BEE-spoke-data/govdocs1-by-extension huggingface dataset:
# Presentation: 323878

## “Blackout” Video Wins Award

**“****Blackout” Video Wins Award**

**Over the past four summers, teacher intern Tom Smith (MCPS) led the development of a Sun-Earth Connection student workbook and Video named “Blackout” **
- The 20 minute video provides a unique view of solar-storms and their effect on the earth’s environment
- GSFC personnel who assisted were: Drs. James Green, Bill Taylor, and Sten Odenwald
**“****Blackout”won the Crystal Award in The Communicator Awards Video Competition for 1999 in two catagories **
- The winning categories were 1) Education; 2) Special Effects/Animation
- There were 3,275 entries from 49 states and seven countries
**The Crystal Award is their highest level of recognition**
-  “Entries are judged by industry professionals who look for companies and individuals whose talent exceeds a high standard of excellence and whose work serves as a benchmark for he industry.”
# Presentation: 008360

## SCIGN Adaptors and Radomes

- Kenneth W. Hudnut
- U. S. Geological Survey

**This presentation will probably involve audience discussion, which will create action items.  Use PowerPoint to keep track of these action items during your presentation**
**In Slide Show, click on the right mouse button**
**Select “Meeting Minder”**
**Select the “Action Items” tab**
**Type in action items as they come up**
**Click OK to dismiss this box**
**This will automatically create an Action Item slide at the end of your presentation with your points entered.**

## Status Summary

- Delivery to installation contractor took place on March 23, 1999
- Second P.O. initiated to produce units for purchases by others
- plastic in stock for making approx. 1000 more
- orders received for 250; 500 more ordered
- fill orders as needed (2ry operations only)

## Progress

- Since October 1998 presentation:
- SCIGN radome first article parts received, tested and measured
- met or exceeded all design goal expectations
- machining of tools to improve part fits
- production and delivery to contractor
- deployment at SCIGN stations

- http://www-socal.wr.usgs.gov/scign/group/dome/

## First article parts

- Wall thickness variations are < +/-0.005” (0.13 mm)
- barely distinguishable from having no dome present (in short baseline testing)

## Costs

- Initial & fixed costs (hope to recover)
- set-up costs approx.	$80K
- personnel costs		$80K
- original estimates had less personnel time
- Cost recovery projections
- decided on non-exclusive rights licenses
- only one GPS company has ordered so far
- need more orders

## Summary

- SCIGN adaptors and domes delivered
- development efforts completed
- deployment in SCIGN under way
- Distribution of these items
- to enhance precise GPS worldwide
- to help SCIGN recover its costs
# Presentation: 279049

## Barents 

**Barents **
**Sea**
**Chart**
**Talk**
**by**
**Mary**
**Ruth**
**Keller**

## Slide 2

## Geography

- Bathymetry
- Shelves
- Currents
- Winds
- Rivers

## Slide 4

## Slide 5

## Slide 6

## Slide 7

## Slide 8

## Slide 9

## Slide 10

## Slide 11

## Ice Features

- Extent
- Types
- Appearance/Disappearance
- This Season
- Ice Tongues
- Recurring Polynyas
- Icebergs

## Slide 13

## Slide 14

## Slide 15

## Slide 16

## Slide 17

## Slide 18

## Slide 19

## Slide 20

## Recurring features

- Bear Island Tongue
- Murmansk Rise
- Odden

## Slide 22

## Slide 23

## Slide 24

## Slide 25

## Slide 26

## Slide 27

## Slide 28

## RECURRING POLYNYAS

- Svalbardbukta (Whaler’s Bay)
- Barentsoya - Edgesoya
- King Karls Land
- Kvitoya
- Franz Joseph Land
- Novaya Zemlya

## Slide 30

## Slide 31

## Slide 32

## Slide 33

## Slide 34

## Slide 35

## Slide 36

## Slide 37

## Slide 38

## Slide 39

## Slide 40

## Slide 41

## Slide 42

## Slide 43

## Slide 44

## Slide 45

## Slide 46
# Presentation: 738454

## LUNCH

**2-1**

**Training of Trainers  **

**LUNCH**

- Community meeting
- Practice presentation process
- KLO presentations

- CBO presentations
- Phase Three overview

## Roles:

- Presenter
- Timekeeper
- Feedback

**2-2**

**Training of Trainers  **

## Start with the positive.

- Use behavioral terms.
- Use “I” statements.
- Recognize style differences.
- Be concrete.
- Be honest.

**2-3**

**Training of Trainers  **

## Purpose: Identify gaps in current response to priorities.

- Assess risk factors, protective factors and problem behaviors.
- Prioritize risk and protective factors, and populations or geographic areas.
- Complete resources assessment and gaps analysis.
- Support: Community Assessment Training; 	    Community Resources Assessment Training;	    Technical Assistance as needed

**2-4**

**Training of Trainers  **

## 2-5

**2-5**

**Training of Trainers  **

## 2-6

**2-6**

**Training of Trainers  **

## Any questions?

**2-7**

**Training of Trainers  **

- What’s next?
- Practice presentation assignments
- Evaluations
# Presentation: 063379

## Air Monitoring Is Helping To Clean Our Town

- Students perspective of Local Air Quality

## Where Is Darrington?

- Population 1,200
- A small town in the foothills of the Cascade Mountains between Seattle and Canada
- Rural environment, logging and timber industries.
- Known for our Bluegrass and Classic Rock Festivals.

## And beautiful scenery!

- But the surrounding mountains can cause air quality problems.

- Darrington

## Darrington High School

- Student body < 300.
- Science Club- a diverse group
- Today..........
- What we’ve learned as a result of this work.

## Air Monitoring at DHS

- Continuous fine Pm
- Nephelometer
- Aethalometer

## So what is our air quality like?

- Good in the summer.
- Smog and Ozone not a problem.
- In the winter......?

## Wood smoke in Darrington

## Air Stagnation in Darrington

## Comparison to Marysville

## Air Quality DaysThe good and the bad

## Do we violate the NAAQS?

## Annual Average

## What we have learned...

**We have issues!**

## Our issues are...

- Darrington has a pollution problem
- Residential wood burning
- Potential violation of EPA standards
- Changing our behaviors will be a challenge.
- Reducing wood burning will help correct the problem.

