# Presentation: 579605

## Proton Driver Machine Overview & Main Linac 

**G. William Foster**
**March 15 , 2005**

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## Outline

**Introduction**
**Main Parameters **
**Technical Subsystems**
**Conclusions**

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## The Physics Case

**Has been extensively developed and reviewed both inside and outside of Fermilab**
- APS Neutrino Study
- Fermilab Proton Driver “CD-0” Physics Study
- Numerous Workshops and Conferences
**This is a Technical Review of the 8 GeV SCRF Linac Proton Driver**

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## The Concept

**Single Stage H- Injector Linac that Replaces both the 8 GeV Booster Synchrotron and its Injector Linac.**
**Copy SNS & RIA designs below ~ 1 GeV**
- Reduced duty factor allows some cost optimizations
**Copy the TESLA  design from  1-8 GeV**
- Shared development program with ILC and Euro-FEL
***2 MW Super-Beams in Fermi Main Injector***

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

##          Primary Parameter List (for reference)

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- March 15-17, 2005

##         Linac Segment Details  (for reference)

**Parameter List gives subsystem details for **_**technically feasible baseline**_** **
_**[http://tdserver1.fnal.gov/8gevlinacPapers/ParameterList2005/CD0_Parameter_List_Current_Version.pdf](http://tdserver1.fnal.gov/8gevlinacPapers/ParameterList2005/CD0_Parameter_List_Current_Version.pdf)**_

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## Motivations for the Linac Proton Driver

**Protons on Target for Neutrino Program**
- 2 MW at 30-120 GeV from the Main Injector
- 0.5 - 2 MW at 8 GeV directly from the Linac
- Clear path for further MI upgrades > 2 MW
**Synergy with International Linear Collider**
*Exactly* the same technology for E ~ 1.5  8 GeV
- 1.5% Scale Demonstration Project & U.S. Cost Basis
- Seed Project for U.S. Industrialization of SCRF

- Linac
- Provides
- All Three

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- March 15-17, 2005

## The Baseline Mission:8 GeV H- Injection and Super Beams in the Main Injector

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- March 15-17, 2005

## 120 GeV Main Injector Cycle with 8 GeV Synchrotron

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- March 15-17, 2005

## 120 GeV Main Injector Cycle with 8 GeV Linac

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- March 15-17, 2005

## Linac Allows Reduced MI Beam Energy without Compromising Beam Power

**MI cycles to 40 GeV at 2Hz, **
**Retains 2 MW MI beam power**

- # neutrino evts.         ~ same vs. E
- Reduces tail at higher neutrino energies.
*Permits Flexible Neutrino Program*

- 2 MW   @40 GeV
- NOT  POSSIBLE
- FOR SYNCHROTRON

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- March 15-17, 2005

## TESLA LINAC

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- Modulator

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- Modulator

- 36 Cavites / Klystron

**TESLA LINAC**

*8 Klystrons*
*288 Cavities in 36 Cryomodules *

- 1300 MHz  β=1

**β****<1**** TESLA LINAC**

*2 Klystrons*
*96 Elliptical Cavities*
*12 Cryomodules** *

- 1300 MHz     0.1-1.2 GeV

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- Modulator

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- Modulator

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- Modulator

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- Modulator

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- Modulator

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- Modulator

- 10 MW
- TESLA
- Multi-Beam
- Klystrons

- 48 Cavites / Klystron

- β=.81

- Modulator

- β=.81

- β=.81

- β=.81

- β=.81

- β=.81

- 8 Cavites / Cryomodule

**0.5 MW Initial **
**8 GeV Linac**

- 11  Klystrons  (2 types)
- 449 Cavities
- 51  Cryomodules

**“****PULSED RIA”**
- Front End Linac
- 325 MHz
- 0-110 MeV

- H-

- RFQ

- MEBT

- RTSR

- SSR

- DSR

- Single
- 3 MW
- JPARC
- Klystron

- Multi-Cavity Fanout at 10 - 50 kW/cavity
- Phase and Amplitude Control w/ Ferrite Tuners

