HI I'M FROM PACIFIC NORTHWEST NATIONAL LABORATORY. WE ARE GOING TO BE
TALKING TO YOU TODAY ABOUT ASHRAE, IESNA, AND STANDARD POINT 1999 AND
GIVING YOU MORE IN-DEPTH COVERAGE THAN WE DID LAST YEAR. I WOULD LIKE TO
WELCOME OUR NATIONAL AUDIENCE. WE HAVE ABOUT 160 SITES REGISTERED WITH
US. AS WELL AS OUR STUDIO AUDIENCE HERE PROVIDED TO US BY COOPERATION
WITH THE INLAND EMPIRE CHAPTER OF ASHRAE. WE ARE HAPPY TO HAVE YOU HERE
IN THE STUDIO WITH US. I WOULD LIKE TO WELCOME OUR DISTINGUISHED
PRESENTERS. I WILL BE INTRODUCING EACH OF THOSE IN THE RESPECTIVE
SEGMENTS. ALSO NEED TO RECOGNIZE THE SPONSORS THE DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY,
ASHRAE AND IESNA. THE FORMAT FOR THE BROADCAST WILL BE IN THREE SEPARATE
SEGMENTS. ONE ON THE ENVELOPE, A SECOND ON THE MECHANICAL AND A THIRD ON
THE LIGHTING. EACH OF THE SEGMENTS WILL THEN BE FOLLOWED BY A QUESTION
AND ANSWER PERIOD AND A BRIEF INTERMISSION. WE WILL BE TALKING ABOUT THE
\'99 STANDARD TODAY. WE WILL MAKE REFERENCES TO THE 2001 STANDARD.
ASHRAE HAS PUBLISHED A NUMBER OF ADDENDA AND CHANGES TO THE 1999
STANDARD. THOSE ARE BEING FOLDED INTO A NEW PRINTED VERSION OF THE 2001.
IT WILL BE SUBMITTED TO THE MODEL CODE ORGANIZATIONS FOR THEIR APPROVAL.
I\'M SURE YOU\'LL ALL WANT TO KNOW WHERE TO GET THE STANDARD. WE SHOULD
HAVE ON THE SCREEN A GRAPHIC THAT GIVES THE INFORMATION FOR THE ASHRAE
BOOK STORE, PHONE NUMBERS, AS WELL AS THE WEBSITE. I UNDERSTAND THE
STANDARD IS PRINTED. IN FACT, WE BELIEVE SOME COPIES ARE ON THEIR WAY
FEDERAL EXPRESS OUT HERE TO US IN SPOKANE. HOPEFULLY IF WE GET THEM WE
CAN HOLD THEM UP FOR YOU. I WOULD ALSO LIKE TO MENTION, BECAUSE THE
IMPORTANCE OF THE STANDARD OBVIOUSLY COMES WHEN THE STATES ADOPT THE
STANDARDS. ON THE SCREEN YOU SHOULD SEE A MAP THAT INDICATES THE STATUS
OF STATE ADOPTION. STATES SHOWN IN PURPLE ARE STATES WHO CURRENTLY MEET
OR EXCEED THE \'89 VERSION, THE PREVIOUS VERSION TO THE \'99. THE RED
ARE ONES THAT MEET OR EXCEED \'99. THE YELLOW STATES ARE THOSE THAT ARE
IN THE PROCESS. THESE ARE BASED ON INFORMATION THAT\'S REPORTED BY THE
STATES TO THE DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY. THERE MAY BE SOME SUBSEQUENT
PROGRESS ON THIS. SO, THAT\'S SORT OF WHAT\'S IMPORTANT HERE ABOUT THIS.
NOW, LET\'S MOVE INTO THE CONTENT OF OUR PRESENTATION. I WOULD LIKE TO
INTRODUCE OUR FIRST PRESENTER, MERYL MCBRIDE FROM OWENS CORNING. HE
SERVED AS THE PAST CHAIRMAN OF PRIOR TO MY TENURE. THANK YOU, RON.

WELCOME EVERYBODY TO THE SATELLITE BROADCAST. I APPRECIATE THE
OPPORTUNITY TO PRESENT THE ENVELOPE REQUIREMENTS. MY INTENT IS TO
PROVIDE INSIGHTS NOT AVAILABLE JUST BY READING OF THE STANDARD. THE
OVERVIEW OF MY PRESENTATION IS DIVIDED INTO SIX TOPICS. FIRST WE WILL
HAVE A DESCRIPTION OF THE BACKGROUND AND THE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS. THIS
WILL EXPLAIN THE UNDERLYING DECISION AND ASSUMPTIONS THAT WENT INTO THE
CREATION OF THE STANDARD. FROM THERE WE WILL SHIFT TO THE FOCUS AND THE
CRY TIER YEAH AND COMPLIANCE AND INCLUDE COMPARISONS TO THE 1999
STANDARD. I\'LL FINISH UP WITH THE DISCUSSIONS ON ERRATA AND ADDENDA AND
FINALLY QUESTIONS AT THE END OF THE PRESENTATION. THE FIRST TOPIC DEALS
WITH THE BACKGROUND THAT LED UP TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE 1999 STANDARD.
WHAT I INTEND TO DO IS EXPLAIN THE MAJOR UNDERLYING DIFFERENCES BETWEEN
THE TWO STANDARDS FOCUSING ON THE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS AND THE STRINGENCY
LEVELS. IN TERMS OF BACKGROUND THERE WERE FOUR KEY ISSUES THAT WERE
CRITICAL. THE FIRST ONE WAS THE CRITERIA DEVELOPMENT USED TO DEVELOP THE
STANDARD. IN 1989 THE PRIMARY FOCUS WAS PROFESSIONAL JUDGMENT. THE ONLY
EXCEPTION TO THAT WAS AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS THAT WAS USED TO DETERMINE
PIPE INSULATION REQUIREMENTS. THAT WAS SUBJECT TO PUBLIC COMMENTS AND
CRITICISM IN 1999 WE ELECTED TO USE ECONOMIC ANALYSIS AS THE PRIMARY
FOCUS BUT TEMPER THAT WITH PROFESSIONAL JUDGMENT AS NECESSARY. THE
SECOND MAJOR DIFFERENCE IS THE SIMPLIFIED CRITERIA IN \'89 WE ARE
ESSENTIALLY LOOKING AT ENVELOPE CRITERIA IN TERMS OF U-FACTORS. IN 1989
WE WANTED TO FURTHER SIMPLIFY THAT, WE PRESENT THAT IN TERMS OF
INSULATION R-VALUES. THE THIRD KEY ISSUE IS THE COMPONENT TRADE OFFICE.
IN THE 1989 THE BASIS FOR THAT WAS EQUAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION. THIS IS
REALLY CRITICAL TO UNDERSTAND THE DIFFERENCES. FOR 1999 THE REQUIREMENT
IS EQUAL ENERGY COSTS. SO WE HAVE A FUNDAMENTAL DIFFERENCE IN TERMS OF
THE TWO STANDARDS. IN 1989 THE TRADE-OFFS FOR THE ENVELOPE WERE LIMITED
TO WINDOWS AND WALLS. WE WANTED TO EXPAND THAT IN 1999, WE CAN DO
TRADE-OFFS FOR THE ENTIRE ENVELOPE. IN TERMS OF THE CRITERIA DEVELOPMENT
FOR THE 1999 WE HAD THREE MAJOR TECHNICAL OBJECTIVES. IT HAD TO BE
TECHNICALLY FEASIBLE. IT WAS ONLY TO ANALYZE THE ACTUAL PRODUCTS. WE
WEREN\'T LOOKING FOR CONSTRUCTION IN THE FUTURE. WE ARE LOOKING AT
WHAT\'S AVAILABLE OFF THE SHELF TODAY. SECOND, WE WANTED TO MAKE SURE
THE STANDARD WAS ECONOMICALLY JUSTIFIED. OUR APPROACH WAS WE USED
LIFE-CYCLE COST ANALYSIS. FINALLY, WE WANTED THE STANDARD TO BE
BALANCED. WE DID THAT AS PART OF OUR LIFE CYCLE. WE\'LL EXPLAIN THAT IN
DETAIL LATER. IF WE LOOK AT WHAT WE MEAN BY BALANCE, WHAT I HAVE HERE IS
A GRAPH THAT SHOWS THE RELATIVE STRINGENCY OF THE -- PRIMARILY THE
ENVELOPE, MECHANICAL AND LIGHTING. PERCEPTION WAS IN 1989 THE ENVELOPE
WAS STRINGENT AND THAT THE MECHANICAL WAS IN TERMS OF RELATIVE
STRINGENCY, NOT AS TIGHT, AND LIGHTING WAS THE LEAST. WHAT WE HOPE TO DO
IN THE 1999 STANDARD WAS BRING THEM ALL UP TO EQUIVALENT LEVELS OF
STRINGENCY. WE DID THIS BY APPLYING PROFESSIONAL JUDGMENT. THE MAGNITUDE
OF THESE ARE NOT ABSOLUTE VALUES. THEY ARE RELATIVE. I\'M NOT GETTING
THE -- THERE WE GO. THE CRITERIA DEVELOPMENT WE WANT TO LOOK AT WAS DONE
THROUGH A RIGOROUS PROCESS. IT WAS TEMPERED WITH PROFESSIONAL JUDGMENT.
WE MODELED INDIVIDUAL COMPONENTS. LOOKED AT THERMAL AND ECONOMIC
PERFORMANCE AND COUPLED THAT \-- IN TERMS OF THE ACTUAL MODELING I WOULD
LIKE TO STEP THROUGH THE NONRESIDENTIAL CRITERIA. WE STARTED WITH OUR
MODELING ASSUMPTIONS AND LOOK AT BUILDING TYPES. WE FOUND RETAIL AND
OFFICE BUILDINGS ACCOUNTED FOR ABOUT 50% OF NEW BUILDINGS. IN MODELING
THOSE WE ASSIGNED THE HVAC SYSTEMS TO BE ROOFTOP UNITS, GAS FIRED
EVAPORATIVE COOLING. FUEL PRICES WE USED NATIONAL AVERAGE PRICES. SINCE
THE ENVELOPE CRITERIA IS CLIMATE SENSITIVE WE LOOKED AT 11 DIFFERENT
CITIES AROUND THE COUNTRY AND ENVELOPE REGIONS. MERYL, AS I LOOK AT THE
INFORMATION, I'M SURE A LOT OF OUR VIEWERS AROUND THE COUNTRY ARE
LOOKING AT THE FUEL PRICES AND THINKING ABOUT HOW CLOSE THEY MAY BE TO
THEIR OWN LOCAL PRICES. I WONDER IF YOU MIGHT ELABORATE ON THE BASIS FOR
THESE NUMBERS? WE STARTED WITH USING NATIONAL AVERAGES JUST AS A
NUMERICAL CALCULATION. IF YOU DO THAT AND COUPLE IT WITH ECONOMICS, WHAT
YOU FIND IS THAT YOU COULD JUSTIFY DIFFERENT ENVELOPE REQUIREMENTS WITH
DIFFERENT FUEL TYPES AND DIFFERENT FUEL COSTS. SO WE ACTUALLY WENT
THROUGH THE EXERCISE AND DEVELOPED CRITERIA FOR A GAS SYSTEM AND
ELECTRIC RESISTANCE AND PUT THAT OUT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW. IT WAS SO
CONTROVERSIAL IT DIDN\'T SURVIVE THE PUBLIC REVIEW PROCESS. WE WANTED TO
INCORPORATE THAT KIND OF TECHNOLOGY INTO THE STANDARDS. FOR THE HEATING
PRICE WE USED A BLENDED COST 95% BASED ON NATURAL GAS 5% BASED ON THE
COST OF \-- ELECTRICAL COST OF HEAT. THE 66 IS A BLENDED NUMBER. LOU
CAN\'T FIND IT AS A NUMERICAL AVERAGE OF ELECTRICAL DATA. THANKS, MERYL.
