## REGION 15: MIAMI-FT. LAUDERDALE-MIAMI BEACH, FL CBSA

### **I. Geographic Boundaries, Political Jurisdictions, and Infrastructure**

![](media/image1.jpeg){width="5.48125in" height="6.822222222222222in"}

Map 15.1: Miami-Ft. Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL CBSA Major Highways and
Fixed Guideway System

The Miami-Ft. Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL CBSA includes Miami-Dade,
Broward and Palm Beach Counties and is located in the southeastern
section of Florida. Palm Beach County is bordered by Martin County to
the north, Glades County on the northwest corner and to the west by
Hendry County. A large portion of Palm Beach County is also bordered by
Lake Okeechobee to the northwest, which is otherwise known as the Lake
Region. Broward County is in the middle of Miami-Dade and Palm Beach
Counties and also borders Hendry County to the northwest and Collier
County to the west. Miami-Dade County is at the southernmost part of
Florida and borders Collier County to the northwest and Monroe County on
the southwest. Miami-Dade County also borders two national parks, the
Biscayne National Park to the east in the Biscayne Bay and the western
third of Miami-Dade County in the Everglades National Park.

The CBSA's population was 5,007,564 according to the 2000 census, which
includes 2,253,362 for Miami-Dade County, 1,623,018 for Broward County,
and 1,131,184 for Palm Beach County. The 2000 census population of
Florida was 15,982,378. Miami-Dade County covers a total of 1,983 square
miles, Broward, which covers 1,224 square miles and Palm Beach is 2,234
for a total of 5,441 square miles for the entire CBSA. Fixed guideway
rail transit service is provided by the Miami-Dade Transit Agency
(Metrorail) and the South Florida Regional Transportation Authority (Tri
Rail).

The Miami-Ft. Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL CBSA is on the coast of the
Atlantic Ocean and has a strong potential for hurricanes, flooding and
other natural disasters because of its location. The area has a fairly
mild climate and the weather is often sunny and hot, which is moderated
by cool ocean breezes. The climate is also quite humid, especially in
the summer, and there are occasional heavy rains. The Miami-Ft.
Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL CBSA is also at a high risk of hurricanes,
which usually occur from June to November.

**II. Agencies Operating in the Miami-Ft. Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL
CBSA**

+------------+-------------------------+------------+---------+-------+
| ###        | ### *                   | ### **Po   | ###     | ###   |
| **Agency** | *Jurisdictions Served** | pulation** |  **Oper |  **St |
|            |                         |            | ating B | aff** |
|            |                         | ###        | udget** |       |
|            |                         | **Served** |         | ##    |
|            |                         |            |         | # **S |
|            |                         |            |         | ize** |
+------------+-------------------------+------------+---------+-------+
| ### F      | ### Miami Dade          | ### Miami  | #       | ###   |
| lorida DOT |  County, Broward County |  Dade Coun | ## \$7  | 7,450 |
|            |                         | ty: 2,253, | billion |       |
|            |                         | 362 Browar |         |       |
|            |                         | d County:  |         |       |
|            |                         | 1,623,018  |         |       |
|            |                         |            |         |       |
|            |                         | ###        |         |       |
|            |                         |  []{.mark} |         |       |
+------------+-------------------------+------------+---------+-------+
| ### Miam   | ### Miami Dade County   | Miami Dade | #       | ###   |
| i-Dade MPO |                         | County:    | ## \$5, | 22 vo |
|            |                         | 2,253,362  | 447,973 | ting  |
|            |                         |            |         | membe |
|            |                         |            |         | rs, 1 |
|            |                         |            |         | 3 com |
|            |                         |            |         | missi |
|            |                         |            |         | oners |
+------------+-------------------------+------------+---------+-------+
| ##         | ### Broward County      | ### Browa  | ### (a) | ##    |
| # Broward  |                         | rd County: |         | # (a) |
| County MPO |                         |  1,623,018 |         |       |
+------------+-------------------------+------------+---------+-------+
| ### Miami  | ### Miami               | ### 1      | ###     | ###   |
| -Dade Tran | -Hialeah Urbanized Area | .8 million |  \$457, |  Appr |
| sit Agency |                         |            | 859,915 | oxima |
|            |                         |            |         | tely  |
|            |                         |            |         | 4,000 |
+------------+-------------------------+------------+---------+-------+
| ### Br     | #                       | ###        | ###     | ###   |
| oward Coun | ## Miami Urbanized Area |  1,623,018 |  \$119, |   (a) |
| ty Mass Tr |                         |            | 761,387 |       |
| ansit Divi |                         |            |         |       |
| sion (BCT) |                         |            |         |       |
+------------+-------------------------+------------+---------+-------+
| ###        | ### Palm Beach County   | ##         | ### (a) | ##    |
|  Palm Tran |                         | # Palm Bea |         | # (a) |
|            |                         | ch County: |         |       |
|            |                         |  1,131,184 |         |       |
+------------+-------------------------+------------+---------+-------+
| ##         | #                       | ### Miami  | ### (a) | ##    |
| # Tri Rail | ## Palm Beach, Broward  |  Dade Coun |         | # (a) |
|            | and Miami-Dade Counties | ty: 2,253, |         |       |
|            |                         | 362 Browar |         |       |
|            |                         | d County:  |         |       |
|            |                         | 1,623,018  |         |       |
|            |                         |            |         |       |
|            |                         | ##         |         |       |
|            |                         | # Palm Bea |         |       |
|            |                         | ch County: |         |       |
|            |                         |  1,131,184 |         |       |
+------------+-------------------------+------------+---------+-------+

