BEE-spoke-data/govdocs1-by-extension huggingface dataset:
# Presentation: 920795

## Standardization EducationExperience from The NetherlandsICES Workshop Gaithersburg, 2008-02-21--22

**Dr.ir. Henk J. de Vries**
- _[hvries@rsm.nl](mailto:hvries@rsm.nl)_
- _[http://www.rsm.nl/hdevries](http://www.rsm.nl/hdevries)_

## Raising Awareness of Standards and Standardization in The Netherlands –  Education Project

- Initiator: Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs
- Participants:
- Employers organizations (VNO-NCW and FME-CWM)
- Employers organization for SMEs (MKB Nederland)
- Standards users Organization (NKN)
- Trade Union (FNV)
- Consumer Organization (Consumentenbond)
- National Standardization Institute (NEN)
- Chair: Prof. Albert Feilzer,RSM Erasmus University

## Education projects

- Higher Vocational Education – Building
- Higher Vocational Education – Electrical Engineering
- Intermediate Vocational Education – Electrical Engineering
- Higher Vocational Education – Building, Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Business

## Benchmark: Education on IPRs

- Initiator: Dutch Patent Office
- Start with one school in Higher Vocational Education
- Teach / train / coach core teacher
- Develop teaching materials
- Elective course
- Starting point for inclusion of IPR in other courses
- Teach / train the teachers
- Improve materials
- Provide access to patent information (for free)
- Allow visits to the patent office
- Be available for both teachers and students
- Spread the concept to other schools
- Spread the concept to other levels of education

## Education Project Higher Vocational Education 

- NEN in corporation with FME-CWM and Elevator Industry
- Core group of teachers
- Interviews
- Determine needs
- Develop materials:
- Materials for teachers additional to existing management book
- Internet modules:
- How to trace standards?
- Case: standards for elevators
- Awareness and training sessions

## Lessons to be learnt

- Policy at the national level
- Stakeholder involvement
- Focus
- Devoted pioneers
- Start small
- Establish a benchmark
- Long-term support
- Commitment
# Presentation: 725380

## Banjoman

*Created by *John and Bryce Peterson
*Based on a story by* YIFL
*Photographs by* John Peterson

## Banjoman abides.

**He waits in his desert sanctuary doing what he does best: **
**Play banjo.**

## He sings as well, but not as well.

**He sings of the rivers, of the rocks, **
**of the creatures of the sand.**

## They come to him, to hear their own song.

**Everyone has a tune.**
**And Banjoman plays these tunes, and plays them well.**

## He sings the sands beneath his feet, and they dance around him.

**He sings the stars, and they twinkle brightly for him.**
**The sun and the waves and the things of the earth are playthings:**
**They obey his every whim.**

## Slowly, as the music dies down, the creatures and the sand,

**Slowly, as the music dies down, the creatures and the sand,**
**The light and the clouds all creep away.**
**As the sun slips down the edge of the earth, all is quiet,**

## And the Banjoman sleeps, to play again.

**And the Banjoman sleeps, to play again.**
# Presentation: 100776

## AHPS Outreach/Education by RFCs

- Dave Reed
- HIC LMRFC
- 2004 HPM Conference
- December 8, 2004

## RFC Visits to WFOs

- Presentations
- Generally for AHPS, NWSRFS, ICP, and ESP
- May include Climate info and ESP Verification
- Generally done when AHPS implemented at a WFO
- Duration 1-3 days
- Breakout with managers to decide on issues?

- March 27, 1927 between Cairo, IL and Mound City, IL.  Stage at Cairo 52.8 ft.

## RFC Visits to Cooperators

- Done in concert with the WFOs
- Provide detailed briefings to major cooperators such as TVA, COE, USGS
- May focus on additional products beyond core set

- 1938 at Ware, MS.  Flooding after an unnamed hurricane

## Meetings with Cooperators and Emergency Managers

- WFOs host partners and cooperators
- RFCs attend to provide detailed technical support
- Generally one day for meetings
- Organized by WFOs

- 1965 in New Orleans.  Flooding from Hurricane Betsy

## Web-based Training

- Under development in ER
- Tutorial for WFO forecasters to navigate and interpret AHPS webpages
- Objectives-based training should be available in May

- July, 1916 Asheville, NC.  From “Floods of July, 1916” published by the Southern Railway Company.

## Brochures

- SR developing tri-fold brochure on ESP
- Focus on products and how generated
- Can be modified for a specific WFO area
- Should be available early in 2005
# Presentation: 889077

## Diffractive Heavy Flavour

**Ana Carolina Assis Jesus**
**Diffractive Workshop**

- Ana Carolina Assis Jesus

- 03/30/2004

## Outline:

- Monte Carlo Generator (POMWIG):
-                 1)  bbbar process
-                 2)  ccbar process
- Luminosity X Number of events ;
- Future Steps.

- Ana Carolina Assis Jesus

- 03/30/2004

## Monte Carlo Stuffs

- Pomwig Diffractive Process:
- 10000 events with Single Diffraction and Collider energy = 1960GeV.
-       where N = # of events

- Ana Carolina Assis Jesus

- 03/30/2004

## Chosen Processes

**bbbar process (1705)**
**Cross Section ********:**
**Luminosity ****(L)****:**

**ccbar process (1704)**
**Cross Section ********:**
**Luminosity ****(L)****:**

- Ana Carolina Assis Jesus

- 03/30/2004

## Kinematical Plots

- pt (mesons B)

- Ana Carolina Assis Jesus

- 03/30/2004

## eta (mesons B)

- Ana Carolina Assis Jesus

- 03/30/2004

## pt (mesons D)

- Ana Carolina Assis Jesus

- 03/30/2004

## eta (mesons D)

- Ana Carolina Assis Jesus

- 03/30/2004

## Luminosity & Number of Events

**Luminosity**** &**** Number of Events**

- What we want to know is the expected number of evens in each channel given the luminosity:
**      ****# of events =  (cross section)*(luminosity)**

- Ana Carolina Assis Jesus

- 03/30/2004

## We know the cross section  for one kind of process but our interest is in one specific sub-process: Sub-process Cross section process

- n = # of channel events
- N = total number of events

- Ana Carolina Assis Jesus

- 03/30/2004

## Slide 11

- Ana Carolina Assis Jesus

- 03/30/2004

## Slide 12

- Ana Carolina Assis Jesus

- 03/30/2004

## Slide 13

- Ana Carolina Assis Jesus

- 03/30/2004

## Future Steps

- Searching for a J/pick using the BANA package.
- Do some cuts in the kinematical parameters and some studies with the Luminosity Monitor.
- ... diffractive stuffs ...

