# Presentation: 752812

## FY2003 Research Plan and Relation to Five Year Goals

**FY2003 Research Plan and Relation to Five Year Goals**

- S. M. Kaye for the NSTX Research Team
- PPPL, Princeton Univ.
- NSTX PAC-14 Meeting
- Princeton, N.J.
- 21-22 January 2003

## Outline

- 2003 Goals and Capabilities
- Topical area research program organized by ETs
- 	and relation to Five Year plan
- Heating and Current Drive (Taylor, Ryan)
- Co-Axial Helicity Injection (M. Bell, Raman)
- MHD (Sabbagh, Gates)
- Transport and Turbulence (LeBlanc, Darrow)
- Boundary Physics (Kugel, Kaita)
- Integrated Scenario Development (Maingi, Menard)
- Research plan logic

## Program Planning Steps

- PAC-12 (2/02)
- FWP (3/02)
- NSTX Results and Theory Review (9/02)
- NSTX Research Forum (9/02)
- PAC Input (9-10/02)
- Refinement of run plan (10-11/02)
- Beginning of FY03 run (12/02)
- Initial Presidential budget guidance – 21 run weeks in FY03

****

## Reduced Budget Forces Hard Choices

- Set of milestones has been modified to reflect reduced run time (21 to 12 run weeks)
- Original set of milestones (before possibility of 21 run weeks) retained
- Others delayed or reduced
- Budget, time, facility capability considerations
- XPs delayed, reduced in scope
- Diagnostic upgrades postponed

## Reduced Run Time Compromises Scientific and Technical Progress (2112 weeks)

- Retained milestones
- High- and E for t>>E
- Non-inductive current drive to assist in startup and sustainment of  1 sec pulses
- Edge heat flux dispersion and effect of PFC at high power
- CHI coupling to OH
- Delayed/reduced scope – some work will still be done
- Persistent CHI coupling to other non-inductive CD techniques
- Interactions among resonant error field response, correction fields and rotation
- Requirements for EBW heating and current drive

## Run time allocations for FY03 (12 run weeks)

- 	_FY 2003 (12 wks)_	_FY2003 (21 wks)     _
- HHFW heating & CD	8 days	(13%)	15 days
- CHI	8 days	(13%) 	15 days
- Transport	7 days	(12%)	13 days
- MHD	7 days	(12%)	13 days
- ISD	7 days       (12%)	13 days
- Boundary (heat flux)	5 days	(8%)	8 days
- Enabling/cross-cutting	8 days	(13%)	10 days
- Scientific Contingency	10 days	(17%)	18 days

## NSTX Facility Plan ()

**NSTX Facility Plan (********)**

**Experimental**
**Run-Weeks**

**NBI**
**HHFW**
**CHI**
**EBW**
**Wall Conditioning**
**Pwr & Part. Cntrl.**
**Fueling**
**Resonant Field  and RWM Control**
**Plasma Equilibrium & Control**

**           ******** ****Pre-prog. Phasing        ******** Antenna Feed-Thru Imp.               ******** F/B Phase Control **
**	**

**                                                    ******** ****New Absorber **
**	****  ******** ****Absorber Field Null Control Coils****	**

**	****                ******** ****Optimized Ant. Assembly **
**	****	**

**       ******** ****350 C Bakeout                                       ******** Li/Boron Pellet Injector**
**	****	****      ******** ****Density Feedback **

****** ****HFS Gas Fueling                     ******** HFS Gas Fueling Improvement**

** ******** ****PF5 Realign                                                                               ******** Res. Field Control **
****** ****Locked Mode Coils                ******** 2x12 Wall Mode Sensors  ******** 2x24 Wall Mode Sensors**

**Non-Mag. Pickup Coils         ******** 2x6 I-D Mirnovs, Flux Loops for CHI absorber**
**                                                                    ******** ****Density Feedback**
**	****                   ******** ****rtEFIT****	****   ******** rtEFIT Algorithm Dev.                                ******** MIMO (GA)**

