# Presentation: 320216

## Geeks Bearing Gifts: Unwrapping New Technologies(Part 2)Penny GlassmanTechnology CoordinatorNN/LM New England RegionPenny.Glassman@umassmed.edu

## Course Materials

**Geeks Bearing Gifts:** unwrapping new technology trends
- _[http://nnlm.gov/train/geekgifts/](http://nnlm.gov/train/geekgifts/)_
**Course Materials**
- _[http://nnlm.gov/train/geekgifts/geeks_A.doc](http://nnlm.gov/train/geekgifts/geeks_A.doc)_
- _[http://nnlm.gov/train/geekgifts/geeks_B.doc](http://nnlm.gov/train/geekgifts/geeks_B.doc)_
- _[http://nnlm.gov/train/geekgifts/geeks_C.doc](http://nnlm.gov/train/geekgifts/geeks_C.doc)_
**PPT Presentation**
- _[http://nnlm.gov/ner/training/](http://nnlm.gov/ner/training/)_

## Class Objectives

- Increase awareness of new technologies
- Give you the ability to explore and use new technologies
- Identify library applications and integrate in own work environment
- Become aware of resources that will help you stay informed
- Have fun and want to learn more!

## Class Overview

- Part 2
- Instant Messaging, Chat, and SMS
- RSS Feeds
- Web 2.0
- Web 2.0 Sites
- Blogs and Podcasts
- Wikis
- Social Networking
- Wrapup and Evaluation

## Instant Messaging, Chat and Short Message Service

## Instant Messaging (IM)

- The act of instantly communicating between two or more people over a network such as the Internet
- Requires use of a client program or Web-based client
- Differs from e-mail in that conversations are able to happen in real time

## IM Features

**“****Presence Awareness”** feature – indicates whether people on one's list of contacts are currently online and available to chat (i.e. 'Buddy List‘)
**“****Status Message”** – ability to set a status message (i.e. away, do not disturb)
- Ability to Log Conversation

## IM History

**Early 1970s** - early form of instant messaging was implemented on the PLATO system
**1980’s and 1990’s** - UNIX/LINUX "talk" instant messaging system widely used by engineers and academics
**November 1996** - ICQ was the first general instant messenger introduced for non-UNIX/LINUX computers

## Instant Messaging (IM) and Chat

- Instant Messaging—instant communication between two or more people over a network, such as the Internet.
- AOL Instant Messenger
- MSN Messenger
- Google Talk
- Internet Relay Chat (IRC)
- Bring together different protocols
- Trillian
- Zango

## Too Many Protocols!

- Comparison of Instant Messaging Clients: _[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_instant_messaging_clients](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_instant_messaging_clients)_
- How do you manage all these protocols?
- Use a client that supports multiple protocols:
- Trillian, Jabber, GAIM or Meebo (Web based)

## Slide 12

## Uses for IM Services

- Interoffice Communication
- NN/LM staff, esp. Technology Coordinators use IRC heavily
- Virtual Reference
- 	Library Success Wiki: Virtual Reference and IM
- 	_[http://www.libsuccess.org/index.php?title=Online_Reference](http://www.libsuccess.org/index.php?title=Online_Reference)_

## Questions?

**Penny Glassman**
**Technology Coordinator**
**NN/LM New England Region**
- _[Penny.Glassman@umassmed.edu](mailto:Penny.Glassman@umassmed.edu)_

## Thumb Culture: SMS

## Short Messaging Service (SMS)

- Short Message Service is available on most digital mobile phones. (Also known as text messages)
- Allows sending of text messages between mobile phones, other handheld devices, and even landline telephones.

## SMS Popularity

- Popular with younger generation
- Very popular in Asia, due to low charges per text message
- Not as popular in US due to unlimited "mobile-to-mobile" minutes, high monthly minute allotments, and unlimited service – but it **is** starting to become popular

## Txt Speak

**Joe**: Hi
**Michael:** can I help u?
**Joe**: y, what time u close?
**Michael: **6pm
**Joe**: gr8, thx!
**Michael:** np - cya
**Netlingo’s - List of Acronyms & Text Messaging Shorthand**
- 	_[http://www.netlingo.com/emailsh.cfm](http://www.netlingo.com/emailsh.cfm)_

## Txt Speak

- txt spk: _[http://www.transl8it.com/cgi-win/index.pl](http://www.transl8it.com/cgi-win/index.pl)_
- I have a very difficult time understanding text speak.
- I hav a v diFicult tym undRstNdN txt spk
- I hope people are not falling asleep during the Geeks Bearing Gifts Class
- I hOp ppl R not faLN asslp durN d Geeks Bearing Gifts claS

## Social Impacts of SMS, IM, Etc.

**Academic:** Cheating in school
**Criminal:** Osama joke in Philippines in 2001
**Political:** Mark Foley
**Social:** During Hurricane Katrina – with phones down, many used SMS on mobile phones to communicate

**Notes:**
In October 2001, a Filipino immigrant living in Belgium was arrested by police after a friend sent him a joke short message pretending to be the world's most-wanted terrorist. The message read "I was wondering if I can stay with you for a couple of days. Everybody's so angry at me. And I really need a friend. Yours truly, Osama bin Laden." 

In January 2001, Joseph Estrada was forced to resign from the post of president of the Philippines. The popular campaign against him was widely reported to have been co-ordinated with SMS chain letters. 

In the wake of the 2004 Madrid train bombings, SMS was used to garner support for large protest rallies. It became known as "the night of short text messages". 

