# Presentation: 102194

## CDF Status and Prospects for Run 2

**CDF Status and Prospects for Run 2**

- Tara Shears

## Introduction

**Accelerator / detector overview:**
- Tevatron overview
- CDF overview
- Luminosity
**Physics prospects and first results:**
- QCD, Heavy flavour, Electroweak, Searches
**Conclusions**

## Tevatron overview

## The Tevatron

**CDF****:**
**706 people**
**12 countries**

**D0****:**
**650 people**
**18 countries**

## Tevatron operating parameters

|  | Run 1 | Run 2 | Now |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date | 1992 – 1996 | 2001 - 2009 | 2003 |
| Integrated Luminosity | 110 pb-1 | 5.0 – 9.5 fb-1 | 160 pb |
| c.m. energy | 1.8 TeV | 1.96 TeV | 1.96 TeV |
| Luminosity | 2 x 1031 cm-2 s-1 | 2 x 1032 cm-1 s-1 | 4.8 x 1031 cm-2 s-1
    |
| Bunch spacing | 3.5 s | 396 – 132 ns | 396 ns |

**Notes:**
Make less boring/ current as 3rd status
Find out int lumi plans (15?)

## CDF

## CDF

**XFT,SVT triggers**

**Notes:**
New: Svx 50cm ->92 cm in z
COT 96 dE/dx samples, 132 ns drift time, 0.4 –1.2m radius
more muon coverage, more e coverage + extra tracking (isl)
new daq, new l1+l2 triggers

## Slide 8

## Silicon system

- 3 separate detectors:
- L00 (radius 1.5-2 cm)
- SVX (radius 2.5-10.5cm)
- ISL (radius 20–30 cm)
- Covers +- 50 cm in z
- ~750 000 channels!
- Installed in March 01

## Si performance

- % silicon ladders integrated

- % average error

**~ 90% good and operational**

## SVT Level 2 Trigger

**Level 2 hadronic B trigger**
- (d0) ~ 48 m
- 15 s operation
- online primary vertex finding, tracking
- trigger on displaced  tracks

**M(hh)**

**Notes:**
level 1 50 kHz max rate

## TOF Performance

- TOF resolution within **10 –20%** of design value (100 ps)
- Calibration ongoing

**TOF**

- S/N = 2354/93113

- S/N = 1942/4517

**eg. ******

## Luminosity

## Integrated luminosity

**Integrated luminosity**

**Total lumi (pb****-1****)**

**May. 2003**

**Mar. 2001**

- Run 1 lumi

- 50-80pb-1 will be shown

## Physics in Run 2

## Physics in Run 2

| QCD | Jet cross-section, shapes multijet events |
| --- | --- |
| Heavy flavour | Lifetimes, cross-section, Bc, B, Bs studies, CP violation, xs |
| Electroweak | W: mass, width, gauge couplings
Top: mass, cross-section, branching ratios
 |
| Searches | Higgs
SUSY, compositeness, leptoquarks etc.
 |

**# events in 1 fb****-1**

- 1014

- 1011

- 104

- 107

**Notes:**
Have backup chiarelli

## QCD

**Consistent over 7 orders of magnitude                   deviation at high Et**

**Vital to understand QCD in order to perform precision/search physics**

**BUT**

**Run 1 inclusive jet cross section**

**Notes:**
Concise 

Motivation: discrepancies at run 1 ... in new physics discovery region
Good over orders of magnitude => good for precision 

## SM explanation 

- SM explanation

**Important ****gluon-gluon**** and **
**gluon-quark**** contributions at high Et**
**Gluon PDF @ high x not well known.**

**Run 2 - more high Et jets:**
- Test QCD at high Et
- Discriminate between new physics and gluon PDF

**New bins for Run 2**

**Notes:**
Practise intro to run 1

Want cross section with et plot here

## Dijet mass

**Highest Et jets seen **
**at the Tevatron!**

**M(jj)=1364 GeV/c****2**

**Consistent with SM**

## Heavy flavour

**Run 2 improvements:**
- Better tracking systems
- TOF for K- separation
- Displaced track triggers
- Increased lumi for rare decays

**Tevatron only place to study Bs, b baryons, Bc**

**Measurements in Run 2:**
- Bs mass, lifetime, mixing
- CP from Bs, B0
- B baryon lifetime, mass
- Rare decays, Bc study

