# Presentation: 526694

## The Farm Service Agency’sNational AgriculturalImagery Program (NAIP)

- Presentation for the U. S. Geological Survey Eastern Region Geography State Cooperators Forum 2002.
- November 12-14 in Reston, Virginia

**Notes:**
The Farm Service Agency’s Aerial Photography Field Office is the official film and digital image library for the USDA.
Holdings include National Agricultural Imagery Program(NAIP) film and digital imagery, compressed county mosaics of ortho photography, and historical aerial photography dating back to the mid-1950’s.
Our film library totals over 10 million film negatives and digital images.
Reproductions of imagery from the APFO library are available at a nominal cost.

## NAIP Vision Statement

**    ****The ****National Agricultural Imagery Program (NAIP)****     consolidates USDA’s aerial photography, digital imagery, and digital orthoimagery requirements into a national strategy that ****acquires the best value products**** for USDA agencies while is flexible enough to create win-win partnerships with Federal agencies, State and local governments, and private entities.  NAIP will maximize the informational value of acquisitions by ****minimizing the cycle time**** from acquisition to fielding while keeping the image content information for the creation of traditional photographic and orthoimagery. **

**Notes:**
Read from screen.
FSA has acquired 35mm compliance photography since 1979.
We have acquired 9.5x9.5 large format photography since the early 1930’s.
NAIP combines the two acquisition programs.
FSA checks more than 2 million farm fields annually through the compliance program.
Compliance checks each producer for:
Actual crop versus reported crop.
Actual acres versus reported acres.
Crop health versus actual production history.
Crop health versus other local producers.

## NAIP Program Goals

**Procurement plan based on “Best-Value” contracting practices **
**Acquire large format aerial photography, 1:40,000 scale, color positive film**
**Acquire during the peak agricultural growing season (leaf-on)**
**Deliver digital imagery (one & two meter), in a county format, within one month of acquisition for FSA Compliance Program**

**Notes:**
The following 2 slides list the NAIP program goals.
Read the goals from the screen..

## NAIP Program Goals

**Provide new photography/digital imagery on an annual basis**
**Update ortho-image base on 1-5 year cycle (depending on USDA Service Center needs) **
**Aerial film archived at APFO and made available for photographic products**
**Digital imagery ****furnished to the “National Map” concept in place of or to augment the NAPP/NDOP**

**Notes:**
Read from screen.

## National Agricultural Imagery Program (NAIP)

**Responsible for administering a variety of farm commodity and conservation programs**
**In the process of transitioning from analog to digital imagery (GIS) in order to administer programs more effectively**
**Seeking imagery cost sharing partnerships under cooperative agreements**

**USDA Service Centers are:**

**Notes:**
Read from screen.

## Traditional Service Center Methods

**Traditional Service Center Methods**

**Notes:**
County agents were sent 24x24 enlargements at a scale of 600 feet per inch every five to seven years for use in recording information about farms enrolled in USDA programs.
Under this format, field boundaries were drawn directly onto the enlargements and planimeters were used to measure acreage. 
Field boundaries are part of the Common Land Unit(CLU).
Compliance imagery was acquired each summer using 35mm cameras and color positive film.
The slides were projected up through the bottom of the angled tables and the enlargements matched to to the slide image.
APFO no longer supports the Service Centers with rectified enlargements. New County Coverage will be in a digital format.
Of the 1200 compressed digital county mosaics available at APFO, 450 counties have implemented this digital product. The remaining 750 are either waiting for the CLU to be digitized or the new digital processes to be implemented in the Service Center. 

## Image Format Comparison 

- _Large Format_
- Mapping Camera
- 9”x 9” film
- 25 sq. miles@20,000 feet

- _Small Format_
- 35mm Camera
-  3 sq. miles@8,000 feet
- Digital Camera
- 3 sq. miles@10,000 feet

**Image Format Comparison**

**Notes:**
This slide is a visual illustration of our compliance imagery and NAIP imagery.

The small format systems cover 3 square miles and the large format covers 25 square miles.

One advantage to large format acquisition is the ability to index the imagery.

## National Agricultural Imagery Program (NAIP)

**Scanned 35mm Slides **
**Direct Digital 35mm Cameras**
**Aerial Mapping Cameras (1:40,000 QQC)**
**Satellite Imagery**

**Previous Pilot Projects:**

**Notes:**
Image quality  needs to be an integrated part of our digital solutions.

New image sensors will be available in the spring of 2003 that retain 100% of the pixels. Current technology retains
one third of the pixels.

A 3 micron pixel is still 150 times larger than the smallest silver grain.

