Required Report - public distribution

**Date:** 8/12/2004

**GAIN Report Number:** PL4028

PL4028

**Poland**

**Exporter Guide**

**Annual**

**2004**

**Approved by:**

![](media/image1.wmf)Wayne Molstad, Agricultural Counselor

U.S. Embassy

**Prepared by:**

Jolanta Figurska, Marketing Specialist

Natalia Koniuszewska, Agricultural Specialist

Charlene Kastanek, Agricultural Intern

**Report Highlights:**

Poland\'s GDP rose 3.8 percent in CY2003 and 1.3 percent in CY2002.
Experts predict 2004 GDP to increase approximately 5.4 percent.
Inflation in CY2003 dropped to 0.7 percent from 2 percent in 2002, while
unemployment fell slightly from 18.1 percent in 2002 to 18.0 percent in
2003. Despite economic difficulties, the modernizing food retail sector
continues to expand. Food trade, predominantly between Poland and the
EU, has risen significantly in recent years and is expected to continue
to grow. There are selective prospects for U.S. food and beverages sold
directly to Poland or indirectly via Western Europe.

Includes PSD Changes: No

Includes Trade Matrix: No

Unscheduled Report

Warsaw \[PL1\]

\[PL\]

Table of Contents

[**Executive Summary 3**](#executive-summary)

[I. Market Overview 4](#i.-market-overview)

[Table I: Poland Agricultural Trade
4](#table-i-poland-agricultural-trade)

[Table II: Polish Agriculture Product Trade by Country
5](#table-ii-polish-agriculture-product-trade-by-country)

[Market indicators: 6](#market-indicators)

[Supplier Strengths/Weaknesses - Market Opportunities and Competitive
Threats
7](#supplier-strengthsweaknesses---market-opportunities-and-competitive-threats)

[II. Exporter Business Tips 8](#ii.-exporter-business-tips)

[Local Business Customs/Practices 8](#local-business-customspractices)

[Consumer Tastes and Preferences 8](#consumer-tastes-and-preferences)

[Buyer Customs and Preferences 8](#buyer-customs-and-preferences)

[Food Standards/Regulations and Import/Inspection Procedures
9](#food-standardsregulations-and-importinspection-procedures)

[Product designation 10](#product-designation)

[Composition 10](#composition)

[Net weight 10](#net-weight)

[Durability 10](#durability)

[Other labeling requirements 10](#other-labeling-requirements)

[FOOD ADDITIVES REGULATIONS 10](#food-additives-regulations)

[III. Market Sector Structure and Trends
12](#iii.-market-sector-structure-and-trends)

[Wholesale Sector 12](#wholesale-sector)

[Retail Sector 12](#retail-sector)

[Food Processing Sector 13](#food-processing-sector)

[Hotel, Restaurant & Institutional Sector
13](#hotel-restaurant-institutional-sector)

[IV. Best High-Value Product Prospects
15](#iv.-best-high-value-product-prospects)

[V. Key Contacts and Further Information
16](#v.-key-contacts-and-further-information)

[U.S. BASED MULTIPLIERS RELEVANT FOR POLAND
16](#u.s.-based-multipliers-relevant-for-poland)

[POLAND GOVERNMENT AGENCIES 17](#poland-government-agencies)

[POLAND TRADE INSTITUTES/ASSOCIATIONS/CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
18](#poland-trade-institutesassociationschamber-of-commerce)

[Trade Shows in Poland: 21](#trade-shows-in-poland)

[APPENDIX 1. STATISTICS 23](#appendix-1.-statistics)

[A. KEY TRADE & DEMOGRAPHIC INFORMATION
23](#a.-key-trade-demographic-information)

[B. CONSUMER FOOD & EDIBLE FISHERY PRODUCT IMPORTS
24](#b.-consumer-food-edible-fishery-product-imports)

[C. TOP 15 SUPPLIERS OF CONSUMER FOODS & EDIBLE FISHERY PRODUCTS
24](#c.-top-15-suppliers-of-consumer-foods-edible-fishery-products)

# Executive Summary

The retail industry food sector is the most vibrant sector of the
economy since free-market restructuring and privatization began in the
early 90s. Agricultural products like snack foods, beverages, fast food,
and ice cream oriented toward young consumers below the age of 24 will
remain in high demand, as this age group comprises 32.7 percent of the
population. Food and beverage purchases accounted for 39 percent of
total consumer spending in CY2003.

[]{.mark}

Poland's GDP growth of 3.8 percent in CY2003 was up from 1.4 percent in
CY2002. Experts predict 2004 GDP growth at approximately 5.4 percent*.*
Inflation in CY2003 dropped to 0.7 percent from 2 percent in 2002.
Unemployment dropped slightly from 18.1 percent in 2002 to 18.0 percent
at the end of 2003. Total exports in CY2003 are valued at \$53.6
billion, up US \$13.5 billion from the previous year, and showing a
growth of US \$24 billion since 2000. Imports in CY2003 were valued at
US \$68 billion, increasing US \$13.9 billion dollars from 2002. Import
growth is expected to continue to increase over the next few years.
Economists predict that imports will rise by 6.5 percent in 2004 while
imports only rose by 3.3 percent in 2003.

[]{.mark}

The agriculture sector experienced an output increase of an estimated
one percent in 2003. Crop production increased an estimated one percent
due to a slight increase in acreage of grain and potatoes and variable
precipitation. Livestock production increased at a rate of one percent
as well, as a result of an increase in poultry production that was great
enough to compensate for the decreases in beef and swine production.
Lower harvests occurred in cereals, potatoes, and oilseeds, while feed
production increased dramatically.

[]{.mark}

Estimates for MY2004 show that red meat output will decrease overall;
beef production is expected to decline 4 percent while pork production
is expected to decline 7 percent. The expected decrease in beef
production is attributed to a decrease in the calf crop caused by
reduced inventories of dairy cows in 2003, and a decrease in cow
slaughter. Pork production is expected to be down due to growing prices
for feed grains resulting from reduced 2003 output and limited imports.
Total grain output is expected to increase by about 12 percent from last
year due to favorable growing conditions.

The positive agricultural trade balance for CY2003 amounted to US\$ 506
million with imports valued at US\$ 4 billion and exports at US\$ 4.5
billion. The EU continues to be the largest supplier of agricultural
products to Poland (52 percent) and the largest market for Polish
agricultural exports (51 percent).

Total US exports of agriculture, fishery, and forestry products to
Poland in CY2003 amounted to \$91.6 million, decreasing from \$99.1
million in CY2002. Leading U.S. agricultural exports in 2003 were red
meat and offals (\$17.7 million) followed by fresh fruits (\$9.8
million), frozen or chilled fish and crustaceans (\$6.9 million), and
processed fruit products (\$3.4 million). U.S. poultry meat entering
Poland has primarily been for transit to the east

(\$27 million).

As of May 1, 2004, Poland has become a member of the European Union.
This means that all goods moving between Poland and the EU are duty
free. All goods exported to Poland are subject to the EU external tariff
rate. The EU accession has resulted in lowered tariffs on some products,
which has expanded market growth potential in some areas. Given the
tariff rates on US products, product origin and brand name emphasis in
marketing will become even more critical in introducing or maintaining
market-share.

After Poland\'s EU-25 accession most of the previously used product
certificates were amended in order to reflect EU regulations. For
detailed information on product import certificates please refer to the
"Food and Agricultural Regulations and Standards Report" (PL4024)
available via Internet at the following address: www.fas.usda.gov at
attaché reports link.

# I. Market Overview 

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) into the food, drink and tobacco sectors
of the economy increased from US\$ 6.06 billion in CY2002 to US\$ 6.25
in CY2003. The increase in FDI inflow also brought about a higher GDP
increase, at 3.8 percent in CY2003, compared to 1.4 percent in CY2002.
Overall, the public finance situation appears to be improving. The state
budget's revenue increased 6.4 percent, while expenditures only
increased 3.4 percent in 2003. Expenditures decreased when compared to
the 5.8 percent increase in 2002. This is the result of the Polish
government's attempts to cut back on total state budget expenditures. A
decrease in domestic demand due to strict monetary policy is commonly
blamed for the slow down. With some experts predicting that the world
economy will recover, Poland's GDP is expected to grow around 5.4
percent in 2004.

Foreign companies have invested close to US\$ 534 billion dollars in
Poland over the last decade, with the annual amount in CY2002 decreasing
27 percent compared to CY2001. The Polish Agency for Foreign Investment
(PAIZ) indicates that 75 percent of the capital invested supported three
economic sectors including manufacturing (40.0%), financial
intermediation (23.3%), and \"trade and repairs\" (11.7%).

Significant policy changes have been taking place in light of
free-market economic restructuring, including introduction of new
regulations, in line with EU requirements, which promote product
recycling. Some products are increasingly subject to higher EU duties
related to the EU's WTO case against the U.S. regarding tax treatment of
Foreign Sales Corporations (for more information please see the FAS USEU
Brussels Report: "EU Sanctions on US exports in WTO FSC case enter into
force March 1 2004" (E24040) available online at:
http://www.fas.usda.gov/gainfiles/200403/146105613.pdf).

The Polish economy will increasingly become integrated with a new
expanded EU-25 internal market. Only select U.S. products have prospects
with the U.S. 2002 consumer oriented agricultural product Polish import
market share at 3 percent.

