# Presentation: 376143

##   Tsunami Alert Rapid     Notification System(TARNS) 

**Partnership Program**
**Government of Thailand - National Disaster Warning Center**
**U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service**
**National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration**

## Presentation Topics

- What is Tsunami Alert Rapid Notification System (TARNS)
- Why Thailand?
- TARNS program activities and timeline

## U.S. Initiative: Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning System

- 	Vision:
- 	To provide strategic support towards the development of an operational “end-to-end” tsunami warning system for the Indian Ocean within a multi-hazard framework

## What is TARNS?  Where does it fit in end-to-end system?

-                                                          Decision
-    Data       Communication    Forecast    Support      Notification   Dissemination   Actions

- Collect       Transmit data   Forecast      Warning        Send          Warnings     Evacuations
- hazard         to forecast       hazard                            warning to        to
- data              center             (tsunami,                      country focal    population
-                                             flood, etc)                         point

- Regional

- National

- National / Tsunami Resilient Communities

## What is TARNS?  Where does it link with the system as a whole?

- Regional Warning Network to National Focal Point to formulate forecast/warning
**TARNS – all national activities including the “last mile” warning dissemination**
- Community preparedness to respond to warnings

## What is TARNS?  How does it fit in national system?  

** **

- Regional Tsunami Warning Center
- (seismic and tsunami data collection
-  and interpretation)

- National Focal Point for
- Tsunami Warning

- Disaster Response
- Activated

- Coastal populations, media, relevant officials
- (harbor masters, coastal transportation officials,
- emergency managers), government and community officials, etc.

**T**sunami
**A**lert
**R**apid
**N**otification
**S**ystem

## TARNS Components 

- A System Design and Plan including regulatory framework for involved agencies, decision authorities, mapping of communications, required training for personnel, SOPs, Checklists, and Testing Protocols at all levels of government
- Technology and Hardware for disseminating warnings
- Plan and Conduct of routine tests and evaluation of total system on regular basis

## Why TARNS in Thailand ?

- Thailand can serve as a Indian Ocean Regional Model for TARNS Process
- The Thai environment embraces new technologies and systems easily
- NDWC has broad mandate of leadership and window of opportunity to create new systems
- Can increase confidence in government for warning
- Will complement USTDA and NOAA initiatives with NDWC and other IOTWS Programs in Thailand

## Mandate of NDWC

- Lead organization for receiving, monitoring, processing and disseminating critical information and official government warnings to involved officials, emergency response agencies as well as the general public on impending disasters around the clock

## Linkage of PDC and TARNS

- PDC focus on NDWC specific role in warning dissemination – technology of information coming into NDWC and out to Thai agencies/TV/SMS/sirens
- TARNS focuses on holistic system; leadership role of NDWC in coordinating all levels of government and agencies for warning – regulatory framework, decision authorities, protocols, SOPS, training, evaluation and testing of entire system to the local level

## Findings from site visits to Ranong and Phuket Provinces

**Substantial recognition of progress in the form of visible indicators: siren towers, loudspeakers, cell-phone SMS, radio/TV intercept**
- Provincial level: concerns regarding lack of overall framework plan, SOPs, decision authority protocols, training and maintenance plan
- Village level: no understanding of protocols on loudspeaker system – low trust in ability to maintain equipment
- Tourism Industry: association resources underutilized and concerns regarding system linkage with tourist facilities

## TARNS U.S. Agency Implementing Roles

- USDA Forest Service
- Design and process of
- 	activities
- POC – Deanne Shulman
-   dshulman@fs.fed.us
- NOAA
- Technical Expertise
- 	Communications Designs
- POC – Jennifer Lewis
-   Jennifer.Lewis@noaa.gov

## Proposed TARNS Program Activities - Overview

-  Program completed:
- 30 September, 2007
- Establishment of a Thai TARNS Interagency Workgroup – May, 2006
- Conduct of the First TARNS Workshop – May, 2006
- Conduct two additional TARNS workshops
- Identify technology gaps – explore enhancing through private sector or USTDA
- Conduct two simulation exercises

