobility Division, Wireless 
Telecommunications Bureau, (202) 418-0691, or TTY (202) 418-7233. 
VI. ORDERING CLAUSES
37. IT IS ORDERED that, pursuant to Sections 4(i), 303(f), 303(r), and 332 of the 
Communications Act of 1934, as amended, 47 U.S.C.  154 (i), 303(f), 303(r) and 332, this Report and 
Order and Order on Reconsideration IS ADOPTED.
  
105 See 15 U.S.C.  632.  
106 See 5 U.S.C.  605(b).  
107 See id.  
Federal Communications Commission FCC 06-178
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38. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Petition for Partial Reconsideration filed by the 
American Radio Relay League, Inc. on December 11, 2006 is GRANTED to the extent indicated above, 
and otherwise DENIED.
39. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Petition for Partial Stay of Effective Date of Rule 
filed by the American Radio Relay League, Inc. on December 11, 2006 is DISMISSED AS MOOT.
40. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Part 97 of the Commission's Rules IS AMENDED as 
specified in Appendix A, effective [30 days after publication in the Federal Register].
41. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Commissions Consumer and Governmental Affairs 
Bureau, Reference Information Center, SHALL SEND a copy of this Report and Order, including the 
Final and Supplementary Regulatory Flexibility Certifications, to the Chief Counsel for Advocacy of the 
Small Business Administration.
FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION
Marlene H. Dortch
Secretary
Federal Communications Commission FCC 06-178
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APPENDIX A
Final rules
Chapter 1 of Title 47 of the Code of Federal Regulations is amended as follows:
Part 97 - Amateur Radio Service
The authority citation for part 97 continues to read as follows:  
AUTHORITY:  48 Stat. 1066, 1082, as amended; 47 U.S.C. 154, 303.  Interpret or apply 48 Stat. 
1064-1068, 1081-1105, as amended; 47 U.S.C. 151-155, 301-609, unless otherwise noted.
1.  Section 97.3 is amended by revising paragraph (a)(12) to read as follows:  
 97.3 Definitions.
(a) * * * 
(12) CEPT radio amateur license. A license issued by a country belonging to the European Conference of 
Postal and Telecommunications Administrations (CEPT) that has adopted Recommendation T/R 61-01 
(Nice 1985, Paris 1992, Nicosia 2003).
* * * * * 
2.  Section 97.221 is amended by revising paragraph (b) to read as follows:
 97.221   Automatically controlled digital station.
(a) ***
(b) A station may be automatically controlled while transmitting a RTTY or data emission on the 6 m or 
shorter wavelength bands, and on the 28.12028.189 MHz, 24.92524.930 MHz, 21.09021.100 MHz, 
18.10518.110 MHz, 14.095014.0995 MHz, 14.100514.112 MHz, 10.14010.150 MHz, 7.1007.105 
MHz, or 3.5853.600 MHz segments.
* * * * *
3.  Section 97.301 is amended by revising paragraphs (a), (b) and (e) to read as follows:  
 97.301  Authorized frequency bands.
* * * * * 
(a)  For a station having a control operator who has been granted a Technician, Technician Plus, General, 
Advanced, or Amateur Extra Class operator license, who holds a CEPT radio amateur license, or who 
holds any class of IARP: 
* * *  
Federal Communications Commission FCC 06-178
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(b)  For a station having a control operator who has been granted an Amateur Extra Class operator license, 
who holds a CEPT radio amateur license, or who holds a Class 1 IARP license:
* * *
(c) * * * 
(d) * * * 
(e) For a station having a control operator who has been granted an operator license of Novice Class, 
Technician Class, or Technician Plus Class:
* * * * *  
4.  Section 97.501 is amended by revising paragraph (a) and (b) to read as follows:  
 97.501 Qualifying for an amateur operator license.
* * * * *
(a) Amateur Extra Class operator: Elements 2, 3, and 4;
(b) General Class operator: Elements 2 and 3;
* * * * *
5.  Section 97.503 is amended by removing paragraph (a), redesignating paragraph (b) as an undesignated 
introductory paragraph, and redesignating paragraphs (b)(1)-(3) as paragraphs (a)-(c), respectively.  
6.  Section 97.505 is amended by removing paragraphs (a)(4), (a)(5), (a)(7), and (a)(9), redesignating 
paragraphs (a)(6) as (a)(5) and (a)(8) as (a)(4), and revising paragraphs (a)(1)-(a)(3) to read as follows: 
 97.505 Element credit.
(a)  * * * * *
(1)  An unexpired (or expired but within the grace period for renewal) FCC-granted Advanced Class 
operator license grant: Elements 2 and 3.
(2)  An unexpired (or expired but within the grace period for renewal) FCC-granted General Class operator 
license grant: Elements 2 and 3.
(3)  An unexpired (or expired but within the grace period for renewal) FCC-granted Technician or 
Technician Plus Class operator (including a Technician Class operator license granted before February 14, 
1991) license grant: Element 2.
* * * * *
Federal Communications Commission FCC 06-178
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7.  Section 97.507 is amended by removing paragraph (d) and revising paragraphs (a), (a)(2), and (c) to 
read as follows: 
 97.507 Preparing an examination.
(a)  Each written question set administered to an examinee must be prepared by a VE holding an Amateur 
Extra Class operator license. A written question set may also be prepared for the following elements by a 
VE holding an operator license of the class indicated:
(1)  * * * 
(2)  Element 2: Advanced, General, or Technician Plus Class operators.
(b)  * * * * * 
(c)  Each written question set administered to an examinee for an amateur operator license must be 
prepared, or obtained from a supplier, by the administering VEs according to instructions from the 
coordinating VEC.
8.  Section 97.509 is amended by removing paragraph (g), redesignating paragraphs (h)-(m) as paragraphs 
(g)-(l) respectively, and revising paragraph (f) to read as follows:  
 97.509 Administering VE requirements. 
* * * * *
(f) No examination that has been compromised shall be administered to any examinee. The same question 
set may not be re-administered to the same examinee.
 * * *
Federal Communications Commission FCC 06-178
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APPENDIX B
List of commenters
A. J. Waters III
A Paul Miner, N7JTL
Robert Patzlaff
Aaron Bentley
Aaron O'Donnell
Acevedo Eladio, WP3MW
Adair Deon Winter
Adam Dickinson, KE7DXP
Adam Glickman
Adam M. Farson
Adam Tarpley
Adin Miller
Adolf Burggraff
A.J. Bernardi
Akin Brill
Alan Adler
Alan C. Marshall
Alan D. Hatfield
Alan Darling
Alan G. Corey
Alan Huff
Alan Knabe
Alan L. Waller, K3TKJ
Alan L. Anderson
Alan Lefor
Alan M. Christman
Alan M. Maslin, N3EA
Alan Moffet
Alan Rabin
Alan T. Whatley
Alan W. Dye
Alan Wolfe
Alanna Adler Conder K4AAC
Albert F. Moreschi II
Albert H. Kirchner, III
Albert J. Ernest
Albert J. Schramm, W3MIV
Albert J. Silver
Albert L. Sinopoli, P.E.
Albert O. Ewing
Albert T. Lenny
Alcangel Viera, KB2NNF
Alejandro Hernandez
Alex Calabrese
Alex V. Flinsch, AB2RC
Alexander Berger
Alexander G. Carver
Alexander Krauska
Alfred LaPeter, Jr.
Alice G. Burroughs
Allan Avnet
Allan E. Hobron
Allan F. Lindner
Allan J. DeBlasio
Allan Kruger
Allan L. Eckman
Allan R. Pelletier
Allan W. Russell
Allan Young
Allen Bare Jr
Allen J. Zimmerman, K3WGR
Allen Kenny
Allen Moulder, KQ6IY
Allen R. Watkins
Allen Walker
Almon C. Turner
Alt Robert Jr.
Alton Churchill
Alton E. McConnell III, NU8L
Alton Higgins
Alun L. Palmer, N3KIP
Alvie B. Stiefer, KD5NHY
Alvin Eugene Dionizio
Alvin G. Alexander
Alvin Riesbeck
American Radio Relay League
Amir Findling
Andre' Munoz
Andre Robatino, KS1W
Andrea Cook
Andrew C. Austin
Andrew Crouthamel
Andrew Jay Nabholz
Andrew Kayton
Andrew Lokken
Andrew McGinley
Andrew Pepper
Andrew R. Ellis
Andrew Rosengarten
Andrew Schmidt
Andrew Theismann
Andrew W. Bonnot
Andrew W. Hampton
Andrey Endri Stoev
Andy Dlinn, WA2FFY
Angel L. Rodriguez, KE4THL
Anne Fanelli
Anne Greer
Anthony B. Van Hesteren
Anthony C. Cash
Anthony Cinelli
Anthony F. Japha
Anthony Good. K3NG
Anthony J. Brignole III
Anthony J. Cioffi
Anthony J. Oresteen
Anthony J. Ruffini
Anthony M. Doriguzzi
Anthony Phoenix
Anthony R. Gargano
Anthony York
Anthony Zambino
Archie Hamm
Archie R. Willis
Arjan Bok
Armin F. Doneis, Jr.
Armond Noble
Arthur A. Ellis
Arthur Craigmill
Arthur J. Roberts
Arthur L. Weiss
Arthur Lekstutis
Arthur R. Lewis
Arthur S. Gillespie,Jr., K4TP
Arthur T. Nickel, K0ART
Arthur T. Staniec
Arthur Wolfman
Arvid M. Monson
Ashley Geelan
Aubrey H. Saxe
Audie L. Kennedy
August J Miller, KD7VRU
Avery J. Wright, KD4GBA
Boylin
Peter Treml, K8PT
B. Rech
B. Scott Andersen
Barbara Flanagan
Barbara Jackson
Barbara L. Nixon, KB3LDM
Barbara Lee Steward
Barbara Levow
Barbara Olson-Arenz
Barclay J. Tullis
Barrie Arnett, N7ATC
Barrie D. Shepherd
Barron A. Moreland III
Barry Bettman
Barry David Stamper
Barry E. Butz, N8PPF
Barry E. Lewis
Barry Hiddema
Barry N. Kutner, M.D.
Barry P. Rummel
Barry Parker
Barry S. Newberger
Barry Selk
Bart Hamilton
Beau Lundmark
Bela W. Lindenfeld
Ben Cook
Ben F. Worrell
Ben G. Nichols III
Ben Hasse
Ben Johnson
Federal Communications Commission FCC 06-178
22
Benedict Nardi
Benjamin E. Manley
Benjamin Franske
Benjamin S. Gelb
Benson J. Owens, K5KV
Benson Scott M.D., AE5V
Benson Wills
Bernard Basel
Bernard Fineberg
Bernard K. Skoch
Bernie Wimmers
Bertus Weijers
Betty A. Ballard
Beverly Hoff
Bill E. Barry
Bill Green
Bill Rowan
Bill Sohl, K2UNK
Bill Vargas
Bill Walch
Bill Houston
Billy R. Fuller
Billy E. Whitehead Jr
Billy R. Jones
Bindy Boylin
Blaine Nay
Blane Wilson
Bob Adams
Bob Kruppa
Bob Mann
Bob Martin
Bob McLaughlin, KE7DEN
Bob Richardson
Bob Smith
Bobby Atkinson
Bonnie A. Brown
Bonnie Crystal
Boyd F. Bilger
Boykin M. Roseborough
Brad Anderson
Brad Brazil
Brad J. Penn
Brad Sauter
Brad Smith, WA5PSA
Bradford G. Luce, KI4JGL
Bradford L. Denison
Bradford McKirryher
Bradford Whiting
Bradley Farrell
Bradley J. Taylor
Bradley R. Jones
Brandon S. Jones
Brandon White
Bren Doreck
Brendan W. Bellamy
Brennan T. Price
Brent Crier
Brent Rygh
Brett Miller
Brian Beaudine, KE5FXP
Brian Bird, NX0X
Brian Burke
Brian Carling
Brian Cater
Brian Clark
Brian Coyne
Brian Crum
Brian D. Hechel
Brian D. Shoemaker
Brian Dall
Brian Edward Murray
Brian Erwin, KC9FAV
Brian Harris
Brian John Baden
Brian Jones, KD4UYP
Brian K. Walker
Brian K. Jones
Brian Keahl
Brian L. Umbrell
Brian Line
Brian Litzenberger, N0PMZ
Brian M. Mulder
Brian M. Davis
Brian Maynard
Brian Palmer Ness
Brian Roberts
Brian Sullivan
Briggs Longbothum
Brion C. Gilbert
Brock Thomsen
Bruce  M. Sheldon
Bruce A. Grabhorn
Bruce A. Shartzer Sr.
