# Presentation: 792037

## MINERA(E-938)Goals,Progressand Project

- MINERA(E-938)Goals,Progressand Project

- Deborah HarrisFermilabDOE Site Visit25 May 2005

**Notes:**
main goals of talk: 
reintroduce MINERvA, 
explain our progress on R&D and
 how we are becoming “a project”

## What was said at last DOE review... (Mont’s talk)

- MINERA
- NuMI beam
- Detector in MINOS near hall
- Low energy neutrino interactions
- Relevant for long baseline measurements
- Proposal under consideration

- D. Harris, MINERvA:  DOE Site Visit

- 25 May 2005

## Where are we now?

- We have become a project...
- Developing prototypes of many components
- Working with Fermilab to understand funding profile and how to get it into the lab budget
- Low Energy Cross Sections:  questions still out there!
- Importance to oscillation measurements underscored by APS multidivisional neutrino study report
- MRI Proposal to NSF:  under consideration

- D. Harris, MINERvA:  DOE Site Visit

- 25 May 2005

## The MINERA Collaboration

- D. Drakoulakos, P. Stamoulis, G. Tzanakos, M. Zois*University of Athens, Greece*
- D. Casper#, J. Dunmore, C. Regis, B. Ziemer*University of California, Irvine*
- E. Paschos*University of Dortmund*
- D. Boehnlein, D. A. Harris#, N. Grossman, M. Kostin, J.G. Morfin*, A. Pla-Dalmau, P. Rubinov, P. Shanahan, P. Spentzouris*Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory*
- M.E. Christy, W. Hinton, C.E. Keppel*Hampton University*
- R. Burnstein, O. Kamaev, N. Solomey*Illinois Institute of Technology*
- S. Kulagin*Institute for Nuclear Research, Russia*
- I. Niculescu. G. Niculescu*James Madison University*
- G. Blazey, M.A.C. Cummings, V. Rykalin*Northern Illinois University*

- W.K. Brooks, A. Bruell, R. Ent, D. Gaskell, W. Melnitchouk, S. Wood*Jefferson Lab*
- S. Boyd, D. Naples, V. Paolone*University of Pittsburgh*
- A. Bodek, R. Bradford, H. Budd, J. Chvojka, P. de Barbaro, S. Manly, K. McFarland*, J. Park, W. Sakumoto, J. Steinman*University of Rochester*
- R. Gilman, C. Glasshausser, X. Jiang,G. Kumbartzki, K. McCormick, R. Ransome#, E. Schulte*Rutgers University*
- A. Chakravorty*Saint Xavier University*
- D. Cherdack, H. Gallagher, T. Kafka, W.A. Mann, W. Oliver*Tufts University*
- J.K. Nelson#, F.X. Yumiceva*The College of William and Mary*

- * Co-Spokespersons# Members of the MINERvA Executive Committee

- D. Harris, MINERvA:  DOE Site Visit

- 25 May 2005

**Notes:**
Our collaboration is modest in size (well-sized for the scope of project)Significant involvement of “nuclear physics” groups (JLab users and staff)

## MINERA and Oscillations 

- m2 Measurement:  need  energy calibration!
-  absorption, rescattering
- final state rest mass

- 

- 

- Nuclear Effects Studied in Charged Lepton Scattering, from Deuterium to Lead, at High energies, but nuclear corrections may be different!

- e appearance searches:  near and far detectors are by definition very different!

- D. Harris, MINERvA:  DOE Site Visit

- 25 May 2005

**Notes:**
In MINOS: need energy but what you see in calorimeter is not what came in
MINERvA helps to untangle this by studying nuclear effects in exclusive final states
We argue this effectively increases proton efficiency of MINOS

## MINERA and Cross-Sections

- High Q2 axial form factor of nucleon(complements high Q2 vector FF, hot at JLab)
- coherent cross-sections vs. energy(exploit resolution, containing detector)
- differential dists. of exclusive final states(multi-purpose containing detector, high stats)
- A-dependence of:
- low Q2 elastic (K2K/MiniBooNE “low Q2 problem”?)
- exclusive final states (nuclear re-interactions)
- deep inelastic scattering (F2, xF3)

- D. Harris, MINERvA:  DOE Site Visit

- 25 May 2005

**Notes:**
It’s not the focus of the talk (has been in previous PAC presentations and discussions) 
To remind you of some of the highlights (and on slide but not in words where they come from)
high Q^2 form factor in axial current (hot topic at JLab because of surprises in vector FF)
coherent scattering... nail rate and A dependence which are very poorly known at low E and light A
differential distribution of exclusive reactions (largely important for oscillation)
first comprehensive studies of A dependence in axial current

