\* \* \* \* \* \* \* \* \* \*

READ AND **REMOVE THIS PAGE** BEFORE PLACING

THE SPECIFICATION SECTION IN THE CONTRACT

\* \* \* \* \* \* \* \* \* \*

[DIVISION 2: SITE CONSTRUCTION]{.underline}

SECTION 02334 ‑ MINOR EARTH DAMS AND PITS

USE: Construction of complete minor earth dams and water retention pits
(Pit Reservoirs). THIS SECTION IS INTENDED TO BE USED WITHOUT OTHER
EARTHWORK SECTIONS AND ONLY FOR MINOR DAMS ‑ DETENTION DAMS LESS THAN
7600 mm (25 FT) IN HYDRAULIC HEIGHT, AND IMPOUNDING LESS THAN 61,500
M^3^ (50 ACRE-FEET), AND RETENTION DAMS IMPOUNDING LESS THAN 18,500 M^3^
(15 ACRE‑FEET).

**NOTES TO SPECIFIER:**

A. Options within paragraphs are identified by enclosure in brackets;
blank spaces enclosed by brackets \[\_\_\_\_\_\] provide for information
to be inserted, as appropriate, to individual projects.

B. **TO AVOID CONFLICTING REQUIREMENTS AND COSTLY MISTAKES,** the
specifier must edit (delete, substitute or add to the text). The
remaining paragraphs must be renumbered.

C. DELETE FOR FINAL COPY: Notes to the Specifier, located between lines
of asterisks; all \[brackets\], [underlining]{.underline}, **boldface**,
and *italics*, within the paragraphs; and this page. (Open Reveal Codes
\[alt F3\] to do this accurately.)

D. [To Edit "(Footer B)":]{.underline} (Corel 8). **ENTIRE FOOTER SHOULD
BE BOLDED.** Click in the footer and delete the "Project Name (ftr B)"
text and replace it with the **Name of the Project (upper and lower
case)**. Replace date with current MM/YY (WITHOUT BRACKETS).

E. The Guide Specifications are intended to be continuously reviewed and
revised. User's technical comments are appreciated. Also, other related
or similar specification that are written "from scratch" that could
benefit others, or other questions can be sent to NSTC A/E Group, ST
110, or call (303) 987-6868.

**DRAWING DATA REQUIRED:**

**REVISIONS OF THIS SECTION:**

CSI format, editorial changes: 12/01

Metric: 4/96

Technical Update: 4/96

**SECTION 02334**

**MINOR EARTH DAMS AND PITS**

**[PART 1: GENERAL]{.underline}**

.1 ab**1SUMMARY**

A. ab**Section Includes: Clearing, grubbing, excavation, embankment
development, and core trenching for construction of minor earth dams and
water‑retention pits.**

.2 ab**1DEFINITIONS**

A. ab**Common Excavation: Materials to be removed from excavation. When
ripping is required, the material will also be considered common
excavation.**

B. ab**Rock: Igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rock which cannot be
excavated without blasting. Material which cannot be ripped with a
rear‑mounted, heavy duty, single‑tooth, ripping attachment mounted on a
crawler tractor having a power rating of at least 145 kW (195 net
flywheel hp) shall be considered rock.**

C. ab**Embankment: The earth \[and rock\] fill portions of the dam
structure and includes all types of earth fill and filter materials for
the dam \[and cut‑off trench\], and other specified or directed earth
and rock fills within the limits of the dam \[, excepting those stone
and filter materials used for slope protection, which are described in
Section
\[02[ ]{.underline}[ ]{.underline}[ ]{.underline}[ ]{.underline}[ ]{.underline}\] -
\[[ ]{.underline}\]\].**

D. ab**Compacted Fill: Includes fill, except backfill, deposited in
layers and compacted by rolling or tamping. The types of compacted earth
fill are:**

1\. ab**Impervious fill: for the \[cut‑off trench\], \[horizontal and
inclined impervious blankets\], \[and\] impervious section of the
embankment.**

2\. ab**Pervious fill: forming the upstream and downstream sections of
the embankment.**

3\. ab**Filter drainage layers: forming the horizontal \[and vertical or
inclined\] pervious drainage blankets \[designed to prevent the
detrimental movement of soil particles\].**

4\. ab**Rock Fill: Those portions of the embankment where rock is used
for purposes other than slope protection.**

