# Presentation: 675824

## UAVUF 118 Night Falcon

- ONE OF THE ULTIMATE DEFENSE SYSTEMS
- FROM SURVAILLANCE TO TAKING OUT ANYTHING THAT MOVES

## DESIGNED AND CREATED BY 

- RANDY PARRILLA
- ROBERT BROWN
- EMANUEL TOWNS II

## THE PURPOSE AND GOAL

**Design a plane that can be used for both scientific purposes and for the military**
**The plane must be**
**Flexible**
**Adaptable**
**Capable of performing reconnaissance work**
**Geo-Mapping ready**
**Able to collect samples of various pollutants**
**Ready to conduct “Search and Destroy” missions**
**Prepared to research in general**

## UAV CONCEPTUAL DESIGNS

**The Three Original Designs**

## CONCEPTUAL DESIGN #1

## THE FIRST CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

**Able to reach high speeds**
**Very Maneuverable**
**Flight ceiling - 20000 ft**
**Ability to carry a medium sized payload**

**Nose Cone is detachable so that Equipment can be added for different missions**

**Single Fuselage Monoplane**

## THE FIRST CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

**Uses one propeller**
**Uses an:**
**FX 60-100 Airfoil or**
**Eppler 423 Airfoil**
**Monoplane with a 5 foot wingspan**
**Uses either a gas engine or electric motor**
**Electric -> if we choose this, we will use either batteries or fuel cells**

## THE SECOND CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

- Front

- Front

## THE SECOND CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

**Able to reach relatively high speeds**
**Slightly maneuverable**
**Flight ceiling between 25000 ft and 30000 ft**

**Carries heavy loads**
**Consists of multiple booms that can carry various forms of equipment**

**Multi-Fuselage Monoplane**

## THE SECOND CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

**Uses two propellers**
**Uses an:**
**FX 60-100 Airfoil or**
**Eppler 423 Airfoil**
**Monoplane with an eight-foot wingspan**
**Uses either a gas engine or electric motor**
**Electric -> if we choose this, we will use either batteries or fuel cells**

## THE THIRD CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

## THE THIRD CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

**Can only travel at low speeds**
**High maneuverability**
**Flight ceiling between 10000 ft and 15000 ft**

**Carries heavy loads**

**Single-Fuselage Biplane**

## THE THIRD CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

**Uses one propeller**
**Uses an:**
**Eppler 423 Airfoil**
**Biplane**
**Top wing has a span of 5 feet**
**Bottom wing has a span of 4.5 feet**
**Uses either a gas engine or electric motor**
**Electric -> if we choose this, we will use either batteries or fuel cells**

## Electric Engine

**S28-400**
**4.5 Horsepower or More (depending on voltage)**
**6.9 Lbs**
**4900 max RPM**
**24 Volts**
**83% Optimum Efficiency**

## DESIGNING THE AIRFOILS

## Eppler 423

**This wing design allows for a great amount of lift**
**Because of the foil’s ability to gain a great amount of lift the foils have a greater ratio of weight for every cubic inch of the wing**
**However, this airfoil creates a great deal of drag, therefore it is used for slow moving aircrafts**
**Uses a sharply curve top edge but a very shallow edge on the bottom to gain this effect needed for its great amount of lift**
**However this means that the plane cannot achieve the same maneuverability as faster moving fighters or planes that surpass supersonic speeds**

## Clark Y

**This wing design is similar to that of the Eppler**
**The Clark Y provides a high lift coefficient, but not as high as the Eppler 423**
**It has a shallower top curve than the Eppler’s airfoil design, and the bottom curve is at a lower angle of attack to provide less drag.**

## Wortmann FX 60-100

**The airfoil design is specifically used for certain fighter planes (F14, F16, F17, etc.)**
**It provides a relatively high amount of lift, as well as being aerodynamic enough to reach high speeds.**
**The camber is slightly greater than the Clark Y, but 3 times smaller than that of the Eppler 423.**

## CHOOSING A FUEL SOURCE

## Gasoline

**Gas**** powered engines have the capability of ****having high**** power and torque.**
**Gas powered engines ****are relatively small**** and efficient.**
**However, gas powered engines are not as efficient as electrical or fuel cell engines and therefore require a higher amount of fuel to last longer.**
**Too much fuel would weigh down the plane making the engine work harder to provide thrust.**

- GAS IS EXPENSIVE!

## Battery/Electricity

**Batteries allow for the ability to change the horsepower which can make the engine efficient**
**The engine that we want to use optimally uses neodyne magnets making the resistance decrease and the electric engine more effective**
**The neodyne magnets allow for a great deal of horsepower to be produced even at a low voltage**

- Neodyne Magnets

## Fuel Cell

**Fuel Cells use hydrogen which has a much smaller density than gasoline**
**Density of H****2 ****= 0.07 grams per cc**
**Density of Gas = 0.75 grams per cc**
**The energy output of 9.5 kg of H****2**** is the same as the energy output of 25kg of gasoline.**
**The difficulty lies in the storage.**
**Liquid H****2**** is achieved at -259.2 C @ 1 atm**

## FINALIZING THE DESIGN

## Ranking the Conceptual Designs

|   | Multi-Fuselage | Single Monoplane | Single Biplane |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Cost | 4 | 5 | 3 |
| Drag | 3 | 4 | 2 |
| Lift | 4 | 2 | 5 |
| Size | 4 | 5 | 3 |
| Weight | 4 | 3 | 2 |
| Total | 19 | 19 | 15 |

## Ranking The Wing Design

|   | Eppler 423 | Clark Y | FX 60-100 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Cost | 5 | 3 | 4 |
| Lift Coeff. | 5 | 2 | 3 |
| Drag | 3 | 4 | 2 |
| Total | 13 | 9 | 9 |

## Ranking The Engine Designs

|   | Fuel Cell | Gasoline | Battery Powered |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Cost | 3 | 5 | 4 |
| Power | 5 | 4 | 3 |
| Efficiency | 5 | 3 | 4 |
| Weight | 5 | 4 | 4 |
| Ratings | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Total | 22 | 20 | 19 |

## HOW THE DESIGN WAS CREATED

**This design was adapted from Dick Rutan’s Voyager, which made the first nonstop round-the-world flight**
**This design, however, is meant to be used for military or scientific use**

## Works Cited / Links

- _[http://](http://www.robotcombat.com/marketplace_magmotors.html)__[www.robotcombat.com/marketplace_magmotors.html](http://www.robotcombat.com/marketplace_magmotors.html)_
- http://www.nasg.com/afdb/show-airfoil-e.phtml?id=291
- http://www.euweb.de/fuel-cell-bus/storage.htm_[http://www.e-sources.com/fuelcell/fcexpln.html](http://www.e-sources.com/fuelcell/fcexpln.html)_
- http://www.robotcombat.com/marketplace_magmotors.html
- http://www.hyweb.de/Knowledge/w-i-energiew-eng2.html
- http://www.ae.su.oz.au/aero/propeller/prop1.html
- http://www.euweb.de/fuel-cell-bus/storage.htm
- http://www.eere.energy.gov/hydrogenandfuelcells/storage/hydrogen_storage.html