Tribes and States

Working Together

***A Guide to Tribal-State***

***Child Care Coordination***

**Table of Contents**

**Introduction 1**

**Understanding Tribal Sovereignty and the Government-to-Government
Relationship 3**

**A Comparison of State and Tribal CCDF Programs 5**

***Good Start, Grow Smart:* A Catalyst for Coordination 8**

**Benefits of Tribal-State Coordination 10**

**Successful Tribal-State Collaborations 12**

**Important Tribal, State, and Federal Contacts 16**

**Websites for Agencies and Documents Referenced in this Guide 24**

**Introduction**

The Child Care and Development Fund (CCDF) has made available \$4.8
billion to States, Territories, and Tribes in Federal Fiscal Year (FY)
2004. This program, authorized by the Personal Responsibility and Work
Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996, PL 104-193, assists low-income
families, families receiving temporary public assistance, and those
transitioning from public assistance in obtaining child care so they can
work or attend training/education.

The CCDF is administered by the Child Care Bureau (CCB), Administration
on Children, Youth and Families (ACYF), Administration for Children and
Families (ACF), U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS). By
statute, DHHS is required to provide one to two percent (as determined
by the DHHS Secretary) of the total CCDF monies allocated by Congress to
Federally recognized American Indian Tribes and Alaska Native villages.
The Secretary has elected to provide the full two percent set-aside to
Tribes.

In (FY) 2004, 263 tribal grantees in 32 states were funded under this
provision. This Federal set aside for Tribes is based on the
government-to-government relationship between the United States
Government and Tribal Nations. Both States and Tribes are required by
Federal statute and CCDF regulations to describe within their CCDF
two-year plans how they are coordinating with each other to provide
child care services within their boundaries.

In the Child Care Bureau's *Child Care and Development Fund Report of
State Plans FY 2004-2005,* twenty states reported consulting with Tribes
and Tribal organizations in developing their CCDF programs. This number
is growing, with an increasing number of States and Tribes forming more
in-depth partnerships around the delivery of affordable, accessible,
quality child care services within their boundaries.

Since 2002, the President's *Good Start, Grow Smart* Early Learning
Initiative has been a catalyst for increased State-Tribal coordination
and collaboration around the development and implementation of early
learning guidelines, the establishment of statewide professional
development systems, and the coordination of various Federal and State
early care and education programs and funding streams.

The purpose of this guide is to increase the understanding of the
rationale and benefits of States and Tribes working together to provide
quality child care choices and services for the children and families
they serve. The guide provides a description of Tribal sovereignty and
the government-to-government relationship; an overview of the
similarities and differences between State and Tribal CCDF programs; a
discussion of the *Good Start, Grow Smart* Early Learning Initiative;
and, examples of successful Tribal-State collaborative efforts. Lists of
important Tribal, State, and Federal contacts are also included.

**Understanding Tribal Sovereignty and the Government-to-Government
Relationship**

The foundation for successful collaboration between States and Tribes is
an understanding of and appreciation for Tribal sovereignty. American
Indian and Alaska Native Tribes are recognized as governments in the
U.S. Constitution, with hundreds of treaties, Federal laws, and court
cases affirming that Tribes retain the inherent powers to govern
themselves as nations. Presidential Executive Order 13175, Consultation
and Coordination with Indian Tribal Governments (November 6, 2000); and,
Presidential Memorandum, Government-to-Government Relationship with
Tribal Governments (September 23, 2004) further reaffirm the sovereign
status of Indian Tribes. The Federal Government works with Tribes in a
government-to-government relationship.

State-Tribal coordination can flourish when States fully embrace Tribal
sovereignty. In fact, over the past few years as an increasing number of
Federal programs---such as the CCDF---have devolved to States and
Tribes, new partnerships have been forged on a wide range of issues that
affect Tribal and State citizens (Note: Tribal citizens are also
citizens of the States where they reside). In an effort to address these
issues, the National Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL) and the
National Congress of American Indians (NCAI) are collaborating to
improve State-Tribal relations in policy-making and service delivery.
Through this partnership Tribal leaders and State legislators are
sponsoring educational forums, developing materials, and sharing models
of collaboration. In their joint publication *Government to
Government--- Understanding State and Tribal Governments* (June 2002),
NCAI and NCSL offer a description of Tribal nations in the United
States.

> ***More than 558 federally recognized "Indian tribes" (variously
> called tribes, nations, bands, pueblos, communities and native
> villages) exist in the United States. About 226 of these are located
> in Alaska; the rest are located in 34 other states. Tribes are
> ethnically, culturally and linguistically diverse.***

Put in the context of Tribal sovereignty, the government-to-government
relationship, and the uniqueness of each Tribal nation, the need for
CCDF Administrators ---both State and Tribal---to develop and sustain
strong partnerships becomes even more apparent. Further, this
understanding helps both States and Tribes understand the
Tribal-specific provisions of the CCDF legislation and regulations.

**A Comparison of State and Tribal**

**CCDF Programs**

The purposes and goals of Federal CCDF funding are the same for States,
Territories, and Tribes: to increase the availability, affordability,
and quality of child care services. Further commonality is found in the
CCDF Act provision that Indian children have what is known as "dual
eligibility." This means that parents of eligible Indian children may
apply for and receive child care assistance from either the Tribe or the
State. However, in order to receive services under a State or Tribal
program, the child must still meet the other specific eligibility
criteria of that program.

There are some differences between the CCDF requirements for Tribes and
those for States and the Territories. These unique Tribal requirements
are primarily found in Subpart I of the CCDF final regulations (45 CFR
Parts 98 and 99). Highlights of these Tribal differences are described
below.