- Ana Carolina Assis Jesus

- 03/30/2004
# Presentation: 118331

## Utility Brown Bag Series

**Multi-Family**
**-****Reports from Utilities **

**June 27, 2007**
**11 a.m. to 12 p.m. (PDT)**

**Speakers:        Mark Johnson, BPA Residential Lead         **
**	****        ****Mira Vowles, BPA**
**	****        ****Kathy Moore - Umatilla Electric **
**	****        ****Diane Ferington - Energy Trust of Oregon**
**	****        ****Don Pendleton - Seattle City Light **
**Facilitator:     Lloyd Meyer, BPA**
** **

## Multi-Family

- BPA’s Sector delineation:
- Residential multifamily buildings are less than three stories.
- Commercial if residential multifamily building higher than three stories.

## BPA Unrestricted Measures in the PTR 

- Compact Fluorescent Lights
- Energy Star Appliances
- High Efficiency Electric Water Heaters
- Showerheads
- Pipe Wrap (at water heater)

## BPA Multi-Family Specific Measures in the PTR 

- Shell Measures (i.e., attic, wall, floor insulation and windows up grades)
- Waste Water Heat Recovery (i.e., GFX heat exchanger)
- For Multi-Family Low Rise New Construction (fewer than 5 units and 4 floors)

## Multi-Family Custom Projects

- Multi-Family High Rise New Construction (more than 4 units and 3 floors)
- Multiple Multi-Family Measures in one project

## Multi-Family Measures not available in the PTR

- Energy Audits
- Prime Window Conversions
- Heat Pumps Up Grades
- Heat Pump Commissioning and Controls
- Duct Sealing
- Electronic Thermostats

## Multi-Family New Construction Forecast Reports

- Based on FW Dodge forecasts
- Same reports the Council uses!
- Projected to utility territories
- Separate entries for
- more than 5 units 1-3 floors (Residential)
- more than 5 units more than 4 floors (Commercial)
- Contact your EER or email _[ofnabors@bpa.gov](mailto:ofnabors@bpa.gov)_ for your forecast!

## Multi-Family New Construction Forecast Report

|  | Sample Umatilla Multi-Family New Construction Forecast Report |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  | (Thousands of Square Feet) |  |  |  |  |
| County | PLACE NAME | Project Type | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 |
| MORROW, OR | Boardman city | Apartments 5+ Units, 1-3 Stories | 0.24 | 0.49 | 0.63 | 0.73 | 0.97 |
| MORROW, OR | Irrigon city | Apartments 5+ Units, 1-3 Stories | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| UMATILLA, OR | Cayuse CDP | Apartments 5+ Units, 1-3 Stories | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| UMATILLA, OR | Kirkpatrick CDP | Apartments 5+ Units, 1-3 Stories | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| UMATILLA, OR | Riverside CDP | Apartments 5+ Units, 1-3 Stories | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
|  |  |  | 0.24 | 0.49 | 0.63 | 0.73 | 0.97 |

## Utility Reports

- Kathy Moore - Umatilla Electric
- Diane Ferington - Energy Trust of Oregon
- Don Pendleton - Seattle City Light
# Presentation: 735203

## New Features forairnow.gov

**New Features for****airnow.gov**

- Lori Tussey
- U.S. EPA

## 2003-04

**2003-04**

## Airnow.gov

-  Outlook
-  Web cams
-  News Items
-  Features
-  Joint   Partnership

**Notes:**
Enhancements in 2004

## Airnow.gov

**Notes:**
Enhancements in 2004

## Airnow.gov

- _[Airnow.gov](http://www.airnow.gov/)_

**Notes:**
Enhancements in 2004

## Airnow.gov

**Airnow.gov**

**Notes:**
Enhancements in 2004

## Conversion to Cold Fusion - Why?
Outgrown current cgi scripts for handling maps and forecasts
508 compliance (map info. must be in text)
Administrative functions will allow more timely updates (weekends, holidays after hours)
Automated features (rotating web cams, timed stories)

- Outgrown current cgi scripts for handling maps and forecasts
- 508 compliance (map info. must be in text)
- Administrative functions will allow more timely updates (weekends, holidays after hours)
- Automated features (rotating web cams, timed stories)

- Coming Soon

**Notes:**
To the user the look of the main page will change only slightly.  The biggest change is secondary pages

## New Features

- Enhanced Forecast and Action Day Maps
- Forecast table changing to National AQI Summary
- State “Local Forecast and Conditions” pages changing to include State summary pages and Detailed City pages

## Current Forecast Map

-  Limited
-    Zoom
-  Pop-up
-   Problematic
-  Covered
-   Forecasts

## New Forecast Map

-  Meets 508
-  Select AQI
-    in legend
-  Highest AQI
-   on top
-  Longer load
-   time

## New Forecast Map

-  Scroll / Pan
-  City Links

## Current U.S. Forecast Table

## National AQI Summary

-  Current data
-  Action days
-  Sort options
-    - Location
-    - Forecast
-    - Action Day
-  City links

## Current Particle Levels

-  Sort options
-    - Location
-    - Current AQI
-  City links
-  Meets 508

## Current Particle Maps - 508

## Local Forecast and Conditions

## Indiana

-  Scrolling problem - hard to get a summary of state conditions
-  Current conditions
- confusing

## Indiana State Summary - New

-  Only shows AQI forecast
-  Sort options
-    - Forecast
-    - Action Day
-  Links to cities and national summary

## South Bend

-   Action Day
-  Current AQI
-  Local Maps

**South Bend**

## Minneapolis

-  Detailed forecast
-  Current AQI
-   2 pollutants
-  Web cam

## El Paso

** ****3 pollutants **
**  ****forecast**

-  Current AQI
-   2 pollutants

## Phoenix

-  Web cam

** ****4 pollutants **
**  ****forecast**

## We Need Feedback!

- Anytime:
- News items / features
- Send your web cams
- By end of February?:
- Review you local information for accuracy
- Use new forecast map? Or keep the old?

