# Presentation: 536923

## DEVELOP National Program

- “Community Benefits of
- Applied Sciences”

- August 9, 2006
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

**Notes:**
Thank you for your interest in the NASA Applied Sciences DEVELOP National Program. 
My name is <your name here>. I will be your guide today as we navigate this DEVELOP presentation. 

DEVELOP’s theme is “Community Benefits of Applied Sciences.”  

DEVELOP supports the NASA Science Mission Directorate under the Applied Sciences Program

## Twelve Applications of National Priority

**LaRC**

**ARC**

**LaRC**

**LaRC, SSC, GSFC, ARC**

**SSC**

**LaRC, MSFC**

**LaRC, ARC, **
**SSC**

**GSFC**

**LaRC**

**Notes:**
These are the 12 Applications of National Priority as outlined by the Applied Sciences Program.  They are used as a vector to benchmark partners’ use of NASA data in Decision Support Systems.  Here, outlined in red are the applications that we will address in this presentation.  Listed within each box are the locations where the projects are based.  

OR
Each of the six research focus areas noted on the previous chart has either a primary or secondary linkage to the Applied Sciences Program’s twelve Applications of National Priority, seen here.  These topics were selected based on criteria established by NASA’s Earth Science Strategy.  The Applied Sciences Program partners with agencies that own and operate decision support tools that serve one or more of the twelve priority applications. DEVELOP projects always address at least one of these applications.

## DEVELOP National Organization

- NASA Langley
- Research Center

- Virginia

- NASA Stennis
- Space Center

- Mississippi

- NASA Goddard
- Space Flight
- Center

- Maryland

- NASA Ames
- Research Center

- California

- NASA
- Headquarters

- Washington,
- D.C.

- Wise County

- Virginia

- Mobile County
- Health
- Department

- Alabama

- Tennessee
- Valley Authority

- Alabama

- University of
- Northern Iowa

- Iowa

- Pearl River
- Community
- College

- Mississippi

- Savannah
- Economic
- Development
- Authority

- Georgia

**DEVELOP National Program Office**

- Virginia

- NASA Marshall
- Space Flight
- Center

- Alabama

- University of
- Connecticut

- Connecticut

**Notes:**
This chart shows how DEVELOP is organized as a National Program. DEVELOP has grown in conjunction with the “One NASA” initiative. Today DEVELOP activities exist at six NASA centers including, Langley Research Center, Ames Research Center, NASA Headquarters, Goddard Space Flight Center, Stennis Space Center, and Marshall Space Flight Center. 

By leveraging support from state, local and tribal governments, DEVELOP has enabled students to work within their own region as noted on the bottom row.

The DEVELOP National Program Office is located at NASA Langley where the program has its largest concentration of students and projects.  All DEVELOP activities are student run, student led and are supported by professional local mentors.

## Presentation Agenda

**Welcome **
**GSFC DEVELOP Activities**
**Knowledge Base **
**Geoscience Data Interoperability**
**AIWG**
**ASPIRES **
**National DEVELOP Activities**
**HQ Liaison**
**Intex-B Mexico Air Quality **
**Gulf Coast Coastal Management**
**CAVE **
**Conclusion**
**Questions & Answers**

**Notes:**
This presentation begins with a look at DEVELOP’s role within the NASA Science Mission Directorate. It will then provide a brief overview of DEVELOP’s history, followed by an explanation of how DEVELOP acquires, conducts, and delivers its projects.  Finally, we will cover several projects and highlight a few outreach events.

## National DEVELOP Projects

**Intex-B Mexico Air Quality**
**Western National Parks Air Quality**
**Gulf Coast Coastal Management**
**Energy Management**
**Virginia Public Health**
**Global Public Health**
**Data Processing / CAVE **
**Publications**
**California Ecological Forecasting**
**Nevada Invasive Species**
**Alaska Coastal Management**

**Notes:**
This presentation begins with a look at DEVELOP’s role within the NASA Science Mission Directorate. It will then provide a brief overview of DEVELOP’s history, followed by an explanation of how DEVELOP acquires, conducts, and delivers its projects.  Finally, we will cover several projects and highlight a few outreach events.