-   Within their CCDF plans, Tribes must define their CCDF service
    areas. Many include communities located both on and near
    reservations. It should be noted that most Tribes in Alaska,
    California, and Oklahoma do not live on reservations and, therefore,
    are encouraged to work together to ensure that their service areas
    are not overlapping.

-   Tribes must provide a definition of "Indian Child" in their CCDF
    plans.

-   Tribal CCDF funding is based on an annual certified child count of
    all children under the age of 13 who reside within the Tribe's
    designated service area and meet the Tribe's definition of "Indian
    Child."

-   Federally recognized Tribes with fewer than 50 children under the
    age of 13 may apply for CCDF funds as part of a consortium
    arrangement. For example, four Federally recognized Tribes elect to
    receive CCDF services as members of the South Puget Inter-Tribal
    Planning Agency of Shelton, Washington.

-   In determining CCDF eligibility guidelines, Tribes may use the State
    or Tribal median income.

-   Tribes may use their State's market rate surveys, sliding fee
    schedules, and provider payment rates or develop their own.

-   Tribes have the option of using Tribal, State, or local child care
    licensing requirements. Federal *Minimum Standards for Tribal Family
    Child Care Homes* and *Minimum Standards for Tribal Child Care
    Centers* are available to Tribes as guidance.

-   Upon approval by their ACF Regional Offices, Tribes may use some of
    their CCDF funds for the construction and renovation of child care
    facilities. However, they must ensure that they will not decrease
    the level of services to families if they plan construction or major
    renovation efforts.

Another important Tribal CCDF distinction is that Tribes that receive a
fiscal year CCDF allocation equal to or greater than \$500,000 are
considered "non-exempt" grantees. This distinction means that (1) the
Tribe must expend no less than four percent of the aggregate CCDF funds
in a fiscal year on quality activities, and (2) the Tribe must operate a
certificate program that offers parental choice from a full range of
providers (i.e., center-based, group home, family child care, and
in-home care), including sectarian ("faith-based") providers. Tribes
that receive less than an annual \$500,000---which is less than the
smallest state allocation---are considered "exempt" and may chose to
spend their child care funds all on direct services within Tribal child
care centers, all on certificates, or a combination of services.
"Exempt" Tribal CCDF grantees are not held to the four percent quality
expenditures requirement.

The Indian Employment, Training and Related Services Demonstration Act
of 1992 (PL 102-477), as amended, permits Tribes to consolidate CCDF
with a number of Federal employment, training, and related services
programs into a single, coordinated, comprehensive plan. The Office of
Self-Governance and Self-Determination, U.S. Department of the Interior,
serves as the Lead Agency for all PL 102-477 plans. Currently 31 of the
265 Tribal CCDF grantees operate their child care services through
approved PL 102-477 plans.

***Good Start, Grow Smart*:**

**A Catalyst for Coordination**

Since the Bush Administration introduced the *Good Start, Grow Smart
(GSGS)* Early Learning Initiative in 2002, the number of Tribal and
State Child Care Administrators who have begun to dialogue about early
learning and literacy has grown significantly. The *GSGS* Early Learning
Initiative, which supports the school readiness of young children,
focuses on strengthening Head Start, partnering with the States to
improve early learning, and providing parents, teachers and caregivers
with information on early learning. It focuses on strengthening Head
Start, partnering with the States to improve early learning, and
providing parents, teachers and caregivers with information on early
learning. From the time *GSGS* was first introduced, the Child Care
Bureau has been working with the States to address three key areas:

-   Development of voluntary Early Learning Guidelines;

-   Creation of statewide professional development plans; and

-   Coordination of State early childhood programs and funding streams.

The Child Care Bureau has intentionally worked closely with the Tribes
in a variety of venues to ensure there is optimal Tribal input on how
the *Good Start, Grow Smart* Early Learning Initiative can support
Tribal early childhood goals---especially in the areas of culture and
language. At annual conferences, cluster trainings, and focus sessions
the overriding recommendation of Tribal CCDF Administrators is that
States should be encouraged to invite the involvement of Tribes in the
development and revisions of Early Learning Guidelines and professional
development plans.

The Child Care Bureau has communicated the collaboration message in a
number of ways to the State CCDF Administrators. Most importantly,
States received a copy of the booklet *A Tribal Guide to the Good Start,
Grow Smart Early Learning Initiative* with an accompanying message from
the Child Care Bureau encouraging State-Tribal collaboration. This
booklet--- which encourages Tribal and State coordination around the
development of State Early Learning Guidelines---was designed to assist
Tribal CCDF grantees in gaining a better understanding of President
Bush's plan to strengthen early care and education and provide Tribes
with the knowledge needed to become active participants in this process.

Although Tribes are not required to address the *GSGS* priorities in
their CCDF plans at this time, many are deciding to use the States'
voluntary early learning guidelines as a resource to improve their own
literacy and early childhood programs. And, some States have enhanced
their guidelines to include Native culture and language considerations
because they have listened to the voices of the Tribal early childhood
experts. States have further learned from Tribes around how to integrate
and coordinate early care and education programs, since many Tribal
communities are far ahead of the States in addressing community-wide
collaboration.

**Benefits of Tribal-State Collaboration**

Tribal and State CCDF Administrators are learning that there are far
more benefits to collaboration than simply meeting the Federal
requirements of consulting with each other around the development of
their CCDF plans. Overall, both State and Tribal child care leaders cite
benefits to the children and families as the greatest rationale for
working together. When the two governments sit down together and learn
about each other's programs and issues, they can create opportunities
that help both systems reach their shared goals to provide accessible,
affordable, and quality child care services.

