# Presentation: 109280

## HAZUS-MH and Technological Hazards

**Dr. Jawhar Bouabid, DTI**
**November 4, 2002**

## Outline

-  Introduction
-  Overview of HAZUS-MH Methodology
-  HAZUS-MH Walkthrough
-  HAZUS-MH and Technological Hazards

## Introduction

## Introduction [1]

- HAZUS-MH is the cutting-edge software model at the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) for estimating losses that may occur if disasters (floods, earthquakes and hurricanes) happen
- HAZUS-MH allows users to run what-if scenarios
- Results from HAZUS-MH provides decision makers with necessary information to:
- Assess level of readiness and preparedness to deal with a disaster in a given region within the U.S. (before the disaster hits)

## Introduction [2]

- Decide on how to allocate resources for most effective and efficient response and recovery when a disaster hits a certain region
- Prioritize the mitigation measures that need to be implemented to reduce future losses
- HAZUS-MH is still evolving to include additional hazards:airborne toxic releases, dam failures, etc...
- For more information on HAZUS, please visit:
- WWW.FEMA.GOV/HAZUS

## Overview of HAZUS-MH

## HAZUS-MH Components

**Risk Assessment**

- HAZUS provides comprehensive risk assessment by integrating information on hazard with that on inventory

## HAZUS-MH Inventory

- HAZUS-MH comes with a wealth on information on buildings and infrastructure.  You have information on buildings (residential, commercial, industrial, religious, educational, etc...), on infrastructure (roads, bridges, hospitals, ports, airports, etc..), and on demographics (broken down by age, ethnicity, income, and ownership)

_**Transportation**_
- Highway Systems
- Railway Systems
- Ports & Harbors
- Airport Facilities

_**Utility**_
- Water
- Oil and Gas
- Electric Power
- Communication

_**Critical Facilities**_
- Schools
- Hospitals
- Police & Fire Stations
- Dams

_**Building Inventory**_
- Demographic Data
- Exposure (# & $)
- Agriculture
- Buildings

## HAZUS-MH Impact Assessment

- HAZUS quantifies the impact in terms of economic, social, functionality, and system performance

**Hazard**
**EQ**
**Flood**
**Wind**
**WMD**

**Inventory**
**Building Stock**
**Critical Facilities**
**Transportation**
**Utility**
**Demographics**

**Vulnerability**
**Building Stock**
**Schools**
**Hospitals**
**Police Stations**
**Fire Stations**
**EOC**
**Transportation**
**Utility**

**IMPACT**

**Economic**

**Social**

**Functionality**

**System **
**Performance**

**Direct Loss**

**Business **
**Interruption**

**Shelter**

**Casualties**

**Essential**
**Facilities**

**Emergency**
**Response**

**Power**

**Transportation**

**Transportation**

**Utility**

**Water**

## Merits of HAZUS

- HAZUS has been used since 1997
- Federal, state, and local government officials use HAZUS for pre-disaster preparedness and mitigation and post-disaster planning & response
- Financial institutions such as banks and insurance companies use it to assess their exposure to the disasters (Schwabb, Wells Fargo, BofA, ISO, ...)
- Universities (professors and graduate students) use it for advanced applied research (MIT, GT, Univ of IL, Princeton Univ., Stanford, UC Berkeley, ...)
- Transportation and utility agencies use it to assess the reliability of their systems (CalTran, LADWP, PG&E, ...)

## HAZUS-MH Walkthrough

## Step 1: Creating New Region

## Step 1: Creating New Region [2]

## Step 2: Accessing a Created Region

## Step 2: Accessing a Created Region [2]

## Step 3: HAZUS-MH Interface

## HAZUS-MH Inventory Menu

## HAZUS-MH Analysis Menu (Analytical Engine)

## HAZUS-MH Results Menu

## HAZUS-MH and Technological Hazards

## Technological Hazards

- Chemical, Biological, Radiological (Dirty Bomb), Nuclear and Explosive Threats (CBRNE)
- ALOHA (Areal Locations of Hazardous Atmospheres) predicts rates of chemical releases and displays a “footprint” plot of the area downwind of a release where concentrations may exceed certain threshold levels.
- ALOHA plume can be combined with HAZUS-MH exposure profiles and demographic data to estimate # people & buildings/facilities affected by release.

**Notes:**
The existing functionality of HAZUS-MH can be extended to access a wide range of man-made and technological hazard models known as Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD models).  

