Required Report - public distribution

**Date:** 1/20/2006

**GAIN Report Number:** ID6001

ID6001

**Indonesia**

**HRI Food Service Sector**

**Update**

**2006**

**Approved by:**

![](media/image1.wmf)Fred Kessel

U.S. Embassy, Jakarta

**Prepared by:**

Fahwani Y. Rangkuti/Chris Rittgers

**Report Highlights:**

Indonesia's HRI sector is expected to experience double-digit growth
over the next few years. Among the players in this sector, upscale
hotels and restaurants, international fast-food franchises, and modern
bakeries are the primary users of imported food products. Seafood, fresh
fruit, baking ingredients, and frozen potatoes are among the leading
U.S. products the sector imports.

Includes PSD Changes: No

Includes Trade Matrix: No

Annual Report

Jakarta \[ID1\]

\[ID\]

# SECTION I: MARKET SUMMARY

# Market Overview

Indonesia is an archipelago nation of around 220 million people (2005),
making it the world's fourth most populous nation. One of the world's
largest democracies, Indonesia has accomplished a relatively smooth
democratic transition in recent years. Although still facing a number of
challenges, President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono is credited with
strengthening Indonesia's economic performance and bringing further
political stability. The economy grew at around 5 percent in 2005, but
is forecast to reach 5.3 percent 2006. Necessary reductions in fuel
subsidies in 2005 hindered economic growth, and the impact of this
action on purchasing power will continue to be a drag on the economy in
2006. The HRI sector is estimated to contribute about 16.2 percent to
Indonesia's overall economy.

U.S. agricultural exports were valued at nearly \$1 billion in 2004, and
were up about 8 percent during the first 10 months of 2005.

Table 1. U.S. Agricultural Exports to Indonesia

+------------+------+-------------------------+-----------------------+
| **Year**   | *    | **U.S. Agricultural,    | **Consumer-oriented   |
|            | *GDP | Fish & Forestry         | agricultural total**  |
|            | (    | products export total   |                       |
|            | %)** | (million of US          | **(million of US      |
|            |      | dollars)**              | dollars)**            |
+------------+------+-------------------------+-----------------------+
| 2002       | 3.6  | 859                     | 85                    |
+------------+------+-------------------------+-----------------------+
| 2003       | 4.0  | 1,039                   | 100                   |
+------------+------+-------------------------+-----------------------+
| 2004       | 4.6  | 987                     | 145                   |
+------------+------+-------------------------+-----------------------+
| 2005\*     | 5.1  | 1,000                   | 160                   |
+------------+------+-------------------------+-----------------------+
| 2006\*\*   | 5.3  | 1,050                   | 175                   |
+------------+------+-------------------------+-----------------------+

Source: BICO Report

\*estimate : Nov 2005: \$949 million and \$157 million

\*\*forecast

## Industry Description

Indonesia's HRI sector is extremely diverse, consisting of hotels and
restaurants that serve local and international cuisine, fast food
outlets, clubs, small restaurants, street stalls known as warungs, and
hawkers that sell food to customers on the street. Catering operations
serve airlines, factories, private social functions, cruise and military
ships, mining and oil operations, prisons, and hospitals. The sector is
concentrated in the urban areas, with Jakarta having the highest number
of food service outlets, followed by Surabaya, Bandung, Bali, Medan, and
Makassar.

## Sales of Imported Food

Among the players in the HRI sector, four and five-star hotels and
up-scale restaurants specializing in Western and other non-Indonesian
foods are the dominant users of imported food products. Western style
fast food outlets also purchase imports, but the variety is limited
(frozen french fries, mozzarella cheese, and condiments). Other players
in the market (local caterers and restaurants) tend to purchase
primarily local products. The average Indonesian consumer is not a
significant buyer of imported products due to their low purchasing power
relative to the cost of imported items. As such, the HRI trade is only
likely to buy imported foods if a significant number of their customers
are ex-patriates, and/or they offer an international menu. This means
that the Institutional and Catering sub-sectors, which dominate the
market, in general are infrequent buyers of imported products. However,
the expansion of franchise restaurants (including fast food), casual
dining café's, international and family style restaurants, and food
courts is expected to increase demand for imported food in the sector.

