<!-- Title: Eve shift. Thu Apr 11, 2002 -->
<!-- SciCo: Brian Winer -->
<!-- DAQAce: Dongwook Jang -->
<!-- MonAce: Kevin Lannon -->
<!-- CO: Dino Goulianos -->
<!-- OpManager: Bill Orejudos -->
<!-- Notes: -->
<pre>Currently in Access.   
Plan to Close up at 19:00 
Currently attempting to run with Silicon. 
</pre>


<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 16:20:55 2002 -->
<pre>Access work on roman pot and miniplug: 
 
Re-survey of the roman pot positions was done in the tunnel (A48) 
in coordination with the MCR and Alignment group. The positions 
were measured at OUT (LVDT ~ -900) and IN (~ +200) limits, and  
2 intermediate points (-500 and -200). Also, the Z positions of  
the pots were measured. 
 
Installed a new transition board for the miniplug in slot 12 of 
FCAL_00 crate. Checked pedestal and QIE calibration; they looked  
good so calibration constants downloaded on the ADMEMs in FCAL_00. 
 
See details in roman pot and miniplug e-logs.</pre>
<!-- Author: K. Terashi -->


<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 16:35:55 2002 -->
<pre>Dosimetry access report: 
 
 Marked locations to place TLDs on: 
 
- the faces of the IMU walls 
- the horizontal and vertical iron bars "holding" the quadrapoles 
- the alcoves  
- some marks on the North/South walls between the IMU and  
  the alcoves 
  
Kostas</pre>
<!-- Author: Kostas Kordas -->


<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 16:38:54 2002 -->
<pre>PSM alarm for the calorimeter arches.  One whole arch was 
purple in the display.  Paged the PSM expert Marcin and pulled 
Karen Byrum out of a meeting.  It turns out that communications 
for the monitoring were disrupted by work done during the access. 
After power cycling a monitoring box on the first floor and 
waiting several minutes, the purple state cleared. 
 
As Marcin was checking to make sure everything seemed to have  
recovered, he noticed an error with the SVX monitoring.  He 
disappeared for a while and then called to say we should ignore 
heartbeat alarms from the PSM for the time being.</pre>
<!-- Author: K.Lannon -->


<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 16:44:06 2002 -->
<B> CHA ASD/TDC system access work report: </B> <BR> <BR> 
 
1. The part of plan to debug dead channels has been accomplished 
   in a succession of the last access: we put transformers in 2 
   channels of CHA (W17-5 and E9-4). <BR><BR> 
   * W17-5 always dies very quickly after reseating ASD board,  
     so we have suspected either the cables in sides of PMTs or         PMT bases. We saw very strange signals directly from PMTs         with scope (high amplitude and wide width). However, this         channel is in very difficult position to access (very bottom of our         detector), so we are remained to be satisfied by putting          transformers. We will see what happens later in the channel (We should replace PMT bases if we see the problem continuously). 
<BR><BR> 
2. Nikolay replaced the PMT bases of CHA E12-7. This channel  
   was very noisy in ASD/TDCs, and we also found a  
   plot showing a similar behavior in ADMEMs (CHA pedestal RMS). 
   After the replacement we checked the level of noise of the channel with frequency meter. The noise problem seems to 
be fixed. We will check with data later.  
 <BR><BR>  
3. We reseated several ASD boards to fix dead channels. 
<!-- Author: Fabio and Min-Jeong -->


<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 17:06:35 2002 -->
<pre>Muon calibration done</pre>
<!-- Author: Dongwook :: (run <a href='/java/cdfdb/servlet/RunSummary?RUN_NUMBER=143019' target=_top>143019</a>) -->


<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 17:49:42 2002 -->
<br><b>Halo Counter Work:</b> 
<br>Fixed multiple light leaks in the proton halo counters 
and re-assembled the stand.  The counters are now back into 
their nominal positions and working correctly.   
<br> 
The problems with the data from ACNET have been hammered out and 
now the system works as originally designed.  The ACNET parameter 
mentioned earlier should now be taken seriously. 
<br>  
<!-- Author: M. Karagoz-Unel, K. Terashi,R.J. Tesarek -->

