# ![](media/image1.png){width="0.8333333333333334in" height="0.9479166666666666in"}U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

Office of Community Planning and Development

## Noise Notebook

Chapter 4

Supplement

**Sound Transmission**

**Class Guidance**

**Table of Contents**

+-------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| **Title**                                                   | **     |
|                                                             | Page** |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| [Introduction](#introduction)                               | 1      |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| [What is Sound](#what-is-sound)                             | 1      |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| [Sound Reduction in                                         | 1      |
| Structures](#sound-reduction-in-structures)                 |        |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| > [Elimination](#elim)                                      | 2      |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| > [Absorption](#abso)                                       | 2      |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| > [Sound Barriers](#soun)                                   | 2      |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| > [Design](#desi)                                           | 3      |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| [Weather and Sound](#weather-and-sound)                     | 3      |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| [STC Ratings for Wall, Floor and Window Materials and       | 3      |
| Assemblies](#stc)                                           |        |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| [Appendix A STC Ratings](#appendix-a-stc-ratings)           | A-1    |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| > [Walls](#exte)                                            | A-1    |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| > Exterior                                                  | A-1    |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| > Interior                                                  | A-9    |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| > Wooden Studs                                              | A-9    |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| > Metal Studs                                               | A-14   |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| > [Floors](#floo)                                           | A-16   |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| > Wood                                                      | A-16   |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| > Concrete                                                  | A-21   |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| > [Windows](#wind)                                          | A-24   |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| > [Doors](#door)                                            | A-27   |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| > Exterior                                                  | A-27   |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| > Interior                                                  | A-29   |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| [Appendix B References](#ref-1)                             | B-1    |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+--------+

**Sound Transmission Class Guidance**

### Introduction

The Noise Guidebook, pages 33-37, provides an elementary discussion of
STC, provides some STC ratings for common building materials and limited
exterior and interior wall construction configurations,

and describes a method to determine composite STC value of a wall
containing a window or door. This update provides for an understanding
of STC and provides an expanded material and construction classification
for both internal and external building materials and typical
construction patterns.

The intent of this chapter is not to endorse anyone building
manufacturer or product over another but to keep HUD Environmental staff
and other interested persons advised on the STC values of current
building materials and practices which can be applied to HUD supported
housing activities. Additional subsections on specific types of building
materials, construction techniques and STC values will be periodically
added.

As stated in the Noise Guidebook, "STC is used as a measure of a
material\'s ability to reduce sound," and effectively mitigate any
adverse noise levels that could impede a person\'s use of a residential
or commercial structure. The higher the STC value, the greater the sound
attenuation and presumably the quieter the structure\'s interior. In
addition to STC, another interior building measuring technique to
evaluate sound impact or absorption between floors is the Impact
Isolation Class (IIC). Both techniques will be fully discussed after a
brief explanation of the following basic principals related to sound.

### What Is Sound

Sound is indicated in two ways: frequency and intensity. Frequency, the
high or low pitch of sound, is expressed as the number of vibrations or
cycles per second. One vibration or cycle per second is a hertz (Hz).
For example on a piano the middle C note has a frequency of 262 Hz and
the total range of a piano has a frequency of 27 Hz to 4186 Hz, well
within the 16 to 20,000 Hz range of the human ear. The sound created by
the piano is heard by the human ear by air pressure created by
vibration. The greater the pressure, the greater the loudness or
intensity of the sound heard by the human ear. Loudness is expressed in
decibels (dB). The decibel is one-tenth of a "Bel," a unit named for
Alexander Graham Bell. Since the ear is more sensitive to sound in the
middle range of frequencies, loudness (intensity) is determined at a
frequency of 1,000 Hz. On the decibel scale, 0 dB indicates a level of
sound at 1,000 Hz, a sound just barely audible to person with normal
unimpaired hearing.

The A-weighted scale of a sound meter is designed to adjust the
sensitivity of a sound meter to sounds of different frequencies that
closely approximate how the human ear might respond to moderate sound
levels in the 1,000 to 4,000 Hz range. The A-weighted sound level is
used extensively for measuring community and transportation noises.

The Sound Transmission Class (STC), measured in decibels, is used to
measure building material\'s ability to absorb sound. The STC can be
used to measure sound absorption for both external building walls and
internal walls in single and multifamily structures. The STC is measured
by positioning a representative sample of the building material midway
in an acoustical chamber, dividing the chamber in half or into two
rooms. One section of the chamber contains the sound source and the
other section the sound receiving equipment. The test procedure calls
for a steady sound in the source room and measuring the sound level in
both the source and receiving rooms. Differences in sound levels in the
rooms determines the transmission loss characteristics of the material
tested. For example, if a generated sound level of 80 dB is measured in
the source room and 30 dB is measured in the adjacent receiving room,
the tested material has a sound reduction intensity (STC) of 5OdB.

The Impact Isolation Class (IIC), measured in decibels, is the
classification system used to determine sound *impact* from floor to
ceiling in a structure. The IIC is not to be used to measure airborne
sound penetration or absorption in walls. The IIC numerical rating
efficiency increases with improved impact isolation performance of the
floor and its component sub flooring and materials. The rating scale
values are generally equivalent to the airborne sound transmission loss.
The impact of steps or vibrations on a floor and the reverberation of
that noise in the room below is dependent upon the type, density and
thickness of the floor and ceiling material, its absorption material,
and quality of construction. A separate section on common floor
materials and construction patterns to illustrate both the STC and IIC
ratings is included.

#### Sound Reduction In Structures

Four general techniques for controlling noise in single-family and
multifamily structures are:

1.  Elimination of the cause or source of the noise,

2.  Employ materials which absorb sound rather than reflect noise,

3.  Use sound barriers in building layout to prevent sound from being
    transmitted from one adjoining area into another, and

4.  Use design considerations to mask or absorb the noise.

A description of each technique and its applicability follows.

[]{#elim .anchor}1. ELIMINATION:

The elimination of a noise source may be impractical or impossible to
achieve, whether emanating from within or outside the structure.
Examples include the operation of mechanical equipment within the
dwelling unit, excessive corridor noise, air conditioning/heating
system, elevators, exhaust fans, and outdoor transportation sounds such
as automotive traffic, aircraft overflights, and commercial or
industrial activities. Some noise reduction could be achieved through
sound reduction or absorption techniques, but total elimination of these
sounds may be impossible.

[]{#abso .anchor}2. ABSORPTION:

Sound absorption control is the reduction of sound emanating from a
source within a room. The extent of control depends upon the efficiency
of the room\'s surfaces in absorbing rather than reflecting sound waves.
A surface, which could theoretically absorb 100% of the sound would have
a sound absorption coefficient of 1.0. A surface absorbing 35% of the
sound would have a coefficient of 0.35. The effectiveness of wall
construction as a means of sound absorption is tested in a similar
manner as that of STC. If a generated sound level of 80 dB is observed
in one room and 30 dB is measured in an adjacent room, the reduction in
sound absorption for the intervening wall is 50 dB. In choosing the type
of construction material for interior walls to absorb sound
transmission, porosity and density of the material should be considered.
Resistance to sound transmission increases with unit weight and
decreases with porosity. For example, unpainted, open textured concrete
block exhibits improved resistance to sound passage after sealing the
surface with plaster or paint. The sealing of the pores result in a
reduction in the sound absorption of the block. In multifamily
structures using concrete block partitions to separate public areas such
as stairwells and corridors from adjacent living areas, sound
transmission reduction is achieved through plastering or painting the
surface of the residential unit or living area on the opposite side of
the partition. The sound is absorbed by the concrete masonry\'s
unpainted side and its transmission is prevented into the residential
unit or living area by the plaster or paint on the other side.

However, all of the design elements that are employed to control sound
can be nullified through poor or improper construction practices. Sound
leakage will occur through any opening in a wall. An improperly fitted
door or window is a prime source of sound leakage, as well as openings
around ducts, pipes and electrical outlets which are improperly fitted
or sealed.

[]{#soun .anchor}3. SOUND BARRIERS:

Prudent building layout can be effective in controlling noise in
single-family and multifamily housing. Sound waves can be prevented from
being transmitted from one adjoining area to another. Closets, stairways
and corridors can be used as buffers against airborne sound transmission
between apartments or bedrooms. Concrete blocks or solid partitions can
be employed to separate boiler rooms, air conditioning units, work areas
or noisy public areas such as stairwells, corridors or lobbies from
adjacent living areas. Partitions designed to absorb sound on one side
and to retain sound absorption on the other can effectively block or
reduce sound transmission into living areas intended for quiet use. The
barrier should have a high sound absorption coefficient on one side and
an equally high sound retention coefficient on the reverse side to
effective. For example, unpainted porous concrete block would have a
high sound absorption coefficient and a high noise retention coefficient
on the reverse side if the porous surface in the living unit was
effectively sealed by plaster or paint. Similarly, noise originators
such as cloths washing machines, central heaters, and other noisy major
appliances can be placed in a basement or utility rooms that are
physically isolated from other living areas by walls or floors to absorb
or block the emitted sounds.