Prior to the ban on imports of U.S. beef implemented in July 2005, U.S.
beef was the highest value sales item among U.S food products in the HRI
sector, which was purchased primarily by upscale restaurants. Frozen
potato products is the second most important imported U.S. product used
by the sector.

While the distribution of imported products in the HRI sector is limited
relative to the size of the overall market, a wide variety of imported
products are used.

Table 2. Variety of imported products in Indonesian market

  ----------------------------------- -----------------------------------
  **Products**                        **Description**

  Beef                                chilled and frozen

  Poultry                             duck, and turkey

  fruits                              Fresh

  Vegetables                          fresh and frozen (carrot, peas,
                                      olive, pickle)

  dairy products                      milk, cheese, butter, and whipping
                                      cream

  bakery ingredients                  chocolate, canned/glass cherries,
                                      dry fruits and nuts, pancake mix
                                      and syrups filling

  Potatoes                            Frozen

  sea food                            Salmon, crab, scallops, etc

  soups and soup bases                Canned

  jam and bread spread                

  Condiments                          mustard, mayonnaise, barbeque
                                      sauce, soy sauce, etc

  alcohol beverage                    beer, wine, and liquor

  non alcoholic beverage              juices, coffee, tea, and soft
                                      drinks

  cooking ingredients                 Vinegar, vegetable oil (corn,
                                      soybean, canola, etc), tomato paste
                                      and tomato puree
  ----------------------------------- -----------------------------------

**Tourism Industry**

Much of the HRI sector serves the tourist industry. In recent years,
Indonesia's tourist industry has been negatively affected by perceptions
about the security situation in the country. Nonetheless, the HRI's need
to serve this industry still requires significant imported food
products. Although Indonesia has 13 major ports of entry and many
destinations, Bali is still the most visited. Singapore, Japan,
Malaysia, Australia, and Taiwan accounted for the highest tourist
arrival by nationality during 2000-2004.

Tabel 3. Tourist arrival and revenue earned

  ----------------------- ----------------------- -----------------------
  **Year**                **Tourist arrival       **Revenue (\$
                          (million)**             million)**

  2002                    5.033                   4,306

  2003                    4.467                   4,037

  2004                    5.320                   4,778

  2005\*                  4,500                   3.700

  2006\*\*                5,500                   5,000
  ----------------------- ----------------------- -----------------------

Source: Central Bureau of Statistic

\*estimate

\*\*forecast

As stated above, the tourism sector, an important source of revenue, has
been struggling to recover in the past few years due to security
concerns. That part of the HRI sector serving the tourist industry,
especially Bali, has been impacted negatively, with a proportional
decline in demand for imported food products. The demand for imported
food products dropped an estimated 40 percent following the October 2005
terrorist bombings in Bali, and activity in the sector during the
2005/06 New Year Holiday period was disappointing. Nonetheless, early
indications suggest that demand will rebound in 2006, with a faster
recovery expected than that following the 2002 Bali bombing. Full
recovery is expected at least by the time of the 2006 holiday season.

**Infrastructure**

Indonesia has several air and seaports but the main ports of entry are
Batam (45 minutes by boat from Singapore), Ngurah Rai (Bali), and
Soekarno-Hatta (Jakarta). Most of the food products imported arrive
through main airports and seaports of Jakarta and Surabaya. The lack of
an integrated cold-chain system and associated infrastructure continues
to be one of the biggest constraints to food distribution in Indonesia.

  ----------------------------------- -----------------------------------
  **Advantages and Challenges Facing  
  U.S. Food Products in Indonesia**   

  U.S products are well known for     Many U.S. food are too expensive
  good quality and taste.             for the price sensitive Indonesian
                                      market.

  Huge market potential; upper and    Insufficient infrastructure (cold
  middle income groups combine to     chain) and transportation inhibits
  represent 15% percent of the        distribution.
  population, or equal to about 33    
  million people.                     

