# Presentation: 540628

## LINK 

**U.S. Geological Survey**
**Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center**

**LINK**** **
**ArcGIS Tools for **
**Conservation **
**Planning**

## 	LINK is a set of ArcGIS tools that create maps, tables, and graphs of

Potential Species Occurrence (PSO)
Potential Species Richness (PSR)
Simpson’s Diversity Index (SDI)
Zonal composition

- 	LINK is a set of ArcGIS tools that create maps, tables, and graphs of
- Potential Species Occurrence (PSO)
- Potential Species Richness (PSR)
- Simpson’s Diversity Index (SDI)
- Zonal composition

## Part of the Bird Conservation Region 23 bird modeling project
Developed in partnership with the USFWS
Provides tools to evaluate potential habitat
LINK was created for refuge and regional planners

- Part of the Bird Conservation Region 23 bird modeling project
- Developed in partnership with the USFWS
- Provides tools to evaluate potential habitat
- LINK was created for refuge and regional planners

## LINK operates within ArcMap 9.3, requires Spatial Analyst

Open-ended tool, allowing for user-supplied data

Can perform analyses over broad areas

- LINK operates within ArcMap 9.3, requires Spatial Analyst
- Open-ended tool, allowing for user-supplied data
- Can perform analyses over broad areas

## Matrices contain species/landscape variable retaliations
Source layers define landscape variables
Range maps restrict and modify analysis
Zonal layers provide spatial units for summarization and comparison

**Matrices** contain species/landscape variable retaliations
**Source layers** define landscape variables
**Range maps** restrict and modify analysis
**Zonal layers** provide spatial units for summarization and comparison

## Matrix\Source Layer

## Range Maps

- Range maps restrict and modify analyses
- Range can be treated as a
- binary mask
- continuous surface of abundance
- The use of range is optional

**Black-billed Cuckoo**

**Breeding Bird Survey, relative abundance**

## Zonal Layers

- Zonal layers provide units of comparison
- Examples
- land ownership
- refuge boundaries
- political boundaries
- ecological zones
- The use of a zonal layer is optional

## 1 Matrix 
birds of Bird Conservation Region 23 (BCR 23)
scored for the National Land Cover Dataset (NLCD)

609 MB of source layers, NLCD

12 MB of zonal layers 
hexagons grids
counties 
incremental buffers
ecoregions

156 MB of range maps 
Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) 
NatureServe (NS)

- 1 Matrix
- birds of Bird Conservation Region 23 (BCR 23)
- scored for the National Land Cover Dataset (NLCD)
- 609 MB of source layers, NLCD
- 12 MB of zonal layers
- hexagons grids
- counties
- incremental buffers
- ecoregions
- 156 MB of range maps
- Breeding Bird Survey (BBS)
- NatureServe (NS)

## Users can enter data specific to their needs
matrices
source layers
zonal layers
range maps
Wizards mediate data entry

- Users can enter data specific to their needs
- matrices
- source layers
- zonal layers
- range maps
- Wizards mediate data entry

- ?

## LINK Query Dialog

- LINK query parameters are set in the LINK Query dialog

## 	The LINK Query dialog is launched within ArcGIS from a toolbar

- 	The LINK Query dialog is launched within ArcGIS from a toolbar

## Select matrix 
Select
a single species
		or
a collection of species
You may also load a previous query

- Select matrix
- Select
- a single species
- 		or
- a collection of species
- You may also load a previous query

## LINK Query Dialog: Data Layer Selections

- LINK Query Dialog: Data Layer Selections

- Select source layer
- Select* *zonal layer
- Select zonal field
- Metadata for the selected zonal and source layers loads into the Metadata textbox

## LINK Query Dialog: Range

- Locate the directory containing range maps
- Identify which matrix field contains range map names
- Choose how to handle problematic conditions
- Choose how range maps are treated (PSO)

- LINK Query Dialog: Range

## LINK Query Dialog: Query Parameters

- LINK Query Dialog: Query Parameters

- Choose to calculate zonal areas and SDI
- Fine tune the query’s “where string”
- Name data frame and output folder
- Specify the location for output folder
- Launch LINK query

## Example Query

- To evaluate Minnesota counties for high priority, regularly breeding, bird habitat as identified within the BCR 23 matrix.

