# Presentation: 393765

## U.S. Teens In Our World

**Understanding the Health of****U.S. Youth In Comparison to****Youth in Other Countries**** **

- Mary Overpeck, Dr.P.H.
- Office of Data and Information Management
- Maternal and Child Health Bureau
- Health Resources and Services Administration

## Slide 2

## International HBSC Study

- Comparable surveys performed in schools every four years
- Begun in 1983 by multidisciplinary researchers
- Most recent survey completed in 2001/02 in 35 countries
- Additional HBSC information available at www.hbsc.org

## HBSC Study Results

***U.S. Teens in Our World*** based on 1997/98 surveys in 28 countries
- U.S. joined in 1997
- Comparisons among countries originally published in international report
- Includes over 120,000 students at ages 11, 13 & 15 years
- Nationally-representative estimates

## U.S. Teen Chartbook:Main Questions 

- What important information did we learn about common adolescent health characteristics, and about U.S. adolescents specifically, that we didn’t already know?
- What relevant U.S. or international research addresses the factors underlying the highlighted health issues?

## Health & Well-being:What Did We Learn?

- Boys report better health and quality of life than girls in all countries, except for feeling tired in the morning.
- U.S. teens more likely to report psychosomatic symptoms and related medication use than in other countries

## Symptoms and Medication UseDuring Previous Week

- U.S. students ranked highest among all countries for stomachaches
- U.S. & Israeli teens rank highest for headaches
- U.S. students were third most likely to feel tired when they went to school in the morning

## What Does the Research Show?

- Gender differences are consistent with U.S. studies
- Little research to show why U.S. teens rank comparatively high on health or depressive symptoms and related medication use

## Fitness:What Did We Learn?

- U.S. teen rankings among countries vary from high to low across areas of nutrition, dieting, exercise, and sedentary activities.

## Nutrition and Exercise

- US students are among those most likely to eat French fries or fried potatoes daily
- US students rank near the top for drinking soft drinks daily
- US students ranked in the lower range for exercising enough to be out of breath or sweat at least twice a week during their free time

## What Does the Research Show?

- Overall health and well-being affected by fitness factors including activity levels, nutrition, and overweight
- Study among 15 countries shows U.S. students to be significantly more overweight

## Family Relationships: What Did We Learn?

- U.S. youth least likely to live with both biological parents
- Communication with either parent generally more difficult for U.S. students, but particularly with fathers
- Students in all countries have more difficulty talking to fathers

## What Does the Research Show?

- Difficulty communicating with parents is associated with increased difficulty with making or talking to friends, happiness, and risky behaviors.
- Communication enhanced by warm and supportive parents
- Role of cultural differences not clear

**Notes:**
See page 44:
Longitudianl studyies and NAS study emphasize complexity of family and peer relations but across existing studies, parental connectedness - feelings of warmth, love and caring from parents - remains the most important factor.

## School Environment:What Did We Learn?

- Across countries, girls like school more than boys and consider rules to be more fair
- Few students really like school - including U.S. students
- Feelings of school connectedness affected by involvement in rulemaking, teacher and parental support, and relationships to other students

**Notes:**
U.S. students more likely to feel pressured by school work 
U.S. students least likely to feel they participate in making rules at school
Propotion of U.S. students who really like school is among the best

## School Environment

- U.S. students are among the least likely to feel they participate in making rules at school
- U.S. students are  relatively unlikely to find other students in their classes to be kind and helpful

## What Does the Research Show?

- Adolescent Health and HBSC studies show connectedness at school important for health, well-being, and risk-taking
- Peer relations at school important for student motivation, achievement, and behavior

## Smoking and Drinking: What Did We Learn?

- U.S. students similar to other countries in experiments with smoking at age 11
- Rankings between proportions smoking or drinking by age 15 differ for U.S. students

**Notes:**
For next slide:
Our 15 year old youth less like to smoke than students in almost all other countries

Rank in about middle range for drinking alcohol at oeast once a week, consistent with ranking for students who have been drunk at least twice

## Smoking and Drinking

- U.S. 15 year old youth are less likely to smoke than youth in almost any other country
- U.S. youth rank in middle range for  proportion drinking alcohol weekly

## What Does the Research Show?

- Our relative success in smoking reduction is probably related to multiple prevention approaches: clean air laws, pricing, counter-advertising, enforcement of existing laws
- Less success shown for reduction of alcohol use, except in area of drinking and driving

## Youth Violence: What Did We Learn?

- Measures of bullying and feeling safe at school only items available for all countries
- Fighting and weapon carrying described for fewer countries in U.S. report

**Notes:**
Nest 2 slides:
U.S. students rank eighth among countries for students who never or rarely feel safe - representing about 30 percent of students.   40 percent always feel safe

U.S. students rank in about middle for being bully sometimes or more often during previous school term but rank in top thir (9th)  among countries for students who are bullied once a 
at least once a week.  Similar reults found for students who bully (data not shown)

## School Safety and Bullying

- U.S. students rank 8th among countries for students who never or rarely feel safe
- U.S. students rank 9th among countries for students are  bullied at least once a week
- Findings similar for U.S. students who bully others

## What Does the Research Show?

- Bullying, both at school and away, is associated with different psychosocial effects for bullies, victims or those who are both.
- Bullied student difficulties: making friends, classmate relationships, and loneliness
- Bully/victims: no problem making friends

## What Was Left Out

- Injuries
- Use of Illegal Drugs
- Sexual Activity
- Family Affluence
- U.S. Specific Items
- Race/ethnicity, immigration and acculturation
- Adolescents in the workforce
- Other Items

## How To Obtain A Copy of U.S. Teens In Our World

- Single copies of this publication
- are available at no charge from:
- HRSA Information Center
- 2070 Chain Bridge Road, Suite 450
- Vienna, VA  22182-2536
- (703) 442-9051 or
- 1-888-ASK-HRSA

## For Further Information

-    Further information on
- international data availability and
- the HBSC study design can be found at
- www.hbsc.org
- U.S. data from 1997/1998 survey
- available at: www.icpsr.umich.edu