# Presentation: 883605

## Principle Investigator: C. P. Huang
Co-Investigator: Daniel Cha
Graduate Research Assistants:   Jih-Hsing Chang
				    Zhimin Qiang
				    Menghau Sung
				    Louis Cheng

University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716

**Co-Investigator: Daniel Cha**
**Graduate Research Assistants:   Jih-Hsing Chang**
**	****	****	****	****    ****Zhimin Qiang**
**	****	****	****	****    ****Menghau Sung**
**	****	****	****	****    ****Louis Cheng**
**University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716**

- Electrochemical Processes for
- In-situ Treatment of Contaminated Soils

## I. INTRODUCTION

**Typical contaminants in DOE soils   include PCE, TCE, CHCl****3****, CCl****4****, PAHs and heavy metals such as Cu(II), Pb(II), As(V), Cr(VI), and Zn(II). **
**Effective in-situ remediation technologies are urgently needed.**

## II. OBJECTIVES

**To develop electrochemical processes for the in-situ treatment of contaminated soils.**
**To study the mobilization of selected organics from soils by the electro-kinetic (EK) process.**
**To study the oxidation of selected organics by the electro-Fenton process.**
**To understand the mechanisms of the oxidation of selected organics by the electro-Fenton process. **

## III. CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF INTEGRATED ELECTROCHEMICAL PROCESS

- <footer>

- <date/time>

**III. CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF INTEGRATED ELECTROCHEMICAL PROCESS**

**IVA.1. Physical-chemical Characteristics of Soil Samples**

## IVA.2. Organic Compounds in Soil Samples

**IVA.2. Organic Compounds in Soil Samples**

## IVA.3. Heavy Metal Fractionation in Soil Samples

**IVA.3. Heavy Metal Fractionation in Soil Samples**

## IVB.1. Adsorption of PCE

**Experimental conditions:**
- p H = 7
- Ionic strength = 0.05 M (NaClO4)
- Cs = 150 mg/L

## IVB.2. Adsorption of TCE

**Experimental conditions:**
- p H = 7
- I = 0.05 M (NaClO4)
- Cs = 1100 mg/L

## IVB.3. Adsorption of Naphthalene

**Experimental conditions:**
- p H = 7
- I = 0.05 M (NaClO4)
- Cs = 30 mg/L
- Co-solvent to water (v) ratio= 1:4

## IVB.4. Adsorption of Naphthalene

**Experimental conditions:**
- p H = 7
- I = 0.05 M (NaClO4)
- Cs = 30 mg/L
- Co-solvent to water (v) ratio= 3:2
- Soil to solution ratio (w) = varying

## IVB.5. Adsorption of Chlorophenols (Adsorption Isotherms)

**Experimental conditions:**
- p H = 4
- I = 0.05 M (NaNO3)
- C0 = varying

## IVB.6. Adsorption of Chlorophenols (Effect of pH)

**Experimental conditions:**
- p H = varying
- I = 0.05 M (NaNO3)

## IVC.1. Electrochemical Generation of Hydrogen Peroxide (Setup)

## IVC.2. Electrochemical Generation of Hydrogen Peroxide (current intensity)

**Experimental conditions:**
- p H = 2
- I = 0.05 M (NaClO4)
- O2 = 2000 cc/min (pipe diffuser)
- T = 25 oC
- Cathode Area =754 cm2

## IVC.3. Electrochemical Generation of Hydrogen Peroxide (pH)

**Experimental conditions:**
- p H = varying
- I = 0.05 M (NaClO4)
- O2 = 2000 cc/min (100%, pipe diffuser)
- T = 25 oC
- Cathode Area =754 cm2
- Current Intensity = 1 Amp

## IVC.4. Electrochemical Generation of Hydrogen Peroxide (oxygen)

**Experimental conditions:**
- p H = 3
- I = 0.05 M (NaClO4)
- O2 = 2000 cc/min (stone diffuser)
- T = 25 oC
- Cathode Area = 754 cm2
- Current Intensity = 1 Amp

## IVC.5. Electrochemical Generation of Hydrogen Peroxide (temperature)

**Experimental conditions:**
- p H = 3
- I = 0.05 M (NaClO4)
- O2 = 2000 cc/min (100%, pipe diffuser)
- T = varying
- Cathode Area = 754 cm2
- Current Intensity = 1 Amp

## IVC.6. Electrochemical Generation of Hydrogen Peroxide (cathode surface area)

**Experimental conditions:**
- p H = 3
- I = 0.05 M (NaClO4)
- O2 = 2000 cc/min (100%, pipe diffuser)
- T = 25 oC
- Cathode Area = varying
- Current Intensity = 1 Amp

## IVC.7. Electrochemical Generation of Hydrogen Peroxide Peroxide (current efficiency- H2O2 yield)

**Experimental conditions:**
- p H = 3
- I = 0.05 M (NaClO4)
- O2 = 2000 cc/min (100%, stone diffuser)
- T = 25 oC
- Cathode Area = 754 cm2
- Current Intensity = 1 Amp

## IVD.1. Electrokinetics (setup)

## IVD.2. Electrokinetics (mono-chlorophenols)

**Experimental conditions:**
- p H = not controlled
- Electrolyte = 10-3 M (NaCl)
- Applied voltage = 12 v
- T = 25 oC
- Time = 15 days
- Electrode distance = 10 cm

## IVD.3. Electrokinetics (di-Chlorophenol)

**Experimental conditions:**
- p H = 6
- Electrolyte = 10-3 M (NaCl)
- Applied voltage = 12 v
- T = 25 oC
- Time = varying
- Electrode distance = 10 cm

## IVE.1. Fenton Oxidation (setup)

## IVE.2. Fenton Oxidation (PCE, batch mode)

**Experimental conditions:**
- p H = 3
- I = 5 x10-2M (NaClO4)
- H2O2 = 2 x10-3 M
- T = 25 oC
- FeSO4 = varying
- C0 = 50 ppm

## IVE.3. Fenton Oxidation (TCE, batch mode)

**Experimental conditions:**
- p H = 3
- I = 5 x10-2M (NaClO4)
- H2O2 = varying
- T = 25 oC
- FeSO4 = 3x10-3 M
- C0 = 100 ppm

## IVE.4. Fenton Oxidation (naphthalene, batch mode)

**Experimental conditions:**
- p H = 3
- I = 5 x10-2M (NaClO4)
- H2O2 = varying
- T = 25 oC
- FeSO4 = 1x10-3 M
- C0 =  25ppm

## IVE.5. Fenton Oxidation (continuous mode) 

**Experimental conditions:**
- p H = 3
- I = 5 x10-2M (NaClO4)
- H2O2 = 3.4 x10-4 M/min
- T = 25 oC
- FeSO4 = 1x 10-3 M (naphthalene), 1.5 x10-3 M (PCE), 3x10-3 M(TCE)
- C0 =  naphthalene:25 ppm; PCE = 50 ppm; TCE = 100ppm.