######### OMB Approval Number 2700-0085

**Broad Agency Announcement 04-02**

**BROAD AGENCY ANNOUNCEMENT**

**RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITIES IN**

**HUMAN AND ROBOTIC TECHNOLOGY**

**As Amended September 20, 2004**

**PROPOSALS DUE**

**October 1, 2004 (See note at Section I. 4. for exception)**

**NOTICES OF INTENT DUE**

**August 16, 2004 12:00 PM EDT**

**Issued: July [28]{.mark}, 2004**

**NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION**

######## Table of Contents

  ------------- ---------------------------------- -----------------------
  **Section**   **Introduction**                   **Beginning Page**

                **Introduction**                   1

  **I**         **General Information**            4

  **II**        **Eligibility Information**        5

  **III**       **Proposals**                      7

  **IV**        **Page Limitation**                15

  **V**         **Submission of Late Proposals**   15

  **VI**        **Evaluation Information**         15

  **VII**       **Evaluation Panel**               18

  **VIII**      **Award Information**              18

  **Appendix    **Technical Descriptions**         
  A**                                              

  **Appendix    **Government Task Agreements       
  B**           Forms**                            

  **Appendix    NOI Information Submittal Template 
  C**                                              

  **Appendix    **Cost Templates**                 
  D**                                              
  ------------- ---------------------------------- -----------------------

**INTRODUCTION**

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Vision is:

***To improve life here,***

***To extend life to there,***

***To find life beyond.***

On January 14, the President of the United States announced a new vision
for NASA to:

-   Implement a sustained and affordable human and robotic program to
    explore the solar system and beyond;

-   Extend human presence across the solar system, starting with a human
    return to the Moon by the year 2020, in preparation for human
    exploration of Mars and other destinations;

-   Develop the innovative technology, knowledge, and infrastructures
    both to explore and to support decisions about the destinations for
    human exploration; and

-   Promote international and commercial participation in exploration to
    further U.S. scientific, security, and economic interests.

The vision affirms the nation's commitment to space exploration and
provides a clear direction for the civil space program. The activities
carried out to implement this vision will be paced by experience,
technology readiness, and affordability. Implementation involves key
missions, including Moon and Mars exploration.

In response to this charge, the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (NASA) created a new Office of Exploration Systems (OExS)
at the Agency's headquarters and created or realigned several major
programmatic budget themes. The Development Programs Division of OExS is
responsible for the formulation and management of the new NASA
exploration budget themes: Project Constellation (i.e., the
transportation systems theme) and the Human and Robotic Technology
(H&RT) Theme, including the Advanced Space Technology Program (ASTP),
the Technology Maturation Program (TMP), the Innovative Technology
Transfer Partnerships (ITTP) program, the Centennial Challenges program,
and Project Prometheus. This BAA involves only ASTP and TMP within the
H&RT Theme..

Research and Development project proposals offered in response to this
Broad Agency Announcement (BAA) must be in support of the goals,
objectives and approach to human and robotic technology detailed in the
H&RT Formulation Plan (reference Section 7) (available at
[https://naccsli1.msfc.nasa.gov/ExplorationPortal](http://research.hq.nasa.gov/code_u/nra/current/NNH04ZTD001K/index.html)).
This includes a requirement that the timeliness of projected
accomplishments must be consistent with the Vision for Space
Exploration, and the published details of the OExS approach to 'spiral
development' to realize the National Vision, including:

(1) A 2014 first crewed flight of a new Crew Exploration Vehicle (i.e.,
    "Spiral 1" within the OExS acquisition plan),

(2) A human lunar return (HLR) by no later than 2020 (i.e., "Spiral 2"
    within the OExS acquisition plan); and,

(3) Projected possible later 'spirals' as documented in the H&RT
    Formulation Plan.

**Strategic Technical Challenges**

No formal set of future human and robotic exploration "design reference
missions" or "design reference architectures" have been established.
However, proposals must be in response to the strategic technical
challenges that must be surmounted to enable sustainable future
exploration including the goals of affordability, reliability/safety and
effectiveness. The H&RT strategic technical challenges (STCs) are
intended to frame both 'systems-of-systems' level goals and objectives,
and 'subsystem-level' goals and objectives for the program. These
challenges are presented in more detail in the H&RT Formulation Plan
(Section 6).

**Technology Investment Portfolio Balance**

The human and robotic technology investment portfolio resulting from
this and subsequent solicitations will be consistent with the overall
'portfolio balance' presented in Section 6 of the Formulation Plan.
Selections will be made consistent with the targeted portfolio balance.
(Note that a portion of future Technology Maturation Program resources
will be reserved to support a later competitive process during Winter
2004/2005 that will address critical 'technology gaps' related to
initial "Spiral 1" developments that may be identified through OExS
in-house and contractor team studies during coming months.)

The following are the specific guidelines associated with the several
programs of the ASTP and TMP as they are being formulated through this
BAA.

This BAA solicits research and technology development proposals from
external investigators in support of the following H&RT Programs.

-   [Advanced Space Technology Program (ASTP)]{.underline} (formerly the
    Mission and Science Measurement Technology (MSMT) program). This
    program provides the broad, low-Technology Readiness Level (TRL)
    (see Figure 1) foundation for much of NASA space technology. Element
    Programs within ASTP are described in Appendix A of this
    Announcement, along with details of the ASTP proposal topics invited
    through this BAA. The typical objective of projects funded in ASTP
    will be to reach a TRL of 5 by project completion in 2008. Within
    the ASCT Element Program (described in Appendix A, Section 1.1.),
    this guideline only applies to Tools and Databases. Advanced
    Concepts and Analyses funded through the ASCT Element Program which
    will typically reach or concern lower TRLs by project completion in
    2008.

-   [Technology Maturation Program (TMP)]{.underline}. This is a new
    program to develop and validate novel systems concepts and
    high-leverage technologies to enable safe, affordable, effective and
    sustainable human and robotic exploration, while filling critical
    gaps in near-term capabilities. Element Programs within TMP are
    described in Appendix A of this Announcement, along with details of
    the TMP proposal topics invited through this BAA. The typical
    objective of projects funded in TMP will be to reach a TRL of 6 by
    project completion in 2008. This guideline does not apply to the
    InSTEP Element Program (described in Appendix A, Section 2.5.).

# ![](media/image1.jpeg){width="6.5in" height="4.875in"}

Figure 1. NASA Technology Readiness Levels

Proposals submitted in response to this Announcement must address the
research emphases defined in Appendix A of this BAA. *This announcement
represents a unique proposal solicitation with particular needs for
specific kinds of proposals in specific areas of emphasis. Therefore, it
is critical that potential offerors carefully read the Technical
Descriptions in Appendix A of this announcement.* Those proposals that
do not address research within the scope of H&RT will not be evaluated.
However, NASA reserves the right to act in the best interest of the
Federal Government in the matter of proposal acceptance and evaluation.

NASA's safety policy prioritizes safety to protect: (1) the public, (2)
astronauts and pilots, (3) the NASA workforce (including contractor
employees working on NASA contracts), and (4) high-value equipment and
property. NFS 1852.223-70 defines safety as the freedom from those
conditions that can cause death, injury, occupational illness, damage to
or loss of equipment or property, or damage to the environment. In
designing systems that may be deployed well into the future, NASA seeks
to employ principles of environmental sustainability, that is, to
develop materials and processes, and new systems that will use resources
safely and efficiently over their life cycle without comprising the
ability of NASA and future generations to meet their needs.

This publication constitutes a Broad Agency Announcement (BAA) as
contemplated by FAR 35 and NFS 1835. A formal Request for Proposals
(RFP), solicitation, and/or additional information regarding this
announcement will not be issued. Request for same will be disregarded.
This BAA is open for one year through July 27, 2005. Information for the
first proposal cycle is set forth below. A second proposal cycle is
anticipated in the Winter 2004/2005 timeframe to address critical
technology gaps related to initial "Spiral 1" developments. Any
subsequent proposal cycles will be delineated in detail via amendments
to this BAA.

NASA will not issue paper copies of this announcement. NASA reserves the
right to select for award all, some or none of the proposals in response
to this announcement. NASA provides no funding for direct reimbursement
of proposal development costs. Technical and cost proposals (or any
other material) submitted in response to this BAA will not be returned.
It is the policy of NASA to treat all proposals as sensitive competitive
information and to disclose their contents only for the purposes of
evaluation.

####### I. GENERAL INFORMATION

1.  **Agency Name: NASA**

2.  **Research Opportunity Title:** Research and Development
    Opportunities in Human and Robotic Technology

3.  **Program Name:** NASA Office of Exploration Systems (OExS)

4.  **Response Date:** Electronic Proposals due [October 1]{.mark}, 2004
    4:30 P.M. EDT**. Offerors impacted by hurricane activity may request
    via email to <msosebee@hq.nasa.gov> not later than 4:00 P.M. EDT,
    September 22, 2004, an extension to the due date for their full
    proposal until October 8, 2004, 4:30 P.M. EDT. Alternatively,
    offerors may request via email not later than 4:00 P.M. EDT,
    September 22, 2004, an extension to the due date for final
    Government Task Agreements (GTAs) with Kennedy Space Center (KSC)
    and Stennis Space Center (SSC) until October 8, 2004 4:30 P.M. EDT,
    if only that aspect of their proposal was impacted. In such
    instances, draft GTAs must be submitted by October 1, 2004, 4:30
    P.M. EDT, pending final GTA submission by the extension date. The
    Government will provide email responses on any extension requests
    related to hurricane activity by no later that September 24, 2004,
    12:00 P.M. EDT.** Notices of Intent due August 16, 2004, 12:00 PM
    EDT (See Section III).

5.  **Selecting Official:** OExS Program Executive Officer (PEO) for
    Development

6.  **Points of Contact:** All questions shall be directed to the
    cognizant NASA Office as specified below:

> [Technical Point of Contact]{.underline}
>
> Mr. John C. Mankins
>
> Telephone: (202) 358-4659
>
> Email: john.c.mankins@nasa.gov
>
> [Contracting Point of Contact]{.underline}
>
> Mr. Michael R. Sosebee
>
> Telephone: (202) 358-1026
>
> Mobile: (202) 641-5914
>
> Email: msosebee@hq.nasa.gov

7.  **Instrument Type(s):** It is anticipated that awards made through
    this BAA may be in the form of contracts, cooperative agreements, or
    intra- or inter-Government transfers depending on the nature of the
    submitting organization and/or specific programmatic requirements. 
    A NASA awards officer will determine the appropriate award
    instrument for the selections resulting from this solicitation. 
    Cooperative agreements will be subject to the provisions of the
    *NASA Grants and Cooperative Agreement Handbook* (hereafter referred
    to as the *Handbook*, found at
    <http://ec.msfc.nasa.gov/hq/grcover.htm>).  Contract awards will be
    subject to the provisions of the Federal Acquisition Regulations
    (FAR) and the NASA FAR Supplement (see
    [http://ec.msfc.nasa.gov/hq/library/v-reg.htm.](http://ec.msfc.nasa.gov/hq/library/v-reg.htm))

8.  **Additional Information: The BAA and related documents may be
    obtained over the Internet at:**

> [https://naccsli1.msfc.nasa.gov/ExplorationPortal](https://grenada.larc.nasa.gov/ExplorationPortal/index.jsp)

####### II. ELIGIBILITY INFORMATION

####### Eligible Applicants

> All categories of non-NASA U.S. institutions are eligible to submit
> proposals in response to this BAA. NASA Centers (JPL is considered a
> NASA Center for the purposes of this BAA) cannot submit proposals to
> this BAA. JPL may participate in support of an offeror's effort
> through a process similar to the GTA process. Because of JPL's unique
> status as an FFRDC an alternate process for their support has been
> developed. Offerors should contact the JPL POC for proper forms to be
> completed for this effort. Non-NASA Principal Investigators may
> collaborate with NASA Centers as well as with universities, Federal
> Government laboratories, the private sector, and state and local
> government laboratories. In all such arrangements, the applying entity
> is expected to be responsible for administering the project according
> to the management approach presented in the proposal.

####### Cost Sharing or Matching

> If an institution of higher education, hospital, or other non-profit
> organization wants to receive a cooperative agreement, cost sharing is
> not required. However, NASA can accept cost sharing if it is
> voluntarily offered (See the Handbook, Section B, Provision 1260.123,
> "Cost Sharing or Matching," which describes the acceptable forms of
> cost sharing). If a commercial organization wants to receive a
> cooperative agreement cost sharing is required, unless the commercial
> organization can demonstrate that they will not receive substantial
> compensating benefits for performance of the work. If no substantial
> compensating benefits will be received, then cost sharing is not
> required but can be accepted (See the Handbook, Section D, Provision
> 1274.204, "Costs and Payments".)

####### Guidelines for Foreign Participation

> A key challenge for NASA is to develop new capabilities in a manner
> that is flexible in order to incorporate new technologies, as well as
> agile in order to respond to scientific discoveries. Based upon the
> complexity of the enabling research and technology necessary to
> support affordable and sustainable Moon and Mars exploration, NASA
> seeks the broadest possible industry participation and competition in
> response to this Broad Agency Announcement (BAA) for research and
> technology. This is in order to meet the needs of Exploration System's
> stated strategy and objectives for incremental (spiral) development,
> and to address technology gaps in a timely manner as described herein.
> In order to obtain the most innovative and potentially most effective
> research and technology from the broadest array of sources, NASA has
> approved a deviation to the NASA FAR Supplement 1835.016-70 entitled,
> "Foreign participation under broad agency announcements." This
> deviation, which applies to this BAA only, allows NASA to provide
> direct funding to foreign entities without requiring a waiver by the
> Office of External Relations (OER).
>
> In keeping with NASA's goal to seek the broadest participation and
> competition possible, NASA will continue to consider proposals with
> foreign sponsorship as outlined in subsection (3) below. The deviation
> referenced in the paragraph above does not change the process that
> proposals with foreign sponsorship should follow.
>
> Specific requirements for OER approval, are still required, and are
> outlined below.
>
> OER will review for eligibility for selection, all foreign proposals
> and U.S. proposals with foreign participation, to ensure consistency
> with all applicable statutes, regulations, Executive Orders and
> policies governing export control, non-proliferation, and trade. Trade
> policy review will include trade policies of the foreign participant's
> Government concerning U.S. firms and intellectual property rights.
>
> The following requirements apply to foreign proposals and U.S.
> proposals that include foreign participation:
>
> \(1\) All foreign proposals must be typewritten in English and comply
> with all other submission requirements stated in this BAA. All foreign
> proposals will undergo the same evaluation and selection process as
> those originating in the U.S., except as noted herein.

\(2\) The Office of Exploration Systems will contact successful and
unsuccessful foreign entities. Copies of these letters will be sent to
the foreign sponsor in the case of foreign government endorsed proposals
and foreign sponsored U.S. proposals that include foreign participation.

> \(3\) Should a foreign government sponsored proposal or a joint
> U.S.-foreign proposal with foreign sponsored participation, be
> selected, NASA\'s Office of External Relations will arrange with the
> foreign sponsor for the proposed participation on a
> no-exchange-of-funds basis, in which NASA and the foreign sponsoring
> agency will each bear the cost of discharging their respective
> responsibilities. Depending on the nature and extent of the proposed
> cooperation, these arrangements may entail:

-   An exchange of letters between NASA and the foreign sponsor**;** or

-   A formal Agency-to-Agency Memorandum of Understanding (MOU).

