# Presentation: 378432

## Figure 1.  Emission Levels, Reference Case Projections for

**2010 and 2020, and Target Caps for Electricity Generators**

**1997**

**2010**

**2020**

**Target**

**0**

**2,000**

**4,000**

**6,000**

**8,000**

**Thousand Tons per Year**

**Nitrogen Oxides**

**6191**

**4340**

**4480**

**1548**

**1997**

**2010**

**2020**

**Target**

**0**

**4,000**

**8,000**

**12,000**

**16,000**

**Thousand Tons per Year**

**Sulfur Dioxide**

**13090**

**9700**

**8950**

**2240**

**1990**

**2010**

**2020**

**Target**

**0**

**200**

**400**

**600**

**800**

**Million MetricTons Carbon Equivalent per Year**

**Carbon**
**Dioxide**

**475**

**691**

**773**

**475**

**1999**

**2010**

**2020**

**Target**

**0**

**15**

**30**

**45**

**60**

**Tons per Year**

**Mercury**

**43**

**46**

**45**

**4.3**

## Figure 2.  Electricity Prices With and Without Emissions

**0**

**2**

**4**

**6**

**8**

**10**

**1990**

**1999**

**2005**

**2010**

**2015**

**2020**

**With Emissions Limits**

**Figure 2.  Electricity Prices With and Without Emissions**
**Limits, 1990-2020 (1999 cents per kilowatthour)**

**Without Emissions Limits**

## Figure 3.  Electricity Sales With and Without Emissions

**1970**

**1980**

**1990**

**2000**

**2010**

**2020**

**0**

**1,000**

**2,000**

**3,000**

**4,000**

**5,000**

**Without Emissions Limits**

**With Emissions Limits**

**History**

**Projections**

**Figure 3.  Electricity Sales With and Without Emissions**
**Limits, 1970-2020 (billion kilowatthours)**

## Figure 4. Projected Electricity Generation from Coal, Natural

**Gas, and Renewable Fuels (Excluding Cogenerators) With**
**and Without Emissions Limits, 2010 and 2020**
**(billion kilowatthours)**

**Without**
**Emissions Limits**

**With Emissions**
**Limits**

**0**

**500**

**1,000**

**1,500**

**2,000**

**2,500**

**3,000**

**Coal**

**Natural Gas**

**Renewables**

**2010**

**2020**

**Without**
**Emissions Limits**

**With Emissions**
**Limits**

## Figure 5.  Sulfur Dioxide Allowance Price With and

**Without Emissions Limits, 2005-2020**
**(1999 dollars per ton)**

**2005**

**2010**

**2015**

**2020**

**0**

**200**

**400**

**Without Emissions Limits**

**With Emissions Limits**

## Figure 6.  Carbon Dioxide Allowance Price, 2005-2020

**2005**

**2010**

**2015**

**2020**

**0**

**25**

**50**

**75**

**100**

**125**

**With Emissions Limits**

**Figure 6.  Carbon Dioxide Allowance Price, 2005-2020**
**(1999 dollars per metric ton carbon equivalent)**

## Figure 7.  Nitrogen Oxides Allowance Price,

**2005**

**2010**

**2015**

**2020**

**0**

**200**

**400**

**600**

**800**

**1,000**

**1,200**

**1,400**

**With Emissions Limits**

**Figure 7.  Nitrogen Oxides Allowance Price,**
**2005-2020 (1999 dollars per ton)**

## Figure 8.  Mercury Allowance Price, 2005-2020

**(million 1999 dollars per ton)**

**0**

**100**

**200**

**300**

**400**

**500**

**600**

**2005**

**2010**

**2015**

**2020**

**With Emissions Limits**

## Figure 9.  Impact of 2010 Allowance Prices on Coal Plant

**Unscrubbed Coal Plant Without SCR**

**Scrubbed Coal Plant With SCR**

**0**

**0.5**

**1.0**

**1.5**

**2.0**

**2.5**

**3.0**

**3.5**

**4.0**

**Sulfur Dioxide**

**Carbon Dioxide**

**Mercury**

**Figure 9.  Impact of 2010 Allowance Prices on Coal Plant**
**Operating  Costs (1999 cents per kilowatthour)**

## Figure 10.  Impacts of Emission Limits on Cumulative

**0**

**50**

**100**

**150**

**200**

**Figure 10.  Impacts of Emission Limits on Cumulative**
**Resource Costs for Electricity Generation, 2001-2020**
**(billion 1999 dollars)**

**Change from Reference**
**Case Without Emissions Limits**

**177**

## Figure 11.  Natural Gas Wellhead Prices With and

**1990**

**1999**

**2005**

**2010**

**2015**

**2020**

**0**

**1**

**2**

**3**

**4**

**Without Emissions Limits**

**With Emissions Limits**

**Figure 11.  Natural Gas Wellhead Prices With and**
**Without Emissions Limits, 1990-2020**
**(1999 dollars per thousand cubic feet)**

## Figure 12.  Coal Production With and Without Emissions

**1970**

**1980**

**1990**

**2000**

**2010**

**2020**

**0**

**200**

**400**

**600**

**800**

**1,000**

**1,200**

**1,400**

**Without Emissions**
**Limits**

**With Emissions**
**Limits**

**History**

**Projections**

**Figure 12.  Coal Production With and Without Emissions**
**Limits, 1970-2020 (million short tons)**

## Figure 13.  Impacts of Emission Limits on Delivered

**Energy Consumption in the Reference Case,**
**2010 and 2020 (quadrillion Btu)**

**0.0**

**0.1**

**0.2**

**-0.1**

**-0.2**

**-0.3**

**-0.4**

**-0.5**

**Residential**

**Commercial**

**Industrial**

**Transportation**

**2010**

**2020**

## Figure 14.  Allowance Prices Based on Emission Caps in the Smith/Voinovich/Brownback Analysis

**2020 Allowance Prices**

**Sulfur Dioxide and Nitrogen Oxides in 1999 Dollars per Ton**

**Mercury in 1999 Dollars per Pound**

**0**

**500**

**1,000**

**1,500**

**2,000**

**2,500**

**3,000**

**Reference**

**75 Percent**

**0**

**15,000**

**30,000**

**45,000**

**60,000**

**75,000**

**90,000**

**Nitrogen Oxides**

**Sulfur Dioxide**

**Mercury**

**85,000**

**1,737**

**2,825**

**200**

## Figure 15.  Changes in Cumulative Resource Costs of Electricity Generation in the Smith/Voinovich/Brownback Cases