# Presentation: 048981

##                  U.S. Department of Energy’s                           Office of Science

-                  **U.S. Department of Energy’s                           *****Office of Science***

**Overview of the Office of Science**
**for the BESAC Workshop on **
**Basic Research Needs **
**to Assure a Secure Energy Future**
**Dr. James F. Decker, Deputy Director**
**October 21, 2002**

## DOE’s Office of Science (SC)

- Supports basic research that underpins DOE missions.
- Provides over 40% of federal support to the physical sciences (including more than 90% of high energy and nuclear physics)
- Provides sole support to select sub-fields (e.g. nuclear medicine, heavy element chemistry, magnetic fusion, etc.)
- Supports the research of 15,000 PhDs and graduate students
- Constructs and operates large scientific facilities for the U.S. scientific community.
- Accelerators, synchrotron light sources, neutron sources, etc.
- Used by about 18,000 researchers every year
- Provides infrastructure support for the ten SC laboratories.

## The Department of Energy is a Science Agency

- <date/time>

***Top Five Government Research Organizations for*:***

**  Numbers are FY 2002 dollars in millions - Source: NSF -- Preliminary Federal obligations for research, by agency and field of science and engineering: fiscal year 2002*

## DOE Provides 43% of Federal Support to the Physical Sciences

**DOD 6%**

**DOE 43%**

**NASA 31%**

**NSF 16%**

**Other 4%**

*Source: NSF - Division of Statistical Research Services*

## Office of Science Organization

## FY2003 Budget Request

## SC Laboratories, User Facilities, and the Institutions that Use Them

**Pacific Northwest**
**National Laboratory**

**Ames Laboratory**

**Argonne National ****Laboratory**

**Brookhaven**
**National**
**Laboratory**

**Oak Ridge**
**National Laboratory**

- Los Alamos
- National Laboratory

- Lawrence Livermore
- National Laboratory

**Lawrence**
**Berkeley National**
**Laboratory**

- Sandia
- National Laboratories

**Fermi**
**National**
**Accelerator **
**Laboratory**

**Princeton**
**Plasma**
**Physics**
**Laboratory**

**Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility**

- National
- Renewable Energy Laboratory

**Stanford**
**Linear**
**Accelerator **
**Center**

- Idaho National Environmental & Engineering Laboratory

- National Energy Technology Laboratory

- General Atomics

## Basic Energy Sciences

**Research **
- 	Science at the nanoscale: increased research in condensed matter physics and materials synthesis and processing.
- X-ray and neutron scattering: research and new instrumentation at the major user facilities.
- Other core research programs: heavy-element chemistry, separations and analysis, materials chemistry, photochemistry, combustion, and catalysis.
**Facilities**
- New and upgraded instrumentation.
- Continued high level of service at major user facilities.
**Construction, Engineering & Design **
- Construction of the Spallation Neutron Source is fully funded.
- Nanoscale Science Research Centers (NSRC): continue engineering & design at ORNL, LBNL, SNL/LANL.
- Begin construction of the NSRC at ORNL.
- The Linac Coherent Light Source at SLAC begins project engineering and design.

## Biological and Environmental Research

- Genomes to Life will enable revolutionary advances in energy supply, greenhouse gas mitigation, and environmental cleanup.
- Bioterrorism detection/defeat.
- The Human Genome Program will provide high quality complete sequence of Chromosomes 5, 16, and 19.
- Climate Change Research underpins the President’s initiative. Research and observations will improve climate models and understanding of the global carbon cycle.
- Climate Change Research Initiative.
- The Environmental Management Science Program is transferred from the Office of Environmental Management.
- Boron Neutron Capture Therapy.

## Genomes to Life

- Continue joint research that combines capabilities of DOE’s advanced biological and computational sciences programs.
- Support DNA sequencing of microbes closely related to potential bio-threat agents.
- Determine the composite DNA sequence and functional capability of microbes in a complex microbial community to address DOE energy,   environmental, and national security needs.
- Begin the complex task of characterizing all of the multi-protein molecular machines and their associated regulatory networks in microbes of importance to DOE's energy, environmental, and national security missions.
- $15M increase enables full funding for up to 4 multidisciplinary, multi institutional research teams at universities and national labs needed to address the 4 goals of Genomes to Life.

*Genomes to Life builds on advances in sequencing, molecular science and computing to understand and eventually harness microbes and microbial communities to address DOE’s energy, environmental and national security missions. In FY 2003 we will:*

## Fusion Energy Sciences

**Science and Enabling R&D **
- Innovation in fusion energy, plasma science and related technologies are part of the Administration’s National Energy Policy.
- Explore innovative approaches to confining, heating, and fueling plasmas.
**Facilities **
- Significantly increase operating time on three national fusion facilities to resolve issues in energy transport and plasma stability, using a variety of heating techniques.
**Fabrication, Engineering & Design**
- Expand concept innovation with fabrication of a new stellarator, the National Compact Stellarator Experiment (NCSX), at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory

## High Energy & Nuclear Physics

- Create and study a quark-gluon plasma at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
- Explore how quarks bind together to form protons and neutrons at the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility

- Increased facility operating time to:

- Explore the origin of mass in the search for the Higgs boson at the Tevatron
- Understand the absence of antimatter in the Universe by studying Charge-Parity Violation at the B-Factory

- Exploit the opportunity to answer two key questions about matter and energy:

**Nuclear Physics**

**High Energy Physics**

## Advanced Scientific Computing Research

**Mathematical, Information, & Computational Sciences**
**Supports operation of supercomputer and network facilities available to researchers 24-7-365****:**
- National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC),
- Advanced Computing Research Testbeds, and
- Energy Sciences Network (ESNet).
**Scientific Computing Research Investments****:**
- Applied Mathematics,
- Computer Science, and
- Advanced Computing Software Tools.
**High Performance Networking, Middleware and Collaboratory Research Investments:**
- Networking,
- Collaboratory Tools, and
- National Collaboratory Pilot Projects.
**Laboratory Technology Research**

## Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computation

- SciDAC brings the power of tera-scale computing and information technologies to several scientific areas -- breakthroughs through simulation.
- SciDAC is building community simulation models through collaborations among application scientists, mathematicians and computer scientists -- research tools for plasma physics, climate prediction, combustion, etc.
- State-of-the-art electronic collaboration tools will facilitate the access of these tools to the broader scientific community to                        bring simulation to a level of parity with theory & observation                                                                           in the scientific enterprise.

-   Topical Computing (TC)

-   FY03 increases will reconfigure some resources at existing
-    facilities around TC concept.
-   These facilities will support applications communities to
-    develop the operational model.
-   Full-scale TC facilities will be proposed in FY-04.

## The Future

** ****Reasserting U.S. Leadership in Scientific Computation**
** ****The Beauty of Nanoscale Science**
** ****Building a 21****st**** Century Workforce**** **
**Dark Energy—the Mystery that  Dominates the Universe**** **
** ****Fusion: Bringing a Star to Earth **
** ****Scientific Foundations for Countering Terrorism**
**  ****Using Nature’s Own Tool Kit to Clean Up the Environment**** **
** ****Biotechnology for Energy Security**