# Presentation: 135472

## Key Leader Orientation

**Key Leader Orientation**

**2-1**

## Key Leader Orientation

**Key Leader Orientation**

**2-2**

**Notes:**
Review flow chart.

## Provide an overview of the  Communities That Care research foundation. 

- Provide an overview of the  *Communities That Care *research foundation.

**Key Leader Orientation**

**2-3**

## Describe the research foundation of the Communities That Care system.

- Describe the research foundation of the *Communities That Care* system.
- Explain how the prevention-science research base helps build positive futures for youth and prevent problem behaviors.

**Key Leader Orientation**

**2-4**

## The Social Development Strategy
The public health approach
Research-based predictors of problem behaviors and positive youth outcomes—risk and protective factors
Tested, effective prevention strategies

- The Social Development Strategy
- The public health approach
- Research-based predictors of problem behaviors and positive youth outcomes—risk and protective factors
- Tested, effective prevention strategies

**Key Leader Orientation**

**2-5**

## Key Leader Orientation

**Key Leader Orientation**

**2-6**

## Key Leader Orientation

**Key Leader Orientation**

**2-7**

## A research-based model that organizes known protective factors into a guiding framework for building positive futures for children

- A research-based model that organizes known protective factors into a guiding framework for building positive futures for children

**Key Leader Orientation**

**2-8**

## Skills

- The goal...
**Healthy behaviors**
- for all children and youth

- Start with...
**Healthy beliefs & clear standards**
- ...in families, schools, communities and peer groups

- Build...
**Bonding**
**• ****Attachment   • Commitment**
- ...to families, schools, communities and peer groups

- By providing...
**Opportunities**

- By providing...
**Skills**

- By providing...
**Recognition**

- And by nurturing...
**Individual characteristics**

- ...in families, schools, communities and peer groups

**Key Leader Orientation**

**2-9**

## The Social Development Strategy
The public health approach

- The Social Development Strategy
- The public health approach

**Key Leader Orientation**

**2-10**

## Key Leader Orientation

**Key Leader Orientation**

**2-11**

## Based on research on predictors of health problems
Modifies predictors to prevent behavior problems
Can affect the entire social environment
Works through collaboration
Can create long-lasting results

- Based on research on predictors of health problems
- Modifies predictors to prevent behavior problems
- Can affect the entire social environment
- Works through collaboration
- Can create long-lasting results

**Key Leader Orientation**

**2-12**

## The Social Development Strategy
The public health approach
Research-based predictors of problem behaviors and positive youth outcomes—risk and protective factors

- The Social Development Strategy
- The public health approach
- Research-based predictors of problem behaviors and positive youth outcomes—risk and protective factors

**Key Leader Orientation**

**2-13**

## Research has identified risk factors in four domains:

- Research has identified *risk factors* in four domains:

**Key Leader Orientation**

**2-14**

- Risk factors are predictive of higher levels of adolescent substance abuse, delinquency, teen pregnancy, school drop-out and violence.

**Risk factors**

## Research-based
Predictive in multiple longitudinal studies
Present in all areas of influence
Predictive of multiple problem behaviors
Present throughout development
Work similarly across racial lines
Measurable
Buffered by protective factors

- Research-based
- Predictive in multiple longitudinal studies
- Present in all areas of influence
- Predictive of multiple problem behaviors
- Present throughout development
- Work similarly across racial lines
- Measurable
- Buffered by protective factors

