# Presentation: 396666

## Temperature-Dynamic Algorithms 

**Convert TEOM Concentrations **

**To**
** **
**FRM-Like Values**

**In Real Time**

## The non-FDMS instruments in this report are

**R&P TEOMS** with **SES Dryers**.
- The instruments are operated at
**30 Degrees C**.
- They are located at **Troost Street** in downtown
**Kansas City, Missouri**
-  and at **Blair Street **in** **downtown** **
**St. Louis, Missouri .**
- The instrument and collocated R&P 2025 FRMs at Troost Street are operated by the
**Environmental Services Program**, a Missouri state
- air monitoring agency.
- The Blair Street instrument and collocated 2025 FRM are operated by the **St. Louis City Health Department**.
- .

## For Temperatures Above 288K  

**                   **
** ****FRM = RT *( .9301)  +  K *( -.04479)  + 11.86**
**	****	****	****	****	****	****	****             **
**For Temperatures Between 273K(0****o****C) and  288K(15****o****C)**
**  **
** ****FRM = RT *(1.38)  +  K *( -.336) + 90.77****	**
**	****	****	****	****	****	****            **
**For Temperatures Below 273K**
**                   **
**                    ****FRM = RT * (1.42)  +  K *(.029)   -   9.06**

**FORMULA  SET  FOR   SES  TEOMS**

- Raw TEOM Value = RT
- Kelvin Temp = K
- Corrected Value = FRM

## Slide 4

## Slide 5

## with a photograph of the

- These pages provide the local public
- with a **photograph** of the
-  **current conditions**
- supplemented with a current
**color coded** **concentration**
- of ozone and 2.5 particulate.

## Slide 7

## Slide 8

## The formulas for both sites were obtained using over a year’s worth 

- of 24-hour temperature averages, 24-hour TEOM concentrations,
- and their corresponding 24-hour FRM concentrations.
- These data were processed in an Excel spread sheet using the
- function **Linest**.
- This function performs a linear regression between a known Y
-  data set and a data set containing multiple X variables.
- The function produces slopes(m) for each X variable and
- one combined offset(b).
- The general form of the conversion equation is:
-              Y         =          m1*X1 +        m2*X2     +     b
- or
- Corrected TEOM       =    m1 *Kelvin + m2 * Raw TEOM + offset

## Setting these formulas

-  to function real time
- in the ESC System
-  is rather tricky,
-  so I thought I would spend some time
-  going over the
-  **general procedure.**

## First:

-  You must establish a raw data channel from the TEOM (PM25TEOM).

## Second: 

- For the functions to work you need a Kelvin temperature channel (TEMPK).
-  This is usually a math channel that converts the normal station ambient temperature channel to Kelvin degrees. The source for our temperature data is the temperature probe on the 2025 which is verified every two weeks.

## Third: 

- You need to set alarm flags on the KTEMP channel. Start by pushing the validate button on the channel setup page then set the low low alarm flag at 273 and the high high alarm flag at 288.

## Fourth: 

- You need to set up a math channel
- (PM25CORR)
- whose value = (K3*TEMPK+K4*PM25TEOM+K5)

## Fifth: 

- This brings us to the (K) constants that must be set in the system. There is a special menu for setting constants. All constants have a primary value and up to two alternate values. You need to set the constants for the **mid range** temperature formula as the **primary values**. K3 being the KTEMP coefficient, K4 being the PM25TEOM coefficient and K5 as the offset. The **secondary value** for each K factor will be the corresponding value from the **low range** temperature formula and the **tertiary value** for each K factor will be the corresponding value for the **high temperature** range.

- This example shows the set up for the KTEMP coefficient.
- Similar setups are used for the PM25TEOM K4 and offset K5 values.

## Slide 16

## Sixth:

- Associated with alarms is an option to trip pseudo switches using an **alarm program**. You must set up a program to set a switch (24) high when the high temperature alarm is tripped and another switch (25) high when the low temperature alarm is tripped. It makes no real difference which available switch numbers you use as long as it is not used in another program.

- The first available switch number starts at 8 above the number of physical analog channels. This logger has 16 physical channels.

## Slide 18

## These switches can now be referenced in the K factors PATTERNS to

-  determine which set of values, primary, secondary, or tertiary to use in
- the calculations .

## Now you are finally finished. 

- The corrected numbers will be calculated and averaged in real time.

- (If you haven’t made any mistakes)

## The Environmental Services Program

-  also operates 4 FDMS TEOM units.
-  These units are located throughout Missouri.
- For the last several months we have been testing a new FDMS to FRM conversion algorithm.
-  developed by **Tim Hanley** at EPA.
- This algorithm utilizes the same general system of three  temperature bands with separate formulas.
- The formulas vary the weight given to the reference channel when calculating the TEOM output.
- The temperature bands are also slightly different.

## For Temperatures Above 293K  

**                  **
**FRM = B **
**	****	****	****	****	****	****	****             **
**For Temperatures Between 271K(-2****o****C) and  293K(20****o****C)**
**  **
** ****FRM = B -  (R*((293-K )/22))**
**	****	****	****	****	****	****            **
**For Temperatures Below 271K**
**                   **
**                    ****FRM = B - R**

**FORMULA  SET  FOR  FDMS  TEOMS**

- Raw TEOM Base Value = B
- Raw TEOM Reference Value= R
- Kelvin Temp = K
- Corrected Value = FRM

## Slide 23

## Slide 24

## Slide 25

## Slide 26

## By next month all of Missouri’s FDMS units will be using TIM Hanley’s algorithm for

-  real time reporting.

## Are There Any Questions ??????

-  is much more complicated than we have time for.
- If any one is interested, please contact me (ron.stockett@dnr.mo.gov) 573-526-3361
- and I will arrange for our in-house expert to explain the method we use.

**Are There Any Questions ??????**