# Presentation: 048355

## UN/US Workshops on the Use of Global Navigation Satellite Systems

- CGSIC
- 9 September 2001

## Background

- UNISPACE III stressed the social and economic benefits of GNSS
- Vienna Declaration- to improve the efficiency and security of transport, search and rescue, geodesy ... by promoting ... space-based services
- OOSA- develop and implement training module to build capacity in use of GNSS applications
- December 2000 included in  UN General Assembly Plan of Action

## Malaysia Workshop

- Hosted by Dept. of Survey and Mapping Malaysia of the Ministry of Land and Co-operative Development
- 200 participants from 24 countries
- Four days, 35 presentations
- Observations and Recommendations
- Stressed the need for regional cooperation to minimize duplication of efforts

## Session I- Existing GNSS Systems and ApplicationsRecommendations

-   Channel of communication between GNSS national points of contact needed to promote future discussion
-   Obtain users feedback for new GPS and GLONASS systems.
-   Maintain free signal for future on a non-discriminatory basis.
-   Continue discussion to achieve target of interoperable capability between GPS/GLONASS and Galileo

## Session I- Existing GNSS Systems and ApplicationsRecommendations (2)

- Renew old data recorded when SA was on.
- Take advantage of growing user community and of emerging applications
- Government and private enterprise to work together to determine the boundaries for the provision of DGPS services.   Private enterprise developments are an important source of industry innovation.

## Session II- GNSS for Land Management Recommendations

- Vietnam- Develop systematic techniques and procedures to help surveyors understand the use of GPS.
- India- proposed to extend the use of GNSS in GIS

## Session III- National Programmes Recommendations

- India SBAS should be a part of a seamless navigation system with same standards as  WAAS, EGNOS and MSAS
- Indian participation in the SBAS interoperability group
- Government’s active participation through the establishment of a steering committee

## Session III- National Programmes Recommendations (2)

- The Indian SBAS, almost operational by end of 2005, may need European assistance for early trials
- Establish a national plan on GNSS, user support group, or even setting up of an augmentation infrastructure for the system
- Close cooperation with other countries in the development of GNSS technology for application

## Session IV- Disaster Preparedness and Environmental Monitoring Recommendations

- The need to use an integrated GIS/GPS system to cope with disasters efficiently to minimize the loss of lives.
- Studying the application of GPS and/or INSAR to monitor landslide mitigation in Indonesia.

## Session V- Resource Conservation Recommendations

- Scientific research on several areas namely; height datum unification sea-level study using GPS on buoy and sea transportation
- Use of GNSS for forest cover classification and assessment of the spatial variability of gaps and gap sizes.

## Session VI- Precision Agriculture Recommendations

**Precision Agriculture:**
**1) **To increase efficiency and reduce the impact on the environment through  site specific management using GPS, GIS, sensor systems and variable rate technology**.**
**2) **To improve precision agriculture user’s IT capability with emphasis on high accuracy in mapping at a  low cost.
**3)  **Need a more reliable real time navigation signal and system for variable rate application.
**4) To establish of a world-wide information exchange center/network related to precision agriculture.**

## Session VII- Surveying and Mapping Recommendations 

- Perform the re-observation and re-adjustment of the scientific network for East Malaysia.
- Countries intending to use GNSS must be aware modernization of GPS, Galileo and other systems. New GNSS infrastructures will deliver more accurate results, cost less,  cover more area, and speed up results.

## Session VIII- GPS for Timing and Transportation Recommendations

- Review user requirements in DGPS for navigation
- Standard and practices related to GNSS will have to be constantly developed to meet the demands from the maritime industry.
- Studies and simulations need to be conducted to insure GPS and Galileo system time compatibility.

## Future Workshops

- Vienna, Austria- 26-30 November 2001
- Santiago, Chile- April 2002
- Intl. Air & Space Fair (FIDAE 2002)
- Africa
- Conclusions/recommendations review
- Vienna, Austria, late 2002

## Back-up Slides

- Details of Recommendations

## Session I Recommendations

- Fulfill the UNISPACE-III recommendations to facilitate usage of GNSS (GPS), GLONASS) technology applications for Asia and Pacific countries development.
- Reduce the potential to restrict modernization of GPS
- Welcome GPS/GLONASS maintenance and modernization as a  part of core GNSS
- Channel of communication between GNSS national points of contact needed to promote future discussion

## Session I Recommendations (2)

-         Regional consensus on spectrum to ensure modernization of GPS and GLONASS realized.
-         Obtain users feedback for new GPS and GLONASS systems.
-         Maintain free signal for future on a non-discriminatory basis.
-          Increase value added services.
-          Continue discussion to achieve a target of interoperable capability between GPS/GLONASS and GALILEO.

