ISO TC 46/SC 4   

Date:   2007-07-27

ISO/DIS 25577

ISO TC 46/SC 4/WG 

Secretariat:   ANSI

Information and documentation --- MarcXchange

*Information et documentation --- MarcXchange*

Warning

This document is not an ISO International Standard. It is distributed
for review and comment. It is subject to change without notice and may
not be referred to as an International Standard.

Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments,
notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and
to provide supporting documentation.

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Contents Page

Foreword [iv](#__RefHeading___Toc173567616)

Introduction [v](#__RefHeading___Toc173567617)

1 Scope [1](#scope)

1.1 Application areas [1](#application-areas)

1.2 Relationship to MARC and ISO 2709
[1](#relationship-to-marc-and-iso-2709)

2 Normative references [2](#normative-references)

3 Terms and definitions [2](#terms-and-definitions)

4 XML schema exchange of MARC records
[4](#xml-schema-exchange-of-marc-records)

4.1 General [4](#general)

4.2 Structure of XML schema [5](#structure-of-xml-schema)

Annex A (normative) The MarcXchange schema
[7](#__RefHeading___Toc173567626)

A.1 The MarcXchange schema in the version at publication of this
standard:
[7](#the-marcxchange-schema-in-the-version-at-publication-of-this-standard)

Annex B (informative) Examples [10](#__RefHeading___Toc173567628)

B.1 Example of a MARC 21 record that complies with MarcXchange
[10](#example-of-a-marc-21-record-that-complies-with-marcxchange)

B.2 The same MARC 21 record in a labelled display
[11](#the-same-marc-21-record-in-a-labelled-display)

B.3 Example of a UNIMARC record that complies with MarcXchange
[12](#example-of-a-unimarc-record-that-complies-with-marcxchange)

B.4 The same UNIMARC record in a labelled display
[13](#the-same-unimarc-record-in-a-labelled-display)

[Annex C (normative) Maintenance Responsibilities]{.mark}
[15](#__RefHeading___Toc173567633)

Annex D (informative) Maintenance Agency
[16](#__RefHeading___Toc173567634)

[]{#__RefHeading___Toc173567616 .anchor}Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide
federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of
preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which
a technical committee has been established has the right to be
represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.

International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

The main task of technical committees is to prepare International
Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical
committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication
as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the
member bodies casting a vote.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this
document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held
responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

ISO 25577 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 46, *Information
and Documentation*, Subcommittee SC 4, *Technical interoperability*.

[]{#__RefHeading___Toc173567617 .anchor}Introduction

In 2001, the U.S. Library of Congress developed a framework for working
with MARC data in an XML environment. The core of the framework is a
MARCXML schema that allows lossless round-trip conversion of an ISO 2709
MARC 21 record and an XML encoded MARC 21 record.

MARCXML is tightly coupled to ISO 2709, *Information and documentation
-- Format for information exchange*. It was obvious to generalise this
to an XML-based alternative for ISO 2709 such that any existing format
based on ISO 2709 could be represented.

This Standard describes a schema which is a generalized version of, and
with as few changes as possible to MARCXML but which retains the
original MARCXML structure.  The resulting schema is an XML extension to
ISO 2709.  Thus, the original elements of MARCXML are reused and verbal
links to the terminology of ISO 2709 have been added.  MarcXchange is
useable as a framework for conversion of all records using the ISO 2709
syntax into XML.  Extensions to MarcXchange may be required to retain
the definition and application of fields, subfields, and control
characters employed in data representation techniques specific to
implementations of ISO 2709. The international exchange of records uses
local variations of internationally recognized formats as much as it
uses internationally recognized formats in the precise way in which they
are prescribed for international exchange. MarcXchange, as an
internationally recognized format, is mainly intended as a framework for
making local schemas, or to which local extensions may be added. 
Experience has shown that there is a need for local deviations -- even
if MARC 21 or UNIMARC is chosen as the local format. This schema
provides a specification for the development of local specific schemas,
ensuring compatibility.

Information and documentation --- MarcXchange

# Scope

This International Standard specifies the requirements for a generalized
XML-based exchange format for bibliographic records as well as other
types of metadata.

It does not define the length or the content of individual records and
does not assign any meaning to tags, indicators, or identifiers, these
specifications being the functions of an implementation format.

This International Standard describes a generalized structure; a
framework designed primarily for communication between data processing
systems, but may also be relevant for use as a processing format within
systems.

## Application areas

MarcXchange could potentially be used as follows:

-   for representing a complete MARC record or a set of MARC records in
    XML;

-   for original resource description in XML syntax;

-   as an extension schema to METS (Metadata Encoding and Transmission
    Standard);

-   for exchange of MARC records in XML;

-   for transfer of MARC records in web services like SRW
    (Search/Retrieve Web service);

-   for publisher transmission of data;

-   as a temporary format in all kinds of data transformation or
    manipulation, e.g. conversion, publication, editing, validation; and

-   for metadata in XML that may be packaged with an electronic
    resource.

