Tropical Cyclone Report

Hurricane Ike

(AL092008)

1 - 14 September 2008

Robbie Berg

National Hurricane Center

23 January 2009

Updated 4 February 2009 for adjustment of best track over Cuba,
additional surface observations, an updated rainfall graphic, additional
storm surge inundation maps,\
revised U.S. damage estimate, and updated missing persons count

Ike was a long-lived Cape Verde hurricane that caused extensive damage
and many deaths across portions of the Caribbean and along the coasts of
Texas and Louisiana. It reached its peak intensity as a Category 4
hurricane (on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale) over the open waters
of the central Atlantic, directly impacting the Turks and Caicos Islands
and Great Inagua Island in the southeastern Bahamas before affecting
much of the island of Cuba. Ike, with its associated storm surge, then
caused extensive damage across parts of the northwestern Gulf Coast when
it made landfall along the upper Texas coast at the upper end of
Category 2 intensity.

a.  **Synoptic History**

Ike originated from a well-defined tropical wave that moved off the west
coast of Africa on 28 August. An area of low pressure developed along
the wave axis early the next day and produced intermittent bursts of
thunderstorm activity as it moved south of the Cape Verde Islands on 29
and 30 August. The low was unable to maintain organized deep convection
for several days, but it is estimated that the system gained sufficient
convective organization to be designated as a tropical depression by
0600 UTC 1 September, about 675 n mi west of the Cape Verde Islands and
1400 n mi east of the Leeward Islands. The "best track" chart of Ike's
path is given in Figure 1, with the wind and pressure histories shown in
Figures 2 and 3, respectively. The best track positions and intensities
are listed in Table 1[^1]. The depression quickly strengthened to a
tropical storm by 1200 UTC that day and then gradually intensified over
the next two days as it moved west-northwestward over the tropical
Atlantic, steered by a strong subtropical ridge to the north. During
this period, Ike was surrounded by dry air and was unable to develop
organized inner core convection, which possibly contributed to the slow
rate of strengthening during the early part of the storm's existence.

Visible and microwave satellite imagery indicates that strong convective
banding had begun to wrap around the center of Ike by 1200 UTC 3
September. An eye became apparent by 1800 UTC, and Ike became a
hurricane at that time when it was centered about 600 n mi
east-northeast of the northern Leeward Islands. Around this time, a
deep-layer low pressure area over the northwestern Atlantic weakened the
subtropical ridge and allowed Ike to move on a west-northwestward track.
Northerly upper-level winds on the west side of the low were strong
enough to somewhat restrict the outflow on the north side of the
hurricane although environmental conditions were otherwise favorable for
intensification. Based on Dvorak satellite estimates, Ike is estimated
to have strengthened from an intensity of 55 kt at 0600 UTC 3 September
to its peak intensity of 125 kt (Category 4) at 0600 UTC 4 September---a
70-kt increase over a 24 h period. The 30-knot increase of winds between
1800 UTC 3 September and 0000 UTC 4 September ties Ike with four other
Atlantic tropical cyclones for the fifth-fastest intensification rate
over a 6-hour period. It should be stressed, however, that these wind
estimates are based only on satellite observations since the hurricane
was still out of range for sampling by aircraft reconnaissance.

After Ike reached its peak intensity, an upper-level high located
northwest of the hurricane over the western Atlantic began to strengthen
and contributed to 25-30 kt of northerly wind shear, causing the cloud
pattern to become asymmetric. Weakening occurred over the next couple of
days as the upper-level high continued to produce northeasterly shear
over the storm, and Ike briefly fell below major hurricane status, with
maximum sustained winds of 95 kt, at 1200 UTC 6 September. Microwave
imagery at the time showed that much of the deep convection over the
northern semicircle was severely eroded, including the northern eyewall,
but a small eye remained present. Figure 4 shows a comparison of
microwave images when Ike reached its peak intensity and after the shear
had eroded the convection in the northern eyewall.

Building mid-level high pressure over the western Atlantic caused the
hurricane to turn to the west late on 4 September. The high was strong
enough to induce an unclimatological west-southwesterly motion by 0000
UTC 6 September. In fact, Ike is only the fifth tropical cyclone to
reach a similar position in the Atlantic (near 24°N 60°W) and later move
into the Gulf of Mexico, the last being Hurricane Andrew (1992). Ike
went farther south and west than any of these storms, ultimately making
landfall in Cuba and Texas.

Northeasterly shear relaxed over Ike early on 6 September while the
hurricane was moving west-southwestward towards the Turks and Caicos
Islands. The storm responded with deep convection redeveloping over the
northern semicircle and quickly returned to Category 4 status by 1800
UTC 6 September. Although the center of Ike passed just south of the
islands around 0600 UTC 7 September, the northern eyewall passed
directly over Grand Turk, Salt Cay, South Caicos, and a few other
smaller cays. Ike then weakened slightly to Category 3 status, with
maximum sustained winds of 110 kt, before making landfall on Great
Inagua Island in the southeastern Bahamas around 1300 UTC 7 September.

Ike weakened a little more after passing over Great Inagua, but this
trend was short-lived. By the afternoon of 7 September, Ike once again
re-strengthened to Category 4 status with winds of 115 kt by 0000 UTC 8
September. Ike made landfall at that intensity about two hours later
near Cabo Lucrecia, Cuba, in the state of Holguín and near the city of
Banes. The center of the hurricane traversed the states of Holguín, Las
Tunas, and Camagüey during the early morning hours of 8 September, and
Ike gradually lost strength, emerging over the waters of the
northwestern Caribbean Sea around 1500 UTC with maximum sustained winds
of 75 kt. Over the next day or so, Ike moved westward and maintained an
intensity of 70 kt as its center hugged the southern coast of Cuba, at
some points no more than 5-10 n mi offshore. Ike made a second landfall
in Cuba around 1400 UTC 9 September near Punta La Capitana in the state
of Pinar del Rio, not far from the city of San Cristóbal, then emerged
over the Gulf of Mexico around 2030 UTC.

Ike's interaction with Cuba caused much of the hurricane's inner core to
become disrupted, and the wind field expanded as the hurricane moved
into the Gulf of Mexico. The storm moved slowly northwestward on 10
September over the southeastern Gulf, and an eyewall replacement began
with outer banding beginning to enclose the small eyewall that had
survived the crossing of Cuba. This likely prevented rapid
intensification, and Ike's winds only strengthened to 85 kt by 1800 UTC
10 September. In addition, the extent of tropical storm and hurricane
force winds increased, reaching as far as 240 n mi and 100 n mi,
respectively, from the center.

The subtropical ridge re-strengthened by late on 10 September and caused
Ike to turn back to the west-northwest. The outer wind maximum started
to contract and become the more dominant feature, and the inner wind
maximum dissipated by 1800 UTC 11 September. Through the next day on 12
September, Ike continued to lack inner core convection and maintained
its large wind field, making it difficult for the system to intensify
quickly.

Ike reached the western periphery of the subtropical ridge and turned to
the northwest towards the upper Texas coast late on 12 September.
Microwave images and aircraft reconnaissance reports indicate that a 40
n mi diameter eye formed during the hours before landfall, and maximum
winds increased to 95 kt. Ike turned to the north-northwest, and its
center made landfall along the north end of Galveston Island, Texas, at
0700 UTC 13 September. The hurricane's center continued up through
Galveston Bay, just east of Houston, then northward across eastern
Texas. Ike weakened to a tropical storm by 1800 UTC 13 September just
east of Palestine, Texas, and then became extratropical when it
interacted with a front around 1200 UTC 14 September while moving
northeastward through northern Arkansas and southern Missouri. The
vigorous extratropical low moved quickly northeastward, producing
hurricane-force wind gusts across the Ohio Valley on the afternoon of
the 14 September. Thereafter, the low weakened and moved across southern
Ontario and southern Québec and was absorbed by another area of low
pressure near the St. Lawrence River by 1800 UTC 15 September.

b.  **Meteorological Statistics**

    Data sources for Ike (Figures 2 and 3) include satellites, aircraft,
    airborne and ground-based radars, conventional land-based surface
    and upper-air observing sites, Coastal Marine Automated Network
    (CMAN) stations, National Ocean Service (NOS) stations, ocean buoys,
    and ships. Ship reports of winds of tropical storm force or greater
    associated with Ike are given in Table 2, and selected surface
    observations from land stations and data buoys are given in Table 3.

    Observations include satellite-based Dvorak technique intensity
    estimates from the Tropical Analysis and Forecast Branch (TAFB) and
    the Satellite Analysis Branch (SAB). Microwave data and imagery from
    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Defense
    Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP), and National Aeronautics
    and Space Administration (NASA), including the Tropical Rainfall
    Measuring Mission (TRMM), QuikSCAT, Aqua, and the U. S. Navy's
    WindSat, were useful in tracking Ike.

    Aircraft observations include flight-level, SFMR, and dropwindsonde
    observations, as well as 64 center fixes, from 16 operational
    missions into Ike by the 53^rd^ Weather Reconnaissance Squadron of
    the U. S. Air Force Reserve Command. One additional mission was
    flown in conjunction with the NOAA G-IV for synoptic surveillance
    east of Florida and another was flown to drop buoys over the central
    Gulf of Mexico ahead of Ike. In addition, the NOAA Aircraft
    Operations Center WP-3D aircraft flew 12 missions before, during,
    and after Ike. These were mainly for research purposes but still
    provided important data for operational use, including 15 additional
    center fixes. The NOAA G-IV jet flew eight synoptic surveillance
    missions around Ike.

    NWS WSR-88D Doppler radars from Key West, Florida, New Orleans and
    Lake Charles, Louisiana, and Houston/Galveston, Texas, were used to
    make center fixes and obtain velocity data while Ike was near the
    coast. Several inland Doppler radars, including radars at Fort Polk
    and Shreveport, Louisiana, and Little Rock, Arkansas, were also used
    for center fixes and velocity data once Ike moved inland. Data from
    multiple radar sites in Cuba were extremely helpful in tracking Ike
    as it moved across the island.

    *Winds and Pressure*

    Ike is estimated to have reached its peak intensity before it was
    sampled by reconnaissance aircraft. The estimated maximum sustained
    winds of 125 kt and minimum central pressure of 935 mb at 0600 UTC
    September 4 are based on subjective Dvorak data T-number estimates
    and 3-hour averaged Advanced Dvorak Technique (ADT) estimates of 127
    kt from the University of Wisconsin Cooperative Institute for
    Meteorological Satellite Studies. Dvorak final T-number estimates
    from TAFB and SAB were both 115 kt at the time, but Ike had just
    gone through a period of rapid intensification, strengthening faster
    than allowed by the Dvorak technique rules. Therefore, the raw data
    T-numbers and the shorter-term ADT averages likely provided a better
    intensity estimate.

    A Hurricane Hunter mission on the afternoon of 6 September, just as
    Ike was approaching the Turks and Caicos Islands, measured a maximum
    flight-level wind of 129 kt and an SFMR estimate of 114 kt,
    supporting an increase in intensity to 115 kt. A reporting station
    on Grand Turk (78118) measured a sustained wind of 101 kt as the
    northern eyewall moved across the island. Maximum flight-level winds
    changed very little during the next flight early on 7 September, and
    Ike is estimated to have had an intensity of 110 kt when it hit
    Great Inagua. Before reaching Cuba, microwave imagery and Cuban
    radar suggested that Ike was completing an eyewall replacement. The
    estimated landfall intensity in Cuba of 115 kt is based on an SFMR
    wind of 119 kt and a reduced mean boundary layer wind of 105 kt
    reported by a dropwindsonde.

    The highest sustained winds reported in Cuba were 76 kt with a gust
    to 107 kt at Palo Seco, 77 kt with a gust to 104 kt at Puerto Padre,
    and 70 kt with a gust to 100 kt at Velasco (Table 3).

    Aircraft reconnaissance reports indicated that Ike steadily
    intensified for about 18 h after moving off the northwestern coast
    of Cuba. However, both the aircraft data and microwave imagery
    showed that the hurricane had a structure which likely prevented
    rapid intensification. By 1800 UTC 10 September, the aircraft data
    suggest that Ike had two well-defined wind maxima of nearly equal
    strength. The unusually broad distribution of strong winds were
    associated with surface central pressures that were much lower than
    would be expected for the winds that were measured. The minimum
    pressure over the Gulf of Mexico was 944 mb near 0000 UTC 11
    September based on a dropwindsonde from one of the NOAA missions. A
    central pressure this low would generally be associated with a
    115-kt hurricane.

    The estimated Texas landfall intensity of 95 kt is based on
    flight-level winds of 105 kt, SFMR winds up to 90 kt, and Doppler
    radar velocities from the Houston radar, which showed 114 kt winds
    at 6500 feet. The highest 1-minute sustained wind recorded by
    surface instruments was 83 kt from a WeatherFlow anemometer located
    at Crab Lake on the Bolivar Peninsula. The same instrument also
    reported the highest 3-second gust of 97 kt. A 1-minute sustained
    wind of 71 kt was recorded by a Texas Tech University Hurricane
    Research Team (TTUHRT) anemometer near Winnie, Texas, between
    Houston and Beaumont. A 3-second gust of 95 kt was reported by a
    separate TTUHRT sensor near Hankamer, Texas. The pressure of 950 mb
    at landfall is based on a minimum pressure of 950.7 mb reported by a
    TTUHRT sensor at Port Bolivar near the entrance to Galveston Bay and
    a pressure of 951.7 mb reported at the Galveston Pleasure Pier.

    The post-tropical remnant low of Ike produced strong wind gusts as
    it moved across the Ohio Valley into southeastern Canada (Table 7).
    Wind gusts to hurricane force were reported at Louisville, Kentucky,
    and Cincinnati, Columbus, and Wilmington, Ohio.

    *Storm Surge*

    While storm surge associated with Ike affected the Turks and Caicos
    Islands, southern Bahamas, and Cuba, there are no available
    measurements of water level heights from these areas. Unofficial
    reports and state television from Cuba indicate that storm surge,
    and large waves as high as 50 ft, washed over and damaged coastal
    homes and other structures in the city of Baracoa near Ike's first
    landfall in Cuba.

    Higher-than-normal water levels affected virtually the entire U.S.
    Gulf Coast. As the hurricane grew in size, the large wind field
    pushed water towards the coastline well before Ike's center made
    landfall near Galveston, Texas. Figure 5 shows maximum storm surge
    levels at various NOS tide stations, first occurring near the
    southwestern coast of Florida then migrating north and west along
    the Gulf Coast with time as Ike moved through the Gulf of Mexico.

    NOS tide gauges (referenced to Mean Lower Low Water) indicate that
    storm surge along the west coast of Florida was generally 1 - 3 ft.
    Key West, Florida, measured a maximum storm surge of 1.66 ft at 1630
    UTC 9 September. The highest water levels were subsequently recorded
    farther north along the west coast, and a maximum surge of 3.35 ft
    at Pensacola occurred around two days later at 2348 UTC 11
    September.

    Maximum storm surge along the coasts of Alabama, Mississippi, and
    southeastern Louisiana was generally in the 3 - 6 ft range. Dauphin
    Island, Alabama, recorded a storm surge of 3.27 ft, and Grand Isle,
    Louisiana, measured a surge of 3.84 ft. The concave orientation of
    the coastline in this region caused the highest surge values to
    occur along the coast of Mississippi and Louisiana east of the
    Mississippi River, including the New Orleans and Lake Pontchartrain
    areas. The Bay Waveland Yacht Club, Mississippi, measured a maximum
    surge of 5.81 ft while New Canal Station near New Orleans recorded a
    surge of 5.24 ft. The surge of 7.51 ft at Shell Beach, Louisiana,
    was higher than that recorded within most of the neighboring region.

    Storm surge heights increased dramatically west of Grand Isle,
    Louisiana, and were generally 5 - 10 ft along the coast of
    south-central Louisiana, increasing to 10 - 13 ft along the
    southwestern Louisiana and extreme upper Texas coast near Sabine
    Pass and Port Arthur. Several United States Geological Survey (USGS)
    sensors, referenced to the North American Vertical Datum of 1988
    (NAVD88), indicate that isolated areas in Jefferson County, Texas,
    and Cameron Parish, Louisiana, had surge heights up to 17 ft. The
    highest storm surge measured by any NOS tide gauge was at Sabine
    Pass North, Texas, where 12.79 ft was recorded at 0748 UTC 13
    September, just as Ike was making landfall at Galveston. Port
    Arthur, located several miles inland at the head of Sabine Lake,
    measured a maximum surge of 11.03 ft. Storm surge inundation depths
    are indicated for Jefferson and Orange County in Figures 6 and 7,
    respectively.

    The highest storm surge occurred on the Bolivar Peninsula and in
    parts of Chambers County, Texas (including the east side of
    Galveston Bay), roughly between the Galveston Bay entrance and just
    northeast of High Island. Complete tide gauge records for this area
    are unavailable since many of the sensors failed from salt water
    intrusion and large wave action, although ground assessment teams
    determined that the surge was generally between 15 and 20 ft. The
    highest water mark, collected by FEMA (referenced to NAVD88), was
    17.5 ft located about 10 n mi inland in Chambers County. Figures 8
    and 9 show that water depths of at least 4 ft covered all of the
    Bolivar Peninsula, with most areas covered by at least 10 ft of
    water (not including wave action). Much of the southern part of
    Chambers County was also inundated by at least 10 ft of water.