### Table I: Poland Agricultural Trade

  --------------------------- -------------- ------------- ------------- -------------- ------------- -------------
  **Polish Agri-Food Trade                                                                            
  with the World**                                                                                    

  **Group/Commodities**       **Export (US\$                             **Import (US\$               
                              thousands)**                               thousands)**                 

                              **2001**       **2002**      **2003**      **2001**       **2002**      **2003**

  **I. Animal Products**                                                                               

  **A. Live Animals (1-4)**   119792         138626        169755        39347          44359         43484

  1\. Horses                  38057          32039         41953         4487           2477          4109

  2\. Cattle                  70613          94480         107763        768            10338         9118

  3\. Sheep                   5735           4887          5681          0              33            186

  4\. Other                   5387           7218          14358         34092          31511         3007

  **B. Processed Products     721299         682351        1043571       135741         166305        182558
  (5-11)**                                                                                            

  5\. Red Meat &Offals        138885         166645        306707        38413          75237         86455

  6\. Poultry Meat & Offals   106381         128295        243756        23308          21870         19459

  7\. Meat Products           88053          94078         110456        8188           10187         10178

  8\. Animal Fats             9045           8155          12921         8406           8639          9365

  9\. Milk, Cream, &          265833         181109        215638        36506          27429         26031
  Ice-Cream                                                                                           

  10\. Butter                 25426          17444         21312         5377           6568          10345

  11\. Cheeses & Curds        87677          89625         132782        15544          16376         20726

  12\. Other Animal Products  53885          75076         137733        102374         111916        151681

  **C. Other**                214508         226032        296682        355130         321151        369090

  13\. Fish & Crustaceans     133128         124478        179324        323035         281656        322947

  14\. Fish Products          81380          101553        117358        32096          39495         46143

  **Total I (1-14)**          1109484        1122085       1647741       632592         643731        746813

  **II. Crop Products**                                                                                

  **D. Raw Materials**        287777         353357        507260        886791         844936        948501

  15\. Cereals                2215           65044         70322         173452         114047        120395

  16\. Oilseeds               67030          9587          3584          47354          52070         64656

  17\. Fresh Potatoes         2680           4309          12527         9024           12868         7578

  18\. Fresh Fruits           79116          107941        150981        482897         479828        551838

  19\. Fresh Vegetables       96172          120885        205216        95873          97621         99871

  20\. Flowers                40564          45590         64630         78190          88501         104165

  **E. Processed Products     1039103        1135773       1470074       905419         949411        1087840
  (21-29)**                                                                                           

  21\. Vegetable Fats & Oils  24301          17867         19015         168417         193396        239315

  22\. Cereal Milling         6122           7861          12384         29006          28574         35344
  Products                                                                                            

  23\. Cakes & Meals          29015          23504         21815         316387         323237        356831

  24\. Starch, Croups, Malt   32336          37440         49337         66638          53872         62513

  25\. White Sugar            81571          50374         98619         18324          26191         21396

  26\. Molasses               24379          25191         24739         18             9             35

  27\. Confectionery          200178         220016        270215        112211         126880        147277

  28\. Fruit Products         379838         475579        631051        123497         127162        147417

  29\. Vegetable Products     261363         277940        342900        70920          70090         77712

  30\. Other Crop Products    278463         365043        499751        340956         376668        434936

  **Total II (15-30)**        1605343        1854173       2477084       2133165        2171015       2471278

  **III. Other Products**                                                                              

  31\. Coffee, Cocoa, Tea     120702         117599        142616        333332         365385        481764

  32\. Tobacco & Preparations 80709          49051         83037         119935         195428        67241

  33\. Spirits & Alcoholic    49429          57793         68832         94753          104706        129590
  Drinks                                                                                              

  34\. Water & Non-Alcoholic  11736          21865         28068         18293          12965         22127
  Drinks                                                                                              

  35\. Other                  52679          62503         71255         73925          82427         94083

  **Total III (31-35)**       315255         308811        393808        640238         760911        794805

  **Total (I+II+III)**        **3030082**    **3285069**   **4518633**   **3405995**    **3575657**   **4012896**
  --------------------------- -------------- ------------- ------------- -------------- ------------- -------------

Source: Foundation of Assistance Programs for Agriculture (FAPA) based
on data from the Central Institution of Foreign Trade

### Table II: Polish Agriculture Product Trade by Country 

  --------------- ------------- ------------ ------------- ------------- ------------ -------------
  **USD Million**                                                                     

                  **2002**                                 **2003**                   

  **Countries**   **Total                                  **Total                    
                  Agriculture                              Agriculture                
                  Products**                               Products**                 

                  **Export**    **Import**   **Balance**   **Export**    **Import**   **Balance**

  Germany         777.8         483.9        293.9         1,136.7       542.8        593.9

  Russia          280.4         41.5         238.9         360           37           323

  The Netherlands 190.2         371          -180.8        269           395.7        -126.7

  Czech Republic  179.1         135.8        43.3          229           156.6        72.4

  United Kingdom  136.4         54.8         81.6          203.6         69.2         134.4

  Italy           151.1         163.3        -12.2         193.8         200.4        -6.6

  United States   150.8         99.4         51.4          171.4         92.1         79.3

  Lithuania       122.2         8.1          114.1         163           20.5         142.5

  Ukraine         123.2         35.8         87.4          161.4         42           119.4

  France          86            148          -62           131.2         173.2        -42

  Hungary         87.6          120.1        -32.5         119.4         125.5        -6.1

  Denmark         78.4          122.7        -44.3         103.8         124.9        -21.1
  --------------- ------------- ------------ ------------- ------------- ------------ -------------

**Source:** Calculations of FAS Warsaw based on data from the Global
Trade Atlas

## Market indicators:

-   Poland's population of 38.6 million is relatively dispersed.
    Although 62 percent of the population can be classified as urban,
    only 42 percent reside in cities of over 100,000 inhabitants. The
    population is very young with 50 percent under the age of 34. The
    age groups 30-44 and 45-64 are the largest population groups with 21
    percent and 24 percent respectively.

-   Average monthly gross wages in 2003 were 2,389 PLN (USD 661.77)

-   The household consumption expenditure rate in CY2003 grew 3.1
    percent from CY2002 (constant prices). In 2002, the average monthly
    expenditures of households per capita was 625 PLN, of which food and
    non-alcoholic beverages consisted of 185 PLN.

-   In 2003, food and non-alcoholic beverages accounted for 39 percent
    of household expenditures.

-   Real gross average income for CY2003 was up by 1.69 percent.

-   Unemployment has begun to decrease slightly in Poland with the
    figure reaching 18.0 percent at the end of 2003, down one-tenth of
    one percent from 2002. Unemployment is most likely starting to
    decrease due to the increase in foreign demand as a result of the
    May 1, 2004 accession of Poland to the EU. Young people in the 18-24
    age bracket constitute 28 percent of the total jobless workforce as
    of 2002.

-   Of the approximately 14.9 million people employed in Poland, 26.1
    percent work in the public sector and the remaining 73.9 percent in
    the private sector. The workforce is diversified with 38.8 percent
    of women economically active.

-   Approximately 29.2 percent of the population works directly in the
    agriculture, forestry and fishery sectors.

-   A trend toward smaller families is becoming more apparent in
    Poland's 13.3 million households, 68 percent house three persons or
    less.

## Supplier Strengths/Weaknesses - Market Opportunities and Competitive Threats

+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
| **Advantages**                    | **Challenges**                    |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
| Central Europe's most populous    | Distance from the U.S. Hence      |
| country with domestic consumer    | higher transportation costs       |
| market of nearly 40 million       | versus the European suppliers.    |
| people.                           |                                   |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
| A strategic location within a     | Complicated system of product     |
| dense, major international        | registration in some cases        |
| market. Offering re-export        | delaying or even preventing the   |
| potential.                        | product from entering the Polish  |
|                                   | market.                           |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
| Country continuously moving       | Poland's EU Accession puts U.S.   |
| towards open market economy.      | products at a competitive         |
|                                   | challenge versus EU-25 duty free  |
|                                   | EU internally traded products.    |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
| A very productive, young and      | Food recalls in the EU could      |
| skilled labor force. Potential    | potentially have a negative       |
| for finding trading partners and  | impact on Polish consumers views  |
| favorable conditions for          | of imported products. GMO issues  |
| establishing joint ventures and   | can hamper imports of U.S.        |
| local production.                 | products as well.                 |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
| Polish consumers associate U.S.   | []{.mark}                         |
| products with good quality.       |                                   |
|                                   | An additional ad valorem tariff   |
|                                   | was put into place by the EU as   |
|                                   | part of its WTO case against      |
|                                   | non-agricultural U.S. trade       |
|                                   | policies. This tariff is only     |
|                                   | applied to certain goods (i.e.    |
|                                   | dried cranberries), and increases |
|                                   | by 1 percent each month until it  |
|                                   | reaches its maximum at 16 percent |
|                                   | in March of 2005, when it will be |
|                                   | up for review again.              |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
| []{.mark}                         | Foreign investment in the Polish  |
|                                   | food processing industry results  |
| Market niches exist in consumer   | in local production of many high  |
| ready food products - i.e.        | quality products, which were      |
| microwavable products.            | previously imported.              |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
| Economic growth has been rising   | Polish importers when conducting  |
| with a strengthening Polish vs.   | imports are very reluctant to use |
| U.S. currency exchange rate.      | Letter of Credit and prepayments  |
|                                   | as forms of payment. Establishing |
|                                   | a Letter of Credit in bank in     |
|                                   | Poland is costly. In many cases,  |
|                                   | U.S. competitors (e.g. suppliers  |
|                                   | from the EU-25) are very willing  |
|                                   | to give credit terms even to      |
|                                   | first time customers, at times in |
|                                   | cases of smaller Polish importers |
|                                   | first order is done on prepayment |
|                                   | terms.                            |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+

# II. Exporter Business Tips

## Local Business Customs/Practices

-   It is customary for business people in Poland to shake hands upon
    meeting. An American businesswoman should not be surprised if a
    Polish business man kisses her hand upon meeting or saying goodbye,
    however, it is not necessary for American businessmen to kiss the
    hand of Polish businesswomen.

