![](media/image1.png){width="2.88125in" height="1.5222222222222221in"}

El Lic. Shawn Norton de la Oficina de Planificación, Instalaciones y
Tierras del Servicio Nacional de Parques de los Estados Unidos y la Lic.
Lorenza M. Fong Superintendente Asistente del Área de Recreación
Nacional de las Montañas de Santa Mónica disertarán sobre: "Gestión
Sustentable de Parques", los días 20 al 22 de octubre de 2004 en la
Hostería Fortín de San Miguel, Rocha. El Centro de Documentación de la
Embajada de los Estados Unidos, aprovecha la oportunidad para
presentarle una selección de fuentes de información relacionadas al tema
de la disertación.

El Centro de Documentación o IRC por su sigla en inglés (Information
Resource Center) establecido para apoyar los programas de la Embajada de
los Estados Unidos de América, brinda información actualizada oficial y
no oficial sobre los Estados Unidos en las áreas de Economía,
Legislación, Democracia, Derechos Humanos, Narcotráfico, Propiedad
Intelectual, Terrorismo, Biotecnología y Asuntos de la Mujer, a un
público selecto que incluye a los oficiales del gobierno uruguayo, los
formadores de opinión en los sectores públicos y privado, académicos,
investigadores y profesionales.

## 

**En Internet**

**SITIOS DE GOBIERNO**

U.S. Department of the Interior. National Park Service (NPS)

[**http://www.nps.gov/**](http://www.nps.gov/)

The National Park Service (NPS) preserves, unimpaired, the natural and
cultural resources and values of the national park system for the
enjoyment, education, and inspiration of this and future generations.
NPS comprises 388 areas covering more than 84 million acres in 49
States, the District of Columbia, American Samoa, Guam, Puerto Rico,
Saipan, and the Virgin Islands. These areas are of such national
significance as to justify special recognition and protection in
accordance with various acts of Congress. The Park Service cooperates
with partners to extend the benefits of natural and cultural resource
conservation and outdoor recreation throughout this country and the
world.

\-\-\-\--. Nature & Science

[**http://www.nature.nps.gov**](http://www.nature.nps.gov/)

Its mission is to develop, disseminate and utilize the tools of natural
and social science to enable the National Park Service to fulfill its
core mission: the protection of park resources and values. Its **vision
is natural resources of the National Park System that are unimpaired for
future generations**.

\-\-\-\--. Laws & Regulations

[**http://www.nature.nps.gov/lawsregulations/index.htm**](http://www.nature.nps.gov/lawsregulations/index.htm)

A collection of Laws, Regulations and Executive Orders.

\-\-\-\--. Policies and Guidance. Management Policy

[**http://www.nature.nps.gov/policiesguidance/managementpolicy.htm**](http://www.nature.nps.gov/policiesguidance/managementpolicy.htm)

\-\-\-\-\--. Office of Policy

[**http://data2.itc.nps.gov/npspolicy/index.cfm**](http://data2.itc.nps.gov/npspolicy/index.cfm)

> Its advances the mission of the National Park Service by developing
> and communicating policy and regulations, administering the committee
> management program, planning and coordinating conferences, serving as
> principal staff to the Director in these areas, supporting and
> staffing the National Leadership Council and the National Park System
> Advisory Board.

\-\-\-\--. Management Policies 2001

[**http://www.nps.gov/policy/mp/policies.html**](http://www.nps.gov/policy/mp/policies.html)

Basic Service-wide policy document of the National Park Service.
Policies are an indispensable tool to help Service employees manage
parks responsibly and make rational, well-informed decisions. Concerned
citizens may also refer to these policies to better understand how the
Service will meet its park management responsibilities under the 1916
NPS Organic Act \"to conserve the scenery and the natural and historic
objects and the wild life therein and to provide for the enjoyment of
the same in such manner and by such means as will leave them unimpaired
for the enjoyment of future generations.\"

\-\-\-\--. Things to Know. March 22, 2004

[**http://www.nps.gov/policy/DOrders/thingstoknow.html**](http://www.nps.gov/policy/DOrders/thingstoknow.html)\
Explains guiding principles and procedures of National park Services and
its **Directives System**.