    Storm surge levels on Galveston Island and on the west side of
    Galveston Bay are estimated to be between 10 and 15 ft. Here, too,
    several NOS tide gauges failed, although the gauge at Eagle Point on
    the west side of Galveston Bay recorded a maximum surge of 11.48 ft.
    The highest inundation, of at least 10 ft, occurred on the bay side
    of Galveston Island, the coast of mainland Galveston County, as well
    as over Apffel Park at the northern tip of Galveston Island where
    Ike made landfall (Figure 8).

    NOS tide gauges indicated that water levels along the Texas and
    southwest Louisiana coasts began to rise rapidly on 12 September,
    approximately 24 h before the time of landfall. Numerous media
    reports the day before landfall showed water had already flooded
    areas near the coast and cut off evacuation routes from areas such
    as the Bolivar Peninsula, well before strong winds had reached the
    coast. By the evening of 12 September, about 6 - 8 h before
    landfall, storm tides were already running near 8 ft in the vicinity
    of Galveston.

    Farther south along the Texas coast, storm surge of 5 - 10 ft was
    recorded in Brazoria County, including near Freeport. The highest
    recorded stillwater mark in the area was 10.69 ft. The remainder of
    the Texas coast south of Brazoria County recorded surge heights of
    2 - 5 ft.

    *Rainfall*

Although rainfall observations were scarce from the Turks and Caicos
Islands and the southern Bahamas, several reports from the Morton Salt
Company indicated that 5 - 7 inches of rain fell on Great Inagua.
Comprehensive rainfall amounts from Haiti are also not available, but
heavy rains there caused more flooding and mud slides in areas that were
still recovering from Tropical Storm Fay and Hurricanes Gustav and
Hanna. Cuba reported heavy rainfall on some parts of the island. In
Cuba, the highest reports were 13.77 inches from Júcaro in the province
of Ciego de Ávila and 12.11 inches from Topes de Collantes in Sancti
Spiritus. Table 3 lists rainfall amounts for selected reporting stations
in the affected areas.

In the United States, Ike's outer rainbands produced some heavy rainfall
over southern Florida. Highest reports were 6.33 inches near Ochopee and
5.98 inches near Chokoloskee. Figure 10 shows a map of accumulated
rainfall from Ike over the United States. Ike produced a large area of
rainfall 3 inches or greater over much of southeastern Texas and extreme
southwestern Louisiana. The highest amount reported was 18.90 inches
just north of Houston along Spring Creek at Farm Road 2979. The remnants
of Ike produced heavy rainfall and exacerbated flooding across portions
of Missouri, Illinois, and Indiana initiated a day earlier by the
remnant moisture from Pacific Tropical Storm Lowell and a frontal
system.

*Tornadoes*

A total of 29 tornadoes were reported in association with Ike in the
United States. Two tornadoes occurred in the Upper Florida Keys when the
far outer spiral bands moved across the area. An EF0 tornado touched
down in North Key Largo on 9 September, and an EF1 tornado touched down
on Lower Matecumbe Key on 10 September, both producing minor damage.
From 12 - 14 September, 17 tornadoes occurred in Louisiana, 1 in Texas,
and 9 in Arkansas---none rated higher than an EF1. No deaths were
reported from the tornadoes.

c.  **Casualty and Damage Statistics**

    Ike is directly responsible for 103 deaths across Hispaniola, Cuba,
    and parts of the United States Gulf Coast. Extensive damage from
    strong winds, storm surge, and rainfall occurred over Hispaniola,
    the Turks and Caicos Islands, the southern Bahamas, Cuba, and the
    U.S. Gulf Coast from Florida to Texas. Additional deaths and
    significant damage occurred across parts of the Ohio Valley and
    southeastern Canada after Ike lost tropical characteristics.

    *Hispaniola*

    Parts of Hispaniola, especially Haiti, were devastated by widespread
    flooding and mud slides from four consecutive impacts by Tropical
    Storm Fay and Hurricanes Gustav, Hanna, and Ike. Overall, 793 people
    died in Haiti from the four storms, with another 300 people reported
    missing. It is estimated that 74 deaths are directly attributable to
    the effects of Ike. Ike exacerbated the humanitarian disaster in
    Haiti, wiping out the food supply, shelter, and transportation
    networks across the nation. Two deaths have been reported in the
    Dominican Republic.

    *Turks and Caicos Islands*

    The Caribbean Disaster Emergency Response Agency estimates that 95%
    of the houses on Grand Turk were damaged, 20% of which sustained
    significant damage. Ninety-five percent of the houses on South
    Caicos were damaged with over one-third significantly damaged or
    destroyed. Among the damaged buildings was Carnival Cruise Line's
    two-year old, \$60 million cruise ship terminal on Grand Turk. In
    addition, the agricultural sector in North and Middle Caicos
    sustained damage and the fishing industry on South Caicos was
    significantly impacted. The airports in Providenciales, Grand Turk,
    and South Caicos were all flooded during the storm.

    *Bahamas*

    Approximately 70-80% of the houses on Great Inagua Island sustained
    roof damage, and 25% had major damage or were destroyed. The Morton
    Salt factory on the island was forced to halt operations as Ike
    damaged its offices and loading docks. A few West Indian flamingos
    were killed by Ike but most of the 50,000 flamingos in Inagua
    National Park---the world's largest breeding colony---survived by
    taking shelter within the park's mangroves or flying to other
    islands. Minor damage was reported to Mayaguana, Acklins, and
    Crooked Islands. Risk Management Solutions estimates that total
    damage costs are between \$50 and \$200 million (USD) for the Turks
    and Caicos and the Bahamas.

    *Cuba*

    Ike damaged 323,800 homes in Cuba, of which about 43,000 were a
    total loss, mainly in the provinces of Holguín, Las Tunas, Camagüey,
    Villa Clara, Santiago de Cuba, Guantanamo, Pinar del Rio, and the
    Isle of Youth. In advance of the hurricane, about 2.6 million people
    were evacuated, or about 23% of the entire Cuban population. Due to
    the massive evacuations and preparations, only seven direct deaths
    were reported due to falling structures and drowning.

    Banana, coffee, yucca, and corn crops sustained serious damage
    across the country, and about 4,000 metric tons of foodstuffs were
    lost due to damage to storage facilities. Roadways sustained major
    damage across the island. In Ciego de Avila, the 24-km causeway
    linking mainland Cuba with the smaller islands of the Jardines del
    Rey archipelago, one of the major tourist destinations in the
    country, was damaged. The Granma Highway was severely damaged by
    storm surge, and the El Avispero bridge was washed away by a flooded
    river, stopping traffic along the coastal fringe of the Sierra
    Maestras. Several municipalities and communities were cut off from
    the rest of the country due to floodwaters. In Camagüey, the roofs
    and cupolas of several historic buildings were damaged, including
    the historic theater built in 1850. According to the United Nations,
    official sources in Cuba have estimated damages on the island to be
    between \$3 and \$4 billion (USD).

    *Florida*

    In the Florida Keys, almost 15,000 tourists evacuated as Ike
    approached. Tropical-storm-force winds caused some beach erosion on
    Key West's Smathers and Higgs Beaches and downed some tree limbs,
    but no major damage was reported. Commercial flights and cruise ship
    calls were temporarily halted until Ike passed.

    *Texas, Louisiana, and Arkansas*

    The latest official counts and media reports indicate that 20 people
    died in Texas, Louisiana, and Arkansas as a direct result of Ike.
    Twelve fatalities have been reported in Galveston and Chambers
    Counties, Texas, where the worst storm surge occurred, and several
    bodies were found within debris fields on the bay side of the
    Bolivar Peninsula, on Goat Island, and on the north side of
    Galveston Bay in Chambers County. Some of the debris fields have yet
    to be searched for remains due to lack of funds, and it is possible
    that the number of fatalities from storm surge could rise. Several
    of the deaths were Bolivar residents who did not leave after the
    first evacuation orders and were unable to leave once the rising
    waters cut off evacuation routes to the mainland. Three other
    drowning deaths were reported across Texas---one person drowned in
    the waters off Corpus Christi, one from storm surge in Orange County
    near Beaumont, and one after falling off a boat on Lake Livingston
    in Trinity County. In addition, one death in Montgomery County and
    one in Walker County resulted from trees falling onto the roofs of
    occupied houses. As many as 64 additional indirect deaths were
    reported in Texas due to factors such as electrocution, carbon
    monoxide poisoning, and pre-existing medical complications.

    In Louisiana, a 16-year-old boy drowned in Bayou Dularge, and a man
    in Houma died after breaking his neck when a gust of wind blew him
    over.

    One death occurred in Fisher, Arkansas, after a tree fell on a
    mobile home.

    Reports from the Laura Recovery Center
    (<http://www.lrcf.net/Ike/display.names.cgi>) indicate that 34
    people remain missing as of 4 February 2009, of which 19 are from
    Galveston, 5 from Port Bolivar, 2 from Crystal Beach, and 1 from
    Gilchrist.

    The Property Claim Services of the Insurance Services Office
    estimates that the insured damage (not including inland flooding or
    storm surge) from Ike in Texas, Louisiana, and Arkansas is \$9.7
    billion dollars. The National Flood Insurance Program estimates that
    insured losses from inland flooding and storm surge is \$489.5
    million in the same three states. Because there is a \$250,000 cap
    on each claim for inland flooding and storm surge, it is unlikely
    that this number is close to actual damage costs, considering the
    total devastation that occurred on some parts of the coast. Using
    these preliminary figures, total damage is estimated at about \$19.3
    billion dollars, based on a doubling of the total insured damage.
    These estimates suggest that Ike is the fourth costliest hurricane
    to affect the United States, after Hurricanes Katrina (2005), Andrew
    (1992), and Wilma (2005).

    Significant storm surge and wave damage occurred along an extensive
    section of the upper Texas and southwestern Louisiana coast, with
    the worst devastation on the Bolivar Peninsula and parts of
    Galveston Island. Almost every structure on parts of the Bolivar
    Peninsula, including the communities of Crystal Beach, Gilchrist,
    and High Island, were completely razed from their foundations due to
    the surge and accompanying waves. Protected by a seawall, much of
    the city of Galveston was spared direct impact by storm surge and
    wave action from the Gulf of Mexico; however the city was still
    inundated by surge when water rose on the north side of the island
    from Galveston Bay (Figures 6 and 10). Ike downed numerous trees and
    powerlines across the Houston area, and many streets were blocked
    due to floodwaters. The U.S. Department of Energy estimated that 2.6
    million customers lost power in Texas and Louisiana. Downtown
    Houston was spared significant wind damage, but streets were still
    littered with traffic signals and glass; one side of the 75-story JP
    Morgan Chase skyscraper, the city's tallest, was missing many of its
    windows. Large chunks of the retractable roof of Reliant Stadium,
    home of the National Football League's Houston Texans, were torn off
    during the storm, forcing the team to postpone a home game. In
    southwestern Louisiana, storm surge waters pushed up to 30 miles
    inland, including near Lake Charles, and inundated homes in parts of
    Cameron, lower Vermilion, St. Mary, and Terrebonne Parishes.

    Ports from Corpus Christi to Lake Charles were closed in advance of
    Ike. Damage to the Ports of Galveston and Houston, as well as debris
    in Galveston Bay and the Houston Ship Channel, kept those ports
    closed after the storm for several days, leaving almost 150 tankers,
    cargo vessels, and container ships waiting offshore (Figure 7f). The
    U.S. Department of Energy said that 14 oil refineries were closed by
    the storm, as well as two Texas strategic petroleum reserve sites,
    causing rising gas prices and gas shortages across parts of the
    United States. In addition, the storm destroyed at least 10 offshore
    oil rigs and damaged several large pipelines. Before Ike reached the
    coast, a Cypriot freighter carrying petroleum coke, the 580-foot
    *Antalina*, lost propulsion about 90 miles southeast of Galveston
    with its 22-man crew. The U.S. Coast Guard could not rescue the crew
    during the storm due to the hazardous weather conditions, but the
    ship rode out the storm without casualties.

    *Ohio Valley*

    Although Ike became extratropical while moving northward over
    Arkansas, its remnants caused several deaths and produced
    significant wind damage across the Ohio Valley. At least 28 direct
    and indirect deaths were reported in Tennessee, Ohio, Indiana,
    Illinois, Missouri, Kentucky, Michigan, and Pennsylvania. In Ohio,
    almost 2.6 million people lost power with the most extensive damage
    reported in the areas near Cincinnati, Columbus, and Dayton. The
    Property Claim Services of the Insurance Services Office estimates
    that the post-tropical remnants of Ike produced \$2.3 billion in
    non-flooding related insured losses---which equates to approximately
    \$4.7 billion in damages. Insured losses in Ohio are estimated at
    \$1.1 billion, rivaling the 1974 Xenia tornado as the costliest
    natural disaster in the state's history.

    *Canada*

    High winds and record rainfall were reported across portions of
    southern Ontario and Québec from the remnants of Ike. Downed power
    lines and tree branches in these areas left at least 50,000
    customers without power. Heavy rainfall caused some flooding and
    washed out several roads. High humidity associated with the system
    caused an electrical malfunction on one of the lines of the Montréal
    subway system, stranding commuters.

d.  **Forecast and Warning Critique**

    *Genesis*

    The genesis of Ike was well anticipated, even before the antecedent
    tropical wave moved off the coast of Africa. The Atlantic Tropical
    Weather Outlook (TWO) first mentioned the wave at 1200 UTC 28 August
    just as it was about to move off the coast, stating that gradual
    development was possible over the next couple of days. At this
    point, the system was given a "medium" chance to develop into a
    tropical cyclone within the following 48 h. By 1200 UTC 29 August,
    66 h prior to genesis, the TWO explicitly mentioned that a tropical
    depression could form over the next couple of days. The genesis
    probability was elevated to "high" at 0600 UTC 30 August, exactly 48
    h prior to the formation of a tropical depression.

    *Track*

    A verification of official and guidance model track forecasts is
    given in Table 4. Average official track errors for Ike (with number
    of cases in parentheses) were 17 (50), 32 (48), 46 (46), 59 (44), 91
    (40), 121 (36), and 166 (32) n mi for the 12, 24, 36, 48, 72, 96,
    and 120 h forecasts, respectively. These errors are significantly
    lower than the average official track errors (Table 4), ranging from
    a 50% improvement for the 12 h forecast to a 39% improvement for the
    120 h forecast. The official track forecasts were better than most
    of the available guidance, with a few exceptions. Impressively, the
    official track forecasts were better than the GUNA consensus at all
    forecast times and were only bested by the TVCN consensus at the 72
    and 120 h period. The only single model that consistently
    outperformed the official forecast was the European Center for
    Medium-Range Weather Forecasts global model (EMXI). EMXI showed
    particular skill at the 36-120 h forecast times, where it performed
    20-26% better than the official track forecast.

    There were three periods during the life of Ike during which most of
    the track model guidance showed a consistent bias. The first was
    around the time Ike reached its peak intensity north of the Leeward
    Islands just before it was driven west-southwestward by the
    subtropical high. The track model guidance during this period had a
    considerable northward bias, with many of the models showing a less
    pronounced west-southwestward motion and a subsequent turn to the
    northwest across the Bahamas towards South Florida. Only the GFDI
    and EMXI performed well during this period by anticipating the
    west-southwestward motion towards eastern Cuba (Figure 11).

    After the west-southwestward dive towards Cuba, model guidance
    indicated that Ike would reach the western periphery of the ridge
    and turn to the northwest. A few of the models, such as the GFDI,
    HWFI, and NGPI, were too quick with this scenario and brought Ike
    over the southeastern Gulf of Mexico closer to the west coast of
    Florida. The GFSI and EMXI performed much better during this period
    and were much closer to the actual track of Ike, whereas the EGRI
    actually showed a slight left-of-track bias closer to the Yucatan
    Peninsula.

    Ike's Texas landfall also highlighted certain model biases as the
    storm was moving into the Gulf of Mexico. The 2100 UTC 8 September
    forecast issued by National Hurricane Center (NHC), when Ike was
    still located near the southern coast of Cuba, indicated a U.S.
    landfall somewhere just south of Galveston Bay by 1800 UTC 13
    September. However, in the following days many of the models were
    indicating a strong high developing over the southern U.S. and
    responded by showing a landfall farther south between Corpus Christi
    and Brownsville (the 0900 UTC 9 September forecast was the farthest
    south). After that point, the models began a slow shift back to the
    north as it became more apparent that the high would not be strong
    enough to induce the westward motion. Again, only the EMXI showed
    more consistent and skillful forecasts, never deviating from a
    landfall somewhere between High Island and far eastern Matagorda
    Bay. Most of the other major dynamical models showed a persistent
    westward bias over the western Gulf of Mexico several days before
    the landfall (Figure 11). While the NHC cone graphic highlighted the
    area at risk through this period, more quantitatively useful
    information was provided by the wind speed and experimental storm
    surge probability products.

    *Intensity*

    A verification of official and guidance model intensity forecasts is
    given in Table 5. Average official intensity errors for Ike (with
    number of cases in parentheses) were 8 (50), 11 (48), 13 (46), 14
    (44), 18 (40), 18 (36), and 24 (32) knots for the 12, 24, 36, 48,
    72, 96, and 120 h forecasts, respectively. These are close to the
    average 5-year official intensity errors for the Atlantic (7, 10,
    12, 14, 18, 20, and 22 kt for the 12, 24, 36, 48, 72, 96, and 120 h
    forecasts, respectively). Several challenges in forecasting the
    intensity of Ike include its rapid intensification over the western
    Atlantic, the long periods of interaction with land (especially
    Cuba), and the anomalous structure the hurricane exhibited while
    over the Gulf of Mexico.

