Project Number: AW-0507

Contract Number: TW-0500

Date: 2/1/94

**SPECIAL SPECIFICATION**

**SECTION 16501**

**[FLUORESCENT LUMINAIRES]{.underline}**

[Page]{.underline}

[PART 1 - GENERAL]{.underline}

1.01 Related Documens 1

1.02 References 1

1.03 Definitions 2

1.04 System Description 3

1.05 Submittals 3

1.06 Delivery, Storage, And Handling 6

[PART 2 - PRODUCTS]{.underline}

2.01 Luminaires 7

2.02 Ballast 10

2.03 Lamps 13

[PART 3 - EXECUTION]{.underline}

3.01 Installation 14

3.02 Field Quality Control 15

**SPECIAL SPECIFICATION**

**SECTION 16501**

**[FLUORESCENT LUMINARIES]{.underline}**

[PART 1 - GENERAL]{.underline}

1.01 [RELATED DOCUMENTS]{.underline}

A. [Provide]{.underline} materials, equipment, accessories, and
workmanship as specified on drawings. Make luminaire parts and
components not specifically identified on the drawings, of materials
most appropriate to their use or function, and resistant to corrosion
and to thermal and mechanical stresses encountered in normal application
and function of the luminaries.

B. [Provide]{.underline} luminaries of sizes, types, and ratings
indicated; complete with, but not necessarily limited to, housings,
lamps, starters and wiring. Provide each luminaire with lamps as
specified. Specifications for luminaire components such as reflectors,
lenses, lamps and ballasts shall be found elsewhere in this document.

1.02 [REFERENCES]{.underline}

A. [Title 10, Code of Federal Regulations, Department of
Energy]{.underline}

435 Energy Conservation Voluntary Performance Standards for New
Building; Mandatory for Federal Buildings.

436 Federal Energy Management Programs.

B. [Illumination Engineering Society (IES) Lighting Handbook, 8th
Edition]{.underline}

C. [American National Standards Institute (ANSI)]{.underline}

C78.1 For The Dimensional and Electrical Characteristics of Fluorescent
Lamps.

C81.61 For Electrical Lamps Bases.

C81.63 For Gauges For Electrical Lamp Bases and Lampholders.

C82.1 For Ballast For Fluorescent Lamps - Specifications.

C82.2 Fluorescent Lamp Ballasts - Methods of Measurement.

1.03 [DEFINITIONS]{.underline}

A. [Ballast Efficacy Factor (BEF)]{.underline}: ratio of relative light
output to power input in watts, at specified test conditions, expressed
as a percent.

B. [Ballast Factor (BF)]{.underline}: ratio of a commercial ballast lamp
lumens to a reference ballast lamp lumens, used to correct lamp lumen
output form rated to actual.

C. [Coefficient of Utilization (CU)]{.underline}: ratio of lumens form a
luminaire calculated as received on the workplane to the lumens emitted
by the luminaire\'s lamps.

D. [Color Rendering Index (CRI)]{.underline}: a measure of the degree of
color shift objects undergo when illuminated by the light source as
compared with those same objects when illuminated by a reference source
of comparable color temperature.

E. [Correlated Color Temperature (CCT)]{.underline}: the absolute
temperature of a blackbody whose chromaticity most nearly resembles that
of the light source.

F. [Efficacy]{.underline}: the total luminous flux emitted by a lamp
divided by the total lamp power input; expressed in lumens per watt.

G. [Efficiency]{.underline}: the lumens emitted by a luminaire divided
by the lumens generated by the luminaire\'s lamps.

H. [Lamp Current Crest Factor (LCCF)]{.underline}: ratio of peak lamp
current to the root mean square (RMS) lamp current. Higher LCCF
contribute to a reduction in lamp life.

1.04 [SYSTEM DESCRIPTION]{.underline}

A. [Design Requirements]{.underline}:

1\. Contractor shall provide luminaries fabricated, wired and installed
in compliance with current edition of applicable city, state and
national codes.

2\. Contractor shall provide interior luminaries and electrical
components listed and labeled by UL or Electrical Testing Laboratories
(EL). Lighting equipment shall comply with UL standards pertaining to
interior luminaries including: UL 1570 and UL 542.

3\. Contractor shall provide luminaries which comply with applicable
requirements of the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA)
LE 4 pertaining to recessed luminaries and with NFPA 70, National
Electrical Code, as applicable to construction and installation of
interior building luminaries.

1.05 [SUBMITTALS]{.underline}

A. [Product Data]{.underline}:

1\. Luminaire information shall be submitted where directed in
Specification Section 01300 and on all equipment furnished by the
contractor with internal wiring and controls differing from the contract
drawings or not shown on the contract drawings.

