READ AND **REMOVE THIS PAGE** BEFORE PLACING

THE SPECIFICATION SECTION IN THE CONTRACT

\* \* \* \* \* \* \* \* \* \*

[DIVISION 2: SITEWORK]{.underline}

SECTION 02776 ‑ CONCRETE SIDEWALKS

USE: Construction of concrete sidewalks. This does not cover concrete
curb and gutters. Concrete curb and gutter are covered in Section
02772 - Concrete Curbs ad Gutters.

**NOTES TO SPECIFIER:**

A. Options within paragraphs are identified by enclosure in brackets;
blank spaces enclosed by brackets \[[ ]{.underline}\] provide for
information to be inserted, as appropriate to individual projects.

B. **TO AVOID CONFLICTING REQUIREMENTS AND COSTLY MISTAKES,** the
specifier must edit (delete, substitute or add to the text). The
remaining paragraphs must be renumbered.

C. DELETE FOR FINAL COPY: Notes to the Specifier, located between lines
of asterisks; all \[brackets\], [underlining]{.underline}, **boldface,
**and *italics* within the paragraphs; and this page. (Open Reveal Codes
\[alt F3\] to do this accurately).

D. [To Edit "(Footer B)":]{.underline} (Corel 8). **ENTIRE FOOTER SHOULD
BE BOLDED. **Click in the footer and delete the "Project Name (ftr B)"
text and replace it with the **Name Of The Project (upper/lower case).**
Replace date with current MM/YY (WITHOUT BRACKETS).

E. The Guide Specifications are intended to be continuously reviewed and
revised. User's technical comments are appreciated. Also, other related
or similar specifications that are written "from scratch" that could
benefit others, or other questions can be sent to NSTC A/E Group, ST-110
or call (303) 987-6851.

F. DESIGN NOTES:

1\. **DRAWING DATA REQUIRED: **Drawings should include the following
information related to this section:

\< limits of required work

\< horizontal and vertical control for sidewalks

**REVISIONS OF THIS SECTION:**

CSI format, editorial changes 9/99

Metric: 7/00

Technical Update: 7/00

**SECTION 02776**

**CONCRETE SIDEWALKS**

**[PART 1: GENERAL]{.underline}**

**1.1 SUMMARY**

**A. Section Includes: Construction of concrete sidewalks. **

**B. Related Sections:**

**\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\***

**LIST ITEMS OF WORK THAT MIGHT LOGICALLY BE FURNISHED AND INSTALLED
UNDER THIS SECTION, BUT INSTEAD ARE SPECIFIED IN ANOTHER SECTION. THIS
ARTICLE IS RARELY REQUIRED.**

**\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\***

**General Information and Requirements Section 01009**

**Summary of Work Section 01010**

**Testing Laboratory Services Section 01458**

**Concrete Curbs and Gutters Section 02772**

**Minor Concrete Section 03306**

**Structural Concrete Section 03310**

**1.2 SUBMITTALS**

**A. Records: Submit copies of certified delivery tickets for all
concrete used on this project.**

**1.3 QUALITY ASSURANCE**

**A. Failure Criteria: Not limited to the following:**

**1. Concrete damaged during form removal.**

**2. Concrete chipped, broken, or defaced.**

**3. Concrete out of grade or alignment.**

**1.4 SITE CONDITIONS**

**A. Placing During Cold Weather: Discontinue concrete placement when
the air temperature is below 40 degrees F (5 degrees C). **

**B. Placing During Warm Weather: The temperature of the concrete as
placed shall not exceed 85 degrees F (30 degrees C) except where an
approved retarder is used. The mixing water and/or aggregates shall be
cooled, if necessary, to maintain a satisfactory placing temperature. In
no case shall the placing temperature exceed 95 degrees F (35 degrees
C).**

**[PART 2: PRODUCTS]{.underline}**

**2.1 MATERIALS**

**\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\***

**SELECT APPLICABLE SPECIFICATION SECTION AND REFER TO SECTION 03306 OR
03310 TO MAKE SURE THAT THE CORRECT TYPE OF CONCRETE IS SPECIFIED. EDIT
FOR PROJECT: TYPE II IS RECOMMENDED FOR SEVERE ENVIRONMENTS AND
CORROSIVE (SULFATE) SOILS. CHECK WITH LOCAL SUPPLIERS.**

