# Presentation: 829310

## GALILEO System Update

**Dr. Uwe L. Berkes**
**GALILEO Interim Support Structure – Brussels**
**Presented by ir. Peter A. Grognard,**
**Deputy Chair International, CGSIC**
**Australian CGSIC Meeting **
**February 10-11, 2003 – Melbourne, Australia**

## The Political Context of the GALILEO Program

## The Political Context of GALILEO

**Satellite navigation is considered to become worldwide the primary means for navigation**
**EC and ESA started cooperating in 1995 on the definition and implementation of a****n**** European strategy for GNSS in two stages:**
** ****First stage: EGNOS**** (****1995-200****4)**
** ****Second stage: GALILEO**** (****1999-2008****)**
**Full operational capability of the GALILEO program is foreseen to be reached in 2008**
**Total cost of design, in-orbit validation, and full deployment of GALILEO: 3,4 B€**

## GNSS with GALILEO for Civil Aviation

**Key interests for civil aviation is a GNSS service, relying on redundant, interoperable, and multi-frequency GALILEO and GPS constellations**
**Certifiable for Safety of Life applications**
**Provision of integrity information with the Signal in Space (GPS relies on regional augmentation systems to provide such information)**
**Increased accuracy in vertical and in horizontal direction**
**Greater availability in Northern Latitudes**
**Interoperability with GPS to allow simultaneous use for a robust world-wide GNSS (Availability of both systems together will be up-to 100%)**
**GALILEO is a civil operated system**

## Improvement of GNSS with GALILEO & GPS

- Source: GMV GALILEO and GPS Performance Analysis Report

- Increase of availability with both systems:
- Up-to 100% !

## 
Galileo has been  designed as global system with build-in regional and local enhancement capabilities
Negotiations with the United States  and Russia are underway
Other parties expressed interest and some participated already in the definition studies
Contacts with third countries include Canada, China, Korea, Switzerland
Very positive contacts with Australia (AGCC) which are being followed up

**Galileo has been  designed as global system with build-in regional and local enhancement capabilities**
**Negotiations with the United States  and Russia are underway**
**Other**** parties expressed interest and some participated already in the definition studies**
**Contacts with third countries include Canada, China, Korea, Switzerland**
**Very positive contacts with Australia (AGCC) which are being followed up**

## The Signals and Services provided by the GALILEO System to Users

## The GALILEO Signal Structure

**Galileo will provide 10 signals in the Radio**** ****Navigation Satellite Service (RNSS) allocated frequency band****s****:**
**Two pairs (data & pilot signals) in the ****1164-1215 MHz (E5A and E5B) ****bands**
**Three signals (one split spectrum & one pair) in the ****1215-1300 MHz (E6)**** band**
**Three signals (one split spectrum & one pair) in the ****1559-1592 MHz (E2-L1-E1)**** band**
**One signal for SAR service in the L6 band ( 1544 MHz)**

**L6**

## GALILEO Signal – Services Allocation

- The following signal / service allocation is foreseen:
- The SAR broadcast is transmitted in the 406 MHz and in the L6 (1544MHz) bands

| Navigation Service | Signal Allocation |
| --- | --- |
| Open Services | E5A, E5B, L1	(Id’s: 1,2,3,4,9,10) |
| Commercial Services | E6		(Id’s: 6,7) |
| Safety-Of-Life Services | E5A, E5B, L1	(Id’s: 1,2,3,4,9,10) |
| Public Regulated Services | E6, L1		(Id’s: 5,8) |

## The GALILEO Services

**Navigation Related:**
**Open Service (OS)**
**Commercial Service (CS)**
**Safety-Of-Life Service (SAS)**
**Public Regulated Service (PRS)**
**Non-navigation Related:**
**Search and Rescue Service (SAR)**
**Further:**
**Locally Assisted Service**
**EGNOS Service**
**Combined Services (e.g. GPS, UMTS)**

