# Presentation: 659927

## Change is Good!

- NOAA Librarians’ Workshop
- Washington, D.C.
- March 24-28, 2003
**Highlights of Recent Changes to ****AACR2 & MARC21**
- Anna Fiolek, Metadata Librarian
- NOAA Central Library

**Notes:**
Intention of this presentation is just to address, not to go into great details, the recent changes to cataloging rules and MARC21 standards. 

## Acknowledgments

- This presentation is partially based on printed and/or online material being posted or earlier presented by:

*Jean Hirons*
*Steve Miller*
*Steve Sadle*

**Notes:**
I would like to acknowledge some people who’s material I was able to use in preparation of this presentation. 

## Change is Good! Is it really?

**Notes:**
I feel sometimes like this poor fellow, while facing all those overwhelming changes to our way of doing library work. Facing new technology may sometimes be like a battle you have to fight every day. Technology can sometimes be pretty aggressive or maybe just  ... stubborn! 

## What‘s New?

**AACR2 (2002)** has been published!
- loose-leaf format ($87, from ALA)
**Library of Congress Rules Interpretations (LCRI**s) have been updated
- _[Conser Cataloging Manual (CCM)](http://lcweb.loc.gov/acq/conser/issues.html)__[ and Conser Editing Guide (](http://lcweb.loc.gov/acq/conser/issues.html)__[CEG)](http://lcweb.loc.gov/acq/conser/issues.html)__[ ](http://lcweb.loc.gov/acq/conser/issues.html)__have been updated_
**MARC21** changes published in online version of _[Bibliographic formats and standards](http://www.oclc.org/bibformats/)__ that can be found on OCLC home page in  __[Librarian’s Toolbox ](http://www.oclc.org/navigation/toolbox/)_

**Notes:**
Let get to the point and see what has changed in cataloging world. RULES changed and TOOLS changed

## What‘s New?

- _[Cataloger’s Desktop](slide9.xml)__[ ](slide9.xml)__– includes all updated tools, including AACR2 (2002)_
- Published on CD-ROM, 4 issues a year ($627, for 3-4 concurrent users, from LC)
- _[Classification Web](slide9.xml)__[ ](slide9.xml)__–  formerly Classification Plus, now available online_
- ($522, 4 concurrent users, from LC)
- _[Connexion client](http://www.oclc.org/connexion/features/client/)__[ ](http://www.oclc.org/connexion/features/client/)__– _The client interface to OCLC Connexion (coming in June 2003) will provide much of the same cataloging and authorities functionality as the browser interface. For details, see the Connexion Client Preview.

## Librarian’s Toolbox (OCLC home page)

## MARC21 - Bibliographic formats and standards (3rd ed.) online

## LC products and services online

## Cataloger’s Desktop (Interacts with Classification Web & includes all updated cataloging tools)

## Cataloger’s Desktop includes AACR2 (2002 ed.) plus all updated cataloging manuals

## Classification Web - Interacts with LCSH 

**Notes:**
MPVCRV “Piotrek”

## Slide 12

## Connexion client

**Release 1** (June 2003) - includes interactive online functionality along with macros and labels in a Microsoft Windows-based interface.
**Release 2** (3rd quarter 2003) - will include additional online functionality for cataloging electronic resources and performing NACO activities.

## Connexion Client

**Release 3 and future releases -** will add:
- Offline cataloging
- Local files (Set up individual or shared local                              files for use with the client either online or                              offline)
- Batch processing
- Spell check
- Text string
- Label enhancements
- Local accessions list

## New Concepts and Definitions

**Notes:**
New concepts and new definitions came to the world of cataloging  

## New Conceptual Categories

*Bibliographic resources*

***Finite resources**** *

***Continuing resources***

*Monographs*

***Finite integrating ***
***resources***

*Serials*

***Continuing integrating***
*** ******resources***

***Integrating resources***

**Notes:**
To our old concept in cataloging showed in the three crystal clear blue boxes came the concept called INTEGRATING RESOURCE. The GRAY area we didn’t know what to do with. 

