BEE-spoke-data/govdocs1-by-extension huggingface dataset:
# Presentation: 373534

## The Center for the Science and Engineering of Materials, Caltech MRSEC

- Harry A. Atwater **DMR-0520565**
***Elastic Constants and Rheology of Glass Forming Metallic Liquids***

- Graduate students Mary Laura Lind and Gang Duan have combined experimental ultrasonic studies and Molecular Dynamics Simulations (MD) to determine how the high frequency elastic moduli of glass forming metallic liquids depend on temperature as the glass transition is approached.  The experimental work shows that the shear modulus, *G*, of a glass exhibits a slow linear drop with temperature as predicted by the traditional Debye-Gruneisen model of solids while the liquid above the glass transition shows a precipitous drop in *G* associated with the configurational excitation of the liquid “inherent states.”  An example of data on the glass forming alloy Vitreloy 1, are shown in the Figure below. The experimental results confirm earlier observations made by analyzing MD simulations. Combined with a recent Cooperative Shear Model for liquid flow developed in collaboration with the group of Prof. K. Samwer

- (U. of Gottingen, Germany), the data provide direct evidence that flow in the liquid is controlled by energy barriers whose height scales with *G*. This significant finding will be reported in an upcoming issue of Physical Review Letters. The work provides the basic building blocks for a novel theory of liquid flow as well as the flow and fracture properties of metallic glasses.

- The temperature dependence of the “isoconfigurational elastic constants of liquid and glassy Zr46.25Ti8.25Cu7.5Ni10Be27.5 as determined by ultrasonic “pulse-echo” measurements at 25 MHz. The drop of the liquid shear modulus with temperature is attributed to excitation of “inherent state” configurations of the liquid.  The glass shows a weaker linear temperature dependence as expected from the Debye-Gruneisen theory of solids.
# Presentation: 663712

## Children < 6 years with 2+ Immunizations in a Registry, 2002

**Children < 6 years with 2+ Immunizations ****in a Registry, 2002**

***National coverage = 43%***

- 0-33%
- 34-66%
- 67-94%
-  95-100%

- VT    0
- NH   3
- MA   6
- RI   79
- CT  61
- NJ  15
- DE   81
- MD  10
- DC   88

- 98

- 0

- 19

- 50

- 45

- 55

- 99

- 45

- 13

- 47

- 100

- 95

- 65

- 94

- 59

- 43

- 54

- 15

- 6

- 27

- 5

- 80

- 36

- 45

- 65

- 91

- 78

- 51

- 94

- 43

- 78

- 18

- 77

- 28

- 79

- 61

- 27

- 63

- 16

- 53

- 41

- 0

- Source:  Immunization Registry Annual Report, CY2002

**Notes:**
50 states, 6 large cities, and the 8 territories/commonwealths are developing and implementing registries or planning on developing immunization registries in the near future. Of the states in light blue (with white dots), seven (14%) have regional or community registries and six (11%) were planning/piloting a state-wide system (Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, Vermont, New Mexico, and Wyoming). In 2002, 43% of the U.S. children less than 6 years of age had 2 or more immunizations in a state or local immunization registry. 
CDC measures child participation in a registry by the number of children with at least 2 immunizations in a registry because we need to be sure that at least one immunization was reported to the registry by a health provider. Many infants receive their first Hepatitis B vaccination at birth and this information downloads into many registries through an electronic birth certification record and ensures that many children in the registry have at least one immunization recorded.
# Presentation: 727576

## NASA Office of Safety& Mission AssuranceIV&V Cost Estimation – A Joint NASA & US Navy Collaboration to Model & Automate the Process

**Software Assurance Symposium**
**30 July ~ 1 August 2003**
**Prepared by:    Tom  Robinson**
**Research & Engineering Dept.**
**Naval Air Depot Jacksonville, FL**
**RobinsonTE@navair.navy.mil**
- Software Assurance Research Program
- FY-2003

## Initiative Description

- CSIP2003-456

- 30 July ~ 1 August 2003

## Goals / Objectives

**Goals / Objectives**

- CSIP2003-456

- 30 July ~ 1 August 2003

## Possible ICE Tools Relationship

**within a Business Model**

- CSIP2003-456

- 30 July ~ 1 August 2003

## Major Accomplishments

**Major Accomplishments**

- CSIP2003-456

- 30 July ~ 1 August 2003

## IV&V Cost Estimating (ICE)

**Navigator Screen**

- CSIP2003-456

- 30 July ~ 1 August 2003

## Viewing & Adjusting ICE Results

- Save Changes

- CSIP2003-456

- 30 July ~ 1 August 2003

## IV&V Cost Estimating (ICE)

**Tool Walk-Through**

- CSIP2003-456

- 30 July ~ 1 August 2003

## Plans for Fiscal Year - 2004

**Plans for Fiscal Year - 2004**
**... ****Transition!**

- CSIP2003-456

- 30 July ~ 1 August 2003

## The ‘ICE’ Team

- CSIP2003-456

- 30 July ~ 1 August 2003
# Presentation: 808992

## Global Observations of BrO from the Ozone Monitoring InstrumentStatus Update

- Global Observations of BrO from the Ozone Monitoring InstrumentStatus Update

- Thomas P. Kurosu
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
- Cambridge, MA
- Aura Validation Workshop
*Boulder, CO, September 2006*

## Status of Product and Currently Known Issues

-  Provisionally released - public release in October 2006
-  Current version: v0.9.50 (reprocessing is at ~1 July 2006)
-  Older versions: ≤v0.9.46 should not be used since they are wrong  (too low) by a factor of ~2 (hence the reprocessing)
-  Monthly averages comparable to GOME
-  Still some striping, but monthly averages are surprisingly smooth
-  Some correlation with high albedo (clouds; ice)
- Tropospheric BrO
- Bromine explosions on ice shelf – yes
- Bromine release from salt lakes – yes
- Bromine in volcanic plumes – still under investigation

