# Presentation: 402147

## Optical Networking – Industry PerspectiveONT-2, version 2                                  13 Sept 2005

- Joe Berthold
- Ciena

## Oral Presentation

## Optical Technology

- 192 channels in C-band
- ULH >3000 KM
- ROADMs
- Tunable transceivers
- OTN encapsulation of 10GE
- Electronic dispersion compensation
- 40G transceivers

- Fiber lease cost

- Optical Equipment cost

- You are here

- Plenty of Technology Is Available Today

- Emphasis is on technology that _*lowers*_ overall network cost

- Programmable Interfaces

***Software controlled Interfaces***

## InteroperabilityEthernet Services over Optical Control Plane

**7 Carrier Labs Worldwide**

**13 Vendors, 70 Network Elements**

**April-June 2005**

## Important Research Topics

- Control Plane
- Good progress is being made on lower layer signaling and routing
- Strongly support ongoing work on service creation  and service management environments
- High Bandwidth Service Interfaces
- N X 10 G interfaces for bandwidth intensive applications
- 100 GE as the next step in the Ethernet family

## Additional Material

## Introduction

- The technologies are here today to support large scale, highly reliable dynamic optical networks
- Optical networking product costs have declined dramatically over the last years
- Widespread availability of optical services to the research community is gated primarily by funding and organizational issues

## Questions for this Workshop

- What network services does the application research community need?
- Bandwidth granularity – N X 50 Mb/s, GE, 10GE optical services
- Infrastructure sharing models – dedicated partition, scheduled access
- Control models – routing/signaling; middleware; management
- How should we support simultaneous _*application*_ research and _*network*_ research, i.e. protocol, middleware, and management research, on a shared infrastructure?
- Partition of infrastructure; both backbone and selected domains
- Application research partition uses the appropriate control model
- Networking research partitions 1, 2, 3 use appropriate control model

## Need for Service Layer Management

- Users need dependable, robust, deterministic services
- No bit errors! This means < 10-15 bit error rate
- Continuous end-to-end performance monitoring; statistics available to user
- Users have access to connection history
- Historical performance records, complete set of statistics
- Historical routing information allows correlation of performance problems with actions
- When faults occur, they are found and repaired quickly
- Faults localization among network domains
- Within a domain, localization to faulty equipment
- No truck rolls to debug problems!

## Service Bandwidth Tradeoffs

- 10 GE optical services
- Applications that can use full 10 G services continuously are limited
- ~10 optical users supported on modest national scale optical infrastructure
- Services limited to a few large, well funded projects
- 1 GE optical services
- Larger number of applications would benefit from GE optical services
- ~100 optical users supported
- 1 GE interfaces; 50 Mb/s granularity optical services
- Bandwidth allocation can match needs of application
- ~100-2000 optical users supported

- Bandwidth flexibility broadens value of infrastructure

## Optical Network-Based Services

- 2005 – services possible today
- Management (EMS) controlled SONET/SDH services, wavelength services, Fiber Channel transport, GE, 10GE; Control plane based optical services for SONET/SDH interfaces from 155 Mb/s to 10Gb/s in single domain; optical VPN services; end-to-end service layer management
- 2006
- Control plane based optical services for GE and 10GE within single domain
- 2007
- Multi-domain control plane based optical services
- 2008
- 2009
- 100 GE optical services

## Optical Technologies

- 2005 – Available today
- 1.92 Tbit/sec transmission system capacity, C-band tunable transceivers, ULH (> 3000KM), ROADMs, distributed “digital network” control plane (O-UNI 1.0 (SONET/SDH), basic G.ASON, GMPLS), electronic dispersion compensation, 40G transmission, sub-wavelength multiplexing of Gigabit Ethernet (SONET/SDH; 50/150 Mb/s granularity), transparent multiplexing of GE, 10GE with digital wrapper
- 2006
- O-UNI 2.0 (Ethernet, OTN), cost-effective tunable filters
- 2007
- Multidomain control plane (G.ASON E-NNI) standardization complete
- 2008
_*Practical*_ all-optical (transparent photonic) layer control plane, tunable optical networking
- 2009
- 100GE

