# Presentation: 856419

## Top Performers in 2006

| CATEGORY | COALITION | AMOUNT |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Total  - GGEs Displaced | St. Paul, MN | 29,103,591 GGEs |
| AFVs - GGEs Displaced | St. Paul, MN | 21,977,490 GGEs |
| HEVs - GGEs Displaced | St. Louis, MO | 1,059,637 GGEs |
| Blends – GGEs Displaced | St. Paul, MN | 7,122,691 GGEs |
| Fuel Economy – GGEs | Iowa | 2,833,692 GGEs |
| Idle Reduction – GGEs | Los Angeles, CA | 5,145,960 GGEs |
| Grants – Funding and Leveraged Funds | New Haven, CT | $20,530,000 |
| Leveraged Funds  | New Haven, CT | $7,430,000 |
| Outreach – Most Persons Reached | Kansas City, KS | 11,056,260 |
| Outreach – Most Activities | Dallas-Fort Worth, TX | 48 |
| Total Stakeholders | Portland, OR | 320 |
| New Stakeholders | Winnipeg, CA | 55 |

## New Technologies

**Ed Wall, Program Manager**
**DOE Vehicle Technologies Program**
**September 25, 2007**

## NEW TECHNOLOGIES

**NEW TECHNOLOGIES**

- The latest on emerging technologies including:
- New light-duty diesel product plans
- Vehicle conversion kits
- Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles
- E85 engine optimization

## Current & Future LD Diesel Vehicle Availability

_**2007 Models**_
- Jeep
*Grand Cherokee CRD*
- Mercedes-Benz
*E320 BLUETEC Sedan*
*GL-Class (320/420) CDI*
*ML320 CDI*
*R320 CDI *
- Volkswagen
*Touareg V10 TDI*

_**Future Models**_
- Jeep
*Grand Cherokee* with new Clean Diesel Engine
- Audi
*2008 Q7 SUV*
- BMW
*2008*
- DaimlerChrysler
*2009 Dodge*
- Ford
*2008 F-Series*
- Honda
*2010 4 cyl. engine*
- Hyundai
- Nissan
*2010 Maxima*
- Volkswagen
*2008 Jetta TDI*

**Notes:**
Light Duty Diesel product plans:
        -  number and types of vehicles coming to US markets soon
        -  timing when the vehicles are likely to show up
        -  How has DOE been involved in this effort 
        -  AFDC will provide an on-line tracking tool to help drivers find urea (similar to the E85 station locator)

## MotorWeek Clip

## Initiate campaign to educate opinion makers and policymakers about the advances in diesel technology and the benefits that advanced diesels can provide for the economy, the environment, and for consumers.
High visibility events that demonstrate technical advances to the public including motorsports campaigns.
e.g., Audi R10 first diesel vehicle wins Le Mans and Sebring, 			(using DOE/Dow DPF). 
Marketing: Promoting diesel sales through advertising and through promotion of alternative fuel strategies that relate to diesels.
Biodiesel projects to address customer interest in renewable fuel capability.
Customer experience: The biggest gains in diesel acceptance will come through successful customer experience as more diesel vehicle models appear in the United States in 2008.
EPA has a website: http://www.clean-diesel.org/ to educate and inform the public about diesel vehicles.

- High visibility events that demonstrate technical advances to the public including motorsports campaigns.
- e.g., Audi R10 first diesel vehicle wins Le Mans and Sebring, 			(using DOE/Dow DPF).
- Marketing: Promoting diesel sales through advertising and through promotion of alternative fuel strategies that relate to diesels.
- Biodiesel projects to address customer interest in renewable fuel capability.
- Customer experience: The biggest gains in diesel acceptance will come through successful customer experience as more diesel vehicle models appear in the United States in 2008.
- EPA has a website: http://www.clean-diesel.org/ to educate and inform the public about diesel vehicles.

