# Presentation: 642305

## Concept of Operations - for Today and On-orbit

**Concept of Operations - ****for Today and On-orbit**

**Shaida Johnston****NASA/GSFC**
**FEB 9, 2004 **

## Objectives

**Flesh out the concepts of how an on-orbit Science Data Segment (SDS) would operate**
**SDS basic functionality and implementation still in flux**
**Focus today on EDR characterization/evaluation functions**
**Sensor calibration and characterization functions will be worked with individual sensor Level 1 groups**
**Walk through general scenarios to develop specificity**
**Product evaluation and some CDR generation scenarios covered**
**Identify stake holders’ concepts for SDS**
**Project scientist (Code 900), NPP Science team (science community), NPP project (Code 400), Program Executive (HQ)**
**Identify commonality and issues to be worked**
**Consensus vs. compromise**
**Minimum functionality required to perform **

## Introduction and Disclaimer

**Johnston to facilitate discussions**
**No vested interest in a particular approach**
**Capture consensus and commonality if possible**
**Document concepts of operation in evolving draft**
**Background material used to generate concepts**
**Interagency agreements**
**NPP Mission Specification**
**Previous SDS architecture proposals and Con Ops**
**IDPS specification (no Con Ops available)**
**EDR interdependencies**
**NPP Science Team NRA**
**MODIS products, production and algorithms (less familiar with ozone and sounding instruments)**
**Discussions with stake holders**
**Last Ops Con meeting focused on questions of how this science team would operate and interact with those developing systems**

## Different Mission Approaches

- _Science Mission_

- _Operational Mission_

## NPP in the NPOESS Context

**11 NPOESS Instruments - 4 on NPP**
**56 NPOESS EDRs - 27 provided by NPP**
**NPP Launch Date : 4QCY2006**
**Concurrent Activities of Interest:**
**Calibration Plans - development and review**
**Test Plans - development and review**
**Algorithm deliveries**
**EDU testing and characterization**
**FU development and integration **
**IDPS definition and operational concepts**
**QA flags**
**Intermediate products**

## SDS Context - NPP System

**NESDIS**
**Central**

**AFWA**
**Central**

**GPS**

**WSC**
**LEO & A ****Backup T&C**** **

**TDRSS**

**Science Data**
**Segment**

**Climate User**
**Community**

**I/F Data Proc**
**Segment**

**Data Mgt**

**Infra**

**Ingest**

**Cal/Val**

**Process**

**Data Del**

**Data Mgt**

**Infra**

**Ingest**

**Cal/Val**

**Process**

**Data Del**

** ****NPP Mission Data**

** ****Command and Telemetry**

**Key:**

**Archive & Dist Segment**

**Ingest**

**Archive**
**Interchange**

**Archiver**

**Robotic****Storage**

**Datastore**

**Inventory**

**Command,**
**Cntrl & Comm****Segment**

**GSE - Svalbard**
**Primary T&C**
**NPP SMD**

**Mission Mgmt Center - Suitland**
**Flight Operations Team**
**• ****Enterprise Management**
**• ****Mission Management**
**• ****Satellite Operations**
**• ****Data Monitoring ****& Recovery**

**Data Handling**
**Node**

**Data Routing & Retrieval**

**SDS Context - NPP System**

**Climate User**
**Community**

## Working Definitions (1) 

**Ops Con = Con Ops = Concept of Operations**
**RDR = Raw Data Record ~ CEOS/NASA Level 1A**
**SDR = Sensor Data Record ~ CEOS/NASA Level 1B**
**EDR = Environmental Data Record ~ CEOS/NASA Level 2**
**4 Types of EDRs generated in the IDPS**
**Simple: Single sensor, single algorithm **
**Blended: Multiple sensors, multiple algorithms**
**Fused: Multiple sensors, single algorithm**
**Combined: Multiple EDRs combined for a single EDR (Level 3)**
**Ancillary data = From outside the program (e.g. NCEP)**
**Auxiliary data = From within the program (e.g. spacecraft)**
**Proxy data = Synthetic data: generated from heritage sensors**
**Simulated data : generated from models**

