# Presentation: 218551

## General Emergency Services

- Adapted from the
- National Emergency Services Curriculum Project

## Part 1General Emergency Services

- Missions
- Qualifications
- Activation
- Sign-In
- Risks
- Responsibility

- Bloodborne Pathogens
- Negligence
- Posse Comitatus
- Media & Bystanders
- Reimbursement
- Partner Agencies

**Notes:**
This is the first class that any member planning to be involved in CAP Emergency Services (ES) Operations should take.  It is geared for the entry level personnel primarily, but also discusses hot topics in ES that all members need to know about who will work ES missions.

This course is expected to take 3 to six hours including written examinations and question and answer periods.

Upon completion of this course, students should take the CAPT 116.  Once a member has passed the current CAPT 116, they are considered 101 qualified in the GES specialty qualification, and can then continue on to receive training in other specialties as outlined on the appropriate CAPF 101Ts.

## Types of MissionsP-0001

- Search and Rescue (ground and air)
- Disaster Relief
- Reconnaissance
- Counterdrug
- Transportation

**CAPR 60-3**, “CAP ES Training & Operational Missions”
- contains Mission Policies and Procedures

**Notes:**
CAP has a variety of ES missions.  CAP is primarily known for it’s aviation Search And Rescue (SAR) capability, but we also routinely are involved in several other areas.  During disasters CAP members are often called out to provide communications or mission management support, establish shelters in heavily damaged areas, transport specialty teams or government officials to disaster sites, or take overhead photos of damage done by storms or other calamities.
CAP participates in the War on Drugs in the US as well through it’s Counterdrug program.  Using the skills learned to support search and rescue and disaster relief operations, our aircrews routinely fly spotting missions to locate drug plots and clandestine airfields, and our crews also transport DEA and Customs agents along with many other law enforcement personnel when requested.  Remember though that CAP does not actively participate in law enforcement matters like detention and surveillance, and is normally not doing anything that normal citizens couldn’t do, we’re just organized.
The CAP will not normally be used for routine patient transfers or medical evacuations. (8)
CAPR60-3 outlines the policies and procedures for execution of these CAP missions. (1)
Search and rescue missions for Civil Air Patrol are executed pursuant to CAPR 60-3 AND the U.S. Supplement to the International Aviation and Maritime SAR Manual. (21)

## Mission Support to other Agencies

- A Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) establishes the basis for mutual cooperation and support
- Air Force Rescue Coordination Center (AFRCC)
- Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
- Red Cross
- Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Admin. (NOAA)
- National Weather Service (NWS)
- Salvation Army
- U.S. Customs
- Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)
- State Agencies
- Others

**Notes:**
CAP routinely works with many agencies throughout the United States.  The main players in the ES arena are listed above, but we have many others at the national level, never mind several hundred at the local level.

A Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) is a written agreement that establishes the basis for mutual cooperation and coordination between CAP and supported organizations and agencies.  Wing/State MOU’s should not be signed by a state official until after it is approved by HQ CAP-USAF.

These MOUs tell us the requirements for both agencies when working joint operations including things like contact information for resources, reimbursement procedures, and liability coverage.

## General ES (GES) Rating

- The General Emergency Services rating is required of all individuals qualifying in emergency and will be completed prior to commencing training of any specialty rating.

- Requirements for GES Rating:
- Current CAP Membership Seniors: CPPT and Level I
- Cadets:  Achievement 1
- Pass CAPF 116 Test Part 1
- Records:
- CAPF 101T issued to member
- CAPF 114 kept by unit
- MIMS database updated

*The first step to ES mission participation*

**Notes:**
To participate in emergency services training or operations, personnel must be current members.  Seniors must complete Level One and Cadet Protection Program Training (CPPT).  Cadets must complete Achievement One. (15)  Individuals in temporary membership status are eligible to accomplish academic training activities but are not authorized to observe mission base training and operations due to liability issues since they are not eligible for liability coverage under the Federal Employees Compensation Act (FECA).  In addition, they may not participate in any flight activities (including flight line activities) or ground team field activities. Other than these, there are no prerequisite requirements for GES. CAPF 101T with the General ES rating will be approved by the unit commander or his or her designee(s) upon completion of the requirements for the specialty.

## Mission Staffing

**Ground and Urban Direction Finding Teams**
- Ground Team Leader
- Ground Team Member
- Urban DF Team
**Aircrews**
- Mission Pilot
- Observer
- Scanner
**Mission Staff**
- Incident Commander
- Air & Ground Operations
- Communications
- Others

**Notes:**
CAP personnel participating in ES operations primarily fall into three categories: Ground & Urban DF Teams, Aircrews, and Mission Staff.  Ground teams are often used on disaster relief operations when air operations are precluded due to weather. (4) 

Not every position is required for every mission, but these are the areas that you can train to support our efforts.

