BEE-spoke-data/govdocs1-by-extension huggingface dataset:
# Presentation: 336487

## The Aging Workforce:  Implications

**March 6, 2008**

## Projected Number of  Workers Ages 50+: 2007 to 2016

- Source:  U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics projections for the civilian labor force 2007-2016

## Slowing Growth of Labor Force

- Source: Mitra Toossi, “A new look at long-term labor force protections to 2050,” *Monthly Labor Review*, November 2006.

## Employers Already Facing Recruitment and Retention Challenges

*“**Our demographics show that we will lose half of our workforce in the next ten years to retirement, so we continue to motivate our mature workers to remain, add value to our business, and pass on valuable information to new employees.”*
- Deere & Company, an AARP Best Employer
*“**The healthcare industry is a growth industry and is faced daily with the daunting challenge of finding and hiring skilled healthcare professionals from a limited talent pool and then retaining the highly skilled and trained employees.” *
- --Scripps Health, an AARP Best Employer

- Source:  AARP, *Staying Ahead of the Curve 2004:  Employer Best Practices for Mature Workers*

## AARP’s Research:
Expectations of 
Workers Ages 50+

**Expectations of **
**Workers Ages 50+**

## Nearly Half of Workers 50-70 Expect to Work Into Their 70s, 80s, Or As Long as They’re Able

- Source:  *Staying Ahead of the Curve 2003: The AARP Working in Retirement Study*

## Nearly 7 in 10 Plan to Work in Retirement or Never Retire

- Source:  *Staying Ahead of the Curve 2003: The AARP Working in Retirement Study*

## Mature workers seek employers who value employee opinions and offer flexible scheduling and good benefits

- Source:  *Staying Ahead of the Curve 2003: The AARP Working in Retirement Study*

## More than 1 in 3 Expect Retirement Work to be Different

- Source:  *Staying Ahead of the Curve 2003: The AARP Working in Retirement Study*

## 

Implications

**Implications**

## Implications

- Targeted retention and recruiting strategies
- Training to equip workers with skills required to secure and maintain jobs
- Age diversity training for employees and managers
-  Workplace flexibility
-  Benefits as retention tools

## Useful Data

- Benefits
- Time worked
-  Other demographics
-  Training

## 

For more information about AARP’s activities related to the aging workforce:
www.aarp.org/research
www.aarp.org/employerresourcecenter
www.aarp.org/careers

Prepared by 
S. Kathi Brown, Senior Research Advisor, AARP
skbrown@aarp.org

- For more information about AARP’s activities related to the aging workforce:
- _[www.aarp.org/research](http://www.aarp.org/researchwww.aarp.org/careers)_
- _[www.aarp.org/employerresourcecenter](http://www.aarp.org/researchwww.aarp.org/careerswww.aarp.org/employerresourcecenter)_
**www.aarp.org/careers**
- Prepared by
- S. Kathi Brown, Senior Research Advisor, AARP
- skbrown@aarp.org
# Presentation: 390321

**Toward a More Sustainable Kansas City**

**Presented by**
**James Joerke**
**Mid-America Regional Council**

**EPA National Air Quality Conference**
**San Antonio, TX**
**February 8, 2006**

## Overview

- Kansas City Regional Context
- Clean Air Action Plan
- Accomplishments to date
- Challenges
- How is your region becoming more sustainable?

## KC Context

**KC Context**

- Kansas City air quality boundary includes:
- Two states
- Five counties
- 77 municipalities
- 1.5 million people
- 8-hour ozone attainment area (barely)
- Violations likely next 2 – 4 years
- Environmental stewardship historically has not been a high priority

## MARC Air Quality Boundary

**MARC Air Quality Boundary**

## Clean Air Action Plan(www.marc.org/airq/caap.htm)

- Created in 2004; voluntary plan to reduce mobile and stationary source emissions in short-, intermediate- and long-term.
- Developed with input from elected officials, business leaders, environmental groups and other stakeholders
- Four categories of strategies: power plants, diesel engines, public education, and sustainability

## Sustainability

- Land use policies to protect air quality – Smart Growth, TOD
- Tree planting, green space preservation
- Transit improvements

**Notes:**
Mitigate urban heat island effect, add value and improve aesthetics of built environment

## Transit

- Bills introduced in both MO and KS legislatures to create regional “Smart Moves” transit system

## Natural Resource Inventory

## Natural Resources Inventory

## Green Space Preservation

- Aggressive implementation of stream setback ordinances

*Rain garden by Rusty Schmidt, URS*

*Discovery Center Rain Garden*

- 10,000 Raingardens initiative
- Metrogreen regional trails network

## Energy

- 200MW of wind power facilities in development

- KCPL investing in demand mgmt and energy efficiency programs
- Expanded use of E85 motor fuel

## Challenges

- Public perceptions of air quality and other environmental problems
- Parochial v. regional thinking

- Resources for CAAP implementation are becoming more scarce
- Regulatory compliance v. environmental stewardship

## How is your region addressing these issues?Contact:jjoerke@marc.org816-474-4240
# Presentation: 429228

## Public Meeting on the Guidance Document for IVDMIAs 

**Arthur L. Beaudet, M.D. **
**abeaudet@bcm.tmc.edu **
**James R. Lupski, M.D.**
**jlupski@bcm.tmc.edu**

**February 8, 2007**

##  
Points to Consider
on
Proposed Guidance
for
IVDMIAs

**Points to Consider**
**on**
**Proposed Guidance**
**for**
**IVDMIAs**

## Slide 3

## Fluoresence in situ hybridization (FISH)

**Fluoresence in situ hybridization (FISH)**

**Metaphase**

## Interphase FISH duplication

**Interphase FISH duplication**

## Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization (Array CGH)

