# Presentation: 029487

## Energy Prices, 1980-2030

**Crude Oil**

**Electricity**

**Coal**

**Natural gas**

**Projections**

**History**

**2005 dollars per million Btu**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Delivered Energy Consumption by Sector, 1980-2030

**Industrial**

**Transportation**

**Commercial**

**Residential**

**Projections**

**History**

**quadrillion Btu**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Energy Consumption by Fuel, 1980-2030

**Natural Gas**

**Petroleum**

**Nuclear**

**Coal**

**Nonhydro renewables**

**Hydropower**

**Projections**

**History**

**quadrillion Btu**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Energy Use per Capita and per Dollar of Gross Domestic  Product, 1980-2030

**Energy use per capita**

**Energy use per dollar GDP**

**Projections**

**History**

- Energy Use per Capita and per Dollar of Gross Domestic  Product, 1980-2030

**index, 1980 = 1**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Electricity Generation by Fuel, 1980-2030

**Petroleum**

**Renewables**

**Coal**

**Natural gas**

**Nuclear**

**Electricity Demand**

**2,094**

**5,478**

**Projections**

**History**

**billion kilowatthours**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Total Energy Production and Consumption, 1980-2030

**Net imports**

**Consumption**

**Production**

**Projections**

**History**

**quadrillion Btu**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Energy Production by Fuel, 1980-2030

**Petroleum**

**Nonhydro renewables**

**Hydropower**

**Coal**

**Natural gas**

**Nuclear**

**Projections**

**History**

**quadrillion Btu**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## U.S. Carbon Dioxide Emissions by Sector and Fuel,1990-2030

**Petroleum**

**Industrial**

**Coal**

**Natural gas**

**Transportation**

**Commercial**

**Residential**

**1990**

**2005**

**2010**

**2030**

**2020**

- U.S. Carbon Dioxide Emissions by Sector and Fuel,1990-2030

**million metric tons**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Reformed CAFE Standards (miles per gallon) for Light Trucks by Model Year and Vehicle Footprint (square feet)

**miles per gallon**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## World Oil Prices in Three Cases, 1990-2030

**Reference**

**High Price**

**Low Price**

**Projections**

**History**

**2005 dollars per barrel**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Changes in Construction Commodity Costs,1973-2006

**Construction Commodities**
**Composite**

**Iron and Steel**

**Cement**

**Concrete Products**

- Changes in Construction Commodity Costs,1973-2006

**constant dollar index, 1973=100; 1981=100 for cement costs**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Drilling Costs for Onshore Natural Gas Development Wells at Depths of 7,500 to 9,999 Feet, 1996-2004

**Average**

**Median**

**2004 dollars per well**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Change in Iron and Steel, Mining Equipment and Machinery, and Railroad Equipment Costs, 1973-2006

**Mining Equipment and Machinery**

**Railroad Equipment**

**Iron and Steel**

**constant dollar index, 1973=100**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Changes in Construction Commodity Costs and Electric Utility Construction Costs, 1973-2006

**Electric Utility Construction**

**Construction Commodities Composite**

**constant dollar index, 1973=100**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Additions to Electricity Generation Capacity in the Electric Power Sector, 1990-2030

**gigawatts of net summer capacity**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Energy Intensity of Industry Subgroups in the Metal-Based Durables Group of Manufacturing Industries, 2002

**Natural Gas**

**Electricity**

**thousand Btu per 2000 dollar value of shipments**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Average Annual Growth Rates of Value of Shipments for Metal-Based Durables Industries in the AEO2006 and AEO2007 Reference Case Projections, 2005-2030

**AEO2006**

**AEO2007**

**percent per year**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Average Annual Increases in Energy Demand for Metal-Based Durables Industries in the AEO2006 and AEO2007 Reference Case Projections, 2005-2030

**AEO2006**

**AEO2007**

**percent per year**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Annual Delivered Energy Demand for the Non-Energy-Intensive Manufacturing Industry Groups in the AEO2006 and AEO2007 Reference Case Projections, 2005-2030

**Other Non-Energy-Intensive**

**AEO2007**

**AEO2006**

**Metal-Based Durables**

**AEO2007**

**AEO2006**

**trillion Btu**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Lower 48 Offshore Crude Oil Production in Two Cases, 1990-2030

