Required Report - public distribution

**Date:** 2/23/2004

**GAIN Report Number:** SR4002

SR4002

**Serbia**

**FAIRS Product Specific**

**Food and Agricultural Import Regulations and Standards, Serbia and
Montenegro**

**2004**

**Approved by:**

![](media/image1.wmf)Holly Higgins

U.S. Embassy

**Prepared by:**

Tatjana Buric

**Report Highlights:**

**This report provides information on laws and regulations for food,
food import rules and contact information in Serbia and Montenegro.**

Includes PSD Changes: No

Includes Trade Matrix: No

Unscheduled Report

Sofia \[BU1\]

\[SR\]

Table of Contents

[FOOD LAWS 3](#food-laws)

[Executive Summary 3](#executive-summary)

[Foreign Trade and Customs Policies
3](#foreign-trade-and-customs-policies)

[Food safety 4](#food-safety)

[LABELING REQUIREMENTS 5](#labeling-requirements)

[PACKAGING AND CONTAINER REGULATIONS
7](#packaging-and-container-regulations)

[FOOD ADDITIVE REGULATIONS 7](#food-additive-regulations)

[PESTICIDE AND OTHER CONTAMINANTS IN FOODS
8](#pesticide-and-other-contaminants-in-foods)

[OTHER REGULATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS
10](#other-regulations-and-requirements)

[OTHER SPECIFIC STANDARDS 10](#other-specific-standards)

[COPYRIGHT AND TRADEMARK LAWS 10](#copyright-and-trademark-laws)

[IMPORT PROCEDURES 11](#import-procedures)

[APPENDIX I. GOVERNMENT REGULATORY AGENCY CONTACTS
13](#appendix-i.-government-regulatory-agency-contacts)

[APPENDIX II. OTHER IMPORTANT CONTACTS FOR U.S. EXPORTERS
17](#appendix-ii.-other-important-contacts-for-u.s.-exporters)

This report was prepared by the Office of Agricultural Affairs of the
USDA/Foreign Agricultural Service in Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro for
U.S. exporters of domestic food and agricultural products. While every
possible care was taken in the preparation of this report, information
provided may not be completely accurate either because policies have
changed since its preparation, or because clear and consistent
information about these policies was not available. It is highly
recommended that U.S. exporters verify the full set of import
requirements with their foreign customers, who are normally best
equipped to research such matters with local authorities, before any
goods are shipped. FINAL IMPORT APPROVAL OF ANY PRODUCT IS SUBJECT TO
THE IMPORTING COUNTRY'S RULES AND REGULATIONS AS INTERPRETED BY BORDER
OFFICIALS AT THE TIME OF PRODUCT ENTRY.

# FOOD LAWS

## Executive Summary

The responsibilities regarding food laws are divided by the two
republics (Serbia and Montenegro). Each republic now follows older
federal (Yugoslav) laws on food safety with separate enforcement and
implementation mechanisms. Serbia and Montenegro have formed a working
group involved in preparation of a new joint food safety law due to be
finalized in 2004. This law will be WTO compliant and will lay the
groundwork for possible EU membership application. As of February 2004,
Serbia and Montenegro are not WTO members, nor are they full CODEX
members. Serbia and Montenegro recently became OIE and FAO members
again, but are not yet UPOV members. In November 2003 the U.S. Congress
has passed a law granting MFN status to Serbia and Montenegro.
Currently,

Montenegro follows Serbia's lead on food safety issues and often adopts
Serbian implementing regulation. However, Montenegro has its own
Ministries of Health, Agriculture and Environment, which monitor
specific issues and develop policy specific to local requirements. While
Serbia technically includes the province of Kosovo, the UN's Mission in
Kosovo (UNMIK) oversees all policy and regulations in Kosovo.

## Foreign Trade and Customs Policies 

Issues regarding foreign trade and customs tariffs are regulated by
republic level laws, including the Serbian Law on Foreign Trade
("Official Gazette" No. 23/2001), and the Law on Customs Tariff
("Official Gazette" 127/2003) and the Montenegro Law on Trade ("Official
Gazette" No. 23/2001) and the Law on Customs Tariff ("Official Gazette
RCG" No.21/2003).

The two republics currently have separate customs, tax, veterinary,
phytosanitary and sanitary services. These differences were partially
harmonized under pressure from the EU as Serbia and Montenegro prepares
for a pre-accession agreement. While Serbia and Montenegro have resolved
55 percent of all agriculture tariff positions, the outstanding tariff
differences are the most difficult and cover sensitive agriculture
commodities in Chapters 1-24. Serbia and Montenegro have agreed to a
three-year plan for harmonizing these different tariff lines.