-   Business cards are the norm in Poland and are generally given to
    each person at a meeting. U.S. visitors should bring plenty of
    business cards to a meeting. Cards printed in Polish are not
    necessary.

-   Business attire is formal, including a suit and tie for men and a
    suit or dress for women. Casual wear is suitable for informal
    occasions, but more formal dress is usually customary for visiting
    or entertainment in the evening.

## Consumer Tastes and Preferences

The issues of BSE and FMD along with GMO issues have more Polish
consumers concerned about the safety of the food in their own country
along with imports of food from other countries. Until recently, Polish
consumers did not focus on these issues and their concern has still not
reached the level of their western European counterparts. However, this
is not to say that the concern for food safety among Polish consumers is
non-existent. Concerns over beef rose following Poland's first confirmed
BSE case in May 2002; 17 total confirmed Polish BSE cases since then.

-   Due to the difficult economic situation for many Polish families, 88
    percent of Poles are price-sensitive; many shops provide a
    relatively large variety of low-cost products and few high end
    products.

-   Consumers do consider expiration dates for products.

-   Advertising in Poland is crucial. Television is believed to be the
    best medium in Poland, with products advertised through television
    promotions showing the greatest sales growth of all advertised
    products. Billboards and in-store promotions are also proving very
    effective.

-   Promotions on products influence the purchases of 50 percent of
    adult Poles. Advertising influences forty-two percent of students'
    purchasing decisions.

It is estimated that only 5-10 percent of the Polish population can be
considered rich while 20-25 percent constitutes the emerging middle
class. The remaining 65-75 percent is considered poor or with little
purchasing power. The urban population (62 percent) has a much higher
level of purchasing power compared to the rural population.

## Buyer Customs and Preferences

-   A recent trend indicates improvement in the consumers' image of
    Polish produced products compared to Western imported products.
    Although country origin is not as influential on purchasing
    decisions as previous years; youth, people with higher education,
    and owners of companies tend to prefer western products. Polish
    customers especially favor products originating from the U.S.

-   Although becoming more liberal, Polish buyers generally prefer not
    to make a purchase until they have met with the seller face-to-face.
    Transactions are usually on term payments (extended), but
    prepayments are also accepted; i.e. at the onset of cooperation.

-   With limited access to capital and high interest rates, Polish
    buyers seldom purchase products at an initial meeting and prefer to
    discuss the product's technical parameters before negotiating price.

-   Many companies with foreign participation have invested in human
    capital, which has improved contract negotiation processes. However,
    the decision process by most Polish firms is lengthy; going through
    rounds of negotiations along with arranging financing before making
    a final decision.

-   Many of the U.S. companies in Poland form joint ventures with Polish
    companies, which handle the trade but share the risks and rewards.

## Food Standards/Regulations and Import/Inspection Procedures

LABELING REQUIREMENTS

**General requirements**

General rules on the labeling, presentation and advertising of
foodstuffs marketed in the EU can be found in the European Parliament
and Council Directive 2000/13/EC + corrigendum (English version of Annex
III). This directive consolidates general labeling directive 79/112/EEC
and all its amendments in a single text. It applies to food products
intended for supply to food retail and foodservice. ()

Polish legislation closely follows EU legislation. The basic law on food
labeling was published in the December 16, 2002 Polish Journal of Law
(Link in Polish language only) and can be located at
http://www.abc.com.pl/serwis/du/2002/1856.htm

The basic law was updated in order to reflect additional EU regulations
(Journal of Law no. 58 pos. 563 dtd. April 18, 2004) on March 29, 2004
and can be located at http://www.abc.com.pl/serwis/du/2004/0563.htm

All food products entering the Polish market must have Polish language
labeling. Normally **all pre-packaged foods** intended for the final
consumer or catering establishments must be labeled according to the
general rules prior to entering the Polish market. **Please note that
there are no exceptions to label regulations.**

**Name and** **address**

> Name and address of the producer.

**Country of origin**

> Must be declared, if exclusion of that information can mislead the
> consumer as to where the product originates.

# Product designation

> The designation must describe the product in a proper way or maybe a
> name stated by law. A fantasy name or a trademark cannot replace the
> product designation. Pictures or claims regarding a certain component
> as well as naming of specific ingredients in the product designation
> requires a quantitative declaration of that ingredient either in
> accordance with the product designation or on the ingredients list.

# Composition

> The composition of a food must be declared as an ingredients list,
> listing all ingredients used in the order of falling weight at the
> time of production. Some groups of ingredients, e.g. vegetable oils,
> can be declared by a group name. Allowed group names are defined in
> the labeling regulations. Composite ingredients well known to
> consumers, e.g. margarine need not be specified, if the content is
> below 25% of the total weight of the product.
>
> Some categories of foods are exempt from declaring a list of
> ingredients e.g. alcoholic beverages.

# Net weight

> Net content (weight or volume) must be stated in the metric system.
> Drained net weight should be stated as well when appropriate. Number
> of pieces can be stated as well.

# Durability

> The durability must be stated by best before/best before end date
> ("najlepiej spożyć przed"). Very perishable foods must be marked with
> last day of consumption ("należy spożyc do"). The durability
> statements must be followed by storage instructions and instructions
> for use, if it is necessary in order to ensure correct use and
> storage.

# Other labeling requirements

**The Polish label or stick-on label** must be applied prior to retail
sale or sale to catering establishments. Before that, there are no
labeling requirements.

More information on food standards and regulations along with general
import and inspection procedures can be found in the latest FAS/Warsaw
report on Poland- "Food and Agricultural Import Regulations and
Standards (PL4024);" online: www.fas.usda.gov -attaché reports.

## FOOD ADDITIVES REGULATIONS

Polish food additive regulations are primarily based on common
regulations within the European Community. Poland, as in other EU
countries, is allowed to conduct a separate procedure for approval of
particular ingredients within its territory. Currently there is only one
such case of a new sweetener "neotame", which is allowed in Poland but
not in the rest of EU countries.

Four major EC-directives on the use of additives and the labeling rules
are implemented in Polish food additive regulations. These are the
directives governing colors, sweeteners, flavors and miscellaneous food
additives and in addition the labeling directive. The EC regulation also
provides requirements as to identity and purity of approved food
additives.

1\. European Parliament and Council Directive 94/35/EC on sweeteners for
use in foodstuffs. The annex to this directive lists maximum usable
doses for sweeteners in selected foodstuffs.

2\. European Parliament and Council Directive 94/36/EC on colors for use
in foodstuffs.

Annex I: List of permitted food colors. Only substances listed in this
annex may be used

Annex II: Foodstuffs, which may not contain added colors.

Annex III: Foodstuffs to which only certain permitted colors may be
added.

Annex IV: Colors permitted for certain uses only.

Annex V: Colors permitted in general and the conditions of use. Colors
permitted following the "quantum satis" principle (no maximum specified)
are listed in the Appendix.

3\. European Parliament and Council Directive 95/2/EC, as amended, the
so-called miscellaneous additives directive on food additives other than
colors and sweeteners.

Annex I: List of food additives permitted for use in foodstuffs (excl.
those listed in Annex II) following the \"quantum satis\" principle.

Annex II: List of foodstuffs in which only a limited number of additives
of Annex I may be used. These include cocoa and chocolate products,
fruit juices and nectars, jam and jelly, dehydrated milk and cream,
fruits and vegetables, rice, oils and fats, certain cheeses, minced
meat, bread and pasta, wines and beer.

Annex III: List of conditionally permitted preservatives and
antioxidants.

Annex IV: List of other permitted additives.

Annex V: List of permitted carriers and carrier solvents.

Annex VI: List of additives permitted in foods for infants and young
children.

All three of these directives and their lists can be downloaded from the
FAS/USEU web page www.useu.be/agri/additive.html.

Labeling requirements for additives and flavorings are laid down in
Directive 2001/13/EC (general labeling directive), Regulation 50/2000/EC
(GM additives) and Directive 89/107/EEC.

**- The Polish Positive Additive**

Poland uses a positive-additives list, which identifies additives that
are permitted for use in foodstuffs. Poland's Ministry of Health and
Social Welfare approved a new regulation (Journal of Law no. 94 dated
April 30, 2004) on food additives on April 23, 2004. The above-mentioned
law does not include working regulations (actual positive additive list)
which are to be prepared on a later date. This particular regulation has
been one of the most difficult obstacles facing imported products.
According to the Polish authorities the new list is in line with the
current EU regulations. **Please note:** As each EU member state at
times introduces slight variations to allowable food additives it is
vital for all U.S. exporters to check with the potential Polish
importers whether the product intended for the Polish market meets all
the ingredient requirements.

