# Presentation: 089021

## Lighting Controls 

-     Requirements for Design
- 	ASHRAE/IESNA 90.1
- 	Jim Yorgey PE,LC
- 	jyorgey@lutron.com
- 	610-282-6332

- Copyright 2003 Lutron Electronics Co., Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduction or display of this presentation, or any of the contents herein, without the express written consent of Lutron Electronics, is strictly prohibited by law.

## Agenda

-  Overall lighting codes review
-  Controls Requirements in ASHRAE/IESNA 90.1
-  Designing control systems
-  Products and technology today

## Energy Profile

## Codes, ordinances, standards related to Lighting

- Model Codes (NFPA 70-2002, IECC, etc.)
- Documents intended to be adopted into law
- Laws and Ordinances
- Actual laws
- May include, modify or expand on model codes
- May be federal, state or local

## Standards (ASHRAE, IES, NECA, NEMA)
Documents intended to be incorporated into specifications
Initiatives
Not legally required
Choice based
Affects design decisions

- Documents intended to be incorporated into specifications
- Initiatives
- Not legally required
- Choice based
- Affects design decisions

- Codes, ordinances, standards related to Lighting

## Model Codes Involving Lighting

- National Electric Code NFPA-70-2002
- Regulates applications of lighting equipment
- Concerned with electrical safety
- Energy Efficiency Code ASHRAE/IESNA 90.1-2001
- Regulates the amount of power allocated to lighting
- Regulates controls and other specific energy-related application details
- NFPA 101 Life Safety Code
- Concerned with egress path illumination

## Model Codes Involving Lighting

- Building Codes (IBC, etc.)
- Tend to be concerned with egress path illumination
- International Energy Conservation Code(IECC)
- Part of international Building Code series
- An alternative to 90.1 which is essentially equivalent
- 2002 IECC employs 90.1-2001

## Important Standards Affecting Lighting Design

- Construction Standards:
- NECA/IESNA500 Series National Electrical Installation Standards (NEIS)
- IESNA Recommended Practices
- IESNA Handbook (currently 9th Edition)

## Important Standards Affecting Design

- Electrical Safety Standards:
- Listing Standards by Underwriters Laboratories
- Listings by Testing Laboratories
- Owner/Developer Standards
- Specific tenant standards

## Initiatives

- Green Initiatives
- LEED rating system
- Daylighting Initiatives
- Energy Efficiency Initiatives
- Energy Star Program (US EPA)
- Regional Programs
- Utility rebates

## IESNA Role in the Lighting Requirements

- Co-sponsor with ASHRAE
- Looking out for lighting issues
- 	Standard 90.1
- 	Standard 90.2 (residential)
- 	Standard 100 (existing buildings)
- 	SP102(+30%)

## Overview of the standard 

- We will review the Lighting controls requirements in 90.1

## Mandatory Provisions - Interior 

- 9.2.1.1 Automatic Lighting Shut Off
-  Interior lighting in buildings larger than 5000 ft2 shall be controlled with an automatic control device to shut off building lighting in all spaces. This automatic control device shall function on either:
- 	a. a scheduled basis using a _time-of-day operated control device_ that turns lighting off at specific programmed times – an independent program schedule shall be provided for areas of no more than 25,000 ft2 but not more than one floor – or
- 	b. an _occupant sensor_ that shall turn lighting off within 30 minutes of an occupant leaving a space – or
- 	c. a signal from _another control or alarm system_ that indicates the area is unoccupied.

## Mandatory Provisions - Interior

- Exception to 9.2.1.1:
-  “*Lighting intended for 24-hour operation shall not require an automatic control device.”*

## Mandatory Provisions - Interior

- 9.2.1.2 Space Control
-  Each space enclosed by ceiling height partitions shall have at least one control device to independently control the general lighting within the space. Each control device shall be activated either manually by an occupant or automatically by sensing an occupant. Each control device shall
- 	a. control a maximum of  2500 ft2 area for a space 10,000 ft2 or less and a maximum of 10,000 ft2 area for a space greater than 10,000 ft2 ,
- 	b. be capable of overriding the shutoff control required in 9.2.1.1 for no more than four hours, and
- 	c. be readily accessible and located so the occupant can see the controlled lighting.