E. ab**Uncompacted fill: Includes fill, deposited in layers but not
compacted except by the controlled movement of hauling and spreading
equipment.**

F. ab**Backfill: That excavation refill which cannot be placed around or
adjacent to a structure until the structure is completed or until a
specified time interval has elapsed after completion.**

G. ab**Spalls: Stone fragments placed as transition between rock fill
and \[earth fill\] \[filter material\].**

.3 ab**1PROJECT/SITE CONDITIONS**

A. ab**Work Limits: Will be \[staked\] \[and control points
established\] by the Government.**

**\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\***

**WHERE ROADS ARE TO BE USED BY OTHER CONTRACTORS, THE LIMITS OF
RESPONSIBILITY SHOULD BE STATED IN THE SPECIFICATIONS. WHERE PROJECT
OPERATIONS ARE VARIED AND THE USE OF HAUL ROADS BY OTHER CONTRACTORS IS
REQUIRED, THE SPECIFICATIONS SHOULD SO INDICATE. DETAILED REQUIREMENTS
FOR HAUL ROADS SHOULD BE BASED UPON THE ANTICIPATED LENGTH OF TIME THE
ROADS WILL BE IN USE, TRAFFIC LOAD AND PROBABLE TYPES OF
HAULING/COMPACTING EQUIPMENT APPLICABLE TO THE SPECIFIC PROJECT.**

**\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\***

B. ab**Haul Roads: \[Located as indicated on the drawings.\] \[Located
and constructed as approved by the Contracting Officer.\] They shall be
designed to maintain the intended traffic, to be free draining and shall
be maintained in good condition throughout the contract period.**

C. ab**Stockpiling from Approved Borrow Sources: When excavation from
approved borrow sources progresses at a faster rate than placing fill,
stockpile such excavated material at approved locations adjacent to the
work until its use is authorized. No payment will be made for such
stockpiling nor for the reloading and hauling of this material to its
final position in the embankment.**

**[PART 2: PRODUCTS]{.underline}**

.1 ab**2MATERIALS**

A. ab**Classification of soils: ASTM D 2488 and the definitions below.**

B. ab**Borrow: The origin of fill material in no way determines where it
may be used in the embankment. Materials for embankment fills shall be
secured from required excavations and from the borrow areas shown on the
drawings or as indicated by the Contracting Officer. Materials
containing brush, roots, sod or other perishable materials are not
suitable. The suitability of the materials shall be subject to approval
of the Contracting Officer and their disposition in the embankment
approved by the Contracting Officer. Mixing of materials during the
excavating process at the borrow area may be required.**

C. ab**Impervious Fill: Consists of \[clays, silty clays, or clayey
silts\] obtained from the designated borrow areas \[or required
excavation\]. Silts and clays containing sand may be used, if such
materials are sufficiently impermeable and suitable for compacting with
a \[tamping\] \[or\] \[rubber‑tired\] roller.**

D. ab**Filter Drainage Layers: Shall be composed of tough, durable
particles; shall be free from thin, flat and elongated pieces; and shall
contain no organic matter nor soft, friable particles in quantities
considered objectionable by the Contracting Officer. Filter materials
shall consist of sand, gravel, or crushed stone, well graded between the
limits specified below:**

+-----------------------------------------------+
| +-------------------------------------------+ |
| | +---------------------------------------+ | |
| | | +-----------------------------------+ | | |
| | | | +-------------------------------+ | | | |
| | | | | +----------------+            | | | | |
| | | | | | **SIEVE SIZE** |            | | | | |
| | | | | +----------------+            | | | | |
| | | | |                               | | | | |
| | | | | **PERCENT BY WEIGHT PASSING** | | | | |
| | | | +-------------------------------+ | | | |
| | | | |                               | | | | |
| | | | +-------------------------------+ | | | |
| | | |                                   | | | |
| | | | **\[[ ]{.underline}\]**           | | | |
| | | +-----------------------------------+ | | |
| | |                                       | | |
| | | **\[[ ]{.underline}\]**               | | |
| | +---------------------------------------+ | |
| | |                                       | | |
| | +---------------------------------------+ | |
| |                                           | |
| | **\[[ ]{.underline}\]**                   | |
| +-------------------------------------------+ |
|                                               |
| **\[[ ]{.underline}\]**                       |
+-----------------------------------------------+

**The grading within these limits shall not exhibit abrupt changes in
slope denoting skip grading, scalping of certain sizes or other
irregularities which would be detrimental to the proper functioning of
the filter.**

