# Presentation: 406686

## Department of Homeland Security Metadata Center of Excellence

*The FEA Data Reference Model:**Business Case and Dimensions*

- Michael C. Daconta
- Metadata Program Manager
- July 21, 2005

- Note: Pages with graphics have descriptions in the notes field

**Notes:**
There is a logo on this page for the U.S. Department of Homeland Security 
There is also a logo for the MCDE which stands for Metadata Center of Excellence

## Agenda

**What is the DRM?**** **
**The DRM Business Case**** **
- Strategic Goal
- Tactical Goals
**DRM WG Update****(Where we are...)**** **
**DRM Dimensions****(Where we are going...)**
**Concrete Implementation**
**Conclusion**

**Notes:**
This page has bullet points about the DRM (Data Reference Model) and a picture of a clock that is there to show that there is urgency and a timeline in place.

## What is the DRM?

**Data Context**
- Categorization
- Business Rules (TBD)
**Data Sharing**
- Exchange Packages
- Query Points (Access)
**Data Description**
- Structured Data
- Unstructured Resources
- Data Assets

- The significant problems we face cannot be solved at the same level of thinking we were at when we created them.                                                                - Albert Einstein

**Notes:**
The text on this page explains what the Data Resource Model is. 

Data Context – Categorization and Business Rules (to be determined)
Data Sharing – Exchange Packages and Query Points (access)
Data Description – Structured Data, Unstructured Resources and Data Assets

This slide also shows a “three legged stool” with the data reference model being supported by the following three legs:

Data Context: How do I find the data?
2. Data Sharing: How do I exchange data? 
3. Data Description: How do I understand what the data means?

## DRM Business Case

_**Strategic Goal**_
- Real-time Relevance: “The Right Information to the Right Person at the Right Time”

- What the User Needs RIGHT NOW!

- What we mean by “Right”

- What you have available?

- Do you know your users?

- Can you calculate this in real-time?

- How much of what you have do you actively manage?

**Notes:**
This slide discusses the Strategic Goal of Real Time Relevance which is “The right information to the right person at the right time.”

It has Bubbles that connect User Content and Requirement to “what the user needs right now” and “do you know your users?”

It has bubbles that connect Relevance to “what me mean by “right” and “Can you calculate this in real time?”

And the last bubble connects Content and Services to “What you have available? And “How much of what you have do you actively manage?”

## Achieving this requires Data Fidelity...

**Too much focus on production ...**
- Look & Feel, GUI, WYSIWYG, Postscript, ...
**First 40 years in IT we’ve perfected ****graphics fidelity**** ...**** ****	****In the next 40 years we will perfect **_**data fidelity**_** ... let’s begin!**

- © Microsoft

- _Tactical Goals_:
-  Consumer-Centric
-  Many-to-Many Interfaces
-  Knowledge Line-of-Sight

**Notes:**
This slide has photographs that demonstrate how we’ve gone from graphics fidelity to data fidelity. The first photo is of space with the caption 1961 – Space War, and the second is of a video game like character shooting a machine gun called 2001 - Halo

## Apps

**Data**

- We had it all wrong...

- In the beginning...

- This shift (of Copernican proportion) will create an “Information Network Effect”

**Tactical Goal 1: Consumer-centric Information**

**Notes:**
This slide shows Tactical Goal 1 which is Consumer Centric Information.  
This slide which has animation, was designed to convey the following:
In the beginning we had it all wrong – we had our application as the core and our data on the outside.
Then there was a shift to put the data as the core and the application on the outside.  It says “This shift of Copernican proportion will create and information network”
Now we have many applications around the core of data.

## Tactical Goal 2: Many-to-Many Interfaces

***The trend is to put the “smarts” in the data, not in the applications.***

- “Point to Point Interfaces must DIE”

- “The Smart Data Continuum”

- -Daconta, Obrst, Smith

**Notes:**
This slide shows Tactical Goal 2 which is called Many to Many interfaces. 

It shows 4 graphics which don’t convey any information, each connected to something on the “smart data continuum” (a phrase coined by the author Mike Daconta and Chris Smith)

It begins by saying that point to point interfaces must die. Then the continuum moves from Text documents and Database records to XML Documents using single vocabularies to XML taxonomies and documents with mixed vocabularies and finally to XML ontology and automated reasoning. 

The final text on the slide says that the trend is to put the “smarts” in the data, not in the applications.

## Tactical Goal 3: Knowledge Line of Sight 

- Remember we must connect the 3C’s!

- samePerson

- 	**Resource ****Catalog**

- Ontology/
- Cross-domain

- Domain/COI

- Content-level

- 	Exportas

- Context-Level

- Namespace
- Document

- Catalog-Level
- (Resource-Level)

**Notes:**
This slide talks about tactical goal 3 which is Knowledge Line of Sight. (It reminds us that we must connect the 3 C’s which are Context-Level, Catalog Level and Content Level.

