# Presentation: 531057

## Terminology 

- CG Chute
- HR Solbrig

## Who we are and what we are about

- Biomedical Informatics research group with emphasis
- Classification  and Ontologies
- Natural Language Processing
- Information Retrieval
- Active in standards communities
- HL7, ISO, ANSI HISB, PharmGKB, ...
- “Development and maintenance of effective indexing and access to comprehensive patient data.”

## Knowing what is available and where to find it.... (metadata)
Shared understanding of the meaning and intent of databases, forms, tables, columns and field content.
Managing the boundary between information models and structured vocabulary

- _Shared_ understanding of the *meaning* and intent of databases, forms, tables, columns and field *content*.
- Managing the boundary between information models and structured vocabulary

**What does “effective indexing and access to comprehensive patient data” entail?**

## Where we all want to be

- Interoperable information
- Comparable and consistent meanings
- Many systems based on a common, distributed *information base*
- Formal, machine readable metadata linked to a shared vocabulary
- Standardized,  interlocking vocabular_ies_ to glue it all together

## Terminological Resources

- Q: How do we convince developers and users to adopt a common set of terminologies for modeling and content?
- A1: Make doing so cost effective:
- 	Make terminologies readily *available*
- Standardize access and distribution
- Create open-source software packages that to lower the cost of entry
- A2: Create a demand
- 	Standardize, proselytize and demonstrate

## Preliminary Terminology ServerDesiderata (AMIA ’99)

- Word Normalization
- Word Completion
- Target Terminology Specification
- Spelling Correction
- Lexical Matching

- Term Completion
*Word Level Synonymy*
- Semantic Locality
- Term Composition
- Term Decomposition

## Mayo HeritageTerminology Services

- YATN – Yet Another Terminology Navigator  ’96
- Metaphrase (co-develop with LTI/Apelon) ‘97
*LQS – Lexicon Query Services ’98*
- MTS – Mayo Terminology Services ‘00

## Vision

- A heterogeneous, distributed collection of ontologies / terminologies...
- ...available through a common API
- ...joined through shared indices
- ...able to be extended, enhanced an annotated in a loosely-coupled, distributed fashion
- ...available in web-space on web-time

## A Heterogeneous, Distributed Collection of Terminologies

- UNPCS

- ICD-9

- ISO CC

- SNOMED-CT

- HL7

- ICD-10

- NCI

## Available through a Common API

- UNPCS

- O
- T
- S

- ICD-9

- O
- T
- S

- ISO CC

- O
- T
- S

- SNOMED-CT

- O
- T
- S

- HL7

- O
- T
- S

- ICD-10

- O
- T
- S

- NCI

- O
- T
- S

## Joined Through Shared Indices

**Joined Through Shared Indices**

- Index

- M
- T
- S

## Extended, enhanced an annotated in a loosely-coupled, distributed fashion

- O
- T
- S

- Localized
- Extensions

## Available in web space...

**Available in web space...**

**HTTP**
**FTP**
**SOAP**
**XML**
**RMI**
**CORBA**
**...**

**HTML**
**XML**
**RDF**
**OWL**
**CSV**
**...**

## ... on web-time

- Review

- Review

- Localized
- Extensions

## The Lexical Grid

**LexGrid**
**Model**

## LexGrid Implementation(open source foundations)

- LDAP Core (name directory)
- Lucene Index
- OTS API (Java/SOAP/Web Services)
- Import/Export/Revision Tools
- LDIF
- RDF/OWL
- Editors / viewers / prototypes

- Protégé Clips
- XML Schema, ...

## ImplementationOverview

**Implementation****Overview**

**LexGrid**
**Editor**

- OWL
- Tools

- Apelon
- Tools

- LDAP
- Tools

**OTS**

**OTS**

- LexGrid

**V-OWL**

**1) Implementation**

## Today Development Future

**Today ****Development**** ****Future**

**C**
**T**
**S**

**OTS**

**Lucene**
**Index**

**Transformation Toolkit**

- LDIF

- XML

- OWL

- Protégé

- Apelon

**...**

**LexGrid Model**

**LexGrid**
**Editor**

- OWL
- Tools

- Apelon
- Tools

- LDAP
- Tools

**OTS**

**OTS**

- LexGrid

**V-OWL**

## Standards

- Application Programming Interface
- CTS (Common Terminology Services)
- underway in HL7
- OTS (Open Terminology Services)
- CTS v 2.0
- Model
- LexGrid(LDAP) – IETF
- V-OWL – W3C
- Protégé – (de-facto)

## Content

- HL7 V3
- RxNorm
- NCI Metathesaurus
- ISO 3166 Country Codes
- ISO Language Codes
- Mime Types

- UNSPSC
- UMLS Semantic Net
- HL7 OID Registry
- ...

