**Table of Contents**

[**Learning Objectives:** 2](#learning-objectives)

[**Introduction:** 2](#introduction)

[**Personnel Access Control System (PACS)**
3](#personnel-access-control-system-pacs)

[**General Safety Information:** 4](#general-safety-information)

[**Initial Entry after Completing Training:**
4](#initial-entry-after-completing-training)

[**First Entry into a PBA after Beam Operation:**
4](#first-entry-into-a-pba-after-beam-operation)

[**Buddy Rule:** 4](#buddy-rule)

[**Two-Person Rule:** 4](#two-person-rule)

[**Low light conditions:** 5](#low-light-conditions)

[**Personnel Sweeps:** 5](#personnel-sweeps)

[**Scram Switches:** 5](#scram-switches)

[**Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):**
5](#personal-protective-equipment-ppe)

[**Hazards found in all Primary Beam Areas**
5](#hazards-found-in-all-primary-beam-areas)

[**Difficult Workspace Access:** 6](#difficult-workspace-access)

[**Ionizing Radiation and Radioactive Contamination:**
6](#ionizing-radiation-and-radioactive-contamination)

[**High Voltage and High Current Sources:**
7](#high-voltage-and-high-current-sources)

[**Magnet Hazards** 8](#magnet-hazards)

[**Non-Ionizing Radiation Fields** 8](#non-ionizing-radiation-fields)

[**Ventilation** 9](#ventilation)

[**Temperature Extremes** 9](#temperature-extremes)

[**Pinching or Striking Hazards** 9](#pinching-or-striking-hazards)

[**Stored Energy Sources** 10](#stored-energy-sources)

[**Radioactive Materials and Waste**
10](#radioactive-materials-and-waste)

[**Specific Primary Beam Area Information:**
10](#specific-primary-beam-area-information)

[**201 MHz & 805 MHz Beam Lines:** 10](#mhz-805-mhz-beam-lines)

[**Switchyard:** 11](#switchyard)

[**Line D Tunnel:** 11](#line-d-tunnel)

[**Proton Storage Ring:** 12](#proton-storage-ring)

[**WNR Blue Room:** 13](#wnr-blue-room)

[**WNR Target 4 Tunnel:** 13](#wnr-target-4-tunnel)

[**Line B:** 14](#line-b)

[**Line C:** 14](#line-c)

[**Isotope Production Facility:** 15](#isotope-production-facility)

# **Learning Objectives:**

**Terminal Objective:**

Workers will be able to identify the Primary Beam Areas at TA-53, and
they will be able the hazards and hazard controls associated with
general access to these areas.

**Enabling Objectives:**

After completing this training the trainee will be able to:

EO1. Recognize which areas at TA-53 are designated as Primary Beam
Areas.

EO2. State the requirements for first entry after beam operation in a
Primary Beam Area.

EO3. Recognize the difference between the Buddy Rule and the Two Person
Rule.

EO4. State the purpose of scram switches located in the Primary Beam
Areas.

EO5. Given a hazard, identify the appropriate protective measures,
including active controls and alarm responses.

# 

# **Introduction:**

There are a number of Primary Beam Areas (PBA) at TA-53 where entry is
controlled using the Personnel Access Control System (PACS). This
training will discuss the entry requirements, hazards, and protective
measures you should take whenever entering one of these areas. This
training does not deal with the specific procedures for clearing a beam
tunnel (sweeping) prior to turning on the beam, that qualification is
governed by the Accelerator Operations Manual. This training deals with
the process for gaining access to PBAs, the requirements for unescorted
access and the hazards and hazard controls in the PBAs.

Primary Beam Areas at TA-53 are generally identified by the following
characteristics:

-   They have limited entry and/or exit capability, but are generally
    not confined spaces. The only exception to this is the Target 4
    tunnel that *is* posted as a non-permit confined space.

-   They are not normally occupied, even during maintenance periods.