## Bibliographic Resource

- An expression or manifestation of a work or an item that forms the basis for bibliographic description
- A bibliographic resource may be tangible or intangible.

**Notes:**
Have the handout with previous diagram handy while we are going through the definitions. You will have a better idea what I am talking about.

## Continuing and Finite Resources

**Continuing Resource:**
- A bibliographic resource issued over time with no predetermined conclusion
- Includes serials and ongoing integrating resources

## Continuing and Finite (cont.)

**Finite Resource:**
- No formal definition; by implication the opposite of “continuing”
- A bibliographic resource issued once or over time with a predetermined conclusion (completed within a finite number of parts or iterations)
- Includes monographs and finite integrating resources (i.e., multivolume monographs, Conference Web sites, etc.)

**Notes:**
i.e., Ongoing two-year project’s home page, etc.

## Monograph and Serial

-  _[Monograph](slide25.xml)__[:](slide25.xml)_
- A bibliographic resource that is complete in one part or intended to be completed in a **finite** number of parts
- Examples include books, e-books, online documents
- _[Serial:](slide27.xml)_
- A **continuing** resource issued in a succession of _discrete_ parts, _usually_ bearing numbering, that has _no predetermined conclusion_
- Examples include journals, magazines, electronic journals, continuing directories, annual reports, newspapers, and monographic series

## Serial Definition - Clarification

- What do we mean by:
- Discrete? (Separate parts/issues)
- Usually? (but sometimes is unnumbered, i.e., unnumbered series or first issue is not designated)
- No predetermined conclusion?
-   (No obvious finiteness)

**Notes:**
Finiteness - fajnajtnes

## An Integrating Resource (IR) is:

- A bibliographic resource that is added to or changed by means of updates that **do not remain discrete** and are integrated into the whole
- Integrating resources can be either **finite** or **continuing**
- Examples include updating loose-leafs and updating Web site iterations
**Iteration** is an instance of an integrating resource, either as first published or after it has been updated

## Continuing and Finite IRs

- _[Continuing  integrating resource:](slide28.xml)_
- Issued over time in a **series of iterations** with no predetermined conclusion
- Most integrating resources are continuing
- _[Finite  integrating resource:](slide26.xml)_
- Issued over time with a predetermined conclusion; intended to be completed in a **finite number of iterations** (i.e., multivolume monographs, Conference Web sites, our Data Rescue Project, etc.)

## Categories of electronic resources

*Electronic resources*

***Non-updating ***
***Electronic ***
***Resources:***
***Finite, static, ***
***unchanging,***
***digital objects: ***
***electronic documents, ***
***Images, sound files, ***
***etc., that remains ***
***as fixed, discrete ***
***entities****** ***

***Updating Electronic ***
***Resources:***
***Ongoing, dynamic, ***
***changing  Web sites, ***
***databases, ***
***and e-documents ***
***where new content ***
***replaces old content ***
***& former ‘iterations’******  ***
***are not retained as ***
***discrete parts**** *

***Electronic ***
***serials:***
***Ongoing, ***
***changing, ***
***serially issued ***
***e-resources that ***
***retain discrete ***
***parts, ***
***usually numbered***

***Finite****** ***
***(updated for limited time)***

***Ongoing ***
***(updated indefinitely)***

***Finite***

***Continuing***

***Monographs***

***I******ntegrating***

***Serials***

**Notes:**
Green concept has been implemented

## Finite Resource - Monograph

## Finite Integrating Resource 

## Continuing Resource - Electronic Serial

## Continuing Integrating ResourceUpdating Web Site 

## Continuing Integrating Resource Updating Database

## Change is Good!

**Highlights of changes in AACR2 (2002)**
**Chapter 9 and 12**

## Changes to Chapter 9 	

- Called: **Electronic Resources **
- Sources of information broadened to entire resource
-  **Electronic resource** in GMD (245 $h)
- (before called  “computer file”)
- Use of conventional terms in SMD (specific material description), field 300
- i.e., 1 CD-ROM , 4 CD-ROMs (There is **no 300 field in MARC record for remote resources**)