## What have we learned and how can we make a difference

- Pollution is a problem in Darrington.
- Especially from wood burning
- Not from the Mill
- We can’t change the weather but can change ourselves.

## Science Club In Action 

## What’s happening now

- Our town is developing a program to replace wood burning devices.
- Our science program is now focusing  on air quality matters.
- We are trying to get more people to see the benefits of cleaning our air.
- Every day now we look to see what is really happening.

## Our teacher’s perspective 

- Science program and community benefits
- Ties with Biology and Earth Science topics
- Students make broader connections and relevance to their own lives and families’ health
- A new awareness of atmospheric pollutants
- The opportunity for student learning in multiple disciplines

## Thanks!

- Please visit us at the poster session for questions and more information!

## Poster products

- Less than half the 24-hour standard of 65 μg/m3

## Air Quality and Meteorology

-  When there is bad weather the pollution becomes trapped in our valley.

## Human behavior and the Weather

- People behave differently as the weather changes
-  Winter wood burning
- This adds to air pollution especially when the weather is  stagnant
- Results impact our quality of life

## Temperature Inversions and Air Stagnation

- What does temperature do with elevation?
- What is a Temperature Inversion?
- What role does Temperature play in Air Quality

## Pollution is mixed out

**Normal conditions**
**Temp**
**Decreases**
**With elevation**

## Temp

**Temp**
**Increases**
** ****with elevation **
**then decreases**

**Top **
**of **
**inversion**

## New Weather products for Darrington

## Darrington Special Weather Tools

## Darrington Special Weather Tools
# Presentation: 191803

## SWIM Prototyping & Labs

- Demonstration and Prototyping Information Exchange Briefing

- Jeffery Hobbs, SWIM Implementation

- April 23, 2008

## Description

- Two services were selected for limited prototyping in FY08: Integrated Terminal Weather System (ITWS) and Corridor Integrated Weather System (CIWS)
- ITWS Prototype is using the Iona Fuse (open source) service container software on two weather products:   Microburst TRACON Map Product and the Configured Alerts Product
- CIWS Prototype is using the Mule (open source) service container software on two mosaic weather products: Vertically Integrated Liquid (VIL) and EchoTops
- Both prototypes are developing a SWIM service that includes client & server software, using SWIM-like standards and products for Core Services.

## Key Players

- ITWS Prototype is being developed by the Volpe National Transportation System Center (VNTSC) team, under the supervision of Benn Deans (ITWS lead) and the SWIM implementation team
- CIWS Prototype is being developed by MIT Lincoln Labs (LL), under the supervision of Mike McKinney (CIWS lead) and the SWIM implementation team

## Major Milestones/Goals

**Goals:**
- Gain experience with service container software and related technology/Core Services
- Gain experience with the FAA Telecommunications Infrastructure  (FTI) External Gateway (ED-8), to be used in Segment 1 by non-NAS users for SWIM access
- Make preliminary measurements of performance impacts resulting from use of SWIM standards such as XML.  (Impacts are assumed to be greatest for weather products.)

## Major Milestones/Goals (Cont’d)

**Milestones**
- CIWS work started December
- ITWS work started in February with training; development work started in April
- All prototypes to be completed by July 2008
- Deliverables:
- Prototype demonstration, end-to-end through ED8 gateway at WJHTC for ITWS; lab demo required for CIWS
- Lessons learned documents from each
- Monthly status reports

## Accomplishments To Date

- ITWS: Iona Fuse training completed; software acquired, and initial prototype of service container linked to ITWS software is up and running
- CIWS: Mule products acquired and examined – and   some have been selected for use.  In addition, LL has started looking at the following, with respect to using Mule:
- Contract-first development model
- ‘Pluggable’ Security (Security demonstrated on simple SOAP-based ‘echo’ service)
- Support for RPC (e.g., SOAP) vs. REST architectural style
- Service governance (monitoring)
- Pub/Sub Messaging
- Scalability

## Future Plans

- Continue monitoring prototype development
- CIWS demo to SWIM team in June
- ITWS demo to SWIM team in July
- Lessons learned briefings/documents available in July/August timeframe
- On-going investigation of potential uses for prototype service in FY09, or “next steps**”**

## SWIM Labs

**WJHTC**
- Prototype Lab
- Integration Lab
**Evaluate the Service Container (SIR/RFO)**
**Evaluate Compatibility of Service Container and SIPs environment**
**Core Services Evaluations**
**SIP Prototyping**
**Reference System**
# Presentation: 002421

## The 

**The **
**Nile **
**30 January 2001**

**Notes:**
This image of the northern portion of the Nile River was captured by MISR's nadir camera on January 30, 2001 (Terra orbit 5956). The Nile is the longest river in the world, extending for about 6700 kilometers from its headwaters in the highlands of eastern Africa.
At the apex of the fertile Nile River Delta is the Egyptian capital city of Cairo. To the west are the Great Pyramids of Giza. North of here the Nile branches into two distributaries, the Rosetta to the west and the Damietta to the east.
Also visible in this image is the Suez Canal, a shipping waterway connecting Port Said on the Mediterranean Sea with the Gulf of Suez. The Gulf is an arm of the Red Sea, and is located on the righthand side of the picture.

## Swirls of

**Lace**

**Notes:**
These MISR nadir-camera images from April 23, 2000 (Terra orbit 1855) and May 9, 2000 (Terra orbit 2088) show cloud swirls, like delicate lace, forming patterns known as von Karman vortex streets. The turbulent atmospheric eddies form in the wake of an obstacle, in this instance the 1050-meter-high summit on the island of Socorro, Mexico. The surrounding clouds make the vortex patterns visible. To the northeast, much subtler disturbances are associated with the tiny Isla San Benedicto. Both islands are part of a group known as the Revillagigedo Archipelago, and are located about 400 kilometers equatorward of the southern tip of Baja California. 
Each of these images is approximately 180 kilometers wide and 350 kilometers long. The von Karman vortices are named for aerodynamicist Theodore von Karman, one of the founders of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. 

