# Presentation: 750230

## Strategies to Reduce UrbanHeat Islands

**State and Local Climate Change Partners’ Conference**
**Eva Wong  **_**wong.eva@epa.gov**_

## Outline    

**Key Strategies to Reduce Heat Islands**
**Programs and Policies to Support Heat Island Reduction**
**EPA’s Heat Island Reduction Initiative (HIRI) Program**

## Key Strategies to Reduce Heat Islands

**Key Strategies to Reduce Heat Islands**

**Urban Vegetation**
**Cool Roofing**
**Cool Pavements**

## Key Strategies to Reduce Heat Islands

**60-100°F**

**120-140°F**

**150-190°F**

**Average Urban Land Cover & Peak Temperatures Ranges**

## Urban Vegetation - Technology

**Trees & Vegetation**
**Shading**
**Evapotranspiration**
***Windshielding***
**Green Roofing**
**Extensive**
**Intensive**

## Urban Vegetation - Technology

## Urban Vegetation - Considerations

**Urban Vegetation - Considerations**

**Climate**
**Heating and Cooling Seaso****ns**** ****Evaporation Rates**
**Species**
**Water Costs vs. Energy Savings**
**Placement**
**Energy Savings**
**Buildings, Parking Lots, Streets**
**Time to Grow**
**Maintenance and Utility Wires**

## Urban Vegetation - Benefits

**Energy Savings**
**Field Studies in CA, AZ, FL**
**LBNL 7 City Study**
**Temperature Reduction**
**Air Pollution Removal**
**VOC Reductions - Shading Parking Lots**
**CO2 Reduction / Oxygen Production**
**Stormwater Management**
**Beautification, Biodiversity, Proper****ty Value Increases**

## Cool Roofing - Technologies

**Flat or Low-Sloped Roofs (Commercial)**
**Coatings**
**Single-Ply **
**Sloped Roofs (Residential)**
**Tiles**
**Metal Roofs **
***Asphalt Shingles?***** **

## Cool Roofing - Considerations

**Energy Star Labeled**
**Emissivity**
**Climate**
**Air Conditioning and Roof Insulation**
**Roof-Surface/Building Volume**
**Maintenance**

## Cool Roofing - Benefits

**Net Energy Savings from Cool Roofs**
**Source:  LBNL Report 39433**

## Cool Roofing - Benefits

**Energy Savings **
**	****Field Monitoring in CA, TX, FL Resulted in  Annual Cooling Energy Savings from 10 - 70%**
**Temperature Reductions**
**Reduced Air Pollution**
**Indoor Comfort**
**Durability and Waste Minimization**

## Cool Pavements - Technologies

**There Currently is no Standard for “Cool Paving.”**
**Concrete**
**Relatively Cool with 20-40% Reflectivity**
**Increase Reflectivity with High-Albedo Components**
**Asphalt**
**Most Common Pavement Choice with 5-20% Reflectivity**
**Increase Reflectivity with High-Albedo Aggregate, Covering with Light-Colored Sealcoat, Other Techniques**
**Porous or Permeable**
**Many Materials**
**Void Spaces**

## Cool Pavements - Considerations

**Reflectivity Changes Over Time.  Convergence is Important**

## Cool Pavements - Considerations

**Application**
**Sidewalk, Road, Parking Lot**
**Jurisdiction**
**Cost and Material Availability**
**Maintenance**
**Climate**
**Other Environmental **
**    ****Considerations**

## Cool Pavements - Benefits

**Higher Reflectivity Reduces **_**Pavement**_** Temperatures**
**10% increase in albedo **_**~10°F**_** Reduction**
**Higher Reflectivity Reduces **_**Air**_** ****Temperatures**
**If all Pavement Albedos Increase by 20% **_**~1°F**_** Reduction **
**Theory = Cooler Pavements Last Longer and Save Energy**
**Minimize Waste and Road Construction **
**Reduce Need for Nighttime Lighting Because of their Lighter Color**

## Programs and Policies to Support HI Reduction

**Demonstration Projects**
**Green Building Initiatives **
**Weatherization Programs**
**Education:  Salt Lake City**
**Greening and Smart Growth Efforts**
**Incentives**
**Shade Tree Ordinances:  Sacramento**
**Energy Codes:  Georgia, Florida, Chicago**
**Standards:  Tucson**

## EPA’s HIRI Program Research

**Urban Heat Island Pilot Project (UHIPP)**
**Fabric Analysis**
**Energy Savings**
**Air Quality**
**Streamlined Analysis**
**Heat-Related Mortality**** **

## EPA’s HIRI Program Implementation

**Outreach**
**Website**
**Conferences**
**UHIPP Calls**
**Policy Adoption **
**HI Reduction Strategies **
**   ****Guidebook**

## Resources

**Resources**
**EPA’s Heat Island Website (****Coming Soon!****)**
_**www.epa.gov/heatisland**_
**EPA’s Global Warming Website**
_**www.epa.gov/globalwarming**_
**The Energy Star Website**
_**www.energystar.gov**_
**Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory's Heat Island Group**
_**http://eetd.lbl.gov/heatisland**_
**International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives (ICLEI)**
_**www.hotcities.org**_
***  ******Eva Wong (202) 564-3528******	******	******	******      ***_***wong.eva@epa.gov***__**  **_
**   **