## BrO August 2006 – no cloud screening

- BrO August 2006 – no cloud screening

## BrO August 2006 – cloud fraction ≤20%

- BrO August 2006 – cloud fraction ≤20%

## BrO August 2006 – fitting uncertainties

- BrO August 2006 – fitting uncertainties

## Tropospheric BrO – Salt Lakes: Dead Sea 07/2005

- Tropospheric BrO – Salt Lakes: Dead Sea 07/2005

## Tropospheric BrO – Salt Lakes: Tibet 07+08/2005

- Tropospheric BrO – Salt Lakes: Tibet 07+08/2005

## Tropospheric BrO – Salt Lakes: Bolivia 08/2006

- Tropospheric BrO – Salt Lakes: Bolivia 08/2006

- Cloud Fraction ≤10%

## Tropospheric BrO – Salt Lakes: Bolivia 08/2006

- Tropospheric BrO – Salt Lakes: Bolivia 08/2006

- No Cloud Screening

## BrO Movie: 08/01-10/09/2006 (tracks 9-52 only)

- BrO Movie: 08/01-10/09/2006 (tracks 9-52 only)

## Slide 11
# Presentation: 076841

## Proposal for Continuation of Task Order L-2

- Climate Database Modernization Program
- November 15, 2006
- Task Leader: Sydney Levitus

-        **Ocean Climate Laboratory****National Oceanographic Data Center**

## TITLE: 	Expansion of and improved access to the NODC/WDC Ocean Profile-Plankton                Climate System Database, World Ocean DatabaseTask L-2, “NODC Staff Assistant”  Continuing Proposal       Funding Request: $165KP.I.:   Sydney Levitus, NODC

**FY06 Accomplishments:  *****World Ocean Database 2005***** (WOD05) was published and distributed ****	****containing an additional 900,000 temperature profiles compared to WOD01 ****	****as well as additional data both historic, as well as ****	****modern, for the other ****	****variables in WOD05, *****e.g*****., salinity, oxygen, nutrients, tracers.**
**	****CDMP funding contributed substantially to the comprehensiveness of WOD05    **
**FY07 Scope of Work:****	****Begin work on World Ocean Database 2009 (WOD09)**
**	****1) Digitize and process historical oceanographic data from manuscripts;**
**	****2) Process data sets received in electronic form **
**NOTES: **
** ****Many of the data sets received at NODC/WDC are small. Individually they would not constitute enough work for separate tasks for the CDMP Program. **
** ****Processing of these data sets often require immediate and frequent consultations with NODC oceanographers and other NODC staff in order to be completed successfully with maximum accuracy and minimal delay. This work needs to be done on-site at NODC.**

## Utility of NODC/WDC ocean profile-plankton data as indicated by citations in the scientific literature*

***Based on a search of the ISI *****Scientific Citation Index***** as of February 2006**

## History of the Number of Temperature and Salinity Profiles Available Electronically from NODC:Building Ocean Profile Databases for Climate System Research

## World Ocean Database time series of monthly data download statisticsWOD01 stats  April 2003-May 20, 2006                                                WOD05 stats May 21, 2006-present # of Queries = 37,708                                                                             # of Queries = 4,431 # of Extractions = 8,802                                                                         # of Extractions = 1,261 # of Unique Users= 3,547                                                                      # of Unique Users= 324 Average # of profiles per extraction = 105,067                                    Average # of profiles per extraction = 169,352 Total number of profiles downloaded = 919 million                           Total # of profiles downloaded = 213 million

## WODselect User Statistics: April 2003-April 2006

**# of Queries = 37,708****# of Extractions = 8,802****# of Unique Users= 3,547****Average # of profiles per extraction = 105,067****Total number of profiles downloaded = 919 million**
# Presentation: 709489

## GSA Public Buildings Service

- A SCHEDULES CUSTOMER and
- FSS PARTNER
- Frank Toth

**GSA Public Buildings Service**

## PBS Mission

*   **To Provide A Superior Workplace for Federal Workers and a Best Value Solution for the American Taxpayer*

## PBS Goals

**Asset Management**
- 1700 Owned Buildings (Courthouses,      	Offices, Border Stations, Presidential 	Libraries, White House, etc. )
- 6600 Leased Buildings
- 334 Million Square Feet
- 1600 Cities CONUS

## PBS Goals

**Human Capitol**
**	****   ****7300 PBS  Employees**
**       ****1 Million Federal Clients**

## PBS Goals

**PBS Operations**
**         ****80% Contracted Out**
**      ****$2.5 Billion to Small and Disadvantaged    ****	****    Business**
**      ****Annual Revenue = $6.7 Billion**

## The PBS Customer

**Purchasing Activity (Interior Furnishings, Services, Commodities, Vehicles)**
**Reimbursable Work Authorization Source**

## A FSS and PBS Partnership

**First Line Referral Source**
**Construction Partner for Interior Furnishings**
**Sharing of Gallop Poll Data**

## Vendor PBS Market Strategy

**Federal Procurement Data Center Source List**
**District and Building Managers**
**Leasing Agents**
**FSS Expositions**

## Partner Experiences

**Recommendations for PBS?**

##     FSS/PBS/FTS/Vendor Corporate Partnership Goal

**  ****CUSTOMER  SATISFACTION**
# Presentation: 785285

## VHF Radar Sensor for Measurement of Terrestrial Vegetative BiomassAmerican Electronics, Inc.Vienna, VA

**ACCOMPLISHMENTS**
- Product developed is BioSARTM.
- A pulse-coherent radar system capable of collecting dataat low frequencies in a downward-looking mode.
- The Very High Frequency (VHF) radar signal penetrates the smaller forest canopy components, allowing a scattering measurement directly related to the biometry of the tree boles and large branches.
**COMMERCIALIZATION**
- Department of Defense Legacy program has sponsored follow-on flights of the BioSAR instrument in Panama and Costa Rica.
- Flights were conducted in coordination with other NASA vegetation-measurement instruments on the NASA C-130.
- American Electronics has received $280k in Phase III funding from DoD.

**S****mall**
**B****usiness**
**I****nnovation**
**R****esearch**

- 1995 Phase II; 5/26/98; SS5-012

**GOVERNMENT SCIENCE/APPLICATIONS**
- BioSARTM supports NASA’s Earth Science Enterprise by providing a method of remote measurement of biomass greater than 200 tons/hectare.
- Eighty percent of the Earth’s vegetative biomass resides in forests with high biomass density, and BioSARTM is a low-cost remote sensing instrument that will provide critical biomass measurements.

