# Presentation: 042695

## TheEconomic Census and You

## Census Economic Datafor Local Areas

- 5-year intervals
- Economic Census
- Survey of Business Owners
- Annual
- County Business Patterns
- Nonemployer Statistics
- Annual Survey of Manufactures
- Statistics of U.S. Business

## What Users Need to Know

***Economic Census***
***Overview and uses***
***How the data are classified (SIC / NAICS)***
***How the data are published (1997 / 2002)***
***Working with the data ***
***Local data from current programs***

**Notes:**
There are several parts to this presentation.  For most of the time, I will focus on the Economic Census.
That was a brief overview of the Economic Census, and where it fits in the scheme of things  
Next, I will talk about industry classification—SIC and NAICS
Third, my colleague Paul Zeisset will talk about products from the 2002 Economic Census and when they are coming out.
Fourth, Paul will review new tools that will help you use the data, and where you can get more information.

Finally, Paul will broaden the scope to deal with other data sets collected annually that include information for local areas.

## Economic
  data collected from businesses

Demographic
  data collected from households

**  **data collected from** businesses**
**      **
**Demographic**
**  **data collected from** households**

*Census Terminology*

**Notes:**
Let me introduce you to a bit of our jargon.  When we at the Census Bureau refer to economic data we are referring to data that we collect from businesses.  We use the term demographic to refer to data collected from households.  

Of course, there are lots of important data about the American economy that can be gleaned from the income, occupation, and labor force information published in Census 2000 and from other demographic surveys, but those data are beyond the scope of this presentation.

## Slide 5

**Notes:**
There are a great deal of statistics for and about business issued by the federal government.  Many of these come from the U.S. Census Bureau.  I will review several different sources, but will focus on one of the richest of the business data sets, the 2002 Economic Census.

## www.census.gov

*www.census.gov*

**Notes:**

From the Census home page you can click on the main heading Business.

## Slide 7

**Notes:**
The table of “Programs with national and subnational data” lists 8 programs, and, on the right, links directly to data -- where available -- for states, metro areas, counties, cities, and ZIP codes.

Links in the far left take you to the most current data, organized by sector. 

At the top of the page is a link to the latest economic indicator.  It changes every few days as new indicators are released, but it introduces the fact that the Census Bureau publishes a number of the ...  

## Principal Economic Indicators

**  ****Manufacturing and Trade:  Inventories and Sales**
-   Monthly Wholesale Trade
-   Manufactures’ Shipments, Inventories and Orders
**  ****Quarterly Services Survey [NEW]**
**  ****Housing Starts**
-   Value of New Construction Put in Place
-   Housing Completions
-   New Homes Sold and for Sale
**  ****US International Trade in Goods and Services**
-   Quarterly Financial Report (two releases)
-   Housing Vacancies

***Principal Economic Indicators***

**Notes:**
Census Bureau publishes a number of the Principal Economic Indicators, like
■  Monthly retail sales,
■  Manufacturers shipments, inventories and orders
■  International Trade in Goods and Services...
■  and the brand new Quarterly Services Survey

## Surveys vs Census

***Economic Census ***
- Every 5 years   ***(years ending in 2 & 7)***
- Industry/product detail
- Detailed Geography

***Economic Surveys***
- Annual, quarterly,    monthly
- Limited detail
- Mostly national

**Notes:**
But the surveys that make the best news for their frequency and timeliness are not necessarily the same ones that provide all of the details needed for many practical businesses decisions.

While we have a number of surveys that provide annual, quarterly and monthly data, they mostly have limited industry detail, and they mostly tell us only what is going on in the nation as a whole.

## Slide 10

**Notes:**
Fortunately, once every 5 years, we have a much larger survey we call the Economic Census.  The census provides us with much greater detail about specific industries and about the products they produce or sell.

- 	“The Economic Census is indispensable to understanding America’s economy...”
- 	--**Alan Greenspan, Chairman, Federal Reserve Board of Governors**

** **

**Notes:**
All of these statistics are very important to policy makers and business people.

Alan Greenspan has said that “The Economic Census is indispensable to understanding America’s economy”

## Public Sector Uses

-  Benchmarking
-  Tracking economic change
-  Attracting new businesses
-  Assisting business    development

**Notes:**
The Economic Census serves a number of important needs in the public sector.
■  Government agencies use the census as the foundation--or benchmark--for other statistics and surveys, from the Gross Domestic Product to monthly retail sales.
■  Policy-making agencies in government use census data to:
   ■  Measure and track in the local economies, and
   ■  Analyze the impact of policies and economic programs
■  Local agencies use economic census data to focus efforts to attract new business and retain existing firms, and to assist entrepreneurs in business development.

** **

- “Sound and timely economic
- data are the fuel that powers
- business decision making...”
-  --**Thomas J. Donohue, President,**
**United States Chamber of Commerce**

**Notes:**
These data are not just for government use.  The president of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce has remarked that "Sound and timely economic data are the fuel that powers business decision making..."

## Private Sector Uses

**Study your industry**
- 	Market share
- 	Product trends
- 	Strategic planning

**What’s my share?**
**How does my firm compare?**

**Notes:**
Businesses are especially important as data users because it is they who provide the data in the first place.

First, firms can look at their own industry.  A firm can compare its own statistics with figures for the industry, computing market share and evaluating its own growth and product mix relative to the competition.

## Private Sector Uses

**Study your industry**
- 	Market share
- 	Product trends
- 	Strategic planning
**Study business markets**
- 	Site locations
- 	Sales territories
- 	Forecasting sales

**Where are my customers? suppliers?  competitors?**

**Notes:**
Second, firms use census data in business-to-business marketing.  Manufacturers and distributors that sell their products to or through other businesses use the economic census to study those markets, and then apply what they have found out in
         Locating plants, warehouses, and stores; and
         Laying out sales territories;
         Making sales forecasts.

■  Of course, businesses engaged in marketing to household consumers (B-to-C instead of B-to-B), make many of these same types of decisions using data about people--from the 2000 Census of Population and Housing.

## Private Sector Uses

**Study your industry**
- 	Market share
- 	Product trends
- 	Strategic planning
**Study business markets**
- 	Site locations
- 	Sales territories
- 	Forecasting sales
**Evaluate investments**
- 	Estimate market size
- 	Data for loan applications

**Notes:**
Third, firms use census data to evaluate investment opportunities.  This can be especially important to small businesses if they want someone else to invest in their business, as when they apply for a loan.  Even if the the owner of a small shop knows his or her markets and the competition enough to run day-to-day operations, that owner may sometime need to convince someone else--like a bank's loan officer or a venture capitalist--just how good the business opportunity is.  Census figures on the market might just win the day.

## Sector contribution to GDP

*Economic Census Coverage*

**Notes:**
The Economic Census covers most, but not quite all, economic activity.  The Census Bureau conducts a separate Census of Governments and the U.S. Department of Agriculture conducts a separate Census of Agriculture.  Taken together, these censuses cover about 98 percent of economic activity.

The 1997 Economic Census, per se, covers only the nonfarm, private economy, about 85% of the pie.  

The biggest 3 wedges in the pie are manufacturing, service industries, and finance, insurance, and real estate or FIRE.  

## Economic Census Coverage

***Economic Census Coverage***

**Notes:**
The Economic Census covers most, but not quite all, economic activity.  The Census Bureau conducts a separate Census of Governments and the U.S. Department of Agriculture conducts a separate Census of Agriculture.  Taken together, these censuses cover about 98 percent of economic activity.

