# Presentation: 092674

## U.S. Census Bureau

- Foreign Trade Division
- Understanding Foreign Trade Data
- June 18, 2008

## U.S. Census Bureau

- Overview of Imports and Exports
- Carol Aristone
- Commodity Analysis Branch
- Carol.Ann.Aristone@census.gov

## What do the statistics measure? 

- 	The physical movement of goods between:
- United States, Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands
- Foreign countries.

## Coverage

- Movement of goods into & out of:
- U.S. Customs Territory
- U.S. Virgin Islands
- Bonded Warehouses
- Foreign Trade Zones (FTZs)

## Coverage 

- Goods not included:
- U.S. trade with U.S. territories
- Trade between U.S. territories
- Trade between foreign countries and U.S. territories (other than PR and VI)
- In transit merchandise through the U.S.

## What’s not Covered in Statistics? 

- Monetary gold & silver
- U.S. government to U. S. government
- Imports of articles repaired under warranty
- Intangibles
- Personal and household effects
- Low valued transactions

## The Harmonized System (HS)

- Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the U.S. Annotated for Statistical Reporting Purposes (HTSUSA)
- Statistical Classification of Domestic and Foreign Commodities Exported from the U.S.  (Schedule B)

## The HS System

**17,000+ HTSUSA & 8,000+ Schedule B codes**
**Periodically revised**
**Structure:**
**2 digit Chapter**
**4 digit Heading **
**6 digit sub heading**
**8 digit legal**
**10 digit statistical**

## The HS System

## What is the difference?

- Export codes (Schedule B) are maintained by the U.S. Census Bureau.
- Import codes are administered by the U.S. International Trade Commission (USITC).
- Import Codes CAN be used to classify Exports, but Exports codes CAN NOT be used to classify goods for import (Imports has a lot more detail!!)

## Changes to the HTSUSA & Schedule B

- Changes occur three different ways:
- WCO changes affect the HS (4 or 6 digit) level
- Legislation – affects the legal (8-digit) level
- Imports only
- 484(f) committee – affects the statistical (10-digit) level

## 
Exports

- Exports

## Related vs. Non-related

- Statistics cover the physical movement of goods, regardless of if item is sold
- When a U.S. manufacturer exports merchandise to their company in France or to a non-related purchaser in Russia, both are counted as trade

## Valuation

- F.A.S. Export Value (free alongside ship)
- Value of export at port based on transaction price, including inland freight, insurance  other charges incurred (before loaded)
- Excludes international freight, cost of loading merchandise and any other charges/costs beyond port of export

## Leases

- If merchandise exported for <12 months
- Non-statistical
- Consignment - Temp. lease with option to buy
- Statistical
- Examples: artwork or aircraft

## Repairs – Exports 

- Exporting items for repair
- Report Ch. 1-97 HS number of item
- Non-statistical
- AES export information code TR (temporary export for repair)
- Exporting items repaired in U.S.
- Report HS 9801 and value of repair
- Statistical

## 
Imports

- Imports

## Foreign Trade Zones	 – Imports

- Duties not required until goods withdrawn for consumption
- Importer has choice to pay at the rate of the original foreign materials or the finished product
- Can result in $3,000 new car
- No duty if re-exported to foreign country

## Bonded Warehouses – Imports 

- Duty payment deferred
- No duty if re-exported to foreign countries

## General vs. Consumption

**General Imports** – measures flow of goods across U.S. border
- Imports for direct consumption
- Bonded warehouse entries and FTZ _admissions_
**Most widely used measure of imports**

## General vs. Consumption (cont.)

**Imports for Consumption** – goods cleared through Customs
- Imports for direct consumption
- Bonded warehouse and FTZ _withdrawals_

## Valuation

- Customs Value
- Generally, price actually paid excluding:
- Duties
- Freight
- Insurance and other charges
- Relationship b/w parties should not influence value

## Valuation (cont.)

- CIF (cost, insurance, freight)
- CIF = Customs Value + Import Charges
- Excludes U.S. import duties

## Valuation (cont.)

- Dutiable Value
- Customs value of foreign goods subject to duty
- Where merchandise is a combination of U.S. and foreign goods, duty is applied only to the foreign value added

## Valuation (cont.)

- To determine the dutiable value of a combination of U.S. and foreign goods:
- Example: 9802 provision
- U.S. value is included in statistics
- Value is total of domestic + foreign values
- U.S. Goods indicators show that a portion of the import is domestic materials
- Publication IM146A

## Valuation (cont.)

- Duty
- Collected by CBP
- Reported on the Automated Commercial System (ACS)
- FTD generally uses duty as reported on ACS

## Country Sub-Codes (CSC)

- Indicates a special program allowing for free or reduced duty
- Examples: GSP, US-Chile Free Trade Agreement, NAFTA
- CSC used:
- 00 = no special programs claimed
- CA = Goods marked for Canada (NAFTA)
- MX = Goods marked for Mexico (NAFTA)
- Full list available on our website

## Rate Provision (RP) codes

- RP codes indicate free or dutiable status
- Used in conjunction with goods imported using Ch. 98 or 99 code
- RP code can relate back to Ch. 98 or 99
- Assigned by FTD

## Rate Provisions (cont.)

- Examples of RP codes:
- RP 17 = Free as articles imported for the handicapped.  Imported under HTS subheadings 9817.00.92, 9817.00.94 & 9817.00.96
- RP 69 = Dutiable at rate prescribed in Rate of Duty columns of HTS Ch. 99.  Duty reported
- Full list available on our website

## Special Provisions

- Chapter 98 & 99 for National use
- Ch 98 - duty free/reduction
- Ch 99 -  legislation, executive and administrative actions

## Special Provisions (cont.)

- 9801 - U.S. goods exported and returned not advanced or improved
- U.S. origin
- Previously exported from U.S.

## Special Provisions (cont.)

- 9802 – Goods with components of U.S. origin
- U.S. goods assembled abroad
- Importers deduct value of U.S. goods from total Customs value

## Dual Reporting of Codes

- Report 10-digit statistical reporting number
- Chapter 1-97
- Unit of Quantity
- Followed by special provision
- 	Chapter 98

## Dual Reporting of Codes

- 9817.85.01
- Prototypes for development, testing, evaluation
- Free
- 8422.11.0000
- Dishwasher, household
- 2.4%
- 8422.19.0000
- Dishwasher, other
- Free

## Special Provisions (cont.)

- Chapter 99
- Quotas
- Additional duties
- Temporary reductions

## Slide 36

## Dual Reporting of Codes

- Footnote 189 -  See headings 9902.01.19, 9902.02.12, 9902.12.54, etc.
- Reduced or duty free rates
- 9902.01.19 *Vinclozolin*
- Report 9902.01.19 - 2934.99.1200

## Repairs – Imports

- Importing repaired item
- Report Ch. 98 number and value of repair
- If under warranty – non-statistical
- If Non-warranty – statistical
- Also report Ch. 1-97 HS in order to determine duty
- Importing item for repair
- Temporary imports

## Internet References

- FTD
- http://www.census.gov/trade
- Guide to Foreign Trade Statistics
- http://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/guide/index.html

## Internet References (con.)

- Schedule B
- http://www.census.gov/scheduleb
- HTSUSA
- http://www.usitc.gov/tata/hts/bychapter/index.htm

## Internet References (con.)

- CSC
- http://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/reference/codes/csc.html
- RP
- http://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/reference/codes/rp.html

- Any Questions?

