# Presentation: 191827

## Control of Hazardous EnergyTraining Program

- Lockout/Tagout

## Scope & Application

- The OSHA Standard for the Control of Hazardous Energy (Lockout/Tagout) 29 CFR 1910.147 covers the servicing maintenance of machines and equipment in which the unexpected start-up or release of _stored energy_ could possibly cause injury to employees

## Types of Energy

- Mechanical
- Hydraulic
- Pneumatic
- Chemical
- Thermal
- Other

## Lockout/Tagout Applies

- Whenever the employee:
- 	- removes or bypasses machine guards or other safety devices, resulting in exposure to hazards at the point of operation;
- 	- places any part of their body in contact with the point of operation of the machine or piece of equipment;
- 	- places any part of their body into a danger zone associated with a machine operating cycle.

## Does Not Apply

- While servicing or maintaining cord and plug connected electrical equipment (the plug must be removed from the energy source and remain under the exclusive control of the employee performing the service or maintenance.
- During hot tap operations that involve transmission and distribution systems for gas, steam, water, or petroleum products when they are performed on pressurized pipelines; when continuity of service is essential and shutdown impractical and an equivalent form of employee protection is provided.

## Definitions

- Authorized Employee – An employee who performs servicing or maintenance on machines and equipment.  Lockout or tagout is used by these employees for their protection.
- Affected Employee – An employee who performs the duties of their job within an area in which the lockout or tagout is implemented while servicing or maintenance activities are being performed.

## Definitions (cont’d)

- Lockout – The placement of a lockout device on an energy isolating device, per facility procedure, ensuring that the energy isolating device and the equipment being controlled cannot be operated until the lockout device is removed.
- Tagout – The placement of a tagout device on an energy isolating device, per facility procedure, to indicate that the energy isolating device and the equipment being controlled may not operate until the tagout is removed.

## Definitions (cont’d)

- Lockout Device – Any device that uses positive means, such as a lock, to hold an energy isolating device in a safe position preventing the energizing of machinery or equipment.
- Tagout Device – Any prominent warning device, such as a tag and a means of attachment, securely fastened to an energy isolating device, indicating that the affected machine or equipment must not be operated until the tagout device is removed.
- Energy Isolating Device – Any mechanical device that physically prevents the transmission or release of energy (e.g., circuit breaker)

## Lockout vs. Tagout

- If an energy isolating device is capable of being locked out, _it must be locked out_ unless it can be shown that a tagout system provides full employee protection

## Written Procedures

- Identifies the information authorized employees must know in order to control hazardous energy during service or maintenance and includes the following minimum elements:
- Statement on how the procedure will be used;
- Procedural steps necessary to shut down, isolate, block, and secure machines and equipment;
- Steps designating the safe placement, removal, and transfer of lockout/tagout devices and responsible person;
- Specific requirements for testing machines or equipment to determine and verify the effectiveness of locks, tags, and other energy control measures.

## Energy Control Procedure

- Preparation for shutdown
- Shutting down the equipment
- Equipment isolation
- Application of Lockout/Tagout devices
- Release of stored energy
- Verification of equipment isolation

## Preparation for Shutdown

- Understand the types and amounts of energy that power the equipment
- Understand the hazards associated with the energy
- Understand how to safely control the energy

## Equipment Shutdown

- Shut the system down using available operating controls
- Follow whatever procedure is appropriate for the equipment to avoid endangering anyone during the shutdown

## Equipment Isolation

- Be sure to isolate all energy sources, secondary power supplies as well as primary supplies
- Never just remove a fuse when you can disconnect the equipment completely

## Application of Devices

- All energy isolating devices are to be locked, tagged or both
- Use a lockout device if you lockout cannot be placed directly on the energy control
- When lockout is used, every employee in the work crew must attach their personal lock

## Release of Stored Energy

- Ensure all parts have stopped moving
- Relieve trapped pressure
- Block or brace parts that could fall
- Bleed lines and vent valves open
- If stored energy can re-accumulate, then monitor conditions to make sure it stays below hazardous levels

## Verify Equipment Isolation

- Ensure all danger areas are clear of personnel
- Verify disconnect switch or circuit breaker cannot be moved to the “on” position
- Attempt to start equipment by engaging all activating controls and return controls to the “off” position when testing is complete

## Removing Lockout/Tagout

- Ensure all tools re removed from the work area and that the system is fully assembled
- Notify everyone in the work area that the lockout/tagout is being removed
- Remove lockout/tagout devices – each device must be removed by the person who put it on

## Shift Changes

- If service or maintenance activities last longer then one shift - lockout/tagout protection must not be interrupted
- If the employee who applied the device is not there to remove it – then it can only be removed in an emergency and under the direction of the supervisor

## Contractors

- The outside contractor and the on-site employer must exchange lockout/tagout information
- Employees on-site must understand the rules used by the contractor
- Be alert for new types of lockout/tagout devices

## Lockout/Tagout Devices

- MUST BE
- Durable
- Standardized
- Substantial
- Identifiable

## Devices (cont’d)

- Durable
- 	- Must be capable of withstanding the environment to which they are exposed for the maximum duration of exposure
- 	-Tagout devices must be constructed and printed so that they do not deteriorate or become illegible, especially when used in corrosive wet environments

## Devices (cont’d)

- Standardized
- Both lockout and tagout devices must be standardized according to either color, shape, or size
- Tagout devices must also be standardized according to print and format

## Devices (cont’d)

- Substantial
- Lockout and tagout devices must be substantial enough to minimize early or accidental removal
- Means of attachment must be non-reusable, attachable by hand, self-locking, and non-releasable, with a minimum unlocking strength of 50 pounds (one-piece nylon cable tie)

## Devices (cont’d)

- Identifiable
- Locks and tags must
- Clearly identify the employee who applied them
- Warn of hazardous conditions if the system or equipment is energized
- Include a legend such as “Do Not Start”

## Periodic Inspections

- Inspections must be performed and certified annually by supervision to assure:
- That the energy control procedures continue to be implemented and that employees are familiar with their responsibilities
-  Certification must identify the machine or equipment and include the date of inspection, and of individual performing the inspection, and any deviations and corrective actions

## Test

- If the disconnect on a particular piece of equipment will not accept a lock, you must use _	__	_to prevent the unexpected stat-up of the equipment
- Another machine
- A tagout device
- Barricade tape
- A lockout can be removed by anyone, if the person who put the lockout device on the machine is at lunch
- True
- False
- Tags alone provide _	__	_protection from unexpected start-up than locks
- More
- Less
- Same

## Test (cont’d)

- Tags are essentially warning devices affixed to energy isolating devices
- True
- False
- Before you remove your locks tags and attempt to start-up a piece of equipment you should (only one answer is correct)
- Clear all tools from the equipment and notify the operator
- Tell your supervisor
- Sound the “all clear” air horn 3 times
- Locks and tags must clearly identify the employee who applies them
- True
- False
- Locks and tags are equally safe
- True
- False

## Test (cont’d)

- Once you have locked and tagged a steam line, you should
- Begin making repairs
- Rope off the area
- Bleed off any stored pressure
- If your work shift is over and you have left locks and tags on a piece of equipment you should
- Remove your lock and tag when the next shift mechanic attaches their lock and tag
- Leave your lock and tag for the next shift to worry about
- Remove your lock and tag
- The safest way to de-energize electrical equipment is to attach a lock and tag to the main disconnect
- True
- False

## Test Answers

- The test is to be reviewed with supervision to ensure any wrong answers are addressed. Seventy percent is required for a passing score
- 2
- 2
- 2
- 1
- 1
- 1
- 2
- 3
- 1
- 1