# Presentation: 454756

## Slide 1

## Aeronautics Research Partners

**Government Agency  Partners**

**Universities**

**Aeronautics****Research**

**Industry**

**NASA’s other Missions**

**Aeronautics Research Partners**

**Notes:**
Customers/partners

ARMD Mission Statement:

To provide advanced aeronautical technologies 
to meet the challenges of next generation systems in aviation, 
for civilian and scientific purposes, 
in our atmosphere and in those of other worlds.

Our success is measured by the extent to which our results 
are used by others to improve the quality of life and
enable exploration and scientific knowledge  

## National Guidance

**President’s Commission on the Future of the U.S. Aerospace Industry **
**(Nov 2002)**
- “recommends that the United States boldly pioneer new frontiers in aerospace technology....”
- “recommends transformation of the U.S. air transportation systems as a national priority.”

**National Research Council (NRC) report “Securing the Future of U.S. Air Transportation: A System in Peril” (Nov 2003)**
- “[Develop a] vision...related to safety and security, capacity of the air transportation system, environmental compatibility (noise and emissions), the satisfaction of customer needs, and industrial competitiveness.”

**Next Generation Air Transportation System (Dec 2004)**
- Establishes national goals and sets direction for transformation
- Creates governance model for multi-agency cooperation

**NASA Aeronautics****Research**

**National Guidance**

## NRC Review of NASA Aeronautics (2004)
“NASA should provide world leadership in aeronautics research and development.”
“NASA should reduce the number of tasks in its aeronautics technology portfolio.”
“NASA should pursue more high-risk, high-payoff technologies”
“NASA’s aeronautics technology infrastructure exceeds its current needs....”

Excerpts from OMB public release - “Major Saving and Reforms in the President’s FY 2006 Budget”
“reduces funding for program activities in which the government role is no longer justified”
“emphasizes higher risk NASA research programs where the private sector will not invest the necessary funds due to the risk of inadequate financial returns”
“reduce the number of civil servants, contractors, and facilities affiliated with the program”
“emphasize more extensive use of peer review”

- “NASA should provide world leadership in aeronautics research and development.”
- “NASA should reduce the number of tasks in its aeronautics technology portfolio.”
- “NASA should pursue more high-risk, high-payoff technologies”
- “NASA’s aeronautics technology infrastructure exceeds its current needs....”
**Excerpts from OMB public release - “Major Saving and Reforms in the President’s FY 2006 Budget”**
- “reduces funding for program activities in which the government role is no longer justified”
- “emphasizes higher risk NASA research programs where the private sector will not invest the necessary funds due to the risk of inadequate financial returns”
- “reduce the number of civil servants, contractors, and facilities affiliated with the program”
- “emphasize more extensive use of peer review”

**Guidance from Reviews**

## Aeronautics ResearchPriorities and Programs

**Programs**

**Airspace Systems**

**Aviation Safety & Security**

** ****Increase planetary aircraft research**

**Assess possibilities for supersonics**

**Enhance uninhabited aerial vehicles (UAV) research**

**Emphasize public good research**

**Ensure NASA contribution to Joint Planning & Development Office (JPDO)**

**Vehicle Systems**

**Programmatic Priorities**

**Determine if there is a requirement to continue hypersonics research**

**Aeronautics Research****Priorities and Programs**

## FY2006 President’s Budget Request

**FY 2006**

**FY 2007**

**FY 2008**

**FY 2009**

**FY 2010**

**FY 2005 President's Budget**

**919.2**

**956.7**

**937.8**

**925.8**

**941.9**

**Aviation Safety & Security**

**188.0**

**175.1**

**178.0**

**173.7**

**179.2**

**Airspace Systems**

**154.4**

**175.2**

**183.7**

**176.7**

**179.8**

**Vehicle Systems**

**576.8**

**606.4**

**576.2**

**575.3**

**582.9**

**Proposed FY 2006 President's Budget**

**906.2**

**852.3**

**727.6**

**730.7**

**727.5**

**717.6**

**Aviation Safety & Security**

**185.4**

**192.9**

**173.5**

**170.5**

**176.2**

**176.3**

**Airspace Systems**

**152.2**

**200.3**

**180.5**

**174.6**

**177.9**

**175.7**

**Vehicle Systems**

**568.6**

**459.1**

**373.6**

**385.5**

**373.5**

**365.6**

- $M

- $M

-  *The FY2005 budgets reflect the NASA Initial Operating Plan, December 2004*

- *

- *

- *

- *

- *

**FY2006 President’s Budget Request**

## Agency Transformation
President’s Vision for Space Exploration
President’s Management Agenda - Competitive Sourcing 
Aldridge Commission Report Response
Core Competencies Assessment

