# Presentation: 690433

## Development and Implementation of FGDC Standards 

- Development and Implementation of FGDC Standards

- Presented by
- Julie Binder Maitra
- Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC)
- To
- Second Earth Science Data Systems Working Group (ESDSWG) Meeting
- October 19, 2004

## Introduction to the FGDC 
Federal guidance on the National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI)
Components of the NSDI
FGDC Organization
FGDC Standards Development Process
FGDC Standards Accomplishments
Non-Federal standards
Framework Data Standards

- Introduction to the FGDC
- Federal guidance on the National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI)
- Components of the NSDI
- FGDC Organization
- FGDC Standards Development Process
- FGDC Standards Accomplishments
- Non-Federal standards
- Framework Data Standards

- Development and Implementation of FGDC Standards

## Federal guidance on NSDI

-  Executive Order 12906 (April 1994) establishes the National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI) as “the technology, policies, standards, and human resources necessary to acquire, process, store, distribute, and improve utilization of geospatial data.”
-  OMB Circular A-16 (Revised August 2002)
- incorporates EO 12906 and affirms the NSDI.
- establishes the FGDC as the interagency coordinating body for NSDI-related activities

## Components of the NSDI

## FGDC Organization

**USDA**
**Commerce**
**Defense**
**NIMA**
**USACE**
**Energy**
**GSA**
**HUD**
**HHS**
**Interior**
**Justice**

**Transportation**
**EPA**
**FEMA**
**Library of Congress**
**NARA**
**NASA**
**NSF**
**Department of State**
**TVA**

- Federal agency members

## Slide 6

## The FGDC Standards Process is:
Structured
Iterative
Well-documented
The FGDC develops standards for geospatial data only when there are no non-Federally authored standards that fulfill agency missions and program needs
 The FGDC standards development process is modeled after ISO and ANSI standards processes

- The FGDC Standards Process is:
- Structured
- Iterative
- Well-documented
- The FGDC develops standards for geospatial data only when there are no non-Federally authored standards that fulfill agency missions and program needs
-  The FGDC standards development process is modeled after ISO and ANSI standards processes

- FGDC Standards Process

## FGDC Standards Process

## FGDC Standards Process

- The FGDC Standards Process is iterative

**Notes:**
Although the text in this diagram did not reproduce clearly, the diagram shows that the standards process is iterative and steps may have to repeated.  Specifically, the FGDC Standards Working Group will return a proposal or draft standard to the standards development group if improperly formatted, information is omitted, or if there are glaring problems. 

## FGDC Standards Process

- The FGDC Standards Process is documented in:
-  FGDC Standards Reference Model, http://www.fgdc.gov/standards/refmod97.pdf
-  13 supporting FGDC Directives, http://www.fgdc.gov/standards/directives/directives.html

**Notes:**
Although the text in this diagram did not reproduce clearly, the diagram shows that the standards process is iterative and steps may have to repeated.  Specifically, the FGDC Standards Working Group will return a proposal or draft standard to the standards development group if improperly formatted, information is omitted, or if there are glaring problems. 

## FGDC Standards Accomplishments

- 20 FGDC Endorsed Standards
- First standard endorsed in 1995: *Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata* (version 2.0), FGDC-STD-001-1998
- Latest standard endorsed in August 2002: *Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata: Extensions for Remote Sensing Metadata*, FGDC-STD-012-2002
- Other endorsed standards include:
*Spatial Data Transfer Standard* (SDTS) & profiles
*Geospatial Positioning Accuracy Standards*
- Various thematic data standards
- 19 other Standards in various stages of the FGDC Standards Process

## Geographic Information Standards Activities 

- Is U.S. member body of

**ISO Technical Committee (TC) 211**

**American National Standards Institute (ANSI)**

**INCITS Technical**

**CommitteeL1**

**InterNational Committee on Information Technology Standards (INCITS)**

- Is accredited by

- Is a Subcommittee of

- Is a voting member of

- Is an advisory member of

- Federal Standards

- Is strategic member of

- Accredits INCITS L1
- as U.S. TAG to

**ISO**

- Is a Technical Committee of

**NIST**

- Consortia and
- Academia

- ANSI Accredited Standards Development
-  Organization

**Open Geospatial **
**Consortium**

- OMG
- W3C
- OASIS
- etc.