### (a) = Not Available

### 

### **Table 15.1: Miami-Ft. Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL CBSA Transportation Agencies** 

### **III. Transit Service Area: Fixed Guideway and Bus Service Area**

### 

![](media/image2.jpeg){width="6.148611111111111in"
height="7.486805555555556in"}

**Map 15.2: Miami-Ft. Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL CBSA Fixed Guideway and
Bus Transit Service Area**

**Miami -- Dade Transit Agency (MDT):** Miami-Dade Transit, a county
department of more than 4,000 employees, is the largest transit agency
in the state of Florida and provides more than 50 percent of the trips
taken on public transit in the state. The MDT transportation system
consists of four major components: *Metrobus*, a 24-hour service
consisting of over 100 routes; *Metrorail*, an elevated 22-mile service
connecting downtown Miami, the Omni area, and Brickell; *Metromover*, a
4.4-mile elevated people mover that serves the downtown central business
district of Miami; and *STS paratransit*, a service for people with
disabilities and senior citizens. Metrobus routes cover more than
35-million miles annually, including limited service to Broward and
Monroe counties. In 2004, MDT\'s Metrobus, Metrorail, and Metromover
transported more than 96 million passengers.\
\
Metrorail offers connections to Broward and Palm Beach counties via
Tri-Rail, South Florida\'s tri-county commuter train. Metromover
connects with Metrorail and serves downtown Miami, the Omni area, and
Brickell, while STS provides mobility for people with disabilities and
senior citizens unable to board regular transit vehicles. Currently,
Miami-Dade Transit records over 326,000 daily (weekday) boardings on
this unified system.

**Broward County Mass Transit Division (BCT):** Broward County Transit
is a system of buses that serve approximately 410 square miles in
Broward County, Florida. The fleet consists of 284 fixed route buses and
75 community buses and paratransit, which serve a total of 41 routes on
weekdays. BCT operates buses from approximately 5 a.m. until 12:30 a.m.
and connect to the Palm Beach and Miami-Dade systems and Tri-Rail.
BCT\'s fixed route service makes 37.4 million annual passenger trips and
travels 13.4 million service miles a year.

**Palm Tran:** Palm Tran runs seven days a week (excluding holidays)
serving more than 3,500 bus stops. Palm Tran provides more that seven
million rides a year. Timed-Transfer points allow for easy movement from
the north/south main routes to the east/west routes. All Palm Tran buses
are equipped with wheelchair ramps and automatic stop announcement
systems. For safety and security, buses are equipped with surveillance
cameras. Palm Tran also runs a paratransit service, connection, which is
a shared ride, door-to-door service for the elderly, those who are
disadvantaged and those with disabilities. Connection service runs seven
days a week, averaging over 3,200 trips each weekday; with 55% of our
riders being seniors. Trips are provided by local transportation
providers on approximately 218 routes per day; performing approximately
2,369 hours of service and 32,000 miles of service per day.

