Portland Cement Multi-Pollutant Sector Strategy

Instructions for Submitting Data Corrections to

Estimated Dioxin Emissions Inventory

# Introduction

The 2004 National Academy of Sciences' (NAS) report recommended that EPA
begin conducting integrated assessments that consider multiple
pollutants (ozone and PM2.5 precursors, hazardous air pollutants, and
other chemicals that may be of concern) and multiple effects (health,
ecosystem, visibility) to set standards and develop planning and control
strategies. In response to this recommendation, EPA's Office of Air
Quality Planning and Standards (OAQPS) identified the Portland Cement
sector as candidate industry for its multi-pollutant sector-based
strategy because of its potential for multi-pollutant emissions
reductions, regulatory and compliance complexities, and related timing.
The Portland Cement sector strategy is separate from the risk assessment
effort required by section 112(f) of the Clean Air Act.

In an effort to facilitate the sector approach, EPA seeks additional
comments on dioxin emissions and other model input data that we will be
using to develop a multi-pollutant, multi-effect strategy for the
Portland Cement sector. Input data specific to dioxin emissions
includes:

-   Dioxin emissions reported in the Toxics Release Inventory between
    2002 and 2006,

-   Kiln types and clinker capacity as identified by the Portland Cement
    Association (PCA),

-   Model input data as reported in the 2002 National Emissions
    Inventory (NEI), updated with data collected by OAQPS, and

-   Estimated dioxin emissions generated by OAQPS.

For the purposes of the multipollutant, multi-effect risk assessments,
dioxin emissions will be estimated for each kiln at each facility based
on clinker capacity in tons per year.

The Microsoft Excel file[^1] available on EPA's website at
[http://www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/rrisk/](http://www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/rrisk)
will enable you to review and suggest revisions to dioxin emissions and
other descriptive information associated with all facilities classified
under standard industrial classification (SIC) codes 3241 (Portland
Cement Manufacturing Plants). Instructions for using this file to review
the data, revise the data, and submit revisions to EPA are outlined
below along with a brief summary of how the dioxin emission estimates
were generated. These instructions will answer the following questions:

[What is contained in this Dioxin Emissions Inventory?
2](#what-is-contained-in-the-estimated-dioxin-emissions-inventory)

[How do I view and revise the existing dioxin inventory?
2](#how-do-i-view-and-revise-the-existing-dioxin-inventory)

[How were dioxin emissions estimated?
5](#how-were-dioxin-emissions-estimated)

[How do I submit new dioxin emissions data?
5](#how-do-i-submit-new-dioxin-emissions-data)

[How do I add a new kiln or facility?
7](#how-do-i-add-a-new-kiln-or-facility)

[How do I submit my revisions? 7](#how-do-i-submit-my-revisions)

# What is contained in the Estimated Dioxin Emissions Inventory?

The Microsoft Excel file labeled "Portland Cement Estimated Dioxin
Emissions" contains a "Main" page containing links to 3 worksheets:

1.  Existing Dioxin Inventory

2.  Reported Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) Dioxin Emissions

3.  Submit New Dioxin Emissions

Go to the "Existing Dioxin Inventory" sheet by clicking on the link on
the "Main" page or by clicking directly on the "Existing Dioxin
Inventory" worksheet tab. This worksheet should be used to revise
selected data. Revisions should be made directly to the worksheet in the
provided revision columns. If you are providing new dioxin emissions
data, please use the worksheet labeled "Submit New Dioxin Emissions."
After making corrections to this file, please review your corrections
and submit them to EPA as outlined on pages 7 and 8 of these
instructions.

# How do I view and revise the existing dioxin inventory?

Data is listed on the "Existing Dioxin Inventory" worksheet, for all
kilns at all Portland Cement facilities. The columns can be arranged in
ascending or descending order or the data can be filtered using the
arrows and filters in row 1 of the worksheet to view your facility,
state or county. We recommend that you sort the data according to your
facility name to make it easier to revise. The table below describes
each data field contained in the worksheet and indicates which fields
include a revision column. If a field does not have a revision column,
comments can be added in the "Commenter General Comments" column.

