# Presentation: 369684

## COMMERCIALISATION OF BIOFUELS IN POLAND

**Sławomir Podlaski**
**Department of***** *****Plant Physiology***** ******  ***
**Faculty of Agriculture and Biology              **
**Warsaw***** *****University***** *****of Life***** *****Sciences**
** ****e-mail:***** *****slawomir_podlaski@sggw.pl**

**USDA Global Conference on Agricultural Biofuels: Research and Economics Minneapolis, Minnesota – August 20-22, 2007**

## 1 May 2004 eight countries of Central and Eastern Europe                  - join the  European Union

## As the member of UE Poland is obliged to fulfill European directives and obligations

**According to the EU 2003/30/ directive**
**a share of biofules in total use of all transport  should reach in 2010**
**5.75% (energetic value)**
**Probably, in 2010 average share of biofuels in the EU will fluctuate around 4-5%.**

## Figure 1. Share  (%) of biofuels in Poland in 2004-2010 

**Wishful thinking or reality?**

## Figure 2. Production of biofuels in Poland in 2002-2006 (thousands tons)

- Production

## Raw materials for production of bioethanol

**Rye 70 - 85 %**
**Sugar beet/molasses 10-20%**
**Potatoes  5 -10%**
**Other ingredients  3-4 %**
**There would be no problems with raw material for bioethanol production**

## Possibilities of increasing production of biodiesel in Poland 

**Raw material - seeds of winter rape**
**Domestic demand for rape seed for:                                                          **
** ****food  2006     - 1 mln t,   2010 -   1,3 mln t**
** ****biodiesel 2006 - 0,31,  ****    ****2010 -   1,43 **
**the need for increasing area under rape from 0,5 to 1 million hectares**
**It can be difficult !!!**

## The basic problem of biofuels production development in Poland 

**Tax policy!!!**
**  ****Total cost of 1 liter of  biofuels and**** convention****al fuels(less VAT and excise duty).**
**  ****Bioethanol- 4,115 PLN  ****     ****Biodiesel -   3,324  PLN                               Petrol  ****   ****- 1,601 PLN  ****     ****Diesel   **** ****-  **** ****1,781  PLN**
**  **
**Difference:   2,514                 ****        **** ****  ****1,543**** **
**         ****Cost of fuels at pump station (22.06.2007)**
**  **
**   ****Petrol (Pb 95) – 4,43 PLN    Diesel – 3,71 PLN**
**              **
**                  ****1 USD =   2,28   PLN**

## Promotion of biofuel production in Poland 

**- exempt from excise duty - 1,561 PLN/l for ethanol and 1,048 PLN/l for biodiesel**
**-**** ****reduction of 19% of surplus biofuels production costs over the cost of production of**** ****Emineral fuel**
**- subsidy of 45 E/hectare for energy crops**
**financial support for investment**
**In March 2006 was established**
**Polish Technological Platform for Biofuels and Biocomponents**** **
**for promotion of raw material and biofuels production**

## The main target of research and technology progress is decreased cost of  biofuels production

**Share of feedstock in:**
**ethanol production - about 50%**
**biodiesel             - about 75-85%**
** ****Main target : increase yield of carbohydrate and oil per unit area**
**Breeding  new hybrid varieties of sugar beet, rye and rape more suitable for production of biofuels**
**There is lack of research on evaluation of different cellulose feedstock for production of ethanol**

## Improvement of conversion technology 

**   ****Biofuels production technology research  are conducted **** ****in the following fields and institutes:**
***   ******Institute for Fuels and Renewable Energy in Warsaw***
**   ****Elaborations of new fuels and lubricants production**** ****technology.**
***   ******Industrial Chemistry Research Institute  in Warsaw***
**   ****Production  technology of RME (rape methyl esters)**
**   ****Production technology of technical glycerine**
***   ******Institute of Petroleum Processing in Cracow***
**   ****Development production technology of biofuels and additives for conventional fuels  blends with  biofuels (Bioxiten 51 for biodiesel and Petrosol for gasoline)**
**   ****Evaluation, certification and standardization of ethanol and other alcohols used as a gasoline compounds.**

##   There is lack of research on:

improvement of ethanol production technology

evaluation of usefulness of different cellulose feedstock (energy crops) for production of ethanol

- genetic modification of micro-organisms for production of ethanol

**improvement of ethanol production technology**
**evaluation of usefulness of different cellulose feedstock (energy crops) for production of ethanol**
**- genetic modif****ication of**** micro-organisms for production of ethanol**

## Thank you for your attention