# Presentation: 266776

## Civil Air Patrol - Arizona Wing

**Aerospace Education Program for Senior Members (AEPSM)**** **

**Sky Harbor Composite Squadron 301 AEO, 1LT Tom Lodge Revised June, 2002**

**Chapters ****10 - 17**

## Part 3 The Aerospace Community

**Chap. 10-****	****The Airport**
**Chap. 11-****	****Air Carriers**
**Chap. 12-****	****General Aviation**
**Chap. 13-****	****Business & Commercial Aviation**
**Chap. 14-****	****Military Aircraft**
**Chap. 15-****	****Helicopters, STOL, VTOL, UAVs**
**Chap. 16-****	****Aerospace Organizations**
**Chap. 17-****	****Aerospace Careers & Training**

## 10 The Airport

_**Runway**_
**Most important part of an airport.**
**Can be made of grass, gravel, concrete, or asphalt.**
**Identified by number corresponding to compass direction**
**90 degrees “09”, opposite end 270 degrees “27”**
**White lights at edges and sometimes in middle at night, during day are dashed white line down middle**
**End of runway are red lights**
_**Control Tower**_
**Primary function to control runway**
**Controls movement of aircraft on ground**
**Most airports are uncontrolled (no control tower)**

## 11 Air Carriers

_**Major Air Carriers**_
**Regularly scheduled service (commercial airlines, cargo carriers, regional air carriers - All regulated by FAA**
_**Modern Airliners**_
**Boeing 707-1st commercial jet used in US.  Flew 1958, built until 1979**
**Douglas DC-8-Entered service 1 yr after 707, ended 1972**
**DC-9-Twin jet short/medium range competitor to 737.  MD-80/MD-90 are new versions.**** **
**Boeing 727-Most successful tri-jet**
**737-Twin engine, short/medium haul, most successful jetliner**
**Boeing 747-Largest commercial jet produced, 1st wide-body****,**** Series 400-heaviest commercial aircraft 892K lbs (Antonov An-225-1,322K lbs)**
**Douglas DC-10-2nd jumbo jet-3 engines, MD-11 next generation version**
**Lockheed L-1011-1st commercial aircraft since Electra.**
**Airbus A-300-1st commercial aircraft by Airbus**
**767-1980’s technology small wide-body**

## 11 Air Carriers

_**Major Airliners Continued**_
**757-Designed with 767, standard body, same fuselage diameter as 707, 727, 737, intended to replace 727 however created its own market.**
**A320 - Airbus entry into narrowbody market**
**MD-11 - 1990’s version of DC-10**
**777-1990’s technology twin-engine long range **
**A330/A340-1990’s technology medium/long range **
**A380-New double deck 600 passenger long range - service 2006**
**Boeing Sonic Cruiser - Near supersonic long range medium sized (767) twin engine transport.  Probable service 2008**
_**Air Cargo Carriers**_
**Only carry cargo, no passengers**
**Boeing 747F, DC-10, MD-11, A300, 757, 727, DC-8**

_**Regional Aircraft**_
**Metro III, Beech 99, ATR 72, Dash 8- all turboprops**
**Regional Jets**
**Bombardier CRJ, Embraer 145, Dornier 328, **

## 12 General Aviation

_**General Aviation**_** - All civil aviation other than flying by scheduled air carriers and government agencies**
_**Instructional Aviation**_
**Aircraft specifically use to teach someone to fly.  C-152, Piper Tomahawk, Beech Skipper**
_**Personal Aviation**_
**Use of aircraft other than business or commercial use, 24% all hours flown.  **
**Beech - Sundowner, Sierra, Bonanza**
**Cessna - largest builder of GA 179,500 - 172 Skyhawk, 182 Skylane, 185 Skywagon, 210 Centurion**

## 12 General Aviation

**Mooney - Mooney 201**
**Piper - Malibu, Cherokee, Cruiser, Arrow, Super Cub, Archer**
_**Sport Aviation**_
**Home builts, ballooning, soaring, antique aviation, racing, aerobatics, ultralight**
**First unrefueled nonstop flight around the world - December 14-23, 1986, Dick Rutan & Jeana Yeager**

## 13 Business & Commercial Aviation

_**Business Aviation**_** - Major areas of concern in aviation today: 1) Fuel efficiency; 2) Noise; 3) Cost effectiveness**

_**Executive Aircraft**_

**Multi-engine piston**

**Turboprops**

**Turbofans**

_**Business Aircraft**_

**Transportation (air taxis, charter), agricultural , aerial Advertising, aerial Photography, fire fighting, fish & wildlife, patrol, industrial uses**

## 14 Military Aircraft

**14 Military Aircraft**

_**Bombers**_** - Reach enemy’s homeland and destroy ability to wage war**
**Boeing B-52, B-1, Northrop Grumman B-2 Stealth Bomber**
_**Fighters**_** - Destroys other aircraft, small ground targets**
**Boeing F-15, F/A-18, Northrop Grumman F-14, Lockheed Martin A-10, F-22, F-35 (JSF), F-16, F-117**

