# Presentation: 170356

## GLONASS: Status and Perspectives

**Civil GPS Service Interface Committee**
**International Information Subcommittee**
**Prague, 14-15 March, 2005**
**________________________________________________**
**Sergey Revnivykh**
**Satellite Navigation Department**
**Mission Control Center**
**Central Research Institute of Machine Building**
**4 Pionerskaya st, 141070 Korolyov**
_**[sergey.revnivykh@mcc.rsa.ru](mailto:sergey.revnivykh@mcc.rsa.ru)**_
_**[http://www.mcc.rsa.ru/iac.htm](http://www.mcc.rsa.ru/iac.htm)**_

## Overview

**State Policy**
**System Status**
**Modernization**
**International Cooperation**
**Summary**

## State Policy Principles

**GLONASS is a dual-use system**
**Recognition of GLONASS as an strategic element of the national security issue **
**No direct user fees for civil GLONASS service**
**Open access to the GLONASS civil signal structure for user equipment manufacture, applications development and value-added services**
**Combine GLONASS/GPS receivers use on the Russian territory**
**Compatibility and interoperability of GLONASS with GPS and future GALILEO**
**Development of the GNSS global market**

## GLONASS State Policy Sources

**Decree of the President , 1999**
**Decision of the Government, 1999**
**Federal GLONASS Program for 2002-2011, approved by the Government, August 2001**
**State concept of the Russian United Navigation and Time Service System, October 2004:**
**GLONASS is a key element of the Navigation and Time Service System**

## Federal GLONASS Program Directions

**Sustainment and development of GLONASS system ****(Roscosmos, MOD)****:**
**Minimal operation capability (18 satellites) by 2008**
**Full operation capability (24 satellites) by 2010**
**Development and production preparation of the GNSS user equipment for civil and governmental users ****(Agency of Industry, MOD)**
**Combined GNSS receivers**
**Integrated systems based on GNSS techniques**
**Components manufacture**
**Navigation technology introduction in the transport infrastructure ****(Transport Agencies of MOT)**
**Geodesy system modernization ****(Mapping Agency of MOT)**

**Combined Federal Mission Oriented Program – **
**directly funded from **
**the Federal Budget with annual adjustment**

## GLONASS Program Management

**Roskosmos:**
**GLONASS development**
**GLONASS augmentation development**
**GLONASS performance monitoring and control**

**MOD:**
**GLONASS development**
**GLONASS operation**
**User equipment development for governmental use**

**ROSKOSMOS is**
**The Program Coordinator**

## Overview

**State Policy**
**System Status**
**Modernization**
**International Cooperation**
**Summary**

## GLONASS Constellation Status (05.03.2005)

**14 satellites in constellation**

**Flight tests**

**12 GLONASS satellites (****3 years life-time):**
**All operational**
**2 GLONASS-M satellites (****7 years life-time****)**
**Both in flight test**
**Next launch – end of 2005**

## Constellation History and Perspective

**GLONASS deployment milestones:**
**18 satellites in constellation – 2007**
**24 satellites in constellation – 2010-2011**

## GLONASS Control Segment (Space Force)

**GLONASS System Control Center **
**Krasnoznamensk, Moscow reg.**
**Satellite operation**
**OD&TS**
**TT&C stations**
**St.Petersbourg reg.**
**Schelkovo, Moscow reg**
**Yenisseysk**
**Komsomolsk-Amur**
**System clock (Central synchronizer)**
**Schelkovo**

**One-way tracking stations deployment:**
**Space Force sites**
**Rosstandard sites (Mendeleyevo, Novosibirsk, Irkutsk, Khabarovsk**

**Mission control segment development in schedule:**

## GLONASS Satellite Performance

**Guaranteed Life-time**
**Satellite mass**
**Power supply **
**Navigation payload **
**Mass**
**Power consumption****	**
**Clock stability (24 hours)**
**Attitude control accuracy**
**Solar panel pointing accuracy**

**3 years**
**1 415 kg**
**1 000 W**
**180 kg**
**600 W**
**5*10****-13**
**0.5 deg**
**5 deg**

**Total launched 8****1**** satellites**
**Actual life-time 4.5 years**

**Group launch by PROTON**

## GLONASS-M Performance

**GLONASS-M Performance**

**Guaranteed Life-time**
**Satellite mass**
**Power supply **
**Navigation payload **
**Mass**
**Power consumption****	**
**Clock stability (24 hours)**
**Attitude control accuracy**
**Solar panel pointing accuracy**

**7 years**
**1 415 kg**
**1 450 W**
**250 kg**
**580 W**
**1*10****-13**
**0.5 deg**
**2 deg**

**Extended life-time**
**L2 civil signal**
**Improved clock stability**
**Improved solar panel pointing**
**Improved dynamic model, less level of unpredicted accelerations**

**GLONASS-M new features:**

**Group launch by PROTON**

## GLONASS Availability Evolution

**12/2001****: ****6 SV, A=****1****7**** ******
**gap = 13.7h**** **

**12/2002****: ****8 SV, A=22**** ******
**gap = 9.3h**** **

**12/2003****: ****9 SV, A=35**** ******
**gap = 9.0h**** **

**12/2004****: ****11 SV, A=58**** ******
**gap = 4.6h**** **

**03/2005****: ****13 SV, A=76**** ******
**gap = 2.9h**** **

**12/2007****: ****18 SV, A=96**** ******
**gap = 0.6h**** **

**Since 2001 the gap in navigation reduced from 14 to 3 hours**

## Overview

**State Policy**
**System Status**
**Modernization**
**International Cooperation**
**Summary**

## GLONASS Service Modernization

**Second civil signal at L2 frequency band ****since GLONASS-M in 2003**** ****for higher accuracy**
**Third civil signal at L3 frequency band since GLONASS-K in 2008 ****for higher reliability and accuracy, especially for safety-of-life applications**
**GNSS Integrity information in the third civil signal (GLONASS-K) – ****reliability of navigation service**
**Global differential ephemeris and time corrections in the third civil signal (GLONASS-K) – ****sub meter real time accuracy for mobile users**
**Search and Rescue service (extension of COSPAS/SARSAT service) – ****shortening time of precise positioning and rescue for people in distress**

