**PROJECT INSTRUCTIONS**

Version: December 07, 2004

######### **NOAA Ship RONALD H. BROWN, R-104**

Cruise RB-05 -1A

Valparaiso - Punta Arenas

December 29, 2004 - January 6, 2005

and

Cruise RB-05-01

Punta Arenas - Fortaleza

January 11, 2005 - February 24, 2005

**CO~2~ and Tracer Study**

### Co-chief scientist

Rik Wanninkhof

NOAA/AOML

Ocean Chemistry Division

4301 Rickenbacker Causeway

Miami FL, 33149

Phone 305-361-4379

Fax 305-361-4392

Email: rik.wanninkhof@noaa.gov

# Co-chief scientist

Scott Doney

Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry MS #25

Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

360 Woods Hole Road

Woods Hole, MA 02543-1543

Phone: 508-289-3776

Fax: 508-457-2193

Email: sdoney@whoi.edu

ENDORSEMENTS

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\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Judith Gray RADM Richard R. Behn, Director, Marine and Acting Director,
Atlantic Oceanographic Aviation Operations

and Meteorological Laboratory

**PROJECT INSTRUCTIONS**

**NOAA SHIP RONALD H. BROWN**

**RB-04-13 and**

**RB-05-01**

**CO~2~ and Tracer Study**

Note: Updates on the RB-04-13 and RB-05-01 cruises will be posted at:
**http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/ocd/gcc/A16S**

The text for this cruise report is largely derived from the cruise
instructions for the A16N cruise RB-03-04 by John Bullister of PMEL. The
similarity in instructions reflects the similar logistics, science
operations and requirements for A16S compared to A16N.

**I. CRUISE OVERVIEW**

**A.) Summary of Objectives**:

This cruise will be part of a decadal series of repeat hydrography
sections jointly funded by NOAA-OGP and NSF-OCE as part of the
CLIVAR/CO2/hydrography/tracer program:
http://ushydro.ucsd.edu/history_justification.html. Academic
institutions and NOAA research laboratories participate. The program
focuses on the need to monitor inventories of CO~2~, heat and freshwater
and their transports in the ocean. Earlier programs under WOCE and JGOFS
have provided a baseline observational field for these parameters. The
new measurements reveal much about the changing patterns on decadal
scales. The program serves as a backbone to assess changes in the
ocean\'s biogeochemical cycle in response to natural and/or man-induced
activity. Global warming-induced changes in the ocean's transport of
heat and freshwater, which could affect the circulation by decreasing or
shutting down the thermohaline overturning, can be followed through
long-term measurements. The Repeat Hydrography Program provides a robust
observational framework to monitor these long-term trends. The goal of
the effort is to occupy a set of hydrographic transects with full water
column measurements over the global ocean to study physical and
hydrographic changes over time.  These measurements are in support of:

> \* Model calibration and validation\
> \* Carbon system studies\
> \* Heat and freshwater storage and flux studies\
> \* Deep and shallow water mass and ventilation studies\
> \* Calibration of autonomous sensors

This program follows the invasion of anthropogenic CO~2~, CFCs and other
tracers into intermediate and deep water on decadal timescales and
determines the variability of the inorganic carbon system, and its
relationship to biological and physical processes. More details on the
program can be found at the website referenced above.

Near surface seawater (temperature, salinity, pCO~2~, ADCP) and
atmospheric measurements (CO~2~, CFCs, aerosols) will be made along the
cruise track with stations at nominally at 30 mile spacing from 60 ˚S to
5 ˚S; from 5 ˚S to 3 ˚S spacing will decrease to 15 miles to capture the
smaller spatial scales of variability in the region. A few PALACE-type
profiling floats will be deployed along the section, along with special
'Carbon Explorer' profiling floats designed to measure particulate
inorganic carbon (PIC).

On the transit leg from Valparaiso - Punta Arenas a two-day transect
will be occupied from the coast to about 50 miles offshore. The focus is
to explore the effects of nutrient uptake by marine algae on carbon
sequestration in coastal surface sediments and to assess changes in
paleoproductivity and paleo denitrification from measurements in
sediments cores and water column.

**B.) Operating Area:**

The RB- 05-01a cruise will depart Valparaiso en route to Punta Arenas
closely skirting the coast nominally following the 200- m isobath. Off
Concepcion (36 ˚S, 73 ˚W) a series of seven stations will be occupied
that include water column measurements and sediment coring. Figure 1
shows a map of the area and Appendix B provides details about the
project and project needs.

The RB-05-01b cruise will focus on completing a long meridional section
through the middle of the South Atlantic, nominally along 25/28 ˚W from
60 ˚S to 4 ˚S. (See Figure 2). The section will be occupied
January/February 2005 and repeats leg 5 South Atlantic Ventilation
Experiment (SAVE) in 1989. This is also a repeat of a NOAA cruise in
July/August 1991, during which a full suite of inorganic carbon, and
hydrographic measurements were performed as far south as 42 ˚S. Thus the
upcoming cruise will yield a first comprehensive snapshot of changes in
anthropogenic CO~2~ inventories and hydrographic changes in the region
over the last decade. Full water column CTD stations will be occupied at
30 nautical mile intervals and include collecting water samples from
Niskin bottles for a variety of physical, chemical and biological
parameters.

During the transit from Punta Arenas to the start of the line RB-05-01 a
few brief (\~2 hours each) test casts may be performed to check the
CTD/rosette package and collect water samples for instrument testing.
These tests will involve stopping the ship and lowering the packages
into the water. The locations of these tests will be chosen during the
transit leg once the analytical gear is running, and in consultation
with the ship's captain.

**C.) Participating Institutions**:

AOML NOAA-Atlantic Ocean Marine Laboratory

Hawaii University of Hawaii

LDEO Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University

LBNL Lawrence-Berkeley National Laboratory

UM University of Miami

PMEL NOAA-Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory

SIO Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San
Diego

TAMU Texas A&M University

UW University of Washington

WHOI Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

Concep Departamento de Oceanografía Universidad de Concepción

CWU Central Washington University

USF University of South Florida

U. Montana University of Montana

**D.) Personnel**

List of personnel on A16S Cruise- as of December 7, 2005

**Cruise RB-04 -13 (or RB05-01A) Valparaiso - Punta Arenas** Dec. 29,
2004 - January 6, 2005

[Position Name Institution Gender Nationality]{.underline}

Oceanographer Jordan Watson UCSD male US

Oceanographer Luis Bravo Concep male Chilean

Oceanographer Alejandro Avila Concep male Chilean

Oceanographer Rodrigo Castro Concep male Chilean

Oceanographer Sergio Contreras Concep male Chilean

Oceanographer Pamela Rossel Concep female Chilean

Co-Chief scientist Julio Sepúlveda Concep male Chilean

Co-Chief scientist Kevin Sullivan AOML male US

**Cruise RB05-01 Punta Arenas - Fortaleza** January 11, 2005 - February
24, 2005

[Position Name Institution Gender Nationality]{.underline}

Co-Chief Sci Rik Wanninkhof AOML M US

Co-Chief Sci Scott Doney WHOI M US

Data Manager Frank Delahoyde SIO M US

Watch stander Naomi Levine WHOI F US

Watch stander Carlos Fonseca UM M Brazil

CTD process Kristy McTaggart PMEL F US

LADCP/ET Doug Anderson AOML M US

LADCP/ET Philip Orton LDEO M US

Salinity David Wisegarver PMEL M US

O~2~ Chris Langdon UM M US

O~2~ George Berberian AOML M US Nutrients Charlie Fischer AOML M US

Nutrients Calvin Mordy JISAU M US

CFC Mark Warner UW M US

CFC John Bullister PMEL M US

CFC Eric Wisegarver PMEL M US

Helium/Trit **TBA**

HCFC Shari Yvon-Lewis TAMU F US

HCFC Benjamin Kates AOML M  US

Alkalinity/pH William Hiscock UM M US

Alkalinity/pH John Michael Trapp UM M US

Alkalinity/pH Mareva Chanson UM F France

Alkalinity/pH Taylor Graham UM M US

DIC Esa Peltola AOML M US

DIC Robert Castle AOML M US

DOM Wenhao Chen UM M Canada

POC/PIC Alexandra Thompson   LBNL  F  New Zealand

CO2development Zhaohui Alex Wang USF M China

CO2development Brittany Doupnik USF F US

SAMI/pCO~2~ Stacy Smith U. Montana F US

Aerosol Matt Lenington CWU M US

**TOTAL 31**

**E.) Administrative**:

**Clearances:**

Foreign science clearances required: United Kingdom (UK)(pending), and
Chile (obtained)

Science clearance has been requested (through LCDR Scott Stolz,
associate director, NOAA-AOML, and Wanda Campbell AMC) to work in the
EEZs of the UK (for the South Sandwich Islands) and Chile. The cruise
plan assumes that clearance to work in the EEZ of the protectorate of
the UK will be obtained. Failure to obtain clearance from the UK will
severely impact the success of the expedition. Lack of Chilean clearance
might alter and lengthen the transit from Valparaiso to Punta Arenas.

**Logistics:**

Loading of the scientific equipment for this expedition on RONALD H.
BROWN will occur at different stages. Two container vans were loaded on
in Miami during the last port stop in the US in September, 2004 and
placed forward on the O2 deck. One laboratory container van with CO~2~
equipment and boxes containing CFC equipment will be loaded in
Valparaiso Chile prior to the transit to Punta Arenas. The remainder of
equipment (CTD and other scientific gear) will be loaded in Punta
Arenas.. Most personnel will embark in Punta Arenas.

Scientific equipment will be boxed up and placed in the container vans
upon arrival in Fortaleza. The containers and boxes gear will either be
offloaded in Barbados or, if space is available, in Charleston SC

Loading, offloading and storage will occur in consultation with the
ship\'s command to avoid impact on preceding and following cruises and
ship\'s operations.

