BEE-spoke-data/govdocs1-by-extension huggingface dataset:
# Presentation: 379865

## Spacetime and Einstein

**Spacetime and Einstein**

**1905: Clerk in Patent Office**

**Grand Old Man!**

**Schoolboy**

## Einstein's Three Great Discoveries

**Einstein's Three Great Discoveries**

**He verified the existence of “atoms” by explaining the zig-zag motion of pollen **
**     ****grains in water, noticed 80 years earlier.**
**He proved that light could be understood as little “bullets” of energy (or particles).**
**He developed the theory of relativity, in which “moving” observers disagree about simple measurements like time and distance.**
**	****Discovery #3 showed that**** space and time are mixed up ****. . . something that even today seems pretty weird.**

## Question: If we disagree about measurements, what can we agree on?

**Answer: The speed of light is the same for everyone!**
***Some “unintended” consequences:***

## Fermilab’s  Accelerator pushes protons to:

**4 MILES**

**Fermilab’s  Accelerator pushes protons to:**
**0.9999995 x (speed of light)**
**(This is about 186,000 miles per second!)**

**Every second, they go around the 4-mile ring about 50,000 times!**

**The protons:**
** ****Seem 1000 times heavier.**
** ****Seem 1000 times thinner.**
** ****Have clocks that run 1000**
**  ****times slower.**

## Space & time are bent, or curved, by matter.

**This is gravity. **
**Planets, moons and baseballs go**
** “****as straight as they can.”**

- www.unmuseum.org

## May 29, 1919 

**The eclipse that changed the universe . . .**
**And proved Einstein right!**
**Space is bent by Sun’s gravity!**

- www.unmuseum.org

- .

- .

- .

## Space is bent by matter.

**Space is bent by matter.**
**Multiple images (like ripples on a pond)**

- Same Galaxy
- See it twice!

## Slide 8

## eeeeyaooww!!

- www.astro.ucla.edu/%7Ewright/doppler.htm

***eeee******ya******ooww!!***

**(Object moving away)**

**(Object moving toward)**

## BIG BANG

- A *tiny* spot from the **Hubble Space Telescope**
**Every blob is a galaxy** with ~**100,000,000,000 stars.**

***BIG BANG***
- 13.5 billion years ago
- But not **BIG**, **TINY**!

**All are rushing away from us,**
**RED SHIFT ****. . .  expanding Universe!**
**Dr. Hubble (Wheaton) discovered that.**

## Extrasolar Planets

**Graphic of the Neptune-Mass companion to GJ 436**

- exoplanets.org/neptune_web/neptune_graphics.html

**SPEED**
**TO/FROM**
**US**

**TIME ******

- Artist’s impression

## The Cosmological Constant

**Einstein’s greatest blunder . . .**
**or perhaps his greatest legacy?**

**a case for the accelerating Universe**

## Black Holes

- From Astronomy Picture of the Day
- www.phy.mtu.edu/apod/ap971107.html

**The Black Hole is invisible,**
**but you can see stuff around it.**

## Hubble Uncovers Dust Disk Around a Massive Black Hole

**Hubble Uncovers Dust Disk Around a Massive Black Hole**

## Black hole candidate in the spiral galaxy

**Black hole candidate in the spiral galaxy**

## Slide 16
# Presentation: 666767

## BAX

**Contact:**
**Rachida Sadat**
**LAOMP**
**14, Av Edouard Belin, 31400 TOULOUSE**
**T****é****l: 05 61 33 27 91 ****–**** Fax 05 61 33 28 40**
**email :**** rsadat@ast.obs-mip.fr**

- s.

**We present BAX, the first dataBase of gAlaxy clusters in X-rays (**_[http://webast.ast.obs-mip.fr/bax](http://webast.ast.obs-mip.fr/bax)_**)  to allow access to published measurements of the***** *****main physical quantities in X-ray wavelengths : Flux, luminosity and temperature and the related bibliographic references. The user can retrieve a number of bibliographic references selected through the non-valuated keywords. Several query menus are proposed allowing search by the cluster name, by positions, by flux, luminosity , temperature and  by keywords. The multi-criteria search is also available which allows to combine all the queries. **
**Beside of this, BAX  provides a portal for galaxy clusters by providing access to various web sites  from wich general information on galaxy cluters clusters can be retrieved such as archival data from different x-rays satellites, ground-based telescopes observatories, clusters images at different wavelengths.**
**                                   ****BAX a database  for Planck**
**Planck mission will detect up to 10,000 individual galaxy clusters to z ~1 through their SZ effect. It is important to have access to  all the informations available in  an integrated and homogenous way.** **In this framework, BAX will be useful at several levels : in its present version BAX will allow cross identification with known X-ray clusters but it also allows to better characterize the SZ cluster. Furthermore,  to optimise the scientific output we will need to combine the SZ observations with observations in the X-ray band, when available. The ideal framework to have access to this information is clearly the BAX database.**
**BAX contents**
** ****1565 clusters with measured flux**
** ****320 clusters with measured temperature**
** ****38858 keywords**
**Statistics**
** ****Number of external connexions ~  400/month or ~ 4000/year**
** ****Number of queries ~ 300 /month**

**Observatoire Midi-Pyréné**es

**BAX**
**Data****B****ase of g****A****laxy clusters in ****X****-rays**

**What is BAX ?**

**t**
** **
# Presentation: 746699

## Pathogen Reduction Dialogue Panel 1Introduction of Hazards, Farm to TableMay 6, 2002

- Introduction
- Chair: Michael Doyle, PhD
- Regents Professor of Food Microbiology
- Director, Center for Food Safety
- University of Georgia

## Panel 1:    Introduction of Hazards, Farm to Table

- Focus on microbiological hazards that contaminate meat, poultry and eggs at different locations in the food continuum

## Panel 1:    Introduction of Hazards, Farm to Table

- Address:
- Risk factors for acquiring meat and poultry-associated foodborne illnesses
- Where pathogens originate
- How pathogens are introduced into foods, including influenced of environmental and management factors

