BEE-spoke-data/govdocs1-by-extension huggingface dataset:
# Presentation: 156349

## CORS Industry Forum

**CORS Information**
**Miranda Chin**
**&**
**CORS Data Management and Site Installation Team**
**March 2001**

## Topics

-  National CORS and Cooperative CORS
-  Ground Station
-  GPS Data – Rinex Format
-  Data Availability Profile
-  Meteorological Data
-  Technology Transfer

## National CORS & Cooperative CORS

**National CORS & Cooperative CORS**

| National CORS | Cooperative CORS |
| --- | --- |
| - Station commits to a long-term and continuous operation | - Station operates at least 8hrs/day; 5days/week |
| - Data are available online via the NGS CORS web page | - Provides a link to the participant’s web page |
| - All data are permanently archived in NGS | - Minimum 7 days’ data online at the participant’s web site |
| - antenna position re-computed everyday | - antenna position re-computed every 90 days or less |

## Slide 4

## Slide 5

## Ground Station

- NGS Process Action Team (PAT) 20 has produced a “National CORS Site Monumentation” report:
-  10ft below ground by 1.5ft diameter
-  5ft above ground by 1.0ft diameter
-  polymer Delrin antenna mount
-  polymer C-Bar reinforcement assembly embedded into concrete

## Slide 7

## Ground Station (cont.)

- Estimated cost to setup a CORS station:
-  Geodetic grade GPS receiver & chokering antenna and/or a high accuracy meteorological sensor (~ $14 - 20k)
-  Antenna monument construction (~ $1 – 3k)
-  Antenna cable conduit and a low lost antenna cable for underground installation (~ $0.5 – 3k)
-  PC, electrical power backup system, Internet connection, and accessories (~ $3k)
-  Total ~ $19 – 29k

## GPS Data – Rinex Format v2.10

-  Data file spans
-  hourly, daily, customized (UFCORS)
-  Data rates
-  *1sec, **5sec, 15sec, and 30sec
-  Data file life-time
-  hourly: 2 days + today
-  daily: permanently
- *WAAS/NSTB and special projects
- **DGPS/NDGPS in the process of changing to 5sec

## Slide 10

## Data Availability Profile

- To display online data availability
-  By station: user specify which station
-  By days: user selects # of days to display
-  UTC and local time zone

## Slide 12

## Slide 13

## Meteorological Data

- Instrument:
-  Accuracies: 1.0% humidity; 0.1 mbar pressure; 0.5 deg C temperature.
-  Data frequency: 5 minutes
- Met instrument operated by:
-  Forecast System Lab/NOAA
-  NGS
- # of stations:  currently 52; will grow rapidly

## Sites with “Met” Sensors

**Forecast Systems Laboratory & NGS**** **

**Sites with “Met” Sensors**

## Technology Transfer

-  Web page: www.ngs.noaa.gov/CORS
-  Email to cors@ngs.noaa.gov
-  Newsletter: updated daily; on-line & emailed weekly to ~ 600 people
-  National CORS:
- 	Jim.Drosdak@noaa.gov
-  Cooperative CORS:
- 	Julie.Prusky@noaa.gov

## Technology Transfer (Cont.)

-  CORS Workshop
-  Has been presented in conjunction with several surveyor conferences
-  Four-hour lecture presentation
-  Continuing education credits offered
-  Topics
-  GPS & CORS overviews
-  Positioning with CORS

## Technology Transfer (Cont.)

-  CORS Workshop
-  Topics (cont.)
-  Accessing CORS Information
-  Processing GPS Data
-  Spatial Reference Frames
# Presentation: 609583

## Apheresis Red Cell Technology

*Strategy for Increasing the Blood Supply*

## National Blood Exchange - Supply and Demand

**Fall**

- 1989-90

- 1990-91

- 1991-92

- 1992-93

- 1993-94

- 1994-95

- 1995-96

- 1996-97

- 1997-98

**Year**

**Winter**

- 5,000

- 10,000

- 15,000

- 20,000

- 25,000

- 1989-90

- 1990-91

- 1991-92

- 1992-93

- 1993-94

- 1994-95

- 1995-96

- 1996-97

- 1997-98

**Year**

**Number of Units**

- Source:  AABB News, March 1999

- Units requested
- Units listed

## U.S. Blood Donation DeclineNational Blood Data Resource Center

- Blood Supply ******, **Transfusions ****
- By year 2000 the blood supply will **** by *600,000* units.
- This is *249,000* units **< **expected need
- Blood supply trend:
- _Units Transfused_*1992 - 11.3 million transfusion**1997 - 11.5 million transfusions*
- _Units Collected_
*1992 - 13.2 million donations*
*1994 - 12.9 million donations*
*1997 - 12.3 million donations*

## Red Cell Apheresis Protocols

**Red Cell Apheresis Protocols**

- Two-Units of Red Cells
- Red Blood Cells and Plasma
- From 1 donation

## Apheresis Red Cell FDA Clearance History

**Apheresis Red Cell FDA Clearance History**

- April 1998	First 2-RBC Blood Bank License
- 1997	510(k) clearance for Allogeneic 2-RBC
- 1996	510(k) clearance for Autologous 2-RBC
- 1995	510(k) clearance for Allogeneic / 		Autologous RBC & Plasma

## 2RBC Allogeneic Nomogram

**Males**
- 130 pounds
- 5’1” height
- 40% hematocrit
- 112 day deferral

**Females**
- 150 pounds
- 5’5” height
- 40% hematocrit
- 112 day deferral

***RBCP nomogram is the same as whole blood.***

## Worldwide Apheresis Red Cell Growth

**** Actual data annualized.***

## 2RBC Conversion Strategy: Group O & B Donors

**962,000** more RBC Products (Early) (8%)
**1,620,000 **more RBC Products (Mature)** **(14%)
- Assumption: 12 Million WB Donations.  70% Mobile.

## Face-to-Face Conversion Success

**Whole Blood to Apheresis Collection through *****face-to-face***** conversion.**
**No telerecruitment used**
**Approximately 50% increase in 2RBC procedures from April to June**
**Approximately 21%  increase in RBCP procedures from April to June**

**Procedures**

## Apheresis Red Cell Leukoreduction

- Europe in-line leukoreduction since 1996.
- Domestic 2RBC in-line leukoreduction in clinical trials.