**II. OPERATIONS**

**A.) Data to be collected Lead PI**:

CTD Greg Johnson-PMEL

Salinity Greg Johnson-PMEL

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) John Bullister-PMEL; Mark Warner-UW

HCFCs Shari Yvon-Lewis-AOML

Total CO~2~(DIC), Rik Wanninkhof-AOML; Dick Feely-PMEL

pCO~2~ (discrete) Rik Wanninkhof-AOML

Nutrients: Calvin Mordy-JISAU; Jia-Zhong Zhang-AOML

Dissolved Oxygen Chris Langdon- UM

Helium/tritium: Peter Schlosser-LDEO

Total Alkalinity Frank Millero-UM

pH Frank Millero-UM

ADCP: Eric Firing-Hawaii; Andreas Thurnherr - LDEO

ALACE Float deployment Silvia Garzoli-AOML; Breck Owens-WHOI,

PIC/POC Jim Bishop-LBNL; Wilf Gartner, TAMU

DOC Dennis Hansell-Miami

13-C, 14-C Ann McNichol-WHOI

Bathymetry Ship personnel

Underway thermosalinograph Ship personnel

Underway pCO~2~ Rik Wanninkhof-AOML

Aerosols Anne Johansen of Central Washington University

SAMI/CO2 Mike DeGrandpre - U. Montana

CO2/ system development Robert Byrne - USF

Sediment interface project Leg 05-01A Silvio Pantoja - Universidad de
Concepción

**B.) Staging Plan**

Loading of gear will be (or has been) done in Miami, Valparaiso, and
Punta Arenas. Setup will occur in Valparaiso, Punta Arenas, and during
the transit from Valparaiso to Punta Arenas. The ship\'s crane will be
used in Valparaiso to load an ISO fitted laboratory van. The scientific
party will require assistance from the ship in loading and storing gear,
and will need access to the laboratories for setup and testing of
instruments. Several laboratory vans were loaded in Miami on a space
available basis (see Appendix D):

Copies of equipment lists, including serial numbers and country of
origin must be supplied to the commanding officer (CO) and chief
scientists prior to the departure of the ship from Punta Arenas. It is
the responsibility of each group of investigators to arrange for
shipping their equipment to and from the RONALD H. BROWN, including
preparing all necessary customs or export/import documentation,
hazardous materials (HAZMAT) forms and transfers to the ship. Any
modifications to the ship\'s equipment or special requirements for this
cruise should be brought to the attention of the Field Operations Office
(FOO) and chief scientists as soon as possible.

We anticipate unloading and shipping the scientific vans from
Bridgetown, Barbados following the completion of the cruise, or in a US
port, if possible, on a following leg.

**C.) Cruise Plan**:

The current itinerary based on draft obtained from FOO, Lt. Mike Hoshlyk
July 9, 2004 is listed below.

**Cruise RB-05-01A**

**Schedule as of December 7, 2004**

Valparaiso - Punta Arenas

December 29, 2004 - January 6, 2005

**Cruise RB-05-01**

Punta Arenas - Fortaleza

January 11, 2005 - February 24, 2005

**Cruise RB-05-01b (Transit)**

Fortaleza- Bridgetown

March 2 - March 8

**Leg RB-04-13 =RB-05-01A**: Valparaiso, Chile to Punta Arenas, Chile

The vessel will depart Valparaiso, and steam toward Punta Arenas along
the coast nominally following the 200 m isobath. At Concepcion a series
of seven stations will be occupied (see Figure 1)

![](media/image1.png){width="5.604861111111111in"
height="3.551388888888889in"}

Our goal is to occupy a series of 7 stations across the upwelling front
with decreasing nutrient concentrations (Figure 1). CTD/Niskin/Rosette
will be provided by the scientific party from the Departamento de
Oceanografía Universidad de Concepción. Details are provided in appendix
B.

**Leg RB-05-01**: A16S_2005- Punta Arenas, Chile to Fortaleza, Brazil;

After departing Punta Arenas, the vessel will steam to the start of the
A16S_2005 section at 60 ˚S, 31 ˚W and begin a series of full water
column stations (for station locations and estimated station and
steaming times see Appendix C). On most casts the CTD/rosette will be
lowered to within 10 meters of the bottom. CTD stations will be occupied
at a nominal spacing of 30 nautical miles. Station spacing will be
closer from 5 ˚S to 3 ˚S. Water samples will be collected with a 36
position, twelve-liter CTD/rosette system. Three additional rosette
systems: a 36 position, 10-liter rosette (as back-up); a 24 position
4-liter rosette (for rough weather sampling) and a 24 position 10-liter
rosette (for sampling under marginal conditions) will also be available.
If the section to 3 ˚S is completed ahead of schedule, we plan to extend
the section northward or sample the Romanche fracture zone in this
region. At the completion of the section work, the ship will steam to
port in Fortaleza. We anticipate that the vans and some scientific gear
will remain on the RONALD H. BROWN until the ship arrives in Bridgetown
or at a US port.

**D.) Waypoints**:

The cruise track is shown in Figure 2 and a list of station locations is
given in Appendix C.

![](media/image2.pct){width="4.065972222222222in"
height="4.975694444444445in"}

Figure 2: map of the transect of cruise RB-05-01, A16S_2005

**E.) Station Operations**

The preliminary personnel task assignments are indicated with each
operation. The chief scientists and the Commanding Officer will
determine final responsibilities.

\-- Full water column CTD/rosette casts (Ship\'s and scientific
personnel)

\-- Sampling the rosette bottles for salinity, oxygen, nutrients, CFCs,
helium, tritium, carbon dioxide, alkalinity, DIC, DOM, carbon isotopes,
chlorophyll (Scientific personnel)

\-- Release of ALACE floats (Ship and scientific personnel)

\-- Sampling of the underway seawater line (Scientific personnel)

1.) **Full water column CTD/Rosette Casts** (Ship\'s and scientific
personnel)

It is of utmost importance to the success of the expedition that the
ship be able to hold position at all times during the CTD casts, and
that the CTD winch, meter wheel, hydraulic frame, conducting cable and
backups function properly during this expedition. Both primary and
secondary winches must contain full lengths of CTD conducting cable in
good condition and be outfitted to deploy the primary or secondary CTD.
That is both should be fully rigged. Skilled ship personnel and adequate
spare parts must be available on all legs to assure that this equipment
is maintained in good working order. The scientific personnel will be
skilled in CTD wire re-terminations, and they will provide adequate
supplies of materials for CTD wire re-terminations.. Since typical
steaming time between stations is less than 3 hours, re-terminations of
the conducting cable (when required) must be completed within 2-3 hours.

The CTD/rosette system will be deployed off the starboard side. During
recovery, the CTD/rosette package will be lowered onto a pallet with a
rubber pad to reduce the jolt as the package lands. A 36-position
rosette system with 12-liter bottles will be used as the primary package
for CTD/rosette casts. Two positions are taken up by electronic
equipment such that the frame will have 34 bottles. This type of rosette
package has been used successfully on a number of research vessels.
However, the size and weight of the package is such that all mechanical
components of winch and wire must be in excellent operating condition
including fleet angle, wire wrapping, and sheave. In addition to this
primary system, an inferior 36-position rosette with 10-liter water
bottles will be available and a 24-postion 10-liter water bottle package
. As a backup for sampling during very rough sea conditions, a small
instrument package (consisting of a CTD mounted on 24-position rosette
with 4 liter bottles) will also be available. The smaller package must
be secured in a readily accessible area, and will be switched with the
larger packages when required. A means of safely and quickly moving the
rosettes into position for deployments and sampling during bad weather
will be required. A pinger and altimeter will be mounted on the rosette
systems and used during casts to monitor distance from the bottom. We
anticipate that during most casts, the CTD/rosette will be lowered
within about 10 meters of the bottom. The ship's PDR and/or Seabeam must
be working properly for this purpose.

The winch, wire and meter wheel must be capable of routinely making
6000-meter casts with these rosette systems. During the casts, if needed
and available, ship\'s personnel will assist the CTD operators
monitoring of the bathymetric recorder and pinger signal and to properly
assess the distance of the rosette package off the bottom. The ship\'s
electronics technician will share responsibility with the scientific
party for maintaining good electrical and mechanical connections between
the CTD/rosette system, the conducting cable and winch slip-rings, and
to the deck unit for the CTD/rosette system.

Ship\'s and scientific personnel will mutually assist in the deployment
and recovery of the CTD/rosette and trace metal rosettes. A number of
members of the scientific party have extensive experience with CTD
deployments. Members of the scientific party will be responsible for
collecting the water samples from the rosette and recording sample
ID\'s. Particular care will be taken in the collection and analysis of
water samples to assure that all properties are measured with the
greatest accuracy possible. Many of the chemical measurements are
sensitive to contamination from soot, oils, solvents, spray cleaners,
lubricants, paints, hydraulic fluid, and other substances. The chief
scientists and watch stander should be notified prior to the use of
these substances. Care must be taken to avoid contamination of the
rosette system with these substances. Smoking is prohibited in the area
around the rosettes and at all times in the laboratories.

Discharges from holding tanks must be secured 20 minutes before arriving
on station. The tanks may be pumped when the cast is at depth (\>200
meters) but it is preferred that discharge occurs while underway between
stations. Discharges must again be secured 20 minutes before the
CTD/rosette returns to the surface layer. The bridge should inform the
ship\'s engineers in advance when discharges are to be secured.

2.) **Sampling the rosette bottles** (Scientific personnel):

The usual order for drawing seawater samples on deck will be: CFCs,
helium/tritium, oxygen, pCO~2~, DIC, pH, alkalinity, DOC, nutrients,
salinity. Samples will be collected for salinity, oxygen and nutrient
analysis from each sample bottle.