The "Law on Foreign Trade" in both Serbia and Montenegro promotes the
free trade of goods and services. Officially, restrictions and imports
bans are applied to protect public health and guard the domestic market
against subsidized or dumped products.

Agreements on free trade (FTAs) under the Stability Pact initiative
strive to create free trade areas in South East Europe. Serbia and
Montenegro have signed FTAs with Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and
Herzegovina, FYR Macedonia, Romania, Hungary, Bulgaria and Moldova. On
January 1, 2004, many tariffs fell for goods originating from South East
Europe. Also in January 2004, Bosnia and Herzegovina announced
suspension of FTA provisions with Serbia and Montenegro concerning
tariffs on agricultural imports for a temporary period of 90 days. The
FTAs with Slovenia and Hungary will become non-operational when both
countries join the EU in May 2004.

Although Serbia and Montenegro have their own Customs Administration
they both apply the Harmonized System (HS) of commodity description and
coding. Customs tariffs for agricultural products range from 5 to 30
percent of imported values, with additional levies for some agricultural
products based on unit weight, in dinar or Euro/kg (for product specific
tariff information, please contact the Belgrade FAS Office listed in
Appendix II).

Taxes are applied at the same rates for locally produced and imported
goods. Serbia is still applying sales tax of 20 percent on most goods.
The newly develop law on value added tax in Serbia is under
Parliamentary consideration, but is expected to be enforced during 2004.
Montenegro is applying value-added taxes (VAT) of 17 percent on average,
as of January 1, 2003 on all products (including some food and
agricultural goods).

# Food safety

As with Customs and foreign trade regulation, there are separate
authorities in Serbia and Montenegro regarding food safety. These
separate authorities apply identical laws, but implementation details
may vary.

Veterinary and phyto-sanitary laws and regulations in Serbia and
Montenegro are taken from the Federal Yugoslav Law and are, as of
January 2004, completely identical. However, there are separate
authorities in each republic implementing those laws and regulations. In
accordance with the joint agreement for creating a union of Serbia and
Montenegro, both republics signed (April 2003) a "Protocol on
Harmonization of Actions and Procedures in Foreign Trade of Goods
Subject to Mandatory Veterinary-Sanitary and Phytosanitary Control at
the Border." The result is that the two republics agree to mutual
recognition of official actions taken on imported food items, including
when products enter one republic for transit to the other.
Responsibility for food safety is thus shared by the Serbian and
Montenegrin Ministries of Health, Agriculture and Trade.

The Ministries of Health in Serbia and Montenegro have both domestic and
border (import) Sanitary Inspection units responsible for the
wholesomeness of imported foods. Inspection takes place at border
crossings or at the customs clearance point.

The Ministries of Agriculture in Serbia and Montenegro issue import
approvals for foods of animal origin, veterinary drugs, seeds, planting
materials and pesticides. For other products, permits are not required.
Ministries in both republics have Veterinary and Phytosanitary
Inspection units that issue certificates. The inspections take place at
border crossings.

The ministries of Trade and Economy in Serbia and Montenegro have
distinct "Market Inspection" units that charged with quality control for
imported foods. They inspect imported food products at the customs
points and inspect food in retail distribution.

The following laws and regulations are relevant both for locally
processed and imported foods:

-   The Law on Sanitary Control of Food and Goods of general use (both
    republics are applying the old Law of the Socialist Republic of
    Yugoslavia ("Official Gazette" no. 53/1991, re-published in the
    "Official Gazette" of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia no.
    37/2002). This law applies to foods, spices, additives, processing
    equipment, packaging material as well as tobacco and products. It
    regulates both food hygiene (subject to specific ordinances,
    residues, changes in food quality due to the physical, chemical,
    microbiological and other processes, expiry date, original package
    and bulk-packaged foods labeling) and nutritive value (subject to
    the specific ordinances regulating quality of each type of food).
    Sanitary inspectors work in accordance to this law.

-   Enforcement is done in accordance with the laws on Market Inspection
    (Serbian "Official Gazette" no 80/2002 and Montenegro "Official
    Gazette" no. 56/92) and the Law on Quality Control Of Imported and
    Exported Goods (Federal "Official Gazette" no. 28/96). Quality
    control for all types of products is done by visual checks and for
    products listed in the above mentioned Laws (almost everything that
    is considered as food) additional safety checks are done, using
    laboratory testing on basic ingredients. Visual checks involve
    product identification (origin, type, quantity), determining if
    labeling and packaging requirements have been met, and checking for
    the necessary statements containing the importer's name and address,
    the product's general appearance, taste, flavor, presence of
    residues, color, structure, checking if the transportation
    requirements have been met and etc. Specific ordinances define
    sampling procedures.