> As previously noted, a deviation form the NASA Far supplement will
> allow NASA to fund foreign proposals that do not have foreign
> government sponsorship.

####### III. PROPOSALS 

####### 1. Source of Application Materials 

> All information needed to apply to this solicitation is contained in
> this announcement. Proposals that do not conform to the standards
> outlined in this BAA will not be reviewed.

####### 2. Content and Form of Proposal Submission

> A. [Submission Instructions]{.underline}
>
> All Notices of Intent and Proposals in response to this BAA must be
> submitted electronically via the NASA OExS Acquisition Portal
> available at
> [https://naccsli1.msfc.nasa.gov/ExplorationPortal](https://grenada.larc.nasa.gov/ExplorationPortal/index.jsp).
> This process will start with registration as a BAA proposer at the
> website referenced above. Paper submission will not be reviewed.
>
> B. [Notice of Intent to Propose]{.underline}
>
> An approved Notice of Intent (NOI) to propose is required for the
> submission of proposals to this solicitation.  NOIs must be submitted
> by **12:00 PM EDT, August 16[,]{.mark} 2004**. The evaluation of NOIs
> will be conducted as described in Section VI of this BAA. Offerors
> having NOIs that meet the evaluation criteria will be notified to
> submit a full proposal. NASA response to submit a full proposal is
> scheduled no later than **August 31, 2004**. Appendix C contains the
> information submittal template for the NOIs.

#### Instructions for Preparation of Proposals

> The website for submission of proposals will be operational by
> September 20, 2004. Submission of proposal may be done at any time
> after that date and must be received by October 1, 2004 (except as
> noted in Section I. 4.). You are encouraged to submit as early as
> practicable during this time period. Certain information will be
> required to be filled in on the electronic submission webpage. This
> information will include data on participating organizations; project
> type; primary and secondary program; primary theme; and cost totals
> for Phase I and II. There will be a total of three (3) files to upload
> your information: Summary Chart; Project Information (Proposal Items
> 1-13 below); and Cost. An example Summary Chart is shown at Appendix
> E.
>
> **The proposal must include the following material, in this order:**

1.  **Proposal Cover Page**: Solicited Proposal Application, including
    > certification of compliance with U.S. code (if applicable).
    > Signature required. Please follow the instructions available at
    > the OExS Acquisitions Portal to complete the proposal cover page
    > information.

2.  **Transmittal Letter or Prefatory Material**, if any.

3.  **Proposal Title Page**, with Notice of Restriction on Use and
    > Disclosure of Proposal Information, if any.

4.  **Statement of Justification**: A one-page justification on how the
    > proposed research satisfies the unique requirements of OExS in
    > general and the research emphases of this BAA in particular
    > (Reference Appendix A).

5.  **Proposal Abstract** (Insert Brief Summary from NOI Submittal)

6.  **Project Description**: The Project description shall contain
    > sufficient detail to enable reviewers to make informed judgments
    > about the overall merit of the proposed effort and about the
    > probability that the offeror will be able to accomplish their
    > stated objectives with the resources requested. In addition, the
    > proposal shall clearly indicate the relationship between the
    > proposed work and the research emphases defined in this
    > Announcement (Appendix A). The proposal shall include a
    > description of the research and development plan for Phase I and
    > Phase II. This section should expand on the topics in the proposal
    > abstract and follow the general breakout below:

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a.  A description of the proposed technology project including specific
    goals and objectives by phase and contract period.

b.  A description of the technology development/maturation approach,
    including, specific technical challenges that you expect to
    encounter, and technology metrics.

c.  A description of the impact of the proposed technology to future
    exploration systems, including specific benefits to exploration, and
    overall long-term use (e.g. future systems live Crew Exploration
    Vehicles, lunar rovers, lunar-planetary bases, etc)

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7.  **Statement Of Work:** The offeror shall provide a Statement of Work
    > (SOW) segregated by basic contract (Phase I), and each contract
    > option comprising Phase II. The Statement of Work will range from
    > 10 to 20 pages in total commensurate with the scope, complexity,
    > and magnitude of the proposed technology project. The Statement of
    > Work must include the following in the order listed: (1) Scope (2)
    > Objectives (3) SOW tasks organized in a Work Breakdown Structure
    > (WBS) and (4) Program Schedule & Milestones (5) Acceptance
    > criteria (e.g. key technology metrics) for assessing
    > progress/accomplishment for key milestones, and (6) deliverables,
    > which shall be defined and described under the applicable task/WBS
    > portion of the SOW. The deliverables must as a minimum reflect
    > those identified in the NOI.

8.  **Management Approach**: The offeror shall describe the proposed
    > management approach to accomplish the research and development
    > tasks in the proposal. The offeror shall also describe the roles
    > and responsibilities for each of the respective team members with
    > respect to the proposed work breakdown structure and deliverables.
    > This should include a management plan and schedule in the proposal
    > that reflects the tasks to be implemented for Phase I and Phase II
    > (if applicable). The offeror shall include a description of the
    > planning for project financial and progress reporting based on
    > Earned Value Management System (EVMS) principles.

9.  **Key Personnel.** Provide information regarding the qualifications,
    > capabilities and experience of the proposed key personnel (the use
    > of resumes is encouraged). Key personnel are those skilled,
    > experienced, professional and technical personnel essential for
    > successful accomplishment of the proposal objectives, such as the
    > principal investigator, team leader, etc. Individual personnel
    > information is limited to a maximum of one page with a limitation
    > of no more than 3 personnel.

10. **Facilities and Equipment:** Describe the available facilities and
    > major items of equipment specially adapted or suited to the
    > proposed research activities, and any additional major equipment
    > that will be required. Identify any government-owned facilities,
    > industrial plant equipment, or special tooling that are proposed
    > for use in the research activities. The proposal must provide
    > evidence that such facilities or equipment will be made available
    > if the proposal is selected. Before requesting a major item of
    > capital equipment, the offeror should determine the availability
    > of equipment already within the organization as an alternative to
    > purchase. Where such arrangements cannot be made, the offeror
    > should state this explicitly. The need for items that can be
    > typically used for research and non-research purposes should be
    > explained. If the offeror proposes the use of Government Task
    > Agreements (GTAs), the attached format shall be completed
    > (Appendix B, GTA Form and Commitment Letter), (When opening the
    > GTA Form in Microsoft Excel, enter Enable Macros). (Note: For
    > those offerors who contemplate a GTA with KSC and SSC and have
    > been delayed due to the Hurricane activity, a draft of the GTA
    > must be submitted with the proposal and the final GTA is due no
    > later that 10 days after submission of the full proposal.

11. **Past Performance of Offeror's team.** Provide a maximum of
    > five (5) recent sources (within the past three (3) years) of
    > relevant past performance information for previous work or
    > experience in the field being proposed for both the offeror and
    > any subcontractors over \$500,000. For each contract and
    > subcontract, provide the following (please ensure all information
    > provided is current):

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a.  Contract Number

b.  Name of Contracting Agency

c.  Program Manager (or point of contact familiar with performance) and
    Telephone Number

d.  Contracting Officer and Telephone Number

e.  Synopsis of Work Performed

f.  Contract Type

g.  Total Contract Value

h.  Past Performance Rating and Summary (Technical, Cost, Schedule)

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12. **Small Business.** Provide proposed subcontracting goals (or
    > planned participation for small businesses) for small businesses,
    > HUBZone small businesses, small disadvantaged businesses,
    > woman-owned small businesses, veteran-owned small businesses,
    > service disabled veteran small businesses, historically black
    > colleges and universities, and minority institutions. Indicate key
    > small business subcontractors and their roles. The North American
    > Industry Classification System (NAICS) code for this solicitation
    > is 541710 with a small business size standard of 1,000 employees.
    > The proposed goals should meet or exceed 10 percent for Small
    > Businesses broken down as 4 percent for Small Disadvantaged
    > Businesses (SDB\'s); 2 percent for Women Owned Small Businesses
    > (WOSB\'s); 0.5 percent for Historically Underutilized Business
    > (HUB) Zone Small Businesses; and 0.5 percent for Veteran-Owned
    > Small Businesses (VOSB)/Service Disabled Veteran Owned Small
    > Businesses (SDVOSB). The small business goals shall be expressed
    > as a percentage of total contract value.

13. **Special Matters** (specific information on animal or human
    > subjects protocol approval required, if applicable): For proposals
    > employing human subjects and/or animals, assurance of compliance
    > with human subjects and/or animal care and use provisions is
    > required on the Proposal Cover Page. In addition, the application
    > must include a statement from the applicant institution certifying
    > that the proposed work will meet all Federal and local human
    > subjects requirements and/or animal care and use requirements.

> > For proposals having the potential to impact the environment, a
> > statement of assurance of compliance with Federal, State, and local
> > environmental laws and regulations is required on the Proposal Cover
> > Page. In addition, the application must include a statement from the
> > offeror certifying that the proposed work will meet all Federal and
> > local environmental requirements. Depending upon the specific
> > activity proposed, NASA may ask the applicant to provide additional
> > information to assist NASA in complying with the National
> > Environmental Policy Act, National Historic Preservation Act, and
> > other applicable environmental laws, regulations, Executive Orders.
>
> > Policies for the protection of the environment in NASA actions,
> > including approval of NASA sponsored research projects, are
> > described in 14 CFR 1216, Environmental Quality, NPD 8500.1A,
> > Environmental Policy Act and Executive Order 12114. All documents
> > are available form the Office of Environmental Management, Code OJE,
> > NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC 20546, or at
> > [http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office
> > /codej/codeje/je_site/nepa/about_nepa.html](http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office /codej/codeje/je_site/nepa/about_nepa.html).
>
> > Policies for the protection of human subjects in NASA sponsored
> > research projects are described in NASA Management Instruction (NMI)
> > 7100.8B (*Protection of Human Research Subjects*). Animal use and
> > care requirements are described in the NASA Code of Federal
> > Regulations (CFR) 1232 (*Care and Use of Animals in the Conduct of
> > NASA Activities*). Both documents are available from the Office of
> > Exploration Systems, Code UB, NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC
> > 20546.
>
> > The offeror shall identify and describe if funding has been received
> > for work under this project by any other Federal grant, contract or
> > subcontract.

a.  **[Additional Requirements for Research Employing Human
    > Subjects]{.underline}**

> A letter signed by the Chair of the Institutional Review Board (IRB)
> identifying the proposal submitted to NASA by title and certifying
> approval of proposed human subjects protocols and procedures will be
> required. IRB certifications for other research proposals or projects
> cannot be substituted (even if they employ the same protocols and
> procedures).
>
> This certification must be provided to the Government by the end of
> the first year of the proposed research and must be approved prior to
> actual testing.
>
> With regard to research involving human subjects, NASA and the NSBRI
> have adopted the National Institutes of Health (NIH) policy. Women and
> members of minority groups and their subpopulations must be included
> in NASA-supported biomedical and behavioral research projects
> involving human subjects, unless a clear and compelling rationale and
> justification is provided showing that inclusion of these groups is
> inappropriate with respect to the health of the subjects or the
> purpose of the research. NASA will require current IRB certification
> prior to each year's award.

# 

b.  **[Additional Requirements for Research Employing
    > Animals]{.underline}**

> Specific information describing and justifying the use of animal
> subjects must be included in the proposal.
>
> A letter signed by the Chair of the Institutional Animal Care and Use
> Committee (IACUC) identifying the proposal submitted to NASA by title
> and certifying approval of the proposed animal research protocols and
> procedures should be included with each copy of the proposal. The
> institution's Public Health Service Animal Welfare Assurance Number
> must be included on the IACUC certification and entered in the
> IRB/IACUC section of the Proposal Cover Page. IACUC certifications for
> other research proposals or projects cannot be substituted (even if
> they employ the same protocols and procedures).
>
> If IACUC certification is pending on the proposal due date, select
> "pending" from the IRB/IACUC selection menu on the Proposal Cover
> Page, and include with each copy of the proposal a letter signed by
> the IACUC Chair identifying the proposal by title and indicating the
> status of the IACUC review process at the time of submission. IACUC
> certification must be received no later than 90 days after the
> proposal due date. An application lacking the required IACUC
> certification 90 days after the proposal due date will be considered
> incomplete and may be returned to the applicant without review. NASA
> requires submission of current and updated IACUC certification.

14. **Cost Proposal.**

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a.  The cost proposal will encompass all costs associated with the
    requirements of the contemplated contract and will comply with
    applicable FAR, NFS, and governing statutory requirements.

b.  Because equitable and appropriate cost allocation is required for
    Government contracts, it is anticipated that Offerors and their
    subcontractors will estimate and price their proposals using
    approved estimating, pricing, and accounting systems, in accordance
    with their Cost Accounting Standards Disclosure Statement, if
    applicable. Offerors should provide time-phased summary cost
    breakdowns associated with Cost requirements for each of the BAA
    Elements by contract fiscal year. Offerors shall submit costs by
    **contract** year by Work Breakdown Structure down to Work Breakdown
    Structure level 2, summarized at each WBS level.

c.  Cost proposals should be in sufficient detail to allow direct and
    indirect rate verification with cognizant DCAA offices, and audit of
    selected costs, if necessary. Since the Government is assuming that
    adequate price competition will exist, limited audit, if any, would
    primarily be intended to assist in cost realism evaluations. The
    Government does not intend to perform full audits of the proposals.

d.  Only minimal information other than cost or pricing data necessary
    to establish a price shall be requested at this time. (See FAR
    15.403-3) Cost information will not be requested unless proposed
    prices appear unreasonable or unrealistically low given the
    offeror's proposed approach and there are concerns that the
    contractor may default.

e.  Offerors will be advised if additional data is needed. (See FAR
    15.403-3)

f.  Successful Offerors shall provide a time phased monthly cost
    proposal by Government fiscal year prior to or during negotiations.

g.  Appendix D is the specific format requested for submittal of other
    than cost and pricing information. These formats, including the
    requirements for detailed cost and substantiation information are
    equally applicable to all major subcontractors and all principals in
    joint ventures and teaming arrangements. The Offeror's own cost
    model, structure and format shall be used for submitting supporting
    information. The Appendix D Forms shall be used for evaluation
    purposes only. For price purposes, major subcontractors are defined
    as those subcontracts in excess of \$550,000 per year.

