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READ AND REMOVE THIS PAGE BEFORE PLACING

THE SPECIFICATION SECTION IN THE CONTRACT

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[DIVISION 9: FINISHES]{.underline}

SECTION 09930 ‑ TRANSPARENT FINISHES

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\* [NOTICE TO DESIGNER!!]{.underline} \*

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\* THIS SPECIFICATION MUST BE MODIFIED TO \*

\* COMPLY WITH STATE OR LOCAL REQUIREMENTS \*

\* WHEN THEY ARE MORE STRINGENT \*

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USE: Application of oil base wood stain.

**NOTES TO SPECIFIER:**

A. Options within paragraphs are identified by enclosure in brackets;
blank spaces enclosed by brackets \[\_\_\_\_\_\] provide for information
to be inserted, as appropriate, to individual projects.

B. **TO AVOID CONFLICTING REQUIREMENTS AND COSTLY MISTAKES,** the
specifier must edit (delete, substitute or add to the text). The
remaining paragraphs must be renumbered.

C. DELETE FOR FINAL COPY: Notes to the Specifier, located between lines
of asterisks; all \[brackets\], [underlining]{.underline}, **boldface**,
and *italics*, within the paragraphs; and this page. (Open Reveal Codes
\[alt F3\] to do this accurately.)

D. [To Edit "(Footer B)":]{.underline} (Corel 8). **ENTIRE FOOTER SHOULD
BE BOLDED.** Click in the footer and delete the "Project Name (ftr B)"
text and replace it with the **Name of the Project (upper and lower
case)**. Replace date with current MM/YY (WITHOUT BRACKETS).

E. The Guide Specifications are intended to be continuously reviewed and
revised. User's technical comments are appreciated. Also, other related
or similar specification that are written "from scratch" that could
benefit others, or other questions can be sent to NSTC A/E Group, ST
110, or call (303) 987-6868.

**DRAWING DATA REQUIRED:**

**REQUIRED SPEC MODIFICATIONS:**

[GENERAL NOTES]{.underline}

A. Whenever entire articles, paragraphs, or subparagraphs are not
applicable, the articles, paragraphs, or subparagraphs should be
deleted; when necessary, reletter or renumber articles, paragraphs, or
subparagraphs.

B. THIS GUIDE IS NOT INTENDED AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR READING THE ENTIRE
SECTION.

[TECHNICAL NOTES]{.underline}

A. 1.1B: Select or add applicable specification sections. Do not list
specification sections from Division 9.

B. 1.2: Select or add applicable references.

C. 1.3: Select applicable specification sections.

D. 1.3B: Insert number of the manufacturer\'s descriptive data required.
Normally 5 copies are required. Distribution after review is normally 1
copy to the COR, 3 copies to the Contractor, and 1 copy to the project
file.

E. 1.3C: Insert number of copies of the manufacturer\'s application
required. Normally 5 copies are required. Distribution after review is
normally 1 copy to the COR, 3 copies to the Contractor, and 1 copy to
the project file.

F. 1.3D: Insert number of copies of Certificates of Conformance
required. Normally 3 copies are required. Distribution after review is
normally 1 copy to the COR, 1 copy to the Contractor, and 1 copy to the
project file.

G. 1.3E: Select applicable phrases. Insert number of samples required.
Normally 2 samples are required. Distribution after review is normally 1
sample to the COR, and 1 sample to the Contractor.

H. 1.7A: Insert and select appropriate wording. The number and size of
containers will depend on size of job and severity of use and exposure.

I. 2.1A: Select color if drawings are not used or delete color selection
when drawings are attached.

J. 2.1B: Insert and select appropriate wording.

K. 2.1C: Insert and select appropriate wording.

L. 3.8B: Select number of coats. 1 coat of semitransparent stain is
usually adequate for exterior and interior applications. For more sever
exterior applications 2 coats of semi-transparent (or preservative
stain) may be required. Interior surfaces such as doors and trim require
2 coats of varnish. Other surfaces, such as paneling usually require no
varnish over the stain coating. However, when extreme conditions exist 1
coat of varnish may be needed to protect paneling or other wood
surfaces.

