# Presentation: 565904

## National Communications SystemEmergency Support Function (ESF-2)Communications Training

**Presented By:**
**Elizabeth A. Wilson**
**President & CEO **
**Cell-Tel Government Systems, Inc.**
**May 2006 **

## Topics

**Topics**

**Notes:**
These are the topics from the email.  Telephony

## Hurricane Andrew (Commercial Assistance)
Oklahoma City Bombing (Commercial Assistance)
9/11 at Capitol Hill (Support DoD and Congress)
Guantanamo Bay Cuba (JTF Interoperable and Secure Communications Support)
Tsunami Relief (USNS Mercy Shipboard Cellular)
Hurricane Katrina (FEMA)
Hurricane Rita (FEMA)

**Oklahoma City Bombing** ***(Commercial Assistance)***
**9/11 at Capitol Hill** **(*****Support DoD and Congress)***
**Guantanamo Bay Cuba** ***(JTF Interoperable and Secure Communications Support)***
**Tsunami Relief** ***(USNS Mercy Shipboard Cellular)***
**Hurricane Katrina** ***(FEMA)***
**Hurricane Rita** ***(FEMA)***

**Qualifications and Experience**

**Notes:**
Somalia Between Andrew and OK City Mogadishu
GTMO = JTF Interoperable communications Support 
Katrina PFO Operations Primary Federal Operations Center Support

## Qualifications and Experience

***Guantanamo Bay Cuba***

***Capitol Building ******September 2001***

***Indonesia Tsunami***

**Qualifications and Experience**

***New Orleans ******Hurricane Katrina***

## What’s the disaster?

Chemical - Biological  - Nuclear
Pandemic 
Earthquake
Flood 
Hurricane
Tornado
Volcano
Fire
Airline Disasters

**What’s the disaster?**
**Chemical - Biological  - Nuclear**
**Pandemic **
**Earthquake**
**Flood **
**Hurricane**
**Tornado**
**Volcano**
**Fire**
**Airline Disasters**

## Where is the disaster?

Urban 
Rural
Topography
Environment Considerations
Desert 
Mountainous

**Urban **
**Rural**
**Topography**
**Environment Considerations**
**Desert **
**Mountainous**

**Responder Logistics**

**Notes:**
Is it Hot, Cold, Rainy, Dry, Smoke from Fires, Blizzard Conditions High Winds 

## Responder Logistics

## Responding Agencies 
Local
State
National Guard
Federal 
International
Volunteer Agencies
Red Cross 
Salvation Army 

**Local**
**State**
**National Guard**
**Federal **
**International**
**Volunteer Agencies**
***Red Cross ***
***Salvation Army***** **

**Responder Logistics**

**Police**
**Fire**
**EMS**
**Elected Officials**
**Media**
***Televised Media***
***Printed Media***

**Notes:**
With Media
Responding 
Local
State
National Guard
Federal International
FBI FEMA 
State Department 
Coast Guard
Armed Forces (military)

## Responder Logistics

**Responder Logistics**

## What equipment is available and can be used?

Existing Structures / Buildings 
Power
Telecommunications
Transportation / Logistics

**Existing Structures / Buildings **
**Power**
**Telecommunications**
**Transportation / Logistics**

**Responder Logistics**

**Notes:**
Non standard process for deployment
Satellite Phones
BGAN Terminals 
Bandwidth 
Reduce Bandwidth –leads to bandwidth management
Control
Spectrum Organization 
Need Height Bucket Trucks Towers. Power 
Batteries Generators Diesel Generators Power 12 24 or 48 DC Power systems 
The only source of fuel that is readily available.   Solar Power or Hydrogen Fuel Sources Need a slide with generators. 
Are existing telephone lines working?  Hot voice Circuits 
Transportation – Debris

## How should equipment be deployed?

Mobile vehicle mounted 
Transit cases deployable
Trailer mounted 
Lightweight man portable

**How should equipment be deployed?**
**Mobile vehicle mounted **
**Transit cases deployable**
**Trailer mounted **
**Lightweight man portable**

