BEE-spoke-data/govdocs1-by-extension huggingface dataset:
# Presentation: 075965

## global_CMT-8.00Status (week 2)and issues

**Elizabeth Gallas**
**(Fermilab - Computing Division)**
***See the global list history***
- _[http://www-d0.fnal.gov/trigger_meister/ private/www/tl_desc/global.html](http://www-d0.fnal.gov/trigger_meister/private/www/tl_desc/global.html)_
**for the evolution of 8.00**
*** ***

- Trigger Board Meeting
- July 24, 2002

- E. Gallas/Triggers

- July 24, 2002

## Current Issues/Status

_**Current Issues/Status**_

- High Luminosity store today
- New prescale file using only unprescaled triggers will give us an idea what fraction of bandwidth is actually devoted to these triggers at various luminosities
- I have to leave by 12:20pm today
- Suggest we have a meeting later in the week
- Student to help with programming
- Mark Kane – Iowa State
- Tracking
- highest priority to get tracking into the global list 8.00
- Nearly all ID and physics groups will benefit
- JPSI , EM, TAU, MUON, JET
- Level 3 Mark and Pass (Michael)
- Mark and Pass triggers not normalized
- This is an issue especially for muon triggers where we have loose L3 muon filter on all muon triggers with mp1 even though it is not officially certified.

- E. Gallas/Triggers

- July 24, 2002

## Current Issues/Status

_**Current Issues/Status**_

- Level 2
- Reinhard
- Says L2 muon available today or tomorrow
- says L2Cal |eta|<2.4 (same as L1) !
- E notes:
- measured L3 cross section is significantly different for triggers with/without
- Level 2 EM
- Level 2 Jet
- This discrepancy needs to be resolved (suspect thresholds are too high so efficiency is
- Thresholds need to be set by the physics groups
- PLAN:
- Use L2 muon – it is certified.  We will have
- High pT muon trigger (nearly) unprescaled
- Level 2 dimuon trigger
- (both running off the ‘all’ region single muon trigger)
- keep L2EM, L2Jet in the global list in one trigger so that L2 candidates are available for study in every trigger
- Add L2 Cal to all triggers when discrepancy is explained and we have thresholds from physics groups.
- PHYISICS GROUPS !! It is in your best interest to use Level 2.  Rejection at Level 2 will proportionally decrease your prescales.           L2 Information is available in the current data.

- E. Gallas/Triggers

- July 24, 2002

## Online situation

_**Online situation**_

- E. Gallas/Triggers

- July 24, 2002
# Presentation: 510891

##  Improving Quality: A Steeplechase of Sorts? The Necessity of Science for Practice and Science for the Public

- Junius J. Gonzales, MD
-  Symposium: Expanding Research and Evaluation Designs and Methods
- September 14, 2005

## Improving Quality

- Steeple chase, a _[race](http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/race)__ across country between a __[number](http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/number)__ of horsemen, to see which can __[first](http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/first)__ reach some distant object, as a church steeple; hence, a race over a prescribed course obstructed by such obstacles as one meets in riding across country, as hedges, walls, etc. _

## We Are Not Alone: Findings from a December 6, 2003 BMJ Report

- All groups feel an urgent need to _reconnect_ the funders, users, and providers of research
- Users and researchers unanimously agree:
- Responsibility for dissemination of findings and supporting its application does not rest with them
- Context, culture and credibility issues

## The PLAYERS

**BUSINESS**

**ACADEMIC **
**RESEARCH**

**POLICY**

**Practice**

**Patients**
**Families**

- SOCIETY

**Communities**

**Communities**

## Design/Methods Issues

- Randomization vs. Ecological Realities
- Goals (tensions in validity)
- Reduce error variance
- Increase signal to noise ratio
- Decrease chances of type I and II errors

## Process: To Describe or to Quantify?

- Can process data and theorizing help make the ‘business _case_’?
- Variance and Process Theories (Langley 1999)
- Balancing ‘accuracy, generality and simplicity’
- Can analytic strategies such as alternate templates or temporal bracketing help?
- Tensions in ‘levels of evidence’

## Challenges & Opportunities

- Learning from the terrific VA Experience – how to apply to other settings, populations?
- What do we need?
- Understanding modifiable mechanisms of change and not just identifying patterns?
- Better utilizing and studying types of transfer?
- Building research infrastructure in ‘real world’ settings

## The Science to Services Challenge:Intervention (i.e. an “evidence-based-practice”) is only one piece of the implementation puzzle

- <date/time>

**The Science to Services Challenge:****Intervention (i.e. an “evidence-based-practice”) is only one piece of the implementation puzzle**

**Notes:**
I think this slide is a nice visual to emphasize that it is not just about having evidence – there are a lot of things that impact on the use of that evidence and what evidence is needed to improve the lives of those with mental illnesses.  We need to research all these interfaces --- in fact, we are doing that now.  We are developing the sciences of dissemination/implementation, and adaptation (of EBPs)

## ‘The difficulty lies, not in the new ideas, but in escaping from the old ones.’

- John Maynard Keynes
# Presentation: 587301

## Innovative Plasma Nozzle Techniquesfor Eliminating Overspray

**                               ****ACCOMPLISHMENTS**
- This Vacuum Plasma Spray (VPS) nozzle configuration reduces overspray, optimizing material deposition efficiency and quality of vacuum and air plasma spray coatings and structures
- Reduces overspray by 50% when spraying copper and copper 	alloys
- Reduces tungsten overspray producing denser, less porous 	coatings than previously possible
- Used to successfully spray form tungsten crystal growth 	furnace (CFG) cartridge tubes  for processing materials in microgravity
- U.S. Patent No. 5,573,682
**                              ****COMMERCIALIZATION**
- Plasma Processes has sold over $500K worth of services or nozzles based on technology from SBIR
- As a result of the 1992 NASA SBIR project, Plasma Processes has been awarded six Phase III contracts valued at $544K