> Appendix D Forms are as shown in the following table:

+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| > [Form]{.mark}       | [Title]{.mark}        | > [Period]{.mark}     |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| > Form A              | Labor                 | By Contractor Fiscal  |
|                       | Categories/Rates      | Year                  |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| > Form A.1            | Labor                 | By Contract Year      |
|                       | Categories/Rates      |                       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| > Form B              | Time Phased Summary   | By Contract Year      |
|                       | by Element Program    |                       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| > Form C              | Phase 1 Cost Elements | By Contract Year      |
|                       | Summary/Prime & Subs  |                       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| > Form C.1            | Phase 2 Cost Elements | By Contract Year      |
|                       | Summary/Prime & Subs  |                       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+

> **Cover Page**. Provide the following information on the cover page of
> the cost proposal:

1.  Broad Agency Announcement Name

2.  Name, address, and telephone number of Offeror

3.  Name, title and telephone number of Offeror's point of contact

4.  Type of contract, place(s) and period(s) of performance

5.  The total proposed amount

6.  Name, address, telephone and fax number of the Government cognizant
    contract administration office and audit office

7.  Name, title and signature of authorized representative of the
    company, and date of submission.

> The cost proposal shall include a detailed Base of Estimate (BOE) of
> all costs by cost category, by contract fiscal year and shall include
> the following as a minimum:

a.  **Basis of Estimate.** Detail as much as possible to support the
    basis for labor mix, skill, indirect rates, contractor equipment,
    government provided equipment, travel, subcontract costs,
    consultant, materials, Other Direct Costs, and Fee.

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a.  **Direct Labor.** Individual labor category or person, with
    associated labor hours and unburdened direct labor rates.

b.  **Indirect Costs.** Fringe Benefits, Overhead, G&A, COM, etc. (Must
    show base amount and rate).

c.  **Proposed Contractor-Acquired Equipment.** Such as, but not limited
    to, computer hardware for proposed research projects should be
    specifically itemized with costs or estimated costs, if it is being
    proposed as a direct cost. An explanation of any estimating factors,
    including their derivation and application, should be provided.
    Please include a brief description of the Offeror\'s procurement
    method to be used.

d.  **Proposed Government furnished equipment or facilities if
    applicable.** Offerors are expected to provide all facilities
    (equipment and/or real property) necessary for the performance of
    the proposed effort. Any direct charge of facilities, not including
    deliverable items, must be specifically identified in the Offeror's
    proposal and approved by the Government prior to purchase. In
    addition, any request to use Government owned facilities must be
    included in the Offeror's proposal and approved in advance by the
    cognizant Government official. After contract award, requests to use
    Government integration, test, and experiment facilities will be
    considered on a case by case basis based on availability and
    justification of need. The Government is not responsible for any
    schedule fluctuations resulting from Offeror requests.

e.  **Travel.** Number of trips, number of days per trip, departure and
    arrival destinations, number of people, etc;

f.  **Subcontract.** A cost proposal as detailed as the Offeror's cost
    proposal will be required to be submitted with proposals exceeding
    \$550,000.

g.  **Consultant.** Provide consultant agreement or other document,
    which verifies the proposed loaded daily/hourly rate.

h.  **Materials.** Should be specifically itemized with costs or
    estimated costs. An explanation of any estimating factors, including
    their derivation and application, shall be provided. Please include
    a brief description of the Offeror\'s procurement method to be used.

i.  **Other Directs Costs.** Should be itemized with costs or estimated
    costs. Backup documentation should be submitted to support proposed
    costs and contract type.

j.  **Fee/Profit.** For proposed contracts, the Offeror's proposed
    Fee/Profit, including fee percentage.

####### IV. PAGE LIMITATIONS

  ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------
  Title                                    Total Pages

  Proposal Cover Page                      1

  Transmittal Letter or Prefatory Material 1

  Proposal Title Page                      1

  Proposal Abstract                        750 words

  Statement of Justification               1

  Project Description                      12

  Statement of Work (SOW)                  10-20

  Management Approach                      5

  Key Personnel                            3

  Facilities and Equipment                 5

  Past Performance of Offeror's team       5

  Small Business                           3

  Special Matters                          5

  Cost Proposal                            No limit
  ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------

> Pages in excess of the page limitations for each section will not be
> evaluated. A page is defined as one (1) sheet 8 ½ x 11 inches using a
> minimum of 12-point font size for text and 8-point for graphs.

####### V. SUBMISSION OF LATE PROPOSALS 

> Proposals received by the Government after the latest date and time
> for receipt will not be accepted.

####### VI. EVALUATION INFORMATION

1.  NASA Headquarters will receive all proposals through the OExS
    Exploration Portal. No paper copies will be acceptable.

2.  NASA Headquarters and evaluation team personnel will evaluate
    proposals using a web-based, electronic data management and workflow
    tool suite with network encryption for security.

3.  Evaluations will be conducted using a two-step process.  Step 1 will
    be to conduct an initial screening by evaluating the Notices of
    Intent based on the evaluation criteria of paragraph 1.3.1 below.
    Relevance to H&RT goals and objectives (reference H&RT Formulation
    Plan) is the most important factor.   Based upon this evaluation,
    and an integrated review across all project areas, offerors will be
    requested to submit full proposals for selected NOI's.  Step 2 will
    continue with evaluation of full proposals under the evaluation
    criteria set forth in section **1.3.2**.   Based upon this
    evaluation, an integrated review across all project areas for the
    best overall technology portfolio, and available funding, final
    selection decisions will be made.  NASA reserves the right to
    suggest collaboration across offerors and proposed projects where it
    will enhance the effort.  **NASA also reserves the right to select
    all or part of a proposal.**

    1.  **[EVALUATION CRITERIA FOR NOTICES OF INTENT]{.underline}**

> The following evaluation criteria shall be considered in the
> evaluation of an NOI. The factors are listed in descending order of
> importance.
>
> **1. Relevance and Potential to H&RT Goals and Objectives:**
>
> Relevance and potential of the project to support H&RT goals and
> objectives, including the applicability to a sole primary and a sole
> secondary element program of the proposed technologies.
>
> **2. Technical Quality and Appropriateness:**
>
> Technical quality and appropriateness of the proposed effort,
> including the technical approach and the clarity and appropriateness
> of technical milestones and proposed accomplishments, and
> identification of appropriate technology metrics (e.g. Technology
> Readiness Levels (TRLs), etc.) characterizing advances to be achieved.
> The technical approach includes the approach to deal with technology
> development challenges and the impact of the proposed technology to
> future exploration systems. In addition, this section includes an
> evaluation of the appropriateness of the proposed deliverables and
> equipment.

3\. Key Personnel:

> Clarity and appropriateness of proposed key personnel, job titles,
> background/field of expertise, and contact information.

4\. Project Team:

> Identification of and the appropriateness of the proposed project team
> including partnership between the offeror and NASA, and/or academia,
> and/or private industry, and/or non-profit organizations

**1.3.2 [EVALUATION CRITERIA FOR FULL PROPOSALS]{.underline}**

> The factors below are listed in descending order of importance.

1.  **Relevance and Potential to H&RT Goals and Objectives:**

> Relevance and potential to support H&RT goals and objectives.

2.  **Technical Quality and Appropriateness:**

> Quality and appropriateness of the proposed effort, including the
> technical approach, and the clarity and appropriateness of technical
> milestones and proposed accomplishments, and identification of
> appropriate technology metrics (e.g. TRLs, etc) characterizing
> advances to be achieved.  The technical approach includes the approach
> to deal with technology development challenges and the impact of the
> proposed technology to future exploration systems.  The proposed
> Statement of Work including deliverables will be evaluated for
> completeness and suitability for contract incorporation. The
> rationale, completeness and suitability of the proposed facilities and
> equipment will be evaluated including proposed Government Task
> Agreements (GTAs)

3.  Appropriateness of the proposed Team and Management

> Effectiveness and suitability of the proposed management approach
> including the roles and responsibilities of each team member including
> NASA centers will be evaluated. The qualifications, capabilities, and
> experience for proposed key personnel will be evaluated.

4.  Reasonableness of proposed Project Resources and Implementation
    Planning

> Reasonableness of proposed project resources and implementation
> planning, as well as the appropriateness and clarity of planning for
> project financial and progress reporting (based on Earned Value
> Management System (EVMS) principles).

5.  Socio Economic Merits

> The socioeconomic merits of each proposal will be evaluated based on
> the extent of the offeror's commitment to providing meaningful
> subcontracting opportunities in terms of proposed subcontracting goals
> for small businesses, HUBZone small businesses, small disadvantaged
> businesses, woman-owned small businesses, veteran-owned small
> businesses, service disabled veteran small businesses, historically
> black colleges and universities, and minority institutions.

6.  **Cost **

> **a.** Price realism for Firm Fixed Price (FFP) efforts.

b.  Consistency in content between price and technical plans for FFP

> Flexibly Priced Proposals.
>
> c\. Cost realism for Flexibly Priced Proposal (Cost, Cost Plus Fixed
> Fee, Cost-Sharing)

7.  Test Certification (if applicable)

> Clarity and appropriateness in describing the use of animal and/or
> human subjects for technology development. This includes the
> appropriate certification of the offeror to conduct needed tests.

####### VII. EVALUATION PANEL

> **1. Government Personnel.** Potential offerors should understand that
> government technical experts drawn from NASA and other Federal
> agencies may participate in the evaluation of the proposals. All
> government personnel participating in evaluation will be bound by
> appropriate non-disclosure agreements to protect proprietary and
> source-selection information.
>
> **2. Non-Government Personnel.** The Government may use selected
> Non-Government personnel to assist in providing both technical
> expertise and administrative support regarding proposals from this
> announcement. These individuals will be bound by appropriate
> non-disclosure agreements to protect proprietary and source-selection
> information.

####### VIII. AWARD INFORMATION

1.  **CCR.** Successful offerors not already registered in the Central
    Contractor Registry (CCR) will be required to register in CCR prior
    to award of any contract. Information on CCR registration is
    available at [http://www.ccr.gov](http://www.ccr.gov/).

2.  **Certifications.** A completed package of certifications and
    representations will be required before the execution of any
    contract.

3.  **Subcontracting Plans.** Successful contract proposals that exceed
    \$500,000, submitted by all but small business concerns, will be
    required to submit a Small Business Subcontracting Plan in
    accordance with FAR 52.219-9. This requirement also applies to
    non-profits, including educational institutions.

4.  **Multiple Awards.** NASA plans multiple awards that represent the
    best-integrated concept portfolio for the Government in accordance
    with the evaluation criteria. NASA is seeking participants for this
    program that are capable of supporting the goals described in this
    announcement. Offerors are encouraged to be creative in the
    selection of the technical and management processes and approaches
    to address the concept areas.

5.  **Period of Performance and Funding Allocation.** The Period of
    Performance of the awards will be as follows:

> Proposals submitted in response to this BAA must describe a complete
> 2-phase research and development (R&D) plan. However, a key product of
> the first phase of each selected project will be a detailed plan for
> the implementation of the remainder of the project.
>
> Initial awards under this BAA will be for Phase I R&D for no longer
> than 12 months, and will typically range from 10-15% of the total cost
> of the full project (except for ASCT and InSTEP 24 month projects.)
> Only the most promising Phase I projects will be selected for
> continuation to Phase II, an additional funding period for the
> completion of the project. Continuation at the end of Phase 1 will be
> contingent upon availability of funds and adequate progress toward
> project progress milestones as determined by NASA management. Phase II
> will consist of either one 12-month option period or one 12 month
> option period and one 24 month option period, depending on the program
> as specified below
>
> Within ASTP, project scope will be for a value/period up to the
> following limits:

+-----------------------------------+----------------------------------+
| ##### ASTP Element Program        | ##### Max                        |
|                                   | imum Phase I + Phase II Duration |
+-----------------------------------+----------------------------------+
| > ASCT Tools and Databases (App.  | > 12 months + 36 months, with a  |
| > A, Section 1.1)                 | > total value (per project) of   |
|                                   | > between \$4M-\$8M              |
+-----------------------------------+----------------------------------+
| > ASCT Concepts and Studies,      | > 12 months + 12 months, with a  |
| > Interfaces and Interface        | > total value (per project) of   |
| > Standards, and Integration      | > between \$2M-\$4M              |
| > Activities (App. A, Section     |                                  |
| > 1.1)                            |                                  |
+-----------------------------------+----------------------------------+
| > Other ASTP Element Programs     | > 12 months + 36 months, with a  |
| > (App. A, Sections 1.2-1.5;      | > total value of between         |
| > including Advanced Materials    | > \$5M-\$15M                     |
| > and Structural Concepts;        |                                  |
| > Computing, Electronics and      |                                  |
| > Imaging Systems; Software,      |                                  |
| > Intelligent Systems and         |                                  |
| > Modeling; and Power, Propulsion |                                  |
| > and Chemical Systems)           |                                  |
+-----------------------------------+----------------------------------+

> Note that a proposed ASTP project will fail to be accepted for being
> outside the planned scope of H&RT; this may include projects that are
> either too large or too small in funding scope, take too long to
> complete, or which are otherwise inconsistent with the goals and
> objectives of ASTP and H&RT.
>
> Within TMP, project scope will be for a value/period up to the
> following limits:

+-----------------------------------+----------------------------------+
| ##### TMP Element Program         | ##### Max                        |
|                                   | imum Phase I + Phase II Duration |
+-----------------------------------+----------------------------------+
| > InSTEP projects that support    | > 12 months + 12 months, with a  |
| > the initial definition and      | > total value (per project)      |
| > design studies related to       | > between \$2M-\$4M              |
| > development of key              |                                  |
| > infrastructures and carriers    |                                  |
| > (App. A, Section 2.5)           |                                  |
+-----------------------------------+----------------------------------+
| > InSTEP Technology Flight        | > 12 months + 36 months, with a  |
| > Experiment Definition Studies   | > total value (per project) of   |
| > and Implementation (App. A,     | > between \$10M-\$20M (not       |
| > Section 2.5)[^1]                | > including launch)              |
+-----------------------------------+----------------------------------+
| > Other TMP Element Programs      | > 12 months + 36 months, with a  |
| > (App. A, Sections 2.1- 2.4;     | > total value (per project) of   |
| > including High Energy Space     | > between \$10M-\$40M            |
| > Systems; Advanced Space         |                                  |
| > Platforms and Systems; Advanced |                                  |
| > Space Operations; and Lunar/    |                                  |
| > Planetary Surface Operations)   |                                  |
+-----------------------------------+----------------------------------+

> Note that a proposed TMP project may fail to be accepted for being
> outside the planned scope of H&RT; this may include projects that are
> either too large or too small in funding scope, take too long to
> complete, or which are otherwise inconsistent with the goals and
> objectives of TMP and H&RT.
>
> NASA does not provide separate funding for direct and indirect costs;
> thus, the amount of the award requested is the total of all costs
> submitted in the proposed budget. It is estimated that the initial
> selection will be announced by October 2004 and the award made during
> the first quarter of GFY 05.

6.  **Award Date.** Selection is anticipated in October 2004. Awards are
    anticipated the first quarter of GFY 05

7.  **Funding Availability.** Funds are not currently available for
    awards under this BAA. The Government's obligation to make award(s)
    is contingent upon the availability of appropriated funds and the
    number of awards under this BAA.

8.  **Data Rights.** All data produced and delivered under awards will
    be "unlimited

> Rights" data under FAR 52.227-14.

9.  **Deliverables and Award Reporting Requirements.**

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(1) **Phase I.** Monthly reports providing updates to status, schedule
    and progress of effort. Monthly financial reports will also be
    required. These data will be required using formats and technology
    that will facilitate OExS integration of the data from various
    efforts (e.g., an on-line, earned value management type approach). A
    midterm and final review at NASA Headquarters will also be required.

