# Presentation: 116794

## ISS Commercial Cargo ServiceIndustry Day Conference

April 25, 2005

***281.244.7097***

***ISS Commercial Cargo Service******Industry Day Conference***
***April 25, 2005***

*ISS Commercial Cargo Service:** **Requirements & Constraints Summary*

## Purpose & Agenda

***Purpose***
***Present preliminary ISS Commercial Cargo Service (ICCS) requirements***
***Agenda***
***Philosophy***
***ICCS Scenario***
***ICCS Flight Rate ***
***Cargo Categories ***
***Cargo Delivery***
***Cargo Packaging***
***Late & Early Access***
***Environment***
***Power to Payloads***
***Rendezvous, Prox Ops Aids***
***Flight Attitude ***

***Mating Location Options***
***ISS Docking & Berthing***
***Vehicle Stay Time***
***ISS Resource Availability***
***Robotic & EVA Compatibility***
***Return Cargo***
***Cargo Balance Data***
***Key Req’s Summary***
***Conclusion***

## Requirements PhilosophyService vs. Spacecraft Acquisition

***NASA is acquiring services, not spacecraft***
***ISS requirements for integration of visiting vehicles still applicable***
***Prox ops, docking, berthing, robotics, interfaces, attached operations, resource availability, safety, etc.***
***ICCS annual cargo needs specified for maximum and minimum performance levels***

## ISS Commercial Cargo Service (ICCS) Scenario

*ISS Commercial Cargo Service **(ICCS) Scenario*

***ISS Program will provide ISS cargo to ICCS provider***
***ICCS will be responsible for Installing cargo, securing in spacecraft, and flying it to and from the ISS***
***ISS crew will unload ICCS vehicles and repack for return***
***ICCS will recover returned cargo and deliver to NASA***

## ICCS Cargo Vehicle Flight Rate

***Demonstration flights to ISS begin no later than CY 2010 Q1***
***Shuttle retirement Dec 2010***
***ICCS vehicle flight rate limited to about 6 flights/year***
***Crew time impact for arrival and departure operations***
***Impact to micro-g operations, still important to ISS partners***
***Soyuz, Progress, ATV, HTV vehicles visit 10 to 12 times / year in total***
***ICCS must be able to respond to a cargo service request within 180 days***
***Unexpected need for crew supplies, maintenance, utilization, etc. ***

- ISS Commercial Cargo Services Requirements

## ISS Cargo Categories

***Assembly hardware***
***Not ICCS requirement***
***Crew Supplies***
***Food***
***Water***
***Gas***
***Flight crew equipment***
***Maintenance***
***Internal & external ORUs***
*Preventative and corrective maintenance*
***Utilization/Research***
***Research equipment, experiments***
***Laboratory consumables***
***Live specimens***

***ISS Cargo Transportation by Cargo Type***

***Matt Scheutz & Neil Lemmons / SABER SAI***

## Cargo Packaging

***ISS Rack delivery ***_***not***_*** required***
***Internal cargo usually in soft sided stowage bags***
***Some cargo requires hard mounting***
***Large external ORUs – CMGs, TCS pumps, etc.***
***TCS radiators excluded because of spares already in orbit and projected need***
***Experiment packages ***
***Express rack drawers***

***Thermal System Pump/Valve Assembly***

## ISS Cargo Delivery to ICCS

***About half the ISS cargo delivery to ICCS will occur by Launch – 3 months***
***Over 40% of the cargo complement may not be defined until inside six months from launch***
***Flexibility for late manifesting important***

## Late and Early Utilization Cargo Access

***Various payloads, such as plants and animals require late loading into the cargo vehicle***
*Cargo service/vehicle should provide cargo access as late as 6 hours before launch*
***Returning payload specimens and samples will need to be removed from the cargo vehicle shortly after landing***
*The cargo service/vehicle should provide the capability to remove the payload from the cargo vehicle within 4 hours after returning to Earth*

- ISS Commercial Cargo Services Requirements

## Cargo Environment

***ICCS must provide environment for cargo within ISS’s currently certified limits***
***NASA not planning to certify ISS cargo for new environments***
***Loads, thermal, etc.***

## Power/Thermal to Payloads

***ICCS payload power and thermal requirements during transportation ***
***500 W average ***
***1500 W peak***
***Return power assumed to equal delivery power needed***

- ISS Commercial Cargo Services Requirements

## ISS Flight Attitude

***ICCS vehicles must dock and mate with the ISS in its normal operational flight attitude***
***X VV Z Nadir TEA***
*X body axis on velocity vector*
*Z body axis down/nadir*
*TEA – Torque Equilibrium Attitude*