## An Irish Tale: 

**An Irish Tale: **
**One City, **
**Two Asteroids**
**5 May 2000**

**Notes:**
This MISR nadir-camera image of Ireland was acquired on May 5, 2000 during Terra orbit 2026. The location of the town of Armagh in Northern Ireland is marked. Armagh is the site of the 200-year-old Armagh Observatory. The observatory's contributions to astronomical research were recently commemorated by the official naming of two asteroids, "ArmaghObs" and "Ardmacha". The latter is the ancient Gaelic name for the town, which was founded in 445 A.D. by St. Patrick.
The asteroids were discovered in July 1987 by planetary astronomer Eleanor Helin, Principal Investigator of JPL's Near-Earth Asteroid Tracking (NEAT) program. The new names were published in the January 2001 Minor Planet Circular of the International Astronomical Union.
The Irish Sea and the Isle of Man are located on the right-hand side of this image. Southwestern Scotland is visible in the upper right corner, and portions of northwestern Wales can be seen in the lower right.

## Pine Island Glacier, Antarctica

**12 December 2000**
# Presentation: 063894

## Preparation for ProductionIntegration

**Integration (S.Lusin - UW)**
**Infrastructure:**
- Mechanical Support
- Cooling
- Cabling
- HV connectors
- Water fittings

**Electronics:**
- CFEBs
- ALCT
- Low Voltage Distribution
- Alignment

## Preparation for ProductionIntegration

**Integration results**
**CFEBs tested with cosmic rays**
**CFEB noise tests show average noise of 2.6-2.7 ADC counts, equivalent to 1.7 fC**
**CFEB noise performance consistent with design expectations, show grounding & input cable shielding is adequate**

## Preparation for ProductionIntegration 

**ALCT, LVDB, 2 CFEB boards mounted.**
**Full anode, LV harnesses in place**
**Covers and C-channel ribs ready**
**Noise tests of CFEB boards consistent with earlier results**

## Preparation for ProductionIntegration 

**Anode cable harness fixed in place by strain reliefs**
**AFEB side uses simple commercial block fastener**
**ALCT strain relief also functions as stiffener **
**Planar cable layout provides low profile and visual validation of correct cable routing**

**AFEB cover boxes**
**Provide mechanical support for AFEBs as well as protection and EMI shielding**

## Preparation for ProductionIntegration

**Cables are flat ribbon cable in round shielded jackets**
**Lengths are finalized**
**Shield ground connection on CFEB side is finalized**

**Cable routing and clearances have been confirmed **
**Cables lie reasonably flat with respect to chamber frame **
**Cables clear alignment towers in both high and low configurations**

## Preparation for ProductionIntegration

**Prototype cooling system**
**Water-cooled plate**
**Conductive cooling of electronics through compliant thermal gasket**
**Layered construction**
**Shown mounted on ME1/2**

**Based on earlier CFEB cooling plate design**
**Cooling system tested, meets maximum chip temperature requirements**
**Next:**
- Construction of monolithic cooling plate for ME234/2
- Full system test, including ALCT & LV distribution board

## Preparation for ProductionIntegration Milestones

**On-chamber integration effort will produce a design for each kind of chamber**
**Design expressed in terms of drawings and documentation**
**Drawings will address how all on-chamber systems are tied to each other**
**Drawings will specify interface points between chamber and on-chamber integration**
**Interface points are already defined**
**Frames, ground lugs**

**06/30/00**
**Complete integration drawings for ME234/2**
**08/18/00**
**Complete integration drawings for ME1/2**
**09/29/00**
**Complete integration drawings for ME2/1**
**09/29/00**
**Complete integration drawings for ME1/3**
- Use dimensional mockup
**12/29/00**
**Complete integration drawings for ME3/1**
# Presentation: 671735

## US emergency department data: A source for injury indicator development

- Lois Fingerhut

## National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey- ED component

- Variables of interest:
- ICD-9 CM diagnosis codes
- ICD-9 CM external cause of injury codes
- Coding by medical records staff in hospitals
- Initial visit or not (since 2001)
- Disposition post-ED visit

**Notes:**
Dx codes= up to 3 per visit
E codes- up to 3 per visit
Disposition includes whether or not the person was hospitalized from the ED
Only about 0.1% of injury visits were DOA or died in the ED

## 292 million

- 110.2 million

- 31.4 million

- Civilian population of US

- Number of ED visits

- Initial ED visits for injury (28% of ED visits)

**Notes:**
I borrowed this slide design from Allison...

## US Results

- 31.4 million initial ED visits for an injury in one year
- 10,731/100,000 population
- 6% admitted to hospital
- 0.1% died in hospital

**Notes:**
And this one as well

## Percent of initial ED visits for injury that resulted in hospitalization: US 2001-2004

**By year**

**By age, 2004**

**Source: NCHS, NHAMCS-ED data**

**Notes:**
The percent hospitalized has been relatively stable over the last several years at about 6% but there is a rather strong relationship with age; by 75+ 29% were hospitalized 
2-5-7-10-29%

## ED visits: US, 2003-04

| 1st listed external cause of injury | % of all injury visits | % of injury visits that are initial visits | % of initial injuries that are  hospitalized |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Fall | 24 | 93 |  10 |
| Struck | 14 | 93 |  2 |
| MVT | 13 | 91 |  6 |
| Cut/pierce | 8 | 90 |  3 |
| Poisoning | 4 | 90 | 23 |
| Firearm | 0.3 | 82 | 18 |

**Source: NCHS, NHAMCS-ED data**

**Notes:**
These 5 external causes account for 63% of all 1st listed e-codes, again over 90% of them were initial visits. The 4 leading external causes did not often result in hospitalization while poisoning and firearm injuries did. For firearm injuries, the % hospitalized seems low (NEISS-AIP showed 48% with similar proportion of all visits); would have expected closer to 40% hospitalized from NHAMCS if NEISS is truly all initial visits

## Percent of initial injury visits that resulted in hospitalization by selected nature of injury groups : US, 2003-04

**Source: NCHS, NHAMCS-ED data**

**Notes:**
This looks at 1st listed injury diagnosis across all ages

## ED visits: US, 2003-04

| 1st listed injury dx | % of all injury visits | % of injury visits that are initial visits | % of initial injuries that are  hospitalized |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Superficial/
contusions | 19 | 94 | 1 |
| Open wounds | 19 | 90 | 2 |
| Sprains /
strains | 17 | 92 | 0.4 |
| Fractures | 11 | 93 | 15 |
| System wide |   5 | 93 | 13 |

**Source: NCHS, NHAMCS-ED data**

**Notes:**
These 5 injuries account for 72% of all 1st listed injuries, well over 90% of them were first visits. The 3 leading diagnoses did not result in hospitalization while fractures and system wide (poisoning being a large share) were more likely to result in hospitalization/

Internal organ injuries, while only 1% of all visits,17% were hospitalized.

