# Presentation: 258715

## ....Airplanes As a Network....

***June 9 , 2004***
***Ralph Yost***
***Innovations Research Division***
***William J. Hughes Technical Center***

***...******.Airplanes As a Network....***
***Information Connectivity in Aviation***

## Main Topics for Today

**Describe Airborne Internet and the Collaborative Information Environment**
**Describe the Tech Center A.I. program**
**Describe the Industry efforts on A.I.**

##   A concept that overlays network theory and principles into the transportation realm

-   A concept that overlays network theory and principles into the transportation realm

***...***_***Information CONNECTIVITY***_*** ....A scalable, general purpose, multi-application data channel for people in transit****** ***

## Airborne Internet Value Proposition 

**A general purpose, multi-application data channel represents the opportunity to:**

**Consolidate flight deck functions to reduce equipage**
**in the aircraft (aircraft owner **_***saves money***_**)**
**On the ground (FAA **_***saves money***_**)**
**Create a NEW revenue stream for aircraft operators that does not exist today (operators **_***make money***_**)**

## The Human Connectivity Imperative: 

*SATS: The Next Aviation Transportation System *

***The Human Connectivity Imperative: ***
***People want to be “connected” at all times, even while transient***
***......******they NEED information connectivity!***

**We focus on the creation intermoda****l**** transportation networks for better personal transportation....**
**- But, they lack the **_***information***_*** networks needed by the people who operate and use them.***

** ****Nearly 3⁄4 of the US population older than two now have Internet access (200 million) !!**
** ****78% of people surveyed want to check their email while in flight ****(German study)**

## The Cycle of Revolutionary Advances in (Disruptive) Technology

**R&T Development & Evaluation Phase**

**Initial Acceptance Phase**
**Transition development**
**International endorsement**

**Deployment Phase**

**System**
**Maturity Phase**

**System**
**Development**

**System****Deployment**

**Maturation**

**Revolution**

**Idea is proposed,**
**briefed,**
**funding sought**

**Proof of ****Concept**

**Airborne Internet**
**Development**

**2002**

**2005**

**2010**

**2015**

**2020**

**Evolution**

**20XX**

***Airborne Internet has potential for significant impact in aviation***

**Airborne**
**Internet**

## Information Connectivity is now being applied to personal mobility

***Airborne***
***Internet***

***Information Connectivity is now being applied to personal mobility***

## A Possible Solution?

***Network Aircraft as we do Computers***

***Graphic courtesy of CNS Inc.***

**(A.I. Heritage Concept...application based)**

## Airborne Internet

- Satcom

**ATC Controller **

**GPS**

**Navigation **

_**Airport Services**__*** ***_
** ****TIS**
** ****FIS**
** ****Hospitality**
** ****Maint.**

_*Internet*_* *
-  Weather Products
-  NOTAMs
-  Flight Service Stations
-  Other

**Gateway **

**Original graphic courtesy of Computer Networks & Software, Inc.**

**VHF Radio**

**VHF Radio**

**VHF Radio**

**Line of **
**sight**

_**NAS Services**_
** ****ATM System **
** ****HUB Airports**
** ****TIS-B**

***Non-CIE ***
***Aircraft***

**DATABASE**
**CONNECTIVITY**

-  XM
-  RFID
-  AM/FM
-  802.xx

**Airborne Internet**

**VPN**

**Collaborative Information Environment**
**“****Meet us in the cloud”**

## Information Connectivity:

**Integrated Partners**

**Better Product; Faster Delivery**

**Agile Business Process**

**Employees Connected to Customer**

-  Why not aircraft, crew, maintenance, operations, security?
-  Air Traffic Management?
-  Why not UAV, soldiers, officers?
-  Commanders, generals, other friendly forces?
-  Example: MyBoeingFleet.com served  >400GB of data using XML

**Notes:**
Key Message: 
Companies that don’t adopt Web Services risk being excluded in the new digital economy
Slide Build: extensive automatic build
Slide Script:
As XML web services become the standard way of finding and doing business, it will become a requirement for businesses who wish to “show up” in the digital economy.
Ultimately its as if a company decided “we don’t really need a telephone system –and in fact, we don’t even need to LIST our company in the phone book –customers will be able to find us on their own if they really want to”
This is not a Microsoft imperative –XML Web Services are becoming the industry standard and the question businesses must ask are twofold:
How do I make sure my companies services are accessible integrated  and take advantage of  XML Web Services
What are the new opportunities my company can pursue by OFFERING our own web services to customers and business partners?