Bruce Broder
Bruce C. Reavis
Bruce C. Thompson
Bruce D. Lee  KC0TDZ
Bruce E. Krell
Bruce Mackey
Bruce Manning
Bruce Marton
Bruce Meier
Bruce N. Liddel
Bruce Payne KD7MHP
Bruce Prothe
Bruce R. Wozniak
Bruce S. Graham Jr.,
KC2OGT
Bruce Vernon Wood
Bruce W. Ellinger
Bryan Johns, K4GDW
Bryan King
Buddy R. Nighswonger
Buddy Walker
Burnell D. Hanson, KA0GX
Burnie Joe Dunn
Burt Rooke
Burt Wizeman
Byron L. Schmidt
Byron Stoeser
C. Mills
D. Williams Jr.
C. Dunn
C. Gaylen Gage
C. Mark Tyler
C. Martin Rose
C. Olheiser, II
Caitlyn M. Martin
Caleb Squires
Calvin Groce, N4AAD
Calvin White
Cameron C.R. Bailey
Candice G. Bradley
Carl Costa
Carl D. Avers
Carl Dwaine Cannon
Carl Horn, WL7BDO
Carl L. Morgan
Carl Nelson
Carl Piojda
Carl Pommerening
Carl Rod
Carl Strode
Carl Young
Carleton Ingerson
Carlos J. Martinez
Carlos Portela
Carlos Quinones
Carma B Wallace
Carmine Sisto Scappaticci
Carnita McKeithen
Caroline M. Ballard
Carroll Kent
Casey Raskob, Esq.
Catherine Hage
Catherine Jones
Catherine Rech, KC0VET
Cathy Lynn Stanfill
Chad Cochran
Chad Michael Rust
Charles A. Montoya
Charles B. Girt
Charles B. Small
Charles Belavitz
Charles Bess
Charles C. Milton
Charles Cameron Hedrick
Charles Carter
Charles Croley
Charles D. Barton
Charles D. Brabham
Charles D. Singleton
Charles D. Summers, W4DON
Charles De Poalo
Charles DiLuglio, Esquire
Charles Durell Bouldin Jr.
Charles E Dodson Jr.
Charles Easley
Charles F. Wegener
Charles G. Carter
Federal Communications Commission FCC 06-178
23
Charles H. Bowen, KB1KHD
Charles H. Dunlap, Jr.
Charles H. Ferguson
Charles H. Swim
Charles Haberman
Charles Hanebuth
Charles Hardy
Charles Howell
Charles I. Gehring
Charles I. Jones
Charles J. Dietzel
Charles J. Guenther, Jr.
Charles Johnson
Charles Kiddwell
Charles L Cooper jr.
Charles L Hamilton, LTC
Charles L. Kimtantas
Charles L. Young
Charles Lee Smith
Charles Liberto
Charles Nagel
Charles Plunk
Charles R. Meola
Charles R. Thompson III
Charles R. Flanagan
Charles R. Olson
Charles S. Fullgraf
Charles S. Spafford
Charles Schenck
Charles Sekafetz
Charles T. Rauch
Charles T. Roberts
Charles W. Maxwell, Jr.
Charles W. Russell
Charles Wackerman
Charles Wasko
Charles Wooten, NF4A
Charles Wyatt
Charles Young, AG4YO
Charlie Hoy
Charlie Jarman, W4TCJ
Charlotte Jockisch
Chasity Sharp
Chato Sanchez
Chester T. Alderman
Chet Bruzewski
Chet Jensen
Chip Diamond
Chris Bradshaw
Chris Ebert
Chris Holmes
Chris Irwin
Chris J. Smith
Chris Jeffers
Chris Mason
Chris Mekelburg
Chris Tallerico
Chris Terpstra, K9RMA
Chris Underwood, K7UND
Chris W. Steward
Christian K Ainsley
Christian Reynolds
Christine Walker
Christopher A. Spacone
Christopher B. Hays
Christopher B. Lee
Christopher C. Corley,
KI4JPG
Christopher Danis
Christopher E. Martinka
Christopher Glaves
Christopher Hann
Christopher J Galbraith
Christopher J. Hicks, 
KC8KVA
Christopher J. Whitley
Christopher Kantarjiev
Christopher Kent
Christopher Kupiec
Christopher M. Meier
Christopher Mingrone
Christopher Morrow
Christopher P. Murphy
Christopher P. Wendling
Christopher Porter
Christopher Rausch
Christopher Salinas
Christopher A. Cornwell
Chuck Houlihan
City College of San Francisco 
CJ Crosby, K4RAF
Clara M. Lyons
Clarence Maise
Clark Martin, Ph.D.
Clark R. Mankin
Clarron G. Buzzell Jr.
Claude A. Slomczewski,
N2CAS
Claude R. Beard
Clay Porlier
Clay Redden
Clayton M. Dungey
Clement King Heberle III
Cliff Duvall
Cliff Segar
Clifford B. Faulkner
Clifford B. Jordan
Clifford H. Segar
Clifford L. Hazen
Clifford M. Broughton
Clifton Doane
Clifton K. Inabinet, Jr.
Clinton Spaar III
Clyde Deitz
Clyde Dobson
Clyde F. Gilmore Jr.
Colin Crook
Colin H. Wheatley
Colin Jenkins
Colin K. Phoon
Colin Phoon
Collin Brendemuehl
Collin Collier
Condie Taylor
Connie L. Butz, KC8DLG
Cortland E. Richmond
Cotter W. Sayre
Courtney B. Duncan, N5BF
CQ Communications, Inc.
Craig Atkins
Craig Buchanan
Craig D. Kollai
Craig J. Scherer
Craig K. Wilkes
Craig M. Kingstom
Craig Rairdin
Craig Sharrow
Craig Wm. Vagell, WR2G
Cris D. McBride, M.D.
Curt A. Cochran, WA4KSO
Curtis J. Robison
Curtis Lee Parrish
Curtis Milton
Curtis W. Jennings
Cyril H. Halbach
Cyrus B. Rowe
Cyrus Turner
D. Stussy, KD6LVW
D.E. Dallmann
D.A.C. Crowell
Dale Bennett
Dale C. Lathrop
Dale F. Janes
Dale Keener
Dale Mosby
Dale Pfaffle
Dale Van Asdall
Dale W. Kirk Sr.
Dale Wagner
Dalen Kruse
Dallas Anderkin, KC0SZK
Damon Morris
Dan Clark
Dan Moline
Dan Pueppke
Dan Schulin
Dan Sears
Dan Starkenburg
Dan Tredwell
Dan Trigona
Dan Trigona
Dan Tucker
Dan Vanevenhoven
Dan Walz
Dan Withers
Dana D. Dyer
Dana H. Myers
Dana Jeffries
Dana Luke
Daniel A. Coner
Federal Communications Commission FCC 06-178
24
Daniel B. Kennedy, Jr.
Daniel C. Dresser
Daniel E Wade Jr.
Daniel F. Janda, Jr.
Daniel Farren
Daniel Guyor
Daniel J. Steele
Daniel J. Califf
Daniel Johnson
Daniel L. Mullins
Daniel L. Jeswald
Daniel L. Rounda
Daniel L. Walz
Daniel Leahr
Daniel M. Reynolds
Daniel M. Wietchy
Daniel Mattingly, N0FQN
Daniel McNally
Daniel Olewine
Daniel Oswald
Daniel Potter
Daniel Pruitt
Daniel R Scott
Daniel R. Baugh, KE7FEV
Daniel R. Dorsey, Jr.
Daniel R. Quintiliani
Daniel S. Freeman
Daniel S. Levine
Daniel Sedej
Daniel Sekerak
Daniel V. Wolff, Jr., 
KA7AGN
Daniel Wade Jr., N3WRH
Danny Costa
Danny G. Jockisch
Danny Hofmeyer
Danny Mullins
Danny Richards
Darin Cy Gacuzana, NT4XT
Darin Watrous, KE7BBF
Darrell C Curtis
Darrell G. Snow
Darrell Graham
Darrell W. Deel
Darren Sheremeta
Darryl G. Lindberg
Darryl J. Kelly
Darryl Ponder
Daryl Bennett, KD8BNY
Daryl Moser
Dave Allen
Dave Metzger, K8GVK
Dave W. Johnson
David  A. Depew, KF6TPQ
David A. Lunsford
David A. McCarthy
David A. Wagner
David A. Baysinger
David A. Begue
David A. Behar
David A. Berry, KB1EBE
David A. Hasty
David A. Letterman
David A. Reidland
David A. Splitt
David Adam Lawler
David Allen Taylor
David Avakian
David B. Perrin
David B. Rowe
David B. Smith
David Bates
David Beal
David C. Bachus
David C. Hallam
David C. Sanders
David C. Varner
David Clark Flack
David Coursey
David Crow
David Crusan
David D. Lee
David D. Meacham, W6EMD
David Dale White
David Doll
David Drummond, W4MD
David Dula
David E. Heil
David Kleeberg
David E. Lucas
David E. Rudd
David Fenderson
David Fisk
David Fuller, K4DMF
David G. Brink
David G. Umbaugh
David G. Wilkie
David Gallego
David Glenn
David Gowin
David Greer
David H. Hamley
David H. Hersh, K3LKN
David H. Stanley
David H. Walker
David Haigh
David Hargrave
David Hoad
David Hochfelder
David Holm
David Homan
David Huber
David Hurd
David Hutcherson
David J. Blum, KF4GTJ
David J. Duffey
David J. Lank
David J. Ring, Jr.
David Jorde
David K. White
David Keith Carter
David Kern
David Kidd
David Knight
David L. Williamson
David L .Wright
David L. Carlson
David L. Meadows
David L. Mollus
David L. Stinson, AB5S
David Lay, KD8BMT
David Logan Fuseler
David Love
David Luken
David M. Aronovitz
David M. Baldwin
David M. Carney
David M. Clark
David M. Colburn, KD4E
David M. Drumheller
David M. Kaye
David M. Koester
David M. Leininger
David M. Moseley
David M. Rogovitz
David Marchant
David Mark Ledford
David Mark Samsell
David McAnally
David McInnis
David Merser
David Michael Thaxton
David Milburn
David Mitchell
David Naatz
David P. Schutlz
David Papas
David Perata
David Porter Johnson, M.D.
David R. Fuller
David R. Reynolds
David R. Clouser
David R. Gagnon
David R. Jones, Jr.