## Interoperability Capabilities

- 2005 – domain interfaces likely to work today
- GE over SONET/SDH interfaces, native GE interfaces, native 10GE LAN PHY interfaces, SONET/SDH interfaces; O-UNI 1.0 (SONET/SDH) control plane enabled interfaces within single domain
- 2006
- O-UNI 2.0 (Ethernet) control plane enabled interfaces within single domain
- 2007
- Control plane enables interfaces across multiple domains
- 2008
- 2009
- 100GE interfaces

## Interoperability Issues – Data Plane

- Wide area transport of 10 GE LAN PHY signal
- Need fault localization and performance monitoring features of SONET
- OTN framing provides this, plus provision for forward error correction
- OTN – Optical Transport Network –ITU’s G.709
- Several mapping options exist, most restricting transparency of signal
- 10 GE WAN PHY, 10 GE into SONET with GFP, 10 GE into ODU-2 with GFP
- ODU-2+ uses OTN format, with clock increased to allow full 10GE transparency
- Wide Area transport of GE signal
- Needs to be transported within 10G (or faster) wave in wide area for bandwidth efficiency
- SONET encapsulations
- Allows finer bandwidth granularity (N X 50 Mb/s) with GFP, Virtual Concatenation
- OTN encapsulations
- Standard encapsulation is inefficient (GE consumes 2.5G bandwidth)
- OTN extension allows efficiency and transparency

- Choices need to be made on interface signals and encapsulation formats

## Suggested Near-Term Areas of Focus

- Select a few data plane interfaces to focus on
- User service interfaces – e.g. GE, 10GE LAN PHY, SONET/SDH
- Network-network interfaces – e.g. Ethernet over SONET, GE, 10GE, SONET/SDH
- Choose mode of sharing common resources
- Time sharing vs. network partitioning
- This choice drives control plane/management control decision
- Select the best near-term way to automate control between network domains
- Is a management interface better suited to service model than a control plane?
- Put in place a mechanism to allow end-to-end service layer management
- Be sure you can localize faults rapidly
-  Be able to continuously measure quality of the optical service delivered to the end-user

## Long Term Areas of Focus

- Beyond 10G wave services
- NX10G wave services – concatenated wave services
- Get ready for 100 GE
- Exploratory work is beginning
- Multidomain control plane for optical VPNs
- Plan to keep domain-domain interfaces digital

## Progress Toward Optical Interoperability

- Including both Control Plane and Data Plane
- OIF Worldwide Optical Interoperability Demonstration
- April-June  2005

## Second Worldwide Demonstration(first was in 2004)

- World's leading optical technology carriers and suppliers
- 7 carriers and 13 vendors invested significant time and resources to complete the demonstration
- Collaborating to build a global optical network delivering Ethernet services
- Global Reach
- 3 Continents, 6 Countries
- Trans-Atlantic, Trans-Pacific network connection set-up

## Carrier Participants 

## Vendor Participants

## Technical Highlights

- The network consists of over 70 nodes from 13 vendors in the 7 carrier labs
- Equipment includes Ethernet switches, routers, MSPPs, SONET/SDH cross-connects, OADMs, ROADMs
- Ethernet Services demonstrated:
- Ethernet Private Line service
- Enabled by OIF optical control plane
- Virtual Ethernet services (Virtual Private Line, Virtual Private LAN, Internet Access/Virtual Trunking)
- Enabled by VLAN tags

## Making it Happen

- Demonstration Timeline

- May

- April

- March

- Feb

- Jan

- 4Q04

**Base spec defined**
**Initial event planning**

**Spec completion**
**Formal commitments**

**Intra-lab testing begins**

**Test content defined**
**Verbal commitments**

**Global testing begins**

**Global testing completed**

**Regional testing begins**

**Equipment installed**
**Signaling network in place**

**2005**

*****

*** After demonstration, technical results and potential enhancements to specs are provided by OIF to other organizations (e.g. ITU-T, IETF, MEF)**