## Feedback

**Phase 2**
**?** **Display Small Local Ozone and PM2.5 Maps**
**?** **Display multiple map domains**
**?** **Tomorrow’s Action Day**

## Feedback

**New Features for airnow.gov**
- http://cfpub.epa.gov/airnow/
- Lori Tussey
- _[Tussey.Lori@epa.gov](mailto:Tussey.Lori@epa.gov)_
- 919-541-4825
# Presentation: 835383

## NASA Nanotechnology 

- NASA Nanotechnology
- Program Content

**•****	****Nanotechnology Program Elements**
**	****	****-****	****Nanoelectronics and Computing**
**	****	****-****	****Sensors**
**	****	****-****	****Structural Materials**

## Slide 2

## Slide 3

## Nanoelectronics and Computing RoadmapImpact on Space Transportation, Space Science and Earth Science

_**2002**_

_**2005**_

_**2010**_

_**2015**_

- Biomimetic,
- radiation resistant
- molecular computing

- Nanoelectronics and Computing RoadmapImpact on Space Transportation, Space Science and Earth Science

**CNT Devices**

**Biological Molecules**

**Ultra high density  storage**

- RLV

- Nano-electronic
- components

- Europa Sub

- Robot Colony

- Sensor Web

## 2002

- Nanosensor Roadmap
- Impact on Space Transportation, HEDS, Space Science and Astrobiology

_**2002**_

_**2005**_

_**2015**_

**1999**
- DSI RAX

**2003**
- ISPP

- Missions too early
- for nanotechnology
- impact

- Biosensors

- Spacestation

- Europa Sub

- Mars Robot Colony

- Sensor Web

**2020**

**Nanotube Vibration**
**Sensor for Propulsion**
**Diagnostics**

**Optical Sensors**
**for Synthetic**
**Vision**

- Nanopore for in situ
- biomark-sensor

- Multi-sensor
- Arrays (Chemical,
- optical and bio)

_**2010**_

- Sharp CJV

## Slide 6

## Slide 7
# Presentation: 218559

## SETFTTQ

**SOUTHEAST TASK FORCE ON TECHNICIAN TRAINING AND QUALIFICATION  (SETFTTQ)**
**REPORT OF ACTIVITIES**
**December 3-4, 2003**
**Orlando, Florida **

## Members

**     ****SETFTTQ**

## Purpose

**Continuation of efforts on avenues to share information and  commonality relationships.**
**Identify and prioritize training and qualification curriculums common to SETFTTQ members.**

## Issues for TCCC

**Electronic transfer of SETFTTQ information to TCCC web site.**
**Adequate representation to address needs of State DOT constituents.**
**Coordinator for regional groups and value in sharing of information.**
**Questions concerning reciprocity.**

## Work in Progress

**Maintenance and updating of web site. All program matrices were updated July 1****st****, 2003.**
**Review of TCCC work plan.**
**Task team for source approval programs for regional acceptance program for aggregates.  **

## SETFTTQ

** ****Meeting:  SASHTO Quality Conference, March 2005.**
# Presentation: 702118

## Collection and Dissemination of Grant Selection Information

**Effective Date**
- September 4, 2001
**What's Covered:**
- Grant Selections resulting from competitive, non-competitive and unsolicited proposals, including Cooperative Agreement Notices (CAN).
- All grant selections, regardless of value, must be reported.
**Notification Requirement**
- Information must be reported to Code L _**within 48 hours of grant selection and at least 48 hours prior to notifying the selectees.**_

## Information Required

- Brief description of:
- - the solicitation including name of sponsoring NASA program office or field center
- - solicitation title and number
- - short paragraph describing effort being supported
- Number of proposals received and number selected
- Total potential value of selected proposals, and specific dollar value for each selected proposal (unless still under negotiation which should be noted)
- Period of performance
- A list of the selectees:
- - name of PI
- - institution
- - full address of each selectee, _**including 9-digit zip code**_
- - title of selected proposal
- - congressional district number of selectee's address
- Selectees should be ordered alphabetically, by State, and within each State, by congressional district
- Congressional Districts can be found by plugging 9-digit zip code into:
- - _http://www.visi.com/juan/congress/ziptoit.html_

## Points of Contact

- Mark Hess
- Code 130
- Ph: 		301/286-8982
- Fax: 		301/286-1707
- Email: 		_mhess@pop100.gsfc.nasa.gov_
- Jan Ruff
- Code 130
- Ph 		301/286-6255
- Fax: 		301/286-1707
- Email:		_jruff@pop100.gsfc.nasa.gov_
_**NASA Headquarters**_
- Mark Kleinsorge
- Code LM
- Ph: 		202/358-1914
- Fax:		202/358-
- Email		_mkleinso@hq.nasa.gov_
# Presentation: 675653

## What’s New with MedlinePlus, Go Local, and NIHSeniorHealth?

- Medical Library Association Annual Meeting
- Phoenix, AZ
- NLM Theater Presentation
- May 21-23, 2006

## Content Health News ProvidersHealth Topics HomepageInteractive Body Maps Go Local PartnersNIHSeniorHealth Looking to the Future

## Natural Standard  100+ herbal and dietary supplement monographs

**English**

**Spanish**

## OR-Live: Surgical Webcasts

- Added 64 new surgical videos for a total of 117
- Live webcasts
- Video archive

## Interactive Tutorials

- New Titles:
- Avian Flu
- Pneumonia
- Back exercises
- Newborn Screening
- Retinal Tear and Detachment

## Health News Providers

- Both in English and Spanish
- Also on ABC News, MSN, Yahoo!, syndicated newspapers
- Written especially for consumers

## Content-by-Numbers

**11 weekly**
**News daily**

**117**

**26**

**3 databases**
**> 1500 entries**

**704 English**
**657 Spanish**

**~ 4000 articles**

**> 100**

**14 Go Local Projects**

**>15 stories/day**
**Eng & Spanish**

**175**

**640**

## Growth in MedlinePlus Use

## Health Topics Homepage

## Interactive Body Maps

- 14 full-color illustrations
- Interactive navigation to health topic pages
- English and Spanish

## Ideas:  add visual interest and enhance navigation

- Developed the concept
- Usability study

## Illustration Iterations

**Body Maps: Behind the Scenes**

**Notes:**
Very well received during usability testing
Feedback led to design refinements
Hired a medical illustrator to create unique illustrations based on our specifications
Medical illustrators on-staff at NLM worked with us to review for anatomical correctness
>10 rounds with the medical illustrator from sketches to final rendering in Adobe Illustrator
Illustration content matched to specsrefine pencil sketchesfull-color w/body parts identifiedrefined labels and body part outlinesfinalized and implemented in adobe Illustrator