## Content

- ISO4217
- CIHI Clinical Service Reason
- CIHI Adjudication Reason
- Canadian Classification of Health Interventions
- CAN/CSA-Z795-96 (R2001)
- North American Industry Classification System
- IETF RFC 1766
- DICOM Class Label
- CPT-5
- CLIP
- CEN ECG diagnostic codes
- UCUM
- CDC Surveillance
- AS4 Neurophysiology Codes
- American Type Culture Collection
- American College of Radiology finding codes
- MDNS
- WHO Adverse Reaction Terms
- WHO ATC
- WHO rec# code with ASTM extension
- WHO rec# drug codes

- Medical Dictionary for Drug Regulatory Affairs (ME
- NAACCR
- National drug codes
- Medispan GPI
- Medical Economics Drug Codes
- Medical Economics Diagnostic Codes
- Medispan Diagnostic Codes
- First DataBank Drug Codes
- First DataBank Diagnostic Codes
- COSTART
- Chemical abstract codes
- CDC Vaccine Manufacturer Codes
- Read Classification
- CDC Vaccine Codes
- CDC Methods/Instruments Codes
- CDC Analyte Codes
- Unified Medical Language
- Universal Product Code
- UCDS
- SNOMED- DICOM Microglossary
- SNOMED topology codes (anatomic sites)

## Content

- SNOMED International
- POS Codes
- Systemized Nomenclature of Medicine (SNOMED)
- Omaha System
- Japanese Chemistry
- IUPAC/IFCC Component Codes
- IUPAC/IFCC Property Codes
- International Classification of Sleep Disorders
- ICHPPC-2
- International Classification of Diseases for Oncol
- ICD9
- ICCS
- HIBCC
- ICD-10  Procedure Codes
- Health Outcomes
- FDA K10
- Euclides Lab equipment codes
- Euclides Lab method codes
- Euclides  quantity codes
- EUCLIDES
- Enzyme Codes
- DICOM Query Label
- DICOM modality codes
- ASTM E1238/ E1467 Universal

- ICD-10
- The Read Codes Version 2
- The Read Codes Four Byte Set:
- Multum Lexicon
- MEDCIN
- ABCcodes
- ISO 11073-10101 Health informatics - Point-of-care
- Nursing Management Minimum Data Set
- Perioperative Nursing Data Set
- National Uniform Billing Council, UB 92
- NANDA
- ICD-9CM
- CAMNCVS
- ISBT
- Home Health Care
- NOC
- Nursing Intervention Classification
- HCFA Procedure Codes (HCPCS)
- CDT-2 Codes
- CPT-4
- URL
- MIME
- Logical Observation Identifier Names and Codes (LO

## LexGrid and the UMLS

- UMLS
- Centrally maintained
- Integrated and cross-referenced
- Incorporates many standard terminologies
- LexGrid
- Locally maintained
- Local extensions and enhancements
- Incorporates standard, non-standard and experimental terminologies

## LexGrid and the UMLS

- LexGrid augments UMLS by:
- Making UMLS ubiquitous
- Supports sub-setting
- Allowing dynamic UMLS extensions
- Allowing localizations and non-clinical terminologies

## LexGrid and caBIGWhat we have to offer

- A comprehensive terminology model in:
- LDAP Schema
- XML Schema
- Java
- (V-) OWL
- Protégé
- Supports broad content
- UMLS, GO, OBO, HUGO, caEVS, etc.

## LexGrid and caBIGWhat we have to offer

- Distribution Mechanisms
- LDAP push/pull distribution
- LexGrid XML
- XML Schema
- OWL
- CSV
- (whatever else you can put out in XSLT)

## LexGrid and caBIGWhat we have to offer

- Software *(open source)*
- CTS implementation
- OTS implementation
- Terminology editor
- Protege integration
- Includes a model for terminology/data integration

## LexGrid and caBIGWhat we have to offer

- Standard Terminology Content
- In LexGrid format
- Available on the web
- Clonable to local servers
- (see earlier slides)