  The number of foreign cuisine       Stiff competition from other
  restaurants and international hotel sources, especially Australia, New
  chains is increasing.               Zealand, France, Japan and China.

  American food products are popular. Sensitivity to Indonesian culture
                                      and work style is essential to
                                      marketing and consumer awareness
                                      efforts.

  Some food items cannot be produced  An erosion in purchasing power has
  locally.                            caused some consumers to turn away
                                      from expensive imports.

  Sizeable expatriate community       U.S. companies need to work with
  (including Asian expats) that seeks U.S. consolidators and be prepared
  U.S. foods and eats in              to send smaller quantities.
  Western-style restaurant            

  The HRI trade is very dynamic and   Import regulations and customs
  ready buyers and distributors exist clearance procedures can be complex
  for US food items                   and difficult

  Relatively low import tariff of     Effort is required to introduce new
  around 5% exist for most high-value to market products.
  products.                           
  ----------------------------------- -----------------------------------

# SECTION II. ROAD MAP FOR MARKET ENTRY 

# A.ENTRY STRATEGY

A. U.S. exporters interested in selling to the HRI trade in Indonesia
should look for a reputable importer/distributor to present their
products. Direct contact (face-to-face) is highly recommended for first
time market contact. These companies have the import licenses and
knowledge of customs clearance procedures that are required to
successfully bring in products. They will also have the capability and
be in a position to ensure the widest distribution for your items.

Jakarta and Bali are ideal locations to target in your market entry
effort. These cities have a sizeable HRI trade, which consists of 5-star
and boutique hotels and upscale and international restaurants. They also
have sizeable expatriate communities and a large number of foreign
visitors that will help to support sales.

Initial sales efforts should include personal visits to potential HRI
users. This can be accomplished in conjunction with your agent. It is
important to provide information on your products to chefs and food and
beverage personnel. The leading hotels and HRI outlets should be
identified and targeted. When "trendsetter" hotels/restaurants bring in
a product that people like, the others will often follow suit.

Other recommendations for marketing your products to the HRI trade in
Indonesia are as follows:

-   Competitive pricing is important. Think long-term and achieve
    turnover, rather than margin

-   Participate in trade exhibitions

-   Educate your distributor and the HRI trade on the use, pricing,
    handling, and preparation of your products.

-   Obtain Halal certification for your products as appropriate

-   Familiarize yourself with Indonesian tastes and work closely with
    food and beverage personnel and chefs to modify your products if
    required

# B. MARKET STRUCTURE

The distribution system for most imported products is relatively simple.
Products move from the U.S. exporter to an importer/distributor in
Indonesia who delivers the items directly to the HRI user. Wholesalers
may be used in cases where HRI users are small or located in cities
outside of Jakarta.

Some HRI users import items directly from the U.S. exporter. This is
primarily the case of buyers who purchase sufficient quantities of items
to use container loads themselves or require unique products. In these
situations, a freight forwarder or other intermediary may be used for
Indonesian customs clearance purpose. Most of the fast food outlets also
get their frozen potatoes/french fries supply from the
importer/distributor through an exclusive contract.

The nature of the distribution system differs by size of the user,
rather than by sub-sector type. Supermarkets and hypermarkets are also
important in the distribution system for the HRI trade. This is
especially true for smaller users. HRI buyers will purchase canned and
other items from supermarkets/hypermarkets that are unable to obtain
easily through existing import channel.

Due to Indonesia's geographic vastness, a nationwide distribution system
for imported food products does not exist. Goods that are destined for
users outside of Jakarta usually land in Jakarta or Surabaya sea port
first. There, shipments are broken down and/or consolidated for
re-shipment by air, train, truck, or ship to other locations. There are
regular air shipments from Australia to Jakarta.

Surprisingly, most of the HRI trade indicate they do not have problems
gaining access to the types of imported products that they require from
the existing distribution system. In most cases, they lay out
specifications for the items and ask reputable importers/ distributors
to source.

The distribution system for imported food is somewhat different than
that for domestically-produced items. The HRI trade buys Indonesian
products directly from local manufacturers or their distribution
agencies, wholesalers, or wet market.

