# Presentation: 674463

## Gender concerns in agricultural census in Africa WCA 2000 

**PRESENTATION OUTLINE**
**Introduction**
**Improved data collection regarding human and socio-economic factors **
**Results from selected countries **

## Gender concerns in agricultural census in Africa

**Introduction**
- Urgent need to overcome general lack of gender specific data:
- WFS, 1996, recognised fundamental contribution women to food security,
- Changing role Government: central decision maker  facilitator of private sector involvement and decentralised decision-making
- Need to respond to recent emergencies: poverty, food insecurity, HIV/AIDS

## Gender concerns in agricultural census in Africa

**Improved data collection regarding human and socio-economic factors**** **
- Gender-sensitive data reflects diverse situation of men and women in the agrarian economy  need to verify gender biases in:
- _Agricultural holding_  concept of sub-holder / field manager
- _Head of Household_  minimum presence of 6 months/year & interviewer training
- _Agricultural labour_: difficulty to distinguish between women’s productive and household activities

## Gender concerns in agricultural census in Africa

**Results from selected countries**** **
- Include need for gender specific data in census objective
- Need for fine-tuning sub-holder concept, training and revision of analytical framework with regard to gender concerns
- Sub-holder concept one of most important innovations in 2000 WCA  allows for intra-household gender analysis of agricultural production
- Data producers and users need further training in gender concepts to increase demand for / use of gender specific data

## Gender concerns in agricultural census in Africa

**Conclusion**
**FIRST** - Need to strengthen capacities of:
- _Statisticians_ for gender explicit analysis of agricultural data
- _Development planners_ use available data for gender specific planning

## Gender concerns in agricultural census in Africa

**Conclusion**
**SECOND –**
- RECOGNITION NEED FOR DATA AT SUB-NATIONAL  LEVEL
- This will illustrate regional differences in:
- Agricultural performance
- Feminisation of agricultural sector  in Africa

## Gender concerns in agricultural census in Africa

**Figure 1 - Sex and age disaggregation of agricultural population – Guinea**
- Source: Recensement national agricole, 2000 - 2001

- Guinea

- Labe Region

## Gender concerns in agricultural census in Africa

| Age group/ Province | Male – female ratio in % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | National |  | Extreme North |  | North |  | Adamaoua |  | East |  | Centre |  | South |  | Littoral |  | South-West |  | North-West |  | West |  |
|  | M | F | M | F | M | F | M | F | M | F | M | F | M | F | M | F | M | F | M | F | M | F |
| 64+ | 54 | 46 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 45 | 55 |
| 55 – 64 | 54 | 46 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 45 | 55 |
| 45 – 54 | 43 | 57 | 46 | 54 | 55 | 45 | 48 | 52 | 44 | 56 | 39 | 61 | 41 | 59 | 46 | 54 | 62 | 38 | 37 | 63 | 34 | 66 |
| 35 – 44 | 41 | 59 | 46 | 54 | 51 | 49 | 31 | 69 | 39 | 61 | 34 | 66 | 42 | 58 | 33 | 67 | 45 | 55 | 44 | 56 | 32 | 68 |
| 25 – 34 | 37 | 63 | 37 | 63 | 33 | 67 | 31 | 69 | 45 | 55 | 42 | 58 | 42 | 58 | 41 | 59 | 48 | 52 | 32 | 68 | 29 | 71 |
| 15 – 24 | 44 | 56 | 48 | 52 | 43 | 57 | 50 | 50 | 44 | 56 | 41 | 59 | 50 | 58 | 46 | 54 | 43 | 57 | 43 | 57 | 38 | 62 |
|   5 – 14 | 51 | 49 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 47 | 53 |
| > 5 ans | 50 | 50 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 50 | 50 |
| National | 47 | 53 | 48 | 52 | 48 | 52 | 49 | 51 | 50 | 50 | 47 | 53 | 48 | 52 | 49 | 51 | 50 | 50 | 46 | 54 | 42 | 58 |

**Table 1 – Distribution of agricultural population by sex, by age group and per province – CAMEROON            **Source: Agricultural census 1984

## Gender concerns in agricultural census in Africa

| Province | Head of holding
Agricultural Census 1984 |  | Head of holding
Agricultural survey ’85 – ‘86 |  | Head of holding
Agricultural survey’89 – ‘90 |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | Female |
| Extreme – North | 91,8 | 8,2 | 91,8 | 8,2 | 92,6 | 7,4 |
| North | 93,2 | 6,8 | 94,7 | 5,3 | 93,6 | 6,4 |
| Adamaoua | 91,0 | 9,0 | 91,5 | 8,5 | 88,1 | 11,9 |
| East | 91,6 | 8,4 | 90,8 | 9,2 | 85,6 | 14,4 |
| Centre | 77,8 | 22,2 | 78,5 | 21,5 | 71,8 | 28.2 |
| South | 84,9 | 15,1 | 81,1 | 18,9 | 71,2 | 28,8 |
| Littoral | 79,1 | 20,9 | 79,9 | 20,1 | 63,2 | 36,8 |
| South-West | 83,9 | 16,1 | 83,1 | 16,9 | 84,6 | 15,4 |
| North – West | 85,4 | 14,6 | 89,1 | 10,9 | 75,4 | 24,6 |
| West | 75,8 | 24,2 | 73,6 | 26,4 | 66 | 34 |
| National | 85,4 | 14,6 | 85,2 | 14,8 | 79,4 | 20,6 |

**Gender concerns in agricultural census in Africa**

**Table 2- Heads of agricultural holdings by sex and per province – CAMEROON**    Source: Agricultural census 1984 ; Agricultural surveys, 1985 – 86 and 1989 – ‘90

## Gender concerns in agricultural census in Africa

**Table 3 - Distribution of areas cultivated by crop and by sex of Head of   Household and Plot Managers** – **BURKINA FASO**
- Source: ENSA 1993, Burkina Faso

_**Impact of introduction of sub-holder concept**_

| Crop | Head of Household/sex (collective cultivation)
% |  | Plot Manager/sex
(individual cultivation)
% |  | Both
% |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | male | female | male | female | male | female |
| Millet | 97 | 3 | 45 | 55 | 87 | 13 |
| Maize | 99 | 1 | 90 | 10 | 89 | 2 |
| Rice | 98 | 2 | 65 | 35 | 85 | 15 |
| Groundnuts | 97 | 3 | 32 | 68 | 54 | 46 |
| Vouandzuo | 96 | 4 | 20 | 80 | 50 | 50 |
| White sorghum | 98 | 2 | 58 | 42 | 90 | 10 |
| Red sorghum | 97 | 3 | 55 | 45 | 91 | 9 |
| (sub) Total | 98 | 2 | 48 | 52 | 86 | 14 |