Required Report - public distribution

**Date:** 12/8/2006

**GAIN Report Number:** PL6075

PL6075

**Poland**

**Exporter Guide**

**Annual**

**2006**

**Approved by:**

![](media/image1.wmf)Kate Snipes

US Embassy

**Prepared by:**

Jolanta Figurska

**Report Highlights:**

Exporters who are interested in the Polish market should consider both
the opportunities given Poland's relatively large population of young,
educated consumers, as well as the challenges that a U.S. exporter faces
in light of its EU membership. The Polish retail and HRI sectors present
opportunities for U.S. exporters of high value products. In addition,
Poland\'s expanding food processing sector also provides opportunities
for U.S. suppliers of a wide variety of inputs.

Includes PSD Changes: No

Includes Trade Matrix: No

Annual Report

Warsaw \[PL1\]

\[PL\]

# Section I: Market Overview

#### Current economic conditions

Poland's economy has developed rapidly since its move toward a free
market in the post-Soviet era, which began in 1989. It is a success
story among transition economies that were under former Communist
control. The privatization of small and medium state-owned companies and
a liberal law regarding the establishment of new firms encouraged the
development of the private business sector. In addition, since May 2004,
Poland's membership in the European Union opened up a wide range of
trade and export opportunities for Polish businesses. EU membership also
provides Poland with substantial financial assistance that is helping in
further modernization and growth in Poland. This structural development
funding from the EU amounted to approximately \$15 billion[^1] from 2004
to 2006, with about 15 percent of the total dedicated to rural
development.

Poland experienced strong growth in early 2006 with the gross domestic
product increasing 5.4 percent for the first six months. Increasing
exports, up 23 percent from January through August 2006, helped fuel
this economic expansion. The vast majority of Poland's exports, 78
percent, are destined for the EU. Agricultural products account for 13
percent of Poland's exports, with 60 percent sold to other EU members.
In addition, increasing foreign direct investment, up 30 percent from
January-June 2006 as compared to this period in 2005 added to the strong
domestic growth. The economic upturn also helped lower unemployment to a
six year low of 15.2 percent in September 2006.

Despite its recent economic success Poland's economy still faces
significant challenges. Poland\'s agricultural sector remains burdened
by surplus labor, inefficient small farms, and lack of investment.
Restructuring and privatization of sensitive sectors such as coal,
steel, railroads, and energy while underway, are taking time. In
addition, reforms in health care, education, the pension system, and
state administration have resulted in larger than expected public fiscal
pressures.

#### Demographics and employment

Poland's population of 38.5 million is increasingly concentrated in
cities with 61.5 percent living in urban centers. The median age is 37
years of age and increasing. The age ranges 30 to 44 and 45 to 64 are
the largest with 20 percent and 25.4 percent of the population
respectively. A trend toward smaller families is becoming more apparent
in Poland's 13.3 million households, with an average household size of
3.07.

Average monthly wages for workers across Poland in 2005 was \$260. The
household consumption expenditure rate in CY2005 grew 0.5 percent from
CY2004. In 2005, the average monthly expenditures of households per
capita was \$248, of which about \$70 is dedicated to food. These
figures are based on national averages but in urban centers, incomes,
expenditures related to food, and disposable income is estimated to be
almost double the countrywide averages.

Unemployment dropped steadily throughout the year reaching about 15
percent in the third quarter of 2006. This drop was not only due to the
increasing the number of Poles working in cities like London and Dublin,
but also strong new job creation; 500,000 net new jobs were reported
from June 2005 to June 2006. Of the approximately 17 million people
employed in Poland 55 percent work in the service sector, 29 percent
work in the industrial sector, and 16 percent of the population works
directly in the agriculture, forestry and fishery sectors. Almost half,
47.8 percent, of Polish women are employed outside the home in part or
full-time work.

