# Presentation: 781965

## Electronic Table of Contents                                          and Publisher Summaries:Keys to the Library'sBook Collections

- David Williamson
- Cataloging Automation Specialist
- Cataloging Directorate
- Library of Congress

## TOC CountsGo to toccounts.html

## http://www.loc.gov/catdir/beat/

## Bibliographic Enrichment                                                                                              Advisory Team

- Formed in Dec. 1992 as a Cataloging Directorate initiative
- Grant from the Edward Lowe Foundation
- Purpose: To improve LC bibliographic products and services

## Working “Outside the Box”

- To develop tools to aid in creating and locating information
- To develop innovative workflows and policies
- To prepare pilot projects for production (“Proof of Concept”)

## “Rules of the Game”

- Projects can not distract from Library priorities (e.g. arrearage reduction)
- Projects should demonstrate their cost-effectiveness
- Projects populated by volunteer staff with minimal disruption to regular assignments

## Resources

- 22 participating staff from 12 divisions in 4 directorates forming cross-cutting teams
- Lowe Foundation grant
- Support of the Director for Cataloging and the Director for Public Services and Collections for hardware and software

## Some Accomplishments:TCEC

- “Text Capture and Electronic Conversion”
*CCQ* 22:3/4 Brown & Williamson “Cataloging at the Library of Congress in the Digital Age,” 1996
- _Planning and Implementing Technical Services Workstations_, 1997, M. Kaplan, editor. Chapter 9: Custom Applications: the Library of Congress Experience
- Eliminates the need to re-key data
- Programmatically provides MARC coding and ISBD punctuation
- Converts capitalization in the title, subtitle and table of contents

## Some Accomplishments:BEOnline

- Goal: To provide both bibliographic and direct access to selected online resources
- Model for identifying, selecting, and cataloging of Web resources
- Development of selection policies
- Creation of “cataloging framework”
- Interactive workflow with “traffic manager”
- Uses CORC (now)

## Some Accomplishments:LCC and LCSH

- Financed conversion of T, QA, P, Z, JZ; revision of HJ; some K development, thus contributing to foundation of Classification+
- Financed project to enrich LCSH with additional headings and references from alternative B&E thesauri

## Current Projects: Reviews

- Beginning 1999, annotating LC bibliographic records with annotations from the “Outstanding Reference Sources” annual list
- Beginning 2002, working with reference specialists to identify other possible sources for reviews

## Current Projects:Additional Analytics Access

- Links from LC catalog records to full-text electronic versions of many social science mono series of the “working paper/ discussion paper” type
- Access provided to full range of publications of such important institutions as National Bureau of Economic Research
- Undertaken in cooperation with the Joint IMF/World Bank Library

## Tables of Contents  Projects:Theoretical Foundation

**Discovery  & Retrieval:**  “We must provide more information online about what our print collections hold, so that potential users of our holdings can more easily discover the treasurers they contain.”  Roy Tennant, LJ, Dec. 15, 2001

## Tables of Contents  Projects:Theoretical Foundation

**Enabling Subject Access:**  “The limited number of subject headings assigned to monographs as well as the practice of providing a more general subject heading for a monograph that covers several more specific topics resulted in very inadequate subject access to monographs.”  Vinh-The-Lam

## Tables of Contents  Projects:Theoretical Foundation

**Entry Level Vocabulary:  **
- 505 and 520 notes account for the largest percentage increase in the number of unique words in bibliographic records, with averages of 15.5 new subject terms per record.  Calhoun & Markey, 1987.
- If a bridge to bib records is established, key words would provide effective access to controlled vocabularies. Bates & others, 1990s.

## Tables of Contents  Projects

- Many students prefer the chaos of the web to the drudgery of the library...
- New York Times, August 10, 2000

## Ways to Get TOCs into Bib Records

- Catalogers manually type in the TOC
- Automated – through ECIP
- Automated – through ONIX
- Automated – through DTOC

## BEAT’s Tables of Contents Projects

- ECIP TOC: Electronic CIP manuscripts provided by publishers applying for CIP data
- ONIX TOC: ONline Information eXchange data used by publishers to transfer “bibliographic” data
- Digital TOC: Scanned from published books in the cataloging stream
- ECIP DTOC: hybrid using ECIP info in the DTOC style workflow

