BEE-spoke-data/govdocs1-by-extension huggingface dataset:
# Presentation: 076260

## GCOOS

- Gulf of Mexico Coastal Ocean Observing System
- FY 2007 NOAA Grantees Workshop
- 6-7 February 2008, Charleston, SC

## Two Programs FY2007

- Local Data Nodes $300K/year 3-years
*Standardize the data delivery systems of 10 principal GCOOS data providers *
- Data Portal Development $500K 1-year
*Establish centralized data portal system for the GCOOS-RA*

## 10 Local Data Nodes

- TCOON, TABS,
- WAVCIS,  LSU/CSI, LUMCON, CenGCOOS
- DISL
-  COMPS, USF/IMaRS, MOTE
- E/O, Project Management

- 12 way split - about one
- man-month effort per node

## Node Manager’s Meeting
Node IT staff attend two meetings or workshops related to interoperability
8 Nodes Serve near real-time scalars via a Web Services service interface.
Select satellite products (LSU/USF)
Adopt a common dictionary

- Node IT staff attend two meetings or workshops related to interoperability
- 8 Nodes Serve near real-time scalars via a Web Services service interface.
- Select satellite products (LSU/USF)
- Adopt a common dictionary

- Local Data Nodes

- Year 1 Activities

## Local Data Nodes

- Year 2
- Manager and IT travel supported as in year one
- 8 nodes serve vectors via Web Services
- 2 satellite nodes serve via OCG WCS
- Year 3
- Travel as before
- 10 nodes serve historical data back one year.

## Data Portal

- Centralized data portal
- machine-to-machine interoperable
- human interface
- focus on near real-time data
- portable
- 2 FTE’s programming effort
- E/O component

## Data Portal

- Common Dictionary/Vocabulary
- Web Services service interface selection
- Metadata content standards
- Standards-based machine accessible catalog

- Critical Issues

## Data Portal

- SEACOOS CDL - Local Nodes Vocabulary
- Assessment of other RAs - (RA-DMP)
- Self-assessment of local data nodes
- system architectures, IT skillsets
- Use Case, UML, DoDaf

- Current Activities
# Presentation: 409461

## Current Areas of NIBIB Space-Related Health Research

- Image-Guided Surgery
- Point-of-Care Technology
- Multi-Scale Modeling of Biomedical, Biological and Behavioral Systems

**Presenter: Roderic Pettigrew, M.D., Ph.D., Director, NIBIB**
**National Institute of Biomedical Imaging & Bioengineering**

## Promising Areas for Space-Related Health Research Collaborations

- Additional Areas:
- Telemedicine
- Surgical Training
- Surgical Planning
- Care Delivery
- Rehabilitation/Microgravity Countermeasures
- Biological Sensors and Physiological Monitoring
- Nanotechnology/ Bio-nanomaterials

## Existing Resources to Facilitate Space-Related Health Research

- Interagency Modeling and Analysis Group (IMAG)
- Multi-Agency Tissue Engineering Sciences (MATES) Working Group
- Image-Guided Interventions Interagency Group (IGI)
- National Science, Engineering and Technology (NSET) subcommittee for the National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI)
- Technologies for Metabolic Monitoring Program
# Presentation: 210415

## Colorado Council of Medical Librarians Advocacy Task Force 

**Margaret Bandy, AHIP**
**Manager**
**Exempla Healthcare Libraries**

## Introduction

- Denver Health Medical Center eliminated the library in June 2003
- Letter written to DHMC CEO
- What can we do *as an organization* to advocate for our members?
- CCML Advocacy Committee
- 	established September 2003

## Committee Members

- Karen Wells, Exempla Lutheran Medical Center, Chair
- Stephanie Weldon NNLM Colorado Liaison; Julie Gaston, Majors Scientific Books; Jenny Garcia, then at Westwood Technical School and now at UWY;
- 	Deb Weaver, Denver Children’s Hospital; Margaret Bandy, CCML President 2003-2004

## Committee Charge

- Review current situation with regard to Colorado, Kansas, etc.  Also regional and national efforts (e.g. MLA Advocacy Toolbox)
- Delineate the issues impacting library closures, e.g. electronic resources and general health care economy issues.
- Look at external activities that might raise the role of hospital librarians, e.g. magnet hospitals.

## Committee Charge

- Review Connecticut success re adoption by the Connecticut Medical Society of MLA Hospital Library Standards and a librarian on accreditation team
- Investigate vendor participation in advocacy efforts
- Work with other CCML committees to look at benchmarking data and minimum requirements for reciprocal interlibrary loan privileges.
- Other activities as we thought of them!

## Current and Planned Activities

- Gave input into NNLM letter to administrators for Medical Librarians Month--now available on NNLM web site
- October 7, 2004 presentation to the Colorado Medical Society
- Developing an award to present to a hospital administrator at the Colorado Hospital Association meeting

## Current and Planned Activities

- Investigating interest by COPIC in a presentation on Evidence-Based Medicine to showcase the role of librarians .
- Collecting information from various sources on the value of librarians for future publication
- Make Advocacy part of a standing committee in CCML

## Ideas Under Consideration

- Developing letters for the following purposes:
- To encourage administrators to hire professional librarians to replace librarians who resign or retire
- To encourage administrators building new hospitals to include professionally staffed libraries in their building plans
- Seeking grant funding to help to initiate some of our advocacy activities
# Presentation: 834742

## Receiver

- TeVatron DCCT variables - before ~ Feb15 2004

- S. Pordes re TeV DCCT

- 07-29-04

## * see Beams Doc 1256

- DCCT

- Receiver

*TBEAM Front-End *  ~18 bits*

- T:IBEAMB - E13

- T:BEAM    - E12

- TeVatron DCCT variables - after ~ Feb15 2004

- T:IBEAM   - E12

- T:IBEAMS - E10

*MADC (single sample, 12 bits)*

*** see Beams Doc 1256

- Amp.

- S. Pordes re TeV DCCT

- 07-29-04

## TeVatron DCCT variables from July 22 to July 24 2004

- On July 23rd there were failures in both the Receiver box and the Amp.
- module.
- The Receiver box failure ***was not*** expected to affect the signal gain.
- The Amp. Module was replaced with a newer version. This change of      Amp. Module ***was*** expected to change the gain of the signal into the Front-End system.
- We (Aisha Ibrahim, Dallas Heikkinen and I) did a calibration of the DCCT which showed that the gain of the Front-End system had changed by -31% (ie the number to be used in the Front-end program to convert a measured voltage to number of particles in the beam should be changed by -31%).
- This reflects the different gains of the original and the new Amp. module. The calibration process also allowed us to check the scale factors for the MADC readings. The MADC readings per the calibration were ~1.2% high.
- We entered the -31% change on 7/23 but not the -1.2% change for the MADC readings.