## Economics

- Recently Haemonetics and an economics consulting firm collected data from 15 blood centers across the United States pertaining to whole blood collections.
- Study conclusion of 15 Blood Centers:
*clear cut advantage in replacing certain whole blood collections.*

## Conclusion

*Apheresis Red Cell Technology*
# Presentation: 038297

## Transformation UpdateCenter for Mental Health ServicesNational Advisory Council Meeting

***A. Kathryn Power, Director***
***Center for Mental Health Services***
***Rockville, MD − August 17, 2005***

**Federal Action Agenda: First Steps**(available online at *www.samhsa.gov*)

- Provides a model for shared responsibility at State and local levels
- Features the five principles around which the New Freedom Commission (NFC) on Mental Health framed its vision, crosswalked with the NFC’s six goals
- Describes the "state of success" for each principle
- Highlights current activities and proposes Year 1 action steps for each principle

## Federal Partners Workgroup

## The Framework for SAMHSA’s Federal Action Agenda for Mental Health

**The Framework for SAMHSA’s Federal ****Action Agenda for Mental Health**

- Consumer/survivor opportunities for a full life in the community
- Models of comprehensive, community-based care
- Maximization of existing resources
- Use of research findings to influence service delivery
- Promotion of innovation, flexibility, and accountability at all levels of government

**Principles focusing on****—**

**4**

## Transformation ↔ Collaboration

**Transformation ****↔**** Collaboration**

**Across the Federal Government****—**
- Federal Partners Workgroup and the Federal Executive Steering Committee
**Across SAMHSA and its three centers—**
- Internal Matrix Workgroup for Transformation
**Across and between all levels of government—**
- State Incentive Grants for Mental Health Transformation
**In partnership with consumers and their families**

## Mental Health Transformation SIGs

**Mental Health ****Transformation SIGs**

- Seed money to help States develop the infrastructure needed to meet the comprehensive needs of consumers and their families
- Nearly $19 million has been allocated for fiscal year 2005
- Grant applications currently are being reviewed
- Grantees must comply with the essential principles of transformation

**6**

## Transforming State Mental Health Systems

**Transforming State Mental Health Systems**

- Partnership between CMHS and the
- 	NGA Center for Best Practices
- Four regional meetings to bring together influential State teams to
*Create a vision for transformation in their States*
*Reach consensus on priorities and strategies for achieving their vision*

- 7

**7**

## Transformation Action Initiative (TAI)

**Transformation Action Initiative (TAI)**

- Organizes our work around transformation, internally and externally
- Centralizes information to make it easier for States and others to navigate among more than 50 technical assistance efforts
- Builds better connections among those involved in transformation

- Film, TV, and radio writers and producers who have created positive, accurate, and dignified portrayals of people with mental illnesses

**SAMHSA’s celebration of****—**

- Mental health advocates whose efforts have expanded public understanding of mental illnesses
- Others whose activities promote mental health awareness

**9**
# Presentation: 071069

## The RDRC and “first in man” studies

- Andrew Taylor, M.D.
- Emory University School of Medicine
- Atlanta, GA

##  “Reducing drug costs and expanding access to prescription drugs for all Americans have been the cornerstones of my domestic policy agenda.”      George W. Bush “At the center of my strategy for addressing the health care crisis is a plan to control spiraling health care costs.”        John F. Kerry

##   The RDRC can play an important role in facilitating translational research and minimizing the growth of health care costs.

## In the 1980s, the FDA allowed RDRCs to approve “first in man” studies.

- Tracer doses – too low to have a toxic or pharmacological effect
- Tracer was chemically similar to a drug or class of drugs shown to be safe in man

## University of Utah RDRC: 1981-1985

- 										1.  	1.  Tc-99m-OH-DADS
- 		2.   Tc-99m asym-CO2DADS
- 		3.   Tc-99m CH2-CO2-DADS
- 		4.   Tc-99m MAG3

## 									It is impossible to perform toxicity     studies for technetium based tracers.																				

- Tc-99m has too short a half life
- Tc-99 cannot be obtained in sufficient quantities for toxicity studies.
- Even if enough Tc-99 could be obtained, animal studies would be prohibited because it is a beta emitter with a 210,000 half life.

## 																																																																																																																																					Toxicity Studies: Ligand vs Complex																																																																																																																																																

- Ligand: MAG3 (mercaptoacetyltriglycine)
- Complex:  Tc-99m MAG3
- Complex and ligand differ in:
- Structure
- Charge
- Biodistribution

## Kit formulation vs HPLC purification

- Kit formulation
- Ligand
- Complex
- Kit components/solvent
- HPLC purification
- Complex
- Solvent

## Comparative toxicity data

-      	Bacterial protein toxins resemble enzymes and have evolved to act catalytically and exhibit specificity of action.  If research tracers were to be toxic, they are most appropriately compared to plant toxins.
- 			Ricin   	    	    7,000 ng/kg
- 			Aflatoxin   		500,000 ng/kg
- 			Strychnine      2,000,000 ng/kg
- 		    Tc-99m MAG3:  10 mCi = 0.1 ng/kg

## Conclusions

- RDRCs should be permitted to allow “first in man” studies with Tc-99m complexes since:
- These complexes can only be administered in tracer doses because of physical constraints.
- Even if the complex is toxic (thallium is a rat poison) there is a safety factor of 1000-100,000 compared to known plant toxins.
- This approach will facilitate translational research and reduce the cost of drug development.

## Conclusions

-       2.  For reasons cited on the previous slide, RDRCs should also be given authority to approve “first in man” studies when:
- The radiopharmaceutical will be given in tracer quantities (<100 ng/kg)
- The radiopharmaceutical has a structure similar to drugs which have been shown to be safe in man
# Presentation: 266187

## Testing the Zambeel Aztera

- Chris Brew
- Fermilab
- CD/CSS/SCS
- Caveat: This is very much a work in progress. The results presented are from jobs run in the last two days and have not been fully checked for validity.

## Aim

- To test the overall performance of the Zambeel Aztera Network Attached Storage System
- To develop suite of tests that can be used for comparisons between different NAS devices

## What is it?

- From a user point of view it’s just a large “black box” network attached NFS server serving out a 2.8TB filesystem
- Behind the scenes it consists of multiple “compute” nodes and “storage” nodes. Compute nodes interface between the storage and the clients making multiple disks across multiple nodes appear as one (or more) filesystems. Load balancers share the load amongst the compute nodes. Very redundant - every component is duplicated, data is mirrored and striped across strorage nodes.