## Solutions Networks

*Summer Team 2006*

**Nabeel Keblawi **
- Team Lead
- M.S. Atmospheric and
- Oceanic Sciences
- B.S. Information Technology

**Monica Anthony **
- Scientific Researcher
- B.S. Mathematics candidate

**Jennifer Choi **
- Scientific Researcher
- B.S. Chemistry and
- B.A. Criminology and
- Criminal Justice
- candidate

## The Problem

- Knowledge Gap: Research & Operational Communities
- Lack of Access to NASA Earth Science Research & Products
- No single source that collects *only* NASA research results
**Partners**
- Stennis Space Center
- Mississippi Research Center
- NASA Applied Sciences Program

## The Idea of Solutions Networks

- Link between NASA-funded research and community decision- and policy-makers
- Comprised of a Research Knowledge Database (RKDB) and networks of solution providers and end-users
- Part of Crosscutting Solutions under the NASA Earth Science Enterprise Applications Division

## The Research Knowledge Database

**Contains information about:**
- Requirements of Decision Support Tools (DSTs)
- Missions and Sensors
- NASA Data Products, Models, and Model Products
- NASA-Funded Earth Science Research collected from publication searches

## History of Solutions Networks

- Fall 2005
- Applied Sciences Crosscutting Solutions Manager Lucien Cox presents the idea of RKDB to DEVELOP
- Student researchers begin collecting relevant project publications
- Stennis Project
- Produce a searchable SN RKDB for the Decision Support System

## Summer 2006 Project Goal

- To create a prototype RKDB in order to:
- Understand the feasibility of creating a RKDB
- Develop the requirements and contents of the RKDB
- Understand the amount of work required to create and maintain the RKDB

## RKDB In Context

## Project Focus

- Combination of Two National Applications

- Coastal Management

- Disaster Management

**&**

## NRA-Accepted Proposals

- NRA List of Accepted Proposals from FY 2000-2004
- Created list of Coastal and Disaster Management Keywords
- Sorted and selected 185 relevant proposals

**Notes:**
At the request of the fall 2005 Students, a list of NRA accepted proposals for FY00-04 was acquired.
This list contained 1,759 NRA-accepted proposals that covered all 12 National Applications.
Using the Coastal and Disaster Management plans to generate a standardized list of keywords pertaining to the overlap of the two areas, as well as brainstorming additional parameters relevant to the topic.
This list was then used to sort through the received NRA list and select relevant proposals. 

## Publication Search Flow Chart

**Publication Search Flow Chart**

**Notes:**
After sorting through the NRA list and selecting 185 relevant proposals, the next step was to find the grant numbers that were awarded to these proposals.
Used STI and Email to get the grant numbers

## Publication Search Approach

- “Follow the Money”
- Find publications using the NASA Grant Number

**Notes:**
Once we were equipped with the NASA grant numbers, we were ready to begin our search

## Publication Search: STI

## Publication Search: Goddard Library

**Searches 40 databases *****simultaneously***
**    ****- Goddard Library catalog**
**    ****- Web of Science, Google Scholar**
**    ****- IEEE, AMS, AGU**

## Attributes List

- Designed to capture standard data and research results of the project
- Basis for each RKDB Entry
- Summer team began with Draft 3, which evolved to Draft 8 that included an “Other Results Section”

## Attributes List: Standard Data

## Attributes List: New Data Products

## Attributes List: New Models

## Attributes List: Other

## Attributes List: Other

## Attributes List: Other

## Results

- 185 proposals selected from NRA-accepted proposals for FY 2000-2004 (total 1,759)
- Found grant numbers for 51.9% of the selected proposals
- Found 158 Publications
- 111 with NASA Grant Number
- 47 without Grant Number
- Created 28 RKDB entries

## Status of RKDB

**  **Dr. Chuck O’Hara and Troy Frisbie collaborated on developing the RKDB structure
- 	- Graphical User Interface (GUI) is complete
- 	- Functionality incomplete; Still in development process
- 	Standardizing input lists: m2m, GCMD
- 	Save, add/delete/view functions
- 	- Expected finish dates
- 	Aug. 16 – RKDB structure
- 	Aug. 21 – Data Entry

## Conclusions

**Obstacles**
- 	- No direct link between proposals and
- 	  grant numbers
- 	- Lack of acknowledgement of specific grant
**The RKDB**
- 			  - Feasible? YES
- 			  - Realistic? YES
- 			  - Extended to all 12 areas of National 		    	    Application? Not yet

## Acknowledgements 

- Fritz Policelli - *Science Advisor*
- 		GSFC Code 604
- Dr. Shahid Habib - *Science Advisor*
- 		GSFC Code 604
- Dr. Chuck O’Hara - *Science Advisor*
*	**	*Mississippi Research Consortium, MSU
- Troy Frisbie
- 		NASA SSC
- Lucien Cox
- 		NASA HQ
- GMU
- GSFC

## The Geosciences Interoperability Team

**Sara Wade **
- Team Member
- B.S. Mathematics
- B.A. Economics
- December 2007

**Michael Karikari **
- Team Lead
- B.S. Geographic Information Systems
- May 2007

**The Geosciences Interoperability Team**
- Improving Discovery and Access of NASA Data Through the Earth Science Gateway (ESG)

## Improve discovery and access of NASA data
Current constraints:
Standards
Platforms
Remote locations
Lack of integration and knowledge of new technologies

- Current constraints:
- Standards
- Platforms
- Remote locations
- Lack of integration and knowledge of new technologies

**Concern:**

**Notes:**

There is currently a need to improve the discovery and access of NASA data because of constraints such as different standards (or different ways of storing data), different platforms, and the data resides in remote locations throughout the country. New technologies would improve the discovery and access of NASA data, however there is a lack of integration and knowledge of these new technologies. Improved discovery and access would lead to better models and tools, leading to greater values and benefits for society.