Scientific personnel will analyze salinity samples. Two salinity samples
will be drawn from the deepest bottle at each station to monitor the
precision of the sampling/analysis procedures. Salinity samples will be
run using the Guild line 8600B Autosal instrument of the BROWN, complete
with computer interface and laptop computer. The ship must provide a
backup salinometer. The salinometers should be checked for accuracy and
precision during the last US yard period before the start of the
expedition. Salinity samples will be analyzed in the temperature
controlled salinity lab off the hydrolab, and variations in laboratory
temperature [must]{.underline} not exceed 1°C during a 24-hour period.
The salinity samples will also be stored in this temperature controlled
area for at least 8 hours to allow them to come to ambient temperature.
The Autosal will be standardized at least once each run with new vials
of standard seawater. Standard seawater will be provided by the
scientific personnel for use on this cruise, and one vial will be
analyzed per day. To maintain the required accuracy, it is advisable to
have one person run all salinity samples. We anticipate \~140-160
samples/day. An accuracy of 0.003 PSS-78 or better is required, and will
be monitored by scientific personnel by comparison with CTD and
historical data. To assure timely detection of any problems with the CTD
system or Autosal, salinity analyses should be completed within 36 hours
of sampling and submitted to the CTD operators. Any problems with the
Autosal should be reported immediately to the chief scientists.

***Oxygen and nutrient sampling and analysis*** (Scientific personnel):

Samples will be collected for oxygen and nutrient analysis from each
sample bottle at all stations. Nutrients will be run on board ship by
members of the scientific party. Refrigerator space will be required
near the nutrient lab for nutrient sample storage prior to analysis.
Nutrient measurements will be made using a AlpKem RFA system. Dissolved
oxygen samples will be \"pickled\" immediately after drawing using
reagents in dispensing bottles located at a strategic location near the
rosette. The sampled will be run in the main lab by members of the
scientific party.

***CFC ('Freon')***(Scientific personnel)

Water samples will be drawn for CFC analysis at most stations. CFC
samples must be drawn first, ahead of the helium and oxygen samples. The
measurements are sensitive to the high CFC levels on board ship. The
chief scientists should be notified prior to any service or maintenance
of the air-conditioning system and of any discharge or leakage of CFCs
or solvents on the ship.

***Helium/tritium samples*** (Scientific personnel) will be drawn at
selected stations and will be stored. (Scientific Personnel) Due to the
possibility of contamination, no luminous dial watches that contain
tritium may be used on board the ship during this expedition. Dr. Peter
Schlosser (LDEO) or his representative must be notified of any proposed
use of helium gas on board ship during this expedition.

***Dissolved inorganic carbon** (DIC), **Total Alkalinity** (TALK),
**pH, pCO~2~*** (Scientific personnel):

The chemistry groups from AOML and the University Miami will make the
DIC, pH, pCO~2~, and TAlk measurements from the hydrocasts. DIC and TAlk
samples will be collected from the 12-L Niskin bottles into 250 or 500
ml glass-stoppered bottles containing 0.025 mL of a saturated solution
of HgCl~2~ to retard bacterial oxidation of organic matter prior to
analysis. DIC samples will be measured by the coulometric titration
method and will be done in a temperature controlled van. Discrete pCO~2~
samples will be collected from the Niskins into 500 ml volumetric flasks
for analyses by IR in the same van. TAlk samples will be measured by the
potentiometric methods in one of the ship\'s laboratories.

***Lowered ADCP*** (Ship and Scientific personnel):

The lowered ADCP (LADCP) will be used on the casts using the 36 bottle
frame. The instrument is a broadband, self-contained, 150 kHz ADCP,
which is to be mounted to the 36-position rosette system. Because of the
instrument size, 2-4 of the water sample bottles cannot be used when the
ADCP is mounted to the rosette. The instrument can be used to a depth of
6000 m. The instrument is turned on about 15 minutes prior to the launch
of the CTD/rosette package using a removable cable connection to a deck
box and PC computer. The deck box should be in a dry area within 10 m of
the rosette. After the CTD station, about 30 minutes are required to
transfer the data from the instrument and to turn it off. The LADCP may
have to be removed from the rosette for repair and possible battery
changes.

***PALACE and CARBON EXPLORER Float deployment*** (Ship and scientific
personnel):

About 6 PALACE floats will be released during this expedition. The chief
scientists will co-ordinate this program. These floats require about an
hour of preparation prior to deployment. Preparations will be completed
while the CTD is in the water. Floats will be deployed at stations
immediately following recovery of the CTD and before the ship gets
underway. Deployment involves lowering the \~30 kg float by hand into
the water from the stern of the ship. One or two persons from the
scientific party will be required for preparation and deployment.

***Navigation*** (Ship\'s personnel):

Navigation shall be based on the best available information including
GPS, radar and visual. When GPS control is available, it is the
preferred navigation method. It is important that accurate speed and
course information be used in satellite position computation. At least
one GPS P-code receiver and one Seapath 3DF GPS unit must be functional
and integrated with the ship\'s SCS system for ADCP and LADCP
measurements.

The station locations listed in Appendix C are nominal positions and
some drift during CTD/rosette casts is acceptable to maintain favorable
wire angle. In most cases, starting station positions along the section
should be within 1-2 nautical miles of the listed position. Navigation
information will be recorded on the MOA form. In addition to satellite
fixes and other events as they occur, MOA entries shall be made at least
once every four hours, and at the time of each course and speed change
when the ship is enroute between stations (including slowdowns on
arrival at the station and speedups on departure).

The numerical MOA entries will suffice for scientific purposes; a cruise
plot is not required in the cruise data package. Since copies of the MOA
forms will be made and used by various cruise participants, it is
important that the entries be checked and made clearly and dark enough
for reproduction.

**F.) Underway Operations**:

Underway measurements will be made along the entire cruise track,
including the transit (Leg RB-04-13) from Valparaiso to Fortaleza:

-Underway measurement of sea surface temperature and salinity (Ship\'s
personnel)

-Underway sea surface measurements of carbon dioxide (CO2), chlorophyll,
and atmospheric

measurements of CFCs and aerosols (Scientific personnel)

-Underway air measurements of carbon dioxide (Scientific and ship\'s
personnel)

-ADCP (Scientific and ship\'s personnel)

-Routine weather observations (Ship\'s personnel).

-Center-beam Sea Beam data logging (Ship\'s personnel).

-CIRIMS-IR-SST (autonomous)

\- Developmental work on novel CO2 measurement systems

\- Measurements of surface water DMS

Sea surface temperature and salinity (Ship\'s personnel):

Sea surface temperature and salinity will be recorded continuously with
a system accurate to within 0.05°C and 0.1 PSS-78. A copy of the
calibration data will be provided to the chief scientists. The Survey
Department will translate the data from thermosalinograph to ASCII and
plot the data on a daily basis. The thermosalinograph should be
calibrated no more than six months before the start of the cruise.

**1.) Underway sea surface measurements and sampling** (Ship's and
scientific personnel):

Continuous water sampling will be made from the ship\'s bow intake
system. Ship\'s personnel will maintain this pump and provide adequate
spare parts. This system must be capable of delivering 120 liters/minute
of seawater continuously. Seawater will be drawn off this line to two
sea/air equilibrators and a various other instruments. Care must be
taken to prevent contamination from smoke, solvent fumes, cleaning
solutions, etc. Continuous underway measurements of pCO~2~ will be made
from one of the headspace equilibrators utilizing a LICOR NDIR Analyzer.
Continuous measurements of chlorophyll will also be made using an
in-line fluorometer. Because of the large number of instruments placed
near the seawater line in the hydrolab close coordination and
cooperation between parties will be necessary

**2.) Underway air measurements** (Scientific personnel):

Atmospheric and aerosol sampling will be conducted while underway and on
station only when the wind is forward of the beam. The aerosol sampler
requires 15 amps of 240 volt power. It is essential that the bridge
notify the chief scientists if the ship\'s course will result in winds
abaft the beam.

Air inlet cups will be mounted on the foredeck mast for collecting
uncontaminated marine air. Air sampling lines will run from these inlets
into the laboratory and laboratory vans. Small low pressure flasks will
be filled at some stations and analyzed for methyl halides by R. Gammon
(UW)

**3.) ADCP underway operations** (Ship\'s and scientific personnel):

Data from the ADCP system will be logged continuously while underway.

**4.) Weather observations** (Ship\'s personnel):

Observations must be done at each station, and at regular intervals
while underway.

**5.) Seabeam and PDR** (Ship\'s personnel):

While underway, in place of annotation of the bathymetric (PDR) chart
record, Sea Beam (center

beam) will be operated to obtain a continuous record of time, position
and bottom depth. During CTD stations, the PDR will be required for
bottom detection.

**6.) The Turbulent Flux System** (Ship\'s and scientific personnel) is
currently deployed on the RONALD H. BROWN (on the jackstaff and in the
Main Lab forward). This system makes measurement of the small-scale
fluxes of sensible and latent heat, momentum, and CO~2~ through
fast-response turbulent instrumentation and unique ship-motion
correction algorithms.

**G.) Applicable restrictions:**

**H.) Small Boat Operations: none anticipated**

**I.) De-staging plan**

Because of difficulties in shipping scientific equipment from Brazil, we
anticipate shipping the vans and loose scientific gear from Bridgetown
or at a US port following the cruise, along with miscellaneous
scientific gear. All documentation and shipping arrangements will be
prepared by the scientific party prior to arrival. Matt Lenington, a
scientist on the RB-05-01b leg will ride the ship and be caretaker of
chemicals and hazardous materials. Similar provisions will be made with
the scientific party of the RB-05-02 leg to supervise any hazardous
materials left on the ship.

The CIRIMS-IR-SST and underway pCO2 equipment will remain on the RB
until return to Charleston at the end of the season.

