# Presentation: 941063

## Flight Readiness ReviewALIVE (Aerosol LIDAR Validation Experiment)

- August 31, 2005
- Beat Schmid, BAER Institute
- Joseph “Ben” Hovelman, Sky Research
- Roy Johnson, NASA ARC

## Background

- ALIVE is a DOE funded mission utilizing NASA instruments and staff.
- DOE also conducts safety reviews for the ALIVE aircraft in addition to the NASA safety review.
- Dr. Beat Schmid won DOE peer reviewed funding for ALIVE and is the Project Manager as well as the PI for the Ames Sunphotometer during the mission.

## Purpose

- Validate Aerosol Extinction Profiles over ARM CRF in Oklahoma derived from ground-based Raman and Micropulse Lidars
- Validate Aerosol Extinction Profiles derived from ARM Cessna 206 in-situ aerosol plane (IAP)
- Derive aerosol optical properties by combining AATS-14 and RSP measurements.

## J-31 at Moffett Field Timeframe

- September 7 (Wednesday):  Sky Research Jetstream 31 will arrive at Moffett Field
- September 8-10:  Instrument integration (AATS-14, NavMet, Aplanix POS, and RSP) into J-31
- September 10 (Saturday):  J-31 test flight (30 to 45 minute duration)
- September 11 (Sunday):  J-31 departs for Ponca City, Oklahoma
- September 22:  J-31 returns to Moffett Field
- September 23:  Science Instrumentation removed from J-31 at Moffett Field

## Aerosol Lidar Validation Experiment (ALIVE)

- Micro Pulse Lidar

- Raman Lidar

**AATS-14 on Sky Research J-31**

**Cessna 206**

**Research Scanning Polarimeter**
**NavMet**
**Aplanix POS**

**DOE**
**Oklahoma, Sep 11-22, 2005**
**Lead Scientist: B. Schmid**

- http://geo.arc.nasa.gov/sgg/ALIVE

## 14-channel Ames Airborne Tracking 
 Sunphotometer (AATS-14)

**14-channel Ames Airborne Tracking **
** ****Sunphotometer (AATS-14)**

_**Measures**_**: Solar direct-beam transmission, T, at 14 wavelengths, ********, 353-2139 nm**
_**Data products**_
**Aerosol optical depth (AOD) at 13 ********, 353-2139 nm**
**Water vapor column content [using T(940 nm)]**
**Aerosol extinction, **
**	****340-2139 nm**
**Water vapor **
**	****density**

**When **
**A/C**
**flies **
**vertical **
**profiles**

- }

## Research Scanning PolarimeterPI: Brian Cairns, NASA GISS

- Research Scanning PolarimeterPI: Brian Cairns, NASA GISS

- Measures upwelling polarized radiation
- ±60° angular scan
- 410, 470, 555, 670, 865, 960, 1590, 1880, 2250 nm

## AIRPORT FACILITIES

- Aircraft modification, sensor installation, and maintenance activities are based at the Sky Research hangar at Ashland Airport (S03) located in southern Oregon. Sensor re-installation and test-flight will be based out of NASA Ames-Moffett Field (NUQ) in California. Instrument deployment flights to the DOE SGP CRF will be based at Ponca City Regional Airport  (PNC) in north-central Oklahoma.

## Operations

**Flights centered on ARM CRF 36.60°N, 97.48°E. **
**Timeframe: Sep. 11 – 22, 2005**
**10 days on site **
**23 on-site research flight hours**
**10-15 short duration flights**
**VFR only, avoid sun obscured by cirrus clouds**
**Two types of flight patterns**

## Type 1: Regular ALIVE Flights

## 
J-31 will wait until Cessna starts its 15K’ leg then take off (~25 min lag)
Vertical separation is always more than 1500 ft
ATC radar flight following at all times
Continuous radio contact between 2 aircraft
J-31 will RTB immediately if radio contact is lost
3-4 such flights

- J-31 will wait until Cessna starts its 15K’ leg then take off (~25 min lag)
- Vertical separation is always more than 1500 ft
- ATC radar flight following at all times
- Continuous radio contact between 2 aircraft
- J-31 will RTB immediately if radio contact is lost
- 3-4 such flights

## AIRCRAFT DESCRIPTION

- Jetstream 31, N22746:
- Pressurized, twin-engine turbo prop aircraft, modified to provide an Airborne Sensor Platform for research, survey, and reconnaissance missions
- Large, wide cabin with standing headroom and oversized cargo pod for flexibility in deploying multiple sensors
- A 10” NVG observation bubble window, dual SAT COM communication, dual GPS navigation, 8 position intercom, extensive inventory of aircraft spares and ground support equipment, survival equipment, and extended range fuel tanks provide for worldwide operations

