# Presentation: 695446

## U.S. CHEMICAL STOCKPILE

**U.S. CHEMICAL STOCKPILE**

## OBJECTIVES

**OBJECTIVES**

- Describe types of chemical warfare agents stored in your vicinity
- Describe what nerve and blister agents are and what they look like

## CHEMICAL STOCKPILE

**CHEMICAL STOCKPILE**

- Comprised of chemicals designed and produced for the sole purpose of warfare
- Nerve agents and blister agents

- Edgewood Chemical Activity, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD

## CHEMICAL STOCKPILE LOCATIONS

- CA10

**CHEMICAL STOCKPILE LOCATIONS**

**Anniston Chemical ****Activity (ANCA)**
**Anniston, AL**

**Blue Grass Chemical****Activity (BGCA)**
**Richmond, KY**

**Deseret ****Chemical**
**Depot (DCD)**
**Tooele, UT**

**Edgewood Chemical**
**Activity (ECA)**
**Aberdeen Proving ****Ground, MD**

**Newport Chemical Depot (NECD)**
**Newport, IN**

**Pine Bluff Chemical**
**Activity (PBCA)**
**Pine Bluff, AR**

**Pueblo Chemical Depot (PUCD)**
**Pueblo, CO**

**Umatilla Chemical Depot (UMCD)**
**Hermiston, OR**

**WA**

**IL**

**CSEPP**

## U.S. STOCKPILE INVENTORY

- CA11

**U.S. STOCKPILE INVENTORY**

**CSEPP**

## U.S. STOCKPILE INVENTORYAS OF AUGUST 1999

- CA12

**Umatilla  13.9%**

**Deseret 39.4%**

**Pueblo  9.8%**

**Pine Bluff  14.4%**

**Newport  4.8%**

**Blue Grass  2.0%**

**Anniston  8.4%**

**Edgewood 6.0%**

**Johnston Atoll  1.3%**

**U.S. STOCKPILE INVENTORY****AS OF AUGUST 1999**

## US STOCKPILE INVENTORY

- Deseret Chemical Depot stockpile incineration began August 1996
- Approximately 22.7% of stockpile stored at Deseret successfully destroyed (as of August 1999)

- CA13

- Deseret Chemical Depot, Tooele, UT

## STORAGE CONTAINERS

- CA14

**STORAGE CONTAINERS**

## STORAGE FACILITIES

**STORAGE FACILITIES**

- Chemical agents are stored in
- concrete igloos
- metal storage buildings
- outdoor storage yards
- In restricted access areas
- Entire area surrounded by security fences and equipped with appropriate security devices

- Blue Grass Chemical Activity, Richmond, KY

## Chemical munitions containing explosives must be stored in concrete structures called “igloos”
Igloos have 2 ft of earth covering all sides except a front wall of reinforced concrete
Earth cover designed to reduce spread of fragments and fire in unlikely event of an accident within igloo

- Chemical munitions containing explosives must be stored in concrete structures called “igloos”
- Igloos have 2 ft of earth covering all sides except a front wall of reinforced concrete
- Earth cover designed to reduce spread of fragments and fire in unlikely event of an accident within igloo

**IGLOOS**

- Umatilla  Chemical Depot, Hermiston, OR

## Deseret Chemical Depot stores aerial spray tanks in metal structures
These spray tanks have small amounts of explosive devices stored in a container attached to outside of metal shipping and storage container

- CA17

- Deseret Chemical Depot stores aerial spray tanks in metal structures
- These spray tanks have small amounts of explosive devices stored in a container attached to outside of metal shipping and storage container

**EXCEPTION OF EXPLOSIVE STORAGE**

## METAL STORAGE BUILDINGS

- CA18

**METAL STORAGE BUILDINGS**

- Bulk containers of agent without explosives stored in metal storage buildings
- Bulk containers of VX stored in metal storage buildings at Newport Chemical Depot
- Bulk containers of HD stored in metal storage buildings at Umatilla Chemical Depot

