# Presentation: 034361

## Impact of Racial/Ethnic Classification Changes on Healthy People 2010

- Elizabeth Jackson
- National Center for Health Statistics

## What we’ll cover

- Classification standards
- Healthy People 2010 objectives
- Examples
- Where can I get more information?

## Classification standards

## OMB Directive 15 - effective 1977

- American Indian or Alaska Native	Hispanic
- Asian or Pacific Islander 		Not Hispanic
- Black
- White

**OMB Directive 15 - effective 1977**

- Classification

## The standard race categories mandated for Federal data collection systems by the Office of Management and Budget were revised in 1997.

Emphasizes the shift in data collection from “Select one...” to “Select one or more...”, so that respondents are able to report more than one race with which they identify.

- Emphasizes the shift in data collection from “Select one...” to “Select one or more...”, so that respondents are able to report more than one race with which they identify.

- Classification changes

## OMB Directive 15 (revised) - effective 1997

- Ethnicity (select 1)	Race (select 1 or more)
- Hispanic or Latino 		American Indian or Alaska Native
- Not Hispanic or Latino 	Asian
- 				Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
- 				Black or African American
- 				White

**OMB Directive 15 (revised) - effective 1997**

- Classification changes

## OMB Directive 15 (revised) - effective 1997

- Classification changes

- Question 1.
- Race/Ethnicity (select 1 or more)
- American Indian or Alaska Native
- Asian
- Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
- Black or African American
- White
- Hispanic or Latino

## Classification changes

- For aggregate data presentation, provide the number who selected only one category, separately for each of the five racial categories;
- Show as many multiple responses as possible, but if all multiples are collapsed then at a minimum show number reporting “more than one race;”

## Slide 9

## Healthy People 2010

## Healthy People 2010

- Total
- American Indian/Alaska Native only
- Asian only
- Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander only
- Black/African American only
- White only
- 2 or more races
-      Black/African American; White
-      American Indian/Alaska Native; White
- Hispanic/Latino
- Not Hispanic/Latino
-      White only
-      Black or African American only

- Total
- American Indian/Alaska Native
- Asian/Pacific Islander
-      Asian
-      Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander
- Black/African American
- White
- Hispanic or Latino
- Not Hispanic or Latino
-      Black or African American
-      White

## Self-reported- considered most reliable

Report by observation or proxy- may reflect misclassification

**Report by observation or proxy- may reflect misclassification**

- Death certificate
- Encounter based sample surveys

- Census
- Birth certificate
- Population based sample surveys

- Healthy People 2010

**Notes:**
Population-based sample surveys
	o  Self-reported race/ethnicity
	o  Subject to sampling error
2.	Vital records -deaths
	o  Complete counts
	o  Proxy race/ethnicity
3.	Vital records - births/infant deaths (linked)
	o  Complete counts
	o  "Self"-reported race/ethnicity
4.	Census data
	o  Complete counts/sample surveys
	o  "Self"-reported race/ethnicity
5.	Encounter-based sample surveys
	o  Administrative records
	o  Proxy-reported race/ethnicity (observation?)
	o  Subject to sampling error

## Slide 13

## Examples

## One measure over time

Several measures within a focus area or between focus areas

Sentinel  measures across geographic boundaries

**Several measures within a focus area or between focus areas**
**Sentinel  measures across geographic boundaries**

- Healthy People 2010 Examples

**Notes:**
Population-based sample surveys
	o  Self-reported race/ethnicity
	o  Subject to sampling error
2.	Vital records -deaths
	o  Complete counts
	o  Proxy race/ethnicity
3.	Vital records - births/infant deaths (linked)
	o  Complete counts
	o  "Self"-reported race/ethnicity
4.	Census data
	o  Complete counts/sample surveys
	o  "Self"-reported race/ethnicity
5.	Encounter-based sample surveys
	o  Administrative records
	o  Proxy-reported race/ethnicity (observation?)
	o  Subject to sampling error

## Current cigarette smokers

- Age adjusted percent

**Obj. 27-1a**

- Source: NHIS, NCHS, CDC.

**American Indian/**
**Alaska Native**

**Native Hawaiian/**
**Other Pacific Islander**

**White, Not Hispanic**

**Black, Not Hispanic**

**Hispanic***

**Asian**

**2010 Target**

- * Persons of Hispanic origin may be any race.

## Current cigarette smokers: 2001

- Any mention

- Black/African American,
- Not Hispanic

- American Indian/
- Alaska Native

- Hispanic*

- White, Not Hispanic

- Asian

- Age adjusted percent

**Obj. 27-1a**

- Source: NHIS, NCHS, CDC.

- Native Hawaiian/
- Other Pacific Islander

- * Persons of Hispanic origin may be any race.

## Current cigarette smokers: 2001

- Only

- Any mention

- Black/African American,
- Not Hispanic

- American Indian/
- Alaska Native

- Hispanic*

- White, Not Hispanic

- Asian

- Age adjusted percent

**Obj. 27-1a**

- Source: NHIS, NCHS, CDC.

- Native Hawaiian/
- Other Pacific Islander

- * Persons of Hispanic origin may be any race.

## Current cigarette smokers who quit for 1+ days: 2001

- Only

- Any mention

- Black/African American,
- Not Hispanic

- American Indian/
- Alaska Native

- Hispanic*

- White, Not Hispanic

- Asian

- Age adjusted percent

**Obj. 27-5**

- Source: NHIS, NCHS, CDC.

- Native Hawaiian/
- Other Pacific Islander

- * Persons of Hispanic origin may be any race.

## Current smokers who quit for 1+ days and those who did not: 2001

- Age adjusted percent

**Obj. 27-1a & 27-5**

- Source: NHIS, NCHS, CDC.

- Only

- Any mention

- Black/African American,
- Not Hispanic

- American Indian/
- Alaska Native

- Hispanic*

- White, Not Hispanic

- Asian

- Native Hawaiian/
- Other Pacific Islander

- Tried to quit

- Tried to quit

- * Persons of Hispanic origin may be any race.

## Infant Deaths (Within 1 Year) by Race and Ethnicity: 1998 - 2001

**American Indian/**
**Alaska Native**

**Per 1,000 live births**

**Black, Not Hispanic**

**White,**
**Not Hispanic**

**Asian**

**Total**

**Hispanic***

**Native Hawaiian/**
**Other Pacific Islander**

**Obj. 16-1c**

- Source: NVSS, NCHS, CDC.

**2010 Target**

- * Persons of Hispanic origin may be any race.

## Infant Deaths (Within 1 Year) by Race and Ethnicity: 1998 - 2001

**American Indian/**
**Alaska Native**

**Per 1,000 live births**

**Black, Not Hispanic**

**White,**
**Not Hispanic**

**Asian**

**Total**

**Hispanic***

**Native Hawaiian/**
**Other Pacific Islander**

**Obj. 16-1c**

**International**
**rates (2000)**

**2010 Target**

**---** **Kuwait – 9**

**--- Bosnia – 15**

**---** **Canada – 6**

**--- Japan – 4**

- * Persons of Hispanic origin may be any race.

## Elizabeth Jackson

- Division of Health Promotion Statistics
- 3311 Toledo Rd., Rm. 6319
- Hyattsville, MD 20782
- e-mail:  EMJackson@cdc.gov

**NCHS Healthy People 2010**
- _www.cdc.gov/nchs/hphome.htm_

**DATA2010**
- _wonder.cdc.gov/data2010_

**DHHS Healthy People 2010**
- _www.health.gov/healthypeople_