# Presentation: 011131

## Saving Energy While Using Electronics 
Katharine Kaplan Osdoba
ENERGY STAR Program
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
osdoba.katharine@epa.gov

- Katharine Kaplan Osdoba
- ENERGY STAR Program
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
- osdoba.katharine@epa.gov

## Improve air quality 
Less smog, acid rain
Help mitigate climate change
Fewer greenhouse gas emissions
Improve reliability of electricity grid
Fewer power outages
Lower energy bills
Consumers, businesses, and governments save
National security 
Less dependence on foreign oil
Reduced price volatility

*Less smog, acid rain*
- Help mitigate climate change
*Fewer greenhouse gas emissions*
- Improve reliability of electricity grid
*Fewer power outages*
- Lower energy bills
*Consumers, businesses, and governments save*
- National security
*Less dependence on foreign oil*
*Reduced price volatility*

- Benefits of Reducing Electricity Consumption

## What is ENERGY STAR?

**ENERGY STAR is a voluntary government/industry partnership that helps businesses and consumers make energy-efficient choices, making it easy to save energy, money and protect the environment.**

*ENERGY STAR helps consumers make energy-efficient choices that*
*can save about a third on their energy bills without sacrificing features, *
*style or comfort*

## How Does ENERGY STAR Work?

- Guiding Principles for selecting products and setting specifications:
- Cost-effective efficiency
- Performance maintained or enhanced
- Significant energy savings potential
- Efficiency achievable with non-proprietary technology
- Product differentiation and testing feasible
- Labeling effective in the market

## Topics To Be Covered

- Saving energy today by activating power management settings on our PCs through network tools
- New ENERGY STAR office equipment specifications and their potential savings
- Federal and State initiatives requiring  ENERGY STAR products
- Role federal purchasers can play in saving energy by specifying ENERGY STAR qualified office equipment

## What is Power Management?

- Already exists in Windows 95,98, ME, 2000 and XP.
- Just needs to be activated.

## Why Power Management?

- Roughly 100 million office computers and monitors use more than 1% of the nation’s electricity
- More than half of electricity used to power PCs is wasted
- 60% of PCs are left on at night
- 30% to 45%  of monitors are not enabled for power management
- 90+% of computers are not enabled for power management

## How Much Can I Save?

- Monitor power management (MPM) can save $10 to $30 per monitor annually by placing your inactive monitors into a low-power sleep mode.
- Computer power management (CPM) places inactive computers (CPU, hard drive, etc.) into a low-power sleep mode, which can save $15 to $45 per desktop computer annually.

## Monitor Power Management – A No-Brainer

- MPM is stable -- problems associated with MPM are exceptionally rare
- Fortune 500 IT departments require less than a day to implement MPM features
- Many federal agencies have activated MPM
- Comment most often overheard: “this really is a no-brainer”

## EPA Provides Technical Resources To Activate MPM

- Network Tools
- From EPA:  EZ Save*, EZ GPO*
- Commercially Available:  Altiris Energy Saver Toolkit; Apple’s Remote Desktop 2; CA’s Unicenter; IE’s NightWatchman; Desktop Standard’s Policy Maker; Verdiem’s Surveyor Network Energy Manager
- Consultation* regarding use of existing network options such as:
- Replication of image during rollout to W2000 or XP
- 3rd party desktop management tool
- Learn about options at: _[www.energystar.gov/powermanagement](http://www.energystar.gov/powermanagement)_
- *free of charge

## MPM – Large and Small Federal Agency Involvement

- DOD Office of the Secretary of Defense activated MPM on 700 computers to save $7000/year.*
- Defense Information Systems Agency implemented MPM, as part of a migration to Windows 2000, on 6000 machines to save $60,000/year.
- Navy confirmed that MPM will be set to 15 minutes on 410,000 PCs to save over $4 million/year.
- 	*These savings assume $10/computer savings conservatively.