M. 4.1 and 4.2: When a \"lump sum\" contract is used, delete the title
Part 4: MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT, and both articles from this section.
Measurement and payment will be addressed in Part 4 of Section 01010.

**REVISIONS OF THIS SECTION:**

CSI format, editorial changes: 12/01

Metric:

Technical Update: 05/90

SECTION 09930

TRANSPARENT FINISHES

[PART l: GENERAL]{.underline}

1.1 SUMMARY:

A. Section Includes: Furnishing and installing solid and semi
transparent oil base wood stain finish.

1.2 REFERENCES:

A. Federal Specifications:

Fed. Spec. TT-F-336E Filler, Wood Paste

Fed. Spec. TT-S-708A(2) Stain, Oil Semi-Transparent, Wood, Exterior

Fed. Spec. TT-S-711C Stain, Oil Type, Wood, Interior

Fed. Spec. TT-V-85C(1) Varnish, Oil, Low Sheen, Brush or Spray
Application

Fed. Spec. TT-V-121H Varnish, Spar, Water Resisting

1.3 SUBMITTALS:

A. General: Submittals shall be according to \[Section 01300 -
Submittals\] \[and\] \[Section 01365 - Certificates of Conformance\].

B. Manufacturer\'s Literature: Submit \[\_\_\_\_\] copies of the
manufacturer\'s descriptive data for the stain and coatings to be used
on this project.

C. Application Instructions: Submit \[\_\_\_\_\] copies of the
manufacturer\'s application instructions for the stain and coatings to
be used on this project.

D. Certificates of Conformance: Submit \[\_\_\_\_\] copies of written
certification from the manufacturer of the contractor-furnished stain
and coatings to be used on this project that they conform to the
requirements of this specification section.

E. Samples: Submit three 6 inch x 6 inch samples of each \[color\]
\[and\] \[pattern\] \[style\] of \[\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\] \[the
following items\] to be used on this project. Samples shall be
\[\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.\] \[Samples shall be actual material and\]
\[colors required\] \[the full range of colors required.\] \[Furnish
\[\_\_\_\_\] copies of the manufacturer\'s standard color chart for
color selection.\] \[Stain\] \[Finish\] \[shall be on the same base
material as required in this specification.\]

1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE:

A. Failure criteria: Not limited to the following:

1\. Chipping, flaking, excessive fading or chalking or peeling of the
finish.

B. Applicator Qualifications: The firm engaged for work under this
Section shall, upon request, furnish in writing, its qualifications
attesting to past satisfactory experience in painting work of not less
than the scope of this project. Only qualified journeymen shall apply
the specified stains; apprentices may be employed on the project to work
under the direction of qualified journeymen, according to trade
regulations.

C. Manufacturer Qualifications: A company regularly engaged in the
manufacture of wood finishing materials conforming to standards
referenced in this specification.

1.5 DELIVERY, STORAGE AND HANDLING:

A. Delivery: Materials shall be delivered to the job site in sealed,
original, labeled containers, each bearing manufacturer\'s name, type of
stain, varnish and preservative brand name, color designation and
instructions.

B. Storage: Store materials at a minimum ambient temperature of 45
degrees F in a well-ventilated and heated designated area or areas.
Protect from freezing. Take necessary measures to prevent fire hazards
and spontaneous combustion. Where toxic materials, including both toxic
and explosive solvents are used, take appropriate precautions as a
regular procedure, conforming to the manufacturer\' instructions and to
the requirements of the applicable safety regulatory agencies.

1.6 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS:

A. Weather Conditions: Exterior work on unprotected surfaces shall not
be done when it is raining or moisture from any other source is present,
or expected before applied stains can dry or attain proper cure. Allow
surfaces wetted by rain or other moisture source to dry and to attain
temperatures and condition specified before proceeding or continuing
with coating application.

B. Temperatures:

1\. General: Except as noted, do no coating work when temperatures on
the surface or of the air in the vicinity of the work are below 40
degrees F or below those temperatures recommended by the manufacturer
for the material type used. For exterior work, the minimum temperatures
shall be not less than 50 degrees F nor more than 85 degrees F UNLESS
specifically approved in writing by the Contracting Officer.