Aeronautics Transformation
Since Mid 1990’s, Increased Investment in Public Good Technologies (air traffic management, safety, security, and environment)
From Technology R&T to Barrier Breaking Demonstrations
Increase Use of Competition Through Merit-Based Research Selection

**President’s Vision for Space Exploration**
**President’s Management Agenda - Competitive Sourcing **
**Aldridge Commission Report Response**
**Core Competencies Assessment**
**Aeronautics Transformation**
**Since Mid 1990’s, Increased Investment in Public Good Technologies (air traffic management, safety, security, and environment)**
**From Technology R&T to Barrier Breaking Demonstrations**
**Increase Use of Competition Through Merit-Based Research Selection**

**Major Transformation Underway**

## Decrease the aircraft fatal accident rate and the vulnerability of the air transportation system to threats and mitigate the consequences of accidents and hostile acts

- Develop and demonstrate technologies that reduce aircraft accident rates and reduce aviation injuries and fatalities when accidents do occur
- Develop technologies that reduce the vulnerability of the National Airspace System to terrorist attacks while dramatically improving efficiency of security
- Transfer these advanced concepts, technologies and procedures through a partnership with the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) in cooperation with the U.S. aeronautics industry

**Approach:**

**Goal:**

**Benefit:**

- Breakthrough technologies and knowledge products will reduce safety and security risks and loss of life in commercial and general aviation
- - By eliminating and/or mitigating risks due to unintended causes (for improved safety)
- - By identifying and mitigating risks due to intentional causes (for improved security)
- NASA-appropriate R&D enhances the effectiveness of Other Government Agencies in achieving their mission requirements

**Aviation Safety & Security Program**

**Notes:**
 Rationale: Breakthrough technologies and knowledge products from scientific investigations can reduce risks and loss of life in commercial and general aviation
By eliminating and mitigating aviation risks due to unintended events
Eliminate major categories of recurring accidents and precursors.
Provide early identification of emerging risks and prevent hidden and potential safety issues from causing accidents.
Reduce risk of injury to passengers and crew in the unlikely event of an accident.
By identifying and mitigation aviation risks due to intentional actions
Mitigate the effects of intrusions and terrorist attacks on airports and aircraft.
Deny use of aircraft as targets of terror or weapons of mass destruction.
Enable appropriate and timely decision making in threat situations.

## Airspace Systems Program

**Goal:**

- Enable major increases in the capacity and mobility of the air transportation system through development of revolutionary concepts for operations and vehicle systems

- Improve throughput, predictability, flexibility, collaboration, efficiency, and access of the NAS
- Enable general aviation and runway-independent aircraft operations
- Maintain system safety, security and environmental protection
- Enable modeling and simulation of air transportation operations

**Benefits:**

- Enable more people and goods to travel faster and farther with fewer delays
- In alliance with the FAA, increase air traffic management effectiveness, flexibility and efficiency, while maintaining safety
- Enable use of small aircraft at under-utilized, rural/suburban airports to offload congestion at large, urban airports
- Develop capability to perform trade-off assessments of future air transportation systems concepts and technologies

**Airspace Systems Program**

## Technology Demonstration Projects in Vehicle Systems Program

**ZERO EMISSIONS AIRCRAFT** — Start by demonstrating an aircraft powered by hydrogen fuels cells.

**SUBSONIC NOISE REDUCTION** — Start by demonstrating a 50% noise reduction compared to 1997 state of the art.

**SONIC BOOM REDUCTION** — Start by demonstrating technology that could enable an acceptable sonic boom level.

**HIGH ALTITUDE LONG ENDURANCE REMOTELY OPERATED AIRCRAFT** — Start by demonstrating a 14-day duration high-altitude, remotely operated aircraft.

- NASA and other agencies should sustain the most attractive noise reduction research to a technology readiness level high enough to reduce the technical risk and make it worthwhile for industry to complete development and deploy new technologies in commercial products, even if this occurs at the expense of stopping other research at lower technology readiness levels.
*Review of NASA’s Aerospace Technology Enterprise, NRC ASEB*

- NASA should focus new initiatives in supersonic technology development ... airframe configurations to reduce sonic boom intensity, especially with regard to the formation of shaped waves and the human response to shaped waves (to allow developing an acceptable regulatory standard).
*Commercial Supersonic Technology:The Way Ahead, NRC ASEB *

- The use of fuel cell technology to create an all-electric, zero-emission aviation propulsion system is a paradigm-shifting approach consistent with NASA’s mission. The committee ... urges NASA to pursue future work in this area, which leads to the long-range goal of a zero-emissions propulsion system.
*Review of NASA’s Aerospace Technology Enterprise, NRC ASEB*

- The committee fully expects that the Helios (HALE ROA) vehicle will yield significant results for the earth sciences portion of NASA, its primary customer. The committee further applauds NASA for innovative thinking in identifying other possible uses and other possible markets for the aircraft, such as serving as a low-cost, high-altitude (relatively) stationary telecommunications.
*Review of NASA’s Aerospace Technology Enterprise, NRC ASEB*