## Mandatory Provisions - Interior

- Exception to 9.2.1.2:
-  “*Remote location shall be permitted for reasons of safety or security when the remote control device has an indicator pilot light as part of or next to the control device and it shall be clearly labeled to identify the controlled lighting.”*

## Mandatory Provisions

- 9.2.1.4 Additional Control
- a. Display/Accent Lighting – display or accent lighting shall have a separate control device
- b. Case lighting – lighting in cases used for display purposes shall have a separate control device.
- c. Hotel and Motel Guest room Lighting – hotel and motel guest rooms and suites shall have a master control device at the main room entry that controls all permanently installed luminaires and switched receptacles.

## Mandatory Provisions

- 9.2.1.4 Additional Control
- d. Task lighting – Supplemental task lighting, including permanently installed under-shelf or under-cabinet lighting, shall have a control device integral to the luminaires or be controlled by a wall- mounted control device provided the control device is readily accessible and located so that the occupant can see the controlled lighting.

## Mandatory Provisions

- 9.2.1.4 Additional Control
- e. Non-visual Lighting – lighting for non-visual applications, such as plant growth and food warming, shall have a separate control device.
-  f. Demonstration Lighting – Lighting equipment that is for sale or for demonstration s in lighting education shall have a separate control device.

## Provisions not Included

- Daylight Sensing controls
- No zone independent zone requirement
- No control device or sensor requirement
- Two level switching
- Dual switching of interior lighting not required
- Separate control for task lights is required

## Mandatory Provisions - Exterior 

- 9.2.1.3 Exterior Lighting Control
-  “*Lighting for all exterior applications not exempted in 9.1 and 9.3.2 shall be controlled by a photosensor or astronomical time switch that is capable of automatically turning off the exterior lighting when sufficient daylight is available or the lighting is not required” *

## Exterior  Exceptions

- Exceptions to 9.1
- 	(a) emergency lighting that is automatically off during normal building operation,
- 	(b) lighting within living units
- 	(c)  lighting that is specifically designated as required by a health or life safety statute, ordinance, or regulation,
- 	(d) decorative gas lighting systems.
- Exceptions to 9.3.2 (Exterior Building Lighting Power)

## Exterior  Exceptions

- Exceptions to 9.3.2 (Exterior Building Lighting Power)
-  Lighting for the following exterior applications is exempt when equipped with an independent control device:* *
*Specialized signal, directional, and marker lighting associated with transportation;*
*Lighting used to highlight features of public monuments and registered landmark structures or buildings; and*
*(c)  Lighting that is integral to advertising signs *

## Control Products - Interior

**Today’s control systems have the ability to provide for the provisions of the current standard and codes**
- Automatic Lighting shut-off  (9.2.1.1)
- Occupancy Sensors
- A typical way to provide Automatic shut off of lighting in a space
-  Astronomical Time switch controls
- Provides automatic shut off at programmed times

## Control Products - Interior

**Today’s control systems have the ability to provide for the provisions of the current standard and codes**
- Space Control (9.2.1.2)
- Switching system
- Remote, low voltage on/off switches
- Panel mounted relays control power
- Integral time switch/time delay functions

## Control Products - Interior

- Additional Control (9.2.1.4)
- Manual Switches and Dimmers
- Meets requirement for a separate control device

## Control Products - Interior

- Lighting Control (9.2.1) [all provisions]
- Whole Building Digital control systems
- Complete control provides all required functions
- In addition provides monitoring and reporting functions

- Light fixture

- To Multiple controllers

## Control Products - Exterior

**Control systems to provide for the provisions of the exterior requirements**
- Exterior Lighting Control  (9.2.1.3)
- Photo Sensors
- The typical way to provide Automatic shut off of lighting when daylight is available
-  Astronomical Time switch controls
- Provides automatic turn on/shut off at programmed times
- Track changes in sunrise/sunset
- Combined Photo sensor/ time switch systems
- Provide optimum control
- Allow for weather variables
- Include motion sensors for greater control -
- 	where appropriate

