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**[Measurement of Temperature Fluctuations]{.underline}**

**in Marangoni * For title: 14 pt Bold * Convection in a Half-zone**

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Shin NAKAMURA^A^, Taketoshi HIBIYA^A^, Koichi KAKIMOTO^A^,

Nobuyuki IMAISHI^B^, Shin-ichi NISHIZAWA^C^ and Akira HIRATA^C^,

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Temperature fluctuation measurements in a half-zone bridge of molten
silicon are conducted under microgravity on board the TR-IA-4 rocket
launched on 25 Aug. 1995. Two types of temperature fluctuations are
observed during

the melting process of silicon and after the formation of cylindrical
half-zone melt. The former fluctuation with a

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[frequency of about 0.1 Hz has an antiphase correlation of temperatures
measured in thermocouples]{.underline}

[separated by 90-degree azimuthal angles. The latter fluctuation in the
cylindrical liquid bridge has no remarkable frequency; however, it tends
to have the antiphase correlation in between thermocouples with
180-degree]{.underline}

azimuthal angles.

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**[1. Introduction ]{.underline}[]{.underline}[©]{.underline}[
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[ In crystal growth of semiconductors with a free surface such as a
floating zone system, Marangoni (thermocapiLlary) convection has been
thought to play an important role in forming dopant striation in grown
crystals, since the mechanism of the striation formation is related to
the temperature fluctuations due to the convection.]{.underline}

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To clarify the relationship between Marangoni convection and the
striation formation, a silicon crystal

growth in a floating zone system was carried out in microgravity, and
the experiment proved that the existence of time-dependent Marangoni
flow is related to

**[Fig.1]{.underline}**[ Experimental cartridge.]{.underline}

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In this paper, we report on the temperature fluctuation measurements in
the half-zone liquid bridge of molten silicon performed under
microgravity on board the TR-IA-4 rocket launched by the National Space
Development Agency of Japan (NASDA). The purpose of this experiment is
to measure temperature fluctuations and investigate the frequency
characteristics in a liquid bridge of molten silicon in the temperature
condition of crystal the dopant striation^1)^. The critical Marangoni
number for molten Si has been determined to be about 150 to 200, around
which number the flow changes from steady to time-dependent^2)^. Many
other experiments using liquid bridge configuration focusing on
Marangoni convection have been carried out in microgravity condition for
organic liquids and molten salts with high Prandtl numbers^3-5)^.
However, no microgravity experiments using a liquid bridge configuration
of molten semiconductors with low Prandtl numbers have been reported.

**[References]{.underline}**

1\) A. Eyer, H. Leiste and R. Nitsche: Proc. Vth European Symp. on
Materials and Fluid Sciences in Microgravity, ESA SP-

[222 (1990) 173.]{.underline}

2\) [A. Cröll, W. Müller-Sebert and R. Nitsche: Proc.VIIth European
Symp. on Materials and Fluid Sciences in Microgravity, ESA SP-295 (1990)
263.]{.underline}

3\) [Y. Kamotani, S. Ostrach and M. Vergas: J. Crystal Growth,
]{.underline}**[66]{.underline}**[ (1984) 83]{.underline}

4\) [Ch-H. Chun: Proc. Vth European Symp. on Materials and Fluid
Sciences in Microgravity ESA SP-222 (1984) 271.]{.underline}

A Fundamental Research Laboratories, NEC Corporation, 34, Miyukigaoka,
Tsukuba 305, Japan

[B Institute of Advanced Material Study, Kyushu University, 6-1,
Kasuga-koen, Kasuga 816, Japan]{.underline}

[C Department of Chemical Engineering, Waseda University, 4-1, Okubo
3-chome, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169, Japan]{.underline}

***[ ]{.underline}*[]{.underline}[ª]{.underline}*[ Foot note for
affiliation and address: 8 pt ]{.underline}***

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[For further information, do not hesitate contact Dr. T. Hibiya, editor
of the proceedings or Ms. M. Nishino of WORDS.]{.underline}

[Dr.Taketoshi HIBIYA, ]{.underline}

[Research Fellow, R&D Group, NEC Corporation ]{.underline}

[34 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba 305-8501, Japan]{.underline}

[hibiya@sci.cl.nec.co.jp]{.underline}

[TEL +81-298-50-1147, FAX +81-298-56-6136]{.underline}

[Ms. Miwako NISHINO]{.underline}

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