2\. Temporary Heat: When temporary heat is required for exterior work at
or above minimum temperatures specified, provide the approved temporary
heat or delay work until minimum surface and air temperatures exist for
the specified time period. Unless otherwise specified, maintain
temporary heat for exterior work to achieve temperatures above the
specified minimum for 24 hours before and after coating application.

1.7 MAINTENANCE:

A. Extra Materials: Furnish \[\_\_\_\_\] properly labeled and sealed
\[quart\] \[gallon\] containers of each type of finish coat of each
color taken from the batch mix furnished for the work.

[PART 2: PRODUCTS]{.underline}

2.1 MATERIALS:

A. General: Stains shall be factory mixed. Field mix coatings in paste
or powder form are not allowed. Stain material shall be applied full
strength; thinning is not allowed. Color\[s\] shall be
\[\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\] \[as shown in Section 09999-Color Schedule\].
\[Refer to drawings for stain types and location\]. All products shall
conform to standards referenced in this specification.

B. Stain, \[Semi Transparent\] \[and\] \[Solid Color\]: Oil-based
factory-formulated with natural linseed oil vehicle and high-quality,
micro-milled pigments. Exterior stain shall conform to Fed. Spec.
TT-S-708; interior stain shall conform to Fed. Spec. TT-S-711.

C. Preservative Stain, \[Semi Transparent\] \[and\] \[Solid Color\]: Oil
based stain factory-formulated with natural linseed oil and high
quality, micro-milled pigments. This product will contain 0.5% TBTO
(tributyl tin-oxide), a preservative, and 0.5% Folpet (trichloromethyl
thophthalimide), a mildewcide, or phenyl-mercury-oleate or equal as a
rot and fungus growth preventative. No creosote products are allowed.

D. Interior Varnish: Clear interior satin varnish as recommended by
stain manufacturer conforming to Fed. Spec. TT-V-85.

E. Exterior Varnish: Clear exterior gloss varnish as recommended by
stain manufacturer conforming to Fed. Spec. TT-V-121.

F. Clear Wood Preservative: A clear, water-repellent wood preservative
product with extra mildewcide and fungicide in a natural linseed oil
vehicle as recommended by stain manufacturer.

G. Interior Wood Sealer for Stain: An interior penetrating sealer for
use prior to a semi-transparent stain application to minimize blotching
and grain raise and maximize moisture control as recommended by stain
manufacturer.

[PART 3: EXECUTION]{.underline}

3.1 EXAMINATION:

A. Verification of Conditions: Do not proceed until discovered defects
such as cracks and other surface imperfections have been corrected and
surfaces are acceptable to receive the specified products.

3.2 PREPARATION OF NEW SURFACES:

A. General: Prepare surfaces to receive scheduled work as set forth
below. Where mildew is evident, remove it by scrubbing with a solution
of 1 cup non-ammoniated detergent and one quart of household bleach
dissolved in 3 quarts warm water. Rinse thoroughly with clear water.
Where mildew growth is particularly severe, apply a solution of 50%
bleach and 50% water. Leave the solution on the affected areas for 10-15
minutes before thoroughly rinsing. CAUTION: These are potentially
harmful materials. Follow manufacturer\' precautions. Wear protective
clothing, eye goggles and rubber gloves.

B. Unfinished wood and plywood: Remove pencil marks, grade stamps,
discoloration, dirt or other contamination and loose wood fibers by
sanding and brushing. The surface shall be clean and dry. Wood moisture
content maximum 12% when measured by acceptable moisture meter.

C. Surfaces: Shall be thoroughly dry before applying stain.

3.03 PREPARATION OF EXISTING SURFACES:

A. General: On existing finished surfaces to be refinished, remove all
loose, blistered, or cracked finish to bare substrate. Where new work
joins existing work prepare existing surfaces extending to the nearest
break in the plane. Wash surfaces, with detergent and water or other
solution as required to remove any accumulated dirt, oil, grease, or
other foreign matter which would impair bond or bleed through new
finishes. After washing, rinse with water and allow to dry thoroughly.
Where mildew is evident, remove it as described in this specification.

