# Presentation: 754263

## AT

**Dallas, Texas**
**April 11-12, 2000**

**National Aeronautics and Space Administration**

**Office of Aero-space Technology**

## Agenda

**Agenda**

## Agenda

## Purpose

**Communicate size/scope of proposed NR program**
**Begin program formulation process**
**Listen to partner/customer expectations - where do you need/want noise reduction technology to be in 5 years?**
**Identify technical challenges to achieving expectations**
**Process/steps to resolve/solve technical challenges**

**Purpose**

## Expectations

**Initiate discussions to form basis for final program:**
**Technical content**
**Organization**
**Policies**

## What has happened since last ECoA workshop?

- NASA’s noise reduction effort received $20M FY 2000 augmentation
- UEET program initiated
- Presidents FY 2001 budget contains follow-on noise reduction program
- Quiet Aircraft Technology Program
- $20M/year for 5 years (‘01 through -05)

## FY00 $20M Congressional Augmentation

**FY00 $20M Congressional Augmentation**

## AT

**National Vision for Noise Reduction**

- Chart -

## Impact of Noise Reduction on 2005* O’Hare DNL 55 Noise Contours

**Impact of Noise Reduction on 2005* O’Hare DNL 55 Noise Contours**

- According to EPA Levels Document,  DNL 55 is the outdoor noise exposure level "requisite to protect the public health and welfare with an adequate margin of safety".  The phrase "health and welfare" is defined as "complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity".

_**Vision:**_**  Objectionable aircraft noise contained within airport boundary.**
_**Objective:**_**  Contain DNL 55 noise contour within airport boundary.**
_**Benefit:**_**  For the public good, community noise impact of aircraft largely eliminated, thus enabling a noise constraint-free air transportation system**

**55Ldns**

***Note: After the phase-out of Stage II a/c.**

**55 DNL Noise Contours**

## 2005 Fleet Noise Reduction Requirements for 55 dB Ldn Contour to be within Airport Boundary

**Fleet Noise Reduction, dB**

- According to EPA Levels Document,  DNL 55 is the outdoor noise exposure level "requisite to protect the public health and welfare with an adequate margin of safety".  The phrase "health and welfare" is defined as "complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity".

**55Ldn@A/Pboundary-v2**

**Notes:**
Notes and Speaking Points

Notes - not to be on final graphic
Number are conservative (real NR will be larger)
 INM over predicts by 4- 10 dB
 Marginal Stage 3 a/c not included in analysis

According to EPA Levels Document,  DNL 55 is the outdoor noise exposure
level "requisite to protect the public health and welfare with an adequate
margin of safety".  The phrase "health and welfare" is defined as "complete
physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of
disease and infirmity". They considered that levels not exceeding DNL 55
would not cause activity interference outdoors.  With modest transmission
loss of typical houses, DNL outside would not cause interference indoors
either.

We could say that attainment of DNL of 55 would prevent any normal activity
interference. (Thanks, Andy)

## 2005 A/C Class Noise Reduction Requirements for 55 dB Ldn Contour to be within Airport Boundary

**2005 A/C Class Noise Reduction Requirements for 55 dB Ldn Contour to be within Airport Boundary**

**A/C Class Noise Reduction, dB**

**55Ldn@A/Pboundary-v2**

- According to EPA Levels Document,  DNL 55 is the outdoor noise exposure level "requisite to protect the public health and welfare with an adequate margin of safety".  The phrase "health and welfare" is defined as "complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity".

**Fleet**

**Propeller**

**Narrow Body**

**Wide Body**

## Other Noise Reduction R&D Efforts

**NASA**
**Propulsion Base**
**Airframe Base**
**Information Technology**
**Rotorcraft**
**Other**
**FAA**
**Industry**
**Academia**
**Europe**
**...****?**

## QAT Vision - subject to discussion!

**Develop technology necessary to meet Enterprise 10/25 year NR goals**
**Broad partnership/sharing approach**
**Revolutionary rather than evolutionary**
**Proper near-term/far-term balance?**
**Need sizzle!**
**Develop technology to TRL of 4-5**
**Broad/narrow technical content?**
**Fundamental/applied research balance?**
**Validated physics-based noise prediction models critical to success**
**Cost share with customers/partners to get technology to TRL 5-6**
**Necessarily limited scope**
**Limited to subsonic transport airplanes**
**No rotorcraft noise reduction technology**
**No propeller noise reduction technology**
**No sonic boom reduction technology**
**Small twin, large quad, both, something else?**