Quality control of imported products can be done again after the import
procedure has been completed and prior to retail distribution on the
market. Inspection can be done also after the retail distribution in the
store.

The quality of individual groups of products is subject to specific
ordinances (e.g. Quality of Poultry Meat and Meat Products "Official
Gazette no. 51/88 and 55/91; Quality of Swine Meat and Meat Products
"Official Gazette" no. 24/86; Quality of Milk and Milk Products
"Official Gazette no. 26/02; Quality of Honey and other Bee Products
"Official Gazette no. 7/92; Quality of Beer "Official Gazette no. 88/94
etc.).

# LABELING REQUIREMENTS

The "Law on Sanitary Correctness of Food and Goods of General Use"
regulates labeling requirements for food. Accordingly, a label must be
present in both retail and bulk packaged foods and must indicate the
following: expiration date, type and content of food additives, type and
content of added vitamins, minerals, and other ingredients added to
enrich the product's nutritional value.

Labels on foods that have been changed nutritionally for special diets
must clearly indicate "dietetic food."

The "Law on Quality Control of Imported and Exported Goods" says that a
label must clearly indicate the name of the product, manufacturer's
complete address, name and address of the importer, and important
information such as net weight in metric units, ingredients,
instructions for use (if necessary) and storage and any important
information and warnings.

If an original label is in English (e.g. standard U.S. label) or any
other language, the seller is obliged to prepare translated stick-on
labels and deliver them together with imported products. It is the
importer's obligation to place those translated labels on products prior
to retail distribution.

For each type of food product a specific ordinance spells out labeling
requirements; for example, according to the ordinance for "Quality of
Edible Vegetables Oils and Fats, Mayonnaise and Related Products"
(Yugoslav "Official Gazette" no. 20/00 dated 12 May, 2000), a label must
clearly indicate the following:

1)  product's name and brand name if any,

2)  manufacturer's name and complete address,

3)  date of manufacturing (day/month/year),

4)  "use by" or "best before" date,

5)  product's net-weight (mass or volume),

6)  food additives,

7)  basic ingredients listed in order of their predominance and type and

8)  quantity of ingredients added to enrich product's nutritive value.

According to this ordinance the label must be noticeable, visible, clear
and legible. The product's and the manufacturer's names must be printed
in larger fonts (the size of font is not specified).

Labels for margarine and similar products must include the percentage of
individual components.

If vitamins are added the label must indicate "enriched with vitamins."

If the manufacturing and packaging companies are not the same, the label
must indicate the company that did the packaging.

Labels for honey must include its origin and production method (e.g.
comb, liquid, strained honey). If it was imported, it must be labeled
"imported honey."

Labels for roasted coffee must indicate its origin and date of roasting.

Meat products must indicate "chilled, "frozen", "heat treated",
"sliced", "chopped" etc. and must provide instructions for use and
storage if necessary. According to the ordinance for Quality of Poultry
Meat (Yugoslavia Official Gazette no.51/88 and 55/91), a label on
imported poultry meat must also clearly indicate the following:

1)  importer's name and complete address,

2)  products name and brand name if any,

3)  country of origin of meat or/and meat products

If products were artificially colored and preserved by preservatives, it
must be indicated right below the product's name, e.g. "artificially
colored" or "preserved by preservative" as well include an indication as
to which chemicals were used.

Claims such as "light" and "reduced" are permitted. However, generally
labels must not contain words, pictures and drawings and health-related
information that could mislead consumers regarding product's origin,
quantity and quality.

Food products produced through biotechnology (GMOs) in Serbia and
Montenegro are regulated by old Yugoslav "Law Governing Genetically
Modified Organisms" (Official Gazette no. 21/2001 dated May 8, 2001).
Each republic is applying the same federal law. The law and rulebooks
derived from the law have been designed to follow regulations adopted
and implemented by the European Union (EU directives 90/220 and 90/219).
The biotech law allows research or use of biotech events, but puts them
under strict supervision of the state. Permits for work, research,
contained use and marketing can be obtained by anyone who can meet the
regulated requirements. Shipments and imports of soybeans, soybean meal
and corn (and food byproducts) are tested for biotech content at the
border. Detection of GMOs is PCR based. Regulations on labeling for "GMO
content" were issued by the Serbian Ministry of Health in February 2003.
According to this regulation, all retail food labels on products with
biotech content (0.9 percent minimum) must include a yellow triangle,
framed with red border and containing the letters in English "GMO"
(black letters). All commercial and retail food and feed products must
be labeled, although it is not clear exactly how enforcement and control
will be regulated.

