# Presentation: 125070

## R&D In Navy Phased Array Radar

**Dr. Michael A. Pollock**
- Office of Naval Research, ONR 312
- Surface and Aerospace Surveillance
- National Symposium on Multi-function Phased Array
- Current State of Military Investments in Phased Array Radar
- October 11, 2007

## Navy Phased Array RadarHighlights

- Navy is conducting research and development (R&D) on phased arrays across a broad range frequency bands including S-band.
- The primary application of S-band is volume surveillance from surface combatants.
- Mission requirements, platform constraints and environmental challenges have motivated research solutions for high sensitivity, wide dynamic range and flexible time energy management.
- The S&T strategy includes pushing hardware and software Open Architecture into the radar, not just the combat system.

## Surface Combatant Missions

**Volume Search**

**Air Control**

***Missile Track / Mid - Course***
***Communications***

***Electronic Protection***

***Horizon***
***Search***

***Target***
***Track***

***Target***
***Illumination***

***Track***
***While Scan***

***Surface***
***Search***

***Periscope***
***Detection***

**Volume Functions**

**Horizon Functions**

***Volume Search***

***Aircraft Control***

**Ship Self-defense**

_**Solid State SPY (S-Band)**_

_**High Power Discriminator (X-Band)**_

_***MFR***_
***Horizon Search***
***Missile Illumination***

**High Power **
**Discrimination**

**Long-Range Search**

**Volume Surveillance**

- 	High power, S-Band Advanced Radar (SBAR)

- 	High power, multi-function radar (X-band)

## Navy Radar Roadmap Studies

**Fire Control Radars**

**TBMD / Area AAW**

**Air Search Radars**

**Air Traffic Control Radars**

**Current **
**Fleet Radars**

- CAS / STIR

- MK-95

- SPQ-9

- SPG-60

- SPG-62

- SPY-1 A

- MK-23 TAS

- SPS-40

- SPS-49

- SPS-48C

- SPS-48E

- SPS-52

- SPN-43

- SPN-41

- SPN-46

- SPY-1 B

- SPY-1 D

**SPY-1B,D(V)**
**Area TBMD ****Radar Upgrades**

**Near-Term**
**(2000-2005)**

**NTW**
**Radar Upgrades**

**Mid-Term**
**(2005-2012)**

- TAMD Radar Suite
**(Solid State S-Band,**
**HPD-X)**

**Far-Term**
**(2012+)**

**SPS-49A**
**SPS-48E**

**VSR**

- VSR

**SPQ-9B**

**MFR**

- MFR

**Studies point out the need for next generation radars to neck down for life cycle cost savings, and to modernize so that US forces will not face 2020 threat with 1960s technology**

## Navy Phased Array Evolution

**Navy Phased Array Evolution**

**Analog Beamformer**

**Analog Beam Former**

**T/R**

**T/R**

**T/R**

**T/R**

**LNA**

**Rec.**
**A/D**

**Rec.**
**A/D**

**Waveform**
**Controls**
**& Clocks**

**Passive Array**

**Active**** ****Element**

**Digital Array**

**AEGIS AN/SPY-1**
**(Currently Deployed)**

**VSR**
**(Current Acquisition)**

_**Future Radar**_
- Digital Beam Forming
-  Multi-beam operation
- Flexible time energy management
- Power Aperture Gain Improvement
-  Large high power aperture

