# Presentation: 664407

## National Air Quality ConferenceContinuous PM2.5 Monitoring IssuesBAM-1020 Practical Advice for Best Performance 

- California Air Resources Board Mac McDougall

## Beta Attenuation Mass Monitor

- PMT
- C14 source
- nozzle/vane
- filter tape
- tape transport
- smart heater
- met translator
- actual flow
- GAST pump
- SSI

## Basics - Sampling/Monitoring

- Purpose/Interest
- You get out what you put in
- Principle of Operation - understanding
- Expectations - specifications
- ATP/SOP – document & follow through
- Quality Assurance & maintenance
- Evaluation - troubleshooting
- Data validation – remove bad data
- Responsible final review

## BAM-1020 Network Development

- How equipment works – Investigate
- Bench test criteria – Develop (i.e. zero test)
- Write Acceptance Test Procedure (ATP)
- Bench test every monitor (no exceptions)
- Write Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)
- Rigid field install/config./evaluation
- BAM-1020 data review/validation

## FRM & Continuous Placement

- Collocate
- Height

## Grounding

- tube to inlet
- inlet to case
- case to ground

## Inlets

- ID fit
- o-rings
- clean

## Filter Tape Hole Punching

- inspect w/ each visit
- inspect w/ tape change
- clean nozzle/vane

## BAM-1020 Pump

- Medo pump
- quiet
- easy rebuild
- GAST pump
- less expensive
- not much louder
- improved flow (loading)
- improved leak check
- longer life
- Better flow @ altitudes

## Zero Test and Criteria 

- HEPA filter kit (0.2 um)
- Background set to 0.000
- BAM-1020 warm up
- Leak check & calibrate
- Remove first 4 hours
- Consecutive 72 valid hours
- Max/Min </= 14 ug/m3
- No value exceed 20 ug/m3
- No -5 ug/m3 values
- Any errors, rerun test
- Field test when first installed
- *Field test every 12 or 24 months

## Zero Test ResultsMax = 6ug/m3     Min = -3 ug/m3     Average/Bkgd = 0        

## Data Validation

- Download BAM-1020 Data
- 900 values (915/995 ug/m3)
- Qtot (0.830-0.837 m3)
- Error codes (understand & evaluate)
- Error log
- Configuration file changes
- External data logger offset
- Invalidate
- Responsible data review
- *Overall concentration pattern

## Typical BAM-1020 Data

- 01/01/08 01:00,  0.041, 0.833,   0.9,   74.9,  23.3,   148,  29.0,    3.2, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
- 01/01/08 02:00,  0.038, 0.833,   1.6,   36.7,  23.3,   148,  29.0,    3.2, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
- 01/01/08 03:00,  0.043, 0.833,   0.6, 215.2,  23.4,   146,  29.0,    2.6, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
- 01/01/08 04:00,  0.036, 0.833,   1.3,     7.7,  23.4,   145,  28.9,    2.3, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
- 01/01/08 05:00,  0.047, 0.833,   2.9,     2.9,  23.3,   147,  29.0,    3.1, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
- 01/01/08 06:00,  0.026, 0.834,   2.0, 237.1,  23.2,   147,  29.0,    3.2, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
- 01/01/08 07:00,  0.025, 0.833,   1.5, 201.8,  23.4,   146,  29.0,    2.4, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
- 01/01/08 08:00,  0.026, 0.834,   2.1, 207.9,  23.4,   143,  28.9,    1.7, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
- 01/01/08 09:00,  0.011, 0.834,   4.6, 231.0,  23.5,   150,  29.0,    3.5, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
- 01/01/08 10:00,  0.021, 0.833,   4.4, 231.9,  23.5,   153,  29.1,    5.6, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
- 01/01/08 11:00,  0.018, 0.834,   4.6, 210.8,  23.5,   148,  29.1,    7.6, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
- 01/01/08 12:00,  0.010, 0.833,   4.6, 215.8,  23.5,   147,  29.2,    9.6, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
- 01/01/08 13:00,  0.010, 0.834,   5.8, 233.4,  23.4,   146,  29.3,  11.1, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
- 01/01/08 14:00,  0.007, 0.834,   5.1, 232.1,  23.3,   144,  29.3,  12.1, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
- 01/01/08 15:00,  0.005, 0.834,   4.3, 236.5,  23.1,   145,  29.3,  12.7, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
- 01/01/08 16:00,  0.006, 0.834,   3.8, 235.8,  23.0,   145,  29.3,  11.9, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
- 01/01/08 17:00,  0.008, 0.833,   3.5, 239.3,  22.9,   147,  29.3,  10.9, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
- 01/01/08 18:00,  0.012, 0.834,   3.1, 236.9,  22.9,   150,  29.2,   9.9,  0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
- 01/01/08 19:00,  0.016, 0.834,   2.3, 225.3,  22.9,   149,  29.2,   9.3,  0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
- 01/01/08 20:00,  0.009, 0.834,   2.3, 227.3,  23.0,   148,  29.2,   8.7,  0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
- 01/01/08 21:00,  0.015, 0.834,   1.9, 216.7,  23.0,   147,  29.1,   7.7,  0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
- 01/01/08 22:00,  0.012, 0.834,   2.4,     7.3,  23.1,   146,  29.1,   7.6,  0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
- 01/01/08 23:00,  0.009, 0.833,   2.1,   44.2,  23.2,   147,  29.1,   6.4,  0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,

