# Presentation: 081208

## Aura Science TeamAir Quality Working Group

**October 27, 2008**
**1:30 – 5:30 PM**
**Conveners:**
**Bryan Duncan**
**Ken Pickering**

## Air Quality Working GroupObjectives

_**Review current work**_
- 	**Determining the relevance of Aura tropospheric products for air quality purposes**
**	****	****Comparison of Aura data with *****in situ *****data and air quality models**
**	****	****Utilization of Aura data in air quality analyses**
**	****	****Retrieval and resolution issues**
_**Future activities that are needed**_
**	****Improvements to current Aura product to improve there applicability to air quality studies**
**	****Identification of potential new applications in the air quality field **
**	****Determine how what we have learned from Aura can be applied in **
**	****planning GEO-CAPE**

## Topics

**How well can we detect lower tropospheric ozone from current Aura observations?**
**Can we learn something new about boundary layer ozone production from precursor observations from Aura (HCHO and NO****2****)?**
**What new can be learned from Aura (and other A-Train) measurements about AOD vs. PM****2.5**** relationships and SO****2**** as an aerosol precursor?**
**Determine how what we have learned from Aura can be applied in planning GEO-CAPE**

## 0-5 km layer Sonde Comparisons

**30S -30N**

**30N -60N**

**Multiply by 2.5 to get column-avg VMR in ppbv**

-  rmsd= 9 ppbv

-  rmsd= 7 ppbv

**Agrees with smoothing error estimates**

**OMIO3PROF from Xiong Liu retrieval**

**P.K. Bhartia**

## Validation Difficulties

**Hohenp./Payerne 0-5 km VMR comparison**

- rmsd= 5 ppbv

- 6.5 ppbv

- 7 ppbv

- 6 ppbv

- Bias =3 ppbv

**P.K. Bhartia**

## Summer Sensitivity

**June 8, 2006**

**Project Status Report**

**A. Eldering**

- Ocean

- Land

**DOFs > 0.4 indicates**
**>40% of information**
**coming from obs. **

##  (0-3 km) Ozone over Southeast Asia

** ****Enhanced ozone over Indonesia in Oct. 2006 relative to Oct. 2005.**
** ****Enhanced ozone over South China especially in Oct. 2006.**

- 2005m1013

- 2006m1021

**Xiong Liu**

##              cntrl                     raqms_bc                    sat_bc                      sat_icbc 

-    853 mb          501 mb           212 mb

- Fig 1. O3 (ppbv) 1900 UTC, 8/21/2006 simulated by 4 CMAQ runs; over plotted with 9 ozonesondes found within 1500~2300 UTC.

**Using OMI boundary (bc) or bc+initial conditions, results in significantly better agreement between CMAQ and the sondes in the middle and upper troposphere.**

**M. Newchurch**

## Beltsville (suburban WDC) Surface Ozone and Sonde Statistics, Based on June-Aug 2005-2007 Data

**Define a “residual layer” with equiv PT inflections.  Distinct from Surface Layer – RL can be “local” or transported ozone**
**Two distinct sets of RL profiles emerge (****center, right****)**
**Consider an Alternative Empirical Air Quality Forecast**
**Compare nighttime sonde data with surface ozone data**
** ****Assumption:  mixing from residual layer above (RL – yesterday’s ozone, maybe from upwind!) critical to surface ozone evolution**
**Does high ozone RL predict high surface ozone better than a model?**
**J E Yorks, MS Thesis, 12/07; Yorks et al: *****Atmos. Environ*****., submitted, 2008**** **

