# Presentation: 222006

## Wind Hazard Modeling and the HAZUS Wind Model

## Major Stakeholders

- Local, state and federal government agencies
- Humanitarian organizations
- Insurance industry
- Businesses and private citizens

## Why Model Wind Damage?

- Understand/Prepare for Building Damage
- Understand/Prepare for Sheltering Requirements
- Understand/Prepare for Emergency Management Response
- Understand Economic Ramifications
- Provide Justification for Building Code Changes

## Types of Damage and Loss Models

- Holistic, Actualized Cost Models
-  Meteorological Models
- Load vs. Resistance Structural Damage Model
- Tree Damage Models
- Windborne Debris Damage Models
- Loss Models

## “The HAZUS-MH Hurricane Model is designed to produce loss estimates for use by federal, state, regional and local governments in planning for hurricane risk mitigation, emergency preparedness,

- response and recovery.”
- -HAZUS Technical Manual

## About HAZUS

- Hazards United States (Multi-hazard)
- Product of National Institute of Building Sciences (NIBS) and Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
- Earthquake Model released in 1997
- HAZUS-MH released in 2003
- Flood Model and Hurricane Model
- Geographical Information System (GIS)-Based Model

## HAZUS Availability and Requirements

- _[http://www.fema.gov/hazus/pdf/order_form_mh.pdf](http://www.fema.gov/hazus/pdf/order_form_mh.pdf)_
- Software is free, but requires ArcGIS to operate

## Hurricane Model Capabilities

| Parameter/Data | Level 1
(Default Data) | Level 2
(User-Supplied Data) | Level 3
(Advanced Data) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Wind Model | Default Probabilistic | User-Defined Scenario |  |
| Building Inventory | Default Probabilistic | User-Supplied |  |
| Facilities and Building 
Classes | Residential Commercial 
Industrial 
Essential Facilities |  |  |
| Utility, Transportation 
and High Potential Loss 
Facilities | Display/Edit Locations Only - No Damage or Loss Estimation |  |  |
| Terrain | Default |  | Expert Supplied |
| Loss Functions | Default |  |  |
| Damage Functions | Default |  |  |
| Shelter Requirements | Default | User-Supplied Parameters |  |
| Debris | Default |  |  |

## Wind Hazards Throughout the U.S.

- Source: HAZUS-MH Wind Technical Manual

## HAZUS Wind Model Framework

- Elements shown in bold are implemented in the current version of the Hurricane Model

- Source: HAZUS-MH Wind Technical Manual

## Creation of HAZUS 

- Source: HAZUS-MH Wind Technical Manual

- Creation of HAZUS
- Fast-Running Damage Functions

## Residential Damage States

| 
Damage State | 

Qualitative Damage Description | Roof Cover Failure | Window Door Failures | 
Roof Deck | Missile Impacts on Walls | Roof Structure Failure | Wall Structure Failure |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 0 | No Damage or Very Minor Damage
Little or no visible damage from the outside.  No broken windows, or failed roof deck.  Minimal loss of roof cover, with no or very limited water penetration. | 
≤2% | 
No | 
No | 
No | 
No | 
No |
| 1 | Minor Damage
Maximum of one broken window, door or garage door.  Moderate roof cover loss that can be covered to prevent additional water entering the building.  Marks or dents on walls requiring painting or patching for repair. | 

>2% and ≤15% | One window, door, or garage door failure | 

No | 

<5 impacts | 

No | 

No |
| 2 | Moderate Damage
Major roof cover damage, moderate window breakage.  Minor roof sheathing failure.  Some resulting damage to interior of building from water. | 
>15% and ≤50% | > one and ≤ the larger or 20% &3 | 
1 to 3 panels | Typically 5 to 10 impacts | 
No | 
No |
| 3 | Severe Damage
Major window damage or roof sheathing loss.  Major roof cover loss.  Extensive damage to interior from water. | 
>50% | > the larger of 20% & 3 and ≤50% | 
>3 and ≤25% | Typically 10 to 20 impacts | 
No | 
No |
| 4 | Destruction
Complete roof failure and/or, failure of wall frame.  Loss of more than 50% of roof sheathing. | Typically >50% | 
>50% | 
>25% | Typically >20 impacts | 
Yes | 
Yes |

## Change this slide to gable, no secondary water resistance, no shutters and with a garage.