# Presentation: 107996

## HAZARDOUS MATERIALS SHIPPING CLASS

- Awareness Training

## AGENDA

- Introduction
- Overview
- Classification
- Packaging
- Marking
- Labeling
- Placarding
- Shipping Papers
- E-Mail Questions
- Summary

## Department of Transportation

- History of Hazardous Materials Regulations
- Hazardous Materials Table
- Hazard Classes
- Labels and Placards
- Performance Oriented Packaging

## Hazardous Materials Transportation Act (HMTA)

- The Research and Special Programs Administration (RSPA) governs the implementation of the regulations.
- The HMTA was enacted in 1974.
- Most recent changes to United Nations standards began in 1991; on-going.
- Regulations located in 49 CFR 171-179.

## The Hazardous Materials Regulations

- When
- do
- they apply?

## To which shipments do DOT Rules apply?

- Transportation of hazardous materials “in commerce.”
- Covers loading , moving, unloading and incidental storage of any shipment by aircraft, rail, boat, or motor vehicle

## When does regulation begin?

- Preparation
- Begins with classification of material
- Offering
- Loading
- Movement

## Exceptions

- Small Quantity Exception (173.4)
- 30 ml for liquids
- 30 g for solids
- 1 g for 6.1, PGI material
- Packaging and shipping requirements
- Materials of Trade Exception (173.6)
- Meet definition in 171.8
- 0.5 kg or 0.5 L for PGI material
- 30 kg or 30 L for other material

## The Hazardous Materials Regulations

- Definitions

## Definitions

- Hazardous Material:
*“**A substance or material, including a hazardous substance, which has been determined by the Secretary of Transportation to be capable of posing an unreasonable risk to health, safety, and property when transported in commerce, and which has been so designated.”*
**                          ****49 CFR 171.8**

## Definitions

-  **H****AZMAT EMPLOYEE** :
*“**A* *person who is employed by a hazmat employer and directly affects hazmat transportation safety including*:
- A person (including a self-employed person) who:
- loads, unloads, or handles hazmat;
- manufactures, tests, reconditions, repairs, modifies, marks, or otherwise represents packagings as qualified for use in the transportation of hazmat;
-  prepares hazmat for transportation;
- is responsible for safety of transporting hazmat; or
- operates a vehicle used to transport hazmat.

## Definitions

**TRAINING **:
*“**A systematic program (i.e., consistent approach, testing, and documentation) that ensures that a hazmat employee has knowledge of hazardous materials and the HMR, and can perform assigned hazmat functions properly. **See § 172.700(b) through §172.704. “**	*

## Definitions

**Cycle of transportation:**
*“  **Generally refers to the entire process regulated by the US DOT hazardous materials regulations, including:*
*a.  Preparing a package for transportation (e.g., classification, naming, packaging, marking and labeling, preparing shipping papers); *
*b.  Loading and preparing (e.g. placarding) the transport vehicle;*
*c.  Moving the vehicle; *
*d. Storing the material incident to transportation; and *
*e.  Unloading the material at the ultimate consignee.”*

## Definitions

**Shipper:**
*“ **Any person who either prepares or offers a package (which includes a tank truck) containing hazardous materials for transportation on public right-of-way.  Preparing a hazardous material for transportation includes classifying, naming, packaging, marking & labeling, preparing shipping papers, and offering or affixing placards depending upon the packaging types.*
*Any person who offers hazardous materials for shipment is responsible for ensuring that the packaging is properly prepared.  *
*Persons who prepare packaging for transport are responsible for ensuring their portion of the preparation is done in accordance with applicable DOT regulations.”*** **

## Five Pre-Transport Requirements:

- Packaging
- Marking
- Labeling
- Placarding
- Shipping Documents
- Shipper’s Responsibility!!!

## CLASSIFICATION

## Steps:
Is it hazardous material?
What is hazard(s)?
Exceptions?

- Is it hazardous material?
- What is hazard(s)?
- Exceptions?

_**Classification**_

## The Hazardous Materials Table (49 CFR Subpart B, §172.101) designates the materials listed therein as hazardous materials for the purpose of transportation of those materials.

- Hazardous
- Materials
- Table

##  For each listed material, the Table identifies the hazard class or specifies that the material is forbidden in transportation, and gives the proper shipping name or directs the user to the preferred proper shipping name. 

-  For each listed material, the Table identifies the hazard class or specifies that the material is forbidden in transportation, and gives the proper shipping name or directs the user to the preferred proper shipping name.
- In addition, the Table specifies or references requirements in this subchapter pertaining to labeling, packaging, quantity limits aboard aircraft and stowage of hazardous materials aboard vessels.