The "Law on Organic Agricultural Production" (Official Gazette
no.28/2000) and derived rulebooks (Official Gazette no. 51/2002) are
applied in both Serbia and Montenegro and are regulating production,
import, packaging, and transportation and labeling of organic food.

Food samples do not need to be labeled. If shipped to Serbia and
Montenegro, sample should be marked clearly on all packaging: "samples -
not for sale."

# PACKAGING AND CONTAINER REGULATIONS

Packaging requirements are subject to specific ordinances for each type
of food.

For example, packaging material for raw coffee packed in ½ kg units must
weigh less than 50 g per square meter. Packaging requirements for fresh
seafood products are very comprehensive.

However, in most cases there are no special requirements concerning
packaging material and container size. Most Serbian and Montenegrin
consumers prefer smaller packages and are price sensitive.

There are no legal requirements regarding the collection and recycling
of used packaging materials.

# FOOD ADDITIVE REGULATIONS

Food additives are regulated by the ordinance on "Quality of Foods
Additives" (Yugoslav "Official Gazette" no. 32/01 dated 28 June 2001).
According to that ordinance, additives are substances that are not foods
(regardless of their nutritive value) but are added to foods during
processing because of their effect on the food's organoleptic
characteristics. Substances added to enrich nutritive value and salt are
not considered as additives.

Additives can be added to foods if approved and listed in the so-called
"Positive List" provided in the above-mentioned ordinance (approx. 500
additives in total). The quantity used must be in accordance with
specific regulations for each group of products. Additives must not
affect/decrease a food product's nutritive value or change significantly
the taste and flavor of products, unless this is intent. They also must
not create toxins in products during the processing, storage or use.
They must be identifiable, which means that their type and quantity in
products can be tested, unless they were removed or destroyed during
processing. Additive usage generally must be justified from a technical
standpoint.

Additives are divided into 14 groups according to the "Positive List":

1)  antioxidants and synergists of antioxidants,

2)  preservatives,

3)  flavorings,

4)  flavor intensifiers,

5)  emulsifiers, stabilizers and coagulants,

6)  colorings,

7)  anticoagulants,

8)  acids,

9)  bases,

10) salts,

11) enzymes,

12) sweeteners,

13) processing accessory substances (against foaming, for filtration,
    catalysts)

For each of the above-mentioned groups there are specific requirements.

Additive labels must clearly indicate the following:

-   The additive's name according to the "Positive List", or mixture
    name, including its usage, and brand name if any,

-   The manufacturer's name and complete address,

-   The date of manufacturing (day/month/year) and "best before" date,

\- The product's net-weight (mass or volume) in metric units,

\- Basic ingredients:

\- For additives: The basic ingredient (active component) and its
quantity in units or

percentage compared to product's net-weight. An additive's basic
ingredient is its

active component. Additive carriers (e.g. ethanol) must be declared.

\- For additive mixtures: List additive names from the "Positive List"
in order of

their predominance compared to product's net-weight. If certain
additives can be used

only in limited quantity, the quantity must be declared.

\- Name of the country of origin-if imported

\- Printed indication that additive is GMO

\- Other information important to consumers

The product's name and the manufacturer's name must be printed in larger
fonts (size not specified). Labels must indicate the company that did
the packaging (name and address) if different from manufacturer.

Sodium nitrite, potassium and saltpeter mixtures used for pickling may
be sold but only in original packaging and must be marked as "warning --
poison" and "keep in dry place."

# PESTICIDE AND OTHER CONTAMINANTS IN FOODS

All imported food products must comply with domestic rules on pesticides
and other contaminants.

Although Serbia and Montenegro is not a member of the Codex Alimentarius
Commission, the CODEX; maximum residue limits (MRLs) are generally
recognized for imported foodstuffs.

There is a specific ordinance on residue limits for pesticides and other
contaminants, (e.g. hormones, antibiotics and mycotoxins) which can be
found in food. This is the ordinance on "Quantity of Pesticides, Metals,
Antibiotics, Hormones and other Contaminants in Food" published in the
Yugoslav "Official Gazette" no. 32/2002. Both Ministries of Agriculture
(Serbia and Montenegro) apply this ordinance.

