# Presentation: 528534

## Engine Nacelle Halon Replacement

## PRESENTATION CONTENTS

- REVIEW EQUIVALENCE DATA TO DATE
- HFC-125 SIMULATION
- MINIMUM PERFORMANCE STANDARD TESTING - NOVEC 1230
- DISCUSS STATUS

## REVIEWING EQUIVALENCE DATA TO DATE

| Agent | Ventilation configuration | Fire Threat | Equivalent Concentration (%v/v) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| HFC-125 | High | JP8 spray | 17.5 |
|  |  | JP8 pool | 7.6 |
|  | Low | OIL spray | 16.4 (a) |
|  |  | JP8 pool | 8.1 (a) |
| CF3I
 | High | JP8 spray | 5.6 |
|  |  | JP8 pool | Incomplete |
|  | Low | OIL spray | 7.2 (a, b) |
|  |  | JP8 pool | Incomplete |
| (a) Bracketing method used to find mass equivalent |  |  |  |
| (b) Partial result, JP8 verification incomplete as of November 2005 |  |  |  |

**Notes:**
NOTHING NEW SINCE THE LAST MEETING HERE
REPEATED SHOWING, NO NEED TO LINGER

## REVIEWING EQUIVALENCE DATA TO DATE

| Agent | Fuel | Peak, Critical or Design Concentration (%v/v) | REFERENCE |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| CF3I | PROPANE | 6.5 (p) | NFPA 2001, TABLE A-3-4.3 |
|  | JP8 SPRAY | 3.2 (c) | NIST SP890, V.2, TBL 10, p.115 |
|  | JP8 POOL | 6.8 (c) | NIST SP890, V.2, TBL 10, p.115 |
|  | OIL | 7.2 (d) | FAATC; none; work in progress... |
| HFC-125 | METHANE | 14.7 (p) | NFPA 2001, TABLE A-3-4.3 |
|  | PROPANE | 15.7 (p) | NFPA 2001, TABLE A-3-4.3 |
|  | PROPANE | 12.6 (p) | NIST SP890, V.2, FIG. 41, p.78 |
|  | JP8 SPRAY | 8.7 (c) | NIST SP890, V.2, TBL 10, p.115 |
|  | JP8 POOL | 12 (c) | NIST SP890, V.2, TBL 10, p.115 |
|  | JP8 SPRAY, LoVent | 25.4 (d) | AFRL-VA-WP-TR-1999-3068 |
|  | JP8 SPRAY, HiVent | 18.2 (d) | AFRL-VA-WP-TR-1999-3068 |
|  | JP8 | 17.5 (d) | FAATC; none; work in progress... |

- OTHER REPORTED or CALCULATED CONCENTRATIONS

**Notes:**
NOTHING NEW SINCE THE LAST MEETING HERE
REPEATED SHOWING, NO NEED TO LINGER

## HFC-125 CAN SIMULATE THE DISTRIBUTION OF HALON 1301 IN ENGINE NACELLE COMPARTMENTS

- TECHNICAL NOTE PUBLISHED
- DOT/FAA/AR-TN99/64, “Simulating the Distribution of Halon 1301 in an Aircraft Engine Nacelle With HFC-125”
- INCLUDES BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES
- EXPLAINING THE PHYSICAL REASONING
- TEST CASES
- ADDITIONAL TEST CASE INCLUDED
- DESCRIBES PROCEDURE TO UTILIZE THIS SIMULATION
- TECH NOTE DID NOT ADDRESS AGENT STORAGE TEMPERATURE FOR COLD SOAK EVALUATION DURING CERTIFICATION TESTING
- JAKOB (Ja) NUMBER USED TO ADDRESS THIS SHORTFALL

- HFC-125 SIMULATION

**Notes:**
AS DESCRIBED

## HFC-125 SIMULATION

- JAKOB (Ja) NUMBER(1) :
- A MEASURE OF THE FRACTION OF A LIQUID THAT FLASHES TO VAPOR WHEN DEPRESSURIZED INSTANEOUSLY
- Ja IS A RATIO OF :
- THE DIFFERENCE IN ENTHALPY OF A LIQUID BETWEEN ITS NORMAL BOILING POINT & “AMBIENT” TEMPERATURE
- HEAT OF VAPORIZATION AT THE NORMAL BOILING POINT
- IN LIEU OF EVALUATING THE HEAT CAPACITY BY INTEGRATION, THE NUMERATOR CAN BE DETERMINED BY THERMODYNAMIC TABLE
- (1) Womeldorf, C.A. & Grosshandler, W.L., “Fire Suppression System Performance of Alternative Agents in Aircraft Engine & Dry Bay Laboratory Simulations”, NIST SP890, November 1995, Vol. 2, p.591