The 1997 Economic Census, per se, covers only the nonfarm, private economy, about 85% of the pie.  

The biggest 3 wedges in the pie are manufacturing, service industries, and finance, insurance, and real estate or FIRE.  

## Increasing Census Coverage

**Notes:**
Parts of the Economic Census date back to 1810, although the Economic Census didn’t really take its current form until 1954.  Note, in particular, that coverage of most of Transportation, Communications, and Utilities and Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate began only in 1992.  So time series for some parts of the economy may be relatively short.

## Economic Census  Data Collection

***Economic Census  ******Data Collection***

**Notes:**
We collected most of the data in the Census by mail: for the 2002 Economic Census we sent forms to 5 million companies in December 2002.  We waited until year-end so companies could report all of their activity during the calendar year. ...and data collection activities continued through most of 2003.  Many companies took advantage of the opportunity to report electronically.

We used more than 600 variations on the census form, so that each business could respond in terms meaningful to its own industry.

Most businesses in the U.S. are actually very small –- nearly 3/4 are self employed, yet they account for only about 3% of economic activity.   Rather than send out 16 million more forms, we substituted information from the administrative records of other federal agencies. 

## Industry Classif- ication

**Notes:**
In this segment, we talk about how economic census data are organized.

## Economic Census Table

*Economic Census Table*

**Data classified by industry**

**Notes:**
When we present data from the Economic Census, we classify the data by industry or kind-of-business, as illustrated by various types of motor vehicle dealers shown in the sample table.

## Standard Industrial Classification System

** ****Developed in 1930's**** **
** ****Updated every 10-15 years**** **
**Dominated by manufacturing**

**SIC**

**Notes:**
The Government’s official system for classifying industries since the 1930's was the Standard Industrial Classification (or SIC) system.
But the SIC system reflected an economy dominated by manufacturing, not the service economy into which we have evolved.	

## NAICS

***North***
***American***
***Industry***
***Classification***
***System***

**Notes:**
America needed a better classification system, and now it has one.

## NAICS

*NAICS*

**North **
**American**
**Industry **
**Classification **
**System**

**Notes:**
The new North American Industry Classification System replaced the old Standard Industrial Classification (or SIC) system as of 1997.  NAICS (which rhymes with "snakes") was defined as a joint project of the U.S., Canada and Mexico.

## New Numbering System

***Example***

***     ******Description***

***Code***

***Level***

**Information**

**51**

**Sector**

**Broadcasting (except Internet)**

**515**

**Subsector**

**Radio and Television Broadcasting**

**5151**

**Industry Group**

**Radio Broadcasting**

**51511**

**Industry**

**Radio Stations**

**515112**

**U.S. Industry**

**Notes:**
NAICS also introduced a new numbering system.

The new NAICS codes have 6 digits to replace the 4-digit SIC system.

Here is an actual example of the NAICS hierarchy.

Within the Information Sector, 51, there is 
a 3-digit subsector for Broadcasting other than the Internet,
a 4-digit industry group for Radio and Television Broadcasting, and 
a 5-digit industry for Radio Broadcasting.
Only the U.S. further defines a 6-digit industry for Radio Stations

Many users had hoped that going from a 4-digit SIC to a 6-digit NAICS code would mean orders of magnitude more detail.  In fact, the number of classifications has gone up only about 15 percent.

The greatest significance is that the NAICS identifies important new industries and important new groupings.

## NAICS Sectors

***11        Agriculture, Forestry,******              Fishing, and Hunting ******21        Mining ******22        Utilities ******23        Construction ******31-33   Manufacturing ******42        Wholesale Trade ******44-45   Retail Trade ******48-49  Transportation and******              Warehousing ******51        Information ******52        Finance and Insurance ******53        Real Estate and Rental******              and Leasing ***

***54   Professional, Scientific and Technical******       Services ***
***Management of Companies and******       Enterprises***
***56   Administrative and Support and ******       Waste Management and***
***              ******Remediation Services***
***61       Educational Services ***
***62       Health Care and Social Assistance ***
***    ******Arts, Entertainment and ***
***               ******Recreation ***
***    ******Accommodation and ***
***               ******Food Services ***
***    ******Other Services (except ***
***              ******Public Administration) ***
***92       Public Administration ***

**Notes:**
At the same time, the way that industries are grouped into major economic sectors also changed.
   The SIC had 10 divisions, NAICS has 20.

## New Sectors

***SIC Division***

***NAICS Sector***

***Transportation, ***

***Communications, ***

***and Utilities***

***Utilities***

***Transportation and Warehousing***

***Finance, ***

***Insurance, ***

***Real Estate***

***Finance and Insurance***

***Real Estate and Rental and Leasing***

***Retail Trade***

***Retail Trade***

***Accommodations and Food Services ***

***Service ***

***Industries***

***Professional, Scientific, and Technical Svc***

***Administrative & Support and***

***   ******Waste Management & Remediation Svcs***

***Educational Services***

***Health Care and Social Assistance***

***Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation ***

***Information***

**Notes:**
This slide shows how new sectors were broken out from the familiar divisions of the SIC.
   There are new sectors, like Utilities, and Transportation and Warehousing, that are broken out from old broader categories.
   Most dramatic were the new differentiations within service industries–6 new sectors

## New Sectors

***SIC Division***

***NAICS Sector***

***Transportation, ***

***Communications, ***

***and Utilities***

***Utilities***

***Transportation and Warehousing***

***Finance, ***

***Insurance, ***

***Real Estate***

***Finance and Insurance***

***Real Estate and ******Rental and Leasing***

***Retail Trade***

***Retail Trade***

***Accommodations****** and ******Food Services****** ***

***Service ***

***Industries***

***Professional, Scientific, and Technical Svc***

***Administrative & Support and***

***   ******Waste Management & Remediation Svcs***

***Educational Services***

***Health Care and Social Assistance***

***Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation ***

***Information***

**Notes:**
Yet that straightforward chart is really an oversimplification
   In fact, major chunks of service industries are also going into the new Accommodation and Food Services sector and the Real Estate and Rental and Leasing sector.
   And the new Information sector shown at the bottom of the screen is really getting its largest component–communications–from the old transportation, communications, and utilities division of the SIC.

## Accommodation and Food Services 

***Created from***

**Service Industries**
**	****Hotels and other lodging**
**Retail Trade**
**	****Eating and drinking places**

**Notes:**
Let’s look at an example.
 The new accommodation and food services sector was created by marrying the hotel and lodging industries, from the old services sector, with eating and drinking places from retail trade.
   Retail trade is, of course, a very familiar concept.  In 1992, Eating and drinking places made up about 10 percent of retail sales and fully one third of retail employment.  In NAICS, that large chunk was removed from retail trade.

## Retail vs Wholesale

**Wholesale Trade**
**Sells to business**
**Office or warehouse**
**Advertise to trade**
**Display little or no  **
**  ****merchandise**

**Retail Trade**
**In SIC**
**Sells to consumers**
**In NAICS**
**Location attracts public**
**Advertise to public**
**Display merchandise**

**Notes:**
 But there is more.
   The distinction between retail and wholesale trade used to be in terms of who the customer was.  Under SIC, retailers were those who sold to consumers, and wholesalers sold to businesses and institutions.  Then along came a variety of computer stores and office supply stores and building material stores that sold to both businesses and individuals.
   In NAICS, a retailer is characterized more by the way it does business–with a storefront, advertising to the public, and display of merchandise–than who its customer is.
   The net effect of these changes is to subtract some activity from wholesale trade and add it to retail trade.