According to the ordinance, pesticides are substances used for
protection of agricultural products against diseases and pests.
Pesticides and their maximum residue limits in foods are listed in a
special attachment. The list includes over 200 different pesticides,
their names, chemical names and maximum contents in milligrams per
kilogram (mg/kg) of food.

For concentrated and dehydrated products (e.g. milk powder, dried soups)
the maximum quantities are being calculated for a product that is used
for final consumption (on a liquid basis, e.g. liquid milk and soups).

Food contaminates are listed as lead, cadmium, mercury, zinc, tin,
cooper, arsenic, iron and other metals and nonmetals. The ordinance
provides a table with maximum residue limits for 47 different foods
(expressed in mg/kg).

Hormones and antibiotics residues are generally not allowed in food
products.

Maximum residue limits of mycotoxins are also regulated for grains,
flour, legumes, beans, nuts, coffee, roasted cocoa and peanuts.

The above mentioned lists are available from the FAS office in Belgrade
(see Appendix II).

Trade, imports and sampling of pesticides are regulated by the ordinance
of "Trade, imports and sampling when importing pesticides" (Yugoslav
"Official Gazette" no. 59/01 dated 2 November 2001).

Import permits for plant protection products must be obtained from the
Serbian and Montenegro Ministries of Agriculture, Phytosanitary
Departments.

**[For Serbia:]{.underline}**

Ministry of Agriculture and Water Management

Phytosanitary Department/Import and registration of pesticides/:

Omladinskih Brigada 1,

11070 New Belgrade

Serbia

Contact person: Ms. Snezana Petric

Tel: ++ 381 11 600 081

Fax: ++ 381 11 602 320

**[For Montenegro:]{.underline}**

Ministry of Agriculture, Water Management and Forestry

Phytosanitary Department

B.C."VECTRA"

81000 Podgorica

Montenegro

Contact person: Mr. Milan Markovic

Tel: ++ 381 81 482 107

Fax: ++ 381 81 2234 306

E-mail: <milanm@mn.yu>

Serbia and Montenegro has a list of approved pesticides that can be
imported and traded.

This list can be obtained from the Phytosanitary Departments in the
Ministries of Agriculture (as above listed). The latest list of
pesticides approved for import and trade was published in the Federal
"Official Gazette" no. 6/03.

# OTHER REGULATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS

Importers must request import approval from Serbian or Montenegro
Ministry of Agriculture for import of live animals and products of
animal origin (for contact details see Appendix I). Those requirements
are in accordance with the Office of International des Epizooties (OIE)
requirements. Serbia and Montenegro became member of OIE in May 2003.

Food products must be tested for microbe levels at laboratories of the
Institutes for Public Health within each republic (see Appendix II). The
ordinance on "Microbiological Wholesomeness of Food" was published in
the Yugoslav "Official Gazette" no. 46/02 and provides maximum content
of different microorganisms in food products.

Because of European outbreaks of FMD, BSE, and Avian Influenza, Serbia
and Montenegro have banned imports and transportation of live domestic
and wild animals and their products from a number of countries, as well
as banned feed containing proteins of animal origin. In 2001 Serbia and
Montenegro imposed a ban on import of beef meat and beef products from
all origins.

There are specific conditions for import of semen, embryos, and horses.
They may be obtained from the republics' Ministries of Agriculture,
Veterinary Department (see Appendix).

Certification and documentation: Live animals, meat and dairy products
require veterinary certification, while seeds, fruits and vegetables
require a phytosanitary certificate issued by the export country's
relevant authorities (e.g. USDA/APHIS). Special certification is need
for veterinary drugs, demonstrating the drugs have been approved and
used in the country of origin. Information can be obtained from the
Serbian and Montenegro Ministries of Agriculture (Appendix I).

Foods that are subject to veterinary and phytosanitary inspections can
enter on all border crossings where veterinary and phytosanitary border
inspection posts exist.

Importers should always inform the relevant Ministry of Agriculture at
the point of entry in order to allow them to fax import permits to the
relevant border inspection post.

Inspection services are charged as per a published, official price list.
Services cost more if done after regular working hours and on weekends
and holidays.

# OTHER SPECIFIC STANDARDS

Alcoholic beverages, nonalcoholic beverages and tobacco: Products are
subject to specific taxation rules and require import license issued by
the Ministry of Finance. The Ministry of Finance issues control excise
stamps, which are to include in the packaging prior to import to Serbia
and Montenegro.

