BEE-spoke-data/govdocs1-by-extension huggingface dataset:
# Presentation: 185681

## Atomic structure of nanosize crystalline grains in diamond-SiC composites 

**Waldek T. Zerda, Texas Christian University, DMR 0502136**

**Intellectual merit**
- Diamond-silicon carbide composites are produces from micron size diamond and silicon powders by the infiltration technique at high pressures, usually above 5 GPa, and temperatures above 1500 K.  Silicon carbide, SiC, is formed as a result of a chemical reaction between carbon from diamond and silicon.  It is assumed that the formation of SiC is taking place under hydrostatic conditions.  However, when temperature is reduced and pressure is removed not hydrostatic conditions develop and both diamond and SiC exhibit stress that weakens the composite.  Raman microscopy allowed mapping stress distribution in diamond crystals.  An example is shown below.

## Atomic structure of nanosize crystalline grains in diamond-SiC composites 

**Waldek T. Zerda, Texas Christian University, DMR 0502136**

- Stress distribution in diamond crystals in a composite sintered at 8 GPa and 2173 K.  Values of stress in GPa are given by different collars and the color code is explained by the color bar.  SEM images of the same section of the composite is shown in the right figure.
- Residual stress may originate from different thermal expansion coefficients and different bulk moduluses of diamond and silicon carbide.  The magnitude of residual stress in diamond crystals primarily depends on sintering temperature, to a lesser extent on applied pressure and is independent of the crystal size used in the process. These findings helped identify sintering parameters resulting in composites with reduced residual stress and better mechanical properties.
**Broader Impacts:**
- 1. To date this project has involved five PhD and four undergraduate students, plus one REU student.  Efforts to attract minority students were successful and four female students (including one Hispanic) decided to continue their education and seek MSc or PhD degrees in physics.  Students participating in this project made presentations at local high schools.
- 2. International exchange of students was an important aspect of the program and allowed two graduate students, Stephen Nayoucks and Ryan Rich, to conduct extensive research on structure of nanosize diamond and silicon carbide in Budapest and Warsaw.  Levente Balogh, a PhD student from Budapest, studied high pressure techniques at TCU.  Together with colleagues from Poland we conducted experiments at Los Alamos National Lab and Brookhaven National Lab.
- 3. Including nanosize diamond in the manufacturing protocol has lead to improvement in mechanical properties of low cost diamond-silicon carbide composites.
# Presentation: 830269

## Western Wind and Solar Integration Study

**Western Wind and Solar Integration Study**
**Site Selection Analysis**
**5/14/2008**

## Slide 2

## Slide 3

## Slide 4

## Slide 5

## Transmission Zones used in Site Selection

## Slide 7

## Slide 8

## Slide 9

## 2017 Load Analysis

## Slide 11

## Slide 12

## Slide 13

## Slide 14

## Slide 15

## Slide 16

## Slide 17

## Slide 18

## Slide 19

## Slide 20

## Slide 21

## Slide 22

## “In Area” Sites

- “In Area” Sites

## “High Capacity Factor” Sites

- “High Capacity Factor” Sites

## In Area Scenario

## In Area Scenario

## High Capacity Factor Scenario

## High Capacity Factor Scenario

## Slide 29

## Slide 30

## High Capacity Factor Scenario

| Region | Sites Required | Annual Energy (GWH) | Average Capacity Factor (%) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Inside Study Footprint | 699 | 86,929 | 47.3% |
| Outside Study Footprint | 1,176 | 121,456 | 39.3% |
| Total | 1,875 | 208,384 | 42.3% |

## Summary Comments

- Pre-Selected capacity represents existing and planned sites rounded up to nearest 30 MW.
- Ignore “planned” sites in Scenario creation.
- How much capacity can be reasonably exported (imported) at each area?
- Assume constant energy between scenarios rather than constant number of plants:
- Avg Wyoming C.F/Avg Arizona Plant = 49.1/32.0 = 1.53
- ~Roughly 2 MW of wind in Wyoming produces the same energy as 3 MW of wind in Arizona.
- Initial Study Scenarios:	Baseline (I.e. Pre-Selected Sites)
- 			High Renewables:  - In Area
- Subsequent Scenarios:	High Capacity Factor
- 			“Constrained” High Capacity Factor

## Summary Comments

- Transmission costs estimated at $1350/MW mile.
- New Wind plant costs estimated at $1750/KW.
- Therefore saving a MW of wind capacity would pay for roughly 1300 miles of transmission.  Phoenix, AZ to central Wyoming is about 650 miles, so a MW of Wind capacity would pay for the cost of 2 MW of transmission.

## Slide 34

## Slide 35

## Summary Comments - Solar

- How much existing Solar generation is there?
- Can we ignore Solar in the Baseline?
- Does existing Solar generation match up with CSP and PV site data?
# Presentation: 505049

## The ACCESS Act (S.1956)

- The _CORRECT_ information about the ACCESS Act (S.1956)

## Early Safety and Efficacy

- Pushing for early access
- _Every drug approved by FDA_

## As Early as Completion of Phase 1 Trials

- When there is compelling evidence of safety and efficacy

## Bone Marrow/High Dose Chemotherapy

_**NOT a Tier 1 drug**_

## Will Increase Clincial Trial Enrollment 

- With the use of modern science, placebos are not needed.

## Liability

- Addressed by the ACCESS Act

## Democracy – What the Public Wants

_**WANTED:**_** Earlier access**
- POLL by the National Consumers League

## A Better ODAC

- Better Representation of people fighting for their lives
# Presentation: 907561

## DocDB

**Marcia Teckenbrock **
**Fermilab**
**26 October 2006**

## DocDB is a collaborative document repository with some additional features...

- Created by Eric Vaandering for the BTeV collaboration at Fermilab.
- Currently used by various departments and collaborations based at Fermilab, other labs and companies.

## Available under the terms of the GNU Public License. 
Written in Perl.
Stores files in a flat file system.
Meta data is stored in MySQL.

- Written in Perl.
- Stores files in a flat file system.
- Meta data is stored in MySQL.

- Fermilab Computing Division currently has 14 instances we support , including those below.