[]{#desi .anchor}4. DESIGN:

Design factors is the last major element to consider in controlling
noise in single-family and multifamily structures. Design considerations
offer the most infinite prospects for controlling noise due to the
numerous types of building designs. For example, adjacent apartments can
be arranged to have quiet areas (bedrooms or living rooms) abut and have
noisy areas (kitchens and bathrooms) next to similar noisy areas.
Apartment door openings into the same hallway can be staggered to reduce
sound penetration into the unit directly across the hall. Since sound
travels in a straight line, some of the sound from one doorway would be
absorbed or diffused into the wall building material of the unit
directly across the hall.

Windows should be placed as far away as possible from common walls. The
closer the windows are to each other, the more sound will pass from one
apartment to another. Medicine cabinets in opposite bathroom partitions
should be offset. Cabinets placed back-to-back will transmit almost as
much noise as an opening. Heating/cooling ducts are like speaking tubes,
carrying noise from one room to another. Techniques should be employed
to trap or splinter sound or have turns in the ducts to reduce noise
transference.

Noise producing equipment should be kept as far as possible from living
areas and especially the bedrooms. Flexible connectors should be used to
couple mechanical equipment to pipes and ducts. Pipes and ducts should
not be firmly connected to parts of a building that could serve as
sounding boards but be supported by resilient connections to solid
supports. Where pipes and ducts pass through walls and floors, they
should be isolated by gaskets. The acoustical integrity of a building or
a building section with an otherwise adequate STC rating can be
significantly reduced by a small hole or crack in the exterior wall or
any other path that allows sound to bypass the exterior or interior
walls and flow into other areas of the structure.

#### Weather and Sound

Air will attenuate noise at high frequencies usually from 1,000 Hz
upwards. Sound absorption by air changes with wind speed, temperature
and humidity. For example, wind blowing at slower speeds near the ground
surface than at higher elevations will produce a bending of the sound
upwards, resulting in less noise at ground level. Temperature gradients
have a similar effect because the velocity of sound increases with the
higher temperatures. If the temperature is higher near the ground than
in the upper layers (usually the case during the day), the sound waves
higher above the ground will travel slower and the sound will be bent
upwards resulting in quieter conditions at ground level. The reverse is
true at night, the temperature is lower near the ground, sound will bend
towards the ground, increasing noise at the ground level. Wind and
temperature- gradient effects can also account for the occasional freak
reception of sounds over long distances, especially train whistles. The
sound has been bent upwards by a temperature or wind gradient and after
traveling some way at high level is bent down again by a reverse
gradient.

Weather conditions can produce substantial variations of as much as +-
10 dB. For example, fog causes an increase in the absorption in the air.
A moderately dense fog, visibility 150 feet, gives extra attenuation of
1 to 3 dB per 300 feet, depending on frequency. Similarly, snow forms an
absorbent layer on the ground, which affects ground reflection, thereby
reducing the sound level.

Weather can also be a significant source of noise in a structure. Common
irritants are wind and rain. Wind whistling around a building, into
ventilation grilles, screens or past other external architectural or
artistic features can result in disturbing noise. Similarly, the impact
of rain on lightweight roofing, gutters or skylights can produce high
internal noise levels.

[]{#stc .anchor}STC Ratings for Wall, Floor and Window Materials and
Assemblies

Appendix A illustrates sound transmission class ratings for wall, floor,
window and door assemblies. The data used in this section is compiled
from laboratory reports and various technical and trade literature
publications received by this Office. Each item has an assigned STC
rating, an accompanying sketch and a brief description of its
composition or assembly. In addition, where possible, an Impact
Isolation Class (IIC) rating has been assigned to floors to determine
sound impact from floor to ceiling. Appendix A is a guide designed to
aid HUD Housing and Environmental personal in determining STC values for
most common housing construction practices and materials used in
residential construction. The STC information can be used to supplement
acoustical measurements by providing approximate interior noise levels
for existing or proposed dwellings located in high noise areas by
deducting the STC value from the exterior noise level. The data could
also be used to advise HUD clients in determining and achieving
compliance with the noise criteria stated in 24 CFR Part 51 B through
the use of common construction materials and techniques to achieve noise
attenuation for new construction and rehabilitation.

The appendix is divided into the following subsections:

1\. WALLS

> Exterior
>
> Interior

2\. FLOORS

> Wood
>
> Concrete

3\. WINDOWS

4\. DOORS

> Exterior
>
> Interior

A bibliography of the reports, manufacturer\'s catalogs, technical
papers, testing laboratories and other publications used in compiling
this data is listed in the

Appendix B.

##### 

##### 

##### 

##### 

##### 

##### 

##### 

##### Appendix A STC Ratings

**Appendix A**

[]{#exte .anchor}**Walls: Exterior**

**STC Ratings**

+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| Sketch                      | Brief Description                 | S  |
|                             |                                   | TC |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image2.png){w     | 1.  4" face brick, mortared       | 45 |
| idth="2.4791666666666665in" |     together.                     |    |
| hei                         |                                   |    |
| ght="0.6145833333333334in"} |                                   |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/im                | 1.  Hollow core brick, mortared   | 51 |
| age3.png){width="2.46875in" |     together.                     |    |
| hei                         |                                   |    |
| ght="0.7604166666666666in"} |                                   |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image4.png){w     | 1.  Common brick, mortared        | 50 |
| idth="2.4895833333333335in" |     together.                     |    |
| height="0.6875in"}          |                                   |    |
|                             | 2.  ½" gypsum/sand plaster.       |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image5.png){w     | 1.  Hollow core brick, mortared   | 53 |
| idth="2.4895833333333335in" |     together.                     |    |
| hei                         |                                   |    |
| ght="0.8229166666666666in"} | 2.  ½" gypsum/sand plaster.       |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image6.png){w     | 1.  Face brick, mortared          | 50 |
| idth="2.5208333333333335in" |     together.                     |    |
| hei                         |                                   |    |
| ght="1.1041666666666667in"} | 2.  2" air space.                 |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  Metal ties.                   |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/im                | 1.  Brick, mortared together.     | 59 |
| age7.png){width="2.53125in" |                                   |    |
| height="1.125in"}           | 2.  2 ¼" cavity filled with       |    |
|                             |     concrete grout and #6 bars    |    |
|                             |     vertically 48"o.c. and #5     |    |
|                             |     bars horizontally 30"o.c.     |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+

A-1

+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| Sketch                      | Brief Description                 | S  |
|                             |                                   | TC |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](medi                    | 1.  Common brick, mortared        | 59 |
| a/image8.png){width="2.5in" |     together.                     |    |
| hei                         |                                   |    |
| ght="1.3229166666666667in"} | 2.  Face brick, mortared          |    |
|                             |     together.                     |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/im                | 1.  Common brick, mortared        | 53 |
| age9.png){width="2.53125in" |     together.                     |    |
| height="1.09375in"}         |                                   |    |
|                             | 2.  ¾" mortar-filled cavity with  |    |
|                             |     metal Z ties 24"o.c. in both  |    |
|                             |     directions.                   |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  1x3" furring strips 16"o.c.   |    |
|                             |     and nailed vertically into    |    |
|                             |     mortar joints 12"o.c.         |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 4.  ½" gypsum board nailed 8"o.c. |    |
|                             |     along edges and 12"o.c. in    |    |
|                             |     field.                        |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image10.png){w    | 1.  4x8x16" 3-cell lightweight    | 40 |
| idth="2.5416666666666665in" |     concrete masonry units (17    |    |
| height="0.6875in"}          |     lbs./block).                  |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image11.png){w    | 1.  4x8x18" 3-cell lightweight    | 54 |
| idth="2.5104166666666665in" |     concrete masonry units (19    |    |
| hei                         |     lbs./block).                  |    |
| ght="1.0729166666666667in"} |                                   |    |
|                             | 2.  2" air cavity.                |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  Common brick, mortared        |    |
|                             |     together.                     |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image12.png){w    | 1.  4x8x18" 3-cell lightweight    | 51 |
| idth="2.5104166666666665in" |     concrete masonry units (19    |    |
| hei                         |     lbs./block).                  |    |
| ght="1.0104166666666667in"} |                                   |    |
|                             | 2.  Common brick, mortared        |    |
|                             |     together. (brick headers      |    |
|                             |     after every second course of  |    |
|                             |     block to tie the withes       |    |
|                             |     together).                    |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image13.png){w    | 1.  4x8x18" 3-cell lightweight    | 56 |
| idth="2.5416666666666665in" |     concrete masonry units (19    |    |
| hei                         |     lbs./block).                  |    |
| ght="1.0729166666666667in"} |                                   |    |
|                             | 2.  Common brick, mortared        |    |
|                             |     together.                     |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  Resilient channels.           |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 4.  ½" gypsum board screwed to    |    |
|                             |     channels.                     |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+