-   And finally, they are located in areas that are inaccessible when
    the LANSCE accelerator beam is on and where there may be residual
    radiological hazards when beam is off.

The Primary Beam Areas covered by this training include:

-   201 and 805 MHz accelerator tunnel

-   Switchyard and Line X tunnels

-   Isotope Production Facility tunnel and target area

-   Line D north and south tunnel

-   Proton Storage Ring

-   1L service area (1LSA) and target cell (1LTC)

-   WNR "Blue Room"

-   Target 4 Tunnel

-   Line B tunnel

-   Line C tunnel and Area C dome

This training does ***not*** allow uncontrolled access to these areas.
Under normal conditions you must obtain a key to gain entry,
radiological work permits must be in place, all required training for
unescorted entry must be complete, and you must receive permission
before being allowed to enter these areas.

Once you are trained and permitted unescorted access to these areas, you
are responsible for any workers you escort into the areas.

When a beam line is operating, entry is controlled by the Personnel
Access Control System (PACS). If you are unsure whether or not an area
is in operating mode, call the Central Control Room (CCR), at 7-5729.

# **Personnel Access Control System (PACS)**

## 

The PACS is designed to prevent workers from inadvertently entering
Primary Beam Areas when beam is being delivered to that section of the
beam line.

Before entering a PBA, it is important that you familiarize yourself
with the radiation levels in the areas where you will be performing work
by reviewing the radiation survey results posted at the access doors.
Check the date on the radiation survey to make sure it is current.

The following steps outline the general procedures for using the PACS to
gain entry into a primary beam line tunnel after HSR-1 has performed
their radiological survey.

-   When you look at the PACS control panel at the access door, for an
    area that is secured, you will see that the transfer key is in the
    "CAPTURED" position and the "ACCESS ALLOWED" indicator is **not**
    lighted.

-   To unlock the transfer key you will need to contact CCR and request
    a key release.

    -   NOTE: Before CCR can issue a key release an RCT has to have
        performed an initial entry survey and unlocked the
        "Administrative Key" lock.

-   When the operator in CCR presses the button for a key release for
    your door you will see the "ACCESS ALLOWED" indicator light up.

-   Press the black "KEY RELEASE" button and turn the transfer key to
    the "RELEASED" position.

-   Remove the transfer key and use it to unlock the key bank.

-   Take a key from the key bank and use it to open beam tunnel door.

-   Be sure to return the key to the key bank when you leave the tunnel.

If there are no keys in the key bank, check with HSR-1 to see if entry
is being restricted.

In general, PACS boundary doors must be closed at all times and not be
blocked open during maintenance periods.

-   Exceptions to this rule are allowable only when

1)  the number of people working in the area exceeds the number of PACS
    keys **[and]{.underline}**

2)  when HSR-1 has not posted the door(s) to remain closed due to
    radiation levels. In any case, doors must be closed at the end of
    each work day.

If a door is found open when it should not be, contact CCR.

# **General Safety Information:**

## **Initial Entry after Completing Training:**

The first time you enter a Primary Beam Area you must be escorted by a
trained and experienced worker who can point out the location of scram
switches, emergency evacuation routes, emergency equipment,
communication equipment, and other hazards that may be new to the area.

## **First Entry into a PBA after Beam Operation:**

Unescorted access to any Primary Beam Area requires completion of this
training and Radiological Worker II, in addition to a reasonable need to
enter.

After a PBA has been swept and secured with the PACS, and beam has been
operated in the area, an RCT must perform a radiological survey of the
area before allowing general entry. This survey is done to identify and
post areas in the PBA that have elevated radiation or contamination
levels.