Also, if any of you already have specialty skills like training in Critical Incident Stress Management, Collapse Rescue, or other useful areas let your unit ES staff know so that they can pursue getting that technical specialty added to your 101 card as well and get you listed as a resource in that area.  It takes several personnel to make every mission happen and the requirements vary depending on the type and depth of the mission.  Each of these specialties has requirements for training and qualification as they have specific job requirements.  These are outlined in our emergency services regulations.

## Specialty Qualification Training

- Personnel are authorized to train for the specialty rating qualifications by their unit commander (including approved emergency services school directors) except incident commander or agency liaison
- National Task Guides at the National Emergency Services Curriculum Project page must be used:
- http://level2.cap.gov/visitors/programs/operations/emergency_services/emergency_services_curriculum.cfm
- Training to qualify is expected to take place within two years
- A Specialty Qualification Training Record (SQTR) is used to document your training

## Specialty Qualification Training

- Prerequisites
- GES Rating & CAPF101T
- Familiarization and Preparatory Training
- Unit level classes

- Advanced Training
- CAPT 117
- OJT at 2 missions / sorties

- CAPF 101 with Specialty Rating
- “Qualified”
- May be Evaluator with SET training

- Supervised
- Mission
- Training

- Mission
- Qualified in
- Specialty

- Pre-Mission
- Training

**Notes:**
Once trainees have met the prerequisites, they will be required to complete familiarization and preparatory training for the specialty before serving in that position on actual or training missions under supervision. Familiarization and preparatory training is the minimum set of tasks that the member must master prior to acting as a supervised trainee on practice or actual missions. These tasks represent those skills that will keep the member safe and allow the member to function under supervision without jeopardizing the mission. This requirement avoids placing personnel not ready to perform certain jobs or those who work for them at risk. Once familiarization and preparatory training is completed, trainees must complete advanced training and participate satisfactorily in two missions / sorties before a CAPF 101 is approved and a member is considered “Qualified.”

## Specialty QualificationsP-0002

- Mission specialties are added by:
- Serving in a trainee position at two practice missions
- Meeting training requirements
- Obtaining certification of qualified Evaluator (members cannot certify their own training)

- Documents:
- CAPF 101
- CAPF 114
- MIMS
- SQTR

**Notes:**
Authority to approve the initial CAPF 101 in each specialty above General ES may not be delegated below wing level.  Subsequent CAPFs 101 will be approved at the unit level unless the wing commander limits this action via an approved supplement to this regulation. Once final approval for a CAPF 101 is granted, the member, unit commander or other designated staff officers can print the CAPF 101. It is recommended that the member or units laminate the printed 101 card for extended use by the member. CAPFs 101 for incident commanders and agency liaisons must be approved at the wing level or higher.
CAP ES mission specialty qualifications are documented on the CAPF 101.  This card must be carried by the member along with a current membership card to participate in missions. (14).
The Emergency Services Specialty Qualification Record, the CAPF 114 is maintained by the members unit. (3)
Keep copies of your qualification documentation; you may want to transfer your qualifications out of state, and  it  is possible your files will get lost or damaged.

## Specialty Qualification Renewal

- Most specialty qualifications expire 3 years from the date the qualification was attained
- Evaluation at one mission by qualified Evaluator
- Renewal exceptions are:

| Specialty Exceptions | Reason for Exception |
| --- | --- |
| General Emergency Services | Specialty expires on if a new CAPT 116 is issued |
| Transport Mission Pilot | Specialty expires if CAP pilot status is revoked |
| SAR/DR Mission Pilot | Specialty expires if CAP pilot status is revoked or CAPF 91 lapses |
| Air or Ground Radiological Monitor | Currency requirements as approved by CAP/DOS |
| Critical Incident Stress Team (CIST) | Specialty expires when the member is removed from a CAP CIST |

- CAPR60-3, Attachment 4 lists equivalent specialty qualifications for renewal
- Members may re-qualify without re-accomplishing all training requirements if expired less that 2 years

**Notes:**
Specialty ratings on CAPF 101 generally remain valid through the last day of the 36th month (3 years) from the date issued (16 & 17).
Individuals previously qualified in a specialty qualification area may re-qualify without re-accomplishing all initial training requirements provided the specialty expired less than two years ago. (18)  Specialty qualifications expired more than two years are not re-issued until re-accomplishment of all initial training and qualification requirements. (19)
CAPR 60-3, Attachment 4 lists specialties that may be accepted as equivalent for renewal of specialty qualifications (23).

## Partner AgenciesP-0006

- FEMA	Federal Emergency Management Agency
- Federal coordinator for declared disasters
- AFNSEP	Air Force National Security Emergency Prep.
- Coordinates USAF resources during disasters
- AFRCC	Air Force Rescue Coordination Center
- Inland search and rescue coordinator
- NTSB	National Transportation Safety Board
- Investigates aircraft accidents

**Notes:**
In a Presidential disaster declaration, a Federal Coordinating Officer (FCO) is appointed to coordinate all federal assistance to local/state governments. This FCO is usually from FEMA.  FEMA is the Federal Emergency Management Agency and is the coordinator for federal response to disasters.  Basic policy for peacetime Disaster Relief (DR) operations assigns the primary responsibility for Military Support to Civil Authority (MSCA) within the Continental U.S. (CONUS) to the Department of the Army.