Validation of MARC records content is not enforced by the schema but by
dedicated software tailored for the specific usage (e.g. the specific
MARC-format).

## Relationship to MARC and ISO 2709

The XML schema is constructed to contain MARC data. The schema may be
used for the exchange of MARC records or to act as a \"bus\" to enable
MARC data records to go through further transformations such as to
Dublin Core and/or processes such as validation. The basic components of
ISO 2709 are treated in the following way in the XML schema:

-   The record label is treated as a simple string.

-   The directory has no counterpart in the schema; when converting from
    MarcXchange to ISO 2709 the directory has to be recalculated.

-   The record identifier field and the control fields are treated as
    elements with the tag as an attribute.

-   Data fields are treated as elements with the tag and indicators as
    attributes.

-   Subfields are treated as sub-elements with the subfield code as an
    attribute.

# Normative references

The following standards contain provisions, which, through reference in
this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. For
dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of
these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on
this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the
possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative
documents indicated below. For updated references, the latest edition of
the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC
maintain registers of currently valid International Standards.

ISO 2709:1996, Information and documentation --- Format for information
exchange

ISO/IEC 646:1991, Information technology --- ISO 7-bit coded character
set for information interchange

ISO/IEC 10646:2003, Information technology --- Universal Multiple-Octet
Coded Character Set (UCS)

Extensible Markup Language (XML), W3C Recommendation

XML Schema Part 1: Structures, W3C Recommendation

XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes, W3C Recommendation

# Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions
apply.

3.1

MARC (MAchine-Readable Cataloguing)

::: Definition
Family of format standards for the storage and exchange of bibliographic
records and related information in machine-readable form.
:::

::: Definition
NOTE: All MARC Standards conform to: ISO 2709:1996 Information and
documentation -- Format for Information Exchange.
:::

3.2

collection

::: Definition
Set of records.
:::

::: Definition
In the schema represented by a root element named collection.
:::

::: Definition
NOTE: The terms root element, element and attribute are in line with the
definitions in XML. The term sub-element is used for an element, which
is the content (or child) of another element (the parent).
:::

3.3

record

::: Definition
Collection of fields, including record label, directory and data.
:::

::: Definition
In the schema represented by a root element named record.
:::

::: Definition
NOTE: can occur alone or as a sub-element of collection.
:::

3.4

format

::: Definition
Specification of the information content of record label, controle
fields, data fields, indicators and subfields of a MARC record.
:::

::: Definition
In the schema an attribute (format) of the record element is used to
specify the MARC format used in the particular record.
:::

3.5

type

::: Definition
Sub application of format.
:::

::: Definition
In the schema an attribute (type) of the record element specifying the
application e.g. bibliographic record, holdings record.
:::

3.6

record label

::: Definition
Field occurring in an ISO 2709 record.
:::

::: Definition
In the schema represented by a sub-element (leader) of the record
element.
:::

3.7

directory

::: Definition
Index used in ISO 2709 records.
:::

::: Definition
Not used in the schema.
:::

3.8

control field

::: Definition
Record identifier field or reference field in ISO 2709.
:::

::: Definition
In the schema represented by a sub-element (controlfield) of the record
element.
:::

3.9

data field

::: Definition
Type of field in ISO 2709.
:::

::: Definition
In the schema represented by a sub-element (datafield) of the record
element.
:::

3.10

tag

::: Definition
Three characters associated to control field or a data field and used to
identify it.
:::

::: Definition
In the schema an attribute (tag) of the controlfield element and the
datafield element.
:::

3.11

indicator

::: Definition
Data element in a data field.
:::

::: Definition
In the schema represented by an attribute (ind1, ..., ind9) of the
datafield element.
:::

3.12

subfield

::: Definition
Part of a data field.
:::

::: Definition
In the schema represented by a sub-element (subfield) of the datafield
element.
:::

3.13

subfield identifier

::: Definition
Data element consisting of a control code followed by from zero to eight
characters identifying a subfield.
:::

::: Definition
In the schema the subfield identifier excl. the control code is
represented by an attribute (code) of the subfield element
:::

# XML schema exchange of MARC records

## General

The MarcXchange schema in the version at publication of this standard is
listed in appendix A. Examples of usage are listed in appendix B.

The MarcXchange schema may be updated to correct possible errors and/or
to conform to future versions of the XML schema standards. Maintenance
responsibility is specified in annex C, and the appointed Maintenance
agency appears in appendix D.

The MarcXchange schema supports XML markup of MARC
records, using terminology and element names consistent with ISO 2709.

ISO 2709 defines the general structure illustrated in Figure 1.

