# Presentation: 509591

## G. Atoian, S. Dhawan, V. Issakov, A. Poblaguev, M. Zeller,

**G. Atoian, S. Dhawan, **_**V. Issakov**_**, A. Poblaguev, M. Zeller,**
***Physics Department, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511***
**G.I. Britvich, S. Chernichenko, I. Shein and A. Soldatov**
***Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia 142284***
**O. Karavichev, T. Karavicheva and V. Marin**
***Institute for Nuclear Research of Russian Academy of Sciences,***
***Moscow, Russia 117312***
***January 2005***

## Purpose of Calorimeter:

***Purpose of Calorimeter:***
** ****High-precision energy (******** 2.5[%]/********E**** ) and timing**
**   ****(******** 80[psec]/********E)**** measurement of photons**
**   ****in an joined Preradiator/Calorimeter system;**
** ****Vetoing of background with high efficiency.**
***Requirements to Calorimeter:***
*** *****Energy resolution   ******** 3.5(%)/********E.**
** ****Time resolution   ******** 100(psec)/********E.**
** ****Photon detection inefficiency**
**  ****(due to holes-cracks)   ******** 10****-4****.**
** ****Granularity  ******** 11********11 cm****2****.**
** ****Active area  ******** 5.6******** 5.6 m****2**** **
** ****Active depth  ********16X****0**** (18X****0**** including Preradiator).**
***Experimental environment:***
** ****Full physical depth***** ********* 150 cm**
*** *****Beam hole - 18******** 2 modules;**
** ****Magnetic field  - up to 500 Gauss**.

## A mass-production cost of Shashlyk module is $676.

| Cross sectional size  | 110110 mm2 |
| --- | --- |
| Total depth (without Photodetector) | 650 mm  |
| Total weight | 18.5 kG |
| Number of layers (Lead+Scintillator) | 300  |
| Scintillator thickness | 1.5 mm |
| Lead absorber thickness | 0.275 mm |
| Gap between scintillator tiles | 0.350 mm |
| Active depth | 15.9 Xo (555 mm)  |
| Effective Xo | 34.9 mm |
| Effective RM | 59.8 mm |
| Type of WLS-fiber and a fiber’s diameter | Y11-200MS, 1.0 mm |
| Effective attenuation length of WLS fiber |  300 cm |
| Fiber spacing | 9.3  9.3 mm2 |
| Holes diameter in Scintillator/Lead tiles | 1.3 mm/1.4 mm  |
| WLS fibers per module | 72  1.5 = 108 m |
| Fiber bundle diameter | 14.0 mm |
| Emission peak of WLS fiber  | ~ 500 nm |
| Effective light yield | ~ 60 photons/MeV |
| External wrapping (TYVEK paper) | 150   |

**Four important innovations**** to reach ********E/E ******** 3%/********E(GeV) are****:**
**  ****New mechanical design ****(sampling term ******** 2.3%/********E )****;**
**  ****New WLS fiber ****(longitudinal fluctuation term ******** 1.1%/********E )****;**
**  ****New scintillator ****(light ~ 60 ph/MeV, nonuniformity term ******** 0.5%)****;**
**  ****New photodetector ****(QE********94%, photo-statistics term ******** 0.7%/********E)****.**

**A mass-production cost of Shashlyk module is $676.**
**A mass-production cost of APD-unit is $671.**

## Test of two nonets of new Calorimeter modules was done at the 220-370 MeV photon beam to study their performance parameters and to compare conventional PMT-readout with new APD-readout; conventional QDC-digitizing of signals with new Wave-Form-Digitizing of signals.

***Test of two nonets of new Calorimeter modules was done at the 220-370 MeV photon beam to study their performance parameters and to compare conventional PMT-readout with new APD-readout; conventional QDC-digitizing of signals with new Wave-Form-Digitizing of signals.***

## The best results were achieved 

_**The best results were achieved **_
_**for the calorimeter prototype  with APD/WFD readout:**_

|  Energy resolution  |  (2.9±0.1)%E(GeV).  |
| --- | --- |
|  Time resolution  |  (90±10)psec E(GeV). |
|  Photon detection inefficiency |  510-5 (for incident beam angle  5 mrad ). |
|  APD gain stability |  1% (for tested period of 24 hours). |

## Design is similar to E865 experiment

***Two specific requirements on the support calorimeter structure:***
**The rear of the Calorimeter must be accessible for installation and maintenance of the photodetectors.**
**           ****Two halves of the Calorimeter must be horizontally movable to a point where these procedures are accessible.**
**The modules directly over the beam pipe must be supported such that their weight is not on this pipe.**
**           ****Two special-hanging cages, each of which is supporting 225 modules (~4,500 kG) above the beam-pipe.**