David R. Kanitra
David R. Michel
David R. Richardson
David R. Metz
David Reidland
David S. Dostie
David S. Markowitz
David Samsell
David Sanford
David Schlicher
David Scroggins
David Simons
David Stanley Vigne
David Stewart
David Sulltrop
David T. Conley
Federal Communications Commission FCC 06-178
25
David Tibbdo
David Tisdale
David Van Der Weele, WA3L
David W Luby
David W. Freese
David W. Perham
David W. Rudd
David West, WU3J
David Williams
David Yates
Dawn M. Cecil
Dean Calvin
Dean Crow
Dean Gibson, AE7Q
Dean Larson
Dean Quackenbush
Dean Sonneborn
Deana M. Newby
Deborah Hunter
Deborah Maria Sanders
Dee Wayne Williamson
Del Harper
Demos Doulou, KR4US
Denise Burstein
Dennis A. Silage
Dennis Barker
Dennis Daniel
Dennis E. Blair
Dennis E. Jones
Dennis E. LaPierre
Dennis F Ledford
Dennis Franklin  K6DF
Dennis G. Eksten, W9SS
Dennis G. Sarver
Dennis Gittens
Dennis Herman Dignen
Dennis J. Ponsness
Dennis L. Haight Jr
Dennis M. Barrett
Dennis Major
Dennis Mangrobang
Dennis N. Rosas
Dennis Powell, N9WAG
Dennis Raymond Zabawa
Dennis San Miguel
Dennis Stevens
Dennis Thompson
Dennis Young
Denyse Walter
Derek Kaser
Derril Conrad Smith
Derwood Sink Puckett
Dewey Wyatt
Dexter Anderson, W4KM
Dick Geordan
Dick Kenney
Dirk D. Anderson  KG6QNK
Dirk Esterline
Dixie Coutant
Dolores Coppola
Don  W. Hammond
Don B. Cook
Don Bruce DeCaria
Don Calbick
Don Carver
Don F. McGrath
Don Forshaw
Don M. Watson
Don Silva
Donald A. Karvonen, K8MFO
Donald A. Michalek
Donald Ahlskog
Donald Ashurst
Donald B Walter, W7NG
Donald B. Chester
Donald C. Lama
Donald D. Devins, Jr.
Donald Drew Robinson
Donald E. Michel
Donald F. Anderson
Donald G. Skidmore
Donald Hay
Donald J. Alter
Donald J. Backys
Donald J. Sinex
Donald J. Ware
Donald Jerome Schreck
Donald K. Patterson
Donald Kemp
Donald Kirby
Donald Kirstine
Donald Kramer
Donald L. Loose
Donald L. Vickers
Donald L. Collinson, K2DC
Donald L. McClure
Donald L. Smith
Donald L. Stringfellow
Donald Price
Donald R. Finch, KO4PD
Donald R. McCall
Donald R. Bozarth
Donald R. DeLeon
Donald R. Wankel, Jr.
Donald Russell
Donald S. Morris Jr.
Donald S. Kirk
Donald Schaefer, W5PXO
Donald Schichler
Donald T. Brown
Donald Verner Bodeen
Donald W. DeJarnette
Donald W. Douglas
Donald W. Kelly, K5UOS
Donald W. Thomas
Donald Young
Donn K. Keever, WA9TVS
Donn K. Mendricks, KD8CDG
Donn L. Fether, KC8DMH
Donn P. Hornberger
Donna Seibold
Donna Seltzer
Donna Sue Mercure
Donna T. Almond
Donnie C. Fort
Doran S. Platt III
Dorothea A. Anton
Dorothy Louise Jubon
Dorrain Sawyer
Doug Flory
Doug Freeman
Doug Hansel
Doug Huchteman
Doug Lodge
Doug Muir
Doug Schumpert
Doug Vernier
Doug Younker
Douglas A. Poppa
Douglas A. Bennett
Douglas Aldrich
Douglas C. Diederichs
Douglas C. Rathman
Douglas Durrett
Douglas E. White
Douglas G. Birky
Douglas G. Gehring, 
WA2NPD
Douglas J. Held
Douglas L. Lockett
Douglas Losty
Douglas M. Casamer, 
W8DMC
Douglas M. Crandall
Douglas M. Ream, AB5FG
Douglas Noble, WA3VKW
Douglas Pracko
Douglas R. Dickinson
Douglas S. Hilton, AG4FL
Doyle B Ross
Doyle E. Wilcox Jr.
Duane Anderson, NA3VY
Duane Budd, W5BEN
Duane K. Larson
Duane L. Seibold
Duane Ridenour
Duane Whittingham
Dustin M. Williams
Dwayne J. Sparks
Dwayne J. Sparks, AK4P
Dwayne Sparks
Dwayne Terry
Dwight D. Weidman
Dwight Hamilton
Dwight W. Smith
Dyana Fox
David Reitzel
H. Lloyd
E.C. Veregge
E.M. Henson
Federal Communications Commission FCC 06-178
26
Earl Paazig
Earl Decker
Earl Ford
Earl R. Hutchison
Earl S. Gosnell III
Ed Griffith
Ed Lossing
Ed Phelps
Ed Thompson
Ed Tyler
Ed Witonski
Eddy H Moore, KB5SZO
Edgardo Flores
Edgardo J. Ralat, Jr.
Edmund Smith
Edward A. Cienki
Edward A. Rainsberger
Edward Browder
Edward C. Norris
Edward E. Buck
Edward F. Morris
Edward F. Williamson
Edward F. Bullard
Edward Franks, KE5CAX
Edward G. Piele
Edward H. Linch III
Edward J Caffray
Edward J Sprole
Edward J. Gansen
Edward J. Jarmolowicz
Edward L. Kirkpatrick
Edward Louis Cope
Edward M. Briggs
Edward M. Wise
Edward Milcarsky
Edward P. Lapinski
Edward V. Kirkley
Edward V. Hobbs
Edwin L. Johnson
Edwin L. Robinette
Efstratios Imvriotis, KE5DCI
Egbert C. Craig, Jr., WA2SI
Elaine Eppick
Elaine Howard
Elbert C. Pack
Eldon A. Reeves
Eleanor Virginia Flack
Elijah Figueroa
Elise Caffray, KB2TGZ
Ellis C. Foley Jr
Elmore N. Scott, Jr.
Elwin Liske
Emery Wooten
Emil Strunk
Emily Sarah Lineback
Enrico M. Bernardi, K1UUG
Eric Bjorkquist
Eric C. Swansen
Eric Chambers
Eric Gildersleeve
Eric Hilbert
Eric J. Christianson
Eric James Goforth
Eric Kaup
Eric L. Moore
Eric M. Hughes
Eric M. Gildersleeve
Eric Moeller, KC5FOG
Eric Norvell
Eric P, Thompson
Eric R. Wolfe
Eric S. Heistand
Eric W. Stover
Eric Ward
Erich Franz Stocker
Erik VanRenselaar
Ernest D. Brown
Ernest Howard
Ernest N. Brown
Ernest V. Murphy III
Ethan M. Rush
Ethell Logan
Eugene E. Savelli
Eugene Pentecost
Eugene R. Cummings
Evan Anderson
Evan P. Rolek
Evelyn Courtney
Everett Gaussion
Everett H. Davis Jr.
Evert L. Hastie III, KC0FUE
Ewan Moore
B. McWilliams
Faye A. Bernardi
Fernando E. Vidal
Floy Leon Perrett, Jr.
Floyd A. Vann
Floyd Bumpus
Floyd Clifford Fox
Floyd Soo
Francis C. Riley, Jr.
Francis J Drake, Jr.
Francis Kennard Dill Jr.
Francis M. Sauciunas
Francis M. Walsh
Francis W. D. Steimel,  
KE4TTA
Francisco A. Diaz-Gonzalez
Francisco Celedon
Frank Brewer, KA0GGI
Frank C. Kollins
Frank Daniel Collins
Frank J. Krizan, KR1ZAN
Frank N. Musso
Frank N. Smoyer
Frank O. Long
Frank Pattillo
Frank Peppe
Frank R. Lombardi
Frank S. Mayer
Frank Videnich
Frank W. Napurano
Frank W. Thrash
Franklin D. Shears
Franklin E. McNally
Franklin W. Keeney, IV
Fred Barry Wheeler
Fred Bennett, KD8BNZ
Fred C. Richards II
Fred Dayton
Fred Federlein
Fred Hambrecht
Fred Horton
Fred J. Fuhrer
Fred K. Klein
Fred Marengo, KI4KQO
Fred Pfeiffer
Fred Stuart
Fred W. Becker
Fred W. Hawkins
Fred Wagner
Freddie Herndon Jr.
Freddie Herndon Sr.
Frederic C. Leiner
Frederick C. von Gortler IV
Frederick J. St. John
Frederick K. Hoefler
Frederick M. Mott
Frederick M. Spinner
Frederick Tower
Frederick V. Adsit
Frederick W. Holt
Frederick Ziel
Fritz H. Woeller
Bryson Lewis
Kwitka L. Milner
G. Scott Davis
G. Warren Coleman
Ganiel G. May
Garry L. Rife
Garry R. Shapiro
Gary A. Martek
Gary D. Nixon
Gary Davis
Gary E. Barrett
Gary E. McClellan
Gary F. Grant
Gary F. Hooper
Gary Fryer
Gary Fuchikami
Gary G. Altman
Gary G. Nelson
Gary Gail
Gary Hamilton
Gary Hoops
Gary Irwin Sklar
Gary J. DiClemente
Gary J. Sharbuno, WI9M
Gary Jones
Gary Kauffman
Federal Communications Commission FCC 06-178
27
Gary Ketterman
Gary Knight
Gary Kohtala
Gary L Calvert
Gary L Smith
Gary L. Stratton, Sr.
Gary L. Swelander
Gary Lippert
Gary M. Bode, Jr.
Gary M. Garrett
Gary McMeins
Gary Michael Withington
Gary Pearce, KN4AQ
Gary Q. Hallman
Gary Ramon
Gary Soukup
Gary Venturelli
Gary W Johnson
Gary W. Overton
Gary Wilson
Gavin Alexander Groce
Gene A. Nailon
Gene Baker
Gene Diveglia
Gene McCalmont
Gene Wallace
George A Marsh Jr.
George A. Hoffman
George A. Kerrick
George Angel
George Averill
George C. Mullins, KC8QWW
George D. Ballentine
George Davis
George E. Jones
George E. Keller
George F. Ayala
George F. Allgood
George Girod
George H. Stimpson
George Hadley
George Helser
George Hopkins
George J. Diering III
George J. Jett
George J. McCouch
George Karaberis
George LaBelle
George M. Combs
George Maag, N9SMN
George O. Martin Jr.
George Oberg
George R. Fagan
George R. Schuchman
George R. Thurner
George R. Whitenight, Jr.
George Robert Steding
George S. Sherfick
George S. Harlem
George Staudacher
George W. Kutcher, Jr.
George W. Lee
George W. Oberg
George William Lindquist, Jr.
Gerald Celmer
Gerald Duane Payton
Gerald Foster, KB1IYC
Gerald G. Reedg
Gerald Gaule
Gerald J. Coleman
Gerald J. Jurrens
Gerald R. Colvin
Gerald Ranger
Gerald Sharp KD0GS
Gerald Wicklund
Geraldine N. Pond
Gerard F. Foisy, KD1RM
Gil Woodside
Gilbert S. Edwards
Gilliam T. Lineberry
Giovanni Portelli
Girard G. Henne
Glen A. Mackie
Glen E. Hazen
Glen E. Zook
Glen L Akins III
Glen R. Garrity Sr., KB1DNI
Glendal Floyd
Glenn Breaux
Glenn Brumit
Glenn Gifford
Glenn J. Lester
Glenn Jones
Glenn K. Helwig
Glenn Pourteau
Glenn S. Gardner, K9ALT
Glenn Stewart, N7NRA
Gordon Baillie
Gordon Bello, K1GB
Gordon Denno, AH6DA
Gordon F. Blaney
Gordon Hennon
Gordon J. Grove
Gordon J. Jones
Gordon O. Moe
Gordon R. Smith
Gordon V. West
Gordon Walker
Grady E. McCright
Graf Buckenmaier
Grant E. Kemp
Grant Willner
Greg Bramlett
Greg Deczkowski
Greg Johnson
Greg Knapp
Greg Lowry
Greg M. Scheff
Greg Molyneaux
Greg Prewitt
Greg Rokisky,WR7C
Greg Siemasz
Gregg C. Mulder
Gregg Wonderly
Gregory Black
Gregory C. DeChant
Gregory C. Rogan
Gregory G. Foster
Gregory Hammerel
Gregory Harris
Gregory J. Beat
Gregory J. Curti Sr
Gregory J. Harris
Gregory L. Smith
Gregory Richards
Gregory S. Merth
Gregory T. Douds
Guenther H. Hennig, 
KF4WFA
Guy D. Cusumano, KO2U
Guy Greg Hovland
Guy H. Barnhart
Guy J. Shields
A. Jefcoat
Allen Robbins
Hal G. Hazel
Hannu Ollkkala
Hans Brakob, K0HB
Hans Gallude
Harilaos Volikas
Harold Cole Jr.
