# Presentation: 244568

## Science for the Future

## Big Picture Issues

- Federal disinvestment in basic research
- State disinvestment in higher education, particularly at research universities
- U.S. primacy in graduate and professional education is at stake

## Federal disinvestment in basic research

## State disinvestment in higher education

## U.S. Primacy in Graduate and Professional Education is at Stake

## Question:

**How can the Federal Government****in concert with state and privately funded initiatives set the future course of research and education?**

**Notes:**
How can the federal government augment state and privately funded initiative that set the future course of research and education?         (The question isn’t how the government participates, but how it can become a partner rather than an authority.)

## Slide 7

## UC System

**UC System**

- Lawrence Berkeley Nat’l Lab

- Lawrence Livermore Nat’l Lab

- Los Alamos Nat’l Lab
- (New Mexico)

*****

- *

- *

- * Agriculture Experiment Station  (Berkeley, Davis, Riverside)

**UARC**

## Slide 9

## Slide 10

## Case in Point #1

**California’s Communications Industry:**
*1 in 6 firms founded by a UC scientist or engineer*

- © 2003University of California *Industry-University Cooperative Research Program* All Rights Reserved

## Case In Point #2California’s Biotech Economy

- © 2003 University of California *Industry-University Cooperative Research Program* All Rights Reserved

-              Number of U.S. Biotech Firms by Region

## California Biotechnology

-  1 in 3 U.S. biotech firms is within 35 miles of a UC campus
-  UC scientists founded:                                          1 in 6 U.S. firms
-                                           1 in 3 California firms
-  85% of Calif. firms employ UC alumni with advanced degrees

- © 2003 University of California *Industry-University Cooperative Research Program* All Rights Reserved

**California Biotechnology**

## Companies founded by UC Scientists

**Sample of larger firms**

-  Intel Corp.     ALZA Corporation     Asyst Technologies, Inc.     Affymetrix, Inc.     Sorrento Networks
-  Sun Microsystems    Agouron Pharmaceuticals     Vitesse Semiconductor Corp.    Agility Communications
-  Amgen, Inc.     Cymer, Inc.     Marvell Technology Group, Ltd.     IMPATH     UT Starcom, Inc.
-  QUALCOMM, Inc.    Inktomi Corp.    IDEN Pharmaceuticals Corp.   Gen-Probe, Inc.   Integrated Photonics
-  Genentech, Inc.     Extreme Networks, Inc.     ANADIGICS, Inc.     Exelixis, Inc.     Accelrys, Inc.
-  Applied Biosystems     ISIS Pharmaceuticals, Inc.     Scios, Inc.     Zhone Technologies, Inc.
- Silicon Graphics, Inc.     Copper Mountain Networks, Inc.     Tularik, Inc.     Wind River, Inc.
-  Bio-Rad Labs, Inc.     Ligand Pharmaceuticals     Integra Corporate Research Center     Sugen, Inc.
-  Chiron Corporation     Protein Design Labs     Biosite Diagnostics, Inc.     Netopia, Inc.     Maxygen, Inc.
-  Broadcom Corporation     Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc.     Caliper Technologies Corp.     XOMA, Ltd.

## Slide 15

## What we’ve learned:Multidisciplinary science thrives in regions that support

- basic research institutions(UC System, Stanford, Cal Tech, USC, CSU system, Scripps, Salk)
- experienced entrepreneurs
- venture investment (venture capital, investment banks, angels, friends and family)
- business infrastructure
- 	(three major “footprints”: Bay Area, San Diego County, Greater LA Region
- communications infrastructure
- technical/professional workforce education
- 	(community college system, university extension, technical schools)

**Notes:**
Multidisciplinary research includes infrastructure both within and clustered around basic research institutions

## One Example:  State-Stimulated

**One Example:  State-Stimulated**

## Slide 18

## Slide 19

**Notes:**
The next slides give examples of three key elements in the Cal ISI “bold experiment” to reinvent how we do research and education, including:	1.  interdisciplinary efforts of significant complexity and scale (research and education);
	2.  rapidly enabled capacity for engaging in very large scale, national collaborative science;
	3.  facilitated convergence of industry participation for accelerated application and public benefit

## The T. thermophilus ribosome at 5.5 Å

**This is the** **largest asymmetric molecular structure ever solved crystallographically.**

**S****T****R****U****C****T****U****R****A**
**L**
**B**
**I**
**O**
**L**
**O**
**G**
**Y**

**M.M. Yusupov, G.Zh. Yusupova, A. Baucom, K. Lieberman, T.N. Earnest (LBNL) J.H.D. Cate (UCB) and H. F. Noller (UCSC)**

**QB3**

## Another Example:  Federally Stimulated

**NSF Science and Technology Centers**

## Center for Adaptive Optics

- Merging astronomy and vision sciences
- Many partners (>20 universities, labs and institutes)
- Industrial associates (9)
- Critical educational
-     programs

## Robust multidisciplinary science includes roles for industry and private investment

- Results of basic research create new economic opportunities
- Applied research and commercial development create products that enable further basic research
- Investments in infrastructure create opportunities to conduct and develop high quality research

**Notes:**
This slide speaks to a broad context for multidisciplinary science:
Basic research  economic benefits.      This is Vannevar Bush – Endless Frontier – robust economic development takes place in a knowledge society around the results of basic research.

Applied research  provides platform for further basic research.  Not as obvious – but basic research, especially in advanced technology, depends on products being developed – advanced computing fuels climate and protein modeling --  advanced instrumentation fuels genomic studies -- adaptive optics permits new telescope designs.

Infrastructure  business *and* university partnership essential –to assemble the next generation of resources to support scientific advance.   Gov’t research programs that provide incentives and flexibility for universities and industry partners to develop their own economies of exchange are needed.

While no one has attempted anything as big as the Cal ISIs, the issues posed here are affecting research initiatives across the nation.

## Question:How can the Federal Governmentpartner more effectively in truly innovative experiments advanced by states and universities?

**Question:****How can the Federal Government****partner more effectively in truly innovative experiments advanced by states and universities?**

**Notes:**
The government needs to become a partner in state and university based innovative experiments in creating infrastructure and attracting scientific talent.   

Multidisiplinarity is more than “inter-departmental” or “inter-agency”.     Multidisciplinary science combines the efforts of basic research, applied research, private investment, and industry development --  and presents substantial challenges that attract top quality scientists – who may be employed in industry, government, or universities.

## To partner more effectively...

- Address our realistic concerns (e.g. don’t proliferate processes with e-government)
- Reduce unnecessary regulation
- Provide motivating scientific initiatives
- Be prepared to coordinate with state and private infrastructure
- Identify and support creative scientific talent –keep up individual grant support
- Start a new “national needs” graduate program

## Acknowledgements

**University of California Industry-University Cooperative Research Program**
**UC Systemwide Biotechnology Research and Education Program**
**UC Santa Cruz**

## Slide 28

## QB3: Next Generation Computational Resources

**   ****UCSC Bioinformatics ****           KiloKluster**
-  $150K Gift From Intel for new test cluster (100cpu) – installed and operational as of 8/03 at UCSC.
-  Collaboration with Intel engineers to develop new systems software for large life science compute clusters.
-  Sali(UCSF) and Sjölander (UCB) Labs are in the process of porting their software analysis systems to the new test cluster.
- Discussion underway with industry on development of a large QB3 cluster.