July 22, 1994

Contract #TW0592

SPECIAL SPECIFICATION

SECTION 02665-S

[EXTERIOR WATER DISTRIBUTION]{.underline}

Page

[PART 1 - GENERAL]{.underline}

1.01 Description Of Work 2

1.02 References 2

1.03 Submittals 4

1.04 Quality Assurance 4

[PART 2 - PRODUCTS]{.underline}

2.01 Pipe And Joints 4

2.02 Fittings 5

2.03 Valves 5

2.04 Fire Hydrants 7

2.05 Pressure Reducing Valves 7

2.06 Air And Vacuum Valves 7

2.07 Concrete 7

2.08 Tapping Saddles 7

2.09 Corporation Stops 8

2.10 Thrust Restraints 8

[PART 3 - EXECUTION]{.underline}

3.01 Pipe Laying 8

3.02 Location Of Water And Sewer Lines 9

3.03 Thrust Restraints 10

3.04 Valves 10

3.05 Valves Boxes 10

3.06 Valve Stem Extensions 11

3.07 Fire Hydrants 11

3.08 Indicator Posts 11

3.09 Pressure Reducing Valves 11

3.10 Air And Vacuum Valves 12

3.11 Connections To Supply Mains 12

3.12 Service Lines 12

3.13 Flushing 12

3.14 Hydrostatic Testing 13

3.15 Disinfecting 14

3.16 Storage 14

SPECIAL SPECIFICATION

SECTION 02665-S

[EXTERIOR WATER DISTRIBUTION]{.underline}

# 

# PART 1 - GENERAL

## 1.01 [DESCRIPTION OF WORK]{.underline}

A. [This section]{.underline} shall apply to the materials and
operations required for the installation of exterior water distribution
including fire lines and exterior lines extending from the main to a
building (service lines).

B. [The extent]{.underline} of the work is indicated on the contract
drawings.

C. [Related Work]{.underline}: Refer to the following sections for
related work:

1\. Division 2, Section \"Earthwork\".

2\. Division 3, Section \"Cast-in-Place Concrete\".

3\. Division 9, Section \"Painting\".

4\. Division 15, Section \"Automatic Sprinkler Systems\".

## 1.02 [REFERENCES]{.underline}

A. [American National Standards Institute (ANSI)]{.underline}

A21.11 Rubber-Gasket Joints for Ductile-Iron Pressure Pipe and Fittings

A21.53 Ductile-Iron Compact Fittings, 3 in. Through 16 in., for Water
and Other Liquids

B1.20.1 Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch)

B16.1 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings

B16.3 Malleable Iron Threaded Fittings

B16.4 Gray Iron Threaded Fittings

B. [American Society of Testing Materials (ASTM)]{.underline}

A48 Specification for Gray Iron Castings

A53 Standard Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped Zinc -
Coated Welded and Seamless (Replaces A120)

A536 Specification for Ductile Iron Castings

B62 Specification for Composition Bronze or Ounce Metal Castings

B88 Specification for Seamless Copper Water Tubes

D2000 Classification System for Rubber Products in Automotive
Applications

D2774 Recommended Practice for Underground Installation of Thermoplastic
Pressure Piping

F477 Specification for Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Joining Plastic
Pipe

C. [American Water Works Association (AWWA)]{.underline}

C104 Cement-Mortar Lining for Ductile-Iron Pipe and Fittings for Water

C105 Polyethylene Encasement for Ductile-Iron Piping for Water and Other
Liquids

C110 Ductile-Iron and Gray-Iron Fittings, 3 in. Through 48 in., for
Water and Other Liquids

C111 Rubber-Gasket Joints for Ductile-Iron Pressure Pipe and Fittings

C115 Standard for Flanged Ductile-Iron Pipe with Threaded Flanges

C151 Ductile-Iron Pipe, Centrifugally Cast, for Water and Other Liquids

C153 Ductile-Iron Compact Fittings, 3 in. Through 16 in., for Water and
Other Liquids

C500 Gate Valves for Water and Sewerage Systems

C502 Dry-Barrel Fire Hydrants

C504 Standard for Rubber-Seated Butterfly Valves

C509 Resilient-Seated Gate Valves for Water and Sewerage Systems

C600 Standard for Installation of Ductile-Iron Water Mains and Their
Appurtenances

C651 Disinfecting Water Mains

C800 Underground Service Line Valves and Fittings

C900 Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Pressure Pipe, 4 in. Through 12 in., for
Water Distribution

D. [National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)]{.underline}

24 Standard for the Installation of Private Fire Service Mains and Their
Appurtenances

## 1.03 [SUBMITTALS]{.underline}

A. [General]{.underline}: Submit the following in accordance with
conditions of Contract and Division 1, Section \"Descriptive
Submittals\".