- Jetstream 31, Sky Research Facilities, Ashland Municipal Airport, Oregon

## OPERATIONAL LIMITATIONS

| Airspeed
Max Cruise 16,000
Survey | 
220 kts.
120-220 kts. | Altitude
Max
Survey | 
25,000 MSL
500’-25,000’  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Operating Range
Zero Wind w/IFR Reserves
Ferry Tank w/IFR Reserves | 
850 NMI
2200 NMI | Endurance
Maximum
With Ferry Tanks | 
5 hrs.
Up to 10 hours |
| Maximum Runway Requirement
Maximum Gross Weight at Sea Level | 
4500’ | Weights
Ramp
Take Off
Landing
Zero Fuel
Basic Operating
Usable Fuel
Extended Range Fuel | 
15,322 lbs.
15,212 lbs.
14,550 lbs.
13,889 lbs.
10,500 lbs.
3,024 lbs.
4,500 lbs. |
| Dimensions (exterior)
Length
Height
Wingspan | 
47’2”
17’6”
52’ | Dimensions (Interior cabin)
Length
Width
Height | 
25’
6’
6’ |
|  |  |  |  |

## Pilot Qualifications

- 	**Joseph Hovelman**
- Total Hours:  4300
- Jetstream Total Hours: 723
**William Seiber**
- Total Hours: 4900
- Jetstream Total Hours: 595

## Jetstream 31 Safety

- The aircraft is equipped with fire extinguishers and oxygen masks.
- Pilots have 2 emergency switches to shut down power to all research equipment.
- There is no emergency egress impact as a result of the experimental instrument installation.
- No flights over water will be made.
- No additional safety equipment is required.
- Any emergencies or abnormalities will be handled per aircraft manufacturer's recommendations and procedures taught by Flight Safety International.
- Downlink Transmissions: none

## Radiation Uses

- All instruments onboard are of passive nature.
- Will fly Minimum of 500 feet over ground-based LIDAR beams.
- Micro Pulse Lidar, = 523 nm. Eye safe at zero range and beyond. Detailed calculations available.
- Raman Lidar, =355 nm. Eye safe at output of beam.  Detailed calculations available.
- No optics will be used to look at lidar beams

## RSP Mechanical Description

- http://geo.arc.nasa.gov/sgg/ALIVE/Photos_ALIVE/RSPinteg_photos/RSPinteg.html

- The RSP in the instrument bay

- View of the RSP from below with the bay cover

- RSP Support Electronics box and panel in the aft of the J-31.

- RSP control monitor in the rack at the fore of the J-31

- Pictures and descriptions by Kirk Knobelspiesse

- Structural Analysis of RSP integration available on request.

## Preflight Inspection

- In addition to Standard J-31 Pilot Preflight Inspections, the following are preflight inspection requirements for the research equipment on board.
- AATS-14
- Remove AATS-14 rain bucket
- Visually inspect AATS-14 safety wires
- RSP
- Remove N2 Purge

## Risk Management

- Only one new instrument (RSP). Remaining equipment flown on J-31 before
- May 24, Sky Research certified and included in DOE’s Accepted Aircraft Operator Database _[http://ma.mbe.doe.gov/me24/acdb/fetchall.cfm](http://ma.mbe.doe.gov/me24/acdb/fetchall.cfm)_
- June 28, approved to fly ALIVE in Vance MOA (Maj DiNatale)
- June 28, J-31 ALIVE operations approved by Robert Hannigan (PNNL Aircraft Safety Officer) Tel. (509) 372-6167
- July 21 prelim FRR meeting
- July 25, end-to-end test Aplanix/POS, NavMet and AATS-14 in lab successful
- Aug 8, start install RSP instrument Ashland
- Aug 9, FRR rep inspects RSP install
- Aug 10, test flight RSP successful
- Aug 12, PNNL Aviation Safety Meeting to review revised operations:  Approval has been received pending final paperwork from the aircraft operator
- Aug 17, DOE Aviation Safety Meeting:  DOE has approved the aircraft for ALIVE pending receipt of final paperwork from aircraft operator.
- Aug 31, Ames FRR
- Sep 8-10, instrument re-integration and test flight, Moffett Field
- Sep 11, transfer to Ponca City

## Single Point of Failure Review & Mitigation

- We do not see a “Single Point of Failure” for the J-31 ALIVE operations.
- Risk Matrix Examples
- Electronic fire
- Instrument breaking loose

## RISK MATRIX  AR 385-16, MIL-STD-882C, ATTC MEMO 70-12