One of the primary reasons to collaborate is that Indian children have
dual eligibility for both State and Tribal CCDF assistance. States and
Tribes have both found that it is in their best interests to work out a
system that supports families to make their own decisions as to whether
to access Tribal or State programs. States and Tribes recognize that by
working together they can avoid duplication, and maximize limited
resources. They also share and learn about each other's best practices
in such areas as policy development, training, licensing, and developing
culturally sensitive and relevant services.

States governments are increasingly finding ways to encourage---and even
require---all of their departments to coordinate with Tribes. For
example, in its 2004 report *Oregon's Approach to State-Tribal
Relations* the State of Oregon's Legislative Commission on Indian
Services concludes that State- Tribal coordination benefits all citizens
of Oregon. The report states:

> ***In the current weak economy, seeking the most efficient provider of
> government services---avoiding duplication and supporting efforts to
> create jobs (particularly in rural areas) is a priority for both the
> States and Tribes.***

The National Congress of American Indians (NCAI) and the National
Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL) sum up the benefits of State-
Tribal coordination efforts in *Government to Government---Understanding
State and Tribal Governments* (June 2002).

> ***No government can operate effectively unless it coordinates with
> neighboring governments. By collaborating on issues of mutual concern,
> states and tribes have the opportunity to improve governance and
> better serve their respective constituents.***

**Successful Tribal-State Collaborations**

In their FY 2004-2005 CCDF plans Tribes and States describe a number of
ways they are coming together to coordinate services and support each
other. Seven major areas of child care coordination and collaboration
have been identified, including:

-   Joint planning and policy-making

-   Child care subsidies and dual enrollment

-   The development of Early Learning Guidelines

-   Child care resource and referral delivery

-   Child care licensing

-   Training and professional development

-   Grant and funding opportunities

The following examples highlight each of these major areas of
coordination:

***Joint Planning and Policy-making***

The State of Washington has established a State-Tribal workgroup that
brings together Tribal, State, and Federal child care leaders to get to
know one another, share information, and develop joint efforts.
Arizona's Child Care Administrator has appointed a Tribal Liaison and
also participates in the Arizona Tribal Early Childhood Working Group.
Convened by the Inter-Tribal Council of Arizona, this group has adopted
a set of guidelines to improve the coordination and quality of child
care. In Alaska, the CCDF Lead Agency hosts regular teleconferences with
the 31 Alaska Native Tribal CCDF directors.

***Child Care Subsidies and Dual Enrollment***

Nevada and Wisconsin are two of a handful of states that have worked
with Tribes to develop formal agreements around the delivery of child
care services. Wisconsin contracts with eleven Tribes to administer the
State program for Tribal families within the Tribes' service delivery
areas.

***The Development of Early Learning Guidelines***

Increasingly, States---including Alaska, Idaho, North Carolina,
Oklahoma, Washington, and Wisconsin---have ensured that Tribal CCDF
representatives are an integral part of the development and
implementation of Early Learning Guidelines, as called for by the *Good
Start, Grow Smart* Initiative. Some Tribal CCDF administrators are
asking to join "the Early Learning Guideline table" when they find that
Tribes are not represented. This is especially important since many
Tribal CCDF and Head Start programs are choosing to adopt the States'
guidelines or adapt them to meet the cultural and linguistic needs of
their children and families.

***Child Care Resource and Referral Delivery***

Minnesota and Oklahoma are two states that directly contract with Tribes
to provide comprehensive child care resource and referral (CCR&R)
services. Minnesota contracts with the Leech Lake Band of Ojibwe Early
Childhood Education Department to provide statewide CCR&R services to
all eleven Tribes in the State. Oklahoma's approach is to fund two
Tribes---the Cherokee Nation and Delaware Tribe---to serve as CCR&Rs
agencies for Indian and non-Indian families and providers in large
multi-county areas of the State.

***Child Care Licensing and Monitoring***

Louisiana and Oklahoma have reciprocal licensing agreements with
specific Tribes that allow the Tribes and States to cross-monitor child
care programs by sharing monitoring reports and conducting joint
complaint investigations. Tribal child care monitoring staff is also
included in all State training for licensing/monitoring staff.

***Training and Professional Development***

A number of States and Tribes participate in shared cross-training and
professional development opportunities. For example, Montana's CCDF Lead
Agency encourages all local child care resource and referral agencies to
invite Tribal CCDF programs and providers to local training events.
Arizona helps fund and co-sponsors an annual statewide training
conference for Tribal child care providers. The White Earth Reservation
Child Care program in Minnesota annually sponsors and delivers a
state-of-the-art Community Collaborative Brain Development Conference
that draws over 1,000 local, state, and out-of-state Tribal and
non-Tribal participants.

***Grant and Funding Opportunities***

Nearly all State CCDF programs include Tribal programs in all
announcements of funding and requests for proposals. Some Tribes and
States have collaborated on more innovative funding strategies. Using
CCDF and foundation funds, South Dakota has collaborated with the Tribes
to hire infant-toddler specialist/trainers within each Tribe. Oklahoma
and the Oklahoma Tribal Child Care Association have brought together a
wide range of partners to become a pilot site for the national Sparking
Connections research project aimed at improving family, friend and
neighbor care. Five Tribes are participating in the research project,
with funding assistance from the Child Care Bureau.

