# Presentation: 187368

## Health Risk Behaviors Among Adolescents

**Janet Collins, Ph.D.**
- Acting Director
- Division of Adolescent and School Health

## Leading Causes of Death Among 10-24 Year Olds in the U.S., 2001

**Notes:**
71% of all deaths – motor vehicle crashes, other injuries, homicide, and suicide

Motor vehicle crashes – 13,000
Other accidents - 4500
Homicide – 5500
Suicide – 4000
Other causes – cancer, heart disease, HIV, birth defects, lung disease, diabetes, etc.

## Impact of Sexual Behaviors

- 870,000 pregnancies occur each year among 15-19 year olds
- 490,000 live births occur each year to teen mothers aged 15-19 years
- 3 million sexually transmitted diseases occur each year among 13-19 year olds
- Since 1988, 13% of persons diagnosed with HIV/AIDS were 13-24 years old at diagnosis and 37% were 25-34 year-olds

## Leading Causes of Death Among Persons Aged 25 Years and Older in the U.S., 2001

**Notes:**
69% of all deaths due to CHD, cancer, and diabetes

Other causes = motor vehicle crashes, other accidents, suicide, homicide, HIV, liver disease and cirrhosis, COPD, and influenza and pneumonia

## Behaviors That Contribute to the Leading Causes of Morbidity and Mortality

- Behaviors that contribute to unintentional injuries and violence
- Alcohol and other drug use
- Sexual behaviors
- Tobacco use
- Unhealthy dietary behaviors
- Inadequate physical activity

## Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance Systemwww.cdc.gov/yrbs

- Focus the nation on behaviors causing the most important health problems
- Assess how risk behaviors change over time
- Provide comparable data among subpopulations of youth

**Notes:**
Provide comparable data – 
	-among national, state, and local populations
	-between high school and college
	-among regular school, alternative school, and 			and out of school

	- 

## Components of the YRBSS

- State and local school-based surveys
- National school-based survey
- College survey
- Alternative school survey
- Household survey
- Specific population school-based surveys
- Methodological studies

## Characteristics of the School-based YRBS

- 9th-12th grade students
- Probability samples of schools and students
- Anonymous
- Self-administered computer-scannable questionnaire
- Completed in one class period (45 minutes)
- Conducted biennially during the spring

## Response Rates and Sample Sizes National YRBS, 1991-2001

## Percentage of High School Students Who Rarely or Never Wore Seat Belts,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2001

- * When riding in a car driven by someone else
- ** M > F

## Percentage of High School Students Who Rarely or Never Wore Seat Belts,* 1991 - 2001

- * When riding in a car driven by someone else
- 1 Significant linear decrease, p < .05

## Percentage of High School Students Who Rode with a Driver Who Had Been Drinking Alcohol,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2001

- * One or more times during the 30 days preceding the survey
- ** H > W, B

## Percentage of High School Students Who Rode with a Driver Who Had Been Drinking Alcohol,* 1991 - 2001

- 1 Significant linear decrease,  p < .05

**Percentage of High School Students Who Rode with a Driver Who Had Been Drinking Alcohol,* 1991 - 2001**

## Percentage of High School Students Who Carried a Weapon,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2001

- * For example, a gun, knife, or club on _>_ 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey
- ** M > F

## Percentage of High School Students Who Carried a Weapon,* 1991 - 2001

- * For example, a gun, knife, or club on _>_ 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey
- 1 Significant linear decrease and quadratic effect, p < .05

## Percentage of High School Students Who Attempted Suicide,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2001

- * One or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey
- ** F > M; H > W, B

## Percentage of High School Students Who Attempted Suicide,* 1991 - 2001

- * One or more  times during the 12 months  preceding the survey
- 1 No change over time

## Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Alcohol Use,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2001

- * Drank alcohol on  1 of the 30 days preceding the survey
- ** W, H > B

## Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Alcohol Use,* 1991 - 2001

- * Drank alcohol on  1 of the 30 days preceding the survey
- 1 No change over time

## Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Episodic Heavy Drinking,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2001

- * Drank _>_ 5 drinks of alcohol on  1 occasions on  1 of the 30 days preceding the survey
- ** M > F; W, H > B

## Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Episodic Heavy Drinking,* 1991 - 2001

- * Drank  5 drinks of alcohol on  1 occasions on  1 of the 30 days preceding the survey
- 1 No change over time

## Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Marijuana Use,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2001

- * Used marijuana  1 times during the 30 days preceding the survey
- ** M > F

## Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Marijuana Use,* 1991 - 2001

