# Presentation: 198804

## FAA Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)Program Plans and StatusGPS/WAAS/LAAS

- Leo Eldredge, GNSS Program Manager
- Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)
- ACC/AAAE Airport Planning, Design and Construction Symposium
- February 28, 2008

## Peak Aircraft Traffic Over The US

**Peak Aircraft Traffic Over The US**

## Future Planning Assumptions

**By 2025 , Aviation is Expected to Increase By a Factor of 2.7**
**The NAS Will Transition to Satellite Navigation Technology **
- Provide Performance-Based Navigation Services to Enable RNAV & RNP
- Position Navigation Timing (PNT) is a critical enabler for NextGen
- New Navigation Services Must Be Cost-Beneficial
**Legacy Services With Negative Benefits/Cost Will Eventually Be Removed Cost**
**Resources Will Be Limited**

## Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)

**Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)**

## Global Positioning System (GPS)

**Global Positioning System (GPS)**

**Space Segment**
- 24 Orbit Slots
- 6 Orbital Planes
- 4 Satellites Per Plane (Nominal)
- 55 Degrees Inclination
- Orbit at 10,800 Miles
- Orbits Once Every 12 Hours
**Control Segment**
- 5 GPS Monitor Sites
- 13 NGA Monitor Sites
- 2 Operational Control Centers
**User Segment**
- Military & Civil Receivers
- Precise Positioning Service (PPS)
- Standard Positioning Service (SPS)

## FAA Satellite Navigation Program

## WAAS Architecture

- 38 Reference
- Stations

- 3 Master
- Stations

- 4 Ground
- Earth Stations

- 2 Geostationary
- Satellite Links

- 2 Operational
- Control Centers

## WAAS Vertical Service Coverage

**WAAS Vertical Service Coverage**

## WAAS Approach Procedures

**LPVs:  1028**
**LNAV/VNAVs:  1275**
**(as of February 14, 2008)**

- WAAS Procedures to be Published to All Instrument Runways in the NAS by 2018

## Summary of RNAV(GPS) - Minima

**Summary of RNAV(GPS) - Minima**

**LPV - Localizer Performance with Vertical**
- 	WAAS avionics minima
**LNAV/VNAV – Lateral Navigation With Vertical**
- 	Baro-VNAV, or WAAS Avionics
**LNAV - Lateral Navigation **
- 	Non-Precision Approach (NPA)

## WAAS Avionics Status

**General Aviation**
**Garmin** WAAS Receivers Sold ~26,000
**Bendix-King** Bringing Products to Market
**Business & Regional Aircraft FMS Avionics**
**Rockwell-Collins**:  Expecting CRJ/Canadair 604 STC approval in FY‘08
**Canadian Marconi Corporation (CMC)**: Integrate WAAS Into Honeywell Primus 2000 FMS by December 2008.
**Universal Navigation Systems (UNS) Avionics**:  WAAS-Enabled Capability in Dual Thread UNS-1 FMS TSO in 2007
**Air Carrier & Cargo Aircraft**
**Southwest Airlines**
- Equipping 200 Boeing 737 with Rockwell Collins' GPS-4000S for Required Navigational Performance (RNP) operations
**Federal Express (FEDEX)**
- Equipping 253 Cessna Caravan Aircraft with Garmin GNS-530W WAAS avionics and GMX-200 multi-function displays
- Starting to equip 48 Q400s with Universal UNS-1F avionics
**Helicopter Aircraft Implementing WAAS**

**Notes:**
The GNS-480 was the original WAAS receiver (first picture).  It started out as the UPS/AT CNX-80 and was rebranded once Garmin acquired UPS/AT.
Garmin production is proprietary info:  There are approximately ~8,300 units upgraded & ~ 4,076 new ship production shipped as of 
All of the Garmin 400s/500s (second picture) are panel mount receivers.  Originally, they were GPS receivers that were WAAS upgradeable.  The 400 is a GPS sensor only, the 430 provides comm and additional nav functions.  The 500/530s are essentially upgrades to the 400/430s with bigger displays and some additional features.  The 400/500s are now WAAS capable.  New receivers come with the functionality and upgrades are available for older receivers.

GNS-1000 (bottom picture), complete glass cockpit
Rockwell Collins:  The FAA is paying for TSOs on Multi-mode receiver (MMR) GLNU-955s (already black box delivered) for analog cockpits and a WAAS Sensor (GPS 4000) to be installed in the FMS 4200 Flight Management System.  The FAA is also paying for the STC on Canadair Regional Jets (CRJs) 200/700/900 series as it is similar to the Canadair 604 platform.

## Preparing Airports for WAAS  

**Steps To Prepare Airport**
- Review information on getting an instrument approach at:  **http://avn.faa.gov/index.asp?xml=ifp/index**
- Contact Airport District Office to determine Infrastructure requirements/improvements
- Contact the ADO or FPO to determine survey needs and/or check the status of FAA-sponsored surveys at:
**        ****9-amc-avn-150-Survey@faa.gov**.

**Airport Infrastructure Needed**
- Paved Runways Over 3200 Ft. Long By 60 Ft. Wide
- Non-precision Runway Markings (Or Better)
- Runway Safety Zone
**Airport Infrastructure Recommended To Obtain The Lowest Possible Minima**
- Parallel Taxiway (Reduces Decision Height, But Not Mandatory)
- Medium Intensity Runway Lights (Reduces Visibility And Provides For Night Operations)

## Local Area Augmentation System (LAAS)

**Precision Approach For CAT- I, II, III**
**Multiple Runway Coverage At An Airport**
**Terminal Area Procedures for Arrival and Departure**

**Notes:**
GBAS system consists of
GBAS ground station/processing unit/power supply (one shelter on airport property), 4 reference receivers/antennas, one VHF data link antenna

## Current Activities

**Integrity Analysis and Prototype Development**
**LAAS System Design Approval (SDA) Process  **
**LAAS Operational Implementation at Memphis Airport**
**International Cooperation and Development**
**CAT-III Research & Development Activities**

**Notes:**
These activities will be discussed in later slide

## LAAS/GBAS International Efforts

**Frankfurt, Germany**

**Rio De Janeiro, Brazil**

**Malaga, Spain**

**LAAS/GBAS International Efforts**

**Sydney, Australia**

**Bremen, Germany**

## Summary

**The FAA is Implementing Satellite Navigation Systems Needed to Support Performance Based Navigation and NextGen **
**The WAAS Program Has Matured Through Development and is Rapidly Progressing Through Operational Implementation**
**The First Certified LAAS is Expected In Late 2008**
**Satellite Navigation  is a Cornerstone of the Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen)**

## Questionshttp://gps.faa.gov