# Presentation: 446285

- Douglas Bryman
- University of British Columbia

## Presentation Plan

- KOPIO – Introduction and overview of  expected results
- Theoretical Perspectives on KOPIO (Gino Isidori, INFN)

## Slide 3

## Slide 4

## LOI at JPARC

## Slide 6

## KOPIO Concepts

## Concepts

-  Maximize micro-bunched beam from the AGS
-  Measure everything!  (Energy, Position, Angle, Time)
-  Eliminate extra charged particles or ***photons***
- 	 * KOPIO:  0  inefficiency < 10-8
-  Suppress backgrounds
- 	*  Predict backgrounds *from data*: dual cuts
- 	*  Use “Blind analysis” techniques
- 	*  Test predictions “outside-the-box”
-  Weight candidate events with S/N likelihood function

**Kaon Center of Mass  Measurements**

## Nominal  AGS Beam

- Parameters

**Notes:**
Mostly soft  n < 10 MeV, soft K suppresses bkgs. From hyperons,etc.

## KOPIO Collaboration

*6 countries* *19 institutions* *80 scientists*  *10* *Grad students*

***Arizona State University******  ***J.R. Comfort, *J. Figgins*
***Brookhaven National Laboratory  ***D. Beavis***, ***I-H. Chiang, A. Etkin,  J.W. Glenn,  A. Hanson, D. Jaffe, D. Lazarus,    K. Li, L. Littenberg, G. Redlinger, C. Scarlett, M. Sivertz,  R. Strand
***University of Cinncinnati ***K. Kinoshita
***IHEP******, ******Protvino****** ***G.Britvich, V. Burtovoy, S.Chernichenko, L, Landsberg, A. Lednev, V. Obraztsov, R.Rogalev, V.Semenov, M. Shapkin, I.Shein, A.Soldatov, N.Tyurin, V.Vassil'chenko, D. Vavilov, A.Yanovich
***INR, Moscow*** A. Ivashkin, *D.Ishuk*, M. Khabibullin, A. Khotjanzev, Y. Kudenko, A. Levchenko, O. Mineev,               N. Yershov and *A.Vasiljev*.
***INFN-University of Perugia ***G. Anzivino, P. Cenci, *E. Imbergamo*, A. Nappi,  M. Valdata
***KEK ***M. Kobayashi
***Kyoto University of Education*** R. Takashima
***Kyoto University*** *K. Misouchi, H. Morii*, T. Nomura, N. Sasao, *T. Sumida*
***Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University*** M. Blecher, *N. Graham*, A. Hatzikoutelis
***University of New Mexico*** B. Bassalleck, N. Bruner, D.E. Fields, J. Lowe, T.L. Thomas
***University of Montreal*** J.-P. Martin
*Stony Brook University* N. Cartiglia, *I. Christidi*, M. Marx, P. Rumerio, D. Schamberger
***TRIUMF  ***P. Amaudruz, M. Barnes, E. Blackmore, J. Doornbos, P. Gumplinger,   R. Henderson,  N. Khan,  A. Mitra, T. Numao, R. Poutissou, F. Retiere, A. Sher, G. Wait
***University of British Columbia  *** D. Bryman,  M. Hasinoff, *J. Ives*
***Tsinghua University  ***S. Chen
***University of Virginia*** E. Frlez, D. Pocanic
***University of Zurich *** P. Robmann, P. Trüol, A. van der Schaaf, *S. Scheu*
***Yale University***  G. Atoyan, S.K. Dhawan, V. Issakov, H. Kaspar, A. Poblaguev, M.E. Zeller

## Slide 11

##     Primary detection mode:                   Secondary mode:

*    ****Primary*** detection mode:                   Secondary mode:
- 2 photons covert in preradiator             1 photon in preradiator, 1 in BV

## KOPIO Signal and Background Estimates

- The key features of the KOPIO approach have been established by ***measurements*** supported by simulations
-  Micro-bunching and neutral beam design
-  Photon pointing, energy resolution
-  Vetoing – charged particles and  photons

## Slide 14

## AGS Microbunching Beam test

***Microbunch width                        Interbunch extinction***

- Studied the RF extraction mechanism
- proposed for KOPIO & measured a
- microbunch rms width of 244 ps  --
- KOPIO requires  <300 ps rms

- Measured the inter-bunch extinction ratio
- (flux between bunches/within bunch).
- KOPIO requires ~ 10-3.

- 93 MHz

- 4.5 MHz

## Preradiator 

**64 Layers (4% X****0****/layer, 2.7 X****0****)**
**256 Chambers**
**288 Scintillator Plates (1200 m****2)**
**150,000 Channels Readout**

- 4m

## Extruded

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**Extruded**
**Scintillator &**
**WLS fibers**

**8  mm**

**Cathode strip **
**drift chambers**

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## KOPIO Prototype Measurements

-  – BNL LEGS Tagged Photon Beams

- Preradiator Angular resolution:
-            25 mr at 250 MeV/c

- Simulations agree with measurements.

## Shashlyk Calorimeter

- APD

**Shashlyk modules prototyped**
** ****and tested in beams.**
**Mechanical design in progress**

## Simulation: Combined 

*Simulation*: Combined
- Energy Resolution

- Shashlyk Beam Measurements

## Check for correlations

- Photon Veto Background Suppression

## KOPIO PV Estimates and Simulations based on improved E949 Measurements supplemented by FLUKA calculations

- 1 MeV Visible Energy Threshold

## E949 Single Photon Inefficiency Measurement

- +

- 2

- 1

- _K____2 Decay_

## Catcher

***Aerogel Counter***

- beam

**420**** modules **ofPb-Aerogel counter

## Catcher  R&D

- New Aerogel tiles

**Modules prototyped and**
**     ****tested in beams. **

## Charged Particle Vetoing

-     290

- 10-5

- 10-4

- 10-3

- PSI Measurement
-         *(Preliminary)*

- Data

- MC

- Plastic Scintillator

- Momentum (MeV/c)

## Kinematic Separation of Signal and Backgrounds

-  **Signal**

**Backgrounds**

## Normalization Factors and Uncertainties

-  Losses
- Rate dependent trigger effects
- Signal “self-vetoing”
- Accidental vetoing
- Multiple decays/microbunch
- Additional Uncertainties
-        Flux
- Possible Gains
-        Improved photon efficiency

## Optimized S/B vs. Signal (Events) 

**Events**

**S/B**

## Constraining New Physics

## KOPIO: SM Precision

## Branching Ratio Measurement Precision Estimates

## KOPIO Operations Plan

- 2010 Test Run – partial detector
- 2011 Engineering Run
- 		*“**Discovery phase”: Sensitivity goal:~10**-10*
- 2012-16 Data Acquisition

## Summary and Outlook

## Extras?

## Slide 36

## Slide 37

## Slide 38