# Presentation: 845538

## 

Main Injector Particle Production
Experiment

DOE Annual Program Review
Holger Meyer

***M*****ain *****I*****njector *****P*****article *****P*****roduction**
**Experiment**
**DOE Annual Program Review**
**Holger Meyer**

## MIPP Experiment Overview

**Approved in November 2001, installed in Meson Center MC7,****14 months physics run ended in Februrary 2006**
**Use 120 GeV/c Main Injector protons to produce****– secondary beams of ************, K********, and p******** from 5 GeV/c to 90 GeV/c****– 120 GeV/c proton beam**
**Measure particle production cross sections on fixed targets****– various nuclei including hydrogen and the NuMI target**
**Momenta of ~all charged particles measured with TPC and tracking chambers.****Particle identification with dE/dx, ToF, differential Cherenkov, and RICH technologies.**
**Open Geometry – Lower systematics & Higher statistics than existing data.**
**A proposal P960 to upgrade MIPP is under consideration**

- MIPP  -  Holger Meyer

- September 26, 2007

## MIPP Collaboration

**J. Klay - ****California Polytechnic State University,**
**R. J. Peterson - ****Universi****ty of Colorad****o, Boulder**
**W. Baker, D. Carey, J. Hylen, C. Johnstone, M. Kostin, H. Meyer, N. Mokhov, A. Para, R. Raja, N. Solomey, S. Striganov - ****Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory**
**G. Feldman, ****A. Lebedev****, ****S. Seun - ****Harvard University**
**P. Hanlet, ****O. Kamaev****, D. Kaplan, H. Rubin, Y. Torun - ****Illinois Institute of Technology**
**U. Akgun, ****G. Aydin****, ****F. Duru****, E. G****ü****lmez, ****Y. Gunaydin****, Y. Onel, A. Penzo - ****University of Iowa**
**N. Graf****, M. Messier, J. Paley - ****Indiana University**
**P. D. Barnes Jr., E. Hartouni, M. Heffner, D. Lange, R. Soltz, D. Wright - ****Lawrence Livermore Laboratory**
**R. L. Abrams, H. R. Gustafson, M. Longo, T. Nigmanov, H-K. Park, D. Rajaram - ****University of Michigan**
**A. Bujak, L. Gutay, ****D. E. Miller - ****Purdue University**
**T. Bergfeld, A. Godley, S. R. Mishra, C. Rosenfeld, ****K. Wu - ****University of South Carolina**
**C. Dukes, L. C. Lu, ****C. Materniack****, K. Nelson, A. Norman - ****University of Virginia**
**N. Solomey – ****Wichita State University**

- MIPP  -  Holger Meyer

- September 26, 2007

## MIPP Secondary Beam

**MIPP Secondary Beam**

**Installed in 2003. Delivered slow spill commissioning beam since February 2004. Finished Engineering run in Aug 2004.**

- MIPP  -  Holger Meyer

- September 26, 2007

## MIPP Detector - Tracking

- TPC

- JGG

- MIPP  -  Holger Meyer

- September 26, 2007

## MIPP Detector – Particle ID

**MIPP Detector – Particle ID**

- RICH ring radiiand vessel

- Segmented threshold Ckov

- ToF  [cm/ns] vs p [GeV/c]

- MIPP  -  Holger Meyer

- September 26, 2007

## MIPP Time Projection Chamber

- All tracks are reconstructed- even in bad events

- TPC originates at BEVALAC group at LBL, then BNL-E910 - currently limiting DAQ to   ≤60Hz (1990's electronics)- drift time is 16 s

- MIPP  -  Holger Meyer

- September 26, 2007

## MIPP TPC Distortion Corrections

**Correct for non-parallel E and B fields**
**use Magboltz to model electron drift in P10 gas**
**Parametrize in drift velocity v=(v****x****,v****y****,v****z****), E=(0,E****y****,0), B=(B****x****,B****y****,0)**
**Swim electrons up from the pad-plane**
**Distortions of****several cm in****JGG**
**Residuals of****few mm**

- MIPP  -  Holger Meyer

- September 26, 2007

## MIPP Monte Carlo simulates Data well

**MIPP Monte Carlo simulates Data well**

- Data (left) and MC (below) agree well.MC models regions of low gain in the TPC.

