BEE-spoke-data/govdocs1-by-extension huggingface dataset:
# Presentation: 232720

## The BNL Chemistry (PHOBOS) group proposes to formally join Phenix as an “institution” after QM2005. 
6 Members (4 Run VI authors)
Two are already active in Phenix
Robert Pak
Already a PHENIX collaborator
Proposed new PHENIX IB member
Rachid Nouicer - Si expert
Two will become active now
Andrei Sukhanov 
Zhengwei Chai (RA)
Two plan to participate at the 20%level as non-authors (for Run VI)
Mark Baker (group leader)
Peter Steinberg

**6 Members (4 Run VI authors)**
**Two are already active in Phenix**
_**Robert Pak**_
**Already a PHENIX collaborator**
**Proposed new PHENIX IB member**
**Rachid Nouicer - Si expert**
**Two will become active now**
**Andrei Sukhanov **
**Zhengwei Chai (RA)**
**Two plan to participate at the 20%****level as non-authors (for Run VI)**
**Mark Baker (group leader)**
**Peter Steinberg**

**PHOBOS BNL Group**

**Proposal for a new Phenix group**

## Integration responsibilities in Phenix

-  **Pak **is “Integration & Aux. Systems Manager”, VTX
-  Involved in overall central region upgrade integration
-  Very active in Phenix for last 1.5 years
-  Full-time Collaboration Member for 1/2 year

## Enhancing the Si expertise of Phenix 

**ISU**

**RBRC**

**BNL**

**SBU**

-  _**Nouicer**_ is head of the BNL Si testing lab.
-  Active in Phenix VTX for ~ 1 year
-  Close collaboration with SBU, RBRC,ISU
-  Helping establish labs at SBU & UNM

## Group Activities

- PHENIX
- Continue to participate in the design, testing and construction of the VTX detector.
- Five of us signed the VTX proposal.
- Contribute to the operation of the VTX in 2009--
- Probable physics focus (using VTX)
- Heavy flavor vs.  & pT
- Event-by-event global fluctuations
- Participate in Run VI datataking and analysis
- Chai, Nouicer, _Pak_, Sukhanov
- PHOBOS
- Continued data analysis on old Run I-V data.
- ATLAS Heavy Ions

## Effort on PHENIX more than 3.5 FTEs
Mark Baker           ~20% PHENIX (non-author for run VI)
Rachid Nouicer     >50% PHENIX
Robert Pak            100% PHENIX
Peter Steinberg    ~20% PHENIX (non-author for run VI)
Andrei Sukhanov  100% PHENIX
Zhengwei Chai     ~50% PHENIX (RA)

- Mark Baker           ~20% PHENIX (non-author for run VI)
- Rachid Nouicer     >50% PHENIX
- Robert Pak            100% PHENIX
- Peter Steinberg    ~20% PHENIX (non-author for run VI)
- Andrei Sukhanov  100% PHENIX
- Zhengwei Chai     ~50% PHENIX (RA)

**PHOBOS BNL Group**

**Plan for FY2006**
# Presentation: 653515

## How  well  does  the  IRI / STORM Model Represent the Ionospheric Effects of the 2002-2004 Storms?

**E.A. Araujo-Pradere****1****, D. Bilitza****2****, T.J. Fuller-Rowell****1**

- 1SEC-NOAA and CIRES-University of Colorado,
-  325 Broadway R/SEC, Boulder, CO 80503 USA
- 2Raytheon, GSFC, Code 612.4, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA

**IRI2005 WORKSHOP **
- 27 June – 1 July, 2005
- Observatori de l’Ebre
- Roquetes, Spain

## SUMMARY

*We have compared the IRI predictions, with the STORM option on and off, against the observations from several stations distributed along different latitudes for the storms during the 2002-2004 time period. The improvement shows strong seasonal and geomagnetic activity dependencies, and a general improvement when the STORM option is ON.*

## PRECEDENTS

- A previous study compared IRI95 against IRI2000 with the STORM option ON for a series of disturbed events in the 2000 – 2001 interval.  The general results of this study were:
- %improvement (Northern Hemisphere) = 34%
- %improvement (Southern Hemisphere) = 20%
- RMSE per season:

| Average  | IRI00 |
| --- | --- |
| SUMMER | 1.01 |
| INT.SUMMER | 1.49 |
| EQUINOX | 1.54 |
| INT.WINTER | 1.44 |
| WINTER | 1.32 |

## Storm Intervals 

-  23 disturbed periods
-  5 days for each (120 hourly values)
-  23 events with ap greater than 100
-  6 events with ap greater than 230
-  maximum ap = 400
-  minimum ap = 111

## Stations 

- 35 stations from
- +88.8 GMLat to -51.4 GMLat

## SUMMER

## INTERMEDIATE

- SUMMER

## EQUINOX

## INTERMEDIATE

- WINTER

## WINTER

## Points to Keep in Mind when analyzing the stats

- The tabulated values are % improvement of RMSE, calculated as:
- RMSE values between ±10 are still in the variability band (they are not considered different from the STORM Off option)
- Although the STORM code provides values for the equatorial zone, the model is not designed to represent the equatorial band. No values of the 0-200 bin are offered in this presentation.
- The statistics were calculated **based on the storm days of the period.**

**%improvement = [(STORM Off – STORM On/STORM Off)*100]**

## SUMMER

**% Improvement of RMSE versus Ap for each latitude bin**

## INTERMEDIATE SUMMER

**% Improvement of RMSE versus Ap for each latitude bin**

## EQUINOX

**% Improvement of RMSE versus Ap for each latitude bin**

## INTERMEDIATE WINTER

**% Improvement of RMSE versus Ap for each latitude bin**

## WINTER

**% Improvement of RMSE versus Ap for each latitude bin**

## General Stats

| Average  | IRI00 |
| --- | --- |
| SUMMER | 1.01 |
| INT.SUMMER | 1.49 |
| EQUINOX | 1.54 |
| INT.WINTER | 1.44 |
| WINTER | 1.32 |

*for comparison*

*previous study*

## CONCLUSION

- The results of the present study, covering all geomagnetic storms in 2002-2004, show that the IRI/STORM model successfully capture the storm behavior, with RMSE values varying between 1.0 and 1.5 MHz, and an overall % on improvement around 35%, in good accord with the results obtained from the previous study.
# Presentation: 461750

## CPRS FUNCTIONALITY  V27 – Tab by Tab	

- Sheri Kreuz, RD, MBA
- IT Specialist, EPS/Clin2
- Salt Lake City OIFO
- Jessica Murphy, MD
- South Texas HCS

## Presentation Outline

- Introduction of VHA’s**C**omputerized **P**atient **R**ecord **S**ystem **G**raphical **U**ser **I**nterface
-  **CPRS GUI**
- Hands on experience using the CPRS Chart “Tab by Tab”

## CPRS: What is it?

- Integrated EMR for clinicians, managers, quality assurance staff, and researchers
- Graphical User Interface released in 1997
- Fast and easy-to-use system providinginformation through:
- clinical reminders
- results reporting
- expert system feedback
- Allows better decisions regarding orders and treatment.