## E-CIP TOC Production

- Month		E-CIPs
- FY01		7468
- Aug.		768
- Sept.		515
- Oct.		745
- Nov.		933
- Dec.		927
- Jan.		1582
- Feb.		1600
- March		1670
- April		1760

- With TOC	%		50%
- 1304		17		3734
- 199			26		384
- 148			29		258
- 196			26		372
- 302			32		467
- 305			33		464
- 506			32	 	791
- 518			32		800
- 489			29		835
- 494			28		880

## ECIP TOC DemonstrationShow E-CIP cataloging if possible

## ONIX Project

- ONIX: ONline Information eXchange
- “MARC for publishers” or “HTML for publishers”
- Used to send/receive publication information
- Used more in Europe but gaining in US

## ONIX TOCShow sample ONIX record

## ONIX Project

- Programming written on overtime using BEAT funds
- Created August 2001
- TOC files extracted over Labor Day weekend
- TOC files cleaned up and linked in 856 field September – December 2001

## ONIX Project

- John Wiley Publishers provided the first file of ONIX records
- File contained 17K+ records
- 15K had TOC at that time
- 12K were in LC
- 10,090 unique TOCs extracted and linked

## ONIX Project – Wiley

- 13,160 TOCs to date
- American Hospital Pub.
- Cliffs Notes
- Howell Book House
- Hungry Minds
- IDG Books ( ... for Dummies)
- IEEE Press
- Jossey-Bass
- Macmillan
- Pfeiffer

## ONIX Project

- Houghton Mifflin provided second file of ONIX records
- 4,045 records in the file
- 113 TOC files extracted and linked

## ONIX Project – Houghton Mifflin

- 113 records
- Chambers
- Chapters
- Clarion Books
- Kingfisher
- Larousse
- Ticknor & Fields

## ONIX Project – McGraw-Hill

- 3,375 TOCs
- Appleton & Lange
- Brown & Benchmark
- International Marine
- Irwin
- Osborne
- Ragged Mountain Press
- TAB Books
- W.C. Brown

## ONIX Project – Cambridge

- 12,975 TOCs
- Center for the Study of Lang. & Info.
- Mathematical Assoc. of America
- SIGS Books
- St. Martin’s Press
- Stanford University Press

## ONIX Project – Problems

## ONIX Project – Problems

## ONIX Project – Problems

- Inconsistency in coding
-  ’ vs. &apos; vs. &#039;
- Inconsistency inter-record and intra-record
- Inconsistency from publisher to publisher

## ONIX TOC DemonstrationGo to ONIX files on web

## Digital TOC(DTOC) PROJECT

## DTOC

- PROCESS
- TOCs are digitally scanned into images
- Images are edited and converted into text using Prime Recognition OCR software
- Files are HTML coded and mounted on LC web server

## Selection of DTOC Items

- Taken from current English-language imprints of research value
- TOCs must be laid out in straight-forward manner
- TOCs must have meaningful chapter titles

## Current Status of DTOC

- Currently 2800 TOCs linked to bib records in the 856 field
- All subject areas are currently covered
- Currently processing approximately 100 new TOCs per week
- Goal is 50 new TOCs per day

## DTOC STAFF

- SELECTORS
- Bill Vernigor for ASCD
- Daiva Barzdukas for HLCD
- Gabe Horchler for SSCD
- Bruce Knarr for RCCD

## DTOC STAFF

- PROCESSORS
- Herb Garrett
- Lavette Lee
- Melissa Young
- Bob August
- Young Ki Lee
- Helen Pritchett

- TECHNICAL
- Bob August
- OVERSIGHT
- John Byrum

## The Cost of TOC Information

- “BEAT projects should demonstrate their cost-effectiveness”
- Mid 80s experiment with staff member typing TOC information into 505 field: approx. $35 per title
- DTOC: initially around $10 per title with older hardware and software
- DTOC now: with better hardware and software: $2 per title

## The Cost of TOC Information

- ECIP TOC: up to 5 minutes of an average cataloger’s time: $1.69 per title
- ONIX TOC: cost of initial programming and TOC extraction for 10,090 Wiley TOCs: $.065 per record
- ONIX TOC: cost of making link to bib record: $.065 per record

