# Presentation: 524088

## Col Dan Stockton, USAFSystem Program Director, IPOMr Dave Ryan, VPProgram Director, NGST

**Col Dan Stockton, USAF****System Program Director, IPO****Mr Dave Ryan, VP****Program Director, NGST**

**American Meteorological Society****                        2007****Third Symposium: ****Future National Operational Environmental Satellite Systems**

## Colonel Dan Stockton

**Development and production of the $11.5B NPOESS Program**
**22 Years of Acquisition Experience in satellites, space launch and aircraft as well as staff and Headquarters experience **
**Program Manager, Atlas V launch vehicle **
**GPS User Equipment Manager; later, Chief, Integrated Systems Test; later GPS Program Element Monitor at the Air Staff**
**B-2 Operational Capabilities and Avionics Program Manager**
**Staff tours at Headquarters Air Force Materiel Command, National Reconnaissance Office, and the Air Staff**
**B.S. Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology**
**Master’s of Systems Management, University of Southern California**

**Colonel Dan Stockton**
**NPOESS IPO**
**System Program Director**

## 29 years of satellite design, development, and operations experience
TRW
Communications systems engineering
Satellite payload systems engineering
Satellite system integration and test

President, Boeing Satellite Systems International

Northrop GrummanV.P. Payloads and Sensors

B.S. and M.E.E ., Electrical Engineering, Rice University

**TRW**
**Communications systems engineering**
**Satellite payload systems engineering**
**Satellite system integration and test**
**President, Boeing Satellite Systems International**
**Northrop Grumman****V.P. Payloads and Sensors**
**B.S. and M.E.E ., Electrical Engineering, Rice University**

**Dave Ryan**
**VP & NPOESS Program Director**
**Northrop Grumman**

## Col Dan Stockton, USAFSystem Program Director, IPOMr Dave Ryan, VPProgram Director, NGST

**Col Dan Stockton, USAF****System Program Director, IPO****Mr Dave Ryan, VP****Program Director, NGST**

**American Meteorological Society****                        2007****Third Symposium: ****Future National Operational Environmental Satellite Systems**

## Nowcasting, Forecasting
Routine weather, disasters, military ops
Imagers, sounders, [active and passive]

**Weather, Oceanography**
**Clouds, temperature, wind, precipitation, currents, tides, land use  **

_**Nowcasting, Forecasting**_
**Routine weather, disasters, military ops**
**Imagers, sounders, [active and passive]**

**NPOESS****Environmental Regimes**

** **

**Space Weather**
**Energetic Particles and Auroral Energy Deposition**

_**Solar Event Forecast**_
**Communication, navigation, anomaly resolution**
**Energetic particle sensors (protons and electrons)**

**Climate, Environment**
**Chemistry, water, pollution, etc**

_**Long Term Monitoring**_
**Planetary implications**
**Radiometers, spectrometers, sounders [active and passive]**

## Top requirements

**Operational Needs**

** **

**Soil moisture**

**Army**

** **

**Sea surface winds and temperature**

**Navy / NOAA**

** **

**Atmospheric vertical temperature and moisture soundings**

**NOAA**

** **

**Air Force**

**Imagery**

**Six Key Performance Parameters **

## Current Polar Orbiting Systems

**Current Polar Orbiting Systems**

## NPOESS Certified Program

**NPOESS Certified Program**

**2 EMD Satellites plus 2 Optional (2010 decision) **
**Bus sized to carry all sensors**
**VIIRS, CrIS, ATMS, CERES, OMPS-N, SEM, ADCS,****SARSAT remain**
**APS, TSIS, OMPS-L, ****ERBS, Alt, SuS, SESS****de-manifested from C1****& C2 [accommodation****remains]**
** **
**CMIS deleted from C1 &****C2 [MIS planned for C2]**
**Ground architecture****essentially unchanged**