A-2

+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| Sketch                      | Brief Description                 | S  |
|                             |                                   | TC |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image14.png){w    | 1.  6x8x16" 3-cell lightweight    | 44 |
| idth="2.4895833333333335in" |     concrete masonry units (21    |    |
| height="0.875in"}           |     lbs./block).                  |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image15.png){w    | 1.  6x8x16" 3-cell lightweight    | 46 |
| idth="2.4791666666666665in" |     concrete masonry units (21    |    |
| height="0.84375in"}         |     lbs./block).                  |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 2.  Paint both sides with         |    |
|                             |     primer-sealer coat and finish |    |
|                             |     coat of latex.                |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image16.png){w    | 1.  6x8x18" 3-cell dense concrete | 48 |
| idth="2.5104166666666665in" |     masonry units (36             |    |
| hei                         |     lbs./block).                  |    |
| ght="0.8541666666666666in"} |                                   |    |
|                             | 2.  Paint both sides with         |    |
|                             |     primer-sealer coat and finish |    |
|                             |     coat of latex.                |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image17.png){w    | 1.  6x8x16" 3-cell lightweight    | 53 |
| idth="2.5104166666666665in" |     concrete masonry units (21    |    |
| hei                         |     lbs./block).                  |    |
| ght="0.9270833333333334in"} |                                   |    |
|                             | 2.  Paint, primer-sealer coat and |    |
|                             |     finish coat of latex.         |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  Resilient channels, 24"o.c.   |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 4.  ½" gypsum board screwed to    |    |
|                             |     channels.                     |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image18.png){w    | 1.  8x8x16" 3-cell lightweight    | 45 |
| idth="2.5104166666666665in" |     concrete masonry units (28    |    |
| hei                         |     lbs./block).                  |    |
| ght="1.0416666666666667in"} |                                   |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image19.png){w    | 1.  8x8x18" 3-cell lightweight    | 49 |
| idth="2.5208333333333335in" |     concrete masonry units (34    |    |
| height="1.0625in"}          |     lbs./block).                  |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+

A-3

+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| Sketch                      | Brief Description                 | S  |
|                             |                                   | TC |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image20.png){w    | 1.  8x8x18" 3-cell lightweight    | 49 |
| idth="2.5833333333333335in" |     concrete masonry units (38    |    |
| hei                         |     lbs./block).                  |    |
| ght="0.9895833333333334in"} |                                   |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/ima               | 1.  8x8x18" 3-cell lightweight    | 51 |
| ge21.png){width="2.59375in" |     concrete masonry units (34    |    |
| hei                         |     lbs./block).                  |    |
| ght="1.0416666666666667in"} |                                   |    |
|                             | 2.  Expanded mineral loose-fill   |    |
|                             |     insulation.                   |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image22.png){w    | 1.  8x8x18" 3-cell lightweight    | 51 |
| idth="2.5520833333333335in" |     concrete masonry units (38    |    |
| hei                         |     lbs./block).                  |    |
| ght="1.0104166666666667in"} |                                   |    |
|                             | 2.  Expanded mineral loose-fill   |    |
|                             |     insulation.                   |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/im                | 1.  8x8x18" 3-cell lightweight    | 48 |
| age23.png){width="2.5625in" |     concrete masonry units (33    |    |
| height="1.03125in"}         |     lbs./block).                  |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 2.  Grout in cells.               |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  #5 bar in each cell.          |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/im                | 1.  8x8x18" 3-cell lightweight    | 55 |
| age24.png){width="2.5625in" |     concrete masonry units (33    |    |
| hei                         |     lbs./block).                  |    |
| ght="1.0416666666666667in"} |                                   |    |
|                             | 2.  Grout in cells.               |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  #5 bar each cell.             |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 4.  Paint two coats flat latex    |    |
|                             |     each side.                    |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/im                | 1.  12x8x16" 3-cell lightweight   | 39 |
| age25.png){width="2.5625in" |     concrete masonry units (43    |    |
| height="1.3125in"}          |     lbs./block).                  |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+

A-4

+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| Sketch                      | Brief Description                 | S  |
|                             |                                   | TC |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image26.png){w    | 1.  12x8x16. 3-cell lightweight   | 50 |
| idth="2.4166666666666665in" |     concrete masonry units (43    |    |
| height="1.25in"}            |     lbs./block).                  |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 2.  Paint both sides with 3 coats |    |
|                             |     of latex block filler.        |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image27.png){w    | 1.  12x8x16" 3-cell lightweight   | 51 |
| idth="2.4270833333333335in" |     concrete masonry units (43    |    |
| hei                         |     lbs./block).                  |    |
| ght="1.2708333333333333in"} |                                   |    |
|                             | 2.  Paint one side only with 3    |    |
|                             |     coats latex block filler.     |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image28.png){w    | 1.  6" cast concrete wall (71     | 57 |
| idth="2.4479166666666665in" |     psf).                         |    |
| hei                         |                                   |    |
| ght="0.7291666666666666in"} |                                   |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/im                | 1.  6" cast concrete wall.        | 59 |
| age29.png){width="2.4375in" |                                   |    |
| hei                         | 2.  "Z" furring channels.         |    |
| ght="0.8333333333333334in"} |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  ½" gypsum board.              |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image30.png){w    | 1.  6" cast concrete wall.        | 62 |
| idth="2.4270833333333335in" |                                   |    |
| hei                         | 2.  "Z" furring channels.         |    |
| ght="0.8645833333333334in"} |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  1", 8-pcf rockwool.           |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 4.  ½" gypsum board.              |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/im                | 1.  6" cast concrete wall.        | 63 |
| age31.png){width="2.4375in" |                                   |    |
| hei                         | 2.  2x2" wood furring.            |    |
| ght="0.8854166666666666in"} |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  1 ½" 4-pcf rockwool.          |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 4.  ½" gypsum board.              |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+

A-5

+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| Sketch                      | Brief Description                 | S  |
|                             |                                   | TC |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image32.png){w    | 1.  8" cast concrete wall (96.6   | 58 |
| idth="2.6041666666666665in" |     psf).                         |    |
| hei                         |                                   |    |
| ght="0.8229166666666666in"} |                                   |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image33.png){w    | 1.  8" cast concrete wall.        | 59 |
| idth="2.6041666666666665in" |                                   |    |
| hei                         | 2.  2x2" wood furring.            |    |
| ght="1.0208333333333333in"} |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  ½" gypsum board.              |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image34.png){w    | 1.  8" cast concrete wall.        | 63 |
| idth="2.6041666666666665in" |                                   |    |
| height="1.0in"}             | 2.  2x2" wood furring.            |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  1 ½", 4 psf rockwall.         |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 4.  ½" gypsum board.              |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image35.png){w    | 1.  Face brick.                   | 54 |
| idth="2.5833333333333335in" |                                   |    |
| hei                         | 2.  ½" air space, with metal      |    |
| ght="1.5833333333333333in"} |     ties.                         |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  ¾" insulation board           |    |
|                             |     sheathing.                    |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 4.  2x4" studs 16"o.c.            |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 5.  Resilient channel.            |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 6.  ½" gypsum board.              |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image36.png){w    | 1.  Face brick.                   | 56 |
| idth="2.5833333333333335in" |                                   |    |
| hei                         | 2.  ½" air space, with metal      |    |
| ght="1.5729166666666667in"} |     ties.                         |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  ¾" insulation board           |    |
|                             |     sheathing.                    |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 4.  2x4" studs 16"o.c.            |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 5.  Fiberglas building insulation |    |
|                             |     (3 ½").                       |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 6.  Resilient channel.            |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 7.  ½" gypsum board.              |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+

A-6

+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| Sketch                      | Brief Description                 | S  |
|                             |                                   | TC |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image37.png){w    | 1.  Face brick (9x14' wall).      | 39 |
| idth="2.4791666666666665in" |                                   |    |
| hei                         | 2.  ½" air space, with metal      |    |
| ght="1.7395833333333333in"} |     ties.                         |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  ¾" insulation board           |    |
|                             |     sheathing.                    |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 4.  2x4" studs 16"o.c.            |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 5.  Fiberglas building insulation |    |
|                             |     (3 ½").                       |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 6.  Resilient channel.            |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 7.  ½" gypsum board.              |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 8.  Wall penetrated by 6x5\'      |    |
|                             |     picture window 1" glazed      |    |
|                             |     insulating glass.             |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image38.png){w    | 1.  7/8" stucco.                  | 49 |
| idth="2.4791666666666665in" |                                   |    |
| hei                         | 2.  No.15 felt building paper and |    |
| ght="1.3333333333333333in"} |     1" wire mesh.                 |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  2x4" studs 16"o.c.            |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 4.  Resilient channel.            |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 5.  ½" gypsum board screwed to    |    |
|                             |     channel.                      |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image39.png){w    | 1.  7/8" stucco.                  | 57 |
| idth="2.4895833333333335in" |                                   |    |
| hei                         | 2.  No.15 felt building paper and |    |
| ght="1.3854166666666667in"} |     1" wire mesh.                 |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  2x4" studs 16"o.c.            |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 4.  Fiberglas building insulation |    |
|                             |     (3 ½").                       |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 5.  Resilient channel.            |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 6.  ½" gypsum board screwed to    |    |
|                             |     channel.                      |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image40.png){w    | 1.  5/8 x 10" redwood siding.     | 43 |
| idth="2.4791666666666665in" |                                   |    |
| hei                         | 2.  ½" insulation board           |    |
| ght="1.3333333333333333in"} |     sheathing.                    |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  2x4" wood studs 16"o.c.       |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 4.  Resilient channel.            |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 5.  ½" gypsum board screwed to    |    |
|                             |     channel.                      |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+

