# Presentation: 132529

## MUTCD 

**MUTCD **
**Part 3: Markings**

**Notes:**
We will now turn our attention to Part 3 of the Manual, which addresses Markings.

## New Sections

- Part 3B:
- 3B.20	Speed Measurement Markings
- 3B.22  	Preferential Lane Word and Symbol Markings
- 3B.23	Preferential Lane Longitudinal Markings for 		Motorized Vehicles
- 3B.24	Markings for Roundabouts
- 3B.25	Markings for Other Circular Intersections
- 3B.26 	Speed Hump Markings
- 3B.27	Advance Hump Markings

**Notes:**
There are many new and revised sections to Part three.  

## Change Areas

- Centerline and left edge line
- Yield line
- Traffic calming

**Notes:**
In this presentation we will be discussing some of the major changes in Part 3 – Markings.  The changes discussed will fall into three broad categories:
Centerline and edge line applications
Yield line applications
Traffic calming
As with the Manual as a whole, there are many other changes in Section 3 above and beyond the ones discussed today.  Anyone installing or planning to install pavement markings should consult the Manual to see if there have been changes.  

## Centerline Warrants

- Centerline markings SHALL be placed on the following:
- _urban_ arterials or collectors with _>_ 6,000 ADT or _>_ 20ft. width
- Roadways with three or more lanes

**Notes:**
Centerline warrants must be used on two roadway types. First, on urban arterioles or collectors with greater than or equal to 6000 average daily traffic rate and a 20 foot width. Second, centerline warrants must be used on a roadway with 3 or more lanes.  This can be found in section 3B of the manual.

## Edge Line Warrants

- Edge line markings SHALL be placed on the following:
- freeways and expressways
- _rural_ arterials with _>_ 6,000 ADT, 20ft. width
- Edge line markings SHOULD be placed on the following:
- _rural_ arterials with _>_ 3,000 ADT, 20ft. width

**Notes:**
The picture shows where edge line markings need to be used. Edge line markings must be placed on freeways, highways, and rural arterials with a traveled way of 20 feet or more in width and an average daily traffic rate of 6000 vehicles per day or greater.  This standard can be found in section 3 B along with the guidance for rural arterials with traffic volumes greater than 3000 ADT and 20 feet of width.

## Raised Pavement Markers

- The color, under both daylight and nighttime conditions SHALL conform to the color of the marking for which they supplement or substitute
- Non-retroreflective RPMs SHOULD not be used alone, without supplemental retroreflective or internally-illuminated marker

**Notes:**
Section 3B.11 includes a Standard on raised pavement markers.  The Standard states that the color of raised pavement markers under both daylight and nighttime conditions shall conform to the color of the marking for which they serve as a positioning guide, or for which they supplement or substitute.  Further Guidance adds that
non-retroreflective raised pavement markers should not be used alone, without supplemental retroreflective or internally-illuminated markers, as a substitute for other types of pavement markings.  Directional configurations should be used to maximize correct information and to minimize confusing information provided to the road user. Directional configurations also should be used to avoid confusion resulting from visibility of markers that do not apply to the road user.

The spacing of raised pavement markers used to supplement or substitute for other types of longitudinal markings should correspond with the pattern of broken lines for which the markers supplement or substitute.

## Typical Highway-Rail Grade Crossing Pavement Markings

**Notes:**
The Millennium Edition provides a diagram in section 8B-16 of typical highway-rail grade crossing pavement markings.

## Yield Line Markings

**Notes:**
Another addition to the Millennium Edition of the MUTCD is the design and placement of Yield Lines.  Yield lines consist of a row of isosceles triangles that extend across approach lanes, and that point toward approaching vehicles. This placement indicates the point at which the yield is intended or required to be made.  This marking is optional.

## Slide 9

**Notes:**
This is a picture of a some of the new yields line markings.  

## Yield Ahead Markings

**Yield Ahead Markings**

**Notes:**
Figure 3B-24. shows a typical Yield Ahead Triangle Symbols for both streets and highways.

## Curb Markings

- Signs shall be used with curb markings where curb markings are obliterated by snow and ice...curb colors shall conform to general principles of markings

**Notes:**
Millennium Edition provides a Standard that signs shall be used with curb markings in those areas where curb markings are frequently obliterated by snow and ice accumulation.  Where curbs are marked, the colors shall conform to the general principles of markings (Section 3A.5).

