# Presentation: 317633

## Atmospheric Winds and Rain Obs  - Coming to Your Neighborhood Soon!

***OUTLINE***
* **Problem Definition*
* **ABL and Surface Wind Fields*
* **Precipitation*
* **Next Steps*

- Acknowledgements:
- NOAA AOC (Sean McMillan)

## Develop an operational system for continuously mapping:

Lower ABL wind field.

Ocean surface wind field.

Precipitation field. 
Within tropical cyclones and rain bands.

- Develop an operational system for continuously mapping:
- Lower ABL wind field.
- Ocean surface wind field.
- Precipitation field.
- Within tropical cyclones and rain bands.

##  IWRAP Measurement Technique

**Conical Scan**
**  ****(60 rpm)**

**Simultaneous, Multi-Beam**
**Doppler/Reflectivity**
**Profiling**

-                       Specifications
- Frequency: C-band & Ku-band
- Polarization: VV, HH
- Beam Incidence Angles: 30, 35, 41.5, 50
- Altitude Range: 500 – 8000 m
- Range Resolution: 15, 30, 60 & 120 m

**Swath Coverage**
**~ 55 deg. Incidence**

- Proportionally not to scale.

## IWRAP Wind Products

- Tangential Winds – 13 Sept. 2003, Inbound Leg

- Radial Winds – 13 Sept. 2003, Inbound Leg

- 30               35                40               45                50               55               60                65

- Radial distance from storm center (km)

- 30               35                40               45                50               55               60                65

- Radial distance from storm center (km)

- kts

- 160
- 120
- 80
- 40

- kts

- 40
- 0
- -40
- -60

- Altitude (m)

- 1000

- 300

- 2000

- Altitude (m)

- 1000

- 300

- 2000

## Volume Backscatter Profiles: - Ocean Surface Backscatter Contamination

## Volume Backscatter Profile  (with Surface Contamination)

- Ocean Surface
-         Echo
- Ocean Surface
- Contamination

## Doppler Spectral Profile

**Doppler Spectral Profile**

- Ocean Return

- Return from Precipitation / Winds

- 22 September 2005 – 19:55 GMT

- 1493           1217           942            667             391            116           -159

- Altitude (m)

- 220
- 110
- 0
- -110
- -220

- Radial Doppler Velocity (kts)

- dB

- -5
- -10
- -15
- -20
- -25

## Lower Atmospheric Boundary Layer

**Lower Atmospheric Boundary Layer**

- Ocean Return

- Return from Precipitation / Winds

- 22 September 2005 – 19:55 GMT

- 380
- 250
- 120
- -10
- -140

- Altitude (m)

- Radial Doppler Velocity (kts)

- -220                         -110                           0                             110                          220

- dB

- 20
- 15
- 10
- 5

- Spectral Filtering Algorithm

- 22 September 2005 – 19:55 GMT

- Precipitation Profile
- to Surface

- Surface

- Ocean Surface
- Backscatter

## Volume Backscatter Profile   - Spectral Filtering Applied

## ABL Profile with Spectral Filtering

**ABL Profile with Spectral Filtering**

- Altitude (m)

- Wind Speed (kts)

- 0              20             40             60            80            100

- 1000

- 100

## More efficient antenna design 
~15 % reduction in beamwidth
4 db gain improvement
Unique Single RF Channel Design
10 dB improvement in sensitivity.
Smaller, lighter and less expensive.
 Frequency Diversity Doppler technique
Decouples range and Doppler ambiguities.

- More efficient antenna design
- ~15 % reduction in beamwidth
- 4 db gain improvement
- Unique Single RF Channel Design
- 10 dB improvement in sensitivity.
- Smaller, lighter and less expensive.
-  Frequency Diversity Doppler technique
- Decouples range and Doppler ambiguities.

## Proposed SBIR Phase II 
Develop AWRAP system 
Real-time spectral processor
Map ABL winds  to within ~ 50 m of surface.
Map ocean surface wind field in the presence 
       of precipitation.
New transceiver & antenna
15  dB more sensitive (~15 dBZ minimum reflectivity)
One-third the components.

- Proposed SBIR Phase II
- Develop AWRAP system
- Real-time spectral processor
- Map **ABL winds**  to within **~ 50 m** of surface.
- Map **ocean surface wind field** in the presence
-        of precipitation.
- New transceiver & antenna
- 15  dB more sensitive (~15 dBZ minimum reflectivity)
- One-third the components.

## Our Mission Statement

- A Happier, Smarter, Better World !

- Advances in technology are, and will continue
- to, bring the research, forecast, emergency
- management and operational communities
- closer together.
- The end result, we all become smarter quicker
- and the public receives better and better and
- better forecasts ! ! !

## NUMBER 5

- NASA High Altitude Wind and Rain Profiler

- Highlights
- - 60+ kft flight altitude
-  Design for Global Hawk UAV
-  Map winds from troposphere
-   to the surface.
-  Clouds and precipitation.
-  Modular design for transition
-      to other aircraft.
- Long duration mission
-     (24+ hrs)
-  Solid-state design reduces
-     fabrication and operational
-     costs

## Lower Atmospheric Boundary Layer

**Lower Atmospheric Boundary Layer**

- Ocean Return

- Return from Precipitation / Winds

- 22 September 2005 – 19:55 GMT

- 380
- 250
- 120
- -10
- -140

- Altitude (m)

- Radial Doppler Velocity (kts)

- -220                         -110                           0                             110                          220

- dB

- 20
- 15
- 10
- 5

- Original Measurements

- Spectral Filtering Algorithm

- 22 September 2005 – 19:55 GMT

- Precipitation Profile
- to Surface

- Surface

- -220                              -110                                0                                 110                                220
-                                             Radial Doppler Velocity (kts)

- 380
- 250
- 120
- -10
- -140

- Altitude (m)

## IWRAP Wind Products (cont.)

- Divergence – 13 Sept. 2003, Inbound Leg

- Vorticity – 13 Sept. 2003, Inbound Leg

- 30               35                40               45                50               55               60                65

- 30               35                40               45                50               55               60                65

- Radial distance from storm center (km)

- m/s

- 0.4
- 0.2
- 0.0
- -0.2
- -0.4

- 4
- 2
- 0
- 2
- -4

- Altitude (m)

- 1000

- 300

- 2000

- Altitude (m)

- 1000

- 300

- 2000

- x10-3 s-1

## Precipitation Retrievals

- (modified)