TO COMPLETE OUR ANALYSIS, WE STARTED WITH MODELING A RETAIL BUILDING. IF
YOU LOOK AT IT, YOU MIGHT THINK IT WAS ARCHITECTURALLY CHALLENGED. I
REFER TO IT AS AN ENGINEER\'S DREAM. WHY IS THAT? FIRST OF ALL, IT\'S
VERY SIMPLE GEOMETRY. IT HAS A CORE ZONE. IT HAS FOUR PERIMETER ZONES.
WE COULD CHANGE HE FENESTRATION EXPOSURE FROM ZERO TO 50% TO THE WINDOW
TO WALL RATIO. SO THIS GAVE US A LOT OF FLEXIBILITY TO GO THROUGH AND
START DOING OUR THERMAL AND ECONOMIC ANALYSIS FOR RETAIL BUILDINGS. WE
ALSO LOOKED AT OFFICE BUILDINGS AND WE GOT CREATIVE. WE PUT ONE STORE ON
TOP OF THE OTHER. WHAT\'S IMPORTANT TO RECOGNIZE IN THIS IS THAT WE
COMPLETED DETAILED SIMULATIONS ON A FULL RANGE OF CONSTRUCTION OPTIONS
FOR EACH ENVELOPE COMPONENT. FOR EXAMPLE, ON THE ROOF CEILING WE DID
ANALYSIS FROM NO INSULATION TO R-100 USING EXISTING PRODUCTS. WE LET THE
ECONOMICS DETERMINE WHAT WAS ACTUALLY COST EFFECTIVE FOR EACH OF THE
INDIVIDUAL CLIMATE REGIONS. THIS WAS THE APPROACH TAKEN FOR EACH OF THE
MAJOR SECTIONS OF STANDARD. WE ARE LOOKING AT THIS IN TERMS OF THE
NONRESIDENTIAL REQUIREMENTS. WHEN WE LOOKED AT MODELING RESIDENTIAL
BUILDINGS, WE CHANGED THE HOURS OF OPERATION. E CHANGED THE OCCUPANCY
LEVELS, CHANGED LIGHTING LEVELS. WE DID THIS TO BE CONSISTENT WITH THE
STANDARD. NOW, JUST TO SHOW THAT REAL BUILDINGS CAN LOOK LIKE OUR
MODELS. THIS IS THE ACTUAL BUILDING WHERE I WORK. NOW THE END RESULT OF
ALL THIS MODELING WAS THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENVELOPE CRITERIA. SO THAT
I WOULD LIKE TO FOCUS ON THE CRITERIA AND COMPARE IT TO THE 1989
STANDARD. IF WE LOOK AT THE CRITERIA WE HAVE FIRST MANDATORY PROBATIONS
THAT HAVE TO BE MET REGARDLESS OF WHAT COMPLIANCE PATH IS SELECTED.
THERE ARE THREE COMPLIANCE PATHS THAT YOU CAN SELECT. THE FIRST ONE IS
THE PRESCRIPTIVE PATH. THAT IS THE SIMPLEST. THERE ARE A COUPLE OF
RESTRICTIONS. FIRST THE WINDOW WALL RATIOS HAS TO BE LESS THAN 50% AND
SKYLIGHTS HAVE TO BE LESS THAN 5% OF THE TOTAL ROOF AREA. IF YOU MEET
THOSE TWO REQUIREMENTS YOU CAN USE THIS PATH. IF YOU WANT TO LOOK AT
MORE SOPHISTICATED CRITERIA, YOU CAN USE THE ENVELOPE TRADE-OFF
PROCEDURE. THAT ALLOWS YOU TO INCREASE THE GLAZING AREA BEYOND 50%. IF
YOU WANT TO GO FURTHER AND TRADE OFF WHOLE BUILDING, YOU CAN LOOK AT THE
ENERGY COST METHOD AND EVALUATE ENVELOPE, MECHANICAL AND LIGHTING
TRADEOFFS. TO GET INTO THE INDIVIDUAL CRITERIA WE NEED TO START WITH A
GENERAL DEFINITION OF SOME OF THE BUILDING ELEMENTS. FIRST IS A
CONDITION SPACE. FOR THIS, I HAVE IT SHOWN AS THIS SPACE IN THE CENTER
OF THE BUILDING. THIS IS A SPACE THAT HAS A COOLING SENSIBLE CAPACITY OF
FIVE BTU HOURS PER SQUARE FOOT. HEATING CAPACITY RAGES FROM FIVE TO 30
BTU HOURS PER SQUARE FOOT. IT IS DESIGNED FOR HUMAN COMFORT. THE
ENVELOPE CRITERIA BETWEEN THE CONDITION SPACE AND EXTERIOR IS HAVING THE
LARGEST TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE AND YOU MEET THE CONDITION SPACE
CRITERIA. HOWEVER, IF THE CONDITION SPACE IS ADJACENT TO SOME OTHER
SPACE, FOR INSTANCE SEMI-HEATED SPACE, THE CRITERIA ISN\'T AS STRINGENT.
THERE YOU MEET THE SEMI-HEATED CRITERIA. FROM THERE IF YOU GO TO THE
OUTSIDE, IT\'S THE SEMI-HEATED. THERE ARE TWO DIFFERENT CRITERIA THAT
HAVE TO BE MET DEPENDED ON THE USE IN SPACE. THE LAST IS AN
UNCONDITIONED SPACE, AND THE EXTERIOR WALL FOR THAT HAS NO CRITERIA SO
THAT\'S EASY TO DEMONSTRATE COMPLIANCE. OUR CRITERIA ARE CLIMATE
SENSITIVE. WE HAVE DONE A LOT IN LOOKING AT THE CLIMATIC DATA. WE HAVE
IDENTIFIED TWO WEATHER VARIABLES. WE ARE LOOKING AT COOLING DEGREE-DAYS
TO BASE 50. THAT\'S BASED ON MODELING AND REPRESENTS ESSENTIALLY THE
BALANCE POINT FOR COOLING IN BUILDINGS. THE HORIZONTAL ACCESS IS HEATING
DEGREE-DAYS TO BASE 65. THAT\'S USED PRIMARILY FOR HISTORICAL REASONS.
IT\'S ALSO REASONABLE FOR A BALANCE POINT OF COMMERCIAL APPLICATION. IF
WE LOOK AT THE GRAPH, WE SEE THE DATA HAS A DEFINED CONTOUR. THERE\'S NO
WEATHER DATA THAT MEETS THE CLIMATES EITHER IN TERMS OF SEVERE
COMBINATIONS OF HEATING AND COOLING OR MINIMAL AMOUNT OF HEATING AND
COOLING COMBINATIONS. WE ARE LOOKING AT THE REGIONS TO DEFINE THE
CLIMATE. IN THE 1989 STANDARD THERE WERE FIVE WEATHER VARIABLES THAT
DEFINED THE CLIMATES. IT MADE IT MORE DIFFICULT TO SET UP AND DEVELOP
THE ENVELOPE CRITERIA. EACH DIFFERENT COLOR REGION DEFINES A CLIMATE
BIN. THE SIZE OF THESE BINS ARE DEFINED IN INCREMENTS OF 900 AND THE
REASON FOR THAT IS THE MULTIPLE CONVERSION TO SKI MAKES IT 500. SO THE
TWO STANDARDS HAVE INTEGER INCREMENTS. THE BLACK SQUARES REPRESENT THE
POINTS WHERE THE CALCULATIONS WERE USED FOR THE ANALYSIS. IF WE LOOK AT
THIS POINT, IT WAS OUR FIRST CLIMATE ZONE, AND WE START GOING DOWN
NUMBERING IN SEQUENCE NUMBER 2, WHICH WOULD BE A PLACE LIKE MIAMI,
FLORIDA. 3 AND CLIMATE ZONE 4 INCLUDES THIS POINT, AS WELL AS ANYTHING
THAT WOULD OCCUR DOWN TO ZERO BELOW THAT. THERE\'S NOT ANY CLIMATES DOWN
THERE. WE ARE CALCULATING IT AS A POINT WHERE IT MAY REFLECT ACTUAL
CLIMATIC DATA. AS WE CONTINUE LOOKING AT SEVERITY WE GET TO THE MIDDLE
OF THE COUNTRY. THIS IS REPRESENTATIVE OF CLIMATE ZONE 13 CONTAINING ST.
LOUIS. AND WE GET TO CLIMATE ZONE 19, WHICH IS REPRESENTATIVE OF
BISMARCK, NORTH DAKOTA. FINALLY YOU END UP WITH SEVERITY OF ALASKA
CLIMATES AND BEYOND. THIS FORM IS GOOD FOR ALL CLIMATIC STANDARDS. IF WE
WANT TO SEE WHERE THE REGIONS EXIST \-- WE HAVE A MAP TRYING TO SHOW
THOSE. START WITH CLIMATE ZONE 2 SHOWING MIAMI CLIMATE ZONE 3, CLIMATE
ZONE 4. YOU START TO SEE A BAND THAT GOES AROUND THE COUNTRY TO PICK UP
OTHER REGIONS. IT GETS VERY COMPLICATED. IF YOU HAVE LOCATIONS THAT ARE
NOT LISTED IN THE STANDARD, YOU HAVE TWO OPTIONS. FIRST SELECT THE
LOCATION THAT BEST REPRESENTS THE CLIMATIC CONDITIONS WITH THE
CONSTRUCTION SITE BEING ANALYZED. IF YOU DON\'T WANT TO DO THAT OR IF
YOU HAVE RECORDED HISTORICAL DATA, YOU CAN USE THAT PROVIDED IT\'S
APPROVED BY THE LOCAL BUILDING OFFICIAL. WE THINK WE HAVE THE U.S.
CLIMATES PRETTY WELL COVERED. NEXT I WANT TO GET INTO ARE THE GENERAL
REQUIREMENTS OF SPACE CONDITIONING CATEGORIES. THEY ARE DEFINED BY THE
USE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE OCCUPANTS. IT REQUIRES NO CALCULATION. HAT\'S
A TREMENDOUS SIMPLIFICATION. IF YOU LOOKING AT NONRESIDENTIAL SPACE,
THAT\'S WHERE PEOPLE WORK. RESIDENTIAL SPACE IS WHERE PEOPLE LIVE.
SEMI-HEATED SPACE IS FOR STORAGE AND NOT DESIGNED FOR THERMAL COMFORT.
CONTRAST THAT TO THE 1989 STANDARD WHERE THERE\'S ELABORATE CALCULATION
YOU HAD TO GO THROUGH TO DETERMINE THE BUILDING CRITERIA BASED ON
INTERNAL LOAD DENSITY WHICH IS THE FUNCTION OF LIGHTING POWER DENSITY,
EQUIPMENT POWER DENSITY, OCCUPANT LOAD ADJUSTMENTS. A LOT OF
CALCULATIONS AND VALUES HAD TO BE KNOWN. WE FEEL THIS IS A TREMENDOUS
SIMPLIFICATION IN BEING ABLE TO USE THE STANDARD. CAN\'T GO WITH THE
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS. WE HAVE A DESIGN REQUIREMENT FOR CONDITION SPACES.
IF YOU ARE LOOKING AT A BUILDING THAT MAY BE A SPEC OFFICE BUILDING, OR
YOU ARE NOT SURE WHAT WILL GO INTO IT, THE REQUIREMENTS AND STANDARDS
ARE YOU HAVE TO ASSUME THAT IT WILL BE CONDITION SPACE AT THE TIME OF
CONSTRUCTION REGARDLESS OF WHETHER MECHANICAL OR ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT IS
INCLUDED IN THE BUILDING PERMIT OR INSTALLED AT THAT TIME, UNLESS YOU
CAN MEET SOME OF THE RESTRICTIONS WHERE IT\'S MAYBE SEMI-HEATED OR
UNCONDITIONED AND APPROVED BY THE BUILDING OFFICIAL, THEN YOU SPECIFY
THAT ON THE FLOOR PLANS. IN ADDITION TO GENERAL REQUIREMENTS, WE HAVE
MANDATORY CRITERIA. THIS COVERS THREE BROAD TOPICS, INSULATION,
FENESTRATION AND AIR LEAKAGE. I WILL REVIEW EACH OF THESE IN DETAIL. IN
TERMS OF INSULATION, THIS IS REQUIRED FOR ALL COMPLIANCE PATHS. FIRST
THE INSULATION MUST BE INSTALLED PER MANUFACTURER\'S RECOMMENDATION TO
ACHIEVE THE RATED R-VALUE. THERE ARE OTHER REQUIREMENTS. IF IT\'S LOOSE
FILL INSULATION, YOU CAN INSTALL IT IF THE SLOPE OF THE APPLICATION IS
MORE THAN 3 AND 12, AND IF IT\'S IN AN ATTIC IT REQUIRES BAFFLES SO YOU
ARE NOT HAVING AIR BLOW THE INSULATION BACK FROM THE EAVES. THEN WE HAVE
EXCEPTIONS. THE FIRST EXCEPTION IS FOR METAL BUILDINGS. THE ROOF AND
WALL INSULATION CAN BE COMPRESSED BECAUSE THAT\'S NORMAL APPLICATION.