## Questions?
# Presentation: 947955

## Fire Weather Customer Meeting 2004

- Sponsored by NWS-ABQ

## Outline

- Statistics
- Fire Weather Zones
- Summer Precipitation Across NM: Regimes and Variability
- El Nino is back
- Open Forum

## Statistics

## Statistics

- Red Flag Verification 2004
- Zones Warned: 104
- Total Zones Occurred: 70
- Warned Zones Verified: 69
- Warned Zones didn’t Verify: 35
- No warning issued/Zones Missed: 1
- POD (Prob of Detection): 0.99
- FAR (False Alarm Rate): 0.34
- CSI (Critical Success Index): 0.66
- Average Lead Time: 14.3 hours

## WARNINGS

**WARNINGS**

**ZnsOcrd**

## WARNINGS

**WARNINGS**

## WARNINGS

**WARNINGS**

## Statistics

- Fire Weather Watch Verification 2004
- Zones Watch: 84
- Total Zones Occurred: 70
- Watch Zones Verified: 53
- Watch Zones didn’t Verify: 30
- No watch issued/Zones Missed: 17
- POD (Prob of Detection): 0.76
- FAR (False Alarm Rate): 0.37
- CSI (Critical Success Index): 0.52
- Average Lead Time: 31.6 hours

## WATCH

**WATCH**

**Zones Ocrd**

## WATCHES

**WATCHES**

## WATCHES

**WATCHES**

## Statistics

- Spot Forecasts

## Slide 13

## Statistics

- Turn Around Time for Spot Forecasts
- Calculated by subtracting Requested time from Forecast Complete time

## Statistics

- Spot Forecast Feedback
- Faxed observation sheet
- NWS-Spot Web Page
- Feedback Button
- Remarks Section
- Initial Spot Request
- Portable RAWS (hourly GOES)
- Remarks Section
- Initial Spot Request
- Phone Call
- Looked at January through October

## Slide 16

## Faxed

**Faxed**

## Slide 18

## Slide 19

## NWS-Spot

**NWS-Spot**

## Feedback↓Button

**Feedback****↓Button**

## Initial Request ↑

**Initial Request ****↑**

**Remarks Box**

## Slide 23

## Remarks Section Initial Request

**Remarks Section Initial Request**

## Slide 25

## Statistics

- Feedback
- Hourly afternoon or burn period T,RH and wind (Max T, Min RH, General Wind)
- If needs are critical for overnight hours (Min T, Max RH and General Wind)
- Critical weather such as precipitation duration and accumulation (estimate), Start of upslope or downslope winds and afternoon mixing
- Misc such as snow on the ground and sky cover
- Pertinent information for the burn site
- Slope (ridgetop-mid-valley bottom)
- “Unusual” topography (saddle, chute etc)
- Rule of Thumb Wx
- Burn area defined Topo Maps

## Statistics

- Why?
- Efficiency
- Get Forecast Out Quicker as Forecaster’s use Trends
- Customers wait for forecasts are less
- Forecasters don’t have to guess on what happened thus less busy time spent
- Correct trends applied to good ground truthing  provides more accurate forecasts.

## Fire Weather Zones

## Old Zone Map

## New Zone Map

## New Zone Names

- 101: Northwest Plateau
- 102: North Central Mountains
- 103: Northeast Highlands
- 104: Northeast Plains
- 105: Northwest Highlands
- 106: Middle Rio Grande Valley
- 107: Sandia-Manzano and Gallinas Mountains
- 108: East Central Plains
- 109: West Central Highlands

## New Zone Map: Elevation

## Old Zone over New Zone Map

## Slide 34

## NFDRS and New Zones

**11 to 15**** **

## Ventilation Forecast Points: New Zones

**Ventilation Forecast Points: New Zones**
# Presentation: 248665

## Hurricane Ike

- 0800L 08 Sep 2008
- Al Mongeon
- NOAA Meteorologist

## Slide 2

## IKE HITTING CUBA HARD...EYE OF OVER CAMAGUEY

- AT 800 AM EDT...1200Z...THE CENTER OF HURRICANE IKE WAS LOCATED NEAR LATITUDE 21.1 NORTH...LONGITUDE 77.9 WEST OR ABOUT 20 MILES...35 KM...SOUTH OF CAMAGUEY CUBA.
- IKE IS MOVING TOWARD THE WEST NEAR 14 MPH...22 KM/HR...AND A WEST TO WEST-NORTHWEST MOTION IS EXPECTED OVER THE NEXT DAY OR TWO.  ON THIS TRACK THE CENTER OF IKE WILL MOVE OVER OR VERY NEAR CENTRAL CUBA TODAY...AND EMERGE INTO THE SOUTHEASTERN GULF OF MEXICO BY LATE TUESDAY.
- MAXIMUM SUSTAINED WINDS HAVE DECREASED TO NEAR 100 MPH...155 KM/HR...WITH HIGHER GUSTS.  IKE IS A CATEGORY TWO HURRICANE ON THE SAFFIR-SIMPSON SCALE. ADDITIONAL WEAKENING IS FORECAST AS IKE MOVES OVER CENTRAL CUBA TODAY.
- HURRICANE FORCE WINDS EXTEND OUTWARD UP TO 60 MILES...95 KM...FROM THE CENTER...AND TROPICAL STORM FORCE WINDS EXTEND OUTWARD UP TO 200 MILES...325 KM.