**Continuity, Flexibility, Affordable Advanced Capability**

## Orbit Priorities

**Continuity of Operational Data Sources is the Top Priority**

**Afternoon [13:30 LTAN]  **
**NOAA top priority**
**Critical input [>90%] for worldwide weather forecast models**
**Product Examples:**
**Northern coverage [Alaska for cloud, fire, and volcano detection]**
**Tactical air, sea, and ground operations **
** ****IR and Micro-wave temperature and moisture profiles **
**Tracks size and location of Ozone hole**
** ****Measures radiation threat to airline passengers and astronauts**
** ****Impact on space-based communications and GPS operations**** **
**Early Morning [17:30 LTAN]**
**AF priority**
**Critical input for global cloud forecast models**
**Product Examples: **
**Supports short term forecast models**
**Traditional support to Intelligence Community mission**
**Tactical support to air, sea, and ground operations**
**Hurricane intensity and accuracy at landfall**
**Mid Morning [21:30 LTAN]**
**Enhances worldwide forecast models**
**Supports short term forecast products**

## Concept of Operations Unchanged

**1. Sense phenomena**

**2. Downlink raw data**

**3. Transport data to Centrals for processing**

**4. Process raw data into EDRs and deliver to Centrals**

**Monitor and control Satellites**
**and Ground Elements**

- X and L
- bands

- Ka-band

**Field Terminals**

**SafetyNet****TM**** Receptors**

**Global fiber network connects 15 receptors to Centrals**

**Full IDP Capability at each Central NESDIS, AFWA, FNMOC, NAVO**

**MMC (Suitland)**

**Schriever MMC**

**Concept of Operations ****Unchanged**

## NOAA Satellite Operations Facility

***NPP C3 Integrated Hardware and Software delivered to and tested at NSOF and other operational sites 2 months early and on cost!***

** ****13:30 [VIIRS, CrIS, ATMS, SARSAT, ADCS, CERES, OMPS-N, SEM]**
** ****Advanced imager & sounders**
** ****Conical microwave imager/sounder on C3**
** ****17:30 [VIIRS, MIS, SARSAT, ADCS]**
** ****Advanced cloud imagery**
** ****DMSP SSMI/S available for sea surface wind speed**
** **
** ****09:30 [assigned to MetOp] **
** ****Cloud imagery capability with AVHRR **
** ****DMSP available for additional cloud imagery, sea surface wind speed**
** ****Potential for latency improvement**
** ****Advanced atmospheric sounders**
** ****Scatterometer for ocean winds and waves**

**Provides Advanced Weather****Forecasting Capability ****Improvements**

**Notes:**
DoD is not only dependent on data from DMSP in the 0530 and 0930 orbit for direct military support but also the NOAA POES the 1330 orbit for data into both DOC and DoD global NWP models which form the basis of every DoD weather forecast
NCEP statistics show roughly a 25% improvement in forecast accuracy attributable to over 150M observations/day from polar orbiters
POES and DMSP are not only crucial for weather forecasting but for oceanography, space weather, short and long term climate science, emergency search and rescue, data retrieval from remote environmental observing sensors, and ozone monitoring.  Interruption in these missions have broad reaching implications including failure of the USG to meet international treaty obligations
Removal of the either microwave or Infrared sounders from the polar orbiters will significantly degrade 1-3 day hurricane forecasts 15% of the time (JCSDA Study).  Result: on average, 2-3 Atlantic hurricanes forecasts per year will be substantially erroneous
USN is particularly susceptible to tropical storms both in the Atlantic and around the world.  Errors in hurricane forecasts lead to incorrect resource protection actions at the major naval ports.  Fleet sorties cost millions.  
Polar satellites provide key role in storm center location, track and intensity forecasts especially in the Pacific and Indian Ocean regions.  
$7M savings from one accurate hurricane forecast that allowed USN to avoid fleet sortie from Norfolk
Reliance on DMSP is even more critical in the Pacific basin where vast expanses of ocean make manned weather reconnaissance flights impractical

DMSP high spatial resolution is used for short term target weather forecast needed for aircraft weapons load out, mission execution and recovery operations.  DoD precision guided munitions have weather sensitivities which, if not forecasted, can cause guidance failure, mission failure and heavy collateral damage. 