**   ****Accelerator Division**

**Computing**

- LArTPC

- EPP Small Experiments

## 
Works with certificate or basic authentication. 
Read/write access required to view private documents or to create or update a document.
Security access levels rather than individual user accounts (different levels for reading or writing). 
Versioning is supported.
Email notifications and option to watch certain documents.

**Works with certificate or basic authentication. **
**Read/write access required to view private documents or to create or update a document.**
**Security access levels rather than individual user accounts (different levels for reading or writing). **
**Versioning is supported.**
**Email notifications and option to watch certain documents.**

## Document            classification by 
Topic
Keywords
Document Type

Search features 
Full-text search.
Boolean and/or searches between                  or within fields.
Advanced search form to search multiple fields.
Can search other DocDB instances.

- Topic
- Keywords
- Document Type
- Search features
- Full-text search.
- Boolean and/or searches between                  or within fields.
- Advanced search form to search multiple fields.
- Can search other DocDB instances.

## Meeting Agendas
Allows parallel sessions.
Useful for small or repeating meetings.

- Allows parallel sessions.
- Useful for small or repeating meetings.

## ***Adding documents to DocDB is easy and informal.***

More info:
marcia@fnal.gov
cd-docdb.fnal.gov

- More info:
- marcia@fnal.gov
- cd-docdb.fnal.gov
# Presentation: 670348

## Physics Group Meeting28 October 2004 Brad Ferrier

** ****Sample EtaY & EtaW plots vs. EtaV (Ctl)**
-  **EtaY:**
** ****LSM changes**
** ****Ops rad w/ cloud absorption changes **
** ****EtaW:**
** ****No LSM changes (ops LSM)**
** ****Ops rad w/ similar cld absorption changes, but w/ larger optical depths for ice**
** ****No upper limit on cloud water optical depths at a model layer (limited to ****≤ 0.1 g/kg in EtaY and EtaV)**

## 81-h SW Diffs w/r/t EtaV (Ctl)

## 9-h Fcst Instantaneous SW↓

## 9-h Fcst Instantaneous SW↓

## 6-12 h Average SW↓

## 9-h Fcst Total Column Liquid Water

## 9-h Fcst Total Column Ice

**9-h Fcst Total Column Ice**

## 9-h Fcst Total Column Liquid Water

**9-h Fcst Total Column Liquid Water**

## 9-h Fcst Total Column Ice

**9-h Fcst Total Column Ice**

## 84-h LW Diffs w/r/t EtaV

## 72-h LW Diffs w/r/t EtaV (Ctl)

## 2-m T Diffs at 72 h/12Z (top)and at 84 h/00Z (bottom)

## 72-h 850-mb T Diffs w/r/t EtaV (Ctl)

## 84-h 300-mb T Diffs w/r/t EtaV (Ctl)

## 84-h 250-mb T Diffs w/r/t EtaV (Ctl)
# Presentation: 244221

## Argos System Use Administration

**Argos System Use Administration**

## NOAA SUA Processing Statistics (May 03- May 04)

- SUAs processed: 177 (194 2004-05)
- Average processing time
- 10.4 days (no pending) 2006
- 8.8 days (no pending) 2005
- 5.4 days (no pending) 2004
- 6 days (no pending) 2003
- 8 days (no pending) 2002
- Average including pending 12days
- SUAs pending:   3
- SUAs Disapproved: 2
- SUAs Withdrawn: 0

## SUA Administration

- Improvement/changes in the SUA Administration
- Fixed e-mail notification
- Built a query tool
- Dave Benner Replaces Barbara Banks
- Richard Barazotto Retires July 31st
- Areas that need Improvement
- Electronic SUA review Timeliness
- Report generation

## Pending SUAs

- _[501-1](http://argosua.noaa.gov/argos/sua_pdf.jsp?sua=501)__ COVARRUBIAS ALEJANDRO SEGUIMIENTO SATELITAL DE NAVES PESQUERAS (VMS CHILE) 04-May-06 _
- The subject SUA submitted on May 4 is entirely in Spanish, so therefore we are requesting that the program description be translated to English and resubmitted
- _[2640-1](http://argosua.noaa.gov/argos/sua_pdf.jsp?sua=2640)__ STEEDMAN RAYMOND SLOCUM GLIDER TIMOR SEA AND LEEUWIN CURRENT 09-May-06_
- There is no program description
- _[2644-1](http://argosua.noaa.gov/argos/sua_pdf.jsp?sua=2644)__ SHEVCHENKO ALEKSANDER ROM-MSI/06-2005 09-May-06 _
- Approved 12 months, unsure whether this SUA was Government contractor 36 month, or Government Interest 12 months

## VMS Resolution

- PERU VMS SUA approved
- Brazil VMS SUA approved
- Chile VMS SUA pending electronic submission

## Disapproved SUAs

- Upgrading Of Oceanographic Buoy Systems
- MOHAMAD KAMALIAN, KEPCO (KHAZAR EXPL. & PROD.CO.)
- The Iranian consultant organization for this project is sub-sea R&D Center, a department at the IUT (Isfahan University of Technology)
- program is operated by KEPCO under contract for the Isfahan University of Technology, Sub-sea Science & Technology research Center (SSTRC): _[http://www.iut.ac.ir/](http://www.iut.ac.ir/)__ _
- Review by U.S. Department of State directed we disapprove the Iranian SUA requests.  The policy decision was based on the uncertainty of working with the Iranian Government and current intergovernmental relationships

## EUMETSAT Preparations	

- Identify point of contact to assume the Co-Chair Role on behalf of EUMETSAT
- Incorporate Eumetsat into the approval process and provide policy documents
# Presentation: 018453

## WM ’01 Session 68

**WM ’01 Session 68**
- The Value of Science & Technology
- Roadmapping in Cross-Site Integration and Lessons Learned for Decision-makers and Practictioners
-                   Mac Langford, Co-chair
-                   Patti Bubar, Co-chair

## Slide 2

## Slide 3

** **

**EM Roadmaps (completed or in-progress)**
- Savannah River HLW Salt Dispositioning Roadmap
- Hanford Groundwater / Vadose Zone Roadmap
- Robotics and Intelligent Machines Critical Technology Roadmap
- Complex-Wide Vadose Zone Roadmap
- Long-Term Stewardship Preliminary Roadmap
- Hydrogen Gas Generation R&D Plan (Roadmap)
- Uranium Hexafluoride Dispositioning Roadmap
- INEEL Sodium Bearing Waste Dispositioning Roadmap
- INEEL Voluntary Consent Order Tanks Characterization Roadmap
- INEEL Vadose Zone / Groundwater Roadmap
- Calcine Treatment Alternatives Roadmap
- INEEL Remote-Handled TRU Waste Dispositioning Roadmap
-              *Also: EM Science and Technology Roadmapping – Guidance Document