(2) **Phase II.** Monthly reports providing status, schedule, and
    progress of effort. Monthly financial reports will also be required.
    These data will be required using formats and technology that will
    facilitate OExS integration of the data from various efforts (e.g.,
    an on-line, earned value management type approach). A midterm for
    the first option and a final review at NASA Headquarters will be
    required. For the final option period a midterm and final review
    will also be required at NASA Headquarters.

> **10.** NASA reserves the right to negotiate a public outreach and
> education task under the resultant contracts.
>
> **RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITIES IN**

##### HUMAN AND ROBOTIC TECHNOLOGY

# APPENDIX A: SCIENTIFIC/TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION

**1. [Advanced Space Technology Program]{.underline}**

Program Director, Dr. Terry Allard at <Terry.Allard-1@NASA.gov>

The Advanced Space Technology Program (ASTP) was created to advance the
state-of-the-art in exploration systems technologies through high-risk /
high payoff research and technology investments that will have major
\"system-of-systems\" impacts on human and robotic exploration
architectures and missions. These low-TRL investments will have a
primary impact on the Exploration Systems Mission Directorate programs
and projects but many will also have broad common value to other mission
directorates as well. ASTP reduces development risk inherent in
innovative concepts exploration and novel research approaches to
critical problem areas necessary to make a safe, affordable and
sustainable exploration vision a reality in the long-term. ASTP
researchers and technologists represent a network of informed subject
matter experts that support a broad range of technical decisions and
procurement actions by the Exploration Systems Mission Directorate. 

ASTP projects span a range of Technology Readiness Levels (TRLs) from
the formulation of new technology concepts and applications (TRL 2)
through advanced technology development (TRL 5). The ASTP solicitation
and awards process is fully aligned with the spiral development cycles
of the Exploration Systems Mission Directorate. The primary mechanism
for technology impact is through coordinated planning with the H&RT
Technology Maturation Program (TMP) aimed at Project Constellation and
related exploration missions. In addition to this primary technology
maturation pathway, technology insertion opportunities will be pursued
following unanticipated technical breakthroughs and / or new
partnerships. ASTP encourages partnership between in-house NASA experts
and external investigators in industry, academia and other government
agencies as required to meet Human and Robotic exploration requirements.
We anticipate close alignment between the ASTP Element Programs and
industry through the H&RT Innovative Technology Transfer Partnership
(ITTP) program.

ASTP Element Programs are organized according to technical problem
domains into 5 element programs. The following paragraphs provide
descriptions of the specific technology topics of interest for the ASTP
within this BAA. 

The following paragraphs provide descriptions of the specific technology
topics of interest for the ASTP within this BAA.

**1.1. Advanced Studies, Concepts, and Tools (ASCT)**

OExS Element Program Lead: Douglas A. Craig at
<douglas.a.craig-1@nasa.gov>

This Element Program explores revolutionary exploration
technology/systems concepts and architectures; performs technology
assessments to identify and prioritize mission enabling technologies;
develops advanced engineering tools for systems analysis and reducing
mission risk; and conducts exploratory research and development of
emerging technologies and novel systems concepts with high potential
payoff. This Element Program will provide crosscutting support in these
areas to the several H&RT programs, as well as to the goals of overall
H&RT program integration.

Proposals are sought in the technical themes listed below. A proposal
may address project topics related to one or more of these themes.

####### Advanced Concepts

####### Technology-Systems Analysis

####### Technology Databases 

####### System Design and Engineering Analysis Tools

ASCT faces several key challenges in being able to implement a
systematic, reliable, and efficient analysis capability for H&RT (and
OExS in general). For example, there is ongoing difficulty in acquiring
and generating quantitative requirements involving highly complex
"trade-space" considerations, visualization of new concepts, and
evaluation methods. In addition, rigor in analysis depends upon access
to domain data, management of data pedigrees, and consistently dealing
with heterogeneous engineering data across diverse
systems/missions/architectures. The overall 'portfolio' of investments
within ASCT will be managed so as to best address both longer-term
opportunities and nearer-term needs to best inform and support the
overall needs of H&RT.

The following challenges are of particular importance.

**[Advanced Concepts]{.underline}**. It is important to maintain a
steady flow of innovation into the long-term campaign of sustainable
space exploration, and the H&RT investment portfolio in particular. .
This area will develop advanced exploration architecture concept studies
looking alternative "systems-of-systems" concepts. This area will
provide an ongoing source of high-leverage, higher-risk concepts and
technology opportunities with long-term 'systems-of-systems' level
impact. In addition, these 'advanced concepts' efforts could involve not
only 'paper studies' but also lower TRL (e.g., TRL 2-3) exploratory
research and development involving emerging technologies with high
potential payoff through experimental and/or analytical validation, etc.
Such low TRL research and technology may address (at low levels of
funding, shorter duration, etc.) topics found in any of the H&RT Element
Programs.

This Element Program also addresses system interfaces and interface
standards which will be an important aspect of the development of
exploration systems. This activity includes the identification of
existing standards, assessment of the role of standards in, and impact
of standards on technology choices, and establishing interfaces
standards for novel systems concepts (including intelligent modular
systems). Possible implementation approaches of identified standards
will also be addressed by this program.

This Element Program also addresses integration activities such as: 1)
workshops/conference planning, logistics, facilitation and recording, 2)
technical peer reviews, and 3) technology policy related studies and
assessments, 4) portfolio analyses, and 5) report generation.

**[Technology-Systems Analysis]{.underline}**. In addition, it is
important that the ongoing technology investment and validation process
be guided by focused technology assessments and analyses. These studies
are needed in areas involving all of the various other Element Programs
within H&RT (including both ASTP and TMP). This Element Program will
include advanced studies, technology assessments and forecasts; the
development of high-level technology analysis tools, integrated analyses
of the potential system and/or architecture impact of new technologies,
etc. This area should also encompass support for technology road map
definition. Specific proposed efforts could address any of the separate
Element Programs, or appropriate crosscutting combinations of them.

This area also addresses integration activities such as: 1)
workshops/conference planning, logistics, facilitation and recording, 2)
technical peer reviews, and 3) report generation.

**[Technology Databases]{.underline}**. A strong, integrated approach to
the management of technology related information is important to a
well-formulated investment portfolio. This Element program will support
funding for various types of technology databases, for both internal use
in analyses and planning, as well as for external communications. This
may involve the identification and management of data related to
requirements for technology testing, verification and validation based
on architectures, concepts of operations, PRA assessments, etc., and
will complement existing capabilities. This also includes four types of
technology databases any one of which -- or combination may be proposed;
these include databases that contain information on: 1) past technology
development accomplishments (used for assessments, and for intellectual
property management[^2]), 2) current technology development activities
(used for investment management and decisions), and 3) technology
forecasting (used for architecture and concept analyses), 4)
connectivity between these different databases to ensure consistency in
the technology information captured. The technology databases utilized
in this program will comply with the Exploration Enterprise Simulation
Based Acquisition activity, Space Act Awards, and internal NASA
technology. Additional information concerning current technology
database activities will be provided upon request.

**[System Design and Engineering Analysis Tools]{.underline}**. This
Element Program also addresses simulation modeling environment, system
models, discipline-oriented analysis tools, parametric-based risk
analysis tools, probabilistic risk analysis (PRA) models, etc. In order
to maximize the credibility of the systems analysis efforts within ASCT
particular early emphasis related to this area will be placed on
architecture and technology analysis tools, requirements verification
and validation techniques, cost and risk analysis tools. This effort
will be closely coordinated within the larger, Code T Office of
Exploration Systems Chief Information Officer (CIO) efforts, in
establishing the enterprise's information architecture, standards, and
processes.  Additionally another near term priority is to help support
the implementation in the agency's planned simulation based acquisition
process in establishing the integrated modeling and simulation
capability in support of program acquisition and analysis.

Specific guidance concerning scope, duration of projects, etc., is
provided in Section VIII.5 of this Announcement.

**1.2. Advanced Materials and Structural Concepts (AMSC)**

OExS Element Program Lead: Christopher Moore, Ph.D. at
<christopher.moore@nasa.gov>

This Element Program develops high-performance materials for vehicle
structures, propulsion systems, and spacesuits; structural concepts for
modular assembly of space infrastructure and large apertures;
lightweight deployable and inflatable structures for large space systems
and crew habitats; and highly integrated structural systems and advanced
thermal management technologies for reducing launch mass and volume.
Proposals are sought in the technical themes listed below. A proposal
may address one or more of these themes.

a.  Advanced Materials

b.  Structural Concepts, Dynamics and Controls

c.  Mechanisms and Interconnects

d.  Flexible Fiber Systems

e.  Smart' Materials and Structures

f.  Space Environments and Effects

The following challenges, representative systems and needed
technologies, are of particular importance.

### Advanced Materials. This area includes high performance structural and thermal materials, space-durable materials, radiation protection materials, nano-structured materials, and computational design of materials properties. Two topics of particular interest include: (1) High Strength-to-Mass Materials. Reducing structural mass will have substantial impact in reducing the launch costs for exploration systems. High specific strength materials are needed for use in the primary structures of launch vehicles, crew and cargo transport vehicles, cryotanks, and habitats. Materials of particular interest include advanced ceramic matrix composites, and nano-structured materials such as carbon nanotube-reinforced composites and nano-platelets. Materials development should focus on products for specific applications; and, (2) Spacesuit Materials. The next generation of spacesuits will need advanced fabric materials to reduce mass, to increase mobility, and to increase damage tolerance. Materials of particular interest include aerogel thermal insulation, fabrics that provide radiation shielding and protection from punctures, fabrics that prevent the accumulation of lunar and Mars dust, and electronic textiles with integral sensing to monitor astronaut and system health. Also of interest are concepts and materials for mechanical counter-pressure spacesuits.

**[Structural Concepts, Dynamics and Controls.]{.underline}** This area
includes research and development of concepts for rigid, deployable,
inflatable and erectable structures. It also involves the application of
advanced controls-structures interaction (CSI) techniques for measuring
and controlling structural dynamics and geometry. A topic of particular
interest is: [Inflatable Structures and Habitats;]{.underline}
Minimizing launch volume will also have substantial impact in reducing
the costs for exploration systems. Large inflatable structures can be
folded into compact packages for launch. Inflatable structures are
usually rigidized after deployment so that internal pressure is not
required to maintain structural stiffness and shape. Inflatable
structures are needed for space solar power systems, large apertures,
and habitats. Concepts are sought for inflatable rigidizable truss
elements to enable the in-space assembly of large platforms, and
inflatable habitats with integral radiation shielding, impact shielding,
thermal management, and health monitoring systems.

**[Space Environments and Effects]{.underline}**. This area will address
methods for predicting and mitigating the effects of space environments
(e.g., vacuum, extreme temperatures, atomic oxygen, ultraviolet
radiation, charged and neutral particle radiation, meteoroids and
orbital debris, dust and contaminants) on materials, electronics, and
other spacecraft systems. A wide range of topics related to space
environmental effects (SEE) must be pursued during the coming years. For
example, exploration systems operating in the inner solar system will
need integrated space environment models (radiation, meteoroids,
charging, etc). Similarly, exploration systems operating on the moon and
Mars will need models of surface environments. In addition, exploration
systems operating on the moon and Mars will need technologies for
mitigating dust and electrostatic charge accumulation.

Other topics of interest include:

**[Mechanisms and Interconnects]{.underline}.** Modular assembly of
large space systems and surface systems will need technologies for
in-space welding, bonding, joining, and repair of structural components.
Such operations could also benefit significantly intelligent and
reconfigurable structural, electrical, and fluid interfaces. A related
requirement will exist for a range of future robotic systems which must
operate in extreme environments; these systems will require advances in
mechanisms, mating devices, interconnects and actuators (including
non-pyrotechnic devices) to improve significantly their capabilities and
reliability.

**[Flexible Fiber Systems]{.underline}**. This could involve flexible
material systems incorporating fibers, fabrics, films, and coatings for
diverse exploration system applications, including extravehicular
activity (EVA) systems, surface robotics, membrane structures, and other
areas.

[**'Smart' Materials and Structures**.]{.underline} This could involve
'smart' materials; highly integrated material systems that incorporate
embedded electronics, sensors, and actuators; and multifunctional and
adaptive structures that can be reconfigured in response to changing
mission conditions.

**[Structural Concepts and Materials for Lightweight
"Cryotanks".]{.underline}** Launch vehicles, crew and cargo transport
vehicles, in-space propellant depots, and in-situ resource utilization
systems will need lightweight "cryotanks". Technologies of interest
include structural concepts and materials for composite cryotanks,
advanced thermal insulation, and materials that resist the
micro-cracking and oxidization caused by prolonged exposure to cryogenic
fluids.

#  

**[Structural Concepts for Artificial Gravity Systems.]{.underline}** To
minimize the degradation of human performance on long-duration missions,
crew transport vehicles will need artificial gravity systems. Artificial
gravity systems use rotation to generate up to 1-g of centrifugal
acceleration. Structural concepts are sought for artificial gravity
systems, including long deployable trusses and tethers that can react
the rotational loads. System concepts should include methods to control
rotation rate and structural dynamics.

**[Self-Healing Materials]{.underline}**. Habitats, spacesuits, and crew
vehicles will need self-healing seals, wire insulation, and structural
materials. Materials development should focus on products for specific
applications.

## [High Temperature Materials]{.underline}. Aerocapture and atmospheric entry systems will need advanced ablative and reusable thermal protection system (TPS) materials. Crew entry vehicles will need concepts for in-space repair of TPS. Power and propulsion systems will need high temperature materials, and materials with high thermal conductivity. Materials development should focus on products for specific applications.

Specific guidance concerning scope, duration of projects, etc., is
provided in Section VIII.5 of this Announcement.

**1.3. Communications, Computing, Electronics and Imaging (CCEI)**

OExS Element Program Lead: Barbara Wilson, Ph.D. at
<bawilson@mail.jpl.nasa.gov>

This Element Program develops advanced space communications and
networking technology to support interplanetary links, in-space and
surface operations, intra-vehicle networks, and deep-space navigation;
high-performance, fault-tolerant computers and computing architectures
for space systems; high-end computing architectures for ground-based,
high-fidelity modeling and simulation; modular, low-power electronics
for sensors, actuators and communications to enable robotic operations
in extreme environments; and sensors for machine vision and the
characterization of planetary resources. The emphasis is on new devices,
components and architectures for use in future space systems. Proposals
are sought in the technical themes listed below. A proposal may address
one or more of theses themes.

a.  Space Communications and Networking

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g.  In-Space Computing and Avionics

h.  Ground-Based High-End Computing

i.  Extreme Environment Electronics

j.  Sensing and Imaging

The following challenges are of particular importance.