#### 

#### U.S. exporter opportunities

Exporters who are interested in the Polish market should consider both
the opportunities given Poland's relatively large population of young,
educated consumers, as well as the challenges that a U.S. exporter faces
in light of its EU membership. In general, the Polish view the United
States positively and U.S. products are considered high quality. In
addition, a product that has been imported into the EU can be
transported to Poland without additional tariffs and without meeting
many additional regulatory requirements aside from labeling. Poland
presents opportunities for U.S. exporters of high value products, such
as seafood, wine, dried fruits and nuts, and grapefruit. Select
opportunities also exist in food processing and catering industries,
which are increasingly interested in importing processed fruits and
vegetables, and baking ingredients such as baking mixes and fats. As the
market continues to develop, more sophisticated products such as energy
drinks are also finding their place on the market. Most of the
opportunities for U.S. products are in urban areas where consumers have
larger disposable incomes and are interested in imported products. In
summary, Poland does provide advantages to exporters with the right
product who are willing to invest in market research and product
positioning.

Poland's EU accession has resulted in lowered tariffs on some U.S.
products, which has expanded market growth potential in some areas such
as wines, grapefruit, and dried fruits and nuts. Other products are
subject to new EU sanitary restrictions that prohibit their sale in
Poland almost entirely, such as poultry and beef. In addition, some food
products imported from the United States such as prepared sauces, spices
and other processed foods are subject to higher EU duties related to the
EU's WTO case against the United States regarding tax treatment of
Foreign Sales Corporations.

## Advantages and Challenges of the Polish Market for U.S. Exporters

+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
| **Advantages**                    | **Challenges**                    |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
| Central Europe's most populous    | U.S. products face high           |
| country with a domestic consumer  | transportation costs as compared  |
| market of nearly 40 million       | to many European competitors.     |
| people.                           |                                   |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
| A strategic location within a     | Complicated system of product     |
| dense, major international market | registration in some cases        |
| offering re-export potential.     | delaying or even preventing the   |
|                                   | product from entering the Polish  |
|                                   | market.                           |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
| Transshipment from other EU       | Poland's EU Accession puts United |
| countries of import now possible  | States products at a competitive  |
| with Poland's EU integration.     | disadvantage versus EU-25         |
|                                   | duty-free EU internally traded    |
|                                   | products.                         |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
| A very productive, young and      | Despite rising incomes, Polish    |
| skilled labor force therefore,    | consumers indicate that price is  |
| good potential for finding        | still the primary purchasing      |
| trading partners and favorable    | factor for food and beverage      |
| conditions for establishing joint | products in at least 75 percent   |
| ventures.                         | or more of their retail food      |
|                                   | purchases.                        |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
| Polish consumers associate United | []{.mark}                         |
| States products with good         |                                   |
| quality.                          | Food recalls in the EU have had a |
|                                   | negative impact on Polish         |
|                                   | consumers views of imported       |
|                                   | products, and GMO issues hamper   |
|                                   | imports of United States          |
|                                   | products.                         |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
| []{.mark}                         | Foreign investment in the Polish  |
|                                   | food processing industry results  |
| Market niches exist in consumer   | in local production of many high  |
| ready food products - i.e. dried  | quality products that were        |
| fruits, nuts, wines, and          | previously imported.              |
| microwavable products.            |                                   |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
| Economic growth has been rising   | An additional ad valorem tariff   |
| and the U.S. dollar's             | was put into place by the EU as   |
| depreciation makes U.S. imports   | part of its WTO case on Foreign   |
| more affordable.                  | Sales Corps. This 15 percent      |
|                                   | tariff is only applied to certain |
|                                   | goods.                            |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+

# 

# Section II. Entering the Polish Market, Customs and Terms

The best way to understand the Polish market is to visit and speak to
importers and distributors in order to prepare the best entry strategy
for your product. Personal contact is considered very important when
conducting business in Poland. Most purchases are made after meeting an
exporter or their representative in person. English is more and more
common as the language of commerce, but it is important to check in
advance to see if translation services are necessary. It is customary
for business people in Poland to shake hands upon meeting. An American
businesswoman should not be surprised if a Polish businessman kisses her
hand upon greeting or saying goodbye. Business cards are the norm in
Poland and are generally given to each person at a meeting; therefore
U.S. visitors should bring plenty of business cards to a meeting,
although cards printed in Polish are not necessary. Business attire is
formal, including a suit and tie for men and a suit or dress for women.

The concept that "time is money" should be left in the United States
when developing relationships with potential importers in Poland. Though
Polish businesses are also conscious of the bottom line, courtesy and
non-business conversations are important prior to getting "down to
business." In addition, if a Polish client visits you in the United
States, some hospitality, such as a meal is considered appropriate, and
you will be accorded similar treatment while visiting Poland. A good
reference on Polish business customs and cross-cultural differences
between the United States is Laura Klos-Sokol's [Short Cuts to
Poland]{.underline}, 2^nd^ Edition, 2005.

