BEE-spoke-data/govdocs1-by-extension huggingface dataset:
# Presentation: 018432

## Fission Track Dating

**Stephanie Owens**
**July 27, 2006**
**Nuclear and Radiochemistry Summer School 2006**

## Introduction

**	****Minerals, glass, petrified wood, sediment, meteorites**
**Comparable to the K-Ar dating method**
**Fission tracks were first observed in mica in 1962**
**Provides cooling age of a material NOT absolute age**
**Tracks form as a result of spontaneous fission, usually ****238****U**

**Introduction**

## Materials

**Materials**

## Assumptions

**  ****Uranium must be homogenous throughout the sample**
**   ****and greater than 0.1 ppm.**
**  ****Lattice structure of the solid must be intact excluding **
**   ****track damage.**
**  ****Chemical weathering must not cause loss of tracks or**
**   ****uranium.**
**  ****Induced fission tracks of ****235****U must not significantly**
**   ****contribute to total tracks.**
**  ****238****U is most significant fission species.**
**  ****The decay constant for spontaneous fission of ****238****U is**
**    ****known.**

## Track Formation

**Track Formation**

## Calculation of Age

**Decay constant for spontaneous fission**

**Density of ****238****U fission tracks**

**Density of ****235****U induced fission tracks**

**Track densities of the sample**

**Track densities of the standard**

## Materials and Time Range

**Materials and Time Range**

## Materials and Time Range

**Materials and Time Range**

## Materials and Time Range

**Materials and Time Range**

## Slide 10

## Slide 11

## Seafloor Spreading

**Seafloor Spreading**

## Meteorites

**Meteorites**

**244****Pu**

## Fission Track Dating

**Stephanie Owens**
**July 27, 2006**
**Nuclear and Radiochemistry Summer School 2006**
# Presentation: 458351

## A Characterization of Approaches to Parrallel Job Scheduling

**A Characterization of Approaches to Parrallel Job Scheduling**

- Backfilling

- Conservative
- Every job is given a reservation when it enters the system and a job is allowed to backfill only if it does not violate any of the previous reservations.
- EASY
- Only the job at the head of the queue is given a reservation and a job is allowed to backfill if it does not violate this reservation

- Backfilling
- A later arriving job is allowed to leap frog previously queued jobs

- Processors

- Processors

- Time

- Time

- Time

- Processors

- We use the following metrics for evaluating the proposed schemes
- Average Slowdown
- Average Turnaround Time
- Utilization
- Effective Utilization

- Metrics

- Jobs are processed in arrival order by the meta-scheduler
- In a heterogeneous context, the site where the job starts the earliest may not be the best site
- In order to get the completion of a job at a particular site, conservative backfilling has to be employed at the local site
- Conservative performs better than aggressive in all case, quite the opposite of a homogenous context
- Improved backfilling caused by holes created due to the dynamic removal of replicated jobs at each site, and an increased number of jobs to attempt to backfill at each site

- Aggressive vs. Conservative

**Gerald Sabin        Rajkumar Kettimuthu ****Arun Rajan                       P Sadayappan****Supported in part by Sandia National Laboratory**
# Presentation: 315213

## The African Monsoon Recent Evolution and Current Status

**Update prepared by**
**Climate Prediction Center / NCEP**
**21 December 2007**

## Outline

** **
** ****Recent Evolution and Current Conditions**
** ****Summary**
** ****Climatology**

## Rainfall Patterns: Last 90 Days

**A rapid southward shift of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) over Africa during late September – early October resulted in below average rainfall in the Guinean highlands of West Africa and an early onset and enhanced rainfall in central and southern Africa.  **

## Rainfall Patterns: Last 30 Days

**As cold ENSO episode continued to dominate the global climate system, moderate to heavy rains persisted over much of southern Africa.  The rainfall enhancement continued to be far greater in the area of largest precipitation amounts over Angola in southwestern southern Africa.  Lighter than average rains sustained moisture deficits over much of Madagascar and along the northern coast of Mozambique. **

## Rainfall Patterns: Last 5 Days

**During the past 5 days, much of the climatologically wet region of southeastern continental Africa received above average rains.  However, rainfall was near average across South Africa.  Light rains continued to result in below average rainfall across Madagascar.  **

## Recent Evolution: Rainfall

**Recent Evolution: Rainfall**

**	****Over the past 30dys, most areas in southern Africa have received more than twice the average rainfall amount for the period.  The exception was southern Madagascar, where rainfall has been below average since late November.   **

## Summary

**A rapid southward retreat of the ITCZ in Africa in late September resulted in below average rainfall in the Guinean highlands of West Africa and above average rainfall in central and southern Africa.**
**The moisture surpluses in southern Africa are partially associated with the cold ENSO episode and persistent warm SSTs in the southwestern Indian Ocean. **
**Below average rains persisted over most of Madagascar.**
# Presentation: 915646

## prs50h: same as current operational except with following changes 

- gfs: current operational model (T382L64)
***prs50h***: same as current operational except with following changes
**NEW Model: ESMF 3.0.1 , LW radiation RRTM1 and Aerosols, SW Radiation Maximum Random Cloud Overlap, SW aerosol, enthalpy , RRTM SW, and **
- a bug fix in snow albedo
- include Alaska glacier ice fix in 2007070618 initial conditions
**NEW GSI: FOTO, variational qc, variance re-weighting, different skin temperature variances over snow/ice and land, and**
- global_gsi: replace version 6 sbuv/2 ozone data with version 8 data
- global_gsi: replace low-res JMA satellite winds with hi-res product (only low-res available in 2005)
- global_gsi: turn on subset of AIRS moisture channels
- global_gsi: Update 3d pressure tendencies based on filtered surface pressure tendencies
- global_gsi: Remove effect of duplicate obs check when applying gross check
- global_gsi: Use correct upper limit on quality mark in routine which down-weights vertically dense observations
- global_gsi: Correct inconsistency in the vertical indexes use in the forward model and inner loop for GPSRO data
- global_gsi: Assimilate WindSAT near surface winds
- global_gsi: Assimilate NOAA-18 SBUV/2 ozone data
*prs35hx*: same as prs50h except only with NEW GSI changes