**South Florida Regional Transportation Authority (Tri Rail):** Tri Rail
is a regional rail system that serves three counties in south Florida,
which include Palm Beach, Broward and Miami-Dade Counties. The Tri Rail
system consists of 22 stations, traversing from just north of the Palm
Beach Airport in Palm Beach County, through Ft. Lauderdale and the Ft.
Lauderdale Airport, to the Miami-Dade Airport in Miami-Dade County. Tri
Rail also connects to the metro rail in Miami Beach, which also has 22
stops. The hours of operation are generally from approximately 5 a.m. to
11 p.m.

###  

### **IV. Number and Proportion of Minority, Below Poverty and Limited English Proficient Populations in Relation to the Transit Service Area**

## 

![](media/image3.jpeg){width="6.875in" height="7.236111111111111in"}

**Map 15.3: Miami-Ft. Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL CBSA Minority
Population**

![](media/image4.jpeg){width="3.68125in" height="4.621527777777778in"}

**Map 15.3.A: Palm Beach Minority Population**

![](media/image5.jpeg){width="4.000694444444444in" height="3.76875in"}

**Map 15.3.B: Ft. Lauderdale Minority Population**

![](media/image6.jpeg){width="5.25in" height="4.9534722222222225in"}

**Map 15.3.C: Miami Minority Population**

Total Number of Census Tracts in CBSA 891

Total Population of CBSA 5,007,564

Total Minority Population residing in CBSA 1,397,512

Regional Average of Minority Population in the CBSA 28%

Number (%) of Census Tracts with above average minority population 284
(32%)

Total Minority Population in the above average census tracts 963,740

Based on U.S. 2000 Census Data, the average minority population for the
Miami-Ft. Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL CBSA is 28 percent, or 1,397,512
out of 5,077,564 in the entire population. Census tracts located in
downtown Miami, Ft. Lauderdale, Palm Beach and the Palm Beach lake
region of the CBSA show the highest concentrations of minority
population.

[]{.mark}

There are 284 census tracts, or 32 percent, with above average minority
population. Almost all of the census tracts with an above average
minority population fall within the bus service area. Only four census
tracts that have an above average minority population do not fall within
the bus service area. One of the census tracts is on the furthest
southwest point and two are in the southeast portion of Miami-Dade
County. The fourth census tract is on the southern portion of Broward
County, bordering both Miami-Dade County and the Everglades. These four
census tracts consist of 37,113, or only 0.7 percent of the entire
population.

![](media/image7.jpeg){width="6.269444444444445in"
height="7.313194444444444in"}

**Map 15.4: Miami-Ft. Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL CBSA Below Poverty
Population**

![](media/image8.jpeg){width="3.140972222222222in"
height="4.620138888888889in"}

**Map 15.4.A: Palm Beach Below Poverty Population**

![](media/image9.jpeg){width="3.0395833333333333in"
height="4.184722222222222in"}

**Map 15.4.B: Ft. Lauderdale Poverty Population**

![](media/image10.jpeg){width="5.136111111111111in"
height="5.720833333333333in"}

**Map 15.4.C: Miami Below Poverty Population**

Total Number of Census Tracts in CBSA 891

Total Population of CBSA 5,007,564

Total Below Poverty Population residing in CBSA 692,014

Regional Average of Below Poverty Population in the CBSA 14%

Number (%) of Census Tracts with above average Below Poverty pop. 330
(37%)

Total Below Poverty Population in the above average census tracts
463,216

The U.S. 2000 Census Data shows that 14 percent or 692,014 of the total
population in the Miami-Ft. Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL CBSA is below the
poverty level. Approximately 37 percent, or 330 out of the 891 census
tracts, have a below poverty population that exceeds the regional
average; this includes 463,216 persons. Seventeen census tracts or
approximately two percent falls into the highest range of concentration
of poverty in the CBSA.

[]{.mark}

The majority of the census tracts with an above average below poverty
population are within the bus service area. There are a total of six
census tracts with higher than average below poverty populations. One is
a rather large census tract in the northwest portion of Miami-Dade
County, two smaller tracts are in the central part of the county and two
are in the southeast portion of the county (much of these census tracts
are in the Everglades). Also, there is one large census tract in the
southeast portion of Palm Beach County, inland from the coast and to the
west of the bus service area that has an above average below poverty
population and does not have access to public transit. These six tracts
account for less than one percent of the CBSA's total population. The
minority and below poverty maps are very similar in that the
concentrations of these populations are found in the larger cities in
all three counties and in the lake region in Palm Beach County.

