# Presentation: 252529

## Lindbergh Field International AirportNew Terminal

**Bill Mahoney**
**LSW Engineers**

## Lindbergh Field International Airport

**Two original terminals**
**New terminal added, 320,000 square feet**
**750,000 square feet total in 3 terminals**
**Concrete or metal panel & insulated steel framed walls**
**Concrete filled metal deck with rigid insulation**

## Lindbergh Field International Airport Original Equipment

**Serving 2 original terminals**
**30 year old water cooled centrifugal chillers**
**R-11 refrigerant, 400 to 600 tons, 0.80 kW/ton**
**Cooling towers for heat rejection**
**Constant volume pumping **
**Constant volume single duct reheat air delivery system**
**Mix of pneumatic and direct digital controls**

## Lindbergh Field International Airport Project Scenario

**Need for airport expansion**
**Original central plants old and inefficient**
**Not enough cooling capacity in original terminals, frequently above comfort range**
**Equipment for all 3 terminals consolidated into one new central plant**

## Lindbergh Field International Airport Project Challenges

**Fast construction track**
**9 months to build plant**
**Coordinating construction of new plant with existing terminal renovations**
**keeping existing terminal cooled**
**Routing distribution system through operating parking areas & landside of terminals**

## Lindbergh Field International Airport  New Cooling Plant

**Four 800 ton electric centrifugal chillers**
**R-123 refrigerant, 0.49 kW/ton at full load**
**one chiller has a variable speed drive for part load performance of less than 0.40 kW/ton**
**Four oversized cooling towers**
**provide 80°F condenser water at design conditions**
**Condenser water pumps with individual tower bypass **
**individual setpoints for each chiller**
**Primary/secondary/tertiary chilled water system**
**constant speed primary pumps, variable secondary & tertiary pumps**

## Lindbergh Field International Airport  Reduced Loads in New Terminal

**Low emissivity dual glazing used extensively**
**window U-values of 0.30 Btu/hr/sq.ft./°F, versus 0.50 for typical double pane windows**
**shading coefficient of 0.32 versus 0.70-0.90 normally**
**Automated daylighting system**
**only uses electrical lighting system when needed**
**Carbon dioxide rise monitoring**
**reduces outside air levels when occupant load is less than design**

## Lindbergh Field International Airport  Other Features

**Three 75 therm, 200 horsepower gas boilers**
**hooked into primary/secondary/tertiary water pumping system**
**variable frequency drives on secondary & tertiary pumps**
**Variable flow fans used with variable flow drives**
**Economizers used on all fan systems**
**can admit up to 100% outside air to new terminal**
**up to 50% outside air in old terminals**
**Central automated control system**
**bid as a separate contract, for uniformity across all buildings**

## Lindbergh Field International Airport Planned for Future Expansion

**Room for a fifth chiller & cooling tower**
**Possible gas fired absorption chiller**
**Chilled water piping arranged to preferentially load a future gas fired chiller during peak rate periods**
**Condenser water piped to adjust entering temperature for each individual chiller**

## Lindbergh Field International Airport Central Plant Costs

**Final rebate was actually much larger**

## Lindbergh Field International Airport Efficiency Measures in New Terminal

**Efficiency measures allow for smaller chillers   and reduce total electricity & gas consumption**

## Lindbergh Field International AirportFinancing Structure

**Finananced through the Port of San Diego**
**$240 million expansion project**
**$105 million new terminal construction**
**$7 million central plant**
**$10 million utilities distribution**
**Chillers competitively bid, based on performance, then assigned to contractor**

## Lindbergh Field International Airport Project Timeline

**New terminal will open in Jan 98 ~ 3 years after design began**
**Project conception, Nov 94**
**Engineering analysis Jan - Feb 95**
**Installation & construction Dec 95 - Aug 96,      9 months total**
**Commissioning Aug 96**

## Lindbergh Field International Airport Project Results

**Highly efficient central plant**
**Improved cooling to existing terminals**
**Consolidation of airport equipment into one central plant**
**Energy efficient new terminal design**
**Overall lower operating costs**
**Ready for future expansion**