## Slide 2

## Prs35hx

- Better at day 3

## Slide 4

## Slide 5

## Slide 6

## Slide 7

## Slide 8

## Slide 9

## Slide 10

## Slide 11

## Slide 12

## Slide 13

## Slide 14

## Slide 15

## Slide 16

## Slide 17

## ___ fnl

- .....35hx

## ___ fnl

- .....35hx

## ___ fnl

- .....35hx

## ___ fnl

- .....35hx

## ___ fnl

- .....35hx

## ___ fnl

- .....35hx

## ___ fnl

- .....35hx

## ___ fnl

- .....35hx

## ___ fnl

- .....35hx

## Slide 27

## Slide 28

## Slide 29

## Slide 30

## Slide 31

## ECMWF explains 78% of variance

***ECMWF explains 78% of variance***
***Met Office 72.2% ***
***GFS 71.9%***
***CDAS 52%***

## GFS error 52% of CDAS

***GFS error 52% of CDAS***

## GFS error 62% of cdas

***GFS error 62% of cdas***

## GFS error 73% of cdas

***GFS error 73% of cdas***

## GFS error 86% of CDAS

***GFS error 86% of CDAS***

## ECMWF explains 77% of variance

***ECMWF explains 77% of variance***
***Met Office 71% ***
***GFS 67%***
***CDAS 44%***

## GFS error 52% of CDAS

***GFS error 52% of CDAS***

## GFS error 64% of CDAS

***GFS error 64% of CDAS***

## GFS error 77% of CDAS

***GFS error 77% of CDAS***

## GFS error 86% of CDAS

***GFS error 86% of CDAS***

## Slide 42

## GFS error 63% of CDAS

***GFS error 63% of CDAS***

## GFS error 70% of CDAS

***GFS error 70% of CDAS***

## Slide 45

## GFS error 84% of CDAS

***GFS error 84% of CDAS***

## GFS error 87% of CDAS

***GFS error 87% of CDAS***
# Presentation: 724769

## The argument that mainstream banks and thrifts cannot create an affordable & profitable alternative payday loan product is patent nonsense!

- Michael A. Stegman
- Presented at the
-  Affordable, Responsible Short-Term Credit Conference
- Sponsored by
- Federal Deposit Insurance Corp.
- Washington, DC September 29, 2005

## Why NCSECU experience is important to payday loan debate

- Founded in 1937 with 17 members and $437 in assets, as of 2005, NCSECU has grown to 1.2 million members with more than $12 billion in assets.
- For all intents and purposes, SECU is akin to a big bank or thrift;
- If SECU can successfully market a more benign, affordable, and profitable payday loan product, all banks and thrifts can, if only they wanted to!

## The Supply Side of SALOs

## Comparing SALOs with other credit products

- 52,000 SALOs vs:
- 50,843 home equity lines of credit
- 66,730 1st mortgage loans
- 113,200 active credit card accounts
- 151,600 open end personal loans

## Argument that conventional financial institutions cannot create a profitable payday loan alternative is patent nonsense!

- North Carolina State Employees Credit Union (SECU) created the Salary Advance Loan (SALO) in 2001
- Since inception:
- more than 52,000 customers
- More than 1 million advances to date
- $400 million total volume
- 11.75%/12% APR (1/40th of typical payday loan APR)
- $2.5 million in earned interest since inception
- Net loss of $1 million in SALO principal
- Net income of $1 million since inception
- Average monthly volume is $12-$13 million

## Basic economics of SALO program

| Program Element |  |
| --- | --- |
| Interest Rate | 12.0% (11.75% original) |
| Loan Losses | (0.27%) |
| Cost of Funds | (1.51%) (2.75% historical) |
| SECU Operating Costs | (2.0%) |
| To Retained Earnings | 8.22%  |

## Benchmarking SALOs 

- Characteristics of SALOs
- $500 maximum advance
- $380 -- average advance
- 28 days – average term
- 11.75%/12% -- APR
- 5% -- Amount of SALO must be deposited into special SALO savings account (instituted in March 2003)
- 6 months – duration of suspension of SALO privileges for 		withdrawing money from SALO savings account
- 1.40% -- # advances 60 days delinquent
- 0.27% -- 2001-2004 annualized charge-offs as percent of total $ loaned
- 16.5% -- recoveries since program inception as percent of total charge-	offs

## The Demand Side of SALOs

## Who are SALO Customers?

- Gross monthly direct deposit wage/salary of SALO customer is $2,125/month, or $25,500/year.
- 79% of SALO customers have credit scores between 400-584.
- Median age is around 38
- 4% -- SALO customers that have a SECU Credit
- $307 -- average combined SECU share and money market account balances
- 65% -- SALO customers take out monthly advances
# Presentation: 087684

## common pricklyash 

_*Zanthoxylum*_ * *_*americanum*_  P. Mill.
- Synonyms:  _*Zanthoxylum*_ * *_*carolinianum*_*,* * *_*Z.*_* * _*clava-herculis*_*,                                                       *_*Fagra*_ * *_*clava-herculis*_*,* * *_*Xanthoxylum*_ spp.
- Other common names;  pricklyash, American prickly ash, northern prickly ash,                        sea ash, toothache tree, toothache bush, Hercules-club, angelica tree,                                        wild orange, yellowwood, yellow prickly ash, prickly yellowwood, pepperwood.