B. [Product Data]{.underline}: Submit product data, or manufacturer\'s
specifications including laboratory test reports and other data to show
compliance with specifications (including specified standards).

C. Test Reports: Submit test reports conducted on shop- and field-bolted
and welded connections. Include data on type(s) of tests conducted and
test results.

## 1.04 [QUALITY ASSURANCE]{.underline}

A. [Codes and Standards]{.underline}: All work shall comply with the
applicable portions of the most current edition of the Uniform Plumbing
Code.

B. [The materials and practices]{.underline} comprising the work shall
conform to this and other referenced standard specifications. Where this
specification conflicts with the requirements of another referenced
specification, this specification shall prevail.

C. [All materials]{.underline} used shall not contain any asbestos
fibers.

D. [All persons]{.underline} performing or supervising testing shall be
qualified by either training or experience to perform such tests.

# PART 2 - PRODUCTS

## 2.01 [PIPE AND JOINTS]{.underline}

A. [Distribution lines and service lines]{.underline}, 4\" (101.6 mm and
larger, shall be polyvinyl chloride (PVC) unless otherwise indicated on
the contract drawings. Fire protection lines from the PVC to the
building shall be as specified in Division 15, Section \"Automatic
Sprinkler Systems\". All pipe shall be permanently marked to allow
identification of type and class and shall conform to the following
material requirements:

1\. Ductile Iron Pipe: 4\" (101.6 mm) Class 51 minimum, 6\" (152.4 mm)
and larger Class 50 minimum or as indicated on the contract drawings,
conforming to AWWA C151, with rubber-gasket joints conforming to AWWA
C111, and cement-mortar lining conforming to AWWA C104. Flanged pipe
shall conform to AWWA C115.

2\. Polyvinyl chloride pipe (PVC) shall be Class 150 (DR 18) minimum or
as indicated on the contract drawings, cast-iron pipe equivalent outside
diameter, conforming to AWWA C900, with bell and spigot push-on joints
and elastomeric gaskets conforming to ASTM F 477.

B. [Service Lines 3\" (76.2 mm) and smaller]{.underline} shall conform
to the applicable provisions of AWWA C800, and shall conform to the
material requirements for one of the following piping materials, as
indicated on the contract drawings:

1\. Steel Pipe: Standard weight, galvanized, and wrapped Type E or S,
conforming to ASTM A 53 Rev. B, with general purpose pipe-thread joints
conforming to ANSI B1.20.1.

2\. Copper Tubing: Type K, soft-annealed temper, conforming to ASTM B
88.

3\. Ductile Iron Pipe: Conforming to the requirements of article 2.01 A
for ductile iron pipe.

## 2.02 [FITTINGS]{.underline}

A. [Fittings for mainlines 4\" (101.6 mm) and larger]{.underline} shall
be gray iron or ductile iron, 250 psi (1 723.69 kPa) pressure rating
minimum, mechanical joint or flange joint, conforming to AWWA C110, with
cement-mortar lining conforming to AWWA C104. Mechanical joint fittings,
with rubber-gasket joints conforming to AWWA C111 shall be used in all
buried installations. Flanged fittings shall be used in above-ground
installations, and inside underground structures, such as valve pits and
vaults.

B. [Fittings for service lines 3\" (76.2 mm) and smaller]{.underline}
shall conform to the applicable requirements of AWWA C800 and the
following requirements:

1\. Steel pipe fittings shall be galvanized cast-iron conforming to ANSI
B16.4 or galvanized malleable iron conforming to ANSI B16.3.

2\. Copper pipe fittings shall be brass or bronze body with compression
connections or flared compression joints.

3\. Ductile iron pipe fittings shall be cast or ductile iron.

C. [Special couplings]{.underline}, reducers, flares, saddles, rings,
caps, wyes or other as specified on the drawings shall be gray iron or
ductile iron unless otherwise specified or shown, 250 psi (1 723.69 kPa)
minimum pressure rating, mechanical or flanged joints conforming to AWWA
C110 and shall be cement mortar lined according to AWWA C104.