## Sample Expected Results

- Axial Form Factor athigh Q2: two modelswith MINERA errors

- A-dependence of coherent pion production: two modelswith MINERA errors

- F2, Pb/C,withMINERAerrors

- D. Harris, MINERvA:  DOE Site Visit

- 25 May 2005

**Notes:**
without describing in detail...
MINERvA is taking essential unknowns here
high Q^2 axial FFs
A dependence in DIS SFs
A dependence and level of coherent scattering (narrow band is region where coherent scattering is measured)
why so good? overwhelming statistics, broad variety of final state particles reconstructed with good acceptance, separation of different exclusive reactions

## To Accomplish its Goals...

- MINERA proposes to build a low-risk detector with simple, well-understood technology
- Active core is segmented solid scintillator (K2K SciBar)
- tracking (including low momentum recoil protons)
- particle identification
- few ns timing (track direction, identify stopped K±)
- Surrounded by electromagnetic and then hadronic calorimeters
- photon (0) and hadron (±) energy measurement
- magnetized for charge, momentum measurement of escaping muons at wide angles

- D. Harris, MINERvA:  DOE Site Visit

- 25 May 2005

**Notes:**
MINERvA detector is simple... reduce risks in schedule, cost and technical failure
Solid scint core (fully active part necessary for soft tracks, photon tracking)
This “chewy center” surrounded by crunchy shell of tracking calorimeters gives particle containment, energy measurement and particle ID
Muons are not contained always... rely on MINOS near for forward muons

## Basic Detector Geometry

- 

- Active segmented scint. detector 5.87 tons
- ~1 ton of US nuclear target planes (C, Fe, Pb)

- DS Cals, Nucl. Targets just add absorber to scintillator planes
- Magnetized OD (HCAL) frames

- D. Harris, MINERvA:  DOE Site Visit

- 25 May 2005

**Notes:**
Cartoon of the detector: walk through from inside

## Extruded Scintillator and Optics

- Basic element: 1.7x3.3cm triangular strips.1.2mm WLS fiber readout in center hole

- MINERA optical system

- D. Harris, MINERvA:  DOE Site Visit

- 25 May 2005

**Notes:**
assemble triangular strips into planes.  may add absorber between them to make calorimeters
OD: square strips
well-worn technical choice.  triangular light sharing for precision tracking pioneered by D0 preshower

## Fermilab Responsibilities

- Co-spokesperson:  Jorge Morfin
- Project Management:
- Project Manager:  Deborah Harris
- Co-Deputy PM:  Nancy Grossman
- Document coordinator:  Dave Boehnlein
- Bill Freeman, Suzanne Pacek, project office
- ES&H Oversight and Review:  Mike Andrews
- Scintillator Extrusions:  Anna Pla, L2 Manager
- Fiber & Connector Polishing:  Eileen Hahn
- Electronics Design:  Paul Rubinov
- Magnetic Coil:  Bob Wands
- Detector Stand:  Ernie Villegas
- Installation:  Peter Shanahan, co-L2 Manager

- D. Harris, MINERvA:  DOE Site Visit

- 25 May 2005

## MINERA Schedule

- April 2004 – Stage I approval from FNAL PAC
- October 2004 – Complete first Vertical Slice Test with MINERνA extrusions, WLS fiber and Front-End electronics
- January 2005 – First Project Director’s (‘Temple’) Review
- Summer 2005 – Second Vertical Slice Test
- End CY 2005 – Projected Date for MINERvA Project Baseline Review
- October 2006 – Start of Construction
- Summer 2008 – Begin MINERvA Installation and Commissioning in NuMI Near Hall

- D. Harris, MINERvA:  DOE Site Visit

- 25 May 2005

**Notes:**
Have a detailed scheudle that allows us to analyze critical path, effect of delaying funding
Key results are here... 18 mo from construction funds if active R&D in meantime.  Starting from where we are now if funding arrives when we want it is 24 mo.

## MINERA R&D Progress

- Completed a vertical slice test (VST1)
- Inner detector scintillator extrusions
- FNAL, NIU
- WLS fibers to PMT Box (MINOS) and similar PMT
- Rochester, Tufts, FNAL (MINOS)
- Prototype MINERvA Front-End electronics
- FNAL, Irvine, Pittsburgh, Rochester
- Mechanical Design “complete” at concept level
- Rochester, FNAL, Tufts
- Prototyping cables, steel, PMT box: Tufts, Rutgers, Rochester
- Hit-Level Simulation
- Irvine, Pittsburgh

*support for this work from FNAL-PPD, DOE HEP university funds, and funds from collaborating universities*

- D. Harris, MINERvA:  DOE Site Visit

- 25 May 2005

**Notes:**
We have constructed a vertical slice of prototypes with ID extrusions through DAQ (some parts not actual MINERvA parts... PMT box and fiber cables)
Well advanced 3D mechanical design.  Addressing issues like layout of PMTs on top of detector, etc.
Prototyping well along
Physics results and detector optimization backed up by hit level simulation
Orally acknowledge support

