# Presentation: 166429

## Ontological analysis of the semantic types

**Anand ****Kumar**** ****MBBS, PhD**
- IFOMIS, University of Saarland, Germany.

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## Biological Entity

**Biological Entity**

**Biological Continuants**

**Biological Occurants (processes,**
**events, actions)**

**Independent Biological**
**Continuant (FMA: Material**
**Anatomic Entity)**

**Dependent Biological**
**Continuant**

**Dependent Anatomical**
**Continuant (FMA: Immaterial**
**Anatomical entity – **
**    ****point, space,**
**    ** **surface, line)**

**Dependent **
**Physiological**
**Continuant **
**(function)**

**Anatomic**
**Structure**
**(Organ system,**
**      ****Organ...)**

**Body Substance**

## Market: Producer/Service provider; Customer;

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**Market: Producer/Service provider; Customer;**
**Interest and motivation of customer; Resources**

**Products: Goods and Services**

**Need: Basic forces which drive customers to take action and **
**engage in exchanges**
**Difference between current state and desired state**

**Market segmentation**
**Niche products**
**Competitors**

**Market, product and service**

**Want: Specific ways of satisfying a basic need  **

## Behavior: Social behavior, Individual behavior

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**Behavior: Social behavior, Individual behavior**

**Molecular Biology Research Technique **

**Biological function: Physiological function: **
**Organism function, Organ or Tissue function, Cell function,**
**Molecular function**

**Pathologic function: Disease or syndrome, Experimental **
**model of disease**

***Events***** which are not events**

## Spatial concept: Body slope or region, Body space 

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**Spatial concept: Body slope or region, Body space **
**or junction, Geographic area, Molecular sequence **

**Conceptual entity: Organism attribute: Clinical atrribute **

**Chemical: Chemical viewed structurally, Chemical viewed**
**functionally **

***Concepts***** which are not concepts**

**Conceptual entity: Finding: Laboratory or test result, Sign **
**or symptom**
** **

## Finding: Sign or symptom

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**Finding: Sign or symptom**

**Should not be mixed into ontology per se**

**Many, many semantic types can have parallel findings **

***Epistemology***** within Ontology**

**Finding vs. Disease or syndrome**
** **

**Obesity - BMI, Finding**
**Hypertension – Systolic/Diastolic pressure, Finding**

## Single child 

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_**Single child**_** **
**Plant:Algae**
**Mammal: Human**
**Occupation or discipline: Biomedical occupation or disease**
**Manufactured object: Medical device**
**Medical device: Drug delivery device**
**Pharmacologic substance: Antibiotic**
**Organism attribute: Clinical attribute**
**Functional concept: Body system**
**Research activity: Molecular biology research technique**
**Organism function: Mental process**
**Molecular function: Genetic function**

**Jointly exhaustive and Pairwise disjoint**

## Anatomic structure and organism: problem of granularity

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**Anatomic structure and organism: problem of granularity**

**Jointly exhaustive and Pairwise disjoint**

**Manufactured object: Medical device, Research device, **
**Clinical drug**

**Intellectual product: Regulation or law, classification**

**Organization: Health Care related organization, Professional**
**soceity, Self-help or relief organization**

**Conceptual entity: Organism attribute, Finding, Idea or **
**concept, Occupation of discipline, Organization, Group, **
**Group attribute, Intellectual product, Language **

**Laboratory Procedure, Diagnostic Procedure, Therapeutic or**
**preventive procedure **

## UMLS took many of its SN classes from original sources

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**UMLS took many of its SN classes from original sources**
**Some sources given preference over other **

**Sources and UMLS SN**

**Medical Entities Dictionary - Chemical viewed functionally **
**- Biologically active substance**

**Read Code - Region as parent of anatomical entity**

**UMLS SN influence on NCI Thesaurus**
**Neoplasm by morphology: Mucinous neoplasm**
**Neoplasm: Neoplasm by morphology**
**Mucinous neoplasm semantic_type Neoplastic process**
** **

**Chain of responsibility**

**UMLS influences new Thesaurus/Ontology**

## Current market, Current product: 

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**Current market, Current product: **
**Market penetration strategy**
**Increase market share: Increase frequency of usage,**
**Increase quantity used, New applications**

**Growth strategy (Mullins, Walker and Boyd)**

**Current market, New product:**
**Product development strategy**
**Product improvement, Product-line extension, New products**

**New market, Current product: **
**Market development strategy**
**Geographic extension, Target new segments**

**New market, New product:**
**Diversification strategy**
**Vertical integration, Concentric diversification, Conglomerate**
** **

## Correct certain mistakes

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**Correct certain mistakes**

**Suggestions**

**Modularize, if needed (ICD10 vs. Snomed CT)**

**Carefully evaluate the sources (Digital anatomist, now FMA)**

**Commit much less if resources are untenable**
** **

**Enlighten Electronic Health Record standardizations (New**
**NLM - HL7 contract, Snomed CT, LOINC) **
** **

**Follow shifting interests of current customers (EHRs, Bio) **

**Do not cover mistakes of Semantic types by modifying **
**relations between them**

**Expand luxuriously if resources are present**
** **

## Ontological analysis of the semantic types

**Anand ****Kumar**** ****MBBS, PhD**
- IFOMIS, University of Saarland, Germany.

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