**Projections**

**History**

**Reference Case**

**Outer Continental Shelf**
**Access Case**

**million barrels per day**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Lower 48 Offshore Natural Gas Production in Two Cases, 1990-2030

**Reference Case**

**Outer Continental Shelf**
**Access Case**

**Projections**

**History**

**trillion cubic feet**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## U.S. Ethanol Production and Production Capacity, 1999-2007

**Consumption**

**Production Capacity**

**Under**
**Construction**
**August 2006**

**billion gallons**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Average U.S. Prices for Ethanol and Gasoline,2003-2006

**Ethanol without Blender’s Tax Credit**

**Unleaded Motor Gasoline**

**Ethanol with Blender’s Tax Credit**

- Average U.S. Prices for Ethanol and Gasoline,2003-2006

**nominal cents per gallon**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Average Annual Growth Rates of Real GDP, Labor Force, and Productivity in Three Cases, 2005-2030

**percent per year**

**High Growth**

**Low Growth**

**Reference**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Average Annual Inflation, Interest, and Unemployment Rates in Three Cases, 2005-2030

**Low Growth**

**High Growth**

**Reference**

**percent per year**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Sectoral Composition of Industrial Output Growth Rates in Three Cases, 2005-2030

**High Growth**

**Low Growth**

**Reference**

**percent per year**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Energy Expenditures in the U.S. Economy,1990-2030

**Projections**

**History**

**High Growth**

**Low Growth**

**Reference**

- Energy Expenditures in the U.S. Economy,1990-2030

**billion 2005 dollars**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Energy Expenditures as a Share of Gross Domestic Product, 1970-2030

**5.8**

**17.4**

**Energy Intensity**
**(thousand Btu per real dollar of GDP)**

**Projections**

**History**

**All Energy**

**Natural Gas**

**Petroleum**

**9.1**

**nominal expenditures as a percent of nominal GDP**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## World Oil Prices in Three Cases, 1980-2030

**Projections**

**History**

**Low Price**

**High Price**

**Reference**

**2005 dollars per barrel**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## U.S. Gross Petroleum Imports by Source, 2005-2030

**North America**

**Other OPEC**

**Europe**

**OPEC Persian Gulf**

**Other**

**Far East**

**Caribbean**

**million barrels per day**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Unconventional Resources as a Share of the World Liquids Market, 1990-2030

**High Price**

**Low Price**

**Projections**

**History**

**Reference**

**percent**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## World Liquids Production Shares by Region,2005 and 2030

**North America**

**Other OPEC**

**OPEC**
**Persian**
**Gulf**

**Far East**

**Central/South**
**America**

**Europe and**
**Eurasia**

**Africa/**
**Middle East**

**2030**

- World Liquids Production Shares by Region,2005 and 2030

**percent**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Energy Use per Capita and per Dollar of Gross Domestic  Product, 1980-2030

**Energy use per capita**

**Energy use per dollar GDP**

**Projections**

**History**

- Energy Use per Capita and per Dollar of Gross Domestic  Product, 1980-2030

**index, 1980=1**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Primary Energy Use by Fuel, 2005-2030

**Coal**

**Natural Gas**

**Petroleum**

**Other Renewables**

**Hydropower**

**Nuclear**

**quadrillion Btu**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Delivered Energy Use by Fuel, 1980-2030

**Natural Gas**

**Liquid Fuels**

**Coal**

**Electricity**

**Projections**

**History**

**Renewables**

**quadrillion Btu**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Primary Energy Consumption by Sector, 1980-2030

**Commercial**

**Industrial**

**Residential**

**Transportation**

**quadrillion Btu**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Residential Delivered Energy Consumption per Capita, 1990-2030

**High Technology**

**Reference**

**2006 Technology**

**Projections**

**History**

**index, 1990=1**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Residential Delivered Energy Consumption by Fuel,2005, 2015, and 2030

**2005**

**2015**

**2030**

- Residential Delivered Energy Consumption by Fuel,2005, 2015, and 2030

**quadrillion Btu**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Efficiency Indicators for Selected Residential Appliances, 2005 and 2030

**2005 Stock**

**2030 Stock, 2006 Technology Case**

**2030 Stock, Best Available Technology Case**

**index, 2005 stock efficiency=1**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Commercial Delivered Energy Consumption per Capita, 1980-2030

**Reference**

**High Technology**

**2006 Technology**

**Projections**

**History**

**index, 1980=1**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Commercial Delivered Energy Consumption by Fuel,2005, 2015, and 2030