## Background:

**Background:**

- Geosciences Interoperability Office (GIO) is responsible for the promotion and implementation of interoperable interfaces
- ESG uses publicly accessible web services to enable users to access, view, and layer NASA data via the Internet

## Earth Science Gateway Concept

- Web Browser

- Earth Science
- Gateway

- Web Services

- Servers
- Datasets
- Models
- Catalogs
- Documentation

- Web Services

- Users

- Data Sources

**Notes:**
This concept diagram shows ESG framework and how it connects users to data sources.  The data sources are register or harvested into ESG. ESG has web services implemented and in order for the data sources to be viewable through ESG they also have to have web services implemented. That is why currently none of the data from the DAAC are registered, but GIO is currently working to get web services implemented.

## ESG Requirements

**ESG Requirements**

- Implementation of interoperable interfaces at data repositories (e.g. DAACs)
- Greater awareness of ESG and its features
- NASA data products, tools, and services registered in ESG

**Notes:**
ESG should ease the current constraints to accessing NASA data, however  to further improve discovery and access to NASA data GIO requires: implemetation of interoperable interfaces at data repositories, greater knowledge of ESG and its features, more NASA data products, tools, and services registered in ESG, which leads us to our project

## Goals

**Goals**

- Increase the discovery, access, and use of NASA data by:
- Aiding in the advancement of ESG functionality
- Increasing the awareness of geosciences systems interoperability and ESG functionality

**Notes:**
The goal of our project was to increase the discovery, access, and us of NASA data by: first, aiding in the advancement of ESG and second, increasing the awareness of ESG, its features, GIO, its work, and the importance of ESG and GIO

## Summer Accomplishments

- Registered web services and documents into ESG
- Created feedback reports on ESG
- Ex. Maintenance will be required because URLs and web services are changed or updated
- Developed a plan for the V&V of ESG and a Benchmark outline
- Will be used at GMU under Phil Yang

**Notes:**
To fulfill this goals, we accomplished many tasks this summer. The first being that we registered many NASA data products, services, and tools into ESG, we manually registered each item using the Publisher Wizard a tool within ESG. Second, we created feedback report on ESG which were submitted to John Evans either verbally or physically, for example, through errors we found with different layers, it was discovered that maintenance is required because service providers will change URLs or web services and the URLs and web services need to be updated. We developed a plan for V&V of ESG, involved summarizing procedure and creating table to verify and validate ESG, and Benchmark outline we summarized the procedure which involves using ESG for three EPA projects, these plans will be used by Phil Yang for EVVB of ESG at GMU 

## Summer Accomplishments cont. 

- Created educational outreach material about GIO and ESG
- Presented along with live demonstration of ESG at GSFC and LaRC
- Submitted to GIO and DEVELOP for future use

- Screenshot from presentation

**Notes:**
We created a outreach material to inform current and future develop students on GIO, ESG, and their importance to DEVELOP, we presented this material twice along with a live demo of ESG at LaRC and GSFC. Then submitted it to DEVELOP and GIO so they could use it to educate future students who could use ESG for their projects or work with GIO. This is a screen shot from our presentation. It shows screenshots taken from ESG and an example of the data viewable through ESG and how you can layer data.

## SummerAccomplishments cont. 

- Developed a plan to implement interoperable interfaces to the GES DAAC
- Increase the NASA data accessible through web services
- Currently in progress – Collaboration with Chris Lynnes & Greg Leptoukh
- Technical paper and article for submission to Geospatial solutions

**Notes:**
Currently, no data from the DAACs are viewable through ESG, talks have been made but nothing is happened so we developed a plan to implement interoperable standards to GES DAAC to get the ball rolling. This would make a lot more data viewable through ESG and successfully got things moving between the DAAC and GIO.
Finally, we created a techinical paper and an article for submission to Geospatial Solutions.