The agency or organization responsible coordinating missing aircraft search and rescue (SAR) of the Inland Region of the Continental United States is the U.S. Air Force. The Air Force National Security Emergency Preparedness (AFNSEP) office, at state and federal requests, coordinates use of Air Force resources to mitigate disasters. ANSEP handles the Air Force Response to disaster relief in the continental U.S.  The Air Force Rescue Coordination Center (AFRCC) is the controlling agency for inland search and rescue, located at Langley AFB, Virginia. It has a SAR agreement with each state.  It contacts the responsible agency or organization in the area, which, in turn, calls the individual units and members to support the mission.  The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) is responsible for investigating aircraft accidents.  After CAP finds a crashed aircraft, it becomes the responsibility of the NTSB.  CAP often provides site monitoring for NTSB.

## Activation

- Agency
- CAP does not activate itself
- A 911T mission may be authorized for imminently serious conditions by the wing commander AND the wing LO/LNCO
- An imminently serious condition requires immediate action to save lives, prevent human suffering and/or mitigate great property damage
- CAP Wing
- An Incident Commander is assigned
- Using wing notification roster/pager/website
- Mission qualified wing members answer the response

**Notes:**
CAP does not just activate itself.  It is called upon by a lead agency to run missions. In regard to SAR mission coordination, AFRCC/CC, AFRCC controller, and CAP incident commander fill the roles of SAR coordinator, SAR mission coordinator, and on-scene commander, respectively.
Each wing decides who will be it’s primary personnel deciding whether or not the wing can support the mission. The wing keeps a complete roster of emergency services resources that are available for use. The contact information for those personnel is provided to our lead agencies, normally on a quarterly basis.  The lead agencies then use this list to call upon the wing for support as necessary.
An imminently serious condition means conditions requiring immediate action to save lives, prevent human suffering, and/or mitigate great property damage. (22)  911T Imminently Serious Missions must be authorized by the wing commander and the wing LO/LNCO (or higher CAP-USAF official). (6)
Missions are stressful. Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM) is a part of CAP. A member feeling stressed or having participated in or been exposed to a mission with fatalities or less than favorable results should seek help from a CISM team or the local chaplain or other suitable individual(s). Do not keep it bottled up inside of you.
When the lead agency calls, the point of contact for the wing, normally an alerting officer, contacts the appropriate resources to get the mission accomplished.  These resources include not only aircraft and equipment, but also mission qualified personnel, who have the responsibility to keep themselves prepared (equipment, clothing, training).
There are many missions other than flying, such as filling sandbags, communications, and transporting EMA personnel. If a state requests CAP assistance in transporting SAR dog teams, and the AFRCC is not able to issue a mission number, CAP-USAF liaison regions are authorized to issue air Force assigned reimbursed mission numbers, if sufficient region SAR/DR training funds are available, or non-reimbursed mission numbers if funds are not available.

## Sign-In

- Individual qualifications need to be known to mission planners, and thus personnel are normally requested individually to participate
- Sign-in confers FECA/FTCA coverage
- Incoming teams or aircrews must sign-in on Check-In  (ICS Form 211) and Vehicle Inventory (ICS Form 218) logs
- Personnel need to be sure that they are recorded on the Unit Log (ICS Form 214) by the assigned supervisor
- Further assignments will be made only after sign-in
- CAPF104 – Aircrews
- CAPF109 – Ground Teams

**Notes:**
Personnel are normally hand picked to participate in missions based on the skills required to accomplish the mission. The first thing you are to do when you arrive at the mission base is to sign in.
Individual personnel and teams are normally logged onto the ICS From 211 and vehicles (aircraft or auto) are logged onto the ICS Form 218.  If you are coming to a mission as an individual that is where you will first get signed in, but if you are coming as part of an aircrew your supervisor should log you onto the unit log and the dispatch paperwork (CAPF 104 for aircrews or CAPF 109 for ground teams) to make sure you get credit.  Once you have a job you will report to your unit and get logged onto the 214.  Sign-in of vehicles is don on ICS Form 218 and tracked by the ground support unit of the logistics section.  Aircraft should be specifically requested and tracked as individual resources or crews.
Each CAP member participating in ES missions must be logged in to receive credit towards their training and qualification, and to also receive Federal Employee Compensation Act (FECA) and Federal Torts Claims Act (FTCA) coverage. The FTCA only covers only select CAP members involved in Air Force assigned missions. (9)  Members over the age of 18 or their heirs are eligible for compensation should you on the slim chance be injured or killed on an approved mission, or your equipment is damaged. Sign-in also lets us know who to contact for you in case of an emergency.  All members acting within the scope of their duties and in accordance with CAP regulations are covered by FECA and FTCA while serving on USAF assigned missions. (10)
Once you re signed in, you may get re-assigned based on your qualifications.  Those people with many qualifications are often pulled to fill gaps based on their experience.
Mission records are maintained for 7 years. (7)

