# Presentation: 460878

## The Importance of  Studying Organizations ---

- Including “Virtual” Organizations

**SBE/IOS      OCI/VOSS      CISE/HCI**

- Jacqueline Meszaros, Ph.D.
- Program Director
- Innovation and Organizational Sciences

## SBE – IOS	

- Dedicated to organization-level phenomena
- Norms, Cultures, Subcultures
- Groups, Teams, Movements
- Structure, Function, Power
- Designed, Informal, Emergent
- Dynamic, Complex
- Innovative, Effective, Competitive
- ORGS = KEYS TO INNOVATION, KNOWLEDGE, COMPETITIVENESS

## VOSS and the Science of Orgs

- Cross-disciplinary enablers of  Knowledge Creation: EQ, cancer, climate
- Facilitate access: NanoHUB, HASTAC
- The VOSS Dream:
- Evidence-based Advice and Principles for Science Practice

## VOSS COMPETITION

**Scientific Understanding to Enhance**

**Distributed, Cyberenabled **
**Scientific Organizations**
**Diana  Rhoten**
**Wayne  Lutters  ****	****Jack Meszaros **
**Julia Lane****	****    ****	**** Mary Lou Maher**
**Stephen  Nash ****	****                       Phil Westmoreland**
**	****          ****Arlene  DeStrulle         Barbara Olds             Gregg Solomon**

## VOSS COMPETITION

**68 Submitted Projects **
**	****	****15 Funded (22% funding rate)**
**Approx $4 million from OCI, **
**	****	****$225 k from CISE**
**	****	****$300 k from SBE**

## Meyer, U OregonVirtual Teams & 3D Virtual Environs

- 9 comparative cases of R&D teams
- 3 using traditional coordination devices
- 3 using company 3D virtual world
- 3 using Second Life
- Starting with knowledge of the basic activities associated with evolution of strong teams, the researchers will assess the way virtuality affects the basics (e.g., virtual storming, norming, etc.)

## Carayon, WisconsinVirtual Intensive Care

- Virtual ICU nurses serving multiple patients in multiple hospitals
- What are the keys to sustaining multiple simultaneous virtual collaborations (with diverse orgs, strucs, norms, procedures)
- High performance context generalizes to many other situations (police, disasters, education)
- Interpersonal, procedural, structural, human-computer insights

## Dourish, UCISpacecraft and Sociotech Systems

- Comparative case studies at NASA
- Compare successful and “unsuccessful” teams, all of which were cybermediated
- Access to the unsuccessful is unusual and valuable
- “Flat and consensual” vs “hierarchical and owned” strategies in virtual contexts.

## Wigand/KorsgaardCommunication, Trust, Leaders

- Massively Multiplayer Online Game
- Access to demog, surveys, experimental subworlds with constraints on entry
- Factors promoting team formation/longevity, leadership emergence, performance
- How to compose and manage virtual teams; compare with non-virtual

## Tapia, Penn StateHRCT Scanning as “Glue”

- Rare asset: HRCT Scanner
- Loose community forming around it – important to all of physical anthropology
- Like watching the formation of astronomy
- Norms, structures, power issues: evolution

## NSF-Wide Interest in VOSS (and IOS) issues:
NSF-Wide:  CDI, OCI
ENG: NEES, Other Centers
CISE: GENI, HCI
GEO: Sensor Networks
Polar: Climate Modeling 
SBE:  SciSIP

EVIDENCE AND PRINCIPLIES FOR SCIENTIFIC INNOVATION, KNOWLEDGE CREATION AND DISSEMINATION (thru VO)

- NSF-Wide:  CDI, OCI
- ENG: NEES, Other Centers
- CISE: GENI, HCI
- GEO: Sensor Networks
- Polar: Climate Modeling
- SBE:  SciSIP
- EVIDENCE AND PRINCIPLIES FOR SCIENTIFIC INNOVATION, KNOWLEDGE CREATION AND DISSEMINATION (thru VO)