# Space Backbone Networks and Space Wide Area Networks. Reliable and secure space communications, networking technologies, and emerging spectrum allocations in the microwave and optical regimes must be developed for Lunar/Mars human and robotic mission applications. The bi-directional high capacity space backbone will extend from Earth and or Earth orbit to planetary surfaces and orbits. Technologies are needed that enable high rate communications from planetary assets to orbiters and inter-communications between orbiters, crew exploration vehicles, crew members during extravehicular activity (EVA), and relays. The goal is to achieve sustainable, scalable, fully accessible and fully reliable and secure communications and networking infrastructure within the solar system for multiple robotic and human assets wherever they are deployed. In addition, the infrastructure will support navigation and multiple communications applications requiring multiplexed two-way links of varying data rates that incorporate intelligence, and that request service when necessary between deployed multiple surface mission entities and space-based assets. Technologies of interest include:

a.  High power, high efficiency microwave and optical transmitter
    technologies and components

b.  Ultra sensitive microwave and optical receiver/receive arrays

c.  Technologies to increase data rates by orders of magnitude with
    reduced overall cost

d.  Network and protocol innovations to address high-delay links

e.  Reconfigurable, modular high-rate microwave radios/arrays

f.  Network hardware (routers, circuit switches and interface cards),

g.  IP compatible network protocols

h.  Software radio based technologies for flexible, energy efficient,
    multi access applications.

i.  Media access control standard similar to Carrier Sense Multiple
    Access/Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) for autonomous link set-up

## [Surface Wireless Local Area Networks and Vehicle Local Area Networks]{.underline}. Dynamic-bandwidth communications and integrated navigation solutions for challenging human and robotic missions and operations on planetary surfaces based on both commercially available wireless technologies and where needed, custom developed components are required. The goals are to support navigation and multiple communications applications requiring multiplexed two-way secure links of varying data rate (voice, video, health, control data) for deployed surface mission entities including but not limited to robots, rovers, landers, habitats and personnel. Technologies of potential interest include:

a.  Modular, portable, high-capacity, energy-efficient, miniature
    integrated components for physical, data and network link layer
    applications

b.  Power-saving, ad-hoc, and link protocol technologies which are
    reliable in the space environment

c.  Modular, self powered, autonomous, fixed or mobile microwave network
    access points that can be dispersed about areas interest to provide
    network services to humans and robots in that area

d.  Media access control standard similar to CSMA/CA for autonomous link
    set-up

e.  Gigabit-class wired and optical network compatible interfaces for
    instruments, subsystems and computer/controllers aboard vehicles in
    space or on planetary surfaces.

f.  Wireless network compatible transceiver interfaces for instruments,
    subsystems and computer/controllers aboard vehicles in space or on
    planetary surfaces

**[Ground-Based Computational Efficiency.]{.underline}** Design,
prototype at sub-scale, and model at full-scale an advanced computing
architecture that achieves a 100X improvement in computational
efficiency (sustained GFlops/\$) over a benchmark execution of a
large-scale, multi-physics OExS application on a conventional
supercomputer. The scope of this work includes novel computing hardware
architecture design, lightweight runtime kernels to logically integrate
the envisioned wide array of highly replicated functional elements,
optimal exploitation of the advanced hardware architecture to improve
application sustained performance, accurate assessment of the system
architecture for key ExE applications, and reliable predictions of
application performance on large-scale instances of such architectures.
Technologies of interest include supercomputing based on:

> **a.** Processor-in-memory (PIM)

b.  Streaming

c.  Field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs)

d.  Graphics processing units (GPUs)

e.  Other highly-parallel, high memory-bandwidth emerging architectures

**[Extreme Environment Electronics.]{.underline}** The extreme thermal
environments of the Moon and Mars preclude the use of most terrestrial
sensors and actuators, and their control electronics and packaging.
Development of modular, expandable human and robotic systems for the
exploration of the Moon and Mars requires electronic components and
integrated modules that can function without thermal control in these
environments. Efforts will emphasize supporting electronics for sensors
and imagers, motors and actuators, and modular short-range radios, that
can operate at ultra low temperatures (-230^o^C ambient) and/or over
wide operating temperatures (-180 to +120^o^C ambient). Specific
technologies of interest include:

> **a.** Ultra-low power, radiation-tolerant and SEU-immune, integrated
> digital, analog and mixed signal electronics for sensors and actuators
> that can operate reliably in ultra-low-temperature environments for
> days to months and/or in wide-temperature-range environments for
> months to years
>
> **b.** Ultra-low operating temperature and/or wide operating
> temperature, high efficiency, ultra-low power RF components for UHF
> communications systems
>
> **c.** High-density electronic packaging with integrated passive
> components tolerant to ultra-low and/or wide operating temperatures
>
> **d.** Modeling and CAD tools able to accurately predict and simulate
> the electrical performance, reliability, and radiation tolerance of
> new devices and circuits, and COTS elements, at temperatures ranging
> from --230^o^C to +120^o^C

Other areas of interest include:

**[Modular Fault-Tolerant Spacecraft Computing and Avionics
Architecture]{.underline}.** Future spacecraft systems will require a
new modular approach to integrating the sensor and actuator control,
telecommunications, command and data handling, and on-board processing
into a scalable architecture that can be adapted for small autonomous
robotic surface vehicles as well as large autonomous and human piloted
transport vehicles. The architecture should minimize the wiring needed
to connect sensors to processing to telecom, support real-time control
and complex autonomy processing, and be fault tolerant and \"self
healing\" to some number of single point failures. Components that
comprise this architecture should have intelligent and robust interfaces
that enable them to \"plug and play\" with other components in the
system. Technologies of interest include:

**a.** Plug and play interfaces suitable for spacecraft systems

> **b.** Fault-tolerant distributed operating system layers for
> heterogeneous network processing and sensing components, with
> guaranteed quality of service for real-time critical tasks
>
> **c.** Innovative approaches to reducing wiring complexity (both power
> and data) while maintaining high-bandwidth and low-latency data
> transfer among components

**[Radiation and Fault-Tolerant Processing Components]{.underline}**.
Develop new radiation-tolerant and fault-tolerant components for
reliable in-space processing with performance comparable to ground-based
commercial processors. Processing components should be complete modular
elements that communicate with other parts of the spacecraft via a
high-speed bus or network, and are self-configuring. All components must
have a design lifetime radiation TID of at least 100 Krads. Areas
anticipated for development include:

> **a.** Reconfigurable processor components with power efficiency
> comparable to commercial devices

b.  Network-enabled general purpose computing components with power
    performance and throughput comparable to commercial embedded systems

c.  Volatile and non-volatile memories and mass storage

d.  Network and I/O technologies including switches, phase-lock loops
    and serializers/deserializers to support bandwidths beyond 10 GB/s

e.  Microcontroller components for interfacing with and controlling
    sensors and actuators

**[In-Space Inspection Sensor Suite]{.underline}.** The capability to
perform a wide variety of local inspection operations will be important
to the long-term, robust operation of diverse systems in deep space and
planetary venues. To enable this capability, an integrated suite of
imaging sensors for in-space system inspection are needed, involving
diverse novel technological approaches including sensing technologies
for: Morphology and shape of the system under study, with sufficient
resolution to compare to nominal models of the systems for detection of
faults; Temperature profile across the surface, and any thermal
indications of the condition below the surface of the structure;
Spectroscopic identification of the material being imaged, and in
particular note the presence of anomalous substances (e.g. cooling
fluid, lubricants, etc.); Penetrating imaging to determine the condition
of subsurface material conditions, interfaces, laminations, and seals
(e.g. check for delaminations of ceramic heat shields from underlying
structures); and capabilities to interact with simple markers embedded
or applied to structural elements to gather information that requires
material interaction (e.g. a colormetric material that changes color
according to strain, interrogated by the imaging system).

**[Laser Sources and Active Sensors]{.underline}.** Exploration systems
will need capabilities to map planetary terrain, to avoid surface
hazards, to profile planetary atmosphere for controlled aeroentry
systems, and to perform ranging, 3D imaging and motion sensing for
automated rendezvous and docking and for robot-assisted assembly and
surface operations. These capabilities can be provided by improving the
efficiency, tunability, and reliability of lasers, and by developing
radiation-tolerant imaging lidar systems that operate across a wide
range of temperatures. Related advances will also benefit high-bandwidth
optical communication links.** ** Technologies of interest include:

a.  High-efficiency, high-reliability high-power solid state lasers and
    diode laser arrays

b.  Tunable lasers at wavelengths in the visible and IR

c.  Sensitive detector arrays with pixel-level ranging

d.  3D imaging lidar systems

e.  Optical converters

f.  High-efficiency optical receiver, scanner and detector systems

**1.4 Software, Intelligent Systems, and Modeling (SISM)**

Element Program Lead: Butler Hine, Ph.D. (OExS) (at
Butler.P.Hine@nasa.gov).

This Element Program develops reliable software and revolutionary
computing algorithms; intelligent systems to enable human-robotic
collaboration; intelligent and autonomous systems for robotic
exploration and to support human exploration; and advanced modeling and
simulation methods for engineering design and data analysis. This
Element will also be the focal point for H&RT utilization of NASA or
other national supercomputing assets. Proposals are sought in the
technical themes listed below. A proposal may address one or more of
these themes.

> **a.** Autonomy and Intelligence

a.  Human-Automation Interaction

b.  Multi-Agent Teaming

c.  Software Engineering for Reliability

d.  Health Management Technologies

e.  Modeling, Simulation, and Visualization

The following challenges are of particular importance.

**[Autonomy and Intelligence]{.underline}**. SISM seeks projects which
will demonstrate an autonomous control system capable of operating
either: (i) a planetary surface vehicle performing scouting or
construction activities, (ii) a complex life support or ISRU plant, or
(iii) a robotic astronaut assistant working in close proximity with a
suited or unsuited astronaut.

**[Multi-Agent Teaming]{.underline}**. SISM seeks projects which will
demonstrate the applicability of multi-agent technologies to problems
such as: (i) crew resource self-scheduling systems, (ii) distributed
decision-support systems for advanced life support or vehicle
emergencies, (iii) multi-robotic teams constructing planetary or orbital
facilities, or (iv) related science activity-focused multi-agent
applications.

**[Software Engineering]{.underline}**. SISM seeks projects which will
demonstrate the applicability of advanced software engineering
technologies to problems such as: (i) increased software reliability for
critical flight control software, (ii) modular and reusable flight
software, or (iii) software verification and validation techniques for
autonomous systems.

**[Health Management Technologies]{.underline}**. SISM seeks projects,
which will demonstrate the applicability of health management
technologies (fault detection, diagnosis, prognostics, information
fusion, degradation management, etc.) to problems such as: (i) crew
emergency response advisory systems, (ii) on-demand vehicle maintenance
scheduling, or (iii) automated spacecraft health self-assessment.

**[Modeling, Simulation, and Visualization]{.underline}**. SISM seeks
low TRL projects which will demonstrate advanced capabilities in the
areas of modeling, simulation, and visualization applicable to problems
such as: (i) end-to-end mission simulation in moderate fidelity, (ii)
highly dynamic mission phases in high-fidelity, or (iii) automated model
generation and updating design life-cycle tool frameworks. These
projects will comply with Exploration Systems Simulation Based
Acquisition activities and be handed off to ASCT once the maturity of
the technology is increased to mid TRL level.

Others areas of interest include:

**[Crew-Autonomy Interface Technologies]{.underline}**. SISM seeks
projects which will demonstrate the applicability of rich multi-modal
human interface systems (visual, haptic, speech, etc.) to problems such
as: (i) human-robotic on-orbit assembly of structures, (ii) distributed
anomaly response systems for advanced life support or vehicle
emergencies, or (iii) robotic planetary surface exploration assistants
for EVA astronauts.

Specific guidance concerning scope, duration of projects, etc., is
provided in Section VIII.5 of this Announcement.

**1.5 Power, Propulsion, and Chemical Systems (PPCS)**

Element Program Lead: Christopher Moore, Ph.D. (OExS) at
<christopher.moore@nasa.gov>

The Element Program develops high-efficiency power generation, energy
storage, and power management and distribution systems to provide
abundant power for space and surface operations; advanced chemical, and
electrical space propulsion systems for exploration missions; chemical
systems for the storage and handling of cryogens and other propellants;
chemical systems for identifying, processing, and utilizing planetary
resources; and chemical detectors and sensors. Proposals are sought
consistent with the technical themes listed below. A proposal may
address one or more of these themes.

a.  Energy Conversion

b.  Power Management and Distribution

c.  Energy Storage

d.  Thermal Management

e.  Thermal-. Electrical and Chemistry-based Processing of Materials

f.  Advanced Chemical Propulsion

g.  Advanced Electric/Electromagnetic Propulsion

h.  Novel Propulsion Concepts

i.  Novel Power and Transmission Technologies

The following challenges, including representative systems and needed
technologies, are of particular importance:

**[High Specific Power Solar Arrays]{.underline}.** Solar electric
propulsion systems, space solar power systems, and surface systems will
need high specific power solar arrays. Concepts are sought for solar
arrays that significantly exceed the state-of-the-art, which is about
100 W/kg. Technologies of particular interest include thin-film solar
arrays, solar concentrator arrays, high voltage (\> 300 V) solar arrays,
and concepts for modular solar arrays that can be assembled into larger
systems to enable growth in power generation capabilities.

**[Power Management and Distribution.]{.underline}** Large solar and
nuclear power generation systems will need modular, intelligent power
management and distribution systems that can be reconfigured to
accommodate faults and changing loads. Technologies of interest include
high voltage PMAD systems, and high temperature power electronics.

**[Batteries and Fuel Cells]{.underline}**

Crew transport vehicles, rovers, and spacesuits will need high energy
density power sources such as advanced batteries and fuel cells. 
Technologies of interest include lithium ion batteries with high cycle
life, and capable of operating at low temperature; polymer electrolyte
batteries; and prototype primary and regenerative fuel cell systems.
Particular importance is placed on fuel cell systems that can use
reactants produced from in-situ resources

## [Chemical Systems]{.underline}. In Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) systems will need automated systems to collect lunar regolith for use in the production of consumables. Surface power systems and vehicle refueling stations will need new processes to produce oxygen and hydrogen from lunar regolith, and new processes to produce propellants and other consumables from the Mars atmosphere. Concepts are sought for innovative ISRU systems that minimize mass, power, and volume.

##  

**[Advanced Chemical Propulsion]{.underline}.** Advances in chemical
propulsion technology are needed for exploration vehicles that transport
crew and large payloads. Technologies of particular interest include
variable thrust rocket engines for landers and ascent vehicles that can
use in-situ produced propellants, engine components that will
significantly improve lifetime and reliability, densified fuels, high
specific impulse storable propellants, and advanced engine concepts.
Also, advanced chemical propulsion systems utilizing non-toxic
propellants enable safe and environmentally clean operations and need to
provide comparable or better specific impulse measures than exist today.

**[High Power Electric Propulsion]{.underline}.** Large solar electric
propulsion systems are needed to efficiently pre-position cargo for
lunar and Mars missions, with total power output greater than 500 kW.
These cargo transport vehicles will require high thrust electric
propulsion systems for escaping from the Earth's gravity, and for
maneuvering in near-Earth space. Concepts are sought for high thrust
electric propulsion. Other technologies of interest include advanced
concepts for very high power electric thrusters (\> 1 MW), and
analytical tools for predicting thruster performance and lifetime.

Other areas of interest include:

## 

**[Other Power Technologies]{.underline}.** Power systems with the
capability for growth will need modular approaches that can be assembled
into larger systems and reconfigured to accommodate faults and changing
loads. Spacesuits and mobile systems will need high energy density power
sources such as advanced batteries and spacesuit-specific fuel cells.