## **Buddy Rule:**

The buddy rule applies to all of the Primary Beam Areas due to their
isolated locations. The purpose of this rule is to ensure that workers
are not left alone in these remote areas. If you are injured while
working in a PBA it is unlikely anyone will find you unless someone
knows you are working in the area. The buddy rule means that someone
must know when and where you are working in a PBA. This could be a
co-worker, your supervisor, or another contact. There must be *voice* or
*visual* contact each hour. If two people are working together and one
needs to leave the area, the other worker ***must*** be notified. This
rule should not be confused with the Two-Person Rule*,* which applies to
any hazardous work when the risks to a person working alone are
unacceptable.

## **Two-Person Rule:**

The Two-Person Rule is a Laboratory-wide rule that applies to any
hazardous work when the risks to a person working alone are
unacceptable. One worker must act as an observer and is not allowed to
actually perform work, while another worker performs the work.

Examples of work that require the two-man rule are:

-   working on certain energized electrical equipment,

-   personnel entry into limited egress/confined spaces,

-   activities requiring supplied air or self-contained breathing
    apparatuses (SCBAs), and

-   explosives activities.

> The need for a second person must also be evaluated when tasks involve
> hazards such as:

-   when powered equipment is used (for example, machine tools or
    powered woodworking equipment) that could cause massive injuries and
    large loss of blood;

-   when a worker could fall to a lower level or become trapped or
    locked in;

-   when toxic, hazardous, or narcotic materials (as described by
    material safety data sheets) that have acute effects are used; or

-   when fire could develop and spread rapidly.

## **Low light conditions:**

It is important to remember to take a flashlight with you whenever you
are working in a Primary Beam Area. In some locations within PBAs there
is minimal lighting, and if you are in a PBA during a power outage there
may be no lighting except the emergency lighting located along the
tunnel.

## 

## **Personnel Sweeps:**

Personnel sweeps are conducted to ensure workers are not left in Primary
Beam Areas during beam operation where they could possibly be exposed to
lethal doses of radiation produced by the accelerator. Sweep procedures
require searches of all areas where a worker could possibly get to.
Usually a Radiological Control Technician (RCT) and a LANSCE-OPS
operator perform the sweep of the PBAs before securing the area for
beam.

## **Scram Switches:**

Scram switches are located in all the Primary Beam Areas. A scram switch
will shut off the accelerator beam, preventing a worker who is still in
the PBA from inadvertently receiving a possibly lethal dose of
radiation. One of the first things you should do upon entering a PBA for
the first time is to locate the scram switches. If for some reason you
are unable to exit a PBA during a sweep, *immediately* press a scram
switch.

## **Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):**

If you are working under a Radiological Work Permit (RWP) or an
Integrated Work Document (IWD), it will indicate what PPE, if any, is
required. Contact one of the LANSCE-TMS Industrial Hygiene subject
matter experts for guidance on PPE for your particular operation if you
are unsure about what PPE is required for your work activity.

# **Hazards found in all Primary Beam Areas**

There are a number of possible hazards associated with work in the
Primary Beam Areas, these include:

-   difficult workspace access,

-   ionizing radiation and/or radioactive contamination.

-   high voltage and high current sources,

-   magnet hazards,

-   non-ionizing radiation hazards,

-   ventilation,

-   temperature extremes,

-   pinching or striking hazards, and

-   stored energy sources,

## **Difficult Workspace Access:**

> Working behind the beam lines requires stooping or crawling under the
> beam line. In addition to the ergonomic hazard posed by this activity
> other hazards associated with working behind the beam line include:

-   catching and/or ripping loose cables which may be energized with
    high voltage,

-   bodily and/or head injuries from striking protruding components,

-   exposure to higher radiation fields which might not have been
    surveyed in advance, and

-   low light working conditions.

> Do not climb over the linac, but carefully go under it, noting the
> route so that you can exit rapidly in an emergency. Because of the
> potential electrical hazards you should avoid workings in areas where
> there are puddles of standing water from cooling water leaks. These
> leaks or puddles should be reported to an RCT so they can check them
> for contamination.