A-7

+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| Sketch                      | Brief Description                 | S  |
|                             |                                   | TC |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image41.png){w    | 1.  5/8x10" redwood siding.       | 47 |
| idth="2.5833333333333335in" |                                   |    |
| hei                         | 2.  ½" insulation board           |    |
| ght="1.3333333333333333in"} |     sheathing.                    |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  2x4" wood studs 16"o.c.       |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 4.  Fiberglas building insulation |    |
|                             |     (3 ½").                       |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 5.  Resilient channel.            |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 6.  ½" gypsum board screwed to    |    |
|                             |     channel.                      |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/ima               | 1.  5/8x10" redwood siding        | (  |
| ge42.png){width="2.59375in" |     (9x14\' wall).                | a. |
| hei                         |                                   | 38 |
| ght="1.3645833333333333in"} | 2.  ½" insulation board           | )\ |
|                             |     sheathing.                    | (b |
|                             |                                   | .3 |
|                             | 3.  2x4" wood studs 16.o.c.       | 5) |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 4.  Fiberglas building insulation |    |
|                             |     (3 ½").                       |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 5.  Resilient channel.            |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 6.  ½" gypsum board screwed to    |    |
|                             |     channel.                      |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 7.  a.  Wall penetrated by a      |    |
|                             |         6x5\' picture window, 1"  |    |
|                             |         glazed insulating glass.  |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             |     b.  Wall penetrated by a      |    |
|                             |         6x5\' 16 panel window,    |    |
|                             |         glazed single strength.   |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+

A-8

WALLS: Interior: Wooden Studs

+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| Sketch                      | Brief Description                 | S  |
|                             |                                   | TC |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image43.png){w    | 1.  ½" gypsum board.              | 28 |
| idth="2.6145833333333335in" |                                   |    |
| hei                         | 2.  3/16" plywood laminated with  |    |
| ght="0.6145833333333334in"} |     contact cement.               |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/i                 | 1.  ½" gypsum board.              | 30 |
| mage44.png){width="2.625in" |                                   |    |
| hei                         | 2.  ½" wood-fiber board laminated |    |
| ght="0.6666666666666666in"} |     with gypsum joint compound.   |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image45.png){w    | 1.  2x4" studs, 16"o.c.           | 28 |
| idth="2.6145833333333335in" |                                   |    |
| height="0.6875in"}          | 2.  5/8" gypsum board screwed to  |    |
|                             |     studs.                        |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image46.png){w    | 1.  ½" gypsum board, no studs.    | 30 |
| idth="2.6354166666666665in" |                                   |    |
| height="0.71875in"}         | 2.  2 ½" air space.               |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image47.png){w    | 1.  ½" gypsum board, no studs.    | 44 |
| idth="2.6145833333333335in" |                                   |    |
| height="0.71875in"}         | 2.  2 ½" air space.               |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  2" thick sound attenuation    |    |
|                             |     blanket.                      |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image48.png){w    | 1.  ½" gypsum board, no studs.    | 45 |
| idth="2.6041666666666665in" |                                   |    |
| hei                         | 2.  3 5/8" air space.             |    |
| ght="0.8020833333333334in"} |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  2" thick sound attenuation    |    |
|                             |     blanket.                      |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/i                 | 1.  1 3/8" thick wood-fiber board | 44 |
| mage49.png){width="2.625in" |     nailed to 2x4" plates top and |    |
| hei                         |     bottom and painted both       |    |
| ght="0.9270833333333334in"} |     sides.                        |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 2.  3 ½" air cavity.              |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+

A-9

+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| Sketch                      | Brief Description                 | S  |
|                             |                                   | TC |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image50.png){w    | 1.  ½" gypsum board, no studs.    | 48 |
| idth="2.5833333333333335in" |                                   |    |
| hei                         | 2.  ½" gypsum board laminated to  |    |
| ght="0.8541666666666666in"} |     base layer with gypsum joint  |    |
|                             |     compound.                     |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  3 5/8" air cavity.            |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 4.  2" thick sound attenuation    |    |
|                             |     blanket.                      |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image51.png){w    | 1.  2x4" studs, 16"o.c.           | 35 |
| idth="2.5729166666666665in" |                                   |    |
| hei                         | 2.  3/8" gypsum board nailed to   |    |
| ght="0.7604166666666666in"} |     studs.                        |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image52.png){w    | 1.  2x4" studs, 16"o.c.           | 41 |
| idth="2.5729166666666665in" |                                   |    |
| hei                         | 2.  3/8" gypsum board nailed to   |    |
| ght="0.8333333333333334in"} |     studs.                        |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  3" thick sound attenuation    |    |
|                             |     blanket.                      |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image53.png){w    | 1.  2x4" studs, 16"o.c.           | 34 |
| idth="2.5729166666666665in" |                                   |    |
| hei                         | 2.  ½" gypsum board screwed to    |    |
| ght="0.7916666666666666in"} |     studs.                        |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/ima               | 1.  2x4" studs, 16"o.c.           | 37 |
| ge54.png){width="2.59375in" |                                   |    |
| hei                         | 2.  ½" gypsum board screwed to    |    |
| ght="0.9895833333333334in"} |     studs.                        |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  2" thick sound attenuation    |    |
|                             |     blanket.                      |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/ima               | 1.  2x4" studs, 24"o.c.           | 36 |
| ge55.png){width="2.59375in" |                                   |    |
| hei                         | 2.  ½" gypsum board screwed to    |    |
| ght="0.8958333333333334in"} |     studs.                        |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+

A-10

+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| Sketch                      | Brief Description                 | S  |
|                             |                                   | TC |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image56.png){w    | 1.  2x4"studs, 24"o.c.            | 40 |
| idth="2.6145833333333335in" |                                   |    |
| hei                         | 2.  ½" gypsum board screwed to    |    |
| ght="0.7916666666666666in"} |     studs.                        |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  2" thick sound attenuation    |    |
|                             |     blanket.                      |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image57.png){w    | 1.  2x4" studs spaced 16"o.c. and | 39 |
| idth="2.6145833333333335in" |     staggered 8"o.c. on 2x6"      |    |
| height="0.96875in"}         |     plates.                       |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 2.  ½" gypsum board screwed       |    |
|                             |     12"o.c.                       |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/ima               | 1.  2x4" studs spaced 16"o.c. and | 48 |
| ge58.png){width="2.59375in" |     staggered 8"o.c. on 2x6"      |    |
| height="0.9375in"}          |     plates.                       |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 2.  ½" gypsum board screwed       |    |
|                             |     12"o.c.                       |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  2 ¼" thick sound attenuation  |    |
|                             |     blanket.                      |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image59.png){w    | 1.  2x4" studs spaced 16"o.c. and | 49 |
| idth="2.6041666666666665in" |     staggered 8"o.c. on 2x6"      |    |
| height="0.9375in"}          |     plates.                       |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 2.  ½" gypsum board screwed       |    |
|                             |     12"o.c.                       |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  3 ½" thick sound attenuation  |    |
|                             |     blanket.                      |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image60.png){w    | 1.  2x4" studs spaced 16"o.c. and | 49 |
| idth="2.6145833333333335in" |     staggered 8"o.c. on 2x6"      |    |
| hei                         |     plates.                       |    |
| ght="0.9479166666666666in"} |                                   |    |
|                             | 2.  ½" gypsum board screwed       |    |
|                             |     12"o.c.                       |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  2 ¼" thick sound attenuation  |    |
|                             |     blankets in both stud         |    |
|                             |     cavities.                     |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/i                 | 1.  2x4" studs spaced 16"o.c. and | 51 |
| mage61.png){width="2.625in" |     staggered 8"o.c. on 2x6"      |    |
| hei                         |     plates.                       |    |
| ght="0.9479166666666666in"} |                                   |    |
|                             | 2.  ½" gypsum board screwed       |    |
|                             |     12"o.c.                       |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  3 ½" thick sound attenuation  |    |
|                             |     blankets in both stud         |    |
|                             |     cavities.                     |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+