## Lessons Learned

- <date/time>

**Lessons Learned**

**  ****Involve/partner with industry early**
**  ****Establish Steering Committee that can advocate/recommend technology advancements**
**  ****Involve/partner with FAA early**
**  ****Establish program and implement as national team**
**  ****Plans should include early successes**
**  ****Perform system level studies to identify highest payoff technical areas**
**  ****Define and get into place necessary contract vehicles early**
**  ****Define quantifiable baseline**
**  ****Technical leaders manage across centers**
**  ****Define program assessment process**
**  ****Maintain element level reserves/contingency**
**  ****Streamline reporting/review process**
**  ****Establish technology transfer/protection policy early**
**  ****Define program metrics, roadmaps, and research plans early**
**  ****Plans should include milestones which support upper level milestones**
**  ****Incorporate into plans program revalidation milestones**
**  ****WBS should follow/support Level I milestones**

## PRINCIPAL ELEMENTS OF ENVIRONMENT PROGRAM

- <date/time>

**Modeling &**
**Integration**

**Emission**
**Reduction**

**PRINCIPAL ELEMENTS OF ENVIRONMENT PROGRAM**

**SYSTEMS**
**INTEGRATION**

## Proposed Quiet Aircraft Technology Work Breakdown Structure

**Proposed Quiet Aircraft Technology Work Breakdown Structure**

**Airframe noise reduction**
**Propulsion/Airframe Aeroacoustics**
**Interior noise reduction**

**Engine source noise reduction**
**Nacelle aeroacoustics**

**Airborne systems**
**Air traffic management**

**Impact modeling**
**Airplane system noise prediction**
**Integration/assessment**

## AT

***Gap Analysis: Technical Challenges, Objectives, and Investment Areas***

**Operations**

**Fan**

**Core**

**Exhaust**

**Liners**

**PAI**

**Weight**

**Aerodynamics**

**Precision trajectories**

**Prec. ground tracks**

**5 dB**

**8 dB**

**4 dB**

**Impact/Effects**

**5 dB AST**

**2 dB Ops**

**3 dB source**

**Operations**

**Airframe Noise**

**Flap**

**Slat**

**Gear**

**Noise Reduction**

## Quiet Aircraft Technology Program

**Advanced Engine Systems**
** ****Reduced broadband fan noise**

**Propulsion/Airframe Aeroacoustics**
** ****Systems approach**

**Advanced Operations**
** ****Community noise impact**

**Distributed Exhaust**
** ****Reduced jet noise**

**Community Noise Impact**
** ****Improved accuracy**
** ****Single event impact**

_**Technologies**_
** ****Flow management**
** ****Active control**
** ****Broadband reduction**
** ****Propulsion/airframe aeroacoustics**
** ****Computational aeroacoustics**
** ****System optimization**
** ****Real time impact model**
** ****Precision noise-minimal trajectories**

**Advanced Airframe Systems**
** ****Reduced flap, slat and gear airframe noise**

## Quiet Aircraft Technology Program Planning Schedule

**April 11-12****	****	****1st QAT Workshop, Dallas**
**May 11-12****	****	****2nd QAT Workshop, Indianapolis**
**May-Sep****	****	****Technical teams do detail planning**
**May/June****	****	****Program Readiness Review**
**July/August****	****	****Non-Advocate Review**
**August/Sep****	****	****3rd QAT Workshop, Hampton**
**September****	****	****Program plans**

**Level 1-3 program plans**
**Research plans**
**Technology transfer policy**
**etc ...**

## Backup Charts

- 	Noise Reduction

**	****Aerospace Vehicle Systems Technology**** **

- Page

## 	Noise Reduction

- Technology Readiness Levels

- 1.	Basic principles observed and reported

- 4.	Component and/or breadboard test in a laboratory environment

- 3.	Analytical and experimental critical function, or characteristic proof-of-concept, or completed design

- 2.	Technology concept and/or application formulated (candidate selected)