## **Ionizing Radiation and Radioactive Contamination:**

> Radiological postings change depending on area conditions. This could
> happen one or more times in a single day, depending on the work taking
> place in the Primary Beam Area. It is critical that you check postings
> for area conditions, dose rates, dosimetry, PPE, and specific
> entry/exit requirements, every time you enter a PBA. You should find a
> current posting at the access door to the PBA.

PBAs are generally posted as Radiation Areas with levels ranging from 5
to 100 millirem per hour (mrem/hr). Areas that are greater than 100
mrem/hr will be roped off and posted as a High Radiation Area. All
personnel entering a High Radiation Area must have the required training
and authorization from the appropriate organization. Contact HSR-1 for
entry requirements.

> You may also see signs that indicate the location of a "Hot Spot" on a
> primary beam line component. A Hot Spot sign is used to post:

-   Localized areas of contamination, such as a floor drain or a glove
    on a glove box.

-   Extremely high surface dose rates that fall off quickly with
    distance, such as beta radiation.

-   Localized sources of penetrating radiation with contact radiation
    levels greater than 100 mrem per hour and more than 5 times greater
    than the general area dose rate.

-   Localized sources of radiation, normally located within piping or
    components.

> Temporary and permanent Contamination Areas exist in certain
> locations, especially the 1LSA and PSR. Follow entry and exit postings
> and contact HSR-1 regarding entry requirements, personal protective
> equipment (PPE), dosimetry, and RWPs.
>
> Internal contamination is possible inside the beamlines and components
> in all Primary Beam Areas. An RCT must be present to check for
> contamination when beamlines are opened for maintenance.
>
> Areas with external radioactive contamination will be roped off and
> posted appropriately.
>
> Remember that you should consider any water leaks to be contaminated
> until checked by an RCT. Don't step in the puddles or try and clean
> them up. Call an RCT and have the liquid surveyed before you continue
> to work in the vicinity of the leak.

## **High Voltage and High Current Sources:**

> Primary Beam Areas contain both high voltage and high current
> electrical systems. These represent electrocution and fire hazards.
> There is also the possibility of high current and up to 300 Volts DC
> on magnet leads. The high voltage cables and the connectors for the
> ion pumps can have up to 8 kilovolts present. Beam guiding magnets and
> high voltage equipment are generally turned off during maintenance
> periods, but you should assume they are on unless you can verify they
> are turned off.
>
> [LIR
> 402-600-01](http://dominoapp2.lanl.gov/labreq/labreq.nsf/MainFrameset?ReadForm&DocNum=LIR402-600-01&FileName=lir40260001.pdf),
> *Electrical Safety* must be followed when working on or near
> electrical equipment. The LIR specifies a graded set of controls for
> working on or near energized equipment. Performing tests while working
> in close proximity to exposed energized components is defined as Mode
> 2 work by the LIR. If you perform tests, measurements, or observe
> equipment functions on such components you must be trained as an
> energized electrical worker, and follow the 2-Person Rule defined in
> the LIR and earlier in this training. Both workers must be trained in
> CPR/AED. Both workers must have job specific training and indicate
> they are comfortable working with the hazards associated with the
> task.

## **Magnet Hazards**

> Magnets are a key component to the operation of the primary beam.
> Magnetic field hazards exist in all Primary Beam Areas but they are
> particularly prevalent in the Switchyard, PSR and the 1L Target Cell.
> A red or orange light on a magnet indicates that the magnet is
> energized; however, approach all magnets with caution, not all magnets
> have lights. Even if the magnet has a light and the light is not on;
> it may be burnt out. All magnets must be considered energized unless
> verified otherwise.
>
> The ion pumps on the floor below the accelerator structures and some
> beamline components are also a source of magnetic fields.
>
> Do not use ferrous (magnetic) tools in close proximity to energized
> magnets. The tool may be pulled from your grasp by the strong magnetic
> fields and cause personal injury or damage to the equipment.
>
> There is a potential hazard for workers with pacemakers or medical
> electronic implants in areas where the magnetic field strength exceeds
> 5 Gauss. If you have a pacemaker or medical electronic implant you
> must stay out of these areas. Areas with magnetic field strength
> exceeding 5 Gauss will be posted. If you have any metal medical
> implants you should also avoid these areas.