This compilation highlights just a few of the examples of the work that
Tribes and States are undertaking together. How did they do it? All have
collaboration stories rich in lessons they have learned. Most of those
stories involve sitting down with each other and learning about each
other's programs and common issues. It always takes someone---either a
Tribal Child Care leader or a State Child Care leader---to take that
first step. In Alaska, the State-Tribal collaboration is now viewed as
simply the way to do business. In the words of Mary Lorence, the Alaska
State Child Care Administrator:

> ***I really believe that the more the State and the Tribes can learn
> about each other's systems and identify possible areas of
> collaboration---whether to help a provider purchase necessary items to
> get licensed or to combine resources for putting on a training---the
> better we can work together to improve the quality and availability of
> child care, especially in our rural areas. It is essential, especially
> in these times of belt tightening, that we all work together towards
> the common purpose of helping parents choose child care that fits
> their needs and assist and support child care providers in providing
> quality care. The opportunities are tremendous when we join forces;
> together we can achieve so much more than our individual efforts.***

**Important Tribal, State, and**

**Federal Contacts**

**Tribal CCDF Grantees**

**ALABAMA**

Poarch Band of Creek Indians, Atmore

**ALASKA**

Agdaagux Tribal Council, King Cove

Akiachak Native Community, Akiachak

Akiak Native Community, Akiak

Aleutian/Pribilof Islands Association, Anchorage

Arctic Slope Native Association, Ltd., Barrow

Asa'carsarmiut Tribal Council, Mountain Village

Association of Village Council Presidents, Bethel

Bristol Bay Native Association, Dillingham

Central Council Tlingit and Haida Tribes of Alaska, Juneau

Chilkat Indian Village, Haines

Chugachmiut, Anchorage

Cook Inlet Tribal Council, Inc., Anchorage

Copper River Native Association, Copper River

Hoonah Indian Association, Hoonah

Kawerak, Inc., Nome

Kenaitze Indian Tribe IRA, Kenai

Kivalina I.R.A. Council, Kivalina

Knik Tribal Council, Wasilla

Kodiak Area Native Association, Kodiak

Maniilaq Association, Kotzebue

Metlakatla Indian Community, Metlakatla

Mt. Sanford Tribal Consortium, Gakona

Native Village of Barrow, Barrow

Native Village of Point Hope, Point Hope

Ninilchik Traditional Council, Ninilchik

Organized Village of Kwethluk, Kwethluk

Orutsararmiut Native Council, Bethel

Sitka Tribe of Alaska, Sitka

Tanana Chiefs Conference, Inc., Fairbanks

Tuluksak Native Village, Tuluksak

Yakutat Tlingit Tribe, Yakutat

**ARIZONA**

Cocopah Indian Tribe, Somerton

Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation, Fountain Hills

Gila River Indian Community, Sacaton

Havasupai Tribal Council, Supai

Hopi Tribe, Kykotsmovi

Hualapai Tribe, Peach Springs

Navajo Nation, Window Rock

Pascua Yaqui Tribe, Tucson

Quechan Indian Tribe, Yuma

Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community, Scottsdale

San Carlos Apache Tribe, San Carlos

Tohono O'odham Nation, Sells

White Mountain Apache Tribe, Whiteriver

Yavapai-Apache Nation, Camp Verde

**CALIFORNIA**

Bear River Band of Rohnerville Rancheria, Loleta

Bishop Paiute Tribe, Bishop

California Indian Manpower Consortium, Inc., Sacramento

California Rural Indian Health Board, Inc., Sacramento

Campo Band of Mission Indians Seven Tribes Consortium, Campo

Cloverdale Rancheria, Cloverdale

Cortina Indian Rancheria, Williams

Coyote Valley Tribal Council, Redwood Valley

Dry Creek Rancheria, Geyserville

Enterprise Rancheria, Oroville

Fort Mojave Indian Tribe, Needles

Hoopa Valley Tribe, Hoopa

Hopland Band of Pomo Indians, Hopland

Inter-Tribal Council of California, Inc., Sacramento

Karuk Tribe of California, Happy Camp

La Jolla Band of Indians, Pauma Valley

Lytton Rancheria Band of Pomo Indians, Santa Rosa

Mechoopda Indian Tribe of Chico Rancheria, Chico

Mooretown Rancheria, Oroville

North Fork Rancheria, Northfork

Pala Band of Mission Indians, Pala

Pauma Band of Mission Indians, Pauma Valley

Pechanga Indian Reservation, Temecula

Picayune Rancheria of the Chukchansi Indians, Coarsegold

Pinoleville Indian Reservation, Ukiah

Pit River Tribe, Burney

Potter Valley Tribe, Ukiah

Quartz Valley Indian Reservation, Fort Jones

Redding Rancheria, Redding

Rincon Indian Reservation, Valley Center

Robinson Rancheria, Nice

Round Valley Indian Tribes, Covelo

Scotts Valley Band of Pomo Indians, Kelseyville

Shingle Springs Rancheria, Shingle Springs

Smith River Rancheria, Smith River

Southern California Tribal Chairman's Association, Inc., Valley Center

Susanville Indian Rancheria, Susanville

Table Bluff Reservation, Loleta

Torres Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians, Thermal

Tyme Maidu of the Berry Creek Rancheria, Oroville

United Auburn Indian Community (UAIC), Rocklin

Yurok Tribe, Klamath

**COLORADO**

Southern Ute Indian Tribe, Ignacio

Ute Mountain Ute Tribe, Towaoc

**FLORIDA**

Miccosukee Tribe of Florida, Miami

**HAWAII**

ALU LIKE Native Hawaiian Child Care Assistance Project, Honolulu

**IDAHO**

Sac & Fox of the Mississippi in Iowa, Tama

Coeur d'Alene Tribes, Plummer

Nez Perce Tribe, Lapwai

Northwestern Band of the Shoshone Nation, Pocatello

Shoshone-Bannock Tribes, Fort Hall

**IOWA**

Iowa Tribe of Kansas and Nebraska, Hiawatha

**KANSAS**

Kickapoo Tribe of Kansas, Horton

Prairie Band of Potawatomi Indians, Mayetta

**LOUISIANA**

Chitimacha Indian Tribe, Charenton

Coushatta Tribe of Louisiana, Elton

Tunica Biloxi Tribe, Marksville

**MAINE**

Aroostook Band of Micmac Indians, Presque Isle

Houlton Band of Maliseet Indians, Houlton

Passamaquoddy Tribe, Princeton

Passamaquoddy Tribe at Pleasant Point Reservation, Perry

Penobscot Indian Nation, Indian Island City

**MASSACHUSETTS**

Wampanoag Tribe of Gay Head (Aquinnah), Aquinnah

**MICHIGAN**

Bay Mills Indian Community, Brimley

Grand Traverse Band of Ottawa & Chippewa Indians, Peshawbestown

Hannahville Indian Community, Wilson

Keweenaw Bay Indian Community, Baraga

Lac Vieux Desert/Band of Lake Chippewa Indians, Watersmeet

Little Traverse Bay Band of Odawa, Harbor Springs

Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians, Dowagiac

Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians, Sault Ste. Marie

**MINNESOTA**

Bois Forte Reservation Tribal Council, Nett Lake

Fond du Lac Reservation, Cloquet

Grand Portage Day Care Center, Grand Portage

Leech Lake Band of Ojibwe, Cass Lake

Lower Sioux Indian Community, Morton

Mdewakanton Dakota Sioux (Prairie Island), Welch

Mille Lacs Band of Ojibwe Indians, Onamia

Red Lake Band of Chippewa Indians, Redby

Shakopee Mdewakanton Dakota Community, Prior Lake

Upper Sioux Indian Community, Granite Falls

White Earth Reservation Tribal Council, White Earth

**MISSISSIPPI**

Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians, Choctaw

**MISSOURI**

Eastern Shawnee Tribe, Seneca

**MONTANA**

Blackfeet Tribe, Browning

Chippewa-Cree Tribe of Rocky Boys Reservation, Box Elder

Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes of Flathead Nation, Pablo

