# Presentation: 803487

## RHIC II

**Scope, Strategy, Plans**

**T. Ludlam**
**RHIC II Spin Physics Workshop**
**Oct. 7, 2005**

## Gold Ion Collisions in RHIC

**RHIC**

**AGS**

**BOOSTER**

**9 GeV/u**
**Q = +79**

**1 MeV/u**
**Q = +32**

**Beam Energy = 100 GeV/u **

## RHIC polarized proton accelerator complex

_***BRAHMS***_

_***STAR***_

_***PHENIX***_

**AGS**

**LINAC**

**BOOSTER**

- Pol. H- Source

- Spin Rotators
- (longitudinal polarization)

- Solenoid Partial Siberian Snake

- Siberian Snakes

- 200 MeV Polarimeter

- AGS Internal Polarimeter

- Rf Dipole

- RHIC pC Polarimeters

- Absolute Polarimeter (H jet)

- AGS pC Polarimeters

**Strong Helical AGS Snake**

- Helical Partial Siberian Snake

_***PHOBOS***_

- Spin Rotators
- (longitudinal polarization)

- Spin flipper

- Siberian Snakes

## The Long Term Vision:   RHIC as a QCD Laboratory

**Facility upgrades:**
**EBIS  ****funded for FY 06 start**
**Detector upgrades  ****first steps underway**
**RHIC II luminosity upgrade -- *****e-cooling***
**eRHIC**

## The Evolution of RHIC

**  ****Processes are in place with the  community to refine and articulate the **_**science**_** **_**goals**_**...**
**  ****RHIC II Science Workshops  ***(like this one)*
**  ****eRHIC Workshops  ***(led by A. Deshpande)*
**  ****Budget issues dominate in the short term**
**  ****It is up to us to make the case in the NP community!**
**i.e. the next Nuclear Physics Long Range Plan**

## The Science Driving RHIC Upgrades

-   **QCD at high temperature and density:****  What is the physics of superdense, strongly-interacting matter?**
**  ****QCD at high energy and low x:****  What is the physics of strong color fields?**
**  ****QCD and the structure of hadrons:****  What is the origin of nucleon spin?**

- Fundamental questions for experiment:
-   Properties of QGP...sQGP
-   Thermalization
-   Deconfinement
-   Connections with E-M plasma properties
-   Properties of gluonic matter
-   Gluon spin in the nucleon
-   Polarization of the quark sea
-   Transverse spin in QCD

- Key Observables

- Crucial measurements
- Compelling new insights
- Unique opportunities

## A Long Term Strategic View

**RHIC**

**RHIC II Construction**

**RHIC Spin**

**eRHIC Constr.**

- Short term upgrades

- Midterm Upgrades

**~2012**

**2008**

- Luminosity & Det.  upgrade

- E beam + new detector

- LHC Heavy Ion

## Future plans for RHIC Machine PerformanceTh. Roser

- Machine goals for next few years with upgrades in progress:
**Enhanced RHIC luminosity (112 bunches, ********* = 1m):**
**Au ****– ****Au: ****	****    8 ******** 10****26**** cm****-2**** s****-1 ****(100 GeV/nucleon) **
**For protons also 2 ******** 10****11**** protons/bunch (no IBS):**
**p******** – p********: ****	****  60 ******** 10****30**** cm****-2**** s****-1****; 70 % polarization (100 GeV)****	****150 ******** 10****30**** cm****-2**** s****-1****; 70 % polarization (250 GeV)**(luminosity averaged over store delivered to 2 IRs)
- EBIS: low maintenance linac-based pre-injector; all species incl. U and pol. He3.   Funded in FY 2006;  Operational in 2010
- RHIC II luminosity upgrade: e-cooling, ~10 **** more luminosity.  R&D in progress

- 2 achieved

- 6 achieved

## RHIC Luminosity Upgrade with Electron Cooling

- Gold collisions (100 GeV/n x 100 GeV/n): 	 w/o e-cooling	with e-cooling
- Emittance (95%) pmm	15  40 	15  3
- Beta function at IR [m]	1.0	1.0  0.5
- Number of bunches	112	112
- Bunch population [109]	1	1  0.3
- Beam-beam parameter per IR	0.0016	0.004
- Ave. store luminosity [1026 cm-2 s-1]	8	70
- Pol. Proton Collision (250 GeV x 250 GeV):
- Emittance (95%) pmm	20	12
- Beta function at IR [m]	1.0	0.5
- Number of bunches	112	112
- Bunch population [1011]	2	2
- Beam-beam parameter per IR	0.007	0.012 ?
- Ave. store luminosity [1032 cm-2 s-1]	1.5	5.0

## Electron-Ion Collider at RHIC: eRHIC

**Electron-Ion Collider at RHIC: eRHIC**

- 10 GeV, 0.5 A e-ring with 1/3 of RHIC circumference (similar to PEP II HER)
- 10 GeV electron beam  s1/2 for e-A :  63 GeV/u;    s1/2 for e-p: 100 GeV
- Electron cooling required for high luminosity e-A and low energy e-p collisions
- Polarized e-He3 (e-n) collisions with EBIS
- Existing RHIC interaction region allows for typical asymmetric detector
- Luminosity: up to 1  1033 cm2s1 per nucleon (1  1034 cm2s1 with linac – ring scheme)

