# Presentation: 659622

## Analysis of azimuthal dependence

-             at RHIC-PHENIX
-                            ShinIchi Esumi
-                            Univ. of Tsukuba
-           Contents
- v2 scaling of identified hadrons
- open charm and direct photon
- azimuthal correlation
- a way to get v2 of jets
- azimuthal dependent HBT

- ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

- LBL 2005/May/20

## BBC/ZDC : centrality

- Dch/PC1,2,3 : tracking
- Tof : hadron PID
- Rich : electron PID
- Emcal : electron/photon PID

- ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

- LBL 2005/May/20

## Reaction plane detectors in PHENIX

- Beam-beam counter
- (BBC) **|********|=3~4**
- 64pmts in each BBC** **
**charged particles**

- two central arms
- (CNT) **|********|<0.35**
- Dch,PCs,TOF,EMCAL
**tracking, momentum, PID**

- collision point

- beam line

- Zero Degree Calorimeter
- Shower-Max Detector
- Spectator neutron energy
- Beam position

- BBC

- CNT

- ZDC/
- SMD

- Muon arm +
- Silicon multiplicity
- (MVD) endcap

- MVD

- South

- North

- ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

- LBL 2005/May/20

## 

- SMD1****vsSMD2

- BBC1****vsBBC2

- SMD****vs BBC

- BBC1vsBBC2

**back-to-back**

**back-to-back**

**spectator neutrons vs**
******s from participants **
**are flowing opposite.**

- MVD1vsMVD2

- BBCvsMVD

- 

- directed
-   plane

- elliptic
-  plane

- ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

- LBL 2005/May/20

## v2 /nquark

- stat. error only
- sys. error <20% (62GeV)
-                   15% (200GeV)

***v******2***** /*****n******quark***

***p******T***** /*****n******quark***** [GeV/*****c*****]**

**62.4 GeV Au+Au: preliminary**
**200 GeV Au+Au, **
**charged ********,K,p : PRL91, 182301 (2003)**
**               ********0**** : preliminary**

- ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

- LBL 2005/May/20

## SPS

- minimum bias Au+Au at sNN = 200 GeV

**PHENIX preliminary**

**some remaining**
**mass ordering**

**PHENIX preliminary**

- quark **+** hadron flow

**T****fo**

**early freeze-out**

**Similar effect from the time-difference is seen in v****2**

**Almost NO**
**mass ordering**

- ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

- LBL 2005/May/20

## Hadronic cascade fails in magnitude (too small, it needs a big push from QGP), but it shows clear meson / baryon difference.

- ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

- LBL 2005/May/20

## v2

- hydro + jet

**Jets dominate the high p****T**** part of spectra.**

- recombination + fragmentation

**PHENIX**

**STAR**

**And they (jets) **
**are suppressed.**

**v****2**

- ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

- LBL 2005/May/20

## What about 

**PHENIX Preliminary**

***R*****AA**** (2.5<*****p*****T<5.0 GeV/*****c*****)**

**Nuclear modification factor**

**Converter method**

**Cocktail subtraction method**

- pT (GeV/c)

- What about
- charm quark?

- binary scaling vs suppression

- ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

- LBL 2005/May/20

## inclusive ee v2

- inclusive ee v2

- charmed ee v2

**If charm quarks also flow, charm quarks are thermalized and / or suppressed (interact with matter) similarly to the light quarks. **

**STAR SQM04**

- nucl-ex/0502009

- charmed electron v2 > 0
- rule out an extreme case, charm does not interact with QGP and fragment in vacuum into D meson
- get charm quark v2 with quark coalescence assumption

- ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

- LBL 2005/May/20

## Direct photons 

**Direct photons**** **
**are enhanced w.r.t. ************ production, but it’s just because ************ is suppressed, and the direct photons are in fact binary scaled. **

- ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

- LBL 2005/May/20

## pT [GeV/c]

- vertical bar : stat. error
- curves, gray box : sys. error

- phenix preliminary

- Note :
- Inclusive photon = including all of the decay effect from hadrons

- phenix preliminary

- phenix preliminary

**p****T**** [GeV/c]**

- , 200 GeV Au+Au

- , 200 GeV Au+Au

- , 200 GeV Au+Au

- Direct/prompt photon v2 = 0, thermal photon v2>0,
- bremsstrahlung photon v2 < 0, so let’s try to extract, I’ve tried...
- Alternatively  ratio R can be measured by assuming v2=0, I’ve tried, too...

**The difference here and the ************ ratio R (s/n) will give us a measure of direct ******** v****2****.**

**calculate hadronic (********) decay photons v****2**** and subtract from inclusive photon v****2**

**hand-written**

- ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

- LBL 2005/May/20

## v2{2}

- STAR : nucl-ex/0409033
-            **non-flow reduced**

- v2{2}

- v2{RP}

**PHENIX Preliminary**

- Different ways to reduce non-flow correlation, v2 w.r.t. SMD R.P.

- ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

- LBL 2005/May/20

## Charged hadron-hadron azimuthalcorrelation

- Is the away-side jet-like?
- Away-side looks jet like in p+p,but not in central Au+Au.

**nucl-ex/0404010**
**              ****0501016**

**Low p****T****!**

- ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

- LBL 2005/May/20

## Charged hadron-hadron azimuthal correlation

**Low p****T****!**

- Large modification of back-to-back jets
- Cherenkov-like radiation?!

- ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

- LBL 2005/May/20

## leading parton

- hadrons

- Q: Are jets source of v2?
- Q: Does reaction zone
-      make flowing jets?

**Proof of the jet quenching and it’s at least one of sources of v****2**** at high p****T**

**           ****4 < p****T****(trig.) < 6 GeV/c **
**2 GeV/c< p****T****(asso.) < p****T****(trig.)**

- ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

- LBL 2005/May/20

## in-plane pair

**in-plane pair**
**in between pair**
**out-of-plane pair**
**        ****h - h**

- 0                                         

- 0                                         

- (rad)

- (rad)

**real/mixed**

**flow subtracted**
- pTtrigger(h) > 3GeV/c
- 1< pTassociated(h) <2GeV/c

- three curves are fixed by
- measured v2 and resolution

- coalescence of jet-fragmentation could be one of the source of v2

- PHENIX preliminary

- PHENIX preliminary

- ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

- LBL 2005/May/20

## simulation

**            ****Trigger particles selected in- or out of plane**
**2<p****T****<4 GeV/c             1<p****T****<3 GeV/c            0<p****T****<2 GeV/c **

**|********TRIG****-********ASSO****|**

**                       ****Associated particles in all phi**
**0<p****T****<2 GeV/c            1<p****T****<3 GeV/c            2<p****T****<4 GeV/c **

- pT dependence of v2
- pT distribution
- realistic BBC r.p.
- resolution
- trigger particles in
- 6 bins over [0 - /2]
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- A,B are both fixed for
- f(x)=A(1+2Bcos(2x))
- by <v2>trig,<v2>asso,
- <cos(2)>, bin size
-        No fitting!!
- Phys.Rev. C69 (2004) 021901

- (v2 only)

- ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

- LBL 2005/May/20

## case study : flow+jets

- case study : flow+jets

- dN/dpT

- pT

- pT (GeV/c)

- v2

- flow

- jets

- inclusive

- case1
- (v2jet=0)

- case2
- (v2jet=0.08)

- case3
- (v2jet=0.16)

- case4
- (v2jet=0.24)

- 0.0

- 0.1

- 0.2

- 0      1       2       3      4

- ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

- LBL 2005/May/20

## case1

- (v2jet=0)

- case2
- (v2jet=0.08)

- case3
- (v2jet=0.16)

- case4
- (v2jet=0.24)

**         ****Associated particles in all phi      (1<p****T****<2 GeV/c) **
**         ****Trigger particles selected in- or out of plane**
**(2<p****T****<3 GeV/c           1<p****T****<2 GeV/c           0<p****T****<1 GeV/c) **

- c2data-c2func

- 0.00

- 0.00

- 0.00

- 0.10

- 0.06

- 0.03

- 

- 

- ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

- LBL 2005/May/20

## case3 

- case3
- (v2jet=0.16)

- 

- case3 + v4
- (v2jet=0.16)

**         ****Associated particles in all phi      (1<p****T****<2 GeV/c) **
**         ****Trigger particles selected in- or out of plane**
**(2<p****T****<3 GeV/c           1<p****T****<2 GeV/c           0<p****T****<1 GeV/c) **

- c2data-c2func

- 

- v4

- pT (GeV/c)

- v2

- effect of v4 (flow part)

- A realistic resolution for v2 and v4 with  2nd moment BBC R.P. is needed.

- ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

- LBL 2005/May/20

## The correction for R.P was applied

- Sinyukov’s fit
- Fitting by cos and sin function

- expected tendencies of sin or cos are seen !

- ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

- LBL 2005/May/20

## Rs,2/Rs,0, Ro,2/Rs,0 and Ros,2/Rs,0 are larger at mid-central than at central.

- Rs,2/Rs,0, Ro,2/Rs,0 and Ros,2/Rs,0 are larger at mid-central than at central.
- Ro,2/Rs,0 , Ros,2/Rs,0 seem to be larger than Rs,2/Rs,0
- Rl,2/Rl,0 and the difference (Ro,2/Rs,0 - Rs,2/Rs,0 ) seem to be possitive?
- anisotropy in geometry or (maybe more) in time/expansion

- geo.

- geo. + time

- cross term

- (geo. + time)/geo.

- ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

- LBL 2005/May/20

## Summary

- v2 scaling of identified hadrons
- open charm and direct photon
- azimuthal correlation
- a way to get v2 of jets
- azimuthal dependent HBT

- ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

- LBL 2005/May/20

## Pairs are divided into 4 Δφbins (width=45degree)

- q_other<40MeV/c

- qα(GeV/c)

- ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

- LBL 2005/May/20