- S. Pordes re TeV DCCT

- 07-29-04

## T:IBEAM (MADC) (red),  and

- T:BEAM (Front-end) (green)
- as of July 22 (before failures)

- T:IBEAM (red), T:BEAM (green)
- after gain change for Front-End
-              (July 23)
- Note that T:BEAM is now ~1%
- lower than T:IBEAM until...

- TeVatron DCCT variables from July 23 to July 28

- S. Pordes re TeV DCCT

- 07-29-04

## TeVatron DCCT variables from July 28 2004

- MADC (T:IBEAM) (green)& Front-End (T:BEAM) (red) after putting in calibrations for both MADC and Front-End. Values are the same to < 0.1%

- per T. Meyer

- S. Pordes re TeV DCCT

- 07-29-04

## MI to TeV transfer after 

- MI to TeV transfer after
- TeV DCCT calibration
- (intensities ~ equal)

- MI to TeV transfer before
- TeV DCCT calibration
- (note the apparent intensity increase)

- TeVatron & MI  DCCT comparison

- S. Pordes re TeV DCCT

- 07-29-04
# Presentation: 690278

## Is There a Bubble in Housing?New Evidence from 210 Markets

- House Prices in the U.S. Economy
- Washington, DC

## Is There a Bubble in Housing?

-  House Prices Outstrip Income
- Nationally. . . .

## Is There a Bubble in Housing?

-  House Prices Outstrip Income
- . . . and in 175 MSAs

## Is There a Bubble in Housing?

- Possible House Price Bubbles
- Nonparametric and Parametric Tests

- Nonparametric test of 210 MSAs
- Ratio of *median house prices* to *per capita personal income* > long-run average + 1 STD
- 43 MSAs

## Is There a Bubble in Housing?

- Nonparametric Test
- Boston

## Is There a Bubble in Housing?

- Nonparametric Test
- Los Angeles

## Is There a Bubble in Housing?

- Nonparametric and Parametric Tests

- Nonparametric test of 210 MSAs
- Malpezzi’s model includes 5 fundamental and 3 regulatory factors
- Ratio of fitted *median house prices* to *per capita personal income* > long-run average + 1 STD
- 32 MSAs

## Is There a Bubble in Housing?

- Parametric Test
- Boston

## Is There a Bubble in Housing?

- Parametric Test
- Los Angeles

## Is There a Bubble in Housing?

- 20 MSAs Jointly Indentified

## Credit PerformanceNew Evidence from 310 MSAs

- Serious Delinquencies of Prime Loans

## Credit Performance

- Serious Delinquencies of Alt A Loans

## Credit Performance

- Serious Delinquencies of Subprime Loans

## Credit Performance

- Serious Delinquencies in 39 MSAs
- Greater than average for three loan types

## Credit Performance

- Serious Delinquencies in 39 MSAs
- Greater than average for three loan types

## GMAC-RFC Securities

- 	Although the information contained in this report is based on and/or derived from public sources that we believe to be reliable, we cannot guarantee its accuracy or completeness. All information provided herein is unaudited. This report has been solely prepared for informational purposes. It is in no way a solicitation or an offer to buy or sell any mortgage-backed security or instrument. Past results of securities do not necessarily forecast future results.
# Presentation: 769050

## VO Services Project Report

**VO Services Project Report**
**OSG Executive Board Meeting**

**May 9, 2008**

- Gabriele Garzoglio
- Computing Division, Fermilab

## Report

- Authorization Interoperability
- Finishin AuthZ Profile common to EGEE, VO Services, Globus, Condor (1 yr effort): due May 13, 2008)
- Now refactoring PRIMA, GUMS, gPlazma, GT4, gLExec, SCAS, ... to use the new protocol: due Jun 08
- Validation of Site AuthZ Configuration
- Automatic self-consistency checks (via RSV) of sites using the VO Services infrastructure. Deployed with OSG v1.0.
- VOMRS  VOMS-admin convergence
- Working with INFN to introduce all use cases addressed by VOMRS into VOMS-admin. Currently in planning phase.
- VO and Site Policy
- Work with TechX on SBIR grant: done on Apr 08. Study + demo of how to use XACML to express Site and VO policies on privilege
- Stakeholder’s Meeting on Apr 30: OSG, US CMS, US Atlas, Fermilab
- Writing OSG / VO Services agreement on new deliverables
- See new draft “Attribute Certificate Validation in OSG” (Mine and Gabriele): http://osg-docdb.opensciencegrid.org/cgi-bin/ShowDocument?docid=756
- Risk: lowering effort dedicated to VO Services may force the project to maintenance-only mode.

- Gabriele Garzoglio
# Presentation: 698804

## DØ Forward Proton Detector

**Moved pots in by 20 mm**
**No increase in rates seen for proton or anti-proton haloes**
**CDF wants to check if they saw a rate increase**
**Working on automatic retraction system based on observed rates**
**FPD shifter will be present until then to monitor their detector**

## DØ Ongoing

**TFW L1 decision issue timing moved by 2x132ns ticks to meet the original spec ******** Other sub-systems needed to move their pipeline delay by 264 ns older**
**Most detectors are timed in approximately – working on refining this**
**Halo rates are a general concern**
**Ramp muon HV to standby and SMT off during shot setup**
**CFT temperature**
**Taking runs with solenoid off for CFT measurements to understand temperature dependence from SMT + solenoid**
**Currently at +5****o****C SMT, 18****o****C CFT**
**Will take more data tonight and change temperature by Wednesday**
**Longer term run plans could be beneficial for integrating these studies**
**Controlled access today**
**Worked on Muon HV problem in one MT octant – disconnected**
**Replaced LV PS for Calorimeter**
**Working on understanding needs for Quiet Time – mostly beam off only**

## DØ Status

| Sub-system | Installed | Instrumented | Operational |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| SMT | 100% | 100% | 85% |
| CFT/CPS | 100% | 5% | 5% |
| FPS | 100% | 0% | 0% |
| Calorimeter | 100% | 95% | 95% |
| CAL-Trigger | ~45% | ~45% | Triggering but no readout yet |
| ICD | 95% | 60% | 60% |
| Muon PDTs | 100% | 100% | 50%+ |
| Muon MDTs | 100% | 100% | 100% |
| Mu Trig. Cntrs | 100% | 100% | 100% |
# Presentation: 108880