**Responder Logistics**

**Notes:**
Site Survey Removed 
Satellite Trailer Behind IT WHITE VEHCILE. 

## Wireless Solution

**Wireless Solution**

**(2) Cellular Antenna **

**(1) Satellite System**

**(3) Microwave Radio **

**(5) Air to Ground Antenna System**

**(4) Wi-Fi Mesh Radio**

**Notes:**
These are the topics from the email.  Images of BGAN – KU Band Satellite Types
KU BGAN 2 way Satellite Globalstar PDF MTN Marketing slick Proxim Pictures
LMR Motorola
EF Johnson
WiFi Pictures 
3 Eti
CDMA

## Satellite (Backhaul)
EOC requirements
Bandwidths available
Equipment needed
Staging and operations
Ease of use 

**Satellite (Backhaul)**
**EOC requirements**
**Bandwidths available**
**Equipment needed**
**Staging and operations**
**Ease of use**

**Satellite**

## Satellite

| Product |     GlobalStar | Mobile TT527 | MVS 1200BUC TBD |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Size (mm) | NA | 19” 1U rack-mountable 
casing, H and W: 30cm/12“
approx. 3kg/7lbs | 1.2 Meter |
| Weight | 13oz | Approx 70lbs includes Above Deck Equipment and Below Deck Equipment | 150 lbs.  |
| Standard IP: up to | Up to 9600 bps data service (asynchronous, internet dial-up)  | Voice and data, Rx / Tx: 464kbps/448kbps (simultaneously)
 | Up to 
3Mbps / 3Mbps
Up to 144 VoIP lines
 |
| Streaming IP | Use as a 64k modem using 
RS232 port for Data Service | 128,000 bps communications can be achieved by bonding to units together | 3000 kbps up to 8000 kbps |
| Voice | - Cellular Digital CDMA (800 MHz)
- Cellular Analog AMPS (800 MHz) | RJ11 port handset 
And Ethernet | RJ11 port handset 
And Ethernet |
| Band | Modes - CDMA Satellite

Short Message Service (SMS)
Built in GPS 

 | L Band

On the Move Communications  | Ku Band
Widest CONUS 

On Demand Bandwidth
Future Proofed   |

**Satellite**

**Notes:**
24 Hours a day on demand dedicated bandwidth 
Up to 8Mpbs up and down. 

MORE ON BANDS

C Band is 1.8 Meter at the minimum – works better through weather not practical for the United States Ku band is highly desirable in the United States – C band would not provide broadband it is simply a frequency difference with larger wavelengths which requires a larger array and is typically used in Africa. Internet Cafes in Nigeria – older gen equipment.

A mobile application should be a Ku band in the United States – Ka bands are spot beam technology. 

Ka covers the US but are made of smaller beams in various areas. Ka would cover a sate Ku would cover the United States.  

Local Televised stations would be Ka for instance but if you move out of your area you cannot pick up the channel.   Closest to using a LAN line with the lowest latency available. Security Capable with FIPS 140-2 Compliant. 

## Satellite

| Manufacturer | Hughes | Add value | Nera SatCom | Thrane | Hughes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Size (mm) | 300 x 240 x 40 | 254 x 180 x 59 | 200 x 140 x 40 | 217 x 217 x 52  | 345 x 275 x 50 |
| Weight | 1.6 Kg | 1.25 Kg | <1 Kg | <1.5 Kg | 2.8 Kg |
| Standard IP: up to | 144/144kbps | 384/240kbps | 384/240kbps | 464/448kbps | 492/492kbps |
| Streaming IP | n/a | 32, 64kbps | 32, 64kbps | 32, 64, 128kbps | 32, 64, 128, 256 kbps |
| ISDN | n/a | n/a | n/a | Via USB | 1 x 64kbps |
| Voice | Via VoIP | RJ11 or Bluetooth handset/headset | RJ45 or Bluetooth handset | RJ11 or Bluetooth handset; 3.1kHz audio | ISDN handset |
| Data interfaces | USB, Bluetooth, Ethernet | USB, Bluetooth, Ethernet | USB, Bluetooth
Ethernet – Q2 06 | USB, Bluetooth, Ethernet | USB, Ethernet, 802.11b WLAN |

**Satellite**

**Notes:**
Here is a detailed summary of the BGAN terminals that will be available – some already and some next year.

The manufacturers of the 3 terminals that are currently available are also here today to provide detail on their products.

