# Presentation: 138335

## Standardization in China

**Standardization in China**
**Xiao Han**
**Standardization Administration of China**

***Sino-US Workshop****** ******on Fire Safety in the Built Environment***

## Slide 2

## Part 1:
Responsibilities and Structure of SAC

**Responsibilities and Structure of SAC**

## 1. Main Responsibilities of SAC 

- To organize the implementation of laws, regulation and systems on standardization
- To formulate the development programs on standardization of China
- To organize the development and revision of national standards
- To guide the scientific and technical work related to standardization

## To manage the national technical committees of standardization (TC/SC) 
To guide the work of professional standards and local standards
To represent China to join ISO, IEC and organize domestic sectors and local areas to participate in the international or regional activities on standardization

- To guide the work of professional standards and local standards
- To represent China to join ISO, IEC and organize domestic sectors and local areas to participate in the international or regional activities on standardization

**1. Main Responsibilities of SAC **

## To administer the national systems of organizational entity codes and commodity bar codes
To popularize national standards; to supervise the implementation of national standards 
To administer national information work on standardization;
To carry out the notification and consulting work of standards stipulated by WTO/TBT Agreement. 

- To popularize national standards; to supervise the implementation of national standards
- To administer national information work on standardization;
- To carry out the notification and consulting work of standards stipulated by WTO/TBT Agreement.

**1. Main Responsibilities of SAC **

## 2. Structure of SAC

## Part 2:
Management System of Standardization in China

**Management System of Standardization in China**

## 1. Management System of standardization in China

## 2. Research Institutes on Standardization 

- Number: 26
- Level: National; Local
- Industries, including:
- mechanism, electronics, chemical industry, metallurgical industry, textile, communications, railways, aviation and space, posts and telecommunications, environmental protection

## Part 3:
Law System on Standardization in China

**Law System on Standardization in China**

## Law system on standardization 

**Law system on**** ****standardization **

## Part 4:
Standard System and National Standard Structure

**Standard System and National Standard Structure**

## 1. Standard System 

- Four levels:
- National standards(GB), professional standards(GA, MT,...), local standards(DB) and company standards(QB)
- Type: Mandatory standards; Voluntary standards
- By the end of 2003, the number of national standards is 20,906
-  2,952 mandatory standardization    14.1%
-  1,7954 voluntary standardization    85.9%
-  1,565 national standards reference materials
-  27,284 local standards (registered)
-  12,877 local standards (registered)
-  1,178,083 company standards (registered)

## 2. National Standard Structure in China

## Part 5:
Development of National Standards

**Development of National Standards**

## 1、Development of National Standards in China 

**Approval**

**Enquiry**

**Committee**

**Preparatory**

**Proposal**

**Preliminary**

**CD**

**DS**

**FDS**

**Transparency, Openness, Consensus**** **

**1****、****Development of National Standards in China **

## 2、Drafting National Standards in China 

- The drafting work of the national standards in China is mainly done by national technical committee of standards
- China has set up technical committees of standards (259 TCs, over 320 SCs, over 300000 Experts)
- The technical committee related with fire safety in China is : TC 113 and 9 SCs (2 Shanghai, 1 Shenyang)

## 3、Notification of the mandatory national standards to WTO 

- According to WTO Technical Barriers to Trade Agreement, technical regulations shall be Notify the WTO Secretariat when they meet the following conditions:
- Whenever a relevant international standard does not exist, or the technical content of a proposed measure is not in accordance with the technical content of relevant international standards, guides or recommendations
- If the measure may have a significant effect on trade of other WTO Members

## Mandatory Standards mainly involve national security requirements;  the prevention of deceptive practices;  protection of human health or safety, animal or plant life or health, or the environment problems. In China, mandatory standards are technical regulations.
As a member of WTO, over 40 mandatory national standards have been notified the WTO secretariat, mainly concerning energy efficiency, environment protection, chemical fertilizer, etc.

- As a member of WTO, over 40 mandatory national standards have been notified the WTO secretariat, mainly concerning energy efficiency, environment protection, chemical fertilizer, etc.

**3****、****Notification of the mandatory national standards to WTO **

## SAC attaches great importance to foreign countries’ comments. For instance, due to American opinions and claims to ‘Limit to Arsenic, Cadmium, Lead, Chromium and Mercury Content in Fertilizers’, China-US Technical Discussions pertaining to Fertilizer was held in Beijing in Feb., 2003. Stuff of the U.S. Embassy Trade Facility Office, officials from DOC, and experts from the Department of Agriculture and  EPA in China attended the symposium.