## Collective Flow

**Art Poskanzer**

- Exploring the secrets
- of the universe

- Color by Roberta Weir

## Photos

**Photos**

## Spectator-Participant Picture

- Abrasion and Ablation of Heavy Ions,
- J.D. Bowman, W.J. Swiatecki, and C.F. Tsang, LBL-2908 (1973)

- 1973

## Fireball

- G.D. Westfall et al., Phys. Rev. Letters 37, 1202 (1976)

## Centrality Dependence

- (near) Central Collision

**Centrality Dependence**

## Transverse Plane

- H. Wieman (2005)

- around the beam axis

- S = π x y

## Elliptic Flow

- Animation by Jeffery Mitchell (Brookhaven National Laboratory)

## Nuclear Collisions

- W.J. Swiatecki, Bevalac Upgrade Proposal, 1975.

- Explored to date only on the axes.

- 1975

## Kinds of Flow

- self quenching
- early time

- mainly spectator matter

- temperature

## Plateau

- W. Swiatecki (1984)

- Temperature
- or Pressure

- Beam Energy

- 1984

- direct photons
- elliptic flow

## v2 /

**v****2 ****/******

## Azimuthal Flow Angle

- S. Voloshin and Y. Zhang, Z. Phys. C **70**, 665 (1996)

## Fourier Harmonics

- S. Voloshin and Y. Zhang, hep-ph/940782; Z. Phys. C **70**, 665 (1996)

- Event plane resolution correction made for each harmonic

- See also, J.-Y. Ollitrault, arXiv nucl-ex/9711003 (1997)

- Unfiltered theory can be compared to experiment!

- and J.-Y. Ollitrault, Nucl. Phys. **A590**, 561c (1995)

## Methods of Analysis

**Pair-wise**
**Standard**
**Scalar Product**
**q-dist**
**Cumulant**
**Lee-Yang Zeros**

## Directed and Elliptic Flow at the SPS

- NA49, C. Alt et al., PRC **68**, 034903 (2003)

## STAR

## First RHIC Elliptic Flow

**First RHIC Elliptic Flow**

- 130 GeV/A Au+Au

- 22 k events

- STAR, K.H. Ackermann et al., PRL **86**, 402 (2001)

- First paper from STAR

- Data approach hydro
- for central collisions

## Elliptic Flow vs. Beam Energy

- A. Wetzler (2005)

- all v2

- six decades

**Elliptic Flow vs. Beam Energy**

- 25% most central
- mid-rapidity

- In-plane
- elliptic flow

- squeeze-out

- bounce-off

## Directed Flow from Mixed Harmonics

- Removes nonflow
- Uses best determined event plane

- STAR, J. Adams et al., PRC submitted (2005)

## v1 from Spectator Neutrons

- for transverse deflection of spectator neutrons

- Zero-Degree Calorimeter Shower Max Detector

- A. Tang, STAR

## Quark Coalescence

- D. Molnar and S.A. Voloshin, Phys. Rev. Letters 91, 092301 (2003)
- STAR, Phys. Rev. C 72, 014904 (2005)

## Higher Harmonics

- J. Adams et al., PRL **92**, 062301 (2004)

- more details of the event shape in p space
- quarks have v4

- vn = 1.2 v2n/2

## Conclusions from Flow

**Hydrodynamics at top RHIC Energy**
**Thermalization**
**Parton Coalescence**
**Partonic Phase**
**Thermalized Partonic Phase**
**Quark-Gluon Plasma**
# Presentation: 256010

## Healthcare ProviderSystems Change –Tobacco Cessation

- 3rd National Prevention Summit
- Washington, D.C.
- October 24, 2005
- Presented by: Laurie Adams

## Presentation Goals

- Relationship Building
- Policy Change
- Training and Implementing
- Evaluation
- Call to Action

## 1)	Relationship Building

| 2000

Cessation Program for Hospital Employees-
NYS - TCP | 2001

Wellness Coordinator Certified with ACS and ALA as Cessation Counselor | 2002

Baby & Me Cessation Program Consultant at Hospital |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2003

Steps Consortium Begins - WCA Hospital Key Member | 2004

Steps Worksite Wellness Committee. Baby & Me/Asthma Help line                2nd Hand Smoking | 2005

Healthcare  Provider Systems Change- Two Min Intervention |

## 2)	Policy Change

- Clinical Practice Guidelines,
- Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence:
- 5 A’s Approach
- NY State Smokers’ Quitline
- Local Cessation Resources
- Two-Minute Intervention

## 2)	Policy Change

- Previously
- Need for Smoking Cessation Handout: “How Can I Quit Smoking”
- New
- Two-minute Tobacco Cessation Intervention
- Smoking Cessation Handout

## 3)	Training and Implementing

- CEO and Management Team
- Increase quality of care – internal and external review boards
- Staff and Department Managers
- Policy change/training presented – no added burden
- Employee Trainings
- Role playing and resources at each staff meeting

## 3)	Training and Implementing

- Added Value:
- Presented at Physicians’ Grand Rounds
- Internal employee cessation support groups created
- Cessation materials - patient education packets
- Mental Health department policy change

## 4)	Evaluation

- Process measures
- # trainings to managers and employees
- # managers and employees reached
- Internal chart reviews
- Calls to New York State Smokers’ Quitline
- # from Chautauqua County
- Source of referral
- Follow-up survey at six months

## 5)	Call To Action

- Build Relationships
- Duplicate success
- Overcome Barriers
- Make it simple and realistic
- Be Persistent
- The only quitters should be smokers
- Win / Win
- Quality healthcare to Quality patient care

## 
“As your healthcare provider, I have to tell you that quitting smoking is one of the most important things you can do for your health.”

- “As your healthcare provider, I have to tell you that quitting smoking is one of the most important things you can do for your health.”

- Environmental change is achieved only whenembraced by the entire organization.