E. ab**Rock Fill: Stone classed as \"rock\" shall be sound; well graded
and free draining. Rock shall be obtained from required excavation \[and
from already existing stockpiles\] \[and from designated quarries\].**

1\. ab**Dump shales unsuitable for use as rock fill, mudstone and other
unsuitable excavated material in designated spoil areas.**

F. ab**Spalls: Obtain from the finer materials resulting from rock
excavation. The spalls shall be free of clay, silt, sand or debris and
shall be composed of durable fragments of stone, well graded in sizes
varying from \[[ ]{.underline}\] to \[[ ]{.underline}\] mm (\[[
]{.underline}\] to \[[ ]{.underline}\] inches). \[Crushed stone of like
sizes and at least equal in quality will be acceptable in lieu of
spalls.\]**

.2 ab2EQUIPMENT

**\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\***

**SPECIFICATIONS SHOULD BE WRITTEN TO ENSURE THAT THE TYPE OF COMPACTION
EQUIPMENT WILL BE USED WHICH, IN THE JUDGMENT OF THE DESIGNER, IS BEST
SUITED TO OBTAIN THE DESIRED COMPACTION OF THE MATERIAL BEING UTILIZED.
A REQUIREMENT SHOULD BE INCLUDED IN THE SPECIFICATIONS FOR THE
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF EACH TYPE OF COMPACTION EQUIPMENT CONFORMING
WITH THE SPECIFICATIONS AND INTENDED FOR USE BY THE CONTRACTOR AT AN
EARLY STAGE OF EMBANKMENT CONSTRUCTION. THIS EQUIPMENT EVALUATION SHOULD
BE ACCOMPLISHED THROUGH ANALYSIS OF TEST FILL AREAS THAT ARE CAREFULLY
CONSTRUCTED UNDER REPRESENTATIVE WORKING CONDITIONS WITH MATERIALS AND
MOISTURE CONTENTS AS SPECIFIED. TEST FILL AREAS MAY EITHER BE SEPARATE
OR PART OF THE PERMANENT WORK.**

**\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\***

A. ab**Towed Tamping Rollers: Two or more non‑vibratory roller drums
mounted side‑by‑side in a suitable frame and towed by either a
crawler‑type or rubber tired tractor having sufficient power to pull the
roller satisfactorily when the drums are fully ballasted. Each drum
shall be free to pivot about an axis parallel to the direction of
travel. Rollers operated in tandem sets shall be controlled in a manner
such that the prints produced by the tamping feet of the tandem units
are staggered. Each drum ballasted with fluid shall be equipped with at
least one pressure‑relief valve and with at least one safety head.
Personnel responsible for opening pressure‑relief valves shall be
periodically instructed to make sure valve openings are free from
plugging to assure that pressure developed in roller drums is released
at each inspection. The bearing surface, tamping foot size, the drum
loading, and the operation of the rollers shall be as required to obtain
the desired compaction. If more than one roller is used on a layer of
fill, rollers so used shall be of the same type and essentially of the
same dimensions. Rollers shall be drawn at a speed not to exceed 5.0
mph. The use of rubber‑tired towing equipment shall be discontinued if
the tires leave ruts that prevent uniform compaction by the tamping
roller, and the substitution of crawler‑type towing equipment may be
required.**

B. ab**Self‑Propelled Tamping Rollers: If use of self‑propelled tamping
rollers causes shearing of the fill, laminations in the fill, or results
in inadequate compaction, such rollers shall be removed from the fill
and appropriate towed tamping rollers shall be used. During rolling
operations, clear the spaces between the tamping feet of materials which
would impair the effectiveness of the tamping roller. The weight of
roller drums during compaction of fill materials shall be maintained
uniform. For self‑propelled rollers with drums capable of being
ballasted with fluid, each drum shall be equipped with at least one
pressure‑relief valve and with at least one safety head. The use of the
compactor shall be discontinued if the tires leave ruts that prevent
uniform compaction by the tamping roller. Substitute appropriate towed
tamping rollers for uniform compaction. When a self‑propelled roller is
provided with a dozer blade, coverages made with the blade in operation
shall not be counted as compaction coverages.**

