# Presentation: 378908

## The NOA Experiment(NuMI Off-Axis e Appearance Experiment)

**NO********A is an approved Fermilab experiment optimized for measuring *********e***** appearance with the goal of improving MINOS’s ************ ******** *********e***** measurement by approximately an order of magnitude.**
**The NO********A far detector will be**
**a 30 kT “totally active” liquid scintillator detector**
**located ~15 mrad (12 km) off the NuMI beamline axis near Ash River, MN, 810 km from Fermilab**
**The uniqueness of NO********A is the long baseline, which is necessary for determining the mass ordering of the neutrino states**
**[Thanks to Gary Feldman for many slides]**** **

## Depending on the values of as yet either not well known or unknown parameters, elucidating the lepton sector (mixing parameters, mass hierarchy order, CP violation) will likely range from just hard to nearly impossible
Both neutrino and antineutrino beams and multiple distance scales may well be necessary
Much about NOA, including the exact detector location will depend on better knowledge of 
MINOS experiment is running very well and approaching 1020 protons on target

**Both neutrino and antineutrino beams and multiple distance scales may well be necessary**
**Much about NO********A, including the exact detector location will depend on better knowledge of **
**MINOS experiment is running very well and approaching 10****20**** protons on target**

**Points to Consider **

## Off-Axis Rationale

**Both NO********A and T2K are sited off the neutrino beam axis.  This yields a narrow band beam:**
**More flux and less background (*********e*****’s from *****K***** decay and higher-energy NC events)**

## NOA Far Detector

**NO********A Far Detector**

**“****Totally Active”**
**30 kT: **
**   ****24 kT liquid scintillator **
**   ****6 kT PVC**
**32 cells/extrusion**
**12 extrusions/plane**
**1984 planes **
**Cell dimensions:**
**   ****3.9 cm x 6 cm x 15.7m**
**   ****(0.15 X****0**** thickness)**
**Extrusion walls (PVC):**
**   ****3 mm outer**
**   ****2 mm inner**
**U-shaped 0.8 mm WLS **
**fiber into APD**

**132 m**

**15.7m**

**15.7m**

**32-plane**
**block**

**Admirer**

## 1.87 GeV eN  ep+0x-z View

**Accepted**

***p***

***e***

********

********

## 2.11 GeV N  p0x-z View

**Accepted!**

******0**

***p***

## 1.86 GeV eN  ep+x-z View

**Not accepted**

******+**

***e***

***p***

## Electron ID and Resolution

**Electrons**

**Muons**

**Average pulse height per plane**

**Electron resolution**

## Far Detector Assembly

**One 8-plane sub-block**
**assembled per day**
**Detector has 248 sub-**
**blocks**

**8-plane**
**sub-block**

**32-plane**
**block**

**1-cm expan-**
**sion gap**

**32-plane**
**block**

## Far Detector BuildingProposal Design

**Bathtub for full **
**containment**

## Far Detector Building Design with Overburden

**Current plan is to use overburden of a few meters**

## Near Detector

**5 m**

**3.5 m**

**9.6 m**

**Veto region**

**Target region**

**Shower containment region**

**Muon catcher**
**1 m iron**

**262 T**
**145 T totally active**
**20.4 T fiducial**
**(central 2.5 x 3.25 m)**

**8-plane block**
**  ****10.6 T full**
**  ****1.6 T empty**

## Near Detector:Modular and Mobile

**M Test**

**MINOS Surface Building**

**NuMI Access Tunnel**

## Near Detector inMINOS Surface Building

**45,000************ CC events**

**2,200 ********e**** CC events**

**6.5 x 10****20**** pot in 75 mrad off-axis beam**

**Kaon peak**

## Near Detector in theAccess Tunnel

********** ****CC events**

******e**** CC events**

**Far Detector x 800**

**Site 1.5**

**Site 2**

## NOA Prospects

**The cancellation of the BTeV experiment caused a major change in the prospects for NO********A**
**Funds are available for medium size new initiatives**
**More protons are available**
**DoE has signaled that it is prepared to put funds for NO********A in the FY07 budget**
**Pending NuSAG/P5 and OMB approval**
**Strong Fermilab support**
**Only approved experiment in the post 2010 era**
**DOE regulations regarding building construction may require the University of Minnesota to take a very active role with respect to the Far Detector building**

