# Presentation: 042282

## Next VVSG TrainingChapter 7:  Reqs. by Voting Activity

- December 2007
- David Flater
- National Institute of Standards and Technology
- dflater@nist.gov

## 7  Requirements by Voting Activity

- 7.1  Election Programming
- 7.2  Ballot Preparation, Formatting, and Production
- 7.3  Equipment Setup for Security and Integrity [L&A testing]
- 7.4  Opening Polls
- 7.5  Casting
- 7.6  Closing Polls
- 7.7  Counting
- 7.8  Reporting

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## Process Model (Pt. 1 Sec. 8.1)

- Informative
- Provides context for product requirements
- Not directly used by any product requirements

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## Terms

**Ballot configuration:**  Set of contests in which voters of a particular group (e.g., political party and/or election district) are entitled to vote
**Ballot style:**  Concrete presentation of a particular ballot configuration
- A given ballot configuration may be realized by multiple ballot styles, which may differ in the language used, the ordering of contests and contest choices, etc.

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## Why this makes sense

- Most functional requirements on vote capture and tabulation are independent of style issues such as which ballot position a given contest choice appears in or which language it is written in
- Nevertheless, there are functional requirements on the capability of the voting system to produce and tabulate different ballot styles
- Auto-layout capability
- Association of ballot styles with political parties in primary elections
- Correct mapping from ballot positions back to contest choices
- So we need both terms

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## 7.7  Counting

- 7.7.4  Misfed ballots
- Ability to clear misfeed
**Indicate status of misfed ballot**
- 7.7.5  Accuracy
- Special cases for optical scanners
- General benchmark handles everything else

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## Categories of optical scan marks

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- Ideal mark (not marginal)

- Reliably detectable mark (not marginal)

- Standard, reliably detectable mark (not marginal)

**Marginal mark**

- .

- Hesitation mark (not marginal)

- No mark (not marginal)

- Extraneous mark (not marginal)

**Notes:**
Each category of mark is illustrated with an example.

Ideal mark:  oval completely filled in with a #2 pencil.
Reliably detectable mark:  oval mostly filled in, but not quite completely filled in, nor quite staying within the lines.
Standard, reliably detectable mark:  a 1 mm thick horizontal line crossing the entirety of the oval on its long axis (horizontally).
Marginal mark:  a thin check mark centered on the oval.
Hesitation mark:  a small dot inside the oval.
Extraneous mark:  somebody scrawled “NIXON” beside the oval but put nothing within it.
No mark:  an empty oval.

## 7.7  Counting

- 7.7.5  Accuracy
- SHALL count reliably detectable marks
- SHALL count standard mark (MCOS)
- SHOULD reject marginal marks (PCOS) (→ Part 1 Req. 3.2.2.2-E)
- SHOULD ignore hesitation marks and imperfections
- SHALL ignore extraneous marks and non-marks
- C.f. Part 2 Req. 4.1.2-A.2  User documentation, reliably detectable marks

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## Accuracy for Optical Scanner: Q & A

- Jim Dickson, Board of Advisors
- Gary Poser, Minnesota
- Wendy Noren, Missouri
- Doug Lewis, The  Election Center

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## Categories of optical scan marks

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- Ideal mark (not marginal)

- Reliably detectable mark (not marginal)

- Standard, reliably detectable mark (not marginal)

**Marginal mark**

- .

- Hesitation mark (not marginal)

- No mark (not marginal)

- Extraneous mark (not marginal)

**Notes:**
Each category of mark is illustrated with an example.

Ideal mark:  oval completely filled in with a #2 pencil.
Reliably detectable mark:  oval mostly filled in, but not quite completely filled in, nor quite staying within the lines.
Standard, reliably detectable mark:  a 1 mm thick horizontal line crossing the entirety of the oval on its long axis (horizontally).
Marginal mark:  a thin check mark centered on the oval.
Hesitation mark:  a small dot inside the oval.
Extraneous mark:  somebody scrawled “NIXON” beside the oval but put nothing within it.
No mark:  an empty oval.

## Accuracy for Optical Scanner: Q & A (continued)

- Jim Dickson, Board of Advisors
- Gary Poser, Minnesota
- Wendy Noren, Missouri
- Doug Lewis, The  Election Center

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## Categories of optical scan marks

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- Ideal mark (not marginal)

- Reliably detectable mark (not marginal)

- Standard, reliably detectable mark (not marginal)

**Marginal mark**

- .

- Hesitation mark (not marginal)

- No mark (not marginal)

- Extraneous mark (not marginal)

**Notes:**
Each category of mark is illustrated with an example.

Ideal mark:  oval completely filled in with a #2 pencil.
Reliably detectable mark:  oval mostly filled in, but not quite completely filled in, nor quite staying within the lines.
Standard, reliably detectable mark:  a 1 mm thick horizontal line crossing the entirety of the oval on its long axis (horizontally).
Marginal mark:  a thin check mark centered on the oval.
Hesitation mark:  a small dot inside the oval.
Extraneous mark:  somebody scrawled “NIXON” beside the oval but put nothing within it.
No mark:  an empty oval.

## 7.7.5  Counting

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## Accuracy for Optical Scanner: Q & A (continued)

- Jim Dickson, Board of Advisors
- Gary Poser, Minnesota
- Wendy Noren, Missouri
- Doug Lewis, The  Election Center

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## Categories of optical scan marks

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- Ideal mark (not marginal)

- Reliably detectable mark (not marginal)

- Standard, reliably detectable mark (not marginal)

**Marginal mark**

- .

- Hesitation mark (not marginal)

- No mark (not marginal)

- Extraneous mark (not marginal)

**Notes:**
Each category of mark is illustrated with an example.

Ideal mark:  oval completely filled in with a #2 pencil.
Reliably detectable mark:  oval mostly filled in, but not quite completely filled in, nor quite staying within the lines.
Standard, reliably detectable mark:  a 1 mm thick horizontal line crossing the entirety of the oval on its long axis (horizontally).
Marginal mark:  a thin check mark centered on the oval.
Hesitation mark:  a small dot inside the oval.
Extraneous mark:  somebody scrawled “NIXON” beside the oval but put nothing within it.
No mark:  an empty oval.