A-11

+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| Sketch                      | Brief Description                 | S  |
|                             |                                   | TC |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image62.png){w    | 1.  2x4" studs spaced 24"o.c. and | 42 |
| idth="2.6458333333333335in" |     staggered 12"o.c. on 2x6"     |    |
| height="0.96875in"}         |     plates.                       |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 2.  ½" type X gypsum board        |    |
|                             |     screwed 12"o.c.               |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image63.png){w    | 1.  2x4" studs spaced 24"o.c. and | 46 |
| idth="2.6041666666666665in" |     staggered 12"o.c. on 2x6"     |    |
| hei                         |     plates.                       |    |
| ght="0.9479166666666666in"} |                                   |    |
|                             | 2.  ½" gypsum board screwed to    |    |
|                             |     studs.                        |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  2" thick sound attenuation    |    |
|                             |     blanket.                      |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image64.png){w    | 1.  2x4" studs spaced 24"o.c. and | 48 |
| idth="2.6458333333333335in" |     staggered 12"o.c. on 2x6"     |    |
| hei                         |     plates.                       |    |
| ght="0.9166666666666666in"} |                                   |    |
|                             | 2.  ½" type X gypsum board        |    |
|                             |     screwed 12"o.c.               |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  2" thick sound attenuation    |    |
|                             |     blankets in both stud         |    |
|                             |     cavities.                     |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/i                 | 1.  Double row of 2x4" studs      | 47 |
| mage65.png){width="2.625in" |     16"o.c. on separate plates    |    |
| height="1.21875in"}         |     spaced 1" apart.              |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 2.  ½" type X gypsum board        |    |
|                             |     screwed 12"o.c.               |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image66.png){w    | 1.  Double row of 2x3" studs      | 55 |
| idth="2.6145833333333335in" |     16"o.c. on 2x3" plates spaced |    |
| hei                         |     2 ½" apart.                   |    |
| ght="1.0520833333333333in"} |                                   |    |
|                             | 2.  ½" gypsum board screwed       |    |
|                             |     16"o.c.                       |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  2 ¼" thick sound attenuation  |    |
|                             |     blanket.                      |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/i                 | 1.  Double row of 2x4" studs      | 56 |
| mage67.png){width="2.625in" |     16"o.c. on separate plates    |    |
| height="1.21875in"}         |     spaced 1" apart.              |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 2.  ½" type X gypsum board        |    |
|                             |     screwed 12"o.c.               |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  3 ½" thick sound attenuation  |    |
|                             |     blanket.                      |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+

A-12

+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| Sketch                      | Brief Description                 | S  |
|                             |                                   | TC |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/i                 | 1.  Double row of 2x4" studs      | 56 |
| mage68.png){width="2.625in" |     16"o.c. on separate plates    |    |
| height="1.0in"}             |     spaced 1" apart.              |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 2.  ½" gypsum board screwed       |    |
|                             |     12"o.c.                       |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  2 ¼" thick sound attenuation  |    |
|                             |     blankets in both stud         |    |
|                             |     cavities.                     |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image69.png){w    | 1.  Double row of 2x4" studs      | 63 |
| idth="2.6354166666666665in" |     16.o.c. on separate plates    |    |
| hei                         |     spaced 1" apart.              |    |
| ght="1.2395833333333333in"} |                                   |    |
|                             | 2.  Double row of 5/8" type X     |    |
|                             |     gypsum board screwed 16.o.c.  |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  3 ½" thick sound attenuation  |    |
|                             |     blankets in both stud         |    |
|                             |     cavities.                     |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+

A-13

WALLS: Interior: Metal Studs

+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| Sketch                      | Brief Description                 | S  |
|                             |                                   | TC |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image70.png){w    | 1.  1 5/8" metal studs, 24"o.c.   | 27 |
| idth="2.5833333333333335in" |                                   |    |
| height="0.59375in"}         | 2.  1/2. vinyl-faced gypsum board |    |
|                             |     screwed to studs.             |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image71.png){w    | 1.  1 5/8" metal studs spaced     | 34 |
| idth="2.5729166666666665in" |     24"o.c. and staggered 12"o.c. |    |
| hei                         |     on 2 ½" metal tracks.         |    |
| ght="0.6666666666666666in"} |                                   |    |
|                             | 2.  1/2" gypsum board screwed to  |    |
|                             |     studs.                        |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image72.png){w    | 1.  1 5/8" metal studs, 24"o.c.   | 37 |
| idth="2.5729166666666665in" |                                   |    |
| height="0.625in"}           | 2.  5/8" gypsum board screwed     |    |
|                             |     12"o.c. at edges and 24"o.c.  |    |
|                             |     in field.                     |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image73.png){w    | 1.  1 5/8" metal studs spaced     | 38 |
| idth="2.6145833333333335in" |     24"o.c. and staggered 12"o.c. |    |
| hei                         |     on 21/2" metal channels.      |    |
| ght="0.6770833333333334in"} |                                   |    |
|                             | 2.  5/8" gypsum board screwed to  |    |
|                             |     studs.                        |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/ima               | 1.  2 ½" metal studs, 24"o.c.     | 27 |
| ge74.png){width="2.59375in" |                                   |    |
| height="0.6875in"}          | 2.  1/2" vinyl-faced gypsum board |    |
|                             |     screwed to studs.             |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/i                 | 1.  2 1/2" metal studs, 24"o.c.   | 37 |
| mage75.png){width="2.625in" |                                   |    |
| hei                         | 2.  5/8" gypsum board screwed to  |    |
| ght="0.7395833333333334in"} |     studs.                        |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+

A-14

+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| Sketch                      | Brief Description                 | S  |
|                             |                                   | TC |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/im                | 1.  2 ½" metal studs, 24"o.c.     | 42 |
| age76.png){width="2.5625in" |                                   |    |
| height="0.625in"}           | 2.  5/8" gypsum board screwed     |    |
|                             |     12"o.c. at edges and 24"o.c.  |    |
|                             |     in field.                     |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  1 ½" thick sound attenuation  |    |
|                             |     blanket.                      |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/im                | 1.  2 ½" metal studs, 24"o.c.     | 44 |
| age77.png){width="2.5625in" |                                   |    |
| hei                         | 2.  ½" gypsum board screwed to    |    |
| ght="0.5833333333333334in"} |     studs.                        |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  2" thick sound attenuation    |    |
|                             |     blanket.                      |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image78.png){w    | 1.  3 5/8" metal studs, 24"o.c.   | 27 |
| idth="2.5520833333333335in" |                                   |    |
| hei                         | 2.  1/2. gypsum board screwed to  |    |
| ght="0.6458333333333334in"} |     studs.                        |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image79.png){w    | 1\. 3 5/8" metal studs, 24"o.c.   | 36 |
| idth="2.5416666666666665in" |                                   |    |
| hei                         | 2\. ½" gypsum board screwed to    |    |
| ght="0.7291666666666666in"} | studs.                            |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image80.png){w    | 1.  3 5/8" metal studs, 24"o.c.   | 44 |
| idth="2.5520833333333335in" |                                   |    |
| hei                         | 2.  ½" gypsum board screwed to    |    |
| ght="0.6979166666666666in"} |     studs.                        |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  2" thick sound attenuation    |    |
|                             |     blanket.                      |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+

A-15

[]{#floo .anchor}Floors: Wood

+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| Sketch                      | Brief Description                 | ST |
|                             |                                   | C\ |
|                             |                                   | (  |
|                             |                                   | II |
|                             |                                   | C) |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/im                | 1.  2x8" wooden joists, 16"o.c.   | N  |
| age81.png){width="2.5625in" |                                   | A\ |
| height="1.03125in"}         | 2.  7/8" tongue and groove nailed | (3 |
|                             |     to joints.                    | 2) |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  3/8" gypsum nailed to joints. |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/im                | 1\. 2x8" wooden joists, 16"o.c.   | N  |
| age82.png){width="2.5625in" |                                   | A\ |
| hei                         | 2\. ½" plywood nailed.            | (3 |
| ght="1.1666666666666667in"} |                                   | 7) |
|                             | 3\. 25/32" hardwood flooring.     |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 4\. 1/2" gypsum nailed to joists. |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 5\. Ceiling tire.                 |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image83.png){w    | 1.  2x8" wooden joists, 16"o.c.   | 4  |
| idth="2.5520833333333335in" |                                   | 6\ |
| hei                         | 2.  5/8" tongue and groove        | (4 |
| ght="1.1666666666666667in"} |     plywood nailed with 8d nails  | 4) |
|                             |     6"o.c.                        |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  3/8" plywood stapled 3"o.c.   |    |
|                             |     at edges and 6"o.c. in field. |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 4.  .075" sheet vinyl.            |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 5.  Resilient channels, 24"o.c.   |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 6.  5/8" gypsum board screwed     |    |
|                             |     12"o.c.                       |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 7.  3" thick sound attenuation    |    |
|                             |     blanket.                      |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image84.png){w    | 1.  2x8" wooden joists, 16"o.c.   | 4  |
| idth="2.5520833333333335in" |                                   | 8\ |
| hei                         | 2.  5/8" plywood nailed with 8d   | (6 |
| ght="1.2291666666666667in"} |     nails.                        | 5) |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  ½" nominal wood-fiber board   |    |
|                             |     glued to plywood.             |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 4.  44 oz. carpet on 50 oz. pad.  |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 5.  Resilient channels, 24"o.c.   |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 6.  5/8" gypsum board screwed     |    |
|                             |     12"o.c.                       |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/im                | 1.  2x8" wooden joists, 16"o.c.   | 48 |
| age85.png){width="2.5625in" |                                   |    |
| height="1.1875in"}          | 2.  19/32" tongue and groove      | (  |
|                             |     plywood nailed with 8d nails  | a. |
|                             |     6"o.c. at edges and 10"o.c.   | 69 |
|                             |     in field.                     | )\ |
|                             |                                   | (  |
|                             | 3.  a.  44 oz. carpet on 40 oz.   | b. |
|                             |         hair pad.                 | 45 |
|                             |                                   | )\ |
|                             |     b.  .075" sheet vinyl.        | (c |
|                             |                                   | .4 |
|                             |     c.  1/16" sheet vinyl.        | 3) |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 4.  Resilient channels, 24"o.c.   |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 5.  5/8" gypsum board screwed     |    |
|                             |     12"o.c.                       |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 6.  3" thick sound attenuation    |    |
|                             |     blanket.                      |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+