## Roadmapping Successes

**Roadmapping Successes**

- “A ‘roadmap’ is an extended look at the future of a chosen
- field of inquiry composed from the collective knowledge and
- imagination of the brightest drivers of change in that field.
- Roadmaps communicate visions, attract resources from
- business and government, stimulate investigations, and
- monitor progress. They become the inventory of possibilities
- for a particular field...In engineering, the roadmapping
- process has so positively influenced public and industry
- officials that their questioning of support for fundamental
- technology support is muted.”
- 				-Robert Galvin, Motorola
- Semi-conductor Industry Association’s (SIA’s) Technology Roadmap
- For Semi-conductors
-  “Model” Roadmap
-  Path Forward to achieve 1 giga-Hertz speed
-  Achieved – ahead of schedule
-  Now 10 giga-Hertz
# Presentation: 407878

##  Documentation for AMAC SBIR on Spokes Power Couplers. 

- _ __Documentation for AMAC SBIR on Spokes Power Couplers._

- _General requirements_ – optimal power transmission from
- warm part into cold resonator.
- _Specific requirements_ – integrated design (coupler is
- attached to cavity volume and strongly affects mechanical,
- electromagnetic and cryogenic properties)

- Freq.=            325 MHz
- Pulse length =1 msec
- Rep. Rate=     10 Hz
- Peak power = 20, 100 and
- 210 kW (universal design?)

- Gennady Romanov

- 11/18/2004

## 1. Optimal power transmission from the warm waveguide to the coaxial coupler. This can be done independent of the cavity-coupler interface.

- Gennady Romanov

- 11/18/2004

## 2. The coaxial cold RF window of the coupler must insure

-  the vacuum isolation, evacuate the heat coming from the
- inner conductor and be mechanically robust.
- Electron multipacting problem.

- FNAL

- DESY

- Saclay?
- Protvino?

- Gennady Romanov

- 11/18/2004

## 3. Adjustable ?

- Gennady Romanov

- 11/18/2004

## 4. Integrated analysis. Main design process.

**Geometry Parameters and RF Performance**
**Electric and magnetic peak fields**
**Thermal/Structural Evaluation**

- Gennady Romanov

- 11/18/2004

## 5. Integration with cryostat  design

- Gennady Romanov

- 11/18/2004
# Presentation: 090111

## Evolvable Hardware for Adaptive Computing

**Evolvable Hardware for Adaptive Computing**

**IMPACT**
-  **Provide DOD with autonomous **
** ****self-configurable adaptive computing platforms**
** ****Lay the groundwork for a totally new**
**   ****adaptive computing technology base**
** ****Introduce a paradigm shift in the way  **
**  ****computational structures will be designed **
**  ****in the future**

**SCHEDULE (Milestones)   **FY99    FY00      FY01
-                                                                             Q3 Q4  Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4  Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4

**NEW IDEAS**
** ****Develop and demonstrate self-reconfigurable**
**  ****electronic circuits that evolve directly on a chip**
** ****Use transistor-level reconfiguration to allow **
**   ****evolutionary synthesis of analog and digital **
**   ****signal processing structures**
** ****Integrate evolutionary engine on the chip**
**   ****achieving an evolvable SOC (system on a chip)**

- Demo Evolvable Chip

- Integrated Evolutionary Testbed

- Demo Hardware Genetic Chip

- Demo Programmable Transistor
-  Array

- Evolutionary experiments
-  with Test Chips

- x

- x

- x

- x

- x

- Jet Propulsion Laboratory: Adrian Stoica
# Presentation: 214049

## Title: Lab in a suitcaseContact Info:

**Astrobiology Small Payloads Workshop June 18-20, 2007**

- Science Opportunity Worksheet

| 1,2Science Objectives:  Human operated/associated chemical analyzers

1,2Approach / Payload Description:  1. Lunar manned mission. 2. Perform O/OREO on the lunar surface autonomously 3. Retrieve samples and data 

 | 1,2Instrument Maturity: TRL=6/7 
    Please Highlight One: Concept Only; Laboratory Instrument;                               
    Flight Prototype; Flight Heritage; COTS

1,2Measurement Parameters: “Particle trap”; particle counter; GPS; environmental monitors, Chemical reactors; spectrometer(s) for detection; environmental monitoring
All tended by Humans

1,2Environmental Parameters:
 |
| --- | --- |
| 2AB Roadmap Objective(s) Met:

2Significance:
 | 1Target Mission Environment: Lunar, (orbit and surface) Return and LEO (exposed);.

2Timeframe to Flight: Long-Term (due to Constellation schedules), Availability of manned missions to moon

 |
# Presentation: 071049

## TRWG Report Implementation

**TRWG Report Implementation**

- Lynn M. Matrisian, Ph.D.
- February 6, 2008

**There is science and the **
**application of science, **
**and these two are linked **
**as the fruit is to the tree**
***Louis Pasteur, 1822-1895***

## TRWG Report: “Transforming translation - harnessing discovery research for patient and public benefit”

**Accepted by the NCAB June, 2007**

**IMPLEMENTATION TIMELINE:**

## A1:  Flexible, Integrated Organizational Approach

**Clinical Trials Advisory Committee**

**NCI Director**

**Translational Research Operations Committee**

**Coordinating Center for Clinical Trials**
**Translational Research Support Office**

**Translational Research Prioritization Working Group**

***“******Oversight”***

***Advisory***

***Advisory***

***Chair***

***Direct Report***

***Support***

***Support***

***Support***

***Extramural group***

***Intramural group***

***New entity***

## A1:  Flexible, Integrated Organizational Approach

**Clinical Trials Advisory Committee**

**NCI Director**

**Translational Research Operations Committee**

**Coordinating Center for Clinical Trials**
**Translational Research Support Office**

**Translational Research Prioritization Working Group**

***“******Oversight”***

***Advisory***

***Advisory***

***Chair***

***Direct Report***

***Support***

***Support***

***Support***

***Extramural group***

***Intramural group***

***New entity***

**Clinical & **_**Translational **_**Advisory Committee**

_**Clinical and Translational Research**_** Operations Committee**

**Coordinating Center for Clinical Trials**
_**Translational Research Support Office**_

## Expansion of CTWG-created Advisory Committee

**“****Clinical Trials Advisory Committee” becomes “Clinical and Translational Advisory Committee” (CTAC to CTAC)**
- Efficient “piggy-backing” on existing structure
- Value in having a single body oversee entire spectrum of early and late translational research
- Implementation:
- Charter change to incorporate Translational Research
- Additional members with translational research expertise