## A truly integrated EMR!

- Progress Notes
- Problem List
- Vitals
- Pharmacy
- Lab
- Radiology
- Clinical Images

- Surgery Reports
- Allergy Tracking
- Consults
- Dietetics
- Patient Administration
- Patient Care Encounter
- Clinical Lexicon

## Slide 5

## CPRS Success = Dedicated Staff

**System Design and Development Staff**
**Subject matter expert groups**
- providing feedback for product improvement
**VAMC Test Sites**
- testing, testing and more testing!
**Front line patient care providers**
- Providing feedback
**Clinical Application Coordinators**
- customize, tweaking, training
**National Training and Education Office**
**National support & troubleshooting teams**

## EMR Statistics*

- Documents  (Notes, Discharge Summaries, Reports)
- +640,500 each workday
- Orders
- +960,200 each workday
- Digital Images
- +913,500 each workday
- Meds Administered
- 	+620,400 each workday
- Vital Sign Measurements
- 	+726,800 each workday

- *Statistics as of March 2007

## SIGN ON PROCEDURES

- Find your student number by your computer.
- ## is your student number,
- Your Access code: **##vehu**
- Your Verify Code: **vehu##**
**Electronic Signature Code:**** vehu##**
- Find the patient that corresponds to your number, ( I will be using zero,patient)

## Questions on Cards Provided
# Presentation: 723642

## Delta Connection Flight 6448Operated by Shuttle America

- Operational Issues

## Operational Issues

- Notices to Airmen (NOTAM)
- Instrument approach minimums
- Decision-making during approach
- Touchdown point
- Use of reverse thrust
- Use of brakes

## Notices to Airmen (NOTAMs)

- NOTAMs affecting runways
- Minimums raised to localizer only
- Glideslope remains in service but angle may be different than published
- Neither pilot read NOTAMs
- Information should have been evaluated during preflight activities

## Instrument Approach Minimums 

## Instrument Approach Minimums

- Pilots received indications glideslope functioning
- LOC (GS out) minimum descent altitude (MDA) of 429 feet should have been used
- ILS decision height (DH) of 227 feet used
- Missed approach likely with MDA instead of DH
- Pilots did not see runway environment at 429 feet

## Decision-making During Approach

- Captain lost sight of runway at 80 feet
- Captain called for go-around
- First officer continued
- Missed approach required if
- Flight visibility less than visibility prescribed in instrument approach procedure, or
- Approach lighting and runway environment not visible at or below DH or MDA

## Decision-making During Approach

- First officer lost sight of runway at altitude of about 10 feet but continued to land
- Rejected landing training is required
- No requirement for changing weather conditions
- Can be accomplished in unrestricted weather conditions

## Touchdown Point

- Target: 1,000 feet
- Company guidance: no farther than 2,006 feet
- Touchdown: 2,900 feet
- About halfway down 6,017-foot runway

## Use of Reverse Thrust

- Company guidance – maximum at main gear touchdown
- Until 80 knots, or
- To full stop during emergency
- Not commanded until about 5 seconds after main gear touchdown
- Reached about 65 percent for about 2 seconds before tapering off

## Use of Brakes

- Company guidance – full braking on slippery runways
- Initial brake application with about 1,850 feet runway remaining
- Light braking
- Increased braking to 90 percent of maximum with about 450 feet remaining

## Slide 11
# Presentation: 003392

## Dynamics of Strained Film Growth on Vicinal SubstratesM. Yoon1,2, W. Hong3, H.N. Lee1, H. M. Christen1, Z. Suo3, Z. Zhang1,21 Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 2The University of Tennessee, 3 Harvard University

- We propose a model of persistent step flow, emphasizing dominant kinetic processes and strain effects. Within this model, we construct a morphological phase diagram, delineating a regime of step flow from regimes of step bunching and island formation. In particular, we predict the existence of concurrent step bunching and island formation, a new growth mode that competes with step flow for phase space, and show that the deposition flux and temperature must be chosen within a window in order to achieve persistent step flow. The model rationalizes the diverse growth modes observed in pulsed laser deposition of SrRuO3 on SrTiO3.

*[W. Hong, H.N. Lee, M. Yoon, H. M. Christen, D. H. Lowndes, Z. Suo, Z. Zhang, Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 095501 (2005)]*

## [M. Yoon, H.N. Lee, W. Hong, H. M. Christen, Z. Zhang,  Z. Suo, Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 055503 (2007)]

- When a heteroepitaxial film is grown on a vicinal substrate, the terrace steps at the growth front may
- bunch together to relieve strain, resulting in a rough surface. On the other hand, proper manipulation of the
- growth kinetics may suppress the inherent bunching instability, thus preserving step-flow growth. Here we
- show that the step dynamics in the early stages of growth can already determine whether the bunching
- instability is truly suppressed, prior to bunching actually taking place in the unstable regime. We
- determine the critical film thickness above which steps will bunch and exploit its scaling properties
- and usefulness for extracting intrinsic energy parameters. Experimental studies of SrRuO3 films grown on
- vicinal SrTiO3 substrates clearly establish the existence of the critical film thickness in step bunching.

- A schematic view of the critical thickness c as a
- function of the average terrace width L..
- Experimental confirmation of the existence of critical thickness
# Presentation: 769318

## Spray Quench System for Directional Solidification Furnaces  Isothermal Systems Research, Inc. (ISR)Clarkston, WA

**Innovation**
- A miniature solenoid-operated pressure swirl atomizer which     produces a wide, full-cone spray.

**Accomplishments**
- Spray cooling has the highest performance potential of all the heat removal methods.  However, the spray quality is critical to achieving this potential.  The key accomplishment is a valved micro-atomizer which does produce the appropriate spray characteristics.
- The controlled quench system has the potential to significantly reduce the water usage on space-based materials quenching experiments.  Reduced operating pressure requirements can also result in a system weight savings.
**Commercialization**
- A prototype system will demonstrate the capability for advanced, high speed qualification testing and speed grading of processor die.
- Efforts are underway to integrate the controlled quench system into a light bulb manufacturing process for reduced operating cost, and improved product yield.
- Controlled spray quenching will have many applications in industrial processes such as extruding, direct chill aluminum casting, and heat treating.
- The actuated atomizer has potential use as a gasoline injector; it is much smaller, has lower operating pressure requirements, and produces superior atomization over current injector technology.