## Contact Information

- Laurie Adams
- Steps to a HealthierNY
- Community Program Facilitator
- _[lauriea@alltel.net](mailto:lauriea@alltel.net)_
- (716) 484-3325

- Tory Peterson
- Steps to a HealthierNY
- Program Coordinator
- _[ymcasteps@alltel.net](mailto:ymcasteps@alltel.net)_
- (716) 664-2802
# Presentation: 202170

## Transportation Safety and the Law Symposium

**Transportation Safety and the Law Symposium**

***Privacy: Recorders, Records and Employee Rights***

## Fairness and Honesty

**in Public Policy**

## Moral & Philosophical Framework

**Rights & Responsibilities**
** ****-vs-**** **
**Fairness & Honesty**

## Patchwork of Laws

**Patchwork of Laws**

- Migratory Bird Act of 1899
- Clean Water Act

## Gun Decking

**Gun Decking**
**-vs-**
**Factual **
**Documentation**

## Pride

**Pride**
**Honesty**
**Understanding**** **

## International Standards Organization (ISO)

**International Standards Organization (****ISO****)**

**International Safety Management (****ISM****) Codes**

## Say What You Do

**International Safety Management (****ISM****) Codes**

***Say What You Do***

***Do What You Say***

**Find**
**Analyze**
**Correct**

## When conscientious people are honest 

**in their efforts **
***to improve safety and efficiency*****,**** **
**the records they keep **
**should not**** **
**be admissible as **
**evidence for prosecution.**

## Slide 10
# Presentation: 650494

## Search for Heavy Neutral Gauge Bosons at 

- Gervasio Gómez

- University of Maryland

- APS Meeting
- April 1997
- Washington, DC

## Motivation

- Heavy neutral gauge bosons are predicted in GUT models with an additional U(1) symmetry
- In this analysis we look for neutral heavy objects (    )  which:
- decay to electrons
- have the same couplings to fermions as the Standard Model Z
- have a width that scales with mass,
- Look for bumps in the di-electron invariant mass distribution
- If no significant excess is observed, set a limit on the      cross section and mass

## Slide 3

##         Z¢ Search at 

- Run 1b+1c : ò* L dt = 108.5* **±** *5.8* pb-1
- Event selection
- Geometric acceptance
- one electron must be in the central calorimeter   |h|£1.1
- second electron : |h|£1.1 or 1.5£|h|£2.5
- Trigger
- two high  *p**T*  isolated electromagnetic (EM) clusters
- Offline: two electrons
- isolation  ( iso < 15% )
- high EM fraction  ( emf > 95% )
- EM cluster shape consistent with electron      ( H-matrix c2 < 100 )
- one electron must have a matching track in the central detector ( strk < 5(10) cc(ec) )
- Kinematic Cuts
*p**T* (e1) > 30 GeV
*p**T* (e2) > 25 GeV

## Slide 5

## Slide 6

## Slide 7

## Limit Method

- Generate       Monte Carlo events at several       masses
- Use sliding mass  windows centered at each      mass to calculate acceptances, backgrounds and number of events
- We use a Bayesian approach to extract a 95% CL upper limit on the       to Z cross section using the formula
- The limit is not yet background subtracted in the high       masswindows (this is conservative)

## Acceptances

- Generate PYTHIA       events at different masses
- Run these events through fast Monte Carlo detector simulation

## Drell Yan + QCD

- Drell Yan
- Generate PYTHIA Z+DY events
- Run them through a fast Monte Carlo to simulate  D    response
- QCD background
- Select events that pass fiducial and kinematic cuts but fail electron ID cuts (QCD jets faking electrons)
- Fit the Z+DY Monte Carlo shape and the QCD background shape to the observed data

## Slide 11

## Slide 12

## Slide 13

## Slide 14

## Slide 15

##               Limit

- Require 2 jets with
- |h**1,2**| < 1.0
- |Dh|  < 1.6
- M**JJ   ** > 200 GeV/c**2**
- Simulate QCD dijet invariant mass spectrum using NLO program JETRAD
- Model                       signal using PYTHIA
- Acceptances calculated by percentage of generated events passing the cuts
- Theoretical production cross section calculated using PYTHIA and corrected using second order K factors

## Slide 17

## Conclusions

- No significant excess is observed in the di-electron and di-jet invariant mass distributions
- We therefore set 95% CL upper limits on the       cross section in both the electron and hadronic channels:
- We set         mass limits:
# Presentation: 233778

## FUNDAMENTAL NOISE

**NASA GLENN RESEARCH CENTER**
**Loretta Shaw, Subsonic Systems Office**
**Dennis Huff, Acoustic Branch Chief**

## Aerospace Propulsion and Power Base Program

_***Objective:***_***  ***Develop advanced concepts to reduce subsonic 					engine fan, jet and core noise.
* *

**Fundamental Noise**

**Propulsion Fundamentals Research Project**

_***Objective:***_  ...to provide support for new high-risk, high-payoff
- 	activities that are of long term strategic importance

*Aeroacoustic Propulsion Laboratory*

## Aerospace Propulsion and Power Base Program

*	**- Provide fundamental insight into physics of jet noise*
*	**  **generation and propagation*
*  *

**Aerospace Propulsion and Power Base Program**

**Fundamental Noise Approach in FY00**

*Small Hot Acoustic Jet Rig*

*  ***Fan Noise Prediction**
*-  Develop the next generation fan noise prediction tools*
*	** **based on Computational Aeroacoustics*

*  ***Jet Noise Prediction**
*	**-  Develop next generation jet noise prediction tools based on *
*	**   **modeling and Computational Aeroacoustics*

*MGBK*
*prediction*

*Data*

## Aerospace Propulsion and Power Base Program

*  ***Micro-blown Acoustic Aft-duct Splitter***  *
*	**- Demonstrate the reduction of skin friction **	**and aft duct fan noise with a micro-blown *
*	**aft duct splitter*
*  *

**Aerospace Propulsion and Power Base Program**

**Fundamental Noise Approach in FY00 Continued**

*  ***Advanced Fan Noise Reduction Concept**
*-  Design a 2-staged low tip speed fan with swept stator vanes and **	**synchrophased fans to obtain active noise cancellation*

*  ***Active Control of Fan Broadband Noise**
*	**- Develop a technique to actively control fan broadband noise*

*Source cross-correlation studies*
# Presentation: 728620

## SI Diamond Technology, Inc.Austin, TX

- Innovation
-   -  SI Diamond utilizes Carbon Field Emission (CFE)  technology for display and
-       microelectronic applications.

- Accomplishments
- Based in Austin, Texas, the firm has a staff of 41 in both corporate and subsidiary
-  operations, and generated revenues in excess of $7 million in  1999
- -SI has won the National Science Foundation's prestigious Tibbets Award,
-  illustrating its track record of excellence in commercializing technologies
-  developed under Federal sponsorship.

