# Presentation: 542894

## Intelligent Agents- 

- Intelligent Agents-

**What can they do for your building?**

**Osman Ahmed**
**Siemens Building Technologies**
**Osman.ahmed@sbt.siemens.com**

## How can they help us?

**How can they help us?**

**Intelligent Agents- **

## Motivation behind intelligent agents
Intelligent agent definition
Examples of Intelligent agent applications
Potential Solutions for buildings
Conclusions
Questions

**Motivation behind intelligent agents**
**Intelligent agent definition**
**Examples of Intelligent agent applications**
**Potential Solutions for buildings**
**Conclusions**
**Questions**

_**Topics of Discussion**_

## Productivity
Comfort
Luxury

Would not be nice to have a few people work for  me?
People who can take care of my
All billing
Travel arrangement
Purchasing
Etc.

- Definition

- Examples

- Future

**Motivation:**

**Productivity**
**Comfort**
**Luxury**
**Would not be nice to have a few people work for  me?**
**People who can take care of my**
**All billing**
**Travel arrangement**
**Purchasing**
**Etc.**

## Motivation:

- Definition

- Examples

- Future

**Motivation:**

**But instead of using people, it would have been better to use software?**

- Billing
- assistant

**Utility**

**Credit**
**cards**

**Medical**

**Insurance**

**Doctors**

**Hospitals**

**Clinics**

**Master card**

**VISA**

**Light**

**AE**

**Network**

**Gas**

**Financial**
**Inst.**

## What are intelligent agents?

- Definition

- Examples

- Future

**What are intelligent agents?**

- Intelligent agents are a new class of **software agents**
- that act on behalf of a user to: (Reticular 1996)
- Find and filter information
- Negotiate services
- Easily automate complex systems
- Collaborate with other agents

## Intelligent Agent Attributes:

- Motivation

- Definition

- Examples

- Future

- Autonomous

- Monitors
- own
- state

- Communicates
- with
- others

**Agent:**

**Intelligent**
**agent:**

- Uses symbols
- and
- abstractions

- Use of
- domain
- knowledge

- Adaptive
- Goal
- Oriented
- behavior

**Truly**
**Intelligent**
**agent:**

- Learning
- ability

- Tolerant of
- wrong input

- Real-time
- operation

- Communication
- Via
- Natural
- language

## Textbook definition:

- An _***autonomous agents***_ is a system situated within
- and part of an environment that senses that environment
- and acts on it over time, in pursuit of its own agenda and
- so as to effect what it senses in the future.
- 					(Franklin and Graesser 1996)

- An agent, by definition, is:
**Autonomous**
**Reactive**
**Goal-oriented**
**Continuously running**

- Broadly, agents are two types: _***Software (focus of this paper)***__* *_*and*

- Biological (Human, Bacteria) that inspires
- Artificial agent that mimics life (naively)

- Motivation

- Definition

- Examples

- Future

## Are agents and objects same?

- Definition

- Examples

- Future

**Are agents and objects same?**

- Agent is a high level abstraction that focuses on inherent
- aspects of an complex entity.
- Software objects is a implementation method to create an
- agent

- In addition to abstraction, agents usually provide :
- Encapsulation
- Modularity and Reusability
- Concurrency
- Distributed operations

## Interface and collaborative agents

- Agent

- User

- Agent

- Agent

- Agent

- Agent

- Agent

- Agent

**Interface**

**Collaborative**

- Motivation

- Definition

- Examples

- Future

## How to build agents?

- Definition

- Examples

- Future

**How to build agents?**

- Organize project
- Analyze problem domain
- Define agency architecture
- Define agent roles and communication protocol
- Specify agent behavior
- Define user interface and accessories
- Create agent applications
**Algorithm:** Expert systems, rules, Artificial Intelligence
- 		- anything that works
**Language:**
- Any thing- Java class is widely used
**Tools** available