<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 18:09:26 2002 -->
Run <A HREF="/java/cdfdb/servlet/RunSummary?RUN_NUMBER=143035">143035</A>
 Activated at 2002.04.11 18:08:11
<!-- Author: RunControl -->


<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 18:17:56 2002 -->
Run <A HREF="/java/cdfdb/servlet/RunSummary?RUN_NUMBER=143035">143035</A>
 Terminated at 2002.04.11 18:14:45
<!-- Author: RunControl -->


<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 18:20:05 2002 -->
Run <A HREF="/java/cdfdb/servlet/RunSummary?RUN_NUMBER=143035">143035</A>
 Terminated at 2002.04.11 18:14:45
<!-- Author: RunControl -->


<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 18:33:45 2002 -->
Run <A HREF="/java/cdfdb/servlet/RunSummary?RUN_NUMBER=143039">143039</A>
 Activated at 2002.04.11 18:31:05
<!-- Author: RunControl -->



<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 18:34:38 2002 -->
<pre>PSM alarm for crate 2RR22C_2 which holds b0puls00.  An  
examination of that rack shows that the crate looks like its 
been taken apart by an expert and the power supply is turned off. 
No one seems to be in the vicinity at this time, but there is 
a laptop over there, so I presume the work is on-going.  The 
word on the street is that Bill A. is the culprit here.  Since, 
we're not running right now, I'll wait until later to see if 
things get put back together before I get too worried.</pre>
<!-- Author: K.Lannon -->


<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 18:35:38 2002 -->
<pre>Made a small bug fix in the ADMEM coldstart code.  Arnd  
has rebuilt fer package. 
Have asked the Ace to reboot all calorimeter crates &  
try to take a run to make sure there are no problems.</pre>
<!-- Author: W.Badgett -->

<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 18:43:58 2002 -->
Run <A HREF="/java/cdfdb/servlet/RunSummary?RUN_NUMBER=143039">143039</A>
 Terminated at 2002.04.11 18:41:45
<!-- Author: RunControl -->



<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 18:54:22 2002 -->
<pre>Masha asked SMX SM QIE calib. It's done. 
Rick asked Rick's run. It's done. 
Bill asked to reboot whole calorimeter crates. He already did for wcal, so I did for ccal and pcal. 
</pre>
<!-- Author: Dongwook -->


<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 19:08:02 2002 -->
<pre>Calorimeter QIE Calibration done 
CLC QIE Calibration done 
</pre>
<!-- Author: Dongwook/Kevin -->

<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 19:11:15 2002 -->
Run <A HREF="/java/cdfdb/servlet/RunSummary?RUN_NUMBER=143056">143056</A>
 Activated at 2002.04.11 19:09:48
<!-- Author: RunControl -->



<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 19:11:16 2002 -->
<pre>TOF QIE calib. done</pre>
<!-- Author: Dongwook/Kevin :: (run <a href='/java/cdfdb/servlet/RunSummary?RUN_NUMBER=143055' target=_top>143055</a>) -->


<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 19:15:41 2002 -->
<pre>Returning all COT and XFT crates to aces.</pre>
<!-- Author: Cheng-Ju -->

<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 19:16:20 2002 -->
Run <A HREF="/java/cdfdb/servlet/RunSummary?RUN_NUMBER=143056">143056</A>
 Terminated at 2002.04.11 19:15:09
<!-- Author: RunControl -->


<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 19:18:13 2002 -->
Run <A HREF="/java/cdfdb/servlet/RunSummary?RUN_NUMBER=143058">143058</A>
 Activated at 2002.04.11 19:17:01
<!-- Author: RunControl -->



<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 19:18:43 2002 -->
<table><tr><td><a href=/cgi/elog/elog.pl?nb=2002&action=view&page=-2078&button=yes target='xxx' onclick='jswindow()'; align=top><img src=/cgi/elog/elog.pl?nb=2002&action=view&page=-2078  width='300' align='top'></td><td>Cal QIE Ped bad channels</a></td></tr></table>
<!-- Author: K.Lannon -->