## 2.03 [VALVES]{.underline}

[Distribution, fire and service line valves]{.underline} shall conform
to the following requirements:

A. [Gate valves]{.underline} shall have 200 psi (1 378.95 kPa) minimum
working pressure, sizes 3\" (76.2 mm) through 12\" (304.8 mm), double
disk, parallel seat, iron body, bronze mounted, non-rising stem,
\"O\"-ring stem seals, conforming to AWWA C500. Valves shall open
counterclockwise. The operating nut shall be standard 2\" (50.8 mm)
square with an arrow cast in the metal indicating the direction of
opening. End connections shall be mechanical joints conforming to AWWA
C111, unless otherwise indicated. Valves installed in pits and vaults
shall be hand wheel-operated with flanged end connections conforming to
ANSI B16.1, Class 125. Valves installed in fire lines shall be listed by
Underwriter\'s Laboratories (UL) in accordance with NFPA 24. Valves to
be fitted with indicator posts shall be equipped with indicator post
flanges. Gate valves shall be M-H DRESSER, MUELLER or approved equal.

B. [Resilient seat gate valves]{.underline} 12\" (304.8 mm) and smaller
shall conform to AWWA C509. The valve shall open when turning
counterclockwise. The stem shall be the non-rising type with inside
screw and shall contain \"O\"-ring seals. All valve end joints shall be
mechanically connected and O-ring retainer shall be secured with nuts
and bolts. Brass and bronze parts shall conform to AWWA C509. The
resilient seat shall be mechanically retained or bonded to the gate or
wedge. Resilient seat gate valves shall be M-H DRESSER, MUELLER or
approved equal.

C. [All valves 2\" (50.8 mm) and smaller]{.underline} shall be of
\"O\"-ring sealed ball or gate-operating, full-opening port type design.
The valve shall have a cast bronze body, as per ASTM B 62. The plug or
key shall be cast bronze, as per ASTM B 62, machined and/or deburred to
create a smooth, true surface and assure a positive, durable seal.
Valves shall be MUELLER or FORD or approved equal.

1\. The inlet and outlet connections shall be tightened by a one-way
gripper band or a compression nut. A positive seal shall be obtained by
a replaceable \"O\"-ring for use with the gripper band system or a
beveled BUNA-N gasket, as per ASTM D 2000, for use with the compression
nut system.

2\. Curb boxes shall be installed with all valves 2\" (50.8 mm) and
smaller and shall be MUELLER H-10306, FORD EA 2-25-50, or approved
equal. Curb boxes shall be telescopic type with heavy cast-iron arch
pattern base, steel upper section, and heavy cast-iron lid with a bronze
bushed, bronze standard waterworks counter-sunk pentagon nut and shall
be installed with a 12\" x 12\" x 4\" (304.8 mm x 304.8 mm x 101.6 mm)
concrete collar. Curb boxes shall be adjustable from 18\" to 30\" (457.2
mm to 762.0 mm) and held at the desired depth by a strong phospor bronze
opening. Upper sections of these boxes must be at least 1-1/4\" (31.75
mm) to accept a shut-off rod. Boxes shall be coated inside and out with
a tar-based enamel for corrosion resistance.

D. [Indicator posts]{.underline} shall have a cast-iron body, 1-1/4\"
(31.75 mm) square operating nut, lockable operating wrench, with
\"OPEN\" and \"SHUT\" targets appearing in full view when the valve is
fully open or closed. Base shall be flanged and shall bolt onto the
indicator post flange provided on top of the valve. Posts shall be
listed by UL and shall be a DRESSER M & H Style 83, MUELLER A-20800 or
A-20805, KENNEDY Figure 541 vertical type, or approved equal.

E. [Butterfly valves 14\" (355.6 mm) and larger]{.underline} shall be
rubber-seated, iron body, short body flanged, Class 150B, conforming to
AWWA C504 for valves 14\" (355.6 mm) and larger. Valves shall be
installed so that the disc rotates about a horizontal axis. Operator
shall be manual, side-mounted, with standard 2\" (50.8 mm) square
operating nut, opening counterclockwise. Butterfly valves shall be
MUELLER Lineseal III, KEYSTONE Figure 47 or 504, M-H DRESSER 450,
AMERICAN Darling, PRATT, KENNEDY or approved equal.

F. [Valve boxes]{.underline} shall have a gray cast-iron ring and cover
as designated on the standard drawing conforming to ASTM A 48, Class
25C. The word \"WATER\" shall be cast onto the top of the cover in
raised letters.