**IV FACILITIES**

**A.) Equipment and capabilities to be provided by ship**:

For **Leg RB05-01A) (transit)**

\(a\) Hydrowinch with 1/4 inch cable for gravity corer (corer provided
by UDEC)

\(b\) Compressed air line (100 psi) on deck

\(c\) Approximately 2 m^2^ of (wet) laboratory space

\(d\) About 2m^2^ of deck space

\(e\) Freezer to store POM samples (on filters) and surface sediment
samples

The following systems and their associated support services are
essential to the cruise. Sufficient consumables, back-up units, and
on-site spare parts and technical support must be in place to assure
that operational interruptions are minimal. All measurement instruments
are expected to have current calibrations and all pertinent calibration
information shall be included in the data package.

\(a\) Navigational systems including a GPS P-code receiver and SeaPath
3DF GPS units.

\(b\) Primary and back-up oceanographic winch, meter wheel, and 7500
meter CTD conducting cable systems capable of lowering and raising the
CTD to 6000 meters with 36 or 24 bottle rosette sampler packages,,
backups and spare parts. Scientific personnel will provide conducting
wire termination kits. The ship's Sea-Bird CTD shall be calibrated
before the cruise, and afterward, if used as a backup.

> The CTD cable will be lubricated with Pre-lube 18 or Super-Lube during
> installation and at regular intervals according to manufacturers
> specifications. Care must be taken to minimize the amount of excess
> lubricant applied to the cable. To reduce the risk of sample
> contamination, the last 50 meters of cable between the rosette and
> drum will not be lubricated. The chief scientists must be notified
> prior to re-lubrication of the CTD conducting cable.

\(c\) Surface seawater thermosalinograph system calibrated to within
0.05°C and 0.1 PSS-78.

\(d\) Bow continuous water sampling system with minimum flow of 80
L/min, with backup pump.

\(e\) Autosal salinometer. The Autosal, along with a backup, is required
to meet WOCE precision and accuracy guidelines.

\(f\) Seabeam and PDR Depth sounder/pinger tracking capability in lab
for underway bathymetry and CTD operations.

\(g\) Compressed air line (100 psi) in oceanographic laboratory

\(h\) Laboratory and storage space for 18000 pounds of equipment (see
Section 3.3)

\(i\) Rosette sampling area cover

\(j\) Strain gauge on winch sheave

**B.) Equipment, capabilities and supplies provided by scientific
party:**

Several container vans will be loaded aboard RHB for this cruise. One
container van will be used as a laboratory, and must be positioned on
the aft main deck. The two other vans are storage vans and should be
accessible . Compressed gas (non-flammable) cylinders will be used in
ship\'s laboratories and laboratory vans.

\(a\) Two 36 position rosette sampling with 12 (or 10) liter water
sampling bottles and spare parts. One 24 position, 4-liter rosette
system.

\(b\) Complete CTD recording and processing system including 2 Sea-Bird
CTDs, 2 deck units, connectors, spare parts and consumables.

\(c\) Simrad altimeter to be placed on CTD

\(d\) Chemical analysis instrumentation including gas chromatographs,
equilibrators, oxygen titration system, nutrient auto analyzer,
coulometers, alkalinity titrators, salinity bottles.

\(e\) Chemical reagents, compressed gases (approximately 30 cylinders).
A listing of chemicals is given in Appendix A and will be updated prior
to departure for Leg 1.

\(f\) Two Benthos pingers with spare batteries, and altimeter.

\(g\) Strain gauge on CTD package

\(h\) Milli-Q system, and replacement parts

\(i\) Gravity corer (UDEC) (transit leg)

\(j\) Multi-corer or box corer (transit leg)

**Location of scientific operations**

The space requirements and locations of scientific operations are as
follows. Adjustments might be made on site to optimize space use and
accommodate preferences of personnel:

[Operation Location]{.underline}

Chief Scientist/Co-Chief         Desk/bench with ship PC in Computer lab

Data Manager                     Desk/bench with own PC in Computer lab

Grad Student                     Desk/bench with ship PC in Computer lab

CTD processor                    Desk/bench with ship/own PC in Computer
lab

CTD operator                     CTD console in Computer lab

ET/LADCP                    8\' bench space in main lab

Salinity                         Salinity room

O~2~                               8\' bench space in main lab

Nutrients                        Bio/analytical clean lab

CFC                              CFC lab van, main deck

Helium                           wet lab

HCFC                             12\' bench space in main lab

Alkalinity                       8\' bench space in main lab

pH                               8\' bench space in main lab

DIC                              DIC lab van on main deck

SAMI/pCO~2~                   8\' bench space in hydro lab

Aerosols                         8' bench space in main lab

DOM                       6\' bench space in main lab

POC /DOC                   4\' bench space in main lab

CO2 System Development 8' bench space in hydro lab

^14^C/^13^C sampling program 3-4 feet of bench space in the main lab

**V. DISPOSITION OF DATA AND REPORT**

**[A.) Data responsibilities]{.underline}**

The chief scientists are responsible for the disposition, feedback on
data quality, and archiving of data and specimens collected on board the
ship for the primary project. The chief scientists are also responsible
for the dissemination of copies of these data to participants on the
cruise and to any other requesters. The ship will assist in copying data
and reports insofar as facilities allow. The ship will provide the chief
scientists copies of the following data:

Sightings log (position, speed, course, distance upwind) of other
vessels

Navigational log sheets (MOAs)

Weather observation sheets

Thermosalinograph and CTD calibration reports

Digitized Bathymetric Data (TIME, LAT, LON, DEPTH)

SCS data CDs

ADCP and associated navigational data

The chief scientists will receive all original data gathered by the ship
for the primary and piggy-back projects, and this data transfer will be
documented on NOAA form 61-29 \"Letter Transmitting Data\". The chief
scientists in turn will furnish the ship a complete inventory listing of
all data gathered by the scientific party, detailing types and
quantities of data.

The Commanding Officer is responsible for all data collected for
ancillary projects until those data have been transferred to the
projects\' principal investigators or their designees. Data transfers
will be documented on NOAA Form 61-29. Copies of ancillary project data
will be provided to the chief scientists when requested. Reporting and
sending copies of ancillary data to NESDIS (ROSCOP) is the
responsibility of the program office sponsoring those projects.

**[Foreign research clearance reports]{.underline}**

A request for research clearance in foreign waters (Chile, United
Kingdom) has been submitted. Copies of clearances for Chile have been
received. The UK clearance will be provided to the ship before
departure. The chief scientists are responsible for satisfying the
post-cruise obligations associated with diplomatic clearances to conduct
research operations in foreign waters. These obligations consist of (1)
submitting a \"Preliminary Cruise Report\" immediately following the
completion of the cruise involving the research in foreign waters (due
within 30 days); and (2) ultimately meeting the commitments to submit
data copies of the primary project to the host foreign countries as
described in the clearance request.

**B.) [Pre & post-cruise meetings]{.underline}**

A pre‑cruise meeting between the Commanding Officer and the chief
scientists will be conducted either the day before or the day of
departure, with the purpose of identifying day‑to‑day project
requirements, in order to best use shipboard resources and identify
overtime needs.

A post-cruise debriefing will be held between the chief scientists,
senior members of the scientific party and the Commanding Officer and
staff.

**[C.) Ship operation evaluation form]{.underline}**

A Ship Operations Evaluation Form will be completed by the chief
scientists and forwarded to NMAO.

**VI. ADDITIONAL PROJECTS**

**A.) Supplemental ("Piggyback ) projects**

Any ancillary work done during this project will be accomplished with
the concurrence of the chief scientists and on a not-to-interfere basis
with the programs described in these instructions and in accordance with
the NOAA Fleet Standing Ancillary Instructions.

Personnel assigned to ancillary projects and participating in the cruise
may be assigned additional scientific duties in support of the project
by the chief scientists.

Any additional work will be subordinate to the primary project and will
be accomplished only with the concurrence of the chief scientists and
Commanding Officer on a not-to-interfere basis.

**B.) NOAA Fleet Ancillary Projects**

The following projects will be conducted by ship\'s personnel in
accordance with general instructions contained in the MOA OPORDER:

\(a\) SEAS Data Collection and Transmission (MOA OPORDER 1.2.1)

\(b\) Marine Mammal Reporting (MOA OPORDER 1.2.2)

\(c\) Nautical Charting (MOA OPORDER 1.2.6)

\(d\) Bathymetric Trackline (MOA OPORDER 1.2.5)

\(e\) Central Pacific Weather Reporting (MOA OPORDER 1.2.7)

\(f\) Sea Turtle Observation Program (SP-MOA-2-94)

No other ancillary projects are assigned.

**VII. HAZARDOUS MATERIALS**

All NOAA ships will operate in full compliance with all NOAA hazardous
materials (HAZMAT) requirements. All hazardous materials and substances
needed to carry out the objectives of the embarked science mission,
including ancillary tasks, are the direct responsibility of the embarked
designated chief scientists, whether or not those chief scientists are
using them directly. The ship\'s Environmental Compliance Officer will
work with the chief scientists to ensure that this management policy is
properly executed.

**Material Safety Data Sheet:** All hazardous materials require a
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Copies of all MSDSs shall be
forwarded to the ship at least two weeks prior to sailing. The
responsible scientists shall have copies of each MSDS available when the
hazardous materials are loaded aboard. HAZMAT for which the MSDS is not
provided cannot be loaded aboard.

The responsible scientists will provide the Field Operations Officer
with an inventory indicating the amount of each hazardous material
brought onboard, and for which the chief scientists is responsible. This
inventory shall be updated at departure, accounting for the amount of
material being removed, as well as the amount consumed in science
operations and the amount being removed in the form of waste.

All HAZMAT, except small amounts for ready use, must be stored in the
HAZMAT Locker. If science party requirements exceed ship\'s storage
capacity, excess HAZMAT must be stored in dedicated lockers meeting
OSHA/NFPA standards to be provided by the science party.

The scientific party, under supervision of the chief scientists, shall
be prepared to respond fully to emergencies involving spills of any
mission HAZMAT. This includes providing properly trained personnel for
response, as well as the necessary neutralizing chemicals and clean-up
materials. Ship\'s personnel are not first responders and will act in a
support role in the event of a spill. The chief scientists shall upon
request provide a list of science party members that are properly
trained to respond in the event of HAZMAT spills.

