# Presentation: 157382

## Harry Danforth or Sherry A. Cohen 
Bldg. 003, Rm. 208, BARC-W
504-6421
504-6001 FAX
Danforthh@ba.ars.usda.gov
Cohens@ba.ars.usda.gov
www.ba.ars.usda.gov/techt/

**Bldg. 003, Rm. 208, BARC-W**
**504-6421**
**504-6001 FAX**
_**[Danforthh](mailto:Danforthh@ba.ars.usda.gov)**__**[@](mailto:Danforthh@ba.ars.usda.gov)**__**[ba](mailto:Danforthh@ba.ars.usda.gov)**__**[.](mailto:Danforthh@ba.ars.usda.gov)**__**[ars](mailto:Danforthh@ba.ars.usda.gov)**__**[.](mailto:Danforthh@ba.ars.usda.gov)**__**[usda](mailto:Danforthh@ba.ars.usda.gov)**__**[.](mailto:Danforthh@ba.ars.usda.gov)**__**[gov](mailto:Danforthh@ba.ars.usda.gov)**_
_**Cohens@ba.ars.usda.gov**_
_**[www.](http://www.ba.ars.usda.gov/techt/)**__**[ba](http://www.ba.ars.usda.gov/techt/)**__**[.](http://www.ba.ars.usda.gov/techt/)**__**[ars](http://www.ba.ars.usda.gov/techt/)**__**[.](http://www.ba.ars.usda.gov/techt/)**__**[usda](http://www.ba.ars.usda.gov/techt/)**__**[.](http://www.ba.ars.usda.gov/techt/)**__**[gov](http://www.ba.ars.usda.gov/techt/)**__**[/](http://www.ba.ars.usda.gov/techt/)**__**[techt](http://www.ba.ars.usda.gov/techt/)**__**[/](http://www.ba.ars.usda.gov/techt/)**_

**OTT, Beltsville Area**

## ARS is Increasingly Being Asked to Demonstrate the Positive Impact of our Programs

## Federal Technology Transfer Acts of 1986 and 1996

**To help translate research results into practical products**
**To give taxpayers a return on their investment in research**
**To promote economic competitiveness and job creation**

## Philosophy of Technology Transfer

-     			          U.S. Company
-        ARS Mission			   Interests
**Area Ripe for Technology Transfer**
**Not all Successful Technology Transfer Uses Formal Mechanisms**

## How is Technology Transferred?

## Types of Formal Agreements

**Confidentiality Agreement**
**Material Transfer Agreement (MTA)**
**Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA)**
**Trust Fund Cooperative Agreements**
**Memorandum of Understanding (MOU)**
**Patents – License Agreement**

## Confidentiality Agreement

**Used ****only**** when contemplating entering into a CRADA, MOU or License Agreement.  Otherwise, do not disclose or receive confidential information.**
**Can be one way or two way**
**Protects patent rights**
**Do not sign non-standard confidentiality agreements without first checking with the Technology Transfer Coordinator (TTC).**
**Can be signed by any permanent ARS scientist.**
**Provide copy of executed agreement to TTC.**

## Material Transfer Agreement

**Used when transferring materials which ****may be**** or ****will be**** or ****are**** patented.**
**Do not sign non-standard MTAs without first checking with TTC.**
**Signed by scientist, RL and then sent to TTC for signature and transmittal to cooperator.**
**TTC will let you know when it is OK to send/receive materials.**
**Example (transfer of cell lines to a U.S. company for production of viral pesticides.)**

## Develop a CRADA When:

**A joint research effort with a non-Federal, U.S. partner has the possibility of contributing to a commercial product.**
**A partner requires limited confidentiality and or exclusivity.**
**Negotiations are between TTC and cooperator, not scientist and cooperator.  Watch out for sensitive issues.**

## Examples of Sensitive Issues 

**Creation of transgenic food or feed organisms by genetic engineering (human-directed splicing, altering, deletion, antisense reassembly, or other asexual recombining of DNA or RNA, including subsequent activities to regenerate whole transgenic organisms from cells or tissues, or to transfer genetically-engineered DNA from one organism to another to enhance its potential utility).**
**Cloning of animals by somatic cell nuclear transfer.**
**Herbicide-resistant crop plant research.**
**Antibiotic/Antimicrobial Resistance.**

## Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA)

