# Presentation: 766483

## Engineers - Relevant,  Ready,  Responsive,  Reliable

***Engineers - Relevant,  Ready,  Responsive,  Reliable***

***MG Ronald L. Johnson***
***Deputy Chief of Engineers and ***
***Deputy Commander, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers***

***State – EPA Symposium on Environmental Innovation and Results***

## Agenda

**What Do I Get Out of This**
**Sustainability Drivers**
**Army’s Strategy for and Integration Of Sustainability**
**The Burning Platform for Sustainable Design and Development (SDD)**
**Benefits and Impacts**
**Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED)**
**Sustainable Project Rating Tool (SPiRiT)  **
**The Practice of The Theory/Strategy**

## What Do You Get Out of This ?

**Awareness of Army’s Environmental Strategy **
**Army’s Commitment to Sustainability**** **
**SPiRiT and LEED**

##  What Drives Us Toward Greater Sustainability?

**Stress on natural resources resulting from overpopulation**
**Water supply **
**Coastal and estuarine degradation**
**Changes in climate and sea/land Levels**
**- ****	****Resource depletion **
**Economic Drivers**
**Decaying infrastructure**
**Energy supply and cost**
**	****-****	****Drive for expansion to accommodate population needs**
**	****- ****	****New kind of economic thinking: Natural Capitalism**
**Social Drivers **
**	****-****	****“Environmental constituency” is growing**
**-****	****Public health **
**Human potential **
**Advanced technological applications**
**Diffusion of information & decentralization of decision making**
**Distribution imbalances **

_** **__**What Drives Us Toward Greater Sustainability?**_

**Bottom Line - National Security**

**Notes:**
-- Many, many events and  trends that are driving us to attain greater sustainability.

-- (ENVIRO) In 25 years, 1.5 billion more people on the planet. 

-- Already 40% of the population is short of fresh water, according to World Bank figures.

-- if current trends continue, this will rise to 50% by 2030.

-- One-third of the world's fish stocks and one-quarter of the world's mammals are threatened with extinction. 

-- (Social) There are already over a billion urban slum dwellers, as the human population increases, this number will increase.

-- The World Bank recently estimated that nearly one fifth of preventable disease in the developing world is caused by environmental factors, such as urban air pollution and unclean water.

-- If these drivers seem far away, let’s look closer to home at the extreme weather impacts suffered by the Gulf States this year.  
--  How the US deals with climate change, how we rebuilt the Gulf Coast... all of these questions fundamental come down to  society seeking ways to become secure and to thrive in the long term.  

## Sustainability Drivers 

** **_**EO 13101**_**, “Greening the Government Through Waste Prevention, Recycling, and Federal Acquisition”**
** **_**EO 13134**_**, “Developing and Promoting Biobased Products and Bioenergy”**
** **_**EO 13148**_**, “Greening the Government Through Leadership in Environmental Management”**
** **_**EO 13149**_**, “Greening the Government Through Federal Fleet and Transportation Efficiency”**
** **_**EO 13150**_**, “Federal Workforce Transportation**
** **_**EO 13211**_**, “Actions Concerning Regulations That Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution or Use”**
** **_**EO 13212**_**, “Actions to Expedite Energy-Related Projects”**
** **_**EO 13221**_**, “Energy Efficient Standby Power Devices”**
** **_**EO 13302**_**, “Amending Executive Order 13212, Actions to Expedite Energy-Related Projects”**
** **_**EO 13327**_**, “Federal Real Property Asset Management”**
** **_**EO 13352**_**, “Facilitation of Cooperative Conservation”**

_**Sustainability Drivers **_
_**Within The Federal Gov’t**_

**Notes:**
 Now... internal to the federal government

 These Executive Orders empower us in the federal gov’t to take more sustainable actions.... To change the course.

 they are an important achievement, 

BUT

 I do not think we have fulfilled their direction well enough.

-- Too many of our projects are driven solely by cost and not by the 

Triple bottom line of 

economics, social and environmental considerations.

-- Until we blend these three considerations into all of our projects, we will not achieve sustainable designs.  

## Army Sustainability Drivers

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**Notes:**
-- What are the drivers toward sustainability within the Army Corps of Engineers?

It is the Army’s Environmental Strategy

 and our own Environmental Operating Principles (EOPs)

 – that are based, incidentally, upon the Hannover Principles developed by Bill McDonough —

--These principles foster unity of purpose on environmental issues, reflect a new tone and direction for dialogue on environmental matters, and ensure that employees consider conservation, environmental preservation and restoration in all Corps activities.

--The principles are consistent with the National Environmental Strategy with its four pillars of prevention, compliance, restoration and conservation.  