## ISS Rendezvous, Prox Ops, Docking, Berthing Aids

***No existing automated rendezvous & docking (AR&D) system to US segment***
***ISS provides visual aids for Shuttle prox ops/docking***
***ICCS provided AR&D system for ISS is an available solution option***
***HTV automated rendezvous to robotic capture and berthing***
***DGPS & TCS navigation***
***R-Bar approach to ISS nadir capture box – robotic berthing to Node 2 nadir***
***Soyuz, Progress, and ESA ATV vehicles use Russian RF based, rendezvous & docking system***
***Applicable for dockings to ISS Russian segment ***
*Service Module (SM) aft*
* **SM/Docking Compartment nadir*
*FGB nadir*

## ISS Mating Location Options

***ISS will have nine candidate ports for attaching vehicles or modules – each with different pros and cons***

## ISS Mating Location Options

***The ports on the Russian Segment will be occupied nearly continuously with Soyuz, Progress, and ATVs***
***Additional vehicles can visit these ports but will decrease the docked time of Progress and ATVs***
***The US Segment’s ports have low occupancy rate***
***Attaching to the US Segment offers more flexibility***

- ISS Commercial Cargo Services Requirements

## ISS Docking & Berthing Ports

***ISS dockings to US Segment use Russia’s Androgynous Peripheral Attachment System (APAS)***
***+X Body: PMA2***
***+Z Body: PMA3***
***~ 30 inch diameter***
***ISS module interfaces use Common Berthing Mechanisms (CBMs)***
***ISS robotic capture & mating only***
***MPLM, HTV***
***~80 inch diameter***

***CBM on Airlock Module***

***APAS on PMA***

## Vehicle Stay Time

***ICCS vehicles must stay at ISS long enough to transfer cargo to and from ISS***
***Cargo transfer ops consume considerable crew time***
***Seven day minimum stay time regardless of cargo transfer time***
***Maximum stay time dependent on ISS operational vehicle traffic and port utilization plans***
***Longer stay time improves ISS operational flexibility***

***HTV at Node 2 Nadir CBM***

## ISS Resources for ICCS Vehicles

*ISS Resources for ICCS Vehicles*

***Power***
***Allocation of 500 W average, 1500 W peak  for ICCS***
***Typically 3 KW capacity***
***Thermal***
***Thermal water loops available at Node 2 Nadir, Node 3, and Node 1 port side CBMs***
*~ 3 KW capacity*
***Allocation of 500 W average heat rejection***
***Inter-module ventilation***
***Command & Data Handling (C&DH)***
***Vehicle health, safety monitoring***
***1553 data bus interfaces***

***Typical Interfaces at CBM Vestibule***

## Robotic & EVA Compatibility

***ICCS external cargo must be compatible with ISS US Segment robotic systems and EVA handling***
***SSRMS***
***Special Purpose Dexterous Manipulator (SPDM/Dextre)***
***Mobile Transporter***

## Cargo Return & Disposal

***ICCS vehicles must have the capability to safely return cargo to Earth***
*Internal cargo: 11 MT/yr max, 1 MT/yr min*
*External cargo: 3.3 MT/yr max, 0 min*
***Cargo disposal required for portion of ISS cargo***
*Safe disposal requirements for expendable vehicles must be satisfied*
*Internal cargo: 8.3 MT/yr max, 400 kg/yr min*
*External cargo: 2.2 MT/yr max, 1400 kg/yr min*

***Destructive Entry***

***Cargo Recovery***

## Cargo Return After Landing

***ICCS must return cargo to NASA soon after landing***
***Critical cargo items within first day***
***Remaining cargo within 14 days***

## ISS Cargo Supply/Delivery Balance with Shuttle Retirement

***Assembly Hardware is not included***
***Accommodation masses are not included***
***Crew rotation mass not included***

***3 ISS Crew***

***6 ISS Crew***

***6 ISS Crew***

***ISS Assembly***

***ISS Assembly Complete***

***Crew Supplies, Water, and Gas***

***Internal Maintenance and EVA Hardware***

***Internal Utilization***

***External Utilization***

***External Maintenance***

***U.S. - Russian Bilateral Obligations***

*Baseline Capability*

*Commercial Cargo Services*

***Matt Scheutz & Neil Lemmons / SABER SAI***

## PhilosophyMaximum Cargo Requirements

***ICCS maximum cargo requirements***
***Based on making up shortfall from baseline partner cargo delivery contribution***
***Includes latest available updates in need for crew supplies, maintenance, utilization, gas, & water***
*New NASA ISS USOS utilization requirements official update expected in coming weeks from ESMD – preliminary requirements received recently*