Distribution System

**C. SUB-SECTOR PROFILES**

# Hotels and Resorts

In 2004, there were 1,014 star rated hotels with 102,390 rooms in
Indonesia, and 142 of these (19,522 rooms) were in Bali. Besides the
tourist visitors, hotels in urban areas are important locations for
meetings and banquets. For most hotels in urban areas, the banquet
business is the most important source of revenue. Hotels in foreign
tourist destinations (Bali) and the main urban areas (Jakarta, Bandung,
and Surabaya) are more likely to serve imported food products.

# Restaurants

Wide income disparity in Indonesia also results in a wide variety of
food service industry outlets, from premium upscale restaurants to the
small warung/street stall vendors. International franchise outlets have
a relatively strong presence, and local restaurant and bakery franchises
outlets are also rapidly increasing. Restaurants serving noodles,
Japanese food, pizza, fried chicken, and bakery outlets are prominent.
About 28 percent of the population eats at fast food restaurants at
least once a week. Premium western and other foreign cuisine restaurant
consume more imported food products. Most Korean restaurants in Jakarta
prefer to serve US beef. Local restaurants, offering traditional food,
use a lot of beef offal in particular.

Growth in the number of restaurants has come in conjunction with the
proliferation of new shopping malls in recent years. Coffee shop outlets
and bakeries are also an area demonstrating rapid growth. The dominant
imported products these outlets use are frozen potato products, dressing
sauces, whipping cream, and bakery ingredients. In addition, the number
of Chinese restaurants and mixed style western and Asian food fusion
restaurants is increasing.

Demographic, cultural, and economic factors have led to an increasing
preference for away-from-home eating.

Table 4. Sales in Consumer Foodservice by Sector: Value (Rp. billion)

  ------------------- -------------- ------------ -------- -------- -------- ---------
                      **2002-2003    **Value                                 
                      (value sales   Sales (Rp.                              
                      growth %)**    billion)**                              

                                     1999         2000     2001     2002     2003

  Cafes/bars          15.1           7,700        8,800    10,400   12,100   13,900

  Full-service        17.9           32,900       41,400   52,700   63,600   75,000
  restaurant                                                                 

  Fast food           16.9           2,600        3,400    4,300    5,000    5,900

  100%home delivery / 14.5           81           90       110      134      154
  takeaway                                                                   

  Self-service        18.0           600          700      800      900      1,100
  cafeterias                                                                 

  Street              12.4           4,400        4,800    5,400    6,300    7,000
  stalls/kiosks                                                              

  Total               17.0           48,300       59,100   73,700   88,100   103,100
  ------------------- -------------- ------------ -------- -------- -------- ---------

Source: Euromonitor

\*see the exchange rates table

Table 5. Sales in Consumer Foodservice by Sector: Unit

  ------------------- -------------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
                      2002-2003      Unit                                
                      (unit growth                                       
                      %)                                                 

                                     1999     2000     2001     2002     2003

  Cafes/bars          4.7            1,846    1,977    2,138    2,193    2,296

  Full-service        3.5            13,429   14,000   14,430   14,763   15,276
  restaurant                                                             

  Fast food           7.0            2,400    2,600    2,801    3,111    3,328

  100% home           7.0            91       96       106      114      122
  delivery/takeaway                                                      

  Self-service        5.3            266      278      288      302      318
  cafeterias                                                             

  Street              4.3            26,209   28,817   29,918   30985    32,304
  stalls/kiosks                                                          

  Total               4.2            44,241   47,768   49,681   51,468   53,644
  ------------------- -------------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------

Source: Euromonitor

**HRI Trends**

While strong consumer demand has been one of the few bright spots in
Indonesia's economy, consumers remain very price and value conscious in
their food buying patterns. Increases in utility and gasoline prices
have tended to reduce consumer purchasing power. In addition, given the
decline in expatriates living in Indonesia, especially Western

expatriates, as well as the decline in visitors, the customer base for
most of the HRI trade is shifting to an even higher percentage of
Indonesian customers and Asian expatriates.

