# Presentation: 071060

## Development of Prevention Services  Research at NIDA

- Expert panel  at the Society for Prevention Research – 1998
- Drug Abuse Prevention Intervention Research PA – 1999
- The Next Generation of Drug Abuse Prevention Research – 2000, 2001
- National Prevention Research Initiative
- Community Multi-site Prevention Trials, 2002
- Transdisciplinary Prevention Research Centers, 2002, 2003
- SPF SIG Program, 2004

**Notes:**
After Red Book 1, it became increasingly clear that something had to be done to better understand how to integrate effective interventions into practice.

A number of activities were undertaken.  

The first and critical one was a special meeting at SPR to define what research questions needed to be targeted.

Then there were a number of initiatives to address specific issues.

The Community Multi-site Prevention Trials is the most obvious piece with regard to Type 2 Translational Research and a number of issues were considered important to be addressed in that initiative 

## Current Scope of NIDA Prevention Services Research Portfolio

- Number of grants = 31
- Amount of money invested 2004 = $23,700,000
- Contexts addressed =
- Family
- Foster Care
- WIC
- Schools from preschools through high-school
-  Criminal Justice
- Public Health Departments
- State, Community

## Type Two Translation, is research on factors associated with the adoption and utilization of scientifically validated interventions by service systems under controlled, uncontrolled or uncontrollable conditions, i.e., services research.

**Type 2 Translational Research Defined**

## Translational Research: The Pictorial Version

**Type 1**

**Type 2**

**Translational Research: The Pictorial Version**

## What Part of Services Research is Type 2 Translational Research?

**Post-efficacy and -effectiveness research that leads to adoption, maintenance and sustainability of science-based interventions at the practice level.**

## Assumptions about Clinical Research Findings

- 	That promising new interventions with proven efficacy will be quickly and universally translated and offered to clients who might benefit from them

## Unfortunately, It IsRarely the Case

- In the real world, *translation of science-based practices, *stumble, largely unguided, toward uneven, incomplete and socially disappointing  outcomes.

## Communities and Schools Less Likely to Implement Research-based Interventions

- Ringwalt, et al., 2002

## Awareness = Adoption 

## So How Does the SPF SIG Collaboration Fit into this Relatively New Research Agenda?

-   It will aid in our understanding of the factors beyond the intervention itself that lead to successful outcomes
- It will demonstrate the usefulness of some research-based tools at the community level

## Mapping the Number of Risk Factors Creates a 3-D map:

## Risk Factor Profile Neighborhood #1

## Summary of Risk Factor Profile:  Neighborhood #1

*High in:*
- Transitions and mobility
- Attitudes favorable to substance use
- Early initiation of antisocial behavior
- Peer substance use
- Sensation seeking

*Low in:*
- Community disorganization
- Low neighborhood attachment
- Poor family management
- Family conflict

## Select Prevention Programs for Neighborhood #1

- Attitudes favorable to substance use with
*Parent training*
*Changes in community and school policies *
- Early initiation of antisocial behavior:
*Parent training*
*Classroom management*

## Areas for Further Research

- Provider Training and Support
- Intervention Access and Engagement
- Delivery Methods and Features
- Financing and Cost
- Sustainability
- Collaborative Research

## Collaborative Model

-   Encourage partnerships between researchers, practitioners, and people skilled in translation.

## Schematic Conceptualization of Prevention Science

**Services**

**Research**

**Questions**

**Schematic Conceptualization of Prevention Science**

**Translation **

**Prevention**

**Services **

**Questions**

**Efficacy**

**Research**

**Basic **

**Research**

**Large**

**-**

**scale**

**Effectiveness**

**Research**

**Systems**

**Research**

**Practice**

**Small**

**-**

**scale**

**Effectiveness **

**Research**