**Government/Science Applications**
- Supports NASA materials research programs which require high cooling rates, controlled cooling rates, or minimization of coolant use.
- The control system capability needs to be expanded to cover a broader range of cooling requirements.

- Controlled Spray Quench Ring for the Directional Solidification Furnace

- Points of Contact:
-    -  NASA (Denise Swain; 256/544-8112)
-    -  Isothermal Systems Research (Charles Tilton; 509/758-2613)
- 1994 SBIR Phase 2; NAS8-40644

- Marshall Space Flight Center
- Date of Update:	9/11/98
- Success Story #:	8-021

## Slide 2
# Presentation: 147172

## Using Latin Flavor and Style to Recruit and Retain Diverse Employees

## Old San Juan, Puerto Rico

**Old San Juan, Puerto Rico**

**Miami, Florida**

**Los Angeles, California**

## Who We Are...

**Who We Are...**

***E.W. Scripps***

***Scripps Networks***

## Innovator

**Ken Lowe, Founder of HGTV**

## Slide 5

## Difficulties of Recruiting to Knoxville

**  ****Location**
**  ****Salary Sticker Shock**
**  ****Lack of Diversity Candidates**

## Knoxville

**Selling Points**

**Quality of Life**

**Scenery**

**Affordable Living**

**People Friendly**

**The VOLS!**

**Knoxville**

## Salary Sticker Shock

**We value positions competitively in local market place regardless of where the market is (i.e., LA, NY, Knoxville, Charlotte).**

## Industry Experience

**Lack of similar-type companies within our geographic area (i.e., Warner Brothers, HBO, BET, etc.).**

## Lack of Diversity Candidates

**If they don’t apply, I can’t recruit.**

## How Do We Handle Our Challenges?

**Honesty with Candidate **
**Share community resources and be a resource yourself**
**Be flexible to needs / give latitude**

## Recruiting    Retention

**Recruiting    Retention**

## Diversity is about total inclusion...  It’s not only race and ethnicity, it includes among others:

**  ****Veterans**
**  ****Disabled Persons**
**  ****Persons With Growth Disability**

## Latin Flavor and Style

**I use my personal and business experiences to make the diverse new employee feel welcomed, make their life easier, and make their transition seamless.**

## Loyal Employee / Building Trust with New Employee

## Does It Matter?

**All candidates want to be treated with respect throughout the hiring process.**
**All new employees want to feel...**
**Welcomed**
**Right choice**
**Valued as an integral part of the organization**

## In a Nutshell

**Treat everyone how you would like to be treated...   **
_**it’s that simple!**_

## GRACIAS!
# Presentation: 527985

## Ryan SmithNOAA/AOML/PhOD4301 Rickenbacker CausewayMiami, FL 33149

**Ryan Smith****NOAA/AOML/PhOD****4301 Rickenbacker Causeway****Miami, FL 33149**

**AOML / PHOD***research vessel supported*
**FIELD OPERATIONS**

## Multiple Projects / Multiple VesselsNOAA strategic goals: Climate, Ecosystems 

**Multiple Projects / Multiple Vessels****NOAA strategic goals: Climate, Ecosystems**** **

## Coastal Operations

**Coastal Operations**

## Blue-Water Operations

**Blue-Water Operations**

## InterdisciplinaryProjects

**Interdisciplinary****Projects**

## NF-07-06  March / April 2007How are the shallow banks south of the Virgin Islands ecologically linked to regional reef fish larval dispersal, transport, and life-history patterns?

**NF-07-06  March / April 2007***How are the shallow banks south of the Virgin Islands ecologically linked to regional reef fish larval dispersal, transport, and life-history patterns?*

## NOAA Ship NANCY FOSTER Suggested equipment upgrades:- dual research winches (CTD operations and net tow / mooring operations)- workspace for dissolved oxygen and salinity sample analysis-  full ocean depth sounding capabilities (active and passive modes)

**NOAA Ship NANCY FOSTER ****Suggested equipment upgrades:***- dual research winches (CTD operations and net tow / mooring operations)**- workspace for dissolved oxygen and salinity sample analysis**-  full ocean depth sounding capabilities (active and passive modes)*
# Presentation: 093369

## WILDLIFE MANAGEMENTAt WALLOPS FLIGHT FACILITY

- Environmental Office
- Code 250

- August 2000

## Wildlife Management Program

- Active management for years
- Historical driver is airport safety
- Regulatory Drivers FAA Safety Regulations and the Endangered Species Act

- August 2000

## Threatened and Endangered Species

- Piping Plover and Wilson’s Plover are protected by land use restrictions during breeding season.
- American Bald Eagle protected by land use restrictions during breeding season.
- Peregrine Falcon breeding success is monitored at Wallops Island nesting tower.

- August 2000

## Federal Aviation Safety Regulations (Historical)

- Habitat Modification
- Aircrew Warnings
- Harassment
- Removal by limited hunting in accordance with DNR permits.

-  Wildlife Hazard Control Program, Appendix F of _Range Safety Mission Handbook_

- August 2000

## Deer and Small Mammals (Now)

- 14 month assessment by USDA/APHIS/WS to determine species population statistics
- Control Methods
- Fencing surrounding Aircraft Operations Area.
- Habitat Modification by removing or altering vital food, cover, and shelter.
- USDA/APHIS/WS sharp shooting program for deer and trapping of small mammals.

- August 2000

## Migratory and non-Migratory Birds (Now)

- 14 month assessment by USDA/APHIS/WS to determine species population statistics
- Control Measures
- Pyrotechnics for emergency dispersal of birds on airfield.
- Propane Cannons for emergency dispersal of birds on airfield.
- USDA/APHIS/WS sharp shooting program for deer and trapping of birds.

