\<@37\>Carnegie Series

\<@33\>\<i\>*Depth class:*\<p\> Very deep

\<@33\>\<i\>*Drainage class:*\<p\> Well drained

\<@33\>\<i\>*Permeability:*\<p\> Moderately slow

\<@33\>\<i\>*Parent material:*\<p\> Clayey marine sediments

\<@33\>\<i\>*Landscape:*\<p\> Coastal Plain

\<@33\>\<i\>*Landform:*\<p\> Uplands

\<@33\>\<i\>*Landform position:*\<p\> Side slopes and knolls

\<@33\>\<i\>*Slope:*\<p\> 2 to 12 percent

\<@33\>\<i\>*Taxonomic class:*\<p\> Fine, kaolinitic, thermic Plinthic
Kandiudults

\<@27\>Commonly Associated Soils

\<@30\>Cowarts, Faceville, Henderson, Nankin, and Norfolk soils are
commonly associated with the Carnegie series.

-   \<@49\>The Cowarts soils are in positions similar to those of the
    Carnegie soils or lower, have less than 5 percent plinthite, and
    have a fine-loamy control section.

-   \<@29\>The Faceville soils are in positions similar to those of the
    Carnegie soils or slightly higher and have less than 5 percent
    plinthite.

-   \<@29\>The Henderson soils are in positions similar to those of the
    Carnegie soils or slightly lower, have less than 5 percent
    plinthite, and have chert fragments throughout.

-   \<@29\>The Nankin soils are in positions similar to those of the
    Carnegie soils or slightly lower, have less than 5 percent
    plinthite, and have a solum that is less than 60 inches thick.

-   \<@29\>The Norfolk soils are in positions similar to those of the
    Carnegie soils or slightly lower, have less than 5 percent
    plinthite, and have a fine-loamy control section.

\<@27\>Typical Pedon

\<@30\>Carnegie sandy loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes, eroded; about 2.2
miles south of Shellman on County Road 44, about 400 feet west of the
roadway; Randolph County, Georgia; USGS Martins Crossroads topographic
quadrangle; lat. 31 degrees 42 minutes 51 seconds N. and long. 84
degrees 37 minutes 58 seconds W., NAD27.

\<@23\>Ap---0 to 5 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/3) sandy loam; weak fine
granular structure; very friable; many very fine and fine roots; about
10 percent, by volume, ironstone nodules; strongly acid; abrupt wavy
boundary.

\<@33\>Bt1---5 to 12 inches; yellowish red (5YR 4/6) sandy clay loam;
moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; many very fine and
fine roots; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; about 5
percent, by volume, ironstone nodules; strongly acid; gradual wavy
boundary.

\<@33\>Bt2---12 to 17 inches; yellowish red (5YR 4/6) clay; moderate
medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; many distinct
clay films on faces of peds; about 4 percent, by volume, plinthite;
about 5 percent, by volume, ironstone nodules; strongly acid; gradual
wavy boundary.

\<@33\>Btv1---17 to 22 inches; yellowish red (5YR 4/6) clay; moderate
medium subangular blocky structure; firm; many distinct clay films on
faces of peds; about 10 percent, by volume, plinthite; very strongly
acid; gradual wavy boundary.

\<@33\>Btv2---22 to 38 inches; multicolored, about 40 percent red (2.5YR
4/6), 40 percent light reddish brown (2.5YR 6/4), and 20 percent pale
red (2.5YR 7/3) clay; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm;
common distinct clay films on faces of peds; about 10 percent, by
volume, plinthite; red and light reddish brown areas are relic iron
accumulations; pale red areas are relic iron depletions; very strongly
acid; gradual wavy boundary.

\<@33\>Btv3---38 to 72 inches; multicolored, about 25 percent red (2.5YR
4/6), 25 percent light reddish brown (2.5YR 6/4), 25 percent pale red
(2.5YR 7/3), and 25 percent light gray (5Y 7/1) clay in a variegated
pattern; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; about 6
percent, by volume, plinthite; red and light reddish brown areas are
relic iron accumulations; pale red and light gray areas are relic iron
depletions; very strongly acid.

\<@27\>Range in Characteristics

\<@33\>\<i\>*Thickness of the solum:*\<p\> More than 60 inches

\<@33\>\<i\>*Content of gravel:*\<p\> 5 to 25 percent, by volume,
ironstone nodules in the A or Ap horizon and 0 to 10 percent, by volume,
in the Bt horizons

\<@33\>\<i\>*Content of plinthite:*\<p\> More than 5 percent between
depths of about 20 and 50 inches

\<@33\>\<i\>*Reaction:*\<p\> Very strongly acid or strongly acid
throughout, except where the surface layer has been limed

\<@23\>\<i\>*A, Ap, or Apc horizon:*\<p\>

\<@31\>Color---hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 2 to
6

\<@31\>Texture---sandy loam or gravelly sandy loam

\<@23\>\<i\>*Upper part of the Bt or Btc horizon:*\<p\>

\<@31\>Color---hue of 5YR to 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 6 to 8

\<@31\>Relic redoximorphic features---no or few in shades of red or
yellow

\<@31\>Texture---sandy clay loam or sandy clay

\<@23\>\<i\>*Lower part of the Bt or B´t horizon (where present):*\<p\>

\<@31\>Color---multicolored in shades of red, brown, yellow, or gray

\<@31\>Relic redoximorphic features---few or common relict accumulations
in shades of red, brown, or yellow and relic depletions in shades of
gray

\<@31\>Texture---sandy clay or clay

\<@23\>\<i\>*Btv horizon:*\<p\>

\<@31\>Color---hue of 2.5YR to 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 6 to
8; or multicolored in shades of red, brown, yellow, or gray

\<@31\>Relic redoximorphic features---few to many relict accumulations
in shades of red, brown, or yellow and depletions in shades of gray

\<@31\>Texture---sandy clay or clay

\<@23\>\<i\>*C horizon (where present):*\<p\>

\<@31\>Color---multicolored in shades similar to those in the lower part
of the Bt horizon

\<@31\>Texture---sandy clay or sandy clay loam