**Goddard Space Flight Center**

**INNOVATION**

- Points of Contact:
- 	-  NASA - Marc  Imhoff - 301-286-5213
- 	-  American Electronics, Inc. - Lisa May - 703-883-0506
- 	-  email -  ldmay@mnsinc.com

- Innovative airborne radar system for the measurement
- of biomass in dense tropical forests.

***BioSAR******TM***
# Presentation: 158475

## SOS7What will Cray do for Supercomputing in this Decade?

- Asaph Zemach
- Cray Inc

## An Apology

- I am not Burton. Sorry.
- Where is Burton?

## What Have You Done For Me Lately?

- Cray MTA-2
- Accepted by NRL Sept ‘02
- UMA Shared Memory
- Latency Tolerant: 128 contexts in processor.
- Red Storm for Sandia
- Contract signed Oct ‘02
- 10,000 AMD X86-64
- High Speed Network
- Cray X1
- FCS Dec 31, 2002
- Scalable vector MSPs
- NUMA Shared Memory

## Cray Products: The Near Future

**2003**

**X1****12.8 GF****35GB/s/p mem BW****76GB/s/p cache BW**

**End of ‘04**

**X1e****Technology Upgrade****Faster clock****Denser Package****Mix&Match with X1**

**2005+**

**X2****(Blackwidow)****Bigger****Faster****Cheaper**

**2003**

**Red Storm****(Development)**

**End of ‘04**

**Red Storm****(Install)****Catamount LWK****Linux service****AMD 2GHz X86-64**

**2005**

**Red Storm****Product (?)****Linux Service****Compute OS?**

**Synergy?**
**I/O?**

## Cray Products: Not So Near Future

- Shared Memory Locales
- UMA, NUMA
- Heavy Weight Processors
- Multi threading, Vectors, Streams
- PIM (LWP)

**2006(?)**

**2008(?)**

**2010**

**Cascade**

**X2e****BIGGER****FASTER****CHEAPER**

**X2f****BIGGER!!****FASTER!!****CHEAPER!!**

## Cascade Locale

**SW Controlled**
**Data Cache**

**Cascade Locale**

**Heavy Weight Proc**
**Vector  MT Streams**

**Multithreaded**
**PIM DRAM**

**Multithreaded**
**PIM DRAM**

**Multithreaded**
**PIM DRAM**

**Locale**
**Interconnect**

**Router**

**To other Locales**

**Multithreaded**
**PIM DRAM**

**Multithreaded**
**PIM DRAM**

**Multithreaded**
**PIM DRAM**

## Cascade: Lazy Localization

- HWP

- Memory

- Generic Data

- Somewhat
- Localized
- Data

- Highly
- Localized
- Data

**Cascade: Lazy Localization**

- Initially all data is considered generic – equally far from everywhere.
- To improve performance stage generic data near HWP that manipulates it.
- To improve performance even more, partition data between PIMS.
- All data always universally accessible but performance varies.

## Cascade: Software Investigations

- Compiler controlled cache
- Compartmentalized OS-es
- Introspection using PIM
- Relative Debugging
- Abstract locales: virtualize locality management
- What needs to be near what
- What can/should be distributed (& how)

## Cascade People

- Burton Smith
- David Callahan
- Steve Scott
- Cray
- Thomas Sterling
- Larry Bergman
- Hans Zima
- JPL, CalTech

- Jay Brockman
- Peter Kogge
- Notre Dame
- Bill Daly
- Stanford
# Presentation: 222829

## “Uncharted Waters”: The Waterborne Evacuation of Lower Manhattan on September 11th

- By Brandi Lea, Dr. James Kendra, & Dr. Tricia Wachtendorf

## Waterborne Evacuation of Lower Manhattan

- Unplanned
- Spontaneous
- 300,000 – 500,000 people evacuated
- Boatlift of supplies

## Method:

- Qualitative Inductive Method
- 80 participants have been interviewed
- Other interviews from newspapers, magazines, & South Street Seaport museum interviews
- GIS & Social Network

## Findings

- Existing Knowledge
- Harbor Networks
-  Harbor Construction

## Existing Knowledge

- Years working in the harbor
- Apprenticeships
- Coast Guard Licensing

## Harbor Networks

- Previous Relationships
- Effective communication
- Coordination

## 46 USC Sec. 2304

- A master or individual in charge of a vessel shall render assistance to any individual found at sea in danger of being lost, so far as the master or individual in charge can do so without serious danger to the master’s or individual’s vessel or individuals on board.

## Harbor Construction

- City changed harbor
- Closed piers
- No longer a “working” waterfront

## Implications:

- Longstanding relationships are the precondition for an effective evacuation
- ICS tries to simulate these relationships, but can not always do so
- “We didn’t really have time for that.”
- Cities on the waterfront need to remember the maritime community

## Acknowledgements

- Funds for portions of this research were provided by Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake and Engineering Research (MCEER) New Technologies in Emergency Management, No. 00-10-81 and Measure of Resilience No. 99-32-01; the National Science Foundation; the Public Entity Risk Institute No. 2001-70 (Kathleen Tierney, Principal Investigator), National Science Foundation No. 0603561 and 0510188 (James Kendra and Tricia Wachtendorf, Principal Investigators) and the University of Delaware Research Foundation (Tricia Wachtendorf, Principal Investigator). We are grateful to the South Street Seaport Museum (Mr. Jeffrey Remling, Collections Director) for access to interviews with participants in the waterborne operations. Funding to the museum for these interviews was provided by the National Endowment for the Humanities, and the interviews were conducted by David Tarnow. The authors are responsible for the views presented here.
# Presentation: 532053

## Constructing a Model of ppbv of Surface Ozone

- GLOBE Ozone Protocol
- Learning Activity

## Earth’s Atmosphere

## "The Rest" of Earth's Atmosphere

## Look at the NumbersComposition of Earth’s Dry Atmosphere(1976 Standard Atmosphere*)

| Gas | Percentage | Running % |
| --- | --- | --- |
| N2 | 78.084 | 78.084 |
| O2 | 20.948 | 99.032 |
| Ar | 0.934 | 99.966 |
| CO2 | 0.0314* | 99.9974 |
| He,Ne,Kr,Xe | 0.00254 | 99.99994 |