## Control Products -  Emerging systems

**The latest Control Systems have the ability to provide for the provisions of the Future Standards, Codes and Guidelines**
- Examples include:
- Daylight Sensors
- Provide automatic control of lighting in spaces with natural day light
- Personal Lighting Controls
- Individual user control of lighting
- Studies verify productivity improvements
- Fluorescent Dimming Ballasts
- Allows for continuously adjustable lighting for tuning of light levels, daylight control and personal controls
- Automatic Window Shade Control
- Provide total integration of day-lighting and electric lighting

## 	
ASHRAE/IESNA 90.1-2004 
Occupant sensor requirements 
Mandatory in specific spaces 
Proposed energy guide SP102
 Advanced Energy Design Guide: Small Office Buildings
Additional saving of 30% over 90.1  
Simple approach for use by Designers and Contractors

- ASHRAE/IESNA 90.1-_2004_
- Occupant sensor requirements
- Mandatory in specific spaces
- Proposed energy guide SP102
-  Advanced Energy Design Guide: Small Office Buildings
- Additional saving of 30% over 90.1
- Simple approach for use by Designers and Contractors

- Lighting Changes are on the way

## 	
Recent project that incorporates all aspects of the latest lighting control technologies
Meets the controls requirements of 90.1

- Recent project that incorporates all aspects of the latest lighting control technologies
- Meets the controls requirements of 90.1

- Example of Whole Building System

## Agere Microelectronics Campus Expansion

## Agere Microelectronics Campus Expansion

- Architect:  Kevin Roche John Dinkeloo & Associates
- MEP Engineer:  R.G. Vanderweil, Boston, MA
- General Contractor:  Sordoni Skanska

**Notes:**
Introduction
Self
Craig
Craig – project background
Self – overview of lighting control system

## Requirements:

- Work in harmony with the environment
- Innovation in energy efficiency
- Low energy cost:
- Energy usage
- Peak demand management
- Attract and retain top talent
- Adaptable, responsive to change
- Meet a budget

**Notes:**
The overall requirements of the design
Executive Management

## Solutions:

- Central lighting control:
- occupant sensors
- local wall box switching
- time clock controls
- high-end tuning
- daylight harvesting
- real time monitoring
- peak load limiting
- system “interoperability” w/ BMS

## Solutions:

- Personal lighting controls
- empowerment, satisfaction w/ work environment
- energy
- adaptability
- budget

**Notes:**
Personal lighting controls in open landscape and private offices
Review slide.

At time project was planned, program was pendent direct / indirect

What you will see:
2X4 parabolics, 27 cell, deep, VDT
Dimmable, personal controls
Coordination of ceiling plan and floor plan.

Placement and performance of fixture provide a personalized VE.

Agere and the design team evaluated our recommendations, furniture mock-up, employee response.

Sordoni Skanska determined that TIC was only $20,000 more

## Typical Floor Plan

**Areas:**
**Open plan, perimeter**
**Open plan, interior**
**Corridor**
**Private Offices**

**Controls:**
**Astro time clock**
**Tuning**
**Daylighting**
**Personal control**
**Occupancy control**
**Metering, integration**

## Typical Performance

- 1:  Design watts
- _Integrated Controls_:
- 2:  Tuning of Max. Output
- 3:  Plus Daylighting
- 4:  Plus Personal Control

**Notes:**
A typical partly sunny day, Jan 6
Average watts whenever the lights are on
Average performance of four open plan areas, perimeter zones

Design watts per SF:	1.0
Average performance:	.4 watts / SF

## Summary

-  Looked at related lighting standards and codes
- Reviewed  90.1 Controls requirements
- Provided some insight into how to best meet the standard
- Reviewed control types that provide  for the requirements of the standard

## QUESTIONS / COMMENTS / INSPIRATIONS

## Lighting Controls 

-     Requirements for Design
- 	ASHRAE/IESNA 90.1
- 	Jim Yorgey PE,LC
- 	jyorgey@lutron.com
- 	610-282-6332

- Copyright 2003 Lutron Electronics Co., Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduction or display of this presentation, or any of the contents herein, without the express written consent of Lutron Electronics, is strictly prohibited by law.