## Two Views of 1997 Retail Trade

**Notes:**
Looking at 1997 retail sales as classified by SIC and NAICS, they don’t look all that much different.
The inflow of wholesalers into retail trade appears to have offset much of the loss of restaurants to the new accommodations and foodservices sector.
At least that is the way it looks in terms of sales.

## Two Views of 1997 Retail Trade

**Notes:**
But the picture is much different in employment.  
Restaurants tend to have lots of employees relative to their sales.
The formerly wholesale establishments that came in to retail have much fewer.
In terms of employment, retail trade under SIC and NAICS look quite different.

## Establishment

**A store, warehouse, factory, etc. at a single physical location**

**Notes:**
 Before we go further, lets make sure we understand just what it is that is being classified by industry. 

A business establishment is a store, warehouse or factory operating at a specific physical location.

## Company

**One or more establishments under ****common ownership or control**

**Notes:**
That is not the same thing as a company.
   A company consists of one or more establishments under common ownership or control.  We require each company to give us separate data for each of their establishments, because frequently the different establishments do different things, and typically the different establishments are located in different geographic areas.  
   So it is each establishment that gets a NAICS code, not the company as a whole.
   And it is the number of establishments, not the number of companies, that is featured in most census statistics.

## NAICS Manual

**Definition for each industry**** **
**Alphabetic index**** **
**Correspondence tables**** **

**2002 Edition**
**NAICS02 to NAICS97**
**NAICS97 to NAICS02**

**1997 Edition**
**NAICS97 to SIC**
**SIC to NAICS97**

**In print**
**On CD**
**At www.census.gov**

**Notes:**
There are many resources to help you make the shift from SIC to NAICS.
The definitive resource is the NAICS Manual, available in print, on CD, and at our web site.
Notice at the bottom that there are separate 1997 and 2002 editions of the NAICS manual.  I will return to that in a moment.

   The manual includes definitions for each industry, an alphabetic index, and, in the 1997 edition, detailed tables illustrating the correspondence between NAICS and SIC, and vice versa.

## Slide 37

**Notes:**
Here you can see the publishing industries within NAICS
   Newspaper publishing (NAICS 51111) is, one-for-one, the same as SIC 2711, and the table includes an E code to tell you that this is simply an existing industry.
   Periodical and book publishers have a code R to tell you these industries have been revised from their SIC counterparts
   Database and Directory publishers (NAICS 51114) have a code N for a new industry, without a real counterpart in SIC.
  Let’s hone in on Greeting Card Publishers (NAICS 511191) shown at the bottom.  That corresponds to only part of  SIC 2771.  What else was in 2771 that is left out of NAICS 511191?

## NAICS to SIC  -  SIC to NAICS

**Notes:**
The web site allows you to look at correspondence from both the NAICS and SIC perspective.
   In this consolidated presentation, one can click on the SIC code, and that brings up the SIC to NAICS correspondence table at the bottom.  There we can see what happened to the other part of SIC 2771.  The SIC was broken into 5 industries representing different printing technologies, and a sixth for publishing, that is, content development and marketing.

## Slide 39

**Notes:**
By clicking on the NAICS code instead of the SIC code, you can get to narrative definitions of each NAICS category, as well as to listings of the index entries that might bring you to this category.

The correspondence tables are very useful, but when an industry is split or made up of parts of other industries, they don’t tell you how important each component is.  This table tells you that one component of the new Book Publishers NAICS code is technical manuals and books, which used to be part of SIC 2741.  This table doesn’t tell you how important technical manuals are relative to other parts of the book publishing industry—coming from  SIC 2731.

We can get that information from the Bridge Between NAICS and SIC, linked right here.

<<click on “Bridge between NAICS and SIC”>>

## Bridge between NAICS and SIC

**Notes:**
The “Bridge” report is a very important publication issued as part of the 1997 Economic Census.  It gives national statistics defining for us just how much of each SIC category went to each NAICS–and vice versa–thereby defining comparability issues much more thoroughly than any other source.

The answer to our question about Book Publishers is that the 1997 Economic Census didn’t even find any establishments primarily engaged in publishing technical manuals to the exclusion of all else, so movement of that category had no practical effect.

The symbols here are a take-off on the bridge metaphor.  Those categories completely comparable between SIC and NAICS are shown with a full bridge with superstructure.  Those not comparable are shown by a drawbridge wide open.  Those almost comparable, like book publishers, are shown with a drawbridge nearly closed.  We used that symbol if SIC-based data could get us within 3% of the NAICS sales or revenue.

## Assembling Time Series

- SIC      1987  1992   (1997)
- NAICS                      1997  2002  2007

**Notes:**
Data prior to 1997 were published based on SIC.  All data for 2002 and future years will be based on NAICS.  Only for 1997 do we have some overlap between the two systems.  Most 1997 data were published by NAICS, but selected national and state data were also published by SIC to facilitate the transition.

NAICS gives us a better foundation for analysis of trends in the future.  But in many respects there is a disconnect.  Some series simply will not be able to bridge the gap between the two systems.

## Changes for NAICS 2002

| Sector | Type of change | New industries |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Construction | Major changes | Residential remodelers |
| Wholesale Trade | Separated Agents and Brokers—affects all industries | Wholesale electronic markets |
| Retail Trade | Subdivided 2 industries | Discount dep’t stores
Electronic shopping
Electronic auctions |
| Information | Renumbering
Moved Internet | Internet publishing and broadcasting |

**Notes:**
The old SIC system was updated every 10 to 15 years.  That proved to be too infrequent.  NAICS will be reviewed every 5 years.

There are already changes implemented for 2002.  
Industries have been largely redefined within Construction and Wholesale Trade.  Still, none of the boundaries between sectors were affected, so we have nothing like the upheaval users dealt with for 1997.  
Changes in retail trade and information are comparatively minor, with little or no impact on historical comparability-----------------------------------long form alternate to above 2 bullets-----------------------------
Unlike the changes from SIC to NAICS in 1997, the changes from 1997 to 2002 are limited in scope, leaving the boundaries among sectors where they were, and substantially affecting only two sectors:  construction and wholesale trade.
Construction was substantially reorganized.  The new residential remodelers industries was previously a small  part of two different industries.
The structure of wholesale trade was not changed much, except that one piece, agents and brokers, was taken out of every other industry.  That reduced all other industries up to half, but averaging about 10 percent in terms of sales. 
Compared to that, the impact to comparability of data in retail trade and information is very minor.
1) In retail trade
a> Discount department stores have been broken out from other department stores (but census tabulations for 1997 anticipated that change)
b> Electronic shopping and electronic auctions have been separated from mail order houses.
2) In Information
a> Internet publishing and broadcasting was broken out from 7 other information industries, but those numbers would not have been particularly large in 1997.
b> The most obvious change is the renumbering of industries
 still comparable to recognize broadcasting and telecommunications as separate subsectors.
Whenever we publish what we call "comparative statistics“ you will find data classified on the old basis to match the earlier data.

## Slide 43

**Notes:**
The place where you find all of the answers is the NAICS website.

In the upper left corner of the page is the link to the NAICS to SIC and SIC to NAICS tables we illustrated earlier.  Just below that is a NAICS search box where you can type in a word and get a list of all of the related industries.

Let’s imagine that we have typed “software” in and clicked NAICS Search.

## Slide 44

**Notes:**
Here is a list of related industries, including Software Publishers, NAICS 511210.  Let’s click on that code 511210.

## Slide 45

**Notes:**
This brings us to the formal paragraph-style definition of software publishers, coupled with cross-references to related industries and a list of all of the index entries that could have brought us to this industry—sort of an operational definition.