- August 2000
# Presentation: 788143

## Operational Requirements 

**Operational Requirements **
**and the Current State of the Science**
**- GMU PANEL 1**
**Mark Miller/Debbie Payton**
**NOAA/NOS/ORR**
**response.restoration.noaa.gov**

## Agency Requirements for ATD Modeling	

- Under the National Contingency Plan, NOAA (OR&R) provides scientific support to the Federal On-Scene Coordinator for spills of oil or other hazardous materials.
- Under ESF-10 of the Federal Response Plan NOAA is responsible for predicting pollutant movement, dispersion and characteristics (atmospheric or marine) over time
- Supporting joint EPA CAMEO program that provides tools for end users to meet regulatory needs of EPCRA and CAA-RMP

## Insert SSC map slide

## Slide 4

## Miscellaneous

## Slide 6

## History of ALOHA

- 1984  4.x and earlier versions
- 1986  4.x for outside distribution
- 1990  5.0 - Heavy Gas and S(t)
- 1992  5.1 - Windows version released
- 1995  5.2 - improvements in dispersion & source
- 1999  5.2.2 - Chemlib changes, pipe changes
- 2002  5.2.3 - plotting changes, upgraded chemicals
- 2003  5.3.?-  aqueous solutions, smart LOCs, computation

## Present Design Criteria

- Quick to set up and run in the field
- Cues for infrequent users
- Ask ?s that can reasonably be answered
- Minimize inputs/reasonable defaults
- Variable I/O units
- Easily Interpreted Output
- Graphical/text
- Variety of output options

## Design Challenges

- Data sparse environment
- Limited knowledge of uncertainty(ies)
- Guiding users
- 	to credible
- 	science

## Guidance

- NOTES and WARNINGS

- HELP!!

## Ensuring expected Results 

- Sensitivity analysis
- Algorithm checking
- Usability testing
- Model to model comparisons
- Comparisons to field data

## Usability Testing

*No model can reasonably be evaluated independent of the context in which it is to be used*

## ALOHA Strengths	

- Link to CAMEO (80K synonyms, 6K chems, 15K identification numbers, 10K organizations)
- Link to simple mapping capability (MARPLOT)
- Training tool/intuition builder
- Usability, accessibility, fitness to purpose
- Transportability
- Responsive technical support

## ALOHA weaknesses	

- Length/Time scale (10 km/60 minute)
- Pure chemicals only (no rad, no bio)
- Liquids in pipes as a source/dual end ruptures
- No flammables (jet/pool fires)
- No explosives (UCVE, BLEVE)
- No multiple met data input capability
- Elevated dense-gas releases
- Time dependent meteorology
- Releases on or over water
- No Complex topography

## Shortcomings in supporting Agency Requirements

- Better dispersion model education/coordination
- Connections between the front/middle/end of the problem
- Understanding/Conveying Uncertainties
- Understanding of Model Sensitivities
- Flammables/Explosives

## Slide 16

## Continued DevelopmentGoal:  Keep Focus on First Responder

- Multiple LOCs at a time
- Aqueous Solutions
- F & E as either calculators or part of ALOHA?
- Water reactive calculations for byproduct source strengths (calculator?)
- Enhance network/web capabilities

## Slide 18

## Slide 19
# Presentation: 271669

##   NOMADS users have demonstrated the need for format neutral access to high volume model sub-sets (5TB w/ ~1 million downloads/month). 

-  A NOMADS Satellite Data Access Server using an Open GIS Consortium (OGC) Web Coverage Service (WCS) protocol is proposed.
- WCS is widely accepted by geospatial and Earth science communities, supported by many commercial vendors, and becoming an ISO standard .
-  It is the next “services based” step for the highly  successful NOMADS pilot.

*A NOMADS OGC Satellite Server*

## The NOMADS Philosophy

*The NOMADS Philosophy*

_**Multiple paths to format independent data access:**_

- Advancing Collaborations

## A NOMADS OGC Extension

**Web Coverage **
**Server**
***(new)***

**WCS Client**

- Prototype Archive
- Satellite Swath Data

- Advanced satellite
- functions and access
- from GIS clients

- Standard Functions
- e.g. subsetting
- Custom Functions
- (Grads)

***A NOMADS OGC Extension***

- NOMADS Portal Development

## An NOMADS OGC Extension

- thru extensible libraries and OPeNDAP.  It is flexible enough
- to add a Open GIS Consortium (OGC) Web Coverage Service (WCS)
- needed for GIS users (ArcView/GRASS/Intergraph/others).
-  The OGC community y is a rapidly growing sector within Web
- services.  ESRI has beta OPeNDAP libraries available for this effort.
-  A services based architecture has been recommended by the IWGEO
- IEOS Data Management subgroup.  NOMADS is listed as a potential
- IEOS prototype.  A GIS capability greatly enhances the user base.

*An NOMADS OGC Extension*

- A demonstrated need

## A NOMADS OGC Extension

- The data model is FGDC CF-compliant.
- New functionality would include:
-  Georectification of Swath data (which is ungeorectified)
-  Resampling
-  Subsetting
-  Reprojection-To support more than 10 common projections.
-  Reformatting-To support more than 20 formats

*A NOMADS OGC Extension*

- Functional Enhancements

## A NOMADS OGC Extension

-   NCDC/GMU will integrate into existing NOMADS (and NCDC archive services).  NCDC will provide operational maintenance and enhancements as required.
-   A CLASS-NOMADS OGC Satellite Server will support CLASS efforts directly by demonstrating a prototype for a single point of entry for a services based architecture construct to format neutral access to model, satellite, and observational data.  Radar data thru ESML pending HPC proposal (Rutledge).

*A NOMADS OGC Extension*

- Responsibilities
# Presentation: 830406

## Rapid Microbiology Methods A Regulatory Viewpoint

- Bryan S. Riley, Ph.D.
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research
- Office of Pharmaceutical Science
- PDA
- Sterile Manufacturing Practices in the Third Millennium:
- A Regulatory and Industry Perspective
- Milan, Italy
- 23 - 25 June 2003

## FDA Experience

- Release Tests
- Microbial Limits
- Sterility
- Other
- Water
- Bioburden
- Environmental Monitoring

- Bryan S. Riley, Ph.D.

- 23 - 25 June 2003

## Micro Methods Overview

- Traditional Methods (plate counts, mpn)
- simple
- inexpensive
- accepted
- Rapid Methods
- fast
- sensitive

- Bryan S. Riley, Ph.D.

- 23 - 25 June 2003

## FDA Concerns

- Increased Sensitivity of Rapid Methods
- changing (raising?) microbial limits acceptance criteria
- Sterility Test “False Positives”
- clear criteria for invalidation of test result

- Bryan S. Riley, Ph.D.

