# Presentation: 036342

## Integrated Modeling for Burning Plasmas

- Workshop (W60) on “Burning Plasma Physics and Simulation
- 4-5 July 2005, University Campus, Tarragona, Spain
- Under the Auspices of the IEA Large Tokamak Implementing Agreement

- Discussion Session
- S. C. Jardin
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory

## Progress towards a comprehensive theory/model for burning plasmas in ITER/DEMO

- Whole Device Modeling Codes
- Extended MHD and Energetic Particles
- Turbulence Simulations
- Edge-Plasma Integrated Modeling
- RF, NBI, -particle, Impurities, and Fueling Sources

## Whole Device Modeling Codes

-   New initiatives now planned or underway
-  Japan:  BPSI:  ( TASK, TOPICS )
-  EU: JET initiative (ASTRA, CRONOS, JETTO),          Integrated Modeling Task Force  DINA/CRONOS coupling
-  US:  NTCC (modules library), PTRANSP (TSC/TRANSP + ...), FSP (not yet begun) – (also BALDUR, ONETWO, CORSICA)
-   Need for more sophisticated modules in most areas
-   Turbulent Transport models need to be improved/ quantified
-   Extended MHD and energetic particle effects
-   Scrape-off-layer, ELMs, and pedestal
-   Need better particle/impurity transport models
-   General need for better benchmarking.  Submit ITER plasmas to ITPA Profile Database

## Extended MHD and energetic Particles

- Need to further develop 3D Nonlinear Extended MHD codes and validate on existing experiments.
-  Sawtooth:  Full 3D nonlinear sawtooth simulation now possible for small tokamaks, not yet for ITER.  Good semi-analytical models available (Porcelli model)
-  ELMs:  Some progress (BOUT-Snyder, JOREK-Huysmans, NIMROD-Brennan, M3D-Strauss) Not yet a full 3D ELM simulation for even small tokamaks.  Good semi-analytical models being developed. (including ideal-MHD/Enhanced transport model with MARG2D in TOPICS)
-  NTMs: Not yet a full 3D NTM simulation.  Modified Rutherford equation (semi-analytical) models widely used.
-  Resistive Wall Modes: Not yet a full 3D nonlinear model.
-  Locked Mode Threshold: Not yet a fundamental model
-  TAE:  3D Hybrid particle/fluid simulation model possible for short times and weakly nonlinear behavior...full nonlinear integration with thermal particles not yet possible.
-  Disruption Modeling: Axisymmetric modeling in fairly good shape, 3D modeling just beginning

## Turbulence Simulations 

-   Focus is presently on core turbulence:  ITG, ETG, ITG/ETG coupling, finite beta effects, transition from Bohm to gyro-Bohm, turbulence spreading
-  need to develop long-time (transport timescale) predictive simulation capability
-  Calculation of particle diffusivities from transport simulations
-  turbulence and neoclassical simulation integration
-  mechanisms for transport barrier formation
-  pedestal region and core-edge simulation integration
-  how to couple with whole-device-modeling codes
-  impurities and helium ash transport
-  may be possible to extend Gyrokinetics codes to include MHD, Wave Heating, and Plasma Edge

## Edge-Plasma Integrated Modeling

-  Full 3D predictive edge model is lacking
-  Numerous edge codes exist to provide qualitative understanding and quantitative results for specific phenomena
-   edge transport: CSD, SONIC, UEDGE, SOLPS (B2-Eirene),EDGE2D-NIMBUS...
-   kinetic edge turbulence: PARASOL, DALF ...
-   collisional edge turbulence: BOUT, ...
-   local codes: erosion/depositon ERO,
-   Coupled Core-Edge COCONUT:JETTO-SANCO-EDGE2D-NIMBUS,   SOLPS beginning (disruptions, ELMs)
-   semi-analytical/emperical NTCC PEDESTAL module
-   increasing evidence that ELMs are triggered by current-driven MHD modes
-   MARG2D ELM model incorporated into TOPICS
-   Fusion Simulation Projects proposed to study integrated edge-plasma
-  Many issues remain:
-  L-H transition and pedestal physics
-  nonlinear ELM crash, transport, and pedestal recovery
-  density limit and impurity transport
-  material erosion including redeposition and dust formation- work in progress to integrate plasma and plate (SOLPS5-B2)—need to characterize mixed materials
-  Move physics from edge transport codes into edge turbulence codes
-  Need to include drifts into edge transport codes, and to move to 1D neoclassical

## RF, NBI, -particle, and fueling Sources

-  RF -particles ion distribution function                Fisch

-  Comprehensive suites of RF and neutral beam codes exist
-  Integrated computations between full-wave ICRF and FP solvers are underway, but not yet in routine use
-  Integrated modeling that combines advanced ICRF antenna modules with full-wave solvers are underway
-  RF and NB source modules have been combined with WDM codes, but generally not the most advanced RF packages.
-  RF/FP Codes need to be coupled to MHD codes in order to simulate instability control
-  Modeling of Mode Conversion physics in ITER scale plasma not yet possible
-  Need to incorporate all RF and NB systems together with FP for ions and electrons self-consistently, and with energetic particle MHD
-  Coupling of SPOT(-particles) and DELPHINE(LH wave propag. and absorp., el. Distrib. Func.) in CRONOS framework