**Notes:**
Liselle pointed to me a provision about using those new conventional terms in 300 field for accompanied electronic resource, you still may use 1 computer optical disk, since it didn’t changed in book format (chapter 2) only in electronic resources (chapter 9)

## Changes to Chapter 12 	

- Called: **Continuing Resources **(used to be for serials)
- Now it covers rules for _**serials**_ and _**integrating resources**_
- In this chapter, rules include provisions for and examples of electronic resources
- Each area ends with a rule for changes in that area
- New and revised definitions in glossary

## Changes to Chapter 12 (cont.) 

- Some finite resources can be cataloged as serials (those that appear periodically but with a definite ending)
- Descriptive rules include more provisions for minor changes over time and allow more flexibility (More changes in serial title  are considered minor)
- Reason - fewer new records due to title changes

**Notes:**
Here are some examples of Finite resources cataloged as serials: reports within of particular project (five-year project, multivolume publication – field related, encyclopedic type of publication – multiyear venture – covering, i.e. marine biology. We know it will come to the end, we might not now, or know when it will end. Has some predetermine end notions. 

## AACR2 (2002) on Integratingresources 

- First time rules have been included for loose-leafs, Web sites, and _[databases](slide29.xml)_
- Entry convention of **latest** or **integrated entry**  is applied (In both changes made to one record)
- Cataloging is serial-like (i.e., using < >, $v, other serial fields)
- Using integrated entry convention (to update the description (record) to reflect the latest iteration)

**Notes:**
Latest entry vs. successive entry - valid again. Integrated entry is something new to recognize. 

## Continuing Integrating Resource – MARC Bibliographic Record

**Notes:**
No comma ending 260 

## Slide 36

**Notes:**
Notice, we assign call number, material type and location. Notice also 793 local title field (handouts in folder); 856 40/1/2 how to (handouts in folder)

## New Concept of Major/Minor Changes   

- _New terminology:_
**Major change**: a change that requires a new record
**Minor change**: a change that may be recorded as a note or that may result in a change in the description, as considered important
- _Concept behind:_
- Fewer new records
- Fewer new ISSN
- Harmonization effort among AACR2, ISSN, ISBD (International Standards for Bibliographic Description)
- _Major/Minor change rules apply to __**all**__ bibliographic resources, except integrating resources (21.1A1)_

**Notes:**
Harmonization – if new ISSN has been assigned then it should be new record and 

## Major Changes 

- Main entry changes
- Translated serial undergoes change in original title
- Change in corporate body used as uniform title qualifier
- Major change in title proper
- Change in physical format (still under discussion)
- Major change in edition statement (CD-ROM ed., Internet ed.)

**Notes:**
Two different editions paralleled published book ed. Vs. cd-rom ed., or online ed.
You will add uniform title for second, and third

## Major Changes in Title Proper  - 1st Five Words (21.2A1)

- addition, deletion, change, or reordering of any of the first five words (minus initial article)
- The mining review             The mining and industry review
- change after the first five words that change the meaning of the title or indicate different subject matter
- The best bed & breakfast in the world
-    The best bed & breakfast in the United States

## Major Changes in Title Proper – Change in Corporate Body 

- Major change in the name of a corporate body (i.e., new heading needed) recorded as part of the title proper
- Reports of the Institute of High Speed Mechanics, Tohoku University
- Reports of the Institute of Fluid Mechanics, Tohoku University

**Notes:**
Main entry corporate body? Scope of the title changed from high speed to fluid mechanics. I would say, title has changed

## Minor Changes in Title Proper (21.2A2)

- Corporate body added or deleted anywhere (new)
- Docket sheet               Docket sheets of the Supreme Court of the United States
- Biennial report           Biennial report to the superintendent of the Coast and Geodetic Survey

