BOREAS TE-20 NSA Soil Lab Data

Summary

This data set contains the major soil properties of soil samples
collected at the tower flux sites in the NSA. The soil samples were
collected by Hugo Veldhuis and his staff from the University of
Manitoba. The mineral soil samples were largely analyzed by Barry Goetz,
under the supervision of Dr. Harold Rostad at the University of
Saskatchewan. The organic soil samples were largely analyzed by Peter
Haluschak, under the supervision of Hugo Veldhuis at the Centre for Land
and Biological Resources Research in Winnipeg, Manitoba.

During the course of field investigation and mapping, selected surface
and subsurface soil samples were collected for laboratory analysis.
These samples were used as benchmark references for specific soil
attributes in general soil characterization. Detailed soil sampling,
description and laboratory analysis were performed on selected modal
soils to provide examples of common soil physical and chemical
characteristics in the study area.

The soil properties that were determined include soil horizon; dry soil
color; pH; bulk density; total, organic, and inorganic carbon; electric
conductivity; cation exchange capacity; exchangeable sodium, potassium,
calcium, magnesium, and hydrogen; water content at 0.01, 0.033, and 1.5
MPascals; nitrogen; phosphorus; particle size distribution; texture; pH
of the mineral soil and of the organic soil; extractable acid; and
sulfur. These data are stored in ASCII text files.

Table of Contents

\* 1 Data Set Overview

\* 2 Investigator(s)

\* 3 Theory of Measurements

\* 4 Equipment

\* 5 Data Acquisition Methods

\* 6 Observations

\* 7 Data Description

\* 8 Data Organization

\* 9 Data Manipulations

\* 10 Errors

\* 11 Notes

\* 12 Application of the Data Set

\* 13 Future Modifications and Plans

\* 14 Software

\* 15 Data Access

\* 16 Output Products and Availability

\* 17 References

\* 18 Glossary of Terms

\* 19 List of Acronyms

\* 20 Document Information

1\. Data Set Overview

1.1 Data Set Identification

BOREAS TE-20 NSA Soil Lab Data

1.2 Data Set Introduction

This data set was collected by Hugo Veldhuis, who worked under contract
with the BOReal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS) Terrestrial Ecology
(TE)-20 team to collect soil samples at the BOREAS Northern Study Area
(NSA) tower sites and to provide the results of various laboratory tests
performed on the soil samples.

1.3 Objective/Purpose

There was a general need within BOREAS for soil properties to be
obtained. These data were not collected with any particular application
in mind. Various groups in BOREAS needed measurements of soil carbon
content, bulk density, electrical conductivity (EC), and other soil
properties for use in ecological models.

1.4 Summary of Parameters

The following soil parameters were measured: bulk density, pH of the
soil, total carbon (TC), organic carbon (OC), inorganic carbon (IC),
buffered cation exchange capacity (CEC), exchangeable sodium (Na),
exchangeable potassium (K), exchangeable calcium (Ca), exchangeable
magnesium (Mg), field moisture, saturated moisture, wilting moisture,
total nitrogen (N), particle size distribution, extractable acidity, and
total sulfur (S).

1.5 Discussion

During the field investigation and mapping, selected surface and
subsurface soil samples were collected for laboratory analysis. These
samples were used as benchmark references for specific soil attributes
in general soil characterization. Detailed soil sampling, description
and laboratory analysis were performed on selected modal soils to
provide examples of common soil physical and chemical characteristics in
the study area.

1.6 Related Data Sets

BOREAS Agriculture Canada Central Saskatchewan Vector Soils Data

BOREAS CanSIS Regional Soils Data in Vector Format

BOREAS Regional Soils Data in Raster Format and AEAC Projection

BOREAS Soils Data over the SSA in Raster Format and AEAC Projection

BOREAS TE-01 Soils Data over the SSA Tower Sites in Raster Format

BOREAS TE-01 SSA Soil Lab Data

BOREAS TE-20 Soils Data over the NSA and Tower Sites in Raster Format

BOREAS TE-20 Soils Data over the NSA and Tower Sites in Vector Format

BOREAS TGB-12 Soil Carbon and Flux Data of NSA-MSA in Raster Format

BOREAS TGB-12 Soil Carbon Data over the NSA

2\. Investigator(s)

