# Presentation: 721622

## Overview of the HINS R&D Program

-  in the Context of Project X

- Bob Webber
- Instrumentation Department Meeting
- February 20, 2008

## Definitions

**Proton Driver**
**Generic name for past ~15 years for new, higher intensity machines and schemes to replace present Linac and Booster**
**Both linac and synchrotron options have been considered**
**Most recently, the name for an 8 GeV superconducting  ILC-like H- linac that fell out of favor relative to ILC**
**High Intensity Neutrino Source – HINS**
**A DOE approved and funded avenue to pursue advanced low energy linac technologies (ala Proton Driver front-end design) as well as e-cloud, H- injection, and other small scale R&D activities in the name of neutrino science**
**Project X**
**A proposal, publicly promoted by Fermilab Directorate, to simultaneously provide 2 MW of protons for neutrinos at 120 GeV and 200kW of protons for experiments at 8 GeV**
**Includes 8 GeV linac with beam current and pulse length parameters aligned with those of the ILC **
**Includes upgrades to RR, MI, and NUMI target system**
** **

## Project X Layout

- Project X Overview - McGinnis

- 120 GeV fast extraction spill
- 1.5 x 1014 protons/1.4 sec
- 2 MW

**New** 8 GeV H- Linac
- 9mA x 1 msec x 5 Hz

**New** 8 GeV extraction
- 1 second x 2.25 x 1014 protons/1.4 sec
- 200 kW

**New** Stripping Foil

- Recycler
- 3 linac pulses/fill

- Main Injector
- 1.4 sec cycle

- Single turn transfer @ 8 GeV

- 0.4-8 GeV ILC Style Linac

- 0.4 GeV Front End Linac

## The Project X Plan

**It is anticipated that the Project X R&D Program will be undertaken as a “national project with international participation” **
**Fermilab does not have the personnel resources to undertake the Project X R&D Program, or a follow-on construction project, on its own**
**... ****the intention is to organize and execute the R&D Program via a multi-institutional collaboration, drawing significant participation from outside of Fermilab **
**The goal is to give collaborators complete and contained sub-projects, meaning they hold responsibility for design, engineering, estimating, and potentially construction if/when Project X proceeds **
**A very readable and comprehensive overview of current Project X thinking is offered in Steve Holmes’ 1/31/08 talk to the P5 Committee **_**[http://www.fnal.gov/directorate/program_planning/P5/P5_Jan2008/Talks/Holmes_PX.pdf](http://www.fnal.gov/directorate/program_planning/P5/P5_Jan2008/Talks/Holmes_PX.pdf)**_
**A detailed 4-year Project X R&D plan has been developed and can be found at **_**[http://](http://projectx.fnal.gov/RnDplan/index.html)**__**[projectx.fnal.gov/RnDplan/index.html](http://projectx.fnal.gov/RnDplan/index.html)**__**[ ](http://projectx.fnal.gov/RnDplan/index.html)**_

## Project X Time Line Goals

**2008:   Develop design and engineering concepts**
**Form Project X R&D Collaboration**
**Achieve CD-0 approval**
**2009:   Initiate work on a Conceptual Design Report**
**Start R&D on technical components, ****in coordination with**** the ILC, SRF, and ****HINS**** programs**
**Continue accelerator physics and engineering design **
**Initiate project documentation **
**2010:   Finish Conceptual Design Report**
**Achieve CD-1 approval**
**Continue R&D; initiate industrialization activities**
**Form collaboration to undertake project construction**
**Continue project documentation**
**2011:   Develop preliminary design and Technical Design Report**
**Establish project baseline **
**Achieve CD2/3a approval**
**Initiate long lead (cryomodule) procurements**
**2012:   Begin ~ 4 year construction project**
** **