## Tests

- Manageability Tests:
- Ease of setup
- Ease to Reconfigure
- Performance Tests:
- Max Throughput: Read and Write
- Max Throughput Reading a Single File
- Simultaneous Reads and Writes
- Creation, Listing and Deletion of Large Numbers of Small Files
- Data Integrity
- Failure Tests:
- Fail various parts of the system and see what happens

## Tools

- Reader/Writer:
- Fermi Built tools that write and read a file
- IOZone:
- Standard Benchmark tool with many options. Used here for the data integrity tests.
- Bonnie++:
- Another standard benchmark tool. Used for it’s File Creation/Deletion test.

## Why Three Tools?

- All have different Strengths/Weaknesses
- Reader/Writer: Very Simple and Easy to script around
- IOZone Many Many modes
- Bonnie++ Only one with file creation/deletion test

## Performance Tests So Far

- All tests use the new hotdog nodes (Dual 1.6 GHz, 1GB Memory, 100Mb/s Network)
- Completed Tests:
- Max Throughput (n clients with 1 or 2 processes writing/reading 1GB files. Rate for all files completed before the first node to complete 5 files are averaged on each node and summed across the nodes)
- Single File Throughput (same as previous read test but all nodes/processes read the same file)
- Client comparison (Measure the single client read/write speeds for different clients)

## Maximum Throughput

## Tuning Changes Throughput

## Different Clients/Different Performance

## Reading a Single File

## Failure Testing

- Whilst the system was up and clients were reading and writing data, removed and replaced one by one:
- Compute Module
- Storage Module
- Load Balancer
- Performance was obviously degraded but the system stayed up and serving it’s clients

## Conclusions

- For 50 Clients the system gives a total throughput of ~120Mb/s for writes and ~220Mb/s for reads
- Reliability seems to be high. It can survive any single component failure
- With these tools we have the basis of a test suite and procedure for comparing the different storage technologies that are becoming available
# Presentation: 243823

## QUALITY ASSURANCE/QUALITY CONTROLANALYSIS

- SOUTHERN RESEARCH STATION
- FY 2004
- October 1 – September 30, 2004

## CHECK PLOT COUNTS – ALL STATES AND FEDSTOTAL NUMBER OF CHECK PLOTS –1509FY 2004

## CHECK PLOT COUNTS – ALABAMATOTAL NUMBER OF CHECK PLOTS – 118FY 2004

## CHECK PLOT COUNTS – ARKANSASTOTAL NUMBER OF CHECK PLOTS – 75FY 2004

## CHECK PLOT COUNTS – FLORIDATOTAL NUMBER OF CHECK PLOTS – 73FY 2004

## CHECK PLOT COUNTS – GEORGIATOTAL NUMBER OF CHECK PLOTS – 113FY 2004

## CHECK PLOT COUNTS – KENTUCKYTOTAL NUMBER OF CHECK PLOTS – 112FY 2004

## CHECK PLOT COUNTS – LOUISIANATOTAL NUMBER OF CHECK PLOTS – 120FY 2004

## CHECK PLOT COUNTS – NORTH CAROLINATOTAL NUMBER OF CHECK PLOTS – 170FY 2004

## CHECK PLOT COUNTS – SOUTH CAROLINATOTAL NUMBER OF CHECK PLOTS – 86FY 2004

## CHECK PLOT COUNTS – TENNESSEETOTAL NUMBER OF CHECK PLOTS – 217FY 2004

## CHECK PLOT COUNTS –EAST TEXASTOTAL NUMBER OF CHECK PLOTS – 93FY 2004

## CHECK PLOT COUNTS –WEST TEXASTOTAL NUMBER OF CHECK PLOTS – 115FY 2004

## CHECK PLOT COUNTS – VIRGINIATOTAL NUMBER OF CHECK PLOTS – 83FY 2004

## CHECK PLOT COUNTS – FOREST SERVICETOTAL NUMBER OF CHECK PLOTS – 135FY-2004

## TOTAL CHECK PLOT COUNTOctober 1, 2003-September 30, 2004

- AFFECTED BY:
- NUMBER OF QA/FIELD SUPPORT PERSONNEL IN EACH STATE
- NUMBER OF TRAINING SESSIONS/DETAILS/LEAVE
- NUMBER OF START-UP/2.0 MANUAL/P3 SESSIONS
- TOTAL NUMBER OF EXPERIENCED/TRAINED QA/FIELD SUPPORT PERSONNEL AVAILABLE
- AMOUNT OF TIME TO DO DIFFERENT TYPES OF CHECKPLOTS
- TIME SPENT ON FIRE/FIRE TRAINING
- TIME WORKED IN TEXAS
- HURRICANES!!!
- P3 DATA COLLECTION

## CHECK PLOT TYPE – ALL STATES AND FEDSTOTAL NUMBER OF CHECK PLOTS – 1509FY 2004

## CHECK PLOT TYPE – ALABAMATOTAL NUMBER OF CHECK PLOTS – 118FY 2004

## CHECK PLOT TYPE – ARKANSASTOTAL NUMBER OF CHECK PLOTS – 75FY 2004

## CHECK PLOT TYPE – FLORIDATOTAL NUMBER OF CHECK PLOTS – 73FY 2004

## CHECK PLOT TYPE – GEORGIATOTAL NUMBER OF CHECK PLOTS – 113FY 2004

## CHECK PLOT TYPE – KENTUCKYTOTAL NUMBER OF CHECK PLOTS – 112FY 2004

## CHECK PLOT TYPE – LOUISIANATOTAL NUMBER OF CHECK PLOTS – 120FY 2004

## CHECK PLOT TYPE – NORTH CAROLINATOTAL NUMBER OF CHECK PLOTS – 170FY 2004

## CHECK PLOT TYPE – SOUTH CAROLINATOTAL NUMBER OF CHECK PLOTS – 86  FY 2004

## CHECK PLOT TYPE – TENNESSEETOTAL NUMBER OF CHECK PLOTS – 217FY 2004

## CHECK PLOT TYPE – EAST TEXASTOTAL NUMBER OF CHECK PLOTS – 93FY 2004

## CHECK PLOT TYPE – WEST TEXASTOTAL NUMBER OF CHECK PLOTS – 115FY 2004

## CHECK PLOT TYPE – VIRGINIATOTAL NUMBER OF CHECK PLOTS – 83FY 2004

## CHECK PLOT TYPE – FOREST SERVICETOTAL NUMBER OF CHECK PLOTS – 135FY 2004

## CHECK PLOT TYPE 

- AFFECTED BY:
- NUMBER OF QA/FIELD SUPPORT PERSONNEL IN EACH STATE
- DATA CREDIBILITY – ALL PLOTS ARE AVAILABLE FOR CHECKING
- TRAINING NEEDS OF INDIVIDUAL STATES
- TOTAL NUMBER OF EXPERIENCED/TRAINED QA/FIELD SUPPORT PERSONNEL AVAILABLE

## AVERAGE CHECK PLOT SCORES BETWEEN STATESFY 2004
# Presentation: 364365

## U.S. Department of Energy

- 2002 National Workshop
- Des Moines, Iowa
- July 2002

## Maryland Department of Housing and Community Development

- Codes Administration
- Jim Hanna

##                                                 Indoor Air Quality:                                                                    Are We Making It Worse?                                   or                                                                 Look What the Cat Dragged In!