\-\-\-\--. Park Facility Management

[**http://www.nps.gov/facility/**](http://www.nps.gov/facility/)

The Bush Administration's FY 2004 proposed budget for the National Park
Service (NPS) reflects a strong commitment to manage the deferred
maintenance backlog. To support this maintenance backlog, NPS has
launched an internal communications effort to increase awareness of
progress to date that includes an electronic magazine/newsletter, and a
CD-ROM for NPS leadership and park managers, emphasizing on
accountability issues long after NPS accomplishes the goal of reducing
the current backlog of deferred maintenance.

\-\-\-\--. Alternative Transportation (ATP)

[**http://www.nps.gov/transportation/alt/**](http://www.nps.gov/transportation/alt/)

ATP was developed by the NPS to respond to the growing demand for
innovative solutions to complex transportation challenges and consists
of professionals who work in partnership with the Federal Lands Highway
Division of the Federal Highway Administration to provide policy
guidance, funding, preplanning assistance, and other services related to
alternative transportation.

\-\-\-\-- Documents:

> \-\-\-\--. Facility Management Connection E-Magazine, Summer 2003,
> Issue 2, vol. 1
>
> [**http://www.nps.gov/facility/fmc_2_1.pdf**](http://www.nps.gov/facility/fmc_2_1.pdf)
>
> \-\-\-\--. Facility Management Connection E-Magazine, Spring 2003,
> Issue 2, vol. 1
>
> [**http://www.nps.gov/facility/fmc_1_1.pdf**](http://www.nps.gov/facility/fmc_1_1.pdf)

\-\-\-\--. Recreational Fee Demonstration

[**http://www.nps.gov/feedemo/**](http://www.nps.gov/feedemo/)

Under the trial program, Congress authorized four federal land
management agencies: the National Park Service, the Fish and Wildlife
Service, the Bureau of Land Management and the Forest Service to charge
fees to visitors.

Eighty percent of the money remains in the parks collecting the fees
creating a powerful incentive to make local improvements to show results
and therefore increase visitor support of the new fees. The Director of
the National Park Service distributes the remaining 20 percent of the
fees collected to special emphasis projects in the parks.

\-\-\-\--. Roads & Parkways

[**http://www.nps.gov/transportation/roads/**](http://www.nps.gov/transportation/roads/)

The National Park Service and Federal Highway Administration have worked
together to provide access to the most spectacular and hallowed places
in the United States of America. Now as we enter the 21st century, these
park roads and parkways will continue to allow future generations to
enjoy the natural and cultural areas that are their heritage.

\-\-\-\--. Parks and Recreation

[**http://www.nps.gov/parks.html**](http://www.nps.gov/parks.html)

**Includes: Alphabetical listing of National Park Service sites, By
Geographic search** : **location parks on a map, by state, region, or
zip code and By topic: from boating to dinosaurs to the Civil War.**

LEGISLACIÓN

U.S. Department of the Interior. National Park Service. Laws,
Regulations

& Standards

[**http://www.cr.nps.gov/linklaws.htm**](http://www.cr.nps.gov/linklaws.htm)

Full text of the laws, Regulations, Standards and Guidelines, and
Executive Orders related to cultural resources management.

\-\-\-\--. Parks and Historic Preservation Laws

[**http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/online_books/fhpl.htm**](http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/online_books/fhpl.htm)

New edition of Federal Historic Preservation Laws includes 23 Federal
laws and portions of laws that pertain to the preservation of the
Nation's cultural heritage.

U.S. Code (USC) Title 16: Conservation, Chapter 1: National Parks,
Military Parks, Monuments, and Seashores\
[**http://assembler.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode16/usc_sup_01_16_10_1.html**](http://assembler.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode16/usc_sup_01_16_10_1.html)

## **Sub Chapter 1: National Park Service **[*http://assembler.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode16/usc_sup_01_16_10_1_20_I.html*](http://assembler.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode16/usc_sup_01_16_10_1_20_I.html)

Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Title 36: Parks, Forests, and Public
Property, Chapter 1: National Park Service, Department of the Interior

[**http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_04/36cfrv1_04.html**](http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_04/36cfrv1_04.html)

\-\-\--. Part 1: General Provisions

[**http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_04/36cfr1_04.html**](http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_04/36cfr1_04.html)

> 1.10 Symbolic Signs
>
> [**http://a257.g.akamaitech.net/7/257/2422/12feb20041500/edocket.access.gpo.gov/cfr_2004/julqtr/pdf/36cfr1.10.pdf**](http://a257.g.akamaitech.net/7/257/2422/12feb20041500/edocket.access.gpo.gov/cfr_2004/julqtr/pdf/36cfr1.10.pdf)