**3****、****Notification of the mandatory national standards to WTO **

## Part 6:
Implementation and Supervision 
of Standards

**Implementation and Supervision **
**of Standards**

## Implementation and Supervision of National Standards in China 

**Certification and Accreditation**

**Supervision and Inspection**

**Adopted by Law**

**Cited by Contract**

## Implementation and Supervision of National Standards in China 

- Certification and accreditation are implemented in accordance with standards, by the end of 2002:
- GB/T19000 Quality Management System, equal to ISO9000 series standards. 75755 certificates of quality management system issued by GB/T19000
- GB/T24000 Environmental Management System, equal to ISO 14000 series of standards. 2803 certificates of environmental system issued by GB/T24000
- GB/T28001 system of occupational health and safety management, equal to OHSAS 18001. 131 certificates of occupational health and security management system issued by GB/T28001

## Implementation and Supervision of National Standards in China 

- Mandatory certification is carried out according to mandatory standards.
- By 2002, the mandatory certification has been carried out on 132 types of products. By the end of June, 2002, 69264 certificates have been issued and 18327 enterprises have been accredited the certificates
- Enterprises and societies are encouraged to adopt voluntary national standards
- Mandatory standards (technical regulations) must be implemented. Governments inspect and supervise the selected products in line with mandatory standards

**CCC**

## Part 7:
International Activities 
on Standardization

**International Activities **
**on Standardization**

##    1、China and ISO  

- China rejoined ISO in 1978, and is a member of the council. The 22nd General Meeting of ISO was held in Beijing in 1999.
- China is one of  Council members and TMB members of ISO
- participating member (P-memer) and observer member (O-member)
- 188 TCs: 142 P, 40 O
- 546 SCs: 321 P, 169 O

##    1、China and ISO  

- Secretariat of 2 TCs and 6 SCs in China:
- TC 202: Microbeam analysis
- TC 132: Ferroalloys
- TC 202/SC2: Electron probe microanalysis
- TC 17/SC17: Steel wire rod and wire products
- TC 17/TC 15: Railway rails and their fasteners
- TC20/SC1: Aerospace electrical requirements
- TC 8/SC4: Outfitting and deck machinery
- TC 179/SC 2 : Reinforced masonry

## 2、China and IEC

- In 1957, China joined IEC. It is a member of Council
- Standardization Management Board and Conformity Assessment Board
- In 1990, the 54th Annual Meeting of IEC was held in Beijing, China. In 2002, the 66th General Meeting of IEC was held in Beijing, China

## 2、China and IEC

- China is one of Council Board members and SMB members
- P-member:   87 TCs   85 SCs
-       O-member:    1 TCs    1 SCs
- China holds two secretariats of IEC:
- TC7   overhead electrical conductors
- TC85 measuring equipment for electrical and electromagnetic quantities

## 3、China and other international organizations for standardization 

- In 1920, China joined ITU and resumed its legal seat in 1972
- China sends delegates to participate in the regional activities of standardization, such as PASC,  and the standardization activities of APEC

## 4、China and organizations for standardization in other countries 

- China has signed bilateral cooperation agreements or cooperation memos with many organizations for standardization in other countries, such as BSI, ANSI, ASTM, DIN, KATS
- In 2002, China, Japan and Korea held a discussion on standardization cooperation in East and North Asia. The second cooperation symposium for standardization was held in Beijing in 2003.The third time will be held in Japan this year.

## 4、China and organizations for standardization in other countries 

- Chinese delegations are always sent to visit the organizations for standardization in other countries, such as US, Canada, Germany, England, Japan, etc
- Every year, SAC receives many oversea organizations for standardization, governments, associations and enterprises
- 2004 China-U.S. Standards and Conformity Assessment Workshop (Joe S. Bhatia, Robert J. Pollock /UL; Clive W. Kimblin/ NEMA, ASTM )

##  It is an important technological and economic policy for China to adopt the international and advanced overseas standards ;
 China has been carried out this policy over 20 years. This policy played an active role in promoting national product quality  and Chinese standard level. It has made great contributions to the national economy. It has also exerted profound influence on the establishment of conduct criterion in the market 

-  China has been carried out this policy over 20 years. This policy played an active role in promoting national product quality  and Chinese standard level. It has made great contributions to the national economy. It has also exerted profound influence on the establishment of conduct criterion in the market

** ****5****、****Adopting international standards**

## Policies of adopting international standards:
Guided by market and focusing on enterprises, we will speed up the adopting work
According to WTO/TBT agreement, all international standards which should be transformed to Chinese standards should be transformed

- Guided by market and focusing on enterprises, we will speed up the adopting work
- According to WTO/TBT agreement, all international standards which should be transformed to Chinese standards should be transformed

** ****5****、****Adopting international standards**

## By the end of 2003,
20906 national standards,9250 of which are adopted from international and advanced overseas standards,with a rate of 44.2%;
6683 national standards are adopted from ISO、IEC standards;
Adopt 2567 standards from other international organizations.

- 20906 national standards,9250 of which are adopted from international and advanced overseas standards,with a rate of 44.2%;
- 6683 national standards are adopted from ISO、IEC standards;
- Adopt 2567 standards from other international organizations.

** ****5****、****Adopting international standards**

##  Transform into national standards
ISO and IEC have already developed 18468 international standards;
6683 have been transformed into Chinese national standards, with the rate of 36.19%; 
12737 international standards not to transform yet, among them nearly 2000 international standards are unsuitable to transform .