## Pollutant Sources

- Gases
- Particles

## Pollutants we bring into the home

- Volatile organic compounds
- Toxic gases
- Biological contaminants
- Respirable particles
- Pesticides

## Volatile Organic Compounds

- combustion by-products -benzene, benzo(a)pyrene
- paint, wax, cleaners, disinfectants, cosmetics, hobby projects, dry cleaning, moth repellents, fuels, automobile products

## Toxic Gases

- radon, CO, NO2, mercury
- these are not organic chemicals, but are toxic
- examples of sources
-  unvented heaters, automobile in garage, thermometers

## Biological Contaminants

- microbiological -                           salmonella, campylobactor, vibrio
- micro organisms -                                                                                                     house plants, toxins
- molds, viruses, animal dander, cat saliva, house dust mites, cockroaches, pollen

## Respirable Particles

- lead based paint
- asbestos
- tobacco smoke
- sanding - home maintenance and hobbies

## Pesticides

- Insecticides, rodenticides, fungicides,
- Common ones -                                      sprays, liquids, sticks, crystals, powders, foggers

## Health Effects

- diseases caused by pollutants
- effects of high humidity and temperature
- biological triggers

## Building Design Remedies

- proper air distribution
- proper system design
- exhaust fans
- sealed combustion appliances

## Life Style Remedies

- reduce water vapors
- keep humidity at 30% to 50 %
- reduce exposure to products
- clean regularly
- limit quantities brought into home

## Other Changes in Lifestyle

- eat right
- wash plants
- care for plants correctly
- reduce shower and cooking times
- get rid of *stuff *as soon as possible

## Future

- need more research
- change lifestyle until then
- read directions of products carefully
- ventilate, ventilate, ventilate
- lower humidity

## CODE LYNX web site

*www.dhcd.state.md.us*
- click on *Maryland Building Codes*
- click on *Code Lynx*
- or
*Google.com*
- type in *code lynx*, and click on ***Code Lynx***

## Thanks for listening!

- A special thanks to Kristine Crawford for technical assistance
- Jim Hanna      *hanna@dhcd.state.md.us*
- (410) 514 7212
# Presentation: 699377

## Selvapandiyan
LBPUA, OBRR, CBER, FDA,
Bethesda,  MD
July 13 2006

- <date/time>

- Selvapandiyan
- LBPUA, OBRR, CBER, FDA,
- Bethesda,  MD
- July 13 2006

- Multiplex fluorescence-based
- PCR assay to detect pathogens in blood

## Background:

- Transfusion blood safety has improved with pathogen testing
- Increasing number of known potential infectious agents and emerging
-          threats, including   bioterrorism increases the burden of testing
- Urgent need for methods to streamline and consolidate testing

- Aim:
- Design a method that can detect rapidly for
- 	many pathogens simultaneously using
- 	Multiplex Fluorescence-based PCR
- Performing in a convenient portable
- 	instrument SmartCycler

##        Pathogens		                    Assay conducted with

*       *
*	**  **Bacillus anthracis*		pa gene	*B. anthracis* (vaccine strain)
- 	  *Yersinia sp.**	**	**	*16S rRNA*	**Y. pseudotuberculosis*
*	**  **Leishmania sp. **	*	18S rRNA	*L. donovani*
*Trypanosoma sp.**	*
- Internal control:
- Human			18S rRNA

## ☉

**☹**

**☹**

**☹**

**☹**

**☹**

**☹**

**SYBR Green**

- Primer

**1) Denaturation**

**2) Hybridization**

- Polymerase

**3) Extension**

**Readout**

## Fluorescence-based Multiplex PCR Assay for Simultaneous 

- Detection of Bacterial and Parasitic Pathogens

- Selvapandiyan et al., 2005 J. Mol. Diag. 7:268-275

- This study outlines the development of a multiplex PCR for the simultaneous
- detection of the bacterial and parasitic pathogens.

## Multiplex fluorescence PCR on the DNA isolated from 

- the blood spiked with the serially diluted *B. anthracis* cells (200 l blood)

*B. anthracis*
- cells

- Selvapandiyan et al., 2005 J. Mol. Diag. 7:268-275

- The Tm peak height seems as a novel measure to quantitate pathogns in blood
- For this pathogen we could detect as
- low as 10 cells /200l blood.

## Cells/200 l

- Fluorescence

- Quantitation graph showing the relationship between the height
- of fluorescence peak and number of pathogen cells in blood

- Selvapandiyan et al., 2005 J. Mol. Diag. 7:268-275

- For all the pathogens we could detect as low as 50 cells/ ml of blood

## Multiplex PCR with in vivo infected blood samples

- Human
- leishmaniasis

## Summary

- This study outlines the development and evaluation of a single-tube multiplex real-time PCR for the simultaneous detection of the bacterial and parasitic pathogens.
- For all the three pathogens we could detect as low as 50 cells /ml blood.
*Leishmania* primers recognized DNA sequences  from other *Leishmania* sp as well.  Similarly *Yersinia* primers could identify sequences from *Y. enterocolitica*.
- Assay accurately detected pathogens in the blood samples from leishmaniasis patients as well as mice infected with *B. anthracis*.
- This assay takes less than one and half hours and hence could be useful for rapid identification purposes.

