# Presentation: 233004

## Understanding Airport Signs, Markings and Lighting (Part 2) 

**Understanding Airport Signs, Markings and Lighting (Part 2) **
**NOTE:  For additional information on Airport Marking Aids and Signs, refer to the Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM) Chapter 2, Section 3**

**Section 6**

## ILS Critical Area Hold Position Signs & Marking 

**At some airports it may be necessary to hold an aircraft on a taxiway at a location other than at the runway entrance if the ILS is in use.  Holding the taxiing aircraft at the ILS hold point will preclude ILS signal interference with an aircraft on ILS final approach.  **

**ILS Critical Area Hold Position Signs & Marking **

**Remember:  TAXIING AIRCRAFT ARE REQUIRED TO HOLD AT THIS POSITION **_**ONLY**_** IF DIRECTED BY ATC**

## ILS Critical Area Hold Position Signs & Marking (con’t) 

**You are given the following ATC taxi instructions:**
**“****Taxi Runway 18 via Lima, hold short Runway 18 ILS critical area.”**
**1.  At what point on Lima are you expected to stop and hold? **
**2.  Why are you holding on a taxiway?**

- X

- You are here

**ILS Critical Area Hold Position Signs & Marking (con’t) **

**Answer:  You are expected to stop at the ILS hold sign on Taxiway L north of Taxiway B intersection.  ATC has you holding on Taxiway L because the ILS approach corridor for Runway 18 is active.**

## ILS Critical Area Hold Position Signs & Marking (con’t)

**ILS hold position sign**

**ILS hold position marking identifying critical boundary area**

**ILS Glide Slope Transmitter**

**Landing Traffic**
**Runway 18**

**Taxiing Aircraft**
**to Runway 18**

**Chart Annotation**

## ILS Critical Area Hold Position Signs & Marking (con’t)

**TAXIING FOR A RUNWAY 18 DEPARTURE, THIS SIGN WILL BE VISIBLE NORTHBOUND ON TAXIWAY L**
**ILS hold position marking identifying the ILS critical boundary area **

**AFTER LANDING RUNWAY 36, THIS SIGN WILL BE VISIBLE TAXIING SOUTHBOUND ON TAXIWAY L**
**Used only at towered airports to help pilots determine where to report clear of the ILS critical area when requested by ATC. **

**The ILS Hold Sign and the ILS Critical Boundary Sign are mounted “back to back” on the same sign array.**

## Intermediate Holding Position Marking

**Intermediate Holding Position Marking**

**Used only at towered airports to mark the hold point along run-up pads and at some taxiway/taxiway intersections.  The purpose of the marking is to provide wing tip clearance for taxiing aircraft.  Pilots should stop prior to the marking when instructed to hold short of the intersection by ATC.  See next slide for further details**

## 9

**9**

- Intermediate Hold Position Marking

-  **If requested by ATC, stop the aircraft at the intermediate **
**hold position to allow taxiing aircraft the necessary **
**wing tip clearance.**

## No Entry Sign

**No Entry Sign**

**Typically, this sign would be located at the entrance to closed taxiways or an entrance to vehicle roadways where aircraft are not permitted and where the roadway may be mistaken as a taxiway.**

**NOTE: Yellow Cross is optional and may not always be present.**

## Hold Position Markings

**Hold position markings are required to have glass beads and be highlighted in black for contrast on light colored pavement at certified and towered airports.**

**Towered Airports - HOLD unless otherwise instructed by ATC.**

**Non-Towered Airports or TOWERED AIRPORTS WHEN THE TOWER IS CLOSED- Proceed when no traffic conflict exists.**

**Not **
**Highlighted**

** ****Highlighted in **
**Black with **
**Glass Beads**

**“****Glass Bead”- **
**effect at night**

## STOP before the SOLID LINES = SOLID WALL

_**STOP**_** before the SOLID LINES = SOLID WALL**

**RUNWAY**

**Dash through the DASHED LINES**

## You are here.

**Are You Holding Short of a Runway**
**OR**
**Exiting a Runway?**

**Answer:  You are holding short.**

**You are here.**

## Where is the hold position sign?

**Where is the hold position **_**sign**_**?**

***“******How fast was I going?***”

**Where is the hold position **_**marking**_**?**

## When Would You Likely Find Hold Markings Close Together?

**On taxiways between closely spaced runways or on taxiway stubs between closely spaced parallel runways.**

## 4L

**Use caution when approaching closely spaced hold position markings. **

**4L**

**4R**

**If exiting Runway 22R, at which hold line must you stop?**

**Answer:  You must stop at the hold line for Runway 22L/4R, unless ATC clears you to cross.**

**22R**

## You are here.

**You’re operating from a towered airport and are told to“hold short for takeoff.” **
** ****Which hold marking applies?**

**Answer.**

**You are here.**

## Surface Painted Signs

**Surface painted signs are being used on some airports at “high alert intersections” to supplement existing signs.**

**Surface Painted Signs**

## Runway Safety Area Boundary Sign

**Runway boundary signs are located on the back side of runway hold position signs.  These signs are used at some towered airports and help pilots determine when to report clear of the runway when requested by ATC.  Aircraft exiting the runway may not be seen by the tower because of distance or visibility restrictions.   Additionally, these signs provide another visual reference if the hold position marking is obscured by snow or ice.**

**In this particular example, the distance between the Control Tower and Taxiway K is approximately 3500 feet.  During periods of reduced visibility, Taxiway K would not be visible from the tower and ATC may request pilots to then report clear of the runway at Taxiway K.**

## Taxiway and Runway Markings

**Taxiway and runway markings must have glass beads at FAA certificated airports**

**Taxiway-  YELLOW**

**Runway-WHITE**

## Non-Movement Area Boundary Marking

**These boundary markings are only used at TOWERED airports.  **

**Non-Movement Area Boundary Marking**

**K**

**J**

**Apron Side**

**Movement Side**

**ATC CLEARANCE IS REQUIRED TO OPERATE IN THE MOVEMENT AREA **
**(when the tower is operating).**

## Taxiway Edge Markings

**Taxiway Edge Markings**

**Double Dashed**

**Double Continuous**

**Pilots can cross dashed taxiway edge markings.**

**Pavement outboard of continuous double yellow lines is not available for aircraft use.**

## Taxiway Ending Marker

**Taxiway Ending Marker**

**The purpose of the taxiway ending marker is to prevent pilots from taxiing off the end of the pavement at locations where pilots are not expecting the taxiway to end.**

## If you have difficulty reading runway markings or airport signs at a particular airport, contact the Airport Manager or the FAA and report the problem.  Additionally, consider filing a report with NASA’s Aviation Safety Reporting System ( ASRS) form.  Reporting forms can be obtained free of charge from FAA Flight Standards District Offices or Flight Service Stations or directly from NASA’s web site asrs.arc.nasa.gov/immunity.htm

**Safety Tip**

**If you have difficulty reading runway markings or airport signs at a particular airport, contact the Airport Manager or the FAA and report the problem.  Additionally, consider filing a report with NASA’s Aviation Safety Reporting System ( ASRS) form.  Reporting forms can be obtained free of charge from FAA Flight Standards District Offices or Flight Service Stations or directly from NASA’s web site asrs.arc.nasa.gov/immunity.htm**

**End of Section 6.**