## Four agents system:

- Definition

- Examples

- Future

**Multi-agent system for building control**
**   **(Davidson and Boman 1998)

- Personal comfort agent (PA):
- Contains personal preferences and acts according to personal interests.
- Room agents (RA):
- Sets values of environmental conditions in order maximize energy savings
- Environmental agents (EA):
- Monitoring and control. Interface with sensors and devices
- Badge system agent (BA): Tracks person’s presence

**Four agents system:**

## Multi-agent system for building control

- Definition

- Examples

- Future

**Multi-agent system for building control**
**   **

**PA**

**BA**

- EA

- RA

- RA

**BA**

- EA

- RA

**BA**

- EA

**Local optimization**

## Multi-agent system for building control

- Definition

- Examples

- Future

**Multi-agent system for building control**
**   **

**PA**

**BA**

- EA

**BA**

- EA

**BA**

- EA

**BA**

- EA

- RA

**BA**

- EA

**Global optimization**

## Market based zone control

-    (Cutkosky et. Al. 1993)

- Method:
- Each thermostat receives a steady flow of funds
- Periodically thermostats bid against each other
-  for access to the cooling or heating fluid

- Goal:
- Demand based control and better allocation of plant capacity

- Motivation

- Definition

- Examples

- Future

## Market based zone control

-    (Cutkosky et. Al. 1993)

**Logic:**
- Thermostat offers to sell if it receives more than it needs
- Thermostat offers to buy if it receives less than it needs
- Bid is based on deviation from set point

**Action:**
- A central system aggregates the bids, calculates closing point
-  and total volume
- Provides control signal to dampers based on closing point

- Motivation

- Definition

- Examples

- Future

## Market based zone control

-    (Cutkosky et. Al. 1993)

**Agents:** Each thermostat
**Agents model:** Maintains goal for a specific environment
- 		   based on thermostat setting
**Agents structure:** Identical except parameters
**Population:** 53 offices in 41 zones

- Motivation

- Definition

- Examples

- Future

## Life-cycle building agency

- Definition

- Examples

- Future

**Life-cycle building agency**

- Design
- agent

- Construction
- agent

- Installation
- agent

- Commissioning
- agent

- Operation
- agent

**Owner**

**High-level abstraction**

## Collaborative global performance

**analysis agency**

**Building A**
**agency**

**Building B**
**agency**

**Building C**
**agency**

**AHU**

**AHU**

**Plant**

**Zone**

**1**

**2**

**3**

**4**

**Plant**

**Zone**

**AHU**

**AHU**

**Plant**

**Zone**

**Plant**

**Zone**

**Global**
**agency**

- Motivation

- Definition

- Examples

- Future

## IBSAgency

**Lighting**
**agents**

**Distributed**
**Generation**
**agents**

**Building**
**Automation**
**agents**

**Life**
**Safety**
**agents**

**Security**
**agents**

- IBSAgency

## How can they help us?

**How can they help us?**

**Intelligent Agents- **

## Intelligent Buildings Conference -2010

- Only Buildings Are Invited

## Aloha!

## References:

- Reticular Systems, Inc., 1999. Agent Builder- An integrated Toolkit for Constructing Intelligent Software Agents. Revision 1.3. Feb. 18, 1999.
- 	San Diego, CA
- Franklin, S. and A. Graesser., 1996. Is it an agent or a program.” A taxonomy for autonomous agents”. Proc. 3rd International Workshop Agents
- 	Theories Architectures and Languages. New York. Springer
- Davidsson, P. and M. Boman. 2000. Energy Saving and Value Added Services: Controlling Intelligent Buildings Using a Multi- Agent Systems
- 	Approach. Third International Conference on the Practical Application of Intelligent Agents and Multi- Agent Technology, 2000
- Cutkosky, M.R., R.S.Englemore., R.E.Fikes., T.R.Gruber, M.R. Geneserth., W.S. Mark., J.M. tenenbaum, and J.C. Weber. PACT: An Experiment
- In Integrating Concurrent Engineering Systems. IEEE Computer, January, 1993