# Presentation: 678290

## U.S. Satellite-Based Navigation Systems

**Basic GPS:**
- Approved for Aviation Use in 1992

## Wide Area Augmentation 

**Wide Area Augmentation **
**System (WAAS)**

## WAAS Architecture

- 29 Operational
- Reference Stations
- 9 International
- Sites Not Yet Operational

- 3 Master
- Stations

- 4 Signal Generator
- System/ Ground
- Earth Stations

- 2 Geostationary
- Satellite with Uplinks

- 2 Operational
- Control Centers

## GEO Transition

- April 2007 – Telesat Becomes Operational

**GEO Transition**

**POR**
**178****E**

**AOR/W**
**54****W**

**Telesat**
**107****W**

**PanAmSat**
**133****W**

- Former Constellation – AOR/W and POR

- February 2006 – AOR/W Moved From 54° to 142°

- November 2006 – PanAmSat Became Operational

**AOR/W**
**142****W**

**Notes:**
Show why the coverage was moved from New England and what the solution is.
Good news for Australia....for now

## Future GEOs

**Future GEOs**

**Telesat**
**107****W**

**PanAmSat**
**133****W**

- Future Constellation – PanAmSat and Telesat

## WAAS Service CoverageSnapshots

*January 3, 2007*

## WAAS Service CoverageLPV and LNAV/VNAV Service Contours

***November 1, 2006***

***January 3, 2007***

## WAAS Service Coverage NPA Service Contour

**WAAS Service Coverage**** ****NPA Service Contour**

***January 3, 2007***

## Airports with WAAS (LPV) Procedures

- * As of December 21, 2006

**Airports with WAAS (LPV) Procedures**

**646 Approaches***

- Adding 300 more
- each year

## WAAS andRNAV Approach Charts

**LPV Minimum Line**

**WAAS Channel Number**

**WAAS Approach ID**
**W=WAAS**
**24=Runway 24**
**A=1****st**** WAAS Approach**
**To Rwy 24**

**Temperature Restriction**
**Does Not Apply to WAAS**
**Equipment**

**WAAS and****RNAV Approach Charts**

**NOT FOR NAVIGATION**

## WAAS Approach Procedures

**Existing Procedures*:**
- 2,891 GPS NPA
- 1,046 LNAV/VNAV
- 646 LPVs

- * As of December 21, 2006

**Procedure Production:**
- 300 new LPVs each year
- (FAA Flight Plan Goal)

## WAAS Avionics

**Avionics**
**Garmin GNS-480/CNX-80** – Available Now
- Estimated 4,000 units sold (as of late 2006)
**Garmin 400/500 Series Upgrade** – Available January 2007
- Of the 70,000 units sold, roughly 18,000 have pre-paid for the upgrade (as of late 2006)
**Rockwell Collins unit supporting high-end FMS users** (initial delivery to FAA for approval) - Expected March 2008
**Rockwell Collins WAAS LPV Upgrade for Challenger 604** (FAA flight inspection aircraft) - Scheduled for August 2007
**Chelton, CMC, Universal, and Thales** – Expected availability 2007/2008

## Preparing Airports for WAAS  

**WAAS Provides a Space-Based ILS-like Approach**
- No ground navigation hardware required
- WAAS uses the same ILS obstacle evaluation area and procedure criteria *
**Airport Infrastructure Needed**
- Paved runways over 3200 ft. long by 60 ft. wide
- Non-precision runway markings (or better)
- Runway safety zone
**Airport Infrastructure Recommended to Obtain the lowest possible minima**
-  Parallel taxiway (reduces decision height, but not mandatory)
-  Medium Intensity Runway Lights (reduces visibility and provides for night operations)
**Steps To Prepare Airport**
- Review information on getting an instrument approach at:  **http://avn.faa.gov/index.asp?xml=ifp/index**
- Contact Airport District Office to determine Infrastructure requirements/improvements
- Determine if required level of airport survey exists, is scheduled, or will be acquired.

-   * The same terrain issues that can prevent an ILS approach also pertain to LPVs.

## Local Area Augmentation System(LAAS)

## LAAS Benefits

**Precision Approach Service - CAT I/II/III**
**One LAAS Serves All Runway Ends**
**Potential for Reduced Facility Costs**
**Guided Missed Approaches**
**Provides Guidance for Complex Approaches**
**Siting Flexibility allows service where ILS Can’t be installed**
**May eliminate some ILS Critical Areas**
**Tighter Spacing Due to More Accurate Navigation**
**Parallel Simultaneous Instrument Approach Procedures**

## Multiple Approach Capability of LAAS

**Multiple Approach Capability of LAAS**

***Angled Approach***

***Straight Approach***

***Sectored Approach***

***Parallel Approach***

***Curved Approach***

## What Is the Status of LAAS?

**In Research and Development**
**Initial CAT I Capability Scheduled for 2008**
**LAAS Ground System Prototype Being Tested in Memphis**
**Avionics Already Available on Boeing & Airbus Aircraft**
- Boeing 737 new generation aircraft equipped with Multi Mode Receiver (MMR) Terminal Area
**Procedures Being Developed and Flight Tested at FAA Technical Center**
- Flight Tests Completed in Memphis in September 2006 Using FedEx Aircraft
**Prototype LAAS procedures (ILS overlays) developed for Memphis (MEM)**

**Notes:**
LAAS went to full scale development in 2001
Awarded contract to Honeywell in April 2003
LAAS redirected to R&D – February 2004

Direct commonality between LAAS and JPALS

## LAAS/GBAS International Efforts

**Frankfurt, Germany**

**Rio de Janeiro, Brazil**

**Malaga,**
**Spain**

**LAAS/GBAS International Efforts**

**Sydney, Australia**

## Summary

**Available Now!**

**Summary**

**WAAS (SBAS)**
**Available Now!**

**LAAS (GBAS)**
**Scheduled for 2008**

**Notes:**
In Summary,

WAAS development is on schedule and we expect to commission the system by September.

We are presently engaged in discussions to acquire additional GEO satellite services and expect to have a contract awarded this year.

We have begun our planning to continue the development of WAAS to its full operating capability which we have scheduled for 2007.

And finally, WAAS remains a cornerstone of the modernization of the navigation infrastructure of the national airspace system.