# Presentation: 247290

## ICES WORKSHOP 2008Standardization & Architectural Planning

- Angelos Zachariadis
- Associate** **Professor of Aristotle University Thessalonica
- President of the “Union of Hellenic Scientists for Protypation and Standardization”

## How do they start? & How do they finish?

**Standardization ****& ****Architectural ****Planning**

## Many forms of Planning
Economical planning
Social planning
Political planning
Building planning.

- Economical planning
- Social planning
- Political planning
- Building planning.

- Planning First
- To ensure completeness, practicability, and adaptability.
- Absence of planning causes arbitrary , occasional evolutions and undesirable conditions.

## We start our reference with architectural planning, because in building design the plans of an architect are the foundation for the rest of the specialists.

Architectural planning gives the spirit, the logic, and the method which defines the appearance and function of construction. 

- Architectural planning gives the spirit, the logic, and the method which defines the appearance and function of construction.

## The specialty in the spirit of architectural planning is that it adds aesthetic further more if we examine human activities with an architectural perspective we could add aesthetics in all our efforts.

## Model planning succeeds if the architect has not just a extended variety of knowledge but also vision, such as aesthetics and creativity.

- A model architect starts his planning by **conceiving the idea**** **of the future construction by developing it from his fantasy.

## Fantasy is a main factor for a model architect.
Architectural fantasy is not only an innate ability but also is influenced by their practical experience. 
So, although architectural planning starts with the conceiving of the idea, the fact is the result of one’s experience from previous architectural projects plays a significant role.

- Architectural fantasy is not only an innate ability but also is influenced by their practical experience.
- So, although architectural planning starts with the conceiving of the idea, the fact is the result of one’s experience from previous architectural projects plays a significant role.

- Following the concept idea, **draft planning** new factors besides the architectural skills are generated.

## One main factor in this arena are the future users. 
They express their desires and needs.
A model architect must always contain planning directives. 
This generates a spirit of teamwork which always must occur in planning.

- They express their desires and needs.
- A model architect must always contain planning directives.
- This generates a spirit of teamwork which always must occur in planning.

- In model architectural planning team work is present.
- The architect must work together with all other specialties even from the arena of draft planning.

## Model architectural planning presupposes forecasts. 
An architect must foresee the influence of climatic changes in living or the changes in morals and habits. 
Social and economic changes must also be foreseen by a model architect.

- An architect must foresee the influence of climatic changes in living or the changes in morals and habits.
- Social and economic changes must also be foreseen by a model architect.

- The stage of draft planning might be the longest one because more and more drafts are planned going back and forth.
-  Most possible versions are examined.

## This stage could be considered as completed when one of versions is chosen and the arena of main planning starts. 
It is often that some factors come out to be insufficient, a fact that could lead even to the rejection of the selected solution and returning to previous actions.

- It is often that some factors come out to be insufficient, a fact that could lead even to the rejection of the selected solution and returning to previous actions.

## The spirit of teamwork and cooperation with future users is even more important in the proceedings of this stage. 
The exchange of ideas and experience capture the concept of dialog.  
In dialog, experiences and ideas come from multiple directions. 

- The exchange of ideas and experience capture the concept of dialog.
- In dialog, experiences and ideas come from multiple directions.

## From dialog changes occur, which will influence the hole planning procedure, from the starting point. 

- The **construction plans**, is the next stage, which the building will be erected.
- During construction changes must be made due to practical reasons.

## As soon as construction procedures are completed, then starts the period of use, which in buildings is of a time duration.

## Plans that contain the original study and all the changes (even those changes during the construction arena) could be considered as the architectural planning. But still mistakes, deficiencies or malfunctions appear during the using period of the building.

The right way to confront and correct these negative issues is a new architectural design which will contain the experience and knowledge from all the routes taken.

- The right way to confront and correct these negative issues is a new architectural design which will contain the experience and knowledge from all the routes taken.

## Beside the architectural planning title, stands education and standardization, referring to education 

- In education there are also many kinds distinctions.
-  Generally, the most obvious kind is educational institutes.
- There are levels which are so unique that could be taken as different kinds of education.

## The top level, academic education is more consummated and updated as it contains research also. 

In order to be more effective, higher education must foresee in its system a Feedback procedure between lecturing, research and application.

- In order to be more effective, higher education must foresee in its system a **Feedback** procedure between lecturing, research and application.

## The classic duration of academic studies depends upon the degree. 

Post Graduate studies exist as part of academia / education. 
Post graduate studies,is the most representative kind of specialization.
It ought to have the feedback procedure in its main tasks. 

**Post Graduate studies** exist as part of academia / education.
- Post graduate studies,is the most representative kind of specialization.
- It ought to have the feedback procedure in its main tasks.

## Basic education, is usually contained in a standard educational system. 
Usually kindergartens are counted as part of this system, as a kind of preparatory education. 

- Usually kindergartens are counted as part of this system, as a kind of preparatory education.

