# Presentation: 674201

## Power Mode 

**    ****Definitions **
- and
**    ****User Interfaces**

***US TAG - TC 108  /  October 4, 2002***
**Bruce Nordman**
**Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory****    http://eetd.LBL.gov/Controls**

## LBNL: What We Do

- U.S. Department of Energy National Laboratory
- Related to TC 108:
- Codes and Standard (Appliances)
- ENERGY STAR Specifications (IT, CE)
- 1-Watt Standby Power Initiative
- TC 59: Standby Power Test Procedure
- User Interface Standard

## UI Background / Rationale

- Existing Power Management Controls:
- Hidden, Confusing (Inconsistent), Absent
- Power Management Enabling Rates Low
- Lots of Wasted Energy
- Poor User Image of Energy Efficiency, Product Quality

## Office Equipment Energy(Annual Electricity — TWh/year)

**No Power Management**
**Now**** **(ENERGY STAR)
**Potential**(100% Enabling)

- $1.3B

- $1.9B

## Solution

- Create broadly similar interfaces for power / power management control across all office equipment and consumer electronics
- Accomplish this by creating a _voluntary_ standard for interface elements
- Institutionalize the standard through international standards, industry standards, and marketing to industry
- Expected Result: Increased enabling rates and use of _existing_ power management capability

## Existing power-related ISO/IEC “Graphical Symbols For Use On Equipment”

***Few U.S. residents can identify and define many of these***

## Structure of Standard

- Static
- Six principles: terms, symbols, indicators
- Many overlap with existing standards
- Dynamic
- Nine principles: behavior over time
- More akin to design guidelines

## Three Basic StatesOn, Off, Sleep

- Three Basic StatesOn, Off, Sleep

- Within a state, device has consistent capability, behavior (e.g. state change)
- May have more states, but all mapped into forms of the basic three

## The Term “Power”

- For indicators, switches/buttons
- Need standard translation
- Possible “international word” (voice)

## Power Symbols

- Drop        as a symbol.
- Change meaning of         from “Standby” to “Power”
- Symbols and/or Indicators

## Indicators

- Use Green / Amber / Off for On / Sleep / Off
- Blinking only for transitions or non-power meanings
- Possible standard (optional) audio indications

## SleepMetaphor and Symbol

- “Sleep” is most compelling metaphor, and has clear extensions (e.g. “waking up”).
-        is already common and seems clear

## Hibernate

- “Hibernate” is a form of “Off”
- Need a new term - perhaps “off”

## Dynamic Behavior (1)

- Use “power up” to mean turn on or wake up, and “power down” for turn off or go to sleep.
- Use flashing green on the power indicator for powering up and flashing amber for powering down.
- Provide optional audio indications for power state transitions.
- Alternating green/amber can be used to mean error if red is not available.

## Dynamic Behavior (2)

- The power button toggles between the two most common power states.
- When a device is *asleep*, pressing the power button will (usually) wake it up.
- Holding down a power button for an extended time will trigger an emergency action.
- Usually, when a device is *asleep*, the input causing a wake event should be discarded.
- Provide icons to show what types of input may be active.

## Moon: Construction

- This use of moon seems OK re: Islam

## Implications

- Hardware
- Protocols (e.g. ACPI, network)
- Software (Operating Systems, Applications)
- Labeling (ENERGY STAR, TCO)
- Standards
- Existing (Symbols, Indicators, Safety, ???)
- New (IEEE, general UI)

## What TC 108 Can Do

- Endorse the _merit_ of a user interface standard (w/ or w/o endorsing its _content_)
- Forward the interface standard to all appropriate committees and working groups
- TC 3, TC 16, ISO 145, JTC1 35, ???
- Consider the terminology for TC 108 standards

## Possible Discussion

- TC 108 future role
- Safety aspects of power symbols and indicators
- IEEE standard role
- Terminology

## Power Modes

- Power modes occur in:
- Consumer usage (colloquial, products)
- Internal Terminology (interfaces, protocols, etc.)
- ENERGY STAR Specifications
- Standards (test procedures, UI definitions)
- Other Energy Policy (regulations, energy standards)
- For each, may vary widely by product type
- Office equipment, consumer electronics, etc.

## Power Modes, cont.

- We should strive *towards* harmonizing
-     _terms_, _metaphors_, and _definitions_
-     across usage contexts and device types
- With fast evolution, test procedures need to anticipate future products and technologies and be adaptable
- With devices commonly connected, standards for the information environment/context need to be part of any test procedures

## Questions/Comments

## PC Sample State Diagram

## Colors

- Accessibility re: Color Deficiency
- Studies for Traffic Signal Lights
- Can specify LEDs that are accessible