## RisksP-0007

**SAFETY IS OUR NUMBER ONE PRIORITY**
- Travel to and from mission base
- Operating without proper rest or nourishment
- Electrical or antenna wires
- Turning propellers
- Do not take unnecessary risks
- Ground teams should not be dispatched with less than 4 members
- Aircrews may not use night vision devices
- CAPR 60-1 lists flight time & duty restrictions

**Notes:**
Safety is a major concern for our operations.  CAPR 60-3 outlines the policies and procedures for execution of various CAP operational missions and establishes a foundation for expansion into joint operations using the Incident Command System and other management tools. Some situations may dictate variations in the procedures contained in this regulation, in which common sense and prudent judgment shall be used to ensure effective management of CAP resources. Safety should always be a primary concern. (1)  HQ CAP/DO must approve all supplements to CAPR 60-3 except those specifically authorized in the regulation. (2)
If you get hurt on a CAP mission, yes you have coverage, but you also detract from the mission.  Remember that there are many possible hazards involved in participating in ES missions and you need to be aware of what is going on around you.  The above are just a few examples of some of the common hazards and controls on our missions.
Ground teams should not be dispatched with less than four individuals. (5)
CAP mission managers and flight crews should refer to CAPR 60-1 for flight time and duty limitations. (12)
CAP observers/scanners may not use night vision devices. (13)

## ResponsibilityP-0010

- CAP ES members should obtain and read copies of  the current operations and emergency services publications
- Again, CAP members have NO special dispensations over an ordinary citizen
- Individuals who put themselves, other members, or the corporation in jeopardy by disregarding laws and policies will be targeted for restraining action

**Notes:**
CAP has certain obligations to make on missions, but so doesn’t the membership.  Every person involved in CAP ES Missions needs to understand their job, and our basic requirements.  These are outlined in our governing ES regulations and training materials.
CAPR 60-1 Flight Operations
CAPR 60-3, CAP Emergency Services Training and Operational Missions
CAPR 60-4 Volume 1, Part 1, CAP Emergency Service Mission Forms
CAPR 60-4 Volume 1, Part 2, CAP Emergency Service Training Forms
CAPR 60-4 Volume 2, Emergency Service Training Forms
CAPR 60-5, Critical Incident Stress Management
Approved Policy Letters, Supplements, Operating Instructions, etc.
National Task Guides for each specialty
Remember also that CAP members are normal citizens, and must operate within the law.  
If you don’t operate within the regulations and/or the law, there are consequences.  You could have your membership suspended or terminated, privileges revoked, or even worse you could be hurt or killed.  Laws, rules and regulations are normally written to protect the public, including you.  Follow them.

## Bloodborne PathogensO-0802   O-0902

- Diseases transferred by contact with human blood and body fluids
- Hepatitis B
- AIDS
- Others
- Potential exposure exists at accident/crash sites

**Notes:**
You need to know that we do have missions that can put you in contact with blood or blood products and thus the issue needs to be addressed.  Ground teams working at a crash site or aircrews transporting blood need to understand the precautions necessary are to protect themselves.  
Every member of each ground team must receive Bloodborne pathogen training from a knowledgeable person.  More detailed information is available through basic and advanced first aid training provided by organizations like the National Safety Council, American Red Cross, or the Department of Defense.
Essentially, stay away or use the right equipment to protect yourself, which we will show you how to use should you become involved in that area.

## Bloodborne Pathogens (Continued)

- Prevent by staying away from blood and body fluids
- Engineering controls
- Hand washing facilities, eye wash stations, etc.
- Work practice controls
- Using sharps containers, hand washing, using barriers, etc.
- Personal protective equipment
- Gloves, masks, gowns, face shields, tyvek suits, etc.
- Universal precautions
- Treat all blood and body fluids as if contaminated

**Notes:**
Should you get involved in missions where you could get exposed to Bloodborne pathogens, we will provide training in these areas so that you know how to protect yourself. Engineering controls are the Structural or mechanical devices CAP provides for its’ ES personnel
Hand washing facilities -Eye wash stations -Sharps containers -Biohazard labels
Work Practice Controls are the behaviors necessary to use engineering controls effectively.
Using sharps containers -Using an eye wash station
Washing your hands after removal of personal protective equipment
Personal Protective Equipment is equipment provided by CAP at no cost to you, which it is to your advantage to use, and should be reported to supervisors when not in working order
Latex gloves  -Masks -Aprons,Gowns, or Tyvek suits -Face shields 
Universal precautions is the concept that all blood and certain body fluids are to be treated as if contaminated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), or other Bloodborne pathogens.

