# Presentation: 143324

## MODIS Fire Products Status

- MODIS Fire Team
- MODLAND Meeting
- 15-16 July 2003

## Overview

- Product status
- Validation status
- Documentation status
- Proposed C5 changes

## The MODIS Fire Products

- Active Fire Products
- In production
- MOD14, MOD14A1, MOD14A2, etc.
- Burned Area Product
- Produced internally at SCF
- Algorithm currently being tested for different regions – emphasis on product validation
- Dialogue with related international development  efforts through GOFC/GOLD-Fire

## Active Fire Products(MOD14)

## Product Status

- Both Terra C4 and Aqua C3 fire products are in good shape
- Initial Aqua problems associated with gain settings now resolved by MCST
- CMG fire product (.25 degree) being evaluated plans for product to be released by SCF by end of 2003
- Product tailored to user needs – multiple formats

## CMG Example I

## CMG Example II

## Active Fire Validation: Status I

- ASTER imagery used to validate the Terra L2 fire product in Southern Africa, Amazon, and Boreal sites
- Developing automated procedure to generate ASTER fire masks (requires ASTER cloud detection) to facilitate Stage 2 validation
- Global sample being compiled from ASTER archive

## Active Fire Validation with ASTER

## Active Fire Validation: Status II

- Collaborations with science community and data providers
- January 2003 LBA field campaign
- Acquired minimum-gain ASTER observations (reduce saturation)
- Coincident aircraft observations
- Second campaign to occur later this year
- Prescribed burn data in South Africa (Kruger National Park)
- Minimum-gain ASTER acquisition planned

## Active Fire Validation: Status III

- Collaboration with Ukrainian researchers
- In situ fire observations
- Industrial hot-spot database
- Analyzing data from Russian Ariel Forest Protection Service

## Russia: aircraft data(Avialesookhrana)

- Russia: aircraft data(Avialesookhrana)

- Northern Eurasian GOFC/GOLD regional fire network
- Northern Eurasian Earth Science Partnership Initiative (NASA/RAS)
- NASA New Investigator in Earth Science program

## Ukraine

| Об'єднання, | Держлісгосп , | Дата час | Дата, час | Остаточна ліквідації | площа га |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| управління, підприємство | ДЛМГ | виявлення | ліквідації | загальна | в т.ч. верхового |
| 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| АР   Крим | Ялтинський | 08.03.02. | 11.03.02 | 16 | 0 |
|   |   |   | 7.30. |   |   |
| Херсонліс | Голопристанський | 08.03.02. | 08.03.02 | 15.4 | 0.45 |
|   |   |   |   |   |   |
| Херсонліс | Збур'ївське | 20.04.02. | 20.04.02. | 42.7 | 8.6 |
|   |   |   | 19.45. |   |   |
| Херсонліс | Великокопанівський | 08.03.02 | 09.03.02. | 16.1 | 0 |
|   |   |   |   |   |   |
| Херсонліс | Цюрупинський | 30,04,02 | 01,05,02 | 13.35 | 4 |
|   |   | 22.00. | 09.15. |   |   |
| Херсонліс | Голопристанський | 13.07.02. | 14.07.02. | 118.6 | 88.4 |
|   |   | 15.20. | 18.00. |   |   |
| Херсонліс | Голопристанський | 19.07.02 | 19.07.02. | 18 | 2 |
|   |   | 12.50. | 17.20. |   |   |

- in-situ data

- industrial hotspots

## Active Fire Validation: Plans

- Continue validation with other GOFC/GOLD partners
- SE Asia
- Mexico
- Australia
- Stage 2 validation completed through recompete
- More sites needed to assess algorithm performance globally
- More extensive use of BIRD data for accuracy characterization (fire size assessment)
- Aqua Validation
- Stage 1 validation (selected locations and opportunities)
- Stage 2 assessment - will tie to Terra validation and compare to Terra distributions

## Documentation Status

- Completed major overhaul of MODIS Fire web site
- User Guide – update underway associated with CMG distribution
- ATBD - no plans to update – more recent peer reviewed papers provide update
- Details of revised detection algorithm described in forthcoming RSE paper

