# Presentation: 316954

## Slide 1

## Genesis - Launch

## GenesisSearch for Origins

**NASA **_**Sample Return**_** Mission**
**NASA’s first sample return mission since Apollo**
**First Sample Return from beyond the Moon**
**5****th**** “Discovery Class” mission**
**Mars Pathfinder**
**Near Earth Asteriod Rendezvous**
**Lunar Prospector**
**Stardust**
**Genesis**
**Characterized by **_**Focused Science Objectives**_**, **_**Low Cost**_**, **_**Short Development Time**_
**Conceived in early eighties; Selected in 1997 after a competition with 35 other mission proposals**
**A partnership of Academic, Industrial and NASA space: **
**Principal Investigator:  Dr. Don Burnett / Caltech**
**Project Management:  Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)**
**Payload:  Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) and JPL**
**Spacecraft: Lockheed Martin Space Systems, Denver, CO**
**Mission Ops:  JPL, LMA, LANL**
**Sample Curation: Johnson Center Space (JSC)**
**Outreach: JPL & McREL**

##  Science Objectives

** ****Science Objectives**

**To Collect Samples of the Solar Wind and Return them to Earth**
**To accurately determine the Composition of the Sun and then Address the Processes Involved in the Origins of the Solar System.**** **

**...... ****i.e., What’s the Data Used For?**

## 

1) What Is the Sun Made Of?

2) Are we made of the same stuff?  

3)	How Can We Explain the Great Diversity of Planetary
     Objects?

4) What Makes Earth Different From Its Planetary
     Neighbors?

**1) What Is the Sun Made Of?**
**2) Are we made of the same stuff?  **
**3)****	****How Can We Explain the Great Diversity of Planetary**
**     ****Objects?**
**4) What Makes Earth Different From Its Planetary**
**     ****Neighbors?**

**Sci-1R**

**But Don’t We Already Know the Composition**
**of the Solar Wind?**

**Examples of Major Science Questions ****for Which ****Genesis Will Provide Information**

## Essentially Little Is Known About SOLAR ISOTOPIC Composition

**Essentially **_**Little**_** Is Known ****About SOLAR ISOTOPIC Composition**

**    **
**1)    Apollo Foils Provided Precise Solar Wind He and Ne Isotope Ratio ****	****	****With ****20****Ne/****22****Ne Ratio a Surprising 38% Greater Than The Terrestial Atmosphere**
**2)   The Only Practical Source Of Solar Isotopic Abundances is the Solar Wind;**
**3)    No Solar-Terrestial Differences Can Be Seen for C, O, Mg Isotopes, **
**      ****but Uncertainty in the data is 5 - 40%**
**Best Source of Data:**
**There Is No Data For A Significant Number Of Elements Since They Cannot Be **
**     ****Measured At All**
**A Small Number of Elements Have Quoted Errors of **_**+**_**10% But Overall, There Are **
**     ****Large Uncertainties**
**Meteorite Analysis Depend On Knowledge Of Its “Background Noise”**

## Genesis – Ion Recipe

## Science Collection/Measurement

**Science Collection/Measurement**

**Measure Elemental & Isotopic Abundances of Solar Wind Ions.**
**Collect Separate Samples for Each of 3 Solar-Wind Regimes: Low Speed, Coronal Hole, and Coronal Mass Ejections**
**Provide a Reservoir of Solar Matter for Future Analysis **

## Collecting Solar Wind

**Photoshpere**
**(visible)**

**Coronal Hole**
**   ****(lowered coronal**
**      ****density)**

**Chromosphere**
**(uv & x-ray)**

**Corona**
**(uv & x-ray)**

**Radiative Zone**

**Convective Zone**

_**Solar Wind      **_
**Quasi-Stationary**
**300 - 800 km/sec**
**Transient**
**Up to **
**1000 km/sec**

_**Wind Regimes_**_
**	**
**IS**** = Interstream  60%**
**       ****(Slow Wind) ****	**
**CH**** = Coronal      25%**
**         ****Holes**
**        ****(Fast Wind)****	****	**
**CME**** = Coronal   15% **
**             ****Mass**
**             ****Ejection **
**             ****(Low or **
**              ****High Speed)****	**

_**Science Devices**_
_**GEM & GIM Monitors**_
**Select Regime & Grid Voltage**
_**Collectors Arrays**_
**2 Bulk Collectors**
**IS Bottom (L) #3**
**CH Middle (H) #2**
**CME Top (E)  #1**
_**Concentrator**_
**Mass 6-22   Primary - Oxygen**
_**Secondary Collector**_
**Radioactive Nuclei**

**Core **
**(fusion)**

**Collecting Solar Wind**

**Flares/Coronal **
**Transients**

## Genesis – Flying Ions

##    Collector Array Design

**Requirements on Collectors:**
**Bulk Solar-Wind Collector Area, > 0.6 m****2**
**Each of 3 Special-Regime Collector Areas, > 0.3 m****2**
**Material From Each Array Shall Be Uniquely Identifiable In Case Material is Dislodged.**
**Radioactive Nuclei Collectors Exposed in Lid of SRC. **

**Schematic View of Top 100 nm**

**Array**
**• ****55 Standard**
**• ****6 Partial**

**Wafer**

##   Collecting Solar Wind Ions

**  ****Collecting Solar Wind Ions**

## Completed Flight H-Array in Clean Room

## Spacecraft Configurations

## Spacecraft on Launch Vehicle

## Spacecraft in Launch Vehicle Faring

## Spacecraft on Launch Pad at KSC

## Spacecraft in Clean Room

**Spacecraft in Clean Room**

## The GENESIS Payload

## Genesis

## Mission Trajectory

**Genesis is here 6/25/04**

## Mission Events

**Mission Events**

**Launch****	****	****	**** ****	****	****8/8/2001**
**Start of Sample Collection****	****	****10/21/2001**
**Halo Orbit Insertion****	****	****	****11/16/2001**
**Completion of Sample Collection****	****4/2/2004**
**Sample material collected**
**	****	****~10^20 Ions**
**	****	****~0.5 milligrams**
**Earth “Flyby” on way to L2****	****	****5/2/2004**
**Sample Capsule Return to Earth****	****	****9/8/2004**

## SRC Separation

**SRC Separation**

- SRC release at E – 4 hrs
- R ~ 60K km

## Entry

## Genesis – Atmospheric Entry

## Genesis Safe Arrival ZoneUtah Test & Training Range

## Genesis – Drogue & Parafoil & view from SRC

## Genesis Mid-Air Capture - View from Helo

## GenesisSearch for Origins