## The GALILEO Services

- Open Service (OS)
- Free service; no service guarantees; no integrity information
- Commercial Service (CS)
- Managed by service providers; to be paid; value added functions added; integration with GSM, UMTS; service guarantees provided; integrity information through service provider
- Safety-Of-Life Service (SAS)
- Optimized for critical applications (e.g. aircraft, marine, train); integrity information provided; service guarantees provided
- Public Regulated Service (PRS)
- Exclusively for public applications (police, coast guards); very robust; encrypted signal; service guarantees; integrity information
- Search and Rescue Service (SAR)
- Service not related to navigation, but for augmentation of the existing COSPAR-SARSAT system

## GALILEO Open Service

| Coverage |  |  |  |  | Global |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Accuracy (95%) |  |  |  |  | H: 15m
V: 35m | H: 4m
V: 8m |  |  |
| Integrity | Alarm Limit |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Time-To-Alarm |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Integrity Risk |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Continuity Risk |  |  |  |  | 8 x 10-6 / 15 sec |  |  |  |
| Timing Accuracy wrt UTC/TAI |  |  |  |  | Not defined | 50 nsec |  |  |
| Certification/Liability |  |  |  |  | No | No |  |  |
| Availability |  |  |  |  | 99.5% |  |  |  |

| Single Freq. | Dual Freq. |
| --- | --- |

**Not Applicable**

## GALILEO Commercial Service

**The performance data of the GALILEO Commercial Services are at least similar to those of the Open Services**
**The GALILEO Operating Company will determine and guarantee the performances**
**Commercial Services will include:**
**Dissimination of data (500 bps)**
**Broadcasting of two signals separated in frequency from Open Services**
**High precision navigation through local means**
**Utilization of pilot signal for integration of positioning applications and of wireless communication networks**

## GALILEO Safety Of Life Service

| Coverage |  |  |  |  | Global |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Accuracy (95%) |  |  |  |  |  |  | H: 4 m
V: 8 m |  |  |
| Integrity | Alarm Limit |  |  |  | H: 12 m
V: 20 m |  |  | H: 556 m |  |
|  | Time-To-Alarm |  |  |  | 6 sec |  |  | 10 sec |  |
|  | Integrity Risk |  |  |  | 1.5x10-7/150sec |  |  | 10-7/hour |  |
| Continuity Risk |  |  |  |  | 8x10-6/15 sec |  |  | 10-4 - 10-8/hour |  |
| Timing Accuracy wrt UTC/TAI |  |  |  |  |  | 50 nsec |  |  |  |
| Certification/Liability |  |  |  |  | Yes |  |  |  |  |
| Availability |  |  |  |  | 99.8% |  |  |  |  |

- Integrity data for critical level
- Integrity data for non-critical level

- 1

- 2

## GALILEO Public Regulated Service

| Coverage |  |  |  |  | Global |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Accuracy (95%) |  |  |  |  |  | H: 6.5 m
V: 12 m |  |  |  |  |
| Integrity | Alarm Limit |  |  |  |  | H: 12 m
V: 20 m |  |  |  |  |
|  | Time-To-Alarm |  |  |  |  | 10 sec |  |  |  |  |
|  | Integrity Risk |  |  |  |  | 3.5x10-7/150sec |  |  |  |  |
| Continuity Risk |  |  |  |  | 10-5/15 sec |  |  |  |  |  |
| Timing Accuracy wrt UTC/TAI |  |  |  |  |  |  | 100 nsec |  |  |  |
| Certification/Liability |  |  |  |  | Under Analysis |  |  |  |  |  |
| Availability |  |  |  |  | 99% - 99.9% |  |  |  |  |  |

## GALILEO Search And Rescue Service

| Capacity | Each satellite capable to relay signals from 150 simultaneous active beacons |
| --- | --- |
| Forward System Latency Time | Comms from beacon to S&R ground station less than 10 min |
| Quality of Service | Bit Error rate < 10-5 |
| Acknowledgement Data Rate | 6 messages of 100 bits each per minute |
| Availability | > 99% |