**Notes:**
Get Ms from Bs mixing: ms/m_d give Vts/Vtd
Break up: just mention two points for triggers

## Heavy flavour using J/

**Inclusive B lifetime:**
- Tracking + alignment proof
- <b>=1.526  0.034  0.035 ps (CDF)
- (PDG 02: 1.564  0.014 ps)

**Notes:**
Split into two 

D0 B+
Put down cdf taub .. Differentiate by columns /colours + pdg
Distinguish between proof of prinicple and important

## Heavy flavour using J/

- Heavy flavour using J/

**Exclusive B reconstruction:**
- (Bs)=1.26  0.2  0.02 ps
- (PDG 02: 1.46  0.057 ps)
- m(Bs)=5360.3  3.8 +2.1-2.9 MeV
- (PDG 02: 5369.6  2.4 MeV)

- BsJ/

- BJ/

**Notes:**
Split into two 

D0 B+
Put down cdf taub .. Differentiate by columns /colours + pdg
Distinguish between proof of prinicple and important

## Heavy flavour using SVT+TOF

**Allows exclusive hadronic  decay mode reconstruction:**

**Notes:**
Make into sep. transparencies

Get rid of writing ... combine with SVT somehow

Mbs 2nd best after cdf run 1
Delta ms propto x_s B_s mixing cp eigenstates measure lifetime diff 
Greater diff means faster oscillation – complementary to standard

##     x = m/

-     x = m/

**P****mix****(t) = 0.5*(1-cos(********m t))**

- Oscillation freq.

- width

- e-t/

- Currently: xs > 14.6
**Projection for 15 fb****-1**:
- 20 000 Bs decays
- Effective tagging eff. *2 cf. Run 1
- Sensitive to **x****s**** < 63**

- Bs mixing

##  m  fL
Separate eigenstates and measure each lifetime

BS  DS+ DS-  (CP even)      Work continuing in triggering on these difficult hadronic modes (track/vertex/reconstuct)
BS   J/(CP even&odd) Different angular distribution for  allow separation of CP even and odd states
BS  J/(CP odd)

-  ******m ******** ********f****************L******
- Separate eigenstates and measure each lifetime
***B******S****** ************ D******S******+ ******D******S******-**** ** (****CP even****)      *Work continuing in triggering on these difficult hadronic modes (track/vertex/reconstuct)
***B******S****** ************  J/************(****CP even&odd****) *Different angular distribution for ** allow separation of CP even and odd states
***B******S***** *********** J/************(****CP odd****)*

**complementary method**

- Bs mixing

**Notes:**
bigger delta m, bigger delta width
delta width = 1/t1 – 1/t2 = (t2-t1)/t1t2
ie delta m propto delta t propto x_s. Bigger x_s, easier method to use

9000 j/psi phi in run 2
br(bs->dsds)<20% @95%

## Bs mixing reach

**Not much lumi needed for quick limit BUT:**
**Need had. B trigger**
**Need tracking at full spec.**
**Need tagging understood**
**=> Results summer 2004?**

## Charm: M(Ds+)-m(D+)

**Cross-check of lattice QCD, HQET charm mass**
**Use large SVT triggered charm sample**

**Submitted to PRD!**

**m(D****+****s****)-m(D****+****) = 99.41 ******** 0.38 ******** 0.21 MeV/c****2**
**PDG 02: 99.2 ******** 0.5**** ****MeV/c****2**

**Notes:**
What is intrinsic interest of this measurement?
Application of hadronic trigger
Babar  98.4 +-0.1 +-0.3

## Electroweak physics

## Electroweak:W,Z

**Run 2 benefits:**
- (W), (Z)  12 %
- (WW), (ZZ)  13 - 22%

**W,Z essential calibration signals for high Et physics**

**Measurements in 2fb****-1****:**
- m(W) measured to 40 MeV (sys. dominated - theory)
- (W) measured to 30 MeV
- couplings measured to ~0.3

**Notes:**
Check of luminosity
Constrains proton pdf – uncertainty in u,d pdf at high Et

## Electroweak: W candidates

**W->******

**W->e******

**38628 candidates in 72 pb****-1**

**21599 candidates in 72 pb****-1**

## Electroweak: Z candidates

- 1631 candidates in 72 pb-1

**Z->******

- 1830 candidates in 72 pb-1

**Z->ee**

## Electroweak: top

**12%**

**l****  ****q****  q**

**44%**

**44 %**

**l****   ****l****   q**

**Run 2 benefits:**
****(tt)  40%
- More luminosity
- Increased b tagging efficiency + lepton acceptance

**Tevatron only place to study top until LHC startup**

**Measurements in 2 fb****-1****:**
- m(top) ~ 1.2% (cf. 2.9%)
****(tt) ~ 10% (cf. 25%)
****(single top) ~ 20% (1st!)
- |Vtb| ~ 12% (1st!)