Advertising in Poland is important for acceptance for new products.
Television, though the most expensive venue, is the best of these
mediums in Poland with products advertised through television promotions
showing the greatest sales growth of all advertised products. Billboards
and in-store promotions are also proving very effective. Promotions on
products, such as in-store sampling, have been shown to influence the
purchases of 50 percent of adult Poles.

Many Polish importers expect terms-of-credit for 30 to 90 days for
imports. These are considered standard and are offered by many exporters
from competing countries.

Technical regulations including documentation, sanitary and
phytosanitary requirements and labeling have changed since Poland\'s
EU-25 accession. Most of the requirements were amended in order to
reflect EU regulations. For detailed information on product import
certificates please refer to the Certification Guide, GAINS PL5028. For
details on other Poland specific regulations such as labeling, refer to
Poland's Food and Agricultural Regulations and Standards Report, GAINS
PL6053.

# Section III. Market Sector Structure and Trends

**Wholesale Sector**

The wholesale market has changed over the last several years and is
marked by consolidation, an increase in the market power of large
buyers, an increase of companies with national coverage, and closer
linkages between wholesalers and retailers.

Poland's wholesale market structure has five categories: national
chains, regional chains, regional wholesalers, local wholesalers, and
buying groups (consisting of regional chains and regional wholesalers).
The national chains, the least numerous of them, operate several
branches throughout Poland with central management. The regional chains
have recently grown through consolidation and purchase of bankrupt
firms; they are territorial, usually cover several provinces, and supply
mainly retailers. Regional wholesalers have a strong presence in local
markets and offer a wide range of products and greater service. Local
wholesalers are feeling the pressure of the larger firms in the industry
so now primarily deal in cash and carry. Buyer groups operate in several
market segments and are increasing their integration with specific
retailers.

The larger businesses in this sector are firms with foreign or mixed
foreign and domestic capital. The largest is the Macro Cash and Carry,
owned by the German company Metro, the second largest wholesaler is
Eurocash JMB Polska, the third-largest, Milo, and the fourth is the U.S.
company McClane.

**Retail Sector**

The distribution system for consumer ready food products, as with all
other branches of the Polish economy, is still undergoing a rapid
transformation. It should be noted that despite many obstacles including
the high cost of credit, high store rents, and complaints of late
payments by retailers, it remains one of the most dynamic and fastest
growing areas of the Polish economy. The retail sector in Poland is very
diversified. It ranges from small family operated stores, through medium
sized stores to large distribution centers which can be easily compared
with those found in countries in western EU and the United States.

Foreign investors are very active in retailing. There are now over 186
hypermarkets nationwide along with many super-stores. There are
approximately 30.9 shops per 10,000 inhabitants. According to Polish
analysts big retailing chains will gain control of as much as 80 percent
of the Polish market within the next five years with only 8 major
players remaining.

For more information on the Polish retail sector please refer to GAINS
report PL3045.

**Food Processing Sector**

The food processing sector in many ways reflects the development of the
Polish economy since the fall of communism. The sector is varied with
both domestic and international companies represented on the market.
There are also a number of small companies operating in the fruit,
vegetable, meat processing, and baking sectors located throughout
Poland. The most important sectors of the food processing industry are
meat, dairy, and alcohol, followed by confectionery, food concentrates,
sugar, fruits and vegetables, juices and non-alcoholic beverages
production. The proportion of food industry products considered to be
value-added is constantly increasing.

For more detailed information on Poland's processing sector please refer
to GAINS report PL6026.

**Hotel, Restaurant & Institutional Sector**

Traditionally, Poles prefer to dine at home rather than in restaurants.
Low incomes and relatively high prices in restaurants have limited
growth in this sector. Prices in restaurants and food service
establishments in the early 1990s increased much faster than retail
prices for food.

Today the variety and sheer number of restaurants reflects the changing
demographics in Poland. In the past, primarily foreigners or Polish
government officials frequented restaurants and the majority of these
restaurants were found in hotels.