## Preferential Lane Word and Symbol Markings

- HOV Lane - the preferential lane use marking for high-occupancy vehicle lanes shall consist of white lines formed in a diamond shape....
- Bicycle Lane - the preferential lane use marking for a bicycle lane shall consist of a bicycle symbol or the word marking BIKE LANE ...

**Notes:**
The 2000 MUTCD reserves the diamond shape pavement markings exclusively for HOV lanes.  A new marking, one consisting of a bicycle symbol or the words “BIKE LANE” shall be used to designate the preferential lane for bicycles.  Other new markings are also provided for bus lanes and taxi lanes.

## Preferential Lane Word and Symbol Markings (cont’d)

- Bus Only Lane - the preferential lane use marking for a bus only lane shall consist of the word marking BUS ONLY
- Taxi Only Lane - the preferential lane use marking for a taxi only lane shall consist of the word marking TAXI ONLY
- Other preferential lane use markings shall be identified in accordance with Section 3B.23

**Notes:**
Other preferential lane use markings shall be identified in accordance with Section 3B.23.

## Extensions Through Intersections or Interchanges

**Extensions Through Intersections or Interchanges**

**Notes:**
The Millennium Edition changes the Option on the dotted line markings Extensions through Intersections or Interchanges into GUIDANCE.  These changes were done to provide better guidance for older drivers and others through complex intersections and interchange areas.

## Typical Arrow Markings at Exit

**Ramp Terminals to Deter Wrong Way Entry  **

**Notes:**
The Millennium Edition provides a new figure to illustrate the typical Arrow markings at exit ramp terminals to deter wrong way entry.  

## Markings for Roundabouts

**Notes:**
This diagram depicts typical markings for roundabouts. Roundabouts are distinctive circular roadways that have the following three critical characteristics:

A.     A requirement to yield at entry which gives a vehicle on the circular roadway the right-of-way; and
B.     A deflection of the approaching vehicle around the central island; and
C.     A flare or widening of the approach to match the width of the circular roadway.

## Typical Markings for Roundabouts with Two Lanes

**Notes:**
Here is a diagram of Typical Markings for Roundabouts with Two Lanes – Figure 3B-27

## Slide 18

**Notes:**
Here are some pictures of Single and double lane roundabouts.

## Markings for Other Circular Intersections

- Support:
- other circular intersections include but are not limited to rotaries, traffic circles, and residential traffic calming designs

**Notes:**
The markings shown in the previous two figures may be used at other circular intersections when engineering judgment indicates that their presence will benefit drivers or pedestrians. Other circular intersections include but are not limited to rotaries, traffic circles, and residential traffic calming designs.

## Speed Hump Markings

**Notes:**
Another new standard to the MUTCD pertains to speed hump markings. The standard states that if used, a speed hump marking must be a series of white markings placed on a speed hump to identify its location. 

The figure here shows the three optional pavement marking for speed humps.

## Advance Speed Hump Markings

**Notes:**
This is the pattern and placement of advance speed hump markings. The standard states that if used, the advance speed hump markings provides the motorist with advance notification that they are approaching a speed hump.  We expect drivers to adjust their driving accordingly.

## Delineator Placement and Spacing

- Delineators should be spaced 200 to 528ft apart on mainline tangent sections
- Delineators should be spaced 100ft apart on ramp tangent sections

**Notes:**
Delineators should be spaced 60 to 160m (200 to 528 ft) apart on mainline tangent sections.  Delineators should be spaced 30m (100 ft) apart on ramp tangent sections. Section 3D-5

## Typical Delineator Installation

**Notes:**
The 2000 MUTCD also provides a figure for a Typical Delineator Installation – Figure 3D-1.

## Approach-End Treatment

- Bars or buttons, when used in advance of islands having raised curbs, *shall not* be placed in such a manner as to constitute an unexpected obstacle

**Notes:**
Millennium Edition presents a new Standard that states that bars or buttons, when used in advance of islands having raised curbs, shall not be placed in such a manner as to constitute an unexpected obstacle. This new Standard is in section 3G.2.
.

## Questions?