+-----------------------------+---------------------------------+------+
| **Table 1. Dioxin Inventory |                                 |      |
| Data Elements**             |                                 |      |
+=============================+=================================+======+
| **Data Element**            | **Definition**                  | **   |
|                             |                                 | Revi |
|                             |                                 | sion |
|                             |                                 | Colu |
|                             |                                 | mn** |
+-----------------------------+---------------------------------+------+
| NEI ID                      | Unique identifier assigned by   | No   |
|                             | EPA to NEI Facility             |      |
+-----------------------------+---------------------------------+------+
| TRI ID                      | Unique identifier used by       | No   |
|                             | facility to submit emissions    |      |
|                             | data to the Toxics Release      |      |
|                             | Inventory.                      |      |
|                             |                                 |      |
|                             | This facility ID corresponds to |      |
|                             | the data in the average TRI     |      |
|                             | dioxin emissions value for the  |      |
|                             | facility.                       |      |
+-----------------------------+---------------------------------+------+
| Facility Name               | Name of the facility.           | No   |
+-----------------------------+---------------------------------+------+
| City                        | City where facility is located. | No   |
+-----------------------------+---------------------------------+------+
| County Name                 | County where facility is        | No   |
|                             | located.                        |      |
+-----------------------------+---------------------------------+------+
| State                       | State where facility is         | No   |
|                             | located.                        |      |
+-----------------------------+---------------------------------+------+
| Kiln ID                     | Unique identifier assigned by   | No   |
|                             | EPA to each kiln at a facility. |      |
+-----------------------------+---------------------------------+------+
| Year                        | Year kiln began operating.      | No   |
+-----------------------------+---------------------------------+------+
| Kiln Type                   | Type of kiln:                   | Yes  |
|                             |                                 |      |
|                             | -   Wet,                        |      |
|                             |                                 |      |
|                             | -   Dry,                        |      |
|                             |                                 |      |
|                             | -   Dry with preheater, or      |      |
|                             |                                 |      |
|                             | -   Dry with preheater and      |      |
|                             |     precalciner.                |      |
|                             |                                 |      |
|                             | Estimated dioxin emissions      |      |
|                             | depend on the kiln type and the |      |
|                             | clinker capacity of each kiln.  |      |
|                             |                                 |      |
|                             | To revise the kiln type, click  |      |
|                             | in the appropriate cell in the  |      |
|                             | "Revised Kiln Type" column.     |      |
|                             | Then, select the correct kiln   |      |
|                             | type from the dropdown menu.    |      |
+-----------------------------+---------------------------------+------+
| NEI Emission Release Point  | State/local/tribal ID for       | Yes  |
| ID                          | point/location where emissions  |      |
|                             | are released to ambient air.    |      |
|                             | The latitude, longitude, and    |      |
|                             | stack parameters of this        |      |
|                             | Emission Release Point will be  |      |
|                             | used to model risks for         |      |
|                             | dioxins. These values and the   |      |
|                             | Emission Release Point ID       |      |
|                             | number come from the NEI.       |      |
|                             |                                 |      |
|                             | In this worksheet you can only  |      |
|                             | change the Emission Release     |      |
|                             | Point ID by entering a          |      |
|                             | different NEI Emission Release  |      |
|                             | Point ID that is also for your  |      |
|                             | facility. If you need to make   |      |
|                             | changes to the latitude,        |      |
|                             | longitude, or other stack       |      |
|                             | parameters of an Emission       |      |
|                             | Release Point, you must do this |      |
|                             | in the NEI Access database.     |      |
+-----------------------------+---------------------------------+------+
| Kiln Clinker Capacity       | This value is shown in short    | Yes  |
| (short tons/yr)             | tons per year for each kiln at  |      |