## Working Definitions (2)

**MMCDR = Multi-mission climate data record (aka CDR)**
**High quality long-term data record across platforms and missions**
**	****with quantified error characteristics**
**Essential parameter to monitor and understand Earth’s climate variability and trends**** **
**Example: Ocean color from CZCS->SeaWiFS->MODIS->VIIRS**
**Example: Ozone from SBUV/2 ->TOVS/HIRS->OMPS**
**NPPCDR = NPP climate data record (aka cDR)**
**Enhancement or higher level processing of an NPP EDR to allow multi-mission climate data records to be generated**
**Example: Ocean color EDRs reprocessed after post-launch calibration updates or instrument change**
**Example: NDVI EDRs reprocessed with definitive ephemeris providing tighter geolocation knowledge**
**Example: Temporally and spatially aggregated EDRs i.e global, monthly average SSTs**

## Operations in Two Time Frames

-       NPP Analysis System (NAS)
- • Needed now to
-   - Support **1st NPP science team**
-   - Evaluate EDRs
-   - Process test data
- • MODIS-> VIIRS conversion s/w
- • Prototype for sensor cal/charac

**2010**

**2006**

**2004**

- RDRs
- SDRs
- EDRs

- Synthetic
- Test Data

- EDU & FU
- Test Data
- (Charac/Cal)

- Algorithm
- Deliveries

- Simulation
- Tools

- On-orbit
- Cal (RDRs)

- Algorithm
- Updates

- Algorithm
- Updates

- -Improved Algorithms
- -EDR Characterizations
- -Calibration Parameters
- -Sensor Characterization

**Today**

**NPP Launch**

**1st NPOESS **
**Launch**

- Now

- On-Orbit

## NPP Analysis System (NAS)

- _Document Stores_
- eRooms (NGST)
- NPP Electronic Library

## A Concept for SDS - #1

**A Concept for SDS - #1**

- Ocean
- Color
- CARS
- (GSFC)
- CZCS
-  SeaWiFS

- EDR X
- CARS
- (Univ.B)

- Level 3
- Processing
- -Global
- -Monthly
- (Location C)

- SST
- CARS
- (Univ.A)

- Atmos.
- Sounding
- CARS
- (NOAA)

- Climate User Community

- EOSDIS

- Aerosols
- Theme
- CARS
- (Location F)

- Land
- Theme
- CARS
- (Location G)

- Ocean
- Theme
- CARS
- (Location E)

- Ozone
- Theme
- CARS
- (Location D)

- MODIS

- EDRs

- ADS

- IDPS

- C3

- Climate User
-  Community

- EDRs

- EDRs

- EDRs

- EDRs

- Product Evaluation
- & Algorithm Testing
- Validate EDRs
- Characterize EDRs
-    -Stratification
-    -Quantify error
- Test new algorithms

- IPO

- CDRs

- CDRs

- CDRs

- CDRs

- CDRs

- CDRs

- CDRs

- CDRs

- CDRs

- CDR = NPP CDR and MM CDR

- NGST/Raytheon

- IDPS

- Cal Parms

- Algorithm
- Updates

- Sensor Calibration
- & Characterization
- -Process cal RDRs
-   -Lunar cal,deep space,
-    internal/BB
- -Verify RDRs
- -Characterize SDRs
- -Generate calibration
- parameters - 4 sensors

- SDRs,IPs
- EDRs

- RDRs
- SDRs

##  A Concept for SDS - #2

** ****A Concept for SDS - #2**

- EDR X
- CARS
- (Univ.B)

- Level 3
- Processing
- -Global
- -Monthly
- (Location C)

- SST
- CARS
- (Univ.A)

- Atmos.
- Sounding
- CARS
- (NOAA)

- Climate User Community

- EOSDIS

- Aerosols
- Theme
- CARS
- (Location F)

- Land
- Theme
- CARS
- (Location G)

- Ocean
- Theme
- CARS
- (Location E)

