# Presentation: 293993

## LCLS UpdateJohn N. Galayda, SLACOctober 20, 2003

*Since the April 2002 Review*
*Construction Schedule, Funding Guidance*
*CD-1*
*Basic Energy Sciences 20-Year Roadmap*
*Start of Project Engineering Design*
*May 2003 Review*
*What’’s Next*

**The World’s First Hard X-ray Laser**

## Capabilities

- Spectral coverage: 0.15-1.5 nm

## Capabilities

- Spectral coverage: 0.15-1.5 nm

- Peak Brightness: 1033

- Average Brightness: 3 x 1022

- Pulse duration: <230 fsec

- Pulse repetition rate: 120 Hz

- Photons/pulse: 1012

- To 0.5 Ǻ in 3rd harmonic

## Capabilities

**Capabilities**

- Upgrade – more bunches/pulse

- Spectral coverage: 0.15-1.5 nm

- Peak Brightness: 1033

- Average Brightness: 3 x 1022

- Pulse duration: <230 fsec

- Pulse repetition rate: 120 Hz

- Photons/pulse: 1012

- To 0.5 Å in 3rd harmonic

## Linac Coherent Light Source

**Linac Coherent Light Source**
**      ****Project Description**

**Injector**

*** ***
***Photon Beam Handling Systems***
*** ******X-ray Transport, Optics and Diagnostics***
***Front end systems – attenuators, shutters, diagnostics***
***Optics – the prerequisites for LCLS experiments***
***X-ray endstation systems Hutches, Personnel Protection***
***Computer facilities for experiments***
***Laser for pump/probe experiments***
***Detectors matched to LCLS requirements***
***Systems for first experiments in A/M/O physics***

**Linac Coherent Light Source**

## Conventional Construction

*Final Focus Test Beam Extension*
*Hall A*
*Tunnel*
*Hall B*

## Transport
Undulator
Hall A
Tunnel
Hall B
3 Beams/mirror
Expansion

*Transport*
*Undulator*
*Hall A*
*Tunnel*
*Hall B*
*3 Beams/mirror*
*Expansion*

**Conventional Construction**

## Since the April 2002 DOE Review

*Acquisition Execution Plan Approved**	**	**	**10/2002*
*Preliminary Project Execution Plan Approved           9/2002*
***Critical Decision 1 Approved******	******	******	******	******10/2002***
*Guidance for Funding Profile Updated **	**	**1/2003*
*BES 20-year Roadmap Review**	**	**	**	**2/2003*
*Environmental Assessment Approved**	**	**	**3/2003*
*Authorization to spend PED funds**	**	**	**3/2003*
***SC-81 Lehman/Carney Review******	******	******	******5/2003***
***Critical Decision 2A Approved******	******	******	******7/2003***

## Estimated Cost, Revised Schedule

*$200M-$240M Total Estimated Cost range*
*$245M-$295M Total Project Cost range*
***FY2005******	******	****Long-lead purchases for injector, undulator*
***FY2006**** **	**	**Construction begins*
***January 2008**** **	**FEL Commissioning begins*
**September 2008 ***Construction complete*

| Construction |
| --- |

| Operation |
| --- |

**CD-1**

**CD-2a**

**CD-2b**

**CD-3a**

**CD-3b**

**CD-0**

- Title I
- Design
- Complete

- XFEL
- Commissioning

**CD-4**

## LCLS Organization

*      **Chief Engineer – Mark Reichanadter*
*                        **US CMS Project Engineer*
*                       **Joins SLAC June 2003*
*                       **LLNL-LCLS Project Director*
*                       **Richard M. Bionta*
*                                                **LLNL-ANL Project Director*
*                                                **Stephen V. Milton*
*LEUTL FEL accelerator research program at ANL-APS*

## 20-Year BES Facilities Roadmap Workshop

***February 22-24, 2003***
***Doubletree Hotel and Executive Meeting Center***
***1750 Rockville Pike***
***Rockville, MD  20852***

**Saturday and Sunday Facility Presentations**
**Sunday Night and Monday Report Writing**

## Linac Coherent Light Source – Committee Conclusion

*Essential for exploring future science using intense femtosecond coherent X-ray beams*
*DoE Critical Decision 0 and 1 have been approved*

- Recommend continued strong support

##           SLAC

-           SLAC
- Akre	Limborg
- Bentson	Nuhn
- Bong	Saenz
- Dowell	Schmerge
- Emma	Welch
- Galayda

