# Presentation: 709915

## Maintenance Records and Alterations

***Boston Flight Standards District Office***

**Federal Aviation Administration**

## Maintenance Recordsand Alterations

*Don Small - Aviation Safety Inspector*
*Dick Rhuda- Aviation Safety Inspector*

## Introduction 

*Complete Maintenance Records.*
*(Alterations) Airframe, Powerplant, Propeller, or Appliances.*
*FAA Form 337.*

## Agenda

*Maintenance Records.*
*Break Time*
*Alterations and FAA Form 337.       (FAR 43 Appendixes “A & B”)*

## Overview 

*Content, form and disposition of aircraft records.*
*Aircraft owner or operator responsibilities.*
*Maintenance technician’s responsibility for recording of maintenance, preventive maintenance, rebuilding, alterations, repairs and inspections.*

## FAR Part I, “DEFINITIONS”:

***“******Maintenance” ****means inspection, overhaul, repair, preservation, and the replacement of parts, but excludes preventive maintenance.*
***“******Preventive Maintenance” ****means simple or minor preservation operations and the replacement of small standard parts not involving complex assembly operations.*

## FAR Part I,                          “MAJOR ALTERATION”

***“******Major Alteration” ****means an alteration not listed in the aircraft, aircraft engine, or propeller specifications - *

## “Major Alteration” cont.

*1. That might appreciably affect weight, balance, structural strength, performance, powerplant operation, flight characteristics, or other qualities affecting ****airworthiness****; or*

## “Major Alteration” cont.

*2.  That is not done according to accepted practices or cannot be done by elementary operations.*

## FAR Part I, “APPLIANCE” 

***“******Appliance” ****means any instrument, mechanism, equipment, part, apparatus, appurtenance, or accessory, including communications equipment, that is used or intended to be used in operating or controlling an aircraft in flight, is installed in or attached to the aircraft, and is not part of an airframe, engine, or propeller.*

## PHILOSOPHY

_***“***__***Voluntary Compliance”.***_
***Civil aviation safety & security depend primarily on voluntary adherence to legal requirements.***

## One of our foremost efforts to achieve compliance will be directed toward programs to promote a clear awareness and understanding of the governing regulations.

*One of our foremost efforts to achieve compliance will be directed toward programs to promote a clear awareness and understanding of the governing regulations.*

*Aviation Safety Seminar*

## FAR 91.417 (a) “MAINTENANCE RECORDS”

*Complete maintenance records should contain the following:*

***  ******ENGINE LOG BOOK    ***

## “Maintenance Records” cont.

*Airframe, Powerplant and Propeller maintenance records.*
*The total time in service for each.*
*The current status of life limited parts.*
*The time since last overhaul.*

## The current inspection status.

*The current inspection status.*
*The current status of A.D.’s.*
*Copies of FAA Form 337’s for major repairs and alterations.*

## FAR 91.417 (b)

*The Owner or Operator shall retain the following records for the periods prescribed:*

## The records for maintenance, preventive maintenance, alterations, 100 hour, annual, progressive and other required or approved inspections, shall be retained for: 

*The records for maintenance, preventive maintenance, alterations, 100 hour, annual, progressive and other required or approved inspections, shall be retained for: *

## 1 year after the work is performed or until the work is repeated or superseded by other work.

***1 year ****after the work is performed or until the work is repeated or superseded by other work.*

***Aircraft tools***

## The records containing total time, life limited parts, overhauls, inspections, A.D.’s, and 337 forms shall be:

*The records containing total time, life limited parts, overhauls, inspections, A.D.’s, and 337 forms shall be:*

## Retained and transferred with the aircraft at the time the aircraft is sold.

*Retained and transferred with the aircraft at the time the aircraft is sold.*

## FAA CERT. REPAIR STATIONSFAR 145.61

*Each ****FAA**** Certificated Repair Station shall maintain adequate records of all work that it does, and shall keep each record for:*

***REPAIR***
***STATION ***
***MANUAL***

## At least two years after the work it applies to is done.

*At least ****two years ****after the work it applies to is done.*

*** ******CRS***

## “RESPONSIBILITY OF RECORDKEEPING”

***“******RESPONSIBILITY OF RECORDKEEPING”***

## ADVISORY CIRCULAR 43-9B

*It is a shared responsibility by the Owner / Operator and Maintenance persons, with the ultimate responsibility to the Owner / Operator by FAR 91.  *

## “RETURN TO SERVICE”

*No person may operate an aircraft, airframe, engine, propeller, or appliance on which maintenance, preventive maint., or an alteration has been performed unless: *

## FAR 43.5 AND FAR 91.407

*It has been approved for return to service by a person authorized in FAR 43.*
*Maintenance record entries completed.*
*Form 337 C/W.*
*Flight manual revisions A/R.*

## FAR 43.9 “RECORD ENTRIES”

*Maintenance Records (except for inspections) shall contain the following information: *

## A description (or reference to data) of work performed.

*A description (or reference to data) of work performed.*
*The date of completion of the work.*
*The name of the person performing the work if other than specified below.*
*The signature, certificate number, and kind of certificate held by the person approving the work.*

## “DESCRIPTION OF WORK PERFORMED”

*The description should be in sufficient detail to permit a person unfamiliar with the work to understand what was done,      **	**	**and the ****methods**** and **	**	**	**	****procedures**** used in doing it.  **	**	**	**FAR 91.417 Maint. Records.*

## FAR 43.11, RECORD ENTRIES FOR INSPECTIONS 

*The person approving or disapproving for return to service after any inspection performed IAW Part 91, 123, 125, & 135 shall make an entry in the maintenance record the following:  *

## The type of inspection and a brief description of the extent of the insp.

*The type of inspection and a brief description of the extent of the insp.*
*The date of the inspection and the total time in service.*
*The signature, the certificate number, the kind of certificate held by the person approving or disapproving for return to service.*

## “Record entries for inspections” cont.

*If the owner maintains separate records for the airframe, powerplants, and propellers, the entry for the 100 hour or annual inspection is entered in ****each****.*
*After any required inspection, make an entry in the record of “****that****” equipment to be returned to service.*

## “I certify that this aircraft has been inspected in accordance with (insert type) inspection and was determined to be in airworthy condition.”