## Final Product

**Body Maps: Behind the Scenes**

## Go Local Yesterday

**MLA 2005:****North Carolina, Missouri, Massachusetts, Indiana, and ****South Texas**

## Go Local Today

**Current projects:**** **
**North Carolina, Missouri, Indiana, Massachusetts, South Texas, Alabama, Tribal Connection Four Corners, Utah, Wyoming, Maryland, East Texas, New Mexico, Texas Gulf Coast,  and Ohio Southeast**

## Go Local Tomorrow

**Projects in red are in development:**
**South Carolina, Vermont, Arizona, Nevada, Delaware,** **Michigan, Georgia, Nebraska,** **and Minnesota**

## NIHSeniorHealth -  New Topics 

- Heart Failure (NHLBI)
- COPD (NHLBI)
- Osteoporosis (NIAMS)
- Dry Mouth (NIDCR)
- Stroke (NINDS)
- Problems with Smell (NIDCD)
- Problems with Taste (NIDCD)

## NIHSeniorHealth New Videos and Exercise Stories

- Total of 93 videos within 26 health topics of special interest to seniors
- Total of 28 stories representing 17 states

## Looking to the Future

- New voice and health topics in development for NIHSeniorHealth
- Health topic page redesign
- Continue adding topics, refining features and improving usability
# Presentation: 702653

## Comet 19P/Borrelly in Three Dimensions: Coma and Nucleus 

- <date/time>

- Comet 19P/Borrelly in Three Dimensions: Coma and Nucleus

- Laurence A. Soderblom        United States Geological Survey

## <footer>

- <date/time>

## Slide 3

## Slide 4

## Slide 5

## Slide 6

## <footer>

- <date/time>

## Slide 8

## Slide 9

## Slide 10

- <date/time>

## <footer>

- <date/time>

## Slide 13

## Nucleus-Jet-Rotation Pole Relationship

- <date/time>

- Main jet fixed orientation  it was on rotation axis.
- Places sub-solar latitude at ~55 N  central smooth basin, the source region of the main jet, in constant sunlight during the few months near perihelion.
- Mechanism generating highly collimated main jet is coupled to the symmetry of constant solar input
- Ecliptic Coordinates: Lat +3 Lon 220  North Pole
- Right-handed rotation  prograde rotation
- This orientation results in very stable rotation of the nucleus around its short axis  minimally affected by non-gravitational forces of the jets.

## Slide 15
# Presentation: 574369

## DISPATCHCOURSE

## UNIT 0

**INTRODUCTION**

## UNIT 0 TOPICS

**Introductions.**
**Course purpose.**
**Major course topics.**
**Course objectives.**
**Presentation methods.**
**Course schedule.**
**Trainee Workbook.**
**Student responsibilities.**
**Evaluation.**
**Student expectations.**

## COURSE PURPOSE

**Learn to perform basic dispatch operations using ROSS. **

## COURSE OBJECTIVES

**Be able to:**
**Create an Initial Report or Incident.**
**Create a resource request.**
**Fill a resource request.**
**Place a resource request.**
**Mobilize & demobilize resources.**
**Document travel.**
**Status requests & resources.**

## SUB-COURSES

**Basic**
******	****Provides a solid foundation**
**Intermediate**
******	****Rounds out fundamental understanding of ROSS**
**Advanced**
******	****Addresses complex topics**
**Tactical Aviation**
******	****Addresses dispatching of tactical aircraft**

## BASIC TOPICS

_**UNIT**_
**1:****	****ROSS User Basics**
**2:****	****ROSS Security Principles**
**3:****	****Notification**
**4:****	****Resource Statusing**
**5:****	****New Request**
**6:****	****Pending Request**
**7:****	****Request Status**
**8:****	****Travel**
**9:****	****Release & Reassign Resources**

## INTERMEDIATE TOPICS

_**UNIT**_
**1:****	****Initial Reports & Incidents**
**2:****	****New Request (remainder)**
**3:****	****Quick Fill**
**4:****	****Pending Request (remainder)**
**5:****	****Request Status (remainder)**
**6:****	****Release & Reassign Resources (remainder)**
**7:****	****Supplementals**

## ADVANCED TOPICS

_**UNIT**_**	**
**1:****	****Roster & Assignment Roster**
**2:****	****Preorders**
**3:****	****Detail Request**
**4:****	****Merge Incidents**
**5:****	****Travel (Advanced)**
**6:****	****Travel Plan**
**TA:****	****Tactical Aviation**

## PRESENTATION METHODS

**Lecture, discussion, & LOTS OF PRACTICE!**** **
**Practice Sessions**
**Coaches available to help**

## STUDENT WORKBOOK

**Outline of topics with room to take notes**
**ROSS Glossary**
**Disaster/Recovery Plan**
**Handouts**

## STUDENT RESPONSIBILITIES

**Actively participate**
**Ask questions!**
**Be open minded & flexible**
**Take notes**
**Complete evaluation forms**

## COACHES

**Assigned to a group of students.**
**Provide clarification & guidance.**
**Ensure data entered correctly.**
**Evaluate performance.**

## EVALUATION

**Competency assessed during practice sessions**

**Goal is for you to feel confident working with ROSS**
**Continue to develop skills back at home**
# Presentation: 671276

## Wireless Broadband ForumMay 19, 2004

- Joel Taubenblatt
- Chief, Broadband Division
- Wireless Telecommunications Bureau

## Facilitating Wireless Broadband Networks through Policy

- Maximize flexibility, create a competitive environment, and make more spectrum available.
- _AWS._ Additional 90 MHz for advanced mobile services.
- _MDS/ITFS_. Flexible structure in 2.5 GHz.
- _70/80/90 GHz_. Innovative framework for licensing high-speed, point-to-point services.
- _24 GHz Auction_.  July 28 for fixed broadband services.
- _Secondary markets_.  Spectrum more easily accessible.

## Facilitating Wireless Broadband Networks through Licensing Systems

- Provide efficient, high-tech, interactive licensing databases.
- WTB administers over 3 million licenses.
- Over 500,000 applications processed annually on ULS.
- More than 90% in < 90 days.
- New wireless services on line – MDS/ITFS Feb. 2004.
- Code writing for ULS design changes – e.g., secondary markets, 70-80-90 GHz.

## Facilitating Wireless Broadband Networks through Stakeholder Input

- Gather and analyze data to inform policy, operations, and regulatory framework.
- Broadband Forum in May 2004 and ongoing dialogue about technology and marketplace trends.
- Section 706 Report on Advanced Services – _need wireless industry input_ (Replies due May 24)
- Outreach to underserved areas with OET and CGB under recently-created task force.

