# Presentation: 272487

## SRS Data and the SciSIP Initiative

- National Science Foundation

- Division of Science Resources Statistics

- Lynda T. Carlson
- Division Director
- SBE Advisory Committee
- November 8, 2007
- National Science Foundation
- Division of Science Resources Statistics (SRS)
- www.nsf.gov/statistics

## With SciSIP funding SRS has underway significant improvement/Expansion Activities to enhance the comparability, scope and availability of data on the Science and Engineering enterprise.

- National Science Foundation

- Division of Science Resources Statistics

**With SciSIP funding SRS has underway significant improvement/Expansion Activities to enhance the comparability, scope and availability of data on the Science and Engineering enterprise.**
**Why?**

## Industry R&D Context: Then and Now

_**1950s**_
- Government largest source of R&D $$$
- Business largest basic research performer
- Manufacturing
- Large companies dominate R&D $$$
- Domestic focus
- Focus on in-firm S&T resources (central research labs)

_**2000s**_
- Business largest source of R&D $$$
- Academia largest basic research performer
- Services
- Large companies not as dominant
- Global focus
- Increased leveraging of S&T resources outside the firm

- National Science Foundation

- Division of Science Resources Statistics

## Academic R&D:  Then and Now

_**1970s**_
- Government largest source of R&D $$$; state government and institution own funds ~10% each
- Research at the bench
- Single discipline focus
- Life sciences ~50%;
- 	physical sciences ~11%;
- 	social sciences ~8%
- Individual PI research
- Individual labs
- Basic research and publications

_**2000s**_
- Government still largest source; relative decline in state government; large growth in institution own funds (cost sharing)
- Computer & IT assisted research
- Increase in multi- and interdisciplinary research
- Life sciences ~60%;
- 	physical sciences ~8%;
- 	social sciences ~4%
- Increase in collaborative research
- Growth in centers
- Interest in commercialization (Bayh-Dole Act; patents; IP; technology transfer)

- National Science Foundation

- Division of Science Resources Statistics

## S&E Higher Education: Then and Now

_**1970s**_
- Disciplinary focus
- U.S. a world leader in higher education
- Students predominantly white and majority male
- Predominantly U.S. citizen students and postdocs
- Public and Private non-profit campus based degree programs

_**2000s**_
- Greater interdisciplinary focus
- Growth in higher education abroad
- Greater racial/ethnic diversity and higher proportion of female students
- Increase in foreign students and foreign postdocs
- Growth of for-profit institutions and online programs

- National Science Foundation

- Division of Science Resources Statistics

## S&E Workforce: Then and Now

_**2000s**_
- Workers in S&E occupations larger proportion of total workforce
- Those with S&E degrees and skills work in a wide variety of S&E and non-S&E occupations
- Great increase in collaborative and multi-disciplinary work
- Increase in proportion of foreign-born/minority/female workers
- Greater competition from other countries in attracting S&E talent
- S&E workers making frequent moves across sectors, jobs, economies

- National Science Foundation

- Division of Science Resources Statistics

_**1960s**_
- Workers in S&E occupations a small proportion of total workforce
- Individuals with S&E degrees and skills primarily work in S&E occupations
- Individuals primarily work within a single discipline
- S&E workforce predominantly U.S.-born/white/male
- U.S. a leader in attracting S&E talent from all over the world
- Mobility of S&E workers (across sectors, jobs, economies) is limited

## SRS Improvement/Expansion Activities and SciSIP

- National Science Foundation

- Division of Science Resources Statistics

**SRS Improvement/Expansion Activities and SciSIP**
- Some activities accelerated or expanded to support SciSIP:
- 	-  Redesigning the Industry R&D Survey
- 	-  Working with the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) to develop an
- 	    R&D satellite account
- 	-	Working to improve information about those in postdoctorate
- 		 positions
- 	-	Exploring approaches to gathering information on innovation
- 	-	Redesigning the Academic Research and Development Survey
- 	-  Adding a Field of Degree question to the American Community 	Survey
- 	-  Exploring issues and approaches for surveys of the federal sector 	R&D
- 	-  Exploring ways of collecting information about the interdisciplinary 	and collaborative nature of S&E jobs

## SRS Improvement/Expansion Activities and SciSIP (cont’d)

- National Science Foundation

- Division of Science Resources Statistics

**SRS Improvement/Expansion Activities and SciSIP (cont’d)**
-   Establishing ongoing Experts Panels in major topical areas:  Industry,
-    	Human Resources and Academic R&D
-   Exploring the feasibility of linking SRS data with other data sets to 	increase the relevance of SRS data for SciSIP issues
-   Exploring the feasibility of collecting SciSIP relevant information 	from non-profit institutions
-   Improving the usability, coverage and data quality of the Survey of 	Graduate Students and Postdoctorates.
-   Holding many workshops with data users on specific S&E issues               	related to SRS data

## SRS International Data Improvement Efforts

- National Science Foundation

- Division of Science Resources Statistics

**SRS International Data Improvement Efforts**
- Working with OECD/NESTI on the **development of new S&T indicators**
-    to better reflect the global knowledge economy
- Working with U.S. PTO, OECD, European and Japanese Patent Offices and    the World International Patent Office to build a **high-value patents  database**
- Working with OECD, UNESCO/UIS, and the EU/Eurostat to improve the quality of **internationally comparable education, workforce and mobility data as well as continually improving R&D data**
- Participating in OECD/Chinese project to map the Innovation System of China