***Look at the Numbers****Composition of Earth’s Dry Atmosphere**(1976 Standard Atmosphere*)*

## Expressing concentration of a gas

- parts per billion volume
- number density

## Let’s look at volume of ozone in this classroom

- Example:
- Ozone (trace gas) is probably ~ 20 ppbv in this room.
-  This means that ~ 20 billionths of the volume of gas in this room is ozone.
- Suppose this room is 6 m wide by 9 m long by 3 m high
- 	V = 6 m x 9 m x 3 m
- 	V = 162 m3 = 162,000,000 cm3 = 162 x 106 cm3
- So what is the volume of ozone in this room?
- (20 billionths)(162 million cm3) = (20 x 10-9)(162 x 106 cm3)
- 				= 3.240 cm3
- 				**~ 3 cm****3 ****ozone in this room**

## How many molecules of gas in 1 cm3?

*From ideal gas law, **in 1 cm**3** of air at 25°C and 1 atm, **there are ****2.5 x 10******19****** ****molecules*
***“******25 billion billion”**** molecules in **1 cm**3*

## Let’s look at number density for ozone

- Example:
- Ozone (trace gas) is probably ~ 20 ppbv in this room
- What is number density of ozone(2.5 x 1019 molecules/cm3)(20 x 10-9)
- 				=50 x 1010 molecules ozone/cm3
- 				=500 x 109 molecules ozone/cm3
- 		or  **500 billion molecules ozone/cm****3**
# Presentation: 219017

## Fast TEAPOT,the first application of the Accelerator Propagator Framework

**Nikolay Malitsky**

## ...

**Composite Tracker**

- PAC Matrix

- TEAPOT Quad

- TEAPOT Dipole

- PAC Matrix

- TIBETAN RF

**Fast TEAPOT**

**TEAPOT**

- (all nonlinear elements)

- (coupling, chromaticity)

- (full actual model)

- TEAPOT Quad

- TEAPOT Drift

- TEAPOT Dipole

- TEAPOT Drift

- TEAPOT RF

- TEAPOT Quad

**Conceptual idea**

- ZLIB Map (FF)

- TEAPOT Drift

- TEAPOT RF

## Chromaticity 

- Dx(T116 + T226)/(2 sin(x))
- Dy(T336 + T446)/(2 sin(y))

_**Equations**_

_**Method**_

- Two Differential Algebra (DA) integrators :
-  Sector Map
-  Quadrupole DA integrator

## Local Sector Map Integrator

_**Drift Equations**_
- x1 = x0 + Lpx0 (1 – pt/), where pt = E/p0
- y1 = y0 + Lpy0 (1 – pt/)

_**Method**_

- 1. Converting pi to  xi’ = pi (1 – pt/)
- 2. Applying a sector matrix

## Results

**Results**

**SNS (q****x**** = 6.3)**

- TEAPOT

- Quad + mat.

- Quad + mat.

- + converter

- TEAPOT

- Quad + mat.

- Quad + mat.

- + converter

**RHIC (q****x**** = 28.22)**

**D****qx**

- -65

**T****116**

**T****226**

**N elements**

- 475

- 330

- -8.85

- 62

- 43

- 428

- 58

- 42

- 209

- 209

- 8.2

- 5.6

- 5835

- 567

- 567

- 82

- 38

- 477

- 331
# Presentation: 102927

## THE GOES N GENERATION SATELLTES

- April 27, 2004
- Peter Woolner,  Mitretek Systems

## WHY GOES N IS CHANGED

- The power flux density for EMWIN on GOES I/M does not comply with ITU requirements
- Sharing a transponder with WEFAX produces intermodulation products that do not comply with ITU requirements
- Therefore EMWIN on GOES N/O/P MUST have lower power and a new frequency

## EMWIN N DESIGN

- Basic rules for EMWIN N
- Use BPSK modulation (satellite standard)
- Require contractor to provide maximum EIRP
- Users must be able to keep existing antenna size
- Additional gain still needed to close link
- Adding Forward Error Correction (FEC) coding is the only practical way to make the link work

## STATUS OF GOES N/O/P

- All hardware has been designed and built
- GOES N is currently in Thermal/Vacuum testing (now in 4th cold cycle)
- GOES O is ready for Thermal/Vacuum testing as soon as N is finished
- GOES N launch is scheduled for 12/1/04
- GOES N check-out period is 6 months

## EMWIN RF PARAMETERS

| Satellite Parameter | GOES I/M | GOES N/O/P |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Transmit Frequency | 1690.725 MHz | 1692.7 MHz |
| Available 3 dB Bandwidth | 1 MHz (share with WEFAX) | 50 kHz |
| Minimum EIRP | 51 dBmi | 44.8 dBmi |
| Modulation Type | DFSK | BPSK |
| FEC Coding | None | Required |

## SATELLITE CONCERNS

- The satellite transmitter is saturated
- The satellite receiver uses gain control
- The bandwidth is limited to 50 kHz
- Therefore the EMWIN signal WILL be distorted to some extent
- Tests are needed to measure degradation
- Actual transmit and receive systems must be used on satellite and ground

## EMWIN TEST RESULTS (1)

- Results for 9.6 kbps, BPSK, Convolutional rate 1⁄2 + Reed-Solomon (255,223) FEC
- Real-time current EMWIN signal was transmitted through the GOES 9 satellite and received using the prototype system with no errors over about 15 minutes
- Measurements made of error rate versus EB/NO

## EMWIN TEST RESULTS (2)

- Minimum levels for acceptable performance, i.e., BER of 10-6 or better:
- Theoretical EB/NO : 2.6 dB
- Measured EB/NO back-to-back: 6.0 dB*
- Measured EB/NO through GOES 9: 8.5 dB*
- Resulting minimum link margin: 4.8 dB
*******THESE PRELIMINARY VALUES ARE CONSIDERED UNCERTAIN BECAUSE ERRORS OCCURRED DURING THE TESTS THAT COULD NOT BE EXPLAINED**** **

## MORE TESTS NEEDED

- GOES 9 BER results were higher than expected and are possibly in error
- Plan EMWIN tests on GOES 11 in June when it is brought out of storage for housekeeping
- Do not need to coordinate with GMS WEFAX so longer test periods will be possible
- High elevation allows use of standard receiver

## GOES N Link Budget
# Presentation: 724063

## New Climate Observations Introduced

- FY2004 Target: 275 new ARGO floats deployed;
- August 2004 Actual:  432 ARGO floats, 593 total ocean observing platforms

- FY2004 Sept 20

**Cumulative observing platforms deployed**

## Reduce the Error in Global Measurements of Sea Surface Temperature

- Long-term Target: Error of 0.2 °C by 2008

- Expanding the in situ network will minimize the satellite bias error, enabling more accurate global sea surface temperature from a combination of satellite and in situ measurements

- Note: this measure is proposed as a new GPRA for FY2006; it is already reported on quarterly

- Satellite bias error: the systematic difference between satellite-derived vs. in situ measurements of sea surface temperature

- FY2004 Sept 20
# Presentation: 675990

## Washington, April 2006. The Case for Peak Oil  R.W. Bentleyc/o Dept. of Cybernetics, University of Reading, UK.Secretary, ASPOAssociation for the Study of Peak Oil & Gas.

