# Presentation: 616562

## Satellite Navigation Program

**Satellite Navigation Program**

**Joseph Teixeira**
**Federal Aviation Administration**

## Satellite Navigation’s MissionWAAS/LAAS Implementation

- FAA 460-10

## Wide Area AugmentationSystem (WAAS) Architecture

**Wide Area Augmentation****System (WAAS) Architecture**

## WAAS System Status 

**WAAS System Status **

***Communications***
**Satellites **
**2 of 2 on Orbit**** **
**Terrestrial Communications Links Installation Complete**
***Hardware***
**WAAS Reference Stations**
**25 of 25 WRSs Installed/Tested (as of 6/3/98)**
**WAAS Master Station**
**2 of 2 WMSs Installed/Tested (as of 6/3/98)**
***Key Issues***
**Stability**
**Integrity**

## Stability

**Commenced 60-day Stability Test on Dec 13, 1999 **
**Test Halted After 30 Days Due To 100 Minute Cumulative Signal Loss**
**21-Day Retest Completed 30 June**

## Integrity

**Meeting FAA Safety Integrity Requirement is Most Significant Schedule Driver**
**Analysis Indicates Integrity Monitors Do Not Work Correctly**
**3 HMI Events Not Detected by Safety Monitor**
**Finalizing Algorithm Description Documents for LNAV/VNAV 9-11 August **
**Safety Processor Upgrade May Be Required**** **

## WAAS Operational Status

**Initial Operational Capability with LNAV/VNAV in 2002**
**Vertical Guidance Down to 350 Feet Above Threshold**
**Precision Approach Capability Equivalent to Category I ILS**
**WAAS Integrity Performance Panel Report Due in October**

## International Status

**International Status**

***Canada***
**Transitioning to Operational Canadian WAAS (CWAAS)**
**Future Agreement Underway to Integrate WAAS and CWAAS**
***Mexico***
**Working Cooperatively With the FAA to Install 3 WAAS Testbed Stations (NSTB Single-strand Reference Stations) in Mazatlan, Merida, and Mexico City**
**Preparing to Conduct Joint Faa/Mexico Tests to Define Mexico Operational WAAS Participation, Expected Benefits and Overall System Performance**

## International Status (Con’t)

**International Status (Con’t)**

***South America***
**The Caribbean and South American (CAR/SAM) Region Is Committed to a GNSS Solution As a Foundation for a Larger CNS/ATM Transition Within Latin America**
**The CAR/SAM Test Bed (CSTB) Will Be Based on WAAS Testbed Stations (NSTB Single-strand Reference Stations) **
**Will Provide Test Capability for All of South America, Central America, and the Caribbean**
**In the Future, LAAS Prototype Equipment Will Be Used to Conduct Tests for Providing a Precision Approach Capability to the Region**

## International Status (Con’t)

**International Status (Con’t)**

***Japan/Europe***
**Interoperability Working Group (IWG) Established to Discuss Critical Interoperability Issues Important to Satellite Based Augmentation Systems (SBAS) Providers**** **
**IWG/1 Was the First Such Meeting Between **_***All***_*** ***** SBAS Providers, Hosted by U.S. - Aug 97**
**Seven Additional Meetings Have Been Held in Europe, Canada and  Most Recently in Japan (May 2000)**

## Local Area Augmentation System (LAAS) Architecture

**LAAS**
**Reference Station**
**(Integrity**
**Accuracy**
**Availability)**

**Processor**
**GPS **
**Receiver**
**VHF **
**Transmitter**

**Pseudolite**

**Pseudolite**

**Pseudolite**

**L1 Differential**
**Broadcast Capability**

**VHF Data**
**Link**

## LAAS  Background

**Government Industry Partnerships Signed (4/99)**
**Raytheon and Honeywell Teams**
**LAAS Flight Tests in Atlantic City, NJ (8/99)**
**ATA, FAA, and UPS Participated**
**LAAS Flight Trials in Memphis, TN (11/99)**
**ATA, FAA, and FedEx Participated**

## LAAS Implementation Plans

**Install 20 CAT I LAAS Beginning in 2002**
**Install First CAT III LAAS in 2005**
**Plan Calls For a Total of 160 LAAS**
**46 CAT I**
**114 CAT III**

## Practical Aspects of Satellite Navigation

**Routes**
**Direct**
**Independent of Ground Infrastructure**
**Approaches**
**Greater Uniformity**
**More Precise / Easier to Fly**
**Available for Most Airports**
**Vertical Guidance**

## Basic  “T”  Approach

- Right Base Area
- Navigation to this fix

- Left Base Area
- Navigation to this fix

- Straight-In Area
- Navigation to this fix

**Basic  “T”  Approach**

**IAF**

**IAF**

**IF(IAF)**

**FAF**

**MAP**

**Basic “T”**

**Standard TAA**

## Status of GPS Approach 

**Procedures as of July 00**

**Non-Precision Approach Procedures (TSO C-129)**
**2,353 GPS Nonprecision Procedures Have Been Published**
**1,057 of the GPS NPA’s Provide New Capability to Runways that Previously Did Not Have a Straight-In IFR Approach**

**Notes:**
6 month process - developed and then flt inspected by AVN personnel, NGS verifies and publishes the procedures.  In 924 approaches, GPS has provide new capabilities either as new approaches or straight in versus angled.  1669 total in use today

## WAAS Procedures

**Development PLAN**

**	****	****99****	****00****	****01****	****02****	****03****	****04****	****05****	****06****	****07****	****08****	****Total**
**WAAS****	****0****	****50*****	****490****	****490****	****490****	****485****	****485****	****485****	****485****	****150****	****3610**
**LNAV/VNAV****	**** 0****	****50*****	****490****	****490****	****490****	****485****	****485****	****485****	****485****	****150****	****3610**
**LNAV******	****490****	****490****	****490****	****490****	****490****	****485****	****485****	****485****	****485****	****0****	****4340**
**Helicopter****	****10****	****10****	****10****	****10****	****10****	****15****	****15****	****15****	****15****	****0****	****100**

****  Minimum.***
***** LNAV (TSO-129) Procedures will be reaccomplished when overlying WAAS and LNAV/VNAV are developed.***

**Notes:**
2008 By over 8000 total procedures will be developed.

## GPS Today and Tomorrow

**27 Satellites With L1 C/A Signal Today**
**WAAS Initial Operational Capability       LNAV/VNAV in 2002**
**LAAS CAT I Commissioning 2002**
**LAAS CAT III Commissioning 2005****	**

**Notes:**
L5 and S/A dates from FAA briefings at London RTCA meeting 7/20-7/21