CATALOG OF LARGE AND MODERATE TIEN-SHAN EARTHQUAKES

**K.D. Djanuzakov, A.G. Frolova and E.V. Musienko.**

*Institute of Seismology of National Academy of Sciences, Kyrgyz
Republic.*

I**ntroduction.**

International cooperation in the dissemination of seismic data is
prerequisite for successful operation of national seismic networks in
different countries. Data sharing is the best way to estimate the
quality of own seismic data and to extend database by information
obtained from neighboring regions. In this paper we would like to
present fragment of the General Earthquake Catalogue of the Central Asia
that included moderate - and large sizes earthquakes Ms [\>]{.underline}
5.5 have occurred in the Western and Central Tien-Shan and its
surrounding within 69^0^-80^0^ E and 39^0^- 44^0^N since 1475. These
data were regularly verified through data sharing between Seismological
Institutions of adjacent Central Asian Republics: Uzbekistan,
Turkmenistan, Tajikistan and Kazakhstan and were published annually in
Seismological Bulletins of United Services for Earthquake Research
(ESSN), USSR. General Uniform Earthquake Catalogue of the Central Asia
was produced as a result of accurate definition of seismological data
obtained from mentioned national networks. Because of data obtained
during different time periods are unequal we provided the brief
description of principles of seismic data acquisition, methods of
earthquake magnitude and focal depth determination that were applied to
create the present Earthquake Catalog.

**1. Seismological observations in the Kyrgyzstan.**

Institute of Seismology of the National Academy of Sciences and
Seismological Expedition are maintaining national seismological network
since first seismograph was established at Frunze (present Bishkek) in
1927. Up to the 1950 this observatory was single in the Kyrgyz Republic
(Rozova*, 1964*). By the 1960 seismic stations were located only at 5
places. Since 1980' the system of seismic monitoring of the Kyrgyz
Republic had included 23 seismic stations equipped 3 component short
period (SKM-3) and 3 component medium period (SK, SKD) seismographs
produced analog seismic records. Further, due to international
scientific cooperation between California University (San-Diego) and
Institute of Seismology of the Kyrgyz Republic 10 radiotelemetry seismic
stations have been operating since 1991 at the Northern Tien-Shan. Other
6 seismic stations located in the Central and Southern Tien-Shan have
been equipped by broadband seismometers due to Rensselaer Polytechnic
Institute (USA), in 1997. The seismic station \"Ala- Archa" is upgraded
to global network IDA / IRIS (California University, San-Diego).
Nowadays Kyrgyz seismological network is shown on Figure 1.

![](media/image1.png){width="6.254166666666666in"
height="3.2493055555555554in"}

Figure 1. Nowadays Kyrgyz seismological network

**2. Determination of magnitude and focal depth of preinstrumental
earthquakes.**

> Validity of the historical seismicity record at the Kyrgyz part of the
> Tien-Shan since 1475 can be found in the number of publications
> provided description of damage and sensations personally observed by
> people who kept a oral and writing records of earthquake occurrence
> (*Musketovt, 1891*; *Rozova & Grin, 1955; Semenov, 1958;).* However
> reliable data confirmed by ascertained macroseismic effects have been
> available since 1865 *(Rozova & Grin, 1955*). In order to quantify of
> preinstrumental earthquakes the data obtained from macroseismic
> observations and instrumental earthquake records were used to
> determine relation between surface wave magnitude M*s*, maximum
> intensity I*max* expressed in MSK Intensity scale (*Medvedev et al.,
> 1969*) and estimated at any location, average radius of *isoseismal* R
> corresponding to I*max* and focal depth H (Shebalin, 1968*;
> Djanuzakov, 1995)*. The empirical relation (1) describes simple
> correlation between mentioned strong earthquakes parameters and their
> macroseismic effects at the Tien-Shan region. Relation 2 shows that
> attenuation effect is more significant, and intensity and waves
> amplitudes are smaller in the East-West direction. This direction
> coincides with local trend of the main tectonic structure. The
> attenuation in perpendicular (North-South) direction (3) is less
> important:
>
> I *max* = 1.5 Ms - 3.8 log (R^2^ + H^2^) ^1/2^ +3.6 (1)
>
> I *max* = 1.5 Ms - 3.4 log (R^2^ + H^2^) ^1/2^ +3.3 (2)
>
> I *max* = 1.5 Ms - 4.4 log (R^2^ + H^2^) ^1/2^ +4.2 (3)