A-16

+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| Sketch                      | Brief Description                 | ST |
|                             |                                   | C\ |
|                             |                                   | (  |
|                             |                                   | II |
|                             |                                   | C) |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/im                | 1.  2x8" wooden joists, 16"o.c.   | 5  |
| age86.png){width="2.5625in" |                                   | 3\ |
| hei                         | 2.  1 1/8" tongue and groove      | (8 |
| ght="1.3020833333333333in"} |     plywood nailed 6"o.c. at      | 0) |
|                             |     edges and 16"o.c. in field.   |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  44 oz. wool carpet on 40 oz.  |    |
|                             |     hair pad.                     |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 4.  2x4" ceiling joists, 16"o.c.  |    |
|                             |     and staggered between floor   |    |
|                             |     joists.                       |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 5.  5/8" gypsum board nailed to   |    |
|                             |     2x4" joists.                  |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 6.  3" thick sound attenuation    |    |
|                             |     blanket.                      |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image87.png){w    | 1.  2x8" wooden joists, 16"o.c.   | 5  |
| idth="2.5729166666666665in" |                                   | 4\ |
| hei                         | 2.  1/2" plywood nailed with 8d   | (4 |
| ght="1.2395833333333333in"} |     nails 6"o.c. at edges and     | 5) |
|                             |     16"o.c. in field.             |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  25/32" wood strip flooring    |    |
|                             |     nailed to sub floor.          |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 4.  2x4" wooden ceiling joists,   |    |
|                             |     16"o.c. and staggered between |    |
|                             |     floor joists.                 |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 5.  5/8" gypsum board nailed to   |    |
|                             |     2x4" joists.                  |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 6.  3" thick sound attenuation    |    |
|                             |     blanket.                      |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image88.png){w    | 1.  2x10" wooden joists, 16"o.c.  | 4  |
| idth="2.5520833333333335in" |                                   | 9\ |
| height="1.40625in"}         | 2.  1 11/32" tongue and groove    | (6 |
|                             |     wood-fiber board.             | 8) |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  44 oz. wool carpet on 40 oz.  |    |
|                             |     hair pad.                     |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 4.  Resilient channels, 24"o.c.   |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 5.  5/8" gypsum screwed 12"o.c.   |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image89.png){w    | 1.  2x10" wooden joists, 16"o.c.  | 51 |
| idth="2.5833333333333335in" |                                   |    |
| height="1.34375in"}         | 2.  19/32" tongue and groove      | (  |
|                             |     plywood.                      | a. |
|                             |                                   | 74 |
|                             | 3.  a.  Carpet and pad.           | )\ |
|                             |                                   | (b |
|                             |     b.  Vinyl tile.               | .5 |
|                             |                                   | 1) |
|                             | 4.  Resilient channels, 24"o.c.   |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 5.  5/8" gypsum screwed 12"o.c.   |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 6.  1" thick sound attenuation    |    |
|                             |     blanket.                      |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+

A-17

+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| Sketch                      | Brief Description                 | ST |
|                             |                                   | C\ |
|                             |                                   | (  |
|                             |                                   | II |
|                             |                                   | C) |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/ima               | 1.  2x10" wooden joists, 16"o.c.  | 5  |
| ge90.png){width="2.53125in" |                                   | 0\ |
| hei                         | 2.  1 11/32" tongue and groove    | (7 |
| ght="1.3958333333333333in"} |     wood-fiber board.             | 2) |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  40 oz. wool carpet on 80 oz.  |    |
|                             |     sponge rubber pad.            |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 4.  Resilient channels, 24"o.c.   |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 5.  1/2" gypsum board screwed     |    |
|                             |     12"o.c.                       |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 6.  3" thick sound attenuation    |    |
|                             |     blanket.                      |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/im                | 1.  2x10" wooden joists, 16"o.c.  | 4  |
| age91.png){width="2.5625in" |                                   | 3\ |
| hei                         | 2.  5/8" plywood sub floor glued  | (N |
| ght="1.3541666666666667in"} |     to joists, nailed with 8d     | A) |
|                             |     nails 12"o.c.                 |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  ¼" particleboard glued to     |    |
|                             |     plywood.                      |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 4.  ½" parquet wood flooring      |    |
|                             |     glued to particleboard.       |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 5.  ½" type-X gypsum board        |    |
|                             |     screwed 12"o.c.               |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 6.  3" thick sound attenuation    |    |
|                             |     blanket.                      |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image92.png){w    | 1.  2x10" wooden joists, 16"o.c.  | 56 |
| idth="2.5416666666666665in" |                                   |    |
| hei                         | 2.  5/8" tongue and groove        | (  |
| ght="1.3229166666666667in"} |     plywood nailed with 8d nails  | a. |
|                             |     6"o.c. along edges and        | 74 |
|                             |     10"o.c. in field.             | )\ |
|                             |                                   | (b |
|                             | 3.  Two layers of 5/8" gypsum     | .5 |
|                             |     board attached with screws    | 0) |
|                             |     12"o.c. to underside of sub   |    |
|                             |     floor.                        |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 4.  a.  44 oz. carpet on 40 oz.   |    |
|                             |         hair pad.                 |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             |     b.  1/16" vinyl asbestos      |    |
|                             |         tile.                     |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 5.  Resilient channels, 24"o.c.   |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 6.  5/8" gypsum board screwed     |    |
|                             |     12"o.c.                       |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 7.  3 ½" thick sound attenuation  |    |
|                             |     blanket.                      |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/im                | 1.  2x10" wooden joists, 16"o.c.  | 49 |
| age93.png){width="2.5625in" |                                   |    |
| hei                         | 2.  5/8" tongue and groove        | (  |
| ght="1.7291666666666667in"} |     plywood nailed with 8d nails  | a. |
|                             |     6"o.c. along edges and        | 68 |
|                             |     10"o.c. in field.             | )\ |
|                             |                                   | (b |
|                             | 3.  a.  44 oz. carpet on 40 oz.   | .4 |
|                             |         hair pad.                 | 7) |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             |     b.  1/16" vinyl asbestos      |    |
|                             |         tile.                     |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 4.  5/8" gypsum board nailed      |    |
|                             |     7"o.c.                        |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 5.  Two layers of 5/8" gypsum     |    |
|                             |     board suspended by wire       |    |
|                             |     hangers 5" long in a 2x4\'    |    |
|                             |     heavy-duty T grid ceiling     |    |
|                             |     system.                       |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 6.  3 ½" thick sound attenuation  |    |
|                             |     blanket.                      |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+

A-18

+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| Sketch                      | Brief Description                 | ST |
|                             |                                   | C\ |
|                             |                                   | (  |
|                             |                                   | II |
|                             |                                   | C) |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/ima               | 1.  2x8" wooden joists, 16"o.c.   | 4  |
| ge94.png){width="2.53125in" |                                   | 7\ |
| hei                         | 2.  5/8" tongue and groove        | (6 |
| ght="1.2291666666666667in"} |     plywood nailed to joists with | 6) |
|                             |     8d nails 6"o.c. at edges and  |    |
|                             |     10"o.c. in field.             |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  1 5/8" lightweight concrete   |    |
|                             |     over 4 mil. polyethylene      |    |
|                             |     film.                         |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 4.  44 oz. carpet on 40 oz. hair  |    |
|                             |     pad.                          |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 5.  5/8" gypsum board nailed to   |    |
|                             |     joists.                       |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image95.png){w    | 1.  2x8" wooden joists, 16"o.c.   | 53 |
| idth="2.5416666666666665in" |                                   |    |
| hei                         | 2.  5/8" tongue and groove        | (  |
| ght="1.3020833333333333in"} |     plywood nailed to joists with | a. |
|                             |     8d nails 6"o.c. at edges and  | 74 |
|                             |     10"o.c. in field.             | )\ |
|                             |                                   | (  |
|                             | 3.  1 5/8" thick lightweight      | b. |
|                             |     concrete over 4 mil.          | 4  |
|                             |     polyethylene film.            | 7) |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 4.  a.  44 oz. carpet on 40 oz.   |    |
|                             |         hair pad.                 |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             |     b.  .075" sheet vinyl.        |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 5.  Resilient channels, 24"o.c.   |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 6.  5/8" gypsum board screwed     |    |
|                             |     12"o.c.                       |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 7.  3" thick sound attenuation    |    |
|                             |     blanket.                      |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image96.png){w    | 1.  2x10" wooden joists. 16"o.c.  | N  |
| idth="2.5416666666666665in" |                                   | A\ |
| hei                         | 2.  5/8" plywood nailed to        | (5 |
| ght="1.3854166666666667in"} |     joists.                       | 1) |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  3\. 1 ½" thick lightweight    |    |
|                             |     concrete, 13 psf.             |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 4.  Cushioned vinyl.              |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 5.  Resilient channels, 24"o.c.   |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 6.  5/8" gypsum board screwed to  |    |
|                             |     channels.                     |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 7.  3 ½" thick sound attenuation  |    |
|                             |     blanket.                      |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image97.png){w    | 1.  Plywood web I-beams 12" deep  | 5  |
| idth="2.5520833333333335in" |     and 24"o.c.                   | 7\ |
| height="1.59375in"}         |                                   | (N |
|                             | 2.  3/4" plywood sub floor nailed | A) |
|                             |     with 6d nails 6"o.c. at edges |    |
|                             |     and 10"o.c. in field.         |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  1 ½" thick lightweight        |    |
|                             |     concrete, 15 psf.             |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 4.  Resilient channels, 24"o.c.   |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 5.  5/8" gypsum board screwed     |    |
|                             |     12"o.c.                       |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+