- Other Standards
- Development
-  Organizations

**ICSP**

**FGDC**

**State**

**Municipalities**

- Chairs

- MOU

- Sets Policy For

**OMB**

- Reports to

- Participate in
- standards
- development

**ISO/TC 211 – Joint Advisory**
**Group (JAG)**

**Geographic Information Standards Activities **
**in the United States**

## ISO Technical Committee 211, Geographic information/Geomatics,  is focused on abstract specifications, design framework, and international political consensus 
Open Geospatial Consortium specializes in extending the abstract model into implementation specifications 
FGDC and INCITS Technical Committee L1, GIS, support the development of thematic data content standards

- ISO Technical Committee 211, Geographic information/Geomatics,  is focused on abstract specifications, design framework, and international political consensus
- Open Geospatial Consortium specializes in extending the abstract model into implementation specifications
- FGDC and INCITS Technical Committee L1, GIS, support the development of thematic data content standards

**FGDC participation in non-Federal standards organizations**

**Base Standard**

**Transportation**

**Elevation**

**Cadastral**

**Hydrography**

**Governmental **
**Units**

**Orthoimagery**

**Geodetic Control**

- Air

- Rail

- Roads

- Waterways

- Transit

**Framework Data Themes**

## Development of Framework Data Standards

**Development of ****Framework Data Standards**

- Develop standards through procedures established by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and InterNational Committee for Information Technology Standards (INCITS).
- Bring together subject matter experts from all levels of government (Federal, State, and local), academia, and the private sector to develop data standards for Framework themes
- Use ISO 19100 series of geographic information standards developed by ISO Technical Committee 211, Geographic information/Geomatics, ANSI standards, and FGDC standards to develop Framework data standards
- Apply ISO General Feature Model to define feature types
- Provide UML modeling support
- Provide documentation of feature types in data dictionary
- Map UML data models to XML/Geography Markup Language schema documents

## Application of ISO General Feature Model

**Application of ISO General Feature Model**

- Revised UML data model
- for Governmental Unit Boundaries

**Notes:**
Chose example from Governmental Unit Boundary standard because this was the standards that I used at the presentation in Berlin
This model maintains unnecessary references to groups of curves and polygons that are otherwise already managed through features and geometries. A simplified model is shown to maintain information content.

## Data Dictionary Documentation

- Excerpt from data dictionary for GUB_GovernmentalUnit class

| Name | Definition | Obligation | MO | Data Type  | Domain |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| GUB_GovernmentalUnit | The GU being documented | M | 1..* | Class | Lines 20-28 |
| typeName | The designated name for the type of GU whose data are being described | M | 1 | CharacterString | Annex C, free text |
| typeNameAbbreviation | The abbreviated name for the type of GU whose data are being described | C/ if an abbreviation exists for GU Type Name | 0..1 | CharacterString | Free text |
| typeDefinition | Definition of the type of GU whose data are being described | C/ if the type definition is known | 0..1 | CharacterString | Annex C, free text |
| typeCode | The specific code which identifies the GU being described | C/ if a type code exists | 0..* | CharacterString/ Integer | Free number |
| codingSystemReference | GU type code reference | M | 1..* | CharacterString/ Integer | FIPS code, free text, free number |
| maintenanceRelationshipList | List of common areal information between one or more GUs or legal entities and geographic area features for the GU type being described | C/ if one or more maintenance relationships exist | 0..* | CharacterString | Free text |
| contiguousRelationshipList | List of GUs or feature objects that share a common point or portion of a boundary | C/ if one or more contiguous relationships exist  | 0..* | CharacterString | Free text |
| composedOfRelationshipList | List of GU or feature object that contains subentities that are completely contained within and are the extent of the entity | C/ if one or more composed of relationships exist  | 0..* | CharacterString | Free text |
| composesRelationshipList | List of GU subentities that are completely contained within an entity | C/ if one or more composes relationships exist  | 0..* | CharacterString | Free text |

## Map UML Models to XML/GML Schemas

**Map UML Models ****to XML/GML Schemas**

- UML data models in .xmi format were transformed to XML/Geography Markup Language (GML) schemas through UGAS software tool
- The XML/GML schema documents can be used to create, validate, and process geographic information with XML parsing and validation software.
- Activity supported through Information Interoperability component of the Open Geospatial Consortium’s Open Web Services 2.0 Testbed

## Status of Framework Data Standards

**Status of Framework Data Standards**

- Standards project is registered as INCITS Project 1574-D, Geographic Information – Framework Data Content Standard
- Objective is an American National Standard (ANS)
-  Standards initially developed through Geospatial One-Stop e-government initiative, but FGDC has assumed leadership for further development
- Draft standards out for public review until October 30, 2004
- The FGDC funded projects across the U.S. to serve and use Framework data over the web using the Open Geospatial Consortium’s Web Feature Service (WFS) specification.

## Resources

**Resources**

- FGDC, *www.fgdc.gov*
- Framework Standard Registered Review site, *http://www.fgdc.gov/RReview*
- INCITS Technical Committee L1, *www.incits-l1.org*
- ISO Technical Committee 211, *www.isotc211.org*
-  Open Geospatial Consortium (formerly OpenGIS Consortium), *www.opengeospatial.org*
- Mapping an ISO 19100 UML Application Schema to a GML Application Schema, *http://www.interactive-instruments.de/ugas*
- Object Management Group, *www.omg.org* (UML specification and .xmi format)
- W3C, *www.w3c.org* (XML specification)

## Julie Binder Maitra

- FGDC Standards Coordinator
- Email: *jmaitra@fgdc.gov*
- Phone: 703 648 4627
- URL: *http://www.fgdc.gov/standards/standards.html*