# Presentation: 281721

## Module 16 Objectives

**1.  Describe the kinds of incident management problems that can occur due to a lack of multiagency coordination.**
**2.  Define essential terms related to multiagency coordination.**
**3.  Identify the levels at which multiagency coordination is commonly accomplished.**
**4.  Identify essential differences between Unified Command, Area command, Multi-agency coordination and Emergency Operations Centers.**

**16-01-I401-SL (1 of 2)**

## Module 16 Objectives(cont.)

***Module 16 Objectives******(cont.)***

**5.  Identify the primary components of a Multi-agency Coordination System.**
**6.  List the responsibilities of a Multi-agency Coordination Group.**
**7.  Identify the major guidelines for establishing and using Multi-agency Coordination Groups and Systems.**
**8.  Identify principal positions within a Multi-agency Coordination System.**

**16-01-I401-SL (2 of 2)**

## Multi-agency Coordination

**Multi-agency Coordination**

**Problems necessitating improved Multi-agency Coordination**
**Examples of Multi-agency Coordination**
**Terminology and relationships**
**Defining an intergovernmental Multi-agency Coordination System**
**Multi-agency Coordination Groups**
**Guidelines for establishing MACS and MAC Groups.**
**Primary function responsibilities associated with MACS**
**Sample position descriptions for a MACS organization**
**A MACS development exercise.**

_**Subjects covered in this module include:**_

**16-02-I401-SL**

## Past Problems Related to Effective Interagency Coordination

**Past Problems Related to Effective Interagency Coordination**

**Different Policies and procedures among agencies.**
**Lack of a common interagency organizational structure.**
**Lack of a process for coordinated and collocated incident planning between agencies.**
**Lack of interagency communications including systems, frequencies, and use agreements.**

**16-03-I401-SL (1 of 2)**

## Past Problems Related to Effective Interagency Coordination(cont.)

**Past Problems Related to Effective Interagency Coordination****(cont.)**

**Differences in terminology for personnel, for assignments, and resources.**
**Lack of valid, timely, and complete information from all available sources.**
**Unfamiliarity with other agency’s methods of operation, skills and qualifications, and resource capabilities.**
**Little previous interagency training.**

**16-03-I401-SL (2 of 2)**

## Problems of Today

**Problems of Today**

**Ever increasing response costs which affect, among other things, the use of mutual aid.**
**High property losses associated with many incidents.**
**Life, health, and safety issues of responders and citizens.**
**Often a deteriorating public view of government effectiveness.**
**Intense media scrutiny.**

**16-04-I401-SL**

**Some of the past....**

## Multi-agency Coordination is Currently Done

**Multi-agency Coordination is Currently Done**

**A.  At the scene of the incident(s).**
**B.  At an Area Command.**
**C.  At a jurisdiction’s Emergency Operations Center (EOC)**
**D.  At an interjurisdictional or regional level.**
**E.  At state and federal levels.**
**F.  Internationally**

**16-05-I401-SL**

## EOC’s are often Used at Various Organizational Levels

**EOC’s are often Used at Various Organizational Levels**

**State**** **
**EOC**

**Dept. **
**EOC**

**Dept. **
**EOC**

**Dept. **
**EOC**

**Dept. **
**EOC**

**Dept.**
**Region 1 **
**EOC**

**Dept.**
**Region 2 **
**EOC**

**Dept.**
**Region 3 **
**EOC**

**16-06-I401-SL**

## Example of the Jurisdictions Involved in Multi-agency Search

**Example of the Jurisdictions Involved in Multi-agency Search**

**A national Park**
**County A**
**County B**
**A coastal area**
**A State Recreation Area**

**16-07-I401-SL**

## Agencies Involved in Wide Area Search

**Agencies Involved in Wide**** Area Search**

**National Park Service**
**County A - Fire and rescue**
**County B - Sheriff’s Search and Rescue**
**Coast Guard**
**State Parks Department**
**State National Guard**
**Volunteer groups**
**Private landowners and/or industry**