- Ozone
- Theme
- CARS
- (Location D)

- VIIRS
- SDRs

- SDRs

- MODIS

- CrIMS
- EDRs

- EDRs

- EDRs

- EDRs

- ADS

- IDPS

- C3

- Climate User
-  Community

- EDRs

- EDRs

- EDRs

- EDRs

- Sensor Calibration
- & Characterization
- -Process cal RDRs
-   -Lunar cal,deep space,
-    internal/BB
- -Verify RDRs
- -Characterize SDRs
- -Generate calibration
- parameters - 4 sensors

- Product Evaluation
- & Algorithm Testing
- Validate EDRs
- Characterize EDRs
-    -Stratification
-    -Quantify  error
- Test new algorithms

- Ocean
- Color
- CARS
- (GSFC)
- CZCS
-  SeaWiFS

- RDRs
- SDRs

- SDRs,IPs
- EDRs

- CDRs

- CDRs

- CDRs

- CDRs

- CDRs

- CDRs

- CDRs

- CDRs

- CDRs

- CDR = NPP CDR and MM CDR

- NGST/Raytheon

- IDPS

- IPO

- Algorithm
- Updates

- Cal Parms

## A Concept for SDS - #3

**A Concept for SDS - #3**

- EDR X
- CARS
- (Univ.B)

- Level 3
- Processing
- -Global
- -Monthly
- (Location C)

- SST
- CARS
- (Univ.A)

- Atmos.
- Sounding
- CARS
- (NOAA)

- Climate User Community

- EOSDIS

- Aerosols
- Theme
- CARS
- (Location F)

- Land
- Theme
- CARS
- (Location G)

- Ocean
- Theme
- CARS
- (Location E)

- Ozone
- Theme
- CARS
- (Location D)

- Climate User
-  Community

- Ocean
- Color
- CARS
- (GSFC)
- CZCS
-  SeaWiFS

- RDRs
- SDRs

- CDRs

- CDRs

- CDRs

- CDRs

- CDRs

- CDRs

- CDRs

- CDRs

- CDRs

- CDR = NPP CDR and MM CDR

- IDPS

- Algorithm
- Updates

- Cal Parms

- Algorithm
- Updates

- Sensor Calibration
- & Characterization
- -Process cal RDRs
-   -Lunar cal,deep space,
-    internal/BB
- -Verify RDRs
- -Characterize SDRs
- -Generate calibration
- parameters - 4 sensors

- EDRs

- ADS

- IDPS

- C3

- NGST/Raytheon

- IPO

## SDS Open Issues

**Implementation of CARS**
**Interdependence of products**
**IDPS - SDS interface**
**Mechanism to get early mission data to SDS for evaluation**
**...****.**

## Methodology

**Regardless of where the functions are performed, they need to be defined and documented**
**Develop an operations concept which then leads to functional requirements **
**Focus on SDS Concept #2**
**Discuss strawman scenarios to draw out routine and exceptional capabilities needed for product evaluation and algorithm assessment**
**Identified specialized operations where one-on-one discussions are needed**
**Draft an operations concept **
**Iterate draft with further discussions with group or individuals as needed**
**Budget realities will constrain the system**
**Identify minimum functionality needed as a lower bound**
**Complete functionality is the upper bound**

## Product Evaluation Scenarios

**Compare NPP EDR with equivalent Level 2 product**
**Independently generate EDR to compare with IDPS generated EDR**
**Use NPP EDR as input to higher level application**
**a. Level 3 product generation**
**b. Climate model**
**Evaluate inputs to EDR and algorithm (i.e. SDR, ancillary)**
**a. Modeling an EDR**
**b. Document review**

**RDRs and SDRs are assumed to be evaluated in the sensor **
**calibration and characterization system**

## Product Evaluation Scenario #1 Compare NPP EDR with equivalent Level 2 product 

- Orbital Variations
- By lat, temp, etc.

- Global comparisons
- By location, biomes,etc.