## GLONASS Modernization Plan

**Developer NPO PM**
**Producer**** ****PO “Polyot”**
**Total launched **** ****81 SV**
**Ordered**** ****1**** ****SV**
**In orbit**** ****12**** ****SV**** **
**Life-time**** ****3**** ****years**

**Developer**** ****NPO PM**
**Producer NPO PM**
**Ordered**** ****8**** ****SV**
**In orbit 2 SV**
**To be ordered**** ****6**** **
**Life-time**** 7 ****years**
**2****nd**** civil signal**

**Developer**** ****NPO PM**
**D&D phase**
**To be ordered**** ****up to ****27 ****SV**
**Life-time ****10 ****years**
**3****rd**** civil signal**

**Requirement definition**
**since **** 2002 г.**

**Ground control segment modernization**
**Navigation (OD$TS) system modernization**
**GLONASS augmentation system implementation**
**System certification for safety of life applications**

**Search and Rescue service implementation**

**Supplementary functions (TBD)**

**GLONASS**
**1982-2007**

**GLONASS-M**
**2003-201****5**

**GLONASS-K**
**200****8****-202****5**

**GLONASS-KM**
**2015-****.....**

**Navigation service market development**

## GLONASS-K Performance

**Guaranteed Life-time**
**Satellite mass**
**Power supply **
**Navigation payload **
**Mass**
**Power consumption****	**
**Clock stability (24 hours)**
**Attitude control accuracy**
**Solar panel pointing accuracy**

**10 years**
**850 kg**
**1 270 W**
**260 kg**
**750 W**
**1*10****-13**
**0.5 deg**
**1 deg**

**Extended life-time**
**L3 civil signal**
**Improved performance**
**SAR function**

**GLONASS-K new features:**

**Group launch by SOYUZ**

## GLONASS Signals

**f****k1****=f****01****+k************f****1**
**f****k2****=f****02****+k************f****2**
**f****k3****=f****k1*****3/4**
**f****01****=1602**** MHz; ********f****1****= 562,5 kHz**
**f****02****=1246**** MHz; ********f****2****= ****437****,5 kHz**

## GLONASS Augmentation Development

**National GLONASS/GPS Tracking Stations Network**

**Data Processing and Analysis**
** ****Center**

**Integrity information**
**Global Orbit and Time Corrections**

- Global IGS Network

- Uplink stations

**GLONASS-K**

**GEO**

- L3 signal

**Operation since 2008**

**Positioning in real time:**
**Global****	****<1 m**
**Regional****	****<5 cm **

## GLONASS Performance Monitoring and Control

**Central Research Institute of ROSKOSMOS (Information Analytical Navigation Center) to fit-back for GLONASS Control Segment**
**Daily ephemeris and clock correction evaluation**
**Data of global IGS network in use**
**Driver for GLONASS performance improvement**

**Orbit error in range      (12.02.2005)**

**SISRE**

**GPS**

**GLONASS**

**GPS**

**GLONASS**

## Overview

**State Policy**
**System Status**
**Modernization**
**International Cooperation**
**Summary**

## General Goal

**Benefit  users by the reliable, accurate and with high availability navigation service**
**Developing GLONASS to provide compatibility and interoperability with existing and future systems**
**Beneficial use of GNSS service in the world market**
**Standards consolidation**
**Frequency protection **
**Joint development of user equipment and augmentations**

## Russia - EU

**Negotiation process resumed**
**Consultations on the EU-Russia GALILEO/GLONASS Agreement – ****text to be consolidated soon**
**Technical group to find solutions for compatibility and interoperability **
**Signal compatibility and interoperability at L3/E5b**
**Time scale shift transmission**
**GLONASS geodesy reference to be adjusted to ITRF**
**Russian industry involvement into GALILEO development**
**SOYUZ launch service for GSTB-V2a**
**NII PP laser reflectors delivered for GSTB-V2a/b**
**Involvement to the H-maser development**
**Russian industry involvement in FP-6**

## Russia - India

**Agreement signed in December 2004**
**Civil GLONASS service covering**
**Participation of India in the GLONASS constellation sustainment (including launches of GLONASS-M satellites with India’s GSLV rocket)**
**Cooperation in ground GNSS infrastructure development**

## Russia - US

**GPS/GLONASS full compatibility provided by design for existing signals**
**Joint statement signed in December 2004:**
**No direct user fees for civil GLONASS/GPS service confirmed**
**Cooperation at International organizations**
**Ensure compatibility and interoperability**
**SAR function implementation**
**Agreement preparation**

## GPS/GLONASS Combine Use Benefits

**Advantage of Positioning Availability for Urban and Canyon Conditions **
**(GDOP<5, mask angle 25****o****)**

**GPS only**

**GPS+GLONASS (9 sats)**

**GPS+GLONASS (12 sats)**

**GPS+GLONASS (18 sats)**

**Number of satellites in view for Moscow region during a day**

**GPS+GLONASS (9 sats)**

**GPS only**

## Overview

**State Policy**
**System Status**
**Modernization**
**International Cooperation**
**Summary**

## Summary

**GLONASS is existing and developing system**
**GLONASS significance as an element of the national security issue recognized**
**Performance improvement is in schedule of Federal GLONASS Program**
**Both compatibility and interoperability of the existing and future systems is the strategic way ahead **

## Спасибо за внимание!