## WTB Resources Focused on Broadband

- More than 300 employees in the Wireless Telecommunications Bureau.
- Dec 2003 Creation of Broadband Division (47 employees).
- Fellow Divisions focused on related goals of Spectrum/Competition Policy, Mobility, Public Safety, Auctions, and Information Technology.

## Looking to the Future:Wireless Increases the “Pie”

**Voice: Expanding local and long distance**

**Broadband:  Expanding Internet and media**

- Total Voice Minutes: Pre-Cellular

- Total Voice Minutes: Today

- Total Broadband Subscribers: Today

- Total Broadband Subscribers: Future
# Presentation: 363185

## PHOBOSRun 5 Progress

- Peter SteinbergBrookhaven National Laboratory
- January 12, 2005

## Detector fully comissioned
Still working out kinks w/ trigger detectors, readout, etc.
Access today very useful for minor repairs

DAQ fully comissioned
Stable and running at 400 Hz to tape

Trigger configuration approaching production running
Triggering on vertex within –25 < z < 10 cm

**Still working out kinks w/ trigger detectors, readout, etc.**
**Access today very useful for minor repairs**
**DAQ fully comissioned**
**Stable and running at 400 Hz to tape**
**Trigger configuration approaching production running**
**Triggering on vertex within –25 < z < 10 cm**

- Run Preparation

## Radiation in Run 4

- End of March 2004

## This Week in Chipmunk 2

- Radiation far below Run 4, so far...

***48 bunches leads to short-lived pressure rise.***
***Still evaluating lost time vs. pile-up issue******(need statistics for RHIC stores and PHOBOS data)***

## Run Statistics Cu+Cu 200 GeV

***?***

***27M triggers to tape as of 8am this morning***

## Store Length

- Assume 7000 Hz ZDC, 500 Hz DAQ, 1⁄2 hour between stores, 1/3 hour startup, =2hr

## Vertex Distribution

- Production ran automatically

***Z Vertex (cm)***

***Events***

## Commissioning TAC Trigger

***(preliminary******calibrations)***

***TAC******trigger***

***Si******vertex***

***Vasu Chetluru, UIC ***

## Plans

- Finished with access for the day
- Finalize production trigger
- Physics production running

## Run Conditions

**Required run conditions to achieve goals – luminosity, ********* etc. **
**Assuming *********=3m for 200 GeV as last year**
**Special requests**
**Fixed-length stores are clearly optimal for overall operation of PHOBOS**
**We would like additional time (e.g. 45 minutes) in a store if there is a substantial (>30 min) vacuum breakdown.**
**Similar to last year – times should be appropriate for the actual behavior of the machine**
**(pp): Special 400 GeV run as early as possible.**

## Physics Goals/Needs for Run 5

**Physics goals for planned Cu-Cu run**
**Energy**** and centrality dependence for**
**4******** observables (multiplicities, flow) **
**Particle spectra**
**Needs (Cu-Cu)**
**~ 1 Billion events @ 200 GeV (1.5-4 nb****-1**** or 2+8 weeks) **
**~ 150 Million events @ 62.4 GeV (2 weeks) **
**1 day @ 22.4 GeV (injection)**

## Cu+Cu Event Display
# Presentation: 106094

## Consistent Components

- Tom Carlson
- National Center for State Courts

## Slide 2

## ?

## Slide 4

## Slide 5

## Slide 6

## Slide 7

## Component Inheritance

## Component Inheritance

- Officer

## Component Inheritance

- Officer

- Name
-  First
-  Last

- Address
-  City
-  State

## Component Inheritance

## Benefits

- Faster and easier UML-like modeling
- Standards compliant, produces XMI and UML
- Component use and mapping automatically consistent
- New components inherit from existing components, maintaining consistency
- Changed component-to-element mapping can be automatically changed in the artifacts
- Auditing feature allows building consistency after the fact
# Presentation: 758367

## Research to Aid Persons with Disabilities Program (RAPD)

**Biomedical Engineering and Engineering Healthcare Cluster**
**Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems Division**
**Robert Jaeger, Program Director**

## Research to Aid Persons with Disabilities Program (RAPD)

**RAPD supports research that will lead to the development of new technologies, devices, or software for persons with disabilities. This includes:**
- The characterization, restoration, and/or substitution of human functional ability or cognition,
- The interaction of persons with disabilities and their environment
**Areas of particular recent interest are:**
- Disability-related research in neuroscience and/or neuroengineering
- Rehabilitation robotics

## Undergraduate Design Projects

**Recreational Technology for Persons with Disabilities**
- San Diego State University

- Undergraduate students in mechanical engineering designed and built equipment to make a racing yacht usable by a crew of five individuals with disabilities and a non-disabled captain. The yacht placed 4th in class in the 2005 Transpac Race from Los Angeles to Hawaii.

## Artificial Retina 

- Dr. Mark Humayun, Director of the Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic MicroElectronic Systems, and his research group have developed a prosthetic device that enables previously blind people to perceive light and patterns.

## Post-Stroke Mobility Rehabilitation

- Dr. Greg Burdea at Rutgers is working on Virtual Reality-based Dual Haptic Platforms.  These are being developed to deliver rehabilitation in the home.

- While still in the early stages of research, a new technique to lower the cost of rehabilitation and allow it to be delivered in a home setting could have a profound impact on people recovering from stroke.

## Funding – FY 2007

- Investigator Initiated Awards
- 7 new awards - $1,676,600
- Undergraduate Design Projects
- 2 new awards - $145,000
- GOALI
- 1 new award - $284,000
- Undergraduate Research Supplements
- 7 new awards - $41,800
- Continuing Awards and Misc - $545,000
- Total Program Awards $ 2,692,400

## Contact Information

**Robert Jaeger**, Program Director
- _[rjaeger@nsf.gov](mailto:rjaeger@nsf.gov)_
- + 1.703.292.7091
- NSF Program Guidelines PD 08-5342
# Presentation: 160870

## Oat Breeding Program at Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada Cereal Research CentreWinnipeg, Manitoba

**Jennifer Mitchell Fetch**

## Breeding Program at CRC

- Our objective is to provide producers and
-   processors with superior oat cultivars for
-  the Prairies

## Main research priorities of CRC program

- 1.  Agronomic performance
- Yield
- Early Maturity
- Lodging Resistance

## Main research priorities of CRC program

- 2.  Disease resistance
- Oat Stem Rust
- Oat Crown Rust
- Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus
- Smut
- Fusarium Head Blight
- Leaf spotting diseases

