Required Report - public distribution

**Date:** 11/13/2005

**GAIN Report Number:** SF5039

SF0000

**South Africa, Republic of**

**Citrus**

**Annual**

**2005**

**Approved by:**

![](media/image1.wmf)Scott Reynolds

U.S. Embassy

**Prepared by:**

Patricia Mabiletsa

**Report Highlights:**

South Africa's 2005 citrus production is expected to increase slightly
(0.7%) from last year because of enough rain and normal temperatures in
most citrus fruit growing areas. Old Clementine orchards are
increasingly removed and replaced, reducing the potential production for
easy-peelers this year. Lemon and lime production is expected to remain
relatively unchanged at about 0.18 million MT, Oranges at 1.13 million
MT, while grapefruit is expected at 0.25 million MT, a 6% decrease from
2004 because of a drought in several production regions.

Includes PSD Changes: Yes

Includes Trade Matrix: Yes

Annual Report

Pretoria \[SF1\]

\[SF\]

Table of Contents

[Executive Summary 3](#executive-summary)

[Production 3](#production)

[Background 3](#background)

[Production Subcategory 4](#production-subcategory)

[Consumption 7](#consumption)

[Trade 8](#trade)

[Trade Subcategory 10](#trade-subcategory)

[Policy 13](#policy)

[Marketing 13](#marketing)

[Marketing Subcategory 13](#marketing-subcategory)

# Executive Summary

South Africa's 2005 citrus production is expected to increase slightly
(0.7%) from last year because of enough rain and normal temperatures in
most citrus fruit growing areas. Old Clementine orchards are
increasingly removed and replaced, reducing the potential production for
easy-peelers this year. Lemon and lime production is expected to remain
relatively unchanged at about 0.18 million MT, Oranges at 1.13 million
MT, while grapefruit is expected at 0.25 million MT, a 6% decrease from
2004 because of a drought in several production regions.

CY 2005 total citrus exports are expected to increase by 3% despite
reduced quality especially for oranges. At 1.08 million MT, the
country's citrus export volume is forecast to stay near record highs.
South Africa's citrus exports to the U.S. for CY 2005 are expected to
reach about 10% of the total exports because of production from new
black-spot - free areas, Warrenton and Hartswater in the Northern Cape.

In 2005, prices of oranges were generally lower. However, export revenue
from the U.S. improved.

**[NOTE]{.underline}:** The area planted figures fluctuate significantly
because of data received from our industry sources. According to the
industry, not all farmers adhere to annual submission of tree census
report, which is mandatory for data accuracy. In 2004, increases in area
as appearing on some commodity tables result from the improvement on the
farmers' data submission last year.

South Africa's production and export data include output from Swaziland,
with a total citrus production area of about 2,045 Ha (oranges = 880 Ha,
lemons & limes = 96 Ha, grapefruit = 1,010 Ha) in 2004. Zimbabwe and
Mozambique are also aggregated to the total production, mainly because
the two areas are in close proximity to South Africa, which has advanced
marketing infrastructures.

In the absence of 2005/6 industry estimates, averages are used.

## 

# Production

# Background

South African citrus is grown in seven out of the nine provinces, namely
the Western Cape, Eastern Cape, Limpopo, Mpumalanga, Kwa-Zulu Natal,
Northern Cape, and the North West. Production areas and production units
are indicated below:

+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| ######## Citrus       |                       |                       |
|  Producing regions of |                       |                       |
|  South Africa in 2004 |                       |                       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| REGION                | LARGE PRODUCTION      | PRODUCTION AREA (HA)  |
|                       | UNITS                 |                       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 1\. Western Cape      | 687                   | 10,033                |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 2\. Eastern Cape      | 469                   | 14,321                |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 3\. Limpopo           | 301                   | 13,680                |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 4\. Mpumalanga        | 239                   | 11,442                |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 5\. Kwa-Zulu Natal    | 93                    | 4,139                 |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 6\. Northern Cape     | 74                    | 671                   |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 7\. North West        | 12                    | 36                    |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| **TOTAL**             | **1,875**             | **54,322**            |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+

Source: CGA

Production area per citrus variety per production region

  ------------ ------------ ------------ ----------- ------------- ----------- ------------ ------------ ----------- ------------- -----------
  Production                                                                                                                       
  Area per                                                                                                                         
  variety (in                                                                                                                      
  Ha)                                                                                                                              

               **2003**                                                        **2004**                                            

               Oranges                   Soft citrus Grape-fruit   Lemons &    Oranges                   Soft citrus Grape-fruit   Lemons &
                                                                   Limes                                                           Limes

               Valencia     Navels                                             Valencia     Navels                                 