Crow Tribe, Crow Agency

Fork Belknap Indian Community, Hays

Fort Peck Tribes Assiniboine & Sioux, Poplar

Northern Cheyenne Tribal Council, Lame Deer

**NEBRASKA**

Omaha Tribe of Nebraska, Macy

Ponca Tribe of Nebraska, Norfolk

Santee Sioux Tribe of Nebraska, Niobrara

Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska, Winnebago

**NEVADA**

Ely Shoshone Tribe, Ely

Fallon Paiute Shoshone Tribe, Fallon

Inter-Tribal Council of Nevada, Reno

Las Vegas Paiute Tribe, Las Vegas

Pyramid Lake Paiute Tribe, Nixon

Reno-Sparks Indian Colony, Reno

Shoshone-Paiute Tribe of Duck Valley Reservation, Owyhee

Walker River Paiute Tribe, Schurz

**NEW MEXICO**

Eight Northern Indian Pueblos Council, Inc., San Juan Pueblo

Mescalero Apache Tribe, Mescalero

Pueblo de Cochiti, Cochiti

Pueblo of Acoma, Pueblo of Acoma

Pueblo of Isleta, Isleta

Pueblo of Jemez, Jemez Pueblo

Pueblo of Laguna, Laguna

Pueblo of San Felipe, San Felipe

Pueblo of Sandia, Bernalillo

Pueblo of Santa Ana, Bernalillo

Pueblo of Zia, Zia Pueblo

Pueblo of Zuni, Zuni

Santo Domingo Tribe, Santo Domingo Pueblo

Taos Pueblo, Taos

**NEW YORK**

Seneca Nation of Indians, Salamanca

St. Regis Mohawk Tribe, Akwesasne

**NORTH CAROLINA**

Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians, Cherokee

**NORTH DAKOTA**

Spirit Lake Sioux Tribe, Fort Totten

Standing Rock Sioux Tribe, Fort Yates

Three Affiliated Tribes, New Town

Trenton Indian Service Area, Trenton

Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa, Belcourt

**OKLAHOMA**

Absentee Shawnee Tribe, Shawnee

Alabama Quassarte Tribal Town, Wetumka

Apache Tribe of Oklahoma, Anadarko

Caddo Indian Tribe of Oklahoma, Binger

Central Tribes of the Shawnee Area, Inc., Shawnee

Cherokee Nation, Tahlequah

Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes of Oklahoma, Concho

Chickasaw Nation, Ada

Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma, Durant

Citizen Potawatomi Nation, Shawnee

Comanche Tribe of Oklahoma, Lawton

Delaware Tribe of Indians, Bartlesville

Delaware Tribe of Western Oklahoma, Anadarko

Fort Sill Apache Tribe, Apache

Iowa Nation of Oklahoma, Perkins

Kaw Nation of Oklahoma, Newkirk

Kialegee ETVLWV, Wetumka

Kickapoo Tribe of Oklahoma, McLoud

Kiowa Tribe of Oklahoma, Carnegie

Miami Tribe of Oklahoma, Miami

Modoc Tribe of Oklahoma, Miami

Muscogee (Creek) Nation, Okmulgee

Osage Nation, Pawhuska

Otoe-Missouria Tribe, Red Rock

Ottawa Tribe of Oklahoma, Miami

Pawnee Nation of Oklahoma, Pawnee

Ponca Tribe of Oklahoma, Ponca City

Quapaw Tribe of Oklahoma, Quapaw

Seminole Nation of Oklahoma, Wewoka

Seneca-Cayuga Tribe, Grove

Shawnee Tribe, Miami

Thlopthlocco Tribal Town, Okemah

Tonkawa Tribe of Oklahoma, Tonkawa

United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians, Parkhill

Wichita and Affiliated Tribes, Anadarko

Wyandotte Nation of Oklahoma, Wyandotte

**OREGON**

Burns Paiute Tribe, Burns

Confederated Tribes of Coos, Lower Umpqua

and Siuslaw Indians, Coos Bay

Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde, Grand Ronde

Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians, Siletz

Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation, Pendleton

The Confederated Tribes of the Warm Springs, Warm Springs

Coquille Indian Tribe, Coos Bay

Cow Creek Band of Umpqua Tribe of Indians, Roseburg