## Other Changes Related to Title Proper (don’t include introductory phrase)

- MARC record** Before**
- 	 245 00   Better homes and gardens presents Christmas crafts for ...
- 	 246 30  Christmas crafts for ...
- 	 260       New York, NY : $b Better Homes and Gardens 							Pub. Co.,
- 	 300       v. : $b ill. ; $c 28 cm.
- 	 500       Published in San Francisco, 2001-
-      500       Description based on: 1998; title from cover.
-      936      2001 (LIC)

## Other Changes Related to Title Proper (don’t include introductory phrase) cont.

- MARC record **After:**
- 	245 00   **Christmas crafts for** ...
-     246 1   $i Title appears on cover as: $a Better homes and gardens Christmas crafts for ...
- 	260       New York, NY : $b Better Homes and Gardens Pub. Co. **{no comma}**
- 	500       Description based on: 1998; title from cover.
- 	500     **Latest issue consulted: 2001.**

## Other Changes (Changes in Numbering)

- No more new records for numbering changes
- Examples:
- No. 1-no. 6 ; [new ser.], no. 1-
- No. 1-no. 6 ; [new ser.], no. 1-no. 3 ; [3rd ser.], no.1-
- No. 1-no. 6 ; [2nd ser.], no. 1- ; -3rd ser., no. 104 ;
- 4th ser., no. 1-

**Notes:**
Reason – harmonization with ISSN

## Other Changes (Publisher)

-  Publisher can no longer be abbreviated           to, i.e., The Dept., when given in statement of responsibility
- 		245 00  ... / $c Dept. of Finance, Bureau of Records and Statistics.
-         	260     Washington : $b Dept. of Finance, Bureau of Records and Statistics

**Notes:**
Reason: need for searchability within publisher statements

## Other Changes (Punctuation in 260)

-  Don’t give ending comma when no $c
- 		260   Washington, DC : $b Library of Congress
-  Don’t give incomplete brackets, even           when field is not complete
- 		260    Washington, DC : $b Smithsonian Institution, 			$c [1989]-  {first issue in hand}

## Other Changes (Notes)

- Latest issue consulted note
- 			(Used to be 936   Vol. 1, no. 1 (May 1992) LIC)
- 	Examples:
- 	362 0   Vol. 1, no. 1 (May 1990)-
- 	**500     Latest issue consulted: Vol. 3, no. 1 (May  1992).**
- 	500    Title from cover.
- 	362 1  Began in 1987.
- 	500     Description based on: Vol. 1, no.3 (Mar. 1990); title from caption.
- 	**500   Latest issue consulted: Vol. 10, no. 1  (Jan. 1999).**

**Notes:**
Field 936 is now obsolete

## New: Use of MARC21 control field 006for continuing integrating resources

- New codes for integrating resources implemented in Serials 006 as of Dec. 2002 (S/L- type of entry – successive/latest/integrated, coded respectively  0/1/2)
- 006 to be used in all records for IR until implementation of BLvL code “**i**” in Leader  (OCLC plans to implement this before July 2003)

## New: MARC21 codingfor continuing integrating resources

- 008/18 - Fixed field elements/Frequency
- new value added **“k” - Continuously updated**
- 008/21 - Type of continuing resources
- new value added    **“d”   - Updating database                                                                  ****	****	****	****   “l”     - Updating loose-leaf                                                              ****	****	****	****   “w”   - Updating Web site**
- 008/34 - Entry convention
- new value added    “**2”     - Integrated entry**
- Record cataloged under its latest  (most recent) title and/or responsible person or body

## NEW: Use of MARC21 tags for continuing resources

- Consistent use of MARC tags for _**all **_continuing resources, whether serial or integrating:
- 310 Current frequency
- 321 Former frequency
- 362 Dates of publication notes
- 247 Former title proper
- 547 Former title complexity notes

**Notes:**
Our good old 247 field came back to fewer. It may be used for all continuing resources serials and integrating.

## Change is Good! Oh, yeah!