# Presentation: 431288

## NOAA-NWS Quantitative Precipitation Estimation—a NASA perspective

- Matthew Garcia, Research Associate
- NASA-GSFC, Hydrological Sciences Branch (614.3)
- 	and UMBC GEST Center
- with significant assistance from HSB members Christa Peters-Lidard,
- David Toll, Matt Rodell, Brian Cosgrove, Charles Alonge, and others...

- NOAA-NWS Next-Generation QPE (Q2) Science Workshop	             28-30 June 2005

## NASA-GSFC Hydrological Sciences Branch Activities

**NASA-GSFC Hydrological Sciences Branch Activities**

**Modeling and **
**Data Assimilation**

**Applications**

**Observations**

## NASA Applications of National Priority

**NASA Applications of National Priority**

## Scales of Interest

**Scales of Interest**

- Global (e.g. GLDAS):  ~25-km resolution

- Continental (e.g. NLDAS):  ~5-km resolution

- Regional (e.g. LIS):  ~1-km resolution

## NOAA NCEP

**NOAA NCEP**

**NASA/GSFC**
**GMAO**

**ECMWF**

**Univ. AZ IR**

**NOAA**
**Stage-II**

**NASA/GSFC**
**Huffman**

**CMAP**
**Merged**

- NOAA-NWS Next-Generation QPE (Q2) Science Workshop	             28-30 June 2005

- from Gottschalck et al. (2005, *J. Hydromet.*, submitted)

## NLDAS Precipitation Fields:

- from Cosgrove et al. (2003, *J. Geophys. Res.*)

**NLDAS Precipitation Fields:**
**Spatial Interpolation and Temporal Disaggregation **

## NOAA-NWS Next-Generation QPE (Q2) Science Workshop	             28-30 June 2005

- from Cosgrove et al. (2003, *J. Geophys. Res.*)

## NLDAS-E Precipitation Forcing – 15Z Dec 4, 2002

- Stage II / CPC Merged (mm/hr)

- EDAS (mm/hr)

- CMAP (mm/hr)

- CMORPH (mm/hr)

**NLDAS-E Precipitation Forcing – 15Z Dec 4, 2002**

## GLDAS Snow Updates:  DA using MODIS Observations

**GLDAS Snow Updates:  DA using MODIS Observations**

- 21Z 17 January 2003

- Control Mosaic SWE (mm)

- Enh. MODIS Snow Cover (%)

- Assim. Mosaic SWE (mm)

- from Rodell and Houser, 2004

- SNOTEL/Co-op SWE (mm)

**Midwestern U.S.**

## Surface Soil Moisture Initialization in 

**Observed Rainfall for **
**Colorado Flood Event**
- 0000Z to 0400Z 13 July 1996
- (Chen et al., NCAR)

_**With**_** Realistic Soil Moisture**

- Example 24-Hour Atmospheric
- Model Forecasts

- Buffalo Creek
- Basin

- "The strong motivation for this land data assimilation and land-monitoring space mission such as Hydros is that the land states of soil moisture, soil ice, snowpack, and vegetation exert a strong control on ...the heating and moistening of the lower atmosphere...forecast of tomorrow's heat index, precipitation, and severe thunderstorm likelihood."
**Louis Uccellini, NCEP**

- “The experience of the last ten years at ECMWF has shown the importance of soil moisture...Soil moisture is a major player on the quality of weather parameters such as precipitation, screen-level temperature and humidity and low-level clouds."
**Anthony Hollingworth, ECMWF**

_**Without**_** Realistic Soil Moisture**

**Surface Soil Moisture Initialization in **
**Coupled Land****–****Atmosphere Models**

## Satellite Precipitation Observation:  TRMM to GPM

**Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM)**
***	******Single platform, multiple instruments, tropical coverage***
***	*****10 ******** 85 GHz PMW radiometers (TMI)**
**	****13.6 GHz precipitation radar (PR)**

**Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Mission**
***	******Many platforms, multiple instruments, expanded coverage***
**	****10 ******** 109 GHz PMW radiometers (GMI)**
**	****Dual-frequency precipitation radar (GPR)**
**	****3- to 6-hour temporal sampling**
**	****Improved vertical resolution **

**Satellite Precipitation Observation:  TRMM to GPM**

## NASA-GSFC HSB Partnership:  USACE, USDA-ARS, UWy

**NASA-GSFC HSB Partnership:  USACE, USDA-ARS, UWy**

**Army Remote Moisture System (ARMS)**

## NASA-GSFC HSB Partnership:  US Bureau of Reclamation

**NASA-GSFC HSB Partnership:  US Bureau of Reclamation**

## NASA-GSFC HSB Partnership:  NOAA-NWS Office of Hydrology

**NASA-GSFC HSB Partnership:  NOAA-NWS Office of Hydrology**

## NASA-GSFC HSB Proposed Partnership:  

**NASA-GSFC HSB Proposed Partnership:  **
**USGS and NOAA-NWS-NCEP/OH**

## NASA’s interest in NOAA-NWS QPE/QPF Activities

**NASA’s interest in NOAA-NWS QPE/QPF Activities**

- Validation and application with non-traditional methods
- LSM simulations
- Data Assimilation
- - Snow Cover
- - Soil Moisture
- - Surface Temperature
- CONUS coverage is good, global coverage is better
- 1-km (or better) gridded spatial resolution
- 1-hour (or better) temporal resolution
- Minimal product latency (for real-time applications)
- Error propagation in land surface modeling
- QPE process transparency
- 		      - Contribution sources
- 	- Validation datasets
- 	- Spatial and temporal error estimates
- 	- Bias correction factors
- 	- Adjustments in ZR retrieval
- 	- Objective and subjective products
- QPF product availability
- - Convective/stratiform discrimination
- - Ensemble statistics (or member values)