## Example query: 
Matrix = BCR 23 Matrix
Priority = 1
Breeding = Regular
Number of queried items 
213 species
22 species
20 species

- Example query:
- Matrix = ***BCR 23 Matrix***
- Priority =*** ******1***
- Breeding =*** ******Regular***
- Number of queried items
- 213 species
- 22 species
- 20 species

## Example Query: Queried Items

- Example Query: Queried Items

| Acadian Flycatcher | Loggerhead Shrike |
| --- | --- |
| Black Tern | Long-eared Owl |
| Black-billed Cuckoo | Marbled Godwit |
| Blue-winged Warbler | Peregrine Falcon |
| Bobolink | Red-headed Woodpecker |
| Cerulean Warbler | Sedge Wren |
| Common Tern | Short-eared Owl |
| Dickcissel | Upland Sandpiper |
| Golden-winged Warbler | Wilson's Phalarope |
| Henslow's Sparrow | Wood Thrush |

## Example Query: Data Layer Selections

- Example query:
- Source layer = ***MN (NLCD)***
- Zonal layer =* ****Counties (MN)***
- Zonal field =* ****COUNTY***

## Example Query: Range

- 	Example query:
- Range Maps =*** ******BBS relative abundance****** ***
- Range names field  = ***AOU Code***
- Drop species
- that do not have a range maps = ***true***
- whose range is outside of source layer = ***true***
- Treat range map as relative abundance when calculating PSO = ***true***

## Example Query: Query Parameters

- Example Query: Query Parameters

- 	Example query:
- Calculate zonal areas and SDI = ***true***
***No edits*** to “where string”
- Data frame and output folder name ***MN_Priority1_Breeders***
- Output folder location ***C:\temp\***

## Example Query: Output Report

- 	When the query has finished, a text report window opens
- query settings
- species that were dropped due to range conditions
- summary statistics for PSO, PSR, and SDI

- Processing time  10 hours
- When range is not used, processing time  20 minutes
- Why so long?
- # of times source layer is reclassed = # of species * 2
- # zonal analyses = # of species * 3

## Example Query: Output Products

- Source layer
- Output products for the queried species as a group
- Mean PSO
- PSR
- SDI

## Output products for the queried species as a group (continued)

- PSR by zone
- Mean PSO by zone
- Individual species output
- PSO

## Individual species output (continued)

- PSR
- SDI

## Individual species output (continued)

- range
- tables
- Other tabular output
- PSR
- PSO
- SDI
- grid classes by zone
- individual PSO
- individual area-weighted mean PSO
- matrix

## Slide 28

## Example Query: PSO

- Example Query: PSO

## X

- PSO for an individual species

- prior to application of

- relative abundance

- 100

- 100

- 100

- 75

- 0

- 75

- 50

- 50

- 25

- Relative abundance for

- an individual species

- scaled from 0 to 1

- 1

- 0.30

- 0.75

- 0.75

- 1

- 1

- 0

- 0

- 0

- Source layer is reclassed

- to the matrix values

- of an individual species

- The raw relative abundance

- values of an individual species

- are scaled from 0 to 1

- 67

- 20

- 45

- Outside

-  of

- Range

- 67

- 67

- 45

- Outside

-  of

- Range

- Outside

-  of

- Range

## Mean PSO

- The PSO for an individual species

- is multiplied by the rescaled

-  relative abundance layer

- 100

- 100

- 75

- 75

- 0

- 56.25

- 0

- 0

- 0

- 100

- 100

- 75

- 75

- 0

- 56.25

- 0

- 0

- 0

- Individual PSO outputs are averaged

- The process is

- repeated for each

- species queried

## Potential Species Occurrence By Zone

## [MATRIX]
	BCR 23 Matrix

[QUERIED ITEMS]
	Priority:  '1'
	Breeding:  'Regular'

[SOURCE LAYER]
	MN (NLCD)

[ZONAL LAYER]
	Layer:  Counties (MN)

- [MATRIX]
- 	BCR 23 Matrix
- [QUERIED ITEMS]
- 	Priority:  '1'
- 	Breeding:  'Regular'
- [SOURCE LAYER]
- 	MN (NLCD)
- [ZONAL LAYER]
- 	Layer:  Counties (MN)

- Objective:  To evaluate Minnesota counties for high priority, regularly breeding, bird habitat as identified within the BCR 23 matrix.

