# Presentation: 498323

## The World at Your Fingertips

**Basic Internet Skills**

## What is the Internet? The World Wide Web?

- The Internet and the World Wide Web (Web) are not the same thing
- The Internet is a worldwide network of computer networks that can all “talk” to each other using languages called “protocols”
- The Web is only one portion of the Internet – the best known part
- The Web is viewed with a graphical interface software called a “browser,” such as
- Microsoft’s Internet Explorer
- Mozilla Firefox

## http://www.nlm.nih.gov – a World Wide Web site

_**http://www.nlm.nih.gov**_** – a World Wide Web site**

## Uniform Resource Locator

- A URL is made up of
- The “protocol” name (language) 	**http://**
- The “server” name 	**nlm.nih.**
- The “domain” name 	**gov**
- And sometimes also
- A directory name and/or 	**portals**
- A file name	**public.html**

**http://www.nlm.nih.gov/****hinfo.html**

**http://www.nlm.nih.gov/****portals****/****public.html**

**Notes:**
Domain Names
gov = government
.com = commercial
.org = non-profit organization
.edu = educational
.net = network host

## Using the Navigation Toolbar

- Go **Back** to the previous page or **Forward** to where you just were
- Click **Stop** to stop loading a page
- Click **Refresh** to reload a page
- Go **Home** to your starting page

**Notes:**
Highlight the Icons on the toolbar and their function
Click Search to find information on the Internet
Click Favorites to go to pages you have “bookmarked”
Saves links to pages you visit often!
Click History to view pages you have visited recently

## Using the Navigation Toolbar

- Click **Print** to print the page you are on, but be careful!
- One Web page can be many pages when printed
- Use Print Preview (under the File pull-down menu) to see how many pages will be printed
- If the Web page you are viewing has frames, be sure to click your cursor in the frame that you want to print
- Click **Mail** to send the page to someone

**Notes:**
Find in Page (Ctrl F)
Under the Edit pull-down menu
For finding key words on a long page of text
Increase or decrease Text Size
Under the View pull-down menu
For increasing or decreasing the size of the text on the page
Change Internet Options
Under the Tools pull-down menu
For customizing your browser

## Bookmarking Favorite Pages

- Go to the page you want to bookmark
- Click **F**_**a**_**vorites** and select _Add to Favorites..._
- Organize your bookmarks for easier use
- Click F_a_vorites and select _Organize Favorites..._
- Click Create Folder
- Type a name for the new folder
- Drag and drop saved bookmarks to any folder
- To delete a bookmark you don’t want any more
- Click F_a_vorites, right-click the bookmark you want to delete, and select Delete

## Changing Your Home Page

- Click the _T_ools menu and selectInternet _O_ptions
- In the Internet Options dialog box, type the URL of your chosen page (e.g. http://www.nlm.nih.gov),
- Or... Go to the page you want to use as your home page, click _T_ools/Internet _O_ptions, then click the Use _C_urrent button below the addressbox

## Look for links of topics of interest to click. Links can be
A word, a phrase, or a sentence
A picture or graphic image
You’ll know it’s a link when the mouse arrow pointer turns into a pointing finger 
Look for Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Look for an electronic forum

- A word, a phrase, or a sentence
- A picture or graphic image
- You’ll know it’s a link when the mouse arrow pointer turns into a pointing finger
- Look for Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
- Look for an electronic forum

- Exploring a Web Site

## Search Directories 

- Organized by subject
- Categorized and indexed (“hand-picked”) by people
- For broad, general topic searches
- Examples
- Google Directory at **http://www.google.com/dirhp**
- Yahoo Directory at **http://www.yahoo.com **> _Directory_
- Open Directory Project at **http://dmoz.org**
- LookSmart Directory at **http://looksmart.com/x02**

## Search Engines

- Index documents and match text to key words requested by the user
- Two types
- Searches a large portion of pages on the Web
- Searches within topics, regions, or sites
- Some search engines are also Web portals, including Google, Yahoo!, and Ask.

## Your Search Strategy

- PLAN!
- What are you looking for?
- Is the Web the best place to find the information?
- ACT!
- Know which search tool(s) to use
- REVIEW!
- Did the information you find answer your question?
- Do you need to redefine, narrow, or expand your topic?

## How to Construct a Search

- Formulate the search question
- What information is available about treatment options for children with HIV?
- Identify the important concepts within the question
- Children, HIV, treatment
- Identify the search terms to describe those concepts
- Children, HIV, treatment

## How to Construct a Search

- Consider synonyms and variations of those terms
- Children, childhood
- Childhood, juvenile, youth, child, adolescent
- Prepare your search logic (Boolean logic)
- (children OR childhood) AND hiv AND treatment

## Boolean Logic

- Boolean commands:  AND OR NOT
- HIV AND AIDS (finds all search terms)
- Treatment OR Therapy (finds either term or both)
- Tuberculosis NOT Pneumonia (eliminates specified terms)
- Nested parentheses
- Common cold AND (vitamin c OR zinc)

## Narrow a Search

- To narrow a search on apples, you could
- Add more words
- apples macintosh
- Search as a phrase
- “apple pie recipe”
- Exclude words
- apples – macintosh
- apples NOT macintosh

## Broaden a Search

- To broaden a search on “macintosh apples” – Fiji
- Use a broader term
- apples
- Use fewer words
- Do not search as a phrase
- Do not exclude words

## Printing Web Pages

- Different types of files on the Internet
- Most common file types
- HTML files – indicated by extension “.html” or “.htm”
- Adobe Acrobat files – indicated by extension “.pdf”
- On your Web navigation tool bar, click the print icon – or click the File pull-down menu and select Print

## Printing HTML Pages

- HTML pages may not print as seen on screen
- Use Print Preview (on the File pull-down menu) to see how the page will print and how many pages will be printed
- If the Web page you are viewing has frames, be sure to click your cursor in the frame that you want to print

## Saving Web Pages

- On the navigation tool bar, click the _F_ile pull-down menu and select Save _A_s
- A window will pop up to allow you to select the folder in which you want to save the document
- Select a folder and clickthe **Save **button

## About Adobe PDF Pages

- Adobe PDF (PDF) is a universal file format
- Standard for worldwide electronic document distribution
- Created by Adobe Systems, Inc.
- PDF files will print as they appear on screen
- PDF displays document information intact
- Page numbering
- Illustrations
- Free program to read PDF files is called Adobe Reader

## Adobe Reader 

_**http://www.adobe.com/products/acrobat/readstep2.html**_

## http://www.oar.nih.gov/public/pubs/fy2008/Preface.pdf

_**http://www.oar.nih.gov/public/pubs/fy2008/Preface.pdf**_

**Notes:**
Point out the following features:
On the Adobe Reader top left tool bar, click the Print icon.
There are multiple tool bars with many other features in Adobe Reader that allow you to:
Find a word/phrase within the document
Navigate the document
Zoom
Select text/column/graphics for copying
. . . and much more

## Printing Adobe PDF Pages

**Notes:**
Use the Print button on the Adobe Reader tool bar (not your Web browser tool bar) to print the document
The small window at the bottom of the screen will tell you how many pages are in the file.
If you click a link for a PDF file, Adobe Reader will automatically open the document 

## http://www.oar.nih.gov/public/pubs/fy2008/Preface.pdf

_**http://www.oar.nih.gov/public/pubs/fy2008/Preface.pdf**_

**Notes:**
Click the Save icon to save the document to your computer.

## Caution

- Computer viruses are transmitted through e-mail and can be harmful to your computer!
- Do not open a suspicious e-mail message
- Immediately delete it and then empty your Deleted Items folder