# Presentation: 281725

## Building Energy CodesBuilding on Success

- John P Millhone
- Program Manger
- Weatherization and Intergovernmental Program
- U.S. Department of Energy

**Notes:**
Thank you.  It is an honor to join you at this year’s National Workshop on State Building Energy Codes.  And what a pleasure it is to be here in Atlanta!  The show gets better each year!

A “special thanks” goes to:
Ted Miltiades from the Georgia Department of Community Affairs
Tim Eastling from our Atlanta Regional Office for Codes 
Jim Powell, who is Director of the Atlanta Regional Office

Also a “big thanks” to all others who were involved in making this happen:
From our DOE Regional Office Staff:  Dan Strout, John Devine, Molly Dwyer, Doug Seiter, Karine Shamlian, and Darren Stevenson
From our PNNL Team:  Terry Shoemaker, Rosemarie Bartlett and Shannon Butler
From our Headquarters Staff: Mark Bailey, Ron Majette, Teresa Carroll and Jean Boulin, 

It is an exciting time for my Office and for the energy efficiency and renewable energy technologies that we support.  I would like to take this opportunity to offer a few remarks on where our office is headed and what some of our priorities are for the future. I'll do my best to describe the Federal and state roles, particularly in building energy codes.  And I want to leave time for any questions or discussion you may want.

## National Energy Policy

- Six strategies
- Aggressively reduce demand employing energy efficiency technologies and encourage sound conservation measures
- Increase energy supply, with special emphasis on domestic supply.
- Maintain a diversity of primary energy sources, to enhance energy security.

**Notes:**
The President's Energy Policy envisions six general strategies to guarantee America's continued growth and prosperity:

    * First, we will aggressively reduce demand by employing energy efficiency technologies and encourage sound conservation measures as essential components of our energy policy.
	More than half of the Plan's 105 recommendations, 54 of them to be exact, pertained to the importance of improving this Nation's energy efficiency and expanding our use of clean energy sources.  We are still committed to reducing energy costs and improving energy efficiency in the buildings that house our homes and businesses.

    * Second, we accept the fact that even the most aggressive energy efficiency and conservation programs will not, by themselves bring domestic supply and demand closer into balance. We must also increase energy supply, with special emphasis on domestic supply.

    * Third, to enhance energy security, we must maintain a diversity of primary energy sources.

## National Energy Policy

- Six strategies
- Upgrade our national energy infrastructure to deliver energy from the source to the consumer.
- Simultaneously building on our successful record of environmental protection.
- Prepare for a future that moves us beyond current thinking about the sources and uses of energy.

**Notes:**
* Fourth, we must dramatically upgrade our national energy infrastructure to deliver energy from the source to the consumer.

    * Fifth, we must accomplish these strategies while simultaneously building on our successful record of environmental protection.

    * And sixth, we realize that our energy challenges will extend beyond 20 years. Therefore, we need to prepare for a future that moves us beyond current thinking about the sources and uses of energy.

## EERE Response:

- Established consumer awareness programs that help market, promote, and create a demand for efficient products.
- Established strong partnerships with the states; including financial incentives and federal grant programs to support states and localities.

**Notes:**
 The Federal Government, including the Department of Energy, is working to do its part. In my office, we are working to improve energy efficiency in a variety of important areas. For instance:

* We have worked to establish consumer awareness programs such as Energy Star that help market, promote, and create a demand for efficient products.

* In partnership with industry, we are making significant investments in research and development toward new energy efficiency products and processes.

## EERE Response:

- Making significant investments in research and development toward new energy efficiency products and processes.
- Developed appliance standards - reasonable but challenging
- Lead by example in striving to meet energy efficiency targets that Congress has established for federal buildings and transportation fleets.

**Notes:**
The Federal Government, including the Department of Energy, is working to do its part. In my office, we are working to improve energy efficiency in a variety of important areas. For instance:

 * In partnership with industry, we are making significant investments in research and development toward new energy efficiency products and processes.

    * We have developed appliance standards that create reasonable but challenging efficiency guidelines for various products.

    * And we have lead by example in striving to meet energy efficiency targets that Congress has established for federal buildings and transportation fleets.

## Buildings Energy Use

- 37% of total U.S. total consumption
- 68 percent of electricity consumption
- Costs U.S. $240 billion

**Notes:**
Energy use by residential and commercial buildings accounts for over one-third of the Nation's total energy consumption - including two-thirds of the electricity generated in the U.S. - and costs the Nation about $240 billion annually. Improving the energy efficiency of buildings and equipment reduces energy consumption - especially during critical peak demand periods - which also reduces America's vulnerability to energy supply disruptions, energy price spikes and constraints on the Nation's electricity infrastructure. In addition, since energy for buildings also contributes one-third of urban air pollution and roughly a third of our carbon emissions, new energy efficiency technologies can have significant economic and environmental benefits.

