# Presentation: 778179

## Working with Veterans Affairs to Help Students

**Working with Veterans Affairs to Help Students**

- Bill Susling
- U.S. Department of Veterans AffairsHarold McCullough
- U.S. Department of Education, FSA

## Session Overview

- Veterans Education Programs that VA Does and Does Not Administer
- General Payment Rules and Processing Claims for VA Programs
- Statutory and Regulatory Definitions for Title IV Purposes
- Treatment of Veterans Education Benefits for Title IV Purposes

## Veterans Education Benefits

- Veterans Education Programs that VA administers
- Montgomery GI Bill—Active Duty
- Montgomery GI Bill—Selected Reserve
- Dependents Educational Assistance
- Reserve Educational Assistance Program

## Veterans Education Benefits

- Post Vietnam Era Educational Assistance Program
- Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment
- Restored Entitlement Program for Survivors

## Veterans Education Benefits

- Veterans Education Programs VA Doesn’t Administer
- Reserve Officer Training Corps Scholarship
- Reserve Officer Training Corps Program

## Veterans Education Benefits

- General Payment Rules for VA Programs
- Payments generally are made to the student
- Payments are generally made monthly
- Payments are affected by-
- The program
- The student’s “training time”

**Notes:**
Here are some general rules about VA payments.  Where there are exceptions I’ll mention them later on.

Every program has at least some eligibility rules that are different from the others.  So there are different items that affect payment.  I’ll explain as we go along.

For most purposes students are either full time or part time but not for VA purposes.

EXPLAIN VA TRAINING TIME AND EFFECT ON PAYMENTS  

## Montgomery GI Bill—Active Duty (Ch. 30)

- For Individuals Who Entered Active Duty Pre-1977 or Post-mid-1985
- Three Basic Full-time Monthly Rates
- $840
- $1,034
- $1,222

**Notes:**
Doesn’t necessarily include activated reservists.  Servicemembers must have pay reduced by $100 per month for 12 months.  Those that decline during boot camp to do this aren’t eligible for this benefit.  Veteran must have an honorable discharge from at least one period of service.  VA determines eligibility.
Veterans have 10 years to use benefit.  They get 36 months of benefits or the equivalent in part-time benefits.    
Monthly Rates—Formerly eligible for Vietnam Era GI Bill--$1,192,  two years service--$816 and three years service--$1,004
Rates are adjusted annually on Oct. 1 based on the annual rise in the CPI

## Montgomery GI Bill—Active Duty (Ch. 30)

- Factors that Affect the Amount of MGIB—Active Duty Payments
- Number of Dependents
- “Kickers”
- “Buy Up”
- Active Duty Status

## Montgomery GI Bill—Selected Reserve (Ch. 1606)

- For Individuals Who Entered the Selected Reserve (Including the Guard) from Mid-1985 to Present
- Current basic rate is $297 per month
- Factors that Affect the Amount of MGIB—Selected Reserve Payments
- Continued eligibility
- “Kickers”

## Reserve Educational Assistance Program (REAP or Ch. 1607)

- For Reservists Called to Active Duty After Sept. 10, 2001
- Factors that Affect REAP Payments
- Continued eligibility
- Length of time spent on active duty
- Basic full-time monthly rates are $413.60, $620.40, and $827.20
- MGIB—SR “kickers”
- Active Duty Status

## Reserve Educational Assistance Program (REAP or Ch. 1607) 

- Timeline for Making the First Payments
- Goal is to begin payments as soon as possible
- Payments cannot be made until DoD and the Coast Guard establish procedures for determining who is eligible

## Reserve Educational Assistance Program (REAP or Ch. 1607)

- Initial Payments Will Include Many Lump-Sum Payments for Training Completed Before the First Payment Is Made

## Post-Vietnam Era Veterans’ Educational Assistance Program (VEAP or Ch. 32) 

- For Individuals Who Entered Active Duty 1977-mid-1985
- Educational Assistance Pilot Program
- Factors that Affect the Amount of Payments
- Amount contributed
- “Kickers”

## Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment (Ch. 31)