- Commercialization
-  -  SI Diamond is the parent company of three wholly owned subsidiaries, Field Emission Picture Element Technology (FEPET), Electronic Billboard Technology (EBT), and Sign Builders of America (SBOA).
-  -   The company utilizes Carbon Field Emission (CFE) technology for display and microelectronic applications. We have two leading CFE product development efforts. The first is a Picture Element Tube (PET) intended for use initially in large indoor displays. If the PET is successful, we expect to enhance it for use in outdoor displays.
- The firm utilizes Carbon Field Emission (CFE) technology for display and microelectronic applications. We have two leading CFE product development efforts. The first is a Picture Element Tube (PET) intended for use initially in large indoor displays. If the PET is successful, we expect to enhance it for use in outdoor displays.
-  -  The firm through its subsidiary, Field Emission Picture Element Technology, Inc. (FEPET) announced that the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization (BMDO) has selected FEPET's proposal entitled "Fully Integrated Millimeter RF Array Using a Carbon Nanotube Cathode" for funding under a Small Business Innovation Research (SIBR) Phase I grant. This was one of 167 proposals selected by BMDO out of 463 submitted. The initial Phase I funding is approximately $50,000. Assuming that Phase I is successfully completed, FEPET will have the opportunity to continue to Phase II implementation of the program, which will provide the opportunity for significant additional funding.

- Government/Science Applications
- Amorphous diamond films are strips of carbon that posses many of the interesting physical properties of diamond, while lacking its periodic atomic arraignment. The attractive features of amorphous diamond include very high hardness, corrosion resistance, optical transparency, high thermal conductivity, a low coefficient of friction and the ability to produce very homogeneous, pinhole-free films. This type of coating could be used on numerous types of surfaces and equipments in order to increase longevity and protect against minor damages.
- The caoting can also be

- Points of Contact:
-    -NASA: Jane Fox- (281)-483-4815
-    -SI Diamond: (512)-339-5020
-    1991 SBIR Phase 2; NAS9-18913;  SS # 09-49

- Johnson Space Center  July 11, 2001  Success Story  09-52

- Electronic Billboard Display
# Presentation: 162927

## Thomas W. Pyle Middle SchoolBethesda, Maryland

- Dr. Robyn Jackson, former Assistant Principal
- Michael J. Zarchin, Principal

- Walking the Talk:  A Courageous Approach to Honoring Diversity

## School Facts

- Public Middle School
- Approximately 1,300 Students
- Bethesda, Maryland (affluent suburb of Washington, D.C.
- 134 Professional Staff (84 Teachers)
- 80% White, 3% African American, 11.4% Asian, 5.5% Hispanic/Latino

## The Crisis

- A pattern of racial intolerance surfaces
- African American students are subjected to racially insensitive/abusive language from white students

## Core Values

- The staff members at Thomas W. Pyle Middle School are committed to:
- Demonstrating a passion for learning
- Encouraging academic and personal growth
- Sustaining a nurturing and respectful environment
- Honoring diversity

## The Problem with Diversity Programs

- Focus on helping white children take on the perspective of minority students without acknowledging their own perspectives
- Invalidate the experiences of white students
- Ignore the stages of white racial identity development
- Offer “off-the-shelf” or canned approaches that are not customized to the school
- Focus on tolerance versus resisting false notions of superiority and embracing diversity
- Often result in creating a backlash against anti-bias efforts and actually cause students to become more entrenched in their resistance to anti-racist ideology

## Three-Pronged Approach

- Staff
- Students
- Other stakeholders

## Staff Initiatives

- County teaching for equity course
- Summer leadership team training
- Study circles
- Staff Development that addresses race, culture, and the achievement gap

## Student Initiatives

- Focus groups and facilitated conversations
- Developing a Character Education Program that focuses on:
-  Developing authentic identities based on personal abilities and            interests
-  Promoting comfortable and empathic interactions with people from other races
-  Identifying and challenging stereotypes, prejudice, and discrimination
-  Building capacity for caring, cooperative, and equitable            relationships with others

## Stakeholder Initiatives

**Study circles**
- 	-  Facilitate honest, productive, discussions
- 	-  Develop greater understanding of cultural differences and the   	effect of race and culture on teaching and learning
- 	-  Create action steps for change
**Community meetings**
-  	    - Share information
-  	    - Seek feedback
-  	    - Promote involvement

## Results

- Awareness
- Dialogue about race

## On-going Challenges

- “The voyage of discovery is not in seeking new          landscapes, but in having new eyes.”
- 					         -  Marcel Proust

## Summary Points

- Key Learning's
- Challenges Ahead
# Presentation: 596107

## Scientific Satellite Data Archives at JAXAKen Ebisawa, K. Matsuzaki, Iku Shinohara, T. Tamura, H. Murakami, Y. Miyashita,  K. Inada, H. Narumi,  S. Fujishima, S. Sobue,  M. Abe, K. Kitazato and  Ken T. Murata Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency

- We will introduce scientific satellite data archiving activities in Japan, being carried out at JAXA.
- Current and past Japanese astronomical, solar and solar-terrestrial satellite data are archived at DARTS (http://darts.isas.jaxa.jp) database.
- JAXA is launching a lunar orbiting mission SELENE (SELenological and ENgineering Explorer) in August 2007.

*Hinode*
- Solar data

*SELENE* lunar
- database

## Database for heliospheric plasma science in cooperation with Bepi-Columbo MMO

- • Bepi Colombo MMO will explore the mercury’ magnetosphere.• Contribution to ILWS is desired.• Collaboration with Solar Orbiter, Sun observations, Cross-Scale mission, etc.• Current Planetary DB (PDS) is not suitable for this topic, and the interoperability with heliospheric plasma science DB is required.• Method to realize the interoperable DB must be considered.• Scope of DB should include not only the public use but also use for the mission team’s data processing.  - Simpler protocols are desired. Mission teams don’t want to be burdened with DB.• Interoperability with neighboring science field is desired.  - Existing DB resources should be inherited.  - It is better to define the I/F methods for interoperability.

- Database for heliospheric plasma science in cooperation with Bepi-Columbo MMO
# Presentation: 727906

## Dogging Sepsis

- Veterinarian Cynthia Otto:               *Tracking Immune Response Gone Haywire*

## Cynthia Otto Stalks Sepsis  

*Veterinarian Otto traces the cellular origins of sepsis.*

*Sepsis*
- Is a full-body reaction to injury or illness
- Arises unpredictably
- May result from blasts of nitric oxide (NO)

*Question:*
- Is NO always harmful to humans?