## Panel 1:    Introduction of Hazards, Farm to Table

- Address:
- Identify the challenges for pathogen control presented by the microbial ecology of meat and poultry pathogens on the farm and in processing facilities
- Describe hazards introduced during transportation and housing (lair facilities) of animals

## Risk Factors for Sporadic Campylobacter Infections in the United States

**Case-control study of 6 FoodNet sites from Jan 98 - Mar 99 involving 1463 patients with *****Campylobacter *****infection and 1317 controls**
**Risk factors include:**
**Foreign travel**
**Eating undercooked poultry**
**Eating chicken or turkey cooked outside the home**
**Eating nonpoultry meat cooked outside the home**

## Risk Factors for Sporadic Campylobacter Infections in the United States

**Risk factors include:**
**Eating raw seafood**
**Drinking raw milk**
**Living on or visiting a farm**
**Contact with farm animals**
**Contact with puppies**
**C. Friedman et al.  Abstr. Int. Conf. Emerg. Infect. Dis. p. 149-150 (2000)**

## Risk Factors for Sporadic E. coli O157:H7 Infections in the United States

- Case-control study of FoodNet Sites
- 326 cases and 591 matched controls from        Feb 99 - Apr 00
- Risk factors:
- Swimming in a pond, lake, river or stream    with cattle nearby (mOR = 15.8)
- Drinking pond, lake, river or stream water (mOR = 3.5)
- Drinking from water fountains or pool water (mOR = 3.5)

## Risk Factors for Sporadic E. coli O157:H7 Infections in the United States

- Risk Factors (Cont.):
- Visiting a farm <12 times a year (mOR = 3.0)
- Eating pink hamburgers in the home (mOR = 2.2)
- Living on a farm (mOR = 1.9)
- Thawing ground beef in microwave (mOR = 1.5)
- M. H. Kennedy et al.  Abstr. Int. Conf. Emerg. Infect. Dis. p. 169 (2002)

## Moderated discussion (immediately following 
lunch) among panelists and symposium 
attendees, addressing issues associated with 
the introduction of microbiological hazards in 
meat, poultry and eggs

- lunch) among panelists and symposium
- attendees, addressing issues associated with
- the introduction of microbiological hazards in
- meat, poultry and eggs
# Presentation: 281707

## 24 Intergovernmental Mandates with Costs Above the Threshold ($50 million per year), 1996-2002

- (7/16/03)

- Note:  The 42 bills that CBO identified between 1996 and 2002 as having inter-governmental mandates over the threshold contained 24 separate mandates.

**Not Enacted**

**Amended Before Enactment to Reduce Costs Below Threshold**

**Enacted with Costs Above Threshold**

**4**

**2**

**18**

## 64 Private-Sector Mandates with Costs Above the Threshold ($100 million per year), 1996-2002

- (7/16/03)

- Note:  The 137 bills that CBO identified between 1996 and 2002 as having private-sector mandates over the threshold contained 64 separate mandates.

**Enacted with Costs Above Threshold**

**Amended Before Enactment to Reduce Costs Below Threshold**

**Not Enacted**

**38**

**21**

**5**

## CBO Mandate Statements for Bills, Proposed Amendments, and Conference Reports, 1996-2002

- (7/16/03)

| Statements | Total No. of Statements |  | Pct. of All Statements | Pct. with Mandates |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Intergovernmental Mandates |  |  |  |  |
| Total No. Transmitted |  | 4,097 |  |  |
| No. That Identified Mandates |  | 465 | 11 |  |
|     Costs Would Exceed Threshold |  | 42 | 1 | 9 |
|     Costs Could Not Be Estimated |  | 29 | 1 | 6
 |
| Private-Sector Mandates |  |  |  |  |
| Total No. Transmitted |  | 3,983 |  |  |
| No. That Identified Mandates |  | 561 | 14 |  |
|     Costs Would Exceed Threshold |  | 137 | 3 | 24 |
|     Costs Could Not Be Estimated
 |  | 58 | 1
 | 10 |
# Presentation: 111057

## Booster Corrector System

- The existing Booster corrector system is marginal:
- Cannot control orbit adequately at high field
- Cannot control tune at high field
- It appears that the few  $M that  would  be needed  to build a better corrector system could reasonably appear under the “proton  plan”.
- We want to  make sure that  we specify  the system  that  we need.

## Background – Beam Motion

- Preliminary specs:
- +- 1 cm beam motion in both planes at all energies
- 1 mm/ms slew rate up to transition

## Beam Tune

- Preliminary spec
- +- .1 unit at all energies
- .01 unit/ms at all energies
- Is this enough??

## Magnetic Specs

- This is about 4 times as powerful as the existing system.
- Questions:
- Are these specs reasonable?
- Did I do my calculations correctly?
- What do we want for skew quads?

| Type | Max. Field | Max. Slew Rate |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Horizontal Trim | .009 T-m | .5 T-m/s |
| Vertical Trim | .015 T-m | .8 T-m/s |
| Quadrupole | .08 T-m/m | 8 (T-m/m)/s |
| Skew Quadrupole | ?? | ?? |
# Presentation: 185676

## Synthesis of model results – Subarctic Pacific

- James Christian
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada
- Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis
- Victoria, BC

## Four models were submitted:

**• ****MITgcm (**Galen McKinley, Princeton/U. Wisconsin)
**• ****NCOM (**Fei Chai, University of Maine)
**• ****OPA (**Corinne Le Quéré, Max Planck Institute)
**• ****ROMS (**Fei Chai, University of Maine)

## • all models were forced with NCEP winds

**•** Fei Chai (U. Maine) submitted 2 simulations, using NCOM (z-level) and ROMS (-coordinate) based models
**•** all simulations extended from 1980 to at least 1998 except for the ROMS model run which commenced in 1990
**• ****all output simulata were detrended and deseasoned, but not necessarily by identical methods**