**Chromosomal Microarray Analysis (CMA)**

## CMA Methodology

**CMA Methodology**

## CMA Methodology

**CMA Methodology**

## Normal female  vs    normal male

**X **

**Y **

**Raw**

**Normalized**

**Combined**

**Gain**

**Loss**

**-1           0         + 1**

**-1           0         + 1**

**-1           0         + 1**

**Normal female  vs    normal male**

**1**

**2**

**3**

**4**

**5**

**6**

**7**

**8**

**9**

**10**

**11**

**12**

**13**

**14**

**15**

**16**

**17**

**18**

**19**

**20**

**22**

**21**

## Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome)

**Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome)**

**Karyotype**

## Case 2:   Previous result : 46,XX (at birth)

**At two months of age**
**Facial dysmorphism**
**Bilateral cleft lip and palate**
**Growth parameters <5****th**** percentile**
**Congenital heart disease**
**AV canal type VSD and a small ASD**

## Deletion chromosome 1p (short arm)

**Gain**

**Loss**

**FISH**

**Deletion chromosome 1p (short arm)**

**Notes:**
KCL91468

## PLATFORM EQUIVALENCY

**Many different platforms can provide equivalent data regarding gain or loss of copy number (BAC, oligonucleotide, or bead arrays).**
**Results can be specified for genomic segments tested using nucleotide designations for human genome.**

## BAC array

**BAC array**

**Gain**

**Loss**

**Oligonucleotide array              **

**Gain**

**Loss**

**                ****Raw                   Dye reversal smoothed**

## Array CGH Advantages

**Detects many abnormalities missed by karyotype.**
**Many absolutely undetectable**
**High variability in karyotype quality.**
**Equivalent to hundreds or thousands of FISH tests at low cost.**
**Particularly good for duplications.**

## Suggested array CGH Guidance

**Analogy to imaging devices (e.g., MRI of brain or mammography); all platforms equivalent.**
**Four components**
**Raw image data.**
**Algorithm to process data.**
**Interpretation by board certified laboratorian for result; regions with gain or loss and associated possible phenotypes (like radiologist).**
**Clinician integrates result in clinical context.**

## Array CGH as a general test of genome copy number

**We believe that array CGH is the biggest advance in genetic diagnosis in decades.**
**We believe that array CGH should replace karyotype as the primary cytogenetic test.**
**Delay is depriving families of valuable diagnostic and counseling information.**
**Array CGH can be less costly than karyotype.**
**Array CGH is applicable to prenatal diagnosis.**

## END

**abeaudet@bcm.tmc.edu**
# Presentation: 160879

## Antitrust for IP Lawyers:  Mergers

- Willard K. Tom

- Morgan, Lewis & Bockius, LLP

## A Few Points to Bear in Mind About Mergers

- About 99% of mergers go through unchallenged.
- Many of the others can be restructured to solve the competitive problem.
- Most of the problems come about when one firm acquires a direct horizontal competitor in a concentrated market.

## The Simplest Case

- Acquisition of a direct horizontal competitor
- How much other competition is there?
- How easy is it to enter?
- Are there merger-specific efficiencies?

## Acquisitions of Patents

- Can be the equivalent of acquisition of a firm or its key assets.

## Exclusive Licenses of Patents

- Substantively, can be analyzed as a merger
- May also be reportable under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Act
- Valuation issues can be tricky.
- Milestone payments
- Per-unit royalties
- Can discount for probability of occurrence
- Cannot discount for time value of money

## Acquisitions Where Products Have Not Yet Been Commercialized

- SCM v. Xerox
- Pharmaceutical pipeline mergers

## Bottleneck in a Complement

- CIBA

- SANDOZ

## Innovation Markets

- Tempest in a teapot
- Only where specialized assets or characteristics are scarce

## Intellectual Property as a Defense in Mergers Involving Tangible Assets

## When is a Horizontal Merger Non-horizontal?

- MILLER

- VULCAN

- CHEVRON

## When is a Horizontal Merger Non-horizontal?

- MILLER

- VULCAN

- CHEVRON

## When is a Horizontal Merger Non-horizontal?

- GEMSTAR

- TV GUIDE
# Presentation: 664051

## 2003 FEDERAL RADIONAVIGATION USER CONFERENCE

- May 19, 2003
- Washington, DC

## FRP User Conference Agenda

- May 19, 2003
- FAA HQ – Bessie Coleman Conference Center
- 1:00-1:10		Opening Remarks - Michael Shaw
- 1:10-1:30		FRP Process
- 1:30-1:45		GPS Status
- 1:45-2:00	 	WAAS
- 2:00-2:15		LAAS
- 2:15-2:30		NDGPS
- 2:30-2:45		Break
- 2:45-3:00		Loran
- 3:00-3:15		FAA Transition Strategy
- 3:15-4:15		Panel Session / Public Comment
- 4:15-4:30		Closing Remarks

## Audience Participation

- This is Your Meeting – Participate!
- Try to Limit Questions During the Panelist Briefings
- When Invited to Speak       
- Use the microphone
- Give Name, Affiliation
- Indicate Whether You Have a Question or Comment
- FOCUS ON KEY POINTS, BE BRIEF

## FRP User Conference Agenda

- June 24, 2003 Albuquerque, NM
- ION Conference – Hyatt Regency Hotel
- 8:30-8:45		Opening Remarks - Michael Shaw
- 8:45:9:00		FRP Process
- 9:00-9:15		GPS Status
- 9:15-9:30	 	WAAS
- 9:30-9:45		LAAS
- 9:45-10:00		NDGPS
- 10:00-10:30	Break
- 10:30-10:45	Loran
- 10:45-11:00	FAA Transition Strategy
- 11:00-12:00	Panel Session / Public Comment
# Presentation: 691385