***Plasma Processes, Inc.******Huntsville, AL***

**S****mall**
**B****usiness**
**I****nnovation **
**R****esearch**

**      ****GOVERNMENT/SCIENCE APPLICATIONS**
- Bell-contoured VPS nozzles have been designed for DOE to spray gradient materials for nuclear fusion reactor components
- Aerospace applications include:  coating or forming of rocket and jet engine combustors, blades, vanes, seals, and bearings
- Applications in the biomedical field for medical and dental implants

-  1992 Phase 2; SS-75; 1/30/98
- NAS8-40159;Tim McKechnie

- Marshall Space Flight Center

**Innovative Plasma Nozzle Techniques****for Eliminating Overspray**

*Plasma Spray using SBIR-developed plasma spray gun nozzle*
# Presentation: 031149

## NDA 21-200 

**Gastrointestinal Advisory Committee Meeting**
**Gaithersburg, Maryland****June 26, 2000**

**Zelmac****TM**
**	****(tegaserod)**

## Introduction

**Mathias Hukkelhoven, PhD**
**Vice President****Head, US Drug Regulatory Affairs**
**Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation**

**Zelmac****TM**
**	****(tegaserod)**

## Proposed Indication

**ZelmacTM (tegaserod)**** is indicated for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) ****in patients who identify abdominal pain/ discomfort and constipation as their predominant symptoms.**** **

## Irritable Bowel Syndrome

**Irritable Bowel Syndrome**

**Symptoms **
**Abdominal pain or discomfort **
**Bloating**
**Altered bowel function**
**Frequency of bowel movements**
**Stool consistency **
**Chronic or recurrent course**
**Severity ranging from mild to severe/intractable**
**Symptoms due to disturbances in GI motility and enhanced visceral sensitivity**
**Highly prevalent and associated with significant disability and healthcare costs**

## Spectrum of IBS

**Patients can have different bowel symptoms over time**

**Diarrhea**

**Constipation**

**Alternating**

## TegaserodPharmacologic Profile

**Potent and selective 5-HT****4**** receptor ****partial agonist**
**Modulates normal and impaired motility throughout the gastrointestinal tract**
**Modulates intestinal chloride/water secretion**
**Inhibits visceral sensation upon colorectal distension **
**Lacks cardiovascular, renal, respiratory, CNS, and endocrine effects **

## Regulatory Background

**No clinical guidelines or medical consensus regarding appropriate outcome measures in IBS**
**Novartis conferred with medical experts and ****had several interactions with FDA regarding outcome measures for the 3 tegaserod ****phase III studies **
**Specific consultation with GI Division following analysis of first phase III study (B351) and prior to the unblinding and analysis of the remaining ****2 phase III studies (B301 and B307)**

## TegaserodClinical Profile

**Totality of data derived from 4,000 subjects of whom 3,000 IBS patients were enrolled in clinical studies, support the following clinical profile**
**Tegaserod 12 mg/d (6 mg BID) is effective in relieving abdominal pain or discomfort, bloating, and constipation in patients ****who identify abdominal pain or discomfort and constipation as their predominant symptoms**
**Tegaserod is safe and well tolerated**

## Agenda

**Irritable Bowel Syndrome . . . . . . . . . . ****	****Arnold Wald, MD**
**5-HT****4**** Receptor Activation . . . . . . ****	****Michael Camilleri, MD**
**Efficacy and Safety ****of Tegaserod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ****	****Martin Lefkowitz, MD**
**Preclinical Findings . . . . . . . . . . . . . ****	****Philip Bentley, PhD**
**Review of Data on ****Ovarian Cysts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .****	****Bruce Carr, MD**
**Closing Remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .****	****Sidney Cohen, MD**
# Presentation: 865776

## Jefferson Lab Report

**Karen S. White**

## Status

**EPICS is performing well.**
**We continue to occasionally have a problem when switching between CA Security configurations**

## System Growth

|  | 1998 | 2003 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| IOCS | 81 | 140 |
| EPICS Records (K) | 180 | 287 |
| MEM IOC (Mb) | 1504 | 2626 |
| VME Crates | 75 | 120 |
| CAMAC Crates | 105 | 105 |
| Unix Workstations | 30 | 50 |
| X-terms | 11 | 3 |
| Segments | 5 | 13 |
| Unix Servers | 6 | 20 |

## Managing a Large EPICS System

**Segmentation**
**Growth**
**Managing access and traffic**
**Diagnostics**
**Standardization**
**Change Management**

## Segmentation

**System divided into 13 independent segments to facilitate:**
**Availability**
**Resource Management**
**Maintenance**
**Each segment has its own server, network, IOCs, etc**
**Except – a single Oracle database server is shared between all segments**

## Growth

**Upgrades to accommodate growth**
**Faster IOCs**
**More IOCs**
**More Memory on IOCs**
**More Unix Consoles**
**More Memory on Unix Consoles**
**More Network Bandwidth**

## Nameserver

**Nameserver**
**Reduces IOC load and network traffic due to broadcast for name resolution**
**Provides PV location info to tools that do not need to connect**
**Improves client connection time (2x)**
**Used by all operations client for ~1.5 years – very reliable – no failures**
**Handles over 6 million requests per day**

## Gateway

**From APS/BESSY**
**Used to group multiple requests for the same signal**
**Concentrates communication from many clients to a single client**
**Reduces IOC load and network traffic due to broadcasts for name resolution**
**Reduces the number of connections to IOCs**
**Facilitates easy management of access from different CS segments**

## Standardization

**Standardization of common elements can improve developer productivity and software maintainability. Examples:**
**PIOC**
**General purpose tool built on PCAS**
**Developer does not need to know details**
**Ensures consistent usage**
**Standardized Serial, GPIB & PLC drivers**

## Diagnostics

**Alarms – warns of oncoming IOC problems (be careful what you put on IOCs)**
**Monitoring of Unix and network resources**
**Diagnostic program to check for hardware communication errors**
**Status pages with IOC information**
**Control System startup and checkout procedures**

## Controlled Change

**With a large number of developers and applications, changes must be well planned and documented**
**Versioning**
**Roll back procedures**
**Testplans with auto e-logs**

## General Comments

**Keeping a large EPICS system up and running requires careful planning, diagnostics, monitoring**
**The development and maintenance processes are made more efficient by using standards, versioning and release control**
# Presentation: 381754

## Draft thinking, and perhaps too abstract thinking  on Fuzzy Projects

- D. Petravick

## A model from a book

- Thanks to Rob K. for the model.
- Stop and reformulate scope based on knowledge gained.
-  Troubling because scope is not conceptually constrained

## Refining scope properly?

- Initial scope is broad.
- As leaning occurs, scope is make smaller.
- Still contained in original scope.
- Can ask the project what was left behind?

