# Presentation: 937386

## Bruce Jakosky

*Bruce Jakosky*
*University of Colorado*
*Presentation to MEPAG, 18 Sept. 2008*
*NOTE ADDED BY JPL WEBMASTER: This document was not prepared by or at the direction of, nor has the content been approved or adopted by, NASA, JPL or the California Institute of Technology. This document is being made available for information purposes only and any views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of NASA, JPL or the California Institute of Technology.*

***Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) Mission***

## Key Mission Facts

- Launch, 18 November 2013
- MOI, 16 September 2014
- One Earth year primary mission
- Launch on EELV
- 3-axis-stabilized, sun-pointing spacecraft
- Utilizes 34 m DSN
- 75o inclination, 4.5-hour period orbit
- Precession of orbit provides latitude, local time, and geographic coverage.
- Five 5-day “deep dip” campaigns with periapsis altitudes down to the homopause.
- Eight science instruments, grouped into three packages

## The MAVEN Institutional Partnerships

- Project management — GSFC
- Spacecraft contractor — LM
- Instrument providers — LASP, SSL, GSFC
- Science team — LASP, SSL, GSFC, CESR, JPL
- Navigation — JPL
- Mission ops — LM
- Science ops and science data center — LASP
- Education and public outreach — LASP

## What Science Questions Will MAVEN Address?

*MAVEN will determine the role that loss of volatiles to space has played through time, providing definitive answers about Mars climate history:*
- What is the current state of the upper atmosphere and what processes control it?
- What is the escape rate at the present epoch and how does it relate to the controlling processes?
- What has the total loss to space been through time?

## Why These Science Questions?

-  The history of liquid water and of the atmosphere determine Mars’ potential for life throughout time.
-  There is abundant evidence for climate change and atmospheric evolution.
-  Loss of atmospheric CO2, N2, and H2O to space has been an important mechanism for atmospheric evolution, and may have been the dominant mechanism.

*Only by understanding the role of escape to space will we be able to fully understand the history of the atmosphere, climate, and water, and thereby understand Martian habitability.*

## Some of the evidence for the Importance of Loss to Space

- Isotopic fractionation that cannot be explained except by loss to space.
- Direct detection of energetic ions moving away from the planet by *Mars Express*.
- Energetic pickup ions detected by *Phobos*.
*MGS* observations of dramatic atmospheric depletion in response to a solar energetic particle (SEP) event.

## MAVEN will continue the successful “follow the water” theme.

- MGS, MPF, ODY, MER, MRO, MEx, now PHX, upcoming MSL, are focused largely on the history of the surface.  MAVEN’s comprehensive approach will provide the history of the atmosphere as the other necessary half of the story.

## MAVEN Will Measure the Drivers, Reservoirs, and Escape Rates

-   MAVEN will determine the present state of the upper atmosphere and today’s rates of loss to space.

-   Essential measurements allow determination of the net integrated loss to space through time.

**Notes:**
Main points: (1) MAVEN measures all external drivers at Mars, measures the neutral and ion reservoirs that supply the exosphere, places multiple constraints on all known loss processes, and measures the escape products themselves.  (2) MAVEN addresses the different loss processes as an interrelated system, including supply of the escape reservoir and feedback mechanisms.  (3) The MAVEN mission will sample a wide range of solar activity, from the quiet Sun to extreme events.

## The MAVEN Science Instruments

***Mass Spectrometry Instrument***

***Remote-Sensing Package***

***Particles and Fields Package***

***The MAVEN instruments are all closely based on similar instruments that have flown on previous missions.***

## The MAVEN Science Team

**Overall science leads:**
- 	Bruce Jakosky
- 	Robert Lin
- 	Joe Grebowsky
- 	Janet Luhmann
**NGIMS:**
- 	Paul Mahaffy
- 	Wayne Kasprzak
**IUVS:**
- 	Nick Schneider
- 	Erik Richard
- 	Bill McClintock
- 	Ian Stewart
- 	John Clarke
**MAG:**
- 	Mario Acuna
- 	Jack Connerney

**SEP:**
- 	Davin Larson
- 	Jasper Halekas
**AAG:**
- 	Richard Zurek
- 	Bob Tolson
- 	Darren Baird
**IDS:**
- 	Tom Cravens
- 	Xiaohua Fang
- 	Jane Fox
- 	Roger Yelle
**EPO:**
- 	Emily CoBabe-Ammann

**SWEA:**
- 	David L. Mitchell
- 	Christian Mazelle
- 	Jean-Andre Savaud
- 	Dominique Toublanc
**SWIA:**
- 	Jasper Halekas
- 	Davin Larson
**STATIC:**
- 	Jim McFadden
- 	David Brain
- 	Bill Peterson
- 	Francois Leblanc
**LPW:**
- 	Bob Ergun
- 	Greg Delory
- 	Laila Andersson
- 	Frank Eparvier
- 	Tom Woods
- 	Phil Chamberlin

## MAVEN Mission Archi-    tecture

**Launch: **
**November 18, 2013**

**Ten Month Ballistic Cruise to Mars**

**Orbit Insertion:**
**16 Sept 2014**

**One Year of Science Operations**

## The MAVEN Spacecraft

## Aerodynamic Stability for Deep Dips

## MAVEN Instrument Accommodation is Straightforward

-  Sun-pointed spacecraft with body-mounted instruments.
-  Three boom- and solar-panel-mounted instruments.
-  Articulated payload platform (APP) to align FOVs of NGIMS, STATIC, and IUVS with velocity vector and planet.

## MAVEN Orbit and Primary Mission

-   Elliptical orbit to provide coverage of all altitudes
-   The orbit precesses in both latitude and local solar time
-   One-Earth-year mission allows thorough coverage of near-Mars space

## Latitude and Local Time Coverage

- One-Earth-year mission provides coverage of all local solar times and most latitudes.
- Figure shows periapsis regions.  Apoapsis is, of course, on the opposite side of the planet.

## “Deep Dips” Down to the Homopause

- Nominal periapsis near 150 km.
- Five “deep-dip” campaigns with periapsis near 125 km.

## Mission and Science Operations Will Utilize Existing Facilities

-  MAVEN utilizes extensive operational facilities at LM (MOC) and LASP (SOC).
-  Both LM and LASP have very experienced operations teams and well-developed procedures.

-  All operational phases of the MAVEN mission have been carried out at Mars on previous missions by the MAVEN operations team.

*Lockheed Martin Mission Support Area*

*LASP Mission Operations Center*

## MAVEN is Committed to a Strong Education and Public Outreach (EPO) Program

-  EPO program builds on existing high-quality programs and partnerships to bring MAVEN science to a wide range of audiences with an emphasis on underserved / underrepresented students in after-school programs.
-  Uses “social media” to create a multidirectional communication environment that engages the public.
-  Includes a journalist workshop to inform the general public.

## MAVEN Schedule

## The MAVEN team is ready to go!

- MAVEN science goals are tightly focused on understanding atmospheric loss to space through time.
- MAVEN fully addresses the relevant items in the MEPAG goals and objectives document, as well as the NRC decadal strategy.
- The mission architecture, spacecraft design, and instruments and capabilities were selected specifically for this science mission.
- The MAVEN team brings a great deal of experience and heritage, and all of the partners have long histories of working together.
***	******MAVEN will provide a comprehensive understanding of Martian volatile escape and atmospheric evolution.***
- [Interim MAVEN web site: http://lasp.colorado.edu/maven]