## Post-Collider Proton Plan

**Proton Plan with Collider**
**9/11 Slip-stacked Booster batches at 5.5********10****12 ****p/batch**
**Repetition rate = 0.8 s (Booster) + 1.4 s (Ramp) = 2.2 s **
**10% for Collider shot setup + 5% for antiproton transfer**
** ******** ****3.4 ********10****20 ****protons/yr**** **
**Post-Collider Proton Plan**
**11 batches for neutrinos ******** 11/9 = ****1.22 factor**
**Hide Booster filling time in Recycler ******** 0.8 s ******** 0.067 s**** ******** 2.2 s ******** 1.467 s = ****1.50 factor**
**Save 10% shot setup and 5% antiproton transfer = ****1.17 factor**
** ******** ****(3.4 ********10****20 ****protons/yr)(****1.22****)(****1.50****)(****1.17****) = **** ****(7.3 ********10****20 ****protons/yr****)**
**Negotiated rate is 90% of this: ****(6.5********10****20 ****protons/yr)**** **
**Proton Driver rate taken as ****25********10****20 ****protons/yr**
**Fermilab is developing Proton Driver alternatives that might provide ~1/2 flux for a few times 10****7**** dollars**

## 3  Sensitivity to 13 0  

**5 year**
****** ****only**
**run**

## 3  Sensitivity to 13 0 

## 3  Sensitivity to 13 0Comparison with Proton Driver 

## 3  Sensitivity to 13 0 

## 3  Sensitivity to 13 0

## Importance of the Mass Ordering

**Window on very high energy scales: grand unified theories favor the normal mass ordering, but other approaches favor the inverted ordering.**
**If we establish the inverted ordering, then the next generation of neutrinoless double beta decay experiment can decide whether the neutrino is its own antiparticle.  However, if the normal ordering is established, a negative result from these experiments will be inconclusive.**
**To measure CP violation, we need to resolve the mass ordering, since it contributes an apparent CP violation that we must correct  for.**

## Role of NOA in Resolvingthe Mass Ordering

**The mass ordering can be resolved only by matter effects in the earth over long baselines.**
**NO********A is the only proposed experiment with a sufficiently long baseline to resolve the mass ordering.**
**The siting of NO********A is optimized for this measurement.**
**NO********A is the first step in a step-by-step program that can resolve the mass ordering in the region accessible to conventional neutrino beams.**

## 95% CL Resolution of the Mass Ordering

## 3  Determination of CP Violation

## Measurement of m322 and sin2(223)

**5-year ******** run **

**5-year ******** run**
**with Proton Driver **

## Sensitivity to a GalacticSupernova

**Sensitivity to a Galactic****Supernova**

**Signal in 100 ms bins **
**for a galactic supernova**
**assuming a 3 m overburden**
**1500 signal events**

## Schedule(10 of 29 Milestones)

| Project start | Oct 2006 |
| --- | --- |
| R&D prototype Near Detector complete | Mar 2007 |
| Start Far Detector Building construction | Jul 2007 |
| Start receiving packaged APDs | Oct 2007 |
| Start extrusion module factories | Oct 2007 |
| Start construction of Near Detector | Dec 2007 |
| Start operation of Near Detector | Jul 2008 |
| Start Far Detector assembly | May 2009 |
| First kiloton operational | Oct 2009 |
| Full 30 kilotons operational | Jul 2011 |

## Sensitivity vs. Time

## Assumed T2K Beam Powervs. Time

**From S. Nagamiya,**
**Feb 2005**

## Sensitivity vs. TimeComparison to T2K

## Conclusion

**NO********A provides a flexible approach to studying all of the parameters of neutrino oscillations**
**A long baseline approach is crucial in the context of the world program.**
**NO********A is the first stage of a flexible program where each stage can be planned according to what has been learned in previous stages.**
**The NO********A physics reach is greater than other experiments being contemplated for the next few years.**
**The full range of the NO********A/NuMI program is comparable to that of other conventional approaches.**
**NO********A is the size project that can be started now.**