## **Non-Ionizing Radiation Fields**

> High radio frequency (RF) power may be present in the four 201 MHz
> coaxial lines in sector A and in the forty-four 805 MHz waveguides in
> sectors B-H. There are flashing strobe lights on the front edge of
> each Drift Tube Linac (DTL) tank in Sector A to indicate when the RF
> power amplifiers are energized. Always assume that RF systems may be
> energized, as warning lights may burn out.
>
> Do not climb or step on top of the coaxial cables, rigid transmission
> lines and waveguides, thermally insulated reference transmission line,
> phase packages, or RF cavities in Sectors A-H. This could result in
> damage to the equipment as well as causing leakage of non-ionizing
> radiation fields if alignment is altered.
>
> Due to the high X-ray fields that are generated during RF operations
> of the 201 MHz accelerator structure you will not be able to access
> Sector A during RF operations. This hazard does not exist in any of
> the other PBAs where RF operations occur, so access is not restricted
> during RF testing operations.
>
> A PACS controlled fence and gate prevent entry to Sector A from Sector
> B when RF operations are taking place in Sector A.
>
> The PSR RF buncher system generates high RF power and voltages inside
> the cavity and pair of amplifiers at the ring beamline. The RF energy
> is safely contained inside these lines and guides and the associated
> structures. A warning light above the cavity indicates that the RF
> system is enabled to operate and is ready to produce or is already
> producing RF voltage in the cavity.
>
> Always assume that the RF system may be energized as the warning light
> may be burned out.
>
> You should never probe or insert objects into the small openings in
> the back of the cavity or final power amplifier.
>
> Do not climb or step on top of the RF amplifiers or cavities.
>
> LANSCE-RFE procedures must be followed and LOTO applied when working
> on any of these systems.

## **Ventilation**

> Ventilation must be on for entry to certain Primary Beam Areas. The
> allowable ventilation line-ups for entry into PBAs are specified in
> the Accelerator Operations Manual. You can contact CCR (7-5729) to
> determine fan status.
>
> Use of cryogens, welding, or similar activities may create a low
> oxygen hazard due to limited ventilation. Consult with industrial
> hygiene (7-6095, 6-0701) to determine appropriate controls, and notify
> others in the area prior to starting work.

## **Temperature Extremes**

Cryogenic liquids are sometimes used in vacuum leak checking and pump
down operations. These present the possibility of asphyxiation and
cryogen burns.

Cryogenic systems may also be in operation in 1LSA, 1LTC, and Areas B
and C. You should be knowledgeable of the applicable systems' status
prior to entering these Primary Beam Areas. Contact the affected
Experimental Area Manager or Area Manager for information regarding the
status of these systems.

Some PBAs can pose a heat stress risk due to the PPE required for entry
coupled with warm ambient temperatures.

If you have to work in an area where the ambient temperatures are
elevated you should have your work area evaluated by industrial hygiene
(7-6095, 6-0701) to determine what controls should be implemented to
prevent heat stress.

If there is an IWD associated to your work activity you must use the PPE
identified in the document to prevent injury from temperature extremes.
This may include thermally insulated gloves, face shields, etc.

## **Pinching or Striking Hazards**

> The beam line will normally be under high vacuum. The process used to
> pump the beamline down to vacuum involves remotely operated pneumatic
> valves and other devices that may actuate at any time without warning.
> These devices present a potential pinching or striking hazard.
>
> You should be aware of the location of these devices in your work area
> and avoid placing yourself in a position to be struck or have a part
> of your body, tools or equipment caught if one of them is activated.