**Key Leader Orientation**

**2-15**

## 	Availability of Firearms

- 	Availability of Firearms

- 	Availability of Drugs

- 	Community Laws and Norms Favorable toward Drug Use, Firearms and Crime

- 	Media Portrayals of Violence

- 	Transitions and Mobility

- 	Low Neighborhood Attachment and Community Disorganization

- 	Extreme Economic Deprivation

**Key Leader Orientation**

**2-16**

## Family History of the Problem Behavior

- Family History of the Problem Behavior

- Favorable Parental Attitudes and Involvement in the Problem Behavior

- Family Management Problems

- Family Conflict

**Key Leader Orientation**

**2-17**

## Academic Failure Beginning in Late Elementary School

- Academic Failure Beginning in Late Elementary School

- Lack of Commitment to School

**Key Leader Orientation**

**2-18**

## Early and Persistent Antisocial Behavior

**2-19**

**Key Leader Orientation**

**2-19**

- Early and Persistent Antisocial Behavior

- Constitutional Factors

- Rebelliousness

- Friends who Engage in the Problem Behavior

- Favorable Attitudes toward the Problem Behavior

- Early Initiation of the Problem Behavior

- Gang Involvement

## Research has identified protective factors in four domains:

- Research has identified *protective factors* in four domains:

- Protective factorsbuffer young people’s exposure to risk.

**Protective factors**

**Key Leader Orientation**

**2-20**

## Research-based
Present in all areas of influence
Measurable
Predictive of positive youth development
Present throughout development
Buffer effects of risk exposure

- Research-based
- Present in all areas of influence
- Measurable
- Predictive of positive youth development
- Present throughout development
- Buffer effects of risk exposure

**Key Leader Orientation **

**2-21**

## Individual factors
High intelligence
Resilient temperament
Prosocial orientation
Competencies and skills
Prosocial opportunities
Reinforcement for prosocial involvement
Bonding
Healthy beliefs and clear standards

- Individual factors
- High intelligence
- Resilient temperament
- Prosocial orientation
- Competencies and skills
- Prosocial opportunities
- Reinforcement for prosocial involvement
- Bonding
- Healthy beliefs and clear standards

**Key Leader Orientation **

**2-22**

## Healthy behaviors

- The goal...
**Healthy behaviors**
- for all children and youth

- Start with...
**Healthy beliefs & clear standards**
- ...in families, schools, communities and peer groups

- Build...
**Bonding**
**• ****Attachment   • Commitment**
- ...to families, schools, communities and peer groups

- By providing...
**Opportunities**

- By providing...
**Skills**

- By providing...
**Recognition**

- And by nurturing...
**Individual characteristics**

- ...to families, schools, communities and peer groups

**Key Leader Orientation **

**2-23**

## The Communities That Care framework:

**Key Leader Orientation **

**2-23A**

- The *Communities That **Care* framework:
- uses the Social Development Strategy
- assesses risk *and* protective factors
- matches risk and protection profiles with tested, effective programs
- promotes positive youth development by reducing risk *and* enhancing protection.

- The Search Institute’s framework:
- assesses external and internal assets
- promotes positive youth development by enhancing assets.

## Number of Risk Factors

**Key Leader Orientation **

**2-24**

**Number of Risk Factors**

**Prevalence**

**Number of ****Protective Factors**

## Risk Factors

**Key Leader Orientation **

**2-25**

**Risk Factors**

**Prevalence**

## Prevalence

**Key Leader Orientation **

**2-26**

**Number of ****Protective Factors**

**Prevalence**

**Number of Risk Factors**

## Risk and protective factors exist in all areas of children’s lives.
The more risk factors present, the greater the chances of problem behavior.
Risk and protective factors can be present throughout development.
Risk factors are buffered by protective factors.

- Risk and protective factors exist in all areas of children’s lives.
- The more risk factors present, the greater the chances of problem behavior.
- Risk and protective factors can be present throughout development.
- Risk factors are buffered by protective factors.

**Key Leader Orientation **

**2-27**

## Common risk and protective factors predict diverse behavior problems.
Risk and protective factors work similarly across racial lines.
Both risk and protective factors should be used in prevention efforts.

- Common risk and protective factors predict diverse behavior problems.
- Risk and protective factors work similarly across racial lines.
- Both risk and protective factors should be used in prevention efforts.

