# Presentation: 145826

## 存款保险在促进农村金融发展中的作用 The Role of Deposit Insurance on Promoting Development of  Rural finance 

- 颜海波
- Yan Haibo
- 中国人民银行  金融稳定局
- The People’s bank of China  Financial Stability Bureau
- MAY 22th 2008

## 中国政府十分重视维护金融稳定和保护存款人权益问题 Chinese Government Highlights the issues of depositor protection and financial stability

**1993****年《国务院关于金融体制改革的决定》指出“要建立存款保险基金,保障社会公众利益”。**
**It was stated in “State Council’s decision on Financial Regime Reform” of 1993 that the deposit insurance fund should be established to protect public interests.**
**1997****年召开的全国金融工作会议就明确提出要“逐步建立城乡信用社存款保险制度”  **
**It was stated in National Finance Working Conference of 1997 that the deposit insurance scheme should be established gradually.**
**2007****年召开的全国金融工作会议提出要加快建立存款保险制度, **
**It was stated in 2007 National Finance Working Conference that the deposit insurance system construction in China should be accelerated.**

## 存款保险制度的基本功能The Basic Functions of Deposit Insurance System

- 增强存款人对金融体系的信心,防止银行挤兑,维护金融稳定
- Strengthen depositors’ confidence in financial system, prevent bank runs and maintain financial stability
- 促进市场监督,降低受保机构的经营风险,促进金融机构健康发展
- Promote market discipline, reduce the risks of insured institutions and promote the healthy operation of financial institutions
- 促进受保机构间公平竞争,提高经营效率,提升受保金融机构的市场竞争力
- Promote the fair competition among insured institutions, enhance operational efficiency, lift the competitiveness of insured institutions
- 有助于完善市场退出机制,确保金融市场良性循环,健康发展
- Helpful to improve market-exit mechanism, ensure the benign cycle of financial market and the market’s healthy development

## 存款保险制度通过促进农村金融机构发展将有利于农村地区经济的发展Deposit Insurance System is helpful for the development of rural areas by promoting rural financial institutions’ development

- 中国服务于农村地区的金融机构除中国农业银行、农业发展银行和中国邮政储蓄银行外,还是主要是以中小金融机构为主体。截止到2007年年底,我国共有农村商业银行17家,农村合作银行113家,农村信用社8348家,村镇银行19家,贷款公司4家,农村资金互助社8家。
- Most Chinese rural financial institutions were middle or small sized although we do have several large rural financial institutions like Agricultural Bank of China, China Agricultural Development Bank and China Postal Savings Bank. As of the end of 2007, there are 17 rural commercial banks, 113 rural cooperative banks, 8348 rural credit cooperatives, 19 county banks, 4 loan companies and 8 rural fund cooperatives.
- 建立覆盖农村中小金融机构的存款保险制度将有利于增加农民对整个农村金融机构的信心,促进农村居民安心于在当地农村金融机构存款和贷款,从而促进农村金融机构的发展。
- The deposit insurance system which covers the rural financial institutions will be useful to strengthen farmers’ confidence in rural financial institutions, promote the development of rural financial institutions by promoting deposits and loans in rural areas.

## 农村金融机构为我国农村经济发展提供了大量资金Rural financial institutions have provided a lot of funds to rural area economic development in China 

-  2007年,农村信用社共提供农业贷款1.43万亿元,占其各项贷款的比例为46%
- In 2007, the agricultural loans from rural credit cooperatives amounted to 1.43 trillion RMB yuan, which was 46% of aggregate loans of rural credit cooperatives.
- 向农户贷款的余额为1.16万亿元,农户贷款户数达到7817万户
-   Loans to farmers balanced at 1.16 trillion RMB yuan, covering 78.17 million households of farmers.
- 农户贷款覆盖面达到32.8%,受惠农民超过3亿。
-    About 32.8% farmers have benefited from above loans, meaning the coverage of 0.3 billion persons.

## 我国农村金融机构较为脆弱,其倒闭的外溢效应强 China’s rural financial institutions are fragile and their failures have strong spill-over effects

- 我国农村金融机构历史包袱沉重,因经营不善而发生倒闭的可能性较大,是目前我国金融体系中较为薄弱的环节
-        1 国家出台的对农村金融机构贷款利率浮动的优惠政策并没有产生实际效果
-        2 农村金融机构税负相对过重
-        3长期的经营不善
-          With heavy historical burden, rural financial institutions in China were fragile and had a high probability of failure due to inefficient operation. They are also the weak parts of Chinese financial system.
-         1 The favor policy of loan interest rate flexibility that central government delivered to rural financial institutions did not play its role as it was supposed to.
-         2 The heavy tax burden on rural financial institutions
-        3  long-time inefficient operation
- 我国农村金融机构迁涉面广,风险传染性强,负外部性较大
-      1 从资金来源看
-        2 从农民的金融风险教育程度来看
-        Chinese rural financial institutions were vastly distributed.They also suffered from risk contagion and had shown negative externalities
-      1. A look at from funds’ resource
-      2. A look at from farmers’ education level

## 我国农村金融机构较为脆弱,其倒闭的外溢效应强 China’s rural financial institutions are fragile and their failures have strong spill-over effects

- 农村的金融稳定关系到整个农村地区的经济和社会稳定
- Financial stability of rural areas concerned the economic and social stability for the whole rural areas
- 银行存款是中国农民主要生活和社会保障的经济来源。由于我国农村地区的社会保障制度和医疗保障制度目前仍不完善,农民主要依靠自身的积累来为养老和医疗提供保障。一旦农村金融机构倒闭,农民的储蓄存款面临损失,将会影响到更多的中小存款人,可能导致更大的社会不稳定。
- Deposits were the major resources of Chinese peasants’ life and social security. Since the social security and medicare system in rural areas were still in progress, peasants had to rely on themselves to strengthen above security. In case of any rural financial institution failure, deposits of farmers will suffer the loss, the interests of middle or small depositors will be impaired and social instability may concern.

## 存款保险制度将促进农村金融机构的平等竞争,并有利于其市场化发展Deposit Insurance System was helpful to promote the fair competition among rural financial institutions and to their market-oriented developments

- 我国农村金融机构普遍规模偏小,资产质量较低,盈利能力不强.2007年单个农村信用社资产约为5亿元,单个农村商业银行资产约为360亿元,单个农村合作银行资产约为60亿元。
-    Chinese rural financial institutions were small-sized.They were not good at asset quality and making profits. In 2007, the average asset for the rural credit cooperatives amounted to 0.5 billion RMB yuan. For rural commercial banks, the average asset amounted to 36 billion RMB yuan while for rural cooperative banks, the average asset amounted to 6 billion RMB yuan.
- 农村金融机构公司治理结构不尽合理,体制改革尚未完成.目前农村信用社产权制度改革取得较大进展,农村金融市场竞争机制建设取得新突破。但农村中小金融机构仍然存在许多不足
-    The corporate governance system of rural financial institutions was flawed and the related reform had not finished. Despite of the achievements we have made in the shareholding reform of rural credit cooperatives and the progresses we have made in introducing a competitive mechanism in rural financial market, the middle and small sized rural financial institutions still suffered from a lot of weakness.

## 加快建立存款保险制度 Accelerating the establishment of deposit insurance system

- 建立覆盖所有存款类金融机构的存款保险制度
-   All the depository financial institutions should be covered by the system.
- 考虑农村金融机构的特点,在制度设计上,如保费费率等要与其它城市商业银行有所区别。
- Considering the features of rural financial institutions, they should be treated differently from other city commercial banks in terms of deposit insurance requirements,like assessments

## 谢谢大家!Thanks!