Other current trends and expected developments are the following:

-   Expansion in international (fusion/Asian food) and family-style
    restaurants, as well as fast food outlets and bakeries will
    continue.

-   Casual dining at cafes, food courts, restaurants will grow in
    popularity at the expense of fine dining.

-   Western-style preparation and presentation for the food will be
    become increasingly important.

Table 6. Major Hotel and Restaurants Companies consuming US imported
food

  ----------------------- ----------------------- -----------------------
  **Outlet Name & Type**  **Location**            **Purchasing Agent**

  Hyatt (hotel)           Jakarta, Bandung,       Importer
                          Yogyakarta, Surabaya,   
                          Bali                    

  J.W. Marriot (hotel)    Jakarta, Surabaya       Importer

  Ritz Carlton (hotel)    Jakarta, Bali           Importer

  Four Season (hotel)     Jakarta, Bali           Importer

  Shangri-La (hotel)      Jakarta, Surabaya       Importer

  Nikko (hotel)           Jakarta, Bali           Importer

  Hilton (hotel)          Jakarta                 Importer

  Sabu-shabu house        Jakarta                 Importer
  (restaurant)                                    

  Ponzu (restaurant)      Jakarta                 Importer

  Angus House             Jakarta, Surabaya       Importer
  (restaurant)                                    

  Huize Van Willey        Jakarta                 Importer
  (restaurant)                                    

  The Grill (restaurant)  Jakarta                 Importer

  Gahyo (restaurant)      Jakarta                 Importer

  Shima (restaurant)      Jakarta                 Importer

  Kirishima (restaurant)  Jakarta                 Importer

  Sumibian (restaurant)   Jakarta                 Importer

  Pizza Café (restaurant) Surabaya                Importer

  Tony Romas (restaurant) Jakarta                 Direct Import

  Matsuri (restaurant)    Bali                    Importer

  Kasunoya (restaurant)   Bali                    Importer

  Most of the Korean      Jakarta                 Importer
  restaurant                                      

                                                  

  Kentucky fried chicken  All over Indonesia      Importer

  Mc Donald               All over Indonesia      Importer

  A&W                     All over Indonesia      Importer

  Popeye                  All over Indonesia      Importer

                                                  

  Bread Talk              Jakarta, Bandung,       Importer
                          Surabaya, Bali          
  ----------------------- ----------------------- -----------------------

# Institutional

Institutional food service providers (catering) serve the factories,
mining and oil operations, offices, schoosl, hospitals, company events,
private social functions and weddings. There are about 6,000
institutional food service enterprises, mainly small to medium sized
private enterprises. The main imported food products of this sector are
beef offal, fresh fruit, vegetables, dressing, and bakery ingredients.
Caterers that supply crews in outer Island mining and oil operations or
manufacturing provide primarily local food products. There are two main
international companies that serve foreign mining/oil companies. These
companies provide imported food products.

There are also two airline catering companies that serve almost all the
main airports in Indonesia. The biggest one is ACS (PT Angkasa Citra
Sarana/Aerowiasata Catering Service), which is a Government owned
company serving domestic and international carriers. Meals for domestic
Indonesian flights consist largely of locally-produced items.

SECTOR III. COMPETITION

**Locally Produced Products**

As indicated earlier in this report, the HRI industry generally only
buys imported foods if a significant number of their customers are
foreign, and/or they offer an international menu.

The extent to which four and five-star hotels use imported products
depends upon their clientele and the nature of their outlets. The coffee
shops of the major hotels are likely to use relatively high percentage
of local products, while Japanese, Korean, French, and Italian
restaurants depend heavily on imported products, mostly for ingredients
and certain food product items.

Fast food outlets source as much product as possible locally. More and
more foreign franchise outlets have adjusted their menus to suit local
tastes. Major imports for this sector are frozen potatoes, red meat,
cheese, and mayonnaise. The types of local items that are usually
purchase by the HRI industry consist of fresh fruits and vegetables, red
meat, milk products (milk and cheese), chicken, sausages, fresh seafood,
sauces, canned food, popcorn, bread, rice, flour, and sugar.