## Program Purpose and End Products

**FSA Compliance Program:**
**Two Meter Geo-referenced Digital Imagery **
**One Meter Ortho-rectified Digital Imagery**
**GIS Orthoimagery Base Update:**
**One Meter Ortho-rectified Digital Imagery**
**One Meter Ortho-rectified Digital Imagery produced at USDA-APFO**
**Aerial Photography Film Archive:**
**Digital and Photographic products made from 1:40,000 scale, Color Positive Film at APFO**

**Notes:**
Two meter is the base digital product.

## NAIP Products and Cost

- _1m Ortho-Rectified_

- _2m Geo-Rectified_

**$18.00 / Square Mile**

**$7.00 / Square Mile**

## FSA NAIP Contracts2002 Aerial Imagery Contracts

- Project Summary
**121 Full Counties From Six States**
** ****28,932 Line Miles covering 82,727 Square Miles**
**Quarter Quad Centered Tiff Images and Color Positive Film**
**Leaf On Summer  Flying **
**Some Defects Allowed **

**Notes:**
2002 flying season contracts were limited to parts of
MO., KS., NE., MN., SD. & ND..

Flying was based on NAPP.

Leaf on, full growth prior to harvest.

## FSA Compliance Imagery2 Meter Geo-rectified 

-    Kansas, Nebraska, North & South Dakota, and Missouri
**Average Project Cost:   $6.94 Per Square Mile **
**65,266 Square Miles , 5 States, 93 Counties**
**Natural Color Digital Imagery Scanned From Color Positive Film**
**2.0 Meter GSD**
**Geo-Tiff Image Format**

**Notes:**
Work was divided into 3 project areas with one contractor each.

All projects were 100% acquired & delivered.

Majority of work was free of defect.

## FSA Compliance Imagery 1 Meter Ortho-rectified

- MINNESOTA
**Project Cost:  $18.99 per square mile    **
**17,461 Square Miles, 28 Counties**
**Natural Color Digital Imagery Scanned from Color Positive Film**
**1.0 Meter GSD**
**Geo-Tiff Image Format**

**Notes:**
Images have very good horizontal accuracy... well within 3 meters.

The quarter quad tiles were easily mosaiced and compressed into full counties.

## Ralls County, Missouri   2 Meter Geo-Referenced Image

**Notes:**
Display is a sample composite of the 53 quarter quad tiff images secured for this county.

The county boundary is shown in red.

A separate CD containing a shape file catalog is delivered to each county along with DOQQ names,
locations, date of acquisition, FGDC meta data, boundaries and other useful information.

## 7.5 Minute Quad Boundaries

**Notes:**
Ralls County again... full quad boundaries without county boudary.

## Single 7.5 Minute Quad 

- Single 7.5 Minute Quad

**Notes:**
Seam lines between quarter quads are visible, but no offsets.

## Single 7.5 Minute Quad  With                Common Land Unit (CLU) Boundaries

**Notes:**
This is a primary intended use of NAIP imagery. This tool replaces the delineated enlargements of yester-year for FSA compliance program work conducted annually in Service Centers.

## Potential NAIP Coverage for 

**Potential NAIP Coverage for **
**2003 Compliance Season**

**847 Counties**
**791,330 Square Miles**

**Notes:**
The map displays counties where digitized CLUs are or soon will be available and can be readily utilized with NAIP imagery.

Non agricultural lands within some counties such as National Forests, National Parks, Military areas and others may be excluded from county coverages unless partnerships are formed for the purpose of acquiring these select areas.

## Potential NAIP Coverage for

**Potential NAIP Coverage for**
**2004 Compliance Season**

**1,338 Counties**
**1,475,756 Square Miles**

**Notes:**
Similar to 2003, except the covered areas expand as more counties with CLUs come on line.

## Types of Partnership Opportunities

** ****Coverage of Additional Areas Adjacent to or Near  FSA Counties  **
** ****Upgrade Resolution From Two Meter     GSD TO One Meter GSD**
** ****Upgrade Rectification**
**Federal Agencies, State or County Cost Share with FSA**

**Notes:**
FSA is willing to expand covered areas wthin counties or expand to adjacent or nearby areas determined by partners.

FSA is willing to upgrade the resolution from the base 2 meter to 1 meter, or to upgrade the level of rectification from geo-rectification (base) to ortho-rectification to accommodate a partnership.

## USDA Aerial Photography Field Office

**USDA Aerial Photography Field Office**
**2222 West 2300 South**
**Salt Lake City, Utah  84119-2020**

_**Contacts for Partnership Information**_**:**
**Cindy Sessions  (801) 975-3500 Ext. 208**
**Wynn Zundel (801) 975-3500 Ext. 222**

**Notes:**
Hard copy hand outs are available.