# Presentation: 502360

## Aviation Weather: Opportunities for ImplementationTraining

- Robert A. Wright
- Manager, Flight Technologies and Procedures Division, AFS-400
- Federal Aviation Administration

## What is different about weather training?

- Rather than relying on a single source of information, weather requires the user to open a vast toolbox of products.
- Each product must be understood on it’s own merits, weaknesses, and limitations and it’s relationship to other products.
- Weather information requires a high level of correlation on the part of the user to put the whole picture together.

## Training Requirements

**Regulatory Standards for**
**Pilots**
**Flight Instructors**
**Ground Instructors**
**Dispatchers**
**Air Traffic Controllers**
**Flight Engineers**
**Flight Navigators**

## Training Requirements

**Specified in the appropriate Part of   CFR 14**
**Airmen: 61, 63, 65**
**Operators: 91, 121, 135**
**Schools: 141, 142**
**Supported by Training Guidance and Evaluation Standards**
**Advisory Circulars**
**Safety Program Materials**
**Industry Instructional Materials**
**Knowledge Test Standards**
**Practical Test Standards**

## Training Guidance

**Government Sources**
**FAA**
**NWS**
**Industry Sources**
**Avionics Manufacturers**
**Service Providers**
**User Groups**
**Training Publishers and Providers**

## Government Training Guidance

**Aeronautical Information Manual**
**Current Advisory Circulars (ACs)**
**00-6 Aviation Weather**
**00-45 Aviation Weather Services**
**60-21 Flight Training Handbook**
**60-27 Instrument Flying Handbook **
**61-23 Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge**
**Emerging ACs**
**00-FIS Flight Information Services**
**90-EFB Electronic Flight Bag**

## Evaluation Standards

**1. Exhibits adequate knowledge of aviation weather **
**information by obtaining, reading, and analyzing the **
**applicable items such as—**
**a. weather reports and forecasts.**
**b. pilot and radar reports.**
**c. surface analysis charts.**
**d. radar summary charts.**
**e. significant weather prognostics.**
**f. winds and temperatures aloft.**
**g. freezing level charts.**
**h. stability charts. ...    **
** ****FAA-S-8081-10A **
**Aircraft Dispatcher Practical Test Standards**

## Product Evolution

**As the emergence of new weather products accelerates, training may need to shift from product-centric to application-centric.**
**Guidance must be provided for pilots to assess the suitability, application and integration of weather products to a particular operation.**

## Evolution of Training Materials

**Aeronautical Information Manual **
**ACs, pamphlets, quick reference guides.**
**Online, down-loadable, and/or CD-ROM tutorials, including interactive trainers.**

## Training Uncertainties or Risks

**Product development must include training capabilities (by government or industry, as appropriate).**
**For the benefits of new products to be fully realized, training must provide the ability to integrate with other weather sources to promote sound decisionmaking.**

## The Importance of Training - An Example

**The “Hazardous Misleading     ****	****	****Information” Concept.**
**Airborne Weather Radar**
**The two indications of severe precipitation are...**

## Training Example

**An indication of high reflectivity...**

**MODE**

**RANGE**

- 10

- 20

- 40

- 80

- 160

- TEST

- WxA

- MAP

- Wx

- GAIN

- TILT

- BRT

- ON

- OFF

**POWER**

**80**

- 40

- 80

## Training Example

**Training Example**

**An indication of a void in reflectivity...**

**MODE**

**RANGE**

- 10

- 20

- 40

- 80

- 160

- TEST

- WxA

- MAP

- Wx

- GAIN

- TILT

- BRT

- ON

- OFF

**POWER**

**80**

- 40

- 80

## Implementation does not occur until the user is prepared to use the new technology...

***Training is the key!***