## The Architecture of the GALILEO System-GALILEO Space Segment

## The GALILEO Space Segment

**Objective for the constellation design is to provide **_**global**_** services with respect to the navigation signal, the integrity signal and SAR services**
**Constellation shall be very robust even when a satellite fails, in order to maintain service guarantees**
**Constellation shall be as good for the professional areas (e.g. aviation) as for the civil mass markets; this influences the optimization with respect to the visibility**
**Optimization of the constellation has been carried out with respect to affordability**

## 30 satellites in three Medium Earth Orbit MEO planes at 23616 km altitude
1 satellite per orbital plane is a spare
Inclination of orbital planes 56 degrees
One revolution 14 hours 4 min
Ground track repeat 10 days

- 1 satellite per orbital plane is a spare
- Inclination of orbital planes 56 degrees
- One revolution 14 hours 4 min
- Ground track repeat 10 days

**The GALILEO Satellite Constellation**

## GALILEO Horizontal Accuracy

## The GALILEO Satellite

**The GALILEO Satellite**

- Satellite mass: 680 kg
- Satellite power: 1,6 kW
- Navigation payload: 70-80 Kg / 850 W
- Mass SAR transponder: 20 kg

- No apogee-engine
- Attitude & Orbit Control System (AOCS) is able to shift the satellite position within the orbit plane (spare S/C)

## The Architecture of the GALILEO System-GALILEO Ground Segment

## GALILEO Ground Segment

**2 redundant GALILEO Control Centers**
**5 S-Band TT&C Stations (One 13m S-Band antenna per station)**
**9 C-Band Mission Up-link Stations (Four 3.2m C-band antennae per station)**
**26 antennae cover the integrity information of the full constellation, 5 cover the navigation services**
**30 Sensor Stations (each station contains a double receiving chain, one for navigation, one for integrity)**

## The GALILEO Architecture

**The GALILEO Architecture**

**Local Component**
**Demonstrator**

**GROUND CONTROL SYSTEM**

**GROUND MISSION SYSTEM**

**Key Management**** Facility**

**GALILEO Satellite Constellation**

**Walker (27/3/1) + 3 spare**

## The GALILEO Ground Segment Locations

**The locations of the GALILEO ground segment elements are chosen with respect to system security**
**Depending on the criticality and vulnerability of the element, the locations are selected as follows:**
**Control centers on European mainland**
**TT&C, Uplink Stations and Sensor Stations worldwide on European ground and in countries with bilateral agreements (e.g. ESA Network)**
**The protection level of the ground stations will be at least the same as for civil aviation infrastructures**

## Proposed GALILEO TT&C Stations

- Rem.: Utilization of the locations is matter of ongoing assessment

**Kiruna**

**Hartebeesthoek**

## Location of GALILEO TT&C Stations

## Proposed GALILEO Sensor Stations

- Rem.: Utilization of the locations is matter of ongoing assessment

**Yellowknife**

**St. Pierre**

**Rio**

**Santiago**

**Libreville**

**Kiruna**

**Magadan**

**Djibouti**

**Krasnoyarsk**

**Trivand.**

**Masuda**

**Port Moresby**

**Canberra**

**Noumea**

**Rio Grande**

**East-Isl.**

## The Security Policy of the GALILEO System

## The GALILEO Security

**GALILEO is a strategic program with strong economic implications; the system requires adequate protection**
**A GALILEO Security Board has been set-up by the European Commission to deal with the security issues of GALILEO**
**Members of the GALILEO Security Board (GSB) are:**
**The security representatives of all 15 EU countries**
**One security representative of the European Commission**
**One security expert of the European Space Agency as observer**
**One representative of those Countries, which are member of ESA, but which are not members of the EU, as observer**
**The members of the GSB are high level security officers from the governmental organizations**

## The GALILEO Master Schedule

## The GALILEO Master Schedule

## Information and Communication

## The GALILEO Communication

_**Web:**_
**http://europa.eu.int/comm/dgs/energy_transport/galileo**
**http://www.esa.int/navigation**
_**E-Mail:**_
**Contact: tren-galileo@cec.eu.int**