- Hazardous
- Materials
- Table

## Hazardous Materials Table

- Comprised of 10 columns that provide information on:
- mode of transportation restrictions/conditions
- proper shipping name
- hazard class
- UN or NA identification number
- packing group
- required labels
- special provisions
- packaging requirements
- air transportation
- vessel transportation

## Naming

## The Hazardous Materials Table - Subpart B

- Column 2:  Hazardous Materials Descriptions & Proper Shipping Names
- Lists hazardous materials descriptions and proper shipping names
- PSNs are in Roman type ONLY
- No alteration or modification allowed
- May use “N.O.S.” as part of PSN                        when hazmat does not appear                                    on HMT

## The Hazardous Materials Table - Subpart B

- Authorized Shipping Names
- Four PSN Groups
- Group 1:  Chemical Name
- Examples:  acetone, sulfuric acid, nitrogen
- Group 2:  General Description
- Examples:  adhesives, paint-related materials, compounds, cleaning liquid

## The Hazardous Materials Table - Subpart B

- Authorized Shipping Names (Continued):
- Group 3: Generic names (Chemical Family)
- Examples: alcohol, n.o.s.; nitrates, n.o.s.; insecticide gases, n.o.s.
- Group 4:  Hazard Class Names
- Examples:  flammable liquids, n.o.s.; corrosive solids, n.o.s.; compressed gases, n.o.s.

## The Hazardous Materials Table - Subpart B

- Authorized Shipping Names
- Words in *Italics* not part of PSN
- PSN can be singular/plural; CAPITALIZED or all lower case letters

## The Hazardous Materials Table - Subpart B

- Column 3:  Hazard Class or Division
- Contains hazard class designations that correspond to PSNs listed on HMT
- Mandatory
- “Forbidden” in this column means hazmat may not be transported by any means
- does not apply if hazmat is diluted,                                   or incorporated in another product,                                    or stabilized

## HAZARD CLASSES

- Hazard Classes Are Numbers
- Definitions in 49 CFR 173
- Hazard Must Be Right

## CLASS 1 - EXPLOSIVES

- Explosives
- Divided into six (6) divisions
- Means any article designed to, or inherently capable of, extremely rapid release of gas and heat.
- Examples would include Trinitrophenol(Picric Acid) and Trinitrotoluene.

## CLASS 2 - GASES

- Compressed Gases
- Divided into three (3) divisions
- Defined by temperature (680F) and        pressure (14.7 psi) at which it becomes          gas; and those additional characteristics (Corrosivity, flammability, etc.) which    provide it’s hazard characteristics
- Examples - oxygen, phosgene

## CLASS 3 - FLAMMABLE LIQUID

- Flammable Liquids
- Liquid with flash point of not more   than 1410F
- Examples - Paint thinner, Acetone, Methanol.

## CLASS 4 - FLAMMABLE SOLIDS

- Flammable Solid
- Divided into three (3) divisions
- Division 4.1: Flammable Solids
- Division 4.2: Spontaneously Combustible
- Division 4.3: Dangerous When Wet
- Examples - Sodium Metal.

## CLASS 5 - OXIDIZING SUBSTANCES

- Oxidizers
- Divided into two (2) divisions
- Division 5.1: Oxidizers
- Division 5.2: Organic peroxides
- Examples - Benzoyl Peroxide,Sodium Nitrate.

## CLASS 6 - POISONS

- Poisonous Materials
- Divided into two (2) divisions
- Division 6.1:  Poison (Other than Gas)
- Division 6.2: Infectious substancesExamples - Cyanides

## CLASS 7 - RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS

- Radioactive Materials
- Considered acutely hazardous        substances
- Restricted by packaging, quantity,    labeling & marking, routes of          transport, means of transport
- Also controlled by NRC

## CLASS 8 - CORROSIVE MATERIALS

- Corrosives
- A liquid/solid that
- causes full thickness destruction of human skin at point of contact
- A liquid that has a severe corrosion         rate on steel or aluminum
- Examples - Acids, Bases.

## CLASS 9 - MISCELLANEOUS  HM

- Miscellaneous Hazardous Materials
- Material presents hazard during transport but doesn’t meet definition of any other hazard class

## The Hazardous Materials Table - Subpart B

- Column 4:  Identification Numbers
- Lists identification numbers assigned to each PSN on HMT
- if preceded by “UN”, appropriate for international shipment
- if preceded by “NA”, not appropriate for shipment internationally (unless to Canada)
- UN/NA numbers also found in                          NAERG

## The Hazardous Materials Table - Subpart B

- Column 5: Packing Groups
- Degree of Danger
- I - Major Hazard
- II - Medium Hazard
- III - Minor Hazard

## BASIC DESCRIPTION49 CFR 172.101

- Proper Shipping Name - Column 2
- Hazard Class - Column 3
- UN/NA ID Number - Column 4
- Packing Group - Column 5

## Classification - Questions

- Proper shipping names are shown in what type print in the HazMat table?
- What does the term “forbidden”, in column 3 mean?
- What makes up the basic shipping description?

