\* \* \* \* \* \* \* \* \* \*

READ AND **REMOVE THIS PAGE** BEFORE PLACING

THE SPECIFICATION SECTION IN THE CONTRACT

\* \* \* \* \* \* \* \* \* \*

[DIVISION 15: MECHANICAL]{.underline}

SECTION 15260 ‑ PIPING INSULATION

USE: Furnishing and installing piping insulation within the building.

**NOTES TO SPECIFIER:**

A. Options within paragraphs are identified by enclosure in brackets;
blank spaces enclosed by brackets \[\_\_\_\_\_\] provide for information
to be inserted, as appropriate, to individual projects.

B. **TO AVOID CONFLICTING REQUIREMENTS AND COSTLY MISTAKES,** the
specifier must edit (delete, substitute or add to the text). The
remaining paragraphs must be renumbered.

C. DELETE FOR FINAL COPY: Notes to the Specifier, located between lines
of asterisks; all \[brackets\], [underlining]{.underline}, **boldface**,
and *italics*, within the paragraphs; and this page. (Open Reveal Codes
\[alt F3\] to do this accurately.)

D. [To Edit "(Footer B)":]{.underline} (Corel 8). **ENTIRE FOOTER SHOULD
BE BOLDED.** Click in the footer and delete the "Project Name (ftr B)"
text and replace it with the **Name of the Project (upper and lower
case)**. Replace date with current MM/YY (WITHOUT BRACKETS).

E. The Guide Specifications are intended to be continuously reviewed and
revised. User's technical comments are appreciated. Also, other related
or similar specification that are written "from scratch" that could
benefit others, or other questions can be sent to NSTC A/E Group, ST
110, or call (303) 987-6868.

**DRAWING DATA REQUIRED:**

**REQUIRED SPEC MODIFICATIONS:**

[GENERAL NOTES]{.underline}

A. Whenever entire articles, paragraphs or subparagraphs are not
applicable, the articles, paragraphs or subparagraphs should be deleted;
when necessary, reletter or renumber articles, paragraphs or
subparagraphs.

B. THIS GUIDE IS NOT INTENDED AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR READING THE ENTIRE
SECTION.

[ TECHNICAL NOTES]{.underline}

A. 1.1A: Select applicable words.

B. 1.1B: Select or add applicable specification sections. Do not list
specification sections from Division 15.

C. 1.2: Select or add applicable references.

D. 1.3A: Select applicable specification section.

E. 1.3B: Insert number of copies of the manufacturer\'s descriptive data
required. Normally 5 copies are required. Distribution after review is
normally 1 copy to the COR, 3 copies to the Contractor, and 1 copy to
the project file.

F. 1.3C: Insert number of copies of shop drawings required. Normally 5
copies are required. Distribution after review is normally 1 copy to the
COR, 3 copies to the Contractor, and 1 copy to the project file.

G. 1.3D: Insert number of copies of Certificates of Conformance
required. Normally 3 copies are required. Distribution after review is
normally 1 copy to the COR, 1 copy to the Contractor, and 1 copy to the
project file.

H. 2.2A2: Select applicable class.

I. 2.2A4: Select applicable class.

J. 2.2A7: Select applicable words.

K. 2.2B2: Select applicable thickness.

L. 2.02B3: Select applicable thickness.

M. 2.2C4: Select applicable words.

N. 2.2D2: Select applicable words.

O. 2.2D3: Select applicable words.

P. 3.2A: Select applicable words.

Q. 3.2B: Select applicable words.

R. 3.2C: Select applicable words.

S. 3.2F: Select applicable words.

T. 3.2J: Edit as appropriate for work being done.

U. 3.2K: Select applicable words.

V. 3.3B1: Select applicable words.

W. 3.3B3: Select applicable words.

X. 3.3D: Select applicable words.

Y. 3.4A: Select applicable specification section.

Z. 4.1 and 4.2: When a \"lump sum\" Contract is used, delete the title
PART 4: MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT, and both articles from this section.
Measurement and payment will be addressed in Part 4 Section 01010
-Summary of Work.