- ISO and IEC have already developed 18468 international standards;
- 6683 have been transformed into Chinese national standards, with the rate of 36.19%;
- 12737 international standards not to transform yet, among them nearly 2000 international standards are unsuitable to transform .

** ****5****、****Adopting international standards**

## International standard proposals which China  puts forward :
    Up to now, China has proposed over 50 ISO and IEC draft standards , 20 of which have been approved as ISO and IEC formal International Standard .

-     Up to now, China has proposed over 50 ISO and IEC draft standards , 20 of which have been approved as ISO and IEC formal International Standard .

** ****5****、****Adopting international standards**

## 6、SAC: Chinese national committee for ISO and IEC

- To promote the awareness of international standardization
- To encourage the experts of national technical committees to participate actively in international standard activities
- To supervise and administrate the votes for international standard draft forwarded by national technical committees.

## Part 8:
Challenges, Actions, and Needs 
on Standardization in China 

**Challenges, Actions, and Needs **
**on Standardization in China**** **

## 1. Challenges 

- Some standards
- drop behind the new technology
- can not meet the requirements of the rapid development of Chinese economy and market
- Some enterprises
- are difficult to find standards they need
- Many consumers
- lack for standardization awareness

## 2. Actions 

- All the national standards are being reviewing
- The information service network in the field of standardization is being established
-  National standards are formulating and revising through Internet,  more transparency, more effective, fasten the review and revision.
- Standards are being propagandized by all sorts of media

## 2. Actions 

- The measures of participation in international standardization activities are being taking
- The strategy and system for technical standards are being studied. Closely connect with scientific and technological R&D achievement: standards relevant to technology are developed in time.

##    Measure 1: (Study)
Study the international standardized theory and trend. Formulate the strategy for China's international standardization development 
Study the relationship between  international standards and technical trade measures, applying with Chinese factual situation 
Study  successful experience from foreign countries about carrying out  international standardization activities

- Study the international standardized theory and trend. Formulate the strategy for China's international standardization development
- Study the relationship between  international standards and technical trade measures, applying with Chinese factual situation
- Study  successful experience from foreign countries about carrying out  international standardization activities

- Measures of participation in international standardization activities

##     Measure 2: (Assessment)
Assess the situation of Chinese participation in  international standardization activities, and locate priority fields  

- Assess the situation of Chinese participation in  international standardization activities, and locate priority fields

- Measures of participation in international standardization activities

##    Measure 3: (Information)
Set up a unified, authorized and swift information platform for international standardization;
the information and working communication channels between governments and enterprises;    
closely track international standards and get to know the content and progress of the international standards accurately in time, in order to timely transform international standards or  participate in international activities actively. 

- Set up a unified, authorized and swift information platform for international standardization;
- the information and working communication channels between governments and enterprises;
- closely track international standards and get to know the content and progress of the international standards accurately in time, in order to timely transform international standards or  participate in international activities actively.

- Measures of participation in international standardization activities

##    Measure 4: (Participation)
Participate in ISO and IEC administration work, fulfill the task
Strengthen the participation in standard development activities of ISO, IEC, ITU, CAC, WHO, etc
Support domestic departments and enterprises  to participate in international standard development, give them guidance, improve the effectiveness of the participation.

- Participate in ISO and IEC administration work, fulfill the task
- Strengthen the participation in standard development activities of ISO, IEC, ITU, CAC, WHO, etc
- Support domestic departments and enterprises  to participate in international standard development, give them guidance, improve the effectiveness of the participation.

- Measures of participation in international standardization activities

## China’s Standardization Strategy and Standardization System Research

- China’s research of strategy for technical standard development
- Opportunities and challenges of China’s technical standards; functions of the technical standards; Strategies of transforming management system for technical standards; Strategies of harmonizing technical standards with scientific research development
- Research on national technical standard system
- Law system of national technical standards; Management and operation System of national standards

## China’s Standardization Strategy and Standardization System Research

- Research on standard strategy and system in important fields
- Agriculture, information industry, environmental protection and manufacturing
- Standardization in testing areas
- Choose some cities to be the testing areas where standards are implemented first

## 3. Needs 

- Environmental protection
- Service
- Food safety
- Energy resources
- Agriculture
- Information technology
- Traditional Chinese medicine

## Xiao Han          Dr./Associate Professor

Department of Industry and Transportation
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China

Address: No.9  Madian East Road, Haidian District, 
               Beijing  100088, P.R. China 
Email:    xiaohan@sac.gov.cn
Tel:        +86 10. 8226.2649 	Fax:       +86 10. 8226.0657

- Xiao Han          Dr./Associate Professor
- Department of Industry and Transportation
- Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China
- Address: No.9  Madian East Road, Haidian District,
-                Beijing  100088, P.R. China
- Email:    xiaohan@sac.gov.cn
- Tel:        +86 10. 8226.2649 	Fax:       +86 10. 8226.0657