## The Beams of the Linacs

|  | Proton Driver Phase 1 Design | Proton Driver Phase 2 Design | HINS capability | Project X Design |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Particle | H- | H- | H+ then H- | H- |  |
| Nominal Bunch Frequency/Spacing | 325
3.1 | 325
3.1 | 325 
3.1 | 325
3.1 | MHz
nsec |
| Particles per Pulse | 15.6 | 15.6 | 37.5 * | 5.6 | E13 |
| Pulse Length | 3 | 1 | 3/1 | 1 | msec |
| Average Pulse Current | 8.3 | 25 | ~20 | 9 | mA |
| Pulse Rep. Rate | 2.5 | 10 | 2.5/10 | 5 | Hz |
| Chopping -6% @ 89KHz                              and 33% @ 53MHz | 37.5% | 37.5% | 0 - 37.5% | 37.5% |  |
| Bunch Current | 13.3 | 39.8 | 32 | 14.3 | mA |
| Bunch Intensity | 2.5
41 | 7.6
122 | 6.1
98 | 2.7 **
44 | E8
pCoul |

*** full un-chopped 3 msec pulse at klystron-limited 20 mA**

**** ILC bunch intensity is 2E10 (electrons)**

## The Linac Beam Time Structure

**The Linac Beam Time Structure**

- 1 msec Linac beam pulse
- 4 msec full scale

- Linac beam chopped for
-  700 nsec RR Abort Gap
- 40 μsec full scale

- Linac 325 MHz beam
- chopped for RR RF
- 3-5 linac bunches per
- 53 MHz RR RF cycle
- 100 nsec full scale

## HINS Transverse Beam Parameters at 15 mA

**HINS Transverse Beam Parameters at 15 mA**

**100%**
**RMS**

**10**
**6**
**2**
**mm**

**MEBT**

**Room Temp Linac**

**First SSR1 Cryomodule**

## HINS Longitudinal Beam Parameters at 15 mA

**HINS Longitudinal Beam Parameters at 15 mA**

**Scale??**

**RMS Bunch Length**

**RMS Bunch Length at 45 mA**
**mm **

## HINS Floor Plan in Meson Detector Building

**RF Component Test Facility**

**Ion Source and RFQ Area**

**HINS Cavity Test Cave**

**60 MeV Linac Cave**

**Klystron and Modulator Area**

**Existing CC2 Cave**

**ILC HTC Cave**

**HINS Floor Plan in Meson Detector Building**

## HINS RT Section Layout

**RFQ**

**dimensions are mm**

**MEBT**

**Start of first SSR1 Cryostat**

**Ion Source**

## HINS SSR Section Layout

**HINS SSR Section Layout**

**SSR1 Cryomodule #1**
**9 solenoids/9 cavities**

**dimensions are mm**

**SSR1 Cryomodule #2**

**SSR2 Cryomodule #1**
**6 solenoids/11 cavities**

**SSR1 Cryomodule #2**

**HINS includes two SSR1 Cryomodules and one SSR2 Cryomodule**

## RT Section Support Griders

## HINS Status

**2.5 MW, 325 MHz HINS klystron is operational**
**HINS RF Component Test Facility is operational **
**Room temperature cavity conditioning is in progress**
**Four cavities on hand, remaining 12 on order**
**Ion Source and RFQ Area is fenced and outfitted with utilities**
**Proton ion source to move to MDB in March**
**RFQ delivery expected in ~May?**
**Superconducting solenoids are on order and cryostat procurement is beginning; completed assemblies will begin to appear late Summer 2008**
**Cryostat for testing individual SC cavities is being fabricated and will appear in Fall 2008**

## HINS Beam Staging

**2.5 MeV operation**
**Short temporary diagnostic/transport line and dump after RFQ**
**Incomplete conceptual design of diagnostic line exists**
**Dump is assembled**
**RFQ delivery and RF conditioning is still critical path**
**Present goal for 2.5 MeV beam is mid-summer this year **
**>2.5 MeV and <10 MeV operation ??**
**Might operate MEBT plus first four? RT cavities with beam**
**Test RF distribution and RF high power vector modulator control**
**Not before early 2009; limited by enclosure construction, MEBT buncher cavity construction, LLRF development, and focusing solenoid production **
**Full 10 MeV Room Temperature section operation**
**Late Summer 2009? Solenoid production and cryogenics system are critical path**
**20 MeV operation with first SSR1 cryomodule**
**Summer 2010? SSR1 cavities, cryomodule and solenoids are needed**
**Full 60 MeV operation**
**Late 2011?**