## **Stored Energy Sources**

> There are several stored energy sources in Primary Beam Areas
> including:

-   high pressure water systems,

-   compressed air lines and receivers, and

-   large vacuum vessels that have the potential to do harm in the event
    of implosion.

> You should be aware of the beam line components in your work area that
> may contained stored energy and be cautious when working near them.

## **Radioactive Materials and Waste**

> Due to the potential for activation and to minimize radioactive and
> mixed waste, you should not leave non-essential materials, tools, and
> equipment in Primary Beam Areas during beam operation.
>
> Items that have been in a PBA during beam operations must be monitored
> by an RCT prior to being removed from the area. You must read and
> follow all radiological exit postings.
>
> Spills and water leaks must be monitored by an RCT prior to cleanup
> because of the possibility of radioactive contamination in the liquid.

# **Specific Primary Beam Area Information:**

## **201 MHz & 805 MHz Beam Lines:**

> The 201 and 805 linear accelerators (linacs) together are a half-mile
> long. The 201 linac is located in Building 3, Sector A, and the 805
> linac is located in Sectors B through H. The entire beam line tunnel
> from Sector A to Sector H is a Primary Beam Area. However, there is a
> gated fence at the end of the 201 MHz linac and transition region
> separating Sector A from Sector B where the 805 MHz linac begins.
> There is a concrete block wall separating Sector B and Sector C.
>
> Between Sectors C and the Switchyard there are three more concrete
> walls with doors interlocked to the PACS. One at the end of Sector D,
> one at the end of Sector F and a final one at the end of Sector H
> leading to the Switchyard area. The first two can be used from the
> upstream side by use of a crash bar, but you will need a Sector PACS
> key to get through the doors from the downstream side.
>
> ***Entry and Exit:***
>
> Entry into Sector A is usually through the injector building at Butt
> Line Zero, that is, at the beginning, west end of the accelerator. You
> can enter Sector B from Sector A or by the stairs in Sector B. Initial
> entries must be made from the stairwell.
>
> If Sector A is running RF, the only entrance and exit to Sector B is
> the stairwell. Sectors C through H are all connected. Each of these
> sectors may be accessed by a stairwell. There are elevators in some of
> the sectors for bringing equipment into the beam tunnels, but you
> should use the stairs for evacuation in an emergency.

## **Switchyard:**

> The particle beams for the accelerator are redirected by magnets in
> the Switchyard. The beam can be directed east to the Area A
> experimental area (this experimental area is currently not used),
> south to the PSR, Manuel Lujan Center 1L Target, and the WNR Blue Room
> (Target 2) and Target 4, and north through Line X to Areas B and C.
> The Switchyard includes the entry maze and the primary beam lines east
> of the 805 region. The accessible beam lines in the Switchyard are; A,
> XD, X, and D.
>
> ***Entry and Exit:***
>
> Normal entry and exit for the Switchyard is through the gate and the
> shielding maze in the Line D North tunnel. In an emergency you may
> exit through the door between Sector H and the Switchyard and vacate
> the building through one of the exit stairwells along the south wall
> in sector H. This door is a PACS barrier and is locked from the sector
> H side. Again, this door should be used only in an emergency. Notify
> CCR once you are safely out of the Primary Beam Area.

## **Line D Tunnel:**

> There are 2 separate PACS areas, Line D North PACS and Line D South
> PACS. Beam is delivered through the Line D tunnel to PSR, WNR Blue
> room (Target 2) and Target 4, and the 1L Target for the Lujan Center.
> The Line D tunnel includes the Line D North entry maze, the accessible
> beam tunnels for lines D (north and south), BY, 1L, 1R, and the PSR
> injection and extraction lines.

***Entry and Exit:***

> Initial entry into Line D South must be made through the 1LSA.
>
> Two conditions must be verified before Line D tunnel entries can be
> made.

-   In Line D South, the 1L service area shield door *must be open*.