## NCI Internal Organizational Changes

**“****Clinical Trials Operating Committee” becomes “Clinical and Translational Research Operating Committee” (CTOC to CTROC)**
- Additional representation from the Division of Cancer Biology
- Additional representation from the Office of Technology Transfer
- Agenda to focus on CTWG once/month, TRWG once/month
**“****Coordinating Center for Clinical Trials” (CCCT) expands to incorporate mission of the Translational Research Support Office (TRSO).**
- Lynn Matrisian (50% IPA)
- Additional staff

##                   Action Items

**Modify CTAC Charter to reflect expansion of responsibilities**
**Add members to the CTAC to provide additional translational research expertise**
**Expand Coordinating Center for Clinical Trials to incorporate Translational Research Support Office functions**

## TRWG Report: “Transforming translation - harnessing discovery research for patient and public benefit”

**Initial discussions with CTAC Working Group, Feb 4 2008**

**IMPLEMENTATION TIMELINE:**

*****

*****

*****

*****
# Presentation: 793179

## LEGAL FRAMEWORK

- Louisa Nickerson
- Food and Drug Division
- HHS Office of the General Counsel
- June 7, 2004

## Context

- The Food Advisory Committee’s role is to advise FDA on scientific issues.
- Information about legal framework and issues is for background only.

## Regulatory Categories:  Drug vs. Dietary Supplement

- some overlap for products intended to affect the structure or function of the body or reduce the risk of disease
- if a product is intended to treat, mitigate or cure disease, FDA regulates it as a drug

## Examples

- Claims that would make a product a drug:
- “for relief of the signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis”
- “effective arthritis pain relief”

## Definition of “Health Claim”

- FDA’s definition of “health claim” is “any claim made on the label or in the labeling of food, including a dietary supplement, that expressly or by implication . . . characterizes the relationship of any substance to a disease or health-related condition.”  21 C.F.R. 101.14(a)(1).
- Different from ordinary English meaning of “health claim” as “any claim about health”

## Examples of authorized health claims

- Soy protein:  “25 grams of soy protein a day, as part of a diet low in saturated fat and cholesterol, may reduce the risk of heart disease.  A serving of [name of food] supplies __ grams of soy protein.”  21 C.F.R. 101.82.
- Low sodium foods:  “Diets low in sodium may reduce the risk of high blood pressure, a disease associated with many factors.”  21 C.F.R. 101.74.

## Definition of “disease or health-related condition”

- “Disease or health-related condition” means “damage to an organ, part, structure, or system of the body such that it does not function properly ... or a state of health leading to such dysfunctioning ... except that diseases resulting from essential nutrient deficiencies (e.g., scurvy, pellagra) are not included in this definition ....”  21 CFR 101.14(a)(5).

## Examples

- Disease:  diabetes
- Health-related condition:  insulin resistance

## Scope of health claims

- Health claims are about reducing the risk of a disease or health-related condition, not treating, mitigating, or curing diseases.  *Whitaker v. Thompson*, 353 F.2d 947 (D.C. Cir. 2004)

## Example

- Example of a claim that is not a health claim:  “Consumption of 320 mg daily of saw palmetto extract may improve urine flow, reduce nocturia and reduce voiding urgency associated with mild prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).”
- Claim is about treating or mitigating BPH by relieving its symptoms.

- This is the claim that was at issue in the *Whitaker v. Thompson* case.
# Presentation: 550632

**Partial summary of  today’s discussion**

- metaNEOS

**http://www.mcs.anl.gov/metaneos/**

## Operational Issues

**Defining measures of success:**
**solving a very large problem**
**making optimization easier to use / more useful by improving network interfaces, making powerful resources  easily available to people who need them, enabling practical intranet platforms**
**Staged goals:**
**realistic aims for year 1, year 2, year 3, e.g. parallel algorithm development in year 1, possibly with MPP implementation, metacomputer implementation  attacking a flagship problem in year 2,....**

**LOTS of raw material:**
**Condor stuff**
**Globus stuff**
**global optimization**
**MIP and other discrete problems**
**different parallel models (tree, tree / pool, client-server)**
**New interfaces (Mike, Michael, Jean-Pierre,....)**
**Challenge: Organize it all!**
**Send me your slides (please); I’ll try to summarize some aspects of our discussion.**
**Focus on “interface” issues**
**Roadmap with staged goals**
**Staying in touch: regular full meeting, subset meetings, phone conferences, internet video**

## A Few Research Issues

**In discrete optimization, lots of fun issues just in the optimization / numerical analysis!**
**Need a more abstract way to spawn tasks**
**Identify commonality between different optimization algs**
**In many apps, don’t want to retransmit all the data to a new task: maybe store “base” data on each processor and transmit “incremental” data**
**Work with a dedicated set of resources; enhancement of the “spontaneous” task-spawning model....**
# Presentation: 023885

## The Freedom to Choose Flat Tax:The First Step to Tax Reform

- May 11, 2005

- 		     	      Presented By: 	Stephen Moore
-                          				Senior Fellow in Economics at
-                                                  		the Cato Institute

- 		     	      Presented To: 	The President’s Advisory 						Panel on Federal Tax Reform

## Problems with the Current Tax System

- Lost Economic Output
- Multiple Levels of Tax on Savings
- Adverse Impact on Trade by Penalizing Investment
- Political Instability
- Costs of Complexity
- How the Tax System Hurts Small Businesses
- Unfairness of the Tax Code

## Why a Flat Tax

- Taxes All Income Once and Only Once
- Eliminates Most Complexity for Individual Tax Filers
- Fair and Economically Efficient Single Rate
- Increases Savings and Investment
- Flat Taxes All Over the World