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------
  Record label

  Directory

  Fields

  Record separator
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------

Figure 1 --- ISO 2709 General Structure

An ISO 2709 record contains the following components:

a)  a record label (fixed length);

b)  a directory (variable length);

c)  a record identifier field (variable length);

d)  a number of reference fields (variable length);

e)  a number of data fields (variable length);

f)  a field separator, i.e. separator IS2 conforming to lSO/IEC 646,
    which terminates the directory and each field; and

g)  a record separator, i.e. separator IS3 conforming to lSO/IEC 646,
    which terminates each record.

In MarcXchange the element \"leader\" is used for the ISO 2709 Record
label. Part of the ISO 2709 Record Label (position 0-4 Record length and
position 12-16 Base address of data), contains information, which is
only meaningful for the ISO 2709 record. It is recommended always to
recalculate this information when converting from MarcXchange to ISO
2709.

The ISO 2709 Directory has no counterpart in MarcXchange. When
converting from MarcXchange to ISO 2709 this component has to be
recalculated.

In the MarcXchange schema the element \"controlfield\" is used for the
ISO 2709 Record identifier field and Reference field; and the element
\"datafield\" is used for ISO 2709 Data field.

This schema is an extension to ISO 2709. It allows the usage of \"data
fields\" for all legal ISO 2709 tags, including 001 to 009, 00A to 00Z
and 00a to 00z; and two attributes are introduced to specify the content
of a record -- \"format\" to specify the MARC format and \"type\" to
specify the kind of record.

This schema clarifies that subfield identifiers may consist of 8-bit
characters from ISO 10646, BMP row 00 (Basic Latin and Latin-1
Supplement).

There is one restriction. A special mode (identifier length = 0) of ISO
2709 operates with data fields without subfields. In the MarcXchange
schema subfields are required, i.e. identifier length = 0 is not
supported.

## Structure of XML schema

![](media/image1.wmf){width="5.896527777777778in"
height="4.495138888888889in"}

Figure 2 --- MarcXchange General Structure

Figure 2 illustrates the structure of the MarcXchange schema. The
elements are described below. All elements has an optional attribute --
**id** -- inherited from MARCXML.

-   **collection**: a top level container element for zero or many
    **records**

-   **record**: a top level container element for the leader element and
    all of the **controlfields** and **datafields** elements which
    comprise the record; the record element has the following
    attributes:

```{=html}
<!-- -->
```
-   **format** (optional): identifies the MARC format (examples: MARC21,
    UNIMARC, danMARC2, Ibermarc).

-   **type** (optional): identifies the type of record (examples:
    Bibliographic, Authority, Holdings, Classification, and Community).

```{=html}
<!-- -->
```
-   **leader:** corresponds to ISO 2709 record label, 24 octets.

-   **controlfield:** corresponds to ISO 2709 record identifier field
    (tag 001) and reference fields (tags 002 to 009 and 00A to 00Z); the
    controlfield element has one attribute:

```{=html}
<!-- -->
```
-   **tag** (required): identifies the field (e.g. 008)

```{=html}
<!-- -->
```
-   **datafield:** may be used for all fields (tags 001 to 999 and 00A
    to ZZZ); it contains **subfields**; the datafield element has the
    following attributes:

```{=html}
<!-- -->
```
-   **tag** (required): identifies the field (e.g. 245).

-   **ind1 to ind9** (optional): contain the indicator values

```{=html}
<!-- -->
```
-   **subfield:** corresponds to ISO 2709 subfield; the subfield element
    has one attribute:

```{=html}
<!-- -->
```
-   **code** (required): corresponds to ISO 2709 subfield identifier

A.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc173567626 .anchor}(normative)\
    The MarcXchange schema

## The MarcXchange schema in the version at publication of this standard: {#the-marcxchange-schema-in-the-version-at-publication-of-this-standard .a2}

The most current version of the standard can be found at the maintenance
agency web site, see Annex D.

[\<?xml version=\"1.0\"?\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\"
xmlns=\"]{.mark}info:lc/xmlns/marcxchange-v1[\"
targetNamespace=\"]{.mark} info:lc/xmlns/marcxchange-v1[\"
elementFormDefault=\"qualified\" attributeFormDefault=\"unqualified\"
version=\"1.1\" xml:lang=\"en\"\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:annotation\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:documentation\>]{.mark}

> [MarcXchange: The general XML schema for MARC formatted records.
> Prepared by Tommy Schomacker - version 1.1 - July 2007.]{.mark}
>
> [MarcXchange is made as a generalization (mainly by weakening
> restrictions) of the MARCXML schema for MARC 21.]{.mark}
>
> [MARCXML is made by Corey Keith from the Library of Congress.]{.mark}

[\</xsd:documentation\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:documentation\>]{.mark}