-   Individuals requesting entry must verify that the shield door is
    open. Fan 7 located in MPF-7, the Mechanical Equipment Building,
    *must be on*.

    -   The fan must be visually inspected to verify that it is on. If
        you are unfamiliar with the location of this fan, call the
        building coordinator.

> There are three exits for the Line D tunnel, but only one of them
> should be used under routine circumstances.

-   Normal entry and exit is through the gate and a shielding maze on
    the north end of the tunnel in the Line D North PACS area.

-   Another entry and exit is through the 1L service area (1LSA) shield
    door at the south end of the tunnel.

```{=html}
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```
-   This shield door is normally operated from the 1LSA side, which is
    why you must verify that the shield door is open before entering the
    Line D tunnel.

-   There is an emergency button that will open the door from the Line D
    side. However, you should only use this button for emergencies and
    not for routine exits.

```{=html}
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```
-   You may exit Line D through the PSR injection line door located near
    the mid-point of the tunnel and exit the building through the PSR
    entrance on the west side of the ring.

    -   Exit through PSR should not be routine because of the high
        radiation levels and the possibility of spreading radioactive
        contamination. Do not enter PSR from Line D unless you require
        an emergency exit.

## **Proton Storage Ring:**

> The proton storage ring, or PSR, includes the entry maze, the ring
> tunnel and the beam injection and extraction lines below the Line D
> tunnel. Most work activities in PSR require formal planning and
> approval. Do not enter PSR unless you are authorized to do so.
>
> ***Entry and Exit:***
>
> Normal entry and exit is through the door and the shielding maze on
> the west side of the ring.
>
> In an emergency, you may also exit through the injection line through
> Line D North.

-   If you exit through the injection line tunnel there is a possibility
    of spreading contamination because there are no contamination
    monitors available at this exit.

-   If you do need to use the injection line as an emergency exit, you
    will see a sign on a wooden door to Line D North, which says you
    must contact CCR before opening the door. In an emergency, ignore
    it.

    -   Notify CCR once you reach a safe location.

    -   Do *not* go down Line D South to find an exit. The 1L Target
        Service Area shield door may be shut. Although there is an
        emergency open button on the Line D side of the shield door, it
        should not be used for routine exits.

## **WNR Blue Room:**

> In addition to being a Primary Beam Area, the Blue Room houses several
> target stations and associated flight paths for the study of
> proton-induced reactions and sample irradiations.
>
> ***Entry and Exit:***
>
> The entrance to the WNR Blue Room is in the hallway between the WNR
> Control Room and the west entrance to the Lujan Center Experimental
> Room 1 (ER-1).
>
> During maintenance periods, access to the Blue Room is controlled
> according to the level of the radiological posting. Typically the room
> is posted as a Radiological Buffer Area; however, other radiological
> postings may be present depending on the level of radioactivity in the
> room.

-   Look at the postings on the entrance door each time you enter to
    ensure conditions and requirements have not changed since the last
    time you entered.

> Since the Blue Room has only one entrance and exit door, and the
> L-shaped hallway is narrow.

-   You must notify all occupants of the Blue Room before performing
    tasks that may compromise or block the exit, such as introducing a
    fire hazard by welding or rolling in equipment.

-   Depending on the situation, the other workers may wish to leave the
    area temporarily.

-   Industrial hygiene evaluation may be necessary for welding or work
    with cryogens.

> ***Blue Room Basement:***

The Blue Room basement is an infrequently occupied work location.
Application of the Two-Person Rule is normally required for entries to
perform work. The only exception to this requirement is if you enter the
basement for an inspection or a personnel sweep -- in that case, follow
the Buddy-Rule by notifying someone of your destination.

## **WNR Target 4 Tunnel:**

The Target 4 tunnel is a 10-foot diameter by 20 foot long steel tube
with a 4-foot diameter by 15-foot long access tube. The floor of the
main tunnel is flat and it is necessary to stoop down while walking
through the access tube.