Estimation of focal depth of preinstrumental earthquakes can be made by
means equation (4) (Shebalin, 1968):

> Io - I*max* = V log (R^2^ + H^2^) ^1/2^ (4)
>
> Where Io is epicentral intensity, I*max* is the maximum intensity
> estimated at any epicentral distance, R is average radius of
> *isoseismal* corresponding to I*max*, H is focal depth and V is
> coefficient can be calculated which provided statistical measures of
> the scatter of the data.
>
> **3. Determination of the earthquake magnitude and focal depth from
> instrumental seismicity records.**
>
> The local earthquakes size has been estimated uniformly through
> seismic energy class (Bune *et al., 1960*) since 1961. Further, in
> 1962 surface-wave magnitude (M) scale also was applied in seismic data
> processing. The surface-wave magnitude of moderate and large shallow
> earthquakes (M [\>]{.underline} 5.0) is found from the maximum ground
> displacement associated with the Rayleigh wave records having period
> in the range 10-20 s (*Vanek et al., 1980; Kondorskaya et al., 1993*)
> obtained at epicentral distances larger than 20^0^ and calibrating
> function (5) (*Vanek et al., 1962*) is used:
>
> M = log A ()/T + 1.66 log ^o^ + 3.3 (5)
>
> Where A () is the amplitude of the horizontal component of the ground
> displacement of Rayleigh wave, in micrometers, and period T ranges
> from 10 to 30 s.
>
> Empirical energy-magnitude relation (6) was derived by Rautian for
> earthquakes in Central Asia (*Bune et al., 1960*):
>
> log E= 11 + 1.8 M (6).
>
> This relation was obtained from where E is energy in ergs.
>
> Since 1930' the focal depth of earthquakes has been roughly determined
> through selection of the theoretical travel-time curves calculated for
> known velocity structure that experimental local travel-time curves
> (*Rozova, 1947*). By 1980 Kyrgyz network has increased to 23 permanent
> seismic stations and accuracy of focal depth estimation reached 5 km.
> Location and focal depth determination of earthquakes obtained from
> telemetry network records are carried out by using software Hypocenter
> (*Lienert, et al., 1986).*

**4. Catalogue description.**

> Earthquake Catalog includes following items: date of event, origin
> time, event location (latitude and longitude), accuracy class (k),
> focal depth (h) and surface-wave magnitude (Ms) respectively. Accuracy
> class (k) shows corresponding deviation in epicentral location
> accurate to within.
>
> k Deviation
>
> 0 [+]{.underline} 2 km
>
> 1 [+]{.underline} 5 km
>
> 2 [+]{.underline} 10km
>
> 3 [+]{.underline} 20km
>
> 4 [+]{.underline} 25km
>
> 5 [+]{.underline} 50km
>
> 6 \>50 km
>
> ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
>
> Our thanks go to Zoya Kalmetyeva and Sadira Moldobekova for many
> useful hints and assistance when this paper was being written.