Transition: So let’s briefly drill down on Web Services from a high level but to at least provide a common understanding behind the computing model and why its important

Slide Transition: Strips Right-Down

## Aviation Information of the Future

**...****..and eventually, pilots will be able to extract data using **_***VOICE....on the Airborne Internet/CIE***_**.**
- Voice Extensible Markup Language (VoiceXML) allows a user to interact with the network through voice-recognition technology by using a voice browser
- W3C (the WWW Consortium) is currently writing version 2.0 of VoiceXML standard
- Editors are from PipeBeach, Nuance Communications, Speechworks International, Lucent, Motorola, IBM, and Tellme Networks

## XML Web Services

***XML Web Services***

**Industry standards for interoperability**

- Enable disparate systems to work together
- Across languages, platforms, applications
- Computer to computer
- Inside/outside the firewall
- Based on open, internet standards
- XML, SOAP, WSDL, UDDI
- Broad industry support
- Key area of vendor alignment

## XML Web Services:Next wave of Information Evolution

**Browse ****the Web**

**Program****the Internet**

*Technology*

*XML Web**Services*

*XML*

- Databaseconnectivity

*HTML*

*Web pages*

- Presentation“Legacy scrape”

*Email, FTP, etc.*

*TCP/IP*

*Innovation*

**CIE**

- Connectivity

**(Collaborative**
**Information**
**Environment)**

**Notes:**
Web services are really a further evolution of the internet. 

Initially the Web was about getting pure connectivity between remote computers and with that came development standards like TCP/IP and FTP. Basic applications like email and file transfer were also supported. The next wave focused on using the Web as a presentation medium. With that we get the development of Web pages and browsers which can render images and text in a more rich format
With XML we move this even further and now we can have a programming environment where not only can I have 2 applications working across the Web but I can present the converged experience onto any device.
We are very close to thinking of the Web as a programming platform....something Microsoft understands all too well and will not miss the opportunity to lead here.

Looking at the paradigm shifts in computing, we started with main frames in the 70’s. Disruptive technologies enabled radical leaps forward in capability.

70’s – move to distributed computing using client/server technology to achieve broader reach
80’s –internet gave still broader reach and the Web browser provided a common user experience
90’s – beginnings of a common infrastructure as the internet matured and major software companies emerged.  But application integration was far too costly & brittle to scale.
2000 – Web services deliver a promise of a common data format (XML), a means to move the data over intranet & internet (SOAP), and a way applications can discover (UDDI) and describe (WSDL) the service. Web services can leverage existing investments and make implementation economically practical.

## Functional Picture of the SATS Collaborative Information Environment (SATS_CIE) 

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |
|  |  |  |

**Functional Picture of the SATS Collaborative Information Environment (SATS_CIE)**

|             Engine |           Cockpit |              Cabin |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Maintainer | Pilot | Passenger |
| MX | INFO | TAINMENT |

- O/S, Products & solutions

## Aviation Information of the Future

**Aviation Information of the Future**

**CIE is the path to real time information connectivity**

## Result of the Traditional Method of Deploying New Systems in Aviation

**How did it come to this?**

## Result of the Traditional Method of Deploying New Systems in Aviation

**How did it come to this?**

** ****Analog radio technology at the time**
** ****Did not have today’s digital transfer technology**
** ****Did not have secure mobile routing technology**
** ****Did not have “multi-function displays”**
** ****Did not have data warehouses and broadband**
*** ******Did not have a general purpose, multi-application ***_***data channel***_

## The Cockpit of the future.......?

**NASA SATS aircraft interior conceptual drawing**

**...****.digital systems require **_***DIGITAL CONNECTIVITY !***_

## ....or Cockpit of Today !

**Eclipse 500 interior from www.eclipseaviation.com**

## INFORMATION CONNECTIVITY! at ALL altitudes, at ALL times

** ****Reliability and Availability are design goals**
** ****Includes backup provision for data connectivity**
**- Coverage: Ground up, all altitudes**
**- Includes Gulf of Mexico, Oceanic, entire continental U.S., world wide potential**

## FAA Tech CenterAirborne Internet Research LabA.I. Program Goals

**Focal point for A.I. research & development**
**Converge A.I. interests of various parties**
**FAA, NASA, Industry, DoD, TSA, A.I. Consortia**
**3. Collaborate: DoD, TSA, NASA, AI Consortia, Industry**
**4. Pool resources for the common good**
**5. Demonstrate A.I. to stake holders**
**6. Develop A.I. to be Link Independent, Reliable, Available, all classes of aircraft**

