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READ AND **REMOVE THIS PAGE** BEFORE PLACING

THE SPECIFICATION SECTION IN THE CONTRACT

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[DIVISION 2: SITE CONSTRUCTION]{.underline}

SECTION 02666a - RESERVOIR SEALING: BENTONITE

USE: Stabilization of soils or sealing reservoirs with bentonite.

**NOTES TO SPECIFIER:**

A. Options within paragraphs are identified by enclosure in brackets;
blank spaces enclosed by brackets \[\_\_\_\_\_\] provide for information
to be inserted, as appropriate, to individual projects.

B. **TO AVOID CONFLICTING REQUIREMENTS AND COSTLY MISTAKES,** the
specifier must edit (delete, substitute or add to the text). The
remaining paragraphs must be renumbered.

C. DELETE FOR FINAL COPY: Notes to the Specifier, located between lines
of asterisks; all \[brackets\], [underlining]{.underline}, **boldface**,
and *italics*, within the paragraphs; and this page. (Open Reveal Codes
\[alt F3\] to do this accurately.)

D. [To Edit "(Footer B)":]{.underline} (Corel 8). **ENTIRE FOOTER SHOULD
BE BOLDED.** Click in the footer and delete the "Project Name (ftr B)"
text and replace it with the **Name of the Project (upper and lower
case)**. Replace date with current MM/YY (WITHOUT BRACKETS).

E. The Guide Specifications are intended to be continuously reviewed and
revised. User's technical comments are appreciated. Also, other related
or similar specification that are written "from scratch" that could
benefit others, or other questions can be sent to NSTC A/E Group, ST
110, or call (303) 987-6868.

**DRAWING DATA REQUIRED:**

**REQUIRED SPEC MODIFICATIONS:**

[GENERAL NOTES]{.underline}

A. Whenever entire articles, paragraphs, or subparagraphs are not
applicable, the articles, paragraphs, or subparagraphs should be
deleted; when necessary, reletter or renumber articles, paragraphs, or
subparagraphs.

B. THIS GUIDE IS NOT INTENDED AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR READING THE ENTIRE
SECTION.

[TECHNICAL NOTES]{.underline}

A. 1.1A: Select applicable phrases.

B. 1.1B: Select or add applicable specification sections. Do not list
specification sections from Division 2.

C. 1.2A: Select or add applicable references.

D. 1.3A: Select applicable specification section.

E. 1.3B: Insert number of copies of Certificates of Conformance
required. Normally 3 copies are required. Distribution after review is
normally 1 copy to the COR, 1 copy to the Contractor, and 1 copy to the
project file.

F. 1.3C: Delete when weight tickets are required.

G. 1.3D: Delete when bills of lading are required.

H. 1.4A: Select applicable words or phrases.

I. 2.1A: Select applicable words or phrases.

J. 3.1B: Insert applicable backslope.

K. 3.1C: Complete depth of excavation and quantity of soil to be
stockpiled.

L. 3.1D: Complete depth of disking.

M. 3.2A: Complete rate of application and wind restriction.

N. 3.2B: Complete mixing depth.

O. 3.2C: Complete backfilling depth.

P. 3.2D: Complete compaction depth.

Q. 3.3A: Determine whether the Government or the Contractor is going to
perform the required testing and edit accordingly.

R. 3.3B: Select applicable phrase.

S. 4.1 and 4.2: When a \"lump sum\" Contract is used, delete the title
PART 4: MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT, and both articles from this section.
Measurement and payment will be addressed in Part 4 of Section 01009
-General Information and Requirements or Section 01010 - Summary of
Work.

T. 4.1A: When not a \"lump sum\" Contract, select applicable phrases;
use the \"no measurement\" phrase when none of the Pay Items in this
section are included in the Bid Schedule.

U. 4.2A: When not a \"lump sum\" Contract, select applicable phrases;
use the \"no direct payment\" phrase when none of the Pay Items in this
section are included in the Bid Schedule.

V. 4.2A: When not a \"lump sum\" Contract and payment is to be made
under this section, select applicable Pay Items. Do not change Pay Item
number. When Government-furnished property is specified for Pay Items,
the letter suffix GF will be added after the parenthesis of the item
number.

**REVISIONS OF THIS SECTION:**

CSI format, editorial changes: 12/01

Metric:

Technical Update: 10/91

SECTION 02666a

RESERVOIR SEALING: BENTONITE

[PART 1: GENERAL]{.underline}

1.1 SUMMARY:

A. Section Includes: \[Furnishing and installing\] \[Installing
Government-furnished\] bentonite.

B. Specification Sections:

General Information and Requirements Section 01009

Summary of Work Section 01010

Government-Furnished Property Section 01019

Submittals Section 01300

Certificates of Conformance Section 01365

Testing Laboratory Services Section 01410

1.2 REFERENCES:

A. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials:

AASHTO T 99-86 The Moisture-Density Relations of Soils Using a 5.5 lb
(2.5 kg) Rammer and a 12-Inch (305 mm) Drop

AASHTO T 217-83 Determination of Moisture in Soils by Means of a Calcium
Carbide Gas Pressure Moisture Tester

AASHTO T 239-86 Moisture Content of Soil and Soil-Aggregate in Place by
Nuclear Methods (Shallow Depth)

1.3 SUBMITTALS:

A. General: Submittals shall be according to \[Section 01009 - General
Information and Requirements.\] \[Section 01300 - Submittals.\] \[and\]
\[Section 01365 - Certificates of Conformance.\]

B. Certificates of Conformance: Submit \[\_\_\_\_\] copies of written
certification from the supplier of the Contractor-furnished bentonite to
be used on this project that it conforms to the requirements of this
specification section.