## pCO2 and air-sea CO2 flux were determined for:

- Subarctic region:  > 44°N
- Station Papa: 50°N, 145°W
- Station KNOT: 44°N, 155°E

## Slide 5

## Slide 6

## Slide 7

## Slide 8

## Slide 9

## Slide 10

## Conclusions:

**•** agreement between models is good at some times and places (e.g. CO2 flux at Stn KNOT from 1980-1990)
**•** in general, models agree quite well for regional average, less so for specific locations
**•** OPA model shows somewhat more variability than the others, especially at Stn PAPA
**•** future comparisons should focus on pCO2 and pCO2 to minimize methodological differences, standardize methods for detrending and deseasoning
# Presentation: 327571

## ENERGY MANAGEMENT

- FINANCIAL ANALSIS
- An Overview of Financial Performance

- Demand Reduction

- Capital Improvements

## AGENDA

- The financial impact of energy costs on a company’s income statement is significant.  The Hospitality industry experienced an increase of close to 60 percent in 2001.
- The increased energy cost affects the value of company assets and shareholder value.

- Financial Terms
- Debt Service Coverage Ratio/EBITDA
- Corporate Borrowing Rate
- Capitalization Rate
- EPS/FFO
- Key Ingredients
- Income
- Repairs & Maintenance
- Rebates

## HIGHLIGHTS

- REBATES -Free Money

- CONSERVATION

- SHAREHOLDER VALUE

## FINANCIAL INPUTSLighting Project	

- Initial Cash Investment			$240,000
- Corporate Borrowing Rate	               8.75%
- Energy Savings				$211,500
- Repairs & Maint. Savings		  $42,600
- Relamp Period			        55 Months
- Relamp Cost				$105,000
- Utility Rebates			   	  $72,000
- Shares Outstanding		       54,000,000
- Capitalization Rate 			    11.0%
- Share Multiple				         9.5
- Debt Capacity					  5

## FINANCIAL RESULTSExecutive Summary

- Initial Investment			$240,000
- Annual Energy Savings		$211,500
- Simple Payback		 	   12.39 Months
- IRR 4 years				 129.31%
- IRR 9 years				 129.98%
- EBITDA Impact			          $315,000
- Debt				       $1,575,000
- Portfolio Value Impact		       $2,860,000
- FFO per Share Accretion		 $0.0058
- Share Price Increase			 $0.0551
# Presentation: 763330

## Orientation Guide

**Research and Development**
**VAMC- Houston**

- Modified Dated: 07-11-2007

## The Essential Binder

- What is it, and why do I have to have one?

## Binder

- Purpose:
- Aids in monitoring
- Documents qualifications of site and staff
- Documents institutional approvals
- Documents the story of what occurred throughout the trial process.

## Binder

- If you are on an industry sponsored study, you likely have one included in the startup package.
- Check to see if the following list of recommendations are included in your binder.

## Recommended binder contents

- Protocol summary (investigator’s brochure)
- Current consent form, and amendments
- IRB correspondence (including e-mails) and especially approvals, amendments, and renewals
- VA R&D correspondence
- Affiliated hospital correspondence I.E. TIRR approval
- Case report forms
- Investigational Drug Information Record 10-9012

## Recommended binder contents

- AE and SAEs
- Curriculum Vitaes of all staff
- Lab certification (to include VA if used)
- Baylor’s Protection of Human Subjects certification for all staff should be kept in the binder
- Reports of audit
- IRB membership rooster

## Binder

## Binder

- Keep it orderly and use labeled dividers in chronological order
- _Keep it up-to-date!_
- Call Marilyn Crosby  RN for assistance @ 713-794-8096 or email at: _[mcrosby@bcm.edu](mailto:mcrosby@bcm.edu)__ or __[marilyn.crosby@va.gov](mailto:marilyn.crosby@va.gov)_
# Presentation: 281036

## Hosted
by
LBL Cosmology Workshop - 2007

***by***
***LBL Cosmology Workshop - 2007***

- Jeopardy

## 100

- _[100](slide5.xml)_

- _[200](slide8.xml)_

- _[200](slide10.xml)_

- _[400](slide15.xml)_

- _[400](slide16.xml)_

- _[300](slide14.xml)_

- _[400](slide18.xml)_

**Fundamentals**

**Evidence**

**Eras **

**Final Frontier**

- _[300](slide11.xml)_

- _[300](slide12.xml)_

- _[300](slide13.xml)_

- _[200](slide9.xml)_

- _[400](slide17.xml)_

- _[200](slide7.xml)_

- _[100](slide6.xml)_

- _[500](slide19.xml)_

- _[500](slide20.xml)_

- _[500](slide21.xml)_

- _[500](slide22.xml)_

- _[100](slide3.xml)_

## This branch of science is the

**This branch of science is the**
**study of the evolution of**
**the universe.**

- What is Cosmology?

## The stretching of wavelengths

**The stretching of wavelengths**
**that give evidence for expansion**
**of space**

- What is redshift?

## The first known event in the

**The first known event in the**
**universe.**

- What is the big bang?

## Matter that cannot be seen, but

**Matter that cannot be seen, but**
**only detected by its gravitational**
**influence.**

- What is dark matter?

## 2,1

**An early model of the universe that was **
** ****proposed by ****Ptolemy**** had the earth in the **
**center of the universe. **

- What is Geocentric?

## The red shift is important

**The red shift is important**
**because it shows... **

- What is the universe is expanding?

## Atoms form.

**Atoms form.**

- What is era 3?

## About 70% of the universe.

**About 70% of the universe.**

- What is Dark Energy?

## The model of the universe 

**The model of the universe **
**proposed by Copernicus        **
**that puts the sun in the center**
**of the universe. **

- What is Heliocentric?

## When we refer to the expansion 

**When we refer to the expansion **
**of the universe, we mean:**

- What is the space being stretched out?

## Nucleons form.

**Nucleons form.**

- What is Era 2?

## Change in velocity over time.

**Change in velocity over time.**

- What is acceleration?