Harold F Wintcher WAORGG
Harold F. Burchards
Harold F. Wintcher, Jr
Harold H. Frank
Harold L. Rhinehart
Harold L. Snyder, Jr
Harold Naramore
Harold Ort
Harold Ritz
Harold S Croyts
Harold Wayne Kyle
Harry Steger
Harry Antenucci
Harry Eugene Smith
Harry G. McGavran, Jr.
Harry Lindholm
Harry Martin
Harry Morgan
Harry S. Nordman
Harry W. Andrews
Harvey A. Hill, Jr.
Harvey B. Zilm
Harvey E. Smith
Harvey Headley
Harvey Nelson
Hayes Robert L.
Hazel Shiver
Heather Kline
Hector E. Perez
Federal Communications Commission FCC 06-178
28
Henry N. Wixon
Henry R. Mackey
Henry Schweizer
Henry Thompson
Henry W. Foglesong
Henry Wyatt
Herb Blair
Herb Gerhardt, KB7UVC
Herbert B. Copes
Herbert Goodman
Herbert H. Atwood
Herbert J. Ulrich, Jr., K2VH
Herbert T. Schrader
Herman Campbell
Herman J. Harrell
Hilary F. Johnson
Hollis Thigpen
Holmes, Peter J.
Hope Francisco
Howard Edwards
Howard F. Marquette III
Howard F. Holden, WB2AWQ
Howard Frailey, N4HLF
Howard G. Roland
Howard P. Gould
Howard R. Dutcher
Howard Reed Clayton, Jr.
Howard S. White
Howard W. Pepper, Jr.,
AC4FS
Hubert G. Farr
Huel L. Young
Hugh Allen Scott, Jr.
Hugh Armstrong
Hugh B. O'Donnell, W3FUO
Hugh Fisher
Ian M Hoffman
Ignacy J. Justyna
Ira  L. Bray
Ira B. Rothenhoefer
Ira Dorfsman
Ira Wexler
Irca Cochran
Irene Kubica
Irvin LeBlanc
Irwin Shapiro
Isidoro Flores Jr
Ivan James Aeschliman, 
W7WJM
C.  Bienvenu
Daniel Conroy
L. Smith
T. Burik
J. Bruce Prior, PhD., N7RR
J. D. Heil
J. David Cook
J. David Killingsworth
J. Michael Freeman
J. R. Fitch
J. Steven Cochrane
J.B. Edmonds
J.D. Brown
J.G. Hilty
J.R. Laughlin
J.R. Laughlin
Jack B. Friend
Jack Daane
Jack E. West, W7LD
Jack Hudson, K2LNX
Jack K. Neal
Jack L. Berry
Jack L. Weber
Jack M. Dipolito
Jack R. Bitzer
Jack R. Leverich
Jack Thomas Wilson
Jack W. Markum
Jack W. Winter
Jackie LaVaque
Jackson A. Beard
Jackson Murray Neece
Jaclyn L. Price
Jaime E. Vega
Jaimie Blackstone, P.E., 
KG4YUU
James A. Buscemi
James A. Denneny Jr
James A. Scarlett
James A. Bassett
James A. Kvochick
James A. Pond
James A. Rounds, K9WA
James Allen Buckner
James Backus
James Barr
James Beckett
James Boyer, KD8YX
James Bromley
James Brown
James Burton Wilcox
James Buttler
James C. Flynn Jr.
James C. Still
James C. Tuggle, KC0NYK
James C. Wiskow
James Carvalho
James Clarke
James Curtis Bradshaw
James Custer
James D. Harris
James D. Harrison, KG4PBI
James D. Bradley, Jr.
James D. Duffer
James D. Isham
James D. Jorgensen
James D. Milam
James D. Norris
James D. Rogers
James D. Townley
James D. Walker, Jr.
James David Harris, W9GRN
James Deane
James Doran
James Dow, N8KSL
James E. Bond
James E. Cook
James E. Greenhaw
James E. Jor
James E. Billings
James E. Davis
James E. Hamann
James E. Smith, II
James E. Walsh, K9ARO
James Edward Pryor
James Edwin Whedbee, M.Ed.
James Eller
James F. Bishop
James F. Walroth, MD
James Ferenz Jr
James Fisher
James Garner
James Griffin
James Griggs, W7MCO
James Groce
James H. Williams
James H. Cason
James Harper
James Hayes
James Hong
James K. Boomer
James K. Jones
James Keith White
James Kennedy, W5SSG
James Kilian
James L. Murray
James L. Skupien
James L. Albrinck
James L. Anderson
James L. Hill
James Kennedy
James L. Mason, W4RCX
James L. Reynolds
James L. Stuart
James Lanigan
James Lanigan   WA3ERQ
James Leone
James Lovell
James M. Goldenberg
James M. Huffaker  N0PKH
James M. Perryman
James M. Surprenant
James M. Sutkoff
James Marty Shelton
James N. Falls
JAMES NUNLEY
James O. Rice
James O. Nipper
James O'Brien
James P. McNamara
James P. Gillespie
Federal Communications Commission FCC 06-178
29
James P. Hamilton, W8BZY
James P. Hedgcoth
James P. Hidalgo
James P. Miccolis
James Pastorfield
James Phillips
James R. Cunningham K0JRC
James R. Manery
James R. Parker
James R. Geisinger
James R. Gish
James R. Harvey
James R. Humphries
James R. Manery
James R. Mooney
James R. Poole, K4VBH
James R. Stutesman
James Reasland
James Rospopo
James S. Rasmussen
James S. Simeone
James Seeber
James Seifert
James Sereda
James Sikorski Jr.
James Sleeman
James Stalzer
James T. Hanlon
James T. Viele
James Tittsler
James V. Staples
James V. Houser 
James W. Andrews
James W. Chaffin
James W. Jennings
James W. Kassel
James W. Lumley
James W. Forrester
James W. Kelley
James W. Lampman
James W. Mitchell
James Wades
James Wiles
James William Blythe
James Wissick
Jan A. Blair
Jan H. Clute, N0AAA
Jan Smoller
Jane Ann Evans
Jane Tymko
Jason Baker
Jason Brantley
Jason C W Steele
Jason Goesch
Jason Hsu, AA0II
Jason M Benson
Jason M. Peterson
Jason Murphree
Jason R. Allery
Jason R. Bunty
Jason T. Holland
Jason Vierik
Jason W. Springstead,
KD7WAX
Jay Lyle Home
Jay S. Gutknecht
Jay Schwisow
Jay Townsend
Jayson A. Quilantan
J.D. Sheek
Jean W. Swann
Jeem E. Newland
Jeff Bauder, N3JBH
Jeff Beiermann
Jeff Bolen
Jeff D. Payne
Jeff Daugherty
Jeff Folk
Jeff Kane
Jeff Maxwell
Jeff Zappitello
Jeff Ziroli
Jeffery A. Walter
Jeffery H. Moore
Jeffery Lowry
Jeffrey A. Cain
Jeffrey A. Frank
Jeffrey Brown
Jeffrey Eugene Roush
Jeffrey Geiger
Jeffrey K. Parker
Jeffrey Kelly Koger
Jeffrey L. Bauder
Jeffrey L. Butz
Jeffrey Levine
Jeffrey Lynn Bible, K4MFD
Jeffrey P. Miller
Jeffrey R. Folk
Jeffrey S. Mumma
Jeffrey W. Griffin
Jeffrey Waters
Jeffry Milburne
Jennifer Collins
Jennings H. Cox
Jere A. Houser
Jeremy Preece
Jeremy Williams, KC9CNI
Jerome Dorsky
Jerome Keller
Jerome Palmer
Jerry A. Jordan, KD4PJO
Jerry Abrams
Jerry Baumeister
Jerry Boyd
Jerry Bursztyn
Jerry C. Wilson
Jerry Calvin Wilson
Jerry Conover
Jerry D. Stewart
Jerry Dale Wallace
Jerry Day
Jerry Eastman
Jerry Gault
Jerry L Parsons
Jerry Lee Sanders
Jerry Lee Wallace
Jerry M. Turner Sr.
Jerry Mills, W4RBE
Jerry W. Allison
Jess E. Materne
Jesse E. Rutherford
Jesse T. Franklin, K9GO
Jessie Justice
Jim Culligan
Jim Donaldson
Jim Dunbar
Jim Garrett
Jim Garrison
Jim Hefferon
Jim Jacobs
Jim Jenco
Jim Kehn
Jim Monahan, K1PX
Jim Ralston
Jim Schropp
Jim Swaters
Jim Wallgren
Jim Weir
Jim Winney
Jimmy D. McGinnis
Jimmy Don Starnes
Jimmy L. Miller
Jimmy Turner
Jiro Oi
Jo Ann K. Seltzer
Joanne Kidwell
Joaquin Curate
Jody Bergman
Jody P. Bergman
Joe Alvin
Joe B. Ford
Joe Brownell
Joe Chaykowsky
Joe Consolo
Joe E Hampton
Joe Eady
Joe Hannigan
Joe Kennedy
Joe Kowalski
Joe M. Word
Joe Mallon
Joe Martin / KM5CW
Joe Sloss
Joe Smith
Joe W. Johnson
Joe White
Joel Green
Joel Papke
Joel R. Miller
Joel R. Stanley
Federal Communications Commission FCC 06-178
30
Joel Touchet
Joel Ware, IV
Joey G. Hailey
Joey Graham
John  C. Petty
John Damiano
John  Pottier
John  Wallack
John A. King
John A. Pettinelli
John A. Reynolds
John A. Amos
John A. Bredesen, Sr.
John A. Donaldson
John A. Etling
John A. Pawlicki
John A. Sheffield
John Adams
John Altman
John Amos Ficke
John Atkinson
John Austin
John B. Johnston
John B. Rotondi
John Belfore
John Birkett
John Blackburn, WR8D
John Blimke, KC9GSW
John Bradley
John C Barnwell II
John C. Parker
John C. Playford
John C. Shidler
John C. Trice
John Canady
John Ceccherelli
John Combs
John Cowan
John D. Alexander, Jr.,  
W5VMY
John D. Conroy
John D. Hoskinson
John D. Kasupski
John D. Oscar, AE9DX
John Daniel Otnes, KG4IMD
John D'Errico
John Des Jardins
John Dewey
John E. Taylor
John E. McCaughrean
John E. Pugh
John E. Schnupp
John Ellis
John Eric Grumling
John F. Dougherty
John F. Kraus II
John F. Markham Jr.
John F. O'Neal, Jr.
John Fisk
John Fontaine N2NH
John Francis Fleming
John Frank
John Gasal
John Germanos
John Getz
John Gianotti
John Glowacki
John Goold
John Grant
John Grimm
John Gustav Delly
John H. Schrader, W1JHS
John H. Way
John H. Ault
John H. Bauer
John H. Gordon
John H. Hotchkiss
John H. Unrath
John Hack
John I. Harris
John Iacono
John Inman
John J. Doughty Jr.
John J.  Clark, Jr
John J. Blair, N2MMM
John J. Pineau, W1LXA
John J. Smolenski
John J. Trainor
John Janssen
John Johnston
John K. Helmbold
John Kuntz
John L. Arnold
John L. Cheek, Jr.
John L. Helfer, WB2KGD
John L. Murphy III
John L. Occolowitz
John L. Roth
John l. Smith
John L. Stenroth
John Laird
John Layman
John Lederer
John Leediker
John Leeds
John M. Field
John M. Paterson Jr.
John M. Bradley
John M. Critz
John M. Marks
John M. West
John Malenchik
John Martin
John Mattesini
John Mauger III
John McCormick
John McQueed
John Michael March
John Mihalko
John Miller
John Musick Hunt, Jr.