  E. Cape      4,089        5,461        1,913       189           2,455       9,368        1,114        199         1,975         652

  KZN          1,134        637          61          1,677         377         4,957        2,300        395         2,815         468

  Limpopo      9,223        1,064        207         1,798         622         4,026        5,600        1,860       304           2,437

  Mpumalanga   5,276        2,419        429         2,913         469         2,260        3,845        2,798       17            953

  N.West       5            4            7           0             20          1,150        799          66          1,675         371

  N. Cape      75           333          45          4.6           8           147          423          67          5             30

  W. Cape      2,187        3,696        2,639       16            946         0            0            7           0             20

  **Total**    **21,989**   **13,614**   **5,301**   **6,597.6**   **4,897**   **21,908**   **14,081**   **5,392**   **6,791**     **3,811**
  ------------ ------------ ------------ ----------- ------------- ----------- ------------ ------------ ----------- ------------- -----------

The table below highlights total new plantings per production region:

  ----------------- ----------------- ----------------- -----------------
  South Africa's                                        
  new plantings per                                     
  production region                                     

  **Region**        **2002**          **2003**          **2004**

  Eastern Cape      441,902           546,660           427,080

  Kwazulu Natal     20,600            36,030            16,500

  Limpopo           804,120           930,650           1,070,735

  Mpumalanga        376,205           244,590           214,450

  North West        121,350           101,100           86,990

  Northern Cape     156,905           116,990           68,720

  Western Cape      272,850           365,665           368,255

  **Total**         **2,193,932**     **2,341,685**     **2,252,730**
  ----------------- ----------------- ----------------- -----------------

Source: Citrus Research Institute

The citrus season extends from late February to early October, with
exports of about one million tons. In 2002 there were 1,073 citrus
exporters of oranges, lemons, grapefruit and easy peelers to about 60
global destinations.\
\
The citrus industry employs about 60,000 people, and a further 40,000
people are employed in pack- houses. Also, a number of people are
employed throughout the supply chain, in services like transport, port
handling, shipping and allied services. In total, 2% of the country's
population, which is about a million people, is dependent on the citrus
industry.

South Africa's citrus industry has two entities, the Citrus Growers
Association (CGA) and the Citrus South Africa (CSA). The CSA provide
farmers with market information, while the CGA, established in 2001,
handles market access and research issues for citrus growers regionally.

The citrus research, handled by the Citrus Research International, is
funded by statutory levies.

## Production Subcategory

South Africa's 2005 citrus production is expected to increase slightly
(0.7%) from last year because of enough rain and normal temperatures in
most citrus fruit growing areas.

Most of the fruit producing regions started harvesting at the same time
as last year, for Valencia oranges, lemons and grapefruit. Harvesting at
Letsiele and Nkwalini grapefruit regions came two weeks earlier, while
it came a week earlier for Navels around the Western Cape, Sundays River
and Nelspruit orange producing areas. Lemon harvest came early at
Hoedspruit and 2-3 weeks later in Sundays River.

Grapefruit sizes are expected smaller than last year. The average orange
and lemon fruit are bigger in size compared to last year.