## 2.5 MeV Transport Line Concept

**2.5 MeV Transport Line Concept**

**Need just one current monitor**

**dimensions are inches**

**Aluminum coil beam absorber goes here**

**RFQ is here**

## Instrumentation Work Needed Now

**For 2.5 MeV operation**
**Complete diagnostic line plans**
**Procure/fabricate components and electronics**
**Be ready for 2.5 MeV beam by ~June this year **
**For overall HINS program**
**Development of a comprehensive beam diagnostics plan**
**Someone to coordinate on a ~50% time basis for a few months would be helpful**
**Scope out and document the requirements along with the current physical constraints and implications**
**Begin beamline and electronic hardware development**
**Develop plans for controls system interface and outline software requirements **
**For Project X**
**Consider ideas to instrument 8 GeV superconducting Linac  with beam structure described earlier**
**Important question --- electrons in the high energy end of the Linac?**

## The end

**Backup slides follow**

## Key HINS 2008 Objectives in Meson

**Test first SSR1 superconducting spoke cavity at full pulsed power**
**Achieve 2.5 MeV beam from RFQ**
**Demonstrate controlled operation of multiple 325 MHz normal conducting cavities with vector modulators**
**Upgrade LCW system**
**Design and possibly begin construction of RT linac section shielding cave in MDB **

## Pulsed Power Test of First SSR1

**Test Cryostat**
**Cryostat design yet to be completed and cryostat procured**
**Headed by Tom Nicol working with industry**
**Cryostat to be installed by AD mechanical and cryo techs**
**Earliest delivery of cryostat is ~June ’08 (next slides)**
**Cryogenics for Cryostat**
**AD Cryo Dept is working to identify vendor for both design and fabrication of cryo transfer line and interface equipment**
**AD Cryo design resources are saturated**
**Earliest delivery of cryo components ~summer ‘08**
**Cavity**
**First cavity fabrication is on-site**
**BCP processing is collaborative effort with ANL – first go in January ’08?**
**Plan bare cavity CW test in ILC-VTS early in 2008**
**Processed/dressed cavity is expected to be available before test cryostat facility**
**Cavity Power Coupler**
**Non-adjustable coupler design is nearly complete**
**Estimate first coupler delivery and power tests early Fall 2008**
**Above efforts are all severely constrained by availability of cryogenics engineers and mechanical engineers with cryogenic component experience**

## Test cryostat and SSR cryomodule resources

- Test cryostat and cryomodule design
- T. Nicol, S. Meredith, T. Page for HTS leads.
- Power coupler design
- T. Nicol, T. Khabiboulline, S. Meredith.
- Cryostat assembly
- T. Nicol, Technicians TBD.
- MDB installation
- TD and AD/Cryo.
- Potential future resources
- T. Page
- G. Lanfranco
- D. Arnold
- L. Simmons

- Tom Nicol slide
- Sept. 27, 2007

## Test cryostat status

- Vacuum vessel
- Order placed September 19. Quoted delivery 16 weeks.
- Vendor just ordered material ~Dec 1. Expect delivery no sooner than March 1.
- Magnetic shield
- Plan to soul source design and fabrication to Amuneal for ~$38,000. Estimated delivery 12 weeks.
- Vendor has sole source. No word on delivery.
- Thermal shield and MLI
- Design in process. Detailed design estimated November 1.
- Detailed design complete and being reviewed. Not on order.
- Support post
- Design complete – release by October 1. Estimated delivery 8 weeks. In-house assembly required.
- Fabrication of parts complete for first three units. Will build in-house as time is available.
- Internal piping
- Conceptual design only. Detailed design complete estimated January 1.
- One meeting with AD-cryo. Detailed design probably won’t start until after March 1.
- Power coupler
- Version 2 design complete – release by October 15. Estimated delivery 16 weeks.
- Bids due this week. Some design work indicated following meeting with AMAC. Expect to re-bid with bids due ~ March 1. AMAC’s schedule is similar.
- Final assembly
- Earliest delivery to MDB ~ March 15, 2008. Vacuum vessel, shields, piping, etc. No cavity or coupler. Assumes TD technician availability.
- Estimated delivery to MDB delayed at least 3 months to mid-June, 2008.