This page also lets us link directly to correspondence tables, to the 1997 bridge tables, and to a sampler of economic census data for this industry from the 1997 Economic Census.

## Slide 46

**Notes:**
Backing up to the list of entries we saw a moment ago, note that there are actually two code columns, one for 2002 and one for 1997.  The code for software wholesaling changed so you see two separate codes in the next to the last entry.  You can click on the two codes to see how the definition changed.

## Slide 47

**Notes:**
The NAICS web page is frequently updated.  Concordances for 2002, and between NAICS and some international classification systems, have been added.  There is even information about changes contemplated for 2007.

For those of you concerned with the statistics of other agencies, there are annotations of when some of the data series of the Bureau of Economic Analysis and the Bureau of Labor Statistics will complete their conversion to NAICS.

## Economic Census Products

**Notes:**
Mick:  That brings us back to the Economic Census, and in particular, how Economic Census data get into your hands through a set of data products.  For that, I give you to my colleague, Paul Zeisset.

## www.census.gov

*www.census.gov*

**Notes:**
So lets see what the latest Economic Census can tell us.

The Census home page gives us a link straight to the Economic Census.

<<click on Economic Census>>

## Slide 50

**Notes:**
The primary Economic Census page features both 2002 and 1997 economic census data, because, to this point, we have published only a fraction of the 1600 report coming from the 2002 census.  

The page features the Advance report issued last March and links directly to its two tables.	
<<click on Table 1>>

## Slide 51

**Notes:**
The advance report covers the main economic census universe—establishments with paid employees.  What that scope leaves out we call “nonemployers”, and we have also issued an advance report on that universe too.

<<point to advance report tables>>

## Nonemployer Statistics

**Businesses w/o paid employees account for**
**70% of all businesses**
** ****3.5% of all sales**
**Excluded from other census reports**
**U.S., State, county & metro data **
**Updated annually**

**Notes:**
Most nonemployers are what we think of as self-employed persons.
In terms of sales, they account for only about 3.5% of total sales by employers and nonemployers combined.
But if you are counting numbers of companies, around 70% are nonemployers.
The advance report, issued in May, gave national results
Nonemployer data have now been published for states, counties and metro areas, well ahead of other economic census data.
Since the data come from tax returns rather than questionnaires, we get fresh data each year.

## Nonemployers grew faster than employers in many service-related industries (1997 to 2002)
More than 10% of receipts in some sectors
Economy-wide 3.5% of receipts

- More than 10% of receipts in some sectors
- Economy-wide 3.5% of receipts

* **Advance **Nonemployer Statistics*

**Notes:**
The Advance Nonemployer Statistics reveals that in many service-related industries, nonemployers grew faster than their counterparts with paid employees.

In the real estate and rental and leasing sector, nonemployers account for nearly a third of all receipts, and there are a few other sectors where nonemployers represent more than 10 percent.

Still across the whole economy, their contribution is less than 4 percent on average.

## Timetable

**Notes:**
There is a separate link to an overall schedule of 2002 reports.

<<click on link at bottom>>

## Slide 55

**Notes:**
This page is part of the Guide to the Economic Census.

It shows reports being issued across more than a 2-year period, from the first quarter of this year to the 2nd quarter of 2006.

We’ve talked about the Advance report and Nonemployer Statistcs.  The industry series is our first look at really detailed numbers.

## Industry Series

**Goods-producing ****Construction, Mining, Manufacturing**
**Separate reports for each **
**   ****6-digit industry**
**Incl. products and materials **
**National, limited state data**

**Service-producing**
**Sectors 22, 42 to 81**

**         ****New for 2002**
**Reports for groups**
**    ****of industries**
**Includes products**
**National data only**

**Notes:**
In past censuses we have issued industry series reports only for goods-producing sectors:  mining, construction, and manufacturing.
There is nothing particularly new here.
a> There is a separate report for each 6-digit industry, and
b> Each report includes a limited amount of state data
What is new for 2002 are industry series reports for all of the other industries, in what we will refer to as service-producing sectors.
1) Here, each report covers a group of related industries, but
2) the data are limited to the national level only.

## Slide 57

**Notes:**
We have issued __over 600__ of the 651 industry series reports to date.
The rest are coming out later this month.
Let’s look at a detailed "Schedule“

<<click on “Other reports issued...”>

## Slide 58

**Notes:**
This schedule can be accessed in three different ways, as shown by the links on the light blue band.
The first section provides actual links to each of the reports issued in chronological order, most recent first.
The second section lists those reports coming soon, or in the next few weeks.    
The body of this particular page accesses a complete list of reports, organized by sector
We pick Retail Trade

<<click on the icon next to sector 44-45>>  

## Slide 59

**Notes:**
This shows the 21 industry series reports within Retail Trade.  It shows the release date for the reports currently available, and projects the timing of the remainder in terms of overlapping 2-month intervals.

Note that there are two columns of links to pdfs.  That is because there are two versions for each PDF, as explained in the link in the heading:  
One for the full report, 
A second for just the tables, since most of the explanatory material repeats for each report.

Let’s look at the report for NAICS 445, Food and Beverage Stores

## Slide 60

**Notes:**
Table 1 shows a conventional display of the data 

## Slide 61

**Notes:**

Table 2 adds 1997 data for comparison

## Slide 62

**Notes:**

Table 3 gives data by product line
       a) I picked out convenience stores to illustrate
       b) Convenience stores sold $20.9 billion dollars in goods during 2002, of which $9.4 billion were groceries.  The next to the last column shows that that $9.4 billion is 45% of total sales of convenience stores.
       c)  Other major categories include 10.2% for meals for immediate consumption
	...another 10.2% for packaged liquor, wine and beer
 	...and a whopping 24.8% for cigarettes and other tobacco products

d) These product data are the kind of statistics that you used to have to wait another year for, in merchandise line sales reports.  Indeed that later report will supersede this one and give more detail, but the national highlights are available now.

## Slide 63

**Notes:**
Table 4 shows concentration in the largest companies
       a) Among urban transit systems, 48 percent of revenues came from the 4 largest firms nationwide, and 83 percent came from the largest 50 firms.  That industry is pretty concentrated
       b) Intercity bus lines are more concentrated--the 50 company concentration is nearly 95%
       c) Among taxi services, with much less concentration, that figures is about 50 percent.

## Slide 64

**Notes:**
Another type of report now available is from the Economic Census of Island Areas under U.S. jurisdiction, and it covers the Northern Mariana Islands.
Note that Island Area reports have little book symbols.  These reports are issued in print as well as in PDF and other machine-readable media.  
As you can see, very few report series are issued in print.

## Slide 65

## Slide 66

## Slide 67

## Economic Census Geography

*Economic Census Geography*

- U.S.
-  States
-  MSA's
-  Counties
-  Places of 2,500+ Inhabitants
-  ZIP Codes

**Notes:**
The detail many users are waiting for is the distribution of the statistics by state, metro area, county and city.

## Geographic Area Series

**State, MA, county, places**
**except construction, mining, management (state only)**
**except utilities, transportation, finance (state & MA)**** **
**Separate reports for each sector**** **
**Reports issued state by state in pdf**
**Reports merged on CD-ROM & Internet**

**Notes:**
The Geographic Area Series will start with a handful of reports in December, but won’t be complete until the third quarter of 2005.
As initially issued in pdf, there will be separate reports for each sector and state.  
Fortunately, when issued in electronic form on CD-ROM and other forms on the Internet, the data are merged across all available industries and areas.

