# Presentation: 026001

## Maximizing 

- Science

- Congressman Vernon J. Ehlers, Ph.D
- U.S. House of Representatives

## Types of Science

- Basic
- Applied
- Product Development
- Technical

## VIEWS OF RESEARCH

_**The Public’s View:**_

**Basic Research**

**Applied Research**

_**Vannevar Bush’s View:**_

**Basic**

**Applied**

**Notes:**
Same comments as the last slide

## DON STOKES VIEW (MODIFIED): 

-  **Understanding-**
**Driven Research**
**      ****(Basic)**

**Use-Inspired Research**
**          ****(Applied)**

**Bohr**

**Pasteur**

-      **Data**
**Acquisition**

**Edison**

**DON STOKES VIEW (MODIFIED):**

**Notes:**
Needs a source.  The point of this slide is unclear—need a focusing statement for the audience

## The Valley Of Death

**Notes:**
Same comments as the last slide

## Key Ideas

- Disciplinary or Interdisciplinary Science

## Disciplines of Science

- Physics

- Biology

- Chemistry

## Key Ideas

- Disciplinary or Interdisciplinary Science
- Size and Complexity of Science

## Size & Complexity in Science

- Size

- Complexity

## Size & Complexity in Science

- Size

- Complexity

## Size & Complexity in Science

- Size

- Complexity

## Key Ideas

- Disciplinary or Interdisciplinary Science
- Size and Complexity of Science
- Management of Science and Scientists

## Management of Science and Scientists

- The type of management used must match the type of science being done
- The task of management is, above all, to facilitate and encourage science, not impede it.

## Management of Science and Scientists

- Basic research :  manage by inspiring
- Product development:  manage by directing

## Management of Science and Scientists

- We must maximize returns on scientific research by minimizing individual scientist’s involvement in management

## Managing Science

- Management
- (tons of paper)

- Scientific Results
- (published papers)

- 1

- 3

- 5

- 7

- 9

- 11

- 13

- 1

- 3

- 5

- 7

## Managing Science

- Management
- (tons of paper)

- Scientific Results
- (published papers)

- 1

- 3

- 5

- 7

- 9

- 11

- 13

- 1

- 3

- 5

- 7

## Managing Science

- Management
- (tons of paper)

- Scientific Results
- (published papers)

- 1

- 3

- 5

- 7

- 9

- 11

- 13

- 1

- 3

- 5

- 7

## Management of Science and Scientists

- Managers must recognize scientific research hasn’t changed greatly, but its complexity and subject areas have.

## Management of Science and Scientists

- Good science managers encourage risk-taking, new ideas, and interdisciplinary research.

- Problems:

- Does peer review still work?
- Interdisciplinary reviewers?
- Best reviewers available?
- Encourage new scientists?

## Maximizing Scientific Capital

- (Getting More and Better Scientists!)

- Jobs of the future will require a basic
-    understanding of math and science

## K-12 Math and Science Education

- Teacher Training
- Hands-on, inquiry-centered, concept-based
-   curricula
- Interested and involved parent(s)
- Helpful	scientists, mathematicians,
-   & engineers

## Undergraduate Education

- Recruitment
- Special assistance for students
- Internships
- Part-time Employment

## Graduate Education

- Research Support
- Teacher Training
- Shortened degree programs

- Faculty & Post-docs

- Research support
- Mentoring

## Who Should Be Involved?

- Federal Government
- Private Sector
- Universities
- State Governments
- Scientists

- Let’s all do it together!