# Presentation: 446979

## Use of satellite data in habitat classification for protected resources

**Evan A. Howell, Jeffrey J. Polovina, Hidetada Kiyofuji**
**Ecosystems and Oceanography Division**
**Pacific Island Fisheries Science Center**

## Contents

**Satellite data – Why is it useful in habitat studies?**
**Create Regional Indicators/Indicators of features**
**	****Bigeye Tuna**
**	****Monk Seals**
**	****Loggerhead Turtles**
**Current Projects**
**Summary****  **

## Satellite data

**Uses:**
**Regional Indicators/Indicator of features**
**Ecosystem/Habitat Studies**

**Why use satellite data:**
**Basin scale coverage**
**Many near real-time products available**
**Easy incorporation to models/studies (In house processing/storage of multiple products by PIFSC OceanWatch node)**

## Regional Indicators

**Use satellite data to monitor meso/basin scale changes in different regions across Pacific**
**EOF Analysis of SSH provides index of regional conditions**

## Regional Indicators

**Indicative of subsurface changes, can be used as proxy for subsurface conditions**
**Less observed variability  than SST or SLP based ENSO indicators**
**Can be used in Habitat analyses (e.g. Bigeye at Palmyra)**

**Regional Indicators**

**EOF of equatorial region indicator of ENSO events**

## Regional Indicators – Bigeye Habitat

**Palmyra Area small but important area for longline fishery **

**Regional Indicators – Bigeye Habitat**

**Palmyra Area small but important area for longline fishery **
**Apparent correlation between bigeye cpue and El Niño Indicator (eyeball method)**

**Palmyra Area small but important area for longline fishery **
**Apparent correlation between bigeye cpue and El Niño Indicator (eyeball method)**
**Incorporate indicator into GAM model (cpue~x,y,t,EOF)**

**Palmyra Area small but important area for longline fishery **
**Apparent correlation between bigeye cpue and El Niño Indicator (eyeball method)**
**Incorporate indicator into GAM model (cpue~x,y,t,EOF)**
**Model results show higher bigeye CPUE occurs in El Niño years**

## Indicators of features

**Basin wide feature with 1000 km north-south migration**
**Southern minimum ~February****Northern maximum ~August **
**Boundary hi surf chl lo chl**
**TZCF represent key migration and forage habitat for loggerhead turtles, albacore tunas, and monk seals**

## Hawaiian Monk Seals

**Hawaiian Monk Seals**

**Born and weaned in NWHI**
**Juvenile survival focus of study for many years**

**Born and weaned in NWHI**
**Juvenile survival focus of study for many years**
**Mortalities due to starvation are observed**

## Indicators of features – TZCF

**Hypotheses: TZCF winter lat - correlated with MS survival**
**Effect should be strongest at northernmost atolls**
**Should involve time lag**

**Indicators of features – TZCF**

## Indicators of features – TZCF|SST

**Can use 18****°C SST as proxy for TZCF (180****°-160°W Jan-Feb**
**Winter SST then matched to MS Data (1984-2004)**
**Use this indicator as model effect for MS survival**

**Indicators of features – TZCF|SST**

## Indicators of features – TZCF|SST

**Juvenile survival* (top) dependent on southern position of SST/TZCF front (2 year lag in indicator)**
**Pups born in 2001-2003 show decline in survival**
**Should see increase in survival based on indicator rise from 2004**
***1&2 yr old: Lisianski/PHR/Midway/Kure**
***3&4 yr old: PHR/Midway/Kure**

**Indicators of features – TZCF|SST**

## Tag affixed to turtle’s shell with epoxy

Animal released, tag transmits to ARGOS satellite, which is then processed and sent to our computers

Animals tagged are either ones caught in fishery or ones raised in captivity

What comes in is raw location (x,y) data

What about the env is important?

Turtles from Japan

**Animal released, tag transmits to ARGOS satellite, which is then processed and sent to our computers**
**Animals tagged are either ones caught in fishery or ones raised in captivity**
**What comes in is raw location (x,y) data**
**What about the env is important?**
**Turtles from Japan**

**Assessing juvenile loggerhead “hot spots”**

## The Kuroshio Extension Bifurcation Region

**MODIS primary productivity **
**(BF model)**
**Quarters 1-4 2003**
**Productive area moves south in winter, north in fall**

**The Kuroshio Extension ****Bifurcation**** Region**

## The Kuroshio Extension Bifurcation Region

**Geostrophic currents and ocean color for September 6-13, 2003**

**Geostrophic currents and ocean color for March 5-12, 2004**

**The Kuroshio Extension ****Bifurcation**** Region**

**Turtles follow front rather than currents**

## The Kuroshio Extension Bifurcation Region

**The Kuroshio Extension ****Bifurcation**** Region**

**Turtles follow front (red) rather than currents (blue)**

## Albacore tuna habitat mapping

**Creating maps of albacore pref habitat from env. Data (SST, SSH, Chl *****a***
**Have Japanese longline albacore data from 1998-2004**
**Get habitat ranges from histograms of environmental data to build habitat maps **

## Albacore tuna habitat mapping

**Albacore tuna habitat mapping**

**Example of a simple prediction map for albacore tuna from environmental variables**
**Future work involving gradation map (% pot habitat)**

## Quick Summary

**The Ecosystems and Oceanography Division incorporates satellite remotely-sensed data into many habitat studies**
**Satellite data provides us with a basin wide snapshot of environmental conditions from multiple angles on various time scales**
**These data can be used to build indicators and/or incorporated directly into habitat studies**
**These data will only increase in their value as coverage/abilities progress**

## Slide 19

## Assessing juvenile loggerhead “hot spots”

- Central North Pacific releases

- Japan releases

**Assessing juvenile loggerhead “hot spots”**