## Processing and Editing

- June 18, 2008
- Andrew Jennings
- Methods Research and Quality Assurance
- Andrew.S.Jennings@census.gov

## Introduction

- The Foreign Trade Division processes over 6 million import and export transactions a month
- Publish the official merchandise trade statistics on a monthly basis
- Ensure that published statistics are accurate
- Published data may appear different than what can be seen on the electronic systems

## Outline

- Sources of Data
- Processing
- Data Categories
- Differences

## Sources of Import Data

- Imports
- The Automated Commercial System (ACS)
- E214 Program
- Automated Foreign Trade Zone Reporting Program (AFTZRP)
- Paper Documents
- Canadian Gas and Electricity
- Estimates

## Sources of Import Data

- 	 **Source ****	****	****	****Percent of      Number of**
**	****	****	****	****	****  ****Value****	****     Records**
**ACS****	****	****	****      86****	****	****       4,099k**
**AFTZRP****	****	****	****        4****	**** ****	****            61k**
**E214****	****	****	****        6****	****	****	**** 27k**
**Canada****	****	****	****        2****	****	****         0.05k**
**Paper Documents****	****        1****	****	****              8k**
**	****CF-7051 and CF-214    **
**Estimates****	****	****        1****	****	****           0.2k**
**Totals****	****	****	****	****        ****	****  4.2 million**
***March 2008 data***

## Sources of Export Data

- Exports
- Automated Export System (AES)
- Canadian Data Exchange
- Shippers Export Declarations (SED)
- Estimates

## Sources of Export Data

-        **Source ****	****	****	****Percent of      Number of**
**	****	****	****	**** ****	****    ****Value****	****    Records**
**AES****	****	****  ****	****         78****	****	****1,743k**
**Canada****	****	****      ****	****         20****	****	****   885k**
**Paper SED****	**** ****	****           0****	****	****     26k**
**Estimates****	****	****           2****	****	****    0.5k**
**Totals****	****	****	****       ****	****	****    2.7 million**
***March 2008 data***

## Sources of Data

- Editing at point of collection
- Data are edited at point of collection
- Ensures best quality data
- Subset of what is edited post collection

## Processing

- Overview
- Prepare for editing
- Edit
- Resolve errors
- Categorize and aggregate the data

## Prepare Records for Editing 

- Combine Sources
- Reformat data to uniform structure
- Identify Non-statistical transactions
- Low value records

## Prepare Records for Editing

- Statistical time periods
- Imports - Release date
- Exports - Clearance date
- Statistical month
- Carryover

## Prepare Records for Editing

- Preliminary Alterations
- Recode commodities as necessary
- Convert quantities
- Convert Schedule B from HTSUSA (exports only)

## Prepare Records for Editing

- Apply Corrections to Data
- Customs corrections
- Filer corrections

## Editing 

- Overview
- Code Validations
- Consistency Checks
- Ratio Edits
- Maximums and Minimums

## Editing 

- Code Validations
- We validate codes with lookup tables that are updated monthly as changes are made
- Harmonized System commodity
- Country of origin
- Foreign port
- U.S. port
- Special Program Indicators (imports)

## Editing

- Consistency Checks
- Commodity-specific consistency checks
- 	Example:  import bananas from Greenland
- Mode of Transportation and Port of Unlading relationship

## Editing

- Ratio Edits
- Verify numeric data by computing ratios
- Check ratios against commodity-specific ranges
- Several types of ratio edits
- Quantity to value
- Quantity to shipping weight/value to shipping weight
- First quantity to second quantity for shipments requiring two quantities

## Editing

- Ratio Edits
- Unit price example - Fireworks
- We edit the quantity using unit price parameters of 0.663966/kg and $30.165/kg
- We expect a $40,000 shipment of fireworks from China to have a quantity between 1,326 kg and 60,244 kg
- $10,000,000 / 10,000,000 kg

## Editing

- Maximums and Minimums
- General Maximums
- Shipping weight exceeds what the mode of transportation can carry
- Commodity-specific maximums
- Maximum shipping weights
- Example:  20 kilograms of diamonds unlikely
- Maximum values
- Maximum quantities

## Editing

- Commodity Specific Parameters
- 2.7 million parameters
- Files containing editing parameters by commodity
- Flexible – can easily make necessary changes to parameters

## Editing

- Error resolution
- Cannot review every erroneous record
- Analysts review records that have the most impact
- Edit programs impute the other records

## Editing

- Imputation
- Impute a new quantity or shipping weight from a factor and value or previously edited field
- Unit price example
- 		1,000 kg of fireworks valued at $40,000 	would reject our edit.  Using 	an imputation 	factor of $4.51/kg, the edit program would 	change quantity to 8,853 kg.

## Editing

- Analyst review
- Contact the filer
- Ensure correct classification
- Bypass the edits

## Editing

- Analyst Review
- Review data by grouping individual records
- Aggregate by commodity to determine if total values and quantities are reasonable
- Utilize control files
- Compare measures to previous months – look for missing or misreported data and identify processing problems

## Import Data Categories

- Consumption Entry
- Warehouse/FTZ Withdrawal
- Admission to Warehouse/FTZ
- General Imports are Consumption Entry and Admission to Warehouse/FTZ
- Consumption imports are Consumption Entry and Warehouse/FTZ Withdrawal

## Import Data Categories

**Usually **
- Imports for Consumption <= General Imports
- _Remember:_
- Consumption = Consumption+withdrawals
- General = Consumption+admissions

## Why would Consumption be greater than General Imports?

**Goods processed in a FTZ **
- 	Example: Petroleum entered in FTZ
_**General import**_ stats would show Ch 27 when goods admitted to FTZ
- Petroleum is processed in the zone, creating byproducts classified in Ch 25
- Therefore _**imports for consumption**_ are based on what EXITS the zone (Ch 25)

## Why would Consumption be greater than General Imports?

- Petroleum processed in a FTZ could result in:
**Chapter 27**
- General import stats **>** Consumption stats
**Chapter 25**
- General Import stats **<** Consumption stats

