# Presentation: 520253

## Surviving the Internet

- Surviving the Internet

- Strategies for the High-Tech Reference Desk

## Or, How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Web

## Digital Reference

- How did we get into this situation?
- Librarians vs. patron information seeking behavior
- Survival tool sites

**Notes:**
The History of the Internet

## First, a Mental Model of the Web

- Where did it come from?
- What is its history?
- How does it work?

## Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol 

- Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol** **

- TCP/IP allows communication across platforms.
- Acts like the transporter in *Star Trek*: A Web page breaks up into “packets”, disappears, then reassembles at its destination.

**Notes:**
Internet invented in 1969 to help the military maintain communications.

## Web Born in 1990

- Tim Berners-Lee invented it at CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research), near Geneva.
- Designed for physicists to share information.
- Marc Andreessen invented the first graphical browser, Mosaic, in 1993 at the University of Illinois.

## World Wide Web Has Grown Exponentially

- 2001 survey shows that Internet is the only thing in 50 years that has attracted the young away from television
- Clifford Lynch re: Melvyl: “For these users, anything not in the database effectively does not exist.”

**Notes:**
2001 survey shows that Internet is the only thing in 50 years that has attracted the young away from television
Clifford Lynch told story of how patrons would wait for Melvyl rather than look in a microfiche. “For these users, anything not in the database effectively does not exist.”

## Who Uses the Web?

- Russian Mafia
- Islamic extremists
- Homeless guys in libraries

**Notes:**
Well, at least they are not hiding in the stacks anymore.
If they can do it, we can do it.

## Information Seeking Behavior

- Humans are irrational and lazy
- Humans “satisfice”, settling for “good enough”
- Is this bad?

## “The Convenience Catastrophe”: Roy Tennant

- Patrons are happy with a quick and mediocre answer
- Patrons can’t distinguish between types of libraries
- If they see the Internet as the answer to most of their questions, does that make librarians obsolete?

## Librarians Think in Boolean

- We focus on finding the “Right Answer”
- Obsessive compulsive tendencies are plusses in the library world
- We feel offended when patrons value convenience over accuracy

## We must acknowledge our resistance to change

- We librarians have many years of education and training.
- Still, the public does not understand or respect our expertise.
- Do remote services make us feel even more extraneous than we already do?

## Patrons Expect Convenience

- Remote service nullifies the restriction of offering service at a particular time and place
- Banks have it
- Public can buy books with it: Amazon.com

## Panic Factor

- Once we offer our skills for free on the Web, we open the doors to a flood of new unsophisticated users.
- How can we cope?

## Our Reputation at Stake

- Can we combine speed with accuracy in answering questions on the Web?
- Will we end up with egg on our face?

## Our Public Still Needs Us

- Our role changes from intermediary to teacher
- Patrons still need searching skills
- They need critical thinking skills more than ever

## Five Quality Points

**Authority**: What are the author's credentials?
**Currency**: Is the page up-to-date?
**Accuracy/Bias**: Hidden agenda?
**Commercialism**: Are they trying to sell something?
**Scope/Coverage**: Does the information answer your question--and in enough depth?

## The Three World Wide Webs

- The Open Web
- Anything that can be found with a search engine
- Free
- The Gated Web
- Databases that cost money
- The Invisible Web

## Databases that can only be queried through a particular page or “front end”
Cannot be “seen” by search engines
Example: “American Memory”

- Databases that can only be queried through a particular page or “front end”
- Cannot be “seen” by search engines
- Example: “American Memory”

**Notes:**
What is it?

## Three Basic Web Survival Tools 

**Google** [http://www.google.com/] This is an uncannily precise search engine. Use for almost everything, including spell checking and finding quotes.
**Librarians Index to the Internet** [http://www.lii.org] You need quality information from the Internet? You will find it here, searchable, classified, annotated, and signed.
**About.com** [http://about.com] This is a great place to get the hobbyist’s view of “popular” topics on the Web.

