# Presentation: 572950

## TACE : Tropical Atlantic Climate Experiment

- Endorsed by CLIVAR SSG14
- http://www.clivar.org/organization/atlantic/TACE/tace.php

## TACE motivation: SST bias coupled models

- SST bias in IPCC – 4AR models

## TACE motivation: lack of predictive skill

## TACE motivation: relative lack of observations (improving)

- March 2004

- March 2005

- April 2006

- TACE motivation: relative lack of observations (improving)

## TACE motivationZonal mode bias in coupled models

## TACE Goal:

- to advance the understanding of coupled ocean-atmosphere  processes and improve climate prediction for the Tropical Atlantic region
- Enhance existing observing system to provide the data needed for research and operations (Obs WG).
- Improve coupled predictive systems, ocean synthesis, and transfer from science to operations (Model&Synth WG).
**TACE is planned as ~6 year (2007-2012) enhanced monitoring study, ultimately leading to specification of the sustained observations network in the tropical Atlantic needed to meet CLIVAR goals**
**Connects with VACS, VAMOS, WGSIP, WGOMD, and PIRATA**
**PIRATA: observational backbone of TACE; TACE is an enhancing observational network temporarily**

## OBS WG main activities

- Coordination and tracking of various international contributions to the envisioned TACE observational strategy.
- Promotion of collaboration between various observational groups to maximize opportunities for shared use of observational platforms and efficient deployment of observing system components.
- Identification of gaps in the observing system and evaluation of possible means to implement the required enhancements.
- Monitoring of data availability and usage by the climate user community.

## TACE working group on observations

**Chair: **Peter Brandt(IFM-GEOMAR, Kiel, Germany)
**Vice Chair: **William E. Johns(RSMAS, Miami, U.S.)
- Bernard Bourlès(IRD, Plouzané, France)
- Marcus Dengler(IFM-GEOMAR, Kiel, Germany)
- Gustavo Goni(NOAA/AOML, Miami, U.S.)
- Rick Lumpkin(NOAA/AOML, Miami, U.S.)
- Chris Reason(University of Cape Town,South Africa)
- Mathieu Rouault(University of Cape Town,South Africa)

## http://tace.ifm-geomar.de/index.html

- Projects and programs: AMMA, BMBF, CORIOLIS, DFG, EGEE, EQUALANT, PIRATA, RSMAS-project,..

**Ship cruises - performed**

**Glider transects**

**Island meteorological, Flux and Tide Gauge Stations**

**XBT Lines**

## Simultaneous oceanic cruises in May-July 2006(carried out in the framework of AMMA, PIRATA & CLIVAR...) 

**1) FRENCH ATALANTE / EGEE 3 cruise (East of the basin) : May 24 – July 6, 2006**
**2) GERMAN METEOR cruise (West and central basin) : May 23 – July 16, 2006**
**3) US RON BROWN cruise (North and central basin) : June 6 – July 9, 2006 **

**1**

**2**

**3**

- PIRATA 12 Meeting, Miami, November 1-3, 2006

## AMMA

**A**frican **M**onsoon **M**ultidisciplinary **A**nalyses

**EGEE program : => 6 cruises, 2 per year in 2005, 2006 & 2007**
****** ****interannual variability (Egée 1->6) +  intra-annual (Egée 3)**

- Egée 1 trackline (June-July 2005)		Egée 2 trackline (Sept. 2005)

- Repeated sections at 10°W and 3°E.
-  continuous SST, SSS, surface currents measurements, meteorological measurements
-  CTD-02 profiles and current profiles (0.5°)+ temperature profiles (XBT) every 0.5° or 1°
-  oceanic turbulence (MSS *– **Dengler at **IFM**-**GEOMAR*)
-  water samplings (CO2, O18 & C13, nutrients, + Helium *–** Rhein at **Univ.** **Bremen*)
-  ARGO profilers + NOAA/GDC surface drifters deployment (SVP)

- TACE workshop, Paris- Unesco, Nov 18-20, 2006

## Next planed cruises : 

- Next planed cruises :

- EGEE 4: Nov,15 – Dec,2, 2006 (Dakar-Cotonou)
- 		EGEE 5: June 2007  PIRATA 16
- 		EGEE 6: September 2007
- TACE moorings deployment (B.Johns)
*(cruise trackline to be adapted, 10°W & 3°E sections have to be done)*
- + yearly PIRATA cruises...
- + GLIDER in the Gulf of Guinea (*IRD/LEGOS project) *?
*	**(from Cotonou to Equator & Sao Tome)*

*All cruises planed on board the *_*IRD R/V ANTEA*_* *
*	**	**	**	**(tests during EGEE 4).*

## Links with TACE (Tropical Atlantic Climate Experiment: from 2007)

- _Summary of french potential contribution « on the field » during TACE :_
- EGEE (2007) and PIRATA (2008-?...) cruises
- 	(possible SouthEastern extension servicing if maintained)
- 	(=> CTD, ADCP, XBT, ARGO, TSgraph & meteo)
-  Meteorological Station (GTS transmitted) & tide gauge at Sao Tome (yearly servicing)
-  23°W & 10°W -Equator surface ADCP moorings
-  coastal SST (Sao Tome, Benin, Togo, ...); data available about every 3-6 months
-  Glider (from 2008/2009 ?)...