******************q**

**********q********q**

**Notes:**
Move up feynamn
Below have 3 numbers for each , say how we find   ~100 tt events seen in run 1
L+jets1:1
L+l 2:1
Qqqq 1:7

## First dilepton tt candidate

## Top Results 

- Top Results

**M(top) = 171.2 ******** 13.4****stat**** ******** 9.9****sys**** GeV/c****2**** **

**PRELIMINARY**

- M(top) (run1) = 176.1 ± 6.6 GeV/c2

**Notes:**
Link to higggs ....... Ronan plot to say why we do this
Run 2 preliminary
Run 1 m(t) = 9 gev?
D0 lumi ll 33-42 (emu-mumu)
CDF ll 72 pb-1 l+jets 49.5pb-1
Cdf l+jets 57.5 pb-1  secvtx b efff 45%, c eff 2%, uds 0.5%

Mtop: 72 pb-1 33 cands 13 background events (W+4 jet, diboson,drell yan, single top) sys 9.3 GeV from jet energy scale (cf.4.4 run 1) 11 cands when b tag applied (55pb-1, relax 4th jet requirement)

## Top mass motivation

**Run 2 expected precision**

**Notes:**
Insight into symmetry breaking by mH
From loop corrections ~ ln(H) electroweak radiative corrections to w mass through top (quad), higgs (ln)

## Electroweak: single top

-  (t) ~ 0.9 pb (W*)
-  (t) ~ 2.4 pb (Wg)
-  ******(t) ********|V****tb****|****2**
- Tag by 1 high Pt e,  + 2 jets ( 1 b) + Et
- Signal = peak in Wb invariant mass plot

**/**

**Notes:**
signal ~100 events / fb (+- 50 GeV round top mass)
background W+bb, ~ 200 events / fb
more theoretical uncertainties in Wg fusion than W*(initial state effects can be measured by drell-yan) 
sep. processes by b-tagging (double tag in W* 5x more than Wg)

## Searches

## Production and Decay of Higgs

- 2 fb-1 data: ~ 2,000 Higgs     (200 in association with W,Z)
- Backgrounds much larger than at LEP

## Higgs: rates

| channel | rate | mH=110 | mH=120 | mH=130 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| lvbb | s
b | 4.8
19 | 4.4
26 | 3.7
46 |
| bb | s
b | 4.6
36 | 3.2
39 | 2.1
30 |
| llbb | s
b | 0.9
3.2 | 0.6
23 | 0.4
1.9 |
| qqbb | s
b | 3.5
2800 | 2.5
2300 | 1.3
2000 |

## Discover m(H) ~120 GeV, exclude m(H) ~ 190 GeV

- Expected Luminosity in Run 2 (updated)

- Exclude m(H) ~130 GeV

- Expected Luminosity in Run 2

**Note: all numbers under review (new estimates for summer)**

## SUSY: stop

**stop decays:**
- (eg.)  t b 1
- 1+  l  0
- (or) t  b W 0
-                   W  l 
**tag with b jet + lepton + Etmiss**

- ~

- ~

- ~

- ~

- ~

- ~

**Notes:**
light stop predicted due to high top mass + large yukawa coupling
ppbar -> stop stop dependent only on m(stop)
bkg. tt, bb, cc, w->lv + >=1 jet, gam/Z->ll + >=1 jet, Wg fusion, fakes
br (chi1+) ->chi0 ~ 11%. saw 81 events run 1 exp. 86.2 +-5

## SUSY: trilepton topology

- Study lepton spectra for
- sensitivity to different SUSY
- models
- eg. +1 + 02 are produced, 01 is LSP

- Specific search for decays
**********+ ********** ********0****1**** l ******
******0****2 **********  ********0****1**** l l**** **
- 3 leptons, often enriched in taus

- ~

- ~

- ~

- ~

- ~

- ~

- ~

**Notes:**
eff. 3-12% for chargino mass 50-100 GeV

## SUSY: trilepton spectra

**Run 2 exclusion limits for 2 models:**

**Notes:**
Run 1 : mu = -600: aleph limit 86 GeV cf. Tev. 81.5 GeV MSSM (tan beta = 2, mu < 0, A0=0)
exp. bkg 1.2 +-0.2 events, bkg WZ, ZZ, Zb, ... 3-12% eff