\-\-\--. Part 2: Resource Protection, Public Use and Recreation

[**http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_01/36cfr2_01.html**](http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_01/36cfr2_01.html)

\-\-\-\--. Part 3: Boating and Water Use Activities

[**http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_04/36cfr3_04.html**](http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_04/36cfr3_04.html)

\-\-\-\--. Part 4: Vehicles and Traffic Safety

[**http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_04/36cfr4_04.html**](http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_04/36cfr4_04.html)

\-\-\-\--. Part 5: Commercial And Private Operations

[**http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_04/36cfr5_04.html**](http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_04/36cfr5_04.html)

\-\-\-\--. Part 6: Solid Waste Disposal Sites in Unites of the National
Park System

[**http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_04/36cfr6_04.html**](http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_04/36cfr6_04.html)

\-\-\-\--. Part 7: Special Regulations, Areas of the National Park
System

[**http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_04/36cfr7_04.html**](http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_04/36cfr7_04.html)

\-\-\-\--. Part 8: Labor Standards Applicable to employees of National
Park Service Concessioners

[**http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_04/36cfr8_04.html**](http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_04/36cfr8_04.html)

\-\-\-\--. Part 51\--Concession Contracts

[**http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_04/36cfr51_04.html**](http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_04/36cfr51_04.html)

OTROS SITIOS

National Park Foundation

[**http://www.nationalparks.org/**](http://www.nationalparks.org/)

Chartered by the Congress its mission is to strengthen the enduring
connection between the American People and their National Parks by
raising private funds, making strategic grants, creating innovative
partnerships and increasing public awareness.

> \-\-\-\--. Corporate and Foundations Donors. Making a Difference
>
> [**http://www.nationalparks.org/AboutUs/AboutUs-CorporateDonors.shtml**](http://www.nationalparks.org/AboutUs/AboutUs-CorporateDonors.shtml)
>
> The National Park Foundation (NPF) was chartered by Congress in 1967
> to raise private support for National Parks, and to build a broad
> community of people who care about their parks. America\'s National
> Parks have a long tradition of philanthropy, and NPF is proud to
> continue that tradition today.
>
> \-\-\-\--. Proud Partners of America's National Parks
>
> [**http://www.nationalparks.org/proudpartners/partner_overview-flash.shtml**](http://www.nationalparks.org/proudpartners/partner_overview-flash.shtml)
>
> **U**se their commitment and their expertise to connect National Parks
> to all Americans, both to enrich the public and to enrich the parks.\
> \
> \-\-\-\-\--. Corporate Programs Partners
>
> [**http://www.nationalparks.org/AboutUs/AboutUs-CorporateDonors-CPP.shtml**](http://www.nationalparks.org/AboutUs/AboutUs-CorporateDonors-CPP.shtml)
>
> They have joined the National Park Foundation in developing park
> programs that enhance the National Park experience for all.\
> \
> \-\-\-\--. Corporate Philanthropic Partners
>
> [**http://www.nationalparks.org/AboutUs/AboutUs-CorporateDonors-CphilP.shtml**](http://www.nationalparks.org/AboutUs/AboutUs-CorporateDonors-CPhilP.shtml)
>
> From a wide variety of industries and from all across the country have
> declared their support of America's National Parks through generous
> contributions.\
> \
> \-\-\-\--. Marketing and Promotional Partners
>
> [**http://www.nationalparks.org/AboutUs/AboutUs-CorporateDonors-MPP.shtml**](http://www.nationalparks.org/AboutUs/AboutUs-CorporateDonors-MPP.shtml)
>
> Dedicate sales proceeds to the National Park Foundation to support
> National Parks.\
> \
> \-\-\-\--. Foundation and Nonprofit Partners
>
> [**http://www.nationalparks.org/AboutUs/AboutUs-CorporateDonors-FP.shtml**](http://www.nationalparks.org/AboutUs/AboutUs-CorporateDonors-FP.shtml)
>
> From all across the country have declared their support of America's
> National Parks through generous contributions.

\-\-\-\--. The National Parks Pass

[**https://buy.nationalparks.org/default.asp**](https://buy.nationalparks.org/default.asp)?

Provides admission into any National Park requiring an entry fee and is
valid for one year.