- Seasonal Variations
- Annual Variations
- Time Series

- Repeat for validation sites
- or global samples
- e.g. 274 MODLAND sites (geographic subsets)

- Tools needed ?
-  - Reprojection
-  - IDL/ENVI

- Does EDR
- meet spec?

- Compare and
- Characterize

## Product Evaluation Scenario #2 Compare NPP EDR with independently generated EDR

-   EDR ́

- Compare and
- Characterize

- Orbital Variations
- By lat, temp, etc.

- Global comparisons
- By location, biomes,etc.

- Seasonal Variations
- Annual Variations
- Time Series

- Repeat for validation sites
- or global samples

- Example: CrIS/ATM Vertical
-                 Moisture Profile

- - CrIS
- - ATMS

- -Land/Water Mask
- -NCEP Surf. Pressure
- -Terrain height

- -VIIRS LST
- -S/C data

- *Additional
- or different
- ancillary data
- than original

- * Results could provide quantified scientific justification for reprocessing

## Product Evaluation Scenario #3a Use NPP EDR as input to higher level application

**a. Level 3 product generation**

- - SST

- -Global, Monthly
- Average SST

- Run Level 3
- Application

- Data buffer

- Level 3
- Product

- Order
-  EDRs

- Characterize

## Product Evaluation Scenario #4a Evaluate inputs to EDR and algorithm - model EDR

- Space
- Radiance

- Internal
- Calibrator
- Characteristics

- Calibration
- Nonlinearities

- Calibration
- Accuracy

- Radiometric
- Sensitivity
- (NE∆T)

- Scan Bias

- Model
- (ATMS)
- Sensor

- Simulated
- SDR

- EDR Characteristics
- (retreival accuracy)
- as a functions
- of input variables

- Repeat through variable ranges

- Example: ATMS calibration uncertainty effects on Temperature Profile EDR

- Model/assume
- Vicarious
- Calibrations

## CDR Generation Scenarios

**EDR post-processing (i.e. regridding or time integration)**
**Reprocess EDR using better or more ancillary data**
**- What is the right threshold of improvement to reprocess?**
**Recalibrate and remove discontinuities from NPP EDRs for multi-mission CDR generation**

- RDR

- SDR

- NPP
- CDR

- Intermediate
- Product

- EDR

- MultiMission
- CDR

**#3**

## CDR Generation Scenario #1  EDR post-processing

**CDR Generation Scenario #1 **** ****EDR post-processing**

- - SST

- -Global, Monthly
- Average SST

- Run Level 3
- Application

- Data buffer

- CDRs

##          CDR Generation Scenario #2  Reprocess EDR using better or more ancillary data

-   CDRs

- Store &
- Distribute

- Example: CrIS/ATMS Vertical Moisture Profile

- - CrIS
- - ATMS

- -Land/Water Mask
- -NCEP Surf. Pressure
- -Terrain height

- -VIIRS LST
- -S/C data

- *Additional
- or different
- ancillary data
- than original

- Data buffer

## CDR generation Scenario #3  Recalibrate & reprocess discontinuities

- SDR ́

- CDR

## Next Steps

**Conduct one-on-one discussions with:**
**Develop scenarios for sensor calibration and characterization functions**
**RDR and SDR product evaluations**
**Generation of calibration parameters**
**Draft an operations concept document**
**Iterate draft with group or individuals**

- Back up slides

## Characteristics of MM CDRs

**A collection of data that can be used to construct a high quality time series with quantified error characteristics**
**Time series free of instrument artifacts and changes in algorithms**
**Validation of calibration processes, reprocessing, and blending of     *****in situ***** and satellite measurements across platforms/missions**
**MM CDRs provide information to:**
** ****monitor change (climate variability and trends) of the Earth’s climate**
** ****predict change**
** ****input to model re-analyses**
** ****validate climate prediction model**
** ****understand processes (i.e. water vapor-cloud-radiation feedback)**

## NPP Science Algorithm Drop Schedule(Proposed New Drop Dates)

## NPP Science Algorithm New Drop Schedule – Up to 9 Months Right Shift