## Quality Control

- Flow check
- 16.7 LPM +/- 4%
- Leak check
- Met One </= 1.00 LPM
- CARB <1.00 LPM
- Ideal </= 0.4 LPM
- If either check fails,
- 	invalidate data

## BAM-1020 Data With Code

- 01/11/08 11:00,  0.023, 0.833,   5.0, 190.1,  22.3,   173,  29.2,    9.8,  0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
- 01/11/08 12:00,  0.015, 0.834,   4.5, 198.7,  22.3,   171,  29.2,  10.0,  0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
- 01/11/08 13:00,  0.017, 0.834,   4.2, 225.7,  22.3,   169,  29.3,  10.4,  0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
- 01/11/08 14:00,  0.010, 0.834,   3.9, 209.7,  22.3,   168,  29.3,  10.9,  0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
- 01/11/08 15:00,  0.995, 0.000,   4.6, 198.5,  22.4,   167,  29.3,  11.0,  0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
- 01/11/08 16:00,  0.006, 0.836,   4.2, 202.2,  22.3,   164,  29.3,  11.2,  0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
- 01/11/08 17:00,  0.005, 0.834,   4.3, 204.2,  22.3,   168,  29.3,  10.7,  0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
- 01/11/08 18:00,  0.005, 0.834,   4.0, 205.3,  22.2,   166,  29.3,  10.4,  0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
- 01/11/08 19:00,  0.005, 0.834,   4.2, 208.8,  22.2,   167,  29.2,  10.1,  0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
- 01/11/08 20:00,  0.004, 0.834,   3.7, 219.6,  22.3,   167,  29.2,    9.9,  0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
- 01/11/08 21:00,  0.003, 0.833,   4.2, 206.8,  22.3,   168,  29.2,    9.7,  0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
- 01/11/08 22:00,  0.005, 0.834,   2.9, 200.2,  22.3,   169,  29.2,    9.6,  0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
- 01/11/08 23:00,  0.006, 0.833,   2.4, 175.8,  22.3,   168,  29.2,    9.5,  0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
- 01/12/08 00:00,  0.009, 0.834,   2.6, 131.6,  22.3,   169,  29.2,    9.3,  0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,

## Things To Do

- Is your BAM-1020 up to date (all upgrades)
- Talk directly to Met One
- Develop an ATP w/ criteria
- Develop SOP w/ QC
- Site/install appropriately
- Evaluate network
- Troubleshoot and remedy
- Validate and review

## Current Network – What Next

- Maintain current BAM-1020 network
- BAM-1020 mainly used for:
- PM-AQI
- Ag-Burn Forecasting
- Special studies
- Evaluate FEM BAM-1020 Monitor
- Potential FEM BAM-1020 network upgrade

## Time Series (24 Hour Averages)

## Data Integrity

- THE PRICE OF QUALITY DATA IS CONSTANT VIGILANCE

## Contact Information

- Mac McDougall
- 916-327-4720
- _[emcdouga@arb.ca.gov](mailto:emcdouga@arb.ca.gov)_