2\. Luminaires or other materials shall not be shipped, stored or
installed until submitted shop drawings, samples, catalogue cuts, test
data, certificated, or other accordance with submittal comments.

B. [Shop Drawings]{.underline}:

1\. Shop drawings, samples, test data and certificates shall be
submitted for SNL approval in accordance with submittal list and
drawings. Submit samples at SNL\'s request catalogue cuts, complete
photometric records and cost savings documentation. Submit documentation
detailing software or method used to determine all cost, and both
fixture calculations and cost feasibility studies for substitutions. In
addition, the following information shall be submitted:

a\. Photometrics shall be prepared by an Independent Testing Laboratory
(ITL) for the same lamp/ballast combinations as specified per drawings.
Photometric data shall be submitted with the specified lamp/ballast
combination, at the time mannufacturer\'s cuts are submitted.
Photometric testing and reporting shall conform to IES LM - 41
procedures and include: luminaire catalogue number, lamp type, ballast,
ballast factor, input watts, and 10 increments for 0 to 180 vertical,
candlepower distribution curves, lumen output data and spacing criteria.

1\. Substitutions shall be equal to or better than luminaries specified
and include the same lamp lumens (avg.), color rendering, and be equal
to or exceed maximum lamp life. Substitute information shall include
manufacture recommended external fuse size.

2\. Costs savings report shall include: maintenance factor for group
relamping; A/C cost savings; luminaire heat load contribution and heat
cost savings; ballast replacement cost; group relamping cost; ballast
factor for lamp/ballast combination, ballast efficacy factor, wattage
per square foot for total area(s) where luminaire is being installed;
projected payback period. Submit ITL test data for ballast verifying
compliance with specification requirement for project specific
lamp/ballast combinations.

b\. Applications for specular retrofit reflectors to existing
luminaries, Contractor shall submit a computer generated plot of
illuminance at a work plane height of 2\'-6\" above finished floor, and
luminance on walls and ceilings for typical spaced indicated on
drawings. Calculations shall model partial height partitions,
architectural elements, furnishings, or obstructions above 2\'-6\".
Include documentation identifying computer program used and input forms
listings assumptions for room reflectance, initial lamp lumens, ballast
factor, luminaries dirt depreciation, lamp lumen depreciation and room
surface dirt depreciation. Photometric data shall be generated from
existing luminaire with proposed reflector and tested by ITL.

c\. Shop drawings shall indicate materials, finishes, metal gauges,
overall and detail dimensions, sizes, electrical and mechanical
connections, fasteners, welds, joints, end conditions, and provisions
for the work of others. Indicate complete details of luminaire including
manufacturers catalogue numbers for sockets, ballasts, lightshields,
switches and type of wiring, and targeting and locking devices for
adjustable luminaries. Indicate type and extent of junctions of
dissimilar metals. Standard catalogue cuts shall be supplemented by
additional drawings if information or descriptions listed above are not
included in the cuts.

d\. Contractor shall submit catalogue cuts of lamps and ballasts to be
provided for each type luminaire.

C. [Samples]{.underline}:

1\. Contractor shall submit 2 samples. Supply a completely operable
luminaire with lamp(s), and a six foot long cord and plug for standard
120 volt service. For 277 volt luminaries, contractor shall provide
277/120 volt transformers if required by SNL.

2\. Contractor shall tag samples with project name and number, equipment
number, and luminaire type. Contractor shall deliver samples to SNL
representative for review. SDR shall notify Contractor to transport
sample to work site after review has been completed. Transportation
costs shall be Contractors responsibility. Contractor shall make
luminaries identical with approved samples.

1.06 [DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING]{.underline}

A. [Luminaries shall comply as follows]{.underline}:

1\. Luminaries shall be provided with fluorescent lamps in quantity,
type and wattage, and compatible with ballast, as specified.

2\. Exposed finishes shall be protected during manufacture, transport,
storage, and handling. Delivered materials shall be identical to
approved samples. Damaged materials shall be repaired and/or replaced as
directed by SDR.

B. [Acceptable at Site]{.underline}:

1\. SDR has the right to refuse acceptance of damaged luminaries, their
accessories, and materials not approved by SNL submittal process. Costs
for removing refused materials and supplying required equipment will be
at Contractor\'s expense.

C. [Storage and Protection]{.underline}:

1\. Luminaries shall be stored under cover, above ground, in clean, dry
areas, and shall be labeled as to type of fixture, project number, and
location to be installed.

2\. Contractor shall be responsible for all costs for transportation of
fixtures, labor, vehicle, packing materials and pallets.

