# Presentation: 533333

## Project X RD&D PlanCryogenics 

- Arkadiy Klebaner
- AAC Meeting
- February 3, 2009

## Outline

- Description of the scope of the system
- Performance specification of the system
- Primary technical issues and the strategy to address them
- Open items
- Goals of the plan by year
- Role of outside collaborators

## System Scope

**Cryogenic Plant** – compressors, helium refrigerators, oil removal, gas management, internal purifiers, nitrogen exchanger, valve boxes, plant controls, etc.
**Cryogenic Distribution System** – feed boxes, bayonet boxes, feed caps, end caps, cryogenic transfer lines, headers, over pressure protection devices, cryogenic load instrumentation, etc.
**Ancillary Systems** – gas and liquid storage, recovery compressors, cooling towers, dryers, purification system, etc.

## Cryogenic Load

**Low Energy Linac**
- Superconducting Solenoids and Spoke Cavities
- Components are cooled by two-phase helium
**High Energy Linac**
- Superconducting Quads and Elliptical Cavities
- Components are cooled by superfluid helium
**Beam Screens**
- Screens are cooled by a cryogenic fluid

## Basic Scheme

##     System Requirements

- Operating Parameters
- Operating Modes
- Availability
- Safety

## Operating Parameters

|  | Low Energy Linac |  | High Energy Linac |  |  | Beam Screens |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Cavity/Solenoid | Thermal Shields | Cavity/Quad | Thermal Shields |  | Thermal Screens |
| Temperature, [K] | 4.5  | 80  | 2.0  | 5 – 8  | 40 – 80  | 80 – 100 |
| Pressure, [MPa] | 0.13 | 0.4 | 0.0031 | 2 | 2 | TBD |
| Heat Load, [W] | 500 | 5,000 | 400 | 750 | 9,000 | 1,000 |

## Operating Modes

- Steady state
- Beam ON
- Transient
- Beam ON/OFF
- RF ON/OFF
- Cooldown/Warm-up
- Fault Scenarios
- Maintenance
- Commissioning

## Availability

- Plant availability – 98%
- Cryogenic System availability – TBD

## Safety

- Full compliance with Fermilab ES&H requirements
- Pressure vessels: ASME BPV Code or PED 97/23
- Pressure piping: ASME/ANSI B31
- Oxygen Deficiency Hazard (ODH) mitigation

## Technical Issues

- Cryogenic Distribution and Segmentation
- Capital and Operational Cost Optimization
- Heat Load Analysis
- Testing Infrastructure

##            Distribution and Segmentation

- SCB Picture is courtesy of DESY colleagues

## Technical Strategy

**Cryogenic Segmentation** (Technical Issue 1)** **
- Study existing cryomodule thermal cycling experience
- Development cryogenic process: 2K heat exchanger, steady state, transient, fault, maintenance, and commissioning scenarios
- Define tunnel distribution components capacities and location
- Conduct components over pressure protection study
- Define cryogenic string length limits and segmentation
- Develop liquid helium level control strategy
- Develop tunnel ODH mitigation strategy

## Cryogenic Plant

- Photos are courtesy of LHC and SNS colleagues

## Technical Strategy (cont’d)

**Capital and Operating Cost Optimization** (Technical Issue 2)** **
- Thermal shield operating parameter optimization
- Cryogenic plant cycle optimization
- System lifecycle cost optimization
- Study effective utilization of existing Fermilab cryogenic assets

## Technical Strategy (cont’d)

**Heat Load Analysis** (Technical Issue 3)** **
- Investigate static and dynamic loads for all components and sub systems
- Define operational overcapacity and heat load estimate uncertainty factors
- Fault scenarios heat flux study

- Excerpts from TESLA and XFEL work

## Technical Strategy (cont’d)

**Testing Infrastructure **(Technical Issue 4)** **
- Determine SRF testing requirements (type, cryogenic capacity, throughput, etc.)
- Define infrastructure needs
- Infrastructure optimization (location, equipment selection, etc.)

## Open Items

**Finalize External Input Requirements**
- Cryogenic system lifecycle and reliability requirements
- SRF accelerating component requirement specifications
- Commissioning scenarios
- Future upgrade scenarios

## Goals and Timeline

## Collaborators

- TJNAF cryogenic group, in principal, has agreed to lead the Cost Optimization task and to contribute to other tasks at ~0.25 FTE/year level.

## Summary

- Project X Cryogenic System RD&D plan will lead to completion of design requirements and will optimize costs
- The plan is technically feasible. Technical risks deemed to be either low or medium/low.
- Timely resolution of the Open Items is essential to the successful execution of the plan
- TJNAF collaborators role requires further definition