2.1 Investigator(s) Name and Title

Hugo Veldhuis, Senior Pedologist

Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada

2.2 Title of Investigation

Soils of Tower Sites and Super Site, Northern Study Area, Thompson,
Manitoba, Canada

2.3 Contact Information

Contact 1

\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--

Hugo Veldhuis

Centre for Land & Biological Resources Research

Manitoba Land Resource Unit

Univ. of Manitoba

Winnipeg, MB CANADA

\(204\) 474-6124

\(204\) 474-7633 (fax)

Contact 2

\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--

David Knapp

Raytheon STX Corporation

NASA GSFC

Greenbelt, MD

\(301\) 286-1424

\(301\) 286-0239 (fax)

David.Knapp@gsfc.nasa.gov

3\. Theory of Measurements

A number of different soil properties were measured for use by BOREAS
investigators. The theory and methods used to measure these properties
are as follows:

Bulk Density: An intact known volume of soil is removed, dried, and
weighed; the density can then be calculated.

TC: All types of carbon will be combusted into carbon dioxide (CO~2~) in
a flow of oxygen (O~2~) at 2,500 °F.

IC: IC reacts with acid producing CO~2~, which is quantified through
titration.

OC: Equals measured TC minus measured IC.

EC: The soil's ability to carry an electrical current which is
indicative of salt content.

CEC: If a soil is washed with one cation (Ba), and the other cations are
leached, the first cation fills the exchange sites of the leached
cation, and equals the soil\'s CEC.

Exchangeable Cations: Equals the quantity of cations in the leachate
after they have been exchanged off the soil.

Soil Moisture Retentions: Equals the amount of water in soils under a
suction equal to 1/10, 1/3, and 15 atmospheres (i.e., field moisture
10th, saturated moisture, and wilting moisture, as described
respectively in the original soil analysis report).

Soil Size Fractions: Clay and silt are measured based on the principle
that the speed at which a particle will fall in water will depend on the
size of the particle.

4\. Equipment

4.1 Sensor/Instrument Description

Bulk density: 10 cm diameter tube, 10 cm long.

TC: LECO CR12 Carbon Determinator 781-600

CEC and exchangeable cations: Cation concentrations were measured by
atomic adsorption-Perkin Elmer 3100.

Equipment used in other procedures is listed in the references and
manuals listed in Section 17.

4.1.1 Collection Environment

None given.

4.1.2 Source/Platform

Not applicable.

4.1.3 Source/Platform Mission Objectives

Not applicable.

4.1.4 Key Variables

Soil Horizon

Soil Color (Dry)

pH

Bulk Density

Total Carbon

Organic Carbon

Inorganic Carbon

Electric Conductivity

Cation Exchange Capacity

Exchangeable Sodium

Exchangeable Potassium

Exchangeable Calcium

Exchangeable Magnesium

Exchangeable Hydrogen

Water Content at a pressure of 0.1 atmospheres (0.01 MPascals)

Water Content at a pressure of 0.33 atmospheres (0.033 MPascals)

Water Content at a pressure of 15 atmospheres (1.5 MPascals)

Nitrogen

Phosphorus

Percentage of Very Coarse Sand

Percentage of Coarse Sand

Percentage of Medium Sand

Percentage of Fine Sand

Percentage of Very Fine Sand

Percentage of Total Sand

Percentage of Total Silt

Percentage of Total Clay

Texture

Horizon Number

pH of the Mineral Soil (CaCl~2~)

pH of the Organic Soil (CaCl~2~)

pH of the Mineral Soil (H~2~O)

pH of the Organic Soil (H~2~O)

Extractable Acid

Sulfur

4.1.5 Principles of Operation

None given.

4.1.6 Sensor/Instrument Measurement Geometry

Not applicable.

4.1.7 Manufacturer of Sensor/Instrument

None given.