## Vertical Slice Test (VST1)

- VST1 array,electronics and DAQ

- 8 PE/MIP per doublet

- D. Harris, MINERvA:  DOE Site Visit

- 25 May 2005

**Notes:**
pretty pictures showing the parts of our VST1 and the main result.. adequate light yield

## Current Prototyping

- Refining scint. extrusion
- First “trapezoid” of OD steel
- Prototype PMT box
- Prototype clear fiber cables in progress
- 2nd Prototype front-end andprototype readout electronics

- D. Harris, MINERvA:  DOE Site Visit

- 25 May 2005

**Notes:**
Trying to build the “first one” of many parts.
Key effort is electronics at FNAL but many smaller efforts at Universities.

## Remaining FY05 R&D Plans

- Co-extruder purchase and installation (63k$)
- Get best estimate for light levels and tracking resolution
- Fibers and Scintillator consumables (79k$)
- Connector Prototyping and light-tightness measurements (65k$)
- Begin scintillator plane assembly R&D  (51k$)
- Get long bars of triangular extrusions
- Fiber routing, gluing, etc. (extra 58k$ for fibers)
- PMT Box Factory Setup (38k$)
- Electronics Design Work, to be used in PMT testing
- Detector Stand, Connectors (7k$), Magnetics, Installation design

- Total M&S for FY05 R&D:  300k$

- D. Harris, MINERvA:  DOE Site Visit

- 25 May 2005

## FY06 R&D Plans

- PMT Testing Facilities (JMU, Athens)—are we ready to make bulk purchase?
- Plane Assembly (HU, W&M):  build Half Plane Prototype to test module scanning procedure
- PMT Boxes: make enough to do PMT tests (Tufts, Rutgers)
- Continue Design Work
- Electronics (FNAL)
- Frame, Coil (FNAL, Rochester)
- Outer Detector (Rochester)
- Installation Procedure (FNAL)
- Scintillator extrusions:  make enough for half plane prototype, work on Outer Detector die
- Fiber and Connector Prototyping (FNAL, Rochester)

- D. Harris, MINERvA:  DOE Site Visit

- 25 May 2005

## Status of MINERA Project

- Detailed costing and schedule model
- basis for our design report and DOE/NSF proposals
- First FNAL director’s (“Temple”) review 1/05
- generally positive report... they were impressed with our level of detail in design, cost, safety, etc.
- recommended: formal project management plan, cost vs. physics optimization studies, development of more detailed resource-loaded cost and schedule model
- Current Negotiations with Lab:
- Effort to level the funding profile
- “What would happen if we brought a University-based factory to FNAL”

- D. Harris, MINERvA:  DOE Site Visit

- 25 May 2005

**Notes:**
Theme: we are proceeding like an approved experiment trying to morph into a construction project
Since approval costing models are much better (net increase in costs relative to proposal ~$1.5M/$10M), and schedule increasingly dependable and useful (same as proposal in infinite funding limit)
We are going through technical and project reviews... passed our first one.  Predictably got important homework that we are addressing.  Construction could be baselined in Fall 05, we believe.

## Project Management

- Experiment has proposed and Fermilab directorate approved
- Project Manager:  Deborah Harris
- Two co-Deputy Project Managers
- Ron Ransome overseeing University efforts
- Nancy Grossman overseeing Fermilab efforts
- Project Management Plan has been drafted by the executive committee
- Plan has had first reading by Ed Temple and Dean Hoffer, iterating with Project Manager and co-Deputy Project Managers

- D. Harris, MINERvA:  DOE Site Visit

- 25 May 2005

**Notes:**
We are developing a detailed PMP.  Have chosen a project manager with tentative lab blessing.
Working with 2nd floor to refine our PMP/Project tools (continuing feedback from Temple et al)

## MINERA Costs

|  | FY'05 | FY'06 | FY'07 | FY'08 |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Fermilab Labor | 190 | 449 | 576 | 282 |  |
| Fermilab M&S | 7 | 0 | 200 | 526 |  |
| Funds to University | 297 | 876 | 3022 | 2880 |  |
| Total | 494 | 1325 | 3798 | 3689 | 9305 |

- Costs (in k$) as best we know them now (including ~40% contingency, **no FNAL G&A**)
- will revisit in detail before baselining
- R&D only in FY05-06, Mostly Construction Funds in FY07-08

**Red:  already approved by FNAL**

**NSF MRI still pending:  2M$ total, 500k R&D, for Funds to Univ.**

- D. Harris, MINERvA:  DOE Site Visit

- 25 May 2005

**Notes:**
This is one breakdown of costs... another in the backup slides
about 50-50 equipment and people
includes ~40% contingency and most G&A (need some additional FNAL G&A, $0.5M in current funding model)
this model assumes many things

## MINERA...

- Opportunity for unique and critical FNAL role in world neutrino efforts in a modest-scale project
- construction funds in FY07 means running in FY09
- only possible because of investment in NuMI
- On track technically to build and use detector
- R&D and prototyping progressing
- FNAL folks play important roles in several different parts of the experiment!