**REVISIONS OF THIS SECTION:**

CSI format, editorial changes: 12/01

Metric:

Technical Update: 12/90

SECTION 15260

PIPING INSULATION

[PART 1: GENERAL]{.underline}

1.1 SUMMARY:

A. Section Includes: \[Furnishing\] \[and\] \[Installing\] insulation
for water piping within the building.

1.2 REFERENCES:

A. American Society for Testing and Materials:

ASTM B 209‑89 Aluminum and Aluminum‑Alloy Sheet and Plate

ASTM C 177‑85 Test Method for Steady‑State Heat Flux Measurements and
Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Guarded Hot Plate, Test
Method

ASTM C 195‑90 Mineral Fiber Thermal Insulating Cement

ASTM C 196‑87 Expanded or Exfoliated Vermiculite Thermal Insulating
Cement

ASTM C 449‑88 Mineral Fiber Hydraulic‑Setting Thermal Insulating and
Finishing Cement

ASTM C 533‑85 Calcium Silicate Block and Pipe Thermal Insulation

ASTM C 547‑77 Mineral Fiber Preformed Pipe Insulation

ASTM C 552‑88 Cellular Glass Thermal Insulation

ASTM C 612-83 Mineral Fiber Block and Board Thermal Insulation

ASTM D 1784‑81 Rigid Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Compounds and
Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds

ASTM D 2310‑80 Machine‑Made Reinforced Thermosetting Resin Pipe

ASTM E 84‑REV A-89 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of
Building Materials

B. Federal Specifications:

Fed. Spec. L‑P‑535E Plastic Sheet (Sheeting): Plastic Strip: Poly (Vinyl
Chloride) and Poly (Vinyl Chloride‑Vinyl Acetate), Rigid

Fed. Spec. HH‑B‑100B Barrier Material Vapor (For Pipe, Duct and
Equipment Thermal, Insulation)

Fed. Spec. HH‑I‑573B Insulation, Thermal, (Flexible Unicellular Sheet &
Int AM 1 and Pipe Covering)

Fed. Spec. HH‑I‑1030B Insulation, Thermal (Mineral Fiber, for Pneumatic
or Poured Application)

C. Manufacturer\'s Standardization Society of the Valves and Fittings
Industry:

MSS-SP 58‑88 Pipe Hangers and Supports ‑ Materials, Design, and
Manufacture

MSS‑SP 69‑83 Pipe Hangers and Supports ‑ Selection and Application

D. Military Specifications:

Mil. Spec. I‑2781E Insulation, Pipe, ThermalInt Am 1

Mil. Spec. A‑3316B Adhesives, Fire‑Resistant, Thermal Insulation & Am 6

Mil. Spec. A‑24179A Adhesive, Flexible Unicellular‑Plastic Thermal& Am
2Insulation

Mil. Spec. B‑19564B Bedding Compound, Thermal Insulation Pipe Covering

Mil. Spec. C‑19565C Coating Compounds, Thermal Insulation Fire‑ and
Water‑Resistant, Vapor Barrier

E. National Fire Protection Association:

NFPA 255‑87 Method of Test of Surface Burning Characteristics of
Building Materials

F. Underwriters\' Laboratories, Inc.:

UL 723‑83 Test for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials

1.3 SUBMITTALS:

A. General: Submittals shall be according to \[Section 01300 ‑
Submittals.\] \[and\] \[Section 01365 - Certificates of Conformance.\]

B. Manufacturer\'s Literature: Submit \[[ ]{.underline}\] copies of the
manufacturer\'s descriptive data for the piping insulation to be used on
this project.

C. Shop Drawings: Submit \[[ ]{.underline}\] copies of shop drawings for
the piping insulation to be used on this project. Shop drawings shall
show thickness of the insulation. \[A bill of materials shall be
furnished with the shop drawings.\] Drawings shall be \[same\]
\[larger\] scale as the full size Contract Drawings.

D. Certificates of Conformance: Submit \[\_\_\_\_\] copies of written
certification from the supplier of the Contractor-furnished piping
insulation to be used on this project that it conforms to the
requirements of this specification section.

1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE:

A. Labeling Requirements: Every package or standard container of
insulation, jackets, cements, adhesives, and coatings for use must have
the manufacturer\'s stamp or label attached giving name of manufacturer,
brand, and description of material. Insulation packages and containers
shall be marked \"asbestos‑free.\"

1.5 PROJECT/SITE CONDITIONS:

A. Field Measurements: Take field measurements to determine section cuts
rather than using measurements taken from drawings.