John Nicholas Brow
John Nisbet
John Noss
John O'Keefe
John OToole
John P. Cunningham
John P. Fullingim
John P. Sagi
John Pane
John Peter Callaghan
John Peter Callaghan
John Pfeifer
John Pottier
John R. Bingham
John R. Holmes
John R. Marshall
John R. Martinelli
John R. Sheets
John R. Sproat, Jr., W4JS
John Reilly
John Roe
John Roellig, NX8B
John S. Burningham,W2XAB
John S. Litton
John S. Morahn, N9WQR
John S. Rippey, W3ULS
John S. Slater
John Shea
John Siegel
John Smith
John Snowden, KC8SXE
John Sosa-Trustham
John Starr
John Steven Drager
John Steven Knittel
John Sweeney
John Swicord
John T. King
John Terry
John Veillon
John W. Benedict
John W. Cartinhour
John W. Gregson
John W. Hughes
John W. McCall
John W. Olsen
John W. Schanlaub
John W. Shean, N9TV
John W. Thompson, K3MD
John W. Tiley Jr.
John W. Van Dolah
John Weitermann
John Wheeler
John Whitt
JOHNNY J. O'DELL
Jon Adams
Jon Davis
Jon M. Hager
Jon M. Lenhert
Federal Communications Commission FCC 06-178
31
Jon M. Schumacher
Jonathan Case
Jonathan Craig Wallen
Jonathan D. Blake
Jonathan Green
Jonathan Jewell
Jonathan McAloon
Jonathan Mitchell Agnew
Jonathan R. Baldwin
Jonathan Taylor
Jonathan Weirmeir
Jordan Nash
Jorge J. Serralles
Jorge M. Arroyo
Jorge Sierra
Jose L. Santisteban Jr.
Jose Rivera
Joseph A. Ames Jr
Joseph A. Colouch
Joseph A. Sun
Joseph Bezy
Joseph C. Stevens
Joseph Chambley
Joseph Consolo
Joseph Diomar Carvalho
Joseph Eisenberg, K0NEB
Joseph F. Giacone
Joseph H. March
Joseph J. Reekie
Joseph J Squashic
Joseph J. Burgess
Joseph J. Register
Joseph Juliano
Joseph K. Duval 
Joseph M. Bernardi
Joseph M. Ferrara
Joseph M. Isabella, N3JI
Joseph M. Mallon, KG4MYM
Joseph M. Wilson
Joseph Mark Harrison
Joseph Mustazza
Joseph P. Kononchik
Joseph P. Pace
Joseph R Semer
Joseph R. Thomas, Jr.
Joseph Raymer
Joseph Ronald Lewis
Joseph S. Lord,W1PNH
Joseph S. Oliver
Joseph Schulte
Joseph Speroni
Joseph Tomasone
Joseph W. Hill
Joseph W. Jackson
Joseph W. Trench
Josh Kaufman
Joshua A Buchmann
Joshua D. Williams, KE7BAV
Joshua J. Long
Joshua Keller
Joshua Osterman, K4JHI
Joshua Welsh
Josiah Hill
Juan M. Leyva, KE5DSR
Juan P. Ferrari
Juan W. Wilson
Judith R. Barrett
Judy Bultman
Judson L. Ahern
Julian Lindsay Sortland
Julius B. Chiller Jr. WD8BIL
Julius Fazekas
Justen T. Diamond
Justin A. Williams
Justin C. Cox
Justin K. Watters,
KA5FAP
Kane ZuHone, WA2DAX
Karen Estes
Karen Helms
Karen K. Stoker
Karen L. G. Russo
Karen Oi
Karl Ernst
Karl F. Larsen
Karl H. Geng
Karl Knisley
Karl M. Rautmann
Karl Rautman
Karl Sandstrom
Karl Sierka
Karl W. Bullock, WA5TMC
Katherine Wasserman
Kay W. Hargis
Kayla C. McGraw
Kay-Uwe Kasemir,
KE5FQY
Keith A. Seltzer
Keith Borgstrom
Keith D. Wentzel
Keith DeLong
Keith E. Barze
Keith Haye, WE0G
Keith Highlands
Keith LaBorde
Keith McIntosh
Keith McKenzie
Keith McQueen
Keith Milburn
Keith Vanderlinden
Kelly Andrews, KD4EWG
Kelly Ward
Ken Dorshimer
Ken Ledford
Ken Mitchell
Ken Rogers
Ken Visek, W9VF
Kendall Kurth
Kenn Rothman
Kenneth Backlund
Kenneth A. Sanders
Kenneth A. Jones
Kenneth A. Smith
Kenneth Allen Howe
Kenneth B. Adams, K1KBA
Kenneth C Murray, N9BLK
Kenneth C. Ace
Kenneth Cronyn
Kenneth D. and Lucille S. Farr
Kenneth D. Johnston
Kenneth Davis
Kenneth E. Harris Jr.
Kenneth E. Love
Kenneth E. Stiles
Kenneth E. Stringham, Jr
Kenneth Edward Neubeck
Kenneth F. Winterling, 
WA2LBI
Kenneth G. Knight
Kenneth Hanson
Kenneth Harrigan
Kenneth J. Deruisseau
Kenneth J. Halliwell
Kenneth J. McCormick III
Kenneth L. Gibson
Kenneth M. Beck
Kenneth P. Dickinson
Kenneth P. Eppler
Kenneth R. Handschuh
Kenneth R. Hunter
Kenneth R. Tolliver
Kenneth Richard Snyder
Kenneth Skinner
Kenneth Stovesand
Kenneth W. Hoehn
Kenneth W. Hurst
Kenneth W. Lodge, WA3AUP
Kent Andersen
Kent E. Gunnison
Kent Olson
Kenthony Price
Kevin Abnett
Kevin Angus
Kevin Ballard, Jr.
Kevin Brian Edwards
Kevin D. Balmforth
Kevin D. Kesler
Kevin Dale Swesey
Kevin Duffy
Kevin Hulina
Kevin J. Strishock
Kevin J. Zang, KB3DMY
Kevin M. Denman
Kevin M. Hurst
Kevin M. Pietriyk
Kevin O'Dell
Kevin Roberts
Kevin S. McClain
Kevin W. Ballard
Kim Bottles, K7IM
Federal Communications Commission FCC 06-178
32
Kim D. Swesey
Kim K Smith
Kim Mitchell
Kim Robinson
Kimball J. Corson
King Waters
Kirby Hayes
K0IC
Kris Uebersax
Kristofer Arthur Rosenlund
Kurt Hill
Kyle Fox
Ladon Tomlinson
Laird Wilcox
Lamont W. Wallis
Lanelle Turney, KC0RWP
Lanny E. Ellis, KEZ
Larry  Hasel
Larry A. Phillips
Larry Ament
Larry C. Stokes
Larry Davenport, KG4VZY
Larry David Davenport
Larry Demarkeas
Larry E. Larson
Larry E.Norris
Larry Flanagan
LARRY J ALMOND
Larry J McNeely
Larry J. Marks
Larry J. Newby
Larry Kapp, WT9M
Larry Kent Petty
Larry Kirby
Larry L. Linkmeyer
Larry L. Ryan
Larry Lockhart
Larry Makoski
Larry Maso
Larry Myers
Larry Neupert
Larry Pronier
Larry R. Card
Larry R. Fravel
Larry Randall Hash
Larry Robbins
Larry Thacker
Larry Thibodeaux, KE5ABA
Larry W. Karpurk
Larry W. Wheeler
Larry Wallace
Larry Wallnau
Larry Webster
Lars Carlson
Laura Beth Huffine
Laura Bingham
Laura Lubner
Laura Rudin
Laurance M. Brungardt
Lauren P. McGavran
Laurence D. Cohen
Laurence H. Andrus
Laurence J. Fitzsimons
Laurence Menzel
Laurence S. Prantner
Laurie L. Robert
Lawrence  A.  Tyo  III
Lawrence  Price
Lawrence Boettcher
Lawrence Cerney
Lawrence E. Mergen
Lawrence Edward Hoisington
Lawrence F. Gasperone, Jr.  
W2CAM.
Lawrence F. Mccartin
Lawrence Gross
Lawrence H. Posey
Lawrence Hanson
Lawrence Langley
Lawrence Macionski
Lawrence Marion
Lawrence O. Stevenson
Lawrence S. Van Loon
Lawrence Scarpa
Lawrence Swartz
Lawrence T. Harrison, Jr.
Lawrence W. Fuhs
Lawrence W. Eaton
Lawrence W. Stark
Le Roy McIntosh
Lee A. Hodges, KC8ITI
Lee F. Carroll
Lee Groce
Lee Kemp
Lee R. Trousdale
Lee R. Wical
Lee Roy Sanders, Jr., KI4JUP
Lee T. White
Lee Verlin Flack, Jr.
Lee Verlin Flack, Sr.
Leigh L. Klotz, Jr.
Leland R. Harrell
Lenard T. Hughes
Leo Bowman
Leo J. Schott
Leo Savoian
Leon M. Parshook
Leonard A. O'Kelly
Leonard Greenberg
Leonard H. Anderson
Leonard H. Corbaley
Leonard Jacobs
Leonard Pennock
Leonard T. Muscato
Leonard B. Revelle
Leroy Klose III
Leroy Ounanian
Les Hamilton, W9MGM
Leslie T. Jamison, Jr.
Lester Ravitz
Lester W. Cutlip
Lew Lloyd
Lewes Amateur Radio Society
Lewis D. Whaley
Lewis L. Arnold
Lewis M. Phelps
Linda Lincoln
Lindy Patterson
Linnaeus Maurer, KE5DMF
Linton G. Robertson
Lionel Mordecai
Lisa Miller
Lloyd Colston
Lloyd Curry
Lloyd Murphy
Lloyd S. Westbrook Jr.
Lon Lawrence
Loren Dale Lamm
Lorne W. Gustafson
Louie Handberry
Louis Bertucci
Louis DeAngelo
Louis L. Barrett
Louis M. Harelik
Louis Mallow, AG4OD
Lovey S. West, KB7JMW
Loyd C. Headrick
Lucas Kuntz
Luther Gantz
Lyle Bickley
Lyle H. Nelson
Lyle W. Dunlap
Lyndon E. Wooten
Lynn A. Bianco
Lynn F. Laseman
Lynn Markley I
Lynn Markley II
Lynn Wagner
Brett Sutherland
Dwayne Moffett
Philip Salas
Wade Davis
Madison M. Long
Madison E. Arnold
Malachi Doane, N2QFD
Malcolm E. Mayercik
Manfred P. Lauterborn
Manuel N. Perez
Marc A. Ressler
Marc Colton
Marc Everett Hall
Marc Friesen
Marc G. Cote
Marc Ressler
Marcel D. Bernier
Marcelina S. Campbell
Marcelo Jorge Franco
Marcus Bonn
Margaret A. Goodman
Marilyn Gardner
Federal Communications Commission FCC 06-178
33
Marilyn Joy House
Marion E. Bell, Jr.