|                             | each facility. This value and   |      |
|                             | the kiln type are used to       |      |
|                             | estimate dioxin emissions for   |      |
|                             | each kiln at every facility.    |      |
|                             |                                 |      |
|                             | You can enter an updated        |      |
|                             | clinker capacity for any of     |      |
|                             | your kilns.                     |      |
+-----------------------------+---------------------------------+------+
| Control Status              | The default control status for  | Yes  |
|                             | all facilities is "Unknown."    |      |
|                             | You may revise this if your     |      |
|                             | facility has a control in place |      |
|                             | to reduce dioxin emissions.     |      |
|                             |                                 |      |
|                             | In the dropdown menu, you can   |      |
|                             | select from:                    |      |
|                             |                                 |      |
|                             | -   Temperature control,        |      |
|                             |                                 |      |
|                             | -   Carbon injection,           |      |
|                             |                                 |      |
|                             | -   Wet scrubber, or            |      |
|                             |                                 |      |
|                             | -   Other (Please Specify).     |      |
|                             |                                 |      |
|                             | If you select Other, you should |      |
|                             | type in the kind of control     |      |
|                             | that you use at your facility.  |      |
|                             | Enter this information in       |      |
|                             | column Y, "Commenter General    |      |
|                             | Comment."                       |      |
+-----------------------------+---------------------------------+------+
| Estimated Dioxin Toxin      | This is the estimated dioxin    | No   |
| Equivalent (TEQ) Emissions  | emissions calculated based on   |      |
|                             | the kiln type, clinker          |      |
| (Mean Emissions Factor)     | capacity, and mean emissions    |      |
|                             | factor. We explain how this was |      |
| (grams/year)                | calculated in the section       |      |
|                             | below.                          |      |
+-----------------------------+---------------------------------+------+
| Estimated Dioxin TEQ        | This is the estimated dioxin    | No   |
| Emissions                   | emissions calculated based on   |      |
|                             | the kiln type, clinker          |      |
| (95^th^ UCL Emissions       | capacity, and 95^th^ percentile |      |
| Factor)                     | upper confidence limit          |      |
|                             | emissions factor. We explain    |      |
| (grams/year)                | how this was calculated in the  |      |
|                             | section below.                  |      |
+-----------------------------+---------------------------------+------+
| Average TRI Reported Dioxin | This value is the annual        | Yes  |
| TEQ for 2002-2006           | average dioxin TEQ as reported  |      |
| (grams/year)                | in TRI for the facility. We     |      |
|                             | explain how this number was     |      |
|                             | calculated in the next section. |      |
|                             |                                 |      |
|                             | You can submit a revised value  |      |
|                             | for this number on the sheet    |      |
|                             | Update Dioxin Emissions Data.   |      |
|                             | We explain how to do this in    |      |
|                             | the next section also.          |      |
+-----------------------------+---------------------------------+------+
| Commenter Name              | Name of person providing        | Requ |
|                             | comments                        | ired |
+-----------------------------+---------------------------------+------+
| Commenter Organization      | Commenter\'s affiliation -      | Requ |
|                             | state/local/agency, trade       | ired |
|                             | association, company, etc.      |      |
+-----------------------------+---------------------------------+------+
| Commenter Email Address     | Email address for person        | Requ |
|                             | providing comments              | ired |
+-----------------------------+---------------------------------+------+
| Commenter Phone Number      | Phone number for person         | Requ |
|                             | providing comments              | ired |
+-----------------------------+---------------------------------+------+
| Commenter General Comments  | A general descriptive comment   | Yes  |
|                             | on the revision.                |      |
|                             |                                 |      |
|                             | In this column, you should also |      |
|                             | indicate the type of dioxin     |      |
|                             | control in place if it is not   |      |
|                             | in the list in the column       |      |
|                             | "Revised Control Type."         |      |
+-----------------------------+---------------------------------+------+

