# Presentation: 006377

## MINERA (E-938)

- Goals
- Progress
- Project Status
- Jorge G. Morfín
- Fermilab
- DOE Review - May 2006

## MINERA

- MINERA is a dedicated low-energy neutrino nucleus scattering experiment to be installed in the NuMI near hall.
- Main goals are measurements of low-energy exclusive and inclusive neutrino cross sections and studies of the nuclear effects on these cross sections and on neutrino-induced hadron showers.
- With this information we are in a unique position to provide critical input for the world neutrino oscillation program
- “neutrino engineering” for NuMI and T2K program
- MINERA also provides an opportunity to use the axial current for studies of nucleon structure and nuclear effects.
- Topics of joint interest to the HEP and Nuclear Physics (NP) communities

## The MINERA Collaboration -Experts from two communities - HEP and NP

**Black = Theorist**

- D.  Drakoulakos, P. Stamoulis,  G. Tzanakos, M. Zois
**University of Athens, Athens, Greece**
- D. Casper, J. Dunmore, C. Regis, B. Ziemer
**University of California, Irvine, California**
- E. Paschos
**University of Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany**
- M. Andrews, D. Boehnlein, N. Grossman, D. A. Harris,  J. Kilmer,
- J.G. Morfin,  A. Pla-Dalmau, P. Rubinov,  P. Shanahan, P. Spentzouris
**Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois**
- I.Albayrak, M..E. Christy, C.E .Keppel, V. Tvaskis
**Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia**
- R. Burnstein,  O. Kamaev, N.  Solomey
**Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois**
- S.Kulagin
**Institute for Nuclear Research, Moscow, Russia**
- I. Niculescu. G. .Niculescu
**James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia**
- W.K.  Brooks, A. Bruell, R. Ent, D. Gaskell,,
- W. Melnitchouk,  S. Wood
**Jefferson Lab, Newport News, Virginia**
- R. Gran
**University of Minnesota-Duluth, Duluth Minnesota**

- G. Blazey, M.A.C. Cummings, V. Rykalin
**Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois**
**D. Buchholtz, H. Schellman**
**Northwestern University, Evanston, IL**
- S.  Boyd, S. Dytman, M.-S. K, D.  Naples, V.  Paolone
**University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania**
**L. Aliaga, J.L. Bazo, A. Gago, **
**Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru, Lima, Peru**
- A. Bodek, R. Bradford, H.  Budd, J. Chvojka,
- P. de Babaro, S. Manly,  K. McFarland, J. Park, W. Sakumoto,
- J. Seger, J. Steinman
**University of Rochester, Rochester, New York**
- R. Gilman, C. Glasshausser, X. Jiang, G. Kumbartzki,
- R. Ransome, E. Schulte
**Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey**
- D. Cherdack, H. Gallagher, T.  Kafka, W.A. Mann, W. Oliver
**Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts**
- R. Ochoa, O. Pereyra, J. Solano
**Universidad Nacional de Ingenieria. Lima, Peru**
- J. Nelson, F.X.Yumiceva
**William and Mary College, Williamsburg, Virginia**

## Neutrino Interaction Uncertainties and  Oscillation Measurements ID. Harris et al. hep-ex/0410005

- Current Generation’s Primary Goal: **MINOS**
- Precise m2 measurement from  disappearance vs. E
- Biggest systematic concern: **correctly measuring the E******?
- a absorption, rescattering and charge exchange
- Cross sections for 1,2..n  production

- 

- 

- 

- 

## Next Generation’s Primary Goal: NOA and T2K
Search for e transitions at one neutrino energy 
Biggest systematic concern:
Predicting background (discovery based on an excess above background!)
Later, precision measurements with neutrinos and anti-neutrinos		
Next Generation’s “guaranteed” measurement
More precise m2 measurement, if you understand the backgrounds

- Search for e transitions at one neutrino energy
- Biggest systematic concern:
- Predicting background (discovery based on an excess above background!)
- Later, precision measurements with neutrinos and **anti-neutrinos****	****	**
- Next Generation’s “guaranteed” measurement
- More precise m2 measurement, if you understand the backgrounds

| Process | QE | RES | COH - C | DIS - low E |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| NOW (CC,NC) | 20% | 40% | 50% | 20% |
|  after MINERA (CC/NC) | 5% / na | 7% / 12% | 5%  / 20% | 5% / (10%) |