## Slide 16

## Slide 17

## Slide 18

## Slide 19

## Proposed C5 Changes

- Correct minor bug in L2 fire code
- Fixed in 4.3.2; MODAPS running 4.3.0
- Need improved water mask
- Include additional data layers in L3 daily fire product (MOD14A1)

## RR Systems: Active Fire 

- Running stand alone (non-ECS) code
- Same detection algorithm
- Code distributed to DB user community
- SCF data distribution
- NRT RR fire locations – text files
- Encouraging feedback on algorithm performance
- Fire/GIS User oriented Web Maps
- Outreach with international partners GOFC/GOLD

## Burned Area Product

## Product Status

- A proposed C5 product to map the 500m location and approximate date of burning
- Algorithm initially developed for Southern Africa
- uses daily Terra MOD09 L2G as input
- being adapted & coded for global application (regional testing: Australia, Siberia, Amazon)
- MODAPS code will use AQUA & Terra MOD09 L2G as input

## Model BRDF over moving window (t-NW to t)

Predict BRDF of next observation (t+1)

Predict uncertainty in model result

Compute Z-score
I.e., Z-score = predicted - observed reflectance / (model + observation uncertainty)

Threshold Z-score time series 

Apply temporal and spectral consistency constraints to reject
noisy pixels
sub-pixel cloud & shadows
changes not due to burning

A backup algorithm based on thresholding VI time series has been developed 

- Predict BRDF of next observation (t+1)
- Predict uncertainty in model result
- Compute Z-score
- I.e., Z-score = predicted - observed reflectance / (model + observation uncertainty)
- Threshold Z-score time series
- Apply temporal and spectral consistency constraints to reject
- noisy pixels
- sub-pixel cloud & shadows
- changes not due to burning
- A backup algorithm based on thresholding VI time series has been developed

- Algorithm: multi-temporal BRDF-based change detection

## Southern Africa 500m burned areas

- Time: 60 Days (June – August 2001)
- Scale: 1 degree grid lines
- Northern Angola & Democratic Republic of Congo (border = red line)
- MODIS Terra

## Southern Africa 1km active firedetections 

- Scale: 1 degree grid lines
- Northern Angola & Democratic Republic of Congo (border = red line)
- MODIS Terra

- Southern Africa 1km active firedetections

## Northern Australia 500m burned areas

- Time: 90 Days
- (July – October 2001)
- Scale: 1200*1200km
- (MODIS tile h30v10)
- MODIS Terra

## Northern Australia 1km active fire detections

- Time: 90 Days
- (July – October 2001)
- Scale: 1200*1200km
- (MODIS tile h30v10)
- MODIS Terra

## Burned Area product Validation

- Validation linked to regional GOFC-Fire networks
- Approximately 28 ETM+ scenes in each of 2000, 2001, 2002 used to derive independent burned area data following a regional Southern Africa Fire Network (SAFNet) protocol
- 	=> multi-year Stage 2 southern Africa validation
- Similar, planned for Australia, Siberia & Amazon (perhaps use ASTER rather than ETM+ given current ETM+ acquisition problems) – collaboration with related projects

## Southern Africa validation sites, two date Landsat ETM+

**distributed ****from dry savanna to wet miombo woodland**
**(quantify product accuracy over range of representative biomass burning conditions)**

- 2000 annual precipitation
- TRMM 1o data
- (blue < 300mm, red > 1500mm)** **

- MODIS 1km land cover product

## Results: MODIS 500m burned area product &Landsat ETM+ independent burned area validation Okavango delta, Botswana, 2001 

- _Colored pixels_ = burned areas detected by MODIS in 105 day period 20 July to 1 Nov. (rainbow color scale to indicate the approximate day of burning, black no burning,  white not be mapped due to missing MODIS data or persistent cloud).
- _Red vectors_ = burned areas mapped following SAFNet validation protocol between two ETM+ acquisitions sensed 6 August and 23 September.

## Results: MODIS 500m burned area product &Landsat ETM+ independent burned area validation Okavango delta, Botswana, 2001 

- _Colored pixels_ = burned areas detected by MODIS in 105 day period 20 July to 1 Nov. (red= burned area detected within the ETM+ acquisition period, blue = burned areas detected before or after the ETM+ acquisition period).
- _White vectors_ = burned areas mapped following SAFNet validation protocol between two ETM+ acquisitions sensed 6 August and 23 September.