Existing dioxin emissions data as reported in the Toxics Release
Inventory for each facility can be found on the "Reported TRI Dioxin
Emissions" worksheet. For each facility, Total Dioxin Mass and the
Congener profile for years 2002-2006 are reported, if they were
available from TRI. It is recommended that the user should filter the
spreadsheet to view only one facility at a time, using the auto-filter
feature for the NEI ID, TRI ID, or Facility Name. This worksheet cannot
be updated, and should therefore be used as reference to determine if
changes should be made.

# How were dioxin emissions estimated?

An average reported TEQ for each facility was calculated from the Dioxin
Mass and Congener profiles for years in which the facility reported
these values in the TRI database. Total dioxin mass was converted to
dioxin toxic equivalents based on WHO 1998 toxic equivalence factors
(TEF) and the reported total mass and congener profile of a emissions.
If the congener profile is unknown for a given year, it was estimated
based on an average for the year from all sites which provided data. TEQ
values for a kiln were averaged for all years which were reported to
obtain the average TEQ for a kiln.

Mean and 95% Upper Confidence Limit (UCL) emission factors were
calculated based on available TRI data for dioxin emissions 2002-2006.
Dioxin TEQ per clinker capacity were calculated for each kiln. Kilns
were sorted by kiln type, and the mean and 95% UCL TEQ per clinker
capacity were calculated. The estimated mean and 95^th^ TEQ for a
facility is reported by summing the estimated TEQ values for each kiln.
Mean and 95% UCL dioxin emission factors are shown in the table below:

+-------------------------+---------------------+----------------------+
| **Table 2. Dioxin       |                     |                      |
| Emission Factors**      |                     |                      |
+-------------------------+---------------------+----------------------+
| **Kiln Type**           | **Mean**            | **95% Upper          |
|                         |                     | Confidence Limit     |
|                         | **Emissions Factor\ | Emissions Factor**   |
|                         | (ng/kg clinker      |                      |
|                         | capacity)**         | **(ng/kg clinker     |
|                         |                     | capacity)**          |
+-------------------------+---------------------+----------------------+
| Dry                     | 0.132               | 0.238                |
+-------------------------+---------------------+----------------------+
| Dry with preheater      | 0.126               | 0.233                |
+-------------------------+---------------------+----------------------+
| Dry with preheater and  | 0.082               | 0.116                |
| precalciner             |                     |                      |
+-------------------------+---------------------+----------------------+
| Wet                     | 1.167               | 3.468                |
+-------------------------+---------------------+----------------------+

Further information about the calculation of dioxin emission factors can
be found in the "Portland Cement Dioxin Emission Factors Calculations"
Excel file posted to this webpage
([http://www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/rrisk/](http://www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/rrisk)
). In addition, we have posted a dioxin Mass to TEQ Calculator that will
allow you to estimate dioxin TEQ emissions given the mass of dioxin
emitted and, optionally, the congener profile.

# How do I submit new dioxin emissions data?

Dioxin Emissions data can be updated on the "Submit New Dioxin
Emissions" worksheet in the Excel Spreadsheet. The user can add as many
rows as need. Separate rows should be added for multiple kilns, or for
multiple reporting years. If the kiln ID is unknown, enter "unknown #"
in the kiln ID, where \# is a unique integer for each kiln. The table
below describes each data field and indicates which fields can be
revised.