[PART 2: PRODUCTS]{.underline}

2.1 GENERAL:

A. Fire Resistance: Insulation, adhesives, vapor‑barrier materials, and
other accessories, except as specified herein, shall be noncombustible.
The materials shall not have a flame‑spread rating more than 25 and a
smoke‑developed rating not more than 50 according to NFPA 255, ASTM E
84, or UL 723.

1\. Materials Tests: UL label or satisfactory certified test report from
an approved testing laboratory will be required to indicate that fire
hazard ratings for materials proposed for use do not exceed those
specified. Flame‑proofing treatments subject to deterioration due to
effects of moisture or high humidity are not acceptable.

2\. Material With a Flame‑Spread Rating of 25 or Less but Exempt From
Smoke‑Developed Rating: Flexible unicellular insulation.

2.2 MATERIALS:

A. Piping Insulation:

1\. General: Insulation exterior shall be cleanable, grease‑resistant,
nonflaking and nonpeeling. Pipe insulation shall conform with the
referenced publications and the specified temperature ranges and
densities in pounds per cubic foot (pcf). Insulation for fittings,
flanges, and valves shall be premolded, precut, or job‑fabricated
insulation of the same thickness and conductivity as used on adjacent
piping. Insulation shall be asbestos-free.

2\. Mineral Fiber: Shall be according to ASTM C 547 \[Class 1, (450
degrees F max.)\] \[or\] \[Class 2, (650 degrees F max.)\] \[or\]
\[Class 3, (1200 degrees F max.)\], preformed, \[plain.\] \[jacketed.\]

3\. Phenolic Foam: Essentially chemically neutral phenolic foam (‑40
degrees to +250 degrees F), 3 pcf max.

4\. Cellular Glass: Shall be according to ASTM C 552, Type II (pipe and
tubing) (‑450 degrees to +800 degrees F), \[Class 1 (uncovered)\] \[or\]
\[Class 2 (jacketed)\], 9.5 pcf (avg.) max.

5\. Calcium Silicate: Shall be according to ASTM C 533, Type I (1200
degrees F max.), asbestos free.

6\. Thermal Pipe: Shall be according to Mil. Spec. MIL‑I‑2781 (1200
degrees F max.), asbestos free.

7\. Polyurethane: Shall be limited to installations in outside
locations, buried, or encased in concrete (‑30 degrees to +200 degrees F
max.). Factory‑applied closed‑cell polyurethane (3 pcf min.) for pipe
and fittings with \[PVC\] \[or\] \[glass‑fiber‑reinforced plastic\]
casings. Provide premolded fitting sections, manufacturer\'s recommended
field foam‑in‑place polyurethane kit, or recommended joining materials
for field joints.

8\. Flexible Unicellular: Shall be according to Fed. Spec. HH‑I‑573,
Class T (35 degrees to 140 degrees F), 1/2 inch max.

B. Insulation Jackets:

1\. Vapor‑Barrier Materials: Shall be according to Fed. Spec. HH‑B‑100,
Type I. Materials shall be resistant to flame and moisture penetration
and not support mold growth. Provide vapor‑barrier material on
insulation in exposed locations with a white surface suitable for
painting without sizing.

2\. Aluminum Jackets: Shall be according to ASTM B 209, Temper H14,
\[0.016\] \[0.020\] inch thick, smooth. Do not use on calcium silicate
surfaces or surfaces above 200 degrees F operating temperature.

3\. Stainless Steel Jacket: Shall be Type \[304\] \[316\], \[0.010\]
\[0.016\] inch thick, smooth.

4\. PVC Jackets: Shall be according to Fed. Spec. L‑P‑535, Composition
A, Type II, Grade GU. One‑piece premolded plastic covers for fittings,
flanges, and valves are limited to indoor piping only.

5\. PVC Casings: Shall be limited to installations in outside locations
and buried or encased in concrete. Formulate plastic casings used in
outside locations with a UV inhibitor. Fabricate casings of ASTM D 1784,
Type 12454‑B PVC, 1/8 inch‑thick minimum, factory‑applied over insulated
pipe and fittings.

