# Presentation: 185937

## From EOS, through NPP, to NPOESS: 

**The Satellite Climate Data Record**

**James Gleason**
**James Butler**
**NASA Goddard Space Flight Center**

## NPP Data Products

** ****Dr. Gleason is a research scientist at Goddard Space Flight Center.  He received his Ph.D. in Chemistry from the University of Colorado, performing laboratory gas phase kinetic studies.  He has done atmospheric remote sensing with the SBUV/TOMS instruments and has served as the EOS Aura Project Scientist.  **
** ****Dr. Gleason is the Principal Investigator of the Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) data product from OMI on EOS Aura.  Dr. Gleason completed a 3 year detail to NASA Headquarters as the Tropospheric Chemistry Program Manager. **
** ****Dr. Gleason is a member of the EOS OMI and NPP Science Teams and a member of the ESA Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) Science Advisory Group**

**Dr. James Gleason**
**NPP Project Scientist**
**NASA GSFC**

## From EOS, through NPP, to NPOESS: 

**The Satellite Climate Data Record**

**James Gleason**
**James Butler**
**NASA Goddard Space Flight Center**

##   Research 

**Instruments Operational Data to Climate Data**

**  ****Research **

**Operations**

**Traditional**
**Demonstrate New Measurements**
**Show Improvements to Forecast**
**Implement new measurements on “operational” platforms**
**Send new data to NWP centers**

**Traditional**
**Ad-Hoc Operational Data Set Improvement**
**Limited by operational algorithms and instrument calibration**
**Future**
**NPOESS Paradigm**
**Build “research” features into operational instruments**
**Strong IORD Requirements**

**Climate **

## Research to Operations to Climate

**Pre Nunn-McCurdy: **
- 	NPOESS Convergence of 3 systems
- 		DoD Operational
- 		DOC Operational
- 		NASA/NOAA Climate
**Post Nunn-McCurdy:**
-   NPOESS Convergence of 2.5 systems
- 	DoD Operational
- 	DOC Operational
- 	Partial NASA/NOAA Climate
- 		“Climate-only” sensors de-manifested
**IORD Requirements still valid**
**The challenge of converting operational data to climate data remains**

## Slide 6

## OMPS Limb sub-system de-manifested

-   Produced high resolution O3 profiles

## 17 potential CDRs

**8 with Pre-EOS Data Records**

**Cloud Cover,**
**Cloud Height,**
**Ocean Color,**
**Vegetation Index,**
**SST,**
**Sea Ice,**
**Atm Temp,**
**Ozone**

- Land Surf Temp, Surface Type,
- Surface Albedo, Snow Cover,
- Cloud OT, CTT, Atm Moist Prof,
- Aerosol AOT, Aerosol Part. Size

## NPP/NPOESS Continues Data Record 

- Year

- Measurement System

_**Conventional Operations**_**   **_**EOS Technology Jump**_**   **_**Research Quality Operations**_

## MSU Tropospheric Temperature Trends

** ****Zou et al., ****JGR-Atm,  111 (D19): D19114 OCT 14 2006**

**MSU Tropospheric Temperature Trends**

## Global Trend Compared to Data from SSU/MSU and Radio Sondes

**Trend vs Data**

**GHG Contribution**

**Ozone Contribution**

- Figures from Shine et al,
*Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc.,* **129**, 1565 , 2003

## ATMS/CrIS Sensors Produce Atmospheric Temp/Humidity Profiles 

- ATMS/CrIS Sensors Produce Atmospheric Temp/Humidity Profiles

**CrIS Swath 2200km**

- RDRs

- EDR Algorithms

- Decode Spacecraft Data

- SDR Algorithms

- ±50° Cross track Scans

- • CrIS
- • ATMS

- 3x3 Array of CrIS FOVs (Each at
- 14-km Diameter)

- 1.25-Orbit Data Dump

- Central or Regional Ground Stations

*RDR = Raw Data Record*
*SDR = Sensor Data Record*
*EDR = Environmental Data *
*            **Record*