Klamath Tribes, Chiloquin

**RHODE ISLAND**

Narragansett Indian Tribe, Charlestown

**SOUTH CAROLINA**

Catawba Indian Nation, Rock Hill

**SOUTH DAKOTA**

Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe, Eagle Butte

Crow Creek Sioux Tribe, Fort Thompson

Flandreau Santee Sioux Tribe, Flandreau

Lower Brule Sioux Tribe, Lower Brule

Oglala Sioux Tribe, Pine Ridge

Rosebud Sioux Tribe, Rosebud

Sisseton-Wahpeton Sioux Tribe, Agency Village

Yankton Sioux Tribe, Marty

**TEXAS**

Alabama-Coushatta Tribe of Texas, Livingston

Ysleta del Sur Pueblo, El Paso

**UTAH**

Paiute Indian Tribe of Utah, Cedar City

Ute Indian Tribe, Fort Duchesne

**WASHINGTON**

Colville Confederated Tribes, Nespelem

Hoh Tribe, Forks

Jamestown S'Klallam Tribe, Sequim

Kalispel Tribe of Indians, Usk

Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe, Port Angeles

Lummi Indian Business Council, Bellingham

Makah Tribal Council, Neah Bay

Muckleshoot Indian Tribe, Auburn

Nooksack Indian Tribe, Deming

Port Gamble S'Klallam Tribe, Kingston

Puyallup Tribe of Indians, Puyallup

Quileute Tribal School, La Push

Quinault Indian Nation, Taholah

Samish Indian Nation, Anacortes

Sauk-Suiattle Indian Tribe, Darrington

Skokomish Indian Tribe, Shelton

Snoqualmie Tribe, Carnation

South Puget Intertribal Planning Agency, Shelton

Spokane Tribe of Indians, Wellpinit

Stillaguamish Tribe of Indians, Arlington

The Suquamish Tribe, Suquamish

Swinomish Indian Tribal Community, LaConner

The Tulalip Tribes, Marysville

Upper Skagit Indian Tribe, Sedro-Woolley

Yakama Nation, Toppenish

**WISCONSIN**

Bad River Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians, Odanah

Forest County Potawatomi, Crandon

Ho-Chunk Nation, Black River Falls

Lac Courte Oreilles Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians, Hayward

Lac du Flambeau Band of the Superior Chippewa Indians, Lac du Flambeau

Menominee Indian Tribe of Wisconsin, Keshena

Oneida Tribe of Indians of Wisconsin, Oneida

Red Cliff Band of Lake Superior Chippewas, Bayfield

Sokaogon Chippewa Community Mole Lake Band, Crandon

St. Croix Chippewa Tribe of Wisconsin, Hertel

Stockbridge-Munsee Tribe Ma\^Quaw Den, Bowler

**WYOMING**

Eastern Shoshone Nation, Ft. Washakie

Northern Arapaho Nation, Arapahoe

**State CCDF Grantees**

**Alabama Dept. of Human Resources**

Child Care Services Division

50 North Ripley Street

Montgomery, AL 36130

Phone: 334-242-9513

**Arizona Dept. of Economic Security**

Child Care Administration

1789 West Jefferson 801A

Phoenix, AZ 85007

Phone: 602- 542-4248

**Alaska Dept. of Health and Social**

**Services/Division of Public Assistance**

Child Care Programs Office

619 E. Ship Creek Ave, Suite 230

Anchorage, AK 99501-1677

Phone: 907-269-4500

**California State Dept. of Education**

Child Development Division

1430 N Street, Suite 3410

Sacramento, CA 95814

Phone: 916-322-6233

**Florida Partnership for School Readiness**

600 S. Calhoun Street, Holland Bldg, Room 251

Tallahassee, FL 32314

Phone: 850-922-4200

Toll-free Phone: 866-357-3239

**Colorado Dept. of Human Services**

Division of Child Care

1575 Sherman Street

Denver, CO 80203

Phone: 303-866-5958

Toll-free Phone: 800-799-5876

**Hawaii Dept. of Human Services**

Benefit, Employment, & Support Services Div.