![](media/image11.jpeg){width="6.928472222222222in"
height="7.059722222222222in"}

**Map 15.5: Miami-Ft. Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL CBSA Limited English
Proficient Population**

![](media/image12.jpeg){width="4.813194444444444in"
height="3.8666666666666667in"}

**Map 15.5.A: Palm Beach LEP Population**

![](media/image13.jpeg){width="3.7729166666666667in"
height="4.343055555555556in"}

**Map 15.5.B: Ft.Lauderdale LEP Population**

![](media/image14.jpeg){width="4.120833333333334in" height="3.7875in"}

**Map 15.5.A: Miami LEP Population**

Total Number of Census Tracts in CBSA 891

Total Population of CBSA 5,007,564

Total Population 5 years and older of CBSA 4,695,898

Total LEP Population\* residing in CBSA 1,008,963

Regional Average of LEP Population\* in the CBSA 19%

Number ( %) of Census Tracts with above average LEP population\* 321
(36%)

Total LEP Population\* in the above average census tracts 757,653

\* LEP includes those 5 years of age and older

The limited English proficient (LEP) population in the Miami-Ft.
Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL CBSA is 19 percent, or 1,008,963 of the total
CBSA population. Approximately 36 percent, or 321 out of the 891 census
tracts, have a LEP population that exceeds the regional average. This
includes 757,653 persons. Fifty census tracts or approximately six
percent fall into the highest range of concentration of LEP in the CBSA.

[]{.mark}

The LEP map differs from both the minority and poverty maps in that the
high concentrations of LEP are found outside both the large cities and
the bus service area. Twenty census tracts, accounting for 3.6 percent
(178,913 persons) of the total CBSA population, are located beyond the
bus transit service area. Another major difference is that there is only
one census tract in the lake region of Palm Beach County that has an
above average LEP population, unlike the minority and poverty maps,
which show that the majority of census tracts in this region have a
population that is above the regional average. The entire western border
of the Miami-Dade County has an LEP population above the regional
average and there are also high concentrations of LEP populations in the
area to the west of downtown Miami.

Note: As shown on the legend, there are some census tracts that have
incomplete data. This is due to the fact that the Maptitude data does
not have information for the LEP populations, most likely because these
census tracts are within the Everglades or other landmarks that do not
have data available. The same situation applies to the zero car
households data that are displayed in the following map.

### **V. Number and Proportion of Zero Car Households: Greater than the Regional Average**

## ![](media/image15.jpeg){width="6.736805555555556in" height="7.988888888888889in"}

**Map 15.6: Miami-Ft. Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL CBSA Zero Car
Households**

![](media/image16.jpeg){width="3.7895833333333333in"
height="4.270138888888889in"}

**Map 15.6.A: Palm Beach Zero Car Households**

![](media/image17.jpeg){width="4.488888888888889in"
height="4.163194444444445in"}

**Map 15.6.B: Ft. Lauderdale Zero Car Households**

![](media/image18.jpeg){width="4.39375in" height="5.5680555555555555in"}

**Map 15.6.B: Miami Zero Car Households**

Total Number of Census Tracts in CBSA 891

Total Households in CBSA 1,905,394

Total Zero Car Households in CBSA 210,173

Regional Average of Zero Car Households in the CBSA 11%

Number (%) of Census Tracts with above average Zero Car Households 305
(34%)

Total Zero Car Households in the above average census tracts 145,768

The Miami-Ft. Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL CBSA has a total of 1,905,394
households. A total of 210,173 are households without vehicles
(approximately 11 percent). There are 305 census tracts, or 34 percent,
with an above average number of households without vehicles.

[]{.mark}

Only three of the census tracts with an above average zero car
population are not within the bus service area. These tracts account for
less than one percent (21,099 persons) of the CBSA's total population.
Both of these census tracts are located in Miami-Dade County, one
located on the southernmost tip and the other, which is located
centrally. The zero car household population has the lowest percentage
of all of the factors for the Miami-Ft. Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL CBSA.

