## ![](media/image1.wmf){width="6.125694444444444in" height="4.179166666666666in"} 

## FGDC Geospatial Grant Guidance to Federal Agencies

# [Background and Purpose]{.underline}

**The purpose of this document is to offer guidance to Federal agency
program managers seeking to modify their grant program announcements to
ensure Federal grant dollars are wisely invested when grantees collect,
maintain, distribute, use or preserve geospatial data during grant
project execution. This guidance to Agencies also acts as an outline for
the actions needed to be in compliance with OMB passback on geospatial
grant related activities associated with Geospatial One-Stop and
Grants.gov.**

Established by Executive Order 12906, the National Spatial Data
Infrastructure (NSDI) promotes the sharing of geospatial data throughout
all levels of government, the private and non-profit sectors, and the
academic community. It provides a national vision for geographic
information that includes processes and standards needed to facilitate
data sharing, a distributed network of technology, and
cross-organizational partnerships. There are six basic building blocks
of the NSDI: metadata, clearinghouse, standards, framework, geospatial
data, and partnerships. NSDI implementation benefits are:

-   reduced duplication of effort

-   improved data quality

-   reduced costs related to geographic information

-   geographic data made more accessible

-   increased benefits of using available data

-   increased data availability.

Federal agencies recognize the value of incorporating digital geographic
information resources into their business operations and many are
actively doing so. In fact, some agencies have established or are
expanding grant programs to fund geospatial assets at State and local
levels. Federal grant programs that provide funding for geographic
information resources have the opportunity as well as a responsibility
to support the NSDI by requiring grant projects be in compliance with
applicable geographic information standards developed and endorsed by
standard setting bodies including the FGDC, the American National
Standards Institute (ANSI) and the International Standards Organization
(ISO). Agencies are strongly urged to also require that grants specify
compliance with the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) with regard to
hosting data and related catalogs on the Internet to facilitate
standards-based data and information exchange.

At the Geospatial One Stop Federal Partners meeting July 28, 2004, a
request was made that grant program guidelines supporting the precepts
of the NSDI be provided to the Federal Partners.

This document:

-   describes the NSDI --Cooperative Agreement Program, a model
    collaborative grant program that adapted a common set of standards
    for GIS related grants.

-   provides guidelines and resources for Federal grant programs that
    will support geographic information standards compliance.

## Background on the National Spatial Data Infrastructure -- Cooperative Agreement Program 

According to the April 2005 GAO report on Grants Management: "The
federal government distributed about \$400 billion in federal grants in
fiscal year 2003 through about 1,000 different federal grant programs
administered by several federal agencies with different administrative
requirements." The GAO report concluded: Additional Actions Needed to
Streamline and Simplify Processes.

The U.S. Geological Survey, Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC)
Secretariat, launched the National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI)
Cooperative Agreements Program (CAP) in 1994 to provide seed funding to
Federal, State, local and tribal governments, academic, for profit and
non-profit organizations to increase their capacity to coordinate the
collection, maintenance, distribution, use and preservation of
geospatial data. Each year about one million dollars of the FGDC budget
is allocated to the CAP. In the past 12 years, over 550 organizations
have received funding.

The NSDI Cooperative Agreements program is unique among Federal grant
programs in providing seed funding solely for the purpose of increasing
organizational capacity for geospatial data coordination.

The NSDI -- Cooperative Agreement Program (CAP) serves as a mechanism to
fund innovative projects to assist in building the infrastructure
necessary to effectively discover, access, share, manage and use digital
geographic data. The CAP has become a model incentive grant program that
supports the primary elements of the NSDI. Projects funded through the
CAP must be in compliance with applicable geographic information
standards.

In 2004, 2005, and 2006, the CAP leveraged the strengths of the FGDC,
Geospatial One-Stop (GOS) and *The National Map* by collaborating to
provide funding incentives for partner organizations working on the
NSDI. This effort built on the NSDI grant program the FGDC has
administered during the 12 preceding years. In the FY2004 pilot, FGDC,
GOS and *The National Map* developed a model for streamlining the grant
application process leveraging available grant funds and developing a
set of common requirements.

Federal agencies are invited and encouraged to utilize this program in
FY2007 and future years to seed sustainable participation of state and
local organizations in the NSDI. The program objective is for
participating federal programs be able take advantage of partnerships,
leverage resources, and most importantly, provide a more efficient
process for applicants. More information about the NSDI-CAP can be found
at [http://www.fgdc.gov](http://www.fgdc.gov/).

