# Presentation: 236102

## HIV-Infected Women: An Update

**June 28, 2007**
**Kathleen McDavid, PhD, MPH**
**HIV Incidence and Case Surveillance Branch**
**Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, CDC**
***The findings and conclusions in this presentation are those of the presenter’s and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.***

## Core HIV/AIDS Surveillance Information Flow

## Estimated Number of AIDS Cases, Deaths, and Persons Living with AIDS: United States, 1985–2005

**Note: Data have been adjusted for reporting delays.**

## Female Context

_**Diagnoses in 2005**_
** ****11,710 estimated new diagnoses of HIV/AIDS**
** ****127,150 females living with HIV/AIDS**
_**Deaths in 2005**_
** ****4,128 estimated deaths of females with AIDS (25% of all deaths)**
_**HIV and AIDS as cause of death in 2004**_
** ****6****th**** cause of death for females 25–34 years**
** ****5****th**** cause of death for all females 35–44 years**

## Proportion of Female AIDS Cases over Time

## Estimated* Number of HIV/AIDS Diagnoses by Age Group and Sex: 33 States, 2001–2005

| Age group (years) | # of Females | % of Females |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 13–24 | 8,040 | 15 |
| 25–34 | 14,768 | 28 |
| 35–44 | 16,589 | 31 |
| 45–54 | 9,230 | 17 |
| 55–64 | 2,801 | 5 |
| ≥65  | 874 | 2 |

- *Adjusted for reporting delays

## Proportion of HIV/AIDS Cases Among Female Adults and Adolescents, by Transmission Category and Age at Diagnosis: 33 States, 2005

- Note: Data include persons with a diagnosis of HIV infection regardless of AIDS status at diagnosis. Data from 33 States with confidential name-based HIV infection reporting since at least 2001. Data have been adjusted for reporting delays,and cases without risk factor information were proportionally redistributed.* Heterosexual contact with a person known to have, or to be at high risk for, HIV infection.† Includes hemophilia, blood transfusion, perinatal exposure, and risk factors not reported or identified.

|  | Age at diagnosis (in years): |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Transmission category | 13–19 | 20–24 | 25–34 | 35–44 | 45 and up |
| Injection drug use | 14 | 13 | 17 | 21 | 22 |
| High-risk heterosexual contact* | 85 | 86 | 82 | 78 | 77 |
| Other/not identified† | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 |

## Proportion of HIV/AIDS Cases and Population among Female Adults and Adolescents, by Race and Ethnicity: 33 States, 2005

- Note: Data include persons with a diagnosis of HIV infection regardless of AIDS status at diagnosis. Data form 33 States with confidential name-based HIV infection reporting since at least 2001. Data have been adjusted for reporting delays.  * Includes 87 female adults and adolescents of unknown race or multiple races.

## Estimated Number of HIV and AIDS Cases and Rates for Female Adults and Adolescents, by Race and Ethnicity: 33 States, 2005

- Note: Data include persons with a diagnosis of HIV infection regardless of AIDS status at diagnosis.Data from 33 States with confidential name-based HIV infection reporting since at least 2001.Data have been adjusted for reporting delays.  * Includes 87 female adults and adolescents of unknown race or multiple races.

| Race or Ethnicity | Cases | Rate(cases per 100,000 people) |
| --- | --- | --- |
| White, not Hispanic | 1,711 | 3.0 |
| Black, not Hispanic | 6,515 | 61.4 |
| Hispanic | 1,432 | 16.1 |
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 91 | 3.9 |
| American Indian/
Alaska Native | 57 | 7.6 |
| TOTAL* | 9,893 | 12.4 |

## Rank of Cause of Death for Races and Ethnic Groups

_**HIV/AIDS as cause of death in 2004**_
** ****Leading cause for Black females 25–34 years**
** ****3****rd**** cause for Black females 35–44 years**
** ****4****th**** cause for Hispanic females 35–44 years**
** ****4****th**** cause for Black females 45–54 years**

**Notes:**
Not only do diagnoses differ by race/ethnicity, so do deaths.

Read slide information.

In addition, in recent years these rankings have moved up, making HIV/AIDS an even more serious concern for black and Hispanic females than it was just a few years ago.

## Estimated Number of Perinatally Acquired AIDS Cases by Year of Diagnosis: United States, 1985–2005

## Selected CDC-Supported Efforts

** ****Revised HIV testing guidelines (2006)**
** ****Prevention interventions **
******	****SISTA, RAPP, DEBI, REP+, Comm. Demo Proj, ****	****Microfinance**
** ****African American Initiative (2007)**
** ****Media/Educational campaigns **
****** ****	****Take charge. Take the test.**
****** ****	****One test, two lives.**

**Notes:**
The AAI- CDC commits to 
Expanding prevention programs serving AA and enhancing culturally appropriate strategies for delivering services.
Training providers who serve large AA populations to deliver high quality, culturally appropriate prevention services.
Enhanced funding and TA to assistance local health departments to reduce mother-to-child transmission
Develop training curricula and provide training in prevention interventions for AA females to encourage them to adopt and maintain behaviors that reduce their risks of acquiring and transmitting HIV.

## Acknowledgements

**Suzanne Whitmore**
**RADT staff**
**Andy Mitsch**
**HIV Incidence and Case Surveillance Branch staff**
**Graphics Unit at DHAP**

## Contact Information

- Kathleen McDavid, PhD, MPH
- Epidemiologist
- HIV Incidence and Case Surveillance Branch
- Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- _[KMcDavid@cdc.gov](mailto:KMcDavid@cdc.gov)__ _
- 404.639.2050