## Questions?

**Penny Glassman**
**Technology Coordinator**
**NN/LM New England Region**
- _[Penny.Glassman@umassmed.edu](mailto:Penny.Glassman@umassmed.edu)_

## I Always Feel Like Somebody’s Watching Me:Protect Yourself from Spyware, Adware and other Malware

## Spyware, Adware, Malware

- Viruses, Worms, Trojan Horses, Spyware, etc.
- How to Protect Your Computer
- Firewalls
- Anti-Virus and Anti-Spyware Software

## Protecting Your Computer

- Types of Infections
**Virus:** depends on hosts to spread itself
**Worm:** a worm operates more or less independently of other files
**Trojan Horse**
**Adware**
**Spyware**
**Blended Threat**
**Denial of Service Attack**

**Notes:**
Virus: Self-replicating, malicious code that attaches itself to an application program or other executable system component and leaves no obvious signs of its presence. Attaches to Program. WORD Macros.

Worm: Independent program that replicates from machine to machine across network connections often clogging networks and information systems as it spreads. Computer-to-Computer. Holes in Firewall.

Trojan Horse: A malicious or harmful code contained inside apparently harmless programming or data in such a way that it can get control and do its chosen form of damage, such as ruining the file allocation table on your hard disk. Download a “game”.

Adware: Any software application which displays advertising banners while the program is running. The authors include additional code, which can be viewed through pop-up windows or through a bar that appears on the computer screen. Adware has been criticized because it usually includes code that tracks a user's personal information and passes it on to third parties, without the user's authorization or knowledge. 

Spyware: Any software using someone's Internet connection in the background without their knowledge or explicit permission. Spyware applications are typically bundled as a hidden component of freeware or shareware programs that can be downloaded from the Internet; however, it should be noted that the majority of shareware and freeware applications do not come with spyware. Once installed, the spyware monitors user activity on the Internet and transmits that information in the background to someone else. Spyware can also gather information about e-mail addresses and even passwords and credit card numbers.

Blended Threat: A computer network attack that seeks to maximize the severity of damage and speed of contagion by combining methods, for example using characteristics of both viruses and worms, while also taking advantage of vulnerabilities in computers, networks, or other physical systems. An attack using a blended approach might send a virus via an e-mail attachment, along with a Trojan horse embedded in an HTML file that will cause damage to the recipient computer. The Nimda, CodeRed, and Bugbear exploits were all examples of blended threats.  

Denial-of-service attack: explicit attempt by attackers to prevent legitimate users of a service from using that service. Examples include: 1) attempts to "flood" a network, thereby preventing legitimate network traffic; 2) attempts to disrupt connections between two machines, thereby preventing access to a service; 3) attempts to prevent a particular individual from accessing a service; 4) attempts to disrupt service to a specific system or person 

## Dec 2005 - AOL/NCSA Online Safety Study

56% - had no anti-virus protection or had not	
		 updated it within the last week

44% - did not have a properly-configured firewall

38% - lacked spyware protection

83% - believed that they were safe from online 	 threats!!!

**56%** - had no anti-virus protection or had not
- 		 updated it within the last week
**44%** - did not have a properly-configured firewall
**38%** - lacked spyware protection
**83%** - believed that they were safe from online 	 threats!!!

**Spyware Statistics**

**Notes:**
Conducted YEARLY by America Online and the National Cyber Security Alliance

## A broad category of malicious software intended to intercept or take partial control of a computer's operation without the user's informed consent
Spyware subverts a computer’s operation for the benefit of a third party - usually for commercial gain ($$$)
Differs from viruses and worms in that it does not self-replicate

- Spyware subverts a computer’s operation for the benefit of a third party - usually for commercial gain ($$$)
- Differs from viruses and worms in that it does not self-replicate

**Spyware**

## Some programs display advertising as an alternative to shareware registration fees (i.e. Eudora)
Classified as "adware" in the sense of advertising-supported software, not as spyware 
Usually do not operate secretly or mislead the user

- Classified as "**adware**" in the sense of advertising-supported software, not as spyware
- Usually do not operate secretly or mislead the user

**Adware**

## Delivery of unsolicited pop-up advertisements
Theft of personal information (credit card numbers!)
Monitoring of Web-browsing activity for marketing purposes 
Routing of HTTP requests to advertising sites (penny-per-click Web sites)

- Theft of personal information (credit card numbers!)
- Monitoring of Web-browsing activity for marketing purposes
- Routing of HTTP requests to advertising sites (penny-per-click Web sites)

**Common Spyware/Adware Tactics**

## User installs through deception
Piggybacks on so called legit software
Tricks user into doing something that installs the software without them realizing it
Bundled with shareware or other apps
in some cases spyware authors have paid shareware authors to bundle spyware with their software (i.e. Gator)

- Piggybacks on so called legit software
- Tricks user into doing something that installs the software without them realizing it
**Bundled with shareware or other apps**
- in some cases spyware authors have paid shareware authors to bundle spyware with their software (*i.e. Gator)*

**Routes of Infection**

## Exploitation of software vulnerability
Attacks known security vulnerabilities in a Web browser or other software
	(i.e. IE, MS Java runtime)
“Drive-by Downloads” - usually a link takes a person to a webpage with some scripting code (i.e. php) that installs software as a Browser Helper Object

- Attacks known security vulnerabilities in a Web browser or other software
- 	(i.e. IE, MS Java runtime)
- “Drive-by Downloads” - usually a link takes a person to a webpage with some scripting code (i.e. php) that installs software as a Browser Helper Object

**Routes of Infection – ****cont’d**

## Spyware Piggybacking!

## Spyware Deception Examples

## Bonzi Buddy!

- 	Bonzi Buddy is generally targeted at children and claims:
- 	“He's your interactive friend and traveling companion! He’ll talk, laugh, sing, do tricks, and browse and search the Internet with you...”