## Pressure, Storm Surge, Sea State, Rainfall

- THE ESTIMATED MINIMUM CENTRAL PRESSURE IS 960 MB...28.35 INCHES.
- COASTAL STORM SURGE FLOODING OF 9-12 FEET ABOVE NORMAL TIDE LEVELS...ALONG WITH LARGE AND DANGEROUS BATTERING WAVES...CAN BE  EXPECTED IN AREAS OF ONSHORE WINDS EAST OF IKE ALONG THE SOUTHERN COAST OF CUBA. STORM SURGE FLOODING OF 2-4 FEET IS POSSIBLE IN THE FLORIDA KEYS.
- LARGE SWELLS GENERATED BY IKE WILL AFFECT PORTIONS OF THE SOUTHEAST UNITED STATES COAST DURING THE NEXT COUPLE OF DAYS.  THESE WAVES COULD GENERATE DANGEROUS AND LIFE-THREATENING RIP CURRENTS.
- IKE IS EXPECTED TO PRODUCE RAINFALL ACCUMULATIONS OF 6 TO 12 INCHES THROUGHOUT CUBA...WITH ISOLATED MAXIMUM AMOUNTS OF UP TO 20 INCHES POSSIBLE. THESE RAINS ARE LIKELY TO CAUSE LIFE- THREATENING FLASH FLOODS AND MUD SLIDES OVER MOUNTAINOUS TERRAIN. RAINFALL TOTALS OF 4 TO 8 INCHES ARE POSSIBLE IN THE SOUTHERN BAHAMAS. PORTIONS OF HISPANIOLA COULD RECEIVE ADDITIONAL AMOUNTS OF 3 TO 5 INCHES.
- RAINFALL ACCUMULATIONS OF 1 TO 3 INCHES ARE POSSIBLE OVER THE FLORIDA KEYS.

## Watches and Warnings

- A HURRICANE WARNING IS IN EFFECT FOR THE CUBAN PROVINCES OF GUANTANAMO...SANTIAGO DE CUBA... HOLGUIN...LAS TUNAS AND GRANMA...CAMAGUEY...CIEGO DE AVILA....VILLA CLARA...SANCTI SPIRITUS...CIENFUEGOS...AND MATANZAS.
- A TROPICAL STORM WARNING IS IN EFFECT FOR THE FLORIDA KEYS FROM OCEAN REEF SOUTHWARD TO THE DRY TORTUGAS...INCLUDING FLORIDA BAY. A TROPICAL STORM WARNING MEANS THAT TROPICAL STORM CONDITIONS ARE EXPECTED WITHIN THE WARNING AREA WITHIN THE NEXT 24 HOURS.
- A HURRICANE WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT FOR THE FLORIDA KEYS FROM OCEAN REEF SOUTHWARD TO THE DRY TORTUGAS.

## Watches and Warnings

- A TROPICAL STORM WARNING IS IN EFFECT FOR ANDROS ISLAND AND RAGGED ISLAND.
- A TROPICAL STORM WARNING IS IN EFFECT FOR THE WESTERN PROVINCES OF LA HABANA...CIUDAD DE HABANA...PINAR DEL RIO...AND THE ISLE OF YOUTH.  A HURRICANE WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT FOR THESE PROVINCES.
- A TROPICAL STORM WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT FOR JAMAICA AND THE CAYMAN ISLANDS.
- INTERESTS IN SOUTH FLORIDA SHOULD MONITOR THE PROGRESS OF IKE.
# Presentation: 353729

## MIDDLE EAST BUSINESS FORUM
November 29, 2004            

- November 29, 2004

## IRAQ OVERVIEW

- The Environment
- The Timeline
- Reconstruction Realities
- Three Vital Elements for Stability
**Private Security Companies**
- The Way Ahead

## The Environment

- Threat – Insurgents – Criminals- Terrorists
- Cultures at War – Iraqis - the West - the Enemy
- Politics – Interim Government - Western Presence

## The Timeline (One Year)

- April ’04 – Fallujah Atrocities/Offensive
- May ’04 -   Fallujah Offensive Halted
- June/July ’04 – Interim Iraqi Government
- Oct/Nov ’04 – Ramadan
- November ’04 – U.S. Elections
- November ’04 -15 Fallujah Offensive (MOUT)
- Nov/Dec ‘04  – Western Holiday Period
- Late January ’05 – Iraqi Elections
- April ’05 – 60 plus days post election (TBD)

## Reconstruction Realities

- PCO Dollars/Projects
- USAID and DOD (Corps of Engineers)
- Vendor Mindsets
- Timing

## Three Vital Elements for Stability

- Security – **CRITICAL**
- Infrastructure –** Necessary**
- Jobs –** Essential**

## Private Security Companies

**Private Security or Private Military Companies? ****	**
**How Many?  From Where?  What Background?**
**Cowboys or Pros?**
**Different Models – Clients – Cultures**
**Pricing and Availability**
**PSC Association of Iraq**
**Self Regulation – A Good Thing **

## The Way Ahead 

- Uncertainty is a Certainty
- Nation Building is a Civil Affair
- Resources are NOT unlimited
- What Ifs
- How do we DEFINE SUCCESS?
# Presentation: 193759

## Identifying biases in T(z) data using satellite-altimetry

**2x2****°box @ ****26.5W 33.5N**
- 2000 – 2007 data
- XBT
- r = 0.5
- m = 3.7  m/cm
- b = 786.2 m
- mean = 785.1 m
- std. dev. = 53.4 m
- ARGO
- r = 0.6
- m = 4.3 m/cm
- b = 769.3 m
- mean = 775.5 m
- std. dev = 54.0 m

- Pedro DiNezio, Gustavo Goni and Claudia Schmidt

## number of observations

- correlation coefficient

- regression coefficient

- pseudo climatology

**XBT**

**ARGO**

## XBT-derived pseudo climatology

- ARGO-derived pseudo climatology

**D10**

**D10**

## D10

**D10**

**D15**

**D20**

- Distribution of profiles from WHOI floats with spurious pressure values reported from January 1, 2003 through June 30, 2007 (Willis *et al*, JOAT 2007).

## Implications for heat storage estimates

**HS100**

**HS750**

- ARGO-derived pseudo climatology

- XBT-derived pseudo climatology

- XBT – ARGO difference

## Depth dependent XBT – ARGO bias

- ( SOLO floats that have incorrect pressure values are not included )

## Depth dependent XBT – ARGO bias

- ( only statistically significant 67% XBT – ARGO biases are included )

## Depth correction

- XBT fall-rate correction required to bring mean bias to zero

- ~1% error! + 4.7m at splash!