**\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\***

**A. Concrete: ASTM C 94, cement type I \[\_\_\_\_\] shall have a 28‑day
strength of 3,000 psi (21 MPa) and shall conform to the requirements of
\[Section 03306 ‑ Minor Concrete.\] \[Section 03310 ‑ Structural
Concrete.\] \[Alkali content shall not exceed 0.6 percent.\] The
entrained-air range shall be 5 to 7 percent. The slump range shall be
2-inches (50 mm) plus or minus 1-inch (25 mm) conforming to ASTM C
143.**

**\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\***

**REINFORCEMENT STEEL NORMALLY WILL NOT BE REQUIRED. WHERE CONDITIONS
EXIST THAT MAKE IT ADVANTAGEOUS TO USE REINFORCEMENT STEEL INCLUDE THE
FOLLOWING PARAGRAPH.**

**\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\***

**B. Reinforcing Steel: \[Shall conform to the requirements of Section
\[03306 ‑ Minor Concrete.\] \[03310 ‑ Structural Concrete.\]\]**

**1. Reinforcement bars: ASTM A 615, ASTM A 616, or ASTM A 617.**

**2. Wire mesh reinforcement: ASTM A 185.**

**3. Joint sealant, cold-applied shall conform to ASTM C 920.**

**C. Joint Materials: \[Shall conform to the requirements of Section
\[03306 - Minor Concrete.\] \[03310 - Structural Concrete.\]\]**

**1. Expansion joint filler strips shall be premolded, nonextruding type
for use in concrete conforming to ASTM D 1751 or ASTM D 1752, (3/8 inch)
\[9.5 mm \] (1/2 inch) \[12.7 mm\] thick.**

**2. Joint sealant, hot‑poured shall conform to ASTM D 3405.**

**D. Curing Materials: \[Shall conform to the requirements of Section
\[03306 - Minor Concrete.\] \[03310 - Structural Concrete.\]\]
Impervious sheet or membrane-forming curing compound,. Impervious sheet
shall be white opaque polyethylene 4 mil thick, conforming to ASTM C
171; waterproof kraft paper; or polyethylene-coated burlap conforming to
AASHTO M 182. Membrane-forming curing compound shall be white pigmented
and shall conform to ASTM C 309, Type 2.**

**\[E. Concrete Protection Materials: Linseed oil mixture shall be equal
parts, by volume, of linseed oil and either mineral spirits, naphtha, or
turpentine. At the option of the Contractor, commercially prepared
linseed oil mixtures formulated specifically for application to concrete
to provide protection against the action of deicing chemicals may be
used except that emulsified mixtures are not acceptable.\]**

**F. Formwork: \[Shall conform to the requirements of Section \[03306 -
Minor Concrete.\] \[03310 - Structural Concrete.\] Form work shall be
designed and constructed to insure that the finished concrete will
conform accurately to the indicated dimensions, lines, and elevations,
and within the tolerances specified. Forms shall be of a height equal to
the full depth of the finished sidewalk.**

**1. Wood Forms: Shall be No. 2 common lumber or better against
unexposed concrete surfaces. Wood forms against exposed concrete
surfaces shall be dressed and matched boards of uniform thickness and
widths not exceeding 10 inches. Plywood, conforming to the requirements
for formwork as set forth in the American Plywood Association Concrete
Forming Guide, may be used against both exposed and unexposed concrete
surfaces. Plywood shall be at least 9/16-inch thick and have not less
than 5 plys.**

**2. Steel Forms: Steel forms shall be channel‑formed sections with a
flat top surface and with welded braces at each end and at not less than
two intermediate points. Ends of steel forms shall be interlocking and
self‑aligning. Steel forms shall include flexible forms for radius
forming, corner forms, form spreaders, and fillers. Steel forms shall
have a nominal length of 10 feet (3 m) with a minimum of two welded
stake pockets per form. Stake pins shall be solid steel rods with
chamfered heads and pointed tips designed for use with steel forms.**

**G. Base Course Material: Shall be sand, gravel, or crushed rock with
material passing \[1/2-inch\] \[\_\_\_\_\] sieve.**