C. ab**Vibratory Rollers: Vibratory rollers for compacting rock fills,
pervious sand and gravel fills, or filter and transition drainage layers
shall be equipped with a smooth steel compaction drum and shall be
operated at a frequency of vibration during compaction operations
between 1100 and 1500 vpm. Vibratory rollers may be either towed or
self‑propelled and shall have an unsprung drum weight that is a minimum
of 60 percent of the rollers\' static weight. Towed rollers shall have
at least 90 percent of their weight transmitted to the ground through
the compaction drum when the roller is standing in a level position
hitched to the towing vehicle.**

D. ab**Rubber‑Tired Rollers: Shall have a minimum of four wheels
equipped with pneumatic tires. The roller wheels shall be located
abreast and be so designed that each wheel will carry approximately
equal load in traversing uneven ground. The character and efficiency of
this equipment shall be approved by the Contracting Officer.**

E. ab**Power Tampers: Compaction of material, in areas where it is
impractical to use a roller or tractor shall be performed by the use of
approved power tampers.**

**[PART 3: EXECUTION]{.underline}**

.1 ab**3PREPARATION**

A. ab**Clearing and Grubbing: \[Section 02231 ‑ Clearing and Grubbing.\]
\[The surface area to be covered by embankments, surface of borrow areas
and cut spillways shall be thoroughly cleared and stripped of vegetative
matter, brush, trees, stumps, roots, loose rocks, and other
objectionable materials, including sand, gravel, silt, and debris in
channels within the foundation areas.\]**

B. ab**Conservation of Topsoil: Suitable material removed in conjunction
with clearing, grubbing, bank sloping, stripping and borrow area
preparation shall be conserved in neat stockpiles at locations indicated
on the drawings or as designated by the Contracting Officer.**

1\. ab**Depth of Stripping: Shall not exceed 150 mm (6 inches).**

C. ab**Scarification: After excavation or stripping of the embankment
foundation \[and excavation of the cut‑off trench\] to the extent
indicated on the drawings or otherwise required, break down the sides of
stump holes, test pits, and other depressions to flatten out the slopes.
Scarify the sides of the cut to provide bond between the foundation
material and the fill. \[Scarify the slopes and bottom of the cut‑off
trench as indicated by the Contracting Officer.\]**

D. ab**Rock Overhangs: Remove large rock overhangs and protrusions by
the use of pre‑splitting or line drilling techniques in a manner to
minimize damage to the underlying rock, or the spaces beneath overhangs.
Vertical surfaces shall not be more than 1500 mm (5 feet) in height, and
benches of sufficient width shall be provided as necessary so that the
average slope of the rock face is not steeper than 3:1.**

E. ab**Bank Sloping: Trim slopes within the foundation area, including
channel banks to a slope not steeper than 3:1. Remove suitable material
resulting from the bank‑trimming operations and deposit in the
embankment, or stockpile for use in the embankment.**

1\. ab**End and side slopes of the borrow excavation shall be as shown
on the Work Data Sheet. The dimensions of excavation shall be as shown
on the drawings and the Work Data Sheet.**

.2 ab**3INSTALLATION**

A. ab**Embankment: Construct \[downstream from the borrow excavation,\]
as shown on the drawings. Finish slopes of embankments to conform to
lines and grades on the Work Data Sheet. Construct the top of the
embankment level. Ensure that embankment materials are free of sod,
roots, brush, snow, other waste matter and rocks over 200 mm (8 inches)
in diameter. Prepare the foundation for embankment by scarifying.
Scarifying shall consist of ripping to a depth of not less than 150 mm
(6 inches) nor more than 200 mm (8 inches). Scarify furrows a maximum of
900 mm (3 ft) apart and parallel to the axis of the embankment. The
scarified surface shall be compacted with the first layer of
earthfill.**

1\. ab**Place materials deposited by scrapers parallel to the axis of
the embankment in even, continuous, horizontal layers not more than 200
mm (8 inches) in thickness. Maintain the full cross section of the fill
as each successive layer is placed.**

2\. ab**Backfill core trenches, where required, with approved material
excavated from the \[pit,\] \[spillway,\] \[borrow area,\].**

B. ab**Fill Restrictions: Do not place fill on the embankment foundation
until such areas have been inspected and approved.**

1\. ab**Ensure that the gradation and distribution of materials
throughout the compacted earth fill section of the dam is free from
pockets, streaks, and layers of material differing in texture or
gradation from surrounding material of the same class.**

2\. ab**Do not place fill upon a frozen surface, and do not incorporate
snow, ice, or frozen earth into the embankment.**