POES and DMSP are the only platforms for monitoring space weather conditions in LEO which impacts spacecraft operations, astronaut safety, and the location of the aurora which is critical to navigation, communications, and national missile defense

** ****1330 [VIIRS, CrIS, CERES, OMPS-N****,**** ATMS, SARSAT, ADCS, SEM]**
** ****Column ozone, Earth radiation and cloud observations**
** ****1730 [VIIRS, MIS, SARSAT, ADCS]**
** ****Advanced cloud imagery**
** ****2130 orbit provided by MetOp [AVHRR, IASI, GOME] **
** ****Cloud imagery, column ozone and trace gases**
** ****Orbits maintained with no drift in local time**
** ****Data base timing continuity**
** ****Full capacity satellite bus and ground segments to accommodate future**
**  ****sensors including: MIS, APS, TSIS, OMPS-L, ERBS, Alt, and SESS**

**Provides Climate Data ****Continuity**

**Notes:**
DoD is not only dependent on data from DMSP in the 0530 and 0930 orbit for direct military support but also the NOAA POES the 1330 orbit for data into both DOC and DoD global NWP models which form the basis of every DoD weather forecast
NCEP statistics show roughly a 25% improvement in forecast accuracy attributable to over 150M observations/day from polar orbiters
POES and DMSP are not only crucial for weather forecasting but for oceanography, space weather, short and long term climate science, emergency search and rescue, data retrieval from remote environmental observing sensors, and ozone monitoring.  Interruption in these missions have broad reaching implications including failure of the USG to meet international treaty obligations
Removal of the either microwave or Infrared sounders from the polar orbiters will significantly degrade 1-3 day hurricane forecasts 15% of the time (JCSDA Study).  Result: on average, 2-3 Atlantic hurricanes forecasts per year will be substantially erroneous
USN is particularly susceptible to tropical storms both in the Atlantic and around the world.  Errors in hurricane forecasts lead to incorrect resource protection actions at the major naval ports.  Fleet sorties cost millions.  
Polar satellites provide key role in storm center location, track and intensity forecasts especially in the Pacific and Indian Ocean regions.  
$7M savings from one accurate hurricane forecast that allowed USN to avoid fleet sortie from Norfolk
Reliance on DMSP is even more critical in the Pacific basin where vast expanses of ocean make manned weather reconnaissance flights impractical

DMSP high spatial resolution is used for short term target weather forecast needed for aircraft weapons load out, mission execution and recovery operations.  DoD precision guided munitions have weather sensitivities which, if not forecasted, can cause guidance failure, mission failure and heavy collateral damage. 

POES and DMSP are the only platforms for monitoring space weather conditions in LEO which impacts spacecraft operations, astronaut safety, and the location of the aurora which is critical to navigation, communications, and national missile defense

## Global Earth Observation System of Systems [GEOSS]

**A top National Priority**
**An Emerging International Priority**
**Provides Political Legitimacy**** **
**Enhances International Collaboration**

**NPOESS will be a major U.S. contributor to GEOSS**

## NPOESS Supports All GEOSS 

**Societal Benefit Areas**

**Natural & Human Induced Disasters**

**Human Health & Well-Being**

**Energy Resources**

**Climate Variability & Change**

**Water Resources**

**Ecosystems**

**Sustainable ****Agriculture & Desertification**

**Oceans**

**Notes:**

A coordinated Earth observation system is an excellent example of science serving society.  

Rather than building observation systems for a specific application and adapting it to other uses as we have in the past, we are now looking at an integrated approach focused on these nine societal benefit areas:
Weather Forecasting   
Reduce Loss of Life and Property from Disasters
Protect and Monitor Our Ocean Resources 
Understand, Assess, Predict, Mitigate, and Adapt to  Climate Variability and Change
Support Sustainable Agriculture and Combat Land Degradation
Understand the Effect of Environmental Factors on Human Health and Well-Being
Develop the Capacity to Make Ecological Forecasts Protect and Monitor Water Resources
Monitor and Manage Energy Resources