**H. Exposed Aggregate: Shall be 1 inch (25 mm) maximum
\[\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\].**

**[PART 3: EXECUTION]{.underline}**

**3.1 PREPARATION**

**A. Earthwork: Excavation and embankment for sidewalks shall be as
described in the applicable provisions of \[Section 02310 ‑ Site
Grading\]\[, and\]\[ Section 02315 - Excavation and Fill\]\[, and\]
\[Section 02322 - Excavation and Fill for Structures\]. Unsuitable
material in the subgrade shall be removed to a specific depth and then
backfilled with imported backfill. Payment will not be allowed for
excavation below grade and for backfill materials required when such
excavation is caused by negligence of the Contractor.**

**B. Compaction: Subgrade shall be compacted to 95 percent maximum
density according to AASHTO T 99.**

**C. Grading: Before forms are set, the subgrade shall be graded to
within one inch of established grade and the area between the sidewalk
and the adjacent property shall be shaped to line, grade, and section
shown on the drawings. Low areas in the subgrade shall be backfilled
with imported backfill and compacted.**

**D. Subgrade Moisture: Dry areas in the subgrade shall be thoroughly
moist when placing concrete. Subgrade shall be free from frost when the
concrete is deposited.**

**3.2 FORMS**

**A. General: Forms shall be of wood, metal, or other suitable material
and shall extend for the full depth of the concrete. Forms shall be
constructed to allow easy removal without prying or hammering against
the fresh concrete. **

**B. Preparation: Wooden forms may be oiled or watered immediately
before placement of concrete. Water shall be clean. Water shall not be
used when the atmospheric temperature is less than 40 degrees F. Steel
forms shall be lightly oiled with a good grade of form oil prior to
placing concrete. Excess oil shall be removed.**

**C. Alignment: Set forms to the lines and grades shown on the drawings.
Allowable tolerance for setting forms shall be as follows:**

**1. Top shall not deviate more than 1/8‑inch in 10 feet (3 mm in 3
meter) section.**

**2. Alignment shall be within 1/4‑inch in 10 feet (1.5 mm in 3 meter )
section.**

**3. Transverse slope \[as indicated\] of 1/4 inch per foot (6 mm per
300 mm ) with the low side adjacent to the roadway. Side forms shall not
be removed for 12 hours after finishing has been completed.**

**D. Bracing: Forms shall be braced to prevent deformation and
displacement.**

**3.3 PLACING AND FINISHING CONCRETE**

**\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\***

**SOME CONTRACTORS WILL WANT TO TOOL IN SHALLOWER CONTRACTION JOINTS
WITHOUT RESPECT TO TIME OF PLACEMENT. SHRINKAGE CRACKS CAN OCCUR SOON
AFTER CONCRETE PLACEMENT, DEPENDING ON AMBIENT TEMPERATURE AND CONCRETE
WATER CONTENT. CONTRACTION JOINTS ARE NORMALLY 1 INCH DEEP AND AT 8‑FOOT
INTERVALS.**

**\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\***

**A. Concrete Placement: Spread concrete in one layer uniformly between
the forms and thoroughly compact with a vibrator and a steel-shod
strikeboard.**

**B. Floating: After compaction and leveling, the concrete shall be
floated with wood floats and finished with a steel float except where
designated for exposed-aggregate finish.**

**C. Smooth Finish: After straightedging, when most of the water sheen
has disappeared, and just before the concrete hardens, finish the
surface to a smooth and uniformly fine granular or sandy texture free of
waves, irregularities, or tool marks. Produce a scored surface by
brooming with a fiber‑bristle brush in a direction transverse to that of
the traffic.**

**1. For the purpose of matching adjacent concrete finishes or for other
reasons, the Contracting Officer may permit other methods of finishing.
No plastering will be permitted.**

**D. Exposed Aggregate Finish:**

**1. When concrete has reached initial set, wash retarded-concrete
surfaces with water and scrub with stiff-bristle brush until aggregate
is sufficiently and uniformly exposed and matches accepted panel
samples.**

**2. If adequate aggregate exposure cannot be obtained with the method
specified above, scrub with acid-etch solution until aggregate is
sufficiently and uniformly exposed and matches accepted sample panels.**

**3. Do not over-expose aggregate.**

**4. When desired finish is achieved, wash and rinse exposed-aggregate
finish. If acid etch is used, neutralize before wash and rinse.**

**E. Edge and Joint Finishing: Edge joints with a \[1/4‑inch (6 mm)\]
\[1/8 inch(3 mm)\] radius edge. Edge sides of walk with 1/2‑inch (12 mm)
radius edger. Edge transverse joints before brooming; eliminate the
ridge and flat surface left by the edger. Ensure corners and edges are
solidly filled before edging to prevent crumbling or low areas.**

