# Presentation: QC5UKWI3Z6I7H3Z36ZP55J62IGPPEDVU

## Jon A. Souder
Executive Director
www.cooswatershed.org

- Measuring Restoration Outcomes

***The Coos Watershed Association’s Monitoring Strategy***

- Jon A. Souder
- Executive Director
- www.cooswatershed.org

## Features of the Coos Watershed

- Area: 610 Sq. Miles
- Ownership: 75% Private                    15% Federal                      8% State
- Largest Urban Area on the Oregon Coast  (pop. 30,000)
- Largest Estuary on the Oregon Coast (absent Columbia River)
- Largest Oyster Cultivation Industry in Oregon.

- _Aquatic Species of Concern_: Coho Salmon, Chinook Salmon, Chum Salmon, Winter                                               Steelhead, Lamprey, Larval & Juvenile Dungeness  Crab,                                               Larval Rockfish
- _Water Quality Concerns_:       Summer Water Temperatures at Base Flows                                               Heavy Sediment Loads                                               High Bacteria Loads in Bay and Smaller Tributaries

## Coos Watershed Association

**Coos Watershed Association**

**Funding For Watershed Restoration Activities**

## Perspective On Monitoring

**Monitoring is Consistent With Our Mission:**
**      “****To provide a framework to coordinate and implement proven management practices, and **_***test promising new management practices***_**, designed to support environmental integrity and economic stability for communities of the Coos Watershed.”**
**Adaptive Management Approach Based on Walters’ and Holling’s (1990) “*****Large-Scale Management Experiments and Learning by Doing*****.”**

## 3 Foundations of CoosWA Monitoring

**Basic Hydrological/ Meteorological Data**
**Watershed Assessments As Baseline**
**Use of Standard Protocols, Partnerships, and Good Science**

## Basic Data Collection

**Basic Data Collection**
**Meteorological and Hydrological Monitoring**

-    4 Stream Gaging Stations Run to    USGS Standards for Basic Data
-    3 Additional Stream Gaging Stations    Operated Under Contract
-    Only 2 Other Stream Gaging Stations     on South Coast
-     3 Multi-parameter Weather Stations     plus 1 Additional Rain Gage for Basic     Data
-    Stream Gaging Data Submitted to     State Water Records Archive

## Application of Basic Meteorological Data

-      Intense Winter Storms in December and January led to a number of road-related and in-unit landslides, especially on January 10th. Weather station data allowed determination of rainfall intensities and accumulation to evaluate road conditions.

## Application of Basic Hydrological Data

- Rainfall : Runoff : Turbidity Relationships in Marlow Creek

**November 16, 2003**

## Integrated / Tiered Monitoring Approach

***Integrated / Tiered Monitoring Approach***

**Coastal Landscape Scale**

**Program Effectiveness Monitoring**

***Programmatic***

***Geographic***

## Integrated / Tiered Monitoring Approach

***Integrated / Tiered Monitoring Approach***

**Coastal Landscape Scale**

**Program Effectiveness Monitoring**

***Programmatic***

***Geographic***

## Fish Passage Culvert Replacements

**Project Effectiveness Monitoring**
***Fish Passage Culvert Replacements***

- Y – Creek Culvert, Elliott State Forest

## Project Effectiveness MonitoringEffects of  Riparian Restoration on Stream Temperatures

**Willanch Creek – Lonerock Timber Co.**

## Integrated / Tiered Monitoring Approach

**Coastal Landscape Scale**

**Program Effectiveness Monitoring**

***Programmatic***

***Geographic***

**Project Effectiveness Monitoring**

## Integrated / Tiered Monitoring Approach

**Coastal Landscape Scale**

**Program Effectiveness Monitoring**

***Programmatic***

***Geographic***

**Project Effectiveness Monitoring**

## Programmatic Effectiveness Monitoring

**Holistic Approach To Evaluating Specific Restoration Activities:**
**Incorporates Monitoring To Evaluate **_**Implementation**_** Effectiveness**
**Aggregates **_**Project-effectiveness**_** Monitoring For Specific Projects Types**
**Linked With **_**Validation**_** Monitoring To Test Models**
**Applied Program-Effectiveness Monitoring To Four Project Types**:
**Instream Complexity (2001)**
**Riparian Restoration (2005)**
**Road Sediment Reduction (2006)**
**Tide Gate Replacement (on-going)**

## Peer-Reviewed Programmatic Evaluations

***Peer-Reviewed Programmatic Evaluations***

- Available At:
- www.cooswatershed.org

## Program Effectiveness Monitoring - Tool Development

**Program Effectiveness Monitoring - Tool Development**

## Program Effectiveness MonitoringRiparian Restoration

-    10% Sample of plantings      at each site
-     Includes 7 intensively      monitored project sites
-     Database tracks 5,291       tagged trees and shrubs      representing 11 species

- Plant Height by Age

## Program Effectiveness MonitoringRoad Sediment Reduction - “Stormproofing”

-    **Covers 6 past road****       improvement projects**
**    ****34 miles of road****       improvements**
**     ****89 new or upgraded stream****      crossing culverts and 439 ****      new ditch relief culverts**

**Program Objective: Reduce Catastrophic & Chronic ****                                         Sediment Yields from Forest Roads**

## Road Sediment Reduction Program Evaluation Results

_**Implementation Monitoring**_
**Implementation protocol based on ODF Forest  Practices Tech. Note #8 as current Best Management Practice**
***Ex-post***** evaluation of 4 projects based on protocol**
**Finding: On average, contributing ditch lengths were halved.**
**Finding: BMP non-attainment was approximately halved post-project compared to pre-project, but problems remain.**
**Remedial fixes identified for a number sites to improve conditions.**

