# Presentation: 333206

## International Linear Collider 

- Bob Kephart
- ILC Program Director
- Fermilab

- 1 TeV

## What Next for Fermilab ?

- Some time around 2009 the Fermilab Tevatron, will finish its more than 20 yr run as the world’s highest energy collider.
- It will be supplanted by a new higher energy machine (LHC) built in Europe at CERN in Geneva Switzerland
- After the Tevatron, Fermilab will still operate some accelerators for neutrino experiments,  participate in LHC and in astrophysics experiments for a while....

## What Next for Fermilab ?

- However, the future of Fermilab and US High Energy Physics past the end of the decade is uncertain in the absence of a new “energy frontier” accelerator project
- At the same time, new discoveries in Science have led us to profound questions about our world.

## Questions about the Universe

- 1. Are there undiscovered principles of nature:
-     New symmetries, new physical laws?
- 2. What is Dark energy ?
- 3. What is Dark Matter ?
- 	Can we make it in the laboratory ?
- 4. Are there extra dimensions of space?
- 5. Do all the forces become one?
- 6. Why are there so many kinds of particles?
- 7. What are neutrinos telling us?
- 8. How did the universe come to be?
- 9. What happened to the antimatter?

## What Next for Fermilab ?

- Providing answers to these questions will require new experiments and more powerful accelerators than those that exist.
- A world consensus among physicists has concluded that the next new global accelerator facility should be a high energy e+e- collider
- the “International Linear Collider” or ILC

## Accelerators powerful tools!

- PEP-II, SLAC, Palo Alto, USA

- HERA, DESY, Hamburg, Germany

- KEKb, KEK, Tsukuba, Japan

- Tevatron, Fermilab, Chicago, USA

## E = mc2    

- Energy allows us to make particles not seen since the earliest moments of the big bang

- Two opposing linear accelerators (e+e-)

- Energy

- Particle and anti-particle annihilate.

**particle beam**
**energy**

**anti-particle beam**
**energy**

- ILC

## ILC Global Design Effort

-  All regions of the world are involved in ILC R&D
-  A global team has formed (GDE) representing the Americas, Europe, and Asia
- Considerable technical challenges in the design of the machine!
- ILC is huge ~ 50 km long.  Making the machine affordable is also a challenge. The cost could be in the range of  $ 5-10 B.
- We clearly have to sell the public and out colleagues on the value of the science. We also need the support of our local community
- There are many uncertainties in the outcome of our proposals and on the time scale for construction of the ILC.
- Good News: US DOE has stated that if the ILC is built in the US it should be sited on or near the Fermilab site  the opportunity for Fermilab and Illinois is tremendous!

## Fermilab: A Possible Host of ILC

- FNAL is large, but ILC extends well beyond the site

## ILC Schedule

## Fermilab: ILC R&D

- ILC Accelerator Physics and Technology R&D
-  Accelerator Technology
-  SCRF Technology
-  Main Linac design
-  Cryogenic system design
-  RF power for the Linac
- Accelerator Physics
-  Linac Design, Emittance Preservation Simulation
-  Damping Ring Design, Instability calculations
-  Collimation and Machine detector interface
- Civil: Near Fermilab site, Tunnel, Vibration studies
- Detector R&D
- Collaboration & Outreach: Universities, National and International laboratories, Local public, State and Federal Government and international agencies.

## Economic Impact of the ILC

**Construction:**
- The estimated ILC construction cost will be in the range of $5-10B over eight years.
- The civil construction will exceed $2.5B.
- Purchases from U.S. industry would be in excess of $2B.
- If approved for construction in Illinois, the project could produce more than 50,000 job-years and $2B in new personal income for Illinois residents during construction.

## Economic Impact of the ILC

**Operations:**
- Operation of the facility would add more than $300 million per year in income for Illinois residents
- Estimates are based on economic multipliers developed by the University of Illinois and on ANL recent experience with the construction of the Advanced Photon Source.
- They assume that about 60 per cent of the project is funded with U.S funds and that during construction about 65 per cent of project contracts and 60 per cent of procurements will be placed in Illinois.

## Economic Impact of the ILC

**Spinoffs:**
- Economic benefits of ILC associated with materials development, medicine and agriculture have not yet been determined.
- However, these are billion dollar industries and the potential economic impacts are extremely large.
- The Regional Development Institute at NIU has been retained to estimate the economic impact.
**Conclude:** It is safe to assume that if the ILC is sited at Fermilab, the economic impact to the region and the state of Illinois will be large