C. ab**Impervious Fill: Place in the impervious section, \[cut‑off
trench\] \[and impervious blanket\]. Place the more impervious materials
towards the center of the impervious section and the less impervious
materials toward the pervious sections so that a transition in
permeability is effected from the core outward.**

D. ab**Pervious Fill: Place pervious fill above the high water level.
Place the pervious sections of embankment with the less pervious
material near the impervious sections of the embankment and the more
pervious materials near the outer slopes of the embankment.**

E. ab**Filter Drainage Layers: Place \[sand\] \[gravel\] filters in the
embankment in the manner described and to the lines and grades indicated
on the drawings.**

F. ab**Rock Spalls: Place spalls and stones of 300 mm (12 inch) maximum
size on or against the gravel filter \[and on stripped and other areas\]
where indicated.**

G. ab**Rock Fill: Construct the \[upstream\] \[and downstream\] \[and
rock drain\] sections of the embankment of quarry run sizes of durable
rock dumped and bulldozed into place in not greater than \[[
]{.underline}\] mm (\[[ ]{.underline}\]‑foot) lifts to the lines and
grades shown on the drawings or as staked in the field and in such
manner as to produce a well graded mass with the smaller stones adjacent
to \[the filter material\] \[the core section\] and the larger sizes on
the outer slopes of the embankment with no objectionable pockets of
small stones or clusters of larger stones. Supplement the placing by
hand methods to obtain even surfaces on the outside faces. All bridging
in rock fills shall be broken as well as all slabs and slabby rock.
Exercise special care in placing rock fill in all areas within 900 mm (3
feet) of structures to avoid damage to such structures.**

.3 ab**3MOISTURE CONTROL**

A. ab**Impervious Sections: The moisture content after compaction shall
be uniform throughout each layer of impervious materials. Should the
material become too wet to obtain the desired compaction, the rolling on
that section of the embankment shall be delayed until the moisture
content of the material is reduced to an amount within the specified
limits. If the top or contact surfaces of the partial fill section
become too dry to permit suitable bond between these surfaces and the
additional fill, loosen the dried materials by scarifying or discing and
dampen the loosened material to an acceptable moisture content. Compact
this layer to densities comparable to the underlying embankment.**

B. ab**Pervious Section: Wet the pervious material by sprinkling after
spreading on the embankment. \[The moisture content of each layer shall
be maintained at the optimum for compaction during rolling\]. Prewetting
of pervious material at the sources of excavation or borrow will not be
required. Sprinkle with hoses connected to header pipes along the faces
of the embankment, by water trucks with pressure spray bars, or by
another approved method. Connections in the water supply system,
including the hose connections to the header pipes, shall be watertight.
Jets shall not be directed at the embankment with such force that the
finer materials will be washed out.**

C. ab**Topsoil: Topsoil shall not be spread when the ground or topsoil
is frozen, or excessively wet.**

.4 ab**3COMPACTION**

A. ab**Requirements: Obtain compaction by operating compacting
equipment. Compact the earthfill to a minimum density of 95 percent of
the maximum dry density obtained by AASHTO T 99, Method C.**

B. ab**Impervious Fill: After a layer of impervious or random fill
material has been dumped and spread, harrow to break up and blend the
fill materials or harrow to obtain uniform moisture distribution.
Perform harrowing with a heavy disc plow, or other approved harrow, to
the full depth of the layer. If one pass of the harrow does not
accomplish the breaking up and blending of the materials, additional
passes of the harrow may be required, but in no case will more than
three passes of the harrow per layer be required. When the moisture
content and the condition of the layer is satisfactory, the lift shall
be compacted by not less than \[[ ]{.underline}\] complete coverages of
the tampering roller. The use of towed tandem roller drums that are in
true alignment shall not be permitted. Compaction by rubber-tired roller
requires \[[ ]{.underline}\] complete coverages of the rubber‑tired
roller. Portions of the fill which are not accessible to the roller
shall be placed in \[[ ]{.underline}\]
(\[[ ]{.underline}[ ]{.underline}[ ]{.underline}\]‑inch) layers loose
measurement and compacted with power tampers to a degree equal to that
obtained on the other portions of the compacted fill by rolling as
specified. Dumping, spreading, sprinkling, and compacting may be
performed at the same time at different points along a section when
there is sufficient area to permit these operations to proceed
simultaneously.**