**MEDICINALLY:**
-  An odoriferous irritant sap, fluidextractum xanthoyli, can be extracted.  An ointment made by mixing it with bear fat was applied to open ulcers and sores.  A poultice was applied for rheumatism, hemorrhages, burns and sharp pains.  A tea made by brewing the berries or bark was used to treat colds, coughs, colic, fever, tuberculosis, backaches, rheumatism, intestinal worms, cancer, childbirth pains, to cleanse wounds and to induce sweat, saliva flow and vomiting.  It was commonly used to treat toothaches.  The bark was ground into powder and placed around the aching tooth.  Larger bark pieces were chewed to break up a diseased tooth before it was removed.  The bark was also smoked to relieve dental pain.

- Photo courtesy of:  John Kasmer.  Northeastern Illinois University.

- Slide developed by Pat Broyles, Soil Conservationist, Manhattan, KS. PMC.  USDA is an equal opportunity employer.
# Presentation: 266172

## Recipes for Irrational Decisions

- Cirrus Design Conference
- Dr. Warren Jensen
- UND Aerospace

## Slide 2

## Decision Bias

- Bias is our preference, based on our prior experience.
- It leads to subconscious assumptions, which can impact the decision process.
- As a result, we make decisions that seem reasonable, but are later viewed as

- Irrational Decisions

## Early information is considered more important or accurate.

**Early information is considered more important or accurate.**

- Early impressions have preference ...

## Humans seek more information than they can absorb in a given time.Humans tend not to extract enough information from sources.

**Humans seek more information than they can absorb in a given time.****Humans tend not to extract enough information from sources.**

## We consider all information to be equally reliable, when it is not.

**We consider all information to be equally reliable, when it is not.**

- Evaluate your sources for reliability...

## We usually consider only three or four options at a time, rather than a larger number.

**We usually consider only three or four options at a time, rather than a larger number.**

## We only consider only a few critical aspects of the problem.

**We only consider only a few critical aspects of the problem.**

## Slide 9

## More information breeds confidence in our decisions, not more accurate decisions.

**More information breeds confidence in our decisions, not more accurate decisions.**

- (Spin)

## We tend to seek information that confirms our choice and avoid information that counters it.

**We tend to seek information that confirms our choice and avoid information that counters it.**

- We prefer to be right, like to prove it.

## We appear to have less confidence in evaluating and choosing alternatives.

**We appear to have less confidence in evaluating and choosing alternatives.**

- Poor options are given
- the ‘benefit of the doubt’.

## What are the implications?

- We need to understand and recognize decision bias as it occurs.
- ‘What are we talking ourselves into here?’
- How can we overcome bias?
- Effective critique
- Replay
- Reconstruct
- Reflect
- Redirect

## Summary

- Human bias in information gathering and decision-making is well known and common.
- Awareness of these biases will aid in avoiding poor decisions.
- Humans will develop strategies to most comfortably address problems, and these strategies may be inadequate.
# Presentation: 074254

## VIMSS Comparative Genomics Web Tools

- Eric Alm1, Katherine H. Huang1, Simon Minovitsky1, Inna Dubchak1 and A. P. Arkin2,3,4
- 1Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Labs, 3Bioengineering Department, University of California-Berkeley, 4Howard Hughes Medical Institute

**Future plans:**
- Several comparative genomics tools will be implemented including:
- * Inference of functional relationships between genes using phylogenetic profiles and gene clusters.
- * Cis-element detection using functional relationships between genes or by "phylogenetic footprinting" across several related genomes.
- Identification of genes likely to be acquired via horizontal transfer events based on GC content, codon usage and phylogenetic distribution.
- VIMSS Comparative Genomics Website is scheduled to go public on August 15, 2003.  Please contact Eric Alm for the latest update: ejalm@lbl.gov

**VIMSS Comparative Genomics website**
- allows access to the comprehensive Microbial Comparative Genomics Database at VIMSS.
- The database currently contains records of all finished prokaryotic genomes from NCBI.  VIMSS automatic genome annotations include operon prediction, PFAM, SMART, and COG assignments as well as "all against all" BLAST results. In addition to finished genomes, the database allows queries against VIMSS target organisms:
- **Shewanella oneidensis* (current status - finished, NCBI)
- **Desulfovibrio vulgaris* (current status - pre-finished, TIGR)
- **Geobacter metallireducens* (current status - draft, JGI)
- 		            **http://escalante.lbl.gov/**

**Search page**
- allows users to find the genes of interest, protein families and genome information.
- Genes can be searched by name, annotation or organism or any combinations thereof.
- Putative protein families can be searched by keywords in COG or Pfam annotation.
- Genome information includes the number of genes, genome size, number of sequenced plasmids, linear/circular chromosome, and sequencing status.

- Search “Histidine Kinase” family in D. vulgaris

- Search keyword “cytochrome” in D. vulgaris

- Comparative Genome Browsesr

- Genome browser displays graphical view of multiple genome alignment.  The alignment is anchored on a gene of interest and its orthologs.

- Navigation bar allows users to zoom in or out, and to shift left or right along the genomes.  The view range of the example is set to 10,000 bases.

- anchors

- Orthologs are shown in the same color.

- A gene is shown in grey if its orthologs are not in view.

- Search protein family uses evidence from COG and PFAM annotations.

- Search results

- Genes are group together in operons.  Blue highlights are putative histidine kinases.

- Highly conserved region among selected genomes are shown in the browser.