The following institutions are directly involved in inspecting food
additive levels in imported products:

Ministry of Health and Social Welfare - preparation of legal
documentation

Warsaw Sanitary Station - SANEPID - tests & check ups

National Food and Nutrition Institute - legal work & check ups

Labeling of food additives in foods shall consist of a category
designation followed by the specific name or the E-number of the
additive used. The category designations are defined in the labeling
directive and implemented in the Polish labeling regulation. The
specific names and E-numbers of the food additives are specified in the
directives and in Polish Positive Food Additives List.

# III. Market Sector Structure and Trends

## Wholesale Sector

The wholesale market has changed over the last several years including
consolidation, strengthening of large buyers, companies with national
coverage, and a strengthening of ties between wholesaler and retailer.

Poland's wholesale market structure has five categories: national
chains, regional chains, regional wholesalers, local wholesalers, and
buying groups (consisting of regional chains and regional wholesalers).

-   The national chains, the least numerous groups, operate several
    branches throughout Poland with central management.

-   The regional chains have grown through the purchasing of bankrupt
    firms. They are territorial, usually in several voivodships
    (provinces), and supply mainly retailers.

-   Regional wholesalers have a strong presence in local markets
    offering a wide range of products and improved service.

-   Local wholesalers are feeling the pressure of the larger firms in
    the industry and mainly deal in cash and carry.

-   Buyer groups operate in several market segments and are increasing
    their integration with many retailers.

-   The larger businesses in this sector are firms with foreign or mixed
    capital. The largest is the Macro Cash and Carry, owned by German
    Metro. Macro is followed by Eurocash JMB Polska, Milo and McClane
    International (USA).

## Retail Sector 

The distribution system for consumer ready food products, as with all
other branches of the Polish economy, is still undergoing a rapid
transformation. It should be noted that despite many obstacles (e.g.,
high cost of credit, high store rents, late payments from retailers), it
remains one of the most active areas of the Polish economy. The
distribution system for consumer ready products in Poland is very
diversified. It ranges from small family operated stores, through medium
sized stores to big western style distribution centers.

-   Foreign investors are very active in retailing. There are now over
    186 hypermarkets nationwide along with many super-stores.

-   There are approximately 30.9 shops per 10,000 inhabitants.

-   According to Polish analysts big retailing chains will gain control
    of as much as 80 % of the Polish market within the next five years.

For more information on the Polish retail sector refer to FAS Warsaw
Post Country report on Retail Food Sector (PL3045), which is available
via the Internet at the following web site: www.fas.usda.gov - in
attaché report directory.

## 

## Food Processing Sector

Results of 2003 production show that the most dynamically growing
sectors of the food processing industry are products such as beverages,
fruit juices and drinks, confectionary, food concentrates, oils and
margarine, processed poultry, cheeses, milk drinks, and beer. The
proportion of food industry products considered to be "value added" is
constantly increasing.

For more detailed information on Poland's processing sector refer to FAS
Warsaw Post Country report on Food Processing Sector (PL3002), which is
available via Internet at the following web site: www.fas.usda.gov -
attaché reports directory.

## Hotel, Restaurant & Institutional Sector

Until the early 1990s, the Polish hotel and restaurant sector was
dominated by the state-owned company, "Orbis." The transition to a
market economy saw the emergence of many new private hotels and
restaurants. Poland's population of nearly 40 million people along with
nearly 14 million visitors each year has maintained steady demand for
this growing sector.

-   With more Poles working longer hours, Polish eating habits have also
    been altered and eating out is not uncommon any more.

-   Besides favoring traditional Polish cuisine; Poles like
    international cuisine. Italian, Chinese, Mexican and Indian
    restaurants can be found in almost any Polish city.

-   American chains have also started to appear in larger cities like
    Warsaw e.g. T.G.I. Friday's, Champions, Mc Donald's, Pizza Hut, and
    KFC.

-   Currently many of the international hotel chains such as the
    Marriott Hotel, Radisson, Sheraton, Hyatt, and Holiday Inn are
    present in larger Polish cities. Many local entrepreneurs have also
    invested in this sector.

-   The catering sector has only been developing in Poland since early
    1990s. HRI is one of the fastest growing branches of the Polish
    industry.

Several of the larger producers have set up separate distribution
channels especially for this sector. While all the other sectors of
Polish food distribution are already very competitive, HRI is probably
one of the few existing market niches which if supported with the proper
promotion campaign, could offer U.S. exporters a chance to enter into
the Polish market.

For more detailed information on Poland's HRI Food sector please refer
to FAS Warsaw Post Country report on Hotel, Restaurant & Institutional
Food Service Sector Report (PL3001), which is available via Internet at
the following web site: www.fas.usda.gov - attaché reports directory.

# IV. Best High-Value Product Prospects 

  ------------ --------------- ----------- -------- ----------- --------------- ----------------
  Product      2003 Market     2003        2-Yr.    Import      Key Constraints Market
  category     size            Imports     Avg.     Tariff Rate Over Market     Attractiveness
                                           Annual               Development     for USA
                                           Import                               
                                           Growth                               

  Salmon       20,456 tons/\   \$ 59.3 M   93.6%    2% & 8%     Price           Growing seafood
               \$ 59.3 M                                        competition     consumption and
                                                                from local      increased
                                                                producers and   restaurant
                                                                European        market
                                                                countries       

  Beef tripe   1,100 tons/\$ 4 \$ 3.4 M    -32.3%   0%          Only allowed    Insufficient
               M                                                entry from EU   local
                                                                approved        production,
                                                                tripe/casing    competitive
                                                                plants          prices

  Sunflower    12,000 tons/\$  \$6.7 M     8.6%     0%          Competitively   Growing market,
  Seeds        7 M                                              priced quality  insufficient
                                                                product         local production
                                                                available from  of high quality
                                                                Hungary         product

  Wine         58M L/\$ 85 M   \$78.7 M    25.5%    9.9-32€ /hl Strong position Good reputation
                                                    depending   of French,      of Californian
                                                    on alcohol  Italian and     wines, growing
                                                    content     other suppliers market

  Grapefruit   30,362 tons/\$  \$20 M      13.5%    1.5-2.4%    Competitively   Strong position
               20 M                                 depending   priced imports  of American
                                                    on season   available from  suppliers,
                                                                Turkey and      growing market
                                                                Spain           

  Bourbon      19,970 LPA/\$   \$261,000   37.9%    0%          Traditional     Increasing
               261,000                                          consumption of  consumption
                                                                Scottish        among young
                                                                Whiskey         crowd due to
                                                                                prestige
                                                                                associated with
                                                                                product

  Dried        14,800 tons/\$  \$12.8 M    11.2%    2.4%        Price           Given still
  grapes,      13.2 M                                           competition     developing
  including                                                     from other      market for cakes
  raisins                                                       suppliers       and sweets,
                                                                                opportunities
                                                                                for further
                                                                                development of
                                                                                this segment
  ------------ --------------- ----------- -------- ----------- --------------- ----------------

  ------------ ---------------- ------- ------- ------- --------------- -------------
  Dried prunes 4,875 tons/\$    \$5.5 M 31.2%   9.6%    Price           High quality
               7.5 M                                    competition     and strong
                                                        from local and  position of
                                                        other foreign   California
                                                        suppliers       prunes,
                                                                        opportunity
                                                                        for further
                                                                        growth

  Pistachios   1,200 tons/\$    \$ 3.7  19.2%   1.6%    Increasing      Growing
               3.7 M            M                       activity of     snacks and
                                                        other           ingredient
                                                        suppliers,      market
                                                        relatively high 
                                                        prices compared 
                                                        to other nuts   

  Peanuts      31,550 ton/\$    \$ 23.4 15.8%   0%      Higher prices   Growing
               23.4 M           M                       offered by      snacks and
                                                        competitors     ingredient
                                                                        market

  Almonds      1,900 tons/\$    \$ 8.0  7.9%    3.5%    Competitively   Growing
  (shelled)    8.0 M            M                       priced imports  snacks and
                                                        available from  ingredient
                                                        Spain           market
  ------------ ---------------- ------- ------- ------- --------------- -------------

Source: FAS Warsaw calculations based on Global Trade Atlas statistics

# V. Key Contacts and Further Information 

**[U.S. EMBASSY TRADE PERSONNEL]{.underline}**

[Organization]{.underline} [Contact Name]{.underline}
[Address]{.underline} [Phone]{.underline}/[Fax]{.underline}