The highest level which is the Context level is where we find “ontology/cross domain.”  In that portion of the diagram, everything is connected to everything else.  Starting from the bottom on content level, there is a diagram that shows a line going from one document to another that says “same person”.  An arrow then goes from that bottom document up to the second level (the Catalog Level which is also called resource level). There it goes to a resource catalog. The rest of the diagram basically shows the different ways information can flow and that it eventually gets to the top context level.  

## DRM Working Group Update

**Three-tiered Working Group **
- Open, collaborative
_**[http://colab.cim3.net/cgi-bin/wiki.pl?DataReferenceModel](http://colab.cim3.net/cgi-bin/wiki.pl?DataReferenceModel)**__** **_
**Accomplishments**
- Outreach Workshops
- Education Sessions
- XML Schema
- Management Strategy Draft
**Plans (by October 17)**
- DRM 1.5 Document
- DRM Management Strategy Document
- DRM Implementation and Testing Plan for the DRM XML Schema

- DRM Working Group Structure

## FEA DRM Dimensions

- What is it?

- What is it good for?

- What do I have to do?

**Notes:**
This slide shows three arrows each with a question associated with it. 

Arrow one Shows “Framework” the question associated with it is “what is it?”

Arrow two shows “Roles and Responsibilities” and the question associated with it are “What do I have to do?”

Arrow 3 shows “Activities” and the question associated with it is “What is it good for?”

## FEA DRM Dimensions (2)

- Framework

- Agency

- COI

- Cross-COI

- Models

- Content

- Policy

-  Categorization
-  Sharing
-  Description

-  Categorization
-  Sharing
-  Description

-  Categorization
-  Sharing
-  Description

- Egov Act – 207D

- Information Sharing

- Data Architecture

- Investment Review

**Notes:**
This graphic shows a cube with depth. There are 4 layers. Here are what they represent:

Investment Review
Data Architecture
E-Gov Act – 207D
Information Sharing

Then each of those four layers have 4 categories that cut across each. They are
Framework
Agency
Community of Interest and 
Cross-Community of Interest

The framework section has 3 parts which have the same subcategories. Here they are:
Models (categorization, sharing and description)
Content (categorization, sharing and description)
Policy (categorization, sharing and description)

The final piece of information is that for all, the Concrete Implementation Mechanism is XML Schema.

## A Concrete Approach

**DRM XML Schema**

**DRM Management Process**

- XML
- Schema

- XML
- Instances

- <DRM>
-     <Description>
-         <Structured>
-                XXXX
-         </Structured>
-      </Description>
- </DRM>

**Notes:**
This slide talks about a concrete approach. First it shows a DRM XML schema which includes categorization, exchange and structure of data all moving into an XML Schema and then into XML instances.

Then it shows DRM Management Process which uses shows the path of Phases 1-4 which are as follows:
Phase 1 Collection
Phase 2 Registration
Phase 3 Harmonization and Standardization and
Phase 4 Measure

They final graphic is of a baseball diamond which shows that following this path is like a akin to how one must run the bases in a particular order in order to score.

## Egov Act (207D) Use Case

**Categorization of Government Information**

- DRM

- XSLT

- Consumer

- Relevant Topics

- website

- http://www.dhs.gov/xml/public_drm.xml

- Data source

## COI Harmonization Implementation

**Agencies are part of a Community of Interest.**
- Collection and registration occurs for all COI participants
- A new harmonization requirement occurs
- Since models are in the registry in a normalized format they can be quickly harmonized.

- 1

- 1

- 2

- 2

- 3

- 3

**Notes:**
This slide highlights how two agencies (in this case the Department of Homeland Security and the Department of Justice) which are cross-communities of interest have worked together on their Data Reference Models. The key is the common registry so that people can talk about “apples and apples” instead of “apples and oranges”.  They use an example of where they found similarities in an immigrant data model and a student data model.  

## Conclusion

**As We May Think****1****...**
- “Our ineptitude in getting at the record is largely caused by the artificiality of systems of indexing. ...The human mind does not work that way. It operates by association. ..._**Selection by association**_, rather than indexing, may yet be mechanized.”                               - Vannevar Bush, _**1945**__** **_
**The DRM represents an unprecedented opportunity**
- These are systemic problems ... the status quo is unacceptable.
- I look forward to working with you to overcome the difficult challenges we face!

- 1 © Vannevar Bush

- © Ocean Cruise Guides

- A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. - Lao-Tzu

- All Aboard!!

**Notes:**
This slide shows text and a picture of a ship which demonstrates everyone “rowing” together in the same direction.

## Questions?

**michael.daconta@dhs.gov**