- Newport Chemical Depot, Newport, IN

## Bulk containers of blister agents may be stored in outdoor storage yards surrounded by a security fence
Bulk H and HD blister agent stored outside at:
Pine Bluff Chemical Depot
Edgewood Chemical Activity
Deseret Chemical Depot
Deseret Chemical Depot also has Lewisite stored outside

- Bulk containers of blister agents may be stored in outdoor storage yards surrounded by a security fence
- Bulk H and HD blister agent stored outside at:
- Pine Bluff Chemical Depot
- Edgewood Chemical Activity
- Deseret Chemical Depot
- Deseret Chemical Depot also has Lewisite stored outside

**OUTDOOR STORAGE YARDS**

- Edgewood Chemical Activity, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD

## TYPES OF AGENTS

**TYPES OF AGENTS**

## GA

**GA**

**GB**

**VX**

**NERVE AGENTS**

**H**

**HD**

**HT**

**L**

**BLISTER AGENTS**

- CA21

## Attack body’s nervous system
Scientific classification:  Organophosphate
organophosphates also include agricultural insecticides malathion and parathion

- Scientific classification:  Organophosphate
- organophosphates also include agricultural insecticides malathion and parathion

- CA22

**NERVE AGENTS**

**GA**

**GB**

**VX**

## SPECIFIC NAMES

**SPECIFIC NAMES**

- Symbol	Common name	Referred to as
-        VX	VX	VX
-        GB	Sarin	GB or G-agent
-        GA*	Tabun	GA or G-agent
- *Small amount stored at Deseret Chemical Depot

## Usually liquid in normal state
Becomes volatile and generates vapors if heated
Potential for release if in vapor or aerosol form
All nerve agents currently in liquid form
Most distinguishable factors are physical consistency and color

- CA24

- Usually liquid in normal state
- Becomes volatile and generates vapors if heated
- Potential for release if in vapor or aerosol form
- All nerve agents currently in liquid form
- Most distinguishable factors are physical consistency and color

**NERVE AGENT****PHYSICAL PROPERTIES**

## VX

**VX**

- Oily liquid; resembles light weight oil
- Usually a pale amber color (colorless in pure form)
- Odorless
- Tasteless
- Persistent; designed to cling to whatever it splatters on
- persistence is weather-dependent

## G-AGENTS

- CA26

**G-AGENTS**

- GB is usually colorless, watery in pure form
- GA may be pale to dark amber
- GB has almost no odor
- GB is tasteless
- GB volatilizes at lower temperature than VX
- GB evaporates more rapidly than VX but less than water

## BLISTER AGENTS (VESICANTS)

**H**

**HD**

**HT**

**L**

**BLISTER AGENTS (VESICANTS)**

- Poisons that destroy individual cells
- Blisters most noticeable effect from exposure
- Includes sulfur mustard and Lewisite

## Symbol	Common name	Referred to as

 H, HD, HT	Sulfur mustard	H, HD, HT
        L* 	Lewisite	Lewisite

*Small amount stored at Deseret Chemical Depot

-  H, HD, HT	Sulfur mustard	H, HD, HT
-         L* 	Lewisite	Lewisite
- *Small amount stored at Deseret Chemical Depot

- CA28

**SPECIFIC NAMES**

## Mustard-garlic-like smell
Liquid or solid form in normal state
Becomes volatile and generates vapors if heated
burns well once ignited
Pale amber brown color in liquid form
Colorless gas when vaporized

- Mustard-garlic-like smell
- Liquid or solid form in normal state
- Becomes volatile and generates vapors if heated
- burns well once ignited
- Pale amber brown color in liquid form
- Colorless gas when vaporized

**SULFUR MUSTARD****PHYSICAL PROPERTIES**

- Laboratory bottle of  sulfur mustard

## LEWISITE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

**LEWISITE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES**

- Amber to brown liquid
- colorless when pure
- About 10 times more volatile than sulfur mustard
- Irritating, fruity or geranium-like odor
- little odor when pure
- Persistent
- More dangerous as liquid than as vapor