- Neutrino Interaction Uncertainties and  Oscillation Measurements II

**Without MINER********A, NO********A risks being limited by cross section uncertainties**

## MINERA Physics Results

- High Q2 axial form factor of nucleon(complements high Q2 vector FF from JLab)
- Coherent cross-sections vs. energy(exploit resolution, containing detector)

-  vs E
-  vs A

## MINERA Physics Results

- A-dependence of:
- low Q2 - low  (1- K2K &  MiniBooNE “low Q2 problem”
- exclusive final states (nuclear re-interactions)
- deep inelastic scattering (F2, xF3)

- F2(Pb)
- F2(C)

## To Accomplish its Goals...The Detector

- MINERA proposes to build a low-risk detector with simple, well-understood technology
- Active core is segmented solid scintillator
- tracking (including low momentum recoil protons)
- particle identification
- few ns timing (track direction, identify stopped K±)
- Surrounded by electromagnetic and then hadronic calorimeters
- photon (0) and hadron (±) energy measurement
- C, Fe and Pb nuclear targets upstream of solid scintillator core
- MINOS Near detector as high-energy  spectrometer

## MINERA Optics - Extruded Scintillator (Inner detector scintillator and optics shown,Outer Detector has rectangular scintillator)

- Basic element: 1.7x3.3cm triangular strips.1.2mm WLS fiber readout in center hole

- Particle

## Progress: R&D / Prototyping

- Focus on ID scintillator triangles - Fermilab, NIU
- Demonstrated feasibility of meeting mechanical specs
- Provide scintillator for light yield measurements
- Detailed estimates of labor costs

## Vertical Slice Test

- VST1 array,electronics and DAQ

- 11 PE/MIP per doublet

- Extrapolates to 18 PE/MIP(5.4 PE/MeV)in final detector

## Progress: R&D/Prototyping - continued

- Electronics Prototypes - **Pittsburgh and Fermilab**
- Front-end Boards
- HV prototype card
- Mechanical Prototype/Mock-ups - **Rochester and**** ****Fermilab**
- time-motion studies of assembly
- determine tooling, fixtures required
- feasibility evaluation of installation and repair procedures
- WLS Fiber testing and qualification - Rochester, William and Mary
- Attenuation and light yield
- Fiber flexibility and light loss
- Prototyping Fiber Cables - Rochester and William and Mary
- transmission measurements
- Engineering and production tasks
- PMT testing and PMT Box Assembly - Tufts, Athens, James Madison and Rutgers
- learning steps required to align, test and safely house the photomultipliers
- Interface-heavy tasks are making use of many other early prototypes

## Accomplishments since last DOE Review

- Project
- Project Office fully established including Project Manager, Deputy Project Manager, Scheduler, Budget Officer, Document Coordinator and Project Engineers
- Successfully passed CD-1/trial CD-2 Director’s Review 12/2005
- Prepared CD-1 documentation, ready to be submitted to DOE
- Technical Advances: demonstrating basic element performance
- Scintillator co-extrusion and WLS light yield
- Clear fiber cable transmission
- Electronics: noise, charge sensitivity
- Technical Advances: demonstrating construction feasibility
- extrusion of scintillator, fiber gluing tests
- prototype PMT box, PMT alignment scheme
- scale modules of module assembly

## Accomplishments...continued

- Physics Analysis Advances
- Optimized detector design with updated Monte Carlo studies of several physics channels
- Organized and ran joint Fermilab/Jlab workshop on common physics objectives.  Led to several refined physics objectives.
- Software Advances
- Begun transition to Object-Oriented Simulation and Data structures
- Established core software working group
- Beginning full pattern recognition / reconstruction program

## Fermilab Responsibilities

- Co-spokesperson:  Jorge G. Morfín
- Project Manager - Deborah Harris
- Deputy Project Manager:  Nancy Grossman
- Document Coordinator:  Dave Boehnlein
- Project Scheduler: T.J. Sarlina
- Project Budget Officer: Sherie Landrud
- Project Engineers: Jim Kilmer and Stan Orr
- ES&H Coordinator: Mike Andrews
- Scintillator Extrusions: L2 Manager Anna Pla,
- Frame, Absorbers & Stand: L2 Manager Jim Kilmer
- Module Assembly & Installation: co-L2 Manager Jim Kilmer,
- Fiber & Connector Polishing: Eileen Hahn
- Electronics Design: Paul Rubinov
- 				3.2 FTE Fermilab Physicists

