# Presentation: 550960

## Integrated Modeling for Burning Plasmas

- Workshop (W60) on “Burning Plasma Physics and Simulation
- 4-5 July 2005, University Campus, Tarragona, Spain
- Under the Auspices of the IEA Large Tokamak Implementing Agreement

- Introduction to the Session
- S. C. Jardin
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory

## Integrated Modeling for Burning Plasmas

- 	Review progress towards a comprehensive theory/model for burning plasmas in ITER/DEMO
- -including-
- -particle distributions in velocity and space and -heating
- Burning plasmas in optimized shear/hybrid scenarios, dynamic evolution and positional stability of ITBs, current profile alignment including bootstrap current evolution
- Transient and bifurcative phenomena in burning plasmas (dynamics of L-H transitions and edge-core coupling, ITB formation and evolution, thermal stability in optimized shear/hybrid scenarios, including the approach to burning conditions with additional heating)
- Impurity and helium ash accumulation (including impurity penetration through SOL, ETB and ITB)
- More speculative issues, such as -channelling

- - Session topics -

## Progress towards a comprehensive theory/model for burning plasmas in ITER/DEMO

- Whole Device Modeling Codes
- Extended MHD and Energetic Particles
- Turbulence Simulations
- Edge-Plasma Integrated Modeling
- RF, NBI, -particle, Impurities, and Fueling Sources

## What do we mean by a comprehensive theory/model for burning plasmas in ITER/DEMO?

- 11⁄2D Whole Device Modeling Code

- Transport Module

- MHD Module

- -particle Module

- Edge Module

- RF Modules

- Equilibrium Module

- 5D Gyrokinetics Code

- 3D Extended MHD Code

- Full Wave RF Code

- ...

- 5D Gyrokinetics Code

- 3D Extended MHD Code

- Full Wave RF Code

- 3D Extended MHD Code

- +

- +

## Whole Device Modeling Codes

- Integrated Modeling:
- Detailed TSC/TRANSP transport and H&CD modeling and comparison with existing experimental details    Kessel
-  Integrated TSC/TRANSP used to predict rotation, q-control, TAE activity, transport levels, NI-NBI sensitivity to aiming angle, ash accumulation, sensitivity to pedestal temperature: postprocess TAE prediction, Turbulence modeling with GYRO    Budny

-   New initiatives now planned or underway
-  Japan:  BPSI:  ( TASK, TOPICS )
-  EU: JET initiative (ASTRA, CRONOS, JETTO),          Integrated Modeling Task Force
-  US:  NTCC (modules library), PTRANSP (TSC/TRANSP + ...), FSP (not yet begun) – (also BALDUR, ONETWO, CORSICA)
-   Need for more sophisticated modules in most areas
-   Turbulent Transport
-   Extended MHD and energetic particle effects
-   Scrape-off-layer, ELMs, and pedestal

## Extended MHD and energetic Particles

- Integrated Modeling:
-  MHD-based ELM model (MARG2D) coupled into TOPICs system  Ozeki

- Need to further develop 3D Nonlinear Extended MHD codes and validate on existing experiments.
-  Sawtooth:  Full 3D nonlinear sawtooth simulation now possible for small tokamaks, not yet for ITER.  Good semi-analytical models available (Porcelli model)
-  ELMs:  Some progress (BOUT-Snyder, JOREK-Huysmans, NIMROD-Brennan, M3D-Strauss) Not yet a full 3D ELM simulation for even small tokamaks.  Good semi-analytical models being developed.
-  NTMs: Not yet a full 3D NTM simulation.  Modified Rutherford equation (semi-analytical) models widely used.
-  Resistive Wall Modes: Not yet a full 3D nonlinear model.
-  Locked Mode Threshold: Not yet a fundamental model
-  TAE:  3D Hybrid particle/fluid simulation model possible for short times and weakly nonlinear behavior...full nonlinear integration with thermal particles not yet possible.
-  Disruption Modeling: Axisymmetric modeling in fairly good shape, 3D modeling just beginning

## Turbulence Simulations 

- Integrated Modeling:
-   Gyrokinetic Turbulence  MHD , Wave Heating, Plasma Edge       Lee

-   Focus is presently on core turbulence:  ITG, ETG, ITG/ETG coupling, finite beta effects, transition from Bohm to gyro-Bohm, turbulence spreading
-  need to develop long-time (transport timescale) predictive simulation capability
-  turbulence and neoclassical simulation integration
-  mechanisms for transport barrier formation
-  pedestal region and core-edge simulation integration
-  how to couple with whole-device-modeling codes
-  impurities and helium ash transport

## Edge-Plasma Integrated Modeling

- Integrated Modeling:
-   Compatibility between impurity injection for a high edge radiation fraction and core fusion physics (confinement and fusion power)           Takenaga
-   Integration of core, edge, PSI codes:  neutrals, atomic physics, wall interaction, turbulence, transport, drifts, neoclassical effects  Coster
-   Static and dynamic (with ELMs) semi-emperical pedestal models coupled to core transport:  DIII-D, JET, and  simulations for burning plasmas Kritz

-  Full 3D predictive edge model is lacking
-  Numerous edge codes exist to provide qualitative understanding and quantitative results for specific phenomena
-  edge transport: CSD, SONIC, UEDGE, ...
-  kinetic edge turbulence: PARASOL, ...
-  collisional edge turbulence: BOUT, ...
-  Many issues remain:
-  L-H transition and pedestal physics
-  nonlinear ELM crash, transport, and pedestal recovery
-  density limit
-  material erosion including redeposition and dust formation
-  impurity transport

## RF, NBI, -particle, and fueling Sources

- Integrated Modeling:
-  ICRH wave field   distribution function , MHD     Hellsten
-  Interaction of -particles with LH by coupling SPOT and DELPHINE in CRONOS framework   Schneider
-  RF -particles ion distribution function                Fisch

-  Comprehensive suites of RF and neutral beam codes exist
-  Integrated computations between full-wave ICRF and FP solvers are underway, but not yet in routine use
-  Integrated modeling that combines advanced ICRF antenna modules with full-wave solvers are underway
-  RF and NB source modules have been combined with WDM codes, but generally not the most advanced RF packages.
-  RF/FP Codes need to be coupled to MHD codes in order to simulate instability control
-  Modeling of Mode Conversion physics in ITER scale plasma not yet possible

## Schedule

| 12:10 | N. Fisch | PPPL | A Hot-ion-Mode RF-Driven Tokamak via Alpha Channeling |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 12:30 | H. Takenaga | JAERI | Impurity injection Scenario in a Burning Plasma |
| 12:50 | T. Hellsten | Stockh. | Integrated modeling of ICRH and AE Dynamics |
| 13:10 | W. Lee | PPPL | Integrated Gyrokinetic Particle Simulation of Fusion Plasmas |
| 8:30 | C. Kessel | PPPL | Integrated modeling of ITER and FIRE with TSC and TRANSP |
| 8:50 | D. Coster | IPP | Burning Plasma Simulations:  Edge Issues |
| 9:10 | Kritz | Lehigh | Prediction of H-mode pedestal and ELMs and the Performance of Burning Plasma Experiments |
| 9:30 | T. Ozeki | JAERI | Integrated simulation code for burning plasma analysis |
| 9:50 | M. Schneider | CEA | Integration of the SPOT code into CRONOS for Burning Plasma Studies |
| 10:10 | R. Budny | PPPL | Time-Dependent integrated modeling of ITER plasmas |
| 10:30 | all |  | Discussion and Summary |