**[Requiring Compliance with Applicable Geographic Standards in Federal
Grant Programs]{.underline}**

Federal agencies administering grant programs that provide funding for
geographic information resources are strongly encouraged to require
compliance with applicable geographic information standards developed
and endorsed by standard setting bodies including the FGDC, ISO and the
Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC). Requirements that are either based on
OMB Circular A-16 or industry-wide interoperability standards include:

-   all geospatial data acquired or developed with grant funding should
    have data documentation (metadata) meeting FGDC standards

-   standardized documentation should be electronically accessible to
    the Clearinghouse network and discoverable through Geospatial One
    Stop

-   development using web mappings services, web feature services and
    Geography Markup Language comply with OGC interoperability
    specifications

-   framework data themes that are acquired or developed must meet
    INCITS Project 1574-D, Geographic Information - Framework Data
    Content Standards.

By promoting compliance with geographic information standards, Federal
Partners play an important role in helping the community at large
realize the benefits of the NSDI. Sources for standards as well as
measurement guidelines are provided below. While not required,
geospatial data collaboration through submission of framework data to
*The National Map* is encouraged and guidelines are provided for data
provision*.* By supporting implementation of these key NSDI components
and adherence to proven geospatial standards, Federal Partners take
important steps to ensure the development and maintenance of shareable
geospatial data resources.

In addition to the U.S. Geological Survey administered NSDI Cooperative
Agreements Program, other Federal agency members of the Federal
Geographic Data Committee, such as the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, the Department of Homeland Security, and the Department of
Agriculture, administer grant programs offering *implicit* if not
*explicit* support for coordinated collection, maintenance,
distribution, use and preservation of geospatial data. Current and
accurate geospatial data contribute to the effective implementation of
most programs. Therefore, many Federal grant programs for which access
to accurate, current and standardized geospatial data would be of
benefit may not include *explicit* references to geospatial data.

For instance in FY05 Department of Homeland Security Grant Program funds
comprehensive planning, training and exercises, information sharing,
communication interoperability, critical infrastructure protection,
cyber security, public health for example.

## 

## 

## Recommended Measurable Results and Standards

Federal agencies play an important role in helping the community at
large realize the benefits of the NSDI. Below are applicable standards
and measurement guidelines for metadata creation and implementation,
Open Geospatial compliant web mapping service capabilities, framework
data services using Open Geospatial web feature service specifications,
and geospatial data collaboration through provision of framework data to
*The National Map.* By successful implementation of these key NSDI
components and adherence to proven geospatial standards, Federal
Partners take important steps to ensure the development and maintenance
of shareable geospatial data resources.

**Coordination and NSDI Development**

Federal agencies are encouraged to utilize statewide coordinating
councils to develop and maintain strategic and business plans for
efficient statewide geospatial data infrastructures in support of the
National Spatial Data Infrastructure^.^ Federal agencies are further
encouraged to examine statewide or large regional approaches to the
production of certain data, particularly framework (base map) data and
critical infrastructure data that are conducive to statewide data
maintenance. Adopting this approach will align with OMB Circular A-16
for the National Spatial Data Infrastructure, save money, and promote
data integration for mutual aid response.

States and local governments (and all political subdivisions) are
encouraged to actively participate in existing Statewide Geospatial
Coordination Councils or to establish one in states where they do not
exist. New data acquisition activities should be coordinated with such
councils.

> **Measurable Results:**
>
> Statewide Geospatial Coordination Councils reach these levels of
> maturity:

1)  Official Coordination through a Geospatial Information Officer
    (GIO): This method of coordination has become increasingly popular
    and is generally most effective. This model provides the greatest
    assurance that required enterprise coordination work will be
    identified and completed to the extent granted by the authorizing
    mandate. Many offices are not always empowered to address all of the
    required issues so care must be taken in the development of the
    language establishing its authority.

2)  Coordination roles and responsibilities may include: Assessing needs
    and identifying geospatial investment priorities; Ensuring cost
    efficient and open access to spatial data and technology resources;
    Establishing appropriate data standards and ensuring compliance;
    Establishing appropriate data access and sharing policies;
    Coordinating data production, maintenance, documentation and
    delivery; Establishing Mapping Services; Establishing an FGDC
    compliant Clearinghouse Node (data & metadata); Coordinating the
    development of geospatial applications; and Establishing data
    requirements and metadata postings on GOS.

3)  Official Coordination through a Geospatial Information Officer
    (GIO): Coordination roles and responsibilities are reviewed and
    updated, such functions may include: extended coordination functions
    outside of the resident agency between federal, state and local
    agencies; Establishing and maintaining budgetary authority to
    collect and distribute funds; Establishing and maintaining authority
    to form partnerships with other levels of government, non-profit
    organizations, utilities and private organizations; Providing a
    non-lapsing fund for priority data and system development projects;
    Providing contractual authority; Offering suitable expertise on
    technical, management, and policy issues.