The level of detail is, though, not the same for all sectors

## Slide 70

**Notes:**
Due to budget limitations, mining and construction are published only to the state levels.  Management of companies and enterprises is similarly limited in geographic detail.
Utilities, transportation and warehousing, and finance and insurance publish data for the U.S., states, and metro areas, but not counties and cities.

## Likely Sequence of States

**Notes:**
For most sectors, publication of Geographic Area Series reports takes place over an 8 or 9 month time span, starting in December 2004 or early 2005. This slide shows that the first states to come out for any particular sector are likely to be Colorado, New Mexico, Montana, and Hawaii, followed by other mountain states, the Pacific Northwest, and New England.  

At the same time, several sectors will publish all of their state reports at one time next summer.   Thus, the bottom line is that, in order to study all sectors for a particular state, you will probably have to wait until September 2005.

## Comparative Statistics

***Economy-wide***
***For 1997, shows SICs by State ***
***For 2002, will show NAICS97 by State***
***No substate geography***

**Notes:**
Mid 2005 is also the target for the issuance of Comparative Statistics.

The Comparative Statistics report for 1997 was the one report that tied back to the old SIC system.  
The Comparative Statistics report for 2002 will no longer tie back to SIC, but rather to the 1997 NAICS.

	It gave 1997 and 1992 data on a comparable SIC basis for the U.S. and for states.
	Note that there are no comparable, SIC-based data for metro areas, counties, or cities. You have to make do with State level data.

## Bridge between NAICS and SIC

**1997:  Shows SIC parts within NAICS & v.v.**
**2002:  Bridge between NAICS 02 and NAICS 97**
**National data**
**Basis for converting other data**

**Notes:**
We have already talked about the Bridge Between NAICS and SIC, published only at the national level for 1997.
There will be a 2002 counterpart, but it will bridge between the 2002 version of NAICS and the 1997 version, in those limited areas where they are different.

## Subject Reports

***Separate reports for each sector***
***In service-producing sectors***
***Product lines***
***state data for many industries***
***MA data for retail, accommodations only***
***Establishment and firm size***
***Miscellaneous subjects***
***limited state data***

**Notes:**
Subject reports generally explore specialized topics at the national level.
   But, there is one series with substantial data for states and metro areas:
SHORT:  In an earlier slide, we viewed the kinds of merchandise lines that are sold by convenience stores.  These Product Lines reports revise the numbers published earlier in the Industry Series and consolidates them into reports covering all industries in a sector.  For some sectors there is also a complementary view that traces broad product lines across all industries and answers questions like what kinds of stores sell the most tobacco products.
LONG:
Product Lines breaks down the sales of each type of retail and accommodations business by 40-some broad retail merchandise lines, such as men’s and boy’s clothing, major household appliances or hardware.
From one table you can learn, for example, what merchandise lines are sold by hardware stores; and from another table, what kinds of stores sell hardware.
If you’re in the business of selling hardware to retailers, you will find that almost two-thirds of your potential market is not hardware stores but stores like lumber yards and department stores.
For three sectors, there is geographic detail for states and metro areas on AFF and CD-ROM while the PDFs are limited to national data.

## E-Commerce Statistics

**New for 2002**
**Economy-wide, 3-digit NAICS**
**Includes sales via Internet and other**
**U.S., state data**

**Notes:**
New for 2002 is a report on sales over the Internet and other electronic networks.  While we have been taking surveys of e-commerce activities since 1999, this will be the first source of information covering all industries and publishing data for states.

## ZIP Code Statistics

**Primarily establishment counts by size**
**Not in print or PDF**

**Notes:**
ZIP Code statistics include establishment counts by industry by size.

These data are the only indicators of the geographic distribution of business within large cities, since the economic census includes no data for census tracts or the other small areas pubished in the population census.

These data appear as databases only, on CD-ROM and on the Internet, not as PDF reports, and they are among the last products of the 2002 census.

## ZIP Code Statistics

**Scope:**
**Selected sectors only**

**Notes:**
ZIP Code statistics are published for
* Manufacturing
* retail trade, 
* and for various service industries.

## Other Reports

**Censuses of Island Areas**
**Business Expenses**
**Survey of Business Owners**

**Notes:**
 The Census of Island Areas we referred to earlier

The Business Expenses Survey produces a report covering most industries, but only at the national level.

The most popular of this group of reports is the Survey of Business Owners, due to be published in 2006.

##   Women 

**  ****Women **
**  ****Black**
**	****Hispanic**
**	****American Indians and Alaska Natives**
**	****Asians and Pacific Islanders**
**	****Minority Summary**
**	****Company Summary**

***Survey of Business Owners***

- Formerly the surveys of
- Minority- and Women-Owned
- Business Enterprises

**Notes:**
That is the new title for what was previously known as the Survey of Minority-Owned Business Enterprises and the Survey of Women-Owned Business Enterprises.

These reports show the total number of businesses owned by Blacks, Hispanics, and Asian-Americans and American Indians, along with overall totals for all businesses and for businesses owned by women.   Separate reports are issued for each of the categories shown on the slide.

## Slide 80

## Slide 81

## Slide 82

## Slide 83

## 2002 Advance SBO vs 1997 SMOBEnot comparable

|  |  | Owners
2002 | Firms
1997 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Universe |  | 100.0 | 100.0 |
| Minorities, total |  | 11.7 | 11.6 |
|   Black |  | 1.6 | 1.8 |
|   Hispanic |  | 3.9 | 4.0 |
|   Am. Indian & A.N. |  | 0.5 | 0.6 |
|   Asian |  | 5.9 | 5.4 |
|   Hawaiian & P.I. |  | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| Women |  | 26.5 | 16.0 |

## Finals will includes Nonemployers

**“****All Firms” includes employers and nonemployers**

**Most census figures limited to “Firms with paid employees”**

**Notes:**
These reports include two sets of data columns.  
The four columns on the right are for firms with paid employees, the same ones covered in most Economic Census reports.  
But the columns in the middle, and the ones most frequently cited, are for all firms, including nonemployers as well as employers.  This is in recognition of the fact that the largest numbers of minority- and women-owned businesses are really self-employed individuals.

## 2002 SBO Report Schedule

## Ownership data exclude “publicly held, foreign owned, or nonprofit”

**Notes:**
Now these excluded companies have a rather high impact on the economy, accounting for over half of all receipts.  But you really wouldn’t want to include General Motors among women-owned businesses even if a majority of its stock were held by females at any one moment.  And you wouldn’t want to count Toyota in your tallies of Asian-owned firms.  In reality it is this group [solid turquoise bar] of corporations that are being added to the universe of minority- and women-owned firms.