## Heat storage correction

**HS100**

**HS750**

- ARGO-derived pseudo climatology

- XBT-derived pseudo climatology

- XBT – ARGO difference

## backup 

## Slide 11

## Implications for heat storage estimates (old)

**HS100**

**HS750**

- ARGO-derived pseudo climatology

- XBT-derived pseudo climatology

- XBT – ARGO difference
# Presentation: 208635

## Stochastic Particle Acceleration and the Space-time in Sgr A*

- Siming Liu
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, T-6
- Jon Bittner (Yale), Vahé Petrosian (Stanford), Fulvio Melia (U of A), Chris Fryer (LANL)
**Santa Fe, July 13 2006**

## Outline

- Energetics in Black Hole Accretion
- Observations of Sgr A*
- Electron Acceleration
- During the NIR and X-ray Flares

- Santa Fe, LA-UR-06-3467

## Energy Equation in Black Hole Accretion

- Gravitational Energy + Black Hole Spin Energy
- =
- Internal Energy + Radiation + Outflow
- >
- Internal Energy

- Accretion + Space-time

- Santa Fe, LA-UR-06-3467

## Observation of Sagittarius A*

- Santa Fe, LA-UR-06-3467

## Sgr A*: A Compact Radio Source

- Zhao et al. 1991, Nature, 354, 46

- 2 cm radio image of the central two light year region (~20”)

- Santa Fe, LA-UR-06-3467

## There is a Black Hole in Sgr A*

- 3-4 million Solar Mass

- Ghez et al. 2002

- Santa Fe, LA-UR-06-3467

## X-Ray Flares From Sgr A*

- Quasi-periodic Modulation

- Belanger et al. 2005

- Baganoff et al. 2001

- Porquet et al. 2003

- Santa Fe, LA-UR-06-3467

## NIR Flares From Sgr A*

- Quasi-periodic Modulation

- Genzel et al. 2003

- Santa Fe, LA-UR-06-3467

## Sgr A* 19-20 June 2003 – NIR/X-ray Flare

- Lnir ~ 5x1034 erg s-1

- Eckart et al. (2004)

- Baganoff 2005

- Santa Fe, LA-UR-06-3467

## Correlation between 

- NIR Flux and Spectral Index

- Krabbe et al. 2006

- Gillesen et al. 2006

- Santa Fe, LA-UR-06-3467

## Broadband Spectrum

- Santa Fe, LA-UR-06-3467

## Emission Processes During Flares

- Thermal Synchrotron and SSC:
- Four Parameters
- B, kBT = γcrmec2, N , A≈R2

- Santa Fe, LA-UR-06-3467

## Emission Processes During Flares

- Liu et al. 2006

- Santa Fe, LA-UR-06-3467

## Stochastic Electron Acceleration 

- During the NIR and X-ray Flares

- Santa Fe, LA-UR-06-3467

## Stochastic Electron Acceleration

- Liu et al. 2006

- Santa Fe, LA-UR-06-3467

## Electron Acceleration During Flares

- Bittner et al. 2006

- Santa Fe, LA-UR-06-3467

## Electron Acceleration During Flares

- Bittner et al. 2006

- Santa Fe, LA-UR-06-3467

## Thermal Synchrotron

- Santa Fe, LA-UR-06-3467

## Thermal Synchrotron and SSC

- Santa Fe, LA-UR-06-3467

## Emission Processes During Flares

- Liu et al. 2006

- Santa Fe, LA-UR-06-3467

## Steady-State

- Liu et al. 2006

- Santa Fe, LA-UR-06-3467

## Example

- Santa Fe, LA-UR-06-3467

## Example

- Santa Fe, LA-UR-06-3467

## Conclusion

-    With simultaneous NIR and X-ray spectroscopy, one can measure the internal energy of electrons near the black hole in Sagittarius A* and constrain the black hole spin.

- Santa Fe, LA-UR-06-3467
# Presentation: 950489

## National Software Reference LibraryComputer Forensics Tool Testing

- Barbara Guttman
- bguttman@nist.gov
- November 14, 2007

## Computer Forensics in NIST

**Goals of Computer Forensics Projects**
**Support use of automated processes into the computer forensics investigations**
**Provide stable foundation built on scientific rigor to support the introduction of evidence and expert testimony in court**

## Goals of CF at NIST

**Provide international standard reference data that tool makers and investigators can use in investigations (NSRL)**
**Establish computer forensic tool testing methodology (CFTT)**

## NSRL Project

## What is the NSRL?

**The National Software Reference Library is:**
**A physical collection of over 8,000 software packages**
**A database of 34 million file “fingerprints” and additional information to uniquely identify each file **
**A Reference Data Set (RDS) extracted from the database onto CD, used by law enforcement, investigators and researchers**

## Use of the RDS

**Eliminate known files from the examination process using automated means**
**Discover expected file name with unknown contents**
**Identify origins of files**
**Look for malicious files, e.g., hacker tools**
**Provide rigorously verified data for forensic investigations**
**Used by many forensics tools (ILook, EnCase, FTK)**

## RDS Field Use Example

## Are Hashes “broken”?

**Both MD-5 and SHA-1 have been shown to have weaknesses**
**The weaknesses do not affect the use of hashes for forensic analysis**
**Hash attacks are not “pre-image” attacks**

## Data Reduction

**FBI reduces case load data by 1/3**
**NARA reduced test collection by 78%**
**Using block hashes, reduced another 15% (for a total of 82%)**
**Potential for more reduction with fuzzy hashes**
**Researching Windows registry keys for software identification**

## Computer Forensics Tool Testing (CFTT)

## A Problem for Investigators

**Do forensic tools work as they should?**
**Software tools must be ...**
**Tested: accurate, reliable & repeatable**
**Peer reviewed**
**Generally accepted**
**... ****by whom?**
**Results of a forensic analysis must be admissible in court**

## Project Tasks

**Identify forensics functions**
**Develop specification for each category**
**Peer review of specification**
**Test methodology for each function**
**Report results**

## Slide 13

## Benefits of CFTT

**Benefits of a forensic tool testing program**
**Users can make informed choices**
**Odd sector problem**
**Reduce challenges to admissibility of digital evidence**
**Moussaoui case**
**Tool creators make better tools**
**Safeback 2.18**
**EnCase documentation**
# Presentation: 681479

## Total Medicare Expenditures, CY 2005

**Medicare Spending  $336.4 billion**
**Includes**
**HI (Part A) spending totaled $182.9 billion**
**SMI (Parts B and D) Expenditures$153.5 billion**

**Note: **SMI refers to Supplementary Medical Insurance (Part B and D). For 2005, income from the Part D drug plan will be included in CY2006 data.
**Source:** 2006 Annual Report of the Boards of Trustees of the Federal Hospital Insurance Federal Supplementary Medical Insurance Trust Funds
# Presentation: 709181