## Effect of Inhalation Rate on Insulin AUC and Cmax

| Study | Target Inhalation Rate (L/min) | Actual Inhalation Rate (L/min) | AUC* | Cmax* |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 217-011 | 10 | 14.5 |  ~40% |  ~50% |
|  | 25 (Standard) | 29.3 | - | - |
|  | >35 | 40.3 |  ~20% |  ~4% |
| 217-019 | 10 | 8.8 |  ~2% |  ~4% |
|  | 25 (Standard) | 14.1 | - | - |

**Slower inhalation rates tend to increase AUC and Cmax while faster inhalation rates decrease AUC and Cmax**

***Relative to Standard Inhalation Rate (~25 L/min)**

**CP57**

## Mean of Replicate AUC0-600 by Subject  (Study A2171012)

**Mean of Replicate ****AUC****0-600**** by Subject****  ****(Study A2171012)**

**CP124**

## Insulin Pulmonary Inhaler

**CP166**
# Presentation: 342171

**NAV STAR 1.0**

**SATCOM FOR PILOTS AND ATC**

## Background

**Original system developed by Montreal ACC to determine NAT track loading, based on proposed flight plan info.**
**System evolved to include SATCOM, again based on proposed flight plan info.**
**The acronym NAV STAR stands for ****NAV**** CANADA ****S****atellite ****T****erminal for ****A****TC ****R****elays**

## Key features

**Stand alone system, not hooked up to any network.**
**Simple PC or LAPTOP required**
**NAV STAR « listens » on AFTN (RJ45 network cable), and retrieves data regarding A/C IDENT and tail #**
**INMARSAT database (tail # and corresponding phone #) is uploaded in NAV STAR**
**NAV STAR does the « dialing » if a match is found**

## Security issues

- PIN is required to dial up
- Call is made to INMARSAT first;INMARSAT will not uplink the call unless the caller ID is an approved one

## The process

- ATC asks NAV STAR if a match is available

## The process

- If a match is found, the following will appear

## The process

- Automatic dialing will take place when clicking this button (try it!)

## If no match is found...
# Presentation: 787282

## Converting LC data to MAVIS	

- “One down, 899,999 to go”

## MAVIS Conversion Strategies	

- One-time conversion (nearly one million titles)
- Gateway for current records passing between ILS and MAVIS

## Legacy data sources		

- LC ILS (MARC records)
- Sound recordings and moving images (500,000?)
- SONIC (Cuadra STAR)
- 400,000 sound recordings
- Convert to MARC first?
- PC databases (Access, dBASE, Filemaker, mySQL)
- Card Catalog (manual entry into MAVIS)
- 100,000? Moving images

## MARC vs MAVIS data model

- MARC is top-heavy in intellectual data
- MAVIS is bottom-heavy in technical data
- MAVIS links to authorities
- MARC includes names, subjects, etc. in-line

## MAVIS XML import options	

- One at a time or multiples
- One big file or split into different business objects – Titles, Roles, Component/Carrier
- Need to add any names, subjects, codes, etc. before loading records that refer to them

## Example Import Files

- 78’s from dBASE IV
- MARC from file or live from ILS
- PBS database now in mySQL
- Coca-Cola TV ads

## XML Import Challenges	

- Programming by target
- Syntax is difficult, to say the least
- Still fairly buggy
- Physical info from MARC doesn’t parse well
- Conversion in batches by format (lots of boilerplate)
- How to import related titles, segments, etc.?

## Batch import/export specification	

- Will eventually allow for export via query
- Could be the means for sharing records with ILS
- Scheduled imports important
- Improved error reporting
# Presentation: 323587

## Name: Jacqueline Jones & Linda DunbarTitle: Branch Chief & Lead Contracting OfficerAgency:  GSA, FAS, Management Services Center

- Date  November 29, 2006

## Consolidated Schedule

- Contract Maintenance
- Key Contacts
- Contracting Officer (PCO)
- Administrative Contracting Officer (ACO)
- Industrial Operations Analyst (IOA)
- Roles and Responsibilities

## Modification Requests

- Additional SINs (Past Performance Summaries, Price Proposal and CSP information)
- Price Changes - Economic Price Adjustment
- Clause 552.216-70 based on a CPL
- Clause I-FSS-969   based on other than CPL

**Modification Requests**

## Documentation Requirements for EPAs

- Contracts based on 552.216-70
- Current Commercial Price List
- Updated Commercial Sales Practices Format
- Proposed Rates to GSA
- Identify % increase and new discount %
- Provide supporting sales documentation on increased rates

## Documentation requirements for EPAs

- Contracts based on Clause I-FSS-969
- Other than a commercial price list
- Submit request and supporting information that substantiates market rate increase
- Submit updated Commercial Sales Practices format
- Fixed escalations – No action required

## Contract Option Periods

- What to expect
- Notice of Intent
- Submit CSP format
- Update ORCA - sign & return re-rep mod
- Return MFC modification (if changed)
- Submit subcontracting plan for option period (if large business)

## Systems Maintenance 

- Requirements:
- GSA Advantage (http://vsc.gsa.gov)
- CCR   (www.ccr.gov)
- ORCA (http://orca.bpn.gov)
- ESRS (Large Businesses) (www.esrs.gov)

## Significant Events 

- Lead Center reassignments
- Mass Modifications coming in 2007
- Contracting Officer reassignments
- Single SIN contracts ending in 2007
- Solicitation refresh coming soon
# Presentation: 144505

## cDNA Labeling Strategies 

- cDNA Labeling Strategies

**Direct incorporaton of fluorescent nucleotides**

**2-step labeling method**

- Investigators who use the 2-step method report that it reduces the bias associated with uneven dye incorporation.