Foreign Wayne Molstad, Counselor American Embassy 4822-504-2336

Agricultural Charles Rush, Attaché Al. Ujazdowskie 29/31 4822-504-2320

Service Jolanta Figurska, 00-540 Warsaw, Poland

USDA Marketing Specialist E-mail: [agwarsaw@usda.gov]{.underline}

Web page: http://www.usinfo.pl/agri/

## U.S. BASED MULTIPLIERS RELEVANT FOR POLAND

+-----------+-------------+----------+--------------+-----------------+
| Org       | Contact     | Address  | Phone        | Fax             |
| anization | Name        |          |              |                 |
+-----------+-------------+----------+--------------+-----------------+
| Po        | Mr. Garry   | 1615 H   | \(202\)      | \(202\)         |
| lish-U.S. | Litman      | Street,  | 4635482      |                 |
| Economic  |             | NW       |              | 4633114         |
|           | Poland,     | Wa       |              |                 |
| Council   | Central     | shington |              | e-mail:         |
|           | Europe Int. |          |              |                 |
| U.S.      | Division    | DC       |              | eurasi          |
| Chamber   |             | 20       |              | a@uschamber.com |
| of        |             | 062-2000 |              |                 |
| Commerce  |             |          |              |                 |
+-----------+-------------+----------+--------------+-----------------+

## POLAND GOVERNMENT AGENCIES

+-------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------------+
| **Contact Name**  | **A      | *        | **Fax**  | **web page;**  |
|                   | ddress** | *Phone** |          |                |
|                   |          |          |          | **e-mail       |
|                   |          |          |          | address**      |
+-------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------------+
| Mr. Wojciech      | ul       | \(4822\) | \(4822\) | ht             |
| Olejniczak,       | .Wspolna | 628 5745 | 629 2894 | tp://www.minro |
| Minister of       | 30,      |          |          | l.gov.pl/Deskt |
| Agriculture and   | 00-930   |          |          | opDefault.aspx |
| Rural Development | Warsaw   |          |          |                |
+-------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------------+
| Mr. Wieslaw       | ul       | \(4822\) | \(4822\) | ht             |
| Zapedowski;       | .Wspolna | 623 2072 | 629 6127 | tp://www.minro |
| Department of     | 30,      |          |          | l.gov.pl/Deskt |
| European Union    | 00-930   |          |          | opDefault.aspx |
| and Foreign       | Warsaw   |          |          |                |
| Cooperation       |          |          |          |                |
+-------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------------+
| Mr. Piotr         | ul.      | \(4822\) | \(4822\) | www.           |
| Kolodziej, Chief  | Wspolna  | 628 8511 | 623 1408 | wetgiv.gov.pl; |
| Veterinary        | 30,      |          |          | wet            |
| Inspector         | 00-930   |          |          | @minrol.gov.pl |
|                   | Warsaw   |          |          |                |
| Ministry of       |          |          |          |                |
| Agriculture and   |          |          |          |                |
| Rural Development |          |          |          |                |
+-------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------------+
| Mr. Piotr         | ul.      | \(4822\) | \(4822\) | http://        |
| Balicki; Minister | Miodowa  | 831 2324 | 635 8852 | www.mz.gov.pl/ |
|                   | 15       |          |          |                |
| Ministry of       | Warsaw   |          |          |                |
| Health and Social |          |          |          |                |
| Welfare           |          |          |          |                |
+-------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------------+
| Mr. Andrzej       | ul.Dluga | \(4822\) | \(4822\) | www.           |
| Trybusz, Chief    | 38/40    | 635 1559 | 635 4581 | gis.mz.gov.pl; |
| Sanitary          | Warsaw   |          |          | inspektorat    |
| Inspector         |          |          |          | @gis.mz.gov.pl |
+-------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------------+
| Ms. Ewa           | ul.      | \(4822\) | \(4822\) | w              |
| Symonides; Under  | Wawelska | 579      | 579 2383 | ww.mos.gov.pl; |
| Secretary of      | 52/54    | 2406,    |          | Chief.N        |
| State Nature      | 00-9     | 579 2353 |          | ature.Conserva |
| Conservation      | 22Warsaw |          |          | tor@mos.gov.pl |
|                   |          |          |          |                |
| Ministry of       |          |          |          |                |
| Environment       |          |          |          |                |
+-------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------------+
| Mr. Jan Wrobel;   | ul.      | \(4822\) | \(4822\) |                |
| Director Nature   | Wawelska | 579 2673 | 579 2555 |                |
| Protection GMO    | 52/54    |          |          |                |
|                   | 00-9     |          |          |                |
| Ministry of       | 22Warsaw |          |          |                |
| Environment       |          |          |          |                |
+-------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------------+
| Ms. Zofia         | ul.      | \(4822\) | \(4822\) |                |
| Chrempinska       | Wawelska | 579 2553 | 579 2555 |                |
| Acting Director   | 52/54    |          |          |                |
| Department of     | 00-922   |          |          |                |
| Forestry          | Warsaw   |          |          |                |
|                   |          |          |          |                |
| Ministry of       |          |          |          |                |
| Environment       |          |          |          |                |
+-------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------------+
| Mr. Zdzislaw      | ul.Dol   | \(4822\) | (48-22)  | ww             |
| Siewierski,       | anskiego | 635 1000 | 635 0060 | w.awrsp.gov.pl |
| Chairman          | 2,00-215 |          |          |                |
|                   | Warsaw   |          |          |                |
| Agency of         |          |          |          |                |
| Agricultural      |          |          |          |                |
| State Properties  |          |          |          |                |
+-------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------------+
| Mr. Tadeusz       | Plac     | \(4822\) | \(4822\) | www.mg.gov.pl  |
| Lisek; Department | Trzech   | 693 5955 | 621 9714 |                |
| of Foreign        | Krzyzy   |          |          |                |
| Economic          | 3/5;     |          |          |                |
| Relations         | 00-507   |          |          |                |
|                   | Warsaw   |          |          |                |
| Ministry of       |          |          |          |                |
| Economy           |          |          |          |                |
+-------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------------+
| Mr. Janusz        | ul.      | \(4822\) | \(4822\) |                |
| Berdowski         | Klobucka |          |          |                |
| Director          | 23a,     | 6470742  | 6471222  |                |
|                   | 02-699   |          |          |                |
| Center for        | Warsaw   |          |          |                |
| Research and      |          |          |          |                |
| Certification     |          |          |          |                |
+-------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------------+
| Mr. Piotr         | Aleja    | \(4822\) | \(4822\) | http://www.    |
| Dabrowski         | Roz 2,   | 334      | 334 9999 | paiz.pl/index/ |
|                   | 00-559   | 9841,    |          |                |
| Polish Investment | Warsaw   |          |          |                |
|                   |          | 334 9810 |          |                |
| Agency            |          |          |          |                |
+-------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------------+
| Mr. Zbigniew      | ul. Nowy | \(4822\) | \(4822\) | http://www.e   |
| Izdebski          | Swiat    | 661 7203 | 628 9353 | ng.arr.gov.pl/ |
|                   | 6/12,    |          |          |                |
| Agricultural      | 00-400   |          |          |                |
| Markets           | Warsaw   |          |          |                |
|                   |          |          |          |                |
| Agency            |          |          |          |                |
+-------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------------+
| Mr. Adam Zych     | ul.      | \(4822\) | \(4822\) |                |
|                   | Wspolna  | 623 2302 | 623 2304 |                |
| Director of Plant | 30,      |          |          |                |
| Protection and    |          |          |          |                |
| Seed Inspection   | 00-930   |          |          |                |
|                   | Warsaw   |          |          |                |
+-------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------------+
| Agency for        | Al. Jana | \(4822\) | \(4822\) | www            |
| Restructuring and | Pawla II | 860 2950 | 860 2980 | .arimr.gov.pl; |
| Modernizing       | 70,      |          |          | inf            |
| Agriculture       | 00-175   |          |          | o@arimr.gov.pl |
|                   | Warsaw   |          |          |                |
+-------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------------+

## POLAND TRADE INSTITUTES/ASSOCIATIONS/CHAMBER OF COMMERCE

+-----------+--------+-----------+-------+------------------+---------+
| **Organ   | **C    | **        | **Ph  | **Fax**          | **web   |
| ization** | ontact | Address** | one** |                  | page,** |
|           | Name** |           |       |                  |         |
|           |        |           |       |                  | *       |
|           |        |           |       |                  | *e-mail |
|           |        |           |       |                  | ad      |
|           |        |           |       |                  | dress** |
+-----------+--------+-----------+-------+------------------+---------+
| Agr       | Prof.  | ul.Swie   | \(4   | (4822)8271960    | www     |
| icultural | Au     | tokrzyska | 822\) |                  | .ierigz |
| Economy   | gustyn | 20 Warsaw |       |                  | .waw.pl |
| Institute | Wos    |           | 82    |                  |         |
|           |        |           | 65031 |                  |         |
+-----------+--------+-----------+-------+------------------+---------+
| Plant     | Prof.  | ul.       | \(4   | \(4861\) 8676301 | www.    |
| P         | Stefan | Miczurina | 861\) |                  | ior.poz |
| rotection | Prusz  | 20 60-318 | 86    |                  | nan.pl; |
| Institute | ynski, | Poznan    | 49027 |                  | S.Pru   |
|           | Di     |           |       |                  | szynski |
|           | rector |           |       |                  | @ior.po |
|           |        |           |       |                  | znan.pl |
+-----------+--------+-----------+-------+------------------+---------+
| National  | Prof.  | ul.       | \(4   | (48-22) 849      | www.pzh |
| Institute | Jan    | Chocimska | 822\) | 7484,            | .gov.pl |
| of        | Krz    | 24,       |       |                  |         |
| Hygiene   | ysztof | 00-791    | 542   | 849 3513         |         |
|           | Lud    | Warsaw    | 1400, |                  |         |
|           | wicki, |           |       |                  |         |
|           | Di     |           | 849   |                  |         |
|           | rector |           | 7612, |                  |         |
|           |        |           |       |                  |         |
|           |        |           | 542   |                  |         |
|           |        |           | 1202  |                  |         |
+-----------+--------+-----------+-------+------------------+---------+
| American  | Mr.    | ul        | \(4   | (4858)3014217    |         |
| Polish    | El     | .Chmielna | 858\) |                  |         |
| Home      | igiusz | 54/57     | 30    |                  |         |
| Builders  | Ko     | 80-748    | 16851 |                  |         |
| Institute | niarek | Gdansk    |       |                  |         |
| F         | Di     |           |       |                  |         |
| oundation | rector |           |       |                  |         |
+-----------+--------+-----------+-------+------------------+---------+
| Polish    | Mr.    | ul.       | \(4   | \(4861\) 849     | www     |
| Economic  | Bogdan | Winiarska | 861\) | 2468             | .pol-wo |
| Chamber   | C      | 1, 60-654 |       |                  | od-cham |
| of Wood   | zemko, | Poznan    | 822   |                  | ber.dre |
| Industry  | Di     |           | 47 52 |                  | wno.pl; |
|           | rector |           |       |                  | p       |
|           |        |           |       |                  | igpd@dr |
|           |        |           |       |                  | ewno.pl |
+-----------+--------+-----------+-------+------------------+---------+
| National  | Mr.    | ul        | \(4   | \(4822\) 8274673 |         |
| Chamber   | A      | .Trebacka | 822\) |                  |         |
| of        | ndrzej | 4 00-074  | 63    |                  |         |
| Commerce  | Aren   | Warsaw    | 09600 |                  |         |
| of Poland | darski |           |       |                  |         |
+-----------+--------+-----------+-------+------------------+---------+