**Design is similar to E865 experiment**

## Summer 2005

_**Summer 2005**_
**      ****Construction and test of 5********5 pre-production modules array with the final version of module’s instrumentation.**** ****This prototype will be employed to test the performance of the pre-production modules and to adjust the specification for the: High-Voltage; Pre-calibration; Monitoring and WF-digitizing calorimeter systems.**
_**Summer 2006**_
**       ****Construction and test of 10********10 mass-production modules array with appropriate pre-production prototypes of the Cooling, High-Voltage, Pre-calibration, Monitoring and WF_digitizing systems.**
**       ****In collaboration with those responsible for the Preradiator and DAQ-system, this prototype will be employed to study the energy and timing performance of a joined Calorimeter/Preradiator system and the performance characteristics of the DAQ-system prototype.**** **

## Slide 8

## Clear page

## (i) Sampling, (ii) longitudinal fluctuation, (iii) photo-statistics, and (iv) light collection uniformity.

**3-rd generation: ********E/E ******** 4%/********E(GeV). The main directions for improving of the energy resolution up to 3%/********E(GeV) are:**
**(i) Sampling, (ii) longitudinal fluctuation, (iii) photo-statistics, and (iv) light collection uniformity.**

_**New mechanical design (sampling **__****__** 2.3%/**__****__**E[GeV] )**_
**A very fine “sampling” structure of Shashlyk module - 300 alternating layers of 275 ********m thick lead tiles and 1.5 mm thick scintillator tiles with “LEGO” type locks. These locks fix the position of the scintillator tiles with the 350 ********m gaps, providing a sufficient room for the lead tiles without optical contact between lead and scintillator. ****Compared to previous designs, the sampling ratio was improved by factor of 1.25, the hole-crack and area was reduced up to 1.6 %, the effective radiation length X****0**** was reduced up to 3.5 cm. The module mechanical properties - dimensional tolerances and constructive stiffness were significantly improved.**** **

_**New scintillator (light ~ 60 ph/MeV**__** **__**, nonuniformity **__****__** **__**0.5%**__**)**_
**Molding scintillator (BASF143E+1.5%pTP+0.04%POPOP produced by IHEP) with improved optical transparency and  improved surface quality. ****The light yield is ~ 60 photons per 1 MeV of  incident photon energy. Nonuniformity of  light response across the module is <2.3% for a point-like light source, and  < 0.5% if averaged over the photon shower.**** **

_**New photodetector (photo-statistics **__****__** **__**0.7%/**__****__**E[GeV] **__**)**_
**A 16 mm diameter APD (630-70-74-510 produced by *****Advanced Photonix Inc.*****) with high quantum efficiency (~93%), high gain (~200), low excess noise factor (~2.4), good photo-cathode uniformity (nonuniformity ******** 3%) and good short-long term stability. ****The effective light yield of a module became ~55 photoelectrons per 1 MeV of the incident photon energy resulting in negligible photo-statistic contribution to the energy resolution.**** **

_**New WLS fiber (longitudinal fluctuation **__****__** 1.1%/**__****__**E[GeV] )**_
**An attenuation length of the WLS fiber is related directly to the longitudinal fluctuations of electromagnetic showers. ****To suppress this contribution to energy resolution up to 1%, the effective attenuation length in WLS-fibers must be greater than 3 m. Only new KURARAY Y11(200)MS fiber with effective attenuation length of 3.1 m satisfies this requirement. Also, its light reemitting efficiency is factor of 1.5 bigger than the same one for any Bicron WLS fiber.**

## Optical model prediction - both effective attenuation length and light collection efficiency

| Scintillator: PS+Fluor1+Fluor2,
Manufacturer | Light yield
(% of Anthracene) | Attenuation
Length (cm) | Light yield of MIP,
p.e. per tile | Simulated light collection efficiency |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| PSM115+1.5%pTP+0.04%POPOP,
TECHNOPLAST, 1998 | 53  6 | 4.0  0.4  | 4.4  0.3,
100% | 0.134  0.013,
100% |
| BASF158K+1.5%pTP+0.04%POPOP,
IHEP, 2001 | 56  6
 | 5.1  0.6 | 5.6  0.3,
(127  10)% | 0.170  0.017,
(127  13)% |
| BASF165H+1.5%pTP+0.04%POPOP,
IHEP, 2001 | 56  6
 | 6.1  0.6 | 6.4  0.3
(145  10)% | 0.191  0.019,
(143  14)% |
| BASF143E+1.5%pTP+0.04%POPOP,
IHEP, 2002 | 54  6
 | 6.8  0.5 | 7.1  0.3,
(161  10)% | 0.215  0.021,
(160  16)% |