## Educational Material Available fro MPM: Mouse Pad and Poster

## PR Effort Linked to MPM: Secured Article Placements 

*National Public Radio* Broadcast
- Energy Professionals: *Buildings, Building Operating Management*
- High Tech: *Government Computer News, PC World, Computer World, InfoWorld, Yahoo News, Smart Computing*
- Upper Management: *CIO, CFO, AOL Money Newsletter*
- Education: *Chronicle of Higher Education, Education Dealer, School Planning and Management*

## Million Monitor Drive Campaign

- Organizations pledge to “contribute” to the goal of addressing a million monitors annually.
- Helps secure high priority for MPM within organization.
- Many federal Agencies have joined
- Honored Top Contributors to MMD at ENERGY STAR Awards ceremony in April 2003 and April 2004.
- In total, 10 million monitors have been addressed by the MMD

## Computer Power Management – On the Upswing

- Originally designed to conserve battery life on standalone laptops
- Increasingly deployed to save electricity on desktops
- However, activation in networked environments is not as straightforward as MPM
- A few barriers have held back wide-spread enterprise implementation

- System standby (S3)
- saves 40+ watts
- wakes up in 5-10 seconds
- does not save work in event of a power loss
- Hard disk spin down
- only saves a few watts
- Hibernate (S4)
- same energy savings as system standby
- wakes up in 20+ seconds
- saves work in the event of a power loss

**Notes:**
53,293 knowledge worker machines represent a $3.23 million savings opportunity
However, 21,007 WinNT PCs are slightly more challenging than WinX or WinXP PCs (39.4%)

## CPM: Challenges

- Challenges:
- If patches are pushed out at night, may need extra step to awaken computers at night
- May be some compatibility issues with old drivers and software that would prevent sleep state
- Like MPM, numerous tools to activate CPM:
- EPA’s EZ GPO*; Apple’s Remote Desktop 2; IE’s NightWatchman; Desktop Standard’s Policy Maker; Verdiem’s Surveyor Network Energy Manager
- PR Efforts - just beginning as focus has been on technical issues
- * Free of Charge

**Notes:**
PM cannot currently be centrally managed with standard group policy objects in Microsoft Windows Active Directory
The “Wake-on-LAN” feature must be enabled in order for PCs in standby mode to “wake up” for administrative tasks such as push updates and remote desktop logins
Network administrators don't have an easy way to enable and manage the Wake-on-LAN features of the NIC remotely, making it difficult for installed bases of PCs to begin using Wake-on-LAN

As a result, when a user logs off of a computer, the PM status of the computer is hard to predict and not easily controlled. 

## Federal CPM Implementations: Small But Building

- Defense Logistics Agency activated CPM on 600 laptops using the EZ GPO tool in February 2006.
- US EPA’s offices in Arlington, VA activated CPM on 800 PCs, set to sleep after 10 minutes of inactivity, in December 2005.
- NASA’s Kennedy Space Center activated CPM  on 2,400 computers in September 2005.
- US Army contractor used EZ GPO to activate CPM on 5,000 laptops in Iraq in August 2005.

## New 2007 Office Equipment Specs 

- Two new specifications are coming in 2007 that cover all office equipment
**Computer Specification** covers desktops, notebooks, workstations, desktop derived servers
**Imaging Equipment Specification **covers copiers, fax machines, mailing machines, multifunction devices, printers, scanners
- New specifications shift focus to overall energy use and not only standby power
- Both require that external power adapters are ENERGY STAR qualified as well

## New Office Equipment Specifications - Timeline

| Product Category | Status | Effective Date |
| --- | --- | --- |
| External Power Supplies | Finalized | January 1, 2005 |
| Monitors* | Finalized | January 1, 2006 |
| Imaging Equipment | Under Development | April 1, 2007 |
| Computers | Under Development | July 1, 2007 |

- * Tier 1 has been in effect since January 1, 2005.  The Tier 2 monitors specification will take effect on January 1, 2006.  EPA also may revise the specification in the near future to require ENERGY STAR EPSs  on monitors with EPSs.