+------------------------------+-------------------------------+------+
| Table 3. Required Data       |                               |      |
| Elements to Submit New       |                               |      |
| Dioxin Emissions Data        |                               |      |
+==============================+===============================+======+
| **Data Element**             | **Definition**                | **   |
|                              |                               | Revi |
|                              |                               | se** |
+------------------------------+-------------------------------+------+
| NEI ID                       | Unique identifier assigned by | No   |
|                              | EPA to NEI Facility.          |      |
|                              |                               |      |
|                              | To enter on the "Submit New   |      |
|                              | Dioxin Emissions" worksheet,  |      |
|                              | copy the corresponding NEI ID |      |
|                              | from the "Existing Dioxin     |      |
|                              | Inventory" worksheet.         |      |
+------------------------------+-------------------------------+------+
| TRI ID                       | Unique identifier used by     | No   |
|                              | facility to submit emissions  |      |
|                              | data to the Toxics Release    |      |
|                              | Inventory.                    |      |
|                              |                               |      |
|                              | This facility ID corresponds  |      |
|                              | to the data in the average    |      |
|                              | TRI dioxin emissions value    |      |
|                              | for the facility.             |      |
|                              |                               |      |
|                              | To enter on the "Submit New   |      |
|                              | Dioxin Emissions" worksheet,  |      |
|                              | copy the corresponding TRI ID |      |
|                              | from the "Existing Dioxin     |      |
|                              | Inventory" worksheet.         |      |
+------------------------------+-------------------------------+------+
| Kiln ID                      | Unique identifier assigned by | No   |
|                              | EPA to each kiln at a         |      |
|                              | facility.                     |      |
|                              |                               |      |
|                              | To enter on the "Submit New   |      |
|                              | Dioxin Emissions" worksheet,  |      |
|                              | copy the corresponding NEI ID |      |
|                              | from the "Existing Dioxin     |      |
|                              | Inventory" worksheet. If      |      |
|                              | unknown, enter "Unknown #"    |      |
|                              | where \# is a unique integer  |      |
|                              | for each kiln.                |      |
+------------------------------+-------------------------------+------+
| Reporting Year               | Year the stack test was       | Yes  |
|                              | performed.                    |      |
+------------------------------+-------------------------------+------+
| Clinker Production (short    | Clinker production at time of | Yes  |
| tons/year)                   | stack test, in short tons per |      |
|                              | year.                         |      |
+------------------------------+-------------------------------+------+
| Total REVISED Dioxin         | Total dioxin mass in grams    | Yes  |
| Emissions (grams/year)       | per year, the sum of mass for |      |
|                              | all seventeen dioxin          |      |
|                              | congeners                     |      |
+------------------------------+-------------------------------+------+
| Congener 1 (% Total)         | Percent of total dioxin mass  | Yes  |
|                              | of Congener #1                |      |
|                              | -1,2,3,4,                     |      |
|                              | 6,7,8-Heptachlorodibenzofuran |      |
+------------------------------+-------------------------------+------+
| Congener 2 (% Total)         | Percent of total dioxin mass  | Yes  |
|                              | of Congener #2                |      |
|                              | -1,2,3,4,                     |      |
|                              | 7,8,9-Heptachlorodibenzofuran |      |
+------------------------------+-------------------------------+------+
| Congener 3 (% Total)         | Percent of total dioxin mass  | Yes  |
|                              | of Congener #3                |      |
|                              | -1,2,3                        |      |
|                              | ,4,7,8-Hexachlorod-benzofuran |      |
+------------------------------+-------------------------------+------+
| Congener 4 (% Total)         | Percent of total dioxin mass  | Yes  |
|                              | of Congener #4 -              |      |
|                              |                               |      |
|                              | 1,2,3                         |      |
|                              | ,6,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzofuran |      |
+------------------------------+-------------------------------+------+
| Congener 5 (% Total)         | Percent of total dioxin mass  | Yes  |
|                              | of Congener #5 -              |      |
|                              |                               |      |
|                              | 1,2,3                         |      |
|                              | ,7,8,9-Hexachlorodibenzofuran |      |
+------------------------------+-------------------------------+------+
| Congener 6 (% Total)         | Percent of total dioxin mass  | Yes  |
|                              | of Congener #6 -              |      |
|                              |                               |      |
|                              | 2,3,4                         |      |
|                              | ,6,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzofuran |      |
+------------------------------+-------------------------------+------+
| Congener 7 (% Total)         | Percent of total dioxin mass  | Yes  |
|                              | of Congener #7                |      |
|                              | -1,2,3,4,7                    |      |
|                              | ,8-Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin |      |
+------------------------------+-------------------------------+------+
| Congener 8 (% Total)         | Percent of total dioxin mass  | Yes  |
|                              | of Congener #8                |      |
|                              | -1,2,3,6,7                    |      |
|                              | ,8-Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin |      |
+------------------------------+-------------------------------+------+
| Congener 9 (% Total)         | Percent of total dioxin mass  | Yes  |
|                              | of Congener #9                |      |
|                              | -1,2,3,7,8                    |      |
|                              | ,9-Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin |      |
+------------------------------+-------------------------------+------+
| Congener 10 (% Total)        | Percent of total dioxin mass  | Yes  |
|                              | of Congener #10               |      |
|                              | -1,2,3,4,6,7,                 |      |
|                              | 8-Heptachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin |      |
+------------------------------+-------------------------------+------+
| Congener 11 (% Total)        | Percent of total dioxin mass  | Yes  |
|                              | of Congener #11               |      |
|                              | -1,2,3,4,6                    |      |
|                              | ,7,8,9-Octachlorodibenzofuran |      |
+------------------------------+-------------------------------+------+
| Congener 12 (% Total)        | Percent of total dioxin mass  | Yes  |
|                              | of Congener #12               |      |
|                              | -1,2,3,4,6,7,8                |      |
|                              | ,9-Octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin |      |
+------------------------------+-------------------------------+------+
| Congener 13 (% Total)        | Percent of total dioxin mass  | Yes  |
|                              | of Congener #13               |      |
|                              | -1,2,                         |      |
|                              | 3,7,8-Pentachlorodibenzofuran |      |
+------------------------------+-------------------------------+------+
| Congener 14 (% Total)        | Percent of total dioxin mass  | Yes  |
|                              | of Congener #14               |      |
|                              | -2,3,                         |      |
|                              | 4,7,8-Pentachlorodibenzofuran |      |
+------------------------------+-------------------------------+------+
| Congener 15 (% Total)        | Percent of total dioxin mass  | Yes  |
|                              | of Congener #15               |      |
|                              | -1,2,3,7,                     |      |
|                              | 8-Pentachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin |      |
+------------------------------+-------------------------------+------+
| Congener 16 (% Total)        | Percent of total dioxin mass  | Yes  |
|                              | of Congener #16               |      |
|                              | -2,                           |      |
|                              | 3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzofuran |      |
+------------------------------+-------------------------------+------+
| Congener 17 (% Total)        | Percent of total dioxin mass  | Yes  |
|                              | of Congener #17               |      |
|                              | -2,3,7,                       |      |
|                              | 8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin |      |
+------------------------------+-------------------------------+------+