- Photo: Sabina Louise Pierce

## Answer: No

**NO is full of possibility**

## Normal Immune Response

## Haywire Immune Response: NO Way Out Hypothesis

## Garage Gadget Tests Hypothesis

- FCCC system
- Controls and measures the amount of oxygen that passes over cells
- Testing the link between hypoxia and NO production
- FCCC delivers normal, low, or fluctuating levels of oxygen to cells
- Researchers measure NO and iNOS levels in the cells
- Results suggest intermittent hypoxia can cause inflammation

- Forced-convection cell-culture system
- (FCCC)

- Photo: Alisa Zapp Machalek

## Take a Breath

- When you breathe, oxygen travels

- Through branched passageways in your lungs (blue)
- Through alveoli (yellow)
- Into blood vessels (red)

- Copyright Dennis Kunkel Microscopy, Inc.

## Battle to Breathe

## Animal Models for Human Conditions

*Patient in intensive care unit on a ventilator*

**Otto used anesthetized rabbits to study how ventilators affect alveoli in the collapsed lungs of humans**

- Photo: Chris Gregerson

## Findings: Otto’s Rabbit Experiment

- Oxygen levels fluctuated wildly in the ventilated, anesthetized rabbit.
- The alveoli snapped open and closed with each pump of the ventilator.
- The breathing machine could not maintain the inflated, semi-full structure typical of alveoli in healthy animals or people.
- The continual stress of expanding and deflating alveoli appears to wear them out.
- Ventilators may damage lungs by eroding their cellular fabric.

## Research Applications

- How might Otto’s research of hypoxia and ventilator-associated lung damage be applied to the care of patients who suffer trauma or severe infection?
# Presentation: 008350

## Spatial Distribution and Abundance of 

**Sedimentary Phosphorus in Florida Bay **
**Jia-Zhong Zhang  and Charles Fischer**
** **
- Ocean Chemistry Division, Atlantic Oceanographic & Meteorological Laboratory, NOAA, Miami, FL 33149

**ABSTRACT **
- Applying an improved sequential extraction technique to sediments collected from 40 geographically representative stations in Florida Bay, this study provides the first detailed spatial distribution of total sedimentary phosphorus (TSP) and its partitioning into five chemically distinguishable pools in the surface, fine-grained sediments of the bay. A strong gradient of decreasing TSP concentration was observed from the west (14.6 mol g-1) to east (1.2 mol g-1) across the central bay. The spatial pattern of TSP is consistent with distribution of both seagrass and phytoplankton that are limited by available phosphorus in Florida Bay. Among the five pools, the authigenic carbonate fluorapatite, biogenic apatite and CaCO3-bound phosphorus account for the largest fraction (45%) of TSP, of which inorganic phosphorus is the dominant form, and organic phosphorus accounts for about 30% in the western and north central regions and less than 10% in other areas of Florida Bay. The second largest pools are the refractory organic phosphorus (24% of TSP) and reductant-soluble inorganic phosphorus (19% of TSP). Readily exchangeable phosphorus accounts for 8% of TSP, of which organic phosphorus is 60%.  Detrital apatite phosphorus of igneous or metamorphic origin represents the smallest fraction, only 5% of TSP. Spatial distribution of phosphorus and iron in sediments indicates that external sources of these two essential plant nutrients to Florida Bay are spatially separated with phosphorus introduced by west coast waters across the western margin of Florida Bay and iron from freshwater flow into the eastern region.

- P=0.57Fe
-    R2=0.46

- Support Provided by NOAA’s** **South Florida Ecosystem Restoration Prediction and Modeling Program
# Presentation: 132819

## Beam Studies in the Next Three Weeks (Oct 24 – Mid Nov ‘03)

- Re-commissioning *(Everyone)*
- Beam intensity limit and transfer efficiency *(Everyone)*
- With the new L3 layout
- Raise L13 septum by 1 inch and lower the dogleg current
- Linac beam measurements *(Ellott, Larry, Milorad, Peter L.)*
- 805 MHz bunch length
- Momentum spread
- Beam profile
- 400 MeV line measurement (?)
- DC measurements:
- Orbit, tune, lattice function (beta and dispersion) *(Ray, Eric, Xiaobiao)*
- Chromaticity *(Ray, Francois, Weiren)*
- dp/p = [-0.004, 0.003]
- Test of the spreadsheet
- Longitudinal emittance *(Ray, Weiren)*
- Longitudinal acceptance *(Elliott, Weiren)*
- Transverse emittance turn-by-turn (IPM) *(Ray, Panagiotis, James, Jim Z.)*
- Aperture scan *(Jim L.,Bill P., Eric, Linda)*
- Injection painting *(Jim L., Ray, Weiren)*
- Transverse impedance *(Xiaobiao, Bill N., Weiren)*
- Stop band *(Chuck, Ray)*
- Transverse quadrupole moment *(Jim L.?)*
- Montague resonance (Can we create asymmetric beams?)

## Beam Studies in the Next Three Weeks (cont...)

- AC measurements:
- Orbit, tune, lattice function (beta and dispersion) *(Ray, Eric, Xiaobiao)*
- Chromaticity *(Ray, Francois, Weiren)*
- Test of the spreadsheet
- RF capture *(X. Yang, Jim M.)*
- Longitudinal emittance at 8 GeV *(Ray)*
- Bunch area measurement by dipping RF voltage during the cycle *(Jim N., Ray)*
- Transverse emittance at 8 GeV *(Ray, Panagiotis, James)*
- Transverse emittance tunr-by-turn (IPM) *(Ray, Panagiotis, James)*
- Longitudinal impedance *(Ray, Bill P., Weiren)*
- Transverse impedance *(Xiaobiao, Bill N., Weiren)*
- Transition crossing experiment:
- Phase jump *(Chuck, Kathy, Ray)*
- Chromaticity jump *(Ray, Francois, Weiren)*
- Gamma-t jump *(Bill P., Chuck, Kathy, Jim M., Ray, Weiren)*
- Taking out  1-2 cavities during transition crossing *(Bob, Ray)*
- Coupled bunch instability experiment: *(Ray, Bill P., Dave W., Weiren)*
- Longitudinal beam profile as a function of beam intensity
- Dampers on or off
- Collimator study: *(Eric, Ray, Peter K., Sasha)*
- Loss distribution for different jaw positions