> [The schema supports XML markup of MARC records as specified in ISO
> 2709.]{.mark}
>
> [ISO 2709 defines the following general structure: Record Label -
> Directory - Record Identifier - Reference Fields - Data
> Fields.]{.mark}
>
> [In the schema the element \"leader\" is used for ISO 2709 Record
> Label,]{.mark}
>
> [the element \"control field\" for ISO 2709 Record Identifier and
> Reference Fields,]{.mark}
>
> [and the element \"data field\" for ISO 2709 Data Fields.]{.mark}
>
> [The schema has no counterpart to ISO 2709 Directory.]{.mark}

[\</xsd:documentation\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:documentation\>]{.mark}

> [Extensions and elucidations:]{.mark}
>
> [The schema allows the usage of \"data fields\" for all legal tags,
> including 001 to 009, 00A to 00Z and 00a to 00z.]{.mark}
>
> [Subfield identifiers may consist of 8 bits characters from ISO 10646
> BMP row 00 (Basic Latin and Latin-1 Supplement).]{.mark}
>
> [Two attributes are introduced to specify the content of a record -
> \"format\" to specify the MARC format, \"type\" to specify the kind of
> record.]{.mark}

[\</xsd:documentation\>]{.mark}

[\</xsd:annotation\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:element name=\"collection\" type=\"collectionType\"
nillable=\"true\" id=\"collection.e\"\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:annotation\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:documentation\>collection is a top level container element for 0
or many records\</xsd:documentation\>]{.mark}

[\</xsd:annotation\>]{.mark}

[\</xsd:element\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:element name=\"record\" type=\"recordType\" nillable=\"true\"
id=\"record.e\"\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:annotation\>]{.mark}

> [\<xsd:documentation\>record is a top level container element for all
> of the field elements which compose the
> record\</xsd:documentation\>]{.mark}

[\</xsd:annotation\>]{.mark}

[\</xsd:element\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:complexType name=\"collectionType\"
id=\"collection.ct\"\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:sequence minOccurs=\"0\" maxOccurs=\"unbounded\"\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:element ref=\"record\"/\>]{.mark}

[\</xsd:sequence\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:attribute name=\"id\" type=\"idDataType\"
use=\"optional\"/\>]{.mark}

[\</xsd:complexType\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:complexType name=\"recordType\" id=\"record.ct\"\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:sequence minOccurs=\"0\"\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:element name=\"leader\" type=\"leaderFieldType\"/\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:element name=\"controlfield\" type=\"controlFieldType\"
minOccurs=\"0\" maxOccurs=\"unbounded\"/\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:element name=\"datafield\" type=\"dataFieldType\" minOccurs=\"0\"
maxOccurs=\"unbounded\"/\>]{.mark}

[\</xsd:sequence\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:attribute name=\"format\" type=\"xsd:NMTOKEN\"
use=\"optional\"/\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:attribute name=\"type\" type=\"xsd:NMTOKEN\"
use=\"optional\"/\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:attribute name=\"id\" type=\"idDataType\"
use=\"optional\"/\>]{.mark}

[\</xsd:complexType\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:complexType name=\"leaderFieldType\" id=\"leader.ct\"\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:annotation\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:documentation\>ISO 2709 Record Label, 24
octets\</xsd:documentation\>]{.mark}

[\</xsd:annotation\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:simpleContent\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:extension base=\"leaderDataType\"\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:attribute name=\"id\" type=\"idDataType\"
use=\"optional\"/\>]{.mark}

[\</xsd:extension\>]{.mark}

[\</xsd:simpleContent\>]{.mark}

[\</xsd:complexType\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:simpleType name=\"leaderDataType\" id=\"leader.st\"\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:restriction base=\"xsd:string\"\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:whiteSpace value=\"preserve\"/\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:pattern
value=\"\\d{5}\\p{IsBasicLatin}\\p{IsBasicLatin}{4}\\d\\d\\d{5}\\p{IsBasicLatin}{3}\\d\\d\\d\\p{IsBasicLatin}\"/\>]{.mark}

[\</xsd:restriction\>]{.mark}

[\</xsd:simpleType\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:complexType name=\"controlFieldType\"
id=\"controlfield.ct\"\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:annotation\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:documentation\>ISO 2709 Record Identifier and Reference
Fields\</xsd:documentation\>]{.mark}

[\</xsd:annotation\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:simpleContent\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:extension base=\"controlDataType\"\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:attribute name=\"id\" type=\"idDataType\"
use=\"optional\"/\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:attribute name=\"tag\" type=\"controltagDataType\"
use=\"required\"/\>]{.mark}

[\</xsd:extension\>]{.mark}

[\</xsd:simpleContent\>]{.mark}

[\</xsd:complexType\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:simpleType name=\"controlDataType\"
id=\"controlfield.st\"\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:restriction base=\"xsd:string\"\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:whiteSpace value=\"preserve\"/\>]{.mark}