## Google:It Is Magic!

## Yes, thank you, Google

## http://www.lii.org
Librarians evaluating sites for librarians
Searchable

- Librarians evaluating sites for librarians
- Searchable

- Librarians’ Indexto the Internet

## Slide 24

## Enthusiasts power About.com

## Slide 26

## Ready Reference 

**The Internet Public Library (IPL)** [http://www.ipl.org] Every link in this searchable collection have been carefully selected, cataloged, and described by a member of the IPL staff. Use their reference section for current links to quality resources. Visit “Youth Resources” to answer those pesky homework questions.
**InfoPlease Almanac** [http://www.infoplease.com/] This is a great destination for quick answers to many questions.  Find maps, definitions, and brief biographies here.
**Merriam-Webster Online**  [http://www.m-w.com/dictionary.htm]  It’s a dictionary and a thesaurus.  Keep it open always.

## People Finders

**SuperPages **[http://www.superpages.com/] Use Verizon’s interface to do nationwide searches of white and yellow pages.
**Worldpages.com **[http://global.wpz.com/] Click into the phone books of over 235 countries through this interface.
**The Ultimates** [http://www.theultimates.com] *The Ultimates* will run a name through several telephone directories without forcing the user to retype.

**Search Systems** [http://www.pac-info.com] Here is a directory of links to over 1,250 searchable, freely accessible public record databases.
**KnowX **[http://www.knowx.com] Search its business, people, and professional license databases for free.  If you find your person, pay a minimal fee to view detailed results.

## Full Text Online

**On-line Books Page** [http://digital.library.upenn.edu/books/] This definitive, searchable directory to books freely readable over the Web will help you find any copy of a classic you might need. Search by author, title, or Library of Congress subject heading.
**FindArticles.com** [http://www.findarticles.com/PI/index.jhtml] Need articles?  Search this free archive of full-text articles dating back to 1998 from more than 300 magazines and journals.
**MagPortal.com** [http://magportal.com/] MagPortal collects and classifies links to those newsletters and magazines that offer current, interesting, yet free content on the Web.

## Business Information

**Hoovers Online** [http://www.hoovers.com] This is the best site for reliable, and often free, business information on the Web.
**Thomas Register** [http://www.thomasregister.com/]In return for a free registration, find out who manufactures what where in the U.S.
**Yahoo! Finance** [http://finance.yahoo.com/] This is a comprehensive portal for current and historical company data, investment information, stock quotes from major U.S. and Canadian exchanges.
**CorporateInformation** [http://www.corporateinformation.com] Register for free to find information about companies in 65 countries.

## Law Resources

**Nolo** [http://www.nolopress.com/] For 30 years, Nolo Press has been “putting the law into plain English”.  Use their “Law Centers” for free information on everyday legal topics.
**FindLaw** [http://www.findlaw.com] This is the first-stop, premier law resource on the Web. It features a legal subject index, access to cases and codes, information about law schools, law reviews, and legal associations and organizations.
**Legal Information Institute at Cornell University** [http:// www.law.cornell.edu/] This is the research tool of choice to find the text of laws. Find state laws, federal laws, and laws from around the world.

## Medical Resources

**The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy** [http://www.merck.com/pubs/mmanual]  Completely searchable, this online publication lists the causes, symptoms, and prognosis of just about everything that can go wrong with you. Too hard to understand? Check out its sister site, *The Merck Manual Home Edition* [http://www.merckhomeedition.com].
**MayoClinic.com** [http://www.mayohealth.org/home] The famous Mayo Clinic in Minnesota offers this resource, which gives reliable, general information about many different ailments and conditions.

## Medical Resources

**InteliHealth** [www.intelihealth.com/] This consumer health site from the Harvard Medical School aims to offer you the Web’s most comprehensive collection of consumer health information from the best possible sources.  Features the *Merriam-Websters Medical Dictionary* online [http://www.intelihealth.com/IH/ihtIH/WSIHW000/9276/9276.html?k=navx408x9276].
**MEDLINEplus Health Information** [http://medlineplus.gov] The National Library of Medicine has assembled its resources onto one attractive portal designed for general health consumers.
**RxList.com** [http://www.rxlist.com] RxList lets you search by drug name, imprint code, or keyword then offers direct access to Taber's Medical Encyclopedia from the result page.