B. Method: To remove loose prior coating, use methods such as scraping,
wire brushing, or high-pressure water blasting. When scraping or wire
brushing, rinse thoroughly. Sand smooth or feather all rough edges.

C. Painted Surfaces: Lightly sand or etch glossy surfaces.

D. Surfaces: Shall be thoroughly dry before applying stain.

E. Prefinished Surfaces: Bare wood which has been exposed by cleaning,
shall be primed as recommended by stain manufacturer.

3.4 APPLICATION:

A. General: All coatings are to be applied in according to the
manufacturer\'s written instructions. Prior to use and during
application, thoroughly mix coating materials to assure a continual and
equal balance of all ingredients. Apply stain or finish by methods
generally accepted by the trade to achieve approved results. Sand
lightly between coats to achieve required finish. Do not apply finishes
on surfaces that are not sufficiently dry. Make sure each coat of finish
is dry and hard before a following coat is applied unless the
manufacturer\'s directions state otherwise. Where applicable, tint
filler to match stain when clear interior finishes are specified. Work
filler well into grain and, before it has set, working perpendicularly
to the grain, wipe the excess from the surface.

B. New Exterior Wood Surfaces:

1\. Wood Doors and Windows and Trim: After doors are fit to frames, but
prior to their installation by other trades, apply two coats of stain or
clear wood preservative to top, bottom, and edges of each door. After
windows and sash are fit to their frames, but before installation by
other trades, prime ends and edges normally concealed with one coat of
clear wood preservative. Clear wood preservative shall be recommended or
approved by stain manufacturer. Backprime all trim. Apply finish coats.
When scheduled apply exterior gloss varnish after stain has dried for 2
days minimum. Varnish shall be approved by stain manufacturer.

2\. All Other Wood Surfaces: Prime and backprime with finish coat,
faces, edges and ends prior to installation by other trades. Apply
finish coats.

C. New Interior Wood Surfaces:

1\. Wood Doors and Windows and Trim: After doors are fit to frames, but
prior to their installation by other trades, apply two coats of stain or
clear wood preservative to top, bottom, and edges of each door. After
windows and sash are fit to their frames, but before installation by
other trades, prime ends and edges normally concealed with one coat of
clear wood preservative. Backprime all trim. Clear wood preservative
shall be recommended or approved by stain manufacturer. Apply finish
coats. When scheduled apply interior satin varnish after stain has dried
for 2 days minimum. Varnish shall be approved by stain manufacturer.

2\. All Other Wood Surfaces: When scheduled or recommended by stain
manufacturer apply one coat of interior wood sealer. Sealer shall be
approved by stain manufacturer. Sand lightly and allow sealer to cure
before applying stain. Apply finish coats.

D. Finish Coats: All finish coats of stain and varnish shall be as
scheduled in this specification.

E. Methods:

1\. Brushing: Use a high-quality natural bristle brush. In all brushing,
maintain a wet edge to avoid lap marks. On horizontal siding, begin at
one edge of several board and apply the coating all the way across to a
logical break, such as a door, window, other trim, or corner. On
vertical siding, begin at the top of several boards and work down. When
brushing, work the material into the surface for maximum durability.

2\. Brush Pad: Use a high-quality brush pad and special tray or
container. In all brushing maintain a wet edge to avoid lap marks. On
horizontal siding, begin at one edge of several boards and apply the
coating all the way across to a logical break, such as a door, window,
other trim, or corner. On vertical siding, begin at the top of several
boards and work down. Do not use a brush pad on an extremely rough
surface.

3\. Rolling: Can be used for applying coatings to rough or resawn
surfaces only. Use medium- or deep-pile rollers on rough surfaces. (Do
not use roller application to apply Oil Stains to smooth surfaces.)

4\. Dipping: Only rough surfaces receiving semi-transparent stain shall
be dipped. Apply stain or preservative by dipping so that more of the
coating or preservative chemicals are absorbed. Submerge lumber
completely in the stain or preservative for a short time. Then allow to
drain and dry. Dry each piece of lumber without any object touching the
surface to be exposed. During dipping operation frequently stir the
stain to keep thoroughly mixed and assure an even color.