# COPYRIGHT AND TRADEMARK LAWS

The "Law on Trademarks" (Federal "Official Gazette" no.15/95) protects
trademark, service and brand names. It is applied in both republics.
Trade or service marks receive protection for a 10-year term from the
date of filing, with the term being extendable. A new law on trademarks
is currently being drafted to bring the law up to Trade Related
International Properties TRIPs standards.

Serbia and Montenegro also apply the Federal Law on patents (Federal
"Official Gazette" no. 28/96) that protects and regulates patents and
the Federal Law on copyrights (Federal "Official Gazette" no. 24/98)
that is regulating copyrights.

Domestic and foreign applications must be submitted to the Federal
Intellectual Property Office (see Appendix II).

Serbia and Montenegro are members of the World Intellectual Property
Organization (WIPO) and signatory to a large number of conventions:
Paris Convention Treaty, the 1970 Patent Cooperation Treaty, Madrid
Agreement (International Registration of Marks), etc.

# IMPORT PROCEDURES

Foreign exporters can import food products into Serbia and Montenegro
using a locally registered office or a local company/shipping
agency/forwarding agent registered for import activities. It is common
for agents to help with food import regulations.

Import approvals for agriculture commodities should be obtained from the
Ministries of Agriculture. Import approvals are required for import of
live animals and all products of animal origin with more than 2 percent
of animal component, genetics, veterinary drugs, seeds and planting
materials or pesticides. Prior approval is not required for other food
products.

All food products must be accompanied with standard documents that
follow each shipment and by health certificates issued by relevant
authorities of exporting countries (e.g. veterinary certificate for meat
and meat products, phytosanitary certificates for fruits, vegetables,
seeds, planting material etc) and are subject to veterinary and
phytosanitary inspections at border crossings and sanitary and market
inspections at customs points.

Foods of animal origin and veterinary drugs: Import approvals are
processed at the Veterinary Departments of the Republics Ministries of
Agriculture. Forms are available from those departments (see Appendix
I).

Seed and planting materials: Import of seeds and planting materials is
regulated in Serbia by the Law on Seeds and Planting Material (Serbian
"Official Gazette" no. 43/94) and in Montenegro by the Law on Seeds and
Planting Material (Montenegro "Official Gazette" no.39/92) and Rulebook
on Health Control of Plant Shipments in Trade across the State Border
(Federal "Official Gazette" no. 59/01).

Sanitary inspectors visually inspect all food for sanitary wholesomeness
prior to customs clearance visually and take samples for laboratory
tests (Appendix II). Imported goods are held at the customs point until
testing is complete.

If a market inspector rejects and importer's request, goods are stored
until the procedure is completed. When the required procedure is
completed the inspector can order the return or destruction of goods, if
necessary, at the cost of importer, or can order certain changes prior
to customs clearance.

**Note**

# On February 4, 2003 following the adoption of the Constitutional Charter and Implementing Law, the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was formally dissolved and was renamed to "Serbia and Montenegro". The re-naming reflects the union of the two remaining former republics, Serbia and Montenegro. Yugoslavia transferred all of its rights and duties to the new state union. Thirty federal institutions immediately ceased to exist while seven federal institutions have become Serbian bodies. 

According to the Constitutional Chapter the two republics will form a
limited union, maintaining separate economic institutions. In the
future, Serbia and Montenegro will share joint customs systems and
foreign trade policy. Republics will be linked by a small joint
administration in charge of defense and foreign affairs. Serbia and
Montenegro will participate jointly in international financial
organisations, as well as vis-à-vis the European Union (EU) and the
World Trade Organisation (WTO).

The Republic of Serbia legally includes the provinces of Vojvodina and
Kosovo. However, on a practical level, there are currently three
separate customs zones with different regulations:

\- Republic of Serbia (including Vojvodina, but not Kosovo).

\- Republic of Montenegro.

\- Kosovo Province where the UN together with the provisional local
government,

> has established customs and tariff codes.

The Serbia and Montenegro tariff schedules were harmonised as of August
15, 2003, except for tariffs of 56 agricultural commodities. Kosovo has
separate customs arrangements. Final agreement between Serbia and
Montenegro on harmonisation of customs tariffs on all agriculture
commodities is to be reached within the next 3-5 years. In the same
period, the economic systems of the joint state of Serbia and Montenegro
will be harmonised to EU standards.