## mRNA Amplification and Labeling

- 5’

- T T T T- T7

- A A A A 3’

- 5’

- T T T T- T7

- A A A A 3’

- Oligo(dT) primer

- 1st Strand cDNA synthesis

- 5’

- T T T T- T7

- A A A A 3’

- 2nd Strand cDNA synthesis

- cDNA purification

*in vitro* transcription

- antisense RNA (aRNA)

- UUUU 5’

- UUUU 5’

- UUUU 5’

- UUUU 5’

- + amino allyl UTP

- aRNA purification

- monoreactive Cy3 or Cy5

- Clean up labeled aRNA pool

- Combine Cy3 and Cy5 samples

- Hybridize to the microarray

- UUUU 5’

- Typical yields are 20g amplified aRNA from 1-2 g of total RNA.  This is equivalent to a 200-500-fold amplification of mRNA.
# Presentation: 340320

## MORBIDITY CODING TRAINING AND CERTIFICATION

- Chris Sweeting
- Amy Blum

## Initial work:

- Create a questionnaire? Send to which countries?
- Write mission statement?
- Update existing core curriculum for morbidity?
- Trainer application for morbidity has been modified in line with underlying cause & is currently under review

## MORBIDITY CODING PROCESS IN VARIOUS COUNTRIES

- U.S.- Kathy Giannangelo/Margaret Skurka
- U.K.- Chris Sweeting
- Germany – Stefanie Weber
- Korea- Joon Hong
- Australia- Sue Walker/Megan Cumerlato
- Japan –Yukiko Yokobori
- Brazil- Cassia Maria Buchalla
- Canada – Patricia Wood
- Scandinavia – Olafr Steinum
- South Africa – Debbie Bradshaw/Elaine Sauls

## UK model of certifying morbidity coders

- Recommendation is to apply for UK National Clinical Coding Qualification (NCCQ) with at least two years experience of coding
- Self-Directed study guidelines available
- Examination workshops available with ‘mock exam’ component
- Two 3 hour papers – Theory includes A&P, Medical Terminology
- Practical includes ‘quick-fire questions as well as case-studies
- Pass mark deliberately kept high – 90% for practical & 60% for theory – both papers to be passed at same time for accreditation

## Questions for Education Committee

- Shall we wait for the work of the MbRG before proceeding?
- Shall procedures be included in certifying process?
- Shall only ICD-10, and no clinical modification be used?
- How will the test be administered?
# Presentation: 448069

## STEO Performance Indicators: Forecast Errors EIA/Office of Energy Markets and End Use Meeting of the American Statistical Association (ASA)Committee on Energy Statistics with theEnergy Information Administration (EIA)October 20 and 21, 2005Washington, D.C.

## Organization

- Recap from April 2005
- Progress since April
- Preliminary estimates
- Next steps

## Recap: April 2005 ASA Meeting

- Discussed necessity for developing diagnostic tools for gauging forecast accuracy for selected variables.
- Discussed how information might be used internally – troubleshoot data problems; improve model; maintain confidence in EIA.
- Discussed how might EIA share the results with customers.

## Initial Analysis: Features/Caveats

- Ex-post analysis.  Examine how well projections compare to the data (and we do not take into account data revisions).
- Analysis starts in 2003 (could go longer on some variables).
- All analysis is focused on 1-month, 6-month and 12-month forward errors.

## Statistics 

***Mean absolute error:****  D*ifference between actual and projected values in natural units (i.e. dollars per barrel for WTI etc.)
***Mean absolute error*****:** Mean error in absolute terms.
***Bias:**** *(Mean Percent Error /MAPE)*100.  Summarizes percent of the time the error is > or < 0.
***F-Statistic*****:**  Measures statistical significance between. actual data and predicted data.

## Initial Observations

- Petroleum and product prices are the most difficult to difficult to produce accurately. Exhibit much more volatility due to international factors.
- Errors for U.S. production, consumption, and demand estimates are usually smaller - reflect more predictable economic growth, variations in weather, less subject to random international events.

## Forecast Evaluation - Prices

## WTI Crude Oil Price

## Gasoline Prices (Retail)

## Heating Oil Prices (Residential)

## Wellhead Natural Gas Prices

## Forecast Evaluation - Demand

## Total Petroleum Demand

## Total Natural Gas Demand

## Total Electricity Demand

## Next Steps

- Continue analysis:
- Add or substitute other statistics?
- Concentrate on subset of variables
- How good is good enough?
- Focus on areas of significant error
- Consider options to reduce uncertainty
- Publish error analysis
# Presentation: 726852

## STDs in Women and InfantsSexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance 2002

- Division of STD Prevention

## Chlamydia — Rates for women by state: United States and outlying areas, 2002

- Note: The total rate of chlamydia for women in the United States and outlying areas (Guam, Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands) was 451.1 per 100,000 female population.

## Gonorrhea — Rates for women by state: United States and outlying areas, 2002

- Note: The total rate of gonorrhea for women in the United States and outlying areas (Guam, Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands) was 123.7 per 100,000 female population.

## Primary and secondary syphilis — Rates for women by state: United States and outlying areas, 2002

- Note: The total rate of primary and secondary syphilis for women in the United States and outlying areas (Guam, Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands) was 1.2 per 100,000 female population.

## Congenital syphilis — Rates for infants <1 year of age by state: United States and outlying areas, 2002

- Note: The total rate of congenital syphilis for infants <1 year of age for the United States and outlying areas (Guam, Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands) was 10.6 per 100,000 live births. The Healthy People 2010 objective is 1.0 case per 100,000 live births.

