# Presentation: 513335

## Slide 1

## 65

**Only 65% of Truck Drivers Wear Safety Belts**
**as Compared to 82% of Car Drivers**

*Transcore is a proud sponsor of FMCSA driver safety messages on DAT Load Monitors in truck stops nationwide.  2006 FMCSA*

- 82

## 2006       CMV Driver Fatality Stats

**►** **805 drivers and occupants of large trucks **
**	****	****	****	****died in truck crashes**
**►** **393 of these were not wearing safety**
**	****	****	**** ****belts. **
**►** **Of the 217 drivers and occupants who**
**	****	****	**** ****were killed and ejected from their vehicles, ****	****	****	****	****approximately 81% were not wearing**
**	**** ****	****	****	****safety belts.**

## Commercial Motor Vehicle Safety Belt Partnership

- Goal:
**To increase safety belt use by drivers of large trucks.****  **

***Partnership Established  December 9, 2003***

**Notes:**
Picture of Secretary Mineta, Jim Johnston, President , OOIDA, Gov. Bill Graves, President, ATA with an America Needs You Buckle Up truck behind the podium. 

## Slide 5

## Commercial Motor VehicleSafety Belt Partnership

**American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators **
**American Society of Safety Engineers**
**American Trucking Associations  **
**Commercial Vehicle Safety Alliance **
**Commercial Vehicle Training Association**
**Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration   **
**Great West Casualty Company**
**International Association of Chiefs of Police **
**Motor Freight Carriers Association  **
**National Association of Publicly Funded Truck Driving Schools**
**NATSO**
**National Highway Traffic Safety Administration  **
**National Private Truck Council  **
**National Safety Council**
**National Tank Truck Carriers **
**Network of Employers for Highway Safety**
**Owner-Operator Independent Drivers Association **
**Property Casualty Insurers Association of America** ** **
**National Truckload Carriers, Professional Truck Drivers Institute**
**Truck Manufacturers Association**

## CMV Safety Belt PartnershipObjectives

**►** **Maintain and Expand CMV Safety Belt Partnership**
**►** **Conduct Research and Analysis of Problem**
**►** **Educate and Enforce **
**         ****►** **Develop and Disseminate Educational **
**              ****Materials**
**         ****►**** ****Increase Enforcement**
**►** **Evaluate Program Effectiveness**

## RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS

** ****►** **TRB Synthesis Report on Commercial Motor**
**      ****Vehicle Driver Safety Belt Use, 2005 **
** **
** ****►**** ****NOPUS: National Occupant Protection Usage**
**                   ****Study (NHTSA), 2007****             **
**             **
**►** **Technology Countermeasures Study, 2008    **

## Transportation Research Board CMV Safety Belt Study

**►** **Literature Review**
**►** **Two Surveys**
** ****-  Safety Managers (120)**
**Drivers (238)**
**Structured interviews**
**Two focus groups**
**►** **Ergonomics and Human Factors Review**
**►** **Recommendations **

## ► Just forget

**►**** ****Too much trouble and effort**
**►** **Just forget**
**►** **Habit**
**►** **Belt fits poorly**
**►** **Uncomfortable**
**►** **Restricts movement**
**►** **Infringes on personal**
**     ****freedom**

**TRB STUDY **
- Safety Manager Survey Results

**Major Reasons Why Safety Belts Might Not Be Used**

**►** **Worried about being**
**     ****trapped**
**►** **Don’t believe belts enhance **
**     ****safety**
**►** **Don’t like them**
**►** **Use only part-time  (e.g.,**
**     ****bad weather)**

## TRB STUDY 

**Top Three Approaches Safety Managers Use**
**►** **Rewards/recognition for observed use**
**►** **Observing use in vehicles**
**►** **Punishments/reprimands for non-use**
**	**** ****►** **There were other methods identified, and**
**                    ****indications that fleet managers use multiple**
**                    ****approaches.**
**     ►** **Highest rated government program method **
**            ****was showing crash dummies.**

**TRB STUDY **
- Safety Manager Survey Results

## TRB STUDY 

**Choices to wear belts relate to**
**►** **Safety**
**►** **Because it’s the law**
**►** **It’s a habit**
**►** **Past crash observance**
**Reasons why belt not worn**
**    **** ►** **Comfort**
**►** **Personal choice**
**►** **Dislike**

**TRB STUDY **
- Driver Survey Results

## TRB STUDY 

**Comfort Factors Include **
**►** **Limited range of arm and shoulder motion**
**►** **Belt too short, or too tight**
**►** **Shoulder harness position is awkward**
**►** **Belts ride too high or too low**
**Many Drivers (62%) Had Complaints About Safety Belts**
**►** **Belt rubs or vibrates against neck/shoulder**
**►** **Belt locks**
**►** **Belt too tight or uncomfortable**
**►** **Belt has limited range of motion**