- DSR

- Modulator

**10 MW**
**TESLA**
**Klystrons**

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- March 15-17, 2005

## The Building Block of the 8 GeV Linac

** ... ****is the **_**TESLA RF Station**_**:**
**36  SCRF CAVITIES**
** ****~ 4 Cryomodules**
**  ****1  Klystron**
**  ****1  Modulator **
***~***_***1 GeV of Beam Energy***_
***Extending this technology to Proton Linacs is the Key to the Proton Driver.***

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

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- March 15-17, 2005

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## Two Design Points for 8 GeV Linac

_**Initial:**_**  0.5 MW Linac Beam Power   ****(BASELINE)**
- 8.3 mA  x 3 msec  x 2.5 Hz  x 8 GeV = 0.5 MW
*Twelve Klystrons Required           **	*
_**Ultimate:**_**  2 MW Linac Beam Power**
- 25 mA  x 1 msec  x 10 Hz  x 8 GeV = 2.0 MW
*33 Klystrons Required*
_***Either Option Supports***_***: ***
***1.5E14  x 0.7 Hz  x 120 GeV ***
***= ******2 MW  Beam Power from Fermilab Main Injector***

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- March 15-17, 2005

## TESLA LINAC

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

**TESLA LINAC**

*8 Klystrons*
*288 Cavities in 36 Cryomodules *

- 1300 MHz  β=1

**β****<1**** TESLA LINAC**

*2 Klystrons*
*96 Elliptical Cavities*
*12 Cryomodules** *

- 1300 MHz     0.1-1.2 GeV

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

**10 MW**
**TESLA**
**Klystrons**

- 48 Cavites / Klystron

- β=.81

- β=.81

- β=.81

- β=.81

- β=.81

- β=.81

- 8 Cavites / Cryomodule

**“****PULSED RIA”**
- Front End Linac
- 325 MHz
- 0-110 MeV

- H-

- RFQ

- MEBT

- RTSR

- SSR

- DSR

- 3 MW
- JPARC
- Klystron

- Multi-Cavity Fanout at 10 - 50 kW/cavity
- Phase and Amplitude Control w/ Ferrite Tuners

- DSR

- β=.47

- β=.47

- β=.61

- β=.61

- β=.61

- β=.61

*or... 325 MHz Spoke Resonators** *

- β=1

- β=1

**10 MW**
**TESLA**
**Klystrons**

- 16 Cavites
- / Klystron

- Modulator

*6 Klystrons*
*96 Elliptical Cavities*
*12 Cryomodules** *

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## Initial  Ultimate Upgrade Equipment

**Initial 0.5 MW Gallery is nearly empty**
- One Klystron every 180 feet

**Ultimate 2 MW Gallery is comfortable**
- One Klystron every 60 feet

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## Main Parameter Decisions

**Main Injector Beam:  (1.5 E14, 1.5 sec, 2 MW)**
**Pulse Parameters:  ( 8 mA  x  3 msec  x  2.5 Hz)**
- 	*Ultimate Upgrade:    (25 mA   x   1 msec   x  10 Hz)*
**Operating Frequency:  (1300 MHz / 325 MHz)**
**Copper – to – SCRF transition:  (15 MeV)**
**Spokes–to–Elliptical transition: (110 - 400 MeV)**
**Design Margins on 8 GeV H- Transport**

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## 1.  Main Injector Beam

**Main Injector Proton Load**
- 1.5E14   (25 uC)     (same as SNS)
- 2.3 Amps circulating current
- 5x Main Injector Design
**Main Injector Cycle Time = 1.5 Seconds**
- No upgrade to MI Ramp Rate assumed (yet)
- Linac Easily Supports Faster MI Cycles in Future
_**STRATEGY:**_
**Reach 2 MW in MI by 5x increase of Beam current,**
**Upgrades past 2 MW possible by increasing cycle rate**
_***Fast injection from Linac makes this possible***__* *_

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## 2.  Linac Pulse Parameters

_**Comparison with Other SRF Linacs**_

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- March 15-17, 2005

## 3. Linac Operating Frequencies

**Following the selection of the Cold SCRF Option for the ILC,**
**We have chosen TESLA/XFEL Compatible Frequencies:**
**1300 MHz** Main Linac  (= ILC / TESLA / XFEL)
**325 MHz** (=1300MHz/4)   Front-End Linac (= JPARC)      ***(a  gift ! )***
**Valuable assets at these frequencies:**
- SRF Cavities
- RF Couplers
- Cryomodule Designs
- Klystrons  (multi-year development)
- Front-End Linac Designs (325 MHz)
- Collaborators (e.g. ILC, Euro-XFEL, JPARC...)