VI\. Number and Proportion of Minority Population with Overlay of Below
Poverty Population

![](media/image19.jpeg){width="6.748611111111111in"
height="6.427083333333333in"}

**Map 15.7 Miami-Ft. Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL CBSA Minority Population
with an Overlay of Below Poverty Population**

![](media/image20.jpeg){width="3.5881944444444445in"
height="4.195833333333334in"}

**Map 15.7.A: Palm Beach Minority Population with an Overlay of Below
Poverty Population**

![](media/image21.jpeg){width="3.5881944444444445in"
height="4.195833333333334in"}

**Map 15.7.B: Ft. Lauderdale Minority Population with an Overlay of
Below Poverty Population**

![](media/image22.jpeg){width="3.847916666666667in"
height="4.499305555555556in"}

**Map 15.7.C: Miami Minority Population with an Overlay of Below Poverty
Population**

As shown in Maps 15.7, 15.7A, 15.7B, and 15.7C, there is a very strong
correspondence between the minority population and below poverty
population in the Miami-Ft. Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL CBSA. There are
82 census tracts that have both an above average minority and below
poverty population. The combined total population of these 82 census
tracts is 375,212. In the Lake Region, downtown Miami, Ft. Lauderdale
and Palm Beach metro areas, there is a high concentration of both below
poverty and minority population.

**VII.** **Number and Proportion of Minority Population with Overlays of
Below Poverty Population and Zero Car Households**

![](media/image23.jpeg){width="6.625in" height="6.101388888888889in"}

**Map 15.8: Miami-Ft. Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL CBSA Minority
Population with Overlays of Below Poverty Population and Zero Car
Households**

![](media/image24.jpeg){width="4.277083333333334in"
height="4.192361111111111in"}

**Map 15.8A: Palm Beach Minority Population with Overlays of Below
Poverty Population and Zero Car Households**

![](media/image25.jpeg){width="4.277083333333334in"
height="4.192361111111111in"}

**Map 15.8A: Ft. Lauderdale Minority Population with Overlays of Below
Poverty Population and Zero Car Households**

![](media/image26.jpeg){width="4.593055555555556in"
height="4.502083333333333in"}

**Map 15.8A: Miami Minority Population with Overlays of Below Poverty
Population and Zero Car Households**

As shown in Map 15.8, 15.8A, 15.8B, and 15.8C, there is a strong
correlation between the minority population and below poverty
population, but there is an even stronger connection between below
poverty and zero car households in the Miami-Ft. Lauderdale-Miami Beach,
FL CBSA. There are 149 census tracts, with a total population of 763,803
that have both an above average minority population, below poverty
population and zero car households. The census tracts that have
concentrations of minority, below poverty and zero car households are
mostly found in the downtown Miami, Ft. Lauderdale and Palm Beach areas
and are within the bus service area. Outside of the larger metro areas
and bus service area, there are very few counties that have high
concentrations of coincident minority, below poverty populations and
zero car households.

**VIII. Correlation Among Minority Population, Below Poverty Population,
LEP Population and Zero Car Households**

  -------------- -------------- -------------- -------------- --------------
                 *Minority*     *Below         *LEP*          *Zero Car HH*
                                Poverty*                      

  Minority       1                                            

  Below Poverty  0.66           1                             

  LEP            0.16           0.50           1              

  Zero Car HH    0.22           0.63           0.29           1
  -------------- -------------- -------------- -------------- --------------

### **Table 15.2: Miami-Ft. Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL CBSA Correlation Coefficients**

### 

### Based on the coefficients highlighted in the table above, there is a strong relationship between minority and below poverty populations (0.66) and below poverty and zero car households (0.63) in the Miami-Ft. Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL CBSA. All other categories are under a 0.50 range, and LEP and minority have the weakest connection with a 0.16 correlation.