- TRB STUDY
- Driver Survey Results

## TRB STUDY Driver Survey Results

**Reasons Safety Belts Easy to Use**
**►** **Does not fit too tight**
**►** **Does not interfere with driving**
**►** **Easy to put on and take off**
**►** **Easy to position**
**Carrier/Fleet Interactions**
**►** **Most respondents to this question **
**     ****indicated no penalty for non-use, and**
**     ****no special incentives to encourage use.**

## TRB STUDYErgonomics and Human Factors Issues

**Assessment based on original equipment manufacturers** **visits and observations of 3-point belts:**
**►**** ****Majority of belts are practical and functional**
**►** **Newer belts even more user-friendly**
**►** **Many drivers not fully aware of comfort and easy-**
**     ****to-use features**
**►** **Need to focus on small- and large-stature driver**
**     ****situations**

**TRB STUDY**Ergonomics and Human Factors Issues

## TRB STUDYErgonomics and Human Factors Issues

**►** **Generally, the positive values of belt use are **
**     ****understood and appreciated by CMV drivers.**
**►** **Where top management is committed to driver use, **
**     ****and encourage and provide rewards, usage rates **
**     ****are high.**
**►** **The belts generally available have features that**
**     ****can make belt use comfortable and convenient for**
**     ****drivers.**
**►** **Safety belt manufacturers and OEMs are taking**
**     ****steps to further improve convenience and comfort.**

**TRB STUDY**Ergonomics and Human Factors Issues

## TRB STUDYErgonomics and Human Factors Issues

**►** **Many drivers have a cultural or factual misperception about **
**     ****risks of non-use.**
**►** **Fleet managers do not employ proactive and comprehensive**
**     ****approaches to driver use.**
**►** **Some operational situations (multi-stop, short distance and **
**      ****delivery environments) encourage drivers to give in to **
**      ****perceived  inconvenience.**
**►** **Large- and small-statured drivers experience discomfort.**
**►** **Many drivers unaware of comfort and convenience features.**
**►** **Not all fleets insist on most advanced belts in trucks.**

**TRB STUDY**Ergonomics and Human Factors Issues

## TRB STUDYRecommendations

**►** **FMCSA should continue its plan to use the **
**     ****education and enforcement model established by **
**     ****NHTSA as an effective method to increase safety **
**     ****belt use.  **
**►** **There is an overall need for extensive education **
**     ****and technology development efforts to –**
**►** **Increase driver understanding of values of 100% **
**     ****use, and risks of non-use.**
**► ****Strongly encourage fleet managers to commit to**
**     ****a comprehensive program to promote safety belt**
**     ****use.**

## TRB STUDYRecommendations Continued

**►** **Accelerate installation of  full-featured safety**
**    ****belts in all fleet vehicles.**
**►** **Focus on eliminating small- and large-stature **
**    ****driver issues.**

## Technology Countermeasures  Study, 2008

**►** 	Identify and evaluate _technological approaches_ to 	improve safety belt use for commercial motor vehicle 	drivers (Class 4-8 Trucks)
**	****►** 	Identify demographics of CMV safety belt non-users to 	target countermeasures using US DOT crash data
**	****►** 	Learn about types and characteristics of crashes where 	CMV drivers were killed

## Technology Countermeasures  Study, 2008 - Conclusions

**►** 	Current safety standards for large trucks (FMVSS 208) 	do not require safety belt reminder systems of any kind.
**	****►** 	Increasing safety belt use by CMV drivers to the rates of 	passenger vehicle usage (from 59% to 81% in 2006) 	would significantly reduce fatalities and serious injuries.
**►** 	74 CMV driver fatalities would be prevented if safety belt 	usage rates rose to the level observed for passenger 	vehicle drivers
**►** 	860-1,340 moderate to seriously injured CMV drivers 	could have sustained injuries less severe if they were 	restrained

## Technology Countermeasures  Study, 2008 - Conclusions

**►** 	Two promising technologies were identified that 	are acceptable to stakeholders, cost effective 	and likely 	to improve safety belt wearing rates
- 	**►** 	Enhanced Audible Reminder Systems
- 	**►** 	Brightly colored safety belts
**►** 	In addition, two additional technologies have been 	identified which show promise and are acceptable to 	stakeholders
- 	**►** 	Komfort Latch System
- 	**►** 	Seat Integrated Restraints

## EDUCATION AND OUTREACH

## Driver Breakfast

**Driver Breakfast**
**Mid-America Trucking Show, Louisville, KY**
**April 1, 2005**

**Notes:**
Picture of Paul Claunch, President, CVSA, Jim Johnston, President, OOIDA, Tim Lynch, President and CEO, MFCA, Steve Williams, Chairman, ATA, Annette Sandberg, Administrator, FMCSA  and Secretary Norman Y. Mineta.  