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- March 15-17, 2005

## 4. Copper-to-SCRF Transition

**We have chosen 15 MeV (RFQ + warm TSRs.)**
- Much lower than SNS ( ~ 186 MeV)
- Allows Single Klystron to drive linac up to 110 MeV
- Leverages uses of Fast Phase Shifters to produce many channels of RF from a single Klystron
**Previous Design Study assumed 85 MeV DTL**
- Conventional Solution, still valid
- Modified Commercial Product at 325 MHz
- Required 7 Klystrons,  $30M + contingency etc.

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## 325 MHzFront-EndLinac

- 325 MHzFront-EndLinac

- 325 MHz Klystron – Toshiba E3740A  (JPARC)

- 115kV Pulse Transformer

**Modulator**
- Capacitor / Switch / Bouncer

- Charging
- Supply

- RFQ

- MEBT

- SCRF Spoke
- Resonator
- Cryomodules

- RF
- Distribution
- Waveguide

- Ferrite
- Tuners

- Single Klystron
- Feeds SCRF Linac
- to E > 100 MeV

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## 5. Spokes-to-Elliptical Transition

**Preserving two technical options (110-400 MeV):**
- 325 MHz triple-spoke Resonators     **(BASELINE)**
- 1300 MHz Elliptical Cavities
**The tradeoffs have been extensively discussed     for the Rare Isotope Accelerator (RIA).**
**Our Decision Will be based on:**
- Accelerator Physics
- Cost
- Collaboration

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## TESLA LINAC

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- Modulator

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- Modulator

- 10 MW
- TESLA
- Klystrons

- 36 Cavites / Klystron

**TESLA LINAC**

*8 Klystrons*
*288 Cavities in 36 Cryomodules *

- 1300 MHz  β=1

**β****<1**** TESLA LINAC**

*2 Klystrons*
*96 Elliptical Cavities*
*12 Cryomodules** *

- 1300 MHz     0.35-1.2 GeV

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- Modulator

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- Modulator

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- Modulator

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- Modulator

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- Modulator

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- Modulator

- 10 MW
- TESLA
- Multi-Beam
- Klystrons

- 48 Cavites / Klystron

- β=.81

- Modulator

- β=.81

- β=.81

- β=.81

- β=.81

- β=.81

- 8 Cavites / Cryomodule

**0.5 MW Initial **
**8 GeV Linac**

- 11  Klystrons  (2 types)
- 449 Cavities
- 51  Cryomodules

**“****PULSED RIA”**
- Front End Linac
- 325 MHz
- 0-350 MeV

- H-

- RFQ

- MEBT

- RTSR

- SSR

- DSR

- 3 MW
- JPARC
- Klystrons

- Multi-Cavity Fanout at 10 - 50 kW/cavity
- Phase and Amplitude Control w/ Ferrite Tuners

- DSR

- Modulator

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## TESLA LINAC

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- Modulator

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- Modulator

- 10 MW
- TESLA
- Klystrons

- 36 Cavites / Klystron

**TESLA LINAC**

*8 Klystrons*
*288 Cavities in 36 Cryomodules *

- 1300 MHz  β=1

**β****<1**** TESLA LINAC**

*2 Klystrons*
*96 Elliptical Cavities*
*12 Cryomodules** *

- 1300 MHz     0.1-1.2 GeV

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- Modulator

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- Modulator

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- Modulator

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- Modulator

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- Modulator

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- β=1

- Modulator

- 10 MW
- TESLA
- Multi-Beam
- Klystrons

- 48 Cavites / Klystron

- β=.81

- Modulator

- β=.81

- β=.81

- β=.81

- β=.81

- β=.81

- 8 Cavites / Cryomodule

**0.5 MW Initial **
**8 GeV Linac**

- 11  Klystrons  (2 types)
- 449 Cavities
- 51  Cryomodules

**“****PULSED RIA”**
- Front End Linac
- 325 MHz
- 0-110 MeV

- H-

- RFQ

- MEBT

- RTSR

- SSR

- DSR

- 3 MW
- JPARC
- Klystron

- Multi-Cavity Fanout at 10 - 50 kW/cavity
- Phase and Amplitude Control w/ Ferrite Tuners