<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 19:18:50 2002 -->
<pre>BSC, MP QIE Calibration done</pre>
<!-- Author: Dongwook/Kevin :: (run <a href='/java/cdfdb/servlet/RunSummary?RUN_NUMBER=143057' target=_top>143057</a>) -->


<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 19:19:17 2002 -->
</b> 
Clean up formatting  
<!-- Author: RJT -->


<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 19:19:43 2002 -->
<\b>
<!-- Author: s -->

<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 19:19:48 2002 -->
Run <A HREF="/java/cdfdb/servlet/RunSummary?RUN_NUMBER=143058">143058</A>
 Terminated at 2002.04.11 19:18:34
<!-- Author: RunControl -->



<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 19:22:44 2002 -->
<pre>RP SMQIE Calibration done</pre>
<!-- Author: Dongwook/Kevin :: (run <a href='/java/cdfdb/servlet/RunSummary?RUN_NUMBER=143059' target=_top>143059</a>) -->


<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 19:23:24 2002 -->
<pre>No bad channels found from QIE slopes.</pre>
<!-- Author: K.Lannon :: (run <a href='/java/cdfdb/servlet/RunSummary?RUN_NUMBER=143048' target=_top>143048</a>) -->


<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 19:35:57 2002 -->
<pre>COT TDC calibration done</pre>
<!-- Author: Dongwook/Kevin :: (run <a href='/java/cdfdb/servlet/RunSummary?RUN_NUMBER=143061' target=_top>143061</a>) -->


<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 20:02:53 2002 -->
<pre>Plug laser calib. done</pre>
<!-- Author: Dongwook/Kevin :: (run <a href='/java/cdfdb/servlet/RunSummary?RUN_NUMBER=143062' target=_top>143062</a>) -->


<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 20:06:06 2002 -->
Turning over trigger system and cal. crates to Matt W. for L2 testing.
<!-- Author: winer -->


<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 20:21:09 2002 -->
<pre>Turning on CMU for a DAQTest run (calibration trigger).</pre>
<!-- Author: K.Lannon :: (run <a href='/java/cdfdb/servlet/RunSummary?RUN_NUMBER=143064' target=_top>143064</a>) -->


<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 20:24:27 2002 -->
Silicon trigger inhibits were verified earlier tonight.  Silicon is now OFF and 
should remain that way until otherwise instructed.  Trigger 
inhibits disabled from iFix so as not to interfere with CDF 
data-taking.
<!-- Author: Andy H. -->
<!-- Comment: Thu Apr 11 20;42;49 comment by...Andy H. -->
All silicon alarms should be regarded as real now (see the link
to Cooling/PS Recovery Procedures
<a href="/ops/mcs/mondoc.html">here</a>).
Steve Nahn is still working but he isn't doing anything that
should cause an alarm.


<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 21:20:25 2002 -->
<pre>While doing DAQ Testing run, sevb was stuck. 
So restarted that proxy.</pre>
<!-- Author: Dongwook :: (run <a href='/java/cdfdb/servlet/RunSummary?RUN_NUMBER=143064' target=_top>143064</a>) -->


<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 21:39:26 2002 -->
<pre>Still doing DAQ Testing run. 
b0cot10 Done TO. Need to be reset.</pre>
<!-- Author: Dongwook :: (run <a href='/java/cdfdb/servlet/RunSummary?RUN_NUMBER=143066' target=_top>143066</a>) -->


<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 22:07:05 2002 -->
Silicon Alarms are going off.  Paging expert.
<!-- Author: winer -->


<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 22:14:41 2002 -->
<pre>Twice we got alarms in the Global alarms page for SVX, ISL, and 
L00 (all three boxes turned red and the voice alarms sounded). 
The first time this happened, Steve Nahn was here, so we got him 
to look at it and he thought it was some kind of communication 
problem between IFIX and the silicon monitoring GUI.  However, 
there were some strange looking alarms, so he said we should wait 
to see if it came back.  The second time it happened, Steve Nahn 
tried some more things and then suggested we call the silicon 
pager.  We did and the expert is here looking at it now.</pre>
<!-- Author: K.Lannon -->


<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 22:23:27 2002 -->
<pre>SMX access work 
 
Swapped 3 fanpacks on SMD crates to fix monitoring 
readback of fan speed.  West Plug box11, East plug box12 
and east central phi=22.   Between swapping the fan packs 
and reseating the termination boards and cables, the fanspeeds 
on these crates now appear at 100% in the PSM monitoring. 
 