C. Adhesives, Sealants, and Compounds:

1\. General: Adhesives, sealants, and compounds shall be compatible with
materials to which applied and suitable for the service.

2\. Vapor Barrier and Jacket Adhesive: Shall meet Mil. Spec. A‑3316,
Class 2.

3\. Lagging Adhesive: Shall meet Mil. Spec. A‑3316, Class 1.

4\. Insulation Cement: Shall meet \[ASTM C 195 (100 to 1600 degrees F),
mineral fiber, thermal conductivity 0.85 max. at 200 degrees F mean when
tested per ASTM C 177.\] \[ASTM C 196 (100 to 1800 degrees F) expanded
on exfoliated vermiculite, thermal conductivity 0.95 max. at 200 degrees
F mean when tested per ASTM C 177.\] \[ASTM C 449 (100 to 1200 degrees
F), mineral fiber, thermal conductivity 1.1 maximum at 200 degrees F
mean when tested per ASTM C 177.\]

5\. Bedding Compound and Joint Sealer: Shall meet Mil. Spec. B‑19564.

6\. Vapor Barrier Coating: Shall meet Mil. Spec. C‑19565, Type II
(indoor only above 60 degrees F).

7\. Adhesive for Flexible Unicellular Insulation: Shall meet Mil. Spec.
A‑24179, Type II.

D. Accessories:

1\. Staples: Shall be corrosion‑resistant outside‑clinch type.

2\. Insulation Bands: Shall be 3/4‑inch wide; \[0.021‑inch
galvanized‑steel\] \[or\] \[0.018‑inch stainless‑steel\] \[or\]
\[0.020‑inch aluminum\].

3\. Bands for Metal Jackets: Shall be 3/8‑inch minimum width;
\[0.018‑inch stainless‑steel\] \[or\] \[0.020‑inch aluminum\].

4\. Vapor‑Barrier Material Tape: Shall meet Fed. Spec. HH‑B‑100, Type I,
pressure‑sensitive adhesive backed.

PART 3: EXECUTION

3.1 PREPARATION:

A. Surface Preparation: Do not apply insulation until surfaces to be
covered have been leak tested, have had rust and scale removed, and have
been cleaned, dried, and inspected.

B. Application: Insulation shall be clean and dry when installed and
kept dry during finish application. Wetted insulation will not be
approved for installation. Install materials neatly with smooth and even
surfaces with jackets drawn tight and smoothly cemented down on
longitudinal and end laps. Scrap pieces shall not be used where a
full‑length section will fit. Surface finishes shall be extended to
protect surfaces, ends, and raw edges of insulation. Coatings and
adhesives shall be applied at the manufacturer\'s recommended coverage
per gallon.

3.2 PIPING:

A. General: Insulate piping and fittings with operating temperatures
above 100 degrees F, except flanges, unions, stems and valves. For
operating temperatures above 140 degrees F, insulate flanges, unions,
and valves, except stems and operators. Insulate chilled piping,
fittings, flanges, unions, and valves, except stems and operators, with
operating temperatures below 60 degrees F, including refrigeration
suction lines and chilled waste water lines, including the source trap,
to the vertical waste line. \[Insulate domestic \[and industrial\] cold
water piping, fittings, unions, and valves, except stems and operators,
with operating temperatures below 60 degrees F.\]

B. Pipe Insulation (Except Flexible Unicellular): Install with joints
tightly butted. Overlap longitudinal jacket laps not less than 1‑1/2
inches. Wrap butt joints with 3‑inch wide strips of the same material as
jacket. Cement jacket laps and butt strips with Mil. Spec. A‑3316, Class
2, adhesive or bedding compound and joint sealer per Mil. Spec. B‑19564
for cellular glass and additionally secure with flared staples on 4‑inch
centers outside clinched without complete penetration of insulation. A
factory‑applied self‑sealing system may be used \[without staples unless
fishmouths develop\]. Where vapor barrier jacket on cold or chilled
piping is stapled or punctured, the jacket shall be brush‑coated with
Mil. Spec. C‑19565, Type II, vapor‑barrier coating. Adhesive is not
required on hot piping jackets when staples are used.