The chief scientists are directly responsible for the handling, both
administrative and physical, of all scientific party hazardous wastes.
No liquid wastes shall be introduced into the ship\'s drainage system.
No solid waste material shall be placed in the ship\'s garbage.

The embarking chief scientist will work with the departing chief
scientist and the ship\'s Environmental Compliance Officer to ensure
proper tracking of inherited hazardous materials.

**B.) Inventory**

The inventory of hazardous materials will be provided in electronic
format to the FOO.

**C.) Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)**

A final copy of all MSDS and inventory will be provided by the chief
scientists at the start of the cruise.

**VIII RADIOACTIVE ISOTOPES**

Each scientist directly handling these materials in liquid or solid form
will be required to wear a lab coat and disposable booties to reduce the
likelihood of tracking the substance out of the specified working area.

It will be the responsibility of the investigator to conduct pre-cruise
(for background) and post-cruise wipe tests (regardless of whether a
spill occurred or not). Wipe tests should also be conducted in the event
of a spill, as well as periodically while underway.

A detailed procedural methodology describing the use of these materials
should be provided to the Environmental Compliance Officer (ECO) for
review at least one month prior to bringing them aboard. A spill
contingency plan should also be provided at the same time. Please note
that ship\'s personnel are not first responders in the event of a spill.

A log detailing the type and amount of materials brought aboard and
removed from of the ship shall be maintained, along with a record of any
spills that occurred.

All radioisotope work will be conducted by NRC or State licensed
investigators only, and copies of these licenses shall be provided to
the ECO at least one month prior to bringing any materials on board.

\[Note: the only radioisotope on the RB-04-13 and RB-05-01 cruises will
Nickel-63, present in the Electron Capture detectors used in gas
chromatographs for CFC analysis. These are sealed sources used routinely
in the laboratory and on research vessels. No special safety precautions
are necessary as the sealed sources are contained within the
instruments\]

**A.) Inventory**

Two 15 milliCurie and one 10 milliCurie Nickel-63 sealed sources
situated in the electron capture detectors used in gas chromatographs
for CFC analysis will be on the cruise

**B.) License and name of person holding license**

Dr. Mark J. Warner

University of Washington Office: 206-543-0765

School of Oceanography FAX: 206-685-3351

Box 355351 mwarner@ocean.washington.edu

Seattle, WA 98195-5351

**IX MISCELLANEOUS**

**\
[A.) Scientific berthing]{.underline}**

The chief scientists or designees are responsible for assigning berthing
for the scientific party within the spaces approved as dedicated
scientific berthing. The ship will send stateroom diagrams to the chief
scientists showing authorized berthing spaces. The chief scientists are
responsible to instruct the scientific party to return the scientific
berthing spaces back over to the ship in clean and ready-to-use
condition for the next scientific party, for stripping bedding and for
linen return; and for the return of any room keys that were issued.

The chief scientists are also responsible for the cleanliness of the
laboratory and storage areas used by the science party, both during the
cruise and at its conclusion prior to departing the ship.

[Implied consent]{.underline}

All persons boarding NOAA vessels give implied consent to comply with
all safety and security policies and regulations which are administered
by the Commanding Officer. All spaces and equipment on the vessel are
subject to inspection or search at any time. All personnel must comply
with NMAO\'s Drug and Alcohol Policy dated May 7, 1999 which forbids the
possession and/or use of illegal drugs and alcohol aboard NOAA Vessels.

**[B.) Medical Forms and emergency contacts:]{.underline}**

The NOAA Health Services Questionnaire must be completed in advance by
each participating scientist and submitted to the medical officer in
Norfolk. It should reach the ship no later than 4 weeks prior to the
cruise. This will allow time to medically clear the individual and to
request more information if needed. All personnel should bring any
prescription medication they may need and any over-the-counter medicine
that is taken routinely (e.g. an aspirin per day, etc.) in a quantity
that will cover the duration of the voyage. The ship maintains a stock
of medications aboard, but supplies are limited and chances to restock
are few.

[Emergency contacts]{.underline}

Prior to departure, the chief scientists will provide a listing of
emergency contacts to the Executive Officer for all members of the
scientific party, with the following information: name, address,
relationship to member, and telephone number.

**[C.) Shipboard Safety]{.underline}**

A discussion of shipboard safety policies is in the "Science User's
Guide" which is available on RONALD H. BROWN and is the responsibility
of the scientific party to read.  This information is also available on
the ship's web page:
[www.moc.noaa.gov/rb/science/welcome.htm](http://www.moc.noaa.gov/rb/science/welcome.htm). .
A meeting with the Operations Officer will be held for the scientific
party at the beginning of the cruise which will include a safety
briefing. All members of the scientific party are expected to be aware
of shipboard safety regulations and to comply with them.

Wearing open-toed footwear or shoes that do not completely enclose the
foot (such as sandals or clogs) outside of private berthing areas is not
permitted. Closed shoes are required to participate in any work dealing
with suspended loads, including CTD deployments and recovery. The ship
does not provide steel-toed boots. Hard hats are also required when
working with suspended loads. Work vests are required when working near
open railings and during small boat launch and recovery operations. Hard
hats and work vests will be provided by the ship when required.

**D.) Communications**

Data (email) transfers will take place three times per day at
approximately 0700, 1200 and 1730 LT.

The chief scientists or designated representative will have access to
ship\'s telecommunications systems. Direct payment (e.g. by credit card)
to the communications provider (e.g. the telephone company) shall be
used as opposed to after-the-fact reimbursement. Specific information on
how to contact NOAA SHIP RONALD H. BROWN and all other fleet vessels can
be found at http://www.moc.noaa.gov/phone.htm.

Ship\'s systems include:

\- INMARSAT-B

INMARSAT-B provides high quality voice and fax communications (9600
baud) and high speed data transmission, including FTP; it is the primary
means of transferring email. Cost is \$2.60/min for voice and fax;
\$7.25/min for high speed. INMARSAT-B calls may be made collect or
charged to credit card; cost is approximately \$2.60/min \*\*.

\- INMARSAT-M

INMARSAT-M (or Mini-M) provides medium quality voice communications.
Cost is \$2.15/min. INMARSAT-M may be charged to credit card or collect.

\- INMARSAT-A

INMARSAT-A provides high quality voice communications as a backup
system. It can also provide fax communications (9600 baud) and high
speed data transmission, including FTP. Cost varies from \$2.65/min to
\$5.60/min for voice and fax depending on vendor and peak vs. off-peak
rates. High speed costs \$10.80 - \$15.60/min. INMARSAT-A may be charged
to credit card or collect.

\*\*Note: All rates listed are 2001 rates based on direct-dialed
business calls to the US. Collect, or calls charged to credit calls are
charged higher rates, subject to additional fees, and may have minimum
charges.

-E-MAIL

An e-mail account for each embarked scientist will be established by the
ship\'s LET. The account name will use the person\'s first and last name
as listed in Personnel Section. The e- mail address for scientists will
use the format:

firstname.lastname.atsea@rbnems.ronbrown.omao.noaa.gov

Each member of the ship\'s complement (crew and scientists) will be
authorized to send/receive up to 15 KB (approximately 3 pages of text)
of data per day (\$1.50/day or \$45/month) at no cost. E-mail costs
accrued in excess of this amount must be reimbursed by the individual.
At or near the end of each leg, the Commanding Officer will provide the
chief scientist with a detailed billing statement for all personnel in
his party. Prior to their departure, the chief scientist will be
responsible for obtaining reimbursement from any member of the party
whose e-mail costs have exceeded the complimentary amount. Each
scientist should bring a blank check to cover these costs before
departure, or provide a valid NOAA project number.

**[E.) Port Agent Services/Billing]{.underline}**

Contractual agreements exist between the port agents and the Commanding
Officer for services provided to NOAA SHIP RONALD H. BROWN. The costs or
required reimbursements for any services arranged through the ship\'s
agents by the scientific program, which are considered to be outside the
scope of the agent/ship support agreement, will be the responsibility of
that program. Where possible, it is requested that direct payment be
arranged between the science party and port agent, as opposed to
after-the-fact reimbursement to the ship.

**[F.) Wage marine dayworker working hours and rest
periods]{.underline}**

The chief scientists shall be cognizant of the limitations of RONALD H.
BROWN's operating crew to support 24-hour mission activities with a high
tempo of deck operations at all hours. Wage marine employees are subject
to negotiated work rules contained in the applicable collective
bargaining agreement. Dayworkers' hours of duty are a continuous
eight-hour period, beginning no earlier than 0600 and ending no later
than 1800. It is not permissible to separate such an employee's workday
into several short work periods with interspersed nonwork periods.
Dayworkers called out to work between the hours of 0000 and 0600 are
entitled to a rest period of one hour for each such hour worked. Such
rest periods begin at 0800 and will result in no dayworkers being
available to support science operations until the rest period has been
observed. All wage marine employees are supervised and assigned work
only by the Commanding Officer or designee. The chief scientist and the
Commanding Officer shall consult regularly to ensure that the shipboard
resources available to support the embarked mission are utilized safely,
efficiently and with due economy.

**[G.) Radio interference]{.underline}**

Radio transmission can interfere with several of the continuous data
streams. If this becomes a problem, the Commanding Officer and chief
scientist will work out a transmission schedule to minimize data
interferences to the extent that vessel communication needs allow.
Nothing will preclude or interfere with the use of VHF radio for
communications related to the safe navigation of the vessel.

The chief scientists are authorized to alter the scientific portion of
this cruise plan with the concurrence of the Commanding Officer,
provided that the proposed changes will not:

\(1\) jeopardize the safety of the personnel or the ship;

\(2\) exceed the allotted time for the cruise;

\(3\) result in undue additional expense; or

\(4\) change the general intent of the cruise.