[PART 2 - PRODUCTS]{.underline}

2.01 [LUMINARIES]{.underline}

A. [Luminaries shall comply as follows]{.underline}:

1\. Luminaries shall be provided with fluorescent lamps in quantity,
type and wattage, and compatible with ballasts, as specified.

2\. Contractor shall verify whether luminaries require air return
capability or are to be static.

3\. When specified, fluorescent luminaries shall have electromagnetic
interference filters. Filters shall either be integral or external to
the ballast, but must be integral to luminaire assemble. Provide one
filter per ballast that suppressed electromagnetic interference as
required by MIL-STD-461, \"Electromagnetic Emissions and Susceptibility
Requirements for the Control of Electromagnetic Interference.\"

4\. Luminaries shall meet applicable UL 1570 requirements. The
appropriate UL label or listing, or ETL Testing Laboratory label or
listing, will be acceptable as evidence of compliance with UL 1570.
Luminaries shall also comply with applicable National Electrical Code
provisions, with energy efficiency requirements mandated by 10 CFR 435
and 436, including requirements mandated in the National Energy Policy
Act of 1992.

5\. Luminaries shall be fully assembled when shipped from the factory.

6\. Plainly mark all luminaries for operation of specified lamps and
ballasts and according to proper lamp type in accordance with UL
Publication 1570 entitled \"Standard for Safety - Fluorescent Lighting
Fixtures\". The following lamp characteristics should be noted:

a\. Lamp diameter code (T-8, T-10, T-12), with nominal lamp wattage.

b\. Start type (rapid start, instant start),

c\. Correlated color temperature (CCT) and color rendering index (CRI).

7\. Unless otherwise noted, use only completely concealed hardware.
Latching on luminaire door frames shall be unobtrusive. Make luminaire
free from light leaks by the inherent design of the body and frame. Bond
gaskets, when used, to the luminaire metal. Use bottom relamping unless
otherwise noted.

8\. [Luminaire wiring]{.underline}:

a\. Provide wiring between fluorescent lampholders and associated
operating and starting equipment in compliance with UL 1570 and NEC.

9\. [Lampholders]{.underline}:

a\. Provide fluorescent luminaire lampholders that are white,
constructed of heat resistant plastic. Lampholders shall comply with UL
542 and ANSI C81.

b\. Provide lampholders suitable for specified lamps, and position lamps
in optically correct spacing and relationship to lenses, reflectors,
filters, and baffles.

10\. [Finishes]{.underline}:

a\. Provide reflective surfaces with a white baked enamel finish with a
minimum reflectance of 86%. Prior to painting, give all parts proper
etched surface preparation to assure paint adherence and durability.

11\. [Lenses/Louvers/Trim]{.underline}:

a\. All lenses and louvers shall be held positively within door frames
so hinging or motion of frame will not cause diffusing element to drop
out. Trim shall be drawn to ceiling as tight as necessary, insuring
complete contact of trim with ceiling surrounding luminaire.

b\. Unless otherwise specified, prismatic lenses shall be made of clear
virgin acrylic of nominal 0.125\" overall thickness for nominal 2\' x
4\' pieces; lens shall be composed of 3/16\" square female prismatic
cones with non-convex prism faces of maximum 0/080\" depth and aligned
to 45 to length and width of lens panel; lens shall be a minimum of 7.5
oz. per square foot; shall be strain-free and uniform in appearance;
shall have minimum 80% visible transmittance.

12\. [Reflectors]{.underline}:

a\. Aluminum reflectors and shielding media shall have a minimum
thickness in accordance with current UL standard 1570 for ballast
covers.

Reflectors shall be absolutely free of tooling marks, spinning lines,
and indentation marks caused by riveting or other assemble techniques.
No rivets, springs or other hardware shall be visible after
installation.

b\. Reflectors shall be free from blemishes, scratches, or indentations
which would distort their reflective function.

c\. Any aluminum reflector, cone, or baffle, utilized in whole or in
part within bottom two inches of luminaries, shall have low iridescent
coating to reduce rainbow effect from tri-phosphor lamps.

d\. Specular silver reflectors shall be comprised of unitized single
piece construction for permanent mounting inside luminaire. A
multi-piece reflector assemble shall only be considered if parts
maintain fixed and accurate positioning in relation to lamps and
housing, installation costs are not increased, and ballast access and
luminaire maintenance is not compromised. Use a minimum reflector
thickness of 0.020 inch consisting of silver film laminated on aluminum
or steel substrate or high performance aluminum finish or multiple thin
film coating. Material shall retain a minimum 93% specular reflectivity,
96% image clarity, and 95% total reflectivity for a minimum of 5 years,
when cleaned as directed.