## Catalog of large and moderate earthquakes, 500-1996

+-----------------------------------+----------------------------------+
| Date time lat. Long. k M          | date time lat. long. k M         |
|                                   |                                  |
| 5000101 0000 0.0 42 42 76 30 5    | 18900225 1730 0.0 43 00 78 00 6  |
| 6.7                               | 6.4                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 14750101 0000 0.0 42 36 75 12 5   | 18931104 0428 0.0 42 42 75 48 5  |
| 6.4                               | 6.0                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 16000101 0000 0.0 40 00 76 00 6   | 18931105 0330 0.0 39 30 69 24 6  |
| 6.0                               | 5.9                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 16200101 0000 0.0 40 54 71 24 6   | 18951218 1304 0.0 40 00 73 00 6  |
| 5.8                               | 6.0                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 17700101 0000 0.0 42 46 74 06 5   | 18960115 1840 0.0 41 30 70 54 6  |
| 6.0                               | 6.6                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 18070101 0000 0.0 43 06 76 54 5   | 18960927 1627 0.0 39 36 73 36 5  |
| 6.7                               | 5.6                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 18220900 0000 0.0 40 18 71 30 5   | 18961101 0501 0.0 39 40 75 54 5  |
| 6.2                               | 6.6                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 18230101 0000 0.0 40 18 71 30 5   | 18980622 0000 0.0 39 42 76 42 5  |
| 6.2                               | 6.1                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 18531101 0000 0.0 39 00 76 12 2   | 19020417 2110 0.0 40 00 71 00 6  |
| 5.5                               | 5.8                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 18650322 0053 0.0 42 42 73 12 5   | 19020822 0301 0.0 39 48 76 12 5  |
| 6.4                               | 7.8                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 18680403 2115 0.0 41 12 69 36 5   | 19020822 1500 0.0 39 48 76 12 5  |
| 6.5                               | 6.1                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 18680829 0800 0.0 42 42 75 54 6   | 19020822 1750 0.0 39 48 76 12 5  |
| 6.4                               | 6.0                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 18690325 0030 0.0 39 54 69 30 5   | 19020824 0130 0.0 39 48 76 12 6  |
| 5.5                               | 6.4                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 18740118 1500 0.0 42 54 77 24 5   | 19020828 1830 0.0 39 48 76 12 4  |
| 5.9                               | 5.7                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 18801201 2330 0.0 43 06 76 54 5   | 19020915 0000 0.0 39 48 76 12 5  |
| 5.7                               | 6.0                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 18831114 1700 0.0 40 36 72 48 4   | 19020915 0236 0.0 39 48 76 12 0  |
| 5.5                               | 5.9                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 18840313 0507 0.0 42 48 78 12 5   | 19020916 1140 0.0 39 48 76 12 5  |
| 5.8                               | 6.2                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 18850802 2120 0.0 42 42 74 06 4   | 19020918 1645 0.0 39 48 76 12 4  |
| 6.9                               | 5.9                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 18861129 0413 0.0 41 24 69 30 6   | 19021216 0507 0.0 40 48 72 18 2  |
| 6.7                               | 6.4                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 18870608 2335 0.0 43 06 76 48 4   | 19021219 1450 0.0 39 48 76 12 5  |
| 7.3                               | 6.2                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 18870821 2100 0.0 43 06 76 48 4   | 19030204 2100 0.0 40 00 78 00 6  |
| 5.7                               | 6.1                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 18881128 0640 0.0 40 00 69 48 4   | 19030328 0855 10.0 40 48 72 42 4 |
| 6.3                               | 6.1                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 18890711 2214 0.0 43 12 78 42 5   | 19031019 0310 0.0 39 18 74 30 6  |
| 8.3                               | 6.2                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 18890718 2030 0.0 42 48 74 54 5   | 19040204 2100 0.0 40 00 78 00 6  |
| 5.8                               | 6.1                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| Date time lat. long. k M          | Date time lat. long. k M         |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19050314 1042 0.0 40 00 76 00 6   | 19470602 0640 33.0 40 54 72 18 4 |
| 6.0                               | 5.9                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19070311 0134 0.0 41 30 75 00 6   | 19490708 0802 16.0 39 12 70 48 4 |
| 5.6                               | 5.6                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19070915 1746 0.0 40 18 72 30 5   | 19490710 0353 38.0 39 12 70 48 4 |
| 5.8                               | 7.4                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19070919 1914 0.0 40 18 72 30 5   | 19490710 1519 0.0 39 06 71 00 4  |
| 5.5                               | 5.8                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19110103 2325 58.0 42 54 76 54 6  | 19490710 1549 17.0 39 12 71 06 4 |