4.2 Calibration

Calibration information was provided for the following instruments:

Total Carbon: LECO 501-034 12%

Dry soil colors were measured according to the Munsell color chart. All
other standards were prepared in the laboratory from pure analytical
compounds and tested against National Institute of Standards and
Technology (NIST) standards.

4.2.1 Specifications

None given.

4.2.1.1 Tolerance

None given.

4.2.2 Frequency of Calibration

None given.

4.2.3 Other Calibration Information

None.

5\. Data Acquisition Methods

Bulk Density: Cylinders of known volume and weight are pressed into the
soil and filled with soil in its natural state. The soil and cylinder
are dried at 105 °C and weighed. The soil weight is then calculated and
divided by the cylinder volume (Manual on Soil Sampling and Methods of
Analysis).

TC: Measured by combustion of dried soil samples in a LECO CR12 Carbon
Determinator (LECO Corporation Application Bulletin form no.
203-601-071).

IC: Measured through digestion in acid, and evolved CO~2~ is measured
directly as carbonic acid in a two-endpoint titration (Tiessen et al.,
1983).

OC: Equals measured TC minus measured IC.

Total Nitrogen and Phosphorus: Digestion in H~2~SO~4~ and H~2~O~2~
(Thomas et al., 1967). Products NH^4+^ and P were measured
colormetrically by the ammonia-salicylate method (Technicon, 1973) and
acid-molybdate blue method (Murphy and Riley, 1962), respectively.

Electrical conductivity and pH: Standard laboratory meter.

CEC: The cations on the exchange are replaced with barium (Ba), which is
then exchanged off the soil with NH~4~ and the amount of Ba is measured
(p. 54, Manual on Soil Sampling and Methods of Analysis).

Exchangeable Cations: Measured in leachate after Ba has exchanged them
off the soil; Na^+^, K^+^, Ca^2+^, Mg^2+^ by atomic absorption and H^+^
by back titration with HCl to pH 5.1 (p. 83, Manual on Soil Sampling and
Methods of Analysis).

Soil Moisture Retentions: Pressure plate extraction (p. 45, Manual on
Soil Sampling and Methods of Analysis).

Soil Size Fractions: Pipette method (p. 6, Manual on Soil Sampling and
Methods of Analysis).

6\. Observations

6.1 Data Notes

The table below lists soil classification (by order, sub-group, and soil
type), site location, soil polygon (Polynum), and BOREAS site location
of soil pits in this study. This information enables the user to
spatially link soils data from this study to the TE-20 Soils Data over
the NSA-MSA and Tower Sites in Raster Format and TGB-12 Soil Carbon and
Flux Data of NSA-MSA in Raster Format. See TE-20 soils data
documentation, TE-20 Soils Report, and Soil Classification Working Group
(1998) for detailed description of soil classification.

  ------- ------------ ----------- ------- ------ --------- --------------- -------------- ---------
  Soil    Order        Sub-group   Soil    Site   Polynum   BOREAS Site                    
  Pit                              Type           (TE-20    Location                       
                                                  data set)                                