## What’s New for 2002

***	******	***
**New name:  ****Survey of Business Owners**
**Race counts will include multi-race**
**Classification by NAICS**
**New owner characteristics: **
**age, education, hours worked, disability**
**New business characteristics:**** **
**home-based, family-owned, franchising, year started, financing **

***What’s New for 2002***

**Notes:**
In addition to the new name there are other important things new with the Survey of Business Owners for 2002.
Comparability of 1997 and 2002 data will be affected by the fact that
Respondents were allowed to identify themselves with one or more race group, and they will be counted in the tallies of each race group they identify, likely raising some counts.
1997 data were classified by SIC, 2002 will be by NAICS
Of special interest even to those not concerned with minorities are the new characteristics on the form, to be published at the U.S. and state levels:
Owner characteristics like age, education, veterans status, hours worked, and disability, and
Business characteristics, like home-based or family-owned businesses, franchising, age of the business, and sources of financing

## Slide 89

**Notes:**
We’ve talked about a lot of features of the Economic Census that are new for 2002.
So what else is there?

## Slide 90

**Notes:**
We have a detailed page addressing this subject, part of the Guide to the Economic Census.

## What’s New for 2002?

- NAICS
- New industries
- Fewer out-of-scope industries
- Industry Series for service sectors
- E-Commerce
- Expanded Survey of Business Owners
- American Factfinder & CD-ROM features converge
- Micropolitan Statistical Areas

**Notes:**
a) Actually, the most important point is what isn't new.  Most of the statistics will look just like their 1997 counterparts, and that should be a relief for those who agonized through the transition from SIC to NAICS last time.
b) We spoke of the changes to NAICS classification within 4 sectors.
c) In addition, four industries previously associated with the agricultural services under SIC, and therefore out of scope of the economic census, are now added to reflect their relocation within the NAICS structure
          1) landscape architecture
          2) landscaping services
          3) veterinary services
          4) and pet care
d) We also talked about the industry series reports, E-Commerce, and the Survey of Business Owners.
e) We haven’t yet talked about the change to the definitions of many Metropolitan Areas, and the addition of a new class of areas, called Micropolitan Areas....

## 1997

**Notes:**

In order to explain micropolitan areas, let’s first look at metropolitan areas as defined for the 1997 Economic Census, shown here in light green for Pennsylvania, and in the next slide in dark green.  

## 2002

**Notes:**
As a result of Census 2000 and the new criteria implemented by OMB in 2003, the Farmington metro area wa created and Torrance County was added to the Albuquerque MSA.  Meanwhile the Santa Fe MSA lost Los Alimos county.

The big change in the map was that over half of the remaining counties became part of a micropolitan statistical area (shown in light green).

Micro areas are defined with the same kind of criteria as metro areas, but they have a smaller core population, as little as 10,000, in contrast to the 50,000 cutoff for the core of metropolitan areas.

Micropolitan areas will be included everywhere we publish data for metropolitan areas, and that means that there will be data for more areas in certain sectors that previously had data only down to the metropolitan area level:  utilities, transportation and warehousing, and finance and insurance.

## Slide 94

## Slide 95

**Notes:**
So where would you find these maps?

In the Guide to the Economic Census, there is a link for “Geography”, and from there you can go to “Maps”.

## Slide 96

**Notes:**
And there you will find maps for each state, county and metro area, providing much more detail than we have ever before offered in connection with the Economic Census.

## Slide 97

## TheEconomic Census:Accessing the Data

## Media

**Conventional**
**Printed reports (only a few)**
**PDFs on the Internet**
**“****Print-on-Demand” reports**** **
**Databases**
**On CD-ROM (1997) or DVD-ROM (2002)**
**On Internet--via American Factfinder**** **
**Drill-down tables on the Internet**** **

**Notes:**
By now you are well aware that there are only a few printed reports issued from the Economic Census.
But most data series are still available in page-formatted form, in PDF files on the Internet.  
      It may be that you still long for good-old tables in print. Adobe Acrobat allows you to print out single pages or whole reports, and the result coming out of your printer will look just about as good as the printed reports you used to buy from the Government Printing Office.

Now, let’s talk about the data available on CD-ROM and as database on American FactFinder, or in other forms on the Internet.

## American FactFinder and CD-ROM

***Free***
***No waiting for a new disc***
***No installation***
***Works with UNIX and******   Mac, not just Windows***

**No internet hookup**
**Faster retrieval **
**Extra functionality**
**More export formats **
**  ****flat ASCII, dbf, 123**
**No limits on exports**
**Includes 97 SIC data**
**Includes 97 ZIP data**

**AFF Advantages         CD / DVD Advantages**

**Notes:**
Users who want Economic Census data in a form they can manipulate have two main choices.  They can get the data on-line with the American FactFinder system, or they can buy the data on CD-ROM or DVD-ROM.
With all of these data free on the Internet, why would you want the data on CD or DVD?  After all, with 
American Factfinder
	There is no delay waiting for the next quarterly disc to come out, and no delay waiting for the shipment to arrive once you place your order.]
	FactFinder is free (The most popular DVD-ROM subscription costs $300 for 2002.)
	No installation
	Works with UNIX and Mac, not just Windows

But the 1997 CD-ROMs or the 2002 DVD-ROMs still have a number of advantages
	No internet hookup (handy if you are using a laptop)
	Faster retrieval, particularly important if you are working with large quantities of data.
	Some extra functionality, such as more types of preformatted reports, and a more flexible search system.
	More export formats including ‘flat’ ASCII, dbf, 123
There is no limitation on the size of the export (FactFinder limits most reports to 15,000 lines)
Finally, FactFinder did not include some of the databases issued for 1997.  For 2002, that difference will disappear.

## www.census.gov

*www.census.gov*

**Notes:**
I will illustrate FactFinder in a few minutes.

But first, let’s look at the easiest way to get to the data.
On the census home page, click on “Economic Census” right next to the big “Business” heading.

## Slide 102

**Notes:**
This time, we will focus on the 1997 data on the Economic Census page, on the right side in the light blue bar.  
Under Data for all sectors, let’s select 1997 data by NAICS.

## Slide 103

**Notes:**
In one click we have national data.

Let’s imagine that we are about to deliver a speech in Biloxi, Mississippi, so we need a crash course in the structure of the economy there.

<<click on the down arrow next to Select a metro area>>

## Slide 104

**Notes:**
And in another couple of clicks, we can select the Biloxi-Gulfport-Pascagoula metropolitan area, and click on GO.

## Slide 105

## Slide 106

## Slide 107

**Notes:**
On this special page comparing nonemployers and employers we can find this area's used car dealers,
■  and in the righthand columns we can see again that the 44 employers had 34 million in sales.
■  The dark shaded columns show the nonemployers not included in that figure:  145 dealers with 17 million in sales.  The fact that nonemployers had sales half as large as the employers, making up about a third of the total, shows how important nonemployers are in the used car industry.
■  Looking at all retail trade, nonemployers account for 76 million out of the 2.9 billion total for all taxable firms, or less than 3 percent.
Now we go back to the more detailed data for employers.

## Slide 108

## Slide 109

**Notes:**
We can see that the sectors with the highest receipts, payroll, and employment are Manufacturing and Retail Trade.  For more detail, can drill down into any sector.  Let's take a closer look at Retail Trade. 
<<Click on down arrow next to 44-45 Retail Trade>>

## Slide 110

**Notes:**
The county maps even show the boundaries of place identified in the 2002 Economic Census.

## Slide 111

**Notes:**
We can see that the sectors with the highest receipts, payroll, and employment are Manufacturing and Retail Trade.  For more detail, can drill down into any sector.  Let's take a closer look at Retail Trade. 
<<Click on down arrow next to 44-45 Retail Trade>>

## Slide 112

**Notes:**
<<Click on down arrow next to 44-45 Retail Trade>>
This page gives us the 12 subsectors within Retail Trade, and let's us drill down to individual industries.  Let's look at Motor vehicle dealers.
<<Click on down arrow next to 441>>

## Slide 113

**Notes:**
Here we have it:  New car dealers, used car dealers, RV dealers, Motor cycle dealers.
■  We see that there were 44 used car dealers with 34 million in sales.  Note that I said 34 million, not 34 thousand, because the whole column of sales figures is already expressed in thousands.
■  Now, if we look at the fine print at the top to the table, we see that this table includes only establishments that have paid employees.  Nonemployers are shown separately, but fortunately, they are only a click away.
<<click on Nonemployers>>

## Slide 114

**Notes:**
Let's say we want to actually work out these figures.  At the bottom of most of these pages is a link to data in a format for downloading.  This particular one would take us to the American FactFinder system, which, unlike these simple static pages, is a sophisticated database system with data selection and specific download options.