## Session I Recommendations (3)

**Impact of SA-Freedom on consumer use.**
**Renew old data recorded when SA was on.**
**Take advantage of growing user community and of emerging applications**
**For more information about possible cooperation with NASA, contact Dr. John La Breuque at NASA HQ.**

## Session I Recommendations (4)

**Government and private enterprise to work together to determine the boundaries for the provision of DGPS services. At present there is an effective market where users needs are being met on a fee for service basis. Competition exists such that new technology is being developed and released to satisfy the uses demands. Private enterprise developments are an important source of industry innovation.**

## Session II Recommendations

**The Vietnam representative suggested that some systematic techniques and procedures could be designed to help the surveyors to overcome the difficulty in understanding the use of GPS.**
**There is a need for the GIS community to  develop coherent argument to persuade government of the key role of GIS as a basis for e- government.**

## Session II Recommendations (2)

**The India representative has proposed the following to extend the use of GNSS in GIS in his country:**
**Digitising of existing paper-maps**
**Establish GPS based control points **
**Securely monument the control point**
**Design a rectangular grid coordinate system**
**Transpose the existing triangular stations and boundary pillars to the new coordinate system**
**Using of kinematic GPS for creating digital records adopting the new coordinate system**

## Session III Recommendations 

**Indian SBAS should be a seamless navigation system which is international in nature and has the same standards as the WAAS, EGNOS and MSAS systems.**
**The Indian system should become a part of the evolving GNSS. **
**Indian participation in the inter-operability group where FAA, ETG and MSAS are members.**

## Session III Recommendations (2)

**Establish a national plan on GNSS, user support group, or even setting up of an augmentation infrastructure for the system**
**Tax waiver for GNSS related products and the long term protection of the GNSS/RNS spectrum.**
**Close cooperation with other countries in the development of GNSS technology for application in survey mapping and other fields such as geological survey, marine navigation, boundary demarcation, etc are sought by participating countries.**

## Session III Recommendations (3)

**The Indian SBAS, almost operational by end of 2005, may need European assistance for early trials through the IOR NAV-Payload on INMARSAT-III. However, it is planned to put NAV-payload in one/two of the Indian Geostationary Communication Satellite, GSAT/INSAT series for dedicated use by the civil aviation community.**
**Government’s active participation through the establishment of a steering committee**

## Session IV Recommendations

**Disasters can be prevented or minimized by connecting safety management systems all over the nation through information network.  **
**The use of information and communication technology; i.e. connecting safety management systems all over the nation through information network can prevent disasters and mitigate damage.  **

## Session IV Recommendations (2)

- The need to have an integrated system incorporating the use of GIS and GPS technologies for total and systematic efforts to cope with disasters efficiently to minimize the loss of lives.
- The importance of using GIS and GPS is well recognized for the implementation of NDMS.
- GPS as an effective tool for real time monitoring of bridge motion

## Session IV Recommendations (3)

**GPS can improve the reliability and safety of transport services.**
**Landslide is one of the prominent geohazards that is continuously affecting the Indonesian people especially in the rainy season. The application of GPS and/or INSAR is being studied to monitor landslide mitigation in Indonesia.**

## Session IV Recommendations (4)

**The methodology of NNR constraint in ITRF construction**** **
**1.****	****Tisserand condition using NNR geological model**
**      ****NNR (no net rotation) called Tisserand condition (Jean K.,1989) is one of the criteria in realization of CTRS. As we know, the NNR-NUVEL1A geological plate model meets the Tisserand condition.We can impose Tisserand condition on the ITRF construction by transforming ITRF velocity fields to NNR-NUVEL1A. In order to use this method, sufficient sites and well-distribution on the earth are required. The 54 sites selected by ITRF2000 distribute in 6 among 14 global tectonic plates, even within each plate the distribution is not uniform. So this method cannot be used in ITRF2000 construction.**
**2.****	****Tisserand condition on global plate motion models**

## Session V Recommendations

**Scientific research on several areas namely; height datum unification sea-level study using GPS on buoy and sea transportation**
**Use of GNSS for forest cover classification and assessment of the spatial variability of gaps and gap sizes.**

## Session VI Recommendations

**Information technology requirement related to GNSS behind Precision Agriculture :**
**GPS, DGPS, R/T DGPS Services**
**DGPS Augmentations System**, **Mobile Mapping**
**Application software/GIS**
**Handheld personal computer**

## Session VI Recommendations (2)

**Precision Agriculture:**
**i). ****	****To increase efficiency and reduce the impact on the environment from agrochemical  input in agricultural production through  site specific management using GPS, GIS, sensor systems and variable rate technology.**
**ii).****	****To improve precision agriculture user’s IT capability in positioning system with emphasis on high accuracy in mapping at a  low cost.**
**iii).  Need a more reliable real time navigation signal and system for variable rate application.**
**iv). To establish of a world wide information exchange center/network related to precision agriculture.**

## Session VII Recommendations 

- a)	Recommend to perform the same re-observation and re-adjustment of the scientific network for East Malaysia.
- b)	Countries intending to use GNSS in the future must be well aware of the development of  GNSS infrastructure such as modernization of GPS, Galileo and other systems. New GNSS infrastructures will overcome some of the limitation of the current limitations and will deliver more accurate results, less cost,  cover more area and speed up results.

## Session VIII Recommendations

**GNSS forum by IMO on operational requirement, performance standard and institutional arrangement**
**Review user requirements in DGPS for navigation**
**Standard and practices related to GNSS will have to be constantly developed to meet the demands from the maritime industry.**

## Session VIII Recommendations (2)

**GPS and Galileo system time compatibility needs to be robustly addressed to insure interoperability. Studies and simulations need to be conducted.**
**Potential for local contribution to ANSS system in Indonesia should be taken into account in future activities related to its utilization and development.**
**Note the IOC date of the U.S. certified WAAS CAT I is December 2003 and LAAS is scheduled to be operational in 2003. **