# Jet Radiography at the Large Hadron Collider

**I. New Frontiers in Particle and Nuclear Physics**

Introduction. Everyone is expected to contribute here -- pobably ½ - 2/3
page

**a. Beyond the Standard Model physics*.***

Expect some interest by R. Kitano and M. Strassler

**b. Jets in nuclear collisions.**

Ivan will write that

**Figure 1.** x

**Figure 2. x**

**II. Jet Physics: in the Standard Model and Beyond**

Emphasize that this is the key physics that overlaps the two areas

**III. Science and Technology Objectives**

Hardware or computing projects?

Gerd Gary

**IV. Jet theory**

Theory

**a. High Jet multiplicities and missing energy.**

Kitano Strassler

####  b. Jet Shapes and Topoloies. 

Vitev

**c. Photon, di-lepton and heavy quark tagged jets.**

Vitev

Electron measurements have been used to estimate the flow of charm
quarks. The PHENIX data, shown in Figure 3 \[10\], also suffer from the
limitations of particle identification and the inability to separate
beauty and charm components. The data are not accurate enough to prove
or refute thermalization of heavy quarks in the plasma. Measurements of
the production of electrons in dense matter, shown in Figure 4 \[11\],
likewise are not precise enough to determine if heavy quarks are
suppressed in hot dense matter, relative to normal nuclear matter (for
comparison see the small error bars in Figures 1 and 2).

#### V. Jet Detection and Aalysis

a.  **Jet shape analysis**.

***?***

b.  **Simulation and analysis of di-muon and heavy quark tagged jets.**

*Camelia*

#####  {#section .unnumbered}

##### c. Performance Simulations for Heavy Quarks Decays. We have simulated the performance of the proposed silicon detector in order to optimize its geometry and study its capabilities. Figure 7 shows that without the SVD, background muons overwhelm the charm and beauty signals up to a p~T~ of 4 GeV/c. Figure 8 shows the dramatic signal/noise improvement obtained when the SVD is used to eliminate tracks that do not point back to a decay vertex. After applying a loose DCA (vertex) cut, the background is reduced by more than an order of magnitude to well below the charm signal. The beauty signal (not shown) benefits as well. {#c.-performance-simulations-for-heavy-quarks-decays.-we-have-simulated-the-performance-of-the-proposed-silicon-detector-in-order-to-optimize-its-geometry-and-study-its-capabilities.-figure-7-shows-that-without-the-svd-background-muons-overwhelm-the-charm-and-beauty-signals-up-to-a-pt-of-4-gevc.-figure-8-shows-the-dramatic-signalnoise-improvement-obtained-when-the-svd-is-used-to-eliminate-tracks-that-do-not-point-back-to-a-decay-vertex.-after-applying-a-loose-dca-vertex-cut-the-background-is-reduced-by-more-than-an-order-of-magnitude-to-well-below-the-charm-signal.-the-beauty-signal-not-shown-benefits-as-well. .unnumbered}

The large numbers of charm and beauty decays detected in an SVD covering
¼ of a muon arm for a typical measurement at RHIC are given in Table 2.
Note that no beauty decays have yet been identified at RHIC.

**Figure 7.**

**Table 1.** x

#### VI. Summary of Project Plan and Impact of Proposed Work

Gerd, Pat

The close integration of a comprehensive theoretical analysis with the
experimental data and lattice simulations will provide a unique
capability, placing LANL at the forefront of research on the physics of
matter under extreme conditions. The theoretical tools we develop will
enhance our critical expertise in predictive modeling and analysis of a
highly non-linear, strongly coupled complex systems. The success of this
proposal helps ensure a future for LANL at the forefront of science and
technology through recruitment of first-rate postdoctoral fellows,
students and retention of outstanding staff.

#####  {#section-1 .unnumbered}

##### A. Plan for FY09: {#a.-plan-for-fy09 .unnumbered}

##### Theory {#theory .unnumbered}

-   Determine mean field evolution of collective gluon fields with
    realistic initial conditions.

##### Study particle production and pre-thermalization stage of the plasma.

##### Investigate charm particle production and correlations in light colliding systems to establish a baseline for comparison to Au+Au.

**Simulation**

-   Investigate improved lattice actions and different observables to
    reduce the systematic uncertainties in the lattice QCD calculations.