Marjorie Willey
Mark A. McLauchlin
Mark A. Graves
Mark A. Tomany, N9WYS
Mark Avery
Mark Baker. Station KG0PA
Mark Brueggemann
Mark Budro
Mark C. Amos
Mark Call
Mark Copeletti
MARK D ROBERTS
Mark D. Fick
Mark D. Leberfinger
Mark Dauphinais
Mark E. Oriano
Mark E. Hobson
Mark E. Phillips
Mark Engebretsen
Mark Ewing
Mark Florkowski
Mark Gilbert
Mark Gustoff
Mark H. McCormick
Mark H. Swann
Mark Hardy
Mark Higgins
Mark Horoda
Mark Horowitz
Mark Hutchens
Mark J Culross, KD5RXT
Mark J. Borys
Mark K. Mondol
Mark Kalik
Mark Lindsey Brainard
Mark M. Oring
Mark Mallett
Mark May
Mark Oehler
Mark Palsha, KI4VB
Mark R. Laytos
Mark S. Warner
Mark Self
Mark Sienkiewicz
Mark Steven Whittaker
Mark Strobel
Mark Swicord
Mark Viers
Mark Wenzel
Mark West
Marlyn J  Zonnefeld
Martin C. Admire
Martin D. Moore,  N4GBX
Martin D. Wade
Martin Fouts
Martin Greene
Martin J. Fenik
Martin J. Sonnier
Martin Sailer
Martin W. Jonas
Martin W. Reagan
Marty Soffran, KGMT
Marty Szumera
Marvin Arthur Anderson
Marvin S. Searcy
Marvin Weber
Mary A. Fox
Mary Ann Flack
Mary J. Graham, KE7EIA
Mary M. Kowaluk
Mary Milburne
Mason E. Sarles
Mathas D. House
Matt Dennis
Matt Wilson, K2MFW
Matthew  F  HARP
Matthew Brotherton
Matthew Hagberg
Matthew Harker
Matthew J. Cassarino
Matthew Mills KE6MIH
Matthew Payne
Matthew R. White
Matthew V. Runyan
Maurice McGleish
Maurice V. Beavers
Max L. King
Max T. Holland
Maxwell P. Genaw
May Ekas
M.C. Morgan
Megan Collins
Melissa Ann Franklin
Melissa Elaine Gacuzana
Melissa Peterson
Melvin J. Crichton
Melvin L. Frost
Melvin L. Schneider
Melvin Lehmann
Meredith Mallard
Merle C Bone
Merritt W. Olson
Merry A. Loew, KE7AGQ
Michael Gulla, WA1VTW
Michael A. Hopson
Michael A. Urich
Michael Alan Brown
Michael Alan Meador
Michael Andrew Jackson
Michael Austin
Michael B. Gottsacker
Michael B. Snyder
Michael Bailey
Michael Bare
Michael Baxter
Michael Beath
Michael Bentley
Michael Bieberle
Michael Blake
Michael Brezinski
Michael Brye, WA8EIP
Michael C. Bongiovano
Michael C. McCarty, K8WTR
Michael C. Migliaccio
Michael C. Powell
Michael Call
Michael Carpenter
Michael Cornwall KB9WQJ
Michael D. Apsey
Michael D. Kowalsky
Michael D. Clark
Michael D. Corwin, AD4CV
Michael D. Everett
Michael D. Fanning
Michael D. Henderson
Michael D. Inman
Michael D. Jones, W6HR
Michael D. Keith
Michael D. Nichols
Michael D. Osheroff
Michael D. Walters
Michael Deckman
Michael Down
Michael E. Harvey
Michael Ekholm
Michael Elcsisin
Michael F. Marcoe
Michael F. Navaroli
Michael Fullmer
Michael G. Caruso
Michael G. Herron, K7MH
Michael Garske
Michael Goodman
Michael H. Albritton
Michael H. Burkhardt
Michael Haddix
Michael Harvey
Michael Hasel, N3KUN
Michael Hilsdale, KG6LPY
Michael Hodas
Michael Hodge
Michael Inman
Michael J. Rush
Michael J. Wood
Michael J. Aronow
Michael J. Dinelli
Michael J. Kozma, WY2U
Michael J. Murphy KI7II
Michael J. Proctor
Michael J. Pulley
Michael J. Rossi, W4NFD
Michael J. Shortle, KC9CQR
Michael J. Sparling
Michael J. Williams
Michael James Froehlich
Michael K. Boyea
Michael Kallstrom
Michael Kirlin
Federal Communications Commission FCC 06-178
34
Michael L. Anderson
Michael L. Charlston
Michael L. Everette
Michael L. Freeman
Michael L. Miller
MIchael Larkin
Michael Lauborough
Michael Ledford
Michael Likos, W5MJL
Michael Lovold, KC0PDG
Michael Maierhoffer
Michael McAloon
Michael McNeely
Michael Mitchell
Michael Mullins
Michael N Knight
Michael N. Scott
Michael Nie
Michael Oberhart
Michael O'Grady
Michael P. Kennedy, KB1IUI
Michael P. Leek
Michael Petty-KD5YBS
Michael R. Latour
Michael R. Baldock
Michael R. DeLoernzo
Michael Rogers
Michael S. DiPersio, KC2Q
Michael S. Gelinne
Michael Salisbury
Michael Scott Lovold
Michael Shawn Jackson
Michael Smith
Michael Taniwha
Michael Taylor
Michael Thomas Hudgens, 
Ph.D.
Michael Traxler
Michael V. Zbrozek, K8XF
Michael Volz
Michael W. Vinocur
Michael Werner
Michael Wolfson
Michel Y. Roy
Mickey D. Cox. K5MC
Mike Brooks
Mike Crownover, AD5A
Mike Dugan
Mike Fansler
Mike Fariss
Mike Hall
Mike J. Bavoso
Mike Larcombe
Mike Manley
Mike Morris
Mike Smith
Mike Spector
Mike Stancliff
Mike Tredwell
Mike Yuhas, KC9GDV
Miles Wagner
Milford Ekas
Milton Pendarvis
Milton Rice
Minnie Long
Minton Miller, N0NWO
Mitchel D. Leek
Mitchell Chesler
Mitchell Cohen
Mitchell P. Burgess
Mizell Mitchell
Mollie M. Sauciunas
Monte L. Simpson
Monty Northrup
Morgan W. Pace
Morris Burr
Morris D. Kirby
Morris Jones
Morris Sahrhage
Murray H. Merner, K4MHM
Myria Emma Dawn Carpenter
Myron A. Selwyn, W6ABP
Myron W. Manker
Nancy Cronin
Nancy Kott
Napoleon  Hardy
Nathan Gordon
Nathan P. Reiss
Nathan Reitcheck
Nathan Sykes
Nathan Thomas Eubank
Nathaniel D. Robinson, Jr., 
M.D., K1ANT
Nathaniel Harrington
Neal C. Enault
Ned Landis
Ned Rubin, N3SGD
Neil D. Schultz
Neil Schwanitz
Neil Zimmerman
Nicholas A. Manzo
Nicholas C. Yannios
Nicholas F. Travisano
Nicholas Nelson
Nicholas Proy
Nicholas S. Castellano, N2QZ
Nichols Melancon
Nick Germanos
Nick Thomas
Nick W. Kiseloff
Nickolaus E. Leggett
Nikki Jones
Niles Lundt
No Code International
Noel  R.  Sosa
Norbert Piotrowski
Norm Reger
Norm Styer
Norman B. Blake
Norman B. Keon, W8AWE
Norman E. Bryant
Norman E. Covey
Norman E. Davis
Norman G. Skinner
Norman G. Ray
Norman Gertz
Norman J. Weimar Jr.
Norman M. Goodkin
Norman P. Triantafilos
Norman R Russell
Norman R. Cox
Norman Young
Northwest Louisiana DX 
Society  K5TL
Oda J. Stout, Jr.
Oli Francis
Olin L. Gary, WB5RJK
Oliver Gross
Oliver K Olsen
Orcena Lyle
Orlando Gotay, Jr.
Otis Murphy Sr
Otmar Schreiber, W2UH
Owen O'Neill Rasmussen
Pablo E. Acevedo
Pablo Valadez
Pam Bond
Pat Cheovski
Patricia A. Briggs
Patricia B. Rowe
Patrick E. Stoddard
Patrick G. Smith
Patrick Grisham
Patrick Henry Robert Schamun
Patrick J. Brannick
Patrick Jankowiak
Patrick John Morris
Patrick M. McDonnell
Patrick McCullough
Patrick P. O'Dea
Patrick Ralston
Patrick Smith
Patrick Walters
Patrick Whitson
Patsy Lynn Wheelock
Paul A. Scipione, AA2AV
Paul Alan Ramey
Paul Brenner
Paul Courson
Paul D. Schrader
Paul D. Walterick Sr.
Paul Dryer
Paul E Bartle
Paul E Fillmore, Jr.
Paul E. Carpenter
Paul E. Genaw
Paul E. Gili
Paul E. Perry
Paul F. Johnston
Paul Flanagan
Federal Communications Commission FCC 06-178
35
Paul Fowler
Paul G. Streeter, AB9PS
Paul Graham
Paul Hamilton
Paul Honore W6IAM
Paul J. Giacherio
Paul J. Kiesel
Paul Jones
Paul Juliano
Paul Kearns
Paul Klainer
Paul L. Kruzel
Paul M. Mitchell Jr.
Paul Manuel, K4PDM
Paul Marbourg
Paul Mayo
Paul McClendon
Paul R. Wertanen
Paul R. Young
Paul Richard Matthews
Paul Rikkonen
Paul Roberts
Paul Roche
Paul Russell
Paul S. Serio
Paul Shaver
Paul Tokar
Paul Toro
Paul Tvrdy
Paul Ward
Paul Wilson
Paula Bailey-Stine
Paula W. Williams
Paxton Heckman
Perry Clisbee
Perry D. Ballinger
Perry D. Williams
Pete A. Coppola
Pete V. Coppola
Peter B. Brisbine
Peter B. McCorison
Peter Barbella
Peter C. Albright
Peter C. Scola
Peter D Bland
Peter DeMers
Peter Fetterer
Peter G. Fundinger
Peter H. Myers
Peter J. Matejcik
Peter J. Tauriello
Peter J. Thompson
Peter J.F. Shaw, K4LDR
Peter Jaworski
Peter Johnson, Sr.
Peter Laws
Peter M. Fudge
Peter Martinez
Peter R. Newell
Peter Sneed
Peter W. Flynn
Peter Wittenberg
Phil D. Mills
Phil DiPrima
Phil Zook
Philip A. Crocetti
Philip A. Oak
Philip Camera
Philip D. Baldwin
Philip G. Courtney
Philip George
Philip Lazar, K9PL
Philip Levine
Philip Mulivor
Philip R Mollica Jr
Philip R. Berruti
Philip W. Haymaker
Phillip G. Johnson, KB4I
Phillip Graham
Phillip Markmann
Phillip R. Parrish
Phillip S. Gilbert
Phillip Wherry
Phyllis L. Singer
P.J. Torney
Pres Waterman
R. Jayant
R Smith, N2QRO
R. W. Javins, N7KGA
R. W. McLachlan
Rafael Angelo Diaz
Ralph Barbakoff
Ralph C. Warlow
Ralph Clinton Rice
Ralph D. Banta
Ralph Edward Johnson
Ralph G. Ward , K9RGW
Ralph H. Henes
Ralph I. Palsson
Ralph Jerald Volpe
Ralph L. Abbott,WA3ELQ
Ralph Leo
Ralph N. Reeves
Ralph T. Murray
Ralph W. Phillips
Randall A. Shreve
Randall B. Brothers
Randall C Ziegenbein
Randall Dean Melton
Randall E. Balzer
Randall J. Rueckert
Randall L. Mays
Randall Noon
Randall R. Bateman
Randall R. Wing
Randall Schwanke
Randall T Boyd
Randall Winchester
Randolph Morrison
Randy J. Buckspan
Randy Miller
Randy Morton
Randy Pence
Raoul Wood, KG6RKT
Ray Crites
Ray Day
Ray Hollenbeck
Ray Olesen
Ray Overman
Ray Page
Ray Palmer. KO4RN
Ray Pillow
Ray Shank
Ray Soifer
Ray Willey
Raymond Alan Myers
Raymond Chandler
Raymond E. Thompson
Raymond G. Templeton
Raymond H. Knuth
Raymond J. Hasler
Raymond K. Johnson
Raymond Lewis
Raymond R. Pick
Raymond Verina
Raymond Voss
Raymond W. Beningo
Raymond W. Glenn
Real Provencher
Rebecca L. Ballard
Reed E. Triplett
Reese Jenkins
Reginald F. Driscoll
Reidar Larsen
Rene Desany
Rene G. Rodriguez
Reuben E. Long
Ricardo P. Fiorey
Rich edmonston
Richard A Higgins
Richard A. Davidson
Richard A. Green
Richard A. Knox
Richard A. Olson, W7YTZ
Richard A. Roberts
Richard A. Rohrer
Richard A. Snellinger
Richard A. Stern
Richard Allen Youhill
Richard Arnold
Richard B. Batte
Richard B. Harris, Sr.