X. APPENDICES

Appendix A. Chemical inventory

Appendix B. Details of the science operations for cruise RB05-01A

Appendix C. Proposed Station Locations, times and steaming times

Appendix D. Van dimensions and Locations and Requirements

Appendix E. Ship and Agent Contact Information

**Appendix A.: Chemical Inventory**

A complete spreadsheet with MSDS will be provided in electronic form
prior to the departure of the ship in Punta Arenas

**Appendix B.: Details of the science operations for cruise RB05-01a**

(Valparaiso-Punta Arenas)

**Scientific lead**

Dr. Silvio Pantoja G.

Departamento de Oceanografía

Universidad de Concepción

Casilla 160-C, Concepción Chile

Teléfono +(56)(41)20-3499

Fax +(56)(41)25-6571

Embarking of personnel and equipment in Valparaiso. Disembarking in
Punta Arenas

**Rationale**

For our research, we will study the effects of nutrient uptake by marine
algae on the partitioning of nitrogen isotopes between inorganic
nutrients algal biomass and surface sediments. Current models of isotope
fractionation associated with nutrient uptake suggest extensive
fractionation will occur when nutrients are abundant. Moreover, recent
reports of N isotope distributions in marine sediments suggest the
possibility of tracking changes in the marine nitrogen cycle through
time, including changes in paleoproductivity and paleodenitrification.
This research is of direct relevance to the NOAA paleo climate studies
and NOAA Global Carbon Cycle Program.

**Objective**

The specific goal of this field experiment is to evaluate the extent of
isotopic fractionation of both PON and nitrate during algal uptake in
the contemporary ocean during upwelling events where nutrients in the
upwelling plumes are being utilized. Likewise, we are interested in
evaluating the integrity of the isotope signal in the sedimentary
record.

**Sampling**

Our goal is to occupy a series of 7 stations across the upwelling front
with decreasing

nutrient concentrations (Figure 1). To make our measurements, we will
filter seawater for particulate organic matter (POM), chlorophyll,
dissolved inorganic nitrogen and phytoplankton pigments. We will sample
undisturbed surface sediments from that suite of stations (Figure 2).

**Sampling plan (estimated time: 46.5h)**

> Station 1 (73^o^1.5'W, 36^o^ 34'S, 40 m water depth) 5.5h

1.  Steaming to station 1 (1 h)

2.  Deployment of drifting sediment trap (1/2 h) 10m

3.  CTDO and rosette cast (1 h) (35, 30, 20, 15, 10, 5, 5,5,5,5, 0m)

4.  Rosette cast (1/2 h) (1 depth)

5.  Subsampling for O~2~, nutrients, δ^15^N-nutrients

6.  Rhumor corer sampling (1h)

7.  Retrieval of drifting sediment trap (1.5 h)

> Station 2 (73^o^8.5'W, 36^o^ 31'S, 90m water depth) 5.5 h

8.  Steaming to station 2 (1h)

9.  Deployment of drifting sediment trap (1/2 h) 20m

10. CTDO and rosette cast (1 h) (80, 70, 60, 50, 40, 30, 20, 15, 10, 5,
    0m)

11. Rosette cast (1/2 h) (6 @ DMC + 5 to be defined)

12. Subsampling for O~2~, nutrients, δ^15^N-nutrients

13. Rhumor corer sampling (1h)

14. Retrieval of drifting sediment trap (1.5 h)

> Station 3 (73^o^ 16'W, 36^o^ 29'S, 100m water depth) 6 h

15. Steaming to station 3 (1h)

16. Deployment of drifting sediment trap (1/2 h) 30m

17. CTDO and rosette cast (1 h) (90, 80, 70, 60, 50, 40, 30, 25, 20, 15,
    10m)

18. Rosette cast (1 h) (5, 0m, 6 @ DMC + 5 to be defined )

19. Rhumor corer sampling (1h)

20. Retrieval of drifting sediment trap (1.5 h)

> Station 4 (73^o^ 23'W, 36^o^ 26'S, 120 m water depth) 8 h

21. Steaming to station 4 (1h)

22. Deployment of drifting sediment trap (1/2 h) 30 m

23. CTDO and rosette cast (1 h) (110, 100, 90, 80, 70, 60, 50, 40, 35,
    30, 25m)

24. Rosette cast (1 h) (20, 15, 10, 5, 0m + 6 @ DMC)

25. Rhumor corer sampling (1h)

26. Gravity corer sampling (2h)

27. Retrieval of drifting sediment trap (1.5 h)

> Station 5 (73^o^ 31'W, 36^o^ 24'S 150 m water depth) 6.5 h

28. Steaming to station 5 (1h)

29. Deployment of drifting sediment trap (1/2 h) 40m

30. CTDO and rosette cast (1 h) (140, 130, 120, 110, 100, 90, 80, 70,
    60, 50, 40m)

31. Rosette cast (1 h) (30, 25, 20, 15, 10, 5, 0m)

32. Rosette cast (1/2 h) (6 @ DMC)

33. Rhumor corer sampling (1h)

34. Retrieval of drifting sediment trap (1.5 h)

> Station 6 (73^o^ 39'W, 36^o^ 21.5'S, 200m water depth) 7 h

35. Steaming to station 6 (1h)

36. Deployment of drifting sediment trap (1/2 h) 50m

37. CTDO and rosette cast (1 h) (190, 180, 170, 160, 150, 140, 130, 120,
    110, 100, 90m)

38. Rosette cast (1h) (80, 70, 60, 50, 40, 30, 25, 20, 15, 10, 5m)

39. Rosette cast (1h) (0m + 6 @ DMC + 4 to be defined)

40. Rhumor corer sampling (1h)

41. Retrieval of drifting sediment trap (1.5 h)

> Station 7 (73^o^ 40.5'W, 36^o^ 21'S, 500m) 7 h

42. Steaming to station 7 (1h)

43. Deployment of drifting sediment trap (1/2 h) 100m

44. CTDO and rosette cast (1 h) (450, 400, 350, 300, 250, 200, 180, 160,
    140, 130,120m)

45. Rosette cast (1h) (110, 100, 90, 80, 70, 60, 50, 40, 35, 30, 25m)

46. Rosette cast (1h) (20, 15, 10, 5, 0m + 6 @ DMC)

47. Rhumor corer sampling (1h)

48. Retrieval of drifting sediment trap (1.5 h)

Requirements:

-   220 Volts for two vacuum pumps

-   Traction Winch with Dual Drum Stowage for Gravity corer, Rhumor
    corer

-   Winch for rosette/CTD

-   Approximately 6 m^2^ of (wet) laboratory space is needed for
    filtration and sample preparation

-   Freezer to store POM samples (on filters), water samples and surface
    sediment samples

> We will bring our Rhumor corer, gravity corer, CTDO and rosette
>
> Specifications:

a)  Rhumor corer. Maximum weight= 80 kg. 1.5m x 0.8m

b)  Gravity corer. Maximum weight= 460 kg. Maximum length = 4m

**Stations Brown cruise**

  -------------- --------------------------- ---------- ------------------
  **Station**    **LONG**                    **Depth    **distance**
                                             (m)**      

  1              73^o^1.5'W, 36^o^ 34'S      40         1-2: 6.4nm

  2              73^o^8.5'W, 36^o^ 31'S      90         2-3: 6.4 nm

  3              73^o^ 16'W, 36^o^ 29'S      100        3-4: 6.3 nm

  4 (St. 26)     73^o^ 23'W, 36^o^ 26'S      120        4-5: 6.9 nm

  5              73^o^ 31'W, 36^o^ 24'S      150        5-6: 6.9 nm

  6              73^o^ 39'W, 36^o^ 21.5'S    200        6-7: 1.3 nm

  7              73^o^ 40.5'W, 36^o^ 21'S    500        Total 1-7: 34 nm
  -------------- --------------------------- ---------- ------------------

![](media/image3.jpeg){width="2.9819444444444443in"
height="3.6083333333333334in"}

Figure C1. schematic of sampling plan

**Requirements from ship** :

• Ship's compressed air

• Winch for Gravity corer and multicorer (or box corer)

• Approximately 6 m2 of (wet) laboratory space is needed for filtration
and sample

preparation

• The large volume pumping system requires about 2m^2^ of deckspace

• Freezer to store POM samples (on filters) and surface sediment samples

-   Space for 7 scientists during the sampling period.

**Supplied by scientific party:**

multicorer (or boxcorer) and gravity corer

CTD/O2

**Appendix C.: Station Locations, times and steaming times**

Note: Station locations and stations depths (listed in parentheses) were
obtained from Greg Johnson of PMEL, the spreadsheet for calculating
times was from FOO, Lt. Mike Hoshlyk based on a steaming speed of 12
knots for extended steams and 10 knots between stations. Forty-five days
are allotted for this leg, while under optimal conditions the operations
and steaming will take 44 days (accounting for the day lost by departure
and arrival that generally occur in the mid-morning to mid-afternoon
timeframe). The 45-day schedule allows for one weather day, which in the
spreadsheet below is lumped into the test cast. Details on the cruise
track and station time for the transit leg RB-05-01A are listed are
Appendix B.

