# Presentation: 450312

## Justin Kasper

- Review of science achievements

## The First Splinter

- The purpose of the first splinter group was to receive input from the community on the following questions:
- In your view, what is the most compelling and enabling science that will advance Heliophysics in the next 5-10 years?
- In the next 10-20 years?
- Goals:
- Lead in the roadmap with the most compelling science
- Identify any game-changing recent results
- develop better ways to portray our Heliophysics goals and long-term strategy.

## Process

- Material from each table gathered by member of committee and report written up for each session
- Session reports being combined
- Describe initial reaction today
- Recent results
- Anticipated outcomes
- Unifying science themes
- Strategic plans for specific science programs

## Recent accomplishments

- Unexpected ionospheric drivers
- Impacts of terrestrial weather and tides on the Earth’s ionosphere.
- Associations between ionospheric activity and solar wind variations
- Coupling across the bottom boundary between Earth’s atmosphere and the plasma environment (neutral atmosphere, thermosphere, mesosphere)
- Void regions in PMC images suggest coupling to lower atmosphere
- Signatures of terrestrial weather in the ionosphere?

## Recent accomplishments

- Measurements of reconnection, including in situ in the solar wind and in the magnetosphere, together with improved simulations. 3-D structure of reconnection.
- Better far-side observations of the Sun
- Observations of lower atmosphere drives of upper atmosphere variability as source of ITM variability
- Termination shock observations
- STEREO observations - CME propagation from the Sun to the earth.
- Hinode testing loop models

- STEREO/WAVES
- Radiation belt
- Dust!
- Power law acceleration

- CME INITIATION
- Near-term breakthroughs
- What is missing?
- thousands of CMES, but what causes them? Missing something...
- Origin may be below surface
- need to couple interior & surface processes -- (long term)
- SOLAR WIND ACCELERATION
- Near-term breakthrough:
- Solar probe will help verify models -- best shot
- What is missing?
- Need long term cycle observations: probe gets 1/2 cycle
- Want more probes -- multi-point onbservations to give --longterm
- Telemetry is a problem -- heliospheric DSN!

## Reconnection long term

- Near-term breakthroughs:
- Reconnection Observations
- Initiation from SDO -- all transients
- High time resolution, mutli wavelength
- Connection betwween short & long time scales, and small/large spatial scales- will be well done by SDO
- Intergration between data & modelling
- Microphysics & initiation, multi-scale is the most enabling for this topic
- what is missing -
-  no spectrograph on SDO
- Need high spatial, temporal and  spectral resolution in space
- spectra will identify electric current sheets
- Need in-stiu confirmation of remote sensing diagnostics
- Any connection with fusion research?
- Would like to image solar corona in such a way as to connect MMS in-situ observations to larger scales
- More connection between great Observatory spacecraft
- Multi-spacecraft missions working together in a concentrated region
- Near-solar in-situ measurements from Solar Probe.

## Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere

- Magnetophere-Ionosphere coupling possible in near term
- Need global state (mag field, E field), winds
- Models to couple them together
- Understanding micro-scale coupling
- Need IT Storm Probes
- GEC Mission
- Couple observations from constellation of spacecraft
- Strategic Issues
- Simulateneous measurements needed.  Difficult with a reduced flight rate.
- Problem that we are not implementing missions from previous roadmaps
- Coordination with ground based observations; difficult to get underlying physics
- SMEX possibilities
- Mission for Global IT Coupling
- Geostationary Imager by solar maximum
- Composition Changes (photons from Airglow)
- Synoptic Maps
- Measurements on order of a degree
- Science Question – What is the timescale for getting energy from the magnetosphere into the ionosphere and thermosphere?
- Drivers from below versus drivers from above

## Comparative studies

- COMPARITVE INTERNAL SOLAR & STELLAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS
- Near-Term breakthroughs:
- Helio & astero-seismology
- COROT, KEPLER missions to compare sun  & stars
- Depth of CZ, core, source of magnetic activity can be compared
- Missing aspects --
- more stars, longer time scales
- Long term -- spatial resoluton for comparisons of higher-degree modes,
-  more information on CZ, cores, direct imaging of emergence of stellar magnetic activity
- 30x30 pixels, 100 microArcsec resolution
- spectral resolution
- long-term predictive capability could be achieved.
- Origin of stellar/solar activity cycles

- Compare Earth’s magnetophere to Jupiter’s & Saturn’s  magnetosphere
- Comparative heliophyiscs
- 	Corona to magnetosphere
- 	Planetary magnetospheres
- 	Heliosphere to astrosphere
- 	Sun to Stars

## Summary

- Help us identify any missing pieces to this story
- Spacecraft not under senior review
- Guest Investigator and other independent research
- Are advances in some fields not captured by this process (aerobraking, exoplanets...)
- Resources
- Electronic copy of spreadsheet available
- Comments and suggestions greatly appreciated
- _[Helio.progress@gmail.com](mailto:Helio.progress@gmail.com)_