**[Thermal Management]{.underline}.** Lunar surface systems operating at
mid-day will need heat pumps capable of rejecting heat to hot
environments (300K) with 50 ^o^C temperature differential. Large space
power and propulsion systems will need advanced spacecraft radiators
with heat rejection capability greater than 1000 W/kg. Spacesuits,
habitats, and mobile systems will need multi-zone, reconfigurable
thermal control systems. Propellant depots and transport vehicles will
need thermal management systems for ultra-low boil-off cryotanks.

##  

**[Other Propulsion Technologies]{.underline}**. Various exploration
systems may require unique propulsion concepts. For example, small,
"micro-spacecraft" scouts and inspectors will need micro-chemical
propulsion systems with thrust-to-weight greater than 1000.

**[Novel Power and Propulsion Concepts]{.underline}.** Space utilities
that supply power to multiple users will need wireless power
transmission systems. Exploration missions beyond the Earth's
neighborhood may require the staging of systems at the Earth-Moon L1
Lagrange point. Advanced concepts such as electromagnetic accelerators
are needed to efficiently transport materials and propellants from the
lunar surface to L1. Early research and technology related to propulsion
for more affordable future medium to heavy lift launch vehicles is
needed (which could involve either on-vehicle propulsion or novel
concepts such as electromagnetic launch assist systems to improve
operational margins, reduce propellant requirements, and/or increase
payload to orbit). Also, reducing the trip time for human exploration
missions beyond Mars will need revolutionary propulsion system concepts.

Specific guidance concerning scope, duration of projects, etc., is
provided below in Section VIII.5 of this Announcement.

2.  **[Technology Maturation Program]{.underline}**

Program Director (acting), John C. Mankins at <john.c.mankins@nasa.gov>

TMP projects established through this BAA will develop and demonstrate
new technologies and concepts at the systems level with the intention of
validating (or invalidating) them for transition to future systems
development projects within Project Constellation or other (in the case
of technologies of broad, cross-cutting value) NASA development
programs.

During the initial H&RT \'cycle of innovation\' (i.e. during FY
2005-2008), TMP projects should focus on establishing the viability (or
non-viability) by 2011 of new, space-based system-of-systems level
approaches to Earth-Moon operations to support decisions regarding how
to return humans to the Moon by 2020. Technologies that address
longer-term challenges, including advanced lunar surface operations and
inner Solar System (e.g. Mars) exploration missions are also of
interest, but may be expected to be of lower overall emphasis in the
resulting investment portfolio. TMP projects that establish a foundation
of test beds and test articles that enable the later infusion and
validation of various technologies at lower stages of technology
validation (e.g. lower TRL products from ASTP) will also be emphasized.

In addition to the projects created through this BAA an additional call
for TMP projects is planned for Winter 2004/2005, following completion
of various studies and requirements development efforts, to be performed
by NASA (e.g. Office of Exploration Systems, Requirements Division) and
external organizations.

For this BAA, the following are the specific guidelines for project
proposals within each of the TMP Element Programs.

**2.1 High Energy Space Systems (HESS) Technology**

Element Program Lead: Nantel Suzuki (OExS); at
<nantel.h.suzuki@nasa.gov>.

This Element Program examines a range of key technology options
associated with future space exploration systems and architectures that
are 'energy rich'---including high power space systems, highly efficient
and reliable space propulsion systems, and the storage, management and
transfer of energy/propellants in space. It may also address (as
appropriate) high-energy maneuvering; including aero-entry,
aero-braking, and other aero-assist related R&D. Key objectives will
derive from the goals of safe/reliable, affordable and effective future
human and robotic space exploration in support of the U.S. Vision for
Space Exploration. Proposals are sought in the technical themes listed
below. A proposal may address one or more of these themes.[^3]

a.  High-Efficiency, Low-Mass Solar Power Generation Systems

b.  Highly-Reliable/Autonomous Deep-Space Cryogenic Propellant Refueling
    Systems

c.  High- Efficiency/Power and Low-Mass Electromagnetic (EM) Propulsion
    Systems

d.  Deep-Throttling Multi-Use In-Space Cryogenic Engines

e.  Large, low-mass aero assist systems

f.  Novel, high-energy space systems demonstrations

HESS projects established through this BAA should abide by the general
TMP guidance provided above, and should focus on modular, high-energy
concepts for use in long-lived in-space infrastructures, transportation
systems, and surface systems. One of the central strategic technical
challenges for HESS is to validate (or invalidate) by 2011 the
system-of-systems level concept of reusability could (or should) be used
as it applies to a variety of high-energy systems. The challenge is to
determine to what extent vehicles and systems could be reused during
multiple phases of a single mission, and/or over multiple missions
instead of 'throwing away' crew transportation, service modules,
propulsion stages, and/or excursion systems after only a single use
and/or mission. Furthermore, projects should lead to the development and
demonstration (up to TRL 6) of novel approaches that enable \'energy
rich\' solutions to future space exploration challenges.

HESS projects should address one or more of the following strategic
technical challenges (as defined in the H&RT Formulation Plan): (1)
Reusability, (2) Energy-Rich Systems and Missions, (3) Modularity, (4)
Reconfigurability, (5) Margins and Redundancy, (6) ASARA (as safe as
reasonably achievable), and (7) Affordable Logistics Pre-Positioning.

In particular, project proposals to the HESS element program are
requested in the following areas (arranged by technical theme and
approximately order of interest).

**[Deep-Throttling Multi-Use In-Space Cryogenic Engines]{.underline}**.
Multi-use space transportation systems will be enabled only if
high-energy, cryogenic propulsion can be developed (including
LOx-hydrocarbon options as well as LOx-LH2). This area addresses small
to medium scale, deep-throttling cryogenic engines capable of many
restarts and space basing, with exceptionally high reliability.

**[High-Efficiency/Power and Low-Mass Electromagnetic (EM) Propulsion
Systems]{.underline}**. This area includes demonstration of
electromagnetic propulsion systems with output power greater than 500
kW, integrated with associated power and thermal management systems. To
support such a demonstration, this may also include development of
associated ground test capability that accommodates the use of various
propellants, lifetime testing, the examination of issues (e.g.
stability) associated with multiple interacting thrusters, and
end-to-end validation of integrated power/propulsion/thermal system
stability.

Other topics of interest include:

**[Affordable, High-Energy, High-Efficiency, Low-Mass Solar Powered
Systems]{.underline}**. The affordable deployment of systems and
logistics beyond low Earth orbit will depend on high-power space
transportation. In addition, a broad range of future systems and
technologies will be constrained or enabled by the availability (or
lack) of significant power at an affordable cost. This area includes
development of novel, high-power space systems; solar power generation
and power management and distribution (PMAD); and related thermal
management systems that enable new classes of space systems with power
levels in the 100s of kWe or greater. Of particular importance are
low-mass power systems, including power generation subsystems (including
"array" but not spacecraft PMAD, etc.) with a specific power of no less
than 200 W / kg (cf. approximately 30 W / kg for the International Space
Station solar power arrays), or conversely, specific mass no greater
than 5 kg / kW.

**[Highly-Reliable/Autonomous Deep-Space Cryogenic Propellant Storage
and Refueling Systems]{.underline}**. Long-term, low-loss storage of
cryogenic propellants is key to many exploration mission approaches. In
addition, the capability to pre-deploy propellants and other logistics
will determine the feasibility of future reusable space exploration
approaches. Technologies of interest include those for the long-term
in-space or planetary storage (e.g. zero boil-off), low-loss transfer,
and effective management of cryogenic and other fuels, and automated
mating of umbilicals.

**[Large, Low-Mass Aero assist Systems]{.underline}**. This area
includes integrated low-mass, rigid aero assist systems based on robust,
high-temperature structures and adhesives, applicable to Moon/Mars Earth
return and Mars deceleration scenarios. In addition, the areas of
modular or deployable/inflatable aero shells that enable scalable and
reliable in-space assembly or deployment of large-diameter aero assist
systems.

**[Novel High-Energy Space Systems Demonstrations]{.underline}**. This
may include a range of novel concepts, including innovative high mach
number entry systems, efficient end-to-end laser and/or microwave
wireless power transmission systems, including power management and
distribution, transmitters, and receivers, or other topics.

Proposals concerning any of the above areas may involve the definition
in preparation for later development of technology flight experiments,
where such TFEs can be shown to be necessary to accomplish the technical
goals and/or objectives of the proposed project. Specific guidance

concerning scope, duration of projects, etc., is provided in Section
VIII.5 of this Announcement.

**2.2 Advanced Space Platforms and Systems (ASPS) Technology**

Element Program Lead: Robert Wegeng (OExS) at <robert.wegeng-1@nasa.gov>

The Advanced Space Platforms and Systems (ASPS) Element Program examines
a range of key technology options associated with future space
exploration systems and architectures that are resilient, reliable and
reconfigurable through the use of miniaturization, modularization of key
functions in novel systems approaches. Platforms technologies that
support self-assembly and in-space assembly, as well as in-space
maintenance and servicing will be included. These efforts are
coordinated with in-space assembly and related R&D within the Space
Operations Technology Program (e.g., involving extra-vehicular activity
(EVA) systems, robotics, etc.). Proposals are sought in the technical
themes listed below. A proposal may address one or more of these themes.

a.  Intelligent Modular Systems

b.  Robust & Reconfigurable Habitation Systems

c.  Integrated System Health Management

d.  Communications Networks and Systems.

e.  Novel Platform Systems Concept Demonstrations

ASPS projects should lead to the development and demonstration of novel
technologies that enable future space exploration systems and
architectures that are resilient, reliable and reconfigurable through
the use of miniaturization and modularization of key functions in novel
systems approaches. ASPS projects should address one of more of the
following strategic technical challenges: (1) Modularity, (2) Autonomy,
(3) "ASARA", (4) Reconfigurability, (5) Reusability, and (6) In-Space
Assembly (with the greatest focus on self-assembly).

One of the central challenges for ASPS is to validate (or invalidate) by
2011 the systems-of-systems level concept of autonomous, self-assembly
of modular systems/structures, which may only be realized through flight
experiments/demonstrations.

The following challenges are of particular importance.

**[Intelligent Modular Systems]{.underline}.** Technologies of interest
include: autonomous rendezvous and docking technologies; reconfigurable,
multi-functional robotic hardware and software; and, integrated,
reconfigurable structural modules incorporating multiple elements such
as solar collection arrays, radiators, power, data, utility lines,
science instruments, etc.

**[Robust and Reconfigurable Habitation Systems]{.underline}.**
Including multi-mission habitat structures based on common core
structural habitat modules incorporating, for example, advanced
composites or metallics, as well as flexible fabrics; multifunctional
habitat structural materials, for example, including embedded sensors,
power, radiation shielding, etc.; airlock systems that incorporate novel
methods of dust control for lunar and/or Martian environments; and,
reconfigurable, reusable habitat life support technologies, including
regeneration of oxygen.

# 

**[Integrated System Health Management (ISHM)]{.underline}**.
Technologies and integrated systems approaches of interest will include
Integrated systems including sensors, software and computing to enable
monitoring and management of diverse subsystems/systems.

**[Communications and Navigation Systems]{.underline}**. Topics of
interest will include open, non-proprietary secure communications
architectures based on the internet, incorporating standard network IP
protocols; and, Integrated high-rate communications, navigation and
avionics technology, that can support accurate "dead-reckoning" between
navigation fixes from single satellite contacts and celestial
observations, based on local area network architectures.

Developments should focus on establishing the validity of new,
space-based approaches to Earth-Moon operations, with a view toward
longer-term applications for inner Solar System (e.g., the Mars)
exploration missions. Technologies that address longer-term challenges
are also of interest, but may be expected to be of lower overall
emphasis in the resulting investment portfolio.

Proposals concerning any of the above areas may involve the definition
in preparation for later development of technology flight experiments,
where such TFEs can be shown to be necessary to accomplish the technical
goals and/or objectives of the proposed project. Specific guidance
concerning scope, duration of projects, etc., is provided in Section
VIII.5 of this Announcement.

**2.3 Advanced Space Operations (ASO)Technology**

H&RT Element Program Lead: Nantel Suzuki at <nantel.h.suzuki@nasa.gov>

This Program Element examines a range of key technology options
associated with future space exploration systems and architectures that
are involve a variety of combinations of advanced robotic and human
capabilities, ranging from remotely telesupervised robotic systems,
through locally-teleoperated systems, to focused human presence (with
robotic agent assistance). Technologies that enable in-space assembly,
maintenance and servicing will be included. Key objectives will derive
from the goals of safe/reliable, affordable and effective future human
and robotic space exploration in support of the U.S. Vision for Space
Exploration. These efforts will be closely coordinated with spacecraft
subsystem, system, and related R&D within the Space Platforms and
Systems Technology Program. Proposals are sought in the technical themes
listed below. A proposal may address one or more of these themes.

a.  Space Assembly, Maintenance and Servicing Systems

b.  Extravehicular Activity (EVA) Systems

c.  Intelligent and Affordable On-Board Operations Systems

d.  Reliable and Responsive Ground Operations Systems

e.  Novel Space Operations Demonstrations

One of the central strategic technical challenges for ASO is to validate
(or invalidate) by 2011 the system-of-systems level concept of in-space
assembly as it applies to a variety of advanced space operations
systems. A key aspect of the challenge is to dock vehicles and systems
together on orbit instead of launching pre-integrated exploration
missions from Earth using very heavy launch vehicles, and enabling
in-space maintenance, servicing, reconfiguration, evolution, etc., for
exceptionally long-duration deep space operations.

ASO projects should address one or more of the following strategic
technical challenges (as defined in the H&RT Formulation Plan): (1)
In-Space Assembly (including 'self-assembling systems, in coordination
with related developments in the Advanced Space Platforms and Systems
Element Program), (2) Autonomy, (3) Reusability, (4) Modularity, (5)
Reconfigurability, (5) Margins and Redundancy, and (6) Data-Rich Virtual
Presence.

In particular, project proposals to the ASO element program are
requested in the following areas (arranged by technical theme). A
proposal may address one or more of these areas.

**[Intelligent and Affordable On-Board Operations
Systems]{.underline}.** Technology areas of interest include reliable
and timely automated space operations nominal/off-nominal procedure
management systems, integrated and adaptable user interfaces, including
intuitive displays, reliable speech interfaces, and consistent design
approaches, and reliable, cost-effective in-flight mission training
systems and environments

**[Reliable and Responsive Ground Operations Systems]{.underline}**.
Topics of potential interest include standardized ground and launch
operations systems to limit life-cycle costs, novel mission operations
systems approaches, and integrated ground test bed environments. . There
are multiple areas that will need to be advanced, including automated
fluid umbilical mating systems, alignment systems, non-pyrotechnic
separation devices/systems, non-destructive techniques for inspection
and verification, command and control, and integrated training and
simulation.

**[Space Assembly, Maintenance and Servicing Systems]{.underline}**.
Areas of interest include fast, efficient, and precise in-space assembly
systems at a large-scale (e.g. cranes), mid-scale (e.g. anthropomorphic
robots), or small-scale (dexterous and/or micro manipulators), reliable
in-space self deploying systems, and self-assembling systems for
applications in Earth-orbit, the Moon, and beyond, including intelligent
and robust docking mechanisms, as well as robust, autonomous rendezvous
and docking technologies and test beds.