- D. Harris, MINERvA:  DOE Site Visit

- 25 May 2005

## backup slides

## Example Events

- Quasi-elastic n–p
- proton and muon tracks are clearly resolved
- observed energy deposit is shown as size of hit; can clearly see larger proton dE/dx
- precise determination of vertex and measurement of Q2 from tracking

- 

- p

- 

- D. Harris, MINERvA:  DOE Site Visit

- 25 May 2005

## Example Events (cont’d)

- 0 Production
- two photons clearly resolved (tracked).  can find vertex.
- some photons shower in ID,some in side ECAL (Pb absorber) region
- photon energy resolution is ~6%/sqrt(E) (average)

- 

- 

- 

- D. Harris, MINERvA:  DOE Site Visit

- 25 May 2005

## MINERA statistics and running

**Main Physics Topics with Expected Produced Statistics**
**Quasi-elastic** - +n --> +p -  300 K events off 3 tons CH
**Resonance Production** - e.g. +N --->  /600 K total, 450K 1
**Coherent Pion Production** - +A -->  /25 K CC / 12.5 K NC
**Nuclear Effects** - C: 0.6M events, Fe: 1M and Pb: 1 M
-  ******T**** and Structure Functions** - 2.8 M total /1.2 M DIS events
**Strange and Charm Particle Production** - (> 60 K **fully** reconstructed)

- Assume 9x1020 POT: 7**.0x**1020** in LE ********beam, 1.2x**1020** in sME ********beam and 0.8x**1020** in sHE ********beam**

-  Event Rates per fiducial ton
- Process		CC	  NC
- Quasi-elastic	103 K	  42 K
- Resonance		196 K	  70 K
- Transition		210 K         	  65 K
- DIS		420 K	125 K
- Coherent		 8.4 K	 4.2 K
**TOTAL****	****	****940 K****	****305 K**

**Typical Fiducial Volume = **
**3-5 tons CH,  0.6 ton C, ≈ 1 ton Fe **
**and ≈ 1 ton Pb**
**3 - 4.5 M events in CH**
**0.5 M events in C**
**1 M events in Fe**
**1 M events in Pb**

- D. Harris, MINERvA:  DOE Site Visit

- 25 May 2005

## Vital Statistics of MINERA

| Number of Channels | 30992 |
| --- | --- |
| Channels in ID+CALS | 25088 |
| Channels in OD | 5904 |
| Volume of Scintillator (m3) | 22.5 |
| WLS Fiber (km) | 90.7 |
| Clear Fiber (km) | 41.6 |
| Number of M-64 PMTs | 503 |
| Mass of ID (metric tons) | 10.8 |
| Mass of OD in ID region (metric tons) | 98.0 |
| Mass of CALS, Nuclear Targets (metric tons) | 27.2 |
| Mass of OD in CAL region (metric tons) | 62.9 |
| Total MINERvA Mass (metric tons) | 199 |
| Plastic Region Mass (metric tons) | 5.87 |
| Data Rate (bits/spill) | 7.9E+6 |

- D. Harris, MINERvA:  DOE Site Visit

- 25 May 2005

**Notes:**
channels: dominated by ID and nuclear targets (~20% from calorimeters, ~20% from OD)
mass dominated by OD

## A Brief History of MINERA

- December 2002 - Two EOIs for neutrino scattering experiments using the NuMI beam and similar detector concepts presented to the PAC. PAC  suggests uniting efforts and preparing proposal.
- December 2003 - MINERA proposal presented to PAC.  PAC requests more quantitative physics studies and details of MINERA’s impact on Fermilab.
- January 2004 -Submit proposal for MRI funding support (maximum $2M) of partial detector to NSF.  Rejected due to no guarantee for funding rest of detector.
- March 2004 - MINERA Impact Statement submitted to Directorate and presented to an Impact Review Committee.
- April 2004 - Proposal addendum containing additional physics studies and report from the Impact Review Committee presented to PAC.  Receive Stage I approval.
- Summer 2004 - R&D Program concentrating on front-end electronics, scintillator extrusions and a “vertical slice test”
- October 2004 - Proposal to NP and EPP of NSF to fund bulk of MINERA.
- December 2004 - Proposal to NP and HEP of DOE to fund bulk of MINERA.
- January 2005 - First Director’s Review of MINERA
- February 2005 – With release of FY06 budget, DOE of budget process crystallizes; decision that MINERvA must be primarily funded by FNAL budget.

- D. Harris, MINERvA:  DOE Site Visit

- 25 May 2005