# Presentation: 869654

## Workforce Development

- Gary J. Mankey, Department of Physics, gmankey@mint.ua.edu

## Slide 2

## In the Context of Information Storage:
Perform and Publish World Class Research;
Educate Students in Relevant Scientific and Engineering Disciplines;
Provide Technical Resources and a Communication Channel for the Information Storage Industry.
Contribute to the Economic Growth and Well Being of the State of Alabama, the United States and the World.

- Perform and Publish World Class Research;
- Educate Students in Relevant Scientific and Engineering Disciplines;
- Provide Technical Resources and a Communication Channel for the Information Storage Industry.
*Contribute to the Economic Growth and Well Being of the State of Alabama, the United States and the World.*

**MINT MISSION**

- Establish a Center of Excellence for Multidisciplinary Research
- on Materials Useful for Information Storage.

- OBJECTIVES

## MINT is a Multidisciplinary Research Center

**Materials for Information Technology**
**(MINT)**

- Physics

- Chemistry

- Applied
- Mathematics

- Chemical
- Engineering

- Electrical
- & Computer
- Engineering

- Materials
- & Metallurgical
- Engineering

- Materials
- Science Program

## MINT Faculty

- Chet Alexander

- Bill Butler

- Bill Doyle

- “Ed” Fujiwara

- J. W. Harrell

- Sanjoy Sarker

- Rainer Schad

- Pieter Visscher

- Robert Metzger

- Dave Nikles

- Shane Street

- Greg
- Szulczewski

- Martin Bakker

- Si Blackstock

- Arun Gupta

- Raghav
- Pandey

- Min Sun

## Center for Materials for Information Technology (MINT) at The University of Alabama 

- A multidisciplinary research program focusing on new materials for advanced data storage.
- 26 faculty, 10 postdocs, and 40 graduate students from 7 academic programs in science and engineering.
- Support – federal grants (including an NSF Materials Research Science & Engineering Center grant), industry (IBM, Seagate, Quantum, Sony, Fujitsu, Hitachi Maxell, INSIC), and university support.

## Research — 20 more years??

- Moore’s Law for semiconductors has density of transistors doubling every 18 months.
- Magnetic recording storage density doubles every 12 months.
- Currently— 100 Gigabit per square inch (1 bit is 37 nm x 170 nm).
- 10 years— 10 Terabit per square inch.
- 20 years— 1 Petabit (1015 bits) per square inch (1 bit will be  1 nm x 1 nm!!)

- Ref: IBM Website

## 2004

- 2002

- 2006

- 2008

- 2010

- 2012:  4.4 nm x 4.4 nm

- 50 nm

- 400 nm

**The incredible shrinking bit!****Predicted Relative Sizes of HDD Storage Bits**

**(assumes areal densities continue to double yearly)**

## Head, Media and Servo

- The read/wire head, media and servomechanism with associated signal processing electronics are integrated into the disk drive system.

- Toshiba, March 16, 2004—2 to 4 Gb Drive.

## Slide 10

## National Laboratory Collaborations

- J. L. Robertson, ORNL, Neutron Scattering.
- J. Mitchell, ANL, PSMO Crystal.
- W.-T. Lee, IPNS & SNS, PNR.
- L. Porcar, NCNR, SANS.
- J. Shen, ORNL, SEMPA.
- S. te Velthuis, ANL, PNR.

## University Collaborations

- F. Himpsel, UWM, ARUPS.
- R.F. Willis, PSU, ARUPS.
- R.L. Kurtz and P. Sprunger, LSU, XMCD.
- C. Yu and M. Pechan, UMO, FMR.
- J. Akujieze, CSU, ND and PNR.

## International Collaborations

- G. Gubbiotti, INFM, IT, BLS and GMR.
- N. Cavadini and Ch. Niedermayer, PSI, INS.
- E. Shipyl, UK, MML.

## Industrial Collaborations

- The classic rectifier—we don’t perform proprietary research.
- IC’s “need”  X=
- Better antiferromagnetic materials and artificial antiferromagnetic coupled layers (sensors).
- 3-6 nm decoupled magnetic grains (media).
- High moment materials (writer).
- Pinning without the AF material (sensor).
- 30-60 nm magnetic nanorods (tape).
- High anisotropy self assembled magnetic particle arrays (media).
- Steering committee.

- Conductivity
- Too low

- Coupling
- Too high

- Anisotropy
- Too high

- Demag
- Field

- Spin transfer
- torque

- Contact
- Resistance

- Hard
- Bias

- MRAM and/or CPP GMR Sensor

- Switching
- speed

## MINT Student Placements

- Ph.D. Degrees

- J. Cates, PH, Ph.D., ‘94	StorageTek
- M. Tan, MtE, Ph.D., ‘94	Quantum
- E. Haftek, MtE, Ph.D., ‘94	Seagate
- S. Hossain, EE, Ph.D., ‘96	Read-Rite
- A. Chacko, CH, Ph.D., ‘96	CTS Corp
- L. He, PH, Ph.D., ‘96	Maxtor
- J. Arroyo, MtE, Ph.D., ‘96	Texas Instruments
- H. Deng, MtE., Ph.D., ‘97	IBM
- J . Cain, CH, Ph.D., ‘97	Read-Rite
- J. Jarratt, MtE, Ph.D., ‘97	IBM
- V. Inturi, MtE, Ph.D., ‘97	Seagate
- L. Varga, PH, Ph.D., ‘97	Fujitsu
- Y. Yu, PH, Ph.D., ‘95	Russel Tech
- F. Li, CH, Ph.D., “98	Headway
- K. Minor, MtE, Ph.D., ‘98	Seagate
- C. Hou, PH, Ph.D., ‘99	Seagate
- Y. Hu, CH, Ph.D., ‘99	Applied Materials
- A. Catalina, MtE, Ph.D., ‘00	NASA/MSFC
**S.  Maat, PH, PhD., ‘00****	****IBM****	**
- J. Zhou, MtE, PhD., ‘00	MMM Technology M. Hawkins, ChE, Ph.D., '00	Exxon