+-----------+--------+-----------+-------+------------------+----------+
| National  | Mr.    | ul.       | (4    | (48-61) 8673188  |          |
| Polish    | Maciej | Gr        | 8-61) |                  |          |
| Chamber   | F      | unwaldzka | 86    |                  |          |
| of        | ormano | 10460-307 | 73188 |                  |          |
| Commerce  | wiczCh | Poznan    |       |                  |          |
| of        | airman |           |       |                  |          |
| Furniture |        |           |       |                  |          |
| Man       |        |           |       |                  |          |
| ufactures |        |           |       |                  |          |
+-----------+--------+-----------+-------+------------------+----------+
| American  | Ms.    | ul.Emilii | \(4   | \(4822\) 5205998 | direct   |
| Chamber   | Dorota | Plater    | 822\) |                  | or@amcha |
| of        | Dabr   | 53,       |       |                  | m.com.pl |
| Commerce  | owska, | 00-113    | 52    |                  |          |
| in Poland | Exe    | Warsaw    | 05999 |                  |          |
| (AmCham)  | cutive |           |       |                  |          |
|           | Di     |           |       |                  |          |
|           | rector |           |       |                  |          |
+-----------+--------+-----------+-------+------------------+----------+
| Institute | Mr.    | Ul.       | \(4   | \(4861\) 8224372 |          |
| of Wood   | Wla    | Winiarska | 861\) |                  |          |
| T         | dyslaw | 1 60-654  | 82    |                  |          |
| echnology | Stry   | Poznan    | 24700 |                  |          |
|           | kowski |           |       |                  |          |
+-----------+--------+-----------+-------+------------------+----------+
| Business  | Mr.    | Plac      | \(4   | (4822)6218420    |          |
| Center    | Marek  | Zelaznej  | 822\) |                  |          |
| Club      | Go     | Bramy 2   |       |                  |          |
|           | liszew | 00-136    | 62    |                  |          |
|           | skiPre | Warsaw    | 53037 |                  |          |
|           | sident |           |       |                  |          |
+-----------+--------+-----------+-------+------------------+----------+
| Polish    | Prof.  | ul.Kr     | \(4   | (4822)8461275    |          |
| Bakers    | Janusz | akowiakow | 822\) |                  |          |
| As        | Rat    | 103       | 846   |                  |          |
| sociation | ajczak | Warsaw    | 2065, |                  |          |
|           | Pre    |           |       |                  |          |
|           | sident |           | 84    |                  |          |
|           |        |           | 62066 |                  |          |
+-----------+--------+-----------+-------+------------------+----------+
| National  | Ms.    | u         | \(4   | (4822)6063845    |          |
| Millers   | J      | l.Miodowa | 822\) |                  |          |
| As        | adwiga | 14, room  |       |                  |          |
| sociation | Rot    | 30300-246 | 83    |                  |          |
|           | hkaehl | Warsaw    | 11461 |                  |          |
|           | Ch     |           |       |                  |          |
|           | airman |           | ext.  |                  |          |
|           |        |           | 307   |                  |          |
+-----------+--------+-----------+-------+------------------+----------+
| Polish    | Mr.    | ul.       | \(4   | (4822)3310802    |          |
| G         | Bogdan | G         | 822\) |                  |          |
| rain-Feed | Judz   | rzybowska |       |                  |          |
| Chamber   | inski, | 2         | 33    |                  |          |
|           | Cha    | /4900-131 | 10800 |                  |          |
|           | irman, | Warsaw    | (48   |                  |          |
|           | Mr.    |           | )6013 |                  |          |
|           | Maciej |           | 71185 |                  |          |
|           | Tomasz |           |       |                  |          |
|           | ewicz, |           |       |                  |          |
|           | Di     |           |       |                  |          |
|           | rector |           |       |                  |          |
+-----------+--------+-----------+-------+------------------+----------+
| Polish    | Mr.    | u         | \(4   | (4822)6220667,   |          |
| As        | Alek   | l.Zurawia | 822\) | 6291071          |          |
| sociation | sander | 22,room   |       |                  |          |
| of Grain  | Szy    | 10200-515 | 622   |                  |          |
| and       | manski | Warsaw    | 0667, |                  |          |
| Oilseeds  |        |           |       |                  |          |
| Producers |        |           | 62    |                  |          |
|           |        |           | 91071 |                  |          |
+-----------+--------+-----------+-------+------------------+----------+
| National  | Mr.    | ul.       | (4    | (48-94) 347      | spr@b    |
| As        | Zd     | S         | 8-94) | 1328; mobile     | ptnet.pl |
| sociation | zislaw | lowianska |       | 0601 643 666     |          |
| of Fish   | S      | 5, 75-846 | 347   |                  |          |
| P         | afader | Koszalin  | 1328  |                  |          |
| rocessors |        |           |       |                  |          |
+-----------+--------+-----------+-------+------------------+----------+
| Polish    | Prof.  | ul.       | (4    | (48-22) 627      | www.     |
| F         | A      | Zurawia   | 8-22) | 1080; mobile     | pfpz.pl; |
| ederation | ndrzej | 22,       |       | 0608 392 715     | j.c      |
| of Food   | B      | Warsaw    | 627   |                  | zarnecki |
| Producers | likle, |           | 1080  |                  | @pfpz.pl |
|           | Cha    |           |       |                  |          |
|           | irman, |           |       |                  |          |
|           | Mr.    |           |       |                  |          |
|           | Jacek  |           |       |                  |          |
|           | Cza    |           |       |                  |          |
|           | rnecki |           |       |                  |          |
+-----------+--------+-----------+-------+------------------+----------+
| Polish    | Mr.    | ul.S      | \(4   | (4822)8220063    |          |
| As        | Edmund | iewierska | 822\) |                  |          |
| sociation | Lo     | 1302-360  |       |                  |          |
| of Swine  | zynski | Warsaw    | 82    |                  |          |
| Producers |        |           | 22832 |                  |          |
+-----------+--------+-----------+-------+------------------+----------+