**Experiment**

##### Complete design and produce state-of-the-art readout chip with FNAL.

##### Design and procure silicon mini-strip detectors. Design SVD support structure with Hytec, Inc.

##### Have industry wire-bond detectors and readout chips. Design readout bus structure.

**B. Plan for FY09:**

**Theory**

-   Apply new quasi-particle resummation methods to compute an improved
    EOS.

-   Identify quasi-particle lifetime and scattering responsible for the
    approach to equilibrium.

-   Determine the phase space distribution of medium-induced gluon
    radiation for heavy quarks. Calculate the energy loss of charm and
    beauty quarks in the plasma.

**Simulation**

-   Perform finite temperature lattice simulations of heavy quark bound
    state spectral functions.

-   Determine thermodynamic observables and QCD EOS as a function of
    temperature with improved accuracy.

**Experiment**

-   Assemble detector/readout, bus and fiber optic readout. Test
    detector/readout assemblies.

-   Assemble the SVD from four layers of mini-strip detectors.

-   Install the SVD in front of a PHENIX muon arm at RHIC. Connect
    readout to PHENIX data acquisition system.

-   Test and sample data in the 2007 p+p run at RHIC to determine
    alignment.

**C. Plan for FY09:**

######### Theory

-   Compute transport coefficients and mean free path of plasma
    excitations.

-   Determine heavy quark mass dependence of departures from local
    thermodynamic equilibrium.

-   Make realistic predictions for the suppression of high p~T~ charm
    and beauty mesons versus the Debye screening and mean free path in
    the plasma.

**Simulation**

-   Compare predictions of Debye-screening and dissociation effects in
    the QGP with the measured yields of charm and beauty bound states.

**Experiment**

-   Record production data during the 2008 Au+Au run with a fully
    operational SVD.

-   Make world's best measurement of charm and beauty quarks, out to \~5
    GeV/c, in the high multiplicity environment of heavy ion collisions.

-   Establish the elliptic flow of heavy versus light quarks.

-   Determine the suppression of the heavy quarks in central heavy ion
    collisions.

#####  {#section-2 .unnumbered}

**D. Budget Request:** FY2006: \$1250K total (\$290K SVD); FY2007:
\$1250K (\$310K SVD);

> FY 2008: \$1250K (\$185K SVD)

-   Approximately ¾ of the yearly budget is for manpower. Staff includes
    3 theoreticians and 4 experimentalists, each of which will work ½
    time on this project. One of the theoreticians (Vitev) is a JRO
    fellow, whose salary is paid by that source for the first two years.
    We expect 2 postdoctoral fellows and a few students will join the
    project once underway.

-   Approximately ¼ of the yearly budget is for engineering and
    construction of SVD, estimated at \$785K including a 30%
    contingency.

#### 

#### VII. References

**VIII. Appendix -- Participants and External Collaborators**

**Who?**

**Camelia Mironov**

**Gary P. Grim?**

**R. Kitano??**

**M. Strassler??**

##  {#section-4 .unnumbered}

### **Patrick L. McGaughey**

Physics Division, P-25, MS H846

Phone (505) 667-1594, Email : <plm@lanl.gov>

#### Education: Ph.D., Nuclear Chemistry/Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 1982

Graduate Student of Glenn T. Seaborg, Nobel Prize Winner

**Awards / Achievements :**

B.A.(Magna Cum Laude), Physics + Chemistry, Augsburg College 1977

Director\'s Postdoctoral Appointment, LANL 1982-1984

Staff Member in Physics Division, 1984-present

Floor Manager for E772 Experiment at Fermilab, 1987-88

> Co-designer of PHENIX Experiment, 1991-94
>
> Project Leader for PHENIX Muon Tracking System, 1993
>
> Spokesman for E866 Experiment at Fermilab, 1995-98
>
> Fellow of American Physical Society, 1998
>
> Principal Investigator for LDRD ER NPP Grant, 2001-4
>
> Co-author of more than 100 publications, with 4000+ citations and
>
> 28 highly-cited papers

**Primary Area of Expertise - Experimental High Energy and Nuclear
Physics :**

Design, construction and operation of large experiments

> Particle detectors, electronics and data analysis

**McGaughey is the Principal Investigator of this LDRD DR proposal and
is responsible for detector / performance simulations. He will work 50%
of his time on this project**.