> ***Entry and Exit:***
>
> The entrance to the Target 4 tunnel is located on the east side of the
> Target 4 containment structure. The entrance can be difficult to find
> and the easiest approach is from the parking lot on the east side of
> the Ice House (MPF-1265). There are specific rules for entry into the
> tunnel:

-   You must be current in Confined Space Worker training.

-   You should perform an intercom check by contacting the HP-line or
    the CCR-line as soon as you enter the tunnel.

-   Check for a dial tone on the telephone.

-   Either the intercom or the telephone must be working before
    continuing to work in the tunnel.

-   Report any non-working telephone equipment to the building
    coordinator.

-   Any intercom malfunctions should be reported to LANSCE-6 or CCR.

> Muddy conditions and flight paths may make access to the entrance
> difficult for emergency vehicles.

## **Line B:**

> Line B is a Primary Beam Area tunnel leading to a beam stop alcove in
> Area B, or Sector N. Currently Area B is being used to conduct
> experiments associated with the study of Ultra Cold Neutrons.
>
> In addition to the usual PBA safety concerns, access to Line B may be
> restricted because of classified experimental work taking place in
> proton radiography (pRad) facility at the end on Line C.
>
> ***Entry and Exit:***
>
> The entrance to the Line B Primary Beam Area is located on the east
> side of Area B. The door to the shielding maze that leads to the PACS
> panel and key bank is secured with a MP-202 key anytime beam is being
> delivered to Line B or Line C. When the PBA has been designated an
> "Open Area" there is a small black button on the panel to the right of
> the door that will open the door.

You can also gain access to the Line B tunnel from the Line C beam
tunnel. However, this is considered to be an emergency exit from Line C
and should not be used for routine access.

In an emergency, use the closest exit. Call CCR when you have reached a
safe location.

## **Line C:**

Line C consists of a short tunnel section starting in Line B and
continuing through the High Resolution Spectroscopy (HRS) area in Area
C, or Sector P, to a beam stop on the west side of Area C.

This training applies to the safety concerns associated with work on
primary beam line components. If you are involved in pRad experimental
work you must complete training identified by a P Division
representative for access to the experimental area.

> ***Entry and Exit:***

There are two entrances to the beam line tunnel for Line C, which
includes the HRS dome. The main entrance is through the personnel access
door located in the shield door on the north side of the HRS dome.
During maintenance periods the shield door is often left open and you
will enter the Line C PBA through this opening. There is an alternate
entrance from the Line B tunnel on the east side of the HRS dome.
However, this door has a magnetic lock on both sides. Pressing the
emergency button to open the door will set off an alarm.

In an emergency the preferred exit route is through the shield door
access on the north side of the HRS dome. If that exit is block you can
exit through the Line B tunnel.

## **Isotope Production Facility:**

The Isotope Production Facility (IPF) at TA-53 is involved in the
production of radioisotopes that have several uses, including medical,
industrial and research. The IPF beam line diverges from the main beam
line in the transition region between the 201 MHz and 805 MHz sections.

> ***Entry and Exit:***

The entrance to the IPF Primary Beam Area in located inside building
MPF-984, on the north side of building MPF-3, between Sectors A and B.
Once you enter the PBA you will need to go down four flights of stairs
to reach the actual beam tunnel.

The only exits from the IPF PBA are at the top of the stair well. In
addition to exiting through the main entrance, in an emergency, you can
exit through the door on the east side of the building at the top of the
stairs.

Conclusion

Entry into any Primary Beam Area at TA-53 exposes you to a number of
hazards. It is important that you follow the procedures for entry,
especially the use of the Buddy Rule. Follow the safety steps defined in
the IWDs or RWPs for the work you are entering the area to perform and
be aware of your surroundings. Your first consideration should be your
safety.

References:

53 SS 402-801.0, Work in Primary Beam Areas

LANSCE Accelerator Operations Manual

ESH-1-01-13.1, Radiological Postings