## Equatorial Circulation in the central TA

**(Brandt et al.)**

- Ship Cruises:
-  in June 2006 (first deployment of mooring array at 23°W)
-  in April 2008
-  in autumn 2009

**Equatorial Circulation in the central TA**

**Notes:**
Good morning and thank you very much for inviting me to this colloquium. 
I want to speak here about the circulation variability in the tropical Atlantic Ocean. I choose this topic as I am strongly involved or initiated different observational projects in a region where ocean dynamics may have a strong impact on climate variability. These projects are part of TACE that is envisioned as an international program of enhanced observations and modelling studies in the tropical Atlantic, in particular  to advance the predictability of TAV. 

## Mooring array at 23°W

- 0.75°N, 0°N, 0.75°S (including PIRATA ADCP)

**Mooring array at 23°W**

**Notes:**
Here you can see the zonal current system and the moorings that will be deployed during our next cruise. The mooring array was intensively tested within an Diploma thesis that I supervised using the 1/12 degree FLAME model to get an optimum distribution of instruments for the observation of the eastward temperature transport. In cooperation with WHOI we included a deep CTD profiler at the equatorial mooring aimed at studying the deep circulation and in particular the equatorial deep jets. As preparatory work for our new planned SFB we will deploy also a CTD oxygen profiler to measure the variability in the oxygen supply toward the OMZ in the northern TA. These are all quite different projects that uses different observation techniques. I am strongly interested in the planning of such observing systems and of course in the analysis of data that will then be obtained. My goal is in this way to contribute in close cooperation with different national and international groups to the understanding of  ocean and climate variability.

## Mooring array at 23°W

- Glider section along 23°W

**Mooring array at 23°W**

**Notes:**
Here you can see the zonal current system and the moorings that will be deployed during our next cruise. The mooring array was intensively tested within an Diploma thesis that I supervised using the 1/12 degree FLAME model to get an optimum distribution of instruments for the observation of the eastward temperature transport. In cooperation with WHOI we included a deep CTD profiler at the equatorial mooring aimed at studying the deep circulation and in particular the equatorial deep jets. As preparatory work for our new planned SFB we will deploy also a CTD oxygen profiler to measure the variability in the oxygen supply toward the OMZ in the northern TA. These are all quite different projects that uses different observation techniques. I am strongly interested in the planning of such observing systems and of course in the analysis of data that will then be obtained. My goal is in this way to contribute in close cooperation with different national and international groups to the understanding of  ocean and climate variability.

## Mooring Array in the Eastern TA (B. Johns, RSMAS)

**Mooring Array in the Eastern TA (B. Johns, RSMAS)**

- Subsurface current meter moorings to observe
- EUC termination
- Equatorial wave guide in the eastern TA
- First deployment in 2007

**Notes:**
Good morning and thank you very much for inviting me to this colloquium. 
I want to speak here about the circulation variability in the tropical Atlantic Ocean. I choose this topic as I am strongly involved or initiated different observational projects in a region where ocean dynamics may have a strong impact on climate variability. These projects are part of TACE that is envisioned as an international program of enhanced observations and modelling studies in the tropical Atlantic, in particular  to advance the predictability of TAV. 

## Oxygen minimum zone in the northern TA

- Moored CTD/O2 profilers at 23°W, 5°N (pilot deployment June 2006) and 23°W, 8°N
-  profiles between 100 and 1000m (Brandt et al.)
-  additional oxygen sensors, possibly added to existing PIRATA buoys at 23°W
-  tracer release experiment (Visbeck et al.)
-  glider section along 23°W including O2 measurements

**Oxygen minimum zone in the northern TA**

**Planned Start: January 2008**

**Notes:**
Good morning and thank you very much for inviting me to this colloquium. 
I want to speak here about the circulation variability in the tropical Atlantic Ocean. I choose this topic as I am strongly involved or initiated different observational projects in a region where ocean dynamics may have a strong impact on climate variability. These projects are part of TACE that is envisioned as an international program of enhanced observations and modelling studies in the tropical Atlantic, in particular  to advance the predictability of TAV. 

## Summer 2009:

- Funded U.S. Moorings for extended EUC/cold tongue Experiment

- Enhanced observation
- campaign for cold tongue

## Map of the ARGO profilers 

*Map of the ARGO profilers *
*in Tropical Atlantic, *
*late August 2006*
*(from CORIOLIS).*

*Green dots: T & S profiles  /  Blue dots: T profiles only.*

_**=> **__**Large increase of T/S(z) data in the region...**_

*June 23, 2005**	**	**	**	**September 28, 2005*

**???**

## Modelling&Synthesis WG

- The WG will contribute to the following issues:
** ** Determine oceanic processes important in regulating SST in the tropical Atlantic and associated responses.
** ** Improve SST forecasts on seasonal to interannual time scales in the tropical Atlantic.
** ** Provide parameterizations and model improvements to global and regional prediction centers.
** ** Investigate response of tropical Atlantic region to global warming, including teleconnection patterns
** ** Improve the design and performance of the required ocean observing system.

## Variance of Northern Tropical Atlantic (grey) and Eastern 

- Variance of Northern Tropical Atlantic (grey) and Eastern
- Equatorial Atlantic SST (black) in IPCC 4AR 20th century
- and SRES A1b runs (Breugem et al 2006)

- WG set up, chaired by Markus Jochum (NCAR)
- WG is writing a white paper on modelling issues and strategy for the tropical Atlantic
- New emphasis on regional coupled modelling
- WG will meet at IUGG Perugia 2007
- IPCC 4AR variability synthesis, see:
- http://www.knmi.nl/samenw/tameet/ipcc_ar4_comp