YOU DON\'T NEED TO MEET THE MANUFACTURE\'S INSTALLED R-VALUE AS THE
PRODUCT IS MANUFACTURED. SECOND REQUIREMENT IS THAT YOU HAVE TO HAVE THE
INSULATION IN SUBSTANTIAL CONTACT WITH THE INSIDE SURFACE. THIS IS TO
AVOID HAVING AIR CAVITIES AND SETTING UP CONVEX CURRENTS. THERE IS
EXCEPTIONS. IF YOU HAVE REFLECTIVE INSULATION THAT RELY ON AIR SPACE,
THAT IS PERMITTED. THE THIRD REQUIREMENT DEALS WITH RECESSED EQUIPMENT,
LIGHTING FIXTURES, HVAC EQUIPMENT, AND DUCTS. THEY ARE NOT TO AFFECT THE
INSULATION THICKNESS. WE WANT TO KEEP FULL INSULATION THICKNESS AND
R-VALUE. THERE\'S AT LEAST ONE EXCEPTION TO EVERY RULE. IN THIS CASE IF
YOU DO AN AREA WEIGHTED CALCULATION AND THE COMPRESSED INSULATION IS
LESS THAN ONE PERCENT OF THE GROSS AREA THAT IS DEEMED ACCEPTABLE FOR
DEMONSTRATING COMPLIANCE. NEXT IT DEALS WITH SUSPENDED CEILINGS. WITH
REMOVABLE CEILING PANELS, WE ARE NOT ALLOWING THOSE TO BE BACK LOADED
AND ACHIEVE DEMONSTRATING COMPLIANCE WITH THE STANDARD. YOU NEED TO HAVE
ROOF INSULATION OR INSULATION UNDERNEATH THE DECK IN THOSE KIND OF
APPLICATIONS. FINALLY, IF THERE\'S ANY EXTERIOR INSULATION IT NEEDS TO
BE PROTECTED. IF IT\'S BELOW GRADE, THERE\'S A REQUIREMENT FOR WATER
ABSORPTION THAT HAS TO BE MET. IF WE LOOK AT THE MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS
FOR FENESTRATION INDOORS, THE FIRST SPECIFICATION IN TERMS OF THE USE OF
FACTOR, AND THIS HAS TO BE DETERMINED FOR UNITS THAT ARE PRODUCTION LINE
OR THAT COULD BE PURCHASED BY THE CONSUMER. THEY HAVE TO DETERMINE
COMPLIANCE IN ACCORDANCE TO THE NATIONAL FENESTRATION STANDARD. THE TEST
HAS TO BE DONE BY AN ACCREDITED LABORATORY. ACH UNIT HAS TO BE LABELED
BY THE MANUFACTURER. IN 1989 WE DIDN\'T HAVE THIS LEVEL OF
SPECIFICATIONS IN THE STANDARD. OF COURSE WE HAVE A SERIES OF
EXCEPTIONS. IF IT\'S NOT A STANDARD PRODUCTION UNIT THAT SOMETHING IS
SITE BUILT, THEN WE HAVE CRITERIA IN THE STANDARD THAT CAN BE USED FOR
DEFAULT VALUES FOR DEMONSTRATING U-VALUE REQUIREMENTS. IF YOU WANT TO
TAKE CREDIT FOR CODINGS, THERE HAS TO BE NFRC COMPLIANCE. IF YOU HAVE
VERTICAL FENESTRATION, FOR INSTANCE GLASS BLOCKS THAT DOES NOT HAVE AN
NFRC RATING, YOU CAN U-VALUES IN THE APPENDIX TO THE STANDARD. FINALLY
OPAQUE DOORS HAVE AN NFRC STANDARD FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPLIANCE. GARAGE
DOORS HAVE THE STANDARD BY THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF GARAGE DOOR
MANUFACTURERS. THERE ARE A LOT OF SPECIFICATIONS FOR INDIVIDUAL PRODUCTS
THAT GO INTO CONSTRUCTION OF THE ENVELOPE. THERE\'S CRITERIA FOR SOLAR
HEAT GAIN COEFFICIENT. IT HAS TO BE DETERMINED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE
NFRC STANDARDS DONE BY AN ACCREDITED LABORATORY AND LABELED BY THE
MANUFACTURER. EXCEPTION IS IF YOU DON'T HAVE THAT, YOU CAN TAKE THE
SHADING COEFFICIENT MULTIPLY BY 86 AND THAT WILL GIVE YOU THE HEAT GAIN
FACTOR FOR THE ENTIRE ASSEMBLY. IF YOU ONLY HAVE CENTER OF GLASS, YOU
ALSO CAN USE THAT AS THE SOLAR HEAT COEFFICIENT. GLAZE WALL SYSTEMS AND
VERTICAL FENESTRATIONS DEFAULT VALUES ARE LISTED IN THE STANDARD THAT
CAN BE USED TO DEMONSTRATE COMPLIANCE. FINALLY ON FENESTRATION IF YOU
WANT TO USE DYE LIGHTING CREDITS AND YOU NEED TO VALIDATE THE VISIBLE
LIGHT TRANSMISSIONS OF THE

FENESTRATION, IT HAS TO BE NFRC RATED AND VERIFIED BY THE MANUFACTURER
IN ORDER TO TAKE THE CREDITS. ALL RIGHT, SWITCHING FROM THAT TO AIR
LEAKAGE. IT\'S IMPORTANT TO UNDERSTAND THAT THERE IS NO CRITERIA IN THE
STANDARD ON AIR TIGHTNESS OF THE ENVELOPE. HOWEVER THERE ARE CRITERIA TO
MINIMIZE AIR LEAKAGE BY SEALING, CAULKING, GASKETING AND WEATHER
STRIPPING. WHERE IS THAT APPLIED? WE TELL YOU TO LOOK AT JOINTS AROUND
FENESTRATION AND DOORFRAMES, JUNCTIONS BETWEEN WALLS AND ROOFS, UTILITY
SERVICE OPENINGS, SITE BUILT FENESTRATION, DUCTS AND PLENUMS, VAPOR
JOINTS, AND ANY OTHER OPENING IN THE BUILDING ENVELOPE. IF THAT ISN\'T
ENOUGH, WE FURTHER OUTLINE WHERE YOU NEED TO SEAL IN TERMS OF OUTSIDE
AIR INTAKES, EXHAUST OUTLETS, RELIEF OUTLETS, STAIR SHAFTS, ELEVATOR
SHAFTS, SMOKE RELIEF OPENINGS. THERE\'S A COUPLE REQUIREMENTS IN THE
MECHANICAL SECTION FOR SHUT OFF DAMPER CONTROLS AND GRAVITY VENT
CONTROLS. THE REQUIREMENTS FOR AIR LEAKAGE FOR INDIVIDUAL PRODUCTS IN
TERMS OF FENESTRATION AND DOORS HAVE TO MEET NATIONAL FENESTRATING
RATING STANDARDS. FOR SWINGING AND RESOLVING DOORS THE NEW REQUIREMENT
IS 1 CFM PER SQUARE FOOT. IN THE 1989 IT WAS 1 1/2 PER SQUARE FOOT. ALL
THERE PRODUCTS ARE .4 CFM PER SQUARE FOOT. WE HAVE EXCEPTIONS FOR
FIELD-FABRICATED UNITS, GARAGE DOORS. WE ALSO HAD AN EXCEPTION IN TERMS
OF AN AIR LEAKAGE TEST. THAT EXPIRED SO THAT\'S NO LONGER GERMANE.
CONTINUING WITH THE MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS, WE HAVE ADDED REQUIREMENTS
FOR LOADING DOCK WEATHER SEALS IN LOCATIONS ABOVE 3600 HEATING
DEGREE-DAYS. THAT\'S SHOWN ON THIS MAP BY ALL OF THE LOCATIONS THAT AREA
BLACK CIRCLE. IF IT\'S BELOW 3600, THEN IT\'S SOME COLOR. THE LOADING
DOCK WEATHER SEALS ARE NOT REQUIRED. THE WEATHER SEALS ARE REQUIRED TO
RESTRICT INFILTRATION WHEN VEHICLES ARE PARKED IN THE DOORWAY. ANOTHER
MANDATORY REQUIREMENT WE HAVE IS VESTIBULES, BUT THEY ARE NOT REQUIRED
IN LOCATIONS BELOW 1800 HEATING DEGREE-DAYS. AGAIN THAT WOULD BE THE
AREAS THAT SHOW UP AS THE COLOR. IF IT\'S A BLACK CIRCLE, VESTIBULES ARE
REQUIRED. THE CRITERIA ARE, ALL EXTERIOR DOORS HAVE A VESTIBULE. WE WANT
TO HAVE SEVEN FEET BETWEEN THE INTERIOR DOOR AND EXTERIOR DOOR TO AVOID
HAVING BOTH DOORS OPEN AT SAME TIME. FINALLY EACH DOOR SHALL HAVE A
SELF-CLOSING DEVICE. IF YOU ARE LESS THAN 1800 HEATING DEGREE-DAYS,
THAT\'S NOT REQUIRED. IF YOUR STORY IS LESS THAN FOUR, IT\'S NOT
REQUIRED. IT\'S ALSO NOT REQUIRED FOR MECHANICAL AND EQUIPMENT DOORS OR
IF YOU HAVE DIRECT ACCESS FROM A DWELLING UNIT. IF YOU HAVE A SMALL
BUILDING LESS THAN 3,000 SQUARE FEET, IT\'S NOT REQUIRED. IT\'S NOT
REQUIRED ON A REVOLVING DOOR OR VEHICULAR MOVEMENT AND HANDLES DOORS AS
WELL. MERYL, THE VESTIBULE CRITERIA, THAT IS ONE OF THE NEW CRITERIA
FROM THE 1989 STANDARD? EXACTLY RIGHT, RON. IN 1989 THE STANDARD STATED
DUE TO STACK EFFECTS IN MULTI-STORY BUILDINGS, YOU SHOULD CONSIDER THEM
BUT THEY WERE NOT REQUIRED. THANKS. IF WE LOOK AT PRESCRIPTIVE CRITERIA,
IT\'S PRESENTED IN TERMS OF U-FACTORS FOR ROOF WALLS AND FLOORS AND
FENESTRATION. THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OF MATERIALS FOR THE BELOW GRADE
EXCLUDED THE OIL AND AIR FILL. WE PRESENT IT IN TERMS OF SEA FACTOR FOR
SLAB. ON GRADE WE USE F-FACTORS. WE ALSO PRESENT IT IN TERMS OF R-VALUES
FOR ROOFS, WALLS, FLOORS, AND SLABS AND OCCASIONALLY THERE\'S
EXCEPTIONS. WE HAVE NO REQUIREMENTS. SO YOU\'LL SEE AN \"NR\" LISTED IN
THE TABLES. FOR SOLAR HEAT GAIN COEFFICIENTS WE HAVE THAT HEAT GAIN
CRITERIA FOR \-- WHEN YOU ARE DOING THE PRESCRIPTIVE CRITERIA, THERE\'S
CERTAIN PROCEDURES THAT ARE ALLOWED, AND WHAT ARE ALLOWED YOU CAN AIR
WEIGHT WITHIN A SINGLE CLASS OF CONSTRUCTION THE U-VALUES THE C-VALUES.