2.02 [BALLAST]{.underline}

A. [Ballast for fluorescent fixtures]{.underline} shall be \"UL
listed\", comply with Safety Standard UL 935, \"CBM\" labeled, and
certified to meet ANSI 82.1.

B. [Ballast shall be rated]{.underline} as \"high power factor\" and
shall be \"Class P\" with thermostatic (automatic resetting) type
internal protection.

C. [Ballasts for fluorescent luminaries]{.underline} shall be sound
rated by the manufacturer and shall have a rating of \"A\" (20-24 lb).

D. [Ballast rated for low temperature]{.underline} starting (starting at
temperatures around -20) shall be provided in fixtures mounted in cold
rooms, unheated buildings, outdoors, or as indicated on drawings.

E. [Ballast mounted in fixed]{.underline} or permanently installed
fluorescent fixtures shall be provided with an externally removable fuse
holder and fuse in the input power line.

1\. The fuse holder shall ba a BUSS type HLR, installed in the ballast
compartment, such that the conductors are not exposed in lamp
compartment or externally.

2\. Fuses shall be glass tube, dual element, time-delay type (Bussman
\"Fusetron\" type GMF or equal).

3\. Fuseholder shall mounted so that it can be removed either from
outside fixture enclosure at fixture end or from inside the lamp
compartment, without opening ballast compartment.

4\. Fuse size shall be specified on equipment list or drawings. In case
of substitution, external fuse size shall be included with manufacturer
data.

F. [Ballast shall be marked]{.underline} showing compatibility with
Energy Saving Lamps.

G. [Ballast shall meet]{.underline} minimum efficiency and efficacy
factors as specified in Appendix A.

H. [Ballasts shall not contain]{.underline} polychlorinated biphenyl
(PCBs).

I. [Total Line Current Harmonic Distortion]{.underline} shall not exceed
20%.

J. [Energy Savings Ballast]{.underline} shall also comply to the
following:

1\. Energy savings ballasts designed for F40/T-12/RS lamps shall be
compatible for use with both 40 watt and 34 watt lamps.

2\. Light output BF shall be no less than 0.95 (+.025) when tested with
40 watt lamps and no less than 0.875 (+.025) when tested with 34 watt
lamps.

3\. Ballasts shall have an electronic component which cuts off power to
lamp filaments of a rapid star lamp(s), once lamp(s) have started.

4\. Cathode voltage for rapid start lamps during starting shall be
between 3.4 and 4.5v across a dummy load and between, 2.5 and 4.0v
during operation as per ANSI C82.

5\. LCCF shall not exceed 1.7 when tested with 40 watt T-12 lamps, nor
exceed 1.9 for 34 watt lamps, as per ANSI C82.1.

6\. Dimming ballasts shall only be used on a dimming circuit designed
expressly for cathode cut-out type ballasts and shall not reduce lamp
life.

K. [Electronic ballast]{.underline} shall also comply with the
following:

1\. Ballast shall be specifically designed for the operation of T-8
lamps.

2\. Light output (BF) shall be between .85 and 1.0 when tested with a
compatible full-wattage lamp (40W T-12 or 32W T-8).

3\. Ballast shall be regulated to maintain light output which does not
vary more than [+]{.underline} 5% for all 4-foot rapid start fluorescent
lamps in the proper lamp/ballast combination within operating ranges of
[+]{.underline} 10% of center voltage. (E.g.: 120V or 277V).

4\. Cathode voltage for rapid start lamps during starting shall be
between 3.4 and 4.5V during operation per ANSI C82.1.

5\. Ballast shall have a frequency of operation of 20 kHz or greater and
incorporate adequate 50 Hz filtering in order to operate with less than
5% flicker (maximum 0.20 Flicker Index) with any triphosor lamp suitable
for use with ballast.

6\. LCCF shall not exceed 1.7 when tested with 40W T-12 or T-8 lamps.

7\. Electronic ballast THD shall not exceed 15%.

L. [Dimmable Electronic Ballast]{.underline} shall also comply with:

1\. Ballast shall be high frequency, solid state type for adjustable
light output control of fluorescent lamps.

2\. Ballast shall dim continuously from 100% to at least 20% of full
light output without strobe effect or lamp flicker.

3\. BF shall not be less than .89 ([+]{.underline}, 025) at 100% output
and not less than 0.15 when dimmed to 20% power (tested with 40W T-12
lamp).

4\. THD shall not exceed 20% throughout the dimming range.

5\. LCCF shall not exceed 1.7 throughout the dimming range.