## NegligenceP-0008

- Failure to exercise that degree of care that a reasonable person would exercise under the same circumstances
- Degrees - Slight, Ordinary, Gross
- Key = perform to your level of training
- Not normally a problem
- Protection through “Good Samaritan” laws

**Notes:**
The key to members or CAP not being sued or to having coverage when you are is to operate to your level of training and to operate within the law and our regulations.  You can be held accountable when something goes wrong to varying degrees from the unintentional mistake to specific decision to do something wrong.  Either way, you must accept the consequences of your actions – nobody else can do that for you.

In many states there are laws to protect volunteer responders at varying levels, and they are commonly referred to as Good Samaritan laws.  You are encouraged to find out what the legal coverage is in your area before your participate.  Good Samaritan laws vary from one jurisdiction to another, but for the jurisdictions that do have them they normally grant some level of immunity from prosecution as long as you did what a normal person with your skills in a similar situation would do.  This is sometimes limited to people who have completed a certain level of training or members of certain groups so know what your local requirements are.  If you can’t find it, contact your wing legal counsel – they probably know what it is, or can get it for you.

## Posse ComitatusP-0009

- Prohibits CAP from engaging in law enforcement activities other than reconnaissance of property or transport of personnel and equipment, while on an Air Force mission

- CAP members **may not** carry firearms, participate in detention or arrest of persons or seizure of property or conduct surveillance of personnel and equipment

**Notes:**
Remember that because CAP is federal organization chartered by congress we accept certain limitations in the scope of our duties.  We cannot participate in active law enforcement efforts. Firearms are strictly prohibited on CAP missions except where required by law for survival purposes, and even then in controlled settings as outlined in CAPR 900-3. 
CAP assistance to law enforcement agencies that may lead to someone’s criminal prosecution is restricted to reconnaissance and reporting, only.
Reconnaissance is distinguished from surveillance I that surveillance involves continuous observation while reconnaissance involves momentary observation, like the difference between a surveillance camera and a transitory snapshot. 
CAP can do reconnaissance. This is passive observation for general activity. An example of CAP’s Counterdrug mission where CAP aircraft perform a general search for marijuana over a large area. 
CAP cannot do surveillance. This is active search for a specific objective. An example would be conducting a search for an orange van that has fugitives in it. 
The only exception to this is where CAP, upon request of local/controlling officials,k provide site surveillance in crash and disaster situations in order to protect the scene or property.  Such arrangements should be temporary and specify that CAP members have no power to arrest or detain anyone, but only to report to authorities those who decline to obey requests not to enter the area.

## Posse Comitatus (Continued)

- CAP members may **not** be deputized
**NO** authority to restrict persons by force
**May** provide passive assistance to law enforcement
- Can do passive site surveillance (NTSB)
**NO** trespassing allowed
**NO** special dispensations
- NO seizure of private property

**Notes:**
Though CAP members cannot be deputized or restrict persons by force, actual or implied, they can assist law enforcement at the accident scene.

As a general rule, CAP members are subject to the well-known rules that prohibit trespass on or seizure of private property. While entry upon private property may be justified if such an act is for the purpose of saving life, every effort should be made to obtain the controlling agency’s approval and property owner’s consent. Entry and activities on private property during training missions should always be arranged in advance with the owner. (11)

CAP has no authority to trespass or enter onto private property. If a distress beacon is tracked to a locked vehicle, aircraft, or building, contact the AFRCC. If entry is required, local law enforcement will preside over any entry. Essentially, CAP members have no special dispensations from the laws of the land when conducting missions. We will contact local law enforcement for support as required.

## Media & BystandersC-0001

- Why must information be controlled?
- Family privacy, discriminate false reports, etc.
- To whom do we direct inquisitor and why?
**Only** the Incident Commander or Information Officer may release details
- Target details influence witness interviews
- Undue speculation
- Family needs to know first
- Can answer general questions about CAP

**Notes:**
Information to be released on missions is controlled for many reasons.  In some cases the families of those that were lost that we are searching for or those affected by a disaster do not want their names or pertinent information released, and that is their right.  
We will also limit some information released so that we can discriminate false reports coming into the mission base.  For example we often don’t release the tail number, type or markings of missing aircraft that we are looking for so that we know when someone reports one that doesn’t fit the description that we can put aside the report as invalid, or at least inaccurate and not near the top of our clue file.
To prevent these problems, only the incident commander or information officer will release specific details or the target, the mission, or the search results to the press. You may tell them your  name, but then direct them to the appropriate points of contact for the mission, namely the Incident Commander and/or the Information Officer.  Those personnel will release information when it is appropriate.  This avoids problems of confusion as well as bad publicity. Just saying no comment is often an indicator of someone trying to cover something up. 
Do not lie about what CAP is doing.  There is no reason to try to over-glorify what we do – we save many lives every year through our efforts nationwide and the only thing lying does is make us look bad when you get caught.
Don’t be afraid to answer general questions about CAP not related to the mission.