**Technology Demonstration Projects in Vehicle Systems Program**

## Foundational Research Program

**Desiderata**
- Need to ensure ability to define next demonstrations in our portfolio
- Need to provide basis for “seed corn” research
- Need to corporatize management of aeronautics facilities
**Program Attributes**
- Approximately 20% of available ARMD funds will be used to instantiate a foundational research activity
- A percentage of this program will be devoted exclusively to merit-selected university research in aeronautics to support long-term aeronautical goals
- Approximately $25M will be used as the basis for an aeronautical test project

## NASA Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate Field Centers

**NASA Ames Research Center **
**(ARC)**
**Mountain View, CA**
**Current Replacement Value:  $2.0B**
**Staffing:  1375 Civil Servants**
**Core Competencies**
**Astrobiology**
**Air Transportation System**
**Entry/Descent/Landing Systems**
**Intelligent/Adaptive Systems**

**NASA Dryden Flight Research Center                             (DFRC)**
**Edwards, CA**
**Current Replacement Value: $0.3B**
**Staffing:  568 Civil Servants**
**Core Competencies**
**Atmospheric Flight Research and Test**

**NASA Glenn Research Center **
**(GRC)**
**Cleveland, OH**
**Current Replacement Value:  $2.6B**
**Staffing:  1875 Civil Servants**
**Core Competencies**
**In-Space Propulsion (Including Nuclear Systems)**
**Aero-propulsion Systems**
**Power & Energy Conversion Systems**

- NEED LANGLEY
- INFO

**NASA Langley Research Center**
**(LaRC)**
**Hampton, VA**
**Current Replacement Value: $2.5B**
**Staffing:  2109 Civil Servants**
**Core Competencies**
**Sensors and Instruments**
**Aerosciences**
**Entry/Descent/Landing Systems**
**Aerospace Materials & Manufact**
**Systems Analysis/Engineering & Safety**

**NASA Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate Field Centers**

## Institutional
The overall Vehicle Systems budget may be reduced up to 40% at GRC (Ohio) and 50% at LaRC (Virginia).
Work will increasingly be awarded through competitive processes, and will fund less Civil Service positions by the end of FY 06 at the aeronautics research centers, with primary impact at GRC and LaRC.

Test Facilities
GRC and LaRC will lack funding support for almost all major test facilities in FY 06 (Total Impact: 20 facilities), creating potential issues with DoD and industry.  We have adopted, therefore, a corporate management approach to deal with this issue.

Programmatic
Terminates the Ultra Efficient Engine Technology (UEET) program at GRC by the end of FY 05. 
The Advanced Aircraft Program (AAP) and the Rotorcraft research will be terminated in FY 06.

- The overall Vehicle Systems budget may be reduced up to 40% at GRC (Ohio) and 50% at LaRC (Virginia).
- Work will increasingly be awarded through competitive processes, and will fund _less_ Civil Service positions by the end of FY 06 at the aeronautics research centers, with primary impact at GRC and LaRC.
_**Test Facilities**_
- GRC and LaRC will lack funding support for almost all major test facilities in FY 06 (Total Impact: 20 facilities), creating potential issues with DoD and industry.  We have adopted, therefore, a corporate management approach to deal with this issue.
_**Programmatic**_
- Terminates the Ultra Efficient Engine Technology (UEET) program at GRC by the end of FY 05.
- The Advanced Aircraft Program (AAP) and the Rotorcraft research will be terminated in FY 06.

**Institutional Impacts**

**Notes:**
Agency Aeronautics Investment Levels
The Aeronautics Budget in FY 06 reflects over a $100M decrease from the FY 05 Budget level and over a $200M decrease in FY07 & beyond (i.e. 12% – 25% budget reductions)– with a 5 year reduction totaling $850M

## Vision for Space Exploration has been incorporated into revised National Space Policy.
Many, many reports and commissions from the past ten years call for a National Aeronautics Policy
Recommend uniting Congressional delegations and initiating informed national dialog with Executive Branch, industry, and academia.

- Many, many reports and commissions from the past ten years call for a National Aeronautics Policy
- Recommend uniting Congressional delegations and initiating informed national dialog with Executive Branch, industry, and academia.