With more Poles working longer hours, Polish eating habits have also
been altered and eating out is common. Polish, Italian, Chinese, Mexican
and Indian restaurants can be found in almost every Polish city.
American chains have also started to appear in larger cities like
Warsaw. These chains include T.G.I. Friday's, Champions, Mc Donald's,
Pizza Hut, and KFC. In addition, many of the international hotel chains
such as the Marriott Hotel, Radisson, Sheraton, Hyatt, and Holiday Inn
are present in Polish cities. Many local entrepreneurs are investing
heavily in this sector as well.

Several of the larger domestic producers have set up separate
distribution channels especially for this sector. While all the other
sectors of Polish food distribution are already very competitive, HRI
still provides excellent opportunities for growth. An HRI-targeted
promotion campaign may offer U.S. exporters good opportunities for sales
to Poland.

For more detailed information on Poland's HRI sector please refer to
GAINS PL6013.

# Section IV: High Value Product Prospects

Select high value product imports have recorded strong growth in recent
years led by seafood products, nuts and dried fruits, and alcohol.

**Polish Imports of Consumer Ready Products**

+------+-----+--------+--------+------------------+-----------------+
| *    | **2 | *      | **U.S. | ######           | **Market        |
| *Pro | 005 | *2-Yr. | Import | Key Constraints  | Attractiveness  |
| duct | Imp | Avg.   | Tariff |                  | for U.S.        |
| ca   | ort | Annual | Rate** |                  | Exporters**     |
| tego | s** | Import |        |                  |                 |
| ry** |     | Gr     |        |                  |                 |
|      |     | owth** |        |                  |                 |
+------+-----+--------+--------+------------------+-----------------+
| Sa   | \$  | 63.70% | 2%& 8% | Price            | Growing seafood |
| lmon | 7   |        |        | competition from | consumption and |
|      | 7.3 |        |        | local producers  | developing      |
|      |     |        |        | and European     | restaurant      |
|      |     |        |        | countries, lack  | market          |
|      |     |        |        | of promotion     |                 |
+------+-----+--------+--------+------------------+-----------------+
|      |     |        |        |                  |                 |
+------+-----+--------+--------+------------------+-----------------+
| S    | \$1 | 24.80% | 0%     | Competitively    | Growing market, |
| unfl | 5.1 |        |        | priced quality   | insufficient    |
| ower |     |        |        | product          | local           |
| S    |     |        |        | available from   | production of   |
| eeds |     |        |        | Hungary          | high quality    |
|      |     |        |        |                  | product         |
+------+-----+--------+--------+------------------+-----------------+
| Wine | \$9 | 28.20% | 9      | Strong position  | Good reputation |
|      | 5.6 |        | .9-32€ | of French,       | of Californian  |
|      |     |        | /hl    | Italian and      | wines, growing  |
|      |     |        | dep    | other suppliers  | market          |
|      |     |        | ending |                  |                 |
|      |     |        | on     |                  |                 |
|      |     |        | a      |                  |                 |
|      |     |        | lcohol |                  |                 |
|      |     |        | c      |                  |                 |
|      |     |        | ontent |                  |                 |
+------+-----+--------+--------+------------------+-----------------+
| Gr   | \   | 12.60% | 1.     | Competitively    | Strong position |
| apef | $23 |        | 5-2.4% | priced imports   | of American     |
| ruit |     |        | dep    | available, esp.  | suppliers,      |
|      |     |        | ending | from Turkey      | growing market  |
|      |     |        | on     |                  |                 |
|      |     |        | season |                  |                 |
+------+-----+--------+--------+------------------+-----------------+
| Whis | \$1 | 76.60% | 0%     | Traditional      | Increasing      |
| kies | 1.9 |        |        | consumption of   | consumption due |
|      |     |        |        | Scottish Whiskey | to prestige     |
|      |     |        |        |                  | associated with |
|      |     |        |        |                  | product         |
+------+-----+--------+--------+------------------+-----------------+
| Rai  | \   | 19.70% | 2.40%  | Price            | Developing      |
| sins | $16 |        |        | competition from | market for      |
|      |     |        |        | other suppliers  | cakes and       |
|      |     |        |        |                  | sweets          |
+------+-----+--------+--------+------------------+-----------------+
| D    | \$  | 30.50% | 9.60%  | Price            | High quality    |
| ried | 7.3 |        |        | competition from | and strong      |
| pr   |     |        |        | local and other  | position of     |
| unes |     |        |        | foreign          | California      |
|      |     |        |        | suppliers        | prunes          |
+------+-----+--------+--------+------------------+-----------------+
| Pi   | \$  | 30.60% | 1.60%  | Increasing       | Growing snacks  |
| stac | 5.5 |        |        | activity of      | and ingredient  |
| hios |     |        |        | other suppliers, | market          |
|      |     |        |        | relatively high  |                 |
|      |     |        |        | prices compared  |                 |
|      |     |        |        | to other nuts    |                 |
+------+-----+--------+--------+------------------+-----------------+
| Pea  | \   | 12.80% | 0%     | Lower prices     | Growing snacks  |
| nuts | $26 |        |        | offered by       | and ingredient  |
|      |     |        |        | competitors      | market          |
+------+-----+--------+--------+------------------+-----------------+
| Alm  | \$1 | 43.80% | 3.50%  | Competitively    | Growing snacks  |
| onds | 1.9 |        |        | priced imports   | and ingredient  |
| (    |     |        |        | available from   | market          |
| shel |     |        |        | Spain            |                 |
| led) |     |        |        |                  |                 |
+------+-----+--------+--------+------------------+-----------------+
|      |     |        |        |                  |                 |
+------+-----+--------+--------+------------------+-----------------+