  FEN02   ORGANIC      TYF         FEN     Fen    21        NSA-FEN-FLXTR   9-TE20-SOLO2   

  FEN04   CRYSOLIC     MEOC        PAA     Fen    16        NSA-FEN-FLXTR   9-TE20-SOLO4   

  FEN06   CRYSOLIC     MEOC        PAA     Fen    16        NSA-FEN-FLXTR   9-TE20-SOLO6   

  FEN07   ORGANIC      TYF         BGC     Fen    10        NSA-FEN-FLXTR   9-TE20-SOLO7   

  FEN08   CRYOSOLIC    TMEOC       PLH     Fen    12        NSA-FEN-FLXTR   9-TE20-SOLO8   

  FEN09   ORGANIC      TYF         FCD     Fen    8         NSA-FEN-FLXTR   9-TE20-SOLO9   

  OBS01   LUVISOLIC    OGL         WBW     Obs    31        NSA-OBS-FLXTR   9-TE20-SOLO1   

  OBS02   LUVISOLIC    OGL         SWK     Obs    19        NSA-OBS-FLXTR   9-TE20-SOLO2   

  OBS03   CRYOSOLIC    RSC         PLH     Obs    12        NSA-OBS-FLXTR   9-TE20-SOLO3   

  OBS04   CRYSOLIC     TFIOC       NIC     Obs    16        NSA-OBS-FLXTR   9-TE20-SOLO4   

  OBS05   CRYSOLIC     TFIOC       NIC     Obs    21        NSA-OBS-FLXTR   9-TE20-SOLO5   

  OBS06   GLEYSOLIC    OLG         LPR     Obs    15        NSA-OBS-FLXTR   9-TE20-SOLO6   

  OBS07   LUVISOLIC    OGL         WBW     Obs    19        NSA-OBS-FLXTR   9-TE20-SOLO7   

  OJP01   BRUNISOLIC   EDYB        PCP     Ojp    9         NSA-OJP-FLXTR   9-TE20-SOLO1   

  OJP02   BRUNISOLIC   EDYB        PCP     Ojp    13        NSA-OJP-FLXTR   9-TE20-SOLO2   

  OJP03   BRUNISOLIC   EDYB        PCP     Ojp    9         NSA-OJP-FLXTR   9-TE20-SOLO3   

  OJP04   BRUNISOLIC   EDYB        PCP     Ojp    9         NSA-OJP-FLXTR   9-TE20-SOLO4   

  OJP05   BRUNISOLIC   EDYB        PCP     Ojp    2         NSA-OJP-FLXTR   9-TE20-SOLO5   

  OJP06   BRUNISOLIC   EDYB        PCP     Ojp    3         NSA-OJP-FLXTR   9-TE20-SOLO6   

  OJP07   GLEYSOLIC    OG          WTP     Ojp    12        NSA-OJP-FLXTR   9-TE20-SOLO7   

  OTA01   LUVISOLIC    OGL         WBW     Ota    5         NSA-90A-9TETR   9-TE20-SOLO1   

  OTA02   LUVISOLIC    OGL         PPU     Ota    13        NSA-90A-9TETR   9-TE20-SOLO2   

  US01    LUVISOLIC    OGL         SWK     Sst    41        NSA-9BS-9TETR   9-TE20-SOLO1   

  YJP01   GLEYSOLIC    OG          PCH     Yjp    12        NSA-YJP-FLXTR   9-TE20-SOLO1   

  YJP02   BRUNISOLIC   EDYB        PCP     Yjp    1         NSA-YJP-FLXTR   9-TE20-SOLO2   

  YJP03   BRUNISOLIC   EDYB        PCP     Yjp    14        NSA-YJP-FLXTR   9-TE20-SOLO3   

  YJP04   BRUNISOLIC   GLEDYB      PCB     Yjp    9         NSA-YJP-FLXTR   9-TE20-SOLO4   

  YJP05   BRUNISOLIC   GLEDYB      LWP     Yjp    9         NSA-YJP-FLXTR   9-TE20-SOLO5   

  YJP06   BRUNISOLIC   EDYB        CLK     Yjp    17        NSA-YJP-FLXTR   9-TE20-SOLO6   
  ------- ------------ ----------- ------- ------ --------- --------------- -------------- ---------

SOILDEV = Soil development (soil classification).

Order Sub-Group

Brunisolic

> EDYB Eluviated Dystric Brunisol
>
> GLEDYB Gleyed Eluviated Dystric Brunisol
>
> EEB Eluviated Eutric Brunisol
>
> GLEEB Gleyed Eluviated Eutric Brunisol

Gleysolic

> OHG Orthic Humic Gleysol
>
> RHG Rego Humic Gleysol
>
> OG Orthic Gleysol
>
> FEG Ferric Gleysol
>
> OLG Orthic Luvic Gleysol
>
> HULG Humic Luvic Gleysol

Luvisolic

> OGL Orthic Gray Luvisol
>
> DGL Dark Gray Luvisol
>
> GLGL Gleyed Gray Luvisol
>
> GLDGL Gleyed Dark Gray Luvisol