[\</xsd:restriction\>]{.mark}

[\</xsd:simpleType\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:simpleType name=\"controltagDataType\"
id=\"controltag.st\"\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:restriction base=\"xsd:string\"\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:whiteSpace value=\"preserve\"/\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:pattern value=\"00\[1-9A-Za-z\]\"/\>]{.mark}

[\</xsd:restriction\>]{.mark}

[\</xsd:simpleType\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:complexType name=\"dataFieldType\" id=\"datafield.ct\"\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:annotation\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:documentation\>ISO 2709 data fields\</xsd:documentation\>]{.mark}

[\</xsd:annotation\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:sequence maxOccurs=\"unbounded\"\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:element name=\"subfield\"
type=\"subfieldatafieldType\"/\>]{.mark}

[\</xsd:sequence\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:attribute name=\"id\" type=\"idDataType\"
use=\"optional\"/\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:attribute name=\"tag\" type=\"tagDataType\"
use=\"required\"/\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:attribute name=\"ind1\" type=\"indicatorDataType\"
use=\"optional\"/\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:attribute name=\"ind2\" type=\"indicatorDataType\"
use=\"optional\"/\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:attribute name=\"ind3\" type=\"indicatorDataType\"
use=\"optional\"/\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:attribute name=\"ind4\" type=\"indicatorDataType\"
use=\"optional\"/\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:attribute name=\"ind5\" type=\"indicatorDataType\"
use=\"optional\"/\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:attribute name=\"ind6\" type=\"indicatorDataType\"
use=\"optional\"/\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:attribute name=\"ind7\" type=\"indicatorDataType\"
use=\"optional\"/\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:attribute name=\"ind8\" type=\"indicatorDataType\"
use=\"optional\"/\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:attribute name=\"ind9\" type=\"indicatorDataType\"
use=\"optional\"/\>]{.mark}

[\</xsd:complexType\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:simpleType name=\"tagDataType\" id=\"tag.st\"\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:restriction base=\"xsd:string\"\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:whiteSpace value=\"preserve\"/\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:pattern
value=\"(00\[1-9A-Za-z\]\|0\[1-9A-Za-z\]\[0-9A-Za-z\]\|\[1-9A-Za-z\]\[0-9A-Za-z\]{2})\"/\>]{.mark}

[\</xsd:restriction\>]{.mark}

[\</xsd:simpleType\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:simpleType name=\"indicatorDataType\" id=\"ind.st\"\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:restriction base=\"xsd:string\"\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:whiteSpace value=\"preserve\"/\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:pattern value=\"\\p{IsBasicLatin}{1}\"/\>]{.mark}

[\</xsd:restriction\>]{.mark}

[\</xsd:simpleType\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:complexType name=\"subfieldatafieldType\"
id=\"subfield.ct\"\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:simpleContent\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:extension base=\"subfieldDataType\"\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:attribute name=\"id\" type=\"idDataType\"
use=\"optional\"/\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:attribute name=\"code\" type=\"subfieldcodeDataType\"
use=\"required\"/\>]{.mark}

[\</xsd:extension\>]{.mark}

[\</xsd:simpleContent\>]{.mark}

[\</xsd:complexType\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:simpleType name=\"subfieldDataType\" id=\"subfield.st\"\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:restriction base=\"xsd:string\"\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:whiteSpace value=\"preserve\"/\>]{.mark}

[\</xsd:restriction\>]{.mark}

[\</xsd:simpleType\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:simpleType name=\"subfieldcodeDataType\" id=\"code.st\"\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:restriction base=\"xsd:string\"\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:whiteSpace value=\"preserve\"/\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:pattern
value=\"(\\p{IsBasicLatin}\|\\p{IsLatin-1Supplement}){0,8}\"/\>]{.mark}

[\</xsd:restriction\>]{.mark}

[\</xsd:simpleType\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:simpleType name=\"idDataType\" id=\"id.st\"\>]{.mark}

[\<xsd:restriction base=\"xsd:ID\"/\>]{.mark}

[\</xsd:simpleType\>]{.mark}

[\</xsd:schema\>]{.mark}

B.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc173567628 .anchor}(informative)\
    Examples

## Example of a MARC 21 record that complies with MarcXchange {#example-of-a-marc-21-record-that-complies-with-marcxchange .a2}

[\<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?\>]{.mark}

[\<collection xmlns=\"]{.mark} info:lc/xmlns/marcxchange-v1[\"
xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\"
xsi:schemaLocation=\"]{.mark} info:lc/xmlns/marcxchange-v1
http://www.loc.gov/iso25577/v1/marcxchange-1-1.xsd[\"\>]{.mark}