**F. Sidewalk Joints: Sidewalk joints shall be constructed to divide the
surface into rectangular areas. Transverse contraction joints shall be
spaced at a distance equal to the sidewalk width of 5 feet (1.5 m) on
centers, whichever is less, and shall be continuous across the slab.
Longitudinal contraction joints shall be constructed along centerline of
all sidewalks 10-feet (3 m) or more in width. Transverse expansion
joints shall be installed at sidewalk returns and opposite expansion
joints, in adjoining curbs. Where the sidewalk is not in contact with
the curb, transverse expansion joints shall be installed as indicated.
Expansion joints shall be formed about structures and features which
project through or into the sidewalk pavement, using joint filler of the
type, thickness, and width indicated.**

**1. Contraction Joints: Transverse contraction joints, cut to a depth
of \[\_\_\_\_\] inch or at least 1/4 the thickness of the concrete,
prior to final set of the concrete, shall be tooled in the sidewalks at
\[\_\_\_\_‑feet intervals\] \[at a distance equal to the sidewalk width
or 5 feet (1.5 m) on centers, whichever is less, and shall be continuous
across the slab. Longitudinal contraction joints shall be constructed
along the centerline of all sidewalks 10 feet(3 m) or more in width\]
\[or as shown on the drawings\]. Where practical, the sidewalk and curb
contraction joints shall match. Contraction joints must be made within 2
hours of placement.**

**2. Expansion Joints: Place with top edge not less than 1/4‑inch (6 mm)
nor more than 1/2‑inch (12 mm) below the surface and hold in place to
prevent warping during floating and finishing. Place at structures, at
driveways, and at points of tangency and curvature.**

**a. Expansion-joint material shall extend the full width of the
structure.**

**b. Expansion-joint material shall extend to the subgrade.**

**c. Concrete over the joint filler shall be removed.**

**d. At the end of the curing period, remove filler strips, then
carefully clean and fill expansion joints with joint sealer flush with
the concrete surface in such manner as to minimize spilling on the walk
surface. Concrete at the joint shall be surface dry and the atmospheric
and pavement temperatures shall be above 50 degrees F (10 degrees C) at
the time of application of joint‑sealing materials. Immediately remove
spilled sealing material and clean the surface of the walk.**

**\[(1) Sealing compound shall be installed where shown on the
drawings.\]**

**G. Reinforcement-Steel Placement:**

**\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\***

**NOTE: REINFORCEMENT STEEL NORMALLY WILL NOT BE REQUIRED FOR CURB AND
GUTTER CONSTRUCTION. WHERE CONDITIONS EXIST THAT MAKE IT ADVANTAGEOUS TO
USE REINFORCEMENT STEEL, THE REINFORCING STEEL DETAILS WILL BE
INDICATED, AND THE FOLLOWING PARAGRAPH WILL BE INCLUDED IN THE CONTRACT
SPECIFICATION.**

**\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\***

**1. Reinforcement steel shall be accurately and securely fastened in
place with suitable supports and ties before the concrete is placed.**

**H. Construction Joints: Shall be formed around all appurtenances such
as manholes, utility poles, extending into and through the sidewalk.**

**3.4 CURING**

**\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\***

**RETAIN ONLY THE METHODS OF CURING APPROPRIATE TO LOCAL WEATHER
CONDITIONS AND CONSTRUCTION PRACTICES. (BUT) RETAINING CONTRACTOR\'S
OPTION OF AT LEAST TWO CURING METHODS WILL PROMOTE COMPETITION IN
BIDDING.**

**\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\***

**A. General Requirements: Concrete shall be protected against loss of
moisture and rapid temperature changes for at least 7 days from the
beginning of the curing operation. Unhardened concrete shall be
protected from rain and flowing water. All equipment needed for adequate
curing and protection of the concrete shall be on hand and ready for use
before actual concrete placement begins. Protection shall be provided as
necessary to prevent cracking of the pavement due to temperature changes
during the curing period.**

**B. Mat Method: The entire exposed surface shall be covered with two or
more layers of burlap. Mats shall overlap each other at least 6 inches
(150 mm). The mat shall be thoroughly wetted with water prior to placing
on concrete surface and shall be kept continuously in a saturated
condition and in intimate contact with concrete for not less than 7
days.**