# Melynda L. Brooks

Physics Division, P-25, MS H846

505-667-6909, <mbrooks@lanl.gov>

**Education:** Ph.D., Nuclear Physics, University of New Mexico (Magna
Cum Laude)

> B.S., Physics, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology (Magna
> Cum
>
> Laude)

**Honors/Awards**

> Tech Scholar 1984-1985, Abraham and Esther Brook award (best junior
> level physics
>
> student) (1984), Undergraduate Honors Work Program (1981-1985)
>
> G\*POP Fellowship (Aug. 1986 - Aug, 1989), Durward-Young, Jr. Award
> (Best Ph.D.
>
> Dissertation in Physics)

**DR Relevant Expertise/Accomplishments**

> Heavy Quark Physics Convener for PHENIX Collaboration (450
> collaborators)
>
> Project leader for Muon Tracking System (collaboration of \~50
> scientists) (1999-2002).
>
> Software coordinator and ongoing code developer for PHENIX muon arms
> (1995-2000)
>
> In charge of test bench and subsequent testing of electronics for L3
> silicon vertex detector
>
> Developed b-jet tagging criteria and detector requirements for SSC
> silicon detector
>
> Assembled, tested and debugged silicon microstrip detector telescope
> for SSC GEM and
>
> CERN L3 detectors
>
> Responsible for detector simulations of SSC silicon tracker
>
> Several years experience using, building and debugging various
> particle and gamma ray
>
> detectors including associated electronics.

**Brooks will responsible for data acquisition, testing and data
analysis. She will spend 50% of her time on this project.**

**Gerd J. Kunde**

Physics Division, P-25, MS H846

505-664-0271, <g.j.kunde@lanl.gov>

**Degrees Awarded:** April 1994 Ph.D., Physics, University Frankfurt

> May 1990 Diplom, Physics, University Heidelberg
>
> May 1986 Vordiplom, Physics, University Heidelberg

#### Experience:

Dec. 2002 -- Present, Technical Staff Member at Los Alamos National
Laboratory

> July 1997 - Dec. 2002, Assistant Professor, Physics Department, Yale
> University
>
> April 2001 - Dec. 2002, Co-convener of the High-Transverse Momentum
> Physics
>
> Working Group in STAR
>
> Sept. 1998 - Dec. 2002, Spokesman for STAR-Ring Imaging Cherenkov
> Detector

Oct. 1996 - June 1997, Research Associate, National Superconducting
Cyclotron

> Laboratory, Michigan State University

April 1994 - Sept. 1996, *Feodor-Lynen Fellow* of the
*Alexander-von-Humboldt*

> *Foundation*
>
> Research Associate, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, MSU

May 1990 - April 1994, Research Assistant at GSI, Darmstadt

**Publications in Refereed Journals as of January 2005:**

> 96 total 42 Phys.Rev.Lett., 9 Phys.Lett. B, 30 Phys.Rev. C, etc.

\~3500 citations 13 famous papers (\>100 citations)

# Kunde will be responsible for the SVD electronics and readout. He will work 50% of his time on this project.

#### Ivan Vitev

Theory Division, T-16 and Physics Division, P-25, MS H846

Phone (505) 667-1029, Email: <ivitev@lanl.gov>

**Education:** Ph.D., Columbia University (2002), Theoretical Nuclear
Physics

B.S., Sofia University (1995), Theoretical Particle and Nuclear Physics

**Awards / Achievements:**

> J. Robert Oppenheimer Fellow (July 2004 -- present)
>
> "St.Cyrill and St.Methodius" International Foundation Fellow (1997),
> "Eureka Foundation
>
> Fellow (1997), Sofia U. "St. Kliment Ohridski" Fellow (1991-1995)
>
> 17 publications in refereed journals in last 5 years including 4 Phys.
> Rev. Lett., 6 Phys. Lett.
>
> B and a book chapter. 1400+ citations including 3 famous (100+) and 9
> well-known (50+)

preprints

> 48 invited lectures, colloquia, talks and seminars

**DR Relevant Experience:**

Perturbative quantum chromodynamics (QCD), energy loss theory and
phenomenology,

relativistic heavy ion theory, jet quenching observables and diagnostics
of nuclear matter

under extreme temperature and energy density.

**Vitev will carry out theoretical calculations of charm and beauty
quark energy loss in the quark-gluon plasma. He will work most of his
time on this project, but his salary is paid the first two years by a
JRO fellowship.**

#  

#### External Collaborators :