But first, we would like to show you a short video that encapsulates what BGAN is all about...

## Radio Interoperability
Link-Comm (TCB Series)
JPS (ACU-1000, Tactical)
Sytech (RIOS)
Spherecom (PacStar 5500)

**Radio Interoperability**
**Link-Comm (TCB Series)**
**JPS (ACU-1000, Tactical)**
**Sytech (RIOS)**
**Spherecom (PacStar 5500)**

** ****VHF**
** ****UHF**
** ****800 Mhz**
** ****Sincgars**
** ****Air to Ground**
** ****UHF Satcom**

## Radio Interoperability

|  | JPS ACU-1000 | Link TCB-3 Interface | JPS ACU-T | Link TCB-2 Interface | Infinimode G4 Portable unit | Link TCB-2 Interface |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Radio Ports | Up to 12 | 16 ports Standard, up to 32 total | 6 port | 10 ports Standard, 6 port Option | 8 ports | 10 ports Standard, 6 port Option |
| Radio operating mode | Unknown | Five radio modes | Unknown | Five radio modes | Two radio modes | Five radio modes |
| Audio Delay | 1 Second Maximum | 5 Seconds Maximum | 1 Second Maximum | 5 Seconds Maximum | Unknown | 5 Seconds Maximum |
| Receiver access mode | VOX COR / TCSS DCS | VOX COR / TCSS DCS | VOX COR / TCSS DCS | VOX COR / TCSS DCS | VOX COR / TCSS DCS | VOX COR / TCSS DCS |
| Transmit connection | Balanced/Unbalanced standard | Balanced/Unbalanced standard | Balanced/Unbalanced standard | Balanced/Unbalanced standard | Balanced/Unbalanced standard | Balanced/Unbalanced standard |
| Talk Groups | 6 standard | Up to 16 standard | 3 standard | 5 standard | 5 standard | 5 standard |
| Simplex repeater mode | None | 2 minutes/port | None | 2 minutes/port | None | 2 minutes/port |
| Duplex repeater mode | Unknown | Standard | Unknown | Standard | None | Standard |
| Trunking mode | Unknown | Standard with adaptive
digital audio delay | Unknown | Standard with adaptive
digital audio delay | Unknown | Standard with adaptive
digital audio delay |
| System adjustments | RS-232 Port and Network connection | RS-232, Network connection and front panel adjustment | RS-232 port and Network connection | RS-232, Network connection and front panel adjustment | RS-232 port and Network connection | RS-232, Network connection and front panel adjustment |

## Radio Port Accessibility
Local/Remote Port Programming 
Group or Network Management
Local/Remote Access and Control
Frequency Agile Radio System 

- Local/Remote Port Programming
- Group or Network Management
- Local/Remote Access and Control
- Frequency Agile Radio System

**Radio Interoperability**

**Notes:**
Public Demonstration of TCB4 and other equipment at 1500-1700

## Spectrum Availability
Programming (Web Based/Telnet)
Backhaul (4.9Ghz Public Service Band)
Security (WEP, WPA, AES)
FIPS 140-2 Compliant 
Power Requirements

- Programming (Web Based/Telnet)
- Backhaul (4.9Ghz Public Service Band)
- Security (WEP, WPA, AES)
- FIPS 140-2 Compliant
- Power Requirements

**Wi-Fi Mesh Radios**

**Notes:**
The term Wi-Fi has become synonymous with wireless local loop networking and in particular the term 802.11 suite of technologies. 