+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| South   |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
| Africa, |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
| R       |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
| epublic |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
| of      |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
|         |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
| O       |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
| ranges, |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
| Fresh   |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
|         | ** | **R      | ** | **Es     | ** | **Fo     | **    |
|         | 20 | evised** | 20 | timate** | 20 | recast** | UOM** |
|         | 03 |          | 04 |          | 05 |          |       |
|         | ** |          | ** |          | ** |          |       |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
|         | ** | **Post   | ** | **Post   | ** | **Post   |       |
|         | US | E        | US | E        | US | E        |       |
|         | DA | stimate\ | DA | stimate\ | DA | stimate\ |       |
|         | Of | [New\]** | Of | [New\]** | Of | [New\]** |       |
|         | fi |          | fi |          | fi |          |       |
|         | ci |          | ci |          | ci |          |       |
|         | al |          | al |          | al |          |       |
|         | \  |          | \  |          | \  |          |       |
|         | [O |          | [O |          | [O |          |       |
|         | ld |          | ld |          | ld |          |       |
|         | \] |          | \] |          | \] |          |       |
|         | ** |          | ** |          | ** |          |       |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| Market  |    | 01/2004  |    | 01/2005  |    | 01/2006  | MM    |
| Year    |    |          |    |          |    |          | /YYYY |
| Begin   |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| Area    | 3  | 35989    | 3  | 36350    | 0  | 36700    | (HECT |
| Planted | 59 |          | 60 |          |    |          | ARES) |
|         | 98 |          | 00 |          |    |          |       |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| Area    | 2  | 26500    | 2  | 26670    | 0  | 26800    | (HECT |
| Ha      | 65 |          | 66 |          |    |          | ARES) |
| rvested | 00 |          | 70 |          |    |          |       |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| Bearing | 1  | 11370    | 1  | 11480    | 0  | 11500    | (1000 |
| Trees   | 13 |          | 14 |          |    |          | T     |
|         | 70 |          | 80 |          |    |          | REES) |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| Non-    | 40 | 4070     | 39 | 3960     | 0  | 4000     | (1000 |
| Bearing | 70 |          | 60 |          |    |          | T     |
| Trees   |    |          |    |          |    |          | REES) |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| TOTAL   | 1  | 15440    | 1  | 15440    | 0  | 15500    | (1000 |
| No. Of  | 54 |          | 54 |          |    |          | T     |
| Trees   | 40 |          | 40 |          |    |          | REES) |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| Pro     | 11 | 1113     | 11 | 1130     | 0  | 1140     | (1000 |
| duction | 13 |          | 20 |          |    |          | MT)   |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| Imports | 8  | 8        | 10 | 10       | 0  | 10       | (1000 |
|         |    |          |    |          |    |          | MT)   |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| TOTAL   | 11 | 1121     | 11 | 1140     | 0  | 1150     | (1000 |
| SUPPLY  | 21 |          | 30 |          |    |          | MT)   |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| Exports | 7  | 717      | 6  | 760      | 0  | 760      | (1000 |
|         | 17 |          | 90 |          |    |          | MT)   |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| Fresh   | 1  | 177      | 2  | 170      | 0  | 170      | (1000 |
| Dom.    | 77 |          | 20 |          |    |          | MT)   |
| Cons    |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
| umption |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| Pro     | 2  | 227      | 2  | 210      | 0  | 220      | (1000 |
| cessing | 27 |          | 20 |          |    |          | MT)   |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| TOTAL   | 11 | 1121     | 11 | 1140     | 0  | 1150     | (1000 |
| DISTR   | 21 |          | 30 |          |    |          | MT)   |
| IBUTION |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+

+---------+----+-----------+----+-----------+----+-----------+-----+
| South   |    |           |    |           |    |           |     |
| Africa, |    |           |    |           |    |           |     |
| R       |    |           |    |           |    |           |     |
| epublic |    |           |    |           |    |           |     |
| of      |    |           |    |           |    |           |     |
|         |    |           |    |           |    |           |     |
| 65      |    |           |    |           |    |           |     |
|         |    |           |    |           |    |           |     |
| #####   |    |           |    |           |    |           |     |
| # Degre |    |           |    |           |    |           |     |
| es Brix |    |           |    |           |    |           |     |
|         |    |           |    |           |    |           |     |
| #####   |    |           |    |           |    |           |     |
| # Orang |    |           |    |           |    |           |     |
| e Juice |    |           |    |           |    |           |     |
+---------+----+-----------+----+-----------+----+-----------+-----+
|         | ** | **        | ** | **E       | ** | **F       | *   |
|         | 20 | Revised** | 20 | stimate** | 20 | orecast** | *UO |
|         | 03 |           | 04 |           | 05 |           | M** |
|         | ** |           | ** |           | ** |           |     |
+---------+----+-----------+----+-----------+----+-----------+-----+
|         | ** | **Post    | ** | **Post    | ** | **Post    |     |
|         | US | Estimate  | US | Estimate  | US | Estimate  |     |
|         | DA | \[New\]** | DA | \[New\]** | DA | \[New\]** |     |
|         | Of |           | Of |           | Of |           |     |
|         | fi |           | fi |           | fi |           |     |
|         | ci |           | ci |           | ci |           |     |
|         | al |           | al |           | al |           |     |
|         | \  |           | \  |           | \  |           |     |
|         | [O |           | [O |           | [O |           |     |
|         | ld |           | ld |           | ld |           |     |
|         | \] |           | \] |           | \] |           |     |
|         | ** |           | ** |           | ** |           |     |
+---------+----+-----------+----+-----------+----+-----------+-----+
| Market  |    | 01/2004   |    | 01/2005   |    | 01/2006   | M   |
| Year    |    |           |    |           |    |           | M/Y |
| Begin   |    |           |    |           |    |           | YYY |
+---------+----+-----------+----+-----------+----+-----------+-----+
| Deliv.  | 22 | 227000    | 22 | 210000    | 0  | 220000    | (   |
| To      | 70 |           | 00 |           |    |           | MT) |
| Pro     | 00 |           | 00 |           |    |           |     |
| cessors |    |           |    |           |    |           |     |
+---------+----+-----------+----+-----------+----+-----------+-----+
| Be      | 32 | 3257      | 60 | 6003      | 60 | 6503      | (   |
| ginning | 57 |           | 03 |           | 03 |           | MT) |
| Stocks  |    |           |    |           |    |           |     |
+---------+----+-----------+----+-----------+----+-----------+-----+
| Pro     | 2  | 22930     | 2  | 22200     | 0  | 22500     | (   |
| duction | 29 |           | 22 |           |    |           | MT) |
|         | 30 |           | 00 |           |    |           |     |
+---------+----+-----------+----+-----------+----+-----------+-----+
| Imports | 2  | 273       | 3  | 300       | 0  | 0         | (   |
|         | 73 |           | 00 |           |    |           | MT) |
+---------+----+-----------+----+-----------+----+-----------+-----+
| TOTAL   | 2  | 26460     | 2  | 28503     | 60 | 29003     | (   |
| SUPPLY  | 64 |           | 85 |           | 03 |           | MT) |
|         | 60 |           | 03 |           |    |           |     |
+---------+----+-----------+----+-----------+----+-----------+-----+
| Exports | 74 | 7457      | 95 | 9500      | 0  | 9500      | (   |
|         | 57 |           | 00 |           |    |           | MT) |
+---------+----+-----------+----+-----------+----+-----------+-----+
| D       | 1  | 13000     | 1  | 12500     | 0  | 12700     | (   |
| omestic | 30 |           | 30 |           |    |           | MT) |
| Cons    | 00 |           | 00 |           |    |           |     |
| umption |    |           |    |           |    |           |     |
+---------+----+-----------+----+-----------+----+-----------+-----+
| Ending  | 60 | 6003      | 60 | 6503      | 0  | 6803      | (   |
| Stocks  | 03 |           | 03 |           |    |           | MT) |
+---------+----+-----------+----+-----------+----+-----------+-----+
| TOTAL   | 2  | 26460     | 2  | 28503     | 0  | 29003     | (   |
| DISTR   | 64 |           | 85 |           |    |           | MT) |
| IBUTION | 60 |           | 03 |           |    |           |     |
+---------+----+-----------+----+-----------+----+-----------+-----+