**Optical model prediction - both effective attenuation length and light collection efficiency**
**in the scintillator tile strongly depend on the surface refection efficiency.**

**0.93**

**0.95**

**0.96**

**0.97**

## For both photo readout of Shashlyk calorimeter, PMT and APD, ENC(Phdet) is negligible small due to their high gains.

**Photo-electron statistics.**

**Q is quantum efficiency and F is excess noise factor (F ******** 1.5 for PMT, F ******** 2.4 for APD).**

**For both photo readout of Shashlyk calorimeter, PMT and APD, ********ENC****(Phdet) is negligible small due to their high gains.**

**APD over PMT**

**This term in the energy resolution describes fluctuation of the light-to-photoelectron conversion process. **

## Slide 13

## Studied prototypes 

_**Studied prototypes **_
**1st prototype of 3********3 modules:**
** ****The conventional design of modules (with paper between lead and scintillator); **
** ****A 30 mm diameter****  9903B PMT *****(Electron Tube Inc.)*****;**
** ****The conventional 12-bits ADC digitizing of the PMT signal.**
**2nd prototype of 3********3 modules:**
** ****New design of modules (no paper between lead and scintillator); **
** ****A 16 mm diameter ****630-70-74-510 APD *****(Advanced Photonix Inc.)*****;**
** ****An 8-bits 140 MHz WFD and 12-bits ADC digitizing of the APD signal.**
_**Measurements**_
** ****Beam intensity was ~ 3********10****5**** Hz. **
** ****Triggered photon energy was in the range 220 - 370 MeV. **
** ****Beam angle spread was ~ 2 mrad.**
** ****Diameter of the beam spot at the prototype was  ~ 1.5 cm.**
** ****Photon energy spread  was ********E/E ********1.5%  (for the triggered monochromatic photon energy line).**

**Two KOPIO calorimeter prototypes**** were tested at the Laser Electron Gamma Source (LEGS) facility at BNL NSLS.**** **

** ****The energy resolution**** was measured for both prototypes with the beam in the center of nonet.**
** ****The time resolution**** was studied for the 2nd prototype (with WFD only), comparing timing in two modules when the beam is between the two.**
** ****The photon detection inefficiency**** was measured by the detecting photons in  Prototype 1 located behind Prototype 2.**

** ****The stability of the Calorimeter signals**** was tested by a LED monitoring system during the 24-hours measurements**

## Experiment vs GEANT/OPTIC simulation

**The simulation of the Shashlyk calorimeter in KOPIO is based on a GEANT3  description of the development of the electromagnetic shower, and an Optical Model for the simulation of the light collection in the scintillator tile. The ****GEANT3**** part of the simulation includes a detailed description of the geometry of the Shashlyk module. Calculations are performed with low energy cuts 10 KeV and with delta-ray simulations to obtain consistency with experimental results. The ****Optical Model**** uses the tracking of the single photons in the scintillator tile. The parameters which customize the model, such as attenuation lengths, reflection efficiencies, the probability of photon capture in the fiber, were adjusted using optical measurements. The effects of ****light-to-photoelectron conversion and noise of the photodetector-amplifier chain**** were also taken into account. **
**The results of the simulation of the energy resolution are in excellent agreement with the experimental measurements in a range of photon and positron energies 0.25 - 2.0 GeV.**

**Experiment vs GEANT/OPTIC simulation**

## Development of the photodetector cooling system

**A tested prototype of the cooling system has provided the APD noise of 0.5 MeV (at 18****o****C).**
**New one will provide the APD noise of 0.2 ******** 0.3 MeV (at 10****o****C).**

_**Development of the photodetector cooling system**_

## Calorimeter HV system

**Calorimeter HV system**

_**Development of the photodetector HV system**_

**      **

**Basic unit**** of the HV system will be a new **_**commercial**_** LV-HV converter ****(C20  produced by EMCO) with analog control via ****a **_**commercial**_** 12-bits D/A converter ****(XIP-TVME200/XIP-5220, produced by Xycom Inc.). ****Expected cost of HV system per channel is ~ $140.**