- Served on or after September 16, 1940 AND
- Service-connected disabilities are rated at least 20% VA (or 10% if there is a serious employment handicap) AND

## Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment (Ch. 31)

- Vocational rehabilitation is required to overcome an employment handicap AND
- Less than 12 years since VA notified of the eligibility (longer if certain conditions prevented training)

## Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment (Ch. 31)

- A veteran eligible for this benefit has his/her tuition and fees paid by VA to the educational institution
- VA also pays for necessary books and supplies
- Veteran receives a monthly subsistence allowance
- Current basic full-time rate is $488.50 per month

## Dependents’ Educational Assistance  (Ch. 35)

- For Children, Spouses and Surviving Spouses of Individuals—
- Who died while on active duty; or
- Whose death was caused by a service-connected disability; or

## Dependents’ Educational Assistance  (Ch. 35)

- Who died while permanently and totally disabled as a result of a service-connected disability; or
- Who have a permanent and total service-connected disability

## Dependents’ Educational Assistance  (Ch. 35)

- Current basic full-time rate is $827 per month
- Choice of beginning date of eligibility affects payments

## Restored Entitlement Program for Survivors 

- Restores to the survivors of some military personnel the Social Security benefits lost in 1981
- Survivors include children in college between age 18-22
- Monthly payments range from $800 to $1,700

## Education Beneficiaries Trained

## Processing Claims for Veterans Educational Benefits

- Vocational Rehabilitation claims are processed at each of VA’s 58 regional offices
- REPS claims are processed in St. Louis, MO

## Processing Claims for Veterans Educational Benefits

- Other claims for educational benefits are processed at four regional processing offices
- Buffalo, NY; Atlanta, GA; St. Louis, MO and Muskogee, OK

## Processing Claims for Veterans Educational Benefits

- Original Vocational Rehabilitation and Dependents’ Educational Assistance claims take the longest time
- Re-enrollments take the shortest time

## Claims Processing—VR&E

- Veteran applies for VR&E (completes 28-1900)
- VR&E Division in the regional office determines eligibility
- VR&E counselor determines entitlement

## Claims Processing—VR&E

- Veteran and counselor explore vocational goal based upon comprehensive assessment of skills, aptitudes and interests
- VR&E counselor and veteran develop rehabilitation plan
- VR&E provides case management services until veteran is rehabilitated

## Claims Processing—REPS

- Claims may be submitted at any VA office, but will be processed in St. Louis
- If eligibility has never been established, it takes 4 to 6 months for the claim to be processed
- After eligibility is established it takes 30-45 days to process a supplemental claim

## Claims Processing—Other Programs

- Claimant files a 22-1990 or 22-5490
- Educational institution certifies claimant’s enrollment
- VA, DoD or Coast Guard determines eligibility
- Payment is authorized

## Web Sites

- Education Service Home Page_[http://www.GIBill.va.gov](http://www.gibill.va.gov/)_
- Has information on basic monthly rates for ch.30, ch.1606, and ch.1607
- Veterans Benefits Administration Home Page at _[http://www.vba.va.gov](http://www.vba.va.gov/)_
- Click on Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment and drill down to ch. 31 rates

## Statutory Definitions:“Untaxed Income and Benefits”

- “Untaxed Income and Benefits” (HEA section 480(b))
- Includes veterans non-education benefits but not veterans education benefits
- Veterans non-education benefits are collected on FAFSA Worksheet B
- Veterans non-education benefits are used in calculating the student’s EFC

## Statutory Definitions:“Other Financial Assistance”

- “Other Financial Assistance” (HEA section 480(j))
- Includes veterans education benefits (HEA section 480(c)) a student will receive during the award year
- Veterans education benefits are reported in questions 46 and 47 of the 2005-2006 FAFSA
- Veterans education benefits are not used in EFC calculation

## Regulatory Definitions: “Resources” and “Estimated Financial Assistance”

- “Resources” is the term used for “Other Financial Assistance” under the campus-based regulations (34 CFR 673.5)
- The same items are referred to as “Estimated Financial Assistance” under the FFEL and Direct Loan regulations (34 CFR 682.200 and 685.102)