+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| South   |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
| Africa, |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
| R       |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
| epublic |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
| of      |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
|         |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
| ###     |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
| ### Gra |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
| pefruit |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
| , Fresh |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
|         | ** | **R      | ** | **Es     | ** | **Fo     | **    |
|         | 20 | evised** | 20 | timate** | 20 | recast** | UOM** |
|         | 03 |          | 04 |          | 05 |          |       |
|         | ** |          | ** |          | ** |          |       |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
|         | ** | **Post   | ** | **Post   | ** | **Post   |       |
|         | US | E        | US | E        | US | E        |       |
|         | DA | stimate\ | DA | stimate\ | DA | stimate\ |       |
|         | Of | [New\]** | Of | [New\]** | Of | [New\]** |       |
|         | fi |          | fi |          | fi |          |       |
|         | ci |          | ci |          | ci |          |       |
|         | al |          | al |          | al |          |       |
|         | \  |          | \  |          | \  |          |       |
|         | [O |          | [O |          | [O |          |       |
|         | ld |          | ld |          | ld |          |       |
|         | \] |          | \] |          | \] |          |       |
|         | ** |          | ** |          | ** |          |       |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| Market  |    | 01/2004  |    | 01/2005  |    | 01/2006  | MM    |
| Year    |    |          |    |          |    |          | /YYYY |
| Begin   |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| Area    | 66 | 6791     | 66 | 6900     | 0  | 6910     | (HECT |
| Planted | 00 |          | 00 |          |    |          | ARES) |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| Area    | 38 | 3826     | 39 | 3910     | 0  | 3990     | (HECT |
| Ha      | 26 |          | 10 |          |    |          | ARES) |
| rvested |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| Bearing | 15 | 1534     | 15 | 1570     | 0  | 1600     | (1000 |
| Trees   | 34 |          | 70 |          |    |          | T     |
|         |    |          |    |          |    |          | REES) |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| Non-    | 11 | 1113     | 10 | 1080     | 0  | 1050     | (1000 |
| Bearing | 13 |          | 80 |          |    |          | T     |
| Trees   |    |          |    |          |    |          | REES) |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| TOTAL   | 26 | 2647     | 26 | 2650     | 0  | 2650     | (1000 |
| No. Of  | 47 |          | 50 |          |    |          | T     |
| Trees   |    |          |    |          |    |          | REES) |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| Pro     | 2  | 264      | 2  | 250      | 0  | 260      | (1000 |
| duction | 64 |          | 70 |          |    |          | MT)   |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| Imports | 2  | 2        | 2  | 2        | 0  | 2        | (1000 |
|         |    |          |    |          |    |          | MT)   |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| TOTAL   | 2  | 266      | 2  | 252      | 0  | 262      | (1000 |
| SUPPLY  | 66 |          | 72 |          |    |          | MT)   |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| Exports | 2  | 217      | 2  | 200      | 0  | 210      | (1000 |
|         | 17 |          | 20 |          |    |          | MT)   |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| Fresh   | 7  | 7        | 7  | 7        | 0  | 7        | (1000 |
| Dom.    |    |          |    |          |    |          | MT)   |
| Cons    |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
| umption |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| Pro     | 42 | 42       | 45 | 45       | 0  | 45       | (1000 |
| cessing |    |          |    |          |    |          | MT)   |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| TOTAL   | 2  | 266      | 2  | 252      | 0  | 262      | (1000 |
| DISTR   | 66 |          | 72 |          |    |          | MT)   |
| IBUTION |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+