[\<record format=\"MARC21\" type=\"Bibliographic\"\>]{.mark}

[\<leader\>01142cam 2200301 a 4500\</leader\>]{.mark}

[\<controlfield tag=\"001\"\> 92005291 \</controlfield\>]{.mark}

[\<controlfield tag=\"003\"\>DLC\</controlfield\>]{.mark}

[\<controlfield tag=\"005\"\>19930521155141.9\</controlfield\>]{.mark}

[\<controlfield tag=\"008\"\>920219s1993 caua j 000 0 eng
\</controlfield\>]{.mark}

[\<datafield tag=\"010\" ind1=\" \" ind2=\" \"\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"a\"\> 92005291 \</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\</datafield\>]{.mark}

[\<datafield tag=\"020\" ind1=\" \" ind2=\" \"\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"a\"\>0152038655 :\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"c\"\>\$15.95\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\</datafield\>]{.mark}

[\<datafield tag=\"040\" ind1=\" \" ind2=\" \"\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"a\"\>DLC\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"c\"\>DLC\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"d\"\>DLC\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\</datafield\>]{.mark}

[\<datafield tag=\"042\" ind1=\" \" ind2=\" \"\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"a\"\>lcac\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\</datafield\>]{.mark}

[\<datafield tag=\"050\" ind1=\"0\" ind2=\"0\"\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"a\"\>PS3537.A618\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"b\"\>A88 1993\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\</datafield\>]{.mark}

[\<datafield tag=\"082\" ind1=\"0\" ind2=\"0\"\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"a\"\>811/.52\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"2\"\>20\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\</datafield\>]{.mark}

[\<datafield tag=\"100\" ind1=\"1\" ind2=\" \"\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"a\"\>Sandburg, Carl,\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"d\"\>1878-1967.\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\</datafield\>]{.mark}

[\<datafield tag=\"245\" ind1=\"1\" ind2=\"0\"\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"a\"\>Arithmetic /\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"c\"\>Carl Sandburg ; illustrated as an anamorphic
adventure by Ted Rand.\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\</datafield\>]{.mark}

[\<datafield tag=\"250\" ind1=\" \" ind2=\" \"\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"a\"\>1st ed.\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\</datafield\>]{.mark}

[\<datafield tag=\"260\" ind1=\" \" ind2=\" \"\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"a\"\>San Diego :\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"b\"\>Harcourt Brace Jovanovich,\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"c\"\>c1993.\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\</datafield\>]{.mark}

[\<datafield tag=\"300\" ind1=\" \" ind2=\" \"\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"a\"\>1 v. (unpaged) :\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"b\"\>ill. (some col.) ;\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"c\"\>26 cm.\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\</datafield\>]{.mark}

[\<datafield tag=\"500\" ind1=\" \" ind2=\" \"\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"a\"\>One Mylar sheet included in
pocket.\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\</datafield\>]{.mark}

[\<datafield tag=\"520\" ind1=\" \" ind2=\" \"\>]{.mark}

> [\<subfield code=\"a\"\>A poem about numbers and their
> characteristics. Features anamorphic, or distorted, drawings which can
> be restored to normal by viewing from a particular angle or by viewing
> the image\'s reflection in the provided Mylar
> cone.\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\</datafield\>]{.mark}

[\<datafield tag=\"650\" ind1=\" \" ind2=\"0\"\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"a\"\>Arithmetic\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"x\"\>Juvenile poetry.\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\</datafield\>]{.mark}

[\<datafield tag=\"650\" ind1=\" \" ind2=\"0\"\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"a\"\>Children\'s poetry,
American.\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\</datafield\>]{.mark}

[\<datafield tag=\"650\" ind1=\" \" ind2=\"1\"\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"a\"\>Arithmetic\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"x\"\>Poetry.\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\</datafield\>]{.mark}

[\<datafield tag=\"650\" ind1=\" \" ind2=\"1\"\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"a\"\>American poetry.\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\</datafield\>]{.mark}

[\<datafield tag=\"650\" ind1=\" \" ind2=\"1\"\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"a\"\>Visual perception.\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\</datafield\>]{.mark}

[\<datafield tag=\"700\" ind1=\"1\" ind2=\" \"\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"a\"\>Rand, Ted,\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"e\"\>ill.\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\</datafield\>]{.mark}

[\</record\>]{.mark}

[\</collection\>]{.mark}

[]{.mark}

## The same MARC 21 record in a labelled display {#the-same-marc-21-record-in-a-labelled-display .a2}

For indicators the value \"blank\" is represented by underscore.