**	****                  ******** ****6 kG                                                  ****	**

**TF system**

**12**

**12**

**?**

**	****                                                               ******** ****Real-Time ******** Feedback ****	**

## NSTX Diagnostics Implementation Plan (FY02-04)

** ****	****	******** ****Div. 1D CCD (ORNL)****	**
**	****	******** ****Div. IR Cam. (ORNL)****	**
**	****	******** ****Fast 2D Div. Visible (Hiroshima U)**

**	****FY02****	****FY03                                      FY04****	**

**NSTX Diagnostics Implementation Plan (FY02-04)**

**Experimental**
**Run-Weeks**

**12**

**12**

**MPTS**
**CHERS**
**XCS**
**MSE (Nova)**
**FIReTIP (UCD)**
**USXR (JHU)**
**X-rays**** **
**Particle Detectors**
**Fluctuations**
**Impurities**
**Divertor and**
** ****Boundary Physics**
**Cameras**

*** collaborator diagnostics in ****red**

**?**

** ****Correlation Reflectometry (UCLA)                                       ******** 2D Fast X-Ray Pinhole          **
****** ****2D GEM X-ray (Frascati/JHU)           ******** Dynamo Probe****                          ****Camera****    **
****** ****Fast Scan. Edge Probe (UCSD)                                         ******** Tangental High-k  ******** MIR**
** ****MHz Gas Puff Imaging (PSI, LANL)  ********1 mm Interferometer**

**             ******** ****20 Ch****	****	****	**

** **** ****	**
****** ****2-D Scanning NPA**
****** ****Faraday loss probe****	****        ******** Scintillator Loss Probe**
****** ****Neutron, Diamond Detectors           ******** Neutron Collimators ****	**

**VIPS, VB, Fiberscopes****                 ******** Multi-Chord Spectrometer (JHU)****	**
**VUV (JHU)**** ****	**

**Langmuir, Tcouples****                  ******** Div. Bol., Edge Flow Spectroscopy****	**
**FRP (UCSD), Coupons (SNL)   ******** ****Quartz Dep. Monitors**** ****	**

**    ******** ****Pol fan at 2nd Tor pos              ******** Higher resolution          ****  ****	****	****	****                          ******** PICXS **

**	****                             ******** ****CIF 1-4 Ch                  ******** 10 Ch ****	**** **
****** ****2 Ch****	****                      ******** 4 Ch                         ******** 7 Ch**

**	****       ********18 Ch (interim)                   ******** 51 Ch Toroidal CHERS****	****	****	**** **
**                                                                   ******** ****2D XCS**

## Heating and Current Drive (HHFW/EBW)

- Provide heating and current drive to supplement OH and NBI
- Heating for enhanced bootstrap, reduced flux consumption
- Direct current drive
- Improve electron confinement, pressure profile modification
- Five year research goals (HHFW)
*Dependence of HHFW coupling on plasma configuration and density*
*HHFW compatibility/effects with NBI heating (also ISD)*
*CD and wave-particle interactions*
- Develop solenoid-free startup
- New capabilities in 2003
- HHFW antenna modified to increase voltage/power limit

*Italics – Elements covered, in part, in FY03*

## HHFW FY2003 Research Plan

- HHFW coupling
- Develop antenna conditioning techniques
- Develop startup scenarios to optimize coupling to plasma
- Establish good coupling for electron heating
- Vary gaps, antenna phasing, go to high density
- CD/wave-particle interactions
- Operate at higher power levels and longer pulse ( 6 MW)
- Measure j with MSE
- HHFW coupling with NBI
- Develop scenarios to optimize RF coupling to NBI
- Complete study of fast ion acceleration (thesis work)

## EBW FY2003 Research Plan 

- EBW FY2003 Research Plan

- EBW five year goal is to demonstrate and employ efficient coupling of X/O mode to EBW
- Electron heating and EBW-assisted non-inductive startup
- Possible suppression of NTMs
- FY2003 research focused on establishing basis for high power heating and current drive system
- Demonstrate 80% B-X and/or B-X-O conversion
- Use limiters to reduce Ln and increase conversion efficiency
- Reflectometry to measure Ln
- Local gas feed to ensure adequate density