## Wi-Fi Devices

**Wi-Fi Devices**

## WIRELESS LAN

Desktop’s (VTC, Voice, Data/E-Mail) 
Laptop’s (VTC, Voice, Data/E-Mail)
IP Phones (Wired/Wireless)
PDA’s
VTC

* FIPS 140-2 

**Desktop’s *****(VTC, Voice, Data/E-Mail) ***
**Laptop’s *****(VTC, Voice, Data/E-Mail)***
**IP Phones *****(Wired/Wireless)***
**PDA’s**
**VTC**
- * ***FIPS 140-2***

**Wi-Fi Devices**

## GSM-CDMA 
Spectrum (Government/Commercial)
Secure and Non Secure
Data Capacity
Scalability
Portability
Power Requirements

**GSM-CDMA **
**Spectrum (Government/Commercial)**
**Secure and Non Secure**
**Data Capacity**
**Scalability**
**Portability**
**Power Requirements**

**Cellular**

**Notes:**
Preplanning Spectrum Control – Example of call Ratio during a million man march.  Tyoe

## PBX

PSTN Connectivity
Feature Functionality
       (MLPP, Conference Bridging, Global Broadcast)

**PSTN Connectivity**
**Feature Functionality**
**       ****(MLPP, Conference Bridging, Global Broadcast)**

**Wireless Solution**

## System Anatomy

##  Phases of Communications 

** ****Phases of Communications**

**Pre-Incident**

**Incident Period**

**Post Incident**

**Deactivation**

**Customer Support Capabilities Include:**

**  ****Deployment of Multiple **
**   ****Response Teams within**
**   ****the affected areas**
**  ****Cross-Spectrum **
**    ****Interoperability**
**  ****Communication  with local **
**   ****Emergency Responders **
**   ****online within one hour**
**  ****Satellite Backhaul for phone,**
**   ****data and video**
** ****Internet Access**
**  ****Wi-Fi Mesh (local)**

**  ****Cellular User Database**
**   ****Coordination**
**  ****Local Responder **
**   ****Frequency Coordination**
**  ****Pre-Position**
**      ****Deployable**
**   ****Assets**

**  ****Commercial Power restored**
**  ****PSTN/Broadband **
**   ****connectivity**
**  ****MERS Vehicle **
**   ****Departure**
**  ****Customer Support **
**   ****provide Satellite **
**   ****Backhaul (if required)**
**  ****Customer Support to **
**    ****maintain Cellular **
**    ****Communications,**
**    ****Cross-Spectrum **
**    ****Interoperability**
**    ****Internet Access, **
**    ****Wi-Fi  Mesh (as**
**       ****required)**
**  **

**  ****Deployment of GSM **
**   ****Cellular System**
**  ****Provide Remote Site**
**   ****Connectivity via**
**   ****Microwave**
**  ****MERS Vehicle Arrival**
**  ****High Bandwidth**
**   ****SATCOM in place**
**  ****PSTN Connectivity    **
**      ****upon**
**   ****arrival of MERS**
**      ****Vehicle**

## Pre-incident to Incident Periods Initial Response Team Positioned and then Conducts Damage/Incident Assessment Surveys

- Equipment easily mounts to small vehicles or portable transit cases.
- Each site is operational with 20 minute set up time.
_**Components**_
**Tracstar 960 Satellite Backhaul (supports Broadband / VoIP applications.)**
**TCB-4 or TCB 332 (UHF, VHF, Deployable Trunked Radio System with Antenna Package)**
**Laptop access for Responder4 WAN Applications.**
**WiFi IP Mesh Network**
**Power Supply (95-265 VAC 50/60 Hz, 12-48 VDC)**
**Router / Firewall**
**3.9 kw Portable Diesel Generator (48 hour operation)**

**Pre-incident to Incident Periods **Initial Response Team Positioned and then Conducts Damage/Incident Assessment Surveys

**802.11**
- WiFi Mesh
- FIPS 140-2 Compliant

-  IP Phone(s)

- VTC

- Laptops

- Data

- Four toll free telephone numbers for State EOC Coordination
- Phone & Fax support
- (800) xxx-xxxx

- Router
- (DHCP)

- Satellite Ku Band
- Modem

- VHF
- (138-174 MHz)

