# Presentation: 940995

## SQ02

- Paolo Ferracin
- LARP Collaboration Meeting
- LBNL
- April 26 - 28, 2006

## Outline

- Task motivations and goals
- Magnet overview and design features
- SQ02
- Pre-load
- Test results and analysis
- SQ02b
- Pre-load
- Test results and analysis
- Conclusions and next steps

- Paolo Ferracin

- 04/27/2006

## Motivation and goals (I)

- Validate numerical models related to magnet performance
- Perform training / quench initiation studies
- Axial forces
- TQ
- Fz total = 350 kN
- Acoil = 4300 mm2
- z = 81 MPa
- SQ
- Fz total = 340 kN
- Acoil = 3900 mm2
-  z = 87 MPa
- 3D FEM model of the magnet geometry
- Investigate dependence of magnet performance on axial loading

- Paolo Ferracin

- 04/27/2006

## Motivation and goals (II)

- Provide a means of evaluating conductor and cable with operating requirements similar to the Technology Quadrupoles
- TQ:
- Istrand ~ 460 A; Bpeak ~ 11.4 T; stresses: 100-150 MPa
- SQ:
- Istrand ~ 490 A; Bpeak ~ 11.1 T; stresses: 100-150 MPa

- Paolo Ferracin

- 04/27/2006

## Motivation and goals (III)

- SQ magnet optimization
- New coil parts
- Bronze island (as for TQ)
- Improved assembly procedure
- Axial first (as for TQ)
- Technology development
- Quench propagation study
- Cable characterization
- Comparison with modeling
- Field quality measurements
- Coil alignment with shell-type structure
- Coil fabrication tolerances

- Paolo Ferracin

- 04/27/2006

## Outline

- Task motivations and goals
-  Magnet overview and design features
- SQ02
- Pre-load
- Test results and analysis
- SQ02b
- Pre-load
- Test results and analysis
- Conclusions and next steps

- Paolo Ferracin

- 04/27/2006

## SQ02 overview

- Jun. – Aug. 05
- Fabrication of 4 new coils
- Sep. 05
- Assembly (“Initial load”)
- Oct. 06
- Test at LBNL
- Nov. 05
- Analysis of test results
- Dec. 05
- Re-load (“Higher load”)
- Mar. 06
- Test at FNAL

- Paolo Ferracin

- 04/27/2006

## Superconducting coil

- Cable
- 0.7 mm strand
- 20 strands, 7.9 X 1.3 mm
- Insulation: 0.1 mm fiberglass
- Racetrack coils
- Double-layer
- Bronze island (pole)
- 21 turns per layer
- Horseshoe / end shoe containment structure
- Aluminum bore
- Clear aperture: 110 mm
- Coil aperture: 130 mm

- Paolo Ferracin

- 04/27/2006

## Support structure

- Stainless steel pads
- Iron yokes
- Aluminum shell
- Thickness: 22 mm
- Outer diameter: 500 mm
- 4 bladders and 8 keys for assembly and pre-load
- Axial support
- 4 aluminum rods
- Diameter: 25 mm
- Stainless steel end plate
- Thickness: 50 mm
- Pre-load applied with hydraulic cylinder
- Strain gauges on shell and rods

- Paolo Ferracin

- 04/27/2006

## SQ02 design features (I)

- Four new coils:
- SC17-SC16-SC18-SC19
- TQ conductor (MJR)
- New horseshoe design and bronze island
- Instrumentation (per coil)
- 1 spot heater
- 4 strain gauges
- 10 voltage taps
- Assembly procedure
- Axial load applied before azimuthal load

- Paolo Ferracin

- 04/27/2006

## SQ02 design features (II)

- Calculated magnet short sample from extr. strand meas. (no degradation observed)
- Iss (4.3 K) = 9.9 kA
- Bpeak (4.3 K) = 11.1 T
- Iss (4.5 K) = 9.8 kA
- Iss (1.8 K) = 10.8 kA

- RRR
- Strands: 150 – 200
- Coils: 300 (possible different reaction T and time)
- Peak field in the end
- About 2 T difference between ends and straight section

- Paolo Ferracin

- 04/27/2006

## Outline

- Task motivations and goals
- Magnet overview and design features
-  SQ02
- Pre-load
- Test results and analysis
- SQ02b
- Pre-load
- Test results and analysis
- Conclusions and next steps

- Paolo Ferracin

- 04/27/2006

## SQ02 pre-load

- Aluminum shell
- Measured tension at 4.3 K
- 97 MPa

- Axial rods
- Measured tension at 4.3 K
- 120 MPa (260 kN)

- Paolo Ferracin

- 04/27/2006

## SQ02 analysis FEM: straight section

- Contact pressure coil - island in the straight section
- 84 MPa at 4.3 K
- 32 MPa at short sample
- No separation expected

- Paolo Ferracin

- 04/27/2006

## SQ02 analysis FEM: end region

- Gap / tension coil-island
- Friction: 78 m gap at short sample
- Glued: 62 MPa (tension) at short sample

- Paolo Ferracin

- 04/27/2006

## SQ02 test resultsConductor and magnet performance

- First thermal cycle
- 1st quench: 60 % Iss
- 90 % in 13 quenches
- Imax = 95 % Iss
- Second thermal cycle
- 1st quench: 95 % Iss
- Imax = 97 % Iss
- Imax = 9.6 kA
- Bmax = 10.7 T
- Gmax = 81 T/m

- Paolo Ferracin

- 04/27/2006

## SQ02 test resultsRamp-rate dependence

- 13 ramp-rate quenches
- From 1200 A/s to 2 A/s
- Imax = 9.6 kA
- Extrapolated ramp-rate corresponds to maximum current reached during training