820 Mililani Street, Suite 606, Haseko Center

Honolulu, HI 96813

Phone: 808-586-7050

**Idaho Dept. of Health and Welfare**

Division of Welfare

450 West State Street 2nd Floor

P.O. Box 83720

Boise, ID 83720

Phone: 208-334-5818

**Kansas Dept. of Social & Rehabilitation Services**

Child Care and Early Childhood Development

915 SW Harrison, 681W

Topeka, KS 66612

Phone: 785-296-0146

**Louisiana Dept. of Social Services**

Office of Family Support

755 Third St., Room 323

P.O. Box 94065

Baton Rouge, LA 70801

Phone: 225-342-3947

**Maine Dept. of Human Services**

Office of Child Care and Head Start

11 State House Station, 221 State Street

Augusta, ME 04333-0011

Phone: 207-287-5060

**Mississippi Dept. of Human Services**

Office of Children and Youth

750 North State Street

Jackson, MS 39202

Phone: 601-359-4555

Toll-free Phone: 800-877-7882

**Massachusetts Office of Child Care Services**

600 Washington St., 6th Floor, Suite 6100

Boston, MA 02111

Phone: 617-988-6600

**Michigan Family Independence Agency**

Child Development and Care Division

235 South Grand Ave., Suite 1302

P.O. Box 30037

Lansing, MI 48909

Phone: 517-373-0356

**Montana Dept. of Public Health & Human Services/Human & Community
Services Div.**

Early Childhood Services Bureau

P.O. Box 202952

Helena, MT 59620

Phone: 406-444-9120

**Minnesota Dept. of Human Services**

444 Lafayette Road

St. Paul, MN 55155-3834

Phone: 651-284-4203

**Nebraska Dept. of Health & Human Svcs.**

301 Centennial Mall South, 4th Floor

Lincoln, NE 68509

Phone: 402-471-9325

**Nevada Dept. of Human Resources**

Welfare Division

1470 East College Parkway

Carson City, NV 89706

Phone: 775-684-0677

**New Mexico Children, Youth & Families Dept.**

Child Care Services Bureau

P.O. Drawer 5160, PERA Building, Room 111

Santa Fe, NM 87502-5160

Phone: 800-610-7610, ext. 77499

Toll-free Phone: 800-832-1321

**New York State Office of Children and Family Services**

Bureau of Early Childhood Services

52 Washington Street, Riverview Center, 6th Fl.

Rensselaer, NY 12144

Phone: 518-474-9454

**North Carolina Dept. of Health & Human Svcs.**

Division of Child Development

2201 Mail Service Center

Raleigh, NC 27699-2201

Phone: 919-662-4543

**North Dakota Dept. of Human Services**

Office of Economic Assistance

600 E. Boulevard Ave., State Cap. Judicial Wing

Bismarck, ND 58505

Phone: 701-328-2332

**Oklahoma Dept. of Human Services**

Division of Child Care

Sequoyah Mem. Office Bldg, PO Box 25352

Oklahoma City, OK 73125

Phone: 405-521 3561

Toll-free Phone: 800-347-2276

**Oregon Dept. of Employment**

Child Care Division

875 Union Street NE

Salem, OR 97311

Phone: 503-947-1400

Toll-free Phone: 800-556-6616

**South Carolina Dept. of Social Services**

1535 Confederate Avenue Extension

P.O. Box 1520

Columbia, SC 29201

Phone: 803-898-2570

Toll-free Phone: 800-476-0199

**South Dakota Dept. of Social Services**

Child Care Services

700 Governors Drive

Pierre, SD 57501

Phone: 605-773-4766

Toll-free Phone: 800-227-3020

**Rhode Island Dept. of Human Services**

Louis Pasteur Bldg. #57

600 New London Avenue

Cranston, RI 02920

Phone: 401-462-3415

**Texas Workforce Commission**

Workforce Development Division

101 East 15th Street, Room 130-T

Austin, TX 78778-0001

Phone: 512-936-3058

**State of Utah Workforce Services**

Office of Child Care

140 East 300 South

Salt Lake City, UT 84111

Phone: 801-526-4341

**Washington State Economic Services Admin.**

Division of Child Care and Early Learning

1009 College St., MS 45480

Olympia, WA 98504-5480

Phone: 360-725-4665

Toll-free Phone: 866-482-4325

**Wyoming Dept. of Family Services**

Hathaway Building Rm. 383

2300 Capitol Avenue

Cheyenne, WY 82002-0490

Phone: 307-777-5491

**Wisconsin Dept. of Workforce Development**

Bureau of Workforce Solutions

201 East Washington Avenue

Madison, WI 53707

Phone: 608-266-3443

Toll-free Phone: 888-713-KIDS (5437)

**Federal Tribal Child Care Contacts**

**Child Care Bureau**

Switzer Building

Room 2046

330 C Street, S.W.

Washington, DC 20447

**Special Assistant -- Tribal Child Care Lead:**

Ginny Gorman

Phone: 202-401-7260

Email: ggorman@acf.hhs.gov

**Region I**

*(Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island,
Vermont)*

John F. Kennedy Building

Room 2000

Boston, MA 02203

**CCDF Tribal Lead Contact:**

Janine Gerry

Phone: 617-565-2461

Email: jgerry@acf.hhs.gov

**Region II**

*(New Jersey, New York, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands)*

26 Federal Plaza

Room 4114

New York, NY 10278

**CCDF Tribal Lead Contact:**

Amanda B. Guarino

Phone: 212-264-2890 x123

Email: aguarino@acf.hhs.gov

**Region III**

*(Delaware, District of Columbia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West
Virginia)*

**No Federally Recognized Tribes**

**Region IV**

*(Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina,
South Carolina, Tennessee)*