**IX. Natural Disasters**

+----------------+-----------+-----------------------+-------+-------+
| **[E           | **[Date]  | **[Location]{.mark}** | **[   | **    |
| vent]{.mark}** | {.mark}** |                       | Human | [Fina |
|                |           |                       | I     | ncial |
|                |           |                       | mpact | I     |
|                |           |                       | ]{.ma | mpact |
|                |           |                       | rk}** | ]{.ma |
|                |           |                       |       | rk}** |
+----------------+-----------+-----------------------+-------+-------+
| Rip Currents   | 0         | Ft. Lauderdale        | 1     | \$0   |
|                | 7/17/1996 |                       | in    |       |
|                |           |                       | jured |       |
|                |           |                       | / 1   |       |
|                |           |                       | death |       |
+----------------+-----------+-----------------------+-------+-------+
| Rip Currents   | 1         | Pompano Beach         | 2     | \$0   |
|                | 2/20/1998 |                       | in    |       |
|                |           |                       | jured |       |
|                |           |                       | / 1   |       |
|                |           |                       | death |       |
+----------------+-----------+-----------------------+-------+-------+
| Rip Currents   | 0         | Ft. Lauderdale        | 6     | \$0   |
|                | 4/12/2002 |                       | in    |       |
|                |           |                       | jured |       |
|                |           |                       | / 1   |       |
|                |           |                       | death |       |
+----------------+-----------+-----------------------+-------+-------+
| Rip Currents   | 0         | Deerfield Beach       | 1     | \$0   |
|                | 8/31/2003 |                       | in    |       |
|                |           |                       | jured |       |
|                |           |                       | / 1   |       |
|                |           |                       | death |       |
+----------------+-----------+-----------------------+-------+-------+
| Rip Currents   | 0         | Lauderdale by the Sea | 2     | \$0   |
|                | 5/13/2004 |                       | in    |       |
|                |           |                       | jured |       |
|                |           |                       | / 1   |       |
|                |           |                       | death |       |
+----------------+-----------+-----------------------+-------+-------+
| Tornado        | 0         | Ft. Lauderdale        | 1     | \$2.5 |
|                | 1/15/1991 |                       | i     | mi    |
|                |           |                       | njury | llion |
|                |           |                       | / 0   |       |
|                |           |                       | d     |       |
|                |           |                       | eaths |       |
+----------------+-----------+-----------------------+-------+-------+
| Tornado        | 0         | Miramar               | 0     | \$30  |
|                | 2/02/1998 |                       | inj   | mi    |
|                |           |                       | uries | llion |
|                |           |                       | / 0   |       |
|                |           |                       | d     |       |
|                |           |                       | eaths |       |
+----------------+-----------+-----------------------+-------+-------+
| Flash Flood    | 0         | East Portion          | 0     | \$1   |
|                | 6/08/1999 |                       | inj   | mi    |
|                |           |                       | uries | llion |
|                |           |                       | / 0   |       |
|                |           |                       | d     |       |
|                |           |                       | eaths |       |
+----------------+-----------+-----------------------+-------+-------+
| Flash Flood    | 1         | East Portion          | 0     | \$45  |
|                | 0/15/1999 |                       | inj   | mi    |
|                |           |                       | uries | llion |
|                |           |                       | / 0   |       |
|                |           |                       | d     |       |
|                |           |                       | eaths |       |
+----------------+-----------+-----------------------+-------+-------+
| Flash Flood    | 0         | Ft. Lauderdale        | 0     | \$1   |
|                | 5/27/2003 |                       | inj   | mi    |
|                |           |                       | uries | llion |
|                |           |                       | / 0   |       |
|                |           |                       | d     |       |
|                |           |                       | eaths |       |
+----------------+-----------+-----------------------+-------+-------+
| Hurricane      | 08/1992   | Miami / Ft.           | 15    | \$26  |
| Andrew         |           | Lauderdale            | d     | bi    |
|                |           |                       | eaths | llion |
+----------------+-----------+-----------------------+-------+-------+
| Tropical Storm | 0         | Miami/Ft.             | 0     | \$4.6 |
| Jerry          | 8/23/1995 | Lauderdale/Palm Beach | inj   | mi    |
|                |           |                       | ured/ | llion |
|                |           |                       |       |       |
|                |           |                       | 0     |       |
|                |           |                       | d     |       |
|                |           |                       | eaths |       |
+----------------+-----------+-----------------------+-------+-------+
| Hurricane Erin | 0         | Miami/Ft.             | 1     | \$3.0 |
|                | 8/02/1995 | Lauderdale/Palm Beach | inj   | mi    |
|                |           |                       | ured/ | llion |
|                |           |                       |       |       |
|                |           |                       | 6     |       |
|                |           |                       | d     |       |
|                |           |                       | eaths |       |
+----------------+-----------+-----------------------+-------+-------+
| Hurricane      | 0         | Miami/Ft.             | 0     | \     |
| Floyd          | 9/14/1999 | Lauderdale/Palm Beach | inj   | $67.7 |
|                |           |                       | ured/ | mi    |
|                |           |                       |       | llion |
|                |           |                       | 0     |       |
|                |           |                       | d     |       |
|                |           |                       | eaths |       |
+----------------+-----------+-----------------------+-------+-------+
| Hurricane      | 1         | Miami/Ft.             | 4     | \$    |
| Irene          | 0/14/1999 | Lauderdale/Palm Beach | inj   | 327.8 |
|                |           |                       | ured/ | mi    |
|                |           |                       |       | llion |
|                |           |                       | 0     |       |
|                |           |                       | d     |       |
|                |           |                       | eaths |       |
+----------------+-----------+-----------------------+-------+-------+
| Hurricane      | 0         | Miami/Ft.             | 0     | \$5.6 |
| Frances        | 9/04/2004 | Lauderdale/Palm Beach | inj   | bi    |
|                |           |                       | ured/ | llion |
|                |           |                       |       |       |
|                |           |                       | 5     |       |
|                |           |                       | death |       |
+----------------+-----------+-----------------------+-------+-------+
| Hurricane      | 0         | Ft. Lauderdale/Palm   | 0     | \$    |
| Jeanne         | 9/24/2004 | Beach                 | inj   | 840.2 |
|                |           |                       | ured/ | mi    |
|                |           |                       |       | llion |
|                |           |                       | 1     |       |
|                |           |                       | d     |       |
|                |           |                       | eaths |       |
+----------------+-----------+-----------------------+-------+-------+
| Hurricane      | 1         | Miami/Ft.             | 6     | \     |
| Wilma          | 0/23/2005 | Lauderdale/Palm Beach | inj   | $10.2 |
|                |           |                       | ured/ | bi    |
|                |           |                       | 5     | llion |
|                |           |                       | d     |       |
|                |           |                       | eaths |       |
+----------------+-----------+-----------------------+-------+-------+