##  The true center of the 

-  **The true center of the **
**universe.**

- What is everywhere?

## The residues of the early 

**The residues of the early **
**universe.**

- What is the cosmic microwave background (CMB)?

## Inflation

**Inflation**

- What is Era 1?

## Basic constitutes of matter

**Basic constitutes of matter**
**in the universe.**

- What are atoms?

## The modern cosmological 

**The modern cosmological **
**principle states that the **
**universe is this.**

- What is the infinite?

## Besides gravity, formation

**Besides gravity, formation**
** ****of stars and galaxies is a **
**result of this.**

- What are quantum fluctuations?

## 14x 10(9) yr

**14x 10(9) yr**

- What is Era 4 (today)?

## Depends on the amount

**Depends on the amount**
**and types of matter and**
**energy in it.**

- What is the fate of the universe?
# Presentation: 185421

## Human Resources for Crisis Communication

**Human Resources for Crisis Communication**

## Precrisis

- Provide training
- Acknowledge levels of experience
- Maintain a registry

## Event Occurs

- Stagger work hours
- Initial phase
- American Red Cross experience
- 7–10 days work, 12–16 hour days
- Maintenance
- 10–12 hour days, 2 days off in 3 weeks
- Resolution
- Debrief
- Offer mental counseling

## Who Can Do What in a Day?

**Public response**
- Scripted calls to public, 30–40 an *hour* per person
- Calls of reassurance, referral, or recommendation;10–15 an *hour*

**Media response**
- Press officer: flat out, single message, 100 calls a *day*
- Experienced press officer: routine information calls, 40–50 calls a *day*
- Senior press officer: in-depth calls, 20–30 a *day*

## Spokesperson Capacity in a Day?

- Top director: 4 TV, 2–3 print
- Limit the number of director, response leader exclusive interviews
- Subject matter expert (same as senior press officer): 6 TV

## Personal Coping—Think RETALE

**R**ecognize that emotions are high
**E**at nutritious foods
**T**ake mental breaks
**A**void lots of caffeine or alcohol
**L**eave when your shift is over
**E**xercise

## Supervisor’s Support—Think RIMEREAD

**R**emind workers about the value of their efforts
**I**nsist that they take breaks
**M**ake nutritious food and drinks available
**E**xpect high emotions
**R**espond to timid requests for help
**E**ncourage exercise
**A**ccept nonoffensive “silliness”
**D**espite protest, insist on sleep breaks

## Family Members of Workers

- Plan how key personnel will take care of their families during the crisis
- Give key personnel a chance to check in with their families during the crisis
- Resources include:
- American Red Cross guidance
- Brochure
- Letter
# Presentation: 150961

## Dangers of Fire

- Asphyxiation
- Heat
- Smoke

## Developing a Family Fire Plan

- Install smoke alarms.
- Identify escape routes.
- Practice the escape plan.
- Practice alerting family members.
- Learn the fire department’s emergency number.

## If a Fire Starts

- Get out quickly.
- Go to the meeting place.
- Call the fire department.

## If You Can’t Escape

- Stuff wet cloth around doors and vents.
- Call the fire department.
- Stay low and by a window.
- Open windows at top and bottom.
- Wave a bright-colored cloth at the window.

## Preventing Fires

- Conduct a home hazard hunt.
- Inspect wood stoves and chimneys annually.
- Purchase only “laboratory-tested” heaters.
- Keep matches and lighters away from children.
- Check electrical wiring.
- Keep combustibles away from the stove.

## Three Classes of Wildfires

- Surface fire
- Ground fire
- Crown fire

## Wildfire Preparedness

- Keep a garden hose that is long enough to reach any area of the house.
- Obtain a portable gasoline-powered water pump.
- Equip chimneys and stovepipes with spark arresters.
- Keep fire tools handy.
- Use proper building and landscape design.

## During a Wildfire

- Listen for emergency information.
- Confine pets or arrange for pets to stay with a friend or relative.
- Move flammable furniture to the center of the home.
- Remove flammable drapes and curtains.
- Close all doors and windows.

## After a Wildfire

- Use caution when reentering.
- Inspect the roof immediately.
- Have propane or heating oil tanks inspected.
- Check the stability of trees around the home.
- If there is no power, check the main breaker.
# Presentation: 922715

## Impact Parameter Tag

**Use b-hadron long lifetime without reconstructing secondary vertex (to gain efficiency)**
**Consider compatability of “collection of tracks” (jet) with primary vertex**
**Use decay length significance of tracks:**

## Steps to tag

**Reconstruct jets, tracks, primary vertices**
**Select best primary vertex for each jet**
**Select tracks:**
**Calculate PV probability for each track, based on decay length significance distribution**
**Combine tracks in jet to form discriminant**

## Jet discriminant

**Simplest approach: tag jet with a minimum number of tracks that have significance exceeding a certain value**
**Simple product of probabilities:**
**	****D = -ln********, ******** ****= ********(Pi)**
**	****...****will yield larger values as #tracks increases**
**Default, independent of #tracks:**
**	****D = -lnP,**
**	**

## Track selection cuts

**pT > 1.5 GeV**
**DCA < 2cm (transverse and z)**
**# SMT hits ******** 2, total # hits ******** 4**
****** ****Track – Jet angle**
****** ****Track quality**
****** ****V0 rejection**

## Performance

**1000 z->bb and 1000 z->ud samples**
**~5% fake rate at 50% efficiency for jets within**
**	****-2 < ******** < 2, ******** 3 tracks**
**Major improvement for vertical review mostly due to bug fix (sign error in decay length for some tracks)**
**Study track cuts, decay length error, 3D implementation for further improvement**