# How do I add a new kiln or facility?

To add a new kiln or facility, add a new row to the "Existing Dioxin
Inventory" sheet. Enter NEI ID and TRI ID for your facility, along with
address information. If site or kiln IDs are unknown, type "unknown #"
in the corresponding cells, where \# is a unique integer for each
site/kiln. Then, fill in site or kiln specific information for all other
cells.

# How do I submit my revisions?

You should carefully review all revisions before submitting them. Upon
completion of all additions and corrections, you need to submit your
corrections to EPA's Docket. First, create a new file containing just
the changes. The file will be assigned a name using the following
convention: **XXXX_Revisions_LastName.xls,** where XXXX = 4-6 digit MACT
code and LastName = reviewer's last name. In addition to submitting the
spreadsheet file to the docket, if you corrected or added emissions
values, you should prepare supporting documentation. This can include
source test reports, permit information and/or computational information
such as emission factors and activity data (throughput). **The
spreadsheet and supporting documentation must be submitted manually to
one of the addresses listed in the next paragraph.**

Submit your revision database, identified by Docket ID No.OAR-2006-0859,
by one of the following methods:

-   Federal eRulemaking Portal: http://www.regulations.gov. Follow the
    on‑line instructions for submitting comments. (Click on the
    hyperlink on the "Submit Revisions" form to open this site.)

-   E‑mail: Send electronic mail to EPA Docket Center at
    [a‑and‑r‑docket@epamail.epa.gov](mailto:a%1Eand%1Er%1Edocket@epamail.epa.gov).

-   Mail: Air and Radiation Docket (6102T), Docket No.
    EPA‑HQ‑OAR‑2006‑0859, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1200
    Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20460. Please include a
    total of two copies.

[^1]: If you have trouble opening or operating this file, please contact
    Jim Hirtz at Hirtz.James@epa.gov.