## 2.04 [FIRE HYDRANTS]{.underline}

[Fire hydrants]{.underline} shall be UL and FM approved and have a cast
or ductile iron body, traffic, dry barrel, post type, 150 psi (1 034.21
kPa) working pressure, with two drain outlets constructed of bronze,
conforming to AWWA C502. Main valve shall be compression type, 5-1/4\"
(133.35 mm) in diameter. Hydrants shall have one 4-1/2\" (114.3 mm)
pumper connection and two 2-1/2\" (63.5 mm) hose connections, with
National Standard Fire Hose Coupling Screw Threads. Operating nut shall
be pentagonal, 1-1/2\" (38.1 mm) point to flat, opening
counterclockwise. Show connection shall be 6\" (152.4 mm) mechanical
joint. Hydrants shall be capable of being field lubricated. Normal bury
shall be 4 to 4-1/2 feet (101.6 mm to 114.3 mm) minimum. Fire hydrants
shall be MUELLER A-423 Centurion, GUARDIAN K-81A, M-H DRESSER 129T
Model, CLOW F2500, WATROUS Pacer 100, or approved equal.

## 2.05 [PRESSURE REDUCING VALVES]{.underline}

[Pressure reducing valves]{.underline} (PRV) shall be cast-iron body,
flanged end connections, globe pattern, single-seated, pilot-controlled,
psi diaphragm type, Class 125 pressure rating, adjustable from 15 to 75
psi (103.42 to 517.11 kPa) and shall operate hydraulically. PRV shall be
a CLA-VAL Clayton Model 90-01 Series, size as designated on the contract
drawings, or approved equal.

## 2.06 [AIR AND VACUUM VALVES]{.underline}

[Air and vacuum valves]{.underline} shall have a cast-iron body,
stainless steel float, with baffle, sizes 1/2\" through 3\" (12.7 mm
through 76.2 mm), as designated on the contract drawings. Valves shall
be APCO Model Series 140, with NPT threaded outlet, or approved equal.
Ring and cover for valve pit shall be gray cast-iron conforming to ASTM
A 48, Class 30 minimum, and shall be a NEENAH No. R-1910-A or an
approved equal. Cover shall have the word \"WATER\" cast onto it in
raised letters.

## 2.07 [CONCRETE]{.underline}

[Cast-in-place concrete]{.underline} for use in concrete thrust blocks,
valve box and indicator post collars, and other concrete structures
required by the contract drawings, shall conform to the requirements of
Division 3, Section \"Cast-in-Place Concrete\".

## 2.08 [TAPPING SADDLES]{.underline}

[Tapping saddles]{.underline} shall have a cast-iron, ductile iron or
bronze body, stainless steel or bronze straps, nuts, bolts and washers.
Gaskets shall be vulcanized elastomeric rubber or synthetic rubber
compound. Saddles shall be compatible with MUELLER threaded inlet or
approved equal. Saddles used on PVC pipe shall be double-strap type.

## 2.09 [CORPORATION STOPS]{.underline}

[Corporation stops]{.underline} shall have a bronze body, MUELLER thread
inlet by compression or flared outlet, 3/4\" to 2\" (19.05 mm to 50.8
mm), conforming to the applicable requirements of AWWA C800. Compression
connection outlets shall be provided with a stainless steel liner.

## 2.10 [THRUST RESTRAINTS]{.underline}

[Cast-in-place concrete blocking]{.underline}, clamps and tie rods,
shall conform to the standard drawing. Corrosive steel or cast-iron
hardware shall be fully coated with asphalt or plastic varnish.

# PART 3 - EXECUTION

## 3.01 [PIPE LAYING]{.underline}

A. [General]{.underline}: Provide water pipe of the size, type and class
specified and install at the locations and to the elevations and grades
indicated on the contract drawings.

B. [Pipe installation shall]{.underline} be in accordance with the
applicable provisions or requirements of the following referenced
handbooks and standard specifications:

1\. Ductile iron pipe shall conform to AWWA C600. Where indicated on the
contract drawings, pipe shall be encased in polyethylene film according
to AWWA C105.

2\. Plastic pipe shall conform to UNI-B-3 \"Recommended Practice for the
Installation of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Pressure Pipe\", Uni-Bell PVC
Pipe Association, per AWWA C600, and Uni-Bell \"Handbook of PVC Pipe\".