**Notes:**
AS DESCRIBED

## TO MATCH THE HFC-125 TEMPERATURE TO -65°F (-54°C) HALON 1301

- DETERMINE Ja OF HALON 1301 AT “AMBIENT” = -65°F (-54°C)
- INSTANT DEPRESSURIZATION OCCURS WITHIN PLUMBING
- PLUMBING WILL TEND TOWARD THE AGENT STORAGE TEMPERATURE
- USE THIS Ja AND SOLVE FOR THE PROPER HFC-125 STORAGE TEMPERATURE
- THERMODYNAMIC INFORMATION IS AVAILABLE FROM THE MANUFACTURER (DuPONT)
- REMAINING PORTIONS OF THE SIMULATION PROTOCOL SHOULD BE FOLLOWED
- FILL THE HALON 1301 BOTTLE WITH A MASS OF HFC-125 = 77% OF THE HALON MASS
- CAPTURE THE GAS DISTRIBUTION TEST AS AN HFC-125 TEST
- EVALUATE THE HFC-125 BEHAVIOR AS YOU WOULD HALON 1301

- HFC-125 SIMULATION

**Notes:**
I DO NOT PROVIDE THE CALCULATED STORAGE TEMPERATURE FOR HFC-125
IF SOMEONE IS GOING TO DO THIS, I WILL WANT TO TALK WITH THEM BECAUSE :
THIS IS AN APPROXIMATION AND REQUIRES AN UNDERSTANDING OF THE TOPIC
SOMEONE OUGHT NOT SIMPLY READ A BULLET WITH HFC-125 TEMPERATURE AND GO TEST WITHOUT UNDERSTANDING THE WEAKNESSES IN THE APPROXIMATION
FYI – HFC-125 SHOULD BE STORED AT -49°F TO LOOK LIKE -65°F H1301 USING THIS SIMULANT PROTOCOL

## HFC-125 SIMULATION

**EXAMPLES FOR **_**USING**_** HFC-125 AS **_**A SIMULANT AND OBTAINING APPROVAL**_** **_**FOR THE HALON 1301**_** NACELLE **_**FIRE SUPPRESSION SYSTEM**_
**FAA/BOEING, SEPTEMBER 2003**
**BOEING 777-300ER**
**GE 90-115B**
**USAF/LOCKHEED MARTIN AEROSPACE, SPRING 2006**
**C-5 (****background on program at**** **_[http://www.airforce-technology.com/projects/c5/](http://www.airforce-technology.com/projects/c5/)_**)**
**GE CF6-80C2**

**Notes:**
2 EXAMPLES THAT HAVE DONE THIS SUCCESSFULLY
THE C-5 HAPPENED A FEW WEEKS AGO; I DO NOT KNOW THE EXACT DATE, BUT IT WAS EITHER LATE MARCH OR EARLY APRIL

## MINIMUM PERFORMANCE STANDARD TESTING - NOVEC 1230

- RUNNING NOVEC 1230 AGAINST THE MINIMUM PERFORMANCE STANDARD FOR ENGINE NACELLE/APU COMPARTMENTS (MPSe)
- TESTING STARTED 11APRIL2006
- AIRBUS, SIEMENS, & 3M SUPPORTING THE PROJECT
- INTENDED AIRFRAME : AIRBUS A350
- IF SUCCESSFUL, OTHER AIRBUS AIRFRAMES MAY BE CONSIDERED FOR THIS MATERIAL
- INERTING GAS CONCENTRATION DATA FOR NOVEC 1230
- REFERENCE NFPA 2001 (2004 EDITION), TABLE A.5.4.3
- METHANE (CH4) = 8.8%v/v
- PROPANE (C3H8) = 8.1%v/v