**Foreign Competition**

The major sources of foreign competition for the U.S. are Australia and
New Zealand. Australian market share is especially strong. Good quality
products, lower price, and a short shipping time are often cited as
reasons for buying from these two countries. Main products from
Australia include beef, seafood, fresh fruit and vegetables, wine, and
some processed products. New Zealand exports dairy products, beef, and
lamb.

Gourmet items/fine foods, such as cheese, dairy cream, chocolate, smoked
and fresh salmon are moving into the HRI sector from European Union
countries. Japanese food products go mostly to Japanese restaurants.
Recently, products from South Africa have also been increasingly
directly competing with American goods, particularly fresh fruit and
juices. Fruit and vegetable products from China are also extremely
competitive.

**Changing in Competition**

Prospects for advances in U.S. market share hinge on overall demand from
hotels, restaurants and fast food outlets, which ultimately depends on
economic stability and security in Indonesia. U.S. overall market share
should remain strong with continue potential in meat (assuming GOI lifts
the ban on beef imports), fresh fruit (primarily table grapes and
apples), potato products, dairy products, and bakery ingredients sales.
The HRI trade that uses primarily local items is unlikely to switch to
imports. Imports from Australia and New Zealand will continue to
dominate the market, and competition from China will continue to grow,
particularly in fresh fruit.

**SECTION IV. BEST PRODUCTS PRODUCTS**

**a. Products that are present in the market that have good sales
potential**

U.S. items with the best sales prospect include U.S. beef cuts and beef
offal (liver and heart), fresh fruit, frozen vegetables, frozen
potatoes/french fries, bakery ingredients: dry fruit and nuts, whey,
chocolate canned vegetables and fruits, popcorn, sauces and seasoning,
juices, and coffee mixtures. While U.S. beef has been banned since July
2005, chefs and food purchasing managers remain eager to purchase U.S.
beef and it is expected that sales will rebound rapidly when/if the ban
is lifted.

**b. Products that are not present in substantial quantities but have
good sales potential**

U.S. items that are not present in significant quantities but have sales
potential: salmon, and gourmet/specialty products: such as premixes cake
products, various seafood products, cooking oil (olive oil, sunflower
oil, etc).

Salmon is the second most popular imported item by chefs and buyers
after U.S. beef, but is currently imported mostly from Norway.

**c. Products not present because they face significant barriers**

Caterers and Institutional suppliers would buy U.S. broiler leg quarters
if not for the ban the Indonesian Government has placed on the imports
of this product. This relatively low-cost protein source would be ideal
for caterers preparing ready-to-serve meals.

**d. Future trends in food consumption**

-   Demand for fresh seafood & vegetables will increase.

-   Consumption of bakery ingredients products and Western pastries will
    increase.

-   Consumption of meat and chicken will increase. Per capita meat
    consumption is still relatively low.

-   Greater demand for more Asian food presented in a modern way.
    Currently, shopping mall food courts that serve Asian items are
    packed with customers.

-   Younger generation has different tastes and will try new and more
    exclusive products/restaurants.

-   The emphasis on halal is increasing, and less pork will be available
    in future in HRI outlets, including Chinese restaurants.

-   Dining out becoming a need rather than leisure activity. Dining out
    to be seen as a fashionable trend.

-   Fast food continues to grow as part of increased urbanization and
    expansion of more economically priced locally menus.

**e. General recommendation**

-   Familiarize yourself with import regulations and assess the market
    conditions and opportunities for the product or products you wish to
    sell.

-   Study methods of doing business in Indonesia and form a good
    relationship with a reputable importer/distributor to avoid high
    cost, inefficiency and other obstacles

-   Invest in local promotion of your product to bolster market
    penetration, brand recognition, and product sales.

-   Be flexible and able to deal with small order quantities (flexible
    minimum orders). Consider working with a reputable freight
    consolidator to increase shipping options, especially for gourmet
    products by airfreight.

-   When possible, limit your sales efforts to products with a shelf
    life of nine months or greater with clearly market expiry dates.