- 23 - 25 June 2003

## Validation

- Test Organisms
- Compendial Organisms
- Environmental Isolates
- Sample Specific Issues
- Inhibition/Interference
- Parallel Testing

- Bryan S. Riley, Ph.D.

- 23 - 25 June 2003

## Validation

- Equivalent or Better?
- Guidance
- _PDA Technical Report 33_ - Evaluation, Validation and Implementation of New Microbiological Testing Methods
- _USP Draft Chapter <1223>_ - Validation of Alternative Microbiological Methods

- Bryan S. Riley, Ph.D.

- 23 - 25 June 2003

## FDA Initiatives

- Process Analytical Technology (PAT)
- Includes rapid micro
- Microbiology Subcommittee for ACPS
- GMP’s for the 21st Century
- Product specialists for inspections
- Dispute resolution process at Center level

- Bryan S. Riley, Ph.D.

- 23 - 25 June 2003

## Summary

- Rapid Methods vs. Traditional Methods
- Is there a comparison?
- Apprehension by Industry
- Why?

- Bryan S. Riley, Ph.D.

- 23 - 25 June 2003

## What Next?

- Meet with CDER Microbiologists
- Validation issues
- Filing requirements
- Submit applications containing rapid microbiology methods

- Bryan S. Riley, Ph.D.

- 23 - 25 June 2003
# Presentation: 863241

## EVENT 168

- π0  γ e**+** e**–**
**(1.2%) removed**

## Event 81

- Evt# 81
- Gamma1:  ThetaBin=420   PhiBin=213
- Reco  Energy = 4.87
- MC    Energy =  5.28
- Gamma2:  ThetaBin=417   PhiBin=204
- Reco  Energy = 4.39
- MC    Energy = 4.72

- Example of a ~symmetric decay

**Neighborhood Grads**

## γ1 “looks at” γ2

- Event 81

- γ1 “looks at” γ2
- layers used: 0--9

- γ2 “looks at” γ1
- layers used: 0--9

- distance, in number of cells

- distance, in number of cells

## Event 36

- Example of an asymmetric decay
- Evt# 36
- Rmin1 = 4 , Rmax1 = 9
- Rmin2 = 36, Rmax2 = 9   , DeltaR = 10
- Gamma1:   ThetaBin=420   PhiBin=288
- Box-Reco Energy=8.09    ( MC = 8.88 )
- Gamma2:   ThetaBin=410   PhiBin=289
- Box-Reco Energy=1.33    ( MC = 1.12 )

**Neighborhood Grads**

## γ1 “looks at” γ2

- Event 36

- γ1 “looks at” γ2
- layers used: 0--9

- γ2 “looks at” γ1
- layers used: 0--9

- distance, in number of cells

- distance, in number of cells

## γ1

- Event 48

- Evt# 48    (how it can get tricky...)
- Gamma1  Energy=8.10    MC =  9.50
- Gamma2  Energy=0.31    MC =  0.50

- γ1

- γ2

- “dirt”

**Neighborhood Grads**

## γ1 “looks at” γ2

- Event 48

- γ1 “looks at” γ2
- layers used: 0--9

- γ2 “looks at” γ1
- layers used: 0--9

- distance, in number of cells

- distance, in number of cells

- “dirt”

- “dirt”

- γ1

- γ2

- γ2

- γ1

- Note: “Grads” search was cylindrical (as opposed to directional, in theta and phi)

## Event 184

**Neighborhood Grads**

-     Evt# 184  ( A case of extreme asymmetry )
-     Gamma1: ThetaBin=419   PhiBin=1603
-     Reco Energy=9.45    ***MC Energy = 9.98***
-     Gamma2: ThetaBin=414   PhiBin=1588
-     Reco Energy=0.050  ***MC Energy=0.021***

## γ1

- γ1

- γ2

- γ2

**layers 0—9  cannot **
**detect  gamma_2**

**layers 10—19  **

**layers 20—29  **

**layers 0—9  **

- Rmin1 = 10 , Rmax1 = 13
- hsize1 = 13  , DeltaR = 15

- (*) clearly, any level of noise here turns this into an inefficiency...

- (*)

## Event 284

-    Evt# 284   (Gamma_2 is a late shower)
-    Gamma1: ThetaBin=419   PhiBin=1492
-    Reco Energy=7.91    MC Energy=8.04
-    Gamma2: ThetaBin=417   PhiBin=1483
-    Reco Energy=2.15     MC Energy=1.96

**Neighborhood Grads**

## γ1

- Rmin2 = 4
- Rmax2 = 8
- DeltaR = 9

- Rmin1 = 4
- Rmax1 = 7
- hsize1 = 5

- γ1

**layers 0—9  cannot **
**detect  gamma_2**

- γ1

- γ2

- γ2

- γ1

**layers 20—29  **

**layers 10—19  **

**layers 0—9  **

- γ1

- γ2
# Presentation: 707111

## NERC Compliance Enforcement Program: 2004 Results

- David W. Hilt
- May 4, 2005

## NERC Compliance Enforcement Program

- Actively monitor selected standards
- Some monitored every year
- Others periodically
- Central to reliability
- Standards vary
- Event-based
- Monthly
- Quarterly
- Annual

## Regionally Based Monitoring

- Regional programs monitor through:
- Self-assessment or self-certification
- Audit
- Investigation
- Regions report violations to NERC
- NERC posts quarterly and annual performance reports

## 2004 Program Results

- 318 violations reported
- Down from 360 in 2003
- Compliance improved
- From 95% in 2003 to 96% in 2004
- Excludes event-based violations

## 2004 Key Planning Results

| Level | Measure |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | III A S4 M4 Transmission Protection system maintenance and testing. |  | III D S1 M2 Consistency of UFLS programs with Regional requirements. |  | III D S1 M3 Implementation/ documentation of UFLS maintenance program.  |  |
|  | 2004 | 2003 | 2004 | 2003 | 2004 | 2003 |
| Level 1 | 6 | 16 | 25 | 42 | 8 | 15 |
| Level 2 | 13 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 10 | 2 |
| Level 3 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
| Level 4 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 4 | 1 | 5 |
|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |
| Total | 20 | 21 | 37 | 46 | 21 | 25 |
| % change from 2003 | -4.76% |   | -19.57% |   | -16.00% |   |

