# Presentation: 198805

## FAA Civil Aviation Satellite Navigation UpdateWAAS/LAAS

- Leo Eldredge, GNSS Program Manager
- Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)
- ICNS Conference
- May 5 2008

## Peak Aircraft Traffic Over The US

**Peak Aircraft Traffic Over The US**

## Future Planning Assumptions

**By 2025 , Aviation is Expected to Increase By a Factor of 2.7**
**The NAS Will Transition to Satellite Navigation Technology **
- Provide Performance-Based Navigation Services to Enable RNAV & RNP
- Position Navigation Timing (PNT) is a Critical Enabler for NextGen
- New Navigation Services Must Be Cost-Beneficial
**Legacy Services With Negative Benefits/Cost Will Eventually Be Removed Cost**
**Resources Will Be Limited**

## Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)

**Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)**

## FAA Satellite Navigation Program

## WAAS Architecture

- 38 Reference
- Stations

- 3 Master
- Stations

- 4 Ground
- Earth Stations

- 2 Geostationary
- Satellite Links

- 2 Operational
- Control Centers

## Geostationary Satellites (GEO)

**Provides Dual Coverage Over United States**

## WAAS Vertical Service Coverage

## WAAS LNAV and RNP Coverage

## WAAS Accuracy Performance

**** Use of GPS vertical not authorized for aviation without  ***
***augmentation (SBAS or GBAS)***
***WAAS Performance evaluated based on a total of 1,761 million samples (or 20,389 user days)***

|  | GPS
Standard | GPS
Actual | WAAS LPV-200
Standard | WAAS LPV-200
Actual |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Horizontal 95% | 36 m | 2.74 m | 16 m | 1.08 m |
| Vertical 95% | 77 m | *3.89 m | 4 m | 1.26 m |

## Summary of RNAV(GPS) - Minima

**Summary of RNAV(GPS) - Minima**

**LPV - Localizer Performance with Vertical**
- 	WAAS avionics minima
**LNAV/VNAV – Lateral Navigation With Vertical**
- 	Baro-VNAV, or WAAS Avionics
**LNAV - Lateral Navigation **
- 	Non-Precision Approach (NPA)

**Notes:**
Marty suggested mentioning the below.

Continue to monitor the new approach publications for your base airport, as new WAAS procedures are commissioned on an almost daily basis.

## WAAS Approach Procedures

- WAAS Procedures to be Published to All Instrument Runways in the NAS by 2018

_**As of April 10, 2008**_
** ****1,051 LPVs**
** ****602 LPVs to non-ILS   **
**   ****runways**
** ****449 LPVs to ILS **
**   ****runways **
** ****14 LPV’s published**
** ****to <250’ Decision**
**  ****Altitute**

## WAAS Avionics Status

**General Aviation Aircraft Are Equipped With Garmin GPS Receivers**
- Total WAAS Equipped Users ~30,000
**Rockwell-Collins: FAA Flight Inspection Challenger Aircraft Approval – August 2007**
**Canadian Marconi: Contract To Integrate WAAS Sensor Into FAA Global 5000 Aircraft To Complete  In 2008**
**Universal Avionics: Developing WAAS Enabled Capability In Dual Thread UNS-1 Flight Management System Expected in 2007**

**Notes:**
The GNS-480 was the original WAAS receiver (first picture).  It started out as the UPS/AT CNX-80 and was rebranded once Garmin acquired UPS/AT.

All of the Garmin 400s/500s (second picture) are panel mount receivers.  Originally, they were GPS receivers that were WAAS upgradable.  The 400 is a GPS sensor only, the 430 provides comm and additonal nav functions.  The 500/530s are essentially upgrades to the 400/430s with bigger displays and some additional features.  The 400/500s are now WAAS capable.  New receivers come with the functionality and upgrades are available for older receivers.

GNS-1000 (bottom picture), complete glass cockpit

## WAAS Enterprise Schedule

**FLP Segment (Phase II)**
**LPV-200 Segment (Phase III)**
**Dual Frequency (Phase IV)**
**Inmarsat**
**GEO #3 – Intelsat**
**GEO #4 – TeleSat**
**GEO #5 – TBD**
**GEO #6 – TBD**
**Approach Development**

- Operational

- Launch
- 7/12

- Operational

- Launch
- 7/15

- ~6,000

- WAAS Procedure Development

- FOC

## GPS Program Evolution

_**GPS III**__** **__**(Block III)**_
**Increased accuracy **
**Increased A/J power**
**Signal integrity**
**Search and Rescue**
**L1C civil signal common w/Galileo, QZSS, & possibly GLONASS**

_**Legacy**__** **__**(Block IIA/IIR)**_
**Std Service (≤ 6 meters ****RMS SIS SPS URE)**
**Single frequency (L1)**
**Coarse acquisition (C/A) code navigation**
**Precise Service (≤ 2.6 m 95% URE PPS at Zero AOD)**
**Y-Code (L1Y & L2Y)**
**Y-Code navigation**

_**Modernized**__** **__**(Block IIR-M**_**)**
**2nd civil signal (L2C)**
**M-Code signals (L1M, L2M)**
**Anti-jam flex power**

**Space Segment**

_**Modernized**__** **__**(Block IIF**_**)  **
**3rd civil signal (L5)**

_**Upgraded**__** **__**(AEP)**_
**IIR-M IIF TT&C**
**WAGE, AII, LADO**
**NMCS/AMCS**

_**Modernized**__** **__**(OCX V1)**_
**New Architecture**
**Signal Monitoring**

_**Legacy**_
**TT&C**
**L1 & L2 monitoring**

**Ground Segment**

_**GPS III**__** **__**(OCX V2)**_
**GPS III TT&C**
**Real-Time C2**

**GPS Program Evolution**

## Future GNSS Considerations

**GPS Modernization**

## Local Area Augmentation System (LAAS)

**Precision Approach For CAT- I, II, III**
**Multiple Runway Coverage At An Airport**
**Terminal Area Procedures for Arrival and Departure**

**Notes:**
GBAS system consists of
GBAS ground station/processing unit/power supply (one shelter on airport property), 4 reference receivers/antennas, one VHF data link antenna

## Current Activities

**Integrity Analysis and Prototype Development**
**LAAS System Design Approval (SDA) Process  **
**LAAS Operational Implementation at Memphis Airport**
**International Cooperation and Development**
**CAT-III Research & Development Activities**

**Notes:**
These activities will be discussed in later slide

## LAAS/GBAS International Efforts

**Frankfurt, Germany**

- Memphis, Tenn.

**Rio De Janeiro, Brazil**

**Malaga, Spain**

**LAAS/GBAS International Efforts**

**Sydney, Australia**

**Bremen, Germany**

## Summary

**The FAA is Implementing Satellite Navigation Systems Needed to Support Performance Based Navigation and NextGen **
**The WAAS Program Has Matured Through Development and is Rapidly Progressing Through Operational Implementation**
**The First Certified LAAS is Expected In Late 2008**
**Satellite Navigation  is a Cornerstone of the Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen)**

## Questionshttp://gps.faa.gov