> \-\-\-\--. Golden Access, Age and Eagle
>
> [**https://buy.nationalparks.org/golden.asp**](https://buy.nationalparks.org/golden.asp)
>
> The Golden Age Passport (for citizens or permanent residents of the US
> who are 62 or older); The Golden Access Passport (
>
> for citizens or permanent residents of the United States who are blind
> or permanently disabled); and The Golden Eagle for an additional \$15,
> a Golden Eagle hologram may be purchased and affixed to a National
> Parks Pass to cover entrance fees at not only national parks, but also
> at sites managed by the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the U. S.
> Forest Service, and the Bureau of Land Management.

## **National Parks Conservation Association (NPCA)**

[**http://npca.org**](http://npca.org/)

Americans for National Parks is [**a diverse
coalition**](http://www.npca.org/across_the_nation/americansfornationalparks/about/coalition.asp)
of nonprofit organizations, businesses, trade associations, government
agencies, individuals, and other nonpartisan supporters of the national
parks.

## **\-\-\-\--. National Park Business Plan Initiative (BPI). BPI up Close: Design and Process **[*http://www.npca.org/across_the_nation/americansfornationalparks/learn_more/park_data/design_and_process.asp*](http://www.npca.org/across_the_nation/americansfornationalparks/learn_more/park_data/design_and_process.asp)

> Graduate students with a business background and technical training in
> financial and business management from some of the leading graduate
> programs in the country are at the center of BPI design. They identify
> and evaluate the standards used by the park for operations, resource
> protection, visitor services, routine maintenance, and administration.

## **\-\-\-\--. Park Planning** [*http://www.npca.org/take_action/park_planning/default.asp*](http://www.npca.org/take_action/park_planning/default.asp)

> From the protection of endangered species to increased parking,
> everything that the National Park Service does in a national park is
> the result of park planning. The National Parks invites members and
> friends of the Public Parks to take part in that planning and make an
> impact on the future of our nation\'s parks.

National Recreation and Park Association

[**http://www.nrpa.org/**](http://www.nrpa.org/)

To advance parks, recreation and environmental conservation efforts that
enhance the quality of life for all people.

## **Project for Public Places(PPS) **[*http://www.pps.org/*](http://www.pps.org/)

PPS has an international reputation for its work on the design and
management of public spaces. A non-profit, PPS was founded in 1975 to
continue the pioneering work of writer-sociologist William H. Whyte. PPS
has helped over 1,000 communities in 44 states and 12 countries improve
their parks, markets, streets, transit stations, libraries and countless
other public spaces.

> \-\-\-\--. Management\
> [**http://www.pps.org/upo/info/management/**](http://www.pps.org/upo/info/management/)
>
> Strategies, tips, case studies and more, from parks departments and
> nonprofits who have developed innovative - and often entrepreneurial -
> ways to deal with management issues.
>
> \-\-\-\--. Planning, Design & Implementation Services\
> [**http://www.pps.org/info/services/planning**](http://www.pps.org/info/services/planning)\
> PPS both retrofits public spaces and plans new spaces, with special
> emphasis on user analysis and Programming, community envisioning and
> consensus building, conceptual designs and guidelines, design review
> and program evaluations master planning/urban design plans/site
> planning, management programs and amenity and art selection

En publicaciones periódicas

Además de la información que se encuentra disponible en Internet, el IRC
cuenta con acceso a bases de datos que ofrecen el texto completo de más
de 10.000 publicaciones periódicas. Estos son, a modo de ejemplo,
algunos artículos recientes sobre la legislación de la Propiedad
Intelectual en los Estados Unidos.

*Recreational Fee Demonstration Program Progress Report to Congress
Fiscal Year 2003.* **U.S. Department of the Interior. National Park
Service, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Bureau of Land Management and
U. S. Department of Agriculture. Forest Service. May 2004. 133 pages.**

**<http://www.doi.gov/nrl/Recfees/fy_03.pdf>\
**Since 1996, the National Park Service has collected over \$867 million
in recreation fees under an experimental initiative the "Recreational
Fee Demonstration Program" in which the Congress authorized four federal
land management agencies -- the National Park Service, the Fish and
Wildlife Service, the Bureau of Land Management and the Forest Service -
to charge fees to visitors.