5\. Spraying. Use either airless or conventional air atomizing
high-pressure spraying equipment. Take steps to ensure that an adequate
amount of coating is applied to the surface. Use a 40 degree to 60
degree fan angle. Follow spray application of oil-based products with a
dry brush or roller pass to ensure even distribution of the material
over the surface and to force the coating into the wood surface. Follow
proper safety and health precautions during all spray applications. The
following is a guide only. The experience of the operator, the equipment
being used, and the surface will have an impact on the final selection
of the orifice size and pressure.

a\. Airless Spray

\(1\) Semi-Transparent Oil Stain, Stain/Preservative

Fluid Pressure: 500 to 1,100 P.S.I.

Orifice Size: 0.011 to 0.013

\(2\) Solid Color Oil Base Stain, Primer

Fluid Pressure: 1,500 to 2,000 P.S.I.

Orifice Size: 0.013 to 0.015

b\. Conventional Air Atomization

\(1\) Semi-Transparent Stain, Stain/Preservative

Fluid Pressure: 25 to 30 P.S.I.

Atomizing Air Pressure: 30 to 40 P.S.I.

Orifice Size: 0.040 to 0.052

Air Nozzle Air Rate: 12 to 14 CFM to 50 P.S.I.

\(2\) Solid Color Oil Base Stain, Primer

Fluid Pressure: 25 to 30 P.S.I.

Atomizing Air Pressure: 30 to 40 P.S.I.

Orifice Size: .052 to .086

Air Nozzle Air Rate: 12 CFM to 14 CFM at 50 P.S.I.

6\. Machine Staining System: Apply products to all lumber using offsite
machine staining systems operated by a mechanic who has been approved or
trained by the machine manufacturer.

3.5 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL:

A. General: Obvious discrepancies in color rendition shall be the basis
for rejection and restaining or replacement of the members.

3.6 CLEANING:

A. General: As the work proceeds and on completion of the work, promptly
remove all paint where spilled, splashed or splattered in a manner as
not to damage the surface from which it is removed. During the progress
of the work, keep the premises free from an unnecessary accumulation of
tools, equipment, surplus materials and debris resulting from the work
under this section. At the conclusion of the work, leave the premises
neat and clean.

B. Applicator Cleaning: Brushes, rollers, and other tools, shall be
cleaned with mineral spirits as recommended by coating manufacturer.

3.7 PROTECTION:

A. General: Protect other surfaces from coatings and damage caused by
this work. Repair damage caused by failure to provide suitable
protection.

B. Drop Cloths: Provide sufficient drop cloths, shields and protective
equipment to prevent spray or drippings from fouling surfaces not being
coated including surfaces within the storage and preparation areas.

C. Removal of Flammable Rubbish: Place cotton waste, cloths and material
which may constitute a fire hazard in closed metal containers and remove
from the site daily.

3.8 SCHEDULES:

A. Coverage Schedule: Apply stain to surfaces at rates recommended by
the coating manufacturer. The following rates should be considered
maximums.

1\. Smooth Wood: 250 sq. ft. per gallon

2\. Rough Wood: 150 sq. ft. per gallon

B. Coating Schedule: Listed below is a schedule of the finish coats
required:

1\. Semi-Transparent Oil Stain:

a\. Exterior surfaces \[\_\_\_\] coat\[s\]

b\. Interior surfaces \[\_\_\_\] coat\[s\]

2\. Solid Color Oil Stain: 1 coat

3\. Preservative Stain: \[\_\_\_\] coat\[s\]

4\. Interior Varnish \[\_\_\_\] coat\[s\]

5\. Exterior Varnish: 2 coats

[PART 4: MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT]{.underline}

4.1 METHOD OF MEASUREMENT:

A. Units: The work described in this section will not be measured for
payment.

4.2 BASIS OF PAYMENT:

A. Payment: No direct payment for the work described under this section
will be made. The Contractor shall include consideration for this item
in the bid price for other items of the Contract.

END OF SECTION