    The NHC official forecasts did outperform many of the individual
    intensity models. Only the GHMI (at the 96 and 120 h periods) and
    the FSSE (at the 72-120 h periods) had smaller errors than the
    official intensity forecasts. However, the intensity model consensus
    (ICON) bested the official forecasts at all times except the 36 h
    period.

*Watches and Warnings*

Watches and warnings associated with Ike are given in Table 6. The
government of the Bahamas first issued a hurricane watch for the Turks
and Caicos Islands and the southeastern Bahamas approximately 24 h
before tropical storm force winds began to spread across the easternmost
Turks and Caicos but almost 33 h before these winds reached Great Inagua
Island in the southeastern Bahamas. The watch was also issued 33 and 39
h before hurricane force winds reached the Turks and Caicos Islands and
Great Inagua Island, respectively.

The government of Cuba issued a hurricane watch for the easternmost
Cuban provinces from Guantanamo to Camagüey approximately 21 h before
tropical storm force winds began spreading across the eastern end of
Cuba and about 33 h before hurricane force winds reached the area around
Cabo Lucrecia. Subsequent hurricane watches and warnings were issued for
the entire length of Cuba.

A hurricane watch was issued for the Florida Keys from Ocean Reef to the
Dry Tortugas when Ike was located over Great Inagua Island, with the
anticipation that the hurricane would move close to the island chain.
Although hurricane force winds remained well south of the keys, a
tropical storm warning was required for the same area, including Florida
Bay, and was issued approximately 24 h before tropical storm force winds
began to spread across portions of the Middle and Lower Keys. Much of
the Upper Keys remained outside the area of tropical storm force winds.

After Ike moved into the Gulf of Mexico, a hurricane watch was issued on
the afternoon of 10 September from Cameron, Louisiana, to Port
Mansfield, Texas, while a tropical storm warning was issued from the
mouth of the Mississippi River to Cameron. The issuance of the tropical
storm warning for parts of the Louisiana coast, without the previous
issuance of a tropical storm watch, was required due to the unforeseen
rapid expansion of Ike's wind field once the storm moved across Cuba.
However, the warning was still issued with appropriate lead time as
tropical storm force winds began to affect the Mississippi Delta region
about 24 h later. A hurricane watch was issued from Cameron, Louisiana,
to Port Mansfield, Texas, earlier than the usual 36-hr threshold since
significant storm surge was expected to impact the area well before
tropical-storm-force winds reached the coast. A hurricane warning was
issued from Morgan City, Louisiana, to Baffin Bay, Texas about 24 h
before storm surge began to affect the region.

**Acknowledgments**

Weather Service Forecast Offices (WFOs) in Miami, Key West, Tampa,
Mobile, New Orleans, Lake Charles, Houston/Galveston, Shreveport, Corpus
Christi, Brownsville, Ft. Worth, and the National Data Buoy Center
provided extensive post-storm reports and provided the many observations
included in Table 3. WFOs in Little Rock, Paducah, Louisville,
Indianapolis, Wilmington (OH), and Cleveland provided additional storm
reports for Ike's post-tropical remnants. The Instituto de Meteorología
de la República de Cuba also provided a post-storm summary and
observations. The National Ocean Service, the Harris County Flood
Control District, and WFO Lake Charles provided storm surge charts and
graphics. David Roth at the Hydrometeorological Prediction Center
provided the rainfall graphic. The Office of Electricity Delivery and
Energy Reliability of the U.S. Department of Energy provided information
on Ike's effects on the electrical grid and oil refineries. The
Hurricane Specialists Unit and the Storm Surge Unit at the National
Hurricane Center provided extensive insight and guidance in the writing
of this report. Damage pictures in Figure 12 are from the *Houston
Chronicle,* WFO Houston/Galveston, the Galveston County Office of
Emergency Management, and the USGS. The NOAA Hurricane Research
Division, NOAA Aircraft Operations Center Hurricane Hunters, and the
53^rd^ Weather Reconnaissance Squadron of the U. S. Air Force Reserve
Command spent countless hours gathering crucial data for Ike.

**Table 1.** Best track for Hurricane Ike, 1 -- 14 September 2008.

+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| D        | Lat   | Lon    | Pressure | Wind    | S |                   |
| ate/Time | itude | gitude |          | Speed   | t |                   |
|          |       |        | (mb)     |         | a |                   |
| (UTC)    | \(N\) | \(W\)  |          | (kt)    | g |                   |
|          |       |        |          |         | e |                   |
+==========+=======+========+==========+=========+===+===================+
| 01 /     | 17.2  | 37.0   | 1006     | 30      |   | tropical          |
| 0600     |       |        |          |         |   | depression        |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 01 /     | 17.3  | 38.4   | 1005     | 35      |   | tropical storm    |
| 1200     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 01 /     | 17.5  | 39.9   | 1003     | 45      |   | \"                |
| 1800     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 02 /     | 17.8  | 41.3   | 1002     | 45      |   | \"                |
| 0000     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 02 /     | 18.2  | 42.8   | 1000     | 45      |   | \"                |
| 0600     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 02 /     | 18.7  | 44.3   | 999      | 50      |   | \"                |
| 1200     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 02 /     | 19.3  | 45.8   | 996      | 55      |   | \"                |
| 1800     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 03 /     | 19.8  | 47.3   | 994      | 55      |   | \"                |
| 0000     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 03 /     | 20.2  | 48.8   | 992      | 55      |   | \"                |
| 0600     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 03 /     | 20.6  | 50.3   | 989      | 60      |   | \"                |
| 1200     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 03 /     | 21.1  | 51.9   | 979      | 75      |   | hurricane         |
| 1800     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 04 /     | 21.8  | 53.5   | 956      | 105     |   | \"                |
| 0000     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 04 /     | 22.4  | 55.0   | 935      | 125     |   | \"                |
| 0600     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 04 /     | 23.0  | 56.4   | 937      | 120     |   | \"                |
| 1200     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 04 /     | 23.4  | 57.7   | 940      | 115     |   | \"                |
| 1800     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 05 /     | 23.6  | 59.0   | 944      | 115     |   | \"                |
| 0000     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 05 /     | 23.6  | 60.4   | 949      | 115     |   | \"                |
| 0600     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 05 /     | 23.5  | 61.9   | 954      | 105     |   | \"                |
| 1200     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 05 /     | 23.2  | 63.4   | 959      | 100     |   | \"                |
| 1800     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 06 /     | 22.8  | 64.9   | 962      | 100     |   | \"                |
| 0000     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 06 /     | 22.4  | 66.3   | 964      | 100     |   | \"                |
| 0600     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 06 /     | 21.9  | 67.7   | 965      | 95      |   | \"                |
| 1200     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 06 /     | 21.5  | 69.0   | 950      | 115     |   | \"                |
| 1800     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 07 /     | 21.2  | 70.3   | 947      | 115     |   | \"                |
| 0000     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 07 /     | 21.1  | 71.6   | 947      | 115     |   | \"                |
| 0600     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 07 /     | 21.0  | 72.8   | 947      | 110     |   | \"                |
| 1200     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 07 /     | 21.0  | 74.0   | 946      | 105     |   | \"                |
| 1800     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 08 /     | 21.1  | 75.2   | 945      | 115     |   | \"                |
| 0000     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 08 /     | 21.1  | 76.5   | 950      | 100     |   | \"                |
| 0600     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 08 /     | 21.1  | 77.8   | 960      | 85      |   | \"                |
| 1200     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 08 /     | 21.2  | 79.1   | 964      | 75      |   | \"                |
| 1800     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 09 /     | 21.5  | 80.3   | 965      | 70      |   | \"                |
| 0000     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 09 /     | 22.0  | 81.4   | 965      | 70      |   | \"                |
| 0600     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 09 /     | 22.4  | 82.4   | 965      | 70      |   | \"                |
| 1200     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 09 /     | 22.7  | 83.3   | 966      | 65      |   | \"                |
| 1800     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 10 /     | 23.1  | 84.0   | 968      | 65      |   | \"                |
| 0000     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 10 /     | 23.4  | 84.6   | 964      | 70      |   | \"                |
| 0600     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 10 /     | 23.8  | 85.2   | 959      | 80      |   | \"                |
| 1200     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 10 /     | 24.2  | 85.8   | 958      | 85      |   | \"                |
| 1800     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 11 /     | 24.7  | 86.4   | 944      | 85      |   | \"                |
| 0000     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 11 /     | 25.1  | 87.1   | 945      | 85      |   | \"                |
| 0600     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 11 /     | 25.5  | 88.0   | 946      | 85      |   | \"                |
| 1200     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 11 /     | 25.8  | 88.9   | 952      | 85      |   | \"                |
| 1800     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 12 /     | 26.1  | 90.0   | 954      | 85      |   | \"                |
| 0000     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 12 /     | 26.4  | 91.1   | 954      | 90      |   | \"                |
| 0600     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 12 /     | 26.9  | 92.2   | 954      | 90      |   | \"                |
| 1200     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 12 /     | 27.5  | 93.2   | 954      | 90      |   | \"                |
| 1800     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 13 /     | 28.3  | 94.0   | 952      | 95      |   | \"                |
| 0000     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 13 /     | 29.1  | 94.6   | 951      | 95      |   | \"                |
| 0600     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 13 /     | 30.3  | 95.2   | 959      | 85      |   | \"                |
| 1200     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 13 /     | 31.7  | 95.3   | 974      | 50      |   | tropical storm    |
| 1800     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 14 /     | 33.5  | 94.9   | 980      | 35      |   | \"                |
| 0000     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 14 /     | 35.5  | 93.7   | 985      | 35      |   | \"                |
| 0600     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 14 /     | 37.6  | 91.0   | 987      | 40      |   | extratropical     |
| 1200     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 14 /     | 40.3  | 87.2   | 988      | 50      |   | \"                |
| 1800     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 15 /     | 43.3  | 81.5   | 988      | 50      |   | \"                |
| 0000     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 15 /     | 45.8  | 75.3   | 986      | 40      |   | \"                |
| 0600     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 15 /     | 47.2  | 71.1   | 986      | 35      |   | \"                |
| 1200     |       |        |          |         |   |                   |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 15 /     |       |        |          |         |   | absorbed by       |
| 1800     |       |        |          |         |   | another low       |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 04 /     | 22.4  | 55.0   | 935      | 125     |   | maximum wind and  |
| 0600     |       |        |          |         |   | minimum pressure  |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 07 /     | 21.0  | 73.2   | 947      | 110     |   | landfall on Great |
| 1300     |       |        |          |         |   | Inagua Island,    |
|          |       |        |          |         |   | Bahamas           |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 08 /     | 21.1  | 75.7   | 945      | 115     |   | landfall near     |
| 0215     |       |        |          |         |   | Cabo Lucrecia,    |
|          |       |        |          |         |   | Cuba              |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 09 /     | 22.6  | 82.9   | 965      | 70      |   | landfall near     |
| 1400     |       |        |          |         |   | Punta La          |
|          |       |        |          |         |   | Capitana, Cuba    |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+
| 13 /     | 29.3  | 94.7   | 950      | 95      |   | landfall at north |
| 0700     |       |        |          |         |   | end of Galveston  |
|          |       |        |          |         |   | Island, Texas     |
+----------+-------+--------+----------+---------+---+-------------------+

**Table 2.** Selected ship reports with winds of at least 34 kt for
Hurricane Ike, 1 -- 14 September 2008.

+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| D        | Ship call | Latitude | L        | Wind      | Pressure |
| ate/Time | sign      |          | ongitude |           |          |
| (UTC)    |           | \(N\)    |          | dir/speed | (mb)     |
|          |           |          | \(W\)    | (kt)      |          |
+==========+===========+==========+==========+===========+==========+
| 09 /     | C6FZ7     | 19.6     | 81.0     | 200 / 43  | 1008.2   |
| 1200     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 09 /     | C6FZ7     | 19.5     | 79.2     | 170 / 43  | 1015.0   |
| 1700     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 10 /     | WPKD      | 24.2     | 82.9     | 130 / 44  | 1000.0   |
| 0900     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 10 /     | WPKD      | 24.6     | 83.7     | 130 / 55  | 995.5    |
| 1200     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 10 /     | WPKD      | 25.3     | 83.9     | 110 / 59  | 1011.5   |
| 1500     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 10 /     | WPKD      | 26.2     | 84.1     | 120 / 52  | 1002.5   |
| 1800     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 10 /     | V7HC9     | 28.0     | 86.5     | 090 / 50  | 1009.3   |
| 2200     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 11 /     | WPKD      | 27.3     | 84.3     | 110 / 44  | 1004.2   |
| 0000     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 11 /     | V7HC9     | 28.1     | 86.4     | 050 / 52  | 1009.2   |
| 0000     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 11 /     | V7HC9     | 28.1     | 86.3     | 100 / 45  | 1009.9   |
| 0200     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 11 /     | C6FM5     | 21.8     | 86.8     | 220 / 45  | 1014.0   |
| 0600     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 11 /     | V7HD3     | 28.7     | 87.0     | 090 / 50  | 1014.0   |
| 0600     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 11 /     | WPKD      | 27.4     | 84.4     | 110 / 41  | 1007.0   |
| 0900     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 11 /     | C6CL6     | 28.1     | 88.6     | 070 / 45  | 1008.0   |
| 0900     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 11 /     | WDD382    | 27.8     | 88.9     | 070 / 44  | 1002.1   |
| 1000     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 11 /     | V7HD3     | 28.7     | 87.0     | 110 / 60  | 1013.5   |
| 1000     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 11 /     | WDD382    | 27.9     | 88.8     | 070 / 47  | 1002.5   |
| 1100     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 11 /     | V7HC9     | 28.1     | 86.3     | 100 / 62  | 1008.5   |
| 1100     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 11 /     | WDD382    | 27.9     | 88.6     | 090 / 47  | 1002.2   |
| 1200     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 11 /     | C6CL6     | 28.1     | 88.4     | 090 / 46  | 1002.8   |
| 1200     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 11 /     | 3FMH7     | 28.6     | 88.8     | 190 / 48  | 1007.4   |
| 1200     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 11 /     | V7HD3     | 28.7     | 87.0     | 090 / 44  | 1014.0   |
| 1200     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 11 /     | WDD382    | 27.9     | 88.6     | 090 / 44  | 1002.0   |
| 1300     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 11 /     | WDD382    | 27.9     | 88.4     | 090 / 52  | 1002.0   |
| 1400     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 11 /     | WDD382    | 27.9     | 88.3     | 100 / 52  | 1001.5   |
| 1500     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 11 /     | C6CL6     | 28.1     | 88.4     | 090 / 55  | 1003.0   |
| 1500     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 11 /     | WDD382    | 27.9     | 88.2     | 100 / 52  | 1001.5   |
| 1600     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 11 /     | WDD382    | 27.9     | 88.2     | 100 / 44  | 1002.0   |
| 1700     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 11 /     | WDD382    | 27.9     | 88.0     | 120 / 49  | 1002.0   |
| 1800     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 11 /     | V7HC8     | 28.1     | 89.0     | 080 / 42  | 1007.0   |
| 1800     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 11 /     | C6CL6     | 28.2     | 88.3     | 090 / 55  | 1003.0   |
| 1800     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 11 /     | 3FMH7     | 28.7     | 88.3     | 080 / 54  | 1007.4   |
| 1800     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 11 /     | WDD382    | 27.9     | 87.9     | 120 / 52  | 1012.5   |
| 1900     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 11 /     | WDD382    | 27.9     | 87.8     | 120 / 44  | 1001.0   |
| 2000     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 11 /     | V7HC8     | 28.1     | 88.9     | 110 / 45  | 1003.0   |
| 2000     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 11 /     | V7HC9     | 28.1     | 86.3     | 180 / 50  | 1010.8   |
| 2000     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 11 /     | WDD382    | 27.9     | 87.7     | 120 / 42  | 1001.5   |
| 2100     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 11 /     | V7HC9     | 28.1     | 86.3     | 110 / 50  | 1010.2   |
| 2100     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 11 /     | C6CL6     | 28.2     | 88.3     | 090 / 55  | 1003.0   |
| 2100     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 11 /     | WPKD      | 28.3     | 85.8     | 120 / 41  | 1008.0   |
| 2100     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 11 /     | WDD382    | 27.9     | 87.6     | 110 / 44  | 1001.5   |
| 2200     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 11 /     | V7HC9     | 28.1     | 86.3     | 180 / 45  | 1010.2   |
| 2200     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 11 /     | WDD382    | 27.8     | 87.4     | 100 / 44  | 1002.2   |
| 2300     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 11 /     | V7HC8     | 28.2     | 88.9     | 100 / 45  | 1008.0   |
| 2300     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 12 /     | KRGC      | 23.0     | 89.5     | 210 / 46  | 1002.0   |
| 0000     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 12 /     | WDD382    | 27.8     | 87.3     | 110 / 44  | 1002.5   |
| 0000     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 12 /     | C6CL6     | 28.2     | 88.2     | 100 / 48  | 1002.0   |
| 0000     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 12 /     | 3FMH7     | 28.7     | 88.0     | 120 / 43  | 1005.7   |
| 0000     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 12 /     | WDD382    | 27.7     | 87.2     | 110 / 44  | 1003.5   |
| 0100     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 12 /     | WDD382    | 27.6     | 87.0     | 130 / 41  | 1006.5   |
| 0200     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 12 /     | V7HC9     | 28.1     | 86.3     | 110 / 47  | 1012.6   |
| 0200     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 12 /     | C6CL6     | 28.2     | 88.0     | 110 / 55  | 1005.0   |
| 0300     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 12 /     | C6CL6     | 28.1     | 87.9     | 140 / 58  | 1005.0   |
| 0600     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 12 /     | 3FMH7     | 28.5     | 87.7     | 120 / 46  | 1007.9   |
| 0600     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 12 /     | WPKD      | 28.8     | 86.6     | 120 / 43  | 1009.8   |
| 0600     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 12 /     | WGZK      | 23.6     | 92.1     | 220 / 41  | 1000.0   |
| 0900     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 12 /     | C6CL6     | 28.0     | 87.8     | 140 / 55  | 1006.0   |
| 0900     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 12 /     | WGZK      | 23.9     | 91.7     | 210 / 45  | 1000.7   |
| 1200     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 12 /     | C6CL6     | 27.8     | 87.7     | 120 / 51  | 1007.8   |
| 1200     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 12 /     | WGZK      | 24.3     | 91.2     | 210 / 44  | 1005.5   |
| 1500     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 12 /     | C6CL6     | 27.6     | 87.6     | 130 / 48  | 1009.0   |
| 1500     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 12 /     | C6CL6     | 27.3     | 87.5     | 170 / 50  | 1010.0   |
| 1800     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 12 /     | C6CL6     | 27.0     | 87.5     | 160 / 45  | 1010.0   |
| 2100     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| 13 /     | C6CL6     | 26.7     | 87.5     | 160 / 42  | 1010.0   |
| 0000     |           |          |          |           |          |
+----------+-----------+----------+----------+-----------+----------+