# APPENDIX I. GOVERNMENT REGULATORY AGENCY CONTACTS

1.  Import of live animals and products of animal origin, veterinary
    drugs:

Serbian Ministry of Agriculture and Water Management

Veterinary Department

Nemanjina 22-26

11000 Belgrade

Serbia

Tel: ++ 381 11 3631 576

Fax: ++ 381 11 3616 272

Montenegro Ministry of Agriculture, Water Management and Forestry

Veterinary Department

B.C."VECTRA"

81000 Podgorica

Montenegro

Tel: ++ 381 81 482 270

Fax: ++ 381 81 234 306

E-mail: dejanl@mn.yu

2.  Import of seeds and planting material:

Serbian Ministry of Agriculture and Water Management

Phytosanitary Department

Omladinskih Brigada 1,

11070 New Belgrade

Serbia

Tel: ++ 381 11 600 081

Fax: ++ 381 11 602 320

Montenegro Ministry of Agriculture, Water Management and Forestry

Phytosanitary Department

B.C."VECTRA"

81000 Podgorica

Montenegro

Tel: ++ 381 81 482 107

Fax: ++ 381 81 2234 306

E-mail: <milanm@mn.yu>

3.  Import of pesticides:

Serbian Ministry of Agriculture and Water Management

Phytosanitary Department

Nemanjina 22-26

11000 Belgrade

Serbia

Tel: ++ 381 11 600 081; 602 555 ext 3054

Fax: ++ 381 11 602 320

Montenegro Ministry of Agriculture, Water Management and Forestry

Phytosanitary Department

B.C."VECTRA"

81000 Podgorica

Montenegro

Tel: ++ 381 81 482 107

Fax: ++ 381 81 2234 306

E-mail: <milanm@mn.yu>

4.  GMO approvals and registrations:

Serbian Ministry of Agriculture and Water Management

Department of Genetics Resources and GMO

Omladinskih Brigada 1,

11070 New Belgrade

Serbia

Tel: ++ 381 11 311 75 88

Fax: ++ 381 11 311 22 89

E-mail: <fed.pagri@www.yu>

5.  Inspection on sanitary conformity:

Serbian Ministry of Health

Department for Sanitary Inspection

Nemanjina 22-26

11000 Belgrade

Serbia

Tel: ++ 381 11

Fax: ++ 381 11

Web page: [www.zdravlje.sr.gov.yu](http://www.zdravlje.sr.gov.yu/)

Montenegro Ministry of Health

Department for Sanitary Inspection

Radomira Ivanovica 2,

81000 Podgorica

Montenegro

Tel: ++ 381 81 658 100

Fax: ++ 381 81 658 100

E-mail: masanovic@cg.yu

6.  Market inspection:

Serbian Ministry of Trade

Department for Market Inspection

Nemanjina 22-26

11000 Belgrade,

Serbia

Tel: ++ 381 11 3631 136

Fax: ++ 381 11 3610 258

Montenegro Ministry of Economy

Department for Market Inspection

B.C."VECTRA"

81000 Podgorica

Montenegro

Tel: ++ 381 81 245 874; 224 889

Fax: ++ 381 81 245 148

7.  Alcohol, nonalcoholic beverages, tobacco:

Serbian Ministry of Finance

Nemnjina 22-26,

11000 Belgrade

Tel: ++ 381 11 3616 361

Fax: ++ 381 11 3616 535

E-mail: <informacije@mfin.sr.gov.yu>

Web page: mfin.sr.gov.yu

Montenegro Ministry of Finance

Stanka Dragojevica 2,

81000 Podgorica

Montenegro

Tel: ++ 381 81 242 835

Fax: ++ 381 81 224 450

8.  Customs clearance:

Serbian Custom Administration

Bul. AVNOJ-a 155

11070 New Belgrade

Serbia

Tel: ++ 381 11 311 7272

Web page: [www.fcs.yu](http://www.fcs.yu/)

Montenegro Custom Administration

Street Oktobarske Revolucije 128

81000 Podgorica

Montenegro

Tel: ++ 381 81 620 433; 620 931; 620 378

Fax: ++ 381 81 620 459

9.  Trade marks, patents and intellectual property

Federal Intellectual Property Office

Zmaj Jovina 21

11000 Belgrade

Tel: ++ 381 11 630 499

Fax: ++ 381 11 311 23 77

E-mail: yupat@gov.yu

Web page: [www.yupat.sv.gov.yu](http://www.yupat.sv.gov.yu/)