Tried to investigate noise on CES strips West PHi=10, East  
phi=10, east PHi=1.  sympton is Pedestal sigmas of ces 
strips and wires are about a factor of 2.  YMON occupancies 
red.  The noise appeared on monday and was still  
present early in the day.  By 11am, it was gone.      
 
 
E,Wphi=10 and E,Wphi=1 is where the PSM monitoring ground 
attaches to the steel.  This is also where the bottom of 
the VME crate attaches to the steel.   </pre>
<!-- Author: karen,mike -->


<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 22:26:06 2002 -->
Returning hadron TDC crate to general use (and WCAL crates, which 
I didn't use - but since I repeatedly reset the VRB where their 
data links go to, they were pretty much unusable... sorry Matt).  
<!-- Author: Arnd -->


<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 22:48:18 2002 -->
<pre>Silicon expert did some research into the problem and has decided 
that there if the alarms continue with the same pattern, there is 
no real problem.  Every few minutes the silicon GUI is generating 
an alarm (which does not cause any activity in IFIX) that seems 
to be related to a non-zero value of DTERM current.  Apparently 
this DTERM line isn't hooked up to anything and thus they believe 
the current reading is probably false, perhaps related to some 
activity during the access today.  The expert offered this 
advice on how to deal with this: 
 
1.  As long as nothing is RED in IFIX, then don't worry about the 
silicon GUI. 
 
2.  If one of the HV alarms for the silicon goes off, check in  
IFIX to see if it is a heartbeat alarm (click the D next to the 
alarming system and look at the top of the page for a heartbeat 
alarm message). 
 
3.  If it is a heartbeat alarm, check the silicon GUI for a 
window that says something like: 
 
     Alarm Location: 
     ISL B4 W2 PC 
 
which means the alarm is in an ISL port card in barrel(?)4, wedge 
2.  Note the alarm location, and click the "ALARM ACKNOWLEDGE"  
button.  Since the expert assured me that for the moment the 
silicon is pretty much fully interlocked and impossible to  
accidentally turn on, he said if we could check the GUI to make 
sure that the alarm looks like this DTERM problem.  You can do  
this by going to the circles for the ISL and clicking on the 
part of the appropriate circle that corresponds to the location 
of the alarm in the pop-up window.  After clicking on this wedge, 
click on the "Full Status" button just above and check that of 
the currents listed, only DTERM is non-zero. 
 
3.  If the SVX alarm clears itself in a few moments, then just 
make an entry in the e-log about what you observed.  If the alarm 
stays red for longer than a few minutes, CALL THE SILICON PAGER! 
This may be a real problem (unlikely since everything is off 
but one has to be careful). 
 
4.  If at any time the Silicon cooling alarm goes off treat this 
as a real alarm. 
 
Someone will probably look into this more tomorrow. 
</pre>
<!-- Author: K.Lannon -->


<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 22:58:56 2002 -->
Done with L2 tests for today.  Results in <a href= 
'/cgi/elog/det-system-elog.pl?nb=l2&action=view&page=40&frame=2&anchor=22:50:56'>L2 e-log</a>.  All resources are released.
<!-- Author: Matt -->


<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 23:00:16 2002 -->
<pre>PSM alarm for crate 1 in rack 2RR30C.  We checked and found out 
that Matt W. had just turn the crate power off to put the crate 
back together.</pre>
<!-- Author: K.Lannon -->