3\. Copper tubing shall conform to CDA \"Copper Tube Handbook\".

4\. Polyethylene service line piping and tubing shall conform to ASTM D
2774

C. [Upon arrival at the job site]{.underline}, each section of pipe
shall be inspected for damage and defects, and for compliance with the
applicable piping materials products requirements listed in Part 2 of
this specification. Defective sections of pipe may be marked by the
Sandia Delegated Representative (SDR). Any sections of pipe found to be
defective shall be immediately removed from the job site and shall be
replaced by the Contractor.

D. [Immediately prior to laying]{.underline}, each pipe section shall be
visually inspected for defects or damage. Any damaged or defective pipe
section shall not be used. Each pipe section shall be cleaned so that
the interior and joining surfaces of the pipe are free of soil and
debris.

E. [Pipe shall be laid]{.underline} on a smoothly graded prepared
subgrade soil foundation true to alignment and grade as indicated on the
contract drawings. The allowable vertical and horizontal tolerance from
drawing elevations and alignment shall be ) 2\" () 50.8 mm). Bell holes
shall be hand-excavated so that the bottom of the pipe is in continuous
contact with the surface of the prepared subgrade material. Any pipe
that has its grade or joints disturbed after laying shall be taken up
and relaid. At times when pipe laying is not in progress, the open ends
of the pipe shall be closed by a watertight plug. Pipe shall not be laid
in standing water or when trench or weather conditions are deemed
unsuitable by the SDR. If conditions warrant, the inspector may require
that the pipe be anchored to prevent floating.

F. [Minimum depth of cover]{.underline} for water lines shall be 3 feet
(914.4 mm) from the top of pipe to finished grade unless otherwise
indicated on the contract drawings.

G. [When it is necessary]{.underline} to deflect ductile iron pipe for
changes in horizontal or vertical alignment, the amount of deflection
shall not exceed 2/3 of the manufacturer\'s recommended maximum
deflection. A fitting or several shorter lengths of pipe shall be used
when necessary. PVC pipe shall not be deflected at the joints.

H. [All nuts and bolts]{.underline} utilized in underground pipe
connections shall be stainless steel, high-strength, cast-iron or
high-strength, high-grade steel and shall be of the proper size and type
for the application in which they are utilized. All iron or
high-strength steel bolts shall be cadmium-zinc plated or coated with
bituminous material prior to backfilling.

I. [Joints]{.underline}

1\. [Push-on-Joints]{.underline}: Immediately prior to making the joint,
the rubber gasket shall be removed and cleaned, the groove cleaned, the
gasket replaced, and the bell and spigot ends thoroughly cleaned and
lubricated with a suitable sterile soft vegetable soap compound.
Field-cut plastic pipe sections shall be beveled for joining as
recommended by the pipe manufacturer.

2\. [Mechanical Joints]{.underline}: The socket and plain ends shall be
thoroughly cleaned immediately prior to making the joint. Wash the
seating surfaces and the rubber gasket with a soapy solution. Seat the
plain end fully in the socket before slipping the gasket into the
socket. The joint shall be kept straight during assembly. If a joint
deflection is required, make the deflection after assembly, but before
tightening bolts, tighten nuts 180 degrees apart in pairs. Alternate
pairs until all nuts are within the manufacturer\'s recommended range of
torque. The Contractor shall have a torque wrench on hand at the work
site so that the Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) Inspector may verify
tightening torques on any joint.

3\. [Flanged Joints]{.underline}: Clean the flanged ends to be joined
immediately prior to joining. Only one gasket shall be permitted in a
flange joint. Nuts shall be tightened similar to mechanical joints to
within the torque range recommended by the pipe manufacturer.

## 3.02 [LOCATION OF WATER AND SEWER LINES]{.underline}

A. [Mains]{.underline}: Water and sewer mains running parallel shall be
laid at least 10 feet (3.048 m) apart horizontally, with the water main
at a higher elevation than the top of the sewer line. Water and sewer
mains shall be laid in separate trenches in all cases. Where water and
sewer mains are laid closer than 10 feet (3.048 m) or where they are
crossing, the bottom of the water main shall be at least 18 inches
(45.72 cm) higher than the top of the sewer line, otherwise, the sewer
line shall be of pressure class pipe, or shall be encased in concrete as
indicated on the contract drawings, within 10 feet (3.048 m) either side
of the water main.