+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| South   |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
| Africa, |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
| R       |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
| epublic |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
| of      |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
|         |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
| ######  |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
|  Lemons |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
| , Fresh |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
|         | ** | **R      | ** | **Es     | ** | **Fo     | **    |
|         | 20 | evised** | 20 | timate** | 20 | recast** | UOM** |
|         | 03 |          | 04 |          | 05 |          |       |
|         | ** |          | ** |          | ** |          |       |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
|         | ** | **Post   | ** | **Post   | ** | **Post   |       |
|         | US | E        | US | E        | US | E        |       |
|         | DA | stimate\ | DA | stimate\ | DA | stimate\ |       |
|         | Of | [New\]** | Of | [New\]** | Of | [New\]** |       |
|         | fi |          | fi |          | fi |          |       |
|         | ci |          | ci |          | ci |          |       |
|         | al |          | al |          | al |          |       |
|         | \  |          | \  |          | \  |          |       |
|         | [O |          | [O |          | [O |          |       |
|         | ld |          | ld |          | ld |          |       |
|         | \] |          | \] |          | \] |          |       |
|         | ** |          | ** |          | ** |          |       |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| Market  |    | 01/2004  |    | 01/2005  |    | 01/2006  | MM    |
| Year    |    |          |    |          |    |          | /YYYY |
| Begin   |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| Area    | 49 | 3811     | 49 | 3800     | 0  | 3800     | (HECT |
| Planted | 30 |          | 50 |          |    |          | ARES) |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| Area    | 26 | 2610     | 26 | 2670     | 0  | 2670     | (HECT |
| Ha      | 10 |          | 70 |          |    |          | ARES) |
| rvested |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| Bearing | 13 | 1380     | 14 | 1410     | 0  | 1410     | (1000 |
| Trees   | 80 |          | 10 |          |    |          | T     |
|         |    |          |    |          |    |          | REES) |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| Non-    | 12 | 1220     | 12 | 1200     | 0  | 1200     | (1000 |
| Bearing | 20 |          | 00 |          |    |          | T     |
| Trees   |    |          |    |          |    |          | REES) |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| TOTAL   | 26 | 2600     | 26 | 2610     | 0  | 2610     | (1000 |
| No. Of  | 00 |          | 10 |          |    |          | T     |
| Trees   |    |          |    |          |    |          | REES) |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| Pro     | 1  | 183      | 1  | 180      | 0  | 190      | (1000 |
| duction | 83 |          | 80 |          |    |          | MT)   |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| Imports | 0  | 0        | 10 | 10       | 0  | 10       | (1000 |
|         |    |          |    |          |    |          | MT)   |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| TOTAL   | 1  | 183      | 1  | 190      | 0  | 200      | (1000 |
| SUPPLY  | 83 |          | 90 |          |    |          | MT)   |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| Exports | 1  | 115      | 1  | 120      | 0  | 130      | (1000 |
|         | 15 |          | 10 |          |    |          | MT)   |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| Fresh   | 20 | 20       | 20 | 20       | 0  | 20       | (1000 |
| Dom.    |    |          |    |          |    |          | MT)   |
| Cons    |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
| umption |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| Pro     | 48 | 48       | 60 | 50       | 0  | 50       | (1000 |
| cessing |    |          |    |          |    |          | MT)   |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+
| TOTAL   | 1  | 183      | 1  | 190      | 0  | 200      | (1000 |
| DISTR   | 83 |          | 90 |          |    |          | MT)   |
| IBUTION |    |          |    |          |    |          |       |
+---------+----+----------+----+----------+----+----------+-------+

# Consumption

Fresh fruit is sold locally to 19 fresh produce markets nationwide, in
Johannesburg, Pretoria, Cape Town, Durban, Springs, Port Elizabeth,
Pietermaritzburg, Klerksdorp, East London, Bloemfontein, Vereeniging,
Welkom, Mpumalanga, Kimberely, Uitenhange, Polokwane, Witbank,
Nelspruit, and Umtata.