> **References:**
>
> National States Geographic Information Council (NSGIC):
> [http://www.nsgic.org/]{.underline}
>
> article:<http://www.nsgic.org/committees/documents/fifty_states_initiative.pdf>
>
> NSGIC presentation to FGDC Steering Committee June 2005:
> [http://www.fgdc.gov/fgdc/steer/2005/july/50%20States.ppt](http://www.fgdc.gov/fgdc/steer/2005/july/50 States.ppt)

## 

## Metadata 

Metadata of an organization's geographic data holdings is an important
first step to participating in the NSDI. Metadata provides not only a
way to inventory and preserve investments in costly geospatial data
resources within an organization, but also is a means for its discovery
and sharing with other organizations.

> **Measurable Results:**

-   The number of individuals capable of creating metadata.

-   The number of metadata files or datasets documented.

-   The metadata is registered and discoverable through the Geospatial
    One-Stop Portal.

-   The establishment of organizational practices for data
    documentation.

-   Formal or informal organizational relationships established to
    sustain activities beyond performance period.

> **Standards:**

(1) FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata, Version 2
    (CSDGM), FGDC-STD-001-1998 or when available the ISO Metadata
    Standard 19115 using draft ISO Technical Specification 19139.

(2) Metadata Service Guidelines: Metadata must be posted to one of the
    following options and harvestable through the Geospatial One-Stop
    Portal at http://www.GeoData.gov.

    a.  Registered Z39.50 Clearinghouse server. Z39.50 Clearinghouse and
        harvesting service information can be found at
        http://www.fgdc.gov/clearinghouse/clearinghouse.html and
        http://www.GeoData.gov.

    b.  Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting
        (OAI-PMH) provider software

    c.  FGDC Browse-enabled Web Directory, where metadata is in XML

## 

## Open Geospatial Web Services

To facilitate data discovery and sharing with other organizations, Web
Mapping Services (WMS), Web Feature Services (WFS) and Geography Markup
Language (GML) must comply with Open Geospatial interoperability
specifications.

> **Measurable Results:**

-   Operational capability of web map or feature service is established
    for each project participant's Clearinghouse node.

-   OGC Web mapping service is registered with the Geospatial One-stop
    Portal.

-   Links to map servers for each layer are visible through links in
    metadata stored in a Clearinghouse Node and made searchable through
    the GOS Portal (http://www.geodata.gov).

> **Standards (also see tables below):**

\(1\) Open Geospatial Consortium Web Mapping Service Specifications
Version 1.1.1 or 1.2

(1) Open Geospatial Consortium Web Feature Service (WFS). The current
    published version of the OGC Web Feature Service specification is
    version 1.0 (2002-05-17). The document number is OGC 02-058. The
    specification is downloadable at
    <http://www.opengeospatial.org/docs/02-058.pdf>. 

(2) Consortium Geography Markup Language (GML) Version 3.0
    (2003-01-9)(http://www.opengeospatial.org/docs/02-023r4.pdf)
    baseline for ISO 19136

(3) INCITS Project 1574-D, Geographic information - Framework Data
    Content Standard, public review draft version (TBD). See
    http://www.geo-one-stop.gov/Standards/index.html for more
    information.

# 

# Framework Data Themes - Participation in *The National Map* 

### Through The National Map, the USGS is working with Federal State, regional and local government agencies, the private sector, and others to provide seamless, continually maintained and updated geographic base data. The National Map will serve as a foundation for integrating, sharing and applying data easily and consistently. 

> **Measurable results:**

-   Framework data themes are provided to *The National Map*. The data
    provided should be available in the public domain[^1] for unlimited
    viewing, downloads (limited by data volume restrictions), and
    unrestricted use and redistribution. A consequence of grant receipt
    is the registration of map services and metadata in *The National
    Map* and Geospatial One-Stop.

-   USGS may incorporate data provided in *The National Map* into its
    national databases; in particular:

    -   Activities that include hydrography data must result in the data
        being incorporated into the National Hydrography Dataset.

    -   Activities that include elevation data must result in the data
        being incorporated into the National Elevation Dataset.

    -   Activities that include geographic names must result in data
        being incorporated into the Geographic Names Information System.

-   Operational capability to maintain and update data evidenced through
    periodic updates of data made available through *The National Map*.

-   Written agreement with USGS to refresh data and provide ongoing web
    services through *The National Map*.