## Congenital syphilis — Cases by prenatal care utilization: United States, 1995-2002

## Chlamydia — Positivity among 15-24 year old women tested in prenatal clinics by state: United States and outlying areas, 2002

- *States not reporting chlamydia positivity data in prenatal clinics.
- Note: States reported chlamydia positivity data on at least 100 women aged 15-24 years during 2002.
- SOURCE: Regional Infertility Prevention Projects; Office of Population Affairs; Local and State STD Control Programs; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

## Gonorrhea — Positivity among 15-24 year old women tested in prenatal clinics by state: United States and outlying areas, 2002

- *States not reporting gonorrhea positivity data in prenatal clinics.
- Note: States reported gonorrhea positivity data on at least 100 women aged 15-24 years during 2002.
- SOURCE: Regional Infertility Prevention Projects; Office of Population Affairs; Local and State STD Control Programs; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

## Ectopic pregnancy — Hospitalizations of women 15-44 years of age: United States, 1980-2001

- Note: Some variations in 1981 and 1988 numbers may be due to changes in sampling procedures. The relative standard error for these estimates ranges from 8% to 11%.
- SOURCE: National Hospital Discharge Survey (National Center for Health Statistics, CDC)

## Pelvic inflammatory disease — Hospitalizations of women 15-44 years of age: United States, 1980–2001

- Note: The relative standard error for the estimates of the overall total number of PID cases range from 6% to 15%.
- SOURCE: National Hospital Discharge Survey (National Center for Health Statistics, CDC)

## Pelvic inflammatory disease — Initial visits to physicians’ offices by women 15-44 years of age: United States, 1980–2002 

- SOURCE: National Disease and Therapeutic Index (IMS America, Ltd.)
# Presentation: 106482

## One Small Step for Man...

## Who is going? 

- GROUP:
- BASIC PARAMETERS

- _Who is going?_
- What are their assignments?
- _How much space do they need?_
- Living quarters.
- Working space.

## WHO IS GOING?

**WHO IS GOING?**

## A SCIENTIST is needed to study the moon and help to determine whether humans can sustain life there.  They would do this by performing experiments on the atmosphere, soil content, and other aspects of the moon.  The Scientist should also be able to assist the doctor when needed. 

- A_* SCIENTIST*_ is needed to study the moon and help to determine whether humans can sustain life there.  They would do this by performing experiments on the atmosphere, soil content, and other aspects of the moon.  The Scientist should also be able to assist the doctor when needed.

- An _*ASTRONAUT*_ is needed to make sure that everybody gets to the moon safely and helps them to survive in the moon’s harsh conditions. The Astronaut should also be able to double as a Technician when needed.

- A _*DOCTOR*_ is needed to keep everybody healthy and prolong the stay on the moon. The Doctor should also be able to assist the Scientist when needed.

- A _*TECHNICIAN*_ is needed to make sure that all of the computers and other devices work properly.  Most important is any type of communication.  It is extremely important to stay in contact with Earth. The Technician should also be able to double as an Astronaut when needed.

## HOW MUCH SPACE DO THEY NEED?

**HOW MUCH SPACE DO THEY NEED?**

## LIVING QUARTERS: 

- Each person would have 150 square feet of space for non-work activities. This would include eating, sleeping, and any down time. Altogether that would equal 600 square feet of living space for the four companions. This is about the same size as two very small rooms or one medium size room in an average apartment. However, this would make it easier to keep it warm and would not require as much oxygen as a larger room.

**WORKING SPACE:**
- The amount of working space would vary based on the equipment needed to run the experiments, create oxygen, run a small first aid station or small hospital, a waste management system and house supplies needed to survive. This can range from around 2,000 to 3,000 square feet or more.

**TOTAL SQUARE FEET:**
- The total “space” needed is about 3,600 square feet.

## ...One giant leap for mankind.

- ...One giant leap for mankind.

## Presentation By: 

- James

- Abbey

- Hannah

- John
# Presentation: 725374

## Crawl Spaces and BasementsWorking Group Session

- Molly Dwyer, US Department of Energy Western Regional Office
- John Devine, US Department of Energy Midwest Regional Office

## Crawl Space/Basements Top 5 Issues

- Moisture
- Mold
- Capillary
- Bulk Water
- Lack of Vents
- Diffusion
- Rim Joists
- Insulation Techniques

## Consistent Compliance and Enforcement
Nationally
State to State
Local Jurisdiction
Code Allowance of Un-insulated and Conditioned Basements

- Nationally
- State to State
- Local Jurisdiction
- Code Allowance of Un-insulated and Conditioned Basements

**Crawl Space/Basements Top 5 Issues*****(cont’d)***

## Interior versus Exterior Insulation
R.5/R.10/R.?
Interior Insulation
Durability
Moisture
Homeowner Sabotage

- R.5/R.10/R.?
- Interior Insulation
- Durability
- Moisture
- Homeowner Sabotage

**Crawl Space/Basements Top 5 Issues*****(cont’d)***

## Potential Solutions

- Research
- Vented versus Un-vented
- Various Mechanical Systems
- Climate Effects
- Soil Types
- Vapor Retarders
- No Trade Offs
- Minimum U-Values

## Education
Code Officials
Builders
Subs

	Also include Building Science in Addition to Code Requirements.
	Do it Before a Mandated Enforcement Date.

- Code Officials
- Builders
- Subs
- 	*Also include Building Science in Addition to Code Requirements.*
*	**Do it Before a Mandated Enforcement Date.*

**Potential Solutions *****(cont’d)***
# Presentation: 535873

## FDA Perspective on Review of Innovative Systems for Drug Delivery

- Perspective from CDER’s Division of Reproductive and Urologic Drug Products (DRUDP)

## Experience and Lessons Learned from Contraceptive and other Drug /Device Therapeutic Systems

- Dan Shames MD
- Director,
- FDA/CDER/DRUDP

## Innovative Drug/Device Systems for Contraception

**Norplant I,II, Jadelle (1990, 96, 01)**
- six and two rod systems
- systemic levonorgestrel (LNG)
- 5 year efficacy
- 1000+ women-years preapproval experience
- interactions mostly with CDER technical experts (chemists, clinical pharmacology, toxicology, microbiology)

## Innovative Drug/Device Systems for Contraception

**Lunelle (2000)**
- Injectable E + P, systemic
- Prefilled syringe or vial: both single dose only
- Every month
- 1000+ women-years preapproval experience
- interactions mostly with CDER technical experts