Below is a table indicating the metric tons of citrus fruit sent to the
domestic fresh produce markets and average prices received from February
to June, 2005.

  --------- -------------- ------- ----------- ------- ----------- ------- --------- ------- ---------- -------
            **February**           **March**           **April**           **May**           **June**   

            MT             R/T     MT          R/T     MT          R/T     MT        R/T     MT         R/T

  Oranges   876            1,226   2,440       1,731   8,821       1,435   16,646    1,194   26,475     904

  Lemons    877            2,158   880         1,681   843         1,265   818       996     785        1,064
  --------- -------------- ------- ----------- ------- ----------- ------- --------- ------- ---------- -------

Source: NDA

  ----------------------- ----------------------- -----------------------
  **Prices of Citrus sold                         
  in Local Fresh Produce                          
  Markets (US \$/MT)**                            

                          2003                    2004

  Oranges                 147                     168

  Lemons                  245                     281

  Grapefruit              191                     241

  Naartjies               341                     333

  Other Soft citrus       235                     271
  ----------------------- ----------------------- -----------------------

**Source: NDA**

# Trade

South Africa's citrus exports through special export programs are
indicated in the table below. In 2004, 37,455 MT citrus were shipped to
the U.S.

  ------------- --------------- -------------- -------------- --------------- -------------- --------------
  South                                                                                      
  Africa's                                                                                   
  Citrus                                                                                     
  Exports                                                                                    
  through                                                                                    
  Special                                                                                    
  Export                                                                                     
  Programs                                                                                   

                **2003(MT)**                                  **2004 (MT)**                  

                **Presented**   **Approved**   **Rejected**   **Presented**   **Approved**   **Rejected**

  Citrus to the 81,451          76,914         4,537          41,505          37,455         4,050
  US                                                                                         

  Citrus to     98,721          94,874         3,847          96,340          93,249         3,091
  Japan                                                                                      

  Citrus to     6,334           4,461          1,873          6,943           6,488          455
  Korea                                                                                      

  **Total       **186,506**     **176,249**    **10,257**     **144,788**     **137,192**    **7,596**
  special                                                                                    
  exports**                                                                                  
  ------------- --------------- -------------- -------------- --------------- -------------- --------------

Source: Citrus Growers Association

  ------------ ----------------- --------------- --------------- --------------- ------------ -----------
  Citrus Fruit                                                                                
  shipped to                                                                                  
  the U.S. in                                                                                 
  2004 (MT)                                                                                   

  **Navels**   **Clementines**   **Midnights**   **Minneolas**   **Mandarins**   **Lemons**   **Total**

  20,869       9,141             6,082           945             46              373          37,455
  ------------ ----------------- --------------- --------------- --------------- ------------ -----------

Source: CGA

Exports

CY 2005 total citrus exports are expected to increase by 3% despite
reduced quality especially for oranges. At 1.08 million MT, the
country's citrus export volume is forecast to stay near record highs.
South Africa's citrus exports to the U.S. for CY 2005 are expected to
reach about 10% of the total exports because of production from new
black-spot-free areas, Warrenton and Hartswater in the Northern Cape.

Exports figures for South Africa and neighbouring countries are as
follows:

  -------------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- -------------
  **EXPECTED EXPORTS                                             
  FOR 2005 (IN MT)**                                             

  COUNTRY              Grapefruit    Lemons        Oranges       Clementines &
                                                                 Satsumas

  South Africa         190,000       120,000       750,000       71,000

  Mozambique           10,000        0             600           0

  Swaziland/Zimbabwe   300           600           10000         0

  **Total**            **200,000**   **120,600**   **760,600**   **71,000**

  **Other soft citrus  **18,000**                                
  Total**                                                        
  -------------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- -------------

According to the World Trade Atlas, total citrus exports amounted to
1.12 million MT in 2004, a slight increase from 1.11 million MT in 2003.
South Africa's major destinations are detailed below:

ORANGES

In 2004, Netherlands remained the leading export destination for South
Africa's oranges, with a total 121,443 MT, a 20% increase from the same
period last year. Exports to Russia decreased by 34% and by 9% to the
U.K., while it increased by 57% to Spain compared to 2003. Total orange
exports reached 0.71 million MT, a slight decrease from 0.72 million MT
last year.