> **Applicable Standards -- also see reference tables below**
>
> Draft Geospatial Profile of the Federal Enterprise Architecture
>
> <http://colab.cim3.net/cgi-bin/wiki.pl?CurrentGeospatialProfileDraft>
>
> Open Geospatial Consortium- (OGC-) compliant Web Mapping Service (WMS)
> (version 1.1.1 or later)
>
> ISO/FGDC metadata standard.
>
> Geospatial Positioning Accuracy Standard, Part 3, National Standard
> for Spatial Data Accuracy (FGDC-STD-007.3-1998).
>
> For hydrography, elevation, and geographic names, specifications and
> procedures for the National Hydrography Dataset (see
> http://nhd.usgs.gov), the National Elevation Dataset, and the
> Geographic Names Information System (see http://geonames.usgs.gov)
> respectively.
>
> Data should be in the North American Datum of 1983; elevation data in
> the North American Vertical Datum of 1988.
>
> Other sought data characteristics are reviewed in "*The National Map*:
> Topographic Mapping for the 21^st^ Century"
> (http://nationalmap.usgs.gov/report/national_map_report_final.pdf,
> starting on page 10).
>
> The following table provides data themes and related data
> characteristics in *The National Map*. Characteristics of data
> currentness and positional accuracy are provided as goals. Data
> offered must improve (be more current, accurate, etc.) those already
> available in *The National Map*.
>
> Two types of geographic areas are of special interest. For urban
> areas, the data should have the currentness and positional accuracy
> qualities typically sought by local governments. For large areas (for
> example, states or groups of states), the data should have the
> positional accuracy qualities of USGS primary topographic map series
> (typically 1:24,000-scale; 1:63,360-scale in Alaska). The following
> table provides minimum (that is, data should be no worse than these
> measures) goals for these two classes of data.

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  **The National                                                               
  Map Minimum ("no                                                             
  worse than")                                                                 
  Goals for                                                                    
  Resolution,                                                                  
  Accuracy, and                                                                
  Currentness**                                                                
  ---------------- ------------------- ------------------- ------------------- -------------------
                   **Urban Areas**                         **Large Areas**     

  **Data Theme**   **Minimum           **Minimum           **Minimum           **Minimum
                   Resolution or       Currentness**[^3]   Resolution or       Currentness**[^5]
                   Accuracy**[^2]                          Accuracy**[^4]      

  Orthoimagery     1 foot resolution;  Two years           1 meter resolution; Five years
                   3 meters horizontal                     11.70 meters        
                   accuracy                                horizontal accuracy 

  Elevation        1/9 arcsecond       Two years           1/3 arcsecond       Five years
                   (\~3 meters)                            (\~10 meters) (2    
                   resolution; 0.73                        arcsecond in        
                   meter vertical                          Alaska) resolution; 
                   accuracy                                vertical accuracy   
                                                           commensurate with   
                                                           contour interval of 
                                                           USGS primary        
                                                           topographic map for 
                                                           area                

  Hydrography      4.68 meters         Two years           13.90 meters        Five years
                   horizontal accuracy                     horizontal          
                                                           accuracy; 36.69     
                                                           meters horizontal   
                                                           accuracy for Alaska 

  Transportation   4.68 meters         Two years           13.90 meters        Five years
                   horizontal accuracy                     horizontal          
                                                           accuracy; 36.69     
                                                           meters horizontal   
                                                           accuracy for Alaska 

  Boundaries       4.68 meters         Two years           13.90 meters        Five years
                   horizontal accuracy                     horizontal          
                                                           accuracy; 36.69     
                                                           meters horizontal   
                                                           accuracy for Alaska 

  Structures       4.68 meters         Two years           13.90 meters        Five years
                   horizontal accuracy                     horizontal          
                                                           accuracy; 36.69     
                                                           meters horizontal   
                                                           accuracy for Alaska 

  Land Cover       Should align with   Two years           Should align with   Five years
                   base maps that have                     base maps that have 
                   the accuracies                          the accuracies      
                   listed above.                           listed above.       

  Geographic Names Same as the                             Same as the         
                   associated feature                      associated feature  
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