## Jet eta

## Track pT cut

## Track dca and nHits cuts

## Track significance

**L/dL (red: tracks with MCL > 0;**
**black: tracks with MCL = 0)**

**|pT| < 1 Gev**

**1<|pT|<2 GeV**

**2<|pT|<5 GeV**

**|pT| > 5 GeV**

## MC decL - Reco’d decL

**|pT| < 1 Gev**

**1<|pT|<2 GeV**

**2<|pT|<5 GeV**

**|pT| > 5 GeV**

## (MCL-RecoL)/dL

**|pT| < 1 Gev**

**1<|pT|<2 GeV**

**2<|pT|<5 GeV**

**|pT| > 5 GeV**

## Status

**Sign bug fixed just before vertical review**
**More performance improvement expected from**
- Better handle on error in jet / track angles
- Implementation of (pseudo-) 3D decay length
- Further study of track cuts (V0 rejection, 2?, track direction)
**Other projects:**
- Jet acceptance
- Profiling of algorithm
- Higher statistics / certification sample studies

## <dump pics>
# Presentation: 462035

## Fast Measurements of Aerosol Size Distribution, Hygroscopicity, and Volatility for Aircraft Deployment

*Jian Wang*
*Brookhaven National Laboratory*
- ASP Science Team Meeting
- January 26, 2005
- Charleston, South Carolina

**Notes:**
The title of the project is fast measurements of aerosol size distribution Hygroscopicity, and Volatility for Aircraft Deployment.  I will first talk about the instrumentation development for fast aerosol size distribution first, then describe the fast measurements for aerosol hygroscopicity and volatility measurements.

## Fast Aerosol Size Distribution Measurements

- Latitude

- Longitude

- Conventional Instruments:
- Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS)
- Optical Particle Counters (OPC)

- Springston et al.

- Need for high time resolution measurements of aerosol size distributions:
- Measurements onboard research aircrafts
- Systems involving rapid aerosol dynamics

## Aerosol Mobility Size Spectrometer

## Experimental Setup for Preliminary Tests

- Neutralizer

- AMSS

- CPC

## Picture of Grown Particles 

- Experiments with PSL particles

***E***

- Images of grown particles

## Sizing Accuracy of AMSS

## Particle Conc. Measured by AMSS and CPC

## Resolution of AMSS (Preliminary Results)

## Hygroscopicity and Volatility Measurements

- Aerosol hygroscopicity and volatility are currently measured using Tandem Differential Mobility Analyzers (TDMA).
- TDMA measurements also provide information on:
- Size resolved mixing state of aerosol.
- Size resolved chemical composition.

## Hygroscopicity and Volatility Measurements

## Products and Needs

- Products:
- Aerosol size distribution (every ~1 sec.)
- Aerosol hygroscopicity and volatility (every ~2 minutes)
- Need from others:
- Size resolved chemical compositions. (To study evolutions of aerosol size, hygroscopicity, and CCN concentration.)
- Trace gas measurements.

## Acknowledgement

- Pramod Kulkarni
- Peter Takacs
- Peter Daum
- Steven Springston
- Funding:
- Atmospheric Science Program, DOE
- Goldhaber Fellowship, BNL
- LDRD, BNL
# Presentation: 657105

## Slide 1

## Classes of Information

- How much will the sea rise
- The direct effects (erosion, flood, etc.)
- Response options
- Effects of the response options
- People
- Government regulations and subsidies
- How will other people respond?

## Information Used in Decisions about Sea Level Rise

- Awareness—Outreach/Communication
- Concern—Magnitude of Impact
- Response—Evaluation of options
- Costs
- Results

## Example Decisions

- Elevate house
- Elevate streets
- Ensure wetlands can migrate inland
- Historic Examples

## Should We Elevate Our House?

## Slide 6

## Concern: Do We Elevate Home?

- Models and Observations:
- 1962 storm 7 inches below floor
- Sea level has risen 7 inches since 1962
- FEMA base flood 1.8ft above floor
- Our Own Eyes Tell Us
- Yard has standing water after it rains
- SUV’s at yacht club block view of the water
- We have no flood insurance

## Options Evaluation: Elevate Home 

- Inaction
- Repairs a hassle—the flood will occur eventually
- Will township elevate streets making our yard an impoundment?
- Will yacht club elevate parking lot?

- Action
- Better view, more storage, less flooding, but:
- Will yacht club block our view anyway with more building?
- Can’t get straight answer on permit requirements
- How high?
- Survey?
- Surprise electrical
- Surprise plumbing

- Should Township Elevate Streets when Repaving?

- Ship Bottom, New Jersey

- Should Township Elevate Streets when Repaving?

## Should Township Elevate Streets when Repaving?

- Inaction
- If no dike built:  Floods keep getting worse
- If dike built, inaction does no harm
- Will sea rise be small between now and next paving project?

- Action
- If residents do not elevate, then higher street causes impountments
- If residents do elevate, higher street reduces flooding.

## Does USFWS or a Conservancy Work to Enable Wetlands to Migrate Inland?

## Slide 15

## Does USFWS or a Conservancy Work to Enable Wetlands to Migrate Inland?

- Inaction
- Will vegetated wetlands keep pace with sea level rise
- What is ecological significance of the unvegetated systems?
- How much will sea rise?
- Will property owners abandon these areas anyway as they become too hazardous to inhabit

- Action
- What can we do?
- Will property owners cooperate?
- Will our efforts eventually be overtaken by the rising sea anyway?

## Slide 17

## Other Cases Where Sea Level Rise Led to Different Decision

- Incremental Modification
- Higher Structures
- Bridge to PEI
- Shell Oil Platform
- Dutch Dikes
- Land Reclamation
- Higher Base Flood Elevation

- Different Path
- Build Thames Barrier
- Ocean City switch from groins to sand replenish
- Retreat for the sake of ecosystems

*Decision to maintain a*
*performance standard*

*Recognition that status quo*
*even less defensible than *
*taking the action*
# Presentation: 687368

## Energetic particle acceleration at CME-driven shocks(D. Lario, G.C. Ho, R.B. Decker, C.W. Smith, Q. Hu, M. I. Desai)LWS Grant NAG5-13487

- We have classified the response of the  >47 keV ion and >38 keV electron intensities to the passage of 191 fast forward transient interplanetary shocks observed by the ACE spacecraft from February 1, 1998 to October 28, 2003 in terms of both their time-intensity histories (Figure 1) and the evolution of the energy spectra.
- We have correlated the energetic ion responses with the shock parameters (Figure 2).
- Our results agree with previous analysis performed with ISEE-3 data (e.g., van Nes et al., 1984; Tsurutani and Lin, 1985).
- Very few events show consistency with the complete set of predictions of the diffusive shock-acceleration theory.
- Those events that agree best with the theory (e.g. the events observed by ACE on June 8, 2000 and October 24, 2003) are being analyzed in detail (work in progress).