## Export Data Categories 	

- Domestic
- Merchandise grown, produced or manufactured in the U.S.
- Foreign merchandise changed in the U.S.
- Foreign (re-export)
- Foreign merchandise, entered for consumption or into a warehouse or FTZ, that is unchanged at the time of export
- Published exports are domestic exports and foreign exports

## Data Categories

- Noncontiguous trade
- PR and VI trade with U.S. are Non-contiguous exports (separate data product)

## ACE Portal

- Several sources of data
- Not seeing all of the data (Paper and AFTZRP)
- Estimate low value shipments

## ACE Portal

- The data are categorized by Entry Types
- Double counting trade into and out of warehouses and Foreign Trade Zones

## ACE Portal

- We make changes to the data during processing
- Non-statistical data are not published
- Data corrections are not seen at the time filing
- Alterations to the data occur after the data are extracted from the source
- Multi-line reporting

## ACE Portal

- Time periods
- Late filings are received and published at yearly revisions
- Early filings are held until the next processing month

## Data Processing and Editing

- Questions please!
- _[Andrew.S.Jennings@census.gov](mailto:Andrew.S.Jennings@census.gov)_
- (301)763-7041

## The 

**The **
**United States – Canada Data Exchange**
**Helen Hong**
**Process Coordination Staff **
**U.S. Census Bureau**
**June 18, 2008**
- _[Helen.Hong@census.gov](mailto:Helen.Hong@census.gov)_

**Notes:**
Good morning, my name is Helen Hong

I will talk about the

United States – Canada Data Exchange.

## Agreement between the governments of the United States and Canada 
based on a 
Memorandum of Understanding (MOU)

***based on a ***
_***Memorandum of Understanding***_*** (MOU)***

***What***** is the United States – Canada Data Exchange?**

**Notes:**
Basically, agreement between 
2 countries

Based on WRITTEN document called
Memorandum of Understanding or 

MOU

## Who is Involved?

- _UNITED STATES_
- ° U.S. Census Bureau (BOC)
- ° U.S. Customs & Border Protection  (CBP)
- _CANADA_
- ° Statistics Canada (STC)
- ° Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA)

**Notes:**
4 agencies

2 statistical
2 Customs

## How Does It Work?

*The United States and Canada exchange each other’s *_***Import***_* statistics to publish their respective Export statistics; i.e.,*
- U.S. Exports to Canada =
- Canadian Imports from the U.S.
*and*
- Canadian Exports to the U.S. =
- U.S. Imports from Canada

**Notes:**
Each country SHARES its IMPORT data
To be used as the other country’s EXPORT data

I visualize NORTH-SOUTH exchange

What we send NORTH is what Canada brings in from the SOUTH, conversely
What Canada sends SOUTH is what we bring in from the NORTH

## Why Was It Created?

- ‣ Rise in Export _*under coverage*_
- ‣ Decrease _*operating costs*_ to
- 	process 	Export Declarations
- ‣ Eliminate _*reporting burden*_ of Exporters
- ‣ _*L*__*ocation*_* *and* *_*language*_ of both countries

**Notes:**
SEVERAL reasons
~ Late 70s/early 80s, both countries noticed increase in Export UNDER COVERAGE 
~ to Decrease COSTS and eliminate REPORTING BURDEN, 
~ IMPORT data tends to be more accurate due to Collection of Duties
~ COOPERATION, language, border make exchange relatively easy

## What Is Special About the Data Exchange?

- » *Valuable data source*
- » *Expansive data coverage*
- » *Unique working relationship*
- »* **Data used for** *_*statistical*_* *_*purposes*_* **only*

**Notes:**
~ #1 trading partner; 1/5 U.S. export value;    ~ 1/3 U.S. export transactions to Canada 
~ fairly large % of data w/one country and one source; data sharing is beneficial
~ much less under coverage due to data exchange; import data “cleaner”
~ Staff in frequent contact to verify accuracy of data; STC staff very cooperative
~ MOU signed by 4 agencies; can only be used for STATISTICAL PURPOSES
(i.e., not for enforcement)

## What Are Some Differences in the Data Exchange?

**What Are Some *****Differences***** in the Data Exchange?**

- °  *Port Codes*
- °  *State of Export*
- °  *Vendor vs. Exporter*

**Notes:**
Obviously, 100% of data does not match because there are some differences:

~ port codes may not make sense 
w/ MOT
~ state of export may differ
~ field name definitions
~ corrections made

## > STC transmits files 
	twice per month

> Adjustments are required

- 	twice per month
- > *Adjustments* are required

**How Do We *****Receive***** Canadian Import Data?**

**Notes:**
Receive data from STC twice a month
(peel 1 ~ mid-month; peel 2 - ~ 1 week later)

Some adjustments to the data needed

## What Kind of Adjustments?

- * Freight Charges
- * Currency Conversion
- * Exports of Foreign Goods to Canada
- * Exports of U.S. Goods to Canada from Third Party Countries
- * Revisions

**Notes:**
5 types of adjustments
that I will discuss in more detail.

1) Freight charges
2) Currency conversion
3& 4) Two types of exports to Canada
5) Revisions

## Freight Charges

*▪**  *_*Included*_ in U.S. Exports
*▪ ** *_*Excluded*_ in Canadian Imports
*▪**  *Added to compensate for difference in valuation

**Notes:**
U.S. includes freight charges to Export value; however, 
Canada does not include freight charges to Import value.

Therefore, Canada makes an adjustment to account for the difference in value
(before transmitting data back to U.S.)
(~2.2% of value in March 2008)

## ~ U.S. Federal Reserve’s 
	monthly exchange rate

~ STC converts to U.S. dollars;  
	transmits data to BOC

- 	monthly exchange rate
- ~ STC converts to U.S. dollars;
- 	transmits data to BOC

**Currency Conversion**

**Notes:**
Usually on 1st working day of the month, 
We send exchange rate for the current month

STC converts values for Canadian imports from U.S. (reported in $CAD)

Transmits data in $USD (for U.S. exports to Canada)

## Exports of Foreign Goods to Canada

- • Transmitted from STC
- •  BOC *includes* these goods
- 	in U.S. export statistics

**Notes:**
e.g., I buy 100 pairs of Italian shoes; keep 10 pairs, sell the rest to my friend who owns a store in Canada.  
Country of origin – Italy; shipment – U.S.
Counts as: 
U.S.–Import from Italy (original purchase)
foreign export to Canada (sale); however, 
Canada – Import from Italy (NOT U.S.) (purchase)

DOES NOT MATCH; adjustment needed

## Exports of U.S. Goods to Canada from Third Party Countries

- •	Transmitted from STC
- •  BOC *excludes* these
- 	goods from U.S. export statistics

**Notes:**
e.g., Now, I sell some American made clothes to a store in Spain; then, that store sells some of the clothing to my friend’s store in Canada.
Country of origin – U.S.; shipment – U.S. 
Counts as:
Canada – U.S. Import from Spain as the third party country (purchase); however
U.S. – domestic export to Spain (sale); NOT Export of U.S. goods to Canada from Spain as third party country; excludes from export stats
DOES NOT MATCH; adjustment needed

## Revisions

- • Estimates for Late Arrivals
- • Corrections from STC
- • Corrections Made by BOC

**Notes:**
Last adjustment is revisions; 

3 types

## Estimates for Late Arrivals 

- • STC sends with
- 	second transmittal
- • Estimates *replaced* with actual values the following month in the FT-900 press release only

**Notes:**
In the second transmittal, STC sends
(2 recs; vehicles&misc. values); ~$300M
Estimate values that will not be included in time before closing out the month.