- Search genes  by keyword in annotation

- D. vulgaris has gene name  and annotation from TIGR
# Presentation: 685650

## Compliance Timeline for Existing Sources

**National Emission Standards for Industrial, Commercial, and Institutional **
**Boilers and Process Heaters (40 CFR Part 63, Subpart DDDDD)**

**Compliance Report (semiannual) **§63.7550(b)

**Publica-tion Date**

**Initial Notification **§63.7545(b)

**Eligibility to Demonstrate Low Risk for HCl or Mn** Appendix A, #9

**Etc.**

**Conduct Performance Test **§63.7510(d)

**Compliance Date **§63.7495(b)

**Notification of Compliance Status **§63.7545(e)

**7/31/2008**

**1/31/2009 **

**0**

**3/12/2005 (180 days)**

**9/13/2006 (2 years)**

**3/11/2008  (3 years + 180 days)**

**9/13/2007 (3 years)**

**5/11/2008  (3 years + 240 days)**

**Sequence of Performance Test Requirements**

**Notification of Compliance Status (Performance test results)**

- Within 60 days after completing the initial performance test or compliance demonstration §63.7545(e)

- At least 30 days before the performance test is scheduled to begin §63.7545(d)

**Notification of Intent to Conduct a Performance Test and Submit QA/Test plan**

- At least 30 days before the visible emissions/opacity test is scheduled to begin  §63.7545(a)

**Notification of Intent to Conduct a visible emissions/opacity test           **

**Implementation plan for emissions averaging**

- At least 180 days before the date you demonstrate compliance §63.7522(g)(1)

**Site-specific fuel analysis plan**

- At least 60 days before the date you demonstrate compliance §63.7521(b)(1)
# Presentation: 928255

## Incidental Findings in Neuroimaging ResearchPeter A. Bandettini, Ph.D.

## responsible physician puts in orderfor IRB-approved protocol.

- Every new subject admitted to NIH as a patient – undergoes a basic neurological exam.
- Subject signs consent forms. (preg. test)
- clinical screening scan.
- clinical scan review by radiologist.
- results sent to responsible clinician on protocol.
- If IF exists, responsible clinician informs patient.

- Basic fMRI Study Steps at the NIH

## MRI vs. fMRI

**MRI vs. fMRI**

- MRI

- fMRI

- ...

## Clinical Screening Scans

- Fast, IrPrep, TE=MinFull, TI (prep time) =300, FA=17, BW=31.25,
- FOV=24, Slice Thickness=5 skip 0, Matrix =256x192, NEX =2,
- Freq= A/P, Phase FOV = .80
- FSE PDW Series
- Fast Spin Echo, Tailored RF, TE =17, TR =3800,
- Interleave, FOV =24, Phase FOV=.75, ETL=8, Matrix = 256x192, NEX =1
- FSE T2W Series
- Fast Spin Echo, Tailored RF, TE =107, TR =3800, Slice Thickness =5/
- Interleave, FOV=24, Phase FOV =.75, ETL =8, Matrix= 256x192, NEX =1

- -performed once a year
- -takes about 20 minutes
- -good but still not optimal for detection
-  of many pathologies

## Clinical scans:

- Sag 3D SPGR
- Axial 3D SPGR
- Proton Density
- T2

- 1.

- 2.

- 3.

- 4.

## Normal volunteer 22yr old white male with prominent cysterna magna.

- Sagittal

- Axial

## Normal volunteer 48yr old white male with a large left vertebral arteryon figure1 and figure 2 left maxillary sinus mucus retention cyst.

- Figure 1

- Figure 2

## Normal volunteer 33yr white male  with 

- Normal volunteer 33yr white male  with
- abnormal ventricle size.

- Norma

- Normal volunteer 26yr old female
- with a 1.5cm pineal cyst.

## About 2500 research scans performed on each scanner per year on each scanner.

- Many repeat volunteers, therefore about 1000 clinical scans performed a year.
- Roughly 5 incidental findings per 1000.
- A considerable amount of non-research effort is applied
- responsible physician entering in order (within 24 hours of scan)
- pregnancy test (within 24 hours of scan)
- consent forms (on day of scan)
- radiologist viewing clinical scans (once a year for each repeat volunteer)
- neurological exam (on obtaining patient ID)
- Basic record keeping

## Some Issues:

- 1) Two extremes: a) no clinical responsibility in research (no obligation to do clinical screening scans), and b) great clinical responsibility (should even do more: I.e. better clinical scans, etc..).
- We need a reasonable balance between a) and b). By what criteria do we decide this? On one hand even radiologists will miss pathologies given non-optimal clinical scans. On the other hand, some pathologies are obvious to the non-radiologist even with echo planar images.
- 2) Having a standard: It appears that NIH approach is more conservative than academia approach. A universal protocol should be adopted. How would this be done most effectively? How would it be enforced?
- Many more....
# Presentation: 473526

## Nanoscale Self-Organization of Metallic Alloys under Ion IrradiationRobert S. Averback, University of Illinois, DMR 0407958

- Nanoscale Self-Organization of Metallic Alloys under Ion IrradiationRobert S. Averback, University of Illinois, DMR 0407958

_**Significant findings:**_
- We have studied a series of simple dilute Cu eutectic alloys and have determined the location of the phase boundary between patterning and macroscopic phase separation during 1 MeV Kr ion irradiation. . Overall, our work demonstrates the general validity of the dynamic phase diagram illustrated in fig. 1. The remarkable feature is that the phase boundary for macroscopic coarsening appears to be controlled by the thermal diffusion coefficient of the solute, *in absence of irradiation*. Fig. 2, for example, shows the critical temperature for coarsening as a function of the thermal diffusion coefficient of the solute. For Mo, for example, coarsening is not observed even at temperatures over 500C, i.e., 0.62 Tm. These results illustrate that nanostructured alloys, if properly designed, can remain stable even at temperatures where self-diffusion in the host alloy is large, and they open a new perspective for designing radiation resistant materials.

_**References:**_** ****	**1. R. Enrique and P. Bellon, PRL **84**, 2885 (2000).

