# Presentation: 532334

## Vehicle Highway Cooperative Systems

**National IVI Meeting**
**June 26, 2003**
- Christopher Wilson
- VP, ITS Strategy & Programs
- DaimlerChrysler Research and Technology North America Inc.

## Issues Facing Us

- Need
- Technology
- Applications
- Institutional
- Business model
- Deployment model
- Management and Extension
- Approach
- Conclusion

- Cooperation will happen, we can determine when, and the applications it will support.

## Need for cooperative systems

**Societal costs (USA) of issues that can be addressed through cooperative systems**
- Safety
- 42,000 lives lost
- 3,000,000 injuries
- $230 Billion
- Traffic
- 6 billion person hours lost per year
- $80 Billion lost wages and wasted fuel
- Homeland security
- Goods monitoring
- Oil dependency
- Environment
- Quality of living

- Through cooperation we have the potential to address the above problems in significant new ways

## Cooperative Systems Enablers- Technology

- Communications-  basic enable for cooperation
- Cellular (long range, low data rate, packet based)
- Dedicated Short range Communications (DSRC- 802.11p, short range, ‘hot spots’, high bandwidth, low latency)
- Broadcast technologies (satellite radio, digital broadcast...)
- Positioning
- GPS upgrades & augmentations
- Galileo
- MEMs inertial measurement technology

- DSRC is the only one of these technologies that needs to be deployed by the transportation community

## Applications- Safety

- Communications Latency

- Positioning  Accuracy

- Week

- Minute

- Second

- 10 m

- 0.01 m

- 1  m

- 0.1 m

- Obstacle detection

- Driver calibration

- Media (CD)

- 802.11p-DSRC

- Cell network

- Satellite radio

- 802.11a/b/g (WiFi)

- GPS II

- GPS III

- Galileo

- NDGPS

- GPS w/L5

## Applications- Roadway Management

- Communications Latency

- Positioning  Accuracy

- Week

- Minute

- Second

- 10 m

- 0.01 m

- 1  m

- 0.1 m

- Obstacle detection

- Lane level traffic

- Media (CD)

- 802.11p-DSRC

- Cell network

- Satellite radio

- 802.11a/b/g (WiFi)

- GPS II

- GPS III

- Galileo

- NDGPS

- GPS w/L5

## Mutual benefits

- OEMs

- DOTs

- Congestion info
- Origin-destination pairs
- Road condition

- Drivers

- Increased safety
- Traffic information
- Services (ETC, MP3 download...)

- Diagnostics
- Differentiation through services to driver
- Relationship management

- DSRC

## Institutional Issues

- Vehicle Industry
- Not used to depending on other industries
- Specifies...
- ...with well defined specifications
- Applies to any system that interacts with variable infrastructure
- Provides predictable reliability
- Infrastructure
- 35,000 public and private entities own or operate roads in the US
- Independent entities, and getting more so (states rights)
- Resistant to paying for information about ‘their’ systems

- The automotive and infrastructure industries have to learn how to communicate.

## Business Model

- Communications costs must be controlled
- Public and private entities have (some) very different cost/benefit functions.
- But have some common goals
- Safety
- Congestion relief
- Benefits (especially for infrastructure) not well defined and quantified.
- Benefits may be very different in different regions of the country
- Costs (especially risk) and benefits not necessarily aligned across industries or regions

- Business model must be clear to all to mitigate risk

## Deployment Model

- Deploys everywhere simultaneously with penetration increasing with time
- Requires economies of scale
- Can’t deploy vehicles first since no one to ‘talk’ with
- Infrastructure
- Deploys locally with little coordination between localities
- Generally no intent for continuity of ITS systems
- Not financially feasible
- Can’t deploy without vehicles to ‘talk’ with

**Deployment Model**

- Deployment model will require significant coordination and commitment long before revenues appear.

## System management and extension

- How do we ensure long term stability of the ‘network’?
- Can automotive OEMs manage the network?
- Can public entities manage the network?
- How will upgrades and extensions be managed and financed?
- Is there an evolutionary path?
- Privacy

**System management and extension**

- Industry will require long term viability to take the risks.  How can this be demonstrated?

## Action plan for cooperative system deployment

- The actions required to move forward appear to be the following:
- Create a vision for cooperation between vehicles and infrastructure at a high level.
- Create a mechanism for consensus and ‘standards compliance’ within the infrastructure community.
- Develop the business case for cooperation.
- Demonstrate the business case in a full-scale initial deployment test in a selected geographic location, then go national quickly.
- Phase in the visible applications
- Probe & traffic, entertainment
- Point to point safety applications
- Multi-car safety applications

## Conclusion

- We are technically approaching the ability to deploy cooperative systems, yet significant business and deployment issues still remain to be resolved.
- We will need a large scale test to resolve these issues before the risks are manageable for the deployment of a nationwide system.