**16-08-I401-SL**

## Types of MACS

**Types of MACS**

**MACS could be as simple as a teleconference**
- OR
**It may require an assembled group and associated support systems**

**16-09-I401-SL**

## IncidentCommandSystem

**Incident****Command****System**

**An application of ICS used when there is more than one agency with incident jurisdiction. Agencies work together through their designated Incident Commanders at a single ICP to establish a common set of objectives and strategies, and a single Incident Action Plan.**

**  ****The manage-ment system used to direct all operations at the incident scene. The Incident Commander (IC) is located on scene at an Incident Command Post (ICP) at the incident scene.**

**Established as necessary to provide *****command authority *****and coordination for two or more incidents in close proximity. Area Command works directly with Incident Commanders.  Area Command becomes Unified Area Command when incidents are multijurisdictional.  Area Command may be established at an EOC facility or at some other location other than an incident ICP.**

**An activity or a formal system used to *****coordinate resources and support between agencies or jurisdictions.  *****A MAC Group functions within the MACS.  MACS interact with agencies or jurisdictions not with incidents.  MACS are useful for regional situations.  A MACS can be established at a jurisdictional EOC or at a separate facility.**

**Also called Expanded Dispatch, Emergency Command and Control Centers, etc. EOC’s are used in varying ways at all levels of government and within private industry to provide coordination, direction and control during emergencies. EOC facilities can be used to house Area Command and MACS activities as determined by agency or jurisdiction policy.**

**Unified**
**Command**

**Area Command**
**(Unified Area**
**Command)**

**Multi-agency**
**Coordination**
**Systems (MACS)**

**Emergency**
**Operations**
**Centers (EOCs)**

**16-10-I401-SL**

## A Multi-agency Coordination System (MACS) will Consist of:

**A Multi-agency Coordination System (MACS) will Consist of:**

**Jurisdictional/Agency Representatives**
**Facilities**
**Equipment**
**Procedures**
**Information Systems**
**Communications Systems**

**all integrated into a common system**

**16-11-I401-SL**

## Primary Functions of a MACS

**Primary Functions of a MACS**

**Incident priority determination**
**Critical resource use priorities**
**Communications systems integration**
**Information coordination**
**Intergovernmental decision coordination**

**16-12-I401-SL**

## Establishing a MACS will Depend on:

**Establishing a MACS will ****Depend on:**

**Goals and desires of the agencies**
**Established working relationships**
**Desired benefits**

**16-13-I401-SL**

## MACS Can Include:

**MACS Can Include:**

**Pre-emergency administrative systems and controls**
**Emergency response systems and procedures **
**or simply be:**
**An agreement to operate within an interagency mutual aid agreement**

**16-14-I401-SL**

## MACS Size and Complexity

**MACS Size and Complexity**

**Determined by its mission; may be quite simple or quite complex**

**16-15-I401-SL**

## Activate MACS

**When an emergency situation:**
**Threatens,**
**Significantly impacts the agency, or**
**Involves other agencies**
**When pre-established threat levels are reached.**

**16-16-I401-SL**

## Assist in making key decisions on the use of critical resources.

Establish priorities between incidents.

Coordinating interagency policies and procedures.

**Establish priorities between incidents.**
**Coordinating interagency policies and procedures.**

**16-17-I401-SL**

**Activating a MACS assists agency dispatch centers in the following ways:**

## Guidelines for Activating MACS

**Guidelines for Activating MACS**

**With pre-established guidelines (recommended)**
**Joint powers agreements, memorandums of understanding can be used for areas which experience frequent or reoccurring emergencies.**
**Without pre-established guidelines (not recommended)**
**When resource requests exceed availability.**
**When there is an obvious interagency need to coordinate that is not being met.**

**16-18-I401-SL**

## Who can Activate MACS

**Who can Activate MACS**

**For agencies within a single political subdivision:**
**Jurisdiction Chief Executive Officer**
**For multiple political subdivisions:**
**Consensus of involved jurisdictions**

**16-19-I401-SL**

## MACS Locations

**MACS Locations**

**At a jurisdictional EOC**
**At a regional facility**
**At a state or federal facility**
**Wherever it is needed**

**MACS is a system . . . Not a facility**
**MACS can be set up:**

**16-20-I401-SL**

## MAC Groups are the people that make the MACS function.

Representatives are authorized to commit agency resources and funds.