## Example Query: PSR

- Example Query: PSR

## Source Layer

- Outside

- of

- Range

- Outside

- of

- Range

- Outside

- of

- Range

- Woody

- Wetland

- Urban

- The species range is used as an analysis mask

- Source layer after mask is applied

## PSR

**1**

**0**

**0**

**0**

**0**

**1**

**1**

**1**

**1**

**1**

**0**

**0**

**0**

**0**

**1**

**1**

**1**

**1**

- All source classes with a matrix score > 0 receive a value of 1, classes where the matrix scores = 0 receive a value of 0

- The process is

- repeated for each

- species queried

- Individual PSR outputs are summed

## Potential Species Richness By Zone

## Example Query: PSR by Zone

- [MATRIX]
- 	BCR 23 Matrix
- [QUERIED ITEMS]
- 	Priority:  '1'
- 	Breeding:  'Regular'
- [SOURCE LAYER]
- 	MN (NLCD)
- [ZONAL LAYER]
- 	Layer:  Counties (MN)

- Objective:  To evaluate Minnesota counties for high priority, regularly breeding, bird habitat as identified within the BCR 23 matrix.

## Simpson’s Diversity Index

- Where
- P = Class Area / Total Area
- Value Range: 0 to < 1
- A value of 0 = no diversity, as SDI approaches 1 diversity increases

## Source layer

- Outside

- of

- Range

- Inside

- Range

- Inside

- Range

- Inside

- Range

- Inside

- Range

- Inside

- Range

- Inside

- Range

- Outside

- of

- Range

- Outside

- of

- Range

- Source layer after

- mask is applied

- Woody

- Wetland

- Woody

- Wetland

- Woody

- Wetland

- Urban

- Outside

- of

- Range

- Outside

- of

- Range

- Outside

- of

- Range

- The species range is

- used as an analysis

- mask

- Urban

## Zone A

- The zonal layer

- Zone B

- Zone C

- Source classes with matrix scores > 0

- are identified as habitat types

- Habitat

- A

- Habitat

- B

- Not

- Habitat

- Habitat

- A

- Habitat

- A

- Habitat

- B

- Not

- Habitat

- Not

- Habitat

- Not

- Habitat

- SDI is calculated for each zone

- Zone B

- Zone C

- The process is

- repeated for each

- species queried

## SDI

- 0.5

- Individual SDI outputs are averaged

- for each zone

- 0.5

- 0

## Example Query: SDI by Zone

- Example Query: SDI by Zone

- [MATRIX]
- 	BCR 23 Matrix
- [QUERIED ITEMS]
- 	Priority:  '1'
- 	Breeding:  'Regular'
- [SOURCE LAYER]
- 	MN (NLCD)
- [ZONAL LAYER]
- 	Layer:  Counties (MN)

- Objective:  To evaluate Minnesota counties for high priority, regularly breeding, bird habitat as identified within the BCR 23 matrix.

