# Presentation: 818466

## Example FTL and Ballast Specs for EE Procurement

- Satish Kumar, Ph.D.
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
**Energy Efficient Procurement Workshop**
**Mumbai, India**September 20, 2005

## EE Specifications for FTLs in China

| Rated Power (W) | Minimum Initial Lumen Efficacy (lm/W) |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Daylight
(6500, 5000k) | Cool
(4000, 3500k) | Warm
(3000, 2500K) |
| 14~21 | 75 | 81 | 81 |
| 22~35 | 84 | 88 | 88 |
| 36~65 | 67 | 74 | 77 |

**Lumen maintenance** must be no less than 80% after
- 2000 hours of usage

## Energy Efficient FTL Procurement and Usage Tips

- FTLs must be matched with appropriate ballasts to ensure ideal usage efficiency and long lamp life
- Lamp surface should be clean with no air bubbles on glass
- Interior phosphor coating should be fine and without any evident granules and of white color
- An EE lamp with a pre-heat starter circuit can prolong the lamp life
- Recommended color range for lamps is in the range of 4000 ~ 5000K
- Avoid turning FTLs on and off frequently
- If the ends of FTL become black, it should be replaced
- Lamp breakage should be avoided because the FTL contains poisonous substance mercury

## Cost Saving Example for FTLs

| Indicator | Ordinary Model | Energy Efficient Model
(Triphosphorous) |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Tube and Ballast Type | T12, 40 Watts
(magnetic ballast) | T8, 30 Watts
(electronic ballast) |
| Rated lumen output | 2400 | 2300 |
| Actual lumen efficacy (lm/W) | 52 | 77 |
| Input Power | 46 | 30 |
| Annual Energy Consumption (kWh) | 55.2 | 36 |
| Annual Energy Cost (Rs.) | 248.40 | 162 |
| Lifetime Energy Cost (Rs.) | 1738.8 | 1134 |
| Lifetime Cost Savings (Rs.) | 604.80 |  |

- The energy costs in the table above are calculated on the assumption that the FTL is used 1200 hours per year. The electricity price is assumed at Rs.4.50/kWh. The lifetime energy cost is the sum of annual energy costs and assumes a lifetime of 7 years for the FTLs

## BEE Recommendation to CPWD for FTL Efficiency

| Lamp Wattage | 6500k | 4000k | 2700K |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| T8, 36 Watts | > 3100 lumens | > 3200 lumens | > 3200 lumens |
| T8, 18 Watts | > 1250 lumens | > 1300 lumens | > 1300 lumens |

**Lumen maintenance** 90% after 2000 hours of
- usage and 85% after 70% life

## BEE Recommendation to CPWD for Ballast Efficiency

- The electronic ballasts must meet the performance standards for the **ballast lumen factor, the total circuit power  and limits of harmonics current** as specified in IS 13021 (Part 2): 1991 (Reaffirmed 2000) and electro magnetic interference limits as specified in IS 6842.
- The ballast factor also called ballast lumen factor (BF) for subject ballast is the ratio of the light output of a lamp tested on subject ballast to the light output of the same lamp tested on” reference” ballast under identical environmental conditions. As per IS 13021 (Part 2): 1991 (Reaffirmed 2000), this BF value should not be less than 90 %. BF values may go up to 105 %.
- Ballast Efficacy Factor (BEF) is a measure of ballast system performance or efficacy. BEF may not be indicated in the manufacturer’s literature and must then be specified or requested.
**Only electronic ballasts meet the recommended efficiency levels.**

## BEE Recommendation to CPWD for Ballast Efficiency

- Ballast Efficacy Factor
- = ballast factor in percent/ballast input power in Watts

| Lamp Type | # of Lamps | Recommended BEF |
| --- | --- | --- |
| T8, 36 W | 1 | 2.25 or higher |
|  | 2 | 1.3 or higher |
|  | 3 | 0.8 or higher |
|  | 4 | 0.68 or higher |

## FEMP Ballast Recommendation

## ELI Electronic Ballast Recommendation

| Frequency | > 20 kHz |
| --- | --- |
| Power Factor | > 0.90 |
| Total Harmonic Distortion | 32% |
| In-rush current |  20 A for < 3 ms |
| Current Crest Factor |  1.7 |
| Voltage variation | Must operate within specified parameters at a range of nominal voltages up to 15% higher or lower than rated operating voltage without reduction in rated life (as by IEC 60929) |
| Safety | Ballast shall comply with applicable parts of
IEC – 60920, 61547, 60928 and all local requirements. |
| Warranty | Minimum 3-year replacement warranty including a labor allowance for electronic ballasts that fail early due to manufacturer defect. Manufacturer shall apply a label with basic warranty terms and a local telephone number to each ballast, written in at least one applicable local language. |