Organic

> TYF Typic Fibrisol
>
> MEF Mesic Fibrisol
>
> TF Terric Fibrisol
>
> TMEF Terric Mesic Fibrisol
>
> HYF Hydric Fibrisol
>
> TYM Typic Mesisol
>
> FIM Fibric Mesisol
>
> TM Terric Mesisol
>
> TFIM Terric Fibric Mesisol
>
> THUM Terric Mesic Humisol
>
> TH Terric Humisol
>
> TFIH Terric Fibric Humisol
>
> TMEH Terric Mesic Humisol

Cryosolic

> OSC Orthic Static Cryosol
>
> RSC Regosolic Static Cryosol
>
> OTC Orthic Turbic Cryosol
>
> RTC Regosolic Turbic Cryosol
>
> FIOC Fibric Organic Cryosol
>
> MEOC Mesic Organic Cryosol
>
> HUOC Humic Organic Cryosol
>
> TFIOC Terric Fibric Organic Cryosol
>
> TMEOC Terric Mesic Organic Cryosol
>
> THUOC Terric Humic Organic Cryosol

VARIANT

Code Class

c Cryic

l Lithic

p Peaty

SOIL TYPE (See TE-20 Soils Report for descriptions of soil types.)

ATK - Atik

BDY - Baldy

> BGC - Bog Collapse
>
> BRN - Brannigan Creek

BTT - Button

> CLK - Clarke

CMK - Cormorant Lake

FCD - Fen Collapse

FEN - Fen

GRS - Grass River

LPR - La Perouse

LWP - Low Pine

MDR - Medard

NIC - Nichols Lake

PAA - Palsa

PCB - Partridge Beak

PCH - Partridge Head

PCP - Partridge Crop

PKW - Pakwa

PLH - Palsa Hummock

PLT - Plateau

PPU - Pipun

ROK - Roe Lake

SWK - Sipiwesk

SYB - Sandy Bog

TBL - Turnbull

TFN - Thaw Fen

TYL - Tyrrell

WBW - Wabowden

WRL - Warren Landing

WTP - Wet Pine

YGP - Young Pine

SOIL PHASE

Code

d Deep

h Humus

s Shallow

v Very deep

w Very shallow

x Complex

Note: The TGB-12 and TE-20 raster data sets cover the same area of the
NSA-MSA. Both data sets contain a raster image and an attribute file
that describes each soil polygon. The TGB-12 raster data was modified to
account for the 1981 burn. In this data set polygons with POLYNUM 238 -
248 are within the burn.

6.2 Field Notes

None given.

7\. Data Description

7.1 Spatial Characteristics

7.1.1 Spatial Coverage

The tower flux sites are located in the NSA at the following North
American datum 1983 (NAD83) coordinates:

Longitude Latitude

\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--

Old Black Spruce (OBS) 98.48139 W 55.88007 N

Old Jack Pine (OJP) 98.623958 W 55.9284153 N

Fen 98.420716 W 55.9148083 N

Young Jack Pine (YJP) 98.287056 W 55.8957528 N

Aspen (aux. site T2Q6A) 98.674786 W 55.8869081 N

7.1.2 Spatial Coverage Map

None.

7.1.3 Spatial Resolution

These data represent point locations.

7.1.4 Projection

Not applicable.

7.1.5 Grid Description

Not applicable.

7.2 Temporal Characteristics

7.2.1 Temporal Coverage

All measured parameters will change only over the long term, so any data
could be valuable to generalize the soil characteristics of the area for
many years in the future.

7.2.2 Temporal Coverage Map

The measurement of these soil properties was based on soil samples that
were collected in 1994.

7.2.3 Temporal Resolution

The soil samples were collected at a certain point in time. However, the
soil

properties that were derived from the samples do not tend to change
significantly with time.

7.3 Data Characteristics

Data characteristics are defined in the companion data definition file
(te20sldn.def).

7.4 Sample Data Record

Sample data format shown in the companion data definition file
(te20sldn.def).

8\. Data Organization

8.1 Data Granularity

All of the NSA Soil Lab Data are contained in one dataset.

8.2 Data Format(s)

The data files contain numerical and character fields of varying length
separated by commas. The character fields are enclosed with a single
apostrophe marks. There are no spaces between the fields. Sample data
records are shown in the companion data definition file (te20sldn.def).

