# Presentation: 049584

##  Neutron Physics

- Physics Department
- Indiana University
- NPSS, Bar Harbor

-  Neutron Physics

- 5 lectures:
- 1. Physics/Technology of Cold and Ultracold Neutrons
- 2. Electroweak Standard Model Tests [neutron beta decay]
- 3. Nuclear physics/QCD [weak interaction between nucleons]
- 4. Physics Beyond the Standard Model [EDM/T violation, B]
- 5. Other interesting stuff that neutrons can do [NNN interaction, searches for extra dimensions,...]

##  Other Interesting Physics

- 1. Neutron Gravitational Bound States
- 2. Precision Few-Nucleon Physics: n-A scattering lengths
- 3. T violation in Polarized Neutron/Polarized Target Transmission
- 4. Bell’s Inequalities and Entangled QM States
- Thanks for slides to: Hartmut Abele (Heidelberg), Valery Nezvishevsky (ILL), Muhammad Arif (NIST), Tim Black (UNC/Wilmington), Yuji Hasegawa (Atominstitut, Wein)

##           Classical and QM Point of View

## Neutron Probability Distributions Above the Mirror

## Experimental Apparatus

## Observation of neutron gravitational quantum states

## Comparison to Theory

## Large extra dimensions?

**Neutron, Newtonian**
**Non-Newtonian Interaction**
**Neutron, Non-Newtonian**
**Ratio**
**TeV scale Quantum Gravity**:

- g = 9.85 ± 0.7 m/s2

## Previous Limits

## Limits for alpha and lambda

- H. A. et al., Lecture Notes in Physics, Springer, 2003

## Potential Applications in fundamental physics

**V.V.Nesvizhevsky**

-  Search for extra fundamental forces at short distances of 1 nm - 10 m
- Verification of electrical neutrality of neutrons

- Perturbation frequency, Hz

- Transition probability
- induced by
- vibrating mass

**Quantum trap**

**Resonance transitions**

**Potential Applications in fundamental physics**

## Neutron Interferometer and Optics Facility (NIOF) at NIST

## How a neutron interferometer works

## Coherent Neutron scattering lengths 

- Coherent Neutron scattering lengths

- Two n-A scattering lengths b for I1/2
- Coherent scattering amplitude bcoh=sum over those amplitudes which do not change the QM state of the target
- Phase shift proportional to bcoh

## D2 scattering length measurement

- D2 scattering length measurement

*b**nd *= (6*.*6727 *± *0*.*0045) fm

- Theoretical calculations of the coherent scattering length compared with the experimental value. The central dark band is the 1*** *confidence band and the lighter band is the 2*** *confidence band. Only 2 of the theories fall within 2**.

- Precision measurements in 3-body systems can see effects
- of nuclear 3-body forces. No one knows what the nuclear 3-body
- force should look like.

## Measurement of the n-3He coherent scattering length

| Parameter | Value V | Relative V / V |
| --- | --- | --- |
| nD | 2.69 rad | 6.6  10-4 |
| cell | -1.379 rad | 1.45  10-3 |
|  | 0.271207 nm | 2.0  10-5 |
| Dcell | 1.0016 cm | 1.0  10-4 |
| T | 23.237 °C | 2.3  10-4 |
| P | 3.380  105 Pa | 1.0  10-4 |
| N | 8.250  1019 cm-3  | 3.5  10-4 |

- P. R. Huffman, D. L. Jacobson, K. Schoen, M. Arif, T. C. Black, W. M. Snow, and S. A. Werner,  *A precision neutron interferometric measurement of the n-**3**He coherent neutron scattering length *submitted to **Phys. Rev. C.**

## Slide 17

## T-violation experiments in Polarized Neutron Transmissionthrough Polarized Targets 

*H*0

**nuclear**
** ****spin*****, I***

***s*****n**

******/2 flip**

**or**
**Meissner**
**sheet**

**n**

***k*****n**

**T-odd correlation in total cross section: (*****k*****n*********I*****)***** *****· *****s*****n**

**n**
**analyzer**

**n**
**polarizer**

## first step for T-violation experiment measurement of Xe pseudomagnetism

## Two-particle vs. two-space entanglement

**==>>  **_**(Non-)Contextuality**_** **
- (In)Dependent Results for commuting Observables

## Schematic view of the experiment

## Top View

## Manipulation of two-subspaces

- (a) Path				       (b) Spin

## Oscillations with various spin-analyses

## Violation of the Bell-like inequality

- Cf. Max. violaion: S’=2.81>2

- confidence: 99.6%