**Addressing Diesel’s Image Deficit**

## E85 Engine Optimization Efforts

- Today’s FFVs are closer to “ethanol tolerant” than to “ethanol optimized”
- E85 FFVs have reduced fuel economy using E85 due to lower energy content of the fuel (relative to gasoline)
- Fuel economy penalty can be reduced due to ethanol’s properties (mainly high octane)
- DOE recently made seven awards to develop a production-intended, ethanol optimized engine for FFVs
- Production-intended
- Projects will run approximately 3 years
- Each has at least 50% cost share

## Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle

- Background
- What is a PHEV?  A hybrid vehicle with batteries that can be recharged by connecting a plug to an electrical power source.
- Benefits include: improved fuel economy, electric utility power operating efficiency, and reduced greenhouse gases
- Barriers include battery cost and abuse tolerance, battery life, and uncertain consumer behavior
- DOE Efforts:
- DOE PHEV R&D Plan published
- DOE performing test/evaluation of Li-ion batteries and PHEV conversions
- $28M Li-ion Battery Solicitation issued through USABC
- 5 Power Electronics and Electric Machines projects selected in FY07
- Analytic Studies (Vehicle modeling & simulation; National benefits & impacts)
- DOE continues to coordinate this work with National labs, Federal agencies, electric utilities, and other stakeholders.
- Industry Status:
- No OEM vehicles available today
- No EPA approved plug-in conversions currently available

## Uncertainty with E85 & Plug-In Hybrid conversions
The Department does not support or encourage the use of non-certified conversion kits
An AFV needs to be engineered to be an AFV!!!
Conversions are much more difficult and complex than most people realize
Also, all systems must have EPA certification – and there are no certified FFV or PHEV kits at this time
Despite this, pirate kits are now available over the internet

- The Department does not support or encourage the use of non-certified conversion kits
- An AFV needs to be engineered to be an AFV!!!
- Conversions are much more difficult and complex than most people realize
- Also, all systems must have EPA certification – and there are no certified FFV or PHEV kits at this time
- Despite this, pirate kits are now available over the internet

**Vehicle Conversions**

**Notes:**
After-market Vehicle Conversion Kits (E85 and plug-in hybrids)
        -  all systems must have EPA certification/approval (none available yet)
        -  much more complex and difficult than most people realize
        -  lots of pirate kits available on eBay and elsewhere right now that do not meet Federal regulations

## MotorWeek Clip

## What you can do to help Vehicle Technologies

- We have expanded the range of technologies to be deployed under the Department’s purview
- Includes the traditional petroleum replacement by alternative fuels
- Expanded to include the broad range of efficiency-enhancing technologies within the VT portfolio, e.g.,
- Light-duty diesel: potentially the most effective tool in our arsenal
- Idle Reduction Technologies for heavy-duty
- Advanced Hybrids & Plug-In Hybrids, as they become available
- Combination technologies: Ford Escape FFV Hybrid

## Challenge: Conventional transit buses use too much fuel and are not environmentally friendly - 81,000 buses use 550 million gallons of fuel/year (2004), capital equipment is $3.7 billion
Description: Autokinetics has developed a bus that is 50% lighter but more durable than a conventional bus and is powered by batteries and will achieve a 3X improvement in fuel economy with a 150 mile range
Impact: Significantly reduce fuel consumption for transit agencies while improving reliability and life, and reducing emissions and operating costs.
IP:  Autokinetics holds US patent no. 6,685,254
Status: Looking to build 5 buses for on-road testing with a transit agency and FTA Altoona Test certification.  Will need full-scale structural test for certification.  Eventually will develop and install small diesel engine for a hybrid system to extend range 
Available for commercial licensing by manufacturer
Seeking partner to develop production ready bus 

**Description:** Autokinetics has developed a bus that is 50% lighter but more durable than a conventional bus and is powered by batteries and will achieve a 3X improvement in fuel economy with a 150 mile range
**Impact:** Significantly reduce fuel consumption for transit agencies while improving reliability and life, and reducing emissions and operating costs.
**IP:**  Autokinetics holds US patent no. 6,685,254
**Status:** Looking to build 5 buses for on-road testing with a transit agency and FTA Altoona Test certification.  Will need full-scale structural test for certification.  Eventually will develop and install small diesel engine for a hybrid system to extend range
- Available for commercial licensing by manufacturer
- Seeking partner to develop production ready bus

- Design and fabricate lightweight frame, all electrical components, and use sodium nickel chloride batteries (high energy density, long cycle life, large % discharge) for power.

- 50% lighter, stronger, 3X fuel economy, no emissions

| Bruce | Emmons | Autokinetics |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 248 852-4450  | jbemmons@autokinetics.com  |  |

**UltraLight Electric Transit Bus**

**Notes:**

50 percent lighter than conventional transit bus, stronger and more crash resistant 
 30 percent cheaper to build than conventional transit bus 
 Fully plug-in electric will result in 3X fuel economy as calculated from GREET 
 Range on batteries is 150 miles could be extended by installation of small diesel engine.