## 11th Annual Information Technology Products & Services ExpoHosted by NITC, Office of the Chief Information OfficerWednesday, November 2, 2005; 9:30am - 1:30pmUSDA Beacon Bldg., 6501 Beacon Drive, KCMO

- Evaluate Products With Hands-on Demos
- Meet Face-to-face With Vendor Representatives That Can Help You Achieve Your Goals
- FREE to All Government, DoD, & Contractor Personnel
- Refreshments Served!
- For Exhibiting Information Contact FDAE Toll-Free:    877-332-3976

- Over 45 Exhibitors:
- ABM Federal * Airmagnet * Apptis * ASAP Software * Best Buy Gov * CAS Severn * CMS Products * Computer Support Group * Computer Associates  Computer System Designers * CDW-G * Dell * Filenet * GMRI * Government Telecom Inc. * GTSI * HP * IBM Federal Software * Information Builders *  IONA * Interstar Technologies * JMA Chartered * Juniper Networks * Kardex Systems * Lockheed Martin * Meganet * Microsoft * NEC Display * Network Appliance * Oki Data America * Oracle  Panasonic * Premier Knowledge Solutions * Quest Software * SAS * SEIDCON * Staples Storage Technology Corp. * Sun Microsystems  Transcore * University Alliance * Wrightline * And more!
# Presentation: 795476

## Case Study: Maxamine at the Social Security Administration

- Tim Evans
- Office of Electronic Services

## Agenda

- Using Maxamine for Annual OMB Website Certification
- Q&A/Discussion

## Maxamine Case Study: Annual E-Government Act Report

- OMB Requirements at _[http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/memoranda/fy2005/m05-04.pdf](http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/memoranda/fy2005/m05-04.pdf)_
- SSA web content management widely dispersed (~100 Web Managers; **most are not full-time developers**)
- Needed to support Web Managers in meeting annual requirements, w/o undue burden in this environment

## SSA’s Maxamine Solution

- Created separate, **highly abbreviated** reports for each Web Manager
- Limited to their **sub-site,** Maxamine reports **mapped to OMB requirements**
- Set up as *Scheduled Reports; *output **e-mailed** to Web Manager
- No requirement for to access Maxamine client application to view data

## Slide 5

## Slide 6

## Slide 7

## Slide 8

## Results

- December 1, 2006
- Internal Link Integrity: 85.2
- External Link Integrity: 57.0
- Metadata Coverage: 34.0
- Metadata Compliance: 55.9
- June 2, 2007
- Internal Link Integrity: 94.1 **(+10.5%)**
- External Link Integrity: 83.7 **(+46.8%)**
- Metadata Coverage: 47.9 **(+40.1%)**
- Metadata Compliance: 87.1 **(+55.8%)**

## Questions?

- Tim Evans, Social Security Administration, Office of Electronic Services
- _[tim.evans@ssa.gov](mailto:tim.evans@ssa.gov)_
- (410) 965-4217
- http://www.socialsecurity.gov/
# Presentation: 671542

## Ground Team Skills & Procedures

- Air and Ground Coordination
- Without Radios

## Introduction

- Air and ground team coordination is best arranged over the radio
- Aircraft or vehicle radios can fail
- Good idea to have multi-channel radio communications (two or more radios and frequencies)
- We must be prepared to continue with the mission in the event of radio failure

## Air to Ground Signals

- Ground Crews
- Spotters maintain visual observation of air cover at all times
- Recorder keep time-position -heading record of aircraft
- Deploy ground to air signals promptly
- Be ready to move without delay

## Air to Ground Signals

- When signaling the aircraft will
- Generally travel at under 100 MPH
- Maneuver with all external lights on
- Rotating tail beacon (if available)
- Landing lights
- Taxi lights

**Lights on - signaling**                                       **Lights off - normal flying**

## Air-to-Ground SignalsMurphy’s Method

## Air-to-Ground Signals

## Ground to Air Signals

- Signal panels
- Contrasting colors (orange, red, yellow)
- 10-12 feet long
- 3-4 feet wide
- Place in open area

## Body Signals

## Other Signals

- Strobe lights
- Signal Mirror
- Space blanket can act as a large signal mirror
- Shadows
- Pile rocks, brush or snow
- Scrap or tramp our trenches in dirt, sand or snow

- Smoke Signals
- commercial orange smoke
- hot fire with green leaves, moss or ferns
- Aerial Flares

## Other Signals

- Signal Mirror Operation
- Reflect sun on nearby surface
- Look at reflected spot though hone
- Slowly move mirror to aim at target
- Sweep horizon slowly - flashes can be seen for miles

- Paulin Signals
- Fold in patters for different shapes
- Colors contrast with background
- Size: 6-12 feet long, 2-3 feet wide
# Presentation: 705247

## Air Force

- <date/time>

_**Air Force**_
**Bobby McKenzie**
- 703-306-7631
- bobby.mckenzie@gsa.gov
**Howard Grizzle**
- 703-306-7605
- howard.grizzle@gsa.gov

_**Army**_
**Karen Kopf**
- 703-306-7609
- karen.kopf@gsa.gov
**Dan Cassil**
- 703-306-7533
- dan.cassil@gsa.gov

_**DoD**_
**Steve Kempf**
- 703-306-7679
- steve.kempf@gsa.gov
**Ken Evans**
- 703-306-7673
- kenneth.evans@gsa.gov

_**Navy**_
**Vicki Lillicrapp**
- 703-306-7633
- vicki.lillicrapp@gsa.gov
**Jim Ghiloni**
- 703-306-7568
- jim.ghiloni@gsa.gov

_**Civilian Sector 1**_
**Steve Viar**
- 703-306-7700
- steve.viar@gsa.gov
**Bill Kreykenbohm**
- 703-306-7636
- bill.kreykenbohm@gsa.gov

_**CivilianSector 2**_
**Charles Swanson**
- 703-306-7593
- chuck.swanson@gsa.gov
**Florian Block**
- 703-306-7582
- florian.block@gsa.gov

**Director**
**Lisa Akers**
- 703-306-7620
- lisa.akers@gsa.gov

_**Acquisition**_
**Althea Kireilis**
- 703-306-7608
- althea.kireilis@gsa.gov
**Stacey Lowenberg**
- 703-306-7611
- stacey.lowenberg@gsa.gov

**    **

_**Division**_
**Client Support Director**
-  (Sales & Client Relations)
**Operations Manager**
- (Operations)
# Presentation: 547723