Other topics of interest include:

**[Extravehicular Activity (EVA) Systems]{.underline}.** This area will
be pursued in close coordination with related activities within NASA's
Office of Biological and Physical Research (OBPR). ASO will not develop
space suits, gloves, portable life support systems, etc. Within H&RT,
topics of interest could include advanced EVA translation and mobility
aids, and EVA power and hand tools.

Proposals concerning any of the above areas may involve the definition
in preparation for later development of technology flight experiments,
where such TFEs can be shown to be necessary to accomplish the technical
goals and/or objectives of the proposed project. Specific guidance
concerning scope, duration of projects, etc., is provided in Section
VIII.5 of this Announcement.

**2.4 Lunar and Planetary Surface Operations (LPSO) Technology**

Element Program Lead: Robert Wegeng (OExS) <robert.wegeng-1@nasa.gov>.

This Element Program examines a range of key technology options
associated with future lunar and planetary surface exploration and
operations for a range of increasingly-ambitious human and robotic
mission options through the development of *in situ* resource
utilization technologies, highly-capable surface mobility systems, and
various supporting infrastructures. Key objectives are derived from the
goals of safe/reliable, affordable and effective future human and
robotic lunar and planetary surface exploration in support of the U.S.
Vision for Space Exploration. Proposals are sought in the technical
themes listed below. A proposal may address one or more of these themes.

a.  Intelligent & Agile Surface Mobility Systems

b.  *In Situ* Resource Utilization Systems

c.  Surface Manufacturing and Construction Systems

d.  Surface Environmental Management Systems

LPSO projects should lead to the development and demonstration of novel
technologies associated with future lunar and planetary surface
exploration and operations for a range of increasingly-ambitious human
and robotic mission options through the development of in situ
utilization technologies, highly-capable surface mobility systems, and
various supporting infrastructures. LPSO projects should address one of
more of the following strategic technical challenges: (1) Reusability,
(2) Modularity, (3) Autonomy, (4) "ASARA", (5) Reconfigurability, (6)
Robotic Networks, (7) Affordable Logistics Pre-positioning, (8) Space
Resources Utilization, (9) Data-Rich Virtual Presence, and (10) Access
to Surface Targets.

One of the central challenges for LPSO is to validate (or invalidate) by
2011 the systems-of-systems level concept of *in situ* resource
utilization, especially for the production of oxygen and propellants
from lunar resources.

The following challenges are of particular importance.

**[Intelligent & Agile Surface Mobility Systems]{.underline}.** Topics
of interest could include both Piloted

and unpiloted rover technologies. Specific areas of possible interest
include mobility systems, autonomous, teleoperated and piloted guidance
and navigation approaches (and combinations of these), energy storage,
navigation, payload interfaces and crew interfaces.

**[*In Situ* Resource Utilization Systems]{.underline}.** Technology
areas of potential interest include excavation, extraction, collection,
beneficiation technologies for lunar and/or Martian resources. Includes
solids and/or gases; reconfigurable, modular chemical process
technologies for *in situ* oxygen and/or propellant production from
lunar or mars resources; and technologies for *in situ* production of
structural feedstock materials from lunar and/or Martian resources.

**[Surface Manufacturing and Construction Systems]{.underline}**.
Technologies of interest include those for the production of structural
components using either "imported" feedstock or available lunar and/or
Martian resources; autonomous or tele-operated robotic technologies for
surface facility assembly and maintenance; and, technologies for the *in
situ* manufacture of solar photovoltaic systems or other energy systems.

**[Surface Environmental Management Systems]{.underline}**. Technologies
of interest include natural, mechanical, electromechanical and/or
electrical dust removal/mitigation technologies, including
multifunctional systems or dust-control elements that are embedded
within other systems.

Developments should focus on establishing the validity of new,
space-based approaches to Earth-Moon operations, with a view toward
longer-term applications for inner Solar System (e.g., the Mars)
exploration missions. Technologies that address longer-term challenges
are also of interest, but may be expected to be of lower overall
emphasis in the resulting investment portfolio.

Proposals concerning any of the above areas may involve the definition
in preparation for later development of technology flight experiments,
where such TFEs can be shown to be necessary to accomplish the technical
goals and/or objectives of the proposed project. Specific guidance

concerning scope, duration of projects, etc., is provided in Section
VIII.5 of this Announcement.

**2.5 In-Space Technology Experiments Program (In-STEP)**

Element Program Lead: Carlos Campos (OExS) at <carlos.s.campos@nasa.gov>

The In-Space Technology Experiments Element Program (In-STEP) will
pursue both low to mid- TRL flights of novel technologies, where
appropriate, in addition to supporting the development and deployment
(where required) of key infrastructures and carriers for such technology
flight experiments (TFEs). The In-STEP effort will engage not only the
other element programs within the H&RT Technology Maturation Program,
but also possible TFEs emerging from the Advanced Space Technology
Program and a range of other key technology options associated with
future human and robotic space exploration and operations. Key
objectives are derived from the goal of technology validation in support
of safe/reliable, affordable and effective systems and missions in
support of the U.S. Vision for Space Exploration. Proposals are sought
in the technical themes listed below. A proposal may address one or more
of these themes.

a.  Technology Flight Experiment (TFE) Definition

b.  Technology Flight Experiment Accommodations

c.  Technology Flight Experiment Development

d.  Technology Flight Experiment Integration, Launch and Operations

The In-STEP program will enable the timely identification, development
and flight of important experiments (at TRL 5 or lower) in space to
validate novel technology applications, as well as occasional
larger-scale and/or higher fidelity demonstrations incorporating
multiple technologies in new, interdisciplinary systems concepts. In
general, In-STEP will work in close concert with other H&RT programs,
providing flight opportunities for lower TRL technologies emerging from
the ASTP, as well as defining and flying TFEs related to technology
maturation efforts that are cross-cutting in character. Major In-STEP
technical activities invited through this BAA include the following
topics.

**Technology Flight Experiment (TFE) Definition and Development**. This
theme will address the array of technology disciplines incorporated
within the H&RT family of programs ASTP, TMP and ITTP). Technology
flight experiment definition studies should relate clearly to ASTP or to
ITTP---as well as crosscutting TFEs related to developments within the
TMP. (Any proposed activities not clearly derived from one of these
sources should provide detailed information supporting a clear linkage
to priority goals and objectives of H&RT and space exploration
technology needs.)

**Technology Flight Experiment Accommodations, Launch and Operations**.
This technical theme will include assessments of carriers; launch
opportunities, and preliminary planning for in-space accommodation of
TFEs. It will also include activities related to the integration, launch
and operation of future H&RT technology flight experiments. This topic
may include TFEs derived from ASTP, TMP or ITTP. Specific activities
invited under this BAA should relate to preliminary studies to determine
requirements and options for technology flight experiment accommodations
and flight.

Specific guidance concerning scope, duration of projects, etc., is
provided in Section VIII.5 of this Announcement.

##### APPENDIX C

1.  Project Title

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------

2.  Lead Individual and Key Personnel (First person listed must be the
    Project Lead).

+-------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+------------+
| **Name**    | **      | **Field | *          | **      | **Orga     |
|             | Title** | of      | *Telephone | Email** | nization** |
|             |         | Expe    | Number**   |         |            |
|             |         | rtise** |            |         |            |
+-------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+------------+
| 1.          | **      |         |            |         |            |
|             | Project |         |            |         |            |
|             | Lead**  |         |            |         |            |
+-------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+------------+
| 2.          | **Co    |         |            |         |            |
|             | -Lead** |         |            |         |            |
+-------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+------------+
| 3.          | *       |         |            |         |            |
|             | *Open** |         |            |         |            |
+-------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+------------+
|             |         |         |            |         |            |
+-------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+------------+
| **Name of   | *       |         |            |         |            |
| Other       | *NASA** |         |            |         |            |
| Relevant    |         |         |            |         |            |
| NASA        | **      |         |            |         |            |
| Personnel** | Organiz |         |            |         |            |
|             | ation** |         |            |         |            |
+-------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+------------+
| 4.          |         |         |            |         |            |
+-------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+------------+
| 5.          |         |         |            |         |            |
+-------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+------------+
| 6.          |         |         |            |         |            |
+-------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+------------+
| 7.          |         |         |            |         |            |
+-------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+------------+

a.  **Provide work background summaries of key personnel relative to the
    type of project that is being proposed. For Advanced Space
    Technology Program projects, where appropriate, include the titles
    of 1-2 papers that each key member has published or presented at a
    conference. Note: The title and references to the papers does not
    count towards the 75 words per member limit.**

+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| ## Key Personnel Background Summaries (75 words per member)           |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+

3.  Lead Organization

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------

4.  Name of any additional participating NASA and other collaborating
    Institutions, if applicable

+--------------------+----------------+---------------+--------------+
| **NASA Center**    | **Academia**   | **Private     | **Non-Profit |
|                    |                | Industry**    | Or           |
|                    |                |               | ganization** |
+--------------------+----------------+---------------+--------------+
| 1.                 |                |               |              |
+--------------------+----------------+---------------+--------------+
| 2.                 |                |               |              |
+--------------------+----------------+---------------+--------------+
| 3.                 |                |               |              |
+--------------------+----------------+---------------+--------------+
| 4.                 |                |               |              |
+--------------------+----------------+---------------+--------------+

5.  **H&RT Program (i.e., ASTP or TMP). Enter the PROJECT TYPE Table
    data as follows. You will only be allowed to choose "One Type", "One
    Primary" and "One Secondary."**

    a.  Click the project type. Project NOIs/Proposals will be assigned
        to an element program for review.

    b.  Click the primary element boxes where required for Type 3 or 6
        projects

    c.  Identify Primary element program technical theme

    d.  Enter beginning and ending technology readiness levels (1-9)

    e.  For ASTP Type 1-3 projects, click the "Secondary" TMP element
        program that represents a likely technology maturation pathway.

    f.  For TMP Type 4-6 projects, click the "Secondary" ASTP or TMP
        element program that applies

    g.  List the project deliverables and identify the frequency.

        i.  For **Technology Maturation Program** projects: e.g project
            plans, list of data review packages for PDR/CDR, list of
            types of project status schedules, earned value status
            reports, monthly/quarterly reports reviews, etc;

        ii. For **Advanced Space Technology Program** projects: eg.
            Project plans, project schedule type, Technology Product
            Development Milestones and associated progress reports
            (including earned value), milestones relating to technology
            data input for Design activities, etc).

6.  **Brief Summary which will Serve as the Proposal Abstract**

    a.  **Space for 750 words, no graphs, pictures, charts**.

+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| **Enter your summary using the following general breakouts.**         |
|                                                                       |
| 1.  **Description of the proposed technology project including        |
|     specific Goals & Objectives. Emphasis to relevance and potential  |
|     support to H&RT Goals & Objectives**                              |
|                                                                       |
| 2.  **Description of the technology development/maturation approach.  |
|     Include specific technical challenges that you expect to          |
|     encounter, and the beginning and ending Technology Readiness      |
|     Level (TRL) of the project. Highlight partnership approach.**     |
|                                                                       |
| 3.  **Impact of the proposed technology to future exploration         |
|     systems, including specific benefits to exploration and overall   |
|     long-term use (e.g. future systems like Crew Exploration          |
|     Vehicles, lunar rovers, lunar-planetary bases, etc)**             |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+

Each submitter is to "CLICK" the appropriate (one type only) project
category in the following table. "Check "RED" selections for Primary and
Secondary Element Program applications.