## Main research priorities of CRC program

- 3.  Quality
- Oil
- Protein
- Milling yield
- Beta-glucan

## Prairie Oat Breeding Consortium

**GOVERNMENT PARTNERS**
**Breeder**
**Plant Pathologists**
**Quality Experts**
**Biotechnologists**
**INDUSTRY PARTNERS**
**	****MILLERS & PROCESSORS **
**	****SEED COMPANIES**

## Production Estimates for OatCanada 2004

**Source:  Statistics Canada. Dec 7, 2005**

## Production Estimates for Oat Canada 2005

**Source:  Statistics Canada. Dec 7, 2005**

## Oat cultivars released recently by CRC

**1999         Pinnacle**
**2001         Ronald**
**2001         AC Gwen**
**2003         Furlong**
**2004         Leggett**
**2005        Jordan (OT2027)**
**	**

## Leggett (OT2021)	

**Yielded ~ 3% better than CDC Dancer in 2004 trials and did well in 2005**
**Good quality parameters for milling end use – good test weight also**
**Resistant to most of the current crown rust pathotypes****	**

## Jordan (OT2027)	

**Very high yield (~9% higher than AC Morgan)**
**similar yield to Morgan in MB for 2005 but 20% higher in SK**
**Carries only Pc68**

## Thank you!

Questions?

**Questions?**

## Slide 13
# Presentation: 918967

## World Canned Peach Production for Selected Countries

**Tons**

## World Canned Peach Exports for Selected Countries

**Tons**

## EU Subsidies Reversed Flow of US - EU Canned Peach TradeNet US – EU Trade1971 – 2002

**Positive US Trade**

**Positive EU Trade**

**Thousand Tons**

## EU Subsidies Increased Canned Peach Production Over Trend Line

**Actual Greek Production**
**After Accession**

**Trend Line Unsubsidized**
**Greek Production**
- t

**Tons**

## EU Support Payments to Greece and Greek Exports to the World

**Support Payments**

**Greek Exports**

**Millions of ECU**

**Thousand Tons**

## EU Support Payments: production and Withdrawal Aids

**Millions ECU**
# Presentation: 537363

## Potential SnowTuesday Night and Wednesday(February 4-5, 2009)

**National Weather Service Raleigh, NC**

**Jeff Orrock**
**Updated**
**1 pm...February 3, 2009**

## Snow Tuesday Night Into Wednesday

**Snow Tuesday Night Into Wednesday**

**A very strong upper level trough of low pressure (disturbance marked by the red line) will track across the state tonight and into early Wednesday.**
**This system will provide enough instability to create scattered snow showers across much of Central NC.**

## Anywhere from 1 – 4 inches of snow is expected to fall across central NC overnight and into Wednesday morning. The heavier accumulations are expected along and north of Highway 64 as depicted in the map above. The areas which could see the most accumulation will be from Roxboro east to Oxford, Henderson and Roanoke Rapids. Temperatures will be well below freezing Wednesday morning and snow should fall between 7pm this evening to 9am Wednesday morning. 

**Anywhere from 1 – 4 inches of snow is expected to fall across central NC overnight and into Wednesday morning. The heavier accumulations are expected along and north of Highway 64 as depicted in the map above. The areas which could see the most accumulation will be from Roxboro east to Oxford, Henderson and Roanoke Rapids. Temperatures will be well below freezing Wednesday morning and snow should fall between 7pm this evening to 9am Wednesday morning. **

**Temperature**

**Snow**

**Snow accumulations of**
**2 – 4 inches possible**

## Issues and Concerns

**Models have come in wetter this afternoon and there will be some potential for bands of moderate snowfall overnight and into Wednesday morning.**
**Temperatures will be cold tonight and Wednesday morning in the 20s.**** Scattered snow showers should develop tonight with snow accumulations expected by daybreak Wednesday.**
**Any snow which does fall will be mainly a dry type of snow resulting in a higher liquid to snow ratio. A higher snow ratio would allow for more snow depth which could range between 2-4 inches.**
**Snow could linger until mid morning for locations north and east of Raleigh especially from Rocky Mount north to Roanoke rapids along the Interstate 95 corridor. **
**Please check local NWS web pages throughout the day to remain abreast of the latest Winter Weather Advisories and forecasts. **

## NWS Web Pages

**Western NC**
_**[http://www.erh.noaa.gov/gsp/](http://www.erh.noaa.gov/gsp/)**_
**Central NC**
_**[http://www.erh.noaa.gov/rah/](http://www.erh.noaa.gov/rah/)**_
**Eastern NC**
_**[http://www.erh.noaa.gov/mhx](http://www.erh.noaa.gov/mhx)**_
# Presentation: 686140

**MERLIN UPDATE**
**MTAC**
**	****	****	****   ****	****	****	****	****                ****	****	****	****        ****	****	****        ****	****	**
**	****	****	****	****	****	****Michele Denny**
**	****	****	****	****    ****	****             ****May 5, 2004**

## MERLINDeployment

**Completed November 2003**
_**Area**_**	****	****	**_**Machines**_
- 			Southeast		     123
- 			Southwest		       94
- 			Eastern			     183
- 			Capitol Metro		       64
- 			Great Lakes		     206
- 			Western		     213
- 			Northeast		       90
- 			New York		       60
- 			Pacific			     150

## MERLIN - TOLERANCES

**MERLIN VERIFCATIONS**	                   **Acceptance Rate****	****              Tolerance**
- Presort & labeling accuracy		95%		      5%
- Barcode quality – Letter			90%		    10%
- Barcode quality – Flat			80%**		    20%
- Permit Imprint Weight/Piece Count	99%		      1%
- First-Class Shortpaid Meter Mail		95%		      5%
- Carrier Route – Sequencing 		95%		      5%
- Phase I – Barcode Accuracy                      100%		      0%
- * Acceptance rate will increase to 90% on July 31, 2004

## MERLINQuality Performance- YTD FY04

**MERLIN Utilization**
**	****	****Mailings under 10,000 pieces****	****	****15.8%**
**	****	****Mailings over 10,000 pieces****	****	****	****48.5%**
** ****Barcode Readability **
**	****	****Letter mailings passed****	**** ****	****	****95.0%**
**	****	****Flat Mailings passed****	****	**** ****	****95.0%**
** ****Barcode Accuracy****	****	****	****	****99.9%**
** ****Presort Verification Mailings Passed****	****	****98.8%**
** ****Short  Paid Mailings Passed****	****	****	****99.7%**
**	****	**