- 800 MHz
- Trunking

- Deployable
- Trunked Radio

- SINCGARS
- or other
- Tactical
- Radio System

- UHF
- (406 – 470 MHz)

- Radio Interoperability

- HF Radio
- (2-30 MHz)

- UHF
- SATCOM

**Typical Configuration**

## Post-Incident Period Initial Response Team Remote Sites are Linked with the MERS and the Ancillary Hub Node

_**Additional Ancillary Hub Node Equipment Includes:**_
- Network Management and Portal Resources
- TCB-4 Radio Interoperability
- Switch for voice PSTN and Broadband Connectivity
- Secure GSM Cellular System
- Microwave connection  to remote sites.

**Crypto**

**Microwave**

**BTS**

- T1 x 2

**32 MB**

**KU**

**BSC**

**MSC**

**SMS**

**PBX**

** ****DHCP**

**Portal**

**NETOPS**

**Router**

**IWF**

- 802.11

**Post-Incident Period **Initial Response Team Remote Sites are Linked with the MERS and the Ancillary Hub Node

**TCB-4**

**FEMA**
**Network**

**VHF**

**UHF**

**800 Mhz Trunking**

**SINGARS or other radio systems**

** **
**SINGLE/MULTIPLE REMOTE **
** ****DEPLOYED SURVEY SITES**
**WITH ENABLED EQUIPMENT**

** **
**ANCILLARY **
**NODE SITE**
** ****DEPLOYED BY CELL-TEL CO-LOCATED W/MERS VEHICLE**

**MERS**

**Government Controlled Spectrum**

## Post-Incident Period Initial Response Team Remote Sites are Linked with the MERS and the Ancillary Hub Node

- Government Controlled Spectrum

**BTS**

- T1 x 2

- 32 MB

**This event includes the activation of the microwave and BTS for extended secure cellular functionality to each of the initial remote survey sites.**

**Post-Incident Period** Initial Response Team Remote Sites are Linked with the MERS and the Ancillary Hub Node

**Router**

**95-265 VAC 50/60 Hz**
**12-48 VDC Power**

**Fire Wall**

**TCB-4**

**FEMA**
**Network**

**SINGARS or other radio systems**

**VHF**

**UHF**

**800 Mhz Trunking**

- Local number for FEMA order wire communications for coordination

**802.11**

- WiFi Mesh
**DHCP**

- IP Phone

- VTC

- Laptop
- Applications

- Data

**SINGLE REMOTE  SURVEY SITE**
**ENABLED TO LINK WITH MERS**
** ****AND ANCILLARY NODE SITE AND WITH **
**ANY OTHER “INCIDENT NETWORK SITE”**

**BGAN/IMS**
**/MotoSat**

**Crypto**

**Microwave**

## Post-Incident through De-Activation Periods Initial Response Team Remote Sites Remain Linked with the Leave-Behind Hub Node Autonomously Linked with the NII

**Crypto**

**Microwave**

**BTS**

- T1 x 2

- 32 MB

**BSC**

**MSC**

**SMS**

** ****DHCP**

**Portal**

**NETOPS**

**Router**

**IWF**

- 802.11

-  Deployment continues with the departure of  the state or federal MERS vehicle(s) when directed.
_**Additional Leave Behind Hub Node Equipment Includes:**_
- Network Management and Portal Resources to interface with the NII (federal, NGO, and commercial resources)
- Broadband router and or modem with network firewall.
- Switch configured for voice PSTN and selected Broadband Connectivity
- Secure Type 1 Broadband GW
- Microwave connection  to remote sites.