**Planning Measure Performance Comparison**

- Overall Compliance with key Planning Standards Improved in 2004

## 2004 Key Operating Results

**Operating Measure Performance Comparison**

| Level | Measure |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | P1 T1                  Control Performance |  | P2 T2                                       Operating Security Limit |  | P8 T2                     Operator Certification |  |
|  | 2004 | 2003 | 2004 | 2003 | 2004 | 2003 |
| Level 1 | 10 | 21 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 |
| Level 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Level 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 10 | 3 | 9 |
| Level 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 96 | 131 |
|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |
| Total | 11 | 25 | 1 | 14 | 103 | 143 |
| % change from 2003 | -56.00% |   | -92.86% |   | -27.97% |   |

- Overall Compliance with key Operating Measures Improved in 2004

## Cyber Security Standard 1200

- Compliance determined through self-reporting
- Improved compliance results
- 16 requirements
- Overall compliance improved
- 67 % beginning of 2004
- 89% beginning of 2005
- 88% for control areas
- 95% for reliability coordinators

## Vegetation Outage Reporting

- No violations of requirements reported
- Vegetation management plan
- Annual work plan
- Reporting of vegetation-related outages
- 38 outages reported

## 2004 Vegetation-related Outages

| Voltage Level | Category 1 | Category 2 | Total |     Outages per 100 miles |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | (within row) | (outside row)  | Outages |  |
| 230 kV | 5 | 26 | 31 | 0.031 |
| 345 kV | 3 | 4 | 7 | 0.012 |
| 500/765 kV | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| TOTAL | 8 | 30 | 38 | 0.019 |
| (230 kV and up) |  |  |  |  |
|   |   |   |   |   |
|     Critical Facilities Less than 200 kV | 0 | 5 | 5 | --- |

## Questions
# Presentation: 137410

## Government Accounts  
the Government Finance Statistics Manual 2001 
and 
the update  of 1993 System of National Accounts

The Second
2006 BEA Government Statistics Users Conference 
Washington, September 14, 2006 

Lucie Laliberté
Deputy Director
IMF Statistics Department 

**the *****Government Finance Statistics Manual 2001***** **
**and **
**the update  of 1993 *****System of National Accounts***
- The Second
**2006 BEA Government Statistics Users Conference **
- Washington, September 14, 2006
- Lucie Laliberté
- Deputy Director
- IMF Statistics Department

## Introduction  GFSM 2001 and the TFHPSA
Update of SNA 93
International accounting standards
Pilots on implementing GFSM 2001
Way forward  

- Update of SNA 93
- International accounting standards
- Pilots on implementing *GFSM 2001*
- Way forward

**Outline**

## Introduction

*Government Finance Statistics Manual, 2001*
- IMF Manual harmonized with *SNA 93*
- Task Force on Harmonization of Public Sector Accounting (TFHPSA)
- 	chaired by the IMF with the OECD as Secretariat with international and national senior statisticians and senior accounting policy officials (Oct. 03--March 06)
- 	http://www.imf.org/external/np/sta/tfhpsa/2006/03/pdf/030806a.pdf

## Private/Public/Government statistical sector delineation based on a definition of control closer to that of accounting

Tax Revenue and Tax Credit

 Special Purposes Entities and Restructuring agencies 

- Tax Revenue and Tax Credit
-  Special Purposes Entities and Restructuring agencies

**Update of SNA 93**

## Update of SNA 93 (continued)

- Guarantees
- Transactions of government with its public corporations
- Debt and Debt Reorganization
- Chapter on government and public sector
- Continuous involvement in update process

## International Accounting Standards

- Extensive documentation on the International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS) and Government Statistical Guidelines
- Development of a draft accounting standard on the General Government Sector (ED 28)

## Pilots on GFSM 2001

- Objective—To Standardize the Framework for fiscal analysis
- Outcome of November 2005 Board discussion:
- Comprehensive framework of *GFSM 2001* (3 Tables) will support fiscal analysis
- Use of *GFSM 2001* will lead to greater transparency and consistency
- Support a phased implementation
- Support pilot studies to illustrate usefulness
- 10 Countries identified for pilots (including USA)
- Process:
- Recast existing data sources
- Identify data gaps
- Collaborate with country authorities to improve data
- Collaborate with FAD to review policy implications

## Way forward

- Further implementation of *GFSM 2001*
- Further convergence with international accounting standards (e.g., private public partnership, accounting conceptual framework, accrued earnings from equity investment,  provisions and contingent liabilities)
# Presentation: 740251

## Comments on In Vitro ER / AR Assays 

- Christopher J. Borgert, Ph.D.

- Alachua, FL

## Public Law 106-545, Dec. 19, 2000 - any new or revised acute or chronic toxicity test method, including animal test methods and alternatives, must be determined to be valid for proposed use prior to an Agency requiring, recommending, or encouraging the application of such test method.

Patent restriction issues (if applicable) must be addressed by EPA to maximize the potential use of these assays.

- Patent restriction issues (if applicable) must be addressed by EPA to maximize the potential use of these assays.

***In Vitro***** ER/AR Assays**

## In Vitro ER/AR Assays

- Recombinant receptor proteins for binding assays should be promoted.
- Reduce animal use
- Efficiency
- Many options, *BUT*
- altering assay parameters creates significant variability (Beresford et al., 2000; Charles et al., 2000).
- inter-laboratory
- variability
- sensitivity
- reproducibility and precision

## In Vitro ER/AR Assays

- _Performance-based criteria are insufficient_ for purposes of standardizing EDSP *in vitro* assays.
- ‘Gold Standard’ assays are needed.
- _Single methodologies_ properly standardized and validated
- Standard to compare other, alternative protocols
- An ICCVAM type process should be used.
- several laboratories / identical protocols / assess reproducibility and accuracy by using an agreed set of reference chemicals with various physical-chemical properties

## In Vitro ER/AR Assays 

- Definite pass-fail criteria for each *in vitro* assay:
- acceptable coefficients of variation (CoVs)
- techniques for assessing cytotoxicity
- defined acceptable levels of cytotoxicity
- specified numbers of replicate data points per experiment
- cutoffs for positive / negative response relative to defined controls
- Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) provisions of the USEPA, OECD and/or MAFF should be required.
# Presentation: 684247

## Generation

- Wtd. Avg. Int  5.6%

**Federal Columbia River Power System (FCRPS) **
**Total Liabilities to Federal and Non Federal Parties**
**as of FY 2007 **_**1**_**/**
- ($ millions)