_**Combat Aircraft**_

## 14 Military Aircraft

_**Reconnaissance & Observation**_** - Watch an enemy to keep track of what they are doing**
**Lockheed U-2, SR-71, Boeing E-3A AWACS, E-4B, E-8 J-STARS, Lockheed P-3C, S-3A, Northrop Grumman E-2C**
_**Transports & Tankers**_** - Unarmed to support combat aircraft & military assets**
**Lockheed C-5, C-141, C130, Boeing C-17, KC-135, KC-10, VC-25**

_**Noncombat Aircraft**_

## 14 Military Aircraft

_**US Air Force**_** **
**Raytheon T-6 Texan II, Cessna T-37 Tweet, Northrop T-38 Talon, Raytheon T-1 Jayhawk**
_**US Navy**_** **
**Raytheon T-34C Mentor, Boeing T-45 Goshawk, Raytheon T-44 Pegasus**

_**Training Aircraft**_

## 15 Helicopters, STOLs, VTOLs, UAVs

**15 Helicopters, STOLs, VTOLs, UAVs**

_**Attack**_
**Bell AH-1 Cobra (Army & Marines), Boeing AH-64 Apache (Army)**
_**Heavy-Lift **_
**Boeing CH-47 (Army), CH-46 (Navy, Marines), Sikorsky CH-53 (USAF, Navy, Marines), Bell/Boeing V-22 Osprey (Hybrid), Sikorsky H-3 - 1st nonstop flight across Atlantic Ocean 1967**
_**Utility**_
**Bell UH-1 Huey, Sikorsky UH-60 Blackhawk (Army, Navy, AF)**
_**Civilian **_
**Bell 206 Jetranger, Bell 222,  MD 500, Sikorksky S-76**
_**Foreign**_
**Aerospatiale Puma, Dauphin, Agusta 109, MBB 105**

_**Helicopters **_**- In use since end of WWII, very resourceful with limitations:  high maintenance costs, vibrations, high noise levels.  Turbine engines, composite materials advanced helicopter development**

## 15 Helicopters, STOLs, VTOLs, UAVs

_**Short-takeoff-and-landing (STOL) **_**- Defined as ability of an aircraft to clear a 50-foot obstacle within 1500 feet after takeoff and to stop within 1500 feet after passing over a 50-foot obstacle when landing.**
_**Vertical-takeoff-and-landing (VTOL)**_** - Significant design differences to achieve VTOL from STOL.  V-22 Osprey is propeller VTOL.  AV-8B Harrier only VTOL aircraft put to common use in multiple countries.  F-35 JSF Marines VTOL version to replace Harrier. **
_**Unmanned Air Vehicles (UAVs)**_** - Pilotless aircraft used for reconnaissance, electronic warfare, or combat operations.  Used during WWII, widely used in Vietnam.  Computer technology has renewed significant interest today.**

**RQ-1A Predator**

**RQ-5A Hunter**

**RQ-4A Global Hawk**

## 16 Aerospace Organizations

_**Federal Aviation Administration**_
**Air traffic regulation began with Air Commerce act of 1926. Bureau of Air Commerce formed within Dept. of Commerce**
**Civil Aeronautics Act 1938 -  Regulation placed under Civil Aeronautics Authority (established safety & economic policies), Administrator of Aviation (execute safety policies), and Air Safety Board (investigated accidents).**
**Federal Aviation Act 1958 - FAA formed**
**Air Traffic Control**
**Airway Facilities**
**Flight Standards**
**Research & Development**
**Aeronautical Center**
_**National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB)**_
**5 member board appointed by President**
**Responsible for determining cause of any transportation accident.**
_**National Aeronautics & Space Administration**_
**Earth Science, Aero-Space Technology, Space Science, Human Exploration & Development of Space**

_**International Civil Aviation Organization (IACO)**_
**1947 - International organization dedicated to standardization of aviation functions.**
_**Civil Reserve Air fleet (CRAF)**_
**Commercial airliners which have been designated by DoD for use in time of emergency.**
_**Civil Air Patrol**_
**Emergency Services, Aerospace Education, Cadet Programs**
_**Aircraft Owners & Pilots Association (AOPA)**_
**Supports the views and rights of aircraft owners and pilots.**
_**Experimental Aircraft Association (EAA)**_
**Formed to help builders safely construct and fly homebuilt aircraft.**
_**Industry Organizations**_
**Aerospace Industries Association (AIA)**
**General Aviation Manufacturers Association (GAMA)**

## 17 Aerospace Careers & Training

_**Aptitudes and Aerospace Careers**_
**Special talents and natural abilities which a person possesses are called aptitudes.**
**Mechanical, verbal, scientific, manipulative, numerical, administrative, social, artistic.**

_**Academic Institutions**_
**Junior or community colleges - Associate degree**
**Technical/Vocational School - technical education courses**
**Four year college/University - BA, BS, MS, Phd**
**Air Force Schools**
**Air Force Reserve Officer Training Corps. (ROTC)-Bachelors**
**Air Force Academy-Bachelors, Masters**
**Must be 17**
**US Citizen**
**Good moral character, physical condition, scholastic record**
**Unmarried and no dependent children**
**Demonstrated potential for leadership, desire to become a cadet**
**Community College of the Air Force - Associate Degrees**