- Selvapandiyan et al., 2005 J. Mol. Diag. 7:268-275
# Presentation: 042706

## Key Components of Models

**Point Sources**
**Areal Contributions**
**Ground water**
**Surface runoff**
**Atmospheric deposition**
**Transport Processes**
**Loss Processes**

## Nitrogen-loss Rate in Relation to Stream Channel Depth

## Approaches to SettingLoss Coefficients

**Textbook values / default values**
**Field-based determinations**
**Statistical estimation from monitoring data**

## SPARROW

_**SPA**_**tially **_**R**_**eferenced **_**R**_**egressions **_**O**_**n **_**W**_**atershed Attributes**

## Slide 5

## Area of Hypoxic Zone, 1985-2000

**Area of Hypoxic Zone, 1985-2000**

**Source: N.N. Rabalais, Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium, Chauvin, La.**

## Nitrogen Fertilizer Use in the Mississippi Basin

## Annual Nitrate Flux to Gulf of Mexico and Mean Annual Streamflow

## Nitrogen in Commercial Fertilizer

**Nitrogen in Commercial Fertilizer**

## River Monitoring Stations & Major Watersheds: Mississippi River Basin

**Notes:**
Parameters of the model are taken from the data points

## Percentage of the Nitrogen Exported from Interior Watersheds that is Delivered to the Gulf

## Yield of Total Nitrogen Delivered to the Gulf from Incremental Drainage areas of the Mississippi River Basin

## Middle Snake River,Southern Idaho, Flow by Source

**Middle Snake River,Southern Idaho, Flow by Source**

**66%**

**1%**

**12%**

**20%**

- Tributary Inflow

- Tributary Inflow

- Ground Water Discharge

- Irrigation Returns

- Aquaculture Effluent

- Upstream Inflow

- Sewage Treatment Effluent

**Notes:**
% of Discharge (6.2 million acre-feet) – by inputs

## Sources of Discharge, Nitrogen, & Phosphorus: Middle Snake River, 1995

**Sources of Discharge, Nitrogen, & ****Phosphorus: Middle Snake River, 1995**

## Data Issues

**Water quality data are expensive**
**Need to share existing data among agencies, groups (ACWI, NWQMC)**
**To be useful we need metadata on: place, time, method of collection and method of analysis**
**Need computer/web accessibility **

## Nationwide Data Availability

**NWIS**
**STORET**

## NWIS-Web

**http://water.usgs.gov/nwis**

**1.5 million sites (80% are wells)**
**350,000 water quality sites**
**19,000 streamflow sites **
**5,000 real time sites **
**4.3 million water quality samples**
**64 million chemical analyses**

## STORET-USEPA

**Legacy STORET: Data through 1998, data of undocumented quality**
**New STORET: includes metadata descriptors, now includes data from 10 States, some States adding in last 10 yrs of data not in legacy data base**
**Both data sets available at **
**	****http://www.epa.gov/storet/index.html**

## Slide 19

## Focus on the Science for Solutions
# Presentation: 543068

## The Healthy Americans Act:A Case for Reform

## Slide 2

## Slide 3

## Slide 4

## Uninsured Utahns in 2006

*Source:* *Utah Department of Health*.

## Demographic Segments of Uninsured in Utah, 2006

*Source:* *Utah Department of Health.*

## Healthy Americans Act

- Portability
- Individual Access
- Healthy Behavior
- Tax Reform
- Market Forces

## Portability

- Coverage follows the individual
- Cannot be denied coverage based on age, gender, industry or health status
- Not only is insurance affordable, but individuals always have access to coverage

## Individual Access

- Guaranteed private coverage for all Americans
- Individual ownership of health care coverage
- Ensures choice similar to members of Congress

## Healthy Behavior

- Promotes personal responsibility and prevention
- Discounted premiums for participation in wellness and chronic disease management programs
- Rewards providers for helping their patients stay healthy

## Tax Reform

- Severs the link between employer and health insurance
- Strengthens incentives for families to seek lower cost coverage by establishing a new “health premium” tax deduction

## Atmosphere for Reform

- States
- Labor
- Business
- Congress

## Health Care Reform in the States

- State with Reform
- Massachusetts
- States with Initiatives
- California
- Connecticut
- Minnesota
- New York
- Pennsylvania
- Washington

- States with Commissions
- Colorado
- Illinois
- Louisiana
- Maine
- New Mexico
- New Jersey
- North Carolina
- Utah
- Vermont
- Virginia
- Wisconsin

## Labor

-    “It is time for fundamental, not incremental change, and [Healthy Americans Act is] a plan that is practical and principled, and sets down a moral test...On behalf of the 1.9 million members of SEIU and their families, and as the largest union of health care workers, we believe [Healthy Americans Act makes] a critical contribution to the debate that Congress must attend to next year.”
*Andy Stern, President, SEIU*

## Business

- 	“[The Healthy Americans Act is] an innovative proposal that lays a foundation to begin a serious discussion on health care reform in this country. Our nation is facing a crisis that requires immediate attention. Working together, business, labor, government, consumer groups and health care providers can collectively solve this problem."
- Steve Burd, CEO, Safeway

## Congress

- Start where we can agree
- Direction we need to be going
- Strong bi-partisan support
- Public desire for health care reform, but also for Congress to do *something*

## The Healthy Americans Act:A Case for Reform

- www.bennett.senate.gov/healthyamericans
# Presentation: 326910

## GSA Industry Government CouncilDiscussion

**“****GSA’s Ability ****to**** Sustain DoD Business**
**as**** Represented ****by the**** CEOss Business Model”**

- February 22, 2006

## IGC Discussion Topics

**IGC Discussion Topics**

-  **Are GSA Schedules conducive to doing DoD business in the **_**current**_** environment?**
-  Are BPAs effective tools for DoD business
-  Services’ Strategic Sourcing Initiatives
-  Agency specific Contracts (e.g., SEAPORT-E)
-  DFARS Supplemental Guidance
-  Is the .075 IFF a Barrier to doing DoD business
-  Does the inability to do cost-type task orders impede business

**[10-min. Discussion Topic]**

**[2-min. Recommendations]**

## IGC Discussion Topics

**IGC Discussion Topics**

-  **Does GSA have a negative image, e.g., public relations issue, to overcome within DoD?  **
-  Too easy to misuse appropriations
-  Inadequate oversight and management of appropriations and contracts
-  Fee structures represent barriers
-  Sham competitions, or other measures for sole sourcing

**[10-min. Discussion Topic]**

**[2-min. Recommendations]**

## IGC Discussion Topics

**IGC Discussion Topics**

-  **Does GSA policy and procedures adequately support execution of Contractor business models?  Both DoD and non-DoD business?**
-  Is FAR 8 adequate for execution, or too restrictive
-  Do DFARS rules and procedures impede the use of Schedules in DoD - what is the future
-  Is there consistency in the terms and conditions between the Schedules - does this confuse customers
-  Are there too many schedules - ambiguous scopes of work, etc.