YOU CANNOT AIR WEIGHT R-VALUES. YOU ARE NOT ALLOWED TO AIR WEIGHT ALONG
MULTIPLE CLASSES OF CONSTRUCTION OR ACROSS SPACE CONDITIONING
CATEGORIES. ALL RIGHT. THOSE COMPLETE THE MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS. NEXT I
WOULD LIKE TO LOOK AT THE ACTUAL PRESCRIPTIVE CRITERIA, AND MY FOCUS IS
TO STEP THROUGH THE MAJOR ELEMENTS OF A TABLE THAT SHOWS THE CRITERIA. I
WANT TO SHOW A LAYOUT OF THE CRITERIA BEFORE WE GET INTO THE ACTUAL
STRINGENCY OF THE CRITERIA ITSELF. IT STARTS BY HAVING A BIN NUMBER,
WHICH IDENTIFIES THE TABLE. THIS IS DETERMINED BY THE CLIMATIC DATA,
WHICH IS AVAILABLE IN APPENDIX D OF THE STANDARD. THIS ONE TABLE
PRESENTS THE ENTIRE CRITERIA FOR A GIVEN LOCATION. FOR THAT GIVEN BIN
NUMBER, WE ALSO PRESENT THE CLIMATIC DATA RANGES. THIS IS REFERENCE
INFORMATION. SO IF YOU ARE TRYING TO USE HISTORICAL DATA, YOU CAN MAKE
SURE YOU GET INTO THE RIGHT CRITERIA TABLE. IT IS BROKEN DOWN INTO TWO
MAJOR ELEMENTS. FIRST WE LOOK AT OPAQUE ELEMENTS AND WHAT THE
REQUIREMENTS ARE. AND IN CONJUNCTION WITH THAT WE ALSO LOOK AT THE
FENESTRATION CRITERIA. THOSE TWO ARE THE MAJOR CRITERIA FOR THE
ENVELOPE. THEN WE DIVIDE IT BY THE BUILDING CATEGORIES. THE FIRST COLUMN
SHOWS THE NONRESIDENTIAL. IF YOU ARE BUILDING A NONRESIDENTIAL BUILDING,
THIS IS THE ONLY CRITERIA YOU NEED TO LOOK AT. YOU CAN IGNORE THE OTHER
TWO. NEXT ONE BEING NONRESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS ARE OCCUPANCIES DEFINED AS
OTHER THAN RESIDENTIAL. EXCLUDES SPACES WHOSE PRIMARY FUNCTIONS ARE
INDUSTRIAL PROCESSING. FOR INSTANCE, A BLAST FURNACE AREA. I HAVE LISTED
SOME OF THE TYPICAL CONSTRUCTIONS THAT WOULD BE CONSIDERED
NONRESIDENTIAL. WHEN WE LOOK AT THE RESIDENTIAL CRITERIA, THIS IS SPACE
IN BUILDINGS USED PRIMARILY FOR LIVING AND SLEEPING. EXAMPLES OF THAT
WOULD BE DORMITORY, HOSPITAL PATIENT ROOMS, HEALTH CARE, HOTEL/MOTEL
GUEST ROOMS. MULTI-FAMILY HIGH RISE AS SHOWN IN THE PICTURE.
PENITENTIARY, POLICE STATIONS, FIRE STATIONS. THESE ARE THE DWELLING
UNITS THAT WOULD BE COVERED UNDER THE RESIDENTIAL CRITERIA. THE LAST
COLUMN IS THE SEMI-HEATED CRITERIA. THIS IS PRIMARILY LOOKING AT
WAREHOUSES ARE SEMI-HEATED. DEFINITION OF A SEMI-HEATED SPACE IS AN
ENCLOSED SPACE OF THE BUILDING THAT IS HEATED BY A HEATING SYSTEM WHOSE
OUTPUT CAPACITY IS GREATER OR EQUAL TO 3.4 BTU PER AREA OF FLOOR AREA.
WE ARE ASSUMING THEY ARE HEATED TO 50 DEGREES FOR STORAGE AND NOT
SATISFY HUMAN COMFORT CONDITIONS. ALL RIGHT. SO THAT IS THE GENERAL
LAYOUT OF THE CRITERIA. NEXT I WOULD LIKE TO WORK THROUGH A SPECIFIC
EXAMPLE. I HAVE SELECTED ST.. LOUIS. IT\'S HEARTLAND OF THE COUNTRY. IT
HAS A GOOD BALANCE OF HEATING AND COOLING. I DON\'T THINK IT HURTS THE
FACT THAT IT\'S ALSO THE HOMETOWN OF OUR CURRENT ASHRAE PRESIDENT MR.
BILL COE. IF YOU ARE OUT THERE BILL, THIS IS FOR YOU. GOOD MOVE, MERYL.
GOOD MOVE. JUST FOR CALIBRATING, IF WE LOOK BACK AT THE CRITERIA IN
TERMS OF CLIMACTIC LOCATIONS, THE GREEN ZONE REPRESENTS CLIMATE BIN 13.
THE BLACK IS THE POINT WHERE THE CALCULATIONS WERE DONE, AND THE RED
SYMBOL REPRESENTS THE ACTUAL LOCATION OF ST. LOUIS. SO YOU CAN SEE WE
ARE RIGHT IN THE HEART OF THIS CLIMATIC BIN. THE HEATING DEGREE-DAYS ARE
4,758. COOLING IS 4,283. IT\'S A GOOD COMPLIMENT OF HEATING AND COOLING
REQUIREMENTS. NOW WE ARE GOING TO WORK THROUGH THE DETAILS OF WHAT
CONSTITUTES THE ACTUAL CRITERIA. FIRST I WANT TO START WITH LOOKING AT
THE ROOF. FIRST THING YOU NOTICE IS THAT WE HAVE CRITERIA FOR THREE
DIFFERENT TYPES OF ROOF CONSTRUCTION. INSULATION ENTIRELY ABOVE DECK,
METAL BUILDINGS, ATTIC AND OTHER SPACES. THIS IS A MAJOR DIFFERENCE FROM
THE 1989 STANDARD WHERE WE HAD ONE-ROOF CRITERIA THAT APPLIED TO ALL
BUILDING ROOFS. WHAT YOU CAN SEE HERE IS THAT THE MAXIMUM ASSEMBLY
U-VALUE, FOR INSTANCE, INSULATION ABOVE DECK AND METAL BUILDINGS IS
ROUGHLY THE SAME, BUT FOR ATTICS AND OTHER SPACES IT IS MORE STRINGENT.
IF YOU DON\'T WANT TO USE AN ASSEMBLY U-VALUE TO DEMONSTRATE COMPLIANCE,
GO OVER AND LOOK AT THE MINIMUM INSULATION R-VALUES. ENTIRELY ABOVE DECK
WE HAVE LISTED AN R-VALUE OF 15. BEHIND THAT IS CI. THIS IS STANDING FOR
CONTINUOUS INSULATION. THAT\'S NOT TO BE INTERRUPTED BY ANY STRUCTURAL
OR FRAMING MEMBERS FOR METAL BUILDINGS YOU HAVE AN R-19 REQUIREMENT. IN
OTHER LOCATIONS YOU MAY SEE TWO VALUES LISTED. THE FIRST IS FOR THE
DRAPED INSULATION OVER THE PURLOINS. IT MAY OR MAY NOT REQUIRE ONE-INCH
THERMAL BLOCK THE SECOND, IF LISTED IS PARALLEL TO THE PURLINS. WE HAVE
EXCEPTIONS TO ROOF CRITERIA WHERE YOU CAN ACTUALLY DECREASE THE PROPOSED
U-FACTOR IF YOU PROVIDED THE EXTERIOR ROOF IS YOUR VAST AS A SOLAR
RELUCTANT GRATER THAN .7 AND THERMAL GREATER THAN .75. A COUPLE POINTS I
NEED TO HIGHLIGHT THAT AREN\'T OBVIOUS BY LOOKING AT THE CRITERIA
ITSELF. FIRST THESE THREE ROOF CRITERIA DO NOT ASSUME THEY WILL CONSUME
EQUAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN THE BUILDING. BECAUSE OUR CRITERIA WAS BASED
ON ECONOMICS AND WE ARE USING DIFFERENT INSULATION MATERIALS WE HAVE
DIFFERENT FIRST COSTS SO WE HAVE DIFFERENT LEVELS OF STRINGENCY. IT'S
DRIVEN BY ECONOMICS. FINALLY IF YOU LOOK THROUGH ALL OF THE 26 TABLES,
YOU FIND THE MINIMUM CRITERIA IS R-13. THAT WAS A CONSCIOUS DECISION TO
USE THAT AS A MINIMUM STARTING LEVEL. SO HOW DOES THIS COMPARE TO THE
EXISTING STANDARD? THIS IS A GRAPH THAT SHOWS THE U-FACTOR OF THE
CRITERIA PLOTTED ON A VERTICAL SCALE AND HEATING DEGREES ON THE
HORIZONTAL AXIS. WE SEE A LOT OF SCATTER REPRESENTED BY THE 1989 IN THE
LOWER HEATING DEGREE-DAYS. THIS IS BECAUSE OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE
COOLING PARAMETERS IN THE ROOF EQUATION IN 1989. FOR ONE CLIMATE FROM
THE NEXT WE SEE A WIDE RANGE THAT\'S ALLOWED AND THIS GETS INTO A LOT OF
QUESTIONS ABOUT WHAT\'S COST EFFECTIVE. WHEN WE APPLIED THAT IN THE 1999
STANDARD, WE SEE WE HAVE EXISTING PRODUCTS AND DEFINES DISCRETE LEVELS.
WE ARE NOT LOOKING AT INTERMEDIATE POINTS THAT DON\'T REFLECT ACTUAL
PRODUCT COMBINATIONS. FINALLY YOU SEE FOR ABOVE DECK AND METAL BUILDINGS
THE INSULATION IS FAIRLY CONSISTENT. FOR ATTICS AND OTHERS THERE IS A
MORE STRINGENT CRITERIA. WHEN WE LOOK AT THIS OVER ALL THERE, IS A
FUNDAMENTAL DIFFERENCE IN TERMS OF A SPECIFIC LOCATION. IF YOU TRY TO
INTEGRATE THIS ACROSS THE COUNTRY, IT MIGHT NOT BE THAT MUCH DIFFERENCE.
LOOKING FOR ST. LOUIS THERE ARE 4700 HEATING DEGREE-DAYS. FROM ROOFS WE
LOOK AT THE WALL CRITERIA IT IS DIVIDED IN TWO MAJOR SECTIONS, WALLS
ABOVE GRADE, WALLS BELOW GRADE. FOR WALLS ABOVE GRADE IT IS DIVIDED INTO
THREE. MASS WALLS, METAL BUILDINGS, STEEL FRAMED AND WOOD FRAMED, AND
OTHER CONSTRUCTION. AGAIN THE CRITERIA FOR EACH OF THESE ARE MEETING THE
COST EFFECTIVENESS, NOT THAT EACH OF THESE WILL GIVE YOU THE SAME ENERGY
PERFORMANCE FOR THE BUILDING. FOR THE MASS WALLS THE U-VALUE REQUIREMENT
CAN BE MET AND IN THIS CASE IT WOULD BE A CONCRETE BLOCK WITH UNGROUTED
CORES FILLED WITH A MATERIAL HAVING A CONDUCTIVITY OF LESS THAN 0.44. IF
YOU WANT TO USE INSULATION ON THE SURFACE RATHER THAN FILLING THE
CAVITIES, YOU CAN APPLY AN R-5.7 CONTINUOUS INSULATION. IT WOULD BE
INSTALLED WITH METAL CLIPS NOT WITH WOOD OR STEEL FRAMING THE METAL
BUILDING R-13 YOU SEE IS THE MINIMUM. THAT'S ALSO FOR STEEL AND WOOD
FRAMED WALLS. THE WALLS BELOW GRADE THE CRITERIA IS THERMAL CONDUCTANCE,
C-VALUE. IN THIS CASE THIS IS A BARE WALL WITH NO INSULATION, SO THE
INSULATION R-VALUE IS LISTED AS NO REQUIREMENT. COMPARING THE WALL
CRITERIA TO THE 1989, THE \'89 VALUE IS AGAIN SHOWN AS THE BLUE VALUE.
