# Presentation: 182287

## BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS

- g:\lessonpl\ bbpth.ppt

## INTRODUCTION

*OSHA ESTIMATES 5.6 MILLION WORKERS IN HEALTH CARE AND OTHER FACILITIES ARE AT RISK OF EXPOSURE TO BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS SUCH AS HUMAN IMUNODEFICIENCY (HIV) AND HEPATITIS B (HBV).*

## PURPOSE:

***TO PROVIDE  SAFE WORKING CONDITIONS THAT PROTECT EMPLOYEES FROM BEING UNNECESSARILY EXPOSED TO HEALTH HAZARDS***

## GENERAL TERMS:

***HBV ***
***	******HEPATITIS MEANS INFLAMMATION OF THE LIVER.  HEPATITIS B VIRUS IS THE MAJOR INFECTIOUS BLOODBORNE HAZARD YOU FACE ON THE JOB***

## HIV

***HIV***
***	******HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRSUS ATTACKS THE BODY’S IMMUNE SYSTEM, CAUSING THE DISEASE KNOWN AS AIDS OR ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME ***

## EXPOSURE TO BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS INCLUDE:

***NURSES***
***PHYSICIANS***
***DENTISTS***
***OPERATING ROOM PERSONNEL***
***EMERGENCY ROOM  PERSONNEL***
***LAUNDRY HANDLERS***

***LAW ENFORCEMENT***
***FIREFIGHTERS***
***PARAMEDICS***
***EMT’S***
***FIRST RESPONDERS ***
***CPR PROVIDERS***

## OTHER EXPOSURES

***BLOOD MAY BE PRESENT IN:***
***	******- VOMIT***
***	******- URINE***
***	******- FECES****	*
*	**	*

## MODES OF TRANSMISSION

***HIV AND HBV AND OTHER PATHOGENS MAY BE ***
***PRESENT IN:***
*** ***
*BODY FLUIDS SUCH AS  SALVIA, SEMEN, VAGINAL*
*  **SECRETIONS, CEREBROSPINAL FLUID, SYNOVIAL*
*  **PLEURAL FLUID, PERITONEAL FLUID, *
*  **PERICARDIAL FLUID, AMNIOTIC FLUID*
* **SALIVA AND BLOOD CONTACT IN DENTAL *
*  **PROCEDURES*
* **UNFIXED TISSUE OR ORGANS OTHER THAN *
*  **INTACT SKIN FROM LIVING OR DEAD HUMANS*
* *

## MODES OF TRANSMISSION CON’T

*ACCIDENTAL INJURY BY CONTAMINATED SHARPS*
* **CONTACT WITH OPEN CUTS, NICKS AND *
*  **ABRASIONS*
* **CONTACT WITH MUCOUS MEMBRANES*
*  **MOUTH, NOSE AND EARS *

## TRANSMISSION OF VIRUSES:

*HIV IS TRANSMITTED PRIMARILY*
*THROUGH SEXUAL CONTACT BUT MAY ALSO BE TRANSMITTED THROUGH CONTACT WITH BLOOD AND SOME BODY FLUIDS. *_*HIV IS NOT TRANSMITTED BY TOUCHING, FEEDING OR WORKING AROUND PATIENTS  WHO CARRY THE DISEASE*_

## WAYS TO TRANSMIT INFECTION:

***SEXUAL CONTACT WITH INFECTED PARTNER***
***SHARING INFECTED NEEDLES***
***CUTTING YOURSELF WITH INFECTED OBJECTS***
***GETTING INFECTED BLOOD IN OPEN SORES***
***GETTING BLOOD IN YOUR MOUTH , NOSE OR EYES***

## WHO HAS HIV OR HBV?

***ALL TYPES OF PEOPLE HAVE THE VIRUSES***
***300,000 PEOPLE ARE INFECTED WITH HBV ANNUALLY***
***35,000 ARE INFECTED WITH HIV ***

## A PERSON INFECTED WITH HIV:

***MAY CARRY THE VIRUS ***
***WITHOUT DEVELOPING ***
***SYMPTOMS***
***WILL EVENTUALLY DEVELOP ***
***AIDS***
***MAY DEVELOP AIDS RELATED ILLNESSES***
***INCLUDING NEUROLOGICAL PROBLEMS,   CANCER AND OTHER OPPORTUNIST INFECTIONS***

## IF YOU BECOME INFECTED WITH HBV:

***YOU MAY FEEL LIKE YOU HAVE THE FLU***
***YOU MAY BE SICK ENOUGH TO BE HOSPITALIZED***
***YOUR SALVIA AND OTHER BODY FLUIDS MAY BE INFECTIOUS***

## CONTROL OF BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS

*ENGINEERING CONTROLS*

*EMPLOYEE WORK PRACTICES*
*PERSONNEL PROTECTIVE                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            EQUIPMENT*
*HOUSEKEEPING*
*HEPATITIS B VACCINE*

## TRAINING SHALL CONTAIN:

***ENGINEERING CONTROLS***
***ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROLS***
***PPE***
***POST EXPOSURE EVALUATIONS***
***RECORD KEEPING***

## UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS:

***TREAT ALL BLOOD AND BODY FLUIDS AS POTENTIALLY INFECTIOUS***

## CONTAMINATED SURFACES

*CONTAMINATED SURFACES*

*** ******SURFACES CAN BE CONTAMINATED WITHOUT***
***  ******VISIBLE SIGNS***
***  ******HBV CAN SURVIVE ON SURFACES AT ROOM***
***   ******TEMPERATURE FOR AT LEAST A WEEK***

## EXPOSURE PREVENTION AND CONTROL

*** ******PLACE CONTAMINATED                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             SHARPES IN APPROVED                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            CONTAINERS ***
*** ******WASH HANDS AFTER                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                CONTAMINATION ***
*** ***
*** ******DO NOT KEEP FOOD OR DRINK   ON COUNTERS WHERE INFECTIOUS MATERIALS MAY BE PRESENT   ***

## PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

_***PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT***_

_***PPE INCLUDES:***_
* ****GLOVES ***
*** ******MASKS***
***APRONS***
*** ******FACESHIELDS***
*** ******MOUTHPIECES***
*** ******GOWNS***
*** ******EYEWARE***
*** ******CPR POCKET MASKS***
*** ******OTHER EQUIPMENT WHICH MAY REDUCE  CONTACT***
***  ******WITH SKIN OR OTHER POTENTIALLY INFECTIOUS***
***  ******MATERIAL***

## SAFE HOUSE KEEPING

***WEAR RUBBER GLOVES ***
***RESTRICT AREA***
***USE DISPOSAL TOWELS FOR CLEANUP***
***PUT CONTAMINATED BLOOD IN APPROVED CONTAINERS***

## BE PREPARED

***ALWAYS WEAR GLOVES WHEN AT RISK***
***BE ALERT FOR SHARP OBJECTS***
***DO NOT PICK UP GLASS WITH BARE HANDS***
***PLACE SHARPS IN APPROVED CONTAINERS***

## COMMON SENSE RULES

***BE SURE TO  WASH HANDS AND REMOVE PROTECTIVE CLOTHING BEFORE:***
***	******- EATING***
***	******- DRINKING***
***	******- SMOKING***
***	******- APPLYING COSMETICS***
***	******- HANDLING CONTACTS***

## STANDARD THAT APPLIES:

***OSHA General Industry Standard     ***
***29 CFR 1910.1030***