## MERLINPhase I – Barcode Accuracy 

**Implemented 0’s and 9’s January 17, 2004**
** ****314,165 automated mailings tested to date**
** ****99.9% passed**
** ****100 mailings with 0’s**
** ****84 mailings with 9’s**
** ****Additional postage assessed due to poor quality **
**	****	****Range $12 to $ 17,777**
**	****	****Average $1,184**
** ****Mailpiece Design Analyst follow-up**

## MERLINFLATS BARCODE READABILITY

** ****90% read rate effective July 31, 2004**
** ****Consistent policy with LETTER MAILINGS**
** ****80% to 89% Pay Proportionally**
** ****Less than 1% of mailings passing could be impacted**
** ****Communication plan in place**
** ****Press Release 4/22/04**
** ****Internal notification**
** ****BSN**
** ****Letters to customers at local level **
** ****Postcard size notices to hand out at BME**

_**Next Step**_
**Sensitivity Test**
# Presentation: 911513

## Impact of Drought on CRSP Power Deliveries

- Sam Loftin, General Engineer, CRSP Management Center

## Impact of Drought on CRSP Power Deliveries

- Five years of drought in Colorado River Basin,
- Longest period of drought in historical record that runs from 1906 to 2004,
- Higher prices for firming purchases,
- Financial impact on Western, USBR, and SLCA/IP power customers.

## Impact of Drought on CRSP Power Deliveries

- Inflow to Lake Powell as compared to long-term average
- WY 2000 – 62%
- WY 2001 – 59%
- WY 2002 – 25%
- WY 2003 – 51%
- WY 2004 – 51% (est.)

## Slide 4

## Impact of Drought on CRSP Power Deliveries

- Energy deliveries to SLCA/IP customers reduced in FY’s 2001, 2002, 2004
- Lowered energy allocations by 18% for 20-year contract period beginning Oct., 2004
- Rate adjustment – 18% increase in FY 2003

## Impact of Drought on CRSP Power Deliveries

- USBR projected hydrology for 20-year period, using conditions as of July, 2004,
- Showed possible loss of Glen Canyon generation in next 5 years,
- Widely reported.

## Impact of Drought on CRSP Power Deliveries

- CRSP MC obtained USBR hydrology study
- 90 hydrological traces, one for each year of historical record,
- Sorted from wettest to driest.

## Slide 8

## Slide 9

## Slide 10

## Slide 11

## Slide 12

## Slide 13

## Slide 14

## Slide 15

## Slide 16

## Slide 17

## Median Case

- 8.23 maf releases from Glen Canyon for next 5 years,
- Median generation from other SLCA/IP power plants,
- Slow recovery of Lake Powell elevation,
- Firming purchases in range of $20 million/year.

## Continued Poor Hydrology Case

- 8.23 maf releases from Glen Canyon for next 5 years,
- Reduced generation from other SLCA/IP power plants,
- No recovery or continued drop of lake elevation,
- Firming purchases in range of $50 million/year.

## Worst Case Hydrology

- Glen Canyon offline some time in the next 5 years, *or*
- Releases substantially less than 8.23 maf from Glen Canyon,
- Low generation from other SLCA/IP power plants,
- Firming purchases over $100 million/year.

## Next Steps

- Coordinate with USBR and Basin States,
- Consult with SLCA/IP power customers,
- Continue to analyze management options and monitor water conditions.

## Impact of Drought on CRSP Power Deliveries

- Sam Loftin, General Engineer, CRSP Management Center
- _[loftin@wapa.gov](mailto:loftin@wapa.gov)_
- (801) 524-6381
# Presentation: 767360

## Creation of a Landsat Time Series of Cloud-free Mosaics and Modeling of Forest Characteristics of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands

**Landsat Science Team Meeting, January 6-8, 2009, Fort Collins, CO**
**EH Helmer, TS Ruzycki, T Kennaway, KR Sherrill, TJ Brandeis, B Wilson, MA Lefsky, J Benner**
**The team**
**USDA Forest Service**
**Eileen H Helmer, Ivan Vicens – IITF**
**Thomas J Brandeis, Humfredo Marcano, Luis Ortiz-Lopez – SRS**
**Barry (Ty) Wilson – NRS**
**Bonnie Ruefenach - RSAC**
**Colorado State University**
**Thomas S Ruzycki, Jay Benner, Calvin Bagley, Gary Senseman, Bill Sprouse – CEMML**
**Todd Kennaway, Michael A Lefsky and Kirk R Sherrill – CEAL**
**Chris Daly, Oregon State University**

- Photo: TJ Brandeis

## Methods

- 1. Removal of clouds and cloud shadows
- 	- Imagine models
- 	- Thresholding of various bands
- 	- For cloud shadows, compared results of thresholding with a         	topographic shadow layer created for each image
- 	- Much manual editing still needed
- 	- Clouds confused with beaches
- 	- DEM used in creation of topographic shadow layers too 	course for some areas
- 2. Co-registration of images
- 	- Autosync
- 3. Mosaic images
- 	- Cubist: regression tree normalization and RSAC tools for 	Imagine provided Forest Service

## Modeling Forest Characteristics and Common Tree Species Distributions

- Photos: TJ Brandeis

## Slide 4

## Slide 5

## Predictor Layers

- Predictor Layers

**Climate:** for each month: mean precip, mean temp, min temp, max temp
**Landcover:** 1951, 1977, 2000
**Topography**
**Geology**
**Forest vs. Non-forest**
**Distance to roads: **including road classes
**Distance to coast**
**Soil orders**
**SPOT Pan imagery**
**Life Zones**
**Managed areas**
**Landsat mosaics**
**Tassel cap for Landsat mosaics**

## Models excluding selected variable groups

## Models including only selected variable groups
# Presentation: 079956

## U.S. Geological Survey

- Digitized maps used in coal resource/reserve evaluations:
- National Coal Resource Assessment
- Coal Availability/Coal Recoverability
- USGS usually works closely with the State Surveys for these covers

## Slide 2

## GIS attributes for NCRA mine coverages 	

- Mined/unmined differentiation (numeric code or yes/no...)
- Mine method (surface, underground, etc; often incorporated into previous attribute)
- Mine name (for mine area or permitted area)
- Identification number or pit number
- Mining dates or status
- Leased areas
- NOTE: ONLY FIRST ONE IS COMMON, BUT STILL NOT IN ALL FILES.