+------------+---+---------+---+--------+---------+----------+-----------+
| > PROJECT  |   |         |   |        |         |          |           |
| > TYPE     |   |         |   |        |         |          |           |
+------------+---+---------+---+--------+---------+----------+-----------+
| Advanced   |   |         |   |        | Tec     |          |           |
| Space      |   |         |   |        | hnology |          |           |
| Technology |   |         |   |        | Mat     |          |           |
| Program    |   |         |   |        | uration |          |           |
| (ASTP)     |   |         |   |        | Program |          |           |
|            |   |         |   |        | (TMP)   |          |           |
+------------+---+---------+---+--------+---------+----------+-----------+
| [a) Type   | [ |         | [ |        | [a)     | [a)      | [a)       |
| -1]{.      | a |         | a |        | Type-   | Typ      | T         |
| underline} | ) |         | ) |        | 4]{.und | e-5]{.un | ype-6]{.u |
|            | T |         | T |        | erline} | derline} | nderline} |
| Phase I    | y |         | y |        |         |          |           |
| +II        | p |         | p |        | Phase   | Phase    | Phase I + |
|            | e |         | e |        | I + II  | I + II   | II        |
|            | - |         | - |        |         |          |           |
|            | 2 |         | 3 |        |         |          |           |
|            | ] |         | ] |        |         |          |           |
|            | { |         | { |        |         |          |           |
|            | . |         | . |        |         |          |           |
|            | u |         | u |        |         |          |           |
|            | n |         | n |        |         |          |           |
|            | d |         | d |        |         |          |           |
|            | e |         | e |        |         |          |           |
|            | r |         | r |        |         |          |           |
|            | l |         | l |        |         |          |           |
|            | i |         | i |        |         |          |           |
|            | n |         | n |        |         |          |           |
|            | e |         | e |        |         |          |           |
|            | } |         | } |        |         |          |           |
|            |   |         |   |        |         |          |           |
|            | P |         | P |        |         |          |           |
|            | h |         | h |        |         |          |           |
|            | a |         | a |        |         |          |           |
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|            |   |         |   |        |         |          |           |
|            | + |         | + |        |         |          |           |
|            | I |         | I |        |         |          |           |
|            | I |         | I |        |         |          |           |
+------------+---+---------+---+--------+---------+----------+-----------+
| 12         | 1 |         | 1 |        | 12      | 12       | 12        |
| months +   | 2 |         | 2 |        | m       | Months + | Months+   |
| 36 months  | m |         | m |        | onths + | 36       | 36        |
| with a     | o |         | o |        | 12      | Months   | Months,   |
| total      | n |         | n |        | Months  | with a   | with a    |
| value of   | t |         | t |        | with a  | total    | total     |
| \$4M-\$8M  | h |         | h |        | total   | Value of | value of  |
|            | s |         | s |        | value   | between  | \$        |
|            |   |         |   |        | between | \$1      | 10M-\$40M |
|            | + |         | + |        | \$      | 0M-\$20M |           |
|            | 1 |         | 3 |        | 2M-\$4M |          |           |
|            | 2 |         | 6 |        |         |          |           |
|            | m |         | m |        |         |          |           |
|            | o |         | o |        |         |          |           |
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|            |   |         | - |        |         |          |           |
|            |   |         | \ |        |         |          |           |
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+------------+---+---------+---+--------+---------+----------+-----------+
| [          | [ |         | [ |        | [Primar | [Prim    | [b)       |
| Primary]{. | P |         | b |        | y]{.und | ary]{.un | Pr        |
| underline} | r |         | ) |        | erline} | derline} | imary]{.u |
|            | i |         | P |        |         |          | nderline} |
| ASCT Tools | m |         | r |        | In-STEP | In-STEP  | (Check    |
| and        | a |         | i |        | Deve    | Te       | One)      |
| Databases  | r |         | m |        | lopment | chnology |           |
|            | y |         | a |        | of Key  | Flight   |           |
|            | ] |         | r |        | Infrast | Ex       |           |
|            | { |         | y |        | ructure | periment |           |
|            | . |         | ] |        | &       | De       |           |
|            | u |         | { |        | C       | finition |           |
|            | n |         | . |        | arriers | &        |           |
|            | d |         | u |        |         | Implem   |           |
|            | e |         | n |        |         | entation |           |
|            | r |         | d |        |         |          |           |
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|            | i |         | r |        |         |          |           |
|            | n |         | l |        |         |          |           |
|            | e |         | i |        |         |          |           |
|            | } |         | n |        |         |          |           |
|            |   |         | e |        |         |          |           |
|            | A |         | } |        |         |          |           |
|            | S |         |   |        |         |          |           |
|            | C |         | ( |        |         |          |           |
|            | T |         | C |        |         |          |           |
|            | C |         | h |        |         |          |           |
|            | o |         | e |        |         |          |           |
|            | n |         | c |        |         |          |           |
|            | c |         | k |        |         |          |           |
|            | e |         | O |        |         |          |           |
|            | p |         | n |        |         |          |           |
|            | t |         | e |        |         |          |           |
|            | s |         | ) |        |         |          |           |
|            | a |         |   |        |         |          |           |
|            | n |         |   |        |         |          |           |
|            | d |         |   |        |         |          |           |
|            | S |         |   |        |         |          |           |
|            | t |         |   |        |         |          |           |
|            | u |         |   |        |         |          |           |
|            | d |         |   |        |         |          |           |
|            | i |         |   |        |         |          |           |
|            | e |         |   |        |         |          |           |
|            | s |         |   |        |         |          |           |
+------------+---+---------+---+--------+---------+----------+-----------+
|            |   |         | A |        |         |          | HESS      |
|            |   |         | M |        |         |          |           |
|            |   |         | S |        |         |          |           |
|            |   |         | C |        |         |          |           |
+------------+---+---------+---+--------+---------+----------+-----------+
|            |   |         | C |        |         |          | ASPS      |
|            |   |         | C |        |         |          |           |
|            |   |         | E |        |         |          |           |
|            |   |         | I |        |         |          |           |
+------------+---+---------+---+--------+---------+----------+-----------+
|            |   |         | S |        |         |          | ASOT      |
|            |   |         | I |        |         |          |           |
|            |   |         | S |        |         |          |           |
|            |   |         | M |        |         |          |           |
+------------+---+---------+---+--------+---------+----------+-----------+
|            |   |         | P |        |         |          | LPSO      |
|            |   |         | P |        |         |          |           |
|            |   |         | C |        |         |          |           |
|            |   |         | S |        |         |          |           |
+------------+---+---------+---+--------+---------+----------+-----------+
| [c)        | * |         | * |        | **c)    | **c)     | **c)      |
| Primary    | * |         | * |        | [       | [Primary | [Primary  |
| Theme:]{.  | c |         | c |        | Primary | Theme    | The       |
| underline} | ) |         | ) |        | Theme:] | :]{.unde | me:]{.und |
|            | [ |         | [ |        | {.under | rline}** | erline}** |
|            | P |         | P |        | line}** |          |           |
|            | r |         | r |        |         |          |           |
|            | i |         | i |        |         |          |           |
|            | m |         | m |        |         |          |           |
|            | a |         | a |        |         |          |           |
|            | r |         | r |        |         |          |           |
|            | y |         | y |        |         |          |           |
|            | T |         | T |        |         |          |           |
|            | h |         | h |        |         |          |           |
|            | e |         | e |        |         |          |           |
|            | m |         | m |        |         |          |           |
|            | e |         | e |        |         |          |           |
|            | : |         | : |        |         |          |           |
|            | ] |         | ] |        |         |          |           |
|            | { |         | { |        |         |          |           |
|            | . |         | . |        |         |          |           |
|            | u |         | u |        |         |          |           |
|            | n |         | n |        |         |          |           |
|            | d |         | d |        |         |          |           |
|            | e |         | e |        |         |          |           |
|            | r |         | r |        |         |          |           |
|            | l |         | l |        |         |          |           |
|            | i |         | i |        |         |          |           |
|            | n |         | n |        |         |          |           |
|            | e |         | e |        |         |          |           |
|            | } |         | } |        |         |          |           |
|            | * |         | * |        |         |          |           |
|            | * |         | * |        |         |          |           |
+------------+---+---------+---+--------+---------+----------+-----------+
| d\)        | d |         | d |        | d\)     | d\)      | d\)       |
| Beginning  | \ |         | \ |        | Be      | B        | Beginning |
| TRL:       | ) |         | ) |        | ginning | eginning | TRL:      |
|            | B |         | B |        | TRL:    | TRL:     |           |
|            | e |         | e |        |         |          |           |
|            | g |         | g |        |         |          |           |
|            | i |         | i |        |         |          |           |
|            | n |         | n |        |         |          |           |
|            | n |         | n |        |         |          |           |
|            | i |         | i |        |         |          |           |
|            | n |         | n |        |         |          |           |
|            | g |         | g |        |         |          |           |
|            | T |         | T |        |         |          |           |
|            | R |         | R |        |         |          |           |
|            | L |         | L |        |         |          |           |
|            | : |         | : |        |         |          |           |
+------------+---+---------+---+--------+---------+----------+-----------+
| d\) Ending | d |         | d |        | d\)     | d\)      | d\)       |
| TRL:       | \ |         | \ |        | Ending  | Ending   | Ending    |
|            | ) |         | ) |        | TRL:    | TRL:     | TRL:      |
|            | E |         | E |        |         |          |           |
|            | n |         | n |        |         |          |           |
|            | d |         | d |        |         |          |           |
|            | i |         | i |        |         |          |           |
|            | n |         | n |        |         |          |           |
|            | g |         | g |        |         |          |           |
|            | T |         | T |        |         |          |           |
|            | R |         | R |        |         |          |           |
|            | L |         | L |        |         |          |           |
|            | : |         | : |        |         |          |           |
+------------+---+---------+---+--------+---------+----------+-----------+
| e\)        | * |         | # |        | **f)    | **f)     | **f)      |
| [Se        | * |         |   |        | [S      | [Second  | [Seco     |
| condary]{. | e |         | e |        | econdar | ary]{.un | ndary]{.u |
| underline} | ) |         | ) |        | y]{.und | derline} | nderline} |
|            | [ |         |   |        | erline} | (Check   | (Check    |
| (Check     | S |         | S |        | (Check  | One)**   | One)**    |
| One)       | e |         | e |        | One)**  |          |           |
|            | c |         | c |        |         |          |           |
|            | o |         | o |        |         |          |           |
|            | n |         | n |        |         |          |           |
|            | d |         | d |        |         |          |           |
|            | a |         | a |        |         |          |           |
|            | r |         | r |        |         |          |           |
|            | y |         | y |        |         |          |           |
|            | ] |         |   |        |         |          |           |
|            | { |         | * |        |         |          |           |
|            | . |         | * |        |         |          |           |
|            | u |         | ( |        |         |          |           |
|            | n |         | C |        |         |          |           |
|            | d |         | h |        |         |          |           |
|            | e |         | e |        |         |          |           |
|            | r |         | c |        |         |          |           |
|            | l |         | k |        |         |          |           |
|            | i |         | O |        |         |          |           |
|            | n |         | n |        |         |          |           |
|            | e |         | e |        |         |          |           |
|            | } |         | ) |        |         |          |           |
|            | ( |         | * |        |         |          |           |
|            | C |         | * |        |         |          |           |
|            | h |         |   |        |         |          |           |
|            | e |         |   |        |         |          |           |
|            | c |         |   |        |         |          |           |
|            | k |         |   |        |         |          |           |
|            | O |         |   |        |         |          |           |
|            | n |         |   |        |         |          |           |
|            | e |         |   |        |         |          |           |
|            | ) |         |   |        |         |          |           |
|            | * |         |   |        |         |          |           |
|            | * |         |   |        |         |          |           |
+------------+---+---------+---+--------+---------+----------+-----------+
|            |   |         |   |        |         |          |           |
+------------+---+---------+---+--------+---------+----------+-----------+
| AMSC       | A |         | H |        | ASCT    | ASCT     | ASCT      |
|            | M |         | E |        |         |          |           |
|            | S |         | S |        |         |          |           |
|            | C |         | S |        |         |          |           |
+------------+---+---------+---+--------+---------+----------+-----------+
| CCEI       | C |         | A |        | AMSC    | AMSC     | AMSC      |
|            | C |         | S |        |         |          |           |
|            | E |         | S |        |         |          |           |
|            | I |         | P |        |         |          |           |
+------------+---+---------+---+--------+---------+----------+-----------+
| SISM       | S |         | A |        | CCEI    | CCEI     | CCEI      |
|            | I |         | S |        |         |          |           |
|            | S |         | O |        |         |          |           |
|            | M |         | T |        |         |          |           |
+------------+---+---------+---+--------+---------+----------+-----------+
| PPCS       | P |         | L |        | SISM    | SISM     | SISM      |
|            | P |         | P |        |         |          |           |
|            | C |         | S |        |         |          |           |
|            | S |         | O |        |         |          |           |
+------------+---+---------+---+--------+---------+----------+-----------+
| HESS       | H |         | I |        | PPCS    | PPCS     | PPCS      |
|            | E |         | n |        |         |          |           |
|            | S |         | - |        |         |          |           |
|            | S |         | S |        |         |          |           |
|            |   |         | T |        |         |          |           |
|            |   |         | E |        |         |          |           |
|            |   |         | P |        |         |          |           |
+------------+---+---------+---+--------+---------+----------+-----------+
| ASPS       | A |         |   |        | HESS    | HESS     | In-STEP   |
|            | S |         |   |        |         |          |           |
|            | P |         |   |        |         |          |           |
|            | S |         |   |        |         |          |           |
+------------+---+---------+---+--------+---------+----------+-----------+
| ASOT       | A |         |   |        | ASPS    | ASPS     |           |
|            | S |         |   |        |         |          |           |
|            | O |         |   |        |         |          |           |
|            | T |         |   |        |         |          |           |
+------------+---+---------+---+--------+---------+----------+-----------+
| LPSO       | L |         |   |        | ASOT    | ASOT     |           |
|            | P |         |   |        |         |          |           |
|            | S |         |   |        |         |          |           |
|            | O |         |   |        |         |          |           |
+------------+---+---------+---+--------+---------+----------+-----------+
| In-STEP    | I |         |   |        | LPSO    | LPSO     |           |
|            | n |         |   |        |         |          |           |
|            | - |         |   |        |         |          |           |
|            | S |         |   |        |         |          |           |
|            | T |         |   |        |         |          |           |
|            | E |         |   |        |         |          |           |
|            | P |         |   |        |         |          |           |
+------------+---+---------+---+--------+---------+----------+-----------+
|            |   |         |   |        |         |          |           |
+------------+---+---------+---+--------+---------+----------+-----------+
| For each   |   |         |   |        |         |          |           |
| phase of   |   |         |   |        |         |          |           |
| each       |   |         |   |        |         |          |           |
| project,   |   |         |   |        |         |          |           |
| list the   |   |         |   |        |         |          |           |
| de         |   |         |   |        |         |          |           |
| liverables |   |         |   |        |         |          |           |
| and        |   |         |   |        |         |          |           |
| identify   |   |         |   |        |         |          |           |
| the        |   |         |   |        |         |          |           |
| frequency  |   |         |   |        |         |          |           |
+------------+---+---------+---+--------+---------+----------+-----------+
| g\) Phase  |   | Phase I |   |        |         |          |           |
| 1          |   | Ti      |   |        |         |          |           |
| De         |   | metable |   |        |         |          |           |
| liverables |   |         |   |        |         |          |           |
+------------+---+---------+---+--------+---------+----------+-----------+
| 1          |   | Month   |   |        |         |          |           |
|            |   | or      |   |        |         |          |           |
|            |   | Quarter |   |        |         |          |           |
+------------+---+---------+---+--------+---------+----------+-----------+
| 2          |   | Month   |   |        |         |          |           |
|            |   | or      |   |        |         |          |           |
|            |   | Quarter |   |        |         |          |           |
+------------+---+---------+---+--------+---------+----------+-----------+
| 3          |   | **Month |   |        |         |          |           |
|            |   | or      |   |        |         |          |           |
|            |   | Qu      |   |        |         |          |           |
|            |   | arter** |   |        |         |          |           |
+------------+---+---------+---+--------+---------+----------+-----------+
| 4          |   | **Month |   |        |         |          |           |
|            |   | or      |   |        |         |          |           |
|            |   | Qu      |   |        |         |          |           |
|            |   | arter** |   |        |         |          |           |
+------------+---+---------+---+--------+---------+----------+-----------+
| 5          |   | **Month |   |        |         |          |           |
|            |   | or      |   |        |         |          |           |
|            |   | Qu      |   |        |         |          |           |
|            |   | arter** |   |        |         |          |           |
+------------+---+---------+---+--------+---------+----------+-----------+
| g\) Phase  |   | Phase   |   |        |         |          |           |
| II         |   | II      |   |        |         |          |           |
| De         |   | Ti      |   |        |         |          |           |
| liverables |   | metable |   |        |         |          |           |
+------------+---+---------+---+--------+---------+----------+-----------+
| 1          |   | Month   |   |        |         |          |           |
|            |   | or      |   |        |         |          |           |
|            |   | Quarter |   |        |         |          |           |
+------------+---+---------+---+--------+---------+----------+-----------+
| 2          |   | ### Mo  |   |        |         |          |           |
|            |   | nth or  |   |        |         |          |           |
|            |   | Quarter |   |        |         |          |           |
+------------+---+---------+---+--------+---------+----------+-----------+
| 3          |   | **Month |   |        |         |          |           |
|            |   | or      |   |        |         |          |           |
|            |   | Qu      |   |        |         |          |           |
|            |   | arter** |   |        |         |          |           |
+------------+---+---------+---+--------+---------+----------+-----------+
| 4          |   | **Month |   |        |         |          |           |
|            |   | or      |   |        |         |          |           |
|            |   | Qu      |   |        |         |          |           |
|            |   | arter** |   |        |         |          |           |
+------------+---+---------+---+--------+---------+----------+-----------+
| 5          |   | **Month |   |        |         |          |           |
|            |   | or      |   |        |         |          |           |
|            |   | Qu      |   |        |         |          |           |
|            |   | arter** |   |        |         |          |           |
+------------+---+---------+---+--------+---------+----------+-----------+

[^1]: During Phase I, InSTEP technology demonstration projects are
    expected to define carrier requirements.

[^2]: Such technology databases must provide the functionality needed to
    capture and management NASA's intellectual property, track
    partnership development for technology transfer, and to provide
    on-line access to NASA's technologies that are available for use by
    American industry. (Such a new technology database would be
    comparable to, but superior to NASA's Technology Tracking System
    (i.e., NTTS; a.k.a., "TechTracs".)

[^3]: Note: nuclear power technologies, including nuclear power and
    propulsion, and reactors, radioisotope based systems, or others
    depending on radioactivity are addressed by "Project Prometheus.
    Such nuclear technologies are [not]{.underline} appropriate for this
    BAA.