**2005**

**2015**

**2030**

- Commercial Delivered Energy Consumption by Fuel,2005, 2015, and 2030

**quadrillion Btu**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Efficiency Indicators for Selected Commercial Energy End Users, 2005 and 2030

**2005 Stock**

**2030 Stock, 2006 Technology Case**

**2030 Stock, Best Available Technology Case**

**index, 2005 stock efficiency=1**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Buildings Sector Electricity Generation from Advanced Technologies, 2030

**High Technology**

**Best Available Technology**

**percent change from reference case**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Industrial Delivered Energy Consumption, 1980-2030

**High Growth**

**Reference**

**Projections**

**History**

**Low Growth**

**quadrillion Btu**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Average Output Growth in the Manufacturing Subsectors, 2005-2030

**Low Growth**

**Reference**

**High Growth**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Average Growth of Delivered Energy Consumption in the Manufacturing Subsectors, 2005-2030

**Low Growth**

**Reference**

**High Growth**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Industrial Delivered Energy Intensity, 1980-2030

**2006 Technology**

**Reference**

**Projections**

**History**

**High Technology**

**thousand Btu per 2000 dollar value of shipments**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Average Change in Energy Intensity in the Manufacturing Subsectors, 2005-2030

**2006 Technology**

**Reference**

**High Technology**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Delivered Energy Consumption for Transportation,1980-2030

**High Growth**

**Reference**

**Low Price**

**Projections**

**History**

**Low Growth**

**High Price**

- Delivered Energy Consumption for Transportation,1980-2030

**quadrillion Btu**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Delivered Energy Consumption in Light-Duty Vehicles, 1980-2030

**High Growth**

**Reference**

**High Price**

**Projections**

**History**

**Low Growth**

**Low Price**

**quadrillion Btu**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Average Fuel Economy of New Light-Duty Vehicles,1980-2030

**High Technology**

**Reference**

**Low Price**

**Projections**

**History**

**2006 Technology**

**High Price**

- Average Fuel Economy of New Light-Duty Vehicles,1980-2030

**miles per gallon**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Sales of Unconventional Light-Duty Vehicles by FuelType, 2015 and 2030

**Total**

**Flex-Fuel**

**Electric Hybrid**

**Advanced Diesel**

**Gaseous Technology**

**Fuel Cell and Electric**

- Sales of Unconventional Light-Duty Vehicles by FuelType, 2015 and 2030

**thousand vehicles sold**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Annual Electricity Sales by Sector, 1980-2030

**Residential**

**Industrial**

**Commercial**

**Projections**

**History**

**billion kilowatthours**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Electricity Generation by Fuel, 2005 and 2030

**2005**

**2030**

**billion kilowatthours**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Electricity Generation Capacity Additions by Fuel Type, Including Combined Heat and Power, 2006-2030

**Natural Gas**

**Coal**

**Renewables**

**Nuclear**

**gigawatts**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Levelized Electricity Costs for New Plants,2015 and 2030

**Incremental Transmission Costs**

**Variable Costs,**
**Including Fuel**

**Fixed**
**Costs**

**Capital**
**Costs**

**2015**

**2030**

- Levelized Electricity Costs for New Plants,2015 and 2030

**2005 mills per kilowatthour**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Electricity Generation Capacity Additions, IncludingCombined Heat and Power, by Region and Fuel,2006-2030

**Coal**

**Natural Gas**

**Renewable/Other**

**Nuclear**

- Electricity Generation Capacity Additions, IncludingCombined Heat and Power, by Region and Fuel,2006-2030

**gigawatts**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Electricity Generation from Nuclear Power,1973-2030

**Projections**

**History**

**High Growth**

**Reference**

**Low Price**

**Low Growth**

**Low Price**

- Electricity Generation from Nuclear Power,1973-2030

**billion kilowatthours**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Levelized Electricity Costs for New Plants by Fuel Type in Two Nuclear Cost Cases, 2015 and 2030

**Incremental Transmission Costs**

**Variable**
**Costs,**
**Including**
**Fuel**

**Fixed**
**Costs**

**Capital**
**Costs**

**Natural Gas**
**Combined Cycle**

**Nuclear:  Low**
**Cost Case**

**Coal**

**Nuclear:**
**Reference Case**

**Nuclear:  High**
**Cost Case**

**2015**

**2030**

**2005 cents per kilowatthour**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Nonhydroelectric Renewable Electricity Generation by Energy Source, 2005-2030

