# Presentation: 669246

## The Joint Center for Satellite Data Assimilation:  Science Workshop

**The**** Joint Center for Satellite Data Assimilation:  Science Workshop**
**2006**

*         **John Le Marshall  *
*                                           **Director, JCSDA *

**Notes:**
Note prep for 4d-cts data, rad ass for EnKF etc.

## Overview

- Welcome
- The Challenge
- Progress, Major Accomplishments
- Plans/Future Prospects
- Summary

## The Challenge

- Satellite Systems/Global Measurements

**Aqua**

**Terra**

**TRMM**

**SORCE**

**SeaWiFS**

**Aura**

**Meteor/**
**SAGE**

**GRACE**

**ICESat**

**Cloudsat**

**Jason**

**CALIPSO**

**GIFTS**

**TOPEX**

**Landsat**

**NOAA/POES**

**GOES-R**

**WindSAT**

**NPP**

**COSMIC/GPS**

**SSMIS**

**NPOESS**

## Slide 4

## Slide 5

## Slide 6

##  5-Order Magnitude Increase in satellite Data Over 10 Years

** **

- Count (Millions)

- Daily Upper Air Observation Count

- Year

- Satellite Instruments  by Platform

- Count

**NPOESS**
**METEOP**
**NOAA**
**Windsat**
**GOES**
**DMSP**

- 1990

- 2010

- Year

**Notes:**
Currently, we use ~105 observations per day in operational models out of total of more than 106.  There are estimated to be ~1011 observations per day by 2010.  This estimate does NOT include GIFTS or Doppler Wind Lidar.   This volume of data is outside our current capacity and design bracket for most data assimilation systems. 

Last column represents using 10 percent of the data volume (note logarithmic scale).  That is what feasible for scientific and logistical reasons.

Note that the ordinate in the left panel has a logarithmic scale.

## Satellite Data used in NWP

**HIRS sounder radiances**
**AMSU-A sounder radiances**
**AMSU-B sounder radiances**
**GOES sounder radiances**
**GOES, Meteosat, GMS winds**
**GOES precipitation rate**
**SSM/I ****precipitation**** rates**
**TRMM precipitation rates**
**SSM/I ocean surface wind speeds**
**ERS-2 ocean surface wind vectors**

**Quikscat ocean surface wind vectors**
**AVHRR SST**
**AVHRR vegetation fraction**
**AVHRR surface type**
**Multi-satellite snow cover**
**Multi-satellite sea ice**
**SBUV/2 ozone profile and total ozone**
**Altimeter sea level observations (ocean data assimilation)**
**AIRS**
**MODIS Winds**
**...**

- ~35 instruments

## Sounding data used operationally within the 

**Sounding data used operationally within the **
**GMAO/NCEP   Global Forecast System**

| AIRS

HIRS sounder radiances

AMSU-A sounder radiances

MSU
AMSU-B sounder radiances

GOES sounder radiances

SBUV/2 ozone profile and total ozone | On

14 -  on
15 -  off
16 -  off
17 -  on

15 -  on
16 -  on
17 -  off
18 -  on
AQUA
14 -  on
15 -  on
16 -  on
17 -  on

10 -  on
12 -  on

16 -  on
17 -  on |
| --- | --- |

## CURRENT SATELLITE DATA – STATUSACTIVITIES INCLUDE

| AIRS v2.  | Tested – moving to GSI |
| --- | --- |
| SSM/I Radiances  | Testing  with GSI,  prod. now used |
| COSMIC/CHAMP  | Assimilation tests underway |
| SSMIS  | Quality Control and Data Selection being Finalized |
| MODIS Winds v2. (using EE) | Test and Development |
| WINDSAT  | Wind Vector Assimilation - Active |
| AMSR/E – Radiance Assimilation  | Assimilation Active |
| AIRS/MODIS Sounding Channels Assim. | Data in Preparation |
| GOES – SW Winds | To be Tested  |
| GOES Hourly Winds | To be Tested  |
| GOES 11 and 12 Clear Sky Rad. Assim(6.7μm)  | To be Tested  |
| MTSAT 1R Wind Assim. | Test and development  |
| AURA OMI | Assimilation active  |
| TOPEX,JASON1,ERS-2 ENVISAT ALTIMETER | Test and Development, Ops 06 GODAS |
| FY – 2C   | Data in Preparation  |

- ~ 9 new instruments

## AIRS – v1, v2, ...

## MODIS v1, v2, ...

## Windsat – Impact on operations

## Impact Study of AMSR-E radiance data in GSI

- Assimilation experiments
-  Period
-    2-week cycling (Dec. 06, 2005 - Dec. 19, 2005)
-  System
-    Analysis: GSI ( Mar. 2006 release version)
-                 + New MW Ocean emissivity model
-    Forecast: operational forecast model
-      Resolution: T382L64
-  Data set
-    Cntl: same as operational
-    Test: Cntl + AMSR-E radiance data
-  Positive impacts were found in the forecast.

- Anomaly Correlation

## Aura satellite launched in July 2004.
NASA began providing OMI Total Ozone data to NOAA in NRT February 2006 
OMI provides 1000x more obs  than operationally assimilated SBUV/2.
~90,000 OMI obs/orbit vs. 
             ~90 SBUV/2 obs/orbit
OMI profile to become available soon.
same quality and vertical resolution as SBUV/2 but 1000x the number of profiles

JCSDA is assimilating Aura/OMI total ozone into the NCEP GFS in test mode .