- 8.	Actual system completed and flight qualified

- 7.	System prototype demonstrated in flight

- 6.	System/subsystem (configuration) model or prototype demonstration/validation in a relevant environment

- 5.	Component (or breadboard) verification in a relevant environment

- 9.	Operational flight-proven

- Increasing
- Risk

- Government Role

- Industry Role

- 	Noise Reduction

**	****Aerospace Vehicle Systems Technology**** **

- Page

## Goals for Pillar One  Global Civil Aviation

***Seamless integration of air travel***
***into the fabric of society: easily***
***accessible, easily utilized, safe,***
***affordable travel with minimal***
***environmental impact. Customer***
***demands will drive air travel***
***systems, service, and products***

**Goals for Pillar One****  *****Global Civil Aviation***

**	****While maintaining safety, triple the ****	****aviation system throughput, in all ****	****weather conditions, within 10 years**

**Reduce the perceived noise levels  of future aircraft by **_**one half**_**	**** from today’s subsonic aircraft ****	**** within 10 years, and by **_**three**_** **_**quarters**_** within 25 years**

** ****Reduce emissions of future aircraft ****	****by a factor of three within 10 years, ****	****and by a factor of five within 25 years**

** ****Reduce the aircraft accident rate ****	****	****by a factor of five within 10 years, ****	****and by a factor of 10 within 20 years**

**	****Reduce the cost of air travel by 25% ****	****within 10 years, and by 50% within ****	****25 years**

## Global Civil Aviation Noise Goals

**10 dB**

** ****Pillar goals**

**1960**

**	**

**   ****1970**

**	**

**     ****1980**

**	**

** ****1990**

**	**

**	**

**2000**

**	**

**   ****2015**

**	**

**       ****2025**

**Year**

**Global Civil Aviation Noise Goals**

**Technology Level**

**Effective**

**perceived**

**noise**

** **

**level,**

**dB**

**10 dB**

**2007**

**2022**

**1997**

**Time to enter**
**into service**

**20 dB**

## Environment - Noise Benefit

**Goal:  Reduce the perceived noise levels of future aircraft by 1/2 (10 dB) from today’s****1997**** subsonic aircraft within 10 years and by 3/4 (20 dB) within 25 years.**

**For the Public Good:**
** ****Reduce community noise impact**
**Objectable aircraft noise confined within airport boundaries.**
** ****Curfew free, unconstrained operations and growth**
** ****Improved competitiveness**

**Aircraft Noise Reduction Benefit**

## Baseline and Goal Relationships

**Baseline and Goal Relationships**

_**Baseline**_

_**Goals**_

**AST****1992****:  10 dB; 8 dB source noise reduction @ TRL 6; 2 dB operations @ TRL 4**

**AST****1997****:  5 dB source noise reduction @ TRL 6; 2 dB operations @ TRL 4**

**10-year Goal****1997****:  10 dB; requires 5 dB beyond AST; 3 dB source and 2 dB ops @ TRL6**

**20-year Goal****1997****:  20 dB; requires 10 dB beyond 10-year goal; 8 dB source and 2 dB ops @ TRL6**

**(3 dB source reduction translates to 4 dB engine system and 4 dB airframe noise reductions)**

## Two Component Analysis (engine and airframe)

**Business Jet**

**Small Twin**

**Medium Twin**

**Large Quad**

**Average**

**Two Component Analysis (engine and airframe)**

**2companalysis 4/28/98**

## 6 Component Analysis - Method 2

**Business Jet**

**Small Twin**

**Medium Twin**

**Large Quad**

**Average**

**AST targets**

**6 Component Analysis - Method 2**

## Large Quad Six-Component Noise Analysis

**Approach**

**Cutback**

**Sideline**

**Large Quad Six-Component Noise Analysis**

## Benefit of AST Noise Reduction Technology

- Relative to Engine/Airframe Noise Components for 1992 Technology

**1992w/ASTnr**

## 	Noise Reduction

**	****Advanced Subsonic Technology**

**Single Event Noise Reduction to Achieve Minimum Noticeability***

**Takeoff**

**Approach**

- *Minimum noticeability defined as 5 dB above aural detection 4 nm from a/p boundary

**MinNotice**