Richard B. Pyne
Richard B. Quiggle
Richard b. Stillman
Richard Bambini
Richard Bartlett
Richard Bearde
Richard Borecki
Richard C. Adamy, KA4GFY
Federal Communications Commission FCC 06-178
36
Richard C. Mikulski
Richard Capretta
Richard Carey
Richard Casey
Richard Cincotta
Richard Cook
Richard Courtney II
Richard Crockett, W0PC
Richard D. Arnett
Richard D. Hofler
Richard D. Nelson
Richard D. Summerford
Richard Davis
Richard Dievendorff
Richard Downey
Richard E. Anderson
Richard E. Fredrickson
Richard E. Slone
Richard E. Taylor
Richard Edward Bloss
Richard F. Lyons
Richard Faust
Richard Fowler
Richard Friedman, KG6EMF
Richard G. Gutknecht, Nz2I
Richard G. Hockridge
Richard G. Strange
Richard Goldberg
Richard H. Singer K6KSG
Richard H. St. John
Richard H. Weil
Richard Hawkins
Richard Henderson
Richard Hiscock
Richard Illman
Richard J. Bittel Jr.
Richard J. Weinkauf Jr.
Richard J. George, KD4CAE
Richard J. Gubanich, P.E.
Richard J. Herzer KG2HG
Richard Jamsek
Richard Karpinen. K6LJC
Richard Kefler
Richard Kellogg
Richard Kelly
Richard L. Jacker
Richard L. Martin
Richard L. Swain
Richard L. Tannehill, P.E.
Richard L. Zysk
Richard Lucas
Richard Mills
Richard Moody
Richard N. Jernigan
Richard Nese
Richard Nielsen
Richard O. Lust
Richard O.Ward
Richard P. Abato
Richard Pruitt
Richard R. Davis
Richard R. Broughton, Jr.
Richard R. Wolf
Richard Ray Dodson
Richard Riegert
Richard Schlee kc9foh
Richard Schneble
Richard Sullivan
Richard Sylvan
Richard Sytsma
Richard T. Criasia
Richard T. Martin
Richard T. Martin, N6ZQ
Richard Taesch
Richard Taylor
Richard Taylor, K5FZ
Richard Van Wyckhouse
Richard Vidmar
Richard W. Clement
Richard W. Dzick
Richard W. Grant
Richard W. Payne
Richard Wilkerson
Richard Zalewski
Rick A. Bernardi Jr.
Rick A. Bernardi Sr.
Rick Beard
Rick Bishop
Rick Brashear
Rick Clifford
Rick Cochran
Rick Eller, N4RE
Rick Fox
Rick Irvine
Rick Johnson
Rick Kilvosky
Rick Markee
Rick S. Wilcox
Rick Whitford
Rickey Cotton
Rickey Wayne Daniel
Ricky Eaton
Ricky G. Harbour, KE5AUI
Ricky L. Mobley
Rob Janusch, W8REJ
Robert  Johnson
Robert A. Johnson
Robert A. Brown
Robert A. Davisson
Robert A. Mauro
Robert A. Rice,KG4RRN
Robert A. Scupp K5SEP
Robert A. Sowders Jr.
Robert A. Willingham
Robert Allen Bond
Robert B. Hicks
Robert B. Deal
Robert B. Fischer
Robert Ball
Robert Bingham
Robert Bollinger, KB7TTY
Robert Broderick, WE4B
Robert Budach
Robert Burton
Robert Byl
Robert C. Reynolds
Robert C. Schwerdlin
Robert Campbell
Robert Capozzi
Robert Carr
Robert Casey
Robert Cotton, WB5QXX
Robert Curry Jr.
Robert D Carrier Jr., N8VBY
Robert D. Bailey Sr.
Robert D. Gage
Robert D. Junk
Robert D. Montgomery
Robert D. Spearman
Robert D. Weaver
Robert Dale Hawkins
Robert Davet
Robert Dorn
Robert E Feuer
Robert E Feuer W0ZPE
Robert E Sweat
Robert E. Brown
Robert E. Gold, W0KIZ
Robert E. Ideker
Robert E. May
Robert E. Oliver,III
Robert E. Shepard
Robert E. Stanton
Robert E. Tomkovich, Jr.
Robert F. Ruth
Robert F. Witters
Robert F. Jones
Robert F. Nelson
Robert Felt
Robert Fetter
Robert Finster
Robert Francour
Robert G. Hall
Robert G. Dennison
Robert G. Miller
Robert G. Rightsell, AE4FA
Robert G. Youcha
Robert Gardenghi
Robert H Linfoot
Robert H. Dynan, KC0PHO
Robert Harrison
Robert Hayes
Robert J. Merrill
Robert J. Raymond W7RJR
Robert J. Seemuth
Robert J. Tovsrud
Robert J. Harrison
Robert J. Leverenz
Robert J. Patton II
Robert J. Wood
Federal Communications Commission FCC 06-178
37
Robert Jones
Robert Jones
Robert K. Quiles
Robert Kevin McClure
Robert Klevgard
Robert L. Garvey
Robert L. Hudnall
Robert L. Keeble
Robert L. Gill
Robert L. Abbott
Robert L. Burns
Robert L. Conder, Jr.
Robert L. Orso, Jr.
Robert Leiden
Robert M. Corr, N8CY
Robert M. Flemen Jr.
Robert M. Hinden
Robert M. Kelley
Robert M. Payne
Robert M. Winston
Robert Matteucci
Robert Mayer
Robert McClard
Robert McWha
Robert Mess
Robert Nevins
Robert Nimmerfroh
Robert Novak
Robert P. Felton
Robert P. Foster, N9BGC
Robert P. Giese
Robert Pack
Robert Pahlow Jr.
Robert Pariza
Robert Pell Swift
Robert Pepper
Robert Perdue
Robert Peschka
Robert Peura, K8FN
Robert R. Creal
Robert S. Fickle
Robert S. Hinshaw
Robert Schmidt
Robert Shaw
Robert Shrader
Robert Snow
Robert Sobkoviak
Robert Stites III, KF4NNI
Robert T. Sestero
Robert Tillman
Robert Uhrik
Robert Venanzi
Robert W Zabot
Robert W. Bytheway, Jr.
Robert W. Henderson
Robert W. Lewis
Robert W. Scull
Robert Warfield
Robert Wenzlaff
Robert Witters
Roberto Baca Barnard
Robin Callender, KE7ARL
Robin Grimm
Robin Kemp
Robin R. Warren
Robin Staebler
Robin Wicks
Rock E Kent
Rod Ledbetter, KG6JAZ
Rod Miller, N5PPK
Roderick Mitchell
Rodger Peer
Rodney Kraft
Rodney L. Synnes, W9GKZ
Rodney Vorndam  K9ROD
Roert Williams
Roger Barnhill
Roger Cameron
Roger Clayton
Roger Emery, W7ACW
Roger K Lowe
Roger Krautkremer
Roger L. Borowski
Roger Lee Candiff
Roger Milburne
Roger Monroe, K7NTW
Roger Rippy
Roger Schroeder
Roger Scurlock
Roger W. Pageau
Roger West
Roland A. Anders
Roland Snyder
Roland W. Wilson
Roman L. Kamienski
Ron Bussiere
Ron Eckert
Ron Grandmaison
Ron Holtz
Ron Hutchison
Ron Spatafora
Ron Spicuzza
Ron Tassi
Ron Wagner
Ron Yurman
Ronald A Olender
Ronald A. Gunn
Ronald A. Loneker Sr.
Ronald Jakubowski
Ronald A. Steinberg
Ronald B. Adams II
Ronald B. Alexander
Ronald C. Borkgren
Ronald D. Boyd
Ronald D. Le Blanc
Ronald Dale Erickson
Ronald G. Reams
Ronald G. Biswell
Ronald G. Mathis
Ronald G. Seyboldt
Ronald Gemmell
Ronald J. Kent
Ronald J. Ackerman
Ronald L. Ranson Jr.
Ronald L. Crawford
Ronald L. Gentry
Ronald L. Williamson
Ronald M. Bowren
Ronald Miller
Ronald Murdock
Ronald Potter
Ronald Poulin
Ronald R. Keech Sr.
Ronald Radwin
Ronald Ramsey
Ronald Troy Davis
Ronald V. King
Ronald W. Curtis
Ronald W. Frazier
Ronald W. Schaffner
Ronald White
Ronald Zimmer
Rondal Kennedy
Ronnie D. Hutchison
Ronnie Kirkpatrick
Ronnie L. Smith
Ronny Bolsega
Ronny Bruce Wilson
Ronny D. Risinger
Ronny Julian
Ross Bullard
Ross E. Longley
Ross Francis Guldenbrein
Ross H Casey N7TBR
Ross L. Rehart WA6YTG
Ross P Bullard
Ross Statham
Rowena K. von Gortler
Roy A. Creiglow
Roy Clinton Herbert, AB7RG
Roy J. Lamkin, KG4ICI
Roy S. Dishmon
Roy S. Oakley, KE5AZI
Roy Schwedt
Roy T. Benjamin
Royce Ackerman
Royce P. Bell, KX7Q
Rudi Verstraelen
Rudolph Eugene Mullar Jr.
Ruel T. Blagg
Russ Palmeri
Russ Ward
Russ Ward
Russell B. Hunt
Russell Blanchette
Russell Brown
Russell Carpenter
Russell Darling
Russell Douglas Douglas
Russell E. Fitzgerald
Federal Communications Commission FCC 06-178
38
Russell E. Furry
Russell Elster
Russell F. Abbey Jr.
Russell Hoffman
Russell Inman Turpin
Russell Kleinman
Russell M. Greve
Russell W. Young, Jr., 
WA2VQV
Ruth A Clary
Ruth A. McGleish, KI4KQP
Ruxton Istre, KC5VTL
Ryan Boda
Ryan Chandler
Ryan Kelzenberg
Ryan Oler
Ryan Provencher
Ryan Tourge, K2RRT
Ryan Wilkins
S. M. Gustafson
S. Riley McLean 
S. Strader
Sal Vella
Salvatore Console
Sam Johnson
Sam Mason, KF4UGA
Sammy Robertson
Sammy Smith
Samuel A. Mercure
Samuel D.L. Moore II
Samuel Graham
Samuel Osecky Jr.
Samuel R. Shields
Samuel S. Thomas, Ph.D.
Samuel Saladino
Sandra M. Hedgcoth
Santo Cassarino
Sarah E. Fuller
Sarah L. Baldwin
Scander N. Astafan, WS2W
Schuylar W. Crist
Scot Clayton
Scott A Press
Scott A. McMullen, W5ESE
Scott A. Smith
Scott Blixt
Scott Button
Scott Castonguay
Scott D. Irwin
Scott Dawley
Scott Fike
Scott Honaker, N7SS
Scott Johns, W3TX
Scott Kelly
Scott Lichtsinn
Scott Lingo
Scott Moore
Scott Nielson, N7TMB
Scott Olitsky
Scott R Heath, KC8EMH
Scott R. Newfer, W8SRN
Scott Richardson
Scott Stevens
Scott T. Dean
Scott Thompson
Scott Yakoubian
Sean C. Murphy
Sean P. Kelly, W7SPK
Shane McComas
Sharon Morgan
Shannon Jeffers
Shawn Estes
Sheila Stripling
Shelley Levine
Shelly Dranko
Sherman Gary, KC3XD
Shirley Willis
Sid George
Sid Ingram, N5KIG
Sid Markowitz, K2GG
Sidney B. Scott
Sidney Bates
Sidney E. Brantley, Sr.
Sigmond B. Markowski Jr.
Silverio L. Remigio
Silvio Marrero
Simon Jaworski, KQ2V
Skip Apple
Society for the Preservation of 
Amateur Radio
Sonny G. Stapleton
Stan Bradley
Stan Ganz
Stan Mitchell
Stan Wilk
Stan Young
Stanley A. Tomyl
Stanley C. Byers
Stanley M. Ross
Stanley U. Abadie
Stanley Waghalter
Stephanie Simms Conley
Stephen B. Voigt
Stephen C. Hewlett
Stephen C. Sheppert
Stephen Crate
Stephen D. Jewell
Stephen D. Jonas
Stephen E. Minshall
Stephen E. Russell
Stephen Entz
Stephen F. Howard
Stephen G. Snyder
Stephen H. Neuse
Stephen H. Ponder
Stephen Haller
Stephen Hancock
Stephen J. Cuccio Jr.