\(a\) = Not Available

**Table 15.3: 20-Year History of Natural Disasters in the** **Miami-Ft.
Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL CBSA** *(Source: FEMA and NOAA National
Climatic Data Center)*

The Miami-Ft. Lauderdale-Miami Beach CBSA has been most prone to
hurricanes, strong winds and floods, as shown from the log of natural
disasters in the area since 1985. The Miami-Ft. Lauderdale-Miami Beach
CBSA is also prone to frequent rip currents along the Atlantic coast.
Rip currents are powerful, channeled currents of water that flow away
from the shoreline. Persons caught in these rip currents frequently
panic and drown trying to escape the current and swim back to shore.
Table 15.3 outlines the natural disasters that have occurred in the
Miami-Ft. Lauderdale-Miami Beach CBSA between 1985-2005. The United
States Geological Survey does not rate the state of Florida as having a
Moderate, High, or Very High Risk of earthquakes.

**X. Man-Made Disasters**

## 

There have been several airline disasters in the area:

1.  May 11, 1996 -- ValuJet Flight 592, a DC-9, crashed in the
    Everglades, Florida, due to a fire in its cargo hold. All 110
    passengers and crew perished.

2.  July 6, 1996 -- Delta Air Lines Flight 1288, crashed during the
    takeoff from Pensacola, Florida. The left engine of an MD-88
    sustained an uncontained failure, causing pieces of the engine to
    penetrate the cabin, killing 2 of the 137 passengers.

3.  November 20, 2000 -- An American Airlines Airbus A300 took off from
    Miami, Florida and turned back to land the plane after the cabin
    pressure could not be maintained at 16,000 ft. Upon landing, the
    aircraft failed to depressurize and a door exploded open killing a
    flight attendant.

4.  December 7, 2005 -- A passenger disembarking American Airlines
    Flight 924, a Boeing 757, in Miami, Florida was shot and killed by
    an air marshal when the marshal believed he heard the man say he had
    a bomb.

5.  December 19, 2005 -- Chalk\'s Ocean Airways Flight 101, a Grumman
    Mallard, crashed off the coast of Miami Beach, Florida, killing all
    20 on board.

There was one rail disaster, as follows.

1.  March 17, 1993 -- near Fort Lauderdale, Florida, United States: An
    Amtrak passenger train struck a gasoline tanker truck that had
    stopped on a grade crossing, causing the tanker to explode. Six
    people (including the truck driver) were killed and 12 injured.

The 2005 data from the U.S. Department of Transportation on Hazardous
Material Safety shows the state of Florida accounted for four percent of
the hazardous materials incidents and 29 percent of related deaths for
the year.