10. Serbian Government Official web page:
    [www.serbia.sr.gov.yu](http://www.serbia.sr.gov.yu/)

11. Montenegro Government Official we page:
    [www.vlada.cg.yu](http://www.vlada.cg.yu/)

# APPENDIX II. OTHER IMPORTANT CONTACTS FOR U.S. EXPORTERS

1\. Office of Agricultural Affair (Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS))

> U.S. Embassy Belgrade
>
> Kneza Milosa 50,
>
> 11000 Belgrade
>
> Tel: ++ 381 11 306 4927
>
> Fax: ++ 381 11 306 4922
>
> Contact: Tatjana Buric, Agriculture Specialist
>
> E-mail: <burict@amembbelgrade.org>
>
> Web page: http:/belgrade.usembassy.gov/
>
> 2\. Serbian Ministry of Agriculture
>
> Department for International Relations
>
> Nemanjina 22-26,
>
> 11000 Belgrade
>
> Serbia
>
> Tel: ++ 381 11 3065 038; 3631 617
>
> Fax: ++ 381 11 3616 272

E-mail: <minpolj@eunet.yu>

Web page: [www.minpolj.sr.gov.yu](http://www.minpolj.sr.gov.yu/)

3.  Montenegro Ministry of Agriculture

> Department for International Relations
>
> B.C. "VECTRA"
>
> 81000 Podgorica
>
> Montenegro
>
> Tel: ++ 381 81 482 271; 234 217
>
> Fax: ++ 381 81 234 306
>
> E-mail: <ljiljanas@mn.yu>

4.  University of Belgrade, Veterinary Faculty

> Bul. JNA18,
>
> 11000 Belgrade
>
> Serbia
>
> Tel: ++ 381 11 361 5436
>
> Fax: ++ 381 11 685 936
>
> Web page: www.vet.bg.ac.yu

5.  Institute of Meat Hygiene and Meat Technology

> Kacanskog 13,
>
> 11000 Belgrade
>
> Serbia
>
> Tel: ++ 381 11 650 655
>
> Fax: ++ 381 11 651 825
>
> E-mail: <meatins@beotel.yu>

6.  National Laboratory for Seed Testing

> Maksima Gorkog 30,
>
> 21000 Novi Sad
>
> Serbia
>
> Tel: ++ 381 21 421 248
>
> Fax: ++ 381 21 421 249

7.  Bio-technical Institute

> Kralja Nikole bb
>
> 81000 Podgorica
>
> Montenegro
>
> Tel: ++ 381 81 268 442
>
> Fax: ++ 381 81 268 432

8.  Institute for Public Health

> Dr.Subotica 5,
>
> 11000 Belgrade
>
> Serbia
>
> Web page: [www.batut.org.yu](http://www.batut.org.yu/)

9.  Agriculture Faculty Belgrade

> Nemanjina 6,
>
> 11080 Zemun
>
> Serbia
>
> Tel: ++ 381 11 612 664

Fax: ++ 381 11 193 659

Web page: [www.agrifaculty.bg.ac.yu](http://www.agrifaculty.bg.ac.yu/)

10. Agriculture Faculty Novi Sad

> Trg D.Obradovica 8,
>
> 21000 Novi Sad
>
> Serbia
>
> Tel: ++ 381 21 450 355
>
> Fax: ++ 381 21 459 761
>
> Web page: [http://polj.ns.ac.yu](http://polj.ns.ac.yu/)

11. Institute for Molecular Genetics and Genetics Engineering

> Vojvode Stepe 444a
>
> 11001 Belgrade
>
> Serbia
>
> Tel: ++ 381 11 3975 744
>
> Fax: ++ 381 11 3975 808

We page: [www.beogene.bg.ac.yu](http://www.beogene.bg.ac.yu/)

12\. Serbian Chamber of Commerce

Resavska 13-15

11000 Belgrade

Tel: ++ 381 11 324 0611

Fax: ++ 381 11 3230 949

Web page: [www.pks.co.yu](http://www.pks.co.yu/)

13\. Montenegro Chamber of Commerce

> Novaka Miloseva 29-II
>
> 81000 Podgorica
>
> E-mail: <pkcg@cg.yu>
>
> Web page: [www.pkcg.org](http://www.pkcg.org/)
>
> Tel: ++ 381 81 230 423; 230 446
>
> Fax: ++ 381 81 230 446

14. Web page on Agriculture and Food Production in Serbia:
    [www.serbiafood.co.yu](http://www.serbiafood.co.yu/)