9\. Data Manipulations

9.1 Formulae

None given.

9.1.1 Derivation Techniques and Algorithms

Not applicable.

9.2 Data Processing Sequence

9.2.1 Processing Steps

None given.

9.2.2 Processing Changes

None given.

9.3 Calculations

9.3.1 Special Corrections/Adjustments

None given.

9.3.2 Calculated Variables

None.

9.4 Graphs and Plots

None.

10\. Errors

10.1 Sources of Error

Most errors incurred would be due to the heterogeneity of soils and to
equipment precision, all of which would be within the limits required
for the use of these data.

10.2 Quality Assessment

The soil survey was performed by a soil expert who has many years of
soil survey field experience. As a result, there is a great deal of
confidence in the field visual observations and in the quality of soil
samples brought into the lab for analysis. All methods for measuring
soil characteristics have been performed routinely in the soil survey
division of the Centre for Land and Biological Resources Research. All
methods have been tested thoroughly for accuracy, accepted for the
general soil survey of Saskatchewan, and approved at the federal
research level.

10.2.1 Data Validation by Source

None given.

10.2.2 Confidence Level/Accuracy Judgment

See Section 10.2.

10.2.3 Measurement Error for Parameters

The error ranges for most of the parameters are as follows:

pH: 5%

Bulk Density: 5%

TC and IC: 3%

Total Nitrogen and Phosphorus: 5%

EC and CEC: 5%

Exchangeable H^+^: 10%

Soil Moisture Retentions (0.3, 0.1, and 15 atm): 5%

Particle Size Fractions: 5%

10.2.4 Additional Quality Assessments

None.

10.2.5 Data Verification by Data Center

A cursory review of the data was made to ensure that the data were as
expected. Some spot checks were made to confirm that the data were
within the realm of possibility.

The data were checked after loading into the relational data base to
ensure that no errors occurred during loading.

11\. Notes

11.1 Limitations of the Data

None given.

11.2 Known Problems with the Data

None given.

11.3 Usage Guidance

None given.

11.4 Other Relevant Information

None.

12\. Application of the Data Set

This data set was created for use by BOREAS investigators to use in
ecological models and other research purposes.

13\. Future Modifications and Plans

None.

14\. Software

14.1 Software Description

None.

14.2 Software Access

None.

15\. Data Access

15.1 Contact Information

Ms. Beth Nelson

BOREAS Data Manager

Greenbelt, MD

\(301\) 286-4005

\(301\) 286-0239 (fax)

Elizabeth.Nelson@gsfc.nasa.gov

15.2 Data Center Identification

See Section 15.1.

15.3 Procedures for Obtaining Data

Users may place requests by telephone, electronic mail, or fax.

15.4 Data Center Status/Plans

The TE-20 lab soil data are available from the Earth Observing System
Data and Information System (EOSDIS) Oak Ridge National Laboratory
(ORNL) Distributed Active Archive Center (DAAC).

The BOREAS contact at ORNL is:

ORNL DAAC User Services

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

\(865\) 241-3952

ornldaac@ornl.gov

ornl@eos.nasa.gov

16\. Output Products and Availability

16.1 Tape Products

None.

16.2 Film Products

None.

16.3 Other Products

The data are available as ASCII files.

17\. References

17.1 Platform/Sensor/Instrument/Data Processing Documentation

Manual on Soil Sampling and Methods of Analysis. 1978. J.A. McKeague
(Ed). Canadian Soil Science Society.

Technicon Industrial Systems. 1973. Nitrate and nitrite in water and
waste water. Industrial Method No. 100-70W. Technicon Industrial
Systems, Tarrytown, NY.

17.2 Journal Articles and Study Reports

Murphy, J. and J.P. Riley. 1962. A modified single solution method for
determination of phosphate in natural waters. Anal. Chim. Acta. 27:
31-36.

Sellers, P. and F. Hall. 1994. Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study:
Experiment Plan. Version 1994-3.0, NASA BOREAS Report (EXPLAN 94).

