# Presentation: 091690

## Steven Waite
President

- President

## GPS Re-radiating Devices

- GPS Networking
- IRAC August 14th , 2001
- Petition for Rulemaking - tunnel radio or licensing, filed June 2004  - denied June 2005
- Army first filed their application for approval in April 2002 – Still Pending
- Re-radiating Manufacturers
- Safety

## Re-radiating Applications

- Federal Government Applications
- US Army – Bradley Fighting Vehicles, Airplane Hangars, C-130 Aircraft, Depot Repair
- US Air Force – Airplane Hangars, Depot Repair
- US Navy – Airplane Hangars, Depot Repair
- NASA – R&D, Airplane Hangars

## Federal Government Customers

- Holliman AFB, Edwards AFB, Eglin AFB, Kirtland AFB, Wright-Patterson AFB, Vandenberg AFB, Hill AFB, McClellan AFB, Air Force Space Battle Lab, Air Force Research Lab, Whiteman AFB
- NAWC – Pt. Mugu, NAWC – WPNS, NAV SPEC WAR DEV GRU, NAWC – MD, US Naval Observatory
- Ft. Huachuca, Fort Bragg,, US Army – Redstone, US Army – Aberdeen PG, US Army Soldier – MS, US Army – Picatinny Arsenal, EDMO, 617th CES/CEL, Ft. Sill, Yuma Proving Grounds, Rock Island Arsenal, Grissom Army Reserve Base, Army Aviation Support Facility – MI, US Army Aviation and Missile Command, Corpus Christi Army Depot
- NASA – Goddard, NASA – Langley, NASA – Dryden, Draper Labs, Sandia Labs, Jet Propulsion Laboratory
- FAA Tech Center, FAA – OK, US Dept. of Commerce – DC, UCAR/NCAR, National Research Lab (NRL), NOAA, FAA – GA, NOAA – FL, USGS – CA, National Weather Service
- Kansas Air National Guard, Montana Army National Guard, Oregon Air National Guard, Nebraska Air National Guard, Kansas Air Guard, Illinois National Guard

## Re-radiating Applications

- State & Local Government Applications
- Fire Stations
- Police Stations
- Tunnels
- Prisons
- Colleges
- Other public safety traffic signal pre-emption and fleet management

## State & Local Customers

- UCLA, University of Nebraska, University of Texas at El Paso, John Hopkins University, California Institute of Technology, University of Ohio, Stanford University, University of Mississippi, University of Oklahoma, University of Nevada – Reno, MSU
- City of San Antonio, City of Mesa, AZ
- Coral Springs Fire Dept., Clark County Fire Dept., Glendale Fire Dept., Las Vegas Fire Dept.

## Re-radiating Applications

- Private/ Commercial Applications
- Airplane Hangars
- GPS Manufacturers
- GPS R&D
- Auto Industry
- Delivery Services
- Airplane Industry
- Rental Car Navigation Systems

## Commercial Customers

- Northrup Grumman, Lockheed Martin Astronautics, United Defense, Raytheon, Boeing, Orbital, General Dynamics, Lockheed Skunkworks, SCITOR, Dyncorp, Interstate Electronics Corp., Siemens Transportation Systems/ILG, MA-COM, Navigation Solutions, Litton, Honeywell, SAIC, Harris Corp., GEC-Plessey, Microsoft, PGS Exploration, EG&G, Qualcomm, Teledyne, ARINC, Bechtel, 3M, Phillips Factory Service, Lucent Technology, TRW, Applied Test Systems, Cibola Information Systems, L3 Communications, CACI, Intel Corp., Sensis Corp., ITT Industries, Rockwell Collins, Brunswick Research, SiGEM Inc., VIA Systems
- Leica, Nikon, SIRF Technology, Trimble Navigation, Rockwell,
- Motorola, Verizon Wireless, Airtouch Cellular, Nokia, Sprint PCS, Qwest Wireless, Nextel, Hutchison Telephone, AT&T, Onstar, Orbcomm, Ericsson Wireless, ,
- BMW, Proshot Golf, General Motors, Harley Davidson, American Honda, BAE Systems, UPS, Caterpillar, Inc. Tech Center, John Deere Global, Bell Ambulance,
- Learjet, Inc, Robinson Helicopter, Continental Airlines, Hughes Aircraft Co., Cessna Aircraft, Skywest Airlines, Lear Siegler Services

## Sale of Re-radiation Equipment

- GPS Networking has limited its sales; most were to the defense, aerospace, GPS, and local government/public safety community.

## Can the GPS signal be supplied in any other way?

- GPS Re-radiators are used for test and demonstration purposes primarily.  In other situations, re-radiation is useful to keep receivers live.
- A hard wired signal does not test the antenna, only the processor.
- A hard wired signal may not be workable for devices intended to be mobile or which are installed and have no signal input port.