##  TARNS Interagency Workgroup

- Function of TARNS Interagency Workgroup:  Provide   leadership and coordination for early warning with ultimate objective to SAVE LIVES
- TARNS Interagency Workgroup created through Gov Thai/USAID MOA and by the authority of the National Disaster Warning Management Commission (under Deputy Prime Minster)
- NDWC will convene the TARNS Interagency Workgroup and TARNS Core Workgroup and track processes / outputs
- Workgroup member commit to all activities of the project
- Attend three workshops
- Participate in two simulation exercises

## First Workshop :System Design and Plan

- Thailand and the U.S. share experiences and lessons learned from March 28 (Nias Earthquake) / July 24 and June 24, 2005  respectively
- Present U.S. TARNS templates, principles, SOPs and lessons learned from Pacific Ocean tsunamis
- Examine existing Thai TARNS
- Design improved Thai TARNS plan based on shared principles and lessons learned

## First Workshop: Issues for Discussion  

- Regulatory framework
- Consistency of message
- Terminology and education: warning, watch, advisory, bulletin
- Importance of all-hazard system – tsunami as the “most demanding” hazard
- Multiple and redundant communication pathways
- Tsunami data vs seismic models:  second guessing tsunami generation

## First Workshop: Issues for Discussion (cont.)

- Identification of mechanism of warning dissemination, and timeframes needed: emergency managers, media, government officials, organizations, citizens, visitors
- Role of media – educating the media
- Public and private sector roles in warning dissemination
- Special messaging needs
- Maintenance of systems that are used infrequently

## Sample Outputs from First Workshop  

- Description of current Regulatory framework
- All-Hazard Warning System Plan showing all pathways of warning
- Reflecting lessons learned from both Indian and Pacific Ocean experience
- Linked Standard Operating Procedures for all levels of government
- Checklists for control rooms at various levels of government
- Protocols for siren and other emergency signaling devices

## Sample Tsunami Warning System Decision Flow Chart

**Sample Tsunami Warning System Decision Flow Chart**

##  Tsunami 

**Detection **
**   ****Buoy**

**Tsunami **
**Warning**
**Center**

**NWS**

**State EOC**

-      **Local**
**Jurisdiction**

-   **AHAB **
**  ****Sirens**

-  **NWS**
**Radios**

**AM/FM Radio**
**   ****and TV**

***National***
***Warning ***
***System***
***(NAWAS)***

- Satellite

***EAS Message***

***EAS Message***

***EAS Message***

***EAS Message***

***EAS Message***

***Telephone and internet***

***Telephone and internet***

***Telephone***

***Internet***

***National***
***Warning ***
***System***
***(WA only) ***

***EAS Message***

***EAS Message***

## Siren Activation & Signaling Criteria FEMA CPG-15

- The Tillamook Tsunami Warning System is currently       activated by our 9-1-1 or Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP).
- Tillamook County has 3 back-up transmitters at different locations including a mobile suitcase for activating system.
- Sirens sound a solid blast or warning tone for 3 minutes indicating impending natural hazard emergency
- When a Local Tsunami warning is received from NOAA the Sirens will sound every 15 minutes until arrival of first wave.
- When a Distant Tsunami Warning is received from NOAA the Sirens will sound every hour until the last hour when the sirens will sound every 15 minutes.

## Second Workshop:  Technology and Hardware

- Multiple Communication and Alert System Technologies
- Infrastructure and Legacy implications
- Technology gaps Identified
- Technologies available on the marketplace
- Maintenance and Routine Testing Requirements during “normal times”

## Examples of Technology

- Satellite communications
- Radio systems
- Emergency Alert System
- Wire
- Data Systems
- Internet
- Telephone/Hotlines

## Third Workshop:Integrating and Refining Systems

- Putting it all together
- Testing Systems and Technology
- Training Requirements
- Enhancing Public Private Partnerships
- Preparing for Simulation Exercises

## Simulation Exercises

**Thai government conducts and self-evaluates**
**U.S. specialists assist to design and facilitate.**
- Tabletop
- Actual Exercise

## Thank you for your kind attention