## Results 

**Results **

- ESG is a useful tool that demonstrates the potential of interoperable interfaces
- DEVELOP advanced ESG by increasing the data accessible, reporting feedback, and aiding in the testing of the tool
- DEVELOP increased the awareness of ESG by informing others of this tool and showing of its features

**Notes:**
We feel that ESG is a very useful tool and that is demonstrates the potential interoperable interfaces have to improve the discovery, access, and use of NASA data. We specifically achieved our goals:
We improved ESG, though our feedback reports and our help with the planning of how to test the tool, and more importantly by increasing the data accessible through registering web services and web sites, and by starting the process of getting interoperable interfaces implemented to the DAACs. 
 We increased the awareness of ESG and GIO through our presentation to other DEVELOP teams and the presentation we developed will be used to continually inform DEVELOP

## Future Work

- Set up Web services to DEVELOP projects
- Collaborate with GES DAAC to implement interoperable interfaces

**Notes:**
Future work specifically for DEVELOP include: implement web services to the DEVELOP projects so they can be viewable through ESG and any other tool that uses web services, also carrying out the plan that we developed and implementing interoperable interfaces to GES DAAC, then creating a model out of that process so that other DAACs can follow this model

## Acknowledgements

- Science Advisors (GIO)
- Marge Cole
- Myra Bambacus
- John Evans
- Phil Yang
- Nadine Alameh
- Partners
- Chris Lynnes and Greg Leptoukh (GES DAAC)
- George Mason University

## Links

- ESG: http://esg.gsfc.nasa.gov
- DEVELOP: http://develop.larc.nasa.gov
- GIO: http://gio.gsfc.nasa.gov

- 	Need to Maintain and Enhance the AIWG Website
**Importance**
- Provides important information in an organized and easily accessible form
- Enables communication across programs
- Establishes standards for implementation of programs and projects
**Customers**
- National Applications and Crosscutting Solutions Program Managers
- Applied Sciences Projects Leads and Members

**Applications Implementation Working Group**
**Website**

- http://aiwg.gsfc.nasa.gov

**Notes:**
The Applications Implementation Working Group (AIWG) website is a program management tool that provides important information in an organized and easily accessible form. 

This website provides all the necessary information to ensure that every member of the group is equally well-informed. 

Such information includes an outline of the function steps required to link the research domain to the operational domain (such as V&V and benchmarking standards), and documentation of group members’ processes thus far (the colored charts), in respect to those steps. 

Continual updating of the website is needed to ensure that information remains current and accessible. 

## Addition of Deliverables Window
Highly organized format to display the multiple projects and subsequent deliverables of a program
DEVELOP was the first to utilize this feature

- Highly organized format to display the multiple projects and subsequent deliverables of a program
- DEVELOP was the first to utilize this feature

**Applications Implementation Working Group**

**Improvements**

**Notes:**
Minor modifications to existing pages were made, including:
*revision of due dates
*posting of completed documents
* Relocating older data into archives

The greatest accomplishment was developing a cleaner way to organize deliverables on the Crosscutting Solutions page.

This involved making a new window that displays deliverable information in a delicious chart.

DEVELOP was the first to utilize this feature, setting an example for other Crosscutting Solutions Programs.

## ASPIRES Contributions

**ASPIRES Contributions**

**Notes:**
DEVELOP has made significant contributions to the ASPIRES system.  In support of our science advisor, Fritz Policelli, students provided maintenance to the 2006 project plans and created an initial framework for the 2007 plans.  In an effort to offer continued support to ASPIRES, we are attempting to add desirable improvements to the 2007 plans.

## DEVELOP Liaison and

- ROSES/DECISIONS 05 summary
- FY 2006 summary
- Compilation of FY 2006 deliverables to meet metrics/PAR preparation
**Applied Sciences Program Accomplishments**
- Provide support to team working on ASPIRES
- Act as a contact at Headquarters for Program Managers
**Crosscutting Solutions Program Support**
- 	Research into possible journals and conferences for Applied Sciences Program paper publication
**Support to RPC experiment**
- 	Research into climate change modeling uncertainty

**DEVELOP Liaison and**
**NASA Headquarters Support**

**Notes:**
As the DEVELOP liaison, my tasks are to act as a contact between NASA Headquarters and other DEVELOP sites and to provide support to the program managers of the twelve applications of national priority. Due to the nature of this position, results for the summer term consist of many smaller projects instead of one large technical project. 

One area of activity included planning and metric analysis. Summaries were created for the ROSES/DECISIONS05 proposals as well as a summary breaking down the fiscal year 2006 budget by projects in the national applications and by NASA center. Working with the Goddard DEVELOP team, a listing of all benchmark, verification and validation, and evaluation reports to be delivered in the 2006 fiscal year was also compiled.

In support of the Applied Sciences Program, the liaison position also provided support to the DEVELOP teams working with the ASPIRES database and acted as a contact located at headquarters that the program managers could interact with.

The liaison position also supported the crosscutting solutions program with help from DEVELOP students at Langley by researching and compiling a listing of journals and conferences suitable for potential publication of a paper to be authored on the process of NASA’s Applied Sciences Program extending of NASA science data benefits to the community. (...authored on the outreach of NASA’s Applied Sciences Program?)