## Other References and Resources

## 

+-----------+---+---------------------------------------+-----------------+
| **\       |   |                                       |                 |
| Spatial   |   |                                       |                 |
| Data      |   |                                       |                 |
| Access    |   |                                       |                 |
| and       |   |                                       |                 |
| Visua     |   |                                       |                 |
| lization\ |   |                                       |                 |
| **        |   |                                       |                 |
+-----------+---+---------------------------------------+-----------------+
| *Id       | * |                                       | *Example        |
| entifier* | D |                                       | Functional      |
|           | e |                                       | Requirements*   |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | * |                                       |                 |
+-----------+---+---------------------------------------+-----------------+
| ISO 19128 | G |                                       | -   make a map  |
|           | e |                                       |     showing     |
|           | o |                                       |     information |
|           | g |                                       |     related to  |
|           | r |                                       |     location    |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       | -   find        |
|           | h |                                       |     people,     |
|           | i |                                       |     events, or  |
|           | c |                                       |     information |
|           | i |                                       |     by location |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | f |                                       | -   manage      |
|           | o |                                       |     resources   |
|           | r |                                       |     that are at |
|           | m |                                       |     places      |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       | -   correlate   |
|           | i |                                       |     disparate   |
|           | o |                                       |     information |
|           | n |                                       |     by location |
|           | - |                                       |                 |
|           | - |                                       | -   communicate |
|           | W |                                       |     where       |
|           | e |                                       |     events or   |
|           | b |                                       |     objects are |
|           | M |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       | -   track       |
|           | p |                                       |     object      |
|           | S |                                       |     movement    |
|           | e |                                       |     through     |
|           | r |                                       |     space       |
|           | v |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       | -   offer       |
|           | c |                                       |     spatial     |
|           | e |                                       |     data layers |
|           | ( |                                       |     to be used  |
|           | W |                                       |     for spatial |
|           | M |                                       |     analysis    |
|           | S |                                       |     (e.g.,      |
|           | ) |                                       |  socio-economic |
|           | . |                                       |     data)       |
|           | I |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | O |                                       |                 |
|           |   |                                       |                 |
|           | 1 |                                       |                 |
|           | 9 |                                       |                 |
|           | 1 |                                       |                 |
|           | 2 |                                       |                 |
|           | 8 |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | f |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | w |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | k |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | v |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | f |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | h |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | y |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | f |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | m |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | m |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | - |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | k |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | v |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | w |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | f |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | f |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | m |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | , |                                       |                 |
|           | f |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | m |                                       |                 |
|           | m |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | h |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | m |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | y |                                       |                 |
|           | b |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | m |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | h |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | . |                                       |                 |
+-----------+---+---------------------------------------+-----------------+
| ISO 19123 | G |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | h |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | I |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | f |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | m |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           |   |                                       |                 |
|           | - |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | h |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | m |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | f |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | v |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | m |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | y |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | f |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | , |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | k |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           |   |                                       |                 |
|           | W |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | b |                                       |                 |
|           |   |                                       |                 |
|           | C |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | v |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | v |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | ( |                                       |                 |
|           | W |                                       |                 |
|           | C |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | ) |                                       |                 |
|           | . |                                       |                 |
|           | I |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | O |                                       |                 |
|           |   |                                       |                 |
|           | 1 |                                       |                 |
|           | 9 |                                       |                 |
|           | 1 |                                       |                 |
|           | 2 |                                       |                 |
|           | 3 |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | f |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | w |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | k |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | v |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | f |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | x |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | I |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | O |                                       |                 |
|           |   |                                       |                 |
|           | 1 |                                       |                 |
|           | 9 |                                       |                 |
|           | 1 |                                       |                 |
|           | 2 |                                       |                 |
|           | 8 |                                       |                 |
|           | ( |                                       |                 |
|           | W |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | b |                                       |                 |
|           | M |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | v |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | , |                                       |                 |
|           | W |                                       |                 |
|           | M |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | ) |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | w |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | \ |                                       |                 |
|           | " |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | v |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | \ |                                       |                 |
|           | " |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | h |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | v |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | f |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | h |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | , |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | h |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | h |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | W |                                       |                 |
|           | M |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | m |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | ( |                                       |                 |
|           | v |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | z |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | ) |                                       |                 |
|           | . |                                       |                 |
+-----------+---+---------------------------------------+-----------------+
| ISO 19142 | G |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | h |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | f |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | m |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | - |                                       |                 |
|           | - |                                       |                 |
|           | W |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | b |                                       |                 |
|           | F |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | v |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | ( |                                       |                 |
|           | W |                                       |                 |
|           | F |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | ) |                                       |                 |
|           | . |                                       |                 |
|           | \ |                                       |                 |
|           | I |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | O |                                       |                 |
|           | 1 |                                       |                 |
|           | 9 |                                       |                 |
|           | 1 |                                       |                 |
|           | 4 |                                       |                 |
|           | 2 |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | f |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | w |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | k |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | v |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | f |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | v |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | f |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | I |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | O |                                       |                 |
|           | 1 |                                       |                 |
|           | 9 |                                       |                 |
|           | 1 |                                       |                 |
|           | 3 |                                       |                 |
|           | 6 |                                       |                 |
|           | ( |                                       |                 |
|           | G |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | h |                                       |                 |
|           | y |                                       |                 |
|           | M |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | k |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | L |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | ) |                                       |                 |
+-----------+---+---------------------------------------+-----------------+
| ISO 19136 | G |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | h |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | f |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | m |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | \ |                                       |                 |
|           | - |                                       |                 |
|           | - |                                       |                 |
|           | G |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | h |                                       |                 |
|           | y |                                       |                 |
|           | M |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | k |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | L |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | ( |                                       |                 |
|           | G |                                       |                 |
|           | M |                                       |                 |
|           | L |                                       |                 |
|           | ) |                                       |                 |
|           | . |                                       |                 |