**[10-min. Discussion Topic]**

**[2-min. Recommendations]**

## IGC Discussion Topics

**IGC Discussion Topics**

-  **What can GSA do to improve their service levels, capabilities offerings, and customer focus?  **
-  Ability to manage and maintain company Schedules in a timely manner - modifications, rates
-  Is GSA “fast enough” for the pace of business within DoD - “speed of need?”
-  Is there significant variance between the Schedule programs - e.g., management, responsiveness, etc.

**[10-min. Discussion Topic]**

**[2-min. Recommendations]**

## IGC Discussion Topics

**IGC Discussion Topics**

-  **What are the key issues affecting the use of GSA Schedules within DoD over the next 12-months?**
-  Lack of identity among GSA organizational units
-  Lack of formal policy and interpretation of fundamental contracting issues (e.g., DCAA, DFARS impacts; G&A, ODC’s, subcontracting)
-  Inconsistency in the interpretation and lack of publicly expressed positions by GSA

**[10-min. Discussion Topic]**

**[2-min. Recommendations]**

## IGC Discussion Topics

**IGC Discussion Topics**

-  **Is CEOss a representative example of where GSA should go? What works, what doesn’t?**
-  Does GSA’s business model connect with the DoD rank and file contracting community
-  Does fast preclude economic and effective
-  Do agencies understand “how” to structure BPAs to meet organizational requirements
-  Emerging trends within DoD
-  What will keep industry participation levels high

**[10-min. Discussion Topic]**

**[2-min. Recommendations]**
# Presentation: 028001

## Cheyenne Mountain High SchoolColorado Springs, Colorado

- Al Pocock, MA

- My Kid has ADD
-  and a couple of F’s.

## Cheyenne Mountain – District 12

- High School -1400 Students
- Colorado Springs, Colorado
- LEAD:  Four Year Opt-In Program
- Combined Academic / Counseling Orientation
- Staff Characteristics
- Assessments
- Broad-scale Parental Involvement

## LEAD: Program Philosophy 

- Our Mission:  We as high school students have adopted a mission to educate ourselves and others with respect to dealing with the social, emotional and academic aspects of learning disabilities.

## Executing The Mission

- Scientifically Based Instruction
- Self-Advocacy
- Support Group Interaction
- Student Mentoring
- Community Education

## Scientifically Based Instruction: Matching Curriculum With School Culture

- Exploring Neurology and Brain Function
- References, Resources and Technology
- Focused Role Playing
- Understanding The Art Of Negotiation

## Self-Advocacy: Increasing the Student’s Self-Awareness

- Determine: Personal Strengths and Challenges
- Define: Personal Learning Style
- Identify: Personal Interests and Passions
- Recognize: Rights according to Section 504 (A.D.A.) and I.D.E.A.
- “Never underestimate the importance of involving children in the process of reviewing their own education and offering suggestions and insights. This sense of involvement and ownership is what we must strive to nurture in our children.”
-  Robert Brooks, Ph.D., Sam Goldstein, Ph.D., _Raising Resilient Children_

## Student Support Group: Becoming Part of the Program

- Create A Trusting Environment
- Encourage Courageous Interaction
- Develop Understanding Through Dialogue
- Practice Articulating the Message

## Student Mentoring:Passing The Knowledge Along  

- Self-Awareness Begins At An Early Age
- Elementary and Middle School Programs

## Community Education: Learning Through Teaching

- Peer, Parent and Educator Presentations
- State and National Disability Conferences
- Establishment of LEAD Foundation
- Advocating To The Business Community

## Implementation Issues

- Scheduling Conflicts
- Disabilities Stigma
- Administration / Regular (Content) Support

## The Question Of The Day:

- Q: How many ADHD children does it take to change a light bulb?
- A: Let’s go ride bikes.
# Presentation: 383908

## The Canadian Coast GuardDGPS System

- The Canadian Coast GuardDGPS System

- Presented by:	Sam Ryan
- 	Canadian Coast Guard, HQ

## CCG DGPS Status

- Full Operation Status (FOS) was declared for 19 DGPS Reference Stations in May 2000. FOS was declared after validating the:
- accuracy, integrity, availability, reliability, and coverage
- One additional DGPS Reference Station was installed to  provide double coverage for the Port of Halifax, NS.
- The coverage is currently being validated.
- The DGPS monitoring capability is currently being  upgraded.

## CCG DGPS Coverage

-  _Legend_
- _  _
- Canadian Coverage
- US Coverage

**Rigolet**

**Cape Norman**

**Cape Race**

**Cape Ray**

**Fox Island**

**Hartlen Point**

**Partridge Island**

**Western Head**

**Cardinal **

**Wiarton**

**St. Jean sur Richelieu **

**Riviere du Loup**

**Lauzon **

**Moisie**

***All possible efforts have been made to verify the data using actual measurements.  However, coverage may be affected by time of the day, season or land layout.  Therefore the coverage shown is approximate and the Canadian Coast Guard cannot be responsible for any inaccuracies.******.***

**Sandspit **

**Richmond **

**Alert Bay**

**Amphitrite Point**

**Point Escuminac**

**Trois Rivieres**

## CCG DGPS Stations

## CCG DGPS Future Activities

- Investigate OTF algorithms and systems for the St. Lawrence Seaway. While OTF is not currently planned to be a CCG service, it is being used for CCG operations.
- Correlating ionospheric warnings with degradation in DGPS positioning accuracy.
- Analyze shipboard DGPS problems:
- RF interference
- multipath
- Continuous Improvement
- Further improve the monitoring of the DGPS Reference Stations
- Upgrade the Reference Station and Integrity Monitor Firmware
# Presentation: 297932

## Optimizing Parcel Preparation & Entry for Seamless Acceptance

**MTAC Work Group # 109**
**Industry Leaders:  Chris Finley & Wendy Smith**
**USPS Leader:  Jim Cochrane**

## Optimizing Parcel Preparation & Entry for Seamless Acceptance

- This workgroup is charged with identifying:
**Approaches to optimize parcel preparation and entry ****and understand total combined costs to both the industry and the Postal Service in order to minimize end-to-end costs**** and fully leverage available workshare discounts as the processing and distribution network is rationalized.**

