# Presentation: 531257

## Overview of Aero-Space Technology Programs 

**Rich Christiansen**
**Director, Programs**
**Office of Aero-Space Technology**

- Phase-out of AST

- Termination of HSR

- Institutional Implications

- Technology Implications

- Partnership Implications

- Programs Proposed for FY2000

- Evolving to an Aero-Space Base

*Formulating the FY2001 Program*

## Market and Policy DriversThe World Since 1990...

- •

- Market and Policy DriversThe World Since 1990...

- U.S. share

- of civil

- transports

- below 70%

- •

- •

- Boeing & McDonnell-

- Douglas announce

- merger

- • US Airline balance sheets in the black

- •

- Lockheed &

- Martin- Marietta

- announce

- merger

## Phasing Out the AST Program

**Advanced Subsonic Technology (AST)**
**Early initiation (FY94) with some new money**
**High technology markets/boost to economy**
**Aviation industry in downturn**
**Change in Administration Perspectives**
**Driven by Balanced Budget Agreement =>Agency budget caps**
**Criticism of affordability objectives and benefit to the public (vis manufacturers)**

## AST Phaseout

- AST
- Safety comp. 9/98
- Environment
- General Aviation
- Reduced Seat Cost

- AST
- Safety
- Environment
- Capacity
- Economic
- Affordability
- 	•
- 	•

- AST
- Aging A/C
- Noise Reduction
- TAP
- AATT
- Integrated Wing
- Propulsion
- CTR
- Tech Integration
- Envir. Assessment
- Composites
- General Aviation

- * ReCAT - Reduced Cost of Air Travel

**FY 99 IAR**

**FY 98 IAR**

**FY 97 IAR**

- AST
- Safety
- Environment
- Reduced Seat Cost
- ReCAT
- 	•
- 	•
- Aviation Capacity

- AST
- Safety
- Environment
- General Aviation
- Reduced Seat Cost

- R&T Base
- Noise red.
- General Aviation
- UEET
- Emissions red.
- Envir. Asssmnt

**FY 00**

- Program
- Termination

## Termination Of HSR Program

**High Speed Research (HSR)**
**Phase II initiated (FY94) with new money**
**High technology markets/boost to economy**
**Potential to capture billions in market share **
**Change in Business Case for HSCT**
**While significant reductions made in technology risk, projected launch date extended additional 10 years**
**Impetus for Boeing investment at current rate curtailed**
**Health of Subsonic Market/No Foreign Competition**
**Change in Administration Perspectives**
**Driven by Balanced Budget Agreement =>Agency budget caps**
**Shift in long-term investment priorities (Space)**

## High-Speed Civil TransportTechnical Development Timeline

- High-Speed Civil TransportTechnical Development Timeline

**NASA**

**Industry**

**Decision Points**
**1. Decision to proceed with the remainder of Phase IIA**
**     ****(technology feasibility)**

**HSR Phase I**

**HSR Phase II**

**HSR Phase IIA**
**Requirements Phase**

**2. Decision to proceed with an airframe follow-on**
**    ****Program (propulsion technology success)**

**HSR Phase IIA**

**Propulsion Focus**

**Airframe Focus**

**Propulsion/Airframe**
**Technology Readiness**

**Propulsion/Airframe**
**Technology Readiness**

**Engineering/Manufacturing**
**Readiness**

**Product Development**

**1990**

**2000**

**2005**

**2010**

**2015**

**2020**

**1995**

**2025**

***TERMINATED***

**Propulsion Focus**
**$500M**

**Preliminary Design and Industry Technology Development**

## Institutional Implications

**Redeployment of workforce**
**Sustain inhouse workforce -> no RIF**
**Shift from traditional aeronautics activities **
**Attempt to quell erosion of core competencies**
**Significant reduction in contract workforce**
**Potential loss of key facilities**
**Worsens serious backlog in maintenance**
**Threatens additional reduction in operations, potential closures**
**Likelihood of rehabilitation/modernization of aging facilities more remote**

## Aero-Dollar Expentitures for Research Centers

- R&PM

- CofF

- R&D

- R&D
- Support

- Net
- R&D

- Boeing
- GE
- PW

- Top Ten Companies
- Or Alliances
- By Total Contract
- Obligations

- FY99

- 58% inhouse

## Aero-Dollar Expentitures for Research Centers

- R&PM

- R&D

- R&D
- Support

- Net
- R&D

- Boeing,GE,PW

- Top Ten Companies
- Or Alliances
- By Total Contract
- Obligations

- FY00

- CofF

- 73% inhouse

## Technology Implications

**Vehicle Technologies **
**Decimates research in traditional performance disciplines ****(aerodynamics, structures & materials, propulsion)**
**No focus on reduced CO****2**** emissions**

## Vehicle Technologies Decimated

**Environmental and Vehicle Technology**

**HSR II**

**HSR IIA**

- > -70%

## Technology Implications

**Vehicle Technologies **
**Decimates research in traditional performance disciplines ****(aerodynamics, structures & materials, propulsion)**
**No focus on reduced CO****2**** emissions**
**Atmospheric Research**
**Virtually eliminates focus on aviation effects**
**Marginal influence in on-going science activities**

## Atmospheric Research Impacted

_***FY00 Budget and Revisions***_
*** ***
- _	__	__Planned Budget:_ 	_Revised Budget:_
- AESA:		$ 2.3 M 		$ 0.5 M (SOLVE campaign)
- SASS:
-  ongoing NRA’s		$ 4.7 M 		$ 3.5 M
-  field mission		$ 2.6 M		$ 0
- Total:		$ 9.6 M		$ 4.0 M