_**Motivation for the research:**_
- Materials subjected to high temperatures and energetic particle irradiation undergo severe degradation with time, including dimensional instability, solute segregation and embrittlement. Nanostructured materials have long been thought to be resistant to such irradiation damage, but conventional wisdom suggests that these structures will coarsen with time. We are exploring a new approach whereby nanostructuring becomes* the steady state morphology of the system under irradiation*. The dynamic phase diagram below [1]  illustrates under some irradiation conditions, nanoscale patterning is a steady state ( and R refer to irradiation conditions). The key to this approach is shifting the phase boundary between patterning and phase separation to very high temperatures, i.e., small .

|  |
| --- |
# Presentation: 120346

## Environmental Resource Management Systems for Nurseries, Greenhouses and Landscapes

**North Carolina State University  **
**ARS-McMinnville**
**Tennessee State University**
**University of Florida**
**ARS - Ft. Pierce**
**Clemson University**

## Environmental Challenges

- excess nutrients, pesticide displacement and water movement from irrigation
- soil-less substrates, plastic containers and non-permeable groundcovers,
- alter and enhance the off-site movement of pesticides and nutrients.

## Environmental Challenges

- Urban landscape contributes to increased nutrient and pesticides in surface and ground waters.

## Objective 1maximization of nutrient and water utilization efficiency

- Ted Bilderback -  Substrates - NCSU
- Stuart Warren - Physiologist - NCSU
- Donna Fare - Physiologist  -ARS McMinnville
- Chris Cantazara - Horticulturalist -TSU

## Objective 2mitigation of nutrient and pesticide contaminants in off-site drainage

- Chris Wilson - ENTOX - UF
- Tom Yeager - HORT- UF
- Joe Albano - Physiologist -  ARS Ft Pierce FL
-  Ted Whitwell -Pesticides - CU
- Steve Klaine - ENTOX - CU
- Mickey Taylor - ENTOX - CU
- Bob Polomski - HORT - CU

## Objective 3ornamentals to improve water quality in nurseries and urban landscape

- Steve Klaine - Environmental Toxicology - CU
- Mickey Taylor - Environmental Toxicology - CU
- Bob Polomski - Horticulture - Landscape plants - CU
- Ted Whitwell - Pesticides/Herbicides - CU

## GOALS

- Economical methods to improve exiting water quality.
- Self-contained and self-remediating with respect to runoff water.
- Increase production efficiency.
- New markets for ornamental plants, and the development of a better selection of landscape plants.
- Transfer technology for implementation of the strategies and methodologies developed in this research.
# Presentation: 487600

## Volcanic Ash Collaboration Tool (VACT)Jeff Osiensky, NOAA/NWS Anchorage VAAC

- Volcanic Ash Collaboration Tool (VACT)*Jeff Osiensky, NOAA/NWS Anchorage VAAC*
*Lynn Sherretz, NOAA Forecast Systems Laboratory*
*Greg Pratt, NOAA Forecast Systems Laboratory*
*David J. Schneider, USGS Alaska Volcano Observatory**2**nd** International Conference on Volcanic Ash and Aviation Safety**Alexandria, Virginia**June 22, 2004*

## A Look Back 15 Years Ago...

- During the Redoubt Eruption...satellite data was limited
- Volcanic Ash forecasting was but another duty assigned to the general forecaster
- VAACs ??

## Changes Since the Redoubt Eruption“We’ve come a long way...”

- Huge advances in technology
- Rapid development of the internet
- “World” getting smaller – greater interaction  with partners
- Need to rapidly assimilate huge quantities of data and decide upon a single representative solution

## VACT

- Relatively inexpensive means to display meteorological data and share that data amongst several users
- Runs on either XP or LINUX platforms
- Can support a number of users (30 users were connected simultaneously in system tests)
- Those interested may view a demo of the VACT!!

## Why the need for VACT?

- Excellent “team” in Alaska with the AVO, FAA ARTCC/CWSU, and Anchorage VAAC – good site for development work
- Need to communicate and share data with adjacent VAACs and MWOs
- Be proactive in developing ways to work better with our partners (e.g. Tokyo VAAC, Elizovo MWO, etc.)

## VACT

- Shared situational awareness
- Data sharing through NWS AWIPS (operational meteorological workstation), internet, or local database
- Graphical drawing tools
- Chat capability

## Slide 7

## VAAC Coordination

- Future integration of multi-lingual chat capabilities
- Improve VAAC to VAAC hand-off and coordination despite language differences
- Share data between the VAACs
- Gain a better understanding of each others perspective

## VACT Capabilities

- Unmodified

- Graphics Enhanced

## Data Sharing

## Beneficial in larger, long-lasting events
Useful briefing tool
Archive for case studies
Post-event analysis

- Useful briefing tool
- Archive for case studies
- Post-event analysis

- Benefits of the VACT

## Summary

- Shared situational awareness
- Data sharing
- Briefing/archive capabilities
- Please stop by the NOAA exhibit to see a demo of the VACT!

## Thanks

- VACT project funding support through the NWS Aviation Initiative and the FAA Aviation Weather Research Program
- Thanks to our partners who have contributed to the development of the VACT

- National Weather Service  - Alaska Region

- Forecast Systems Laboratory

- USGS – Alaska Volcano Observatory
# Presentation: 724627

## PIXEL Detector Integration mechanical requirements

- H. Wieman
- Christie Integration meeting
- 16-May-2008

## topics

- Introduction – parameters and requirements
- cooling system
- space
- power
- heat load to wide angle hall

## Pixel detector function

- Topological D meson reconstruction
- Requires high precision vertex pointing
- Critical parameters:
- very thin, low X/X0
- very close to the interaction point