This term, support was also offered to a beginning RPC experiment dealing with bringing global climate change model projections to the watershed scale. Research was done looking into the uncertainties associated with model downscaling and how they are characterized and quantified. The results of the overall RPC experiment will hopefully provide the impacts of global climate change on the watershed scale as well as decision support systems with better quantification of uncertainty for decision makers. 

- Air Quality in Mexico City, Mexico
- Need for a methodology for model and instrument assessment
- Potential impact on U.S. air quality due to long range transport
**Products**
- Visualization of aerosol data in and around Mexico City
- Comparison of airborne, satellite, and model data
- Potential submission to *Atmospheric Environment*
**Partners**
- MILAGRO, INTEX-B
- US Department of Energy,
- 	Atmospheric Sciences Program

**INTEX-B **
**(Mexico City Air Quality)**

**Notes:**
We are here representing the Intex-B/ Mexico air quality team. Our project was done under the direction of Dr. Richard Ferrare at the NASA Langley Research Center, who is a member of NASA's Intex-B team (studying the transportation and evolution of aerosols and other pollutants across the globe) Our community concern for this project is the air quality in Mexico City. It is known that Mexico city has very poor air quality. Mexico City is located in a basin surrounded by mountains on 3 sides, with over 18 million residents and 3 million motor vehicles, the concentration of aerosols builds up and gets trapped within the city. Our 2nd concern is a standard method to assess the accuracy of instruments and predictive models and their accuracy. The products for this project include a visualization of aerosol data in the Mexico City region, a comparison of airborne, satellite, and model data using a neural network which will be explained later, and a submission to the journal of atmospheric environment. Our partners in this project include Intex-B, the MILAGRO campaign, along with the U.S department of energy's atmospheric sciences program who funded portions of MILAGRO. Our project falls under Air Quality in the applications of national priority. 

## INTEX-B 

**Data**

**  **_**Earth Observations**_
-  HSRL (Kingair B200),
-  MODIS(Terra)
-  CALIPSO, Glory

_**Decision Support Tools**_
- Created point selection algorithms and a methodology to compare models using NASA data
- Developed visuals of the         aerosol distribution in and around Mexico City
- Computed trajectories of aerosol movement around the region

_**Value & Benefits**_
- Demonstration of how NASA data  can be used to evaluate current and future models
- A clearer understanding of the aerosol distribution in and around Mexico City

** **_**Earth System Models**_
-  STEM
-   (Sulfur Transport Eulerian
-     Model) *University of Iowa*
-  HYSPLIT 4.8
-   (Hybrid Single-Particle
-     Lagrangian Integrated
-     Trajectory) *NOAA*
- Alyuda NeuroIntelligence
-     *Fremont, California*

**Aerosol **
**optical depth,**
**Backscatter,**
**Depolarization,**
**Extinction**

- Future missions

**INTEX-B **
**Mexico City Air Quality**

***Uncertainty Analysis and Scientific Rigor***

***Partners***

**Aerosol **
**Distribution, Trajectories, Data model**

**Notes:**
Earth Observations: 
The lidar instrument onboard the Kingair B200 and the MODIS instrument onboard the Terra satellite were used to observe the levels of Aerosol Optical Depth, aerosol backscatter ratio, depolarization ratio, and aerosol extinction coefficient. Our primary focus was in the comparison of AOD values between the Lidar and Modis instruments. In the future the Calipso and Glory instruments will provide an additional resource for air quality measurements, including the convenience of an onboard lidar on the Calipso satelitte. 
Earth System Models 
- The STEM(Sulfur Transport Eulerian Model)  from the University of Iowa provided AOD values for futher comparison with the Lidar and Modis Instuments. 
- NOAA's Hysplit model was used to track the movement of aerosols in and around Mexico City. 
Alyuda NeuroIntelligence, a private company in Freemont California provided a neural network that was used to gain a better look at the visual correlation being shown between the AOD values.

Rapid Prototyping Decision Support Tools 
-A Methodology and algorithms were developed to compare models (STEM, Lidar, Modis) using NASA data 
-A visualization of the aerosol distribution (aerosol backscatter ratio) in and around Mexico City was created using V-GEO software. 
-The Hysplit model was utilized as a method of computing aerosol trajectories for the Mexico City region 

Value & Benefits 
-The Value & Benefits of our project included: 
- A demonstration of how NASA data can be used to evaluate current and future models 
- Gaining a clearer understanding of the aerosol distribution in and around Mexico City. 

## Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) – a measure of turbidity, the effect of aerosols in reducing the transmissionof solar radiation

- An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is an information processing paradigm
- Inspired by biological nervous systems
- Weights the data to reduce error

**INTEX-B **

**Results: Neural Network**

- Low Aerosol Concentration

- High Aerosol Concentration

**Preliminary Data**

**Preliminary Data**

**Notes:**
One of the tools we used in analyzing optical depth was an artificial neural network, which is a processing paradigm inspired by biological nervous systems that creates a model based on underlying data trends.  
As you can see from our March 13th  results derived with our point selection algorithms, the neural network model data had a very high correlation compared to the raw data.  While the raw data had a correlation coefficient of 0.667, the model data had a correlation of 0.858, an increase of 29%.  
These results reveal that the MODIS and lidar measurements do in fact correlate very well. 

## Results: Stem Comparisons and HYSPLIT

**HYSPLIT Results**
- Air parcels originated from the west
- Air masses move northeast toward the Gulf of Mexico

**INTEX-B**

- STEM simulation correlated well on the 12th, but poorly on the 13th

**Preliminary Data**

**Preliminary Data**

- Preliminary Data

**Notes:**
Our team developed a rapid cost effective methodology to access current and future models and there effectiveness by comparing it to downloadable MODIS data. Our two graphs visually show the results to this methodology in a MODIS, LIDAR and STEM comparison. For march 12th we have a 97% correlations between all three systems, but for the 13 th we have under a 1% correlation. This doesn't necessarily mean the data is wrong, it just tells us that researchers might want to double check this data for inconsistencies or different weather patterns that were present that day. We also generated a HYSPLIT visual that depict the air patterns over the region. When wind currents come through the city they carry large amounts of polluted air parcels northeasterly to the Gulf of Mexico. 

## INTEX-B 

**INTEX-B **

**Visuals of preliminary HSRL aerosol data from KingAir B200**

- Backscatter Ratio (532nm)

- Depolarization (532nm)

**0.50**

**0.00**

**2.50**

**0.05**

**2.50**

**0.05**

- N

- N

- N

- N

**Notes:**
vGeo software was used to create all of our visuals shown here.  As you can see Mexico City is centrally located within the country, and the city itself lies in a basin surrounded by mountains to the East, South, and West.  In the bottom two pictures plumes of aerosols can be seen flowing out of the basin towards the north. Observations of backscatter, depolarization, and other parameters can potentially infer the difference between urban and natural aerosols.  

## These methods are quick, cost effective ways to assess new and current models and instruments using NASA remote sensing data

**INTEX-B **

**Future NASA Missions and Sustainability **
- CALIPSO (2006) - CALIOP
- Glory (2008) - APS

**Conclusion**

**Notes:**
This project utilizes point selection algorithms, neural networks and a variety of models to demonstrate a rapid, cost-effective way to assess models using downloadable NASA data. This could help future decision makers choose the appropriate model or instrument for a given project. 
The MILAGRO campaign hopes to extend the lessons learned in Mexico City to other Megacities, population over 10 million, around the world. 
Future missions that could enhance similar projects include CALIPSO and GLORY, glory will be available sometime in 2008, and contains the Aerosol polarimetry sensor which gives us depolarization data similar to what we have seen on the previous slide.
 CALIPSO will be available by the end of this year and is especially exciting  because DEVELOP has been able to work with some of the brand new preliminary data which you will see later, and it contains a Lidar instrument similar to the one used in this project, so in the future we will be able to conduct similar projects utilizing instruments from space

- The need for accurate, real time prediction and monitoring of fecal coliform levels
- In 2000, over $117 billion of the US economy was connected to ocean     related activities (US Ocean Commissions Policy)
**Products**
- Determine a correlation to estimate fecal
-    coliform levels in the Mobile Bay
- Create a visualization using SeaDAS
-    estimating fecal coliform contamination
- Submit an article to *Estuarine, *
*   **Coastal, and Shelf Sciences*
**Partner**
- 	Gulf of Mexico Alliance

**Applied Sciences ****Related**** to **
**Gulf Coast Coastal Management**

**Notes:**
Our project has stemmed from a community concern involving the need for a more efficient way to determine water contamination. Local communities surrounding the Gulf of Mexico depend on the shellfish industry. The current method for determining fecal pollution involves costly in situ sampling and incubation periods of 24 hours. In itself, fecal coliform is not harmful; they simply serve as indicators for pathogens that may also be present. When elevated levels of fecal coliform bacteria are continually found, it is assumed that pathogens are also present forcing any shellfish beds in that area to close in order to prevent the spread of disease.

In 2000, the US Commission on Ocean Policy estimated over $117 billion of the United States economy was connected to ocean-related activities. In 2003 alone over 18,000 individual advisories and beach closures were issued due to elevated levels of fecal bacteria contamination.

Utilizing NASA satellite data from Aqua and TRMM, we’ve determined a correlation and displayed an alternative method to estimate fecal bacteria contamination. We have also created a visualization displaying this data. Our project will conclude with a journal submission to Water Research.