## Driver Breakfast

**Mid-America Trucking Show, Louisville, KY**
**April 1, 2005**

**Notes:**
Picture of Carol Ann Schlussler,  “Independent Contractor of the Year”, Truckload Carriers Association, Secretary Norman Y. Mineta and Steve Fields, Yellow Transportation, “2004 Driver of the Year” ,Missouri Motor Carriers Association.

## Driver Breakfast

**Driver Breakfast**
**Mid-America Trucking Show, Louisville, KY**
**April 1, 2005**

**Notes:**
Picture of FMCSA Administrator Annette Sandberg, Jim Johnston, President, OOIDA and Carol Ann Schlussler, “Independent Contractor of the Year”, Truckload Carriers Association. 

## April 1, 2005, Driver Breakfast 

**►** **U.S. Department of Transportation Secretary Norman Y. Mineta announced BE READY. BE BUCKLED. campaign**
**►** **Message to Drivers -  **
**BE READY. BE BUCKLED. speaks to the unpredictability of what one may encounter on the road, encouraging truck drivers to drive defensively and buckle up because they can't control the other drivers on the road.  **
**It encourages truck drivers to buckle up in order to stay in control of their vehicle and reduce injuries, ejection and death.**

**Notes:**
While commercial motor vehicle drivers are trained professionals and most consider themselves to be safe drivers, they still need to be prepared (ready) for any sudden occurrences on the highway, which may result in a crash.  Many of these occurrences are the results of other drivers engaged in activities that compete for their attention while driving.  (ex. eating, talking on a cell phone, feeling angry or stressed before getting behind the wheel, putting on make-up while driving, picking CDs that have fallen to the floor, etc.)  Not to mention weather and highway conditions that can result in crashes.  

## Education and Outreach 

**►** **TransCore ****load monitoring systems, in truck**
**    ****stops throughout the country, continue to carry **
**    ****safety belt messages every hour.  **
**►** **Increasing Safety Belt Use in** **Your Company.**
**          ****How to manual**
**          ****PowerPoint Training Slides**
**►** **Sirius Satellite Radio and XM Satellite Radio**

## Education and Outreach 

- Safety Belt Public Service Announcement withRusty Wallace, Racing Legend

_**Audio PSAs**_
**  ****15 seconds**
**  ****30 seconds **
**  ****60 seconds**
_**Video PSAs**_
**  ****15 seconds**
**  ****30 seconds**

## Education and Outreach 

**2008 *****Be Ready. Be Buckled.***** Kids Poster Contest**** ****Winning Poster Sara O’Dell Oklahoma**

## Education and Outreach 

- Saved By the Belt Campaign
- CVSA recognizes drivers who buckled up and whose lives were saved or injuries significantly reduced as a result of wearing  a safety belt.

## www.fmcsa.dot.gov/safetybelt 

**►** **Education/Outreach Material**
**             ****All brochures**
**             *****BE READY. BE BUCKLED*****. outreach material**
**	****	****	****	****	****	****	****	****	****	****Brochures, Poster, Bumper Sticker**
**►**** ****Increasing Safety Belt Use in Your Company Manual**
**►**** ****Public Service Announcements**
**►** **Frequently Asked Questions**
**►** **Speeches/Presentations**
**►** **Events**
**►** **CMV Safety Belt Related Studies**

## FACTS

**►****In 2006, 703 drivers of large trucks died in truck** **crashes and 314 of those drivers were not wearing safety belts. Of the 188 drivers killed who were ejected from their vehicles, almost 80% were not wearing safety belts.**
**►** **In 2006, 805 drivers and occupants of large trucks died in truck crashes and 393 of these were not wearing safety belts. Of the 217 drivers and occupants who were killed and ejected from their vehicles, approximately 81% were not wearing safety belts.**
**►** **Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations require commercial motor vehicle drivers to wear safety belts. (49 CFR 392.16) **

## FACTS

**►** **51% of truck-occupant fatalities in large trucks involve a **
**    ****rollover.  Rollover in a large truck increases the **
**    ****likelihood of fatality by 30 times. In a rollover, a truck**
**    ****driver is 80% less likely to die when wearing a safety**
**    ****belt. **
**►**** ****About 23,000 large-truck occupants suffered nonfatal **
**     ****injuries in crashes; of these, 4,000 were seriously **
**     ****injured. **
**► ****73% of truck drivers killed, who were not wearing a **
**    ****safety belt, were involved in single vehicle crashes.**

## Slide 35