## Less good refinement

- Would hope to see less of this.
- Seems equivalent to drawing one
# Presentation: 705251

## Suicide/Fatal poisoning: England & Wales 1950-2002

- Poisoning suicides

- All suicides

*ICD-7*

*ICD-8*

*ICD-9*

- All poisonings

*ICD-6*

*ICD-10*

## Suicide: England & Wales 1950-2002: Sex

*ICD-7*

*ICD-8*

*ICD-9*

*ICD-6*

*ICD-10*

**Notes:**
All deaths N960-N989; carbon monoxide N986

## CO Poisoning: England & Wales 1956-2002

- Male

*ICD-7*

*ICD-8*

*ICD-9*

- Female

*ICD-10*

**Notes:**
All deaths N960-N989; carbon monoxide N986

## Fatal Poisoning: England & Wales 1979-2002

- All poisonings

- Alcohol

- Hypnosedatives

- Analgesics

- Antidepressants

- CO

**Notes:**
All deaths N960-989; analgesics N965; carbon monoxide N986; antidepressants N9690; sedatives/hypnotics N967; ethanol N 980

## ‘Analgesic’ Deaths: England & Wales 1979-2002

- 

- Salicylates

- Paracetamol(± ethanol)

- ‘Opiates’

- Propoxyphene

- All ‘analgesic’
- deaths

- ‘Analgesic’ Deaths: England & Wales 1979-2002

## Paracetamol Deaths: England & Wales 1969-2002

- Paracetamol Deaths: England & Wales 1969-2002

- Propoxyphene
- (± other drug)

- Paracetamol(± ethanol)
- (n = 4847)*

- All paracetamol
- deaths

*ICD-8*

*ICD-9*

- Methionine

- NAC

*ICD-10*

- * No data for 1981

## Fatal Poisoning Age <10 yrEngland & Wales 1968-2002

- Fatal Poisoning Age <10 yrEngland & Wales 1968-2002

*ICD-9*

*ICD-8*

*ICD-10*

## Fatal Poisoning: Drug abuseEngland & Wales, 1979-2002

## Fatal Poisoning: Dependent/nondependent AbuseEngland & Wales, 1979-2002

## Heroin Deaths (England & Wales, 1993-2002)

- 187

- 357

- 466

- 445

- 276

- 645

- 754

- 926

- 889

- 790

## Methadone Deaths(England & Wales, 1993-2002)

- 230

- 310

- 368

- 421

- 269

- 363

- 298

- 238

- 207

- 216

## Fatal Poisoning: Illicit Drugs(England & Wales, 1993-2002)

## UK VSA-Related Sudden Deaths 1971-2002(n = 2050)

##  UK VSA-Related Sudden Deaths 1971-2002: Age

- 36

## UK VSA-Related Sudden Deaths 1982-2002
# Presentation: 493763

## Radiant Panel Test / Extended flame time

**Radiant Panel Test / Extended flame time**
- Equivalence between §25.856 and §25.853

**CEAT (Aeronautical Test Centre of Toulouse)**

## Radiant Panel Test / Vertical Test

- _Since §25.856 is applicable_ :
-  Materials for thermal acoustic insulation need to meet the 15s Radiant Panel Test requirements (whatever their beavior with Vertical Test)
-  Materials for cabin layout still need to meet Vertical Test requirements (25.853)

**BACKGROUND**

## Radiant Panel Test / Vertical Test

- Some materials can be used both for thermal acoustic insulation and for cabin layout

## Radiant Panel Test / Vertical Test

- In some cases, FAA has extended pilot flame time up to 30s and thinks to extending it up to 60s.

**Extending Flame time**

- Evolution of the rule permits some insulation materials (which failed with the standard test) to be OK with extended flame time test.

## Radiant Panel Test / Vertical Test

- - Is Radiant Panel Test still more severe than Vertical Test ?

**? Questions ?**

- - Is there a risk to accept for thermal acoustic insulation (in hidden area) a material which is forbidden for cabin layout ?

- _With these new test conditions_ :

## Radiant Panel Test / Vertical Test

**Tested Materials**

**Purpose of the study**

-  Preliminary study to verify on few selected configurations if the “equivalence” between 25.856(a) and 25.853(a) will still valid with this new test conditions

## Radiant Panel Test / Vertical Test

**Proceeding **

**1) Selection among already tested materials (Radiant Panel Test) which was OK for the burn length but not for the after flame time.**
**2) New tests on these materials :**
**- Radian Panel Test with an extended pilot flame time (30s and 60s)**
**- Vertical Test 12s and 60s**

*(Only 15s Radiant Panel Test has been tested with 3 samples, due to limited number of samples the other cases has been conducted only on 1 sample)*

## Radiant Panel Test / Vertical Test

## Radiant Panel Test / Vertical Test

## Radiant Panel Test / Vertical Test

- _Radiant Panel Test_ :  All burn lengths = 0
- _Vertical Test_ : All burn lengths meet the requirement

**Burn lengths**

## Radiant Panel Test / Vertical Test

**Test Results**

## Radiant Panel Test / Vertical Test

_**CONCLUSION**_

-  _For the tested materials_ :
- - Radiant Panel Test is always more severe than Vertical Test
- - Extended flame time does not systematically lead to decrease after flame time.
- No inconsistency between radiant panel test (with extended pilot flame time) (25.856(a)) and Vertical Test (25.853(a))