That are helping to drive us toward greater sustainability.

## Army’s Triple Bottom Line

***Mission***

***Environment***

***Community***

***Foster A Sustainability Ethic***

***Strengthen Army Operations***

***Enhance Well-being***

_**Army’s Triple Bottom Line**_

***Meet Test, Training and Mission requirements***

***Minimize Impacts and Total Ownership Costs***

***Drive Innovation***

**Notes:**
Triple Bottom line I mentioned before Economic. Social and Environmental.

Some examples of integrating sustainability
Sustainable Ranges
Sustainable Buildings (SDD)
SPiRiT/LEED
Installation Design Guides
Deconstruction and Recycling
Renewable Energy
Sustainability Green Procurement

## Burning Platform

**Buildings and Environmental Impact**
**Benefits of Sustainable Design and Construction**

## Buildings and Environmental Impact*

**65.2% of total U.S. electricity consumption**
**> 36% of total U.S. primary energy use**
**30% of total U.S. greenhouse gas emissions**
**136 million tons of construction and demolition waste in the U.S. (approx. 2.8 lbs/person/day)**
**12% of potable water in the U.S. **
**40% (3 billion tons annually) of raw materials used globally**
*** ****Commercial and residential *****(Source: USGBC)***

**Notes:**
Buildings fundamentally impact people’s lives and the health of the planet. In the U.S., buildings use one third of our total energy, two-thirds of our electricity, one-eighth of our water, and transform land that provides valuable ecological services. Atmospheric emissions from the use of energy lead to acid rain, ground-level ozone, smog, and global climate change. 

Footnotes:
1. U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration, March 2001, Monthly Energy Review.
 Ibid.
 U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration, “Emissions of Greenhouse Gases in the United States 1999.” 
 U.S. EPA, 1998, “Characterization of Building-Related Construction and Demolition Debris in the United States.”
 U.S. Geological Service, 1995 data.
 Lenssen and Roodman, 1995, “Worldwatch Paper 124: A Building Revolution: How Ecology and Health Concerns are Transforming Construction,” Worldwatch Institute.

## Benefits of Sustainable Design & Construction

**Environmental Benefits**
**Reduce the impacts of natural resource consumption**
**Economic Benefits**
**Improve the bottom line**
**Save energy**
**Health and Safety Benefits **
**Enhance occupant comfort and health**
**Community Benefits**
**Minimize strain on local infrastructures and improve quality of life**

**Notes:**
The benefits of green design can be summarized as follows:
The local and global environment benefits from protecting air quality, water quality, and overall biodiversity and ecosystem health.
Economic benefits are experienced in building operations, asset value, worker productivity, and the local economy. 
Occupants benefit from health and safety features. This also relates to risk management and economics. The average American spends more than 90% of their time indoors, according to the American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. The U.S. EPA concurs, and adds that indoor air quality can be two to five times worse than outdoor air quality. 
Community and municipal benefits include: lessened demand for large-scale infrastructure such as landfills, water supply, stormwater sewers, and their related development and operational costs; and decreased transportation development and maintenance burden (roads) and increased economic performance of mass transit systems.

## A leading-edge system for designing, constructing, operating and certifying the world’s greenest buildings.

**Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design****®**

**A leading-edge system for designing, constructing, operating and certifying the world’s greenest buildings.**

## Technical Overview of LEED®

**Green building rating system, currently for commercial and institutional new construction and major renovation**
**Existing, proven technologies**
**Evaluates and recognizes performance in accepted green design categories **
**LEED product development includes existing buildings, commercial interiors, multiple buildings, core & shell, and homes**

**Notes:**
LEED is based on accepted energy and environmental principles and strikes a balance between known effective practices and emerging concepts. The development of LEED was instigated by the USGBC membership, representing all segments of the building industry, and was developed using a transparent process open to the public.

The rating system provides a framework to help move the U.S. building industry to more sustainable practices.  It responds to the U.S. marketplace and to budgets of U.S. design practices.

The LEED Rating System is on a five-year review cycle. Several incremental 2.x versions will be developed and piloted before making the leap to version 3.0 (ETA 2005).

