# Presentation: 740111

## Planning Systemsfor Distributed Operations

**Theresa G. Maxwell**
- NASA Marshall Space Flight Center
- Flight Projects Directorate
-  Ground Systems Department
- Mission Support Systems Group (FD42)
- 256-544-2232
- theresa.g.maxwell@nasa.gov

## Content

- Planning Systems - Our Heritage
- Evolution of planning systems
- International Space Station Distributed Planning
- Payload Planning System (PPS)
- PPS Overview
- User Requirements Collection
- Activity Scheduling
- Data System Routing and Configuration
- Planning Products
- Where Do We Go From Here?
- Enhance support for distributed planning
- Robust planning capabilities
- Request-Oriented Scheduling Engine (ROSE)
- Next Generation Planning System
- References

## Planning Systems - Our Heritage

**1980**

**1990**

**2000**

- _Shuttle / Spacelab Payload Planning_
-  Experiment Scheduling System (ESS)
-  Mission Integration Planning System (MIPS)
-  Spacelab Data Flow System (SDFS)

- _International Space Station (ISS) Payload Planning_
-  Payload Planning System (PPS)

- _Ongoing Research / Future Programs_
-  Request-Oriented Scheduling Engine (ROSE)
-  Next Generation Planning System

_***Emphasis on Planning for***_***:***
***Manned Space Flight***
***Payload Operations***
***Complex Missions and Systems***

## Planning Systems Evolution

_**PAST:  Shuttle/Spacelab – **__***Centralized Planning***_
-  Centralized planning by expert mission planners
-  Manpower-intensive planning job
-  Limited access to planning software

_**PRESENT:  International Space Station (ISS) -  **__***Distributed Planning***_
-  Planning functions are distributed to remote experts
-  Multiple space agencies/centers build pieces of ISS plan
-  Remote Payload Developers (PDs) define planning requirements
-  Manpower-intensive
-  Planning software is distributed
-  Multiple specialized planning systems working in concert
-  Remote PD software access for planning inputs and products

_**FUTURE:  **__***Where Do We Go From Here?***_
-  Enhance support for distributed planning
-  Centralized planning
-  ISS-type distributed planning
-  Alternate concepts (e.g., distribute planning to PDs or Crew)
-  Reduce operations costs

## International Space Station (ISS)Distributed Planning

- International Space Station (ISS)Distributed Planning

- Multiple organizations participate in developing a single integrated plan for ISS operations
- “Pieces” of the plan developed concurrently by the distributed experts
- Pieces then integrated
- _ISS Planning Organizations/Functions:_
- NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC)
- U.S. systems plans
- Overall ISS plan integration
***NASA Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC)***
***U.S. payload plans***
***ISS payload plan integration***
- Russian Aviation & Space Agency (RASA)
- RASA system/payload plans
- National Space Development Agency of Japan  (NASDA)
- NASDA system/payload plans
- European Space Agency (ESA)
- ESA system/payload plans

**Integrated Planning**
**System (IPS)**

**Payload**
**Planning**
**System (PPS)**

**JEM Execute Planning System **
**(J-EPS)**
**J-PLAN**

**Operations Preparation and Planning System (OPPS) **

**Scheduling and Planning System  (SPOM) **

***Interface***
***Files***

***NASA JSC***

***NASA MSFC***

***NASDA***

***ESA***

***RASA***

**ISS Planning Systems***

**** Each system specialized, with some tool sharing***

## Payload Planning System (PPS)Overview

- Payload Planning System (PPS)Overview

-   The *Payload Planning System*  (PPS) is a software system used at NASA MSFC for the planning of payload operations on the International Space Station (ISS)
- Supports ISS *distributed planning *
-  U.S. Payload planning
-  Payload plan integration
-  ISS data system planning
-  Used for all ISS planning phases (pre-mission, weekly, real-time)
- Re-engineering in progress to better meet user needs, and to reduce long term O&M costs
- _PPS Users:_
-  Mission planners at MSFC
-  Remote payload users
-  Other operations personnel

**User Requirements Collection**

**Planning Products**

**Activity Planning and Scheduling**

**Data System Routing and Configuration**

***External Planning ***
***Systems***

***HOSC/POIC***
***Systems***

**Planning **
**Data**

**Planning **
**Data**

**Major PPS Functions**

**Web Applications**

**Hosting, **
**Security, etc.**

## PPS - User Requirements Collection (URC)

- Web application used by remote payload users to define/submit their planning requirements
- Major functions:
- Graphical interface for inputting requirements data
- Sequences of Activities to be planned
- Repetition/timing requirements
- Temporal relationships
- Resource & condition requirements
- Execution data (procedures, etc.)
- Verification/Promotion of submitted data
- Reports
- Developing ‘back-end’ to automate conversion of user inputs to format required by the scheduling software

## PPS - Activity Planning & Scheduling

- Utilized by mission planners to generate activity timelines for ISS
- Consolidated Planning System (CPS)
- Provided by NASA Johnson Space Center
- All ISS planning systems utilize the CPS software to some degree
- Major functions:
- Modeling of resource availabilities/constraints
- Modeling of activities & sequences
- Interface to flight mechanics software for orbit and communications opportunities
- Automated planning and scheduling of activities & sequences
- Resource utilization tracking
- Timeline editing
- Integration & verification of multiple timelines
- Generation of inputs to onboard crew plans (Onboard Short Term Plan – OSTP)