## Classification of the energetic particle response to 191 fast transient forward shocks according to their time-intensity histories

**Classification of the energetic particle response to 191 fast transient forward shocks according to their time-intensity histories**

- D. Lario, G.C. Ho, R. B. Decker, Q. Hu, C. W. Smith, M.I. Desai

- Figure 1

## Correlation between shock parameters  and particle signatures

**Correlation between shock parameters  and particle signatures**

- Lario et al. [2005] ACE observations

- van Nes et al. [1984] ISEE-3 observations

- Figure 2
# Presentation: 753470

## North Dakota’s Experience

**Work Zone Focus State Workshop**
**April 19, 2005**

## North Dakota’s Roads

- Rural state with 640,000 residents
- Roads mainly product to market roads

## Project Area

**Project Area**

- I-29 Connects Canada to Mexico (I-35)
- Metro area approaching 250,000 residents
- Traffic counts
- I-29 40,000 projected to exceed 70,000
- Crossroads about 35,000

## Project Characteristics

- Reconstruct I-29 through Fargo – 8 Miles including all interchanges and new underpasses
- Reconstruct Main Avenue one mile each side of I-29
- Lengthen Railroad Separation
- Started in 2000 and will continue into 2008
- $130 million project

## Public Concerns

- One of four major north south routes in Fargo
- Regional Hospital and College on north side
- Large number of employees on the south side
- Regional shopping center along corridor
- Closed main entrance into mall during construction
- Affected almost everyone in town
- Night closures for beam setting and underground
- Closed ramps at I-29/I-94 detoured onto city street

## Outreach Efforts

- Overall goal was to reduce crashes and inform public of travel interruptions
- $380,000 over four years
- Primarily targeted roadway users

## Barriers and Obstacles

- Biggest barrier was changing mindset that construction was horrible and life altering
- Overcome by educating and obtaining public buy in

## Pre-Construction Outreach

- “Normal” public process during environmental process
- Business Advisory Group between environmental process and bidding
- Co-sponsored by Chamber of Commerce
- Small group of affected businesses met quarterly to discuss plans and work zone traffic control
- Allowed businesses to plan for construction

## During Construction Outreach

- Safety message – “Let’s get there together, safety first”
- Tools used
- Website
- Leave behinds
- Press releases
- Live webcams of workzone
- Difficult to keep information current in a rapidly changing workzone

## During Construction Outreach

- Contractor public relations
- Contract required contractor to provide a public information person to update affected property owners
- Required weekly contact and updates to the property owners
- Contractor controls schedule and resources so they know best what is going to happen
- ER Book

## Results of Outreach 

- Successful
- Website
- Buying advertising
- Picking a media firm
- Leave behinds
- 2000 42 crashes without PIC
- 2001 19 crashes with PIC

## Lessons Learned

- Lessons learned
- Time invested up front pays off
- Working hard at keeping lines of communications open
- Develop partnerships
- What could be done differently in the future
- Get to the affected property owners earlier

## Summary

- Summarize key points (i.e., top 5 things to keep in mind when developing/implementing an outreach campaign)
- Closing comments/last thoughts to help attendees develop their own strategies and plans later in the day
# Presentation: 774990

## EMERGENCY COMMUNICATION AND TRACKING SYSTEMS

**MSHA T****ECHNOLOGY**** E****VALUATION**

## MSHA ACTIVITIES TO ADDRESS COMMUNICATION AND TRACKING ISSUES

- Investigate Mine Site Technologies PED and TRACKER  systems
- Evaluate available new technology
- Received more than 80 proposals
- Requested proposals through _[www.msha.gov](http://www.msha.gov/)_
- Reviewing proposals to determine which to pursue further

## MINE SITE PED AND TRACKER INVESTIGATION

- Investigate PED installations at:
- Peabody Air Quality and Twentymile Mines
- Consol Blacksville and Robinson Run Mines
- BHP San Juan Mine (only surface-installed antenna in the US)
- Travel to Australia to investigate TRACKER installation

## PROS AND CONS OF PED

- Pros:
- Can send evacuation instructions to miners in early stages of fire
- Can be retrofit for Koehler, NLT and MSA cap lamps
- System can be deployed in emergency by arranging surface loop antenna
- Cons:
- Underground antenna could be compromised in fire or explosion
- Reports of some areas where signals can’t be received (shadow zones)
- Can interfere with existing mine systems
- Communications limited to one-way
- No confirmation that message has been received

## PROS AND CONS OF TRACKER

- Pro: Can provide last known location of miner before loss of power
- Cons:
- Cannot provide precise location of personnel
- System will become non-operational upon loss of power

## SYSTEM EVALUATION CRITERIA

- System capability – precise tracking and 2-way voice and text preferred
- Survivability in a fire or explosion
- Focusing on completely wireless communication
- Current availability
- Available or near term available hardware vs. conceptual
- Capability of complying with MSHA requirements

## FIELD TESTING EVALUATION GOALS

- Determine how well signals propagate (maximum distance between nodes)
- Determine how much overburden systems can penetrate if capable of through-the-earth communication
- Determine mine coverage area (i.e. are there blind spots and why?)
- Explore interference issues
- Determine accuracy of tracking features

## CURRENT TECHNOLOGIES UNDER EVALUATION

- Wireless node-based systems using IEEE 802.11 protocol
- Wireless node-based systems using IEEE 802.15.4 protocol
- Ultra-Wide Band Communications and Tracking
- Low frequency, narrow band through-the-earth (TTE)
# Presentation: 856142