- SDRs

- RDRs

- EDRs

**ATMS Swath 2500km**

- Co-located ATMS SDRs

## Temperature & Water Vapor Profiles 

- Temperature & Water Vapor Profiles

**Advanced Technology ****Microwave Sounder **
**Scanning passive microwave radiometer**
**Combines 3 instruments **
- AMSU A1 / A2, MHS
**22 channels  (23GHz  - 183GHz)**
_**Status**_
**Flight Unit on Spacecraft**

**Cross-Track Infrared Sounder**
**Michelson Interferometer**
**3 bands (3.5 ****μ****m - 16 ****μ****m)**
_**Status**_
**Flight Unit Failed Vibration Test**
** ****~1 year delay in delivery**

## Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite

- Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite

_**Description**_
_**Purpose:**_**  Global observations of land, ocean, & atmosphere parameters at high temporal resolution (~ daily)**
_**Predecessor Instruments:**_** AVHRR, OLS, MODIS, SeaWiFS**
_**Approach:**_**  Multi-spectral scanning radiometer (22 bands between 0.4 ****μ****m and 12 ****μ****m)  12-bit quantization**
_**Swath width:**_**  3000 km**

_**Status**_
**EDU Finished T/Vac testing**
**Flight Unit #1 Development continues**
**Working issues identified in EDU T/Vac**

## Ozone Mapping Profiler Suite

_**Description**_
_**Purpose:**_**  Monitors the total column and vertical profile of ozone**
_**Predecessor**_** **_**Instruments:**_**TOMS, SBUV, GOME, ****OSIRIS, SCIAMACHY**
_**Approach:**_**  **
**   ****Nadir push broom **
**   ****CCD  spectrometers**
_**Swath width:**_** 2600 km**
_**Algorithm Status**_**: Use ****TOMS/SBUV heritage ****approaches for Nadir ****Instruments**

_**Status**_
**Brass Board Main Electronics Box complete**
**Flight Unit #1 Assembly underway**
**Limb Sub-System ****De-manifested**

## NASA/NOAA Satellite Total Ozone 

## Multi-Instrument Ozone Profile Data 

- Limb Scatter data shows good agreement with
- past and current ozone profile data.
- OSIRIS data courtesy of University of Saskatchewan

## Ozone Trend Analysis 

- Total
- Ozone

- Integrated
- Profile
- Ozone

**Figure from Yang et al, JGR-Atm 111, D17309, 2006**

## Ozone Profile Trend Analysis 

- Lower
- Stratosphere
- N Mid Lat

- Lower
- Stratosphere
- Tropics

- OMPS Limb enables use of stratospheric ozone as a diagnostic for global change understanding

** ****O****3**** figure from Yang et al, JGR-Atm 111, D17309, 2006**

## NASA’s NPP Science Role

**Climate data record (CDR): “a time series of measurements of sufficient length, consistency, and continuity to determine climate variability and change.” (NRC: CDRs from Env. Sat. 2004)**
**“****CDR“ Definition of Consistent:**
**all temporal sensor artifacts removed**
**no obvious interannual discontinuities unattributable to natural variability**
**all known mission-dependent biases removed or quantified**
**similar data quality and structure**
**The NPP Science Charter is to: *****Continue the scientific data record started in the “EOS era.”***
**NASA is moving toward “Measurement-based”, not “Mission-based,” science and data processing teams.**
**Integrated EOS/NPP/NPOESS Satellite data records will be produced.**

## Backup Slides

## OMPS Scanning Track

## Satellite vs Ground-based Total Ozone 

- Satellite vs Ground-based Total Ozone

## VIIRS Relative to AVHRR and MODIS

**VIIRS replaces the paddle wheel mirror on MODIS with a rotating telescope (SEAWIFS) and a half-angle mirror design. (Less scattered light than MODIS)**
** ****VIIRS has the solar diffuser and solar diffuser monitor as on MODIS but not the spectroradiometric calibration assembly.**
**VIIRS does not have the 0.94 mm water bands, the 6.7 mm water vapor bands and the longwave CO2 bands.  All of which have been used for cloud products.**

**VIIRS Relative to AVHRR and MODIS**

## MSU Tropospheric Temperature Trends

** ****C. A.  Mears et al.,  Science  309, 1548 -1551 (2005)    **

**MSU Tropospheric Temperature Trends**