## Pixel geometry

**2.5 cm radius**

**8 cm radius**

**Inner layer**
**Outer layer**

**End view**

**One of two half cylinders**

**20 cm**

-  coverage +-1

- total 40 ladders

## Some pixel features and specifications

| Pointing resolution | (13  19GeV/pc) m |
| --- | --- |
| Layers | Layer 1 at 2.5 cm radius
Layer 2 at 8 cm radius |
| Pixel size | 18.4 m X 18.4 m  |
| Hit resolution | 10 m rms |
| Position stability | 6 m (20 m  envelope) |
| Radiation thickness per layer | X/X0 = 0.28% |
| Number of pixels | 436 M |
| Integration time (affects pileup) | 
0.2 ms |
| Radiation tolerance | 300 kRad |
| Rapid installation and replacement to cover rad damage and other detector failure | Installation and reproducible positioning in a shift |

- critical
- and
- difficult

- (ALICE Pixels 0.9%)

## Pixel air cooling system

**Internal duct 2 in diameter X 5 ft**

**Internal duct 2 in diameter X 5 ft**

**external duct 6 in diameter X 50 ft**

**external duct 6 in diameter X 50 ft**

**chiller**

**pump**

**Wide angle hall**

**ISC**

**Air flow: ****	****	****	****400 SCFM**
**Total pressure drop: ****	****22 inches water**
**Temperature:****	****	****75 deg F/34 deg C or maybe -10 deg C**

## Pixel heat load break down

| Heat source | Power (watts) |
| --- | --- |
| detector silicon | 160 |
| on ladder signal drivers | 80 |
| voltage regulators in ISC | 24 |
| heat influx through ducting and ISC if 35 deg C below ambient | 600 - 2000 |
| pumping | 1000
 |
|  Total load on chiller | 1900 - 3300 |

## Pump

**5 HP motor**

**11 in**

**18 in**

**25 in**

**Air flow: ****	****	****	****400 SCFM (300 SCFM maybe sufficient)**
**Total pressure drop: ****	****22 inches water**

## Chiller

- Unit to be investigated
- Requirements:
- 2 – 3 kW
- Temperature: 75 deg F/24 deg C or -10 deg C ?
- flow 300-400 SCFM

## Infrastructure power load

- Heat load to the hall:
- Up to 2-6 kW if all dumped to air
- Much less if chiller is cooled by chilled water or has compressor and radiator outside
- AC power: 2-6kW
- Chilled water: 2-6kW if used
# Presentation: 491192

## Feedback on attribute strawman proposal 

- to convey group membership with (unknown) users
- Essential for wider scale multigrid usage
- To convey user identity as attribute to community accounts
- Requirement for responsible system management
- Needs to be propagated through the accounting system

## Multi-Grid aspects of usage models

- Individual User
- Broadens pool of sources of identity (Cas)
- User jobs more likely to need attribute loaded credentials

## Authenticated user

- Scaling of sources of attributes (by VO)
- Trust relationships
- Maintenance
- Tie to Award process
- Priority of job level isolation
- Job collisions
- Proxy exposure
- Attributes must survive delegation

## Gateway

- Gateway responsibilities more clear and tie to grant
- VO centered gateways similar to current gateway
- Grid centered gateways unclear
- How are user credentials delegated in this model ?
- What are verify responsibilities in “trust but verify”

## Selecting the prototypes

- Look for communities with multi-stage workflow
- Look for workflows with e.g. data one place, compute/viz another
- Look for cases where usage accounting is important and public
# Presentation: 905691

## Food and Drug AdministrationRisk Management Public Workshop

*Risk Management Programs*
*and Planning *
*April 10, 2003*

## FDA Risk Management Programs Concept Paper:A Pharmacist’s Perspective

- Tom Menighan, RPh, MBA
- tomm1100@aol.com
- American Pharmacists Association
*Founded in 1852 as the *
*American Pharmaceutical Association*

## Risk Management

- Concept Paper Definition:
-    The overall and continuing process of minimizing risks throughout a product’s lifecycle to optimize its benefit/risk balance.

## What Prompts a Risk Management Program?

## Challenges with Current Risk Management System

- Currently no delineation within the prescription drug class to identify products that may have a higher risk
- Need to develop criteria to guide the determination of when drugs will be placed in risk management programs
- Criteria would help create consistency
- Help ensure that the proper products are placed in risk management programs

## Interventions and Tools Available for Risk Management Programs 

## Risk Management Tools

- Targeted education
-         - physician, pharmacist, and patient
- Participation agreements
- Patient screening
- Patient training and assessment
- Enhanced drug interaction screening
- Compliance documentation
- Process measures

## Risk Management Program Development

- FDA currently uses a product-by-product approach
- Programs may have different and conflicting requirements
- Managing multiple programs focuses interest on red tape, not managing appropriate medication use

## APhA Recommendations

- Support a _systems-based_ approach
- Use standard tools based on a product’s risk level
- Each tool must have a consistent structure
- System and appropriate tools should be identified now
- System should have a common infrastructure and make use of available technology

## Evaluation of Risk Management Programs

## APhA Recommendations

- Evaluation measurements should include:
- Actual health outcomes
- Patient knowledge and compliance
- How the programs work in pharmacy practice
- Evaluations should occur both prior to and post implementation

## Conclusion

- Pharmacists are prepared to, and want to play a role in risk management
- Pharmacists help patients maximize the benefit and minimize the risk
- APhA would like to work with the FDA and other stakeholders in developing a systems-based approach

## Contact

-     American Pharmacists Association
-     2215 Constitution Avenue, NWWashington, DC 20037
-     (202) 628-4410
-     www.aphanet.org
-     www.pharmacist.com
-     www.aphafoundation.org
# Presentation: 016823

## Molybdate Conversion Coatings for Aluminum and Aluminum AlloysLynntech, Inc., College Station, Texas

- Innovation
- A molybdate-based conversion coating for aluminum and aluminum alloys as an environmentally benign replacement of chromate-based conversion coatings.

