# Presentation: 082776

## Slide 1

## Layered Functions

**5.  Organizational Memory  **
**6.  Group Processes**
**4.  Values**
**3.  Filtering**
**2.  Data Validation**
**1.  Connectivity**
**Source: Joanne Hale. “A Layered Communication Architecture for the Support of Crisis Response.” *****Journal of Management Information Systems*****.  Vol. 14, No. 1. **

## Wharton School, Univ. of PA, direct incentives for maintaining high ethical standards.Source: Johnson, Charles  P. 1994. “A Free Market View of Business Ethics.” Supervision. Vol. 55, No. 5.

**Highly ethical standards create a psychologically healthy working environment within the firm.**
**Firms with high ethical standards suffer fewer losses to employee theft, expense account padding, and employee sabotage (crisis of malevolence); and they litigate fewer cases regarding product safety, safety of the work environment, sexual harassment, and discrimination in employment.**
**Ethical firms develop trustful relationships with their clients and establish stable, profitable relationships.**
**Ethical firms minimize the catastrophic risk of scandals or disasters that destroy companies and careers.**
**Trust is fundamental to efficient business transactions, and consistently ethical behavior is necessary to maintain that trust.****	**

## A Code of Ethics Must:Source: Mahoney, Ann I. (1999) Talking about Ethics - Part I. Association Management. Vol. 51, No. 3. P. 49.

**Include employee input in drafting and revising it.**
**Be a living document that actually governs the way work is done.**
**	****	**
**Embody principles that also show up on performance appraisals and the compensation system.**
**	****	**** **
**Provide guidelines upon which people are disciplined, hired, fired, and**
**	****    ****	****    ****promoted.**
**Be supported by an ethics officer or someone in the organization who has the  responsibility for communicating ethical principles to employees and communicating employee concerns to management.**

## Business Exchange International Code Of EthicsSource: Illinois Institute of Technology Codes of Ethics Online: csep.iit.edu/codes/codes.html.

**We who believe in free enterprise; in the rights of a business owner to operate at a profit; in the GOLDEN RULE in**
** ****our business dealings with other business owners and the general pubic: Do hereby subscribe to, endorse and agree**
** ****to implementing the following: **
**We Shall:**
**UNITE... with other independent business owners to protect and preserve our economic freedom and the free enterprise system. **
**EXPAND...Our membership for the purpose of offering even greater advantages to our members, customers and general pubic. **
**ENFORCE... the Rules and Regulations of the Exchange. Report any abuses. Submit differences to arbitration by our fellow members. Seek equal benefits for all. **
**SERVE... our customers, our fellow members and our community with the respect and goodwill that will advance the image of independent business establishments. **
**SHARE... the fellowship, problems and goals of our fellow members and their families.**
**IMPROVE... Our business services and profits through education programs offered by the Exchange... and assist others to improve by sharing our knowledge with them.   **

## CODE OF ETHICS FOR GOVERNMENT SERVICESource: Illinois Institute of Technology Codes of Ethics Online: csep.iit.edu/codes/codes.html. 

-  **Any person in Government service should:**** **
** ****1. ****	****Put loyalty to the highest moral principals and to country above loyalty to Government persons, party, or department. **
** ****2. ****	****Uphold the Constitution, laws, and legal regulations of the United States and of all governments therein and never be a party to their evasion. **
** ****3.****	****Give a full day's labor for a full day's pay; giving to the performance of his duties his earnest effort and best thought. **
** ****4.****	****Seek to find and employ more efficient and economical ways of getting tasks accomplished. **
** ****5. ****	****Never discriminate unfairly by the dispensing of special favors or privileges to anyone, whether for remuneration or not; and never accept for himself or his family favors or benefits under circumstances which might be construed by reasonable persons as influencing the performance of his governmental duties.                          **

## CODE OF ETHICS FOR GOVERNMENT SERVICE (Continued)

**6.  ****	****Make no private promises of any kind binding upon the duties of office, since a Government employee has no private word which can be binding on public duty. **
**7. ****	****Engage in no business with the Government, either directly or indirectly which is inconsistent with the conscientious performance of his governmental duties. **
** ****8. ****	****Never use any information coming to him confidentially in the performance of  governmental duties as a means for making private profit.  **
** ****9. ****	****Expose corruption wherever discovered. **
** ****10. ****	****Uphold these principles, ever conscious that public office is a public trust. **
**                         ****(Passed July 11, 1958.)**