LEMONS & LIMES

Exports of fresh lemons & limes reached a total 0.115 million MT in 2004
down from 0.131 million MT in 2003. Major export destinations in 2004
were Saudi Arabia (16% of the total), U. A. Emirates (12% of the total),
the U.K. (9.5 % of the total), the Netherlands (8.6% of the total). The
U.S. ranked 23^rd^ in South Africa's major export destinations at a
total 551 MT.

GRAPEFRUIT

South Africa's total fresh grapefruit exports in 2004 amounted to 0.21
million MT. Of the total, consignments destined to Japan (34%), followed
by Netherlands (21%), Mozambique (9.3%) and the U.K. (5%). There were no
recorded exports of grapefruit to the U.S.

In 2004, South Africa's citrus exports totaled 1.12 million MT. The
total figures include 77,723 MT of soft citrus. Citrus exports were
destined to the EU (44%); the Middle East (11.3%); the Far East (8.3%);
Russia (7.3%); the US (2.2%); and to other areas (26.9%).

## Trade Subcategory

+-------------------+--------------+-------------------+--------------+
| South Africa,     |              |                   |              |
| Republic of       |              |                   |              |
|                   |              |                   |              |
| ####              |              |                   |              |
| ## Oranges, Fresh |              |                   |              |
+-------------------+--------------+-------------------+--------------+
| **Time Period**   | **Jan-Dec**  | **Units:**        | **MT**       |
+-------------------+--------------+-------------------+--------------+
| **Exports for:**  | **2003**     |                   | **2004**     |
+-------------------+--------------+-------------------+--------------+
| U.S.              | 25,670       | U.S.              | 24,077       |
+-------------------+--------------+-------------------+--------------+
| Others            |              | Others            |              |
+-------------------+--------------+-------------------+--------------+
| Netherlands       | 100,805      | Netherlands       | 121,443      |
+-------------------+--------------+-------------------+--------------+
| Russia            | 97,362       | Russia            | 72,166       |
+-------------------+--------------+-------------------+--------------+
| U.K.              | 68,502       | U.K.              | 62,444       |
+-------------------+--------------+-------------------+--------------+
| Saudi Arabia      | 57,529       | Spain             | 60,651       |
+-------------------+--------------+-------------------+--------------+
| Mozambique        | 55,645       | Mozambique        | 49,900       |
+-------------------+--------------+-------------------+--------------+
| Spain             | 38,630       | Saudi Arabia      | 46,305       |
+-------------------+--------------+-------------------+--------------+
| U.A.Emirates      | 37,675       | Hong Kong         | 35,691       |
+-------------------+--------------+-------------------+--------------+
| Hong Kong         | 37,050       | Belgium           | 31,914       |
+-------------------+--------------+-------------------+--------------+
| Belgium           | 35,811       | U.A.Emirates      | 30,194       |
+-------------------+--------------+-------------------+--------------+
| Italy             | 26,830       | Italy             | 29,894       |
+-------------------+--------------+-------------------+--------------+
| **Total for       | **555839**   |                   | **540602**   |
| Others**          |              |                   |              |
+-------------------+--------------+-------------------+--------------+
| **Others not      | **174,941**  |                   | **152,780**  |
| Listed**          |              |                   |              |
+-------------------+--------------+-------------------+--------------+
| **Grand Total**   | **756450**   |                   | **717459**   |
+-------------------+--------------+-------------------+--------------+

+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| South Africa,       |            |                     |            |
| Republic of         |            |                     |            |
|                     |            |                     |            |
| Oranges, Fresh      |            |                     |            |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| **Time Period**     | *          | **Units:**          | **MT**     |
|                     | *Jan-Dec** |                     |            |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| **Imports for:**    | **2003**   |                     | **2004**   |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| U.S.                | 0          | U.S.                | 0          |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Others              |            | Others              |            |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Zimbabwe            | 5,770      | Zimbabwe            | 7,757      |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Spain               | 260        | Israel              | 138        |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Canada              | 189        | Zambia              | 30         |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Israel              | 132        |                     |            |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Swaziland           | 95         |                     |            |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| #####               | **6446**   |                     | **7925**   |
| ## Total for Others |            |                     |            |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| **Others not        | **1**      |                     | **0**      |
| Listed**            |            |                     |            |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| **Grand Total**     | **6447**   |                     | **7925**   |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+

