# Presentation: 185409

- STAY OUT OF HARM'S WAY

## QUESTIONS:

- Do you think that an individual’s actions should be reviewed in accident investigations?
- Do you think that an individual’s actions are a common denominator for some of our most recent accidents?
- If so, how do we fix this?
- How can we motivate people to make the correct choices?
- Any other comments or suggestions?

## 	A 44-year old preparation plant operator with 25 years of total experience fell approximately 19 feet through a four-foot square opening in the upper level flooring at a conveyor drive station onto a conveyor tail pulley at a lower level of a surface facility. The flooring had been removed to allow materials to be lowered for construction work.  The opening had been protected with nylon rope and flagging.  The victim, a plant foreman, was aware of the work being performed.  Earlier in the day, the victim had been seen going under the flagging, to go to an elevator.

## Think about how to do the task safely
Miners involved must be properly trained
Evaluations must be made to ensure that the location is safe
Miners must maintain focus on the task at hand
Known hazards tend to become routine which  tends to promote complacency.  This complacency may not allow us to acknowledge the hazards or identify changes that can affect our safety.
Supervisors as well as miners must observe/evaluate/determine the assignment in progress.

- Miners involved must be properly trained
- Evaluations must be made to ensure that the location is safe
- Miners must maintain focus on the task at hand
- Known hazards tend to become routine which  tends to promote complacency.  This complacency may not allow us to acknowledge the hazards or identify changes that can affect our safety.
- Supervisors as well as miners must observe/evaluate/determine the assignment in progress.

## A  29-year old laborer with seven years experience was fatally injured while operating an Eimco 975 diesel-powered, 5th wheel equipped, utility vehicle at the surface supply yard of an underground coal mine.  The victim had unhitched from a frozen water tank trailer in order to go underground and get another tank to water the underground roadways.  While doing this, he accidentally drove his vehicle under the canopy of a longwall shield that was stored in the supply yard resulting in severe head injuries.  The Eimco utility vehicle was not equipped with a protective cab or canopy.

- A  29-year old laborer with seven years experience was fatally injured while operating an Eimco 975 diesel-powered, 5th wheel equipped, utility vehicle at the surface supply yard of an underground coal mine.  The victim had unhitched from a frozen water tank trailer in order to go underground and get another tank to water the underground roadways.  While doing this, he accidentally drove his vehicle under the canopy of a longwall shield that was stored in the supply yard resulting in severe head injuries.  The Eimco utility vehicle was not equipped with a protective cab or canopy.

**SIMULATION**

## Physical and mental fatigue from working long and rotating shifts.  Some individuals have a difficult time with the body’s cycles when working rotating shifts.
Supervisory or peer pressure applied for speed to get the job done.  In an effort to complete a task ASAP, time is not taken to assess the situation, the area, and the risks involved.  Sound judgments of a situation or assessments of the issues are missing.
Miners must ensure that the location is safe.
Find and use the correct tools for each job.
Workers must maintain focus on the task at hand.
Known hazards tend to become routine which tends to promote complacency.  This complacency may not allow us to acknowledge the hazards or identify changes that can affect our safety.
Supervisors and miners must observe/evaluate/determine the assignment in progress.

- Supervisory or peer pressure applied for speed to get the job done.  In an effort to complete a task ASAP, time is not taken to assess the situation, the area, and the risks involved.  Sound judgments of a situation or assessments of the issues are missing.
- Miners must ensure that the location is safe.
- Find and use the correct tools for each job.
- Workers must maintain focus on the task at hand.
- Known hazards tend to become routine which tends to promote complacency.  This complacency may not allow us to acknowledge the hazards or identify changes that can affect our safety.
- Supervisors and miners must observe/evaluate/determine the assignment in progress.

## RECOIL ACCIDENTS

- Two fatal recoil accidents in the past five months.
- 22 non-fatal injuries in the past three years as a result of recoil, rigging, and come-a-long accidents.
- Significant number associated with longwalls.

## Slide 8

## F-bar with Guards

## Removing Shield from Face

## SLINGS

- Chain Slings
- 2.  Wire Rope Slings
- 3.  Synthetic Web Slings

## THE FIRST ONE I CAN FIND

-                METHOD

- SOMETIMES CHAINS ARE NEEDED TO
- ACCOMPLISH SOMETHING QUICKLY, LIKE TOWING A DISABLED VEHICLE OR
- DRAGGING SOMETHING OUT OF THE WAY.  WHEN TIME IS A FACTOR, SELECTION AND INSPECTION ARE STEPS SOMETIMES EASILY OVERLOOKED.

## USE SLINGS OF ADEQUATE SIZE AND STRENGTH. 

Be familiar with manufacturer’s recommendations for use and identification methods for rated load capacity and test dates.

- Be familiar with manufacturer’s recommendations for use and identification methods for rated load capacity and test dates.

## 

Never overload a sling! 

Remember, the wider the sling legs are spread apart, the less the sling can lift!

