# Presentation: 286996

## How To Achieve Easy Energy Saving At Federal Buildings

- How To Achieve Easy Energy Saving At Federal Buildings

**OFEE Environmental Symposium**
**Tuesday, June 5, 2007**

**Dan Amon, **
**National Energy Manager**
**U.S. Environmental Protection Agency**

## EPA – LCCI, LCOP, VCOP, CARP, & SPORT

- EPA’s Research Triangle Park (RTP), NC
- 	Main facility:
- 1,042,611 gross square feet (GSF)
- Occupied in 2003
- Sustainability:
- High expectations – RTP touted as high-performance laboratory
- Actual energy performance – FY 2003 to FY 2005:
- 	451 BBtu/year (430,760 Btu/GSF/year)
- Recommissioning Efforts:
**LCCI** – Laboratory Controls Capability Investigation
**LCOP** – Laboratory Controls Optimization Project
**VCOP** – Vivarium Controls Optimization Project
**CARP** – Corridors and Atriums Reset Project
**SPORT** – Static Pressure Optimization and Reset Project

## LCCI, LCOP, VCOP, CARP, & SPORT

**LCCI, LCOP, VCOP, CARP, & SPORT**

- LCCI	Investigate the controls capability, seeking the range.
- LCOP	With the range of acceptable flow established through 			LCCI, develop and implement new optimized flow 			spreadsheet through 600 lab modules.
- VCOP	LCOP in RTP’s vivarium.
- CARP	LCOP in the corridors and atriums; all off the main system 		and without control approximately 30 percent of the overall 		flow would not have been optimized.
- SPORT 	Using the established flows from LCOP, lower the overall 		system static to the lowest value that safely provides flow 		and system stability.

- Process can be applied to labs, hospitals, research centers, and numerous types of high-performance facilities.

## Ensure Proper System Operation

## Energy Saving Opportunities

- Current Operation vs. Current Demand
- Hood Types and Utilization
- Max and Min Flows
- Air Changes Per Hour (ACH)
- Assumed Loads (Temperature Control)
- Controls and Sequences of Operation
- Improve Operating Status
- Proper Set points and Programming
- Operation of Controls (Accuracy, Precision, Reliability)
- Lab and Hood Performance
- Lab Utilization – Occupancy and Hood Use

## BAS Set Point Flow vs. Measured Flow

**Plot of Average Supply Measurements for the Labs at Each Flow Set Point**

**0**

**100**

**200**

**300**

**400**

**500**

**600**

**700**

**800**

**900**

**1000**

**1100**

**1200**

**1300**

**1400**

**1500**

**Observation - Average of five supply measurements**

**Flow - cfm**

**Qs Meas. (flow hood) cfm**

**Qs Set point - cfm**

**1120 cfm**

**1000 cfm**

**650 cfm**

**400 cfm**

**High Bay labs **

- Note:  Supply Set point = Exhaust

- Set point - Transfer Air (200 cfm

- or 100 cfm in High Bay)