**Benefits to Firms:**
**	****        ****First right to Exclusive License**
**	****        ****Access to ARS**
**	****        ****Confidentiality**
**Benefits to ARS:**
**	****        ****Results-Oriented Research**
**	****        ****Identification of Licensee**
**	****        ****Resources (For the Project)**

## CRADA Negotiations

**Firms May Provide**
**Expertise**
**Materials**
**Equipment**
**Employees**
**Money**
**Facilities**
**ARS May Provide Any of the Above**
**                   ****Except**** Money**

## Trust Fund Cooperative Agreements

**Multiple agreements can be used with multiple partners for same project.**
**Involves funding to ARS from Cooperator.**
**No confidentiality provisions (*****with exceptions*****).**
**No right to negotiate an exclusive license.**

## Memorandum of Understanding

**Used for collaborative research or evaluation**
**No money changes hands**
**No confidentiality (*****with exceptions*****)**
**No rights to exclusive license**

## Confidentiality

**Always Remember**
**Proprietary Information or Intellectual Property  (IP)**

## PATENTING GUIDELINES

**ARS Can Patent**
**Cooperator Can Patent**
**Can be individually **
**or jointly owned**

## INVENTOR GUIDELINES

**CALL THE PATENT ADVISOR FIRST!!**
**Janelle Graeter 504-5676**

## INVENTOR GUIDELINES

**1.****	****Use Permanently bound Research Notebooks.**
**2.****	****Critical Dates in Patent Law to Avoid Loss of Patent Rights:**
**	****a.****	****Protection Intellectual Property - invention reporting,   ****	****confidential agreements, CRADA’s.**
**	****b.****	****Invention Report’s (IR) to Patent Advisor (PA)  ASAP.**
**	****c.****	****Report publication of invention to PA ASAP.**
**	****d.****	****Foreign patents must be filed before publication.**
**	****e.****	****Avoid disclosing inventive concepts in abstracts, CRIS ****	****reports and interpretative summaries.**

## INVENTOR GUIDELINES

**3.****	****Conduct Thorough Search Before Writing IR.**
**4.****	****Provide Advice to PA-talk to the PA.**
**5.****	****Assist the PA in Prosecution of the Patent:**
**	****a.****	****Review and comment on patent office actions.**
**6.****	****Plant Variety Protection Certificates Considerations -**
**	****Associate Deputy Administrator from Plant Sciences**
**7.****	****General Information on PVPC Obtained from:  Commissioner,**
**	****Plant Variety Protection Office, AMS, NAL Building, Beltsville, MD  20705.  Tel. No. 504-5518 or visit their website at **_**[www.](http://www.barc.usda.gov/anri/isl)**__**[ams](http://www.barc.usda.gov/anri/isl)**__**[.](http://www.barc.usda.gov/anri/isl)**__**[usda](http://www.barc.usda.gov/anri/isl)**__**[.](http://www.barc.usda.gov/anri/isl)**__**[gov](http://www.barc.usda.gov/anri/isl)**__**[/science/](http://www.barc.usda.gov/anri/isl)**__**[pvp](http://www.barc.usda.gov/anri/isl)**__**[.](http://www.barc.usda.gov/anri/isl)**__**[htm](http://www.barc.usda.gov/anri/isl)**_

## ARS Patent Committee Evaluation Criteria

**The Patent Committee meets every 3 to 4 months and recommends whether invention disclosures on the docket should be accepted for patent application preparation, deferred, or suspended.**
**If there is a patent....**

## License Agreements

**Negotiated by Licensing Coordinator or TTC only**
**Exclusive agreements require publication in Federal Register, except for CRADA inventions.**
**Scientist receives incentive award:**
**First $2,000 plus 25% thereafter of all license revenue exclusive of reimbursed fees.**

## For All Formal Agreements

**Negotiations of language and scope of the agreement are almost always necessary to protect ARS’ rights and policies.**
**Flexibility, compromise and communication within the guidelines and policies of OTT is  necessary to develop successful agreements.**
**“****Compromise, if not the spice of life, is its solidity.”  **

## Questions ?

_**[www.](file:///techt/)**__**[ba](file:///techt/)**__**[.](file:///techt/)**__**[ars](file:///techt/)**__**[.](file:///techt/)**__**[usda](file:///techt/)**__**[.](file:///techt/)**__**[gov](file:///techt/)**__**[/](file:///techt/)**__**[techt](file:///techt/)**__**[/](file:///techt/)**_