<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 23:01:53 2002 -->
<pre>All crates are back, so I did LED calibration.</pre>
<!-- Author: Dongwook :: (run <a href='/java/cdfdb/servlet/RunSummary?RUN_NUMBER=143071' target=_top>143071</a>) -->


<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 23:15:14 2002 -->
<pre>Another set of L00/SVX/ISL simultaneous alarms.  The alarm window 
shows that GUI-IFix communication is NOT OK.  I checekd the GUI 
and see that the alarm acknowledge window for ISL B4 W2 has 
popped up.  I click to close the window and after about 60-90  
seconds the GUI responds.  After an additional much longer time, 
I see the update counter change.  However, it is changing very 
slowly and the silicon GUI also responds very slowly to mouse 
clicks.  The alarms in IFix still haven't cleared yet.  I will 
give them a little more time before trying anything drastic.</pre>
<!-- Author: K.Lannon -->


<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 23:23:18 2002 -->
After many minutes where the silicon GUI was updating and 
responding very slowly (> 1 minute for any change in the GUI), 
things returned to normal.  The GUI is now updating quickly and 
the alarms are now gone.
<!-- Author: K.Lannon -->
<!-- Comment: Thu Apr 11 23;27;54 comment by...K.Lannon -->
We also have a new round of ISL PC alarms waiting for 
acknowledgement.  The alarms actually seem to be iterating
through the barrels and wedges in a nice orderly fashion B4W4,
B4W3, B4W2, B4W1, B4W0, B3W2, B3W1, B2W2.  The recent ones are
coming about one every couple minutes.  I imagine once I stop
acknowledging all of them, the silicon GUI will get huffy and
stop talking to IFix.
<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 23:24:45 2002 -->
<pre>Xenon calibration done</pre>
<!-- Author: Dongwook :: (run <a href='/java/cdfdb/servlet/RunSummary?RUN_NUMBER=143072' target=_top>143072</a>) -->



<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 23:34:02 2002 -->
<table><tr><td><a href=/cgi/elog/elog.pl?nb=2002&action=view&page=-2079&button=yes target='xxx' onclick='jswindow()'; align=top><img src=/cgi/elog/elog.pl?nb=2002&action=view&page=-2079  width='300' align='top'></td><td>LED calib. result</a></td></tr></table>
<!-- Author: Dongwook -->


<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 23:35:06 2002 -->
<center><a href='/cgi/elog/elog.pl?nb=2002&action=view&page=-2080&button=yes' target='xxx' onclick='jswindow()'><img src='/cgi/elog/elog.pl?nb=2002&action=view&page=-2080' width='300'></a><a href='/cgi/elog/elog.pl?nb=2002&action=view&page=-2081&button=yes' target='xxx' onclick='jswindow()'><img src='/cgi/elog/elog.pl?nb=2002&action=view&page=-2081' width='300'></a></center>
<!-- Author: Dongwook -->
<!-- Comment: Thu Apr 11 23;35;50 comment by...Dongwook -->
<pre>Xenon calib. results</pre>


<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 23:41:20 2002 -->
<pre>Noticed WHA boxes in the Global Alarms page are greyed out, as 
well as the heartbeat box for the CEM.  The bars for these 
systems also disappeared from the HV summary page.  I went down 
stairs and noticed some error messages on screens in the pisa 
box PC.  After waiting several minutes, the heartbeat box for the 
CEM became green again and the bars returned.  Several minutes 
later, the WHA boxes turned green except for the heartbeat 
box.  There still aren't any WHA HV bars.  We'll wait and  
see if the problem fixes itself. 
 