## Evaluate Occupancy – Demand for Ventilation

**Max Occupancy = 71%**
**Min Occupancy = 18%**

**6am**

**9am**

**12pm**

**3pm**

**6pm**

**Monday**

**Tuesday**

**Wednesday**

**Thursday**

**Friday**

**Saturday**

**Sunday**

- 0

- 10

- 20

- 30

- 40

- 50

- 60

- 70

- 80

- 90

**Day of Week**

**Time of Day**

**Percent (%) of **

**Occupancy**

**BAS Occupancy Trend for Building B - August 1- 7, 2005**

## Slide 8

## LCOP Success: Flow Reduction & Annual Cost Savings

**Building**

**Baseline **

**Airflow**

**Final Airflow **

**Flow **

**Reduction**

**Percent **
**Reduction**

**Annual Savings**

**@** **$4.50/cfm-yr**

**EPA RTP A**

**190,000**

**147,000**

**42,000**

**22%**

**$190,000**

**EPA RTP B**

**185,000**

**109,000**

**76,000**

**41%**

**$341,000**

**EPA RTP D**

**138,000**

**88,000**

**50,000**

**36%**

**$226,000**

**EPA RTP E**

**176,000**

**105,000**

**71,000**

**41%**

**$322,000**

**EPA RTP HB**

**84,000**

**69,000**

**15,000**

**17%**

**$66,000**

**EPA HSD **

**66,000**

**37,000**

**29,000**

**45%**

**$133,000**

**EPA Ft. Meade**

**144,000**

**101,000**

**43,000**

**30%**

**$194,000**

**EPA Richmond**

**51,000**

**35,000**

**16,000**

**31%**

**$70,000**

**Total**

**1,286,000**

**875,000**

**411,000**

**33%**

**$1,849,000**

## Post-LCOP Air Flow Reductions (cfm and %)

**0**

**10,000**

**20,000**

**30,000**

**40,000**

**50,000**

**60,000**

**70,000**

**80,000**

**90,000**

**100,000**

**EPA RTP A**

**EPA RTP B**

**EPA RTP D**

**EPA RTP E**

**EPA RTP HB**

**EPA HSD **

**EPA Ft. Meade**

**EPA Richmond**

**Building**

**Flow - cfm**

**0%**

**10%**

**20%**

**30%**

**40%**

**50%**

**60%**

**70%**

**80%**

**90%**

**100%**

**% Reduction**

**Flow Reduction**

**% Reduction**

## From the Facility’s Perspective: “What Does It Really Mean?”

**Btus**

**FY 2006 ConservE Target:  400,191,330,991 ****Btu **** **

**419,602,361,071 Btu**

**350,000,000,000**

**375,000,000,000**

**400,000,000,000**

**425,000,000,000**

**450,000,000,000**

**475,000,000,000**

**3rd Qtr FY05 + Previous 3 Qtrs**

**4th Qtr FY05 + Previous 3 Qtrs**

**1st Qtr FY06 + Previous 3 Qtrs**

**2nd Qtr FY06 + Previous 3 Qtrs**

**3rd Qtr FY06 + Previous 3 Qtrs**

**4th Qtr FY06 + Previous 3 Qtrs**

**Rolling 4 Quarter Average Energy Use vs FY 2006 ConservE Target**

## Typical Lab Occupancy

**Unoccupied**
**Min. Flow**

**Occupied**
**Max Flow**

- 74%

- 26%

## Building System Static Pressure Reduction

## Energy Costs for a Laboratory 

- Laboratories are 7-10 times more expensive to operate than commercial buildings.

**Lights**

**Plug/Misc.**

**HVAC  **

**60%**

**10%**

**30%**

- One fume hood can cost as much as three houses to operate.

## Data Center Research Roadmap 

- A “research roadmap” was developed for the California Energy Commission.
- This document outlines key areas for energy efficiency research, development, and demonstration and includes strategies that can be implemented in the short term.

## Percentage of Power Delivered to IT Equipment

## Best Practices Identified Through Benchmarking

## Design Guidelines Developed in Collaboration with PG&E 

- Guides available through PG&E’s Energy Design Resources Web site:
- 	http://hightech.lbl.gov/datacenters

## Office Buildings

- Green leasing, including:
- 30 percent better than ASHRAE 90.1 2004
- Energy Star
- LEED Gold
- Leasing renewals and upgrades – see above
- Existing offices
- Economizer operation
- re and retro commissioning of HVAC (up to 30% savings available)

## Office Buildings (cont’d)

- CO2 control systems
- Re-commissioning and verification
- Controls and measurement & verification (M&V)
- Space usage
- Separate out computer rooms from office spaces
- Lighting controls
- Re-commissioning and verification
- Temperature and static resets

## Continuous Commissioning: “What is it?”

- Establish system baseline
- System is operating as good as possible
- Continuously monitor system performance using the building automation system (BAS)
- Retest and reset system or system components when they exhibit operational problems
- Maintains energy reduction and provides stable operations
- Ensures health and safety of laboratory research staff

## Implementation:“Planning the Dive; Diving the Plan”

- Develop standard procedures check list
- Develop BAS management reports
- Train the players on the process
- Feds
- Key O&M contractor staff
- Implement Continuous Commissioning
- Assign Fed to oversee the process
- Tie into ORD’s annual fume hood recertification
- Monitor occupancy trends (occupied/unoccupied)
- Develop program for change management
- Train/Educate - Educate/Train

## Thank you!

- Questions?