WE START OUT IN VERY WARM CLIMATES OF HAVING A U-FACTOR OF 1, THEN IT
FOLLOWS THIS CURVE DOWN. AND AGAIN WE ARE LOOKING AT U-FACTORS THAT
DON\'T NECESSARILY RELATE TO EXISTING INSULATION PRODUCTS. WHEN WE LOOK
AT THE 1999 CRITERIA, WE SEE DEFINITIVE STEP CHANGES BECAUSE WE GO FROM
ONE LEVEL PRODUCT TO THE NEXT, FOR MASS CONSTRUCTION. IF WE ARE LOOKING
AT ALL OTHER WALLS THEY ARE PRETTY MUCH CONSISTENT WITH ABOVE 3,000
HEATING AGREE DAYS WITH THE 1999 STANDARD. IF WE LOOK AT ST. LOUIS, WE
ARE AT A POINT RIGHT HERE AND YOU PROBABLY WON\'T SEE A SIGNIFICANT
DIFFERENCE IN CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENT. IF WE LOOK AT BELOW GRADE
COMPARISONS, WE HAVE A MAJOR DIFFERENCE IN THE NEW STANDARD. NO
INSULATION REQUIREMENTS UNTIL YOU HIT ABOUT 9,000 HEATING DEGREE-DAYS,
WHICH IS MOST OF THE CONTINENTAL U.S. THEN IT JUMPS UP TO AN R-8 FOR THE
REST OF THE COUNTRY. CONTRASTING THAT TO THE \'89 STANDARD THERE WAS NO
REQUIREMENT TO 3,000, WHICH IS ABOUT A CLIMATE EQUIVALENT TO ATLANTA OR
SAN FRANCISCO, AND THEN THE R-VALUE INCREASES LINEARLY. IT IS STEPPING
THROUGH R-VALUES THAT DON\'T RELATE TO A SPECIFIC PRODUCT. IF YOU ARE
DEMONSTRATING COMPLIANCE, YOU WOULD PROBABLY HAVE TO USE HIGHER LEVELS
OF INSULATION THAT WERE ACTUALLY REQUIRED IN THE \'89 STANDARD. IF WE
LOOK AT FLOOR CRITERIA, AGAIN WE HAVE TWO TYPES OF FLOORS. THE FIRST
CATEGORY DIVIDES FLOORS INTO MASS, STEEL FRAMING, AND WOOD FRAMING AND
OTHER. YOU'LL NOTICE THAT THE MASS FLOOR CRITERIA IS ABOUT TWICE THE
VALUE OF THE STEEL AND WOOD FRAMED. YOU CAN SEE THAT REFLECTED IN THE
INSULATION REQUIREMENTS IN TERMS OF R-VALUES. WHEN WE GO TO SLAB ON
GRADE, WE HAVE TWO CATEGORIES. WE HAVE HEATED AND UNHEATED SLABS. THE
CRITERIA THERE ARE IN TERMS OF F-FACTORS. FOR AN UNHEATED SLAB IN ST.
LOUIS THERE\'S NO REQUIREMENT. IF IT IS HEATED, WITH IN GROUND PIPES OR
DUCTS, THEN YOU HAVE TO HAVE AN R-VALUE OF 7.5. THAT HAS TO BE
CONTINUOUS FOR 24 INCHES OFF THE EDGE OF THE SLAB. WE HAVE SOME DRAWINGS
THAT REFLECT SOME OF THE TYPE OF CONSTRUCTIONS. IN TERMS OF THE MASS
FLOOR CONSTRUCTION, YOU HAVE AN OPPORTUNITY, YOU COULD INSULATE ABOVE
THE MASS, OR IF YOU WANT TO PUT THE INSULATION BELOW, YOU CAN PUT THAT
UNDERNEATH THE SLAB, AND THAT\'S ASSUMING THE FLOOR IS SUPPORTED WITH
EITHER WOOD OR JOIST CONSTRUCTION OF STEEL. ANOTHER OPTION IS THAT YOU
CAN RAP THE INSIDE OF THE CONCRETE, IF IT\'S A WAFFLE-TYPE CONSTRUCTION,
WITH INSULATION CONTINUOUSLY. THE THIRD CATEGORY IS IF YOU HAVE FLOORS
WITH BEAMS. THE INSULATION ON THE UNDERNEATH SIDE HAS TO BE CONTINUOUS
HORIZONTALLY. VERTICALLY IT HAS TO EXTEND DOWN 24 INCHES. IF WE LOOK AT
STEEL JOIST FLOOR WE HAVE SIMILAR OPTIONS. YOU CAN INSULATE ABOVE THE
DECK. IF YOU GO BELOW THE DECK YOU HAVE TO HAVE INSULATION IN THE CAVITY
OR YOU CAN PUT A RIDGED INSULATION UNDERNEATH THE STEEL AND COMPLETELY
FILL UP THE CAVITY. AGAIN YOU HAVE TO DEMONSTRATE U-VALUE COMPLIANCE
WITH THESE CONSTRUCTIONS. WOOD FRAME FLOORS FOLLOW WHAT WE SEE IN STEEL
FRAMED. YOU CAN INSULATE ABOVE THE SUB FLOOR. FILL IN BETWEEN THE
CAVITIES OR PUT UNDERNEATH AND FILL UP THE ENTIRE CAVITY. COMPARISONS,
AGAIN FOR THE 1989 STANDARD WE HAVE THE BLUE REQUIREMENTS AND WE ARE
SHOWING THIS GRADUAL TREND LOOKING AT U-VALUES THAT DON\'T TIE INTO
SPECIFIC PRODUCTS. WHEN WE LOOK AT ACTUAL PRODUCTS, WE HAVE DISCRETE
LEVELS AND THEY CHANGE DEPENDING ON THE APPLICATION. IF WE LOOK AT ST.
LOUIS, AGAIN 4700, WE HAVE SOME CRITERIA THAT ARE LESS STRINGENT, SOME
MORE STRINGENT. DEPENDING ON THE APPLICATION, YOU MAY HAVE TO MAKE A
CONSTRUCTION CHANGE. THE SLAB ON GRADE CONSTRUCTION HAS REQUIREMENTS
THAT THE INSULATION HAS TO EXTEND FROM THE TOP OF THE SLAB DOWN TO THE
TOP OF THE FOOTER OR IF THAT DEPTH IS GREATER SPECIFIED DOWN TO 24
INCHES, THEN THAT\'S ALL THE FAR YOU WOULD HAVE TO CARRY IT. IF THERE
ARE REQUIREMENTS THAT YOU HAVE TO HAVE MORE, YOU CAN GO DOWN TO THE
BOTTOM OF THE FOOTER AND GO HORIZONTALLY. YOU CAN GO DOWN PARTWAY AND
EXTEND OUT FURTHER THIS WAY. THOSE ARE OPTIONS ON HOW YOU WANT TO
INSTALL THE INSULATION. IF WE LOOK AT THE CRITERIA COMPARED TO THE \'89,
THE BLUE LINES REPRESENT THE \'89 CRITERIA. THEY START AT 3,000 HEATING
DEGREE-DAYS AND YOU SEE THAT WE HAVE DIFFERENT REQUIREMENTS DEPENDING ON
THE DEPTH AND R-VALUE OF THE INSULATION. AGAIN THIS LEADS YOU TO
REQUIREMENTS THAT MAY NOT TIE INTO EXISTING PRODUCTS. THE 1999 STANDARD
HAS NO REQUIREMENTS FOR SLAB THAT ARE UNHEATED UP TO A LITTLE OVER
10,500 HEATING DEGREE DAYS. THEN IT JUMPS TO AN R-10. IF YOU HAVE A
HEATED SLAB IT STARTS AT R-7.5. AROUND 5,000 IT JUMPS TO R-10 AND
CONTINUES. WE HAVE MAJOR DIFFERENCES IN SLAB INSULATION REQUIREMENTS.
THE NEXT ELEMENT IS DEALING WITH OPAQUE DOORS AND THIS IS A NEW
REQUIREMENT. THERE WAS NO SEPARATE REQUIREMENT IN THE \'89 STANDARD FOR
DOORS AT ALL. FOR 1999 WE HAVE BROKEN IT DOWN TO SWINGING DOORS AND
NON-SWINGING DOORS AND HAVE SEPARATE CRITERIA FOR THOSE. THIS IS
SOMETHING NEW IN THE STANDARD. IF WE LOOK AT HOW THAT COMPARES AROUND
THE COUNTRY, WE SEE THAT FOR THE SWINGING DOOR WE ARE LOOKING AT A
U-VALUE OF .7 FOR PRETTY MUCH THE ENTIRE CONTINENTAL U.S. AS WE GET INTO
COLD CLIMATES IT GETS MORE STRINGENT. FOR NON-SWINGING DOORS THERE IS A
BASE LEVEL THAT CHANGES AT ABOUT 7,000 HEATING DEGREE-DAYS. THIS IS A
NEW REQUIREMENT FOR ST. LOUIS. WE ARE LOOKING AT ONE OF THOSE TWO VALUES
AS THE DOOR CRITERIA; SWITCHING FROM THE OPAQUE TO THE FENESTRATION
REQUIREMENTS OF THE STANDARD WE HAVE THE PORTION THAT LISTS VERTICAL
GLAZING AS A FUNCTION OF THE WALL AREA. IT'S BROKEN INTO FOUR
CATEGORIES; ZERO TO 10 PERCENT, 10 TO 20, 20 TO 30, 30 TO 40, AND 40 TO
50%. THE U-FACTOR VARIES DEPENDING ON WHETHER IT\'S FIXED GLAZING OR
OPERABLE. WE HAVE A SEPARATE U-VALUE SPECIFIED FOR SOLAR HEAT WE HAVE
ONE VALUE LISTED FOR ALL ORIENTATIONS. HOWEVER THERE ARE EXCEPTIONS TO
THAT. THIS DEALS WITH THE CRITERIA THAT\'S LISTED AS NORTH. IF YOUR
LATITUDE IS GREATER THAN 10 DEGREES NORTH LATITUDE THEN YOU CAN USE ON
NORTH FACING ORIENTATIONS THE NORTH SOLAR HEAT GAIN CRITERIA. IF YOU
HAVE PERMANENT PROJECTIONS THAT SHADE SOME OTHER ORIENTATION, YOU CAN
ALSO USE THE NORTH ORIENTATION. FINALLY YOU CAN ALSO USE THIS ON STREET
SIDE OF STREET LEVEL, ASSUMING THE HEIGHT OF THE FIRST FLOOR IS LESS
THAN 20 FEET, PROJECTION FACTORS IS LESS THAN .5. SO, THERE ARE SEVERAL
EXCEPTIONS THAT MAKE THIS MORE AMENABLE TO RETAIL SHOPS ON GROUND LEVEL.
I NOTICED IN LOOKING AT THE FENESTRATION TABLES THE UPPER LEVEL FOR THE
CRITERIA IS 50% WINDOW WALL RATIO. MY GUESS IS THERE\'S SOME ARCHITECTS
OUT THERE AND PEOPLE IN THE GLAZING BUSINESS THAT ARE WONDERING IF THEY
WILL BE ABLE TO HAVE BUILDINGS THAT EXCEED 50% WINDOW WALL RATIO UNDER
THE STANDARD. COULD YOU ELABORATE ON THAT? CERTAINLY, RON. EXCELLENT
QUESTION. WHAT WE ARE REVIEWING ARE THE PRESCRIPTIVE CRITERIA THAT
DOESN\'T LIMIT GLAZING TO 50%. IF IT\'S THE CHOICE TO GO GREATER THAN
50%, THEN YOU CAN\'T FOLLOW THE PRESCRIPTIVE PATH. YOU HAVE TO USE THE
ENVELOPE TRADE-OFF PROCEDURE OR THE ENERGY COST BUDGET METHOD. THOSE
ALLOW YOU TO GO TO HIGHER LEVELS OF GLAZING. NOW, WHAT\'S IMPORTANT TO
RECOGNIZE WHEN YOU DO THAT, IS THAT THE BASIS FOR THE HIGHER LEVELS OF
PERFORMANCE IS EQUAL ENERGY. THAT'S THE ONE EXCEPTION TO THE WHOLE
STANDARD WHERE WE HAVE TRIED TO, BASED ON ECONOMICS. AT THIS POINT WE
FELT WE NEEDED TO BASE IT ON ENERGY. WE ARE CAPPING IT AT 50% AS THE
ENERGY CONSUMPTION FOR FENESTRATION. THANKS, THAT\'S AN IMPORTANT
COLLABORATION. IF WE COMPARE THE FENESTRATION U-FACTORS AROUND THE
COUNTRY, AGAIN WE SEE SINGLE GLAZING UP TO ABOUT 3,000 HEATING
DEGREE-DAYS AND NOT TOO DISSIMILAR FROM WHAT WAS IN THE '89 STANDARD.
