# Presentation: 705404

## Massachusetts Multi-pollutant Power Plant Regulations

**Sharon Weber**
- Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection

- EPA Utility MACT Working Group – March 4, 2003 –Washington DC

- Background of regulation 310 CMR 7.29: Emissions Standards for Power Plants
- http://www.state.ma.us/dep/bwp/daqc/files/regs/7c.htm#29
- Mercury coal and emissions testing results
- Mercury control feasibility report
- Mercury standard-setting process

- March 4, 2003

## Environmental Concerns

- Acid Deposition
- Climate Change
- Mercury
- Nitrification, Eutrophication
- Ozone
- PM 2.5
- Regional Haze
- Visibility

- March 4, 2003

## Capacity Context

- March 4, 2003

## Major Provisions Effective May 11, 2001

- Standards
- Output-Based Emission Rates - SO2, NOx, CO2
- Annual caps for CO2 (tons) and Hg (lbs)
- Hg data collection for cap and 2003 proposed standard
- Hg control feasibility report by December 2002
- Compliance schedules
- Dates depend on compliance approach
- standard path - 10/04 and 10/06
- repowering path - 10/06 and 10/08
- Hg cap effective at first compliance date
- Proposed compliance date for Hg standard will be October 1, 2006

- March 4, 2003

## SO2 and NOx Standards

- SO2 and NOx
- 2 phase SO2 requirement
- 6.0 lb/MWh at first compliance date
- 3.0 lb/MWh at second compliance date
- 1.5 lb/MWh for NOx at first compliance date
- Compliance measured as a 12 month rolling average and monthly average at 2nd date

- March 4, 2003

## CO2 Standards

- CO2
- Annual facility cap based on three years of data at first compliance date
- Annual facility rate of 1800 lb CO2/MWh at second compliance date
- Compliance measured as a calendar 12 month average

- March 4, 2003

## Implementation

- Compliance Flexibility
- Two Compliance Options - standard and repowering
- Averaging within facility
- Early reduction credit for SO2
- Use of SO2 Allowances
- Off-site Reductions for CO2
- Greenhouse gas banking and trading regulation in development

- March 4, 2003

## Hg Data Collection

- Sampling for concentration of mercury and chlorine in each shipment of coal received at the 4 coal-fired facilities from May 2001-May 2002
- Sampling for concentration of speciated mercury at inlet (pre-ESP) and outlet (stack) of 8 coal-fired units (3 sets of tests over one year)

- March 4, 2003

## Coal Mercury Data

- March 4, 2003

## Coal Chlorine Data

- March 4, 2003

## Hg Emissions Data

- Sampling for concentration of mercury at inlet (pre-ESP) and outlet (stack) of 8 coal-fired units
- Round 1: summer 2001
- Round 2: winter 2001-2002
- Round 3: summer 2002

- March 4, 2003

## Brayton 1 Emissions Test Results250 MW, Bituminous Coal

- March 4, 2003

## Average Baseline Mercury Results by Unit

- March 4, 2003

## Mercury Control Feasibility Report – December 2002

- “Evaluation of the Technological and Economic Feasibility of Controlling and Eliminating Mercury Emissions from the Combustion of Solid Fossil Fuel”
- 85-90**+**% removal of flue gas Hg is feasible
- http://www.state.ma.us/dep/bwp/daqc/ daqcpubs.htm#other

- March 4, 2003

## Control Feasibility Report Technology Conclusions (1)

- Hg controls are technologically feasible
- Some existing US units are achieving up to 98% Hg removal
- Some MA units are already removing close to 90% of Hg
- Controls to meet MA SO2 and NOx standards are expected to achieve Hg reduction co-benefits

- March 4, 2003

## Control Feasibility Report Technology Conclusions (2)

- Hg controls are technologically feasible
- DOE field testing shows >90% Hg removal
- MA Municipal Waste Combustors are removing 90% of Hg
- Extensive funding for research has resulted in Hg control technologies that have reached the field testing stage

- March 4, 2003

## Control Feasibility Report Economic Conclusions

- Hg controls are economically feasible
- Sorbent-based Hg controls costs are similar to historically accepted NOx control costs (mills/kMWh)
- Multi-pollutant regs (like MA’s) improve cost-effectiveness

- March 4, 2003

## Schedule for standard setting process

- Three stakeholder meetings: Aug/Sep/Oct 2002
- Release of Feasibility Report: December 2002
- Stakeholder feedback on Feasibility Report and input on regulation issues: January 2003
- “Rule review” meeting to discuss working draft regulation: Spring 2003
- Release of proposed regulation for public comment & hearing: June 2003 (as per 7.29 regulation)

- March 4, 2003

## Major Issues for Proposed Standard

- Form of the standard
- Units of the standard
- Level of the standard
- Averaging time of the standard
- Demonstrating compliance with the standard
- Waste issues
- Unit and facility specific issues

- March 4, 2003