C. ab**Pervious Fill: After each layer of pervious material has been
dumped and spread, and the moisture content is as specified, the entire
surface of the layer shall be compacted by not less than \[[
]{.underline}\] complete coverages of \[the rubber‑tired roller\] \[the
vibratory roller\].**

D. ab**Additional Rolling for Compaction: If the desired compaction of a
portion of the embankment is not attained by the minimum number of
coverages specified, additional complete coverages shall be made over
the surface area of such designated portion until the desired compaction
has been obtained.**

E. ab**Rock Fill: After the rock fill has been dumped and spread to \[[
]{.underline}\] mm (\[[ ]{.underline}\] inches) compact the entire
surface of the layer by not less than \[[ ]{.underline}\] complete
coverages of the vibratory roller. A complete coverage shall consist of
the entire coverage of the area with one trip of the equipment
specified. Each trip of the roller shall overlap the adjacent trip not
less than \[[ ]{.underline}\] mm (\[[ ]{.underline}\] feet).**

F. ab**Uncompacted Fill: Place material from required excavations and
from the designated borrow areas in the berms upstream and downstream
from the dam embankment, as indicated on the drawings. Dump the fill and
spread in horizontal layers not to exceed \[[ ]{.underline}\] mm (\[[
]{.underline}\] inches) thick.**

G. ab**Core Trenches: During backfill operations, operate hauling
equipment evenly over the full width of the excavated core trench to
obtain maximum compaction.**

.5 ab**3BACKFILL**

A. ab**Schedule: No backfill or other load shall be placed on or against
concrete surfaces before expiration of the minimum period after placing
the concrete as indicated below:**

1\. ab**Walls and Vertical Faces \[[ ]{.underline}\] days.**

2\. ab**Conduit \[[ ]{.underline}\] days.**

**Before passage of hauling and rolling equipment over the top of the
conduit or other structures, the depth of fill over the concrete shall
be sufficient to permit such passage without inducing harmful stresses
or vibrations in the structures.**

B. ab**Placement: Place backfill in \[[ ]{.underline}\] mm (\[[
]{.underline}\]‑inch) layers and thoroughly compact. Do not operate
rollers within \[[ ]{.underline}\] (\[[ ]{.underline}\] feet) of
structure walls, conduit sides, or conduit top. Within this restricted
area, and other areas where rollers cannot be used, compact the material
by means of power tampers. Fill in back of wing walls shall be kept at
approximately the same elevations as that of the material on the
opposite side of the wall until placement has reached the maximum
elevation of the materials to be placed on the toe of the wall. Keep
drainage openings through walls open.**

.6 ab**3TOPSOIL**

A. ab**Uniformly place the stockpiled topsoil over cut and fill areas
above high-water line. Priority shall be to the top and upstream slopes
of reservoirs, spillways, and borrow pits. Spread the topsoil to depths
as shown on the drawings or designated by the Contracting Officer.**

.7 ab**3REPAIR**

A. ab**Slides: In the event of slides in part of the embankment prior to
final acceptance of the work remove material from the slide area.
Rebuild the embankment. If the slide was caused through the fault of the
Contractor, the removal and disposal of material and the rebuilding of
the embankment shall be performed without cost to the Government;
otherwise this work will be paid for at the applicable contract unit
prices for borrow excavation and compacted fill or backfill.**

.8 ab**3FIELD QUALITY CONTROL**

A. ab**Over-excavation: Additional excavation or backfilling for the
convenience of the Contractor, or because of careless operations, shall
be at the Contractor\'s expense. Use care not to disturb sod or
vegetation in natural spillways or sodded watercourse areas below
excavated spillways.**

**\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\***

**THIS GUIDE SPECIFICATION PROVIDES FOR THE INSTALLATION OF SETTLEMENT
GAGES FOR THE DETERMINATION OF INCREASES IN QUANTITIES OF EMBANKMENT
MATERIALS RESULTING FROM SETTLEMENT DURING CONSTRUCTION AND FOR PAYMENT
TO THE CONTRACTOR FOR SUCH INCREASES IN QUANTITIES. THESE PROVISIONS
WILL BE INCLUDED IN A PROJECT SPECIFICATION WHEN IT IS DETERMINED BY THE
CONTRACTING OFFICER THAT SETTLEMENT IN THE RANGE OF 5 PERCENT OR MORE OF
THE PLANNED EMBANKMENT HEIGHT IS ANTICIPATED OVER A CONSIDERABLE PORTION
OF THE EMBANKMENT FOUNDATION AREA. THEY SHOULD ALSO BE USED WHEN GAGES
ARE NEEDED FOR ENGINEERING CONTROL PURPOSES.**