## Source scale or limitation on NCRA mined areas

- Illinois Basin
- 1:12,000 to 1:100,000 (in State files)
- Colorado Plateau
- Varies (1:24,000 most common)
- Rocky Mountains & N Great Plains
- (no scale limitation noted in metadata)
- Appalachian
- 1:24,000 to 1:5,000,000 in same coverage
- Gulf Coast
- 1:1,000 to 1:2,000,000 in same coverage

## Appalachian Basin - Pittsburgh

## Slide 6

## Appalachian Coal Availability/Recoverability Studies

## Slide 8

## Other Data Available

- USGS Minerals Program
- Mine map preservation pgm – archiving and scanning
- Efforts tied to research activities
- Collections:
- USBM Mine Map Repository
- Defense Minerals Exploration Programs
- Collections of company exploration records
- Oil and Gas GIS information?

## Other Considerations

- Land surface covers important
- Land ownership
- Drainages
- Easily available others – o&g well
- Need for one db that contains mine locations

## Slide 11
# Presentation: 210470

## GPS RECEIVER SOFTWARE UPLOAD

**GPS BLACKJACK RECEIVER OPERATION IS HIGHLY AUTONOMOUS RESETING ITSELF AUTOMATICALLY IN RESPONSE TO A TRACKING PROBLEM OR SINGLE EVENT UPSETS.   HOWEVER, IF NECESSARY, SOFTWARE UPLOADS CAN BE ACCOMPLISHED IN EITHER PROM MONITOR (BEEP) OR IN TRACKING MODE.**

## PROM MONITOR (BEEP) MODE

**COMMAND  "BEEP" MODE ****INHIBITS**** NORMAL RECEIVER OPERATION**
**SEND  UPLOAD COMMAND**
**UPLOAD FILE CONTAINS WRAPPED PACKETS**
**PERFORMS DATA INTEGRITY CHECKS, STORES DATA IN RAM,  AND THEN LOADS INTO FLASH MEMORY. **
**SEND  RESET COMMAND WITHIN 24 HOURS TO EXECUTE THE NEW UPLOAD.**

## TRACKING MODE

**SEND  UPLOAD COMMAND**
**SEND IMAGE SOFTWARE COMMANDS. **
**PACKETS  ACKNOWLEDGED AND STORED IN FLASH MEMORY  (AUXILIARY AREA) UNTIL ENTIRE UPLOAD IS RECEIVED.**
**RECEIVER OPERATES NORMALLY DURING THE ENTIRE UPLOADING PROCESS. **
**LIBRARY CURRENTLY RUNNING  REPLACED IN FLASH.   AUXILIARY AREA ERASED.  **

## TRACKING MODE(continued)

**RESETS REQUIRE RESTART AT ANY POINT PRIOR TO THE RESET.**
**UPLOAD PROCESS TOLERATES INTERRUPTION AND RESUMES WHERE LEFT OFF. **
**INTERLEAVE UPLOADS FROM DIFFERENT LIBRARIES POSSIBLE. **
**SEND RESET COMMAND  TO EXECUTE NEW CODE.**
# Presentation: 675661

## 	Relevance of standard injury classifications

- -	international comparability
- -	not re-inventing wheels
- -	centralised maintenance

## 	Data collection on injuries: ICECI & MDS-Is

- ICECI = International Classification of External Causes of Injuries
- MDS-Is = Minimum Data Sets on Injuries

## 	MDS-Is reference group

- -	Robert Bauer, Austria
- -	Gabriële Ellsasser, Germany
- -	Birthe Frimodt-Moller, Denmark
- -	Johan Lund, Norway
- -	Ronan Lyons, United Kingdom
- -	Stellina Kiose, Greece

## 	MDS-Is

- -	4 objectives
- -	4 settings
- -	5 MDS-Is

## 	MDS-Is objectives

- -	Injured persons
- -	Injured persons by intention
- -	Injured persons by accident category
- -	Injured persons by type of accident

## 	MDS-Is settings

- -	Fatalities
- -	Hospital admissions
- -	Emergency departments
- -	Other health care

## 	MDS-Is

## 	MDS-Is

- -	Availability
- -	Compatibility
- -	Mutual comparability

## 	MDS-Is

- -	Testing
- 	-  7 countries (19 retrospective, 13 prospective)
- 	-  4 settings
- 	- 13 reviews (10 countries)
- -	Draft

## 	MDS-Is

- -	ICECI data elements
- -	Additional information

## 	MDS-Is: ICECI data elements

- -	Intent
- -	Place
- -	Activity
- -	Vehicle accident
- -	Mechanism
- -	Sports
- -	Mode of transport/counterpart

## 	MDS-Is: additional information

- -	Age & sex
- -	Country of residence
- -	Date of contact
- -	Follow-up
- -	Nature of injury
- -	Body part injured
- -	Narrative

## 	MDS-Is: implementation

- -	Starting registrations
- -	Additional data collection
- -	Reporting
- 	. indicators

## Slide 14
# Presentation: 767775

## Global estimates of the horizontal variability of total cloud optical thickness from MODIS Level-3 data

*Lazaros Oreopoulos and Robert F. Cahalan*
*UMBC-JCET and NASA-GSFC*
*Acknowledgements: Steve Platnick, Paul Hubanks, Bill Ridgway*
*	**Sasha Marshak, Tamás Várnai*

## MODIS estimates of cloud inhomogeneity

- Level-3 gridded (1°x1°) daily (D3) data provide moments and histograms of integrated optical thickness (**) and water path (*W*), based on ~ 1 km retrievals sampled at ~ 5 km
- This allows the estimation of:
- 									(*q*=** or *W*)
- Two months (July 2003, January 2004) analyzed
- Both Aqua and Terra
- Separately for each cloud phase
- Average daily values to monthly scales
- Main shortcoming: variability of total column optical thickness instead of cloud layer variability needed by LSMs; still invaluable for validation
- J. of Climate paper under revision

## Terra, liquid clouds

**July**

**January**

## Terra, ice clouds

**July**

**January**

## Liquid

- Ice

## Terra

## Land/Ocean and Terra/Aqua contrast

## Inhomogeneity and cloud fraction

- Single day

- Monthly ensemble

## Summary of findings

- Winter clouds more heterogeneous than summer clouds
- Marine clouds more heterogeneous than continental (liquid clouds)
- Afternoon clouds more heterogeneous than morning clouds (except marine ice clouds)
- Ice clouds greater range of inhomogeneity than water clouds
- Nearly overcast or overcast scenes more homogeneous

## More things to do

- Analysis of a full annual cycle
- Detailed examination of regions of special interest
- Composites of inhomogeneity in different dynamical regimes
- Estimate global radiative bias of homogeneous approximation

## Terra