**Table 3.** Selected surface observations for Hurricane Ike, 1 -- 14
September 2008.

+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Location        | M   |     | M   |       |     | St  | St  | To  |
|                 | ini |     | axi |       |     | orm | orm | tal |
|                 | mum |     | mum |       |     | su  |     |     |
|                 | Sea |     | S   |       |     | rge | t   | r   |
|                 | Le  |     | urf |       |     |     | ide | ain |
|                 | vel |     | ace |       |     | (   |     |     |
|                 | Pr  |     |     |       |     | ft) | (   | (   |
|                 | ess |     | W   |       |     | ^c^ | ft) | in) |
|                 | ure |     | ind |       |     |     | ^d^ |     |
|                 |     |     | Sp  |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | eed |       |     |     |     |     |
+=================+=====+=====+=====+=======+=====+=====+=====+=====+
|                 | Da  | Pre | Da  | Sust  | G   |     |     |     |
|                 | te/ | ss. | te/ | ained | ust |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | t   | (   | t   | (k    | (   |     |     |     |
|                 | ime | mb) | ime | t)^b^ | kt) |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | (U  |     | (U  |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | TC) |     | TC) |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | ^a^ |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Haiti**       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Camp Perrin     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 2   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .23 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Dominican     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| Republic**      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Santo Domingo   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 9   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .40 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Barahona        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .86 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Aerop. Joaquin  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
| Balaguer        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .75 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Polo            |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .15 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| San Cristobal   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .63 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Yamasa          |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .33 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Rancho Arriba   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 6   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .74 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Neyba           |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 4   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .49 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Monte Plata     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 4   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .19 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Juma Bonao      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 4   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .11 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Aeropuerto      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 4   |
| Catey           |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .09 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Bonao           |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 4   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .01 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Punta Cana      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 2   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .17 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Santiago        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 1   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .80 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Turks and     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| Caicos          |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| Islands**       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Grand Turk      | 0   | 97  | 0   | 101   |     |     |     |     |
| (78118)         | 7/0 | 5.3 | 7/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 300 |     | 300 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Pine Cay        | 0   | 99  | 0   | 57    | 62  |     |     |     |
| (DW0758)        | 7/0 | 1.8 | 7/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 312 |     | 358 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Pine Cay        | 0   | 99  | 0   | 57    |     |     |     |     |
| (MD0758)        | 7/0 | 2.4 | 7/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 333 |     | 412 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Bahamas**     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Great         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| Inagua**        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| #4 Pump         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 6   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .48 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| P. Point        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 6   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .90 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Y-2             |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 5   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .48 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Y. House        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 6   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .90 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Cuba**        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Holguín**     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| La Jíquima      | 0   | 95  | 0   | 59    | 84  |     |     | 6   |
|                 | 8/0 | 6.0 | 8/0 |       |     |     |     | .51 |
|                 | 600 |     | 635 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Guaro           | 0   | 98  | 0   | 60    | 86  |     |     | 5   |
|                 | 8/0 | 0.0 | 8/0 |       |     |     |     | .00 |
|                 | 220 |     | 220 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Holguín         | 0   | 97  | 0   | 68    | 97  |     |     | 5   |
|                 | 8/0 | 2.5 | 8/0 |       |     |     |     | .73 |
|                 | 400 |     | 412 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Velasco         | 0   | 94  | 0   | 70    | 100 |     |     | 4   |
|                 | 8/0 | 9.0 | 8/0 |       |     |     |     | .84 |
|                 | 420 |     | 440 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Las Tunas**   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Las Tunas       | 0   | 95  | 0   | 65    | 93  |     |     | 4   |
|                 | 8/0 | 2.5 | 8/0 |       |     |     |     | .10 |
|                 | 700 |     | 625 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Puerto Padre    | 0   | 95  | 0   | 77    | 104 |     |     | 6   |
|                 | 8/0 | 0.5 | 8/0 |       |     |     |     | .84 |
|                 | 650 |     | 525 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Camagüey**    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Florida         | 0   | 98  | 0   | 49    | 69  |     |     | 11  |
|                 | 8/1 | 4.6 | 8/0 |       |     |     |     | .88 |
|                 | 300 |     | 830 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Santa Cruz del  | 0   | 99  | 0   | 48    | 65  |     |     | 5   |
| Sur             | 8/1 | 2.9 | 8/1 |       |     |     |     | .83 |
|                 | 150 |     | 035 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Esmeralda       | 0   | 99  |     |       |     |     |     | 3   |
|                 | 8/1 | 7.0 |     |       |     |     |     | .94 |
|                 | 200 |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Nuevitas        | 0   | 98  | 0   | 71    | 96  |     |     | 5   |
|                 | 8/0 | 7.8 | 8/0 |       |     |     |     | .05 |
|                 | 830 |     | 804 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Palo Seco       | 0   | 94  | 0   | 76    | 107 |     |     | 5   |
|                 | 8/0 | 5.5 | 8/0 |       |     |     |     | .98 |
|                 | 830 |     | 759 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Camagüey        |     |     | 0   | 53    | 76  |     |     | 8   |
|                 |     |     | 8/0 |       |     |     |     | .39 |
|                 |     |     | 935 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Santiago de   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| Cuba**          |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Contramaestre   | 0   | 99  | 0   | 23    | 38  |     |     | 2   |
|                 | 8/0 | 5.2 | 8/1 |       |     |     |     | .65 |
|                 | 700 |     | 655 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Santiago de     | 0   | 100 | 0   | 29    | 49  |     |     | 5   |
| Cuba            | 8/0 | 1.2 | 8/1 |       |     |     |     | .06 |
|                 | 600 |     | 200 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| La Gran Piedra  |     |     | 0   |       | 71  |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 8/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 100 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Granma**      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Cabo Cruz       |     |     | 0   | 49    | 65  |     |     | 1   |
|                 |     |     | 8/1 |       |     |     |     | .30 |
|                 |     |     | 620 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Manzanillo      |     |     | 0   | 35    | 49  |     |     | 2   |
|                 |     |     | 8/0 |       |     |     |     | .96 |
|                 |     |     | 841 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Jucarito        |     |     | 0   | 48    | 68  |     |     | 3   |
|                 |     |     | 8/0 |       |     |     |     | .11 |
|                 |     |     | 754 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Veguitas        |     |     | 0   | 32    | 46  |     |     | 3   |
|                 |     |     | 8/0 |       |     |     |     | .05 |
|                 |     |     | 850 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Guantánamo**  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Guantánamo      |     |     | 0   | 25    | 37  |     |     | 3   |
|                 |     |     | 7/1 |       |     |     |     | .93 |
|                 |     |     | 650 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Punta de Maisí  | 0   | 99  | 0   | 61    | 83  |     |     | 5   |
|                 | 7/1 | 0.8 | 7/2 |       |     |     |     | .89 |
|                 | 500 |     | 315 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Jamal, Baracoa  | 0   | 99  | 0   |       | 76  |     |     | 6   |
|                 | 7/1 | 2.9 | 7/1 |       |     |     |     | .95 |
|                 | 600 |     | 740 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Palenque de     | 0   | 98  | 0   |       | 65  |     |     | 10  |
| Yateras         | 7/2 | 7.7 | 7/2 |       |     |     |     | .63 |
|                 | 300 |     | 030 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Valle de        |     |     | 0   | 31    | 51  |     |     | 6   |
| Caujerí         |     |     | 8/0 |       |     |     |     | .72 |
|                 |     |     | 000 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Ciego de      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| Ávila**         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Falla           | 0   | 99  | 0   | 49    | 70  |     |     | 6   |
|                 | 8/1 | 5.0 | 8/1 |       |     |     |     | .32 |
|                 | 810 |     | 700 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Ciego de Ávila  | 0   | 99  | 0   | 48    | 68  |     |     | 9   |
|                 | 8/1 | 4.9 | 8/1 |       |     |     |     | .28 |
|                 | 700 |     | 800 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Júcaro          | 0   | 99  | 0   | 55    | 75  |     |     | 13  |
|                 | 8/1 | 1.2 | 8/1 |       |     |     |     | .77 |
|                 | 700 |     | 800 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Cayo Coco       | 0   | 100 | 0   | 51    | 69  |     |     | 1   |
|                 | 8/1 | 3.3 | 8/1 |       |     |     |     | .66 |
|                 | 140 |     | 908 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Sancti        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| Spíritus**      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Sancti Spíritus | 0   | 99  | 0   | 37    | 62  |     |     | 9   |
|                 | 8/2 | 0.2 | 8/2 |       |     |     |     | .76 |
|                 | 230 |     | 100 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Topes de        |     |     | 0   |       | 78  |     |     | 12  |
| Collantes       |     |     | 8/2 |       |     |     |     | .11 |
|                 |     |     | 238 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Trinidad        | 0   | 97  | 0   | 43    | 71  |     |     | 4   |
|                 | 8/2 | 6.1 | 8/2 |       |     |     |     | .41 |
|                 | 300 |     | 259 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| El Jíbaro       | 0   | 98  | 0   | 47    | 67  |     |     | 8   |
|                 | 8/2 | 6.5 | 8/1 |       |     |     |     | .18 |
|                 | 050 |     | 802 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Villa Clara** |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Sagua la Grande | 0   | 100 | 0   | 50    | 67  |     |     | 3   |
|                 | 8/2 | 0.0 | 8/1 |       |     |     |     | .73 |
|                 | 100 |     | 940 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Santa Clara     | 0   | 98  | 0   | 43    | 62  |     |     | 3   |
|                 | 8/2 | 3.0 | 8/1 |       |     |     |     | .46 |
|                 | 200 |     | 928 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Caibarién       | 0   | 99  | 0   | 49    | 65  |     |     | 2   |
|                 | 8/2 | 8.0 | 8/2 |       |     |     |     | .91 |
|                 | 300 |     | 145 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Santo Domingo   | 0   | 99  | 0   | 42    | 59  |     |     | 4   |
|                 | 8/1 | 2.5 | 8/2 |       |     |     |     | .16 |
|                 | 900 |     | 020 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Cienfuegos**  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Aguada de       | 0   | 99  | 0   | 43    | 62  |     |     | 7   |
| Pasajeros       | 9/0 | 4.3 | 9/0 |       |     |     |     | .72 |
|                 | 300 |     | 030 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Cienfuegos      | 0   | 98  | 0   | 45    | 64  |     |     | 3   |
|                 | 9/0 | 9.0 | 8/1 |       |     |     |     | .08 |
|                 | 000 |     | 830 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Matanzas**    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Playa Girón     | 0   | 98  | 0   | 48    | 65  |     |     | 3   |
|                 | 9/0 | 6.5 | 9/1 |       |     |     |     | .72 |
|                 | 400 |     | 300 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Varadero        |     |     | 0   | 48    | 64  |     |     | 2   |
|                 |     |     | 9/0 |       |     |     |     | .54 |
|                 |     |     | 445 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Unión de Reyes  | 0   | 99  | 0   | 42    | 59  |     |     | 10  |
|                 | 9/0 | 3.7 | 9/0 |       |     |     |     | .24 |
|                 | 900 |     | 150 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Colón           | 0   | 99  | 0   | 42    | 59  |     |     | 8   |
|                 | 9/0 | 6.6 | 9/0 |       |     |     |     | .28 |
|                 | 720 |     | 050 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Jovellanos      | 0   | 99  | 0   | 42    | 59  |     |     | 5   |
|                 | 9/0 | 6.4 | 9/0 |       |     |     |     | .59 |
|                 | 700 |     | 300 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Indio Hatuey    | 0   | 99  |     |       |     |     |     | 6   |
|                 | 9/0 | 7.9 |     |       |     |     |     | .72 |
|                 | 600 |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Jagüey Grande   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 9   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .11 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **La Habana**   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Güines          | 0   | 99  | 0   | 54    | 77  |     |     | 4   |
|                 | 9/1 | 2.4 | 9/1 |       |     |     |     | .42 |
|                 | 200 |     | 114 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Bainoa          |     | 98  | 0   | 36    | 59  |     |     | 5   |
|                 |     | 2.7 | 9/0 |       |     |     |     | .76 |
|                 |     |     | 420 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Bauta           |     | 98  | 0   | 46    | 66  |     |     | 8   |
|                 |     | 4.6 | 9/1 |       |     |     |     | .46 |
|                 |     |     | 605 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Melena del Sur  | 0   | 98  | 0   | 41    | 58  |     |     | 6   |
|                 | 9/1 | 8.6 | 9/1 |       |     |     |     | .80 |
|                 | 200 |     | 202 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Güira de Melena | 0   | 98  | 0   | 37    | 52  |     |     | 6   |
|                 | 9/1 | 7.5 | 9/0 |       |     |     |     | .13 |
|                 | 300 |     | 710 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Batabanó        | 0   | 98  | 0   | 42    | 59  |     |     | 4   |
|                 | 9/1 | 6.6 | 9/0 |       |     |     |     | .67 |
|                 | 200 |     | 605 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Ciudad de La  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| Habana**        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Casa Blanca     | 0   | 98  | 1   | 49    | 70  |     |     | 3   |
|                 | 9/1 | 9.7 | 0/0 |       |     |     |     | .35 |
|                 | 220 |     | 045 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Santiago de las |     | 98  | 0   | 39    | 56  |     |     | 7   |
| Vegas           |     | 2.7 | 9/1 |       |     |     |     | .70 |
|                 |     |     | 148 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Isla de la    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| Juventud**      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| La Fe           | 0   | 99  | 0   | 36    | 51  |     |     | 1   |
|                 | 9/1 | 1.4 | 9/1 |       |     |     |     | .37 |
|                 | 200 |     | 600 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Pinar del     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| Río**           |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Cabo de San     | 1   | 99  | 1   | 49    | 66  |     |     | 2   |
| Antonio         | 0/0 | 6.2 | 0/1 |       |     |     |     | .30 |
|                 | 600 |     | 335 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Santa Lucía     | 0   | 98  | 1   | 39    | 56  |     |     | 3   |
|                 | 9/2 | 4.0 | 0/1 |       |     |     |     | .14 |
|                 | 200 |     | 425 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Isabel Rubio    | 0   | 98  | 0   | 34    | 47  |     |     | 9   |
|                 | 9/2 | 4.2 | 9/2 |       |     |     |     | .01 |
|                 | 000 |     | 305 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| San Juan y      | 0   | 98  | 1   | 41    | 58  |     |     | 7   |
| Martínez        | 9/2 | 9.2 | 0/1 |       |     |     |     | .86 |
|                 | 225 |     | 209 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Pinar del Río   | 1   | 98  | 1   | 41    | 59  |     |     | 8   |
|                 | 0/1 | 0.6 | 0/1 |       |     |     |     | .95 |
|                 | 500 |     | 150 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| La Palma        | 0   | 96  | 0   | 48    | 68  |     |     | 11  |
|                 | 9/1 | 5.9 | 9/1 |       |     |     |     | .09 |
|                 | 900 |     | 845 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Paso Real de    | 0   | 96  | 0   | 72    | 103 |     |     | 11  |
| San Diego       | 9/1 | 0.8 | 9/1 |       |     |     |     | .91 |
|                 | 640 |     | 658 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Bahía Honda     | 0   | 98  | 0   | 43    | 58  |     |     | 4   |
|                 | 9/1 | 6.2 | 9/1 |       |     |     |     | .64 |
|                 | 800 |     | 445 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Florida**     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **International |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| Civil Aviation  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| Organization    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| (ICAO) Sites**  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Boca Chica NAS  |     |     | 0   | 39    | 52  |     |     |     |
| (KNQX)          |     |     | 9/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 736 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Fort Myers      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 5   |
| (KFMY)          |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .01 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Hollywood       | 0   | 101 | 0   | 27    | 36  |     |     |     |
| (KHWO)          | 9/0 | 0.5 | 9/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 853 |     | 833 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Homestead       | 0   | 100 | 0   | 24    | 37  |     |     |     |
| (KHST)          | 9/1 | 9.5 | 9/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 917 |     | 141 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Key West (KEYW) | 0   | 100 | 0   | 45    | 52  |     |     | 2   |
|                 | 9/2 | 4.4 | 9/1 |       |     |     |     | .31 |
|                 | 051 |     | 747 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Marathon (KMTH) | 0   | 100 | 0   | 30    | 43  |     |     | 2   |
|                 | 9/0 | 5.4 | 9/0 |       |     |     |     | .47 |
|                 | 836 |     | 906 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Opa Locka       | 0   | 100 | 1   | 34    | 40  |     |     |     |
| (KOPF)          | 9/0 | 9.8 | 0/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 853 |     | 040 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| St. Petersburg  | 0   | 101 | 1   | 20    | 40  |     |     |     |
| (KSPG)          | 9/1 | 0.0 | 0/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 953 |     | 153 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| West Kendall    | 0   | 100 | 0   | 28    | 36  |     |     |     |
| (KTMB)          | 9/0 | 8.8 | 9/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 853 |     | 657 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **RAWS**^f^     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Big Pine Key -- |     |     | 0   | 21    | 38  |     |     |     |
| Key Deer NWR    |     |     | 9/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
| (TS607)         |     |     | 338 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Big Pine Key    |     |     | 0   | 27    | 36  |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 9/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 350 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Ochopee 2 NE    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 6   |
| (OCOF1)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .33 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **CWOP**^g^     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Cudjoe Key      | 0   | 100 | 0   | 30    | 42  |     |     |     |
| (CW0925)        | 9/0 | 4.4 | 9/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 931 |     | 311 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Long Key        | 0   | 100 | 0   | 44    | 55  |     |     | 2   |
| (CW0922)        | 9/0 | 5.4 | 9/1 |       |     |     |     | .37 |
|                 | 830 |     | 040 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Ramrod Key      | 0   | 100 | 0   | 32    | 43  |     |     |     |
| (CW0924)        | 9/0 | 4.3 | 9/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 830 |     | 311 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **SFWMD**^h^    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Belle Glade     |     |     | 0   | 20^e^ | 35  |     |     |     |
| (BELLW)         |     |     | 9/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 800 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Chokoloskee     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 5   |
| (BCA19)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .98 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Far NW          |     |     | 0   | 25^e^ | 37  |     |     |     |
| Miami-Dade      |     |     | 9/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
| County (G3ASWX) |     |     | 515 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Far Western     |     |     | 0   | 20^e^ | 35  |     |     |     |
| Broward County  |     |     | 9/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
| (S140W)         |     |     | 845 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Loxahatchee     |     |     | 0   | 20^e^ | 34  |     |     |     |
| Wildlife Refuge |     |     | 9/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
| (LXWS)          |     |     | 700 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Redland (S331W) |     |     | 0   | 25^e^ | 36  |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 9/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 515 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **WeatherFlow** |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| South Key Largo |     |     | 0   | 27    | 39  |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 9/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 905 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Upper Matecumbe |     |     | 0   | 37    | 53  |     |     |     |
| Key             |     |     | 9/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 255 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| USCGG Key West  |     |     | 0   | 33    | 50  |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 9/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 310 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Other**       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Medley (XURB)   |     |     | 0   | 25^e^ | 38  |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 9/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 455 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| NWS Key West    |     |     | 0   |       | 57  |     |     |     |
| (KKEY)          |     |     | 9/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 820 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Sunshine Skyway |     |     | 0   |       | 52  |     |     |     |
| Bridge          |     |     | 9/2 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 036 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Marine**      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Belle Meade     |     |     | 0   | 20^e^ | 34  |     |     |     |
| (XCAP)          |     |     | 9/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 600 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Big Carlos Pass | 1   | 101 | 1   | 25    | 35  |     |     |     |
| COMPS           | 0/1 | 0.0 | 0/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 800 |     | 100 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Cedar Key       |     |     |     |       |     | 2   | 5   |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     | .00 | .80 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Clearwater      |     |     |     |       |     | 1   | 4   |     |
| Beach           |     |     |     |       |     | .90 | .80 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| COMPS Buoy      | 1   | 100 | 0   | 31    | 34  |     |     |     |
| (C10)           | 0/2 | 9.0 | 9/2 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 120 |     | 140 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Deering Bay     |     |     | 0   | 25^e^ | 37  |     |     |     |
| (XCUT)          |     |     | 9/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 545 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Destin (EPSF1)  |     |     |     |       |     | 2   | 3   |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     | .45 | .95 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Everglades City |     |     | 1   | 27    | 43  |     |     |     |
| (KEGC)          |     |     | 0/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 045 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Flamingo (KFLM) |     |     | 0   | 45    | 55  |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 9/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 246 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Fowey Rocks     |     |     | 0   | 35    | 44  |     |     |     |
| (FWYF1)         |     |     | 9/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 210 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Key West Harbor |     |     |     |       |     | 1   | 2   |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     | .20 | .20 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Long Key Light  | 0   | 100 | 0   | 34    | 50  |     |     |     |
| (LONF1)         | 9/0 | 6.7 | 9/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 900 |     | 500 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Marco Island    |     |     | 0   |       | 34  |     |     |     |
| (Mesonet)       |     |     | 9/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 600 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Molasses Reef   | 0   | 100 | 0   | 40    | 49  |     |     |     |
| Light (MLRF1)   | 9/0 | 7.0 | 9/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 900 |     | 700 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Naples          |     |     |     |       |     | 2   | 3   |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     | .23 | .15 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| NOAA Buoy 42036 | 1   | 100 | 1   | 29    | 35  |     |     |     |
|                 | 0/2 | 9.5 | 1/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 150 |     | 450 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Pensacola       |     |     |     |       |     | 2   | 4   |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     | .87 | .34 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Pulaski Shoal   | 0   | 100 | 0   | 51    | 65  |     |     |     |
| Light (PLSF1)   | 9/2 | 1.1 | 9/2 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 200 |     | 210 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Saint           |     |     |     |       |     | 1   | 4   |     |
| Petersburg      |     |     |     |       |     | .80 | .20 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Sand Key Light  | 0   | 100 | 0   | 55    | 76  |     |     |     |