- Paolo Ferracin

- 04/27/2006

## SQ02 quench locations (#1 - #13, 1st thermal cycle)

- Most of the quenches in the end region
- No significant difference between LE and RE
- Trend from end to central segment

**1**

**3**

**5**

**4**

**6**

**7**

**2**

**10**

**9**

**8**

**11**

**13**

**12**

**Inner layer**

**Outer layer**

- Paolo Ferracin

- 04/27/2006

## SQ02 quench locations (#14 - #39, 1st thermal cycle)

- 24 quenches in the central segments
- 2 quenches in the end segments

**14**

**15**

**16**

**17**

**18**

**19**

**33**

**21**

**22**

**23**

**24**

**25**

**26**

**27**

**28**

**30**

**29**

**32**

**31**

**34**

**35**

**36**

**37**

**38**

**39**

**Inner layer**

**Outer layer**

- Paolo Ferracin

- 04/27/2006

## SQ02 quench locations (#1 - #8, 2st thermal cycle)

- First 8 quenches in the central segments

**2**

**1**

**3**

**4**

**5**

**6**

**8**

**7**

**Inner layer**

**Outer layer**

- Paolo Ferracin

- 04/27/2006

## SQ02 quench locations (#9 - #20, 2st thermal cycle)

- Following 12 quenches
- 2 in the central segments
- 10 in the end segment
- Short-sample quenches

**9**

**10**

**16**

**11-15**

**17-20**

**Inner layer**

**Outer layer**

- Paolo Ferracin

- 04/27/2006

## SQ02  FEM: axial displacements

**6 kA**

**0 kA**

**9 kA**

**10 kA**

**10.5 kA**

- Paolo Ferracin

- 04/27/2006

## Outline

- Task motivations and goals
- Magnet overview and design features
- SQ02
- Pre-load
- Test results and analysis
-  SQ02b
- Pre-load
- Test results and analysis
- Conclusions and next steps

- Paolo Ferracin

- 04/27/2006

## SQ02b pre-load

- Aluminum shell
- Measured tension at 4.3 K
- 96 MPa

- Axial rods
- Extrapolated tension at 4.3K
- 189 MPa (415 kN)

- Paolo Ferracin

- 04/27/2006

## SQ02b analysis FEM: straight section

- Contact pressure coil - island in the straight section
- 84 MPa at 4.3 K
- 32 MPa at short sample
- No separation expected

- Paolo Ferracin

- 04/27/2006

## SQ02b analysis FEM: end region

- Gap coil-island
- Friction: 38 μm gap at short sample
- A factor two reduction with respect to SQ02

- Paolo Ferracin

- 04/27/2006

## SQ02b test resultsConductor and magnet performance

- 4.5 K
- 1st quench
- 9.1 kA (93 % Iss)
- Highest quench
- 9.5 kA (97 % Iss)
- Similar as second thermal cycle at LBNL
- 1.8 K
- 1st quench
- 9.8 kA (90 % Iss)
- Highest quench
- 10.6 kA (98 % Iss)

- Paolo Ferracin

- 04/27/2006

## SQ02b test resultsConductor and magnet performance

- 4.5 K
- 1st quench
- 9.1 kA (93 % Iss)
- Highest quench
- 9.5 kA (97 % Iss)
- Similar as second thermal cycle at LBNL
- 1.8 K
- 1st quench
- 9.8 kA (90 % Iss)
- Highest quench
- 10.6 kA (98 % Iss)

- Paolo Ferracin

- 04/27/2006

## SQ02b test resultsRamp rate dependence

- 5 ramp-rate quenches
- Extrapolated ramp-rate corresponds to maximum current reached during training

- Paolo Ferracin

- 04/27/2006

## SQ02b test resultsTemperature dependence

- Paolo Ferracin

- 04/27/2006

## Outline

- Task motivations and goals
- Magnet overview and design features
- SQ02
- Pre-load
- Test results and analysis
- SQ02b
- Pre-load
- Test results and analysis
-  Conclusions and next steps

- Paolo Ferracin

- 04/27/2006

## Conclusions

- Successful test of the TQC01 / TQS01 conductor under similar operational conditions
- Achieved 97-98 % of calculated Iss (both at 4.3 K and 1.8 K) based on extracted strand measurements
- No significant degradation due to cabling or stress
- Successful implementation of
- Improved assembly procedure (implemented in TQS)
- New coil parts (same pole material as TQ)
- Quench initiation / training studies
- Voltage taps / strain gauges / 3D modeling
- Feedback on mechanics and analysis tools

- Paolo Ferracin

- 04/27/2006

## Next steps

- Analysis of SQ02b test results
- Analysis of magnetic measurements
- Analysis of quench propagation
- Effect of axial load (SQ02c)

- Paolo Ferracin

- 04/27/2006

## Training

- Paolo Ferracin

- 04/27/2006

## SQ02c

- Reload the magnet with “low” axial support
- Compare the results with SQ02b (“high” axial support)

- Paolo Ferracin

- 04/27/2006

## SQ02c pre-load

- Aluminum shell
- Measured tension at 4.3 K
- 97 MPa

- Axial rods
- Measured tension at 4.3 K
- 56 MPa (123 kN)

- Paolo Ferracin

- 04/27/2006

## SQ02c analysis FEM: end region

- Gap / tension coil-island
- Friction model: 119 m gap at short sample
- A factor 3 increase with respect to SQ02b

- Paolo Ferracin

- 04/27/2006