## Media & Bystanders (Continued)

**You Should Not:**
- Discuss target description or events
- Discuss search or results
- Give opinions
- Be rude or bossy
- Never say “No Comment”  Direct them to an appropriate team leader.

## Media & Bystanders (Continued)

- You **Should**:
- Be friendly and courteous
- You are a CAP member and working a mission
- Direct them to person responsible for media
- Be alert for information bystanders may have

## ReimbursementF-0001

- Limited reimbursement available on USAF reimbursable missions for:
- Aircraft flight hours
- Member-owned aircraft maintenance
- Communications (e.g., telephone calls)
- Vehicle fuel and oil
- Equipment and personnel MUST be properly signed in to the mission for reimbursement
**CAPF 108** turned in a timely manner for reimbursement

**Notes:**
Reimbursement policies and procedures for CAP are found in CAPR 173-3.  Mission records shall be maintained at least seven years after the mission is closed or suspended except where they are involved in actual or potential litigation and then they will be retained until that issue is resolved. (7)

CAPF 108 is used to file for mission reimbursement. (24)  It provides for reimbursement for official telephone calls and gas and oil for the aircraft. (25) It also reimburses for aircraft oxygen service, automotive fuel and oil, and member-owned aircraft maintenance.

The goal of USAF reimbursable training mission and evaluation program is to assist CAP in developing and maintaining effective, efficient, and safe mission operations. (20)

## Part 2Incident Command SystemP-0005

- Span of Control
- Unity of Command
- Common Terminology
- 	Titles and Support Titles
- Organizational Level
- Resource Types and Conditions
- Facilities
- Unified Command

**Notes:**
This is the second part of the first class that any member planning to be involved in CAP Emergency Services (ES) Operations should take.  It is geared for the entry level personnel primarily, but also discusses hot topics in ES that all members need to know about who will work ES missions.

Normally, the CAP mission commander will not be the incident commander, but operate at the Air Operations Branch or Air Support Group level under another agency. For example, when wildfires erupt in a state, CAP is asked by the state to assist. CAP operates as an air operation under Operations. A person from the state agency in charge of containing the fires is the Incident Commander.

The CAP mission commander, in some instances, can be the Incident Commander. For example, CAP is designated by a state as responsible for air search for intra-state missing aircraft. Since CAP is the responsible agency, the CAP mission coordinator would be the Incident Commander for missing aircraft searches.

Do not use the term CAP Incident Commander as a substitute for Mission Coordinator because it can be very confusing to others. 

## Introduction

- ICS IS USED TO MANAGE EMERGENCY AND NON-EMERGENCY EVENTS
- ICS WORKS WELL FOR BOTH SMALL AND LARGE SITUATIONS
- ICS IS FLEXIBLE

## Introduction (continued)

- ICS is:
- “The combination of facilities, equipment, personnel,
- procedures, and communications, operating within a
- common organizational structure with responsibility
- for management of assigned resources to effectively
- direct and control the response to an incident.”

## Span of Control

- EFFECTIVE

- INEFFECTIVE

- OPTIMTMUM

**Notes:**
Each individual reporting to only one supervisor defines span of control. (56)

## Unity of Command &  Chain of Command

- UNITY OF COMMAND: Clear line of supervision
- CHAIN OF COMMAND: Orderly ranking of management positions in line of authority

## A Note on Unity of Command

***PLANNING / INTELLIGENCE ***
***SECTION CHIEF***

**RESOURCE &**
**SITUATION UNIT**
**J. Smith**

**RESOURCE**
**UNIT**
**J. Smith**

**SITUATION**
**UNIT**
**J. Smith**

- Do not combine organizational units.  One person may supervise more than one unit.

## Common Terminology

- Position Titles & Support Titles
- Organizational Levels
- Resource Types & Conditions
- Facilities

## Organization Level, Title, & Support Title

**Notes:**
The Governor has activated the national Guard in response to an incident. There are several staging areas under the supervision of the Staging Area unit leader. Guard personnel are to report to the National Guard Staging Area and report to the Staging Area Manager. (66) All staging areas would have a designated Staging Area Manager. (82)

Following media reports about a missing child, some volunteers eager to help with the search arrive at the incident scene. The Incident Commander should establish a staging area for them. (76)

In a fully expanded ICS organization, the Base Manager will report to the Facilities Unit Leader. (87)

## Command Staff Organization

**Notes:**
The Incident Commander position is staffed at all times. (71) The Command Staff includes Safety, Information, Chaplain, and Liaison Officers. (97)

The Safety Officer position is responsible for monitoring and assessing safety hazards or unsafe situations and for developing measures for ensuring personnel safety. (70)

The media are focusing their attention on the hotel staff. Rumors have begun that the outbreak of illness is really Legionnaires’ Disease. The Incident Commander should immediately establish an Information function. (86) The Information Officer is responsible for interfacing with the press and disseminating public information. (95)

