# Presentation: 532340

## ADS-B An Industry Perspective

- New Technologies Workshop
- Washington, DC
- January 10, 2007

## ADS-BAutomatic Dependent Surveillance - Broadcast

- Why?
- Why so soon?
- Why does the FAA support ADS-B?
- Why might the aviation community support ADS-B?
- Why is the FAA developing a Proposed Rule for ADS-B?

## ADS-B Why?

- Reduce Surveillance Costs for FAA
- Surveillance applied in locations where radar does not exist today.
- Gulf of Mexico
- Mountainous Airports
- Superior update rate
- Facilitates reduced separation standards
- Facilitates future capacity enhancements
- Much of the JPDO CONOPS hinges around ADS-B type applications.

## ADS-B Why so soon?

- Ground Based infrastructure replenishment decisions in the 2020 timeframe drive commitments today.
- Retrofit cycles
- GA (10 year equipage cycle)
- Commercial Aviation ( 7 year cycle)
- Assumes up to 10 years of prior development to field the avionics
- Question might be why so long?

## ADS-BWhy does the FAA support ADS-B?

- Transition from ground based surveillance to satellite centric operations
- Divestment
- Strategic Investment decision with positive long term cost / benefit
- Support aviation community demand
- Enhances safety and capacity

## ADS-BWhy might the aviation community support ADS-B?

- General Aviation
- Flight Information Service – Broadcast (FIS-B)
- Traffic Information System - Broadcast (TIS-B)
- Supports reduced costs imposed by FAA
- Situational Awareness and Safety enhancements akin to current Capstone program in Alaska

## ADS-BWhy might the aviation community support ADS-B?

- Commercial Aviation
- Supports future reductions in separation standards from current standards to meet  2020-2025 demand.
- 5 mile enroute / 3 mile terminal separation standards are unlikely to meet this demand
- Supports future capacity enhancements
- With navigation enhancements, will benefit arrival and departure rates
- Establishes the foundation for future cockpit safety and situational applications
- VFR like separations in some cases
- Surface surveillance applications

## ADS-BWhy is the aviation community working through RTCA to develop recommendations for a Proposed Rule associated with ADS-B?

- Establishes a collaborative model where FAA and aviation community develop the future in a collaborative manner
- “Road to NexGen” passes through ADS-B
- Lays the foundation for future system enhancements
- Addresses many of the “transition” issues of moving to a aircraft centric NAS

## Challenges

- The Transition Plan
- The Equipage Curves
- The Cost Benefit story
- The Consequences of Failure

## Transition Plan

- The Proposed Rule
- Accomplished in the 2007 – 2010 timeframe
- The Implementation Begins
- Gulf of Mexico and Eastern Seaboard
- 2010 timeframe
- The ADS-B Infrastructure
- Deployment complete in 2015 timeframe
- Benefit accrues to early equippers
- The Effectivity Date (2020 timeframe)
- Near 100% equipage is required
- Ground Based Radar removals begin

## Equipage Curves

- G A uses a 10 year equipage cycle
- GPS or GPS / WAAS requirements
- Challenges relative to backup scenario where surveillance source (GPS) is not available
- Regional Community uses 7 year retrofit
- Lack of Inertial introduces GPS backup concerns
- Augmentation may be required
- Commercial Carriers use 7 year retrofit cycle
- Augmentation may be required

## Cost Benefit story

- Business Case is annualized through 2035
- Pay back to FAA and to Aviation Community is not immediate
- Aviation Community ADS-B business assessment is challenging
- Lays the groundwork for future benefit
- Establishes the foundation for enhanced Surveillance and Navigation

## Cost Benefit story

- Fundamental Issues/Questions are:
- Do you believe in the projections of at least double current capacity in 2020 -2025?
- Do you believe “the transition” ever goes away?
- Do you believe the service provider or the aviation community can make fundamental, “earth changing” decisions in isolation?

## Consequences of Failure

- Do you believe in the projections of at least double current capacity in 2020 -2025?
- 100+ seater projections
- 13000 today
- 27000 by 2025
- Do you believe “the transition” ever goes away?
- Plans and Vision are easy
- Transitions are Hard
- Do you believe the service provider or the aviation community can make fundamental, “earth changing” decisions in isolation?
- JPDO vision of 2025
- We’re having difficulty in delivering ADS-B “out” by 2020

## Summary

- One thing for sure, we need to move in this direction over time.
- Don’t want to have to re-equip again before 2025.
- Retrofits or deliveries accomplished today need to support 2025 applications
- Don’t want to change the aircraft architecture
- Don’t want throw away equipment