# Presentation: 835259

## Heat PlusPowerTM 

- Clean Heat & Power
- Applications
- Multi-Unit Residential

- Richard Adamson, Sr. VP Engineering
- radamson@mariahpower.com

- © Mariah Energy Corp. 2001

## Economic Value of CHP

- Energy Efficiency of on-site CHP
- T & D Savings
- Infrastructure Savings
- Emissions Reduction
- Other Value Streams
- Example Project

## Traditional Central Power

**Remote****Energy**

**Heat Lost to Generate One Year of Electricity =**
**3/4 of Annual Heating Requirements (Typical Apartment)**

**Heat **

**Heat Lost**
**65 %+**
**Conversion Losses**
**to rivers, lakes, or air**

**Electricity**

**Heat Lost 5-10% ****(4.8% per 100 mi)**
**Wire Losses**

**Electricity**

**Large Thermal**
**Power Plants**

**Electricity**
**20 - 30%**
**Delivered to Customer**

## Mariah Heat PlusPowerTM 

- Mariah Heat PlusPowerTM

**Heat Lost**
**~20%**
**Conversion Losses**
**to air**

**Electricity**

**Electricity**
**26%**
**Delivered to Customer**

**Gas**
**Energy**

**Heat**

**60/30 **
**Heat PlusPower**

**Heat**
**54%**
**Recovered for DHW etc.**

**more than 50% less**
**Greenhouse Gas emissions than baseline (Alberta)**
**96% NO****x**** reduction**

## Technology Basics

- Fuel

- Air

- Exhaust

- Hot Water

- Water Return

- Electricity

- Controls:
- Hot water controls
- Electrical interconnect
- Load shedding
- Electrical sub-metering
- Thermal energy metering
- Remote Dispatch, Control & Diagnostics

- 26% of Fuel(30 kW)

- 54% of Fuel(185,000 BTU/h)

- 20% of Fuel

**Notes:**
The Mariah Heat PlusPower package is a bit bigger than a Coke Machine.
A gas fired micro-turbine generates electricity at about 26% efficiency.  The remaining heat content of the fuel results in heat.
The design spec for the heat recovery system calls for the unit to extract 85% of the exhaust energy.
This goes into hot water, either potable or glycol solution depending on the applcation.
The controls communicate on a twisted pair network including electrical controls, HX controls, heat flow meter(s), electricity sub-meters, and electrical contactor and load shedding controls.  The data are available for remote reading and writing from a central dispatch office.

## Why DG?

**Distribution and Transmission**
**‘****Energy Vampires’:**
**30 kW of DG power =**
**32.6 kW of centralized power***

*** may vary with location**

## Walker Court Project

- DHW Loops

- Radiant Floor Heating Loops

- Dual Fired DHW Tanks

- 60/30 Heat PlusPowerTM

- Backup Boiler

- Electrical Service Entrance

- Each condo unit includes residential upstairs and commercial down w. basement  and parking (12 units)

## Emissions Savings

- 97% NOx Reduction
- ~ 0.84 tpy per 60/30 kW CHP
- ~ $1260/y trade-able credit*
- Up to $4875 permanent emission reduction credit (Connecticut)*
- 55% CO2 Reduction (baseline dependent)
- ~210 tpy reduction
- ~$1260 per year trade-able value (est.)

- *Natsource newsletter “Airtrends”, May 2001

## Case: Small Condo

- 64 unit condominium
- Suites not individually metered
- No power exports allowed from site
- Residential w. limited commercial & small restaurant
- No pool

## Small Condo Constraints

- DHW ONLY
- no other year-round load
- Can supply to all on-site loads
- Common meter
- Substantially all generation consumed on-site
- Controls can limit output at low-demand times
- Desirable to base-load thermal & electrical

## Slide 11

**Notes:**
- The average thermal DHW demand for a 64 unit condominium complex is 70 kW (GREY LINE)
- Of this, one CHP unit produces 55 kW (BLUE LINE) or 84% (RED AREA) of the thermal DHW demand
- The remainder of thermal DHW demand (16%) is supplied by the boiler (AQUA AREA)
- 3% of the available heat from the CHP unit is not utilised (YELLOW AREA)

## Slide 12

**Notes:**
- The average electrical demand for a 64 unit condominium complex is 67 kW (GREY LINE)
- Of this, one CHP unit produces 30 kW (BLUE LINE) or 45% (RED AREA) of the electrical demand
- The remainder of the electrical demand (55%) is supplied by the local utility (AQUA AREA)
- 100% of the available electricity from the CHP unit is utilised

## Unaccounted For Savings

- T & D Savings
- Deferred Investment
- Gas T&D
- Electrical T&D
- Heating Equipment
- Desirable Energy Profile (Gas)
- Emissions Reduction

## Slide 14

**Notes:**
The main point to emphasize in this slide and the slide following is that economics are heavily determined by the use of heat on a year-round basis (i.e. year-round base load)

## Slide 15

**Notes:**
Main point: economics are heavily determined by the use of heat on a year-round basis (i.e. year-round base load)

## What makes a good CHP host?

- _Year-Round Thermal Load_
- Simple Metering Configuration
- On-site Base-Load Electrical OR
- Ready access to a viable market for power exports
- Other value streams