C. Flanges, Unions, Valves, and Fittings (Except Flexible Unicellular):
Use premolded, precut, or job‑fabricated insulation of the same
thickness and conductivity as used on adjacent piping. When segments of
insulation are used, provide elbows with not less than three segments.
For other fittings and valves, cut segments to required curvature or use
nesting size sectional insulation. Place and join the segments of the
insulation with Mil. Spec. A‑3316, Class 2, adhesive. After the segments
are in place, apply Mil. Spec. C‑19565, Type II vapor‑barrier coating.
Where unions, flanges, and valves are \[specified\] \[indicated\] not to
be insulated, terminate the covering neatly at the ends with insulation
cement trowelled on a bevel. Apply a Mil. Spec. C‑19565 vapor‑barrier
coating, Type II, to the beveled ends. Cover unions and flanges with
removable sections of insulation vapor‑barrier‑sealed inside and out
with adjacent insulation ends neatly finished and vapor‑barrier‑sealed.

D. Chilled Piping in High Humidity Areas: Only cellular glass insulation
shall be used. Mil. Spec. C‑19565, Type II, vapor‑barrier coating shall
be applied to seal insulation ends and around valves, fittings, flanges,
and unions. Vapor barriers shall be provided in long runs of pipe at
intervals not to exceed 15 feet. Provide vapor‑barrier coatings and
jackets as specified for insulation jackets below 35 degrees F.

E. Flexible Unicellular Insulation: Flexible unicellular insulation
shall not be used in pipe chases and fire walls, nor penetrate fire
walls. Use an adhesive recommended by insulation manufacturer and
conforming with Mil. Spec. A‑24179 and apply according to the
manufacturer\'s published instructions. Bond cuts, butt joints, ends,
and longitudinal joints with adhesive. Miter 90‑degree turns and elbows,
tees, and valve insulation. After adhesive cures, apply 2‑inch wide
pressure‑sensitive adhesive vinyl tape over bonded cuts, joints, and
ends. Secure longitudinal joints with vinyl tape on 9‑inch centers.
Where pipes penetrate fire walls, provide mineral‑fiber insulation
inserts and sheet‑metal sleeves. On chilled and cold piping, vapor‑seal
flexible unicellular insulation to piping. Do not apply unicellular
insulation in multiple layers.

F. Hangers and Anchors: Continue insulation through pipe hangers and
pipe sleeves. Where anchors or hangers are secured to chilled piping to
be insulated, insulate hangers or anchors same as piping for a distance
not less than four times insulation thickness to prevent condensation.
Provide MSS‑SP‑58, Type 40 protection shields per MSS‑SP‑69 and
insulation inserts at hangers where the pipe is supported by insulation.
For pipe 2 inches and larger, provide insulation inserts at least 12
inches long at hangers and supports. Inserts shall be treated wood,
cork, or 9 pcf minimum density mineral fiber per ASTM C 612, Class 2,
for pipe with operating temperature below 60 degrees F. Provide
MSS‑SP‑58, Type 39 protection saddles per MSS‑SP‑69 with insulation
filler for pipe with operating temperatures above 60 degrees F. Saddles
shall have sufficient depth for insulation thickness specified and shall
have an insulation filler of the same material as the adjacent pipe
insulation. \[Saddles for pipe 12 inches and larger shall have center
rib.\] Vapor barrier facing of the insert shall be of the same material
as the facing on the adjacent insulation. Seal insulation inserts into
the insulation with Mil. Spec. C‑19565 vapor‑barrier coating, Type II.
Provide Fed. Spec. HH‑B‑100, Type I, vapor‑barrier over insulation
inserts.

G. Sleeves and Wall Chases: Provide a metal jacket over the insulation
on pipe passing through sleeves where caulking is required. Where
penetrating interior walls, extend the metal jacket 2 inches out on
either side of the wall and secure on each end with a band. Where
penetrating floors, extend the metal jacket from a point below the
back‑up material to a point 10 inches above the floor with one band at
the floor and one not more than one inch from end of metal jacket. Where
plumbing pipes are located in wall chases and space does not permit
installation of sectional insulation, when approved by the Contracting
Officer, pipes may have insulation omitted, if chases are packed full of
Fed. Spec. HH‑I‑1030 mineral fiber, Class A (1 percent or less loss on
ignition), Type I (pneumatically applied) or Type II (poured)
insulation.