HERE WE HAVE THE CRITERIA SHOWING FOR 30% WINDOW WALL RATIO, WHICH WAS
THE BASIS FOR THE \'89 STANDARD. I HAVE SHOWN THE U-VALUES THERE. AT ST.
LOUIS WE ARE ESSENTIALLY LOOKING AT ALMOST IDENTICALLY THE SAME
CRITERIA. IF IT\'S OPERABLE, IT\'S A LITTLE MORE STRINGENT IF IT\'S
FIXED GLAZING. IN TERMS OF SOLAR HEAT GAIN COEFFICIENT REQUIREMENTS; IN
\'89 STANDARD WE SEE A TREMENDOUS SCATTER ASSOCIATED WITH ALL OF THE
BLUE LOCATIONS. WHAT'S SHOWN HERE ARE THE 234 LOCATIONS FROM THE \'89
STANDARD WHERE WE HAVE ALL THE WEATHER DATA TO BE ABLE TO CALCULATE THE
CRITERIA. IN THE 1999 VERSION WE HAVE DISCRETE LEVELS OF SOLAR HEAT
GAIN. AS YOU MIGHT IMAGINE, IT STARTS OUT AND CHANGES AS YOU GET INTO
PREDOMINANTLY MORE COOLING AND THEN JUMPS BACK UP. IT'S HARD TO SEE HOW
THIS CRITERIA REFLECTS WHEN YOU ARE ONLY USING ONE OF THE TWO METRICS
FOR THE CRITERIA. HERE IT IS JUST HEATING DEGREE-DAYS, BUT IT IS SOLAR
HEAT GAIN VALUES THAT ARE RARELY AVAILABLE ON COMMON PRODUCTS. FINISHING
UP WITH THE FENESTRATION, WE HAVE SEPARATE CRITERIA FOR SKYLIGHTS, AND
THAT\'S BROKEN DOWN INTO THREE CATEGORIES DEPENDING ON WHETHER IT HAS A
CURVE OR NOT. THE TYPE OF FENESTRATION MATERIAL, WHETHER IT\'S GLASS OR
PLASTIC AND THEN IT\'S FURTHER SUBDIVIDED AS A PERCENT OF THE ROOF AREA
BETWEEN ZERO AND 2% IS ONE SET OF CRITERIA. 2 TO 5% IS THE SECOND LEVEL
OF CRITERIA. THE U-FACTORS IN THIS CASE FOR ST. LOUIS, THEY ARE THE
SAME, BUT AS YOU INCREASE THE AREA, THE SOLAR HEAT GAIN COEFFICIENT
DECREASES. WE COMPARE THAT TO THE 1999 STANDARD, WE ARE LOOKING AT
ESSENTIALLY A REDUCTION IN STRINGENCY ON U-FACTORS BECAUSE THE \'99
STANDARDS ARE HIGHER THAN WHAT WAS REQUIRED IN \'89. IF WE ARE LOOKING
AT ST. LOUIS, WE ARE LOOKING AT ONE PARTICULAR TYPE WOULD BE THE SAME
CRITERIA. LOOKING AT GLASS AND PLASTIC THERE ARE LESS STRINGENT
REQUIREMENTS FOR THE U-FACTOR. THE SOLAR HEAT GAIN COEFFICIENT, AGAIN
HAS A LOT OF COMBINATIONS DEPENDING ON THE TYPE OF GLASS OR PLASTIC
THAT\'S USED AND FOR ST. LOUIS, WE ARE SEEING NO COMPARISONS TO THE \'89
STANDARD SHOW UP HERE BUT THIS IS THE NEW CRITERIA THAT WOULD HAVE TO BE
MET. ALL RIGHT, THAT\'S A LOT OF DETAIL ON THE SPECIFIC ELEMENTS OF THE
ENVELOPE CRITERIA. NEXT THING YOU NEED TO DO IS BE ABLE TO DEMONSTRATE
COMPLIANCE AND WE\'VE MARCHED THROUGH THE MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS, THE
PRESCRIPTIVE. YOU CAN USE R-VALUES OR FOR INDIVIDUAL COMPONENTS LOOK AT
U-FACTORS, CONTRIBUTION FACTORS, F-FACTORS. IF THOSE PRESCRIPTIVE
COMPLIANCE PADS AREN\'T USED, GO TO THE ENVELOPE TRADE-OFF PROCEDURE
THAT IS AVAILABLE WITH PURCHASE A COPY OF THE USER\'S MANUAL, OR YOU CAN
DO A WHOLE BUILDING TRADE-OFF CALCULATION USING SECTION 11 OF THE ENERGY
COST BUDGETS IN THE STANDARD. AS I START TO WIND DOWN, I WOULD LIKE TO
STEP THROUGH THE APPENDICES THAT ARE INCLUDED IN THE STANDARD. THESE ARE
NORMAL APPENDICES, WHICH MEANS THEY ARE PART OF THE STANDARD. FIRST WE
HAVE APPENDIX A WHICH LIST VARIOUS ASSEMBLIES FOR ROOFS, WALLS, FLOORS,
FENESTRATION IN TERMS OF U-FACTORS, C-FACTORS FOR FOUNDATIONS, SLABS
F-FACTORS. THESE TABLES PROVIDE LEVELS OF ACCEPTABLE CONSTRUCTION. THEY
ALSO LIST PROCEDURES ON HOW TO PERFORM ACCEPTABLE CALCULATIONS FOR THOSE
CONSTRUCTIONS THAT ARE NOT SPECIFICALLY LISTED IN THE APPENDIX. YOU CAN
GO THROUGH AND USE THESE PROCEDURES TO ESSENTIALLY ANALYZE ANY
CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT YOU WANT TO PUT INTO THE DESIGN OF THE BUILDING.
APPENDIX B CONTAINS THE 26 CRITERIA TABLES. NOBODY WILL NEED ALL OF
THESE. YOU WILL HAVE TO GO THROUGH AND DEFINE FOR THE SPECIFIC
CONSTRUCTION SITE THE ONE TABLE THAT\'S APPLICABLE USE THAT THE REST OF
THEM ARE THERE FOR REFERENCE BUT YOU WILL PROBABLY ONLY BE USING ONE PER
CONSTRUCTION SITE. APPENDIX C CONTAINS THE ENVELOPE TRADE-OFF PROCEDURE
EQUATIONS AND RULES. IT DEFINES THE MODELING OF THE PROPOSED BUILDING
AND THE BASE BUILDING THAT YOU MUST USE. IT PRESENTS THE EQUATIONS TO
USE IN THE TRADE-OFF. THESE EQUATIONS ARE BUILT INTO THE PROGRAM. IT
ACCOUNTS FOR INTERACTIONS OF ROOF CEILINGS, WALLS, FENESTRATION,
FOUNDATIONS AS WELL AS HVAC EQUIPMENT, LIGHTING AND INTERNAL GAINS.
ALTHOUGH THEY ARE NOT TRADE-OFF VARIABLES. WHAT I AM TRYING TO DEPICT IS
ALL THE INTERACTIONS VERY COMPLEX. WHEN YOU USE THE ENVSC PROGRAM, YOU
HAVE TO RECOGNIZE THE PROPOSED BUILDING YOU WANT TO BUILD HAS TO EQUAL
THE BASE BUILDING. IT HAS TO HAVE THE SAME FLOOR AREA, SAME SLAB
PERIMETER, SAME GROSS WALL AREA, SAME OPAQUE DOOR AREA, GROSS FLOOR
AREA, SPACE-CONDITIONING CATEGORIES HAVE TO BE THE SAME. THE EXCEPTION
TO THIS IS THAT FENESTRATIONS HAVE TO BE THE SAME UNLESS YOU\'RE GREATER
THAN 40% WINDOW WALL RATIO THAT IS CAPPED AT 40% IN THE PROGRAM AND
SKYLIGHTS ARE CAPPED AT 5%. SO, THOSE ARE A COUPLE OF THINGS YOU NEED TO
BE AWARE OF. SO THE TWO BUILDINGS HAVE TO LOOK THE SAME. YOU CAN\'T
FIGURE YOU WILL DESIGN ONE AND BUILD SOMETHING THAT LOOKS A LITTLE BIT
DIFFERENT. SIMILARLY, IF YOU ARE USING THE ENERGY COST BUDGET METHOD IN
SECTION 11, THAT DEFINES A RULE FOR MODELING THE REPOSED BUILDING, AS
WELL AS THE BASE BUILDING. YOU CAN\'T MODEL A THREE-STORY OFFICE
BUILDING AND THEN BUILD A SEVEN-STORY BASKET BUILDING SHOWN ON THE
RIGHT. THIS ALLOWS YOU TO HAVE ALL TRADE-OFFS BETWEEN THE ENVELOPE,
MECHANICAL AND LIGHTING STANDARDS. THIS IS COMPLETE FLEXIBILITY. WE HAVE
TALKED A LOT ABOUT CLIMATIC DATA. IN APPENDIX D WE PRESENT TABLES FOR
THE UNITED STATES. WE HAVE LISTED 650 SITES AND IF YOU CAN\'T USE ONE OF
THOSE, AS I MENTIONED EARLIER, SELECT ONE CLOSE TO THAT OR USE
HISTORICAL DATA IF IT\'S AVAILABLE. THERE IS ALSO DATA FOR CANADA, 86
SITES. INTERNATIONALLY WE HAVE 140 SITES SPREAD ACROSS 64 COUNTRIES.
THIS GIVES US THE ABILITY TO CALL IT AN INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BECAUSE
WE HAVE WEATHER DATA COVERING ALL THOSE CLIMATIC LOCATIONS. IN CLOSING
ON THE LAST COUPLE TOPICS, FIRST IS THERE ARE ERRATA THAT HAVE BEEN
PUBLISHED. THESE ARE PRIMARILY EDITORIAL CORRECTIONS. THEY ARE AVAILABLE
ON THE ASHRAE WEBSITE. IF YOU BUY A COPY OF THE STANDARD, THEY ARE
INCLUDED WITH THE PURCHASE OF THE STANDARD. WE ARE ALSO UNDER CONTINUOUS
MAINTENANCE AND THAT MEANS WE ARE CONSTANTLY CHANGING THE STANDARD. WE
HAVE PUBLISHED MANY ADDENDA. CURRENTLY THERE ARE 12 THAT ARE APPROVED.
THEY ARE INCORPORATED IN EACH REPRINT OF THE STANDARD. THEY ARE ALSO
AVAILABLE ON THE ASHRAE WEBSITE LISTED SOME OF THE KEY ADDENDA THAT
EFFECT THE ENVELOPE, AND I AM NOT GOING TO GO THROUGH THE INDIVIDUAL
DETAILS BECAUSE WE ARE GETTING CLOSE TO RUNNING OUT OF MY ALLOTTED TIME.