## The University of Reading, UK

**‘****Oil Resources Group’**
**Former Postgrad. Research Inst. for Sedimentology**
-    Prof. M.L. Coleman (ex-BP), Prof. B.W. Sellwood.
**Department of Engineering**
-    Dr. J.D. Burton, Mr. R.H. Booth (ex-Shell),
-    Dr. R.M. Mayer (ex-BP), Prof. P.D. Dunn,
-    MSc. students.
**Department of Cybernetics**
-    Dr. G.R. Whitfield, Dr. R.W. Bentley (ex-Exxon).
**Affiliated:**  Dr. D. Fleming, independent economist.
-            Research since 1995  ~ 5 person-years.

## Slide 3

## Slide 4

## Conclusions

-  Never use Proved reserves (under, over & not-reported).
-  Never use R/P ratio. (Use mid-point peaking).
-  Countries go over resource-limited peak (some 64
-   countries so far, plus: Europe, Asia-Pacific, N. America.)
-   		Peak discovery     Peak production
- 	U.S.	      1930s               	    1971
- 	U.K.       mid-70s           	    1999
- 	World     mid-60s              ~ 2010
-  High yet-to-finds too late to affect the peak.
-  Reserves growth is real, but mainly a second-order effect (ex-US).

## Conclusions - 2

- The following peak dates look pretty solid:
- 						**Date of peak**
-   Non-OPEC peak:	Conventional oil	   now - 2008
-   Global peak: 	Conventional oil	  2010 - 2015
- 			All oil		  2010 - 2020
- 			Oil + Gas		  2015 - 2020
- 			Gas			  2020 – 2025
-   (But a possible near-term ‘mini-glut’:
-                deepwater, Russia, Caspian, Iraq, tar sands ?)
**Needed:**
- 	-  Wider understanding of depletion (incl. IEA)
- 	-  Better reserves data, & calcn’s. price/technology** **
**	**

## END
# Presentation: 021604

## Sheraton

- Plaza: Giant Grocery,
- McDonalds, etc.

- Interstate 95

- Powder Mill Road; aka Rte. 212

- ARS: 5601 Sunnyside Ave

- North to Baltimore

- South to D.C.

- U.S. Route 1; aka Baltimore Ave.

- Rhode Island Ave.

- Tucker

- Subway

- Buddy Steak &
- Seafood

- Cherry Lane Road

- Laurel
- Mall

- Office Depot

- Captain
- Jerry’s
- Crab House

- LOTSA
- Restaurant
- Chains here

- Blockbuster
- Video

- Take the Calverton, Rte 212 West Exit to the Hotel

- Take the Beltsville, Rte 212 East East Exit to ARS

**Rte 198**

- Frank’s
- Nursery

- EAST

- WEST

- Directions from the Sheraton to ARS:
- 1. Turn right on to Powder Mill Road from
- the hotel’s service road.
- 2.  At the 2nd light, Rhode Island Ave, turn
- right.
- 3. The next light is Rte. 1, turn slightly
- left, to Ewing St., just to the
- left of the photo shop.
- 4. Turn right on to Tucker
- at the stop sign.
- ARS is
- straight ahead.
- These directions
- work in the reverse
- also.

- Ewing
# Presentation: 190584

## Block Copolymer LithographyGlenn H. Fredrickson, UC Santa Barbara, DMR 0603710

**Have you ever thought about how the flash memory in your music player is made?** More and more, the self-assembly of polymeric materials known as block copolymers are used to define magnetic features at a 5 nanometer length scale – a scale not accessible by conventional lithographic techniques. The problem with self-assembly, however, is that it is not perfect, leading to defects in the templated magnetic structure. Our group has been conducting computer simulations to learn how to design polymers and create topographic features on a wafer so that perfect arrays of magnetic dots can be manufactured. For example, the figure at right shows how block copolymers will assemble into a defect-free hexagonal array if confined to a thin film within a larger hexagon. We hope that studies like these will provide the scientific understanding and theoretical tools necessary to design the next generation of electronic devices.

## Simulating Polymer Materials with FieldsGlenn H. Fredrickson, UC Santa Barbara, DMR 0603710

- Four graduate students (Gus Bosse, Won Bo Lee, Tanya Chantawansri, and Erin Lennon) and four postdocs (Folusho Oyerokun, Jay Lee, Dominik Duechs, Richard Elliott) have most recently contributed to developing field-based computer simulation techniques.
- Gus, Tanya, and Erin are co-advised by Profs. Garcia-Cervera and Ceniceros in UCSB’s Mathematics Department. Gus just graduated and joined NIST as an NRC post-doc.
- We also collaborate with graduate students Katie Schaefer, Adetunji Onikoyi, and Josh Petri  in Prof. Kramer’s group at UCSB on simulations relevant to their experimental projects.