  --------- ------------------------------------------------------------------
  000       01142cam 2200301 a 4500

  **001**   92005291

  **003**   DLC

  **005**   19930521155141.9

  **008**   920219s1993 caua j 000 0 eng

  **010**   **\_\_\|a** 92005291

  **020**   **\_\_\|a**0152038655 :**\|c**\$15.95

  **040**   **\_\_\|a**DLC**\|c**DLC**\|d**DLC

  **042**   **\_\_\|a**lcac

  **050**   00**\|a**PS3537.A618**\|b**A88 1993

  **082**   00**\|a**811/.52**\|2**20

  **100**   1\_**\|a**Sandburg, Carl,**\|d**1878-1967.

  **245**   10**\|a**Arithmetic /**\|c**Carl Sandburg ; illustrated as an
            anamorphic adventure by Ted Rand.

  **250**   **\_\_\|a**1st ed.

  **260**   **\_\_\|a**San Diego :**\|b**Harcourt Brace
            Jovanovich,**\|c**c1993.

  **300**   **\_\_\|a**1 v. (unpaged) :**\|b**ill. (some col.) ;**\|c**26 cm.

  **500**   **\_\_\|a**One Mylar sheet included in pocket.

  **520**   **\_\_\|a**A poem about numbers and their characteristics.
            Features anamorphic, or distorted, drawings which can be restored
            to normal by viewing from a particular angle or by viewing the
            image\'s reflection in the provided Mylar cone.

  650       \_0**\|a**Arithmetic**\|x**Juvenile poetry.

  **650**   \_0**\|a**Children\'s poetry, American.

  **650**   \_1**\|a**Arithmetic**\|x**Poetry.

  **650**   \_1**\|a**American poetry.

  **650**   \_1**\|a**Visual perception.

  **700**   1\_**\|a**Rand, Ted,**\|e**ill.
  --------- ------------------------------------------------------------------

## Example of a UNIMARC record that complies with MarcXchange {#example-of-a-unimarc-record-that-complies-with-marcxchange .a2}

[\<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"windows-1251\"?\>]{.mark}

[\<collection xmlns=\"]{.mark} info:lc/xmlns/marcxchange-v1[\"
xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\"
xsi:schemaLocation=\"]{.mark} info:lc/xmlns/marcxchange-v1
http://www.loc.gov/iso25577/v1/marcxchange-1-1.xsd[\"\>]{.mark}

[\<record format=\"UNIMARC\" type=\"Bibliographic\"\>]{.mark}

[\<leader\>01307nam0 2200349 i 450 \</leader\>]{.mark}

[\<controlfield tag=\"001\"\>RU/NLR/BIBL/128053\</controlfield\>]{.mark}

[\<controlfield tag=\"005\"\>20050608165836.0\</controlfield\>]{.mark}

[\<datafield tag=\"010\" ind1=\" \" ind2=\" \"\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"a\"\>0-19-925621-7\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\</datafield\>]{.mark}

[\<datafield tag=\"100\" ind1=\" \" ind2=\" \"\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"a\"\>20050512d2003 u y0engy0189
ba\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\</datafield\>]{.mark}

[\<datafield tag=\"101\" ind1=\"0\" ind2=\" \"\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"a\"\>eng\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\</datafield\>]{.mark}

[\<datafield tag=\"102\" ind1=\" \" ind2=\" \"\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"a\"\>GB\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\</datafield\>]{.mark}

[\<datafield tag=\"105\" ind1=\" \" ind2=\" \"\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"a\"\>y \|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\</datafield\>]{.mark}

[\<datafield tag=\"200\" ind1=\"1\" ind2=\" \"\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"a\"\>The Liberal Party in rural England,
1885-1910\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"e\"\>radicalism and community\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"f\"\>Patricia Lynch\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\</datafield\>]{.mark}

[\<datafield tag=\"210\" ind1=\" \" ind2=\" \"\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"a\"\>Oxford\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"c\"\>Clarendon press\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"d\"\>2003\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\</datafield\>]{.mark}

[\<datafield tag=\"215\" ind1=\" \" ind2=\" \"\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"a\"\>X, 262 p.\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"d\"\>22\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\</datafield\>]{.mark}

[\<datafield tag=\"225\" ind1=\"1\" ind2=\" \"\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"a\"\>Oxford historical
monographs\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\</datafield\>]{.mark}

[\<datafield tag=\"320\" ind1=\" \" ind2=\" \"\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"a\"\>Bibliogr.: p.236-248\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\</datafield\>]{.mark}

[\<datafield tag=\"320\" ind1=\" \" ind2=\" \"\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"a\"\>Index: p.249-262\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\</datafield\>]{.mark}

[\<datafield tag=\"601\" ind1=\"0\" ind2=\"2\"\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"a\"\>Liberal Party (Great
Britain)\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"2\"\>lc\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\</datafield\>]{.mark}

[\<datafield tag=\"607\" ind1=\" \" ind2=\" \"\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"a\"\>Great Britain\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"x\"\>Politics and government\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"z\"\>1837-1901\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"2\"\>lc\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\</datafield\>]{.mark}