## Innovative Drug/Device Systems for Contraception

**Mirena (2000)**
- Intrauterine System
- releases LNG locally
- 5 year efficacy
- 1000+ women-year preapproval experience
- interactions with CDRH and CDER technical experts

## Innovative Drug/Device Systems for Contraception

**Nuvaring (2001)**
- intravaginal ring
- E+P systemically
- insert for 21; remove for 7 days
- 1000+ women-year preapproval experience
- interactions mostly with CDER technical experts

## Innovative Drug/Device Systems for Contraception

**Ortho-Evra (2001)**
- transdermal system
- E+P systemic
- apply every 7 days (3 out of 4 weeks)
- 1000+ women-year preapproval experience
- interactions mostly with CDER technical experts

## Lessons Learned by DRUDP

**The Good News (mostly it goes well)**
- we can work with device technical experts (from CDER and CDRH) in a productive and efficient manner to review innovative drug delivery systems
- there were few clinical trial design conflicts when sponsor met CDER standards for evidence
- development went well when sponsor knew of CDER’s evidence requirements “a priori”

## Lessons Learned by DRUDP

**The Other News (when it doesn’t go well)**
- sometimes the systems are really “out of the box”
- who is “in charge” CDRH versus CDER (turf ?)
- Culture Clashes
- the pointy headed bureaucrats whose main goal is to keep things off the market because they have no regard for the entrepreneurial spirit and “good ole American ingenuity” **versus **
-  those people who will approve anything that doesn’t blow up when they plug it in, regardless of consequence to patient safety

## Lessons Learned by DRUDP

**Culture Clashes (continued)**
- the engineers versus the doctors
- reasonable versus substantial evidence
- big Pharma versus small firms

## Lessons Learned by DRUDP

**Good News Again (the future)**
- Office of Combination Products is helping to “bridge the gap” and improve the processes
- improved understanding between CDER, CDRH reviewers regarding the processes and regulations
- getting the message out that development plans should be worked out early
- most staff at CDER, CDRH enjoy working on innovative products and are well motivated to assist the sponsors and improve our internal processes
# Presentation: 396284

## Virginia irisIris  virginica  L. Other common names; blue flag, blue flag iris, wild iris, fleur-de-lis.

**Medicinally:**
- Virginia iris and similar species were used to treat earaches, sore eyes, respiratory problems, liver ailments, urinary infections, swelling and pain from sore muscles or bruises.  As a salve, it was placed on open sores.  Pioneer medical doctors used blueflag to induce vomiting or to ‘cleanse the intestines’.
**Culturally**:
- Today horticulturists use it for its brightly colored flowers.  It is used as a source of germplasm to breed ornamental flower bulbs.

- Photo courtesy of:  Robert H. Mohlenbrock. USDA NRCS. 1995. *Northeast wetland flora: Field office guide to plant species*. Northeast National Technical Center, Chester, PA. Courtesy of _[USDA NRCS Wetland Science Institute](http://www.pwrc.usgs.gov/WLI/)_. This image is not copyrighted and may be freely used for any purpose. Please credit the artist, original publication if applicable, and the USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database. The following format is suggested and will be appreciated: **Robert H. Mohlenbrock** @ USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database / **USDA NRCS. 1995. *****Northeast wetland flora: Field office guide to plant species*****. Northeast National Technical Center, Chester, PA.**

- Slide developed by Pat Broyles, Soil Conservationist, Manhattan, KS. PMC.  USDA is an equal opportunity employer.
# Presentation: 445863

## Class Starts

- 8:15-8:45 Dance

- For beginners, this class is a great introduction to swing dancing.  Students will learn the basic 6 count step, outside turn, inside turn, belt turn, bridge, pinwheel, slickie boy, and much more!

- Register at Gilruth’s Front Desk: Space is limited!!
- Sign Starport Rec. Class Waiver Form

- Intro To East Coast Swing

**Class Starts**
**Monday, April 14th**

- NO PARTNER
- REQUIRED!

**$25 per person**
**$40 per couple**

- No Previous
- Experience
- Required!
# Presentation: 013077

## Economic Effects of the Peaking of Conventional Oil Supply 

**Hillard Huntington**
**Energy Modeling Forum **
**Stanford University**
**DOE/EPA workshop**
**Modeling the Oil Transition**
**April 20-21, 2006 / Washington, DC**

## Opening Remarks About Oil Peaking

- Peaking may not be a resource issue.
- Oil peaking may already be happening in some sense.
- No major impacts if a gradual transition.

## How Important is Resource Depletion? 

- Almost exactly 150 years ago,
- Sir Henry Bessemer delivered
- a paper to the Royal Society,

- “Making Malleable Steel Without Energy.”

## Slide 4

## Slide 5

## Years

**Years**

## Years

**Years**

## Drilling Costs Rise with Oil Price

| Years | Oil Prices | Multi-Factor Productivity#
 | Drilling Costs per Foot |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1970-80 | 21.5% | -7.0% | 7.6% |
| 1980-92 | -4.2% | 1.3% | -4.6% |
| 1998-2003 | 12.3% | N.A. | 8.9% |

- % p.a.

- # Ian Parry (1999)

## Impacts of EnergyPrices/Availability

- Reduces international purchasing power
- Lowers productivity by reducing energy use
- Temporarily depresses economic activity through macroeconomic frictions
- Idle capacity in key sectors (e.g., automobiles)
- Wage and price stickiness
- Caused by scary energy price surprises rather than by gradually higher energy prices.

