# Presentation: 216428

## Giovanni Facilitates Investigations of Coastal Environmental Processes with NASA Remote-Sensing Data

- James G. Acker
- NASA Goddard Earth Sciences
- Data and Information Services Center
- (GES DISC)

- Coastal
- Geotools
- ‘07

## Giovanni -generated anomaly analysis of SeaWiFS normalized-water leaving radiance at 555 nm for September 1999

- nLw(555) anomaly analysis
- is based on the SeaWiFS climatology compiled from September 1997 to August 2006

## Giovanni -generated image of Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) accumulated rainfall from Hurricane Floyd,

- _September 16-17, 1999_

## What is Giovanni ?

- What is *Giovanni* ?

- “Giovanni” stands for
**G**ES DISC
**I**nteractive
**O**nline
**V**isualization
**AN**d
- a**N**alysis
**I**nfrastructure

- It’s much easier to just say “Giovanni”.

## What does Giovanni do?

- Giovanni is a Web-based data exploration system that enables **rapid** data access, analysis, and visualization _online_ – users do not have to download data files to their own system before initiating analysis and research.

## The main components of the Giovanni interface  are:

-   interactive map for region-of-interest selection;
-   menu of available data products;
-   calendar menu for time-period selection;
-   menu of visualization options;
-   visualization-specific options (color palette, axis values);
-   menu of output options  (plot, ASCII text data)

## This presentation will discuss:

-  Precipitation data from TRMM;
-  MODIS atmospheric data
-  Atmospheric data from the Advanced Infrared
- 	Sounder (AIRS)
-  Ocean color data from SeaWiFS and MODIS
- 	+ sea surface temperature from MODIS
- 	(*my specialty*)

## Precipitation data from the Tropical Rainfall

- Measuring Mission (TRMM)
-  TRMM is still in operation;
-  Mission data record begins in January 1998 (other
- precipitation data sets in Giovanni begin in 1979 and
- 1950, respectively);
-  TRMM observational coverage is about 35 ̊ N to 35 ̊ S.

## TRMM accumulated rainfall for Ivan, Katrina, and Rita

- Ivan, 09/16/2004

- Katrina, 08/24 – 09/03/2005

- Rita, 09/20 – 09/27, 2005

## TRMM data is not just for hurricanes:

- Standard convective summer thunderstorm precipitation can also be analyzed.

- Rainfall
- accumulation
- over Florida,
- August 25-31,
- 2001

## Atmospheric data from 

- the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer
- (MODIS)

-  MODIS-Terra record begins March 2000;
-  MODIS-Aqua record begins July 2002.
-  Data include clouds, water vapor, and aerosols.
-  Global observational coverage

## Winter vs. Summer Aerosol Optical Depth 

- on the U.S. East Coast

- February 2003

- August 2003

## Time-Series of Aerosol Optical Depth 

- over Cape Hatteras

## For this region:

- over North Carolina and Virginia, August 2003 – January 2006

## Advanced Infrared Sounder (AIRS)

-  provides relative humidity, water vapor, cloud,
- and temperature data;
-  can be plotted as atmospheric profiles
-  daily or monthly data is available

- Relative humidity
- time-series
- for North Carolina –
- southern Virginia
- region shown
- in previous slide

## “Online Analysis Enhances Use of NASA Earth Science 

- Data” *Eos*, **88(2),** January 9, 2007 *

- features multiple views of Saharan dust storms:

- * Reprints available on request at the end of the presentation

- MODIS image, aerosol
- optical depth plot
- and Hovmöller diagram

- Aerosol optical depth
- time-series and
- AIRS relative humidity
- profile

- Dry dust storm
- air mass

## Ocean Color (Radiometry*) data from SeaWiFS

- and MODIS-Aqua
-  SeaWiFS data available from September 1997 (8-day and
- monthly data products)
-  MODIS-Aqua data available from June 2002
-  MODIS-Terra SST data soon-to-available from mid-2000
- In addition to the basic Giovanni functions, Ocean Color
- Giovanni includes:
-  SeaWiFS climatological anomaly analysis
-  NASA Ocean Biogeochemical Model (NOBM) output
-  Multi-dataset Intercomparison Interface – multiple data
- 	display in map plots, time-series, and scatter plots

- * as requested by the International Ocean Color Coordinating Group

## Examples of coastal zone data analyses 

**from Ocean Color Giovanni**

- Gulf of Mexico, January 2003:
- SeaWiFS Chlorophyll color map
- MODIS-Aqua SST contour map

## Animation:   Southeastern United States coast,

- March 30 – April 30, 2003 (with customized color palette)

- 0.1 to 5.0 mg m-3

## Time-Series Analysis:   

- ASCII data output from Giovanni, input to Excel spreadsheet,
- allows simple statistical analysis of time-series trends

- Analysis of Region 8

**Region plot:**
- Chlorophyll
- concentrations
- averaged over
- full time-period

**“****Raw” time-**
**series plot:**
- Complete
- time-period
- of area average
- concentrations

**Time-series **
**Analysis:**
- With trend
- slope and
- significance value

## Scatter plots:  

- Changes in chlorophyll-SST relationships at the mouth of Tampa Bay
- for August-November periods with high (2004, 2005)
- and low (2002, 2003) hurricane influence

- Area plots of
- chlorophyll
- concentrations
- for this region
- and time period
- in 2002 and
- 2005

## SeaWiFS Chlorophyll Climatological Anomaly Analysis:

- Using a September 1997 – August 2006 base period, Giovanni
- allows comparison of average chlorophyll concentrations for
- any time-period (up to one year) to the climatological average

**October 2005 was the **
**wettest October in **
**history for the **
**northern Mid-Atlantic**
**and New England**
**coastal states**

## Time-series of chlorophyll 

- Time-series of chlorophyll
- concentration anomaly shows
- a remarkably large anomaly
- in November 2005

- Comparison of the
- chlorophyll concentration
- anomalies in November
- 2004 (left) and 2005
- (right) shows the wide
- area distribution of the
- positive anomalies

## These examples of Giovanni analyses provide a cross-section of

- Giovanni’s capabilities for coastal zone monitoring and research
- utilizing several different remotely-sensed data products from
- NASA.
- _Coastal zone issues to which these data may be applied include:_
-  Water-quality monitoring
-  Nutrient load impacts
-  Hazardous algal blooms
-  Flood and drought assessment
-  Severe storm impact
-  Influences on coastal habitats and protected areas
-  Regional trend detection
-  Air quality monitoring and event detection

## Suspended sediments in Florida Bay caused by Hurricane Wilma

**For ocean color Giovanni, we are currently working on the addition of a “colored dissolved and detrital matter” data product and a particulate backscatter data product.**

**We are hoping to add a euphotic depth data product (1% light level), which can be easily transformed to Secchi depth values.  We believe this product will have broad applicability for coastal zone water quality monitoring.**

## The coastal zone is a fragile and delicate environment.   Let us all 

- work together to understand and protect it.

- Thank  you for your attention today.