## Political Barriers to the Flat Tax

- Well-Funded Special Interest Lobbyists Protect Their Loopholes
- Many Americans Want to Keep “Sacred Cow” Deductions
- Transition Costs Are Huge and Complicated
- The Winners and Losers Problem
- “Middle-Class Tax Hike”
- Americans Like “Choice”

## How the Freedom to Choose Flat Tax Works

- Establishes a Hall-Rabushka Flat Tax of 20% for Businesses and Workers
- Allows Every Worker and Business the Choice to Opt In to the Flat Tax
- Requires that Workers and Businesses Stay with the Flat Tax Once They Choose It
- No Transition Rules, Simply Amends the Current Tax Code
- Replaces the AMT with Essentially an Alternative Maximum Tax
- Integration of the Payroll Tax

## The Freedom to Choose Flat Tax:  Answering the Critics

- Large Revenue Losses – Dynamic Versus Static
- Adds Complexity By Creating Two Codes – Eliminates the AMT
- Is a Gimmick – Hong Kong System is Optional
- Tax Cut for Rich – Americans Believe 25% Should Be Maximum Tax
- Is Inferior to the Straight Consumption Tax – This Is First Step to Tax Reform
# Presentation: 062440

## DRAFT

**WAAS Integrity Resolution Process **

**Pat Reddan**
**22 June 2005**

**ZETA****  ****    ****ASSOCIATES**

## WIRP Objectives

***“******Purpose of the WIRP is to assess the validity of a threat against the fielded WAAS by providing an evaluation of the threat for the fault tree and, in the event that the probability exceeds the margin in the fault tree, determine an acceptable exposure time to the threat.*****”**
**The WAAS Integrity Resolution Process (WIRP) provides means to address integrity threats against fielded WAAS**
**Integrity threats assigned to nodes on fault tree**
**Mitigation of threat is lengthy, complex**
**All changes must adhere to WAAS Change Control Process (WCCP)**
**Evaluation of threats against operational system introduces complexity in PASS/FAIL criteria as well as action or response**
**Response options are Service shutdown, switch to emergency mode, place a GEO in test mode, revert to previous system build**
**Acceptable or tolerable exposure time is THE key factor in dealing with operational system**
**Focus of WIPP investigation of such threats is exposure time**
** **

## WIRP

## WIRP

**Process initiated by either Integrity Hazard Record or WAAS Integrity Problem Report**
**WAAS Safety Team reviews all hazard records & problem reports (WPRs) in context of fault tree**
**WIPP review determines whether hazard is an ‘acceptable risk’ & if not, performs hazard assessment analysis**
**‘****acceptable risk’ finding supported with WIPP assertion (used in HMI analysis document) that reflects characteristic of WAAS which is known to be true along with rationale**
**Hazard assessment determines a P(HMI) allocation for the threat & the exposure time**
**Result is an acceptable risk for a ***specific*** time period**

## Hazard Assessment Guidelines

**Each integrity threat evaluated on case by case basis, NO definitive set of rules to be applied in Hazard Assessment**
**Models --- can base on empirical data (IOC 30-day HMI set, FLP HMI sets, offline monitoring data from FAATC, field data)**
**Level D generated results mean additional data necessary**
**Single fault at a time -- directly affects exposure time, should only be invoked for truly rare, random & uncorrelated events**
**Exposure time – set to zero ***UNLESS*** HMI analysis allocation has margin to accommodate the specific threat**
**WIPP collective judgment & rationale forms basis for non-zero exposure period on case by case basis**

## Types of Integrity Threats

## WIRP Example

**Range Domain Monitor – algorithm equation error unearthed during review of changes associated with GIVE monitor**
**WAAS Integrity Fault Tress Resolution – node 10R, RDM Algorithm performance fails, cannot be justified**
**Temporary Assertion – probability of C&V CP L1/L2 bias or station clock error causing 5.33 sigma error is neglibile**
**WIRP Probability Allocation – 4.50E-8**
**Rationale – actual range domain monitor threat not observed since RDM was fielded, analysis of this observed performance shows event likelihood of ....**
**Exposure Time – six months if RDM is needed to mitigate HMI**
# Presentation: 673520

## PC-104 Use at JLAB

**Arne Freyberger**

## Why PC-104?

**Desire to control hardware not requiring VME**
**Serial (RS232/RS485)**
**ARCnet**
**GPIB**
**Small form-factor...put it inside a magnet**
**Large variety of cards and features**

## Why LINUX?

**No licensing issues**
**Familiar UNIX-like OS**
**Not real-time, but moving in that direction****(kernel 2.5.15)**

## Current configuration

**PC104 card: 32MB RAM;  64MB Flash; Ethernet port and 2 serial ports**
**Using EPICS R3.14.0beta1 compiled under RedHat7.2**
**Used to host soft-only records (~1000 calc/ai)**

## Current status

**EPICS database processing works well**
**SNL code crashes **
**Probably because it’s compiled against RH7.2, but the kernel is RH6.2 (factory compiled)**
**Working on building our own kernel**
**Looking for insight and experience from other labs**
**Contact freyberg@jlab.org**
# Presentation: 677768

## LCRI 25.5B. Conflict resolution

- 2) Choice of qualifying term
- a) Title proper is a "generic" title (i.e., it consists solely of an
- indication of type of publication and/or periodicity, exclusive
- of articles, prepositions, and conjunctions). Use as the
- qualifier the heading for the body issuing or publishing the
- serial/series.  If more than one corporate body is associated
- with the work, choose the body responsible for issuing the
- serial/series, rather than the one only publishing it.  If
- multiple bodies are performing the same function, generally
- choose the one named first.

## 2) Choice of qualifying term (Cont’d)

- a) (Cont’d)
- 130 	$a Bulletin (American Dairy Products Institute)
- 130 	$a Bulletin (British Columbia. Dept. of Mines
- 		and Petroleum Resources)
- 130 	$a Bulletin (Université libre de Bruxelles. Service de
- 		physique des particules élémentaires)
- 130 	$a Occasional paper (Australia. Bureau of Industry
- 		Economics)
- 130 	$a Occasional paper (King's College (University of
- 		London). Dept. of Geography)

## 2) Choice of qualifying term (Cont’d)

- b) Other situations.  Use judgment in determining the most
- appropriate qualifier for the serial/series being cataloged.
- Possible qualifiers are given in the following list; the listing is
- not prescriptive and is not in priority order.  If none of these
- qualifiers is appropriate, use any word(s) that will serve to
- distinguish the one serial/series from the other. Use more than one qualifier if needed to make the uniform title unique.