- All **educational**** ****systems **in industrial developed countries are based on a standard knowledge substance.
- In general this substance is given to teachers and lecturers and they pass the information /  knowledge, as **multipliers** to students.

## In ancient Greece another kind of educational system was developed. 

Socrates, considered by many as the best teacher, was not multiplying any given knowledge. 
He stated his thoughts to the students surrounding him and all together they came to reasonable resolutions after having a dialog.

- Socrates, considered by many as the best teacher, was not multiplying any given knowledge.
- He stated his thoughts to the students surrounding him and all together they came to reasonable resolutions after having a **dialog**.

## In industrial countries though everything must be standardized, including knowledge. Nevertheless, if we try to analyze standardization we could see that the spirit of ancient Greece could define modern educational systems.

## Standardization is as old as life itself.
It exists always and everywhere when repetition takes place. 
Life has stages which are constantly repeated.
 So, all procedures and actions during lifetime  are standardized. 

- It exists always and everywhere when repetition takes place.
- Life has stages which are constantly repeated.
-  So, all procedures and actions during lifetime  are standardized.

- At the first stages of life.
**Infants** copy the **standards** of their parents by imitating them.
- Imitating the behaviors of their family they adapt them and, after a time of experimental application, they enact them by habit.

## Researches have proved that humans begin to form their characteristics and character already as embryos and to a great percentage have them integrated at the age of six. 

Consequently the standards and the standardization learned from their environment are of decisive importance. 

- Consequently the standards and the standardization learned from their environment are of decisive importance.

## Following this logic we consider:
 Upbringing training as the first stage of education on standardization. 

** ****Upbringing training**** **as the** ****first stage**** ****of education on standardization**.

- It is a fact that humans are social creatures, and societies can function only in a frame that is defined by** ****social**** ****standardization**:
- When the members of pre-human herds started using their brains they created by the instincts of imitation and habits the first set of social standards and rules.

## Based on such principals the ancient Greek city-states were developed. 
These city-states could stay alive as long as the standards and rules were known and followed. 

- These city-states could stay alive as long as the standards and rules were known and followed.

- Those members of the herd who appeared to have the** ****best** **abilities** formed the **first standards** of the group.
- Thus, the first rules were established.
- Such standards were Hercules and Thiseus, the heroes of ancient Greek mythology.

## As a result, the main target was the education of citizens on these standards – principals, continuously reinforced since childhood. 
The body of such an education was not the tuition of the wise-ones but the family and the social upbringing.

- The body of such an education was not the tuition of the wise-ones but the family and the social upbringing.

## Through the ages of human history there is nothing more than the  imitation / copying of those nation’s social rules that served as models in those times.

The rest of the nations in order to copy this kind of standardization had to build an educational system. 

- The rest of the nations in order to copy this kind of standardization had to build an **educational system**.

## In some of these cases educational systems permitted modifications and adjustments by teachers and students. 

Then a standardization rose and brought social development, and educational systems.
Improved from generation to generation. 

- Then a standardization rose and brought social development, and educational systems.
- Improved from generation to generation.

## The opposite was the case when standards and educational systems were blindly copied. 
In these cases teachers and students were transformed to pure multipliers of foreign standardization, and the social group  declined. 

- In these cases teachers and students were transformed to pure multipliers of foreign standardization, and the social group  declined.

## Standards-Models. 
First inference is that in planning the architectural spirit must be present. 
This model has a special validity in education.

- First inference is that in **planning** the **architectural** **spirit** must be present.
- This model has a special validity in education.

- Secondly, we consider that education must be given by dialog.
- This standard is ensured when **consensus**, the main principal of standardization is satisfied.
- Consensus in standardization is the equivalent to participation of all interested parties in its procedures.

## Another inference is that education in general is nothing else than the teaching of standards. 
After this logic, education on standardization appears already in infants’ training. 

- After this logic, education on standardization appears already in infants’ training.

## Training is a very important function of modern quality systems.
In international quality systems--training of employees and managers is done by the logic of multipliers producing. 

- In international quality systems--training of employees and managers is done by the logic of multipliers producing.

- This educational concept gives **limited**** ****possibilities of**  **feedback**.
- This defect is not immediately recognized in large enterprises, but is of vital importance for SME’s.

## SME’s are about 95% of Greek enterprises.
The Union of “Hellenic Scientists for Protypation and Standardization” (ENEPROT) is developing a local quality system, named :    “Protagoras”. 

- The Union of **“Hellenic**** ****Scientists for Protypation** **and**** ****Standardization”** (ENEPROT) is developing a **local quality system**, named :    **“Protagoras”**.

## In training, which is the most important part in “Protagoras” system, trainers as well as trainees actually build the system in common at the same time they are implementing it.

- By this kind of education on standardization, **feedback procedures** are being ensured all the time and in any stage.
- This kind of education **never finishes** !

## Education on Standardization & Architectural Planning

- Angelos Zachariadis
- Associate** **Professor of Aristotle University Thessalonica
- President of the “Union of Hellenic Scientists for Protypation and Standardization”