B. [Service Lines]{.underline}: Water and sewer service lines shall not
be laid in the same trench, unless the bottom of the water line, at all
points, is at least 12\" (304.8 mm) above the top of the sewer line, and
the water line shall be laid on a solid shelf excavated at one side of
the common trench. Where water and sewer service lines cross, the water
line shall be at least 12\" (304.8 mm) higher than the sewer.

## 3.03 [THRUST RESTRAINTS]{.underline}

A. [General]{.underline}: Provide thrust blocking or rigid joints at all
tees, plugs, caps, bends, and reducers of the types, sizes, and
configurations, and at the locations indicated on the contract drawings.
In the event that a line must be returned to use in less than 4 hours,
thrust restraint shall be provided with a rigid mechanical joint
restraint, and concrete blocking shall also be installed with the joint
restraint system.

B. [Concrete blocking]{.underline} shall be installed in accordance to
the requirements of Division 3, Section \"Cast-in-Place Concrete\".
Blocks shall be placed in the general shape and to the minimum
dimensions indicated on the standard drawings, and shall be placed
between the fitting and the undisturbed wall of the trench. Concrete
shall be placed so that it does not make contact with any bolts or nuts
on the fittings. Pipe shall not be flushed, pressurized, or otherwise
disturbed, until the new concrete blocking has reached its initial set
or 4 hours.

C. [Mechanical joint restraints]{.underline} shall include a restraining
mechanism which, when actuated, imparts multiple wedging action against
the pipe, increasing its resistance as the pressure increases.
Flexibility of the joint shall be maintained after burial. Glands shall
be manufactured of ductile iron, conforming to ASTM A 536. Restraining
devices shall be suitable for the type of pipe material used and shall
be of ductile iron heat-treated to a minimum hardness of 370 BHN.
Dimensions of the gland shall be such that it can be used with the
standardized mechanical joint bell and tee-head bolts conforming to
ANSI/AWWA C111/A21.11 and ANSI/AWWA C153/A21.53 of the latest revision.
Twist-off nuts shall be used to ensure proper actuating of the
restraining devices.

The mechanical joint restraint device shall have a working pressure of
at least 250 psi (1 723.69.25 kPa), with a minimum safety factor of 2:1
and shall be EBAA Iron, Inc., MEGALUG or equal.

## 3.04 [VALVES]{.underline}

[Gate and butterfly valves]{.underline} shall be installed at the
locations indicated and as detailed on the contract drawings, and in
accordance with AWWA C600. No change in the vertical or horizontal
alignment of the pipe shall be allowed at connections to the valve.
Valves shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer\'s
recommendations.

## 3.05 [VALVES BOXES]{.underline}

[Install valve boxes]{.underline} over all gate and butterfly valves as
detailed on the contract drawings, and in accordance with AWWA C600.
Boxes shall be installed plumb and true, and shall be centered on the
valve operating nut. The weight of the valve box shall not bear upon the
control valve or pipeline.

## 3.06 [VALVE STEM EXTENSIONS]{.underline}

[Where the valve operating nut]{.underline} is at a depth greater than 2
feet (609.6 mm) below the valve box cover, an extension stem shall be
installed in the box with the required size square wrench nut. Extension
stems shall be equipped with a minimum of one stem guide or stem guides
at intervals not exceeding 10 feet (3.048 m), and shall be affixed to
the interior of the valve box. Stem guides and extensions shall be
manufactured for the application for which they are utilized or they
shall be approved by the SDR.

## 3.07 [FIRE HYDRANTS]{.underline}

[Install fire hydrants]{.underline} at the locations indicated and as
detailed on the contract drawing, and in accordance with AWWA C600.
Hydrants shall be set plumb and true to the elevations indicated, with
the center of the lowest nozzle at least 16\" (406.4 mm) above
surrounding finished grade. The 4-1/2\" (114.3 mm) pumper nozzle shall
face toward the nearest street, road, drive or parking area or as
directed by the SDR. Not less than 8 cubic feet of crushed rock or
gravel, 1/2\" (12.7 mm) mean particle size, well-graded, not more than
5% by weight passing #100 sieve, shall be placed around the shoe of the
hydrant so that drainage from the hydrant shall run readily from the
drain ports and into the rock. The concrete thrust block at the hydrant
shall not block the flow of drainage water from the drain ports. Each
hydrant shall be connected to the main by a 6\" (152.4 mm) lateral pipe
controlled by a 6\" (152.4 mm gate valve as indicated on the contract
drawings. A concrete collar shall be placed around the hydrant barrel at
ground level as indicated. Hydrants shall be painted with one coat of
red oxide paint and two finish coats of SINCLAIR \"Yellow Traffic-Lac\"
above grade; and with two coats of asphalt or plastic cement below
grade.