A-19

+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| Sketch                      | Brief Description                 | ST |
|                             |                                   | C\ |
|                             |                                   | (  |
|                             |                                   | II |
|                             |                                   | C) |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/ima               | 1.  Plywood web I-beams 12" deep  | 58 |
| ge98.png){width="2.53125in" |     and 24"o.c.                   |    |
| height="1.625in"}           |                                   | (  |
|                             | 2.  3/4" plywood sub floor nailed | a. |
|                             |     with 6d nails 6"o.c. at edges | 77 |
|                             |     and 10"o.c. in field.         | )\ |
|                             |                                   | (  |
|                             | 3.  1 1/2" thick lightweight      | b. |
|                             |     concrete, 15 psf.             | 5  |
|                             |                                   | 0) |
|                             | 4.  a.  44 oz. carpet on 40 oz.   |    |
|                             |         hair pad.                 |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             |     b.  .07" vinyl tile.          |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 5.  Resilient channels, 24.o.c.   |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 6.  5/8" gypsum board screwed     |    |
|                             |     12"o.c.                       |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 7.  3" thick sound attenuation    |    |
|                             |     blanket.                      |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/ima               | 1.  2x10" wooden joists, 16"o.c.  | 5  |
| ge99.png){width="2.53125in" |                                   | 1\ |
| hei                         | 2.  5/8" plywood glued to joists, | (N |
| ght="1.4166666666666667in"} |     nailed with 8d nails 12"o.c.  | A) |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  ¼" particleboard glued to     |    |
|                             |     plywood.                      |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 4.  ½" fiberboard glued to        |    |
|                             |     particleboard.                |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 5.  a.  76 oz. carpet on 50 oz.   |    |
|                             |         hair pad.                 |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             |     b.  1/2" parquet wood         |    |
|                             |         flooring.                 |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 6.  Resilient channels, 24"o.c.   |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 7.  ½" type-X gypsum board        |    |
|                             |     screwed 12"o.c.               |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 8.  3" thick sound attenuation    |    |
|                             |     blanket.                      |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/imag              | 1.  2x10" wooden joists, 16"o.c.  | 5  |
| e100.png){width="2.53125in" |                                   | 6\ |
| hei                         | 2.  5/8" plywood sub floor nailed | (N |
| ght="1.4166666666666667in"} |     with 8d nails 6"o.c. along    | A) |
|                             |     edges, 10"o.c. in field.      |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  1 1/2" thick lightweight      |    |
|                             |     concrete over 15 lb. asphalt  |    |
|                             |     felt.                         |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 4.  a.  20 oz. carpet on 40 oz.   |    |
|                             |         hair pad.                 |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             |     b.  1/16" thick               |    |
|                             |         vinyl-asbestos tile.      |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 5.  Resilient channels, 24"o.c.   |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 6.  ½" type-X gypsum board        |    |
|                             |     screwed 12"o.c.               |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image101.png){w   | 1.  2x10" wooden joists, 16"o.c.  | 6  |
| idth="2.5520833333333335in" |                                   | 1\ |
| height="1.40625in"}         | 2.  5/8" plywood sub floor nailed | (N |
|                             |     with 8d nails 6"o.c. along    | A) |
|                             |     edges, 10"o.c. in field.      |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  1 ½" thick lightweight        |    |
|                             |     concrete over 15 lb. asphalt  |    |
|                             |     felt.                         |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 4.  a.  20 oz. carpet on 40 oz.   |    |
|                             |         hair pad.                 |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             |     b.  1/16" thick               |    |
|                             |         vinyl-asbestos tile.      |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 5.  Resilient channels, 24"o.c.   |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 6.  5/8" type-X gypsum board      |    |
|                             |     screwed 12"o.c.               |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 7.  3 ½" thick sound attenuation  |    |
|                             |     blanket.                      |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+

A-20

FLOORS: Concrete

+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| Sketch                      | Brief Description                 | ST |
|                             |                                   | C\ |
|                             |                                   | (  |
|                             |                                   | II |
|                             |                                   | C) |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/ima               | 1.  4" thick concrete slab, 54    | 4  |
| ge102.png){width="2.5625in" |     psf.                          | 4\ |
| hei                         |                                   | (2 |
| ght="0.6666666666666666in"} |                                   | 5) |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image103.png){w   | 1.  6" thick concrete slab, 75    | 5  |
| idth="2.5729166666666665in" |     psf.                          | 5\ |
| hei                         |                                   | (3 |
| ght="0.8333333333333334in"} |                                   | 4) |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image104.png){w   | 1.  6" thick concrete slab.       | N  |
| idth="2.5520833333333335in" |                                   | A\ |
| hei                         | 2.  ½" wood-fiber board glued to  | (8 |
| ght="0.9166666666666666in"} |     concrete.                     | 1) |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  44 oz. carpet on 40 oz. hair  |    |
|                             |     pad.                          |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image105.png){w   | 1.  6" thick hollow-core concrete | 48 |
| idth="2.5520833333333335in" |     panel, 45 psf.                |    |
| hei                         |                                   | (  |
| ght="0.8645833333333334in"} | 2.  a.  Carpet and pad.           | a. |
|                             |                                   | 69 |
|                             |     b.  No floor covering.        | )\ |
|                             |                                   | (  |
|                             |                                   | b. |
|                             |                                   | 2  |
|                             |                                   | 3) |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/ima               | 1.  8" thick hollow-core concrete | 50 |
| ge106.png){width="2.5625in" |     panel, 57 psf.                |    |
| hei                         |                                   | (  |
| ght="1.0520833333333333in"} | 2.  a.  66 oz. carpet on 50 oz.   | a. |
|                             |         hair pad.                 | 74 |
|                             |                                   | )\ |
|                             |     b.  No floor covering.        | (  |
|                             |                                   | b. |
|                             |                                   | 2  |
|                             |                                   | 8) |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+

A-21

+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| Sketch                      | Brief Description                 | ST |
|                             |                                   | C\ |
|                             |                                   | (  |
|                             |                                   | II |
|                             |                                   | C) |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/ima               | 1.  8" thick hollow-core concrete | 5  |
| ge107.png){width="2.5625in" |     panels, 57 psf.               | 0\ |
| hei                         |                                   | (5 |
| ght="1.0104166666666667in"} | 2.  1/4" inorganic felt-supported | 1) |
|                             |     underlayment board, .6 psf.   |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
|                             | 3.  3/32" vinyl-asbestos tile.    |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/ima               | 1.  3" thick reinforced concrete  | 45 |
| ge108.png){width="2.5625in" |     slab, 35 psf, ceiling bare.   |    |
| height="0.78125in"}         |                                   | (  |
|                             | 2.  a.  Vinyl asbestos, 0.08"     | a. |
|                             |         thick.                    | 42 |
|                             |                                   | )\ |
|                             |     b.  Wood parquet 1/2" thick.  | (  |
|                             |                                   | b. |
|                             |     c.  Soft vinyl tile with foam | 45 |
|                             |         plastic backing.          | )\ |
|                             |                                   | (  |
|                             |     d.  Carpet over soft padding, | c. |
|                             |         at least ¼" thick.        | 49 |
|                             |                                   | )\ |
|                             |                                   | (  |
|                             |                                   | d. |
|                             |                                   | 7  |
|                             |                                   | 0) |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image109.png){w   | 1.  3" thick reinforced concrete  | 56 |
| idth="2.5729166666666665in" |     slab, 35 psf.                 |    |
| height="0.875in"}           |                                   | (  |
|                             | 2.  a.  Wood parquet ½" thick.    | a. |
|                             |                                   | 51 |
|                             |     b.  Soft vinyl tile with foam | )\ |
|                             |         plastic backing.          | (  |
|                             |                                   | b. |
|                             |     c.  Carpet over soft padding, | 55 |
|                             |         at least ¼" thick.        | )\ |
|                             |                                   | (  |
|                             | 3.  Resilient furring channels on | c. |
|                             |     ½" fiberglass blanket.        | 7  |
|                             |                                   | 0) |
|                             | 4.  ½" gypsum board.              |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+