World Trade Atlas figures, in millions of U.S. dollars, calendar year
information

# Section V. Key Contacts and Further Information 

One of the goals of the Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) office in
Warsaw is to assist in the market development and promotion of U.S. food
and agricultural products in Poland. There are a wide variety of ways in
which to approach the Polish market and many key contacts such as
importers, distributors, and retailers. Please contact FAS Warsaw if you
would like additional information on the Polish market if your company
is interested in selling U.S. food and beverage products to Poland.

Several commodity groups who are partners with FAS in promotion, called
cooperators, are active in the Polish market. Those cooperators
particularly active in Poland include: California Pistachio Commission,
Raisin Administrative Committee, Northwest Wine Coalition, American
Hardwood Export Council, U.S. Wheat Associates, Cranberry Marketing
Committee, and Food Export USA Northeast. The California Wine Institute
and the U.S. Soybean Export Council have local representatives in
Warsaw. These contacts can be provided to any business exporting U.S.
food products.

Staff contacts for marketing:

Ed Porter, Counselor

Kate Snipes, Attaché

Jolanta Figurska, Marketing Specialist

# Office of Agriculture Affairs 

U.S. Embassy, Poland

Al. Ujazdowskie 29/31

00-540 Warsaw, Poland

**Telephone number:** 011-48-22-504-2336

**Fax number:** 011-48-22-504-2320

**E-mail inquires:** agwarsaw@usda.gov, jolanta.figurska@usda.gov

**Web page:** http://warsaw.usembassy.gov/poland/agric

# Appendix 1. Statistics

## A. KEY TRADE & DEMOGRAPHIC INFORMATION

+----------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
| Agricultural Imports From All Countries (\$Mil)/U.S.     | 5,        |
| Market Share (%)[^2]                                     | 571/1.20% |
+----------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
| Consumer Food Imports From All Countries (\$Mil)/U.S.    | 1,777/3%  |
| Market Share (%)                                         |           |
+----------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
| Edible Fishery Imports From All Countries (\$Mil)/U.S.   | []{.mark} |
| Market Share (%)                                         |           |
|                                                          | 486/3.5%  |
+----------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
| Total Population (Millions)/Annual Growth Rate (%)       | 3         |
|                                                          | 8.5/0.02% |
+----------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
| Urban Population (Millions)/Annual Growth Rate (%)       | 23.9/1-2% |
+----------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
| Number of Major Metropolitan Areas[^3]                   | 1         |
+----------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
| Size of the Middle Class (Millions)/Growth Rate (%)[^4]  | []{.mark} |
|                                                          |           |
|                                                          | 3.9/1%    |
+----------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
| Gross Domestic Product (current growth, Jan-Aug 2006)    | 5.4%      |
+----------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
| Unemployment Rate (%, September 2006)                    | 15.2%     |
+----------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
| Average Monthly Food Expenditures, USD                   | \$70      |
+----------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
| \% of Employed Females[^5]                               | 47.8%[^6] |
+----------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
| Exchange Rate (US\$1, December 2006 )                    | 2.85      |
+----------------------------------------------------------+-----------+