## 3.08 [INDICATOR POSTS]{.underline}

[Install indicator posts]{.underline} over valves on fire protection
lines at locations indicated and as detailed on the contract drawings.
Posts shall be bolted to the flange at the top of the valve and shall be
installed plumb and true to the elevations indicated. A concrete collar
shall be painted around the post at ground level as detailed. Posts
shall be painted above grade with one coat of red oxide paint and two
finish coats of SINCLAIR No. 390 \"Fire Protection Red\" where installed
on fire protection lines, or two finish coats of Sinclair \"Yellow
Traffic-Lac\" where installed on domestic water lines. Below grade,
posts shall be painted with two coats of asphalt varnish.

## 3.09 [PRESSURE REDUCING VALVES]{.underline}

[Install pressure reducing valves]{.underline} in valve vaults at
locations and elevations indicated and as detailed on the contract
drawings.

## 3.10 [AIR AND VACUUM VALVES]{.underline}

[Install air and vacuum (A/V) valves]{.underline} at high points on the
water line where indicated and as detailed on the contract drawings. A/V
valves shall be installed in precast reinforced concrete pipe vaults
with appurtenant piping, fittings and valves as detailed in the
drawings. Provide water meter type cover with vent and concrete collar
as detailed.

## 3.11 [CONNECTIONS TO SUPPLY MAINS]{.underline}

A. [Service connections]{.underline} to existing or new mains shall be
made with fittings suitable for the particular conditions encountered
and in a manner acceptable to the SDR. Connections shall be made by
cutting the supply main and inserting a standard tee, by
pressure-tapping using a tapping sleeve and valve, or by saddle and
corporation stop.

B. [All equipment]{.underline} used for drilling, tapping and
installation of corporation stops shall be subject to approval by the
SDR.

C. [Main lines]{.underline} may be direct-tapped when specifically
detailed on the contract drawings.

D. [Saddles]{.underline} used in tapping PVC pipe shall be of the bronze
double-strap type or stainless steel felt band type.

E. [Corporation stop taps]{.underline} shall be located at the
connection to the main. When more than one tap in a main line is
necessary to deliver the required flow, they shall be staggered around
the circumference of the pipe (not in a straight line) and be at least
12\" (304.8 mm) apart as measured along the length of the pipe.

F. [Pipe coupons]{.underline} shall not be left inside the water main
when the tapping method is used. All pipe coupons removed shall be
turned over to the SDR.

## 3.12 [SERVICE LINES]{.underline}

[Install service lines]{.underline} at the locations designated on the
contract drawings. Copper tubing shall be cut by using cutters designed
for that purpose. Bends in copper tubing shall be made using brass
fittings or by using proper tubing benders. Bends in polyethylene tubing
shall be made only with the appropriate fittings, and shall not be made
by deflecting the tubing.

## 3.13 [FLUSHING]{.underline}

[Prior to disinfecting the water lines]{.underline}, the Contractor
shall flush all new installations in accordance with an approved
flushing plan submitted by the Contractor. If no fire hydrants or other
convenient outlets for flushing are available, the Contractor shall
install flush points at no additional cost to SNL. Flushing shall be of
sufficient magnitude to flush foreign material out of the lines, valves
and hydrants. All new valves and hydrants shall be partially operated
several times during flushing to dislodge foreign material. During
flushing operations, all valves or connections to existing systems shall
be closed and back flow preventors or other approved equipment installed
at the source to prevent contamination of existing systems. Contractor
shall protect existing site improvements during flushing operation. The
flushing velocity shall be a minimum of 2.5 fps (762 mm/s).

## 3.14 [HYDROSTATIC TESTING]{.underline}

> WARNING: The testing methods described in this section are
> specifically for water pressure testing. These procedures are not
> permitted for air pressure testing due to the serious safety hazards
> involved.

A. [New water line installations]{.underline} shall be hydrostatically
tested in accordance with AWWA C600 for ductile-iron main, AWWA M23 for
PVC mains, and NFPA 24 for Private Fire Service mains and their
appurtenances. The SDR or his field representative (construction
observer or inspector) shall be present at all times for the duration of
the test.