We will get to that in a moment.

## Slide 115

## Slide 116

## Slide 117

## Slide 118

## Slide 119

## Slide 120

**Notes:**
But if the data you want to download is on the page you are looking at, there may be a simpler solution.  Here, I have returned to the broadest summary of data for this area.  We are going to save this page as a web page to our own computer.
       <<click on "File">>

## Slide 121

**Notes:**
We use our browser's "File...Save As" feature...

## Slide 122

**Notes:**
..to save this page to our own computer, leaving it in html format.

Now we open our spreadsheet software.

## Slide 123

**Notes:**
Excel does a really good job of reading in web pages and letting them look not a lot different from the way they looked on the web.  But now we can make calculations.

## Slide 124

**Notes:**
I have separately imported the same data from the U.S. page, and have copied the Sales and Receipts column from the U.S. page to the spreadsheet with this metro area's data.
I have also added a column showing this metropolitan area as a percent of the U.S.
Manufacturing here represents 15 hundredths of a percent of the national total
Retailing here represents 11 hundredths of a percent of the U.S.
Separately, I calculated that the Biloxi-Gulfport-Pascagoula metro area accounted for 13 hundredths of a percent of the population in 2000.

There is one figure on this page that is really out of line: Taxable Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation accounts for over a full percent of the national total.  The aggregate receipts are not that great--902 million, making it only the fourth largest sector total, well behind manufacturing and retailing--but the share of the US is quite striking.

(So what is the artistic or cultural attraction that is booming in Biloxi?)

## Slide 125

**Notes:**
A similar analysis within the Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation sector shows that the outstanding industry is gambling--specifically Casinos.  This metro area accounts for over 5.5 percent of the national receipts from casinos, not counting casino hotels.

## Slide 126

**Notes:**
Back to the web page...
       One of the frustrations users frequently report is that most Economic Census data do not include totals for all industries.  So let's see what else may be available to us.
       <<click on the Economic Census logo>>

## www.census.gov

*www.census.gov*

**Notes:**
Rather than use that shortcut, I am going to show you how to get to the American FactFinder system right from the Census home page.  In the middle of the left-hand, dark blue column, is a link to American FactFinder.

**Notes:**
Some of you may have already explored the American Factfinder already available on the web.
   There is a single entry point for all subject matter.  
The most efficient way to get to the data is to head straight for the “Data Sets” button
   <<click on Data Sets>>

## Slide 129

**Notes:**
The Economic Census is under the 4th tab.

<<click on Economic Census and Surveys>>

## Slide 130

**Notes:**
Since relatively little of the 2002 data are currently available on FactFinder to this point, let’s look at 1997 data, shown at the bottom of this page, but also reachable through the 1997 link the the top paragraph.

## Slide 131

**Notes:**
The data are accessible via
Quick Reports
A handful of Thematic Maps, and
Detailed Statistics queries

Let’s say that we want to compare sales of used merchandise stores across all counties in New Mexico.  

Used merchandise stores are an industry group in Sector 44:  Retail Trade.

<<click “Retail Trade”>>

## Slide 132

**Notes:**
We click on “Geographic Area Series:  1997”

## Slide 133

**Notes:**
Data are immediately displayed, albeit only for the U.S.  

Since we want to look only at data about restaurants, we want to filter the rows...

<<put your cursor over “Filter Rows”>>

## Slide 134

**Notes:**
And select “by Industry:  1997 NAICS”

## Slide 135

## Slide 136

## Slide 137

## Slide 138

## Slide 139

## Slide 140

## Slide 141

## Slide 142

## Slide 143

## Slide 144

## Slide 145

## Slide 146

## Slide 147

## Slide 148

## Slide 149

## Slide 150

## Slide 151

**Notes:**
This produces a file we can load into our spreadsheet.

## www.census.gov

*www.census.gov*

**Notes:**
There are, however, some 1997 Economic Census data sets not accessible in American FactFinder; something that won’t be a problem for 2002.

Let’s say we want to access minority- and women-owned business data.

Let’s click on “Economic Census”

## Slide 153

**Notes:**
In the list of six datasets featured for the 1997 Economic Census, in the blue column on the right, is the Survey of Minority- and Women-Owned Business Enterprises.
       <<click on Minority- and Women-Owned Businesses>>

## Slide 154

**Notes:**
Once again, the national data come up first, from which we can select a metropolitan area...
       <<click on the down arrow next to "Select metro area">>

## Slide 155

**Notes:**
Specifically "Biloxi-Gulfport-Pascagoula"
       <<click GO>>

## Slide 156

**Notes:**
And the result shows us the distribution of minority-owned business, both employers (in the right four columns) and all businesses including nonemployers.
    The largest minority category in this area, in terms of receipts, is Asian and Pacific Islander-owned businesses.
    What I want you to notice, though, is that this page gives a total across all industries, something not included in the regular Economic Census pages.  The reference year is the same.  The scope of industries in this survey is slightly larger than that of the Economic Census, but these figures still give you total private employment and receipts figures you don't get elsewhere.

## Slide 157

**Notes:**
So let's see what other jewels the Economic Census page has for us.
  “1997 and 1992 data by SIC” catches my eye.
          <<click on 1997 and 1992 data by SIC>>

## Slide 158

**Notes:**
Comparative Statistics are very handy because they allow us to assess growth.
There is more to this than just comparing 1997 publications and 1992 publications, because all 1992 data were classified according to the Standard Industrial Classification or SIC system.  1997 data were published mostly on the new NAICS basis, but for this one publication, 1997 data were reclassified according to the old system so that we could make 1992 to 1997 comparisons.
Unfortunately, there is no metro area menu here.  These data were published only for the U.S. and states.

## Slide 159

**Notes:**
There is another important tool on the Economic Census page I want to draw your attention to.  Under the box outlined in red is the “Industry Statistics Sampler”.  We can type in a key word or NAICS code.  Let’s enter “software” and click NAICS Search.

## Slide 160

**Notes:**
This brings up a list of index entries and the industries associated with each.  
Let’s take a closer look at the data available for Software Publishers by clicking on its NAICS code.
<<click on 511210>>

## Slide 161

**Notes:**
This display starts with a link to the 2002 Industry Series report.  But most of the rest of the page is still devoted to 1997 data.  That includes the applicable NAICS hierarchy, and below that, lists the paragraph-style definition of the industry.  Other features include the applicable part of the Bridge between NAICS and SIC—which shows, in this case, that this NAICS corresponds directly to one SIC code, for complete comparability.
  Lower down on the page are state data.
<<click on States>>

## Slide 162

**Notes:**
Here the states are presented in rank order based on the total sales.

## Slide 163

**Notes:**
Toward the bottom of the same page are links to other data from 1997, in both PDF reports and “drill-down” hypertext tables.
Also shown are links to other Census Bureau programs with data for this industry, sources for more recent data and, in some cases, characteristics beyond the scope of the Economic Census for most industries, like capital expenditures.