+-----------+--------+-----------+-------+------------------+----------+
| Polish    | Mr.    | ul        | \(4   | (4822)8302582,   | www.     |
| P         | Prze   | .T.Chalub | 822\) | 8301648          | polskie- |
| roducers, | myslaw | inskie-go |       |                  | mieso.pl |
| Exporters | Chab   | 8 02-784  | 830   |                  |          |
| and       | owski, | Warsaw    | 2656, |                  |          |
| Importers | Pres   |           | 83016 |                  |          |
| of Meat   | ident; |           | 64/48 |                  |          |
|           | Mr.    |           |       |                  |          |
|           | Sta    |           |       |                  |          |
|           | nislaw |           |       |                  |          |
|           | Zieba, |           |       |                  |          |
|           | Sec    |           |       |                  |          |
|           | retary |           |       |                  |          |
|           | Ge     |           |       |                  |          |
|           | neral; |           |       |                  |          |
|           | Mr.    |           |       |                  |          |
|           | Witold |           |       |                  |          |
|           | Cho    |           |       |                  |          |
|           | inski, |           |       |                  |          |
|           | Office |           |       |                  |          |
|           | M      |           |       |                  |          |
|           | anager |           |       |                  |          |
+-----------+--------+-----------+-------+------------------+----------+
| Polish    | Mr.    | u         | \(4   | (4822)6232357    |          |
| As        | Jacek  | l.Wspolna | 822\) |                  |          |
| sociation | Ka     | 3000-930  |       |                  |          |
| of        | linski | Warsaw    | 62    |                  |          |
| Producers |        |           | 32413 |                  |          |
| of        |        |           |       |                  |          |
| Agr       |        |           |       |                  |          |
| icultural |        |           |       |                  |          |
| Co        |        |           |       |                  |          |
| mmodities |        |           |       |                  |          |
+-----------+--------+-----------+-------+------------------+----------+
| National  | Mr.    | ul.       | \(4   | \(4822\) 8360614 |          |
| As        | SlomaG | Kasprzaka | 822\) |                  |          |
| sociation | eneral | 29        | 836   |                  |          |
| of        | Di     | /3101-234 | 0614, |                  |          |
| Tobacco   | rector | Warsaw    |       |                  |          |
| Industry  |        |           | 83    |                  |          |
|           |        |           | 66241 |                  |          |
+-----------+--------+-----------+-------+------------------+----------+
| National  | Mr.    | u         | \(4   | (4822)8265281    |          |
| As        | R      | l.Warecka | 822\) |                  |          |
| sociation | omuald | 11A00-034 |       |                  |          |
| of        | Ozimek | Warsaw    | 82    |                  |          |
| Orchard   |        |           | 65281 |                  |          |
| Owners    |        |           |       |                  |          |
|           |        |           | ext.  |                  |          |
|           |        |           | 382   |                  |          |
+-----------+--------+-----------+-------+------------------+----------+
| Polish    | Mr.    | ul        | \(4   | (4858)3014217    |          |
| Hom       | Jacek  | .Chmielna | 858\) |                  |          |
| ebuilders | Dab    | 54/57     |       |                  |          |
| As        | rowski | 80-748    | 30    |                  |          |
| sociation | Pre    | Gdansk    | 16851 |                  |          |
|           | sident |           |       |                  |          |
+-----------+--------+-----------+-------+------------------+----------+
| National  | Mr.    | ul.       | (4    | (48-58) 3015722  | www.d    |
| As        | Prze   | Chmielna  | 8-58) |                  | omydrewn |
| sociation | myslaw | 54/57,    |       |                  | iane.org |
| of Wooden | Dobran | 80-748    | 301   |                  |          |
| House     | iecki, | Gdansk    | 6854  |                  | biuro@d  |
| Builders  | Ma     |           |       |                  | omydrewn |
|           | naging |           |       |                  | iane.org |
|           | Di     |           |       |                  |          |
|           | rector |           |       |                  |          |
+-----------+--------+-----------+-------+------------------+----------+
| As        |        | ul.       | (4    | (48-22) 787 3502 | www.spsb |
| sociation |        | Laskowa   | 8-22) |                  | .com.pl; |
| of Wooden |        | 4, 05-200 |       |                  | spsb@sps |
| Joinery   |        | Wolomin   | 787   |                  | b.com.pl |
| Manu      |        |           | 3502, |                  |          |
| facturers |        |           |       |                  |          |
|           |        |           | 787   |                  |          |
|           |        |           | 2474  |                  |          |
+-----------+--------+-----------+-------+------------------+----------+
| Polish    | Ms.    | ul.       | \(4   | (4822)6308467    |          |
| Franchise | J      | Koszykowa | 822\) |                  |          |
| As        | olanta | 54/       |       |                  |          |
| sociation | K      | 13800-659 | 63    |                  |          |
| (PFA)     | ramarz | Warsaw    | 08425 |                  |          |
|           | Pre    |           |       |                  |          |
|           | sident |           |       |                  |          |
+-----------+--------+-----------+-------+------------------+----------+
| National  | Mr.    | ul.       | (4    | (48-22) 828 2389 | ww       |
| Council   | R      | Czackiego | 8-22) |                  | w.krd-ig |
| of        | ajmund | 3/5,      |       |                  | .compl/; |
| Poultry,  | Paczk  | 00-043    | 336   |                  | k        |
| Economic  | owski, | Warsaw    | 1338  |                  | rdig&pro |
| Chamber   | Ch     |           |       |                  | .onet.pl |
|           | airman |           |       |                  |          |
+-----------+--------+-----------+-------+------------------+----------+

## Trade Shows in Poland: 

Warsaw Agricultural Affairs Office (FAS Warsaw) recommends the following
trade fairs organized in Poland:

**International Food, Drink, and Hospitality Exhibition (IFE) Poland:**

The third annual trade fair in Warsaw is for trade visitors only (not
open to the general public). In 2004, the show was host to 5,595 trade
professionals; exhibitors included firms dealing in food products,
non-alcoholic beverages, alcoholic drinks, condiments, technical
devices, cooking devices and services.

FAS/Warsaw will organize a U.S. pavillion at the 2005 IFE Fair.

**Show dates: Organizers:**

April 19-25, 2005 Suzanne Ager, Montgomery International Ltd

11 Manchester Square, London W1U 3PL, UK

Tel: 44 (0)20 7886 3114

Fax: 44 (0)20 7886 3101

E-mail:  suzanne.ager@montex.co.uk

www.ifepoland.com

**Polagra‑Food:** Organized in Poznan every year. As of 2001, Polagra is
being organized as two separate trade fairs Polagra - Food (mostly food
processing equipment but also food products, ingredients) organized in
September and Polagra Farm (agricultural machinery and farm supplies,
livestock genetics) organized in October. The following
attendance/exhibition data pertains to the last Polagra-Food show
organized in 2003.

During the 2003 show, Polagra-Food hosted about 771 exhibitors (940 in
2002) including foreign exhibitors from 35 countries. The fair attracted
about 35,000 visitors. Please note that the show is closed to the
general public during the first two days when it is reserved for
business visitors only. Exhibitors range from firms trading/producing
food products, ingredients, to food processing and packaging equipment.

FAS/Warsaw will only be visiting the 2004 edition of the show.

**Show dates Organizer**:

Polagra Food -- September 21-24, 2004 Mr. Tomasz Kobierski

> Project Manager

Polagra Farm - October 7-10, 2004 ul. Glogowska 14

National Livestock Show 60‑734 Poznan

ph: 4861‑8692593, 8692589

fax: 4861‑8692955

e-mail: polagra-food@mtp.pl

**Polfish**: Largest fish and fish products fair in Poland and
central/eastern Europe attracting various companies from the fish
industry ‑ fishing companies, importers‑exporters, wholesalers,
retailers, transportation companies as well as consulting firms. The
2003 edition hosted 140 firms ‑ 100 Polish, 40 foreign (160 in 2001
edition). The fair was visited by about 4,000 visitors (mostly
professional, versus general public which usually also visits
agricultural fairs).

**Show dates**: **Organizer**:

‑ organized every other year International Gdansk Fair

Next show June 7-9, 2005 Ms. Anna Lasocinska

Polfish Coordinator

ul. Beniowskiego 5

80‑382 Gdansk

ph: 4858‑5549117, 5520071‑6

fax: 4858‑5549207, 5522168

**Eurogastro: International Trade Fair - Everything for Gastronomy.**
International Fair attracting companies dealing within the HRI sector.
The 2004 show attracted 251 exhibitors (170 in 2003 edition), including
83 foreign firms from 15 countries. Area of exposition amounted to 4,332
sqm. This show attracts HRI buyers but is also open to the public.

Exhibitors included firms dealing in technical devices, HRI accessories,
food products, non-alcoholic beverages, alcoholic drinks, condiments,
services and furniture.

**Dates: Organizer:**

March 17-19, 2005 Miedzynarodowe Targi -Polska Sp.z.o.o.

ul. Koszykowa 24/12

00-553 Warsaw

ph: 4822-6223179, 6223180

fax:4822-6223176, 6225789

e-mail: gastro@mtpolska.com.pl

http://www.mtppolska.com.pl

# APPENDIX 1. STATISTICS

## A. KEY TRADE & DEMOGRAPHIC INFORMATION

+----------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
| Agricultural Imports From All Countries (\$Mil)/U.S.     | 4         |
| Market Share (%)[^1]                                     | ,013/2.3% |
+----------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
| Consumer Food Imports From All Countries (\$Mil)/U.S.    | 2,724/2%  |
| Market Share (%)                                         |           |
+----------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
| Edible Fishery Imports From All Countries (\$Mil)/U.S.   | []{.mark} |
| Market Share (%)                                         |           |
|                                                          | 369/1.9%  |
+----------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
| Total Population (Millions)/Annual Growth Rate (%)       | 3         |
|                                                          | 8.6/0.02% |
+----------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
| Urban Population (Millions)/Annual Growth Rate (%)       | 23.9/1-2% |
+----------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
| Number of Major Metropolitan Areas[^2]                   | 1         |
+----------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
| Size of the Middle Class (Millions)/Growth Rate (%)[^3]  | []{.mark} |
|                                                          |           |
|                                                          | 3.9/1%    |
+----------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
| Gross Domestic Product (%)                               | 3.8%      |
+----------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
| Unemployment Rate (%)                                    | 18%       |
+----------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
| Average Monthly Food Expenditures (Zloty)                | 225.00    |
+----------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
| \% of Employed Females[^4]                               | 38.8%[^5] |
+----------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
| Exchange Rate (US\$1 = 4.23 zl / average 2003 rate)      | 3.58[^6]  |
+----------------------------------------------------------+-----------+