**\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\***

B. ab**Piezometers: A number of piezometers will be installed on the
embankment foundations by the Government. Fill around these devices
shall be placed and compacted to the density prescribed for the class of
material being placed. Connections and extensions of riser pipes shall
be made with materials furnished by the Government. The elevation of the
top of the riser pipe shall be determined immediately before and
immediately after each extension is added to the pipe. The top of such
pipes shall be kept at least two feet above the embankment surface.
During construction, place a mound of fill around the riser pipes and
compact to the same density and moisture content as the surrounding fill
material. Conduct operations so that the devices will not be damaged.
Place suitable markers and guard posts around the gages for protection.
No separate payment will be made for such protection or for special
measures required in connection with the installation of these devices;
costs shall be included in the contract prices bid for related items of
work.**

C. ab**Settlement Gages: Provide settlement gages for determining
foundation settlement during construction. Type, arrangement and
location of gages shall be as shown on the drawings. The areas in which
adjustment in quantities will be made as a result of foundation
settlement are as indicated on the drawings. The base plate shall be
placed on a level surface of well compacted foundation material.
Determine the elevations of the base plates before placing fill material
and again within 48 hours after completion of the embankment. The
elevation of the stem shall be determined immediately before and
immediately after each extension is added. These elevations will be
verified by the Contracting Officer. Care shall be taken to install the
stem plumb. Extend the stem in increments as the embankment rises but at
no time shall the top of the stem be lower than 600 mm (2 feet) above
the surface of the embankment. Conduct operations so that the gages are
not damaged. Suitable guard posts shall be placed around the gages for
protection. Compact fill around the stem to the same density and
moisture content as the surrounding material. Each settlement gage
damaged or destroyed due to fault or negligence on the part of the
Contractor shall be restored or replaced by the Contractor at no
additional cost to the Government. No additional payment will be made
for compaction of fill around and over the settlement gages or for
interference with the Contractor\'s operations resulting from the
settlement gage installations.**

D. ab**Surface Reference Marks: Provide surface reference marks as shown
on the drawings. Furnish the horizontal and vertical location of each
reference mark with respect to established bench marks at the time of
installation and every \[[ ]{.underline}\] calendar days until
completion of the contract. Conduct operations so that the reference
marks will not be disturbed or damaged. Each reference mark disturbed or
damaged due to negligence on the Contractor\'s part shall be replaced or
repaired and the correct horizontal and vertical locations shall be
furnished at the Contractor\'s expense.**

E. ab**Testing: \[The Government will perform the required testing,
recording, and distributing of the results.\] \[The Government will make
arrangements for a certified independent testing laboratory to perform
the required testing, recording, and distributing of the results.\]
\[Conduct the performance and acceptance tests of the \[[
]{.underline}\].\] \[Furnish necessary equipment, labor, and materials
to conduct the testing.\] \[Conduct testing in the presence of the
Contracting Officer. Notify the Contracting Officer 48 hours before
tests are to be conducted.\] \[Make arrangements for a certified
independent testing laboratory, according to the requirements of Section
01458 - Testing Laboratory Services, to perform the required testing,
recording, and distributing of the results.\]**

**[PART 4: MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT]{.underline}**

.1 ab**4METHOD OF MEASUREMENT**

**\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\***

**WHEN A \"LUMP SUM\" CONTRACT IS USED, DELETE THE TITLE PART 4:
MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT, AND BOTH ARTICLES FROM THIS SECTION.
MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT WILL BE ADDRESSED IN PART 4 OF SECTION 01009 -
GENERAL INFORMATION AND REQUIREMENTS OR SECTION 01010 - SUMMARY OF
WORK.**

**B1 AND B3: DO NOT USE THE CONVERSION FACTOR OF 27 WHEN USING METRIC
UNITS.**

**B2: WHEN NOT A \"LUMP SUM\" CONTRACT, SELECT THE APPLICABLE PHRASES;
USE THE "NO MEASUREMENT" PHRASE WHEN NONE OF THE PAY ITEMS IN THIS
SECTION ARE INCLUDED IN THE BID SCHEDULE.**