Actual values are sent the following month (peel 2); replace the estimates from the prior month.

In FT-900 press release; ® for revised

##      Corrections from STC

- • STC sends with
- 	second transmittal
- • Corrections from
*	**first* transmittal
- • Applied automatically and manually

**Notes:**
Also in second transmittal, STC sends: 
 New data
 Corrections from the first transmittal for the current month
 Corrections from prior month to replace the late arrival estimates

Some applied automatically and others manually

## Corrections Made By BOC

- • Commodity analysts verify
- 	corrections with their
- 	STC counterparts
- • Corrections made prior
- 	to publication, when possible

**Notes:**
Commodity Analysis Branch of (CAB) analysts sometimes request verification of data for U.S. exports to Canada (rejects)

STC analysts contact Canadian importers; relay information back

CAB analysts are not permitted to contact Canadian importers directly due to policy of MOU
Corrections made manually

## ???  Questions   ???

- Helen Hong
- Helen.Hong@census.gov

## Country Issues

- Diane Oberg
- June 18, 2008
- diane.c.oberg@census.gov

## Topics

- Definition of Partner Country
- Special Cases
- Trade Statistics do NOT Follow the Money
- Why Bilateral Statistics Differ

## Partner Country

- Exports – Country of Ultimate Destination as known at time of export

## Partner Country

- Imports – Country of Origin
- Where grown, mined or manufactured
- Where last “substantially transformed”
- Legal Definition – tariffs, quotas, preferences
- CROSS – Customs Rulings Online Search System

## Imports from A

- Goods produced in and exported from A
- Goods produced in A incorporating foreign components if “substantially transformed” under U.S. rules
- Goods produced in A by affiliates of U.S. or foreign firms

## Imports from A

- Need not have been exported from A
- A exports to distributor in B, which sells to U.S.
- A: export to B, B: export to U.S.; U.S.: import from A
- A exports used U.S.-built aircraft to B
- A: export to B:, B: import from U.S.
- May have been subject to further processing, packaging or finishing

## Trade Statistics Do NOTFollow the Money

- Goods manufactured in A under contract to firm from country B – country of origin = A
- Firm in B purchases U.S. goods & directs shipment to A – A: Import from U.S.;
- A may not be involved in B’s imports from A
- Multi-country production – attributed to single country of origin

## Special Cases

- Re-imports – reported under HS 9801 – imports from country of shipment
- Country of origin undetermined – imports from country of shipment
- ISO Coding Errors

## In-Transit Goods

- U.N. Guidelines – exclude goods moving under customs bond from statistics
- Shipper may choose to enter and re-export
- EX: Goods transiting U.S. between Canada & Mexico
- Import from Canada
- Re-export to Mexico

## Bilateral Statistics

- Will rarely match
-  UN Guidelines
- Country of Origin vs. Country of Destination
- Valuation
- Reconciliation Studies – on web site

## Major Sources of Discrepancy

- Indirect trade/Re-imports/Re-exports/Multi-country production  (Imports from A/Follow $)
- System of Trade
- Coverage Differences
- Valuation Differences
- Low-value shipments
- Chapter 98/99

## System of Trade

- General Trade – as crosses border
- Special Trade– excludes bonded warehouses and free trade zones
- 1989 European reconciliation $307 million in refined oil exported from warehouses

## Definition of Country

- Which territories/possessions are included
- e.g. Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands
- 1989 EU Reconciliation – Monaco, San Marino
- Special cases
- 1992 Korean Reconciliation
- Integrated circuits re-exported by U.S.
- $167 million – Korea credited to U.S. as country of origin could not be determined

## Coverage Differences

- Differences in commodities/types of transactions included
- Leases
- Repairs
- Confidentiality practices
- Re-imports
- US – records by country of shipment
- Some countries – import from themselves

## Valuation Differences

- Partner country imports are usually c.i.f.
- U.N. guidelines
- Will be higher than exports
- Treatment of assists and other adjustments
- Third party markups

## Low Value Shipments

- Many countries use low-value threshold
- Some exclude without estimation

## Chapter 98/99

- Nationally Defined – may include:
- Confidentiality suppressions
- Re-imports
- Low value
- Repairs
- Miscellaneous exports
- Values can be significant
- Partner country values likely in HS 1-97

## Partner Country Data

-   1992 U.S. – Japan Trade

|  | Eastbound | Westbound |
| --- | --- | --- |
| U.S. Imp/Exp | $97,414 M | $47,813 M |
| Japan Exp/Imp | $95,793 M | $52,230 M |
| Difference | -1.7 % | 9.2 % |

## U.S.- Japan Reconciliation – 1992(values in $millions)

| U.S. Published Exports | 47,813 |
| --- | --- |
| Re-exports | -1,921 |
| Timing | -406 |
| Insurance and Freight | 4,084 |
| Imports from 3rd countries | 624 |
| Japan’s re-imports | 987 |
| Puerto Rico/U.S. Virgin Is. | -458 |
| Low value shipments | -213 |
| Other/Residual | 1,720 |
| Japan’s Published Imports | 52,230 |

## U.S.- Japan Reconciliation – 1992(values in $millions)

| U.S. Published Imports | 97,414 |
| --- | --- |
| Re-imports | -776 |
| Imports from 3rd countries | -1,790 |
| Shipping Containers | 180 |
| Re-exports | 1,869 |
| Puerto Rico/US Virgin Islands | -776 |
| Low Value | -733 |
| Residual | 405 |
| Japan’s Published Exports | 95,793 |

## Any questions ?

## Methods Research & Quality Assurance Branch 

- Sherri Ewing
- June 18, 2008
- U.S. Census Bureau

**Port and **
**Mode of Transportation Data**

## Objectives

-  District/Port Data Definitions
-  Mode of Transportation (MOT)
-  Data Quality Issues

## What is a Port Code?

- A 4 digit number consisting of the customs District and Port
_**13**__**01**_

- District

- Port

## Port Data Definitions

- Port of Exportation
- Vessel or Air – Customs port where merchandise is loaded and taken out of the country
- Vessel could be containerized or non containerized
- Overland – Customs port where merchandise crosses the U.S. border into foreign territory

