# Presentation: 426122

## Slide 1

## Outline

- What is “Blue Booking” ?
- Why submit survey data to NGS?
- What’s involved in submitting survey data to NGS?

## “What is Blue Booking”?

- Ed’s Definition:
- 	The process of creating digital files and hard copy of survey data for a project that is to be submitted to the National Geodetic Survey (NGS) for inclusion in the National Spatial Reference System (NSRS).

## Why “Blue Book”

-    Quality Assurance
-    Analysis and Adjustment
-    Distribution
-    Central Data Base
-    Archive
-    Future Regional Readjustments
-    New National Geodetic Datum

## Why “Blue Book” continued...

## Why “Blue Book” continued...

## NGS Policy

**FORMAT** - Data must be submitted in digital form using NGS specified formats.
**ACCURACY **
-     GPS projects must meet first-order accuracy standards.
-     Leveling projects must meet second-order, class II accuracy standards.
**MONUMENTATION**
-     Must be permanent, stable, and uniquely identified.
**DOCUMENTATION **
-     **Field Records**
-    Original field records (or acceptable copies) should be submitted with the data.
**    ****Project Reports**
-     A project report, including sketches, must also be submitted

## NGS Policy continued...

**REVIEW **
- Project plan must be reviewed by NGS prior to the start of a project.
- This review includes BOTH NGS offices in Silver Spring, MD AND the State Geodetic Advisor, if the state has one.** **
**RETURNED SUBMISSIONS - **Projects will be returned if they contain a large number of errors
**SUBMITTED PROJECTS**
**Adjustment** **- **Project data must be adjusted using NGS’ ADJUST software.
**COST**- This is a public service and NGS does not currently charge organizations who submit data.
**PUBLICATIONS - **NGS has several of these on Blue Booking.

## Slide 10

## Slide 11

## References

- "Input Formats and Specifications of the NGS Data Base”, three volume set, a.k.a the “Blue Book”
**NOTE:**** **Available on NGS Web site at: http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/FGCS/BlueBook/
- "Geometric Geodetic Accuracy Standards and Specifications for Using GPS Relative Positioning Techniques”                            version 5.0, May 11, 1988.  Reprinted with corrections August 1, 1989.
**NOTE: **Available on NGS Web site at: http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/FGCS/tech_pub.html

## Slide 13

## Slide 14

## For GPS Projects

**NOTE:** There would be a similar (but slightly different) section for leveling projects.

## Slide 16

## NGS Software

- Available Free of charge via the NGS  Web Site at _ftp.ngs.noaa.gov_, or
- On diskette from the NGS Information Center for a fee.
- The following software is required for all GPS project submissions:
- ADJUST - least squares adjustment software
- 							 **continued...**

## NGS Software continued...

- ADJUST Utility Programs: BBACCUR, CLUSTER, ELEVUP, ELLACC, MODGEE, QQRECORD, MAKE86
- WDDPROC - Generates D-FILE, station descriptions consistent with “_new_” NGS formats.
- GEOID99 -  computes geoid height values.
- 	**	****	****	****	****	****	****	**** ****continued...**

## Slide 19

## Sequence of Events

- Prepare a Plan for Your Survey
- Submit plan to NGS for review and comment
- Field Observations
- Data Organization
- GPS Vector Reduction
- Blue Book file creation, including ADJUST input files	**	****	****	****	****	****	****	****	****	****	****	****continued...**

## Sequence of Events continued...

- File Checking – Accuracy, completeness, and file consistency cross-checks
- ADJUST
- Project report

## For Blue Booking Projects in North Carolina

- 	The North Carolina Geodetic Survey has agreed to perform a review of any project in NC prior to it being submitted to NGS. To make arrangements for this review, contact:
- 			Gary W. Thompson
- 			Chief, NC Geodetic Survey
- 			Office of State Planning
- 			Elks Building
- 			121 West Jones Street
- 			Raleigh, NC 27603-1334
- 			Tel: 919-733-3836
- 			E-mail: gary.thompson@ncmail.net

## GPS Raw Observations (R-files)
GPS Vector Solutions (G-files) 
GPS Project and Station Occupation Data File (B-file) 
Station Description File (D-file) 