- Accomplishments
- Development of an inorganic molybdate conversion coating that does not contain chemicals or materials that are hazardous, toxic, or give rise to health and safety concerns.
- Successful demonstration of protection for greater than 336 hours during salt fog exposure, according to MIL-C-81706, for a wide range of aluminum alloys.
- The molybdate conversion coating can be applied by dipping, painting, or spraying, with short treatment times at low temperatures, and is compatible with existing cleaning and pretreatment procedures.
- Only commercially available chemicals and materials are used, which do not require special storage provisions and can be easily adapted into existing application methods.

- Commercialization
- Lynntech, Inc. has applied for several patents relating to this technology.
- Lynntech, Inc. has formed an alliance with multiple industrial partners in the metal finishing industry.
- The commercialization strategy includes third party validation of the technology provided by leading end-users of chromium conversion processes through in-kind testing.

- Government/Science Applications
- Government Applications
- Navy (Std Missile, Phalanx, RAM, Tomahawk)
- Air Force (ACM, AMRAAM)
- NASA
- DOD Prime Contractors
- Industrial Applications
- aerospace
- boilers
- air conditioners
- aluminum construction materials

- Points of Contact:
- Louis McDowell, NASA John F. Kennedy Space Center (407) 867-3400
- Dr. Zoran Minevski, Lynntech, Inc.,            (409) 693-0017
- 	minevski@tca.net, www.lynntech.com
- 1997 SBIR Phase II; NAS #10-97003

- Kennedy Space Center
- 12-20-99
- Success Story #10-013
# Presentation: 108594

## HIV/HCV Coinfection

**Josiah D. Rich, MD, MPH**
- Assistant Professor of Medicine and Community Health
- Brown University/The Miriam Hospital
- Providence RI

## Slide 2

## Decline in AIDS-related mortality

**Decline in AIDS-related mortality**

## Slide 4

- Newsweek, June 11, 2001

## Slide 6

## Slide 7

## Disease of addiction

**Chronic, relapsing illness**
**TREATABLE**
**Requires long-term treatment**
**Interconnected epidemics:**
**Abuse**
**Poverty**
**Violence**
**Incarceration**
**Psychiatric illness**

## Infectious disease in incarcerated populations

**Prevalence in prisons:**
**HCV: 17-25%**
**HIV: 1.45-2.03%**
**HBV: 2%**
**Percent of persons with HIV and HCV who pass through a correctional facility each year:**
**HCV: 29-43%**
**HIV: 20-26% **
- Hammett et al. AJPH 2002;92:1789.

## Slide 10

## Side effects of current therapies

**Side effects of current therapies**

**Flu-like symptoms**
**Weight loss**
**Alopecia**
**Thyroiditis**
**Nausea**
**Diarrhea**
**Injection-site reaction**
**Addiction relapse**
**Neuropsychiatric:**
**Depression/SI**
**Mood lability**

**Bone marrow suppression**
**Neutropenia**
**Anemia**
**Thrombocytopenia**
**Teratogenicity - men and women**
**Hemolytic anemia**
**Cough and dyspnea**
**Rash and pruritus**
**Insomnia**
**Anorexia**

## Increased syringe access to prevent the spread of HCV

**Needle exchange**
**Syringe prescription**
**Pharmacy sales**

## Multidisciplinary model

**Medical management by coinfection physicians**
**Weekly nursing assessments**
**administration of all interferon doses**
**pill packing of ribavirin**
**Psychiatric care/counseling as needed**
**Substance abuse treatment/methadone**
**Case management**
**Home outreach**
**Family involvement**

## Policy recommendations

**Research resources**
**Better therapies**
**Better understanding of disease**
**Clinical resources **
**Support**
**Psychiatric care**
**Addiction treatment**
**Prevention**
**Addiction treatment=HCV prevention**
**HCV screening**
**Syringe access**
# Presentation: 765609

## International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR)

-                          How ITAR Affects PDS
-            The Archiving of Reports & Documents
- Presented by: Al Schultz
- Location: PDS Management Council Meeting
-                 USGS
-                 Flagstaff, AZ
- Date:       August 2-4, 2006

## International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR)

- INTERNATIONAL TRAFFIC IN ARMS (UNITED STATES MUNITIONS LIST)
**ITAR (USML) - 22 CFR 120**
**Covers items such as Space Launch Vehicles (e.g., the Space Shuttle), all rocket systems and engines, all satellite systems, missile tracking systems, etc. (both the hardware and the technology)**** **
- EXPORT ADMINISTRATION REGULATIONS
- (EAR) - 15 CFR 730
**Covers what is commonly referred to as “dual-use” items, including the Space Station (the hardware and certain technology), items which are designed for military applications, but used for non-commercial applications**

## International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR)

- ITAR Sensitive
**Observatory & flight instrument development activities are ITAR sensitive**
**Command & Control activities are ITAR sensitive**
**Spaceflight hardware including flight parts, components, accessories, engineering models, ground support equipment and technical data.**
**Space launch vehicles and sounding rockets/meteorological rockets to include parts, components, accessories, engineering models, launch support equipment and technical data**

## International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR)

- ITAR Sensitive
**NASA Ground Tracking Stations (parts, components, accessories, tech data).**
- Exchange of Information with International Partners
**International Meetings (telecons & splinter meetings)- do not let your guard down; exchange only what you need to exchange**
**Expect “data mining” or “phishing” at open conferences**
**Over 50% of desired unclassified technical data is NASA technical data**
**PDS will need to be export compliant, in accordance with NASA RFP Export clause**

## International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR)

- How ITAR Affects PDS
**Space missions operated by Universities**
**Universities don’t have an ITAR office **
**S/C and Instrument reports & documents ITAR sensitive**
**Contractors ****mark reports & documents as export control**
**Prefer Missions perform ITAR review/evaluation**
**PDS Management performs ITAR review/evaluation ?**
**NAIF situation and Software ?**