## Optimizing Parcel Preparation & Entry for Seamless Acceptance

_**February Face to Face Meeting **_
**Industry presented one cost analysis scenario on the areas of impact associated with an expansion to RDCs.**
**There is greater sensitivity to cost than service (as long as service isn’t degradated).**
**Time in transit affected by need to create density.**
**Sensitivity to palletizing and added stops.**
**Reviewed commingling and co-mailing opportunities.**

## Optimizing Parcel Preparation & Entry for Seamless Acceptance

_**February Face to Face Meeting **_
**Postal Service to research feasibility of parcel preparation and induction methods that are not tied specifically to the RDC locations and could reduce overall costs: **
**Continued acceptance of bed loads**
**Drop & Picks for <3/4 full trucks**
**Supplying / returning gaylords to mailers for re-use**
**Subgroup formed to examine palletization and induction rules.**
**De-averaging Zones 1 & 2 prices**

## Optimizing Parcel Preparation & Entry for Seamless Acceptance

_**February Face to Face Meeting **_
**eVS**
**Implementation Issues for August 1 Implementation**
**Leadership**
**Resources**
**Application and testing process**
**Testing criteria**
**Shared Accountability**
**Test smaller barcodes for Standard Parcels to expand opportunity for mailers to commingle Standard and Parcel Select packages.**
**eVS is also being covered by MTAC WG 107 as it relates to integration with FAST.**

## Optimizing Parcel Preparation & Entry for Seamless Acceptance

_**Next Steps:**_
**The network realignment framework continues to be defined;  WG completion is set for January ’08.**
**Parcel preparation suggestions will be reviewed by USPS & communicated back to the Industry.**
**Chart which package categories can be inducted at which facilities and with what minimums.**
**Subgroup to review palletization and induction rules to kick off.**
**Plan on monthly conference calls to monitor progress of all Work Group activities.**
# Presentation: 689673

## NOAA Safety and Environmental Compliance Office

**NOAA Safety and Environmental Compliance Office**

- Greg Falzetta
- 301-713-2870

- Mark George
- 303-497-3064

- Minh Trinh
- 206-526-6647

- Chief, Environmental Compliance Division
*Vacant *
- 301-713-2870

- Chief, Safety & Occ. Health Division
-  Tom Altvater
- 301-713-2870

- Director
- CAPT James Verlaque
- 301-713-2870

- Ben Bond
- 301-713-2870

- Joe Duran
- 206-526-6049

- Rhonda Carpenter
- 303-497-3912

- Ron Mattox
- 816-426-7810

- Craig Gillis
- 301-713-2870

- Tom Simon  **(C)**
- 206-526-6295

- Budget
- Jon Randle
- 301-713-2870

- Secretary
- Gail Gebert
- 301-713-2870

- Management Analyst
-  Janet Williams
- 301-713-2870

- Sr. Tech. Advisor, Env. Compliance Division
- Bernie Denno
- 301-713-2870

- Sr. Tech. Advisor, Safety & Occ. Health Division
- Bruce Zaczynski
- 301-713-2870

**Field**** **

**Headquarters**

**     ****January 12, 2009**** **

- Jim Malchow
- 206-526-4912

- Will Freeman
- 301-713-2870

- (Energy Program)
# Presentation: 669540

## hierarchical linear model
randomization test

- randomization test

- Linking Redd Counts to Habitat Data

## Hierarchical Linear Model: Step 1

***Y******i,79****** = ************79****** + ************1,79****** ******•****** X******i,79***
***Y******i,80****** = ************80****** + ************1,80****** ******•****** X******i,80***
***Y******i,81****** = ************81****** + ************1,81****** ******•****** X******i,81***
***	******•***
***	******•***
***	******•******.***
***Y******i,99****** = ************99****** + ************1,99****** ******•****** X******i,99***

## Hierarchical Linear Model: Step 2

**Ø**

******

## Slide 4

## Slide 5

## Creating a Predictive Model

- find “best” multiple linear regression model
- summarize models for all years with average regression coefficients
- apply regression equation to each small watershed (6th field HUC)

## ln(r + 0.5) = 6.89 - 0.3625t + 0.4216ln(w + 0.0001) + 0.0003546p 

**where **
***r***** = redd density (redds/km); **
***t***** = maximum annual temperature in 1989; **
***w***** = naturally non-forested riparian wetland vegetation; **
**and *****p *****= cumulative precipitation in 1989**

## Selection

- adj. R2 (sum, max, min)
- significance of betas
- minimize correlation

- Model Averaging
- Prediction CI

## -10

**-10**

**0**

**10**

**20**

**30**

**40**

**50**

**1982**

**1984**

**1986**

**1988**

**1990**

**1992**

**1994**

**1996**

**1998**

**2000**

**Year**

**Snohomish multiple adjusted R****2**

**Watershed-scale**

**Reach-scale**

## Salmon River: Ecological Results

- naturally non-forested riparian
- maximum temperature in 1989
-      cattle, rangeland, granitics, hillslope, diversions, precipitation, nnf riparian,
- rangeland, precipitation, hillslope <1.5%, diversions, granitics
- watershed AOI – adjusted R2 up to 0.70
- 1960-1977
- model fit varies by year

## S.W.A.M.Salmon, Snohomish, and Willamette River basins

**S.W.A.M.****Salmon,**** ****Snohomish, and Willamette River basins**

- the relative abundance of salmonids is spatially and temporally consistent
**geology and land use effect fish abundance**
- correlation between landscape characteristics and land use
- the fit of predictive models is temporally inconsistent

## PROS
Continuous response variable
Explicitly model correlation structure
Use different sites in different years
Variable spatial scales
Minimize model selection uncertainty 
Map predictive certainty

CONS
Static predictors 
Non-random index sites

- Continuous response variable
- Explicitly model correlation structure
- Use different sites in different years
- Variable spatial scales
- Minimize model selection uncertainty
- Map predictive certainty
**CONS**
- Static predictors
- Non-random index sites

**Methodology Pros and Cons**
# Presentation: 501764

## Improving Rural Trauma Care, Education and Prevention through Telemedicine 

- Michael A. Ricci, MD
- Roger H. Allbee Professor of Surgery
- Clinical Director of Telemedicine

## Vermont Telemedicine

- Vermont-New Hampshire Interactive Television
- 1960’s
- Microwave transmission
- Medical education
- Limited clinical use
- Expensive, technology intensive
- Based upon Federal funding

## A comprehensive information system is planned for  our region in Vermont and upstate New York.
Video telemedicine is planned  to be a major component of this system.