| (SANF1)         | 9/2 | 4.5 | 9/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 000 |     | 610 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Sombrero Key    | 0   | 100 | 0   | 48    | 61  | 0   | 1   |     |
| Light (SMKF1)   | 9/1 | 4.5 | 9/0 |       |     | .50 | .70 |     |
|                 | 000 |     | 310 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Turkey Point    |     |     | 0   | 25^e^ | 37  |     |     |     |
| (XTKY)          |     |     | 9/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 455 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Vaca Key NOS    | 0   | 100 | 0   | 26    | 39  | 1   | 1   |     |
| (VCAF1)         | 9/0 | 5.8 | 9/0 |       |     | .00 | .20 |     |
|                 | 836 |     | 142 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Virginia Key    |     |     | 0   | 36    | 44  | 1   | 1   |     |
| (KVIK)          |     |     | 9/1 |       |     | .15 | .86 |     |
|                 |     |     | 347 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Alabama**     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Marine**      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Bayou La Batre  |     |     |     |       |     | 3   | 5   |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     | .93 | .43 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Dauphin Island  | 1   | 101 | 1   | 37    | 56  | 3   | 4   |     |
| (DPIA1)         | 2/2 | 1.0 | 1/1 |       |     | .12 | .50 |     |
|                 | 205 |     | 550 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Fort Morgan     |     |     |     |       |     | 6   | 7   |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     | .25 | .75 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Mobile          |     |     |     |       |     | 2   | 4   |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     | .98 | .48 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Mobile Coast    |     |     |     |       |     | 2   | 5   |     |
| Guard Sector    |     |     |     |       |     | .82 | .25 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Mobile State    |     |     |     |       |     | 3   | 4   |     |
| Docks           |     |     |     |       |     | .20 | .83 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| NOAA Buoy 42040 | 1   | 100 | 1   | 34    | 47  |     |     |     |
|                 | 1/2 | 6.0 | 1/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 050 |     | 150 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Mississippi** |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **ICAO Sites**  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Biloxi (KBIX)   | 1   | 101 | 1   | 28    | 39  |     |     |     |
|                 | 2/1 | 0.4 | 2/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 018 |     | 138 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Gulfport (KGPT) | 1   | 100 | 1   | 32    | 42  |     |     | 0   |
|                 | 2/2 | 9.1 | 2/1 |       |     |     |     | .03 |
|                 | 122 |     | 236 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Pascagoula      | 1   | 101 | 1   | 24    | 34  |     |     | 0   |
| (KPQL)          | 2/2 | 0.8 | 1/1 |       |     |     |     | .12 |
|                 | 206 |     | 621 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Marine**      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Bay - Waveland  |     |     |     |       |     | 5   | 7   |     |
| Yacht Club      |     |     |     |       |     | .81 | .62 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Gulfport        |     |     |     |       |     | 2   | 4   |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     | .58 | .51 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Pascagoula NOAA |     |     |     |       |     | 3   | 5   |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     | .89 | .34 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Louisiana**   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **ICAO Sites**  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Abbeville       | 1   | 99  | 1   | 30    | 48  |     |     |     |
| (K0R3)          | 2/2 | 9.7 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 200 |     | 700 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Acadiana        | 1   | 100 | 1   | 31    | 42  |     |     |     |
| (KARA)^i^       | 3/2 | 0.3 | 3/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 156 |     | 605 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Alexandria      | 1   | 100 | 1   | 33    | 43  |     |     | 2   |
| (KAEX)^i^       | 3/1 | 0.7 | 3/1 |       |     |     |     | .17 |
|                 | 146 |     | 528 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Alexandria -    | 1   | 100 | 1   | 27    | 39  |     |     | 1   |
| Esler (KESF)    | 3/1 | 2.0 | 3/1 |       |     |     |     | .85 |
|                 | 334 |     | 624 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Barksdale AFB   | 1   | 99  | 1   | 34    | 44  |     |     | 1   |
| (KBAD)          | 3/2 | 4.6 | 3/2 |       |     |     |     | .63 |
|                 | 210 |     | 130 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Baton Rouge     | 1   | 100 | 1   | 31    | 45  |     |     |     |
| (KBTR)          | 2/2 | 3.7 | 2/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 130 |     | 132 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Belle Chasse    | 1   | 100 | 1   | 30    | 46  |     |     |     |
| NAS (KNBG)      | 2/2 | 6.5 | 2/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 252 |     | 149 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| De Ridder       | 1   | 99  | 1   | 29    | 45  |     |     |     |
| (KDRI)          | 3/1 | 6.5 | 3/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 101 |     | 200 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Fort Polk       | 1   | 99  | 1   | 34    | 49  |     |     |     |
| (KPOE)          | 3/1 | 7.3 | 3/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 240 |     | 319 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Fort Polk       | 1   | 99  | 1   | 29    | 43  |     |     |     |
| (KDNK)          | 3/1 | 7.6 | 3/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 303 |     | 922 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Galliano        |     |     | 1   | 28    | 38  |     |     |     |
| (KGAO)^i^       |     |     | 1/2 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 102 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Hammond (KHDC)  |     |     | 1   | 32    | 42  |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 2/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 116 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Houma (KHUM)^i^ |     |     | 1   | 31    | 44  |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 2/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 850 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Lafayette       | 1   | 100 | 1   | 26    | 42  |     |     | 2   |
| (KLFT)          | 3/2 | 0.7 | 3/1 |       |     |     |     | .21 |
|                 | 242 |     | 437 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Lake Charles -  | 1   | 99  | 1   | 36    | 42  |     |     |     |
| Chennault       | 3/0 | 7.7 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
| (KCWF)^i^       | 600 |     | 600 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Lake Charles    | 1   | 99  | 1   | 46    | 67  |     |     | 1   |
| (KLCH)          | 3/0 | 5.3 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     | .93 |
|                 | 642 |     | 842 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Monroe (KMLU)   | 1   | 100 | 1   | 26    | 35  |     |     | 1   |
|                 | 3/2 | 2.4 | 4/0 |       |     |     |     | .39 |
|                 | 237 |     | 237 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| New Orleans     | 1   | 100 | 1   | 35    | 50  |     |     | 1   |
| Intl Airport    | 2/2 | 5.8 | 2/1 |       |     |     |     | .55 |
| (KMSY)          | 244 |     | 217 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| New Orleans     | 1   | 100 | 1   | 44    | 60  |     |     | 1   |
| Lakefront       | 2/2 | 6.1 | 2/1 |       |     |     |     | .28 |
| (KNEW)          | 302 |     | 045 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Oakdale (KACP)  | 1   | 99  | 1   | 22    | 37  |     |     |     |
|                 | 3/1 | 9.9 | 3/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 000 |     | 900 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Patterson       | 1   | 100 | 1   | 26    | 38  |     |     |     |
| (KPTN)^i^       | 2/2 | 2.1 | 3/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 155 |     | 055 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Salt Point      | 1   | 100 | 1   | 21    | 36  |     |     |     |
| (KP92)^i^       | 2/1 | 2.4 | 2/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 253 |     | 453 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Shreveport      | 1   | 99  | 1   | 30    | 48  |     |     |     |
| Downtown (KDTN) | 3/2 | 4.0 | 3/2 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 153 |     | 253 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Shreveport      | 1   | 99  | 1   | 33    | 49  |     |     | 1   |
| (KSHV)          | 3/2 | 2.9 | 3/2 |       |     |     |     | .09 |
|                 | 202 |     | 316 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Slidell (KASD)  | 1   | 100 | 1   | 25    | 39  |     |     |     |
|                 | 2/2 | 7.5 | 2/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 149 |     | 925 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Sulphur         | 1   | 99  | 1   | 34    | 54  |     |     |     |
| (KUXL)^i^       | 3/0 | 4.6 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 758 |     | 720 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **RAWS**^f^     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Caney (CANL1)   |     |     | 1   |       | 38  |     |     | 0   |
|                 |     |     | 3/2 |       |     |     |     | .62 |
|                 |     |     | 258 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Gum Springs     |     |     | 1   |       | 38  |     |     | 2   |
| (GUML1)         |     |     | 3/1 |       |     |     |     | .26 |
|                 |     |     | 809 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Hackberry       |     |     | 1   | 42    | 60  |     |     | 2   |
| (HCKL1)^i^      |     |     | 3/0 |       |     |     |     | .63 |
|                 |     |     | 400 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Holmwood        |     |     | 1   | 40    | 58  |     |     | 3   |
| (CLCL1)         |     |     | 3/0 |       |     |     |     | .93 |
|                 |     |     | 700 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Lacassine       |     |     | 1   | 33    | 49  |     |     | 3   |
| (LACL1)         |     |     | 3/1 |       |     |     |     | .30 |
|                 |     |     | 100 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **LAIS**^j^     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Alexandria      |     |     | 1   |       | 46  |     |     | 4   |
| (ALDL1)         |     |     | 3/1 |       |     |     |     | .18 |
|                 |     |     | 500 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Crowley (CRRL1) |     |     | 1   |       | 45  |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 3/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 300 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Jeanerette      |     |     | 1   |       | 45  |     |     | 1   |
| (JNRL1)         |     |     | 2/2 |       |     |     |     | .78 |
|                 |     |     | 100 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Lake Charles    |     |     | 1   |       | 55  |     |     | 2   |
| (LCPL1)         |     |     | 3/1 |       |     |     |     | .59 |
|                 |     |     | 000 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Port Barre      |     |     | 1   |       | 40  |     |     | 2   |
| (RDRL1)         |     |     | 3/1 |       |     |     |     | .30 |
|                 |     |     | 600 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Rosepine        |     |     | 1   |       | 49  |     |     | 1   |
| (RPRL1)         |     |     | 3/1 |       |     |     |     | .72 |
|                 |     |     | 400 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Other**       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Arcadia         |     |     |     |       | 52  |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Bellwood        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 5   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .50 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Benton          |     |     |     |       | 45  |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Caillou Lake    |     |     | 1   |       | 48  |     |     |     |
| USGS (DCLL1)^i^ |     |     | 2/2 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 030 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Natchitoches    |     |     |     |       | 54  |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Marine**      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Amerada Pass    | 1   | 99  | 1   | 35    | 49  | 6   | 8   |     |
| (AMRL1)         | 2/2 | 9.2 | 2/1 |       |     | .75 | .02 |     |
|                 | 100 |     | 424 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Barataria --    |     |     |     |       |     | 4   | 5   |     |
| Lafitte         |     |     |     |       |     | .70 | .11 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Bayou Bienvenue |     |     |     |       |     | 7   | 8   |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     | .70 | .16 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Bayou Dupre     |     |     |     |       |     | 6   | 7   |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     | .90 | .44 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Bayou Grand     |     |     |     |       |     | 7   | 7   |     |
| Caillou         |     |     |     |       |     | .00 | .45 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Caillou Lake SW |     |     |     |       |     | 7   | 7   |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     | .30 | .80 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Calcasieu Pass  | 1   | 98  | 1   | 61    | 75  | 9   | 11  |     |
| (CAPL1)         | 3/0 | 9.5 | 3/0 |       |     | .80 | .80 |     |
|                 | 936 |     | 818 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Freshwater      |     |     |     |       |     | 9   | 10  |     |
| Canal Locks     |     |     |     |       |     | .91 | .08 |     |
| (8766072)       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Grand Isle      | 1   | 100 | 1   | 29    | 45  | 3   | 5   |     |
| (GISL1)         | 2/2 | 6.4 | 2/1 |       |     | .85 | .22 |     |
|                 | 030 |     | 730 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Lake            |     |     | 1   | 37    | 49  | 5   | 6   |     |
| Pontchartrain   |     |     | 2/1 |       |     | .70 | .02 |     |
| -- Mid-Lake     |     |     | 010 |       |     |     |     |     |
| (MDLL1)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Lake            |     |     |     |       |     | 3   | 4   |     |
| Pontchartrain   |     |     |     |       |     | .80 | .24 |     |
| -- Rigolets     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Lake            |     |     |     |       |     | 5   | 5   |     |
| Pontchartrain   |     |     |     |       |     | .00 | .40 |     |
| -- West End     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Mandeville      |     |     |     |       |     | 5   | 6   |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     | .80 | .19 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Marsh Island    | 1   | 99  | 1   | 47    | 64  |     |     |     |
| (MRSL1)         | 2/2 | 5.5 | 2/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 200 |     | 800 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| NOAA Buoy 42007 | 1   | 100 | 1   | 31    | 41  |     |     |     |
|                 | 1/2 | 8.3 | 2/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 050 |     | 120 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Port Fourchon   |     |     |     |       |     | 4   | 5   |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     | .17 | .58 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Shell Beach     | 1   | 100 | 1   | 23    | 30  | 6   | 7   |     |
| (SHBL1)         | 2/0 | 5.5 | 2/1 |       |     | .51 | .80 |     |
|                 | 948 |     | 012 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Southwest Pass  | 1   | 100 | 1   | 48    | 53  | 3   | 4   |     |
| -- Pilot's      | 2/0 | 4.6 | 2/0 |       |     | .16 | .71 |     |
| Station E       | 924 |     | 630 |       |     |     |     |     |
| (PSTL1)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Tesoro Marine   |     |     |     |       |     | 4   | 4   |     |
| Terminal        |     |     |     |       |     | .31 | .64 |     |
| (8764044)       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Texas**       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **ICAO Sites**  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Angleton /      | 1   | 97  | 1   | 32    | 49  |     |     |     |
| Brazoria        | 3/0 | 4.6 | 2/2 |       |     |     |     |     |
| (KLBX)^i^       | 753 |     | 353 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Bay City (KBYY) | 1   | 98  | 1   | 33    | 46  |     |     |     |
|                 | 3/0 | 5.8 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 625 |     | 625 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Beaumont (KBPT) | 1   | 98  | 1   | 61    | 83  |     |     | 5   |
|                 | 3/0 | 2.4 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     | .45 |
|                 | 905 |     | 814 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Brenham (K11R)  | 1   | 98  | 1   | 33    | 44  |     |     |     |
|                 | 3/1 | 7.5 | 3/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 148 |     | 212 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| College Station | 1   | 98  | 1   | 30    | 43  |     |     | 3   |
| (KCLL)          | 3/1 | 5.8 | 3/1 |       |     |     |     | .45 |
|                 | 338 |     | 153 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Conroe          | 1   | 96  | 1   | 36    | 52  |     |     |     |
| (KCXO)^i^       | 3/1 | 2.4 | 3/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 153 |     | 002 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Corsicana       | 1   | 98  | 1   | 34    | 44  |     |     | 1   |
| (KCRS)          | 3/1 | 7.8 | 3/1 |       |     |     |     | .56 |
|                 | 845 |     | 543 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Galveston       | 1   | 100 | 1   | 24    | 33  |     |     |     |
| (KGLS)^i^       | 3/1 | 2.3 | 3/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 652 |     | 652 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Houston / Bush  | 1   | 96  | 1   | 49    | 57  |     |     |     |
| (KIAH)          | 3/1 | 1.1 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 011 |     | 951 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Houston / D.W.  | 1   | 96  | 1   | 28    | 47  |     |     |     |
| Hooks (KDWH)^i^ | 3/1 | 7.5 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 053 |     | 840 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Houston / Hobby | 1   | 96  | 1   | 65    | 80  |     |     |     |
| (KHOU)^i^       | 3/0 | 0.0 | 3/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 853 |     | 102 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Huntsville      | 1   | 96  | 1   | 29    | 50  |     |     | 4   |
| (KUTS)          | 3/1 | 8.2 | 3/1 |       |     |     |     | .90 |
|                 | 344 |     | 316 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Longview        | 1   | 98  | 1   | 32    | 49  |     |     |     |
| (KGGG)^i^       | 3/2 | 4.1 | 3/2 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 053 |     | 009 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Lufkin          | 1   | 98  | 1   | 34    | 60  |     |     | 2   |
| (KLFK)^i^       | 3/1 | 2.5 | 3/1 |       |     |     |     | .59 |
|                 | 353 |     | 239 |       |     |     |     | ^e^ |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Orange          | 1   | 99  | 1   | 34    | 44  |     |     |     |
| (KORG)^i^       | 3/0 | 4.6 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 326 |     | 326 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Palacios (KPSX) | 1   | 99  | 1   | 30    | 43  |     |     |     |
|                 | 3/0 | 1.2 | 2/2 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 753 |     | 353 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Palestine       | 1   | 99  | 1   | 23    | 34  |     |     |     |
| (KPSN)^i^       | 3/1 | 1.2 | 3/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 328 |     | 308 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Paris (KPRX)    | 1   | 98  | 1   | 25    | 35  |     |     | 2   |
|                 | 3/2 | 8.5 | 4/0 |       |     |     |     | .17 |
|                 | 355 |     | 015 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Pearland        | 1   | 98  | 1   | 37    | 56  |     |     |     |
| (KLVJ)^i^       | 3/0 | 2.4 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 453 |     | 419 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Port Lavaca     | 1   | 99  | 1   | 29    | 36  |     |     |     |
| (KPKV)          | 3/0 | 3.9 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 826 |     | 326 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Sugarland       | 1   | 99  | 1   | 37    | 47  |     |     |     |
| (KSGR)^i^       | 3/0 | 1.2 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 353 |     | 353 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Sulphur Springs | 1   | 98  | 1   | 28    | 35  |     |     |     |
| (KSLR)          | 3/2 | 7.5 | 3/2 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 227 |     | 347 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Terrell (KTRL)  | 1   | 98  | 1   | 29    | 39  |     |     | 1   |
|                 | 3/2 | 9.2 | 3/1 |       |     |     |     | .82 |
|                 | 103 |     | 733 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Tyler (KTYR)    | 1   | 97  | 1   | 28    | 40  |     |     | 2   |
|                 | 3/2 | 6.9 | 3/2 |       |     |     |     | .69 |
|                 | 053 |     | 007 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Victoria (KVCT) | 1   | 99  | 1   | 25    | 34  |     |     |     |
|                 | 3/0 | 3.9 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 847 |     | 720 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Wharton (KARM)  | 1   | 98  | 1   | 34    | 44  |     |     |     |
|                 | 3/0 | 7.5 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 840 |     | 840 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **RAWS**^f^     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Anahuac         |     |     | 1   | 47    | 63  |     |     |     |
| (TR474)^i^      |     |     | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 559 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Attwater NWR    |     |     | 1   | 28    | 40  |     |     |     |
| (ANWT2)         |     |     | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 956 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Brazoria NWR    |     |     | 1   | 34    | 62  |     |     |     |
| (BZRT2)         |     |     | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 809 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Buna (KRBT2)    |     |     | 1   | 28    | 56  |     |     | 6   |
|                 |     |     | 3/1 |       |     |     |     | .62 |
|                 |     |     | 400 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Conroe (CKNT2)  |     |     | 1   | 20    | 49  |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 3/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 503 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Coldsprings     |     |     | 1   | 13    | 41  |     |     |     |
| (CPGT2)         |     |     | 3/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 002 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Dayton (TR968)  |     |     | 1   | 45    | 68  |     |     | 11  |
|                 |     |     | 3/1 |       |     |     |     | .88 |
|                 |     |     | 207 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Henderson       |     |     | 1   |       | 49  |     |     | 2   |
| (HDRT2)         |     |     | 3/2 |       |     |     |     | .05 |
|                 |     |     | 106 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Linden (DENT2)  |     |     | 1   |       | 35  |     |     | 2   |
|                 |     |     | 4/0 |       |     |     |     | .17 |
|                 |     |     | 005 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Lufkin (LRWT2)  |     |     | 1   |       | 42  |     |     | 2   |
|                 |     |     | 3/1 |       |     |     |     | .59 |
|                 |     |     | 603 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Sabine Pass     |     |     | 1   | 34    | 44  |     |     | 0   |
| (FADT2)^i^      |     |     | 2/2 |       |     |     |     | .10 |
|                 |     |     | 300 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Sabine South    |     |     | 1   |       | 36  |     |     | 4   |
| (SSRT2)         |     |     | 3/1 |       |     |     |     | .19 |
|                 |     |     | 907 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| San Bernard     |     |     | 1   | 28    | 49  |     |     |     |
| (SRDT2)         |     |     | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 807 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Texarkana       |     |     | 1   |       | 35  |     |     | 2   |
| (TEXT2)         |     |     | 4/0 |       |     |     |     | .45 |
|                 |     |     | 104 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Warren (WRRT2)  |     |     | 1   | 21    | 46  |     |     | 5   |
|                 |     |     | 3/1 |       |     |     |     | .40 |
|                 |     |     | 500 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Woodville       |     |     | 1   | 30    | 59  |     |     | 7   |
| (WVLT2)         |     |     | 3/1 |       |     |     |     | .11 |
|                 |     |     | 400 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **AWS**^k^      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Brenham (BRENH) | 1   | 98  | 1   | 17    | 38  |     |     |     |
|                 | 3/1 | 8.1 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 029 |     | 959 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Damon           | 1   | 97  | 1   | 30    | 56  |     |     |     |
| (DAMON)^i^      | 3/0 | 8.0 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 814 |     | 659 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Freeport        | 1   | 97  | 1   | 42    | 66  |     |     |     |
| (FRPAL)         | 3/0 | 1.6 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 644 |     | 659 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Galveston       | 1   | 99  | 1   | 40    | 57  |     |     |     |
| (GLVST)^i^      | 2/2 | 3.9 | 2/2 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 114 |     | 114 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Houston         | 1   | 98  | 1   | 16    | 41  |     |     |     |
| (HSSLS)^i^      | 3/0 | 8.1 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 544 |     | 444 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Houston         | 1   | 98  | 1   | 21    | 35  |     |     |     |
| (HSTN0)^i^      | 3/0 | 5.8 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 643 |     | 614 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Livingston      | 1   | 97  | 1   | 23    | 44  |     |     |     |
| (LVING)^i^      | 3/1 | 9.0 | 3/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 028 |     | 014 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Prairie View    | 1   | 98  | 1   | 23    | 48  |     |     |     |
| (PRRV2)         | 3/1 | 0.4 | 3/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 114 |     | 214 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Spring (TWOOD)  | 1   | 97  | 1   | 6     | 38  |     |     |     |
|                 | 3/0 | 4.6 | 2/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 928 |     | 814 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **TBCD**^l^     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Anahuac (2150)  | 1   | 96  | 1   | 52    | 73  |     |     | 7   |
|                 | 3/0 | 2.8 | 3/1 |       |     |     |     | .16 |
|                 | 745 |     | 026 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Anahuac         | 1   | 97  | 1   | 51    | 52  |     |     | 1   |
| (2550)^i^       | 3/0 | 8.7 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     | .68 |
|                 | 448 |     | 448 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Baytown (7050)  | 1   | 96  | 1   | 28    | 44  |     |     | 6   |
|                 | 3/0 | 2.8 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     | .84 |
|                 | 726 |     | 745 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Baytown (7150)  | 1   | 96  | 1   | 52    | 62  |     |     |     |
|                 | 3/0 | 2.8 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 821 |     | 753 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Baytown (7151)  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .20 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Hankamer (6050) | 1   | 96  | 1   | 67    | 73  |     |     | 5   |
|                 | 3/0 | 2.8 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     | .64 |
|                 | 856 |     | 928 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Winnie (5250)   | 1   | 97  | 1   | 39    | 50  |     |     | 8   |
|                 | 3/0 | 2.2 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     | .28 |
|                 | 609 |     | 820 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **TCOON**^m^    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Port Arthur     |     |     | 1   | 47    | 73  | 11  | 11  |     |
| (8770475)       |     |     | 3/0 |       |     | .25 | .93 |     |
|                 |     |     | 654 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Rainbow Bridge  |     |     |     |       |     | 9   | 9   |     |
| (8770520)       |     |     |     |       |     | .29 | .69 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Sabine Pass     |     |     |     |       |     | 12  | 14  |     |
| (8770570)       |     |     |     |       |     | .54 | .24 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Texas Point     |     |     | 1   | 57    | 80  | 11  | 13  |     |
| (8770520)^i^    |     |     | 3/0 |       |     | .79 | .37 |     |
|                 |     |     | 406 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **TTUHRT**^n^   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Anahuac (0103A) | 1   | 95  | 1   | 59    | 74  |     |     |     |
|                 | 3/0 | 5.4 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 923 |     | 746 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Beaumont 5 SW   | 1   | 97  | 1   | 53    | 66  |     |     |     |