**\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\***

A. ab**General: Excavated materials actually placed and accepted will be
paid for as common embankment. Materials from required excavation which
cannot be used for embankment construction will be paid for as common
excavation. Stripping, stockpiling and placement of topsoil will not be
measured for payment.**

B. ab**Units**

1\. ab**\[The work described in ths section will not be measured for
payment.\] \[Work required for embankments is common embankment and will
be measured and paid for by cubic meters (yards) in place, as computed
by the average end area method, of required work completed and accepted
by the Contracting Officer. The formula for the average end area method
is as follows:**

**Volume in cubic meters (yards) = **

{L\~ (A sub 1 \~+\~ A SUB 2)} OVER {\[27\] (2)}

**Where:**

**L = Horizontal distance between cross sections in meters (feet)**

**A = Area of the cross section**

**\[27\] = Conversion factor for cubic feet to cubic yards\]**

**2 = Divisor for average of two areas\]**

2\. ab**Excavation not used in the embankment will be measured and paid
for by cubic meters (yards) in \[its final position\] \[in the space
excavated\] by the average end area method.**

3\. ab**Measurement for payment of water retention pit construction will
be the number of cubic meters (yards) in the space excavated to the
lines and grades specified, or as staked. Excavation for the pit will be
calculated by the prismoidal formula:**

**Volume in cubic meters (yards) = **

{D\~ (A SUB T\~+\~ 4A sub M \~+\~ A SUB B)} OVER {\[27\] (6)}

**Where:**

**D = average depth in mm (feet)**

**A~T~ = Top area in square meters (feet)**

**A~B~ = Bottom area in square meters (feet)**

**A~M~ = the area halfway between A~T~ and A~B~ in square meters (feet)
and is not the average of A~T~ and A~B~ (use end and side slopes to
calculate A~M~)**

**\[27 = Conversion factor for cubic feet to cubic yards\]**

**6 = Constant for prismoidal volume**

4\. ab**Excavation for core trenches and spillways is common excavation
and measurement will be calculated by the average end area method.**

.2 ab**4BASIS OF PAYMENT**

**\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\***

**WHEN NOT A "LUMP SUM" CONTRACT, SELECT APPLICABLE PHRASES, USE THE "NO
DIRECT PAYMENT" PHRASE WHEN NONE OF THE PAY ITEMS IN THIS SECTION IS TO
BE INCLUDED IN THE BID SCHEDULE.**

**WHEN NOT A \"LUMP SUM\" CONTRACT AND PAYMENT IS TO BE MADE UNDER THIS
SECTION, SELECT APPLICABLE PAY ITEMS. DO NOT CHANGE PAY ITEM NUMBER.**

**\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\***

A. ab**Payment: \[No direct payment for the work described under this
section will be made. Consideration for this item shall be included in
the bid price for other items of the Contract.\] \[Prices and payment
will be full compensation for the work described in this section.
Payment will be made under:\]**

**[Pay Item]{.underline} [Pay Unit]{.underline}**

**02334(01) Common Embankment Yard**

**02334(02) Common Embankment Cubic Meter**

**02334(10) Common Excavation Yard**

**02334(11) Common Excavation Cubic Meter**

**02334(20) Water Retention Pit Lump Sum**

**02334(21) Water Retention Pit Yard**

**02334(22) Water Retention Pit Cubic Meter**

**END OF SECTION**

**SECTION 02334**

**DATA WORKSHEET**

**for**

**MINOR EARTH DAMS AND PITS**

**\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\***

**Note: When several dams and pits are included, the tabular format may
be more appropriate.**

**\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\***

1\. ab**Pit depth in mm (ft):**

2\. ab**Pit length in mm (ft) (L):**

3\. ab**Pit width in mm (ft) (W):**

4\. ab**End slope:**

5\. ab**Side slope:**

6\. ab**Embankment shape:**

7\. ab**Distance between pit and berm (A):**

8\. ab**Dam height in mm (ft):**

9\. ab**Crest width:**

10\. ab**Crest length:**

11\. ab**Freeboard:**

12\. ab**Downstream slope (D.S.):**

13\. ab**Upstream slope (U.S.):**

14\. ab**Cut spillway width:**

15\. ab**Cut spillway side slope:**

16\. ab**Cut spillway depth:**

17\. ab**Natural spillway depth:**

18\. ab**Depth of cut-off trench (core):**

19\. ab**Borrow area side slope:**

20\. ab**Borrow area end slope:**