_**Effectiveness Monitoring**_
**Effectiveness evaluated with X-Drain and Road:WEPP sediment yield models**
**Sediment yields pre- and post-project modeled for 2 sites, one a mid-slope road and one a riparian road**
**Modeled estimates sediment yields reduced between 16% - 20% on the riparian road and between 32% and 45% for the mid-slope road**
**Reviewers concerned about appropriateness of model, suggested also underestimated sediment reductions**

## Program Effectiveness MonitoringRoad Sediment Reduction - Validation

-   **Joint Project Between Weyer-****    haeuser Company & CoosWA**
**  ****Provide a Direct Measurement of****   Sediment Reductions from Road****   Drainage Upgrades**
**  ****Test/Calibrate Sediment Yield****    Models**
**  ****Study Design is Before-After-****    Control-Impact (BACI)**
**  ****Changes in Sediment (TSS) in ****   ditches; Turbidity in Receiving ****   Streams. **
**  ****One year pre-project; 2 years****    post-project.**

## Program Effectiveness MonitoringIn-stream Complexity Program

**Program Effectiveness Monitoring*****In-stream Complexity Program***

**	****Surveyed  5 creeks with in-stream enhancement projects.**

**  ****Large Wood Placements**
**  ****Boulder Weirs**
**  ****Culvert Replacement**

## In-stream Complexity Program Effectiveness Monitoring

_**Data & Protocols**_
**Pre-project Surveys (1993 - 1997)**
**Post-project Surveys (Summer 2000)**
**Survey Protocol: ODF&W Aquatic Habitat Inventory**
**Benchmarks: ODF&W Stream Habitat Benchmarks (1997)**
**Supplemented with ODF&W Spawning Surveys (2000)**

_**BACI Study Design**_
**Reach Delineation**
**Treated (After) vs. **
**Untreated (Quasi-Control)**
** ****Reconfigured Historic Data (Pre-project Surveys)**
**Pretreated (Before) **
** ****Untreated (Before Quasi-****	****	****Control)**
**Post-project AHI and Salmon Spawning  Surveys**

***Program Objective: Improve Spawning and Summer ******                                  Rearing Habitat For Coho Salmon***

## 	Spawning Condition Desirable in all Treated reaches:

- 	Spawning Condition Desirable in all Treated reaches:
- 15-121% increase in riffle gravel.

- Percent gravel in riffles, Marlow Creek study reaches, 1995 and 2000)

**Large Wood Projects: Spawning  Habitat Improvement**

## Tide Gate Program Effectiveness Monitoring

**Tide Gate Program Effectiveness Monitoring**

_**Goals**_**:**
** ****Improve Science in Partnership**
**   ****With OSU – Sea Grant & Others**
** ****Determine Effects of Tide Gates****   in Lowland Streams**
** ****Improve “Fish-friendlier” Tide****    Gate Designs & Operation**

## Integrated / Tiered Monitoring Approach

**Coastal Landscape Scale**

**Program Effectiveness Monitoring**

***Programmatic***

***Geographic***

**Project Effectiveness Monitoring**

## Willanch Creek Monitoring

***Cumulative Impact From Restoration Projects***

_**Willanch Creek Monitoring**_

**Stream Water Temperatures (Hobos)**
**Channel Complexity  (ODFW Aquatic Habitat Inventory)**
**Salmon Spawning Habitat (Gravel Characterization)**
**Adult Salmon Spawning Use (ODFW Protocol)**
**Juvenile Rearing Habitat (ODFW Snorkel Surveys Protocol)**

## Willanch Creek Projects - 1997 to 2004

_***Riparian Planting***_

_***Fish Passage***_

_***Instream Complexity***_

**BEFORE**

**AFTER**

**Willanch Creek Projects - 1997 to 2004**

**Cumulative Project Effectiveness = Restoration Program Effectiveness**

**Intensively Monitored Watersheds**

## Willanch Creek Projects 1997 - 2004

***Riparian***
***Plantings***

***Bridges***

***Road***
***Decommission***

***Off-channel***
***Rearing Pond***

## Integrated / Tiered Monitoring Approach

**Coastal Landscape Scale**

**Program Effectiveness Monitoring**

***Programmatic***

***Geographic***

**Project Effectiveness Monitoring**

## Intensively Monitored Watersheds

***Intensively Monitored Watersheds***

**Candidate Watersheds**

**Components**

-  **Focus On Areas With Con-**** centrations of Restoration**** Projects**
**EMAP-based Sample Design**
**Restoration Trajectory Com-****pared to “Intrinsic Potential”**

## Geographic Program Effectiveness MonitoringIntensively Monitored Watersheds

- Geographic Program Effectiveness Monitoring**Intensively Monitored Watersheds**

**Life Cycle – Larson &****Palouse**

**Salmonid Life Cycle Monitoring Sites**

**Life Cycle –****Winchester Creek**

## Five Needs For Effective 

***Watershed Council Monitoring***

**Data **_**Analyses**_** Procedures (have adequate collection****protocols)**
**Assistance With Sample Design & Statistics**
**Clear -- and Stable -- Monitoring Strategy From ****OWEB and IMST**
**More Effective Partnerships Between Watershed ****Councils & ODFW Research**
**Long-term Funding To Stabilize Programs & Attract****Good Staff**