## **Managing Visitors' Perceptions**, by Catherine Dorwarth, Yu-Fai Leung and Roger Moore. May 2004 In: Parks & Recreation. *Vol. 39 Issue 5, p24, 7p.*

**Discusses issues concerning managing perceptions of how a park visitor
perceives recreation resource impacts. Obligation of park managers to
natural resources; Focus in the management of parks; Factors that
influence experiences of *visitors*; Importance of knowing the
perceptions of visitors to the parks management\'s selection of resource
and identification of social impact indicators***.*

[EbscoHost Online Database]{.underline}

*NPS Servicio Nacional de Parques: Cooperación y Administración a favor
de la Excelencia 2003.* **U.S. Department of the Interior. National Park
Service. 22 de abril de 2002, 40 páginas.** (Spanish Language).

[**http://www.doi.gov/doipress/spanish/nps.pdf**](http://www.doi.gov/doipress/spanish/nps.pdf)\
El Servicio Nacional de Parques ha establecido un conjunto de criterios
que deben cumplir las propiedades históricas para ser elegidas o
inscritas en el Registro Nacional. Los criterios del Registro Nacional
para evaluar el significado de los lugares históricos se basan en
reconocer los logros de todos los grupos humanos que han contribuido a
la historia y el patrimonio de nuestro país.

*El Registro Nacional de Lugares Históricos.* U.S. Department of the
Interior, National Park Service National Register, History and Education
(Spanish Language)\
**<http://www.cr.nps.gov/nr/publications/bulletins/spanishbrochure/index.htm#evaluating>\
E**l Registro Nacional de Lugares Históricos (National Register of
Historic Places) es la lista oficial de los lugares históricos de la
nación y documenta cada propiedad proveyendo una descripción física del
lugar, información sobre su historia y significado, una bibliografía,
fotografías y mapas. Su colección es de acceso público y está
administrada por el Servicio Nacional de Parques.

Management Policies 2001. **U.S. Department of the Interior. National
Park Service. December 2000, 141 pages.**

[**http://www.nps.gov/policy/mp/policies.pdf**](http://www.nps.gov/policy/mp/policies.pdf)

Indispensable tool to help Service employees manage parks responsibly
and make rational, well-informed decisions. Concerned citizens may also
refer to these policies to better understand how the Service will meet
its park management responsibilities under the 1916 NPS Organic Act \"to
conserve the scenery and the natural and historic objects and the wild
life therein and to provide for the enjoyment of the same in such manner
and by such means as will leave them unimpaired for the enjoyment of
future generations.\"

Strategic Plan Fiscal Year 2001-2005. U. S. Department of the Interior.
National Park Service. August 2000. 52 pages.

**[http://planning.nps.gov/document/NPS%5Fstrategic%5Fplan%2Epdf](http://planning.nps.gov/document/NPS_strategic_plan.pdf)\
**Provides the agency's framework and process for strategic planning and
reporting on measurable outcomes, focusing on the results achieved
rather than on the amount of effort expended. It integrates the
Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA) requirements into its
planning, budget, reporting, and evaluation processes.

*Volunteer-based recreation land management*, **by** **Robert S.
Bristow. In: [Parks & Recreation]{.underline}. August 1998.**
Vol.33, Iss. 8;  pg. 70, 7 pages.

A partnership between public agencies and the local concerned citizens
can be useful for the protection and inspection of large, undeveloped
park properties. A look at how the Appalachian Trail Conference and the
National Park Service have implemented such a program is presented.

[Proquest Online Database]{.underline}

## 

Como realizar consultas

Si desea consultar los libros, revistas o bases de datos disponibles en
el Centro, o necesita asistencia para localizar información sobre los
temas de Estados Unidos antes mencionados, sírvase comunicarse de lunes
a viernes de 9:00 a 17: 30hs por el teléfono 418 77 77 int. 2166 //
2164, por el fax 413 05 14, o por correo electrónico a:
[**ircmvd@state.gov**](mailto:ircmvd@state.gov). El acceso es con cita
previa

Los servicios del IRC están destinados a instituciones, tanto
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Para las personas que residen en el interior del país, el IRC recibe y
responde consultas por correo electrónico, teléfono, fax o correo
postal.

Centro de Documentación

Embajada de los Estados Unidos de América

Lauro Muller 1776. CP 11200 Montevideo, Uruguay

Tel 418 77 77 \*2166, \*2164 Fax 413 05 14

[http://uruguay.usembassy.gov](http://uruguay.usembassy.gov/)

E-mail: <ircmvd@state.gov>

##