## Progress in Increasing Efficiency

- Energy use/$ GDP produced fell 40%
- 1972 - 2000
- VS 1949 - 1972, energy use/GDP fell ~10%).
- improvements in energy efficiency >50 % of reduction
- Without reduction (at 1972 levels),
- US energy use would =171 quads in 2000,
- energy efficiency improvements = 36-48 quads savings

**Notes:**
We have made tremendous progress in increasing the efficiency of energy used in our economy over the past 30 years. From 1972 to 2000, the energy used per dollar of GDP produced fell by roughly 40 percent. (In comparison, from 1949 to 1972, energy used per dollar of GDP only fell by about 10%). One-half to two-thirds of this reduction in energy intensity was due to improvements in energy efficiency, with the remaining one-third to one-half related to changes in the structure of the economy. Had our energy intensity remained at 1972 levels, the United States would have used about 171 quads of energy in 2000, rather than 99 quads, with energy efficiency improvements accounting for about 36-48 quads of the savings.

## Research and Codes Contribute

- Savings > increase in energy supply since 1972
- 36-48 quads
- $200-300 billion/year (assuming $6 billion/quad)
- Energy efficiency innovations now in codes
- 2 of 3 most important since 1978
- low-e glass
- electronic ballasts
- advanced refrigerators

- 

- 

**Notes:**
These savings are greater than the increase in energy supply since 1972, totaling about 26 quads, including changes in domestic production of coal (+8.9 quads), natural gas (-2.5 quads), oil (-7.6 quads), nuclear (+7.4 quads), and renewables (+2.2 quads); and increased imports of natural gas (+2.6 quads) and oil (+11.8 quads). Assuming the current average energy price of $6 billion per quad remained the same, these 36-48 quads correspond to savings of roughly $200-300 billion per year. A recent National Academy of Sciences report notes that the EERE programs played a dominant or influential role in three of the technologies the considered to be among the most important energy efficiency innovations since 1978 (low-e glass, advanced refrigerators, and electronic ballasts).

## Where do Codes Fit?

- Baseline
- Exit Strategy
- Basis for Appliance and Equipment Standards
- Standard of Professional Practice
- Technology Deployment Tool

**Notes:**
Baseline Codes set a level of construction below which we should not build.  
They are technologically feasible and cost effective.
They form the basis for “Beyond Code” voluntary programs such as Energy Star and Building America
Codes provide an exit strategy for our voluntary programs.  Once proven, technology requirements are included in codes and utilities and state and local governments can move on to other market pull strategies.
Energy efficient windows
Lamps, lighting and ballasts (e.g., CFL mass purchase program to build the market)
Equipment
The building energy codes are the basis for the Federal mandatory appliance, lighting and equipment manufacturing standards.  They have been removed from most of the residential standards but are still an integral part of updating the non-residential energy efficiency Standard (90.1).
ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90 has long been the standard of professional practice, even in areas without codes.  Standard 90-75 started out as a standard of professional practice.
Deployment tool.  Building Energy codes have long been an excellent way to expand the use of new technologies in the market.  Early on it was equipment such as heat pumps and improved efficiencies.  More recently it has been lighting, controls and windows.

## Significant Progress - Residential

- 1975
- Glazing – U-1.13
- Wall – R-10
- Roof – R-10
- New buildings only

- 2000
- Glazing – U-0.9 to 0.35
- SHGC-0.40 (<3,500 HDD)
- Wall – R-11-R-21
- Roof – R-13 to 49
- New and renovation

**Notes:**
Building Energy codes have made a significant difference in the way we design and construct our buildings.  

Single glazing was the norm for many homes, back in 1975.  We now not only require lower thermal transmittance but also limit the solar heat gain in southern climates.
We insulate the walls and roofs of our homes better.
Ando our codes now renovations, as well as new construction.

## Significant Progress - Commercial

- 1975
- Glazing – U-1.13
- Center of glass
- SHGC - none
- Wall – U-0.34-0.20
- Roof – U-0.14-0.18
- Lighting – 4.5W/ft2
- New buildings only

- 2000
- Glazing – U-1.27 to 0.34
- Window Assembly
- SHGC - 0.64 (<6,000 HDD)
- Wall – U-0.504-0.291
- Roof – U-0.055 to 0.028
- Lighting – 1.3W/ft2
- New and renovation

**Notes:**
On the commercial building side, our thermal and solar heat transfer requirements throughout the country are generally far more stringent and the National Fenestration Rating Procedures provide us with more accurate ratings.
Note the significant reductions in our lighting energy use.

## Progress Since Last Workshop

- Alabama
- 2000 IECC Mandatory for all construction
- Illinois
- Chicago, Peoria and Rockford adopted 2000 IECC
- Georgia
- Upgraded to 2000 IECC (with 2001 updates)
- Upgraded to Standard 90.1-2001 with GA mods
- 0.40 SHGC effective January 1, 2004

**Notes:**
A great deal of progress has been made since you gathered together in Des Moines, IA. I'd like to share just a few highlights with you:

Three jurisdictions in Alabama adopted the "I" codes and have made the 2000 International Energy Conservation Code mandatory for all construction.

