# Presentation: 080823

## Agenda

-  Introduction/Background (Smith)
-  Measurement Concept (Smith)
-  Navy IOMI (Regeon)
-  GIFTS Implementation (Harrison)
-  NOAA Participation (NOAA)

## 20/20 Vision (Weather in Our Palm)

**  *****By the year 2020, to have the technology (observations and models) and techniques to digitize the earth’s surface and its atmosphere with a resolution of 1 km and 1 minute ***
***And***
*** ******for every individual to have personal and continuous access to weather observations and accurate weather forecasts through a “palm” computer/display unit******.     ***

## Requirements for  Accurate Weather Prediction

**  ****System for Continuous 4-Dimensional Data Assimilation**
**  ****High Spatial and Temporal Resolution Temperature, ****....****Moisture, and Wind Soundings with Global Coverage                  ****....****( the “glue” for assimilation of all other lower density data)**
**  ****Modeling Hydrological Processes on All Scales**
**  ****Modeling of Mesoscale Storm Dynamics**
**  ****Physics of Surface – Atmosphere Energy Exchange Processes**
**  ****Coupling of Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics**
**  ****Modeling Microphysics and Dynamics of Clouds and ****...****Aerosols and their Atmospheric Feedback Processes**

## Geostationary Satellite Milestones

**Suomi’s Spin Scan Camera **ATS-I (12/7/66) & -III (11/5/67)
- SMS-I (5/17/74) & SMS-II (2/6/75), GOES-1 (10/16/75), GOES-2 (6/6/77), GOES-3(6/16/78) – **Half-hourly Full Disk Vis/IR Imagery**
**VISSR Atmospheric Sounder** on GOES-4 (9/9/80)
- GOES-5 (5/22/81), GOES-6(4/28/83), GOES-7 (2/26/87)
**Atmospheric Layer Temperature and Water Vapor Information**
**3-Axis Stabilized GOES-8** (4/13/94)
- GOES-9 (5/23/95), GOES-10(4/25/97), GOES-11 (5/3/00)
**Rapid Scan Regional Imagery; Separate Sounder/Imager Operations**
**EO-3/IOMI GIFTS - Geostationary Imaging FTS** (10/?/04)
**High Spatial & Temporal Resolution Vertical Soundings**
- (Temperature, Moisture, Wind Velocity, CO, and O3 Soundings)
**Very Rapid Refresh Rate Visible and Multi-Spectral IR Imagery**
**Night-time (Low Light Level) Visible Imagery**
**Validates Technology for Next-Generation GOES**

**NMP Earth Observing-3 Mission **

**Breakthrough Technology To Revolutionize Temperature, Moisture, and Wind Sounding**

**A Presentation To The**
**Administrator, NOAA**
**May 26, 2000**

## GIFTS Evolving into a Tri-Agency Program

***Validate Revolutionary Earth Science Remote Sensing Technologies***

**Indian Ocean METOC Sensor***** ***
***High Resolution Visual & IR Imagery of the Indian Ocean To Support Navy Operations***

**GOES**
*** ******Technology Infusion***
***Processing and Applications Demonstration of Forecast Utility***
***  ***

## GIFTS Team Members

-    **W. Harrison (NASA) – Project Manager and Engineering Lead**
**   ****W. Smith (NASA) – Measurement Concept Provider and Science Lead**
**   ****G. Bingham (USU) – Co-I for Instrument Development**
**   ****H. Revercomb (UW) – Co-I for Calibration and Data Processing**
**   ****D. Hinton (NASA) –  Project Technologist for Technology Infusion**
**   ****H. Huang (UW) –  Mission Scientist for Algorithm Development and Data Processing**
**   ****J. Miller (NASA) – Deputy Project Manager for Instrument Engineering  **
**   ****R. Petersen (NOAA) – Mission Scientist for Meteorological Products Validation**
**   ****W. Menzel (NOAA) – Mission Scientist for NOAA Product Production and Dissemination**
**   ****R. Huppi (USU) – Mission Engineer for FTS Implementation **
**   ****D. Mooney (MIT-LL) – Systems Engineer for Technology Infusion into GOES-ABS**
**   ****C. Velden (UW) – Mission Scientist for Winds Validation **
**   ****P. Regeon (ONR) – IOMI Program Lead**
**   ****J. LeMarshall (BoM, Australia) – Mission Scientist for IOMI/GIFTS Data Processing**
**   **