- T. Scharf, MtE, Ph.D., ‘00	NRL
- S. Stinnett, PH, Ph.D., ‘00	Millsaps College
- M. Han, CH, Ph.D., ‘00	KRICT
- D. Orgassa, PH, Ph.D., ‘01	Cal Tech
- T. Selby, CH, Ph.D., ‘01	Univ. Utah
**C. Liu, PH, Ph.D., ‘01****	****Read-Rite**
- C. Tidwell, CH, Ph.D., ‘01	Montevallo Univ.
- M. Sun, MTLS, Ph.D. ‘01	Read-Rite
- B. Chae, ChE, Ph.D., ‘01	Univ. Washington
- M. Kim, CH, Ph.D., ‘01	Altair
- J. Huh, CH, Ph.D., ‘01	Penn State
- M Chen, CH, Ph.D., ‘02	Carnegie Mellon Univ.
- A. Bandhar, ChE, Ph.D., ’02	Cornell
- B. Xu, PH, Ph.D., ’02	Seagate
- K. Zhang, PH, Ph.D., ‘02	Headway (TDK)
- H. S. Jung, MTLS., Ph.D., ’03	Univ. of Alabama
- G. Wei, MtE, Ph.D., ’03	Ohio State
- X. Liu, MtE, Ph.D., ’03	Headway (TDK)
- M. Piao, ChE, Ph.D., ’03	Southern Mississippi
- I. Zana, MtE., Ph.D., ’03	Georgia Tech
**F. Liu, MTLS, TBD****	****Headway (TDK)**
- S. Wang, PH, Ph.D., ’03	Seagate
- Y. Ding, PH, ’03	U. MN.
- J. Rantshler, PH, ’03	NIST
- X. Feng, PH, ’03	Seagate

- Student Internships are Encouraged

## Grads/Postdocs

- M. Umlor, PD ’99, Univ. of Wisconsin-Oshkosh.
- O. Koshkina, PD ’99, Seagate Boulder, CO.
- L.Shen, PD ’00, Rigaku, Houston, TX.
- S. Maat PHD ’00, IBM Almaden—Hitachi Global Systems.
- C. Liu, PHD ’01, Read Rite, San Jose, CA.
- H. Jiang, PD ’01, GSI Lumionics, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- C. Yu, PD ’02, Miami University, OH.
- F. Liu, TBD, Headway (TDK), San Jose, CA.

## National Laboratory Projects

| Researchers  | Collaborator | Lab | Material | Tech.                          | Support | Outcome |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Maat | Robertson | ORNL | FeMn | ND | NSF | Dissert. |
| Maat | Robertson | ORNL | FePt3 | ND | NSF | PRB, Thesis |
| Krishnamurthy | Robertson, Mitchell, Cavadini | PSI | PSMO | INS | PP | JAP |
| Krishnamurthy,
Zoto, MINT | Porcar/
Glinka | NCNR | Ink | SANS | PP/NSF | PRE |
| Zhao, Mani | Lee | IPNS | Co/Ru/Co | PNR | TG/NSF | JAP |
| Krishnamurthy, Mani | te Velthuis | IPNS | Fe/Au, Fe/Ag | PNR | PP/TG | JMMM, Physica B |
| Zoto, Krishnamurthy | Robertson | ORNL | FePt3 | ND | PP | PRB |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

## National Laboratory Projects in Progress

| Researchers  | Collaborator | Lab | Material | Tech.                          | Support | Status |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Mani, Zoto, Krishnamurthy | Robertson | ORNL | BAMA | INS | PP | Prototype |
| Krishnamurthy, Zoto | Osborn | ANL | Ce-HF | CH | PP | 2  More days |
| Zhao | Shen | ORNL | Co/Ru/Co | SEMPA | NSF | Pend. |
| Alouach, Zoto | Himpsel | SRC | Co-Fe/V | ARUPS | NSF | Pend. |
| Mani, Zoto, Krishnamurthy | Robertson | ORNL | FePt3 | INS | PP | Pend. |
| Al-Ghamdi | Shen | CAMD | Fe-Co/W | XMCD | NSF | Pend. |
| Krishnamurthy, Zhao, MINT | te Velthuis | ANL | Gd/Fe-Ni | PRN | NSF/PP | Prop. |

## 20 More Years of Research in Nanomagnetism

- Stay on the growth curve—take advantage of advanced tools to understand basic physics.
- Remember the cost per bit curve.
- Consumer driven demand.
- New paradigms?

## Class of 2004-2005

- Al-Ghamdi, Nanoparticle Synthesis, PHD 12/05
- Alouach, Magnetic Nanowires, PHD 12/04
- Bui, Vacuum Physics, MS 6/05
- Krishnamurthy, Neutron Scattering, PD 12/04
- Mani, Antiferromagnetic Materials, PHD 6/05
- Zhao, Artificial Antiferromagnets, MS 6/04
- Zoto, Neutron Scattering, PHD 6/06

## Digging for Treasure

- Motivation and perseverance are necessary to succeed.