## Advanced Cloud ImageryImproves Interpretation

** **

**Smoke**
**Plume**

** **

**Contrails**

**True Color**

**NRL**
**Process**

**Dust **
**Fronts**

**                      ****Microwave**
** **
**Precip                         Winds**

**Tough Problems Solved**

**Advanced Cloud Imagery****Improves Interpretation**

## NPOESS Provides

**Higher Spatial Resolution**

**Tenerife Island****Canary Islands****February 19, 2004**
**POES: 11:22 GMT**
**(NOAA – 17)**
**NPOESS: 14:05 GMT**
**(Simulated from Aqua MODIS)**

## Advanced Soundings Result in Better Forecasts

**Advanced Soundings Result ****in Better Forecasts**

** **

**Produces Global Forecast**

** **

**Where is Isabel headed?**

**Nat’l Hurricane Center****                                                **

**All forecasts start with a global model**

- Temperature and moisture profiles

## NPOESS Flight Schedule

**F17**

**F19**

**F18**

**F20**

**F16**

**F13**

**M**

**N**

**N’**

**NPP**

**MetOp A**

**MetOp B**

**MetOp C**

**C1**

**C2**

**C3**

**AM**

**Mid****AM**

**PM**

**AQUA**

**MetOp D**

**C4**

**CALENDAR YEAR**

**NPOESS and METOP team up to replace Heritage Systems**

## NPOESS Preparatory Project IPO-NASA Cooperative Program

**Data continuity for NASA’s EOS Terra/Aqua/Aura ****missions **
**Instrument risk reduction**
**Early delivery / instrument-level test / system-level integration and test**
**Provides lessons learned and allows time for any ****required modifications before NPOESS first launch**
**VIIRS - Vis/IR Imager Radiometer Suite (IPO)**
**CrIS - Cross-track IR Sounder (IPO)**
**ATMS - Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (NASA)**
**OMPS – Ozone Mapping and Profile Suite (IPO)**
**Ground System risk reduction**
**Early delivery and test of a subset of NPOESS-like ****ground system elements**
**Early User Evaluation of NPOESS data products**
**Provides algorithms / instrument verification and opportunities for instrument calibration / validation prior to first NPOESS launch**
**Allows for algorithm modification prior to first NPOESS launch**

## NPOESS Status

**VIIRS ****EDU **
**Being Integrated on NPP S/C**
**Completed Vibration Testing**
**TVAC testing anomaly resolution underway**
**VIIRS Flight Unit**
**Completed Characterization Tests**
**Ambient & EMI tests begin 2Q CY07**
**TVAC to begin by end of CY07**

**CrIS Instrument (ITT)**

**VIIRS EDU in Thermal Vac Chamber (SBRS)**

**CrIS EDU**** **
**Completed**
**Verified performance**
**CrIS Flight Unit**
**Vibe test failure under investigation**
**Unit Disassembled**
**Subsystem Testing Underway**
**Rework anticipated**
**One Year Slack to NPP Need Date**

**OMPS Flight Nadir Instrument**
**Sensor Integrated**
**Ambient Testing Completed**
**Vibration Testing Completed**
**Vibe test anomaly resolved**
**TVAC re-test considered**
**Re-start ATP imminent**

**OMPS  Instrument (BATC)**

**Significant Progress Retiring Sensor Development Risks **

## NPOESS Status

**Command and Control facilities  installed – passed acceptance test**
**Central facility (NSOF) occupancy**
**Significant processing latency risk reduction achieved**

**NSOF Operations Facility Completed**

**Spacecraft Bus (NGST)**
**Risk Reduction achieved--Healthy mass and power margins**
**Preliminary Design Audit Updates Completed Nov 06**
**Unit designs progressing**

**Complex Common Modulator**

**Input/output Brass board**

**NPOESS Status**

**Spacecraft and Ground—Meeting Cost & Schedule Objectives**

## The Way Ahead

**Certification re-validated the national security need for NPOESS**
**Stakeholders unanimous – “No operational data gap” is top priority**
**Flying NPOESS Preparatory Project on schedule is key**
**Program plan for the future**
** ****Technical baseline understood **
** ****Detailed planning complete**
** ****Baseline in place Spring ’07**
** ****FY 2010 Program decision point for C3 and C4**

**We are developing a detailed and executable plan for the future**

**Notes:**
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