Stephen J. Schmitz
Stephen L. Levy
Stephen M. Butler
Stephen M. Moon
Stephen M. Stewart
Stephen M. McCoy
Stephen Mattern
Stephen Moffe
Stephen Oi
Stephen R. Look
Stephen Rigsby
Stephen T. Prevatt
Stephen Tolley
Stephen Vermette
Stephen W. Kercel
Stephen W. Simmons
Stephen W. Banks
Stephen W. Fields
Steve Adams
Steve Courts
Steve Felkner
Steve Fisher
Steve Hancock
Steve Hay
Steve Hicks
Steve Huston
Steve J. Narducci
Steve Keithley
Steve Lancaster
Steve Morgan
Steve Niemeier
Steve Pabin
Steve Post
Steve Rapata
Steve Schaffer
Steve Shavkin
Steve Sims, W0OOW
Steve Sobanski,K8PBX
Steve Sutfin
Steve T. Coan
Steve Trook
Steve Tune
Steve Waterman
Steve Weiss
Steve Wisniewski
Steven A. Mook
Steven Blary
Steven Bogart, N2UZV
Steven Cronk
Steven D. Katz
Steven Diduch
Steven Dinelli
Steven Donellan, KC5ELH
Steven E Matda, KE4MOB
Steven E. Rapata
Steven F Rawson Jr.
Steven Fisher
Steven H. Pullman
Steven Hailstone
Steven Hathaway
Steven J Robeson, LPN
Steven J. Gehring
Federal Communications Commission FCC 06-178
39
Steven J. Meyers
Steven Johnson
Steven Lamar
Steven M. Reynolds
Steven Nelson
Steven Pursley
Steven Rapata, KG6TCV
Steven Siegel
Steven Spicer
Steven T. Logsdon
Steven Tarr
Steven Williamson
Stewart E. Bowers
Stewart L. Smokler
Stuart J. Bryant
Stuart Press
Stuart Self
Stuart Sokolin
Stuart T. Lent
Stuart Y. Luckie
Susan Blank
Susan Goldsworthy
Susan Graham
Susan P. Cowan
Suzanne Neuman
Sydney S. DeJarnette
Sylvia V. Andrews
T Milburn
T. Graf Buckenmaier, Jr.
T.E. Schwinn
Taylor E. Hoynes III
Taylor E. Mack
Ted Ellmore
Ted G. Freitas, KE6YJC
Ted Spiegel
Ted Wright
Terrance McGleish
Terrence H Nixon
Terri Milburn
Terry L. Oquin
Terry Schey
Terry D. Stripling
Terry Dykes
Terry G. Busby
Terry H. Burroughs
Terry J. Broussard
Terry J. Carlson
Terry Jones
Terry L. Bartoli
Terry L. Nixon
Terry L. Tankersley
Terry W. Yarborough
Terry Whitehead
Terry Wilkes 
Theodore Andros
Theodore Bongiovanni
Theodore E. Drake
Theodore F. Crutchfield, 
K4TFC
Theodore G. Heuser
Theodore M. Gergen Jr.
Theodore White, N8TW
Theresa M. Latz
Theron Cochran
Thomas A. Andrews
Thomas A. Boza
Thomas A. Miller
Thomas A. Stough
Thomas Beavers
Thomas C. Lish II
Thomas C. Martindale
Thomas Cordes
Thomas D. Dean
Thomas E. Kuehl
Thomas E. Walton, III
Thomas F. Fischel
Thomas G. Azlin
Thomas G. Gouvisis
Thomas G. Dolph
Thomas G. Muller
Thomas G. Phillips, N4ARS
Thomas Grice, KC2MBU
Thomas H. Haskins, Jr.
Thomas J. Cody
Thomas J. Bloomer
Thomas J. Davis
Thomas J. Miller
Thomas Kissinger
Thomas L. Auth, Jr.
Thomas L. McDaniel
Thomas Lewis
Thomas M. Taylor
Thomas M. Walsh, W2CO 
Thomas Michael Greenway
Thomas Moore
Thomas O'Connor
Thomas P. Roscoe
Thomas P. Wilson
Thomas Parziale
Thomas R. Denton
Thomas R. Sovie
Thomas R. Cox
Thomas R. Lea
Thomas R. Peterson
Thomas R. Zirlott
Thomas Schenck
Thomas Slade Whittle, Jr.
Thomas Vaccaro
Thomas W. Curley
Thomas W. Pope
Thomas W. Webb
Thomas Warnock
Thomas Was
Thomas Wiseman
Thurlon E. Swafford
Tim Bornemann
Tim Curtis
Tim Ellison
Tim Gorman, AB0WR
Tim McCullough
Tim Milburn
Tim Mitchell
Tim Moore
Tim O'Rourke
Tim Poole, KD8BVW
Tim Rodgers
Tim Storey
Tim Wetzel
Tim Young
Timothy A. Mousseau, 
KC4YCX
Timothy B. Siegenthaler
Timothy C. Rogerwall
Timothy Cotton
Timothy Cunningham
Timothy E. Kramer
Timothy E. Newman
Timothy E. Richardson
Timothy Edward Verthein
Timothy F. Miller
Timothy G. Hardy
Timothy Groman
Timothy H. Dove
Timothy J. Boyd
Timothy J. Miller
Timothy J. Powers
Timothy J. Simpon
Timothy Johnson
Timothy L. Munro
Timothy L. Peterson
Timothy Milburn
Timothy Morgan
Timothy N. Colbert
Timothy T. Jarman
Timothy Thibodeaux
Timothy V. Sommer
Timothy V. Whitson
Tina M. Coppola
T.J. Sheffield
Todd Buiten, WK7L
Todd Campbell
Todd Krajewski
Todd McLaughlin
Todd Pritts
Todd Smith
Todd Williams
Tom Bohon
Tom Butler
Tom Cleveland
Tom Davis
Tom Davison
Tom Hyers
Tom P. Self
Tommy Bertrand
Tommy D. Hammerbeck
Tommy Goodman
Tony F. Hall
Tony Lee
Tony Milburn
Tony O. Smith
Federal Communications Commission FCC 06-178
40
Tony Robinson
Tracy A. Nash
Tracy D. Albert
Tracy Davis
Tracy Fort
Troy King
Troy W. Ballard
Troy Wideman
Tunisia Ann Guidry Wade
Tyler Griffiths
Tyler Williams
Urban Wayne Welsh
V. Garcell
V. J. Garcell
Vaclav George Ujcik
Val Ballard
Van Wheelock
Vance Shaffer
Vaughn L. Densley
Verle D. Winningham
Verlyn Haahr
Verna A. Deal
Vernard Halverson
Vernon J. Lovelace
Vernon L Hensley
Vickie L. Ballard
Victor E. Moore
Victor Gauvin
Victor J West
Victor Lafon, W4VLL
Victor Magana
Victor Medina
Victor Vadney
Victor W. Emmelkamp
Victor Wasilov
Victoria Shields
Vince Cuker
Vince Garcell
Vince Wallis
Vincent G. Mattera
Vincent Garcell
Vincent J. Garcell
Vincent J. Klemmer
Vincent J. Klemmer
Vincent L Stigall Sr
Vincent L. Boyer
Vincent Mastrogiovanni
Vincent S. Ponzio
Virgil E. Lyons
Virgil Ferguson
Virgil W. Yost
Virgilio Rodriguez Jr
Virginia Brenneman
VP Raghavan
W A Hilton
W. Conrad Richardson
W. David Gerns, K1LD
W. J. J. Hoge
Wade Norris
Wade Olson
Wade V. Fair
Wallace Randall Faircloth
Wallace Tew, AC4FZ
Walter B. Fair, Jr.
Walter C. Stoll, Jr.
Walter Daniels
Walter H. Mushagian
Walter Hopkins
Walter K Mohler
Walter Mack
Ward Merdes
Ward Willats
Warren A. Wolff
Warren E. Eggers Jr.
Warren J. Wasson
Warren L. Dowler
Warren Lee Sanders
Warren Schall
Wayland Bradley
Waylon Lambert
Wayne A. Watson
Wayne C. Ashwell, KOHB
Wayne Davidson
Wayne E. Stahler II
Wayne E. Goff,- KC0ITR
Wayne Harrell
Wayne K. Irwin, W1KI
Wayne L. Ellenbogen, Esq.
Wayne Lougher
Wayne Nutsch
Wayne P. Muckleroy
Wayne Pearson
Wayne Scovil
Wayne Shiver
Wayne Wenzlaff
WC Springfield,W5WCS
Webster D. Williams, III
Wendell Salmons
Wes Wilson
Wesley A. Andersen
Wesley A. Hartman
Whitney Tritch
Wilbur Howard
Wilfred Loyd, W5WAL
Will Schutts
Willard Ervin Strain
William A. Gisseler
William A. Barbee
William A. Blalock
William A. Morris
William A. Pugsley, WZWV
William A. Sands
William A. Schueller
William A. Stietenroth
William Abb Brown
William Ackerman, K8MTN
William Auer
William B. Cecil
William B. Noyce
William B. Runyon, Sr.
William B. Wright
William Ball
William Barron
William Bear Jr.
William Beyrer
William Bleyle
William C. Euerle
William C. Knaust
William Carey York
William Cary Geeslin
William Chandler
William Cliff Conway
William D. Allen
William D. Kovas
William D. Rafus, KD4FRB
William D. Stewart III
William D. Trojanowski,
N2EZG
William DuSold
William E. Eastman II
William E. Kornec
William E. Curd
William E. Dobbins
William E. Etheridge
William E. Moyes
William E. Reid
William E. Schebeck II
William E.  Sims
William E. Waller
William E. Whitney Jr.
William Eppick
William Etter
William F. Clark
William F. Frazier
William F. Nutt Jr.
William F. Osler
William F. Pitman, KI4AHA
William F. Reyor III
William F. Ryan
William Fenimore
William Forbush
William G. Becks
William G. Eads Jr.
William G. Smith
William Gregor
William H. Harper
William H. Albert
William H. Ferguson
William H. Gordon Jr.
William H. Perkins, Jr.
William Harrison McPheron
William Hogan - NH7FV
William J Hanley
William J Rivers
William J. Carter
William J. Hedgcoth
William J. Hefti, WI2L
William J. Hutson
William J. Keck
William J. Londree
Federal Communications Commission FCC 06-178
41
William J. Steward
William K. Mabry, N4QA
William Keith Hosman,
KC8TCQ
William L. Brunson
William L. Chapman
William L. Humm
William L. Longley
William L. McGraw
William Leahy
William M. Coverdell
William M. Abate
William M. Sambuco
William Maclean
William Mark Vassar
William McClymont
William McNamara
William Neeriemer
William Nix
William O. Panck
William O. Reichert
William P. Chamberlin
William P. Champlin
William P. Merritt
William P. Turney, WS4Y
William Pate
William Pietschman
William  Quigley
William R. Cantley
William R. Ogden
William R. Rupp
William R. Hicks
William R. McCoy
William R. Phillipson
William R. Wiese
William Rickman Murray
William Ripley
William S. Creager
William S. Knox
William S. Haddock, Jr.
William S. McConnell, N9US
William Shell
William Stockslager
William T. Halse
William T. Culbertson
William T. Harris, k5wth
William Van Eeckhout
William W. Stewart, W2BSA
William Wallace
Willie L. Brown
Willie F. Smith Jr.
Willie L. Baber
Willis H. Yule
Wilton S. Pace
Winston A. Miller, KG4YUS
Winston V. Rogers
Woodrow C. Olson
Woody K. Morin
Woodybury Parr
Worldwide Communications 
Amateur Radio
Wyatt E.Propst
Zachary Ryan Fruhling