- MIPP  -  Holger Meyer

- September 26, 2007

## MIPP Expected Particle ID

**MIPP Expected Particle ID**

- MIPP  -  Holger Meyer

- September 26, 2007

## MIPP Physics

**Particle Physics – To acquire unbiased high statistics data with complete particle id coverage for hadron interactions.**
**Study non-perturbative QCD hadron dynamics, scaling laws of particle production**
**Investigate light meson spectroscopy, missing resonances**
**Charged Kaon mass measurement**
**Nuclear Physics**
**Investigate strangeness production in nuclei**
**Nuclear scaling**
**Propagation of flavor through nuclei**
**Service Measurements**
**Improve shower models in MARS, Geant4  and Calorimetry -- ILC**
**Proton Radiography – Stockpile Stewardship- National Security**
**MINOS target – pion production measurements to control the near/far systematics**
**Will make DSTs available for the public on DVDs after we are done.**
**HARP at CERN went from 2-15GeV incoming pion and proton beams. MIPP has data at 5-85 GeV/c for 6 beam species ************K ******** p ******** **

- MIPP  -  Holger Meyer

- September 26, 2007

## MIPP Data Set

- MIPP  -  Holger Meyer

- September 26, 2007

## MIPP Data Reconstruction

**Tracking and Vertex reconstruction ****☑**
**PID**
**TPC ****☑**
**Ckov ****☑**
**ToF ****☒ (close to final)**
**RICH ****☑**
**Monte Carlo ****☑**

- MIPP  -  Holger Meyer

- September 26, 2007

## MIPP Results

**MIPP Results**

**Two PhD theses finished**
_**[Ratio of ](https://mipp-docdb.fnal.gov:440/cgi-bin/ShowDocument?docid=218)**__**[Pion](https://mipp-docdb.fnal.gov:440/cgi-bin/ShowDocument?docid=218)**__**[ ](https://mipp-docdb.fnal.gov:440/cgi-bin/ShowDocument?docid=218)**__**[Kaon](https://mipp-docdb.fnal.gov:440/cgi-bin/ShowDocument?docid=218)**__**[ Production in Proton Carbon Interactions](https://mipp-docdb.fnal.gov:440/cgi-bin/ShowDocument?docid=218)**_** (Andre Lebedev)**
_**[Measurement of Pi-K Ratios from the ](https://mipp-docdb.fnal.gov:440/cgi-bin/ShowDocument?docid=275)**__**[NuMI](https://mipp-docdb.fnal.gov:440/cgi-bin/ShowDocument?docid=275)**__**[ Target](https://mipp-docdb.fnal.gov:440/cgi-bin/ShowDocument?docid=275)**_** ****(S. Seun)**** **
**120 GeV/c****proton beam**** **
**Several other****preliminary****results**
**Multiplicities**
**Cross Sections**

- MIPP  -  Holger Meyer

- September 26, 2007

## MIPP 120 GeV/c p-C ratios

**MIPP data for ratios of ****π**** and K produced by p on thin-Carbon – A. Lebedev**
**MIPP data is needed to constrain models/fits**

- MIPP  -  Holger Meyer

- September 26, 2007

## Preliminary Cross Sections

**Reasonable first results – G. Aydin & H. Meyer**
**needs work on normalization, some other improvements**

- MIPP  -  Holger Meyer

- September 26, 2007

## MIPP Upgrade (P960) Collaboration

**D. Isenhower, M. Sadler, R. Towell, S. Watson; ****Abilene Christian University**
**R. J. Peterson; ****University of Colorado, Boulder**
**W. Baker, B. Baldin,D. Carey, D. Christian, M. Demarteau, D. Jensen, C. Johnstone, H. Meyer, R. Raja, A. Ronzhin, N. Solomey, W. Wester, J.-Y. Wu; ****Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory**
**W. Briscoe, I. Strakovsky, R. Workman; ****George Washington University, Washington D.C**
**H. Gutbrod, B. Kolb, K. Peters; ****GSI, Darmstadt, Germany**
**G. Feldman; ****Harvard University**
**Y. Torun; ****Illinois Institute of Technology**
**M.D. Messier, J. Paley; ****Indiana University**
**U. Akgun, G. Aydin, F. Duru, E. G****ü****lmez, Y. Gunaydin, Y. Onel, A. Penzo; University of Iowa**
**V. Avdeichikov, P. Filip, R. Leitner, J. Manjavidze, V. Nikitin, I. Rufanov, A. Sissakian, T. Topuria, A. Zinchenko; ****Joint Institute of Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia**
**D. M. Manley; ****Kent State University**
**H. L****ö****hner, J. Messchendorp; ****KVI, Groningen, Netherlands**
**H. R. Gustafson, M. Longo, T. Nigmanov, D. Rajaram; ****University of Michigan**
**S. P. Kruglov, I. V. Lopatin, N. G. Kozlenko, A. A. Kulbardis, D. V. Nowinsky, A. K. Radkov, V. V. Sumachev; ****Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Russia**** **
**A. Bujak, L. Gutay; ****Purdue University**
**D. Bergman, G. Thomson; ****Rutgers University, New Jersey**
**A. Godley, S. R. Mishra, C. Rosenfeld; ****University of South Carolina**
**C. Dukes, C. Materniak, K. Nelson, A. Norman; ****University of Virginia**
**P. Desiati, F. Halzen, T. Montaruli; ****University of Wisconsin, Madison**
**P. Sokolsky, W. Springer; ****University of Utah**