**National Aero Strategy**

## FY 04 Accomplishments
Demonstrated Synthetic Vision Systems that increase a pilot’s situational awareness and lower the probability of visibility-related accidents.
Performed in-service evaluations of a Turbulence Prediction and Warning System designed to give flight crews enough advance warning to avoid turbulence or advise passengers to sit down and buckle up to avoid injury.
Released icing analysis tools to the aviation community that will lead to safer aircraft and aircraft sub-system designs with respect to operations in icing conditions 
Developed and evaluated a prototype air traffic decision support tool to detect rogue aircraft and provide emergency response data. 
FY 05 Highlights
Demonstrate improvements to flight critical systems that prevent loss of control.
Demonstrate next generation cockpit weather information systems.
Evaluate advanced fire and explosion protection systems.
Demonstrate confidential system for collecting security problems from aviation system users.
FY06  Plans
Demonstrate a voluntary aviation safety information sharing process to be used by the aviation community for identification and resolution of safety issues.
Complete the assessment of the Security Program technology portfolio with regard to risks, costs, and benefits and project the impact of the technologies on reducing the vulnerability of the air transportation system.

- Demonstrated Synthetic Vision Systems that increase a pilot’s situational awareness and lower the probability of visibility-related accidents.
- Performed in-service evaluations of a Turbulence Prediction and Warning System designed to give flight crews enough advance warning to avoid turbulence or advise passengers to sit down and buckle up to avoid injury.
- Released icing analysis tools to the aviation community that will lead to safer aircraft and aircraft sub-system designs with respect to operations in icing conditions
- Developed and evaluated a prototype air traffic decision support tool to detect rogue aircraft and provide emergency response data.
**FY 05 Highlights**
- Demonstrate improvements to flight critical systems that prevent loss of control.
- Demonstrate next generation cockpit weather information systems.
- Evaluate advanced fire and explosion protection systems.
- Demonstrate confidential system for collecting security problems from aviation system users.
**FY06  Plans**
- Demonstrate a voluntary aviation safety information sharing process to be used by the aviation community for identification and resolution of safety issues.
- Complete the assessment of the Security Program technology portfolio with regard to risks, costs, and benefits and project the impact of the technologies on reducing the vulnerability of the air transportation system.

**Aviation Safety & Security**

## FY 04 Accomplishments
Successfully completed the Advanced Air Transportation Technologies (AATT) project which provided a wide variety of decision support tools and technologies to the FAA, airlines, and industry. 
Demonstrated the feasibility of pilots safely separating themselves from other air traffic while landing at non-radar equipped airports under low visibility conditions
Virtual Airspace Modeling & Simulation (VAMS) Air transportation system modeling and analysis tools are being used to assess technologies and procedures for use by the Joint Planning and Development Office 
Multi-Center Traffic Management Advisor (McTMA) successfully evaluated by FAA in operational environment
FY 05 Highlights
Conduct Small Aircraft Transportation System (SATS) integrated technology demonstration in an operational environment
Complete analysis of revolutionary operational concepts using VAMS modeling and simulation capabilities
Defining a detailed operational concept of wake vortex prediction and avoidance system 
Conducting and initial concept evaluation for the Eurocontrol/FAA/NASA Future Communications Study supporting the International Civil Aviation Organization’s (ICAO) policy development
FY06 Plans
Complete development of VAMS simulation and modeling toolbox for the evaluation of advanced operational concepts for the National Airspace System (NAS)
Define aircraft climb advisory tool prototype which will provide greater capacity in Procedural Airspace (such as Oceanic Airspace)
Complete development of the System-Wide Evaluation and Planning Tool (SWEPT) for use by the FAA System Command Center for strategic planning of flight operations
Complete the Eurocontrol/FAA/NASA Future Communications Study

- Successfully completed the Advanced Air Transportation Technologies (AATT) project which provided a wide variety of decision support tools and technologies to the FAA, airlines, and industry.
- Demonstrated the feasibility of pilots safely separating themselves from other air traffic while landing at non-radar equipped airports under low visibility conditions
- Virtual Airspace Modeling & Simulation (VAMS) Air transportation system modeling and analysis tools are being used to assess technologies and procedures for use by the Joint Planning and Development Office
- Multi-Center Traffic Management Advisor (McTMA) successfully evaluated by FAA in operational environment
**FY 05 Highlights**
- Conduct Small Aircraft Transportation System (SATS) integrated technology demonstration in an operational environment
- Complete analysis of revolutionary operational concepts using VAMS modeling and simulation capabilities
- Defining a detailed operational concept of wake vortex prediction and avoidance system
- Conducting and initial concept evaluation for the Eurocontrol/FAA/NASA Future Communications Study supporting the International Civil Aviation Organization’s (ICAO) policy development
**FY06 Plans**
- Complete development of VAMS simulation and modeling toolbox for the evaluation of advanced operational concepts for the National Airspace System (NAS)
- Define aircraft climb advisory tool prototype which will provide greater capacity in Procedural Airspace (such as Oceanic Airspace)
- Complete development of the System-Wide Evaluation and Planning Tool (SWEPT) for use by the FAA System Command Center for strategic planning of flight operations
- Complete the Eurocontrol/FAA/NASA Future Communications Study

**Airspace Systems**