- Simulating Polymer Materials with FieldsGlenn H. Fredrickson, UC Santa Barbara, DMR 0603710

**Outreach to Industry:**
- We have started a consortium, the **Complex Fluids Design Consortium**, to leverage the NSF support for our research and to address problems of interest to industry. Current members are: Dow Chemical, Mitsubishi Chemical, Rhodia, Arkema, Nestle Research Center, and Kraton Polymers.
# Presentation: 719397

## Example: Upfront Payments and Bidding Flexibility 

| Market Number  | Block  | Market Name  | Bidding Units  | Upfront Payment  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| BEA010  | AA  | New York-No. New Jer.-Long Island, NY-NJ-CT-PA-MA-VT  | 2,400  | $2,400  |
| BEA044  | AF | Knoxville, TN  | 1,000  | $1,000  |

**If a bidder wishes to bid on both licenses in a round, it must have selected both on its FCC Form 175 and purchased at least 3,400 bidding units (2,400 + 1,000).  If a bidder only wishes to bid on one, but not both, purchasing 2,400 bidding units would meet the requirement for either license.  The bidder would be able to bid on either license, **_**but not both at the same time**_**.  If the bidder purchased only 1,000 bidding units, it would have enough eligibility for the Knoxville, TN license  but not for the New York-No. New Jer.-Long Island, NY-NJ-CT-PA-MA-VT license.**

- Former defaulters should calculate their upfront payment for all licenses by multiplying the number of bidding units they wish to purchase by 1.5.  In order to calculate the number of bidding units to assign to former defaulters, the Commission will divide the upfront payment received by 1.5 and round the result up to the nearest bidding unit.
- NOTE:  An applicant’s actual bidding in any round will be limited by the bidding units reflected in its upfront payment, notwithstanding the number of licenses the applicant has indicated in its FCC Form 175.
# Presentation: 527884

## MNM Fatal 2005-10

- Machinery
- April 28, 2005 (Montana)
- Platinum Mine
- Electrician Leadman
- 52 years old
- 30 years mining experience

## Overview

- The victim was fatally injured when he was crushed between a set of ventilation air lock doors as they closed.  He was working on the power circuit for the doors’ control switch, located approximately 15 feet from the doors.

## Slide 3

## Why Did Accident Occur?

- The accident occurred because safe work
- procedures had not been established and
- followed before work was performed on the
- control switch to the air lock doors. The
- power to the circuit was not de-energized,
- locked out, or other measures taken to
- prevent the power circuit from being energized.

## Causal Factor

- Management policies and controls were inadequate because lock out/tag out procedures could not be used for all electrical work performed.  An electrician had attempted to lock out the circuit breaker for the control switch but the lock issued by management to the electrical crews was not compatible with the electrical panel box.  Obvious problems with lock out/tag out of the smaller, residential type panel boxes were apparent because the locks that were issued would not sufficiently fit these smaller boxes.  Work practices and policies stated that the doors were to be blocked against motion and all power sources were to be locked out and tagged out.

## Best Practices

- Conduct a Risk Assessment and communicate before beginning a task, to evaluate the work procedures, identify all possible hazards, and ensure steps are taken to safely perform the task. Establish procedures to safely complete repair tasks.
- When working near air lock doors, block them and bleed off any stored energy to prevent hazardous movement.

## Best Practices

- Ensure that miners are not positioned in areas where they are exposed to hazards resulting from a sudden release of energy.
- Before working on equipment, disconnect power from the circuit, lock out, and tag out the circuit.
# Presentation: 778181

## Trans-NIH Short Application Design Team

**Trans-NIH Short Application Design Team**

**Cheryl A. Kitt, Ph.D.**
**Deputy Director**
** **

**National Institutes of Health****U.S. Department of Health and Human**** ****Services**

**December 3, 2007**

## Shortening the Size of R01 Applications

**Input and support from internal and external stakeholders**
**RFI and analysis**** **
**Pilots**
**Trans-NIH Short Application Design Team**

**Shortening the Size of R01 Applications**

## The Advantages of Shorter Applications 

**Operational **
**Each reviewer may read more applications**
**Study sections may be smaller **
**More experienced reviewers can be recruited**
**Cultural**
**Reviews can be more focused on impact and innovation and less on approach and preliminary results**
** **

## First Trans-NIH Application Committee

**Committee communicated with scientific community via a web-based Request for Information (RFI).**
**Committee developed recommendations for shortening in an integrated way with other peer review initiatives.**
**Committee reported RFI results and its recommendations to PRAC and other groups April 2007.**

## NIH RFI on Shorter R01 Applications

|  Responses  | Number |  Percent |
| --- | --- | --- |
| For Shorter Applications | 3,827 | 73% |
| Against Shorter Applications | 1,251 | 27% |
| Total | 5,078 | 100% |

**Survey ended on January 8,  2007**

## Current NIH Short Application Pilots and Initiatives

**Self-Contained Pilots: **
**Program Announcements with special features:**
**	****- *****Length:***** 8, 10, or 15 page research plans**
**	****- *****Biosketch:****** *****e.g., 10 most relevant publications**
**	****- *****Format:***** may focus on different aspects, i.e., methods,  impact, etc.**

## Slide 7

## NIH Short Application Pilots Follow-up

**Develop *****questionnaire***** to gather information on research plan length and application format from reviewers and NIH staff:**

**Focus on ability to assess science**
**Probe issues related to length of research plan**
**Probe issues related to format, including importance of potential impact vs. approach, review criteria, Biosketch, etc.**
**Share draft questionnaire with NIH stakeholders**

## Short Application Survey

## Short Application Survey

## New Trans-NIH Short Application Design Team

**Goals: **
**Design  Generic Short R01 Application Template**
**Design Review Criteria in Concert with Template**
**Design Format/Template for Written Critiques (Summary Statement) **
**Design Evaluation Instrument**
**Select members from across NIH**

## TRANS-NIH SHORT APPLICATION DESIGN TEAM

## Trans-NIH Short Application Design Team

** ****Action Items: **
**IC’s examples of RFAs, Pas, PARs, etc.,  that have solicited R01/U01 applications that were less than 25 pages**
**How or if these short applications were evaluated**
**Other examples of short grant application formats (i.e, Burroughs Welcome, etc)**
**Suggestions for the design of the application and review criteria **
****Select one model short application as a template***

## Trans-NIH Short Application Design Team

**Report back to PRAC in April, 2007**
# Presentation: 339593

## Financing Vaccines in the 21st Century

- Assuring Access and Availability
- Mark Pauly, June, 2004

## “Premises” for the  IOM Committee

- The charge:  Financing, not everything good.
- The economic premise:  required/rec’d vaccines have very high ratio of benefit to cost (and will (?) continue to do so).
- The political premise:  Best choices are made under “democratic transparency”
- The practical premise: Don’t nickel-and-dime.
- The psychological premise:  Don’t want to waste time on a “PC platitudes” report.