In a fire, several victims have been extracted, others are probably dead. The Incident Commander requests local clergy, mental health personnel, and American Red Cross be called in, and to check in with the Liaison Officer. (94) The Incident Commander has requested that the American Red Cross open several shelters in the area. The American Red Cross commander would communicate with the Liaison Officer. (64) In addition, a staging area and casualty collection point should be established. (92)

## General Staff Organization

**Notes:**
An Incident Commander would generally activate the general staff positions of Planning, Operations, Logistics, and Finance/Administration.  (61) Most incidents will not require the Incident Commander to establish all command and general staff positions. (96)
In an unexplained outbreak of cramps, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea, the first Incident Commander (an EMS responder) became aware of 75 people requiring assistance. Completing an initial assessment of the situation, additional resources were needed based on the incident stability and safety to the public and responders. (83)
The Planning Section’s first priority is to assess the situation. (91) A Situation Unit to the Planning Section might be activated to help assess the incident stability. (84) In a situation in which you, as a counselor, were asked to help calm hysterical students whose friends are trapped in a fire, you must check in with the Resources Unit of the Planning Section. (93) If you are a senior member and you and your day-to-day supervisor have been activated to work in the Documentation Unit, after checking in, you would report to the Documentation Unit Commander. (65) Other units are Demobilization and Technical Specialist.
The Logistics Section can be divided into a Service Branch (which includes units of Communications, Medical and Food) and a Support Branch (which includes units of Supply, Facilities, and Ground Support.
The Finance/Administration section is responsible for tracking incident costs. (57). Logistics is responsible for providing facilities, services, and materials for the incident. (58) Units within Finance include Time, Procurement, Cost, and Compensation/Claim.
During an incident, the school administrator is concerned that the school system will not be reimbursed for the costs it incurred while providing shelter space. She is aware that the Governor has declared a state of emergency. As Document Unit Leader, you should suggest she submit an estimate of the costs incurred to the Incident Commander as soon as possible. (68)

## A Note on Operations Organization Flexibility

**MULTI-DISCIPLINE or MULTI-JURISDICTION TEAM or FACILITATE SPAN OF CONTROL**
**GEOGRAPHICAL AREAS **
**or FUNCTIONAL UNI-DISCIPLINE TEAM**

- Needs of incidents determine organization.

**Notes:**
The Operations Section may be organized by Divisions, Groups, Branches, single resources, and a combination of Divisions and Groups. (73)

An organizational level responsible for operations in a specified geographic area defines a division. (59) Branches are most commonly used in the Operations and Logistics sections. (60) Branches would be used in the Logistics Section, for example, to reduce the span of control. (79)

Both functional groups and geographic divisions can be used together in the same incident. (80)

Assuming the Incident Commander has activated the Operations Section, which, in turn, has activated several Staging Areas, Divisions, Branches, and Groups, the Operations Section Chief would report directly to the Incident Commander. (62)

## A Note on Transfer of Command

- A more qualified person assumes command
- A jurisdictional or agency change in command is legally required or makes good management sense
- Personnel turnover on long incidents

**Notes:**
As soon as he or she arrives at the incident scene the most qualified person assumes the role of Incident Commander, immediately establishes command and establishes an incident command post facility. (53 and 54)

The initial Incident Commander, when responding to a bomb threat, for example, would be the senior member of the initial police contingent. (51)

Incident command posts will be designated by the name of the incident. (81)

When the Police Chief arrives at the command post while the police are searching for the bomb, the Police Chief would normally assume command only if he or she is more experienced in a search incident. (74)

If the Police Chief does assume command, the outgoing Incident Commander should include the current incident status, organization, and resource status in his or her transfer-of-command briefing. (75)

When your position is demobilized, brief your immediate supervisor before you go home. (67)

## Resource Types

**TASK FORCES**
- COMBINATION OF
- SINGLE RESOURCES

**STRIKE TEAM**
- COMBINATION OF SAME
- KIND AND TYPE

**SINGLE RESOURCE**
- INCLUDES PERSONNEL
- AND EQUIPMENT

**Notes:**
During a bomb threat at a high school during the basketball playoffs, the Incident Commander sizes up the situation and identifies a need for additional police officers . Two engine companies and one truck company with common communications are assigned temporarily under an identified leader. This is an example of a task force. (69) In asking for additional resources, they would be organized as a task force. (55)

All strike team resources must be of the same kind and type. (89) An example of a strike team would be four police divers. (77)

## Resource Conditions

- OUT OF SERVICE

- AVAILABLE

- ASSIGNED

**Notes:**
Resources at an incident will always be in the following status conditions: available, assigned, or out of service. (90)
Resources in a staging area should be available and fully equipped. (88)