## FAA Tech CenterSBIR: Develop Airborne Internet/Collaborative Information Environment Services

***Develop prototype Airborne Internet Web services (XML) to provide information about and relative to Airport/Facility Directory, restricted airspace.***
**Create a Web service based on weather data**
**Create a Web service that contains Airport/Facility Directory information.**
**Create a “restricted airspace” Web service**
**(Now in Tech Eval stage)**

## FAA Tech CenterAirborne Internet Research Lab and the Air Force AFCA

**Scott AFB Visited Tech Center Jan 22, 2004**
**FAATC visited Scott AFB (AFC) Feb 26**
**Met with AFCA Commander **
**Very interested in T.C. Airborne Internet**
**Working with AFCA-Technology Directorate on A.I. development**
**MOA pending, Implementation Plan for A.I. forthcoming**
**Draft IP sent to AFCA**
**AFCA visit to FAA Tech Center : June 23**

## FAA Tech CenterAirborne Internet Research Lab

** ****Integration to TC NAS labs:   ATC, CNS, Simulations, Security**
** ****Six T.C. Aircraft for flight tests**
** ****Application research & development**
**SWIM, CPDLC, etc.**
**Data Compression**
**XML aviation services**
**VoIP, “packet” voice**
**FAMs: video, voice**
**Black Box real time data**
**IP Version 6**
**Weather (sensors/apps)**
**EFB**
**InfoSec**

## FAA Tech CenterAirborne Internet Research Lab 

***Two Different Approaches to A.I.***
**AeroSat – non-satellite, air transport backbone, *****includes GA & ship***
***- High bandwidth, very low cost connectivity***
**PMEI – VHF, multi-mode aviation radio, includes ADS-B, ICAO SARPs compliant, *****includes GA & ship***
***- Medium bandwidth, CNS avionics consolidation***

## AeroSat Airborne Internet DemonstrationBroadband communications over 1000 times as fast as standard 64K satellite service, operating at a small fraction of the cost.

**Range: 300 Miles at 30,000 ft**

**45 Mbps**

**45 Mbps**

**Applications**

***AeroSat Airborne Internet Demonstration***Broadband communications over 1000 times as fast as standard 64K satellite service, operating at a small fraction of the cost.

- Operations and Maintenance:
- 	Engine Monitoring
- 	Crew Communications
- 	Fault Reporting
- 	Diversion Management
- Cabin Services:
- Internet Access
- Programming Distribution

- Air Traffic Management:
- System Capacity (separation)
- Hazardous Weather Avoidance
- Collaborative Decision Making
- Position reporting
- Safety & Security:
- Transportation Security
- Real Time Black Box Transmission
- 	Telemedicine

## Aerosat Airborne Internet Concept

***Aerosat Airborne Internet Concept***

## AeroSat - Airborne InternetNorth Atlantic Flights

**Tues morning, 10:00 am, flights to N. America**
**– ****All aircraft with flight plans**

## AeroSat - Airborne InternetNorth Atlantic Flights

**Tues morning, 10:00 am,  300 mile range ring **
**– ****All aircraft with flight plans**

## Initial Airborne Internet  - PMEI

**Radios are based on ICAO standards**
**Developed with a world-wide concept of operations in mind**
**VHF, Multi-mode capable**
**Peer-to-peer connectivity**
**TCP/IP capable, includes ADS-B**
**Usable by all aircraft, low cost**

## Initial Airborne Internet  - PMEI

***Graphic courtesy of CNS Inc.***

## INDUSTRY EFFORTS IN A.I.

***INDUSTRY EFFORTS IN A.I.***
***The Airborne Internet Consortium***

**Industry sponsored consortium to advance A.I./CIE**
**Develop **_**open**_** standards, GS&Cs**
**Industry funded, Gov’t can contribute**
**7 meetings in the last 15 months (next June 16)**
**Developed an A.I. Work Plan ($30 Million)**
**Public-private collaboration - 501(c)3**
**Microsoft, Boeing-ATM, Aerosat, Northrop Grumman, NASA, FAA, ARINC, SITA, VA SATSLAB, Ohio Univ., and others**

## Network In the Sky

***Ralph Yost***
***Innovations Research Division***
***William J Hughes Technical Center***
***Atlantic City Airport, NJ 08405***
***(609) 485-5637***
***Ralph.Yost@faa.gov***
***http://www.AirborneInternet.com***
***http://www.airborneinternet.net***

***Network In the Sky***
***Every aircraft is a network node***