## Main Issues addressed and answered

- What should people pay out of pocket?  Nothing, for everyone and everything “recommended.”
- How should cost/spending be financed?  For public good vaccines—100% public finance, through credits and vouchers.  For others—silent.
- How should recommendations be decided?  Rec. things with high benefits relative to cost.
- How should prices be determined?  Softest part. Invoke principles of value, link to other more competitive markets.  Err on the side of too much rather than too little, given the low absolute cost

## Out of pocket prices

- Given the high ratio of benefit to (usually insured) costs and given some external benefits, user price should be no more than zero.
- No need to economize or differentiate here with regard past vaccines, and newly recommended vaccines should meet a “slam-dunk” test.

## Who should pay?

- For vaccines with public good aspects, the public sector.
- Mandate and fund insurance coverage (first best). Subsidize vaccine materials for the uninsured.
- Saves on the “separate shelves” problem for docs.
- Ignore phony government budgets—but some will have to convince politicians.
- Other vaccines (e.g., tetanus):  Cover as usual.

## Who should decide?

- An expanded NVAC with specific expertise to consider benefits and costs
- Because recommendation fixes demand, fix price before recommending, don’t let it wait until later.
- Requirement for full public financing will discourage “professionals with blank check” behavior.

## Pricing old and new vaccines

- Rejected:  the fair price model—which does not exist!
- Accepted: Shortages probably due to too low a price.  Bad things don’t just happen.
- Existing generic vaccines: pay competitive price.
- New (hypothetical) vaccines:  set value based price in advance.
- Patented vaccines in process: muddle through.

## Next steps: My views only!

- Form the “Coalition for High Value Health Investment,” and get to the head of the line.
- Make the argument that can be made about the health value of vaccines.
- Ask for billions, without apology.
- Financing is only a part, probably not the most important part. So also market!
- Think about contracting for supply assurance at a higher price.
# Presentation: 581015

## MER Surface LifetimePresented at Landing Site Selection Workshop #3March 26-28, 2002

**J. Matijevic**
**3/28/02**

## Introduction

**Surface Lifetime defined as the last sol at which energy produced by the MER solar panel, margined by project policy, exceeds energy required for vehicle thermal survival plus 65Whr for science operations.**
**E(array) > (1 + margin) * (E (thermal survival)) + 65Whr**
**Changes since last landing site workshop:**
**First thermal characterization test demonstrates insulation capability of WEB thermal design.  **
**Thermal model (model ‘E’) updated to incorporate test results and rover configuration changes, particularly heat ‘leaks’ associated with cabling runs.**
**Array vendor selected with string/cell layout against mechanical design of solar panels**
**MGS data provided giving revised thermal inertial/albedo measurements at candidate landing sites**

## Estimated Surface Lifetime

## Issue for Hematite

**Calculation of energy for thermal survival based on candidate landing site environment model used as input to thermal model.**
**Environment model for landing site generated as a 1D model from GCM and uses a ‘1-sigma’ estimate of expected thermal inertia and albedo for the given site.**
**Recent MGS data suggest Hematite model was no longer a ‘1-sigma’ estimate.  Absence of data coverage across the ellipse cast doubt about statistics derived from data that is available**
**Used a ‘3-sigma’ model estimate for Hematite of TI=150 and Albedo=0.15 and prepared another 1D model from GCM. **
**Additional 52Whr for thermal survival required by the end of the mission when temperatures about 7degC colder.**
**Estimated lifetime impact at Hematite if TI/Albedo of 150/0.15 is a pixel where MER lands**
**MERA surface lifetime : reduced from 112sols to 92sols**
**MERB surface lifetime : reduced from 100sols to 80sols**

## Thermal Inertia / Albedo

## Hematite TI vs Albedo

- TI=150, Albedo = 0.15

## Hematite Landing Sites and Temperatures relative to -97degC

## Rover Electronics Module (REM) Heating vs Environment

## Other Engineering Constraints

**Total mission energy**
**Landing latitude and mission (A/B) determines total energy available for surface activities, communication, and survival lifetime**
**10% to 20% more planning energy for MER-A than MER-B at same latitude**
**Lifetime increases as you go North (Sun is moving North at this time)**
**Mission (A/B) determines energy cost of direct-to-Earth communication as a function of time**
**25% to 15% less efficient data return for MER-B compared to MER-A**
**70m DSN antenna energy cost of data ranges from 4.5 Whr/Mb to 14 Whr/Mb**
**UHF energy cost of data constant at 0.8 Whr/Mb**
**UHF volume mediates A/B data return differences**
**Typical mission scenarios return 4.7 Gb for MER-A at Gusev, 4.4 Gb for MER-B at Isisdis**
**Trafficability**
**Landing site rock abundance affects rover traverse capability**
**High rock abundances would result in shorter planned traverses, overall lower traverse capability**

## Total Mission Energy

## Trafficability
# Presentation: 094217

## National Center for Immunization and Respiratory DiseasesDivision of Viral Diseases

**Wendi Kuhnert**
- Associate Director for   Laboratory Science

**April Allman**
- Senior Advisor to the Director

**Polio and Picornavirus**
**Laboratory Branch**
**Mark Pallansch**Chief
**Olen Kew**
- Sr. Scientific Advisor
_**Team Leaders**_
**Cara Burns**
- Polio Molecular Epidemiology
- Laboratory
**David Kilpatrick**Polio Molecular Diagnostic
- Development Laboratory
**Steve Oberste**
- Picornavirus Laboratory

**Epidemiology Branch**
**Gregory Armstrong**
-  Chief
**Terry Maricle**
- Deputy Branch Chief
_**Team Leaders**_
**Umesh Parashar**
- Viral Gastroenteritis
**Kathleen Gallagher**
- Measles, Mumps, Rubella,
- and Polio
**Stephanie Bialek**
- Herpesvirus
**Eileen Schneider (Acting)**
- Respiratory Viruses and Picornavirus
**Aaron Curns **
- Analysis/Data Management Activity

**Gastroenteritis and Respiratory**
**Viruses Laboratory Branch**
**Jon  Gentsch**Chief
**Dean Erdman**
- Deputy Branch Chief
_**Team Leaders**_
**Dean Erdman**
- Respiratory Viruses Diagnostics**Lia Haynes**
- Respiratory Viruses Immunology
**Suxiang Tong**
- Pathogen Discovery Laboratory
**Jan Vinje**Norovirus Laboratory
**Baoming Jiang**
- Rotavirus Vaccines and Immunology
**Michael Bowen**Rotavirus Surveillance and Molecular
- Epidemiology