## PhilosophyMinimum Cargo Requirements 

***ICCS minimum cargo requirements basis***
*** ******Make up shortfall from baseline partner contributions and ISS cargo needs with reductions in maintenance & utilization***
***Crew Supplies***
*No further reduction, already at minimum acceptable level*
***Maintenance (L&M provided minimum requirement)***
*Internal maintenance reduced 20%*
*External maintenance*
*Assumes 57 FRAM Eq of pre-positioned maintenance/spare **ORUs at Shuttle retirement *
*Reduced failure rates** *
***Utilization***
*NASA program *
*Internal : 2000 kg/yr internal cargo delivery*
*External: Zero*
*IP Research Program *
*Internal:  2650 kg*
*External:  440 kg*
***Return Cargo***
* **1000 kg/yr – internal cargo only*

## ISS NASA/JAXA/ESA/CSACargo Demand/Delivery Balance Summary

***ISS NASA/JAXA/ESA/CSA****Cargo Demand/Delivery Balance Summary*

***Assembly Hardware is not included***
***Accommodation masses are not included***
***Crew rotation mass not included***

***3 ISS Crew***

***6 ISS Crew***

***6 ISS Crew***

***ISS Assembly***

***ISS Assembly Complete***

***Crew Supplies, Water, and Gas***

***Internal Maintenance and EVA Hardware***

***Internal Utilization***

***External Utilization***

***External Maintenance***

***U.S. - Russian Bilateral Obligations***

*Baseline Capability*

*ICCS Min Capability*

*ICCS Max Capability*

***Matt Scheutz & Neil Lemmons / SABER SAI***

## ISS NASA/JAXA/ESA/CSA CargoInternal Demand/Delivery Balance

*ICCS Max Capability*

***Assembly Hardware is not included***
***Accommodation masses are not included***
***Crew rotation mass not included***

***Matt Scheutz & Neil Lemmons / SABER SAI***

*ICCS Min Capability*

*Baseline Capability*

## ISS NASA/JAXA/ESA/CSA CargoExternal Demand/Delivery Balance

***ISS NASA/JAXA/ESA/CSA Cargo****External Demand/Delivery Balance*

*ICCS Max Capability*

*Baseline Capability*

***Assembly Hardware is not included***
***Accommodation masses are not included***

*ICCS Min Capability*

***Matt Scheutz & Neil Lemmons / SABER SAI***

## ISS NASA/JAXA/ESA/CSA CargoWater Demand/Delivery Balance

***ISS NASA/JAXA/ESA/CSA Cargo****Water Demand/Delivery Balance*

*ICCS Max Capability*

*Baseline Capability*

***Accommodation masses are not included***

*ICCS Min Capability*

***Matt Scheutz & Neil Lemmons / SABER SAI***

## ISS NASA/JAXA/ESA/CSA CargoGas Demand/Delivery Balance

***ISS NASA/JAXA/ESA/CSA Cargo****Gas Demand/Delivery Balance*

*ICCS Max Capability*

*Baseline Capability*

***Accommodation masses are not included***

*ICCS Min Capability*

***Matt Scheutz & Neil Lemmons / SABER SAI***

## ISS NASA/JAXA/ESA/CSA CargoReturn Cargo

***ISS NASA/JAXA/ESA/CSA Cargo****Return Cargo*

***3 ISS Crew***

***6 ISS Crew***

***6 ISS Crew***

***ISS Assembly***

***ISS Assembly Complete***

***Crew Supplies, Water, and Gas***

***Internal Maintenance and EVA Hardware***

***Internal Utilization***

***External Utilization***

***External Maintenance***

***U.S. - Russian Bilateral Obligations***

*Baseline Capability*

*ICCS Max Capability*

*ICCS Min Capability *

***Matt Scheutz & Neil Lemmons / SABER SAI***

## Key ICCS Requirements Summary

## Conclusion

*Conclusion*

***The ISS’s cargo requirements are mature enough to begin acquisition of an ISS Commercial Cargo Service***
*The “ICCS Commercial Maximum” satisfies current projections for NASA/JAXA/ESA/CSA cargo delivery demand*
*The “ICCS Commercial Minimum” may be acceptable if key risk areas have optimistic outcomes and utilization cargo need is substantially reduced  *
***ICCS requirements revision planned after official NASA utilization requirements update -- expected in coming weeks***