## Technology Implications

**Vehicle Technologies **
**Decimates research in traditional performance disciplines ****(aerodynamics, structures & materials, propulsion)**
**No focus on reduced CO****2**** emissions**
**Atmospheric Research**
**Virtually eliminates focus on aviation effects**
**Marginal influence in on-going science activities**
**Noise Reduction**
**No significant research beyond FY2002**

## Partnership Implications

**FAA/EPA**
**Deep concern due to reliance on NASA’s ability to support their research and analyses**
**US leadership in International policy at risk**
**DoD**
**Loss of available National expertise for problem-solving in developmental or operational systems**
**Loss of key long-term, high risk vehicle & propulsion R&D**
**Industry **
**Sustaining sufficient engineering expertise for future development programs**
**Potential for lengthening gaps in technology transfer**
**Universities**

## Programs Proposed for FY2000

**Ultra Efficient Engine Technology**
**New Focused Program**

- Sustains inhouse aeropropulsion core competencies
- Preserves some facilities operations
- Continues research momentum on reduced NOX
- No Noise Reduction
- Falls short on system validation and user involvement

## UEET Augments Remaining Vehicle  Technology Investment 

**Environmental and Vehicle Technology**

- UEET

- FY99 runout level
- W/HSR

- FY00 runout level
- W/UEET

## Programs Proposed for FY2000

**Synthetic Vision Project**
**Augmenting Aviation Safety Program**

- Sustains basic Flight Deck research from HSR
- Increases number of concepts selected under previous NRA
- Accelerates technology validation
- Added research support for certification

## Evolving to an Aero-Space Base

**Everyone has demanded it**
**Administrator, Administration (OMB), Congress...**

- Not just moving money from one pot to another
- Not just more hypersonics
- It’s drawing on the technical and managerial experience from decades of basic and applied research in Aeronautics
- Sustains and augments basic research aimed towards Agency priorities

## Integrating Aero & Space R&T

## Airframe Systems Base Transition to Aero-Space

**Primary**

**Secondary**

**Support**

## Revolutionary Concepts (RevCon)

**Revitalizes advanced concept studies within context of Goals**

- Competitive solicitations drawn from entire community with cost-sharing as a key multiplier
- Identify innovations early
- Accelerate development and inserts reality of flight
- Adds **excitement** to the overall program

## Formulating the FY2001 Program

**Tactical considerations for gaining ground on strategic goal roadmaps**
**Noise & Emissions **
**Friendly Skies Initiative --> a planning framework for multiple programs/projects**
**Success will be highly dependant on Administration’s view of criticality and need for a National Policy (local air quality & noise) and for US Leadership in International Policy (Global Warming)**
**Best opportunity to revitalize traditional disciplinary work**
**Only opportunity to sustain noise reduction or contrails research beyond FY2001**
**Substantial involvement of industry, FAA, and others**
**Also, move closer to DoD for support with propulsion and their growing noise and NO****X**** issues **

## Potential Contributions Toward Emissions Goals and Related Programs

**Potential Contributions Toward Emissions Goals and Related Programs**

**Emissions Percent Reduction**

**Full-Up Friendly Skies**

**Current AST Emissions Program**
**(NO****X ****Only)**

**UEET Program**

***25 Year NOX Goal***

- Innovative Airframe CO2 reduction technology development can also improve total NOX reduction

***25 Year CO******2****** Goal***

**“****Mini” Friendly Skies**

## POTENTIAL REDUCTION IN CO2 EMISSIONS

## Potential Reduction in Noise

**Operations**

**Fan**

**Core**

**Exhaust**

**Liners**

**PAI**

**Weight**

**Aerodynamics**

**Precision trajectories**

**Prec. ground tracks**

**5 dB**

**8 dB**

**4 dB**

**Impact/Effects**

**5 dB AST**

**2 dB Ops**

**3 dB source**

**Operations**

**Airframe Noise**

**Flap**

**Slat**

**Gear**

## Formulating the FY2001 Program

**Tactical considerations for gaining ground on strategic goal roadmaps**
**Safety & General Aviation ****(Doorstep to destination, **_***safely***_**)**
**Safe, Small Aircraft Transportation System (SSATS) Initiative (also, Highway in the Sky (HITS) --> a planning framework for multiple programs/projects**
**Recent public attention given to the safety side of General Avaition provides a favorable environment for advocacy**
**DOT/FAA and States driven by public accessibility to air travel and economic benefits of improved access**
**Builds on AGATE experience, extending advanced vehicle technologies and beginning emphasis on infrastructure**

## Policy, Technology & Partnership Lessons

**Policy Lessons:**
**Long development programs are inherently unstable**
**The consolidation of Aeronautics industry will remain a challenging counter-argument against NASA**
**The more controversial and complex a program is, the more difficult it is to sustain support**
**Technology Lessons:**
**Hard jobs stimulate breakthrough technologies**
**Technology development benefits from focused requirement**
**Spin-off technologies (i.e., multiple use) has to be a criteria early in the requirements phase**
**Partnership Lessons:**
**Markets drive business decisions --> expect industry commitments to change over time**
**Other government agencies are subject to policy changes, as well as NASA --> and not necessarily uniform**

## Summary

**Safety**
**Short**
**Snappy**
**Synergy**
**Support**

*Colorado Springs*