H. Piping and Ductwork: Insulate piping and ductwork separately.

I. Fire Protection Piping: Except where indicated, omit insulation on
piping used solely for fire protection.

J. Pipe Insulation Thickness: Insulation thickness shall conform to
Table 1, except for flexible unicellular insulation (1/2‑inch max.).
Provide one inch thicker insulation on above grade piping in outside
locations.

TABLE 1

PIPE INSULATION THICKNESS (Inches Nominal)

Calcium Silicate (CS), cellular glass (CG), flexible unicellular (FU),
polyurethane (PU), mineral fiber (MF), and thermal pipe (TP), phenolic
foam (PF).

TEMPERATURES PIPE DIAMETERS

(degrees F) (inches)

0.25‑1.25 1.5‑3 3.5‑5 6‑10

Minus 30 to Zero

MF, PU & PF 1.5 2 2.5 2.5

CG 2 2.5 3 3

Zero to 34

MF, PU, & PF 1.5 1.5 2 2

CG 2 2 2.5 2.5

35 to 59

MF, PU, & PF 1 1 1.5 1.5

CG 1 1.5 1.5 1.5

FU\* 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

60 to 200

MF, PU, & PF 1 1.5 1.5 2

CG 1.5 1.5 1.5 2

CS & TP 1.5 1.5 1.5 2

FU\* (140 max.) 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

TABLE 1 (Continued)

PIPE INSULATION THICKNESS (Inches Nominal)

Calcium Silicate (CS), cellular glass (CG), flexible unicellular (FU),
polyurethane (PU), mineral fiber (MF), and thermal pipe (TP), phenolic
foam (PF).

TEMPERATURES PIPE DIAMETERS

(degrees F) (inches)

0.25 ‑ 1.25 1.5 ‑ 3 3.5 ‑ 5 6 ‑ 10

201 to 250

MF & PF 2 2 2.5 2.5

CG 2 2.5 3 3.5

CS & TP 2 3 3 3.5

251 to 375

MF 2.5 3 4 4

CG 2.5 3 4 4

CS & TP 2.5 3 4 4

376 to 500

MF 3 3.5 4.5 5

CS & TP 3 3.5 4.5 5

501 to 700

MF 3 3.5 4.5 5

CS & TP 3 3.5 4.5 5

TABLE 1 (Continued)

PIPE INSULATION THICKNESS (Inches Nominal)

Calcium Silicate (CS), cellular glass (CG), flexible unicellular (FU),
polyurethane (PU), mineral fiber (MF), and thermal pipe (TP), phenolic
foam (PF).

TEMPERATURES PIPE DIAMETERS

(degrees F) (inches)

0.25 ‑ 1.25 1.5 ‑ 3 3.5 ‑ 5 6 ‑ 10

701 to 900

MF (850 max.) 3.5 4.5 6 6.5

CS & TP 3.5 4 5 6.5

901 to 1200

CS & TP 4 6 7 8

\*1/2 inch max.

K. Buried Piping Insulation: Insulate buried piping \[200 degrees F or
below\] with factory‑applied \[mineral fiber\] \[calcium silicate,\]
\[cellular glass,\] \[or\] \[polyurethane\] with factory‑applied \[PVC\]
\[or\] \[glass‑fiber‑reinforced plastic\] casing adhered and sealed to
pipe \[and fittings\]. Field‑assembled casing joints and casing to
insulation adhesive and sealing shall be made with
manufacturer‑recommended joining, sealing, and adhesive materials.
Joints in casings shall be sealed weathertight.

L. Expansion Clearances: At points where pipe will move during expansion
and contraction (expansion joints, Z‑bends, expansion loops, and ells),
clearances between the pipe and encased insulation shall be sized to
permit full pipe movement without cracking or damaging insulation and
casing or jacket.

3.3 INSULATION VAPOR BARRIER COVERING OR JACKETS:

A. General: Provide Fed. Spec. HH‑B‑100, Type I, vapor barrier covering
for piping. Vapor barrier surfaces shall be suitable for painting.