The 3rd party WMD model results, used in conjunction with the robust HAZUS inventory and demographic data, will allow emergency planners and first responders to assess the potential impacts from man- made and technological hazard scenarios.
The linkage of HAZUS with CAMEO/ALOHA will provide emergency managers and mitigation specialists with a powerful tool for managing risk from chemical and biological releases (accidental or act of terrorism).  

CAMEO ® is a system of software applications used widely to plan for and respond to chemical emergencies. It is one of the tools developed by EPA’s Chemical Emergency Preparedness and Prevention Office (CEPPO) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Office of Response and Restoration (NOAA), to assist front-line chemical emergency planners and responders. Developed by the EPA, CAMEO is a suite of three separate, integrated software applications: CAMEO database, ALOHA and MARPLOT.

## ALOHA Plume Overlaying HAZUS-MH Inventory

## HAZUS-MH Architecture

## HAZUS-MH with 3rd Party TH Models 

**HAZUS-MH**

**Study Region**
**Aggregation**

**DTI  Customized Automated Data Integration Tool**

**HAZUS-MH Application Database**

**3rd Party**
**Weapons of**
**Mass Destruction Models **

**Map and Tabular Generation**

**Study Region**
** ****Spatial and Tabular **
**Operation **

**Spatial Definition Tools**

**Hazard Analytical Tools**

**Existing Natural Hazard Models **

**Hazard Reporting Tools**

**Customized Man-Caused Hazard Models **

** ****HAZUS Results **

**HAZUS Results Viewer **

**ALOHA / Dispersion**

**Hazard**
**Description**
**Database**

**Vector**
**GIS**
**Data**

**Critical &**
**Lifeline **
**Inventory**
**Database**

**HAZUS**
**Scenario**
**Results**

**FLDWAV / Dam Breach**

*FLDWAV is a real-time flood forecasting model for dam-break floods and dam-breach flood analyses (NOAA)*

## Modeling Technological Hazards: [1] Profiling

| Hazard  | Application Mode | Hazard Duration | Extent of Effects | Mitigation Issues or Conditions |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Conventional Bomb
 | Detonation | Instantaneous; secondary devices may extend duration | Determined by type, location, and quantity of explosive | Ease of access to targets; use of structures/vegetation for shielding |
| Chemical Agent | Liquid/Aerosol | May extend for days or weeks | Contamination may be carried by persons, vehicles, wind or water | Weather conditions; shape of buildings and terrain; shielding and other mitigation techniques  |
| Biological Agent | Liquid or solid contaminants can be dispersed using aerosol or munitions | Hours to years, depending on the agent | Widespread, depending on the agent used.  | Altitude above ground of release; weather conditions; other factors |

## Modeling TH: [2] Understanding Vulnerability

- Inherent Vulnerability (components)
- Visibility
- Utility
- Assess ability
- WMD Hazard
- Potential For Collateral Damage
- Occupancy
- Tactical Vulnerability (components)
- Site Perimeter
- Building Envelope
- Facility Interior

## Inherent Vulnerability

| Visibility | How aware is the public of the existence of the facility, site, system or location? |
| --- | --- |
| Utility | How valuable might the place be in  meeting the objectives of a potential terrorist or saboteur? |
| Accessibility | How accessible is the place to the public? |
| WMD hazard | Are hazardous flammable, explosive, biological, chemical, and/or radiological materials present on site? |
| Potential for collateral damage | What are the potential consequences for the surrounding area if the asset is attacked or damaged? |
| Occupancy  | What is the potential for mass casualties based on the maximum number of individuals on site at a given time? |

## Tactical Vulnerability

| Site Perimeter
 | Site Planning and Landscape Design – is the facility designed with security features?

Proximity – is the facility in proximity to another landmark that may be chosen as a target?

Parking Security – is vehicle access managed in a way that separates vehicles and structures?
 |
| --- | --- |
| Building Envelope | Structural Engineering – is the facility designed to be blast-resistant?
 |
| Facility Interior | Mechanical Engineering – are utilities and HVAC systems protected and/or backed up with redundant systems?

Fire Protection Engineering – are the building’s water supply and suppression systems in place?

Electronic and Organized Security – are systems and personnel in place to protect the facility?

Architectural and Interior Space Planning – does security screening cover all public and private areas? |

## Concluding Thoughts

- HAZUS-MH architecture easily enables:
- Linkage to 3rd party Technological Hazards (TH) models, or
- Seamless integration of newly developed TH models
- TH results will be provided in the same standardized format to existing HAZUS-MH hazards
- Structural damage
- Social impact (injuries, deaths, and shelter needs)
- Functionality (disruption of services)
- Financial impact (facilities, contents, and BI)