# Presentation: 801915

## Extensible Terascale Facility WorkshopObjectives and Perspective

- Peter A. Freeman
- Assistant Director of NSF
- for Computer and Information
- Science and Engineering (CISE)
- September 20, 2002

- Objectives
- Perspective

- Welcome from Washington, DC!

## Objective of This Workshop

- To inform you about NSF’s plans for continued expansion of the TeraGrid as a foundation for Cyberinfrastructure.
- To outline the NSF’s plans for FY2003 and beyond.
- To get input from you on what enhancements to TeraGrid would most benefit the science and engineering research community.

## NSF Context

- NSF's continuing mission is set out in the preamble to the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (Public Law 810507):
***To promote the progress of science; ***
***to advance the national health, prosperity, and welfare; ***
***to secure the national defense; ***
***and for other purposes.***

## NSF Strategic Focus

**People:**  to develop a diverse, internationally competitive and globally-engaged workforce of scientists, engineers, and well-prepared citizens
**Ideas:**  to provide a deep and broad fundamental science and engineering knowledge base
**Tools:**  to provide widely accessible, state-of-the-art science and engineering infrastructure

## NSF Infrastructure Milestones

- 1960’s	Early support of campus computing
- 1970’s	Early support of scientific computing and advanced 		computing research
- 1984	NSF launches supercomputing initiative
- 1986	NSFNET established
- 1989	Transition to Internet
- 1993	NCSA unleashes MOSAIC Web Browser
- 1995	Internet privatized
- 1998	PACI Program
- 2000	NSF Terascale Initiative – TCS
- 2000	NSF Middleware Initiative
- 2001	NSF Teragrid construction begins
- ... And lot’s more not listed here!

## Programmatic Shifts

- Isolated efforts
- Supercomputer Centers Program
- Networking Programs
- PACI Partnerships
- High-end Cyberinfrastructure

## Converging Trends

- Power and capacity of the technology

## The Information Tsunami

**Terabyte [ 1,000,000,000,000 bytes OR 10****12**** bytes]**
- 1 Terabyte: An automated tape robot OR all the X-ray films in a large technological hospital OR 50000 trees made into paper and printed OR daily rate of EOS data (1998) OR 10 sec of CMS data collection.
- 2 Terabytes: An academic research library OR a cabinet full of Exabyte tapes;
- 10 Terabytes: The printed collection of the US Library of Congress;
- 50 Terabytes: The contents of a large Mass Storage System;
- 400 Terabytes: National Climactic Data Center (NOAA) database;
**Petabyte [ 1,000,000,000,000,000 bytes OR 10****15**** bytes]**
- 1 Petabyte: 3 years of EOS data (2001)
- 2 Petabytes: All US academic research libraries
- 8 Petabytes: All information available on the Web;
- 20 Petabytes: Production of hard-disk drives in 1995;
- 200 Petabytes: All printed material OR production of digital magnetic tape in 1995;
**Exabyte [ 1,000,000,000,000,000,000 bytes OR 10****18**** bytes]**
- 2 Exabytes: Total volume of information generated worldwide annually.
- 5 Exabytes: All words ever spoken by human beings.
**Zettabyte [ 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 bytes OR 10****21**** bytes]**
**Yottabyte [ 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 bytes OR 10****24**** bytes]**

## New Modes of Computing

- Distributed Computing
- synchronous processing across distributed resources
- High-Throughput Computing
- asynchronous processing
- On-Demand Computing
- dynamic resource allocation
- Data-Intensive Computing
- co-location of computational resources with large databases
- Collaborative Computing
- scientific collaboratories

## New Modes of Interaction with Resources

*New Modes of Interaction with Resources*

- W. Feiereisen

## Converging Trends

- Power and capacity of the technology
- Transformative power of computational resources for S&E research

## New Modes of Scientific Research

- Space Weather Modeling - solar surface and corona, solar wind, and the earth's magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere.
- Severe storm track prediction with constantly updated information from sensor networks
- Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) is characterizing and functionally describing genes identified in all 800 publicly accessible genomes. The calculation is highly parallel, requiring over 100 cpu years to complete useful structure predictions.

## National and International Grid Computing Efforts

## New Collaborative Research Communities

*New Collaborative Research Communities*

## Converging Trends

- Power and capacity of the technology
- Transformative power of computational resources for S&E research
- Recognition of the importance of computation, both to S&E and to the Nation
- Economic transformation
- Critical infrastructure
- Homeland security
- High-end cyberinfrastructure

- provide an integrated, high-end system of computing, data facilities, connectivity, software, services, and sensors that ...
- enables all scientists and engineers to work on advanced research problems that would not otherwise be solvable

- The Cyberinfrastructure Objective

## Developers

- BANDWIDTH

- LIBRARIES

- CYCLES

- INSTRUMENTS

- SERVICES

- SOFTWARE

- App
- Sys

- App
- Sys

- App
- Sys

- Operators

- Users

- Cyberinfrastructure

## Cyberinfrastructure (CI) Efforts

- Will build on all possible previous efforts
- Will provide significant integration with disciplinary efforts
- The Atkins Report will suggest further directions along the lines shown in the diagram
- Computing research is essential to achieving a working CI
- Significant challenges:
*How to build it?*
*How to operate it?*
*How to use it?*

**Notes:**
(1) “The Atkins Report” is either the “NSF Blue Ribbon Panel on Cyberinfrastructure” or the “NSF Advisory Committee on Cyberinfrastructure” (depending on your source) chaired by Dan Atkins of the University of Michigan

(2) Suggested rewrite of last bullet:

What does a CI need?

## Objective of This Workshop

- To inform you about NSF’s plans for continued expansion of the TeraGrid as a foundation for Cyberinfrastructure.
- To outline the NSF’s plans for FY2003 and beyond.
- To get input from you on what enhancements to TeraGrid would most benefit the science and engineering research community.

## Summary

- Cyberinfrastructure (CI) is critical to the advancement of all areas of science and engineering
- S&E research is critical to the Nation
- CI is a great driver for fundamental computer science and engineering research
- Pooling of CI resources can be a win-win situation

## Contact Information

- 			Dr. Peter A. Freeman
- 			NSF Assistant Director for CISE
- 			*Phone:* 703-292-8900
- 			*Email:* *pfreeman@nsf.gov*
- Visit the CISE Web site at:
*www.cise.nsf.gov*