Our science advisors are Callie Hall and Terry McPherson from NASA Stennis Space Center. 
Our project is under the National Priorities of public health, coastal management, ecological forecasting, and water management.

## Applied Sciences Related to 

**Data**

**    **_**Earth Observations**_
**Ocean Sensors: **
- Aqua (MODIS, CERES)
- TRMM (precipitation radar)
- Aquarius (salinity)
- NPOESS (SST)
*In Situ* Data Collection

**  **_**Value & Benefits**_
-  Prevent the
-   consumption of
-   contaminated
-   shellfish
-  Assist authorities
-   in their decision for
-   shellfish bed
-   closures
-  Enhance or validate
-   current methods for
-   estimating fecal
-   coliform levels in
-   coastal waters

**   **_**Earth System Models**_
- Multiple Regression
- 	Analysis
- SeaDAS Image Analysis

**Applied Sciences ****Related**** to **
**Gulf Coast Coastal Management**

***Partners***

-  SST
-  Solar
-   radiance
-  Rainfall
-   Accumulation
-  Salinity
-  River Stage
-  Fecal Coliform

- Future Missions

**    **_**Decision Support Tools**_
-   Created visualization
-    using SeaDAS to estimate
-    fecal coliform contamination
-   Determine a correlation
-    relating fecal coliform levels
-    in the Gulf of Mexico to
-    salinity, SST, accumulated
-    rainfall, and solar radiance
-   Display an alternative
-    method of predicting
-    shellfish bed closure

**Notes:**
The Earth Observation Systems we used were the Aqua and TRMM satellites. Aquarius and NPOESS will provide salinity and sea surface temperature in the future, respectively. We used multiple regression analysis to derive an equation relating fecal coliform levels to salinity, sst, accumulated rainfall and solar radiance. We also created a 3D visualization displaying fecal coliform contamination. By using satellites to estimate fecal coliform levels, we are displaying an alternative method of predicting shellfish bed closure. The value and benefits of our project are to prevent the consumption of contaminated shellfish and to assist authorities in their decision for shellfish bed closures.

**Applied Sciences ****Related**** to **
**Gulf Coast Coastal Management**

- Mobile Bay, Alabama

**Notes:**
This video showcases our area of study, the Mobile Bay. The yellow dots are the ADPH’s in situ sampling stations. Area 1 had 7 in situ sampling stations and the graph shown is the monthly average fecal coliform levels for this area. Area 2 had 6 in situ sampling stations and the following graph is Area 2’s monthly average fecal coliform levels. At each sampling station monthly salinity and fecal coliform levels were recorded. Area 3 had 9 sampling stations and the following graph is its monthly average of fecal coliform concentration. Mobile Bay is the fourth largest watershed in the US by flow volume.

## Applied Sciences Related to 

**Gulf Coast Coastal Management**

**Notes:**
Using the Linux based program SeaDAS, we acquired salinity and SST images from MODIS aboard Aqua and combined that with river stage in situ data from the ADPH.  While team members at Langley were deriving a correlation, Stennis/Mobile team found an in situ based formula which was used in SeaDAS to estimate fecal coliform. This formula was created during a collaborative study between JSU, MS DMR, and the National Institute of Health. The result was an image estimating fecal coliform levels in the Gulf of Mexico and Mobile Bay.  This  visualization shows fecal coliform levels for three consecutive days in May.  Purple represents the lowest level of FC, and red represents the highest levels of FC (which you can see red mostly around the coastline) The resolution of these images is approximately  1km.  

## Applied Sciences Related to 

**Applied Sciences ****Related**** to **
**Gulf Coast Coastal Management**

**Future Mission Capabilities:**

- Displayed a method for fecal estimation utilizing NASA EOS and SeaDAS that can be used to verify and/or enhance current methods for monitoring fecal coliform levels
- Fecal coliform levels displayed an inverse relationship with salinity and sea surface temperature and a direct relationship with rainfall accumulation and solar radiance
- A moderate correlation was found for Area 1 with little or no correlation found for Area 2 and Area 3 to date

- 	Future missions improve accuracy of equations and resolution of fecal coliform estimations

**Notes:**
Fecal coliform displayed an inverse relationship with salinity and sst and a direct relationship with rainfall accumulation and solar radiance. A moderate correlation was found for Area 1 and little or no correlation was found for Areas 2 and 3.

Future missions can improve the accuracy and resolution of fecal coliform estimations. Aquarius will provide salinity measurements ending the need for in situ sampling or lengthy algorithms to produce salinity measurements. The National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System or NPOESS will provide higher resolution SST data. The resolution is 0.8 km.