SO WITH THAT, WE WILL ENTERTAIN ANY QUESTIONS FROM THE AUDIENCE OR ANY
PLACE ACROSS THE COUNTRY. OKAY, YOU SHOULD HAVE SEEN ON THE SCREEN, OR
SHOULD SEE ON THE SCREEN NOW THE PHONE NUMBERS TO CALL IN AND FAX IN. WE
WELCOME OUR NATIONAL AUDIENCE TO PARTICIPATE IN THE SORT OF LIVE
QUESTION AND ANSWER HERE AND ALSO WOULD ENCOURAGE THE STUDIO AUDIENCE,
IF THEY HAVE A QUESTION, TO CHIME IN WHERE APPROPRIATE. I HAVE TO ASK
ONE, MERYL, YOU HAD THE BASKET BUILDING WITH CURRENT COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY
IT\'S CLEARLY EASY TO CUT AND PASTE PICTURES TOGETHER HERE. HAVE YOU
DONE THAT WITH THAT PARTICULAR EXAMPLE JUST TO MAKE THE POINT? NO, RON
THAT THAT\'S A REAL BUILDING IN NEWARK, OHIO WHERE \-- CLOSE TO WHERE I
LIVE. IT'S A CORPORATE OFFICE BUILDING FOR A COMPANY THAT MANUFACTURERS
HOME WEAVED BASKETS. SO IT\'S REAL. OKAY, WE CAN GET BUILDINGS OF ALL
TYPES HERE. AGAIN, THE NUMBER IS ON YOUR SCREEN. HOPEFULLY, AMERICA, YOU
RE OUT THERE AND SOMEBODY IS DIALING IN ON THE PHONE SENDING US A FAX. I
SEE WE HAVE SOMEBODY FROM OUR STUDIO AUDIENCE THAT WOULD LIKE TO ASK A
QUESTION. GOOD DAY, MY NAME IS RANDY BARITHER, MY QUESTION IS: WHY ARE
THERE ONLY 26 OF THE CLIMATE ZONE BINS? DO WE NEED TO REPEAT THE
QUESTION? NO, I THINK YOU CAN HEAR THAT OUT THERE. ALL RIGHT, GOOD
QUESTION. WHEN WE FIRST DID OUR DETERMINATION OF CLIMATIC DATA, WE
STARTED WITH 73 CLIMATE BINS AND SENT THAT OUT FOR CONSIDERATION AND
FOUND THAT IT WAS \-- A LOT OF THE BINS HAD VERY SIMILAR CRITERIA. SO TO
SIMPLIFY THE STANDARD AND REDUCE THE BULK SIZE, WE REDUCED IT FROM 73 TO
26 CLIMATE BINS. OKAY, I UNDERSTAND WE HAVE A CALL. CAN YOU GO AHEAD,
CALLER? YEAH, HI, THE RESIDENTIAL AND NONRESIDENTIAL CRITERIA. IN THE
RESIDENTIAL CRITERIA YOU HAVE LISTED THE HOSPITALS, PENITENTIARY AND A
COUPLE OF OTHER THINGS THAT I WOULD CONSIDER AS NONRESIDENTIAL. OKAY,
FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE STUDIO AUDIENCE AND OTHERS WHO MAY NOT HAVE HEARD
THAT, THE QUESTION WAS REGARDING THE RESIDENTIAL AND NONRESIDENTIAL
CRITERIA. THE CALLER INDICATED THAT SOME OF THE SPACES THAT WERE SHOWN
AS EXAMPLES OF RESIDENTIAL HOSPITALS AND PRISONS THIS CALLER WOULD
CONSIDER A NONRESIDENTIAL AS OPPOSED TO A RESIDENTIAL. CAN YOU ELABORATE
ON THAT? YES, THAT\'S A GOOD POINT. WHEN YOU SELECT THE CRITERIA, IT IS
DONE BY SPACE CONDITIONING CATEGORIES AND IT DOESN\'T HAVE TO APPLY FOR
THE ENTIRE BUILDING. SO IN A HOSPITAL YOU WOULD HAVE THE PATIENT ROOMS
WOULD BE UNDER THE RESIDENTIAL CATEGORY, AND OTHER SPACES, OPERATING
ROOMS WOULD BE UNDER THE NONRESIDENTIAL. SO A BUILDING DOESN\'T RECEIVE
JUST ONE SET OF CLASSIFICATION. IT CAN VARY DEPENDING ON THE SPACE
CONDITIONING USE WITHIN THE BUILDING. OKAY, THANKS. WE HAVE SOME COMING
IN HERE ON THE FAX. SO THIS ONE IS COMING FROM CHATTANOOGA, TENNESSEE.
HELLO, WHAT IS THE R-VALUE FOR 8-INCH AAC BLOCK? NOW, I WAS AFRAID WE
WOULD GET A QUESTION LIKE THIS. WELL, I HAVE TO ACTUALLY REFER TO THE
STANDARD. I THINK THERE ARE VALUES IN THE APPENDIX THAT LIST THOSE. IF
IT\'S NOT LISTED, THERE\'S A METHOD THAT CAN BE USED TO CALCULATE THAT,
I DON\'T CARRY THAT AROUND IN MY HIP POCKET. WHICH APPENDIX? APPENDIX A?
NO, APPENDIX B. SORRY, CALLERS, WE TRIED TO MEMORIZE ALL THE STANDARDS,
BUT WE COULDN\'T DO THAT. THERE ARE QUITE A FEW NUMBERS IN THERE, AND
ITS DIFFICULT TO HAVE THAT IN THE HEAD. IF YOU GET THAT NEW STANDARD
THAT ASHRAE WOULD LIKE TO SHIP TO YOU, YOU WOULD BE ABLE TO LOOK THE
NUMBER UP YOURSELF. WHY ARE THERE SUCH DRASTIC DIFFERENCES IN SLAB ON
GRADE INSULATION REQUIREMENTS BETWEEN THE \'89 AND \'99 EDITIONS? THE
PRIMARY REASON FOR THE DIFFERENCES ARE IN TERMS OF THE ECONOMICS. IN
TERMS OF OUR ANALYSIS, WE LOOKED AT NOT ONLY THE COST OF THE INSULATION,
BUT WHEN YOU EXPOSE THAT INSULATION TO THE OUTSIDE, YOU ALSO HAVE TO
HAVE A PROTECTIVE COVERING AND THE ENERGY SAVINGS HAS TO ACCOUNT FOR NOT
ONLY THE COST OF THE INSULATION, BUT ALSO FOR THAT PROTECTIVE COVERING
THAT WAS VERY EXPENSIVE, AND THAT DIDN\'T KICK IN UNTIL YOU GOT TO MUCH
HIGHER HEATING DAY. I THINK WE HAVE A CALLER. HELLO, THIS IS BILL HODGE
IN ARKANSAS. HOW ARE YOU DOING, BILL? GREAT, GUYS WOULD YOU PLEASE
CLARIFY THE EXAMPLE OF THE DIFFERENT U-VALUES WHEN YOU TALKED BOUT IT\'S
NOT EQUIVALENT FOR ENERGY CONSUMPTION, BUT IT IS EQUIVALENT FOR COST
EFFECTIVENESS. WOULD YOU PLEASE ELABORATE ON THAT? I'LL HANG UP FOR THE
ANSWER. THE QUESTION IS, COULD WE CLARIFY THE DIFFERENT U-VALUES YOU HAD
FOR THE DIFFERENT ASSEMBLIES WHERE YOU SHOWED EXAMPLES. YOU TALKED WITH
EQUAL ENERGY AND COST EFFECTIVENESS. COULD YOU CLARIFY THAT? CERTAINLY,
RON. THAT'S A VERY KEY POINT IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE STANDARD. I WILL
GO BACK TO THE EXAMPLE I CITED EARLIER. IF YOU ARE LOOKING AT ROOF
INSULATION YOU CAN USE RIDGED INSULATION ABOVE DECK. IT IS AT A CERTAIN
PRICE. OR YOU CAN USE LIGHT DENSITY INSULATION UNDERNEATH THE DECK, AND
THAT IS A DIFFERENT COST. WHAT WE LOOKED AT IN TERMS OF ECONOMIC
ANALYSIS IS WHAT LEVEL OF R-VALUE MEETS OUR COST EFFECTIVENESS CRITERIA.
IF YOU ARE USING AN EXPENSIVE MATERIAL, YOU CAN ONLY COST JUSTIFY
CERTAIN LEVEL OF R-VALUE. IF IT\'S LESS EXPENSIVE MATERIAL, YOU CAN COST
JUSTIFY MORE. SO DEPENDING ON THE CONSTRUCTIONS, AND THE MATERIALS, AND
THEIR FIRST COSTS, YOU END UP WITH DIFFERENT U-FACTOR REQUIREMENTS.
OKAY, LET ME GO TO ONE OF OUR FAX QUESTIONS IF I MIGHT. THIS IS FROM
JOHN IN CLEVELAND, OHIO, NEAR YOUR HOME. THE UNHEATED SLABS, SLAB ON
GRADE CONSTRUCTION INSULATION IS NO LONGER REQUIRED? THE QUESTION, I
GUESS, THERE\'S NO LONGER REQUIRED FOR UNHEATED SLABS AND SLAB ON GRADE
CONSTRUCTION? THAT IS CORRECT. FOR CLEVELAND, THAT WOULD BE LESS THAN
9,000 HEATING DEGREE-DAYS. IF MEMORY SERVES ME CORRECT THAT WAS THE
BREAK POINT. OKAY, ANOTHER QUESTION FROM CHATTANOOGA, TENNESSEE. HOW DO
YOU PURCHASE ENVSC 4.0? ARE THERE ANY OTHER SOFTWARE PACKAGES AVAILABLE?
YOU PURCHASE ENVSC AS PART OF THE USER\'S MANUAL. IF YOU ORDER THE
USER\'S MANUAL FROM ASHRAE, YOU WILL GET A COPY ON CD OF THE SOFTWARE
PROGRAM. AS FAR AS I KNOW NOBODY ELSE HAS GONE THROUGH AND TAKEN THE
EQUATIONS IN APPENDIX C AND IMPLEMENTED THEM IN A SOFTWARE PACKAGE. I
ALSO BELIEVE IT MAY BE AVAILABLE FOR DOWNLOAD FROM THE DEVELOPER\'S
SITE. THAT MAY BE ANOTHER PATH TO GET IT IF YOU DIDN\'T GET IT AS PART
OF THE USER\'S MANUAL. WE HAVE ANOTHER CALL-IN QUESTION. YES, I'M FROM
AUSTIN, TEXAS. I HAVE A QUESTION. WHEN YOU HAVE BROUGHT DOWN THE USE TO
26 LEVELS, WILL THAT COLOR THE HEART REGION OF TEXAS WHERE WE HAVE VERY
LITTLE WHAT WE CALL HEATING DAYS AND LOTS MORE COOLING DAYS? OKAY, THANK
YOU FOR THE QUESTION. THE QUESTION IS: WE\'VE BINNED DOWN THE CLIMATE TO
26 BINS. THIS IS A CALLER FROM AUSTIN, TEXAS WHO IS CONCERNED ABOUT
TREATMENT OF THE STANDARD IN THE HOT CLIMATES THAT ARE CHARACTERISTIC OF
TEXAS. IF YOU BIN THEM DOWN TO 26 BINS, WILL THAT ADEQUATELY COVER SOME
OF THE HOTTER REGIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, SUCH AS TEXAS? THAT WAS OUR
OBJECTIVE. WE LOOKED AT COOLING AS ONE OF THE MAJOR THINGS WE WANTED TO
INCORPORATE INTO THE STANDARD. IT WAS OUR INTENT TO DO EXACTLY THAT. THE
CRITERIA IS SENSITIVE AS A FUNCTION TO BOTH HEATING AND COOLING. WE SEE
THAT WE HAVE INCLUDED THAT WHETHER IT\'S ADEQUATE OR SUFFICIENT, THAT
DETERMINATION IS MADE BY THE COMMITTEE AND WENT THROUGH THE PUBLIC
REVIEW PROCESS BUT ALWAYS SUBJECT TO THE INDIVIDUAL INTERPRETATION. HAVE
A COUPLE MORE FAX QUESTIONS HERE. THIS IS FROM ALAN IN NORTH JERSEY. HOW
DOES THE CURVE AFFECT A SKYLIGHT? WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT U-VALUES
REQUIRED? THE CURVE IS PART OF THE OVERALL U-VALUE CALCULATION. THAT'S,
I BELIEVE THERE\'S A SEPARATE NFRC STANDARD THAT SPELLS OUT THE DETAILS.