*“**I certify that this aircraft has been inspected in accordance with (insert type) inspection and was determined to be in ****airworthy**** condition.”*
*Richard W.Rhuda 123456789 IA*

## UNAIRWORTHY

_***UNAIRWORTHY***_

## “I certify that this aircraft has been inspected in accordance with (insert type) inspection and a list of discrepancies and unairworthy items dated 04/23/96 has been provided for the aircraft owner or operator.”

*“**I certify that this aircraft has been inspected in accordance with (insert type) inspection and a list of discrepancies and ****unairworthy**** items dated 04/23/96 has been provided for the aircraft owner or operator.”*
*Richard W. Rhuda 123456789 IA  *

## “LOST OR DESTROYED RECORDS” (RECONSTRUCT)

*Reestablish the ****total time ****in service of the airframe.  Reference other records reflecting time, maintenance facility records, records maintained by individual mechanics, ect..*
*Current status of applicable ****AD’s**** may require a detailed inspection establishing P/C/W or recompliance with the applicable ****AD****.*

## “Lost records”  cont.

*Losing maintenance records can be troublesome, costly, and time consuming.*
*Safekeeping of the records is an integral part of a good record system.*

## “Lost records” cont.

***FAR 91.417(c) ***
*Maintenance records shall be made available for inspection by the Administrator.*
_***Don’t lose your aircraft records!***_

## BREAK TIME

_***BREAK TIME***_

***               ***

## “MAJOR ALTERATIONS”

*Major alterations are to be recorded on FAA ****form 337****.  (FAR 43 Appendix B)*
*Give a signed copy of that form to the ****aircraft owner****.*
*Forward a copy of that form to the local FSDO within *_***48 HOURS***_*** ****after the approval for return to service.*

## FAR 43 APPENDIX “A” “MAJOR ALTERATIONS”

*Alterations of the following parts and alterations of the following types, when not listed in the A/C specs. issued by the FAA, are ****airframe major alterations:   ***

## “Airframe Major Alterations” cont.

*Wings *
*Tail surfaces*
*Fuselage*
*Engine mounts*
*Control system*
*Landing gear*
*Hull or floats*

*Elements of an airframe including spars, ribs, fittings, shock absorbers, bracing, cowling, fairings and balance weights.*

## “Airframe Major Alterations” cont.

*Rotor blades*
*Changes to the empty weight or empty balance which result in an increase in the max. certificated weight or CG limits of the aircraft. *

*Changes to the basic design of the fuel, oil, cooling, heating, cabin pressurization, electrical, hydraulic, de-icing, or exhaust systems. *

## “Airframe Major Alterations” cont.

*Changes to the wing or to fixed or movable control surfaces which affect flutter and vibration characteristics.*
*Hydraulic & ele. actuating system of components.*

## “POWERPLANT MAJOR ALTERATIONS”

*The following alterations of a powerplant when not listed in the engine specs. issued by the FAA, are ****powerplant major alterations: ***

## “Powerplant Major Alterations” cont. 

*Conversion of an aircraft engine from one approved model to another, involving and changes in compression ratio, propeller reduction gear, impeller gear ratios or;  *

*The substitution of major engine parts which requires extensive rework and testing of the engine. *

## “Powerplant Major Alterations” cont.

*Changes to the engine by replacing aircraft engine structural parts with parts not supplied by the original manufactures or parts not specifically approved by ****FAA****.*

*Installation of an accessory which is not approved for the engine.*
*Removal of accessories that are listed as required equipment on the aircraft or engine specification.*

## “Powerplant Major Alterations” cont.

*Installation of structural parts other than the type of parts approved for the installation.*
*Conversions of any sort for the purpose of using fuel of a rating/grade other than listed in specs.*

## “PROPELLER MAJOR ALTERATIONS”

## “Propeller Major Alteration” cont.

*Changes in blade design*
*Changes in hub design*
*Changes in the governor or control design*

*Installation of a prop governor or feathering system *
*Installation of prop de-icing system*
*Installation of parts not approved for the propeller*

## “APPLIANCE MAJOR ALTERATION”

*Alterations of the basic design not made IAW recommendations of the appliance mfg.. or IAW an FAA A.D. note are ****appliance major alterations.***

## “Appliance Major Alteration” cont.

*In addition, changes in the basic design of radio comm. & nav. equipment approved under a TC or TSO that have an effect on freq. stability, noise level, sensitivity, selectivity, distortion, spurious radiation, AVC characteristics, or ability to meet environmental test conditions & other changes that have an effect on the performance of the equipment.*

## “FAA FORM 337”

***Major repair and alterations ****for airframe, powerplant, propeller, or appliance.*
*The form is to provide aircraft owners and operators with a record of major repairs or alterations indicating details and approval.*

## “FAA form 337” cont.

*The form is to provide the ****FAA ****with a copy for inclusion in the aircraft records at the ****FAA Aircraft Registration Branch, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.***

## Summary

***Maintenance Records***
***Responsibilities***
***Return to service***
***Alterations***
***FAA form 337***

## Where do I get more information?

***Aviation Safety Programs***
***Advisory Circulars***
***Federal Aviation Regulations***
***Your Local FAA Flight Standards District Office  (FSDO)***

## **THANK YOU**

***BOSTON***

***FSDO***

## Slide 59