**Key Leader Orientation **

**2-28**

## The Social Development Strategy
The public health approach
Research-based predictors of problem behaviors and positive youth outcomes—risk and protective factors
Tested, effective prevention strategies

- The Social Development Strategy
- The public health approach
- Research-based predictors of problem behaviors and positive youth outcomes—risk and protective factors
- Tested, effective prevention strategies

**Key Leader Orientation **

**2-29**

## Programs, policies or practices that have demonstrated effectiveness in:
Reducing specific risk factors and enhancing protective factors
Enhancing positive behaviors and reducing negative behaviors

*Programs, policies* or* practices* that have demonstrated effectiveness in:
- Reducing specific risk factors and enhancing protective factors
- Enhancing positive behaviors and reducing negative behaviors

**Key Leader Orientation **

**2-30**

## Project STAR
Adolescent Alcohol Prevention Trial
Preparing for the Drug-Free Years(Now called Families That Care: Guiding Good Choices)
Adolescents Training and Learning to Avoid Steroids: The ATLAS Program
Project Family
Strengthening Families Program
Focus on Families
Reconnecting Youth
Adolescent Transitions Program 
(National Institute on Drug Abuse, 1997)

- Project STAR
- Adolescent Alcohol Prevention Trial
- Preparing for the Drug-Free Years(Now called Families That Care: Guiding Good Choices)
- Adolescents Training and Learning to Avoid Steroids: The ATLAS Program
- Project Family
- Strengthening Families Program
- Focus on Families
- Reconnecting Youth
- Adolescent Transitions Program
- (National Institute on Drug Abuse, 1997)

**Key Leader Orientation **

**2-31**

## Key Leader Orientation 

**Key Leader Orientation **

**2-32**

## Assessing community levels of risk and protection
Prioritizing elevated risks and depressed protective factors
Including individuals and groups exposed to the highest levels of risk and the lowest levels of protection

- Assessing community levels of risk and protection
- Prioritizing elevated risks and depressed protective factors
- Including individuals and groups exposed to the highest levels of risk and the lowest levels of protection

**Key Leader Orientation **

**2-33**

## 4.	Matching tested, effective programs to the community’s risk and protection profile
5.	Selecting tested, effective programs that address the racial, economic and cultural characteristics of the community
6.	Implementing chosen programs,policies and practices with fidelity and intensity at the appropriate ages

- 4.	Matching tested, effective programs to the community’s risk and protection profile
- 5.	Selecting tested, effective programs that address the racial, economic and cultural characteristics of the community
- 6.	Implementing chosen programs,policies and practices with fidelity and intensity at the appropriate ages

**Key Leader Orientation **

**2-34**

## Key Leader Orientation 

**Key Leader Orientation **

**2-35**

## Risk Factor Scale Scores

**2-36**

**Community Board Orientation**

**2-37**

**Key Leader Orientation **

**2-36**

**Risk Factor Scale Scores**

## Riskfactor addressed

**Key Leader Orientation **

**2-37**

- Family history of the problem behavior

- Family management problems

- Family conflict

- Favorable parental attitudes and involvement in the problem behavior

- Prenatal/infancy programs

- Prenatal/infancy programs

- Prenatal-2

- Prenatal/infancy programs

- Prenatal/infancy programs

- Early childhood education

- Parent training

- Family therapy

- Marital therapy

- Parent training

- Family therapy

- Parent training

- Community/school policies

- Prenatal-2

- Prenatal-14

- Prenatal

- Prenatal-2

- Prenatal-14

- Prenatal-2

- Prenatal-14

- All

- 3-5

- 6-14

- 6-14

**Risk****factor ****addressed**

**Program****strategy**

**Protective factors**

**Developmental****period**

**Healthy****beliefs/****clear****standards**

**Bonding**

**Opportunities**

**Skills**

**Recognition**

## Nurse-Family Partnership(Olds et al., 1986; Olds & Kitzman, 1993; Olds et al., 1998)
Syracuse Family Development Research Program(Lally, Mangione & Honig, 1988)
Infant Health and Development Program(Ramey, 1990; Ramey et al., 1992; Liaw et al., 1995)
Keys to CaregivinG videotape series(Barnard et al., 1988)

- Nurse-Family Partnership(Olds et al., 1986; Olds & Kitzman, 1993; Olds et al., 1998)
- Syracuse Family Development Research Program(Lally, Mangione & Honig, 1988)
- Infant Health and Development Program(Ramey, 1990; Ramey et al., 1992; Liaw et al., 1995)
- Keys to CaregivinG videotape series(Barnard et al., 1988)