## Sustainable ProjectRating Tool (SPiRiT)

_**Sustainable Project**__**Rating Tool (SPiRiT)**_

**Sustainable Sites**

**Water Efficiency**

**Energy & Atmosphere**

**Materials & Resources**

**Indoor Environmental**
** ****Quality**

**Facility Delivery**
** ****Process**

**Current Mission**

**Future Mission**

***Engineer Technical Letter (ETL) 1110-3-491  defines ***_***sustainability***_*** as “. . . the design, construction, operation and reuse/removal of the built environment (infrastructure as well as buildings) in an environmentally and energy efficient manner.  . .  meeting the needs of today without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs.”***

***SPiRiT- A self-assessment tool to evaluate sustainability of all facility construction and repair projects***

**Notes:**
Engineer Technical Letter

## SPiRiT Scoring

_**SPiRiT Scoring**_

**Sustainable Sites:****	****	****20**
**Water Efficiency:****	****	****  5**
**Energy and Atmosphere:****	****	****28**
**Materials and Resources:****	****	****13**
**Indoor Environmental **
**	****Quality:****	****	****17**

**Green**
** ****Results**

**Life-Cycle****Synergy**

**TOTAL ****	****	****100**

**Facility Delivery Process:****	****	****   7**
**Current Mission:****	****	****   6**
**Future Mission:****	****	****   4**

**Notes:**
Enough additional background . . . Here is the way SPiRiT points add up
There are a total of 100 points possible.  This differs from the 52+ for LEED Platinum
83 possible for ‘green results’.  The green results ‘match LEED major credit categories
17 for life cycle synergy.  These are added categories for SPiRiT
Additional credits were developed and points weighted to give primary emphasis to Energy

For green results Weighting in priority 
Energy and atmosphere
Sustainable sites
Indoor Environmental Quality
Materials
Water

## Putting the Drivers Into Action

- Green Roof on the Pentagon Remote Delivery Facility

** ****Pentagon Renovation Wedge 2**

_**Putting the Drivers Into Action**_

## Putting the Drivers Into Action

_**Putting the Drivers Into Action**_

**  ****Marsh Restoration, Arkansas National **
**Wildlife Refuge, TX**
** ****Galveston District, in partnership with state and federal resource agencies, restored 1,600 marsh acres in Gulf of Inter-coastal Waterway   **

**Notes:**
 Here are two examples of Sustainable design,

1.  Marsh Restoration, Arkansas National Wildlife Refuge, Texas
 Galveston District, with state and federal resource agencies, restoring 1,600 marsh acres in Gulf of Intercoastal Waterway
Using dredged maintenance material to restore marsh
Project will benefit naturally occurring wild flock of endangered whooping cranes wintering in Arkansas NWR
 The Refuge is instrumental in saving the whooping crane population, which in the 1940’s, dropped to as few as 16. Gradually, the numbers of whooping cranes living in the marshy areas close to the gulf, has risen to U.S. Wildlife officials counted 149 whooping cranes. 
 The Arkansas range which Galveston District is helping to enhance is protected as one of the whoopers' last breeding areas.

## Putting the Drivers Into Action

- Installation Communications Facility, Fort Gordon, GA

**Sustainable Sites**
**Erosion & Sediment Control**
**Site Selection**
**Energy Star Roof**
**Site Ecology**
**Water Efficiency **
**Water Efficient Fixtures**
**Indigenous Landscape – No Irrigation**
**Energy and Atmosphere **
**40% Energy Use Reduction**
**Building Systems Commissioning**

**SPiRiT Rating: Gold**
**Target LEED**** ****Gold (39**** ****Points)**
**Programmatic Design - NA**
**Parametric Design–SPiRiT Gold     (56 Points)**
**Final Design –SPiRiT Gold (70 Points)**

** **_**Materials and Resources**_** **
** ****Local Materials**
** ****Construction Waste Management**
** ****Recycled Materials**
** ****Certified Wood**
** **_**Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ)**_
** ****Mechanical Ventilation to ASHRAE Standards **
** ****Separate Ventilation System for Copy Rooms**
** ****Construction IAQ Management **
** ****Low /Zero VOC Carpets, Paints, Sealants**
** ****Noise Control**

**Notes:**
Military installation example of Sustainable design

- These are fine examples, but keep in mind that there is  little point in the Army acting alone in moving toward sustainability.

-- We need a concerted effort by all public and private partners.

-- Government, businesses and NGO need to focus their expertise on the challenge of achieving greater sustainability of our designs.

-- It is a good investment for the environment, for our economy 
as new employment opportunities are created, 

for our communities and 

– to paraphrase Bill McDonough – 

for our children and the children of all species.  

## Time to Think and Act Differently

***Time****** to****** ******Think****** and****** ******Act****** ******Differently***

-   "A hundred years after we are gone and forgotten, those who never heard of us will be living with the results of our actions."	-- Oliver Wendell Homes

## Engineers - Relevant,  Ready,  Responsive,  Reliable

***Engineers - Relevant,  Ready,  Responsive,  Reliable***

***MG Ronald L. Johnson***
***Deputy Chief of Engineers and ***
***Deputy Commander, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers***

***State – EPA Symposium on Environmental Innovation and Results***