## Census Economic Datafor Local Areas

- 5-year intervals
- Economic Census
- Survey of Business Owners
- Annual
- County Business Patterns
- Nonemployer Statistics
- Annual Survey of Manufactures
- Statistics of U.S. Business

## Census Economic Datafor Local Areas

- 5-year intervals
- Economic Census
- Survey of Business Owners
- Census of Governments
- Annual
- County Business Patterns
- Nonemployer Statistics
- Annual Survey of Manufactures
- Statistics of U.S. Business
- Governments: CFFR, Employment, Finance
- Monthly
- Imports and Exports
- Building Permits

## www.census.gov

*www.census.gov*

**Notes:**
There is another way we can look up these data sets that refer to years more recent than 1997.
From the Census home page you can click on the main heading Business.

## Slide 167

**Notes:**
The table of “Programs with national and subnational data” lists 8 programs, and, on the right, links directly to data -- where available -- for states, metro areas, counties, cities, and ZIP codes.
One of those programs with unique content is the Statistics of U.S. Business.
<<click on the 2001 in the U.S. column, in the row for Statistics of U.S. Business>>

## Slide 168

**Notes:**
This is the most comprehensive source of information about small business.  Firms are classified by the number of employees in the entire enterprise.  Data include total employment and payroll.  You can see, for example, that about half of the 114 million employees in all firms are in 17,000 firms with 500 or more employees (almost 57 million).  There are millions of firms with under 10 employees, but there aggregate impact is much smaller.
These data are also shown, in somewhat less detail, by year, by state, and by industry.  Metro area data can also be obtained in a downloadable spreadsheet.

## Statistics of U.S. Businesses

- Firms with paid employees

- Firms by employment size by NAICS
- allows you to define “small business”
- Geography
- US
- States
- Metropolitan areas

## Slide 170

**Notes:**
Another source of data for metropolitan areas is County Businesses Patterns, even though we wouldn't have guessed from the title.
    We can go straight to the data if we click on the year in the appropriate data cell.
<<click on 2001 in the metro column in the row for County Business Patterns>>

## Slide 171

**Notes:**
We click the GO button next to “Metro Business Patterns” to select by MSA

## Slide 172

**Notes:**
And pick out Biloxi-Gulfport-Pascagoula
       <<click on Submit>>

## Slide 173

**Notes:**
The MSA Business Patterns are formatted a little differently from the economic census pages, but much of the same functionality is still there.
You can click on one of the "Detail" buttons on the left to go to finer industry breakdowns, much like the down arrow on the census pages.
What is most significantly different is that there are no sales or receipts figures.
County Business Patterns has data on employment, payroll, and the number of establishments, like the census, but only the census has sales or receipts.

## County Business Patterns

- P1998 - 2002 - reported by 1997 NAICS
- P2003 and future - reported by 2002 NAICS

*Establishments, employment and payroll*
*No sales or receipts*

## Annual Survey of Manufactures

- Establishments with paid employees

## Slide 176

**Notes:**
The table of “Programs with national and subnational data” lists 8 programs, and, on the right, links directly to data -- where available -- for states, metro areas, counties, cities, and ZIP codes.
One of those programs with unique content is the Statistics of U.S. Business.
<<click on the 2001 in the U.S. column, in the row for Statistics of U.S. Business>>

## www.census.gov

*www.census.gov*

**Notes:**
There is another way we can look up these data sets that refer to years more recent than 1997.
From the Census home page you can click on the main heading Business.

## Slide 178

**Notes:**
We select Mississippi...
       <<click on Mississippi>>

## Slide 179

**Notes:**
...and immediately get a profile for the state.  We can select a county in any of three ways.
we could view a map and click on the county
and we could select with a pull-down menu
But let's say we don't know what county Biloxi is in, so we will Locate a county by place name
          <<click on Place Search>>

## Slide 180

**Notes:**
We can enter Biloxi (misspelling it).
       <<click on GO>>

## Slide 181

**Notes:**
...Then click on the county name to complete the selection.
       <<click on Harrison County>>

## Slide 182

**Notes:**
The Harrison county profile has a variety of statistics about people
       <<click on the slider bar on the right, toward the bottom>>

## Slide 183

**Notes:**
and business and geography.  The business statistics are not nearly as detailed as we were looking for, but back up at the top of the page...

## Which economic programs 

** ****County Business****    Patterns**
** ****Nonemployer Stats**
** ****Economic Census**
** ****Minority- & Women-****    Owned Businesses**
** ****Building Permits**
** ****Cons.Federal Funds**
** ****Governments**

***Which economic programs ***
***have local data?***

## Building Permits

-  Covers 21,000 permit-issuing places (where 95% of population lives)
-  Monthly
- Permits--Not Starts

## Consolidated Federal Funds Report

-  Covers counties & receiving jurisdictions
-  Annual
- Payments
- Grants
- Procurement
- Salaries

## Slide 187

**Notes:**
we can link to more data sets for the county.
       <<click Browse data sets for Harrison County, Mississippi>>

## Slide 188

**Notes:**
 And here we have, for Harrison county, People QuickLinks, Business Quicklinks, and Geography QuickLinks.

Note that the Business QuickLinks include each of the data sets we have talked about today:
The Econommic Census by NAICS
the minority- and women-owned business data
County Business Patterns
Nonemployer Statistics
...plus the Consolidated Federal Funds report
Clicking on any of these links would take us to the same types of pages we visited earlier.
          <<click on NAICS under Economic Census>

## Slide 189

**Notes:**
And here we are back at the Economic Census drill-down tables.

## Slide 190

**Notes:**
There is another important tool on the Economic Census page I want to draw your attention to.  Under the box outlined in red is the “Industry Statistics Sampler”.  We can type in a key word or NAICS code.  Let’s enter “software” and click NAICS Search.

## Slide 191

**Notes:**
This brings up a list of index entries and the industries associated with each.  
Let’s take a closer look at the data available for Software Publishers by clicking on its NAICS code.
<<click on 511210>>

## Slide 192

**Notes:**
This display starts with a link to the 2002 Industry Series report.  But most of the rest of the page is still devoted to 1997 data.  That includes the applicable NAICS hierarchy, and below that, lists the paragraph-style definition of the industry.  Other features include the applicable part of the Bridge between NAICS and SIC—which shows, in this case, that this NAICS corresponds directly to one SIC code, for complete comparability.
  Lower down on the page are state data.
<<click on States>>

## Slide 193

**Notes:**
Here the states are presented in rank order based on the total sales.

## Slide 194

**Notes:**
Toward the bottom of the same page are links to other data from 1997, in both PDF reports and “drill-down” hypertext tables.
Also shown are links to other Census Bureau programs with data for this industry, sources for more recent data and, in some cases, characteristics beyond the scope of the Economic Census for most industries, like capital expenditures.

## www.census.gov

*www.census.gov*

**Notes:**
There you have it, a wide range of tools available to you at the Census Bureau web site, especially the Economic Census.

## 2002 Economic Census Conferences

- Objectives

- Inform new users
- Availability and value of business data
- Inform experienced users
- New features, comparability, qualifications
- Set the stage for 2007 promotion
- Gain insights from contacts

## 2002 Economic Census Conferences

- Planning

- Conferences in 10-15 cities
- primarily June to Sep 2005
- Two possible half-day formats
- Slide-lecture
- Slide-lecture + hands-on

## 2002 Economic Census Conferences

- Responsibilities

- Census
- 2 speakers and handouts
- On-line registration
- Local sponsor
- Provide a venue
- Recruit attendees
- Refreshments, if any

## 2002 Economic Census

- Paul Zeisset
- 1-301-763-4151
- 1-877-790-1876
- econ@census.gov

- http://www.census.gov/econ/census02/guide/slides/sp-sdcreg05.ppt

**Notes:**
Are there any questions?

[[Repeat the question before answering it!!]]