## Save Close to $50/Per Office Worker With ENERGY STAR!

- By 2007, an office with new ENERGY STAR qualified products (PCs and imaging equipment) will save roughly $48 and 680 kWh/ office worker.
- A 200-person office will save about $10,000 annually and prevent the emission of 100 tons of CO2, equivalent to:
- Planting 26 acres of trees
- Preventing the emissions of 17 cars

## Meet Federal and State Requirements

- EPAct requires that the federal government purchase ENERGY STAR qualified and FEMP-designated products.
- Executive Order 13221asks federal agencies to purchase products that with low standby power levels met by ENERGY STAR qualified products.
- Many states require purchase of ENERGY STAR qualified products.

- California
- Hawaii
- Indiana
- Maryland
- Massachusetts
- Minnesota

- Nevada
- New York State
- North Carolina
- Utah
- Vermont
- Virginia
- Wisconsin

## New Imaging Equipment Spec

- Two Approaches:
- Typical Electricity Consumption (TEC)
- Looks at _**full duty cycle**_** for standard-sized EP copiers, multifunction devices, and printers**
- Metric is _typical weekly electricity_ a product might use in all modes
- Operational Mode (OM)
- Focuses energy consumption in various low-power modes (i.e., sleep and standby) for products such as ink jets and large format devices

**Notes:**
Draft 1 was released on August 10, so spec is still being developed.
TEC looks at the full duty cycle of products such as standard-sized EP (electrophotographic or “laser”) copiers, MFDs and printers.  The result of the newly-developed TEC test procedure is a figure for the typical weekly electricity a product might use (in ALL modes).
Some products (such as ink jets or large format devices) continue to be treated under the existing operational mode approach, which only looks at sleep modes.
EPA is considering breaking out power allowances for ink jet products based on functionality/features (wireless interfaces, memory/storage, paper handling options).  The data submitted by partners over the past few years does not show a correlation between power needed in sleep mode and speed, so differentiating by feature is a promising option.
EPA plans to closely monitor, but not specify, the recovery time of products.  This will allow manufacturers design flexibility, while providing EPA with data to determine if future specifications should address recovery time.
Reference to other specs – products with EPSs must use qualified EPSs.  Same with additional handsets on fax machines, and digital front ends (or computers) sold with printers.
EPA explained that partners may mark a product as ENERGY STAR qualified in an international market where it meets a specification, even if the product cannot meet ENERGY STAR in ALL markets.

## Tier I Hardware & Operational Mode Requirements:
More aggressive sleep modes
New standby power requirements
New idle test procedure and power levels
New external and internal power supply requirements
Tier II: Performance Benchmark
Use a software benchmark to measure the performance of the computer while simultaneously measuring the energy required to create that performance

- More aggressive sleep modes
- New standby power requirements
- New _idle test procedure and power levels_
- New _external and internal power supply_ requirements
- Tier II: Performance Benchmark
- Use a software benchmark to measure the performance of the computer while simultaneously measuring the energy required to create that performance

- New Computer Specification

**Notes:**
Why revise computer specification:
 Current specification only considers sleep mode, does not address “active mode”
 Largest opportunities for energy savings are when computers are turned on, which occurs during peak demand times
 Current label has about 98% market penetration, offering little differentiation for innovative, energy-efficient models
 Address low enabling rates

## What Can Federal Agencies Do Now?

- Broker a call between your IT manager and EPA about activating power management.
- Check with your suppliers and discuss their plans to meet the new requirements:
- 	http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=revisions.revisions_specs
- Learn more about EPAact at:
- 	http://www.eere.energy.gov/femp/about/legislation_epact_05.cfm
- Contact EPA for more information:
- Katharine Kaplan Osdoba, U.S. EPA ENERGY STAR Program, Osdoba.katharine@epa.gov, (202) 343-9120