- DSR

- Modulator

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## 6.  Design Margin on 8 GeV H- Transport

**8 GeV H- Transport is new to accelerators**
**Issues:**
- Magnetic Stripping
- Blackbody Stripping
- Foil Lifetime
- Injection losses
**Mini-Workshop Dec 9-10, 2004**
**	****Conclusion: **_**no problems with baseline design**_
- _[http://www-](http://www-bd.fnal.gov/pdriver/H-workshop/hminus.html)__[bd.fnal.gov/pdriver/H-workshop/hminus.html](http://www-bd.fnal.gov/pdriver/H-workshop/hminus.html)_

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## Safety Margin on H- Magnetic Stripping

**Stripping Probability 1E-9/m at         500 Gauss, 8 GeV**
**Beam Line Should Operate Acceptably at 9-10 GeV**

- One milliwatt/m of Beam Loss
- per Megawatt of Beam Power

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## Accelerator Physics

**We are approaching an end-to-end simulation of the exact linac hardware we plan to build**
- Cryomodule slot lengths, magnet & cavity types,...
- Based on Trace-3d and ANL TRACK codes so far
**Still to come:**
- Cross-checking codes (already done for RIA)
- Error Monte Carlos for Assembly Tolerances
**Evaluation of Non-baseline Options: **
- Elliptical cavity option 100-400 MeV
- Chopping vs. Adiabatic capture in Main Injector

- Petr
- Ostroumov’s
- Talk

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## Civil Construction – Siting Options

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## 8 GeV Civil Construction

- Dixon
- Bogert’s
- Talk

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## Gallery & Tunnel Cross Sections

**Two-Tunnel Layout**
**Surface Klystron Gallery**

- Main Injector
- Depth &
- Shielding

**All **
**Floors**
**in plane **
**of Main **
**Injector**

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- March 15-17, 2005

## Beamline Tunnel Layout

**15’x11’**
**One foot taller and   one   foot   wider   than   SNS**

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- March 15-17, 2005

## Civil Construction vs. Main Injector

**Scope of Civil Construction is comparable to, or smaller than,  the Main Injector project.**

**High-Level Comparison:**

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- March 15-17, 2005

## MAIN LINACTechnical Subsystems

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- March 15-17, 2005

## Main Linac Technical Subsystems

**Much of the Technical Complexity is in the Front End**
- Copy Existing Designs Wherever Possible
- Start the Front End Development Early *(Now!)*
- Use this beam test at SMTF to drive demonstration of phase shifters with proton beams
**Most of the Cost is in the beta=1 Main Linac**
- Collaborate with the Euro-FEL and the ILC
- Collaborate to Gain In-House SRF Experience ASAP
- Shared Interest with ILC in Cost Reduction

