# Presentation: 771804

## Flight Manual Supplements

**Anchorage Aircraft Certification Office**

_**Flight Manual Supplements**_
- Peter Pupator, ACE-115N
- Juneau, AK – Jan. 30, 2003

## Review

- Aircraft Flight Manual (AFM), Pilots Operating Handbook (POH)
- Required by;
- Part 04.4632
- Means shall be provided by which the operating personnel is suitably informed of all operation information and limitations deemed necessary by the Administrator.
- CAR 3.777
- for aircraft over 6,000 lbs (general rule) must have a Flight Manual.
- 14 CFR 23.1581
- Typically manuals are required.
**In some cases PLACARDS are acceptable**
**CHECK THE CERTIFICATION BASIS.**

## Flight Manuals

- What is in a AFM (Part 23 example)
- The flight manual is the way the OEM communicates the limitations and pilot methods (procedures) for operating the aircraft safely.
- The FAA APPROVES the following sections.
- Operating Limitations
- Operating Procedures (Normal & Emergency)
- Loading Information
- Performance Information (may be Accepted in CAR or early Part 23 aircraft)

## Flight Manuals

- What is in a AFM (Part 23 example)
- Operating Limitations
- Airspeed limitations (23.1583(a) –VNE, VA, VFE
- Power plant limitations (23.1581(b), 23.1521)
- Engine / Propeller type
- TO & MC Power limits and times.
- Cylinder head, oil, coolant temperature limits
- Fuel grade or designations.
- Ambient temperature limits.
- Explanations as appropriate.

## Flight Manuals

- What is in a AFM (Part 23 example)
- Power plant limitations (23.1581(b), 23.1521) con’t;
- Information as required for marking of instruments. (23.1549 – 23.1553)
-  normal range – GREEN arc
-  minimum safe operating limit – RED line
-  TO or precautionary range – YELLOW arc.
-  Propeller range limit due to vibration – RED arc or lines.
- Oil quantity indicator (23.1551)
- Fuel quantity indicator (23.1553) – RED line at calibrated zero (level flight with unusable fuel onboard)

## Flight Manuals

- Weight Limitations( Maximum weights – Gross Takeoff, Maximum Landing weights (if less then gross takeoff)
- Center of Gravity Limitation.
- Maneuvers Authorized (Normal, Utility, Acrobatic, Commuter Category – this varies).
- Maneuver Load Factors.
- Minimum Flight Crew.
- Kinds of operation.
- Maximum operating altitude.
- Maximum Passenger seating.
- Allowable lateral fuel loading.
- Baggage and cargo loading.
- System Limitations (AC, bleed air, etc)
- Ambient Temperature (hot & cold if applicable)
- Smoking.
- Types of surface (gravel runway).
- Placards are presented.

## Flight Manuals

- Normal Procedures
- Preflight inspection
- Normal Takeoff
- Significant or unusual flight or ground handling characteristics
- Maximum demonstrated crosswind
- Climb (cowl flaps etc.)
- Cruise
- Rough air flight speeds
- Descent
- Speed and configurations for normal approach and landing (normal/short field)
- Transition for balked landing.
- Shutdown and securing.
- Demonstrated wave height (seaplanes, amphibians)

## Flight Manuals

- Emergency Procedures
- Engine failure at takeoff
- Transition to glide for forced landing.
- Significant or unusual flight or ground handling characteristics
- Engine restarts
- Fire
- One engine inoperative approaches (twins)
- One engine inoperative balked landing (twins)
- Fuel quantity available after pump failure.
- System management after failure. (electrical, vacuum, hydraulic, carb ice)
- Spins

## Flight Manual Supplements

- When do I need a Flight Manual Supplement?
- For Field Approvals
- Contact your ASI regarding information on added systems.
- For STCs
- Check Type Certificate Data Sheet
- Definitely FAR 23 aircraft
- Are you changing aircraft limitations, operating procedures, loading procedures.  Are you changing (or adding) to the APPROVED sections.

## Flight Manual Supplement

- How do I do a Flight Manual Supplement?
- Use aircraft original manual as guide
- Follow the AFM format.
- Only include those parts that are changed in submittal.
- For section (in part or in whole) that are not changed, state – NO CHANGE
- Assign a document number.

## Front Page AFMS

- 	This document serves as an Airplane Flight Manual Supplement or as a Supplemental Airplane Flight Manual for _*Make/Models*_ listed above.  This document must be carried in the airplane at all times when the _*MODIFICATION DESCRIPTION*_ are installed in accordance with Supplemental Type Certificate No.*STC NUMBER*.  The information contained in this document supplements or supersedes the information made available to the operator by the manufacturer in the form of clearly stated placards, markings, or manuals as required by _*CERT REGULATION*_ or in the form of an FAA approved Airplane Flight Manual, only in those areas listed herein.  For limitations, procedures, and performance information not contained in this document, consult the basic placards, markings, or manuals or the basic FAA approved Airplane Flight Manual

- FAA APPROVED:_____________________________________
- 	         Manager, Anchorage Aircraft Certification Office
-   	         Federal Aviation Administration
- 	         Anchorage, Alaska
- Date:  _January 15, 2004_

## Contents AFMS

- Table of Contents
- Revision Page
- Active Page List
- Approval Page

## Example of AFMS

**Example of AFMS**

- Supplement to Limitations Section: Powerplant
- _LIMITATIONS:_
- _ _
- Maneuvers:		The airplane is Limited to NORMAL CATEGORY
- Propeller:		Hartzell Hub Model, HC-C2YR-1BF, with Hartzell Blade Model, F8477-4 (2x)
- 				Maximum Diameter – 	80 inches
- 				Minimum Diameter – 	78 inches
- 				Maximum RPM – 	2700
- 				Maximum HP – 	200
- The propeller must be equipped with the Hartzell Model C-1576 Damper Assembly.
- To maintain proper propeller ground clearance the airplane must be equipped with a FAA approved conventional landing gear or seaplane floats.  Tricycle gear aircraft must be equipped with a Cessna heavy-duty nose strut (or equivalent) and at least a 6.00x6 nose tire.

## Highlights

- Correctly Determine the Cert. Basis of the aircraft & modification.
- All AFMS MUST be APPROVED by the FAA.  No DER (flight test) can approve AFMS!
- Approval is by signature of ACO Manager.
- Send the AFMS (and a copy of the original) manual to the FAA for Approval.  Send a copy on disk (electronic) so FAA can make final changes if required.
- Placards must be contained in AFMS and put on the aircraft as indicated.

## Questions