# Presentation: 936107

## In Vivo Imaging Middleware and Applications

***RSNA 2007***

- Berkant Barla Cambazoglu
- The Ohio State University
- Department of Biomedical Informatics

## Overview

**In Vivo Imaging Middleware (IVIM)**
**IVIM Applications**
- gridIMAGE
- gridMatlab
- virtualPACS
- Federated query processing infrastructure
- caMicroscope

## In Vivo Imaging Middleware

**Purpose: to create the core infrastructure for Grid enabling imaging applications**
**Grid middleware layered on the caGrid infrastructure**
**Services, tools, and APIs**
- DICOM–Grid interoperability
- High-performance data transfer
- Development/deployment tools for imaging-based grid services
- Security

- Project 1: Middleware
- Project 2: XIP: Extensible Imaging Platform
- Project 3: AIM: Annotation and Image Markup
- Project 4: Algorithm Validation Toolkit
- Project 5: Vocabulary (ACRIN + Radlex)
- Project 5: DICOM Ontology Project
- Project 6: Query Formulation Project
- Project 7: XIP Translational Workstation
- Project 8: Central Review in Cooperative Groups

## IVIM Services

**DICOM data service**
- Provides a two-way interface between caGrid and DICOM
- Supports DICOM C_FIND, C_GET, C_MOVE, and C_STORE commands
- Leverages caGrid for service discovery, remote access, and security (authentication and authorization).
- Uses gridFTP and WS_Enumeration for bulk data transfer
- Uses the NCIA DICOM data model
**Generic image data service**
- Provides a two way interface between caGrid and generic images on a file system
- Can be extended to use a database that contains image metadata
- Leverages caGrid for service discovery, remote access, and security
- Uses gridFTP for data transfer
- Uses the Generic Image data model developed by OSU
**AIM data service**
- A data service for storing AIM annotations
- Berkeley DB XML database
- Uses the AIM data model developed at NWU
**Other services**
- DSD container and repository services, CERR data service

## IVIM Core Capabilities

**Bulk data transport**
- GridFTP is used for transfer of data
- Facilitates retrieval and submission of large images
- WS enumeration-based data transfer
**Security**
- User-level authorization
- Data-level authorization
- Transport-level authorization
**Development tools**
- SDK: Introduce extensions to facilitate creation of services
- IVIWizard: Tool to facilitate configuration and deployment of DICOM Data Services

## IVIM Applications

**Applications using IVIM**
- gridIMAGE
- gridMatlab
- virtualPACS
- Federated query processing infrastructure
- caMicroscope

## gridIMAGE

**A grid-based application that enables distributed access and review of DICOM images**
**Supports cross-institute, geographically distributed research collaborations and clinical decision making**
- Multiple CAD and research algorithms
- Multiple human reviewers
- Multiple data repositories with large number of subjects
- Distributed compute and storage systems
**Enable parameter studies and clinical and preclinical trials**
**Facilitate algorithm development and validation through the use of many distributed, shared image datasets**

## gridIMAGE

**Grid data services**
- DICOM image data service with PixelMed DICOM PACS backend
- Result data service with Mako XML database backend
- Work order data service with Mako XML database backend
**Grid analytical services**
- IDL and Matlab analytical services that retrieve data from data services
- Support for CAD applications and running IDL, Matlab algorithms
**Grid security**
- Dorian-based authentication and encrypted conversation
- Bulk data transport via secured gridFTP

## gridIMAGE

- In Vivo Imaging Middleware used to create DICOM Data Service, Human Markup and CAD Analytical Service (caGrid 1.0 Gold Compliant Service)
- CAD Service upon invocation retrieves images from remote DICOM Data Service and submits CAD markups to a central result server
- Reviewers login to markup client and retrieve pending review requests
- Markup client retrieves images from DICOM Data Service and submits 			markup results to a central result server

## gridIMAGE

## gridMatlab

**Prototype application for accessing DICOM data service over the grid within Matlab**
**Simplified version of gridIMAGE**
**APIs for accessing DICOM data services from Matlab**

## VirtualPACS

- VirtualPACS federates caGrid DICOM data services
- Provide DICOM messaging interface to caGrid DICOM data services
- Allows a user to use their own commercial DICOM workstation to collaborate and share knowledge with the community
- Gives a PACS-interface to DICOM data stored in imaging archives, file systems or other non-PACS data warehouses
- Leverages the caGrid 1.0 technology including the GAARDS security mechanisms

## Federated Query Processing (FQP)  Infrastructure

**Leveraging caGrid FQP infrastructure**
- Mechanisms to perform basic distributed aggregations and joins of queries over multiple data services
- Distributed caGrid Query Language (DCQL)
**Sample queries**
- “Find all AIM annotations related to a specified set of patients”
- “Find the AIM annotations located at the upper right lob and created by a certain radiologist for a certain study”
- “Find the DICOM RT objects corresponding to particular CERR Matlab objects”
**Components**
- Federated query processing service
- Federated query result service
- Federated query engine
- Federated query processing client
- caGrid data services

## Federated Query Processing (FQP)  Infrastructure

## Federated Query Processing (FQP)  Infrastructure

## caMicroscope

**Service-based infrastructure**
- Multiple, geographically distributed scientists and developers access a common image data repository
- Shared code repository allowing reusability of the developed codes
- Remote job execution
- Remote image visualization
**Multi-processor backend**
- Fast parallel processing of images
- Specifically designed for very large-scale image processing
- Pipelined processing capabilities

## caMicroscope

**caMicroscope data service**
- Based on the caGrid 1.0 middleware
- Using Introduce service development toolkit
**Provided operations on images/algorithms**
- Query
- CQL
- Retrieve/Upload
- Bulk data transfer
- View
- Aperio libraries
- SVS images
- Execute
- Out-of-core virtual microscope

## caMicroscope

## caMicroscope