## Publisher Description Project

- ONIX files contain a lot of useful information, including publisher descriptions
- 2,196 descriptions from Houghton Mifflin
- 4,436 descriptions from McGraw-Hill
- 14,183 descriptions from Cambridge
- 20,815 total descriptions

## ONIX Publisher DescriptionsGo to ONIX files on web

## Abstracts & Summary Project

- BEAT desire to enhance bib records
- Abstracts & Summary: pilot to keep the bib enhancement project alive
- Reviews of ALA’s Best Reference Books of the year added to the bib records in a 520 note  (20-30 a year)

## The Uses and Usefulness of TOC Data

## DTOC Hits on Web

## TOC Survey Results

- August-December 2001

## How did you find this TOC file?

- Catalog record	216 (61%)
- Internet				130 (37%)
- TOC Files			10   ( 3%)

## Was this TOC information useful to you?

- Yes				301 (83%)
- No				57  (17%)

## Did you click on thelink to go to the bibliographic recordand related links?

- Yes				211 (58%)
- No				150 (42%)

## Did you look through the Library of Congress catalog record thatlinks to this TOC? 

- Yes				106   (58%)
- No	             	78   	(42%)
- (n/a				181)

## Did you try any of the links for related authors, subjects to look for related items in the LC catalog?

- Yes				46	(37%)
- No				78	(63%)
- (n/a				236)

## Were these links useful to your research interests? 

- Yes				53 (67%)
- No				26  (33%)
- (n/a				278)

## How do you describe yourself?

- Student/Researcher  213 (58%)
- Casual user			   53   (14%)
- Librarian				   83   (23%)
- Other				   17   (  4%)

##  User Comments:

- I'm going to take the book out of the Brooklyn Library and I already found out it is available.  If the book I wanted were checked out and not available, I might find this TOC file really helpful.  For today, it just confirmed that I should go to the library ASAP and get the book, since it is dead on what I want.
- TOCs are good...beats having to go to the library to  just see whether you want the book.
- TOC was very useful in determining whether this book had information on my specific subject.

##  User Comments:

- Confirmed that this is a book I want to see.
- It was nice to finally get into a web site that I can access information directly without finding advertisements.
- Putting links like TOC speeds up the searches and are better than letting the search engines rumble though thousands of similar phrases.
- Very useful, but would have been more useful if the TOC had been in the catalogue record of my local OPAC.

## User Comments:

- I look for them [TOCs] on book seller web sites all the time.  I find TOC incredibly useful.
- I was able to decide that I needed the book.
- I decided not to check out the book.
- Nice, but how do I get access to the contents of the book?
- I hoped it was a full text version of the entire book.  That would have been a happy surprise.

##  User Comments:

- The TOC availability was quite useful.  If only the full text was online as well.
- At least abstract of paper should be displayed.
- Should provide a brief summary of the book.
- Particulars regarding price of the book, name of publisher etc. also could have been included for the benefit of prospective buyers.

## Librarian Comments:

- Please experiment with including the table of contents in tag 505 .
- Prefer to have TOC in the MARC record so that it will be available for searching in out OPAC
- I'm copy cataloging a book right now.  The link to this TOC saves me the effort of retyping the TOC in the local system.  [It] saves time!
- Found it while cataloging the book.  Saves me doing analytics!  Will be as helpful as people are willing to realize it CAN be.

## Librarian Comments:

- I found the TOC to be very helpful.  My company often borrows books from other libraries.  As a corporation, we are watching our budget.  TOCs help me decide if a book would be worth the charges that I will incur with an ILL
- I have started a TOC collection for books for further review.  Thanks!  [Selector]
- As a collection development librarian, I find a review of the TOC a good index to the content level and focus of the publication.

## Librarian Comments:

- We were interested in purchasing this book, but had little information from advertising blurb.  This makes the decision to purchase the book much easier (takes out the guess work).
- Gave me more info on sections contained within the book, making a decision on how relevant the book was to my needs.
- [Translated from Spanish] It lets me order this item and helps in cataloging material when the TOC is present.

## Librarian Comments

- With our Australian dollar at an all time low, it costs us an average $120 to buy a book from oversees.  TOC is the best way to get the most use out of the items we do buy.  Keep up the good work!

## And One Final Comment:

- You are all beating with the best drums! How enriching.  Thank you.

## David Williamsondawi@loc.gov202.707.5179

## TOC CountsGo to toccounts.html