# Presentation: 707498

## Comparative evaluation between NOAA AVHRR, MODIS, Feng Yun 1D, and LandSat 5 TM images working as a satellite constellation for burned areas detection on Paraná Medio Flooding Valley in Argentina.

**Asociación de Universidades**
**Grupo Montevideo**

**Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, **
**Ingeniería y Agrimensura**

**Researchers:**

**Arq. Carlos Cotlier****1**

**Tec. Diego López****1**

**1 - Centro de Sensores Remotos - Universidad Nacional de Rosario - Argentina**

**Agrim. José Belaga****2**

**Agrim. Benito Vicioso****2**

**2 - FCEIyA - Universidad Nacional de Rosario - Argentina**

**2008 Satellite Direct Readout Conference **

## Bushes and natural vegetation are burned on the islands belonging to the Paraná River Flooding Valley to obtain soft grass for cattle raising, burning has been intensified in the last years, destruction of a wild wetlands with unique characteristic are done.

- Because of the unique characteristics, this flora and fauna reservation should be protected by monitoring against indiscriminate burning.
- The use of NDII (Normalized Difference Infrared Index) and BAI (Burned Area Index) indexes are applied for the analysis of the affected areas and images were created with infrared bands combinations.

**Abstract. **

## NOAA and Feng Yun Burned Detected Areas.

## Using images from different satellite sensors over a same study area we tried to determine if the data information of a satellite constellation allow to detect which ones are optimum by means of their spatial or spectral resolution.

**Applied Methodology. **

- With aid of the high temporal resolution of NOAA-AVHRR, Feng Yun 1D and MODIS, the next day images (February 19, 2006) were used to check the burned areas and analyze the sensors different spectral response.

- A LandSat 5 TM image was used (February 18, 2006) to determine the fire focus location with the most accurate precision, a main focus with a big smoke column was chosen.

- a)

- b)

## FENG YUN Series

**FENG YUN Series**
**(Wind and Cloud)**

**NOAA Series**

**1.1 Km Pixel Resolution**

**1.1 Km Pixel Resolution**

**North Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration**
**US Department of Commerce**
**USA.**

**China Meteorological Administration**
**Peoples Republic of China.**

**Utilized Satellites. **

## Terra-Aqua

**LandSat 5 TM**

**30 m Resolución Pixel**

**500 m Resolución Pixel **

**National Aeronautics and Space Administration**
**USA**

**National Aeronautics and Space Administration****USA**

**Utilized Satellites. **

## Reception Antenna. 

**Reception Antenna. **

## Capture and Decoding System. 

**Capture and Decoding System. **

## 02/18/2006 LandSat 5 TM Image Analysis.

- Latitude:
- Longitude:

- -33o 39’ 34.8”
- -59o 18’ 41.9”

**Analyzed central pixel**

## 02/18/2006 LandSat 5 TM Image Matrixes.

## NOAA - Feng Yun -MODIS - LandSat comparative table.

## Bow Tie effect on MODIS images.

- In contrast to other scanning sensors like e.g. AVHRR, MODIS is observing within one scan ten lines of 1km spatial resolution (40 lines of 250m resolution and 20 lines of 500m resolution, respectively). Due to this unique feature, the so called panoramic "bow tie" - effect occurs at the border of each scene. In the figure, a schematic layout of the "bow tie" effect is presented.
- Three consecutive MODIS scans each consisting of ten 1km lines. Due to the panoramic "bow tie" effect, the scans are partially overlapping  at off

- Nadir angles. The first and  third scan are represented by the light grey grids, while the second scan is shown in black.

## Index Calculation for Specific Area Detection.

- NDII (Normalized Difference Infrared Index)

**NOAA-AVHRR**

**Feng Yun 1D**

**MODIS**

**LandSat 5 TM**

- BAI (Burned Area Index)

**NOAA-AVHRR and Feng Yun 1D**

**MODIS**

## 19/02/2006 MODIS Image Analysis.

- Latitude:
- Longitude:

- -33o 39’ 34.8”
- -59o 18’ 41.9”

**Analyzed burned area central pixel.**

- Latitude:
- Longitude:

- -33o 44’ 43.8”
- -59o 16’ 55.9”

**Analyzed healthy vegetation central pixel.**

- Radiometric value: 0.170700

- Radiometric value: 0.290331

## 19/02/2006 MODIS Image Matrixes.

- 9x21 Matrix Subset - 7 Band

- 9x21 Matrix Subset - 2 Band

- 9x21 Matrix Subset - 1 Band

- 9x21 Matrix Subset - 32 Band

## Analyzed burned area central pixel.

- Latitude:
- Longitude:

- Latitude:
- Longitude:

**19/02/2006 Feng Yun 1D Image Analysis.**

- -33o 39’ 34.8”
- -59o 18’ 41.9”

- -33o 44’ 43.8”
- -59o 16’ 55.9”

- Radiometric value: 0.0948339

- Radiometric value: 0.109571

**Analyzed healthy vegetation central pixel.**

## Feng Yun 1D 19/02/2006 Image Matrixes.

- 9x21 Matrix Subset - 2 Band

- 9x21 Matrix Subset - 1 Band

- 9x21 Matrix Subset - 4 Band

**Feng Yun 1D 19/02/2006**** Image Matrixes.**

## Analyzed burned area central pixel.

- Latitude:
- Longitude:

- Latitude:
- Longitude:

**19/02/2006 NOAA-AVHRR Image Analysis.**

- -33o 39’ 34.8”
- -59o 18’ 41.9”

- -33o 44’ 43.8”
- -59o 16’ 55.9”

- Radiometric value: 0.125630

- Radiometric value: 0.152622

**Analyzed healthy vegetation central pixel.**

## NOAA-AVHRR 17 19/02/2006 Image Matrixes.

- 9x21 Matrix Subset - 3 Band

- 9x21 Matrix Subset - 2 Band

- 9x21 Matrix Subset - 1 Band

- 9x21 Matrix Subset - 4 Band

## An optic satellite constellation proved to be optimum for fire damage analysis when satellite revisit dates allow it.

- With the aid of low and medium spatial resolution, a more precision size of the burned areas and possible assess of the damage caused was determined.

- The use of a LandSat TM 5 image with a 30 meters spatial resolution to determine the main fire focus and with the help of lower spatial resolution images but with higher daily and hourly revisit as NOAA, Feng Yun and MODIS allows a better and more accurate data information in a 24 hours period after fire detection.
- Care should be taken not confusing the burned areas with water bodies (pure water) or any other surface that can confuse .

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**CONCLUSIONS.**

## CONCLUSIONS.

- The question remaining is: how to work with this constellation methodology when LandSat revisit time is 16 days?
- In this case we recommend the use others satellite images like IRS, SPOT (30 meters resolution), SAC-C (with a 175 meters spatial resolution), CBERS (25 meters resolution), IKONOS, Quick Bird (one meters resolution), etc.

-  Each year more countries are putting in orbit more medium resolution satellite, in the near future countries like Nigeria, China, Israel, France and Korea has or are going to have more MIR bands satellite with a spatial resolution of 30 meters or lower.

****

****

## CONCLUSIONS.

- If no commercial satellite match with their revisit time, MODIS can be used because of the daily revisit time but with a spatial resolution of 500 meters.

- Finally we can conclude that the use an optic satellite constellation when revisit dates allow, it is optimum for fire damage analysis.
- Allowing with the use of Medium and Low spatial resolution platforms allow to determine an accurate size of burned areas and possible assess of the damage with more precision.

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