6\. Ballast shall maintain full lamp filament heat during dimming or
normal operation of lamps and capable of operating lamps at full output
if dimming components fail.

2.03 [LAMPS]{.underline}

A. [Lamps provided]{.underline} shall conform to ANSI C78.1.

B. [New lamps shall be provided]{.underline} for each fluorescent
fixture installed. Lamps shall be free or dirt fingerprints; therefore,
wiped when installed.

C. [Unless otherwise specified]{.underline}, lamp phosphors shall be a
composition which includes tri-stimulus or modified tri-stimulus rare
earth phosphors, with a CCT of 3500 Kelvin and a CRI of not less than
69.

D. [Mortality curves]{.underline} shall show that less than 10% of lamps
are burned out at 70% or rated life.

[PART 3 - EXECUTION]{.underline}

3.01 [INSTALLATION]{.underline}

A. [Install luminaires]{.underline} complete with lamps, parts,
attachments, devices, hardware, hangers, cables, supports, channels,
frames, brackets, and internal and external wiring as specified by
drawings.

B. [Coordinate installation]{.underline} of luminaires with other trades
to insure installations do not interfere with other work.

C. [Install luminaires]{.underline} plumb, square, and level with
ceiling and walls, and in alignment with adjacent lighting fixtures.
Unless otherwise specified, recessed luminaires flush mounting in
ceiling grid shall be secured in place using \"Caddy Acoustical Tee Bar
Clip\" (Cat No. 515, or similar).

D. [Install luminaires]{.underline}, complete with lamps, with
protective wrapping (plastic protective cover on parabolic insert or
acrylic lens) in place.

E. [Ground non-current carrying parts]{.underline} of electrical
equipment in accordance with UL and NEC provisions.

F. [Conduit shall not fasten]{.underline} to Tee Bar support hangers,
but be supported by building steel, unistrut, or some channel installed
for the specific reason to support conduit.

3.02 [FIELD QUALITY CONTROL]{.underline}

A. [Upon completion of installation]{.underline} of lighting fixtures,
and after circuits have been energized, apply power and demonstrate
capability and compliance with requirements. Correct or remove and
replace malfunctioning units, then re-test to demonstrate compliance.
Coordinate field tests with SDR.

1\. Lamps shall be fully operable, no burnt-out lamps. Burnout lamps
shall be replaced.

2\. Remove any protective covering form luminaires. Clean all dirt,
fingerprints and debris from lens, parabolic insert, lamps and lamp
compartment.

END OF SECTION

APPENDIX A

A1.01 [TABLES]{.underline}

A. [National Energy Conservation Standard for Fluorescent Lamp Ballast
Table]{.underline}:

Ballast Total Nominal Ballast

[Application]{.underline} [Input Voltage]{.underline} [Lamp
Watts]{.underline} [Efficacy Factor]{.underline}

\(1\) F40T12 Lamp 120V 40 1.805

\(1\) F40T12 Lamp 277V 40 1.805

\(2\) F40T12 Lamps 120V 80 1.060

\(2\) F40T12 Lamps 277V 80 1.050

\(2\) F96T12 Lamps 120V 150 0.570

\(2\) F96T12 Lamps 277V 150 0.570

\(2\) F96T12/HO Lamps 120V 220 0.390

\(2\) F96T12/HO Lamps 277V 220 0.390

B. [Exceptions]{.underline}:

1\. Dimming ballasts, ballasts designed to operate at 0 or less are
exempted from these standards.

C. [Ballast Factor (BF)]{.underline}:

1\. BF must meet or exceed the following:

a\. 40 Watt or slimline must be 92.5% or greater.

b\. High Output lamps must be 95% or greater.

2\. BF must be determined by laboratory testing, not by calculations.

D. Minimum Efficiency Standards Table:

Lamp Nominal Minimum Avg. Lamp

[Type]{.underline} [Lamp Wattage]{.underline} [CRI]{.underline}
[Efficacy (LPW)\*]{.underline}

F40 \>35W 69 75

F40 \<35W 45 75

F40/U \>35W 69 68

F40/U \<35W 45 64

F96T12 \>65W 69 80

F96T12 \<65W 45 80

F96T12 \>100W 69 80

F96T12 \<100W 45 80

\* Lumen per Watt Efficacy

E. Fluorescent lamps impacted by minimum efficiencies standards are:

1\. F40 bi-pin rapid-start straight lamps and U-shaped rated at 28 watts
or more.

2\. F96/HO, high output lamps, 96 inches in length, rapid start, 800 ma.
types.

3\. F96, slimline 96 inches in length, instant start, single pin of 52
watts or more.