**Notes:**
SIMPLE STATEMENTS
TESTING JUST STARTED; STILL LEARNING THE STUFF...

## MINIMUM PERFORMANCE STANDARD TESTING - NOVEC 1230

- NACELLE TASK GROUP WILL BE ASKED IN THE NEAR FUTURE FOR COMMENTARY REGARDING THE SPECIFICATION OF THE AGENT DISCHARGE DURATION
- SPECIFICATION IS BASED LOOSELY ON HALON 1301 & CLOSELY ON HFC-125 & CF3I BEHAVIORS
- DURATION = 1.0 +/- 0.5 SEC FROM STORAGE PRESSURE TO 100 PSIG
- THE INTENT OF THE SPECIFICATION WAS/IS TO :
- KEEP THE TEST METHODOLOGY SIMILAR OVER TIME
- TO PREVENT LARGE DISPARITY FROM HALON PERFORMANCE
- WORK WITH BROMOTRIFLUOROPROPENE (2-BTP) IN 2004 :
- SUGGESTED A CONFLICT WITH THE SPECIFICATION
- CONFLICT DID NOT REQUIRE RESOLUTION
- CONFLICT AGAIN APPEARS WITH NOVEC 1230

**Notes:**
THIS SLIDE IS TALKING TO THE ENGINE TASK GROUP...

## MINIMUM PERFORMANCE STANDARD TESTING - NOVEC 1230

**Notes:**
THIS SLIDE IS TALKING TO THE ENGINE TASK GROUP...
PERTINENT DIAGRAM TO UNDERSTAND THE GRAPH ON THE NEXT SLIDE
NOTE THE YELLOW BOXES POINTING OUT 2 SENSORS WHICH ARE REFERENCED IN THE GRAPH ON THE NEXT SLIDE
OBSERVE VENTILATION FLOWPATH THROUGH FIXTURE
NOTE THE 3HP BLOWER WHICH SUPPOSEDLY “SHIELDS” THE HOT WIRE ANEMOMETER (HWA) FROM THE AGENT INJECTION

## MINIMUM PERFORMANCE STANDARD TESTING - NOVEC 1230

- 1 bar = 14.5 psi
- 1 m = 3.28 ft

- QUANTITIES DISCHARGED :
- => 3.6 lbf HALON 1301
- => 8.8 lbf NOVEC 1230
- NOTE VARIATION :
- => IN DISCHARGE DURATION
- => OF HWA BEHAVIOR (FIRE?!)

**Notes:**
THIS SLIDE IS TALKING TO THE ENGINE TASK GROUP...
THE OBJECT OF THIS SLIDE IS TO SHOW THE TASK GROUP MEMBERS SOME BEHAVIOR AND HOPEFULLY GET THEM THINKING ABOUT THIS ISSUE PRIOR TO MY EMAIL TO THEM ABOUT THE DISCUSSION OF AGENT DISCHARGE DURATION
FYI (THIS IS MY QUAGMIRE...)
WHEN H1301 IS INJECTED, THE AIR FLOW THROUGH THE FIXTURE IS DAMPED, AND THE HWA REFLECTS THE TEMPORARY “BLOCKAGE” DURING THE AGENT INJECTION
NOTE, AGENT INJECTION IS PERPENDICULAR TO OR COUNTERCURRENT TO THE AIR FLOW (TRYING TO ELIMINATE FLAME STRAIN PHENOMENA FROM EXTINGUISHING THE FIRE)
PROBLEMS=>
NOVEC 1203 IS LARGER MASS COMPARED TO HALON 1301 (2-3X)
NOVEC STORAGE VOL IN FIREX IS 5-6X LARGER (MORE N2 DISCHARGING)
NOVEC IS CHANGING PHASE AFTER LEAVING ITS NOZZLES (LIQ=>GAS)

## CURRENT STATUS

- NEED TO COMPLETE :
- NOVEC 1230 MPSe TESTING
- DRAFT MPSe & OBTAIN COMMENT FROM TASK GROUP
- HFC-125 OVER-PRESSURE CHARACTERIZATION
- CF3I MPSe TESTING
- WRITE/PUBLISH REPORT & MPSe
- MPSe TO BE APPENDIX MATERIAL IN FINAL REPORT
- REPORT BODY TO DESCRIBE HISTORY & LESSONS LEARNED
- DRAFT REPORT DUE SEP 2006

**Notes:**
STATUS...
THE END

THANK YOU VERY MUCH, DAVE.