| 8.2                               | 6.2                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19130223 1100 0.0 44 00 80 00 5   | 19490710 1624 0.0 39 06 71 00 5  |
| 5.7                               | 6.2                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19151217 0705 0.0 42 00 79 12 6   | 19490719 1742 12.0 39 06 71 06 4 |
| 6.7                               | 5.8                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19160228 1316 0.0 43 00 77 12 5   | 19510414 0410 6.0 39 06 71 36 4  |
| 6.0                               | 5.9                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19160229 1855 0.0 40 36 78 12 6   | 19530211 2322 22.0 39 48 77 24 4 |
| 5.8                               | 5.5                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19181201 1035 0.4 39 00 73 00 5   | 19530709 1902 10.0 40 12 78 00 5 |
| 6.5                               | 5.8                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19190724 0203 0.0 40 00 76 00 6   | 19550415 0340 55.0 39 54 74 36 4 |
| 6.7                               | 7.1                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19200925 0000 0.0 41 30 71 00 5   | 19550415 0413 26.0 40 00 74 42 5 |
| 5.6                               | 6.6                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19230810 021720.0 41 00 77 30 6   | 19570830 1618 0.0 39 18 72 54 2  |
| 5.8                               | 5.5                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19231220 1513 24.0 39 30 72 00 6  | 19580624 0448 26.0 41 00 78 18 5 |
| 5.6                               | 5.5                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19231228 2224 48.0 39 36 69 12 4  | 19590627 1911 28.0 42 00 79 59 2 |
| 6.4                               | 5.7                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19240706 1831 51.0 40 30 73 06 5  | 19591024 2340 38.0 41 38 70 00 2 |
| 6.4                               | 5.7                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19240712 1512 35.0 40 36 73 12 5  | 19610401 1518 23.0 39 57 77 49 2 |
| 6.5                               | 6.6                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19270430 1356 47.0 39 30 79 00 6  | 19610404 0946 40.0 39 57 77 42 2 |
| 6.3                               | 6.4                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19270812 1022 47.0 41 00 71 36 4  | 19610406 0133 47.0 40 00 78 00 5 |
| 6.0                               | 5.5                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19270812 1616 47.0 41 00 71 36 4  | 19610407 2117 47.0 39 39 72 53 2 |
| 5.5                               | 5.5                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19280105 1409 16.0 43 30 78 30 5  | 19610413 1634 41.0 39 45 77 38 2 |
| 5.6                               | 6.6                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19280823 0353 38.0 41 48 72 54 5  | 19620803 1104 5.0 40 55 73 07 4  |
| 5.5                               | 5.5                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19300208 0628 58.0 39 24 74 54 6  | 19621126 0529 30.0 39 48 77 12 5 |
| 5.5                               | 5.6                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19300410 1424 5.0 40 00 76 30 5   | 19630829 0853 49.0 39 40 74 11 2 |
| 5.5                               | 6.4                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19321029 1108 50.0 39 12 72 12 5  | 19650317 1314 15.0 40 51 69 22 2 |
| 5.9                               | 5.5                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19321224 0417 20.0 42 48 78 12 5  | 19650504 0834 42.0 41 49 79 22 2 |
| 5.6                               | 5.8                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19330909 1934 21.0 40 06 70 42 5  | 19670202 0737 55.0 39 48 75 06 4 |
| 5.5                               | 5.7                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19331217 2304 51.0 42 48 79 00 5  | 19670511 1450 58.0 39 30 73 42 2 |
| 5.5                               | 6.3                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19340728 0206 16.0 41 00 77 30 6  | 19690211 2208 51.8 41 28 79 19 5 |
| 5.7                               | 6.6                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19350729 2316 36.0 39 30 73 30 6  | 19690828 0358 33.0 39 06 73 24 2 |
| 5.7                               | 5.7                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19351026 2117 15.0 39 18 73 18 6  | 19690914 1446 17.1 39 29 75 00 4 |
| 5.5                               | 5.5                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19371218 1318 0.0 42 06 70 54 5   | 19690914 1615 21.0 39 31 75 00 4 |
| 6.5                               | 5.6                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19380620 2350 36.0 42 42 75 48 4  | 19700605 0453 5.2 42 31 78 44 1  |
| 6.9                               | 6.8                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19390530 1007 6.0 39 00 70 27 2   | 19710323 2047 15.0 41 19 79 22 2 |
| 5.8                               | 6.1                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19400126 2311 41.0 41 54 77 12 6  | 19710510 1451 45.1 42 54 71 20 2 |
| 5.5                               | 5.7                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19410420 1738 27.0 39 12 70 30 4  | 19710615 2204 10.0 41 31 79 17 4 |
