# Presentation: 437396

## Vladimir Papitashvili
Antarctic Sciences Section
NSF/Office of Polar Programs

**Antarctic Sciences Section**
**NSF/Office of Polar Programs**

**Aeronomy and Astrophysics Program**

**Aeronomy, Space Physics, and Astrophysics Program**

## Antarctic Research

**Research aimed at exploration of Antarctica **
**      ****Examples:**
- Aerogeophysics and geology
- Sea-floor mapping
- Long-term ecological research
- Life sciences

**Research on Antarctica’s role in global systems**
**      ****Examples:**
- Ozone, greenhouse gases
- Ocean circulation and sea level
- Climate  changes
- Continental drift

**3.****	****Research using Antarctica as a platform**
**      ****Examples:**
- Seismic studies
- Meteorite collection
- Aeronomy and upper atmosphere
- Space physics
- Astronomy and astrophysics

## South Pole Station

- Neutrino astrophysics and radio astronomy
-     to test cosmological models
- Space physics and upper atmospheric studies
- 	to forecast space weather
- Ozone depletion, monitoring of UV radiation
- 	to test global warming
- Atmospheric constituents and pollution
- Palaeoclimatic records from snow and ice
- Human behavioral studies
- Global seismology

## Aeronomy, Space and Astrophysics Research

- high, dry, cold atmosphere with negligible variability — almost space-like conditions
- clarity of the continental ice for the largest neutrino telescope
- polar vortex permits long duration balloon-borne experiments
- geomagnetic focus of solar and cosmic particles and fields (aurora australis)
- unique photochemistry creates the ozone hole

## AMANDA - Antarctic Muon and Neutrino Detector Array

**Neutrino telescopes look through the Earth to understand how Mother Nature can accelerate particles to very high energies (****tera- and peta-electron volts)**

## IceCube

**IceCube**

**A new neutrino telescope  of 1-km****3**** scale**

**To detect high-energy neutrinos from deep space **
**To probe new window into the Universe**

## Radio Astronomy (Sub-MM  and Infrared) – AST/RO, ACBAR, SPARO, SPIREX, DASI

- Temperature variations (μK)(inflationary model and data)

## Cosmic Microwave Background Research 

**A new 10-m dish radio telescope – ****to test inflation of the Universe**

**SPT– FY07**

**SPT– FY07**

**45 m**

**16 m**

## NASA/NSF Long-Duration Balloons Program

## Sun –Earth Connections

**Sun –Earth Connections**

**AURORA BOREALIS AND AURORA AUSTRALIS**

## U.S. Automatic Geophysical Observatories

**Ozone Hole****September 2000**

## Antarctic Aeronomy, Space Physics & Astrophysics

- _Funding_                  _FY01_         _FY02_         _FY03_         _FY04_
**Aeronomy****	****$0.6M      $0.6M      $1.2M****	****$0.5M****  **
*New Proposals**          ***0****/****2 ****         ****0****/****2 ****         ****4****/****0 ****         ****3****/****2**
**Space Physics      $1.8M****	****$1.0M****	****  $1.7M****	****$2.1M**
*New Proposals**          ***5****/****0****          ****4****/****1****          ****3****/****0****        ****12****/****5***  *
**Astrophysics        $3.4M      $7.9M      $6.7M       $7.3M**
*New proposals**          ***3****/****4****          ****4****/****2**** ****         ****3****/****6****          ****7****/****3**
**Total                     $5.8M      $9.5M       $9.6M      $9.9M**
- Funded/Declined       **8****/****6****  ****        ****8****/****5****    ****     ****10****/****6****       ****22****/****10**
- Proposals deadline is around June 1 of each year

**OPP also holds funds for cross-directorate programs: ITR ($1.5M) and MRI ($1.1M)**

## Antarctic Aeronomy, Space Physics & Astrophysics – Budget Profile

- $M

**FY05 commitments: 75% of the base budget ($9.9M)**

**Antarctic Aeronomy, Space Physics & Astrophysics – Budget Profile**