**A sample of the APD HV  "built-in" unit with a new LV-HV converter was tested. **

| Input Voltage | 11.5 to 16 V |
| --- | --- |
| Input current | < 150 mA |
| Control Voltage  | 0 to 5 V |
| Output Voltage | 0 to 2000 V |
| Output current | 0 to 0.5 mA |
| Ripple at a full load | < 0.002% |

## Calorimeter Front End Electronic

** **_**Development of Calorimeter FEE**_

**      **

**New design of ****the 10-bit & 250 MHz WFD ****(Maxim MAX1124 FADC) will be tested at spring of 2005.**
**Preliminary test of ****a fast low-noise clipping amplifier**** has been done. The test results are very promised.**

## Calorimeter pre-calibration system

**       **

_**Development of the pre-calibration system**_
**Our E865 experience shows that the cosmic ray calibration of “Shashlyk” calorimeter is a very effective tool:**
**   ****Fast and reliable adjustment of HV.**** **
**   ****Calorimeter pre-calibration with accuracy better than 4%.**
**   ****Online monitoring of the gain with accuracy better than 1%.**
**Calorimeter cosmic ****muon trigger requires**** the hits in at least 6 horizontal rows of Calorimeter. For this**
**trigger’s purpose each sixth row of Calorimeter will be instrumented with the low-threshold discriminators**
**(****384 channels of V814 produced by CAEN****).**

**A 32-channel pre-calibration system  will be built and tested with the new Calorimeter prototype.**

**~70 MeV**

**E865**

**E865**

**E865**

## Calorimeter monitoring system

_**Development of the LED monitoring system**_

| Specification of LED monitoring system |  |
| --- | --- |
| Temperature stability |  0.1% |
| Duration of the light pulse |  20 nsec |
| Variation of the flash amplitude |  0.1 %; |
| Photon intensity |  10,000 p./ch. |
| Pulse rate | Up to 1 MHz |

**A 128-channel LED monitoring system  will be built and tested with the new Calorimeter prototype.**

## Clear page

## Calorimeter System includes:

**Calorimeter System includes:**
_**Mockup of Calorimeter System**_** - ****the complete-equipped prototype of Calorimeter system (****16********8 modules)****, to study ****the performance parameters of the Preradiator/Calorimeter system, to develop DAQ and the pattern recognition algorithms.**
_**Photon Calorimeter**_** – the matrix of the 52********52 APD-instrumented modules with a beam hole of 18********2 modules , Calorimeter mechanics (including two mobile halves of Calorimeter frame, Calorimeter railways and Calorimeter installation/service equipment) &  Calorimeter cooling system.**
_**Instrumentation of Photon Calorimeter**_** - Calorimeter High-Voltage control system, Calorimeter LV power supply system, Calorimeter “cosmic-ray” Pre-calibration System, Calorimeter Monitoring/Calibration System, Calorimeter WFD-readout System.**
_**The cable system of Photon Calorimeter**_** ****– 3,172 signal cables, 2704 HV control cables & 2704 ********3 LV power supply cables. **

## *) Support of the FTE eng./scientists: KOPIO - $1,188k, IHEP - $375k, YALE - $1,030k.

| WBS # | Description | Sub. | Mat. | EDIA | Lab. | Tot. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1.2.3 | Cost of Calorimeter System (CS)  | 1,227 | 3,249 | 2,593* | 2,209 | 9,278 |
|  | YALE Contribution (DOE)  | 0 | 0 | 1,030 | 0 | 1,030 |
|  | IHEP Contribution** (RUSSIA)  | 0 | 0 | 375 | 5 | 380 |
|  | KOPIO Contribution (NSF)  | 1,227 | 3,249 | 1,188 | 2,204 | 7,868 |
| 1.2.3.1 | Mockup of the CS (The complete-equipped matrix of 128-modules to study the Performance Parameters of CS)  | 38 | 188 | 42 | 92 | 360  |
| 1.2.3.2 | Photon Calorimeter (2704 APD-instrumented modules, Calorimeter mechanics & Cooling system)  | 60 | 2,480 | 113 | 1,759 | 4,412  |
| 1.2.3.3 | Instrumentation of Photon Calorimeter (2704 channels of HV-control, monitoring, calibration & WFD-readout electronics) | 779 | 491 | 46 | 109 | 1,425  |
| 1.2.3.4 | Shipping of Photon Calorimeter (Shipping formula: 600 mod.  3, Mechanics, 904 mod.)   | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100  |
| 1.2.3.5 | Assembly & Test of the delivered modules (APD/mod. assembly, mech. & optical tests, a “cosmic-ray” calibration) | 60 | 30 | 135 | 67 | 292  |
| 1.2.3.6 | Installation of Photon Calorimeter (modules into frames, monitoring-calibration system, readout electronics) | 0 | 0 | 66 | 120 | 186  |
| 1.2.3.7 | Cabling of Photon Calorimeter (Production and installation of cables)  | 70 | 60 | 18 | 57 | 205  |
| 1.2.3.8 | Commission of CS (The mechanical & “cosmic-ray” tests of the full-loaded CS)  | 0 | 0 | 35 | 0 | 35  |
| 1.2.3.9 | Scientific-technical coordination & management,
Travel | 120 | 0 | 733 | 0 | 853  |