**Post-Incident through De-Activation Periods ****Initial Response Team Remote Sites Remain Linked with the Leave-Behind Hub Node Autonomously Linked with the NII**

**TCB-4**

**FEMA**
**Network**

**VHF**

**UHF**

**800 Mhz Trunking**

**SINGARS or other radio systems**

**SINGLE/MULTIPLE REMOTE **
** ****DEPLOYED SURVEY SITES**
**WITH ENABLED EQUIPMENT**

**ANCILLARY **
**NODE SITE**
** ****DEPLOYED BY CELL-TEL CO-LOCATED W/MERS VEHICLE**

**GW Router/Modem/FW**

**Satellite or Commercial Broadband (DSL or Cable) to Route Traffic to the National Information Infrastructure (NII)**

**Type 1 Crypto**

- Government Controlled Spectrum

## Questions?

- Back up Slides
- Not for use

## Distance Ratio

**HUB****(Main Site)**

**Distance Ratio**

_**Components**_
- Backhaul Antenna
- SATCOM
- Router w/Firewall
- Wireless Radio (WiFi)
- IP VTC
- Laptop
- Two Servers
- VoIP
- Two Phones
- One POLYCOM

**EDICS**

- SATCOM

- VTC

- Laptop

- Router (Firewall)

- POLYCOM

- 5.8 MHz Backhaul

_**Components**_
- Router w/Wireless LAN
- IP VTC
- Laptop
- VoIP
- Two Phones
- One POLYCOM

- VTC

- Laptop

- POLYCOM

- WLAN/Router

-  VoIP

- TriBand
- Antenna*

**Remote Site****(One of Five Sites)**

- 2.4 MHz

- 4.9 MHz

- (**AES**)

- (WPA/WEP)

**Notes:**
SkyPilot equipment is FEPs Certified	
The TriBand Antenna (5.8, 4.9 and 2.4 MHz) Frequencies not available until May 2006
The TriBand Antenna released in May of 2006 will support wireless only (no Ethernet connection)
The backhaul frequency is 5.8 MHz LOS and uses AES encryption
The distance of backhaul is 10 miles
The range of the dualband and triband antennas is 1200 feet
The remote sites use WPA/WEP encryption
The Router at the Hub site provides IP addresses for the equipment

## Must be autonomous 
Operational ready
Novice user set up
Portable
Bandwidth Management

- Must be autonomous
- Operational ready
- Novice user set up
- Portable
- Bandwidth Management

**Equipment **

**Notes:**
General cost of equipment and setup speeds.  How the equipment works with other products.  What can be sent and received using satellite equipment.
LOS discussion.  Data Rates Exchanged.

## Essential Coordination
Multiple Devices reduction of bandwidth 
Capabilities 
Voice
Data
Video 
Data Rates
Avoiding High Bandwidth Fees
Alternatives
Equipment
See notes below

- Essential Coordination
- Multiple Devices reduction of bandwidth
- Capabilities
- Voice
- Data
- Video
- Data Rates
- Avoiding High Bandwidth Fees
- Alternatives
- Equipment
**See notes below**

**LMR**

**Notes:**
While the intentions of communications providers are good the use of too many devices can cause more harm than good by minimizing bandwidth through excessive use and zero coordination. Therefore Coordination is essential.  A database or system must exist which contains information such as the “known resources” such as CSX Commercial Statewide Communications equipment.  Having the knowledge of commercial resources available will better serve First Responders should FR Equipment Networks fail or lose connections.   

Frequency Resources must be managed.   

## Spectrum and Analysis

**1**

***Spectrum Concerns******:******-Spectrum Analysis ******-Radio Frequency (RF) Technologies******- Wireless RF LAN Deployment******- Wireless RF and Wireless LAN Implementation and Management******- Wireless Networks Security******- Troubleshooting Wireless LAN Installations******- Wireless RF LAN Site Survey***

**Spectrum and Analysis**

**Notes:**
Research to determine how many devices can be used before equipment becomes ineffective must be done. One approach would be for each county and parish to do a community survey from every major corporation to determine contingent communications equipment in place (in the event of an emergency).  This data should be coordinated and shared with all First Responders Nationwide or at the very least shared at the time of an emergency operations center setup.

## Slide 36

| Manufacturer | Nortel | REDCOM | Avaya |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |

## What each EOC must have
See notes below

- What each EOC must have
- See notes below

**Bandwidth Availability**

**Notes:**
General cost of equipment and setup speeds.  How the equipment works with other products.  What can be sent and received using satellite equipment.
LOS discussion.  Data Rates Exchanged.