## Radiant Panel Test / Vertical Test

-  THE END
# Presentation: 425529

## University of Minnesota MRSEC Nuggets – 2005Lodge T. P. DMR-0212302 Education Related Nuggets

*An Effective and Engaging Science Module on Measurement.*
- 2004 RET participant Peter Ozimba (Perkiomen School, Pennsburg, PA) presented the results of his summer research, supported by UMN MRSEC, at the November 2004 MRSEC Directors Meeting in Boston, MA. Ozimba showed by example how teachers can develop science curriculum within the appropriate educational standards by creating engaging modules that coincide with whatever text is being used for the particular course. Through well-designed coherent activities, Ozimba’s sample module on measurement fundamentals teaches students the basic principles involved in carrying out measurements in general. In performing the activities, students actively engage themselves in the details of measurements without actually knowing the technical definitions of the main content components. This sets the stage for simplified learning in which the students learn the underlying concepts through exploration and discovery and then acquire the technical names to go with the concepts. This way, the students enjoy learning and actually do so without really thinking of it as such. Using Ozimba’s module, teachers help students learn about measurements, units and uncertainty analysis by first measuring the length of a drinking straw with their own constructed measuring device and by building a cardboard bridge that will be tested by driving a model remote controlled car over it. It is hoped that the students will master each stage before proceeding to the next, thus ensuring total success and opportunity for re-teaching. This style of module development alleviates the usual bulwarks such as boredom, low attention spans, and the high difficulty levels most science teachers are faced with in getting scientific concepts across to students.

**Figure 1. **Summer 2004 RET participant Peter
- Ozimba developed a learning module geared toward
- teaching students about measurement, units, and
- uncertainty analysis. One activity involves building
- a cardboard bridge (measurements above).
# Presentation: 183778

## Computational Plasma Physics Projects (cc 3120):

- Ongoing:
-  provide assistance and support in _code development and parallelization_.
-  provide assistance and support in _advanced visualization techniques_.
-  provide assistance and support in _TRANSP and TSC_ usage.
-  demonstrate new applications of Collaboratory and Grid computing.
- FY 2004
-  commence parallelization of NUBEAM fast ion Monte Carlo module; demonstrate stand-alone applications.
-  test/deploy new algorithms for elliptic equation solvers (quintic finite elements).
-  continue development of NIMROD/M3D joint visualization tools.
-  test advanced visualization on Display Wall with parallel rendering algorithms.
-  support control room deployment of NSTX Display Wall.
- FY 2005
-  Test/deploy Grid-based data streaming technology for simulation tracking (monitoring) and visualization/analysis pipeline processing of simulation results.
-  Test/evaluate methods for deployment of parallel computational services (NUBEAM, TORIC) made accessible from serial drivers (TSC/TRANSP).
- FY 2006
-  Continue development along lines of FY 2004-2005 projects.
-  Continue development/deployment of parallel computational services.

## National Transport Code Collaboration (NTCC) (cc 3110):

- Ongoing:
-  Support and maintain NTCC modules library and website.
-  Installation of new modules in TRANSP & TSC and review of modules.
- FY 2004
-  Release initial version of PPPL RF/Fokker-Planck ICRF package, to include a serial version of the TORIC wave code (IPP/Garching) with numerical equilibrium.
-  Release Fokker-Planck Quasilinear operator module (QLO) to support generic coupling of ICRF wave codes to Fokker-Planck solvers.
-  Linux port and modernization of NTCC web server.
- FY 2005
-  Add ADPAC-based coronal equilibrium radiation module to NTCC library.
-  Installation of improvements in PPPL-supported RF and neutral beam modules.
-  Design NTCC distribution method for parallelized versions of RF and neutral beam modules.
- FY 2006
-  Installation of parallelized versions of PPPL-supported RF and neutral beam modules.
-  Other modules as requested by projects.

## Fusion Collaboratory (cc 7301):

- FY 2004
-  Test time-slice between-shots TRANSP service with network I/O optimization.
-  Deploy web-accessible real-time monitoring of executing TRANSP jobs (ElVis).
-  Support TRANSP service clients in the U.S. and overseas.
-  Test Access Grid and distributed display collaborative applications in NSTX control room and on PPPL Display Wall connecting to DIII-D control room.
- FY 2005
-  Document/support ElVis real-time monitoring for any computational service.
-  Deploy FusionGrid GYRO parallel computational service on PPPL FCC.
-  Deploy control room clients for between-shots TRANSP service.
-  Deploy Access Grid and distributed display collaborative applications in NSTX control room and on PPPL Display Wall connecting to DIII-D control room.
- FY 2006
-  Perform GT2/GT3 port of TRANSP service and clients (Globus software update).
-  Integrate FusionGrid security with ElVis graphical monitoring software.
-  Deploy FusionGrid TORIC parallel service on PPPL FCC.
# Presentation: 858758

## OCTOBER 1, 2008 NET MEETING KEVIN BROWNSTATE CONSERVATIONISTPLEASE STAND BY

## CURRENT AREA STRUCTURE

**CURRENT AREA STRUCTURE**

## CURRENT AREA STRUCTURE

|  | NUMBER OF COUNTIES | NUMBER OF SERVICE CENTER OFFICES |
| --- | --- | --- |
| A1 | 21 | 19 |
| A2 | 37 | 28 |
| A3 | 37 | 25 |

## Slide 4

## NEW AREA STRUCTURE

|  | NUMBER OF COUNTIES | NUMBER OF SERVICE CENTER OFFICES |
| --- | --- | --- |
| A1 | 21 | 19 |
| A2 | 26 | 20 |
| A3 | 22 | 16 |
| A4 | 26 | 17 |

## Slide 6

## Slide 7

## Slide 8

## Slide 9

## STATE OFFICE STRUCTURE

**State Conservationist**

**Area Conservationists**

- ASTC Programs

- Administrative Assistant

- State Resource Conservationist

- State Conservation Engineer

- State Soil Scientist

- State Public Affairs** **Specialist

- State Administrative Officer

**STATE OFFICE STRUCTURE**

## LINE VACANCIES

- GS-11/12  DC Gallatin
- GS-11/12 DC Winchester
- GS-9/11 DC Dandridge
- GS-9/11 DC Clinton
- GS-9/11 DC Somerville

## STAFF VACANCIES

- GS-12 SE RCD Coordinator
- GS-12 Area Resource Conservationist – Cookeville
- GS-12 Area Engineer – Cookeville
- GS-12 Resource Soil Scientist - Murfreesboro
# Presentation: 504272

## Glass Resistive Plate Chambers

- BELLE Experiment:
- Virginia Tech (barrel)
- Tohoku (endcaps)
- Dan Marlow, Princeton (seminar at Rice), Norm Morgan (Virginia Tech)
- Monolith Experiment (proposed at Grand Sasso):
- Carlo Gustavino
- Virginia chambers at Fermilab
- Valery Makeev

## RPC Principles of Operation

- A passing charged particle induces an avalanche, which develops into a spark.  The discharge is quenched when all of the locally  (                  ) available charge is consumed.

- Spacers

- The discharged area recharges slowly through the high-resistivity glass plates.

- Before

- After

## Plateau Curve

- 2 mm gap RPCs plateau at a fairly high voltage.
- Note the slight falloff in efficiency well above the plateau.  This effect is real and typical.

## Principles of Operation: I vs V Curve

- Glass RPCs have a distinctive
- and readily understandable current versus voltage relationship.

- Low voltage
- High voltage

## Pulse Shape

- The pulses are large (~100 mV into 50 ohms)  and fast (FWHM ~ 15ns)
- There is a very good correlation between the electronic and the light signal.

- One interesting feature of RPCs is that the signal can be observed both using a pickup electrode and by viewing the light signal using a PMT.

## Current, pulse shape, efficiency

- Pulse height, currents, plateau depend on:
- Gas mixture
- Electric field (HV/gap size)
- Resistivity of the ink

## Principles of Operation:  Rate Capability

- As noted, each discharge locally deadens the RPC. The  recovery time is approximately

- Numerically this is (MKS units)

- Assuming each discharge deadens an area of                , rates of up
- to                      can be handled with 1% deadtime or less.   This is well below what is expected in our application.

## Gas Mixture (Belle)

- Traditional Gas Mixture
- 64% Argon :  6% Freon 116  30% Isobutane
- Constraints
-  Safety: gas should be non flammable:
- mixture ---> 30% Argon : 62% Freon :8% Butane
-  Environment: Freon 116--> Freon R134A
-  Cost: Isobutane ---> Butane “silver”

## Virginia Chambers at Fermilab

- Chambers have been stored in an ambient atmosphere for three years
- Eventually (see next slide) they work with efficiency >90%

- Valery Makeev

## Summary

- Glass RPC chambers are _simple to build_, _reliable _detectors, but applicable only for _low rate experiments_
- The only known (so far) damage mechanism to glass RPC’s is related to freon+water vapor+HV combination
- Combination of reversible (short term exposure?) and irreversible (long term exposure)  effects
- Chemistry of deposits on both electrodes is not very well understood
- _Water vapor proof gas lines_ are sufficient to avoid the problem
- Even in the case of accidental damage a _recipe _exists _for chamber recovery through chemical cleaning of the glass surfaces _
# Presentation: 534965

## Paying for Performance:Introductory Comments

**Carolyn Clancy, M.D.**
**Director**
**Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality**
**October 21, 2004**

## 2001 IOM Report:Crossing the Quality Chasm

- There are serious problems in quality
*Between the health care we have and the care we could have lies not just a gap but a chasm.*
- The problems come from poor systems...Not bad people
- Chasm stems from two overarching problems
*How we pay for care*
*How we organize and structure care*
- Also need improved info. technology

## AHRQ Role in Measurement and Data  for Incentives Work

- National tracking and benchmarks
- National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Reports
- Measuring local experience of care
- CAHPS for plans, hospitals, nursing homes etc.
- Measuring hospital quality and safety
- Inpatient Quality Indicators, Patient Safety Indicators
- Measuring potentially avoidable admissions
- Prevention Quality Indicators

## Growing Private Sector Interest 

- Rosenthal et al (Health Affairs 2004) identified 37 separate incentive plans representing 31 different payers
- Rewarding Results Demonstrations
- Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan
- Blue Cross of California
- Bridges to Excellence
- California Health Care Strategies/Medi-Cal
- Excellus/Rochester IPA
- Integrated Healthcare Association
- Massachusetts Health Plan Quality Partners

## Framing Observations

- Financial incentives are inherent in ***any and all*** payment systems.
- It is *not* a question of incentives vs. no incentives.
- Unintended incentives can be as strong as intended ones
- Financial incentives are just one force shaping quality
# Presentation: 185707

## Brief evaluation of REMAD and CMAQ for east Texas tracers

- Mark Green, DRI
- Model results from Christian Seigneur and Betty Pun- AER (CMAQ and REMSAD), and Mike Barna- CIRA (REMSAD)

## Methodology

- Evaluation used 6-hour tracer data and model predictions for two 10-day periods where tracer data was sequestered: August 15-25, 1999; October 5-15, 1999

## Slide 3

## BRAVO Study Tracer Release & Monitoring Locations

## CMAQ

## August- Particulate S  and observed iPPCH

- Northeast Texas tracer and Observed S

**Northeast Texas tracer**

**Observed S**

## 12km CMAQ and 36km REMSAD NE Texas tracer 

- obs/preds time series for sequestered period

- Look at CMAQ first...

- Obs

- Preds

## 12km CMAQ and 36km REMSAD NE Texas tracer 

- obs/preds time series for sequestered period

- Now REMSAD...

- Obs

- Preds

## Tracer Release from Big Brown, 22-Aug-1999 00:00 GMT

- CMAQ-12km

- REMSAD-36km

## CMAQ 36 km

**CMAQ 36 km**

**Obs**

## From AER

## Model performance summary statistics –Northeast Texas tracer, August episode

**Model performance summary statistics –Northeast Texas tracer, August episode**

## Model performance summary statistics – Eagle Pass tracer, August episode

**Model performance summary statistics – Eagle Pass tracer, August episode**

## October- Particulate S  and observed PTCH

- Houston tracer and observed S

- Houston tracer

- Observed S

## 12km CMAQ and 36km REMSAD Houston tracer 

- obs/preds time series for sequestered period

- Look at CMAQ first...

- Obs

- Preds

## 12km CMAQ and 36km REMSAD Houston tracer 

- 12km CMAQ and 36km REMSAD Houston tracer
- obs/preds time series for sequestered period

- Now REMSAD...

- Obs

- Preds

## CMAQ 12 and 4 km simulation PTCH (Houston Tracer) October 12

- 6-hour average starting 19 GMT

- 22 GMT

## REMSAD vs. CMAQ

**REMSAD PTCH**

**36 km**

**12 km**

**REMSAD vs. CMAQ**
**36 km vs. 12 km**** PTCH (Houston Tracer) **
**October 12**

## CMAQ 36 km

**CMAQ 36 km**

**Obs**

## From AER

## AER summary of CMAQ tracer transport

- In the 36 km simulations, tracer plumes still miss monitoring sites at and near Big Bend on some days
- In both the 36 and 4 km simulations for August, the PPCH plumes are too far East
- In both the 36 and 4 km simulations for October, the PTCH plumes are too far South
- 36 km simulations bring plume a lot closer to Big Bend than 4 km simulations

## Model performance summary statistics –northeast Texas tracer, August episode

**Model performance summary statistics –northeast Texas tracer, August episode**

## Model performance summary statistics – Eagle Pass tracer, October episode

## SO4 at K-BAR, July-October 1999

***SO4 at K-BAR, July-October 1999***

## Total Sulfur at K-BAR, July-October 1999

***Total Sulfur at K-BAR, July-October 1999***

## From AER
# Presentation: 186531

## U.S. GRAIN ETHANOL INDUSTRY OUTLOOK

- Hosein Shapouri
- USDA/Office of Energy Policy & New Uses
- EIA Energy Forecasting Conference
- Washington, DC, March 27, 2006

## OVERVIEW

**Current agriculture system**
**Resource base**
**Major use of cropland**
**Major crops-coarse grains, wheat, soybeans, and all hay**
**World’s current agricultural problems**
**Conclusions**

## Current Agriculture System

**Large farm size**
**Highly capital intensive**
**High tech, hybrid and genetically modified seeds, precision farming and variable rate technology, yield mapping, center pivot irrigation systems, etc.**
**High yield **
**Provide food, fiber, and nonfood for domestic and export markets **
**Creates excess production and declining prices**

## Source: FAO/UN

## Biomass Feedstocks

**Crops containing:**
- 		Starch--grains, roots, etc.
- 		Sugar--sugar beets, sugar cane, sweet 	 	sorghum, etc.
- 		Oil--soybeans, rapeseed, peanuts oil, etc.
- 		Energy crops
**Byproducts--molasses, cheese whey, etc.**
**Animal fats--tallow, lard, etc. **
**Agriculture and forestry residues**
**Organic wastes--waste sugar and starch, sorted      ****	****municipal solid waste, etc.**

## Resource Base

**Total land:**
- Forest
- Pasture and range
- Cropland
- Others

## Slide 7

## Slide 8

## Slide 9

## Slide 10

## Slide 11

## Slide 12

## Slide 13

## Slide 14

## Slide 15

## 13%

- 52%

- 14%

- 18%

## Slide 17

## Slide 18

## Slide 19

## Slide 20

## Slide 21

## Slide 22

## Slide 23

## World’s Current Agricultural Problems

**Growing subsidy, increasing production incentives, and trade barriers**
**Major R&DD breakthrough leading to excess production**
**Exceptional production growth in developing countries adds pressure on production incentives**
**Stagnated food demand in mature markets**
**Aggressive competition in exports market**

## Agriculture Beyond Food

**Food:**
- Products differentiation
- Boutique commodities
- High-value products, organic food, and GM free food products
**Nonfood:**
- Biobased products, biofuels, solvents, adhesives, plastics, hydraulic fluid, pharmacutical, panels, foam, light weight cement, nutraceutical, etc.

## Conclusions

**Currently, corn is the lowest feedstock for production of ethanol in the U.S.**
**Corn use for production of ethanol will continue to increase**
**Existing cropland and cropland idled by Government programs (CRP) could be used to grow corn and other feedstock for production of biofuels, biopwer and biobased products**
# Presentation: 271673

## Visualization of GFDL/NOAA Climate Models

- Prabhat
- LBNL/NERSC
- DOECGF
- April 30, 2008

## Background

- GFDL/NOAA awarded 800K hours at NERSC
- next generation of climate simulations
- Simulations run on Franklin (Cray XT4)
- Data Management for multiple TBs
- Production Quality Visualizations

## Visualization requirements

- Limitations with standard desktop tools
- Ferret, IDL, GrADS, RenderMan, Blender
- Handle large datasets (10s of GB)
- NetCDF
- Climate and Forecast (CF) conventions
- Parallel processing
- Presentation quality images/movies
- Tool deployment at GFDL/NOAA

## GFDL/NOAA climate models (1/2)

- cm2.4
- Coupled Ocean/Atmosphere/Ice/Land model
- Atmosphere (1°), Ocean (0.25°)
- Tri-Polar mesh
- 1440x1070x50 grid
- 150 variables
- 12 timesteps
- ~20GB
- IPCC scenarios

## GFDL/NOAA climate models (2/2)

- c360
- Atmosphere (0.25°)
- Cube-Sphere mesh
- Scales well, no FFT
- 2160x2160x32 grid
- 60 variables
- 42 timesteps
- ~25GB
- Test runs for scaling to c2000

## VisIt

- Satisfied all of our collaborators needs
- Developed two plugins for climate models
- Avoid expensive conversion process
- Domain decomposition
- Pseudocolor plots
- Multiple overlays
- Annotation tools
- Spherical/planar projections
- ...

## Sample Results (cm2.4)

## Sample Results (c180/360)

## Some (un)expected lessons

- Use familiar colormaps
- Tool must have functionality to import colormaps (ncview->VisIt)
- Scientists have learnt to interpret rainbow maps!
- Simplify the plots
- Static image vs. Dynamic animations
- Be careful with rendering multiple fields

## Summary

- Implemented functionality within VisIt with short turn-around time
- Custom visualizations developed with scientist’s feedback
- Presented at DOE meetings/SC07
- VisIt deployed at GFDL/NOAA

## Acknowledgements

- GFDL/NOAA
- V. Balaji, Tony Rosati
- Chris Kerr, Remik Ziemlinski, Hans Valenkamp
- LBNL/NERSC
- Janet Jacobsen, Gunther Weber, Wes Bethel
- Richard Gerber
- LLNL
- Hank Childs
# Presentation: 773875

## Export-Import Bank

**Trade Winds Europe**
**Istanbul, Turkey**
**April 2008**

## Ex-Im Bank Overview

- Independent agency of the U.S. government
- In FY’07, Ex-Im Bank approved 2,793 authorizations which supported an estimated $16.0 billion in U.S. exports
- Supports short, medium, and long-term financing to _creditworthy_ international customers both public-and private sector.
*No minimum nor maximum project size*
- Special initiatives for U.S. small business exporters

## Ex-Im Bank Programs

- Working Capital Guarantee (for U.S. exporters)
- Export Credit Insurance (for U.S. exporters)
- Loans and Guarantees for the Foreign Buyer
- Limited Recourse  and Structured Finance

## Overview of Programs

## How We Make a Credit Decision

- Sovereign obligation to pay
- Corporate balance sheet (including local banks)
- Asset-based lending
- “Structured” finance (balance sheet plus credit enhancements)
- Limited Recourse Project Financing

## Credit Criteria for Trade Finance

- 3 Years of Audited Financial Statements
- Bank and Trade References
- Credit Report
- Foreign Borrowers with Consistent Earnings Do Not Require a Local Bank Guarantee

## Credit Decision for Structured Finance

- Adequate balance sheet to support project enhanced by special features that may include:
- A) Special Purpose Accounts (e.g. escrow accounts)
- B) Covenant and default provisions
- C) Insurance requirements
- D) Letters of Credit or other sources of funds that could be pledged

## Credit Decision for Project Finance

- Creditworthy sponsors with real equity
- Offtake contracts and/or good market studies
- Strong financial model
- Credible information provided on all aspects of the . . .
**project** (costs, structure, technical viability, risk allocation, risk mitigation)
**participants** (sponsors, offtakers, contractors, operators, suppliers, etc.)
**host country** (legal & regulatory framework, government role in project)

## Loans and Guarantees 

- Cover:
- 85% of U.S. contract price
- 15 % cash payment
- U.S. market interest rates
- 1-10 year terms (up to 14 years for PF)
- Fees:
- Commitment fee
- Exposure fee
- Buyer/Borrower or funding bank applies

## www.exim.gov

- Application Documents & Instructions
- Exposure Fees
- Program Information
- Country Limitation Schedule
- Board & Loan Committee Minutes
- Environmental Guidelines

## Contact Information

- Brian Sant Angelo
- International Business Development Officer
- 202.565.3484
- Brian.SantAngelo@exim.gov
# Presentation: 516826

## SPRING DEVELOPMENT

- Ken Bousfield, P.E.
- Utah Division of Drinking Water

## WHEN IS A SYSTEM PUBLIC?		

- Prior to Construction:
- Plan Review Issues
- Source Water Protection
- After Construction
- Construction Inspection
- After Use Meets the “Public” Definition
- Water Quality Monitoring

## BASIS FOR RULES:

- Plan review a “Primacy”      requirement
- Engineering principles
- Experienced based rules

## PRELIMINARY CONCERNS:

- Water Rights
- Source Protection
- Under the Direct Influence
- Chemical Quality
- Source Capacity

## PLAN REVIEW PROCESS:

- Anticipated Design
- “As Built” Plans
- Bacteriologic Quality
- Operational Permits

## Slide 6

## Slide 7

## Slide 8

## SPRING TRENCH DETAIL

## UNDERMINED SPRING:

## Slide 11

## Slide 12

## SPRING JUNCTION BOX:

## CAPACITY ISSUES:

- _Source Capacity_
- Peak Day Use
- _Storage Capacity_
- Average Day Use
- _Distribution Capacity_
- Peak Instantaneous Use

## SOURCE CAPACITY ISSUES:

- Peak Day Use in gallons/day (gpd)
- Residence: 800gpd
- Picnic/Park: 5gpd/person
- Visitor’s Center: 5gpd/person
- Campground Hydrant: 35gpd/person
# Presentation: 676268

## Direct Observations of Interstellar Neutral Atoms

- David Simpson/GSFC

## Slide 2

## Overview

- The appearance of a low-energy interstellar neutral atom signal in the LENA data had been predicted by S. Fuselier
- Hyperbolic orbits of interstellar neutral atoms around the Sun have been calculated in three dimensions
- Velocity vectors of neutrals with respect to IMAGE have been calculated, allowing for motion of the Earth and spacecraft, solar gravitation and deflection, and radiation pressure
- Calculated orbits have been used to predict the expectedlocation of an interstellar neutral atom signal in the LENAdata

## Slide 4

## Slide 5

## Slide 6

## Slide 7

## Slide 8

## Slide 9

## Slide 10

## Summary and Conclusions

-   Orbits of interstellar neutral atoms have been    calculated in three dimensions
-   Corrections have been made for the velocity   of the Earth wrt the Sun, velocity of the   spacecraft wrt the Earth, solar gravitation and   deflection, and radiation pressure
-   Results are consistent with earlier results of   Fuselier, Bzowski
-   Location of signal in LENA spectrograms in   Jan.-Feb. 2001 is consistent with the expected   direction of interstellar neutral atoms
-   Preliminary results suggest that the observed   signal is most consistent with helium-4
# Presentation: 672817

## Net Metering for Wind29 states have net metering for all rural consumers

**Treatment of Net Excess Energy:**
**	****Monthly**
**	****Annual or monthly @****	****retail rate**
**	****Varies by utility**

**	****None**
**	****Individual Utilities**
**	****Investor-Owned Utilities Only, **_**Not**_** Rural Cooperatives**
**	****Investor-Owned Utilities **_**and**_** Rural Cooperatives**

- Revised:  2Apr08
- Source:    www.dsireusa.org

** ****100/10**

**1,000**

**100**

**500**

**100**

**80,000**

**100**

**40**

**20**

**25/100**

**10**

**60**

**1,000**

**25/125**

**100**

**250**

**100**

**50/3,000**

**50**

**25/2,000**

**No Limit**

**1,000/1,650**

**2,000**

**2,000**

**25/500/2,000**

**2,000**

**40**

**25**

**25/300**

**10/100**

**50/100**

**2,000/****25**

**25/100**

**30**

**2,000/25/10**

**20/100**

**50**

**Size limits ****for each state****noted in kW**

**10/500**

**2,000**

**DC 100**

**25**

**15**

**100**
# Presentation: 918490

## Energetic Particles and the Magnetospheric Cusps

- Theodore A. Fritz

*Huntsville Workshop        October 31, 2000       *
- Callaway Gardens        Pine Mountain, Georgia

_***Significant Contributors***_
*Jiasheng Chen, Mohamed Alothman, Eric Foreman, Maria Karra [Boston University],*
* **Volt Lutsenko [IKI, Russia],*
* **Richard Belian, Reiner Freidel, Geoff Reeves [Los Alamos]*

## Modified from Roederer, 1967

## Energetic Particles Observed by Polar in the Pseudo-trapping Region

- Fritz, 2000

## Slide 4

## Scanned slide

- 19960917 IPS Energy Spectra

## Scanned slide

- 19980426 IPS Energy Spectra

## Local Time distribution of Polar Time-Energy Dispersion Events

- Karra and Fritz, 1999

- Cusp Energetic Particle Event

- Fritz, et al., 1999

## Shabansky orbit

## Slide 10

## Lyons and Williams, 1984

- X

- LANL 97A

- LANL 1994-084

- x

- Polar
- Located 3 Re above
- the equatorial plane

- x

## Scanned slideSOPA LANL-97A

## Scanned slideSOPA 1994-084

## Scanned slide

- Polar observes major injection at 05:14 UT

## Slide 15

## Slide 16

## At 05:15:36 UT, Interball observes major flux increase

**At 05:15:36 UT,** **Interball observes major flux increase**

-   Earthward looking sensor

## Comparison of first two spectra following onset 

**Comparison of first two spectra following onset**

## Slide 19

## Slide 20

## Slide 21

## Slide 22

## Slide 23

**A new paradigm?**

- On June 28, 1999,there were no energetic particles upstream in the interplanetary medium prior to 05:10 UT when a large density pulse in the solar wind impacted the magnetopause.
- Immediately following the compression of the magnetopause inside the geostationary orbit near the subsolar point, energetic particles were observed to be precipatating into the low-altitude polar cusp.
- Polar observed ion fluxes with ring current energies coincident with a Dst depression  when Polar was located at ~7 MLT and greater than three Earth radii above the equatorial plane.  Their composition was recent solar wind.
- The Interball DOK2 experiment 21 Re upstream observed particles arriving from the direction of the Earth 6 minutes after the magnetopause compression.  The particles were seen even later at Wind and Geotail.
- _Conclusion: _The present paradigm is not consistent with either the rapid energization of solar wind plasma to ring current energies or the location of the ring current ions observed.
# Presentation: 743202

## Portland General ElectricEfficiency Services

- Presentation
- Conservation or Crisis:
- A Northwest Choice
- September 24, 2001

## Portland General Electric

- Largest Oregon Investor Owned Utility
- Centered in the Portland Metropolitan core
- 1 billion dollars in retail revenue (2000)
- 725,000 customers and 2260 MWa load (2000)
- Residential - 637,300  -  836 MWa
- Commercial - 87,500  -  858 MWa
- Industrial - 200  -       566 MWa

## History

- Conservation/energy efficiency programs offered to customers since 1970’s
- Acquired 109 MWa since 1991 through 2000
- Residential -  28 MWa - ~ 300,000+ participants
- Commercial/Industrial -  76 MWa -~6300 projects
- Market Transformation - ~4 MWa - NEEA
- Since 1991 - $129,000,000

## Portfolio Strategy - 2000

- PGE plants -1217 MWa
- Purchased power -1036 MWa
- Energy Efficiency  - 6.5 MWa
- Renewable power - 7.5 MWa (part of purchased power)

## Key Energy Efficiency Programs

- Commercial Market
- New Construction - Earth AdvantageTM
- Retrofit Commissioning
- Industrial Market
- Industrial Process
- Residential Market
- CFL’s today

## Challenges

- How do you sell to customers that don’t feel they want to invest in energy efficiency
- What are the price signals that the customers are getting to motivate them to invest in energy efficiency
- How do you get the customer to buy in
- How do you address the first cost issue

## Key Motivational Factors

- Commercial
- Sell it in their terms, i.e., what is important to them, not energy cost savings but O&M savings, productivity, product quality, etc.
- Show them the total financial picture
- Industrial
- Customize the package to fit their needs
- Partner with them
- Residential
- Make it easy!!
# Presentation: 516810

## CAREER: Theory and Simulation of the Structure and Mechanical Properties of Non-crystalline SolidsMichael L. Falk, University of Michigan, DMR-0135009 

- CAREER: Theory and Simulation of the Structure and Mechanical Properties of Non-crystalline Solids**Michael L. Falk, University of Michigan, DMR-0135009**

- During mechanical testing metallic glasses and other non-crystalline solids often undergo strain localization during which deformation concentrates along bands only a few nanometers wide.  This has consequences for material strength and reliability.  The simulation data shown to the right demonstrates that such localization arises only for sufficiently relaxed glasses.  The transition from localized to homogeneous flow corresponds to a percolation transition in the structure.

- A transition in the rate dependence of  localization during tensile testing of a non-crystalline solid
- Shi and Falk, PRL, Vol. 95, 095502

## CAREER: Theory and Simulation of the Structure and Mechanical Properties of Non-crystalline SolidsMichael L. Falk, University of Michigan, DMR-0135009 

- Education
- This year I started an outreach effort with Kelley Clark, a 5th grade teacher at the Harvey Milk Civil Rights Academy, a public school in San Francisco.  The students are racially and linguistically diverse and many qualify for federal school lunches.  We are developing interactive science curricula that are integrated with language arts exercises, and hope to incorporate student-to-student communication with a similar class in the Detroit area.