## Architecture Model

**Carrier C**
**Domain**

**OIF UNI**

**OIF E-NNI**

**OIF UNI**

**Carrier A**
**Domain**

**Carrier B**
**Domain**

**OIF E-NNI**

**NE**

**NE**

**NE**

**NE**

**NE**

**NE**

**NE**

**NE**

**NE**

**NE**

**Carrier C Domain**

**OIF E-NNI**

**I-NNI**

**Vendor 1**
**Domain**

**Vendor 2**
** ****Domain**

**UNI-N**

**UNI-C**

**Ethernet**
**Client**

**Ethernet**
**Client**

- Domains can be advertised as
- Multiple exposed border nodes with virtual intra-domain links (vendor 1) or
- Single abstract node (vendor 2)

- _User-Network Interface (UNI)_: signaling interface for clients to request services from optical network
- _External Network-Network Interface (E-NNI)_: signaling and routing interface providing call/connection control and topology
- Domain edges provide interworking between vendor-specific Internal NNI (I-NNI) and OIF UNI-N/E-NNI protocols

## Control Plane Features 

**Carrier C**
**Domain**

**OIF UNI**

**OIF E-NNI**

**OIF UNI**

**Carrier A**
**Domain**

**Carrier B**
**Domain**

**OIF E-NNI**

**NE**

**NE**

**NE**

**NE**

**NE**

**NE**

**Ethernet**
**Client**

**Ethernet**
**Client**

**Ethernet Layer Call/Connection Flow**

**SONET/SDH Layer Call/Connection Flow**

**UNI-N**

**UNI-N**

**UNI-C**

**UNI-C**

- Major innovations demonstrated:
- OIF UNI 2.0 support for Ethernet clients
- OIF UNI 2.0 call control based on ASON
- UNI-N devices integrate multi-layer functions of the control plane
- The clients and the remainder of the carrier network are not impacted, since they are only concerned with one layer

- Ethernet

- Ethernet

- SONET/SDH

## Data Plane Features 

**Carrier C**
**Domain**

**OIF UNI**

**OIF E-NNI**

**OIF UNI**

**Carrier A**
**Domain**

**Carrier B**
**Domain**

**OIF E-NNI**

**NE**

**NE**

**NE**

**NE**

**NE**

**NE**

**Ethernet**
**Client**

**Ethernet**
**Client**

**.**
**.**
**.**

**Virtual Concatenation Group (21 STS-1 or 7 VC-4)**

**.**
**.**
**.**

**.**
**.**
**.**

**GbE**

**GbE**

- Ethernet

- Ethernet

- SONET/SDH

- Major innovations demonstrated:
- Ethernet over SONET/SDH adaptation using GFP/VCAT/LCAS
- Creation and deletion of VCGs triggered by UNI connection requests
- The edge devices integrate multi-layer functions of the data plane
- The clients and the remainder of the carrier network are not impacted, since they are only concerned with one layer

## Service Invocation

**Service Invocation**

- 1

- 2

- 3

- 4

**Carrier C**
**Domain**

**OIF E-NNI**

**Carrier A**
**Domain**

**Carrier B**
**Domain**

**OIF E-NNI**

**NE**

**NE**

**NE**

**NE**

**NE**

**NE**

**Ethernet**
**Clients**

**Ethernet**
**Clients**

- Ethernet

- Ethernet

- SONET/SDH

- Services enabled by control plane signaling (clients 1, 4)
- Ethernet Private Line Service (E-Line Service Type)
- Services enabled by data plane VLAN tags (clients 2, 3)
- Ethernet Virtual Private Line (E-Line Service Type)
- Virtual Private LAN (E-LAN Service Type)
- Internet Access/Virtual Trunking (E-Line service type with multiplexed access)

**Combining Optical Control Plane with Ethernet Service**

## Major Accomplishments

- Multi-layer call/connection control of UNI-N devices
- Orchestrates actions between client and server layers
- Controls Ethernet adaptation using GFP-F/VCAT/LCAS
- Creation of end-end calls and connections across:
- Multiple data plane layers
- Multiple vendors’ equipment
- Multiple carrier labs
- The major features (1) Ethernet over SONET/SDH adaptation and (2) distributed optical control planes have each been demonstrated before
*However, this is the first event bringing both together in an integrated fashion on a global scale*