YOU ARE LOOKING AT THE OVERALL PERFORMANCE OF THE GLAZED AND OPAQUE
PORTION OF THE SKYLIGHT TO DETERMINE THE OVERALL U-VALUE FOR INDIVIDUAL
SKYLIGHTS. HERE COMES A TOUGH ONE. THIS IS FROM NEW JERSEY. DON'T HAVE
THE SUBMITTER, BUT THE QUESTION IS: AM I TO UNDERSTAND THAT A
MULTI-STORY OFFICE BUILDING REQUIRES FLOOR SLAB INSULATION? IF SO,
WHAT\'S THE RATIONALE? SLAB INSULATION IS ONLY REQUIRED AT THE GROUND
LEVEL. IF YOU ARE LOOKING AT A MULTI-STORY FLOOR, THERE\'S NO
REQUIREMENT FOR SLAB INSULATION AT THE INTERMEDIATE FLOORS. IT'S ONLY IN
CONTACT WITH THE GROUND WHERE YOU WOULD HAVE THE REQUIREMENT. OKAY,
ANOTHER FAX QUESTION HERE. LET'S SEE. WHAT SOFTWARE OR PROCEDURES CAN BE
USED FOR ENERGY COST BUDGETS? UM \-- THE SECTION ALLOWS COMMERCIAL CODES
TO BE USED. IT DOESN\'T REQUIRE A SPECIFIC ONE. IT LISTS THE
CHARACTERISTICS THAT MUST BE MET. FOR INSTANCE, AN 8760 CALCULATION, BUT
IT DOESN\'T DEFINE A SPECIFIC PROPRIETARY OR COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE
PROGRAM THAT MUST BE USED. IT'S UP TO THE INDIVIDUAL USER TO MAKE THE
SELECTION. THERE ARE A NUMBER OF PRODUCTS ON THE MARKET THAT ARE
AVAILABLE. ABSOLUTELY. YES. YES. WE HAVE A CALLER ON THE LINE, I
BELIEVE. GO AHEAD CALLER. AM I ON? AM I HERE? GO AHEAD. YES CALLING FROM
ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI THE HOME OF THE CURRENT PRESIDENT, BILL COE, AND
ALSO THE 6-1 ST. LOUIS RAMS. THE QUESTION IS: IS THERE ANY COORDINATION
AT THIS POINT IN TIME BETWEEN THE ASHRAE 62 AND THE ASHRAE 90 STANDARD?
MAYBE YOU WANT TO DEAL WITH THIS LATER IN THE PROGRAM. MY QUESTION IS
REALLY TO DEAL WITH V.A.B. AND REHEATING SYSTEM. IS THAT SOMETHING YOU
TALKED ABOUT ENERGY CALCULATIONS? IS THERE A CORRELATION THAT WOULD WORK
INTO THE CURRENT 90 STANDARD THAT GIVES 62 LEEWAYS TO COMPLY WITH THAT?
I THINK, CALLER, THE QUESTION WAS, FOR THE STUDIO AUDIENCE WHO ARE
UNABLE TO HEAR THIS, THE QUESTION IS: IS THERE ANY COORDINATION BETWEEN
STANDARD 62 AND STANDARD 90.1. I THINK THAT QUESTION MAY BE MORE
APPROPRIATE IN THE MECHANICAL SECTION AND MICK'S ACROSS THE ROOM LOOKING
AT ME KIND OF FUNNY. I THINK I WILL LET YOU OFF THE HOOK ON THAT ONE,
MERYL. I THINK THAT\'S FOR MICK WHEN IT COMES UP. THANK YOU. I HAVE
ANOTHER FAX IN HERE. APPROXIMATELY ONE TO TWO MINUTES. THIS IS COMING
FROM SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH. THANKS FOR CAUSING US TO BE EFFICIENT. COULD
YOU PINPOINT THE MAJOR DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE \'89 AND \'99 VERSIONS OF
THE STANDARD 90 BUILDING ENVELOPE? WELL, AS I TRIED TO PRESENT IN THE
BEGINNING OF THE PRESENTATION, OVER ALL, IF YOU LOOK AT A NATIONAL
LEVEL, THE STRINGENCY FOR THE BUILDINGS THAT WE LOOKED AT, THE OFFICE
AND RETAIL AND 11 DIFFERENT CLIMATE ZONES, THE STRINGENCY WAS 2 OR 3%
MORE STRINGENT IN 1989. IF YOU LOOK AT INDIVIDUAL CITIES, WE PRESENTED A
GRAPH THAT SHOWED THE DETAIL BY HEATING DEGREE-DAYS THERE CAN BE RATHER
SUBSTANTIAL DIFFERENCES NOT ONLY DUE TO CLIMATE LOCATIONS BUT DUE TO
DIFFERENCES IN CONSTRUCTION FEATURES. SO OVER ALL, IT\'S A LITTLE MORE
STRINGENT. INDIVIDUALLY IT COULD BE QUITE A BIT DIFFERENT. THANKS. WE
HAD ANOTHER FAX QUESTION FROM A DIFFERENT LOCATION THAT SEEMED TO BE A
SIMILAR. DENNIS OUT IN, WHEREVER THE HECK THIS FAX CAME FROM BELTSVILLE,
MARYLAND. HERE'S ONE ON FENESTRATION. THE QUESTION IS FROM GRAND RAPIDS,
MICHIGAN. WHEN ARE YOU REQUIRED TO USE APPENDIX VALUES FOR THE CRITERIA
VERSUS MANUFACTURED SUPPLIED DATA? WHAT IF THE MANUFACTURED DATA IS NOT
NFRC RATED? THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE STANDARD FOR UNITS THAT ARE
COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE AND COULD BE BOUGHT BY CONSUMERS THAT YOU NEED TO
HAVE THE NFRC RATING. HOWEVER THERE\'S A SERIES OF EXCEPTIONS AND THOSE
APPLY TO THE VALUES THAT ARE LISTED AS DEFAULTS IN APPENDIX A FOR
CONSTRUCTION THAT ARE NOT LISTED BY NFRC RATINGS. WITH THAT YOU HAVE TO
USE THE DEFAULT VALUES AND THEY WOULD BE A LITTLE MORE STRINGENT THAN
WHAT YOU WOULD HAVE IF YOU ACTUALLY HAD THE UNIT SPECIFICALLY RATED,
THOUGH, SO THERE\'S AN INCENTIVE TO USE RATED PERFORMANCE RATHER THAN
THE DEFAULT TABLES THEMSELVES. OKAY, WE HAVE ANOTHER CALLER ON THE LINE.
GO AHEAD, CALLER. HELLO. HELLO. DAVE, IN SALT LAKE CITY I HAVE A
QUESTION FOR YOU. HI, DAVE. WHEN WILL THE NEW STANDARD BE IMPLEMENTED?
IS THERE A SCHEDULE FOR THIS? WE GOT IN A LITTLE LATE. I JUST WANTED TO
ASK THAT QUESTION AND ALSO, TO BE ABLE TO RUN THE EVALUATION THAT IS
PROVIDED THROUGH THE COM-CHECK SOFTWARE TO BE ABLE TO PROVIDE THE
REPORTS AND EVALUATION TO INSPECTORS. IS THERE A CRITERIA TO BE ABLE TO
PROVIDE THAT REPORT AS AN INDIVIDUAL? DO WE NEED TO BE CERTIFIED
SOMEHOW? HOW DO WE GET EXTRA TRAINING AND STUFF? OKAY, DAVE'S QUESTION,
FOR THE STUDIO AUDIENCE, WAS TWO-FOLD. ONE WAS, WHEN WILL THE NEW
STANDARD BE IMPLEMENTED? THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE STANDARD IS REALLY UP
TO HE STATE AND LOCAL JURISDICTIONS. WE SHOWED A MAP AT THE BEGINNING OF
THE BROADCAST THAT INDICATED THE STATUS OF THE VARIOUS STATES AND WHERE
THEY WERE IN TERMS OF ADOPTING THIS AND SO THAT\'S REALLY A STATE AND
LOCAL ISSUE. THE SECOND QUESTION ABOUT COM-CHECK SOFTWARE AND REPORTS
FOR INSPECTORS AND GETTING TRAINING ON THAT. IF YOU GO TO THE DUE
WEBSITE THERE\'S INFORMATION ON COM-CHECK. THERE'S ALSO INFORMATION ON
THE TRAINING OPPORTUNITIES THAT ARE OFFERED. SO HOPEFULLY THAT WILL BE
ABLE TO ANSWER THE SPECIFIC QUESTIONS AND THAT WEBSITE LOCATION, I
BELIEVE SHOULD BE APPEARING ON THE SCREEN RIGHT NOW. IT'S A LITTLE BIT
LONG FOR ME TO SAY. HOPEFULLY YOU HAVE A PENCIL AND ARE COPYING FAST. I
SEE WE ARE RUNNING OUT OF TIME HERE. SO I APOLOGIZE. THERE ARE A COUPLE
OF QUESTIONS WE DIDN\'T GET TO, BUT WE WERE HAPPY YOU SENT THE THINGS
IN. I WOULD LIKE TO MAKE A FEW COMMENTS. YOU PROBABLY ALL WANT TO KNOW
WHERE YOU CAN GET THE STANDARD. IF YOU DIDN\'T JOIN US AT THE BEGINNING,
AND APPEARING ON YOUR SCREEN NOW, HOPEFULLY, IS THE GRAPHIC WITH THE
INFORMATION FROM THE ASHRAE BOOKSTORE ON HOW YOU CAN GET THE STANDARD,
EITHER THROUGH THE WEBSITE OR THROUGH CALL IN. I WOULD LIKE TO THANK ALL
OF YOU FOR JOINING US FOR THIS FIRST SEGMENT. BOTH OUR NATIONAL
AUDIENCE, AS WELL AS THE FOLKS FROM THE INLAND EMPIRE CHAPTER HERE IN
OUR STUDIO AUDIENCE, THANKS, AGAIN. WE HOPE YOU WILL BE BACK FOR THE
SUBSEQUENT SEGMENTS. IF YOU WANT MORE, AFTER THIS IS OVER, IF WE
HAVEN\'T GIVEN YOU ENOUGH IN THE APPROXIMATE FOUR HOURS OR SO THAT WE
WILL BE WITH YOU AND WANT MORE, BE AWARE THAT ASHRAE HAS PROFESSIONAL
DEVELOPMENT SEMINARS. THESE WILL BE TWO-DAY SEMINARS THAT GO INTO
CONSIDERABLE MORE DETAIL ON THE STANDARD. THE FIRST OF THOSE WILL OCCUR
JANUARY 11TH AND 12TH IN ATLANTIC CITY IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE ASHRAE
MEETING. THERE ARE TWO TENTATIVE SUBSEQUENT DATES MAY 15TH AND 16TH IN
ST. LOUIS, BOY, WHEN YOU HAVE A PRESIDENT IN ST. LOUIS, EVERYBODY POINTS
THAT DIRECTION, DON\'T THEY, AND NOVEMBER 20TH AND 21ST IN BALTIMORE,
MARYLAND. CHECK THE ASHRAE WEBSITE FOR THOSE THINGS TO BE CONFIRMED. I
WOULD LIKE TO ADD, PLEASE COMPLETE THE SIGN-IN SHEETS AND EVALUATION
FORMS THAT YOU HAVE AVAILABLE AND SUBMIT THEM BACK TO US. THIS IS
IMPORTANT FOR OUR SPONSORS, AND IMPORTANT FOR OUR QUALITY IMPROVEMENT
PROCESS. IT'S ACTUALLY HOW WE KNOW YOU ARE REALLY OUT THERE. PLEASE DO
THAT NOW. WE WILL BE BACK AT 1:30 P.M. EASTERN TIME FOR THE NEXT
SEGMENT, THE MECHANICAL PRESENTATION. SO UNTIL 1:30 GOOD-BYE, HANG BY
YOUR TELEVISION AND FILL OUT THE EVALUATION FORMS. THANKS FOR WATCHING.