# Presentation: 496390

## HIGH PERFORMANCE CONCRETESURVEY RESULTSVirginia Division

**BY:****	****CLAUDE S. NAPIER, Jr., P.E.**
**	****	****Division Bridge Engineer &**
**	****	****Rodolfo (Rudy) F. Maruri, P.E.**
**	****	****Assistant Division Bridge Engineer**

## QUESTIONNAIRE

- Prepared by a task force of the FHWA High Performance Concrete Technology Delivery Team.
- Members of task force
- State DOT
- Industry
- FHWA

## QUESTIONNAIRE

- Developed to compile the most up-to-date information on HPC implementation over the past 10 years
- Serve as appropriate follow-up to earlier efforts conducted by the SHRP Lead States Team for HPC, and by former FHWA Region 3.

## PLAN USAGE OF THE SURVEY RESULTS

- Identify and compile various best practices on a national basis
- Identify States who may need additional assistance with implementing HPC
- Assess how far the HPC implementation program has come in relation to the 2002 FHWA goal of at least 1 HPC bridge built by each State.

## HPC QUESTIONNAIRE SENT TO

- 50 STATES
- DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
- PUERTO RICO
- FEDERAL LANDS HIGHWAY

## HPC SURVEY – 14 QUESTIONS

- QUESTION 1 – Addressed Changes to Concrete Specifications
- Changes Made in Last 10 Years
- Included in current specifications

## HPC SURVEY – QUESTION 1

- Types of Changes
- HPC – low permeability usage
- HPC – high strength concrete usage
- Admixtures
- Bridge deck curing & finishing
- Cement/alkali content limit
- Testing & acceptance requirements
- Usage of LWC, SCC, and flowing concrete
- Usage of reinforcing steel

## HPC SURVEY – QUESTION 2

**Question 2**
- Current concrete specifications requirements

## HPC SURVEY – QUESTION 3

**Question 3**
- Ranking of concrete distresses experienced

## HPC SURVEY – Question 4

- Construction requirements
- Workability requirements
- Admixtures & Slag Usage
- Non-aggressive environments
- Aggressive environments
- Elements where used

## HPC SURVEY – Question 4 (Cont.)

- Admixture Type & Slag – Amount used
- Job site additions to concrete
- Finishing requirements
- Curing Requirements
- Evaporation requirements

## HPC SURVEY – Question 5

**QUESTION 5**
- Fiber reinforced concrete usage

## HPC SURVEY – Question 6

**QUESTION 6**
- Concrete cover requirements
- Minimum concrete cover requirements
- Non- aggressive environment
- Aggressive environment
- Structural elements - required reinforcing steel
- Non-aggressive environments
- Aggressive environments
- Experimental Use

## HPC SURVEY – Question 7

**QUESTION 7**
- Percent alkali allowed in cement

## HPC SURVEY – Question 8

**QUESTION 8**
- Testing for reactivity of aggregates

## HPC SURVEY – Question 9

**QUESTION 9**
- Structural elements - permeability requirement limits
- Non-aggressive environment
- Aggressive environment

## HPC SURVEY – Question 10

- QC/QA Tests
- Fresh concrete
- Hardened concrete
- Acceptance criteria for cracks
- Pre-construction mock-up requirements
- Design Properties – 28 or 56 days

## HPC SURVEY – Question 10

- Compressive strength tests
- Cylinder end-cap requirements
- Match-cured cylinder requirements
- Wet-water curing monitoring
- Warrantees
- Microwave Test for w/cm experience

## HPC SURVEY – Question 11

**QUESTION 11**
- Types of overlays used
- Performance of overlays

## HPC SURVEY – Question 12

**QUESTION 12**
- Interest in beneficial attributes of HPC
- Overall ranking of beneficial attributes

## HPC SURVEY – Question 13

**QUESTION 13**
- Who is involved in examining concrete specifications and procedures

## HPC SURVEY – Question 14

**QUESTION 14**
- Adoption/implementation of various SHRP products

## Question 1 Table

| Question 1 | Changes Made in Last 10 Yrs | Included in Current Specs. |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | % Responded YES | % Responded YES |
| Use HPC - low permeability concrete | 77% | 60% |
| Use HPC-high strength concrete | 58% | 47% |
| Allow admixtures | 57% | 79% |
| Concrete Strengths | 74% | 79% |
| Bridge Deck curing | 75% | 81% |
| Deck finishing requirements | 47% | 70% |
| Limit cement/alkali content | 32% | 57% |
| Testing and acceptance requirements | 62% | 83% |
| Heat of hydration required for cement | 8% | 13% |

## Question 1 Table (cont)

| Question 1 | Changes Made in Last 10 Yrs | Included in Current Specs. |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | % Responded YES | % Responded YES |
| Chloride testing of hardened concrete | 28% | 25% |
| Lightweight concrete | 26% | 23% |
| Self-consolidating concrete (SCC) in use | 36% | 17% |
| Flowing concrete in use | 25% | 25% |
| Epoxy coated reinf. steel used | 34% | 75% |
| Stainless Steel reinf. steel used | 26% | 6% |
| Stainless Clad reinf. steel used | 21% | 6% |
| Specify air void param. (spac. factor and/or specific surface) | 4% | 6% |