## What are Cookies?
Variables set by Web sites (including advertisers) which can be used to track Web-browsing activity
Can be legitimate: used with shopping cart or to maintain consistent user settings on a search engine or web service (i.e. PubMed)
Are cookies spyware? No

- Variables set by Web sites (including advertisers) which can be used to track Web-browsing activity
- Can be legitimate: used with shopping cart or to maintain consistent user settings on a search engine or web service (i.e. PubMed)
- Are cookies spyware? **No**

**Spyware and Cookies**

## How to Protect Your Computer

- Firewall
- Passwords
- Microsoft Updates
- Anti-Virus Software
- Anti-Adware and Anti-Spyware Software
- Internet Browser: Use Firefox

## Firewalls

- A system designed to prevent unauthorized access to or from a private network.

**Firewalls**

**Notes:**
Guard against intrusion into a network or pc.  Perimeter 
A system designed to prevent unauthorized access to or from a private network. Firewalls can be implemented in both hardware and software, or a combination of both. Firewalls are frequently used to prevent unauthorized Internet users from accessing private networks connected to the Internet, especially intranets. All messages entering or leaving the intranet pass through the firewall, which examines each message and blocks those that do not meet the specified security criteria. There are several types of firewall techniques: 
Packet filter: Looks at each packet entering or leaving the network and accepts or rejects it based on user-defined rules. Packet filtering is fairly effective and transparent to users, but it is difficult to configure. In addition, it is susceptible to IP spoofing. 
Application gateway: Applies security mechanisms to specific applications, such as FTP and Telnet servers. This is very effective, but can impose a performance degradation. 
Circuit-level gateway: Applies security mechanisms when a TCP or UDP connection is established. Once the connection has been made, packets can flow between the hosts without further checking. 
Proxy server: Intercepts all messages entering and leaving the network. The proxy server effectively hides the true network addresses. 

## Firewalls

- Hardware
- Part of Servers and Routers
- Usually Handled by Organization’s IS/IT Department
- Software (Home or Small Business)
- Microsoft XP Service Pack 2 (SP2)
- Norton (Symantec)
- McAfee

**Notes:**
Usually handled by your organization.

At home  software firewall. 

## Passwords

**Passwords**

- The password helps ensure that unauthorized users do not access the computer. In addition, data files and programs may require a password.

**Notes:**
A secret series of characters that enables a user to access a file, computer, or program. On multi-user systems, each user must enter his or her password before the computer will respond to commands. The password helps ensure that unauthorized users do not access the computer. In addition, data files and programs may require a password. 

Ideally, the password should be something that nobody could guess. In practice, most people choose a password that is easy to remember, such as their name or their initials. This is one reason it is relatively easy to break into most computer systems. 

Letters and numbers

Should each password be different

Automatic login—be careful: Bank Accounts, Travel Sites (Travelocity, Expedia) Anything with credit card numbers, bank account numbers..

## Anti-Virus Software

**Anti-Virus Software**

- A utility that scans a hard disk for viruses and removes any that are found. Most antivirus programs include an auto-update feature that enables the program to download profiles of new viruses so that it can check for the new viruses as soon as they are discovered.

**Notes:**
A utility that searches a hard disk for viruses and removes any that are found. Most antivirus programs include an auto-update feature that enables the program to download profiles of new viruses so that it can check for the new viruses as soon as they are discovered. 

Anti-virus software consists of computer programs that attempt to identify, thwart and eliminate computer viruses and other malicious software (malware).
Anti-virus software typically uses two different techniques to accomplish this:
Examining (scanning) files to look for known viruses matching definitions in a virus dictionary 
Identifying suspicious behavior from any computer program which might indicate infection (This approach is called heuristic analysis and is different from the relatively new behavioral analysis used by Panda Software. Such analysis may include data captures, port monitoring and other methods. NOD32 uses a limited version of this, monitoring LSPs to detect spyware. 
Most commercial anti-virus software uses both of these approaches, with an emphasis on the virus dictionary approach.

## Anti-Virus Software

- Symantec Norton Antivirus
- McAfee VirusScan
- Microsoft Malicious Software Removal Tool: _[http://www.microsoft.com/security/](http://www.microsoft.com/security/malwareremove/default.mspx)__[malwareremove/default.mspx](http://www.microsoft.com/security/malwareremove/default.mspx)_
- Others
- Automatic Updates
- Scheduling Scans

**Notes:**
What makes a great Anti-Virus software solution?In the computer world where there are new viruses and worms every day, it is difficult to know which anti-virus software solution is best for you.   Here is a list of what we at Anti-Virus Software Review believe are the best attributes of anti-virus software.  
Ease of Use – How easy is it to install the software?   How easy is it to go from installation to scanning for infected files?   
Effective at Identifying Viruses and Worms – Does the product quickly identify infected files with a realtime scanner, whether it comes via email, IM Apps, web browsing, etc.?   
Effective at Cleaning or Isolating Infected Files –Does the product thoroughly clean, delete, or quarantine the infected file to stop the spread of the virus and save the rest of your system/network?   
Activity reporting – You should be able to view what each demand scan found and what it did with any infected files.   You should also be notified immediately of any infection found with the realtime scanner.   
Feature Set – What type of scanning engines are used?   Does the product rely on realtime scanning only?   Can you schedule a time when your files will be inspected or specify what files will be inspected?   Are the features easy to access and understand?   
Ease of Installation and Setup – How easy is it to install the software?   How easy is it to go from installation to a scanning for infected files?   
Help Documentation – Is there a help document available?   How useful is it?   Is it easily understood without relying on technical jargon?   Can you find your answers easily?   
With the correct anti-virus software application you can feel comfortable knowing that your files are protected.  