## Facility Types

- Incident Command Post
- Staging Area
- Base
- Camp
- Helibase
- Helispots

**Notes:**
An Incident Command Post is the location from which the Incident Commander oversees all incident operations. There is only one ICP for each incident. Every incident must have some form of an ICP.
A staging area is a location at which resources are kept while awaiting incident assignment. Staging areas will be managed by a staging area manager who reports to the operations section chief or the IC if an operations section has not been established.
A base is a location at the incident at which primary service and support activities are preformed. Not all incidents have a base. There will only be one base for each incident. When an incident covers a large geographical area and will last for some time, the Incident Commander would establish a base facility. (63)
Camps are locations where resources may be kept to support incident operations. Camps differ from staging areas I that essential support operations are done at camps, and resources at camps are not always immediately available for use. Not all incidents have camps.
A helibase is a location in and around an incident area at which helicopters may be parked, maintained, fueled, and equipped for incident operations. So many people have been affected by an incident that local resources are exhausted. Additional victims must be taken to several hospitals--some as far away as 50 miles from the incident site. Helicopters will need to be called in to help transport. A staging area and a helibase might be required for the additional personnel. (85)
Helispots are temporary locations where helicopters can land and load and off-load personnel, equipment, and supplies.

## Managing An Incident Under Unified Command

**A**

**B**

**C**

- HAZARDOUS
- MATERIALS
- INCIDENT

**Notes:**
Unified Command involves the contribution of all agencies to the command process. (100)

Under OSHA regulations, all organizations that handle hazardous materials incidents are required to use ICS. (99)

## Under Unified CommandThere Will Always Be:

- One incident command post
- A single coordinated incident action plan (written or verbal)
- One operations section chief (officer in charge, supervisor, etc.)

**Notes:**
The Incident Action Plan need not be in writing for all incidents. (72)

## CAPR 60-1	CAP Flight Management
CAPR 60-3	CAP ES Training & Operational Missions
CAPR 60-5	Critical Incident Stress Management
CAPR 62-1	CAP Safety Responsibilities & Procedures
CAPR 62-2	Mishap Reporting and Investigation
CAPR 100-1V1	CAP Communications
CAPR 173-3	Reimbursement policies and procedures
CAPR 900-3	Firearms- Assistance to Law Enforcement Agencies
CAPP 2	CAP ELT/EPIRB Search

- CAPR 60-3	CAP ES Training & Operational Missions
- CAPR 60-5	Critical Incident Stress Management
- CAPR 62-1	CAP Safety Responsibilities & Procedures
- CAPR 62-2	Mishap Reporting and Investigation
- CAPR 100-1V1	CAP Communications
- CAPR 173-3	Reimbursement policies and procedures
- CAPR 900-3	Firearms- Assistance to Law Enforcement Agencies
- CAPP 2	CAP ELT/EPIRB Search

**Additional Studies**

## General  Emergency Services (CAPT 116 Part 1)
General emergency services (ES) operational mission procedures and is accomplished by all CAP members prior to initial issuance of CAPF 101, Civil Air Patrol Specialty Qualification Card
ICS 100 Training (CAPT 116 Part 2)
Completion of Introductory ICS training (ICS-100)
Emergency Services Continuing Education Exam Part 1 (CAPT 117 Part 1) 
All ground team members, ground team leaders, urban direction finding team members, and those critical incident stress team qualified.
Emergency Services Continuing Education Exam Part 2 (CAPT 117 Part 2) 
All SAR/DR mission pilots, transport mission pilots, mission scanners, mission observers, flightline marshallers, and flightline supervisors
Emergency Services Continuing Education Exam Part 3 (CAPT 117 Part 3)
All incident commanders, agency liaisons, planning section chiefs, logistics section chiefs, finance/administration section chiefs, air operations branch directors, ground branch directors, information officers, communications unit leaders, mission radio operators, mission safety officers, liaison officers, mission chaplains, and mission staff assistants.

https://ntc.cap.af.mil/es/tests.html

- General emergency services (ES) operational mission procedures and is accomplished by all CAP members prior to initial issuance of CAPF 101, Civil Air Patrol Specialty Qualification Card
- ICS 100 Training (CAPT 116 Part 2)
- Completion of Introductory ICS training (ICS-100)
- Emergency Services Continuing Education Exam Part 1 (CAPT 117 Part 1)
- All ground team members, ground team leaders, urban direction finding team members, and those critical incident stress team qualified.
- Emergency Services Continuing Education Exam Part 2 (CAPT 117 Part 2)
- All SAR/DR mission pilots, transport mission pilots, mission scanners, mission observers, flightline marshallers, and flightline supervisors
- Emergency Services Continuing Education Exam Part 3 (CAPT 117 Part 3)
- All incident commanders, agency liaisons, planning section chiefs, logistics section chiefs, finance/administration section chiefs, air operations branch directors, ground branch directors, information officers, communications unit leaders, mission radio operators, mission safety officers, liaison officers, mission chaplains, and mission staff assistants.
- https://ntc.cap.af.mil/es/tests.html

**Emergency Services On-Line Tests**

## QUESTIONS?

**THINK SAFETY**