## SUSY: eeEt

- SUSY: eeEt

**ee********Et event in Run 1:**
- radiative decay of neutralino to gravitino? (gravitino lsp)
- pp  i +j-
-       01 01 + X
-   G G + X
- Look for more events, +  channel in Run 2

**/**

- ~

- ~

- ~

- ~

- ~

- ~

- _

**/**

**Notes:**
gravitino lsp, neutralino->gamma gravitino
pp->chargino chargino,  chargino-> neutralino + X, ->gamgam GG +X
m(chargino) limit 150 GeV (95%)

## Searches: diphoton

**Diphoton:**
- GMSB: radiative decay to LSP (gravitino)
- If neutralino NLSP:

- /

***M******C ******> 113 GeV/c******2******  @  95% C.L.***

******E****t**

**Notes:**

List other searches

Pt(gamma)>20 (d0), >13 cdf
Cdf see 1365 events (95 et>25)
50 pb-1 d0 chargino mass>66 (75 run 1)

## SUSY: projected limits

**Expected limits for Run 2:**

**(taken from Savoy-Navarra, EPS 99)**

## Conclusions

## Conclusions

**Run 2** has **just started** at the Tevatron
- New c.m. energy, high luminosity, new detectors
**Exciting program of physics** ahead
- Tevatron only place where top can be studied
- Possibility of Higgs + new physics
- Many areas of electroweak, heavy flavour and QCD physics to explore
**Run 2 physics underway ... watch this space!!**

## Backup slides

## Jet Cross Section vs 

- QCD sub-processes at small angles
- Central jets are more likely to signal new physics (hep-ph 0303013)

## Peak fill luminosity

- Run II

**Peak fill luminosity**

**peak**
**lumi**

**05/03**

**03/01**

## Tevatron Operations

**Many reasons for not reaching design lumi**

## Electroweak: m(W) errors

| Error | Run1b
W  e  | Run 1b
W   | 2 fb-1
W  e  | 2 fb-1
W   |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| statistical | 65 MeV | 100 MeV | 14 MeV | 20 MeV |
| lepton energy/momentum scale | 75 MeV | 85 MeV | 20 MeV | 15 MeV |
| lepton energy/momentum resolution | 25 MeV | 20 MeV | 8 MeV | 6 MeV |
| W production model | 47 MeV | 44 MeV | 30 MeV | 30 MeV |
| Fitting, selection etc. | 5 MeV | 31 MeV | 14 MeV | 16 MeV |
| Total | 113 MeV | 143 MeV | 42 MeV | 40 MeV |

- Run 1b= 110 pb-1

**Notes:**
run 2: 34 MeV in common in total error. 25 MeV due to pdf

## Heavy flavour physics

## Heavy flavour physics: lifetimes

- First measurements which CDF will perform in b sector
- Necessary step towards oscillation
- Best measurement of **B****s****0****, ********b**.  (Unique)

- HQET:
- (B+ )/  (B0 )=1.05
-  ( Bs0)/  (B0 )=1.00
-  (b)/  (B0 )=0.9 to 1.0
- Experiment:
******(********b****)/ ******** (B****0**** ) is 0.78+-.04**

**2 fb****-1****:**
- 3000 Bs => (cBs)) ~ 0.03 ps
- 2000B => (cB)) ~ 0.04 ps

**Notes:**
world average lifetime Bs to 62 MeV
worldaverage lifetime lambda b to 80 MeV

## Heavy flavour physics: lifetimes

## Heavy flavour physics: lifetimes

- Millions of B mesons have already been produced in RunII.
- Need to trigger and identify relevant decays.  **Leptons ‘easy’**; hadrons difficult

**Look for J/******** ******** ********* *

* ***c********=458****±10±11 ********m**** (469±4 ********m)**

**XFT,SVT**

**Next step: B****s****, ********B ****lifetimes...**

- ~ 46%

## Exclusive lifetimes

**Bs**

**B0**

**B+**

******(B+)**

**c********=446 ****±43****stat.**** ±13****syst.**** ********m**

- (502 **±** 5)

## Higgs

- Look in diffractive mode *pp* *** pHp*
- Reconstuct from missing mass of *pp *system* *

**25-30 GeV mass resolution standard method,**
** ****~ 0.5 GeV resolution diffractive mode**

## Higgs

- Signal (Cudell, Hernandez)

- Background

****** ****small @ Tevatron,**
**reasonable at LHC**

**Notes:**
lhc ... 4 sigma h->gamma gamma => 3 sigma in diffractive channel