- Tom Nicol slide
- Sept. 27, 2007
- Updates in red 12/6/07

- 3 month slip in <3 months

## 2.5 MeV Beam from RFQ

**Infrastructure**
**Caged area for ion source and RFQ at the HINS location is now being outfitted with utilities**
**Ion Source**
**Loma Linda type proton source (with upgraded support systems) has been recently operated in MS6 by Henryk Piekarz et al.**
**Proton source move to MDB expected in late January ‘08**
**Untimely loss of Doug Moehs is a blow to H- source development, yet to be addressed for both HINS and AD ops**
**RFQ**
**In RF tuning lab at ACCSYS as of Nov. 27 report**
**Trip to witness bead pull test is pending for mid-December**
**Delivery expected late January ‘08**
**RF Power Distribution**
**Temporary feed for RFQ is being installed; parts are on hand**
**RF and Rad Safety Issues**
**Resuming regular meetings with AD ES&H **
**2.5 MeV Beam – May Day???**

## Multiple Cavity/Vector Modulator Operation

**Proof-of-principle demonstration is FY’08 objective**
**RFQ plus one or two RT cavities, not in final configuration**
**Cavities perhaps not installed in final position**
**Makeshift RF distribution components**
**325 MHz Vector Modulators**
**75 kW phase shifters have been demonstrated**
**75 kW modulator is being tested to understand coupling between amplitude and phase modulation**
**500 kW modulator (for RFQ) testing on hold**
**Commercial hybrid coupler failed, replacement on order**
**Ferrite phase shifters OK so far**
**Awaiting high power circulator delivery (customs paperwork)**
**Vector Modulator Bias Power Supplies**
**AD EE Dept has provided one pair of supplies for initial testing**
**They appear committed to continue work on this project**
**Low Level RF Controls**
**Yet to identify resources to focus on these issues**
**This will be the critical path!**

## Meson LCW System Upgrade

**Meson LCW system is incapable to provide HINS required flow**
**AD Mechanical Dept. Fluids Group is finalizing details of upgrade plan **
**Finalization of design is yet to be completed (accelerator shutdown etc.)**
**Includes new pump skid and extensive new piping**
**Price tag is in the order of ≥$100k**
**Installation will have ~2 week integrated impact on water availability for HINS & ILC in MDB**
**Work is unlikely to begin before end of February**
**Interruptions of water service unlikely before March**
**Elvin Harms from ILC-HTS group is in the loop **

## RT Linac Section Cave in MDB 

**Detailed cave design must begin this year**
**Must establish scale of major objects to define cave size**
**Cavity cryostat dimensions and peripherals**
**Scale of cryogenic system feedcans and transfer lines**
**Must develop plan for phased installation and operation as higher energy components become available**
**Must quantify required utilities and cave infrastructure**
**Must address safety issues**
**Egress**
**Radiation shielding**
**Accessibility for maintenance**
**Cost estimates and construction plan must be developed**
**Design around available concrete shielding blocks**
**Are available blocks sufficient? – possible major cost impact **
**Construction could impact other MDB operations**

## Broad Impact Meson Questions

**What is to be the disposition of the present CC2 Cave?**
**We are now installing HINS ion source and RFQ infrastructure north of cave**
**Per Jay Theilacker, design and installation of HINS Linac cryogenics is considerably simpler and less expensive if CC2 cave was dismantled to allow a straight shot for cryo transfer lines into HINS Linac cave**
**HINS Linac is expected to require the full capability of Meson Cryo plant (in 2010?)**
**How will this be compatible with other planned MDB activities?**
**What are those planned activities?**

## Non-MDB 2008 Priorities Requiring Resources

**SSR1 cavity processing (up to 3 beyond first) ****(TD, APC)**
**SSR1 helium vessel, tuner, coupler, and cryomodule design ****(TD)**** **
**RT section RF distribution system design and procurement ****(APC)**
**Procure and test SC solenoids and cryostats for RT section ****(TD)**
**Vector modulator power supply system design ****(AD)**** **
**SC solenoid power supply system design ****(AD)**
**Procure, dress, RF condition remaining 17 RT cavities ****(TD, APC)**