## Co-Axial Helicity Injection

- Five year goals
*Develop method for non-inductive current initiation*
*Couple to other current drive schemes*
*Enable solenoid-free startup to high ****pol*
- Possible technique for driving edge current during discharge sustainment phase
- New capabilities in 2003
- Components/electronics related to noise and arcing redesigned
- New, long ceramic insulator
- PF absorber field control coils

## CHI 2003 Research Plan

- Employ short pulse startup scenario developed on HIT-II
- Couple to ohmic
- Develop extended CHI pulse
-  400 kA, “hundreds” msec
- Investigate new absorber performance
- Utilize absorber field coils
- Develop control capability
- Demonstrate flux closure
- Magnetic fluctuations, kinetic profiles
- Equilibrium reconstruction and modeling (ESC, EFIT, MFIT, TSC)

## MHD Stability

- A major five year goal is to develop the physics basis for sustained operation near the with-wall limit
*Influence of shape, rotation and profiles on global stability*
*Fast ion MHD*
*Error fields and locked modes*
*RWM physics*
*Passive stabilization*
- Active control
*ELM stability*
- NTM suppression
- New capabilities in 2003
- Divertor Mirnov array
- RWM sensors
- MSE-CIF (1 to 4 channels)

## Influence of shape, rotation and profiles on global stability

-  -limit dependence on  in DND
-  <0.4, ELM trigger physics
- Stability limits at high , reduced *l**i* in LSN
-  >2.0 @ 800 kA
- Continue to assess shear flow stabilization in core kinks

## Fast Ion MHD 

- CAE studies
- Measure high frequency MHD
- Determine existence, amplitude and extent of CAEs using core reflectometry
- Implications for stochastic heating

## Error Fields and Locked Modes

- Commission internal RWM/EF sensors
- Assess sources of residual error fields
- PF coils, coil leads, eddy currents
- Determine parametric dependence of locked modes
- Density, rotation, proximity to no wall limit

## RWM/Kink Physics

- RWM stabilization
- Determine critical rotation frequency
- Similarity experiments with DIII-D
- Rotation physics
- Mode structure & wall stabilization
- Rotation damping physics (thesis work)
- Design active coil set (DCON+VALEN)
- External vs internal
- Slow and fast response (EF correction/fast feedback for RWM control)

## Transport and Turbulence

- Five year goals
*Establish key ****E** and transport scalings*
*Electron vs ion transport*
*Dependence on *****, ****T**, ****ExB*
*Assess fast ion confinement*
*Determine influence of E**r** (****ExB**) and ****T** on edge turbulence, transport, L-H transitions*
- Assess roles of low and high-k turbulence in heating and transport
- Use knowledge gained to control plasma transport and produce p(r), j(r) for high-T, non-inductive current drive

## Determine Key E and Transport Scalings

- Systematic H-mode scalings in quasi-steady discharges
- NSTX/MAST similarity
- NSTX/DIII-D similarity
- Dimensionless scalings
- 	within NSTX
- OH R/a
- Initial *, T

- ENSTX-L ~ Ip0.76 BT0.27 PL-0.76

- -scalings will also be developed from the results of these XPs

## Local Transport

- Establish e, i baselines
- Momentum transport, role of rotation
- RF vs NBI

## Local Transport – cont’d

- Critical gradient?

