# Presentation: 180484

## Solid Earth ScienceComputational Needs

- NASA HQ
- May 23, 2002
- Andrea Donnellan

## Solid Earth Science Questions

- What is the nature of deformation at plate boundaries and the implications for earthquake hazards?
- How is the land surface changing and producing natural hazards?
- What are the interactions among ice masses, oceans, and the solid earth and their implications for sea level change?
- How do magmatic systems evolve and under what conditions do volcanoes erupt?
- What are the dynamics of the mantle and crust and how does the earth’s surface respond?
- What are the dynamics of the earth’s magnetic field and its interactions with the earth system?

## The Solid Earth is:Complex, Nonlinear, and Self-Organizing

_**Computational technologies can help answer these questions:**_
- How can the study of strongly correlated solid earth systems be enabled by space-based data sets?
- What can numerical simulations reveal about the physical processes that characterize these systems?
- How do interactions in these systems lead to space-time correlations and patterns?
- What are the important feedback loops that mode-lock the system behavior?
- How do processes on a multiplicity of different scales interact to produce the emergent structures that are observed?
- Do the strong correlations allow the capability to forecast the system behavior in any sense?

## Processes Take Place on Many Space and Time Scales

## Recommendations

- Create a Solid Earth Research Virtual Observatory (SERVO)
- Numerous distributed heterogeneous real-time datasets
- Seamless access to large distributed volumes of data
- Data handling and archiving part of framework
- Tools for visualization, datamining, pattern recognition, and data fusion
- Develop an Solid Earth Science Problem Solving Environment (PSE)
- Addresses the NASA specific challenges of multiscale modeling
- Model and algorithm development and testing, visualization, and data assimilation
- Scalable to workstations or supercomputer depending on size of problem
- Numerical libraries existing within a compatible framework
- Improve the Computational Environment
- PetaFLOP computers with Terabytes of RAM
- Distributed and cluster computers for decomposable problems
- Development of GRID technologies

## Solid Earth Research Virtual Observatory (SERVO)

** ****Archive**

- Institute

- Institute

- Institute

**Institute**

- Fully functional problem solving environment

- HPSS

**Plug and play composing of parallel programs from algorithmic modules**
**On-demand downloads of 100 GB in 5 minutes**
**10****6**** volume elements rendering in real-time**

**Program-to-program communication in milliseconds**
**Approximately 100 model codes**

- Data cache

- ~TBytes/day

***Tier 0 +1***

***Tier 1***

***Tier 3***

***Tier 4***

- 1 PB per year data rate in 2010
- Distributed Heterogeneous Real-Time Datasets

- Observations

** ****Archive**

** ****Downlink**

** ****Archive**

** ****Downlink**

** ****Downlink**

**...**

**...**

**...**

**...**

**...**

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**...**

- 100 TeraFLOPs sustained

***Tier 2***

- Workstations, other portals

- 100 - 1000 Mbits/sec

## Virtual Observatory Project

- 2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010

- Timeline

- Capability

- Architecture & technology approach

- Decomposition into services with requirements

- Prototype cooperative federated data base service integrating 5 datasets of 10 TB each

- Prototype data analysis service

- Prototype modeling service capable of integrating 5 modules

- Prototype 1920x1080 pixels at 120 frames per second visualization service

- Scaled to 100 sites

- Solid earth research virtual observatory (SERVO)
- On-demand downloads of 100 GB files from 40 TB datasets within 5 minutes.
- Uniform access to 1000 archive sites with volumes from 1 TB to 1 PB

## Problem Solving Environment Project

- 2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010

- Timeline

- Capability

- Isolated platform dependent code fragments

- Prototype PSE front end (portal) integrating 10 local and remote services

- Extend PSE to Include
- 20 users collaboratory with shared windows
- Seamless access to high-performance computers linking remote processes over Gb data channels.

- Integrated visualization service with volumetric rendering

- Fully functional PSE used to develop models for building blocks for simulations.
- Program-to-program communication in milliseconds using staging, streaming, and advanced cache replication
- Integrated with SERVO
- Plug and play composing of parallel programs from algorithmic modules

- Plug and play composing of sequential programs from algorithmic modules

## Computational Environment

- 2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010

- Timeline

- Capability

- 100’s GigaFLOPs
- 40 GB RAM
- 1 Gb/s network bandwidth

- ~100 model codes with parallel scaled efficiency of 50%
- ~104 PetaFLOPs throughput per subfield per year
- ~100 TeraFLOPs sustained capability per model
- ~106 volume elements rendering in real time

- Access to mixture of platforms low cost clusters (20-100) to supercomputers with massive memory and thousands of processors