## Gross

**Gross**
**Domestic**
**Product**

**Energy Inputs**

**Reference**
**Point**

**Source: EMF Report 1 (1977).**

******=0.1**

******=0.7**

## Gross

**Gross**
**Domestic**
**Product**

**Energy Inputs**

**Source: EMF Report 1 (1977).**

**Reference**
**Point**

**Less**
**Saving**

## Final Reflections 

- Question that concerns policymakers?
- Gradual transition with modest impacts, unless we have a policy panic scenario.
- Demand adjustments critical for driving the transition.
# Presentation: 142713

## GOALI: Optical properties and visual appearance of naturally oxidized and anodized aluminum surfaces Sergey N. Rashkeev, Vanderbilt University, DMR-0513048

- The problem of visual appearance and overall quality of the surface is a *multiscale problem*. To determine causal linkages between various features and defects (natural and artificially introduced by surface texturing, ion implantation, chemical processes, etc.) at different length scales and the macroscopic optical properties of Al surfaces, a broad range of experimental and theoretical tools was combined. Continuous feedback between investigations at different length scales and the rich phenomenological database provided by Alcoa aims for a cutting-edge demonstration of multiscale, industry-relevant, basic research.

- The developed **MorphoSurf **code shows scattered light  distribution from rough aluminum surface (inset).

- Modification of the surface  by  “monochromatic light traps” with “inverted cone” geometry. The spectrum of the reflected light narrows with number of steps.

- Results of first-principles calculations. Left: Accumulation of hydrogen (white) in cation vacancies of oxide film (on top of Al) damages the film by splitting away its fragment (green ellipse). Right:  Interfacial structural defects also facilitate penetration of hydrogen and subsequent oxide damage. Both processes significantly affect visual appearance of Al surfaces.

## Optical properties and visual appearance of naturally oxidized and anodized aluminum surfaces Sergey N. Rashkeev, Vanderbilt University, DMR-0513048

- One undergraduate (Lance Wilkinson, an African-American student from Alabama A&M University), two graduate students (Andrej Halabica and Renato Minamisawa), and three postdocs (Drs. George Hadjisavvas, Claudiu Mintele, and Albina Borisevich) contributed to this work. Another minority (Hispanic) theory postdoc (Dr. Juan Carlos Idrobo) was recently hired. The new knowledge was developed into modules suitable for high school educational programs by two teachers from public schools of the Greater Nashville area. They spent 10 weeks in the summer of 2006 at Vanderbilt, coordinated by Vanderbilt’s Center of Science Outreach and financed by this program.

- In particular, they visited Oak Ridge National Laboratory and had excursions to several of its unique facilities (including Spallation Neutron Source and ORNL Advanced Microscopy Laboratory). They met ORNL researchers that work at the edge of nanoscience who gave them short training courses in the areas of their expertise. At the end of the summer, each of these teachers developed a unique computerized educational program on nanoscience which will be used in their science classes in public schools.
**Other specific products:**
- The new knowledge provided valuable guidance to the aluminum industry to control its production techniques to achieve desirable optical properties of aluminum products, as specified by customers.

- Optical properties and visual appearance of naturally oxidized and anodized aluminum surfaces **Sergey N. Rashkeev, Vanderbilt University****,** **DMR-0513048**
# Presentation: 028577

## Forms 1042-S, 1098, 1099, 5498, 8027, and W-2G

http://fire.irs.gov

**http://fire.irs.gov**

**FIRE****Filing Information Returns Electronically**

## Advantages of Filing Electronically

**Secure Socket Layer (SSL) **
**	****128-bit encryption**
**High Speed Internet Connection**
**File status available within 2 business days***
**Extended due date (March 31, 2006)***
- 			***excludes 1042-S and 8027**

## Availability of the FIRE System

- _[http://fire.irs.gov](http://fire.irs.gov/)_
**Available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week**
**User ID, Password and Personal Identification Number are user assigned**
**The dial-up FIRE Systems will no longer be available as of 6/27/2005**

## Key Facts to Remember

**Check file status on-line**
**Software required to create file**
**File must be in Standard ASCII Code **
**Limited to 5 million records per file **
**Acceptable compression packages are  PKZIP and WINZIP**
**User ID, Password and Pin**

## Know the Difference

**Original – Information that has never been transmitted before**
**Replacement – To replace a bad file **
**Correction – To change erroneous  information**
**Knowing the difference will avoid **
**	****duplication of information returns and possible late filing penalties.**

## How to Apply

**Complete Form 4419, Application for Filing Information Returns Electronically/Magnetically**
**Complete at least 30 days before the due date of the return**
** ****A Transmitter Control Code (TCC) will be assigned ***
** ****One TCC can be used for multiple payers**
**	**_***A separate TCC will be required for 1042-S & 8027**__** **_

## TY2005 Changes

**Nature of changes will be available August/September 2005**
**	****- No filing requirement for Form W-4**
**	****- Amount Code reporting changes**
**	****- Programming changes**

## TY2004 Notice CP2100First Pass

**Mailings are staggered and will  begin 09/06/2005 and run through 10/31/2005**
**  **
**Notice dates are staggered and will run 09/12/2005 through 11/07/2005**
**250 or more errors will receive a tape cartridge, less than 250 errors will receive a paper listing**

## Notice 972CG

** ****Includes Forms 1098, 1099, W-2G and W-2**
** ****Calendar Year 2005 for Tax Year 2003**
** ****Penalty covers three categories:**
**	****  ****- Late filing**
**	****  ****- Failure to file electronically/magnetically**
**	****  ****- Missing and/or Incorrect Name/Tin                                                                                                                   ****	****combinations**
**  ****Notice date: August 29, 2005**

## Information Reporting Program

_**Customer Service Section **_
**Toll Free  866-455-7438**
**Outside U.S.  304-263-8700**
**Monday through Friday**
**8:30 AM to 4:30 PM EST**
**mccirp@irs.gov**
# Presentation: 720108

## User Perspectives:                Air Quality

- Mark Evangelista
- NOAA Air Resources Laboratory

## Regulatory Programs that Could Benefit from Urban Test Bed

- Air Quality Related Values
- Attainment of NAAQS
- Air Toxics and Acid Rain
- Air Quality Forecasting
- Climate Change

**Notes:**
This slide is important in that it highlights programs that could benefit from certain urban test beds, thereby making it easier to leverage resources. 