+-----------+---+---------------------------------------+-----------------+
| **\       |   |                                       |                 |
| Metadata  |   |                                       |                 |
| or        |   |                                       |                 |
| Catalog   |   |                                       |                 |
| Access**  |   |                                       |                 |
+-----------+---+---------------------------------------+-----------------+
| *Id       | * |                                       | *Example        |
| entifier* | D |                                       | Functional      |
|           | e |                                       | Requirements*   |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | * |                                       |                 |
+-----------+---+---------------------------------------+-----------------+
| ISO 19115 | G |                                       | -   find        |
|           | e |                                       |     available   |
|           | o |                                       |     spatial     |
|           | g |                                       |     data,       |
|           | r |                                       |     coverages   |
|           | a |                                       |     and maps    |
|           | p |                                       |     useful for  |
|           | h |                                       |     a specific  |
|           | i |                                       |     purpose     |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | I |                                       | -   check       |
|           | n |                                       |     planned     |
|           | f |                                       |     spatial     |
|           | o |                                       |     data        |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | m |                                       |    acquisitions |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       | -   find        |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |    associations |
|           | n |                                       |     between     |
|           |   |                                       |     spatial     |
|           | - |                                       |     data and    |
|           | M |                                       |     other       |
|           | e |                                       |     information |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | . |                                       |                 |
|           | \ |                                       |                 |
|           | A |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | k |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | w |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | C |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | f |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | D |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | G |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | M |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | ( |                                       |                 |
|           | C |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | D |                                       |                 |
|           | G |                                       |                 |
|           | M |                                       |                 |
|           | ) |                                       |                 |
|           | . |                                       |                 |
+-----------+---+---------------------------------------+-----------------+
| ISO 23950 | I |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | f |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | m |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | h |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | R |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | v |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | . |                                       |                 |
|           | \ |                                       |                 |
|           | I |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | O |                                       |                 |
|           | 2 |                                       |                 |
|           | 3 |                                       |                 |
|           | 9 |                                       |                 |
|           | 5 |                                       |                 |
|           | 0 |                                       |                 |
|           | , |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | k |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | w |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | A |                                       |                 |
|           | N |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | I |                                       |                 |
|           | Z |                                       |                 |
|           | 3 |                                       |                 |
|           | 9 |                                       |                 |
|           | . |                                       |                 |
|           | 5 |                                       |                 |
|           | 0 |                                       |                 |
|           | , |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | f |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | w |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | k |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | v |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | f |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | f |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | m |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | f |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | f |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | m |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | h |                                       |                 |
|           | . |                                       |                 |
|           | T |                                       |                 |
|           | h |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | G |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | P |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | f |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | f |                                       |                 |
|           | I |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | O |                                       |                 |
|           |   |                                       |                 |
|           | 2 |                                       |                 |
|           | 3 |                                       |                 |
|           | 9 |                                       |                 |
|           | 5 |                                       |                 |
|           | 0 |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | h |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | : |                                       |                 |
|           | / |                                       |                 |
|           | / |                                       |                 |
|           | b |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | h |                                       |                 |
|           | . |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | m |                                       |                 |
|           | / |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | / |                                       |                 |
|           | G |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | P |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | f |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | / |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | 2 |                                       |                 |
|           | 2 |                                       |                 |
|           | . |                                       |                 |
|           | h |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | m |                                       |                 |
+-----------+---+---------------------------------------+-----------------+
| **\       |   |                                       |                 |
| Spatial   |   |                                       |                 |
| Reference |   |                                       |                 |
| Systems   |   |                                       |                 |
| and Place |   |                                       |                 |
| Codes\    |   |                                       |                 |
| **        |   |                                       |                 |
+-----------+---+---------------------------------------+-----------------+
| *Id       | * |                                       | *Example        |
| entifier* | D |                                       | Functional      |
|           | e |                                       | Requirements*   |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | * |                                       |                 |
+-----------+---+---------------------------------------+-----------------+
| ISO 3166  | I |                                       | -   designate a |
|           | n |                                       |     point or    |
|           | t |                                       |     delineate   |
|           | h |                                       |     an area on, |
|           | e |                                       |     above, or   |
|           | U |                                       |     below the   |
|           | n |                                       |     Earth       |
|           | i |                                       |     surface     |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       | -   identify    |
|           | d |                                       |     the place   |
|           | S |                                       |     or location |
|           | t |                                       |     where a     |
|           | a |                                       |     person,     |
|           | t |                                       |     object, or  |
|           | e |                                       |     event       |
|           | s |                                       |     occurs      |
|           | , |                                       |                 |
|           | F |                                       | -   manage data |
|           | I |                                       |     or          |
|           | P |                                       |     information |
|           | S |                                       |     that        |
|           | 5 |                                       |     includes a  |
|           | - |                                       |     place or    |
|           | 2 |                                       |     location    |
|           | ( |                                       |     designation |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       | -   analyze     |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |   relationships |
|           | t |                                       |     among       |
|           | e |                                       |     persons,    |
|           | d |                                       |     objects, or |
|           | a |                                       |     events with |
|           | s |                                       |     reference   |
|           | A |                                       |     to place or |
|           | N |                                       |     location    |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | I |                                       |                 |
|           |   |                                       |                 |
|           | X |                                       |                 |
|           | 3 |                                       |                 |
|           | . |                                       |                 |
|           | 3 |                                       |                 |
|           | 8 |                                       |                 |
|           | ) |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | I |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | O |                                       |                 |
|           |   |                                       |                 |
|           | 3 |                                       |                 |
|           | 1 |                                       |                 |
|           | 6 |                                       |                 |
|           | 6 |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | b |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | v |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | . |                                       |                 |
|           | F |                                       |                 |
|           | I |                                       |                 |
|           | P |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | 6 |                                       |                 |
|           | - |                                       |                 |
|           | 4 |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | y |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | ( |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | A |                                       |                 |
|           | N |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | I |                                       |                 |
|           | X |                                       |                 |
|           | 3 |                                       |                 |
|           | . |                                       |                 |
|           | 3 |                                       |                 |
|           | 1 |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | ) |                                       |                 |
|           | ; |                                       |                 |
|           | F |                                       |                 |
|           | I |                                       |                 |
|           | P |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | 8 |                                       |                 |
|           | - |                                       |                 |
|           | 6 |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | m |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | ; |                                       |                 |
|           | F |                                       |                 |
|           | I |                                       |                 |
|           | P |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | 5 |                                       |                 |
|           | 5 |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | f |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | ( |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | A |                                       |                 |