Check with organization IT Department: recommended solution, site license, configuration, etc.

## Anti-Adware and Anti-Spyware Software

- A utility that scans a disk for Adware and/or Spyware and removes any that are found. Updates are provided on a regular basis to deal with new threats.

## Anti-Spyware Software

- LavaSoft Ad-Aware SE _[http://www.lavasoft.de/ms/index.htm](http://www.lavasoft.de/ms/index.htm)_
- Spybot Search and Destroy _[http://www.safer-networking.org/microsoft.en.html](http://www.safer-networking.org/microsoft.en.html)__ _

## Real-time protection - prevents spyware from being installed – scans incoming network data and disk files at download time
Manual scanning and removal - inspects contents of Windows registry, operating system files, and installed programs

**Manual scanning and removal*** - *inspects contents of Windows registry, operating system files, and installed programs

**Two Modes of Operation**

## Is Your Computer Infected?

- How Do You Know?
- What Should You Do?

**Notes:**
Computer runs slowly
Pop Up Windows
Look at programs running.

Have any of you ever had a virus or other type of infection?

What happened? How did you know?

CTRALTDEL to get to the Task Manager

## Computer slows to a crawl
Pop-ups galore (advertising & porn)
Major stability issues (crashes and hangs)
Difficulty connecting to the Internet
After entering search into your search bar, a new and unfamiliar site starts handling searches
Unfamiliar sites added to your bookmarks

- Pop-ups galore (advertising & porn)
- Major stability issues (crashes and hangs)
- Difficulty connecting to the Internet
- After entering search into your search bar, a new and unfamiliar site starts handling searches
- Unfamiliar sites added to your bookmarks

**Symptoms of a Spyware Infected Computer**

## 	Spyware infection is more common than any other problem
If at work ask others if they are experiencing problems – it could just be an Internet issue
If using Windows - Launch Task manager (ctrl+alt+del, Task manager button)
View Processes – if you notice unusually high CPU performance, most likely there is a problem!

- If at work ask others if they are experiencing problems – it could just be an Internet issue
- If using Windows - Launch Task manager (ctrl+alt+del, Task manager button)
- View Processes – if you notice unusually high CPU performance, most likely there is a problem!

**Troubleshooting**

## Infected Computer Procedures

**Disconnect from the Internet**
- Backup Files
- Run Anti-Virus Software
- Run Anti-Adware/Spyware Software
- Clear Cache (including cookies)
- Reboot

**Continued**

**Notes:**
Public computers versus those used for personal use

For public access computers  image of what computer should have on it

## Infected Computer Procedures (Continued)

- Connect to the Internet and check for updates
- Microsoft Updates (may need to reboot one or multiple times)
- Malware Software Removal
- Anti-Virus Updates
- Anti-Adware Updates
- Disconnect from the Internet
- Run Anti-Virus Software
- Run Anti Adware/Spyware Software
- Clear Cache (including cookies)
- Reboot
**Call IT**

## If all else fails and you still have a
spyware infection:
Boot Windows into Safe Mode – hold/tap  F8 key when booting computer
Run Spyware scan manually
Run Antivirus scan manually

Go make a sandwich or watch a movie 

**spyware infection:**
- Boot Windows into **Safe Mode** – hold/tap  F8 key when booting computer
- Run **Spyware** scan manually
- Run **Antivirus** scan manually
- Go make a sandwich or watch a movie 

**Spyware Removal Tips**

## Windows Safe Mode

## Install a web browser other than Internet Explorer – Try Firefox or Opera
If you must use IE – keep up-to-date on security fixes and patches!
If you don’t have a firewall – get one!
Some Linksys routers have firewall software built-in
Latest Windows updates include firewall
ZoneAlarm “FREE” is popular
Practice Safe Surfing!

- If you must use IE – keep up-to-date on security fixes and patches!
- If you don’t have a firewall – get one!
- Some Linksys routers have firewall software built-in
- Latest Windows updates include firewall
- ZoneAlarm “FREE” is popular
- Practice Safe Surfing!

**Security Practices**

## Web Sites

- _[http://www.vmyths.com/](http://www.vmyths.com/)_
- _[http://urbanlegends.about.com/](http://urbanlegends.about.com/)_
- _[http://www.snopes.com/](http://www.snopes.com/)__ _
- _[http://www.cert.org/advisories/](http://www.cert.org/advisories/)__ _
- _[http://www.us-cert.gov/cas/techalerts/index.html](http://www.us-cert.gov/cas/techalerts/index.html)__ _

**Notes:**
Vmyths: Computer virus myths

CERT: United States Computer Emergency Readiness Team

## Questions?

**Penny Glassman**
**Technology Coordinator**
**NN/LM New England Region**
- _[Penny.Glassman@umassmed.edu](mailto:Penny.Glassman@umassmed.edu)_

## RSS is a popular XML format for describing items of content on a web site

Look for orange icons on a webpage: 

- Look for orange icons on a webpage:* *

**What is RSS?**

## RSS Feeds

- RSS (**R**ich **S**ite **S**ummary, **R**eally **S**imple **S**yndication, or **R**DF **S**ite **S**ummary)
- Dissemination of regularly changing web content.
- Users to stay informed by being notified when new content is available, rather than having to visit the site to see if changes have occurred.