- ANL
- Patric den Hartog
- Steve Milton
- Elizabeth Moog

## Long Lead Procurements, FY2005 - Injector

*The LCLS Injector*
*Laser and Laser Room*
*Main Mechanical Systems*
*Early integration with SLAC Linac*
*Laser Systems Assembly and Startup in FY2005*

## Long-Lead Procurements, FY2005 - Linac

*Selected Linac Systems*
*Superconducting Wiggler*
*X-band RF system*
*Chicane Magnets*

## Long-Lead Procurements, FY2005 - Undulator Systems

*Undulator Hardware*
*Magnet Blocs*
*Magnet Poles*
*Strongback*
*Undulator Measurement System*
*Final “shimming” of magnets at SLAC*
*Complete Delivery of Undulators by June 2007*

## Long-Lead Procurements, FY2005 – Magnet Measurement

*To be installed at SLAC*
*Based on APS system*
*5 m granite bench*
*Probe positioning system*
*Hall probe system*
*Computer system *
*Control and data analysis software*
*Cost estimate based on detailed estimate escalated for FY2005*

## FY2005 Long Lead Procurements ($K, as spent)

- To be reimbursed to TEC when Special Spares
- Funds are allocated.

- 28% Contingency (67% contingency on
- Superconducting wiggler & spare)

**Notes:**
An inflation factor of 1.054 was used to take the FY2003 prices for magnet raw materials to
FY2005 prices.

## Review Conclusions

***Green Light**** for approval of CD-2A in June 2003*
*This allows DOE-BES to include $30M in FY2005 budget request*
*Next DOE review March 2004*
*Formal quantitative risk assessment/management system*
*Settle the baseline (scope, schedule, cost) for the entire project*
*Several recommendations for R&D*
*2**nd** undulator prototype – alternative strongback material?*
*Undulator vacuum chamber*
*Electron beam diagnostics*
*X-ray diagnostics*

## LCLS Experiments

*LCLS Scientific Advisory Committee*
*FY2006-2009 funding for construction of experiment stations*

- Roger Falcone            UC Berkeley, USA, Chairman
- Nora Berrah	              Western Michigan University, USA
- Carl Branden              Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
- Phil Bucksbaum         University of Michigan, USA
- Robert L. Byer           Stanford University, USA
- Hans Fraunfelder        LANL, USA

- Stephen R. Leone        UC Berkeley, USA
- Margaret Murnane       University of Colorado-Boulder, USA
- Jochen R. Schneider     HASYLAB, Germany
- Francesco Sette            ESRF, France
- Sunni Sinha                  UCSD, USA
- Dietrich von der Linde University of Essen, Germany

## LCLS – Chirped-Pulse Bunch Compression

*L *= 6 m

*L *= 9 m
**rf = 38°

*L *= 330 m
**rf = 43°

*L *= 550 m
**rf = 10°

**BC-1**
*L *= 6 m
*R*56= 36 mm

**BC-2**
*L *= 22 m
*R*56= 22 mm

**DL-2**
*R*56 = 0

**DL-1**
*R*56  0

- undulator
*L *= 120 m

- 6 MeV
***z * 0.83 mm
***** * 0.1 %

- 150 MeV
***z * 0.83 mm
***** * 0.10 %

- 250 MeV
***z * 0.19 mm
***** * 1.8 %

- 4.54 GeV
***z * 0.022 mm
***** * 0.76 %

- 14.35 GeV
***z * 0.022 mm
***** * 0.01 %

*...existing linac*

**L0**

**rf**
**gun**

**L3**

**L1**

- X

**L*****h***
*L *=0.6 m
**rf=

**L2**

***LCLS – Chirped-Pulse Bunch Compression***

- New Idea for shorter pulses – Emma, et al.  SLAC-PUB-10002

## Bunch Compression

- **

*z*

- **

*z*

- **

*z*

*V* = *V*0sin(**)

- ***z*0

- ***z*

- *z* = *R*56**

- Under-compression

- Over-compression

- RF Accelerating
- Voltage

- Path Length-Energy
- Dependent Beamline

## Choose slot for shortest e pulse, while retaining full peak current

- Choose slot for shortest *e* pulse, while retaining full peak current

## Slide 26

## Summary

*2-3 fs FWHM x-ray pulse length possible in *LCLS* with baseline design + simple foil*
*Photons per pulse reduced (10**12** **→ 10**10**)*
*Pulse length adjustable with stepper motor*
*Precisely spaced double pulses available*
*<1 fs should be possible with modified compression parameters and further study **→ **single coherent spike!*