|           | N |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | I |                                       |                 |
|           |   |                                       |                 |
|           | X |                                       |                 |
|           | 3 |                                       |                 |
|           | . |                                       |                 |
|           | 4 |                                       |                 |
|           | 7 |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | ) |                                       |                 |
|           | ; |                                       |                 |
|           | F |                                       |                 |
|           | I |                                       |                 |
|           | P |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | 9 |                                       |                 |
|           | - |                                       |                 |
|           | 1 |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | f |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | . |                                       |                 |
+-----------+---+---------------------------------------+-----------------+
| ISO 6709  | S |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | f |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | , |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | f |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | h |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | . |                                       |                 |
|           | \ |                                       |                 |
|           | I |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | O |                                       |                 |
|           | 6 |                                       |                 |
|           | 7 |                                       |                 |
|           | 0 |                                       |                 |
|           | 9 |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | f |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | y |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | x |                                       |                 |
|           | f |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | x |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | x |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | , |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | , |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | v |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
+-----------+---+---------------------------------------+-----------------+
| ISO 19127 | G |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | h |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | f |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | m |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | \ |                                       |                 |
|           | - |                                       |                 |
|           | - |                                       |                 |
|           | G |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | m |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | . |                                       |                 |
+-----------+---+---------------------------------------+-----------------+
| ANSI      | e |                                       |                 |
| X3.61     | x |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | f |                                       |                 |
|           | I |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | O |                                       |                 |
|           | 6 |                                       |                 |
|           | 7 |                                       |                 |
|           | 0 |                                       |                 |
|           | 9 |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | y |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | x |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | h |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | U |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | v |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | T |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | v |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | M |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | ( |                                       |                 |
|           | U |                                       |                 |
|           | T |                                       |                 |
|           | M |                                       |                 |
|           | ) |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | P |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | j |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           |   |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | f |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | y |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | m |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
+-----------+---+---------------------------------------+-----------------+
| ANSI      | U |                                       |                 |
| X3.31     | . |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | . |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | , |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | k |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | w |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | F |                                       |                 |
|           | I |                                       |                 |
|           | P |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | 6 |                                       |                 |
|           | - |                                       |                 |
|           | 4 |                                       |                 |
+-----------+---+---------------------------------------+-----------------+
| ANSI      | U |                                       |                 |
| X3.38     | . |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | . |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | , |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | k |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | w |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | F |                                       |                 |
|           | I |                                       |                 |
|           | P |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | 5 |                                       |                 |
|           | - |                                       |                 |
|           | 2 |                                       |                 |
+-----------+---+---------------------------------------+-----------------+
| ANSI      | p |                                       |                 |
| X3.47     | l |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | ; |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | F |                                       |                 |
|           | I |                                       |                 |
|           | P |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | 5 |                                       |                 |
|           | 5 |                                       |                 |
+-----------+---+---------------------------------------+-----------------+
| ANSI      | H |                                       |                 |
| X3.145    | y |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | U |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | C |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | \ |                                       |                 |
|           | C |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | f |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | v |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | b |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | b |                                       |                 |
|           | - |                                       |                 |
|           | b |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | b |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | h |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           |   |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | h |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | h |                                       |                 |
|           | U |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | G |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | C |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | 8 |                                       |                 |
|           | 7 |                                       |                 |
|           | 8 |                                       |                 |
|           | - |                                       |                 |
|           | A |                                       |                 |
+-----------+---+---------------------------------------+-----------------+
| FIPS 8-6  | m |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
+-----------+---+---------------------------------------+-----------------+
| FIPS 9-1  | c |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
+-----------+---+---------------------------------------+-----------------+
| FIPS 10-4 | c |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | b |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | v |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | \ |                                       |                 |
|           | C |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | m |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | h |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | h |                                       |                 |
|           | N |                                       |                 |
|           | G |                                       |                 |
|           | A |                                       |                 |
|           | G |                                       |                 |
|           | E |                                       |                 |
|           | O |                                       |                 |
|           | N |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | m |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | v |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
+-----------+---+---------------------------------------+-----------------+
| FIPS 55   | U |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | \ |                                       |                 |
|           | C |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | m |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | h |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | h |                                       |                 |
|           | U |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | G |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | G |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | p |                                       |                 |
|           | h |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | N |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | m |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | I |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | f |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | m |                                       |                 |
|           | a |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | y |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | t |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | m |                                       |                 |
|           | , |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | A |                                       |                 |
|           | N |                                       |                 |
|           | S |                                       |                 |
|           | I |                                       |                 |
|           | X |                                       |                 |
|           | 3 |                                       |                 |
|           | . |                                       |                 |
|           | 4 |                                       |                 |
|           | 7 |                                       |                 |
|           | c |                                       |                 |
|           | o |                                       |                 |
|           | d |                                       |                 |
|           | i |                                       |                 |
|           | n |                                       |                 |
|           | g |                                       |                 |
|           | r |                                       |                 |
|           | u |                                       |                 |
|           | l |                                       |                 |
|           | e |                                       |                 |
|           | s |                                       |                 |
+-----------+---+---------------------------------------+-----------------+
| **\       |   |                                       |                 |
| Framework |   |                                       |                 |
| Data      |   |                                       |                 |
| Standards |   |                                       |                 |
| (in       |   |                                       |                 |
| deve      |   |                                       |                 |
| lopment)\ |   |                                       |                 |
| **        |   |                                       |                 |
+-----------+---+---------------------------------------+-----------------+
| *Interim  |   | *Description\                         |                 |
| Id        |   | *                                     |                 |
| entifier* |   |                                       |                 |
+-----------+---+---------------------------------------+-----------------+
| FGD       |   | Cadastral (land ownership) Data       |                 |
| C-STD-003 |   | Content Standard                      |                 |
+-----------+---+---------------------------------------+-----------------+
| FGD       |   | Classification of Wetlands and        |                 |
| C-STD-004 |   | Deepwater Habitats of the United      |                 |
|           |   | States                                |                 |
+-----------+---+---------------------------------------+-----------------+
| FGD       |   | Vegetation Classification Standard    |                 |
| C-STD-005 |   |                                       |                 |
+-----------+---+---------------------------------------+-----------------+
| FGD       |   | Soil Geographic Data Standard         |                 |
| C-STD-006 |   |                                       |                 |
+-----------+---+---------------------------------------+-----------------+
| FGD       |   | Content Standard for Digital          |                 |
| C-STD-008 |   | Orthoimagery                          |                 |
+-----------+---+---------------------------------------+-----------------+

