# Presentation: 669406

## Douglas Leonard

**Department of Astronomy, San Diego State University **

**Constraining the Type Ia Supernova Progenitor:**
**  ****The Search for ****Hydrogen**** in Nebular Spectra**

**(Image:  Marietta et al. 2000)**

## Hydrogen is entrained in the ejecta:

** ****Wheeler et al. (1975)**
** ****Fryxell & Arnett (1981)**
** ****Taam & Fryxell (1984)**
** ****Chugai (1986)**
** ****Livne et al. (1992)**
** ****Marietta et al. (2000)**

**(Credit:  Marietta, Burrows & Fryxell 2000; simulation **
**  ****available at:  **http://zenith.as.arizona.edu/~burrows/**)**

## How Much Hydrogen?

| Progenitor
  System | Secondary
     Star |     Mass
  Transfer | Separation
     (a/R) |   Stripped
 Mass (M  ) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|   HCV |    MS |  RLOF |     3.0 |    0.15 |
|              HCVa
             HCVb
             HCVc |    MS |     |          4.0
         6.0
       12.0 |        0.074
       0.022
       0.0018 |
|  HCVL |    SG |  RLOF |    2.78 |    0.17 |
| HALGOL |    RG |  RLOF |    2.52 |    0.54 |
|  SYMB |    RG |  Wind |    3.16 |    0.53 |

_**How Much Hydrogen?**_

**(Marietta, Burrows & Fryxell 2000)**

## How Much Hydrogen?

| Progenitor
  System | Secondary
     Star |     Mass
  Transfer | Separation
     (a/R) |   Stripped
 Mass (M  ) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|   HCV |    MS |  RLOF |     3.0 |    0.15 |
|              HCVa
             HCVb
             HCVc |    MS |     |          4.0
         6.0
       12.0 |        0.074
       0.022
       0.0018 |
|  HCVL |    SG |  RLOF |    2.78 |    0.17 |
| HALGOL |    RG |  RLOF |    2.52 |    0.54 |
|  SYMB |    RG |  Wind |    3.16 |    0.53 |

_**How Much Hydrogen?**_

**(Marietta, Burrows & Fryxell 2000)**

## (Mattila et al. 2005)

**(Mattila et al. 2005)**

## SN 2005am

| Supernova |    Day | Telescope | Exposure (s) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |    269 |  Gemini N |   10,800 |
|  SN 2005cf |    356 |  Keck I |   11,100 |
|  |    386 |  Keck I |     6,600 |
|  |    301 |  Keck I |     7,200 |
|  |    384 |  Gemini S |   10,400 |

_**Nebular-Phase Spectroscopy of Normal SNe Ia**_

## SN 2005am

| Supernova |    Day | Telescope | Exposure (s) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |    269 |  Gemini N |   10,800 |
|  SN 2005cf |    356 |  Keck I |   11,100 |
|  |    386 |  Keck I |     6,600 |
|  |    301 |  Keck I |     7,200 |
|  |    384 |  Gemini S |   10,400 |

## Slide 8

## Slide 9

## Slide 10

## SN 2005am

| Supernova |    Day | Telescope | Exposure (s) |       Solar Material (M  ) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |    269 |  Gemini N |   10,800 |  |
|  SN 2005cf |    356 |  Keck I |   11,100 |   < 0.01   |
|  |    386 |  Keck I |     6,600 |   < 0.02 |
|  |    301 |  Keck I |     7,200 |  |
|  |    384 |  Gemini S |   10,400 |  |

## Slide 12

## SN 2005am

| Supernova |    Day | Telescope | Exposure (s) |       Solar Material (M  ) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |    269 |  Gemini N |   10,800 |  |
|  SN 2005cf |    356 |  Keck I |   11,100 |   < 0.01   |
|  |    386 |  Keck I |     6,600 |   < 0.02 |
|  |    301 |  Keck I |     7,200 |  |
|  |    384 |  Gemini S |   10,400 |   < 0.01 |

## Slide 14

## SN 2005am

| Supernova |    Day | Telescope | Exposure (s) |       Solar Material (M  ) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |    269 |  Gemini N |   10,800 | < 0.01 (?) |
|  SN 2005cf |    356 |  Keck I |   11,100 |   < 0.01   |
|  |    386 |  Keck I |     6,600 |   < 0.02 |
|  |    301 |  Keck I |     7,200 | < 0.03 (?) |
|  |    384 |  Gemini S |   10,400 |   < 0.01 |

## How Much Hydrogen?

| Progenitor
  System | Secondary
     Star |     Mass
  Transfer | Separation
     (a/R) |   Stripped
 Mass (M  ) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|   HCV |    MS |  RLOF |     3.0 |    0.15 |
|              HCVa
             HCVb
             HCVc |    MS |     |          4.0
         6.0
       12.0 |        0.074
       0.022
       0.0018 |
|  HCVL |    SG |  RLOF |    2.78 |    0.17 |
| HALGOL |    RG |  RLOF |    2.52 |    0.54 |
|  SYMB |    RG |  Wind |    3.16 |    0.53 |

**(Marietta et al. 2000)**

_**How Much Hydrogen?**_

## Conclusion

**Wide symbiotics are the progenitors **
**           ****of most normal SNe Ia.**

## Douglas Leonard

**Department of Astronomy, San Diego State University **

**Constraining the Type Ia Supernova Progenitor:**
**  ****The Search for ****Hydrogen**** in Nebular Spectra**

**(Image:  Marietta et al. 2000)**