**Digital Beam Former**

**T**
**DDS**

**R**
**A/D**

**T**
**DDS**

**R**
**A/D**

**T**
**DDS**

**R**
**A/D**

**High Power**
**Amplifier**

**Waveform**
**Generator**

**Waveform**
**Generator**

## Open Architecture Breakout

**Open Architecture Breakout**

**AS**
**(Future)**

**DREXS**
**(DAR)**

**DBFS**
**(CARP)**

**HMIS**
**(CARP)**

**NAV**

**DSPS**
**(CARP)**

**CS**

**RCPS**
**(CARP)**

**Radar Controls**
**& Status**

**Radar Operation Administrative Commands and Status**

**Processed Data**

**Beam Data**

**Element Data**

**Processed Data**

**Source Clock & Local Oscillator**

**Received Echo Signals**

**Transmit**
**Waveforms**

***Digital Beamformer***
***Subsystem***
***(DBFS)***

***Antenna***
***Subsystem***
***(AS)***

***Digital Receiver/***
***Exciter Subsystem***
***(DREXS)***

***Digital Signal ***
***Processor Subsystem ***
***(DSPS)***

***Human-Machine***
***Interface Subsystem***
***(HMIS)***

***Navigation***
***System***
***(NAV)***

***Combat***
***System***
***(CS)***

***Radar Control Processor***
***Subsystem (RCPS)***

**NAV Data**

- Specified hardware & software subsystem interfaces enable multiple vendor, rapid tech refresh and program re-use

**Process Synchronous Radar**
**Data over Asynchronous**
**COTS Networks**

## DREX OA Developments

*S-Band*

*VHF through S-Band*

*C-Band*

*X-Band*

- Down Select

- Affordability / Miniaturize

- Three S-Band DREXs

- Wideband DREX

- C-Band DREX

- X-Band DREX

**Multiple Digital Receiver Exciters**
**One Common Interface**

- Fiscal Year	03			04			05			06			07

- OA Digital Beam Forming

- _Build :__	__       1__	__	__    2__	__	__  3__	__	__  4__	__	__ 5    Chg           _
- Channels/Board:  4		    4		  4		  4		12   3x
- Boards:            1		    2		  6		18		 9
- Channels:        2		    4		22		56	               108  50x
- Beams:            1		    2		  4		16	                 16  16x
- Cost/Channel: $10K		$10K		$5K		$5K	            $2.3K  25%
- Size/Channel: 1U		  1U		0.25U		0.25U	              0.1U  10%

- Ongoing Improvements to Size, Cost, and Capability

**All interfaces are Ethernet**

## Open Back End Processing

- 10GB
- Network
- Switch

- Blade
- Processing

- Resource
- Scheduler

## Open Architecture DSP

- Switch
- 1 Gig-E

- DDM Interface Server

- Gig-E
- Gig-E

- bc635 Time Card

- 1 Gig-E To DDM’s, Dual-Bonded 1 Gig-E To Each Server

- GUI Display Server

- Radar Control Server

- Gig-E
- Gig-E

- Display

- Gig-E
- Gig-E

- bc635 Time Card

- DSP Interface Server

- Gig-E
- Gig-E

- bc635 Time Card

**Open Architecture DSP**

- Force 10 Switch

- Doppler / Detection 1

- Gig-E
- Gig-E

- Doppler / Detection 2

- Doppler / Detection N

- Gig-E
- Gig-E

- Gig-E
- Gig-E

- PC 1

- Gig-E
- Gig-E

- PC 2

- PC M

- Gig-E
- Gig-E

- Gig-E
- Gig-E

- DSP Scheduler Board

- 10 Gig-E
- 10 Gig-E
- 10 Gig-E
- 10 Gig-E

## Navy PAR and MPARSynergy/Differences

- NPAR and MPAR have in common elements of:
- T/R Electronics
- Digital Receiver Exciter
- Signal Processing and Controls
- Digital Beam Forming
- NPAR and MPAR have different:
- Installations restrictions
- Performance requirements
- Mission requirements
- Procurement quantities
- A well defined OA would allow greater opportunity for re-use across the government programs.
- It must support the cost and requirements sensitivities of all customers – not clear this is possible.
- It should result in cost savings.

## Navy Phased Array RadarSummary

- The primary application of S-band radar technology is volume surveillance.
- The Navy is supporting on-going S-band technology base and affordability development.
- There are differing mission requirements, platform constraints, environmental challenges, and cost constraints between NPAR and MPAR.
- The Navy S&T strategy includes pushing hardware and software Open Architecture into the radar, not just the combat system.