# Presentation: 088000

## WICI Presentation to FLEWUG

- Application of “Soft” & “Hard” Technology to Improve Capacity & Quality in Land Mobile Radio Networks
- June 13, 2000

- <footer>Enlightening ideas to wireless solutions

## Agenda

- Lumenix Corporate Overview
- VRI Corporate Overview
- Case Study - Nextel Communications
- Soft & Hard Technology Application
- Conclusion

## Lumenix Corporate Capabilities

- Technical & Business Consulting
- Strategic Wireless Planning
- Wireless Program Management
- Modeling & Simulation
- IV&V
- Technical Training & Customer Support

**  ****Information Technology**
- Specialized Software Development
- ASP System Architecture
- Database Management
- System Design & Integration

**Wireless Engineering**
- Commercial Wireless Networks
- Public Safety Network Design
- Radio Network Optimization
- Voice & Data Wireless Design
- Wireless LAN, WAN, PBX

**Wireless Data Applications**
- Geolocation & Mobile Data Messaging
- Enabling Wireless Web Sites
- Wireless Corporate Portals
- Specialized Application Development (WAP, Palm OS, CDPD, others)

## VRI Corporate Capabilities

**Information Technology**
- Information Systems Planning
- Requirements Definition
- Technology Evaluation
- Data Quality Engineering
- System Design & Development
- System Installation

**  ****Clients**
- Department of Defense
- Department of Treasury
- Department of Health & Human Services
- OPIC
- States
- Commercial

- SIMPLIFY

- SOLVE

- SUSTAIN

- SATISFY

**Analysis & Consulting**
- Policy Development
- Modeling & Simulation
- Economic Analysis
- Re-Engineering
- System & Operational Effectiveness

**Enterprise Support**
- Program Management
- Customer Support & Training
- Web Server Hosting
- System Testing Laboratories
- Database Administration
- Systems Administration

## Case Study Nextel Specialized Mobile Radio (SMR)

- Nextel SMR network similar to LMR public safety radio network
- Original SMR network design (prior to 1990)
- High power/large coverage area base station design
- Five and ten channel – low capacity networks
- Current SMR network design (1990 to present)
- Low powered, smaller coverage area base station design
- Radio channel aggregation per market
- Extensive co-channel reuse per market to increase capacity
- Site-to-site “hand-off” incorporated into network

## “Soft” and “Hard” Technology Application

*Soft Technology*
- Radio channel aggregation
- Tower top LNA application
- Convention directional antennas
- Frequency reuse and cell splitting

*Hard Technology*
- Trunked LMR implementation
- Smart antenna technology
- Improved vo-coder to 6.25 MHz channel
- Multi-band radios

## LMR Channel Aggregation

- Independent radio channel management per bureau/agency
- Traditionally required for security of mission critical activity
- Low carrying capacity due to limited channel availability
- Channel sharing requires extensive radio unit programming
- Department/agency channel aggregation
- Centralize frequency management
- Overcome political barriers to channel aggregation
- Greater carrying capacity of network

## Channel Trunking Capacity Analysis

**Channel Trunking ****Capacity Analysis**

| Radio channels | 5 | 15 | 25 | 35 | 50 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Total Erlangs | 1.66E | 9.01E | 17.5E | 26.4E | 40.3E |
| # of 15 second calls per hour | 396 | 2,146 | 4,167 | 6,293 | 9,584 |

- Assumptions
- 15 seconds average communication duration
- Erlang table with 1% blocking

## Alternative “Soft” Technology Applications

- Tower top low noise amplifier
- Uplink radio coverage imbalance (additional Rx sites)
- Improve Rx reception quality from 4-7dB
- Reduce Rx site requirements
- Increase co-channel reuse per market/region
- Reduce base station power
- Reduce base station height
- Add additional base stations
- Incorporate directional antennas
- Reduce distance-to-reuse (D/R)
- Increase system capacity

## Typical Conventional LMR Network Diagram

**Typical Conventional ****LMR Network Diagram**

- x

- x

- x

- x

- x

- x

- x

- x

- x

- x

- x

- x

## Typical Conventional LMR Network DiagramWith Tower Top LNAs

- x

- x

- x

- x

- x

- x

- x

- x

## Omni Directional Antenna Base Station Design

## Directional Antenna Base Station Design

**Directional Antenna ****Base Station Design**

## LMR Channel Reuse Design Architecture

- Tx Coverage
- Rx Coverage

## “Hard” Technology LMR Applications

- Trunked radio networks
- Increased network capacity (channel aggregation required)
- Interoperability enhancements
- Interconnection to PSTN (Public Switch Telephone Network)
- Improved features
- Channel privacy
- One-to-one, one-to-all, one-to-talk group communication
- Channel queuing
- Priority access for immediate channel access

## “Hard” Technology LMR Applications (cont.)

- Improved APCO 25 vo-coder for capacity enhancement
- Double capacity over current 12.5 MHz channel
- Multi-band LMR radio technology
- 30-50 MHz
- 136-178 MHz
- 403-470 MHz
- Smart antenna technology
- Uplink and downlink improvement of 5-8 dB
- Multi-antenna “beam streaming” array design
- Integration with manufacturer requirement
- Channel capacity and quality improvement

-   450-520-MHz
-   800 MHz
-   900 MHz

-  New 700 MHz band

## Smart Antenna Architecture & Performance

## Conclusions

- Develop best suited short-term and long-term strategic approach to enhance network capacity and quality
- Pursue bureau/agency channel aggregation
- “Soft” technology application
- Channel aggregation
- LNA deployment
- Directional antennas
- Cell splitting and frequency reuse

## Conclusions (cont.)

- “Hard” technology application
- Deploy trunked networks
- Upgrade to 6.25 MHz vo-coder
- Multi-band radios
- Smart antennas
- Cooperative support from radio manufacturers
- Lobby for new frequency allocation

## Contact Information

**Lumenix**
- Rick Burke
- 7611 Little River
- Turnpike, Ste. 404W
- Annandale VA 22003
- rburke@lumenix.com
- www.lumenix.com

**Vector Research Inc.**
- Kirit Amin
- 901 S. Highland St.
- Arlington, VA 22204
- amink@vrinet.com
- www.vectorhome.com