- A comprehensive information system is planned for  our region in Vermont and upstate New York.
- Video telemedicine is planned  to be a major component of this system.

- Vermont Telemedicine

## Vermont Telemedicine

**FAHC**

## Applying Technology to a Problem - Rural Trauma

- Risk of death twice that of urban patients with similar injuries
- Why?
- Discovery times
- Transport times
- Low volume
- Inexperienced providers

## Could telemedicine be used for trauma care in Vermont’s “hostile” rural environment?

## Tele-trauma Solution?

- Use telemedicine to bring the experienced eyes and ears of the trauma surgeon into the community hospital to assist                     with early care of  the injured                        patient.                                        .

## Telemedicine System

- Desktop PC system
- ISDN, 384 kbps
- 17” monitor
- Pan-tilt-zoom camera
- Zydacron Z350 video-conferencing board
- Zydacron Z206 multiple BRI board

## Implementation

- 4 hospitals
- 3 surgeons’ homes
- Multiple sites on campus

## Trauma Procedures

- Significant trauma (per pre-existing protocol)
- Single phone call from community hospital (800#)
- Three surgeons available 7X24
- Surgeon places video call to community hospital ER

## Rural ER Setup

## Results

- April 2000 – June 2001
- 28 consults
- 14 – 81 years old
- 96% blunt trauma
- 46% MVA
- 75% transferred to FAHC

## Telemedicine vs. General Trauma Population

## Provider Surveys

- Teleconsult improved quality of care
- Referring Providers – 83%
- Consulting Providers - 63%
- Communication was good or very good
- Referring Providers – 100%
- Consulting Providers - 83%

## Potential Life-Saving Consults

- 41 year old MVA with severe CHI
- Unable to intubate X 1 hour
- Tele-consult surgeon helped ER physician perform emergency cricothyroidotomy

## Potential Life-Saving Consults

- 24 year old MVA victim
- CHI, hypotensive
- Tele-consult advised different course of action than on-site surgeon (DPL)
- Emergency laportomy for control of hemorrhage

## Next Steps

- Expansion (more hospitals, more surgeons)
- Improve on equipment
- Polycomm Viewstation
- Stand-alone system
- 27” SONY monitor

## Next Steps

- Fill the void between hospitals

## Questions?

- _[Michael.ricci@uvm.edu](mailto:Michael.ricci@uvm.edu)_
- www.vtmednet.org/telemedicine
# Presentation: 322290

## Regional Group B - Midwest & Southeast

**IL**

**AR**

**Regional Group B - Midwest & Southeast**

**AL,  AR,  DC,  FL,  GA,  IL,  IN,  KY,  LA,  MD,  MN,  MO,  MS,  NC,  OH,  SC,  TN,  VA,  WI,  WV**

**11/14/08**

**A**

**C**

**TN**

**B**

** ****Europe & UK – As Assigned**

**MO -  Mike Fato**

**KY, TN -  Kim Coats**

**GA -  ****Julia Torres**

**MN -  Tina Carlisle**

**AL, AR, DC -  Sahar Rais-Danai**

**WI –  Dhana Khurana**

**VA**

**MD**

**LA**

**IN**

**MO**

**MN**

**OH**

**WI**

**MS**

**AL**

**NC**

**KY**

**GA**

**FL**

**SC**

**WV**

**DC**

**IL - Mildred Qualls: P’s, U’s & SBIR/STTR’s**
**     ****Jacki Johnson:  I1**
**     ****Mildred Qualls: All Other**

**FL, LA, MS, SC, WV - Jacki Johnson**
**     ****Except:**
**     ****P’s, U’s & SBIR/STTR’s:**
**	****FL - Mildred Qualls**
**	****LA - Christy Leake**
**	****MS - Christy Leake**
**	****SC - Leslie Boggs**
**	****WV - Julie Waugh**

**OH - Kim Chatman:   P’s, U’s & SBIR/STTR’s**
**     ****Jacki Johnson: I1, I2, I3**
**     ****Kim Chatman:   All Other**

**IN – Christy Leake Except:**
**   ****- Julie Waugh**** - **
**     ****A28, I4A, M34, M38, M48,**
**     ****M51, M52, M74, M93, X79**

**MD – Julia Torres****   -  ****A14, A17, A18, A20, I3,  M48**
**   – ****Mildred Qualls -  ****A21, A22, A23, A29, M30, M34,**
**                       ****M45, M52, M53, M55, M59, M63,**
**                       ****M93, X79**
**   – ****K****im Coats      -  A24, ****A25, M43, M44, M46, M47**
**   –**** ****Christy Leake  -  A26, A27, I2,  M35, M38, M65,**
**                       ****M66, M74, M90**
**   – ****Dhana Khurana  -  ****A28, A29, I1,  M31, M32, M40,**
**                       ****M58, M92**
**   – ****Julie Waugh    -  All Others**

**NC - Leslie Boggs:   P’s, U’s & SBIR/STTR’s**
**     ****Jacki Johnson:  M38, M43, M46, M59,**
**                     ****M64**
**     ****Leslie Boggs:   All Other**

**VA – Christy Leake Except:**
**   ****- Julie Waugh**** - ****A25, A26, A27, I1A, I1B, I2C, I2E, I2F,**
**                   ****I2K, I2M, I5A, M35, M36, M38, M43, M44,**
**                   ****M53, M54, M58, M59, M64, M66, M91, M93**

**FL**
# Presentation: 744826

## Community meeting

**3-1**

**Training of Trainers  **

**LUNCH**

- CAT presentations

- CRAT presentations
- Phase Four overview

## Purpose: Create a plan for implementing and evaluating tested, effective programs, policies and practices.

**3-2**

**Training of Trainers  **

- Purpose: Create a plan for implementing and evaluating tested, effective programs, policies and practices.
-   Measurable outcomes
-   Selection of programs, policies and practices     to fill gaps
-   Implementation and evaluation plans
- Support: Community Planning Training; 	      Technical Assistance as needed

## 3-3

**3-3**

**Training of Trainers  **

## 3-4

**3-4**

**Training of Trainers  **

## Any questions?

**3-5**

**Training of Trainers  **

- What’s next?
- Practice presentation assignments
- Evaluations