## MINERA Costs

|  |  |  | FY'06 | FY'07 | FY'08 | FY’09     FY’10 | TOTAL |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| MIE |  |  | 0 | 0 | 5860 | 3420         390 | 9670 |
| R&D |  |  | 2855 | 4420 |   340 |       0          0 | 7615 |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Total                               |  |  | 2855 | 4420 | 6200 | 3420         390 | 17285 |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

- MINERA Costs

- Costs (in k$) - including contingency, escalation and burdened
- We are revisiting all costs in detail for baselining
- R&D only in FY06-07, Mostly Construction Funds in FY08-10

## Proposed Schedule

- 2006 Continue R&D with Vertical Slice Test
- 2007 Multi-plane Tracking Prototype:
- Roughly 20% of the full detector
- Full EM Pb Calorimeter, no hadron Calorimeter
- Tests to be performed
- Scintillator spacing uniformity
- Plane uniformity across many planes
- Planes stacked as close as physics dictates?
- How to replace PMT Boxes /front end boards
- 2008 Construction Begins
- 2009 Cosmic Ray Data and hopefully
- 			some neutrino data

## MINERA

**MINER********A results will dramatically improve our knowledge of how low-energy neutrinos interact with matter and help minimize the systematic errors of current and future neutrino oscillation experiments.****	****	****	****	****	****	****	**
- This unique and critical FNAL role in the world neutrino efforts can be accomplished with a modest-scale project because of the investment in NuMI.
- MINERA is on track technically to build and use the detector.
- R&D and prototyping progressing well
- FNAL personnel play important roles in many parts of the experiment!

## Backup Slides

## Event Rates 13 Million total CC events in a 4 - year run

- Assume 16**.0x**1020** in LE********ME, and sHE NuMI beam configurations in 4 years**

**Fiducial Volume = 3 tons CH, ≈  0.6 t C, ≈ 1 t Fe  and ≈ 1 t Pb**
**Expected CC event samples:**
**8.6 M ******** events in CH**
**1.5 M ******** events in C**
** ****1.5 M ******** events in Fe**
** ****1.5 M ********events in Pb**

**Main CC Physics Topics (Statistics in CH)**** **
**Quasi-elastic**** ****	****	****	****	****0.8 M events **
**Resonance Production**** ****	****	****	****1.6 M total**
**Transition: Resonance to DIS****	****	****2 M events**
**DIS, Structure Fncs. and high-x PDFs**** ****	****4.1 M DIS events**
**Coherent Pion Production****	********85 K CC / 37 K NC**
**Strange and Charm Particle Production**** ****	****> 230 K fully reconstructed events**
**Generalized Parton Distributions ****	****	****order 10 K events****	**
**Nuclear Effects**** ****	****	****	****C:1.4 M, Fe: 2.9 M and Pb: 2.9 M**

##    MINERA Detector

**DS HCAL:**
**30 tons**

**DS ECAL:**
**15 tons**

**Side HCAL:  116 tons**

**Fully**
**Active ****Target:**
**8.3 tons**

**Nuclear****Targets:**
**6.2 tons****(40% scint.)**

**Side ECAL Pb:  0.6 tons**

## Example Events

- 0 Production
- two photons clearly resolved (tracked).  can find vertex.
- some photons shower in ID,some in side ECAL (Pb absorber) region
- photon energy resolution is ~6%/sqrt(E) (average)

- 

- 

- 

## Vital Statistics of MINERA

| Number of Channels | 30992 |
| --- | --- |
| Channels in ID+CALS | 25088 |
| Channels in OD | 5904 |
| Volume of Scintillator (m3) | 22.5 |
| WLS Fiber (km) | 90.7 |
| Clear Fiber (km) | 41.6 |
| Number of M-64 PMTs | 503 |
| Mass of ID (metric tons) | 10.8 |
| Mass of OD in ID region (metric tons) | 98.0 |
| Mass of CALS, Nuclear Targets (metric tons) | 27.2 |
| Mass of OD in CAL region (metric tons) | 62.9 |
| Total MINERvA Mass (metric tons) | 199 |
| Plastic Region Mass (metric tons) | 5.87 |
| Data Rate (bits/spill) | 7.9E+6 |

- Vital Statistics of MINERA

## Old NOA vs New NOA 

**What about the change from old NOvA design to new design?**
- New:  Signal has more resonance contributions, more poorly known process

- Based on “old” NOA Design