- Electrons impervious to transport events

- Explore regimes of improved electron confinement
- Generate e- ITBs at low ne

- ITB w/ HHFW

## Edge Turbulence

- Gas puff imaging/fast probe
- L-H transitions
- Correlation reflectometry
- Can connect to local transport results
- FIRETIP/Reflectometer for ITGs in L-mode core

- Fixed qcyl

## Boundary Physics 

- Five year goals
*Enabling technology*
*Evaluate power handling needs and solutions*
*Assess fueling and particle pumping needs*
*Develop and evaluate wall conditioning techniques*
*Science*
*Characterize edge power and particle transport regimes*
*Understand effects of ST features on boundary physics*
- New capabilities in 2003
- Li/B pellet injector
- Supersonic gas injector
- Improved boronization schemes
- Fast reciprocating probe, divertor bolometer, fast divertor camera, fast divertor IR camera

## Power and Particle Control

- Understand heat flux scaling and power accountability
- Parametric scaling (Ip, ne, Pheat)
- H vs non-H, SN/DN configurations
- Detailed edge characterization of edge for SOL transport studies
- NSTX/MAST comparative studies
- Test methods for reducing heat flux
- X-point sweeping
- Detached divertor

## Fueling and Wall Conditioning

- Helium discharge cleaning
- Lithium/Boron pellet injection
- Improved boronization techniques
*Density control a key issue for long pulse discharges*

## Integrated Scenario Development

- Five year goals
- Produce high performance plasmas using various control techniques
*Simultaneous high-****t**, ****E** for long duration*
*Quasi-steady 1 sec pulses*
*NBI/HHFW compatibility*
- New capabilities in 2003
- rtEFIT shape control
- Density feedback
- Improved wall conditioning
- NBI control for -feedback

## ISD 2003 Research Plan

- High T, E
- Improve ramp-up to delay limiting MHD in high- DN plasmas
- Higher qmin
- Quasi-steady 1 sec discharges
- Increase elongation in LSN
- Early HHFW heating to raise Te
- HHFW/NBI compatibility
- Maintain high Te during NBI
- Assess changes in transport and variations in Ti/Te

## Research Plan Logic – Temporal Progression of Research Activities

-    Early Run		     Mid-Run		         Late Run

- HHFW system shakedown        HHFWCD			     HHFWCD w/j(r) measurements
- Electron heating 	             EBW mode conversion
- 		             HHFW/fast ion interaction
- CHI transient startup                 High CHI currents                                     Demonstrate flux closure
-   - couple to OH	             CHI plasma control development
- EF/RWM sensor calibration      RWM rotation effects, passive stab. 	    Stability studies with j(r) meas.
- Locked mode/EF studies          Fast ion and CAE studies
- Stability on shape 	             Similarity experiments
- Global conf. dependences        Fast ion htg. & confinement 	     Dimensionless scalings
-    & momentum transport          Similarity experiments                               Edge fluctuations
- Local transport
- He conditioning 	            Heat flux scaling and edge char.	     Li/B pellets
- Density control 	            X-point sweep	                                          Detached divertor
- rtEFIT development                  High-TE
- HHFW/NBI compatibility           Long-pulse H-modes                                 Quasi-steady 1 sec discharges

**H&CD**
**CHI**
**MHD**
**T&T**
**Bdy**
**ISD**

## NSTX Has Developed a Run Plan to Address a Broad Spectrum of Scientific Issues

- Most experimental proposals will take advantage of significant new facility and diagnostic capability to dig deeper into underlying physics
- Experiments support the Five Year research plan
- Addressing these critical elements will allow us to achieve some of our Research Milestones
- 12 instead of 21 run weeks compromises our ability to achieve all of them

## Additional Run Time Will Help Advance the Scientific Output and Achieve the Full Set of Research Milestones

- Additional experiments
- More dedicated EBW mode conversion
- HHFW H-modes and ITBs
- L-H transition studies
- Combined electron ITB/H-mode
- Detailed ELM studies
- Completion of fast ion similarity studies
- Fishbones, TAEs
- NTMs
- Additional edge turbulence and fast transport
- CHI coupling to other non-inductive CD
*Additional run time for scheduled XPs*

## Additional Budget Will Allow Accelerated Development of Diagnostic/Facility Capability

- Reduced scope/deferred development tasks
- Poloidal CHERS
- High- and Low-k fluctuations (prototypes)
- Divertor bolometer
- Fast IR camera
- RF probe
- CHI dynamo probe
- CHI absorber field null power supplies
- EF/RWM active control