## GPS Networking RRKits

- GPS Networking Re-radiating kits consists of the following parts:
- 1 – GPS Roof Antenna – (+35dBm LNA)
- 1 – GPS Line Amplifier with Plug-in Power supply – (+23dBm Gain)
- 1 – GPS Passive Antenna – (+3dBic) Gain
- 1 – Antenna Cable – Average length 100 foot. LMR400 (-6.7 dB loss)

## GPS Networking RRKits

- Installation details
- All of GPS networking RRKITS are designed as permanent installations.
- The radiating antenna is normally placed on the short wall of a rectangular room and aimed out over the area of the receivers.

## GPS Networking RRKits

- Installation details
- Output Power level – 50 Picowatts or .000000000050W
- Signal in 		= -130dBm
- Antenna (LNA) 	= +38dBm  (-92dBm)
- 100’Cable LMR400	= -6.7dBm  (-98.7dBm)
- RRKIT Amp 		= +23dBm  (-75.7dBm)
- Radiating Antenna	= +3dbic	 (-72.7dBm)
- Total Interface loss	= .3dbM	(-73dBm)
- -73dBm = 5.01187E-11 or 50.1187PW
- We use a link budget calculation to determine output levels.
- Signal could be lowered if an attenuator or variable amplifier is installed.
- Typically, users cannot make adjustments to an installed system.

## GPS Re-radiating Regulatory Scheme 

- GPS Re-radiators must be licensed.
- Utilize the current online Application process.
- Criteria to evaluate proposals should be based on the overall output of the system divided by the square footage of the room using the calculation method.

## GPS Re-radiating Regulatory Scheme

- Sales have been limited previously, and a fair limitation might be appropriate in the regulations.
- Emissions of the GPS re-radiating equipment should be limited by the equipment as certified or by professional installation  for indoor use only.

## GPS Re-radiating Regulatory Scheme

- An online database would help to track where these are installed.  Perhaps it could be part of a pre-application process.
- There should be a grace period for existing users to file and get licensed.  I suggest a grace period with a GPS industry media blitz to drive the licensing process.

## GPS Signal

- Bandwidth of the re-radiated signal is determined by the filtering in the GPS roof antenna and the passive radiating antenna’s bandwidth. It can vary from 10-50 MHz. Ours is 20Mhz (min)

## Current NTIA Criteria

- 8.3.28 USE OF DEVICES THAT RE-RADIATE THE SIGNALS RECEIVED FROM THE GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM.(ADD – SATELLITES.)
- Except as otherwise authorized under 7.14, federal agencies may, under the following conditions, operate devices that re-radiate signals received from the GPS satellites.
- 1. Individual authorization is necessary for each device at a site specific location. (OK)
- 2. Applications for frequency assignment should be applied for as an XT station with a note indicating that the device is to be used as an experimental RNSS Test Device for the purpose of testing stand alone GPS Receivers or GPS Receivers that are an integral part of the equipment under test. (OK, generally.  The regulatory solution needs to address FCC licensing and equipment certification requirements.)

## Current NTIA Criteria

- 3. Approved applications for frequency assignment will be entered in the GMF. (OK, yet will the government handle this for FCC applicants?)
- 4. The maximum length of the assignment will be two years, with possible renewal. (OK)
- 5. The operation must be at a specified fixed location and mobile authorization is not authorized. (OK)
- 6. The area of potential interference to GPS reception (e.g. military of contractor facility) has to be under the control of the user. (OK)

## Current NTIA Criteria

- 7. The maximum equivalent isotropically radiated power must be such that the calculated emissions are no greater than -140dBm/24Mhz at a distance of 100 feet(30meters) from the building where the test is being conducted.  The calculations showing compliance with this requirement must be provided with the application for frequency assignment and should be based on free space propagation with no allowance for building attenuation (This is basically OK, but as written some places will not be able to operate. Without factoring in building attenuation, to meet the required calculated signal level the installation will have to be attenuated to the point that the system will not work in most buildings.  If you do not take into account the attenuation or size of the  of the building then it may be appropriate to lower the spec. by a specified amount  e.g. -150dBm or make the level a power level per sq. foot calculation.)

## Current NTIA Criteria

- 8. GPS users in the area of potential interference to GPS reception must be notified that GPS information may be impacted for periods of time. (OK – But how about just putting up a sign that says you can get GPS in here.)
- 9)The use is limited to activity for the purpose of testing RNSS Equipment /systems. (This limitation may need to be defined broadly to meet the needs of the defense and aerospace and public safety communities.)
- 10. A Stop Buzzer point of Contact for the authorized device must be identified and available at all times during GPS re-radiation operation of the device under any condition. (OK)

## Conclusion	

- Existing Re-radiating Equipment
- Regulation
- Manufacturer