**Measles, Mumps, Rubella,**
**and  Herpesvirus **
**Laboratory Branch**
**William J. Bellini**
- Chief
**Felicia Stamey**
- Deputy Branch Chief
_**Team Leaders**_
**Paul Rota**
-  Measles
**Carole J. Hickman (Acting)**
- Mumps
**Joe Icenogle**Rubella Virus
**Scott Schmid**Herpesvirus

**Office of the Director**
**Larry Anderson**
- Director
**Jane Seward**
- Deputy Director

**Karen Mason**
- Policy Analyst

**Susan Goldstein**
- Associate Director for Epidemiologic Science

*12/30/2008*

**Claudia Chesley**
- Health Communications Lead
# Presentation: 689988

## South Carolina Rural Development Council

- Regional Wastewater Demonstration Project

## Objective

- Demonstrate Consolidation of Infrastructure for Development in Three Rural Counties Using Federal Funds as a Catalyst

## Infrastructure Needs

- 1. National Assessment (Section 208 (c)(2) Clean Water Act
- 2. SC Infrastructure Study(est.1.6 Billion for 20 year growth)

## Area Profile

- 3-County Population			155,792
- Workforce
- 	Aiken County			  55,268
- 	Edgefield County		    8,324
- 	Saluda County		             5,427

## SituationAiken, Edgefield, Saluda Counties

- Existing waste water facilities have reached capacity
- Industrial growth/economic development has been deferred
- Schools on septic tanks
- Federal and state prisons scheduled to be built
- Treatment plant on the Savannah River has excess capacity
- Funding for infrastructure is limited

## Rural Development Council Infrastructure Committee 

- EDA
- Rural Development
- SC Budget Control Bd Office of Local Government
- SC Dept of Health & Environmental Control
- SC Department of Commerce (CDBG)

## Funding

- EDA
-  Rural Development
- SC Department of Commerce CDBG
- SC Department of Corrections
- Budget and Control Bd Office of Local     Government
- Total cost 		$9,962,400

## EvaluationClemson U Strom Thurmond Institute

_**Edgefield County**_
- -1360 business and industry jobs announced
- -Two prisons opened (state and federal)400 jobs
- -High school connected to system
- -Schools in 3 towns put on sewage system
_**Aiken County**_
- -1800 jobs announced
_**Saluda County**_
- -223 jobs created
- -312 jobs saved
**Projected 15 years of waste water capacity for development**

## Population Changes 1990-2000

- Aiken			+ 21,561
- Edgefield		+ 6,235
- Saluda			+ 2,740

## Policy Implications

- Regionalization of infrastructure for economy of scale in rural areas
- State and Federal incentives to promote regionalization of infrastructure
- Uniform federal regulations for efficiency
- Assessment of potential regional systems (208 Plans)
- Share best practices

## Thank you

- Frank Garcia
- 803-737-0449
# Presentation: 499468

## Session # 12

- Campus-Based Allocation Formula
- Dan Madzelan

## In Today’s Session –

- Brief History of the Formula
- Detailed Explanation
- Ways to Better Target Funds to Needy Students

## A (Very) Brief History

- Huff “Panel of Experts” (1977)
- Initial Implementation (1978)
- HEA Reauthorizations, 1980-1998

## Institutional Allocation

- The Lesser of—
- Request for Funds, or
- The Greater of—
- Base Guarantee, or
- “Fair Share”

## Institutional Allocation

- Base Guarantee/Prior Expenditure
- Fair Share of Program Funds
- Institutional Need
- Financial Need minus
- All Federal Grants
- Some State Grants

## Allocation Formula

## Allocation Formula

## Allocation Formula

## Allocation Formula

## FISAP Part II—Sections D, E and F

- Enrollment and Tuition Revenue
- Pell, Academic Competitive, and National SMART Grants
- Eligible Aid Applicants
- Dependent Undergraduates (2)
- Independent Undergraduates (2)
- Independent Grad/Professional

## Institutional Need

## Institutional NeedFISAP Change for 2008-09

## Institutional Need

## Institutional Need

## Calculating Institutional Need

## Calculating FSEOG Need

## Calculating Self-Help Need

## Campus-Based Need: Summary

**Financial Need**
**Dependents      29,103,901**
**Independents     5,060,156**
**Pell Grants                1,315,575**
**Leap Grants                    35,483**
**Institutional Need   32,812,999**

**FSEOG Need**
**Dependents     11,507,527**
**Independents    3,634,140**
**Pell Grants****	****       1,315,575**
**Leap Grants                   35,483**
**FSEOG Need            13,790,609**
**Self-Help Need**
**Dependents      17,596,374**
**Independents     1,426,016**
**Self-Help Need        19,022,390**

## FISAP Part II, Section F

## Distribution of EAAs, 2003-04

## Standard EFCs, 2003-04

## Campus-Based Programs:Cost of Attendance, 2003-04

## Future Eligible Aid Applicant Grid

**?**

## Future Eligible Aid Applicant Grid

## Campus-Based Programs Funding

- Follow the Students
- Provide More “Fair Share” Funding
- Align Formula EFCs with Actual EFCs

## Contact Information

- Your feedback and comments are appreciated.
- Phone:  202-502-7816
- Email:   dan.madzelan@ed.gov
- FAX:     202-502-7873

## Faber College	

- Univ of Cal, Sunnydale
- Adams College
- Arlen Community College
- Walden College
- Enormous State University
- Huxley College
- Coolidge College
- Medfield College
# Presentation: 786418

## Presentation to the President’s Advisory Panel on Federal Tax Reform

- May 11, 2005

- Steve Forbes
- President and CEO
- Forbes, Inc.

## Rising tax code complexity	

## 1986 Tax Reform

## Dynamic scoring: the flat tax

- Wealth Creation
- $6 trillion in additional assets by 2015
- Total payroll tax receipts from 2006 to 2015 up $892.2 billion

## Tax cut history: 1920’s

*Source: Heritage Foundation*

## Tax cut history: 1960’s 

*Source: Heritage Foundation*

## Tax cut history: 1980’s

*Source: Heritage Foundation *