## Geostationary Imaging FTS (GIFTS)

- EO-3

## (3.0 μm)

- 4.3 μm (2314 cm-1)
- CO2 Absorption Band

- (3.0 μm)

- (5.0 μm)

## Geostationary Imaging FTS (GIFTS)

***Measurement Objectives:***
**   ****Primary:**** ** **Greatly  Improve Weather Forecasts By Measuring the ****	****	****Horizontal and Vertical Flux of Water Vapor**
-                   Observe Temperature, Water Vapor, and Tracer Wind* Profiles with High 		Vertical, Horizontal, and Temporal Resolution
**   ****Secondary:** **Demonstrate Utility of Geostationary Satellites for ****	****	****	****Atmospheric Chemistry Studies**
- Observe Vertical Profiles and Transport of Radiatively Active Trace Gases including H2O, CO, O3
***Technology Basis:*** **Combine Measurement Technologies**
- 	Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) with Large area format Focal Plane 		Array (LFPA) utilizing Active Cooling and On-board Digital Processing
- * Uses the Horizontal Displacement of Cloud and Retrieved Water Vapor Features

## GIFTS - Heritage (1965 -     )

**Nimbus 3 & 4 IRIS**
**(1969-1972)**

**Aircraft HIS**
**(1977-     )**** **

**Ground/Marine-AERI**
**(1988-Present)**

**AIRS FTS/**
**METOP-IASI**
** ****(1987-    )**

**ITS/NPOESS-CrIS**
**(1990-    )**

**Aircraft-NAST**
**(1995 -     )**** **

**G-HIS**
**(1991-1997)**

**EO-3 GIFTS**
**(1996 -     )**** **

**GOES**

- First Satellite FTS

- ER-2 since 1985

- METOP (2002)

- Ships and Ground

- NPP (2005)

- Lab. Eng. Model
-  Demonstrated

- AIRS, CrIS, IASI, GIFTS Science Support

- Revolutionary GeoSat
- Sensor

## GIFTS Sensor Module

## GIFTS Spectral Coverage

## GIFTS Sounding Accuracy

## Geostationary Imaging FTS (GIFTS)

***Measurement Capabilities:*** **Imaging, Sounding, and Chemistry**
**   ****Full Disk Imagery** with < 10 minute refresh rate, IR (4 Km) /VIS (1 Km)
**   ****Regional (6000 km x 6000 km) Imagery, ** Multi-spectral IR and 			Day/night Visible Imagery,  with < 5 minute refresh rate
-               (3000 km x 3000 km < 1 min, 500 km x 500 km < 5 sec)
-    **Full Disk Sounding: ** Hourly Temperature, Moisture, and Winds for Global 		Forecasting
**   ****Regional (6000 km x 6000 km) Sounding:**  Half Hourly, High Spatial 		Resolution Temperature, Moisture, and Wind Soundings for Regional 		Weather Forecasting. (3000 km x 3000 km < 10 min)
**   ****Mesoscale (3000 km x 3000 km) Sounding: **Hourly, Ultra-high Vertical 		Resolution Soundings for Chemistry, Hazardous Weather Prediction 		Applications, and Self-Validation of Regional and Full Disk Products

## GIFTS Performance Relative to Current GOES Imager

_**	**__**Parameter**__**	**__**	**__**GOES**__**	**__**GIFTS**_
**Speed (full disk)****	****	****25 min****	****	**** < 10 min**
**Resolution (IFOV)****	****1 & 4 km****	****1 & 4 km**
**Channels****	****	****	****   5****	****	**** >100***
**Navigation Error****	****	****±4 km****	****	****±1 km**
**Registration****	****	****±25%****	****	****±10% FOV**
**Calibration Error (IR)     1 K ± 0.1 K ****	****<0.5 K ± 0.1 K**
- 		*** spectral bands and calibration enables quantitative use of imagery**