A-22

+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| Sketch                      | Brief Description                 | ST |
|                             |                                   | C\ |
|                             |                                   | (  |
|                             |                                   | II |
|                             |                                   | C) |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image110.png){w   | 1.  5" thick reinforced concrete  | 51 |
| idth="2.5520833333333335in" |     slab, 55 psf. ceiling bare.   |    |
| hei                         |                                   | (  |
| ght="0.9895833333333334in"} | 2.  a.  Wood parquet ½" thick.    | a. |
|                             |                                   | 46 |
|                             |     b.  Soft vinyl tile with foam | )\ |
|                             |         plastic backing.          | (  |
|                             |                                   | b. |
|                             |     c.  Carpet over soft padding, | 50 |
|                             |         at least ¼" thick.        | )\ |
|                             |                                   | (  |
|                             |                                   | c. |
|                             |                                   | 7  |
|                             |                                   | 0) |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image111.png){w   | 1.  5" thick reinforced concrete  | 56 |
| idth="2.5520833333333335in" |     slab, 55 psf.                 |    |
| height="1.09375in"}         |                                   | (  |
|                             | 2.  a.  Wood parquet ½" thick.    | a. |
|                             |                                   | 5  |
|                             |     b.  Soft vinyl tile with foam | 1) |
|                             |         plastic backing           |    |
|                             |                                   | (  |
|                             |     c.  Carpet over soft padding, | b. |
|                             |         at least ¼" thick.        | 5  |
|                             |                                   | 5) |
|                             | 3.  Resilient furring channels on |    |
|                             |     ½" fiberglass blankets.       | (  |
|                             |                                   | c. |
|                             | 4.  ½" gypsum board.              | 7  |
|                             |                                   | 5) |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+

A-23

[]{#wind .anchor}WINDOWS

  ------------------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------- -----
  Sketch\                                                Brief Description                   STC
  Front / Cross Section                                                                      

  ![](media/image112.png){width="1.5833333333333333in"   30x48" aluminum clad casement, two  29
  height="0.9375in"}                                     1/8" panels of glass, 13/16" apart  
                                                         in a wood frame.                    

  ![](media/image113.png){width="1.5833333333333333in"   30x48" aluminum clad casement, one  31
  height="0.9583333333333334in"}                         3/32" panel and one 1/8" panel,     
                                                         13/16" apart in a wood frame.       

  ![](media/image114.png){width="2.25in"                 32x24x24" aluminum double-hung      29
  height="2.4791666666666665in"}                         windows (32" wide with 24" high     
                                                         upper sash and a 24" high lower     
                                                         sash), each sash has one 3/32"      
                                                         panel and one 1/8" panel, 13/16"    
                                                         apart in a wood frame.              

  ![](media/image115.png){width="1.90625in"              6x5\' picture window glazed double  29
  height="0.96875in"}                                    strength, single panel.             

  ![](media/image116.png){width="1.90625in"              6x5\' picture window plus storm     38
  height="0.9583333333333334in"}                         sash, glazed double strength single 
                                                         panel, 3 ¾" separation between      
                                                         panels.                             
  ------------------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------- -----

A-24

  ------------------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------- -----
  Sketch\                                                Brief Description                   STC
  Front / Cross Section                                                                      

  ![](media/image117.png){width="2.5833333333333335in"   3x5\' double hung window, 7/16"     26
  height="2.4895833333333335in"}                         glazed insulating glass, single     
                                                         panel.                              

  ![](media/image118.png){width="2.5833333333333335in"   3x5\' double hung window, 7/16"     35
  height="2.46875in"}                                    glazed insulating glass, single     
                                                         panel plus storm sash, glazed       
                                                         single strength, single sealed      
                                                         separation between panels: upper 1  
                                                         ½", lower 2 13/16".                 

  ![](media/image119.png){width="2.03125in"              3x4\' awning window, glazed double  24
  height="1.8645833333333333in"}                         strength, cranked shut.             
  ------------------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------- -----

A-25

  ------------------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------- -----
  Sketch\                                                Brief Description                   STC
  Front / Cross Section                                                                      

  ![](media/image120.png){width="2.1145833333333335in"   3x4\' jalousie window, glazed ¼"    20
  height="2.59375in"}                                    glass, 4 ½" wide louvers with ½" in 
                                                         overlap, cranked tight shut.        
  ------------------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------- -----

A-26

[]{#door .anchor}**DOORS: Exterior**

  ------------------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------- -----
  Sketch\                                                Brief Description                   STC
  Front / Cross Section                                                                      

  ![](media/image121.png){width="1.6875in"               3x7\' hollow-core wood door, 1 ¾"   20
  height="1.2291666666666667in"}                         thick.                              

  ![](media/image122.png){width="1.6979166666666667in"   3x7\' hollow-core door, 1 3/4"      19
  height="1.2291666666666667in"}                         thick, 30% of area glazed with 1/8" 
                                                         glass.                              

  ![](media/image123.png){width="1.6875in"               3x7\' solid-core wood door, 1 ¾"    27
  height="1.21875in"}                                    thick.                              

  ![](media/image124.png){width="1.6770833333333333in"   3x7\' steel-faced door, 1 ¾" thick, 26
  height="1.2291666666666667in"}                         rigid polyurethane core.            

  ![](media/image125.png){width="2.3333333333333335in"   3x7\' solid-core wood door, 1 ¾"    34
  height="1.25in"}                                       thick plus an aluminum storm door,  
                                                         glazed single strength.             
  ------------------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------- -----

A-27

+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| Sketch\                     | Brief Description                 | S  |
| Front / Cross Section       |                                   | TC |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/image126.png){w   | 3x7\' wood French door, 12 lights | 26 |
| idth="1.6979166666666667in" | glazed single strength, mounted   |    |
| height="1.1875in"}          | in frame, brass weather strip.    |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/imag              | 6x6\' sliding glass doors, ¾"     | 28 |
| e127.png){width="1.59375in" | insulating glass (2 pieces 1/8"   |    |
| hei                         | tempered glass), one door opens,  |    |
| ght="1.6354166666666667in"} | other is permanent in place.      |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+
| ![](media/ima               |                                   |    |
| ge128.png){width="4.3125in" |                                   |    |
| height="2.3125in"}          |                                   |    |
|                             |                                   |    |
| \*All exterior doors are    |                                   |    |
| sealed with a weathering    |                                   |    |
| strip around the frame.     |                                   |    |
| Interior doors do not have  |                                   |    |
| a weather strip and are not |                                   |    |
| flush to the floor to       |                                   |    |
| permit the installation of  |                                   |    |
| a carpet.                   |                                   |    |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+----+

A-28

**DOORS: Interior**

  ------------------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------- -----
  Sketch\                                                Brief Description                   STC
  Front / Cross Section                                                                      

  ![](media/image129.png){width="1.6979166666666667in"   3x7\' solid-core wood door, 1 ¾"    17
  height="1.21875in"}                                    thick, weight 1.5 lb/ft.           

  ![](media/image130.png){width="1.6875in"               3x7\' solid-core wood door, 1 ¾"    20
  height="1.1979166666666667in"}                         thick, weight 4.0 lb/ft.           

  ![](media/image131.png){width="1.6770833333333333in"   3x7\' hollow-core steel door, 1 ¾"  17
  height="1.21875in"}                                    thick, weight 5.0 lb/ft.           
  ------------------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------- -----

A-29

###### Appendix B References

**Appendix B**

[]{#ref-1 .anchor}**General References**

Books:

Acoustical and Thermal Performance of Exterior Residential Walls. Doors
and Windows; NBS

Building Science Series 77, U.S. Department of Commerce/National Bureau
of Standards, 1975.

Acoustics Noise and Buildings; Parkin, Humphreys and Cowell; Faber and
Faber; London; 1979.

Airborne Sound Transmission Loss, Characteristics of Wood Frame
Construction; Fred F. Rudder, Jr.; USDA, Forest Service; General
Technical Report FPL-43.

Handbook of Architectural Acoustics and Noise Control; Michael Retting;
Tab Book; Blue Ridge Summit, Pa.; 1979.

Quieting: A Practical Guide to Noise Controls; U.S. Department of
Commerce/National Bureau of Standards; NBS Handbook 119; 1976.

Institutions and Organizations:

Amerada Architectural Glass.

DeSco Windows.

Georgia-Pacific.

Industrial Acoustics Company.

National Concrete Masonry Association.

Office of Noise Control; California Department of Health Services.

Overly Manufacturing Company.

Paella Products.

Portland Cement Association.

U.S. Gypsum Company.

Testing Laboratories:

Cedar Knolls Acoustical Laboratories.

Geiger and Hamme.

Kaiser Gypsum.

Kodaras Acoustical.

National Institute of Standards and Technology.

National Research Council of Canada.

Riberbank Acoustical Laboratories.

B-1