- BNL, MITcollaboration

## STAR Upgrades

**Full Barrel Time-of-Flight system**

**DAQ and TPC-FEE upgrade**

**Forward Meson Spectrometer**

**Integrated Tracking Upgrade**

**HFT pixel detector**

**Barrel silicon tracker **

**Forward silicon tracker**

**Forward triple-GEM EEMC tracker**

***STAR Upgrades***

- TPC

**Magnet**

**Barrel EMC**
**End Cap EMC**

**Beam-Beam Counters**

**Forward ********o**** Det.**

**Photon Mult. Det.**

**FTPC’s**

**VPD’s**
**(TOF Start)**

**ZDC**

## The Upgraded PHENIX Detector

**The Upgraded PHENIX Detector**

_**Charged Particle Tracking:**_
**Drift Chamber**
**Pad Chamber**
**Time Expansion Chamber/TRD**
**Cathode Strip Chambers(Mu Tracking)**
_**Particle ID:**_
**Time of Flight  **
**Ring Imaging Cerenkov Counter**
**TEC/TRD**
**Muon ID (PDT’s)**
**Aerogel Cerenkov Counter**
_**Calorimetry:**_
**Pb Scintillator**
**Pb Glass**
_**Event Characterization:**_
**Multiplicity Vertex Detector (Si Strip,Pad)**
**Beam-Beam Counter**
**Zero Degree Calorimeter/Shower Max Detector**
**Forward Calorimeter**

**SMD/  **

**FCAL**

**Detector Redundancy**
**Fine Granularity, Mass Resolution**
**High Data Rate**
**Good Particle ID**
**Limited Acceptance**

_**Charged Particle Tracking:**_
**Drift Chamber**
**Pad Chamber**
**Time Expansion Chamber/TRD**
**Cathode Strip Chambers(Mu Tracking)**
**Forward Muon Trigger Detector**
**Si Vertex Tracking Detector- Barrel (Pixel + Strips)**
**Si Vertex Endcap (mini-strips)**
_**Particle ID:**_
**Time of Flight **
**Ring Imaging Cerenkov Counter**
**TEC/TRD**
**Muon ID (PDT’s)**
**Aerogel Cerenkov Counter **
**Multi-Resistive Plate Chamber Time of Flight**
**Hadron Blind Detector **
_**Calorimetry:**_
**Pb Scintillator**
**Pb Glass**
**Nose Cone Calorimeter**
_**Event Characterization:**_
**Beam-Beam Counter**
**Zero Degree Calorimeter/Shower Max Detector**
**Forward Calorimeter**
_**Data Acquisition:**_
**DAQ Upgrade**** **

## RHIC Upgrades Overview

| Upgrades | High T QCD.... QGP | Spin | Low-x |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 
PHENIX | e+e-      heavy          jet                  quarkonia
            flavor        tomog. | W     ΔG/G |  |
| Hadron blind detector
Vertex Tracker
Muon Trigger
Forward cal. (NCC) | X
X            X                  O                          O  
                                                                O  
                                   O                          O                         | 
             X  
X
O | 
O

X |
| 
STAR |  |  |  |
| Time of Flight (TOF)
MicroVtx (HFT)
Forward Tracker
Forward Cal (FMS)
DAQ 1000 |                O                  X                           O
               X                                                X
               O

               O                   X                           X | 

X               O
                  O
O               O | 

X
O |
| 
RHIC Luminosity | 
O             O                   X                           X | 
O                O | 
O |

**RHIC Upgrades Overview**

**X****  upgrade critical for success**
**O****  upgrade significantly enhances program**

**A. Drees 4/4/05**

## Detector Upgrades Timeline

| FY 2006 | FY 2007 | FY 2008 | FY 2009 | FY 2010 | FY 2011 | FY 2012 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |

- High statistics Au Au; 500 GeV Spin Runs

- TOF and VTX construction; Muon trigger
-    + “Small” upgrades: HBD, FMS, DAQ

- Mid-Term upgrades

- RHIC Detector R&D

**Detector Upgrades Timeline**
**“****Mid-Term Strategy” presently under discussion**

- LHC Heavy Ion Program

- PHENIX NCC, FVTX;  STAR HFT & Inner Tracker

- RHIC II construction

## The Output from these Workshops...

***A study of physics opportunities for the coming decade***

**Overview and conclusions--  drawn from Working Group Reports**
**	****	****	****	****	****	****-*****writing committee-***

-   What are the Critical Measurements?
-      What compelling new insights will these measurements bring to our understanding of fundamental issues of broad scientific interest?

-   Of these measurements, which ones require detector and/or collider upgrades?  Which ones could be uniquely addressed at RHIC in the LHC era?
-   What unique scientific opportunities would be lost if RHIC were not upgraded?
-  The arc from RHIC to RHIC II to eRHIC

**The Output from these Workshops...**

## Time Scale

**Aim to complete the White Paper document by February 2006**
**  ****This puts it in play for the FY 2008 budget cycle**
**  ****Starting point for 2007 Long Range Plan document**

**Workshop November 11-12 at BNL:**
** “****final” results from Working Groups**
**  ****Writing Committee in place –**
**Lay out document with Working Group convenors**
**  ****Coordinate with PAC Meeting – **
**preliminary reports to PAC Nov. 3-4**