##  B. CONSUMER FOOD & EDIBLE FISHERY PRODUCT IMPORTS

<table>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 40%" />
<col style="width: 11%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 4%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td><strong>Poland Imports</strong></td>
<td colspan="3"><p id="imports-from-the-world" class="heading">Imports
from the World</p></td>
<td colspan="3"><strong>Imports from the U.S.</strong></td>
<td colspan="3"><p id="u.s.-market-share" class="heading">U.S. Market
Share</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>(In Millions of Dollars)</td>
<td><strong>2000</strong></td>
<td><strong>2001</strong></td>
<td><strong>2002</strong></td>
<td><strong>2000</strong></td>
<td><strong>2001</strong></td>
<td><strong>2002</strong></td>
<td><strong>2000</strong></td>
<td><strong>2001</strong></td>
<td><strong>2002</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><strong>CONSUMER-ORIENTED AGRICULTURAL TOTAL</strong></td>
<td>1,500</td>
<td>1,643</td>
<td>1,777</td>
<td>31</td>
<td>43</td>
<td>45</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>3</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Snack Foods (Excl. Nuts)</td>
<td>92</td>
<td>115</td>
<td>132</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Breakfast Cereals &amp; Pancake Mix</td>
<td>4</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>4</td>
<td>7</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Red Meats, Fresh/Chilled/Frozen</td>
<td>60</td>
<td>37</td>
<td>75</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>7</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>5</td>
<td>9</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Red Meats, Prepared/Preserved</td>
<td>10</td>
<td>8</td>
<td>10</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Poultry Meat</td>
<td>11</td>
<td>22</td>
<td>22</td>
<td>6</td>
<td>7</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>54</td>
<td>33</td>
<td>10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Dairy Products (Excl. Cheese)</td>
<td>116</td>
<td>110</td>
<td>79</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Cheese</td>
<td>19</td>
<td>15</td>
<td>16</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Eggs &amp; Products</td>
<td>7</td>
<td>7</td>
<td>7</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Fresh Fruit</td>
<td>374</td>
<td>440</td>
<td>437</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Fresh Vegetables</td>
<td>87</td>
<td>102</td>
<td>110</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Processed Fruit &amp; Vegetables</td>
<td>132</td>
<td>132</td>
<td>146</td>
<td>6</td>
<td>6</td>
<td>4</td>
<td>5</td>
<td>5</td>
<td>3</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Fruit &amp; Vegetable Juices</td>
<td>68</td>
<td>58</td>
<td>57</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Tree Nuts</td>
<td>24</td>
<td>26</td>
<td>31</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>10</td>
<td>10</td>
<td>10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Wine &amp; Beer</td>
<td>77</td>
<td>76</td>
<td>87</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>4</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>4</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Nursery Products &amp; Cut Flowers</td>
<td>63</td>
<td>76</td>
<td>88</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Pet Foods (Dog &amp; Cat Food)</td>
<td>19</td>
<td>21</td>
<td>26</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>7</td>
<td>8</td>
<td>6</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Other Consumer-Oriented Products</td>
<td>337</td>
<td>396</td>
<td>451</td>
<td>9</td>
<td>15</td>
<td>18</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>4</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><strong>FISH &amp; SEAFOOD PRODUCTS</strong></td>
<td>293</td>
<td>347</td>
<td>319</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>4</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Salmon</td>
<td>27</td>
<td>23</td>
<td>32</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Surimi</td>
<td>41</td>
<td>61</td>
<td>45</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Crustaceans</td>
<td>15</td>
<td>14</td>
<td>15</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Groundfish &amp; Flatfish</td>
<td>124</td>
<td>150</td>
<td>135</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>4</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>3</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Molluscs</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Other Fishery Products</td>
<td>85</td>
<td>98</td>
<td>92</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><strong>AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS TOTAL</strong></td>
<td>3,252</td>
<td>3,372</td>
<td>3,651</td>
<td>79</td>
<td>93</td>
<td>108</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>3</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><strong>AGRICULTURAL, FISH &amp; FORESTRY TOTAL</strong></td>
<td>3,941</td>
<td>4,135</td>
<td>4,448</td>
<td>89</td>
<td>102</td>
<td>121</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>3</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="10">Source: FAS' Global Agricultural Trade System using
data from the United Nations Statistical Office</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

## C. TOP 15 SUPPLIERS OF CONSUMER FOODS & EDIBLE FISHERY PRODUCTS

+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
| **Poland-  |     |       |       |   |        |      |      |      |
| Top 15     |     |       |       |   |        |      |      |      |
| S          |     |       |       |   |        |      |      |      |
| uppliers** |     |       |       |   |        |      |      |      |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
| **CONSUME  |     |       |       |   | ###### |      |      |      |
| R-ORIENTED |     |       |       |   | ### FI |      |      |      |
| AG         |     |       |       |   | SH & S |      |      |      |
| RICULTURAL |     |       |       |   | EAFOOD |      |      |      |
| IMPORTS    |     |       |       |   |  PRODU |      |      |      |
| (\$1000)** |     |       |       |   | CTS (\ |      |      |      |
|            |     |       |       |   | $1000) |      |      |      |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
|            | **  | **2   | **2   |   |        | **20 | **20 | **20 |
|            | 200 | 001** | 002** |   |        | 00** | 01** | 02** |
|            | 0** |       |       |   |        |      |      |      |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
| Spain      | 177 | 2     | 2     |   | Norway | 11   | 14   | 10   |
|            | 822 | 23251 | 51871 |   |        | 6214 | 0270 | 1959 |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
| Germany    | 184 | 1     | 2     |   | R      | 4    | 4    | 3    |
|            | 420 | 85549 | 17145 |   | ussian | 8324 | 5548 | 5849 |
|            |     |       |       |   | Fede   |      |      |      |
|            |     |       |       |   | ration |      |      |      |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
| N          | 124 | 1     | 1     |   | China  | 2    | 3    | 3    |
| etherlands | 685 | 56064 | 67280 |   | (P     | 9307 | 8549 | 1099 |
|            |     |       |       |   | eoples |      |      |      |
|            |     |       |       |   | Re     |      |      |      |
|            |     |       |       |   | public |      |      |      |
|            |     |       |       |   | of)    |      |      |      |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
| Italy      | 114 | 1     | 1     |   | I      | 2477 | 1    | 2    |
|            | 523 | 40463 | 32233 |   | celand |      | 2640 | 1501 |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
| France     | 62  | 71329 | 87305 |   | D      | 9856 | 1    | 1    |
|            | 827 |       |       |   | enmark |      | 2268 | 6476 |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
| Hungary    | 77  | 77360 | 81890 |   | Nethe  | 1    | 1    | 1    |
|            | 855 |       |       |   | rlands | 0609 | 1670 | 4709 |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
| Ecuador    | 87  | 88099 | 73129 |   | G      | 1    | 1    | 1    |
|            | 054 |       |       |   | ermany | 8075 | 8006 | 3217 |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
| Denmark    | 53  | 45981 | 67758 |   | Th     | 8687 | 1    | 1    |
|            | 027 |       |       |   | ailand |      | 1049 | 2451 |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
| Czech      | 46  | 48815 | 61249 |   | Arg    | 3050 | 4440 | 1    |
| Republic   | 804 |       |       |   | entina |      |      | 2298 |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
| Greece     | 46  | 64606 | 60340 |   | I      | 7692 | 7667 | 8296 |
|            | 637 |       |       |   | reland |      |      |      |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
| United     | 30  | 42708 | 45259 |   | Areas  | 5182 | 0    | 6863 |
| States     | 905 |       |       |   | NES    |      |      |      |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
| Areas NES  | 36  | 0     | 36808 |   | Peru   | 3142 | 7932 | 5686 |
|            | 769 |       |       |   |        |      |      |      |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
| Ukraine    | 25  | 46955 | 33175 |   | Canada | 7330 | 8766 | 4936 |
|            | 043 |       |       |   |        |      |      |      |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
| Turkey     | 19  | 29329 | 33061 |   | United | 459  | 1193 | 4406 |
|            | 378 |       |       |   | States |      |      |      |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
| Brazil     | 34  | 33792 | 31189 |   | Sweden | 1211 | 2454 | 4299 |
|            | 572 |       |       |   |        |      |      |      |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
| Other      | 377 | 3     | 3     |   | Other  | 2    | 2    | 2    |
|            | 493 | 88320 | 96951 |   |        | 1621 | 4476 | 5368 |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
| World      | 1   | 16    | 17    |   | World  | 29   | 34   | 31   |
|            | 499 | 42621 | 76643 |   |        | 3236 | 6928 | 9413 |
|            | 814 |       |       |   |        |      |      |      |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
|            |     |       |       |   |        |      |      |      |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
| Source:    |     |       |       |   |        |      |      |      |
| United     |     |       |       |   |        |      |      |      |
| Nations    |     |       |       |   |        |      |      |      |
| Statistics |     |       |       |   |        |      |      |      |
| Division   |     |       |       |   |        |      |      |      |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+

[^1]: Foundation of Assistance Programs for Agriculture (FAPA) and
    Foreign Agricultural Markets Monitoring Unit (FAMMU)/Warsaw, 2004.

[^2]: Population in excess of 1,000,000.

[^3]: These are unofficial estimates due to the lack of reliable
    statistics.

[^4]: Percent against total number of women (18-59 years old).

[^5]: Statistical Yearbook of the Republic of Poland, 2003, (Data from
    2002).

[^6]: Rate as of August 17, 2004.