- GPS Raw Observations (R-files)
- GPS Vector Solutions (G-files)
- GPS Project and Station Occupation Data File (B-file)
- Station Description File (D-file)

## What you will send to NGS continued...

- Adjustment Results
- Project Sketch
- Project Report

## NGS Check List(Bluebook Annex L, Exhibit A)

**PROJECT SUBMISSION CHECKLIST**
**GPS PROJECTS**
**Project Title: _____________________________________________**
**Accession Number: _____________________________________________**
**Submitting Agency: _____________________________________________**
**Observing Agency: _____________________________________________**
**Receiver Type: _____________________________________________**

## NGS Check List continued...

**PACKAGE CONTENTS**
**Project Report and Attachments Required For**
**( ) Project Report All Projects**
**( ) Approved Reconnaissance and Project Sketch All Projects**
**( ) Project Instructions or Contract Specifications All Projects**
**( ) Final Station List All Projects**
**( ) Station Visibility Diagrams All Projects**
**( ) Final Observing Schedule All Projects**
**( ) Observation Logs All Projects**
**( ) Equipment Failure Logs NGS Projects**
**( ) Loop Misclosures (optional)**

## NGS Check List continued...

**( ) Free Adjustment with Analysis All Projects**
**( ) Free Adjustment with Accuracies All Projects**
**( ) Constrained Horizontal Adjustment All Projects**
**( ) Constrained Vertical Adjustment (NAVD 88 Heights)All Projects**
**( ) Meteorological Instrument Comparison Logs If Specified**
**( ) Photographs of Views from Stations If Specified**
**( ) Photographs or Rubbings of Station Marks All Projects**
**( ) COMPGB Output (Validation program-B/G file) All Projects**
**( ) OBSDES Output (Validation program-D-file) All Projects**

## NGS Check List continued...

**( ) OBSCHK Output (Validation program-D-file) All Projects**
**( ) CHKDESC Output (Validation program-D-file) All Projects**
**( ) ELLACC Output All Projects**
**( ) BBACCUR Output All Projects**
**Digitized Data Files ( ) Diskettes ( ) Other:_________________**
**( ) Raw Phase Data (R-files) All Projects**
**( ) Base Line Vectors (G-file) All Projects**
**( ) Project and Station Occupation Data(Final B-file)All Projects**
**( ) Descriptions or Recovery Notes (D-file) All Projects**
**( ) Terrestrial Horizontal Observations (T-file) If Applicable**

## NGS Check List continued...

**( ) Differential Leveling Observations (L-file) If Applicable**
**Comments - Enter on the reverse side of this form.**
**Org Code Name Date**
**Received by: ______________________________________________________**
**Reviewed by: ______________________________________________________**
**Reviewed by: ______________________________________________________**

## Purpose of Geodetic Control

- SERVES AS FRAMEWORK FOR GIS
- Current need - mapping or photo control
- Future need – referencing new surveys and photogrammetric updates to GIS framework

## Amount of Geodetic Control

- Conventional survey methods require station pairs
- Spacing  of 0.5-2 mile recommended by National Research Council

## First Steps

- Inventory of all existing monumented points, including all geodetic control ...NGS/ USC&GS, USGS, NCGS, plus others
- Option to use PLSS corners...
- may require re-monumentation

## Cost of Geodetic Control

- Reconnaissance/planning
- Monument type
- Number and distribution of points
- Field Procedures/ Instrumentation
- Documentation/BlueBooking

## Issues to Consider

- Contracting agency
- In-house vs contracting
- ...who will do recon, mark setting
- ...BlueBooking... added cost?
- Consultant/Contractor
- Develop in-house expertise vs sub-contracting

## Issues to Consider continued...

- Datum/adjustment compatibility issues WRT earlier data
- Legal importance of boundary monuments

## The Future...???

- GPS CORS
-   Real-Time Differential correctors
-   New mapping techniques including photogrammetry w/o ground control, and real-time mapping (GPSvan), LIDAR, etc.
-   ????

## Points of Contact

- National Geodetic Survey Phone: 301-713-3242            Fax:     301-713-4171
**Internet Web Site:**    	**http://www.ngs.noaa.gov**

**Edward J. McKay**
- Phone: 301-713-3191 Ext. 102
- Fax: 301-713-4324
- E-mail: Ed.McKay@noaa.gov