## International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR)

- What PDS Management Has Done in the Past for DI
** ****Mark reports/documents as ITAR sensitive**
**Secure the reports/documents when stored**
**Secure the reports/documents when in transit**
**Control who has access to reports/documents**
**Contact NASA/GSFC Export Control Office**
**Obtain ITAR review**
**Archive approved ITAR reports/documents**
# Presentation: 502295

## Working with scientists and stakeholders to fill information needs 

## http://www.climate.noaa.gov/cpo_pa/risa/

## Slide from James Partain, NWS

**Notes:**
This slide from James Partain.

## ACCAP is working closely with

## Alaska Climate Teleconferences

## www.uaf.edu/accap/teleconference.htm 

- Photo by Gary Hufford and Carleton Ray

- Photo from La’Ona DeWilde

- Photo from Dave Atkinson

- www.uaf.edu/accap/teleconference.htm

- http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/precip/CWlink/stormtracks/strack_alaska.shtml

- Storm Tracks

## www.uaf.edu/accap/awch

## Adaptation Assessment and Planning

- Fairbanks North Star Borough

- http://www.travelalaska.com/images/maps/AlaskaMap.jpg

## Stakeholder Workshop

- Kotzebue, Alaska
- November 2007

**Notes:**
Kotzebue regional hub – Borough seat
# Participants
Elders Council
NWAB 
Manillaq 
NANA
Village and Tribal Reps from 11 villages in region
NWS (Jeff S....
Scientists (Donie, Dave, Pete, Martha, Sarah...
Begin dialogue of communications across scientific and traditional knowledge
Assessment of local information needs
Invitation to come back to each village

## Where to go from here...

- Lease areas in relation to ice conditions

- Sea Ice Decision Support Tools

**Notes:**
Sea Ice Decision Support Tools
Seasonal Fire Predictions
Infrastructure Model – refinement and downscaling

- _[    ](http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/311/5766/1461#REF13)_

- July 2004

- Fire Prediction Decision Support Tools

## Traditional & Scientific Knowledge – Coping with Drought

- Image from Peter Larsen.

- Image from Peter Larsen.

- Image from Peter Larsen.

- Photo of Paul Shewfelt, by Phil Loring
# Presentation: 280169

## Transmission Planning Objectives of Western States

- Doug Larson
- Western Interstate Energy Board

## Chronology of State Actions (1)

- May 2001 – **Western Governors’ Transmission Roundtable**
- No answer to question of what transmission is needed
- Commissioned 60-day crash effort
- August 2001 – Governors receive **Conceptual Transmission Plans Report** for Western Interconnection
- August 2001 – Governors **request SSG-WI to institutionalize pro-active, interconnection-wide transmission planning**
- February 2002 – WGA White Paper on **transmission financing**

## Chronology (2)

- June 2002 – 12 Governors and 4 federal agencies sign interstate **transmission permitting protocol **(Alberta joins in 2004)
- States played an active role in development of **SSG-WI’s October 2003 report**
- September 2003 -- **Utah and Wyoming Governors launch RMATS**
**States participating in SSG-WI and sub-regional planning**

## States’ Transmission Planning Agenda

- Pro-active transmission planning
- Open stakeholder-driven process
- Planning based on commonly used public database
- Minimize use of “block boxes”
- Closer links between LSE resource plans and regional transmission planning
- Better modeling
- Better modeling of wind and hydro resources
- Better integration of demand response/energy efficiency
- Carbon sensitivity analysis
- Explore new tools that could measure market power mitigation
- Tools to better identify beneficiaries of transmission expansion

## Opposition to Federalizing Transmission Planning

**Governors** **oppose allowing FERC to pre-empt state siting processes**
- Biggest challenge is getting permits from federal agencies
- WGA Transmission Protocol to enhance interstate transmission permitting
**CREPC comments on DOE’s National Interest Electric Transmission Bottlenecks inquiry**
- DOE can help develop new tools
- Existing federal modeling tools not as good as what we use in the Western Interconnection
- DOE should defer to recommendations from open regional transmission planning processes
- DOE can help integrate new transmission technologies into Western transmission planning efforts
# Presentation: 914052

## Ohm’s law in smart materials PI’s: J. K. Freericks (Georgetown), A. Y. Liu (Georgetown), and B. A. Jones (IBM)Nanotechnology interdisciplinary research team DMR-0210717

- Ohm’s law (V=IR) where the voltage is equal to the product of the current and the resistance is one of the best known formulas in physics.  In our work, we examine how this law is violated in smart materials composed of systems where the electron-electron repulsion is so strong that the electrons avoid each other in a complicated quantum-mechanical dance.
- In nearly all materials, the atoms that compose it are ordered in a periodic arrangement.  In this case, when a battery is attached to the material, it creates an oscillating current called a Bloch oscillation.  As the electrons scatter off of themselves and off of defects in the material, the oscillations die off.  We calculate how these regular oscillations decay and how they become irregular as the material undergoes a transition from a metal to an insulator due solely to the mutual repulsion of the electrons.

*Top: Oscillations in the current for a perfect conductor (U=0), and for materials that have increasingly stronger scattering (labeled by increasing U).*
*Left: Irregular oscillations in the insulator that is created by very strong electron-electron repulsion.*

- For more details, see http://www.physics.georgetown.edu/~jkf/nirt.html

## Education and outreachPI’s: J. K. Freericks (Georgetown), A. Y. Liu (Georgetown), and B. A. Jones (IBM)Nanotechnology interdisciplinary research team DMR-0210717

- We have finished a graduate-level text/monograph on transport through multilayered nanostructures using dynamical mean-field theory.  The text, published by Imperial College Press, uses the equation of motion technique to derive all of the relevant formalism, and is accessible to students with an undergraduate solid-state physics course and a graduate quantum course.  It focuses on modern, exact and numerical methods, rather than perturbative approaches.