**Key Leader Orientation **

**2-38**

## Riskfactor addressed

**Key Leader Orientation **

**2-39**

- Family history of the problem behavior

- Family management problems

- Family conflict

- Favorable parental attitudes and involvement in the problem behavior

- Prenatal/infancy programs

- Prenatal/infancy programs

- Prenatal-2

- Prenatal/infancy programs

- Prenatal/infancy programs

- Early childhood education

- Parent training

- Family therapy

- Marital therapy

- Parent training

- Family therapy

- Parent training

- Community/school policies

- Prenatal-2

- Prenatal-14

- Prenatal

- Prenatal-2

- Prenatal-14

- Prenatal-2

- Prenatal-14

- All

- 3-5

- 6-14

- 6-14

**Risk****factor ****addressed**

**Program****strategy**

**Protective factors**

**Developmental****period**

**Healthy****beliefs/****clear****standards**

**Bonding**

**Opportunities**

**Skills**

**Recognition**

## Families That Care: Guiding Good Choices (Catalano et al., 1998)
Preparing for School Success(Hawkins et al., 1999)
Iowa Strengthening Families Program      (Spoth et al., 1998, 1999, 2001)

- Families That Care: Guiding Good Choices (Catalano et al., 1998)
- Preparing for School Success(Hawkins et al., 1999)
- Iowa Strengthening Families Program      (Spoth et al., 1998, 1999, 2001)

**Key Leader Orientation **

**2-40**

## Risk Factor Scale Scores

**Risk Factor Scale Scores**

**Key Leader Orientation **

**2-41**

## Riskfactor addressed

- Parent/infancy programs

- Early childhood education

- Organizational change in schools

- Classroom organization, management and instructional strategies

- Parent training

- Youth employmentwith education

- School behavior management strategies

- Classroom curricula for social competence

- Academic failure beginning in late elementary school

- Prenatal-2

- 3-5

- Prenatal-10

- 6-18

- 6-18

- 6-14

- 6-14

- 15-21

**Risk****factor ****addressed**

**Program****strategy**

**Protective factors**

**Developmental****period**

**Healthy****beliefs/****clear****standards**

**Bonding**

**Opportunities**

**Skills**

**Recognition**

**Key Leader Orientation **

**2-42**

## Reconnecting Youth(Eggert et al., 1994)
Children of Divorce Intervention Program(Pedro-Carroll & Cowen, 1985; Pedro-Carroll et al., 1986, 1992)

- Reconnecting Youth(Eggert et al., 1994)
- Children of Divorce Intervention Program(Pedro-Carroll & Cowen, 1985; Pedro-Carroll et al., 1986, 1992)

**Key Leader Orientation **

**2-43**

## Key Leader Orientation 

**Key Leader Orientation **

**2-44**

## Assessing community levels of risk and protection
Prioritizing elevated risks and depressed protective factors
Including individuals and groups exposed to the highest levels of risk and the lowest levels of protection

- Assessing community levels of risk and protection
- Prioritizing elevated risks and depressed protective factors
- Including individuals and groups exposed to the highest levels of risk and the lowest levels of protection

**Key Leader Orientation **

**2-45**

## 4.	Matching tested, effective programs to the community’s risk and protection profile
5.	Selecting tested, effective programs that address the racial, economic and cultural characteristics of the community
6.	Implementing chosen programs,policies and practices with fidelity and intensity at the appropriate ages

- 4.	Matching tested, effective programs to the community’s risk and protection profile
- 5.	Selecting tested, effective programs that address the racial, economic and cultural characteristics of the community
- 6.	Implementing chosen programs,policies and practices with fidelity and intensity at the appropriate ages

**Key Leader Orientation **

**2-46**

## Risk Factor Scale Scores

**Risk Factor Scale Scores**

**Key Leader Orientation **

**2-47**

## Key Leader Orientation

**Key Leader Orientation**

**2-48**

**Notes:**
Review flow chart.