**Representatives are authorized to commit agency resources and funds.**

**16-21-I401-SL**

**Multi-agency Coordination Groups**

## MAC Group Organization

**MAC Group ****Organization**

**MAC Group**
**Agency**
**Representatives**

**Coordinator**

**Situation**
**Unit**

**Resource**
**Unit**

**Information**
**Unit**

**16-22-I401-SL**

## MACS Information Flow

**MACS Information Flow**

**MAC Group**
**Agency**
**Representatives**

**Agency Policy**
**and Direction**

**Other Data**
**Sources**

**MACS**
**MAC Group**

**Situation & Information**
**Interagency Coordination**
**Incident Priorities**
**Critical Resource Allocation**
**OUTPUTS**
**Assessment**

**16-23-I401-SL**

## MAC Group Established to Aid in Interjurisdiction Coordination

**MAC Group Established to Aid in Interjurisdiction Coordination**

**Regional**
**MAC **
**Group**

**County**
**EOC**

**County**
**EOC**

**County**
**EOC**

**Agencies**

**Incidents**

**MAC Group Coordination & Information Exchange**

**Agency/Jurisdictional Chain of Command**

**16-24-I401-SL**

## Differences Between MAC Groups and Area Command

**Differences Between MAC Groups and Area Command**

**-****Expansion of the off-site coordination and support system.**
**-Members are agency administrators or designees from the agencies involved or heavily committed to the incident**
**-Organization generally consists of the MAC Group (agency administrations), MAC Group Coordinator, and an intelligence and information support staff.**
**-Is the agency administrator or designee.**
**-Allocate and reallocate critical resources through the dispatch system by setting incident priorities.**
**-Make coordinated agency administrator level decisions on issues that affect multiple agencies.**

**-Expansion of the on-site command function of the Incident Command System.**
**-Members are the most highly skilled incident management personnel.**
**-Organization generally consists of an Area Commander, Area Command Planning Chief, and Area Command Logistics Chief.**
**-Is delegated authority for specific incident(s) from the agency administrator.**
**-Assign and reassign critical resources allocated to them by MAC or the normal dispatch system organization.**
**-Ensure that incident objectives and strategies are complementary between Incident Management Teams under their supervision.**

_**MAC Group**_

_**Area Command**_

**16-25-I401-SL**

## Principal MAC Group Functions

**Principal MAC Group Functions**

**Situation assessment**
**Critical resources acquisition and allocation**
**Local, state, and federal disaster coordination**
**Coordination with agency/jurisdiction political establishments**
**Coordination of summary information related to multi-agency/ multi-jurisdiction response efforts**
**Incident priority determination**

**16-26-I401-SL**

## Criteria for Determining Incident Priorities

**Criteria for Determining ****Incident Priorities**

**Life threatening situations**
**Real property threatened**
**High damage potential**
**Incident complexity**
**Environmental impact**
**Other criteria as established by the MAC Group**

**16-27-I401-SL**

## ICS as the EOC or MACS Model

**ICS as the EOC or MACS Model**

**Five primary functions of ICS are appropriate at EOCs.**
**Duplication of terminology could create confusion.**
**	****Example:**
- EOC		Incident Commander
- Incident	Incident Commander
**Best to vary the position titles to avoid confusion.**
**EOC sub-functions should be based on the operational need.**

**16-28-I401-SL**