C. Bill of Lading: Submit a bill of lading showing the weight with each
shipment of sacked bentonite delivered to the work site.

D. Weight Tickets: Submit weight tickets showing weight of bentonite
with each shipment of bulk bentonite delivered to the work site.

1.4 PROJECT/SITE CONDITIONS:

A. Work Limits: Will be \[staked\] \[and\] \[control points
established\] by the Government.

1.5 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING:

A. Storage: Bentonite stored on the project site longer than one week,
shall have a protective cover placed over it.

PART 2: PRODUCTS

2.1 MATERIALS:

A. Bentonite: \[Shall be pulverized (powered)-processed commercial
bentonite in 100 pound sacks or in \"dry\" bulk state.\] \[Shall be
unprocessed and high swelling. High swelling is defined as the ability
of two grams of base bentonite, when mechanically reduced to minus 100
mesh to swell in water to an apparent volume of 100 cc or more when
added a little at a time to 100 cc of distilled water contained in a
graduated cylinder.\]

2.2 EQUIPMENT:

A. Spreaders: Fertilizer spreader or similar machine shall be used for
spreading the sacked bentonite. Bulk bentonite in tankers shall be
distributed by a self-contained pneumatic system.

B. Mixers: Tandem-disk plow, rototiller or similar equipment shall be
used to mix the bentonite with the soil.

[PART 3: EXECUTION]{.underline}

3.1 PREPARATION:

A. Clearing and Grubbing: Vegetation, trees, stumps, roots, trash,
stones, and other objects of a size or nature to interfere with the
operation shall be removed and placed in a location and manner approved
by the Contracting Officer.

B. Trimming: Slopes within the work area except existing earthfill
embankments shall be trimmed to not steeper than \[4:1\] unless
otherwise specified. Suitable material resulting from the bank-trimming
operation shall be deposited uniformly throughout the work area.

C. Stripping: After the topsoil and organic material has been removed,
the Contractor will excavate an additional minimum depth of \[4 inches\]
over the entire basin area below the high water line (HWL). This
material shall be used to cover the bentonite. It is estimated that \[25
yd^3^\] of soil will need to be excavated and stockpiled for each ton of
bentonite to be covered. Excavated material will be stockpiled at the
location designated by the Contracting Officer.

D. Disking: The Contractor shall thoroughly disk, to a depth of not less
than \[6 inches\] the area established by the Contracting Officer.

3.2 INSTALLATION:

A. Placement: After site preparation has been completed, the Contractor
shall place or spread the bentonite to a uniform depth of not less than
1/16 inch in depth and at an application rate of not less than \[1 lb\]
of bentonite per ft^2^ over the designated area. Materials shall not be
placed when either materials or the surface on which it is to be placed
are frozen or too wet for satisfactory compaction. No \"bulk\" bentonite
will be distributed during winds in excess of \[10 MPH\] or sacked
bentonite in winds exceeding \[20 MPH\] unless approved in writing by
the Contracting Officer.

B. Mixing: After bentonite has been uniformly applied over the
designated areas, the bentonite shall be thoroughly mixed with the
underlying soil to a depth of \[6\] inches. A minimum of two passes at
right angles to each other shall be made at the full depth of mixing.

C. Covering: After bentonite and soil have been thoroughly mixed, it
shall be covered using the material previously excavated and stockpiled
for this purpose. The earthfill covering shall be placed evenly over the
bentonite and shall not be less than \[4\] inches in thickness after
compaction.

D. Compaction: After bentonite and soil have been placed, the top \[6\]
inches shall be compacted.

3.3 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL:

A. Testing: \[The Government will perform the required testing,
recording, and distributing of the results.\] \[The Government will make
arrangements for a certified independent testing laboratory to perform
the required testing, recording, and distributing of the results.\]
\[The Contractor shall conduct the performance and acceptance tests of
the
\[\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\].

\[The Contractor shall furnish necessary equipment, labor, and materials
to conduct the testing.\] \[Testing shall be conducted in the presence
of the Contracting Officer who shall be given 48 hours notice before any
test is to be conducted.\] \[The Contractor shall make arrangements for
a certified independent testing laboratory, according to the
requirements of Section 01410 - Testing Laboratory Services, to perform
the required testing, recording and distributing of the results.\]

B. Moisture Content: During placing and compacting of bentonite and soil
mix, the optimum moisture content (-4% to +2%) as determined by AASHTO T
217 or AASHTO T 239, unless otherwise approved, shall be maintained by
wetting or drying, as required.

C. Density: Compaction shall be \[to a minimum density of 95% of the
maximum dry density determined by AASHTO T 99, Method C.\] \[to the same
density as that of the natural undisturbed ground adjacent to the work
site.\]

[PART 4: MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT]{.underline}

4.1 METHOD OF MEASUREMENT:

A. Units: The work described in this section will \[not be measured for
payment.\] \[be measured and paid for\] \[on a lump sum basis.\] \[to
the nearest 0.1 ton of bentonite material applied to the designated
areas. The measurement of tons will be computed from the actual number
of 100 lb bentonite sacks actually applied at the site. For bentonite
applied in the bulk form, the weight ticket will be used to compute the
number of tons for payment.\]

4.2 BASIS OF PAYMENT:

A. Payment: \[No direct payment for the work described under this
section will be made. The Contractor shall include consideration for
this item in the bid price for other items of the Contract.\] \[Prices
and payment will be full compensation for the work described in this
section. Payment will be made under:\]

[Pay Item Pay Unit]{.underline}

02666a(01) Reservoir Sealing: Bentonite. . . . . . . . . . . Lump Sum

02666a(02) Reservoir Sealing: Bentonite. . . . . . . . . . . Ton

END OF SECTION