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## Slide 46

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- March 15-17, 2005

## 325 MHz RF System

- M

- Pulse Transformer& Oil Tank

- IGBT Switch & Bouncer

- CAP
- BANK

- 10 kV

- 110 kV

- Charging
- Supply
- 300kW

**MODULATOR:**  FNAL/TTF Reconfigurable for 1,2 or 3 msec beam pulse

**Single**
**JPARC **
**Klystron**
**325MHz**
**3 MW**

- WR2300 Distribution Waveguide

- TOSHIBA  E3740A

**I**
**Q**
**M**

- E

**I**
**Q**
**M**

- B

**I**
**Q**
**M**

- T

**I**
**Q**
**M**

- R F Q

**I**
**Q**
**M**

- Cables to
-  Tunnel

- Fast Ferrite
- Isolated I/Q Modulators

- RF Couplers

- S

**I**
**Q**
**M**

- S

**I**
**Q**
**M**

- R

**I**
**Q**
**M**

- S

**I**
**Q**
**M**

- S

**I**
**Q**
**M**

- R

**I**
**Q**
**M**

**400kW**

**20 kW**

- D

**I**
**Q**
**M**

- S

**I**
**Q**
**M**

- R

**I**
**Q**
**M**

- D

**I**
**Q**
**M**

- S

**I**
**Q**
**M**

- R

**I**
**Q**
**M**

**120 kW**

**10kV**

**H-**

- Medium Energy
- Beam Transport
- Copper Cavities

**Radio Frequency**
**Quadrupole**

**Cryomodule #1              Single-Spoke**
**Resonators**

**Cryomodule #2 Double-Spoke**
**Resonators**

**20 kW**

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## 325 MHzFront-EndLinac

- 325 MHzFront-EndLinac

- 325 MHz Klystron – Toshiba E3740A  (JPARC)

- 115kV Pulse Transformer

**Modulator**
- Capacitor / Switch / Bouncer

- Charging
- Supply

- RFQ

- MEBT

- SCRF Spoke
- Resonator
- Cryomodules

- RF
- Distribution
- Waveguide

- Ferrite
- Tuners

- Single Klystron
- Feeds SCRF Linac
- to E > 100 MeV

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## 325 MHz Spoke Resonators

**Well Developed Technology for RIA, APT,...**
**Simulations indicate excellent beam dynamics**
**Runs Pool-Boiling at 4.5K – Simple Cryosystem**
**R&D Demonstration (SMTF):  **
**	******** ****beam properties with pulsed operation.**

- Ken
- Shepard’s
- Talk

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## 1300 MHz Elliptical Cavites

**2 types in baseline:**
**	****β****=1      TESLA ****β****=0.81 ~ “SNS” **
**2 more types if Elliptical option taken:****       ****β****=0.61   ~ SNS ****β****=0.47   ~ RIA**

- Helen
- Edwards’
- Talk

- Elliptical
- Option

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## Beta<1 cavities are frequency scaled from             805 MHz designs for SNS/JLAB and RIA/MSU/JLAB

- 1300 MHz Elliptical Cavites

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## 1300 MHz Cryomodules

- TESLA (TTF3)

- Giorgio
- Apolinari’s
- Talk

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## RF Power Couplers – 1300 MHz

**RF Power Required for “Initial” Scenario is met by TESLA-500 Couplers**
**“****Ultimate” scenario has same specs as TESLA-800 RF Power couplers**

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## Klystrons

**“****Catalog Items” at selected frequencies**
**1300 MHz – Tesla MBK **
**325 MHz – Toshiba has delivered 17 for KEK**
**4.5 msec pulse width needed for Initial Scenario**
- Specified but not factory tested by the manufacturer
- Necessary for “Initial” scenario
- Motivation for building 4 msec Modulator ASAP

- Al
- Moretti’s
- Talk

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## 8 GeV Linac Klystrons – 2 Types

- Toshiba E3740A
- 325 MHz    3 MW
**(17 Delivered for JPARC )**

- Thales TH1801
- 1300 MHz
- 10 MW
- 3 Delivered,
- 8 More Ordered

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## Modulators for Klystrons

**Biggest single component in RF costs**
**Pfeffer, Wolff, Jensen & Co. (FNAL AD) have been making TESLA spec modulators for years**
**FNAL Bouncer design in service at TTF since 1994**

- Dan
- Wolff’s
- Talk

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## Reconfigurable Klystron Modulators

- Pulse Transformer& Oil Tank

- IGBT Switch & Bouncer

- CAP
- BANK

- 10 kV

- 115 kV

- Charging
- Supply
- 300kW

**4.5 msec**
**x 2.5 Hz**

**Klystron**
- 1300 MHz TESLA MBK
- or 325MHz JPARC

**10kV**

- Pulse Transformer& Oil Tank

**IGBT**
**Switch **
**&**
** ****Bouncer**

- CAP
- BANK

- 10 kV

- 115 kV

- Charging
- Supply
- 300kW

**Klystron**
- 1300 MHz TESLA MBK
- or 325MHz JPARC

**10kV**

- Pulse Transformer& Oil Tank

**IGBT Switch **
**&  Bouncer**

- CAP BANK

- 10 kV

- 115 kV

- Charging
- Supply
- 300kW

**Klystron**
- 1300 MHz TESLA MBK
- or 325MHz JPARC

**10kV**

**3 msec**
**x 5 Hz**

**1.5 msec**
**x 10 Hz**

- Reconfigure   & add new modulators for 3, 2, or 1 msec beam pulse widths for upgrade scenarios