**Geothermal**

**Solar**

**Wind**

**Biomass**

**MSW/**
**Landfill Gas**

**billion kilowatthours**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Grid-Connected Electricity Generation from Renewable Energy Sources, 1990-2030

**Other Renewables**

**Conventional Hydropower**

**Projections**

**History**

**billion kilowatthours**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Levelized and Avoided Costs for New renewable Plants in the Northwest, 2030

**2030**

**2005**

**High Renewable**

**Reference**

**Low Renewable**

**2005 mills per kilowatthour**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Renewable Electricity Generation, 2005-2030

**Reference**

**Regional RPS**

**billion kilowatthours**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Cumulative New Generating Capacity by Technology Type in Three Fossil Technology Cases, 2006-2030

**Coal**

**Advanced Coal**

**Advanced Gas**

**Renewable/Other**

**Natural Gas**

**Nuclear**

**gigawatts**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Fuel Prices to Electricity Generators, 1995-2030

**Nuclear**

**Natural Gas**

**Petroleum**

**Coal**

**Projections**

**History**

**2005 dollars per million Btu**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Average U.S. Retail Electricity Prices, 1970-2030

**Nominal Cents**

**1.7**

**13.0**

**Projections**

**History**

**2005 cents per kilowatthour**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Natural Gas Consumption by Sector, 1990-2030

**Transportation**

**Industrial**

**Residential**

**Commercial**

**Electric Power**

**Projections**

**History**

**trillion cubic feet**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Total Natural Gas Consumption, 1990-2030

**High Price**

**Low Price**

**Reference**

**Low Growth**

**High Growth**

**Projections**

**History**

**trillion cubic feet**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Natural Gas Consumption in the Electric Power and Other End-Use Sectors in Alternative Price Cases, 1990-2030

**Reference**

**Low Price**

**High Price**

**Projections**

**History**

**Reference**

**High Price**

**Low Price**

**Other End-Use**

**Electric Power**

**trillion cubic feet**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Natural Gas Consumption in the Electric Power and Other End-Use Sectors in Alternative Growth Cases, 1990-2030

**Reference**

**High Growth**

**Low Growth**

**Projections**

**History**

**Reference**

**Low Growth**

**High Growth**

**Other End-Use**

**Electric Power**

**trillion cubic feet**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Lower 48 Wellhead and Henry Hub Spot Market Prices for Natural Gas, 1990-2030

**Projections**

**History**

**Henry Hub Spot Market**

**Lower 48 Wellhead**

**2005 dollars per thousand cubic feet**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Lower 48 Wellhead Natural Gas Prices in Five Cases,1990-2030

**Rapid Technology**

**Slow**
**Technology**

**Reference**

**Projections**

**History**

**Low Price**

**High Price**

- Lower 48 Wellhead Natural Gas Prices in Five Cases,1990-2030

**2005 dollars per thousand cubic feet**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Natural Gas Prices by End-Use Sector, 1990-2030

**Electric Power**

**CNG Vehicles**

**Commercial**

**Industrial**

**Residential**

**Wellhead**

**Projections**

**History**

**2005 dollars per thousand cubic feet**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Average Natural Gas Transmission and Distribution Margins in Three Cases, 1990-2030

**Low Price**

**High Price**

**Reference**

**Projections**

**History**

**2005 dollars per thousand cubic feet**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Natural Gas Production by Source, 1990-2030

**Alaska**

**Lower 48 Non-Associated Unconventional**

**Lower 48 Non-Associated Offshore**

**Lower 48**
**Associated-Dissolved**

**Lower 48 Non-Associated Conventional Onshore**

**Projections**

**History**

**trillion cubic feet**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Total U.S. Natural Gas Production in Five Cases,1990-2030

**Reference**

**Rapid Technology**

**Slow Technology**

**Projections**

**History**

**Low Price**

**High Price**

- Total U.S. Natural Gas Production in Five Cases,1990-2030

**trillion cubic feet**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Net U.S. Imports of Natural Gas by Source, 1990-2030

**Canada**

**Overseas LNG**

**Mexico**

**Projections**

**History**

**trillion cubic feet**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Net U.S. Imports of Liquefied Natural Gas in Five Cases, 1990-2030