## Storage Resource Manager Project  Status Report

- Timur Perelmutov

## SRM Project Objectives

-  Provision of support and continuous improvements of the dCache srm v1 already in production use by US-CMS, and various other sites participating in building US-CMS Software and computing project including palliatives to support integration of the experiment.
-   Development of SRM V2 client and server in order to satisfy the emerging needs of Fermilab and LHC experiments in Grid Enabled Storage, features need to be delivered ahead of, or in tandem with, other SRM implementations.
-    Participation in SRM Collaboration to develop SRM v3 standard, which would resolve all the issues and defects in srm V2, help develop a world class specification which will lead to wider acceptance of SRM as standard grid interface to a storage on the Grid.
-    Participation in collaboration with DESY and any other organization willing to contribute to the development of dCache and SRM for the mutual benefits of all participating parties.
-    Development of OSG Storage Element

## SRM Project Status

- SRM V1 server in dCache is stable and performs well in CMS Service challenges
- Initial SRM V2 implementation including
- Data movement functionality
- Directory functions
- Initial deployment of SRM V2 in US-CMS T1 system
- SRM V2 functions partially interoperate with DPM/Castor (CERN) and DRM (LBNL)

## SRM Project Priorities 

- Monitoring interface allowing easy problem identification and providing history info allowing to identify bottlenecks and improve administrability
- Full interoperability with LCG tools
- Explicit Space Management design and implementation.
- VO Based authorization
- Achieving agreement of all SRM developers and users on how to best satisfy needs of LHC experiments with SRM V2 interface to GRID Storage
- New Hire

## Effort Estimates

|  Budget/Effort Categories |  Budgeted Effort (FTE-years) |
| --- | --- |
| SRM V1 Improvements,  Monitoring and Plots | 0.5 FTE  |
| SRM v2 Development and Deployment - Space Reservation, Permission Functions, compatibility testing, etc | 1 FTE |
| SRM support  | 0.5 FTE |
| Collaboration | 0.3 FTE |
| Project management and training | 0.2 FTE |
| Documentation, TWiki | 0.2 FTE |
| Total | 2.7 FTE |

## Available Effort

- Dmitry Litvintsev
- 50%-75% of the time works on SRM
- Expected to work less during the summer
- Ted Hesselroth
- 50-100% Provides CMS T1/T2 SRM/dCache support
- Remainder of the time develops VO Based authorization solution for dCache/SRM
- Expected to transfer responsibilities to the new hire
- Timur Perelmutov
- 100%
- Summer intern
- Monitoring and plots
- New hire?

## Resources

- _[https://srm.fnal.gov/twiki/bin/view/SrmProject/WebHome](https://srm.fnal.gov/twiki/bin/view/SrmProject/WebHome)_
# Presentation: 746417

## Impact of participation in somatic cell count testing on herd average somatic cell score

## National Mastitis Screening

**93%**** of cows on DHI test plans participate in mastitis screening.**
**3.8**** million cows.**
**25,000**** herds.**
**20%**** less herds than in 2000, although number of cows unchanged.**
**Herd average somatic cell count (SCC) has increased since 1995, but was slightly lower in the last 2 years.  **

## Objectives

**Evaluate the effectiveness of mastitis screening in reducing herd average somatic cell score (SCS).**
**Investigate seasonal and regional differences in herd average SCS.**

## Data

**Base herds selected**
**Started SCC testing after July 1995**
**Milked 2x for the first 30 months of testing**
**Herd Test day records screened**
**Dropped after >6 mo of no test **
**Included ********10 cows with SCC records and ********50% of cows in milk**
**Herds screened**
**>1 month of testing**
**1st month on test met test day record screening**

## Data

**51,589**** test days in ****2950**** herds**
**Included on herd test day records **
**Test date **
**Time herd on testing (mo)**
**Region **
**Calculated from cow test day records**
**Mean milk/cow**
**Mean SCS/cow (weighted by milk)**

## Regions

- Northeast

- Southeast

- Southwest

- Northwest

- Midwest

**1089**

**222**

**1492**

**68**

**79**

## Initiation of SCC Testing by Region

**0**

**100**

**200**

**300**

**400**

**500**

**600**

**700**

**800**

**1995**

**July -**

**1996**

**1997**

**1998**

**1999**

**2000**

**2001**

**2002**

**2003**

**2004**

**-June**

**Year of First SCC Test**

**Herds**

**Northeast**

**Midwest**

**Northwest****	**

**Southeast ****	**

**Southwest ****	**

## Methods

**Model:**
**SCS****Herd TD**** = Herd + Season + Test month + Time on test**
**Where:**
**Season = calendar month**
**Test month = months since June 1995**
**Time on test = months since herd’s  ****	****first SCC test **

## Herd Somatic Cell Score 

## Regional Herd SCS

## Persistence in Testing 

**Persistence in Testing **

| Herds testing: |  |
| --- | --- |
| <1 year | (678) |
| >1 year | (2272) |

## Mastitis Based Culling Decisions

**2100 Herds with cows coded “culled for mastitis”**

## Mastitis Based Culling Decisions

**Mastitis Based Culling Decisions**

**Northeast ****	****(841)**

**Midwest ****	****(1011)**

**Northwest****	****(39)**

**Southeast ****	****(151)**

**Southwest ****	****(58)**

## Seasonal Effects by Region

**-0.15**

**-0.10**

**-0.05**

**0**

**0.05**

**0.10**

**0.15**

**0.20**

**0.25**

**0.30**

**Jan**

**Feb**

**Mar**

**Apr**

**May**

**Jun**

**Jul**

**Aug**

**Sep**

**Oct**

**Nov**

**Dec**

**Month**

**Herd SCS Effect**

## Summary

**Participation in mastitis screening may be helpful in reducing bulk tank SCC.**
**SCS is seasonally affected.**
**Culling for mastitis increased slightly during the first months on SCC testing.**

