# Presentation: 846086

## MARITIME USE OF GPSbyMahesh Alimchandani Nautical AdvisorAustralian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA)

## 	A Commonwealth Authority
 Maritime safety regulator
 Largely self funded
 Seven member Board
 Approximately 200 staff

-  Maritime safety regulator
-  Largely self funded
-  Seven member Board
-  Approximately 200 staff

**AMSA**

## Provide for high standards of maritime safety
Prevent and combat ship-sourced marine pollution
Provide infrastructure to support safe navigation in Australian waters
Provide search & rescue services to maritime & aviation sectors

- Prevent and combat ship-sourced marine pollution
- Provide infrastructure to support safe navigation in Australian waters
- Provide search & rescue services to maritime & aviation sectors

**Primary roles of AMSA**

## DGPS coveragealongthe Queensland Coast

## Search and Rescue

## GPS in Search and Rescue (SAR)

- Effectiveness and efficiency of SAR operations
- Accurate reporting and presentation of SAR information (target location, drift etc.)
- Use in GIS
- Reduces incident costs

## GPS in marine pollution prevention and response

- Examples:
- Location, tracking & mapping of oil & chemical spills at sea and ashore.
- Accurate deployment of spill & vessel emergency response equipment.

## GPS in marine pollution prevention and response

- Examples (contd.) :
- Determination of jurisdictional responsibility in maritime zones.
- Display of spatial data e.g. environmental resources under threat from pollution.

## GPS/GIS systems employed

- Hand held GPS systems (Palm top IPAQ)
- Desktop Geographic Information Systems (ArcView & Arc GIS)
- Development of National Oil Spill Response Atlas (GIS)
- Satellite tracking of buoys (spill movement)
- Airborne & satellite surveillance (investigations and enforcement)

## Universal AIS - Basic Features

- exchange of information such as ship name, position, speed and course over ground
- VHF maritime band  - 2 designated channels
- communication in broadcast mode - everybody can “see” each other
- based on the’ 4S’ principle - Ship to Ship and Ship to Shore communications, using STDMA (Self Organising Time Division Multiple Access)
- High capacity - over 2000 position reports/min

## AIS-functional requirements

- ship-to-ship mode for collision avoidance
- as a means for littoral States to obtain information about a ship and its cargo
- as a VTS tool (traffic management**)**

##      AIS  - principles of STDMA

## Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS)

## Slide 15

## ECDIS

- Strictly regulated (via SOLAS)
- Integrated navigation display
- Automatic route monitoring
- Uses _official_ electronic charts
- Automatic, regular chart updates

## Strategic Plan for Navigational Systems in Australian waters

- SOLAS obligation
- Set with a ten-year outlook
- Key elements of the Plan:
- Existing network to service current requirements
- Develop systems to sustain future performance
- Transparency to industry for levies spent

## Future systems

- Assessed using contemporary risk management practices
- Must respond to changes in:
- Shipping patterns
- Technology
- Community expectations

## CONCLUSION

- Australia’s uniqueness (small population, large coastline, heavily dependent on seaborne trade).
- Australia’s on-going challenge:
- enhancements in environment protection and safety standards versus the safe and efficient movement of vessels.
- Continue to be innovative and seek cost – effective solutions.