  ---------------- ---------- -------------- --- ---------- --------------- --- ------------ ------------ ----------------
  **Activity**                **Latitude**                  **Longitude**       **Arrive**   **Depart**   **Cumulative**

                   **Deg.**   **Minutes**        **Deg.**   **Minutes**         **Date /     **Date /     **per leg**
                                                                                Time(Z)**    Time(Z)**    

  **RB-05-01a)**                                                                                          

  Valaparaiso,     33         2              S   71         38              W   12/24/04     12/29/04     
  Chile                                                                         11:00        11:00        

  Valaparaiso,     33         2              S   71         38              W   12/29/04     12/29/04     
  Chile                                                                         11:00        11:00        

  Golfo de Arauco  37         0              S   74         0               W   12/30/04     1/2/05 9:04  3.9
                                                                                9:04                      

  Penin Tres       47         0              S   76         0               W   1/4/05 11:37 1/4/05 11:37 6.0
  Montes                                                                                                  

  Golfo Trinidad   50         0              S   76         0               W   1/5/05 2:37  1/5/05 2:37  6.7

  W Strt Magellan  52         30             S   75         0               W   1/5/05 15:30 1/5/05 15:30 7.2

  Paso Froward     53         45             S   71         30              W   1/6/05 3:43  1/6/05 3:43  7.7

  Puntarenas       52         45             S   70         30              W   1/6/05 9:32  1/11/05 9:32 

  **RB-05-01**                                                                                            

  Puntarenas       52         45             S   70         30              W   1/11/05 9:32 1/11/05 9:32 0.0

  STA TEST CTD     60         30             S   40         0               W   1/15/05 4:52 1/16/05      5.5
                                                                                             20:52        

  STA 1 (2965)     60         0              S   30         55              W   1/17/05      1/17/05      6.6
                                                                                19:31        23:01        

  STA 2 (3207)     59         30             S   30         55              W   1/18/05 2:01 1/18/05 5:31 6.8

  STA 3 (3002)     59         0              S   30         55              W   1/18/05 8:31 1/18/05      7.1
                                                                                             12:03        

  STA 4 (3069)     58         30             S   30         55              W   1/18/05      1/18/05      7.4
                                                                                15:03        18:33        

  STA 5 (3404)     58         0              S   30         55              W   1/18/05      1/19/05 1:03 7.6
                                                                                21:33                     

  STA 6 (3418)     57         30             S   31         36              W   1/19/05 4:45 1/19/05 8:15 7.9

  STA 7 (3530)     57         0              S   32         17              W   1/19/05      1/19/05      8.2
                                                                                11:59        15:29        

  STA 8 (3544)     56         30             S   32         57              W   1/19/05      1/19/05      8.5
                                                                                19:12        22:42        

  STA 9 (2822)     56         0              S   33         38              W   1/20/05 2:28 1/20/05 5:58 8.9

  STA 10 (2477)    55         36             S   34         11              W   1/20/05 9:00 1/20/05      9.1
                                                                                             12:30        

  STA 11 (1743)    55         20             S   34         32              W   1/20/05      1/20/05      9.3
                                                                                14:30        17:00        

  STA 12 (995)     55         16             S   34         38              W   1/20/05      1/20/05      9.4
                                                                                17:32        20:02        

  STA 13 (207)     55         12             S   34         43              W   1/20/05      1/20/05      9.5
                                                                                20:31        22:31        

  STA 14 (246)     53         51             S   36         23              W   1/21/05 8:29 1/21/05      10.0
                                                                                             10:29        

  STA 15 (958)     53         46             S   36         20              W   1/21/05      1/21/05      10.1
                                                                                11:01        13:01        

  STA 16 (1761)    53         35             S   36         13              W   1/21/05      1/21/05      10.3
                                                                                14:11        16:41        

  STA 17 (2595)    53         26             S   36         7               W   1/21/05      1/21/05      10.5
                                                                                17:39        20:39        

  STA 18 (3250)    53         15             S   36         1               W   1/21/05      1/22/05 0:49 10.6
                                                                                21:49                     

  STA 19 (3520)    53         0              S   35         51              W   1/22/05 2:26 1/22/05 5:32 10.8

  STA 20 (3724)    52         30             S   35         33              W   1/22/05 8:43 1/22/05      11.1
                                                                                             11:49        

  STA 21 (4477)    52         0              S   35         14              W   1/22/05      1/22/05      11.4
                                                                                15:02        18:44        

  STA 22 (4774)    51         30             S   34         56              W   1/22/05      1/23/05 2:14 11.7
                                                                                21:56                     

  STA 23 (5057)    51         0              S   34         37              W   1/23/05      1/23/05      12.3
                                                                                11:53        16:17        

  STA 24 (4774)    50         30             S   34         18              W   1/23/05      1/23/05      12.6
                                                                                19:31        23:49        

  STA 25 (5090)    50         0              S   34         0               W   1/24/05 3:02 1/24/05 7:26 12.9

  STA 26 (5167)    49         30             S   33         41              W   1/24/05      1/24/05      13.2
                                                                                10:40        15:04        

  STA 27 (4737)    49         0              S   33         23              W   1/24/05      1/24/05      13.5
                                                                                18:17        22:35        

  STA 28 (5069)    48         30             S   33         4               W   1/25/05 1:50 1/25/05 6:14 13.9

  STA 29 (5310)    48         0              S   32         45              W   1/25/05 9:30 1/25/05      14.2
                                                                                             13:54        

  STA 30 (5166)    47         30             S   32         27              W   1/25/05      1/25/05      14.5
                                                                                17:08        21:32        

  STA 31 (5282)    47         0              S   32         8               W   1/26/05 0:48 1/26/05 5:12 14.8

  STA 32 (5252)    46         30             S   31         49              W   1/26/05 8:28 1/26/05      15.1
                                                                                             12:52        

  STA 33 (5282)    46         0              S   31         31              W   1/26/05      1/26/05      15.5
                                                                                16:07        20:31        

  STA 34 (5131)    45         30             S   31         12              W   1/26/05      1/27/05 4:12 15.8
                                                                                23:48                     

  STA 35 (5063)    45         0              S   30         54              W   1/27/05 7:27 1/27/05      16.1
                                                                                             11:51        

  STA 36 (5084)    44         30             S   30         35              W   1/27/05      1/27/05      16.4
                                                                                15:08        19:32        

  STA 37 (4971)    44         0              S   30         16              W   1/27/05      1/28/05 3:08 16.7
                                                                                22:50                     

  STA 38 (4677)    43         30             S   29         58              W   1/28/05 6:24 1/28/05      17.0
                                                                                             10:42        

  STA 39 (4456)    43         0              S   29         39              W   1/28/05      1/28/05      17.4
                                                                                14:01        18:19        

  STA 40 (4543)    42         30             S   29         21              W   1/28/05      1/29/05 1:53 17.7
                                                                                21:35                     

  STA 41 (4551)    42         0              S   29         2               W   1/29/05 5:12 1/29/05 9:30 18.0

  STA 42 (4468)    41         30             S   28         43              W   1/29/05      1/29/05      18.3
                                                                                12:49        17:07        

  STA 43 (4278)    41         0              S   28         25              W   1/29/05      1/30/05 0:43 18.6
                                                                                20:25                     

  STA 44 (4180)    40         30             S   28         6               W   1/30/05 4:02 1/30/05 8:20 18.9

  STA 45 (4417)    40         0              S   27         48              W   1/30/05      1/30/05      19.3
                                                                                11:38        15:56        

  STA 46 (4150)    39         30             S   27         29              W   1/30/05      1/30/05      19.6
                                                                                19:16        23:34        

  STA 47 (4257)    39         0              S   27         10              W   1/31/05 2:55 1/31/05 7:13 19.9

  STA 48 (4122)    38         30             S   26         52              W   1/31/05      1/31/05      20.2
                                                                                10:32        14:50        

  STA 49 (3929)    38         0              S   26         33              W   1/31/05      1/31/05      20.5
                                                                                18:11        21:41        

  STA 50 (4188)    37         30             S   26         14              W   2/1/05 1:02  2/1/05 5:02  20.8

  STA 51 (4065)    37         0              S   25         56              W   2/1/05 8:21  2/1/05 12:21 21.1

  STA 52 (3999)    36         30             S   25         0               W   2/1/05 17:45 2/1/05 21:45 21.5

  STA 53 (4074)    36         0              S   25         0               W   2/2/05 0:45  2/2/05 4:45  21.8

  STA 54 (4101)    35         30             S   25         0               W   2/2/05 7:45  2/2/05 11:45 22.1

  STA 55 (4090)    35         0              S   25         0               W   2/2/05 14:45 2/2/05 18:45 22.4

  STA 56 (3964)    34         30             S   25         0               W   2/2/05 21:45 2/3/05 1:45  22.7

  STA 57 (3975)    34         0              S   25         0               W   2/3/05 4:45  2/3/05 8:45  23.0

  STA 58 (4368)    33         30             S   25         0               W   2/3/05 11:45 2/3/05 15:45 23.3

  STA 59 (4491)    33         0              S   25         0               W   2/3/05 18:45 2/3/05 22:45 23.6

  STA 60 (4192)    32         30             S   25         0               W   2/4/05 1:45  2/4/05 5:45  23.8

  STA 61 (4265)    32         0              S   25         0               W   2/4/05 8:45  2/4/05 12:45 24.1

  STA 62 (4503)    31         30             S   25         0               W   2/4/05 15:45 2/4/05 20:03 24.4

  STA 63 (4419)    31         0              S   25         0               W   2/4/05 23:03 2/5/05 3:03  24.7

  STA 64 (4437)    30         30             S   25         0               W   2/5/05 6:03  2/5/05 10:03 25.0

  STA 65 (5228)    30         0              S   25         0               W   2/5/05 13:03 2/5/05 17:27 25.3

  STA 66 (5096)    29         30             S   25         0               W   2/5/05 20:27 2/6/05 0:51  25.6

  STA 67 (5154)    29         0              S   25         0               W   2/6/05 3:51  2/6/05 8:15  25.9

  STA 68 (4852)    28         30             S   25         0               W   2/6/05 11:15 2/6/05 15:33 26.3

  STA 69 (5368)    28         0              S   25         0               W   2/6/05 18:33 2/6/05 22:57 26.6

  STA 70 (5006)    27         30             S   25         0               W   2/7/05 1:57  2/7/05 6:15  26.9

  STA 71 (4633)    27         0              S   25         0               W   2/7/05 9:15  2/7/05 13:33 27.2

  STA 72 (4743)    26         30             S   25         0               W   2/7/05 16:33 2/7/05 20:51 27.5

  STA 73 (4891)    26         0              S   25         0               W   2/7/05 23:51 2/8/05 4:09  27.8

  STA 74 (4969)    25         30             S   25         0               W   2/8/05 7:09  2/8/05 11:27 28.1

  STA 75 (5404)    25         0              S   25         0               W   2/8/05 14:27 2/8/05 18:57 28.4

  STA 76 (5205)    24         30             S   25         0               W   2/8/05 21:57 2/9/05 2:27  28.7

  STA 77(5524)     24         0              S   25         0               W   2/9/05 5:27  2/9/05 10:03 29.0

  STA 78 (5043)    23         30             S   25         0               W   2/9/05 13:03 2/9/05 17:27 29.3

  STA 79 (5286)    23         0              S   25         0               W   2/9/05 20:27 2/10/05 0:51 29.6

  STA 80 (5374)    22         30             S   25         0               W   2/10/05 3:51 2/10/05 8:15 29.9

  STA 81 (5405)    22         0              S   25         0               W   2/10/05      2/10/05      30.3
                                                                                11:15        15:39        