## Regulatory Definition: “Estimated Financial Assistance”

- The HEA (section 428(a)(2)(C)) requires a school to exclude Montgomery GI Bill-Active Duty (Chapter 30) veterans education benefits and AmeriCorps education awards or post-service benefits from EFA when determining subsidized FFEL and Direct Loan eligibility

## Regulatory Definition: “Estimated Financial Assistance”

- This exclusion is repeated in the definition of EFA in the FFEL and Direct Loan regulations

## Regulatory Definition: “Resources”

- The HEA did not provide a similar exclusion of these benefits for the campus-based programs
- To allow students to have the full advantage of the statutory exclusion of these benefits for subsidized loans without losing campus-based eligibility, the campus-based regulations added an exclusion to the definition of “resources”

## Regulatory Definition: “Resources”

- When determining a student’s eligibility for campus-based funds, a school may exclude as a “resource” any portion of a subsidized FFEL or Direct Loan that is equal to or less than the amount of the student’s Montgomery GI Bill-Active Duty benefits and AmeriCorps education awards or post-service benefits

## Packaging Example: Montgomery GI Bill-Active Duty Benefits

- John is a first-year, independent undergraduate enrolled in a 4-year program at Bradford University
- He has an EFC of 1800, a Pell Grant of $2,000, and Montgomery GI Bill-Active Duty benefits of $4,200
- His need is $7,700 ($9,500 COA – 1800 EFC)

## Packaging Example

- His assistance from the Pell Grant and Montgomery GI Bill-Active Duty benefits equals $6,200 ($2,000 + 4,200)
- The difference between his need and assistance is $1,500 ($7,700 – 6,200)

## Packaging Example

- Because the Montgomery GI Bill-Active Duty benefits do not count as EFA for subsidized loans, John is eligible for a subsidized Stafford loan in an amount that exceeds $1,500

## Packaging Example

- His COA minus his EFC and Pell Grant would leave an unmet need of $5,700 ($9,500 – 1,800 – 2,000) based on the required exclusion
- The maximum subsidized loan amount for a first-year student is $2,625 and is less than his $5,700 unmet need for subsidized loan purposes, so he is able to receive a subsidized loan up to $2,625

## Packaging Example

- The decision to take out a subsidized loan is the student’s to make and the school must follow the HEA and regulations
- In this example, his assistance totals $8,825 ($2,000 + 4,200 + 2,625) which exceeds his need of $7,700
- This is not considered an overaward or an overpayment under the HEA and regulations

## Packaging Example

- John is also eligible for campus-based aid if the school chooses to exclude his subsidized loan as a resource up to the amount of his Montgomery GI Bill-Active Duty benefits
- His need is $7,700 and his total resources minus the subsidized loan would be $6,200 ($8,825 – 2,625)

## Packaging Example

- The school may award campus-based aid up to $1,500 ($7,700 – 6,200), for example, $1,000 in FWS funds and $500 in FSEOG funds
- The decision to apply the campus-based “resource” exclusion is a school option, it is not required

## Packaging Example

- Under this campus-based exclusion, his assistance would be as follows:
- 2,000 Pell Grant
- 4,200 Montgomery GI Bill-Active Duty
- 2,625 Subsidized Stafford loan
- 1,000 FWS
- _   __500 FSEOG_
-   $10,325 Total aid

## Packaging Example

- His assistance of $10,325 would exceed his need of $7,700 and his COA of $9,500
- Again, this is not considered an overaward or an overpayment

## Treatment of New Chapter 1607 Veterans Education Benefits

- A school must account for Chapter 1607 veterans education benefits as a “resource” and “estimated financial assistance” beginning with the 2005-2006 award year, excluding payments made for previous award years

## Treatment of New Chapter 1607 Veterans Education Benefits

- Retroactive payments for the 2001-2002, 2002-2003, 2003-2004, and 2004-2005 award years will not have to be considered by a school for purposes of overawards and overpayments

## Contact Information

-    If you have further questions, we can be contacted at:
-    Bill.Susling@vba.va.gov
-    Harold.McCullough@ed.gov