- * Used marijuana  1 times during the 30 days preceding the survey
- 1 Significant linear increase and quadratic effect, p < .05

## Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Cocaine Use,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2001

- * Ever tried any form of cocaine (e.g., powder, “crack,” or “freebase”)
- ** H, W > B; H > W

## Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Cocaine Use,* 1991 - 2001

- * Ever tried any form of cocaine (e.g., powder, “crack,” or “freebase”)
- 1 Significant linear increase, p < .05

## Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Injecting Illegal Drug Use,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2001

- * Classified as an injecting-drug user if they reported injecting-drug use not prescribed by a physician and reported lifetime use of cocaine, heroin, methamphetamines, or steroids
- ** M > F

## Percentage of High School Students Who Ever Had Sexual Intercourse, by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2001

- * M > F; B > H, W

## Percentage of High School Students Who Ever Had Sexual Intercourse, 1991 - 2001

- 1 Significant linear decrease, p < .05

## Percentage of High School Students Who Had  4 Sex Partners During Their Lifetime, by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2001

- * M > F; B > H, W

## Percentage of High School Students Who Had  4 Sex Partners During Their Lifetime, 1991 - 2001

- 1 Significant linear decrease,  p < .05

## Percentage of High School Students Who Used a Condom During Last Sexual Intercourse,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2001

- * Among currently sexually active students
- ** M > F; B > H, W

## Percentage of High School Students Who Used a Condom During Last Sexual Intercourse,* 1991 - 2001

- * Among currently sexually active students
- 1 Significant linear increase and quadratic effect, p < .05

## Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Cigarette Use,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2001

- * Smoked cigarettes on _>_ 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey
- ** W, H > B

**Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Cigarette Use,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2001**

## Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Cigarette Use,* 1991 - 2001

- * Smoked cigarettes on _>_ 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey
- 1 Significant linear increase and quadratic effect, p < .05

## Percentage of High School Students Who Were at Risk For Becoming Overweight,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2001

- * Students who were _>_ 85th percentile but < 95th percentile for body mass index, by age and sex, based on reference data
- ** M > F; B, H > W

## Percentage of High School Students Who Were Overweight,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2001

- * Students who were _>_ 95th percentile for body mass index, by age and sex, based on reference data
- ** M > F; B, H > W

## Percentage of High School Students Who Had Eaten > 5 Servings Per Day of Fruits And Vegetables,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2001

- * Had eaten _>_ 5 servings per day of 100% fruit juice, fruit, green salad, potatoes (excluding french fries, fried potatoes, or potato chips), carrots, or other vegetables during the 7 days preceding the survey
- ** M > F; B > W

## Percentage of High School Students Who Participated in Sufficient Vigorous Physical Activity,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2001

- * Activities that made students sweat and breathe hard for _>_ 20 minutes on _>_ 3 of the 7 days preceding the survey
- ** M > F; W > B, H

## Percentage of High School Students Who Participated in Sufficient Moderate Physical Activity,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2001

- * Activities that did not make students sweat and breathe hard for _>_ 30 minutes on _>_ 5 of the 7 days preceding the survey
- ** M > F; W > B, H

## Percentage of High School Students Who Had Not Participated in Any Vigorous or Moderate Physical Activity,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2001

- * Had not participated in either vigorous physical activity for _>_ 20 minutes or moderate physical activity for _>_ 30 minutes on any of the 7 days preceding the survey
- ** F > M; H, B > W

## Percentage of High School Students Who Attended Physical Education Class Daily, by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2001

## Percentage of High School Students Who Attended Physical Education Class Daily, 1991 - 2001

- 1 Significant linear decrease and quadratic effect, p < .05

## Co-Occurrence of Health Risk Behaviors

|  | Number of Risks (%) |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| 12-13 year-olds |  |  |  |  |  |
|    In School  | 71 | 21 | 5 | 2 | 2 |
|    Out of School | 61 | 25 | 8 | 5 | 3 |
| 14-17 year-olds |  |  |  |  |  |
|    In School  | 42 | 25 | 14 | 9 | 10 |
|    Out of School | 21 | 22 | 17 | 10 | 30 |
| 18-21 year-olds |  |  |  |  |  |
|    In School  | 28 | 27 | 21 | 14 | 10 |
|    Out of School | 17 | 24 | 21 | 17 | 21 |

## Health Risk Behaviors Among Adolescents

**Janet Collins, Ph.D.**
- Acting Director
- Division of Adolescent and School Health