# Presentation: 665086

## Mitigation & Prevention

**Jon Akers and Steve Kimberling**
**January 10, 2006**

## What does "mitigation & prevention" mean?

**Mitigation**** - ****"Clearly defined actions that schools and districts can take to reduce or eliminate risk to life and property"**
**Prevention**** - ****"Actions taken to reduce the likelihood of events occurring"**

## Existing Legislation

**Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000**
**This Act places greater emphasis on identifying and assessing the risks to States and local governments from naturally occurring disasters;**
**The implementation of adequate measures to reduce losses from natural disasters and;**
**Ensuring that the critical services and facilities within a community will continue to function after a natural disaster**

**WHAT IS THE MORAL TO THIS STORY?**

## Slide 4

## Just Natural Disasters?What about .....................

**On campus hazards**
**School building hazards**
**Potential community hazards**

## Michigan - Bath School District

**Michigan - Bath School District**
**May 18, 1927**

## Previous Safety Assessments

**Community Vulnerability Assessments (OHS)**
**Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) Assessments**
**Culture and Climate Assessments**

## FEMA'S ALL HAZARDS APPROACH

**A comprehensive ERCM plan should address the following:**
**Natural hazards (earthquake, tornados, floods, etc..)**
**Technological hazards (power outages, nuclear plant...)**
**Humanmade hazards (hazardous materials spill, terrorism...)**
***Consider these types of hazards when developing your mitigation plans and activities***

## PLANNING FOR HAZARD MITIGATION

**Mitigation of community hazards will most likely be beyond the control of school officials.  Planning teams should work closely with local Emergency Managers to learn:**
**What hazards have been identified**
**What steps is the community taking to mitigate community wide risks**
**How school officials can be of assistance****	**

## Prioritizing Mitigation Activities

**You can prioritize your school's mitigation actions according to:**
**Risk to life safety**
**The number of people exposed to the hazard**
**The cost to mitigate (including time, money and other resources)**
**Probability that the hazard will occur**

## Mitigation Considerations

**Risk Assessment**
**Plan Development**
**Considerations for People with Disabilities**
**Safe School Design Staff Development (Certified and Classified)**
**Collaboration/Partnerships**

## Risk Assessment	

**Identify and profile each hazard**
**Determine exposure to each hazard**
**Assess the vulnerability of exposed infrastructure and facilities**
**Identify probability of occurrence and impact**

**Risk - *****The possibility of loss or injury from the impact of a hazard****** ***

## Slide 13

| RISK INDEX WORKSHEET |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Hazard | Frequency | Magnitude | Warning  | Severity | Risk Priority |
| Tornado | 4. High likely
3. Likely
2. Possible
1. Unlikely | 4. Catastrophic
3.Critical 
2. Limited
1. Negligible | 4. Minimal
3. 6-12 hrs.
2. 12-24 hrs.
1. 24 + hrs. | 4. Catastrophic
3.Critical 
2. Limited
1. Negligible |  High
 Medium
 Low |
| Hazmat Spill outside the school | 4. High likely
3. Likely
2. Possible
1. Unlikely | 4. Catastrophic
3.Critical 
2. Limited
1. Negligible
 | 4. Minimal
3. 6-12 hrs.
2. 12-24 hrs.
1. 24 + hrs.
 | 4. Catastrophic
3.Critical 
2. Limited
1. Negligible |  High
 Medium
 Low
 |

## Slide 14

## Nonstructural Hazards

**Suspended ceilings and light fixtures**
**Portable room dividers**
**Large panes of glass**
**Bookshelves (and items on them)**

**Office and classroom equipment**
**File cabinets**
**Servers**
**Electrical equipment**
**Soft drink machines**

**What are some nonstructural hazards in your schools?**

## What could have been 

- What could have been
- done to avoid this?

## Infrastructure Considerations

**Critical infrastructure includes roads and bridges that provide ingress and egress and allow emergency vehicles to access those in need.  **
**The infrastructure would also include the utilities that provide water, electricity and communication services to the district.**

## Safety Assessments

**Review of district and school specific incident data**
**Identify the major problems with student crime and violence**
**Identify past efforts to address these issues**
**Involve staff**
**Violence prevention programming**

## Mitigation and Prevention Items

**School specific incident data**
**School Climate & Culture**
**School based information**
**Community based information**
**Data on natural disasters**
**Equipment needs**
**Communication needs**

## Definition of School SafetyMulti-faceted Issue

***To continually address the needs of educators and students as it relates to the  provision and enhancement of safe and healthy learning environments for both.***
**These needs will generally fall into one of the four  following categories: **
**Physical Safety**
**Relationships (staff and students) **
**Personal Safety **
**Behavioral Expectations**** **

## Physical Safety

**Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED)**
**Physical Plant Safety**
**Bus Safety**
**Parking Lot Safety**
**Hazardous Materials - mercury, etc**.

## Relationships Between Staff and Students 

**Teacher/student relationships**
**Building trust among school staff, students and parents**
**Finding ways for students to be "connected" to the school: **_**during and after**_** the school day**
**Establishing a welcoming school climate and culture **

## Personal Safety

**Emergency preparedness**
**Outside aggression**
**Internet Safety**
**Gangs**
**School Resource Officers (SROs)**
**Bullying**
**Terrorism both at home and abroad**

## Behavioral Expectations

**Appropriate student behavior, Citizenship (online)**
**Classroom management practices**
**Heath/Columbine issues**
**Board Policies and Laws**
**Alternative Education**
**Persistently Dangerous Schools-NCLB**
**Student victimization-NCLB**

## Preparedness Examples

**Evacuation and reverse evacuation plans**
**NOAA weather radios**
**Emergency "to go" kits**
**Student Accounting procedures**
**Procedures for communicating with staff, parents, students and the media**

## School Mitigation Examples

**Bolting bookshelves to walls**
**Installing shatter resistant window film**
**Fencing hazardous areas**
**Installing backflow valves (special valves that prevent toilet overflow when the household sewer systems are infiltrated with floodwater)**
**Anchoring outdoor equipment that could become a flying projectile**
**Installing high wind shutters**
**Applying CPTED principles to school grounds and structures**

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