- dmj  11/5/07

- Other Non-Federal
- Projects  $171
- Wtd  Avg. Int.  5.5%

- Corps of Engineers
- Appropriations $2,528
- Wtd. Avg. Int. 6.3%

- Energy Northwest $5,314
- Wtd. Avg. Int. 5.1%

- Bureau of Reclamation Appropriations $627
- Wtd. Avg. Int. 6.9%

_**Generation**_

_**Transmission**_

- BPA Appropriations $564
- Wtd. Avg. Int. 7.2%

- Other Non-Federal Projects  $205
- Wtd  Avg. Int.  4.9%

- Lower Snake Fish and Wildlife $231
- Wtd. Avg. Int. 7.1%

- Bonds Issued to
- Treasury $777
- Wtd. Avg. Int. 5.2%

- Energy Northwest _3_/   $861
- Wtd. Avg. Int. 5.4%

**This information made publicly available by BPA in November 2007 and is consistent with BPA’s FY 2007 Annual Report.  Any variation is due to rounding .**

- Outstanding Liabilities Quick Facts

- The FCRPS overall weighted average interest (WAI) rate increased slightly by
-      .1 percent.
- Total outstanding liabilities decreased slightly from last year in spite of a significant increase in debt obligations in 2007.
- Additions:  Federal Issues = $265M; Appropriations = $53M
- Payments:  Treasury principal payment = $618M
- Prudent debt management practices and overall portfolio optimization have resulted in increased debt service savings and improved Treasury borrowing authority for the region's stakeholders.
# Presentation: 751024

##  FEDERAL PKI POLICY AUTHORITY

***“******YOUR INTERFACE TO INTEROPERATE WITH THE  FEDERAL BRIDGE”***
- MICHELLE MOLDENHAUER
- CHAIR,  FEDERAL PKI POLICY AUTHORITY

**Notes:**
CIO Council logo

## AGENDA

- GOALS
- BACKGROUND/PURPOSE
- MEMBERSHIP
- ROLES/RESPONSIBILITIES
- INTEROPERATION REQMTS
- APPLICATION REQMTS
- MOA
- ACTIONS TODAY

## FEDERAL PKIPA GOALS

- ASSIST AND PROMOTE CONSISTENT POLICY MANAGEMENT WITHIN THE FBCA AND ALL INTERCONNECTED AGENCIES/CONTRACTORS
- PROMOTE EVENTUAL CROSS CERTIFICATION WITH NON-GOVERNMENT ENTITIES

## BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE

- SETS POLICY GOVERNING FEDERAL BRIDGE CERTIFICATION AUTHORITY (FBCA) OPERATION
- PROVIDES MECHANISM FOR AGENCIES WITH PKI’S TO INTEROPERATE WITH FBCA

## MEMBERSHIP 

- MEMBERSHIP

- TREASURY - CHAIR
- COMMERCE - VICE CHAIR
- JUSTICE
- DEFENSE
- OMB
- GSA
- OBSERVERS

##  ORGANIZATION

-  ORGANIZATION

**Notes:**
At the top of the chart is Federal CIO Council.  Underneath the Federal CIO Council is the Enterprise Interoperability
And Emerging Information Technology Committee (EIEITC).  Underneath the EIEITC is the Federal PKI Steering
Committee (FPKISC) and the Federal PKI Policy Authority (FPKIPA).

##  FEDERAL PKIPA ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES 

- APPROVE FBCA CERTIFICATE POLICY (CP) AND CERTIFICATE PRACTICE STATEMENT (CPS)
- ASSIST AGENCIES ON DECIDING TO INTEROPERATE
- PROVIDE EVALUATION OF APPLICATIONS

##  FEDERAL PKIPA ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES (cont.)

- REVIEW FBCA OPERATIONAL AUTHORITY (OA) ACTIVITIES FOR COMPLIANCE
- COORDINATE LEGAL, POLICY, TECHNICAL & BUSINESS ISSUES
- PERFORM LIAISON WITH EXTERNAL PARTIES

##  AGENCY REQUIREMENTS FOR    INTEROPERATION

- MUST HAVE OPERATIONAL/PLANNED PKI WITH CERTIFICATION AUTHORITY
- MUST HAVE CP, CPS, AND DIRECTORY STRUCTURE DESCRIPTION
- MUST MAP CP ASSURANCE LEVELS TO  FBCA CP LEVELS

##  AGENCY REQUIREMENTS FOR INTEROPERATION (cont.)

- PERFORM INDEPENDENT PKI AUDIT
- ENTER INTO MOA WITH FEDERAL PKIPA

##  APPLY FOR INTEROPERATION

- COMPLETE APPLICATION AND SUBMIT TO FPKIPA FOR REVIEW
- FPKISC AFFORDED OPPORTUNITY TO VIEW
- MAJORITY VOTE NEEDED FOR APPROVAL
- IF ACCEPTED, FPKIPA ENTERS INTO MOA WITH AGENCY

##  MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT

- RESPONSIBILITIES OF FPKIPA AND AGENCY
- HOW MAIN FIELDS/EXTENSIONS OF FBCA CERTIFICATES WILL BE POPULATED
- HOW PRINCIPAL CERTIFICIATION AUTHORITY CROSS-CERTS TO FBCA WILL BE POPULATED
- HOW AGENCY INTEROPERATES ITS DIRECTORY(S) WITH FPKI BRIDGE

##  FPKIPA ACTIONS TODAY

- APPROVED FBCA CP
- ESTABLISHED CP WORKING GROUP
- INITIATE CP CHANGE CONTROL LOG
- DEVELOP EVAL METHODOLOGY FOR MAPPING

##  FPKIPA CONTACT INFO

- MICHELLE MOLDENHAUER
- TEL. 202-622-5545
- FAX. 202-622-4994
- EMAIL:  michelle.moldenhauer@do.treas.gov

**Notes:**
CIO Council logo.
# Presentation: 791495

## Open Source Asset Management Software for Small Communities

**Peter Le.Voir **
**Doug Abbott**

**Maryland Center for Environmental Training (MCET) Delaware Environmental Training Center (DelTech)**

## Pilot Program

- Partnership between EPA, MCET and DelTech.
- 4-year grant from EPA to...
- Pilot A.M. at four small- to medium-sized wastewater utilities in MD and DE
- Develop “user friendly” software
- Develop training curriculum for national distribution

**Notes:**
We’re entering the 3rd year...this year, we’ll focus on curriculum development and refinement of the database.  In addition, we’ll be moving the towns into the later phases of implementation, including the financial and communication planning aspects.