## 2) Choice of qualifying term (Cont’d)

- b) (Cont’d)
- corporate body
- date of publication
- descriptive data elements, e.g., edition statement, GMD, physical medium
- place of publication
# Presentation: 016104

## Accumulator Coolingfor Run II

- Stacktail Measurements
- Designed for ≥30 mA/hour
- Stacktail - Core Coupling problems

## Stochastic Stacking

- Simon van Der Meer solution:
- Constant Flux:
- Solution:
- Exponential Density Distribution generated by Exponential Gain Distribution
- Max Flux = (W2||*E**d*)/(f0p ln(2))

- Using log scales on vertical axis

## Stacktail Performance

- Fit to exponential in region of stacktail (845-875 in these units)
- Calculate Maximum Flux for fitted gain shape
- Different beam currents

- Independent of Stack Size
- Max Flux ~10x stack rate

## Stacktail - Core Coupling

- Coupling in regions where frequency bands overlap
- 2-4 GHz ! much larger than previous overlap
- Two phenomena
- Coherent beam feedback
- Stacktail kicks beam and coherent motion is seen at core
- Misalignment gives transverse - longitudinal coupling
- Try to correct with  kickers

## Stacktail Schottky Signals

- Core

- Freshly injected
-  beam

- Later in cycle

- Stacktail Leg1

## Core 2-4 Schottky Signals

## Core 2-4 Schottky Signals

- No injected beam
- Stacktail ON!

## Coherent Beam Feedback 

- Use Stacktail FB spectrum
- Convolute  1/f and Gaussian Core
- Reasonable explanation of shape

## Is this a problem?

- Generally, no.
- Most of Core power is not cooling core but responding to this mechanism
- Cannot get rid of it though
- Except for misalignment question
- Betatron lines are in regions where there is significant power!
- Don’t know magnitude of heating
- Do have idea of how to measure
- Compare to Stacktail  measurements
- Measure equilibrium emittance with stacktail on/off (after  kicker phasing)
# Presentation: 140156

## Shutdown Activities

- Cryostat warm-up
- Dilute contaminates
- Use purer helium on cooldown
- Thermal stress test for cassettes
- Move cassette from slot 102 to slot 101
- West cryostat at 6.5K (was 6.3K)
- East cryostat at 6.1K (was 5.5K)
- LED pulser upgrades
- FPS waveguide studies and moves
- CPS mapping studies
- Readout Firmware Updates
- SEQC/SEQ  for tick
- AFE for tick, clockgen, and 1553
- High rate scanning tests
- Trigger
- Hardware upgrades
- Transition boards
- Power supplies
- Firmware upgrades
- Continuing commissioning/testing
- FPD “cassette” installation
- Installation of table top between cryostats

## Thermal Stress Test

- Warmup began 13 Jan
- Most cassette module heaters started turning on about 17 Jan after 1800
- Cold block temperatures rising at about 0.4K per hour
- Turned off on 19 Jan at about 1800
- Roughly 38 hours at full heater power of 1.6 watts per cassette
- Cold blocks averaged about ~322K
- Isotherms estimated to reach ~325K
- Hybrid assemblies oven cured at 339K
- 8 fiber plug assemblies cleaned at 308K
- Polystyrene deformation temp 355K
- Visual inspection of assembled modules reveals no surprises
- Lost contact with 13 heaters and 2 temp sensors
- VLPCs remain sensitive to light

## To Be Studied

- Continue testing seq scanning
- Between stores occupancy
- Split peds
- Pedestal variation versus tick number
- Check status of pdaqexamine results
- Tick
- Data integrity
- DB4/5
- FPD calibration
- Smoke detectors on platform
- test and optimize smoke detectors

## To Be Addressed?

- Complete installation of DB4/DB5
- 1A2 download problems
- New VRBC firmware
- CPS personality
- CPS stereo installation
- CPS axial development/installation
- LED pulser
- Additional pulser boards
- Remote control for 5V power
- Software enhancements
- Address coupling between boards
- CPS link issues
- Optimize AFE installation
- Alarms  updates
- Invalid data
- Individual pixels that suffer from  breakdown
- Crate x53 VRBC replacement

## To be Addressed?

- Enclose back of rack PC19
- 	Power supply issues
- PS-2-B/+33V readback problem (151969)
- measure backplane voltages?
- calibrate Vicor voltage readouts?
- separate CFT+PS from CAL BLS supply swaps
- AFE cooling enhancements?
- Double wide air dams for special locations
- tighten ductwork
- Air filter retainers?
- Enhance protection of LVDS cable plant
- LVDS strain relief?
- Close-up
- Verify bayonet installations
- Verify AFE map and SEQ fibers
- Replace AFE fan filters
- LED studies
# Presentation: 161414

## Levitated-Pole Superconducting Dipole for Use in Beam Separators for LHC

- Peter McIntyre and Akhdiyor Sattarov
- Dept. of Physics
- Texas A&M University

- *Work supported by US Dept. of Energy, grant # DE-FG03-95ER40924,
- and by EC FP6: ‘Structuring. the European Research Area’, CARE-RII3-CT-3003-506395.

- TUA08PO11

## Optimizing the Intersection Regions of LHC for High Luminosity

- A strategy for optimizing the intersection region of LHC is being developed.  The quadrupole triplet is moved closer to the intersection point (12 m), within the footprint of the detectors.  The inner quadrupole utilizes an ironless design.  Its coils use a structured cable that incorporates internal refrigeration with supercritical helium.  The separation dipole utilizes a levitated-pole design.
- This approach opens the possibility to achieve a minimum * without increase of chromatic and geometric aberrations.  The crossing angle can be reduced, and the aperture required in the quadrupole triplet is reduced significantly.  The additional space that is opened in the lattice can be used for additional quads to improve the insertion matching.