## Port Data Definitions Cont.

-  Import Port of Entry
- The port in which merchandise clears Customs for entry into consumption, bonded warehouses, or Foreign Trade Zones
-  Import Port of Unlading
- The port where merchandise is unloaded from the importing vessel or aircraft

## Mode of Transportation (MOT)

-  Transportation Statistics Categories
- Vessel, Air, and Other Methods
- Based on the MOT by which the merchandise arrives in or departs from the United States
- We obtain this information from the documentation the filers provide
- Other methods are available for certain publications (i.e. rail vs. truck or container vs. non container for vessel)

## Mode of TransportationCont.

- Entering/Departing through Canada & Mexico
- Recorded under the MOT by which they enter or depart the U.S. regardless of the transportation mode for the rest of their journey

## How does a truck get here from China?

- MOT is identified by the method of conveyance that is used when the shipment crosses the border into the U.S.
- Example: China  Canada on vessel, then Canada  U.S. on truck
- Over 5% of goods arriving over land originate in countries other than Canada and Mexico

## Reporting of District/Port Data

- Quality Issues:
- Filing
- Imports – data captured at time of entry summary
- Exports – port where shipment is expected to ship from
- Knowledge of Filer
- Airports and Seaports
- Correcting the obsolete/incorrect codes
- Unknown container status is coded as non-container

## Mail, Pipeline and Other Unknowns

- U.S. Mail
- For exports via U.S. Mail, filers can report any code, but the Census Bureau changes the code to ‘8000’
- The Census Bureau corrects some export shipments that are incorrectly reported as mail (e.g. fire trucks)

## Mail, Pipeline and Other Unknowns

- Pipeline
- For shipments by pipeline, exporters file with the port having jurisdiction for the pipeline

## User-Fee Ports and Nearby Ports

- A lot of small package couriers have their own port codes
- Recoding of courier port codes

## Canadian Data Exchange

- Quality Issue
- We take Canada’s imports for our exports which can lead to inaccurate port code information
- Canada does not collect containerized vessel shipment information for their imports
- Thus for Canadian shipments, all vessel shipments have  unspecified as the container status

## Questions?

- Sherri Ewing
- _Sherri.R.Ewing__[@census.gov](mailto:s@census.gov)_
- (301) 763-3330

## U.S. Census BureauForeign Trade Division

**Quality Issues**
- Alison Gajcowski
- June 18, 2008
- U.S. Census Bureau

## Topics Covered

- Why is Quality Important?
- Sources of Errors
- Carryover
- Revisions

## Why is Quality Important?

- Government Uses:
- Developing the merchandise trade figures
- To appraise and analyze major movements and trends
- To evaluate and plan various programs
- Measure impact of tariff and trade concessions
- Implement and analyze operations under various international agreements

## Why is Quality Important?

- Detailed import data are essential to:
- Correctly assess import duties
- Administer embargoes and quotas
- Restrict counterfeit items entering the country
- Implement control policies
- Detailed export data are necessary to:
- Administer export control and regulatory policies

## Why is Quality Important? 

**Non-government uses:**
- Appraise the general trade situation and outlook
- Perform share-of-the-market analyses and market penetration studies
- Aid in product and market development
- Measure the impact of competition

## Why is Quality Important?

**Transportation industry uses:**
- Market share and penetration analyses
- Anticipating the need for and design of future facilities and equipment

## Sources of Errors

- Reporting errors
- Nonfiling of documentation
- Late filing
- Data capture errors
- Transiting goods
- Underestimation of low value transactions

## Nonfiling of Export Documentation

- Example:
- If exporting to Canada, **NO** documentation of export is required
**BUT** if shipping through Canada to another country documentation is required

## Nonfiling of Export Documentation 

- Increased electronic filing
- Reduces the instances of nonfiling
- Less export paper documents are lost

## Nonfiling of Import Documentation

- Undocumented foreign merchandise entering FTZs
- Should be included in import trade statistics under most imports
- Rail cars
- By law importers of rail cars are not required to report their shipments

## FTZ Withdrawals

- Foreign
- Country

- U.S. Customs
- Territory

- Export documentation should be
- filled out

- Import documentation must be filled out, duties paid

- FTZ

- FTZ

- Shipment in-bond,
- no duties paid

## 	Data Capture

- Automated reporting
- Edits are performed at various stages
- ABI and AES
- Statistics Canada import processing system
- Internal Census Bureau edits

## 	Automated Reporting

**Allows the Census Bureau to receive and compile data quickly**
**Error reduction**
**Exports**
- In 2007 over 98% of transactions filed electronically
- 56% of SEDs contain errors versus only 10% of AES records as of a 2001 study
**Imports**
- In 2007 over 99% of transactions filed electronically
- 37% of Customs Entry Forms 7501 contain errors versus only 8% of ABI records as of a 2001 study

## Classification

- Exports and duty free imports are not scrutinized as closely for proper classification
- 80% of imports are duty free

## Reasons for Misclassification

- Typos
- Duty avoidance
- Not understanding the classification system

-  * ABI and AES utilize edits to detect misreporting
-    and send error messages to the filers*

## Low Value Estimation

- Initially all trade transactions were fully reported
- Value-based exemptions reduced the increasing filer burden
- Value of a shipment is under the exemption level
- Do not have to report full details on imports
- Do not have to report at all for exports
- Low Value Exemptions
- Initially enacted in the early 1960s,
- Have been updated several times since

## Low Value Estimation 

- Amount of detailed records collected from low valued shipments declined
- Value of these shipments is estimated
- Factors based on ratios of low valued shipments to individual country total for past periods
- The factors used
- May no longer be effective
- FTD is researching ways of improving the estimation methods

## Charges

- If a charge is included in the invoice price
- It must be included in the Customs Value
- If an importer does not know the exact value of all charges
- Charges must be estimated
- For items excluded from Customs value
- The filer must have documentation
- Actual value may be overstated

## Carryover

- Trade records received and/or processed too late for inclusion with records in the correct transaction month
- Current carryover rate (2007 avg)
-  0.29% exports
-  0.77% imports

## Carryover

- Each month in the FT900, the total import, export, trade balance and “end-use” totals for the prior month are adjusted for carryover
- SITC (Standard International Trade Classification) and country detail reports not revised
- Annual revision takes place each June
- SITC and country detail reports are revised

## 			Revisions

- Every June of the current year, FTD publishes an annual revision of the previous year
- Carryover correction
- Corrections resulting from data investigations
- Customs and Canadian revisions

## Conclusion

- FTD continues to monitor the quality of data during collection, processing, and publication.
- We are constantly exploring ways to further improve the quality of international trade data.