- MIPP  -  Holger Meyer

- September 26, 2007

## MIPP Upgrade Status

**New JGG magnet coils manufactured ($200k)**
**Refurbish Ziptrack to map the new magnetic field**
**TPC electronics in hand**
**Altro & Pasa chips ($80k)**
**Same as LHC, STAR,...**
**Will read out at ~3kHz**
**Other electronics upgrades**
**Prototypes in fabrication**
**Plastic Ball from KVI/GSI as****recoil detector in MIPP**

- MIPP  -  Holger Meyer

- September 26, 2007

## MIPP Upgrade Physics

**Measurement of Neutrino production targets**
**MINOS, NOvA, MINERvA**
**Atmospheric Neutrino production, Cosmic Ray showers**
**Cross sections on Nitrogen**
**Hadronic Shower Simulation**
**Tagged neutral beams**
**ILC Detector R&D**
**Non-perturbative QCD**
**Baryon Spectroscopy**
**See **_**["Proposal to upgrade the MIPP Experiment“](http://mipp-docdb.fnal.gov/cgi-bin/RetrieveFile?docid=138&version=2&filename=upgrade_new.pdf)**_** for details and further topics**

- MIPP  -  Holger Meyer

- September 26, 2007

## MIPP Summary

**MIPP finished taking data in February 2006.****Data analysis is in progress and first results are coming out now.**
**A future run (if approved) will improve statistics and physics reach further.**
**MIPP is a very versatile experiment.**
**Interesting physics on its own**
**MIPP data is an important input for many other experiments**
**Atmospheric Neutrinos & Cosmic Rays: PIERRE AUGER, ICE CUBE**
**MINOS/MINER****ν****A/NO****ν****A, Super K/Hyper K (neutrino spectra)**
**CMS/Atlas (hadronic energy scale)**
**ILC calorimetry (hadronic energy scale/resolutions)**

- MIPP  -  Holger Meyer

- September 26, 2007

## The End

**	****	****	****Backup slides**

- MIPP  -  Holger Meyer

- September 26, 2007

## MIPP Detector Alignment

**TPC ExB corrections could not be done well with bad alignment**
**Need to fit TPC residuals against know track positions from chambers**

- MIPP  -  Holger Meyer

- September 26, 2007

## Beam Cherenkov Pressure Curves

- +40 GeV/c

- -40 GeV/c

- K-

- K-

- K+

- K+

- p

- p

- p-

- p-

- -

- -

- +

- +

- MIPP  -  Holger Meyer

- September 26, 2007

## 50 GeV/c p-C Event Display

- MIPP  -  Holger Meyer

- September 26, 2007

## NuMI target in MIPP

- MIPP  -  Holger Meyer

- September 26, 2007

## Charged Kaon Mass in MIPP

- RICH ring radius of tagged , K, p beam particles measures K mass relative to well know masses of , p.
- With higher statistics this couldresolve the disagreement betweenexisting measurements, see PDG.Important for VUS.

- MIPP  -  Holger Meyer

- September 26, 2007

## We do not know how to calculate a single cross section in non-perturbative QCD! This is >99% of the total QCD cross section. Perturbative QCD has made impressive progress. But it relies on structure functions for its calculations, which are non-perturbative and derived from data. 
Feynman scaling, KNO scaling, rapidity plateaus are all violated. We cannot predict elastic cross sections, diffractive cross sections, let alone inclusive or semi-inclusive processes. Regge ''theory'' is in fact a phenomenology whose predictions are flexible and can be easily altered by adding more trajectories. 
All existing data are old, low statistics with poor particle id.MIPP data on LH2 will provide precise data to test new ideas.

**Feynman scaling, KNO scaling, rapidity plateaus are all violated. We cannot predict elastic cross sections, diffractive cross sections, let alone inclusive or semi-inclusive processes. Regge ''theory'' is in fact a phenomenology whose predictions are flexible and can be easily altered by adding more trajectories.**** **
**All existing data are old, low statistics with poor particle id.****MIPP data on LH2 will provide precise data to test new ideas.**

**Why study non-perturbative QCD?**

- MIPP  -  Holger Meyer

- September 26, 2007

## General scaling law of particle fragmentation

**States that the ratio of a semi-inclusive cross section to an inclusive cross section**
**where**** ****M****2****,**** s**** ****and**** t**** ****are the Mandelstam variables for the missing mass squared, CMS energy squared and the momentum transfer squared between the particles**** ****a**** ****and**** ****c****.  PRD18(1978)204.**
**Using EHS data, we have tested and verified the law in 12 reactions (DPF92) but only at fixed ****s****.**
**MIPP will test the law as a function of  ****s**** and ****t**** for various particle types ****a****, ****b****, and ****c**** for beam energies between ~5 GeV/c and 120 GeV/c to unprecedented statistical and systematic accuracy in 36 reactions.**

- MIPP  -  Holger Meyer

- September 26, 2007

## Particle fragmentation scaling law – EHS results

- MIPP  -  Holger Meyer

- September 26, 2007

## Simulation of cosmic ray showers

**Existing data is sparse:**

- MIPP  -  Holger Meyer

- September 26, 2007