**C. Impervious Sheeting Method: The entire exposed surface shall be
wetted with a fine spray of water and then covered with impervious
sheeting material. Sheets shall be laid directly on the concrete surface
with the light‑colored side up and overlapped 12 inches (300 mm) when a
continuous sheet is not used. The curing medium shall not be less than
18‑inches (450 mm) wider than the concrete surface to be cured, and
shall be securely weighted down by heavy wood planks, or a bank of moist
earth placed along edges and laps in the sheets. Sheets shall be
satisfactorily repaired or replaced if torn or otherwise damaged during
curing. The curing medium shall remain on the concrete surface to be
cured for not less than 7 days.**

**D. Membrane Curing Method: A uniform coating of white‑pigmented
membrane‑curing compound shall be applied to the entire exposed surface
of the concrete as soon after finishing as the free water has
disappeared from the finished surface. Formed surfaces shall be coated
immediately after the forms are removed and in no case longer than 1
hour after the removal of forms. Concrete shall not be allowed to dry
before the application of the membrane. If any drying has occurred, the
surface of the concrete shall be moistened with a fine spray of water
and the curing compound applied as soon as the free water disappears.
Curing compound shall be applied in two coats by hand‑operated pressure
sprayers at a coverage of approximately 200 square feet per gallon
(5 square meters per liter) for both coats. The second coat shall be
applied in a direction approximately at right angles to the direction of
application of the first coat. The compound shall form a uniform,
continuous, coherent film that will not check, crack, or peel and shall
be free from pinholes or other imperfections. If pinholes, abrasion, or
other discontinuities exist, an additional coat shall be applied to the
affected areas within 30 minutes. Concrete surfaces that are subjected
to heavy rainfall within 3 hours after the curing compound has been
applied shall be resprayed by the method and at the coverage specified
above. Areas where the curing compound is damaged by subsequent
construction operations within the curing period shall be resprayed.
Necessary precautions shall be taken to insure that the concrete is
properly cured at sawed joints, and that no curing compound enters the
joints. The top of the joint opening and the joint groove at exposed
edges shall be tightly sealed before the concrete in the region of the
joint is resprayed with curing compound. The method used for sealing the
joint groove shall prevent loss of moisture from the joint during the
entire specified curing period. Approved standby facilities for curing
concrete pavement shall be provided at a location accessible to the
jobsite for use in the event of mechanical failure of the spraying
equipment or other conditions that might prevent correct application of
the membrane‑curing compound at the proper time. Concrete surfaces to
which membrane‑curing compounds have been applied shall be adequately
protected during the entire curing period from pedestrian and vehicular
traffic, except as required for joint‑sawing operations and surface
tests, and from any other possible damage to the continuity of the
membrane.**

**3.5 BACKFILLING**

**A. Requirements: After the concrete has cured \[for 14 days\], remove
debris; then backfill, grade, and compact the spaces in front, back, and
sides of the sidewalk to the required elevation with material similar to
adjacent materials, in layers of not more than 6 inches (150 mm). \[The
concrete shall be cured for 28 days before paving materials are filled
against it.\]**

**3.5 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL**

**\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\***

**DETERMINE WHETHER THE GOVERNMENT OR THE CONTRACTOR IS GOING TO PERFORM
THE REQUIRED TESTING AND EDIT ACCORDINGLY.**

**\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\***

**A. Inspection: Forms will be inspected and approved by the Contracting
Officer prior to concrete placement. The Contracting Officer will
receive \[one\] working day notice prior to concrete placement.**

**B. Testing: \[The Government will perform the required testing,
recording, and distributing of the results.\] \[The Government will make
arrangements for a certified, independent testing laboratory to perform
the required testing, recording, and distributing of the results.\]
\[The Contractor shall conduct the performance and acceptance tests of
the \[\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\]. The Contractor shall furnish
necessary equipment, labor, and materials to conduct the testing.
Testing shall be conducted in the presence of the Contracting Officer.\]
\[The Contractor shall make arrangements for a certified, independent
testing laboratory, according to the requirements of Section 01458 -
Testing Laboratory Services, to perform the required testing, recording,
and distributing of the results.\] \[Will be according to Section
03310 - Structural Concrete.\]**

**3.7 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL**

**A. General Requirements: The Contractor shall perform the inspection
and tests described and meet the specified requirements for inspection
details and frequency of testing. Based upon the results of these
inspections and tests, the Contractor shall take the action and submit
reports as required below, and any additional tests to insure that the
requirements of these specifications are met.**