Atlanta Federal Center

61 Forsyth Street, S.W.

Suite 4M60

Atlanta, GA 30303

**CCDF Tribal Lead Contact:**

Darrel McGhee

Phone: 404-562-2936

Email: dmcghee@acf.hhs.gov

**Region V**

*(Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio, Wisconsin)*

233 N. Michigan Avenue

Chicago, IL 60601

**CCDF Tribal Lead Contact:**

Mary Jackson

Phone: 312-353-7022

Email: mjackson@acf.hhs.gov

**Region VI**

*(Arkansas, Louisiana, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas)*

1301 Young Street, Room 914

Dallas, TX 75202

**CCDF Tribal Lead Contact:**

Lisa Blackmon-Hansard

Phone: 214-767-8129

Email: lblackmon@acf.hhs.gov

(Program issues)

Ken Cook

Phone: 214-767-8822

Email: kcook@acf.hhs.gov

(Fiscal issues)

**Region VII**

*(Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska)*

601 East 12th Street

Room 384

Kansas City, MO 64106

**CCDF Tribal Lead Contact:**

Les Thierolf

Phone: 816-426-2265 ext. 175

Email: lthierolf@acf.hhs.gov

**Region VIII**

*(Colorado, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Utah, Wyoming)*

Federal Office Building

1961 Stout Street

Room 974

Denver, CO 80294-3538

**CCDF Tribal Lead Contact:**

Doreen McNicholas

Phone: 303-844-1174

Email: dmcnicholas@acf.hhs.gov

**Region IX**

*(Arizona, California, Guam, Hawaii, Nevada, American Samoa, Territory
of Pacific Islands)*

50 United Nations Plaza

Room 450

San Francisco, CA 94102

**CCDF Tribal Lead Contact:**

Bob Garcia

Phone: 415-437-8439

Email: rogarcia@acf.hhs.gov

**Region X**

*(Alaska, Idaho, Oregon, Washington)*

Blanchard Plaza

2201 Sixth Avenue

Room M/S 70

Seattle, WA 98121

**CCDF Tribal Lead Contact:**

Judy Ogliore

Phone: 206-615-2568

Email: jogliore@acf.hhs.gov

(Idaho and Washington programs)

Melodie Rothwell

Phone: 206-615-2118

Email: mrothwell@acf.hhs.gov

(Alaska and Oregon programs)

**Tribal Child Care Technical**

**Assistance Center (TriTAC)**

**Ponca City Office**

1455 Harvest Road

Ponca City, OK 74604

Phone: 580-762-8850

Fax: 580-762-8013

Email: killscrow@cableone.net

**Linda Kills Crow**

Director

**McLean Office**

6858 Old Dominion Drive, Suite 302

McLean, Virginia 22101

Toll Free: 800-388-7670

Phone: 703-821-2226

Fax: 703-821-8626

Email: tritac2@aol.com

Website: http://nccic.org/tribal

**Websites**

**45 CFR Part 98**

http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_03/45cfr98_03.html

**45 CFR Part 98, Subpart G**

http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getcfr.

cgi?TITLE=45&PART=98&SUBPART=G&TYPE=TEXT

**45 CFR Part 98, Subpart H**

http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getcfr.

cgi?TITLE=45&PART=98&SUBPART=H&TYPE=TEXT

**45 CFR Part 98, Subpart I**

http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getcfr.

cgi?TITLE=45&PART=98&SUBPART=I&TYPE=TEXT

**45 CFR Part 99**

http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_03/45cfr99_03.html

**Administration for Children and Families (ACF)**

http://www.acf.hhs.gov

**Child Care and Development Fund (CCDF) Final Rule**

http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/ccb/policy1/current/finalrul/index.htm

**Child Care and Development Fund (CCDF) Final Report of State Plans**

http://nccic.org/pubs/stateplan/stateplan.pdf

**Child Care and Development Fund (CCDF) Law**

http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/ccb/policy1/current/ccdbgact/index.htm

**Child Care Bureau (CCB)**

http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/ccb

***Good Start, Grow Smart* Early Learning Initiative**

http://nccic.org/pubs/goodstart/index.html

***Government to Government---Understanding State and Tribal
Governments* (June 2002),**

**National Conference of State Legislatures**

http://www.ncsl.org/programs/statetribe/publications.htm

**Indian Employment, Training and Related Services Demonstration Act,
as**

**amended (Public Law 102-477)**

http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?c102:S.1530.ENR:

**Minimum Standards for Tribal Child Care Homes and Tribal Child Care
Centers**

http://nccic.org/tribal/min-std.html

**National Conference of State Legislatures**

http://www.ncsl.org

**National Congress of American Indians**

http://www.ncai.org

**Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of
1996**

**(PRWORA) (Public Law 104-193)**

http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?c104:H.R.3734.ENR:

**Presidential Executive Order 13175, Consultation and Coordination with
Indian Tribal**

**Governments (November 6, 2000)**

http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=2000_register&docid=fr09no00-167

**Presidential Memorandum, Government-to-Government Relationship with
Tribal**

**Governments (September 23, 2004)**

www.whitehouse.gpv/news/releases/2004/09/200409.23-4.html

**State of Oregon's Legislative Commission on Indian Services**

www.leg.state.or.us/cis/odair/state_tribal_relations.pdf.

***Tribal Guide to the Good Start, Grow Smart Early Learning
Initiative***

http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/ccb/ta/gsgs1.htm

**U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS)**

http://www.hhs.gov

**U.S. Department of the Interior**

http://www.doi.gov/