**Notes:**
RSS allows content providers such as web page developers, online news publishers, bloggers, etc. to syndicate their content and notify subscribers when new content has been added. 

Everything is together

## RSS History

- Originated in 1999
- Many different versions:
**	****RSS** 0.90, 0.91, 0.92, 0.93, 0.94, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0; and **Atom **Feeds
- each version has different features
- most feedreaders understand all

## How is RSS used?

- By news sites or web sites to syndicate news or news-like content
- Widely used by bloggers to share their latest entries
- even includes multimedia files like those used in podcasting, vodcasting, etc.

## How RSS Works

- Author creates the RSS file - manually or through use of a Content Management System (CMS)
- User subscribes to RSS using a feedreader (aka aggregator)
- When author updates content, the feedreader checks the user’s subscribed RSS feeds and displays the latest content

## RSS Aggregators

**Aggregator (or feedreader)**
- Software that periodically checks RSS-enabled web pages for a user and displays any updated content it finds
**Types of Aggregators**
- Desktop RSS feedreaders
- Integrated RSS feedreaders
- Web based RSS feedreaders

## Desktop RSS Feedreaders

**Standalone** clients:
**Awasu**
- 	_[http://www.awasu.com](http://www.awasu.com/)_
**FeedDemon** http://www.bradsoft.com/feeddemon/index.asp
**RssReader**
- 	http://www.rssreader.com/

## Integrated RSS Feedreaders

- Common **Web browser** and **email clients:**
**Firefox:**
- Firefox extensions: **Pluck, Sage, Wizz **
- Firefox** “Live Bookmark”** feature
**Outlook:**
**Newsgator**
- 	http://newsgator.com

## Web-based, no software installation:

Bloglines
	http://www.bloglines.com/ 

Google Reader
	http://www.google.com/reader/view/ 

MyYahoo! 
	http://my.yahoo.com/s/about/rss/ 

**Bloglines**
- 	http://www.bloglines.com/
**Google Reader**
- 	http://www.google.com/reader/view/
**MyYahoo! **
- 	http://my.yahoo.com/s/about/rss/

**Web-based RSS Feedreaders**

## RSS Feed Readers

- Top Ten Free Windows RSS Feed Readers/News Aggregators (http://email.about.com/cs/rssfeedreaders/tp/windows_free.htm )
- Bloglines (http://www.bloglines.com/ )
- Google Reader (http://email.about.com/od/rssfeedreaders/gr/google_reader.htm )
- Omea Reader (http://email.about.com/od/rssreaderswin/gr/omea_reader.htm)

## RSS feeds are typically linked to with an orange XML or RSS icon:

To subscribe:
Copy and Paste link (right click + copy)
Some readers allow you to right-click and select subscribe

- To subscribe:
- Copy and Paste link (right click + copy)
- Some readers allow you to right-click and select subscribe

**Subscribing to RSS Feeds**

## How Can You Use RSS?

- From your Web site, Blog or CMS push:
- A calendar of events
- Latest news items or newsletter articles
- Current job openings
- Staff recommendations
- New book acquisitions and book reviews

## PubMed and RSS Feeds

- News and Noteworthy
- Search Results/My NCBI (From NLM Technical Bulletin: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/techbull/mj05/mj05_rss.html
- Run a PubMed Search
- Send to RSS Feed
- RSS Options Page
- Create Feed Generates XML icon
- Click XML icon and copy URL

**Notes:**
To add PubMed searches to your collection of RSS feeds, run a search in PubMed and choose RSS Feed from the Send to pull-down menu 

This will take you to the RSS Options Page where you may name the feed and limit the number of items to be displayed by each feed (see Figure 2). If the number of citations retrieved is greater than your "limit" number, you will have the option to link to PubMed to see the entire retrieval. 

After clicking the Create Feed button, the system will generate an XML icon (see Figure 3). 

Click the XML icon to display a screen of XML. You don't need the code, just the URL from the address line (see Figure 4). Copy and paste this into the "subscribe" form located in your RSS reader. Web Browsers and RSS readers may use different options to copy the feed. 

Once you have successfully subscribed to a PubMed RSS feed you will receive daily messages in your RSS reader (see Figure 5). 

## PubMed and RSS Feeds

- Update Strategy: Will use the same What’s New Strategy used by MyNCBI for updating Saved Searches (See Tech Bulletin Mentioned Above)
- RSS or Automatic E-Mailed Updates?

**Notes:**
RSS Update StrategyPubMed RSS feeds will use the same "What's New" strategy used by My NCBI for updating saved searches. RSS or Automatic E-mailed Updates? Daily updates can be obtained using either the new RSS feed feature or the existing service offered by My NCBI. Updates provided by My NCBI are recommended for less frequent updates. 

Technical Support for RSS ReadersNLM is unable to provide support for RSS readers or to test this service with a specific reader. Users interested in using this technology or who need technical support should enlist the help of their computer support staff. 