**Reference**

**Low Price**

**Low Growth**

**Projections**

**History**

**High Growth**

**High Price**

**trillion cubic feet**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Domestic Crude Oil  Production by Source, 1990-2030

**Lower 48 Onshore**

**Total**

**Deep Water Offshore**

**Projections**

**History**

**Shallow Water Offshore**

**Alaska**

**million barrels per day**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Total U.S. Crude Oil Production in Three Technology Cases, 1990-2030

**Reference**

**Rapid Technology**

**Slow Technology**

**Projections**

**History**

**million barrels per day**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Total U.S. Unconventional Oil Production in Two Price Cases, 2005-2030

**Reference**

**High Price**

**thousand barrels per day**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Liquid Fuels Consumption by Sector, 1990-2030

**Transportation**

**Electric Power**

**Industrial**

**Buildings**

**Projections**

**History**

**million barrels per day**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Net Import Share of U.S. Liquid Fuels Consumption,1990-2030

**Reference**

**Low Price**

**High Price**

**Projections**

**History**

**Low Growth**

**High Growth**

- Net Import Share of U.S. Liquid Fuels Consumption,1990-2030

**percent**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Average U.S. Delivered Prices for Motor Gasoline,1990-2030

**Reference**

**Low Price**

**High Price**

**Projections**

**History**

- Average U.S. Delivered Prices for Motor Gasoline,1990-2030

**2005 dollars per gallon**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Cellulose Ethanol Production, 2005-2030

**Lower Cost,**
**Reference Energy Price**

**High Energy Price**

**Lower Cost, High Energy Price**

**billion gallons per year**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Coal Production by Region, 1970-2030

**West**

**Appalachia**

**Total**

**Interior**

**Projections**

**History**

**quadrillion Btu**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Distribution of Coal to Domestic Markets by Supply and Demand Regions, including Imports, 2005 and 2030

**2030**

**2005**

**Supply Region**

**Supply Region**

**Demand West of the Mississippi River**

**Demand East of the Mississippi River**

**quadrillion Btu**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## U.S. Coal Production, 2005, 2015, and 2030

**Reference**

**quadrillion Btu**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Average Minemouth Price of Coal by Region,1990-2030

**West**

**U.S. Average**

**Interior**

**Appalachia**

**$1.84**

**$1.00**

**Projections**

**History**

**U.S. Average,**
**Nominal Dollars**

- Average Minemouth Price of Coal by Region,1990-2030

**2005 dollars per million Btu**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Average Delivered Coal Prices, 1990-2030

**Low Coal Cost**

**Low Price**

**Reference**

**High Price**

**Projections**

**History**

**High Coal Cost**

**High Growth**

**Low Growth**

**2005 dollars per million Btu**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Coal Consumption in the Industrial and Buildings Sectors and at Coal-to-Liquids Plants,2005, 2015, and 2030

**Coke Plants**

**Other Industrial**

**Coal to Liquids**

**Residential and**
**Commercial**

- Coal Consumption in the Industrial and Buildings Sectors and at Coal-to-Liquids Plants,2005, 2015, and 2030

**quadrillion Btu**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Carbon Dioxide Emissions by Sector and Fuel,2005 and 2030

**Natural**
**Gas**

**Coal**

**Electricity**

**Petroleum**

**Residential**

**Transportation**

**Commercial**

**Electric Power**

**Industrial**

**7,950**

**5,945**

**Total Carbon Dioxide Emissions**

- Carbon Dioxide Emissions by Sector and Fuel,2005 and 2030

**million metric tons**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Carbon Dioxide Emissions in Three Economic Growth Cases, 1990-2030

**Low Growth**

**Reference**

**High Growth**

**Projections**

**History**

**million metric tons**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Sulfur Dioxide Emissions from Electricity Generation,1995-2030

**Projections**

**History**

- Sulfur Dioxide Emissions from Electricity Generation,1995-2030

**million short tons**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Nitrogen Oxide Emissions from Electricity Generation,1995-2030

**Projections**

**History**

- Nitrogen Oxide Emissions from Electricity Generation,1995-2030

**million short tons**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007

## Mercury Emissions from Electricity Generation,1995-2030

**Projections**

**History**

- Mercury Emissions from Electricity Generation,1995-2030

**short tons**

- Annual Energy Outlook 2007