B. Piping:

1\. Metal Jackets: Provide metal jackets on piping insulation in outside
locations to include piping exposed in piers, or where otherwise
indicated. Metal jackets shall have side and end laps at least 2 inches
wide with the cut edge of the side lap turned under one inch to provide
a smooth edge. Place laps to shed water. Seal laps on chilled and cold
piping with vapor barrier and weatherproof coating. Secure jackets in
place with \[aluminum\] \[or\] \[stainless steel\] bands on 9‑inch
centers or \[aluminum\] \[or\] \[stainless steel\] screws on 5‑inch
centers. Where pipes penetrate exterior walls, continue the increased
thickness required for piping exposed to weather and the metal jackets
through the sleeve to a point 2 inches beyond the interior surface of
the wall. Do not apply metal jackets to buried or encased in concrete
insulated piping or piping in tunnels.

2\. Flexible Unicellular Insulation: Apply two coats of vinyl lacquer
finish to flexible unicellular insulation in outside locations.
Vapor‑barrier or metal jackets are not required on flexible unicellular
insulation.

3\. PVC or Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic Casings \[With UV Inhibitor\]:
Application as specified in paragraph, Buried Piping Insulation.

C. Fittings, Flanges, and Valves in Indoor Locations:

1\. Below Zero Degrees F: Wrap surfaces with pressure‑sensitive adhesive
vinyl plastic tape with a vapor permeability of not over 0.05 perms.
Tape shall lap 1/2 inch on each wrap and shall extend at least 2 inches
over jacket of adjacent pipe insulation. Apply two coats of
manufacturer\'s recommended vapor‑barrier compound over the tape with
each coat applied to a minimum wet film thickness of 1/16‑inch, and with
a single layer of glass cloth or tape, 20 x 20 mesh, embedded between
two coats.

2\. Zero Degrees to 60 Degrees F: Apply a minimum wet film thickness of
1/16‑inch coating of manufacturer\'s recommended vapor‑barrier compound.
Embed a single layer of cloth or tape, 20 x 20 mesh, into the wet coat.
The fabric shall be drawn smooth and tight with a 2‑inch overlap at all
joints. When the first coat is dry, apply a final coat of vapor‑barrier
1/16‑inch minimum wet film thickness.

3\. Thirty-five Degrees F to 150 Degrees F: PVC covers shall be used
only for piping with line temperatures of plus 35 degrees F and above
and where ambient temperature surrounding the PVC covers will not exceed
150 degrees F. One‑piece premolded PVC fitting and valve covers may be
used in lieu of finishes specified for fittings, flanges, and valves in
indoor locations. Install and seal according to the manufacturer\'s
recommendations.

4\. Above 60 Degrees F: Apply one coat of Mil. Spec. A‑3316, Class 2,
adhesive and embed a single layer of open‑weave glass cloth or tape, 20
x 20 mesh, into the wet adhesive. When dry, apply a second coat of
adhesive.

D. Fittings, Flanges, and Valves in Outside Locations: Finish elbows and
curved piping with factory‑fabricated coverings of metal jackets or
plastic casings with UV inhibitor. Finish tees, flanges, and valves with
coverings of metal jackets or plastic casings with UV inhibitor.
Coverings shall be same thickness and material as jackets or not less
than casing thickness on adjacent piping. Secure seams or ends of
coverings in place with \[stainless steel\] \[aluminum\] bands and seal
with manufacturer\'s recommended weatherproof coating. Finish fittings,
flanges, and valves on cold pipe as required for piping exposed in
buildings prior to any other finish. Protect fittings, flanges, and
valves with a weatherproof coating prior to installation of coverings.

3.4 PAINTING:

A. General: Painting shall be according to \[Section 09910\] ‑ Exterior
Painting.\] \[and\] \[Section 09920 - Interior Painting.\]

[PART 4: MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT]{.underline}

4.1 METHOD OF MEASUREMENT:

A. Units: The work described in this section will not be measured for
payment.

4.2 BASIS OF PAYMENT:

A. Payment: No direct payment for the work described under this section
will be made. The Contractor shall include consideration for this item
in the bid price for other items of the Contract.

END OF SECTION