B. [All temporary]{.underline} plugs, taps, thrust restraints, gauges,
and other necessary testing equipment must meet the same nationally
recognized standards as listed in Part 2 - Products. They shall be
provided by the Contractor and shall be subject to approval by SNL,
except that SNL may elect to provide the gauges used in the test.

C. [New lines]{.underline} shall be tested without being connected to
existing lines.

D. [Test pressure]{.underline} for new lines excluding fire lines, which
run from the Post Indicator Valve (PIV) to the sprinkler riser, shall be
150 psi (1 034.21 kPa) or 1.5 times the normal working pressure of the
line, whichever is greater. In addition, test pressure for new fire
lines, as defined above, shall be a minimum of 200 psi (1 378.95 kPa) or
50 psi (344.74 kPa) in excess of static pressures greater than 150 psi
(1 034.21 kPa), per NFPA 24 Section 8-9.3. Before applying the specified
test pressure, air shall be expelled completely from the pipe, valves,
and hydrants. If permanent air vents are not located at all high points,
the contractor shall install corporation cocks at such points so that
the air can be expelled as the line is filled with water. After all the
air has been expelled, the corporation cocks shall be closed and the
test pressure applied. At the conclusion of the pressure test, the
corporation cocks shall be removed and plugged or left in place at the
discretion of the SDR. Test duration shall be not less than 2 hours.
During the test, the test pressure shall not drop for lines less than
1000 feet (304.8 m) long. For lines greater than 1000 feet (304.8 m)
long, see article 3.14 E. Each section of the new line between valves
shall be tested individually to demonstrate that each valve will hold
the test pressure. In cases where a new main is being connected to an
existing main without the installation of a new valve, the end of the
new main shall be temporarily capped and restrained, and the test shall
be performed on the new line. Tests shall not be made with an existing
main included in the test section.

E. [The allowable leakage rate]{.underline} for lines greater than 1000
feet (304.8 m) long shall be 11.65 gpd, per mile, per inch (.0008
m³/sec, per meter, per 25 mm) nominal diameter while maintaining the
test pressure. The new waterline may be accepted if the total test
leakage is less than the calculated allowable leakage. If the actual
leakage is greater than the allowable leakage, the Contractor shall
locate the leakage and make repairs as necessary at no additional cost
to SNL. The Contractor shall repeat the test until the leakage is within
the specified allowance. All visible leaks, regardless of the amount of
leakage, shall be repaired.

F. [The Contractor shall submit]{.underline} a calculation and the data
sheet to SNL for each test, showing all data and measured quantities,
including the actual leakage, the location of each test section, and a
calculation of the allowable leakage for the test section. The test
sheet shall be signed and dated by the Contractor\'s representative. For
dedicated Fire Protection lines complete and submit a Contractor\'s
Material and Test Certificate for Underground Piping in accordance with
the current NFPA 24.

## 3.15 [DISINFECTING]{.underline}

[New water main lines]{.underline} shall be disinfected after flushing
using a method that generally follows the tablet method in AWWA C651.
(WARNING: This procedure shall [not]{.underline} be used on
solvent-welded plastic or on screwed joint steel pipe due to danger of
fire or explosion from the reaction of the joint compounds with the
calcium hypochlorite.) Granules shall be placed at the upstream end of
the first section of pipe, at the upstream end of each branch main, and
at 200 feet intervals. The quantity of granules shall be in accordance
with AWWA C651. Liquid chlorine shall be used for solvent-welded plastic
or screwed joint steel and shall be poured in the line as the line is
being filled with water.

A. After installation is complete, the main shall be filled with water
at a rate such that water within the main will flow at a velocity no
greater than one ft/sec (304.8 mm/sec). Precautions shall be taken to
assure that air pockets are eliminated. This water shall remain in the
pipe for at least 24 hours. After the retention period, the main shall
be flushed until chlorine measurements are no greater than the existing
water system or is acceptable for domestic use.

B. After the final flushing and before the water main is placed in
service, a sample or samples shall be collected from the end of the line
and shall be tested for bacteriological quality. Samples shall be taken
from the nearest existing water source including fire hydrants, spigots,
or sinks.

## 3.16 [STORAGE]{.underline}

A. [All plastic pipe]{.underline} shall be protected from sunlight for
long-term storage. Any plastic pipe showing discoloration may be
rejected.

B. [Joint materials]{.underline} for pipe shall be stored in as cool and
shaded a place as practicable, preferably at 70 degrees F or less.

END OF SECTION