**A. Thompson**

## TES O3 and OMI NO2 near Beijing. Hamer, in prep

***TES O******3****** and OMI NO******2 ******near Beijing*****. Hamer, in prep**

-             July 10th 2007                         May 23rd 2008

- Elevated Ozone at 900 hPa seen co-located with elevated OMI NO2

**G. Osterman**

## Links to Air Quality: Photochemistry

**Links to Air Quality: Photochemistry**

**Measurements: Fried, Blake, Singh, Sachse, Diskin, Heikes**

**INTEX-A**

**INTEX-B**
**(Mexico)**

**VOC OH Reactivity (s****-1****):  **

*Measure of air mass photochemical reactivity*

**HCHO as a Proxy for VOC OH Reactivity?**

**D. Millet**

## OMI HCHO/NO2

**OMI HCHO/NO****2**

**June 2005**

**VOC controls O****3**** prod.**

**NO****x**** controls O****3**** production**

*****Following Martin et al. [2004]. *****

**B. Duncan**

## OMI CHO-CHO — 2006 Annual Average, Megacities

- OMI CHO-CHO — 2006 Annual Average, Megacities

**T. Kurosu**

## AMF difference (new monthly vs old annual profiles)

**AMF difference (new monthly *****vs***** old annual profiles)**

***Figure  2***

**(a)  ****AMFs from GMI monthly mean profiles compared with AMFs from GEOS-Chem annual mean profiles.  SZAs and albedos are monthly means for each location.**

**(b)  ****Same as (a), but GMI monthly means are compared to GMI annual means. **

**(c)  ****Same as (b), but using fixed SZA = 45 deg, albedo = 0.05.**

**J. Gleason**

## NO2 AMF vs Surface Reflectivity

**NO2 AMF vs Surface Reflectivity**

**J. Gleason**

## Aerosols and SO2

**A. Prados**** – using OMI AI to improve AOD vs.  sfc. PM****2.5**** relationships**
**N. Krotkov**** – new hyperspectral algorithm to reduce noise in OMI SO****2**** retrieval**
**R. Martin**** – using GEOS-Chem model profile in local AMFs for SO****2**** retrieval**
**C. Li – SO****2**** plume transport from northern China**
**M. Garay**** – linking OMI SO****2**** to MISR AOD – smelters**
**Y. Liu**** – MODIS AOD, OMI AI, sfc PM****10**** relationships for Greek fires**
**M. Chin**** – comparison of GOCART to AERONET and then to OMI for absorbing aerosols**

## GEO-CAPE Notional Instrument Suite

- UV/Vis
- - Scanning UV/Visible spectrometer (300 – 480 nm); detect total column O3, NO2, HCHO, SO2, and aerosol; limited efficiency for O3 in the boundary layer.
- CO Detector
-  Gas correlation filter radiometer measuring in reflected near-IR and thermal IR emission; senses atmospheric CO total column to surface and mid- and upper-troposphere weighted; separate boundary layer from free troposphere abundance.
- Multi-Discipline Imager
- - Very high resolution UV-Vis-NIR imaging spectrometer; resolve coastal ocean color variations; capable of focus on environmental emergencies and special events in oceans, atmosphere, and terrestrial regions.

- Measurements need to be made closely in time and space to enable detailed examination of transport and photochemical processes, e.g., O3 production from CO oxidation:
- CO + OH + O2  CO2 + HO2
- HO2 + NO  OH + NO2
- NO2 + h + O2  NO + O3

**Notes:**
Instruments number 1 and 2, Performance of existing instrument technologies is generally adequate for geostationary deployment. 
Adapting heritage sensor technology to GEO does not present a major hurdle.
#3 is higher risk.

## Proposed GEO-CAPE Study

**Proposed GEO-CAPE Study**
**Instrument Possibilities for Planetary Boundary Layer O3 Measurements from Space**

**Genesis: 2008 GEO-CAPE Workshop**
**Participants: SAO, Harvard, UMD, NASA (GSFC, LaRC, JPL, ARC), UAH, NCAR**
- 1. Determine a minimal set of atmospheric scenarios, including gas and aerosol loading, pressure/temperature profile, and geolocations through which to fly instrument and measurement combinations. 4 days spanning the annual variation is likely enough, at least to start.
- 2. Select instrument parameters. Proposed channels:
- UV Hartley-Huggins bands at ~ GOME resolution: 290-340 nm @ 0.09 nm sample, 0.36 nm resolution (FWHM);
- UV Huggins band and slightly beyond. 5 discrete polarization-resolved channels, 1 nm FWHM wide, placed from 311 to 360 nm;
- Chappuis band at ~ GOME resolution: 500-650 nm @ 0.1 nm sample, 0.4 nm resolution (FWHM);
- 3.3 or 3.6 μm, as specified by Chatfield;
- 9.6 μm, as specified by Eldering and Irion.

**K. Chance**