+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| South Africa,       |            |                     |            |
| Republic of         |            |                     |            |
|                     |            |                     |            |
| Lemons, Fresh       |            |                     |            |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Time Period         | Jan-Dec    | Units:              | MT         |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Exports for:        | 2003       |                     | 2004       |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| U.S.                | 1,101      | U.S.                | 551        |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Others              |            | Others              |            |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Saudi Arabia        | 19,023     | Saudi Arabia        | 18,536     |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Belgium             | 17,175     | U.A.Emirates        | 14,062     |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| U.K.                | 15,769     | U.K.                | 10,986     |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| U.A.Emirates        | 14,780     | Netherlands         | 10,027     |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Japan               | 11,578     | Hong Kong           | 9,852      |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Hong Kong           | 9,769      | Japan               | 8,513      |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Russia              | 9,213      | Italy               | 8,423      |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Italy               | 7,306      | Belgium             | 5,361      |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Netherlands         | 5,892      | Russia              | 4,139      |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Spain               | 4,320      | Germany             | 3,859      |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Total for Others    | 114825     |                     | 93758      |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Others not Listed   | 15,305     |                     | 20,992     |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Grand Total         | 131231     |                     | 115301     |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+

+-------------------------+------------+----------------+------------+
| South Africa, Republic  |            |                |            |
| of                      |            |                |            |
|                         |            |                |            |
| Lemons, Fresh           |            |                |            |
+-------------------------+------------+----------------+------------+
| Time Period             | Jan-Dec    | Units:         | MT         |
+-------------------------+------------+----------------+------------+
| Imports for:            | 2003       |                | 2004       |
+-------------------------+------------+----------------+------------+
| U.S.                    | 0          | U.S.           | 0          |
+-------------------------+------------+----------------+------------+
| Others                  |            | Others         |            |
+-------------------------+------------+----------------+------------+
| Zimbabwe                | 17         |                | 0          |
+-------------------------+------------+----------------+------------+
|                         |            |                |            |
+-------------------------+------------+----------------+------------+
| Total for Others        | 17         |                | 0          |
+-------------------------+------------+----------------+------------+
| Others not Listed       | 0          |                | 0          |
+-------------------------+------------+----------------+------------+
| Grand Total             | 17         |                | 0          |
+-------------------------+------------+----------------+------------+

+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| South Africa,       |            |                     |            |
| Republic of         |            |                     |            |
|                     |            |                     |            |
| Grapefruit, Fresh   |            |                     |            |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Time Period         | Jan-Dec    | Units:              | MT         |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Exports for:        | 2003       |                     | 2004       |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| U.S.                | 416        | U.S.                | 69         |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Others              |            | Others              |            |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Japan               | 64,896     | Japan               | 73,896     |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Netherlands         | 37,961     | Netherlands         | 45,847     |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| U.K.                | 19,023     | Mozambique          | 22,988     |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Italy               | 14,704     | U.K.                | 20,389     |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Mozambique          | 11,624     | Italy               | 10,955     |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Belgium             | 6,857      | Belgium             | 10,904     |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Spain               | 3,953      | Spain               | 5,994      |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Canada              | 3,711      | Russia              | 5,622      |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| France              | 3,545      | France              | 5,282      |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Germany             | 3,399      | Germany             | 3,651      |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Total for Others    | 169673     |                     | 205528     |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Others not Listed   | 15,615     |                     | 11,539     |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Grand Total         | 185704     |                     | 217136     |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+

+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| South Africa,       |            |                     |            |
| Republic of         |            |                     |            |
|                     |            |                     |            |
| Grapefruit, Fresh   |            |                     |            |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Time Period         | Jan-Dec    | Units:              | MT         |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Imports for:        | 2003       |                     | 2004       |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| U.S.                | 0          | U.S.                | 0          |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Others              |            | Others              |            |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Zimbabwe            | 1,985      | Zimbabwe            | 1,935      |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Israel              | 441        | Israel              | 428        |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Spain               | 44         | Spain               | 42         |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Canada              | 45         | Italy               | 40         |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
|                     |            |                     |            |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Total for Others    | 2515       |                     | 2445       |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Others not Listed   | 0          |                     | 0          |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
| Grand Total         | 2515       |                     | 2445       |
+---------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+

# 

# Policy

The National Department of Agriculture, and the PPECB, are developing a
control plan to regulate South African business operators to adhere to
'from farm to fork' traceability system according to the principles of
EU 882/2004, which is expected for analysis by SANCO by end of 2005.

# Marketing

The National Department of Agriculture concluded a citrus protocol with
China in 2004. Accreditation for exports to China is provided to about
96 orchards in the citrus production regions of the Western Cape (12),
Northern Cape (9), Eastern Cape (13), Limpopo (61) and Mpumalanga (1).
The approved inspection points will be the two ports in Durban, namely
FPT and MFT.

## Marketing Subcategory

The industry plans to focus on global competitiveness this year. Main
issues to tackle will include quality, choices, barriers to trade, human
capital, information and knowledge management, promotions, logistics and
infrastructure, cost of doing business, economic stability and transport
costs.