## Asset Management Program

-  ID Stakeholders
-  Mission Statement / Goals and objectives
-  Asset inventory
-  Criticality, Condition and Valuation
-  Maintenance management
-  Renewal / Replacement
-  Financial plan

## Open Source Software

- MS Office Suite v ‘97/2000/2003
- Data Entry using MS Access
- Export to MS Excel for Financial Analyses
- Linked Help Files in MS Word

## Data Entry Menu

## Report Menu

## Advantages of this Software for Small Utilities

- Full Integration of Asset Management Principles
- Real-time valuation of all assets
- Stand-alone Maintenance Management Program
- Decision matrix for renewal / replacement
- Predictive tool for life cycle planning, capital improvements, O&M budgeting, rate setting
- Logical scheduling and allocation of funds

## Advantages of this Software for Small Utilities

- Cost Efficient
- LOE for Start-up Flexible
- Gets smarter with use
- Conforms with CMOM & GASB requirements

## Attend our poster session tonight 

After conference contact MCET at  301-934-7500 or info@mcet.org

- After conference contact MCET at  301-934-7500 or info@mcet.org

**For more information...**
# Presentation: 899563

## Development of a 3-D Water Quality Model for the Charleston Harbor System

- Turkey Creek Cooperators Meeting
- February 8, 2006

## Presentation Outline

- Introduction and Background
- Project Overview
- Data Collection and Monitoring
- Hydrodynamic/Transport Model
- Watershed Loading Model
- Water Quality Model

## Introduction

- Rick Karkowski, P.E., P.H.
- Project Sponsor: BCDCOG
- Prime Contractor: JJG
- Major Sub-consultant: Tetra Tech, Inc.

## Background

- Previous Modeling
- Existing TMDLs
- Phase II Load Reductions

## Project Overview

- Work Plan
- QAPP
- Historical Data Collection and Analysis
- Monitoring and Sampling
- Special Studies
- Hydrodynamic/Transport Model
- Watershed Loading Model
- Water Quality Model
- TMDL and WLA Scenarios
- Stakeholder Interaction

## Historical Data

- USGS
- Industries and Utilities
- Previous Model Studies
- STORET
- EMPACT
- USDA Forestry Service

## 2004 Monitoring

- USGS
- Discrete Water Quality
- SCE&G
- Non-point Source
- Long term BOD
- Discharger Effluent
- Marsh

## 2004 Special Studies

- SOD
- Water Column Production and Respiration
- Reaeration
- Sediment Nutrient Flux

## Slide 9

## EFDC Hydro

## Model Grid

## Watershed Model

## EFDC Water Quality

**EFDC Water Quality**

## Conclusion
# Presentation: 729938

## xmACIS Demonstration

- Brian Fuchs
- Regional Climatologist
- High Plains Regional Climate Center
- School of Natural Resources
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln

## A Web-Based Climate Data Query System For NWS Field Operations

- xmCLIMATE
- ACIS

*xm**ACIS*

## xmACISObjectives

- Provide data for CWA’s with near real-time updates (daily, perhaps hourly)
- Automatically update retrospective data to match NCDC (QC levels)
- Systematically resolve construction of long-term data records using objective approaches

## xmACIS

- Modular – able to expand to accommodate spatial, graphical, and hourly features in the future
- Able to accept locally keyed observations (by NWS)
- Incorporates real-time data quality control
- Notifying NWS personnel of suspect obs
- Allowing verification or correction

## Implementation

- Basic version of *xm**ACIS* in development – internal NWS deployment by Sept. 30
- Enhancements to the ACIS data query system to match NWS priorities and needs

## xmACIS Demonstration

## CONTACT INFORMATION

**On the web:**   _[http://www.hprcc.unl.edu/](http://www.hprcc.unl.edu/)_
**Email:****	**_**[bfuchs2@unl.edu](mailto:bfuchs2@unl.edu)**_
**Phone:****	**402-472-6709
**Mail:**
**Brian Fuchs**
**High Plains Regional Climate Center**
**15 L.W. Chase Hall**
**Lincoln, NE 68583-0728**

## Any Questions ???

**Thank You**

## Slide 9

## Slide 10

## Slide 11

## Slide 12
# Presentation: 487032

## DOE Code Change Proposal Simulated Performance Alternative

**2003 National Workshop on ****State Building Energy Codes**
- Atlanta, Georgia
- June 26, 2003
- Philip Fairey

## Performance Compliance

- Compares “proposed design” with a “standard reference design” using annual building energy simulation techniques.
- Standard reference design provides the minimum acceptable energy budget to achieve compliance.
- Compliance is achieved when the proposed design energy is equal to or less than that of the standard reference design budget.

## Performance Method

## Standard Reference Design

- Same size as the proposed design.
- Same geometry as proposed design.
- Same orientation as the proposed design.
- Same operating conditions as the proposed design.
- Energy feature characteristics by climate zone as specified by a detailed “rule set.”

## Previous Code Versions

- Insufficient “rule set” specificity leading to large  opportunities for gaming.
- A hodge-podge of changes occurring over many years led to a “rule set” that was difficult to understand and interpret.
- Little to no compliance guidance provided to code officials.
- Perceived as impossible to cost-effectively enforce in the field.

## Improved Provisions

- Improved compliance guidance provided for code officials
- Minimum standard compliance report elements specified
- Computer generated field inspection checklist is required
- Software tool documentation required
- Improved software tool specification

## Software Tool Specification

- Minimum Capabilities:
- Computer generation of standard reference design – no user modification allowed
- Calculation of equipment sizing for standard reference design
- Generation of official inspection checklist listing each of the proposed design component characteristics
- Calculations that account for effects of climate and equipment sizing on system performance.

## The “Rule Set”

- Same component efficiencies as prescriptive compliance method
- Specification by individual building component
- Significant increase in specificity
- More understandable tabular format – standard reference design criteria presented side-by-side with the proposed design criteria

## Components Specified

- Above grade walls
- Basements and crawlspace walls
- Above grade floors
- Ceilings
- Roofs
- Attics
- Foundations
- Doors
- Glazing
- Skylights

- Sunrooms
- Air exchange rates
- Mechanical ventilation
- Internal gains
- Internal mass
- Structural mass
- Heating systems
- Cooling systems
- Service hot water
- Thermal distribution systems

## Significant Changes

- Climate and envelope efficiency changes as for the prescriptive method
- Significantly more specification detail throughout the “rules set”
- Air exchange rates – aligned to correspond with the new ASHRAE 62.2 Standards and account for mechanical ventilation systems
- Thermal distribution system efficiency specifications improved.