## Quality Issues

- Any Questions?
- Alison.Gajcowski@census.gov
- (301)763-7043

## U.S. Census BureauForeign Trade Division

**Profile of U.S. Exporting Companies 2005-2006**
- Ben Shelak
- June 22, 2008
- U.S. Census Bureau

## Released January 11, 2008
Available on FTD Website back to 1996

http://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/aip/index.html#profile

**Available on FTD Website back to 1996**
**http://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/aip/index.html#profile**

***Profile of U.S. Exporters******2005 – 2006***

## Profile of U.S. Exporters 2005 – 2006

_**U.S. Census Bureau News**_
- U.S. Department of Commerce • Washington, D.C. 20230
**FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE**
**8:30 A.M. EST FRIDAY, JANUARY 11, 2008**
**For information contact: **(301) 763-3629                                                                                                     **CB-08-01**
*Kristen S. Corwin or Benjamin Shelak*
**A Profile of U.S. Exporting Companies, 2005 - 2006**

## 
Partially $ponsored by the
International Trade Administration (ITA)

Produced by the Special Projects Branch

Produced by linking export records to the Census Business Register, which contains employment, company types, & company locations

**Partially *****$*****ponsored by the**
**International Trade Administration (ITA)**
**Produced by the Special Projects Branch**
**Produced by linking export records to the Census Business Register, which contains employment, company types, & company locations**

***Profile of U.S. Exporters 2005 – 2006***

## Composition of Total Export Value: 2006

-   Unidentified = Exports that could not be matched to Business Register
-   Identified = Exports that could be matched to the Business Register (Known export value)
-   Other = Low value est., revisions, Gov’t shipments

***Profile of U.S. Exporters 2005 – 2006***

## Profile of U.S. Exporters 2005 – 2006

- The Profile can answer questions such as:
**Value that can be attributed to large manufacturers in 2006**
**Canada’s known export value that can be attributed to companies with 1 to 19 employees**
**Number of companies that exported from Maryland in 2006 and how much known value was exported**

## Profile of U.S. Exporters 2005 – 2006

- Profile Provides Data Users:
**Exporting community’s employment sizes, types of companies, & major foreign markets**
**Top 25 U.S. export countries and multiple country groupings**
**Export value and number of exporters for each state (OM State)**
**Number of employees of identified exporting companies**

## Profile of U.S. Exporters 2005 – 2006

**Profile Characteristics - I**

***Company type – NAICS based***
***      ******(North American Industry Classification System) ***
***	******Manufacturers***
***	******Wholesalers***
***	******Other***
***	******Unclassified***

## Company size - # of employees
Small (0-99 employees)
Medium (100-499 employees)
Large (500 or more employees)

***Small (0-99 employees)***
***Medium (100-499 employees)***
***Large (500 or more employees)***

***Profile of U.S. Exporters 2005 – 2006***

**Profile Characteristics - II**

## 2006 Known Export Value

**2006 Known Export Value**

**By Company Type**

***Profile of U.S. Exporters 2005 – 2006***

## 2006 Top 10 Export Countries

***Profile of U.S. Exporters 2005 – 2006***

- Known Export Value (in billions)

## Profile of U.S. Exporters 2005 – 2006

- 2006
-  Export Concentration

**% of Known Export Value**

## Profile of U.S. Exporters 2005 – 2006

_**Employee Sizes:**_

**Known Export Value         ****($910.5 bil.)**

***Profile of U.S. Exporters 2005 – 2006***

## Profile of U.S. Exporters 2005 – 2006

**How is our data valuable to data users?**
- Example:
- A data user wants to know how many Large sized companies (500+ Employees) export to OPEC countries and how much value is exported.

## Profile of U.S. Exporters 2005 – 2006

**Special requests for data:**
- We may be able to provide special tabulations that are not included in the Profile.
**Example:**
- A data user wanted to know the number of U.S. companies  that exported to Central American Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA) countries in a given year.
- Table 5a of the Profile did not provide export data on these CAFTA countries, so we compiled the data for the data user.

## Profile of U.S. Exporters 2005 – 2006

**The EDB Team**
**Kristen Corwin**
**Ben Shelak**
- (301)763-3629

## Profile of U.S. Exporters 2005 – 2006

- Any Questions?

## U.S. Census BureauForeign Trade Division

**Origin of Movement Export State**
**Origin State, ZIP Code & Sub-state Data**
- John Chantis
- June 18, 2008
- U.S. Census Bureau

## Background:

Origin of Movement (OM) State – Based on 
  	Origin State “State OM”

Origin of Movement (OM) State – Based on 
	ZIP Code “ZIP Code OM”

http://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/statistics/state/index.html

- Origin of Movement (OM) State – Based on
-   	Origin State “State OM”
- Origin of Movement (OM) State – Based on
- 	ZIP Code “ZIP Code OM”
- http://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/statistics/state/index.html

## Background:

For more information call Data Dissemination Branch 301-763-2311

- For more information call Data Dissemination Branch 301-763-2311

## Based on Origin State:
Available 1987-Present

Based on the state in which the goods begin their journey to the port of export

Does not represent the production origin of U.S. export merchandise

- Available 1987-Present
- Based on the state in which the goods begin their journey to the port of export
- Does not represent the production origin of U.S. export merchandise

## Origin State examples:
Goods warehoused in GA  transported to a FL port to be shipped to a foreign country.  OM state is......GA

Auto parts produced from many states are consolidated in TX to be exported to Mexico.  OM state is...... TX.

- Goods warehoused in GA  transported to a FL port to be shipped to a foreign country.  OM state is......GA
- Auto parts produced from many states are consolidated in TX to be exported to Mexico.  OM state is...... TX.

## Origin of Movement (OM) State Series – Based on Origin State

Available in our monthly FT900 Press Release, supplement, exhibit 2

Web address:
      http://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/Press-Release/current_press_release/exh2s.pdf

More detailed information

- Available in our monthly FT900 Press Release, supplement, exhibit 2
- Web address:
-       http://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/Press-Release/current_press_release/exh2s.pdf
- More detailed information

## Based on ZIP Code:
Available January 2006 - Present

The ZIP Code of the USPPI, the party in the US that receives the primary benefit 
	from the shipment

Does not necessarily represent the location of the USPPI

- Available January 2006 - Present
- The ZIP Code of the USPPI, the party in the US that receives the primary benefit
- 	from the shipment
- Does not necessarily represent the location of the USPPI

## ZIP Code State examples:

Goods warehoused in GA  transported to a FL port to be shipped to a foreign country.  ZIP state is ...GA. 

Auto parts produced from many states are consolidated in TX to be exported to Mexico.  ZIP state is not ...TX. 

- Goods warehoused in GA  transported to a FL port to be shipped to a foreign country.  ZIP state is ...GA.
- Auto parts produced from many states are consolidated in TX to be exported to Mexico.  ZIP state is not** **...TX.

