# Presentation: 102565

## The Future is Now!

- How Health is Related to Eating and Exercise Habits

- For You & Your Family

## The Bad News

- Who in your family has at least one of these chronic diseases?
- Heart disease
- Stroke
- Type 2 Diabetes
- Osteoporosis
- Cancer, certain types

**Notes:**
Millions of Americans are affected by chronic diseases and conditions that influence the quality of their lives.  

## Chronic Diseases

- Many of these chronic diseases are linked to poor diet and exercise habits.
- Some of these conditions begin to develop in childhood.
- Good eating and physical activity habits start when we are young.

## Heart Disease

- Coronary heart and artery disease
- Can be due to plaque, made up of fats, including cholesterol.
- Heart attack
- Irregular heart beats

**Notes:**
Heart disease occurs when the coronary arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle become hardened and narrowed due to the plaque buildup. The plaque buildup and the narrowing and hardening of the arteries is called atherosclerosis. Plaques are a mixture of fatty substances including cholesterol and other lipids. Blood flow and oxygen supply to the heart can be reduced or even fully blocked with a growing plaque. Plaques may also rupture and cause blood clots that block arteries. 
A heart attack is also called a myocardial infarction. If the blood supply to the heart is severely reduced or completely blocked, heart muscle cells may not receive enough oxygen and begin to die. Coronary artery disease is the chief underlying cause of a heart attack.  Other heart diseases include angina, arrhythmias, cardiomyopathy, and heart failure.

## Stroke

- A stroke is a "brain attack," cutting off vital supplies of blood and oxygen to the brain cells that control everything we do – from speaking, to walking, to breathing.
- Strokes occur in different ways, but there are two main types.  The artery
- becomes blocked (ischemic stroke)
- or ruptures (hemorrhagic stroke).

**Notes:**
Most strokes occur when arteries are blocked by blood clots or by the gradual build-up of plaque and other fatty deposits. Some strokes can be caused by arteries rupturing when weak spots on the blood vessel wall break.

## Type 2 Diabetes

- The body does not make enough insulin and efficiently use the insulin it makes.
- Some symptoms include:
- Increased thirst and need to urinate
- Tired all of the time
- Wounds heal slowly
- Blurred vision

## Osteoporosis

- Weakening or brittle bones – mainly the spine and hips

## Cancer

- Cancer can occur anywhere in the body.  It occurs when cells grow uncontrollably.
- Some types of cancer are linked to lifestyle.

## Risk Factors

- People who developed these diseases often have certain traits that are:
- Not in our control
- Age, gender, race, family history
- Controllable
- Eating habits, physical activity habits, smoking, weight, protection from the sun, regular check ups with the doctor

## Good News about Risk Factors

- Many chronic diseases can be prevented or delayed by following these lifestyle recommendations:
- Maintain a healthy weight
- Exercise regularly
- Eat fresh fruits and vegetables
- Eat more legumes
- Eat whole grains

**Notes:**

Fruits, vegetables, grains and legumes tend to be low in fat and have no cholesterol. Most are also good sources of dietary fiber, complex carbohydrates and vitamins. The American Heart Association suggests that you eat foods high in complex carbohydrates and fiber. (Some kinds of soluble fiber, such as pectin and oat bran, when eaten in large amounts in a diet low in saturated fat, may reduce total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol). Along with healthy weight and regular physical activity, an overall healthy diet can help to lower blood pressure and cholesterol levels and prevent obesity, diabetes, heart disease, and stroke. This includes eating lots of fresh fruits and vegetables, lowering or cutting out added salt or sodium, and eating less saturated fat and cholesterol to lower these risks. 

## More Good News

- Making these changes can help you prevent or delay the onset of some chronic diseases.
- Eat smaller portions
- Lower or omit added salt or sodium
- Eat less saturated fat and cholesterol

## Good News About Osteoporosis

- Eat foods rich in calcium and vitamin D
- Vitamin D fortified dairy products and saltwater fish
- Exercise regularly
- Weight-bearing
- Jogging, walking, climbing stairs
- Resistance exercises
- Lifting weights

## The Future is Now!

- For You & Your Family