## PPS - Data System Routing and Configuration (DSRC)

- Utilized by data system planners to plan the routing of digital/video data from onboard sources to the ground
- Centralized function occurring after activity timeline integration
- Major functions:
- Modeling of onboard data system elements, connectivity, and constraints
- Automated planning of data system routing and configurations, including:
- Data routing through onboard system
- System reconfigurations
- Recorder fill/dump plans
- Editing of data system routing and configuration schedules
- Verification of data system schedules
- Reports (Data Flow Plan)

- APS     - Automated Payload Switch
- COR    - Communications Outage Recorder
- HRFM - High Rate Frame Multiplexer
- HRL     - High Rate Link (<=100 Mbps)
- HRM    - High Rate Modem
- ISPR     - International Standard Payload Rack
- LR        - Low Rate (<=1 Mbps)
- MDM   - Multiplexer/Demultiplexer
- PEHG  - Payload Ethernet Hub Gateway
- TDRS   - Tracking and Data Relay Satellite
- VCU     - Video Compression Unit
- VSU      - Video Switching Unit
- VTR     - Video Tape Recorder
- WSGT  - White Sands Ground Terminal

## PPS  - Planning Products

- Web application providing remote access to planning reports
- Major functions:
- View/print/save a report
- Specify report parameters
- Reports:
- Data Flow Plan
- User Requirements reports
- Data Producing Activity report
- Ad hoc reports from PPS database

## Where Do We Go From Here?

_**GOAL: Enhance Support for Distributed Planning**_
** ****Remote access to planning tools & data**
** ****Architectures which support distributed planning**
** ****Reduce special expertise needed to perform planning**

_**GOAL: Reduce Operations Costs**_
** ****Eliminate unnecessary manual tasks**
** ****Better integrate multiple planning functions, e.g.,**
** ****Activity planning/scheduling**
** ****Data system planning**
** ****Other resource planning**
-  **Eliminate multiple plan edits (e.g., Ground & Onboard)**

*Need Robust Planning Capabilities*

**Supports**

## Enhance Support for Distributed Planning

- _Our strategy_:  Develop core capabilities which can be packaged in various ways to distribute planning functions, based on individual expertise and need

**Common Scheduling Engine Kernel**

**Request-Oriented**
**Scheduler**

**Traditional **
**“****Batch” Scheduler**

**Timeline Editor /**
**Re-Scheduler**

**Planning Data**

_***Benefits***_***: ***
*** ******Enhances distributed planning support ***
*** ******Potential to Eliminate Multiple Plan Edits***

## Robust Planning Capabilities

- _Our strategy_:  Enable more automated planning through:
- Maximally expressive modeling of requirements and constraints
- Robust scheduling engine which can handle the expressive models

_***Benefits:***_
*** ******Reduces expertise required for planning***
*** ******Enhances distributed planning support ***
*** ******Eliminates unnecessary manual tasks***
****** *****Reduces operations costs***

## Actual Example of ISS Planning Requirements (ADVASC payload)

## Request-Oriented Scheduling Engine (ROSE)

- Current Ground Systems Department (GSD) research/development project
- Key features:
- Maximally expressive modeling capability (extensions to URC functionality)
- Ability to automatically schedule these complex models (in work)
- Architecture which allows multiple remote customers/users to concurrently add activities to a single timeline

## Next Generation Planning System(New development project)

- Next Generation Planning System(New development project)

- Generic planning system
- Modular, extensible, scalable, tailorable
- Modeling/scheduling based on ROSE research
- Adds* “****Infrastructure****”* planning:
- Integrated/generic solution for planning of resource usage
- e.g., resource loading, routing, & replenishment; equipment configuration and setup
_***Benefits:***_***                                             ******Better integrates multiple planning functions, e.g.,***
***Activity scheduling***
***Data system planning***
***Other resource planning***

## References

- For more information, please visit the following sites:
- Ground Systems Department (GSD) customer page
- _https://gsd.msfc.nasa.gov/_
- Payload Planning System (PPS)
- _https://gsd.msfc.nasa.gov/PPS/_
- Request-Oriented Scheduling Engine (ROSE)
- _https://gsd.msfc.nasa.gov/ROSE/_
- Interim User Requirements Collection (iURC) software
- _https://gsd.msfc.nasa.gov/iURC/_
- Published technical papers
- _https://gsd.msfc.nasa.gov/FD40/papers/_

## Acronyms

- ADVASC	Advanced Astroculture
- CPS		Consolidated Planning System
- DSRC		Data System Routing and Configuration
- FPD		Flight Projects Directorate
- GSD		Ground Systems Department
- HOSC		Huntsville Operations Support Center
- iURC		Interim User Requirements Collection
- ISS			International Space Station
- MSFC		Marshall Space Flight Center
- NASA		National Aeronautics and Space Administration
- PD			Payload Developer
- POIC		Payload Operations Integration Center
- PPS		Payload Planning System
- ROSE		Request-Oriented Scheduling Engine
- URC		User Requirements Collection