Note: the grey color, according to the color info button, looks 
like it means that the system is "purposely offline," although 
it might also mean, "not yet implemented."  Somehow, neither 
classification seems appropriate.  I didn't see anyone in  
the vicinity of the HV downstairs. </pre>
<!-- Author: K.Lannon -->
<!-- Comment: Thu Apr 11 23;55;04 comment by...K.Lannon -->
<pre>The problem seems to have completely cleared now.</pre>
<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 23:45:47 2002 -->
<pre>More fun with silicon alarms!  GUI-IFix communication problems 
again.  Sounds like they have a bad marriage to me.  This time 
the unacknowledged alarm was ISL B2 W1.  The GUI is moving  
glacially slow again.  We will wait to see if the silicon GUI 
and IFix kiss and make up without intervention.</pre>
<!-- Author: K.Lannon -->


<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 23:48:13 2002 -->
<pre>The SVX GUI and IFix are happy with one another again.</pre>
<!-- Author: K.Lannon -->


<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 23:56:34 2002 -->
<TABLE BORDER=2 CELLSPACING=1 CELLPADDING=1 BGCOLOR=WHITE>
<TR BGCOLOR=YELLOW><TH>Run Number</TH>
<TH>Data Type</TH>
<TH>Physics Table</TH>
<TH>Begin Time</TH>
<TH>End Time</TH>
<TH>Live Time</TH>
<TH>L1 Accepts</TH>
<TH>L2 Accepts</TH>
<TH>L3 Accepts</TH>
<TH>Live Lumi, nb-1</TH>
<TH>GR</TH>
<TH>SC</TH>
<TH>RC</TH></TR>

<TR><TD>Totals</TD>                                                     
<TD> </TD>                                                              
<TD> </TD>                                                              
<TD> </TD>                                                              
<TD>23:55:02</TD>                                                       
<TD ALIGN=CENTER>::</TD>                                                
<TD ALIGN=RIGHT></TD>                                                   
<TD ALIGN=RIGHT></TD>                                                   
<TD ALIGN=RIGHT></TD>                                                   
<TD ALIGN=RIGHT></TD>                                                   
<TD> </TD>                                                              
<TD> </TD>                                                              
<TD> </TD></TR>                                                         
                                                                        
</TABLE>
<!-- Author: End of Shift Report -->



<!-- Date: Thu Apr 11 23:57:36 2002 -->
<pre>Now I started cosmic run with Muon HV on but without silicon crates.</pre>
<!-- Author: Dongwook :: (run <a href='/java/cdfdb/servlet/RunSummary?RUN_NUMBER=143073' target=_top>143073</a>) -->


<!-- Date: Fri Apr 12 00:00:00 2002 -->
<pre>SVX (only) heartbeat alarm (purple box in HV summary page).  GUI 
is still updating, so I acknowledge a couple of ISL PC alarms 
and leave it to recover on its own.</pre>
<!-- Author: K.Lannon -->


<!-- Date: Fri Apr 12 00:00:44 2002 -->
<font color=red>Shift Summary: </font><pre> 
 
	  Eve Shift Summary 
	  ================= 
	   
 
   o Recovering from Access. 
       -Many different groups  
        performed work and I expect 
	each will summarize at 8:00 
	meeting. 
    
   o Search and Secure finished ~18:00. 
    
   o Performed Calibrations. 
       -"Rick Run" 
       -Quiet Time 
       -Regular Calibrations 
    
   o Matt W. performed studies with 
     L2. 
      
   o Silicon work was performed early 
     in the shift, but Silicon was left 
     off and should remain off. However, 
     Silicon Alarms should be heeded. 
     	-Over the course of the night 
	 we have had many silicon  
	 alarms in iFix. These clear 
	 after a minute or two. 
	-Communication Problem? 
	 
   o We also had problems with WHA 
     showing up as offline in iFix. 
     There was no one working on the 
     WHA at the time and the situation 
     cleared by itself after a few  
     minutes. Communication Problems? 
      
   o Started Cosmic Ray Run with Muon 
     system on.  Everything seems to 
     work at the end of the day! 
      
   o At the end of the shift stacking 
     has not yet started.  The solenoid 
     is still powered. down.	</pre> 
<br><b>End of Shift Numbers</b>
<table><tr><td width=60% align=left>
<b>CDF Run II <p></b>                       
<pre>
Runs                   
Delivered Luminosity   None  
Acquired Luminosity    None  
Efficiency             -
   
</td></tr></table></pre>
<!-- Author: winer -->