More information about the NSDI, the NSDI-CAP, and geospatial standards
associated with this document can be found at the Federal Geographic
Data Council (FGDC) website
([http://www.fgdc.gov](http://www.fgdc.gov/)), the GOS website
([http://www.geodata.gov](http://www.geodata.gov/)), and *The National
Map* website
([http://nationalmap.usgs.gov](http://nationalmap.usgs.gov/)), and the
Open Geospatial Consortium website
([http://www.opengeospatial.org](http://www.opengeospatial.org/)).

[^1]: Public domain refers to works that are not protected under U.S.
    copyright law and are publicly available. Public domain materials
    may be used by anyone, anywhere in the U.S., anytime without
    permission, license, or royalty payment.

[^2]: ^,4^ Accuracy statement based on Geospatial Positioning Accuracy
    Standard, Part 3, National Standard for Spatial Data Accuracy
    (FGDC-STD-007.3-1998).
    http://www.fgdc.gov/standards/status/sub1_3.html. For horizontal
    accuracies (95% confidence level), 3 meters is commensurate with
    1:3,075-scale maps under the National Map Accuracy Standard, 4.68
    meters with 1:4,800-scale maps, 13.90 meters with 1:24,000-scale
    maps, and 36.69 meters with 1:63,360-scale maps. For vertical
    accuracy (95% confidence level), 0.73 meter is commensurate with a
    four-foot contour interval under the National Map Accuracy Standard.

[^3]: ^,5^ Estimated currentness of the data at the date of service
    initiation; that is, the data served reflects the ground condition
    sometime during the two (or five) years prior to the start of
    service through *The National Map*. (Note that, for themes in which
    the ground changes rarely, older data might meet this condition.)

[^4]:

[^5]: