# Presentation: 143329

## Source & Optics

**Source & Optics**
***James M. Ablett***
*National Synchrotron Light Source*

**Notes:**
In this workshop, 

## NSLS 2.8 GeV X-ray Storage Ring

## X13 Straight-Section

- MGU

- EPW

_**X13 Straight-Section**_

## NSLS 'Hard' X-Ray Sources

_**NSLS 'Hard' X-Ray Sources**_

- Photon Energy [keV]

**◊****MGU**

- ◊ IVUN

- NSLS Bending Magnet

- X21 / X25 Wigglers

- X17 Wiggler

- X13 Wiggler

**1****st**** Harmonic**

**2****nd**** Harmonic**

**3****rd**** Harmonic**

- Log [ Brightness ( ph / sec / mm2 /mrad2 / 0.1% BW / 300 mA) ]

## X13 Undulator Source

- The Mini-Gap Undulator [MGU] – the brightest source of hard x-rays
- (E ~ 3.7 keV –16 keV) at the NSLS.
- 					MGU parameters:
- 					54 pole, 1.25 cm period
- 					At a gap of 3.3 mm , Magnetic field = 0.92 Tesla 					and Deflection Parameter, K~1.07
- 					Fundamental @ 3.7 keV,
- 					4x1017 ph/sec/mm2/mrad2/0.1%BW/300mA

## MGU Spectral Measurements

- 12

- 14

- 16

- 10

- 8

- 6

- 4

- 2

- 0

- 2x1017

- 6x1017

- 8x1017

- Brightness (ph/sec/mm2/mrad2/0.1%BW/300mA)

- Calculated

- Experiment

- Photon Energy [keV]

- 4x1017

- 2

- 6

- 10

- 14

- 18

- 14

- 15

- 16

- 17

- 18

- Photon Energy [keV]

- Log[Brightness (ph/sec/mm2/mrad2/0.1%BW/300mA)]

**MGU Spectral Measurements**
**(August 2002 ****Ablett,Berman****)**

- MGU Brightness – Magnetic Gap=3.3 mm

- MGU Tuning Curves

## Current X13B Beamline Status

**Current X13B Beamline Status**

- monochromator

- hutch

- 27

- 24

- 20

- 15

- 12

- numbers (in meters )indicate distance from center
- of X13 straight-section, where MGU is located.

## Specifications

-  The X13B microdiffraction instrument will be modular and compactin design, which will make available a variety of x-ray optics forthe experimentalist.
- Focused X-ray Beams on the micron-length scale and below,
- together with low and high x-ray divergence will be available with these optics.These will be mounted on a motorized rails and will bereadily accessible.
- Pink Beam (Laue)  and Monochromatic modes of operationwill be available.- Energy tunability will be accomplished through a 4 bounce monochromator.

## X13B Microdiffraction Instrument Layout

- 24

- 27

- 26

- 25

- Distance from MGU source [meters]

- detector circle

- four-bounce mono tank

- x-ray microfocusing optics

- diffractometer

- vibration isolation table

**X13B Microdiffraction Instrument Layout**

- vibration isolation table

## Suite of Optics offered

- 	Pin Holes
- 	Capillaries
- 	KB Mirrors
- 	Zone Plates
- 	Planar Refractive Lenses (Current R&D)

## Kirkpatrick-Baez Elliptical Mirrors

**Key Features:**
- Achromatic - Energy independent focusing-pink beam and monochromatic modes
- Accurate Elliptical Figures Achievable (either by bending ormetal deposition ) – Small Spot Sizes
- High Reflectivity at Grazing Incidence Angles

**Kirkpatrick-Baez Elliptical Mirrors**

- Heavy metal

- Polished spherical
- Silicon substrate

## Vertical blade scan current derivative

- Horizontal blade scan current derivative

- blade position [ microns ]

- blade position [ microns ]

**~ 3 microns FWHM**

**~ 9 microns FWHM**

*...**differentially-deposited elliptical KB optics have been used at X13B**during the past few years, designed primarily for high-pressure x-ray spectroscopy.*

**X13B Microprobe**

## X13B Microprobe

**X13B Microprobe**

## Calcium K Fluorescence Mapping of Osteoarthritic Bone

- 3.7 mm

- 3.3 mm

**1.**

**2.**

**3.**

**1.**

**3.**

**2.**

**Calcium K******** Fluorescence Mapping of Osteoarthritic Bone**

## Preliminary KB layout

- 3cm

- 10 cm

- 2cm

- 25 m to MGU source

- focal position

- incident x-rays

**Preliminary KB layout**

- Expected Parameters
- 1 micro-radian figure error
- Spot size – 0.7 x 2 micron2
- Divergence – 1mrad (v) x 7 mrad(h)
- 8 keV, 6x109 ph/sec
- Gain 5x104

- With Figure Error (1 micro-radian)

## X13B Microprobe R&D Efforts

- Position [mm]

- Intensity [arb. Unit]

**X13B Microprobe R&D Efforts**
**-Planar Refractive Lenses**
**(K. Evans-Lutterodt, J.M. Ablett)**

## Summary

**Summary**
- A state-of-the-art hard x-ray microdiffraction instrumentis proposed for NSLS mini-gap undulator beamline X13B.It will offer a variety of x-ray microfocusing optics –micron scale spatial resolution and below
- & high and low divergence.
- Big-beam (unfocused ) mode.
- Pink Beam and Monochromatic Modes of Operation.
- Simultaneous fluorescence and diffraction information.