##  B. POLISH CONSUMER FOOD & EDIBLE FISHERY PRODUCT IMPORTS

  --------------------------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
                              **Imports                           **Imports                         **U.S.                
                              from the                            from the                          Market                
                              World**                             U.S.**                            Share**               

  (In Millions of Dollars)    **2002**    **2003**    **2004**    **2002**    **2003**   **2004**   **2002**   **2003**   **2004**

  **CONSUMER-ORIENTED         1,500       1,643       1,777       31          43         45         2          3          3
  AGRICULTURAL TOTAL**                                                                                                    

  Snack Foods (Excl. Nuts)    132         160         237         0           2          0          0          0          0

  Breakfast Cereals & Pancake 2           3           6           0           0          0          0          4          7
  Mix                                                                                                                     

  Red Meats,                  75          85          201         6           17         2          1          5          9
  Fresh/Chilled/Frozen                                                                                                    

  Red Meats,                  10          9           13          0           0          0          0          1          0
  Prepared/Preserved                                                                                                      

  Poultry Meat                22          18          80          2           0          0          2          3          2

  Dairy Products (Excl.       79          81          105         0           0          0          0          1          0
  Cheese)                                                                                                                 

  Cheese                      16          20          34          0           0          0          0          0          0

  Eggs & Products             6           7           14          0           1          1          1          3          5

  Fresh Fruit                 437         501         582         3           4          6          0          1          1

  Fresh Vegetables            110         105         155         0           0          0          0          0          0

  Processed Fruit &           146         158         225         4           3          7          5          5          3
  Vegetables                                                                                                              

  Fruit & Vegetable Juices    57          61          73          1           1          2          1          1          2

  Tree Nuts                   31          33          55          3           5          8          10         10         10

  Wine & Beer                 87          96          122         4           5          6          3          4          4

  Nursery Products & Cut      88          102         141         1           0          0          1          1          1
  Flowers                                                                                                                 

  Pet Foods (Dog & Cat Food)  26          34          47          1           1          1          7          8          6

  Other Consumer-Oriented     451         511         668         18          16         22         3          4          4
  Products                                                                                                                

  **FISH & SEAFOOD PRODUCTS** 293         347         319         1           1          4          0          0          1

  Salmon                      31          55          83          0           1          3          1          1          1

  Surimi                      44          41          56          0           0          1          0          0          0

  Crustaceans                 14          17          19          0           0          7          0          0          0

  Groundfish & Flatfish       135         148         200         3           6          13         0          1          3

  Mollusks                    1           1           3           0           0          0          0          0          0

  Other Fishery Products      91          96          124         0           0          1          0          0          0

  **AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS     **3,651**   **4,011**   **5,458**   **108**     **98**     **106**    **2**      **3**      **3**
  TOTAL**                                                                                                                 

  **AGRICULTURAL, FISH &      **4,447**   **4,932**   **6,733**   **120**     **110**    **130**    **2**      **2**      **3**
  FORESTRY TOTAL**                                                                                                        

  Source: FAS\' Global                                                                                                    
  Agricultural Trade System                                                                                               
  using data from the United                                                                                              
  Nations Statistical Office                                                                                              
  --------------------------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