**Never overload a sling! **
***Remember, the wider the sling legs are spread apart, the less the sling can lift!***
***        ******	******	******	******                      **** ***	****	****	****         *****	******   ***

**1000 lbs Lift Capacity**

**707 lbs Lift Capacity**

**500 lbs Lift Capacity**

## CONNECTIONS

**The load capacity of the sling is determined by its weakest component.**
**Match size and working load limit of attachments to sling.**
** **

## 	A 36-year old utility person with 4 years of mining experience was fatally injured at a surface coal mine. The victim and a co-worker were using two pick-up trucks to assist moving the power cable for an electric shovel that was being repositioned. One of the trucks lost traction in a muddy area and a nylon tow rope was attached to a hook on the truck's front end. The toe rope was then attached to a hook on the back of the second pick-up. On the first attempt to pull the truck, the metal hook broke loose from the hitch of the front truck, pierced the windshield of the rear truck and struck the victim's head. 

## Known 	hazards tend to become routine which tends to promote complacency.  This complacency may not allow us to acknowledge the hazards or identify changes that can affect our safety.
Supervisors and miners must observe/evaluate/determine 	the assignment in progress.

- Supervisors and miners must observe/evaluate/determine 	the assignment in progress.

## IMPROPER  USE OF CHAINS

- KNOTTED
- TWISTED
- BOLTED TOGETHER

## Wire Rope Clips

- WRONG WAY: CLIPS REVERSED

- WRONG WAY: CLIPS STAGGERED

- RIGHT WAY FOR MAXIMUM ROPE STRENGTH

## EXAMINATIONS

- Examine sling and anchorage points prior to each use for damage and wear!

- ●

## Chain Sling Inspection Items

- Links that are bent, stretched, cracked, or gouged.

- Bent

- Wear and Stretch

## Wire Rope Sling Inspection Items

- Broken wires, kinking or other distortion, corrosion, and wear.

## Synthetic Sling Inspection Items

- Melting, cuts, broken stitching, and stretching.

- To assist operators in determining if a sling is stretched, manufacturers incorporate a **red *****wear cord*** inside of the sling.  When this red wear cord can be readily seen upon inspecting the sling, the sling has been stretched and is to be removed

## HOOKS

- Side Loaded

- Back Loaded

- Tip Loaded

- Never use a hook whose throat opening has been increased, or whose tip has been bent.
- Hooks should not be side loaded, back loaded, or tip loaded.

## A 44-year old longwall shearer operator with 26 years of mining experience was fatally injured while attempting to advance a longwall shield. The longwall face was being mined through a setup room containing cementatious "cutable" cribs. These cribs failed, causing many of the shields to fully collapse. To advance the longwall, chains were attached from the collapsed shields to the panline. Using two adjacent shields to push the panline, the collapsed shield was pulled forward with the attached chains and the shield's double-acting ram. Miners were positioned on each of the three affected shields to manually operate them. During this process, the chain hook broke. The remaining part of the hook and the chain assembly recoiled, striking the miner operating the collapsed shield in the head. 

## Miners must think about how to do the task safely.
All miners involved must be properly trained.
Take the necessary time to find and use the correct tools.
We must assure that miners are not unfamiliar with the task, job, or equipment.  Persons take on tasks or are assigned tasks that they are not trained and/or equipped to perform.
Supervisors and miners must communicate when there are near misses.  People don’t want others to know about near misses.  They become embarrassed because they had erred due to inexperience, rushing, use of poor judgment, or had their thoughts elsewhere.  Just because you didn’t get hurt does not mean that the next person will be as lucky.

- All miners involved must be properly trained.
- Take the necessary time to find and use the correct tools.
- We must assure that miners are not unfamiliar with the task, job, or equipment.  Persons take on tasks or are assigned tasks that they are not trained and/or equipped to perform.
- Supervisors and miners must communicate when there are near misses.  People don’t want others to know about near misses.  They become embarrassed because they had erred due to inexperience, rushing, use of poor judgment, or had their thoughts elsewhere.  Just because you didn’t get hurt does not mean that the next person will be as lucky.

## For every 300 near miss accidents, there will be 29 minor accidents.  And for every 29 minor accidents, there will be one serious accident.  If we encourage people to report near miss accidents, we can expect minor accidents to be reduced and possibly the serious accident will be eliminated.

## SHACKLES

- Angle loads must be applied in the bow.  Many shackles incorporate guide markings to check the angle of side pull.

## Slide 29

## Slide 30

## Other Suggestions

- Use sheave wheels or pads to pull around corners.
- Use tow bars when possible.
- Equipment with winches should be equipped with guarding for the operator.

## CONCLUSIONS

- Maintain Communications!!
- Stay Clear!!  All persons **MUST **be in a safe location!!

## QUESTIONS:

- Do you think that an individual’s actions should be reviewed in accident investigations?
- Do you think that an individual’s actions are a common denominator for some of our most recent accidents?
- If so, how do we fix this?
- How can we motivate people to make the correct choices?
- Any other comments or suggestions?

## Any person that did not get the opportunity to field their questions, or would like to make additional comments/suggestions, please contact MSHA’s District 9 office at: 

- Any person that did not get the opportunity to field their questions, or would like to make additional comments/suggestions, please contact MSHA’s District 9 office at:
- Bob Cornett	Email:	_[Cornett.Bob@DOL.GOV](mailto:Cornett.Bob@DOL.GOV)_
- Al Davis		Email:	_Davis.Allyn@DOL.GOV_
- Mailing Address:	Mine Safety and Health Administration
- 		Coal Mine Safety and Health
- 		P. O. Box 25367 DFC
- 		Denver, CO  80225
- Telephone:	303-231-5458
- Fax:		303-231-5553