## Slide 69

## Slide 70

## Slide 71

## Slide 72

## Slide 73

## Web Gone Wild!Web 2.0, Blogs, Wikis and Social Networking Software

## Web 2.0

- Web as a Platform
- End of the Software Release Cycle
- Lightweight Programming Models
- Software Above the Level of a Single Device
- Rich User Experience/Personalized

## Web 2.0—Ajax

- Asynchronous JavaScript and XML
- Web-Based Applications that use Ajax
- Google Home: http://www.google.com/ig
- Google Maps: http://maps.google.com/maps
- Google Docs and Spreadsheets: http://docs.google.com
- Ask Maps: http://maps.ask.com
- Flickr: http://www.flickr.com

## Blogs and Podcasts

- Blogs: The Basics
- Blogs: Examples
- Podcasts

## Blogs

- A **weblog** (usually shortened to **blog**) is a web-based publication consisting primarily of periodic articles (normally in reverse chronological order).
- Blogs often focus on a particular subject, such as food, politics, local news, industry specific information, etc.

## Information About Blogs

- _[http://www.bloglines.com/](http://www.bloglines.com/)__ _
- _[http://blogspot.com](http://blogspot.com/)__ _
- _[http://nnlm.gov/ner/newsletter/15/techtimes15.html](http://nnlm.gov/ner/newsletter/15/techtimes15.html)_
- _[http://blogsearch.google.com/](http://blogsearch.google.com/)__ _

**Notes:**
Blogspot: plglassman

Bloglines

Search for feeds: library

23,800

## Blogs, Blogs, Everywhere

- NN/LM Southeastern Atlantic Region Newsletter: _[http://nnlm.gov/sea/newsletter/](http://nnlm.gov/sea/newsletter/)_
- Krafty Librarian (Medical Librarian Blog) _[http://www.kraftylibrarian.com/](http://www.kraftylibrarian.com/)_
- Hospital Library Advocacy: _[http://hosplib.blogspot.com/](http://hosplib.blogspot.com/)_
- CAHSL: _[http://cahsl.blogspot.com/](http://cahsl.blogspot.com/)_
- News/Politics: http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/3032105/ PubMed News: _[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/feed/rss.cgi?ChanKey=PubMedNews](http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/feed/rss.cgi?ChanKey=PubMedNews)_

**Notes:**
Come into work every morning
Pour your cup of coffee or tea

Check out all the blogs your are interested in.

## How to Create and Publish a Blog

- Use a Blog hosting service:
**Blogger**
- 	_[http://www.blogger.com/start](http://www.blogger.com/start)_
**MovableType**
- 	_[http://www.sixapart.com/movabletype/](http://www.sixapart.com/movabletype/)_
**WordPress**
- 	_[http://wordpress.com](http://wordpress.com/)_

## How to Create and Publish a Blog

- Installed on Your Server
**MovableType**
- 	_[http://www.sixapart.com/movabletype/](http://www.sixapart.com/movabletype/)_
**Nucleus CMS**
- 	_[http://nucleuscms.org/](http://nucleuscms.org/)_
**WordPress**
- 	_[http://wordpress.org/](http://wordpress.org/)_

## Some Blog Features

**Blogroll**
- Enables you to link to blogs you read frequently
- Used for “reciprocal linking”
**Commenting**
- Allows users to provide “feedback” to posts
- Problems with SPAM
**Example**
- http://www.kraftylibrarian.com/

## Types of Blogs

**AudioBlog**
- Consist mainly of voice recordings sent by mobile phone
- Used for podcasting
**Moblog**
- Features posts sent by mobile phone
- Are often photoblogs
**Vlog or Videoblog**
- Video is included in blog posts

## Library Technology Related Blogs

**Shifted Librarian**
- 	_[http://www.theshiftedlibrarian.com](http://www.theshiftedlibrarian.com/)_
**Tame the Web: Libraries and Technology**
- 	_[http://tametheweb.com](http://tametheweb.com/)_
**The Krafty Librarian**
- 	_[http://www.kraftylibrarian.com/](http://www.kraftylibrarian.com/)_
**Free Range Librarian**
- 	_[http://freerangelibrarian.com/](http://freerangelibrarian.com/)_
**Bloglines Search **_**[http://www.bloglines.com/myblogs](http://www.bloglines.com/myblogs)**_

## Let’s Setup a Blog!

- Let’s check out WordPress! _[http://wordpress.com/](http://wordpress.com/)_

## History of Blogs

- Precursors: Usenet, email lists and bulletin boards
- 1999 - Pyra Labs launchs Blogger, the first “hosted” Blog tool
- From 2000 on Blog usage spreads like wildfire
- By 2004 blogs have become increasingly mainstream

## Why should you or your library blog?

- Quick way to provide news and event updates to your users
- It’s easy! All you need is internet access and the ability to type an email
- Since Blogs typically use RSS feeds, it’s easy for your users to receive information

## Questions?

**Penny Glassman**
**Technology Coordinator**
**NN/LM New England Region**
- _[Penny.Glassman@umassmed.edu](mailto:Penny.Glassman@umassmed.edu)_

## Questions?

**Penny Glassman**
**Technology Coordinator**
**NN/LM New England Region**
- _[Penny.Glassman@umassmed.edu](mailto:Penny.Glassman@umassmed.edu)_

## Podcasts

## iPods, Mp3 Players and Podcasts

- Podcast
- Publishing audio programs via the Internet
- Subscription model
- Any digital audio player or computer with audio playing capabilities can play podcasts.
- Need “podcatching” software to subscribe. (_[http://www.bloglines.com/myblogs](http://www.bloglines.com/myblogs)__ )_

## Podcasting

- A method of publishing audio programs via the Internet, allowing users to subscribe to a feed and receive new audio files automatically
- Became popular in late 2004 due to the popularity of downloading audio content to portable players or personal computers

## Podcasting

- Distinct from other types of online media delivery due to it’s subscription model:
- Uses an RSS or Atom Feed to deliver an enclosed file

## The Podcasting Revolution

**Why is podcasting revolutionary?**
- Allows anyone to create their own “radio show” and distribute it
- Allows existing broadcast radio programs to make use of a new distribution method
**YOU** control what you listen to and when! (i.e. timeshifting ala TIVO)

## PodCasts: Remember

**New Podcasts are Popping Up All Over!**
- You don't need an iPod to start subscribing to, listening to, and viewing podcasts.
- You don't even need a portable media player! Try out some of these resources and find additional podcasts.

