# Presentation: 706817

## Temperature Validation in a Nutshell*

- Rapporteur:
- Steven Pawson
- NASA GSFC

- * It’s all about the kernels

## Summary Comments

- Temperature validation seems to be in good shape, maybe because other retrievals depend on temperatures!
- Range of talks, covering:
- Aura data validation
- Ancillary temperature datasets
- Features that need to be validated
- Commend presenters for sticking to time and thematic relevance

## TES Validation

- TES-AIRS comparisons (A. Eldering)
- TES temperatures are less than 1K colder than AIRS below 400mb.
- TES is about 2K warmer than AIR above 400mb.
- RMS of less than 2K at all levels
- Similar mean differences with MLS
- Future L1B calibration will make TES temperature profiles less bias relative to AIRS in the upper troposphere
- TES versus sondes and aircraft data (B. Herman):
- Temperature comparisons have been carried out between TES L2 retrievals, WB-57, DC-8, and sondes.
- UT warm bias and LT cold bias in TES data are due to known calibration problems
- TES SSTs (Bob Herman)
- Promising avenue (compared against Hadley SST data)

## TES-v-AIRS: Summary 

- Mean profiles
- TES - AIRS

- Bias in green [TES-AIRS], rms differences in black

## MLS Validation (M. Schwartz)

- MLS temperatures retrieved from several channels
- Core uses 118GHz (316-1hPa)
- 118+240+190GHz should be “best” in upper troposphere and mesosphere, but this combined product displays oscillations and bias!
- Comprehensive validation presented:
- Residuals in radiance fitting
- Independent data types

## MLS Summary

## HIRDLS: Comparisons with GEOS-4 Analyses

**May 11**

**February 7**

## HIRDLS Validation

- Validation against GEOS-4 analyses (J. Gille)
- HIRDLS Temperatures agree with the geographical and vertical variations of GMAO temperatures from the tropopause to ~ 50 km
- Temperature precision is what was described at CDR
- Profile comparisons show that HIRDLS results track high resolution features
- Data are being improved; future results will improve on these
- Isolation of wave features (H. Lee):
- Geophysical signals of waves isolated - advantage of the near 1km vertical resolution
- Gravity waves apparently related to planetary wave-2 in SH
- Indications of agreement with GPS data
- Seasonal variations of wave activities

## Waves (1) - HIRDLS 

******z ****= 3-4 km**

******h ****= 500 km**

** ****= 1.4e****-4**** s****-1**
**cg****h**** = U****h****-70 m/s**
**cg****z**** = 0.5 m/s**

## Waves (2) - Ticosonde 

- Downward phase propagation of 4-5 day waves in temperature to tropopause level

*Ticosonde-Aura/TCSP 2005 RS92 data*

## Ancillary Data(1): Sondes 

- Ticosonde temperatures (R. Selkirk):
- Based in Costa Rica, in missions
- Six-hourly launches: about 240 in summers of 2004 and 2005
- About 20% of soundings indicate second coded tropopause: lamination?
- Wave signals and diurnal cycle impacts
- Temperature soundings from ozone sondes (F. Schmidlin):
- Wallops, Ascension, Natal
- Addressed thermistor accuracy - impact on soundings
- Good agreement with MLSbetween 300 and 8hPa

## Ancillary Data(2): Sounders 

- MTP (M.J. Mahoney):
- Flown in missions
- Calibrated to sondes at flight level
- Accuracy better than 1K for 8km above and below flight altitude
- Scanning HIS (K. Vinson):
- Flown in missions
- Some departures from MTP - e.g., near tropopause

## Discussion 

- Need for ready data availability in AVDC and tools to help collocate validation data against Aura profiles
- Requirements for validation: averaging kernels, representation error (points versus footprints)
- Other data types (lidar)
- Keep up the good work!