## Packaging

## ThePerformance-Oriented Packaging Standard

## UN Mark

- un or      u
-         n

- 1A2/Y/S/100
- 96/USA/1443

- United Nations symbol

- Type of container

- Year of manufacture

- Country of manufacture

- Manufacturer’s DOT number

- Packing group

- Maximum container weight

- Container is for solids

## Packaging Requirements

- Meet General Requirements (173.24)
- Conform to Column 7 Special Provisions
- Be Authorized Per Column 8
- Meet Performance Tests for POPs
- {Meet Specs for Spec Package}

## General Packaging Requirements

- 173.24
- Package Must be Compatible with Material
- Must be designed and constructed to prevent a release during activities incident to transportation.

## Authorized Packagings

- Column 8
- 8A - Exceptions
- 8B - Non-Bulk
- 8C - Bulk

## Packaging Must Meet Performance Level

- Look at Manufacturer’s Marking
- X =PGI, II and III
- Y = PG II and III
- Z = PG III Only

## Packaging - Questions

- What column in the HazMat table indicates what packaging is authorized?
- What packing groups are authorized for shipment in a “Y” packaging?

## Marking and Labeling

## Marking - Subpart D

- Each package of hazmat must be marked with such information as cannot be found on required labeling.
- Requirements differ when packaging is classed as bulk, or non-bulk.
- Non-bulk marking requirements are        most commonly used

## Marking - Subpart D

- Marking must be:
- Durable
- In English
- On a background of sharply contrasting color
- Away from and unobscured by other labels or attachments

## Marking - Subpart D

- Marking must include:
- Proper shipping name
- The UN/NA identification number
- Name and address of consignee; or
- Name and address of shipper
- Additional info if required (limited quantity, RQ)

## Labeling - Subpart E

***DOT Labels***
- Identify & communicate the hazards within the package
- Correspond to the hazard class/division of the material in the package

## Labeling - Subpart E

***It is a violation of DOT regulation to display a label(s) on a package prepared for transportation--unless the package contains the hazard(s) communicated by the label(s).***

## Labeling - Subpart E

***24 different DOT labels***
***Column 6 of the HMT (172.101) determines the label(s) required for a material***
***First label listed is ******PRIMARY ******hazard***
***Second label(s) listed are ******SUBSIDIARY ******labels***

## Labeling - Subpart E

***Primary Hazard Label***
- Only label on package with hazard class/division indicated.
- Must appear near the marked proper shipping name.

## Labeling - Subpart E

***Subsidiary Hazard Label***
- Subsidiary hazard labels don’t have hazard class/division number indicated.

## Additional Container Markings

- Types of markings that may be applied to containers of hazardous materials:
- directional arrows
- inhalation hazard
- marine pollutant
- aircraft warning

## Placarding

- 49 CFR 172 Subpart F
- Shipper required to supply placards
- Placards must not be confused with other signs on vehicle
- Placards must be placed on sides and each end of vehicle

## Placarding Requirements

- Warn of Hazard
- On Transport Vehicles
- Each Side & Each End
- Shipper Requirement
- Hazard Class In Bottom Point
- No Signs Or Slogans

## Marking, Labeling Placarding Questions

- What must be included on a HazMat marking?
- Which label, primary or subsidiary, would show the hazard class?
- Who is responsible for supplying the placards?

## Shipping Papers

## Shipping Paper

*A shipping order, bill of lading, manifest, or other shipping document serving a similar purpose and containing the information required by DOT.*

## Shipping Papers - Subpart C

- REF:  49 CFR Part 172, Subpart C
- Most hazmat shipments must be accompanied by shipping papers.
- May be bill of lading, manifest, shipping order
- as long as it complies with conditions             and requirements of 172, Subpart C

## Shipping Papers - Subpart C

- Hazmat entries must include:
- Proper shipping name (PSN)
- Numeric hazard class and division
- UN/NA number
- Packing group (in Roman numerals)
- Total quantity shipped
- Any additional data (e.g.. “RQ”)
- ER information
- Certification

## Shipping Papers - Subpart C

***Basic Description***
***1.  Proper Shipping Name....******	******acetone***
***2.  Hazard Class/Division.....******	******3***
***3.  Identification Number.....******	******UN 1090***
***4. Packing Group.....******	******	******          PG II***
***These four elements MUST appear in this order!***

## Shipping Papers - Subpart C

- Hazardous materials must be clearly identified on the shipping document.
- Use different color ink
- Put “X” next to each hazmat entry
- Segregate hazmat from the remainder of items on shipping document

## Shipping Paper - Questions

- How would you clearly identify a hazardous material on a shipping paper with a mixed shipment?
- In what order should the basic description appear on the shipping paper?

## E-Mail Address

- For questions concerning hazmat shipping requirements please e-mail:_ _
- _dan.poulos@noaa.gov_

## Summary

- Classification (HazMat table)
- Packaging
- Marking
- Labeling
- Placarding
- Shipping Papers