Chicago, Illinois, adopted the 2001 IECC. Several other cities, including Peoria and Rockford (the second largest city in the state), have also adopted the 2001 IECC, adding to the momentum for statewide adoption.

The Georgia State Code Advisory Committee unanimously recommended approval to the Board of the Department of Community Affairs for an upgrade to the Georgia energy codes based on the 2000 IECC with 2001 updates and ASHRAE Standard 90.1‐2001. The upgrade contains some Georgia‐specific provisions, as well as prescriptive paths for residences and small commercial buildings. The changes went into effect on January 1, 2003, and the exception for the 0.40 SHGC requirement will go into effect January 1, 2004.

## Progress Since Last Workshop

- Kansas
- Updated to 2003 IECC
- Kansas Energy Efficiency Disclosure an option
- HERS compliance option (Rating of 80%)
- Michigan
- Updated to Standard 90.1-1999 statewide (Effective April 2003)
- New Hampshire
- Upgraded to 2000 IECC (Effective September 2002)

## Progress Since Last Workshop

- North Dakota
- Adopted 2000 International Building Code and International Residential Code
- State and local government buildings
- School Buildings
- Local jurisdictions adopting a building code must also adopt

**Notes:**
North Dakota adopted the 2000 International Building Code (IBC) and International Residential Code (IRC) for all state, local government, and school buildings. Any locality that adopts a building code must also adopt the 2000 IBC and IRC, but local amendments are allowed.
This is an impressive set of accomplishments. And we may not have covered them all! At this conference, you will hear about these and more. Make sure we know all the progress being made across the country.

## Tools And Assistance

- _[www.energycodes.gov](http://www.energycodes.gov/)_
- Check products
- Hotline 1-800-270-CODE (2633)
- Technical and Financial Assistance to States
- Participation in Professional and Trade Shows
*Setting the Standard* newsletter

**Notes:**
Tools You Can Use
We are proud of the support we provide you. The DOE Building Energy Codes Program is currently receiving record demand for energy code information and program support tools and services!

DOE BECP Website ‐ www.energycodes.gov Check it out!  It provides easy access to residential and commercial building energy code information and free downloads of compliance software and materials. Current monthly statistics show that the site receives:
 		over 1,000,000 hits
		100,000 - 140,000 page views
		40, 000 ‐  50,000 user sessions
		6,000 ‐ 8,000 software downloads

Check Products ‐ As of October 2002, over 91,200 copies of REScheck TM (formerly MECcheck TM ), and COMcheck‐EZTM, training, and other code support tools/materials were downloaded or distributed.

Energy Codes Hotline ‐ The Hotline fields 200 to 250 calls/e‐mails each month. These are real people with real questions--code officials, builders, state staff and others with technical questions on codes, requests for compliance software, and other support needs.

Professional and Trade Shows - The International Home Builders Show (NAHB) and AIA National Conventions and Expo resulted in over 1500 attendees visiting the DOE BECP booth and distribution of over 980 CDs containing code compliance software.

Technical and Financial Assistance to States ‐ DOE provides technical assistance to states and local jurisdictions to help them adopt, implement, and enforce building energy codes.  During the first 6 months of  FY 2003, specialized technical assistance, including code comparisons, economic assessments, training, and customized code compliance software was provided to 7 states.  BECP products are a big hit at building‐related conferences.  Successes in the States Special Project Grants ‐ $1.98 million to 22 States.  Since 1995, the Program has provided states with approximately $28 million in incentive grants. The 2003 proposals were reviewed earlier this month and an announcement to the States will be made soon.

Setting the Standard newsletter ‐ The newsletter is now available electronically and distributes to 32,461 recipients. Total distribution including hard copies is 36,576.

## Solution to Our Challenges

- Not by Federal action alone but together with
- Private sector
- States and local governments

**Notes:**
We understand that a large part of the solution to our challenges will be found ‐ not by Government action alone ‐ but in the efforts of the private sector, states and local governments where innovation flourishes and risk takers push the envelope.

We are steadfastly committed to heeding the President's call in the National Energy Policy to expand the use of public‐private partnerships to revitalize our research and development efforts and meet our national energy goals.
My Office looks forward to continuing the successful partnerships, that we have established with you. And with your help, we look forward to realizing our shared vision of dependable, affordable, and environmentally sound energy for the future.

Thank you very much. I will do my best to answer whatever questions you may have.

## Future Challenges

- Exploiting Information Technology
- Training
- Codes and beyond
- Buildings adaptable to energy interruptions

**Notes:**
Exploiting Information Technology
Permitting
Plan checking
Field inspection
Training – given periodic code updates, how do we reach more people at less cost?
Minimize time away from the job
Minimize training delivery cost
Maximize flexibility of training schedules
Maximize learning
Codes and beyond

## Questions?