***) Support of the FTE eng./scientists: KOPIO - $1,188k, IHEP - $375k, YALE - $1,030k.**
****) IHEP contribution in past: Scintillator factory (~$3,000k), Test facility (~$200k). **

## *) Production cost of Calorimeter mockup is $360k. Support of the FTE scientists for study of Calorimeter mockup performance is $187k (Yale – $145k, KOPIO – $42k).

| WBS # | Description | Sub. | Mat. | EDIA | Lab. | Tot. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1.2.3.1 | Mockup of the CS (The complete-equipped matrix of 128-modules to study the Performance Parameters of CS)  | 38 | 188 | 42 | 92 | 360* |
| 1.2.3.1.1 | Fabrication of 100 “mass-production” modules  | 0 | 34 | 0 | 41 | 75 |
| 1.2.3.1.2 | Instrumentation of 100 “mass-production” modules by APD units (APD, preamplifier, LV-HV converter)  | 0 | 112 | 0 | 11 | 123 |
| 1.2.3.1.3 | Production of the mockup mechanics
(Frame & Rotating lift-platform)  | 0 | 13 | 3 | 13 | 29 |
| 1.2.3.1.4 | Prototype of the cooling system
(Refrigerating-circulator & Heat-exchanger)  | 0 | 7 | 2 | 5 | 14 |
| 1.2.3.1.5 | Prototype of the HV control system
(D-A converters for control of APD HV-chips)  | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 16 |
| 1.2.3.1.6 | Prototype of the “cosmic-ray” pre-calibration system
(LTD & Trigger logic, CAMAC)  | 0 | 0 | 5 | 5 | 10 |
| 1.2.3.1.7 | Prototype of the monitoring-calibration system 
(LED-flash system & Fiber optics)  | 0 | 6 | 0 | 7 | 13 |
| 1.2.3.1.8 | Production of the readout system prototype 
(10-bit & 250 MHz WFDs, VXI or VME)  | 23 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 23 |
| 1.2.3.1.9 | Shipping of the Calorimeter mockup  | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| 1.2.3.1.10 | Test & Study of Calorimeter mockup performance  | 5 | 0 | 32 | 10 | 47 |

***) Production cost of Calorimeter mockup is $360k. Support of the FTE scientists for study of Calorimeter mockup performance is $187k (Yale – $145k, KOPIO – $42k).**

## *) Additional IHEP support of the FTE scientists for supervision and tests of modules, APD-units &

| WBS # | Description | Sub. | Mat. | EDIA | Lab. | Tot. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1.2.3.2 | Photon Calorimeter (2704 APD-instrumented modules, Calorimeter mechanics & Cooling system)  | 60 | 2,480 | 113* | 1,759 | 4,412 |
| 1.2.3.2.1 | Design of Photon Calorimeter
(Conceptual design & detailed drawings)  | 0 | 0 | 42 | 0 | 42 |
| 1.2.3.2.2 | Modification of test-equipment & the production tool for the mass-production cycle  | 60 | 25 | 0 | 17 | 102 |
| 1.2.3.2.3 | Fabrication of 2672 “regular” Calorimeter modules  | 0 | 697 | 0 | 1111 | 1,808 |
| 1.2.3.2.4 | Instrumentation of 2672 “regular” Calorimeter modules by APD units (APD, preamplifier, LV-HV converter)  | 0 | 1,575 | 0 | 290 | 1,865 |
| 1.2.3.2.5 | “Cosmic ray” test of 2672 instrumented “regular” Calorimeter modules  | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24 | 24 |
| 1.2.3.2.6 | The production of “special” Beam-Liner modules
(32 APD-instrumented modules)  | 0 | 63 | 6 | 27 | 96 |
| 1.2.3.2.7 | Photon Calorimeter mechanics
(Frame, cooling & railway systems, service-equipment, etc.)  | 0 | 120 | 65 | 290 | 475 |

***) Additional IHEP support of the FTE scientists for supervision and tests of modules, APD-units &**
**   ****APD-instrumented modules is $330k.**

