# Presentation: 437813

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**Notes:**
Addressing Health Disparities in HIV/AIDS:Where We Are with MSM
Richard J. Wolitski, PhD
Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention
National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

The findings and conclusions expressed in this presentation are those
of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of
the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

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**Notes:**
HIV/AIDS Inequities in the US

MSM of all races/ethnicities
African American women and men
Latino men and women
American Indian and Alaskan Native men and women
API men
Transgender persons

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**Notes:**
Health Inequities Affecting MSM
There is growing recognition that MSM are at risk for multiple health inequities.

Childhood sexual abuse, substance use, mental health disorders, STDs, and partner violence exist at higher levels among MSM, and have been shown to be associated with increased HIV risk. 

MSM of color are at increased risk for some health problems.

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**Notes:**
This graph shows the trends, by transmission category, in the number of new HIV/AIDS cases diagnosed from 1994 through 2005 among adults and adolescents in 25 states. For each of those years, the largest number of cases was in men who have sex with men (MSM).

Throughout the late 1990s, the number of cases attributed to male-to-male sexual contact declined steadily. However, from 1999 through 2005, the number of new cases attributed to that transmission category increased.

Note:
1)  The age category for adults and adolescents comprises persons aged 13 years and older.
2)  The 25 states that have had laws or regulations requiring confidential name-based HIV infection reporting since at least 1994: Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Idaho, Indiana, Louisiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nevada, New Jersey, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming.
3)  In this presentation, the term HIV/AIDS is used to refer to 3 categories of diagnoses collectively: (1) a diagnosis of HIV infection (not AIDS), (2) a diagnosis of HIV infection with a later diagnosis of AIDS, and (3) concurrent diagnoses of HIV infection and AIDS.

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**Notes:**
The racial/ethnic distribution of HIV/AIDS cases among men who have sex with men (MSM) has changed over time. In the 25 states with confidential name-based HIV reporting since 1994, the proportion of non-Hispanic white MSM decreased from 53% to 45% of all MSM with HIV/AIDS. The proportion of non-Hispanic black MSM with HIV/AIDS increased slightly—from 40% to 42%. The proportion of Hispanic MSM with HIV/AIDS nearly doubled—from 6% in 1994 to 11% in 2005.
Although the number of HIV/AIDS cases in all American Indian/Alaska Native MSM is small, the proportion of cases in American Indian/Alaska Native MSM nearly doubled (from 0.4 to 0.7%), and the proportion of cases in Asian/Pacific Islander MSM nearly quadrupled (0.3 to 1.1%).
Note:
The age category for adults and adolescents comprises persons aged 13 years and older.
The 25 states that have had laws or regulations requiring confidential name-based HIV infection reporting since at least 1994: Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Idaho, Indiana, Louisiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nevada, New Jersey, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming.
In this presentation, the term HIV/AIDS is used to refer to 3 categories of diagnoses collectively: (1) a diagnosis of HIV infection (not AIDS), (2) a diagnosis of HIV infection with a later diagnosis of AIDS, and (3) concurrent diagnoses of HIV infection and AIDS.

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**Notes:**
Adapted from Tom Coates’ talk

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