## GIFTS Performance Relative to Current GOES Sounder

- 1 Per 3000-km x 3000-km area
- 2 Vertical Resolution (3:1) per Area Resolution (4:1)  per
- 	Coverage Rate (6:1) relative to GOES

- GIFTS Atmospheric Chemistry Measurements

## Slide 21

## Airborne Demonstration of GIFTS

-  Measurement Capability

## NAST-I Demostrates GIFTS Water Vapor Profiling Capability (Sept. 14, 1998)

**NAST-I Cross-section Illustrating GIFTS Profiling Resolution**
** ****Wallops Is. Va to Dryden, Ca. (Aug. 27 1999)**

- DoE
-  ARM-site

## NAST-I Demonstration of GIFTS Water Vapor Feature Sensitivity

**300 Mb**

**500 Mb**

**850 Mb**

**CART-Site**

**CART-Site**

**CART-Site**

## GIFTS Simulation of Hurricane Bonnie: Winds from Water Vapor Retrieval Tracking

## IOMI-GIFTSIndian Ocean METOC ImagerGeostationary Imaging Fourier Transform Spectrometer

**Filling in the World’s Meteorological Data Void With High Resolution Imagery & Soundings**** **

***Current Available Coverage***

## NASA and NAVY Partnership

**NASA and NAVY Partnership**
**GIFTS/IOMI Enables Improved Global Weather Prediction**

***Inter-Agency/International Cooperation***

**Bureau of Meteorology Australia**

**Department of Commerce/NOAA**

**DoD/Space Test Program**

**Data to Naval**
**Centers/**
**Fleet Demo**

**Australian**
**Ground Station**
**& Data Processing**
**Center**

**Data to NOAA**
**Centers**

**Conus “1”**

**Conus “2”**

**Indian Ocean “3”**

## Australian Commitment

-  to the Indian Ocean GIFTS
-   Provision of the X-band ground station
-   Reception and ground processing of data
-   Generation and dissemination of data and
-    		products - including via the Global
-    		Telecommunications System (GTS)

- GIFTS

- Bureau of Meteorology
- Australia

## GIFTS – Summary of Benefits

**GIFTS – Summary of Benefits**

**  ****4-d ** **Observation and Understanding of Atmospheric Processes**
**  ****Assimilation of Frequent High Spatial Resolution Temperature and Moisture Soundings Constrain Short-term  Mesoscale Predictions to reality; e.g.,**
**  ****Environmental Winds ****>**** Hurricane Landfall Predictions**
**  ****Stability Dynamics ****>**** Severe Convective Storm Forecasts**
**  ****Tropospheric CO and O****3**** Measurements Enable **
**  ****Observation of Pollution Sources, Transport, and Sinks  **
**  ****Air Quality Forecasts within NWP Models**
**  ****Dynamic Observations of Cloud, Aerosol, and Fog Properties:**
**  ****Improved Aviation, Marine, and Auto Weather Advisories****  **

## GIFTS – The Big Picture Plan

**GIFTS – The Big Picture Plan**

**  ****GIFTS to be launched aboard a joint NASA/Navy satellite in late 2004**
**  ****GIFTS to be a tri-agency collaborative program                               ****	****(NASA, Navy, NOAA)**
**  ****GIFTS to reside in subsequent positions over the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, in view of the US mainland, for an 18 month period to:**
** ****conduct the NMP technology and measurement concept validation**
**  ****conduct a one year real-time product data processing, dissemination, and application program to demonstrate the operational utility of GIFTS data products. **

## GIFTS – The Big Picture Plan

**GIFTS – The Big Picture Plan**

**  ****GIFTS to be moved to the Indian Ocean in 2006 to as the imaging and sounding system for support of Navy operations in the IO region.  The data will also be received, processed, and disseminated by the Bureau of Meteorology, Australia, for the purpose of international extended range global forecast applications.**
**GIFTS technology could be an integral part of NOAA's operational GOES  sounding  system by the end of decade.**