## Module’s production rate is 6 modules/shift

| Materials, Labor | Cost |
| --- | --- |
|  Materials |  $259.58 |
| 1. 300 scintillator tiles |  $36.53 |
| 2. 300 lead tiles | $65,55 |
| 3. Assembling parts | $37,00 |
| 4. 108 m of WLS fiber
(Kuraray Y11-200MS-1mm) | $108.00 |
| 5. Packing box | $12.50 |
| Labor | $245.40 |
| 1. Molding of the scintillator tiles | $108.00 |
| 2. Stamping of the lead tiles | $122.40 |
| 3. Formation of the WLS fibers | $15.00 |
| Assembling & Testing | $171.00 |
| 1. Assembling of module | $126.00 |
| 2. Test of module | $36.00 |
| 3. Packing of module | $9.00 |
| Total  | $675.98 |

**Module’s production rate is 6 modules/shift**

**The module’s design includes 15 assembling details**

## Cost of the module’s instrumentation (APD-unit) 

| Materials, Labor | Cost |
| --- | --- |
|  Materials |  $563.00 |
| 1. A 16 mm diameter, blue, windowless APD |  $425.00 |
| 2. A charge-sensitive preamplifier  | $25.00 |
| 3. A LV-HV converter, capacitors and resistors | $94.00 |
| 4. Assembling parts | $19,00 |
| Labor | $45.00 |
| 1. HV PC-board | $5.00 |
| 2. Preamplifier PC-board | $5.00 |
| 3. APD’s PC-board | $5.00 |
| 4. Mechanic of APD cage | $30.00 |
| Assembling & Testing | $63.00 |
| 1. Assembling of the APD unit | $54.00 |
| 2. Test of the APD unit | $4.50 |
| 3. Packing of the APD unit | $4.50 |
| Total | $671.00 |

**Cost of the module’s instrumentation (APD-unit)**

**Production rate of APD-unit is 6 units/shift**

_**Quoted price of the LV-HV **_
**Model: C20**
**Quantity: 3,000**
**Unit Price: $ 79.00**
**John Bianchi  **
**EMCO High Voltage Corp.****11126 Ridge Road****Sutter Creek, CA 95685, USA****Phone: (209) 223-3626**_[www.emcohighvoltage](http://www.emcohighvoltage.com/)__[.com](http://www.emcohighvoltage.com/)_** **

_**Quoted price of APD**_
**Model: SD630-70-74-510**
**Quantity: 3,000**
**Unit Price: $ 425.00**
**Paul Sharman **
**Advanced Photonix, Inc.****1240 Avenida Acaso**
**Camarillo, CA 93012, USA****Phone: (805) 987-0146****www.advancedphotonix.com**

##    Requirement for the PMT instrumentation is low magnetic field (< 100 Gauss) into the PMT-location volume.

| Materials, Labor | Cost |
| --- | --- |
|  Materials |  $476.00 |
| 1. A 30 mm diameter, green-extended PMT & PMT socket |  $198.00 |
| 2. A charge-sensitive preamplifier  | $25.00 |
| 3. A LV-HV converter, PMT base, capacitors and resistors | $124.00 |
| 4. Assembling parts, including antimagnetic shielding | $129,00 |
| Labor | $45.00 |
| 1. HV PC-board | $5.00 |
| 2. Preamplifier PC-board | $5.00 |
| 3. APD’s PC-board | $5.00 |
| 4. Mechanic of APD cage | $30.00 |
| Assembling & Testing | $63.00 |
| 1. Assembling of the APD unit | $54.00 |
| 2. Test of the APD unit | $4.50 |
| 3. Packing of the APD unit | $4.50 |
| Total | $584.00 |

**Cost of the module’s instrumentation (PMT-unit)**

**Production rate of PMT-unit is 6 units/shift**

**   ****Requirement for the PMT instrumentation is low magnetic field (< 100 Gauss) into the PMT-location volume.**
**   ****Cost economy is $230k (~ 3% of total Calorimeter system cost)**
**   ****Energy resolution will be 3.5%/********E, instead 3.0%/********E **

## HV control system for control of APD HV-units. System includes 2704 programmable D-A VME converters. A base unit is a commercial 12-bits D/A converter (XIP-TVME200/XIP-5220, produced by Xycom Automation Inc.).

