# Presentation: 172084

## Coastal Zone Color ScannerCZCS

- Wayne E. Esaias
- Goddard Space Flight Center
- Oceans and Ice Branch
- October 27, 2004

## 			CZCS

- A Proof of Concept,  Demonstration
- First Visible scanner optimized to look at the dark oceans.
- 	Limited duty (alt days to SMMR), 2% data to L2 .
- Complemented SeaSAT scatterometer, imager, altimeter.
- How well can satellite data be used to identify and quantify material suspended and dissolved in ocean waters?
- Can this information help advance our understanding of oceanic processes, and the role of the ocean in the earth system.
- Highly successful

## James Acker ocean@daac.gsfc.nasa.gov 

- James Acker *ocean@daac.gsfc.nasa.gov *
- http://daac.gsfc.nasa.gov/oceancolor/classic_scenes/00_classics_index.shtml

## CZCS Nimbus Experiment Team (CZCS NET)

- Frank Anderson		NRIO, South Africa
- John Apel		Johns Hopkins Univ.,  APL
- Roswell Austin		Scripps Inst. Oceanography
- Dennis Clark		NOAA/NESS
- Sayed El-Sayed		Texas A & M
- Howard Gordon		U. Miami
- Warren Hovis		NOAA/NESS
- James Mueller		GSFC & San Diego State
- Boris Sturm		Joint Res. Center, Ispra
- Robert Wrigley		NASA Ames
- Charles Yentsch		Bigelow Laboratory
- Associates, Alternates Added Later
- W. Esaias		NASA GSFC
- C. McClain		NASA GSFC
- E. Baker			U. Washington
- P. Schlittenhardt		?
- H. Vander Piepen		DFVLR

## Slide 5

## Slide 6

## 			MAJOR ADVANCES

- Technology
- 	Spectral Bands, Depolarizer, Tilt worked
- 	Challenging radiometry - still is
- 	Atmospheric correction - clear water, dark target
- 	Need for SNR, calibration, stability
- 	Importance of vicarious calibration
- 	Importance of digital image processing
- Bio-Optics
- 	Biological Responses related to Physical Regimes
- 	Inverse methods, with an under-determined system
- 		First order assumptions work pretty well,
- 		most of the time, but there are  important limitations.
- 		Gelbstoffe, sediment scattering, pigments

## 		MAJOR ADVANCES

- Global Science
- 	Provided first-ever synoptic sampling for biology.
- 	Revolutionized the perception of the marine biosphere.
- 		Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (Carbon)
-      Variability and Magnitude of Photosynthesis in the Ocean
- 	is Comparable to Terrestrial Systems
- Operational Needs
-  	Feature Tracking
- 	Transparency - Visibility
- 	Fisheries
- 	Harmful Algal Blooms

## Pre-launch Gulf of Mexico Cruise, R/V GYRE

- Sayed El-Sayed		Ed Baker
- Dennis Clark		Al Strong
- Peter Schlittenhart		Bob Wrigley

## Biological Physical Dynamics

- Orinoco River Plume:
- nutrients > algae
- organic matter
- ocean currents
- Biological Physical _Dynamics_

- Phytoplankton Dynamics
- Ocean Carbon Flux

## Tasmania

- Gene Feldman
- http://daac.gsfc.nasa.gov/oceancolor/classic_scenes/00_classics_index.shtml

## Gulf Stream

- Location & Dynamics

- Acid Waste Dump, New York Bight

- James Acker *ocean@daac.gsfc.nasa.gov *
- http://daac.gsfc.nasa.gov/oceancolor/classic_scenes/00_classics_index.shtml

## from Oceanography

- from Space Brochure
- 2/84  U. Miami/GSFC

## Original standard L-2 Product - Film b&w positive

- Begin full global, digital products in 1985

## North Atlantic

- May, 1981
- CZCS Global Processing
- (land NDVI -AVHRR)

- Gaps on monthly
- periods

## Nov 78 - June 81 Composite

## CZCS February Climatology 1979-1986

## MORE  EVIDENCE  OF  SUCCESS 

## SeaWiFS BIOSPHERE

## Slide 20

## MODIS AQUA  July 2002-Sept. 2004

## Slide 22

## CZCS defines the beginning of the Ocean Biosphere Time Series

- Gregg et al. find evidence for a -6% decrease globally.
- Gregg W. W., M. E. Conkright, P. Ginoux, J. E. O'Reilly, N. W. Casey, Ocean primary production and climate: Global decadal changes, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30 (15), 1809, doi:10.1029/2003GL016889, 2003**.**** **