## Beam Studies in the Next Three Weeks (cont...)

- Bunch rotation experiment: *(Bill P., Kiyomi, Milorad, Weiren)*
- Longitudinal beam profile before and after the rotation
- Momentum spread before and after the rotation (?)
- MI-8 line measurement: *(Ming-Jen, Jim L., Ray)*
- Orbit, beta-function, dispersions
- Longitudinal beam profile
- Momentum spread
- Transverse emittance
- Change beam horizontal position (by a few mm) at MP02 at extraction
- BPM reading at the last turn prior to the extraction
- MiniBooNE line measurement: *(Ming-Jen)*
- Momentum spread (dispersion = 17 m)
- Rotated beam experiment
# Presentation: 712701

## BIODIESEL FLEET inPUBLIC WORKS OPERATIONS

- NASSAU COUNTY
- DEPT OF PUBLIC WORKS

- THOMAS R SUOZZI
- COUNTY EXECUTIVE

- RAY RIBEIRO, P.E.
- COMMISSIONER

## NASSAU COUNTYCLEAN AIR AND ENERGY STRATEGIES

-   Renewable Energy
-   Green Building
-   Green Levittown
-   Cool Cities
-   Clean Commute Options
-   Diesel Retrofit Program
-   Vehicle Idle Reduction
-   Alternative Fuels
- E85 Ethanol
- Compressed Natural Gas
- Hybrids
- ULS B20 Biodiesel

## NASSAU COUNTYPUBLIC WORKS FUNCTIONS

-   Engineering
-   Construction Management
-   Contract Administration
-   Building Maintenance
-   Stormwater Management
-   Sanitary Sewers
-   Road Maintenance
-   Fleet Maintenance

## DPW FLEET MAINTENANCE

-   Responsible for 1,105 vehicles
-  667 DPW vehicles
-  438 other depts
-   356 Diesel Vehicles Countywide
-  300 DPW
-  56 in other depts
-   25 Diesel Mechanics
-   16 Diesel Fueling Sites

## DPW FLEET MAINTENANCE

## Biodiesel Deliveries

-   ULS B20 Diesel switch in 2005
-    First BioDiesel delivery on August 15, 2005
-   2005 – 1 Site
-   2006 – 2 Sites
-   2007 – 16 Sites
-   Blanket order with Sprague Energy

## Biodiesel Deliveries

## Biodiesel Challenges in a DPW Fleet

-   Fuel Cost
-   Fueling System Maintenance
-   Vehicle Maintenance

## Biodiesel Challenges in a DPW Fleet

-   Fuel Cost*
-   $2.67 for CNG
-   $2.85 for Gasoline
-   $3.45 for E-85
-   $3.50 for Diesel
-   $3.91 for ULS B-20 Diesel
-   $71,750 annual increase
- $0.41 X 175,000
- * Gallon Equivalent Cost as of April 7, 2008

## Biodiesel Challenges in a DPW Fleet

-   Fueling System Maintenance
-   BioDiesel acts as a detergent agent and actually cleans out tanks.
-   35 fuel filter replacements at diesel pumps to date.
-   Minor material cost increases.
-   Increased labor costs.
-   Increased pump down time.

## Biodiesel Challenges in a DPW Fleet

-   Vehicle Maintenance
- -	400 fuel filter replacements in vehicles to date.
-   35 Fuel tanks have been dropped.
- $200 to $1,000 each
-   Increased material costs.
-   Increased labor costs.
-   Manufacturer Warranties
- B5 vs B20

## So Why use Biodieselin a DPW Fleet?

-   Reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 15%.1
-   Reduce particulate matter emissions by 10%.1
-   Reduce carbon monoxide by 11%.1
-   Reduce unburned hydrocarbons by 21%.1
-   Reduce life cycle petroleum consumption by 19%.2
- 1 (Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, A Comprehensive Analysis of Biodiesel Impacts on Exhaust Emissions.
- According to a study by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory.

## Impact of Nassau County’sBiodiesel DPW Fleet?

- Based on 175,000 gallons of B20 Biodiesel used in 2007 Nassau Co:
-   reduced CO2 by 555,000 lbs
-   reduced CO by 18,000 lbs
-   reduced PM10 by 100 lbs
-   reduced petroleum consumption by 33,000 gallons

## BIODIESEL FLEET inPUBLIC WORKS OPERATIONS

- NASSAU COUNTY
- DEPT OF PUBLIC WORKS
- Ray Ribeiro
- (516) 571-9604
- rribeiro@nassaucountyny.gov
# Presentation: 463458

## GFS .002 behind CMC

***GFS .002 behind CMC***
***        ******.006 behind UKMO***
***        ******.043 behind ECMWF***

***Northern Hemisphere 500 last month***

## GFS .008 behind UKMO

**GFS .008 behind UKMO**
**        ****.043 behind ECMWF**

***Southern Hemisphere 500 last month***

## Day 8 forecasts useful in winter

***Day 8 forecasts useful in winter***
***Skill increased in last 3 years***

***Northern Hemisphere 500 anomaly correlation day 8***

## Not as far behind ECMWF and Met Office 

- Not as far behind ECMWF and Met Office
- As few months ago

***Southern Hemisphere day 5 anomaly correlation***

## Hard to see trend since 2001

***Hard to see trend since 2001***

***Southern Hemisphere day 8 anomaly correlation***

## Improvement last 3 years 

***Improvement last 3 years ***

**NH rmse hgt day 1**

## Improvement last 4 years

***Improvement last 4 years***

**NH rmse hgt day 3**

## Improvement last 4 years

***Improvement last 4 years***

**NH rmse hgt day 5**

## Improvement last 4 years

***Improvement last 4 years***

**NH rmse hgt day 8**

## Days 6-10 tied with ECMWF, 

***Days 6-10 tied with ECMWF, ***
***explain just over half the variance***

## Week 2 GFS just below .6, 

***Week 2 GFS just below .6, ***
***several periods of useful skill***
***Ensemble on average useful skill***

## Improvement last 3 years compared to

***Improvement last 3 years compared to***
***CDAS, ECMWF; other centers improved***
***more***

**SH rmse hgt day 1**

## Improvement relative to cdas 

***Improvement relative to cdas ***
***last 10 years***

**SH rmse hgt day 3**

## Met Office, CMC, FNMOC 

***Met Office, CMC, FNMOC ***
***Improved last few years***

**SH rmse hgt day 5**

## Forecasts useful out to day 8 in Northern Hemisphere winter

***Improvement last few years in Northern Hemisphere***
***Improvement last few years ***
***at days 1 and 3 Southern Hemisphere,***
***Harder to see at longer ranges in Southern Hemisphere***