-   Study the culture and taste of your target market, and adapt your
    products, packaging, and promotions to suit these tastes.

# SECTION V. POST CONTACT INFORMATION

The Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) of US Embassy Jakarta maintains
up-to-date information covering food and agricultural import
opportunities in Indonesia and would be pleased to assist in
facilitating U.S. exports and entry to the Indonesia market.

Questions or comments regarding this report should be directed to the
FAS Jakarta at the following local or U.S. mailing address:

###### Foreign Agricultural Service

U.S. Embassy Jakarta

> Jl. Medan Merdeka Selatan \# 3-5
>
> Jakarta 10110 - Indonesia
>
> Tel: +62 21 3435-9161
>
> Fax: +62 21 3435-9920
>
> e-mail:agjakarta@usda.gov
>
> Home page: <http://www.usembassyjakarta.org/fas>

####### Foreign Agricultural Service

> U.S. Embassy-Jakarta
>
> Box 1, Unit 8129

####### FPO AP 96520-0001

Please contact our home page for more information on exporting U.S. food
products to Indonesia and to other countries, please visit the Foreign
Agricultural Service's Home Page:
[http://www.fas.usda.gov](http://www.fas.usda.gov/)

**CALENDAR OF TRADE SHOWS IN INDONESIA**

######## Name of Event **FOOD, HOTEL & TOURISM BALI 2006**

> Event Location Bali International Convention Center, Nusa Dua - Bali,
> Indonesia
>
> Industry them The 5^th^ International Exhibition for Equipment, Food,
> Beverages and Services to Support Indonesia's Tourism and Hospitality
> Industries; The 4^th^ International Retail Technology, Equipment,
> Display, and Storage Exhibition
>
> Date of Event February 9-11, 2006
>
> Type of Event International Exhibition
>
> Name of Organizer PT Pamerindo Buana Abadi
>
> Phone of Organizer (62-21) 316-2001
>
> Fax of Organizer (62-21) 316-1983/4
>
> E-mail of organizer [wiwiek@pamerindo.com]{.underline}

######### Web site [www.pamerindo.com](http://www.pamerindo.com/)

> Name of Event **FOOD & HOTEL INDONESIA 2007**
>
> Event Location Jakarta International Exhibition Center, Kemayoran,
> Indonesia
>
> Industry theme The 9^th^ International Hotel, Catering Equipment, Food
> and Drink Exhibition; The 5^th^ International Retail Technology,
> Equipment, Display, and Storage Exhibition
>
> Dates of Event 28-31 March, 2007
>
> Type of Event International Exhibition
>
> Name of Organizer P.T. Pamerindo Buana Abadi
>
> Phone of Organizer (62-21) 316-2001
>
> Fax of Organizer (62-21) 316-1983/4
>
> E-mail of Organizer [wiwiek@pamerindo.com]{.underline}
>
> Web site [www.pamerindo.com](http://www.pamerindo.com/)

**EXCHANGE RATE**

  ------------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ------- ------- ------- -------- -------- --------
  Exchange Rate                                                                                                 
  (Rp./1US\$)                                                                                                   
  on Period                                                                                                     
  Month Ending                                                                                                  
  Basis                                                                                                         

                Jan      Feb      Mar      Apr      May      Jun      Jul     Aug     Sep     Oct      Nov      Dec

  1999          9,419    8,992    8,778    8,632    8,179    6,750    6,989   7,736   8,571   6,949    7,439    7,161

  2000          7,414    7,517    7,598    7,988    8,728    8,742    9,055   8,370   8,891   9,483    9,524    9,385

  2001          9,488    9,914    10,460   11,675   11,375   11,440   9,525   8,670   9,675   10,435   10,430   10,200

  2002          10,383   10,222   9,779    9,441    9,823    8,741    9,171   8,938   9,057   9,257    9,020    8,929

  2003          8,877    8,917    8,957    8,711    8,274    8,259    8,643   8,488   8,468   8,627    8,537    8,528
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Source: Central Statistic Agency (BPS-Badan Pusat Statistik) and
Business Indonesia Daily Newspaper