**Notes:**
New Podcasts are Popping Up All Over!
You don't need an iPod to start subscribing to, listening to, and viewing podcasts. 
You don't even need a portable media player! Try out some of these resources and find additional podcasts

## Resources for Finding Podcasts

- Podcasting News: _[http://www.podcastingnews.com/](http://www.podcastingnews.com/)_
- Podcast Alley: _[http://www.podcastalley.com/](http://www.podcastalley.com/)__ _
- PodcastDirectory.com: _[http://podcastdirectory.com/](http://podcastdirectory.com/)__ _
- Yahoo Podcast Search: _[http://podcasts.yahoo.com/](http://podcasts.yahoo.com/)__ _
- Podscope: _[http://www.podscope.com/](http://www.podscope.com/)_
- iTunes: _[http://www.apple.com/itunes/](http://www.apple.com/itunes/)__ _

## Library Uses for Podcasts

- Distribution of ad hoc or informal “radio shows”.
- Education: course lectures, and hands-on language exercises
- Libraries circulate ipods loaded with:
- course reserves for classes
- audiobooks
- audio instructions to enhance and improve access to library services, etc.

## How to Podcast

**How to Make an RSS/XML Audio Feed from audiofeeds.org** _[http://audiofeeds.org/tutorial.php](http://audiofeeds.org/tutorial.php)_
**How to Explain Podcasting to a Flashing 12**_**[http://www.podcast411.com/f12.html](http://www.podcast411.com/f12.html)**_

## Library Podcasts

- _[OPAL:](http://opalpodcast.blogspot.com/)__ _**Online Programming for All Libraries-and All Library Users**.
**PALINET's** Technology Conversations available at http://www.palinet.org/lts_techupdates_podcasts.aspx The series features interviews with leaders in library technology.
- Worcester Polytechnic University Library (_[http://www.wpi.edu/Academics/Library/Borrowing/Podcasts/](http://www.wpi.edu/Academics/Library/Borrowing/Podcasts/)__ has a podcast that includes the "latest news, events, and information about Gordon Library resources"._

## Medicine & Health Podcast Lists

- Arizona Health Sciences Library: http://www.ahsl.arizona.edu/weblinks/Medical_podcasts.cfm
- University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center List: _[http://denison.uchsc.edu/outreach/podcasts/](http://denison.uchsc.edu/outreach/podcasts/)__ _
- University of South Carolina Medical Library: http://uscm.med.sc.edu/podcasts.htm

## Some of My Favorite Podcasts

- AHRQ Healthcare 411 Audio Series: http://healthcare411.ahrq.gov/
- New England Journal of Medicine Interviews: http://content.nejm.org/misc/podcast.shtml
- Johns Hopkins Medical Podcasts: http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/mediaII/Podcasts.html

**Notes:**
Some of the medical podcasts I subscribe to include:

AHRQ Healthcare 411 Audio Series 
Another Night Shift 
New England Journal of Medicine Interviews 
Johns Hopkins Medical Podcasts 

## Health-Related Podcasts

**Family Health**
- 	_[http://fhradio.org/](http://fhradio.org/)__ _
**NPR: Health and Science**
- 	_[http://tinyurl.com/b7xza](http://tinyurl.com/b7xza)__ _
**Mayo Clinic: Medical Edge Radio**
- 	_[http://www.medicaledge.org/radio.html](http://www.medicaledge.org/radio.html)__ _

## Vodcasting

- Emerging term used for the online delivery of video on demand content via RSS or Atom enclosures
- The Vodcast format is used by video weblogs (aka vlogs, vodding, vlogcasting, or vidcasting)

## Vodcasting

- Similar to podcasting
- Today content is more likely to be played on a laptop than a PMA (personal media assistant), however...
- As of 2006, videoblogging is rising in popularity thanks to the Apple Video iPod

## Vodcast Directories

**Vodcasts.tv**
- 	http://www.vodcasts.tv
**Tech Shows**http://www.filefarmer.com/techshows/
**Itunes**
- 	http://www.apple.com/itunes/

## Questions?

**Penny Glassman**
**Technology Coordinator**
**NN/LM New England Region**
- _[Penny.Glassman@umassmed.edu](mailto:Penny.Glassman@umassmed.edu)_

## Wonderful World of Wikis!

## What’s a Wiki?

- A web application that allows users to add content, but also allows others to edit the content (often completely unrestricted)
*Wiki* is a Hawaiian term meaning:
- “To hurry, hasten; quick, fast, swift.”