## Improving ATD in Fine Scales

- Model/technique evaluation from regional scales to 1-4 km scale.
- Boundary layer fluxes
- Urban canopy studies
- Small eddies – turbulent effects
- Effects of Forest Fires
- Plume rise

**Notes:**
Not just horizontal, but fine vertical scales as well.
Scales as small as <50 m would be valuable in some modeling studies. 

## Needs Specific to Urban Environment

- Effects of urban sources on regional-scale receptors
- Effects of rural/regional sources on urban receptors.
- Effects of urban sources on urban receptors (sub-grid analyses)
- Coastal urban areas – fine scale data to support coastal model development.
- Urban morphologies and land-use studies.

## Example:

- Effects of urban sources on urban receptors within the modeled grid cell.
# Presentation: 180024

## Septentrio N.V.
CGSIC L2C Panel Discussion
Arlington, March 10, 2004

**CGSIC L2C Panel Discussion**
**Arlington, March 10, 2004**

** **

**PolaRx – Flexible platform**

- Dual-freq receivers using codeless tracking
- DGPS/RTK base station / rover
- Single board attitude/heading and 		multi-antenna capability
- Integration and communication
- 	(LINUX, Ethernet, on board logging)
- Advanced geodetic features s.a. 1PPS-in
- GLONASS-ready

## L2C Prototype

- Flexible extension platform for L2C signals
- Combines existing building blocks (chips) from PolaRx2 with FPGA
- Allows
- Fast implementation of tracking and decoding of L2C signals
- Integration with existing GPS/SBAS receiver
- Used for L2C
- 	Implementation
- Tested with
- 	Spirent simulator

- GReCo

- FPGA

- GReFe
- (L2 Front End)

- GReFe
- (L2 Front End)

- uP Board

## Why do this?

- Benefit-driven, not mandate-driven
- L2C allows replacing P-code in the long run
- P code always educated guess: PRN sequence not known, but reasonable approx possible
- Consequently:
- Low C/N0 35dBHz compared CA
- Loss of signal much more likely => lower availability of dual-freq PVT
- Also:
- longer acquisition time (lower availability); and
- bias after acquisition: up to few meters (dualfreq error)
- L2C modulation known; hence better quality

## Please visit our website	 www.septentrio.comor contact us at		 info@septentrio.com

**Thank you !**
# Presentation: 751817

## Certican® (everolimus)Novartis PharmaceuticalsNew Drug Application 21-628 

**Center for Drug Evaluation and Research**** **

**Cardiovascular and Renal Drugs Advisory Committee    Meeting**
**Rockville, Maryland**
**November 16, 2005**
***QUESTIONS TO THE ***_***COMMITTEE***_

## Novartis has presented the results and extensively discussed the use of a ‘fixed-dose’ everolimus regimen with “full-dose” cyclosporine in study B253. Both FDA and Novartis agree that this exact fixed-dose regimen should not be used for the prophylaxis of organ rejection in cardiac transplantation. 

	Do committee members agree with this conclusion?

**	****Do committee members agree with this conclusion?**

## Novartis has proposed an alternative ‘TDM-based’ regimen for the use of everolimus in combination with cyclosporine. The proposed regimen has not been prospectively tested in a cardiac transplantation study. 

	In the absence of a prospective study of this regimen, do committee members believe there is sufficient information available to conclude that the regimen as proposed by Novartis has been demonstrated to be safe and effective for use in heart transplantation?  

**	**
**	****In the absence of a prospective study of this regimen, do committee members believe there is sufficient information available to conclude that the regimen as proposed by Novartis has been demonstrated to be safe and effective for use in heart transplantation?  **

## Question 2 [Continued]:

In your discussion, please be specific regarding what information supports the proposed TDM-based regimen. 

Please discuss in your answer whether you believe that everolimus has been shown safe and effective for all cardiac transplant recipients.

Alternatively, please discuss whether you believe there are certain subgroups where use should be specifically indicated or specifically restricted. 

**In your discussion, please be specific regarding what information supports the proposed TDM-based regimen. **
**Please discuss in your answer whether you believe that everolimus has been shown safe and effective for all cardiac transplant recipients.**
**Alternatively, please discuss whether you believe there are certain subgroups where use should be specifically indicated or specifically restricted.***** ***

## If your answer to question #2 is yes, that the proposed TDM-regimen is safe and effective, please comment on what additional information should be obtained regarding everolimus post-approval.  Additionally, do you have any recommendations regarding labeling (package insert).

## If your answer to question #2 is no, please comment what additional information would be necessary for approval. For example, please comment whether the currently-ongoing European study and/or the planned US cardiac transplantation study would be adequate to demonstrate safety and efficacy. Also comment whether additional data or studies would be necessary.
# Presentation: 723319

## Improve the Safety of Motor Carrier Operations 

## Safety Improvements Wanted

- Change the way safety fitness ratings are determined so adverse vehicle and driver performance alone are sufficient to result in an overall unsatisfactory rating for the carrier  **H-99-6**

## Truck Fitness Safety Ratings

**Accident Factors**
- General
**Drivers**
- Operations
**Vehicles**
- Hazardous Materials
- Accidents

## FMCSA Actions

**FMCSA Actions**

- Under CSA 2010, developing new performance-based operational model
- Pilot testing of new rating system in 2008
- Continue to develop standards to  measure overall safety of motor carrier operations

## Improve the Safety ofMotor Carrier OperationsProposed Safety Board Action

| Timeliness Classification | YELLOW |
| --- | --- |

**Improve the Safety of****Motor Carrier Operations****Proposed Safety Board Action**

- Keep issue area on Most Wanted List
- Assign yellow designation: Acceptable response – progressing slowly