| (0108B)         | 3/0 | 7.3 | 3/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 855 |     | 106 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| China 5 ESE     | 1   | 97  | 1   | 58    | 73  |     |     |     |
| (0111A)         | 3/0 | 5.7 | 3/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 937 |     | 033 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Danbury (0220B) | 1   | 96  | 1   | 54    | 66  |     |     |     |
|                 | 3/0 | 5.3 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 743 |     | 650 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Devers (0218B)  | 1   | 95  | 1   | 59    | 72  |     |     |     |
|                 | 3/0 | 7.2 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 909 |     | 910 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Fannett 2 N     | 1   | 97  | 1   | 52    | 64  |     |     |     |
| (0107A)         | 3/0 | 1.4 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 903 |     | 708 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Felicia (0112A) | 1   | 96  | 1   | 55    | 67  |     |     |     |
|                 | 3/0 | 8.0 | 3/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 936 |     | 045 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Hamshire 2 S    | 1   | 96  | 1   | 56    | 73  |     |     |     |
| (0105A)         | 3/0 | 5.7 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 925 |     | 830 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Hankamer        | 1   | 96  | 1   | 69    | 83  |     |     |     |
| (0104B)         | 3/0 | 0.6 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 828 |     | 710 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Hankamer        | 1   | 95  | 1   | 64    | 95  |     |     |     |
| (0216B)         | 3/0 | 7.1 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 901 |     | 718 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Hankamer        | 1   | 96  | 1   | 55    | 76  |     |     |     |
| (0217A)         | 3/0 | 4.2 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 907 |     | 837 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Hankamer        | 1   | 96  | 1   | 62    | 78  |     |     |     |
| (0222B)         | 3/0 | 0.2 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 912 |     | 901 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Hankamer        | 1   | 95  | 1   | 53    | 68  |     |     |     |
| (0224B)         | 3/0 | 6.8 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 903 |     | 800 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Liverpool       | 1   | 95  | 1   | 53    | 69  |     |     |     |
| (0214B)         | 3/0 | 6.3 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 745 |     | 639 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Nome 6 SSE      | 1   | 96  | 1   | 59    | 72  |     |     |     |
| (0106B)         | 3/0 | 7.0 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 847 |     | 829 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Port Bolivar    | 1   | 95  | 1   | 64    | 76  |     |     |     |
| (0110A)         | 3/0 | 0.7 | 3/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 759 |     | 016 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Raywood (0109A) | 1   | 95  | 1   | 61    | 82  |     |     |     |
|                 | 3/0 | 8.7 | 3/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 942 |     | 123 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Winnie (0102B)  | 1   | 96  | 1   | 55    | 73  |     |     |     |
|                 | 3/0 | 3.7 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 833 |     | 844 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Winnie          | 1   | 96  | 1   | 71    | 80  |     |     |     |
| (0213A)^i^      | 3/0 | 5.6 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 940 |     | 752 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Winnie (0223A)  | 1   | 96  | 1   | 55    | 70  |     |     |     |
|                 | 3/0 | 4.2 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 908 |     | 859 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **WeatherFlow** |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Crab Lake --    |     |     | 1   | 83    | 97  |     |     |     |
| Bolivar         |     |     | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 555 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Houston -       |     |     | 1   | 50    | 65  |     |     |     |
| Chinatown       |     |     | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 800 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Kemah           |     |     | 1   | 53    | 66  |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 3/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 045 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| New Territory   |     |     | 1   | 41    | 59  |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 820 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Pierce Junction |     |     | 1   | 60    | 76  |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 824 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Rosharon        |     |     | 1   | 50    | 70  |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 447 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Texas City      |     |     | 1   | 60    | 77  |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 522 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Other**       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Addicks         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
| (BAKT2)^i^      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .97 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Addicks (LLYT2) |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 9   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .90 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Aldine          |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
| (HGBT2)^i^      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .28 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Barrett         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 6   |
| (SHLT2)^i^      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .42 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Beaumont        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 10  |
| (BEAT2)^i^      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .50 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Beaumont        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 5   |
| (JYTT2)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .16 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Beaumont        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 5   |
| (JYUT2)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .55 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Beaumont        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 12  |
| (JYVT2)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .56 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Beaumont        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 5   |
| (JYWT2)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .87 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Beaumont        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 6   |
| (JZET2)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .70 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Beaumont        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
| (JZFT2)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .44 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Beaumont        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
| (JZGT2)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .94 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Beaumont        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 6   |
| (JZHT2)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .66 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Beaumont        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
| (JZIT2)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .60 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Beaumont        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 6   |
| (JZKT2)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .58 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Beaumont        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
| (JZLT2)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .08 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Beaumont        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 9   |
| (JZMT2)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .96 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Beaumont        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
| (JZRT2)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .52 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Bevil Oaks      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
| (JTWT2)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .12 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Bevil Oaks      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 6   |
| (JYNT2)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .61 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Bevil Oaks      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
| (JYOT2)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .68 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Bevil Oaks      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
| (JZCT2)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .05 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Bevil Oaks      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 6   |
| (JZDT2)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .46 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Bunker Hill     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 10  |
| Village (WSBT2) |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .10 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Dickinson       | 1   | 95  | 1   | 43    | 64  |     |     |     |
| (DCKNW)^i^      | 3/0 | 4.3 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 829 |     | 944 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Central Gardens |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
| (JZJT2)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .94 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| China (JYQT2)   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .39 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| China (JZST2)   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .59 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| China (JZUT2)   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .82 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Clear Lake      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 6   |
| Shores (CLCT2)  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .32 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Cleveland       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 5   |
| (CPGT2)^i^      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .94 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Cypress (LKLT2) |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .70 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Fannett (JZPT2) |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 6   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .30 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Fannett (JZQT2) |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 5   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .71 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Fannett (JZXT2) |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 6   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .06 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Friendswood     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 10  |
| (FNDT2)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .47 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Gary City       |     |     |     |       | 74  |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Groveton        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 5   |
| (WDLT2)^i^      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .42 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Hamshire        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
| (JYST2)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .41 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Hillcrest       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 12  |
| (ALVT2)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .02 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Hilshire        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 11  |
| Village (DEHT2) |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .01 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Hockley (KHOT2) |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 5   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .66 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Hooks Apt.      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
| (KYKT2)^i^      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .05 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Hooks Apt.      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 10  |
| (STUT2)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .67 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Houston (BBST2) |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 12  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .40 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Houston (BKHT2) |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 12  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .13 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Houston (BSFT2) |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 10  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .82 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Houston (C9180) | 1   | 96  | 1   | 51    | 83  |     |     |     |
|                 | 3/0 | 7.8 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 928 |     | 928 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Houston (ELBT2) |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 17  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .59 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Houston         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 5   |
| (HABT2)^i^      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .00 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Houston (HBMT2) |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 10  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .44 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Houston         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 10  |
| (HTGT2)^i^      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .16 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Houston (MGOT2) |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 10  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .31 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Houston (MRFT2) |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 11  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .22 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Houston (RLPT2) |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .85 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Houston (SMWT2) |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 10  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .67 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Houston (VGBT2) |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 12  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .83 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Houston         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 5   |
| (WSHT2)^i^      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .78 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Humble (HMMT2)  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 10  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .79 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Jacksonville    |     |     |     |       | 53  |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Jersey Village  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 11  |
| (FHNT2)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .14 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Jersey Village  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
| (JVLT2)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .86 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Jersey Village  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 9   |
| (SUMT2)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .14 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Katy (BBKT2)    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .65 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Katy (SMAT2)^i^ |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .76 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Livingston      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
| (LIVT2)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .17 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Lumberton       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
| (LLBT2)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .37 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Lumberton       |     |     | 1   |       | 72  |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 955 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Meyerland       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
| (WWHT2)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .82 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Nederland       |     |     | 1   |       | 89  |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 727 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Nome (JZAT2)    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .03 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Nome (JZBT2)    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 9   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .37 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Nome (JZWT2)    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 10  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .63 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| North Cleveland |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 6   |
| (CVLT2)^i^      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .90 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| North Cleveland |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
| (CLDT2)^i^      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .47 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Port Arthur     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
| (JYHT2)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .15 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Port Arthur     |     |     | 1   |       | 92  |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 925 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| San Leon        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 13  |
| (MOKT2)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .92 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Saratoga        |     |     | 1   |       | 77  |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 3/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 013 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Shenandoah      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 9   |
| (CFKT2)^i^      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .43 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Shenandoah      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 14  |
| (CKNT2)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .46 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Sour Lake       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 6   |
| (JYMT2)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .62 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| South Houston   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
| (BFOT2)^i^      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .31 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Spring Valley   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 9   |
| (BSBT2)^i^      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .68 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Stagecoach      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
| (HEGT2)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .54 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Sugar Land      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 5   |
| (SGLT2)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .75 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| The Woodlands   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 11  |
| (PBST2)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .71 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| The Woodlands   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 6   |
| (PGRT2)^i^      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .01 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Thicket (JYLT2) |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .11 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Town West       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 5   |
| (SGRT2)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .75 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Westbury        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
| (HWET2)^i^      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .25 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Wildwood        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 6   |
| (WWDT2)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .99 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Winnie          |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 10  |
| (GTOT2)^i^      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .47 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Marine**      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Battleship      |     |     |     |       |     | 6   | 7   |     |
| Texas SP        |     |     |     |       |     | .11 | .89 |     |
| (NP114)^i^      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Bob Hall Pier   |     |     |     |       |     | 3   | 5   |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     | .84 | .39 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Copano Bay      |     |     |     |       |     | 2   | 3   |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     | .86 | .41 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Eagle Point     |     |     |     |       |     | 10  | 11  |     |
| (EGPT2)         |     |     |     |       |     | .75 | .95 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Eagle Point     | 1   | 95  | 1   | 59    | 78  |     |     |     |
| (EPPT2)         | 3/0 | 4.3 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 748 |     | 606 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Entrance to     |     |     |     |       |     | 7   | 8   |     |
| Clear Lake      |     |     |     |       |     | .95 | .19 |     |
| (CLLT2)^i^      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Freeport        |     |     |     |       |     | 6   | 7   |     |
| (FCGT2)         |     |     |     |       |     | .25 | .42 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Freeport        |     |     | 1   | 51    | 76  |     |     |     |
| (FPPT2)         |     |     | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 524 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Galveston Bay   |     |     |     |       |     | 9   | 9   |     |
| Entrance        |     |     |     |       |     | .41 | .75 |     |
| (GNJT2)^i^      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Galveston       | 1   | 95  | 1   | 52    | 76  | 10  | 12  |     |
| Pleasure Pier   | 3/0 | 1.7 | 3/0 |       |     | .80 | .25 |     |
| (GPST2)         | 754 |     | 448 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Galveston Ship  |     |     | 1   | 51    | 67  |     |     |     |
| Channel North   |     |     | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
| Jetty (GSJT2)   |     |     | 218 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Ingleside       |     |     |     |       |     | 3   | 3   |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     | .20 | .83 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Manchester      |     |     |     |       |     | 11  | 12  |     |
| (TX035)         |     |     |     |       |     | .74 | .30 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Morgan Point    |     |     | 1   | 46    | 69  | 7   | 9   |     |
| (MGPT2)^i^      |     |     | 3/0 |       |     | .76 | .01 |     |
|                 |     |     | 612 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| NOAA Buoy 42019 | 1   | 98  | 1   | 42    | 56  |     |     |     |
|                 | 3/0 | 4.9 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 150 |     | 150 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| NOAA Buoy 42035 | 1   | 95  | 1   | 54    | 74  |     |     |     |
|                 | 3/0 | 2.1 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 450 |     | 850 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Packery Channel |     |     |     |       |     | 2   | 3   |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     | .89 | .27 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Port Aransas    |     |     |     |       |     | 3   | 4   |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     | .39 | .51 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Port Aransas    |     |     |     |       |     |     | 5   |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     | .37 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Port Lavaca     |     |     |     |       |     | 2   | 3   |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     | .92 | .86 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Port O'Connor   |     |     |     |       |     | 3   | 4   |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     | .53 | .24 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Port of         |     |     |     |       |     | 10  | 11  |     |
| Galveston Pier  |     |     |     |       |     | .25 | .38 |     |
| 21 (GTOT2)      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Rockport        |     |     |     |       |     | 2   | 2   |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     | .40 | .79 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Rollover Pass   |     |     |     |       |     | 11  | 11  |     |
| (ROLT2)^i^      |     |     |     |       |     | .06 | .23 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Sabine          | 1   | 97  | 1   | 65    | 86  |     |     |     |
| (SRST2)^i^      | 3/0 | 7.5 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 600 |     | 600 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Sabine Pass     | 1   | 98  | 1   | 61    | 83  |     |     |     |
| North (SBPT2)   | 3/0 | 3.8 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 718 |     | 548 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Seadrift        |     |     |     |       |     | 2   | 3   |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     | .77 | .26 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Texas State     |     |     |     |       |     | 3   | 3   |     |
| Aquarium        |     |     |     |       |     | .08 | .71 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| White Point     |     |     |     |       |     | 2   | 3   |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     | .68 | .44 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Arkansas**    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **ICAO Sites**  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Arkadelphia     | 1   | 99  | 1   | 24    | 37  |     |     |     |
| (KM89)          | 4/0 | 4.8 | 4/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 324 |     | 440 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Camden (KCDH)   | 1   | 99  | 1   | 23    | 49  |     |     |     |
|                 | 4/0 | 7.9 | 4/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 320 |     | 020 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| De Queen (KDEQ) | 1   | 98  | 1   | 25    | 34  |     |     | 1   |
|                 | 4/0 | 2.7 | 4/0 |       |     |     |     | .91 |
|                 | 216 |     | 522 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| El Dorado       | 1   | 99  | 1   | 23    | 41  |     |     | 1   |
| (KELD)          | 3/2 | 6.9 | 3/1 |       |     |     |     | .63 |
|                 | 339 |     | 819 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Hot Springs     | 1   | 99  | 1   | 25    | 43  |     |     | 1   |
| (KHOT)          | 4/0 | 2.2 | 4/0 |       |     |     |     | .58 |
|                 | 453 |     | 343 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Little Rock     | 1   | 99  | 1   | 28    | 40  |     |     | 0   |
| (KLIT)          | 4/0 | 6.2 | 4/0 |       |     |     |     | .96 |
|                 | 653 |     | 333 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Little Rock AFB | 1   | 99  | 1   | 27    | 36  |     |     | 1   |
| (KLRF)          | 4/0 | 6.6 | 4/0 |       |     |     |     | .39 |
|                 | 520 |     | 934 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Pine Bluff      | 1   | 99  | 1   | 26    | 40  |     |     | 0   |
| (KPBF)          | 4/0 | 4.4 | 4/0 |       |     |     |     | .92 |
|                 | 653 |     | 253 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Stuttgart       | 1   | 99  | 1   | 33    | 42  |     |     |     |
| (KSGT)          | 4/0 | 8.5 | 4/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 715 |     | 915 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Texarkana       | 1   | 98  | 1   | 34    | 49  |     |     | 1   |
| (KTXK)^i^       | 4/0 | 8.2 | 4/0 |       |     |     |     | .29 |
|                 | 053 |     | 037 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Other**       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Nashville       |     |     |     |       | 62  |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Saratoga        |     |     |     |       | 54  |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Offshore**    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| NOAA Buoy 41046 | 0   | 101 | 0   | 36    | 43  |     |     |     |
| -- East of      | 6/1 | 1.4 | 7/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
| Bahamas         | 950 |     | 228 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| NOAA Buoy 42001 | 1   | 95  | 1   | 59    | 76  |     |     |     |
| -- Central Gulf | 1/2 | 9.7 | 2/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
| of Mexico       | 050 |     | 240 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Shell Platform  | 1   | 96  | 1   | 109   |     |     |     |     |
| Auger           | 2/1 | 6.8 | 2/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
| (42361)^o,i^    | 145 |     | 145 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| TABS Buoy 42047 | 1   | 95  | 1   | 50    | 66  |     |     |     |
|                 | 2/2 | 6.6 | 2/2 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 130 |     | 330 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+