## Statistics

**FedStats: One Stop Shopping for Federal Statistics** [http://www.fedstats.gov] "More than 70 agencies in the United States federal government produce statistics.  This site provides easy access to the full range of statistics and information produced by these agencies.
**University of Michigan Documents Center** [http://www.lib.umich.edu/govdocs/index.html] This is central reference and referral point for government information, whether local, state, federal, foreign, or international.

## Sites for Students

**Biography.com** [http://www.biography.com/] Use this site to "search over 25,000 of the greatest lives, past and present."
**Science Fair Central** [http://school.discovery.com/sciencefaircentral/] Visit the Discovery Channel's guide to science fair projects.  Get guidance to the steps required in an experiment, get ideas, and search their links and suggested books for data.
**QuickMath** [http://www-sci.lib.uci.edu/HSG/RefCalculators.html] Type in an algebra or calculus problem and have the MathScript server calculate results for you.
**FinAid: The Financial Aid Information Page** [http://www.finaid.org] Here is a comprehensive page of student financial aid links.

## Travel Sites

**QIXO** [http://www.qixo.com] Here is a metasearch engine for travel, a “bot” that aggregates data from at least 27 independent travel sites, including Expedia, Orbitz, the airlines' own sites and smaller sites specializing in travel to certain destinations.
**MapBlast** [http://www.mapblast.com/] MapBlast, was one of the first mapmakers on the Web. If you know the address, you can get a map and directions for over 200 countries, including the Slovak Republic.
**Weather Underground** [http://www.wunderground.com/] This site offers forecasts where others fear to tread. Cuba, for example.

**Onanda.com** [http://www.oanda.com/convert/classic] Get your current and historical currency conversion rates here.
**Indo.com: How Far Is It?** [http://www.indo.com/distance/] Type the names of any two cities into the search boxes on this Indonesian travel site, and it will tell you the distance between them (as the crow flies) in miles, kilometers, and nautical miles (in case you will be swimming).

## Other Useful Links

**ConsumerSearch** [http://www.consumersearch.com] Need to buy a new “durable good”? This site pulls consumer advice from various consumer review sources into one place. Read their “Full Story” report or jump to the “Fast Answers” section.
**Kelley Blue Book** [http://www.kbb.com/] Find the value of old and new cars on this site.
**Internet Movie Database** [http://www.imdb.com/] Visit this site for an amazing amount of information about everything cinematic.

## Keeping Up With Web Change

**Librarians' Index to the Internet: New This Week** [http://www.lii.org/search/file/mailinglist] Sign up for LII’s current awareness service for keeping track of great new Web sites! Every week, the Librarians' Index to the Internet will e-mail you a list of the best ten to twenty Web sites newly added to this high quality, searchable resource.
**Yahoo! What's New** [http://dir.yahoo.com/new/] Get the scoop on new, hand-picked sites added to *Yahoo!* in the last week.
**ResearchBuzz **[http://www.researchbuzz.com/] Tara Calishain covers the world of Internet research. Have her entertaining newsletter sent to your e-mail weekly

## Keeping Up With Web Change

**SearchDay Newsletter** [http://www.searchenginewatch.com/searchday/searchday.html] Chris Sherman, Associate Editor of Search Engine Watch, keeps us informed about Web searching trends in a companionable way.
**BusinessWeek Online: Technology** [http://www.businessweek.com/technology/] Designed so that non-technical managers can stay abreast of helpful new technologies by investing fifteen minutes weekly reading these stories.

## If All Else Fails

**LibDex** [http://www.libdex.com/] Need to direct remote patrons back to their home turf? Search *LibDex* to find the Web pages of libraries around the world.

## And We Become Masters of the Medium and the Machines!

- A Few Simple Tricks . . .

## We Not Only Survive, We Triumph!

## Questions?