[\<datafield tag=\"607\" ind1=\" \" ind2=\" \"\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"a\"\>Great Britain\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"x\"\>Rural conditions\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"2\"\>lc\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\</datafield\>]{.mark}

[\<datafield tag=\"676\" ind1=\" \" ind2=\" \"\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"a\"\>324.24106\'09\'034\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"v\"\>21\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\</datafield\>]{.mark}

[\<datafield tag=\"700\" ind1=\" \" ind2=\"1\"\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"a\"\>Lynch\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"b\"\>P.\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"g\"\>Patricia\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\</datafield\>]{.mark}

[\<datafield tag=\"712\" ind1=\"0\" ind2=\"2\"\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"3\"\>RU/NLR/RU/AUTH/10023815\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"a\"\>Liberal Party\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"c\"\>Great Britain\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"4\"\>570\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\</datafield\>]{.mark}

[\<datafield tag=\"801\" ind1=\" \" ind2=\"0\"\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"a\"\>RU\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"b\"\>NLR\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"c\"\>20050512\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"g\"\>RCR\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\</datafield\>]{.mark}

[\<datafield tag=\"801\" ind1=\" \" ind2=\"1\"\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"a\"\>RU\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"b\"\>NLR\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"c\"\>20050512\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\</datafield\>]{.mark}

[\<datafield tag=\"801\" ind1=\" \" ind2=\"2\"\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"a\"\>RU\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"b\"\>NLR\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\<subfield code=\"c\"\>20050608\</subfield\>]{.mark}

[\</datafield\>]{.mark}

[\</record\>]{.mark}

[\</collection\>]{.mark}

## The same UNIMARC record in a labelled display {#the-same-unimarc-record-in-a-labelled-display .a2}

**For indicators the value \"blank\" is represented by underscore.**

  --------- ------------------------------------------------------------------
  **000**   01307nam0 2200349 I 450

  **001**   RU/NLR/BIBL/128053

  **005**   20050608165836.0

  **010**   **\_\_\$a**0-19-925621-7

  **100**   **\_\_\$a**20050512d2003 u y0engy0189 ba

  **101**   **0\_\$a**eng

  **102**   **\_\_\$a**GB

  **105**   **\_\_\$a**y \|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|

  **200**   **1\_\$a**The Liberal Party in rural England,
            1885-1910**\$e**radicalism and community**\$f**Patricia Lynch

  **210**   \_\_**\$a**Oxford**\$c**Clarendon press**\$d**2003

  **215**   \_\_**\$a**X, 262 p.**\$d**22

  **225**   **1\_\$**aOxford historical monographs

  **320**   **\_\_\$a**Bibliogr.: p.236-248

  **320**   **\_\_\$a**Index: p.249-262

  **601**   **02\$a**Liberal party (Great Britain)**\$2**lc

  **607**   **\_\_\$a**Great Britain**\$x**Politics and
            government**\$z**1837-1901**\$2**lc

  **607**   **\_\_\$a**Great Britain**\$x**Rural conditions**\$2**lc

  **676**   **\_\_\$a**324.24106'09'034**\$v**21

  **700**   **\_1\$a**Lynch**\$b**P.**\$g**Patricia

  **712**   **02\$3**RU/NLR/AUTH/10023815**\$a**Liberal party**\$c**Great
            Britain**\$4**570

  **801**   **\_0\$a**RU**\$b**NLR**\$c**20050512**\$g**RCR

  **801**   **\_1\$a**RU**\$b**NLR**\$c**20050512

  **801**   **\_2\$a**RU**\$b**NLR**\$c**20050608
  --------- ------------------------------------------------------------------

C.  [\
    ]{.mark}[]{#__RefHeading___Toc173567633 .anchor}[(normative)\
    Maintenance Responsibilities]{.mark}

The maintenance agency for ISO 25577 shall:

-   ensure that the MarcXchange schema remains valid in future versions
    of XML and XML schema;

-   register and maintain an informative list of MARC formats; and

-   publish a website with an updated version of the MarcXchange schema,
    the informative list of MARC formats and other relevant information.

D.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc173567634 .anchor}(informative)\
    Maintenance Agency

The designated Maintenance Agency for ISO 25577, *MarcXchange*, is:

Library of Congress\
Network Development and MARC Standards Office\
Washington, DC 20540 USA\
Email: marcxchange@loc.gov\
Web site: http://www.loc.gov/iso25577

url for version 1.1 of the schema:
<http://www.loc.gov/iso25577/v1/marcxchange-1-1.xsd>

namespace for all versions of the schema where the major version number
is 1 (e.g. 1.1, 1.2 etc.): info:lc/xmlns/marcxchange-v1

The MarcXchange schema may be updated to correct possible errors and/or
to conform to future versions of the XML schema standards. The web site
will contain a link to the most current version. Besides this the most
current version can always be found at:
<http://www.loc.gov/iso25577/marcxchange.xsd>