| WBS # | Description | Sub. | Mat. | EDIA | Lab. | Tot. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1.2.3.3 | Instrumentation of Photon Calorimeter (2704 channels of HV-control, monitoring, calibration & WFD-readout electronics) | 779 | 491 | 46 | 109 | 1,425 |
| 1.2.3.3.1 | Calorimeter HV control system
(2740 D-A converters for control of APD HV-units)  | 0 | 196 | 0 | 0 | 196 |
| 1.2.3.3.2 | Calorimeter  “cosmic-ray” pre-calibration system
(LTD & Trigger logic, VME/VXI)  | 0 | 187 | 0 | 0 | 187 |
| 1.2.3.3.3 | Calorimeter monitoring-calibration system
(2740 channels of LED-flash system)  | 0 | 51 | 10 | 109 | 170 |
| 1.2.3.3.4 | Calorimeter readout electronics
(10-bit & 250 MHz WFDs, PCI or VXI)  | 779 | 0 | 36 | 0 | 815 |
| 1.2.3.3.5 | Calorimeter LV power supply & Racks for Electronics  | 0 | 57 | 0 | 0 | 57 |

_**HV control system**_** ****for control of APD HV-units****. System ****includes ****2704 programmable D-A VME converters. ****A base unit is a **_**commercial**_** 12-bits D/A converter (XIP-TVME200/XIP-5220, produced by Xycom Automation Inc.).**
**The production cost per channel is ~ $72.**
_**“**__**Cosmic-ray” pre-calibration system**_** ****for adjustment of APD HV, the Calorimeter pre-calibration (accuracy better than 4%) and online long-term monitoring of the APD gain (accuracy better than 1%).**** ****System ****is based on detection of signals from the “cosmic-ray muons”, vertically traversing Calorimeter modules, and includes 468  programmable**** ****Low-Threshold Discriminator & Trigger Programmable Logic. A base units are the **_**commercial**_** LTD & TPL (V814 & V495, produced by CAEN).**
**The production cost per channel is ~ $69.**
_**Monitoring-calibration system**_** ****for ****online short-term monitoring of the APD gain & timing. ****System ****is based on the "ultrabright LED-lamps" with an electronic method of stabilization of the light output and includes 44 special LED modules. **_**The similar system has been developed and tested for LHCb project**_**. We propose to adapt  the LHCb system for our project.**
**The production cost per channel is ~ $63.**
_**Calorimeter readout electronics**_** ****include 176 WFDs boards ****and 12 crate-collector boards.**
**The production cost per channel is ~ $301.**

## “Cosmic ray” test & pre-calibration of the delivered module Procedure includes the accumulation of data-base for APD-instrumented Calorimeter modules

| WBS # | Description | Sub. | Mat. | EDIA | Lab. | Tot. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1.2.3.5 | Assembly & Test of the delivered modules (APD/mod. assembly, mech. & optical tests, a “cosmic-ray” calibration) | 60 | 30 | 135* | 67 | 292 |
| 1.2.3.5.1 | Complete assembling, mechanical/optical test of the delivered modules | 60 | 20 | 66 | 33 | 179 |
| 1.2.3.5.2 | “Cosmic ray” test & pre-calibration of the delivered modules | 0 | 10 | 69 | 34 | 113 |

_**“**__**Cosmic ray” test & pre-calibration of the delivered module**_** ****Procedure includes the ****accumulation**** ****of data-base for APD-instrumented Calorimeter modules**

***) Additional YALE support of the FTE scientists for supervision and tests of modules, APD-units &**
**   ****APD-instrumented modules is $370k.**

## Installation of The Calorimeter Mechanics (for R. Brown) 

| WBS # | Description | Sub. | Mat. | EDIA | Lab. | Tot. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1.2.3.6 | Installation of Photon Calorimeter (modules into frames, monitoring-calibration system, readout electronics) | 0 | 0 | 66* | 120 | 186 |
| 1.2.3.6.1 | Installation of modules into Calorimeter frame  | 0 | 0 | 24 | 37 | 61 |
| 1.2.3.6.2 | Installation and testing of monitoring and calibration system
(44 LED boards & LV power supply, 2704 optical cables)  | 0 | 0 | 24 | 18 | 42 |
| 1.2.3.6.3 | Installation and testing of 2704 readout-electronics channels
(12 mainframes & controllers, 12 collector boards & 176 readout boards)  | 0 | 0 | 18 | 65 | 83 |

| WBS # | Description | Sub. | Mat. | EDIA | Lab. | Tot. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1.2.3.6.3 | Installation of Railway and Cabling systems | 0 | 0 | 0 | 27 | 27 |
| 1.2.3.6.4 | Installation of Calorimeter support frame | 0 | 0 | 0 | 81 | 81 |
| 1.2.3.6.5 | Installation of Assembling and Service system | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 13 |
| 1.2.3.6.6 | Installation of the power supply on the Calorimeter top | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 10 |
| 1.2.3.6.7 | Installation of the electronic racks on the Calorimeter top | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 10 |