## LHC Intersection Region:Superconducting Magnets in Harm’s Way

- IR performance is *optimized* by moving optical train as close as possible to IP
- IR performance is *optimized* by placing quads first – mimimize effects of chromaticity, harmonics and placement errors.
- Want *short *D1 to minimize # of long-range crossings.
- The highest-energy secondaries travel through the quadrupoles into the beam separation dipole D1.
- There they are swept horizontally into the side walls of D1:
- Large heat load in coils (up to ~3 kW)
- Large radiation damage to coil insulation

## Optimized IR Optics

- How to make D1 with high field strength (superconducting)
- impervious to huge heat load (~3 kW) and radiation damage?

## D1: Levitated-Pole Dipole

- Cancel Lorentz forces on coils, pole steel.

**8.7 T**
**4.5 K**
**56 ****mm aperture**

- Cold iron

- Warm iron

- Heat, radiation taken on room-temp steel!

## Latest design: 9 Tesla @ 4.5 K

- Support each pole piece using tension struts (low heat load).		56 mm clear aperture

- All windings are racetracks.
- Only pole tip winding is Nb3Sn.
- All others are NbTi.

## Levitation works over dynamic range needed for LHC

## Mechanical Support

## Could this dipole use the racetrack coils being developed for the first phase of LARP quads?

- Needs 2 racetrack Nb3Sn windings
- All other windings are NbTi racetrack windings
- Could be a ‘simple’ first long dipole using Nb3Sn, which would even be useful in LHC!
# Presentation: 448917

## N

**A**

**B**

**C**

- b

- a

- c

**sin(A)/a = sin(B)/b = sin( C )/c**
**a = (c)sin(A)/sin(C)**

**180 > AZ(T****A****) > AZ(T****B****)**
**A = 180 – AZ(T****A****)**
**B = AZ(T****B****)**
**C = 180 – A – B **
**C = AZ(T****A****) – AZ(T****B****)**

- T**A**

- T**B**

**180 < AZ(T****A****) < AZ(T****B****)**
**A = AZ(T****A****) - 180**
**B = 360 – AZ(T****B****)**
**C = 180 – A – B **
**C = AZ(T****A****) – AZ(T****B****)**

- B

- A

- C

- TB

- β = EL(TB)

- a

- h = (a)tan(β)
# Presentation: 734898

## Incorporating User Defined Heuristics into FATCOP

- Michael Ferris		Qun Chen
- Department of Computer Sciences, UW-Madison

## Motivation

- Obtain good integer feasible solutions in the early stages of branch-and-bound
- Measure the quality of solutions obtained by heuristic algorithms

## Dynamic Linking

## Simple Interfaces

- Perform heuristics at root node
- Input: relaxed LP solution and MIP data
- Output: (integer) feasible solution or modified MIP model
- Rounding heuristics at node
- Input: an LP solution and MIP data
- Output: (integer) feasible solution
- Searching heuristics at node
- Input: integer feasible solution and MIP data
- Output: (improved) integer feasible solution

## Prototyping 

- 1.	 Product Design Problem
- Perform heuristics at root node
- 2. Set Covering Problem
- Rounding heuristics at node

## Example for Product Design Problem

- Maximize market share by choosing a product profile.
- Product has 7 attributes, and each attribute has 7 levels.  100 Customers are investigated.
- Genetic Algorithm is performed at root node.

## Slide 7

## Example for Set Covering Problem

- min  cTx		s.t.	Ex>=e  and  xj = 0 or 1
- E  {0,1}300600,	ci  U(1,20),
- Rounding Heuristics is performed every 10 iterations.

## Slide 9

## Slide 10

## Discussion

- How do users interpret a solution provided by the solver?
- presolved MIP
- cutting planes
- How to use heuristics to guide node selection and branching variable selection?
- incumbent solution

## Other Related Work

- Comparison of CPLEX and SOPLEX
- Allow FATCOP use SOPLEX or CPLEX
- Heuristics Modules
- heterogeneous/fly in FATCOP
- Hooking up FATCOP to AMPL
- Cut and Branch algorithm

## Slide 13

## Slide 14

## Slide 15
# Presentation: 228077

## Muon Collider Design Workshop @BNL

- Chuck Ankenbrandt               Fermilab

- Road Map to a Muon Collider
- Can we get there from here?

- Chuck Ankenbrandt
- Fermilab
- December 7, 2007

##  Good News

- Fermilab management likes muon colliders
- Project X could drive a muon collider
- Lots of interesting work going on
- E.g. Neuffer: Neutrino Study 2A front end can be shortened
- Still lots of opportunities for creativity and innovation

- December 5, 2007

- Chuck Ankenbrandt               Fermilab

## Bad News

- Muon survival from production to collider is O(10-3)
- 50 T solenoids probably can handle only one bunch at a time
- We don’t have a complete scheme that works for a high-luminosity energy-frontier muon collider
- We need a few more miracles
- (cf. Harris cartoon: “Then a miracle occurs.”)
- There is too much resistance to new ideas
- Open-mindedness is necessary
- Criticism should be carefully considered and constructive

- December 5, 2007

- Chuck Ankenbrandt               Fermilab

## Persistence is necessary

- Slip-stacking took ~25 years from proposal to implementation
- Barrier buckets: lots of skepticism; decades before full use
- MuCool test area took about a decade
- The meek shall inherit the earth...
- But it’s taking too damn long
- I can no longer afford to wait decades, so...
- 8-GeV protons CAN be used to make muons
- Alternative collection schemes look interesting
- Coalescing of muon bunches at high energy works well, so the development of schemes that allow this should be encouraged
- HCCs will be useful (even without rf)

- December 5, 2007

- Chuck Ankenbrandt               Fermilab

## My opinions

- Roadmap may be helpful, but it must be flexible
- We should identify the most promising paths, i.e. approaches to various subsystems
- Baseline scheme or parameter list may be premature
- Could inhibit creativity if misinterpreted
- Counter-example: beam energy = 750 GeV
- Anyone who wants to use muons should be supported
- E.g. stopping muon beams: mu to e conversion experiment
- Regard them as allies and not diversions
- The muon collider community needs more cooperation, collaboration, cross-fertilization

