# Presentation: 761685

## Diabatic heating 2002-2009 

***Monin vs. cmip6***
***Monin GFS without changes to vertical diffusion***
***CMIP6 GFS***
***CMIP6-Monin effect of changes in vertical diffusion***
- 	Glenn.White@noaa.gov

## Zonal mean diabatic heating

- Reducing vertical diffusion reduces deep heating in tropics, heating in boundary layer

***Zonal mean diabatic heating***

## Effects of reducing vertical diffusion

- Convective heating

- Shallow convection

- Large-scale heating

- Vertical diffusion

## Reducing vertical diffusion increases clouds above tropical boundary layer, enhancing cooling there

- Short wave

- Long wave

- Clouds

## Reducing vertical diffusion lowers tropical convection

## Reducing vertical diffusion decreases shallow convection by less than 10%

## Reducing vertical diffusion causes more cooling between 700 and 900, more heating near surface

## Reducing vertical diffusion reduces large scale heating in extratropics, increases large scale cooling in lower tropical troposphere

## Changes opposite to and less than changes in long wave

## More long wave cooling 500-700, less above and below

## Reducing vertical diffusion reduces high level clouds and increases low level clouds over polar regions, increases clouds 500-700 hPa 50S-50N 

- Reducing vertical diffusion reduces high level clouds and increases low level clouds over polar regions, increases clouds 500-700 hPa 50S-50N

- Non-convective clouds

## West Pacific convective heating

- Reducing vertical diffusion concentrates heating at equator

## East Pacific convective heating

- Reducing vertical diffusion reduces heating at equator

## Reducing vertical diffusion intensifies convection in storm tracks

## Reducing vertical diffusion shifts convection from east to west Pacific at equator

- Equator

- Equator

## Reducing vertical diffusion intensifies convection in storm track.

## Slide 17

## 2 strong ENSOs in monin, one ENSO (early) in CMIP6

- With time, CMIP6 develops more convection in west Pacific

## West Pacific

- East Pacific

- CMIP6 increasingly more convection in west Pacific near equator, less in east Pacific near equator; shifts in latitude as well

## Reducing vertical diffusion concentrates convection at equator in west Pacifc, moves convection away from equator in east Pacific, tends to reduce convection at 400.

## Reducing vertical diffusion tends to increase convection at 700, shifts convection away from equator in east Pacific

## Reducing vertical diffusion reduces heating due to vertical diffusion at 700.

## Reducing vertical diffusion increases cooling over ocean , heating over land due to vertical diffusion at 850

## Reducing vertical diffusion shifts convective heating to lower levels in tropics, away from equatorial east Pacific

***Reducing vertical diffusions creates slightly more clouds, more radiative cooling 500-700 in tropics***
***Reducing vertical diffusion lowers but doesn’t weaken heating due to vertical diffusion***

## Reduced vertical diffusion reduced ENSO episodes—coincidence?

***Reduced vertical diffusion reduced ENSO episodes—coincidence?***

## Reduced vertical diffusion reduces precip along equator in east Pacific and increases it to west and to north and south

***Reduced vertical diffusion reduces precip along equator in east Pacific and increases it to west and to north and south***

## CFS

***CFS***

***GFS***

*CMAP*

***GFS-CFS***

## Precipitation 2.5S-2.5N CMAP

***Precipitation 2.5S-2.5N CMAP***

## CFS

***CFS***

***GFS***

## GFS-CFS

***GFS-CFS***

## 3 mm/day

***Precipitation tropical east Pacific***
***GFS gives stronger El Ninos than CFS, but not as strong as CMAP nor as far east as CMAP***

***3 mm/day***

***6 mm/day***