## ZIP Code Based report:
Similar to FT-900 supplement, exhibit 2 press release; available on our website:
	http://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/statistics/state/zip/index.html

- Similar to FT-900 supplement, exhibit 2 press release; available on our website:
- 	_[http://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/statistics/state/zip/index.html](http://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/statistics/state/zip/index.html)_

## OM State vs. ZIP Based State(in millions of dollars)

**2007**

- Q1 = -10.98  Median = -3.15  Q3 = 6.18
- #States within (-10%, 10%) = 28

## OM State vs. ZIP Based State(in millions of dollars)

**February 2008**

- Q1 = -14.49  Median = -2.65  Q3 = 8.08
- #States within (-10%, 10%) = 22

## Other available state data products:

FTD - Quarterly and Annual OM & ZIP state data on CDROM. Please call our Current Systems Programming Branch on 301-763-2214.  Available in three options....

	Option 1: State by 3-Digit NAICS Commodity by                      	Country (Total, Air and Vessel). 
	Option 2: Region by 4-Digit SITC, District/Port of 	Exit, & Country (Total, Air & Vessel). 
	Option 3: State by District/Port of Exit, & Country 	(Total, Air & Vessel)- No Commodity Detail

- FTD - Quarterly and Annual OM & ZIP state data on CDROM. Please call our Current Systems Programming Branch on 301-763-2214.  Available in three options....
- 	Option 1: State by 3-Digit NAICS Commodity by                      	Country (Total, Air and Vessel).
- 	Option 2: Region by 4-Digit SITC, District/Port of 	Exit, & Country (Total, Air & Vessel).
- 	Option 3: State by District/Port of Exit, & Country 	(Total, Air & Vessel)- No Commodity Detail

## Other products ... 

Manufacturing and Construction Division (MCD) -  Gives exports by state and 3 digit NAICS. Available online at http://www.census.gov/mcd/exports/. 

- Manufacturing and Construction Division (MCD) -  Gives exports by state and 3 digit NAICS. Available online at _[http://www.census.](http://www.census.gov/mcd)__[gov](http://www.census.gov/mcd)__[/](http://www.census.gov/mcd)__[mcd](http://www.census.gov/mcd)__/exports/._

## Sub-State Data

Data historically based on Metropolitan Area (MA).

MA’s are now called Core Based
   Statistical Area (CBSA) by Office of
   Management & Budget (OMB).

New definitions for CBSA’s were announced by OMB on June 2003.

- Data historically based on Metropolitan Area (MA).
- MA’s are now called Core Based
-    Statistical Area (CBSA) by Office of
-    Management & Budget (OMB).
- New definitions for CBSA’s were announced by OMB on June 2003.

## Sub-State Data

CBSA’s based on zip code of US Principal Party in Interest (USPPI).

CBSA’s now cover areas of 10 to 50   thousand population, which were not    covered by MA’s.

CBSA codes increase coverage to about   93% of the population vs 80% with MA’s.

- CBSA’s based on zip code of US Principal Party in Interest (USPPI).
- CBSA’s now cover areas of 10 to 50   thousand population, which were not    covered by MA’s.
- CBSA codes increase coverage to about   93% of the population vs 80% with MA’s.

## Sub-State Data
In 2006 completed a quality review and disclosure analysis of 3-digit ZIP Codes, CBSA Metro, and other tables based on 2005 data

Historically, under contract, we have produced data for ITA 

To date we provided 3-digit ZIP Code & CBSA Metro totals for 2005 & 2006 Export data to ITA http://ita.doc.gov/td/industry/otea/metro/

- In 2006 completed a quality review and disclosure analysis of 3-digit ZIP Codes, CBSA Metro, and other tables based on 2005 data
- Historically, under contract, we have produced data for ITA
- To date we provided 3-digit ZIP Code & CBSA Metro totals for 2005 & 2006 Export data to ITA http://ita.doc.gov/td/industry/otea/metro/

## Next Steps...
Nearing completion of our analysis to provide data to ITA based on 2007 trade. 

The current contract calls for CBSA by 3-digit NAICS, CBSA by Destination, CBSA by 3-digit NAICS by Destination, and other tables of trade totals. 

2007 CBSA data will be available mid to late 2008.

- Nearing completion of our analysis to provide data to ITA based on 2007 trade.
- The current contract calls for CBSA by 3-digit NAICS, CBSA by Destination, CBSA by 3-digit NAICS by Destination, and other tables of trade totals.
- 2007 CBSA data will be available mid to late 2008.

## For more information:

- John.Chantis@Census.gov
- Special Projects Branch
-  Foreign Trade Division
- (301) 763-3251
- _[www.census.gov/foreign-trade/www/](http://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/www/)_

## Any Questions?

## FTD Website & Data Products

- Joe Kafchinski
- _[joseph.e.kafchinski@census.gov](mailto:joseph.e.kafchinski@census.gov)_
- 301-763-2311

## www.census.gov/trade

- AES
- Regulations
- Reference
- Schedule B Search Engine
- Statistics

## AESwww.census.gov/aes

- Getting Started
- Document Library
- Contact FTD AES Branch

## Regulationshttp://www.census.gov/traderegs

- Trade Regulations
- Meetings and Presentations (Training)
- Contact FTD Regulations Branch

## Referencewww.census.gov/tradereference 

- Announcements & Information Papers
- Codes
- FAQs
- Guides
- Catalog

## Referencewww.census.gov/tradereference 

- Announcements & Information Papers
- Merchandise Trade Reconciliations
- Presentations

## Referencewww.census.gov/tradereference 

- Codes
- Schedules B, C(ountry), D(istrict/port)
- Concordance: SITC, End-use, USDA, NAICS, ATP
- Trade Agreement Program codes & descriptions

## Referencewww.census.gov/tradereference 

- FAQs
- General (Release dates, etc.)
- AES/Regulations
- Downloading data

## Referencewww.census.gov/tradereference 

- Guides
- Guide to Foreign Trade Statistics
- Program description
- Quantity abbreviations, Conversion tables
- Country Groupings
- Foreign Trade Statistics Security Guidelines
- Revision procedure

## Referencewww.census.gov/tradereference 

- Product catalog
- Links and descriptions for online data products
- Description of standard data products and link to online order form

## Schedule B Search Enginewww.census.gov/scheduleb

- Browse current and previous year’s Schedule B book
- Keyword search
- Download ASCII version of the entire book
- View code changes between current and previous year

## Statisticswww.census.gov/tradestats 

- Press Releases
- Highlights
- Country/Product Data
- State Exports
- Historical Time Series
- Notices & Corrections
- Data Products