## Related Areas of Interest

**Effect of changes in milking frequency on herd SCS**
**Effect of herd size and changes in herd size on herd SCS**
**Impact of individual cows (culling) vs. herd-wide effects on herd SCS**
# Presentation: 813443

## Code 210 Training Forum May 14, 2008Agenda

- Welcome/Introduction
- ISO General Principles
- ISO Basics for Code 210
- Upcoming ISO Audits
- Code 210 Self-Assessment Summary
- Wrap-up

## Code 210 Training Forum May 14, 2008Applicable Procurement Documents in GDMS

- Directly Applicable (Procurement has Primary Responsibility):
- 	GPR 5100.1F – Procurement
- 	GPR 5100.2B – Supplier Performance Evaluations
- 	210-WI-5100.1.3C – Bank of America Mastercard Credit 	Card Procurement Cardholder Procedure
- 	210-WI-5104.0.1 – Contract Closeout Procedures
- Related (Procurement has Supporting Role):
- 	GPR 5100.3F – Quality Assurance Letter of Delegation
- 	GPR 5100.4D – Supplier Quality Audits

## Code 210 Training Forum May 14, 2008Previous Audit Experience

- Previous audits have focused on:
- NF 1680’s, Supplier Performance Evaluations – are they in the file, up to date, and did you comply with the required process?
- Award fee process – are we complying with Performance Evaluation Plan, is there traceability from PEB events to FDO letter?
- Contractor Surveillance Plans – are we performing the actions stated in Plan?  Is the Plan specific to the type of contract and nature of the work being performed?
- COTR Delegation Letters – are they up-to-date and accurately completed?  Is COTR aware of his/her duties?

## Code 210 Training Forum May 14, 2008Previous Audit Experience (cont.)

- COTR Training – how do you ensure your COTR is qualified?
- Letters of Delegation for Contract Administration and Audit – are they up-to-date and accurate?
- DD 250’s/Acceptance of Deliverables – is there documentation in the file (as required by the contract) to indicate our acceptance of all deliverables?  Is there evidence of corrective action in the event of non-conforming deliverables?
- NF 1098, Contract File Checklist – is it included in file as required, and up-to-date?  Does the file contain all indicated documents?

## Code 210 Training Forum May 14, 2008General Audit Expectations

- All aspects of procurement process are subject to review, so any item in file could be questioned
- Having good documentation is important; auditors may ask to see evidence of follow-up on issues (e.g., for late or non-conforming deliverables)
- Knowing where our written procedures are located and how to access them is critical
- Official versions of our requirements (FAR, NFS, PIC’s, etc) are on-line; we do not rely on printed versions to contain latest guidance

## Code 210 Training Forum May 14, 2008Upcoming ISO Events

- Internal Audit
- May 15 - 30, 2008
- Conducted by 2 to 3 on-site ISO personnel
- Will review Code 210 policies and procedures, and conduct limited review of contract files
- Preparation for Center-wide recertification audit
- Center Recertification Audit
- September 2008 (exact dates TBD)
- Conducted by team of outside, independent audit firm
- Procurement scheduled to be an area of emphasis
- Will review Code 210 policies and procedures, and may conduct more extensive contract file reviews
_*We need to do our share to help the Center get recertified*_
# Presentation: 458976

## Integrating Ethics into Graduate Training in the Environmental Sciences

- Michelle Stickler
- Education Specialist
- The Pennsylvania State University

- Funded by the National Science Foundation:  # 0529766

## Acknowledgements

- Research Team:
- Donald Brown (case developer)
- Ken Davis (case developer)
- Klaus Keller (case developer)
- Rich Ready (case developer)
- Erich Schienke (case/manual developer)
- Jim Shortle (case developer)
- Nancy Tuana (PI)
- IRB approval from PSU

## Educational Objective

- Develop ethics education modules that can be integrated into science curricula
- Geosciences
- Agricultural economics
- Develop and test at PSU
- Make available broadly

## Module Topics

- RCR
- Data analysis
- Sustainability
- Cost/benefit analysis
- Environmental risk-analysis
- Decision-making under uncertainty

## RCR Module

- Introduction to research misconduct
- Responsible authorship
- Authorship credit and responsibility
- When and what to publish
- Data sharing
- Conflict of interest
- In peer review
- In expert testimony

## Objectivity Module

- Ethical question – can research truly be objective
- Influences that shape how a problem is defined, studied, and reported
- Differences in standards of objectivity

## Benefit-Cost Analysis Module

- Ethical evaluation of 3 common criteria for evaluating social welfare change
- Argument – need for deeper evaluation of benefits and costs

## Uncertainty Module

- When is it ethical to publish results likely to influence policy when subject to uncertainty
- Inherent ethical decisions in treatment of uncertainty
- Differences between scientific / policy arenas
- Data analysis and dissemination issues

## Research Question

- Does ethical training embedded within the curriculum correlate with a better understanding and/or attitudes toward RCR than RCR training alone?

## Research Groups

|  | RCR Module | Ethics Module | Pre- Tests | Post-Tests |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 
Exp 1 | 
X | 
X | 
X | 
X |
| 
Exp 2 | 
X |  | 
X | 
X |
| 
Control |  |  | 
X | 
X |

## Assessments

- Principles of RCR
- multiple choice knowledge assessment
- Attitudes Towards RCR
- Scenario based assessment
- Identify acceptable vs. unacceptable scenarios on 4 point scale
- Qualitative explanation of choice

## Progress

- Module development - ongoing
- Pilot testing of instruments - Spring 2006
- Revisions to instruments – Summer 2006
- 2nd reliability testing – early Fall 2006
- Start of data collection – Fall 2006

## Challenges and Limitations

- Inconsistency in delivery
- Enrolling sufficient number of participants

## Summary

- Curricular development: ethics / RCR modules embedded in science courses
- Research: comparing impact of 1) stand-alone RCR education and 2) RCR and ethics in the curriculum on knowledge and attitudes