## Wiki Features

**Wikis** simplify the process of creating HTML Web pages
- Some features include:
- Changes are **INSTANTLY published**
- File uploading and sharing built into some versions
- Page index and full text search
- List and restore previous page versions
- Control user access and privileges

## Wiki History

- 1995 - Ward Cunningham establishes WikiWikiWeb as a complement to the Portland Pattern Repository
- 2000 - recognized as a promising way to develop public/private knowledge bases
- January 2001 - *Wikipedia is *launched

## Wiki Communities

- Some of the largest wikis are listed at:
**Meta’s List of Largest Wikis**
- 	_[http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_largest_wikis](http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_largest_wikis)_
**Meatball Wiki: BiggestWiki**
- 	_[http://www.usemod.com/cgi-bin/mb.pl?BiggestWiki](http://www.usemod.com/cgi-bin/mb.pl?BiggestWiki)_

## I want my Wiki!

**WikiFarms**: Wiki Hosting Services
**Pbwiki** - _[http://pbwiki.com/](http://pbwiki.com/)_
**JotSpot** (free & $$$) - _[http://www.jot.com/](http://www.jot.com/)_
**SeedWiki** - _[http://www.seedwiki.com/](http://www.seedwiki.com/)_
**Socialtext **($$$) - _[http://www.socialtext.com/](http://www.socialtext.com/)_
**Wikisoftware: **open source solutions
**MediaWiki** -  http://MediaWiki.org
**Tikiwiki** - http://tikiwiki.org

## Uses for a Wiki

- Intranet
- Project Collaboration
- Solicit input from community for specific projects
- Use Courseware and training tools

## Wiki demo

**Library Success: A Best Practices Wiki**
- 	_[http://www.libsuccess.org/](http://www.libsuccess.org/)_

## Social Networking

## Social Networking

- Tagging
- Social Networking Sites

## Tagging: Informal, emergent

- Practice of collaborative categorization using freely chosen keywords
- Tagging is becoming increasingly popular on the web and is somewhat controversial:
**Advocates**: more accurately reflects population’s conceptual model of information
**Critics**: risk of presenting biased perspectives and false information

## mmmm... Del.icio.us

**Del.icio.us**** - **social bookmarking service
- _[http://del.icio.us/](http://del.icio.us/)_
- Created by Joshua Schachter 2003 as a hobby and an informal way to tag and share Web pages
- December 2005 – was acquired by Yahoo!
- Let’s take a look shall we?

## Flickr & Technorati

**	****	****    ****- **_**[http://www.flickr.com/](http://www.flickr.com/)**_
- a photo management and sharing web application modelled after del.icio.us, has a similar system of free-‍form tagging for photos
**                  ****- **_**[http://www.technorati.com/about](http://www.technorati.com/about)**_
- a real-time Blog search engine that searches blogs and news sites that update with extreme frequency

## Social Networking

- MySpace.com: _[http://www.myspace.com/](http://www.myspace.com/)_
- Facebook.com: http://www.facebook.com/
- Linkedin: _[http://www.linkedin.com/](http://www.linkedin.com/)_
- Classmates.com: _[http://www.classmates.com/](http://www.classmates.com/)_

## Questions?

**Penny Glassman**
**Technology Coordinator**
**NN/LM New England Region**
- _[Penny.Glassman@umassmed.edu](mailto:Penny.Glassman@umassmed.edu)_

## Let my Software Go:The                    Movement

##  Open Source

- refers to a program in which the source code is available to the general public to use and/or modify from its original design free of charge, i.e., open

## Open Source Software

- 	Differs from commercial software in that the **source code** is freely available for anyone to:
- examine, evaluate, and adapt/modify for their own needs
- port to new operating systems and processor architectures
- distribute modified versions
- even market it!

## Not the same as “Freeware”

- is “*free of charge*”
- is generally _[proprietary](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proprietary)__ - users do not have the freedom to use, copy, study, modify or redistribute_
- Source code for freeware may or may not be published
- permission to distribute modified versions may or may not be granted

## History

**Jan 1998** - "open source" label comes out of strategy session in reaction to Netscape's announcement of source code release for Navigator (known as Mozilla)
**Feb 1998** - **Open Source Initiative (OSI) **formed by Eric S. Raymond and Bruce Perens

## Open Source Initiative (OSI)

- 	“The **basic idea behind open source** is very simple: When programmers can read, redistribute, and modify the source code for a piece of software, the software evolves. People improve it, people adapt it, people fix bugs. And this can happen at a speed that, if one is used to the slow pace of conventional software development, seems astonishing.”

## Advantages to using Open Source

- low cost and high value
- quality and reliability
- security
- increased freedom and flexibility (both hardware and software)
- adherence to open standards

## Disadvantages to using Open Source

- Liability for intellectual property infringement
- No guarantee of quality or fitness
- Projects can easily be abandoned or updates and fixes become less frequent

## The Cathedral and the Bazaar

- 1997 Essay by Eric Raymond
- 	http://www.catb.org/~esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/

## Licensing

- Open Source Software licenses grant rights to users which would otherwise be prohibited by copyright including rights on:
- Usage
- Modification
- Redistribution
- _[GNU General Public License](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_General_Public_License)__ (GPL) - most prominent example of licensing_

## Where can I find Open source Software?

**SourceForge.net**
- world’s largest Open Source software development web site
- hosts more than 100,000 projects
**Freshmeat.org ***(Linux slanted)*
- another popular large index of Unix and cross-platform open source software

## Slide 134

## NN/LM Open Source Usage

- Firefox browser
- MediaWiki (Wiki-based intranet)
- WordPress (Blog)
- Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP (LAMP)
- Other Popular applications:
- Plone CMS, phpBB, openoffice, Zope, Ubuntu Linux (live CD)

## Questions?

**Penny Glassman**
**Technology Coordinator**
**NN/LM New England Region**
- _[Penny.Glassman@umassmed.edu](mailto:Penny.Glassman@umassmed.edu)_