| 6.4                               | 5.8                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19410426 2310 58.0 39 18 70 36 5  | 19710616 0058 37.0 41 31 79 14 2 |
| 5.5                               | 5.6                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19410506 1655 29.0 39 18 70 36 4  | 19710726 0148 30.0 40 01 77 19 2 |
| 5.6                               | 6.7                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19420118 1636 31.0 41 06 71 36 5  | 19711028 1330 55.0 41 57 72 15 2 |
| 5.9                               | 5.6                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19420214 1044 59.0 40 54 72 06 5  | 19720115 2021 47.0 40 20 79 04 2 |
| 5.5                               | 6.2                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19420228 0454 55.0 39 12 70 54 5  | 19740811 0113 57.0 39 14 73 50 2 |
| 5.5                               | 7.3                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19430405 0156 1.0 39 18 73 18 6   | 19740811 0523 48.8 39 18 73 48 4 |
| 6.3                               | 5.5                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19430602 0255 24.0 39 12 71 48 6  | 19740811 2005 27.0 39 36 73 42 4 |
| 5.6                               | 5.8                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19440315 0503 53.0 39 42 73 06 5  | 19740811 2121 33.6 39 18 73 36 2 |
| 6.0                               | 6.3                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19440927 1625 2.0 39 00 74 48 5   | 19740817 2350 57.2 39 18 73 48 1 |
| 6.7                               | 5.5                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19440927 1652 57.0 39 06 75 00 0  | 19740827 1256 0.0 39 35 73 47 2  |
| 5.9                               | 6.0                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19450419 1746 51.0 42 54 77 30 5  | 19740929 1551 49.0 40 27 77 51 4 |
| 5.7                               | 5.5                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19461102 1828 30.0 41 54 72 00 4  | 19750909 1832 32.0 40 16 78 29 4 |
| 7.5                               | 5.5                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19461107 1554 5.0 42 00 72 00 5   | 19770131 1426 14.6 40 05 70 52 1 |
| 5.7                               | 6.3                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19461110 0046 40.0 40 30 77 30 6  | 19771218 1647 12.0 39 54 77 25 1 |
| 5.5                               | 5.9                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| Date time lat. long. k M          | #  Date time lat. long. k M      |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19780324 2105 48.6 42 52 78 35 2  | 19850911 2045 48.4 39 26 75 27 2 |
| 7.0                               | 6.6                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19781008 1420 4.0 39 30 74 48 4   | 19851013 1559 51.8 40 17 69 48 2 |
| 6.1                               | 6.0                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19781101 1948 23.2 39 24 72 36 2  | 19870124 0809 17.1 41 26 79 16 2 |
| 6.8                               | 6.1                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19781102 0624 10.0 39 26 72 30 1  | 19870430 0517 37.6 39 49 74 41 2 |
| 5.6                               | 5.7                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19800705 2025 23.9 41 55 77 30 2  | 19900417 0159 19.7 39 27 74 33 4 |
| 5.6                               | 6.0                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19820506 1542 20.9 40 10 71 30 2  | 19901112 1228 51.7 42 59 77 55 2 |
| 5.8                               | 6.4                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19830213 0140 9.0 40 14 75 14 2   | 19910225 1430 25.0 40 11 79 19 4 |
| 6.6                               | 6.1                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19830213 0152 49.2 40 05 75 08 2  | 19920515 0807 59.1 41 06 72 25 4 |
| 5.7                               | 6.3                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19830405 0650 27.9 40 08 75 08 2  | 19920819 0204 36.0 42 04 73 38 4 |
| 6.0                               | 7.5                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19831216 1315 53.1 39 23 72 55 2  | 19920819 0212 58.4 42 03 73 04 2 |
| 6.1                               | 6.2                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19840217 2326 52.9 40 51 71 01 1  | 19920819 0312 36.0 42 08 73 16 2 |
| 5.5                               | 6.7                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19841026 2022 17.6 39 12 71 14 1  | 19920819 0320 29.8 42 04 73 17 4 |
| 6.3                               | 6.5                              |
|                                   |                                  |
| 19850823 1241 55.6 39 26 75 29 2  | 19960319 1500 26.1 40 05 76 39 4 |
| 7.0                               | 5.5                              |
+-----------------------------------+----------------------------------+
|                                   |                                  |
+-----------------------------------+----------------------------------+

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magnitude in seismological practice - PV- and PVs - waves]{.underline}
*(in Russian), Bulgarian Academy of Science, Sofia, pp.263, 1980.*