^a^ Date/time is for sustained wind when both sustained and gust are
listed.

^b^ Except as noted, sustained wind averaging periods for C-MAN and
land-based ASOS reports are 2 min; buoy averaging periods are 8 min.

^c^ Storm surge is water height above normal astronomical tide level.

^d^ Storm tide is water height above National Geodetic Vertical Datum
(1929 mean sea level).

^e^ Estimated

^f^ Remote Automated Weather Station

^g^ Citizen Weather Observer Program

^h^ South Florida Water Management District

^i^ Incomplete data

^j^ Louisiana Agriclimate Information System

^k^ Automatic Weather Station

^l^ Trinity Bay Conservation District

^m^ Texas Coastal Ocean Observation Network

^n^ Texas Tech University Hurricane Research Team

^o^ Anemometer height 122 meters

**Table 4.** Track forecast evaluation (heterogeneous sample) for
Hurricane Ike, 1 -- 14 September 2008. Forecast errors (n mi) are
followed by the number of forecasts in parentheses. Errors smaller than
the NHC official forecast are shown in boldface type.

+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| Forecast  | For   |       |       |       |       |       |       |
| Technique | ecast |       |       |       |       |       |       |
|           | P     |       |       |       |       |       |       |
|           | eriod |       |       |       |       |       |       |
|           | (h)   |       |       |       |       |       |       |
+===========+=======+=======+=======+=======+=======+=======+=======+
|           | 12    | 24    | 36    | 48    | 72    | 96    | 120   |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| CLP5      | 35    | 79    | 128   | 181   | 325   | 513   | 774   |
|           | (51)  | (49)  | (47)  | (45)  | (41)  | (37)  | (33)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| GFNI      | 27    | 48    | 67    | 78    | 114   | 166   | 205   |
|           | (46)  | (43)  | (41)  | (39)  | (35)  | (32)  | (28)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| GFDI      | 21    | 31    | **44  | 61    | 98    | 134   | 172   |
|           | (51)  | (49)  | (     | (45)  | (41)  | (36)  | (32)  |
|           |       |       | 47)** |       |       |       |       |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| HWFI      | 20    | 34    | 49    | 68    | 106   | 125   | 188   |
|           | (51)  | (49)  | (47)  | (45)  | (41)  | (35)  | (31)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| GFSI      | 29    | 53    | 77    | 100   | 141   | 169   | 225   |
|           | (51)  | (49)  | (47)  | (45)  | (41)  | (37)  | (33)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| AEMI      | 25    | 47    | 68    | 88    | 120   | **117 | 179   |
|           | (51)  | (49)  | (47)  | (44)  | (31)  | (     | (18)  |
|           |       |       |       |       |       | 23)** |       |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| NGPI      | 24    | 46    | 67    | 86    | 117   | 175   | 250   |
|           | (50)  | (48)  | (46)  | (44)  | (40)  | (36)  | (32)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| UKMI      | 27    | 51    | 75    | 94    | 127   | 185   | 253   |
|           | (48)  | (46)  | (44)  | (42)  | (38)  | (35)  | (29)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| EGRI      | 26    | 49    | 75    | 98    | 128   | 184   | 265   |
|           | (49)  | (47)  | (45)  | (43)  | (39)  | (33)  | (29)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| EMXI      | 19    | **29  | **37  | **45  | **73  | **95  | **123 |
|           | (44)  | (     | (     | (     | (     | (     | (     |
|           |       | 42)** | 41)** | 39)** | 35)** | 32)** | 29)** |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| BAMD      | 24    | 46    | 74    | 103   | 166   | 243   | 332   |
|           | (51)  | (49)  | (47)  | (45)  | (41)  | (37)  | (33)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| BAMM      | 26    | 46    | 69    | 96    | 150   | 193   | 243   |
|           | (50)  | (48)  | (46)  | (44)  | (40)  | (36)  | (32)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| BAMS      | 49    | 86    | 120   | 153   | 196   | 215   | 228   |
|           | (48)  | (46)  | (44)  | (43)  | (39)  | (35)  | (32)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| LBAR      | 22    | 46    | 69    | 93    | 131   | 131   | 186   |
|           | (48)  | (46)  | (44)  | (43)  | (39)  | (35)  | (25)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| TVCN      | 20    | 33    | 48    | 59    | **86  | 123   | **163 |
|           | (51)  | (49)  | (47)  | (45)  | (     | (37)  | (     |
|           |       |       |       |       | 41)** |       | 33)** |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| GUNA      | 21    | 37    | 56    | 71    | 98    | 132   | 195   |
|           | (48)  | (46)  | (44)  | (42)  | (38)  | (32)  | (28)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| FSSE      | 20    | 34    | 47    | 61    | 94    | 131   | 174   |
|           | (49)  | (47)  | (45)  | (43)  | (39)  | (35)  | (31)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| OFCL      | 17    | 31    | 46    | 59    | 91    | 121   | 166   |
|           | (50)  | (48)  | (46)  | (44)  | (40)  | (36)  | (32)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| NHC       | 34.0  | 58.2  | 82.2  | 106.2 | 154.2 | 207.5 | 272.5 |
| Official  | (     | (     | (     | (     | (996) | (787) | (627) |
|           | 1742) | 1574) | 1407) | 1254) |       |       |       |
| (         |       |       |       |       |       |       |       |
| 2003-2007 |       |       |       |       |       |       |       |
| mean)     |       |       |       |       |       |       |       |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+

**Table 5.** Intensity forecast evaluation (heterogeneous sample) for
Hurricane Ike, 1 -- 14 September 2008. Forecast errors (kt) are followed
by the number of forecasts in parentheses. Errors smaller than the NHC
official forecast are shown in boldface type.

