# Presentation: 708386

## Archived Information

**The information in this presentation is archived for historical and reference purposes only.**

## Purpose

- 	To provide formula grants to the 50 State educational agencies (SEAs), Bureau of Indian Affair, and insular areas, to enable States to provide all homeless children and youth equal _**access**_ to the same free appropriate public education, as provided to other children and youth.

## Appropriations

- FY 1995		28.8 million
- FY 1996		23.0 million
- FY 1997		25.0 million
- FY 1998		28.8 million
- FY 1999		28.8 million
- FY 2000		28.8 million

## Status of Program

- Currently all 50 States are participating in the Education for Homeless Children and Youth program.  (except District of Columbia).

## Subgrants

- LEAs must designate a homeless liaison
- Subgrants can be awarded for a period not to exceed 3 years
- Subgrants must be awarded on the basis of need and quality of the application
- Currently there are only 546 Subgrants which represent about 3% of the total School Districts in the country

## Number of Homeless Children and Youth

- 1989 - 272,773
- 1991 - 327,416
- 1993 - 744,266
- 1997 - 841,730

## Barriers

- Reasons Homeless Children and Youth Are Not Attending School
- Lack of Transportation to or from temporary residence
- Lack of school records - academic, health and immunization
- State guardianship/residency requirements not uniformly interpreted by school;
- Lack of birth certificates

## Unique Needs of Homeless Children and Youth

- Tutoring/Remediation		(44 States)
- Transportation			(40 States)
- Preschool Programs		(39 States)
- Records Transfer		(24 States)
- Enrollment			(23 States)
- Special Education		(20 States)

## Coordination with other Federal Programs

- Title I requires that districts provide services for homeless children and youth.  Homeless children and youth are automatically eligible to receive Title I services by virtue of their homelessness alone.

## Title I Requirements

- States have developed or adopted challenging content standards and challenging student performance standard and an aligned set of assessments for _all _students. -- Sec.1111

## Title I Requirements

- Reservation of Title I Funds - a local education agency shall reserve such funds as are necessary under this part to provide services comparable to those provided to children in schools funded under this part to serve where appropriate eligible homeless children who do not attend participating schools, including providing educationally related support services to children in shelters. -- Sec. 1113

- These funds can be used for:
- Basic medical equipment (glasses, hearing aids etc.)
- Compensation of a coordinator if necessary
- Professional development and awareness raising to assist teachers in meeting the needs of homeless children and youth.

## Title I Requirements

- Inclusion of homeless programs and activities in consolidated plans and local education agency plans in meaningful and substantiative way.

## For Example:

- Same high standards for students performance of homeless children and youth as for non-homeless children and youth.
- Parental involvement activities
- Parent/teacher/student compacts
- Flexible meetings for parents
- Necessary professional development to assist teachers in meeting needs of homeless children

## Homeless Children and Youth

- Other Title I Opportunities
- RIF (Reading Is Fundamental)
- LEA/Shelters collaborations (Learning Doll Project)
- Coordinated services between Title I and Homeless Program
- Library Programs and Services

## Key Policy Issue

- Separate Schools
- Outreach to Homeless Youth
- Enrollment of Pre-School Children
- Immediate Enrollment

## States have successfully reduced many barriers to enrollment--however the level of success varies.
Immunization  -- Most states have addressed.
Guardianship  -- Still presents a significant barrier.
Transportation -- The major remaining barrier.
Youth ages 12 and up face additional barriers to school enrollment; for example, attendance policies and secondary school credit accrual.

- Immunization  -- Most states have addressed.
- Guardianship  -- Still presents a significant barrier.
- Transportation -- The major remaining barrier.
- Youth ages 12 and up face additional barriers to school enrollment; for example, attendance policies and secondary school credit accrual.

**TRENDS #1:**  *Barriers to Enrollment*

## TRENDS #2:  Barriers to Success

- Frequent mobility
- Lack of awareness and sensitivity
- Inability to complete school assignments
- Lack of psychological services
- Poor health and inadequate medical care
- Physical needs -- food, clothing, health care

## TRENDS #3:  Access to Special Programs and Services  Homeless children have difficulty accessing the following programs and services

- Special Education
- Head Start
- Gifted and Talented
- Even Start
- Programs for English language learners

## Clearinghouse

- 	National Center for Homeless Education (NCHE) is a component of the educational organizations associated with the school of Education headquartered at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro.
- The goals of the NCHE are to:
- Disseminate important resources and referral information related to the complex issues surrounding the education of homeless children
- Foster collaboration among various organizations with interest in addressing the education of homeless children
- Promote national grassroots awareness of homeless issues.

## For more information about NCHE contact:Dr. Beth Garriss, DirectorNational Center for Homeless Education at SERVE1100 West Market Street, Suite 300Greensboro, North Carolina 274031-800-755-3277Email:  homeless@serve.orgorbgserv@aol.com