- 	The need for a user friendly CALIPSO data reduction and analysis tool
**Products**
- 3D CALIPSO visualizations
- A multi-screen display system
**Partners**
- CALIPSO Team
- NASA Applied Sciences Department

**Data Processing / CAVE Teams**

**Notes:**

Good Afternoon, we are the Virginia Homeland Security Team.
Norman Loney, Ph.D
New Jersey Institute of Technology
Eranna Guruvadoo, Ph.D
Bethune Cookman College 
J. Rufinus, Ph.D
Widener University

This project is being conducted at the request of the Virginia Office of Homeland Preparedness in efforts objective is to show how NASA science can aid in Homeland Security and more specifically to aid Virginia’s Readiness, Response and Recovery Program.  

Our project focuses on chemical dispersion models as decision support tools.  

Our community concern arises from the Jan 2005 rail car accident in Graniteville, S.C. in which 9 people died, 550 people were treated for chlorine inhalation and 5,500 residents to be evacuated.  

We are presenting a 3d model of Richmond, VA’s emergency and educational facilities in the vicinity of our chlorine rail tank incident.  

Previous efforts of the Virginia Homeland Security Project are slated for publication this May in the Princeton Journal of Science.

Our customers are the Virginia Office of Homeland Preparedness and the Virginia Geographic Information Network.

This project will be presented in June to the Southern Growth Policies Board taking place in Alabama. 

## Slide 59

## In Conclusion

**Students create and demonstrate   projects**

**Applications of National Priority**

**Benefits of NASA Applied Sciences research results to communities**

- addressing

- communicating

**Notes:**
In closing, the DEVELOP program benefits all parties involved.. Communities benefit by experiencing NASA data products first hand, students benefit by exposure to high level technological training and NASA benefits by increased public awareness of the Earth-Sun System Division Applied Sciences Program..  DEVELOP also supports the Science Mission Directorate, whose mission is to expand and accelerate the realization of economic and societal benefits from Earth-Sun System science, information, and technology.

## Dr. Shahid Habib

- Myra Bambacus
- George Komar

- Fritz Policelli
- Marge Cole
- Jack Richards

## Questions and Comments

## DEVELOP Challenges

| Completed | In Progress | Pending |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  
 Interaction with DAACs

 Publications 

 Use of Climate Model 
   Outputs

 Explore Future Missions

 Use Climate Model  
  Outputs
 |  
 Generate Candidate        
   Configurations

 Gulf of Mexico Alliance

 Oceans US

 Expand use of Future 
   Missions

 Establish New Partnerships
 |  
 Participate in national and 
   international conferences 

 Further develop Candidate  
   Configurations

 Propose RPC experiments   
   from Candidate  
   Configurations
 |

**DEVELOP Challenges**

**Notes:**
Each time we present at Headquarters, we are given the opportunity to address challenges, courtesy of the Applied Sciences Program.  Today we would like to give you an update on some of the challenges we have received since Fall of 2003.  

On the left in green we list completed challenges.  Specifically, I’d like to note that the Ames DEVELOP activity has expanded to address the are of Carbon Management.  This June they delivered their project to the National Forrest Service in Oregon.  We are currently registered publishable users on the Earth-Sun System gateway and our team at Goddard has worked extensively to strengthen our relationship with the ESG.  Students from multiple locations attend the ESRI conference in San Diego this summer and we received a special achievement award from ESRI.  

In the blue we have some challenges that we are currently addressing.  We continue to strengthen our relationships with the various DAACs and so far have used data from 6 of 8.  To date we have over 60 publications, 2 accepted and pending publication and 4 in progress.  In today’s presentation you will also see examples of how we are using output from an Observing System Simulation Experiment.  

In pink are those challenges that we have yet to address.  We are planning an “Applied Sciences Event” at Goddard where we will tell the story of DEVELOP and the Applied Sciences Program.  The date of this event has yet to be announced.  We have also decided to challenge ourselves to align with the Agency’s initiative for exploration.  You will see at the end of this presentation how we are attempting to do so.  

Environmental Systems Research Institute-ESRI 

## DEVELOP Outreach Activities

| Jan. 4-6, 2006 | MODIS Science Team meeting (Baltimore, Maryland) |
| --- | --- |
| Jan. 29-Feb 2, 2006 | American Meteorological Society Annual Meeting (Atlanta, Georgia) |
| May 1-5, 2006 | American Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (Reno, Nevada) |
| May 23-26, 2006 | Joint Assembly (AGU, GS, MB, MSA, SEG) Meeting (Baltimore, Maryland) |
| June 4-6, 2006 | Southern Growth Policies Board conference (New Orleans, Louisiana) |
| July 31-Aug. 4, 2006 | IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) meetings |
| Sept. 19-21, 2006 | American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) Space 2006 Conference (San Jose, CA) |