- Modulators can be reconfigured & parts re-used for RF power upgrade scenarios

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## Fast Ferrite Phase Shifter R&D

**Provides fast, flexible drive to individual cavites                                of a proton linac,  when one is using a                            **** ****TESLA-style RF fanout.****  *****(1 klystron feeds 36 cavities) ***
**Also needed if Linac alternates between e and P.**
**This R&D was started by SNS but dropped due to lack of time.  They went to one-klystron-per-cavity which cost them a lot of money ($20M - $60M / GeV).**
*Making this technology work is important to the financial feasibility of the 8 GeV Linac.*

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## Cost Driver: Klystrons per GeV

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## RF Fan-out for 8 GeV Linac

- See Al
- Moretti’s
- Talk

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## RF Fanout at Each Cavity

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## ELECTRONICALLY ADJUSTABLEE-H TUNER  (1300 MHz Waveguide)

- FERRITE LOADED SHORTED STUBS
- CHANGE ELECTRICAL LENGTH DEPENDING ON DC MAGNETIC BIAS.

***TWO COILS***  PROVIDE INDEPENDENT
***PHASE AND AMPLITUDE *** CONTROL OF CAVITIES

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## Advanced RF Distribution

- Advanced RF Distribution

- DIRECTIONAL
-  COUPLER
- (POWER SPLIT)

- MAGIC TEE
- AND CAVITY RF
- POWER COUPLER

- CIRCULATOR
- AND LOAD

- COAXIAL
- FERRITE STUB
- TUNER AND
- WAVEGUIDE
- TRANSITION

**RF FROM**
**KLYSTRON**

-  E

- /

- YET!

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## 3 Types of Fast-Ferrite Tuners

**Waveguide Style  (prototyped in house)**
**Coaxial Style (prototyped in-house) **
**Strip Line Style (commercial procurement via AFT)**
**Because of this device’s importance to the PD,                  all three are being pursued in parallel.**
**At present, it appears that all 3 approaches will lead to workable full-spec devices.**

- Iouri
- Terechkine’s
- Talk

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## Energy Stability & Resonance Control

**Linac Energy Stability Specification**
- Momentum acceptance at MI injection:   >  +/- 50 MeV
- Transition Crossing:   +/-15 MeV   Driving Spec
**Resonance Control Drives Specs for Fast Ferrite Phase Shifters  (response time)**
- M. Huening’s Simulations   200 usec marginally OK
- Prototypes being designed for 30-50 usec response
- Believe present specs for phase shifters = overkill
**Simulations,  FPGA based LLRF,  & Beams at SMTF will be key**

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## Cryogenics

**Back End: 0.4 ********8 GeV : copy of TESLA**
**Front End: (4.5K pool boiling): copy of RIA**
**Load ~ 5 kW @ 4.5K equiv,  (9kW Installed)**
**Comparable to SNS in scope (& cost)**
** **

- Jay
- Theilacker’s
- Talk

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## 8 GeV Superconducting LinacWith X-Ray FEL, 8 GeV Neutrino & Spallation Sources, LC and Neutrino Factory

**Anti-**
**Proton**

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## The Baseline Mission:8 GeV H- Injection and Super Beams in the Main Injector

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005

## CONCLUSIONS

**The talks you will hear describe a **_**technically solid baseline design**_** for a 2 MW Proton Driver based on an 8 GeV SCRF Proton Linac.**
**This Linac provides a platform for many other possible missions for FNAL’s accelerator complex.**
**Our intent is to convince you that an 8 GeV SCRF linac PD is technically and financially feasible.**
**The development plan we present will provide a rapid and low risk start to the project.**

- Your Name  - Proton Driver Director's Review

- March 15-17, 2005