## Feb. 2008

- Feb. 2007

## GFS large bias, 

- August 2007

**GFS large bias, **
**Relatively poor threat scores February**
**Relatively better threat scores**
**August**

## Prs50h Jan.1–March 25, 2008

**Threat scores slightly negative for parallel;**
**RMS height and wind scores positive**
**AC not significantly different**

## Slide 19

## Slide 20

## Slide 21

## Slide 22

## Slide 23

## Slide 24

## Slide 25

## Slide 26

## Slide 27
# Presentation: 139923

## A WEB BASED ACCELERATOR CATALOGUE

- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory

- Benedict College

- Akuako Kalu
- Benedict College, Columbia, SC
- Junior Computer Science

**A WEB BASED ****ACCELERATOR CATALOGUE**

## Outline

- Fermilab: ICFA Member
- The Accelerator Catalogue Project
- Specifications
- Technical Challenge: Data Persistence
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgements

## Fermilab – ICFA Member

- ICFA: International Committee for Future Accelerators
- Created in 1976
- 16 Members (e.g. KEK, CERN, INFN, SLAC)
- Facilitate international collaboration and exchanges (organizes Workshops and Schools)
- 6 Specialized PanelsThe catalogue is an activity of the Beam Dynamics Panel.

## Accelerator Catalogue

- Existing					Project

-  Paper
-  Every 3 years
-  High Energy
-  1992

-  Database / Web
-  When needed
-  All
-  2005

- Means ?

- Update ?

- What ?

- When ?

## Advantages of a Web Catalogue

- Data can be entered directly by authorized laboratory representatives. This minimizes the potential for errors
- Use of a relational database makes possible interactive searches using user-defined criteria
- Updates can be performed by institutional representatives on a continuous basis, allowing the catalogue to remain current

## Prototype

## Web Interface

## Query / Search Capability

## Technical Challenge

- Group of parameters (injector, magnet, performance, vacuum...)
- One group = one web page

**Data persistence **
**with **
**Statelessness of HTTP ?**

## HTTP: A Stateless Protocol

- HyperText Transfer Protocol
- Machine Language

- Client identification not required
- No persistent connection
- Independent Transactions

## Data Persistence

**GET and POST**: no data storage
**Cookies**: Client-side data storage
**Database Lookup**: Server-side data storage

- Advantage(s):
- Very simple to implement
- Disadvantage(s):
- Maximum 100 characters passed through the URL
- Pass all the parameters on every web page

- Advantage(s):
- No user session ambiguity
- Disadvantage(s):
- User may disable cookies
- Browsers handle cookies differently

- Advantage(s):
- Works with every browser
- Disadvantage(s):
- Mechanism to uniquely identify a user and the data provided

## Session Management

**Web Server: Apache**
**Database: MySql**
**Scripting Language: PHP**

## Conclusion

- Functional Web-application prototype developed
- Search capability
- Future Areas of Research / Improvement:
- Structure database tables
- Plan to migrate from prototype to production version
- User authentication / Security
- User Friendly queries

## Acknowledgements

- Special Thanks:
- SIST Committee: McCrory, Engram, Arns
- Acceleration Division: Ostiguy, Chou, Kriss
- ICFA: Chou, Biscari, Mori, Kim
- Mentor Session Group: McCrory, Vachon
- Davenport
- Fermilab
# Presentation: 947791

## Daily Average Ionization Ratesfrom Solar Protons during GLEs 

- Ionization Rates Computed using Solar Proton Flux Measurements in Energy Deposition Code:GOES-8 for Mar. 1, 1995 – Jun. 18, 2003GOES-11 for Jun. 19, 2003 – Dec. 31, 2006

**Charles Jackman**NASA GSFC*Jan. 6-9, 2009*

## Prediction of Ozone Change for GLE Time Periods* 1) <100 cm-3 s-1  ~0% ozone loss [02.May.1998 & 06.May.1998]2) 100 - 200 cm-3 s-1  ~4-8% ozone loss at 0.5 and 1 hPa[06.Nov.1997, 24.Aug.1998, 15.Apr.2001, 18.Apr.2001, 26.Dec.2001,24.Aug.2002, & 13.Dec.2006]3) >500 cm-3 s-1  >8% ozone loss at 0.5 and 1 hPa [14.Jul.2000, 04.Nov.2001, 28.Oct.2003, 29.Oct.2003, 02.Nov.2003, 17.Jan.2005, & 20.Jan.2005]*Threshold about 100 cm-3 s-1 for any ozone impact(McPeters and Jackman, 1985)

## Daily Average Ionization Ratesaround 06.Nov.1997 Contour intervals 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000, and 10000 cm-3 s-1 

## Daily Average Ionization Ratesaround 02.May.1998 and 06.May.1998 Contour intervals 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000, and 10000 cm-3 s-1 

## Daily Average Ionization Ratesaround 02.May.1998 and 06.May.1998 Contour intervals 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 cm-3 s-1 

## Daily Average Ionization Ratesaround 24.Aug.1998 Contour intervals 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000, and 10000 cm-3 s-1 

## Daily Average Ionization Ratesaround 14.Jul.2000 Contour intervals 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000, and 10000 cm-3 s-1 

## Daily Average Ionization Ratesaround 15.Apr.2001 and 18.Apr.2001 Contour intervals 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000, and 10000 cm-3 s-1 

## Daily Average Ionization Ratesaround 04.Nov.2001 Contour intervals 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000, and 10000 cm-3 s-1 

## Daily Average Ionization Ratesaround 26.Dec.2001 Contour intervals 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000, and 10000 cm-3 s-1 

## Daily Average Ionization Ratesaround 24.Aug.2002 Contour intervals 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000, and 10000 cm-3 s-1 

## Daily Average Ionization Ratesaround 28.Oct.2003, 29.Oct.2003, and 02.Nov.2003 Contour intervals 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000, and 10000 cm-3 s-1 

## Daily Average Ionization Ratesaround 17.Jan.2005 and 20.Jan.2005 Contour intervals 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000, and 10000 cm-3 s-1 

## Daily Average Ionization Ratesaround 13.Dec.2006 Contour intervals 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000, and 10000 cm-3 s-1