## FT900www.census.gov/ft900 

- FT900: U.S. International Trade in Goods and Services
- Trade Balance
- Seasonally Adjusted, Constant Dollar, Not Seasonally Adjusted
- Some commodity, geographic detail
- Released approx. 42 days after end of the statistical month

## FT900Awww.census.gov/foreign-trade/Press-Release/steel_index.html

- FT900A: U.S. Imports for Consumptionof Steel Products
- Steel Groupings as defined by the American Iron and Steel Institute
- Commodity and Country summary and detail files
- Preliminary: ~ 25-30 days after end of month
- Final: Released with FT900

## FT920www.census.gov/foreign-trade/Press-Release/ft920_index.html

- FT920: U.S. Merchandise Trade:Selected Highlights
- Domestic and Foreign Exports
- General, Consumption, Customs, CIF, Dutiable Imports
- Country and Customs District summary
- Released with FT900

## Related Party Tradewww.census.gov/foreign-trade/Press-Release/related_party/

- Imports and Exports by Related Parties
- Link to Related Party Database Application
- Domestic Exports, Imports for Consumption
- NAICS6, All countries, 2000 - 2007
- Annual Reports
- Domestic Exports, Imports for Consumption
- Limited country and commodity summary

## Exporter Profilewww.census.gov/foreign-trade/aip/index.html#profile

- Profile of U.S. Exporting Companies
- Annual Reports
- Exports by company type and employment size
- Exports to related parties
- Selected countries and world areas
- State of Origin

## Trade Highlightswww.census.gov/foreign-trade/statistics/highlights/

- Top Trading Partners
- Current Month
- Year-to-date
- Congressional Highlights
- Monthly and Annual Press Highlights

## Country and Product Trade Datawww.census.gov/foreign-trade/statistics/country/

- Special Reports
- Advanced Technology Products (ATP)
- End-Use
- NAICS
- SITC
- Top Trading Partners
- Trade in Goods by Country
- Trade w/ Puerto Rico and U.S. Possessions

## Country and Product Trade Datawww.census.gov/foreign-trade/statistics/country/

- All Country and Product data is not seasonally adjusted
- Some data is revised

## Special Reportswww.census.gov/foreign-trade/statistics/country/sreport/textile.html

- U.S. Imports of Textiles, Textile Products and Apparel
- NAICS6 detail, totals
- Total imports by country
- NAICS6 detail from China
- Unrevised

## Advanced Technology Productswww.census.gov/foreign-trade/statistics/country/

- 10 ATP Categories
- Monthly, December 2003 – present, unrevised

| 01 – Biotechnology | 06 – Flexible Manufacturing |
| --- | --- |
| 02 – Life Science | 07 – Advanced Materials |
| 03 – Opto-Electronics | 08 – Aerospace |
| 04 – Information & Communications | 09 – Weapons |
| 05 – Electronics | 10 – Nuclear Technology |

## End-Usewww.census.gov/foreign-trade/statistics/country/

- 5-digit End-Use
- Exports and Imports
- Annual data, last 5 years (revised)

## NAICS Web Applicationcenstats.census.gov/naic3_6/naics3_6.shtml

- NAICS 3- & 6-digit
- Exports and Imports
- Exports; General, Consumption, Census, CIF Imports
- Monthly, January 2000 – present
- Export to .csv, .xls
- Unrevised

## Top Trading Partnerswww.census.gov/foreign-trade/statistics/country/

- Exports, Imports, Total Trade (Same as Trade Highlights)
- Deficit, Surplus, Total Trade
- Data is as published (unrevised)

## Trade in Goods by Countrywww.census.gov/foreign-trade/balance/

- Exports, Imports and Trade Balance for all countries
- Monthly and Annual, January 1985 – present (where applicable)
- Total trade under “W” (World)
- Revised

## U.S. Trade with Puerto Rico and U.S. Possessionswww.census.gov/prod/www/abs/ftdpr895.html

- Trade *between* the U.S. and its possessions
- These data are *not* part of the import and export statistics
- Annual PDF publication; monthly ASCII text version available for purchase

## State Export Datawww.census.gov/foreign-trade/statistics/state/

- U.S. Exports of Goods by State, ZIP-code Based, January 2006 - present
- State Exports by Country and Commodity
- Top 25 Countries
- Top 25 Commodities
- Based on Origin of Movement
- More data available on USA Trade Online

## Historical Serieswww.census.gov/foreign-trade/statistics/historical/

- Annual Trade Totals, 1960 – present
- Monthly trade, 1993 – present
- Petroleum historical data
- Constant-dollar historical data

## Online Data Distributionwww.census.gov/foreign-trade/statistics/dataproducts/

- Online Order Form
- Foreign Trade Data Downloads
- FTD Dropbox

## FTD Data Downloadswww.census.gov/foreign-trade/download

- All FTD standard data products
- ASCII files
- Subscriptions to current year data
- Unique username & password

## FTD Data Downloadswww.census.gov/foreign-trade/download

- U.S. Exports & U.S. Imports of Merchandise (formerly the DVDs)
- Export and Import Databanks
- State Exports (OM & ZIP)
- Monthly: 6-digit HS
- Quarterly: 3-digit NAICS; State/Region; State/Port
- Port 6-digit HS
- Special Program Indicators (SPI – electronic version of IM146A)
- Trade with Puerto Rico and US Possessions (electronic version of FT895)
- Textile Summary
- Commodity/Geographic/Textile concordances

## FTD Dropboxwww.census.gov/foreign-trade/dropbox/

- Non-standard data products
- Monthly subscriptions
- “1-10”
- Customized data request
- One-time drops for files too large to email

## USA Trade Onlinewww.usatradeonline.gov

- 10-digit HS
- Port/6-digit HS
- State Exports
- NAICS
- ALL DATA IS REVISED

## USA Trade Online – HS 10www.usatradeonline.gov

- 10-digit HS
- Commodity/Country/District
- Value/Quantity/Unit Price
- Monthly:2002 – presentAnnual: 1992 – present

## USA Trade Online – Portwww.usatradeonline.gov

- HS6
- Over 400 seaports, airports and border crossings
- Country of Origin/Destination
- Total Value
- Vessel, Air and Containerized Vessel value and shipping weight
- Monthly, 2003 - present

## USA Trade Online – State Exportswww.usatradeonline.gov

- HS6 and NAICS4
- All 50 States, DC, Puerto Rico & The U.S.Virgin Islands
- Monthly, 2002 - present
- Country of Destination
- Total Value
- Vessel, Air and Containerized Vessel value and shipping weight

## USA Trade Online – NAICSwww.usatradeonline.gov

- 6-Digit NAICS
- Country/District
- Import Values: General Customs, General CIF, Consumption Customs, Consumption CIF Values
- Export Values: Total, Domestic, & Foreign Values
- Balance (Total Export Value – General Customs Import Value)
- Monthly, 2002 - Present