- December 5, 2007

- Chuck Ankenbrandt               Fermilab
# Presentation: 764769

## COMMISSION PRESENTATION

**January 20, 2006**

**MEDIA BUREAU**

## 2005 Milestones

- 2

**2005 Milestones**
** ****Progress in the DTV Transition**
** ****Increased MVPD Competition**
** ****Improved Spectrum Management**
** ****Broadband Deployment**
** ****Disaster Relief **

## Availability of Digital Programming

**Availability of Digital Programming**

**HOMES PASSED by**
**CABLE HDTV SERVICE**** **

*** *****1,550 Stations Broadcasting**
** ****90% Built-Out**
** ****1****st**** Round Channel Election**
**  ****Process Completed**

- 3

**DIGITAL BROADCASTERS**

## Support of Consumer Investment

**Support of Consumer Investment**

*** *****Consumer Education**
**   ****Campaign**
** ****DTV Tuner Order**
** ****Plug-n-Play Reporting   **
**  ****Requirements**

**CONSUMER PURCHASES**
**OF DTV EQUIPMENT**** **

-   **DTV EQUIPMENT SOLD**
**  ****CUM. DTV HOUSEHOLDS**

- 4

**FCC ACTIONS**

## Growth of MVPD Subscribers

**VIEWERS SOURCE OF PROGRAMMING**

-   **OVER-THE-AIR  **
**  ****CABLE SUBSCRIBERS**

- 1993

- 1999

- 2005

-    **DBS SUBSCRIBERS**
**   ****OTHER MVPDS**

**Growth of MVPD Subscribers**

- 5

## Implementation of Satellite Home Viewer and Extension Reauthorization Act

**Review of Cable Franchising Process for New Entrants (e.g., telcos)**
** ****Ongoing Review of Adelphia Transaction**

- COMPETITION

- 6

## Facilitate Deployment of Services

**Facilitate Deployment of Services**

*** *****Proposed Radio**
**   ****Licensing Streamline**
** ****Issued New FM Permits**
** ****Clarified LPFM Rules**
** ****Processed Broadcast**
**   ****Renewals**

**DIGITAL AUDIO BROADCASTING**
** ****AUTHORIZATIONS**

- 7

## Cable Modem Service

**Cable Modem Service**

- BROADBAND

**GROWTH in SUBSCRIBERS**

***(*****millions*****)***

** ****Availability: 105 Million**
**  ****Households**
** ****Subscribers: 23 Million**
** **_**Brand X**_** Decision**

- 8

## Granted 53 Waivers to Affected Broadcasters Within

**   ****Days of Landfall**
**Granted 18 Special Temporary Authorizations**
**Examples of Relief Provided:**
**Authorized Salvation Army operation of LPFM **
**Granted noncommercial stations authority to interrupt regular programming for fundraising efforts**
**Authorized LPFM broadcast to Katrina evacuees in Houston Astrodome**** **

- DISASTER RELIEF

- 9

## TO DO:

_**TO DO:**_
** ****FACILITATE DTV TRANSITION**
** ****ROLL-OUT OF DIGITAL RADIO  **
** ****AUCTION FM ALLOTMENTS**
** ****INITIATE 2006 OWNERSHIP **
**    ****REVIEW**

- 10
# Presentation: 428641

## Stephen L. Scott
Oak Ridge National Lab
January 10, 2002

**Oak Ridge National Lab**
**January 10, 2002**

**Open Source Cluster Application Resources**

**Roadmap 1.x –to- 2.0**

**2****nd**** Annual****OSCAR Meeting**

## Adopted for v1.2 onward

- OSCAR Annual Meeting - 2002

- Release often - monthly
- Incremental growth into v2.0 functionality
- No longer limited to “best practices”
- New software may be created specifically for OSCAR
- Release czars announced in October
- v1.x Richard Ferri
- v2.0 Stephen Scott
- v2.0 theme “do no harm”
- scale to 1024 nodes
- single head node model is dead
- OSCAR head node is where DB resides
- Each package may designate their own head node

## OSCAR – v1.2

- OSCAR Annual Meeting - 2002

| OS Layer | RedHat 7.1 |
| --- | --- |
| Installation & System Cloning | System Installation Suite (SIS), configuration database |
| Security | OpenSSH / OpenSSL |
| System Services & Cluster Management | C3, SystemImager |
| Job Management | OpenPBS, Maui Scheduler |
| Programming Environment | PVM, MPICH, LAM/MPI
 |
| Packaging | Integrated components, auto-installation, documentation, quick-install document, moved more infrastructure to sourceforge |

-  Developer release 1.2b4 January 3, 2002

## v1.3 – February 2002

- OSCAR Annual Meeting - 2002

- Add / Delete node capability
- API to DB
- Which packages are “touched”
- PBS, C3, PVM (if hosts file), MPICH
- C3 v3.x
- Security – head node only tasks
- IA-64 support
- SIS to populate DB
- Add virtual node functionality to SIS
- (“65thnode...”)
- RH 7.2 support

## v1.4 – March 2002

- OSCAR Annual Meeting - 2002

- Grouping
- Explicit grouping, no inheritance
- GUI / Command Line – wizard
- Package DB support within Core
- SIS
- C3
- ODR
- Wizard
- Package DB API published

## v1.5 – April 2002

- OSCAR Annual Meeting - 2002

- Package DB support for existing OSCAR
- ssh
- lam/mpi
- mpich
- pvm
- pbs
- maui
- C3
- Add / Delete package – ODR
- Cluster status package – NCSA’s clustermon
- [APIs not guaranteed as final until OSCAR 2.0 release]

## v1.6 / (v2.0 beta) – May 2002

- OSCAR Annual Meeting - 2002

- Security for compute nodes
- permit exposed compute nodes
- Removal of single all encompassing head node
- no more implied client-server role for head node
- Add to contributed packages from others

## v2.0 – June 2002

- OSCAR Annual Meeting - 2002

- Begin evolution of v2.x releases
- Add to cluster usability
- auto configure nodes on boot
- multiple instances of same package
- ie) PVM 3.4.2 and 3.3.4
- Allow packages to specify their own server(s)

## v? – some open questions

- OSCAR Annual Meeting - 2002

- How to upgrade to the next OSCAR?
- What does it mean to upgrade OSCAR?
- Should it only be component upgrades?
- Support for packages other than RPMs
- Support for other Linux like OSs - Unix