## Stages of the Publication ProcessIan Stolerman

**President**
- International Society of Addiction Journal Editors

## Steps in Getting a Paper Out

- Select a journal
- Allocate responsibilities for manuscript preparation
- Selection of authors, and people to be acknowledged
- Prepare first draft of manuscript
- Prepare figures to publication quality
- Obtain comments from all co-authors
- Revise manuscript until all authors are satisfied
- Obtain comments from uninvolved colleagues
- Obtain assistance if writing in a foreign language
- Submit to journal
- Revise as required or resubmit elsewhere (if appropriate)
- Check proofs and published paper

## THE EDITORIAL PROCESS

- Triage - editor decides whether to start peer review or reject outright.
- Editor selects referees and obtains reports and recommendations.
- Editor’s decision:
- 	(a) Accept;  (b) Return to authors for revision;  (c) Reject.
- Authors prepare revised manuscript and covering letter to editor with comments for referees (when revisions are requested).
- Editor assesses revised manuscript and decides whether it is now acceptable or needs to be returned to referees for further assessment.

## Common Problems and How to Avoid Them:Publishing Addiction Science, A Guide for the Perplexed

- 	Triage: rejection before Peer Review
- 	The balance between innovation and 	quality of data
- 	Compliance with details of instructions 	to authors
- 	Problems with Introduction, Methods, 	Results and Discussion Sections
- 	Common data analysis issues
- 	Responding to referee reports

## Common Problems with Discussions

- Opening paragraph is only a summary of results. Select the main data and emphasise 2-3 important conclusions in relation to the data.
- Does not focus on aims as stated in Introduction.
- Does not place findings in context of previous knowledge. Every paragraph should compare and contrast your data with relevant previous findings, indicating what is new and what is confirmatory.
- Addresses too many issues and is too long.
- Does not consider alternative interpretations or acknowledge major limitations of the work.
- Descends into politics and polemics.
- Wastes space discussing ‘trends’

## Acknowledgement

- This presentation is based on chapters from:
*Publishing Addiction Science*,* A Guide for the Perplexed.*
- Babor TF, Stenius K, Savva S (editors).
- Published by International Society of Addiction Journal Editors and World Health Organization, 2004

**New ISAJE Website:**** ****www.parint.org**
**P****ublishing ****A****ddiction ****R****esearch ****Int****ernationally**
**Under development by ISAJE to provide guidance for authors, editors and reviewers**
**Sponsored by NIDA **
# Presentation: 699380

## NOAA Space Weather Scales

**NOAA Space Weather Scales**

- Barbara Poppe
- NOAA Space Environment Center

- The NOAA Space Weather Scales were quickly adopted by the media and the space weather community because of their ability to convey the effects and severity of space weather. They have become a foundation of SEC products, which reach international partners and customers. The scales, currently in English, Spanish, French, and Japanese, are being translated into other languages and will be used by students and scientists around the world.
# Presentation: 140150

## Light Collectionwith Fiber Optics

- Christopher CrawfordEDM Collaboration Meeting2006-05-25

## Review

- Steve Williamson presentation (2004-12)
- Simulations with GuideIt  MC code
- Downstream guide (behind beam stop)
- Single-ended edge guide
- 0.3 K to 300 K Transition guide
- NIST Magnetic UCN trap
- Also simulated with GuideIt
- Measured efficiency of similar geometry
- 360 keV (source_x0004__x0004__x0004_) /16 eV (UV) * 35% (prompt UV)* 0.1 (PMT eff.) * epsilon = 6 p.e. (measured)
- epsilon = 0.8 % (acceptance * attenuation)

## Problem

- Efficiency too low:
- 3He + n   ->   p + t + 700 keV   (12 p.e.)
- Need 40 p.e. for optimal PID
- Charge:
- Investigate Fiber Optic Bundles (FOB)
- Collect light from top/bottom, not end
- Advantage: larger surface area

## Material Properties

- Acrylic Light Guide
- d = 150-500 cm (atten)
- n = 1.508 (index refr.)
- thc = 41.5 deg

- Fiber Optic Bundle
- `Toray`  3 mm O.D.
- d ~ 21 m  (0.2 dB/m)
- Core: no = 1.492
- Clad: nc = 1.408
-     10 micron thick
- N.A. = 0.5
- Packing fraction = 90%
- Sample shipped to LANL

## Acceptance (internal reflection)

- Light Guide

- Fiber Optic Bundle

- TPB

- FOB

- TPB

## Enhancements

- Capture photons back-propagating through the 3He cell
- Light guide inefficient for this angle
- Not quite a factor of 2
- Optical fibers without cladding
- Still total internal reflection
- NA = 1.10,  theta = 42.7 deg,  Omega=2.016
- A = 0.16 = 16 x (guide)

## Enhancements

- Increase distance from TBP, and
- Insert fibers at optimal angle
- Look at greater density of TBP from ends
- Ideal: semi-circle interface, A=0.5

- TPB

- FOB

- realistic

- ideal

## Enhancements

- Use larger *n* guide
- Polystyrene (TPD):  *n*=1.55-1.59
- Larger *n* guide refracts to less divergence
- Use tapered light guide
- Increase effective critical angle
- Less wall bounces

## Conclusion & Future Work

- Geometry and Material optimizationscan regain 40 photo-electrons
- Need to simulate with GuideIt
- Integration: which designs are realistic?
# Presentation: 719953

## NEW DATE!  

**The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry ****(ATSDR),**
- and **The ****Tribal Consultation Advisory Committee ****(TCAC**)
- are hosting their
**First Biannual Tribal Consultation Session**

- NEW DATE!** **
**February 26-28, 2008, Atlanta, GA**

- Captain Pelagie (Mike) Snesrud
- Senior Tribal Liaison for Policy and Evaluation
- Office of the Director/
- Office of Strategy and Innovation/
- Office of Minority Health and Health Disparities
- 	Phone: 404-498-2343
- 	Email: _[PSnesrud@cdc.gov](mailto:PSnesrud@cdc.gov)__ _

- Tim Hack
- Deputy Director & Senior Advisor, Strategic Engagements
- Office of Policy, Planning, and Evaluation
- National Center for Environmental Health/Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
- 	Phone: (404) 498-0497
- 	Email: _[THack@cdc.gov](mailto:THack@cdc.gov)__ _

**For more information contact:**