**B. Concrete Testing: **

**1. Strength Testing: The Contractor shall provide molded concrete
specimens for strength tests. Samples of concrete placed each day shall
be taken not less than once a day nor less than once for every 250 cubic
yards (190 cubic meters) of concrete. The samples for strength tests
shall be taken in accordance with ASTM C 172. Cylinders for acceptance
shall be molded in conformance with ASTM C 31 by an approved testing
laboratory. Each strength test result shall be the average of two test
cylinders from the same concrete sample tested at 28 days, unless
otherwise specified or approved. Concrete specified on the basis of
compressive strength will be considered satisfactory if the averages of
all sets of three consecutive strength test results equal or exceed the
specified strength, and no individual strength test result falls below
the specified strength by more than 500 psi (4 MPa).**

**2. Air Content: Air content shall be determined in accordance with
ASTM C 173 or ASTM C 231. ASTM C 231 shall be used with concretes and
mortars made with relatively dense natural aggregates. Two tests for air
content shall be made on randomly selected batches of each class of
concrete placed during each shift. Additional tests shall be made when
excessive variation in concrete workability is reported by the placing
foreman or the Government inspector. If results are out of tolerance,
the placing foreman shall be notified and he shall take appropriate
action to have the air content corrected at the plant. Additional tests
for air content will be performed on each truckload of material until
such time as the air content is within the tolerance specified.**

**3. Slump Test: Two slump tests shall be made on randomly selected
batches of each class of concrete for every 190 cubic meters, (250 cubic
yards,) or fraction thereof, of concrete placed during each shift. Slump
shall not be more than \[4 inches (100 mm)\] for smooth finish walks;
and not more than \[3 inches (75 mm)\] for exposed aggregate walks, as
determined by ASTM C 143. Additional tests will be performed when
excessive variation in the workability of the concrete is noted or when
excessive crumbling or slumping is noticed along the edges of
slip‑formed concrete.**

**C. Thickness Evaluation: The anticipated thickness of the concrete
shall be determined prior to placement by passing a template through the
formed section or by measuring the depth of opening of the extrusion
template of the curb forming machine. If a slip form paver is used for
sidewalk placement, the subgrade shall be true to grade prior to
concrete placement and the thickness will be determined by measuring
each edge of the completed slab.**

**D. Surface Evaluation: The finished surface of each category of the
completed work shall be uniform in color and free of blemishes and form
or tool marks.**

**3.8 ADJUSTING**

**A. Surface Deficiencies and Corrections: Areas which exhibit excessive
cracking, discoloration, form marks, or tool marks or which exceed plan
grade, surface smoothness, or thickness tolerances shall be corrected as
directed by the Contracting Officer.**

**B. Thickness Deficiency: When measurements indicate that the completed
concrete section is deficient in thickness by more than 1/4 inch (6 mm)
the deficient section will be removed, between regularly scheduled
joints, and replaced.**

**C. High Areas: In areas not meeting surface smoothness and plan grade
requirements, high areas shall be reduced either by rubbing the freshly
finished concrete with carborundum brick and water when the concrete is
less than 36 hours old or by grinding the hardened concrete with an
approved surface grinding machine after the concrete is 36 hours old or
more. The area corrected by grinding the surface of the hardened
concrete shall not exceed 5 percent of the area of any integral slab,
and the depth of grinding shall not exceed 1/4 inch (6 mm). All pavement
areas requiring grade or surface smoothness corrections in excess of the
limits specified above shall be removed and replaced.**

**3.9 CLEANING**

**A. Clean‑up: Concrete spilled or splashed on adjacent surfaces shall
be thoroughly removed. After form removal, backfill and landscape to
match surrounding area.**

**B. Excess Materials: Excess and waste materials shall be disposed of
\[off the site.\] \[on the site at a location approved by the
Contracting Officer.\]**

**3.10 PROTECTION**

**A. General: Completed concrete shall be protected from damage until
accepted. The Contractor shall repair damaged concrete and clean
concrete discolored during construction. Concrete that is damaged shall
be removed and reconstructed for the entire length between regularly
scheduled joints. Refinishing the damaged portion will not be
acceptable. Removed damaged portions shall be disposed of as directed.**