## Future Possibilities of the Linac Coherent Light Source

|  | Baseline LCLS | Upgraded LCLS |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Spectral coverage,
nm/keV | 0.15-1.5/8.3-0.83 | 0.012-5/100-0.25 |
| Peak FEL Power, GW | 8-19 | Up to 200 |
| No. of FEL pulses/e- macropulse | 1 | 1-60 |
| Minimum Pulse Duration (fs) | <230 | <1 |

- To be published in*     Journal of Synchrotron Radiation*

## The SLAC Linac as an FEL Driver

*LCLS 4.5-14.3 GeV**	**	**120 Hz.*
*Possibilities*
*50 GeV beam energy – XFEL at 100 keV?*
*Requires extremely high quality electron beam*
*Pulse to pulse energy variation at 120 Hz.*
*Small steps for FEL wavelength tunability*
*Large steps for multi-wavelength multi-undulator operations*
*300 ns macro pulse with up to 32 micro pulses*

## SLAC commitment

**Statement from the SLAC Director**
- “The LCLS and its expansion are critical ingredients in the broad scientific portfolio of the SLAC site for the coming decades.  I encourage the LCLS team to consider the unique possibilities that the full capabilities and flexibility of the SLAC linac, including electron beams up to 50 GeV, will offer.  Further, I encourage them to integrate these possibilities into the plans for the expansion of LCLS beyond its baseline operating parameters.”
- “SLAC and its talented staff of accelerator physicists and engineers routinely operate the linac in a multi-user mode with high operational efficiency.  For example, the linac currently serves to inject the B-factory in parallel with fixed target high energy physics experiments and accelerator R&D.  We expect that such operational flexibility will enable the linac, with suitable modifications, to serve the needs of an expanded LCLS well into the future.”

## Time to start planning Experiment

- Stations for the LCLS

- We are looking forward to some
- GOOD times.

## Actually, we are having a pretty good time already...

## Science Opportunities with SPPS

- J. Hastings SLAC/SSRL

## Short Bunch Generation in the SLAC Linac

**Short Bunch Generation in the SLAC Linac**

## SPPS Collaboration:  Institutional Members

- APS Argonne Nat’l Lab
- BioCARS
- Copenhagen Univ.
- DESY
- NSLS Brookhaven Nat’l Lab
- SLAC/SSRL
- UC Berkeley
- Univ. of Michigan
- Univ. of Uppsala

## Slide 36

## Calculated Undulator Output

**Calculated **Undulator Output
- 	Ee = 28 GeV
- 	3.2 nC
- 	λu = 8.5 cm
- 	K ~ 4
- 	Eph = 9.1 keV
- 	Intensity in mono acceptance
-      2 x 107 photons/per pulse
**Measured Output **
-       **2 x 10****7**** photons/per pulse**
**Emittance**
**	****0.4 nm-rad horiz (~3 - 3****rd**** gen ring)**
**	****0.06 nm-rad ver (~.03 - 3****rd**** gen ring)**

- Monochromator acceptance

***The SPPS Source and Characteristics***

**Typical 10 Hz operation**

## Diffraction from Salol

- Phenylsalicylate

- ~106 photons/pulse
- 1 x 1 mm2
- 1% bandwidth
- 300 s, 10 Hz

- C13H10O3
- Orthorombic
- Pbca
- a=7.961 Å
- b=11.258 Å
- c=23.402 Å
- = ==90°
-   (0 16 0)=0.3 mdeg

- 9.365 keV
- image int. CCD
- at 120 mm

- Collaboration & samples	E. Weckert, HASYLAB

## Probing the rocking curve 
18 steps: =-1.0° to =+0.4°
Single exposures
gated CCD, 62 ms

*18 steps: ****=-1.0° to ****=+0.4°*
*Single exposures*
*gated CCD, 62 ms*

**Intensity fluctuations**
- 90 exposures @ 10 Hz,
- gated CCD, 62 ms
- =0, Max. of rocking curve

- Single pulse exposures

## Next SPPS Run

- 17 November 2003-15 February 2004

## End of Presentation