## C. POLISH IMPORTS FROM TOP 15 SUPPLIERS OF CONSUMER FOODS AND SEAFOOD

+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
|            |     |       |       |   |        |      |      |      |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
| **CONSUME  |     |       |       |   | ###### |      |      |      |
| R-ORIENTED |     |       |       |   | ### FI |      |      |      |
| AG         |     |       |       |   | SH & S |      |      |      |
| RICULTURAL |     |       |       |   | EAFOOD |      |      |      |
| IMPORTS    |     |       |       |   |  PRODU |      |      |      |
| (\$1000)** |     |       |       |   | CTS (\ |      |      |      |
|            |     |       |       |   | $1000) |      |      |      |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
|            | **  | **2   | **2   |   |        | **20 | **20 | **20 |
|            | 200 | 003** | 004** |   |        | 02** | 03** | 04** |
|            | 2** |       |       |   |        |      |      |      |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
| Germany    | 217 | 2     | 4     |   | Norway | 10   | 12   | 14   |
|            | 145 | 57815 | 13477 |   |        | 1959 | 4070 | 5491 |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
| Spain      | 251 | 3     | 3     |   | China  | 3    | 4    | 4    |
|            | 871 | 02249 | 60841 |   |        | 1099 | 5539 | 4398 |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
| N          | 167 | 1     | 3     |   | I      | 2    | 2    | 3    |
| etherlands | 280 | 90663 | 01316 |   | celand | 1504 | 1045 | 7784 |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
| Italy      | 132 | 1     | 2     |   | R      | 3    | 2    | 3    |
|            | 233 | 59637 | 18302 |   | ussian | 5849 | 5484 | 0902 |
|            |     |       |       |   | Fede   |      |      |      |
|            |     |       |       |   | ration |      |      |      |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
| France     | 87  | 97961 | 1     |   | Nethe  | 1    | 2    | 2    |
|            | 305 |       | 50761 |   | rlands | 4709 | 1463 | 6652 |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
| Denmark    | 67  | 66361 | 1     |   | Arg    | 1    | 2    | 2    |
|            | 758 |       | 26044 |   | entina | 2298 | 7437 | 5989 |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
| Hungary    | 81  | 87683 | 94345 |   | D      | 1    | 1    | 2    |
|            | 890 |       |       |   | enmark | 6479 | 4572 | 3974 |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
| Czech      | 61  | 63748 | 75527 |   | G      | 1    | 1    | 2    |
| Republic   | 249 |       |       |   | ermany | 3217 | 3014 | 0285 |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
| Ecuador    | 73  | 77416 | 73064 |   | I      | 8296 | 1    | 1    |
|            | 129 |       |       |   | reland |      | 1092 | 8444 |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
| Greece     | 60  | 54587 | 72877 |   | United | 4406 | 6770 | 1    |
|            | 340 |       |       |   | States |      |      | 7018 |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
| Brazil     | 31  | 38077 | 56564 |   | Th     | 1    | 1    | 1    |
|            | 189 |       |       |   | ailand | 2451 | 4763 | 4376 |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
| Belgium    | 31  | 38077 | 56564 |   | United | 2162 | 3751 | 1    |
|            | 189 |       |       |   | K      |      |      | 3211 |
|            |     |       |       |   | ingdom |      |      |      |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
| Turkey     | 33  | 33302 | 55902 |   | Spain  | 3430 | 4456 | 1    |
|            | 061 |       |       |   |        |      |      | 3022 |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
| United     | 45  | 58060 | 55425 |   | Sweden | 4299 | 2606 | 8567 |
| States     | 259 |       |       |   |        |      |      |      |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
| United     | 28  | 36742 | 54836 |   | Chile  | 3811 | 3002 | 3696 |
| Kingdom    | 874 |       |       |   |        |      |      |      |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
| Other      | 409 | 4     | 5     |   | Other  | 3    | 2    | 4    |
|            | 744 | 35338 | 92981 |   |        | 3450 | 1246 | 2360 |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
| World      | 1   | 19    | 27    |   | World  | 31   | 36   | 48   |
|            | 776 | 85364 | 58783 |   |        | 9413 | 0310 | 6181 |
|            | 643 |       |       |   |        |      |      |      |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+
| Source:    |     |       |       |   |        |      |      |      |
| FAS\'      |     |       |       |   |        |      |      |      |
| Global     |     |       |       |   |        |      |      |      |
| Ag         |     |       |       |   |        |      |      |      |
| ricultural |     |       |       |   |        |      |      |      |
| Trade      |     |       |       |   |        |      |      |      |
| System     |     |       |       |   |        |      |      |      |
| using data |     |       |       |   |        |      |      |      |
| from the   |     |       |       |   |        |      |      |      |
| United     |     |       |       |   |        |      |      |      |
| Nations    |     |       |       |   |        |      |      |      |
| S          |     |       |       |   |        |      |      |      |
| tatistical |     |       |       |   |        |      |      |      |
| Office     |     |       |       |   |        |      |      |      |
+------------+-----+-------+-------+---+--------+------+------+------+

[^1]: All monetary figures are reported in U.S. dollars.

[^2]: UN Statistics, data from 2004.

[^3]: Population in excess of 1,000,000.

[^4]: These are unofficial estimates due to the lack of reliable
    statistics.

[^5]: Percent of total number of women 18-59 years old.

[^6]: Statistical Yearbook of the Republic of Poland, 2005.