**\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\***

**CONCRETE MAY REQUIRE PROTECTION AGAINST THE ACTION OF UREA, SODIUM
CHLORIDE, AND CALCIUM CHLORIDE USED FOR DEICING PURPOSES. PROTECTION
AGAINST THESE CHEMICALS IS NOT REQUIRED FOR CONCRETE OF THE SPECIFIED
AIR CONTENT THAT WILL BE IN PLACE FOR A CUMULATIVE TIME OF 6 WEEKS AT A
CONTINUOUS MINIMUM TEMPERATURE OF 5 DEGREES C (40 DEGREES F), EXCLUDING
THE CURING TIME. OTHERWISE, CONCRETE WHICH WILL BE EXPOSED TO DEICING
CHEMICALS SHOULD BE GIVEN PROTECTIVE COATING AFTER THE CURING PERIOD.
CONCRETE WHICH IS TO RECEIVE PROTECTIVE COATING SHOULD BE MOIST CURED TO
ELIMINATE THE NEED FOR REMOVING A CURING MEMBRANE PRIOR TO APPLICATION
OF THE PROTECTIVE COATING. ACI COMMITTEE REPORT 515 PROVIDES A DETAILED
DISCUSSION OF PROTECTIVE COATING FOR CONCRETE. INSERT THE FOLLOWING
PARAGRAPHS IF PROTECTIVE COATING IS REQUIRED.**

**\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\***

**B. Protective Coating: Protective coating of linseed oil mixture shall
be applied to the exposed‑to‑view concrete surface.**

**1. Application: Curing and backfilling operation shall be completed
prior to applying protective coating. Concrete shall be surface dry and
thoroughly clean before each application. Coverage shall be not more
than 50 square yards per gallon (11 square meters per liter) for first
application and not more than 70 square yards per gallon (15.5 square
meters per liter) for second application, except that the number of
applications and coverage for each application for commercially prepared
mixture shall be in accordance with the manufacturer\'s instructions.
Coated surfaces shall be protected from vehicular and pedestrian traffic
until dry.**

**2. Precautions: Protective coating shall not be heated by direct
application of flame or electrical heaters and shall be protected from
exposure to open flame, sparks, and fire adjacent to open containers or
applicators. Material shall not be applied at temperatures lower than 50
degrees F. (10 degrees C.)**

**[PART 4: MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT]{.underline}**

**4.1 METHOD OF MEASUREMENT**

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**WHEN A \"LUMP SUM\" CONTRACT IS USED, DELETE THE TITLE PART 4:
MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT, AND BOTH ARTICLES FROM THIS SECTION.
MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT WILL BE ADDRESSED IN PART 4 OF SECTION 01009
-GENERAL INFORMATION AND REQUIREMENTS OR SECTION 01010 - SUMMARY OF
WORK.**

**WHEN NOT A \"LUMP SUM\" CONTRACT, SELECT APPLICABLE PHRASES; USE THE
\"NO MEASUREMENT\" PHRASE WHEN NONE OF THE PAY ITEMS IN THIS SECTION ARE
INCLUDED IN THE BID SCHEDULE.**

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**A. Units: The work described in this section will \[not be measured
for payment.\] \[be measured and paid for\] \[on a lump sum basis.\]
\[on a cubic yard basis.\] \[on a cubic meter basis.\]**

**4.2 BASIS OF PAYMENT**

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**WHEN NOT A \"LUMP SUM\" CONTRACT, SELECT APPLICABLE PHRASES; USE THE
\"NO DIRECT PAYMENT\" PHRASE WHEN NONE OF THE PAY ITEMS IN THIS SECTION
ARE INCLUDED IN THE BID SCHEDULE.**

**WHEN NOT A \"LUMP SUM\" CONTRACT AND PAYMENT IS TO BE MADE UNDER THIS
SECTION, SELECT APPLICABLE PAY ITEMS. DO NOT CHANGE PAY ITEM NUMBER.**

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**A. Payment: \[No direct payment for the work described under this
section will be made. Consideration for this item shall be included in
the bid price for other items of the Contract.\] \[Prices and payment
will be full compensation for the work described in this section.
Payment will be made under:\]**

** [Pay Item]{.underline} [Pay Unit]{.underline}**

**02776(01) Concrete Sidewalk Lump Sum**

**02776(02) Concrete Sidewalk Cubic Yard**

**02776(03) Concrete Sidewalk Cubic Meter**

**END OF SECTION**