+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| Forecast  | For   |       |       |       |       |       |       |
| Technique | ecast |       |       |       |       |       |       |
|           | P     |       |       |       |       |       |       |
|           | eriod |       |       |       |       |       |       |
|           | (h)   |       |       |       |       |       |       |
+===========+=======+=======+=======+=======+=======+=======+=======+
|           | 12    | 24    | 36    | 48    | 72    | 96    | 120   |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| OCD5      | 8.6   | 12.3  | 16.4  | 17.6  | 23.3  | 27.9  | 27.4  |
|           | (51)  | (49)  | (47)  | (45)  | (41)  | (37)  | (33)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| GHMI      | 9.1   | 14.5  | 19.1  | 19.6  | 17.9  | *     | *     |
|           | (51)  | (49)  | (47)  | (45)  | (41)  | *14.8 | *15.9 |
|           |       |       |       |       |       | (     | (     |
|           |       |       |       |       |       | 36)** | 32)** |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| HWFI      | 9.1   | 13.5  | 18.5  | 19.5  | 24.6  | 24.2  | 25.5  |
|           | (51)  | (49)  | (47)  | (45)  | (41)  | (35)  | (31)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| LGEM      | 8.1   | 11.4  | 15.1  | 14.8  | 21.3  | 24.2  | *     |
|           | (51)  | (49)  | (47)  | (45)  | (41)  | (37)  | *22.0 |
|           |       |       |       |       |       |       | (     |
|           |       |       |       |       |       |       | 33)** |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| DSHP      | 8.8   | 12.6  | 17.1  | 18.2  | 28.3  | 34.0  | 32.8  |
|           | (51)  | (49)  | (47)  | (45)  | (41)  | (37)  | (33)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| FSSE      | 7.9   | 11.4  | 13.7  | 16.0  | *     | *     | *     |
|           | (49)  | (47)  | (45)  | (43)  | *14.4 | *13.7 | *16.4 |
|           |       |       |       |       | (     | (     | (     |
|           |       |       |       |       | 39)** | 35)** | 31)** |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| ICON      | **7.6 | *     | 13.6  | *     | *     | *     | *     |
|           | (     | *10.2 | (47)  | *13.7 | *15.6 | *14.3 | *18.2 |
|           | 51)** | (     |       | (     | (     | (     | (     |
|           |       | 49)** |       | 45)** | 41)** | 35)** | 31)** |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| OFCL      | 7.8   | 10.9  | 13.3  | 14.3  | 17.5  | 18.3  | 23.8  |
|           | (50)  | (48)  | (46)  | (44)  | (40)  | (36)  | (32)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| NHC       | 6.7   | 10.0  | 12.3  | 14.3  | 18.2  | 19.7  | 21.8  |
| Official  | (     | (     | (     | (     | (996) | (787) | (627) |
|           | 1742) | 1574) | 1407) | 1254) |       |       |       |
| (         |       |       |       |       |       |       |       |
| 2003-2007 |       |       |       |       |       |       |       |
| mean)     |       |       |       |       |       |       |       |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+

**Table 6.** Watch and warning summary for Hurricane Ike, 1 -- 14
September 2008.

  -------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Date/Time   Action                         Location
  (UTC)                                      
  ----------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------
  5 / 1800    Hurricane Watch issued         Southeastern Bahamas /\
                                             Turks and Caicos

  6 / 0300    Hurricane Watch upgraded to\   Southeastern Bahamas /\
              Hurricane Warning              Turks and Caicos

  6 / 0300    Hurricane Watch issued         Central Bahamas

  6 / 0600    Tropical Storm Warning issued  Cabo Frances Viejo, Dominican
                                             Republic to Gonaives, Haiti

  6 / 1500    Hurricane Watch issued         Guantanamo to Camaguey

  6 / 2100    Hurricane Warning modified to  Southeastern and Central
                                             Bahamas /\
                                             Turks and Caicos

  6 / 2100    Hurricane Watch upgraded to\   Guantanamo to Holguin and\
              Hurricane Warning              Santiago de Cuba

  6 / 2100    Hurricane Watch modified to    Granma to Camaguey

  7 / 0300    Hurricane Warning modified to  Guantanamo to Las Tunas

  7 / 0300    Hurricane Watch modified to    Camaguey to Sancti Spiritus

  7 / 0900    Hurricane Warning modified to  Guantanamo to Ciego de Avila

  7 / 0900    Hurricane Watch modified to    Sancti Spiritus to Villa Clara
                                             and Cienfuegos

  7 / 0900    Hurricane Watch issued         Andros Island

  7 / 1200    Tropical Storm Watch issued    Cayman Islands

  7 / 1500    Hurricane Warning modified to  Guantanamo to Villa Clara and
                                             Cienfuegos

  7 / 1500    Hurricane Watch issued         Matanzas to La Habana

  7 / 1500    Hurricane Watch issued         Ocean Reef to Dry Tortugas

  7 / 1500    Tropical Storm Warning         Cabo Frances Viejo to
              discontinued                   Dominican Republic / Haiti
                                             border

  7 / 1500    Tropical Storm Warning         Dominican Republic / Haiti
              modified to                    border to Gonaives

  7 / 2100    Hurricane Warning modified to  Guantanamo to Matanzas

  7 / 2100    Hurricane Watch modified to    La Habana to Pinar del Rio
                                             and\
                                             Isle of Youth

  7 / 2100    Tropical Storm Warning issued  Andros Island

  7 / 2100    Tropical Storm Watch issued    Jamaica

  8 / 0300    Tropical Storm Warning         Dominican Republic / Haiti
              discontinued                   border to Gonaives

  8 /0600     Hurricane Warning discontinued Southeastern and Central
                                             Bahamas /\
                                             Turks and Caicos

  8 / 0600    Tropical Storm Warning         Central Bahamas, Andros
              modified to                    Island, Southeastern Bahamas
                                             excluding Inaguas and
                                             Mayaguana

  8 / 0900    Tropical Storm Warning issued  Ocean Reef to Dry Tortugas

  8 / 0900    Hurricane Watch discontinued   Andros Island

  8 / 0900    Tropical Storm Warning         Southeastern and Central
              discontinued                   Bahamas, excluding Ragged
                                             Island

  8 / 0900    Tropical Storm Warning         Andros and Ragged Islands
              modified to                    

  8 / 0900    Tropical Storm Warning issued  La Habana to Pinar del Rio
                                             and\
                                             Isle of Youth

  8 / 1500    Tropical Storm Warning and\    La Habana to Pinar del Rio
              Hurricane Watch discontinued   and\
                                             Isle of Youth

  8 / 1500    Hurricane Warning modified to  Guantanamo to Pinar del Rio
                                             and\
                                             Isle of Youth

  8 / 1500    Tropical Storm Warning issued  Little Cayman and Cayman Brac

  8 / 1500    Tropical Storm Watch modified  Grand Cayman
              to                             

  8 / 1800    Tropical Storm Watch           Jamaica
              discontinued                   

  8 / 2100    Hurricane Watch discontinued   Ocean Reef to Dry Tortugas

  8 / 2100    Tropical Storm Warning         Andros and Ragged Islands
              discontinued                   

  9 / 0000    Hurricane Warning discontinued Guantanamo to Camaguey

  9 / 0000    Hurricane Warning modified to  Ciego de Avila to Pinar del
                                             Rio and Isle of Youth

  9 / 0900    Hurricane Warning discontinued Ciego de Avila to Villa Clara
                                             and Cienfuegos

  9 / 0900    Hurricane Warning modified to  Matanzas to Pinar del Rio and\
                                             Isle of Youth

  9 / 1200    Tropical Storm Warning         Little Cayman and Cayman Brac
              discontinued                   

  9 / 1200    Tropical Storm Watch           Grand Cayman
              discontinued                   

  10 / 0300   Tropical Storm Warning         Ocean Reef to Seven Mile
              discontinued                   Bridge

  10 / 0300   Tropical Storm Warning         Seven Mile Bridge to Dry
              modified to                    Tortugas

  10 / 0300   Hurricane Warning downgraded   Matanzas to Pinar del Rio and\
              to\                            Isle of Youth
              Tropical Storm Warning         

  10 / 0900   Tropical Storm Warning         Seven Mile Bridge to Key West
              discontinued                   

  10 / 0900   Tropical Storm Warning         Key West to Dry Tortugas
              modified to                    

  10 / 1800   Tropical Storm Warning         Matanzas to Pinar del Rio and\
              discontinued                   Isle of Youth

  10 / 2100   Tropical Storm Warning issued  Mississippi River to Cameron

  10 / 2100   Hurricane Watch issued         Cameron to Port Mansfield

  11 / 0300   Tropical Storm Warning         Key West to Dry Tortugas
              discontinued                   

  11 / 0900   Tropical Storm Warning         Alabama / Mississippi border
              modified to                    to Cameron

  11 / 1500   Hurricane Warning issued       Morgan City to Baffin Bay

  11 / 1500   Tropical Storm Warning         Alabama / Mississippi border
              modified to                    to Morgan City

  11 / 1500   Tropical Storm Warning issued  Baffin Bay to Port Mansfield

  11 / 1500   Hurricane Watch modified to    Baffin Bay to Port Mansfield

  12 / 0300   Hurricane Watch changed to\    Baffin Bay to Port Mansfield
              Tropical Storm Warning         

  12 / 1800   Hurricane Warning modified to  Morgan City to Port Aransas

  12 / 1800   Tropical Storm Warning         Port Aransas to Port Mansfield
              modified to                    

  13 / 0700   Tropical Storm Warning         Port Aransas to Port Mansfield
              discontinued                   

  13 / 0900   Hurricane Warning modified to  Morgan City to Port O'Connor

  13 / 0900   Tropical Storm Warning         Alabama / Mississippi border
              discontinued                   to Morgan City

  13 / 1500   Hurricane Warning discontinued Morgan City to Port O'Connor

  13 / 1500   Tropical Storm Warning issued  Morgan City to Sargent

  13 / 2100   Tropical Storm Warning         Morgan City to Sargent
              discontinued                   
  -------------------------------------------------------------------------

Table 7. Selected maximum wind gusts due to the post-tropical remnants
of Hurricane Ike, 1 -- 14 September 2008.

  -------------------------- --------- -------------------------- ---------
  Location                   Maximum   Location                   Maximum
                             Wind Gust                            Wind Gust
                             (kt)                                 (kt)

  **Missouri**                         **Ohio (continued)**       

  Poplar Bluff (KPOF)        57        Cleveland -- Lakefront     55
                                       (KBKL)                     

                                       Columbus (KCMH)            65

  **Illinois**                         Dayton International Apt.  52
                                       (KDAY)                     

  Carbondale (KMDH)          53        Dayton Wright Brothers     59
                                       Apt. (KMGY)                

                                       Findlay (KFDY)             56

  **Indiana**                          Lorain (KLPR)              62

  Evansville (KEVV)          56        Marion (KMNN)              56

  Huntingburg (KHNB)         58        OSU Aiport (KOSU)          55

  Indianapolis (KIND)        55        Rickenbacker (KLCK)        60

                                       Wilmington (KILN)          64

  **Kentucky**                         Youngstown (KYNG)          53

  Cincinnati -- N Kentucky   64                                   
  Int'l Apt. (KCVG)                                               

  Fort Knox (KFTK)           56        **Pennsylvania**           

  Lexington (KLEX)           52        Beaver Falls (KBVI)        60

  Louisville (KSDF)          65        Du Bois (KDUJ)             53

  Owensboro (KOWB)           55                                   

                                       **Ontario, Canada**        

  **Ohio**                             Long Point (CWPS)          55

  Bolton Field (KTZR)        60        Point Petre (CWQP)         52

  Cincinnati (KLUK)          53        Port Colborne (CWPC)       57
  -------------------------- --------- -------------------------- ---------

![](media/image1.jpeg){width="7.875694444444444in"
height="6.102777777777778in"}

**Figure 1.** Best track positions for Hurricane Ike, 1 -- 14 September
2008. Track during the extratropical stage is based on analyses from the
NOAA Hydrometeorological Prediction Center and Environment Canada.

![](media/image2.wmf){width="8.043055555555556in"
height="5.344444444444444in"}

**Figure 2.** Selected wind observations and best track maximum
sustained surface wind speed curve for Hurricane Ike, 1 -- 14 September
2008. Aircraft observations have been adjusted for elevation using 90%,
80%, and 80% reduction factors for observations from 700 mb, 850 mb, and
1500 ft, respectively. Dropwindsonde observations include actual 10 m
winds (sfc), as well as surface estimates derived from the mean wind
over the lowest 150 m of the wind sounding (LLM), and from the sounding
boundary layer mean (MBL). Objective Dvorak estimates represent linear
averages over a three-hour period centered on the nominal observation
time. Dashed vertical lines correspond to 0000 UTC. Solid vertical lines
correspond to landfalls.

![](media/image3.wmf){width="8.996527777777779in"
height="5.813194444444444in"}

**Figure 3.** Selected pressure observations and best track minimum
central pressure curve for Hurricane Ike, 1 -- 14 September 2008.
Objective Dvorak estimates represent linear averages over a three-hour
period centered on the nominal observation time. Dashed vertical lines
correspond to 0000 UTC. Solid vertical lines correspond to landfalls.

![](media/image4.jpeg){width="4.336111111111111in"
height="4.336111111111111in"}**Figure 4.** A comparison of microwave
imagery for Hurricane Ike near the time of its peak intensity (left) and
after it had endured several days of northerly and northeasterly shear.
The left image is a 91 GHz SSMIS image at 0926 UTC 4 September, and the
right image is an 85 GHz TRMM image at 1849 UTC 5 September. Note in the
right image that an eye is still present despite the strong northerly
shear that has completely eroded the deep convection in the northern
eyewall. Image courtesy of the Fleet Numerical Meteorology and
Oceanography Center.

![](media/image6.png){width="8.209722222222222in"
height="5.617361111111111in"}

**Figure 5.** A synopsis of the progression of storm surge associated
with Hurricane Ike across the Gulf of Mexico. The time and magnitude of
maximum storm surge levels (referenced to Mean Lower Low Water) are
shown at geographically representative National Ocean Service
observation stations. Figure courtesy of the National Ocean Service.

![](media/image7.png){width="9.144444444444444in" height="5.90625in"}

**Figure 6.** Maximum storm surge inundation levels (water depth) across
Jefferson County, Texas, during Hurricane Ike. Areas shaded in red
indicate where the water depths exceeded 10 ft. Image courtesy of the
Lake Charles WFO.

![](media/image8.png){width="9.178472222222222in"
height="5.938888888888889in"}

**Figure 7.** Maximum storm surge inundation levels (water depth) across
Orange County, Texas, during Hurricane Ike. Areas shaded in red indicate
where the water depths exceeded 10 ft. Image courtesy of the Lake
Charles WFO.

![](media/image9.png){width="8.99236111111111in" height="5.81875in"}

**Figure 8.** Maximum storm surge inundation levels (water depth) for
Galveston County, Texas, including Galveston Island and the Bolivar
Peninsula, during Hurricane Ike. Areas shaded in red indicate where the
water depths exceeded 10 ft. Image courtesy of the Harris County Flood
Control District.

![](media/image10.png){width="8.99236111111111in" height="5.81875in"}

**Figure 9.** Maximum storm surge inundation levels (water depth) across
Chambers County, Texas, during Hurricane Ike. Areas shaded in red
indicate where the water depths exceeded 10 ft. Image courtesy of the
Harris County Flood Control District.

![](media/image11.png){width="6.032638888888889in"
height="5.903472222222222in"}

**Figure 10.** Storm total precipitation associated with Hurricane Ike,
1 -- 14 September 2008, and its remnants. Figure courtesy of David Roth
at the Hydrometeorological Prediction Center.

![](media/image12.png){width="4.401388888888889in"
height="2.4402777777777778in"}\
\
![](media/image14.png){width="4.354861111111111in"
height="2.4159722222222224in"}

![](media/image15.png){width="4.401388888888889in"
height="2.3958333333333335in"}

**Figure 11.** Guidance track forecasts from 0000 UTC 4 September
through 0600 UTC 14 September from (a) GFSI (red), (b) EMXI (teal), (c)
GFDI (purple), and (d) HWFI (blue) for Hurricane Ike, 1 -- 14 September
2008. The best track is given by the thick solid black line with
positions given at 6 h intervals.

![](media/image16.jpeg){width="4.384722222222222in"
height="2.920138888888889in"}

![](media/image20.jpeg){width="4.355555555555555in"
height="2.9090277777777778in"}

**Figure 12.** (a) Waves crash over the Galveston Seawall and the
memorial for the 1900 Galveston Hurricane before the arrival of
Hurricane Ike (courtesy Johnny Hanson, *Houston Chronicle)*. (b) House
on fire on Galveston Island as storm surge waters rise in advance of Ike
(courtesy Smiley N. Pool, *Houston Chronicle*). (c) Devastation on the
Bolivar Peninsula due to storm surge from Ike (courtesy NWS
Houston/Galveston and Galveston County Office of Emergency Management).
(d) Before and after image of the Bolivar Peninsula depicting the
effects of storm surge (courtesy U.S. Geological Survey). (e) Debris,
boats, and trailers on the southbound lanes of I-45 heading towards
Galveston (courtesy Eric Kayne, *Houston Chronicle*). (f) Ships waiting
to enter Galveston Bay after Hurricane Ike (image courtesy Smiley N.
Pool, *Houston Chronicle*).

[^1]: A digital record of the complete best track, including wind radii,
    can be found on line at <ftp://ftp.nhc.noaa.gov/atcf>. Data for the
    current year's storms are located in the *btk* directory, while
    previous years' data are located in the *archive* directory.