## Tabular Products

- PSO, PSR, and SDI by zone
- queried species summarized as a single unit
- each individual species
- Source classes by zone
- Individual PSO
- Area-weighted mean PSO
- Matrix

## Example Query: Source Classes by Zone

## Example Query: Individual PSO

- 	Breakdown of the number of acres at each PSO level for each species

## Example Query: Individual Area-weighted Mean PSO Score

- Average PSO for each species over the entire source layer (Minnesota)
- Species with area-weighted mean PSO = 0

## Example Query: Individual Area-weighted Mean PSO Score

- Low abundance
- Minnesota is mostly out of the species range
- Low quality habitat

- Example Query: Individual Area-weighted Mean PSO Score

- Species with area-weighted mean PSO = 0

## Example Query: Individual Area-weighted Mean PSO Score

- 	Alternative query parameters
- Clip range maps to Minnesota boundary
- 	(this ignores the fact that species may be uncommon in Minnesota)
- Do not treat range maps as relative abundance

- Example Query: Individual Area-weighted Mean PSO Score

## Example Query: Matrix

## Example Query: Individual, PSR by Zone

- Restricted by range
- PSR = percent habitat when evaluated for a single species
- Habitat = source layer class with a matrix score >0

## Example Query: Individual, PSR by Zone

- Restricted by range
- PSR = percent habitat when evaluated for a single species
- Habitat = source layer class with a matrix score >0

## Example Query: Individual, PSR by Zone

- Example Query: Individual, PSR by Zone

- Restricted by range
- PSR = percent habitat when evaluated for a single species
- Habitat = source layer class with a matrix score >0

## Example Query: Individual, PSR by Zone

- Example Query: Individual, PSR by Zone

- Restricted by range
- PSR = percent habitat when evaluated for a single species
- Habitat = source layer class with a matrix score >0

## Example Query: Individual, PSR by Zone

- Restricted by range
- PSR = percent habitat when evaluated for a single species
- Habitat = source layer class with a matrix score >0

## Example Query: Individual, PSO by Zone

- Restricted by range
- Option, range is treated as relative abundance when calculating PSO
- PSO = MS  *  RA
- MS = Matrix score (0-100)
- RA = Relative abundance (0-1)
- Summary statistics by county

- Example Query: Individual, PSO by Zone

## Example Query: Individual, PSO by Zone

- Restricted by range
- Option, range is treated as relative abundance when calculating PSO
- PSO = MS  *  RA
- MS = Matrix score (0-100)
- RA = Relative abundance (0-1)
- Summary statistics by county

## Example Query: Individual, PSO by Zone

- Example Query: Individual, PSO by Zone

- Restricted by range
- Option, range is treated as relative abundance when calculating PSO
- PSO = MS  *  RA
- MS = Matrix score (0-100)
- RA = Relative abundance (0-1)
- Summary statistics by county

## Example Query: Individual, PSO by Zone

- Example Query: Individual, PSO by Zone

- Restricted by range
- Option, range is treated as relative abundance when calculating PSO
- PSO = MS  *  RA
- MS = Matrix score (0-100)
- RA = Relative abundance (0-1)
- Summary statistics by county

## Example Query: Individual, PSO by Zone

- Restricted by range
- Option, range is treated as relative abundance when calculating PSO
- PSO = MS  *  RA
- MS = Matrix score (0-100)
- RA = Relative abundance (0-1)
- Summary statistics by county

## Example Query: Individual, SDI by Zone

- Restricted by range
- Habitat = source layer class with a matrix score >0

- Example Query: Individual, SDI by Zone

## Example Query: Individual, SDI by Zone

- Restricted by range
- Habitat = source layer class with a matrix score >0

## Example Query: Individual, SDI by Zone

- Example Query: Individual, SDI by Zone

- Restricted by range
- Habitat = source layer class with a matrix score >0

## Example Query: Individual, SDI by Zone

- Example Query: Individual, SDI by Zone

- Restricted by range
- Habitat = source layer class with a matrix score >0

## Example Query: Individual, SDI by Zone

- Restricted by range
- Habitat = source layer class with a matrix score >0

## LINK: Flexibility

- LINK: Flexibility

- The example query focused on BCR 23 birds
- LINK is an open ended GIS tool
- matrices
- source layers
- zonal layers
- range maps

## LINK: Availability

- Visit the web page above or email:
- 	tfox@usgs.gov
- Can be downloaded   (362 MB)

**http://www.umesc.usgs.gov/management/dss/bird_conservation_tools_link.html**