Sellers, P., F. Hall, H. Margolis, B. Kelly, D. Baldocchi, G. den
Hartog, J. Cihlar, M.G. Ryan, B. Goodison, P. Crill, K.J. Ranson, D.
Lettenmaier, and D.E. Wickland. 1995. The boreal ecosystem-atmosphere
study (BOREAS): an overview and early results from the 1994 field year.
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 76(9):1549-1577.

Sellers, P., F. Hall, and K.F. Huemmrich. 1996. Boreal
Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study: 1994 Operations. NASA BOREAS Report (OPS DOC
94).

Sellers, P. and F. Hall. 1996. Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study:
Experiment Plan. Version 1996-2.0, NASA BOREAS Report (EXPLAN 96).

Sellers, P., F. Hall, and K.F. Huemmrich. 1997. Boreal
Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study: 1996 Operations. NASA BOREAS Report (OPS DOC
96).

Sellers, P.J., F.G. Hall, R.D. Kelly, A. Black, D. Baldocchi, J. Berry,
M. Ryan, K.J. Ranson, P.M. Crill, D.P. Lettenmaier, H. Margolis, J.
Cihlar, J. Newcomer, D. Fitzjarrald, P.G. Jarvis, S.T. Gower, D.
Halliwell, D. Williams, B. Goodison, D.E. Wickland, and F.E. Guertin.
1997. BOREAS in 1997: Experiment Overview, Scientific Results and Future
Directions. Journal of Geophysical Research, 102(D24):28,731-28,770.

Soil Classification Working Group (Eds.). 1998. The Canadian System of
Soil Classification. 3rd edition. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
Publication 1646. 187 pp. Research Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food
Canada, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario.

Thomas, R.L., R.W. Sueurd, and J.P. Moyer. 1967. Comparison of
conventional and automated procedures for nitrogen, phosphorus and
potassium analysis of plant material using a single digest. Agron. J.
99: 240-243.

Tiessen, H., T.L. Roberts, and J.W.B. Stewart. 1983. Carbonate analysis
in soils and minerals by acid digestion and two-endpoint titration.
Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 14: 161-166.

Veldhuis, H. 1995. Soils of Tower Sites and Super Site, Northern Study
Area,

Thompson, Manitoba, Canada. BOREAS Project Soils Report for NSA.

Veldhuis, H. and G. Rapalee. 1999. Soil carbon stocks and distribution
in soil and landscapes of the Glacial Lake Agassiz basin, north-central
Manitoba. In Proceedings of 42nd Annual Manitoba Soil Science Society
Meeting, Winnipeg MB. 181-188.

17.3 Archive/DBMS Usage Documentation

None.

18\. Glossary of Terms

None.

19\. List of Acronyms

ASCII - American Standard Code for Information Interchange

BOREAS - BOReal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study

BORIS - BOREAS Information System

CEC - Cation Exchange Capacity

DAAC - Distributed Active Archive Center

EC - Electric Conductivity

EOS - Earth Observing System

EOSDIS - EOS Data and Information System

GSFC - Goddard Space Flight Center

IC - Inorganic Carbon

NASA - National Aeronautics and Space Administration

NIST - National Institute of Standards and Technology

NSA - Northern Study Area

OA - Old Aspen

OBS - Old Black Spruce

OC - Organic Carbon

OJP - Old Jack Pine

ORNL - Oak Ridge National Laboratory

PANP - Prince Albert National Park

PI - Principal Investigator

SSA - Southern Study Area

TC - Total Carbon

TE - Terrestrial Ecology

URL - Uniform Resource Locator

YJP - Young Jack Pine

20\. Document Information

20.1 Document Revision Date

Written: 01-Jan-1997

Last Revised: 12-Apr-1999

20.2 Document Review Date(s)

BORIS Review: 20-Aug-1998

Science Review: 14-Jul-1998

20.3 Document ID

20.4 Citation

Please contact Hugo Veldhuis before publishing any results that are
based on these data.

20.5 Document Curator

20.6 Document URL

KEYWORDS

BULK DENSITY

CATION EXCHANGE CAPACITY

CARBON

EXCHANGEABLE CATIONS

MOISTURE RETENTION

PH

SOIL