Aura/HIRDLS profiles will be available for assimilation tests soon.
Profile is higher quality and higher resolution than SBUV/2

**Aura satellite launched in July 2004.**
**NASA began providing OMI Total Ozone data to NOAA in NRT February 2006 **
**OMI provides 1000x more obs  than operationally assimilated SBUV/2.**
**~90,000 OMI obs/orbit vs. **
**             ****~90 SBUV/2 obs/orbit**
**OMI profile to become available soon.**
**same quality and vertical resolution as SBUV/2 but 1000x the number of profiles**
_**JCSDA is assimilating Aura/OMI total ozone into the NCEP GFS in test mode .**_
**Aura/HIRDLS profiles will be available for assimilation tests soon.**
**Profile is higher quality and higher resolution than SBUV/2**

## “COSMIC” Preliminary ResultsLydia Cucurull (UCAR), John Derber,Russ Treadon.....

- Research CHAMP observations
- Delivered daily (time delayed)
- Formatted to look like COSMIC obs
- Processed as part of NCEP operations
- Preliminary impact study
- 2 months
- Low resolution (T62, 200 km) system
- Two assimilation methods
- Bending angle
- Refractivity
- Encouraging results
- Improved 200 hPa Temperature
- Other verifications mixed
- Requires further, ongoing investigation

- 200 hPa Temperature

- Waves 1-3

- Waves 4-9

- AC

- RMS error

- Bias

- Refr.

- Bnd Ang.

## GOES – R  OSSE

- Test of channel frequency selection for HES
- Using AIRS hyperspectral radiances

## JCSDA Road Map (2002 - 2010)

**Improved JCSDA data assimilation science**

**2002**

**2004**

**2007**

**2008**

**2009    **

**2005**

**OK**

**Required**

**2003**

**Advanced JCSDA community-based radiative transfer model,**
**Advanced data thinning techniques **

**Science Advance**

***By 2010, a numerical weather prediction community will be empowered to effectively assimilate  increasing amounts of advanced satellite observations***

**2010    **

**AMSU, HIRS, SSM/I, Quikscat,**
**AVHRR, TMI, GOES assimilated**

**AIRS,MODIS,ATMS, CrIS, VIIRS,  IASI, SSM/IS, AMSR, WINDSAT, GPS ,more products  assimilated**

**Pre-JCSDA data assimilation science **

- Radiative transfer model, OPTRAN, ocean microwave emissivity, microwave land emissivity model, and GFS data assimilation system were developed

- The radiances of satellite sounding channels were assimilated into EMC global model under only clear atmospheric conditions. Some satellite surface  products (SST, GVI and snow cover, wind) were used in EMC  models

- A beta version of JCSDA community-based radiative transfer model (CRTM) transfer model will be developed, including non-raining clouds, snow and sea ice surface conditions

- The radiances from advanced sounders will be used. Cloudy radiances will be tested under rain-free atmospheres, more products (ozone, wv AMVs)

**NPOESS sensors ( CMIS, ATMS...)**
** ****GIFTS, GOES-R**

- The CRTM include cloud, precipitation, scattering

- The radiances can be assimilated under all conditions with the state-of-the science NWP models

**Resources:**

**3D VAR  -----------------------------------------------------4D VAR**

**2006**

## JCSDA SCIENCE PRIORITIES 

**Science Priority I - Improve Radiative Transfer Models **
***       ******- Atmospheric Radiative Transfer Modeling – The Community Radiative Transfer Model (CRTM)***
***      ******-  Surface Emissivity Modeling***
**Science Priority II - Prepare for Advanced Operational Instruments**
**Science Priority III -Assimilating Observations of Clouds and Precipitation    **
***      ******- Assimilation of Precipitation***
-       - ***Direct Assimilation of Radiances in Cloudy and Precipitation Conditions***
**Science Priority IV - Assimilation of Land Surface Observations from Satellites**
**Science Priority V - Assimilation of Satellite Oceanic Observations**
**Science Priority VI – Assimilation for air quality forecasts**

- Strat. Plan/JTOPS

## Major Accomplishments

- Common assimilation infrastructure at NOAA and NASA
- Community radiative transfer model
- Common NOAA/NASA land data assimilation system
- Interfaces between JCSDA models and external researchers
- Snow/sea ice emissivity model – permits 300% increase in sounding data usage over high latitudes – improved polar forecasts
- MODIS winds, polar regions, - improved forecasts - Implemented
- AIRS radiances assimilated – improved forecasts - Implemented
- Improved physically based SST analysis -  Implemented
- Preparation for advanced satellite data such as METOP (IASI,AMSU,MHS...),   COSMIC GPS, NPP (CrIS, ATMS....), NPOESS, GOES-R data underway.
- Advanced satellite data systems such as DMSP (SSMIS), CHAMP GPS, Windsat being tested for implementation.
- Impact studies of POES AMSU, HIRS, EOS AIRS/MODIS, DMSP SSMIS, Windsat, CHAMP GPS on NWP through EMC parallel experiments active
- Data denial experiments completed for major data base components in support of system optimisation
- OSSE studies completed
- Strategic plans of all Partners include 4D-VAR

## Summary:

_**Summary:**_
**Over the past three years the JCSDA has been developing  a balanced program to support operational data assimilation in NASA, NOAA and the DoD.**
**Emphasis on the science priority areas has facilitated this balance.**
**The current and future satellite programs have been examined to develop a strategy to prepare for efficient implementation of satellite data as it becomes available. This has already resulted in considerably improved data usage.**

## Summary:

_**Summary:**_
**A most important activity for the Center is planning in relation to the form of the next generation assimilation systems to be used by the partners..  Current strategic planning involves the use of the 4D variational approach. **

## Slide 23

## Slide 24