  STA 82 (5266)    21         30             S   25         0               W   2/10/05      2/10/05      30.6
                                                                                18:39        23:03        

  STA 83 (4977)    21         0              S   25         0               W   2/11/05 2:03 2/11/05 6:21 30.9

  STA 84 (5390)    20         30             S   25         0               W   2/11/05 9:21 2/11/05      31.2
                                                                                             13:45        

  STA 85 (5839)    20         0              S   25         0               W   2/11/05      2/11/05      31.5
                                                                                16:45        21:21        

  STA 86 (5045)    19         30             S   25         0               W   2/12/05 0:21 2/12/05 4:51 31.8

  STA 87 (5045)    19         0              S   25         0               W   2/12/05 7:51 2/12/05      32.1
                                                                                             12:21        

  STA 88 (5602)    18         30             S   25         0               W   2/12/05      2/12/05      32.4
                                                                                15:21        19:57        

  STA 89 (5641)    18         0              S   25         0               W   2/12/05      2/13/05 3:33 32.8
                                                                                22:57                     

  STA 90 (5172)    17         30             S   25         0               W   2/13/05 6:33 2/13/05      33.1
                                                                                             10:57        

  STA 91 (5241)    17         0              S   25         0               W   2/13/05      2/13/05      33.4
                                                                                13:57        18:21        

  STA 92 (5214)    16         30             S   25         0               W   2/13/05      2/14/05 1:45 33.7
                                                                                21:21                     

  STA 93 (5597)    16         0              S   25         0               W   2/14/05 4:45 2/14/05 9:15 34.0

  STA 94(5084)     15         30             S   25         0               W   2/14/05      2/14/05      34.3
                                                                                12:15        16:39        

  STA 95 (5260)    15         0              S   25         0               W   2/14/05      2/15/05 0:03 34.6
                                                                                19:39                     

  STA 96 (5541)    14         30             S   25         0               W   2/15/05 3:03 2/15/05 7:33 34.9

  STA 97 (5671)    14         0              S   25         0               W   2/15/05      2/15/05      35.2
                                                                                10:33        15:03        

  STA 98(5152)     13         30             S   25         0               W   2/15/05      2/15/05      35.5
                                                                                18:03        22:33        

  STA 99 (5631)    13         0              S   25         0               W   2/16/05 1:33 2/16/05 6:09 35.9

  STA 100 (5657)   12         30             S   25         0               W   2/16/05 9:09 2/16/05      36.2
                                                                                             13:45        

  STA 101 (5869)   12         0              S   25         0               W   2/16/05      2/16/05      36.5
                                                                                16:45        21:21        

  STA 102 (4824)   11         30             S   25         0               W   2/17/05 0:21 2/17/05 4:39 36.8

  STA 103 (5585)   11         0              S   25         0               W   2/17/05 7:39 2/17/05      37.1
                                                                                             12:15        

  STA 104 (5348)   10         30             S   25         0               W   2/17/05      2/17/05      37.4
                                                                                15:15        19:39        

  STA 105 (5588)   10         0              S   25         0               W   2/17/05      2/18/05 3:15 37.7
                                                                                22:39                     

  STA 106 (5765)   9          30             S   25         0               W   2/18/05 6:15 2/18/05      38.1
                                                                                             10:51        

  STA 107 (5475)   9          0              S   25         0               W   2/18/05      2/18/05      38.4
                                                                                13:51        18:15        

  STA 108 (5670)   8          30             S   25         0               W   2/18/05      2/19/05 1:51 38.7
                                                                                21:15                     

  STA 109 (5718)   8          0              S   25         0               W   2/19/05 4:51 2/19/05 9:27 39.0

  STA 110 (5784)   7          30             S   25         0               W   2/19/05      2/19/05      39.3
                                                                                12:27        17:03        

  STA 111 (5764)   7          0              S   25         0               W   2/19/05      2/20/05 0:39 39.6
                                                                                20:03                     

  STA 112 (5628)   6          30             S   25         0               W   2/20/05 3:39 2/20/05 8:15 39.9

  STA 113 (5777)   6          0              S   25         0               W   2/20/05      2/20/05      40.3
                                                                                11:15        15:51        

  STA 114(5563)    5          30             S   25         0               W   2/20/05      2/20/05      40.6
                                                                                18:51        23:27        

  STA 115 (5714)   5          0              S   25         0               W   2/21/05 2:27 2/21/05 7:03 40.9

  STA 116 (5506)   4          30             S   25         0               W   2/21/05      2/21/05      41.2
                                                                                10:03        14:39        

  STA 117 (5434)   4          0              S   25         0               W   2/21/05      2/21/05      41.5
                                                                                17:39        22:15        

  Fortaleza,       3          42             S   38         31              W   2/24/05      2/24/05      44.2
  Brazil                                                                        15:00        15:00        
  ---------------- ---------- -------------- --- ---------- --------------- --- ------------ ------------ ----------------

**Appendix D.: Van dimensions, Locations and Requirements**

1\) CO~2~ van (main deck aft)

wt 12000 lbs

size 8\' x 8\' x 20\'

power input 30 amps, 3 phase, and 440v.

location 01 deck aft

Door: center, right side of van

Needs compressed air, fresh water available, phone and Ethernet.

2\) air conditioned storage van (O2 deck forward)

3\) storage van (O2 deck forward)

Contact Person: Esa Peltola, AOML

The container are ISO fitting compatible. Investigators will arrange the
shipping so that the vans will be delivered for loading on a proscribed
date. Co-ordination of a rental crane (if needed) for loading the vans
on the RONALD H. BROWN may save costs. The contact for crane scheduling
is Esa Peltola (AOML). After loading, adequate electric power will be
needed in the vans during the in-port for testing of the analytical
instruments.

**Appendix E. Ship and Agent Contacts:**

Important phone numbers, fax numbers and e-mail addresses: (Up-to-date
phone numbers can be found on the MOC web site at
www.moc.noaa.gov/phone.htm#RB)

RONALD H. BROWN (to call from US)

\- INMARSAT-B VOICE: 011-OAC-336-899-620 (approx \$2.60/min)

\- INMARSAT-B FAX: 011-OAC-336-899-621

\- INMARSAT \"M\" VOICE: 011-OAC-761-831-360 (approx \$2.99/min)

\- INMARSAT-A VOICE: 011-OAC-154-2643 (approx \$5.60/min)

\- CELLULAR: 757-635-0678

\- OOD CELLULAR: 206-910-3584

Contact Information:

RONALD H. BROWN (in port): - 206-553-7680

All ship inquiries and requests can be directed to FOO ( Lt. Elizabeth
Jones)

Commanding officer: Timothy Wright

Executive officer: Wade Blake

Field Operations officer : Elizabeth Jones

Chief Survey Technician: Jonathan Shannahoff

Electronics Technician: ?

RONALD H. BROWN (while underway):

INMARSAT - 011 872 151 7320

Fax - 011 872 151 7321

Telex - 1517320 WTEA

Internet -

Shipping Information:

**Charleston:**

NOAA Ship RONALD H. BROWN

RB-05-01 : Specify person

USCG Vessel Support Facility

1050 Register St

Charleston, SC 29405

**Agents and Contacts**:

The agent of the ship in Chile (Valparaiso and Punta Arenas) is:

Inchcape Shipping Services (Head Office)

Address: Prat 834 2nd Floor, Valparaiso, Chile

Phone: 56-32-217681 Fax: 56-32-239632

Email: <isschile@iss-shipping.com>

Contact: Francisco Villagran

Cell: 56-9-3314169 Email: <fvillagr@isschile.co.cl>

The agent of the ship in Brazil (Fortaleza) is:

ISS Marine Services Ltda

Rua Sao Bento, 09-1 andar

20090-010 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil

Luciano Oliveira da Silva

General Manager, Brazil

Phone +55 21 2518 5756, Fax +55 21 2518 6778

Email: <luciano.oliveira@iss-shipping.com>

[MOA Operations:]{.underline}

LCDR James Meigs

NOAA/MOA

439 West York St.

Norfolk, VA 23510-1114

(757)441-6495

Jim.Meigs@noaa.gov

Scientific Operations Contacts:

Esa Peltola, cruise coordinator

NOAA/AOML Ocean Chemistry Division

4301 Rickenbacker Causeway

Miami FL, 33149

Phone 305-361-4391

FAX 305-361-4392

Email: esa.peltola@noaa.gov

Rik Wanninkhof, co-chief scientist

NOAA/AOML Ocean Chemistry Division

4301 Rickenbacker Causeway

Miami FL, 33149

Phone 305-361-4379

FAX 305-361-4392

Email: rik.wanninkhof@noaa.gov

Scott Doney, co-chief scientist

Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry MS #25

Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

360 Woods Hole Road

Woods Hole, MA 02543-1543

Phone: 508-289-3776

fax: 508-457-2193

Email: sdoney@whoi.edu