# Presentation: 923889

## MarsNext Decade MissionsFrank Jordan and Sylvia MillerMIDP WorkshopJuly 21, 2004

## Mars Missions - This Decade

**Global Surveyor, Odyssey, Mars Express ****	****In Mars orbit**
**Spirit, Opportunity ****	****	****	****On Mars Surface**
**Reconnaissance Orbiter ****	****	****	****Launch in 2005**
**Phoenix Lander****	****	****	****Launch in 2007**
**Science Laboratory Rover****	****	****	****Launch in 2009**
**Telesat Orbiter****	****	****	****Launch in 2009**

## Launch Opportunities for Next Decade

**Late ****	****2011**
**Late****	****2013 / early 2014**
**Early****	****2016**
**Mid****	****2018**
**Mid****	****2020**

## Slide 4

## Guiding Principles for the Next DecadeMars Exploration Payload Analysis Group (MEPAG)

***Guiding Principles for the Next Decade******Mars Exploration Payload Analysis Group (MEPAG)***

**I****	****Goal:**	Determine if life ever arose 	on Mars

**II****	****Goal:**	Determine climate on Mars

**III****	****Goal:**	Determine evolution of the 	surface and interior of Mars 	(Geology)

**IV****	****Goal:**	Prepare for Human Exploration

- <footer>2004/Frank2004/May04/DRD_Next_Dec_Miss_Plan

## Planning Elements and Participants 2002/03

**Science**
- Mars Science Program Synthesis Group
- Co-chairs:		Dan McCleese
- Jack Farmer (ASU)
- •	**Mission Definition, Costing, Technology Needs Identification**
- 			–	Pre-Projects and Advanced Studies Office
- 					–	Manager:		Frank Jordan
- •	**Technology Planning**
- 			–	Technology Program
- 					–	Manager:		Samad Hayati

## Mars Exploration ProgramNext Decade Timeline

**Mars Exploration Program****Next Decade Timeline**

## Selection Flexibility

- Our funding allows:
- The selection of the 2013 mission by early FY 07	***MRO***
- The selection of the 2016 mission by mid FY 09	***Phoenix***
- The selection of the 2018 mission by mid FY 11	***MSL***

***New results***
*** ******in hand from:***

## Next Steps

**For Sample Return Mission**
- Initiate Focused Technology Development Program
- Incorporate MER “Discoveries” into mission character
- Organize a pre-project for flight mission
- Initiate Returned Sample Handling System Development
- Develop a JPL Project Implementation Plan
**For Astrobiology Field Lab**
- Trades across various candidate payloads and mission capabilities

## Slide 10

## Guiding Principles for the Next DecadeMars Exploration Payload Analysis Group (MEPAG)

***Guiding Principles for the Next Decade******Mars Exploration Payload Analysis Group (MEPAG)***

**I****	****Goal:**	Determine if life ever arose 	on Mars

**II****	****Goal:**	Determine climate on Mars

**III****	****Goal:**	Determine evolution of the 	surface and interior of Mars 	(Geology)

**IV****	****Goal:**	Prepare for Human Exploration

## “Safe on Mars”
Environmental Measurements

•	Terrain morphology of landing sites
•	Mechanical properties of regolith
•	Rock/size distribution
•	Soil/dust adhesion
•	Radiation
•	Hexavalent chromium
•	ph (corrosion)
•	Safe-zone designation
	(no organic carbon)

***Environmental Measurements***
- •	Terrain morphology of landing sites
- •	Mechanical properties of regolith
- •	Rock/size distribution
- •	Soil/dust adhesion
- •	Radiation
- •	Hexavalent chromium
- •	ph (corrosion)
- •	Safe-zone designation
- 	(no organic carbon)

**   ****MEPAG (Goal IV)**
***Safe on Mars Measurements***
***                ******Plus***
***Engineering Demonstrations***
**•****	**Precision Landing
- 	Hazard Avoidance
**•****	**Mid L/D Aeroentry
- •	High-Mach Parachute
- •	ISRU
- •	Water Extraction
- •	Deep Drilling

**The Two Documented Sources for ****Needed Contributors from****Human Precursor Robotic Missions**

## Example Testbed Mission Scenario

|  | 2011 |  | 2013 |  | 2018 |  | 2022 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | First 
Testbed
Mission |  | 2nd
Testbed
Mission |  | 3rd
Testbed
Mission |  | 4th
Testbed
Mission |
| Safe-on-Mars Surface Measurements |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| ISRU |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Pinpoint Landing (accuracy) |       |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Subsurface Access (depth) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Increase Surface Mass
 •  Mid L/D
 •  High-Mach Parachutes |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Nuclear Fission Power on the Surface |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

**(2-4MT)**

***E  a  r  l  i  e  s  t       L    a  u  n  c  h       Y  e  a  r  s***

**(100m)**

**(10m)**

**(<10m)**

**(<10m)**

**(10m)**

**(50m)**

**(100m)**

**(2-4MT)**

**(1-2MT)**

**(1-2MT)**

## Example Next Decade Timeline

**Pin-Point **

**Landing**

**Subsurface Access**

**Heavier Mass**

**on Surface**

**Nuclear Power**

## Examples of Technical Synergy with the Science Program

|  | 2011 |  | 2013 |  | 2016 |  | 2018 |  | 2022 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|            Pinpoint Landing | Demo |  | Demo |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|            Subsurface Access |  |  | Demo |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|          Increased Surface Mass |  |  |  |  |  |  | Demo |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|             Nuclear Fission Power |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 
 |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Science Program |      |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|             |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Human Program |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

**Examples of Technical Synergy ****with the Science Program**

***Testbed***
*** ******Program***

***Sample***
***Return***

**Sample Return is a**
- Subscale demo of human Earth return capability
- 	•	Mars Ascent
- 	•	Rendezvous
- 	•	Earth Return / Entry

***Deep Drill***

***Future***
***Science***
***Missions***

**Demo**

## Testbed Program Planning (as for Pathways)
	•	Mission/Systems Trades
	•	Preliminary Mission Costs
•	System Studies (interaction with Human Mission Architectures)
	•	Pin-Point Landing (2003)
	•	Increased Surface Mass (2004)
	•	Deeper Subsurface Access (2005)
	•	ISRU (2004)
•	Initiate a 2011 Testbed Mission Pre-Project
•	Appropriate External Advisory Groups
	•	MEPAG Goal IV Subgroup (active this summer)
•	Appropriate Partnerships (per Sample Return)
		•	NASA Centers
		•	Industry
		•	Academia

- 	•	Mission/Systems Trades
- 	•	Preliminary Mission Costs
**•****	****System Studies (interaction with Human Mission Architectures)**
- 	•	Pin-Point Landing (2003)
- 	•	Increased Surface Mass (2004)
- 	•	Deeper Subsurface Access (2005)
- 	•	ISRU (2004)
- •	**Initiate a 2011 Testbed Mission Pre-Project**
- •	**Appropriate External Advisory Groups**
- 	•	MEPAG Goal IV Subgroup (active this summer)
- •	**Appropriate Partnerships (per Sample Return)**
**	****	**•	NASA Centers
- 		•	Industry
- 		•	Academia

**Next Steps**