***Installation of The Calorimeter Mechanics (for R. Brown)***** **

***) Additional YALE support of the FTE engineer & scientists for supervision and tests is $179k.**

## NSF Contribution

| 1. | The old base cost for the Calorimeter System has been estimated for TDR-2001 as  |  | $4,698k  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2. | The new base cost for the Calorimeter system (NSF Contribution) has been estimated for WBS-2004 as  |  | $7,868k  |
| 3. | The Calorimeter cost has risen due to:  |  |  |
| a) | The increasing of the Calorimeter size
(5252 modules instead of 4848 modules) |  | $673k |
| b) | The input of the new additional expenses for:  |  |  |
|  |   Mockup of Calorimeter System
    (the former R&D program) |  | $360k |
|  |   The Wave-Form-Digitizing readout electronics
    (the former item - 2.11.2.1) |  | $815k |
|  |   Management & Supervision of Subsystem
   (a new required item) |  | $733k |
|  |   Support of IHEP group at BNL
   (a new required item) |  | $469k
 |
|  |   Travel support
    (a new required item)  |  | $120k |

**NSF Contribution**

## The complete risk-factor of CS is “low-middle” (Well-approved technology)

| WBS #  | Description  | Maximal risk factor  |  |  |  | Max. weight factor  |  |  | Base | Cont  | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  | Tech | Cost  | Sched. | Design | Tech | Cost  | S/D  | k$ | % | k$ |
| 1.2.3 | Calorimeter System (CS) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 7,868 | 24.0 | 9,755 |
| 1.2.3.1 | Mockup of CS  | 4
WFD | 10
Ship | 4
Test | 4
WFD | 4
WFD | 2
Ship | 1 | 360 | 18.0 | 425 |
| 1.2.3.2 | Photon Calorimeter  | 4
APD | 10
APD | 8
APD | 15
Liner | 4
APD | 2
APD | 1 | 4,412 | 25.1 | 5,521 |
| 1.2.3.3 | Calorimeter Instrumentation | 4
WFD | 4
WFD | 8
HV | 4
WFD | 2
WFD | 2
WFD | 1 | 1,425 | 22.7 | 1,748 |
| 1.2.3.4 | Shipping of Photon Calorimeter | 0 | 10 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 100 | 24.0 | 124 |
| 1.2.3.5 | Pre-installation test of modules | 0 | 10 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 292 | 24.0 | 362 |
| 1.2.3.6 | Installation of CS | 2 | 4 | 8 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 186 | 20.0 | 224 |
| 1.2.3.7 | Cabling of CS | 2 | 4 | 8 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 205 | 20.0 | 246 |
| 1.2.3.8 | Commissioning CS | 2 | 4 | 8 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 53 | 20.0 | 42 |
| 1.2.3.9 | Scientific & tech. support of CS | 0 | 10 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 853 | 22.0 | 1,041 |

**The complete risk-factor of CS is “low-middle” (Well-approved technology)**
**The complete contingency of Calorimeter system is 24%.**
** ****Maximal technical risk factor is 4 (New design, nothing exotic) **
** ****Maximal cost risk factor is 10 (Top-down estimate from analogous program) **
** ****Maximal schedule risk factor is 10 (Delays completion of critical path item) **
** ****Maximal design risk factor is 15 (Concept only) **

## Calorimeter System schedule

**Calorimeter System schedule**

## Calorimeter-system spending-profile

**Calorimeter-system spending-profile**

## Calorimeter-system spending-profile

**Calorimeter-system spending-profile**

## Slide 37

## References

**KOPIO collaboration,***** ***_***“ ***__**Measurement of the decay K**__**0 **__****__** **__****__** **__****__**”**_**,***** *****Technical Design Report for the National Science foundation, June 06, 2001, page 53.**
**G. S. Atoian et al,, **_**“ Preliminary Research for Shashlyk Calorimeter for E926 ”**_** , KOPIO TN015, 15 June 1999, physics/0310047. .**
**G.S. Atoian et al., **_**“ S**__[tudy of the energy resolution of the KOPIO Preradiator/Calorimeter system](http://pubweb.bnl.gov/users/e865/www/KOPIO/Prerad-Cal/PREMC_REPORT.PDF)__** “**_**, KOPIO TN034, 18 Apr 2002.  **